DaDDDDDDnDDnDnnnnDDDDDnaDDnDDDnD D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D a D D D D D D D D a n D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D o* li'^^s^ fCRS^ UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LIBRARY D D D D D D D a D D D D D D D a a D D D D D D D P D D D D D D D D D D D D n D D D D D D D n D D D a □ — p D n DDDnDDDnnDDnDDDDnDDDDDnDDnDDDDDD i SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON MASSACHUSETTS' GOV. HERTER (left) prospective cranberry grower, in receptio Won^ll.''"'"' ""'"*' ''"' ""'' """"" ''''^''^""'- ''"^'(CRANBERRIES-Photo 30 Cents MAY 1953 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jeraey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Hall & Cole Established 1848 Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Fancuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmoui'h Hyannis Provincetown Vim yard Haven Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch vVelcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 The National Bank of Wareham BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON, and HERCULES ENGINES E^xpert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Kstablished 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS EQIJEPMSNT Conveniently located for Cranberry men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Bankings Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — Wareham — Mass. PUMPS DUSTERS AND SPRAYERS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SEPARATORS - AND CONVEYORS Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. TeL 626 CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR 5-6100, 6-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 CHRYSLER Industrial Engines "HORSEPOWER WITH A PEDIGREE" POWER UNITS CLUTCHES & TAKE-OFFS GENERAL INDUSTRIAL PARTS & SERVICE Immediate Deliveries See Your Local Pump Dealer or WALTER H. MORETON CORP. 9 Commercial Ave. Cambridge, Mass. Elliot 4-7891 INSECTICIDES CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters fMM Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York • • • "cranberries" was the original and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. • • • AUTO Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 63-R SERVICES BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. LOANS THE NATIONAL FARM LOAN ASSOCIATION of Bridgewater 2 Central Square Bridgewater, Mass. Federal Land Bank Loans 4Vi% Long Term. Tel. 5377 Classified Directory (Cont.) VOLTA OIL CO. Distributor of the Famous TEXACO WATER WHITE Attention Growers!! for your Spring weed control we offer water white kerosene WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT KEROSENE For your Bog "GRADE A" metered trucks Stoddard Solvent Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. Tels. 840 Ply. and 1340-R Plymouth, Mass. Hedge Road, North Plymouth SUPERIOR FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. tel. 93-J - INC. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R 1 • Water White KEROSENE STODDARD SOLVENT J. W. Hurley Co. • COAL TANK TRUCI '<: SERVICE and • NEW ENGLAND COKE HIGH-PRESSURE SPRAYING Arranged. NATHAN G. ROBY Carver, Mass. Bottled Gas Range and Fuel Oils Tel. 95 and Appliances • FUEL OIL Water White --KEROSENE- For BOGS (METERED TRUCKS) 24-hour Fuel Oil Service Telephone 24-2 149 Main St. WAREHAM SHAW & THOMAS Grower's Service Ditch Cleaning - Sanding Prontend Loader - Building Mowing - Renovating F. E. SHAW J. E. THOMAS 37-11 Telephone Carver 8-11 FOR SALE 300 UN-USED CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES (HAND NAILED) SUNSET MEADOWS Cranberry Co. Hill St. & Rtc. 44 Raynhani, Mass. 1 1 CRANBERRIES is the only publication of the industry which accepts advertising Two Classified Directory (Cont.) Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J.&J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 POLLINATION POLLINATION 100 strong double decker col- onies of bees for rent. Orders taken now. Bee-Wise and get an extra 10 barrels of berries per acre by using strong colonies of bees. LEWIS KONCES 612 Pond Street So. Weymouth, Mass. Tel. Weymouth 9-3811-W C. Chanely — A. Card F. Russell MERRIMACK VALLEY APIARIES Andrew T. Card Pond St. Billerica, Mass. Tel. 3079 COMPLETE POLLINATION SERVICE HONEY BEES for POLLINATION Be sure of a good "set" on your bogs year after year with suffi- cient bee colonies. Your yield is in direct propor- tion to the number of pollinators present in your bog during bloom. BEE COLONY RENTALS Phone or write for information or service. The BLUE HILLS APIARIES 68 ROCKDALE STREET Mattapan (Boston), Mass. CU 6-2582 AV 2-1087 ACE ELECTS ITS OFFICERS-TAKES NEW NAME American Cranberry Exchange meeting at New York, Api-il 28, elected officers for 1953 and voted officially to change the name to Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. During this, the 42nd meeting, which took place at the Park Sher- aton Hotel, a new slate of officers was elected. These are Theodore A GOOD BUY IN CRANBERRY BOG A large bog with dwelling and cottage. Fully equipped with trucks, screens, boxes, sand loader and general bog tools. Good flowage sand and drain- age. Can be partly financed. For details call THEO. THOMAS Carver 16-2 or 46-3 or WILLIAM H. HARRIMAN 46-3 H. Budd, Sr., Pemberton, N. J., president; Homer L. Gibbs, West Wareham, first vice- presi- dent, George Briggs, Plymouth, Mass., vice-president, and Harold S. DeLong, Mather, Wise, vice- president. Among board members re-elected were Enoch Bills, Bor- den town, N. J.; Thomas Darling- ton, Whitesbog, N. J.; Kenneth Garside, Duxbury, Mass., Robert C. Hammond, East Wareham; Tony Jonjak, Hayward, Misc., Charles I. Lewis, Shell Lake, Wise; Rus- sell Makepeace, Wareham, Mass.; and Clarence Searles, Wisconsin Rapids, Wise. Non-board members elected were Harold E. Bryant, New Bedford, executive vice-pres- ident, for the third time; E. Clyde McGrew, New Bedford, secretary, and Miss Kathryn F. Pratt, New Bedford, treasurer. All directors attended the meeting. Although the name of the Ex- change, whose headquarters are in New Bedford, Mass., has been in force since 1911, the directors who represent some 1,600 cranberry growers in five States and two Canadian provinces, felt the new name would be more in line with the product trade name. The American Cranberry Ex- change will be preserved for a separate corporation to retain cer- tain benefits. Three Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist I. I Frost Warnings The first general frost warning was released from the Cranberry Experiment Station on the eve- ning of April 20. Please note that this date avoided any conflict with the anual Spring meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation. Six frost warnings were sent out in April — the same num- ber released in April 1952. These figures include both afternoon and evening forecasts. No damage has been reported as of May 1. The telephone and radio frost warning services have been working smooth- ly. We have a few more sub- scribers than during the last two years, but have not reached our goal by any means. However, ap- plications are still being received. Bogs Well-Budded At the present time Massachu- setts bogs appear to be well budded and in fine condition. There is very little evidence of Winter injury or oxygen deficiency thanks to a very mild Winter. Water supplies are well above average and should be suff'icient to carry us through a normal Spring frost season. In other words, we could have a fine crop this Fall. Before we become too optimistic there are three ma- jor factors that could reduce crop prospects — insects, drought, and Fall frosts. Watch Out For Droughts, Insects Drought damage can be relieved if water supplies are available for more flash flooding and if we avoid the mistake of permitting our bogs to become too dry before using water. Fall frosts have not been too severe during the last few years. Actually, cranberry insects in many years take a greater toll of our crop than all the other fac- tors combined. As we enter the insect season, why not review Dr. Franklin's recent insect bulletins Four that he has so carefully prepared for growers? Then locate the old insect net — have it repaired and ready to check bogs for such early Spring pests as weevils, false army worms, blossom worms, spanworms, leafhoppers and fireworms. If we do a thorough job of controlling these insects in May and June, those that have a new or second brood seldom become a serious problem. If the County Agents or we at the Station can assist with insect identification and their con- trol, let us know. Weed Clinics Four weed clinics will have been held in Plymouth and Barnstable counties by the time the May issue of "Cranberries" reaches the growers. They were arranged by County Agents "Dom" Marini and "Red" Lane. Plots were set out about a week before the clinics, using various weed killers. Grow- ers had an opportunity to see the results of various weed treatments and also see duplicate plots set out demonstrating how the weed chemicals were applied. Since "Cranberries" had gone to press before these clinics were held, and since the material to be presented was so timely, we have a few notes from Dr. C. E. Cross that he plan- ned on stressing at these informal meetings. They are as follows: 1. Good drainage — the key to the success of any weed control pro- gram. 2. Good vine growth will dis- courage weeds. 3. Measure areas to be treated and amounts of chemicals to be used. 4. Complete general kerosene work by about May 12 on bogs drained of their Winter flood in March or early April. 5. Vines should not be disturbed for one week before and after the Kerosene treatment. 6. When treating cut (sickle), manor and cotton grasses follow- ing a late holding of the Winter flood (May 25) with kerosene, drain bogs and ditches, wait for three days, then spray kerosene during the next four days. Try to do this work when temperature is below 65 degrees. 7. The watering pot is still standard equipment for applying kerosene to small areas or for spot work. 8. Pitchforks (beggar ticks) are abundant this Spring and should be treated with iron sulfate as outlined in the weed charts. 9. Horsetail (marshtail) can be checked with a heavy application of kerosene applied about May 20 at the rate of 1,000 gallons per acre. There will be less vine in- jury if this work is done in late afternoon or evening, or when the temperature is below 65 degrees. "Spot" Gypsy Spraying Growers will be glad to learn that approximately 13,500 acres in Plymouth and Banrstable counties will be sprayed by plane this Spring. The( purpose is to treat the spots where gypsy moths were trapped last Summer. For every spot where a male moth was lo- cated, a half mile radius surround- ing it will be treated. This project should keep us relatively free from this pest for a fewi seasons at least. We still have hopes that neighbor- ing counties will join the aerial spray program before the treated areas become "reinfested with gypsies". KILL WEEDS AT LESS COST WITH AMSCO STODDARD SOLVENT | PROVIDENCE. R. I. Hopkins 370 Aliens Avenue 1-1300 BOSTON. MASS. Prospect «0 Foley Street . G-8100 CHICAGO. ILL. Andover 230 N. Michigan ,,, 3-3050 NEW YORK CITY Murray Hil! 155 E. 44th Street 2-6490 PHILADELPHIA, PA. Caldwell Lane Cunshohocken, Pa. C-1010 MILWAUKEE. WIS. Greenfield 1719 S. 83rd St. 6-2630 LOS ANGELES. Calif. SGOO S. Garfield Ave.Madison 1 South Gate, Calif. 9-2179 PORTLAND. ORE. Topaz S. W. Gibbs St. 2-8101 Service in 48 States AMERICAN MINERAL SPIRITS COMPANY Uprights and Fruit Buds Stressed at Jersey Meeting Importance of Honey Bees to Cranberry Growing Also Brought Out At Annual Session ; Ocean County Club — "Ed" Lipnian, new president. The Ocean County Cranberry Club held its annual meeting at Toms River April 14, electing Ed- ward V. Lipman, president, Daniel Me. Crabbe, vice-president, and Harold Haines, treasurer. "Bd" Lipman presided in the absence of retiring president. Archer Codding- ton, who was recuperating from a recent operation. Fort's Famous Slides Walter Fort presented his slides of cranberry insects following the seasonal program and pointing out the important features of develop- ment in the life of each insect pest and the time when they can best be controlled. The remarkable clarity of these colored pictures and the appropriate remarks made by Mr. Fort are well know to many growers. Fort opened and closed his talk by the statement that the important thing for the cranberry grower is the number of uprights which go into the fall season with fruit buds. Philip E. Marucci of the Experi- ment Station's Cranberry and Blue- berry Research Laboratory made some very interesting remarks about the use of honey bees on cranberry bogs. He pointed out that cranberry growers in New Jersey used far fewer bees than did growers of other crops which are dependent on insects for pollina- tion. Apple growers, for instance, use one hive per acre to produce less than one-tenth the number of fruits per acre than a cranberry bog yields. Hence cranberry grow- ers, using 1/5 hive per acre, are using only 1/5 as many bees to produce more than ten times as many fruits as teh apple growers; they are using 1/15 to 1/30 as many hives as the clover seed grower. Marucci went on to say that if the cranberry grower in- creased the amonut of bees to 1 hive per acre, the additional cost would be |6 per acre. This cost could be made up by about 18,000 additional berries per acre, if they are valued at $15 per barrel. In order to do this and earn her keep, each bee in a hive would have to visit sucessfully . . . only one cran- berry flower. These figures were presented to show how much the chances are in favor of the cran- berry grower for getting a profit from a small investment in bee rentals. (Continued on Page 23) ■^ ■" "It ain't no use putting up your umbrella 'til it rains." BUT you better buy that umbrella before it is needed. The same is pretty much true of insurance. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 ^^ This guy was standing in a bar one afternoon having a quiet drink, when a horse walked in and stepped up to the bar. The horse said to the bartender, "Give me a dry martini." The bartender said, "Okay," and started to mix it. The guy was dumb- founded . . . fascinated — a horse at a bar! He couldn't believe his eyes. The bar- tender finished mixing the drink and set it down in front of the horse and said, "Here ya are. Here's your martini." The horse said, "Wait a minute. Where's the olive?" The bartender said, "Oh, I'm sorry. Here's your olive." The horse said, "That's bet- ter," and drank the martini, paid, and left. The guy said, "Wow! That's strange!" "Oh no," said the bar- tender, "I often forget the olive. You know, that since machines like the Western Picker have taken all the drudgery out of Cranberry picking and other kinds of farm labor, all the horses and all the cranberry scoop- ers justi go around sulking all the time, thinking the world ain't treating 'em right." . (ADV) \U t^'''''""""""^^^^^^^ ISSUE OF MAY 1 953— VOL. 18 NO. 1 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Waieham. Massachusetts. Subscription. $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943. at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FSELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS Freak April Snow Storm Seems like Mother Nature is getting more childish, or skittish as she grows older, as abnormal weather continued through April. This included a totally unexpected snow storm on the night of the 13th, with as much as six or seven inches falling in the northern and inland areas of the cranberry dis- trict, with less on the Cape. Snow- plows were out again. An odd sight was presented on the morn- ing of the 14th with early spring flowers pushing up through the white stuff and the tender green on trees startling against the snowy background. April Continues Abnormal Rain April rainfall continued abnor- nrally heavy, there being 5.93 inches recorded at the East Ware- ham Cranberry Station. This brought the total to the year, since January first, to 27.14, with normal for the MiddJeboro-Ply- mouth-Hyannis area being 44.31. Long range U. S. weather fore- cast is for a wetter than normal May, also. There were scarcely more thaan a half dozen days during the entire month when there was not some rain during the 24 hours. For five consecutive week-ends, back into March there has been rain. Easy Spring on Frosts However, with the above-nor- mal rainfall and above-normal temperatures since the first of the year this has been an easy Spring so far on frosts. April averaged about a degree and a half a day above normal, the departure for the month (Boston) actually being plus 53. Departure since January first is plus 423 degrees. No April Damage Probable Only frost of the season which might have caused damage if there had not been water used was in the morning of the last day of April. Forecast was sent out for 21,22, but there were clouds in the early part of the night. Wind died out and there was clearing after 2 a. m. Growers reported nrini- mums of 23-24. Frost was definitely feared on the 14th after the snowfall, but a high wind continued and only 30 was reached at bogside, State bog. First warning of the season was put out for the night of April 20th, forecast being for 17-18 minimum, but the wind was kind again and blew. Second general warning was put out fori the night of the 28th as follows: "Harmful frost in colder locations, if wind dies out. Mini- mum 20 degrees." Again, however, the wind was benevolent and con- tinued to be around. May Starts in Rainy May started in, continuing the abnormally wet spell of weather. There was rain or traces of rain on every one of the first eight days of the month. Night of the 3rd brought a frost which found plenty of bogs reporting 22 and a number of 23 degree readings the following morning. With the vast amount of water around, bogs were well protected. As May be- gan, opinion at the Experiment Station was that there might be a very easy frost season, as no damage had been done in April. Weather Slowing Bog Work Growers were pretty well dis- gusted with the constant rain as it is interfering with all kinds of Spring bog work, although, of course, a fair anrount is being done — all they can do on the good days. Development About Normal Bogs, at end of the first week in May, were about normal in de- velopment, with the exception that those of Barnstable County were nearly as advanced as those of Plymouth County. Ocean waters are warmer than normal this Spring, and the Cape may again throw a relatively better crop than average. NEW JERSEY Frost Up until April 28 no frost warn- ings were necessary. On this date the bud.s on some early drawn bogs, especially Howes, were entering the swollen, white stage. Crop Indications Good So Far Many bogs were drawn early in April. Usually in New Jersey these bogs come through frost dangers well because the buds are "hard" and the blossom period is spread over more time than on bogs which are drawn May 10 or later. Of course, the early drawing invites yellow-headed fireworm and cran- berry fruitworm and should not be used for more than two years in succession. Generally the earlier Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin STURGEON BAY, WISCONSIN 1. Growers suplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation hy year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. set berries make larger crops. Up to the present the indications seem to be for a good crop in New Jersey. Replainting of bogs has been one of the helps toward a better crop. April Rainy, 5.48 Inches Weather for April, as previously, was excessively rainy, but was normal as to temperature. There were 15 rainy days, during which a total of 5.48 inches fell. This is 2.25 inches fore than normal. Tem- perature averaged 52 degrees with extremes of 30 on the 22nd and 87 on the 25th. Deivelopment About As Last Year By April end, plant development on cranberry bogs and on blueberry fields was at about the same stage as in 1952 at corresponding time. Dams Washed out Several dams have been washed out during the heavy Spring rain storms. It seems that increased muskrat activity may have a cer- tain connection with these wash- outs. iVIuskrat damage to dams has induced some growers to pay a bonus for all muskrat tails turned into them. About 60 acres of custom prun- ing by the Harrison pruning ma- chine has been done on the Theo- dore Budd bogs. Two of the larger growers are ready to carry out an extensive program of weed control with kerosene. WISCONSIN Lighter Budding in North Budding on Northern marshes seems to be lighter this year, as was to be expected because of large cropping last year. Those who did have this heavy production expect to be down a little in 1953. Additional Acreage Vernon Goldsworthy is planting 20 additional acres at his property at Three Lakes this Spring, and is putting in 15 acres for Doman at Manitowish. Geese Weeders Again Goldsworthy is continuing his trial of using geese for weeding purposes as he did last season. He thinks the practice is worthy of continuation. Russell A. Trufant of North Carver, Mass., in April put in one of his new straight-line pumps at the Goldsworthy marshes. Three Lakes, in the northern area. The 100 percent "self-suffi- cient" farms of a generation or m'ore ago now are a thing of the past. Today it takes 7 million tons of finished steel and 50 million tons of chemical materials to satis- fy the annual demand, of Ameri- can farmers. This represents more steel than is used of a year's out- put of passenger automobiles, and five times the amount of chemicals used by farmers in 1935. ATLANTIC WATER WHITE KEROSENE Pumped directly onto bog through a spray nozzle. • STODDARD SOLVENT PETROLEUM SALES & SERVICE, INC. Hedge Road - Plymouth, Mass. Phone Plymouth 1499 LABOR SAVING REVOLVING ; SPRINKLER f RAIN ABC" 'couplers & VALVES No hooks — No lalchcs! . . . portable one-man RGTO-RAIN cuts labor costs, saves water... assures bigger and better crops. Ideal for row crops, pastures, orchards. Aluminum or galvanized. Self-locking "ABC" COUPLERS and VALVES for speedy con- nections and control. Systems engineered to your needs. Other AMES Irrigalion Systems: PERF-O-RAIN low pressure sprinkling GATED PIPE for controlled furrow watering Also SYPHONS for furrows; SURFACE PIPE for flooding; TOW-A-LI NE power moves for pastures. See your Ames dealer or send coupon to nearest plant for helpful Illustrated folders. Free planning service. @ ^ OHH y^ o o o ...™^ ULR.nmESCo.Dept 150 Hooper St.. San Francisco, or 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa, Fla. Distributed by CHARLES W. HARRIS COMPANY 26 Somerset Ave., North Dighton, Mass. Send full information on systems checked: n Roto-Rain; D Perf-0-Rain; D Tow-A-Line; D Gated Pipe; D Syphons Name Address . ■ — Town Crops- _State_ _Acres_ «wi Your Massachusett dealers are: C. MORRIS WILLIAMS Hatchville, Mass. CHARLES H. REED 156 School Street Seekonk, Mass. |ev»;i MASSACHUSETTS GOVERNOR TO BECOME GROWER Hon. Christian A. Herter Guest Speaker At 2nd An- nan Meeting Of Cranberry Growers' Mutual — Distributors Discuss Marketing, Re-elect Nahum B. Morse President. By CLARENCE J. HALL "I have wanted for many years to grow cranberries myself," de- clared Christian A. Herter, Governor of Massachusetts and honored speaker at the second annual meeting- of Cranberry Growers' Mutual, Memorial Town Hall, Wareham, Saturday afternoon, April 18. He said affairs in Washington and elsewhere had prevented him from becoming a grower previously. Now he is laying the groundwork for an 18-acre bog at his farm in Millis, Middlesex county. The survey has been made by Walter E. Rowley of Wareham and the bog is to be built by Homer' F. Weston of Carver. The Governor was introduced by Representative (R) Alton H. Wor- rall of Wareham. Worrall said Mr. Herter is a man noted for his high aims in government. That he had served in the Massachusetts legislature, first in the House and then as speaker, later in Congress in Washington, and had taken leading parts in international matters. "He has decided to put Massachusetts back on its high pedestal, and he is going to do just that." Included in the Governor's party besides Ren. Worrall were Senator Edward C. Stone of Osterville. his military aid, Col. Richard H. Hop- kins of Falmouth, Harold C. Allen of Brockton, Executive Council member, and George C. P. Olsson, clerk of superior court, Plymouth, (the latter recently also having become a cranberry R-rower.) The Governor said he knew the group of about 300 at the meeting was interested primarily in cran- berries. He added, as a prospective grower and Executive of the lead- ing state in cranberry pi-oduction and a state in which cranberries are its chief export crop, "I am as eager as you are to see more pco- nle eating more cranberries, and I hope before long to become a mem- ber of vour association." Old Bog on Governor's Farm He went on to say that his farm at Millis had been bought from a family named Clark. The Clark family had lived there for 1.3 gen- erations. The only deed to the property was a royal grant made out to the original Clark owner. At some time a member of the family had cultivated cranberries on a portion of the property. Each Fall the Herter family, he con- tinued, were supplied with plenty of the fruit for their own use from the old planting. "If I can sur- mount the engineering problems of bog building I will be glad to con- tinue this cherished project of cranberry cultivation," he said. However, he added he was im- patient to wait four years for his first crop. He was confident that the State will do as much as a state properly can to help the in- dustry grow, possibly through the department of commerce. Eight Interested in Mass Tourist Business The remainder of his infoimal talk concerned his interest in road projects, and he mentioned the ma- rine fisheries and tourist trade of the Cape area. Resume of Mutual President Nahum B. Morse of East Freetown in his opening ad- dress recalled briefly why the Mu- tual had been formed. He said that in the Winter of 1951 there was much unrest and dissatisfac- tion among the growers. Growers, he continued, were repeatedly told by the "leaders," of the industry, heads, of co-ops and distributors that marketing was actually a "growers' problem," too. "We growers, or a group of us, accepted that challenge and after several preliminary meetings, starting with a group of ten, the Mutual was organized. "Our biggest problem was to re- build confidence in our own indus- try." For the better conditions to- day he believed the Mutual should be given a share of credit. The '51 market was improved and the '52 conditions were markedly bet- ter, and a good year for growers. But, he said, the aims of the Mu- tual should not be forgotten be- cause of these bettered times. Mutual Objectives He pointed out two particular objectives; one was for allocation between fresh and processed, for those growers who do not come under the Cranberry Growers' Council, (Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., and National Cranberry Associ- ation;) and the other that the Mu- tual, in some way, be able to pro- vide marketing information, to serve all growers and shippers. There should be a marketing news service and he hoped this might be carried out with the assistance of Extension Service. He recom- mended that a Mutual committee be set up for each purpose. Distributors Speak Representatives of various mar- keting agencies were then called upon. Orrin Colley, president of Cape Cod Cranberry Cooperative, de- clared growers were pretty well satisfied with the marketing of the last crop, and it was encouraging that most growers were now taking on marketing problems seriously. He said the National was doing a wonderful job of disposing of the processed end and that the fresh fruit can do as well. Many growers failed to compre- hend, he said, what stiff competi- tion cranberries have in the market today against other food products. The fight for the consumer's dollar is terrific and getting more so all the time. At a recent food con- vention he attended in New York 85 entirely new products were introduced. The average super- market stocks about 3,500 items, all of which are competitors of any other product. He declared he rather regretted the inactivation of the Fresh Fruit Institute. (The Cape Cod is a member of the Institute, and Mr. Colley, president.) Chairman Morse said he be- lieved a number of the independent disti'ibutors were disappointed over the fact they could no longer con- tribute to a general fresh fruit advertising fund. Ralph Thacher, representing Bea- ton's Distributing Agency, Ware- ham, said Beaton's will continue to try to get good returns for the grower and to provide quality fruit only. "This matter of quality fruit is becoming more and more im- portant." He said he would go along with Mr. Morse's suggestion as to a marketing information service by Mutual. Fresh Fruit Institute "Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., as the Exchange will be officially known after our annual meeting April 28, stands I'eady to cooperate with every and any group which is look- ing for constructive ways to im- prove the industry," said Harold E. Bryant, general manager of the fresh fruit co-op. He explained why ACE had felt it necessary to withdraw its support from the Fresh Fruit, as it was supplying 75 percent of tlic total funds of that organization. This was done solely because it was felt ACE's limited funds should be put into the advertising and merchandising use for Eatmor, but if the Fresli Fruit is re-activated it would re- ceive his support. "We will offer Governor Herter, seated, center, is shown at Ware'.iam Town Hall with (left) vice-president Ernest Shaw; right, president Nahum Morse, standing, left to right, secretary-treasurer Chester W. Robbins; Harold G. Allen, Governor's Council member, Rep. A. H. Worrall and Senator Edward C. Stone. (CRANBERRIES Photo) to cooperate to a limited extent if there is a desire for the Fresh Fruit to be continued." He would heartily approve of the Mutual setting up some form of allocation advise to independents and felt that would enable Eatmor to do a better job for the entire industry, if it knew in advance of marketing how many berries were going which way. Cranberries In Stiff Competition G. Howard Morse of Morse Brothers, Attleboro, continued the thought of Colley that cranberries are constantly getting into stiffer competition with other food pro- ducts. He said the Mutual could be of great benefit in attempting to make the average grower more conscious of marketing conditions and give him better understanding of the whole picture. M. L. Urann "You can't put all those 3,500 food items in one stomach at the same time," said M. L. Urann of NCA. We've got to fight to get our share of that stomach." He said the industry is positively headed for bigger crops. He told how this Easter market for canned sauce was bigger than the Thanksgiving market, referred to chicken and cranberry sauce for Father's Day menus, and said that NCA was concentrating on developing Spring and Summer mai'kets. He told briefly of his European trip and felt a market could defi- nitely be built up for Americans who traded at Government PX's and commissaries beyond its pres- ent situation. He said Ocean Spray was now available in all western Europe and North Africa. To an- swer a question, he believed not much could be done at present with the native European market, one reason being the poverty of the average European. There ^yas particular hope in the Scandinavian countries, and possibly for others when, and if, it became necessary to push sales in Europe, but that now concenti'ation should be on domestic. A subject brought up by Sec- retary Robbins and discussed at some length, was the matter of opening price. There was a dif- ference of opinion whether it was better to open at a lower price and then rise gradually to a peak about Thanksgiving time as has been the practice of American Cranberry Exchange for more than 40 years, and of others also, or to attempt to maintain a price which was rela- tively stable throughout the sea- son. Morse Re-elected President Off'icers were elected after a vote to change by-laws had been passed combining the office of secretary and treasurer. Those returned to office were: president, Mr. Morse; vice-president, Ernest L. Shaw, So. Carver; secretary, Chester W. Rob- bins, Onset. These and a board of directors (two new), in a plan of rotation are: Robert C. Hammond, East Wareham, Arthur Handy, Cataumet; Edward Heleen (new). Carver; John F. Shields, Oster- ville; Charles Savery, Cotuit; Louis Sherman, Plymouth; Alfred Pappi, Wareham and Lewis White, (new), Lakoville. Ninn Musical Interlude This meeting had a feature rather new to Massachusetts cran- berry programs, a musical inter- lude. Miss Marcia Sherman pla5'ed harp solos and there was siiigmg by the Junior Cabot Glee Club of Middleboro. President Moi'se dis- jilayed his vcrsitility by directing 1 he chorus. Introduced were Dr. Chester E. Cross, new director of the Experi- ment Station and his predecessor. Dr. H. J. Franklin. REPRESENTATIVES Dr. J. Harold Clarke has been selected, to represent Pacific Coun- ty (Washington) on a new ad- visory convmittee of the Western Washington Horticulturaal Com- mittee. Cecil Richards of Grayland is h's alternate. Gray's Harbor County growers have been asked to be represented on this committee also. The Grow- eis have nominated Norman Yock and suggested as alternate Pete Krebs, of the North Bay area. ^whdt iyou do it's the way y^g d© il Fertilizing Cranberry Bogs - For efficiency, even spread and economy, use the C & L Fertilizer Spreader. This spreader, mounted on a C & L Rake, makes a ten foot spread at each pass, with a speed of from two to six miles per hour, and a ratio of 100 to 500 lbs. per acre, according to adjustment of machine. Any type of fertilizer can be used in the machine. For further information, contact the C & L Equip- ment Company. We service and sell Scythettes, as well as parts for same. C & L EQOIPIVIENT COMPANY F. P. CRANDON 1209 Main Street Acushnet, Mass. Tel. No. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Acushnet, Mass. Tel. New Bedford .34332 TO MAKE RAIN EXPERIMENTS OVER WASHINGTON Weather bureau meteorologists April 1.3 began a year-long series of rain-making experiments in — of all places — southwestern Wash- ington. (This is the area of cran- berry growing in the Evergreen State, and normal raifall tliere is about the heaviest in the whole U. S.) "Not strange at all," says Fer- guson Ilall, director of the project. Southwestern Wa.shington was chof.cn for the experiments because of the, large number of rain clouds v.'hich mil in off the Pacific ocean there. Navy two-engined PV2 patrol planes from Sand Point Naval Air Station are exnected to log about ICOO hours while seeding the soupy skies. The meteorologists in the oxy- gen-equipped planes will seed the clouds with tiny particles of dry i e. The ice particles will attract thousands of tiny water drops. These turn to snow flakes and be- com'e rain as they fall. Hall says the experiments will use 104 rain guages in northwest- ern Oi-egon and Western Wa.shing- ton to enable them to compare rain- fall in the test areas with that in surrounding areas. One of the chocking points will be the North Head weather station. "We're not trying to make rain on a grand scale," Hall said. He says that later, a radar sta- tion near Hoquiam will be used to trace rain clouds. In the Fall, the weather bui'eau will experi- ment with silver iodide as well as dry ice. (The Tribune, Ilwaco, Washington.) The AAA says: One car il- lagally parked can create a bottle- neck in a whole line of traffic. When the sign says "No Parking," do not park! Restrictions on park- ing during busy hours are imjjosed for your benefit too. Very often a figth for justice ends in a quarrel for what is left. Ten Dr. Sailing addressing meeting. Seated to lel't are: Mih. Ruth Beaton, association treasuici; G. T. Beaton, secretary; Dr. H. F. Bergman; President Bartholomew. To right of speaker, Dr. Cross (CRANBERRIES Photo) Dean Sailing Principal Speaker at Cape Spring Meeting Announces Retirement of Dr. Bergman in Septem- ber, May Be Replaced by State Pathologist, Possible New Addition to Station — Hybrid "No. 31" to be Distributed — Equipment Display One of Best. Annual Spring meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associ- ation, Memorial Town Hall, Ware- ham, Saturday, April 11th, as has been the custom, was divided into three parts, commercial exhibit of cranberry equipment and supplies, business meeting and a speaking program arranged by Dr. C. E. Cross, director Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station and his staff. An extra feature thrown in this year and one of intense in- terest was the first Massachusetts showing of the colored slide col- lection of Walt Fort, general man- ager of Growers' Cranberry Com- pany of New Jersey. These, all taken by Mr. Fort show much magnified cranberry fiower buds and insects, views of bogs, aerial and ground shots of dusting. As he shows the slides Fort gives an extremely instructive discourse, explaining each picture. In the principal talk of the day. Dale H. Sieling, director of agricul- tural horticultural school, Univer- sity of Massachusetts, gave the first official announcement of the retirement of Dr. H. F. Bergman, U. S. senior pathologist next Sep- tember. Dr. Bergman has been associated with cranberries many years. Dr. Sieling- said it is plan- ned not to replace him with Fed- eral man, but the Massachusetts legislature is being asked to ci'eate a new position, occupant of which will undertake to continue the stud- ies Bergman has made. Funds are also being asked for an addition to the experiment Station at East Wareham. University Calls Upon Station Dr. Sieling continued it is the job of the University to help the cranberi-y industry in any way it can, and that at times the Univer- sity has had to call upon the indus- try for assistance. Men from the Cranberry Station had been of as- sistance with students at the school at Amherst. The School of Agriculture and Horticulture has grown in many activities exteremly important to the Commonwealth of the State. He referred to one instance, among others, that being the weekly "Down to Earth" TV program "emceed" by "Joe" Brown in charge of Plymouth County Extension Service. Peven Dr. Bergiiiaii Dr. Bergman told th«.' group that his appearance at that meeting would probably be his last official appearance at a cranberry meeting; that it had been a great pleasure to work with the cranberry grow- ers and he did not expect to lose contact with the industry. He then gave a brief talk on the applica- tion of fungicides to control fruit rot. He said it has been established that the use of fungicides during the flowering season is effective. After that there is no benefit. Some of the factors through which infection occurs have not been clearly established yet. One of these is the time required for infection. It is probably not less than 18 hours. It has always been assumed that moisture and high temperature were conductive. kain, has been considered as one of the more important factors. However, he has found that dew, fog or any condition containing high humidity is just as detrimen- tal. As a matter of fact, he believes that 1/100 or 2/100 of rain enables the fungus to develop. Oxygen de- ficiency aids infection. Large Crop Next Fall The mild weather of last Winter should have caused little oxygon defiiciency, and a large crop next Fall may reasonably be expected Bergman said. Director Cross, in conducting this portion of the meeting, told of the difficulties he was finding in following in the footsteps of Dr. Franklin, and, in seven months had come to realize fully the buiden of woi'k his predecessor. Tomlinson Outlines Projects He intioduced the members of TESTED AND PROVEN The Trufant Straight-Line Pump has now been tested in the laboratory of the Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and I am prepared to specify, from a choice of seven types and sizes of propellers, the one best suited for your particular location, and the speed at which it should be run, as well as the power required. Here are some sample results: 8.5 ft. head, 3100 RPM, 3000 GPM or 6 '/o acre-inches per hour. 7 ft. head, 3200 RPM, 2730 GPM, over 6 acre-inches per hour. 13 ft. head, 3200 RPM, 1900 GPM or 4 I/2 acre-inches per hour. All with less than 10 horse power, if an electric motor is used; 15 to 20 HP gasoline engine. This is the pump which is assembled above ground and lowered into a wet or dry trench thru the dike, without concrete work or sheeting — lowest installation cost of any such device. This is the pump which can be reversed in a few minutes to pump back;. The mass-produced working parts can be replaced in one- half hour. PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS In WISCONSIN see COLDSWORTH Y RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. liis staff, these including the more recent research workers, Prof. Wil- liam E. Tomlinson, Jr., new en- tomologist and Prof. John S. Bai- ley. This was the first appearance of Tomlinson before the growers' association. Tomlinson explained he had three main projects in mind for study for the immediate future. One was to find out how to derive more benefit for the growers from the useful insects who preyed upon those who injured cranberries; secondly, a study of the scale in- sect, particularly as applied to dry bogs, and, third the testing of the effects of some of the newer in- secticides upon all insects. He said it might turn out that the grow- ers have been "leaning too heav- ily" upon DDT. He wants to make a thorough study of the life history of the fruitworm, and it might prove the best time to attack this costly in- setc would be when it is still in the miller stage. The Beech Plum Again Prof. John S. Bailey, pomologist, who was transferred from Am- herst in December explained his duties which were to study small fruits other than cranberries. These fruits are strawberries, blue- berries, which many cranberry men grow, beach plums, which are located on the properties of some cranberry growers, and raspber- ries, the latter rather minor. He recalled how about ten years ago the beach plum was coming to the fore and then studies were dropped because of lack of funds, but now funds were available. (Dr. F. B. Chandler's discussion is contained in an article elsewhere in this issue.) Entire N. E. 'De-MothinK?" President E. L. Bartholomew, who presided over the business session of the meeting told of the need of gypsy moth conti'ol in Bristol and Norfolk counties, ad- jacent to Plymouth and Barnstable, which had been made free of this pest, but were now being reinfestcd because of lack of the wider con- trol. He said a repiesentative of the U. S. Government had told of a project in which every state in New England might be "de- mothed", which was the only logical way of controlling gypsies. Tw?lv» "Our association is going: to go right on fighting to eliminate gyp- sies," he said. "They injure not only our bogs but effete our tourist business when they attack trees so widely. We were free of gyp- sies and wq want to keep free." New Hybrid No. 31 He introduced the subject of new varieties of cranbeiries, and said the association has taken on the job of distributing these vines to growers. This is in charge of an association committee consisting of Ray Morse, chairman, Ralph Thacher and Arthur Handy. Mr. Morse spoke chiefly on a new promising variety, in addition to the previously announced "Stevens," "Wilcox" and "Beck- with", as hybrids of great possibility. This variety is at present called "No. 31," and is described as a cross of Early Black and Howes; excellent vines for scooping, up- rights, medium length, runners few and short; resistant to feeding by the leafhopper that spreads false blossom; I'ruit rot no more than Early Black or Howes; harvest season early, cup count 57-90, color red to very dark red; good to ex- cellent keeper, storage shrinkage less than Howes, yield greater than either Early Black or Howes. He said the committee had charge of selling, at nominal cost, a very few of these vines and wanted to spread this distribution in as many sections of the Massa- chusetts cranberry area as pos- sible, for study. Vines are to be sold with the restriction they are not to be re-sold or given to any other grower for the present. There are only 2 1/10 rods of the ".31", so far to be distributed, but there are more in New Jersey. Radio Frost Warnings Supplement Radio Frost Warnings Supplementary Massachusetts frost warning- takers now number 183 as against 187 last year, Cranberry Special- ist "Dick" Beattie said, but he ex- pected the number would increase after a few frosts arrived. Fi- nances were slightly above last year. He cautioned growers against sole reliance upon radio frost warnings, and that while these were higly desirable and use- I'ul, they were really supplementary to the telephone warnings direct to members subscribing to Frost Warning Service of the Cape Cod Association. Secretary G. T. Beaton told of the completion of the Dr. Henry J. Franklin room at the Station, where "Dr. Franklin is happily at work on his bee studies," and, as chairman of the committee which raised the funds, thanked all grow- ers who contributed more than $7,500 for the purpose. Noon buffet lunch was served by the Mom's and Dad's Club of East Wareham. Exhibit Exhibition of equipment, which was one of the best in the several years was opened at 9 a. m., with heavier equipment on the town hall lawn, the remainder in the (Continued on Page 16 This shows general view of the out-door exhibit (CRANBERRIES Photo) Thirteen STOP FRUIT ROTS W4> 'tk ^eis^eHaaiJe. DU PONT FERMATE ^thJl^atn ^ai4j(^icidt "Fermate" prevents blasting of cranberry blossoms and young berries, also prevents rot of the berries on the bushes or in storage. That is be- cause "Fermate" gives excellent control of fungus diseases of cranberries with minimum danger of burning or stunting of tender flov^^ers, leaves or fruits. Use "Fermate" in sprays or dusts to get better yields of clean fruit from every acre of bog. For most effective spray coverage and protection of the waxy foliage, add Du Pont Spreader-Sticker to the spray mixture. SEE YOUR DEALER for 'nil! information and su:)plles. A-k him also f«ir free bojklcti o' "Fermate," Du Pont Weed Kilkrs and otlier dependable Du Pont control products. Or write to l)n I'ont, Grasselli C h e m i c a 1 s Dcpt., Wilmington, Del. USE THESE IDEAL BRUSH KILLERS AMMATE Weed and Brush Killer sprayed on foliafi-e kills roots, tops and all, even of poison ivy. Spray it on stumps too, to prevent resprouting. Non-volatile, reduces to a minimum the hazard of damage by spray drift. DU PONT 2,4-D— 2, 4, .5-T Brush Killer— ideal combination of hormone-type brush killers. Kills as foliage spray or applied at the base of brush stems. On all chumu-als always follow dirt'i-tions for application. Where warning or caution utate- nicrils on use of the product are Kiven, read then) carefully. (OTBD Better Things for Better Living . . . through CHEMISTRY Fourte«a Vol. 18-No. 1 ISSUE OF MAY 1953 \^ ^l^omc^^mtM^^i^ DISTINGUISHED SPEAKERS APRIL could well go down in Massachu- setts cranberry history as the month of meetings, with distinguished speakers. The Governor of Massachusetts, Christian A. Herter gave an informal talk before the Mutual, Dean Dale H. Selling of the University of Massachusetts appeared at the Growers' Association gathering and Henry T. Broderick, State Commissioner of Agriculture before N. E. Cranberry Sales Company. All paid ernest tribute to cranberries, the leading export crop of Massachusetts. Especially noteworthy, of course, was the announcement of Governor Herter that he intends to become a cranberry grower himself. That reflects a bit of glory not only upon the cranberry men of the Bay State, but upon all cranberry operators. It's good for Massachusetts .^rowers to have such a statesman as Mr. Herter one of their number — not that any special executive favors are to be expected from a man of Gov. Herter's stature. But the mere fact the chief officer of the State picked out cranberries to grow on his farm. instead of some other crop is pleasing to the ego. "THE KING IS DEAD- LONG LIVE THE KING" TT'S going to seem very strange, indeed, not to hear that old standby name, "American Cranberry Exchange," any- more, except now and then from habit, or in reference to the past. But, we call it a wise move to make the new designation, "Eatmor Cranberries, Inc." As explained, it's far easier for the trade and the general public to have the trade name the same as the designation of the company. It's all too easy to forget who puts out what, in cranberries or anything, unless the name of the producer is tied in with the trade name of the product. The American Cranberry Exchange has had a long and honorable history in the cranberry fleld. Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., will live up to the same traditions. It's the same thing, anyhow, the name is changed, that's all. This is, perhaps an unnecessary note to add, but we are even more certain of the progress Eatmor will make after listening to the plain, farewell statements by General Manager Bryant at some of the recent cranberry meetings. CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin C. D. HAMMOND, Jr. Wisconsin Rapids, Vv^isconsin V^'ashington — Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Director Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS ass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Warehara, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton MORE ON MISUNDERSTANDING AS this issue starts a new volume year for CRANBERRIES, and we are on the subject of how easily misunderstandings do come about, it may do no harm to repeat what CRANBERRIES is. Only the other day we learned some growers still think CRANBERRIES may be affilated with ofie or the other of the two principal co-ops. It is not. CRANBERRIES is independent and the only general news publication of the industry. It attempts to play a neutral role between all co-ops and their members and the so-called independent growers and distributors, publishing whatever material seems most timely at the moment. Fifteen CONT * Cranberry Root Grishs ir Wh'ste Grubs * Poison Ivy * Chokeberry ir Wild Bean use SOLVAY PARA-D[CHLOROBENZENE The Massachusefts Cranberry Experimenf Station Charts recommend Piira-dichlorobenzene for treating Root Grubs, White Grubs, Chokeberry, Poison Ivy and Wild Bean. For best results, bogs shoidd be treated in April or early May. Ask for details. PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE FOR TREATING CRANBERRY BOGS is distributed by THE CRANBERRY TRADING POST • Onset, Mass. • Hanson, Mass. • North Harwich, Mass. SOLVAY PROCESS DIVISION Jljcd hemicol ALMED CHI MICAL & OVT CORPORATION 45 MILK STREET. BOSTON 9. MASS. Cape Spring Meeting (Continued from Page 13) basement. Growers began to gather promptly at opening hour attesting to the continued interest in cranberry mechanization. These included the following — everything fi'oni tiny bees to huge tractors: Non-commercial: a cai-efully- planned exhibit by the Experiment Station, Dr. Chandler in charge, which contained fruits of the new varieties, insects, literature ami soil testing tools. Outside: H. A. Suddard & Co., Kurd industrial engine and truck; "Joe" Hackett, North Hanovei-, ( ngines, pumps, power saws and sickle-bar mowers; C. & L. Equip- ment Company, (Frank Crandon and Herbert Leonard) Acushnet, prunei- and rake; H. R. Davis Com- pany, Boston, Oliver tractors with attachments; R. A. Tnifant, North Carver, truck with flowing equip- ment, Trufant flood gate, Trufant Straight-Line Pumps, etc., (inci- dentally, loaded foi- a trip to Wis- consin;) and Aetna Engineering Co., pumping equipment, Hanovei-. Inside the hall, Western Pickei', Louis Sherman in charge; Niagara Chemical Division, dust sprays and dusters, Charles H. Read in charge; Hayden Separator Company, Ware- ham, cranberry equipment, with E. C. St. Jacques and "Tom" Darling- ton of New Jersey to explain the new Darlington Picker; W. R. Ames Company of Florida and California, Roto-Rain and other sprinkler equipment; Stone and Forsyth Company, Cambridge, cranberry containers, "Dave" Stanley in charge; Merrim'ac Val- ley Apiaries, Billerica, bee colony rentals, with exhibit of live bees working between glass; Homelito C.oi-poartion, Allston, light-weight pumps, mist thrower, etc. Ameri- can Agricultural Chemical Co., North Weymouth, "Agrieo" fei'til- izer.s, Harold Eldredge in charge; Hincks Farm Machinery Company, West Barnstable, Planet, Jr., gar- den tractors, etc., Frank C. Hincks, Ji'., Busy Bee Farm, North Abing- ton, bee colony rentals, Lewis Kon- ces, Prop; Blue Hills Apiaries, Mat- tapan, bee crop pollination service (and distributing samples of cran- berry honey), Leonard H. Smith in charge; Eastern Farmers' Ex- (Cnnliniipd on PaRO 18) Sixteen DRAINAGE by Dr. F. B. Chandler Damage From Poor Drain- age Often Difficult To Dis- cover At Once — How Can Improvements Be Made? (Author's Note: C. J. Hall asked for a copy of the talk presented at the Spring Meeting of The Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. That talk in- cluded a number of comments which were not on the subject of drainage and they are not included here.) For a number of years I have had demonstrations at the Spring meetings of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association on drainag'e and have talked on the subject dur- ing the afternoon meetings. This year you saw a different group of exhibits but they emphasized the need for a better understanding of drainage and the need for improv- ing drainage in most bogs. I con- tinue to brin^ this problem to you because it seems to me to be a very important one. Drainage is often thought of as a difference in elevation but dif- ference in elevation only removes surface water or ditch water. To- day I want to talk about land drain- age, the removal of the excess or gravitational water from the soil. Gravitational water is not used by the plant and if it remains in the soil it prevents root development or may even kill the roots which have developed. Holding the frost flow for three nights and two days in 1952 killed nearly all of the new roots. :ai»i Hard to Distinguish I can understand why it is dif- ficult for you to realize the im- portance of drainage. We do not recognize injury unless it is very evident at the time. We are also often unable to distinguish between cause and effect if the evidence of injury does not occur until some time after the damage. When you have injury from fruit worm it is very evident — it can be seen with- out going onto the bog. The injury from poor drainage is not evident at the same time without studying the roots carefully — you can see the injury only with a microscope. Let us make another comparison witli the fruit worm injury — you had a berry and you lost it. Poor drainage may just retard growth and fnaiting, and we do not feel we have lost that which we did not have. The roots of all plants must have air and nearly all plants get the air from the spaces in the soil. If these spaces are filled with water there can be no air in the soil. Without air in the soil new roots cannot develop. I have studied drainage in a num- ber of bogs in the state and the bogs with good drainage have high yields while those with poor drain- age usually have low yields. My observations of drainage have been made in only three of the princi- pal growing regions, New Jersey, Massachusetts and Wisconsin. New Jersey soils are the poorest in drainage and Wisconsin the best, and the state average annual production per acre is in the same order. How Well Do Cranberries "Love" Water? In the wild, cranberries are found in swamps and they must be there because they can survive better than other plants under con- ditions in the swamp. Many peo- ple have taken this to mean that cranberries love a lot of water but it may be that cranberries can sur- vive the weed competition in the bogs and they are able to tolerate the very wet situation. We must Top — Diagram of Cianberry root growth. Left — Poor drainage. Original set dead at the bottom. Roots only at the top and they arei badly damaged during harvest. Right good drainage. Original set alive. Roots through entire sand layer and little or no damage results at harvest. Bottom — Diagram of greatly enlarged root ends. Left, injury from hold- ing water on bog after root growth has started. The new growth has turned brown. Right, uninjured roots are transparent. (Photos by the Author) Seventeen remember that a close relative of the cranberry, the high-bush blue- berry, is considered a swamp plant, yet it is cultivated in low or moist uplands. The higrh-bush blueberry is considered a plant that liices a lot of moisture but one that must have good drainage. Why do we have poor drainage in cranberry bogs ? A great deal of the peat in Massachusetts is very well decomposed and tightly packed so that little or no water can be drained through it. Therefore the drainage must be accomplished in the sand layer at the top. This is probably the best reason for apply- ing sand before setting the vines in a new bog. If the sand has too much fine material the layer will pack and poor drainage will result. Most all of the sand which has been analyzed so far has one to two percent of clay and the sands with a large amount of "fines" us- ually have three or four percent clay. This amount of clay with fine and very fine sand is enough to make drainage very poor. (Fine sand was illustrated in Cranberries, September 1952, P. 6). What are the signs of poor drain- age? Dr. Bergman has just told you that a^ blossom time a wet bog- floor resulting from poor drainage greatly increased rot. Slow growth and thin vines are often the result of poor drainage. It has been men- tioned earlier that many of the bogs with poor drainage had small crops year after year. The most conspicuous sign of poor drainage is browning and drying up of up- rights particularly in the low spots and in the center of the sections. How Can Poor Drainage Be Improved How can poor drainage be im proved ? In new bogs the surface of the bog may be sloped toward the ditches. Also tile or other blind ditches may be built into the bog The improvement of drainage or old bogs is not as simple and ma> cost more. In old bogs new dit'jhes may be dug between the original ones. The new ditches may be left open or they may have gravel put in the bottom, then tile with more gravel on top and the cranberry sod placed on the surface to give a blind ditch. The most hopeful method has been used only experi- mentaly. This consists of pulling Eighteen perforated plastic tubing into the soil with a mole plow. The improvement of drainage on cranberry bogs may wash away 25 lo 50 cents worth of fertilizer per acre, it will increase the need for irrigation, it will permit irrigation by putting water over the surface, it will decrease rots, it will give bettor vino growth and increase crops and reduce the weed problems. DR. AND MRS. FRANKLIN HONORED GUESTS AT UNIVERSITY OF MASS. Dr. and Mrs. Henry J. Franklin were among those honored at a dinner at Butterfield House, Uni- versity of Massachusetts, Amherst, on the evening of April 11th. This is an annual event sponsored by the "'Faculty Women," of the University for those who have retired from the University facul- ty during the past year, as has Dr. Franklin from the Experiment Sta- tion. About 200 attended. Cape Spring Meeting (Continued from Page 16) change, Springfield. A home-designed devise, a self- propelled sand truck, developed by Earl Ricker of Duxbury was view- ed with interest. This is not being manufactured for sale. Top- — Poor land dramage. The stake is at the end ot a tile drain. There is a nine in fall in three feet yet water is standing on the surface at the right. Bottom — With poor land drainage water stands on the surface after a rain — see thin vine to the left and right center. With good land drainage normal rainfall will drain out of the soil as fast as it falls to the ground. (Photos by the Author) American Cranberry Exchange Now ''EATMOR Cranberries, Inc n Henry T. Broderick, guest speaker, Mass. Commissioner of Agriculture, at Annual Meeting of N. E. Cranberry Sales Co., is shown (left), with Mrs. Broderick, president Homer Gibbs and General Man- ager "Bill" Blake. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Change in Name Announced At Annual Meeting of N. E. Cranberry Sales Co. — Makepeace, Resigning As Treasurer of Co-op, Recommends L. A. Blake Who is Now Successor — Homer Gibbs Re-elected President. The American Cranberry Ex- change, that long-time sturdy pil- lar of the industry, in the future is to be Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. This decision of the directors to make the name change was first publicly announced at the annual meeting of the New England Cran- berry Sales Company, April 16 at Carver. The change was made, it was explained hy Stanley Benson, to take fuller advantage of the famed trademark "Eatmor Cran- berries," as som'etimes the trade and consumers do not associate the designation "Eatmor" with the Exchange. Also announced was the resigna- tion of John C. Makepeace of Wareham as treasurer of New England, he having held that post through the recent difficult finan- cial years of the cooperative; and in his resignation he strongly urged the election of L. A. Blake, new general manager of the co-op as his successor. Mr. Blake assumes that position. Mr. Makepeace felt with the improvement of N. E. he was no longer needed and could get back more to his own business. Featured speaker was Henry T. Broderick, Massachusetts Com- missioner of Agriculture, who gave his addxess at a chicken pie sup- per at Sons of Veteran's hall, pre- ceding the business meeting at Carver Tovm Hall. This was an e'vening meeting, an innovation suggested by Blake, who said he thought it might work out better than the usual day session, but in his talk, said it had met with dis- approval by some members and ra'ight or might not be continued. There was, however, a much larger attendance than usual. "More Volume" Is Need A statement by Harold, E. Bryant, Eatmor general man- ager, that the co-op is to drive this year for increased volume of berries through increased member- ship the various state units, and recognition of the fact that New England is making a vast improve- Nlneieeo ment in its financial status were the other highlights of the evening. President Gibbs' Address "This is our 46th annual meet- ing. There nrust be, indeed, some- thing good in the New England Cranberry Sales Co. that has lasted so long through the lean and fat years. You members know what that good is. Banding together co- operatively to grade, pack and ship our berries and to obtain a uni- formity in those lines. To keep abreast of the times in screening your berries and improving pack- ages and packaging. Without the New England Ci-anberry Sales where would we have been? "The past year has been most encouraging. We can now see the sun and everywhere you note the returning enthusiasm by the amount of work being done to bring bogs back to their prime. "The Sales Co. has been working steadily on its financial standing with many directors and, executive meetings and it is with a great sense of pride that I say we've come a long way since a year ago. I want at this time, to say that we thank Mr. Makepeace ni'ost sin- cerely for all that he had done for the Sales Co. I also want to ex- press my appreciation to Miss Pit- man and Mr. Harlow who have been so untiring in getting many, many reports and data for our use. Also, I want to commend all the other employees including the packing-house foremen for their efforts the past year. And last but not least I want to say that Mr. Blake, your manager, is taking hold and will make a fine exec- utive. (Editor's note: — An interesting address by E. C. McGrew, intended to be used in most part in this issue, is held over for the next due to lack of space.) Company Gaining Financially H. C. Ellis, N. E. auditor, read the treasurer's statement. He pointed out that the indebtedness of the campany has been reduced from $640,700.00 of March 31, 19.50 to $175,018.14 this year and that there are no borrowing for current operations outstanding. He gave total assets as $886,044.07; borry sales from 1952 crop as 54:,437,525 tobls. netting $1,098,- 453.72, plus receipts from NCA for processed berries of $298,- 779.87. The allocations of the Council w.rc closely followed by N. E., said Miss Sue A. Pitman, executive vice-presid.^nt, and the N. E. had VEG-ACRE-FARiS es pleases to mmj^.^ HAYDEN SEPARATf mriTi,, — is appointed to engineer, sell and service all new installations for cranberry bogs and farms, using the same sprinkler irrigation as heretofore, namely , . + FLEX-0-SEAL PORTABLE PIPE + RAINBIRD SPRINKLER HEADS * PUMPING UNITS + SUCTION AND DISCHARGE FITTINGS VEG-ACRE FARMS, IRRIGATION DIV. Forestdale, Cape Cp-, Mass., HAYDEN SEPARATOR MFG. CO. - Wareham, Mass. no complaints from the Exchange as to quality. She said she be- lieved the success of last year's marketing resulted from the ACE marketing plan. Of the fi-esh fruit 40 percent went in window boxes and 60 in cello bags. N. E. has so far returned to members $13.10 a barrel with 815.10 in the top sub- division. Blake Points Out Price Rise Increase in returns to members during the past three years was pointed out by Mr. Blake. He said the fresh fruit brought $9.44 in 1950; canned $9.29; '51, fresh, 815.12; processed $13.00; '52, $20.25 fresh and processed $11.00. Last year was a small volume year and New England was set up to handle much more fruit. A greater net can obviously be re- turned, with bigger volume, he said. In the few months he has been with New England he has found it a fine organization, and he was working out defiinite plans for "streamlining" some of the screenhous operations which would result, he was sure, in greater economies. He expressed gratification for assistance by the Experiment Station staff, especially to Dr. Chandler, with whom he had worked closely to improve keep- ing quality of fruit. "Winmor" Campaign Startling Some sales campaign that would "startle the trade and the house- wife," was needed last fall to stimulate fresh fruit sales, de- clared Lloyd Williams, ACE mer- chandising manager. This proved to be the successful "Operations Winmor," which aimed at not only the consumer and retailers but the brokers, as well. There was ab- solutely nothing new in a prize contest, he said, this being as old as the hills for many lines, but it was new for cranberries and the fresh fruit trade and stirred up tremendous interest. Something more effective even will be devel- oped for this fall, he continued, Eatmor working in conjunction with its new advertising agency, ChanTbers and Wiswall. A by-product of the campaign, he added, was an inclination to be- lieve that 29 cents a pound for fresh fruit is not the top limit, as many hithertofore believed. Twenty Stanley Benson, besides announc- ing the change-over in name of American Cranberry Exchange, ex- plained how the organization staff put in each month of the year i'l various activities. Miss Kathryn F. Pratt, treasur- er for many years, gave a report of finances. Wanted, More Volume — Bryant General Manager Bryant force- fully stressed the need for more volume in the Eatmor organiza- tion. "We want more members. We want more berries, then we can do a better job for you." Two years ago the main objective was to obtain stability, last year it was a successful marketing program, this year it is "Volume." He then reiterated to the mem- bers that the administration of the Eatmor was "sincere" and "frank." He said, "We will make mistakes, we have made mistakes. But we must make changes to conform with changing conditions. We must go ahead and we will. We will keep you informed." He then explained the position of Eatmor and the "Cranberry World." He said this attitude has at times been critical, adversely so, and probably would be again. "At tinres," he said, "we have criti- cized the National and its policies, a«c fresh fruit competition. But," he concluded, "this is always a criticism of policies which we think are wrong, and not of per- sonalities." Election of oflfcers and directors followed. Results were: President, Homer L. Gibbs, West Wareham ; executive vice-presi- dent. Miss Pitman; first vice-pres- ident, George L. Briggs, Plymouth; second vice-president, Robert G'. Hammond, East Wareham; treas- urer, L. A. Blake; assistant treas- urer. Miss Pitman; general man- ager, Mr. Blake. Directors to Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., Messrs, Gibbs, Briggs and Hammond. To Cranberry Growers' Council, Mr. Gibbs. Directors elected for the new year were as follows: District No. 1 (Duxbury, Han- son, Kingston, Marshfield, Pem- broke, Plympton) Fred L. Bailey, Arthur H. Chandler, Paul E. Thompson. \\niUmifudL CRANBERRIES THIS IS OUR SIXTH YEAR. ASK THE GROWER WHO BELONGS. THEN SEE US FOR ECONOMY, FOR SERVICES, FOR TECHNICAL GROWING ADVICES, AND FOR EFFECTIVE SALES. Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN TO CONTROL CRANBERRY FRUIT WORM. USE ROTENONE and RYAN/A ADEQUATE STOCKS AVAILABLE Twenty-one District No. 2 , (Plymouth)— George Briggs, Ernest C. Ellis, Robert C. Hammond, Percy H. Marsh, Francis H. Phillips. District No. 3 (Carver)— E. W. Burgess, Frank H. Cole, Homer L. Gibbs, Ruel S. Gibbs, Carroll D. Griffith, Robert E. Hill, Russell A. Trufant, Herbert J. Vaughan, Homer F. Weston, H. F. Whiting. District No. 5 — (Assonet, Free- town, Lakeville, Marion, Rochester, and Taunton) — Arthur D. Benson, Herbert E. Dustin, Walter Heleen, Nahum B. Morse. District No. 6 (Wareham) — Chester E. Cross, Joseph L. Kel- ley, Walter E. Rowley. District No. 7 (Barnstable Coun- ty)— J. Foxeroft Carleton, Louis A. Crowell, William E. Crowell, Fred S. Jenkins, Victor E. Leeman. CROP OF 950,000 BBLS. MAY BE IN MAKING FOR 1953 At the Cape meetings, Dr. Cross ventured his opinion of what might be expected in crop size next fall — as it appeared then. Barring ex- cessive frost injury, he said he LOOK— STUDY! THE 5 POINTS LISTED BELOW. They tell you why you can have confidence in us • Nationwide Distribution for Cape Cod Cranberries O Aggressive sales planning and control • Efficient and economical operations • Simplified accounting — prompt payments • Cooperating with other agencies to correct present weaknesses of the cranberry industry. —•— MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 17 Court Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 could foresee a production of about 950,000 barrels for the country. "Last year," he explained, "rain in March, April, May and early June left Massachusetts bogs in a lush, green, vigorous and tender growth. I look for a similar con- dition this year. The drought did not seem to bother the Cape as much last year as the mainland, so perhaps the Cape proper is in for another bigger than usual pro- duction. "Dr. Franklin foresees the pos- sibility of a wetter than normal summer, and this would increase berry size." As for New Jersey, he continued, consistently larger crops may be expected there for the next five years, at least. This is due to bet- ter bog management. "There is new acreage in Wis- consin, and while pollinators may have been injured unduly by the use of insecticides that State may be counted upon to average per- haps 250,000 bbls. quite regularly, beginning possibly with this year. Wisconsin may have its biggest yield ever, next Fall." He pointed out the West Coast is gaining in yield all the time. Returning to Massachusetts he said he looked for 550,000 bbls., as an average and this year this could go to 650,000. He stressed the fact Massachusetts production has doubled, since Dr. Franklin be- gan his studies at the Station, on practically the same acreage. He stressed as advantages for this year the open, mild winter, plus the possibilities of a wetter sum- mer. USE AGRICO ; tor Cranberries A QUALITY FERTILIZER FOR A QUALITY CROP For fhe name of your nearby Agrico Agent Call or Write The AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO. North Weymou'lh. Mass. or Harold L. Eldridge, 64 Gibbs Ave., Wareham, Mass. Telephone Weymouth 9-2640 Tel. Whm. 168-W Twenty-two Growers' Co., Jersey Has Annual Meeting The 58th annual meeting of the Growers Cranberry Company was held at Pemberton, April 21st. A large representation of member- ship was present to hear the an- nual reports and elect officers for the new year. Harold E. Bryant and E. Clyde McGrew of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. were present and reported on the success of Eatmor's 1952 sales and merchandising program and the plans for 1953. The followirig were elected as officers for the new year:Theodore H. Budd, Sr., president; Vincent Thompson, 1st vice - president; Thomas B. Darlington, 2nd vice- president, and Walter Z. Fort, sec- retary-treasurer. Rogers Brick was elected as the New Jersey delegate to the Na- tional Cranberry Association and Messrs. Budd and Darlington were elected delegates to Eatmor Cran- berries, Inc. Mr. Budd was also elected as the delegate to the Cranberry Growers' Council. About 70 percent of the member- ship voted at the meeting. Members of the New Jersey Cranberry - Blueberry Experiment Station staff attended the dinner meeting as guests of the Growers Cranberry Company. Uprights and Fruit Buds (Continued from pa^e 5) Charles Doehlert of the Cran- berry and Blueberry Laboratory reviewed some new figures taken during a fertilizer experiment on an old bog, which was replanted first in 1924 and again in 1947 (Early Blacks). Because of a num- ber of unfavorable experiences with replanted bogs, it was ex- pected that this bog might pos- sibly be a low yielder. Although the percent of fruit rot was high in this first crop of 1952, the heavy set of fruits promises that the bog may become a good producer. Some of the interesting facts which Doelhert pointed out were:- 1. High yielding areas prod.uc- ing over 200 berries to the square foot had uprights varying all the way from 300 to 600 per square foot. 2. Four-fifths of the crop was borne on uprights having 3, 4, or 5 flowers. On this bog the number of 1-flower and 2-flower uprights, or 6-flower and 7-flower uprights was unimportant so far as the production of crop was concerned. 3. This was true even though 1 and 2-flower uprights averaged .6 berry, and 3, 4 and 5-flower up- rights averaged 1 berry, and 6 and 7-flower uprights averaged 2.3 berries. 4. Pollination on this bog was strikingly high regardless of whethei' an area produced less than SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE NEEDS OF CRANBERRY GROWERS BUILDING MATERIALS of All Types REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER In Stock E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Foot Cambridge St. Middleboro, Mass. Phone 1123 Middleboro Road East Freetown, Mass. Phone No. Roch. 75 HELICOPTER PEST CONTROL DUSTING AND SPRAYING Miqqins nit m 'ins niru/aus NORWOOD, MASS. RAY MORSE. Agent Tel. Wareham 405-W4 Twenty-three aO' Full Floating Reel 16' Rolary Snow Thrower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. Marine Appliance Co. South Water Street Nantucket, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 StaflFord Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. lui wAutNaxoN snutu 200 berries per square foot or more than 250 berries per square foot. Without relation to yield, 45 per- cent of the flowers matured ber- ries to red ripeness. It would be in- teresting to learn whether this was due to an accident of perfect weath- er for bee activity and pollination, or to the scarcity of wild bloom, or to some vigor of the young plants which made the cranberry bloom especially attractive. Per- haps it was combination of all three. 5. The old cranberry growers' rule of one ripe berry per square foot equalling one barrel of cran- berries per acre was upheld in these records. The berries aver- aged the weight of practically one gram per berry. By computation, 100 such berries per square foot BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF for over a quarter century in United States and Canada WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 130 or 970 TIME IS MONEY! MAY IS A BUSY MONTH ELECTRICITY Will .save you time and money — In your home, in your bog work. Plymoufh County Elecfric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 Twenty- four Less Expensive . . . Your bog sanding and general maintainance problems are less with would be equivalent to 96 barrels (100 pounds each) per acre. 6. The most outstanding fea- ture in all the data taken in this experiment was that the areas yielding less than 200 barrels per square foot had carried bloom on 22 percent of their uprights. On the other hand, areas yielding more than 250 berries per square foot had carried bloom on 32 pei'cent of their uprights. Examination of all the factors of production that were studied, indicated, that no other factor approached the importance of the percentage of uprights which bloom. It seemed very striking that while Fort and Doehlert had no knowledge at all of what the other man was going to talk about, they should both concentrate their main emphasis on the importance of the percentage of uprights with fruit buds. A similar meeting was beina- planned by Agricultural Agent ' ^^^^^^^^——i ^^^^^^^-^^^-^—— ^— Daniel Kensler for the cranberry growers of Burlington County on the evening of May 7th. International H^l Harvester Farmall Cubs and their Matched Equipment FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 LEADERSHIP There must be LEADERSHIP in ANY industry, — some individual or organization that SETS THE PACE and that others NECESSARILY follow. Leadership involves RESPONSIBILITIES, but it also brings ADVANTAGES. IT IS GOOD BUSINESS to be in the van and enjoy these advantages. Many of the foremost growers of cranberries have PROVED this to their satisfaction. It is safe to follow their example, — to add your strength to theirs for the good of the industry upon which your success depends. Eatmor ^ Cranberries New England Cranberry Sales Company (The Cranberry Cooperative) Telephone 200 9 Station Street, Middle boro, Mass. SELLMOR with EATMOR Distributors and growers alike are finding that the Eatmor fresh cranberry sales program is the key to more effective merchandising and larger dollar returns. Watch for the exciting details of our 1953 sales and merchandising plan. EATMOR CRANBERRIES, Inc. The only nationally advertised name in fresh cranberries. 5 South Sixth Street New Bedford, Mass. SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COO NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON Cranberry Queen and He&vyweight Boxing Champion (See Pag-e S) 30 Cents JUNE 1953 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard E ectric Company Oflfices: Chatham FalmoLiih Hyannis Provincetown Vin< yard Haven BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES Expert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers Gnd Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS Hall & Cole Established 184S Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 91 Fanouil ITall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Esiate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS PUMPS DUSTERS AND SPRAYERS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SEPARATORS - AND CONVEYORS The Nationa Ba Conveniently locatec nk of Wareham for Cranberry men Funds always avaiU ible for sound loans Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. 626 Complete Bai iking Service Member Federal Dep OBit insurance Corp. CLASSIFIED DIRECTORY HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass, Tel. AR 5-6100, 5-6101 FORD INDUSTRSAL POWER UNETS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 CHRYSLER Industriai Engines "HORSEPOWER WITH A PEDIGREE" POWER UNITS CLUTCHES & TAKE-OFFS GENERAL INDUSTRIAL PARTS & SERVICE Immediate Deliveries See Your Local Pump Dealer WALTER H. MORETON CORP. 9 Commercial Ave. Cambridge, Mass. Elliot 4-7891 INSECTICIDES CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York • • • "cranberries" was the original and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. • • • AUTO Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 63-R SERVICES SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. LOANS THE NATIONAL FARM LOAN ASSOCIATION of Bridgewater 2 Central Square Bridgewater, Mass. Federal Land Bank Loans 41/!:% Long Term. Tel. 5377 Classified Directory (Cont.) CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J.&J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 FOR SALE Cranberry Bog 7 acres Howes 5 acres Blacks Screen house full cellar Good sand goodl equipment Priced right Many other bog properties for sale THEO. THOMAS Carver 16-2 or 46-3 or WILLIAM H. HARRIMAN 46-3 Attention Growers!! for your Spring weed control we offer water white kerosene "GRADE A" metered trucks Stoddard Solvent SUPERIOR FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. tel. 93-J J. W. Hurley Co. • COAL • NEW ENGLAND COKE • FUEL OIL Water White -KEROSENE- For BOGS (METERED TRUCKS) 24— hour Fuel Oil Service Telephone 24-2 149 Main St. WAREHAM U0^^ WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. - INC. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R HONEY BEES for POLLINATION Be sure of a good "set" on your bogs year after year with suffi- cient bee colonies. Your yield is in direct propor- tion to the number of pollinators present in your bog during bloom. BEE COLONY RENTALS Phone or write for information or service. The BLUE HILLS APIARIES 68 ROCKDALE STREET Mattapan (Boston), Mass. CU 6-2582 AV 2-1087 SHAW & THOMAS Grower's Service Ditch Cleaning - Sanding Prontend Loader - Building Mowing - Renovating P. E. SHAW J. E. THOMAS 37-11 Telephone Carver 8-11 CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. 46-.5 North Cai-vcr, Mass. POLLINATION 100 Strong double decker col- onies of bees for rent. Orders taken now. Bee-Wise and get an extra 10 barrels of berries per acre by using strong colonies of bees. LEWIS KONCES 612 Pond Street So. Weymouth, Mass. Tel. Weymouth 9-3811-W Two OUR COVER For our cover photo this month it seemed appropriate to select that of Miss Joy Reese of Harwich- . port, national cranberry queen, and ■"Rocky" Marciano of Brockton, |.' who recently successfully defended ! his world heavyweight boxing ti- '■ tie. Both came from cranberry- growing- Southeastern Massachu- setts. Both are champions. This mutual congratulation pho- to was taken at the Waldoi-f- Astoj'ia in New York, May 28th, at the father's day luncheon. Mar- ciano was named as "Sport's Fa- ther" of the year by the National Father's Day committee because of his "sincerity, good sportsmanship, clean living and fine patriotic fer- vor." Miss Reese, in making the ' trip to New York, besid.es visiting the Waldorf-Astoria program, went ; through Good Housekeeping In- stitute, went to a theatre and did isomo sight-seeing. ipregon Cranberry Festival to Be October 16-17 Decision has been made that the two-day Oregon Cranberry Fes- tival will be held Friday and Sat- urday, October 16 and 17. Other plans, although at present tenta- ■ tive, were made at a meeting of members of the Bandon Cranberry Festival Association, meeting with ,' growers attending. , - -The meeting was conducted by ; the new president, Betty Allen. I Mrs. Martin Kranick was elected ; secretary. ' The annual Cranberry Bowl gam,e will be between Coquille and Bandon in an afternoon contest. The Bandon Honre Extension Serv- ice is again being asked to take charge of the Cranberry Fair. Merchants are being asked to contribute with window displays, f which will be based on a cranberry ; jtheme. Mrs. L. M. Kranick is chair- ■ ■man of window displays. Parad.e will include participation of the schools as last year. Harry Jenson is chairman of this, assisted by Albert Martin and Leslie Mc- Donald. Thei'e will be a special children's section. '' In the queen contest seven girls will be chosen princesses, one of ■ these to be eventually selected to wear the crown. Each girl is spon- sored by an organization of the Advantages of Fresh Fruit Sales Outweigh Those of Processed — George Briggs, Mass. A bright futrre for fresh cranberries is predicted by George Briggs of Plymouth, Massachusetts, one of Cape Cod's leading cranberry growers. Although both methods of selling — processing and fresh fruit — are vital to the industry, Briggs believes that over a period of years, the advantages of selling fresh fruit outweigh the advantages of selling to processors. For one thing, Briggs says the grower gets quick cash returns and doesn't have to wait ten or twelve months for the final returns on his crop. The money is ready and available for early spring and fall work on the bogs, thus relieving some of the heavy operating capital requirements, a factor which has become of increasing importance to growers in recent years. Briggs believes a proper balance must always be maintained between processing and fresh fruit. There have been too many cases, he says, where growers have come out at the short end of the horn when control of their product war- dominated by one oi'ganization. We don't want to see this happen in the cranberry industry. Looking back over the past seasons, Briggs notes that the good years for cranberry growers have been years of good retuins for fresh fruit. Despite the tonnage handled by processors, fresh fruit has been the key to success or failure of the industry. Low prices for canned cranberries have meant low prices for fresh cranberries, while good prices for fresh fruit have meant better returns for all cranbery gowers. In looking at the future, Briggs sees endless opportunities for increasing the consumption of fresh cranberries. One is through the superior flavor and taste appeal of the fresh product, qualities which can never be equalled by any processed commodity. Most cranberry growers, he observes, the people who should know, prefer fresh cran- berries to the canned product. He is sure other people will come to the same opinion once they have tried the two products side by side. Bi-iggs is encouraged by the increased returns for fresh fruit last season and feels that promotion of fresh cranberries for home freezing has much to ofi'er for the future. This, he says, should help to extend and broaden the niarket for fresh cranberries without tieing-up the financial returns of growers. The grower will still have his money, when he wants it, for immediate spring and fall work. region, and will be chosen from among junior and senior high classes and each must have accept- able grades in their class work. Evelyn Chasselet was selected as program chairman. A larger and better fresh cranberry exhibit is planned. It was pointed out at the meet- ing that, as well as providing val- uable publicity for the Bandon area which is the center of cranberry growing in Oregon, funds raised, are used for school or other com- munity benefit. Z READ CRANBERRIES ADS CRA^9BERRY PROPERTY Central Wisconsin Must sacrifice property near Wyeville, Wis., because of other business interests. Level clear marsh capable of developing 70 acres. Abundant good water, reservoir built, dam m, excellent roads, labor supply. We can refer you to indepen- dent cranberry experts who know this property. Available at fraction of value according to bank loan appraisal. This is the finest potential marsh in central Wisconsin. Write or call GEORGE SPEAS Necedah, Wis. Tbrca Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Concerned With Dryness We have experienced another very active spring frost season. Twenty-three general warnings have been released to date (June 5), plus several warnings to the inland bogs. This happens to be the same number sent out during this period last year. Water sup- plies have been adequate for frost protection and very little frost damage has been reported. How- ever, we are concerned with the dry weather that we have experi- enced since the first week in May. Less than one inch of rain has been recorded here at the Cranberry Station from May 8 through June 5. Apparently the "celestial spigot" has been turned off tempo- rarily after a very rainy spring. Water for irrigation purposes is rapidly becoming a critical item. Our irrigation experiments have already been set out under Dr. Cross' supervision. George Rouns- ville has been giving the equip- ment a real workout. The lessons learned during the drought of 1952 should be extremely useful. Prob- ably one of the most important lessons learned was the fact that we waited too long in many in- stances before irrigating our bogs. Cranberry vines require about one inch of water per week in order to produce a good crop and carry it through to the harvest season. Keeping Quality Forecast The final keeping quality fore- cast has been prepared and mailed to growers through the County Agents' offices. It is as follows: "Drs. Cross and Franklin believe that weather data through June .5th indicates that the general keep- ing quality of the Massachusetts cranberry crop for 1953 will be only fair. Growers who have bogs that usually produce weak or ten- der fruit should consider spraying them twice with a fungicide. The Four treatment should be made just as vines are coming into bloom and the second application should be made toward the end of the blos- soming period. Thorough applica- tions are very important. For de- tails, see the new insect and dis- ease control chart." We hope grow- ers will use this forecast wisely. Certainly our market organizations need the best qaulity fruit that we can produce. Insects Plentiful Early spring and summer insects such as weevils, false army worms, blossom worms, leafhoppers, span- worms and fireworms have been plentiful. Growers and custom operators have been extremely busy treating bogs for these pests. Unfortunately, custom operators are still laboring under the handi- cap of very short notices as to when growers want their bogs treated. If thse operators knew in- advance the number of growers that would be depending upon tliem for service and approximately how many acres that might require treatment during the season, they lould arrange for the necessary equipment and personal to do the work. A little more planning would help correct the problem and pay dividends for all concerned. Weed Control We have a few timely sug- gestions from Dr. Cross on weed conti'ol. 2,4-D is still in the experi- mental stage but appears to be effective in the control of Loose- strife, Hardback, Meadow Sweet, Leatherleaf, Chokeberry, and Bay- berry. Dr. Cross recommends the same type of 2,4-D and the same dilution outlined in the new weed chart for the control of Three Square Grass. The "hockey stick" technique is one of the more popu- lar methods of applying this chem- ical to these tall weeds when they stand above the vines. The whorl disc which fans out the spray in a knapsack sprayer nozzle should be removed when applying Stoddard Solvent as a spot treatment under the vines. Tlie removal of this disc results in a single stream of Stoddard that can be directed at the base or crown of the weed thus causing very little damage to the new vino growth. If this technique is fol- lowed Stoddard can be used ef- Between rush spring work, frosts and the incessent struggle to overcome insect damage, you shouldn't have to worry about insurance problems. BUT If you are, we will solve them for you. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 WITH "ABC 'llCUPlERS & VAIVES No hooks— No lolchcs! . . . portable one-man ROTO-RAIN cuts labor costs, saves water... assures bigger and better crops. Ideal for row crops, pastures, orchards. Aluminum or galvanized. Self-locking "ABC" COUPLERS and VALVES for speedy con- nections and control. Systems engineered to your needs. Other AMES Irri'atian Systems: PERF-O-RAIN low pressure sprinkling GATED PIPE for controlled furrow watering Also SYPHONS for furrows; SURFACE PIPE for flooding; TOW-A-LII^E power moves for pastures. See your Ames dealer or send coupon to nearest plant for helpful illustrated folders. Free planning service. ^M^ ^m^ lUiiilili O o o UtinUtlBtH* iu.R.nniEsco.Dept. 150 Hooper St., San Francisco, or 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa, Fla. Distributed by CHARLES W. HARRIS COMPANY 26 Somerset Ave., North Dighton, Mass. Send full information on systems checked; n Roto-Rain; D PerfO-Rain; Q Tow-A-Line; D Gated Pipe; D Syphons Name^ Address^ Town CropsL. -State- -Acres- Your Massachusett dealers are: C. MORRIS WILLIAMS Hatchville, Mass. CHARLES H. REED 156 School Street Seekonk, Mass. fectively during the summer months for the control of Small Brambles, Loosestrife, and Asters. Nitrate of Soda is recommended for the control of large Cinnamon Fern and Royal Fern. One hand- ful should treat six to eight ferns. Finally it is sugegsted that if Iron Sulfate is mixed with common salt at the ratio of 9 parts of Iron Sulfate to one part of salt, only half as much of this mixture is needed. This technique reduces the cost of this treatment and elimi- nates the necessity of rain in order to make the Iron Sulfate toxic to the various weeds. SOUTHWEST OREGON CLUB MEETS The Southwest Oregon Cranberry Club met on May 7th, Masonic Hall, Bandon, for its quarterly ses- sion with about 40 growers pres- ent. Ted Hultin presided. Plans were made for a tour of cranberry bogs and for picnics this coming summer. Charles St. Sure and Sumner Pish are working on the plans with County Agent Jack Thienes. QUIZ FOR IMMEDIATE SALE 16 acres producing marsh 15 acres cleared for develop- ment, on 220 acres of land. Fully Equipped Now operating warehouse, Modern house. Must sell due to death in family. For detailed information contact — C. STUBIG R. 3, Hayward, Wise. KILL WEEDS AT LESS COST WITH AMSCO STODDARD SOLVENT PROVIDENCE, R. I. Hopkins 370 Aliens Avenue 1-1300 BOSTON, MASS. Prospect 60 Foley Street .6-8100 CHICAGO, ILL. Andover 230 N. Michigan 3-30B0 NEW YORK CITY Murray Hill IBB E. 44th Street 2-6490 PHILADELPHIA, PA. Caldwell Lane Conshohocken, Pa. 6-1010 MILWAUKEE, WIS. Greenfield 1719 S. 83rd St. .. .6-2630 LOS ANGELES, Calif. 8600 S. Garfield Ave.Madison | South Gate, Calif. 9-2179 PORTLAND, ORE. Topaz S. W. Gibbs St. 2-8101 Service in 48 States AMERICAN MINERAL SPIRITS COMPANY Q. WHAT IS THE "Boston Crab?" Answer: a. Famous New Eng- land Poet. b. Hassling holt. c. Firm white legs of the deep sea crab fried in deeper fat. d. A Cranberry Grow- er who picks his crop in a certain way because his an- cestors did. e. A "Lady" from Boston talking about people west of the Hudson Riv- er. Correct Answer: The "Boston Crab" is a rassling position. Many people, even lit- tle old ladies, know about rassling man- euvers, nowadays, having enjoyed many long hours watching television. Waste of time. Folks ought to be worrying about "d" and end up worry- free with a Western Picker. (Advt.) m? -«..i,owlcrmb™.„,,^Q^ ■•i'i^-^-!0'.">»«J' ISSUE OF JUNE 1953— VOL. NO. 2 ' Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Waieham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FSELDS Compiled by C. J. H. MASSACHUSETTS May Frost Loss One Percent May, or more explicitly the lat- ter part, proved very troublesome and worrisome to growers. Warn- ings were sent out for nine nights, but there were many other border- line periods, so there was not much relaxation for either growers or those at the Experiment Station who were figuring whether to send out a warning, or not. Actual loss, however, for the month was chalk- ed up as one percent. Temperatures Above Normal As to monthly temperature the figure was one and a half degrees a day above the norm for May. But, the most of the higher than normal readings were in the early and midd.lc part of the month. The ending was definitely a chilly one. Rainfall Sufficient Rainfall totalled 3.12 inches, but a good deal of this occurred in the earlier portions of May. Precipita- tion was not spaced as well as could be desired. Getting Dry By ending of May and at the start of June things were begin- ning to be a little too dry. This in spite of the extremely heavy pre- cipitation of the previous months from the first of the year. If growers hadn't forgotten last year's disastrous drought (and most hadn't) it was a good remind- er of what could happen again this summer. In.sects May Be Heavier Blackheaded Fireworm came in early, some of this infestation be- ing reported by mid-May. It was very abundant. Other insects were showing up by the first part of 9¥- June. Growers were combatting the pests. It is feared there may be considerable trouble this season, due, for one thing, to the open win- ter. Bogs Still Look Beautiful But, all in all, most bogs con- tinued to look beautiful, and pros- pects of a large crop continued high as of the first week of June. Bad Frost Night June 2 The frosty nights did continue into this nxonth and there was one of the night of June 2nd, which caused the total frost loss to date to be raised to "perhaps up to four percent" for the entire season. That was a "humdinger," and it is quite evident things have been touched up a bit, and this applies to other growing things than cran- berries. Even though, setting the State production at 500,000 bbls. the loss would be only about 20,000 bbls. As of Juno 4th the frost spell seemed ended. NEW JERSEY May Still Wet May weather was somewhat warmer than normal and wet as ever. The average temperature was 64.6°, or 9° above normal. The coldest night was that of May 28, when the upland temperature at Pembcrton dropped to 38°. The total May rainfall at Pem- bcrton was 6.44 inches, which is 3.29 inches above normal. As New Jersey farmers know all too well, New Jersey has had six months of excessively rainy weather. The normal rainfall for December to May, inclusive, is 18. .52 inches. The total rainfall at Pemberton for this period has been 29.07, or 57 per- cent above normal. One Severe Frost The one severe frost of the month occurred the night of May 28, when some unprotected bogs wei'e as cold as 26%°. Extensive flooding was done. At the time of writing, the reports of damage are not yet available. Magnolia flow- ers as high as 8 feet above ground were browned. The shore area had definitely milder temperatures. ^ There were several local hail storms, particularly on the morn- ing of May 23. No serious damage has yet been reported. Airplane Fertilizing A fair amount of airplane fertil- izing was done during May and a large acreage will be covered early in June. Ethelbert Haines and Brother have planted 40 acres; wet weather is holding up several other plant- ing projects. Insects and Weed Control Blossom worms and army worms are in evidence on a number of bogs. The leafhopcr DDT dust scheduled for June 10 should hit these, as well as tipworm and Spar- ganotis. ir Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin STURGEON BAY, WISCONSIN 1. Growers suplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All bighest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. B. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsb work of any na- ture. Some growers are actively going after poison ivy, bull brier, cat brier and saw brier with 2, 4, 5-T or 2, 4-D— 2, 4, 5-T. They are using a combination of rubber gloves with cotton gloves outside to wet the individual weeds. WISCONSIN Bad Injury Last Fall At the first of June vine injury sustained last fall, was showing up rather seriously, and it could be seen the State crop could be cut considerably. In some areas it is very, very serious. May, throughout, brought rather unfavorable growing weather for cranberries. Little Frost On the other hand. Spring frost damage into early June had been negligible. Fireworms Started Fireworm infestation has begun and the first control measures were begun May 29th. By the first part of June, general control meas- ures were being used to combat the pest. May Weather on the Marshes Winter averaged warmer than normal. March was also warmer than normal and frost was out of ground by end of month. The first three weeks of April were a little colder than average and unseason- ably cold weather prevailed from April 12th to April 20th. May temperatures averaged slightly below normal with ex- tremes of heat and cold being re- :orded. Cold periods were 1-6, 12-14, 16-17, 19, 22-23, and 27-28. Minima on those dates were con- sistently in the twenties and. reached 20 degrees or lower on 3-5, and 13-14. Warm periods were 8-11, 20-21, 24-26, and 29-31. On Me- morial Day maximum readings reached the middle 90's and were in the middle 80's as early as May 8th. Rainfall was heavy in the north and moderate over southern marsh- es. Greatest amounts were in the northwest. Snow fell over north- ern marshes on 11th. Alfred F. Wolford Meteorologist OREGON Rain Hampers Late May Work Rain hampered bog work in the later part of May from the 17th. Weeds thrived from the moisture. There were three frosts, one on the 9th, the 10th and the 11th, none severe. L P. C. Through Sprinklers Growers were much interested in discussing the outstanding suc- cess of the use of I. P. C. for grass used on the bog of Ed Smith. He applied this chemical in December and again in April. He ran his irrigation system for an hour and a half and then sent I. P. C. through the system at the rate of four pounds to the acre, and after this sprinkled again for six hours. Jack Thienes, assistant county agent reports that Jack Dean has also had outstanding success with I. P. C. on grass, using paint thinner early and following up in the spring with the chemical. '52 Fresh Fruit Sold in 48 States 8 Provinces, Canada Limited Exports to Alaska Central America, Hawaii, Puerto Rico — ^ACE Map- ped Sales Campaign "Like a Blueprint." (Editor's Note: The following is the major portion of the per- tinent address by E. C. McGrew of EATMOR Cranberries, Inc., at the annual meeting of New England Cranberry Sales Company. Lack of space in the previous issue made it necessary to hold the material over until now.) The sales records of the Ex- change show we shipped fresh Eatmor Cranberries from 10 dif- ferent producing areas in 8 states in the USA and 2 Provinces of Canada. Thesd shipments were distributed and sold in the 48 states and Dis- trict of Columbia in the USA — 8 Provinces of Canada — across the country from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. Exports have been drastically restricted since the start of World War II. However, fresh Eatmor Cranberries are exported in a limited volume to the territories of: Alaska, Central America, Hawaii, Porto Rico. The consumer entries received from "OPERATION WINMOR" show, from a cross check of 13,726 out of 210,000 entries received, that they came from 4,622 towns, vil- lages and cities from every state in the Union, the District of Colum- bia and the eight Provinces of Canada. (Continued on Page 16) ATLANTIC WATER WHITE KEROSENE Pumped directly onto bog through a spray nozzle. • STODDARD SOLVENT PETROLEUM SALES & SERVICE, INC. Hedge Road - Plymouth^ Mass. Phone Plymouth 1499 SpTfli CRANBERRY ACREAGE, YIELDS PRODUCTION BY STATES^ F. B. Chandler There have been a number of publications which have presented figures on the past production of cranberries. The United States Department of Agriculture pub- lishes annually, Agricultural Sta- tistics, which presents acreage, production and yield per acre. Bul- letin 299, Wisconsin Cranberry Production and Marketing by Estes and Morris, gives the same infor- mation. The data presented in the two publications give figures from 1900 to 1951. With the information from these bulletins it is possible to plot the yiekl per acre from 1900 to 1951 and to extend the lines to show the future potential yield per acre if the trends remain the same. In order to make a smoothed curve the five year average has been com- puted from the figures in the above publications and these data are presented in Figure 1. The acreage in cranberries in Massachusetts has increased at the rate of 200 acres per year in the five year period from 1947 to 1951. At that rate the acreage in 1965 would be 18,000 and in 1980 would be 21,000. The Wisconsin acreage during the same period has increased at the rate of 160 acres per year, which would sug- gest 5,300 acres in 1965 and 7,700 in 1980. We do not know what the future will bring and it is dangerous to forecast. The author wishes to make it clear that he is not fore- casting but only presenting data for the past and showing what the future would bring if the same trends continue. If the present yield per acre lines in Figure 1 are extended it indicates that the Massachusetts yield per acre in 1965 would be about 56 barrels and the 1980 yield would be 76 barrels (1.3 bbls. increase per acre per year). Similarly Wisconsin would have a possible yield per acre in 1965 of 134 barrels and in 1980 a possible 206 barrels (4.8 bbls. in- crease per acre per year). The Washington and Oregon yield would be less than that of Wiscon- sin, about 108 barrels per acre in 1965 and 160 barrels per acre in 1980. These figures may seem very large but when the five-year (1942- 1946) yield of eighteen fruits tabulated in Agricultural Statis- tcs is expressed in tons per acre we find the cranberry yield pei acre is lower than all fruits listed but strawberries. For the five year period 1947-1951 Agricultural Sta- tistics presents data for only ten fruits, and only two of the crops, strawberries and olives, have lower yields per acre than cranberries. However, in one year the state average for Searles was 99.4 bar- rels (Estes and Morris). If the acreage and yield are multiplied the state and national production could be determined for 1965 and 1980 based on the pres- ent trends. Massachusetts could have 1,008,000 bbls. in 1965 and 1,.596,000 bbls. in 1980. Wisconsin could have 710,000 in 1965 and 1,586,000 in 1980. The acreage in Washington has not increased greatly in the past five years. The acreage in Oregon has been small but has more than doubled in the five years 1947-1951, so that now (1951) it is 440 acres. This would give the Pacific Coast a production in 1965 of 216,000 and in 1980 464,000 bbls. Because of the de- crease in acreage and the increase in yield and because many changes are being made in New Jersey there is no particular trend in that state. However, New Jersey's pro- duction will probably steadily in- crease. Totaling these figures, it appears that the national crop in 1965 might be just over two million (N. J. included at 15 bbl/A) and in 1980 over three and a half riiil- lion (N. J. included at 30 bbJ/A,^. This should not be taken as the author's prediction or forecast — this is merely a statement' of 'the size of the crops which would bt' produced if the present trends continue. If all cranberry regions werfe producing at the present rate of the highest state five-year average, we would have the following stato production: Massachusetts 1,050,- 700 Wis., New Jersey 465,500 bbls., Wisconsin 232,700 bbls., Washing- ton 47,900 bbls., and Oregon. -29,- 300 bbls. which gives a national production of 1,826,100. If the reader would like to see, ever larger figures, he might compute the national production based op the present acreage and the 99.4 bbls. /A (Searles produced in the year 1948)— it would be 2,501,800| The greatest increases in the yield per acre based on the five- year averages (from the lowest 5 year average to the highest 5 year average) were as follows: for New Jersey, 1904-8 to 1922-6 with 43.3 percent increase; for Mas- sachusetts, 1917-21 to 1946-50 with 102.8 percent increase; for Wis- consin, 1907-11 to 1947-51 with 411.5 percent increase; and for ♦>8t KaA/j S j/ear oyeragt- Iff Barre/i oer acre. / — / mo Wo" /9iO "79/0 7m5 ~79Sd Tffc .- I ait Yffor •/ r/fe Year Aivroge f970 the Pacific coast, 1929-33 to 1944-8 with 259.5 percent increase. The Agricultural Statistics also gives the yearly average price per barrel leceived by farmers by states. During the eight years, 1944 to 1951, Massachusetts re- ceived the same price per barrel as the five state average in two years, more in two years and less in four years. New Jersey received more in three years and less in five years. Wisconsin received more each year. Washington received more in one year and less in seven. Oregon received more in two years, the same in one year and less in five years. When the five-year average yield per acre is multi- plied by the five year average paid to the cranberry grower, we find the gross return per acre is $437.30 in Massachusetts, $129.17 in New Jersey, $843.22 in Wisconsin and .$631.80 in the Pacific coast region. In any crop in any section pro- duction will rem'ain at that level, therefore cranberry pro- duction may be increased by the removal of those factors which limit production. When all limit- ing factors have been removed pro- duction will be increased when those factors which hold production down arff corrected. The amount of the increase will be related to the amount that the factor limits the production. Wisconsin Men See Trufant Pump Installed Cranberry growers from all sec- tions of Wisconsin converged on Three Lakes recently to inspect the new irrigation pump being installed at the Thunder Lake Cranberry Marsh by Russell Trufant of Mas- sachusetts. The Trufant pump, one of the first of its kind to be in- stalled in Wisconsin, is designed to facilitate easy and inexpensive in- stallation. Prefabricated, the com- plete unit is readily installable within a day's time. Formerly the pumps used by the cranberry growers took several weeks of major construction work , to install at the cost of several thousand dollars. In comparison the Trufant unit sells for less than a thousand dollars. Several size pumps are avail- able or will be in the future, Tru- fant reports. The pump installed at the Thunder Lake marsh is of the smaller design with a capacity figured at around 3,000 gallons per minute or enough water to care for 12 acres of planted vines. Mr. Trufant, himself a cranberry grower, has worked the present design out in cooperation with the Massachusetts Agricultural Col- lege, where tests have proven the durability and practicality of the new pump. John Kotarski, Three Lakes contractor, handled the excavating and installation with his equipment under the direction of Mr. Trufant. (Three Lakes News, Wise.) APPRECIATES SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES From a Wisconsin grower: "Just a word to tell you how helpful your recent scientific articles have been, and hope they continue." Qt what you do it's the way you^ d^^^^^ Fertilizing Cranberry Bogs - For efficiency, even spread and economy, use the C & L Fertilizer Spreader. This spreader, mounted on a C & L Rake, makes a ten foot spread at each pass, with a speed of from two to six miles per hour, and a ratio of 100 to 500 lbs. per acre, according to adjustment of machine. Any type of fertilizer can be used in the machine. For further information, contact the C & L Equip- ment Company. We service and sell Scythettes, as well as parts for same. C & L EQUIPMENT COMPANY F. P. CRANDON 1209 Main Street Acushnet, Mass. Tel. No. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Acushnet, Mass. Tel. New Bedford 34332 Nine ''Would Have Had Neither Berries Nor Vines in '52 Drought Without Sprinklers lrrigation"-Myron Ryder Myron and Wallace Ryder, Cotuit, Cape Cod, Protect Two Of Their Bogs Against Dryness and Frosts — Three Others Do Same in Area. By CLARENCE J. HALL "If I hadn't had my sprinkler systems last summer in the drought, I wouldn't have had any berries, or vines left, either," is the declaration of Myron Ryder of Cotuit, Cape Cod, who with his brother, Wallace Ryder operate about 20 acres of bog in the Cotuit-Osterville district of the township of Barnstable. As it was, he had some vines burned up, but he did pick about 250 bbls. on the five-and-a-half acre Bumps River Bog, which is in a renovation program, this, of course cutting down production. The Ryder's other bog, the Quaker's Run Bog of about two acres, which is covered by a giant Buckner sprinkler head, capable of covering the entire bog, or practically so. The two other pieces the brothers operate the Linnell Bog and the Lowell Bog, do not have artificial irriga- tion or sprinkler frost protection. The Lowell, one of the older bogs of the Cape, dating from 1854, is flooded by gravity from Santuit River and the other by gravity from Santuit Pond. Little Group Irrigating "We all work pretty closely to- It is pertinent to note, with the gether," says Myron Ryder, "check- ing our results and swapping in- formation. On most any frost night, at sometime or other, we generally get together at one of the bogs, making comparisons, and so forth of how things are going." (Since this small group is so interested in sprinkler irrigation, it is hoped to have further inter- views, with other members to get current interest in sprinkler sys- tems, that there is a little group of three others beside the Ryder brothers, only a relatively short distance apart in the Cotuit-Os- terville district who have systems. These are bogs owned by Wolcott Ames, Cape banker, Victor Adams, Barnstable selectman and Marion Eaton. their experiencees, in addition to the Ryders.) Typical Dry Bog The Bump's River Bog of the Ryders, in two about equal sec- tions, divided by a drive-way ditch is very nearly a "dry bog, typical of many on the Cape. That is, it had only winter flowage, this sup- plied by rains and springs. It is an old bog, having been operated by Wallace Ryder, Sr., now nearly 92, for 40 years or so, before he turned his bogs over to his sons. There had been a pump house and a little spring frost flowage had been available, but nothing at all satisfactory. Nearly four years ago the younger Ryders decided, as Myron tells the story, that some- thing should be done for better frost protection and irrigation. An open well or "sump" hole was dug with a power shovel to a depth giving approxmately 15 feet of water. By the hole was installed a Chrysler engine and a Hale Fire Pump capable of delivering 500 gallons a minute. From the pump there is a lead-in tothe bog of G" pipe, about 90 feet, and then 1,300 feet of 4" Flex-0-Seal light-weight portable pipe and 2,800 feet of the same in 3" diameter. The pipe runs under the dike between the two bogs and both are supplied from the same pumping unit and water source. Tm Myron Ryder is shown by his pumping outfit by the sump hole he dug for water supply. Left, (opposite page) is a view of the system on his main Bump's River bog. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Sprinklers are Buckner Manu- facturing Co., 21 gallon heads, 38 in all, spaced 80 feet apart, each head covering 40 feet each way. Pipe is mounted on a standard, about a foot above bog floor level. Tn the fall the entire system is taken up and stored for the wintfr and then put back in position in time for spring frosts. Installation was done bv William Richards of Veg-Acre Farms, Fore<5+dale, p'^d the entire cost was in the neigh- borhood of $3,000. Installation on thn Quaker's B"" consists of a similar well p^ioup nib e the Cianbeny Experiment Station, since rain made an out-door meeting impob&ible. Lowei, has Di. Cioss pointing out a plot to growers at the bog' of Charles N. Savary, East Sandwich. '^ (CRANBERRIES Photo.) Weed Clinics Have Now Become Accepted Feature of Spring Spring Cranberry Weed clinics have now become one of the ac- cepted "practices" among growers, and each season there is good at- tendance. In Massachusetts there were four during May, and fea- tured were demonstrations and re- sults, graphically showing how to apply various chemicals and kero- sene, and also to show the results obtained on tests plots which had been treated some days before. These meetings were conducted by Dr. C. E. Cross, weed, specialist, and J. Richard Seattle, cranberry specialist, assisted in Plymouth County by Extension Asso. Agent Dominic A. Marini and in Barn- stable by Arnold C. Lane, Asso- ciate. Meetings were at the Alvin Reid bog in Halifax; State Bog, East Wareham, Cliff Martel's bog. North Harwich and bog of Charles Savery, East Sandwich, which locations well covered the cranberry district "strategically." "nrwitr Wisconsin Weed Letter No. \1 R. H. Roberts University of Wisconsin The principal item in this letter is a report of the results of tests of solvents being used in Massachu- setts for weed killing. Two items led to these tests: One is the very large gallonages recommended in that state. The other is the con- tinuously observed fact that sol- vents of different manufacture have greatly different values as weed killers. This is apparently- due to the use of different crude oils for fractionation. Tests of Stoddard Solvent and kerosene obtained from a supplier of cranberry growers in Massachu- setts showed both of these ma- terials to be decidedly less effective in killing the weeds for which they are recommended than "good" lots of these materials being offered for sale in Wisconsin. This is believed to explain the reason for the recommended use of very large gallonages per acre on the Massachusetts marshes. It may also indicate that it is not necessary to use extreme gallon- ages of the materials available in Wisconsin for an equal killing of weeds. As to amount of petroleum pro- ducts to use on weeds, apply what is needed thoroughly to wet the plants to be killed. More than that is unnecesary. Less than that is merely a waste of time and ma- terial, as a partial kill permits rapid recovery and so, does rela- tively little good. This is similar to using straight Stoddard Solvent on "tough" weeds as satin grass ("Turkey-foot"), sickle grass, very young star grass and rag weed. To kill such plants, a fortified sol- vent is needed, such as with Blu- keni. Even coverage is, of course, essential to a thorough killing. By the end of the season there is lit- tle evidence of spraying having been done. Sanding of sections infested with sickle grass seems to increase the grass population: It reroots at the higher level and sends out more uprights. Unsatisfactory results observed to date have mostly been from streaked application. U. S. farmers ai'e using more petroleum power than any other single industry in the country. The yearly need for crude petro- leum or its products anTounts to 16% billion gallons. BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF for over a quarter century in United States and Canada WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 130 or 970 28" Sickle bar,/, cuts weeds, ^ brush, grass — trims close to buildings and trees. Climbs hills. y lAWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW ATTACHMENTS 20' Full Floating Reel 16* Rotary Snow Thrower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. Marine Appliance Co. South Water Street Nantucket, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment C». 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. Twenty-oiu M. L Urann Is Honored Founder National Fraternity "Find a need and produce the remedy" was the advice of Marcus L. Urann, president of National Cranben-y Association, when he ppol ■ " ■ Considerable work is going on again, in connection with the wild beach plum in Southeastern Mas- sachusetts this season. This native fruit (also growing in the coastal cranberry areas of New Jersey) is often located qn the properties of cranberry grpvyers, and a few growers are attempting its culti- vation. , . - As, in the case •6f-tHe cranberry, it is a ■ resource • which naturally grows on otherw^ise relatively •worthless land. Prof. John S. Bailey pomoiqgist, now perhianently' attached to the Cranberry Experiment" 'Station' at East Wareham, is making studies, one of these' being :fertilizer ex- periment's. Bloom this year ' was unusually heavy', giving indication of a 'possibly heavy production. At the annual meeting of the Cape Cod Beach Plum Growers' Association this spring, a far- reaching program was discussed. The suggestion was made by Ber- tram Tomlinsoh, Barnstable Coun- ty- -Agent, that -Ja-nd^ be leaswL or ■■ purcj\as.ed. Ipy the ,AssQciation •which would be suitable to make actual- plantiagS;i.^f-ai'— expejiimeutal work, along. the line of experiments made at the Massachusetts State Cranberry Literature Exchange Cranberry growers who have literature such, as bulletins or articles pertaining to cranberries which they no longer want,- may be interested in securing other bulletins or articles which they do not have. Cranberries will try to assist you in exchanging the literature which you do not want for some -of the: articles which you do want. If you are interested, .send us the title of the publi- cation you have for exchange to "CRANBERRIES," Wareham, Mass., and specify what you you wish to have sent to you. We will publish the title you wish. As soon as it becomes available it will be foi-warded to you. . , This is .1 series offered by "CRANBERRIES" to get cran- berry literature to cranberry growers. It is a plafi by which ycSu send your duplicates or issues you ho longer want for exchange for what you desire. Old issues of Cranberries may be sent in for newer issues or for other publications. No charge for this service. Twenty-two station. This could be the scene of field meetings and for progressive work not only by raembers but be made available to the various state and federal departments which might be interested. The membership of the associ- ation now is nearly 100 and it is one of the most active organiza- tions in the Cape area. MASS. GOV. HERTER BECOMES MEMBER NCA Massachusetts' governor, Chris- tian A. Herter, who said recently he was to engage in growing cran- berries at hTs farm in Mlllis, has become a member of National Cran- berry Association, the Ocean Spray co-op announces. The Bay State chief executivv^ found vines from an old bog on his property, and each year enough have been picked for the use of his own family. He now plans to put in 18 acres of vines. Although the fruit was, of course, found growing wild in Massachusetts by the earliest ex- plorers, Mr. Herter is believed to be the first governor of the State to engage in cranberry cultiva- tion. SCOOPS AND SCREENINGS ilNGS I This is to pay tribute where tribute is due. And that is to Walt Fort of Growers' Cranberry Com- pany, N. J., as a photographer. The cranberry industry has a num- ber of good ones within its ranks — and that is not counting the professionals who do work for us in this and that. We think Walt is the Ansel Adams of cranberry photogs, if you know who Adams is, and in case you don't, he is con- sidered by many as one of the greatest in America, particularly in color. What is inspiring all this, is that we saw his truly marvelous collection of color slides of the cranberry flowers, insects, etc., about which we have heard so much. Why, he not only takes the tiniest insects, but insects feeding upon these tiny insects, parts of flower buds and everything, and as llnmanfuuL CHANBERRIES ''It Is Smart Business to Inquire.' Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN TO CONTROL CRANBERRY FRUIT WORM. USE ROTENONE and RYAN/A ADEQUATE STOCKS AVAILABLE Twenty itlmi his slides flash on the screen, tre- mendously magnified, his accom- panying talk is as learned as that of an entomologist, or a botonist and he is trained as neither. At the Spring meeting of the Cape Cod growers, this showing cer- tainly kept the audience, as they say of the movies "sitting on the edges of their chairs." cooking apples. Wash oranges and ing on, grind oranges, apples. and apples, remove seeds, leave peal- cranberries. To each. cup. of mix- A Massachusetts man, with some knowledge of cranberries stopped at a restaurant at City Point, Fla. He noted cranberry sauce was be- ing served, so he inquired about this. He was told by the proprietor of the establishment — which in case you are interested, is Hub's Inn, 8 miles north of Cocoa on Route 515 — how come there were cranberries on the menu? Pro- prietor replied he had so many calls for cranberry sauce that each year he sent to Chicago for fresh fruit. On the back of his business card he even had a cranberry preserve receipe. It was for one pound cranberries, two large oranges, three large JUNE- Is the month of the longest daylight hours, but— ELECTRICITY Continues to play an important, time-saving part in your activities. Make the greatest use of it every month in the 12 of the year. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM TEL. 200 PLYMOUTH TEL. 1300 SELLMOR with EATMOR ^- More and more cranberry g-rowers are coming to appreciate the sales advantages of fresh fruit and the opportunities for increasing their dollar returns through Eatmor's merchandising program. Watch for the exciting details of Operation Sellmor - our 1953 sales and merchandising campaign, EATMOR CRANBERRIES 5 South Sixth Street New Bedford, Mass. Twenty- four ture, add 1 cup sugar. Mix we'll and store in refrigerator. Do not cook. Nearly half of the nation's farm- ers who work more than two- thirds of the farmland are cann- ing out conservation practices. Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD South Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood Less Expensive . . , Your bog sanding and general maintainance problems are less with International 11 Harvester Farmall Cubs and their Matched Equipment FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 There's Strength in Cooperatives . . . and strength grows with the united effort of old and new memberships. Eatmor Cranberries New Tc England Cranberry Sales Comi (The Cranberry Cooperative) iiephone 200 9 Station Street, Middleboro, Mas pany s. Another Tradition in the Making Chicken and Cranberry Sauce for Father's Day named the official Father's Day Dinner by the National Father's Day Committee ^r/ed Cd/cfen """Crafifceryjauce "^asy on +fie Bwctg^t too, 0«rSelec1eaCfiickens.( ^/^) To the time-honored tradition of turkey-and-cranberry sauce for Thanksgiving, Ocean Spray is building new traditions that are creating a year-'round use for cranberry sauce. Father's Day now takes its place as one of the important cranberry- selling days of the year because "chicken and cranberry sauce" have become official Father's Day fare, so-named by the National Father's Day Committee. This is one more step in Ocean Spray's program to widen cranberry sales and earn . . . MORE $ FOR MORE BERRIES National Cranberry Association THE GROWERS' COOPERATIVE Hanson, Massachusetts SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD HEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON "RED" LANE, Cape Associate County Agent and Cranberry Grower. (CRANBERRIES Photo 30 Cents JULY 1953 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgfeton - Tuckahof New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Hall & Cole Established 1848 Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown Vint yard Haven Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES Expert Wurknianship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Tort able and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS EQUIPMENT The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located (or Cranberry men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS PUMPS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SEPARATORS - AND CONVEYORS Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI JWAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 MiU St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR 5-6100, B-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD South Carver, Ma.ss. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood AUTO INSECTICIDES CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters f^MIM Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 63-R SERVICES rt=a:afcSfciS=iS:^=tSS?=te^Sfcfctea:l£=ifclS:i£ie3J=^^ BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Sei'vice R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. "cranberries" was the original and still is the only U general magazine of the industry, you should be a fj regular reader. • • • Ji;gS53;S5355«J=i55P35;3«53«««MS5PS;S«^^ FOR SALE Wooden Cranberry Dryers, Crates, Scoops and Rakes South Paris, Maine Write M. F. FLETCHER 1134 So. Thomas St. Ailiiifi'ton, Va. One Directory (Cont.) WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. - INC. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J. &J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North rarvfi-, Mass. Growers, Northern Wisconsin Holds Annual Meet Second annual joint meeting of gi'owers of the Thi-ee Lakes-Man- itowash Waters region of northern Wisconsin, held at Three Lakes, June 23, pointed out good pros- pects for the coming season. These sessions are held to enable the cranberry men of the area to keep in touch with affairs in the central Wisconsin or main district and of all cranberry areas in general. Dan Rezin, president of Wis- consin Cranberry Sales Company conducted the meeting. He ex- pressed appreciation of that co-op for the cooperation of the northern growers. R. T. Wolford, meteorologist in charge of the Wisconsin State Cranberry Frost Warning Service, told the assembly he was hopeful an observation station could be set up in the Three Lakes region and would send out daily reports. Lake Superior, Wolford said, is the trou- blesome factor in making predic- tions for this northern district. He said areas south and west were more stable on the weather map. Insect problems were covered by Leo Sorenson of Mid.-West Cran- berry Co-op. He said fruit worm n-i'lllers had been observed as early as June 12th. He recommended about 20-30 pounds of Parathione dust per acre as a control for many insects. He reported about a 10 percent bloom on the central marshes at the time. C. D. Hammond, Jr. of Wiscon- sin Sales reported on state crop prospects. Frost injury had been lisht, he said. Marshes which had heavy production in '52, naturally showed lighter prospects for this fall. Price prospects for the current season were good, declared, Clar- ence Searles, director of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. Final speaker was Lester Haines of the Chicago office of Eatmor. He explained the 1539 "Operation Sellmor" campaign wliich has a contest, "Name the Cran))orry Girl." ti-^^.*-*> y-^ /». REDISCOVERY The cranberry vine setter based on discs pushing the vines into the sand appears to have been designed by A. L. Haskins, and was pic- tured in Wisconsin Bulletin 119, in 1905, "A Report on Cranberry Investigations." A copy of the picture is presented here. The modern equipment is wider, sets more vines and is power driven. This is another example of original research being forgotten and re- discovered a half a century later. Correction for "CRANBERRY ACREAGE, YIELDS PRODUCTION BY STATES" F. B. Chandler, CRANBERRIES, June, 1953 Latter part of last paragraph. ... In any crop in any section production may be increased by the removal of those factors which limit production. When all limit- ing factors have been removed pro- duction will be increased when those factors which hold produc- tion down are corrected. The amount of the increase will be re- lated to the amount tliat, tlial fac- l(ir liinils Ihc inddui'l ion. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Masaehusetts growers experienced about a normal spring frost season. 25 warnings were released com- pared with 23 sent out a year ago. Damage is estimated to be about .3 percent. We encountered a little delayed frost activity June 11 and 1.5 — just enough to keep us inter- ested in our business, according to Dr. Franklin. George Rounsville, cur new "weather man," is to be congratulated for the fine service he rendered the cranberry industry this spring by collecting the weath- er data and preparing the frost forecasts. Dr. Franklin served as our frost consultant and his wise counsel is truly appreciated. HeVy Rain Needed As of July 7, we are concerned by the early summer drought. On- ly .29 inches of rain was recorded at the Cranberry Station for the month of June, and only 1.53 inches since May 8. Growers have done remarkably well to keep their bogs reasonably moist. All avail- able irrigation equipment has been in constant use. Many growers have experimented, with flash floods and water has been kept high in the ditches wherever pos- sible. In spite of everything that has been done, bogs are begin- ning to show evidence of drought. Heavy rains are desperately needed to- rfilieve the situation. Fruitworm The season is a little advanced Many bogs were in full bloom the last week in June. Insect activity has been about normal. However, we rather expect that Fruit Worms will be unusually active because of the mild winter and early season. The "hand lens" is still standard ■ equipment for timing our applica- tions of insecticides for the con- trol of this pest. Materials are ex- pensive and unless grower's have counts of approximately 5 un- hatched and unparasitized fruit- worm eggs per hundred berries, spraying or dusting is not recom- mended. If, however, egg counts warrant treatment, Rotenone ap- plied as a spray is given prefer- ence over other materials in spite of its cost. We strongly urge grow- ers to note the Warning outlined at the bottom of the insect chart. It is as follows: "Do not use dust or spray materials containing DDT 01- Rotenone near a ditch, stream, or pond for it kills fish. If dusting- machines are used, stuff cotton in ears, wear goggles and a respira- tor to protect operator." In addition to Fruit Worms, bogs should be checked, during July for r^eafhoppers, the second brood of Blackheaded Fireworms, new brood of Weevils, and the adults of the Spittle Insects. Since our season is a little early, most of these insects should, have been treated before mid-July. Before leaving the subject of insects, we want it clearly under- stood that the Cranbei-ry Station is not recommending I'arathion for the control of our pests. Keeping (Juality The final keeping quality fore- cast indicated that fungicide con- trol measures would be needed for bogs that tend to produce weak fruit. The first treatment should have been made on such bogs just as the vines were coming into bloom. Dr. Bergman suggests that the second treatment for early- water Blacks be made about July 5-10 and July 10-15 for Howes or toward the end of the blossom per- iod. We should keep in mind that the control of fruit rots require two applications of a fungicide — one treatment is a waste of time and materials. Growers who wish to combine materials should keep in mind that Fermate is compat- ible with insecticides, while Bor- deaux Mixture is limited to com- binations with DDT. Eummd- Weed Control We have some timely notes irom Dr. Cross on summer weed control. Weed-choked ditches are often re- sponsible for spreading many trou- ■■■ ■" BUiLDING COSTS ARE STSS.L UP It is extremely important that you maintain enough fire insurance to comply with co- insurance clause requirements in your policies. If uncertain, just what co-insurance means to you, check with us. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 ^ Threa 28' Sickle bar,-<* cuts weeds, brush, grass — trims close to buildings and trees. Climbs hills. lAWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW ATTACHMENTS w^S^'' 20' Full Floollng Reel 16' Rolary Snow Thrower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hauovpi', Mnss. Lawn & Garden Kquipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Pall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. :-£/apjji CO. IIU WASBINaTON BTBItS Wm NEWTON W. JUtC blesome weeds over the bogs. He suggests that growers buiTi off the weeds growing in ditches with one of the weed killers, The knapsack sprayer can be used for this work, particularly if the nozzle opening is enlarged to about one-sixteenth inch in diameter. He recommends that V2 pound of Sodium Arsenite be dissolved in a sprayeiful of water {3-V2 to 4 gallons) and sprayed rapidly with good pres- sure on the ditch weeds, holding the nozzle low to avoid spray drift on the cranberry vines. For best results, the ditches should be rea- sonably dry. We should keep in mind that Sodium Arsenite in a deadly poison and should be used with utmost caution. Ammate can bo used in place of Sodium Arsenite for the control of ditch weeds. Dr. Cross recommends 2- ',2 pounds of Ammate for each knapsack sprayerful of water. While Ammate is not poisonous to man or browsing animals, it kills cranberry vines very readily and is extremely corrosive to equip- ment. Fuel oil is also an excellent material for killing ditch weeds. Finally, Dr. Cross recommends the use of Nitrate of Soda for the con- trol of Royal and Cinnamon Ferns. This chemical should be applied at the base of these weeds and one handful is sufficient to treat 6-8 ferns. Crop Estimates It soon will be time to be es- timating the size of our Massa- chusetts crop. C. D. Stevens, of the New England Crop Reporting Service, 1305 Postoffice Build.ing, Boston, Mass., has asked the Ex- tension Service to assist his office in securing more crop reports. Ap- parently, there has been a general decline of interest in this type of work and the situation demands immediate attention. We are all well aware of the importance of accurate crop estimates. Our cran- berry marketing organizations must have this vital information to plan their marketing programs. We have asked these organizations to encourage their growers to send in these I'eports to Mr. Steven's ofBce when requested. LABOR . SAvma - ROTO> RAIN REVOLVING SPRINKLER SYSTEMS WITH "ABC" 'couplers & VALVES No hooks — No lalchtsl . .. portable one-man ROTO-RAIN cuts labor costs, saves water... assures bigger and better crops. Ideal for row crops, pastures, orchards. Aluminum or galvanized. Self-locking "ABC" COUPLERS and VALVES for speedy con- nections and control. Systems engineered to your needs. Other AMES Irrigation Systems: PERF-O-RAIN low pressure sprinlding GATED PIPE for controlled furrow watering Also SYPHONS for furrows; SURFACE PIPE for flooding; TOW-ALINE power moves for pastures. See your Ames dealer or send coupon to nearest plant for tielprul illustrated folders. Free planning service. ® ^^^7/1 iOHiilll 0 =- U 0 !i • ULR.ninEsco.Dept. 150 Hooper St.. San Francisco, or 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa, Fla. Distributed by CHARLES W. HARRIS COMPANY 26 Somerset Ave., North Dighton, Mass. Send full information on systems checked: D RotoRain; D PerfO-Rain; D Tow-A-line; n Gated Pipe; D Syphons Name_^ — Address Town CropSu. _State_ _Acres_ READ CRANBERRIES ADS Four ISSUE OF JULY 1953 — VOL. NO. 3 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Waieham, Massachusetts, Subscription, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FJELDS Compiled by C J. H. SOME EARLY JULY RAIN HELPS MASS. DROUGHT SITUATION Rain, amounting to .41 inch on the night of .July 8th has helped the Ma.ssachusetts drought situation to a certain extent. This, plus the fact there was .3 on the night of the Gth and traces of .02 and .07 on others of the first week of July and some overcast days is definitely on the favorable side. Temperatures for .July were running about four degrees a day above normal. Dr. Cross of the Cranberry Station said on the 9th, when this issue closed to go to press, the conditions of the bogs appeared to be safe for several days more, maybe a week, without additional precipita- tion. However, it is an almost day by day proposition now, costing the growers plenty of work, expense and worry, using every possible means of artificial irrigation. There has been some cranberry drought damage, but nothing widespread, so far; other Massachusetts crops have suffered severely, the forest fire hazard remains high. A good soaking rain is needed. Critical Drought On With the advent of July, cranberries in this state had definitely reached, the critical stage in dryness, after an almost rainless June, driest on record at the State Bog and second on record at Boston Weather Bureau in 85 years. Total rainfall, as recorded at the East Wareham- Station for the 30 days was .29th inch, .21 of that falling as the tail-end of the Worcester tornado early in the month. Other brief falls were on nights of the 20th and 27th. Rainfall at Boston had totalled .48th inch, all-time record having been .27 in 1912. Normal rainfall for Cape cranberry area in June is 3.21. The State Bog researchers agreed that the dangerous condition for the crop was on, beginning July first. There had been relatively little damage up to that date, this being confined to a few high spots, or areas in which insects, such as grub had caused vine injury. Con- sidering the fact there had been only a little more than an inch of rain since May 8, which brought the last previous precipitation of any consequence, the bogs were in almost remarkably good condition. Earlier Rainfall Helped to the bogs. Those who had sprin- Factors contributing to this was klers used them to good advantage, the build-up of rain during the first four months of the year, total since Jan. 1 having been 38 inches, or a departure from normal of plus 13.17 inches, which had supplied underground moisture and filled up reservoirs, ponds and streams. These had not dropped too much and growers were quick to utilize every method of getting moisture there was the so-called "flash- flooding," water was held high in the ditches, and makeshift sprin- kler devises, including use of rub- ber hose and sprinkler heads out on the bogs were brought into use. Drought warning cards were sent out on June 11 and again June 25 and the 29th. These suggested that to get a good crop, the bogs re- quired about one inch of water per week up to the harvest season, and urged, growers "not to make the mistake of using too little water and too late," as was done last year, contributing to the disastrous '52 drought damage. Drought Month Early This dry spell started a whole month earlier than that of last sum'mer and many crops were suf- fering throughout the State. The Cape's holf-million dollar straw- berry crop was cut (i0.70 percent in the estimation of Cape County Agent Bertram Tomlinson. Warn- ings of the danger of forest fires w^ere issued by Siate Forestry Di- rector Raymond J. Kenney. By July first everything was tinder dry, the ssoil powdery, "burning point," in woodlands very high. Bloom, Set, Good Bloom on most bogs was ex- cellent, the set of berries starting off' well, and, in spite of fears there would :;ot be as many wild bees around as usual, there seemea to be a goodly number at v/ork, and more growers than in year's were Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin STURGEON BAY, WISCONSIN 1. Growers suplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assifnmant. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. Five lesorting to hiring honey beos as auxiliary insurance. Insect Control Good Insects were not doing the dam- age that was anticipaed '^ month or so ago, and while there were plenty around growers were get- ting after the pests, promptly and with vigor and obtaining satisfac- tory control. Spring fi'ost losses were finally set at about only 2 per- cent. There had been slight scat- tered hail injury, as there was hail on the Cape and around King- ston, Hanson district as a fringe of the tornad.o, this terriffic storm having left the cranberry ai'ea un- scathed, although Civilian Defense had been alerted in a number of towns in Southeast Massachusetts. No Bumper Crop In summary, crop prospects were still unusually good at July's be- ginning, but conditions were such that the bumper yield many fore- saw earlier in the season is not now expected to develop. But everything depended upon the rain situation as July proceeded. Final keeping quality forecast is- sued by Drs. Cross and Franklin was that "weather data through June .i^th indicates that the geneial keeping quality of the Massachu- setts cranberry crop for 19.5.S will be only fair. Growers who have bogs that usually produce weak or tender fruit should consider spraying them twice with a fungi- cide." June Blistering Month Temperatures during the blister- ing .'30 (lays of June averaged about three degrees a day above noinial. Highest temperatures recoi-ded at the State Bog in the shelter were two 9\ degree days, the 21st (first d,ay of summer) and the 29th. Private thermometers elsewhere in the sun were often in the high 90's and more than 100. Sunshine hours were very high, but this factor is not so importan in June for the curi'ent ci'op as in some other months. Blueberries Looked Good As for the cultivated bluebei'ries Joe Kelley, recognized authority on this crop, said as of July first, there appeared to be pleny of pol- lination, insects were no more severe than normal. Prospects as of then were for a good yield — ex- cept again, as for cranberries, all depended, upon rain during the eai'ly part of July. Size of berries was satisfactory, but would shrink without sufficient moisture. Grow- ers with overlu'aJwifpwtawimwi^^^ ^^ Cable-Controlled Reversible TRUFANT STRAIGHT-LINE PUMP No mere photograph could show all the parts, many of which are permanently imbedded inside the pipe. There are the Stainless steel contraction and ex- pansion cones, the casts aluminum divided throat machined to close tolerances, the Stainless anchor bolts taller than a man, the five ball bearings and one needle bearing, and the other standard Outboard parts except the motor. The simplest and most easily installed pump for locations where the direction of pumping must be reversed. In WISCONSIN sec (iOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. 6ifh» STOP FRUIT ROTS with jbe42JZ44xicuLU> DU PONT FERMATE ^eA&Xl*n ^4A§i4j4Cidje. "Fermate" prevents blasting of cranberry blossoms and young berries, also prevents rot of the berries on the bushes or in storage. That is be- cause "Fermate" gives excellent control of fungus diseases of cranberries with minimum danger of burning or stunting of tender flowers, leaves or fruits. Use "Fermate" in sprays or dusts to get better yields of clean fruit from every acre of bog. For most effective spray coverage and protection of the waxy foliage, add Du Pont Spreader-Sticker to the spray mixture. SEE YOUR DEALER for full information and supplies. Ask him also for free booklets on "Fermate," Du Pont Weed Killers and other dependable Du Pont control products. Or write to Du Pont, Grasselli Chemicals Dept., Wilmington, Del. USE THESE IDEAL BRUSH KILLERS AMMATE Weed and Bi-ush Killer sprayed on foliage kills roots, tops and all, even of poison ivy. Spray it on stumps too, to prevent resprouting. Non-volatile, reduces to a minimum the hazard of damage by spray drift. DU PONT 2,4-D — 2, 4, 5-T Brush Killer — ideal combination of hormone-type brush killers. Kills as foliage spray or applied at the base of brush stems. On all chemicals always follow directions for application. Where warning: or caution Btate- ments on use of the product are given, read them carefully. G t Better Things for Better Living . . . through CHEMISTRY Ni|»« LANE ^Continued from Pafie 8> stay on the Cape, and Extension Work tied in with his previous training, and experience. The property was more than 50 years old, and like many other old Cape bogs was not in the best of condition. He has begun an in- tensive renovation program. He is mowing off sections of the bog, then giving it a rototiller treatment. For sanding, he used an old beach buggy. The bog' was set to mostly Early Blacks with a few Howes. He is replanting with Early Blacks. The bog has ade- quate winter flood, but not suf- licient water for frost flowage. The water is from seepage and spi-ings and he does get a good flow for winter. Wants Sprinkler System However, what he wants to have eventually, and in fact, as soon as possible, is a sprinkler systenT. Like many others, he is convinced sprinklers are becoming a neces- sity, especially on the Cape where so many bogs are dry, or partially dry. He is working, in conjunction with Soil Conservation Service, up- on half a dozen irrigation projects for others. Two installations plans have only recently been completed, one for Ernest Ellis of Ellisville — which happens to be in Plymouth County — and the other for Theo- d.ore Krafts of Brewster. At cur- rent pipe prices costs arc now about $750 per acre, for complete frost coverage, cutting every corner pos- sible, yet not skimping enough to provide insufficient service. Straight irrigation coverage which entails moving the pipe from place to place is much cheaper per acre. He thinks probably about half the acreage of Barnstable County can be given overhead irrigation. That is, that water sources in natural ponds of which there ai'e many on the Cape, or man-made ponds or sump holes or driven wells can be made available. In this program geodetic maps are often used, which tell to within a few feet of the depth at which water will be found by the well points. The wa- ter table may be found at only two of three feet, or sometimes much deeper. His own bog is about tive feet above sea level. As further concerns sprinklers, he is interested in the possibilities of applying fertilizers and insec- ticides, as at least three Cape grow- ers are d.oing, apparently with complete satisfaction. Lane, in his first year, produced only 25 barrels, 75 last year, and hopep to have about 125 barrels this coming fall. Natui-ally, he knows this is a poor showing for the acreage, but, as he is making- improvements, he is getting in- creased barrelage, and in due time will have his bog in such shape that it will bear satisfactorilly in comparison with other Massachu^ setts bogs. Markets Through NCA lie markets through National Cranberry Association. Although he has a sci'eenhouse on the prop- erty he finds it more economical to ship his berries direct fron? the liog to NCA for screening. Lane has two children, Marjorie, 3 months, and a son, Arnold, (Butch) five years. He is a mem- ber of the Upper Cape Cranberry Club and is a Mason, member of the Mariners' Lodge of Cotuit. Protects Cranguyma! Protectioivy/ from Frost and Drought ^^^^HH^^^^^^^H^^^H|^H[H| at Cranguyma Farms^ PHOTO ULl.iLoi or PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL '■°"9 ^^°'^^' ^°'*'- OPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that (he system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, instalhition and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our iviciirch tiiid j>liiiiiiiiig clip,iilii/iiit is jl ymir ienici;. Cumuli m ludjy uilbiiiil oblig.it/oii. iirani~^^.i Spiinklti Irdtilion lltociiliii NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. ; AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RiftlWY SPRINKLER SALES, 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, ILL. T»i» '■^y ,-..y Experimental Sprinklers Play Over Mass. State Bog As was promised by Dr. Chester E. Cross, the ever-increasing prob- lem of drought and consequent ir- rigation need, is being taken up at the Massachusetts State Chanberry Bog, East Wareham, this summer. For the first time sprinltlers have been whirling there in experimental research. ; Dr. Cross has on loan from the University of Massachusetts a 20 h.p. engine, a quantity of two-inch pipe and four sprinkler heads. He has raised the water level in the ditches and is obtaining his water source in this way through suction hose. He is testing out the theory that cranberries need at least an inch of rain per week at this time of the year and on June 10 he gave a section its first measured inch. This was on the highest section of Late Howes (about % acre). He has also been applying spot treat- ments by moving the equipment. One of these is the highest section of the bog. Here he also applied a mixture of water and liquid am- monia (fertilizer). The areas under treatment have been given the inch of rain each week, since (as reported elsewhere June brought practically no rain to the cranbeiTy area), and this was applied during daylight hours. On July first. Dr. Cross was able to report that whereas the Howes section is greener than the un- treated areas of the bog and the high spot, which was browning, is definitely gTovdng again and was green. The same portable system has been moved and placed in use on the cultivated blueberries at the bog. Dr. Cross has not forgotten what occurred last year when an esti- mated 250,000 bbls. was lost due to drought at a value of §4-5 mil- lion dollars. He is testing out vari- ous ideas, with a major thought being more sprinkled acres at the least possible cost. HUBBARD Insecticides Fungicides Dusts or Sprays A Complete Line and Prompt Service The ROGERS & HUBBARD Co. Portland, Connecticut In Answering Advertisements Please Mention CRANBERRIES EUveo WHAT IS NEW? The first planting of Selection 31. The committee of the Cape Cod CranbeiTy Growers' Association has distributed cranberry selection No. 31 to a number of cranberry growers. This selection appears to be very promising for Massachu- SOME "DOPE" ON FROST SPRINKLING IN WASHINGTON D. J. Crowley Explain.s Oper- ations on West Coast — Believes If All Bogs in Washington Had Systems, Ever^Green State Could Produce 100,000 Bbl. An- nually (Editor's Note: The following interesting article upon spi'inkler frost control and irrigation, was sent in by D. J. Crowley, director of Washington Cranberry-Blue- berry Laboratory, who really is the "father" of the intensive sprin- kler use on the West Coast cran- berry bogs. Dr. Crowley is refer- ring to the article in last month's issue, concei-ning the marsh of Myron and Wallace Ryder and par- ticularly the fact the R.yders leave ice on vines in the monring for the sun to thaw out.) After reading Mr. Ryder's arti- cle on Frost Control by Sprinkling on the Cape Cod Bogs, I was im- pressed by that fact that practices that prove very satisfactory in one part of the country may fall short of their goal in other areas. Be- cause of this, our experience with sprinklers both for frost and heat setts growers. Sixteen of the most promising selections of the 114 which have been grown in Massa- chusetts are also being tested in new locations. control may be of some interest. On May 31st a severe frost oc- ciir^d on the Washington bogs that killed all blossoms on bogs not protected by sprinklers, so western rrowers arc frost conscious at the pi-esent time. Even the sprinkled |i'>"s with hf-nvy vines got nipped ^I'r-hHv, duvin'r this freeze. ^yhile sprinklers for frost con- + ]n1 nn cranberry bogs is no long- ev new. just how the control is a(T(v4ed niav not be clear to all "■i( wni-s. First there is a little I'cat a'iderl because the water used fnr sprinkling is well above freez- ing. Here in Washington the wa- ter temperature is generally about 4.')° to 50°F. The main protection, however, comes from the latent heat in the water, which is re- leased when the sprinkled, water turns to ice on the vines. This released heat is an impres- sive quantity, amounting to 1,200,000 B. T. U. per 1000 gallons of water. Because many cranberry growers are old enough to have forgotten high school definitions, it may not be amiss to state that a British Thermal Unit is the amout of heat it takes to raise the temperature of a pound of water I'F. Therefore as long as you con- tinue to sprinkle and the water freezes, you are adding heat in the above amounts. While it is true that the slush ice formed over the vines insulates them somewhat, nevertheless as soon as the sprin- klers are turned off no more heat is being added, consequently the temperature drops rather rapidly. Even with the sprinklers operating steadily, a temperature below 25° may nip some of the blossoms. Above that tenrperature, complete protection is assured, provided the sprinklers are operated continu- ously. Where the frost injury in unprotected bogs is less than 20 per cent, intermittent sprinkling would undoubtedly give complete protection. We are ofter asked if sprinkling before sunrise instead of during the night will not prevent frost in- jury. The answer of course is that if the plant cells are already in- jured by the freeze, the morning sprinklers will be of no value. On the other hand if the frost was on the border line the sprinkling could be beneficial. Under Washington conditions the ice formed on the vines during the night may remain on until well into the forenoon d.uring cool weather. The heat required to thaw this ice is taken from the air and also from the vines underneath the ice. Using minimum thermometers to check the temperatures, we (Continued on Page 14) CRANBERRY PROPERTY Central Wisconsin Must sacrifice property near Wyeville, Wis., because of other business interests. Level clear marsh capable of developing 70 acres. Abundant good water, reservoir built, dam in, excellent roads, labor supply. We can refer you to indepen- dent cranberry experts who know this property. Available at fraction of value according to bank loan appraisal. This is the finest potential marsh in central Wisconsin. Write or call GEORGE SPEAS Necedah, Wis. Tv^T Vol. 18 No. ISSUE OF JULY 1953 v/z!^'^'^'^''^^ DROUGHT, AN INCREASING MENACE D ROUGHT ! A major scourge of farmers. But something that something can be done about. In fact something must be done, on cranberry bogs particularly in Massachusetts, according to Dr. Cross and others who are conducting sprinkler ex- periments at the State Bog this summer. Maybe "artificial" irrigation isn't quite as satisfactory as well-spaced rains, but there are few growers who now question the desirability, and positively definite need of adequate man-produced moisture when the skies for long periods refuse to let down this rain. While sold on the de- sirability of sprinklers for irrigation — and also frost protection, at least on many bogs or portions of bogs, the cost has been a drawback to more common installations by growers so far. The East is way behind the Pacific coast line in this, but of course, the problems on both coasts are not the same. However, it may be recalled that Dr. Cross in an article in CRANBERRIES, Feb- ruary issue, estimated that last summer's heat and drought cost about 250,000 bar- rels, valued at $4-5 millions of dollars. With such losses, is the admittedly costly irrigation too costly? There seems to be a trend, shown by many indications, that in Massachusetts, at least, and probably Jersey, too, toward warmer, drier summers. If this is the case, and the overall cost of getting a barrel of cranberries to market is to remain high, as it undoubtedly is, mere "hope" to provide irrigation systems, turns practically into a necessity. Cross and his associates are closely scrutinizing this cost angle. All power to this project. In the meantime growers themselves can give more attention and study this apparently increasing menace — drought. And maybe growers are becoming in- clined to rely less upon Nature in other respects. We are thinking of pollination at the moment. While it doesn't appear the wild bees have let the growers down to any serious extent this season, more and more cranberrymen are becoming inclined to have some rented honeybees on hand, just in case. This is true in Massachusetts, New Jersey and Wisconsin. CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin C. D. HAMMOND, Jr. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington — Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Although some portions of the material in the article upon Financing the Cranberry Crop," by Bernard T. McGowan beginning in this issue are "Old Hat" to every cran- berry grower, it does no harm to refresh our memories now and then and see us as others see us. We may or may not agree with all conclusions drawn, but remember the article is prepared from the viewpoint of banking, and for the consumption of bankers, primarilly. TUrtani FROST SPRINKLING (Continued from Page 12) have found that whcro we sj)rinkle until the ice melts, the tempera- ture rarely goes below 32°. In the sections where the sprinklers are shut off, the temperatures may go as low as 29° depending on how long it takes the ice to melt. This ice takes heat from the vines as ■well as from the air, so if the ice takes several hours to thaw, it may depress the temperatures of the vines considerably. Even though the injury to the blossoms may be minor, neverthe- less it slows growth which may be an important factor under Wash- ington conditions. If a week's growing weather is lost in the Spring, no unusually hot weather occurs to make up for the loss. Temperatures as high at 80° here are about the equivalent of a heat wave in Massachusetts or New Jer- sey. A considerable amount of scald may result if the sprinklers are not used at this point. For- tunately when those hot days oc- FOR IMMEDIATE SALE 16 acres producing marsh 15 acres cleare'is. Parrish. NCA REPORTS FATHER'S Day Success NCA reports promotion of Ocean Spray for Father's Day was a big success. There was much ad- vertising on the part of buyers. Proof of success was in that with- in a week following that date, NCA received, straight carload orders for 32 cars, also ten truckload orders of 25,000 pounds each, plus many small orders, the co-op says. The orders indicate that buyers de- pleted their stocks and were re- plenishing. New Mass. Bog Built With Newest Methods Most new bogs today are being built by strictly modern, mechan- ized methods as shown in the sand- ing picture on the opposite page. Here, a light model, stripped-down auto with home made dump body drops about one-third of a yard of sand, while light catapillar tractor spreads. Later the sand, will be "honed" to level. At left, an empty truck is leaving for a new load, while a third may be seen arriving to replace the one on the bog. A shovel in the sand pit fills the small trucks with one dip. Opera- tion is continuous and fast. About four inches is being spread. This scene is on a new bog for Herbert E. Dustin of West Ware- ham, Mass. which is located on Pierce Avenue in South Lakeville, a tract of about 20 acres having been purchased from Merrill Wash- burn. An acre and an eighth of Early Blacks had already been put in. Mr. Dustin is building about three acres of new bog and setting with Howes which do well, in this more inland, location than on the Cape. Several more acres can be built later. Ample water flow is by gravity from the Old Fish Pond. Bulldozers and a crane were used in building and grading. Peat averages about a foot in depth. Work was all custom, crane work by Ernest Briggs of Marion, grad- ing my Homer Weston of Carver and sanding by Toivo Erickson of Middleboro. The vines wei-e disked in by Ralph Thachcr of Hyannis. The vines were cut fronr a bog owned by Mr. Dustin at West Wareham, coming originall.v from the bog at Carlisle, formerly owned by Dr. H. J. Franklin. Ten or twelve barrels to the acr-e were used. Mr. Dustin, wlio owns consider- able bogs, and o|)erates much acreage for others, is a director of the New England Sales Company, and plans to make tills as nearly a "perfect"' bog as can be achieved. fm}irUm t- , . _j if FHt»eit NEW RESEARCH MAN FOR NCA A. C. Garland, Cape Cod cran- beriy grower, has become National Cranberry Association's Research Chemist, taking the place of Eu- gene V. Laughery who recently joined the Coffee Brewing Insti- tute. Mr. Garland grew up on cranberi-y bogs in Sandwich, Mass. and his interest in cranberry de- velopment led hirw to change his course at MIT from Chemical En- gineering to Food Engineering. He received his S. B. degi'ee in 19.34. His first job was with the to- bacco industry working on the con- trol and. production of sugar by- product fermentation — solvents and flavors. For further research, he later went to Puerto Rico Sugai' Refinery and Distilleries. During the war he worked on synthetic organic chemical produc- tion for the war effort both in Detroit and New York. As Re- search and Development Engineer, he took processes from the labora- toi'y to commercial stage. The Garlands and their four at- tractive daughters are now living in Sandwich, where Mr. Garland was born. He's raising cranberries on an old bog that he's reworking. FINANCING THE CRANBERRY CROP Editor's Note: The following is a con- densation of a library thesis by Bernard T. McGowan, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, First Federal Reserve District of Boston, after a comprehen- sive survey of the cranberry industry from the viewpoint of banking finance. The original paper is available, free of charge, upon application to the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, attention L. A. Zehner, asst. vice president, upon a basis of "first come, first served." A conden- sation will appear in the "Federal Reserve Bank Monthly Review," which is mailed to every member bank in the country, financial houses, colleges and universities and research centers.) By Bernard T. McGowan If the question, "Where are cranberries grown"? were asked to the avei'age school child or adult in most any place in this country. the answer would invariably be "Cape Cod, Massachusetts". It is suprising then, for these people to learn that cranberries are also grown in commercial quantities in the states of New Jersey, Wiscon- sin, Oregon and Washington. Smaller quantities of cranberries are grown in Maine, Rhode Island and on Long Island. The cranberry industry in New England, New Jersey and Wiscon- sin is an old one, while the industry in Oregon and Washington can measure its history in a few de- cades. The industry flourishes in those parts of the states and on a type of land where it is not com- petitive with other types of agricul- ture. Hence, its geographical dis- f •4 .***'• See us about TRADE MARK REG. U.S. PAT. OFF. PORTABLE IRRIGATION Thirsty crops are poor crops. Let us show you how you can apply all the water you need . . . and still REDUCE YOUR WATER AND LABOR COSTS. Our trained irrigation ex- perts will install the Shur-Rane system designed especially for your land and crops. We have fc^^ the answers to your irriga- ""^ lion problems . . . why not drop in today ? SUt« tribution is quite unlike any other crop. Cranberry culture is a highly specialized type of agriculture. Successful cranberry growing- re- quires particular slfills and knowl- edge. Cranberry cultivation re- quires sizeable capital investments for bog construction and mainten- ance. From three to four years are required for a newly planted bog to mature before the grower can noi-mally expect a return from his investment. The normal value of cranbery acreage is very high when compared with the value of acreage devoted to other specialized branches of agriculture. Success- ful cranberry cultivation requires great care in selecting the proper location for the bog. The marsh land used must be highly acid, the water supply ample and slightly acid, the humus of considerable depth and a source of "loam-free- coarse" sand accessible nearby. In most all agricultural endeav- ors there is a common denominator — the struggle with the natural elements. The cranberry industry is much better prepared to cope with these elements than are some other branches of agriculture. This industry has developed effective tools for frost prevention and the control of some insects. The degree of control sought for the natural elements, which are harmful to the industry has a direct relation- ship upon the net returns to the grower. Economic Importance Of the Cranberry Industry The industry is comparatively compact as to the number of prim- ary operators and as to the total of bog acreage under cultivation. Slightly over two thousand grow- ers cultivate approximately 27,000 acres of cranberry bogs, with the other acreage used for sand banks and water facilities estimated at over 300,000 acres not taken into consideration. The ci'anberry in- dustry gives employment to more than 40,000 people throughout the season; surely then, the regions where cranbei'ries are grown would be economically poorer without this form of agriculture. The cran- bery annual production is now over 900,000 barrels and the leaders in the industry are planning for a million barrel crop. The income from the first family bogs was used primarly as a means of raising the yearly taxes, but today, the crop produces an average gross return of better than $16,00,000. Cash Outlay Before Initial Harvest The cost of building a cranberry bog today would be similar to other building costs — it would be sky high. It would depend on the natural conditions and location of the marsh land, on the ability and experience of the men who over- see the work, on the extent of use of labor-saving machinery and the efficiency with which they are em- ployed, and on the wages. A good bog, well located and built, planted with the right varieties, and given good care, should be nearly per- manent. An initial investment of upwards to $.3,000 is required for every acre of cranberry bog that is planted today. It further costs from $100 to $200 an acre each year to care for the bog until it crops. The investment in a new bog before it begins to give the owner a possible return on his in- vestment may amount to as much as $.3,800 an acre. Today, in the Massachusetts and the New Jersey districts, there are few new bogs being made and put into production. Increased bog acreage is reported yearly in the States of Wisconsin, Oregon and Washington. However, in the Ea.st greater emphasis is cui-rently being placed on bog renovation. Making over an old bog that is in a good location may call for the destruc- tion of all giowth and for grading, drainage, sanding and complete re- planting. While unproductive bogs can sometimes be returned to a profitable condition by merely fol- lowing! good management iiractices, complete bog renovations range in cost from $500 to .$1,000 an acre, depending on the work required. The small cranberry grower who dies all of his own labor, excepting that required for the harvest, has the smallest outlay per barrel of harvested cranberries; the com- mercial grower employing all labor naturally experiences a higher per unit cost for the cranberries har- vested. The greater the cash out- lay for labor the less is the return on the investment to the grower. Above is a picture of the 1953 WESTERN PICKER. This year there are 14 tested improvements on a picker that has ah-eady revolutionized the Cranberry Industry in Masachusetts. You can't go wi-ong with a picker that has been constantly improved for eight years, and we watch you like a hawk till you learn to run it (and keep it in repair for you afterwards.) The "bugs" are now out and the price is the lowest in history. See Louis Sherman, Plymouth, Mass. for a financing deal that practically lets you set your own terms. Eventually, why not now? Seventeen Cranberry Harvest The cianberiy picking season is relatively short, extending from mid- September through late Octo- ber. The harvest period is so short that many growers, especially if the season is late, have to begin vi^hen the fruit is only partly col- ored. The longer the berries are allowed to remain on the vines, the larger they will grow and the greater is their sugar content. However, there is a definite period when certain varieties should be harvested, for experience has shown over the years that the keeping qualities of the berries de- pend in a large measure upon the time and humidity conditions when they were harvested. JUST A I / Carload 30,000 ft Red Wood THE MOST ROT RESISTANT WOOD 2x6 and 2x8 regular and matched 4x4 — 4x6 and 6x6 Now Ready For Delivery E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Foot Cambridge St. Middleboro, Mass. Phone 1123 Middleboro Road East Freetown, Mass. Phone No. Roch. 75 BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF for over a quarter century in United States and Canada WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 130 or 970 The methods of harvesting vary somewhat from one region to an- other. In the East the picking is largely done with "scoops" which the pickers push ahead of them as they move through the bogs on their knees. They proceed with a rocking motion as the wooded prongs comb the berries from the vines. In Wisconsin, Oregon and Washington, the cranberry bogs are flooded so that the tips of the vines are above water and the ber- ries float near the surface. Pickers then wade through the water, rak- ing the berries from the vines with scoops. This is a cheaper method of harvesting when the berries go to the cannery, for there is little loss of berries when harvesting is done with this method. On the other hand, when the berries are sold in the fiesh market, they have to be dry scooped or picked with a mechanical picker, both of which methods entail a loss of at 10 per- cent of the berries left on the vines. Accordingly, the cost of harvest- ing is greater and there is no sal- vage of the berries left on the bog, which often may mean the dif- ference between a profit and loss for the season. Complete mechanizaztion of the cranberiy industry may be near at hand. Mechanization of the har- vest has found greater use in the western growing regions, where the bogs are better laid out and the machines can be used to better advantage. Again, their yields per acre generally are greater than in the East. In the eastern regions there are large numbers of small individually owned bogs that are not adaptable to machine harvest- ing. The rising cost of labor and the scarcity of skilled labor will in due time force most of the grow- ers to machine harvesting. The owners of bogs not presently ad- aptable to machine harvesting will be foi'ced to I'enovate their bogs in Older that the machines can be operated efl'iciently. Cost of Hand Harvesting vs; Cost of Mechanical Harvesting Cranberry crops for the past three or four years have yielded few dollars over harvesting ex- penses which, for some bog oper- ators, has meant deficits. In some cases, the choice of an operation yielding the least loss has been the Eighteen most profitable one. An example of the case where a deficit for the total cranberry crop is certain, but the value of the harvested crop is more than the cost of the harvest. Here, the margin of value over the harvest cost can be used to reduce the total crop deficit. The high cost of harvesting, rela- tive to other cranberry operations, and the low returns for berries in recent yeas are factors to be con- sidered in determining- how the crop should be harvested. The need for the bog operators to curtail certain uses of labor or to substi- tute machinery for men is obvious. Machines hai'vest an acre at a constant rate, regardless of yield. This means an acre under normal conditions, not with wet or frosted berries, or extra long heavy upright vines. Thci normal rate being about ten hours for the machine to har- vest an acre, and it can harvest from 5.6 barrels to 18 barrels per hour. The yield is important in de- termining this figure; for example, ten hours to harvest an acre yield- ing 75 berries would mean 7.5 bar- rels per hour. Even the lowest pro- duction for the machine, 3.6 bar- rels per hour, is nearly two and one-half the 1.5 barrels per hour commonly expected from hand scoopers. Translated into dollars at a ren- tal figure of $2 an hour, a machine used for ten hours ($20), should harvest 48 barrels. Allowance for labor and other operation costs of $13.50 would make a total cost of $33.50 or about 75 cents per barrel. Hand scooping would require ap- proximately 30 hours at a cost of |42 or 93 cents per barrel. Again, plans to extend the harvest could be made without having to allow for extra workers on certain dates. Production and Marketing From 1949 through 1952 the crop averaged 861,250 barrels, which is a substantial increase in compari- son with that of the ten year per- iod 1930-1939, of 603,600 barrels, or the ten year period 1940-1949, of 728,800 barrels. Approximately 56 percent of the growers are members of at least one of the five major grower-coop- eratives of the industry; these growers produce about 70 percent of the crop. The other 30 jiorconl of the crop is raised by the 44 per- cent of the growers who are known that is sold direct by the grower in the industry as the Independents. to the ultiminate consumer is so The percentage of the total crop small that it does not exert any cnAvnrpruEs For Performance and for Economy, it would be good business to investigate INDIAN TRAIL Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN TO CONTROL CRANBERRY FRUIT WORM. USE ROTENONE and RVANIA ADEQUATE STOCKS AVAILABLE Nineteen great influence on the price ob- tained. The majority of the indi- vidual growers either are mem- bers of one of the cooperative mar- keting agencies or sell their ber- ries through one of the several independene distributing agencies. The independent distributing ELECTRICITY Works For You With The Throw Of A Switch It Is clean, Efficient - Releases Men For Other Work-At Your Bog, In Your Home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL 1300 DECAS BROTHERS Growers Of Cape Cod Cranberries Phone 147 WAREHAM, MASS. agency buys the berries from the grower and does the market- ing of these berries with those they have produced themselves. The independent producer and marketer serves a very useful pur- pose in providing yardsticks and checks upon the larger coopera- tives, and in providing a perform- ance by which the larger organiza- tion can measure its own The existence of the independent allows for experimentation in merchandis- ing methods. The competition of the independent agencies act as a stimulant and a prod to other mar- keting agencies to do a better job under the threat of losing mem- bers. Today, the preparation, stan- dardization and grading to rigid specifications, together with the marketing of the fresh and pro- cessed fruit, are primary functions of the Cooperatives. Cooperatives as Marketing Factor Cooperatives have been impor- tant in marketing cranberries for many years. The American Cran- berry Exchange, a federated co- operative selling agency, handles over 50 percent of the cranberries sold on the fresh fruit market. The National Cranberry Association, a centralized cooperative processor, operates canning plants in all pro- ducing areas. Both of these co- operatives have conducted effective consumer advertising and mer- chandising for years. During 'World War II there was a scarcity of cranberries. The fresh fruit lost much of its appeal to the housewife because she could not purchase the large quantities of scarce, rationed sugar required. The price of cranberries rose be- cause of short crops and bidding among marketing agencies to get the available supplies. The ap- parent boom in jnocessed cranber- ries then biouglit in many indepen- dent canners, and lecord packs of cranberries were turned out. Continued Next Month CHANIJKKKIKS is Ihr only In- depcndeiU Cranherry Maga/.iMf. Tw«nty IRRIGATION FLOODING DURING BLOOM IN MASS. Growers attending- Massachu- setts insect clinics in early July were informed that bogs in full bloom' might be flooded with no apparent harm'. Dr. H. F. Berg- man said 30-40 acres had been so irrigated and no injury had. shown I up. A five to six hour submergence should be the limit. These meetings, with fruitworm forecast in consideration were at Sturtevant bog, Maple Tree Farm, Halifax, Nahum B. Morse bog, Freetown, State Bog, East Ware- ham on July 6th. In Barnstable County, West Barnstable, NECSCO screenhouse, followed by bog visits on request; and North Harwich, NCA association screenhouse with bog visits. Second Cape meetings were scheduled for West Barnstable and North Harwich, July 15th. AT YOUR SERVICE Let us make a free survey of your bogs for Sprinkler Irrigation Frost Control ii Portable and Stationary Pumps and Power Units Tractors and equipment of all sizes for care and maintenance of your bog FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridge water Phone E. B. 8-2761 The NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES COMPANY, the largest unit of EATMOR CRANBERRIES, INC., does not claim that the market price can be obtained for any of its shipments or brands of cranberries but does claim that it obtains through Special Merchan- dising Services and National Advertising, TOP PRICES for its members' cranberries. During the past three years these TOP PRICES have grossed to our members a total of $4,362,258.75 with more to be added to this figure when the 1952 All Season General Shipment is closed. Eatmor Cranberries New England Cranberry Sales Company (The Cranberry Cooperative) Telephone 200 9 Station Street, Middleboro, Mass. Amherst, Me.ss. (x) ' *-' -S- -4. Vj. p^ >^ SELLMOR with EATMOR Distributors and growers alike are finding that the Eatmor fresh cranberry sales program is the key to more effective merchandising and larger dollar returns. This program will bring increased benefits to you through our 1953 sales and merchandising plan. EATMOR CRANBERRIES, Inc. The only nationally advertised name in fresh cranberries. 5 South Sixth Street New Bedford, Mass. SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON JUDGE AMEDEO V. SGARZI and Clerk of Courts George P. Olsson, Cranberr Growers. Story on Page 6 (CRANBERRIES Photc 30 Cents XA. JULY 1953 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros, Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Hall & Cole Established 1848 Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouih Hyannis Provincetown Vint yard Haven Savings Bank and Br2jic!3 BRICGS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES Expert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1022 lel. 334 HANOVER, MASS EQUIPMENT Welconne Savings Accounis Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry men Funds always available for sound loans HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM - MASS 'UMPS PRIHKLER IRRIGATION AND CONVEYORS Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI JWAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICrDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR 5-6100, B-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD South Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood AUTO INSECTICIDES CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters MMBi Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York • • • "cranberries" was the original and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. • • • V«5;3Wi5g5=iW3=5:3p3P3S3ap3M)^^3»'S=S=S^ Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 63-R SERVICES BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. FOR SALE Wooden Cranberry Dryeirs, Crates, Scoops and Rakes South Paris, Maine Write M. F. FLETCHER 1134 So. Thomas St. Arlington, Va. One Directory (Cont.) WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. - INC. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J. &J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Special Service Have your uplands mowed by Cub Tractor before picking season. Morse & Thacher Wareham 405-W-4 or Hyannis 715-M NCA Meeting At Onset August 19th Annual meeting of National Cranberry Association is to be held Wednesday, August 19th at the Onset plant, Massachusetts. A program built around the coop- erative's advertising theme for July and August will be presented. Session will open with registra- tion between 9:30 and 10 a. m. when members will pick up liallots and luncheon tickets. WISCONSIN MARSH FOR SALE Cranberry marsh, 6 acres, 4 years old, abundant water sup- ply. More suitable land for de- veloping marsh. Total 177 acres big item. Never flooded for frost. Have irrigating system for upland crops, G room modern home, 3 furnished cabins, other buildings, Ford with full equip- ment. Other possibilities. Rea- son for selling, poor health. CARL JENSEN Rte. 1 Box 1.3 — Warrens, Wis. At 10 President Marcus L. Urann will give his customary ad- dress of welcome. There will follow the report of the secretary, John C. Makepeace, secretary-treasurer. At 10:15 will be a vote to deter- mine the number of directors, fol- lowed by appointment of tellers and opening of the polls. The financial report will be given by John F. Harriott, assistant treasurer. Miss Ellen Stillman, vice-presi- dent in charge of advertising, will give her report for 1953 on ad- vertising and outline plans fof 1954. H. Gordon Mann, vice-presi- dent in charge of sales, will make his sales report. Mr. Urann will make his report and this will be followed by a question period. At 12:15 will be adjournment and at 1 o'clock will come a chick- en-cranberry barbecue. Afternoon will bring election results and at 2:30 the Board of Directors will meet. In the notice to members it was pointed out that, although a large crop is anticipated this fall, the co-op was entering the season "with confidence and agressivc- ness." A considerable number of nrem- bers and guests arc expected from all the ci'anherry areas. Two Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist We are considerably more opti- mistic about the prospects of a good crop than we were a month ago. In fact, until the middle of July IMassachusetts bogs were suf- fering from another severe drought. However, the rains be- gan July 13 and have continued at fairly regular intervals through the remainder of the month. Total rainfall recorded at the Cranberry Station for July was 5.28 inches compared with .40 inches for July 1952 when drought and heat dras- tically reduced our crop. There were only three days in July when temperatures of 90 de- grees or higher were recorded in our weather shelter as compared with 13 days of 90 degree tem- peratures in July 1952. The high- est temperature for this period was 92 degrees compared to 102 de- grees a) year ago. Based on present conditions, the writer believes the general optimism in Massachusetts is justified as to prospects for a good crop this fall. Growers are now on the process of estimating the size of the crop. We sincerely hope that they will fill out their crop report blanks and return them promptly to C. D. Steven's off'ice in Boston. There are only three requests made for these reports during the season and the information gained is highly essential to the develop- ment of a sound marketing pro- gram. Speaking of marketing, the writer was indeed gratified by the excellent response that he received from the various marketing or- ganizations concerning the prob- lem of securing more crop reports. Letters (cards, and news stories were prepared by most of the marketing agencies and mailed to their respective growers, urging them to send in their crop esti- mates. We believe that this appeal will pay dividends in the form of many more coopoi-ators with this particular project. The 66th Annual Meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation will be held Tuesday, August 18, at the Cranberry Ex- periment Station in East Ware- ham, beginning at 10 a. m. Dr. H. F. Bergman, Senior Pathologist, who retires in September, will be honored for his outstanding scien- tific accomplishments and many years of service to the industry. The program committee has also arranged for several other fea- tures including proper recognition for Clifford L. Davis, our weather observer in Worcester, and Mrs. 0. P. Griffith, our telephone dis- tributor in Carver, for their many years of faithful service. C. D. Stevens will give his crop estimates which is always a high- light at this particular meeting. President E. L. Bartholomew an- nounces that all cranberry growers and their families are cordially in- vited to attend this Annual Meet- ing of the Association. Insects We have a few notes on insects of interest to growers. The fruit worm season as of August 1 has not been as active as we expected. However, growers should continue to make their egg counts well into August since this pest has the habit of causing extensive damage late in the season in certain years. The second brood of blackheaded fire- worm was active on many bogs and the new brood of weevil have been plentiful. The blunt-nosed leafhoppers are .still too common throughout the cranberry area. Joseph Kelley and the writer are of the opinion that the 1953 sea- son will be classfied as about a normal insect season. One final word on the subject of pests. Grub-flowed bogs should be care- fully checked for cutworms ten to twelve days after their grub flow has been removed. Weed Control Dr. Cross has a few timely tips on mid-summer weed control. He suggests that once or twice a year growers drag a hook or potato digger completely around their bogs in the shore ditches. The pur- purpose is to discover and pull out runners of the small bramble, poi- son ivy, and morning glory before they cross the ditch and anchor themselves on the bog. The thin areas of bogs are already produc- ing such weeds as corn grass, barn- yard grass, pitchfork and flre weeds. If these annual weeds can be checked now, it will prevent them from seeding another year. Directions for controlling these particular weeds with copper sul- fate and sodium arsenate solutions are found in the weed chart. Stod- dard solvent, fuel oil, Ammate (2-% lbs. per knapsack of water) and sodium arsenate ( % lb. per knapsack of water) can be used to check weeds in canals, ditches, and on shores. Labor The Cranberry Harvest Labor Committee has been active under the able leadership of Frank But- ler. After reviewing the harvest labor problem with representatives from the Mass. Division of Em- ployment Security and with grow- ers, it seemed advisable to supple- ment local harvest labor forces with approximately 200 Puerto Ricans. These workers will arrive during the first week in September. Growers who have contracted for this type of help during the past few seasons have been very much pleased with their work. Vernon Gofdsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconain STURGEON BAY» WISCONSIN 1. Growers suplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. "Three Oscar, the big Cranberry Grower down on the Cape, went up to Boston to see his banker. While there he asked the banker how he got his start. "Well, I ju.st put a sign 'Bank' over my door. The next day a fellow came in and gave me $100. Next day a fellow gave me $200. By then my confidence was so great, I put in fifty dollars of my own money." Oscar told this banker that he had confidence in a me- chanical Cranberry Harvest- er called the "WESTERN PICKER". It had now been in operation for sevei'al years, was constantly im- proving and their agents were constantly checking up on new users problems, and all users spoke highly of it. So this banker had so much confidence in Oscar's confidence that he gave him the money for several West- ern Pickers, saying that he wasn't bragging about his ancestors coming over in the Mayflower; the immigration laws weren't as strict in those c'ays, but he liked to see new things tried out. (ADVT) Four Jersey's Annual Meeting Aug. 20 The American Growers' Associ- ation will hold its annual summer meeting- on August 20 at Clayton's Cabin ((State Highway 72 near Cedar Bridge, N. J., 10 a. m., to 2:30 p. m. At the close of the meeting there will be a tour of some nearby bogs. The program of the meeting- is as follows: Theodore H. Budd, Jr., Presi- dent's Address; Clifford Sims, Crop Eestimate; Chester E. Cross, Chemical Weed Control and Some General Notes on Cranberry Cul- ture; Charles A. Doehlert, Progress Report on "What Makes a Cran- berry Upright Produce Fruit"; M. T. Hutchinson, Field Control Studies on Cranberry Scale; Robert Filmer, Preliminary Remarks on Cranberry Pollination. There will be an exhibit of live bog- weeds. NCA Reports Out Of Berries By September 1 National Cranberry Association reports it expects to have all its freezers empty of berries by Sep- tember first. This is in sharp contrast to yeai-s when there was a large carry-over. However, this leaves the Co-op without a needed 50,000 barrels for operation, and it is usually about September 1.5th before ber- ries start coming in, in any vol- ume, and later still on the West Coast. DRILLING FOR OIL IN LONG BEACH CRANBERRY AREA Drilling for oil is going on in the cranberry area of Long Beach, Washington. One unsuccessful well has been sunk at a reputed cost of about $70,000. A new well is to be started by the Long Beach Oil Company. The first attempt was capped July inth at a depth of 2103 feet. The new well will be just outside the city limits of Long Beach on sands just above high water mark. 20' Full Floating Reel 16' Rotary Snow Throvrer Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 12.3, North Hanover, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. II. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. 'ji^k^jji CO. lltl VA8HIN0T0N ttMn WEST NEWTON «• MAM. \^ *^NALCR4NB««v«,,,W^ ISSUE OF AUGUST 1953 — VOL. NO. 4 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Waieham, Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-o!Ti<;e at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FiELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS Prospects "Upped" in .July August, final pre-harvest month is here, and the picture of produc- tion in this state (as of Aug. 7) has vastly changed from that of the first of July. Prospects ap- pear good on most bogs. From all over the growing area favorable .reports are heard. Good Rainfall Did It This change in the viewpoint is due primarilly to the rainfall of July. There was a total of 5.28 inches recorded at the State Bog. This was well-spaced, there being some precipitation on 13 diflFerent days. June had brought only .29 inches. "We could scarcely have asked for better," observed Dr. Cross of the Experiment Station as July ended. The rains kept add- ing size to the fruit. Fruitworm Bothering Fruitworm last of the insects was troubling considerably at July end. There was not a very heavy in- festation, but more "red" berries were showing up than many grow- ers liked to see on their bogs. Eggs appeared to have been later and lasting longer than usual. Many growers were applying rigid con- trols. Harvest May be a Week Earlier It appeared that harvesting would probably begin during the first week in September. This would be a week earlier than last season. No Harvest Troubles Anticipated Additional Puerto Ricans were being bi'ought up from that island, to help with the harvest, as pros- pects of the crop increased. There will probably be more than 200 available. Little trouble, generally speaking, seemed to be feared in getting the fruit off. With this "imported" labor, the usual local sources for scoopers, and more mechanical pickers in the field, it was felt the situation could bo coped with. First Week of August As of the end of the first week of August, while there could well have been more rainfall, conditions con- tinued satisfactory with a single exception. Rainfall for the seven days totalled only .25th inch as recorded at State Bog, whereas an inch a week is desirable. However, temperatures were unusually low. Berries were sizing rapidly and will apparently be large. The one ad- verse factor was that fruit worm kept on taking a larger toll than had been anticipated. NEW JERSEY Weather Report July at Pemberton was a month of extremes — extremely hot, ex- tremely cool, and with extremely dry periods. Although there wei'e 12 days in which the temperature reached 90 °F., or above, with a maximum of 100°F. on the 12th, there were also some rather low temperatures for July. On 11 days the thermometer registered below 60 degrees and an usual minimum of 49 degrees was recorded on 3 days, the 11th, 26th, and 27th. Rainfall 3.65 Inches Averaging out all the extremes, the month of July goes on record as being 1.3 degrees cooler than the average of 76 degrees. The rainfall totalled 3.65 inches, only .57 of an inch less than normal. With respect to rainfall, the June and July total is only 5,73 inches, or 1.2 inches below normal. The three-month total of May, June and July is 12,17 inches, or 1.7 inches above the normal for this period. The proper conservation and use of water from the copious supply during the early part of the year has somewhat mitigated the efi^ects of the June-July di-ought on New Jersey cranberry bogs. Crop Developing Well The New Jersey crop continues to develon well. Size of berries is above normal; field rot and insect damage seems to be no worse than usual. On a number of unprotected bogs there is a reduced crop be- cause of the frost of May 28. In general, however, the set of berries is above normal. At this time of writing, the size and coloring of berries seem to indicate an earlier ripening date than usual. Killing of Vines The serious dry weather of late June and early July resulted in the drying and killing of vines in a good many high areas. This has (Continued on Page 19) KILL WEEDS AT LESS COST WITH AMSCO STODDARD SOLVENT I'ROVIDENCE, R. I. Hopkins 370 Aliens Avenue 1-1300 BOSTON, MASS. Prospect 60 Foley Street 6-8100 CHICAGO, ILL. Andover 230 N. MichiKan 3-3050 NEW YORK CITY Murray Hill 155 E. 4 4th Street 2-6490 PHILADELPHIA, PA. Caldwell Lane Conshohocken, Pa. 6-1010 MILWAUKEE, WIS. Greenfield 1719 S. .S3rd St. 6-2630 LOS ANGELES, Calif. 8600 S. Garfield Ave.Madison I South Gate, Calif. 9-2179 PORTLAND. ORE. Topaz S. W. Gibbs St. 2-8101 Service in 48 States AMERICAN MINERAL SPIRITS COMPANY Fiv* Barristers Became Bog Men Because They Felt A ''Duty And Find They Like // "One of the primary industries of tliis part of the country (South- eastern Massachusetts) and to which our local economy is largely geared is the cranbeiry industry. If we are interested in the welfare of this district, we should be interested in cranberries. "Many of our friends and associates in business, social and civic af'airs are cranberry growers. We have long been generally familiar with and are sym'pathetic towards cranberry cultivation." That is about the way a Jurist and Clerk of Courts sum up and explain why they have recently gone into the cranberry business as a side issue. The men are Judge Amedeo V. Sgarzi, Justice of the Third Dis- trict Court of Plymouth, and George C. P. Olsson, Clerk of the Superior Court, which sits at Ply- mouth and Brockton, in Plymouth County, Massachusetts. Both are well known for their multiple in- terests in legal affairs,, commun- ity, civic improvements, legisla- tion and politics — the two men are active, loyal Republicans in polit- ical belief. This year, they took over the interest.? of Albert A. Thomas of Middleboro in the Rocky Meadow Cranberry Company, Inc. The corporation, dating from 1887, has operated under different manage- ments. The Rocky Meadow cran- berry bogs, one of the older prop- erties, in Plymouth County, is situ- ated just over the Middleboro town line from Carver. Judge Sgarzi is president of the corporation and Mr. Olsson is treasurer. Rocky Meadow consists of about 50 acres, mostly in good bearing condition, some of it built only about 29 years ago. It's location is off Purchase Street, a rather isolated place even for a cran- berry bog. Rocky Meadow is a part of an original purchase, "The South Purchase," of land b-aght from the Indian Chief Tispaquin. known as "The Black Sachem." Weston, in his "History of the Town of Middlebolro, Massachu- setts," describes the area known as "Rocky Meadow" as follows: "It has an area of about forty acres entirely turfed over with grass, and is sometimes called Mahuchet Pond, and from it a brook by that name flows to the south. The roots are so woven to- gether that when people walk upon them the surface waves like that of the ocean, but they ai'e strong enough to bear up a man without difliiculty. Under this depth of grass and roots there seems to be water to the depth of from twenty to thirty feet. Nearby there was a sawmill dating back for more than one hundred years, owned by Cap- tain Joshua Eddy; on its site has been erected a house for the stor- ing of cranberries, which are gath- ered in large quantities from the extensive bogs." The bogs, in two chains, are flowed entirely by gravity from two streams, the Rocky Meadow and Spring Bi-ooks, which con- verge at Purchase Street. The new nranagement may eventually put in pumps to increase flowage abilities and may put in sprinklers for additional iri'igation and frost control. Rocky Meadow is set to Eaily Blacks, Late Howes, some McFarlins and a few Centennials. Sand is plentiful and easily avail- able from banks around the plant- ings. The buildings on the property consist of a garage, a toolhouse, a scrcenhouse and two or three build- ings where the foreman and work- ers live. The foreman is Edward Viera, who is a newcomer to the bog, and there are two other year- round employees. In the past, the bog has been hand-scooped, al- though this fall there are plans to experiment with a picking ma- chine, as well as a scooping crew. Rocky Meadow has a produc- tion average of 2,000 barrels — has produced .3,300. Neither Judge Sgarzi nor Mr. Olsson come of cranberry fore- bears. Mr. Olsson. was born in Boston, but when he was a child his par- ents moved to Brockton. He at- tended schools of that shoe manu- facturing city and was graduated from Brockton High School. En- tering Boston University School of Law, he graduated in 1926 and be- gan a career as a practicing at- BUILDENG COSTS ARE SISLL UP It Is extremely important that you maintain enough fire insurance to comply with co- insurance clause requirements in your policies. If uncertain, just what co-insurance means to you, check with us. Eben A. Thacher Brewer i^ Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 5ix A View of Rocky Meadow Bog torney. Two years later, he was appointed Clerk of Courts for Ply- mouth County. He is Past President of Ply- mouth County Bar Association and also of the BostoS. University Law School Association. He is extreme- ly active in Republican affairs, and is a Past President of the Plymouth County Republican Club. He was elected delegate from his district to the Republican Party National Conventions in 1936 and 1940. He was an Aide on the Military Staff of former Massachusetts Govern- or Robert Bradford. During the Second World War, he was a Lieutenant in the United States Naval Reserves, serving- mostly in the Corpus Christi area of Texas. Boy Scouting has been an avoca- tion to him and he is a Past Presi- dent of Squanto Council, and holds the Silver Beaver award, the high- est recognition at council level. Mr. Olsson's younger son, Philip, 14, in July attended the National Boy Scout Jamboree in California. The Squanto and Anawan Councils sent a total of 36 boys on this cross-country trip. The Olssons, Mr. Olsson having married Mary Craig of Plymouth, have another son. Dexter, 17, who entoi's Massachusetts Institute of Technology this fall. He was a Star Scout. The family makes its home in the Chiltonville section of Plymouth. This interest in scouting is one of the several things Mr. Olsson and Judge Sgarzi have in common. Judge Sgarzi is present President of Squanto Council, and like Mr. Olsson, holds the Silver Beaver award. Mr. Olsson is a director of the Plymouth Savings and Loan As- sociation. He is a nrember of the Plymouth and Massachusetts Bar Association; of Paul Revere Lodge of Masons of Brockton, Plymouth Post American Legion; Plymouth Grange and the Massachusetts Farm Bureau. He is a trustee of the Chiltonville Congregational Church. He is a governor of "Plimouth Plantations, Inc.," chairman of the Plymouth Pageant Committee, which plans to stage a summer historical pageant at Plymouth. He is also a member and trustee of the Pilgrim Society, Plym-outh. Judge Sgarzi is also a governor of "Plimouth Plantations," and is a trustee of the Pilgrim Society. (CRANBERRIES Photo) The Pilgrim Society has been doing a great deal to retain at- mosphere, restore and reproduce Pilgrim life and .history, and both of these cranberrymen have been leaders in this endeavor. In 1947, the Society aided in establishing "Plimouth Plantations, Inc.," whose purpose is "the faithful re- production of life and times of men and women of the 'Old Col- ony' in order that present day and future generations may better un- derstand the Pilgrim story and the contributions of these early Amer- icans to our country." Henry Hornblower, 2nd, of Bos- ton and Plymouth, and at one time Treasurer of the Cape Cod Cran- bei-ry Growers' Association, is President of "Plimouth Planta- tions, Inc." This unit has already built a replica of a Pilgrim house near Plymouth Rock; recently completed a replica of the first Pilgrim Fort, also near the Rock. This was dedicated last month by Harold Stassen, now Director of Mutual Security Agency. The next planned project is a full scale mod- el of the Mayflower, to be placed near Town njrook at Plymouth Hai'bor. 9«VfB Pipig^— i pr^ i^wwwfswaipiuiiMi'wi View of Lower End of Rockv Meadow Judge Sgarzi is a native of Ply- mouth and has lived there all his life. He was graduated from Ply- mouth High School in 1919 and from Northeastern University School of Law, Boston, in 1927. He became a practicing attorney in 1928. From 1934 until 1937, he was a Selectman of the shiretown of Plymouth. He was elected Mod- erator of his home town in 1939 and still serves in that capacity, important in a New England town. He was elected to the Plymouth Planning Board in 1939 and con- tinues as a member. In 1940, he was made a member of Selective Service Board 131, and is now Chairman. He was appointed Justice of the Plymouth Court in 1948 by Govern- or Bradford. He serves as Director of Jordan Hospital, Plymouth, having been appointed in 1940, and is a trus- tee of the Plymouth Savings Bank. He is a Past President of the Ply- mouth Bar Association, and is now on its Executive Committee. He is a nrember of the Massachusetts Bar Association and on the griev- ance committee of that organiza- tion. He is a Judge of the Appel- late Division of the Southern Dis- trict, of the district courts. He is married to the former Fannie E. Borghi of Plymouth. The couple have two sons, Louis, 17, a senior at Phillips Academy at Andover, and Vincent, 15, who is entering Governor Dummer Academy at South Byfield, Massa- chusetts. Both boys are Eagle Scouts. Since Rocky Meadow has been under this new management, there has been a good deal of work done. Improvements during the past six months are being continued. About 20 acres have been re-sanded by the "jalopy" method, there has been grading and ditch cleaning but no actual major renovation as yet. The new Rocky Meadow oper- ators are frank in saying they know little so far about cranberry growing, in spite of their general fanriliarity with the business as a whole. Rocky Meadow Company, Inc. is a member of National Cran- berry Association, while Judge Sgarzi and Mr. Olsson are mem- bers of Cranberry Growers' Mu- tual; they intend to join Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association (CRANBERRIES Photo) and will probably become members of one of the Plymouth County cranberry clubs. That the Massachusetts industry has been strengthened by the ad- dition of these barristers and leaders in so many civic and polit- ical matters can scarcely be doubt- ed. They are already talking and acting like cranberrymen. On the day of this interview at Rocky Meadow, the Judge kept poking at the soil, then powdery dry, and hoping for rain, while the Clerk of Courts was wishing he had brought along a hand lens to look for a fruitworm in a small berry he had just picked and which didn't look quite healthy to him. FOR SALE Seal Ics vines free of weeds. S175 a ton delivered in Wis. in ti uckload lots. S150 F. 0. B., Hay ward, Wis. Weighed sprin- kled but not soaked in water. Run through cutter free if desired. 1 Tony Jonjak Hayward, Wis. Cape Growers To Honor Retiring Dr. H. F. Bergman Annual Event on August 18 Will Be Along Lines of "Dr. Franklin Day," of '52 Annual meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association at State Bog, East Wareham, Tues- day, August 18 will include, as a special feature a "recognition" of Dr. H. P. Bergman, Senior Pathol- oofist. United States Department of Agriculture, wno is retiring. This will be along the lines of "Dr. Franklin Day," last year upon the retirement of the long-time Di- rector of the Station. Dr. Bergman has served the cranberry industry for rcany, many years. There will be a pi-esentation of gifts and speakers at this time will be Dr. Chester E. Cross, Sta- tion Director; Dr. Franklin, Dr. Frederick B. Chandler, Dr. George N. Darrell, head of the U. S. Bu- reau of Plants and Soils at Belts- ville, Maryland, and John C. Make- peace of Wareham. Recognition will also be paid to Mrs. 0. P. Griffith, who has been a frost warning distributor at Car- ver for more than 30 years and also of Clifford L. Davis of Wor- cester, who has been a weather observer at the Worcester post (important in preparation of frost forecasts) also for more than 30 years. Program will start at 10 a. m. with the customary business meet- ing, which includes the election of officers. There will be recognition of represntatives of marketing or- ganizations and inspection of com- mercial exhibits. Noon will bring a chicken pie dinner. At the re-opening of the meet- ing at one there will be a guest speaker, Louis Webster, Division of Marketing, Mass. Dept. of Agri- culture. Then will follow the pre- sentation of gifts to Dr. Bergman. As always, a real highlight of the meeting will be the release of the Government forecast of the size of the 1953 crop. A BRIEF BIOGRAPHY OF DR. BERGMAN Dr. Bergman's retirement will be after 27 years and five months of service with the Agricultural Research Admin- istration of the United States Department of Agriculture. He has worked in each of the four major cranberry pro- ducing states, but during most of his period of service he has been at the Cranberry Experi- ment Station at East Ware- ham. His research work and results should be known to every grower. His studies have consisted mainly of work on plant dis- eases, false blossom and, re- seai'ch upon a special interest of his own, the relation of the oxygen supply in flood waters to plant life, most particularly as concerns cranberries. He demonstrated that the best time to flood bogs is not on cloudy days, as many believed, but on bright sunny days. Injury to vines is less if the flooding is done in such weather. He also devoted much time to the relationship of oxygen deficiency and ice and snow upon bogs under flood. Dr. Bergman was born at Medicine Lodge, Kansas, Sep- tember 15, 1883. He is a grad- uate of Kansas State College, where he majored in botany. He took a postgraduate year at the University of Nebraska. He was in Minnesota as assist- ant professor in Botany, and while there he took additional postgraduate work, this time specializing in plant ecology, which is the relation of vegeta- tion to its environment. He re- ceived his Ph. D. in 1918. Following Minnesota he en- tered the service of the Bureau of Plant Industry, USDA. In this connection he first came in Nv." contact with cranberry grow- ing, his early work being in Massachusetts and New Jer- sey, followed by Wisconsin. He left the USDA and went to Honolulu to become profes- sor of botany at the then Col- lege of Hawaii but now the University of IIa\vaii, where he remained for ten years. In 1929 he returned to the serv- ice of the USDA. He was in Oregon in 1928 and also in Washington. In more recent years he has divided his time between studies at the Uni- versity of Massachusetts at Amherst, where he makes his home during the winter and studies at the Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station, East Wareham. He has been a contributor to many scientific journals, in- cluding the "Annals of Botany", a British journal; "The American Journal of Botany." He has graciously contributed to this magazine. Dr. Bergman is a member of the Botanical Society of Amer- ica, the American Society of Phytopathology, American So- ciety of Plant Physiologists, the American Mycological So- ciety, the American Genetic Association, the New England Botanical Club and is one of the Sigma XI fraternity. Even after retirement. Dr. Bergman will not cease his studies. He will continue work, "upon his own," upon plant life including cranber- ries; also in the same con- nection he will make observa- tions of the effects of frosts on cranberries, as often times it is difficult to determine whether injury is due to frost or oxygen deficiences. "I'll be doing these studies for my own satisfaction, as there are some theories I'd like to prove or disprove. I think there may be some theories wrong about some as- pects of the cranberry culture. When pressed if he might not take some leisure. Dr. Bergman admitted "occasion- ally I might take time off for a few diversions." Late Legislator Uccoivcs Cranberry Richards. Senator Robert A. Taft nTade at least one brief contact with the cranberry industry, when he visit- ed Edaville, South Carver, Mas- sachusetts, in July of 1951. At that time he was guest of the Plymouth County Republican Club. Wearing a brakeman's cap he Gift from Cranberry Queen Beverly (CRANBERRIES Photo) rode in the cab of the famous narrow-guage locomotive "No. 7." He was one of 1500 partaking of a clambake. Hundreds of photographs were taken during the day, these ap- pearing in publications over the countries. (CRANBERRIES photo) IISTRIBOTING AGENCY NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS for over a quarter century in United States and Canada WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 130 or 970 T»B ^ 9 Cj CO o cs -Hg ■S S. a d O O oi opq OJ o 4- m ax o o 2S ^j^ QJ CO be ! c OJJ go OJ si bjo ni J3 - yj "-^ en ex T3 a! '-5 "c oj r' ■' X on ;pQ O c^ ■■;3 3 •r o QJ O P3 CO fi . c ■^ X -t- QJ <-3 QJ H '-2 e-^ o p, c 5 .5 c >.^S - 3 to 3 "■ f-* CO Qj S H m So QJ -^ 'OJO C -a C3 c3 -^M QJ hti" o Q' O f, S >:; C 3:2 BLUEBERRY HARVEST AT MASSACHUSETTS STATE BOC This group, happily picking the hi liiiit i< Mrs. 'V liani E. Toniliiison, Jr., «( Sanamore and her five children. Almost hidden behind the bush is "Bill" Tomlinson, the third, next to Mrs. Tomlinson, Ceorjie, in foreground left to right, Barbara, Elizabeth and Richard. Mr. Tomlinson is entomologist at the Mas- sachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station. (CRANBERRIES Photo) The cultivated blueberry crop of IVassachusetts will be a good one this year — better than that of 1952. Earlier it seemed the drought might prove bad, but rains came just in time to save the fruit. Picking in general, began July TwMw, 15 and some will be harvest- ing until August 15. What the final total of quarts will be has not been estimated. At Massachusetts Cranberry Ex- periment Station the planting was opened to the public, as it has been for several years. This is done on a basis of "pick your own berries, in your own containers for 25 cents per quart." Many have availed themselves of this opportunity to gather their own fruit. Vol. 18 No. 4 ISSUE OF AUGUST 1953 L/ ^^^'^'^""^^ NEW JERSEY CONFIDENCE WE have visited New Jersey a number of times. We have found the growers in varying moods of optimism or discour- agement. History tells us that once Jersey was the leading state in production, and for quite sometime. A few years ago it looked as if the Garden State might almost be going out of the business, except maybe for a few bogs. There was a time when it seemed that blueberries would to a considerable degree supplant cranberry-growing in general interest. We haven't at hand production figures of the blues, but it must be high and will remain high. Yet, there seems to be a little of a reversal in popular appeal back to cranberries — an old standby. But, the point of this whole piece is this. After talking with several growers and several who might be termed prime sources of information, we come to the con- clusion ; that confidence in cranberry grow- ing has been renewed, there is growing enthusiasm, that Jersey will continue to be a cranberr.v state for a considerable time, at least, and will product bigger crops most years in the immediate future. AGAIN A SCIENTIST HONORED BY THE GROWERS T^HE Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associ- ation does well in paying a tribute to retiring Dr. H. F. Bergman, at its forth- coming annual meeting, as it did last year to Dr. Henry J. Franklin. The work of a scientist is not always at once apparent, for noticeable results, years often must elapse. With all due respects to you growers do you think you would be able to produce such crops as the industry is bringing forth now, without benefit of the research of the scientists? We would doubt this — and so do you. Insect control, weed control, frost control! Where would we be in these without our research workers? And the least of our "cranberry" scientists has not been Dr. Bergman. It is a different outlook for the Massa- chusetts crop at the end of July than of June. Do we hear of a U. S. crop of a mil- lion barrels, or possibly a little more being itjeiitioned? CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin C. D. HAMMOND, Jr. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington — Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey CODFISH are leaving Cape Cod, sci- entists working at the Woods Hole marine laboratory have concluded. This fish, fore- most since Pilgrim times, is now fifth in catch. Conclusion is that Cape waters are becoming too warm to suit the Cod. That means climatic change, which is borne out by weather bureau figures. It would look as if Cape cranberries will, for the immediate future, at least, be grown under warmer and presumably drier epnd}tion§, TW'-ti'^ Cranberry Literature Exchange Cranberry growers who have literature such as bulletins or articles pertaining to cranberries which they no longer want, may be interested in securing other bulletins or articles which they do not have. Cranberries will try to assist you in exchanging the literature which you do not want for some of the articles which you do want. If you are interested, send us the title of the publi- cation you have for exchange to "CRANBERRIES," Warehani, Mass., and specify what you you wish to have sent to you. We will publish the title you wish. As soon as it becomes available it will be forwarded to you. This is ? series offered by "CRANBERRIES" to get cran- berry literature to cranberry growers. It is a plan by which you Bend your duplicates or issues you no longer want for exchange for what you desire. Old issues of Cranberries may be sent in for newer issues or for other publications. No charge for this service. Slide-Flap-Controlled Reversible TRUFANT STRAIGHT-LINE PUMP Just a different installation of the basic pump. In this arrange- rnent the reversing operation is somewhat easier and more positive, since the position of the valve stems gives visible evidence of the position of the flap valves. The economy of the Trufant pump lies in its ease of installation. In the average location, a day's work with a clamshell will install (or remove) the pump. The reversible feature adds little to the cost. And you can have the working parts out on your workbench in a half hour. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. Cranberry Expert,. Enfhusiastic Of Industry Future Dr. Fi-ed B. Chandler, extension cranberry specialist from the Mas- sachusetts experimental station,, expressed* enthusiasm for tb« cranberry industry's future while visiting with cranberry growers in the Bandon area recently. Dr. Chandler was of the opinion that local yields could be substan- tially increased by, greater frost protection and more complete in- sect control, according to Jack Thienes, county extension agent. While spending two days in the Bandon area before going on to Washington and Canada, Dr. Chan- dler and his wife and daughters, Margaret and Betty, wer the guests of Mr. and Mrs. Ray Bates. "Western World," Bandon, Oregon, July 23 PROCESSING BERRIES The following is from the "Western World" of Brandon, Oregon: Oregon ranks sceond in the na- tion in the percentage of its cran- berry crop canned for year-round markets. Almost 84'7r of Oregon's 1.075- ton cranberry crop went to proces- sors last year, placing the Beaver state second only to Washington among ma.jor cranberry-producing states in the proportion of cran- berries processed, said Dr. H. E. Michl, economist for American Can Company. In the same year, Massachusetts processed only 55 9r of its crop, Wisconsin 32';^ and New Jersey 797r, with Washington processing 98 7f of its crop to lead the nation, he said. The economist for the container- manufacturing firm whose research laboratories develop new methods to improve the appearance and flavor of canned foods pointed out that available records show no Oregon cranberries were processed before 1937. In that year only 5.3'v of the crop was processed. By 194G nearly half of the state's cranberry crop was going to pro- Fourteen teS^'ors and 6V8ry year Since most Oregon-grown cranberries have ■been canned, Dr. Michl said. "Western World," Bandon, Oregon. Industry now spends more on agriculture research than govern- ment does. Perhaps this may come as an uprise to you. Yet estimates indicate that industry spends $140 million a year for research, on agri- cultural products and on machinery and materials used in agriculture. Public expenditures for agricultural research, both State and Federal total $107 million. Ezra Taft Ben- son, Secretary of Agriculture. CONTINUED FROM JULY ISSUE FINANCING THE CRANBERRY CROP Editor's Note: The following is a con- densation of a library thesis by Bernard T. McGowan, Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, First Federal Reserve District of Boston, after a comprehen- sive survey of he cranberry industry from the viewpoint of banking finance. The original paper is available, free of charge, upon application tothe Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, attention L. A. Zehner, asst. vice president, upon a basis of "first come, first served." A conden- sation will appear ii\ the "Federal Reserve Bank Monthly Review," which is mailed to every member bank in the country, financial houses, colleges and universities and research centers.) By Bernard T. McGowan During the period immedately following the war, the cranberry growers faced serious problems in spite of the strong organization within the industry. Production was increased from an average of 715,000 barrels in the 1939-1948 period to 984,300 barrels in the 1950-1951 season, an all time rec- ord. The production for the 1951 season was 932,500 barrels. By] 1948, it became apparent that canned cranberries could not be sold in the quantities packed and under the many unknown and un- advertised brands that had sprung up. These supplies backed up in the channels of distribution, and the prices fell to disastrous levels. A surplus of berries for canning increased to nearly 500,000 barrels. As this surplus grew, it acted as a drug on both the fresh and pro- cessed markets. The burden fell upon the fresh fruit market to sell unusually large quantities. Here, the induftry came into competition with itself. The cranberry is a food item which retailers often use as a "sales leader." This is shown by the figures indicating that the greatest quantity is sold during the fresh fruit season. These sales in- dicate that the canned product is acceptable to a very lai'ge percen- tage of the population. Thus, a profitable price cannot be com- manded for the fresh fruit in com- petition with a low-priced can. Furthermore, when the price of the can is low, the trade realizes that it can get neither price nor volume from the sale of fresh fruit and is inclined not to handle cranberries in any form. By using a cheap can to push sales of the canned product during the fresh fruit season, both the market and consumer are diverted from the fresh fruit The unit sales are then made in terms of the can- ned product instead of the cello- phane pound package of fresh fruit. The processed can contains but one-third of a pound of cran- berries, the rest being sugar and water. It appears that the Industry has been attempting to promote one-third pound sales at the ex- pense of one pound sales when there are not enough potential sales units to absorb this dilution. Formation of Growers' Council To solve this paradoxial situation the growers turned to their coop- eratives. In analyzing the situ- ation, it was seen that the need was for orderly marketing of the cranberries and to build back tthe lost demand. Out of the need grew the formation of the Cranberry Growers' Council, an organization of grower-members of the two co- operatives and other growers. These growers charged the Council with determining how much of the crop to sell fresh, and how much to process, and with approving ad- vertising budgets. The three-year operational experiment of the Council has produced some encour- aging results. The large carry- over has been eliminated, sales of fresh and processed fruit have in- creased, and order and confidence has been restored to cranberry marketing by assuring the trade that most cranberry groweres were woi'king together to solve their problems. The adherence by the cooperatives to the marketing pro- gram recommended by the Council is one of the most important hap- penings to the industry in many years. Financing the Cranberry Crop The early history of cranberiy growing in the United States, and particularly in the Cape Cod region of Massachusetts, was for the most part, pioneered by those natives who were fortunate enough to own CRANBERRY PROPERTY Central Wisconsin Must sacrifice property near Wyeville, Wis., because of other business interests. Level clear marsh capable of developing 70 acres. Abundant good water, reservoir built, dam in, excellent roads, labor supply. We can refer you to indepen- dent cranberry experts who know this property. Available at fraction of value according to bank loan appraisal. This is the finest potential marsh in central Wisconsin. Write or call GEORGE SPEAS Necedah, Wis. HUBBARD Insecticides Fungicides Dusts or Sprays A Complete Line and Prompt Service The ROGERS & HUBBARD Co. Portland, Connecticut Fifteen WITH "ABC Couriers & vaives No hooks— Ho lolches! ...portable one-man ROTO-RAIN cuts labor costs, saves water... assures bigger and better crops. Ideal for row crops, pastures, orchards. Aluminum or galvanized. Self-locking "ABC" COUPLERS and VALVES for speedy con- nections and control. Systems engineered to your needs. Other AMES Irrigation Systems: PERF-O-RAIN low pressure sprinkling GATED PIPE for controlled furrow watering Also SYPHONS for furrows; SURFACE PIPE for flooding; TOW-A-LINE power moves for pastures. S«e your Amei dealer or send coupon to nearest plant (or helplul illustrated folders. Free planning service. ULRflmESCO.Dept 150 Hooper St., San Francisco, or 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa, Fla. Distributed by CHARLES W. HARRIS COMPANY 26 Somerset Ave., North Dighton, Mass. Send full information on systems checked: D RotoRain; D Pert 0 Rain; D Tow-A-Line; n Gated Pipe; D Syphons Name- READ CRANBERRIES ADS suitable bog lands upoii which they constructed the first bogs. Their investment was principally their own labor. The rapid success of these early bog ventures led to larger projects, which required more labor and capital than the individual had at his disposal. The first solution to this problem was by the way o:? a joint-venture part- nership, where the bog was con- structed "on shares"; an informal arrangement by which a few friends or relatives each contributed that which he was capable of giv- ing, namely: land, labor, or funds. Each then shared in the partner- ship to the extent of his contribu- tion. In many cases, however, there was not even a formal ari'ange- ment for dividing the real estate or the ensuing crops. In some in- stances, the verbal arrangements made by the original parties are still being used by the descendants of the original owners. Many of the early growers who planned to extend their holdings sought financial help from individ- ual lenders. Here was the begin- ning of large concentration of hold- ing by the grower-lender. The terms of their loans were such t:iat they were largely favorable to the lender; a breach of contract meant speedily foreclosure and a new bog for the lender. The building of a bog is a three- to four year proposition before a crop can be raised the return from which can be expected to be over the cost of maintenance. In the years past, it was considered that a bearing bog would repay its cost of building and maintenance within a 10-year period. Today, with taxes eating heavily into earnings, with increased mainten- ance and harvesting costs, it is rather doubtful that full amorti- zation could be accompilshed within the old lO-year period. Financing for construction purposes, then, is in the nature of capital lending and not within the functions of com- mercial banking. Some financing for construction purposes has been done by savings bank where the mortgage was written to cover other real estate of the borrower besides the bog. Commercial Banks Change Viewpoint For many years commercial banks were very reluctant to make loans on established bogs, due, in part to the rather hazardous crop prospects from year to year and to the lack of an organized market for the crops when harvested. To- day, with the increased use of sci- entific knowledge in cranberry cul- ture and with the means at hand for controlling, to a large extent, the natural risks that made the an- nual crop uncertain, the commer- cial bank is more willing to con- sider the bog loan application upon application upon its own merits and not reject it per se. Another rea- son for this considered attention by the banks is the more orderly marketing program and the stabil- izing influence of the Cranberry Growers' Council over the entire industry. From a survey of the lending policies of the banks situated in the cranberry growing regions of the country, it was found that all ex- tend short-term credit with satis- factory results. These banks make crop production loans to cranberry growers, generally supported by the financial responsibility of the borrower, with payment schedules predicted upon the estimated in- come from operations and all re- quiring full liquidation each sea. son. In a few instances, the banks added further support to these loans by taking a crop mortgage to assure themselves of receiving all returns from the cranberry sales and, if sold through a cooperative pool, they request an assignment and an acknowledgement from the cooperatives. The notes under which these short-term lines are usually drawn have a maturity date to coincide with the date the funds will be available from crop sales to effect liquidation. These banks likewise report that they have never experienced a loss on any loan to a cranberry grower for the purchase of existing bogs. The banks in Oregon, Washington and Wisconsin report that they have experienced some very dilTicult workouts in loans of this type. The principal reason for these workouts was chiefly due to the unrealistic appraisals made of the bog prop- erty whereas more conservative ap- praisals were made in the East and, furthermore, they required the bor- rower to put in of his own funds Sixteen as much or more than the tank it- self was willing to risk. Also, in the East, there is a hard and fast rule of extending credit for bog purchases only to experienced growers. Great Importance of Appraisal Much of the trouble that, befell the cranberry grower of recent years was due in a large measure to the over-granting of credit based upon unrealistic appraisals of bog property. Cranberry culture being a very specialized form of agricul- ture requires a more comprehensive method of appraisal than is gen- erally necessary for any other agri- cultural pursuit. Bog Appraisal Preliminary review of the com- pleted loan application by the Loaning Officer, who then passes it along to the Real Estate Commit- tee for appraisal. 1. The applicant is scored on the following basis: a. Experience b. Character c. Capacity d. Capital 2. The Bog property: —20% —10% —10% —10% 50% 50% 100% The real Estate Committee views and examines the bog property. At least one of the members of this committee being an experienced cranberry grower. The maximum percentage values alloted to the following bog properties are: Bog, 10%: Title: Clear, Cloudy — If so. can impediments be easily removed? Size: Number of acres — . (A six to an eight acre bog be properly cared for by the owner with a minimum of hired help. Larger acreage re- quires additional help.) Shape: Is the bog level? — . Is it well adapted for the use of mechan- ical harvesting equipment — ? Depth of peat — . pH content of humus — . (Minimum pH require- ment of 4.0 Field test pH — . (Acid content). Type of bottom — . (Hard bottom requires more fertilizer). Age — yrs. (May reflect on bog condition if there is evidence of neglect). Facilties: Kind, Condition, Suit- ability— \\nmmiiniuL CRANBERRIES The RED BOOK is a "bible" of the produce business, rating all these engaged in any way as to both financial and moral standing. A very small percentage of the firms receive an additional recognition known as the "RED BOOK Business Character Award". It is, in their words, given to firms with "a high degree of financial stability and whose records and trade dealings are con- sistently favorable". INDIAN TRAIL holds this award, which is particularly gratifying due to the relatively few years that we have been engaged in business. Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN Water Supply, 5%: Quantity, sufl'icient for all seasonal requirements or, is it only ample for early seasonal purpose ? Quality: Alkaline, Acid, (Litmus Paper Test.) Ownership: — Does theowner have uncontested rights to the source of supply? Location, 5%: Does the location permit easy gravity flooding and draining? Does the location require water pumping facilities ? — If so, is the water supply nearby and can this water be handled economically? — Flooding, Draining. Planting, 5%: Varieties: Standard, Mixed Condition of vines Evidence of disease — If so, kind — ? Treatment— ? Evidence of insect damage — If so, kind—? Treatment — ? Sand, 5%: Quality, Quantity, Availability Date of last sanding — ? Production, 20%: Average production for the last 5 to 10 years. Source of production figures: Own- er, Cooperative. The level of bog values being- tied to the average annual per acre yields. There are costs com- mon to all bog operations, regard- less of the per acre yields but there is a diminisliing return to the gr^ower as production goes down. The bog being classified accord- ing to its annual per acre yields: Production Over Over GO bbls. 50 bbls. 20% 15% Over Over 40 bbls. .SO bbls. 10% 5% If the average annual production recoi-d of an established bog is un- der .30 barrels per acre, it is con- sidered as not having a sufficient earning potential to warrant fur- ther consideration. If the present production is be- low average, is it the fault of the management, the bog, or a com- bination of both? If the property that is being ap- praised is comparatively new and without a production record, com- parisons are made with similar properties having approximately similai- conditions, to estimate the probable per-acre yields. Bog pro- duction classification is then made on the basis of the estimated yields. The foregoing method of bog ap- praisal is a more realistic approach in determining the fair value of cranberry bog property for mort- gage loan purposes. With cran- berry bog property having a value of .$2,500 to $3,000 an acre, the maximum amount the bank will ad- Seven teen vante Is 50 pereentof the pei- acre value, and that amount is only ad- van .'ed when the Real Estate Com- mittee gives a 100 percent rating to the bog property. All other ad- vances being based proportionately upon the percentage rating deter- mined for the bog. The basis appraisal would, of Course, be necessary if the appli- cant were an individual or company engaged in cranberry growing. If the applicant were a company, in- corporated or not, the procedure before the granting would not be quite as simple as that of a loan to .\n individual grower. The bank would request certain other infor- mation and documents from the '.'ompany which would define the conditions of the loan which would be incorporated in the Loan Agree- ment. In discussions and correspond- ence with loading bankers and spokesmen for the industry, the conclusion could not be escaped that the cooperatives were actively taking care of the financing needs of the industry and that their poli:ies were such as to preclude successful bank competition. How- ever, with one of these cooperatives discontinuing financial services to its members and another restrict- ing those services, the growers are, perforce, obliged to look to their banks, governmental agencies, or private sources for their cei-dit needs. Now that the industry ap- parently is on the threshold of a brighter future, it becomes readily apparent that, if it is to thrive and be prosperous in the future, credit must be made available, and if such credit is to bo soundly based it must flow from the banks. Financing the Private Distributing Agencies The private distribuiting agen- cies not only market the berries which they themselves grow but also the berries received from other non-member growers. These agen- cies are, for the most part, finan- cially capable of taking cai-e of their own seasonal needs and sel- dom require outside assistance. Am])le bank credit is available to these agencies on an unsecured basis. Financing the Cooperatives Ample credit for the sales com- panies for their normal operations has in the past, been available from the banking system, and the ex- perience has been satisfactory. Since their normal seasonal needs are beyond the legal limits of the LOOK— STUDY! THE 5 POINTS LISTED BELOW. They tell you why you can have confidence in us • Nationwide Distribution lor (ape Cod Cranberries O Aggressive sales planning and control © iCITiclent and economical operations ® Simplified accounting — prompt payments • Cooperating with other agencies to coi rect present weaknesses of the cranberry industry. — •— MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBEStRY CGOPiRATIVE, Inc. 17 Court Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 country banks, they have obtained this credit from the city banks. The large procession cooperatives have for many years used the fa- cilities of the Springfield Bank for Cooperatives for their credit needs. Presently, they have outstanding a working capital loan, which is seasonal and self-liquidating loan and is based more upon the finan- cial condition and the operating record than upon the security avail- able. They also have outstanding a facility loan which is in the form of mortgages covering the real estate and fi.xed equipment of the canning plants located in the five producing areas. The Springfield Bank for Cooperatives report satis- factory performance for these loans and maintains that it is better equipped to service the needs of this cooperative than are commer- cial banks, because of its special- ized knowledge and experienced personel engaged in servicing this branch of agriculture. Further- more, this institution claims a more sympathetic attitude toward agri- cultural endeavors, an attitude not always shared by commercial banks. Future of the Industry The future of the cranberry in- dustry in the United States would be diff^icult to project. The crops of recent years were disposed of at prices which were quite satisfac- tory to he cranberry growers. The better returns have created opti- mism among the growers, and the winter sanding operations have been reported in all the cranberry growing regions. This sanding should result in higher yields and even better returns for the cran- berry grower in this and succeed- ing years. The working arrangements be- tween the two large cooperatives will be continued for an indefinite period through the Cranberry Growers' Council. If the pattern developing from the marketing program as recommended by the Council is used as a basis for future policies, it will result in the most su-'cessful decade for the cranberry growers that has ever been ex- perienced. Conclusion The mechanization of this indus- try will create a large potential of new business for the commercial Eiffhteen banks in the several growing re- gions. The cranberry industry ap- pears ready and willing to offer to these commercial banks an op- portunity to make constructive and pi'ofitable short-term loans. How- ever, these commercial banks will be required to compete with the aggressive lending policies of gov- ernmental lending agencies and the Cranberry Credit Corporation for this business, must recognize the necessity for arranging terms to fit the particular borrower, and ad- just maturities to coincide with the sale of the crop. Conservatism and caution are indicated for all long-term loans to the cranberry industry, until a greater degree of hai'mony exists within the industry, and the mar- kets for cranberries remains I'estabilized. OREGON CRANBERRY FIELD DAY AUG. 30 Southwestern Oregon Cranberry Club is to hold its annual field day August 30th. Members and guests will visit various bogs in the Ban- don area. These bogs will be those on which the owners have worked on various insect control and other problenjs. The executive committee of the organization met at the home of Mr. and Mrs. C. F. St. Sure to work out the final plans and to set the date. MR. URANN WITHDRAWS HIS CANDIDACY M. L. Urann is withdrawing as a candidate for another term rep- resenting NCA on the Board of Directors of the Farm Credit Ad- ministration at Springfield, Mass. He has served a number of years but now is planning to devote his full time to NCA's business, which is increasing in sales each year. Ten percent is the reduction in insurance costs in most of New England when lightning rods are installed on farm buildings ac- cording to Master Label Standards. With the additional security that a lightning rod system affords, rods make a pretty good invest- ment. Fresh From the Fields (Continued from page 5) probably served as a warning for promptness of irrigation between now and harvest in case of another hot, dry spell. Fort to Wisconsin Walter Z. Fort has flown to Wisconsin Rapids to show his cranberry kodachrome slides at the annual meeting of the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Associ- ation on August 8th. WISCONSIN Hope for Above Average Crop Berries continue to grow very well. Fruit, in ripening is ahead of last year. Berries are of an average size. Feeling is there should be an above average pro- duction. Insect Damage Light Insect damage was very light up to August 4th. Frost damage, on the average was not too severe. Plenty of Fall Water From July 25th to August 4th there was a heavy amount of rain. Reservoirs are full, so there should be no shortage of water for fall frost flowage. Personal C. D. Hammond, Jr., general manager of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company, in late July, was Protects Cranguyma! ProvidiV Protectioiv^/fron Frost and Drought at Cranguyma Farms, PHOTO COURTESY OF PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL '■""8 Beach, Wash. OPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning departincnris at your service. Consult us today ivithoiit obligation. Sliinkitt lingillon lisociili NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNfA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES, 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, ILL. NiDetcen AUGUST Is a Hot and Busy Month A time when you need every Labor and time saving assistance possible. ELECTRICITY Is an economical and invaluable servant. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 ^ DECAS BROTHERS Growers Of Cape Cod Cranberries Phone 147 WAREHAM, MASS. In Answering Advertisements Please Mention CRANBERRIES a visitor to Canada, where he visited marshes at Drummonsville, Mactier and Balla. He found there had been severe damape there from frost and also some blackheaded fire worm. Weather .July weather was both warm eind wet. Sufficient Rain Maximum temperatures were well above normal and minima were slightly above. Precipitation was near to a little above normal over northern bogs but was well above the average over the central and southern marshes. Light Hail Damage Moderate to heavy showers were widespread on 19th, 21st, and 28th while light to moderate showers oc- curred frequently, mostly during the last two decades. Hail was re- ported from several marshes in the west-central and extreme south- western areas shortly after July 1st but overall damage was classi- fied as very light. Moderate to locally heavy rains continued for the first three days of August. Low Temperatures Temperatures were uniformly low on mornings of 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 24th with readings on those dates in the middle and high thir- ties. Bog thermometei's reached as low as 32 degrees on 8th and 10th while a few colder marshes in the north reported 28 to 30 degrees on morning of 24th. Except for low 40's on 6th, 19th and 23rd, readings were well up into the 50's or low 60's. Arthur F. Wolford, Meteorologist MANY LAWNS SURVIVE WEEKS WITHOUT WATER The lawn can turn yellow or brown in hot weather without dy- ing. Many lawn areas can survive in this condition for several weeks without water, advises Dr. Ralph E. Engel, extension turf specialist at Rutgers University, New Jersey. Avoid watering the lawn as long as thei'e is soil moisture in the root zone, he suggests. Apply the water slowly to pre- vent runolV 01- standing water, if you find youi' lawn is I'eally dying. Discontinue watering when the Twenty moisture has reached a depth of 4 to 6 inches. Usually one good watering a week is enough for most lawns even in dry hot weather. Frequene sprinkling encourages crabgrass to spread rapidly. And too much wa- ter may destroy turf grasses. Has your town any building laws? A good building code is one of the best preventives against fire. The National Building Code preparted by the National Board of Fire Underwriters, 85 John St., N. Y., is suggested as a good basis for a local law. The Worcester County tornado showed up the lack of windstorm insurance on farms. Only one dol- lar in five of the farm loss was covered by insurance. The farmers themselves had to stand the rest of the loss. AT YOUR SERVICE Let us make a free survey of your bogs for Sprinkler Irrigation Frost Control Portable and Stationary Pumps and Power Units Tractors and equipment of all sizes for care and maintenance of your bog FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 CORKECTION: The words in bold type "more than" third line were omitted from the ad below in the July issue, through a printer's error, spoiling the sense. Ad is now as it should have appeared. The NEW ENGLAND CRANBERRY SALES COMPANY, the largest unit of EATMOR CRANBERRIES, INC., does not claim that more than the market price can be obtained for any of its shipments or brands of cranberries but does claim that it obtains through Special Merchandising Services and National Advertising, TOP PRICES for its members' cranberries. During the past three years these TOP PRICES have grossed to our members a total of $4,362,258.75 with more to be added to this figure when the 1952 All Season General Shipment is closed. Eatmor Cranberries New England Cranberry Sales Company (The Cranberry Cooperative) Telephone 200 9 Station Street, Middleboro, Mass. Amherst, JUaes. (x) TO GROWERS WHO ARE NOT MEMBERS OF NCA... Dear Fellow Grower: If you have been selling your cranberries through a sales agent who finds a ready market for all your berries, who is giving you good service and getting good re- turns, then read no further. This letter is not for you. No one can serve you better than that. But if you have been dissatisfied with your affiliations, we invite you to ex- plore what NCA has to offer and what it is that seems to satisfy the 1900 cranberry growers who are members of this cooperative. Our objectives are these: 1. To receive our members' berries just as fast as they are harvested in order to avoid shrinkage. Most of our members deliver their berries to canning plants the day they are picked. 2. To find a market for increasing crops. Ocean Spray has increased its consumer sales steadily year after year until today Ocean Spray sales are at a national average of .8'< of a pound per pei'son. 3. Our aim for 1953-54 is "More Dollars for More Berries." If these objectives are the same objectives that you want, we invite you to stop in at any one of our plants and explore still further what benefits NCA can offer you. Or, if you cannot come in person, write or telephone and we shall gladly send some- one to you. 1900 growers who produce more than 50' < of the national crop find it worth- while to be members of NCA. Maybe there's something in it for you, too. National Cranberry Association THE GROWERS' COOPERATIVE Hanson, Massachusetts SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD HEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON 30 Cents EATMOR Cranberries, Inc., publicity shot, opening: the season's fresh fruit selli campaign. (Story on page 19) SEPTEMBER 1953 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jer»ey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS ?Iail & Cole Estsblishxl 1848 Incorporat««l Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham FalmouL'h Hyannis Provincetown Vin( yard Haven Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes lo Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES E^tpert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emerrency I'ditable and All AppHcationi Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. EQUIPMENT The National Bank of Wareham CeDVU&lviatly located for Cranberry men Funds always available for sound loans HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS PUMPS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SEPARATORS - AND CONVEYORS Complete Banking Service Member Federml Dcpoiit TnsuraHC* Corp. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Boys and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. T.l. Wl DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR 5-6100, B-6101 FORD fNDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD South Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood INSECTICIDES CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters ^ffSt Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York • • • "cranberries" was the oj-iginal and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. • • • V Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation SERVICES BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. FOR SALE Wooden Cranberry Dryers, Crates, Scoops and Rakes South Paris, Maine Write M. F. FLETCHER 1134 So. Thomas St. Arlington, Va. One DIRECTORY FOR C'RiXN BERRY GROWERS WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J.&J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 FOR SALE Quarter Barrel Cranberry Shipping Boxes FRANK H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Special Service Have your uplands mowed by Cub Tractor before picking season. Morse & Thacher Wareham 405-W-4 or Hyannis 715-M Growers Hold Meeting At Wisconsin Wisconsin's record crop was forecast, in a preliminary estimate, by Leo A. Sorenson, secretary- treasure of Wisconsin State Cran- berry Growers' Association at the annual meeting of that group at the Whittlesey Cranberry Company bogs, Cranmoor August 7. His forecast was for 250,000 barrels, (later Gov. figure 255,000) this crop Cranberry Prices Harold Bryant, general man- ager of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., announced this noon its opening price for Cranberries as SI 7 per barrel which com- pares to $19 for the short crop of last year and S15 in 1951. Mr. Bryant felt that this was a level which would promote necessary increased distribu- tion at the start of the season and would allow gradual price rises thereafter during the season. Because of the hot weather there has been a delay in the coloring of the fruit and Eat- mor shipments won't begin in volume much before Sept. 20. being due, he said, to 1,000 more acres bearing now than in 1948 when Wisconsin established its pre- vious record of 250,000; and a high percentage of blossoms turning into fruit, plus the size of the ber- ries. Meeting opened at 10 a. m., when various cranberry equipment was placed on display and demonsti-a- tions given. This included mechan- ical pickers, pruners, clippers, dust- ers, ditch diggers. Growers also saw an irrigation project devel- oped by Newell Jasperson, opera- tor of the Whittlesey property. Afternoon session, beginning at 1:30, brought the guest speaker, Walter Z. Port, general manager of Growers' Cranberry Company, New Jersey. Fort showed his re- markable collection of colored slides on cranberry insects, cul- ture, etc., which is recognized as the most outstanding in the in- dustry. It was the first showing in Wisconsin and met with the most favorable response, as did Fort's accompanying comments. Several research men and de- partment heads from the Univer- sity of Wisconsin who are setting up program's for cranberry fruit- worm control and weed control lor the Growers' Association at- tended the meeting and were in- troduced. Two Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Massachusetts cranberry grow- ers experienced a variety of weath- er conditions in August typical of New. England. Temperatures dropped into the low 30's on some bogs early in the month and have ranged well over 100 degrees the last few days. A hurricane passed uncomfortably close to Cape Cod August 15 and left nearly a 5-inch rainfall which flooded many bogs. At the present time (September 3) a record heat wave for this time of season has hit the Cape. We have already encountered five con- secutive days when temperatures of 90 degrees of higher were recorded in our weather shelter. In spite of these extreme conditions dam- age to the crop from flood and heat has not averaged much over 3 per- cent. However, if the present heat wave continues a few more days and increases in intensity, the Mas- sachusettse crop could be cut sub- stantially. The heat and lack of rain since mid-August has greatly reduced our rather ample water supplies enjoyed at that time. A real "nor-easter" would be a wel- come relief from the present weather pattern. Harvest We expect harvesting will begin quite generally about Sept. 8. Many growers had planned to start picking a few days earlier but postponed operations because of the excessive heat. There is some evidence of a shortage of harvest labor. It would seem at this time that the special cranberry labor committee, under the able guidance of Frank Butler, exei'cised good judgement when plans were ini- tiated last June to import some Puerto Ricans this fall. The Divi- sion of Employment Security, known locally as the Employment Service, worked very closely with our cranberry labor committee and their fine cooperation is appre- ciated. Approximately 200 Puerto Ricans have arrived and will supplement our local labor forces. We hope that their visit will be a pleasant one. The employment cffices in New Bedford, Brockton, and Hyannis have established tem- porary field offices throughout the cranberry area for the convenience of growers in recruiting and plac- ing local help which is our first responsibility. Fall Irost The subject of harvesting and its related problem is always brings to mind the threat of fall frost. Frankly, it requires a little im- agination to even diicuss frost as this article goes to press. However, plans have been completed to send out frost warnings as usual. The Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation is again sponsoring the popular telephone frost warning service. We still need new sub- scribers and hope growers will en- courage their neighbors to become frost members if they value this work. The fall radio schedule which supplements the telephone frost warning service will be as below: Management A few suggestions on fall man- agement are outlined for the grow- ers consideration. We believe that it is good practice to flood a bog as soon as it has been picked re- gardless of whether the floods are to be salvaged. This flood has a double purpose. It gives the vines STATION PLACE WBZ Boston WOCB W. Yarmouth WBSM New Bedford DIAL A.M. Afternoon Evenings P.M. 1030 K. 92.9-46.7 mg. 2:30 Monday-Friday 9:30 1240 K. 94.3 mg. 3:00 9:30 1230 K. 97.3 mg. 3:00 9:00 a good drink of water which helps revive them after the rough pick- ing- operation, and it removes much of the harmful trash that accumu- lates on bogs each year. We refer to it as the "fall clean-up flood." The airplane propellor-type float boat driven over the flooded bogs at high speeds does an excellent job of bringing up this trash to the surface of the water where it can be collected and disposed of in suitable manner. Insect Control The cranberry girdler may need attention on some bogs at this time of year. A full flood is ef- fective in controlling this pest. The flood should be put on between Sept. 15-26 and held six days. In severe cases, it is sometimes neces- sary to hold the flood with berries still on the vines. The Howes vari- ety should stand this flood very well and still be suitable for the fresh fruit market, while the Early Blacks usually have to be sold to the processor. In most instances Early Blacks could be harvested prior to this flooding treatment. For bogs lacking an adequate winter flood, we suggest that prun- ing, raking, and sanding operations be postponed until next spring. Apparently the mechnical injury to the vines makes them more sub- ject to winter killing. Checking the spread of the fun- gus disease known as fairy ring is another fall task. It is easily recognized on bogs as those circu- lar areas of dead or dying vines. Dr. Bergman recommends the cop- per sulfate treatment as outlined on the Insect and Disease Control Chart. Applications should be made from mid-September through Octo- ber after the berries have been picked. At this time the writer Please note the chang^e in time for Radio Station WBZ Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER. WISCONSIN 1. Growers supplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. ThrM Last minute Instructions to users of the Western Picker: 1. Keep the points of the teeth about 12 inches ahead of the face of the Vine Roller. 2. Keep the side shoes at least one quarter inch above ground. 3. Keep the points of the teeth about three quarters of an inch above the ground for most vines. 4. Keep the tooth space on the right side next to the closed off space about one half the width of the other spaces because all cross run- ners tend to constrict them- selves to this space. 5. On the 1953 Models, hang a piece of cloth over back tie rod to prevent ber- ries going over back edge of sack. 6. Move dolly to very back edge of platform. 7. At end of season spray teeth with light oil to pre- serve finel polish acquired during picking season. 8. If you have any persis- tent trouble call Frank Cook Service, Middleboro 763-M-3. Four would like to express his appreci- ation to Dr. Bergman for his valu- able contributions to these month- ly! articles. It has been a real privi- lege to have worked with him. We at the Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion are happy that Dr. Bergman will be with us after his retirement and that he plans to do some pri- vate research. Growers appear to be reasonably optimistic as we enter a new mar- keting season. Progress was made last year in establishing greater confidence with the trade by fur- nishing them with a good pack at fair prices under relatively stable marketing conditions. Let's do our part by furnishing- these selling agencies with high quality fruit. This means careful handling of the crop from harvest through their screening operation. Avoid as much bruising of the fruit as possible, remove field heat from the berries, and screen carefully. It is im- portant that those first shipments be judged favorably by jobbers, wholesalers, retailers and Mrs. Consumer, and that we maintain a high quality pack, both fresh and processed, throughout the season. COUNCIL ALLOCATION AFTER MIDDLE OF THIS MONTH Cranberry Growers' Council, meeting at the Onset NCA cannery plant, August 18, immediately after hearing Government estimates of the 1953 crop at the Cape growers' meeting, decided the allocation to its members between fresh and pro- cessed, will be made shortly after the middle of September. Last year this was announced October 11th. John C. Makepeace, pi'esident of the body said it was advisable that no allocation be made earlier — pro- duction could vary considerably fiom the preliminary 1,075,000 forecast, among possible causes being an East Coast hurricane, sev- ere frost, or any one of a number of factors. Also at that time a better check on quality is ascertain- able. One solution to the spending problem would be to place a limit on what luxuries the Joneses could have and let them set the pace for the neighbors. LABOR SAVING ^ ROTO- RAIN REVOLVING SPRINKLER SYSTEMS I "ABC" '"couplers & VAIVES No hooks— No latdiwl . . . portable one-man ROTO-RAIN cuts labor costs, saves water... assures bigger and better crops. Ideal for row crops, pastures, orchards. Aluminum or galvanized. Self-locking "ABC" COUPLERS and VALVES for speedy con- nections and control. Systems engineered to yotir needs. Other AMES Irrigation Systems: PERF-0-RAIN low pressure sprinkling GATED PIPE for controlled furrow watering Also SYPHONS for furrows; SURFACE PIPE for flooding; TOW-A-LINE power moves for pastures. See your Amei dealer or send coupon to nearett plant for helpful illultrated folders. Free planning serrict. iu.R.nmEsco.°ep. 150 Hooper St., San Francisco, or 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa, Fla. Distributed by CHARLES H. REED 156 School Street Seekonk, Mass. Send full information on systems checked: n Roto-Rain; D Perf ORain; n Tow-A-Line; n Gated Pipe; D Syphons Name ■ Address Town Crops. _State_ _Acres_ READ CRANBERRIES ADS O ^^''''''^'''""' "'^^A^f'^ ISSUE OF SEPTEMBER 1953 -VOL. NO. 5 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Waieham, Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-ofFice at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FiELDS Compiled by C J. H, MASSACHUSETTS Late August Not Too Good Harvesting got under way in earnest for most growers Tuesday, Sept. 8th. August after the first three weeks, or so, did not come up to hopes. Temperatures ran a little bit above normal. There was an excess of rain for the month, 5.58 inches. There were not the bright, cool days desired. Earliest picking, however, began on August 24th, but these were not berries to go on the fresh market. The fruit by the 8th was slow in color contrary to expectations, and the size was not increasing rapidly. The rains helped some, with .62 inches up to that date being recorded at the East Ware- ham State Bog. Cool nights, were being hoped for. Labor Help, local, plus about 200 Puerto Ricans, with the mechanical har- vesters now in use, did not appear to be a problem. NEW JERSEY Weather The weather at Pemberton dur- ing the month of August was a lit- tle cooler and dryer than normal. The temperature averaged 72.6° P., 1.70 below normal, and the pre- cipitation was 4.15 inches, .63 in- ches below normal. An extremely hot period during the last six days of the month, during which the maximum temperatures were from 92° to 98°, caused some withering of berries. The rainfall was not well distributed since only .24 inches occurred after the 17th. As of the 1st of September, cranber- ries were in definite need of rain; continuation of the drought could result in many undersized berries. Harvesting Conditions The severe heat is delaying the cranberry harvest. On most prop- erties, some Early Blacks were ready to pick on September 1. So far, browned berries were not vis- ible on the vines except on high sandy areas and some low wet spots. However, once the berries were off the vines and in the. scoop- ers' crates, they have sunburned quickly. Growers' Meeting The annual summer meeting was attended by over 80 persons. Fol- lowing the speaking program, which is reported in this issue, there was an interesting tour of the Stanley Switlik bogs at Mayetta and Stafford Forge. Extensive changes have been made, especially by construction of roads across the large bog areas so that all parts of the bog are easily accessible. WASHINGTON Washington Might Have Hit 75,000 This state could possibly have hit 75,000 barrels this year instead of the estimated 49,400 had it not been for the bad May frost, in the opinion of Dr. Crowley. Berries are large and there was little or no loss from insects or disease. Washing- ton last year had its record, 57,- 500, while the 1942-51 average is 38,030. Therefore 75,000 would have been practically double. Bulk Harvesting Starts Sept. 25th What few Early Blacks there are were being harvested the first part of September; the bulk of the pick- ing scheduled to begin about the 25th of this month. WISCONSIN August Ended Beautifully Weather at August ending was beautiful and ideal for the growing of cranberries, although there could well have been more rain. Berries were sizing up very well and starting to color. Fruitworm Control Effective Contributing to the estimated record production of 255,000 bar- rels was the fact, fruit worm dam- age did not turn out to be as ser- ious as feared, but this was prim- arilly due to the extensive control work the growers did. Labor Adequate, But Not Plentiful A number of growers are ex- pecting picking will start anywhere from the 15th to the 25th of Sep- tember. Pre-harvest indications are that harvest labor will be ade- quate, but not plentiful. Cranberry Weather Precipitation in August, while totals were not far from normal, was plentiful during the first de- cade and was mostly very light for (Continued on Page 18) KILL WEEDS AT LESS COST | WITH AMSCO STODDARD SOLVENT PROVIDENCE, R. I. Hopkins 370 Aliens Avenue .1-1300 BOSTON, MASS. Prospect 60 Foley Street . 6-8100 CHICAGO, ILL. Andover 230 N. Michigan , 3-3060 NEW YORK CITY Murray Hill 156 E. 44th Street 2-6490 PHILADELPHIA. PA. Caldwell Lane Conshohocken, Pa. 6-1010 MILWAUKEE, WIS. Greenfield 1719 S. 83rd St. . 6-2630 LOS ANGELES. Calif. 8600 S. Garfield Ave.Madison | South Gate, Calif. 9-2179 PORTLAND. ORE. Topaz S. W. Gibbs St. 2-8101 Service in 48 States AMERICAN MINERAL SPIRITS COMPANY Fin Retiring Ui"- H. F. BeiHnian gives farewell address to members ol (ape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation, August 18, at State Bog, East Wareham. To his right are president E. L. Bartholomew; treas- urer Mrs. Ruth Beaton, and secretary Gilbert T. Beaton. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Million-Barrel Crop Estimate is Met With Confidence Distributors at Annual Meet- ing of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association Say Crop Can Be Marketed — Dr. Bergman, Retiring Re- searcher Honored, As Are Two Long-Time Workers In Frost Reports. Dr. H. F. Bergman, Senior Pa- thologist, United States Depart- ment of Agriculture retiring after 26 years and five months of service with Agricultural Resoai'ch Ad- ministration was suitably honored at the G6th annual meeting- of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associ- ation, at Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station, East Ware- Six ham, Aug. 18, and a large attend- ance of growers finally heard the long-anticipated Government Crop Reporting Service forecast given by C. D. Stevens that more than a million barrels of cranberries may be produced in the country this fall. Actual figure is 1,075,400. Previous i-ecord yield was 982,700 barrels in 1950. Furthermore, Dr. Stevens asserted it was seldom that a large crop Is over-estimated leav- ing the indication it could be even larger. Massachusetts crop is esti- mated at 640,000, a record, as com- pared to 610,000 in 1950 and 440,- 000 in '52. Wisconsin is set at 255,000, also a record crop foi' the Badger State, last year yield was 190,000. New Jersey is the same as last year with 104,000. Wash- ington is accorded 49,400, not a record, and Oregon, 27,000, a rec- ord. Last year's total (final revised figure) 790,500, or about 300,000 less than this season. Massachusetts will have about 55 percent Early Blacks, 40 percent Late Howes and 5 other varieties, about the same as last year. Mas- sachusetts berries will be above average in size and ripen early. Stevens declared it was his opin- ion that the million-barrel and more crop, came in a year when "if there was ever a good chance to success- fully market such a crop it is now." State and Federal agricultural officials paid tribute to Dr. Berg- man; growers attended from New Group VieAVf> Cranberry Equipment. (( KAMihKRIES I'hoto) Jersey, Wisconsin, Oregon and Washington State. Mrs. Bergman was given a corsage, presentation being made by Mrs. Henry J. Franklin. Dr. Bergman, as a gift, was provided with a desli, a chair and filing cabinet in the "Dr. Henry J. Franklin Room," at the Station, this addition having been built as a tribute to retiring Dr. Franklin a year ago. Also honored and presented with handsome plaques were Clifford L. Davis of Worcester, who has been a weather observer at that city, a key point in making frost forecasts, for more than 30 years, and Mrs. O. P. Griffith of Carver, frost warn- ing distributor for more than 30 years. The recipients were intro- duced and plaques presented by J. Richard Beattie, Massachusetts Cranberry Specialist. "Dr. Franklin came up to Wor- cester more than 30 years ago with a truck with a box on back of it and said he wanted readings of maximum and minimum tempera- tures. I've been at it ever since. I'm 71 now and I will try to con- tinue as long as possible;" said Mr. Davis. Of Mrs. Griffith, Beattie said, this spring when in the middle of the night she was unable to get subscribers on the telephone she sent the frost warnings with neigh- bors. Presiding over his final meeting was president E. L. Bartholomew of Wareham. He is succeeded by former vice-president Frank P. Crandon of Acushnet, who was ill and unable to attend. First vice- president is Arthur M. Handy, Cataumet; second vice-president, Ferris C. Waite, Kingston; re- elected secretary was Gilbert T. Beaton and treasurer, his wife, Mrs. Ruth E. Beaton, of Wareham. Directors are Roljert Whiting, Plympton; Charles Savary, Cotuit; Asahel Drake, Harwich and Frank J. Butler, Wareham. Honorary member is Chester Vose, Marion and Honorary Director Dr. Frank- lin. Business session at 10 began the day, and as is usually the case perfect weather was provided for the growers, the meeting being held outdoors under shade trees. Reports given by officers included those from Mr. Bartholomew who said the association needed more members as did the frost warning- service. Beatcie, who heads up this work said there are now 199 sub- scribers, only nine more than last year; Frank Butler, chairman of the labor committee, said 200 more Puerto Ricans were to be brought up by plane from that island on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th of September to assist in harvesting. Transportation is $65.50 and the grower advances the fare. Mr. Butler said this would have to be his final year as chairman of the committee. Ralph Thacher, reporting for the committee en the distribution of the new cranberry seedlings, ex- plained that these had been dis- tributed to a certain number of "co-operators," who had the hy- brids set at their bogs. In three or four years they must give 50 per- cent of the vines to be re-distrib- uted to other growers who wish the new varieties of cranberries — the first "humanly designed cran- berries." The most popular variety, he said, appeared to be a cross de- signated as "Number 31." Called upon for brief talks in the morning session were James Dayton, University of Massachu- setts; Dean Dale H. Selling, U. of M. Extension Service Director; Sid- ney Vaughan, Plymouth County Agent Coordinator and Congress- man Donald W. Nicholson, Ware- ham. Dean Selling spoke on the changes the past fifty years had brought and said the next 50 years would bring much more in the way of new achievements. He declared that Extension Service was vital to the growing of food to feed this nation. Congressman Nicholson, inter- jecting a note of politics into the session, asserted that if the rest of agriculture asked for less govern- ment aid, as do the cranberry grow- ers, who ask for nothing, the Na- tion would be better off. He said aids to agriculture have gotten to be rather tough and the question is "how far can the country go in aiding farmers?" He added "we should put a stop to so much money to Europe in economic aid and to Indo China. Noon brought a chicken pie lunch, served by ladies of Wareham Meth- odist Episcopal Church. The after- noon was mainly devoted to tributes to Dr. Bergman, with the crop re- port the closing event. Marketing agencies which will have to dispose of the record crop were heard from briefly. All ex- pressed confidence that the huge yield could be sold successfully. Said Clyde McGrew of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., "We want that million barrels this year." Harold E. Bryant, general manager of Eatmor said his staff had been traversing the country and outlets for fresh cranberries "are not afraid of that million barrels." Seven George H. Morse of Morse Bros., Attleboro, said he was confident the fruit could be sold and so said Mel- ville C. Beaton of Beaton Distrib- uting Agency, Wareham. Guest speaker of the day was Louis Webster, chief of Division of Marketing, Mass. Dept of Agri- culture. He said, "You people are so individualistic you do not seek the aid of the Massachusetts De- jiartment of Agric- Iture, but we are always ready to cooperate and holp you in any way." He complimented the growers in their promotional program in tving up with poultry. Walter E. Pinor, Mass. Dept. of Agriculture, after greeting the growers, spoke briefly concerning the coming cranberry festival, Sept. r!6th, as part of his duties to pro- mote. Among the distinguished s^ieak- ers was Dr. George M. Darrow, principal horticulturalist USDA, Reltsvil'e, Md., introduced by Prof. ".Ja 'k" Bailey. "We are proud you have recognized Dr. Bergman's work while he is living. We ho|je others in rcseai'ch will uphold the same high standards as he has," said Dr. Darrow. Dr. C. E. Cross, dii'ector of the East Wareham Station, speaking in a personal vein called Dr. Berg- man a "tower of strength to a young weed specialist," as he was when he first became associated with the Station. "To have a per- son to whom you can appeal in time of trouble is an asset; having him available for consultation in the future, with his decades of ex- perience behind him will be a vast contribution to the industry." Dr. Franklir. spoke as follows: "I count it a rare privilege to ap- pear on this program and to add my bit to the expressions of ap- jjreciation of my old colleague, Dr. Herbert F. Bergman, now retiring. "I want to tell you agam, what most of you know so well by now, that he is a rare man and has in his 26 years with us rendered a very great and very real service to the cranberry industry. "We know that the passing of time is making a change necessary and we regret it. We know that a successor to the Doctor must be chosen, and it is our guess that the finding of a real one will not be easy. We shall have to depend heavily on our Director Selling in this. "Last year, this Association with other friends presented me with a nice new room in which to continue my labors at this Station. It is open for inspection here today. It has been very useful indeed and I appreciate it greatly. I have of- fered to share space in this room with Dr. Bergman and I am happy to say he has accepted this." "It is entirely appropriate that we should recognize Dr. Bergman's Eight Mrs. O. P. Griffith of Carver receives a plaque in recognition of more than 30 years of frost warning service? for cranberry growers. Plaque is presented by Cranberry Snecialist "Dick" Beattie. (CRANBERRIES Photo) more than 25 years of service to the cranberry growers in every area," declared John C. Makepeace, Wareham. "It is my hope he may live long to see the fruits of his work" Dr. F. B. Chandler speaking di- rectly to Dr. Bergman said, "Your work in oxygen deficiency in flood waters has produced more im- portant results than any other plant study." He spoke further in great appreciation of the research of Dr. Bergman in the new seed- ling varieties of cranberies, which will increase production, particu- larly in the East. Among those introduced were Alden Brett, member of the Board of Trustees of University of Mas- sachusets; Theodore H. Budd of New Jersey, president of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc.; Guy Potter, Wis- consin; Isaac Harrison, New Jersey: Dr. Eugene H. Varney, plant pa- thologist, USDA. Exhibitors at the bogside, theii- equipment viewed by growers dur- ing the day included; Niagara Chemical Division of Food Ma- chinery and Chemical Corporation, N. E. headquarters, Ayer, Mass.; Blue Hill Apiaries, Mattapan, Bos- ton; Busy Bee Apiaries, So. Wey- mouth: Ames Irrigation. Charles H. Reed, Seekonk; Arthur F. Clarke, Barnstable; Frost Insecti- cide, Arlington; Joe Hackett, No. Hanover; Western Pickers, Coos Bay, Oregon, and Middleboro, Mass.; C. & L. Equipment Co., Acushnet; H. A. Suddard, Inc., Wareham. AVERAGE AMERICAN FARMER IS 48 Age of the average American farmer is a little more than 48 years, according to a report of the Census of Agriculture. He has operated his farm on an average of 13 years. Farm owners are ten years older than farm tenants. Any man who claims to under- stand women is either a psycholo- gist or badly in need of one. Right— Upper is Clifford L. Davis receiving his plaque for 30 years of service as a weather observer. Right, Lower — Statistician C. D. Stevens announces the first govern- ment estimate of the cranberry crop. (CRANBERRIES Photo) NEW PRESIDENT Frank A. Crandon of Acushnet, who last month was elected presi- dent of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association intends his "darndest" to make his term of office do the association all the good he can possibly accomplish. The new head is a man who has much "weight" in the industry. He is a man who has a long-standing habit of getting things done. He says, "As soon as the fall cranberry activities are over, I vcill meet with the boys (directors) and we will decide the most important elements to form a successful pro- gram. I want to get more young men in with us," by which he means more active young interest in the association. Crandon believes that one good plan to do this is through the winter and early spring Cran- berry Club meetings. He plans to send out a dire"t ap- peal to these growers. He thinks that m'any in the Massachusetts' industry need to have brought to their minds the valuable services Nine the Cape Association has done in the past, is continuing to do and should do more of in the future. Crandon's bogs are at Long Plain in Acushnet and at Tihonet, Wareham, comprising 80 acres in all. The property at Tihonet is owned jointly with "Bob" Pierce and is known as the C. & P. Com- pany. Average production he has achieved at Long Plain is about 75 barrels to the acre. Crandon is also manager of other bog properties. He is well known as a success- ful grower of cranberries and also a man with many other business interests, but today he is devoting more and more time to cranberries. He states without qualification, "In my opinion there is a wonder- ful future in cranberries, or I wouldn't invest my money in bogs. "I feel it is my responsibility to do the best I know how for the Association, and I am very ap- preciative of the honor of being elected president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association." Crandon served for 16 years as director of the Brockton (Mass.) Egg Auction, last year withdrawing his name for re-election. He is a director of National Cranberry As- sociation, president of the C. & L. Company which manufactures cranberry equipment, president of Cranberry Credit Association since its organization, and is president of Production Credit. Annual Festival At Edaville September 26 Plans are set for the annual Cranberry Festival at Edaville, South Carver, Saturday, Septem- ber 26. Highlights are: selections and crowning of new queen, to suc- ceed Miss Joy Reese of Harwich, Mass., and Massachusetts, New Jersey, Wisconsin, Oregon and Washington have been invited to provide candidates; a pageant, "The Cranberry Story," with a cast of 50, the chicken-cranberry barbe- cue; proclamation of "Cranberry Week," from Massachusetts Gov- ernor Christian A. Herter, about to become a cranberry grower him- self; contests and awarding of prizes in various events. On the morning of that date, events really start at the adjacent, historic town of Plymouth, with floats competing in a parade, spon- sored by the Plymouth Chamber of Commerce, with cranberries as the general theme. Queen contestants will ride in the parade, and then proceed to Edaville. Seatings for the barbecue are at 11:30 a. m., 12:30 and 1:30 p. m. Master of Ceremonies for the festival will be Ken Dalton of Brockton, who has served in that capacity a number of times pre- viously. Marcus L. Urann, presi- dent of National Cranberry As- sociation will give the address of welcome. He will be followed by the proclamation of the Governor. Then will be the pageant. Contests include the following: "Biggest Berry" of 1953, with award presented to grower produc- ing the biggest berry of the cur- rent crop, by Massachusetts Com- missioner Henry T. Roderick; best cranberry dish contest, an event in charge of Mrs. Ruth Wakefield of Massachusett's famed "Toll House;" this portion of the pro- gram featuring "Cecil, the Cran- berry Elf;" events for children will be a cranberry jam (eating) con- test, ages ten or younger; free baloons, crowning of the queen by Massachusetts Senator Edward C. Stone of Cape Cod. In the biggest cranberry contest, which will be judged by Dr. F. B. Chandler of the East Wareham, Mass. Experiment Station, there will be four awards. Entries will be divided in classes, (1) McFarlins, Centenials and Hollistons; (2) Howes, (3) Early Blacks, (4) Searles and others. Two previous contests have been held the biggest cranberry in 1951 being an entry of H. E. and M. F. Maurer of Hauser, Oregon and in '52 by William Stillman in Scituate, Mass. A pound of berries should be sent to Dr. Chandler to receive them by Sept. 23, and he will determine the biggest of each variety by tak- ing cup count and the average berry weight. From Sea To Shining Sea F. B. Chandler As we all know, cranberries grow on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts and in Wisconsin, but there is a lot of America to be seen be- tween cranberry sections. Not until one makes the trip across the country by car does he realize just how big and wonderful our country is. We had talked for several years about taking a trip to California to visit relatives and friends but for various reasons such a trip never got beyond the talking stage. I appreciate that in Massachusetts, vacations can be accumulated so that one may take two years' vaca- tion at one time which made it possible for us to go to the west coast this summer. Mrs. Chandler and I with our two daughters, Mar- garet and Betty, left East Ware- ham the latter part of June. Our first stop was in Beltsville, Md., for a conference with Drs. Darrow and Goheen on cranberry breeding. During this meeting we discussed past, present and the future of cranberry breeding, and Dr. Dar- row expressed the hope that there might be a meeting this winter of those actively engaged in this work. When we left Beltsville, we left cranberries for a while. We visited friends in Virginia and the first night going west we camped in Green Ridge Mountain Park in Maryland. The tent was up just in time as we had a cooling thundershower. The following day we went through the hills of the mining country in Pennsylvania and West Virginia and saw several roadside statues of "Madonna of the Trail" dedicated to the pioneer mothers of America. It is very fitting that the mothers who did so much to develop our country are recognized. The family enjoyed visiting Lincoln's home, (we were especially interested in seeing the 7 foot black mohair sofa which Lincoln had had made) and tomb in Springfield, 111., and New Salem Park. New Salem Park is one of the historic shrines of America, a re-creation of the village where Abraham Lincoln spent six years of his life as store clerk, postmas- ter, surveyor and legislator. Many cabins and shops, post office, a church and school and Rutledge Tavern, fui-nished as they were in the 1830's gave us a real feeling of life over a century ago. We were very curious about the formation of a group of logs in the yard of almost every cabin and learned that they were ash hoppers to leach the ashes for lye used in making- soap. We talked with the post- master who is very proud to be the first postmaster in New Salem since Lincoln. On one special day he had received mail by Pony Ex- press, Stage Coach, Air, and the Boy Scouts had brought in a pouch over a foot path. When we stopped in Hannibal, Missouri, both of our daughters ex- claimed" Oh, there is the fence the boys whitewashed!" We had stopped in front of Mark Twain's boyhood home which is visited by people from all over the world. There was the kitchen where Aunt Polly did the cooking, and a stair- way over the former chicken house took one up to the bedroom of Mark Twain. We visited the hill where Tom and Huck played which is, now a small park and took two more pictures. It was such a terrifically hot night and as we would be going through prairie country, we decided to drive all night and saw the sun rise in west central Kansas. Breakfast was enjoyed in Oberlin, Kansas (coffee 5 cent) and we en- tered Colorado at noon. In eastern Colorado we saw several groups of migrant workers with combines, trucks and old trailers, but there seemed to be no work for them in the harvest fields. Much of the wheat had been ruined by rust and was not being harvested. The men and their families looked very hot and discouraged and we felt sorry for them. The day was extremely hot, dry and windy. At Idalia we put the air conditioner on the car and it helped revive us. The person sitting in the right front seat had the job of pulling the cord to keep the felt wet. By the middle of the afternoon we were in Denver, the Mile High City, where the Hospitality Center supplied us with information about what to see and how to get there. The State Capital, the dome of which is covered with gold leaf from Colorado mines, glittering in the sun, overlooks Civic Center. As we arrived in Bear Creek Can- yon we were blessed with one of those mountain showers that takes the dust out of the air, lowers the temperatures and makes one feel glad to be alive. We purchased a few groceries in a little mountain store and then set our tent up by a roaring mountain stream. It was a beautiful spot with a number of trails wandering off through the woods and across a long log over the stream. Our girls so much en-, joyed the mystery of these paths that we had to call them to eat and they left as soon as possible to climb a trail part way up one of the mountains. The sound of the rushing water deepened our sleep and we awoke in the morning rfeady for new adventures. - (Continued from Page 18) MECHANICAL PRUNING AND RAKING OF CRANBERRY BOGS The following questions are the ones most frequently asked by cranberry growers ... How long does it take to cut an acre? .'/*' One to two hours to cut . . . One hour to rake. How many uprights do these machines cut off? Less than any other method- of pruning. How often do the knives have to be sharpened? We have operated knives over 100 hours without doing anything to them except washing them. Do the rakes do any damage to the bog? No ... if properly handled. These answers are based! on three years of experience. If you are thinking of pruning your bog this Fall, get your orders in early, as the number of machines is limited. C. & L Equipment Co. Power Scythes Multi-Use Pullers Cranberry Vine Pruning Machines P. P. CRANDON 1191 Main St., Acushnet Tel. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard St., Acushiiet Tel. New Bedford "' 3-4332 Eleven 28' Sickle bari^, cuts weeds, brush, grass- trims close to buildings and trees. Climbs hills. lAWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW ATTACHMENTS ao' Full Floollng Rml 16' Rofary Snow Thrower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Staflford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. 500 AT ANNUAL NCA MEETING HEAR URANN SAY CO-OP WANTS 516,000 BBLS.-BARBECUE im wAiBiNOTOM vnm wm NsmoN 6S, uasb. Expects to Make Good Re- turn to Growers, National Processing 96 Percent of Canned Fruit — James Glo- ver Elected First Vice President. With the them'e this year of "More Berries For More Dollars," President Marcus L. Urann of Na- tional Cranberry Association told more than 500 members meeting at the Onset (Mass.) cannery Aug. 19th, the processing- co-op needed and could dispose of 516,- 000 cases of the record '53 pro- duction. He further said 5.000,000 cases vifould be sold, the price of S2.00 as case vi'ould be maintained, bringing in 810,000,000, and he ex- pected to pay "at least 816.00 a bbl. this year, about the same as last." First advance would be $7.00, as last year. NCA, Mr. Urann asserted, is now processing 96 percent of the total U. S. cranberry crop. Of this year's hu^e anticipated pro- duction, with Ocean Spi'ay handl- ing approximately half, Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. (former ACE) 280 000-^00,000, fresh fruit inde- pendents 200.000 and independent c->.rn"rs, abnit 20.000, the yield would ba disposed of. In answer to a question, he asserted directors of NCA had voted not to accept new mpmbers and "surplus" berries for the pool after October 1. Spring and summer campaigns had been unusually successful and more than 200,000 barrels had been sold. More sauce is now sold at Easter than at Thanksgiving, he said. 50,000 bbls. were needed before September 15th to supply orders, he declared. Nothing is carried over from last year. Research is being carried on all the time, he continued, to get more sauce from cranberries, without de- creasing flavor and quality. "Wc now get 11 'A cases from a barrel, whereas pi'eviously we got 11 and one-tenth. As to the future he says officials of NCA map out yearly campaigns. The aim now is to achieve in the U. S. one can of cranberry sauce consumption per capita by 1957 per year, he said. This goal has already been reached or pass- ed in 8 markets in the country, consumption is now 1% cans in New England, more than a can in Miami area, Chicago over a can, also Albany, as examples. He referred to a "tremendous" market. Ocean Spray is building up in Canada. He said NCA now has more than 1900 members, with new ones coming in "every day." Pro- duction capacity is now 60,000 cases a day. He referred to the splendid investment the associa- tion had in plants and equipment which currently could not be du- plicated for many times the cost. Trained "Runners-Lip" He dwelt at some length upon the soundness of the co-op in hav- ing "thoroughly-trained runners- up," for every key position in the organization. These assistants could take over, at a moment's no- tice, the duties of their superiors, he said. H. Gordon Mann, vice president in charge of sales, told of dis- tribution of outlets throughout the country, and how Ocean Spray was continually making more mon. ey for these brokers so they were pushing cranberries with ever-in- creasing vigor. "We give the bro- ker all the tools, we give him crea- tive and consistent advertising — a complete package to produce re- sults." "The managenTcnt of NCA will continue to be aggressive. So you can continue to turn in more ber- ries with confidence of successful disposal." Miss Ellen Stillman, vice presi- dent advertising and publicity told of promotion campaigns. On a wall of the meeting room were huge and attractive ad layouts. (Continued on Page 14) Twelv* (^ditMals Vol. 18 No, 5 ISSUE OF SEPTEMBER 1953 {^ ^;^«ic««««»«,,H!^ WHOSE AFRAID OF 1,000,000 Bbls.? TT SEEMS to be in the harvest now, this fall of 1953 — that million barrel (and more) crop of cranberries. Best of all would appear the confidence, with which those responsible for the marketing of it, that they can sell it successfully. The fact the industry could, and would, some year produce a million barrels has long been realized, and it has been looked forward to in a way. If the major distrib- utors have secret trepidition this is too many cranberries to sell they are concealing it well. We believe the industry is now geared to such a disposal. For one thing there is not the dismaying spectre of a freezer surplus lurking over head. Both the major co-ops, Eatmor, in the fresh market (and going into a cranberry fresh freeze campaign for more extended consumption next month) and NCA, which has successfully built up year-round de- mand for canned sauce, say they want and hope to get very sizeable proportions of the '53 yield. Independents such as president Orrin Colley of Cape Cod Cranberry Co- operative, "Mel" Beaton, Beaton's Distrib- uting Agency, Morse Brothers, "Barney" Brazeau of "Indian Trail" out in Wiscon- sin, to name a few of the chief outlets, with keener merchandising programs, have said, at one time or another, they don't believe such a production is too big to handle. Anyhow, the Government estimate of the 1,000,000 barrels has been made. It is our opinion that the words of N. E. Crop Statistician C. D. Stevens, "If there ever was a good time to market such a crop, it i^ now," were carefully considered and apt. As stated, the marketing end of the indus- try has in the main, merchandising cam- paigns which are rolling and increasing in intensity ; such programs are accumulative, their benefits being built up year by year. While there is far more cautious spending, U. S. employment remains high and people have money to spend. We have all read about that "clock" in Washington which is ticking up a constantly increasing population — more people should buy more cranberries. There need be at least one word of cau- tion, however. And, that is, the market should not receive unripe fruit in its early opening to spoil demand and price. CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin C. D. HAMMOND, Jr. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington — Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Our appreciation to Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Company for once again be- coming a group subscriber to this magazine. We can do a better job for the industry with more readership and support. Thirtan NCA Meeting (Continued from Page 12) Leon Proesch, promotion, spoke briefly on the aims and progress of the co-op. John Harriott, assistant treas- urer, and Mr. Urann answered questions, these particularly con- cerning value of NCA stock, com- mon and preferred. Opinion was expressed stock would eventually have a collateral value. Growers now own 60 percent of all assets, the remaining 40 being in mort- gage. Mr. Urann told the assembly of the condition of his brother, Carl B. Urann, former vice pi'esident, who was stricken with a shock last spring. He has now been returned to his home at Middleboro froni a Boston hospital, and was making recovery with hope for restoration of his eyesight, following several operations. Lunch in a Tent A fine barbecue of chicken with cranberry sauce was served at noon by Ladies of the Wareham M. E. Church, this served in a big tent set up for the occasion. The bar- becue pit was directly on routes 28 and 6, main road to the Cape, at- tracting much attention from the travelling public. All growing areas in U. S. were represented with a particularly large delegation from New Jersey, and a number from Wisconsin. Election Results Members ballotted for directors and these later in the day chose officers and appointed executives. Officers re-elected were presi- dent, M. L. Urann, Hanson: vioe- president, Jas. M. Glover, Middle- boro; secretary-treasurer, John C. Makepeace, Wareham; Miss Ellen Stillman, Hanson, vice-president in charge of advertising and publicity; Marcus L. Havey, vice-president western division. Wilho Ross, suc- ceding late William Jacobson, Gray- land, Washington, vice-president Pacific Division; H. Gordon Mann, Hanson, vice-president in charge of sales; Ferris C. Waite, Ply- mouth, vice-president in charge of growers' relations; M. S. Anderson, vice-president Pacific sales and John F. Harriott, assistant secre- tary-treasurer. Directors named were: Mrs. Al- thea Atwood, South Carver; Carl- ton Barrows, Boston; Frank P. Crandon, Aeushnet; George Briggs, (Eatmor Representative), Ply- Fourteen mouth; Kenneth Garside, Duxbury; Harrison F. Goddard, Plymouth; Samuel R. Gurney, Boston; Robert S. Handy, Cotuit; John C. Make- peace, Wareham; Russell Make- peace, Marion; Bertram Ryder, Cotuit; Carl B. Urann, Middleboro; (New Jersey) Enoch F. Bills, John E. Cutts, Isaac Harrison; Thomas Darlington (succeeding J. Rogers Brick), Wisconsin; Albert Hedler, Fred N. Lange, Charles L. Lewis, Guy N. Potter, Robert Rezin, (Eat- mor Representative) Guy N. Potter, (Washington) Leonard Morris, David Pryde. 30th Anniversary Of Long Beach Station Observed Many West Coast Growers Pay Tribute to Work of D. J. Crowley Since 1923 — Some of New Hybrids Eliminated at Field Day Event. Annual Field Day at the Cran- berry-Blueberry Experiment Sta- tion, Long Beach, Wash., was ob- served August 14, with special ceremonies, as 1953 marked the 30th anniversary of the Station. About 150 growers assembled from the Peninsula and Grayland areas of Washington and from the Ban- don and Clatsop districts in Oregon. D. J. Crowley, director of the Station, who has been at cranberry work there sin?e 1922 wa". in charge of the program, assisted by County Agent Ralnh Tidrick. A number of representatives from Washington State College, which has supervision of the Long Reach Station were present, these including Regent Ralph Gilespie, who brought greetings from the Collage; Dr. Mark T. Buchanan, di- rector of the State Experiment S'ation; Dr. George W. Fisher, head of the department of plant pathol- ogy. Dr. T. A. Merrill, head of the department of horticulture. Reducing of Hybrid One important step during the Field Day program was selection of cranberry hybrids these being cut down to less than 100 in num- ber. At harvest time these will be reduced to 20 or less. Dr. Crow- ley declared he felt some of the new hybrids would "give the Mac- Farlins a run for their money." Referring to these crosses, Mr. Crowley is inclined to believe that because of different growing con- ditions, hybrids which are promis- ing in the East may do less well on the Pacific, while the reverse will be true of others. Dr. J. H. Clarke of Cranguyma Farms reported on experiments conducted with different varieties of cranberries sent from the East for trial and asserted he thought none of them promised much better results than the old stand-by, the MacFarlin, except that a few crosses promised an earlier ripen- ing date. Tour of Property Tours were made of fertilizer test plots, the new green house was inspected and Charles Doughty, assistant to Crowley gave a talk on hormone sprays. Lunch was served by ladies of the Peninsula Cranberry Club and greetings to visitors were extended by Mayor Ted Lentz of Long Beach. Dr. Mark Buchanan said one purpose of such field days is to demonstrate to the taxpayers that their investment in experiment sta- tions and colleges is sound, stand- ing to increase yields ten times over in a period of years. How- ever, he asserted one primary pur- pose, this year, was to celebrate the advent of experimental work hereby Washington State College, and its representative, D. J. Crow- ley, as a 30 year anniversary. He made way for Superintendent Crow- ley to respond. Crowley's Story of Early Days Crowely's story of the industry there went back as far as 1910, when he said there were a few small bogs of no known varieties. A promo- tion campaign had sold raw bogs to preachers, teachers, doctors, dentists and lawyers with the idea that all one had to do was to get the bog planted, then come back in four years and enjoy prospei'ity and the annual harvest. Usually, they could not even find the bog after four years of absence. Appeals were made to the United States Department of Agriculture, and the Washington State College for help to get the industry out of the resulting trouble. His own ad- vent was about 1922 when he and Dr. Bain surveyed the situation, Crowley on foot and Bain on a bike. Crowley's report was optimistic, so the college authorities said "You go and take care of the situation." He has been at it since 1923. The original troubles were con- sidered to center on fruit pests, but it soon developed that frost was a killer of cranberry production. The battle against both has been continuous. Smudge pot heaters from the apple and orange orchards were tried, but it was soon found, the heat all went up into the air, benefiting the low-lying cranberry but little. After that airplane pro- pellers used as blowers gave promise of aid until it was found they blew cold air, as well as warm, over the vines depending on the temperatures of ;the air layers available. Final success was achieved only after an initial demonstration that the latent heat released by ordinary cold water, sprayed on the vines at the critical moment, was sufficient to raise temperatures the few degrees necessary to save the blooms and berries from freezing. This demon- stration was first made in 1926, but it was a matter of ten years, or more, before growers began to overcome their skepticism, and found practical means to put the idea in practice. Now, Crowley said, the growing of cranberries is a gamble without water sprinklers. The problems of pest control were solved in the course of the years with the development of new and better insecticides and the great problem of marketing has gone through a similar experience. Harvesting, which formerly de- pended largely on the women of the community, and their children, picking by hand, is now done far more expeditiously by fiooding, fol- FOR IMMEDIATE SALE 16 acres producing marsh 15 acres cleared for develop- ment, on 220 acres of land. Fully Equipped Now operating warehouse, Modern house. Must sell due to death in family. For detailed information contact — C. STUBIG R. 3, Hayward, Wise. lowed by the so-called "eggbeater", and the scoop. Weed Control Not Fully Solved The one problem that Crowley seemed to feel is not fully solved is that of weeds. Progress in methods and weed killers has been made, and there is promise of ad- vancement in that line. In any event, he thinks that cranberry growers are ahead of other fruit growers in getting the better of all their enemies, and the industry is on a sound basis. Crowley paid great tribute to the intelligence and I'esourcefull- ness of the men in the industry, who work incessantly to devise and put in practice beter methods and better equipment, many of their ideas and inventions turning out remarkably well. Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. One public official who will spend less money is better than a hundred who can raise more taxes. One - Way Medium - Lift TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP Shows installation layout for lift of about six feet. Sloping pipe is extended for higher lifts. Same basic 10 HP pump. You are looking for the lowest cost — installed, in place, ready to pump. You can install a Trufant pump in a day with a clamshell; no spiling, no concrete, no need to dry the hole. And 100% salvage if you decide to re- arrange your system. That is the kind of economy you are looking for. And the parts which could^wear or break are all low-cost, mass-production parts. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS Carver 64-11 RUSSELL A. TRUFANT North Carver, Mass. Fifteen Annua! Meeting Of the Growers Of New Jersey Summer Meeting — A C G A Over 80 persons attended the an- nual summer convention of the American Cranberry Growers As- sociation in New Jersey. Under the chairmanship of Theodore H. Budd, Jr., the speaking and business pro- gram began at 10:45 a. m. and continued until 3 p. m. when a tour of Stanley Switlik's bogs at May- etta and Stafford Forge was be- gun. Mr. Budd said, "Our New Jer- sey production for the last 3 years shows an increase of approximate- ly 27 percent over our 1940 to 1949 avei'age. Fi'om my obsei-va- tions, the 1953 crop will increase this percentage even greater. I cannot remember when New Jer- sey growers were in a more ag- gressive but cooperative spirit. The cranberry growers are fortunate in having a more solid sales or- ganization than any other agri- cultural group can muster. If we can maintain this aggressive spirit we are going to be a tough team to beat." Chester E. Cross, director of the Cranberry Experiment Station on Cape Cod, particularly emphasized the need for making cranberry vines grow well if the benefits of weed control and other work are to be realized. This means especial- ly a proper balance of the use of fertilizer and water nranagement. Sometimes when fertilizer is badly needed, its use will also stimulate rank weed growth. But the job is first to grow cranberry vines and then to cope with the weeds, by mowing, by crowding them out, by use of kerosene and weed killers. Walter Fort of the Growers' Cranberry Company exhibited a collection of common cranberry weeds which Dr. Cross used in il- lustrating answers to questions about specific weed controls. Clifford Sims, Crop Forecaster, stated that the expected crop for New Jersey is the same as last year, 104,000 barrels. C. A. Doehlert, of the Pemberton Station's Department of Horticul- ture, reported some interesting facts on the 1953 response of Champion vines to fertilizer based on measurem'ents taken from small squares. On very poor vines, a sin- gle treatment of 200 lb. of 8-8-8 per acre on Nov. 5, 1952 resulted in doubling the crop and putting the vines and fruit buds in much better condition for next year. This test was run on a field scale. In another experiment involving small plots but with \'ines cropping fair, ly well, the use of 8-8-8 in June increased the crop 50 percent. Doehlert again placed special em- phasis on the value of sprinkling or flooding the same day or eve- ning that a portion of a bog is harvested. Martin T. Hutchinson of the Ex- periment Station Department of Entomology reported on the meth- ods for controlling cranberry scale. He stated that spray tests made during October 1952 and evaluated during August 1953 showed that Malathon was as effective as the recom'mendod Metacide for cran- This is the year we need the CRANBERRY GROWERS MUTUAL If we can market this year's crop without a break in prices we have proved we have stabilized our industry and we can move forward on a sounder basis. This is a year for greater cooperation — by the growei- to see that he doesn't flood his selling agent with ber- ries and add to his problems— by the selling agents to see that he is acting for the best interests of the grower and not for his commissions alone. SUPPORT the Cranberry Growers Mutual and you support the whole INDUSTRY. Compliments of CHARLES N. SAVERY Company Registered Land Surveyors & Civil Engineers Cotuit, Massachusetts Sixteen berry scale control. Also deter- mined was the fact that 100 gal- lons of Metacide spray (IV2 pints of 50 per cent emulsion concen- trate per 100 gallons) was as ef- fective as was 600 gallons. Neither Malathon nor Metacide affected the rooting ability of cranberry cut- tings. The scarcity during August of heavy infestations of scale in New Jersey may possibly be due to the activities of parasites. Robert S. Filmer, also of the De- partment of Entomology, gave an interesting progress report on his studies of bees and cranberry pol- lination. These data will be presented in two papers, one on "The Effect of Insect Pollinator Populations on the Set of Cranberries" and the other on "The Blooming and Fruiting Habits of Early Black Cranberries in New Jersey." The Tour of the Switlik Ocean County Bogs was of special inter- est because of the improvement of vines secured in one year by use of fertilizer and kerosene. Fresh From the Fields (Continued from page 5) the remainder of the month. Scat- tered moderate showers fell al- most daily for the first 7 days. The northwestern bog areas re- ceived moderate to locally heavy showers on the 13th and 24th and western and northern bogs had moderate showers on night of 29th and morning of the 30th. Southern and southeastern bogs were obliged to irrigate during the last half of the month. Temperatures were above normal during the first half of August and in the last 7 days. Below normal readings were experienced from the 15th to 23rd, especially 15th to 20th during which time temperatures were consistently between 35 and 40°. Lowest readings were 33-38° on the 17th and 29-37° on 19th. Maximum temperatures were near 90° (above 90 in southern bogs) from August 25th through Sep- tember 2nd after which a cooler trend set in. Arthur F.Wolford, Meteorologist There would be fewer war debts if people were compelled to do the footing before the arming. llnmaHfuUL CRANBERRIES The RED BOOK is a "bible" of the produce business, rating all these engaged in any way as to both financial and moral standing. A very small percentage of the firms receive an additional recognition known as the "RED BOOK Business Character Award". It is, in their words, given to firms with "a high degree of financial stability and whose records and trade dealings are con- sistently favorable". INDIAN TRAIL holds this award, which is particularly gratifying due to the relatively few years that we have been engaged in business. Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN LOOK— STUDY! THE 5 POINTS LISTED BELOW. They tell you why you can have confidence in us • Nationwide Distribution for Cape Cod Cranberries O Aggressive sales planning and control • Efficient and economical operations • Simplified accounting — prompt payments • Cooperating with other agencies to correct present weaknesses of the cranberry industry. — •— MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 17 Court Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 "cranberries" was the original and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. Seventeen From Sea to Shining Sea (Continued from Page 11) Red Rock Theatre, a very unus- ual outdoor theatre seating about 9000, was only a few miles from our campsite by way of a very winding road. Nature created a marvelous location with almost perfect acoustics, to which man added seats and lights, a stage floor and dressing rooms. During the sumer there are many sym- phony concerts, ballets and plays presented hero but we were not foi-tunate enough to be there the night of a performance. We left these unusual and beautiful red lock formations to go north to Boulder where we drove through the campus of the University of Colorado. It is a lovely campus v/ith buildings of red stone and mountains all around the town. North of Boulder we sighted snow covered Long's Peak (Altitude 14,255 ft.) in the distance. We went BEST WISHES-NOW This message, perhaps, is an unorthodox time to send you our best wishes, however, we do — "May you all have a good, sound crop of Cape Cod Cranberries that will sell well from coast to coast." Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 BEATON'S DISTRIBOTING AGENCY NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF for over a quarter century in United States and Canada WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 130 or 970 up through Loveland Pass and the Big- Thompson Canyon and stopped for lunch by the big roaring moun- tain stream in the Canyon. Near the picnic area was a small power plant and we learned that there were a number of them on this stream. As we left Big Thompson to go into Rocky Mountain Na- tional Park through the village of Estes Park, we stopped for pic- tures at Deer Mountain Lodge. This was an excellent opportunity to look back over the mountains we had come up and to look ahead to those we would climb. Near the entrance to the Park on Trail Ridge Road which we took, was a sign marked "The longest, highest drive in the world." We stoped at one of the turnouts to get a picture of the view and were surprised to find chipmunks everywhere, so tame they would eat from one's hand. Into the car again and soon an- other stop for the children to make snowballs as there was snow on both sides of the road. The flowers in the mountains are beautiful and quite difi'erent from those we see at home. Most of the blossoms are close to the ground find are usually on a southern ex- posure. No wonder the flowers are diff'enrent — the season is shorter and we were at an altitude of over 12,000 feet. Timberline is 11,000 feet where the trees were very short, yet probably hundreds of years old. These trees were twisted and often the branches were all on one side. We crossed the Continental Di- vide and the Never Summer Range of Mountains was in view. How well they were named as they were all snow covered on the first of July. It is impossible for me to adequately put into words the beauty of those snowcapped moun- tains! That night we stopped at Timber Creek Camp and it was a camper's dream in reality, with lovely sites. It didn't take us many minutes to get unpacked and to get those steaks which we had purchased in Denver, out of our refrigerator and pan broiled over our Coleman stove. How delicious they tasted! That night was so beautiful with the bright stars, really brilliant, we almost hated to go to bed, tired as we were. (Con't. in next issue.) Eighteen Bryant Confident Trade Welcomes Big 1953 Crop Eatmor Cranberries, "Kicks Off This Year's Merchan- dising Program Before 400 Produce Distributors and Guests at Chicago Pre- sentation. Plans for this program, "OPER- ATION SELLMOR," were unveiled to nearly 400 produce distributors and guests in a presentation at the Hotel Sherman in Chicago, Aug. 9th. Master of Ceremonies was J. Gordon "Buck" McKinnon of Bos- ton, assisted by a "Cranberry Girl" and "Cranberry Dan," a forty-seven inch nridget, costumed to represent the Eatmor cranberry man trademark. Distributors were told of the array of prizes, largest ever offered in the fresh fruit and vegetable industry, that consumers, retailers and distributors can win in the contest. The program, as outlined at the sales meeting, consists of 4 parts: (1) A consumer contest where housewives have a chance to win a 1954 Cadillac Convertible or one of 60 other valuable prizes by se- lecting the most appropriate first and last name for the "Cranberry Girl" and telling in 25 words or less why they like Eatmor cran- berries. A label from the Eatmor cellophane bag or window box must be mailed with each entry. (2) A display contest where re- tailers and their dstributors will be out to win a Jaguar sports car. Outboard motors, Polariod cameras and electric clock radios are also being offered. (3) A special bonus to distribu- tors to help boost the number of displays and total sales in the display contest. Distributors will be entitled to a Polaroid camera for every 15 stores they get to enter the contest. (4) Freeze Fresh Cranberries Week, October 16-24. A special promotion to build multiple unit retail sales of fresh cranberries for home freezing. Blow-ups of Eatmor's magazine, newspaper and trade advertise- ments and samples of point of sale material were displayed to the audience. Some ten million entry blanks have been printed by Eatmor for the consumer contest and a grand total of 23% tons of point of sale material has been ordered by re- tailers planning to enter the dis- play contest. Trade Advertising Increases Space advertising to consumers will total about the same as last year but advertising in trade and grocery papers has been increased to encourage greater participation by retailers in the contest. At the conclusion of the pro- granr, to emphasize the profits in the promotion, "Cranberry Dan" and the "Cranberry Girl" threw plastic golf balls to the crowd. These were later exchangeable for silver dollars to the catchers. Nov- el cranberry pins were also passed out to the audience. A surprise at the refreshment hour, which followed, was an ap- pearance by Claude Kidchner, TV star of "Super Circus," one of the top children's programs. Protects Cranguymal Protecfion\/from Frost and Drought at Cranguymo Forms, PHOTO CUURTESY OF PORTLAND OREGON JOURNAL '■°"9 ^•'"''' ^'"''• oPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. >,. Out research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today without obligation. Miffltet Sffinlilci Ittijitrgfi tueciititii NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES , 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, NlB«t««B SEPTEMBER! and HARVEST MONTH! It pays to make the fullest use of ELECTRICITY In your packing house — in your home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM — PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 DECAS BROTHERS Growers Of Cape Cod Cranberries Phone 147 WAREHAM, MASS. In Answering Advertisements Please Mention CRANBERRIES Eatmor personnel present at this "kick-off" party were Theodore S. Budd, Sr., president of Eatmor, Russell Makepeace and Clarence Searles, directors; Mr. Bryant; E. C. McGrew, Eastern sales manager; Lester F. Haines, Western sales manager; Lloyd R. Williams, mer- chandising manager, and Stanley D. Benson, assistant merchandis- ing manager. Others in the official party were Charles F. Hutchinson, executive vice-president of Cham- bers and Wiswell, Inc., the adver- tising agency for Eatmor, and Jack Manning, director of radio and TV for the agency. Novel Way of Increasing Bog Bumble Bees Vernon Goldsworthy of Wiscon- sin this season tried a very inter- esting experiment in an attempt to increase the bumble bee population around his Thunder Lake Marsh at Three Lakes. He simply put out old automobile seats, along the sides of the dikes, then threw a little dirt over them. He found they made ideal nesting places for the bees. He says he never had so many of them as this past season and obtained excellent pollination. He plans to increase the experi- ment next year. Mr. Goldsworthy is taking over supervision of the Larocque bogs at Drummonsville in Quebec, Can- ada. An expansion program is in progress. He will visit the bogs several times a year. CAPE CRANBERRIES IN TIME CAPSULE TO BE EATEN IN YEAR, 2053 Cape Cod's first "time capsule" buried last month in the lawn of the First Baptist Church of Hyan- nis, Mass., contained, among other items, enough dehydrated cran- berry sauce to serve 100 people when the box is opened in 2053. Other contents were sixty messages by State and local officials, a Sears Roebuck catalog, boat mode], telephone directory, a piece of Sandwich glass jewelry, candles, postage stamps and copies of cur- lent Cape Cod newspapers. Twenty NEW ENGLAND SALES COMPANY OFFERS CASH ADVANCE Manager Blake of New England Cranberry Sales Company, at pre- harvest time announced an advance of $3 a barrel would be made to such growers who brought in fruit in the chaff to company screen- house, and asked for this sum. This was designed primarilly to aid growers who needed the cash to cover picking costs. Most men will tell you they're worth more that they're getting — the remaining few set about prov- ing it. FOR SALE Searles vines free of weeds. State inspected. $175 a ton de- livered in Wisconsin in truck- load lots. §150 F. 0. B., Hay- ward, Wis. Weighed sprinkled but not soaked in water. Run through cutter free if desired. Tony Jonjak Hayward, Wis. SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE NEEDS OF CRANBERRY GROWERS BUILDING MATERIALS of All Types We have a very good stock REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Foot Cambridge St. Middleboro, Mass. Phone 1123 Middleboro Road East Freetown, Mass. Phone No. Roch. 78 CRANBERRY GROWERS NOW is your opportunity to become affiliated with CRANBERRY GROWERS COUNCIL INC. through a membership in the New England Cranberry Sales Co., the local cooperative with a pooling method which distributes proceeds of all sales equitably to all members. This Company welcomes inquiries concerning its operations and extends a cordial invitation to every cranberry grower to join. Eatmor Cranberries New England Cranberry Sales Company (The Cranberry Cooperative) Telephone 200 9 Station Street, Middleboro, Mass. MILLION BARREL CROP! A few years ago a million barrel cranberry crop might have frightened the entire industry. Now, it need frighten no one. Processors are closing out the season short of berries. Confidence in the fresh fruit market has been established with all handlers — brokers, wholesalers and retailers alike. Salesmanship is 90 percent preparation and 10 percent execution. After 7 months of preparation Eatmor Cranberries is ready to execute the sales needed for this crop. We look forward to a million barrel crop as a necessity to meet the demands that have been created by our merchandising program and the merchandis- ing program of National. We say to you growers: Eatmor is prepared; and if other fresh fruit shippers are equally prepared, we need not fear for price or volume. Harold E. Bryant EATMOR CRANBERRIES, INC. EATMOR CRANBERRIES, Inc. The only nationally advertised name in fresh cranberries. 5 South Sixth Street New Bedford, Mass. ^ S '\ ▼ -*- y*\ L A (X) -eaaw '^9.^amBY SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSJN OREGON WASHINGTON Tall U S Senator Leverett Saltonstall sits, while he places Crown on head of new Cianberry Queen Lee Saunders. (CRANBERRIES Phtot) 30 Cents OCTOBER 1953 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Cape & Vineyard BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, Bridfeton Tuckahoe E ectric Company LAWSON and HERCULES New Jersey ENGINES Eispert Workmanship Offices: Only Genuine Parts used Apples Engine Driven Generators Cranberries Cnatnam Falmouth For Emergency Portable and All Applications Peaches Hyannis Power Mowers Provincetown and Tractors Serviced OROWERS AND SHIPPERS Vint yard Haven Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 iel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. Hall & Cole Established 1848 Wareham Savings Bank and EQUIPMENT Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers Falmouth Branch HAYDEN 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent SEPARATOR WAREHAM MASS PUMPS appi.es and cranberries specialties PHONE WAREHAM 82 SPRINKLER Car Lot Receivers FALMOUTH 80 IRRIGATION SEPARATORS - The Nationa Be mk of Wareham »d for Cranberry men AND CONVEYORS Conveniently locatf Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Scrcenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction Funds always aval lable for sound loans ALFRED PAPPI inking Service WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. 626 Complete B{ ADVERTISE Member Federal D< »po8it insurance Corp. in CRANBERRIES DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR B-6100. 5-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD South Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood INSECTICIDES CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters JS^ Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York • • • "cranberries" was the original and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. • • • Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. SERVICES BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. FOR SALE Wooden Cranberry Dryers, Crates, Scoops and Rakes South Paris, Maine Write M. F. FLETCHER 1134 So. Thomas St. Arlington, Va. One DIRECTORY FOR .GRAN BERR^ GRaWERt> WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. - INC. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J. &J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 FOR SALE Quarter Barrel Cranberry Shipping Boxes FRANK H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. FOR SALE THREE LARGE CRANBERRY PROPERTIES All with reservoirs Two of them have Blueberry Fields Age, reason for sellinp; F. EARL HAINES Medford, New Jersey FOR SALE 300 NEW CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES (HAND NAILED) SUNSET MEADOWS Cranberry Co. Hill St. & Rte. 44 Raynham, Mass. WARMER WINTER? A guess as to the mildness of the coming winter in Massachusetts has been hazarded by Dr. H. J. Franklin, i-ctired head of Massa- chusetts Cranberry Experiment Station, who has forecast correctly before. Statement required by the Act of August 24, 1912, as amended by the Acts of March 3, 1933, and July 2, 1946 (Title 39, United States Code, Section 233) showing the Ownership, Management, and Circulation of CRANUERRIES, the National Cran- berry Mapazine, published monthly at Wareham, Massachusetts, for October, 1953. 1. The names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business managers are: Publisher — Clarence J. F. Hall, Ware- ham. Mass. Editor — Clarence J. F. Hall. Wareham, Mass. Managing Editor — Clarence J. F. Hall. Wareham. Mass. Business Manager — Clarence J. F. Hall. Wareham, Mass. 2. The owner is : Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham, Mass. .'i. The known bondholders, mortga- gees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: None. CLARENCE J. F. HALL. Sworn to and subscribed before me this eighteenth day of September. 1953. (Seall MORRILL S. RYDER. Notary Public. (My commission expires April 6, 1959) The winter will be mild, he be- lieves, and the facts upon which he bases his conclusions may likely be relied upon. The present is a cycle of general warming up in the entire Northern hemisphere. In Massachusetts each month since last October has been warmer than normal, and that month was only a degree below average. Since January there has been an excess temperature of 669 degrees (Sept. 30) piled up at Boston. Bos- ton Weather Bureau long-range forecast is for probably sunny, pleasant October in Massachusetts, v.'ith first general heavy frosts about the 28th as is usually the case. Eatmor Allocated 275,000 Bbls. of Crop Growers' Council, which allo- cates the proportion of the cran- berry crop handled by Eatmor Cranberries, (formerly American Cranberry Exchange) and National Cranberry Association, meeting at NCA, Hanson, Sept. 22, decided upon a partial disposition. The amount assigned to Eatmor to be sold fresh is 275,000 barrels; to NCA, 516,000, which is the barrel- age, expressed as desired by that co-op. If present estimates of the total U. S. crop of 1,075,400 is correct, approximately HO, 000 barrels of Council berries will remain to be allocated between the fresh and processing cooperatives. Two Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Weather conditions in Septembei- and early October have been un- usually favorable for the harvest- ing of our record crop of cranber- ries. We have been fortunate in this respect since labor has been a little scarce and water supplies have been critically low on many properties. Only three general frost warnings have been released to date (October 8). However, tem- peratures as low at 16° were ex- perienced on some of the inland bogs on the night of September 23, but apparently there was sufficient water to flood these colder loca- tions sicne very little frost damage has been reported. We enjoyed one stretch of thirteen consecutive days of picking. Sun scald resulting fronr the heat wave that occurred in late August and early Septem- ber was estimated to be about 3% — a definite nuisance factor when screening the crop from certain bogs. Before leaving the supject of weather we would like to remind the growers that the telephone dis- tributors would appreciate knowing as soon as anyone has finished picking. It will save the distribu- tors considerable time and the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associ- ation unnecessary phone bills. We are operating on a very limited budget and the growers' coopera- tion in this matter would be great- ly appreciated. The writer would like to com- ment Ellen Stillman, Advertising Director of the National Cranberry Association, and her committee for the very successful Cranberry Fes- tival that was held at Edaville September 26. Miss Stillman was general chairman of the festival committee and as usual arranged a fine program that attracted sev- eral thousand people. A festival of this type not only has great pro- motional value for our industry and its products, but it also serves as an excellent medium for stimu- lating good public relations with Mrs. Consumer and her family. A complete story of this colorful event is found in this issue of CRANBERRIES. We have a few reminders on late fall management. Fairy rings should be treated after harvest. Reference is made to those unsight- ly, circular areas of dead or dying vines that are so conspicuous on bogs at this time of year. The rec- ommendations for the control of this fungus disease are carefully outlines on the Insect and Disease Control Charts. Fall Fertilizing Many growers like to fertilize their bogs in the fall. Application of fertilizers at this time of year will stimulate vine growth the fol- lowing season and not encourage the growth of annual weeds. Dr. Chandler suggests a high phos- phorus fertilizer such as the 1-2-1 ratio. Amounts might vary between 200 to 500 pounds per acre de- pending on the condition of the vines. For further details we sug- gest that growers get in touch with Dr. Chandler. Joe Kelley points out that prun- ing, raking, and sanding operations should be postponed until next spring on bogs lacking an adequate water flood. Mechanical injury to the vines apparently makes them more subject to winter killing. Dr. Cross calls o-jr attention to the fact that sanding areas where poison ivy, small bramble, and cut grass are growing stimulates the growth of these weeds. The poison ivy patches should be left unsanded, or PDB crystals spread under the the sand as recommended in the Weed Control Chart. The PDB treatment can be used with good results as late as November 1 and apparently is more eff'ective if the woody, upright branches of the ivy are removed before applying the crystals and sand. Dr. Cross suggests the pulling of woody plants such as hardtack and mead- ow sweet after harvest. It still isn't too late to pull out beggar ticks or pitchforks before they go to seed. It is better to defer the sanding of low spots where cut grass is growing until the drain- age problem can be solved. Spot treatment of grassy areas and tus- socks of sedges and rushes with kerosene or Stoddard Solvent is also helpful. Quality of Crop The general quality of our 1953 crop has received considerable at- tention this fall. A few comments seem in order at this time. Grow- ers will remember that two Keep- ing Quality Forecasts were re- leased this spring and early sum- mer. These forecasts indicated that weather conditions did not favor good keeping quality and that fun- gicidal treatments or holding the flood waters until late May would be in order for those bogs that tend to produce weak fruit. Those who treated their bogs in this manner have been very much pleased with the results. Our experiments here at the Cranberry Station show a tremendous improvement in the quality of the crop where the bog was treated with two applications of fermeate. We have yet to meet a grower who wasn't pleased vnth the results of late holding of the flood waters. Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1. Growers supplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin, 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. Thrge Another cranberry picking: sea- son is about over. Western Pickers, Inc., is very much gratified for the part it has played in a very success- ful season. Nearly every grower is now fore- casting that in five years, or less, the whole Industry will be mech- anized in its picking. As the Wetern Picker is the only established picker in the field, we feel that some of the kudos should go to Western. We introduced machine picking against a great prejudice — that it couldn't be done now because of the many failures in the last eightly years. (Patent Ofi'ice Records). We brought out Picking in bags instead of boxes. We combined pruning, combing and picking in one machine for a great saving in costs to the Industry. We provided a great proving ground for all the ideas of grow- ers in the field, for the advance- ment of cheaper and better vine conditioning and picking. We furnished a means of re- habilitating old bogs which could not be brought back into profitable production by any other method. We clean up your bogs. We prevent injury to your bog from excessive tramping, kneeling, standing and storage. We eliminate uneven ripening of your berries by eliminating uneven- ness due to whirl cowlicks, and knee marks due to hand scooping in all directions. This also tends to make your berries even in size. We reduce scalding by raising the berries off the ground and make the new growth serve as a cover when the berries approach ripness. We beautify your bog by making it look like a smooth carpet. We increase your yield over a three year average period. The highest producing bogs in Massa- chusetts are Western Picked. We provide service night and day to growers — making them feel that they are a part of a great Frater- nity— having common objectives and a common way to achieving them — that these growers are not orphans. We are the common information center for detailed conditions in all the cranberry producing areas. Western Pickers are never obsolete. (ADV). EDITORIAL To the cranberry industry goes our salute for its valiant effort in carrying on in good times or bad. Cranberry growers have given us an outstanding example of going it alone. During war time, top prices were restricted by ceilings, but never in all the war and post- war period have berries been sup- ported at any price levels fixed by the Government. The industry has had its ups and downs and has been beset by heart- breaking economic problems over a three or four-year period begin- ning in 1948. Despite all this it has solved its own problems and show- ed a determination to carry on without Government aid. Now, as the industry has turned the corner and is headed toward new achievements in cranberry production and distribution, we sa- lute you — cranberry growers. We wish you all the success that you most certainly deserve by this dem- onstration of your ability to work out your own problems. We are pleased to point out that in doing so, you have maintained the char- acteristically independent attitude which marked those early pioneers who landed at Plymouth and es- tablished the first settlements right here in the cranberry land of Massachusetts. (From "The Cran- Bog Crier," published at Festival and Harvest Time by the Massa- chusetts Department of Agricul- ture, Walter E. Piper, editor, Eliz- abeth S, Fox "chief scooper.") PENINSULA CLUB SEPTEMBER MEETING Speaking at the September meet- ing of the Peninsula Cranberry Club, Long Beach, Washington, were Leonard Morris and Frank Glenn, both of whom in August made airplane trips to Massachu- setts nraetings. They discussed features of the trip. Mr. Glenn also gave a showing of several reels of sound movies and the eve- ning was concluded with a lunch served by Joe Rowe and Mrs. Frank Turner. As October is harvest month, it was voted not to hold any meeting this month. 28' Sickle bar ,«;f,,\jl cuts weeds, brush, grass- trims close to buildings and trees. Climbs hills. ^. lAWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW ATTACHMEHTS 20' Full Floating Reel 16' Rotary Snow Thrower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. -,awn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. lUl WMHDJOTON •T«W«! WEft laWTON «. *A«t. Fo«r \^ ^^'^^''''"""'""^^o^fif^^ ISSUE OF OCTOBER. 1953 VOL. NO. Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Waieham, Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-oTice at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FiELDS Compiled by C J. H, MASSACHUSETTS 70% Harvested by Oct. 1 Harvesting, getting under way in real ernest about the week of September 20th (although some fruit had been picked in thin vines and high spots the latter days of August) was estimated to be about 70 percent harvested by October 1st. Many growers began on their Late Howes the last week of the month. Picking was slow the first of September, even though ahead of last year, as berries were reluctant to gain color and size, due chiefly to warm weather. First half ran about four degrees warmer than normal a day. Crop Running Over By month's end picking was rush- ing and it appears the government estimate of 640,000 barrels might be exceeded by as much as 10,000. For one thing the Cape proper has a beautiful crop, perhaps as much as 100,000 barrels. Bogs which have borne much, if anything in years, were producing this fall. Rainfall Off Rainfall for September totalled only 2.40 inches, or nearly an inch below the norm. Much of this fell on the 21st in a heavy "line" storm. This occurred on the exact 15 an- niversary of the disastrous "New England Hurricane" of 1938. Total precipitation for the 24 hours, as recorded at State Bog was 1.96 inches. The rain poured in every di- rection, straight down, slantwise and from apparently every di- rection except up — :and then some drops splashed high as they hit the earth hard. The storm aided the crop as conditions were be- coming pretty dry. Frost Loss Slight The night of September 23 brought the first really heavy frost of the fall. While only 30 v.as reported at the State Bog, there were recordings of lows in cold spots of 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26, with the latter the most common figure. There had been some frost the night before, that night off'i- cially bringing in Autumn at 4.07 a. m. Inland areas reached 22% (Foxboro) 26 (Sharon.) There was slight frost loss dur- ing September, most of it occurring on the 23rd. Director Cross of the Station has put down the toll for the whole month as not more than 2,000 barrels. For the month as a whole tem- peratures ran about two degrees a day above normal. WISCONSIN Cranberry Weather Notes Precipitation was well below nor- ilial. There were only a few light showers which wei'e spread thinly through the month. Most stations received under one inch and totals were barely over one half inch in southern bogs. Abundant sunshine and relatively low humidities con- tributed in depletion of surface moisture. Maximum temperatures were near to slightly above normal but minima were on the cool side. There were numerous frosts. Bog temperatures as low as 32° were recorded on 5, 7, 8, 13, 14, 16, 19, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, and 30th; however, in numerous instances northern marshes wer eabove 32 due to winds and clouds. Lowest temperatures were on the 13th and 18th when readings below 20° were recorded. Arthur F. Wolford, Meteorologist Harvest Over-Running? Harvesting- got into full swing- around the 24th of September, and there was considerable opinion that the crop .will ovei--run previous estimates. Some Water Shortages Water supplies were becoming short in some areas. The rainfall was negligible, and several heavy frosts caused growers to use up a lot of water. NEW JERSEY Weather The weather during September at Pemberton was abnormally dry but was normal as to temperature. Despite temperatures exceeding 95° the first five days of the month, the average temperature was brought down to 67.6°, 0.6° below normal, by the many cool nights. There were 13 nights when the temperature dropped below 50 de- grees. The laboratory frost warn- ing service issued four frost warn- ings on the 13th, 17th, 22nd and 23rd, when minimum bog tem- peratures were 28°, 28°, 24° and 24° respectively. Rainfall totaled only 1.43 inches, which is 2.74 inches deficient from the usual pre- cipitation for this month. At the end of the month there was a very great shortage of reser- voir water. A severe frost could do much damage. Other possible dis- advantageous eff'ects of the lack of water are the excessive scoop dam- age to vines, excessive drop of berries before and during scoop- ing, and inability to collect floaters. Harvest Almost continuous dry, clear weather has favored the harvesting of cranberries, although heavy (Continued on Page 18) Five Grower Advises Other Growers Considerable Sums Are Vital For Proper Cranberry Promotion "Advertising Is a Long Pull, Like Stalking a Bear," Asserts Perley B. Merry, With Bog Interests in Massachusetts and A Merchandising Executive Position in New Yoi-k. By CLARENCE J. HALL "Advertising has been defined as 'salesmanship in print.' It is a powerful force when harnessed properly, but is frequently misunJerstood. For example, good advertising will not cause people to fight to buy a product — advei-tising, powerful as it is, can be largely wasted money, unless the product is properly merchandised before the advertising appears. "Advertising is a long pull. It is like stalking a bear. Merchandising is being sure you have the gun loaded for the bear when you catch up with it; with the right kind of ammunition in the gun, that the gun is aimed accurately and then fired at the right time. "Advertising and merchandising are absolutely essential to the welfare and prosperity of the cranberry industry. Every grower should fully appreciate that fact, to protect his own pocketbook." Is in Cranberry and Textile Business These are the statements of Pei-ley B. Merry of 16 Inness Place, Manhasset, Long Island, who describes himself as being in both the cranberry and textile business- es. He is a merchandising execu- tive for the Van Heusen shirt conr- pany, New York, being in charge of four departments. His activ- ities include buying and selling. He has been a buyer for the huge R. H. Macy department store in New York City and a vice presi- dent and sales manager for the B. V. D. Corporation. From this experience, outside cranberry growing, he believes he has achieved something of an un- FALL HAZARDS During the Harvest and Shipping Season do you worry about truckloads of cranberries tipping over? Do you worry about the theft of berries from your buildings? These, and many other hazards can be inexpensively covered by insurance. Call us for the complete story. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 derstanding of both advertising and merchandising. And, speaking as a grower, to other growers, he urged that Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., National Cranberry Associa- tion and such independents as are putting on extensive, even though costly advertising and merchandis- ing programs, are absolutely on the right track. A Million a Year for Cranberry Promotion Today, competition within the corner grocery or the super market for the housewife's dollar is such that strong programs must be car- ried out, he says. A half-million dollars a year, minimum, and perhaps as much as a million is not too much to spend in promoting cranberry sales. The Van Heusen company, for example, he says, spends a million and a half a year to advertise its products because it estimates the job can't be done for less, even with skillful mer- chandising. Mr. Merry's cranberry interest lies in 19 V2 acres of bog, owned by his wife, Mrs. Catherine Merry, who is a member of New England Cranberry Sales Company. The bogs are located in Rochester, Mass. They are in two sections about 400 yards apart on either side of the West Branch of the Sippican River. One piece was built by Mr. Merry's late father, Bion C. Merry and consists of 9V2 acres and the other, of 10 was built for Merry by Thomas Brothers of Mid. dleboro four years ago. In expressing his thoughts upon advertising and merchandising, Mr. Merry feels he is carrying out the oft-repeated request of industry marketing leaders that even the smallest grower should interest himself in what becomes of his ber- ries after they leave his hands — that is, be vitally concerned with marketing as well as production. His opinions that the advertising and merchandising dollar is not being wasted will be put forward in more detail a little later in this article. Making a pun, Mr. Merry says, during the past few years he had a hard time living up to his sur- name. Merry, as concerns the cran- Six berry business. "Now I feel a whole lot better. I am optimistic again over the whole cranberry future." "I'm happy at the way the two big co-ops and some independents are working together. The adver- tising and merchandising cam- paigns and the present progressive attitude of Eatmor are making- things different. I think both co- ops, as a m.'atter of fact, are doing excellent jobs of selling our cran- berry production." The Merry Bogs The Merrys are not a cranberry family. Perley's father, a man from Maine, was an educator. The elder Mr. Merry went to Wareham as superintendent of schools not long after the turn of the century. He soon began to hear much about cranberries, and decided that some day he would be a grower himself. He bought land, suitable for cran- berries, in 1906. However, many years passed, and shortly before, 1929, he, as superintendent of schools, took his life savings and had the bog built by hand labor under his own supervision. He built one of the best pos- sible bogs, not sparing costs, and planted it all to Early Blacks. It's production over the years at- tests to how good a bog it is, av- erage being 50 barrels to the acre over a ten-year period. When Bion Merry died, 12 years ago, the property was passed along to his son, who continued growing cranberries there. Then, as stated, four years ago, Perley built his own bog, all by most modern mechanical methods and planted this entirely to Late Howes. It produced its first real crop last fall. Actual management of both pieces is in the hands of Herbert E. Dustin of West Wareham, whom Mr. Merry considers "one of the smartest growers in Mas- sachusetts," and declares he could not get along without his super- vision. However, Mr. Merry spends considerable time, spring, summer 'and fall at his summer home at Planting Island, Marion, adjacent to Wareham, and gets up to the bogs a good deal. / Peilej Meiry sits on bog flume whi] marketing- and advertising-. He is as shown here. e he discusses his views on cranberry most always smoking a good cigar, (CRANBERRIES Photo) Mr. Merry is, of course, much interested in these bogs. He points out, with pardonable pride, the almost weedless condition of the bogs, the fact he has roadways all around the properties, and both have automatic electric pumping equipment to keep ditches at a de- sired water level. Bogs have com- plete frost and winter flowage. There is plenty of good sand. eluded. There is no screening equip- About 35 acres of upland are in- ment since berries are taken to NECSCO packing house at near- by Tremont. But, this is more of a story of advertising and merchandising cranberries than of cranberry bogs. Perley Merry was born in Bos- ton and later his family moved to Lexington, Massachusetts and Seven -• ftifv^ii^'^^m'sfi^^" Looking- down main ditch, showing almost perfect condition of first Merry bog. (CRANBERRIES Photo) while at high school there he was awarded a scholarship. This, he says, enabled him to go to Dart- mouth College, without too much financial strain upon his father — this and the fact he worked sum- mers as a common laborer. He was graduated froirr Dartmouth in 1926 with a B. S. degree. He then took an additional year at the associated Tuck School of Bus- iness administration and Finance, receiving the degree, M. C. S., or, master of commercial science. He doesn't take either degree too ser- iously. After school he entered the bus- iness world, having nothing to do with cranberries until his father passed away. In addition to the bogs already mentioned he is a small minority shareholder in the Eldridge bog, adjacent to the first Merry bog, now operated by the J. J. Beaton Company. This stock had been acquired by his father. He built the second Merry bog Eight when his second son, Robert was boys at least in beans in the fu- born. The Merry's other son is ture, but won't give them enough Donald. "I felt," Mr. Merry says, money to spoil them." "that these two bogs will keep Vcvd Mr. Merry's thoughts upon ad- BEATON'S DISTRIBUTING AGENCY NATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS OF for over a quarter century in United States and Canada WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. Wareham 130 or 970 vertising and merchandising cran- berries and upon the industry in general follow. "Advertising is as I said, sales- manship in print." It is also "de- mand for cranberries insurance" and you've got to pay the premium every year, or, like any insurance policy, it is no good. Advertising is money wasted unless you keep it up. "Even though you do a good job of advertising, people are not going out of their way to buy cranberries, unless you make it as convenient as possible for them. That is where merchandising came into the pic- ture. "This means bringing cranberries and the consumer together under advantageous conditions, which in turn means cranberries should be attractively displayed; there should be 'inside-the-store' advertising, or 'point-of-sale' advertising, to at- tract attention. There should also be a streamer or cranberry banner in the store window. "To get the housewife into the store to buy cranberries there should be timely newspaper adver- tising, and, in the local papers be- cause they 'pull' so well. There should be spot radio and TV adver- tising. Whether the cranberries are fresh or processed an attractive package is necessary. "If you want the most out of your advertising money, you must plan your merchandising and ad- vertising at least 9 months before cranberries go on sale because they must first go through 'the trade.' In fresh cranberries considerable is dependent upon the weather, how well and at what time the fruit ripens. Nature has to give us enough berries properly colored early to successfully land them in the hands of the consumer to get more in home freezers for use the year i-ound. "More fresh cranberries in more home deep freezers is a new ob- jective of Eatmor. "Independents Essential" "I would like to say here, I think both co-ops are doing excellent jobs of advertising and merchandis- ing. I hope that for their own health and for the good of all growers they have really stopped fighting each other. "This conviction of mine may not be popular in all quarters, but I believe the independents are ex- tremely essential in cranberries, or any other business. They are es- sential for the free enterprise sys- tem of the American way of life. They also frequently have good ideas of their own to contribute to the good of the industry. "I might be impudent enough to make one observation, and that is this; 'if all growers worked to- gether to make a bigger cranberry pie and stopped worrying about the individual slice each may get, the bigger pie would give a bigger piece to all. "I humbly suggest we all let 'bygones be bygones.' One of the signs of a big man is his willing- ness to admit and sometimes apolo- gize for his past mistakes. At the same time I recognize there is never a complete meeting of minds, and it is frequently, fortunate there isn't, because in different ideas lie the best way to achieve px'Ogress. Listen to the Other Man's Point of View "If everybody in the cranberry business would listen to the other man's point of view, weigh argu- ments pro and con, and then use his own good commonsense, every- body would win, because I firmly believe that the strength of dem- ocracy's foundation is the common sense of the average man and woman. "The views I have expresed are one man's opinion, and the opinion of a small grower, but one who genuinely admires every grower, merchandiser or salesman that he has ever met within the industry." Mr. Merry is modest enough to admit there is probably little new in the ideas he expresses, but he hopes, coming from a grower, other cranberrymen will be convinced that cranberries do not sell them- selves in this day of intense store competition and so must be mer- chandized and advertised. LOOK— STUDY! THE 5 POINTS LISTED BELOW. They tell you why you can have confidence in us • Nationwide Distribution for Cape Cod Cranberries O Aggressive sales planning and control • EflScient and economical operations • Simplified accounting — prompt payments • Cooperating with other agencies to correct present weaknesses of the cranberry industry. MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 17 Court Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 "cranberries" was the original and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. PJinp Record Attendance at Annual Massachusetts Festival Governor Herter seated between State Senator Edward C. Stone (left) and President Marcus L. Urann, National Cranberry Association, enjoys fried chiclien, eating with fingers in the old-fa- f-jsioited \vi;y at the Cranberry Festival, Edaville, last Sunday. Note big gobs of cranberry sauce on the plates. (Courier photo) U. S. Senator Saltonstall Places Crown on Head of Lee Saunders, Choice of Wareham High — Mass. Gov. Herter Reads Cran- berry Week Proclamation. U. S. Senator Leverett Salton- stall (R-Mass.) September 26 placed the crown of the National Cranberry Festival upon the blond head of Miss Lee Saunders, 16, of Rochester, Wareham High's candi- date for the queen contest. Miss Saunders was selected over Miss Polly Norris, 17, Bourne High's se- lection and she succeeds Miss Joy Reece of Harwichport. There were no candidates from New Jersey as had been anticipated. With pei'fect early autumn weather, a bright blue sky, white puffy clouds and a tinge of nip in the air, the largest crowd on rec- ord attended this 6th festival at Edaville, South Carver. Notables present besides Senator Saltonstall included Gov. Christian A. Herter, who is becoming a grower, State Senator Edward C. Stone of Oyster Harbors and Congressman Donald T6>> W. Nicholson, Wareham. There were food editors, TV, radio com- mentators and camermen, scores of professional and amateur, still, and movie photographers present. Grand prize in the biggest berry contest went to Edward Shilling of Kingston, with a Batcheldor, weigh- ing 4.46 grams of a berry "23 to the cup." A hig-h note in the affair (for growers, at least) was a re- markable exhibition of harvesting implements, with scoops dating from Civil War days to the present, and cranberry containers, from the old 100 lb. barrel through to cello- phane packages, collected and ar- ranged by State Cranberry Spe- cialist "Dick"' Beattio, assisted by Ralph Thacher of Hyannis. There was a best cranberry dish contest, and a dining room arrangement with cranberry theme contest and a jam eating contest for boys and girls. The affair began with a parade at Plymouth sponsored by the Ply- mouth Chamber of Commerce which proceeded to Edaville, in which the queens rode in an open car. Car- ver Chief of Police Arthur P. Mos- kos, and former Chief A. Tremaine Smith besides the Carver force were assisted by police from Han- son in handling the traffic. More than 2500 sat down to the chicken and cranberry barbecue, and more than 1,000 requesting ti-'kets were turned away. An ex- cellent pageant written by Miss Ellen Stillman, NCA vice presi- dent in charge of advertising and publicity was presented on a stage with a natural-seeming back- ground of evergreen trees. A pag- eant, taking in episodes from Col- umbus discovering America to present day were presented by elaborately-costumed employes of NCA. Drawing the most applause was the episode of Henry Hall making his discovery, on the beach at East Dennis, that where sand had grown over wild vines, berries grew best. This led to the build- ing of the first bog in 1816 (still in existence). A portrayal of Mar- cus L. Urann working in his kitchen in 1910 making the first can of Ocean Spray cranberry sauce, was also shown. Ken Dalton, Brockton radio broadcaster was master of cere- monies and narrator. Welcome address was by Presi- dent Urann, then Mrs. Ellis D. At- wood of Edaville was introduced, Mrs. Atwood saying, "I think today is the outstanding success of all the festivals." Mr. Urann intro- duced Governor Herter. Gov. Herter proclaimea National Cranberry week, October 4 to 10 and then gave a short talk. He told how cranbein-ies are Mas- sachusetts' leading export crop. As a prospective grower he asserted he had wild cranberries growing at his home in Sharon and had joined NCA. "There is no greater enjoyment than looking at a cranberry bog- throughout various seasons. It has an esthetic value." He concluded by saying "Thank you for letting me participate in this event." Following this President Urann introduced Senator Saltonstall say- ing, "No one has done better in Washington." The Massachusetts Senator said recently he flew from Marthas Vineyard to New Bedford, over the Sound he saw the beautiful harvest moon which was a lovely sight. "1 am happy to be at this harvest fes- tival. We are proud of our cran- berry harvest and the worth of our crop, a multi-million dollar produc- tion. "You cranberry growers stand on your own feet. You are inde- pendent citizens. We in Washing- ton respect your independent free- dom. You are a great example of what we want to carry through in government. We have to be strong to be free." Turning to Korea he spoke of the peace conference and warned his audience not to become impa- tient because of slow progress. "Our greatest duty today, is to keep the peace if we have to keep at the conference table everlasting- ly. We must make the conference successful." M. C. Ken Dalton introduced Miss Reece, the '52 queen, and she said her meeting in New York with "Rocky" Marciano was one of the high points of her reign. Miss Reece wore a pink evening gown. She is now attending a secretarial school in Boston to learn stenog- raphy and might do some modeling on the side. Miss Betty Bucnan, publicity, for Ocean Spray, sits on a cranberry wheelbarrow used to wheel berries "ashore" before World War I. She is dressed in old fashioned "picking" clothes of about the same vintage. (NCA photo) Miss Reece draped the royal pur- ple robe over the shoulder of Miss Saunders who wore a strapless evening gown of deep blue, handed her the large silver loving cup into which Mr. Urann placed a check for $250 which is to go for her future education. The new queen, who is 16 and the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Saunders said she hoped to go to college to study interior decorating and hoped to study piano in addi- tion. Miss Norris said it was her ambition to be an airline hostess and do some modeling. She is 17 and a senior at Bourne High School. These two girls were se- lected from nine candidates from high schools in the Massachusetts cranberry area in a contest at King- ston, the preceding Monday. Both Miss Sanuders and Miss Norris re- ceived checks for $50 at that time. After asking how it felt to be chosen Cranberry Queen, Lee Saun- ders said, "It feels wonderful, I am so surpurised. Thank you for everyone who has helped me and belive me, a lot of people have." Judges for the contest wore Mrs. Atwood, Senator Stone and State Senator Hastings Keith of Brock- ton. In addition to the scoops and containers, of particular interest to grower^ were showings of mech- anical pickers, these including one patented in 1893, the modern West- ern, the Carlson and the Darling- ton. There were also dusting ma- chines, fertilizer spreaders, sand- Eleveo ing jalopys, dusters and sprayers, pruners, power mowers, weed clip- pers, and various liand implements. First prizes in best cranberry dish went to Mrs. A. Morton of Plympton with a cranbei'ry cheese cake, table arrangement to Mrs. Frank Davis, Norwood. Concluding event of the program was a presentation by Mr. Urann to Miss Stillman of an armful of chrysanthemums and — a complete surprise, a large silver fruit bowl. That evening the Misses Saun- ders, Reece and Norris wei'e guests of honor at a banquet at the Toll House, Whitman. September 29 Lee and Polly broadcast at 9 o'clock over radio station WBET, Brockton. Berry Contest The cranberries entered in the Biggest Cranberry Contest were somewhat larger than those enter- ed in 1952 but smaller than those entered in 1951. The largest berry was weighed, the cup count of the largest berries was determined, and the number of berries per pound counted. The biggest berry in the contest was also the biggest berry in Class 1. It was raised by Edward Shil- ling of Kingston, Mass. It was a Bateheldor with 2.3 berries filling a cup. Second, W. E. Tomlinson, Jr., Buzzards Bay, Mass., Centennial, 27 per cup. Third, Charles W. Ad- ams, Grayland, Washington, Mc- P'arlin, 31 per cup. Fourth, Lauri Ovaska, East Taunton, Mass., Mc- Farlin, 30 per cup. Fifth, W. E. Tomlinson, Jr., Holliston, 30 per cup. Sixth, E. J. Sundquist, Gray- land, Washing-ton, Mc^arlin, 34 per cup. Seventh, M. S. Duarte, Vine- yard Haven, Mass., 30 per cup (the largest berry in this sample weigh- ed less than the largest berry in the sample which was fifth). Eighth, William Stillman, Scituate, Mass., Bateheldor, 38 per cup. The biggest berry in Class 2, Howes, was raised by Sidney L. Evarts, Madison, Conn.; there were 49 per cup. This entry arrived late and weight, cup count, and number per pound were not available when announcements were made at the Cranberry Festival. Ellen and An- ton Makela, Hanson, Mass., also entered in this clas with Howes which had a cup count of 71. Class 3, Early Black, had eight Twelve Clarence J. Hall, editor of 'Cianbenies" talks about the cranberry business with Governor Christian Herter at Edaville Cranberry Festival. (Photo, Matt Riley) entries. First, Harold W. Shepard, Marsons Mills, Mass., cup count 49. Second, Bailey and Cole, Dux- bury, Mass., 57 per cup. Third, M. S. Durate, Vineyard Haven, Mass., 60 per cup. Fourth, George R. Rob- erts, Alfred, Maine, 67 per cup. Fifth, Ellen and Anton Makela, Hanson, Mass., 50 per cup. Sev- enth, Herbert W. Ellis, Plymouth, Mass., 53 per cup. Eighth, William Stillman, Scituate, Mass., 60 per cup. Class 4, other varieties. First Eben W. Nye, Sagamore, Mass., Early Red, 34 per cup. Second, Lauri Ovaska, East Taunton, Mass., mixed, 36 per cup. Third, George R. Roberts, Alfred, Maine, mixed, 38 per cup. Fourth, Daniel Deeoste, Fatima. Magdelen Island, Quebec, Canada, wiid berries, 62 per cup. BOG 64ths Some old-time Cape Cod cran- berry bogs are capitalized on a basis of 64th interests. This goes back to the time when old sea- faring men turned from ships to cranberries. In their sailing days they had raised capital to build new vessels by selling interests in "64ths." The cost of the prospec- tive ship was divided into 64 parts and investors bought one or more of these parts. When the heyday of sailing was over for those hardy Cape Codders, many of them turned to cranber- ries. It was only natural that they use this same method of financing the construction of their bogs — that is, by selling "64th" interests. So, to this day a few of Cape Cod's bogs still belong to some thirty or forty owners, the heirs of sea-faring folk who bought one, two or more "64ths" at the time the bogs were built. KriL WEEDS AT LESS COST WITH AMSCO STODDARD SOLVENT PROVIDENCE, R. I. Hopkins 370 Aliens Avenue 1-1300 BO.'^TON. MASS. Trospect nn F"lev Street fi-sinn CHICAGO, ILL. Andover 2S0 N. Michienn 3-3(150 NEW YORK CITY Murray Hill 1.1.5 E. 44th Street 2-6490 PHII.AnELPHIA. PA. Caldwell Lane Conshohocken. Pa. fi-1010 MILWAUKEE. WIS. Greenfield 1719 S. R3rH St. C-2 630 LOS ANGET.ES. Calif. SSnO S. Garfield Ave.Mndison | South Gate. Calif. n-21 70 PORTLAND. OPE. Topaz S. W. Gibbs St. 2-.S101 Service in 48 States AMERICAN MINERAL SPIRITS COMPANY Vol. 18 No, 6 ISSUE OF OCTOBER 1953 L/ Z^"*^'^'^'*^^ 'ADVERTISING IS LIKE STALKING A BEAR" WE suggest the reading of the article in this issue upon the thoughts of Perley Merry concerning merchandising and ad- vertising of cranberries. Some growers, perhaps many, still ask "What's the use of advertising cranberries? It's money thrown away." Maybe the cranberry advertising dollar was not as important in an earlier day as now, but can any grower really believe this year's more than 1,000,000 barrels could be marketed in present competition in groceries without proper promotion? We believe this would be utterly impossible. This is why we think the reading of the Merry article is worthwhile. Here is a grower, with extensive experience in "outside" merchandising and advertising, who realizes this, and tries to explain to fellow cranberrymen the value of such programs. That's why we say the points he brings out should be carefully con- sidered. There is not too much new in what he says, as he explains. But it is from one grower to another — and should bear weight. FESTIVAL TIME AGAIN JPALL in one respect is a time of frivolity for the cranberry industry. But only to an extremely limited extent, otherwise it is just about the busiest time of the entire year. In the aspect of frivolity we are refer- ring, of course to the cranberry harvest festivals. These are really getting to be something . Some growers call them a nui- sance, in certain respects, but they do help make the general public cranberry- conscious at hte start of the fresh cranberry season. They really do turn out publicity in newspapers, magazines, radio and televi- sion. A surprising lot of it. A National festival at Edaville in Massachusetts brought out more than 4,000 with such dignities present as the Massachusetts governor and a U. S. senator. It is true there were not many growers attending, really a rather lamentable number — but most growers were busy harvesting. There was interest in the biggest berry contest, with more entries than ever before ; in the truly remarkable exhibit of cranberry CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin C. D. HAMMOND, Jr. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington — Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. Ne-w Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey harvest and shipping equipment from Civil War days to the present, assembled by Cranberry Specialist "Dick" Beattie.. Out in Wisconsin Rapids, the Milwaukee Journal estimated 70,000 attended the two- day "Cranboree," that noted paper giving considerable news and picture space to the occasion. A total of 24,000 pieces of cranbery pie was distributed free. There was a three-mile-long parade with thrity- five bands. Oregon will have its cranberry festival this month ; Washington its affair in November. We think, the publicity gained, the pleasure afforded thousands upon thousands, the attention focussed upon the cranberry is well worth the price of the candle. Thirteen Fourteen 3-"^= T3 ? 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yi H o o ^ sm ^ ^ c s. ■3 H ^ u o 4J VJ ca h t/i c o m c a. (S *+j o .2 'o -3 — o c 7^ K fe ■S c 03 "^ffi 2 C , tu O u M c« S oi ^ ^ . •. iTi t+H W f-i O ■'-' *^ +J r5 •— c -*-• ^ • .^ ^. H ^ E s & •^^j-S^ g^-p ann utts, ichar c <^ « <" tn . w m m ?J o c r, f^ '-S -e K tended Boza; Leon M 2 Ss T3 a <; 0) S m- X gro olby, pkin ^U ^ oT Of >-^ - o c ^ £f U ■s ^7 W) . a — '*-■ — ^ T3 -< 2 'm w Sixteen Wisconsin's Fiffh Annual Cranboree Drawi 75,000 \s.«\-\\ v:i4:m«^-^ ^^ National Cranboiee Queen Leanne rides with her Court at Wisconsin Rapids. (Wise. Rapids Tribune Photo) 18-Year Old Wisconsin Rap- ids High Girl Chosen Queen Over 15 Contest- ants — Event Becoming Known as "Mardi Gras of The North." Wisconsin's fifth annual "Cran- boree," September 25th and 26th jamed more than 75,000 spectators and participants into a cranberry- happy Wisconsin Rapids. The city was literally full of cranberry pies, a total of 24,000 pieces being dis- tributed free. Restaurants provided pie and lunches and also cranberry cocktail. The byword of the "Cranboree" which is presented by the Wisconsin Rapids Chamber of Commerce is "something for everybody," and be- cause of its great size and interest has come to be known as the "Mardi Gras of the North." There was a three mile long pa- rade on the second day, with 35 colorful bands and marching units, floats. Events of the first day were network radio broadcast, open to the public, 'Old-Timer's "Reunion luncheon (by ticket), clowns, street entertainment, kiddy rides, "Banan- oree" parade, a mock affair, pave- ment dance, coronation program, Miss Leanne Parmenter, 18, of Wis- consin Rapids having been choosen 1953 Cranberry Queen, di'um and bugle corps competition. Queen Leanne rode with her court in the parade, wearing a for- mal dress of "deep cranberry" col- or. She was crowned by U. S. Sena- tor (R) Alexander Wiley, of Wis- consin. Saturday's events included Peter Panoree show, clowns, street en- tertainment, free cranberry pie, the parade, special exhibition and massed finale, "Cranboree Ball" with pre-dance program and finally the "Cranboree Hoedown." Old Timer's Reunion A feature growing in popularity is the "Old-Timer's" event. A total of 225, al residents of Wisconsin Rapids more than 50 years ago, then a pioneer city were on hand. They came from many states in the Union and Canada. Some were in their 50's many 60 and not a few over 80. It was estimated their combined ages represented well over 18,000 years of life. "Bananoree" Silly Side The parade of the first night is aimed at b?ing a silly affair, with everybody in the parade being out of step and the bands out of har- mony. Citizens paraded in barrels and long-handled underwear. Cos- tumes included space suit, (gold fish and long underwear), a weira individual with flying saucers. King Rex was enthroned upon a high truck atop a bathroom fixture, and there was Salami of Mustard, doing an Egyptian dance. Wrecks of old cars were hitched together and appeared to be able to go either ahead or back (and did.) A fine spectacle was the massed finale with 35 bands joined in the playing of "Semper Fidelis." The Racine (Wise) Boy Scout Bugle and Drum Corps won the tourna- ment. Queen Contest The gifts the cranberry queen rceived included a diamond I'ing, a coat, a $100 certificate. The runner- up was Elaine Coon, who received a gift of luggage. Other gifts went to Marge Mackaben, third place, a radio; Caroline Link, fourth, pearl necklace; Linda Brun- Seventeen 195.'i Queen "Sis" Pai'ir.enter is bussed simultaneously. i)\ band leader and Senator Wiley. Miss Parmenter is 18, nicknamed "Sis", daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Walter Parmenter, Wisconsin Rapids, is a student at Wisconsin Rapids High. She has blue eyes, curly brown hair and is a member of the school Dramatic Cub and President of Girls' Athletic Association. She was chosen from 15 contestants. didge, fifth, a cosmetic kit. Each queen candidate was given a com- pa'^t. The parade had more than 135 entries and took nearly two hours tn pass a given point. During the coronation Senator Wiley declared; "We have come to the middle west to see people en- gaged in sincere and pleasant liv- ing," and he added a note of grati- tude for, "allowing me to be your servant, and then led the audience in singing "God Bless America." First day of the "Cranboree" was cold and cloudy, the second a beau- tiful late September day. Plans for next year's festival are already beginning as this event has grown hugely each time. Fresh From the Fields (Continued from Page 5) morning dews were at the same time a disconcerting handicap. Ap- parently by October 1st the harvest was not quite half completed, with indications that it would e.xceed the August crop estimate. The berries have excellent color and the quality is reported as better than the pre- vious three years. Too Dry Dry weather has held down the sise of the berries except, perhaps, where frost flowing has kept the soil well moistened. Heat damage caused in late August has been re- ported from some bogs, stopping the damage growth of green berries and causing spoilage to set in. OREGON Mi^ hhiu 1 LiKick, Wis 'cnsm Rapids, won cianl)ei 1 V pie li ikiri, . I.I M I over 25 others with an old-fashioned recipe. Her prize was an clectiic range. (Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune photo) Eighteen Some hand-picking and ditch work was begun the last week in September, and several of the smaller bogs were utilizing mech- anical pickers. Rains followed and held up operations, so the big push did not begin until October. Ten or 15 growers were expect- ing to have berries ready for the cannery by the first week of Octo- ber. The NCA cannery at Coquille started operations October first on a few berries. WASHINGTON A similar bad storm at start of harvest delayed operations, but by October 2nd berries were well- ripened. In spite of the bad frost of last spring there appears to be a good crop, as bogs which were not damaged have excellent pros- pects. From Sea To Shining Sea (EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the second installment, continued from last month, in which Dr. Chandler tells of Oregon bog practices, differing from those in the East and Wisconsin.) By F. B. CHANDLER Next morning we drove out of the Park via Route 34 and then to Route 40 on our way to Salt Lake City. To drive through Utah on 40 one sees almost nothing but sagebrush, unusual rock formations of many colors, mountains, a few ranches far apart, in places flocks of sheep and large herds of Here- fords. There were hundreds of miles of almost nothing, with Ver- nal, Utah, an oasis. We stopped at night at a lovely motel. Then on in the morning to Salt Lake City to arrive at Temple Square to hear the noon time organ recital at the Mormon Tabernacle. The music from that 11,00 pipe organ was wonderful and never-to-be forgot- ten. On a tour of the grounds, a city block square, conducted by a grandson of President Brigham Young, we learned much of the be- liefs and works of the Latter Day Saints who tithe both time and money. A dip into Salt Lake, an experience one feels he must have, left us completely covered with a layer of salt and the hot salt — crusted beach made us sure this would never be tried again. As we learned that the temper- ature of the desert had been 106 during the day, we decided to go through at night and we were well rewarded for the scenery became fascinating at sunset, for the red of the setting sun across the purple mountains gave beautiful and changing colors across the ripples of salt which covered the ground as far as one could see. Our route took us to Reno which we were interested to see and we arrived there at noon on July 4th, a big day in Reno for it was Rodeo Day! Harold's Club, one-arm ma- chines and silver dollars we will always associate with Reno. We were looking forward to get- ting to Lake Tahoe but we did take a side trip to see the old mining JdM^ib^^Ma U^Td CKANBERRIES The RED BOOK is a "bible" of the produce business, rating all these engaged in any way as to both financial and moral standing. A very small percentage of the firms receive an additional recognition known as the "RED BOOK Business Character Award". It is, in their words, given to firms with "a high degree of financial stability and whose records and trade dealings are con- sistently favorable". INDIAN TRAIL holds this award, which is particularly gratifying due to the relatively few years that we have been engaged in business. Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN town of Virginia City way up in the mountains. There is interest in reconstructing this ghost town which was once a good-sized city and one wonders how it became what it was being situated so high in the mountains above Carson City or other towns. Down the mountain again and on toward Lake Tahoe, part of which is in Nevada and part in California. What a perfect- ly beautiful lake — ^the water is a deep deep blue and it is surrounded by snow capped mountains! How refreshing and inviting it was es- pecially on such a hot day. The forests surrounding the lake were of tall, straight pine and spruce trees and the girls found huge sugar pine cones, up to 18 inches in length. We loved this spot and left it reluctantly the next day. That afternoon we crossed the line into California at last and be- gan our most thrilling and hazard- ous drive of the whole trip, cross- ing the Sierra Nevades through Tioga Pass on the Tioga Mine Rd., and into Yosmite National Park. A one-way road, but two-way traf- fic with turnouts, complete hairpin turns, steep gi'ades and on every turn the car was at the edge of the road with a deep canyon below. We sat on the edge of our seats, my wife pushing the floorboards and Margaret would say "Oh look Daddy, my isn't it beautiful," and Betty "Don't look. Daddy, watch the road". It was quite an experi- ence and we are sory it wasn't possible to find a place to park in order to take some pictures of these turns in the road and the beauty of the mountains and can- yons. There was a tremendous down-grade to get into Yosemite Valley where we had our first glimpse of Yosemite Falls before dark. Like all tourists, we were interested to see the fire-fall at 9 p. m., from Glacier Point, about a mile above the valley. The next day we drove up to Glacier Point to see Half Dome and a panorma of the entire valley and the falls. In the morning we took a trip up Glacier Point where one sees giant Half Dome rock and a breath- taking view of the valley far be- low, then down the mountains and south to the Mariposa grove of Sequoia trees. We left the park following the Merced River, a roaring stream which centuries ago carved out Yosemite Valley, and drove into a hot desert type of country. Merced is a fruit packing town and we saw our first view of California orchards. Later we saw thousands of acres of walnut, olive, apricot, peach, almond and plum orchards in the Sacremento Valley. Nineteen "Beatei" uted to knock the cranbenies from the vines in water hai vesting. Trainer and pruner to go on a Graverlev mower. (All photos by Dr. Chandler) For a few days we stayed with relatives near Oakland and with them as guides we enjoyed im- mensely seeing fascinating San Francisco. Crossing the long Oak- land-San Francisco bridge we saw Golden Gate Bridge and our first glimpse of Pacific waters and we had finally reached the other "shining sea." During a visit at the University of California at Davis I learned about fruits and irrigation in Cali- fornia from men heading these departments. Following the office visits we all enjoyed a trip through the orchards to see some of the irrigation projects, experimental plots and new varieties. The new varieties of strawberries, which are disease resistant and heavy yield- ing, are changing the areas of pro- duction on the Pacific coast. A litle farther north in the state we visited other relatives and en- joyed our stay in the Valley of the Moon where grapes are the chief agricultural crop. At the Luther Burbank gardens and home in Santa Rosa we saw many of the trees and plants Luther Burbank worked with, and were especially interested in the huge Cedar of Lebanon tree and the edible cactus plants. As we had been making good time and by making our visits with the family a bit shorter, we decided we would make a quick trip up the coast to the cranberry sections of Oregon, Washington and Vancou- ver, B. C. To be in the redwood country was one of the outstanding experi- ences of the entire trip. These trees are so tall and huge and straight, it is impossible to describe or to photograph them to do justice to their beauty and majesty. We spent a wonderful night in oue of the California State Parks in the Redwoods and listened to a ranger talk in the evening. The coast of Oregon with its locks and surf and sparkling water in beautiful, and wd especially were delighted going through a section of Rte. 101 where the highway was lined on both sides with huge rho- dodendrons and mountain laurel. We wished we could have been there a few weeks earlier when they were in blossom. We saw a few Oregon cranberry bogs before dark when we arrived in Bandon. I spent a day and a half visiting cranberry bogs in the Bandon area under the guid- ance of Ray Bates, Jim Olsen, Charles St. Sure, Jack Thienes (county agent), John Conrad, Jack Dean and Bill Bates. We discussed their problems and I learned some- thing of the methods they had used to overcome these problems. Nearly seventy pictures were taken to re- cord some of the observations, but only a few of them can be used here. Bandon Bogs The bogs in the Bandon section are very flat, some of them level r.nd some with a gentle slope to the outlet. The center ditch is us- ually planked on the sides and the top which increases the expense at the time of construction but greatly reduces later costs as ditch cleaning ing and ditch weeding are nearly eliminated. The marginal ditch may or may not be planked. Some bogs had very shallow marginal ditches and some had none. A small reservoir or a wide ditch is usually near the bog. Vines (runners) for hill setting are purchased by the bundle and set upside down to get the new runners to be on the bog surface from the start. Another method of planting is to scatter vines on the surface and pressing them in by a power driven barrel with metal rings. Water may be put in the barrel to increase the depth of planting. Frost is controlled by sprinklers which may have the main lines and laterals on the bog or they may be raised. Many of the growers use an alarm system. The pump and house is often set over the narrow reservoirs which has a sufl^iciently rapid recharge rate so the bog can be sprinkled on successive nights. The strawberry root weevil has caused considerable damage in Oregon. The damage somewhat re- sembles that caused by grubs. In recent years many bogs have been treated with lindane to control this insect. Oregon has other insects but this one appeared to have done tlie grcates damage in recent years. Many of the weeds found in other sections are also found in Oregon Twenty 0^r^_j^^ii)''.., Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today mthout obligation. Sprlnklit Irrititlin Itittiillia NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES, 1.33 west lake st , peor.a 5, Twenty-three Carver POW Gets Big Homecoming Carver, (Mass.) greatest cran- berry growing town in the world, (2,916 acres) turned out in force the evening of Saturday, Sept. 19, to give official welcome home to its returning POW, "Ted" Good- reau, and other veterans of the Korean war. Cpl. Goodreau was held by the Chinese Communists for more than two years. At 4 p. m., Goodreau, his par- ents, Mr. and Mrs. Theodore H. Goodreau, the former being a bog worker at the Ellis D. Atwood property, his six brothers and sis- ters, Korean veterans and wfves, and banquet committee had a din- ner in Bridgewater. Returning at 5:30 a line of parade was formed in front of the Goodreau home at Eda Ave., Edaville. Leading were police, the Consolidated School Band in a truck, Goodreau and par- ents in an open car driven by Mrs. MECHANICAL PRUNING AND RAKING OF CRANBERRY BOGS The following questions are the ones most frequently asked by cranberry growers . . . How long does it take to cut an acre? One to two hours to cut . . . One hour to rake. How many uprights do these machines cut off? Less than any other method of pruning. How often do the knives have to be sharpened? We have operated knives over 100 hours without doing anything to them except washing them. Do the rakes do any damage to the bog? No ... if properly handled. These answers are basecj on three years of experience. If you are thinking of pruning your bog this Fall, get your orders in early, as the number of machines is limited. C. & L Equipment Co. Power Scythes Multi-Use Pullers Cranberry Vine Pruning Machines F. P. CRANDON 1191 Main St.. Acushnct Tel. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard St., Acushnet Tel. New Bedford 3-4332 Robert Bolduc of North Carver, others of the family in a second open car, followed by a long line of cars of other welcomers. The parade toured to route 58 to South Carver, to Center Carver, to North Carver and then to the Consolidated School. The parade arrived at 7:30 with the public seated in the auditorium. Then came the official entrance of "Ted," family and other Korean veterans. Gold Star Mothers, town officials and special guests. Official welcome followed, with music, speakers and the presenta- tion of gifts including a sum of money which had been raised by public subscription by a committee of which Earl Boardway was chair- man. Goodreau had volunteered for service June 13, 1950 when he was 17, just before Korean hostilities broke out. He was sent overseas Feb. 17, 1951. He was reported missing in action April 25th, 1951. Regarding his experience while prisoner, Goodreau said he'd rather not talk, except to say he was treated "pretty well, better than s lot of other fellows." "I lived through it, that's the main thing," he said. He was captured about 5 miles north of the 38th parallel about \r. the middle of the peninsula. There had been a road block, he said, and the Chinese "came at us too fast." As for the future, "Ted," has no definite plans. He will rest, stay with his family and "maybe pick a few cranberries." CRANBERRY FESTIVAL OREGON-WASHINGTON Late developments in the Ban- dan, Oregon cranberry harvest fes- tival have made it necessary to spread the celebration over three days instead of the previous two. New dates are October 15, 16, 17. The queen selection and corona- tion (seven contestants) is to be the first evening. The "Cranberry Fair" is scheduled for Friday and Saturday and a football game be- tween Coquille and Oregon is to be Friday evening at 8 o'clock. Festival parade will include the Queen and her Court, high school bands, commerical and organiza- Twenty-four tional floats, Individual entries, chil- dren's sections, veterans, etc. Final event will be the harvest ball on Saturday evening. Grayland Festival Grayland, Washington will crown a queen at the annual festi- val, Saturday night, Nov. 14. The event is sponsored by the local Lions Club. There will be a lunch, featuring cranbei-ry pie. Prizes will include an electric blanket, deep freeze and other items. Coronation will be followed by a dance. FOR SALE Searles vines free of weeds, State inspected. $175 a ton de- livered in Wisconsin in truck- load lots. §150 F. O. B., Hay- ward, Wis. Weighed sprinkled but not soaked in water. Run through cutter free if desired. Tony Jonjak Hayward, Wis. ELECTRICITY Is your good "friend" any month in the year. It is an especially valuable aid in Ocotber, when the daylight hours are shortening and you are busy with your screening and shipping. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 By TEAM WORK the members of the New Eng- land Sales Company, in conjunction with their affiliated companies, have developed the business of marketing cranberries — have reduced its risks and have gained advantages which NO INDIVIDUAL acting alone, could secure. Eatmor Cranberries New England Cranberry Sales Company (The Cranberry Cooperative) Telephone 200 9 Station Street, MiddEeboro, Mass. The benefits behind... ^^Membership in NCA If you are not a member of NCA, it might be well, now in the midst of another cran- berry season, to compare your advantages with those enjoyed by the 1800 cranberry growers who are members of NCA. . . ! 1. A market for 100',' of your crop, or whatever part ;; you contract to sell through NCA. 2. Immediate delivery of berries. No shrinkage. I! ■' 3. An expanding market to take care of increasing crops. Ocean Spray sales in the last 5 years have increased from 2,472,279 cases at the close of the fiscal year 1948 to 4,617,072 cases at the close of the fiscal year 1953, a gain of 8T/i . Membership in Ocean Spray's 1953-54 pool closed on October 1. If you are completely satisfied with your present affiliation, this message is not for you. But if NCA can offer you benefits you do not now enjoy, we will welcome you as a member in 1954. National Cranberry Association THE GROWERS' COOPERATIVE Hanson, Massachusetts (X) -ssaM '!}.sj;ai{uiY SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COO WW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON Thanksgiving Cranberry-Fed Turkeys of Quail Hollow, Sandwich, Mass. (CRANBERRIES Photo) 30 Cents NOVEMBER 1953 s Cranberry and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extention Cranberry Specialist A ten-day rainy period that oc- curred the last of October post- poned the completion of our record cranberry harvest. It now appears (November 3) that a few growers will be picking until about the mid- dle of this month. The "monsoon" left a substantial rainfall that was badly needed to replenish dimin- ishing water supplies. The frost warning service func- tioned smoothly this fall. A total of nine general warnings were re- leased compared with eighteen sent out last year during- the har- vest season. The inland bog opera- tors were alerted on twelve addi- tional nights during September and October. Damage from frost has been negligible. Before leaving this subject, the writer would like to commend George Rounsville for his splendid forecasting work. We are also indebted to Dr. Franklin for his valuable services as our frost consultant. It has been a long season for these men begin- ning about mid-August and ap- parently will continue well into November. Their m'any hours of service are deeply appreciated by the industry. A cranberry TV show is sched- uled for November 19 on Channel 4, WBZ, Boston, at 9:30 in the morning. Gilbert Beaton of the John J. Beaton Company, Mrs. Richard Beattie, and the writer will appear as guests on Joe Brown's "Down to Earth" program. We hope to bring the cranberry industry a little closer to Mrs. Consumer ana demonstrate some of the uses of our products, both fresh and processed. It is a pleasure to report that Dr. Bergman, who j-etired on October 1. is now enjoying his new quarters in the Dr. H. J. Franklin Room. Growers will remember that Dr. Franklin invited his associate of many years to share his new room with him and that the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association purchased a fine desk, chair, and filing cabinet for Dr. Bergman's use. He has recently been appoint- ed a collaborator for the United States Department of Agriculture. We are really fortunate to have these two men so closely associated with the Cranberry Station. Congratulations are in order for Alton Garland, Research Chemist of the National Cranberry Associ- ation, for his splendid cranberry exhibit that he arranged and set up at the recent Horticultural Show in Boston. This educational exhibit won two awards for its excellence. The staff at the Cran- berry Station assisted "Al" in col- lecting some of the material, in- cluding a separator that was in operation and attracted consider- able attention, a large section of bog, old and new scoops, various cranberry products, insects, di- sease and weed specimens, plus many other interesting items. Tnis was the first time that the cran- berry industry participated in this particular show and those connect- ed with it felt that the time was well spent. We have the following reminder on late fall management. New bogs should be flooded as soon as the ground begins to freeze, because frost in the soil will cause heaving of the newly set vines. Bearing- bogs are usually flooded about De- cember 1 or as soon as the bogs surface remains frozen all day. Dr. Franklin states in his Bulletin No. 447, Cranberry Growing in Massa- chusetts: "The water should be held just deep enough to cover the vines. It is often best to let the highest part stick out a little where the bog is much out of level. The surface water must be let off in times of thaws or heavy rains in winter or early spring. If this is neglected with vines frozen into the ice, the raising of the ice will pull them out of the ground." Pro- fessor Tomlinson, our new Entomol- ogist calls our attention to another point concerning the winter flood. He and Dr. Franklin have observed that a relatively new cranberry pest known as the mealybug has never been a problem on bogs that have been properly flooded for the winter. It has caused some damage on a few bogs that have not been regularly flooded and has been a serious problem on a few dry bogs on the lower Cape. Kenneth Faulkner, a young ex- change student from Australia, vis- ited the Station during the month. He owns and operates a large dairy farm near Sydney and is studying- dairy methods in our country. When asked who was tak- ing care of his herd, he told us that several of his neighbors had kindly offered to help by adding a few of his cattle to their own hei-ds and would look after them until he returns. They also assisted by rais- ing sufficient capital to send this promising young farmer to our country. Australia must be a very neighborly place in which to live. Mr. Faulkner apparently enjoyed his visit to the cranberry area. He told us he is very fond of our cran- berry products and hopes to take some of them home to Australia. We are still receiving glowing re- ports from the results of "'late water" and fungicidal treatments Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower H. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1 . Growers suplies of all kinds 2. Vinos for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Inter es ted purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. used to improve the general keep- ing quality of the crop. Unfor- tunately, the acreage was very lim- ited that received these treatments. Growers will remember that two keeping quality forecasts were re- leased last spring and early sum'- mer. They indicated that the gen- eral keeping quality would be only fair. Results to date would seem to substantiate the forecasts. They have been sent out under Dr. Frank- lin's supervision for five years and the results have demonstrated that they have been amazingly accurate. We hope more growers will serious- ly consider these forecasts when planning their spring work. Cranberry Insects Resistant to DDT By W. E. TOMLINSON, JR. Associate Research Professor Mass. Agricultural Experimental Station During the spring of 1953 fail- ures to control black-headed fire- worms and blunt-nosed leafhoppers with DDT were brought to our at- tention on a few bogs. Since most of these were following airplane or helicopter applications, it was felt that the application might be at fault rather than the DDT. Ground spray tests in the field and laboratory cage tests with blunt-nosed leafhoppers from one of these bogs were run which showed that the leafhoppers were definitely resistant to DDT. No such tests were run with black- headed fireworms, but field observa- tions indicate a similar DDT resist- ance is developing in a few in- stances with this pest also. A portion of a bog in Carver where the leafhopper count was in excess of 500 per 50 sweeps was divided into plots and thoroughly sprayed with 50 percent DDT wet- table powder at 2 pounds in 100 gallons, with 33 percent DDT emul. sion at l-Vs quarts per 100 gallons, 55 percent malathon emulsion at 1-% pints per 100 gallons, 25 per- cent malathon wettable powder at 2-1/2 pounds per 100 gallons, 25 percent methoxychlor emulsion at 2 quarts per 100 gallons, 50 per- cent perthane emulsion at 2 quarts per 100 gallons, and 25 percent TDE emulsion at 2 quarts per 100 gallons. Check sweeping 4 days after the sprays were applied revealed little if any reduction in leafhopper popu- lation in either of the DDT plots. Perfect control was obtained in the malathon, methoxychlor and perthane plots where no leafhoppers were collected in 50 sweeps. TDE reduced the population appreciably, but there were still 3 or 4 leaf- hoppers in 50 sweeps 4 days after the sprays were applied. As an additional test 50 leaf- hoppers were introduced into each of three battery jars in which cran- berry uprights were placed in moist sand. One such jar was left as a check with no treatment while the other two were sprayed with 50 percent DDT wettable powder, one at the rate of two pounds and the other at four pounds of DDT per 100 gallons. At the end of seven days both the check jar and the jar receiving two pounds of 50 percent DDT had 25 live leafhop- pers remaining while the jar that received four pounds still contained 14 live leafhoppers, which is no control for all intents and purposes. Fortunately, the resistance to DDT is not at all widespread at present. Most growers can still use DDT for leafhoppers and black- headed fireworms and expect the usual good control that they have had in the past. The organic phos- phates offer a substitute for con- trolling DDT resistance insects, but because of the extreme hazard associated with the use of most of them they should not be adopted without an appreciation of the haz- ards involved, nor applied without all of the necesary precautions. Malathon is an organic phosphate that is an exception in that the haz- ards are no greater than with DDT. However, it has produced a pre- mature vine and berry reddening on Early Blacks which at present has not been fully evaluated. Even though a methoxychlor spi'ay gave perfect control, 5 per- cent and 10 percent methoxychlor dusts failed to control resistant leafhoppers in two instances. Per- thane, which is a new material, was not tested further but from the re- sults obtained with our sprays, it warrants further testing another season. Three Brooded Black-Headed Fireworm By W. E. TOMLINSON, JR. Associate Research Professor Mass. Agricultural Experiment Station The black-headed fireworm, al- ways a bad actor in Massachusetts, was generally less troublesome than usual during 1953. However, the experience on one large Cape Cod bog this season was worse than is usually expected with this pest when it was not content with the usual two generations, but pro- duced a third generation of worms in early August. There were at least three generations on this same property the previous year also. Though two generations is the usual number per season as far as black-headed fireworm is concerned, three generations is not new as J. B. Smith reported this number back more than fifty years ago. This does not mean that the black-headed fireworm will gen- erally change its usual habits and become three-brooded throughout the cranberry area of Massachu- setts. It is probable that local weather conditions on the property in question were such during the past two seasons that three gen- erations were able to develop there. Such conditions may occur again soon or they may not again for several years to come. Increased Council Allocations Made Executive committee of the Craberry Growers' Council, meet- ing at NCA, Hanson, Mass. Octo- ber 9th made allocations of its berries as follows: Increases of the Eatmor crop from 275,000 barrels to 300,000; increase of National's allocation from 516,000 to 525,000. One o f^'"''"*'""'"'''^^^^^^^ ISSUF: of NOVEMBER, 1953— VOL. 7 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Waieham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FSELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS October Rain Helpful October rainfall came to the res- cue of the crop with a total of 5.73 inches. This should make for a good crop in 1954. September had an excellent sun- shine factor, a total of 272 hours, which is 45 more than normal. Still another favorable factor is that growers have had more money to work with than in some years past, and so a great deal of bog work has been done. About 600,000 barrels can be considered about a normal crop for this state. NEW JERSEY Weather A report on the weather at Pem- berton during the month of Octo- ber would be misleading without some account of more detailed sta- tistics. Actually the month was very dry and very mild, yet the total rainfall, 3.82 inches, is .36 more than normal, and the average temperature was 56.7°F., only .5° warmer than normal. The average daily maximum tem- perature was a very high 71.7°, the third highest for October ever reached at Peniberton. The extreme mildness is shown also by the fact that it was the first October in Pemberton's weather recording his- tory in which the maximum daily temperature did not go below 60°F. The very cold nights — there were 14 recordings of temperature below 40° and six nights of frost — lowered the monthly average temperature to about normal. From October 1 to 25 only .55 of an inch of rainfall occurred; .27 of an inch on the 25th and 3 inches Two on the 28th and 29th brought the monthly total to the above average total of 3.82 inches. From June through October New Jersey has suffered what is con- sidered a severe drought. Here at Pemberton the deficiency from the normal in the rainfall for this 5 month period has been 6 inches. The long spacing of rains rather than the insufi^iciency has been the main cause of crop damage in this area. Effect on Cranberry Crop Preliminary observations indi- cate that cranberries have not suf- fered much from the drought. The dry weather caused more berries to drop during scooping than are normally lost. This will reduce the harvested crop, especially since there is less gathering of floaters this fall than usual. Effect on Blueberries There is evidence that the dry weather has caused severe damage to blueberries, not only in the kill- ing and weakening of plants on light soils but also in the general reduction of the number of fruit buds set for next year's crop. This will complicate pruning and will probably cause somewhat more dif- ficult picking conditions in 1954, as well as reduction of crop. New Jersey Blueberry Open House The tentative program for this annual meeting of all New Jersey blueberry growers has been drawn up. On this occasion the Experi- ment Station reports to the indus- try on its work of the past year. Present plans indicate that Philip E. Marucci will speak on the com- mercial control of cherry fruit (Continued on Page 13) "package deals" This, the era of "package deals" has not found the insurance industry lacking. With one or two properly written policies, you can protect yourself from almost any con- ceivable loss. We have the experience and ability to tailor the coverage to suit your needs. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE I 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 NEW JERSEY MAN BUILDS BOG IN UNUSUAL MANNER AND HAS ACHIEVED SUCCESS The story of a New Jersey man who has a "green thumb" and is not afraid of work. By CLARENCE J. HALL This is the cranberry story of Archer Coddington of Tom's River, New Jersey — a man who has the "green thumb;'' and who, working with loving care, doing much of the labor himself, without too much working capital, now has a fine bog. It has high production, good berries and for the past seven years has never failed to make a profit for him. He started with solid woods, really far back in the woods, on land he "guessed" would make good cranberry property. He now has 20 acres, all in one piece. His first picking produced just under 900 barrels. Other crops have been 1500, 1600, and his top — so fai- — has been 2000. As a young man he had a fine winter flowing, but not enough for farming experience, since his father raised excellent garden truck. Archer helped out. In his early years for his father, he worked on raspberries, strawberries, canta- loup, beans, among other produce. At the age of 20 he left the farm, and farming, until he returned to agriculture as a cranberry grower. Supervisor of Clay Mine Co. For 28 years he was supervisor of the United Clay Mines Corpora- tion, which is partly in Berkley and Manchester township, with offices at Trenton. It was from United Clay that he purchased his property — having discovered it as good prospective cranberry bog area, while he was out prospecting for clay. This property, like United Clay, is in both Berkley and Man- chester township. He made the purchase, looking ahead to the time he would want semi-retirement. So, when he was about 50, in the winter of 1933 and 39 he began his project. Labor was easily obtainable then, as it was during depression yeai's. The bog site lies in a natural hol- low, surrounded by sandy shores and with slightly-rising uplands. Some of the bottom is of savannah and some of fairly deep mud. Water comes from Wrangle Brook, which flows through the bog. Fresh springs from the hill- sides form a stream which joins the main bog ditch, giving a secondary source of supply. This brook and stream provide enough water for frost protection. However, even though he is in a location, i-elatively frost "safe," he is now working toward putting in a sprinkler sys- tem, at least on some parts. Built in Unique Manner Actual building of the Codding- ton bog was in a manner truly unique. Of this work Coddington says, "I cut the bog site off and cleaned up every living thing and burned it all. Then I kept the bog flowed for two years. This killed off' all vegetation and also provided a splendid turf for the planting of vines." For his bog he wanted vines of quality. These he obtained from Dr. H. J. Franklin of Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station, they originating from Dr. Frank- lin's own bog in Middlesex County, Massachusetts. They are entirely Early Blacks. He planted without first spreading sand. Some years thereafter he has spread sand lightly. Meticulous Car* As the writer admired this origi- nality and method of bog building and planting, Mr. Coddington went on to tell of the meticulous care, constant weeding which he did. Incidently, the bog was not stumped. The trees were sawed oft" close to the ground and by now the vines are beginning, and, will in time, overcome these stumps. His grass is controlled with sol- vents. He has a spray rig, this hav- ing a boom, with 500 feet of hose. Eleven men are required for the operation of this. For insects he uses three sprays; the first is DDT and Zerlate the second Zerlate and LOOK— STUDY! THE 5 POINTS LISTED BELOW. They tell you why you can have confidence in us • Nationwide Distribution for Cape Cod Cranberries ® Aggressive sales planning and control • Efficient and economical operations • Simplified accounting — prompt payments • Cooperating with other agencies to correct present weaknesses of the cranberry industry. MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 17 Court Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 Three then DDT and Zerlate for the final one. Whenever a spraying oper- ation is in progress, Codding-ton works right along with his men. He is a believer in the necessity of an "insurance" of good pollina- tion. He keeps five hives of honey bees on the edge of the bog. For his harvesting he uses local labor, the men hand scooping. Fifteen to 25 pickers, when condi- tions are such that they can work right along, the whole 20 acres has been picked in 14 or 15 working days. One reason he can obtain good, local labor is because his ber- ries are usually heavy set and pretty. So he provides "good pick- ing" for his harvest crew, always picking by the bushel. His fruit is sent to National Cranberry Association. On his home place near Tom's River he has a cranberry house, 20x.30 feet, with a basement, where his bog equipment is kept. Success Formula In addition to keeping his bog in the best possible condition, he keeps his uplands well cleaned off. Not even rattlesnakes prevent Mr. Cod- dington from getting his work done. He estimates he has killed 16 on the uplands and in case he meets one of these vicious reptiles he al- ways carries a heavy stick when working along the shores. He has found no rattlers on the bog itself. It must be evident that Mr. Cod- dington is a very practical man. He is modest and unboastful in tell- ing of his cranberry theories and of what he has done and is doing. In 1952 he was president of the American Cranberry Growers' As- sociation. When asked to what he attribu- ted his success in cranberry grow- ing; "You have got to know what to do, and then you have got to see that it is done, when it should be done." Bandon Affair Biggest Yet Bandon, Oregon held its seventh annual Cranberry Festival October 15, 16 and 17 opening with an evening coronation ceremony when Barbara Wright, sponsored by the Four ARCHER CODDINGTON (Cranberries I'hoto) Bandon Woman's Civic Club, was crowned by Peggy Helme. Seven young women of the queen's con- test represented the various com- munities which make up the Ban- don and Northern Curry area. Special entertainments, a mam- outh parade, two football games, the Cranberry Fair and the wind- up Harvest Ball made up the three day program. For the first time all merchants and business houses decorated their windows in the festival spirit. Mrs. L. M. Kranick was chairman of the committee to arrange this feature. A special certificate of appreciation was issued each business house. Many dollars in prizes were pre- sented the lucky winners of the floats, costumes, pets and Fair contestants. Vol. 18 No. 7 ISSUE OF NOVEMBER 1953 \^ *;^H»LC««e£«r«<^H^ A YEAR OF ACHIEVEMENT THIS is a year that the cranberry industry has achieved a record crop of all times. The industry must face the fact that growers can and will consistently pro- duce more cranberries than even the top crops of recent years. There has been so much improvement in cranberry culture developed largely by our scientists that there is hardly a fear of insect damage. If growers will do, and can afford to do, as our scientist say, they are practically certain that their bogs will be insect free. Our frost warning systems are so very nearly accurate that there is hardly a fear of frost damage. Our merchandisers have taken most of the drudgery of selling off our hands. NOVEMBER NOVEMBER is the month of our holiday which is truly the most Amer- ican of all our holidays ; our Thanksgiving Day. It is a day in which we all pause from our duties and hark back to our early beginning. What a contrast there is in the way of life of the early settlers and in our proud American way of life. We have come a "far piece" as one of those sturdy men might have said. And yet are we so far advanced? True we have every modern gadget to make life com- fortable, but are we any nearer to the important secret of a happy and contented life than our forefathers were? They quickly adapted themselves to a wilderness. Are we adapting ourselves to the frantic strains of modern world-wide living or like the Dinosaur who couldn't adapt himself to changing conditions and became extinct doomed to extinction ourselves? CRANBERRY FLAVOR WE are equally fortunate that our prod- uct is unique, not in size, not in color, although the color is always a delight to the eye, but just because of that savoriness that is so palatable with almost any food. Cranberries taste good. Some call them sour but tart and tangy are more de- scriptive of their singular distinctive flavor. We drink the juice, we like them with meats or any main course at dinner, we combine them with all manner of fruits, cakes and ices for sweets, CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALI^Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin C. D. HAMMOND, Jr. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington — Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Those clever men and women who plan and execute our publicity programs tell us that the people who live in moderate, cool and cold climates eat more cranberries than those people whose homes are in warmer regions. This may in part be due to their natural traditional eating habits. We may be certain that when the time comes that every grocery store in each city and town located in the warmer parts of the globe carries merchandising displays of our fruit, and packs its counters with cans and cellophane packs, the people will respond. Cranberries have the same flavor in the South as in the North. It all boils down to the fact that people buy cranberries because they taste so good ! pive From Sea To Shining Sea (EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the last in- stallment continued from our October issue in which Dr. Chandler tells of Oregon bog practices, differing from those in the East and Wisconsin.) By F. B. CHANDLER We ferried from Astoria, Oregon across the Columbia River to Wash- ington and then drove to Long Beach arriving there about noon. 1 stopped at the Cranberry Blue- berry Station early in the afternoon and found Prof. Crowley on a near- by bog. The bogs in the Long Beach area are very flat and the uplands are not much higher than the bogs. The bogs usually have board or plank dikes which are used at harvest time when the bogs are flooded for water picking. Frost is controlled with sprinklers which are also used for irrigation. The bogs are built on peat which is usually not over eight feet deep. Most of the bog holdings in Ore- gon and in Washington are family sized operations which vary from 2 to 1.5 acres. However, Cranguyma at Long Beach is an exception, and I very much enjoyed seeing it with Dr. Clarke and Mr. Glenn as guides. This property is very large, con- taining about 100 acres of produc- ing bog, about 100 acres being pre- pared for cranberry culture and another hundred which can be put into cranberries. This property has ample reservoirs for its acreage. The bearing acreage at Cranguyma is all in one piece with five miles of standard gauge railroad so lo- cated in the bog that most of the work is done from it. Eleven hun- dred sprinkler heads are used to protect this bog from frost. The water comes from a lake on the property through a pump house which is capable of delivering about 6000 gallons per minute. Part of the fertilizer is applied through the sprinkling system. The mains of the sprinkling system also supply water for harvest. Cranguyma also has large plant- ings of raspberries, blueberries, strawberries and an exceptional collection of rhododendrons. In ad- dition, Cranguyma has its own pro- Si's cessing plant where new and deli- cious cranberry products are being developed. The USDA cranberry selections which are being grown in all sec- tions but Oregon, are planted at Cranguyma and have been under Dr. Clarke's care. It was very in- teresting to observe the selections under Pacific Coast conditions. Without exception, the selections which looked good at Long Beach were selections which had not done well on the East coast. A few of the selections which are being ob- served in Wisconsin are also doing well on the Pacific coast. Nearly all of the crop in Washington and Oregon comes from McFarlin vines which produce very well. Many of the growers expect to average 150 barrels per acre per year and some speak of crops which are over 200 barrels. With crops of this size it will be difficult to select a new variety which will yield more than McFarlin. Prof. Crowley has had a cran- berry breeding program for a num- ber of years and I was glad to be able to see the results of his work. He has crossed the lingenberry with the native blueberry, and has used Stankovitch (a West Coast variety) in some of his crosses. Besides these seedlings the Cran- berry-Blueberry Station at Long Beach has 4-5 acres of cranberries and a good sized blueberry planta- tion. Railroad tracks are not on all bogs in this section but there is one at the Station. Spraying is done from a stationary spray tank located in the pump house and the main spray line goes along the railroad tracks. I did not happen to observe any scale damage but Mr. Crowley said they have San Jose and Oyster Shell Scale more commonly than the Cranberry Scale. These are controlled with DDT at the time the insects migrate. The West coast has some other insects such as fire worm and fruit worm but so far their insect problems are consider- ably less than those on the east Coast or in Wisconsin. Most of the weed control is with thinner which has been used on the bogs in the Long Beach section for a longer time than any other section. MAKES TOUGH CUTTING EASY 28' Sickle bar ,«>_*, m cuts weeds, brush, grass — trims close to buildings and k^JCT:^ ^feiCJTSJCti^ trees. Climbs ^^*^^^^^E"^3i^' hills. sMs^^vSi'^^ LAWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW AnACHMENTS ^ " --"^ - o-V 20' Full Floating Reel 16' Rotary Snow Throv/er Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. im WAMDKOTON inJUR inn NIWTON «. MAIr CO. Cranberries show a growth re- sponse to nitrogen only and there- fore most of the fertilizer applied is ammonium sulfate. This is ap- plied to give 10, 20, or 40 lbs. of nitrogen per acre (about 50, 100 or 200 lbs. of ammonium sulfate per acre). Generally 20 lbs. of nitrogen per acre is used each year as the large amount has a ten- dency to prodce top runners. Some growers in Washington have also used superphosphate at the rate of 200-400 lbs. per acre and 100-200 lbs. of potassium sulfate (potas- sium chloride or murite of potash gives some burning). Railroad, plank dike and flume (for harvest only). The rails have a narrow cut through which a piece of metal is placed to con- tact the center tie and bolts to the plank to make a watertight dam for harvest. if. ' .. ■*«»lt Foreground, Charles Adams bog and reservoir. He and neighbor own sprayer together. Note track connecting the two 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. \\MimifuUl cnAVBERRIES DOING OUR SHARE TOWARD MOVING THE 1953 CROP BY- MORE ADVERTISING NEW AND AMPLE POINT OF SALE MATERIALS NEW AND IMPROVED PACKAGE DESIGNS MARKETING PROMOTIONS CONTRIBUTING OUR FULL SHARE TOWARD SPECIAL UMI DECEMBER CRANBERRY PROMOTION Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN After spending a little more than a day in Long Beach we went on to Grayland. In this section most of the original swamps were long and narrow. The owners have developed cranberry bogs across the original swamps so that they have long, narrow bogs of five acres or less. At the time these were built the income from a five acre bog would care for a family, but with a greater increase in the cost of living than in the increase in re- THANKSGIVING Harvests are in — This is a time for quiet joy and Thankfulness. ELECTRICITY has played its part well in your season's endeavors. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM — PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 3even .,*% ^■ »iA. -^ Siiiaj iiiduntinn' funiiiKinlj used iii tin diajland section. (All photos by Dr. F. B. Chandler) Dave Pryde't. bog m (lia.xbmd -.hdw lug- the lail- load located over the ditch. This bog has two water holes, one in the center and one on the far end. ONE-WAY LOW-LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls for both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. turns from cranberries it is moi-e difficult. All or nearly all bogs in the Grayland section have railroad track in the center of the holding and about half of the bogs are equipped with sprinklers. The only method of preventing frost damage is with sprinklers. This year the entire Pacific Coast experienced a very severe frost on May 31st which caused a great deal of dam- age in barrels. There was no dam- age on bogs where the sprinkling systems were operated but damage was 100 percent on bogs which had 110 sprinklers. Water is somewhat limited in this section but the water table is very near the surface and more sprinkling systems could be installed. The Grayland section harvests a large part of its crop with the vacuum picker. We stopped at the Vancouver and Puyallup field stations in Wash- ington and found that they were also interested in blueberry cul- ture. The Puyallup Station had a number of experiments and many varieties were being tested. After a short but enjoyable stop in Seattle we continued north and were fascinated with the beauty of Mt. Baker and the view from Bel- lingham over the Straits to the San Juan Islands with the mountains of Old Woi'ld Victoria in the dis- tance. The Peace Auch erected at the International Boundary Line is Eight very impressive with the inscrip- tion above the opened gates "May these gates never be closed." It is a delightful place to stop for Customs and the flower gardens are lovely. In Vancouver, British Columbia I learned that there are about twenty cranberry growers but the acreage is very small. I enjoyed a visit with Mr. Carncross at the Western Peat Company Bog which is only a nine acre bog at this time but there are 1000 acres which could be planted. The vines were set in peat and altho it has not yet been sanded, it is free from trash. The vine growth is good and it ap- pears to be a promising location for development. Problems of in- sects and frost have not been studied in this area. I might mention a few high- lights of our return trip — Grand Coulee Dam in Washington, a visit at Montana State College, twenty- four wonderful hours in Yellow- stone Park and a Rodeo at Cody, Wyoming. We will always remem- ber with reverence the Passion Play and the majesty of Mt. Rushmore where the likenesses of four great Americans are cut in solid granite. As a result of our trip we now have a much greater appreciation of America and the words "0 beautiful for spacious skies. For amber waves of grain, For purple mountain majesties Above the fruited plain" And we say as the author did "America, America, God shed His grace on thee And crown thy good with brother- hood From sea to shining sea!" P i Protects Cranguyma] Protectit Frost and Drought at Cranguyma Forms^ u "k N tf, '■°"9 ^e°<:^- Wash. Spreading out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correa and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today withotit obligation. Sprinkle! Inlgition jtssaclitlon NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES, 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, IlL. New bog in Oregon, center and numimdl ditches are planked with part of center ditch covered with plank. Bundles of I'unners which were not used are still on the edge of the reservoir. Nine DECAS BROTHERS STREAMLINE CRANBERRY BUSINESS WITH AUTOMATIC PACKAGING Bill Decas watches his Pack-0-Matic machine automatically close coveis and paste tightly cardboard shipping containers of cranberries, operating' at the rate of 150 caitons a mmute. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Announced last month was the purchase by Decas Brothers of Wareham, Mass., of the big cran- berry property at Lakeville of the late William S. Eaton, wealthy Bostonian. The cranberry property consists of 90-95 acres, screen- houses, an apple orchai-d with apple packing house a large manor house and several other houses. The bogs are about evenly di- vided between Early Blacks and Late Howes with a few odd vari- eties. The property is mostly in the Betty's Neck section of Lakeville. Mr. Eaton, who died in 1949, at the age of 94, left a personal property estimated at more than $1,000,000, he leaving half to charities. This purchase increases the cranberry acreage of the Decas Brothers Company to more than 200. The other bogs are in Roches- ter near Mary's Pond and in Mat- Ten tapoisett. Harvest for the total holdings this year totalled more than 16,000 barrels. Decas Bros., a family-controlled corporation, is comprised of "Bill" Decas, senior of the three brothers, "Charley" and "Nick." As well as being growers the Decas Brothers are distributors of Cape Cod cranber- ries, operating as independents. Their label is "Protection" brand. This year with their own production and that of others, they expect to distribute about 60,000 barrels. Operating a fresh fruit retail and wholesale produce business in Wareham for many, many years, they have acquired considerable real estate holdings and entered cranbeiries comparatively recent- ly, in 1935. Their progress within industry has been rapid since that time. Streamlined Screenhouse This Fall This fall they finished the re- modeling and installation of new streamlined equipment at their screenhouse at Mary's Pond. This building is now 108 feet in width with a depth of 126 feet. It has a processing capacity of about 600 barrels a day when in fastest operation. Arrangement within the interior is such that there is no "back- tracking," as the fruit progresses through; entering at the rear by trucks, the cranberries emerge at the front, packed and ready to be loaded on trucks to be hauled to market. Berries are first run through a battery of 8 Bailey separators, then hand screened in a well- lighted sorting room. From the (Continued on page 13) Sales Prices of the 1954 WESTERN PICKER Basic Established Price — $930.00 DIFFERENT SALES CONDITIONS ~~ If complete purchase price is paid before Jan. 1, 1954, subtract IS'/ of $93.00 or $139.50, making the price — $790.50 If complete purchase price is paid before Jan. 1, 1954, subtract 10"/ of $930.00, or $93.00, making the price — $837.00 (1) ] All cash 1. paid in advance (2) ] All cash on delivery (3) (4) If picker is ordered before Jan. 1, 1954 and $50 paid down and balance of $770 paid on delivery, price is — $820.00 If picker is ordered before May 1, 1954 and $300 paid down and $560 paid on delivery, the price is — $860.00 Cash to be paid after the next picking season NOTE— (5) (6) (7) If $50 is paid with order before Jan. 1, 1954, and $250 more on delivery, then the balance of $580 will be due on Dec. 1, 1954 making the total price — $880.00 If the picker is ordered before May, 1, 1954, and $300 paid with order, then the balance of $630 will be due on Dec. 1, 1954, making the total price — $930.00 If picker is purchased after May, 1, 1954, and $300 paid down, then the balance of $660 will be due on Dec. 1, 1954, making the total price — $960.00 (a) We give early discounts to help finance Construction of Pickers. (b) We also know more closely how many to build. (c) It is cheaper for a grower to borrow money at his bank, than it is for us to carry him. We gladly allow him the difference in a much larger cash discounnt for early orders. "Western Pickers Are Never Obsolete" Address Order to : — WESTERN PICKERS Inc. 1172 Hemlock Ave. Coos Bay, Oregon Eleven Our Cover Photo— Cranberry-Fed Turkeys Cranberries and turkey, especial- ly for Thanksgiving-, have tradi- tionally been combined. Now they are being- gotten together in a new way on Cape Cod, where Peter Place Cook of Quail Hollow, Sand- wich, is marketing "cranberry fed" turks. This is not expected to in- terfere to any disastrous extent with the cranberry sauce sale, or the year-round "chicken 'n cran- berry" campaign. Mr. Cook, who has been in the turkey business commercially for three years, now says he has been told, "turkeys don't seem to have the old fashioned flavor they used tc have." Being aware of the ex- cellent qualities of cranberries, and MECHANICAL PRUNING AND RAKING OF CRANBERRY BOGS The following questions are the ones most frequently- asked by cranberry growers . . . How long does it take to cut an acre? One to two hours to cut . . . One hour to rake. How many uprights do these machines cut off? Less than any other method' of pruning. How often do the knives have to be sharpened? We have operated knives over 100 hours without doing anything to them except washing them. Do the rakes do any damage to the bog? No ... if properly handled. These answers are based on three years of exppricncc. If you are thinking of pruning your bog this Fall, g-ot your orders in early, as the number of machines is limited. C. & L Equipment Co. Power Scythes Multi-Use Pullers Cranberry Vine Pruning Machines F. P. CRANDON 1191 Main St., Acushnet Tel. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard St., Acushnet TeL New Bedford 3-4332 having a few small run-down bogs on his property, still producing some fruit, he decided to mix the berries into the diet of the tur- keys. This he does, in the ration of 12 to 1, with their grain. He has already had a number of compli- ments from customers as to the flavor of these cranberry-eating creatures. At first, he found the turkeys re- luctant to touch cranberries, as he says they shy away from any new food offered them. Now they like cranberries. He imagines it more than likely that native wild turkeys ate the native wild cranberries, along with other foods, before either became cultivated. Mr. Cook raises broad breasted Hollands, which are a white turkey, about 1200 birds in all in 1935. Mr. and Mrs. Cook, the latter having an interest in the turkey business, too, own about 80 acres near Shavmie Lake, living in one of the finest examples of Colonial homes, about 12 rooms with numerous fireplaces, dating, in original building, from 1724 and having been remodelled and enlarged in the early years of the past century. It is as com- pletely furnished in the antique as can be, with little concession to modernity, most of the pieces hav- ing come from the family of one or the other. Mr. Cook who was formerly in the insurance business in Provi- dence, R. I., and served in World War II with the U. S. Naval forces, also keeps a few chickens, has ducks in a pond, a cow and a cou- ple of riding horses, and some dogs for hunting. The couple also specialize in growing rhododen- drons, azealias, laurel yew. The tur- keys they send out frozen, ready for the oven. The bogs, 5 or 6 scat- tered acres, are located at Upper Shawme Lake and were originally built by the late Fred Eldred, and were set to Early Blacks, Howes and Bugles. Mr. Cook expects eventually to rebuild and replant these, thus add cranberries to his interests, and has, in fact, already had a pump installed. ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES Twelve Fresh From the Fields (Continued from Page 2) worm and recent research finding's about blueberry maggot; Charles A. Doehlert, on adapting the fer- tilizer program to the drought con- ditions; Ernest G. Christ, on ad- justing pruning* methods to drought injury; Martin T. Hutchinson, on controlling cranberry fruit worm in blueberries, and Eugene H. Var- ney, on the control of mumy berry; William Boyd on the status of stunt disease in the State. Mr. Boyd is a member of the State De- partment of Agricuture. The final Open House program will be mailed to growers in the latter part of November. This meeting usually starts at 10 or 10:30 a. m., includes a luncheon at the place of the meeting, and con- tinues in the afternoon until about 3:30. It will be held at Fenwick Hall, Pemberton. Reservations for lunch (1.50) should be sent to the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory, Pemberton. WASHINGTON Harvesting Harvesting was nearly finished by the end of October. Except for the frosts of last spring Washing- ton would have had a much bigger crop. The State bog at Long Beach produced 750 barrels from five acres and sent entire crop to NCA. This is by no means the best crop on the Peninsula as several growers are doing better. One grower has averaged 160 barrels per acre on slightly over five acres for some years. J. D. Crowley predicts that Wash- ington is not very far from pro- ducing a hundred thousand barrel crop. When all growers have frost protection this figure will be at- tained. Rain was ample for the harvest and the rainy days were far enough apart so they did not interfere with the work. Grayland produced a satisfactory harvest as well as the Long Beach section. - Cranguyma Farms expects to harvest somewhere between nine and ten thousand barrels which will also go to NCA. OREGON ^ Weather Favorable weather conditions en- abled most growers to harvest their crops much earlier than last year. Rain dui-ing September and the first of October made water picking possible. October 21 brought the first frost of the season but not much damage reported. Mechanical Picking Three methods of mechanical picking are used this year. The Vacuum', Western and a water beater. Jack Dean is using a me- chanical elevator to pick up his water picked berries and then loads his pickup trucks. 10,000 at Coquille N. C. A. canning plant at Co- quille has been expanded to keep up with the increased production of the Bandon area. Mr. Hughes, manager at Coquille, reports 10,000 barrels of berries have been re- ceived this year as compared to 4,000 last year by October 22. Bryant Confident Of Good Returns Fresh cranberry distributors ap- parently welcome the record pro- duction of this year, aff'ording plen- ty of the fruit, according to Har- old E. Bryant, general manager of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., New Bed. ford. This conclusion is reached by sales staff members of the co-op, who have been "on the road," making contacts with Eatmor out- lets recently. Mr. Bryant further says this assurance from the trade, coupled with an increased demand for the 1953 new merchandising program should lead to good grow- er returns. Decas (Continued from Page 10) sorting room fruit is conveyed to the packaging room, which is on a lower level, the berries dropping in- to hoppers for bagging by four "Speedies," each capable of filling and weighing 36 packages (cello- phane bags or window boxes) a minute, usual run, although top speed is 48. Contamefs are sealed by Dough- boys, then roller conveyed to a "Packomatic,"' which closes and pastes tight cardboard shipping con- tainers, working automatically at the rate of 150 cartons a minute. These containers then go to the shipping room and are ready for distribution. Price Advance Cranberry mai'kets advanced Oct. 27 following an opening price of $5.25 — $5.40 per case for eastern and Wisconsin Late Howes. Eatmor General Manager, Har- old E. Bryant I'eported that despite unseasonably hot weather during Freeze Fresh Cranberries Week, one-third of the estimated fresh fruit tonnage has already been sold placing the market in a sound po- sition for balance of the season. Retail sales, he said, have been most encouraging for this stage of the season and consumer en- tries in the Name the Cranberry Girl contest are beginning to pour in, indicating an active demand and rapid movement for the im- portant Thanksgiving marketing period ahead. At least 50 percent of supplies available as fresh fruit are normally sold in NovenTber. The opening Eatmor F. 0. B. price of §5.25 for eastern Late Howes and S5.40 for Wisconsin Late Howes is a dollar a case be- low last year and designed to allow a retail price that will promote volume sales of the increased sup- plies of fresh cranberries avail- able this season. Early Blacks are now in limited supply but prices for remaining stocks are being held at $5.40 per case. Wisconsin Searles are quoted on an F. 0. B. basis of S4.65 and Wisconsin Mc- Farlins at $4.75 per case. Almost invariably — wherever you choose to live — you'll find water underground. You may have to drill several hundred feet deep to get it, or there may be plenty of flow just below the surface. A good well driller can guess pretty accurately the height of the water table (underground water level), and thus your chances for an ade- quate water supply. Thirteen DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. - INC. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R BOX COMPANY, inc. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones— Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding FOR SALE Quarter Barrel Cranberry Shipping Boxes FRANK H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. FOR SALE THREE LARGE CRANBERRY PROPERTIES All with reservoirs Two of them have Blueberry Fields Ago, reason for selling F. EARL HAINES Medford, New Jersey FOR SALE 300 NEW CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES (HAND NAILED) SUNSET MEADOWS Cranberry Co. Hill St. & Rte. 44 Ravnham, Mass. ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Pilember of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Hanson Open House The Cranberry Canning Plant on Route 27 in Hanson held a public Open House on Saturday after- noon, October .31, from 12:30 p. m., to 5:30 p. m. Guides took guests along the same route that the ber- ries go from the time they are de- livered from the bogs until they are ready to be shipped to dinner throughout the country. Modernized equipment has re- cently been installed at the Hanson Factory and one of many innova- tions of interest to visitors is a glass pipe, 3300 feet long, which carries the berries from the wash tank to the stainless steel cooking kettles. When the cook is ready to make a new batch of sauce, he gives the signal, and in 1% minutes 600 pounds of cranberries are swished through the pipe, drained and drop- ped into the waiting kettle. For that brief time, the swimming ber- ries change the pipe to cranberry glass. Canning operations were going full speed, Saturday, preparing cranberry sauce for the nation. The Hanson Plant's daily pack is about i»,000 cases. Some of our laziest people are never idle when it comes to side- stepping obligations. DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Milt St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR 6-6100. 5-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD South Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood INSECTICIDES CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York • • • "cranberries" was the original and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. • • • Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. SERVICES BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. FOR SALE Wooden Cranberry Dryers, Crates, Scoops and Rakes South Paris, Maine Write M. F. FLETCHER 1134 So. Thomas St. Arlington, Va. Fifteen SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices : Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown ViiKyard Haven Hall & Cole Established 184S Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES Expert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. EQUIPMENT The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS PUMPS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SEPARATORS - AND CONVEYORS Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI IWAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES Sixteen NATION'S FERTILIZER USE IS UP IN 1952 Use of fertilizer in the United States increased by 6.9 percent in 1952 over 1951, says National Fer- tilizer Review. Fertilizer bounced to a record high of 20, 119,039 tons in '52. Commercial sales accounted for the lion's share— 20,036,122 tons, while direct government distribu- tion totalled 82,917 tons. FOR SALE Scarles vines free cf weeds, State inspected. $175 a ton de- livered in Wisconsin in truck- load lots. §150 F. O. B., Ilay- ward, Wis. Weigh3d sprinkled but not soaked in water. Run through cuit3r frc3 if desired. Tony Jonjak Hayward, Wis. International 11 Harvester PUMPS and POWER UNITS CROP SAVER IRRIGATION INTERNATIONAL TRACTORS Now is the time to schedule Winter repairs and overhaul. We offer complete shop service. FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 The members of the New England Cranberry Sales Company have through the years directed their entire strength towards STABILIZING the business of packing, shipping and selling of Cranberries. The industry needs this support but it also needs the support and cooperation of many more cranberry interests if growers are to be successful in future years. Eatmor Cranberries New England Cranberry Sales Company (The Cranberry Cooperative) Telephone 200 9 Station Street, Middleboro, Mass. Amherst, J*.ss. (x) COOPERATION NEEDED! Fresh cranberries do not have to be given away to produce sales. They can be effectively merchan- dised at retail stores to give you increased sales and larger returns at a stable market price. Operation Sellmor was geared to do this impor- tant selling job for you. Through the "Name the Cranberry Girl Contest" it provides the extra incen- tive for consumers to buy. Through our national display contest it awakens the interest of the entire trade in setting up effective displays. However, Eatmor has only 60 percent of the fresh fruit tonnage. It will take a united approach by the entire industry to prevent a price break for fresh cranberries and allow this program to produce maximum returns for you. Harold E. Bryant EATMOR CRANBERRIES, Inc. EATMOR CRANBERRIES, Inc. The only nationally advertised name in fresh cranberries. 5 South Sixth Street New Bedford, Mass. SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY '^m iini iiiiiiiiiiiiiiu \ CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON **:^U ^*> :0» ^•^L,,.:*' «•,.: «* ms- ,%. %'"■#■ ".MERRY CHRISTMAS!" .May your Blessings be as many as the Cranberries pouring from this Cornucopia. (See inside cover) 30 Cents DECEMBER 1953 OUR COVER This photograph was provided by Chambers & Wiswell, Boston, advertising- firm, handling the ac- count of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. It lent itself so attractively for a Christmas Greeting to cranberry growers that we adapted it to our cover. A friend in need is not neces- sarily a friend when not in need. Rolling Control For Wire Crass? Vernon Goldsworthy, widely known grower of Wisconsin, has been carrying out some weed con- trol with reference to vdre grass, the control consisting of rolling with a heavy roller. This work was done this fall, and it looks so prom- ising to "Goldy" that he has re- -^^7^^- For now.. .for always... may the joys of this Holiday Season surround you and yours, and may you dwell amid the blessings of peace, health goodwill and happiness . . . C. & L Equipment Co. F. P. CRANDON 1191 Main St., Acushnct Tel. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard St., Acushnet Tel. New Bedford 3-4332 quested the College of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin at Madi son, to have a qualified persoi check over the results. After his experiments he noted that anywhere the roller passed the grass was bent over, and it seemed to be dying at the point at which it was bent, and the area turned brown and was apparently dead. In his request to the College of Agriculture, Goldsworthy included a query to see if there was any detrimental effect on the fruit bud for next year's crop. He has cut several hundred buds and found no apparent damage. He is also interested in, and in- cluded in his request to the State, to check into what he believes is an undue amount of bud damage in general in Wisconsin this fall. On some marshes which he has had a chance to observe and make checks by actually cutting the buds, he has found this injury runs al- most 50 percent. State foundation seed representa- tives are designated by State ex- periment stations to contact with growers for seed production and handle other foundation seed pro- ject details. Tourists are people who travel thousands of miles to get a Kodak pictures of themselves standing by the car. May y o u r tree shine with all the delights of Yule- tide. May you find the gifts be- neath t o satisfy your heart's de- sire. Merry Christmas! R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR 6-6100, B-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVELLE RAILROAD South Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood INSECTICIDES CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters ^®2 Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York "cranberries" was the original and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. • • Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. SERVICES PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Season's Greetings from CRANBERRIES One SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Cape & Vineyard BRIGGS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, Bridgeton - Tuckahoe Electric Company LAWSON and HERCULES New Jersey Offices: ENGINES Expert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Apples Engine Driven Generators Cranberries Peaches Chatham Falmouch Hyannis For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers Provincetown and Tractors Serviced GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Vin(yard Haven Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS Hall & Cole Wareham Savings Bank Established 184S Incorporated and EQUIPMENT Commission Merchants and Jobbers Falmouth Branch HAYDEN SEPARATOR 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 Welcome Savings Accounts WAREHAM MASS BOSTON, MASS. Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PUMPS APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES PHONE WAREHAM 82 SPRINKLER FALMOUTH 80 IRRIGATION Car Lot Receivers DARLINGTON The National Be Conveniently locat< mk of Wareham kI for Cranberry mea PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in Fl FTTRirAI WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Funds always avai lable for sound loans Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI Complete B{ inking Service ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES Member Federdtl D Bpoait 'DBurance Corp. DIRECTORY FOR CRANBliRRY GROWERS WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. - INC. - Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R SHARON BOX COMPANY, Inc. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones— Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding FOR SALE Quarter Barrel Cranberry Shipping Boxes FRANK H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. NEW NCA FREEZER National Cranberry Association is to build a new 50,000-barrel freezer on route 28, to the east of the Onset (Mass.) canning plant. The new unit will cost about $200,- 000, and will be approximately 110 feet square. This will be the 9th freezer to be owned by the co-op, others be- ing at Centralia, Markham and Long Beach, all in Washington; Coquille, Oregon; Bordentown, New Jersey; North Chicago, Illin- ois; Hanson and Chatham, Mass. Mr. Urann estimated that, as of last month, there was a total of 296,587 barrels in 29 freezers. He has estimated the cost of carrying berries in co-op-owned freezers is about $1.15 a barrel a year, while to carry berries in rented space amounts to $2.70. He, therefore, estimates a saving of $1.55 a bar- rel in a 12-month period and on a 200,000 barrel hold-over it would mean a saving of $310,000 a year. The new Onset plant will be cap- able of quick-freezing about 1,000 barrels a day during the harvest season. About a dozen men will be employed. The building is to be constructed by John W. Rhodes and Son of Wareham, Harry Rhodes, the son, being a cranberry grower. Some of the building material has already arrived, and construction will start as soon as the necessary steel and other items come. Com- pletion of the plant is expected in time for the 1954 crop. A factor in the selection of the Onset loca- tion, rather than Hanson, is an advantage in tax rate. REALLY RAINY ON LONG BEACH PENINSULA The Long Beach Peninsula in Washington experienced one of its wettest Novembers in years. Rain fell every day except the 2nd, 3rd and 8th up to the 27th. For the first 24 days of the 30 precipitation totalled 11.67 inches. ■n .0^ With Yuletide approaching, we'd like to wish our friends the merriest Christmas ever, filled with life's blessings. CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 »■,■» ■■■■■ Mtl"!" ■ ^"^ ■■ ■" Jhree Mass= Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extenfion Cranberry Specialist The weather pattern for Novem- ber more nearly resembled that of October. We enjoyed fourteen consecutive days without rain and temperatures averaged over four degrees per day above normal. Rainfall was confined to the first and last weeks of the month and totalled 6.79 inches — also well above normal. Weather conditions have favored the development of another good crop. Incidentally, Dr. Franklin believes there is an excellent possibility of enjoying another relatively mild winter. Advisory Committee Meets The Massachusetts Cranberry Advisory Committee met at the Cranberry Experiment Station De- cember 3 to assist the Extension service in preparing an educational program for 1954. There was a fine representation from the Cran- berry Clubs, Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association, Marketing- Agencies, Cranberry Growers Mu- tual, County Advisory Committees, County Agricultural Agents, Uni- versity of Massachusetts, and the Cranberry Station. A major por- tion of the meeting was devoted to the problems of raising high quality fruit and improving the quality of our pack, both fresh and processed. The suggestions and advice of this committee are most helpful and are sincerely ap- preciated. The following members were present: Frank Butler, Emil St. Jacques, Russell Makepeace, Fred Bailey, Arthur Handy, Asahel Drake, Ralph Thacher, Arnold Lane, Frank Crandon, E. L. Barth- olomew, Ferris Waite, Homer Gibbs, Chester Robbins, Howard Hiller, H. Sidney Vaughan, Fred E. Cole, Herbert Stapleton, Dominic Marini, Oscar Johnson, Harold Woodward, Dr.| Chester Cross, Joseph Kelley, Dr. H. J. Franklin, Dr. F. B. Chandler and the writer. Oscar Johnson has returned from military service in Korea and has resumed his duties as Associate County Agent in Barnstable County under the capable leadership of Bert Tomlinson. Oscar has been as- signed the cranberry project for his county and will carry on the excellent work of his military re- placement, Arnold "Red" Lane, who is now employed by the National Cranberry Association. We wish Oscar Johnson and "Red" Lane success in their new work. To Plan Winter Meetings County Agents "Dom" Marini and Oscar Johnson will be holding their County Advisory meetings this month and will be preparing their educational programs for the coming year. These programs will include an interesting series of winter club meetings that groweis will want to attend. The Cranberry TV Show origi- nally scheduled for November 19 was postponed until Thursday, December 17. It will be shown on Joe Brown's "Down to Earth" pro- gram, Channel 4, WBZ, Boston, at 9:30 in the morning. Joe's guests will be Mr. Gilbert Beaton, of the J. J. Beaton Company, and Mr. and Mrs. Richard Beattie. Shortages Supplies, Equipment The latest information available indicates there will be no critical shortages of agricultural supplies and equipment. It is, however, sound business to estimate normal requirements and place orders early. This is particularly true for those interested in purchasing new equipment. Benson Breakfast On November 20, a fine dele- gation of cranboi'ry people attended a special Breakfast Meeting of the New England Council held at the Hotel Statler, Boston. The menu featured the major agricultural products grown in the New England States. Growers will be pleased to know that cranberry juice was served at each table and their in- dustry was given special mention in the program. The purpose of this meeting was to hear an ad- dress by the Secretary of Agricul- ture, Ezra T. Benson. Secretary Benson outlined the major agricul- tural problems facing the nation today and discussed some of the measures needed to correct or re- lieve these problems. His forth- rightness and keen understanding of the situation won him a host of new friends. The agricultural in- terests of this country are fortunate to have a man of his experiences, integrity and moral standards in charge of this important branch of our economy. December Wet — Warm December was following the weather pattern of November, wetter and warmer than the norm. To the 10, precipitation was 2.59 inches. State Bog. Temperature excess was 163 degrees, or nearly 11 per day, bringing the year's plus to 921. Consolidation Conference A meeting of the special commit- tees representing National Cran- berry Association and Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., at Onset NCA plant Dec. 9th concerning consoli- dation of the two co-ops, resulted in a decision that such a merger, or "unification" was still desirable, but was not feasible at this time. It was agreed that a consolida- tion might result in loss of some membership for the combination to one organization. An immediate practical solution was that a three- year contract be entered into be- tween the fresh and processing co-ops, whereby Eatmor would provide from 30 to 50 percent of its production to National for pro- cessing. This contract would replace the Cranberry Growers' Council which has been making the allocations previously. Plans will now be pre- sented to both co-ops for approval. (A more complete story on the proposed consolidation starts on page 11.) Fowr ^,^T\ONAL CRANBERRY ^Aq^G^ ISSUE OF DECEMBER. 1953— VOL. 18 NO. EntJ<.rf''=°,''tl„1i;H"'!'''' '^ 1^^ Courier Print Shop. Main St.. Waieham. Massachusetts. Subscription. J3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26. 1943, at the post-ofTice at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J. H. MASSACHUSETTS '54 Crop Prospect Good November was a wanner and wetter month than normal — by far. According to Dr. C. E. Cross, di- rector Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station, East Ware- ham, this gives the present outlook for 1954 crop as a good one in size, but possibly rather poorer in quali- ty. The bud is good and improve- ments by growers are showing up. "Massachusetts bogs look good." November rainfall is an important factor in the production of the following year and also tempera- ture. Both were above, but sun- shine factor was deficient. How- ever, October had a high sunshine ratio and adequate rainfall. Sep- tember was warmer than normal, although deficient in rain. November Rainfall 6.79 Inche s Rainfall for the month brought a total precipitation of 6.79 inches, much of this falling in two heavy storms, on the 23rd, 2.21 inches, and the 25th, 1.92 inches. These rains filled up streams, ponds and reservoirs, and growers in many instances had to hasten to pull planks, especially in the gale-like storm of the 25th to prevent dike washout. November average East Wareham is 3.84 inches. This has been exceeded only three times since 1887, 8.02 in 1898, 8.49 in 1944 and 9.19 in 1945. There is apparently ample water for winter flooding. Some growers with new vines kept the water on, or began flowing by late Novem- ber, although the ground had not remained frozen for an entire day, and, in fact had not frozen at all. (Rainfall for the year to Nov. 30th at Boston was plus 17.34 inches.) Temperatures High Temperatures for the month ran 4.2 degrees a day above normal, for a total of 128 plus for the 30 days, making the excess degrees from January 1st 823. The first half of November was colder than normal by 16 degrees to the fif- teenth, but then followed true "Ind- ian Summer." Days were soft, hazy, beautifull — practically shirtsleeve weather. The 17th brought a max- imum of 64 in the shelter at State Bog, the 19th 67, the same on the 24th and there was a 57 and a 62. Unofl'icial readings by un- sheltered thermometers were in the 70's. Coldest day of November was the 29th with 24. Harvset Ended Mid-November Harvesting in a few instances lingered long into November with some still picking by about the 15th. A good deal of fall work was got- ten in. Majority of bogs will be winter-covered in December, as soon as the ground freezes. Some will hold off^ flooding unless the weather turns unduly severe. Personals Dr. Cross of the Cranberry Ex- periment Station, unit of University of Massachusetts, has joined a re- cently-formed Cape Cod Chapter of the alumni of that university. Dr. F. B. Chandler and family have moved from East Wareham to Marion. "Bill" Tomlinson, entomologist at the East Wareham Station, at- tended the New Jersey "Blueberry Open House," Pemberton, Dec. 3. WISCONSIN Little Precipitation Precipitation for the past two months has been practically nil, and the water situation, as No- vember was ending, was becoming rather critical. Some Bud Injury Bud injury has been caused by extreme warm weather and then extreme cold and has been rather serious in some areas. However, several weeks of the summer-like temperatures has enabled growers to accomplish quite a bit of work, such as cleaning ditches, combing marshes, etc. Record Crop It has become very apparent that Wisconsin has harvested it's largest crop in history. Even so, there seems to be some question that the latest USD A report of 290,000 will be reached. Barrelage shipped, in the opinion of "Del" Hammond of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company, is that the actual figure will be 260 to 275 thousand, probably closer to the latter quan- tity. Deaths Deaths of old - time cranberry growers of the State recently have been those of Mrs. J. J. Emmerick, Cranmoor, who was a charter member of Wisconsin Cranberry Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B, S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1. Growers suplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. five Sales Company, and C. L. Jepson, City Point, who was one of the longer-time members of the Sales Co. WASHINGTON 75,000 Barrels Harvest was completed by about the 20th, and it is believed the to- tal will be 75,000 bbls. in the final tally. A few growers shipped fresh, the vast bulk, however, going to processing. The previous high in Washington was 57,000 in 1951. The crop in '52 was cut an esti- mated 30,000 because of drought. The increase of this year involves no increase in acreage. Many Averaged Over 200 to Acre Many bogs averaged more than 200 barrels to the acre. Bearing acreage at Cranguyma averaged 150. Carl Brateng produced more than 800 barrels on five acres. 100,000 if all Bogs Have Sprinklers D. J. Crowley continues to point out that if all the Washington acreage was under sprinklers, the annual production would be close to 100,000 barrels. Almost one quarter of the Grayland crop was without this protection and was almost entirely frosted out last spring. More than 20 Grayland growers have ordered sprinklers for 1954, so the losses from frost will soon be a minor factor in State production. Station Production 752 Bbls. Production at the Experiment Station Bog at Long Beach this year was 752 barrels from 5 acres. It was turned into NCA. It was not the best crop on the Peninsula, as several growers did better per acre. Parrish Bogs Not Harvested The former Parrish bogs were not harvested this fall because it was not thought worth while to do so. Sprinklers were not oper- ated on the place so the Spring frosts took the entire potential. This is the largest individual cranberry property in Washington. It now belongs to Cranguyma and will undoubtedly be brought back. Personal Dr. and Mrs. D. J. Crowley this fall made a brief visit to Wiscon- sin, then went on to Detroit, where Mr. Crowley bought a new car. In Wisconsin the Crowleys visited Mr. and Mrs. Henry Bain at Wis- consin Rapids. Mrs. Crowley and Mrs. Bain had not seen each other since 1926, although they had main- tained correspondence. Mr. Crow- ley accompanied Mr. Bain on a tour of the marshes and was much impressed by their fine appearance. (Continued on Page 19) To all you Cranberry Folks we extend Sincere Best Wishes for HAPPY HOLIDAYS Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 Western Pickers, Inc. Save $139.50 by ordering your Western Picker before January 1, 1954. We now have three plans whereby you can get your new 1954 Western Picker under a plan of financing best suited to your circumstances : First — You can save $139.50 by paying for your Western Picker before Jan- uary 1st , or Second — You can save $90.00 by paying only $50.00 down and paying the balance on delivery, or Third — You can save $40.00 by paying only $50.00 down and paying $250.00 on delivery, and making the last payment after your next years crop is picked. Surely one of these meth- ods is just suited to your needs — and in two years or less your picker has been paid for in savings in picking costs alone — not to mention the other worries about get- ting pickers at the right time, cleaning up your bog. etc., etc. Order now so your West- ern Picker can be used for Spring Training of your vines. "WESTERN PICKERS ARE NEVER OBSOLETE" Address order to Western Pickers, Inc. 1172 Hemlock Ave. Coos Bay, Oregon ?!>? Aided by Irrigation Cape Grower Gets Big Crops On Former Dry Bogs By CLARENCE J. HALL Scores of good individual pro- duction were achieved this past Fall, or we wouldn't be having the super-record production which we have. Harvests of 200 barrels an acre and more were not uncommon on the West Coast, Wisconsin ac- hieved some big crops and so did Massachusetts and New Jersey. One of the better Massachusetts' harvests was brought about on Cape Cod proper by Onni Niemi of 655 Main Street, Hyannis, whose bog is on the Barnstable-Centerville road at Centerville. He grew 473 barrels on three and one-half acres. He attributes this, and his crop of 1952 of 320 barrels mainly to sprinkler irrigation and frost pro- tection. "I couldn't have done any- thing on my bog without sprink- lers," he avers. Of this there can be little question for this is one of the "old-fashioned" Cape "dry" bogs, which formerly had scarcely a satisfacotry winter flowage, let a- lone any water for drougth irri- gation or frost control. It has a muck and sand bottom. Niemi expects to continue to ob- tain satisfactory production, and would have gotten more fruit this year, if all of his property of four and one half acres, some of which he did not pick had had sprinklers. He is rebuilding and has a little more than a third of an acre ready for planting. Almost No Crop Before Sprinklers It is his intention to enlarge his sump hole, providing additional water, and he will then install more portable pipe and sprinkler heads. "Before I put in my system I was getting practically no crops. I would only get, say, 75 barrels at the most." During the long, intensively-dry spell of early last Summer he ir- rigated every other day. He turn- ed his sprinklers on late in the afternoon. This was not because he felt it would be harmful to sprinkle dui'ing the heat of the day Onni Niemi smiles happily beside his pumphouse. (Cranberries photo) and with sun shining, but because his water source is none too plen- tiful. So he waited until sundown, when he felt there would be less water lost in evaporation, and then kept the water going until 9 or 9.30. Excellent Frost control He has had excellent luck in sprinkler frost control, but has found it necessary to try this only in the Fall, so far. With no water to waste, he delays starting up un- til the temperature falls to 30, or until he is certain there is going to be a frost that night. He has no exact degree set down as the starting point, this depending upon the date and how far his berries have advanced. But, once convinced the danger point is approaching, he turns on the sprinklers for twenty minutes, then cuts them off for 20 minutes, and so on through the night. It has been his practice to have the sprinklers "knock off" the ice be- fore a warming sun gets into ac- tion. This is the theory and prac- tice of frost sprinkling in the state Seven *jmim*miA*i-'ii^m»'-->f«'''»m«ifimm , ■ Sv^i^i^r**^ rhis shows the sump of Mr. Niemi with end stoned up to prevent wash. (CRANBERRIES Photo) of Washington, where the idea of sprinkler frost control was first de- veloped. However, as an experiment, he has cut off one of his sprinkler heads and left the ice on the area that head covered. He says he could observe no difference in the condition of the fruit where he had de-iced and that which he had not. Bought in 1939 Niemi bought his bog in 1939, the old propei'ty, 3 acres, formerly owned by Mrs. Mary Tierny. Then he began to improve and to enlarge. Several years ago he had a test hole dug by the side of the bog for a water supply for sprinklers. He found water at a table 12 feet be- low bog level. A portion of this sump he stoned up to prevent wash in. He built a pump house, installed a Chrysler Army-Navy surplus pump, laid out five inch mains and three and four inch laterals of both aluminum and steel pipe. He put out 25 Rain Bird sprinklers heads — and was I'eady to fight dry spells and frosts. This was completed two years ago. Weeded and Used Fertilizer Of course the use of sprinklers at the proper times is not the only reason he got his good production. Constant weeding played its share. "I am always at the weeds." he says. A glance at his remarkably clean bog proves this to be true. Then he took care of insects; the only one which troubled him to any extent being fruitworm and to con- trol this he used Rotenone. His weeding was by hand, except for use of some kerosene. Next year he expects to use more. His berries are all Early Blacks and as a member of NCA he gives that co-op his entire crop. He fer- tilized with cranberry fertilizer 7-7-7. He also applied NuGreen from his sprinklers with irrigation water. In harvesting last Fall he snap- ped the new vines, scooped some of the older parts and machine picked the main portion. Unconventional Bog Building Niemi is a grower of plants by nature— he has been, and still is a landscape gardner. In enlarging his bog he used a method some- what different from the conven- tional. Realizing there was addit- ional bog soil around the original piece, he simply bulldozed back the shores, at certain points, in general simply enlarging the original con- tour. Then he spread back the top soil. He dug marginal ditches, sanded and set vines. Old parts to be rebuilt were scalped. This winter Niemi is going to try out the Jalopie method of sanding, he has his old truck ready. He will run oiit on planks at times, and he will also try driving the Jalopie directly on the vines and study how much, if any, damage he is doing. Niemi is in the plowing, tilling, grading, sand and gravel business and has worked on many Cape es- tates. That he likes to grow things is evident from the fact he has planted a 1,000 or more trees of Norway spruce, pine and arborvitae near his bog. Some of these he will keep and others he will sell. In the past, cranberry growing has not been his main interest, but he expects it to become of more im- portance to him as he increases his bog size and gets it entirely im- proved and covered with sprinklers. Niemi was boi'n in south Carver, Mass., where his father was a bog worker. He attended schools in South Middleboro and then when his family moved to Barnstable, Barnstable High. He is 38 and married. He attends meetings of the Cape cranberry clubs, where he has picked up many ideas and of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. Eight Pre-Thanksgiving dinner shows the family of J. Richard Beattie, at their home being photo- graphed for a TV program. Group besides Mr. Beattie, carving, is Mrs. Lillian Beattie and children, Paul and Nancy. (Photo Hudson Studio, Brockton) ''Dick" Beattie One of Most TV'd In Cranberries J. Richard Beattie of East Ware- ham, State Cranberry Specialist at the Cranberry Station, is one of the most televised persons in the in- dustry. He has made a number of appearances before the camera. On Dec. 17 at 9:30 he will be shown on WBZ-TV, Boston, chan- nel 4, on the weekly program of Plynrouth County Agent Joe T. Brown, called "Down to Earth." This will be a program devoted solely to demonstrating the uses of cranberries. Brown is the M. C. and his "guests," besides Mr. Beattie, will be Mrs. Lillian Beattie, who has had training in food prepara- tion, and Gilbert T. Beaton of the J. J. Beaton Co., Wareham, secre- tary of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. Beattie, with Mrs. Beattie and children, Paul and Nancy, enjoyed a turkey and cranberry sauce din- ner in their home. This was for the benefit of television when Na- tional Association of Manufactur- ers made a movie of the cranberry industry. The film shows the cranberry harvest, the canning process at Ocean Spray's Hanson plant and ends with this family dinner. End result is that it will be shown on the program, "Industry on Parade," over 126 TV stations to an estimated audience of 60,- 000,000 people at a date to be an- nounced later. BETTY BUCHAN ON TV PROGRAM Miss Betty Buchan, publicity di- rector of NCA, appeared on Provi- dence (R. L) WJAR-TV, channel 10, the program from 1 to 1:30, Nov. 23 being "Let's Go Shopping." Miss Buchan told about Thanks- giving and cranberries. We pray that peace o n earth will rule supreme and the love of man for fellow man will fill our hearts. THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD South Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood Nine Future Years May Bring Production As High, Or Higher By F. B. Chandler Cranberry growers have just harvested the largest crop in his- tory. It is interesting to compare this crop with the trends published in the June issue of CRANBER- RIES. The five year average 1949- 1953 (1952 tentative 1953 estimated yield), for New Jersey exceeds the trend published in June but all other sections are below. The high- est average five year (1949-1953) yield for Wisconsin was 62.9 bar- rels per acre. The preceding high (1947-1951) was 66.5 barrels per acre. The five year (1949-1953) average for the Pacific Coast was 56.2 barrels per acre. Massachu- setts had a five year (1949-1953) average of 36.1 barrels per acre. This is lower than the five year averages, 1949-1950 and 1947-1951, which were bolstered by the large crop of 1948. The New Jersey five year average was 13.2 barrels which is the highest since 1924-28. Mass. Highest Ever When the 1953 crop is considered as yield per acre, we find Massa- chusetts had about 44.4 barrels per acre which is the highest Massa- chusetts has ever had. New Jersey liad 15.7 barrels per acre which is the highest produced since 1926. Wisconsin produced 76.4 barrels per acre which is the highest since 1948. The Pacific Coast, in spite of a heavy frost, had 76.7 barrels per acre which is the highest yield they have had. The yield in Wash- ington was over 90 barrels per acre. When we think of this crop in relation to future crops, we must realize it is not outstanding when we consider as yield per acre. In Massachusetts the per acre yield is only 10 percent higher than the 1948 yield. New Jersey is 20 per- cent below the 1926 high. Wiscon- sin yield per acre this year is 10 percent below that of 1948. Wash- ington yield was 12 percent above 1951. Oregon yield per acre was nearly 45 percent below their yield for 1947. Therefore, it appears that the cranberry production may be as high or higher in future years. Cranberry Men Of Massachusetts Hear Sec. Benson A number from the cranberry in- dustry were in attendance at the 8.15 breakfast, Hotel Statler ball- room, Boston, Friday morning, Nov. 20, to honor Secretary of Agriculture, Ezra Taft Benson. This was a feature of the 29th Con- ference of the New England Coun- cil. The cabinet member, who has been attacked from many quarters because of his more conservative views on the administration of his office than his predecessor, re- ceived a huge ovation as he en- tered the ballroom to sit down to a "New England Breakfast". This consisted of cranberry or apple juice, scrambled eggs, codfish cakes, blueberry muffins, beach plum jelly, doughnuts and coffee. In his televised speech, Mr. Ben- son hit high farm subsidies. "We cannot continue on the present course of ever-growing surpluses and ever-increasing drain on our national economy," he said. He asserted he planned to discard the bad in the farm program, hold to what was worth retaining and to add to the good. He was not planning to resign, he said, but would remain in office as long as President Eisenhower wanted him to. Included among those attending were J. Richard Beattie, State Cranberry Specialist, East Ware- ham; Dr. C. E. Cross, director Ten y. Secretary of Agriculture Ezra Tal't Ileiison shown as he addresses New England Council gathering at Boston recently. (CRANBERRIES) Bryant, general manager Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., and Lloyd Wil- liams, Eatmor merchandising man- ager; Larry Proosch, merchandis- ing manager Ocean Spray, and Miss Betty Buchan, publicity; and Clarence J. Hall, editor of Cran- berries Magazine. East Warehanr State Experiment Station, Sandwich; Ralph Thach- er, grower, Hyannis; Frank Cran- don, Acushnet, president of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion; Burt Leonard, Acushnet, grower; Plymouth County Agent Director, Joe T. Brown; Harold C. CONSOLIDATION BETWEEN NCA AND EATMOR IN DISCUSSION AGAIN Once again the possiblity of consolidation between National Cran- berry Associtition and Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. is under discussion by these major processing and fresh fruit co-ops. A meeting was held at NCA plant, Onset, Mass, Nov. 24. A second was scheduled for Dec. 9. Both organizations seem agreed that if a legal and mutually- satisfacory arrangement can be made they favor a merger. Initial move was made by Theodore H. Budd, Sr., pi'esident of EatnTor. The committee for NCA is Isaac Harrison, John E. Cutts, New Jersey; John Harriott, assistant treasurer, and Marcus L. Urann, pres- ident. For Eatmor it is Mr. Budd, New Jersey; Russell Makepeace and George Briggs, Massachusetts, and Harold Delong, Wisconsin. Briefs proposed by each co-op are printed herewith. Also a major portion of a statement issued to NCA members by Mr. Urann, on Nov. 25th, (Note insert on page 4) expressing his views and a requested statement of opinion by Harold E. Bryant, general manager, Eatmor: Eatmor Brief: The Cranberry Growers Council program would be terminated. The overall program of distribution of berries would be under the general direction of the Board of Directors of National. The number of mem- bers of National's Board of Di- rectors would be reduced to a more workable number such as twelve. National's Board would be so cre- ated as to have an approximately equal membership of those whose interest is primarily in the proc- essed berries and those whose in- terest is primarily in the fresh berries. Likewise, provision would be made for representation of the various geographic producing areas on National's Board of Directors. From the membership of Na- tional's Board of Directors, there would be created a marketing com- ni'ittee for day to day continuous supervision of the cranberry mar- keting program. This marketing committee would likewise, along the lines suggested for National's Board of Directors, reflect the viewpoint of both fresh and proc- essed cranberry interests, as well as the viewpoint of the various geographic producing areas. The overall allocation between fresh and processed berries would be de- termined in the first instance by National's Board of Directors. This determination could be subject to change within prescribed limita- -tions by the marketing committee, subject to review by the Board of Directors of National. In other words, one overall body, representing all the berries in- volved, would be making the de- cisions as to the portion of berries moving into fresh and into proc- essed channels, as well as what portion might be treated as a com- mon surplus. The distribution of processed ber- ries will continue to be handled by National. The distribution of fresh berries would be handled by the Eatmor organization, pursuant to a service contract with National Like a far-reach- i ng beam of light, may our sincere good wishes bring you a hearty, happy Holiday. for the distribution of fresh crarl- berries. Reference to the Eatmor organization embraces the locals as functioning units on the distri- bution of fresh fruit. For this serv- ice Eatmor would be compensated upon an appropriate basis per bar- rel to cover all necessary expenses including adequate compensation of its management. Proceeds of fresh sales, minus expenses, would be turned back to National in the first instance. All berries, both fresh and proc- essed, thus available to National will be in a single pool. Returns to members of both National and Eat- mor shall be, after allowance for necessary expenses, on the same average basis per barrel delivered to National, whether ultimately sold in fresh or processed channels. National should accept nothing but 100% contracts. There shall be no discrim'ination whatever in fa- vor of any berries, regardless of from whom received, all being treated on the same basis in re- turns and any other benefits to growers. NCA's Brief A. We believe unified selling of fresh and canned cranberries will. . Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 Eleven jari.jr. ^ POWER SCYTHE (SeU-Pfopelledj MAKES TOUGH CUTTING EASY 28' Sickle bar,^<>_*t) cuts weeds, ^ brush, grass — < trims close to : buildings and I trees. Climbs j _ hills. )i^f^^:^S^ ^:^^^ lAWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW ATTACHMENTS 10' Full Floating Reel 16' Rotary Snow Thrower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. v^/ijljji CO. lUl WASHINOTOM Sn^ WEST NEWTON eS. llA«t. 1. Eliminate the duplication and reduce the costs of selling. 2. Provide better security to growers by assuring the sale of the grower's total crop, rather than either the fresh or the processed portion of it. 3. Eliminate any friction r fresh vs. canned sales and focus attention on the sale of the whole crop, using both fresh and canned outlets to the best advantage. 4. Better assure the con- sumer quality at low cost by pass- ing on to her a share of the econ- omies which twin selling can bring- about. B. We recognize, too, that NCA owes its members a continuance of the security and earnings which years of hard work and loyal member support have produced, and we must be careful than any change in organization does not destroy these benefits. And as we approach these dis- cussions with some reservation, but nevertheless with a spirit of cooperation, hopeful that the one cooperative which so many growers earnestly desire can at last be con- summ'ated. This brief has two parts: The first part deals with Organization, and covers the basic principles on which we feel it is necessary that we agree in order to achieve one cooperative. The second part deals with Operations of the coopera- tive after organization. Organization 1. Any step which is now taken should be sound in principle and a wise move in the evolution of the cranberry industry. It must be le- gally and economically sound. The only sound coopei'ative is for each individual grower to be a direct member. 2. Common Stockholders shall be composed only of active cran- berry growers. 3. Each member shall have a Marketing Agreement, as well as stock ownership. Operation It is impossible at this time to foreast the setup and procedure which should produce the best re- sults, but here are a few sugges- tions we considei- reasonable to expect. . . 1. With increased membership, we propose increasing the Execu- tive Committee to 7, with 2 repre- i;entati\ es from New Jersey, 2 from Wisconsin, and 3 from Mas- sachusetts, to meet monthly, as they have in the past (with NCA management and statf, in order to actively guide the aff'airs of the cooperative. All questions of man- agement, personnel, and procedure to be under the direct supervision of the Executive Committee. 2. There shall be one executive head of the cooperative with sep- arate sales departments for fresh and processed cranberries, but with all other activities coordinated in single departments: Grower Serv- ice, Accounting, Production, Ad- ministrative, Research, Advertis- ing, Purchasing, and Home Econ- omics. 3. We believe one of the \m- mediate objectives of the cran- berry industry must be to halt and reverse the declining market for fresh cranberries. We believe this cannot be accomplished by the mere transfer of personnel from one organization to another, but needs an entirely new approach to the selling of fresh cranberries. If this responsibility is to be entrust- ed to NCA, then it must also be given authority to create and car- ry out its sales plans unhindered. 4. The one national coopera- tive will permit the elimination of duplicate services which have been performed by both cooperatives. NCA branches in the several states will serve all growers equally, ex- panding where necessary its grow- ers' service departments, and its screening, packing, and freezing facilities, to take care of increased volume. 5. The total volume of the co- operative shall be allocated be- tween the fresh and processed mar- kets according to the size of the crop, the consumer demand, and marketing conditions, always with the view of keeping a strong ac- tive market for both fresh and canned cranberries, and selling the entire volume to the best advantage of the members. G. There shall be one national pool for fresh and processed cran- Twelve berries, combining all varieties in all states in one pool, so that all hazards and all advantages will be shared equally by all members. MANAGEMENT'S POSITION ON CONSOLIDATION Harold E. Bryant Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. In my opinion, it is out of order for Managenvent or salaried person- nel of either National Cranberry Association or Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. to be taking an active part in present discussions about consoli- dation of the two cooperatives. It is a decision for growers that should not be influenced by what might be considered personal in- terests of salaried personnel. I have told Eatmor's Board of Di- rectors that I prefer they make their decision concerning consolida- tion without interfet'ertee from Management. I believe the same situation should apply to National. E\ en though a salaried executive of National or Eatmor is a cran- berry grower, I believe his posi- tion and statements should be clas- sified as those of a salaried execu- tive. Committees to study consoli- dation, in my opinion, should be primarilly grower comrr.'ittees. Of cuorse, all of us in Management will be glad to consult with and furnish information to our com- mittee, but we do not want to be in a position of appearing to exert influence that might be misinter- preted by our members. Naturally, I have some very definite feelings with reference to the value, pos- sible accomplishments, and limita- tions of consolidation. Also, I have definite beliefs as to the alterna- tive if consolidation is not possible. ^*< ' " No "Absorption" A few basic principles could be stated at this tim'e. Any considera- „ tion of a union between Eatmor and National must be a true con- solidation in fact and spirit and "ot domination or absorption of either organization by the other. If that cannot be accomplished, then I question the value of consolidation because certainly this industry needs the full strength of Eatmor's and National's sales programs and not just a consolidation of tonnage. NCA's consolidation proposal, to some extent, and Mr. Urann's ac- companying letter to his member- ship particularly, made some posi- tive inferences that fresh fruit marketing and Eatmor's program had failed. This, of course, is in- correct and does not help in pro- m-oting the necessary harmony in attempting to eff'ect consolidation. Eatmor's Record Outstanding Eatmor's record at the present time is that of one of the outstand- ing organizations in the entire fresh fruit and vegetable industry, an industry that is altogether dif- ferent from processing and other "hardware" food items. Eatmor's merchandising program is recog- nized as the leading program in the fresh fruit and vegetable industry. Accomplishments made under Eat- ( Continued on page 15) ONE-WAY LOW-LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls for both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. May the light of good fellowship shine on us all during the Holi- day Season and the year that follows. The BLUE HILLS APIARIES 68 ROCKDALE STREET Mattapan (Boston), Mass. LEONARD H. SMITH 30 Norwood St., Boston ALLEN WOOD 7S King St., Raynham Thirteen Vol. 18 No. 8 ISSUE OF DECEMBER 1953 {^ Z^^^^'^'^'^^^ HOLIDAY GREETINGS THIS has been a bounteous year in cran- berry production, even though all matters pertaining to the industry may not be exactly what we wish for. But, we have the satisfaction, for sure, of proving that we can grow fruit. The industry has made some mighty strides culturally speaking, and we have some first-class marketing programs. The Holiday season is approaching, and CRANBERRIES takes this opportunity, to wish, to all, straight from the heart, an exceedingly Merry Christmas and a happier and more prosperous 1954. CONSOLIDATION AGAIN AGAIN the matter of consolidation between the two big co-ops, Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., and National Cranberry Association is under consideration. Whether this will at last be consumated remains to be seen. A true merger, and not a swallowing of one by the other is a difficult problem, indeed. There would be many ramifications to be threshed out. The industry needs a strong fresh fruit unit, a stabilizer of mar- keting, as Eatmor has tried to be, and a pusher in the selling of cranberries as a fresh fruit. Chances of Eatmor swallowing NCA, on the other hand, are practically nil. In case of a true consolidation would either NCA or Eatmor retain all their pres- ent membership and tonnage from all parts of the country? And would alloca- tion between fresh and processed sales under one big co-op management still remain the problem it has been? That's where much of the friction really origi- nates. "Unification," of the industry has been used as a term instead of "consolidation." The industry does need more unification, more get-together in the sense of stimu- lating fresh sales. The fresh fruit market has lost too much to processing. Plans, such as the Fresh Cranberry Institute have been tried, but the fresh berry is a long way from playing the major role it formerly had. What would the independents do? Most of them would probably remain as they are. Independents will always be in the industry and rightly so. Fourteen CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin C. D. HAMMOND, Jr. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington — Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Ci-anberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey ENCOURAGEMENT We were grateful a little while back we had the opportunity to push ourselves out of bed and be on the dark road at 5 :45 to pay $3 for a breakfast in Boston to hear Ezra Taft Benson, Secretary of Agri- culture give an address. His talk was re- freshing, encouraging. A man holding cabinet position can be honest; dare to say and do what he believes is best for the country's common welfare. Especially did Mr. Benson's words give a lift, in view of the Communistic scandals, which have filled radio, TV and the press and squabbles between off'icials. America can remain America with sound men as leadei's. mor's merchandising program, with expenditures of roughly $250,000 have been favorably compared with programs of other organizations spending $1,000,000. Eatmor's major problems are not sales and merchandising but rather the problem of contractual relationship with National through Council. For several years when supplies were short, Eatmor, to its own detriment, supplied a large percentage of its crop to National. This year, when Eatmor really needed the processing outlet, as did everybody, National refused to accept tonnage from us com- parabe percentagewise to that of past years. This has created a ser- ious problem for Eatmor. The con- tractual relationship between Na- tional and Eatmor has worked out to the effect of giving Eatmor's fresh fruit competitors a greater advantage that is given to Eatmor. The other major problem in Eatmor's program is the fact that we do not have sufficient tonnage to stabilize the fresh fruit market. If stabilization can be achieved and internal difficulties between Nation- al and Eatmor corrected, there is virtually no limit to how far our sales program might go. This does not mean that Eatnror cannot be strengthened. Eatmor can be im- proved just as is true with the Na- tional Cranberry Association. Any consolidation to be successful must strengthen both organizations. Son- solidation in itself will not move more cranberries for this industry. To be successful, a consolidation program must be set up in such a way that it strengthens and im- proves both outlets — fresh and processed. If either outlet is made subor- dinate, then consolidation will not work and the industry will suffer. NAC Committe Written By M. Urann I told Mr. Budd that our mem- bers voted in 1946, following the Industry Survey, to unite with members of the American Cran- berry Exchange to form one Na- tional Cooperative and that we still believed that to be a sound move for the industry. Following the meeting of the combined committee, our own com- mittee met to discuss the proposal which Eatmor had made. The con- sensus of opinion was as follows: 1. That Eatmor's proposal is in substance a reorganization of Na- tional. We believe that a coop- erative with National's record of success and growth is not in need of reorganization. 2. Eatmor's proposal means that the Eatmor selling organization will remain intact, and will oper- ate just as it does now, except that the expense of that selling organi- zation will be shared by National. We believe that the cause of the steady decline in fresh cranberry sales is due to the present policies and methods. Simply shifting part \\imiuifutd CnAMBERRIES The best and most economical way to do a job is by private enterprise. INDIAN TRAIL operates that way. Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN May we extend to all, every good wish for the Holidays and a New Year of peace and hap- piness. MORSE BROTHERS H. Morse 47 - 49 Falmouth St. ATTLEBORO, MASS. V^' mt^^m I^S Fifteen of the expense of Eatmor's organi- zation to National in no way cor- rects the basic weakness. 3. We believe their proposal that a marketing committee be set up over the selling of the Eatmor and Ocean Spray is a dangerous and weakening step. The companies which are making sales successes are run not by committees but by aggressive management with authority to carry out sales policies. Sales experts are needed to formu- late marketing policies and carry them out, not marketing commit- tees. 4. Notice the last sentence in the next-to-last paragraph of Eat- mor's proposal. This means that Eatmor's earnings, whatever they are, would be turned over toward one national pool for fresh and canned cranberries. With the pres- ent outlook of fresh cranberry in- come and expense, this would defi- nitely reduce NCA's net earnings and returns to members. 5. We believe their proposal that NCA accept nothing less than 100 percent contracts would be suicide for both Eatmor and Ocean Spray. Companies like the J. J. Beaton Co., Cape Cod Cooperative, Decas Brothers, Morse Brothers, and others who have developed their own fresh-berry outlets over the years have no intention of aban- doning their business. For us to refuse to accept their canning ber- ries would mean that they would be driven to sell those berries to commercial canners. Even imdpr present conditions, commercial canners are selling sauce at $1.62'^. a dozen as compared with our price of $2 a dozen. This is costing us business in a number of markets. To swell the supply of berries to commercial canners, means suicide to Ocean Spray business. This is exactly what would happen if we refused to take less than 100 per- cent contracts. To summarize, it is the unimous feeling of our committee that the Eatmor proposal in no way im- proves the possibility of extending the fresh cranberry market. It only reduces our volume of berries, re- stricts our freedom to carry out our sales policies, and saddles on to us the expense and the lower earnings of Eatmor's present fresh berry pool. 3i:(teeD We agree for one cooperative. We believe it is sound for the in- dustry. But we shall insist that such a move be a step upward and not a step downward for the mem- bers of NCA who have worked for years to build a strong and sound cooperative. JOE BROWN, MASS. HEADS NATION'S AGENTS CROUP Joseph T. Brown, County-Agent Manager of Plymouth County, who since 1939 has been generally asso- ciated with the Massachusetts cranberry industry is now presi- dent of the National Association of County Agricultural Agents, hav- ing been advanced at a recent meeting from the position of vice- president in an election held at Philadelphia. There are 3100 coun- ties in the Nation, with more than that number of county agents and assistant countie agents. He has won a signal honor. "Joe" Brown was assigned to Plymouth County February 1, 1939 Beaton's Distributing Agency With a bright Poinsettia, may we point out our wishes for a Merry Christmas to all our friends. Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 130 or 970 Cxifie God (i^Uunie^fiMei and one of his first duties was ac- tive work in the cranberry field. He was quick to assist in the or- ganization of an educational pro- gram for growers. This was through a series of cranberry meetings, which still continue. He was born on a dairy farm at Deerfield, New Hampshire in 1909. He was graduated from the Uni- versity of New Hampshire with a B. S. degree in agriculture. After graduation he spent a year on the home farm and then for two years was a foreman for the New Hamp- shire Forestry Department. He was then, for three years, assist- ant county agent at Litchfield, Con- necticut. Brown has served on many Mass- achusetts agricultural committees. He has been president of the Mass- achusetts federation of extension service workers, and is current past president of New England associa- tion of county agents. Brown was the recipient of the national county agents' association "County Agent's Distinguished Service" award in 1950. The University of New Hampshire has honored him with a citation for distinguished service. The "County Agent", publication for agricultural leaders and advis- ors, published at Philadelphia, in an article upon Brown, refers to his weekly TV program "Down to Earth", which ham made him known as "emcee" to thousands of people in the six New England States. "His is the kind of personality that television program directors would forsake their 'ivory towers' to meet," said the "County Agent". Continuing, "His ability to carry on a friendly conversation without benefit of script, and timed to split- second accuracy, has probobly done more for Extension in New England ir. recent years than any other sin- gle factor." The "Down to Earth" program began in December, 1951 and while programs are especially beamed to rural people in New England, they are presented in such a way they also appeal to the interests of urban residents. There is an average audience of 50-60,000 people as determined by station sur- vey, mostly within a 50 mile radius of Bostan, the location of WBZ-TV, whose facilities he uses. This is a 150,000-watt station. Sixteen technicians are required to produce "Down to Earth". Programs have incl'ided an agri- piatmad DECAS aROS. WAREHAM, MASS. cultural, a home-making, a 4-H club, better living with flowers, con- trol of Japenese Beetles, lawn care, agricultural fairs, science serves everybody, make the best better, the teen-agers wardrobe, chicken of today, small fruits for the home garden. More than 200 persons have participated in the program since its inception. County and state extension workers and lay people have been included. Visual aids are used to express continuity. Participants do not memorize lines, but informality pi-evails. The program is developed with the assistance of a state-wide tele- visions steering committee, which is made up of State Extension specialists from the University of Massachusetts and County Exten- sion workers. This committee mets four times a year to select general topics. Final details, how- evr, are left to "Joe" Brown. Cranberry Crop Exceeds Estimate The cranberry crop this year is just like Topsy. It has kept on growing and growing. It was not satisfied with having achieved a record, but has continued to get bigger. Figures of the U. S. Crop Re- porting Service issued Nov. 13 have placed the total for the country as 1,209,000. The first astimate in August was for 1,075,400, which would have achieved the all-time high. The total 1952 yield was 790,500 bbls. and the ten-year av- erage (1942-51) was 788,170. Both these are now apparently exceeded by 53 percent. A reason for the increase in Massachusetts was an October with very little rain until late in the month, and temperatures slightly above normal, making it very fa- vorable for completion of the har- vest. Massachusetts was accorded 710,- 000 bbls. in the latest release. This is 60 percent larger than the 445,- 000 picked in '52 and 41 percent larger than the ten-year average of 503,600. There was very little frost damage this fall. Color and size of berries proved about av- erage. Shrinkage, due to quality, was moderately heavier than usual, and keeping quality below average, oarticluarly for berries from early vater bogs. October weather was favorable in Wisconsin, also, and production ex- pectations were raised to 290,000, (Continued on Page 19) Seventeen Miss Barbara Wright, winsome winner of Oregon's cranberry queen contest is shown below. She is shown in royal regalia and holding sceptre of office. She was sponsored by the Ban- don Woman's Civic Club. I Leanne (Sis Parmenter, Wiscon- sin's 1953 Cranberry Queen, has been doing a considerable job in making appearances for the indus- try. Above she is shown with the chef of the Park Hotel, Madison, Wisconsin, and turkey and cran- berry sauce. This shot is expected to be used in a national trade magazine. Eighteen . • Fresh From the Fields (Continued from Page 6) It was the Cvowleys' regret they could not continue all the way to the East Coast. They hope to be able to re-visit Cape Cod and New Jersey soni'etime in the future. NEW JERSEY TV Program On November 5th the Rutgers University Extension Television Program featured the growing of cranberries and the marketing, pro- cessing and use of the fruit. This was repeated at a later date through several other stations. N. J. Blueberry Stunt Disease Each year the N. J. State De- partment of Agriculture inspects for blueberry stunt disease a por- tion of the blueberry acreage from which plant-growers take cuttings for propagation. A spring and a fall inspection are made. If, in these two inspections combined, there is 1 percent or less of stunt- diseased bushes per acre, the in- spected area is certified by the State. To remain in the program the grower must remove any bush tagged by the inspector within 10 days. William M. Boyd, Supervisor of Nursery Inspection, reported at the Blueberry Open House, held in Pemberton on December 3, that 338 acres were so inspected in 1953 and 317 were certified as acceptable within the program. On the certi- fied acreage ther-e was an average of 1.5 stunt-diseased bushes per acre. In the whole of the 338 acres inspected (including the 11 rejected acres) the average disease was 2.2 bushes per acre. In the past 9 years of inspection, this last figure has decreased from 4.7 bushes per acre to 2.2. It is understood, of course, that this is not typical blue- berry acreage. It is a select por- tion set aside for propagating pur- poses. Mr. Boyd's full report will bf published in the proceedings of the Blueberry Open House of the N. J. Agricultural Experiment Sta- tion. Crop Estimate (Continued from Page 17) setting a record for that state. A considerable loss from spoilage was expected. In spite of some loss from ex- cessively dry weather in New Jer- sey late in the season, the estimate of 110,000 exceeds slightly the 1952 crop of 104,000. Washington and Oregon have record-large crops of good quality berries, these being estimated as 72,000 and 27,000 respectively. GROWTH OF CRANBERRIES In WASHINGTON STATE "Horticulture in the State of Washington," published by the Washington Department of Agri- culture, in its latest issue has some interesting figures on the growth of the cranberry industry in that state. In 1939 acres harvested were 700, 615 tons were produced, the value being §123,000. The following year on the same acreage, tons harvested were 1,260, farm' value §277,000. In 1945 on the same acreage production had increased to 1,820 tons for a value of §732,000. Biggest financial year of all was 1946 when on 670 acres 2,100 tons were harvested for a total farm value of §1,344,000. In 1951 on 720 acres production was 2,875 tons and value $753,000. Last year on 750 harvested acres production was 1,500 tons for a value of $450,000. The 1953 produc- tion and value when tabulated should prove another boost. Grays Harbor county now has 200 acres and Pacific 500. P i Protects Cranguymal ProvideN Protectiorv^/from Frost and Drought at Cronguyma Farms^ Long Beach, Wash. JPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today without obligation. Sprinkler lirlEalion Association NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES, 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, Nineteen '"BIG" QUEEN PLACES CROWN ON HEAD OF "LITTLE" QUEEN Miss Lee Saunders, Rochester, Mass., blonde National Cranberry Festival title holder, in one of her first official duties, takes part in ceremonies at the annual Cranberry Ball of Wareham, (Mass.) High School annual Cranberry Ball, Armistice Day eve. The Queen seated is brunette Jean Tassinari, junior, selected to reign over the ball. (Cranberries Photo) PRIZES FOR FRESH FRUIT PROMOTION Distributors and retailers of fresh cranberries are being offered prizes in a fresh cranberry holiday pro- motion, Dec. 11 to 19. The promo- tion is being done by the United Merchandising Institute of the United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Association of Kansas City and is sponsored by Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., Beaton's Distributing Agency, Wareham; Morse Brothers, Attle- boro; Decas Brothers, Wareham; Cape Cod Cranberry Cooperative, Plymouth; Massachusetts, and Ind- ian Trail, Wisconsin. First prize is a 3-day trip to Havana, for the winner and his wife and all expenses paid. Second is S200 and the third $100. Below is shown the silver jeliy dish offered by NCA for 3 labels from an Ocean Spray can and $2.50, and the redesigned silver server, with a cranberry-like motif pierced in the ladle, offered for 2 labels and 50 cents. By Thanksgiving, requests total- ling 9,175 had come in for the dish, 14,412 for the server, 138 for a whole berry server and 236 for the complete set. Twenty EATMOR CUTS PRICES AFTER THANKSGIVING Immediately after Thanksgiving- Eatmoi- Cranberries, Inc., an- noiinced a cut in prices of Eastern Late Howes of $4.25 to a quarter, other late Massachusetts varieties, ?3.85; Wisconson Natives, $3.6.5; Searles, $3.75; McFarlins, $3.85; Wisconsin Late Howes, $4.40. Eatmor opened its market with Early Blacks at $17 per barrel, September 10, (raised to $18 Oct. 7) as compared to $19 for the short crop of a year ago and $15 in 1951. FOR SALE Searles vines free of weeds, State inspected. $175 a ton de- livered in Wisconsin in truck- load lots. §150 F. O. B., Hay- ward, Wis. Weighed sprinkled but not soaked in water. Run through cutter free if desired. Tony Jonjak Hayward, Wis. International Harvester PUMPS and POWER UNITS CROP SAVER IRRIGATION INTERNATIONAL TRACTORS Now is the time to schedule Winter repairs and overhaul. We offer complete shop service. FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridge water Phone E. B. 8-2761 We wish you all the warm and friendly joys of the Yuletide season, and hope for pleasant days in Nineteen hundred fifty-four. Eatmor Cranberries New England Cranberry Sales Company (The Cranberry Cooperative) Telephone 200 9 Station Street, Middleboro, Mass. A HABIT THAT'S STILL GROWING . . . OCEAN SPRAY FOR CHRISTMAS In millions of homes, this is what's happening before Christmas. Women are opening cans of Ocean Spray to make Christmas salads . . . Christmas desserts . . . Christmas sherbet. It's a habit that continues to grow because it is constantly nutured by Ocean Spray advertising. This I'.oliday recipe book, for example, which gives women ideas for serving Ocean Spray for Christmas, New Year's and every holiday in the year, is just one of the many ways we help the Ocean Spray habit to grow. The more women adopt this Ocean Spray habit — the greater the sale of your berries and the better your returns. This is the objective for which Ocean Spray is working. National Cranberry Association THE GROWERS' COOPERATIVE Hanson, Massachusetts SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON COLD JANUARY Scene, showing frozen bay on Cape Cod. (CRANBERRIES Photo 30 Cents JANUARY 1954 D J Crowley Retires on the West Coast As Director of Washington Cranberry-Blueberry Lab- oratory, He Has Contrib- uted Much to Pacific Cul- ture in 30 Years. As with Drs. Franklin and Bergman in Massachusetts, the resignation of D. J. Crowley, di- rector of Washing-ton State Cran- berry-Blueberry Experiment Sta- tion is regretfully reported. Mr. Crowley reached retirement age last September after more than 30 years of service in his research capacity at Long Beach. His successor is to be C. C. Doughty, a graduate of Kansas State Collage, who has worked at the Station the past two summers. His retirement was announced by C. Clement Fren;h, piesident cf Washington State College, and in doing S3 highly praised the a?hieve- monts of the long years of sei-vice of Crowley. When Crowley went to Long Beach peninsula in 1922 as an un- dergraduate in the department of plant pathology at Washington State, the Washington cranbarry production was 9,800 barrels in n24, first year record was kept. This past fall it was 72,000 ac- cording to latest estimate, and would, it is believed, easily have reached 100,000 barrels if all the bogs had had sprinkler control during the severe frost of last spring. About 20 more growers plan to have systems in operation in 1954, and it is the considei'ed opinion of Crowley that Washing- ton production should hit the hun- dred thousand mark occasionally during the next few years. During the summer of 1922 Crowley was asked to look over the many problems which the Wash- ington cranberrymen were encoun- tering, and to make recommenda- tions for improvements. He re- ported that insects, weeds and dis- eases were the most important haz- ards, and he felt these could large- ly be overcome. He later found that frost was causing nearly as D. J. CROWLEY much damage to the crop each year as were the three destructive ele- ments he first noted. Full-Time 1923 At the 1923 session of the Wash- ington State legislature an appro- pi'iation was made for investiga- tional work on cranberries and Crowley was sent to do this work after his graduation from Wash- ington College in 1923. For the first two years he did research work on various private bogs, but in 1924 Pacific County provided 13 acres of land on Pioneer Road at Long Beach to serve as an experiment station. Later this property was deeded to the State and additional land was purchased so that the experiment station now contains 52 acres. Crowley went to Massachusetts and New Jersey in September of 1924 and made arrangements to get sev- eral Eastern varieties and blueberry cuttings which were later set out at the Station. As to improving cultural knowl- edge on the Pacific, Crowley, over the years developed spray programs which have greatly improved con- trol of fireworm and fruitworm, at one time two of the major insect pests. The practice of control is now about one tenth of what it formerly was, so much have con- DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS ditions been improved. He has car- ried on research in weed and dis- ease control. The use of Stoddards Solvant or paint thinner was originated from experiments at the Station, Crow- ley reported on the possibility of kerosene in his annual report of 1926. Sprinkler Frost Control A very vital problem for West Coast growers was the loss from spring frosts. Crowley was the spearhead in working out a method of control by using irrigation sprinklers. He published his re- sults in state college bulletins in 1925 and 1926. This is credited as being the first time sprinklers were used in the United States, or elsewhere for frost control. Others in the area experimented with sprinklers, also. Many of the West Coast growers now have the sprinkler systems. In addition to the frost work, irriga- tion is a main factor and also in lowering bog temperatures during periods of West Coast "heats." In 1948 a modern office and labo- iatory building, one of the most advanced in the industry, including radiant heat was built for the use of Prof. Crowley and his associates. A greenhouse was added four years later. About the same time the new station was constructed, Mr. and Mrs. Crowley built a new home al- most exactly across the road from the Station. Here the Crowleys have conducted rather extensive farming operations. One hundred a'-'res are contained in the property. The Crowleys will remain at Long Beach, where, as he says not being temporarilly adapted to "sitting around" he will probably set out a few acres of cranberries on his own ranch this year or next. Crov.'ley is a native of Dublin, Ireland, his family moving to Man- chester, England when he was still small, later migrating to Boston, Mass., and then to the State of Washington. Crowley served in World War, enlisting at Seattle, and was active in several offensives in Europe. While at Washington State besides majoring in plant pathology he minored in entomolgy. The B!ue Hill Apiaries Boston, Mass. Announce that MR. D. P. NEWHOOK is no longer associated with us. Thanking you for your past courtesies, we are The BEue Hill Apiaries LEONARD H. SMITH 37 Milwood Street Boston Final Year's Crop Estimate Higher Yet The total U. S. cranberry crop 1,230,000 according to the Decem- ber 30th bulletin of the U. S. D. A. has now grown to an estimated November figure was 1,209,000 and the August forecast 1,075,400. The figure is a 54 percent increase over 1952 and 56 percent above the last ten-year average. The crop iin each major area was larger than '52 and than the average. The crop is 25 percent over the previous record set in 1950. Growing conditions were gener- ally favorable in all areas, except for a period of exceptionally hot weather in Massachusetts and in New Jersey in late August and early October. The comparatively mild autumn allowed harvest of berries to continue later than usual v/ith little frost damage anywhere. Massachusetts is accorded 710,000 barrels; New Jersey, 114,000; Wis- consin, 300,000; Washington, 74,- 000; Oregon, 32,000. Of the record crop last fall, Eat- mor Cranberries, Inc., has just es- timated that approximate total sales of fresh fruit were 500,000, with the co-op estimated sales as 250,000. This is a 40 percent in- crease over last year's fresh fruit market. It is estimated about 200,- 000 will be retained in cold storage for early canning. WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Go. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R s BOX COn^PANY, Sue. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones— Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding Quarter Barrel Cranberry Shipping Boxes H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. One SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard E ectric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouch Hyannis Provincetown Vint yard Haven BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES Expert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Hall & Cole Established 1848 Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. EQUIPMENT HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS PUMPS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The Nationa Be Conveniently locat mk of Wareham td for Cranberry men Extensive Experience in FI FTTRICAL WORK Funds always aval lable for sound loans V At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI Complete Bi inking Service ADVERTISE Member Federal D epoBit Insurance Corp. in CRANBERRIES Two DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR B-6100, B-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation INSECTICIDES CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York • • • "cranberries" was the original and still is the only general magazine of the industry, you should be a regular reader. • • • Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. SERVICES PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES Three Mass. Cranberry by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extention Cranberry Specialist The Annual Farm Business Con- ference held at the University of Massachusetts for the last several years did not convene this year. Massachusetts cranberry growers who have attended these sessions have assisted in preparing an in- dustry-wide report which included definite recommendations for cor- recting or relieving certain prob- lems related to our industry. These recommendations were in turn re- ferred to the proper organizations for action. We believed that it was to the advantage of our industry to prepare a similar report this year. For this purpose a representative group of cranberry people met De- cember 8, and assisted Dr. Chester E. Cross and the writer in prepar- ing the following report: THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY REPORT The Situation Production: The Massachusetts cranberry crop this year has hit an all-time record high with an estimated 710,000 barrels. This rep- resents 55 percent more berries that last year's rather short crop. It was produced in the face of a serious June drought but with heavy water supplies built up last spring and what rain fell we got through the summer months. The acreage of Massachusetts cian- berry bogs remains about the same and most growers are still con- vinced that increases in produc- tion can be obtained from the acreage already planted. Marketing: The cranberry mar- ket in the fall of 1953 has absorbed more cranberries, both processed and fresh, than it has in any pre- vious year. Of the record produc- tion this year, over 80 percent will be sold before the next crop is raised. Prices have averaged slight- ly lower because of the ample sup- plies, and the fresh fruit season will be extended. Further improve- ments in the market are expected with im'proved cooperative market- ing efforts. Most growers feel that the strong cranberry market can be still further strengthened by the raising of high-quality fruit. Trends: Maintenance work on cranberry bogs continues at a high level as a result of satisfacory re- turns from the large crop. Produc- tion is therefore likely to continue at a high level in Mass. The out- look for 1954 appears now to be good. The water table in the cranberry area which had been falling in the last few years has been re- markably replenished during 1953. Rainfall in the first five months and during the fall has been heavy. Reservoirs, ponds, and ground wa- ters are all at very high levels. Supplies for winter flooding are excellent and the winter appears to offer few hazards to next year's cranberry production. Production Problems Labor and Mechanization: The labor situation in the Massachu- setts cranberry area continues ser- ious and, for the third year, Puerto Rican labor was brought in with the assistance of the Mass. Divi- sion of Employment Security. This device is regarded as temporary. The final solution will be the con- version to mechanical devices that will accomplish more with less man- power. During the last year con- siderable progress was made in machine sanding. Large acreages were treated using stripped-down pick-up trucks and tractors with trailers. In most cases the vehicles were kept on planks while loaded, but usually drove across the vines when empty. Work is in progress to develop a satisfactory sanding distributor from these trucks and trailers. Many more harvesting ma- chines wei-e made and put to use during the fall of 1953. There ap- uears to be an increasing interest in these for harvesting the crop. Possibly 15 percent of the '53 crop was harvested by machine. Devices for cleaning ditches and digging new ones, using the scoop and winch, proved satisfactory in many instances. Raking and pi'uning ma- chines were used to considerable advantage. Aircraft applications of insecticide concentrates and ferti- lizers were used very considerably during 1953. Irrigation: Heavy losses to drought in 1952 made the cran- berry growers exceptionally alert at the onset of dry weather in June, 1953. Flash fiooding, ditch irriga- tion, portable overhead systems were all used in far greater degree than ever before to protect the '53 crop against the devastating effects of dry weather that had hurt the previous crop so much. Most grow- ers with overhead systems tried to apply an inch of water a week when there was no rainfall. Much overhead irrigation was done dur- ing the m.oi'ning hours with little or no detrimental effect to the keeping quality of the fruit. Ap- parently there is no direct injury to developing berries when they are sprinkled under bright sunshine. Flash flooding should be used dur- ing the blooming period only when failure to water will cost the loss of vines. Blossom buds and newly- set berries are more liable to in- jury from flooding than open flow- ers and half-grown berries. The Department of Agricultural En- gineering and Agronomy of the University of Massachusetts have been cooperating actively with the Cranberry Station to determine the most satisfactory irrigation sys- tem for cranberries. This work is continuing. Growers should know that the Soil Conservation Sei'vice is available in all cranberry pro- ducing area of Massachusetts for engineering and surveying advice Four in developing: ii-rigation facilities, establishing reservoirs, dikes, and in securing grades and levels. Cultural Experimentation: Ex- periments with aircraft-applied in- secticide concentrates continue to show effective controls for m'any of our cranberry insects Experimental work on other phases of insect con- trol is being set out in greater numbers with newer insecticides. Results of this work will be made available to the industry as soon as they appear to be worth general recommendation. The weed control research program, the study of wa- ter relationships in bog soils, and the whole problem of cranberry fertilization are being studied at the Station. Dr. H. F. Bergmar. of the U. S. D. A., retired September 1. A pathologist to be hired by the Commonwealth will take his place, it is hoped, in the near future. Forecasts Frost Forecasts: The younger men of the Cranberry Station took over the frost forecasting in 1953 being considerably helped by Dr. H. J. Franklin. Keeping Quality Forecast: As in the last several years, two keeping quality forecasts were issued in 1953. The use made of these fore- casts has proved to be somewhat disappointing, but the accuracy of the forecasts, not only in 1953 but in every year in which they have been issued, should interest all cranberry growers in adjusting their m'anagement practices to raising high quality fruits. Drought forecasts: An attempt was made to warn cranberry grow- ers of increasing hazards from dry weather in June. It is thought that this work helped to get the cranberry growers through that dry month. This work will continue in 1954. Winter Injury Forecasts: Grow- ers were warned last January of increasing oxygen deficiency con- ditions but subsequent weather proved so mild that further warn- ings were not issued. When and if serious weather conditions de- velop, warnings will be issued by the Station. Varieties: Elimination of hy- brids, seedlings, and unnamed var- ieties has progressed to the point where the chief work now being- done is on only IG of these pros- pective strains. A committee of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Assaciation has been named to take charge of the distribution of these selected varieties. Some distribu- tion of seedling No. 31 was accom- plished in 1953 with the sole pur- pose of increasing the amount of vine growth of this variety. Gypsy Moth: The great value accruing to the cranberry industry from the eradication programs of 1949 and 1950 gives greater prom- ise now of being- reinforced by sim- ilar work in adjacent counties in 1954. It is the sincere hope of cran- berry growers and many other in- terests on Cape Cod that the pipn- eering work accomplished now sev- eral years ago be protected by sim- ilar work in adjacent counties. Forestry: Much of the forest land of Southeastern Massachusetts is owned by cranberry growers. Proper management of these for- est lands has proved to be a source of off-season income to the cranberry growers. Forest owners who wish to improve or to cash in on their forests should consult their county, district, and extension for- esters to secure advice and assist- ance. Marketing Problems 1. Quality Fruit: As a result of the hot and dry weather of late August and early September, the ci'anberry crop of 1953 matured slowly and coloring of the fruit prevented early shipment to the fresh fruit mai-ket. Growers have learned that it is best to ship only the best quality, well-colored fruit to the fresh market. They are sure to learn that it is to their advan- tage to ship only quality fruit and well-colored fruit to the processing ONE-WAY LOW-LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls for both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. Fiv» outlets. If growers can produce a maximum percentage of high qual- ity, well-colored fruit, it is felt that the marketing problems will be greatly lessened. 2. Packaging: Research at the Cranberry Station on the keeping quality of cranberries in various consumer packages is continuing. Work by the U. S. D. A., in coop- eration with the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station and with some of the leading fresh fruit marketing outlets, indicates increasing preference for the card- board window box container. 3. Crop Reports: The New Eng- land Crop Reporting Service is- sued a crop forecast in August which, as is usual in heavy crop years, was less that the final har- vest 4. Market Reports: Growers are pleased with the radio and newspaper reports of the market situation and movement of the crop isued by the Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. 5. Trends: More than ever be- fore the standards and require- ments of both the fresh and the processing marketing outlets are being raised to a point where high quality, well-colored fruit is a necessity. It is felt that if growers can produce maximum percentages of this sort of fruit that both the fresh market and the processing market will profit sufficiently to take care of these million-barrel crops. After the rather disappointing quality of the 1953 crop, the pres- sure is definitely on the cranberry growers to raise better quality fruit in 1954. Schedule Fine Jersey Meeting February 4th Theodore H. Budd, Jr., president of the American Cranberry Grow- ers' Association, predicts an un- usually interesting program at the anual meeting to be held in Pem- berton, N. J., at Fenwick Hall on February 4. Sales Price of the 1954 WESTERN PICKER Base Established Price $930.00 DIFFERENT SALES CONDITIONS 1. If complete purchase price is paid before May 1, 1954, subtract 10'. of $930.00 or $93.00, making the price $8.37.00 2. If picker is ordered before May 1, 1954 and $300.00 paid down and .S560.00 paid on delivery, the price is - $860.00 3. If the picker is ordered before May 1, 1954 and $300.00 paid with order, then the balance of $630.00 will be due on Dec. 1, 1954 making the total price , $930.00 Note — a. We will give early discounts to help finance construction of pickers. b. We also linow more closely how many to build. c. It is cheaper for a grower to borrow money at his bank, than it is for us to carry him. We gladly allow him the diff^erence in a much larger cash discount for early orders. "WESTERN PICKERS ARE NEVER OBSOLETE" address orders to WESTERN PICKERS, Inc., 1172 Hemlock Ave., Coos Bay. Oregon High-nitrogen versus high-phos- phorus-potash fertilizers will be discussed by C. A. Doehlert of the Pemberton Laboratory. Along with the widely increased use of fertili- zer on New Jersey bogs, this topic has aroused more than usual inter- est among the growers. P. E. Ma- rucci of the same Laboratory will report on a preliminary study of cranberry tipworm. Tipworm has been conspicuous this year, having been found in considerable numbers on every bog examined except those recently sanded. Mr. Marucci is making a thorough study of tip- worm in order to decide what is fact and what is fiction about this much debated insect. The TV "cranberry show", which was on New Jersey's airwaves be- fore Thanksgiving, will be repro- duced al the meeting. This was created by E. G. Christ, J. F. Hauck, and M. D. Kirkland of Rut- gers University. For several years Dr. H. F. Bergman has been re- cording the facts about the blos- som and fruiting habits of New Jersey cranberries. He will sum- marize the outstanding facts for this meeting. The newest information on fruit rot, studied in relation to minor element sprays will be reported by E. H. Varney. Leland Merrill will tell how to use and not to use para- thion. M. T. Hutchinson> will report on food plants of the blunt-nosed leafhopper which spreads cranberry false blossom. The meeting will start at 10 a. m., and end about 3:30 p. m. Persons wishing luncheon reserva- tions should inform C. A. Doehlert, secretary, by February 1. OREGON CRANBERRY COUNTIES MAKE TAX- POPULATION GAINS Coos and Curry counties in southwestern Oregon, where the bulk of Oregon cranberries are grown, show rapid increases in population and taxable properties. Coos County in the past three years shows a ten thousand gain. Curry in the same period made the greatest growth in the state, one of 38.4 percent. The second highest property in- crease in Oregon is that foi- Coos, a 23 percent uppage. Curry County taxes jumped 11.5 percent. §i>f \^ t^'*''"""™"''^^^^^^ ISSUE OF JANUARY. 1954-VOL. 18 NO. 9 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Hmin St., Waieham, Massachusetts. Subscription, $8.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 8, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS December was another month favorable to production in 1954. There was rain early which helped with winter flooding. Tempera- tures were up so there was no win- terkill. There was no snow or ice so there was no damage from oxy- gen deficiency. The sunshine factor was on the good side. December and Year Wetter and Warmer Rainfall for the month, as re- corded at State Bog, East Ware- ham, was 5.84 inches, while the normal for December is only 3.90. Despite the drought conditions of early last summer precipitation during the year as a whole was heavy, there having been no less than 62.57 inches, while the mean is 44.31. All bogs which normally have winter flowage have ample supplies and most are covered. May Hold Late in Spring If January weather is favorable, many growers intend to withdraw water for a breather. It is under- stood many may hold water late next spring in an attempt to im- prove berry quality. Brief Cold Snap There was a sudden cold snap on December 17 and 18, with a low of 8.5 on the morning of the latter. This caused a warning to be sent out by Dr. Cross to flood. Up to the 15th the weather had been un- duly warm and vines were tender. It was feared if high winds and frozen floor conditions prevailed there might be damage. But the snap was brief and probably no hurt came anywhere. 1953 Very Warm Year December ended chilly with a 27th on the final day, but the 1953 as a whole was an exceedingly warm twelve month. The month was a sound plus 233 above normal (Boston). The year itself rang up a grand total of 1055 degrees (Boston) above the average. The trend toward warmer weather for New England is continuing. The U. S. Weather long range forecast issued December 31 for January was above nornial in New England and for the Northwest. Colder for the remainder of the country. The 12-acre State Bog at East Wareham, last fall was among those having larger crops in Mas- sachusetts. Production was ap- proximately 800 barrels, with an average yield per acre of about 65 barrels as against the state average of 45. NEW JERSEY "Freak" November Snow The Pemberton weather for this period was slightly cooler and wet- ter than normal. The average tem- perature was 45.8°F., about .6 cooler than normal, while there was 3.64 inches of precipitation, about .41 of an inch above normal. On the 6th of November an unheralded "freak" snow storm, one of the earliest on record for this part of the country, blanketed the eai'th with a snow cover of 2.5 inches. However, a rainfall of 1.66 inches on the 7th caused all of the snoiv to dissipate within 48 hours. December Warmest on Record This was the warmest December on record for Pemberton. The record temperature was 39.9°, which was 4.5° above normal and .3° warmer than December, 1936. There were 15 days in this month in which the temperature went to 50 °F., or above and 6 days in which a reading of more than 60 °F. was attained. The monthly maxi- mum of 65°F. occurred on 3 days —the 7th, 9th and 10th. Precipi- tation amounted to a total of 3.32 inches, which occurred on 6 rainy days. This was .86 of an inch greater than the normal for December. A Year of Extremes Summary for 1953. The weath- er at Pemberton during 1953 was another year of extremes. In sum- mary, it was a very wet and mild spring, a very hot and dry summer, a warm and dry fall, and an ex- tremely mild winter. The average temperature for the year was 55.47 °F. compared to the normal of 54.42°. The total precipitation was 47.24 inches, 4.23 inches above normal. The early months of the year, January through May, were excessively rainy, with 25 inches falling, 9 inches above normal. However, during the warm part of the year, June through September, only 13.31 inches of rain fell, 4.5 inches less than normal. Although the total rainfall during the sum- mer months does not appear to be hurtfully insufficient, the soil be- Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1. Growers suplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. §eyen came extremely dry and plants suf- fered from drought because of long- intervals between adequate soaking rains. While most growers planned to put the winter flood on dui'ing the holidays so that the cranberry bogs would be completely flooded by January 1, only a few had been able to get a satisfactory head due to shortage of water by that date. OREGON According- to off^icials of various marketing organizations the Ban- don area harvested its i-ecord pro- duction last fall of approximately 30,000 barrels. This is almost dou- ble production of 1952. Of the 30,000 barrels, about 26,- 000 were sent to the NCA cannery at Coquille, the i-est being mar- keted fresh. Three organizations participated in the marketing, NCA, Coos Cranberry Co-operative which is a member of Eatmor, and Bandon Cranberry Cooperative. EATMOR BERRIES ABOUT CLEANED UP Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., berries were well sold out by the end of the year, and it was expected fruit to be placed on the fresh market would be completely gone by mid- January. ^^Del" Hammond Leaves Wisconsin Sales Company Wi'I Renresent Large 'Cello Container Company in East from Boston. Carleton Delano Hammond, Jr., p.-eneral manager and secretary of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Com- pany of Wisconsin Rapids, Wise, since August, 1946, has re- signed that position effective as of the end of January. His resigna- tion was tendered to the directors sometime ago, has been accepted, and he plans to leave Wisconsin Rapids February 1. He is to enter the emnloy of the Dobeckmun Com- pany of Cleveland, Ohio, with head- quarters in that city, as eastern sales representative. Dobeckmum was probably the first to supply cellophane containei-s for the cran- berry industry. "Del" Hammond will make his headquarters at 43 Leon Street, Boston, Mass., after spending sev- eral weeks in Cleveland in a train- ing program. His family will re- main in Wisconsin until his resi- dence there is disposed of and he finds a new location in or around Boston. He succeeded Vernon Golds- worthy as manager, the latter hav- ing held the post from 1933 until 1946. Hammond went to Wiscon- sin with an excellent cranberry background, being a member of one of the most prominent cranberry growing families in Massachusetts. He has been interested in cranber- ries most of his life. When he left Massachusetts he v»as treasurer of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association and active in many ways. He con- tinued active participation in many ci anberry projects in Wisconsin. He appeared as a guest on several TV shows over WTMJ, Milwaukee for the past two years on cranberry programs and has made many radio broadcasts. Last December there was a half-hour TV show over WBAY, Green Bay, Wisconsin. "Del," in his new capacity will still be connected with cranber- ries. STARTING 1954! And the time is here to review the past and make plans for the future. RESOLVE, that ELECTRICITY shall play a larger part — in your cranberry work and in your home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM TEL 200 PLYMOUTH TEL 1300 EATMOR CONSIDERS NCA CONTRACT Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., di- rectors on Jan. 4, held an all-day meeting. New Bedford Hotel, New Bedford, Mass., discussing the pro- posed contract with National Cran- berry Association concerning allo- cation of Eatmor's crop. Under this contract Eatmor would pro- vide NCA with a percentage of its crop for processing, figure most frequently mentioned being 30-40' percent, for a period of three years. No action was taken but the mat- ter was referred back to the State units of Eatmor, which would actu- ally turn over the fruit. Theodore H. Budd of New Jer- sey, president of Eatmor, presided and others included: from New Jersey in addition to Mr. Budd, Tom Darlington; Wisconsin, Dan Rezin, president, Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Company; Charles L. Lewis, Clarence A. Searles, Tony Jonjak; Massachusetts, Homer L. Gibbs, president. New England Cranberry Sales Company; Russell Makepeace, Robert Hammond, George Briggs and Kenneth Gar- side, NCA director representative to Eatmor and general manager, Harold E. Bryant, Eight Conduct Real "Empire in the Pines" Cufts Brothers Of New Jersey Sound Operators By CLARENCE J. HALL This comes back as a pleasant memory of last summer — now that cold weather is here again — of a visit to the Cutts Brothers of New Jersey, growers of cranberries and blueberries in that state and in North Carolina. Inspired to grow cranberries by their father, John (retired) who started more than 50 years ago, these four brothers to- day are doing- a beautiful job in both blueberry and cranberry grow- ing. They present an unusual ex- ample of teamwork in a family. They have achieved what is really a self-supporting "empire" in the Pines of South Jersey, where they own large acreage. The broth- ers are John E., who is usually spokesman for the group, Ross, Walter and Ernest. It was at the height of the blue- berry harvest season that we ap- peared at their main property at Harrisville, post office address Vin- centown. Blueberries were on the minds of the Cutts at the moment. He Made Us Get to Work Now, John is no Simon Legree, yet the first words he said after greetings to myself and Mrs. Hall were : "Come on. Get out in the field and pick some blueberries." He handed each of us a picking box. Then he started right in himself, again, continuing his work. We tried to pick, but certainly weren't very good at it. He frankly said so. "If I was hiring you, I'd fire you already," he said to me after a few minutes. "Look at all the stems you are putting in. That berry is too small. That one isn't ripe enough." He said Mrs. Hall, associate editor of Cranberries, was doing much better, although equal- ly lacking in experience. John E. Cutts picks the cultivated blueberries on his plantation. (CRANBERRIES Photo) The temperature out in the field was about 120, he said, and we were willing to believe it was. He kept on picking and putting the filled boxes in the tray. Finally he called out, "That's enough." Then he took us back to his packing house. A little later he had nailed up a full crate of the ber- ries, including those we had picked and asked our home address. "There," he said, "these will go in the mail and be home when you get there. And .1 think you will like them." We knew that would be true, because we had already eaten about every fourth one we had taken off the bushes. N»»9 The Cutis Have 100 Acres in Blueberries In all the Cutts have 100 acres set to blueberries, in a single piece. Fifty acres of this is in Covilles, which are recognized as a good comnTercial variety, a really big blueberry which can cover a quar- ter and easily hides a nickel. They can harvest 1,000 trays of these a day, each tray having 12 pint box- es. Their other varieties are Wey- mouths, Concords, Earli Blue and Herberts. About 30,000 crates are considered a good crop in New Jer- sey. They first began to cultivate the big blues in 1933, at a spot called Calico, which is where the Jersey plantings still are. The property is entirely surrounded by deer fence to keep these destructive animals out. Blueberry picking is done four days a week as the berries ripen and are then sent to market im- mediately. There is no harvesting on Fridays. As other New Jersey growers of cultivated blueberries have done, the Cutts bought property in North Carolina, their holdings, about 1500 acres being in Ivanhoe, which is near the city of Wilmington. The Carolina blues ripen about five weeks earlier than in New Jersey and so open the market for the cultivated fruit; then the Jerseys come along in mid-summer. The Cutts sell through the Tru- Blu co-op, with headquarters at New Lisbon, New Jersey. Primarily Cranberry Growers Even though they are in blue- berries in a big way, the Cutts consider themselves primarily cranberry growers. As stated, their father, now 82, began with two pieces of bog about 1900, these being at the so-called "home place," Tabernacle. So the boys were brought up in the cranberry busi- ness. The brothers began building bog in about 1929 — before they went in- to blueberries, and of course blue- berry cultivation is relatively re- cent compared to the long-estab- lished cranberry industry in Jer- sey. The Cutts now have about 80 acres in vines, but only about 8 or 9 are in full-bearing, the rest being set. They get good produc- tion, several times having had 100 barrels to the acre, and have gone over 200 barrels to the acre. They have only a single variety, the pop- ular Early Black. A Darlington mechanical picker is used on the bogs and they also have employed about 30 Puerto Ricans during the harvesting sea- son. Building Bog All the Time "We are building bog, all the time," says John. They have good water supply and soil for their cranberries, blueberries and other crops — and there is no question but that they farm their holdings well. In new bog construction, their building is conscientious. They take out all stumps, level by bull- dozers, so that all areas may be lightly flooded by gravity. The bog land is savannah, which often does very well in New Jersey. Water is used intensively, both gravity and by portable sprinkler irrigation (4,000 feet of pipe) with Mrs. John Cutts iiieiiaied a bounteous picnic lunch, served in tlie luicking house, consisting of many kinds of cold meats, salads, relishes and home-baked blueberry pies, mostly foods of the farm. Left to right, enjoying it are: Mrs. Hall, associate editor of Cranberries; Mr. Cutts, C. J. Hall, editor; Mrs. Cutts and Charles A. Doehlert, Jersey Cranberr,v Research. Ten Skinner heads. A two-mile canal has been dug from the bogs, which are in two sections, to the blue- berry field at Calico. There water is run slowly between the rows of bushes. "We Water Everything" "We can, and do water anything and everything," comments John. Their water supply is from Beaver Run, going into the bog reservoir. At the blueberry plantation there is a 30x80 warehouse used for sort- ing and packing both cranberries and blueberries. This is light and airy, but they intend to build an- other structure at a different point of their property, as their inter- ests continue to grow. A most interesting featui'e of the Cutts Brothers' operation is their farm, of which Ernest, the young- est, has the most active supervi- sion. They raise beef cattle, chick- ens and have extensive truck gar- dens. "We will always have some- thing to eat" seems to be one of their practical mottoes. The Cutts are members of Na- tional Cranberry Association. They have been frequent visitors at meetings in Massachusetts. John was president of the Amer- ican Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion in 1950. He is currently chair- man of the water and forestry committee of that over-all organ- ization, taking an active interest in these natural resources of South Jersey, both of which have caused considerable grave concern in re- cent years. Believes in Co-operation The Cutts are cheerful about cranberry growing and finn be- lievers in co-operation. John declares, "I think the best thing that ever happened to the cranberry business was when the slump cance along. It woke every- body up. Now our marketing agen- cies are able to handle the crop. "When I was a little fellow I remember many barrels of cran- berries were dumped every year. You can't grow cranberries with- out canning plants." In conclusion, he avers, "I am not, and never have been dis- couraged about the cranberry in- dustry at any time," OUR COOPERATIVES Their Strength and Their Weaknesses EDITOR'S NOTE: Mr. Brett is a Trustee of the University of Massachusetts, Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture and president of the Colonial Cranberry Company, with boes at Greene, R. 1.) By Alden C. Brett Our industry has passed through stormy weather and if I may play the part of a business weather prophet, there seems as yet to be no sure sign that the storm has finally abated. It is little comfort to us that this condition has not been confined to the cranberry industry; in fact, all agriculture, if unsupported, seems tobe subject to ups and downs which have proved to be more violent and devasting than those which affect manufacturing or financial enterprises. These conditions we have come to accept somewhat complacently as inherent in our system of private enterprise. On the other hand, if our agricultural system in the long run is to provide a better way of life for those of us who elect to seek a livelihood under it, we must find some way to regulate our affairs so that the effect of these ups and downs will be minimized. Although the cranberry industry is important to us, it is not a large industry; further than that it is made up of numerous small producing units. We see in industry generally and in other branches of agriculture a steady trend toward bigness. Larger plants, larger acreages, more expensive and efficient equipment making necessary larger mvestnient. Perhaps the cranberry industry is headed in that direction and perhaps we are foolhardy to try to keep our small producers in business and buck this trend. We have problems which seem to indicate that this may be so, but I for one am not ready to concede that this is necessary or desirable. The advantages of bigness lie in the control of adequate capita giving the abihty to ride through periods of depression, m better control ^f thS marketing operation, in larger and more efficient e^-PJ-^f ^ for growing and processing, in the ability to promote -^ P°P^l-f ^ brand, in the ability to hire good management, and m the ability to co- ordinate, plan and execute on a large scale. These advantages have long been recognized and we have undertaken to obtain them for ourselves by set- ting up cooperatives to serve us. In theory, a cooperative should be able to secure for its members as a group most of these advantages which go with bigness. It should be able to assemble adequate capi- tal to carry it over seasonal peaks; it should be able to provide efficient handling and processing facilities; it should be able to produce for the market in commercial quantity a standardized, graded product; it should be able to secure public ac- ceptance through sales promotion and advertising; it should be able to carry on statistical and economic studies aimed at stabilizing the in- dustry and in general do all those things for the members of the co- operative group which each alone would not be able to do for himself. Our agricultural cooperatives also have obvious advantages based in law and government policy over regularly incorporated industrial enterprise which it is unnecessary to go into. These are elements of strength in the cooperative system which we have very properly attempted to use to the benefit of our industry. Ir spite of all this, however, the record over the last ten years is not one to be proud of. We have seen prices fluctuate between un- warranted extremes. One of our major cooperatives has been forced to undergo a financial reorganiza- tion, surpluses have accumulated and growers' mortgages have been foreclosed. A Critical Look at Our Structure It behooves us, therefore, to look critically at the structure we have erected and ferret out its elements of weakness, for such there must he. The service originally expected from our cooperatives begins as soon as our berries are picked and Eleven includes all the marketing func- tions. In addition these services have been expanded at times to in- clude financial assistance both long term loans for bog- purchases and short term crop loans, purchase of supplies for members and bog serv- ice. All this may be good if properly handled; in any event, we thought so at the time and our cooperatives equipped themselves to render these services. It was necessary to pro- vide competent personnel, physical facilities such as screen houses and processing plants, to carry in- ventories, to invest in advertising to create customer good will and es- tablish brand names. All this re- quired capital and it might be well for us to take a moment to inquire as to the source of these funds and whether our cooperatives have been wise in their financial management. It is obvious that the capital re- quirements of a cooperative which sells fresh fruit and does that only will be much less than the require- ments of a cooperative which cans the fruit and disti'ibutes the pro- cessed product. The fresh fruit cooperative requires fixed "apital for screen houses and packaging facilities and working capital for supplies, advances and receivables. The processing cooperative in addi- tion to these requirements must Protects Cranguymal Long Beach, Wash. SPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinkler«. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today without obligation. Sprlnhir Irrlgitlon tisocltllen NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA kPJNY SPRINKLER SALES, 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, ILL, have capital to provide processing plants and storage facilities, berry inventories to make possible con- tinuous operation, packaging sup- plies and a stock of finished goods. If either indulges in the practice of making bog loans as both our ma- jor cooperatives did for a time several years ago, it must have an additional supply of fixed capital to meet these requirements. The obviously sound soui'ce of capital for the operation of a co- operative is the members them- selves. This can be and usually is accompanied by withholding from patronage payments a fixed amount per production unit which is re- tained over a period of years as a rotating fixed capital fund. If the withholding period is ten years, this presupposes that the fixed capital requirements of the cooperative will not exceed ten times the annual withliolding. In other words, if the National Cranberry Association is tc handle over the next ten years, on the average, 500,000 barrels of berries annually and pay for these berries $12 per barrel, and the with- holding rate is set at 10 percent or $1.20 per barrel, the capital which will be supplied from this source and reserved in the company's treasury at the end of the ten years period will be $6,000,000. Let us see how this stacks up against the requirements of the Na- tional Cranberry Association using the May 31, 1953 balance sheet. On that date, the National Cranberry Association had total assets of roughly $8,450,000 taking the plants at their depreciated value. Against this it had Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses of $411,000, giv- ing a balance to be supported by capital or loans of 88,340,000. I shall not attempt to refine these figures or argue whether May 31 iy the proper time of year to present such a financial statement. My pur- pose is simply to indicate that with a withholding of 10 percent on a rotating- ten-year basis and reason- able borrowings, the National Cran- berry Association could be ade- quately financed. Co-op Should Be Self-Supporting Enterprises I have taken you through this l:nc of reasoning for the simple jiurpose of illustrating the' first ele- ( Continued on Page 14) Twelve Vol. 18-No. 9 ISSUE OF JANUARY 1954 (j •:>0H»iCR^a««,^^H^ THRESHOLD OF 1954 EVERYBODY knows we produced the biggest cranberry crop ever, in 1953, and it seems pretty well understood that we may expect million-barrel crops with some degree of regularity. Of this produc- tion, approximately 500,000 barrels were sold fresh, a record also. This sale was beyond any question made possible by agressive marketing and advertising. A half million or more barrels were sold processed, and again this could not have been done without "relentless" advertis- ing and marketing. Despite the huge quantities of cran- berries which were grown and will reach market, this has not been too happy a year for all growers. Some are more satisfied than others. The two main co-ops are in discussion over allocation between their portion of the crop, there is not complete harmony. Perhaps not too much could have been expected in the line of entirely satisfactory prices, with so many cranberries to be disposed of. There has been greater dis- tress with other crops this past year. May- be cranberries did not do too badly all things considered — remember more berries were sold this year than in any other previous year. Cranberries are relatively unimportant in the vast competitive markets of today. We are not accustomed, yet, to get rid of 1,000,000 barrels in a single year, and at the same time getting top prices for all. Emphasis next year will be placed upon growing quality fruit — -we need qual- ity to sell such a quantity. In the thoughtful article by Alden C. Brett in this issue — which we recommend be carefully read and digested, Mr. Brett states "there is yet no sure sign the storm (which has plagued the industry for sev- eral years) has finally abated." But, he goes on, that in his opinion, "our industry has potential far beyond those already realized." In this we concur. It must be so, or we lose out. IT IS always a time of regret when the announcement that a long-time member of the cranberry industry is to leave it. Prof. D. J. Crowley, who retired, as of the first of the year, as director of the Washing- ton State Cranberry-Blueberry laboratory after more than 30 years left the total of CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin C. D. HAMMOND, Jr. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Washington — Oregon J. D. CROWLEY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey cranberry cultural knowledge increased, particuariy, of course, on the West Coast. However, he will not leave cranberry grow- ing, as he intends, probably, to become an active grower in his own right. C. D. "Del" Hammond, Jr., resigning as general managerof Wisconsin Cranberr j Sales Company has served that organiza-! tion since August, 1946. "Del", coming from an important Cape Cod cranberry growing family, and knowing cranberries practically all his life, enters another field. This, though, will have a connection with cranberries, so he is not completely leaving cranberries. To both men, continued success in their new efforts, as they have achieved in the past. Thirteen Strength and Weakness (Continued from Page 12) merit of strength of our co- operatives, namely that with proper financial management, a co- operative may have within itself an adequate source of capital. It can and I believe should be operated as a self-supporting enterprise, turning its capital on a long term cycle fited to the requirements of the business. I do not wish to be critical or commendatory as to the past or present financial policies pursued by our cooperatives. It perhaps has been unfortunate that there have been other sources of capital funds which have been too easily avail- able. It has perhaps been too easy to step outside the primary function of selling- the member's berries and yield to the demands of inadequate- ly financed growers to assist them in their personal financial problems of acquiiing or developing new bogs or carrying on current operations. I would suggest that any of you who ai-e members of cooperatives consult the record on this point, bearing in mind that if your co- operative decides to set itself up in the banking business, you must bo ready and willing to pay out of your patronage receipts any losses it may sustain, because you and only you are the final source of funds. This then I shall characterize as a weakness of the cooperative sys- tem; we as members are both sup- pliers and part owners of the en- terprise and as such we not only participate fully in the profits, but we must also bear our share of the losses. It should give us food for thought that although we are in this ex- posed position, we lack in a con- siderable degree some of the safe- guards which protect the stock- holder in a privately incorporated enterprise. If the business of our cooperative is poorly managed, the effect on us is automatic, we simply receive less for our berries. At present we have no means of judg- ing whether our canning cooper- ative is operating efficiently, whether it purchases its supplies economically or whether its labor costs are in line. In other words, we lack any competitive standard of comparison and for the same reason the management of our co- operative lacks the incentive of competitive efficiency. It is not driven by the whip of competition as reflected in the Profit and Loss statement. Any hidden inefficiency is simply charged against us and we pay the bill. These are serious weaknesses. For this reason if this condition is to continue we must make sure that as a first requisite our co- NOW IS THE TIME To Try Some Constructive Thinking And Planning For The Coming Season What to budget for weed control, insect control, sanding, and other bog "musts". It is an e.xcellent time to review those seldom-checked insurance policies. Are they up-to-date, are they adequate, are they written at the lowest possible cost? Call on us for experienced assistance in making this review. Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock fi-08;j(l operative have best possible top management in the form of capable, alert and active boards of directors. We may find it difficult to find such men within our membership, but our cooperatives are big business and they require the direction of men skilled in finance, production and sales. The difFculty of enlist- ing the services of such men is an- other inherent weakness. "We Must Supply The Answers" What then is the solution of our problem ? I do not have adequate knowledge of our industry for me to be dogmatic, but we must some- how supply the answers. Our prob- lem is a two-sided one. First we have fresh fruit which must be distributed in a field characterized by active competition. The experi- ence of Eatmor during this past selling season will bear out that fact. These competitive pressures, together with limitations of time and buying customs make difficult the planning of marketing pro- grams, the maintenance of adequate prices and the disposal of surpluses. The other side of the problem is that of the processed berries. Here we have an entirely different situ- ation. National Cranberry Associ- ation lacks entirely competition from another cooperative. So far a? independent canners are con- cerned, it would indeed be folly for one of these to indulge in price com- petition. National's cost of raw material is not determined until after the sale is made. Canned Consumption Increasing During the last several years the consumption of canned fruit and vegetables of all kinds has been increasing and cranberries have been no exception to this trend. How far this switch from fresh to canned berries will go be- yond the present 60-40 ratio it is hard to say, but we have no indi- cation as yet that this trend has run its course. I believe that no one will dispute the fact that this has been a good thing for the industry. It has broadened the market, increased consumption, lengthened the sell- ing season, enabled the product to reach remote consumers and created a means for handling the surplus. If we are to fit our plan of dis- tribution into the pattern of con- sumption, in theory at least, each Fourtsen of our major cooperatives should have ready access to both the fresh and the processed fruit markets. This will permit a more flexible grading of the pi'oduct and the creation of an inventory cushion of processed goods to compensate for the variation in prodviction from one season to another. Lacking- the ability to do this within its own control, the distrib- utor of fresh fruit whether co- operative or independent is in the difficult position of being obliged to sell as fresh fruit the full produc- tion of its patrons regardless of quality, quantity or the competi- tive condition of the market. One obvious suggestion is a sin- gle cooperative handling the bulk of the industry's product in both the fresh and processed markets, I believe healthy competition is good for any industry and I would expect that the Department of Jus- tice would take a dim view of any such arrangement. Eatmor Into Canning? You may ask the question? "Are you recommending that Eatmor go into the canning business ? " If you can suggest to me a better method of securing an orderly distribution of the crop, one which will enable each cooperative to utilize by choice the outlet which will produce the highest return by recognizing qua- lity differences in size, color and condition and one which will pro- duce a healthy competitive situation between our cooperatives and thus assure efficient opei'ation in each, I will withdraw my suggestion. You will probably avoid meeting this question head on and will say to me, "But we have had a work- ing arrangement between our two major cooperatives designed to take care of these problems.' I think I need not reply to this, the pi'esent situation speaks for itself. Industry Still Has Potential There will always be surpluses and shortages because we are en- gaged in an agricultural industry, but the effect of these can be mini- mized by careful planning and ag- gressive development of the mar- ket. There will always be price cutters so long as we producers are willing to furnish them with berries to sell. There will always be good seasons and bad, good growers and poor growers, but it is my opinion that our industry still has potential far beyond those furnisli us with a satisfactory liveli- already realized and that it should hood for many years to come. InJimipail Organized marketing is vital for a seasonal specialty such as cranberries. INDIAN TRAIL is a part of organized marketing. Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN TO CONTROL CRANBERRY FRUIT WORM. rROTENONE and RVAN/A ^ ADEQU ADEQUATE STOCKS AVAILABLE Fifteen BOC SUMP IS MADE IN A FEW HOURS An ordinary Mobile Unit clam- shell shovel, "35 ft. boom, (left) takes its first bite out of a small mud puddle, as the first step in making- a sump hole for bog flow- age. Below is shown a portion of the sump and pile of earth moved after 10 hours. The entire job was completed in about 20. The property shown is that of "Joe" Kelley, cranberry expert of the Massachusetts Cranberry Ex- periment Station, located off Great Neck Road, East Wareham. The upper end of the Kelley Bog ha; had insufficient water supplies. Mi'. Kelley had a State survey and study made of the water possibilities and a never-ceasing strata of water about eight feet below the surface was discovered. Surface of the sump is well above bog level and water may be sent down for ditch irrigation and even for sprinkler coverage in dry weather or frost 'jont)-ol. It is hoped to have 100 to 150 gallons a minute flowage available. There is nothing unusual in such a proceeding. It is simply another example of how easily and quickly modern equipment can make im- provement, and hence the larger crops of today are possible. Sixteen NCA EXPECTS JAUNARY $1 ADVANCE NCA announces it expects to pay an additional dividend, probably in January- Earnings from sales are good, it is said and large enough to justify a payment of $1. NCA TO PROMOTE LIMITED COCKTAIL SALES CAMPAIGN ■ For the first time National Cran- berry Asociation declare^, it ha", enough berries of proper standard on hand to promote cranberry juice cocktails. Cocktail has been made in limited supply in the past but not in sufficient quantity to justify a marketing program. A campaign has been launched in New England, New York, Philadel- phia, Chicago, Washington, Los Angeles, San Francisco. The plant at Hanson, Mass., produces the en-,/ tire supply and it is shipped to othei- plants for distribution. FOe SALE Searles vines free of weeds. State inspected. $175 a ton de- livered in Wisconsin in truck- load lots. 5150 F. O. B., Hay- ward, Wis. Weighed sprinkled but not soal.ed in water. Run through cuttsr free if desired. Tony Jonjak Hayward, Wis. I International D 11 Harvester PUMPS and POWER UNITS CROP SAVER IRRIGATION INTERNATIONAL TRACTORS Now is the time to schedule Winter repairs and overhaul. We offer complete shop service. lELD- BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. Phone E. B. East Bridge-water 8-2761 Eatmor Cranberries BEST WISHES TO CRANBERRY GROWERS EVERYWHERE FOR A HAPPY AND PROSPEROUS 1954. New England Cranberry Sales Company (The Cranberry Cooperative) Telephone 200 9 Station Street, Middleboro, Mass. The New Year traditionally is a time when cranberry growers take inventory and make plans for the future. It now seems apparent that 1953 was a successful year for Eatmor despite the price cutting tactics of some of our competitors that for a time threatened the collapse of the entire fresh cranberry deal. For- tunately Eatmor was able to prevent this market collapse and make it possible for its growers and the entire industry to move a near record volume of fresh fruit. EATMOR CRANBERRIES, Inc. The only nationally advertised name in fresh cranberries. 5 South Sixth Street New Bedford, Mass. SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHIN6T0K STANLEY SWITLIK, Parachute Manufacturer and Cranberry Grower. Story page 8. (CRANBERRIES Photo) 30 Cents FEBRUARY 1954 This DJetuie illustrates Dave Pixdi's iiariuw In, ininion in the Grayland section, Washington. Details of Washington Bog Dave Pryde's Bog in Grayland, Washington — This picture illus- trates the long narrow bog common in the Grayland section. Many growers own bogs in what was once swamp and the long way of their bog is the short distance of the original swamp. 1. Mr. Pryde's home near the highway. 2. Garage, tool shed and storage house. .3. Neighbors' home. 4. Small reservoir and pump- house for sprinklers in the middle of Mr. Pryde's bog. The reservoir receives part of the run-off from the bog. 5. Locomotive and weed spray equipment on standard gauge track over the center ditch which is covered with plank for a walk. 6. Ditch which separates Mr. Pryde's bog from his neighbors. 7. The main reservoir. 8. Top of the main pumphouse. 9. Ramp on which trucks are ba'jked to dump sand in the hopper. 10. Sand hopper which holds sev- eral loads of sand. This hopper is high enough to allow two sanding \ cars to be backed under it and filled by gravity. The main reservoir has a fairly rapid recharge rate from the near- by hill. Most of the reservoirs in Grayland ai-e small and recharged from underground supplies. On the Pacific Coast flooding for frost protection is almost never used. The other end of Dave Pryde's bog was pictureed in the November issue of CRANBERRIES on page Potter Heads Growers Croup Gerald Potter, Warrens, was elected president of the Wiscon- sin State Cranberry Growers' Asso- ciation at the organization's annual meeting Januai'y 28. About 75 growers, including a group from northern Wisconsin, attended despite icy roads. James S c h n a b e 1, Wisconsin Rapids, was elected vice president and Leo Sorenson, Wisconsin Rap- ids, secretary-treasurer. Potter held the vice presidency last year and succeeds Ralph Sampson, Three Lakes, while Sorenson suc<-ef'ds himself. Wisconsin's 1953 cranberry crop slightly topped 295,000 barrels, Sor- enson said, averaging better than 80 barrels per acre in production. This compares with 238,000, the previous top, in 1948 and 196,000 in 1952. A national yield of 1,2.30,000 barrels in 1953 far surpassed the previous recoi'd of 975,000 in 1950. Speakers at the meeting were H. F. Bain and L. E. Dana, Wis- consin Rapids; A. R. Albert, R. H. Roberts, M. E. Dana, and George Klingbeil, College of Agriculture, and Hubert Halliday, State Depart- ment of Agriculture, Madison. SLOW ACTION! During the past year we have ofl'ered several times to exchange cranberry literature and we have just received a list of seventeen titles which the owner will ex- change for other articles or bulletins. We have also been in- formed there is a laboratory which does some work on cran- berries and the staflT wishes to have a copy of the bulletin by Shear, Stevens and Bain, "Fun- gus Diseases of the Cultivated Cranbei'ry", in their library. ASSUMES POST IN FEBRUARY Charles C. Doughty, who succeeds D. J. Crowley as superintendent of Cranberry-Blueberry Experiment Station at Long Beach, Washington is 38 years of age, married and has two sons aged 7 years and 7 months. His parents are Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Doughty of Kansas City, Kansas. "Chuck" as he is commonly known, attended High School in Independence, Missouri. He served 4% years with the Air Forces dur- ing World War II. He has since completed a B. S. degree at Kansas State College, Manhattan, Kansas and at the present is working to- ward a Ph. D. degree at Washing- ton State College, Pullman, Wash. He is a member of the honor frater- nities of Alpha Zeta, Phi Kappa Phi and Gamma Sigma Welta. He is also an active member of the Methodist Church. He assumed his post on Feb. 1. BANDON NOW PLANNING 19.54 HARVEST EVENT Bandon, Oregon has already be- gun the preparation of plans for the 1954 Harvest Festival. At a meeting of the Festival committee the Bandon Lions Club was cho- sen as sponsor of the organization for next year. The purpose of the Lions in taking over the sponsorship is two-fold; it feels it is the duty of the business people of Bandon to give more support to the Festival association, and it feels that by methods possible for promotion by the Lions considerable money can be earned through the annual event. Officers and key personnel for the 1954 Festival are to be elected shortly. MISS .lEAN NASH AGAIN HEADS WISCONSIN CRANBERRY SALES CO. Miss Jean Nash of Wisconsin Rapids, who was formerly presi- dent of Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company, has succeeded Dan Rezin as head of that group. Election was at Elks Home, Wisconsin Rapids, January 8. Other officers named are vice- president, Newell Jasperson, Cran- moor; secretary-treasurer, Ralph Sampson of the Rapids and Three Lakes. C. D. Hammond, who re- signed as of the first of the year formerly held these offices as well as the post of general manager. Elected to the board of directors; Miss Nash, Jasperson, John Rob- erts, Haywood; Howard Folsom, Manitowish; Arthur T. Janke, Millstron; Keith Bennett, Warrens iind Ervin Van Wormer, Babcock. Annual reports were read and business operations reviewed. After this, members joined with members of Midwest Cranberry Co-operative for a combined ban- quet at the Elks River room with 168 attending. Dan Rezin, whom Miss Nash succeeded as president, was toastmaster. FRIENDS HONOR THE CROWLEYS AT LONG BEACH A reception, honoring Mr. and Mrs. D. J. Crowley was held Janu- ary 8th at the Long Beach Com- munity Church, Washington. Mr. Crowley resigned as superintendent of the Long Beach Cranberry-Blue- berry laboratory January first. In 1947 the Washington State college board of regents gave Mr. Crowley the title of assistant horticulturalist and in 1951 his title was changed to include associate plant pathologist and associate entomologist. Men like to be listened to — women listen to be liked. RICHARD BEATTIE, in his "Mass. Field Notes" in the January issue of "Cranberries" reports that: "Many more harvesting machines were made and put into use during the Fall of 1953. There appears to be an increasing interest in these for harvesting the crop." Practically all of these Harvesting Machines were Western Pickers, and this means that one out of seven barrels harvested in Massachusetts was done by Western Pickers. Does this mean anything to you? The price is now $837.00. Nearly any kind of terms can be arranged. address orders to WESTERN PfCKERS, ENC. 1172 Hemlock Ave., Coos Bay, Oregon One SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros, Cape & Vineyard Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouch Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES Expert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts usea Hall & Cole Established 1848 Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. EQUIPMENT HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS. The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry men Funds always available for sound loans PUMPS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION PICKING MACHINES Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 62i ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES Two DIRECTORY FOR CI^NBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlinsrton 74, MaSB. Tel. AR 6-6100, 6-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters ^MBk Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Cooperative Farm Credit 4y2% — 10 year Federal Land Bank Loans Short Term Operating Capital National Farm Loan Association of Bridgewater 10 Main Street Bridgewater, Massachusetts Farmers Producing Credit Association of Taunton Corner Weir and High Streets Taunton, Massachusetts Three iViass^ Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extention Cranberry Specialist Our unusually mild winter en- joyed through November, Decem- ber, and early January came to an abrupt halt in mid-January. The last half of the month reminded the writer of conditions sometimes experienced in northei-n Vermont. Sub-zero temperatures were re- corded at the Cranberry Experi- ment Station on four different days while snow accumulated to a depth of nearly a foot. We at the Station did not hesitate to remind Dr. Franklin of his earlier prediction of a mild winter. However, we tempered our remarks realizing- that winter is far from over and that Dr. Franklin has an amazing- ly accurate forecasting record. His knowledge of weather is almost uncanny. Growers will be inter- ested to know that he is again analyzing weather data as it re- lates to cranberry production — one of his favorite subjects. The accumulation of ice and snow in January created a rather serious oxygen deficiency problem on many bogs. Oxygen tests made by George Rounsville of this Station and those made by other cranberry people indicated that the dissolved oxygen content of the flood waters dropped well below the danger point of 5 cc. per liter. Since time was an im- poi'tant factor a news release was prepared and sent to the press and radio to remind growers of the problem. We suggested that the winter flood be withdrawn from under the ice wherever ample water supplies were available for re- flooding. The water was withdrawn from a considerable acreage of bogs. As of February 1, weather condi- tions have not warranted reflooding of these bogs. We suggest that February is a good month to check bogs for green scum. It is usually found near the ditches and appeai-s as a Four light green film over the vines. The past history of the scum problem is a dependable guide as to whether treatments will be necessary. Cer- tain bogs have a scum problem nearly every year while others, like the State Bog, seldom require treat- ment. Probably the cheapest meth- od is to broadcast fine crystals of copper sulfate on the ice at the rate of 10 pounds per acre in February and again in March if ncessary. Since this algae starts near the ditches, it is well to give these areas special attention. A word of caution is necessary since copper sulfat* is harmful to fish life. Therefore, a reasonable period of time should elapse before draining off the win- ter flood into any flsh pond or stream after treating for scum. Further details concerning these treatments are found in the Weed Control Chart. County Agent "Bert" Tomlinson and Club Agent George Brodie, Jr., of the Cape Cod Extension Service, have initiated a 4-H cranberry pro- ject for youngsters in Barnstable County. The project has been ap- proved by the 4-H Club Depart- ment at the University of Massa- chusetts and youngsters interested are now being enrolled. Plans are also being developed in neighbor- ing cranberry counties to offer a similar jjroject to those interested. 4-H Club Agents have been work- ing with our rural youth since be- fore World War I. Their programs have offered a wide selection of projects to our boys and girls. Our industry is fortunate that a cran- berry project has been added to the list in this area. One of the most important phases of 4-H club work is the development of leader- ship. It is an established fact that many of our agricultural leaders today were former 4-H club mem- bers. The writer firmly believes that the future success of the cran- berry industry depends to a major degree on the development of new leadership. Our youngsters in the cranberry area are the potential source of such leadership. However, in order for this venture to be suc- cessful, there must be a sound or- ganization and adults willing to serve as leaders for these clubs. We hope that our various cranberry organizations will lend their whole- hearted support to the 4-H cran- berry club movement. Growers at- tending the cranberry meetings this winter will hear the program discussed in greater detail. The Cranberry Insect, Disease, and Weed Control Charts have been revised and are now being printed. The County Agricultural Agents will mail the new charts to grow- ers in March. The experience and observations of the growers who assisted with this work was a tre- mendous help to the Experiment Station staff. Those attending the cranberry club meetings in January and Feb- ruary heard a progrram discussed that is creating considerable atten- tion on Cape Cod and is spreading to Plymouth and Bristol counties. It is known as the Agricultural Conservation Program. The general purpose of this program is clearly defined in the following statement made by the Secretary of Agricul- ture, E. T. Benson: "The Agricultural Conservation Progiam is an important part, but only a part, of a coordinated effort to help land owners and operators attain soil conservation objectives. The total effort includes research, education, technical assistance, cost-?haring', and such indirect aids as credit. The fundamental purpose of the Agricultural Conservation Program is to provide a means by which the public can share with land owners and operators the cost of carrying out needed conservation work over and above that which they would do with only their own resources. It is our sincere hope that the Agri- tultural Conservation Program will be carried out in such a manner that it will make a marked contribution toward attainment of conservation objectives." The program includes five or six practices dealing with water man- agement that should be of interest to cranberry growers. They include financial and technical assistance in the construction of ditches, dikes, flumes, and underground drainage systems. The Soil Conservation Service Technicians, Agricultural Conservation Program field men. Forest Service personnel, Farm Credit representatives, and County Agricultural Agents are working as a team to assist growers interested in this program. For further de- tails, we suggest that growers con- sult their County Agricultural Agents. Mass Blueberry Growers Meet Members of the Massachusetts Cultivated Blueberry Assoication, meeting at Halifax, January 18th, for the annual meeting, elected J. Herbert Alexander of Middleboro, president for the coming year. Guests discussed the qualities of varieties, with Phillip Marucci, of the New Jersey Cranberry-Blue- berry laboratory, the main speaker. With color slides he explained every known blueberry pest and disease and told how to combat these. In a panel discussion, Prof John S. Bailey of the Massachusetts Ex- periment Station, East Wareham, cautioned growers not to give up the older and more-tried varieties too soon in favor of newer crosses. Dr. W. H. Thies, extension horti- culturalist of the University of Massachusetts, who had recently returned from Yugoslavia, where he was working with the government of that country in an eff^ort to help produce better quality fruit, said it was well to discard inferior older varieties as newer ones became ap- proved. Dr. William E. Tomlinson, Jr., and Dr. F. B. Chandler of the East Wareham station were also speakers. Mr. Alexander, who is carrying on a 25-year breeding program in co-operation with the USDA Ex- periment Station at Beltsville, Md., said he considered the New Jersey "Herbert" as the finest variety yet developed, favoring the "Berkley," Covelle" and "Earliblue" next in that order. Gilbert T. Beaton, Wareham, who is adding five acres, to make a total of 18, said he had not tested newer varieties, but of the older, "Rubel," "Stanley" "Pio- neer" had been money makers for him, and expressed his confidence in the future of cultivated blues in Massachusetts. Choice of J. Carle- ton Foxcroft of East Sandwich, one of the first growers in Massachu- setts, was the new, giant "Berkley," as his favorite of the eai'lier fruit. Other off^icers named besides Mr. Alexander were Maurice Elliott of Hanson, 1st vice president; 2nd vice president, Paul Crosby of Manomet; secretary-treasui'er Miss A. Ryan, WHERE IS IT? The property pictured here is known to quite a few cranberry growers and the family name oc- curs very frequently in CRANBER- RIES. This i.= one of the oldest bogs in its state. Frost protection is ob- tained with sprinklers which are on raised mains and laterals (2 laterals in picture). How are ber- ries harvested ? Can you find two locations where berries are re- moved ? If you have not guessed the ansYvfers turn to page 7. Pembroke and new director, Dr. Gleason L. Archer, retiring presi- dent. Fivp •V/ ^^'"'"'^''"''""'"''o^Zr^b- ISSUE OF FEBRUARY, 1954— VOL. 18 NO. tO Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscription. $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS January Starts Rugged January started in as a tough month with light snow on New Year's day, which made extremely hazardous driving conditions. First 14 days were 61 degrees colder than normal. The worst storm in five years blew in on Sunday afternoon, January 10, starting with a fine fall, turning severe at night it lasted through the 12th with a few spits on the 13th. Total fall as recorded at State Bog, East Wareham, for this storm was 10.5 inches. Extremely cold weather followed the snow, holding it on the ground. There were high, bitter winds on January 17 and on the 18th the temperature dropped to 6 below zero and coldest except for the 14th when it was 8. On the morning of the 19th there was a reading 0 minus 3. The mean temperature for Jan- uary was about three degrees be- low normal making this the cold- est January since 1948. The pre- cipitation for the month was about normal and the snowfall was over 17 inches. The hottest day was January 3 with a temperature of 52 degrees and the coldest was January 14 with a minus 8. The shine for January was plus 28 hours in contrast to January 1953 of a minus 20 hours. In checking the past four years "Fresh from the Field" we find no reports for January below zero. January 1953 we had over 8 inches of precipitation which was much above normal. In January 1952 there was a little ice sanding and this year a few growers sanded on the ice but in the other recent years it has not been possible. 9ix Oxygen Deficiency On the 12th tests at the State Bog, with the snow, on ice two or three inches thick, showed the oxy- gen content of the flood water con- siderably reduced (as did tests the following day.) On the 12th a warn- ing was broadcast through local daily newspapers, suggesting that growers, who could reflow, drop the water to prevent injury to bud and vine. It was noted the water should be lowered fully off the bog surface. As the same conditions continued more growers took off water until much acreage had been dropped. Tests showed that much bog water was under the critical point of five percent, set by Dr. Bergman as dangerous. With several growers cooperating, it is hoped the experi- ence will add to the general knowl- edge of the situation. How much damage was being done will not be known until in the spring. Students Choose "Cranberries" This time of year schools and colleges request term papers of the students and there are always a few that choose or are assigned cranberries. The students make the rounds of the selling agencies, large companies, "Cranberries", and the East Wareham Station. The as- signments came from English, His- tory, Geography, and Economics departments. The students range from those having some knowl- edge of cranberries to those who know nothing about their culture. OREGON The Bandon Cranberry Associ- ation, an independent selling group, recently sold their building and equipment to the National Cran- berry Association and joined NCA with 40 new members for NCA. NEW JERSEY Edward V. Lipman was elected president of the American Cran- berry Growers' Association at the annual meeting on Feb. 4. Other officers elected were Thomas B. Darlington, 1st vice president; Earl Hill, 2nd vice president; Charles A. Doehlert, secretary-treasurer; F. Allison Scammell and Milton Reeves, members of the executive committee. Eighty-five persons attended this all day meeting and heard talks on ways to meet and overcome various problems in the gi-owing of cran- berries. Summaries of these ad- dresses will appear in future issues of CRANBERRIES as well as in the published Proceedings of the Association, which is the New Jer- sey "club" for all growers. Effect of Two 1953 Droughts C. A. Doehlert reported at the December Blueberry Open House, held in Pemberton, N. J., on the year's drought effect on blueberries and how this could be somewhat counteracted by the proper use of fertilizer. The first drought, June 15 to July (Continued on Page 16 Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1. Growers supplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. Cranberry Club Discuss Quality Fruit Problems The first 1954 Cranberry Club meetings were held in Kingston, Mass., on Tuesday, Jan. 19 and at Rochester Grange Hall on Wednes- day, Jan. 20 using as their theme for both meetings "Quality Fruit." The programs consisted of panel discussions by Frank J. Butler of the A. D. Makepeace Co., F. B. Chandler, Dr. Chester Cross and J. Richard Beattie all of the Experi- ment Station. "Water Management" was taken up by Frank J. Butler wherein he told of the late holding of the win- ter flood, a practice of the A. D. Makepeace Co. for thirty years. They now hold bogs two years late and one year early. The practice of late holding developed because of ijoor quality fruit which greatly increased the cost of screening. Mr. Butler said two disadvantages spoken of by most growers were re- duction in the size of crop and heavy vines. The Makepeace Co. has not had a reduction in crop on the late held water bogs. The heavy vines are controlled by pruning and sand- ing. These disadvantages can be overcome, he said. He gave six reasons for late holdings of the winter flood, namely (1) quality of fruit (2) usually little or no fruit worm, (3) less weeding, (4) fewer spring frosts, (5) reduced risk from summer dry weather, and (6) re- duced cost of fungicides and insec- ticides. There were two "don'ts": do not put on a June reflow or other reflow during the growing season if flood was held late and don't hold winter flood late the year after a grub flow. Dr. Chandler reviewed the liter- ature on the effect of fertilizer on the quality of fruits in general. From research which has been con- ducted in the last 25 years it ap- pears that fertilizer has less eff'eet on quality than cultural practices. He reviewed the cranberry litera- ature which indicates that the qual- ity of fruit is neither impaired nor improved with fertilizer particular- ly if phosphorus was high. He told of his own experiences which indi- (Continued on Page 12) WHERE IS IT?— ANSWER The picture is of the Kranick Bog in Oregon. The boards or planks on the edge of the bog were there for water harvest. Berries are removed on this side of the bog through gates, one in the fore- ground and the other at the cor- ner. This portion of the bog is dryer and more weedy than the remainder, therefore this picture is not typical of the Kranick Bog but it is picturesque. Another pic- ture of this bog will be found in the October issue of CRANBER- RIES on page 21 with Ray Bates and Jim Olsen. On one tree farm the little ani- mals were found to have planted an average of 2,900 clumps of seeds an acre. They were credited with planting 41 percent of the natural reseedings of the area. (New Jersey Agricultural News Service.) SHARON BOX COMPANY, Inc. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones— Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding Trouble seldom comes to those who enjoy life's work. Good habits are easier to form than bad ones are to break. ONE-WAY LOW-LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP This is the simplest Trufant pump setup— just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls for both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RlfSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. Seven Parachute Manufacturer and ^^Experimental" Cranberry Grower That is Stanley Switlik and Son, Richard Who in Few Years Have Become Important Factor in the New Jersey Industry. By CLARENCE J. HALL Many in the cranberry industry have other business interests than cranberry growing. There are physicians, lawyers, automobile men, real estate operators, surveyors, mechanics, bankers — to name a few. There can hardly be more than one (who with his son) is engaged in the manufacture of paiachutes and other air-safety devises. He is Stanley Switlik, chairman of the Board of Directors of Switlik Parachute Company, 1325 East State Street, Trenton, New Jersey. His son, Richard, president of the parachute company, is also vastly inter- ested in, and active with cranberries. The Switliks are among those leaders who are bringing back the cranberry business in the Garden State by intensive methods of producing more berries on lesser acreage. As a matter of fact, they rank among the four or five largest in Jersey cultivation, both in acreage and pro- duction, the others including the Haines of Hog Walla fame, Whitesbog, Theodore E. Budd and Isaac Harrison. It was in a rather odd manner that the elder Mr. Switlik got into cranberry growing at all. This came about because, he, then living in Trenton, wanted "a country home near a pond." In looking around for such a place, not too from from the Jersey capitol city, he found a location at the '"forgot- ten village" of Lahaway Plantation, which is near Prospertown, about 20 miles east and south of Trenton. He bought this property of nearly 1,000 acres in 1932. Lahaway was at one time owned by the late J. Turner Brakeley, one of the first canners, of peas and lima beans and a man of much wealth, it is reputed. Began by Restoring "Pond" to Bog "At Lahaway there wae a flooded, abandoned bog," Mr. Switlik says. "But I found this was not suitable for the pond I wanted. So, I was persuaded to restore the bog to cranberry growing." He later built his own lake. More about fascinat- ing Lahaway will follow. From this somewhat "back-door" approach to cranberry cultivation, the Switlik interests have grown rapidly. The cranberry properties of James Holman were purchased in 1951 and annual production is upwards of 10,000 barrels. Mr. Switlik has become known as one of the most "conscientous" in bog management in New Jersey. He has built up the reputation of being a man not afraid to take a chance with new ideas in cranberry Eight growing. He is always experiment- ing. He has poured heavy sums of money into his properties. He is always seeking for improvements. He is distinctly an individualist thoroughly sold on cranberries. "Bogs Are Fine Investment" "I wouldn't know of a better thing to have money in than cran- berries," he declares, certifying his optimism and faith in the cran- berry future. "I think my bogs are a fine investment." The Switlik properties are in three distinct locations. The first, Mr. Switlik's personal interest, be- ing Lahaway with about 35 acres in vines in two pieces. The second is the Pacqua bogs in Manchester Township, near Lakehurst, about 20 miles further east and south of Prospertown. The third the May- etta and Staff'ord Forge, still much farther south and near the Jersey coast, not far from Tuckerton. Pacqua has 50 acres in bearing, with a total upland and woodland acreage of about 3900, and an average production of 1500 bbls. This property is fiowed from Mana Pacqua branch. Mayetta and Staf- ford Forge, about eight miles apart have a total bearing acre- age of 190, with a production of about 5500 bbls. Both Pacqua and the Mayetta-Stafford properties were formerly of Holman's inter- ests. A tour of these was made as part of the program of the meet- ing of the American Cranberry Growers' Association last August. To return to Fabulous Lahaway, which is where Mr. Switlik now makes his home with his wife and daughter, Lottie, the latter also hav- ing quite a bit of cranberry knowl- edge and interest. "Fabulous" Lahaway The place is deep in the Jersey pines and is reached after a ride down a long, sandy road. The huge, old Brakeley property, during Mr. Brakeley's day was known far and wide as a place of rare beauty. At that time there was said to be no place in all Jersey where so many natural varieties of wild flowers, flowering shrubs and trees could be found. One of the most lovely spots was a lily pond. "Lahaway," in the Indian tongue meant "Muddy Water," and a creek by that name flows through the area, extending through Prosper- town and Hornerstown to later join Crosswicks Creek. Today, a spacious mansion-type house, built by Mr. Switlik sits on a gentle slope of land which domi- nates the handsomely-landscaped lawns surrounding it, and the bogs. There are many tall trees, i-ustic fences and a wealth of evergreen ornamentals. Lahaway Restored It has been Mr. Switlik's ambi- tion to restore this old-time natural beauty spot, and in this he is not- ably successful. The lily pond has been rebuilt. On it swim graceful swans and ducks. Glittering pea- cocks strut about at will and add an exotic touch. When Mr. Switlik began to re- store the old Brakeley bogs, he lost his "lake," which originally at- tracted him to the place. So, as stated, he made his own permanent pond. He uprooted trees and under- brush from about 40 acres. This was during the time of the "great depression" and many in the South Jersey region were in need of work. He hired large numbers of those who wanted jobs and the digging was done by hand labor. He calls this pond "Mink Island Lake." And at this property — also the two others, Mr. Switlik is achiev- ing a throwback to the plantation type of living. He grows corn and other vegetables, keeps cows. A barn and other buildings of the Brakeley days remain to the I'ear of the new house, and here quar- ters ai'e provided for the help. "M" Lipman Assisted Assisting Switlik in getting started, and into the swing of cranberry growing was Ed Lipman, who took a leave of absence from the New Jersey headquarters of NCA at Bordentown. "Eddie," beading up National's interests in New Jersey is, of course widely known in that state and other areas, especially Massachusetts, which he ferquently visits. Lipman has now returned to his former position, and on the side operates a bog of his own off Dover Road, Tom's River. This was also one of the Holman properties, bought in 1948 and totaling 550 acres in all with 40 acres of vines in production. Mr. Lipman is still another who is making extensive renovations, and it is expected CRANBERRIES will have an account of his cranberry-growing activities in the future. Switlik Happy at Cranberry Growing Interested as he is, in the pre- servation and improvement of Lah- Richard Switlik (CRANBERRIES Photo) away in general, Lipman, who still maintains much personal interest in the prograss of the lik cranberry program. whole Swit- and daugh- .** Showing auto, pausing for a moment on roadway through vines of a Switlik Bog. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Nine i, .^...^i^^A^a.^^!^ J:.'i..-^,.. Glimpse of Switlik home at l-.alia\vav. with beg- in foreground showing two diagonal roadways. (CRANBERRIES Photo) ter Lottie agree that Mr. Switlilc is never more happy than when en- gaged in bog activities at Laha- way. On the day material for this article was gathered, Mr. Switlil': was tied up at his office in Trenton and was seen but briefly. Lipman and Miss Lottie acted as spoke? men for him in furnishing most of the information. As concerns the Lahaway bo~" of which Mr. Switlik says, "I am my own foreman," all but fi- o acres are under sprinkler irriga- tion with a permanent installation. Sprinklers are used for frost pro- tection as well as moisture suoply in times of dryness. Gorman-Rupp pumps provide the pressure. There is ample, good bog sand. Bogs are planted to Early Blacks and Howes. One piece, "North Bog," which is new, is producing about 100 bai- rels to the acre. The first thing Mr. Switlik does in bog renovations or in building- is to make roads entirely around the sections. Then he struck out v/ith an idea of ci-ossing the bogs with roads — right through the vines. Ten Bog Roadways Switlik is perfectly willing to sacrifice the amounts of bog sur- face which might be in cultivation, to what he considers the advan- tages and conveniences of having- these roadways. They are used for various operations during- the sea- son; to haul sand upon, out from the shore, to operate spray rigs from, to gather in harvest boxes ill the fall. He is a firm believer in the use of plenty of fertilizer for cranber- ries. Application is by helicopter. He is lavish in the use of DDT, when this insect control is required. He has used large quantities of water-white kerosene in weed ©on- trol. Of the value of honey bees for "insurance" pollination, he is thor- oughly convinced. He puts out one hive per acre; the hive being placed in the middle of a bog, so the in- sects will not be diverted easily to the flowers on uplands, which they might prefer to the cranberry blossom. The Pacqua, and also the May- etta and Stafford Forge properties were purchased from Holman two years ago. These are managed by- Richard Switlik. Extensive reno- vation programs are in progress, with roads all around and across, as at Lahaway, Pacqua is in long, rectangular sections with a big reservoir at the upper end. The bogs were set to a predominence of the Native Jerseys with some Blacks and Howes. Resetting is entirely to the Massachusetts vari- eties. There are no sprinkler sys- tems at the properties — at least as yet. Motel-Type Quarters At Pacqua, practically within the shadow of one of the mammoth hangers of U. S. Naval Air Station at Lakehurst, he has built a cement- block housing unit for Puerto Rican, or other help. The structure resembles a motel in design. At one end is an apartment for the foreman, Alfred Greer and his family. The unit boasts hot and cold running water, baths, stoves, re- frigerators and deep freezes. In a common lounge there is televi- sion. He has a cook for this pro- ject and 9 men are kept on the (Continued on Page 12) Vol. 18-No. 10 ISSUE OF FEBRUARY 1954 O ^;!T^'^°^'^*fi,^^^ QUALITY NEEDED MORE THAN EVER BEFORE IF WE are going to continue to have big crops — and every indication — surely points that way, quality fruit becomes a matter of more importance than ever. We really had a marketing problem with the '53 crop. There can well be another in 1954. It can be understood by every grow- er that fruit of suitable quality is easier to sell than inferior stuff. Particularly is no consumer going to buy readily of cran- berries in cello bags or window boxes which do not look sound and of good color. We have been really successful in many bogs in all areas in producing more cranberries upon the same, or even lesser acreage. Bettering quality is not too easy a thing to do- — for one thing the elements, which are not under our control, as yet — - have an awful lot to say about what kind of berries we can grow. We do have much cultural information and techniques which can aid us. If every grower should do his level best to produce only quality fruit much could be done. Not an inconsiderable step would be made toward satisfying 1954 marketing ; if this is done. PESSIMISM BREEDS WE are reading and hearing much now about business conditions in 1954. What are we in for, a mild recession, what- ever that may mean, a "serious" recession ; a mere "adjustment," or levelling off, or a real depression, meaning business slump in practically every department of our economy? We don't know. And neither does it seem that the economists and other "experts," upon our national financial wealth are certain. They don't agree too well, as to what is ahead of us. Of one thing, however, we are quite certain. That is, that we can scare our- selves into trouble. It has been done before. Fear is contagious. So is optimism. Careful reading of conditions and con- sideration of the many varied aspects which make up the business situations of today can be helpful. It pays us to keep in- formed. It doesn't pay to go hog-wild with high hopes and expectations. Neither is the reverse the thing to do. CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALI^Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin C. D. HAMMOND, Jr. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin Wash in gton — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long: Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey It is the thinking of many, many "little" people that do much to make up our national mind. If we all sit tight with our hands on our pocketbooks business is just bound to be bad. To the degree that we are unduly pessimistic about cranberry growing or anything else we are adding to our adver- sities. We can all help a little toward making the coming months a continuation of our happy procession of recent months. Like a touch of home, we are told, is the finding of cranberries in a foreign market. Someone recently, returning from Mexico City said he was delighted to find fresh fruit there — it happened to be Indian Trail Brand. Eleven Switlik (Continued from Page 10) bog the year round. Forty-eight are housed in dormitory fashion. A similar motel-type unit is at Stafford Forge. These replace old- fashioned wooden camps. Variety at Mayetta and Stafford Forge is Jerseys. Foreman is John Grey, who has been foreman for Holman, and before that, for his late father for more than 40 years. Mr. Grey is considered a very experienced Jersey cranberry man and is a member of the Board of Visitors, Experiment Station of Ocean County. The Switlik Parachute Business Mr. Switlik is a native of Aus- tria, where he was born in 1890. He arrived in New York in 1907, becoming a citizen. He served in World War I, U. S. Army in a technical branch as Air Corps spe- cialist. He is now a captain in the U. S. Reserves. Experience in the war gave him an interest in things pertaining to aviation, particularly safety devices. When he began the manufacture of parachutes in 1920 he was reputedly the only such con- cern so engaged until 1938. Swit- lik is still considered "top" pro- ducer in the business. Today the business is housed in a modern building, specializing no' only in parachutes, but other If saving equipment, needed for si^ vival in time of disaster, such as Mae Wests, anti-exposure suits, anti-blackout suits, modern rubber rafts with all types of survival de- vices contained within. Highly-skilled labor is em- ployed, about 475 at present. These are 90 percent women and girls, requiring six months of training before they can operate the spe- cialized machinery, which includes much sewing. Not only are many of these items made at Switlik's but were invented and designed there. This type of manufacturing might be termed "benevolent" in nature, as have been many of Mr. Switlik's enterprises, such as pro- viding the up-to-the minute motel type of housing. As one definite example of benevolence, Mr. Swit- lik has provided, and maintains a school for Jackson Township. The Switliks are members of Na- tional Cranberry Association, which ma)-kets their entire crop. Cranberry Club Continued from Page 7) cated that high nitrogen decreases quality under some conditions. This effect may be indirect as nitrogen increases the number and length of the u" rights. The quality of the fruit was generally improved by 1 high nhosphorus content. "Effect of Sanding, Irrigation and t".AJl,Bl'^l^MDy^,■>|■'^^.■Jw.^;lw^^ r r -rirxrf^ FARM F[RE LOSSSS HP 5% €VE: »*;•:* The losses froTn farm fires during the past year will amount to about $140,000,000, an increare of about 5% over 1952. The principal causes have been carelessness and faulty building con- struction. December through March are the months of heaviest losses. The nation's staggering fire losses are the result of over a million fires of all sizes. The total losses from all fires will be about 17% higher than last year. Have you checked your property for fire hazards lately ? Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-08.30 Fungicides on Quality" was the sub- ject taken up by Dr. Cross. He stated that sanding gave strong vines which gave good quality fruit. Sanding controls insects and en- courages a new root system. He believes that sand gives a light bog floor which would reflect the sun to the underside of the leaves. He said that the quality of finait was poor in bogs which were not irrigated and in bogs which were managed with full ditches, but the quality was good with proper irri- gation and drainage. He discussed fungicides and suggested that Dr. Bergman's recommendations be fol- lowed, namely that of using 400 or more gallons per acre and applied when 10 percent of the blossoms were open and again about ten days later. J. Richard Beattie spoke on "How to use the Keeping Quality Fore- cast." He told of the development of the quality forecast based on the observations of H. S. Griffith from 1912 to 1935 and Dr. Stevens from 1923 to 1935. This was fur- ther developed by Dr. H. J. Frank- lin and published in Bulletins No. 445 and No. 450. He then told of the factors which enter into the formula used for the present fore- cast. George Rounds of the Agricul- tural Conservation program report- ed on the changes which have been made in his pi'ogram and outlined the benefits to cranberry growers which A. C. P. offered. This pro- gram would help cranberry grow- ers particularly in the drainage of bogs. Arnold Lane of NCA said that about 30 growers in Barnstable County had received help from this service in the past. The greatest value is the professional assistance or advice offered to growers. Mr. Lane introduced Darrol Shepard of the Soil Conservation Service of Barnstable County who outlined the work he had done in drainage and stabilization of dikes. He also has worked on the location and con- struction of ponds and planning of irrigation systems which have been used for irrigation or frost or both. A period was devoted to ques- tions at both meetings. Twelve where Did the Early Black Originate? (Editor's Note: The following is a con- tinuation of (Chapter 16) of the history of the cranberry industry which we have published from time to time as material is accumulated and space permits). By CLARENCE J. HALL An old story of how the "Early Black'' came to be so named con- cerns Captain Cyrus Cahoon of Cape Cod. The account goes that one day Cyrus and wife, Lettice were screening berries in their barn. Cyrus pondered as to what might be a good name for the handsome fruit they were sorting. Lettice is reputed to have remarked tersely, "Be'nt they early and be'nt they black? Call 'em Early Blacks." There is also a version that it was Lettice Cahoon who carried the variety from Captain Robbin's bog near Harwich Center to Pleas- ant Lake — that is, woman-fashion, she took some vines home in a flow- er pot. Captain Cyrus died January 20, 1894, lacking a day of 84 years. "To him," was recorded in the Barnstable Patriot at that time, "more than any other man are we indebted for our great cranberry industry. He was the pioneer in cranberry cultivation and for years was considered the authority for all that pertained to it. His shrewd- ness and integrity as a man of affairs won for him public confi- dence and esteem." His Bog Is Still Bearing Cyrus' son-in-law, Joshua Maker was a grower at Pleasant Lake, his granddaughter, the late Mrs. Clark took over the cranberry in- terests of her husband, Darius A. Clark, when he died a good many years ago. The Cyrus Cahoon bog is still in bearing, but is now owned by J. Burleigh Atkins, one of the better known of the older generation of Cape growers. Capt. Nathaniel Robbins The stories of Captain Cyrus and Captain Nathaniel Robbins who lived on a hill overlooking Grassy (old name. Grass) Pond between Harwich Center and Har- wichport intermingle. They were fellow townsmen and friends. There is a story, with consider- able foundation that the Early Black originally came from Grassy Pond. \\lMiaH^uul CtlANBERYliES YES! We are interesteci in additional growers — Growers who believe in our way of doing business. Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN TO CONTROL CRANBERRY FRUIT WORM. USE ROTENONE and RYAN/A ADEQUATE STOCKS AVAILABLE Thirteen CAPT, CYRUS CAHOON Captain Nathaniel was born at Harwich, June 8, 1807, making him several years the senior of Cyrus. At 15 he went to sea in the fish- ing business and after that en- gaged in coastwise trade between Boston, New York and the Cape. In all, he was in maritime acti- vities for about 40 years. Then he was afflicted with •'cranberry fever," while still en- gaged in seafaring, and in 1852 or '53 he set out a few vines near the pond, which like the areas in Pleasant Lake was natural cranberry ground. Grassy Pond is aptly named, it is grassy and so shallow it may be crossed by wad- ing, except for a few Spring holes which feed it. It had a peat bot- tom. After he quit the sea Captain Robbins took up cranberry grow- ing and built a little store by his home at Grassy Pond. There he sold groceries and a few ship sup- plies, as he did not want to lose touch entirely with his former pursuit. Captain Robbins was a congenial man, and that was also one of the reasons he opened the store — he liked to see people every day. During his first years of cran- berry growing, he was one of the number of Cape men who were strong in the cause of abolition. It was through his efforts and others that Cape Codders, before the war were privileged to hear such great anti-slavery orators as Lloyd Garrison, Wendell Phillips and others. "He felt bound to those who were bound," The Harwich Enterprise said of him, "and when Lincoln freed the slaves the heart of no person in the uni- verse was filled with greater joy than his." Early Black First Found at "Round Bog?" Attesting to his interest in his bogs is an old map of the prop- erty, di-awn to scale and tinted done by Sidney Brooks and dated 1860. This showed his holdings as consisting of three and one- halt acres and one rod. There is what the Robbins family has al- ways called the "old bog," the "round" bog, perfectly round, and exactly quartered by ditches (but only part of that was tinted) in- dicating only part was planted at tliat time, and there was the bog to the West." Robbins' family lore has it, that the Early Black was first culti- vated on the "Round" bog. Substantiation There is some substantiation of this. Charles D. Cahoon of Har- wich (descendant of Capt Alvin) who had gone fishing on the banks as a youth and then became a photographer and Cape artist of some note, said, when he was 80: "I remember Captain Nathan- iel's son, George K. Robbins, once showing me a spot near their "Round" bog, and saying it was from there that Cyrus Cahoon took the vines growing wild. He took vines several times and spe- cialized in growing them and de- veloping them." A manuscript written by Emu- lous Cahoon, early prominent Cape Fourteen grower in reply to information as to cranberry culture on Cape Cod stated: "As to where the Early Black variety originated, I am quite certain it was with Cap- tain Nathaniel Robbins of Har- wich Center, but later, my uncle, Cyrus Cahoon did claim he was one of the originators of the Early Blacks." At this late date it seems im- possible to determine whether or not the Blacks did originate at Grassy Pond. But it does seem rather certain that if both the captains engaged in cultivating this esteemed berry Captain Cy- rus may have recognized its de- sirability more strongly than Cap- tain Nathaniel. He made more "to do" about them, was more ac- tive in their marketing, as the ci'edit of being their "developer" has so long and so generally been rested upon him. Robbins' Picking Orders for 1863 Captain Robbins was a meth- odical cranberry grower. For in- stance he had a printed list of "Orders for Picking Cranberries for the year 1863." A copy is still in existence. Although his edicts may seem a trifle stern, as per- haps befits an old sea captain, they were eminently praetcal. The or- ders follow: 1. No one allowed to have things that hold less than four quarts. 2. All must pick their rows clean the first time and not go over them twice. 3. All must obey the overseer ov be discharged. 4. All travelling over the vines is forbidden, except what is strict- ly necessary. 5. All must have their fruit clean, measuring without rotten fiuit or dirt. The measure will be level and not heaped as formerly. 6. All berries to be picked if knocked off the vine while pick- ing. 7. When a row is commenced it must be finished by the same picker before changing to, or tak- ing another. 8. For picking and conforming to the above rules, we shall pay 40 cents per bushel when the pick- ing is over. Captain Robbins was thrice mar- ried, and oddly his three brides were all named Kelley. The first was Cynthia, the second, Hilda, (Kelley by a prior marriage) and the third, Hepsibah, who survived his death in 1884. Of his mar- riages it has been recorded he said, "I've had three of the finest wives that ever lived." Speaking further of Captain Robbins at his demise, the Independent stated . . . "due to frugality and excel- lent judgment his (business ca- reer) has been one of marked suc- cess, and the value of his earthly estate is ranked among the first in town." The stories of the other out- standing Harwich group of grow- ers will be told in a future install- ment. Kosher Sauce New NCA Item NCA in early January extended its service to meet food require- ments of the Jewish Passover. On Jan. 11th, the Hanson plant packed the first Kosher cranberry sauce. Rabbi B. L. Chayet of Boston watched the packing and gave the product his official endorsement. He is quoted by NCA officials, "I certify that the Ocean Spray sauce made at Hanson is Kosher for Pass- Protects Cranguyma from Frost and Drought at Cranguyma Farms, PHOTO C0L"nfESY 01 POETLANJD ORFdON loi | s \ I, l-ong B«°<^'^' ^°sh. SPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today without obligation. Sprinkler IrrifatiDn Ajsocljlion NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALlFORNrA IMINY SPRINKLER SALES, 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, Fifte over because it is made from pure cranberries, water, sugar and sweet corn syrup. Tliis product was made in my presence and under my super- vision, and I proclaim, under tine Rabinical Laws, it is strictly Ko- sher, to be used in every Jewish family for the Passover season." The Kosher sauce was distributed throughout New England. Fresh From the Fields (Continued from Page 6) 19, did not seem to have a great effect on the crop of berries being- produced, since two rainy months preceded and the last third of July and first half of August were also excessively rainy. The long, dry period from August 26 to October 27, which began with very hot weather, produced more conspicuous injury. Exact measurements of twigs and counts of buds before and after the growing season show that well pruned and fertilized bushes were able to make as many or more strong fruiting twigs in 1953 as in 1952. However, 25 per- cent less fruit buds were set per twig in 1953. Because of the lack of soil moisture in September, many fields showed reddening- foliage by October 1. Such had been able to absorb the normal amount of soil nutrients and growers were advised October 1 to fertilize immediately in order to get their bushes into the best possible condition for over- wintering. Those who had not been able to accomplish this were in- formed that any one of three forms of nitrogen could be used in eai'ly December. The full details of this report have been published in the mimeographed N. J. Experiment Station Open House report. Cherry Fruitworm On Blueberries Controlled Philip E. Marucci gave a com- plete review of the life histoi-y of this No. 1 blueberry pest, and rec- ommendations for its successful control at the December Blueberry Open House told under the auspices of the N. J. Agricultural Experi- ment Station. Marucci illustrated the life cycle of the pest with at- tractive colored slides made by Walter Z. Fort. He also gave fig- ures showing the serious extent of the present infestation. Unlike the cranberry fruitworm which over- winters in the soil, the cherry fruitworm spends the cold months mid-May. Egg laying begins late in a tiny cocoon in old, dead prun- in May and worms are found in the ing stubs. In New Jersey it berries thi-ough June and part of emerges as a moth over a period July, of 5 to 7 weeks, beginning about Marucci found that two 1% para- a CAPE COD CRANBERRIES IVfEiBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 1^)11 1 iiBu^ im^^i;^^ i»^ifc rawiKi >:^ BEN FRANKLIN was one of the most forward-looking men of his era. Yet, he would have been amazed almost beyond credulity at the progress made in ELECTRICITY Use it in your bog work — in your home. . ^^^enA^^i., Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 Sixteen thion dusts are an excellent means of control. However, it is very im- portant to time these dusts prop- erly if they are to be successful. For this purpose Marucci plans to check on the field development of the pest next spring and inform the growers through the N. J. Ex- tension Service just when the dusts should be applied. The complete text of this talk has just been pub- lished in the Experiment Station's Blueberry Open House report. H F Duckart Heads Midwest For 8th Year Midwest Cranberry Co-operative relected Henry F. Duckart, Wiscon- sin Rapids, as president for his eighth consecutive term at its an- nual meeting January 11th, Wis- consin Rapids, Wisconsin. Harold Ward, Cranmoor, was ejected vice president; A. E. Bark, Rapids, secretary-treasurer. Lbo Sorenson continues as general manager. Re-elected to board of directors were: Mr. Du.kart, Leonard E. National Cianberry Association, Rodeghler, Rapids; Robert Gotts- and Lewis and Clarence Searles, chalk, Cranmoor. Also re-elected r'..„„™„„ „ j;,. ).„_„ * t7„4-™ ' Cranmoor as directors to ii.atmor were Guy Potter, Rapids; C. L. T ■ oi n T 1 J- 4. J? Cranberries, Inc. Lewis, Shell Lake, as directors of ' International II Harvester PUMPS and POWER UNITS CROP SAVER IRRIGATION INTERNATIONAL TRACTORS Now is the time to schedule Winter repairs and overhaul. We offer complete shop service. FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 Eatmor Cranberries "Farmer cooperatives are vital to the continued functioning- of agriculture as a strong productive segment of the national economy. It is important that farmers have means of acting- together for common purposes and in order to protect their economic position." New England Cranberry Sales Company (The Cranberry Cooperative) Telephone 200 9 Station Street, Middleboro, Mass. ^ Siveeihecud of a Weal ^^^]ftn l/aUniines Datj(^ EXT Sunday) Cut the cranberry sauce (Ocean Spray Jellied Sauce) in heart shapes. '''^mfj Watch your grocer's week-end ads for CHICKEN and OCEAN SPRAY features 90% of OCEAN SPRAY customers who do advertise have promised to tie in with the Valentine campaign. National Cranberry Association Hanson, Massachusetts SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON SPRING, and Winter Flood Goes off the Bogs. (CRANBERRIES Phol 30 Cents MARCH 1954 Oregon Oil Rake An uil lakf has been developed by Ray Bates, Bandon, Oregon. The rake has a pipe handle which is connected by a hose to solvent ur kerosene under pressure. The rake is lowered into the vines and the rope pulled (near hand) which opens the valve and the solvent or kerosene flows under the vines to kill the grasses. (Photo by F. B. Chandler) Record In Eatmor Contest "Your returns are certainly far better quantitatively and qualita- tively than we have ever received on any previous produce dealer's contest," is the statement in a let- ter from the Reuben H. Donnelley Corporation, New York to Lloyd Williams, merchandize manager of Eatmor, concerning the Eatmor national display contest. A grand total of .3,199 entries were received, apparently setting a new record for the produce industry. This was more than six times the total of the contest of a year ago. A main reason for the influx is believed to be a bonus offer of a Polaroid camera to distributors for every fifteen of their stores send- ing in photographs of special Eat- mor displays for the contests. A total of 144 cameras, representing 2,160 special displays, were awarded. Cape Club Meetings The February Club meetings fol- lowed the general program used in the January meetings in Plymouth County which were written up in the last issue of CRANBERRIES. In addition Mr. Bradford and Mr. Bessette of the Waterways Divi- sion, Department of Public Works, spoke on Water Rights. They de- fined a Great Pond as a pond or J^'VJl^ CAPE COD CRANBERRIES MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 17G0 I lake over ten acres. There are about 1,200 of these in Massachu- setts and all but two are controlled by the State. A license is required to draw water from a great pond or to build a structure in a great pond. Anyone may apply for a li- cense to drav/ water from a great pond. Licenses also have to be ob- tained for any structures placed in or over streams such as dikes, culverts, and bridges. No license is required on ponds less than ten acres or to change the course of a stream on your own property. 4-H Cranberry Project was re- ported on by George Brodie, Jr., the 4-H Club agent in Barnstable County. There are a number in- BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. I I BE Sure to Use B E E S To Insure a Good "Set." MERRIMACK VALLEY APIARIES offer Complete Pollination Service Phone or Write Andrew T. Card 47 Pond Street Billerica, Mass. Tel. 3079 terested in the Cranberry Project and it appears that there will be at least one club on the Cape. OREGON ELECTS NCA OFFICIALS National Cranberry Association annual meeting of Oregon growers held recently at Masonic Hall, Ban- don, elected unanimously Mrs. Arthur Randall to go to the annual meeting in Massachusetts this com- ing August. Elected to the ad- visory committee were Frank Zorn, .3 years; Mis. L. M. Kranick, 2 years; Clarence Lunwalt, 1 year. About 100 growers were present. "Bill" Dufort, in charge of the Bandon grading plant spoke on work progress. Stepping into another man's shoes is comparatively easy — to walk in them presents the big problem. THE BLUE HILL APIARIES CROP POLLINATION SERVICE BEE COLONY RENTALS Leonard H. Smith 37 Milwood St. Dorchester, Mass. Tel. AVenue 2-1087 Allan Wood 87 King St. Taunton Mass. Tel. Taunton 4-9021 BEES FOR RENT If you have a pollination prob- lem. Consult Us. We make a living on bees and honey. We cannot afford to let our bees loaf. Your bees are serviced once a week. We supply double hives guaran- teed to work. BUSY BEE FARM 612 Pond St. South Weymouth Located on Highway 58, just past U. S. Naval Air Base. Tel. Weymouth 9-1779J MARCH ! ! and Spring activities begin anew. Let kilowatt hours, Save you man hours. Use ELECTRICITY- in every job possible. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 One SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Cape & Vineyard BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, Bridgeton Tuckahoe Electric Company LAWSON and HERCULES New Jersey ENGIMfES E-xpert Workmanship Office* : Only Genuine Parts used Apples Engine Driven Generators Cranberries Peaches Chatham Falmouch Hyannis For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Provincetown Vini^€^ LET THE FUTURE TELL OF course the really big news is the fact New England Cranberry Sales Com- pany has voted its dissolution and National Cranberry Association has assumed its lia- bilities and its assets. There cannot but be a sharp pang of regret that this largest State unit of Eatmor has gone out of existance, after not far from half a century as a very important factor in the whole cranberry industry. This has, for the moment at least, weakened Eatmor in tonnage and member- ship. As part of the agreement with NCA, N. E. directors recommend its members sign up as direct 100 percent members of National. Many are doing this and others will. Some will not, in all probability. There is a remote possibility of a new Mas- sachusetts local, and some will become direct members of Eatmor. Some probably will become affiliated with independents. The greatest thing the cranberry in- dustry needed is peace within its own ranks. Many did and do sincerely want one big over-all cooperative, even though there will always be the desirable inde- pendents. This has seemingly not been accomplished — at least at the moment. It is announced Eatmor will continue, despite its loss of the old New England cooperative. Both National and Eatmor will now handle fresh and processed cranberries. However, the split between the two, which have for many years beneath the surface hardly seen eye to eye in every matter, now appears to be a definite breakaway. Perhaps each, strictly on its own, may relieve some tensions. The future, alone will tell. Conditions may be more peaceful this way, even though this is not obviously apparent. Now let's give both groups their opportunity to prove themselves by them- selves. WE recently returned from our annual vacation, and once again beyond the borders of the U. S. This trip was "South of the Border," to Mexico, and we like Mexico this having been our second visit. But every trip to a foreign country brings emphasis anew how fortunate we in the United States are^that is in living standards. Particularly is this true of CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising: rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey foods. We have come to take cleanliness in what we buy to put in our mouths as almost universal. Also we are accustomed to the widest variety, in selection, in sea- son or out. We are not out to make adverse criticism of our neighbor; Mexico is mak- ing tremendous progress in modernization of every kind, but the average Mexican citizen does not enjoy the creature com- forts we do, and food is a striking example of this. Naturally, we checked to see if cran- berries are now and then, at least, on the Mexican menu. We might say we found they are not entirely unknown. At least some of the families, those of higher in- come eat them, mostly on Christmas. We were told the word for them in Spanish is "Arandanas." Fifteen Important Papers Given at Annual Jersey Meeting Important papers were presented at the annual meeting of the Amer- ican Cranberry Growers' Associ- ation at Fenwick Hall, Pemberton, N. 3., Feb. 4t4h. Meeting was pre- sided over by president Theodore H. Budd, Jr., and a lunch was served at noon. Speakers included Clifford Sims, giving final figures on the 195.3 production; E. R. Kendall, an- nouncement of spring meeting; talk on "High Nitrogen vs. High Phos- phorus-Potash Fetrilizer;" Dr. H. F. Bergman, "Blossom and Fi'uit- ing Habits of the Cranberry in New Jersey; Leland G. Merrill, Jr., "How to Use and Not to Use Para- thion." Condensation reports of several of the papers follow: Marucci Presents New Facts On Cranberry Tipworm Philip E. Marucci gave to the meeting an imposing array of facts resulting from his past year's research on an important New Jersey cranberry pest. Cranberry Tipworm. Mr. Marucci is located at the Pemberton Cran- berry and Blueberry Research Lab- oratory, specializing in insect prob- lems. The following statements are his summary of the paper: 1. Tipworm has remained the most common and least understood insect of cranberries for over 30 years, during which time no work has been directed towards clarify- ing or evaluating its role in cran- berry production. 2. In 195.3 studies were begun on tipworm with the view of evalu- ating the effect of its attack on cranberry production. 3. Limited data from only one Champion bog indicated that up- rights damaged in 1952 by tip- worm produced 56 percent less fruit in 1953 than those not in- fested. 4. A tipworm survey revealed its presence on all bogs of a good selection of 20 throughout the cran- berry growing area of N. J. 5. Infestation rates of uprights varied from 2 percent to 49 percent, with an average of 24 percent of all those taken from 11 Early Black bogs. Infestation rate of uprights taken from 7 Howes bogs varied from 10 percent to 58 precent, with an average of 40 percent. 6. Tipworm attack definitely re- duced fruit bud production. Early Black uprights attacked had a re- duction of 39 percent, while at- tacked Howes uprights suffered a loss of 12 percent. 7. The tipworm preferred the vigorous uprights and thus reduced fruit buds on wood most able to convert them to blossoms and fruit. This debunks a prevalent idea that tipworm is a beneficial pruner. 8. Tipworm attack increased as the season progressed; 2 percent, 9 percent and 24 percent were at- tacked in the early, mid and late seasons, respectively. 9. Uprights of all classes of vigor recovered from early and mid- season attack to the extent of producing more fruit buds than normal. 10. Uprights of all classes of vigor suffered severe fruit bud lose from late season attack, with the severity increasing with lack of vigor. Plants Related to Cranberry Studied for Appeal to Leafhopper Martin T. Hutchinson, entomol- ogist at the New Jersey Agricul- tural Experiment Station, is in- terested in the possibility of breed- ing false blossom resistance into the cranberry. He feels that if some plant can be crossed with the cranberry which will make it dis- tasteful to the leafhopper, the battle against false blossom will be advanced. Mr. Hutchinson's summary of his report at the meet- ing follows. In the course of preliminary transmission tests with false- blossom virus in New Jersey in 1953, using the blunt-nosed leaf- hopper (Eucelis straitulus, Fallen), it was noted that one of the spe- cies being tested was particularly unsuitable for the leafhoppers. This species, Oxycoccus quadripe- talus Gilib, obtained from Long Beach, (Washington, did not allow survival of the adult leafhoppers beyond three days. Among the other species tested, the Ling-berry or Mountain Cranberry, Vaccinium vitis-idaea L., was also an unsuit- able host plant for the leafhopper, while the California or Box-blue- berry, Vaccinium ovatum Pursh, was apparently as suitable a host plant as the cultivated cranberry, Oxycoccus macrocarpus (Ait.) var. Eai-ly Black. The experimentally produced tetraploid form of the normally diploid macrocarpus was not apparently as suitable for the leafhopper as was the diploid form. The tests were replicated four times, with each plant species be- ing exposed to a total of 40 adult leafhoppers of both sexes. Kinescope Shows N. J. Growers What TV Has Been Doing The N. J. Extension Service, like the Extension Service of other states, has been engaged in a number of activities designed to ac- quaint consumers with N. J. agri- cultural products. This is to help consumers with their buying prob- lems and to keep them aware of what farm products are coming in- to season and what their merits are. For cranberries, Joseph Hauck, Ernest Christ and M. D. Kirkland produced several television show- ings through the Rutgers Univer- sity television project. What is a kinescope ? It is some- what like a tape recording for a radio program. It is equipped with sound track and can be shipped to various TV stations to be put on the air at the proper moment. Such a kinescope was shown to the meeting of the New Jersey cranberry growers and hereby gave the cranberry growers, who had not seen the original show, a chance to see what the State Uni- versity has been doing to produce knowledge and ideas about cran- berries. It was enthusiastically re- ceived by the growers. Fungicides, Minor Elements, and Cranberry Rots Effects of fungicides and minor-element sprays on the incidence of cranberry fruit rots. Eugene H. Varney Horticultural Crops Research Branch U. S. Department of Agriculture Bordeaux spray schedules for cranberry fruit rot control have been followed since the early 190O's Sixteen when Dr. C. L. Shear showed that Bordeaux mixture materially re- duced field rots. In 1943, ferbam, a dithiocarbamate, was first tested by R. B. Wilcox. It has proved su- perior to Bordeaux except in 1945, when rain was recorded on nearly half the days from May thi-ough August. Neither Bordeaux nor fer- bam gave satisfactory control un- der such weather conditions. The 1953 spray trials at Whites- bog', N. J., were designed to test ferbam further and other fungi- cides that have become prominent within the last few years. Because there has been considerable interest in the effects that minor elements may have on the physiology of the cranberry and the consequent pre- vention or delay in expression of rot, several minor elements were included in the trials. The fungicides used were Man- zate, zineb, ferbanr, ziram, and cap- tan, all at a concentration of 3 lbs, per 10.0 gallons of water; tank- mixed ziram at a concentration of 1 qt. sodium dimethyldithiocarba- mate and 1 lb. ZnS04 per 100 gal- lons; and 8-8-10 Bordeaux. All were applied June 18 at approximately quarter-bloom and again on July 1 and July 13. A second ferbam treatment was applied June 25 at approximately mid-bloom and again on July 9 and July 13. The minor elements used included molybden- um in the form of sodium molyb- date at a concentration of 1 oz. per 100 gallons, and iron, manganese, copper, and zinc in chelated forms at a concentration of 3.4 lbs. of the chelated compound per 100 gallons of water. Minor elements were ap- plied twice, June 25 and July 9. All sprays were applied at ap- proximately 300-350 gallons per acre. Although the spring months were unusually wet, the critical in- fection period, which appears to extend several weeks starting at blossom tim^e, was drier than nor- mal. Cranberries from plots treated with Manzate, zineb, and ferbam No. 1 and No. 2 showed an average of 93, 90, 86 and 88 percent less rot, respectively, than those from plots receiving no treatment. Man- zate and zineb were better than the other fungicides throughout the storage period. Manzate, zineb, and ferbam were the only fungicides that controlled rot significantly in comparison with the no treatment. Zineb and Manzate, on the other hand tended to delay coloring. Fruit from the ferbam plots was of an attractive, glossy red. The mi- nor elements as applied in the 1953 trials increased rather than de- creased rot. On the basis of the 1953 tests and past performance, ferbanr at a concentration of 3 lbs. per 100 gallons of water is recommended for 1954. The first application should be completed by full-bloom and should be followed by at least 2 applications at 2-week intervals. The fungicide must be applied on time and to all parts of the plant — not to just the tops. This may take 300-350 or more gallons per acre, depending upon the equipment used and the density of vine growth. Ad- ditional applications at shorter in- tervals may be necessary if rains are frequent during the critical in- fection period. Manzate and zineb were some- what more effective than ferbam, but it niav not be desirable to ap- Robert Henklein Joins NCA's Advertising Robert Henklein, formerly with the J. Walter Thompson Agency in New York, is now with National Cranberry Association, Hanson, as assistant to Miss Ellen Stillman, Ocean Spray's Advertising Direc- tor. He begins his new position just as the Chicken-Cranberry Cam- paign goes into full swing for the 7th spring and summer season. The campaign was originated by Miss Stillman to make cranberries an all-season berry, and in the last five years, cranberry sauce sales in,' the spring and summer have in- creased 96%. ply them' to large areas because of their tendency to delay coloring. This tendency should be considered if the crop is to go on the early fresh-fruit market. • (This is a summary of Mr. Var- ney's paper before American Cran- berry Growers Association.) Seventeen Mrs. Mullin, Eatmor Cadillac wmnei receives car trom Walter Berlselos, assistant City Man- ager of Datona Beach, Florida, in behalf of Eatmor. "RUBY ALDEN" WINNING NAME IN EATMOR CONTEST A cranberry-red Cadillac conver- tible has gone to Mrs. Roberta Mul- lin of Daytona Beach, Fla., for winning first prize in Eatmor Cran- berries' "What's Her Name" con- test. Contestants were asked to se- lect an appropriate first and last name for the cranberry girl and tell in 25 words or less why they like Eatmor cranberries. Her winning name was "Ruby Alden," which was hit upon by sev- eral, but Mrs. MuUin's essay of 25 words or less, was judged superior. The "Ruby," of course, suggests the color of cranberries, while "Alden" ifl one of the Pilgrim names of New England. Mrs. Mullin, 30, and a bride of only 10 months, though now liv- ing in the sunny south, has been thoroughly schooled in cranberries, having lived in the Massachusetts cranberry producing state until 1947. Her husband, Jack L. Mullin is an insurance and real estate broker in Daytona Beach. JEighteen HOW TO OBTAIN QUALITY FRUIT "Screening, Packaging and Ship- ping for Quality," was the topic of an interesting panel debate at the February meetings of Ply- mouth County cranberry clubs. Conducted by Domnic A. Mai-ini, associate county agent, his sum- mary of points covered follows: "Field Selection for Quality" — Nahum Morse and Ray Morse — Quality going downhill for past 20 years when berries were sold fresh. Many growers feel anything good enough for canning. Start select- ing for quality before picking sea- son. Watch conditions during sea- son. Keep track of early and late water, sanded and fertilized areas, when and how often bog was flood- ed, diseased vines, insect injury. Harvesting — Keep varieties sep- arate. Set aside mixed lots, don't work into best packs. Separate ber- ries from ditches, low ai'eas (water scald). Watech for rot. Select for color, regulate harvest time to al- low berries to color. Picking ma- chines O. K. if done right. Don't include berries picked on hot days with best quality fruit. "Handling" — Ray Morse and Bob Hammond — Grow good quality ber- ries— they will stand abuse, poor quality won't. Get berries off bog fast in hot weather. Be careful in picking whether by scoop or ma- chine. Don't heap boxes too high — slack boxes allow ventilation. Cooling berries overnight outside good. Most storehouses not suited to storing fruit. Fans help. Keep doors open at night and in cool weather — closed during day and hot weather. Remove field heat, stock berries where you want them and don't move until ready to screen. Large, open, drafty areas bad for storage. "Screening, Packaging, Ship- ping"— Kenneth Beaton, J. J. Beaton Co. — Each lot of berries is marked, dated and separated from other lots. We use small fans to remove field heat; don't screen for 3 days. Each box from each lot checked in screening — remove off-color boxes (waste time screening). Present separators one I'eason for poor fruit on market- berries bounce 20-25 times. Tried sponge rubber on bounce boards — didn't work. Should put best qual- ity on market first to get crop mov- ing-— housewife sees good fruit and buys. Save poorer fruit for holi- days— market good then, berries move fast, cheaper to screen poorer fruit late in season — rotten berries dry, removed by separator. New master container — slanted sides, improves ventilation. One main reason for quality fruit is profit — costs 4 times more to separate poor quality. "Packing Plant Problems" — Archie MacLellan, NCA and May- nard Holmes — The more we know about a lot of berries the better. Tell us what has been done to af- fect quality. Separate late and early water, green berries, picking machine and poor quality. We try to use poor quality fruit first. Speed in handling important. Idea that any kind berry is O. K. for canning is wrong — berries for whole sauce must be as good as fresh fruit berries. Fill boxes uni- formly. Receiving berries is a problem — need stoi-age space and fast handling when berries coming in heavy. Test weights — average determines weight of load. Re- gardless of further shrinkage, grower paid on basis of average weight. Picking boxes a problem — pile up in plant at end of season. Should have name on boxes. "Rodent Control" — Wesley Jones, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service— 1. Take precautions before stor- ing— make sure no rodent shelters around storage — dumps, trash, piles of old boxes. Check for hiding- places in storage. 2. Rodent proof buildings — drains in floor, open or broken windows, open doors. Aim to ventilate storage and keep doors closed. Cover openings for fans with hardware cloth. Rodents may come in with berries, may gnaw through wall. 3. Control in stor- age— mice only — use strychinne treated, rolled crushed oats — no good for rats. Will last all sea- son— best used in bait station like cigar box with 1 inch holes. War- farin best for both rats and mice^ anti-coagulant, colorless, odorless, tasteless. Need 3-5 consecutive doses to kill rats, 5-7 for mice. Safe to use. Use in permanent bait station. Bait box-^2 ft. long, 8 inch square, 2 baffle boards 4 inch- es from each end. Have 2 inch hole in ends and baff'le boards — bait in middle. Use warfarin station be- fore, during and after storage. PLANNED POLLINATION- AN AGRICULTURAL PRACTICE* (Pollination of legume flowers is as essential to the production of a good seed crop as land preparation, cultivation, and favorable weather. Seed growers can do something about all of these — even the weather — through soil and water conser- vation practices. Planned pollination means arranging to have enough insects at hand to get a maximum set of seed when the crop will be in bloom. It pays! Sometimes yields are two, three, or even five times as great." U. S. D. A. Soil Conservation Service.) Set of fruit and seed is dependent upon pollination. Without polli- nation, yields of fruit and seed crops are impossible. Fertilization, and subsequent reproduction, only results after pollen is transferred from the stamens to the stigmas of the same flower, or to other flowers of the same species. The pollination of farm crops is accom- plished by wind, as in the case of Protects Cranguymal Provide^ Protectioivy/fron Frost and Drought at Cranguyma Farms, j^ToStSnU "jR'r&0^^nrRI«L "-""S Beach, Wash. Spreading out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. b. Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today %vithout obligation. MlDittr . Sprinklci ltti£itisn AssocilliDD NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES, 1533 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, ILL. Nineteen grain crops, and by insects, as in the case of the legumes, fruit, and many vegetable seed crops. Al- though pollination is necessary ti should be stated clearly that it is only one of many factors involved in the production of crops. Probably the reason why the need for adequate insect pollination is not realized more fully today is that there were at one time enough wild insects to accomplish the task. Upwards to fifty years ago, it was not uncommon for red clover to yield from 10 to 12 bushels of seed per acre, and alfalfa, 8 to 10 bushels. If a crop produced a good stand of flowers, a good set of seed would result when weather conditions were favorable. This is not the case today. As agriculture developed and more land came under the plow, the nests of the wild pollinating insects were destroyed. Heavy grazing of land took a further toll, as did the elimination of rail fences and 'hedges. Planting of large areas to a single crop, forest and grass fires, and the automobile and paved roads added to their destruc- tion. The final step was the wide- spread use of insecticides, which destroyed beneficial insects as well as those which were harmful, and the use of herbicides, which not only was hamnful to wild pollina- ting insects, but destroyed their sources of food and their habitats. Practically every agricultural prac- tice has contributed to the destruc- tion of the wild pollinating insects. With the decline of the wild in- sect population, more and more of the pollination task fell to the honey bee — the only insect which can be controlled by man and moved from one place to another for this purpose. Authoi'ities esti- mate today that more than 80 per- cent of the pollination task re- quired for set of fruit and seed crop is accomplished by honey bees. James I. Hambleton, Chief of the Division of Bee Culture, Bureau of entomology and Plant Quarantine, U. S. D. A., reports that at least 50 agricultural crops are either dependent upon honey bees for their production, or yield more abundantly when bees are plenti- ful. These fruit and seed crops include cranberries and blueberries. In all probability, the most im- portant group of plants requiring cross pollination by insects ai-e the legumes, which make possible the conservation of our soil and the mainteance of its fertility. Fertile lands result in increased yields of crops and livestock, and produce foods that are more nourishing to man and animals. The pollination of legumes makes possible our for- age crops which are the backbone of our production of beef, pork, mutton, milk, butter, cheese, leather, and wool. Pollination thus becomes the key to our agricultural economy — the basis for our na- tional properity. Increased Production Through Planned Pollination Planned pollination may be de- fined as an agricultural practice in which adequate insect pollination is ensured by providing honey-bee colonies. Chance pollination is leaving the fields to be serviced only by wild pollinating insects and honey bees which may be in the area. Obtaining Honey Bees for Pollination Most growers will find it advan- tageous to induce beekeepers to move colonies of honey bees to their crops for pollination purposes. Beekeeping is a highly specialized business. Colonies must have the proper attention at the right time during the year or they become demoralized, the population within the hive declining rapidly. Popu- lous colonies with high morale are essential to maximum results in pollination. They can be main- tained only through intelligent management based on a thorough knowledge of the habits and in- stincts of honey bees. Some growers, however, may find it desirable or perhaps neces- sary to own and operate their own colonies of honey bees. For crops that bloom in early spring, growers can use package bees if they are unable to find a beekeeper nearby who is willing to perform the polli- nation service. Package bees can be obtained from beekeepers in the South and in California. The bees are sold by the pound and are shipped by express or parcel post in a screen cage complete with a queen bee and a can of sugai' sirup for feed while in transit. It is best to install the package of bees in a beehive on arrival. However, the screen cagd can be wrapped in tar paper, placed near the crop to be pollinated, and a flight entrance provided by mak- ing an opening through the side of the cage. George H. Vansell, Division of Bee Culture, found that overwintered colonies sui-passed package bees in population, flight activity, and the amount of pollen gathered. Many growers still feel that they are doing the beekeeper a favor to permit him to place colonies of honey bees near their crops. If the opportunities for honey production are sufficiently great, this could be the case. The beekeeper would be the first to recognize such a sit- uation because he is fundamentally interested in honey production. Bvt it has been conservatively esti- mated by authorities that the pol- lination pei-formed by bees is worth 10 to 20 times the value of the honey and beeswax. In practically every case, the providing of a sufficient number of honeybee colonies to adequately pollinate a crop will not be a profit- able venture for the beekeeper through honey production. The beekeeper, therefore, must be com- pensated in some way for moving colonies in during blooming period and moving them out after the pol- lination service has been per- formed. Performance should be the yard- stick with which to measure the effectiveness of a pollination serv- ice and the extent to which the bee- keeper should be compensated. If seed or fruit crops are increased over normal yields, the grower can afford to pay for this service, either by sharing a part of the crop or by a cash payment. '■'Written and compiled by Roy A. Grout, associate editor of the American Bee Journal and editor of The Hive and Honey Bee, with the help of the staff of Dadant and Sons, Inc., Hamilton, lillinois. The use of information from many sources is herewith acknowledged. This copy was furnished CRAN- BERRIES through the courtesy of the Blue Hill Apiaries, Dorchester, Mass. Twenty Fresh From the Fields (Continued from Page 6) ruary. Record for the month kept at Cranguyma farms sho.ved a total of 11.41 inches, which is well above the average but far from any record for the cranberry r.rea. Normal is 6.72. Total precipitation up to early March was 30% inches. Heaviest storm of February was on 21-2"; which deposited 1.94 inches. Temperatures ranged from a high of 67 on Feb. 5th to a low of 25 on the 10th and 11th. WISCONSIN Wisconsin Short 'n '54 From several sources there seems to be a fes'ing that the Wis- consin crop will be a shorter one in 1954. Most growers in the cen- tral part of the state have been quite short of water, so there will be some winterkill damage. There was comparatively little ice or snow. Then there is the apparent bud damage, in the Northern part of the state, which began to show up last fall. Some New Planting Some new planting will go in this year, but it is said there may not be more than 100 acres in all. Most of this will be to the Searls variety. Much sanding was done this past winter, as it was good weather for that — very little snow. Foresters in California have com- pletad a study in which they found that the rodents planted millions of trees every year by burying pine seeds. Either they stored more food than they needed or forgot where they buried the seeds. Each sportsman who buys a hunting or fishing license in Geor- gia gets a small envelope of pine seeds, which he is asked to plant. Tree planting reminds sportsmen of the value of the woods and to be careful with fire. Tests indicate that a 1 inch thick- ness of ordinary lumber will keep out as much summer heat as 6 in- ches of ordinary brick or 15 inches of sandstone or concrete, according to the "Ostego Forest Cooperator", Cooperstown, N. Y. In other words, the claim is made that wood is 6 to 15 times as efi'icient as an insulator as these other materials. (New Jersey Agricultural News Service) POWER SCYTHE ;^ MAKES TOUGH CUTTING EASY 28' Sickle bar ,«>^,\i1j' cuts weeds, brush, grass — trims close to buildings and trees. Climbs hills. UWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW ATTACHMENTS 20' Full Floollni Reel 16' Rotary Snow Thrower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries International Harvester PUMPS and POWER UNITS CROP SAVER IRRIGATION INTERNATIONAL TRACTORS Now is the time to schedule Winter repairs and overhaul. We offer complete shop service. FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. I . Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Chrlstensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. :»^/a^JJi CO. Iltl WA5DIN0T0N 8TBEET WEST NEWTON W, M.\8». WE PLAN TO PROCESS We doubt if any industry has had to face greater internal conflict and bitterness than we have seen in the cranberry industry dur- ing the past few months. Some have been of the opinion that the only choice is complete capitulation to National, regardless of what that decision might mean to their business and the welfare of the entire cranberry industry. Eatmor believes that this industry should not come under the domination of one or two individuals and is of the opinion that there is a definite need for a second nation-wide cooperative handling both fresh and processed. Our program for fresh and processed cran- berries will be announced shortly. We suggest avoiding any commitments until you have heard our plans for marketing the 1954 crop. Harold E. Bryant EATMOR CRANBERRIES, INC. SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON APRIL SUN glitters and gleams on a i'rost-flooded bog. (CRANBERRIES Photo 30 Cents APRIL 1954 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouch Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES E-xpert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency I'ortable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Eslrihlislu-d 1D22 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS Hall & Cole EsUblishMl 184S Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS MYER'S SPRAYERS PUIVIPS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The Nationa Be Conveniently locati mk of Wareham •d for CrHnberry men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Scrcenhoiises, Bogs and Pumps Means Satislaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM. MASS. To\. 626 Funds always avai lable for sound loans Complete B< inking Service ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES Member Federal D tposit 'nuurance Corp. DIREGTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlingrton 74, Mass. Tel. AR 6-6100, B-6101 WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Acce.ssories East Wareham, Mass. FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. Cooperative Farm Credit 4y2% — 10 year Federal Land Bank Loans Short Term Operating Capital National Farm Loan Association of Bridgewater 10 Main Street Bridgewater, Massachusetts Farmers Production Credit Association of Taunton Corner Weir and High Streets Taunton, Massachusetts Qna DIRECJ£GRYEORCR.\N BERRY GROWERS CROP POLLINATION SERVICE BEE COLONY RENTALS More and better fruit with bees Leonard H. Smith 37 Milwood St. Dorchester, Mass. Tel. AVenue 2-1087 Allan Wood 87 King St. Taunton Mass. Tel. Taunton 4-9021 BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. SHAW & THOMAS Grower's Service Ditch Cleaning - Sanding Frontend Loader - Building Mowing - Renovating F. E. SHAW J. E. THOMAS 37-11 Telephone Carver 8-11 ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES BEES If you have a pollination prob- lem, Consult Us. We make a living on bees and honey. We cannot afford to let our bees loaf. Your bees are serviced once a week. We supply double hives guaran- teed to work. BUSY ^EE 612 Pond St. South Weymouth Located on Highway 58, just past U. S. Naval Air Base. Tel. Weymouth 9-1779J VOLTA OIL CO. Distributor of the Famous TEXACO WATER WHITE KEROSENE For your Bog Tels. 840 Ply. and 1340-R Plymouth, Mass. Hedge Road, North Plymouth J. W. Kurley Co. • COAL • NEW ENGLAND COKE • FUEL OIL For BOGS (METERED TRUCKS) 24— hour Fuel Oil Service Telephone 24-2 149 Main St. WAREHAM Attention Growers!! for your Spring weed control we offer water white kerosene "GRADE A" metered trucks STODDARD SOLVENT SUPERIOR FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. teL 93-J Water White KEROSENE STODDARD SOLVENT TANK TRUCK SERVICE anc HIGH-PRESSURE SPRAYING Arranged. NATHAN G. ROBY Carver, Mass. Range and Fuel Oils TeL 95 Bottled Gas and Appliances Two Directory (Cont.) Middieborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation BE Sure to Use B E E S To Insure a Good "Set." MERRIMACK VALLEY APIARIES offer Complete Pollination Service Phone or Write Andrew T. Card 47 Pond Street Billerica, Mass. Tel. 3079 CRANBERRIES is the only publication of the industry which accepts advertising GEESE As Cranberry Bog Weeders On West Coast (EDITOR'S NOTE: The first news of use of geese on cranberry bogs to reach our attention was that by Vernon Golds- worthy of Wisconsin. Geese have been, and we believe are, used for weeding pur- poses with some other crops besides cranberries.) ^*0>m By Ethel M. Kranick The past two years conversation concerning the benefit of geese on cranberry bogs as a substitute for hand weeding and weed killers has had both advocates and opponents. Sometimes a grower will be highly enthusiastic the first year or two, then change his opinion and get rid of his geese. At a growers meeting, many opinions were aired. The man who does custom grading declared that he would no longer grade berries for any grower who used geese on his bogs after the berries began to bear, because the geese guano made grading a repugnant and difficult task, and no matter what precau- tions were taken he did not feel that the process was very sanitary. On the other hand it .was de- clared that when the berries were sent to the cannery they were so throughly washed there was no sanitary problem any more than from sea gulls or other birds. However, opinion was so strong against the use of geese on bear- ing bogs that the group voted to ask the grading inspector to re- quest growers to remove geese from all bogs before harvest time. Ed Hughes, manager of the NCA cannery at Coquille, Oregon, said. "Geese cannot be considered the entire answer to our weeding prob- lem, but if properly managed can be an asset to any growers." His contention is that geese are very good on bogs the first year or two, while the new bog is being estab- lished, because they keep weeds and weed seed to a minimum, permit- ing the vines to make better growth without the use of either hand weeding or sprays which are de- finitely hard on new vines. Mr. Hughes says that geese which cost about $5 each and need $1 to $2 per year for feed are cheaper than other forms of weed- ing, although it takes 10 geese per acre to keep a bog in fair condi- tion. Having interviewed a number of growers who have used geese, it seems generally conceded that geese can be used to advantage up to the second year or possibly the third year but should be removed when it is time for the berries to bloom and set. Several grow- ers said that after the berries get ripe the geese prefer ripe berries to weed seed ... so it appears that Mr. Hughes is right in stating that the value is definitely a matter of management. In certain periods the geese can be of service but there are times when geese are no asset but a problem. If a bog is so fenced that the geese can work on the borders and adjacent land dur- ing the bearing season and on new or dormant bogs at other times the money in geese may be well invested. Chipmunks and squirrels are among nature's best planters of ponderosa pine. Three Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Record Cold A record-breaking cold wave hit the cranberry area April 3 and and 4 which saw temperatures drop as low as five degrees below zero on one bog and three degrees above on another. These were in- land bogs where temperatures of- ten are colder than in the Cape area, but Dr. Franklin said that in all his experience he had never seen such low temperatures at this time of year. We had a read- ing of sixteen degrees above in our weather shelter at the Cranberry Experiment Station and ten de- grees above on the bog. Fortunate- ly, the last half of March was cold so that the bogs were still dormant. Many buds have been examined on exposed bogs and the damage from frost was not too severe. This cold spell really focussed attention on our frost warning sei-vice. Subsidized Frost Service Arrangements have been com- pleted to send out frost reports as usual over the telephone and radio. The Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association is again spon- soring the telephone frost warning service and it is available to all Massachusetts growers for a very small fee. It is a splendid service and one that should receive greater grower support. A comparatively small number of growers (175-200) have borne the cost for many years. Certainly there are many more who benefit from frost warnings. We wonder if growers realize that the Association has paid all deficits not covered by frost fees from a reserve fund that has been rather severly taxed during the last several years. The Association is not in a position, nor should it be expected to subsidize the frost warning service. As we have stated before, the problem could be easily solved if each grower who values this work would sign up one new telephone subscriber this spring. The additional revenue would guarantee an economic and eff'icient telephone and radio frost service. We have found the radio to be an effective and efficient method of supplementing the telephone re- lay system. However, growers should be acquainted with the fact that under present arrangements if it were not for the frost sub- scribers and their fees, there would be no funds to pay weather ob- servers, telephone distributors, toll charges, plus other operational costs connected with this work. As a result the telephone and radio service as we know it today would have to be eliminated or drastically revamped. We hope this little dissertation will have the desired effect — more subscribers. The Preliminary Keeping Qual- ity Forecast was prepared April 1 and has been mailed to the growers through the County Agents' Of- fices. It read as follows: "Drs. Cross and Franklin state that weather data through March 31 shows that prospects are fair for general keeping quality of the 19.54 Mass. Cranberry crop. Growers who have bogs that tend to pro- duce weak or tender fruit should consider late holding of the flood or spi-aying with a fungicide in bloom — Your marketing agency must hav« high quality fruit." Dr. Station Place Dial A.M. F. M. Aft ernoon Evenings WEEI Boston .590 K. 103.3 me- 2:00 9:30 Tues-Sun. 10:00 Mond.Tys wnz WOCB WBSM Boston W. Yarniou N. Bedford th 1030 K. 92.9 mK. 1240 K. 94.3 mK. 1230 K. 97.3 mK. 2 :.'iO 3 :00 3 :30 9:00 9:30 9 :00 Please note- that Radio Stntion WEEI wan added to the list this year. Franklin prefers to call it a "gamb- ler's forecast" even though it has been very accurate since its in- ception in 1948. The Final Keeping Quality Forecast will be released in June. They are intended only as guides and to that extent they have been most helpful to the growers who have used them. We have a timely insect note prepared by Professor "Bill" Tom- linson on the control of root grubs. It is as follows: "The only control methods for cranberry root grub recommended this year by the Cranberry Experiment Station are those listed on the 1954 Cranberry Inset and Disease Control Chart, ie. flooding from about mid-May to .luly 15-20, sodium cyanide solu- tion or P. D. B. crystals. Though encouraging results were obtained in 1953 on small plots with dieldrin and other materials, there is not sufficient data or experience to justify the use of any of them unless it is completely understood that such applications are experi- mental. When and if we are sure of any of these insecticides and the ways to use and apply them, they will be on the chart, but not before." The writer firmly believes that this is a sound policy and one that should be followed very care- fully. Dr. Cross has outlined some timely information on weed con- trol. He tells us that growers should avoid sanding down the areas where poison ivy, wild bean, and chokeberry are a problem un- less P. D. B. crystals are used under sand. Those who plan to hold their flood waters late this year have a fine opportunity to check cutgrass according to Dr. Cross. Cutgrass treated with kero- sene appproximately eight days after the late flood has been drawn has proved to be the most effective treatment for this particular weed. Late-held water also tends to cause a general reduction of annual f^rasses. The use of Stoddard Sol- vent is recommended for the first time on the new chart. Dr. Cross has found this chemical to be very effective in the control of rushes, asters, and loosestrife. Bet- ter results are obtained when treating loosestrife if one part of kerosene is mixed with one part of Stoddard and applied at the rate of Four 600 gallons per acre. For early wa- ter the spraying with Stoddard should be completed by May 7. In the case of late water, the spray- ing with Stoddard should be com- pleted within four days after with- drawal of the flood. Caution is necessary in handling this chemi- cal because it is highly inflam- mable. Frank Crandon, President of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation, announces that the spring meeting of the Association will be held April 22 at the Ware- ham Town Hall. The morning ses- sion will start at 9 o'clock. Growers will have an opportunity to in- spect equipment and educational exhibits. A light lunch will be served at noon followed by a new type of speaking program. A panel of leading growers and marketing officials has been selected to dis- cuss the topic, "Handling and Mar- keting of the 1954 Cranberry Crop." Mr. Alden C. Brett, a grow- er and a trustee of the University of Massachusetts, will act as nrod- erator. President Crandon invites all growers and their families to attend this meeting. To Find Out HOW TO SAVE MONEY ON YOUR HARVESTING, AND TO HARVEST WHEN YOU ARE READY TO HARVEST and TO OBTAIN COMPLETE DETAILS ON THE 1954 Western Picker CONTACT LOUIS SHERMAN 7 Cushman Street Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Ply. 14-54 Final winter-spring meetings of Upper and Lower Cape Cod Cran- berry clubs were held at Cotuit, April 6th and East Harwich, April 7th respectively, with programs concerning explanations of '54 in- sect and disease and weed control charts, and a talk on liquid fer- tilizers by Dr. F. B. Chandler. (An article upon this subject with new developments is to be published in a later issue.) William E. Tomlinson, Jr. gave the explanation of the insect and disease chart (published elsewhere in this issue). The same slate of officers was re-elected at Cotuit: Charles Sav- ory, president; Victor Adams, vice president; Arthur Handy, secre- tary; Alvin Crocker, treasurer. Lower Cape officers are: Lloyd Doane, president; Ozzie Bearse, vice president; Calvin C. Eldridge, secretary-treasurer. Dr. Cross pointed out that for the first time Stoddard Solvent was officially approved as a con- trol on the weed chart. He urged growers to become members of the frost warning service, sponsored by Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association, saying additional membership was much needed. Appreciation of the cooperation of cranberry growers in their spray and dust programs along streams that had been stocked with fish was expressed by a repre- sentative of the State Department of Conservation, game and fisher- ies. He also hoped there would be continued cooperation this season. In his talk Dr. Chandler de- scribed the use of soluable ferti- lizers and showed pictures with ex- planations of salt damage to cran- berry bogs. Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1 . Growers supplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. ANNOUNCEMENT! The new and greatly improved 1954 model WESTERN PICKER will be assembled by the Carlson Mfg. Co. at Kingston, Mass. The Cranberry Credit Corp., has signified its will- ingness to co-operate with growers in financing WEST- ERN PICKERS on terms that undoubtedly will be satisfactory. The established price of a WESTERN PICKER is $930 If you place your order before May 1, 1954 the full price is $837 FOB Kingston, Mass. WESTERN PICKERS, Inc. 1172 HEMLOCK AVE. Coos Bay, Oregon Fiv» Spring Meeting Of Cape Growers Is April 22nd Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association is to hold its annual spring meeting Thursday, April 22 at Warehani Memorial Town Hall. The day starts off at 9 with com- mercial exxhibits and demonstra- tions of cranberry equipment, sup- plies and insecticides. This is al- ways one of the most instructive, and most-enjoyed features. There is a light lunch at 12 noon. At 1 p. ra. comes the brief As- sociation business meeting. "Basic Principles in the Han- dling and Marketing of the Cran- berry Crop," is the subject of a panel discussion. The moderator is to be Alden C. Brett, a trustee of the University of Massachusetts, a businessman and a cranberry grow- er. Panel members are to be: Prof. Frederick E. Cole, Dr. Chester E. Cross, Kenneth Garside, Robert C. Hammond, Maurice B. Makepeace and Ralph Thacher. All these men ar^ well-known to many Massachu- setts cranberry growers. HUBBARD Insecticides Fungicides Dusts or Sprays A Complete Line and Prompt Service The ROGERS & HUBBARD Co. Portland, Connecticut New Process Plant Proposed For Wisconsin The idea of a new cranberry pro- cessing plant at Eagle River in Northern Wisconsin, with the em- phasis of the principal end- product upon a maraschino cran- berry is being developed. Proposal is also to manufacture conventional cranberry sauce and cranbei'ry relish. Interested is Vernon Golds- worthy. Maraschino cranberries could be placed upon the market in competi- tion with the maraschino cherry, at an estimated ten percent less cost than the latter. The cherry, so processed has a number of uses, including candy, relish, ice cream sauce, bakery products, etc. Cranberries grown in the Eagle River, Three Lake area now amount to about .3.5,000 barrels, cranberry cultivation having begun there about seven years ago, with Goldsworthy being the pioneer grower. There is said to be high potentiality in future production, which is one of the reasons why the proposal was originated. A group of businessmen of the Three Lakes Area Chamber of Commerce has started a drive to raise about $20,000 for the erection of the building, $7,000 already hav- ing been pledged. Total cost of the project is $25-35,000. Growers are proposing to finance certain fea- tures. The building would contain about 7,200 square feet. It is expected to start with, about .30 people would be employed the year-round. Aim is to have the new plant in operation this fall. Goldsworthy is a graduate of the University of Wisconsin and the project, is said to have the endorse- ment of the Alumni Foundation, which has assisted in testing and developing the idea Goldsworthy conceived of a maraschino cran- beri-y. The Alumni develops new ideas and processes m any field of endeavor, leasing its processes and discoveries on a royalty basis. The corporation to process Is to be known as the Cranberry Pro- ducts, Incorporated; Goldsworthy president, Victor Raddant, vice- president and Ralph Sampson, sec- retary-treasurer. CAPE COD CRANBERRIES MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 §if \J t^'" '''"'"'"' "^^^^^^^ rSSUE <^r APRIL. 1954— VOL. IS NO. 12 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Waieham. Massachusetts. Subscription, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-ofTice at Wareham. Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS One Degree a Day Plus March was one degi-ee a day warmer than normal, which, inci- dentally brings the total of plus degrees since January 1 to 154. Rainfall was 3.77 inches, which is about a half inch less than normal. Sunshine Up Sunshine hours totalled 260 which is 48 above the norm. March is an important month in the mat- ter of quality of the fruit, rather than size of crop. However, as regards both quality and quantity, the month was generally a helpful one. March Went Out Like a Lion The first of the month was above normal in temperatures, while the latter part was definitely below. March on the Cape this year re- versed the old saying, and came in like a lamb, going out like a lion. In fact, there was a little snow on the final day and some heavy flur- ries on April first. This reversal should have held back vines for frost time. The water table is generally well up over the past several years. Much Late Water Much acreage was out of water, but this, in many cases, was more for a breather and because of heavy scum, rather than a per- manent drawing. Apparently many growers are taking the advice of research workers at the Experi- ment Station to hold late to im- prove quality. Those at the State Bog are following their own advice and the bog which has been out of water much of the winter is to go under to be held late. Also late holding eliminates frost trou- bles, with the incident expense, and aids in weed control. Spring Work For spring work there is some sanding going on, not an undue amount, raking and the usual ac- tivities. There is a definitely grow- ing interest this year in picking machines. January in April It was January in spring the first four days of April. Even though the Boston weather bureau went back to the 1870's to find sim- ilar cold, the records of those days were shattered. Temperatuers as recorded at the State Bog, East Wareham, in the shelter were: April 1, minimum 24, maximum, 41; 2nd, 33-47; 3rd, 16- 36; 4th, 18-37. Individual ther- mometers in various localities went all the way from 8 degrees up. Ice skimmed over small ponds and cranberry bogs. To make the situ- ation worse, high winds from the northwest blew much of the time. Some guests were extremely bitter. Departure from normal for the four days was minus 32 (Boston.) There was probably no injury to bogs, although this was being dis- cussed as this issue went to press. NEW JERSEY March Weather Near Normal Near-normal weather prevailed at Pemberton during March. The temperature was only .1°F. warmer than the norm of 42.1° and rainfall exceeded the norm of 3.59 inches by .62 inches. High winds occun-ed throughout most of the month, making it difficult for blue- berry growers to apply their dor- mant oil sprays. Season Appears Ahead As of the end of March the sea- son appears to be well ahead of normal, but a few days behind 1953. A few proponents of early drawing had already withdrawn the winter flood from their bogs. WASHINGTON Some March Injury During March there were several cold nights which produced some injury. The lowest was 17 as re- corded at the Cranberry-Blueberry lab. However, since most buds were just starting to swell, the damage was probably small. There was also a drying wind when the relative humidity dropped to 44 percent. Spring Work Most work during March was preparation of sprinklers for the frost season, replanting old bog and new planting on some areas. By April first some growers had this work completed. Townsend Mouse The Townsend mouse continues to be a rather difficult problem and to date various baits which have been tried have not proved successful. The man who lives within his income lives without worry — and a lot of other things. WANTED Used WESTERN PICKER in good condition, for immediate delivery. write CRANBERRIES magazine Wareham, Mass. Seven BEES and FOOD for BEES F. B. Chandler This time of year we often think of planting seeds and trans- planting shrubs. If cranberry growers make the proper selection for use on cranberry uplands they will increase the food of bees and as a result the number of bees will be increased The results of some of my pre- vious experiments with bees and cover crops for blueberries might be used to advantage by cranberry growers. We planted cover crops on blueberry land to increase the organic matter and to smother out all other plants before setting se- lected blueberries. A number of cover plants were used, also buck- wheat and millet. Of these, white sweet clover and buckwheat proved to be the most satisfactory plants and these were grown for four or five years. The first year the clover and buckwheat came into blossom there were only a few bees present, generally less than one per square foot. The number of honey bees and bumble bees in- creased annually until they were extremely plentiful, as there were about six to the square foot on buckwheat blossoms. These bees were all wild, bumble bees, sand bees, and wild honey bees (both German and Italian, that had gone wild and were nesting in hollow trees). The wild bees were probably de- creasing in that area previous to the planting of the white sweet clover and buckwheat for two rea- sons. They were, in part, being starved because the blueberry growers were continually removing the weeds from their blueberry fields and some of the bees were being poisoned by the insecticides which were being applied to the blueberry plants. While the plant- ing of buckwheat and white sweet clover probably decreased slightly the number of bees that were being poisoned as bees were attracted away from the dusted area, its greatest benefit probably was to supply food for the bees after the blueberries were out of blossom and before the fall flow of the nec- tar of asters and golden-rod. In these fields of white clover and buckwheat that were not dusted, it appeared to me the greater benefit was due to the fact that they were producing nectar and pollen, often called bee food, so that the bees did not starve dur- ing the winter. Plant Uplands With Bee Food It appears to me that in the cranberry area a similar thing may be occurring. In cleaning the up- lands, which is a desirable practice to control insects, a number of flowering plants have been re- moved, eliminating the supply of bee food in the vicinity of the bogs. Therefore, cranberry grow- ers might do well to plant part l,*^' *■ A Shore Bee Food Planting at Cape Cud t ujupany Bug. Eight (I'hotu by F. B. Chandlci) of their upland with flowering plants that are good bee food, that will not become weeds on the bog and will not harbor cranberry insects. Several years ago Harry Horn- blower studied a list of plants rec- ommended for food for bees. He removed from this list the pl!»nts which blossomed at the same time cranberries blossomed, those plants which were hosts for cranberry in- sects, and those plants which might become weeds on cranberry bogs. The final list contained five plants which seem quite promising for this kind of work. They are wild lupine, white sweet clover, sweet pepperbush, forsythia and spirea. White sweet clover grows 4 or 5 feet tall and is not the little white clover commonly found on lawns. Forsythia and spirea are cultivated forms of plants which you may have at home and which could be divided or propagated and set on the cranberry uplands. These five plants give a reasonable distribu- tion of flowering, only forsythia coming before cranberries. It gives considerable flowering before the bees are able to pick up golden- rod and aster honey which is found in abundance in close proximity to most bogs. The Cape Cod Com- pany has had planted two or three acres of the upland around Long Pond bog. The number of wild bees has been increased and at the same time the plantings have beau- tified the upland. It wil be noticed that buckwheat was omitted in the above list. It is a good plant and could be used but it would require some work such as scratching it in or culti- vating it in every spring. Non^ of the plants listed will grow on the bog and they harbor few, if any, cranberry insects. BETTY BUCHAN TO SPEAK AT EDITORS' CONFERENCE Miss Betty Buchan, publicity editor of National Cranberry As- sociation, will be a panel speaker at the 2-day joint conference of Connecticut and Massachusetts Industrial Editors to be held April 29 and 30 in Stamford. Subject of her talk is "What Do You Read And Why." CONTROL Cranberry Root Grubs White Grubs Poison Ivy Chokeberry Wild Bean use PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE The Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station Charts recommend Para-dichlorobenzene for treating Root Grubs, White Grubs, Chokeberry, Poison Ivy and Wild Bean. For best results, bogs should be treated in April or early May. Ask for details. SOLVAY PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE FOR TREATING CRANBERRY BOGS is distributed by TH[ CRANBERRY TRADING POST • Onset, Mass. • Hanson, Mass. • North Harwich, Mass. SOLVAY PROCESS DIVISION AjMed rhemical Allied Chemical & Dye Coropration 61 BROADWAY, NEW YORK 6, NEW YORK Nina "Cet-Togefher'' Meeting Called By National What was termed by M. L. Urann, president of NCA as "the first meeting of one national co- operative for cranberry growers," was held at the Boui-ne (Mass.) Memorial building the evening of March 24th. This was a dinner meeting, with about 250 attending, including "old" members of NCA and "new" ones, fornierly member:, of the now dissolved New England Cranberry Sales Company. Mr. Urann, acting- as chairman, predicted a brighter future for the entire cranberry industry. He said that in his many years in the cran- berry industry he had formed the opinion that one co-operative for both fresh and processed cranber- ries would be most valuable to all growers. He spoke of "advantages, economies and efficiency" which could be derived through NCA. Addressing the former New Eng- land members he said, "By your re- cent vote (March 3rd) to liquidate the local company and your deci- sion to join National Cranberry Association you have led the way to a more secure future for the in- dustry. Because of your vote NCA will market both fresh and proc- essed cranberries next fall and will have at least 800,000 barrels of cranberries to handle, the new NCA fresh fruit department will take care of 300,000 barrels, leaving .500,000 for canning." He outlined NCA's plan for han- dling fresh berries of the '54 crop. He said he expected to have "the pick" of the fresh berry pack. He urged growers to grow top quality fruit. He continued that NCA will have one pool for the '54 berries, wheth- er they are sold fresh or processed. He said mem'bers would receive advances according to NCA's cus- tom, the first advance being when berries are delivered, with further payments as the money is earned. The final payment will be made, he said, when the entire pool is sold. He then pointed out that NCA was not starting its fresh fruit de- partment "green." Studies of the fresh fruit market have been made since 1945. He introduced E. Clyde McGrew, formerly Eastern Sales Manager for Eatmor, and now NCA's head of fresh fruit sales. Mr. McGrew had been with Eatmor for 35 years. Mr. McGrew said he didn't feel he was making a change, but "going along with you folks." He reported that letters sent to fresh produce brokers had already brought back replies from 75 per cent, and but one expressed an in- terest in Ocean Spray fresh cran- berries. Miss Sue Pitnvan, for many years with New England Sales, will al- locate fresh berry shipments, and Miss Kathryn Pi-att, for many years with Eatmor, will become NCA's credit manager for fresh cranberries. C. & L Equipment Co. ACUSHNET, MASS. .*/«»*^ -^^K^iJi! CRANBERRY PRUNER BOTH OUR PRUNER AND POWER RAKE MAY BE RENTED or WE WILL PRUNE AND RAKE YOUR BOG FOR YOU. THE COST AND EFFICIENCY IS ALMOST UNBELIEVABLE. For further information contact either — F. P. CRANDON 1191 Main Street Tel. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Tel. New Bedford 3-4332 Ten Leslie A. Blake, former general manager of New England, and now NCA's manager of fresh berry plant operations, assured those present there would be no hitch in the delivery of berries next fall. Former Sales Company plants would be in operation. John C. Makepeace, whose in- terests produced 110,00 barrels last fall, explained why he joined NCA. He said that cranberries are his means of livlihood and he was look- ing for the best possible means of selling them. His reasons for choosing NCA were that no other organization offered its facilities and "know-how." He said that NCA's sound, long-range promo- tions had built a larger demand for cranberries than any other organ- ization. Other speakers were James E. Glover, assistant to Mr. Urann, and John F. Harriott, assistant treas- urer. The meeting closed with a question and answer period. URANN CHIEF SPEAKER AT CAPE MEETINGS National Cranberry Association expects to have at leaest 80 percent of the nation's cranberry tonnage this year, Marcus L. Urann, presi- dent, told growers attending meet- ings of the Upper Cape Cod Cran- berry clubs at Cotuit March 9 and at Harwich the following night. He anticipates the '54 production at about 900,000 barrels. National would expect to sell about 300,000 barrels fresh, of its share, and about 500,000 in cans. He said ar- rangements had already been made to dispose of 100,00 bai'rels of the fresh tonnage. He said desperate efforts were being made to hold Eatmor Cran- berries, Inc., from dissolution since New England Cranberry Sales Company sold its assets and liabili- ties to National and voted itself out of existence. These effors are mostly in Wisconsin, he said. "If I were to answer the question, has Eatmor gone out of business, I would say I don't know. Things are in a state of flux." He declared competition in the fresh fruit market this year will be "between Cape Cod and Wiscon- sin." National is trying to avoid, such a sitiuation, he continued. "We are going to try to get rid of all the Eastern Early Blacks, either fresh or canned, and get rid of them fast, before the Wisconsin berries (which develop later) can get into competition." He said he was fighting to main- tain the §2.00 a case price for canned sauce, and if this can be continued next year, with NCA controlling 80 percent of the crop, growers returns on the total crop could be expected to be satisfac- tory. He said, however, there would be at least nine different fresh fruit selling agencies in the field for the coming '54 crop. Concerning one big- overall co-op, he said National had long advo- cated that, and within an hour af- ter an independent sui-vey of in- dustry, some years ago in which the survey recommended a merger between NCA and Eatmor (then American Cranberry Exchange) National went on record as being agreeable to such a consolidation. In explaining what has happened recently with the acquisition of New England's assets and liabili- ties, Mr. Urahn said Eatmor came to NCA offering a merger. But, he said National felt it was satisfied with things as they were. He characterized the dissolution of New England and joining of NCA by growers as a "growers' move- ment." He said, "The growers, for the first time took the lead them- selves. We kept still. You haven't heard much from us." He continued National was asked to take over more weak berries from Eatmor for processing than had been de- sirable in view of market condi- ONE-WAY LOW -LI FT TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls for both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. Eleven tions. He said National members strenuously objected to National being left "holding the bag" in that way. Mr. Urann said be believed Eat- mor had made the mistake of at- tempting to get too much for fresh fruit last fall. He said indepen- dents went to S18 and then stopped, while Eatnior reached a top asking price of S21. National will return to members, for the '53 crop S15 a bbl., and he expects National will pay another dollar to members in April, making payments so far $8. There are at present about 400,000 barrels in NCA freezers or in cans, and this will be reduced to about 200,000 by the opening of the ac- tive season next fall, which will mean than NCA will have about a million barrels to sell in 1954. National had paid a total of ap- proximately S463,00 for New Eng- land'ss assets, he said, and growers were flocking to join National. He said NCA could absorb and handle the additional tonnage of fruit by adding only six employees as com- pared to a total of 36 which Eat- mor and New England had used in operations in the offices at New Bedford and Middleboro. Final speakers were James E. Glover, assistant vice president to Mr. Urann, and Prof. Roy E. Mo- sher of the Mass. Extension Serv- ice. They discussed Mass. water rights, partnerships in busi- ness and the value of a will being made. MASSACHUSETTS KEEPING QUALITY FORECAST The anxiously-awaited Massa- chusetts preliminary keeping qual- ity forecast was prepared April 1st and mailed out to growers. It follows. Drs. Cross and Franklin state that weather data through March 31 shows that prospects are fair for general keeping quality of the 1954 cranberry crop. Growers who have bogs that tend to produce weak or tender fruit should con- sider late holding of the flood or spraying with a fungicide in bloom. Your marketing agency must have quality fruit." The surest way to have no fu- ture is to live in the belief that the future is tomorrow. Eafmor is to Enter Field Of P recessing Manager Bryant Sees Ade- quate Tonnage in 1954, Loyal Members and New Efficiency in Operations. Eatmor Cranberries has com- pleted plans for enlarged company operations to cover the sale of fresh and processed cranberries. According to Eatmor's General Manager, Harold E. Bryant, the new sales program will emphasize continued aggressive sales of fresh cranberries and an arrangement with several independent process- ors whereby Eatmor's canning ber- ries will be processed and sold un- der the Eatmor brand name. Lester F. Haines, Chicago, will continue as Western Sales Man- ager for Eatmor fresh cranberries while Stanley D. Benson of Lake- ville, Massachusetts has been ap- pointed Eastern Sales Manager. Benson succeeds E. C. McGrew, who has terminated all ofi'icial capacities with Eatmor to take a position with National Cranberry Association. At the grower level local com- pany units are being replaced by direct 100 percent membei'ship in Eatmor for sale of the growers' entire tonnage of fresh and pro- cessed cranberries. Under the previous plan, part of the grow- ers' tonnage was sold through Eat- mor and part through National Cranberry Association. Grower contact will be main- tained through three branch man- agers: Stanley D. Benson for Mas- sachusetts, Leo A. Sorenson for Wisconsin and Walter Z. Fort for New Jersey. "We now have", Bryant com- mented, "the key personnel and complete operational program that will make Eatmor a powerful fac- tor in the cranberry industry. We will have a solid block of growers from Wisconsin, a normal percent- age from New Jersey and a sur- prisingly large total from Massa- chusetts. The break from National and new Eatmor program now ap- pears asured of providing us with adequate tonnage for an eff'ective sales organization. It will also give us an organization of loyal 100 percent members that should bring many new eff"iciencies into our company operation." The Eatmor off'ice at 5 South Sixth Street, New Bedford, will remain in operation. "It ain't no use putting up your umbrella 'til it rains." BUT you better buy that umbrella before it is needed. The same is pretty much true of insurance. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 Tw^Iv^ MORSE BROS. TO PACK EATMOR Massachusetts Eatmor packing- is to be done by Morse Bros, of Attleboro, General Manager Bry- ant announces. Detailed plans of the new arrangement are not ready for release yet, however. Morse Bros, have modern equipment which may be augmented. Morse Bros, have been packing under the Paradise Meadows brand name. "Morse Bros.," says Mr. Bry- ant, "have always enjoyed a repu- tation for high quality fruit and they will be able to handle a large volume of Eatnror fresh cranber- ries." The Morses (CRANBERRIES, Aug. 1952) are large cranberry growers in their own right. Tipworm Called Most Damaging Jersey Insect Ocean County Cranberry Club Hears Talks on In- sects, Rot Control, Fertil- izers. Edward V. Lipman, president of the Ocean County Cranberry Club, convened one of the largest meet- ings this local club has had. Held at Toms River, N. J., on April 2, 38 growers and friends were pres- ent for an excellent dinner followed by a speaking program and elec- tion of new officers. Daniel Mc- Ewen Crabbe was elected presi- dent; Harold Haines, vice presi- dent; Richard P. Hartman, seci'e- tary, and Alfred Greer, Jr., treas- urer. The club decided to proceed as in previous years with their frost warning system. Tipworm Worst Jersey Insect Philip E. Marucci, N. J. Agricul- tural Experiment Station, pre- sented new information on the rela- tive importance of various cran- berry pests. He pointed out that the worst pests of previous years have caused relatively little dam- age on bogs that are being sprayed or dusted for insects. Spargano- this, usually a problem in New Jersey, was less troublesome thar cranberry fruitworm, which is gen- erally a minor pest. Cranberry scale, which was causing serious damage on many bogs in 1951 and 1952, has now naturally subsided. Tipworm is the most general and probably the most damaging of New Jersey cranberry insects. An jlflllliBII wuiii. CRANBERRIES COMPLETE GROWER PROTECTION 1. All berries pooled. A ceiling on sales costs. 2. 3. 4. Verification of pool prices by outside CPA audit. Full information available to all asso- ciates at all times. Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN TO CONTROL CRANBERRY FRUIT WORM USE RonnoHE and RVAN/A ADEQUATE STOCKS AVAILABLE Thirteen average of from about 25 to 35 percent of the cranberry uprights in New Jersey are attacked by this insect. The clear-cut improvement of pollination by the increased use of honey bees points out the fact that wild bees, which did an adequate pollinating job in the past, now have become less abundant on cranberry bogs. It was observed that growers who used kerosene in 1953 to control weeds also obtained good insecticidal action. Spargan- othis and tipworm infestations were very much reduced on bogs which received kerosene. Fort Shows Slides Walter Z. Fort, Eatmor Cran- berries, Inc., showed a particularly interesting new set of slides which illustrates the important steps in a year's work on the cranberry bogs with excellent detail as to the importance of each job. He showed a second series on different important insect pests, stages in their life cycles, and damage which they cause. Varney on Rots Eugene H. Varney, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, reviewed his 1953 findings in rot control, pointing out that Ferbam is still the leading Protects Cranguyma! Provide Protect iorpy/ from Frost and Drought at Cranguyma Forms, Long Beach, Wash. Spreading out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultura'. Engineers. Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today without obligation. Spllnklir ltil|illao liioclltlgn NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA fungicide in cranberry rot control. In very rainy weather no fungicide will maintain fully satisfactory control. Ferbam in rainy weather ought to be repeated in 7 days, while Bordeaux may hold up for 10 days. The new sprays, Manzate and Zineb, gave significantly bet- ter results than anything else in 1953. They are, however, more ex- pensive. Both Manzate and Zineb delay coloring of the berries. (A more detailed statement was pub- lished in March CRANBERRIES.) Doehlert on 4 Years Of Fertilizer Experiments Charles A. Doehlert, N. J. Agri- cultural Experiment Station, sum- marized the results of four years of experimentation with cranberry fertilizers. Among the most strik- ing results, was the finding that fertilizer (used up to 300 lb. per acre and with analyses of 7-7-7-, 3-12-6, and 0-14-14) had no signi- ficant influence on the occurence of cranberry fruit rot, either with fertilizer or without fertilizer. Also, on one bog, 4 years of hand- picking and no walking on the vines raised the yield from 28 to 70 barrels per acre, even when no fertilizer at all was used. More details on these experiments ap- 'c^r in another article on the next page. U IT PAYS TO READ CRAr^JBERRIES Xrainy sprinkler sales, 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA S, ILL. BOX COMPANY, Gnc. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones— Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding Conclusions Drawn in Fertilizer Experiments Charles A N. J. Asricultural Uoehleit Experiment Station The New Jersey Experiment Sta- tion's cranberry fertilizer project was laid aside after the season of 1941, with one slight exception. The work was begun again in 1950. Detailed reports on the present ex- perimental work are appearing in the Proceedings of the Anrerican Cranberry Growers' Association be- ginning with the issue of August 1952. This article will summarize the main conclusions presented be- fore that Association at its annual meeting of Feb. 4, 1954, and at the annual meeting of the Ocean Coun- ty Cranberry Club on April. Results Obtained The conclusions reviewed here are based on 1954 yields obtained on 100 plots operating on one prop- erty since 1950, 264 plots on a second property in 1952 and 1953, and 48 plots on a third property in 1954. We will not attempt to de- scribe the various treatments and the layouts of the experiments since that will appear in other ar- ticles. The conclusions presented here are significant at the 5% level (odds 19 to 1 that the re- sults are not due to chance), or better. For Total Yield The most advantageous timing, out of 4 combinations tried, was half in June and half in August (150 lb. 7-7-7 per acre each time). The timing tried was 300 lb. about June 15, 300 lb. about Aug. 1, 300 lb. about Oct. 1, and lastly, half in June and half in August. There has been no significant difference between the use and omission of magnesium^', either in total yield or size of individual bei'ries. The use or omission of potash did not change the total yield of fruit. However, berries approached significantly smaller size where the potash was omitted. For Size of Berry Applying fertilizer (7-7-7) June 15 was superior to the other tim- ing combinations and to all other (5) fertilizer treatments tried. Applying half the fertilizer June 15 and half August 1 was superi- or to applying all on August 1 or all on October 1. The two treatments comparing magnesium and no magnesium in a 7-7-7 fertilizer produced berries of the same weight. The mag- nesium used was 9 lb. magnesium oxide per acre in combination with 18 lb. each of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potasium oxide. For Sound Berries There was a wide variation of fruit rot, from 2 to 20 percent rot in one experiment and 30 to 80 percent rot in another. In no case could an increase or decrease of fruit rot be attributed to the fer- tilizer treatment. Neither did the omission of all fertilizer show any effect on the percentage of rot. It should be remembered that these statements refer to three fertilizer formulas, 7-7-7, 3-12-6, and 0-14-14, and to rates of application not ex- ceeding 300 pounds per acre per year. August 1 Application A single application of fertilizer on August 1 did not change the total crop yield or percent of fi-uit rot for that season. Three different fertilizers were compared, namely, 8-8-8 and 3-12-6 at the rate of 200 pounds per acre and rock phosphate at 1000 pounds per acre. Because of the slow rate at which rock phos- phate becomes available, this test will be continued and the present statement in regard to rock phos- phate should not be taken as im- portant. Fruit buds formed per 100 up- rights were increased by the 8-8-8 mixture only. N. E. WEATHER HODGE-PODGE in '53 Boston weather bureau reports that 1953 in New England was a year of extremes and a real New England holdge-podge. It was the warmest in 66 years. Every month, with the exception of August, was warmer than normal and that month had a notable heat wave, one that lasted through into the second day of Seotember and didn't do the cranberry crop any good. Precipitation was 6.87 inches above normal, the heaviest since 1945 and the 6th heaviest since 1888. There was a severe snow and ice storm in January of '53, and a late season snowstorm April 13-14 and the "Worcester" tornado in June. x»ai..«a«N^a..«>?g>.i<^i.y^?=>^.<^Rkj!S>.-'W'^'^^a>^^^^ -'■^ ■■ HEL8C0PTER PEST CONTROL DUSTING AND SPRAYING NORWOOD, MASS. RAY MORSE, Agent Tel. Wareham 405-W4 Fifteen EXPLANATiON OF THE MASS. INSECT, DISEASE CONTROL CHART Reconsideration of the Values Spraying is Suggested. (Editor's Note; The following is an im- portant paper read before the March meetings of Massachusetts Cranberry clubs by the Entomologist at the Experi- ment Station. It should be read by Mas- sachusetts growers and will probably prove of interest to those of other states.) By William E. Tomlinson. .Ir. A group of growers met at the Cranberry Station on January 26 to discuss and revise the cranberry spray chart. Changes that were felt to be needed following exper- iences and observations with pest control practices in 195.3 were made. There were no drastic changes this year either in materials or methods. Though changes in ma- terials are in prospect, it was felt that more experimentation and trial is needed before they are in- cluded in the recommendations. This year we have rearranged the order of taking up the insects on the chart so that they appear on the chart in the order which they should be treated or expected to oc- cur in relation to the other pests. In line with the general sub- ject of improved fruit quality we have added an item in the summary under Spring Reflows and under the remarks in Fruit Rots concerning the possible harmful effects of re- flows in late May and in June on the keeping quality of the crop. It is realized that frost flooding may be necessary during that period at which time it is possible to use the flood to kill insects also. How- ever, generally it is better for quality not to flood during this period unless it is really necessary so plan to control insects by spray- ing or dusting and make use of a frost flow only when there is real frost danger. If you do combine a frost flow and insect control, make the flood as brief as possible to accomplish its purpose, and remem- ber that in dense vines drying out is very slow which increases the rot hazard. The root grub treatments remain the same as in previous years — flooding, cyanide, and P. D. B. That we are working on other of Ground Dusting, possibilities for root grub control most of you are no doubt aware. We have had some encouraging- results in our preliminary trials but much more extensive testing and further reflnement and ade- quate time to properly evaluate the tests must be had before we can safely make recommendations on the chart. Cranberry Scale has been moved up on the chart directly under root grub. Holding the winter flood until mid-July is still the only treatment suggested. That this leaves much to be desired from a control standpoint we realize, but we know of no other reliable con- trol method at the present time. Fortunately natural control fac- tors have been saving us from disaster and most infestations have declined naturally. Good control following applications of oils or organic iihophates have been re- ported from New Jersey which we have been unable to duplicate here. Gypsy moth. Yes, there are such things not too far from the cranberry area. There was actual- ly more defoliation caused by this insect in Massachusetts in 1953 than in any other previous year, but most of it was in the western part of the state. However, there was a large area of heavy infesta- tion and some defoliation from Bel- lingham to Milton in Norfolk County that presents a serious threat to this area. Trapping of male moths in Plymouth and Barn- stable counties, though still at a low rate, has shown an increase in both 1952 and 1953. Traps are set out in 1 mile squares through- out the towns and areas surround- ing active traps are being treated. In this way it is hoped to maintain the gypsy moth population at a low level in these counties for quite a few years yet. In 1953, 13,090 acres were treated in Barn- stable and Plymouth Counties or about 2 percent of the area treated in 1949 and 1950. Control of gypsy moth is ob- tained with DDT sprays or dusts or by flooding for 24 hours in the latter half of May. We are recom- mending the 9 percent DDT con- centrate as first choice and you will notice that this year we give you the choice of the emulsion or the oil solution. There is some danger of burning when either of these is applied too heavily on ten- der, new leaves or berries. False armyworm and blossom worm control remains the same. Flooding was kept in first place because a flood that early in May should not seriously aff'ect keep- ing quality one way or the other These are insects that you can plan to control with a frost flow many years. The 9 percent DDT concentrate, either water miscible or solution, is first perference after flooding, followed by the 10 percent dust and the regular DDT spray. For weevil control we have also moved the 9 percent concentrate up to first preference. The 36-hour flood has been removed this year because of lack of consistent re- sults where it was used and be- cause of the efl'ects of such a long- flood at this time on keeping quality. For the newly emerged beetles in July cryolite dust or spray is suggested as well as DDT dust. Cryolite at that time is of more value than DDT in controlling fruitworm. If fruitworm is not a problem DDT will do the job for considerably less cost. Green spanworm has been moved up on the chart right after weevil. DDT concentrate, dust and spray, are recommended in that order. Both the water miscible and the oil solution may be used, but some fruit and foliage spotting may occur if they are used after mid-June. Black-headed fireworm treat- ments remain the same except that the 9 percent DDT concentrate has been added for control of first gen- eration larvae only. Reflows were kept in first place because of their cheapness and effectiveness, but keep in mind that those areas of heavy vines where black-heads are most troublesome and difficult to control are also the same areas where you will have the most trouble from rot. Rotenone dusts and sprays are listed as alterna- Sixteen tives for flooding or DDT treat- ments. Yellow-headed fireworm control remains unchanged with DDT dust or holding the water until May recommended. The fruit rot section, according to experiences in 1953, deserves much more attention. Holding the winter water until late May is at the head of the list. Where you do hold the water late you must keep it deep or your production is likely to be reduced. Also avoid reflows after a late flood or the beneficial effects on quality may be nullified. An important change in the tim- ing of sprays and dusts for rot control has been made this year. Two treatments are advocated, the first when the bog is 5 to 10 per- cent in bloom and the second 10 days later or at about the peak of bloom. Both ferbam and bor- deaux mixture are still good fun- gicides. All of the insecticides we recommend on the chart can be used with ferbam and all except cryolite with bordeaux mixture. If you want to combine a rot and fruit worm application, don't use bordeaux if you plan to use cryo- lite. If you plan to use materials not suggested on the chart in com- bination with ferbam or bordeaux you would do well to check com- patibilities as there are some com- binations that may cause plant in- A ferbam dust. made up of one part ferbam and two parts of talc or other suitable diluent can be used, but don't expect the results that a good spray job gives. On heavy vines this is particularly true, in fact coverage adequate to control fruit rots under such condi- tions is diff'icult to obtain with a ground spray. Girdler has been moved up di- rectly under fruit rots since it is at this time that control of the in- sect by killing of the moths is pos- sible. DDT dust or wettable powder sprays kill the moths very well. Regular resanding of course takes care of the girdler problem and gets first preference as a control meausre. Also, a six-day flood be- tween September 15 and 26 is an effective treatment that can be re- sorted to if early berries are har- vested on the bog by that time. If floats are desirable next fall, that is a good time to get floats and kill girdlers at the same time on Early Black bogs. Blunt-nosed leafhopper control still depends on DDT, but for those of you who experienced difficulty with this insect last year we have put back the rotenone dust and spray treatments. We are not en- tirely happy about these leafhopper recommendations, but more work is needed on alternative materials before we dare recommend them. Flooding is no longer recom- mended for leafhopper control be- cause of the possible effect on qual- ity and because it is at best only about 50 percent effective. Spittle insect control recom- mendations have not been changed. Tip worm control is unchanged. Fruitworm recommendations are unchanged but in an attempt to clarify the timing of the treat- ments, we have changed it to read: Two treatments usually necessary: First about July 4-10, second 10 days later. Applications should be based on egg counts anyway. Among the several materials' tested this past season, rotenone and fish oil soap was still one of the better materials. Brown Spanworm — unchanged. Spotted cutworms, black cut- worms and armyworm — unchanged. Brown grasshopper — unchanged. Fairy Ring — unchanged. Before I sit down I would like to make a few remarks concerning control practices in general. Dur- ■■-c the years since the war there has been a general change toward applying insecticides from the air so that now ground spraying and dusting accounts for only a very small percentage of the work done for insect control. At the same time there has been a reduction in effective control of several of our important insect pests. It is easy to kid ourselves and blame the insecticide or the appli- cation and pass it off as being as good control as could be expected or needed. But is it? With some insects it may be, but there is de- finite information now with blunt- nosed leafhopper and black-headed fireworms that better control is and was. needed. Leafhoppers are back on many bogs in enormous num- bers and false blossom is on the increase. Black-heads are not be- ing controlled on some bogs either. It is interesting to note that the areas where we are having the most difficulty are usually also areas where the vines are heaviest, in other words, the insecticides are not penetrating and covering the lower parts of the vines, but are being filtered out on the top leaves under the dense vine conditions. DDT resistance may also enter the picture, but it is only part of the answer. I don't expect that you will all rush out and order a new sprayer or duster or recondition the old one that's gathering dust in the back of the screenhouse. Many won't agree with me probably, and others who do will feel that the expense and work involved in ground work is just too great to even contemplate. However, it will give you something to think about. It seems to me that you have given up a good thing too easily. In the 1952 Yearbook of Agri- culture on Insects, there are two articles that it would pay all of you to read. The first: entitled Using Insecticides Effectively on page 245, discusses the funda- mentals of effective insecticide, and for that matter, fungicide applica- tions. The second: Research on Aerial Spraying on page 252 pre- sents what is known and what is not yet clearly understood about aerial spraying and dusting as well as several factors that make for a better airplane job. These 'factors may be out of your control, but they can be used by you as a guide to judge the job that is being done for you. These rules apply to sprays and some extent to dusts; 1. Altitude 3 to 10 feet— swath equals wing span; Altitude equals wing span — swath 4 to 5 times wingspan; Altitude greater than wing-span will not increase effective swath width. 2. The lower the altitude the greater the spray, or dust is driven downward and thus the better the penetration. 3. Increasing discharge rate does not increase the swath width but deposits more within the swath. 4. Greatest swath width is ob- tained when the boom is over half or more of the wing span. A short- er boom makes a very narrow Seventeen swath and extending the boom be- yond the wing tips will not in- crease the swath. 5. Even under carefully con- trolled variations in deposit oc- cur.. Convection, turbulence, etc., enter the picture and are not well understood. Droplet size im- portant. Wind should not xeceed 10 miles per hour (mph). In airplane dusting. 1. Wind should not be in excess of 3 mph. 2. No upward convection, i.e. from dawn to about 2 hours after sunrise and 1 hour before sundown to dark. 3. Altitude should be low to get the full advantage of downdraft of airplane. (Down draft too weak on high-wing monoplane to be of any effect.) 4. Bulk density of airplane dust should be 40 lbs. cu. ft., or greater to avoind excessive drift. Helicopter dust and spray. Proper advantage of down draft is obtained only when forward speed is less than 12 mph, the opti- mum for swath width being 6-8 mph. (This is speed of good brisk walk.) Settlement in Cranberry Suit The 8525,000 verdict awarded to Cape Cod Products Inc. of Hyannis a month ago was vacated March 30 by Judge Charles E. Wyzanski, Jr., U. S. District Court, Boston, as a settlement had been reached out of court between Theodore E. Clifton of Hyannis, president of the Food Products, and the de- fendents. The defendents were the Cape Cod Cranberry Company of Hanson, Hyannis Trust Company, President Walter B. Chase, and John C. Makepeace, treasurer of A. D. Makepeace Company, and Marcus L. Urann, president of Na- tional Cranbei'ry Association. The co-operative had been found not guilty in the original verdict. The anti-trust law had been in- voked by Clifton, who asserted the defendents had conspired to put him out of business as a canner in 1947. Woodland owners are required to have special management and burning plans prepared in advance. Experienced foresters of the De- partment of Conservation prepare the plans and cooperate with land- owners to carry out the program. Special crews can be hired to do the work. New Growth Spring comes to a cranberry grower when there is the first new growth. Shown above are a couple of shoots that came under the camera of Dr. Fred Chandler, of an early Massa- chusetts bog this year. "SHOULD H WE CORXER' The corner < \ m. n-i^ i l, ,i -nnuld have been treated with copper sulfate in late Februaiy or early March to kill the algae before the scum was formed. (Photo by F. B. Chandler) Eighteen Vol. 18-No. 12 ISSUE OF APRIL 1954 l^^^^^o^^^u^^ WHY ARE CROPS GETTING BIGGER? THIS space this month will not be given to our marketing difficulties. They are with us. But let's turn to another subject. Why are our crops substantially in- creasing each year, or, why is there a steady upward trend in production with substantially the same acreage? Has na- ture become benevolent to cranberry growers? We don't believe so. This matter of bigger crops has, per- haps, both pleased and worried us. We have heard it mentioned by many a grower and discussed in small, impromtu groups. We heard one possibly excellent answer in the form of a query the other day. This was. "Isn't it because we have 'levelled off' various factors of Nature?" This meant, as we understood it, is because we have learned to a greater degree than ever before how to balance things. Here's one example, if there isn't suffi- cient rain, we now sprinkle a sufficient amount of acreage to help out enough to produce some of the berries we would for- merly have lost. We also can, at least on some acreage, drain off more quickly an excess of rainfall. Here's another. We as- sume there may not be enough bumble bees for a good pollination. We hire, or own, honeybees which come to the rescue. Still another, we are better equipped to lessen frost injury. We have come to control rather well insect damage with DDT and other chemicals. We have made progress in the use of fertilizers. We have made progress in the control of rots. And haven't we really made a lot of progress in the control of weeds? We have more and better machinery and know how to use it better. And now we come full-circle to our opening sentence, that we were not going to discuss marketing. But have we cul- turally grown too bier for our britches? That is marketwise. Maybe we need, and need now some outlet for our berries other than as fresh fruit, canned fruit and cocktail. A note for those who are able to do so. The annual sprinor meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association is always a pleasant and instructive thing to ■ participate in. This year's meeting, as re- ported elsewhere in this issue, is Thursday, April 22 at Wareham Town Hall, CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey These annual, or semi-annual gather- ings, since the time there were enough growers to make one worthwhile have al- ways proved of interest and value. We are not referring to Cape Cod alone, but to New Jersey and to Wisconsin. The "minutes" of these meetings, through the years are a history of what has been happening in the industry. The "minutes" of our meetings of today will be a considerable part of our history for those to come after us. And, we'd request that you note the heading of this page, "Vol 18— No. 12." That means with this issue we have com- pleted 18 years of publication of CRAN- BERRIES. We humbly hope our efforts have been of some value to you growers. Nineteen HOV^ THE CTHE'^. FELLOW SEES !T By F. B. Chandler The adjoining picture is of a long narrow bog in Washington State. This bog is very flat. The plank dikes are to hold water for harvest. The areas in between these planks are small so that less water will be used and /or to per- mit the entire flooded area to be harvested in one day. To the right of the dike is a canal which conducts tlie water from the reservoir to the diff^erent bog sections. To the right of the canal is mere swamp which can be built into bog. On the opposite page is the pump house and reservoir for thi-s bog. This is a small reservoir, dup; when the bog was built. Also on the other page is a picture of the Krani?k bog (a different location than that pictured in February.) This picture shows an elevated sprinkler system, plank dikes and a flume. The Kranick bog was used for studies of air circulation to prevent frost some years ago. Twenty .Sf-^ •s' f-H v-,^ '^1 -,',•"* ^'^ *?^-'"'*^7~ ,v: .fS Twenty-one •CKANBEKKY TUASH" Uii' Liaiib'iiy grower has set aside part of the uplanad to build soil and make compost. In the background is a pile of top soil. In the foreground is a pile of cranberry "trash" to be composted or mixed with the top soil. This grower will be able to sell either soil or compost depending upon the demand. (This was an idea suggested in CRANBERRIES.) (Photo by F. B. Chandler) Sprinkler Notes For Cranberries By Rain Bird Another spring frost season is here. Following are some notes con- cierning sprinkler nrotection for cranberries from the "Sprinkler Irrigation Handbook," published by the Rain Bird Sprinkler Manufac- turing Corporation, Glendora, Cal- ifornia. Material is based mostly, or entirely, on West Coast exper- ience and practices. Irrigation and "heat" control are also considered. 1. Frost Control: Sprinkling for frost control is a routine practice for Pacific Coast Cranberry growers. This started in 1925 and 1926 as a result of re- search carried on by D. J. Crowley, Superintendent of the Cranberry- Blueberry Experiment station at Long Beach, Washington. The la- tent heat of water which is released when the water freezes is the prin- cipal factor involved in protecting the cranberries. This amount to approximately 600,000 British Ther- mal Units per minute if the capac- ity of the pump is 500 gallons per minute. There is of course some transfer of heat because of the water temperature, but m'ost of the protection comes after the wa- ter freezes and the latent heat is released. The slush ice and the in- creased humidity also increase the protection. Temperatures as low at 24 °F have been prevented from injuring even tender blossoms by sprinkling continuously during the duration of the frost period. Intermittent sprinkling takes care of light frosts, but protection from a tem- perature of 24 °F is obtained only by continuous sprinkling. Sprinklers should discharge from 5 to 7 GPM and be spaced so that there are at least 12 per acre, and be supplied with water at an av- erage of 40 PSI. Since there is no wind during the frost period, spac- ings can be according to our "no wind" requirements or at 65% of diameter if used for frost control only. Sprinklers, according to Mr. Crowley, are the only sure method of frost control where the water supply is not adequate to flood the bog several times during the frost hazard. 2. Irrigation: If sprinklers are to be used for irrigation, wind velocity must be considered. Minimum irrigation re- quirements are from V2 inch to 1 inch per week per irrigation. .3. Heat Control: Sprinkling is also used to pre- vent scald from high temperatures. Evaporation from the sprinkled vines lowers the temperature in much the same manner as water is cooled in a canvas water bag. Twenty-two The sprinklers are, of course, used for irrigation particularly during July and August when rainfall rarely occurs. Mass. Cranberry Sfation Exhibit At the spring meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation the members of the Ex- periment Station staff are not de- livering talks therefore more time will be spent in preparing exhibits. These exhibits will illustrate infor- mation obtained on soils both the sand and the seal which will show water movemen and what retards water movement. Methods of mak- ing some of these determinations at home will be shown. Materials for drainage will be on display. Growing cranberry vines will illus- trate the water requirements of the vines. Pictures and soil sam- ples will show some of the salt problems. Samples of some of the new fertilizer materials will be on display. The results of the breed- ing program will be shown by charts. Information on bin stor- age will also be presented. Collections of insects and weeds will also be on display with some of the new materials for their con- trol. There will be an opportunity to request the recent cranberry literature. The staff of the Cran- berry Station will be present to answer questions. Gypsy Moth Sets Damage Record Gypsy moth caterpillars, rav- agers of New England forests, set a record this year by defoliating nearly 1% million acres of trees — more than ever before, report en- tomologists of the U. S. Depart- ment of Agriculture. Previous record outbreaks were in 1954 and 1937 when about 600,000 acres were defoliated in each of the two years in New England area. Field Observations Field observations by the US DA's Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine and cooperat- ing State agencies indicate the probability of extensive serious tree defoliation again in 1954. LONG BEACH ELECTS OFFICERS At the monthly m'aeting of the Long Beach Peninsula Cranberry Club, Long Beach, Washington, in March, the following- were elected officers for the ensuing year: President, Dr. J. H. Clarke; vice president, Carl Brateng; secretary, Mrs. Franz Johnson; treasurer, Mrs. Joe Rowe. Don't live in the past — no one ever backed into prosperity. A genius nowadays is the man who always has money enough for whatever is necessary. "AIR TRACTOR" Crop dusting and spraying planes are in production and may lead to a new era in pest control. The specially designed plane oper- ates at 7 m.p.h., gives good cover- age at 30-40 ft. altitudes, carries more than 2500 lbs. — twice the usual payload. It is a biplane with many new safety features. Cen- tral Aircraft, a Yakima Valley, Washington, spraying and dusting firm will have selling rights on all "Air Tractors". — Market Growers' Journal. READ THE DIRECTORY PAGES Cranberry Literature Exchange Cranberry growers who have literature such as bulletins or articles pertaining to cranberries which they no longer want, may be interested in securing other bulletins or articles which they do not have. Cranberries will try to assist you in exchanging the literature which you do not want for some of the articles which you do want. If you are interested, send us the title of the publi- cation you have for exchange to "CRANBERRIES," Wareham, Mass., and specify what you you wish to have sent to you. We will publish the title you wish. As soon as it becomes available it will be forwarded to you. This is n series offered by "CRANBERRIES" to get cran- berry literature to cranberry growers. It is a plan by which you send your duplicates or issues you no longer want for exchange for what you desire. Old issues of Cranberries may be sent in for newer issues or for other publications. No charge for this service. Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers * * * LUMBER FLUME in stock * * * Construction Grade Redwood Spruce Fir Hardware Paints Roofing E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middleboro Rd. E. Freetown Tel. No. Roch. 75 Cambridge St. Middleboro Tel. 1123 Twenty-three NOW is the time for all growers to be readers of CRANBERRIES SPECIAL OFFER To Non Subscribers 14 issues of CRANBERRIES Magazine for the yearly price, $3.00 FILL OUT AND RETURN THIS SLIP To CRANBERRIES Magazine, Wareham, Massachusetts Gentlemen: I wish to take advantage of your special oflfer of 14 issues of CRAN- BERRIES for the 12 months' price of $3.00. Send to Street City or Town State Enclosed $3.00 Q Bill me $3.00 Q '"'"""""^""•t* Twenty -four ELECTRICITY Why shuld you be without its fullest bene- fits— in your home, in your screenhouse, in your pumphouse? Efficient, economical in its operations. Make greater use of this modern, everyday miracle. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries r-5»- /*" »■ ihur-iiane 400 Couplet Your SHUR- RANE Dealer FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 28' Sickle bar,/'*X cuts weeds, brash, grass — trims close to __ buildings and !»^^^: ^ ^^»ti^ "^^5 trees. Climbs §S|Sy4i!^^^^ st'nfe hills. !^g^^g5i'^5» lAWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW ATTACHMENH -f^L^' 30' Full Floating R«el 16' Rotary Snow Ttirower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 StaflFord Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. lUI WAIBINOTON injl* PROGRESSIVE GROWERS (Leading Grocery Journal) SAYS- "Vitalize Your Store With Profitable Easter Displays." AND Uses This Ocean Spray Display As a Sample! "RELATED ITEMS on display with cut and. canned hams was the feature that produced plus-sales for Wrigley's in Detroit. The 56 stores moved 1104 caes of cranberry sauce last Easter in this hard-hitting combination tie in." When an important trade journal such as Progressive Grocer uses an Ocean Spray cranberry sauce display to illustrate a "natural for Easter promotion", it means that Ocean Spray is in the big league of tast-selling foods at Easter. It means extra business, too, for the cranberry growers who supply Ocean Spray. As long as grocers find it profitable to promote Ocean Spray in their stores, spring and summer as well as fall and winter, members of National Cranberry Association can be assured of an active year 'round market for their cranberry crops. NATIONAL CRANBERRY ASSOCIATION THE CRANBERRY GROWERS' COOPERATIVE Hanson, Mass. SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON Animal life, returns from winter hide-outs in canals and ditches, like this terrapin i on a canal bank. (P^oto GroCranCo 30 Cents MAY 1954 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros, Cape & Vineyard BRICGS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, Bridgeton - Tuckahoe E ectric Company LAWSON and HERCULES New Jersey ENGINES E'xpert Workmanship Apples Cranberries Peaches Offices: Ciiatham Falmouth Hyannis Only Genuine Partfi used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency I'ortable and All Applicationp Power Mowers Provincetown and Tractors Serviced GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Vineyard Haven Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 lel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. Hall & Cole E>t>blish«d 1848 Wareham Savings Bank and EQIJIPMENT Commission Merchants and Jobbers Falmouth Branch HAYDEN 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON. MASS. Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS MYER'S SPRAYERS APPLES AND CRANBERRIES PUMPS SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 SPRINKLER IRRIGATION DARLINGTON The Nationa Be Conveniently locate ink of Wareham d for Cranborry Men PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK Funds always aval able for sound loans i At Screenhouses, Bojfs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. T.l. M* Complete Bs inking Service ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES Member Federal Dt I>usit Insurance Curp. DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Ma». Tel. AR 6-6100, 6-6101 WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareharfi, Mass. Tel. 643 CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shooks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. Cooperative Farm Credit 41/2% — 10 year Federal Land Bank Loans Short Term Operating Capital National Farm Loan Association of Bridgewater 10 Main Street Bridgewater, Massachusetts Farmers Production Credit Association of Taunton Corner Weir and High Streets Taunton, Massachusetts Ont iDIRIXri ORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS | THE BLUE HILL BEES J. W. Hurley Co. APEAREES FOR RENT • COAL CROP POLLINATION If vou have a pollination prob- • NEW ENGLAND SERVICE lem. Consult Us. We make a COKE BEE COLONY RENTALS living on bees and honey. We cannot afford to let our bees • FUEL OIL More and better fruit with bees loaf. Your bees are serviced Water White Leonard H. Smith 37 Milwood St. We supply double hives guaran- teed to work. -KEROSENE- Dorchester, Mass. Tel. AVenue 2-1087 BUSY BEE FARM For BOGS Allan Wood 612 Pond St. (METERED TRUCKS) 87 King- St. South Weymouth 24-hour Fuel Oil Service Taunton Mass. Located on Highway 58, just Telephone 24-2 Tel. Taunton 4-9021 past U. S. Naval Air Base. Tel. Weymouth 9-1779J 149 Main St. WAREHAM BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES VOLTA OIL CO. Attention Growers!! for INSECTICIDES Distributor of the Famous your Spring weed control FERTILIZERS TEXACO we offer FUNGICIDES WATER WHITE water white kerosene KEROSENE "GRADE A" Agent for metered trucks WIGGINS AIRWAYS For your Bog STODDARD SOLVENT Helicopter Spray and Dust Service Tels. 840 Ply. and 1340-R SUPERIOR R. F. MORSE Plymouth, Mass. Hedge Road, North Plymouth FUEL COMPANY Wareham, Mass. WEST WAREHAM, MASS. tel. 93-J HAYDEN SEPARATOR WAREHAM, MASS. CRANBERRY SPECIALIST SHUR-RANE PIPE RAINBIRD HEADS PERMANENT & MOVABLE Installations for FROST and IRRIGATION Water White KEROSENE STODDARD SOLVENT TANK TRUCK SERVICE anc HIGH-PRESSURE SPRAYING Arrang-ed. NATHAN G. ROBY Carver, Mass. Range and Fuel Oils Tel. 95 Bottled Gas and Appliances Two Directory (Cont.) Get the right product for every pest problem Use ORCHARD |1 BRAND ... the first choice of Commercial Growers GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION ALLIED CHEMICAL & DYE CORP. 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. S8 Weybosset St., Providence, R. I. BE Sure to Use B E E S To Insure a Good "Set." MERRIMACK VALLEY APIARIES offer Complete Pollination Service Phone or Write Andrew T. Card 47 Pond Street Billerica, Mass. Tel. 3079 SHAW & THOMAS Grower's Service Ditch Cleaning - Sanding Frontend Loader - Building Mo-wing - Renovating F. E. SHAW J. E. THOMAS 37-11 Telephone Carver 8-11 Send A Copy To Your Friends .. . WITHOUT CHARGE Please send a free copy of CRANBERRIEIS with my compliments to the persons listed below; [] If possible send the May, 1954 issue. To ;. Address , City . Z State . To Address . City .... ..Z State.. Sender Address HOWARD ROTARY HOE Tops in Service POWER SYCTHES ENGINES & PARTS Many Makes POWER MOWERS TRACTORS GENERATORS PUMPS DEXTER EOUIPMENT CO. Rtes. G & 28 East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Whm. 1159 Marion 55-M CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J.&J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 ATLANTIC WATER WHITE KEROSENE Pumped directly onto bog through a spray nozzle. • STODDARD SOLVENT PETROLEUM SALES & SERVICE, INC. Hedge Road - Plymouth, Mass. Phone Plymouth 1499 Three Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist More Frost Warning Subscribers Two general frost warnings were issued in April compared to six during this period in 1953. Very little damage has been reported as of May 5. The telephone and radio frost warning services have been working smoothly and we are pleased to report that we have a few more subscribers than last year. There is the possbility that we may top the 1949 figure of 213. Bogs Well Budded Massachusetts bogs appear to be well budded and in fine condition. Water supplies are ample for the present at least. Damage to vines from winter killing is light. A good percentage of the acreage was sanded in 1953. We may have some injury to the buds due to oxygen deficiency where the win- ter floods were not removed dur- ing the critical period from mid- January to early February. Stud- ies will be carried on this season under the supervision of Dr. Berg- man to determine the effect of oxygen deficiency on a number of carefully selected bogs. Extensive damage is not expected because the flood waters were withdrawn from a large percentage of the acreage during this period. In other words, we could have another good crop this fall. The increased interest in the quality frait program is most encouraging. Apparently there will be a substantial acreage of "late water" this spring and we under- stand that many bogs will be sprayed with Bordeaux Mixture and Fermate during the blossoming period. Insect Season Soon The insect season will soon be here. We suggest that growers review Dr. Franklin's insect bul- letins that he so carefully prepared for growers, plus Professor "Bill" Tomlinson's excellent article on in- sect and disease control in the April issue of CRANBERRIES. Professor Tomlinson's reference to the article on aerial spraying found on page 252 in the 1952 Yearbook of Agriculture should be carefully read. There are many problems connected with our aerial spraying and dusting programs. This arti- cle outlines the research that has been carried on plus some of the known factors that should improve the effectiveness of the aerial spraying and dusting work. It is time to locate the old insect net — have it repaired and ready to check bogs for such early spring pests as weevils, false armyworms, blossom worms, spanworms, leaf- hoppers, and fireworms. Special attention is in order for those pests that have a new or second brood, such as weevils and fire- worms. A thorough job of con- trolling these two insects in May and June usually eliminates any further problem for that season at least. The county agent and the men at the Experiment Station will be glad to help growers with insect identification and their con- trol. Weed Clinics Four weed clinics will have been held in Plymouth and Barnstable Counties by the time this issue of CRANBERRIES is printed. They werd arranged by County Agents Oscar Johnson and "Dom" Marini. Plots were set out ten days before the clinics using vari- ous weed killers. Growers had an opportunity to see the results of various materials plus some of the first Dieldrin plots at one bog. Dieldrin is one of the new chem- icals that Professor Tomlinson has been experimenting with for the control of root grubs. At these clinics the plots were duplicated so that growers could see how the weed killers were applied. A more detailed report of these meetings will be given in the next issue of CRANBERRIES. However, the in- formation presented by Dr. Cross is so timely that a brief summary is outlined at this time. 1 Good drainage — the key to the success of any weed control program. 2. A healthy vine growth will discourage weeds. 3. Late held water causes a general reduction of annual grasses. If held until June 5 it is usually effective in killing small brambles if the temperature is warmer than normal. 4. Measure the areas to be treated and the amounts of chemi- cals to be applied. 5. Complete general applica- tions of Stoddard by May 7 and general applications of kerosene by about May 12-15. 6. Vines should not be disturbed for one week before and af- ter kerosene is applied. In the case of Stoddard the vines should not be disturbed for about a week before treatment but growers may continue their regular bog work, such as sanding, within a day af- ter treatment. 7. Growers holding the winter flood late this year (May 25) have an excellent opportunity to control cut, manna, and cotton grasses. wait three days after the late water is drawn, then spray with kerosene during the next four days. It would be well to do this work when the temperature is be- low 65 degrees. 8. If Stoddard is to be used following "late water", spraying should be completed within four days after withdrawal of the flood. 9. This is a good time of year to treat brush around the uplands with brush killer. Use one part of chemical to 50 parts of oil be- fore leaves develop and then change to 50 parts of water after the brush has leaved out. ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES Four I Lester Haines Succeeds Bryant as Eatmor Ex. Vice President, Manager As forms for this issue close (May 6) Clarence A. Searles, pres- ident of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., announces the resignation of Har- old E. Bryant, as executive vice president and general manager, and that Lester F. Haines, Eat- mor's Western Sales manager has been appointed to fill the position. Lester Haines, 41, native of New Jersey, has been brought up in the cranberry business all his life as a member of the Haines family and is well known throughout the industry. He has been with Eat- mor for 20 years, frequently visit- ing all cranberry areas. He started out as an inspector and traffic man- ager when Eatmor (ACE) was in New York. Prior to joining Eat- mor he was employed by the C. M. Robinson Company. He has a rec- ord of unusual sales and promo- tional accomplishments. He has held a number of posi- tions, including recent chairman- ships on the International Apple Association and United Fresh Fruits and Vegetable Association convention committees. In submitting his resignation, Mr. Bryant said: "As I have informed the Board of Directors on several occasions, it has long been my studied opinion that the interests of Eatmor cran- berry growers can permanently best be served by an economical, efficient and effective integration of the functions essential to hand- ling both fresh and processed cran- berries. Because of the recent sale of one of the Eatmor member units to another organization, and in view of other factors which seem- ingly make it impossible for Eat- mor at this time to enter the field of processing under the Eatmor label, I have come to the conclusion that I have accomplished for both Eatmor and myself all that circum- stances will permit. "As a consequence of these de- velopments, I desire to resign as executive vice president and gen- eral manager of Eatmor Cran- berries, Inc., as soon as it will be acceptable to you. I believe this can be aranged promptly because we have had with Eatmor in the successful operations of the past seasons, personnel able to cari-y on the Eatmor program with credit to both themselves and the entire organization as well as to its grow- er members. With no thought of dictating who my successor should be, but purely as a recommenda- tion, I would like to suggest that you consider Lester F. Haines, who has handled the Chicago Office so capably. Regardless of your selection, you may be sure that I shall, of course, gladly cooperate with all of you at any time the opportunity is af- forded me to do so." In accepting the resignation, Mr. Searles commented: "Your resigna- tion as executive vice preseident and general manager of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., is accepted with regret. I have been instructed by a unanimous vote of our executive committee to write you expressing our sincere appreciation for the excellent accomplishments you have made for Eatmor during the past three years. You were em- ployed to bring to Eatmor new and aggi-essive top-level adminis- tration with special emphasis to be placed on the development of a sound sales merchandising pro- gram for Eatmor fresh cranberries. During the period of your manage- ment, Eatmor has developed one of the most successful and spectacu- lar sales and merchandising pro- grams that has been developed in the produce industry for many years. Much of the success of this program was due to your leader- ship, constructive imagination and ability. At all times you have shown ex- ceptional leadership with original and practical ideas and the cour- age and ability to carry out those ideas. We all appreciate that you inherited several major problems and were from time to time con- fronted with very difficult circum- stances. We want you to know that we appreciate the excellent coop- eration that you at all times have given the Board of Directors and (Continued on next Page) The first 1954 WESTERN PICK- ERS as manufactured by the Carl- son Mfg. Co., will be completed in June. They will be on display at all National Cranberry Receiving Sta- tions in Massachusetts after that time. ****** They are mechanically greatly improved over previous models. Especial care was used to design them for rough bogs and for first year's inexperienced operators. If desired they can be financed thru the Cranberry Credit Corpo- ration on a three year berry con- tract without a great deal of down payment and at practically any terms you desire. From now on — Financing is no great problem. A recent survey of owners who have used the WESTERN PICK- ER for three or more years has disclosed that the selective prun- ing as done by the WESTERN PICKEI^ is especially desirable and cannot be duplicated by any other method of pruning. Many of these ownerse say that they would purchase a WESTERN PICKER for its selective pruning alone even if it didn't save a single cent in picking costs, because it gradually increases the yield if used for three or more years. (Growers names furnished on re- quest). In addition, its regular and even combing makes all your berries ripen more evenly. Therefor, it has been well-said about the WESTERN PICKER that— "It Prunes as it Combs — As it Picks" 'P ^ -i* ^ ^ ^ NOTICE To All Western Picker Owners Frank Cook will be back at his South Middleboro shop the last week in May, to service all pickers requiring attention. Western Pickers, Inc. 1172 Hemlock Ave. Coos Bay, Oregon (Advt.) Fiv9 assure you that you have our very best wishes." Stanley Benson will remain on as Eastern representative, oper- ating from his home in Lakeville. New Bedford, Massachusetts office is to be closed. Eatmor is now made up pre- domently of Wisconsin member- ship, and it is understood Wiscon- sin Cranberry Sales Company and Mid-West Cranberry Co-operative, both with offices in Wisconsin Rap- ids may consolidate. With the dis- solution of New England Cran- berry Sales Company, only re- maining state unit, except for Wis- consin is Growers' Cranberry Com- pany of Pemberton, N. J. There are individual memberships in vari- ous states and in Canada. HUBBARD Fertilizers Insecticides Fungicides A Complete Line and Prompt Service The ROGERS & HUBBARD Co. Portland, Connecticut Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1. Growers supplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment, 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. WISCONSIN MEN ELECTED TO HEAD EATMOR CRANBERRIES Annual meeting: of Eatmor Cran- berries, Inc , at New Bedford Ho- tel on April 27-28 elected Clarence A. Searles of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, president of the Co- operative. He succeeds Theodore H. Budd, Sr., of New Jersey, who requested that, after serving since 1947 as head of the organization, he be permitted to step down. Mr. Searles is a member of the family which produced the noted Searles variety of Wisconsin. Harold Belong of Mather, Wis- consin, is vice president as is also Mr. Budd. Secretary is Lester F. Haines of Chicago, for m'any years a member of the personnel of Eat- mor and when it was American Cranberry Exchange. Harold E. Bryant was elected executive vice president, and named general manager and tem- porary treasurer. About 18 were nresent at the sessions. Stanley Benson remains Eastern Sales rep- resentative. Lloyd Williams, who has been merchandising manager and edi- tor of "Cranberry World," house organ of Eatmor, severed his con- nections with the co-op, this to become effective May ISth. Mu- tual regrets were expressed and Mr. Williams said he was sorry to leave the pleasant associations he had enjoyed with Eatmor. The action was made necessary by the reduction in tonnage of cranberries, and therefore lessened budget, caused by the dissolution of New England Cranberry Sales Company, largest state unit of Eatmor, and the joining of NCA by Makepeace interests. PEST SURVEYS Entomologists operate a warning service for farmers. Survey teams keep check on insect buildups and new infestations. Their reports are made available to farmers through newspaper items, radio announcements, and publications. BOG WORK LARGE OR SMALL JOBS BULLDOZER AND SHOVEL WORK TRUCKING - GRADING E. G. HOWES West Wareham Tel. 795-M-l CAPE COD CRANBERRIES MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 Si? K^ t^''"'''"'™"'^^^^^^ ISSUE OF MAY. t954 VOL. 19. Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St., Warcham. Massachusetts. Subscribtion, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS April Not Good for Quality April was slightly wetter and a considerably warmer month than normal, which, in the opinion of Dr. Cross would tend to have a de- trimental effect upon the keeping quality of fruit next fall. These factors would not have much ef- fect upon the size of the crop, nor would hours of sunshine which were about normal. Rainfall for the month, as re- corded at the State Bog, was 3.88, while the normal is 3.85. First half of the month was dry until there v.'ere heavy rains the 16th and 17th. Precipitation in this storm totalled 2.13, whereas previously there had been only .51 inch. First few days of April (as reported last month) were way sub-normal in temperatures. Temperatures, how- ever by the 21st had reached 36 de- grees plus (Boston) and on the 30th 78 plus. Frost on Last Day April did not get by without a frost, as had been hoped, a rather heavy one whitening the ground on the morning of the 29th. No warning was sent out from the Ex- periment Station as the early situ- ation did not justify this. It was expected no injury occurred, al- though temperatures of 24 and 25, with a 26 in the lowland at the State Bog- were recorded. There had been two previous telephone warnings to inland bogs, but no general warning. First frost warn- ing of 1953 was on the 20th. There was a repeater on the morning, of last day of April for which the first warning was issued, this being 22 in cold spots. A read- ing of 23 was recorded at the State Bog, and a few other low ones, but mostly much higher. There was no injury, so April frosts did not take any toll of the crop. Much Bog Activity This spring is seeing an almost surprising amount of bog work of all kinds — if growers are fearing market conditions next fall — it is not reflected in this aspect. There is more sanding, more ditch clear- ing and spot rebuilding than in a considerable time. Development Above Normal Bogs, generally speaking, are about normal, or perhaps a trifle ahead. However, there is much variation in development, and this applies to individual bogs. Some is probably due to use of fertilizer, or non-use and to the time of holding of winter flood. First of May Overcast First seven days of May were all overcast and about 3 degrees a day lower than normal. This was with the exception of May first, a sum- mer-like day with a maximum of 71 degrees in shelter at State Bog. Rainfall for the period was less than one inch. OREGON April Frosts Light April frosts have been light. March 29th temperatures went down to 26 but in April no frost has been lower than 28°. April 21 was the first real windy day. No record available for wind velocity. High Production The Ray Bates bog was one of the high producers for the 1953 crop. His average acre production was above 175 barrels to the acre. Bates is considered one of the out- standing growers of the Bandon area. Many growers continue spot spraying for weeds, due to the fact that the buds are still quite small. No great damage is anti- cipated. Ed Hughes had an Ocean Spray exhibit at the Meier Frank Oregon Products at Portland, April 25th. Mr. and Mrs. L. L. Hooker, who recently sold their bog to Earl Waldron are now at St. Petersburg, Florida. WASHINGTON 40 N«w Sprinkler Systems More than 20 sump ponds have been dug by cranberry growers in Pacifiic and Grays Harbor coun- ties during the past winter and more than 40 sprinkler systems have been installed, it is reported by the State of Washington Agri- cultural Department. Nearly all growers are resanding their bogs and between 20 and 30 acres are being planted this spring. 7-Month Weather Summary In giving a summary of weather in the past seven months the de- partment says; in September rain- fall, in the Western division of the State where bogs are located was 6 percent above normal; October weather was rainy west of the Cas- cades and rainfall, 9 precent above normal; November rainfall oc- curred on 25 days, with precipita- tion 10 percent above normal; De- cember was warm and rainy with precipitation 17 percent above nor- mal; January rainfall was 63 per- cent above normal; February was a very dry month for the entire State, March temperatures were near normal the first three weeks, and very low the final week with precipitation below normal, West- ern division, @even 7 Months Rainfall Rainfall for the seven months period at Long Beach in Pacific County was 71.68 inches, at Aber- deen, Grays Harbor 80.08. NEW JERSEY April Mild and Very Wet The weather at Pemberton dur- ing April was milder and wetter than normal. Most of the month was rather balmy with tempera- tures failing to reach 64 degi-ees on only 7 days and going below freezing on only 7 nights. The average temperature for the month was 3 degrees above normal. Rainfall was 5.34 inches, or al- most 2 inches above normal. We have now a normal amount of ac- cumulated rain for the first four months of 1954. Season Advanced As of May 1, the season is great- ly advanced over the normal. It is about a week to 10 days ahead of 1953, which also was considered advanced at this time. Some Wey- mouth blueberries were already Vt inch in diameter at this time. Early May Frosts There was a frosty night on April 29 (29 to 25V2°) when buds on early drawn bogs were still dormant. This was an especially trying period with 3 frosty nights in a row. May 4, 5, and 6 with tempei-atures centered around 30% 27°, and 25° respectively. Most bogs that had been drawn early had available water for flooding, SHARON BOX COMPANY, Inc. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones — Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding Eight _ but not all for repeated floodings. May 7 brought a respite but with the threat of another frost due on May 8. WISCONSIN May Starts Cold Early May was very cold with some snow, and relatively little bog activity. Whole of May, ac- cording to weather reports is sup- posed to be below normal, which if proven to be true, will not add to the size of the crop. IT PAYS TO READ CRANBERRIES lOOTH ANNIVERSARY OF U. S. PROFESSIONAL ENTOMOLOGY The 100th anniversary of pro- fessional entomology in the United States is being observed this year. State committees have been named and in Massachusetts Wil- liam E. Tomlinson, Jr., entomol- ogist at the East Wareham Cran- berry Station has been appointed a member. Tomlinson also was recently made a life-long member of the Southeastern Massachusetts Tree Wardens' Association. Most people do what they say — others only say what they do. Protects Cranguymal ProvideV Prof ectioi^^/ from Frost and Drought ^^___________^_^^^^^^^^__^^^^^^^^^^ °* Cranguyma Famii, "photo' coURtSsT o'f^ORTl'aND OREGOI^OURiJaI, '•°"9 Beach, Wash. SPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you Iniy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today without obligation. Iprllklit Itrlfillii liiitlitlii NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES. 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, Moderator Brett, (standing) addresses audience while panel Vifaits, members being, left to right; Dr. Cross, Maurice Makepeace, Association President Frank Crandon, partly obscured by speaker Dr. Cole, Robert Hammond, Ralph Thacher and Kenneth Garside. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Cape Growers Hear Forecast Another 1,000,000 Bbl. Crop Likely About 200 Hear Dr. Cross So Predict at Spring Meeting Of Growers Association — • Alden C. Brett Moderates Panel on Berry Marketing And Handling. Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association had perfect weather for the annual spring meeting, April 22, and nearly 200 attended this all-day ^affair at Memorial Town Hall, Wareham. A feature turned out to be a forecast (printed in full elsewhere) by Dr. C. E. Cross, director Massachusetts Ex- periment Station that again a mil- lion-barrel crop was a likely pros- pect. In a question period. Cross stuck to his guns, when "Gibby" Beaton, of the J. J. Beaton Com- pany, an experienced grower, and secretary of the association, re- ferred to the old cranberry rule of thumb that big crops do not us- ually succeed each other. The usual intriguing exhibition of craberry equipment and sup- plies, shown outside the town hall and in the basement drew much interest. This opened at 9 a. m. At noon a buffet lunch was served by the Mom's and Dad Club, fol- lowed by a brief business meeting. Main program of the day was a panel discussion on "Basic Prin- ciples in the Handling and Market- ing of the Cranberry Crop." This was moderated by Alden C. Brett, a trustee of the University of Mas- sachusetts, a business executive and a grower. Frank A. Crandon, Acushnet, elected president last August, conducting the meeting. Preceding the panel session, Walter E. Piper, Mass. Dept. of Agriculture, told growers they were meeting in a "time of tension." "Cranberry growers come to- gether today at a time when dras- tic realignments are taking place in the marketing and merchandis- ing programs of their industry. In recent years they have been be- set with many problems. In the late 1940's a serious situation developed in regard to prices of cranberries, but in the past few years the economic situation had BUILDING COSTS ARE STILL UP It is extremely important that you maintain enough fire insurance to comply with co- insurance clause requirements in your policies. If uncertain, just what co-insurance means to you, check with us. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 Nine Section of the elaborate exhibition of the Experiment Station, with Dr. Chandler, (left) explaining cranberry culture to Rudy Hillstrom (right) of Western Pickers. ((CRANBERRIES Photo) taken a turn for the better, and the industry was hopeful that it had at last turned the corner. Changes In Marketing Methods "Last year, however, saw the pro- duction of a record-breaking crop — the first in the history of the industry of more than one million barrels — and the marketing year ended in a feeling of uncertainty which has resulted in an important change in marketing methods. The National Cranberry Associ- ation which heretofore had con- centrated on marketing of pro- cessed cranberry products has pur- chased the facilities of the New England Cranberry Sales Com- pany, which has long been the big cooperative in Massachusetts for the marketing of fresh cran- berries. Under this new set-up, the Na- tional Cranberry Association, which manufactures and distrib- utes Ocean Spray Cranberry pro- ducts, will also distribute fresh berries. What Of The Future?— Natu- rally there is a certain amount of tension in the industry as growers ponder the question of which way to turn. It is not for us on this program to take any definite stand Ten on this matter or offer any opinion pro or con. It is, however, a time in which to advise deep reflection and to consider the future of the entire industry as well as that of individ- uals." Export Markets In introduction, Mr. Brett said, the industry needs young men who believe in the future; better meth- ods of production and distribution; the growers couldn't afford to pay all costs of manual labor and pick- ing machines were becoming a ne.'essity; cranberry growers can co-operate with other industry on common needs. He urged the grow- ers to have stabilized distribution; to broaden the cranberry market, to have "true" cooperatives, and finally to give more thought to pos- sible export markets. Quality Fruit Robert C. Hammond, first panel speaker kept alive the topic of growing quality fruit. He said it was the responsibility of the grow- er to see that consumers are so satisfied with the cranberries they buy that they return to cranber- ries again and again, this apply- ing to either canned or fresh fruit. "You must not let them turn to other foods, instead." He con- tinued ther must be good volume at hand and at a reasonable price. "Cranberries are just one food product." He suggested growers cooperate with whoever sells their berries, WATCH YOUR PROFITS GROW PORTABLE IRRIGATION DISTRIBUTED BY C. MORRIS WILLIAMS Hatchville Road North Falmouth, Mass. CHARLES REED School St. Seekonk, Mass. W. R AMES company" 3905 E. Brojdwdy, Tampa, F'j. SEND M£ FREE LITERATUF-E NAME addre;s CITY.. , W.R.AMES COMPANY Tampa, fla • san francisco. calif The Darlington Picker was shown at the display by its manufacturer, left of machine. Emil St. Jacques, standing to (CRANBERRIES Photo) and make certain they do a good job. "Be honest with your organi- zation. If you have anything to say express yourself. Take a real in- terest in your organization." Not Growing for Sentiment Maurice Makepeace, speaking on production problems said, "We are not growing cranberries for the sake of sweet sentiment. We are in the business to make a living. There is no point in growing cran- berries if we are not going to sell them, and at a profit." He declared there must be two ways of sellings, especially today, one way is not sufficient, the two, of course, being fresh and process- ed. "Neither outlet is able to sell an entire crop. In no one year should either outlet be starved for berries." He said he felt the fresh fruit market could come back a little quicker than canned, if mar- kets had been lost. Every expansion made in cran- berry sales, he said, is the taking away of sales from somebody else, some other product, such as apples or potatoes, the latter being a staple, and he was forced to admit that cranberries are still a semi- luxury. The A. D. Makepeace Company, he continued, has always been an ardent supporter of fresh fruit, and would continue to ship a large volume fresh. He then said the question is "Why have we joined 100 percent with National Cran- berry Association?" The answer he said was given very satisfac- torily by John C. Makepeace that the industry could best be served by one major marketing organiza- tion, and that at the present time NCA affords the best facilities for successfully marketing the crop. He added, however, one big co-op would never sell all the berries and it would not be a healthy situation to have one selling agency handle all production. "Competition is the life of trade, has been been men- tioned for ages and it is just as true today as ever." He spoke of the necessity of growers giving a good deal of thought to marketing, after they have raised the berries. "Every grower should have as complete an understanding of marketing as he can, and he should be aware of con- ditions every year. He touched on the great importance of quality. Said he though the Cranberry Growers' Mutual gives a valuable service in keeping growers up to date on events. "We can only make progress by going ahead — not standing still. It is the foundation of your busiess to sell your crop so as to get the best possible re- turns to yourself." He said he wished there would be nearer 800,- 000 barrels this fall than the 1,000,000 estimated by Dr. Cross. Wisconsin-Cape Competition "Quality in fruit and especially to those selling fresh, is vital Ralph Thacher, Hyannis, asserted. He urged growers to cooperate with their selling agencies and especial- ly the inspectors of berries. "Don't try to kid them, if you've got a batch of poor quality stuff. You are only fooling yourself, as you will find out eventually. "We have long heard about com- petition between Cape Cod and Wisconsin. You are going to be in competition as you never have been before." He then pointed out ad- vantages in freight rates Wiscon- sin had over Massachusetts, using Chicago and St. Louis as examples. A carton of fresh fi-uit from, Ware- ham to Chicago is 35 cents, from Wisconsin Rapids, 15; from Ware- ham to St. Louis it is 38 cents and from Wisconsin 12 cents less. Kenneth Garside of NCA dis- cussed the requirements of that organization for berries to be pro- cessed, stressing soundness, color and lack of "trash" in the fruit. The real criterion is "Would you be willing to eat a can of sauce made of your own fruit?" On Advertising Prof. Fred E. Cole, Massachu- setts Department of Agriculture, Marketing Division and former State Commissioner of Agriculture discussed the value of advertising, of pricing and of the drastic chang'es which have been made in the distribution of fresh fruit and vegetables in the most recent years. Of advertising, he said there are seven basic principals, 1, quality of the product; 2, a con- stant striving to maintain or im- prove quality of the product; the price advertised must represent a true value; 4, there must be ready availability of the product; 5, ad- vertising must be truthful and in good taste; 6, it must be consistent; 7, it must be aimed at the right people at the right time. There could be too much em- phasis placed upon an opening price, he said; when really what counts is the income over the en- tire season, and the price is right when the commodity moves as de- sired. Producers of a crop must keep themselves well informed of all changes in marketing condi- tions, competition, etc. Exhibits Feature Irrigation Commercial exhibits of cranberry equipment and supplies, opening at 9 in the morning, as usual greatly interested growers, and was not- able this year for increased em- Eleven phasis upon sprinkler irrigation. There were several such exhibits. Interest also was displayed in mechanical pickers. Outside displays included those of George A. Stackpole, Rotary, 6 and 28, Hyannis, John Deere, No. 40 tractor with loader and Hardie Mfg. sprinkler pipe, couplings, heads; Charles H. Reed, Seekonk; Ames ij-rigation (Roto-Rain, Perf- 0-Rain, Rainbird nozzles, Deniing pumps, Wisconsin engines, suction hose, etc., a large showing; C & L Equipment Company, Acushnet, pruner, rake, weed trimmers; Dex- ter Equipment Company, Rtes. 6 and 28, East Wai-eham, Howard Power Hoe, power cutters. Na- tional mowers, pumps, engines, an- other large showing; Davis Ti'actor Company, Boston, tractors. Inside basement: 4-H club; Stone and Forsythe Company, Richard P. O'Brien; Everett, window box con- tainers for cranberries, plus other items; elaborate exhibition by Cranberry Experiment Station, Dr. P. B. Chandler in charge; Agrico fertilizer display, in charge of Har- old Eldredge, Wareham; Niagara Sprayer & Chemical (Ayer branch) knapsack sprayers, fertilizers, dusts, sprays, weed killers; Blue Hill Apiaries, Boston, bees in polli- nation; Merrimack Valley Apiaries, bees under glass for observation; Grass kept hive, diminutive hive to raise queen bees, ordinary hives; Hayden Separator Company, Ware- ham, featuring the New Jersey Darlington mechanical picker, Shur-Rane irrigation equipment; Western Pickers, Coos Bay, Ore- gon, now the Carlson Mfg. Co., Kingston, Mass., being an assembly plant, featuring a display of teeth as developed from 1947 to 1954 showing improvements, eliminating stones and other foreign matter from berry container box; Eastern States Farmer's Exchange, West Soringfield, insecticides, Raymond Morse, W. Wareham, local agent; Field-Brook Equipment, Inc., East Bridgewater, showing Shur-Rane irrigation equipment; Briggs & Stratton engines, Bolens Chain saw, International Harvester, Hale Fire (irrigation) pumps, Marlow pumps. ONE-WAY LOW-LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls for both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. Cross Foresees Another Million Crop Likely (Following is the complete report of Dr. C. E. Cross as given at the Cape Meeting.) As most growers know who have followed the weather studies of. Dr. Franklin, the cranberry crop begins its development before the previous crop is harvested. In fact, a large portion of the crop build-up occurs in the year and in the winter before the crop is picked. In respect to the 1954 crop in Massachusetts, the 1953 sunshine is definitely in favor of a sizeable crop — more so than it was a year ago. The February sunshine was not really favorable but was not so far short as to pre- vent a good crop. The winter as a whole was rather mild with De- cember 10 degrees a day above normal, February 7 degrees a day above and March 1% degrees a day above. January was the excep- tion with 3 degrees a day below normal in temperature. So the winter as a whole must be regarded as mild and generally favoring a good crop here. The chief detriment to production ap- pears to be the two-week period of oxygen deficiency conditions follow- ing the heavy snow of January 11. Since conditions so far are gen- erally favorable it appears only reasonable that we should expect, conservatively, about 600,000 bar- rels in the Massachusetts crop. Conditions Generally Favorable In talking with growers from New Jersey, Wisconsin, and the West Coast, and in correspondence with a few others, and consider- ing recent production trends and weather data from these other areas of cranberry production, it would appear only reasonable to expect 100,000 barrels from New Jersey, 200,000 barrels from Wis- consin, and 100,000 barrels from the West Coast in the 1954 cran- berry season. In other words, there appears to be a reasonable expectation of a crop of 1,000,000 barrels which when added to the unsold fruit in the 1953 crop poses a substantial problem for the cran- berry marketing agencies. (Continued on Page 14) Twelve You can Stop fruit rots and improve quality with reliable DuPont Fermate "VTou can depend on "Fermate" to prevent rot of the berries on the bushes or while in storage. "Fermate" gives this protection through excellent control of fungous diseases that attack cranberries. What's more, "Fermate" is mild. It's hard on fungous diseases but its gentle action means minimum danger of burning or stunning tender flowers, leaves or fruits. Ferbam Fungicide "VTour bogs will give you higher yields of -*- cleaner fruit when you use "Fermate". It's available for sprays or dusts. For most effective spray coverage and protection of waxy foliage add Du Pont Spreader- Sticker to the spray mixture. See J and For brush and weed control use these effective chemicals "Animate" Weed and Brush Killer . . . For control of brush, poison ivy and to prevent resprouting of stumps, you can't beat Du Pont "Ammate". It kills both foliage and roots, prevents regrowth. "Ammate"' is non- volatile, reduces to a minimum the hazard of damage by spray drift. This is the ideal chemical wherever brush is a problem. "Karmex" W Herbicide ; . . For spot treatment and lon.u:-term control of annual weeds and grasses around buildings, farmyards, fences, etc., use new "Karmex" W Herbicide. Only V4, to V2 cup of 2 V2 gallons of water is enough to control vegetation on 100 square feet for an extended period. "Karmex" W is non- volatile, non-flammable and non-corrosive to equipment. ee your dealer for full information supplies. Ask him for free litera- ture on **Fermate" and other reliable Du Pont products. Or write Du Pont, Grasseli Chemicals Department, Wilming- ton, Delaware. On all chemicals always follow directions for applica- tion. Where warning or caution statements on use of the product are given, read them carefully. Fermate Ferbam Fungicide «ES. U.S. PAT. Off- BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING , . . THROUGH CHEAUSTRy Thirteen A general view of the equipment exliibit out of doors. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Cross Foresees (Continued from Page 12) Mass. Berries Probably Small With the above volume of cran- berries likely to be available for sale next fall, all growers are in- terested in the prospects of the '54 crop relative to the size of berries and their quality. Using- the data set forth in Bulletin 450 of the Massachusetts Agricultural Ex- periment Station, it appears that as of April, six out of seven sun- shine factors are now against large berries in the 1954 Massa- chusetts cranberry crop. All three temperature factors affecting the size of berries are against the production of large berries in 1954. The rainfall of July and August is still to come, but this is a minor influence on berry si-e. At preset" t it looks as if berries would be small or at most average in size. It would appear from this that thy 14/.32's grader would have to be used for Massachusetts berries this year to screen out enough ber- ries to suply the fresh fruit mar- ket. Only Fair Mass. Quality On April 1st the Cranberry Ex- periment Station issued its pre- liminary keeping quality forecast indicating that prospects were on- ly fair for the coming crop. April is clearly leaving a weather rec- ord of warmer and wetter than normal, and both these trends are against good quality. The pros- pects, therefore, continue to be on- ly fair. Favorable Factors In conclusion, however, it is only fair to point out that our Massa- chusetts cranberry bogs are in rather good productive condition; Fourteen and thriving, healthy vines are much more likely to produce sound . fruit "Ihan poorly-tended, weak or neglected vines. Further, it now appears evident that more grow- ers, and a larger percentage of our acreage is being "held late" this year than ever before. Experience has shown that regardless of the weather influences, this practice is a great help in raising sound fruit, and furthermore, that on Early Blacks the late-holding increases ::i".:kcaly the size of the berries. We feel that the growers have taken the right step in managing their bogs to counteract the ad- verse influence of the weather. OREGON CRANBERRY CLUB HAS MEETING Southwest Cranberry Club (Ore- gon) met April 22 at Terosa Hall, Bandon. There was a discussion of soil tests and how these tests might be utilized in forming a basis for fertilizer recommenda- tion. The films "The Plant Speaks Through Defiiciency Symptoms," and "Thirty Acres" were shown. The purpose of this organization is to discuss cultural problems and to work in close contact with the County Extension agent. We're approaching the season of longe'- days, when we can re- vive the slogan, "It's later than you think." Fellow in Chicago conies out with the idea of presenting a badge to citizens who have paid their taxes. Wouldn't a barrel be 1 lore appropriate? Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers * * * REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER in stock * * * Construction Grade Redwood Spruce Fir Paints Hardware Roofing W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middloboro Rd. E. Freetown Tel. No. Roch. 75 Cambridge St. Middleboro Tel. 1123 Sdit^^ VOL. I9--N0. 1 ISSUE OF MAY 1954 KJ^'^'^''^'*^'^ FIFTY YEARS AGO, AND NOW THE long looked for, and much sought after, and greatly desired time for har- vesting cranberries by machine has finally come. The machinery here referred to is the so-called cranberry scoop. Among the modern inventions of the many agricultural labor-saving implements, this scoop is late in arrival. The gathering of cranberries in some wiy other than that of hand picking has claimed the attention of inventors of o'lr land for many years. All of the many efforts made to accomplish this purpose so completely failed, and the difficulties to overcome were so many and complicated that the despair of success was well, nigh universal. Because of all this failure the present triumph is all the more appre- ciated. The importance of the cranberry scoop introduced just at this time is greatly en- hanced by the fact that it will be very helpful for harvesting cranberries. The securing of sufficient help to gather cran- berries by hand picking was becoming more and more difficult from year to year. So much so that the outlook for the near future was not at all encouraging. The above are the words of the Rev. E. H. Durell, president of American Cran- berry Growers' Association (New Jersey) in 1904, exactly half a century ago. And, now, the scoop seems destined largely to go out, and we have real picking machines. Incidentally, scoop manufacturers men- tioned were, Mr. Everson (Champion scoop) So. Hanson, Wm. T. Makepeace, (Banner), Marstons Mills and Walter E. Damon, Bryantville, all of Massachusetts. Again, more from the minutes of the same 35th annual convention, this time from A. J. Rider, secretary; "It has been said that we had too many cranberries last season (1903 U. S. total 419,000 bbls.) Not so. The collapse in the market was due to improper distribution." Sounds something like today, doesn't it? A "revolution in harvesting methods and great alarm that too many cranberries are being produced. It was then the half million mark. Now it is the million and more. Dfficult moments always dog cran- berry growers as they do about everybody else in this imperfect world. CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Snh.'srTintion $3.00 per year Advertising r:itcs upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL •EDITH S. HALI^Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey It may be wondered if we have gone into the bee business, with the amount of material upon bees and cranberry pollina- tion which we are using. Of course we haven't. But it seems many factors are working against the wild bee population in these modern times. And the flowers must be pollinated if there is to be good acre production of fruit. The use of honeybees in all areas seems to be growing and that bee rental or ownership is good insurance against inadequate fertilization. We would recommend the reading of the remarks of Walter A. Piper in this issue on the cranberry library at Middle- boro, Mass. And we would further recom- mend visits — frequent one s — to that "cranberry room." This is a pro.ject of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association which is given too little attention. There is much of interest there to every grower. Fifteen Mr. Biodie, Jr., talks with tv o 4-H club membei s, youngster to the right is George Tomlinson, son Bill Tomlinson, Ji., entomologist at Mass. Cranberij Experiment Station. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Cranberries May Be Brand-New 4-H Project Mass. Growers Would Set- Aside Portions of Bogs for Young Club Members to Work Upon and Keep Records. A brand new project for 4-H or- ganization is now in the embryo stage in Massachusetts (as has been repoi'ted briefly previously) and that is the formation of 4-H cranbei-ry clubs. Of the many ac- tivities in 4-H, there has never been any associated with cranber- ries, as such, before. The proposal is to have a boy or girl, within the 4-H age limit — 10 to 21 — responsible for a small section of a bog. The benefit would be two-fold. Boys and girls would become experienced in cranberry work and might, in the future, be- come members of the industry. Growers who offered sections of the bog to the experiment would have the satisfaction of perhaps getting more younger blood into cranberry growing. Preliminary work is going on in both principal cranberry counties, Plymouth and Bainstable. But, it was in the latter, on the Cape, that the idea originated with George E. Brody, Jr., Assistant County Club Agent and County Agent Bertram Tomlinson, who for many, many years has been inter- ested in and active in cranberry aff'airs. Robert B. Ewing, County Club Agent of Plymouth Exten- sion Service, Brockton office, for more than 20 years, is carrying the ball in that county. J. Richard Beattie, State Cranberry Special- ist, Experiment Station, East Wareham, is acting as a sort of co-ordinator in the whole matter. Growers in both counties have made offers of a section of their bogs on which the 4-H'ers would work and keep records. There is interest on the part of boys and girls to learn something about cranberries. Need Aduit Group Leaders To date, the difficulty has been in obtaining adult group leaders. To find these leaders, to match the generosity of the growers and the interest of the boys and girls, Ewing and Brodie have been out early this month in a canvass to remedy the situation. If sufficient number of leaders are obtained there could be age groups, or there might be a single group in each county. The group leaders, obvi- ously should be cranberry grow- ers. As this is a brand new project for 4-H it has been nceessary to provide an entierly new education program, and new sets of record books had to be prepared. 4-H had a booth at the spring meeting of the Cape growers, with Agent Ewing in charge. Circulars pointed out that while an adult would act as leader, each cranberry club would elect its own officers and would conduct meetings regu- larly. That 4-H club members who at- tended the meetings — participate in the club program and carry a suc- cessful 4-H Cranberry project are the ones who would receive the most from the experience; each club member would be expected to have a section of bog to work on and which he or she will keep re-ords. The proposed program has the endorsement of the directors of Cape Cod Cranberry Association, and it was discussed at winter cranberry club meetings. Mr. Brodie Mr. Brodie is a newcomer to activities in the Massachusetts area, beginning work at) Barnstable County Extension Service last November 2.3rd. He was born in Jamaica Plain, Mass., December 6, 1918, attending Jamaica Plain High School where he had his first in- troduction to agriculture as a stu- Sixteen (lent in the Vocational Agricultural Course. He was graduated in 1937. Having played football in high school he continued that sport at South Dakota State, when he went there in 1939. He majored in ani- mal husbandry and in animal psy- chology. He went into the service in 1942, was in the U. S. Army Air Force, communications section. After his army discharge in 1944 he studied at the University of Hawaii. He was married in 1947 and was graduated from the University of Rhode Island in 1950. He then did research work in animal nutrition for Charles Pfizer Company of New York, following which he went into Extension Service. His hobbies are to raise and show Irish Setters, and he is an American Kennel Club judge of Irish Setters. The 4-H clubs, as is well known, are organized groups of young people who are engaged in farm- ing, homemaking, or community activities under the guidance of cooperative extension workers and local volunteer leaders trained by them. The work is a part of the national system of cooperative ex- tension work in agriculture and homemaking in practically every Department of Agriculture, State county of every state, Alaska, land-grant colleges and counties Hawaii and Puerto Rico. U. S. participate. At right: R. Ewing shown at 4-H exhi- bit at the Cape meeting. Below: Bro- die explains to a group how to judge a good sheep at a meeting at Grazing Fields Farm, Buz- zards Bay. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Seventeen WANTED - MORE WEDDINGS IN N. J. CRANBERRY BOGS By GUS CARNES New Brunswick N. J. (Reprinted permission N. J. Agriculture) Honeybees ave often called on to perform the marriage ceremony of cranberry flowers, but the right number needed to pollinate an acre of cranberries was just a guess until 1953. It is a common practice for New Jersey growers to use one colony of honey bees to pollinate two acres of cranberries. But the average cranberry yield in the State in 1952 was only 16.3 barrels per acre compared with 54.3 barrels in Wisconsin and 27.8 barrels in Massachusetts. How Many Bees Needed? Pei-haps New Jersey cranberry flowers didn't have enough bees and other pollinating insects around to set a full crop of fruit. With this thought in mind Prof. Robert S. Filmer, research specialist in en- tomology at the Rutgers Agricul- tural Experiment Station, decided to find out just how many honey bees are needed to insure maximum pollination of cranberry flowers. Results of his work point to the fact that New Jersey's cranberry crop, already third largest in the Nation and woi'th nearly two mil- lion dollars, can be greatly in- creased. Observation of the number of berries set on many bo^ s over a period of years was what led Pro^ fessor Filmer to believe that ad- ditional honey bees were needed in New Jersey cranberry Ijogs. To test this theory, he set up experi- ments at three bogs in 1953. Re- sults showed that when one colony of bees per acre was provided in- stead of one colony per two acres, cranberry yields were increased 25 to 43 barrels an acre. One of the three experimental areas located at Whitesbog was supplied with one colony of bees per acre. A uniform distribution of bees throughout the bog was ob- tained by equally spacing colonies around the margin and placing other colonies on platforms in the center. Number of colonies per acre was the same for the second bog, but distribution was not quite as uniform. The third bog was supplied with eight colonies of bees, which were placed on two platforms located on one side of the bog. The honey bee population of this bog was some- what below one colony of bees per two acres, representing average distribution and population used on most Jersey bogs. Professor Filmer pointed out that the average number of berries set per blossom upright seemed to be one of the best criteria for judging pollination. The approxi- mation that a berry per square foot is equivalent to a barrel of cranberries per acre was another factor used. On the bog that had only one colony of honey bees for every two acres of cranberries, 36 percent of the flowers were pollinated and 1 .26 berries were set per blossom upright. 25 More Barrels In contrast, the other two bogs '.vith one colony of honey bees per acre gave increased yields of cran- berries. For example, bog number one gave an average berry set per blossom upright of 1.43 from a pollination of 44 percent, while bog number two, gave 1.42 from a 41 percent pollination. In other words, doubling the number of bees in the two bogs gave increases of 0.16 and 0.17 berries set per blossom upright and 5 and 8 per- cent pollination increases. These rates represent increases of 25 to 43 barrels per acre. "Dick" Beattie Gets County Agricultural Post J. Richard Beattie, East Ware- ham, Mass., Cranberry Specialist, has been named chairman of the Plymouth County Agricultural Council. He will assume the office this month, succeeding Philip Er- beck of Bridgewater. Dick Beattie, who operates from the State Bog at East Warehani, fii'St came to S. E. Massachusetts as associate county agent, befoi'e his appointment as cranberry spe- cialist. Mr. and Mrs. Beattie are a-'tive in many local activities. Mr. Beattie is the only cranberry man to hold the post, except How- ard Hiller of Marion. HELSCOPTER PEST CONTROL DUSTING AND SPRAYING NORWOOD, MASS. RAY MORSE Agent Tel Wareham 4.05-W4 Eighteeq MASS. STATION EXHIBIT WAS EDUCATIONAL The Cranberry Station exhibits at the Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' spring meeting were very edu- cational. Drainage through peat was demonstrated with two sam- ples, both having been set up for about a month. The tubes were four feet long, over an inch in dia- meter, set with a two percent grade and a slight head of water. No water had passed through the poor draining peat during the month and only a small amount through the good draining peat in compari- son to sand. One tube set up with sand as it comes from the pit had about a half ounce of water pass through it during the demonstra- tion. Another tube set up with the same type of sand minus the fine material had ten ounces or twenty times as much go through during the same period of time. Land tile and perforated plastic tubing were on display as materials to be used to improve drainage. A large number of colored slides in an automatic projector illus- trated very well many of the in- sects which damage the cranberry crop. Some of the new fertilizer ma- terials were on display. Of those exhibited urea, solution 32 and the ammonium, phosphates have partic- ular promise as they may be used with some of the insecticides. Pressed weeds and potted fresh specimens were displayed well lab- elled with the common name and the best treatment to control them. Several of the selections of cran- berries which have promise for Massachusetts were on display. Two of these "screened out" about the middle of March had three times as many firm berries as Early Blacks and Howes. A model bin storage demon- strated the use of a bin to store cranberries. This method of stor- age permits the removal of field heat very economically. While bin storage offers a lumber saving over box storage, it presents the great- est saving to growers using the picking machines as the berries may be poured directly into the bins. The movement of air to re- move field heat will also dry out leaves and uprights which must be removed in box storage. ^pmuifmd TION outside ill asso- COMPLETE GROWER PROTEC 1. All berries pooled. 2. A ceiling on sales costs. 3. Veriiication of pool prices by CPA audit. 4. Full information available to s ciates at all times. Cranberry Growers, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. WISCONSIN RAPIDS WISCONSIN TO CONTROL CRANBERRY FRUIT WORM. IROTENONE and RVAN/A ^ ADEQU ADEQUATE STOCKS AVAILABLE Nineteen SOIL REACTION, PLANT FOOD AVAILABILITY AND PLANT GROWTH By F. B. Chandler Most cultivated crops make op- timum growth in soils which are slightly acid, ph 6.5 to 6.0. At this range most of the plant nutrients are available. As the acidity in- creases pVv 6.0 to 5.0 the yield of most crops decreases because phos- phorus is fixed and in soils where leaching may occur the potassium, calcium, magnesium and many of the minor elements are leached out. Below ph 5.0 only a few crops can be grown. Because the ph scale is logarithmic a ph of 5.0 is ten times as acid as a ph of 6.0 and ph of 4.0 is ten times as acid as a ph of 5.0 and one hundred times as acid as a ph of 6.0. Some fertilizers have an effect on the acidity of the soil in gen- eral they increase the acidity. The following list increases the acidity and it would require the amount of lime indicated to neutralize the aeidity produced for each hundred pounds of fertilizer: Anhydrous ammonia, 148; Ammon- ium sulfate, 110; Urea, 75; Nitro- gen solution, 73; Ammonium phos- phate, 7.3; Ammonium nitrate, 60. The following fertilizers do not change the acidity: Cal. nitro Super phosphate. Mu- riate of potash. The following ferti'izers neutral- ize the soil or have the same effect as lime. The equopment amount as lime. The equivalent amount of lime per hundred pounds of fertil- izer is listed after each: Calcium nitrate, 20; Potassium nitrate, 25; Nitrate of soda, 29; Cyanamid, 63. From, the above it is evident that cranberry growers if they desire, may change the acidity of the soil by the continued use of fertilizer which produce the reaction they wish. CRANBERRY ROOM (Editor's Note: Following is the talk by Walter A. Piper, Massachusetts Depart- ment of Agriculture as concerns the "Cranberry Room," as given at Spring meeting of CCCGA and over Boston WEEI, April 22.) In this frame of mind I recently dropped in at the Middleboro Pub- lic Library to visit the Cranberry Room, as I do on almost every occasion when I get down, that way. This is a small room on the lower floor of the Library, which has been set apart for the use of the industry in preserving its records and mementos. It is in line with many such similar endeavors in various branches of industry and agriculture. The aim is very ad- mirable. Certainly it may be of untold value to cranberry grow- ers of a century hence to have easy access to such records. It has been sr.id that hi^tcry is philosophy taught by examples. In any industry or business, much can be learned from the experiences of oredecessors — much that can be of immense importance and value in preventing a repetition of earlier •.rJstakes, and in capitalizing on •^arlier accomplishment and suc- :2ssors. Pioneers Of The Industry— That Cranberry Room is indeed a place for the quiet reflection which I have just mentioned. It carries the atmosphere of the pioneers of the industry. Some of their pictures hang on the walls. There, for ex- ample, is A. D. Makepeace, a name to conjure with in cranberry lore and tradition. An attached card states that he was the first large grower in a "combination whose crop in 1887 totaled 16,000 bar- rels." Another picture is that of Cyrus Cahoon, typical rugged Cape Codder, looking for all the world like a character out of a Joe Lin- coln book. It was he who is asso- ciated with the discovery of the Early Black variety in 1847. Other photographs and other views tell graphically of those pioneer days, such as the one marking the loca- tion of one of the bogs where Eli Howes brought to light the Howes berry in 1843. Such were the men in their re- spective times who laid the founda- tion of the cranberry industry. The spirit with which they surmounted their difficulties is typical of Cranben-y-land. This same spirit still prevails among cranberry peo- ple, and will be a factor in bring- ing about new and further achieve- ments in cranberry culture and marketing. First Organization — In refer- ence to today's meetings, it is well here to record the beginnings of organized activities of growers in the original Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association which are so carefully recorded there in the Li- brary Room. Written in a bold hand in the first record book is a notice of the original call to dis- cuss organization — February 15, AGRIC USE iox Cranberries A QUALITY FERTILSZER FOR A QUALITY CROP For the name of your nearby Agrico Agent Call or Write The AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO. North Wevmnulh. Mass. or Harold L. Eldridge, 64 Gibbs Ave., Wareham, Mass. Telephone VVevmouth 9-2640 Tel. Whm. 168-W Twenty 1866. It reads as follows: Notice Cranberry Growers' Convention All persons interested in the cultivation of cranberries are invited to meet at the Ex- change Hall in Harwich on Thursday the 15th day of Feb- ruary first at 1 o'clock to con- sider the best method of cultivation, and such other matters relating tto the sub- ject as may come before the meeting. It is signed by Ze- bina H. Small, Obed Brooks, Cyrus Gaboon and Nathaniel Robbins. Those were all men who were prominent in the then infant in- dustry. Zebina Small, an odd Christian name to be sure, is spoken of frequently in the old histories in connection with cran- berries and with public affairs. The meeting adjourned on that date to March 1, when the constitution of the Cape Cod Cranberry Associ- ation was adopted with 67 signers. In Our Time — Thinking of the organization as we know it in our time, I thumbed through the rec- ords, and as I frequently do, I looked for reports of meetings over ten-year periods, such as 10, 20, 30 or 40 years ago. The rec- ord for the meeting of 1914, for example, lists the president as John C. Makepeace of Wareham. Vice-presidents were Seth Finney of Carver and Dr. F. F. Marsh of Wareham. Treasurer was Z. H. Jenkins of West Barnstable, and Lemuel C. Hall of Wareham served as secretary, as he did for many years. In later reports, nearer my time, more familiar names came into view, and I was impressed to an increasing extent with these rec- ords of these many fine people who put all they had in time, ef- fort and energy in helping bring the cranbei-ry business up to its present promient position in New England and American agriculture. Looking Ahead — This Room in the Library is acquiring a great deal of worthwhile material. It started back more than a decade ago. I noted, for instance, at the 1944 meeting an item of $25 was voted for the Library Committee. The Association has encouraged its development, and the Library CONTROL Cranberry Root Grubs White Grubs Poison Ivy Chokeberry Wild Bean use CsOLVAYy PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE The Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station Charts recommend Para-dichlorobenzene for treating Root Grubs, White Grubs, Chokeberry, Poison Ivy and Wild Bean. For best results, bogs should be treated in April or early May. Ask for details. SOLVAY PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE FOR TREATENG CRANBERRY BOGS is distributed by THE CRANBERRY TRADING POST • Onset, Mass. • Hanson, Mass. • North Harwich, Mass. SOLVAY PROCESS DIVISION Jfed hemical Allied Chemical & Dye Coropratlon 61 BROADWAY, NEW YORK 6, NEW YORK Twenty-one ^\^» *■ has shown a continuing interest. The atmosphere of the Room is certainly wholly detached from the uncertainties and the tension of the present time. To me it em- phasizes the fact that there is a branch of our agriculture which has its high place in the economy of the Commonwealth. It seems to carry a message to present-day cranberry people that they can well take pride in what has been achieved so far, and that they can go forward from here to new destinies. A New Chapter — The Cranberry Room in the Middleboro Library is, as I have said, a place for quiet reflection and contemplation, with ample opportunity to review the progress of cranberries and cran- berry people. And today as the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation gets together at its an- nual spring meeting in the Town Hall at Wareham, it will be writ- ing a new chapter in the continu- ing records of the organization — a chapter which will be recorded for those years ahead, maybe for some interested group in 2054 who will search into the recordings of the past for guidance in their day and age. What's this at the State Bog, East Wareham, Mass. — a pier for speedboats or fishing? Looks like. But it really is built for the taking of daily water samples to study oxygen content, as George Rouns- ville is shown doing. Rounsville says it makes for more accuracy at the water is not riled up by wading out. Building the pier and using it, is also easier than putting on boots every time a sample is wanted. The State Bog, which has been dry practically all winter long is now flooded for late-water holding. STONE & FORSYTH COMPANY Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVERETT, MASS Tel. EV 7 - 1240 - 1241 - 1242 Twenty -two NATIONAL GAENS LARGE TONNAGE Appoints Public Relations Man in Wisconsin, With Office at the Rapids. The co-operative situation within the industry continues somewhat in a state of "flux," as meetings have been held by both Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., and National Cranberry Association. Following the dissolution of New England Cranberry Sales, up to the end of April, NCA officials assert that co-op has approximately 90 per- cent of the berry tonnage, and a somewhat smaller percent of the 240 or so membership of NECSCO. Many growers going over to NCA were among the larger producers. NECSCO tonnage has been around 125,000 barrels. NCA also, had, to end of April obtained seven new Wisconsin producers. Plans for marketing fresh fruit next fall have been about com- pleted, but are not being given out in detail "because of competition." It is said an aggressive program will be in force, but it is not the intent to take part in any "price war." There will be emphasis on greater consumption of cranberries in October, which has been apt, in recent years, to be a warm month, with consequent slow demand. This would not necessarilly be based up- on a drive for sauce ocnsumption, but to offer a sales appeal upon "cooler" cranberry dishes. M. L. Urann, Miss Ellen Stillman and Mrs. Janet Taylor were in New York May 6th meeting with maga- zine food editors to discuss this phase, and to solicit their support. Extends Executive Committee NCA has extended its executive committee to seven members and seven alternates. Chosen to fill the new chairs were Guy N. Potter, Wisconsin and Thomas P. Darling- ton, New Jersey. Alternates are Holland G. Potter, Wisconsin and William S. Haines, New Jersey. Raymond Morse of West Ware- ham, former berry inspector and in charge of packing houses for New England Sales has joined NCA, and will serve as a berry inspector. Wisconsin Public Relations Man As public relations man in Wis- consin, NCA has appointed John D. Roberts, who owns bogs in Hay- ward. An office has been opened at 345 West Grand Avenue, Wis- consin Rapids. Mr. Roberts was born in Wiscon- sin Rapids and was graduated from local schools and received his BA degree in economica and business administration in 1941. He then enlisted in the U. S. Army as a private. He came out a major with a Purple Heart and the Bronze Star. For some time he was employed as an administrative officer for the federal government and later as vocational training specialist and contact representative. In this lat- ter capacity he prepared and con- ducted industry training programs and placed persons interested in such training, also supervising the enrollment and selection of course study for vetei'ans. C. & L. Equipment Co. ACUSHNET, MASS. L WEED TRIMMER For Cranberry Bogs BRIGGS & ST RATON Engine ^ Horse Power 4 HEAVY DUTY CUTTING HEADS with TIMKEN BEARINGS HEAVY DUTY WHEELS GEAR TRANSMISSION FOR TRAVEL SPEED BALL LOCK BELT CLUTCH FOR KNIVES FOR SALE or RENT For further information contact either — F. P. CRANDON 1191 Main Street Tel. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Tel. New Bedford 3-4332 Twenty-three ■in—, „ ..— i. NOW is the time for all growers to be readers of CRANBERRIES SPECIAL OFFER To Non Subscribers 14 issues of CRANBERRIES Magazine for the yearly price, $3.00 FILL OUT AND RETURN THIS SLIP To CRANBERRIES Magazine, Wareham, Massachusetts Gentlemen : I wish to take advantage of your special offer of 14 issues of CRAN- BERRIES for the 12 months' price of $3.00. Send to Street City or Town State Enclosed $3.00 Q Bill me $3.00 Q I Twenty-four TAKE ADVANTAGE of the BETTER things of life. The efficient USE OF ELECTRICITY is one of these better things — efficent use in power for cran- berry bog operations, and in the home. Plymoufh County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL 1300 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries QyJ^^' ihur iiun« 400 Ceupl«t Your SHUR- RANE Dealer FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater aO' Full Floating Reel 16' Rotary Sn»w Throwor Phone E. B. 8-2761 Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Staflford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. lUl WASBINGTON tOMt WE»T NIWTON «. Vm. Volume building displays like this out- standing example from the 1953 Eatmor campaign have become an integral part of a successful sales program. Let these displays work for you by marketing through Eatmor, the organization which leads the field in merchandising of fresh fruit. ■**• EATMOR CRANBERRIES 5 South 6th Street New Bedford, Mass. SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD HEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON Agaiii-^t a rliuuly Tu iliyiit Uackdioi. a helieoDtcr puts spray on Massachusetts St Bog. Story on Page 10. (CRANBERRIES Pho 30 Cents JUNE 1954 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Cape & Vineyard BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, Bridgeton - Tuckahoe E ectric Company LAWSON and HERCULES New Jersey Offices: ENGINES Expert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts usffd Apples Engine Driven Generators Cranberries Chatham Falmouth Hyannis For Emergency Portable and All Applications Peaches Power Mowers Provincetown and Tractors Serviced GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Vineyard Haven Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. Hall & Cole Established 1848 Wareham Savings Bank and EQUIPMENT Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers Falmouth Branch HAYDEN 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 — SEPARATOR Welcome Savings Accounts WAREHAM MASS BOSTON, MASS. Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent MYER'S SPRAYERS APPLES AND CRANBERRIES PUMPS SPECIALTIES PHONE WAREHAM 82 Car Lot Receivers FALMOUTH 80 SPRINKLER IRRIGATION DARLINGTON The Nationa Be ink of Wareham _'cl for Cranberry Men PICKING MACHINES Conveniently locat Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK Funds always aval lable for sound loans At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. 626 Einking Service Complete B< ADVERTISE M,;mlier Fed. nil n ■pnsit Insurance Cm il in CRANBERRIES DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR 6-6100, B-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 • • PATRONIZE CRANBERRIES ADVERTISERS • • WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters .fMM. Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Cooperative Farm Credit 4^/4% — 10 year Federal Land Bank Loans Short Term Operating Capital National Farm Loan Association of Bridgewater 10 Main Street Bridgewater, Massachusetts Farmers Production Credit Association of Taunton Corner Weir and High Streets Taunton, Massachusetts One DIRECTORY FOR CRANlMvRIiY GROWERS | THE BLUE HILL BEES J. W. Hurley Co. APIARIES FOR RENT • COAL CROP POLLINATION If you have a pollination prob- • NEW ENGLAND SERVICE lem, Consult Us. We make a COKE BEE COLONY RENTALS living on bees and honey. We cannot afford to let our bees • FUEL OIL More and better fruit with bees Leonard H. Smith 37 Milwood St. loaf. Your bees are serviced once a week. We supply double hives guaran- teed to work. Water White -KEROSENE- Dorchester, Mass. Tel. AVenue 2-1087 BUSY BEE FARM For BOGS Allan Wood 612 Pond St. (METERED TRUCKS) 87 King St. South Weymouth 24-hour Fuel Oil Service Taunton Mass. Tel. Taunton 4-9021 Located on Highway 58, just past U. S. Naval Air Base. Tel. Weymouth 9-1779J Telephone 24-2 149 Main St. WAREHAM BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES VOLTA OIL CO. Attention Growers!! for INSECTICIDES Distributor of the Famous your Spring weed control FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES TEXACO WATER WHITE KEROSENE we offer water white kerosene "GRADE A" Agent for metered trucks WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray For your Bog STODDARD SOLVENT and Dust Service Tels. 840 Ply. and 1340-R SUPERIOR R. F. MORSE Plymouth, Mass. FUEL COMPANY Hedge Road, North Plymouth Wareham, Mass. WEST WAREHAM, MASS. tel. 93-J HAYDEN SEPARATOR WAREHAM, MASS. CRANBERRY SPECIALIST for SHUR-RANE PIPE RAINBIRD HEADS PERMANENT & MOVABLE Installations for FROST and IRRIGATION - UNSOLICITED - ". . . you will be glad to know that our ad in CRANBERRIES really pulled — we got just what we wanted, which proves your magazine is read". Two Get the right product for every pest problem Use ... the first choice of Commercial Growers GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION ALLIED CHEMICAL & DYE CORP. 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. 58 Weybosset St., Providence, R. I. BE Sure to Use B E E S To Insure a Good "Set." MERRIMACK VALLEY APIARIES offer Complete Pollination Service Phone or Write Andrew T. Card 47 Pond Street Billerica, Mass. Tel. 3079 MOWING SERVICE HAVE A CUB TRACTOR do your upland mowing quickly and well. contact r.AY MORSE Wareham 405-W4 RALPH THACHER Hyannis 715-M Send A Copy To Your Friends .^ .WITH^^^^ CHARGE Please send a free copy of CRANBERRIES with my compliments to the persons listed below: [] If possible send the May, 1954 issue. To Address City .... State . To Address City ___ ._Z State Sender ... Address HOWARD ROTARY HOE Tops in Service POWER SYCTHES ENGINES & PARTS Many Makes POWER MOWERS TRACTORS GENERATORS PUMPS DEXTER EQUIPMENT CO. Rtes. 6 & 28 East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Whm. 1159 Marion 55-M CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J.&J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 ATLANTIC WATER WHITE KEROSENE Pumped directly onto bog through a spray nozzle. • STODDARD SOLVENT PETROLEUM SALES & SERVICE, INC. Hedge Road - Plymouth Mass. Phone Plymouth 1499 Thr Mass- Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Little Frost Flooding While threats of frost have kept growers near their pumps all spring, very little flooding was necessary. Eleven general frost warnings have been released to date( June 7) compared to 23 warnings during this period last year. Incidentally, 41 warnings were released during the spring of 1949. These figures include both the afternoon and evening fore- casts. Water supplies have been more than adequate for frost pro- tection. In fact, it has been a prob- lem to dispose of the surplus water during the wettest May in histry. June Starting Dry The first week in June has been relatively dry, so apparently the "celestial spigot" has been turned off temporarily. We hasten to add that we hope the "drought" is of short duration because ample water supplies in April and May have a habit of diminishing very rapidly in June and July. If dry weather should prevail for any length of time, the lessons learned during the drought of 19.53 should be extreme- ly useful. Probably one of the most important lessons learned was the fact that we waited too long- in many instances before irrigating our bogs. Cranberry vines require about one inch of water per week in order to produce a good crop and carry it through to the harvest season. Keeping Quality The Final Keeping Qaulity Fore- cast has been prepared and mailed to growers through the County Agents' off'ices. It is as follows: "Drs. Cross and Franklin believe that weather data through June 7 shows that prospects are fair to poor for the general keeping qual- ity of the 1954 Massachusetts cranberry crop as its applies to "early water bogs." Growers who have bogs that tend to produce weak or tender fruit should con- sider spraying them twice with a fungicide. The first treatment should be made when the bog is 5 to 10 percent in bloom, second treatment, 10 days later. Control measures for fruit rots are care- fully outlined on the new Insect and Disease Control Charts." We hope growers will use this forecast wisely. Certainly our marketing organizations need the best quality fruit that we can produce. Dieldrin for Root Grub The following timely informa- tion was prepared by Prof. Tom- linson: "It is still too early to judge dieldrin applications for root grub. There has already been some grub mortality in areas treat- ed with dieldrin in March and early April but it is likely that live grubs will be found until late sum- mer in most sprayed bogs. Spring insects have been generally slow in appearing due to the cold wet vv-eather during April and May. Black-headed fireworms have been an exception with hatching occur- ling as early as May 13 when they were found mining in old leaves and buds because there was no new growth present. Weevils appeared in abundance with warm weather at the end of the month. Blunt-nosed leafhoppers were just hatching as this was written (June 7). This is unusually late and reflects the effects of our cool spring. False armyworm, blossom worm and green spanworm are about as usual." Growers and customs operators have been busy treating certain bogs for these pests. Unfortunate- ly, customs operators are still la- boring under the handicap of very short notices as to when growers want their bogs treated. If these operators knew in advance the number of growers that would be depending upon them for service and approximately how many acres that might require treatment based CAPE COD CRANBERRIES MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, lite. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 Four on past experience, they could ar- range for the necessary equipment and personnel to do the work. We realize that there are many factors involved but a little more planning- would help corrcet the problem and pay dividends for all concerned. Suggestions for Weeds We have a few timely sug- gestions from Dr. Cross on weed control. The whirl disc which fans out the spray in a knapsack sprayer nozzle should be removed when ap- plying Stoddard Solvent as a spot treatment under the vines. The re- moval of this disc results in a single stream of Stoddard that can be directed to the base of crown of the weed provided that very lit- tle pressure issued. This techni- que will cause relatively little dam- age to the new vine growth and can be used effectively during the summer months for the control of small brambles, loosestrife and asters. Nitrate of Soda or Ammonium Nitrate is recommended for the control of the large cinnamon and royal ferns. One handful should treat 6 to 8 ferns. Those using Iron Sulfate would do well to mix one part of salt with nine parts of iron and use half as much of the material when treating such weeds as ferns, haircap moss, sand spurrey, toad rush, asters and pitchforks. This technique reduces the cost of this treatment and eli- minates the necessity of rain in order to make the Iron Sulfate toxic to the various weeds. 2,4-D is still in the experimental stage but appears to be effective in the control of hardhack, meadow sweet, leatherleaf, chokeberry, bay- berry, and loosestrife. Dr. Cross recommends the same type of 2,4-D and the same dilution outlined in the new chart for the control of three square grass. The "hockey stick" technique is still one of the T)opular methods for applying this chemical to these tall weeds when they extend above the vines. Urea Growers have been very much interested in a high nitrogen fer- tilizer known as Urea. It has been applied on a substantial acreage of bog this spring. Urea can be com- bined with insecticides and fungi- cides and is non-corrosive to equip- ment according to Dr. Chandler. Vines respond quickly to this chem- ical and the cost is very reasonable. Applications up to 40 pounds per acre have caused no burning of the new growth. For further de- tails on the use of Urea, we sug- gest that the grower see Dr. Chandler. 4-H Cranberry Clubs The prospects for a few 4-H cranberry clubs this season seem a little brighter than they did a few weeks ago. We have a group of tweleve boys in Carver and an- other group of approximately 30 boys and girls in Wareham that have expressed interest in such a project. The problem now is to locate some adult leaders to direct these 4-H cranberry clubs. We feel sure that we can depend on grow- ers to help with this important work. HUKBARD Fertilizers Insecticides Fungicides A Complete Line and Prompt Service The ROGERS & HUBBARD Co. Portland, Connecticut MAY SUNSHINE SHORT Sunshine in Massachusetts to- talled 214 hours in May. This is a deficiency of 53 hours below nor- mal. This shortage will not have much effect, probably, upon the crops this year but will be felt in that of 1955, according to Dr. Cross, Massachusetts Experiment Station. Western Pickers, Inc. 1172 Hemlock Ave. Coos Bay, Oregon The new 1954 WESTERN PICKER will soon be on dis- play at all National Cran- berry receiving stations in Massachusetts. You owe it to yourself as a grower to examine it thor- oughly. You will find that it is well designed, well built and nearly fool proof. Never before has there been as great an advance- ment in WESTERN PICKER design as this year. This Picker should last ten years or longer. Its price is within the range of every average grower to finance — since the price is being held down till everyone has had a chance to see this new model. You can purchase it through your Receiving Agent at practically your own terms. Because of its Selective Pruning it will increase your crop over a three year period. This Pruning is different than any previous method employed because — 1st. It pulls out your weak vines. 2nd. It cuts your remain- ing vines only at above your berries. 3rd. It selectively cuts on- ly a few of your longer vines the first year — more the sec- ond year and your bog is really in a producing posi- tion the third year. This has been demonstrated on a hun- dred different bogs. No other attention is required. No excessive walking over your bog — No pulling of vines out ' by their roots with a dull rake. Just let it be and it will produce. Note: Frank Cook is now at his South Middleboro Shop. (Advt.) Five You can Stop fruit rots and improve quality with reliable DuPont Fermate "YT'ou can depend on "Fermate" to prevent -*■ rot of the berries on the bushes or while in storage. "Fermate" gives this protection through excellent control of fungous diseases that attack cranberi'ies. What's more, "Fermate" is mild. It's hard on fungous diseases but its gentle action means minimum danger of burning or stunning tender flowers, leaves or fruits. For brush and weed control use these effective chemicals "Ammate" Weed and Brush Killer . . . For control of brush, poison ivy and to prevent resprouting of stumps, you can't beat Du Pont "Amniate". It kills both foliage and roots, prevents regrowth. *'Ammate" is non-volatile, reduces to a minimum the hazard of damage by spray drift. This is the ideal chemical wherever brush is a problem. "Karmox" W Herbicide . . . For spot treatment and long-term control of annual weeds and grasses around buildings, farmyards, fences, etc., use new "Karmex" W Herbicide. Only Vt to Vi cup of 2 Vi gallons of water is enough to control vegetation on 100 square feet for an extended period. "Karmex" W is non- volatile, non-fiammable and non-corrosive to equipment. Ferbam Fungicide "VTour bogs will give you higher yields of cleaner fruit when you use "Fermate". It's available for sprays or dusts. For most effective spray coverage and protection of waxy foliage add Du Pont Spreader- Sticker to the spray mixture. Clee your dealer for full information ^^ and supplies. Ask him for free litera- ture on "Fermate" and other reliable Du Pont products. Or write Du Pont, Grasseli Chemicals Department, Wilming- ton, Delaware. On all chemicals always follow directions for applica- tion. Where warning or caution statements on use of the product are given, read them carefully. Fermate Ferbam Fungicide SE5.U.S. PAI.Off- BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . . . THROUGH CHEMISTRY Six ISSUE OF JUNE 1954— VOL. 19 NO. 2 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St., Warcham. Massachusetts. Subscribtion, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS May Rainy and Cloudy The entire month of May, in Massachusetts was one of the rain- iest and cloudiest on record, in fact in Boston all records for rain- fall were broken. First day was beautiful, and the last, but in be- tween the period was an all but constant stretch of gray and rainy weather. Preiipitation Nearly Double Precipitation as recorded at Cranberry Station, East Wareham was 6.67 inches, it being exceeded only in cranberry records in 1901 when the fall was 8.58. Rainfall varied over the state with less on the outer Cape, more at Boston with a total of 13.38, 10.56 above normal. Normal rainfall for the Middleboro-Plymouth-Hyannis tri- angle is 3.18 inches, so rainfall was nearly double in the main cran- berry area. No Frost Losses So much rain and cloud, natural- ly, cut down frost hazards, even though at times of clearing weath- er warnings were sent out. Result was there was little or no frost injury for May, and in fact for the entire spring, up to June first. Spring frosts, therefore, have done nothing to cut down the prospective production in Massachusetts. The first 16 days of May brought a recording (Boston) of 62 de- grees minus from normal, or about four a day. The lack of sunshine was said to be the greatest at this time of the year in history of Bos- ton Weather Bureau. Coolness Aids Quality The coolness was perfect for the 1954 crop. Dr. Cross said, both as to size and quality, and he continues to forecast a large crop as to size and quality,' But the lack of sunshine in first half of May was definitely detri- mental to the crop of 1955. It is May, he said, when the build-up for the harvest of the following year is begun. So, for the two- year period there was a balance of the favorable and the unfavorable. The coolness, was especially for- tunate with so much late-held water this year. Warm water at that period would tend to build up wood and not flowers. He was firmly convinced that late-held Blacks in most cases would be sound and large, but the Howes, with the shorter growing period had less chance of attaining a large growth. Last of Month Warmer Latter portion of May was not nearly as rainy and temperatures rose, the month ending with a daily average of about a degree and a half below normal. There were drying winds, low humidity, and, almost astonishingly, at start of June Boston Weather Bureau was warning against danger of forest fires and there were a few small one in the Cape area. Rain Hampers Spraying The rain hampered the State of Massachusetts 1,200,000 acre gypsy moth spraying program. This was more so in the eastern part of Nor- folk Middlesex, and Essex coun- ties, than in western part of the state. This is a $600,000 spray program. Insects Do Not Appear Bad First brood fireworm (black- heads) appeared on the Cape May 13 and were promptly treated by air spray. This was considered un- expectedly early in consideration of the coolness of the month. By the (Continued on Page 16) Between rush spring work, frosts and the incessent struggle to overcome insect damage, you shouldn't have to worry about insurance problems. BUT If you are, we will solve them for you. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 Seven Seth Kallio watches gauges on pump as water goes out sprinkler system. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Makepeace Company Completes 16-Acre Sprinkler System Will Probably Be Tied In With Others to Make 24 Acres Operated as Single Unit. Sixteen acres of bog, have just been covered with sprinkler irriga- tion by the A. D. Makepeace Company at its Carver bog. This, with a six-acre section, with sprinklers installed half a dozen years ago, and a two-acre piece, protected with sprinklers since the early thirties, all in the same area, may be tied in together, making one of the largest sprinkler instal- lations in Massachusetts, oper- ating as a single unit. Leading to the decision to make such extensive installations was the fact that last year the 16-acre area lost much of its crop by a spring frost, while 2 years ago it was hard hit by drought. As a matter of fact, due to inadequate water, producing crops on this particular area of the Carver bog has been for years extremely hazardous. Hence the decision for "insurance" of an overhead water supply. Eight Installed are approximately 10,000 feet of pipe and approxi- mately 160 sprinkler heads. Water source is considered entirely adequate, it being an almost natu- ral "sump" provided by throwing a dam across the lower end of the source of the Wankinquoah river. The area was known long ago as "The Slug", there having been an ancient mill near the site. A m'odern pump house was constructed and this contains a Sterling (Viging) diesel engine of 125 horsepower as power source, and a Fairbanks-Morse turbine pump capable of throwing 1.350 gallons of water a minute when operated at 1100 r. p. m. Ten-inch transite pipe leads from pump- house to the bogs. About 15 minutes is required to fill pipes and bring up pressure for efficient operation, 70-75 pounds, giving about 40 pounds at the nozzles. Bog mains are 8" and 6" with laterals of 4" and 2", spaced 80" apart. All pipe is light-weight aluminum of the portable typo, planned to be taken in each fall and put out in the spring. Rain Bird Sprinkler mostly No. 40 heads are 600 feet apart on the laterals, each giving a coverage of about 90 feet diameter; a 60x80 foot spacing gives protection to all the vined areas. Pipes are placed directly on the vines, except the mains which are supported by cross ties over the main ditches. Installation of the system was done by Larchmont Engineering of Lexington, assisted by Field-Brook Equipment, Inc. of East Bridge- water, using the Shur-Rane irriga- tion system, although a good deal of the work was done by Make- peace personel. The installation has been used several times this spring for frost control, affording, according to Russell Makpeace, "good frost protection". Makepeace has been operating on the principal of having his foreman at Carver, Eddie Kangas, put the system in operation when the thermometer drops to 30 and to continue sprinkling until it rises above 32. If the danger seems over the water is not turned on again, (Continued on Page 10) •=i *4 ,1^ "^4 ii \ .•tf- m,' %;\: !•>■ ^^Si, * i? ■. '■i* * " * ^- ^■'^m" T Jy^^^ ^ ■* ' '^ j^ J S--^;- * ^ 'S^aJI*^ si- J*'. ■ "^ ^^'^K^ i!- : ^. t^^Ho f - \^'^^^r^ ^^ . * ''■^ M'-sf 1 *• *r i ^^ ^Jks. -i Nina Makepeace (Continued from Page 8) although men stand by to watch. There is no consideration given to the fact there may or may not be ice remaining on vines or berries when the sun arises. The entire area sprinkled consists of Early Blacks, so not much fall frost protection may be necessary. For irrigation, evening use is the order, as Dr. H. F. Bergman advised this was preferable, but sprinklers have been turned on during sunlight hours as a relief from extreme heat. Sprinkling for frost protection was developed in Washing-ton under the direction of D. J. Crow- ley, now retired director of the Cranberry-Blueberry Laboratory at Long Beach. The Makepeace in- stalation on the 2 acre Round Bog which is a Skinner type, was probably the first in Massachu- setts. OUR COVER One of the largest attendances on record was present at Massa- chusetts State Bog, May 27, when demonstrations included airplane, both (Cub and Steerman biplane) and helicopter applications of spray and dusts. This was a twilight meeting, opening at 7 o'clock and it was hoped growers might see insecticides properly applied. There were heavy clouds and a little more wind than desirable. However a Wiggins Airways 'copter applied a DDT spray, while Freddie Braun of Firefly, Incor- porated, flew both the Cub and biplane, with flagmen from the A. D. Makepeace Company on the BOG WORK LARGE OR SMALL JOBS BULLDOZER AND SHOVEL WORK TRUCKING - GRADING E. G. HOWES West Wareham Tel. 795-M-l bog. "Bill" Tomlinson, entmolo- gist of Mass. Cranberry Exper- iment Station told what growers should watch for to see if air insecticide applications on the bogs were being properly given. (Points he made were given in April issue of CRANBERRIES). Dr. Chester E. Cross talked briefly on weeds and Dr. F. B. Chandler on fertilizers. Sinviliar meetings, except for the air exhibition were held at Halifax on United Cape Cod Co. Bog. 9 in the afternoon and at West Barnstable NCA (former N. E. Sales) screenhouse and at North Hai-wich NCA screenhouse the previous day. Bog visits were made by requests from the North Harwich plant. Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1 . Growers suplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. Protects Cranguymal Provide^ ProtectionS^fron Frost and Drought at Cronguyma Forms, "^HDTO" dOTOTksf OF POKTLAND OREGO^^O^^^ '■°"9 Beach, Wash. oPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today without obligation. NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES, 1633 WEST LAKE ST.. PEORIA 5, Ten Massachusetts Grower Make Sensational ''Hit" in Food Sideline Plymouth High School boys bring up baking tin to fire. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Oi-rin G. Colley and Associ- ates Last Month Baked "World's Biggest Pizza Pie," Appian Way at Ply- mouth Beach. The world's biggest pizza pie has just been baked at Plymouth Beach, Mass. What has this to do with cranberries? Nothing except that the head of the organization which made this enormous pizza is a cranberry grower, Orrin G. Col- ley— and perhaps a few rather in- direct cranberry tie-ins. Colley is president of the Cape Cod Cran- berry Co-operative of Plymouth. The big pizza was baked and eaten last month by 40 Plymouth High School boys and girls, mixed in huge bowls and "baked" on a specially-made pie pan of % inch aluminum, 5 ft. in diameter. Pie actually eaten, was prepared in a Plymouth bakery, but all the mo- tions of its prepai-ation with the dough, cans of sardines, Parme- san cheese, shrimps and sliced bologna were gone through on the white sands of the beach with the waves of the harbor as a back- ground. The boys gathered "drift- wood," made a huge fire, the girls fixed the feast. This was staged as a pizza pie party, with coke an dsoft drinks for 'teen-agers. There were black and white, color and movie cameras recording the scenes. It was actu- ally a publicity and ad-preparing stunt under the auspices of Ply- mouth Chamber of Commerce. Beginning as a meager side ven- ture (it is still a side line to cran- berries for Colley) in March 1952 this business has had a remarkable growth. Reluctant to give out ac- tual figures, because there is com- petition, Mr. Colley says the pizza product is now approaching multi- million mark in gross sales. Thou- sands who never knew of the Italian dish before, are now home- preparing Appian Way, ready-mix pizza. Although there are five or six other firms in the business. Food Specialties, Inc., which is the name of the company, was the original and is now advertised as America's largest maker of pizza pie mix. Appian Way came about when two brothers, of Italian descent, living in Worcester conceived an idea that a ready-mix pizza could have a wide appeal. The brothers are Frank Fiorillo, a baker and Dominique, an assistant professor of sociology at Suffolk County Law School. The Fiorillo brothers re- ceive a royalty on every case sold by the manufacturers and pro- moters. Colley's associates are Robert Price, an attorney of Wor- cester, Mass., who is the attorney, and secretary-treasurer of the corporation, and Humphrey L. . Nash, Jr., also an attorney, vice president. Sales off'ices are at 36 Main Street, Plymouth. There, too, is the office of Cape Cod Cranberry Cooperative. The contents of an Appian Way package consists of the pizza mix, this made up of enriched flour, dry yeast, dry skimmed milk, sugar and salt; and the pizza sauce, in a small tin can, the sauce ingre- dients being tomato puree, garlic, oregano, black pepper, Italian cheese, cottonseed oil, olive oil and added salt. These items which make up the pie are mixed, fixed and baked at home. Two assembly plants are now in operation, one at Worcester, in a three-story building, where 48 are employed, the other at San Jose, California with 18 workers. There is a sales off'ice in Chicago. Sixty-eight brokers handle dis- tribution from coast to coast and from border to border. This pro- duct is handled at consumer level by every major grocery chain in the country and by independent stores. Appian Way is advertised in radio and TV local spots; it was on Dave Garroway's program and is nationally advertised in Life magazine. The Name To find a name that was descrip- tive of pizza and would click with Eleven the consuming public was no trif- ling matter. Dozens of designa- tions were suggested, until finally Mr. Nash, Jr., came up with Appian Way. Appia Via was the designa- tion of a road leading from South- ern Italy to Rome, the first mile of which was really a footpath hav- ing been constructed in 312 B. C. It was the most famous of the early Roman roads. Appian Way proved a happy thought. Distinc- tive, original, it clicked and re- tained. Pizza pie has long been familiar along the eastern seaboard and on the southern California coast. It ^mn-"* :^.«m^C*t^. -*'^*^ To rijiht: Three professional photogs, snap close-up publicity pix of three of the girls. Below, Ply- mouth High girls mix up ingred- ients in huge pizza bowl. (CRANBERRIES Photo) "i-SR*- „^ — Twelve is especially popular with teen- agers who hold "pizza parties." Pizza became Icnown during the last war to many a GI who was in Italy. They carried the liking for the Italian dish back with them, and spread the news of pizza. The Appian Way pizza was brought out, apparently at exact- ly the right time. It caught on. Colley is frank to admit, "It was one of those things that come along once in a lifetime." It has been called the food hit of the year. Advertising and publicity for Food Specialties is handled by Chambers & W i s w e 1 1, Boston, (Charles Hutchinson, executive, and Nat Spurber,) who do the Eatmor account. Colley (CRAN- BERRIES April 1946) was for- merly employed by NCA, he has been on the road selling fresh fruit for the co-op he heads, and before that for the Colley Cran- berry Company. He is an ardent traveller — travel might be said to be his hobby. He has been in all the cranberry areas, and is familiar with the cranberry "trade" of the country. Now, with half a dozen men on the road for Appian Way, most of the year round, Colley finds these men can help establish better con- tacts for fresh fruit cranberry Sales. Many outlets which handle Appian Way, are also in the mar- ket for cranbei-ries in season. He figures he has learned quite a bit about merchandising, but as he gets deeper into nation-wide sales, he realizes more and more how really intense, and productive of sales, skilled merchandising can be. He has much respect for cranberry merchandising of late years, and particularly of how extremely well-known is Ocean Spray cran- berry sauce. Appian Way may be served as a pizza omelette, on meatless Fri- days, also with optional ingredients such as chopped mushrooms, cheese and chopped olives, cheese and sliced peppers, anchovies. "Could there be a cranberry pizza?" "No," Colley says a little sadly, "I'm afraid not. We have thought of it, but the tomato taste is too strong, the two cannot be mixed satisfactorilly." CONTROL Cranberry Root Grubs White Grubs Poison Ivy Chokeberry Wild Bean use VSOLVAYy PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE The Massaehuseits Cranberry Experiment Station C/iarfs recommend Para-dichlorobenzene for treating Root Grubs, White Grubs, Chokeberry, Poison Ivy and Wild Bean. For best results, bogs should be treated in April or early May. Ask for details. SOLVAY PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE FCR TREATING CRANBERRY BOGS is distributed by THE CRANBERRY TRADING POST • Onset, Mass. • Kanson, Mass. • North Harwich, Mass. SOLVAY PROCESS DIVISION IMed hemical Allied Chemical & Dye Coropration 61 BROADWAY, NEW YORK 6, NEW YORK Thirtqen here is what a lioneyoee looks like as it carries pollen on your bog. This vastly blown-up photograph is from the Agricultural College, University of Utah, Logan, Utah. Fourteen VOL. 19-No. 2 ISSUE OF JUNE, 1954 vy t^'^'^'^'^'v'^ 100 YEARS OF ENTOMOLOGY ^ THE battle against insects is now engag- ing for this season, although like actual warfare, preparation is never ending. "Clinics," other meetings, demonstrations, such as that given at Mass. State Bog on air spraying and dusting are opening tactics. This year marks the first 100 years of professional entomology in the United States. We have been training "generals," and minor leaders that long. It is well we have, the insect army isn't less in numbers, or any less in spirit of attack. It was in 1854 that entomology began in this country. Recognition of the need for insect control led, in that year to the ap- pointment of two entomologists to govern- ment positions. Insects have, since early history competed with man for foodstuffs. Earliest cranberry growers were troubled with cranberry insects well before 1854. For example, one Augustus E. Leland of Sherborn, in Middlesex County, Massa- chusetts, who first cultivated about 1830 began to be troubled in 1840. He wrote that "every year since 1840 these (cran- berry) vines had been eaten up as regularly as the year came around by a worm, called in this vicinity the 'cranberry worm.' This worm may be the same, or at least a species of the same worm which operates the last of June in the apple tree . . . some seasons they seem to threaten total annihilation, the vines presenting to the eye the same appearance that an or- chard does when its foliage has been eaten by the canker worm. To destory this work (of the worms) the vines were kept under water until the first of July." Other pioneers bitterly complained of "the worm." First two entomologists to be appointed were Townsend Glover for the Federal government, assigned to the patent office. The other. Asa Fitch for New York State. The United States Entomological Com- mission was created in 1876. In the U. S. today about 4.500 men and women are professional entomologists. Picnering in the cranberry field were J. B. Smith, State Entomologist of New Jersey, who also did work in Massachu- setts. There was Thomas Headley also of New Jersey. C. B. Hardenburg, who worked in Wisconsin on cranberry insects, CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Charles H. Fernald of Massachusetts State College is remembered by many. The first full-time cranbei-ry entomologist in cran- berries was Dr. Henry J. Franklin, engaged in 1909 through the efforts of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association to give growers relief from insect devastations. There was the late Charles E. Beckwith of New Jersey, today's William E. Tomlinson, Jr., succeeding Dr. Franklin as Mass. Ex- periment Station entomologist and many others. We wouldn't have million-barrel crops today without the entomologists. Fifteeii Cranberry growers seldom miss an opportunity for fa- vorable cranberry publicity, and here Secretary of U. S. Air Force Harold Talbot received gift of Cape cran- berry scoop when he visited Camp Edwards on the Cape as possible site for the new Air Academy. Presenting scoop is A/2c Virginia Chick, Otis Field WAF. Gov. Christian A. Herter of Massachusetts, himself a cranberry grower (extreme left) looks on. (U. S. Air Force Photo) Fresh From the Fields (Continued from Page 7) 27th false army worm and green spanworm were hatching. Weevil appeared scai-ce, due, again, ap- parently to the weather. By end of May there were no undue threats of heavy insect infestations or damage. NEW JERSEY May Usually Cold May was unusually cold in the cranberry growing area of New Jersey. The average temperature was 59.3°F., which is 4.4° cooler than normal. In the early part of May there were three frosty nights on cranberry bogs, with readin<;-s below 30° being reported from many bogs. As of the first of June, however, it appears that cranberry growers suffered negligible dam- age. On the benefit side of this cold snell is that the frost re^ows have caused a general reduction of blossom worms, fireworms, and to a lesser degree, tipworms. Blueberry Frost Damage Blueberry growers were not so fortunate, as early varieites in some fields were considerably dam- aged by frost. The Hammonton blueberry area has not gotten as much rain as the Burlington Coun- ty area, but the loss is felt more in the strawberry fields than in the blueberries. Rainfall About Normal Rainfall during May was 4.04 inches, about .82 inches above nor- mal. Bogs Look Good Bogs gf'nerally looked good on June 1. New plantings were de- layed in May because of mujh rainy weather. On bogs where new growth on June 1 was an inch long, the following insects were ac- tive: blunt-nosed leaf hopper, tip- worm, sparganothis fruit worm, blossom weevil and fireworms. Dusting with 10 percent DDT was begun on a few bogs which had reached the dangle stage. Con- siderable fertilizer was applied dur- ing May by aircraft. Air Dusting Blueberries As of June 3 cherry fruitworm moths were still emerging, with in- IICOPIEK PEST CO^iTRCL DUSTING AND SPRAYING 14/iqqsns /It '^f ims rliru/aus NORWOOD, MASS. RAY MORSE. Agent Tel Wareham 405-W4 Sixteen dications that they would continue to do so for another 10 days. Egg laying was at a peak and egg- hatching with entry of worms into berries was occurring in undusted fields. Aircraft dusting with para- thion began on May 30. WASHINGTON Late May Warmer Warmer weather after May 15th considerably increased fruit de- velopment. A good growth had been started by first of June. There were several recordings of 75 lat- ter half of month. Nearly an inch of rain fell after about ten days of dry weather, which stalled off sprinkler irriga- tion for the time being. Cold and Dry Spring, up to middle of May was cold and dry, with only a few real- ly warm days. Cranberries ap- peared about 10 days to two weeks behind last year. Bud develop- metn seemed to be rather erratic, some being well developed with flower and bud cluster separating, while others were just starting to swell. First Brood Fireworm First brood of fireworm started hatching approximately May 5 to May 10. Growers who had infesta- tions last year were applying the first DDT and fungicide sprays at that time. The low temperature for the per- iod was 22 on April 27 and the high, May 1 with 80 degrees. New Sprinklers In New bog sprinkler systems have been completed in installations and new plantings are practically com- plete. OREGON The month of May began with a frost that may have resulted in damage on unprotected bogs. Esti- mates of growers vary from 10 per- cent damage to as high as 50 percent. However, it is quite pos- sible that the production for the district will not be much below last year. It definitely will not be any greater. Fruit all over the state was in- jured. Medford and Milton-Free- water have been declared disaster areas. Irrigation Necessary May has been very dry forcing irrigation to begin by the 15th. Committee Meeting West Coast Advisory meeting has been called for June 10th au the Freezer plant at Long Beach, Washington at which time a more complete pictures of West Coast conditions will be ascertained. OREGON QUEEN HONORED Bandon's Cranberry Queen, Miss Barbara Wright was a guest of honor at the annual Rhododenron Festival at Florence, Oregon, last month. She rode in a special float in the grand parade. NEW JERSEY TO NAME BLUEBERRY QUEEN New Jersey is to choose a blue- berry queen at Hammonton, June 19th. The girl selected will win an all-expense tour of East Coast cities and appear on radio and TV shows. She will be given a com- plete wardrobe. Contestants must be members of a family in the blueberry industry, an employee or sponsored by a blueberry grower. THE PENCOffi, PROGRAM FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS For higher yields of better fruit at lower cost, more and more cranberry growers have learned to rely on a planned program of pest control using reliable Penco Pesticides. For Fruif Worm Confrol-PENCO KRYOCIDE® A natural cryolite that has been tested and proved effective for many years. For Fireworm and Leafhopper Control— PENCO DDT W-50 with 50% DDT. Formulated to give maximum protection. For Fruif Rot Control— PENCO FERBAM Dust Base and Wet- table Powder. Contains 76% ferric dimethyldithiocarbamate. AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS PENNSYLVANIA SALT MFG. CO. OF WASHINGTON Tacoma 1, Washington • Philadelphia 7, Penna. Montgomery, Alabama • Bryan, Texas* Portland, Oregon Los Angeles and Berkeley, California P^nnsalt CKemicals Seventeen Lester E. Haines, recently named executn e \ iiu pi i ^ident and general manager of Eatmor Cranberries, Inj., is shown in a recent photo at his officq in Chicago. A meeting of Board of Directors of Eatmor was held at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, May 26 at which future plans were made. These to be announced later. Fertilizer Used To Improve Effect Of Kerosene C. A. Doehert New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station On New Jersey cranberry bogs, kerosene has been useful in reduc- ing graasses and certain weeds. These weeds have returned to the bog, however, within a couple of years in numbers great enough so that the grower has not realized as much benefict from the kero- sene as he had expected. It has seemed that if the growth of cranberry vines could be sufficien- tly stimulated soon after the use of kerosene, the new vine growth might be so increased that weeds would not have the same chance to become re-established. With this in mind, an application of 200 pounds of 8-8-8 per acre was made on August 1, 1953, on a young bog. On June 1, this year, areas so treated had 14 percent more up- rights than unfeitilized areas. This is, of course, only a preli- minary result. It is quite likely that if the fertilizer had been ap- plied June 1 instead of August 1, the result would have been consi- derably more benefectial. Or, as has been shown in other experi- ments, if one application were made June 1 and a second one August 1, there would have result- ed both a good increase of vines and an improvement in the set of fruit buds. As time permits, further tests will be made. For the present, on bogs where vine growth is poor because of weedi- ness and where kerosene has been used to kill the weeds, it would seem that a desirable rate of ap- plication to try would be any one of the following quantities: — 100 libs, nitrate of soda, 80 lbs. am'- monium sulfate, 50 lbs. ammonium ritrate, 160 lbs. 10-10-10 (or the equivalent in any 1-1-1 ratio). Each of these quantities, it will be noted, provides 16 pounds of actual nitrogen. For bogs which are too young to bear, these quantities miirht be used in June and again the first week in August. For bearing bogs, the second treatment should be omitted if there is danger of get- ting too much vine growth. Nor- mally under conditions which have required the use of kerosene, there would not be much danger of excessive vine growth and the second application could be used. Tfie History Of Prepackaging (The following is reprinted, with per- mission from Market Growers Journal, as material which may interest cranberry growers.) The "Columbus Experiment" is often thought of as the beginning of prepackaging. But a great deal of groundwork had been done earlier, much of it by persons and firms who collaborated in that pro- ject. The operation in Columbus, O., was a joint undertaking of A&P and Ohio State Univ. and Exp. Sta., beginning in 1944 and continuing through 1947. Those experiments had the sup- port also of E. I. du Pont de Ne- mours and Co., Ohio Boxboard Co., Hussman Refrigeration, Inc., Oli- ver Machinery Co., Food Machinery Corp., and others. The attention the project attracted, due to the prestige of the factors engaged, Eighteem served to dramatize the venture and to publicize its successful re- sults. It stimulated active interest in prepackaging more than any- thing that had occurred before, and it provided some needed facts un- der representative commercial con- ditions. Yet a certain amount of pioneering had been under way as much as 20 or 25 years prior to 1944, beginning date of the Colum- bus experiment. Some of this was fundamental research by experiment stations and other agencies dealing with the nature of various wrapping ma- terials and the responses of plant and animal tissues when sealed in these wrappers. For example, in 1928 H. D. Brown, in Mich. Agr. Exp. Sta. Technical Bulletin 87, described a series of tests of the effects of various papers upon the quality of some fruits and vege- tables. Stahl and Vaughan pub- lished one of the earliest official accounts of experimental work in this field in Fla. Exp. Sta. Bulletin WATCH YOUR PROFITS GROW SINCE 1910 PORTABLE IRRIGATION DISTRIBUTED BY C. MORRIS WILLIAMS Hatchville Road North Falmouth, Mass. CHARLES REED School St. Seekonk, Mass. I W. R. AMES COMPANY I 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa, F'a. [ SEND ME FREE LITERATURE. j NAME — I ADDRESS CITY TAMPA, FLA ■'•' 'sAN FRANCiSeO: CA'LrK: 369 in 1942, under the tile "Pliofilm in the Preservation of Florida Fruits and Vegetables." Since that date the literature on prepackag- ing has grown amazingly. Pioneers At the same time a number of commercial trials were going on here and there. Just who should get the nod for pioneering these developments? Mushrooms in con- sumer-size paperboard boxes have been a familiar item at least since the late 1920's and brussels sprouts since the mid-30's. Spinach and tomatoes have been growing in popularity as standard prepack- aged merchandise since the late 30's. Consumer packaging of citrus fruits got its start in Florida about 1932, and there is now large vol- ume prepackaging of these fruits at both growing-shipping and ter- minal market levels. And how long has it been since we saw our first paper and mesh consumer units of potatoes and dry onions? It was in 1932 that J. D. Rankin, of Du Font's Cellophane Division, enlisted the interest of the Sanitary Grocery Co. in Washington, D. C. (now Safeway Stores) in, an organ- ized approach to produce prepack- aging. At about the same time Du Pont collaborated in some ex- \\nMiuipuul cnAWBERRIKS CRANBERRY GROWERS, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin TO CONTROL CRANBERRY FRUIT WORM, USE ROTENONE and RVANIA ADEQUATE STOCKS AVAILABLE S.B.PENICK l& COMPANY Nineteen tensive trial packaging of various products in Florida, including sweet corn, which was shipped to outlets in Philadelphia, and lemons shipped to Minneapolis and St. Paul. Growers and shippers were not yet ready to undertake prepack- aging commercially at points of origin. So in 1934 Rankin moved closer to the consumer with his trials. He and Mike Freeman iri New York City developed a pre- packaging operation there to sup- ply some of the chain retail out- lets. Lettuce packaging had to be discontinued because biding on packageable quality in the New York produce market made prices prohibitive. But the Freeman Pro- duce Co., continued consumer pack- aging of brussels sprouts with suc- cess, and is one of the largest in the country with that product today. Half-Wrap In 193.3-34 Louis Marx, a coop- erative grower in Woleott, N. Y., packaged celery with a celephone comparable to the present ISAT type. This worked well, and was later tried in Florida, also with success. This was the forerunner of the half-wrap of celery which was set up on a large scale by Harry Becker in Detroit in 1937. In 1935 First National Stores started a central packaging deal for prodce to supply their own stores in Boston, and later extended the operation to Hartford and White Plains, N. Y. Inasmuch as none of the stores had yet moved very far in the direction of self- service, they were not ready for it in the produce departments. Onions and potatoes in 5, 10 and 15-lb. units assumed impor- tance about 1935, when large quan- tities of Idaho potatoes were so packed. This was followed by the "Super Spuds" program in Maine in 1937, which further greatly in- ci-eased the use of consumer pack- ages for potatoes. The pioneering of such firms as Farmer Brown in Springfield, Mass., and Sunny Sally in Los Angles cannot be overlooked. These and the Crosset Bros, in Cin- cinnati, Art Romp, Cavalier, Gull- ing and Wilson in Cleveland, Aunt Mid in hicago, Lee Duvall in Bal- timore and many others were Twenty plugging along, learning how to do the job, and gradually getting the ti'ade and the consumers acquaint- ed with prepackaged perishables. Acceptance was mounting. Then came the early '40's, and the war. Prepackaging supplies were almost unobtainable, and de- velopments slowed to a walk. But A&P's experimental project in Columbus, under Frank McGeough, coupled with the work of the Amer- ican Stores under Paul Cupp in Kearny, N. J., gave the industry a shot in the arm. The middle and late '40's saw a big pickup in interest and acti- vity. Central packing in receiving markets began to grow again and has since reached large propor- tions. Tomato prepacking, which had been a hand operation for a few years previously, became large scale in many large cities with introduction of automatic over- wrapping equipment. Paul Dick- C. & L Equipment Co. ACUSHNET, MASS. C & L WEED TRIMMER For Cranberry Bogs BRIGGS & ST RATON Engine 3 Horse Power 4 HEAVY DUTY CUTTING HEADS with TIMKEN BEARINGS HEAVY DUTY WHEELS GEAR TRANSMISSION FOR TRAVEL SPEED BALL LOCK BELT CLUTCH FOR KNIVES FOR SALE or RENT For further information contact either — F. P. CRANDON 1191 Main Street Tel. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Tel. New Bedford 3-4332 man in Florida, Willard Farns- worth and Dennis Tope in Ohio, and other grower-shippers else- where came to be important sup- pliers of prepackaged produce. Special packaging companies sprang up in many markets. Man- ufacturers came out with better packing materials and supplies, needed machinery and equipment. More and more retailers installed refrigerated self-service display and sales cases. In 1947 the Western Growers Association with A. L. Martin as director of research, climaxed ex- periments of several years on pro- duce handling with several carlot shipments of prepackaged vege- tables from California to Eastern markets. The Florida Vegetable Prepackaging Council also came into existence in 1947, and has a continuing experimental program going in cooperation with the Univ. of Florida and the USDA at the present time. Passage of the Research and Marketing Act in 1946 stimulated research in consumer packaging. Economic and technolofrieal stud- ies are being made by several of the State Agr. Exp. Stations and by the USDA. A monthly periodical was started to deal exclusively with prepack- aging matters — Pre-Pack-Age be- gan publication in September 1947. In 1948 and 1949 national meet- ings were held in conjunction with the National League of Wholesale Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Distrib- utors, and in 1949 with the Pack- aging Institute, where prepack- agers and related commercial in- terests, research workers, and others exchanged views and ex- periences. As an outcome the Pro- duce Prepackaging Assn. was founded, and is now official spokes- man tox the industry. Looking Back (Editor*s Note: The following are gleanings from the proceedings of Amer- ican Cranberry Growers' Association, New Jersey of just 50 years ago. One of our successful cranberry growers was recently consulted by a young man as to the advisability of engaging in the business of growing cranberries. To guide him, he asked the cost of land, expense of preparing, crops per acre and net gain. His reply was that if it was prac- tical to give him this information it would hardly be serviceable to him, as he had omitted the largest element of cost; viz. that of learn- ing the business. That it would be on a par with asking a successful physician what was his office rent, fees and net profits per annum as a guide to a would-be M. D., omitting the most important asset, viz, cost of training and experience. The advantage would be rather in favor of the medical proposition, as there are schools for study and practice with moderate charges for tuition. To learn the cranberry business there are no schools except those of experience, in which the rate of tuition is extremely high, and the course of study and practice is limited only by a man's natural lifetime. — A. J. Ryder SHARON BOX COMPANY, Inc. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones— Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding ONE-WAY LOW-LIFT ' TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls for both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. Twenty -one Twenty-two National 1954 Marketing Plans National, it is understood, ex- pects to handle 940,000 barrels in 1954, this including the prospective crop and carry-over. NCA is work- ing on a sales quota of its own to sell 440,000 barrels as fresh, through some 70 brokers. NCA hopes that 600,000 barrels will be sold, fresh through all agen- cies, there being about 13 such all told. A total of 425,000 was dis- posed of fresh in the 1953 crop. To place on the fresh market, NCA expects to have 50,000 from Wis- consin and 10,000 from the Pacific Coast. NCA program is to sell 150 carloads the first ten days after berries reach the right color. NCA on May 31 had 286,320 bar- rels in freezers. On January first 352,855. A program is contem- plated which will give at least 100,- 000 barrels less in freezers in September 1955 than is expected this coming September 1. OCEAN SPRAY SALES REPORTED AS UP NCA reports that Ocean Spray sales for the first quarter of '54, were 620,229 cases to consumers as compared to 578,044 in the pre- ceding year. This makes a 7 per- cent increase, and with govern- ment sales added in an increase of 28 percent, which compares very . well with a 3 percent gain for food industry as a whole, NCA contin- ues. Consumer sales for March and April together are reported as 402,605 cases, an increase over con- sumer sales of 16 percent with the 347,338 sales of the same period in 1953. WASHINGTON CRANBERRY AREA BEARS A hundred years or so of set- tlement in the Washington State cranberry area has not entirely tamed that region. Recently a family of five black bears, the adults weighing at least 300 pounds were engaged in a hassle with residents of the cranberry town of Nahcotta. First a man took a picture of the group feeding. Then at night a Nahcotta couple were driving home, the woman in a car, husband following in a truck. The woman stopped and said she had hit a bear. They couldn't find the bear, but later on the way home, she stopped again and said she had hit another bear. This time a large female bear was found by the side of the road, with a broken hip. The wom-an stepped out and struck at the animal with a two foot flashlight; the bear slapped back, and she lost a hunk of her jeans and suffered welts on her leg. The husband finished off the bear with a 15 pounddack. There still remain the "old man" bear and three cubs in the region. MASS. MEN VISIT BRITISH COLUMBIA Norman Holmes, Fritz Shaw and John Thomas, Jr., of Massachusetts made a trip last month to Van- couver Island. They visited new bog and bog sites in the Lulu Island vicinity. STONE & FORSYTH COMPANY Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVERETT, MASS Tel. EV 7 - 1240 - 1241 ■ 1242 Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers * * * REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER in stock * * * Construction Grade Redwood Spruce - — Fir Hardware Paints Roofing E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middleboro Rd. E. Freetown Tel. No. Roch. 75 Cambridge St. Middleboro Tel. 1123 Twenty- three Cranberi'y Queen Lee Saunders of Rochester, Mass., and student at Wareham High School is shown above at the Father's Day luncheon at Waldorf-Astoria in New York recently. Lee represented the cranberry industry, as chicken and cranberries make up the main course of the national "otficial" Father's Day menu. With her (left) is Sam Snead, golf champion named "Sport's Father of the Year, and, (right) Lloyd Nolan, noted actor currently starring in "The Caine Mutiny Court Martial," who is "Stage Father of the Year." Miss Saunders was accompanied on the trip by Miss Ellen Stillman, advertising director and Miss Betty Buchan, publicity director of National Cranberry Association. She visited the Arthur Godfrey TV show, took the tour of the UN and saw other sights. Also in New York at the time were M. L. Urann and James Glover of National. To CRANBERRIES Magazine, Wareham, Massachusetts Gentlemen: ' ' '■'""'■ I wish to take advantage of your special offer of 14 issues of CRAN- BERRIES for the 12 months' price of $3.00. Send to Street City or Town State Enclosed $3.00 D Bill me $3.00 D Twenty-four JUNE- Is the month of the longest daylight hours, but— ELECTRICITY Continues to play an important, time-saving part in your activties. Make the greatest use of it every month in the 12 of the year. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 jhur-Rane 400 Couplet Your SHUR- RANE Dealer FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries 28' Sickle bar cuts weeds, brush, grass — trims close to buildings and trees. Climbs hills. 5!SS^S^S>5^ -i:^^^ LAWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW ATTACHMENTS ■---■^^? 20' Full FloaHng Reel 16' Rotary Snow Thrower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. ^iapJjltiL IIU WMBINGTON B^ ^SX NBWTON Wi Agr- axp ■ Ota., otaoc v/w-txi^B'' Amherst, Mess, (x) FATHERS DAY om^mMlee 50 EAST 42nd street. NEW YORK 17. N. Y. MURRAY HILL 7-6952 February 2h, 195U .The Father's Day Dinner is fast becoming as much a tradition as is the Thanksgiving Day Dinner. Father's Da.v falls on the third Sunday in June. This year it is June 20th. The official Father's Day menu consists of chicken^ cranberry sauce, cake and all the "trimmings" Sincerely, ITIONAI TA' 'S DAY COMMITTEE M^ Alvin Austin Executive Director EXCERPT FROM LETTER TO NATIONAL CRANBERRY ASSOCIATION Who Eafs Cranberries in June? MILLIONS OF PEOPLE! During- June 1953 over two and one half million cans of Ocean Spray Cranberry Sauce were sold. Most of these sales were made to fill the demand created by Ocean Spray's Father's Day campaign. Again in 1954 Chicken and Cranberry Sauce is the official Father's Day dinner (see above). There will be strong activity promoting this meal from the Poultry Industry, The Father's Day Committee, and the National Cranberry Association. We expect to sell a great deal more Cranberry Sai;ce than last year. Father's Day is one of many events throughout the year that are making Ocean Spray a profitable, substantial growers' organization. If you have a question regarding your cranberries, talk to National. NATIONAL CRANBERRY ASSOCIATION THE CRANBERRY GROWERS' COOPERATIVE Hanson, Mass. SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD HEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON GEORGE RGUNSVILLE, Massachusetts State Bog Worker. (Story on Page 7) (CRANBERRIES Photo) 30 Cents JULY 1954 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES E^cpert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Einer£cncy Portable and All Applicationa Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. Hall & Cole Established 1848 Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Wareharn Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT PUMPS SPRINKLER IRRIGATION DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The National Bank of Wareharn Conveniently located for Cranberry lyien Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bofs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. T.l. M« Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, MasB. Tel. AR 5-6100, B-6101 FORD INDUSTRIAL POWER UNITS 6 Sizes 4-6 & 8 Cylinders A size for every need. Local Service and Parts H. A. SUDDARD, Inc. Wareham, Mass. Tel. 643 • • PATRONIZE CRANBERRIES ADVERTISERS • • WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters MBM Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation MlddSepcrt, New York Send A Copy To Your Friends . Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repair- on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. WITHOUT CHARGE Please send a free copy of CRANBERRIES with my compliments to the IJersons listed below : [ ] If possible send the May, 1954 issue. To Address City __ State To Address City __ „State_ I Sender .._ Address One DIRIXrrOKY FOR ('RANBEKRY GRO\\ I- Middleborough Trust Company Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME MOWING SERVICE HAVE A CUB MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation to Visif and Ride THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD South Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood TRACTOR do your upland mowing quickly and well. contact RAY MORSE Wareham 405-W4 RALPH THACHER Hyannis 715-M BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J.&J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 Get the right product for every pest problem Use [ 0 h ORCHARD PsPRAYSiDOSTs) Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. ... the first choice of Commercial Growers GENERAL CHEMICAL DIVISION ALLIED CHEMICAL & DYE CORP. 40 Rector Street, New York 6, N. Y. 58 Weybosset St., Providence, R. I. HAYDEN SEPARATOR WAREHAM, MASS. CRANBERRY SPECIALIST UNSOL C TED ". . . you will be glad to know that our ad SHUR-RANE PIPE RAINBIRD HEADS PERMANENT & MOVABLE Installations for FROST and IRRIGATION in CRANBERRIES really pulled we g-ot just what we wanted, which proves your magazine is read". Two Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist The spring frost season gave Massachusetts growers a parting shot on June 17. One grower re- ported a temperature of 26 de- grees. A number of the "colder bogs" experienced temperatures under 30 degrees but the general average was substantially higher. Very little frost damage has been reported for the entire spring. Only 12 general warnings were released compared to 23 during this period last year. George Rounsville handled the frost fore- casting work in his usual capable manner. Dr. Franklin assisted as our frost consultant and his wise counsel was nrost helpful. Season a Little Retarded This season is slightly retarded compared with last year. Insect activity has been relatively light. Weeds, as usual, have been a pro- blem. We experienced a little hail damage in late June on a few bogs in Barnstable County in the vicinity of Falmouth. Rainfall has been adequate as of July 8. How- ever, we are a bit concerned over the wet period experienced during last week of June when "early water bogs" were in bloom. Dr. Bergman has observed that such a condition during the bloom does not favor good keeping quality. On the other hand, tempei-atures for the month of June were slight- ly below normal which could tend to retard the development of fungi according to Dr. Bergman. Bogs that were sprayed twice during the bloom with a suitable fungicide, and according to the recommenda- tions on the new chart, should be protected against rotproducing fungi. Insects The fruitwornr season is here as we go to press. Field meetings and clinics will have been held to ac- quaint growers with the identifi- cation and control of this pest by the time this issue of CRANBER- RIES reaches the growers. We would like to point out again that egg counts are very important in timing control measures and that the "hand lens" is still standard equipment for locating the eggs of this pest. Materials are expensive and unless growers have counts of approximately five unhatched and unparasitized fruitworm eggs per hundred berries spraying or dust- ing is not recomended. If egg counts warrant treatment, Rote- none applied as a spray is given preference over the other mate- rials in spite of its cost. Growers are urged to observe the warning outlined at the bottom of the insect chart. It is as fol- lows: "Do not use dust or spray materials containing DDT or Rote- none near a ditch, stream, or pond for it kills fish. If dusting machines are used stuff cotton in ears and wear goggles and a res- pirator to protect operator". The fish and wildlife people solicit the cooperation of growers in this res- pect. Their program of stocking certain streams and ponds with fish is in jeopardy unless extreme caution is exercised. Very few complaints were registered last year and we know that growers will want to continue their good record. In addition to fruitworms, grow- ers should check their bogs during July for blunt-nosed leafhoppers, the second brood of blackheaded firevvorms, new brood of weevils, the adults of the spittle insects, army and cutworms. The last two pests are confined to late water bogs and those that were held until mid-July for grubs. Ditch Weeds We have some timely informa- tion from Dr. Cross on the control of ditch weeds. He suggests that growers burn off the weeds grow- CAPE COD CRANBERRIES MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 Three NEW 1954 WESTERN PICKER NOW ON DISPLAY The 1954 WESTERN PICKER is now on display at the various NCA receiving plants in Massachusetts. Try to inspect one at the plant nearest you. It surpasses all previous models and has been designed and built for trouble-free operation by the beginner in the Field of Mechanical Picking. It will not only pick your berries but also prune your bog better than any other method — So that, over a period of years, your crop production will be greatly improved. A few of the many improvements made in this 1954 Model are — New tooth (tine) design for cleaner picking and to pick up less rocks and twigs; new Pilot wheels on both sleds to follow the ground contours. This greatly improves picking over rough bogs; steel spring backed rubber lugs on conveyor belt to clear all plugs; chain and sprocket drives instead of gears for long trouble-free wear; 10 ^( wider for more capa- city; heavy precision bearings throughout the running gear; a larger engine with built-in reduction, eliminat- ing high speeds on all bearings. These new 1954 WESTERN PICKERS may be purchased for as little as $100 down through the Cran- berry Credit Corp., or thi'ough your bank. Have your NCA plant manager direct you in purchasing a picker or have our agents explain the WESTERN PICKER'S new features and tell you how it may be purchased at practically any terms within reason. WESTERN PICKER, Inc. 1172 Hemlock Ave. Coos Bay, Oregon MIDDLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS ing in the ditches with one of the weed killers. Weed-choked ditches are responsible for sprading nrany troublesome weeds over our bogs. The knapsack sprayer can be used for this work and it will save considerable time if the nozzle opening is enlarged to about 1/16 of an inch in diameter. Dr. Cross recommends one half pound of Sodium Arsenite be dissolved in a sprayer full of water ( 3% to 4 gals.) and sprayed rapidly with good pressure on the ditch weeds, holding the nozzle low to avoid spray drift on the cranberry vines. The ditches should be reaso- nably dry for best results. We should not forget that Sodium Arsenite is a deadly poison and should be used with extreme cau- tion. If most of the ditch weeds are grasses, sedges, and rushes the use of fuel oil is recommended in place of the above chemical. Ani- mate is also an excellent material for the control of ditch weeds. Dr. Cross suggests 2% pounds of Am mate for each knapsack spray- er full of water. While Ammate is not poisonous to man or brows- ing animals, it will kill cranberry vines very readily and is extremely corrosive to equipment. Crop Report Information It will soon be time to be estimating the size of our Massa- chusetts crop. A special effort was made last summer to secure more crop reports. As a result, a subs- tantial increase in the number of reports was realized which enable Mr. C. D. Stevens of the New England Crop Reporting Service to prepare a more accurate estim'ate of our crop. We are all aware of the importance of accurate crop estimates. Certainly our cranberry marketing organizations must have this vital information in order to plan their marketing- programs. We hope growers will continue to send in their crop reports to Mr. Steven's office in Boston. FOR SALE 3000 Used Cranberry Picking Boxes .'50 cents and up each SUNSET MEADOWS CRANBERRY COMPANY Hill .Stri'i't anil Rlc. 44 Uiiynham. Mas.s, Fou ISSUE OF JULY 1954— VOL. t9 NO. 3 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscribtion, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS Cooler, Drier, Cloudier June was a slightly cooler. cloudier and drier month than normal in the Massachusetts cranberry area. Rainfall, as re- corded at Cranberry Station. East Wareham was 2.93- inches. Normal is 3.21. The preciptation, howeve?-, would not be constant over the whole area, by any means, as the month was one of localized and erratic showers especially. There was rain on many more days than usual even though it was. in general, lighter. Hail on Part of Cape A sharp, severe storm on Sun- day, the 27, brought hail to a por- tion of the Cape itself, about from Falmouth to Hyannis. There was some damage. June Second Successive Cool Month Temperatures averaged .6 of a degree a day below normal, which, although not much was considered of importance, in the respect that it was a cool and not a hot June as has been the fact in recent years. Sunshine was a little bit below normal, 59 percent as com- pared to the normal of 63 for June. Sunshine, thought, in June is not a matter of much importance inthe current crop in Massachu- setts. Insect Injury May Be Light Insect injury prospects seemed to be better than nornral, or certainly there was no indication at end of June damage for this year would be unduly heavy. Leaf- hoppers are around, and there is some spittle bug. Fruitworm does not look bad. A great deal of insect control is being done. Insec- S'till a Million Barrels in the Making-Cross Another million barrels of cranberries in the crop of this year, is still in prospect, says Dr. Chester E. Cross, director of Mass. Cranberry Experiment Station. He first made this "forecast" at the April meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association and now, only about two months from harvest, sees no reason to change his opinion. This, of course, will be plus the carry-over now in freezers, and his statement obviously carries with it the import the industry Kas a tough selling job ahead. It should, naturally, be noted that the prophecy of Dr. Cross is as of July first and the picture could easily be changed by picking time. Dr. Cross continues to give Massachusetts 600,000 barrels; Wisconsin 200,000 plus; New Jersey, 100,000 (or possibly less), and the West Coast an all-told 100,000. June, in Massachusetts, he says was a "fascinating" month to study. It was the second consecutive month to be slightly cooler than normal, rather than 6 or 7 degrees hotter as resent Junes have; there was a trifle less rain than average, (in violent contrast to the mere .29 inch in June of '53) but it was scattered over a number of days, there was much fog and cloud. While rains not as heavy as they could have been to best advantage, they were fairly well spaced. Humidity was often high. The rains, humidity and fog made almost ideal condition for fungi and berry rot; conditions would have been ideal for this had the month been as hot or hotter than normal. He is mentally balancing this see-saw of conditions as to quality as the season goes along. Vines at present are lush, but tender. The final keeping quality as to early-drawn fruit issued by Drs. Cross and Franklin was "fair to poor". Cross is now ready to drop the poor, and make it a straight "fair". There are now chalked up six points in favor of quality, out of a possible 14-15, and he says that with six achieved, he has never known a really poor quality crop so far. Berries on, early-drawn bogs will be small to medium in size, he foresees; on late water, a little better, especially for Early Blacks, with small to medium for Howes. June in Massachusetts has gone down as a generally favorable month. Much Work Going On Speaking of work, there is much more bog work of all kinds going on than in several years. Ditch cleaning, rebuilding, etc. A fair amount of new, or rebuilt bog is being put in. ticides have caused some undue amount of injury this past month particularly DDT concentrates. It is thought this may be due to the frequent light rains, fogs and general high hunmdity, which has kept vines wet. Five Crop Prospects Good As the month ended, while the season may be a trifle later than normal bogs look in good condi- tions. For the second year in a row, bogs look unusually good on Cape Cod proper. Barring the unforseen there will again be a big crop in Massachusetts. (See special report of Dr. Cross, page 5.) WISCONSIN May Cold Month The month of May was unusual- ly cold in Wisconsin. Practically all marshes were flooded continu- ally the first two weeks of May. The lowest recorded temperatures were 17 degrees on the night of May 6. As the water temperature was very low most marshes put on lake floods. Water supplies were adequate, but the Cranmoor area C. & Le Equipment Co, ACUSHNET, MASS. C & L WEED TRIMMER For Cranberry Bogs BRIGGS & ST RATON Engine 3 Horse Power 4 HEAVY DUTY CUTTING HEADS with TIMKEN BEARINGS HEAVY DUTY WHEELS GEAR TRANSMISSION FOR TRAVEL SPEED BALL LOCK BELT CLUTCH FOR KNIVES FOR SALE or RENT For further information contact either — F. P. CRANDON 1191 Main Street Tel. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Tel. New Bedford 3-4332 started pumping water from Wis- consin Rapids the latter part of May. With the late season the vines were slow in growing, with the weeds and grass growing ahead of the vines. Because of this con- dition considerable acreage was sprayed with Stoddard solvent and kerosene up to the end of May, which under normal conditions is quite a late date for application. Most applications were highly suc- cessful, especially with the solvent due to the damp, cold season. Sol- vent was applied in the evening at the usual rate of 400 gallons to the acre and kerosene at 600 gal- lons. Some growers also used for- tifier with the solvent with good results on broad leaf weeds. Blackheads Late First brood blackhead fireworm were delayed in hatching with the first observed hatching on May 29, almost two weeks later than nor- mal. Control measures started the first part of June, using parathion dust, which has been very satis- factory. Fireworm in Wisconsin are very well under control, with a large part of the acreage not requiring treatment. Fertilizer applications were gen- erally completed by the end of May. Considerable tonnage of pel- litized fertilizer was used this year with a number of marshes apply- ing the material by air. 7.5 New Acres This Spring New plantings were completed in the southern marshes the latter part of May and in the north the first part of June. It is estimated that about seventy-five new acres were planted this spring. Prospects Down From Last Year With above normal temperatures up to the middle of June the cran- berry vines developed rapidly with a scattering of bloom the middle of June. Based on this condition with continued favorable weather, full bloom can be expected by July 4th. Crop prospects look good but down somewhat from last year. Late June Warmer Late June was quite warm and with considerable rain. Central part of state was expected to be in almost, to full bloom by July 4th, with northern sections a few days latei-. In general, it is reported (Continued on Page 17) Six "LET GEORGE DO IT/' IS SAYING AT MASS. EXPERIMENT STATION By CLARENCE J. HALL But The Expression Is No "Gag," as George B. Rounsville, Technical Assistant, Is Always "On The Ball." "Oh, let George do it!" That has been a popular expression, usually with a slightly derogatory implication that "George," a sort of stumble- bum character can be called in to manage somehow to do, and probably rather badly, what nobody else wants to be bothered with doing. It is a common expression used at Massachusetts Cranberry Experi- ment Station today, but, with the assurance that George will do the job in discussion and do it well. If he hasn't already done it. George is George B. Rounsville, that island and owns other bog- technical assistant at the Station, and, says Director C. E. Cross he is a "rather amazing person for getting a multitude of things done, and very expertly done." Says Cross, "Often we'll be discussing some experiment in research, or merely some piece of work here at the State Bog we think should be done, or preparations made. We'll say 'Let's have George do it.' Only to find that George has the project in mind started or com- pleted." Rounsville, is the youngest of the half dozen or so researchers and others at the Station, and has not before been "written up" in CRAN- BERRIES, as the others have. He is by no means a talker, particu- larly when it comes to himself, but he is now taking on a number of important functions, as well as the more ordinary jobs he has been doing. He has been attached to the Sta- tion staflf since 1941, with the ex- ception of three years (1942-1945) when he was in service with the U. S. Marines in Pacific duty, seeing considerable combat and coming out of the service as a corporal. His first work at the Station was that of common la- borer. Rounsville is a native of East Wareham, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Rounsville, hav- ing been born October 23, 1923. He attended Wareham schools and af- ter graduating from Wareham High School had one year at prep school, Kent's Hill in Maine. He has an elder brother, Marland (CRANBERRIES Feb. 1950) who is vice president of the Nantucket Cranberry company, which operates what is generally known as the world's largest single bog unit, on entirely in his own right. Issues Frost Warnings A vital part in the activities of the Station that has now been as- signed to him, is the assembling and preparing of weather data, with the responsibility to decide if frost warnings shall be sent out to Massachusetts growers dur- ing the frost seasons. Before mak- ing the decision that conditions justify a warning or not, if things are "borderline," he usually con- sults with Dr. Cross, and at times with Dr. H. J. Franklin, who, al- though retired as Station director, is often available for an opinion. There have been instances, when he has made the decision entirely on his own responsibility — and as every grower knows there can be a great deal at stake in making the right choice. Developed Own Formula Although using the frost fore- casting formula developed by Dr. Franklin, Rounsville has recently completed a formula of his own. This is based entirely upon factors which are locally obtainable, and require no figures from distant points. That is, all he needs is data he can get at the Station. Using this, any grower could work out a forecast for his own bog in complete isolation from other information. This formula will not displace that of Dr. Franklin — it is still in the 'try-out" stage. But, if noth- ing more, it could provide a double check. Rounsville's duties include the daily taking of weather data at the Station; high and low tempera- tures, amount of precipitation, rain and snow, in the weather instru- ment shelter, and bogside tempera- tures, when desirable. He is also one of the weather observation corps scattered over the United States. Their duty is to make daily reports to weather bureaus, and George makes his to the weather bureau at Boston. This is a 365-day a year job, now entirely unpaid. For some years. Dr. Franklin did this, then "Joe" Kelley of the Station staff for years, and now George is doing it. Has Charge of State Bog Work George has actual charge of ir- rigation and frost protection of the eleven-acre State Bog. That is, he does the work under the di- rection of Dr. Cross. He does the weed control work, again working with Dr. Cross; insect control, in conjunction with "Bill" Tomlin- son, Station entomologist. He helps set up and watch tests. He makes insect sweeps and counts. He takes water samples and keeps a rigid check on oxygen con- tent in flood waters during the winter. He is the one who puts on the winter flood and takes it off' in the spring. Work of harvesting the crop is really pretty much his responsibil- ity. Picking at the State Bog is no mean job. Production last year was 800 barrels. He has charge of sanding and keeping ditches clean. Naturally, at various times of the year, he has manual labor assist- ance, as in sanding and hai-vest- ing. Taking care of equipment at ^mtHfiml CRANBERRY GROWERS, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin §evfli the bog is his job; this including two trucks, a station wagon, two power sprayers, three irrigation pumps. And, if there isn't anything else to do he may be found re- pairing and cleaning knapsack sprayers, and every grower knows this can be quite a chore. Has Own Bog — "A Beauty" For a side job, as many growers have one, Rounsville has — cran- berry growing, on his own bog. This is a small piece, only two acres, just off routes 28 and 6 at East Wareham, but it is one of the most beautiful bogs in Massa- chusetts. This definition is not that of Rounsville, himself, but of others. He built it himself, that is doing all but some of the heaviest work in his spare time and in his spare time he takes care of it. He began this in 1947, planted entirely to Early Blacks. Produc- tion last year was more than 100 barrels to the acre. He markets through National. He has installed frost and sprinkler irrigation, one giant head and three small 80's. His method of operation for frost is to turn on the sprinklers when the thermom- eter drops to within two or three degrees of the danger point, this point depending upon the time of the season. He keeps the water going until the glass has climbed back throe or four degrees above danger. He doesn't pump steadily but repeats the process of turning on and off as necessary; staying up all night if conditions require it. He doesn't melt the ice off before sunrise, but lets the sun do this. A hobby of his, although this shouldn't really be called a hobby is fire fighting. For a considerable number of years he has been a volunteer member of the East BOG WORK LARGE OR SMALL JOBS BULLDOZER AND SHOVEL WORK TRUCKING - GRADING E. G. HOWES West Wareham Tel. 795-M-l Wareham Forest Fire Department, and it is a rare blaze that hasn't found him among those putting out such dangers to property. He likes hunting and fishing, and at times to fool around with a precision camera. Rounsville lives with his wife, and daughter, Marcia, not far from the State Bog at East Wareham. It has been said that George Rounsville is rather taciturn. He is. Yet, his suggestions on cul- tural problems are often asked by others at the Station, as they con- sult with other cranberry growers. He gives his opinions, and is lis- tened to. He has been on panels in discussions on technical cranberry matters. It may be repeated that, George does many, many things in his work at the Massachusetts Sta- tion which assist in developing more cranberry-growing knowl- edge. Phosphatic fertilizers for west- ern farms are now in production at the new $5-million plant of Western Phosphates, Garfield, Utah. Liquid phosphoric acid, pelletized treble superphosphate & pelletized ammonium phosphate turned out at the plant will be distributed in the West by Wilson & Geo. Meyer & Co., Intermoun- tain. (News & Views) Protects Cranguyma! Provide^ Protectior^^/from Frosf and Drought at Cranguyma Farm», 'pHOTO^'roUR'rEsf op PORTLAND OHEGOl^OUENAL '•°"9 Beach, Wash. SPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependabiliry of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as appro'ved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning departmentis at your service. Consult us today without obligation. Siriillir Irriiititi Alllllllill NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES , 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PEORIA 5, Eight An eastern office of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. has been opened at 81 Center street, Middleboro, Massa- chusetts in charge of Stanley D. Benson, eastern sales manager, who will handle distribution of the Massachusetts and New Jersey crops. The office will also serve as a field office for Massachusetts growers. The executive offices of Eatmor in New Bedford have been closed and the main address is 1144 West 14th street, Chicago. Massachusetts growers who become ("irect members of Eatmor will received returns on fresh fruit as soon as fruit is sold, money collected and retains deducted, Mr. Benson says. While not as yet giving out names of any Massachusetts direct membership, he says he expects Massachusetts will ship 50 to 75 cars, that is under Eatmor handle 18 to 20 thousand barrels all told with perphaps 30 percent being processed. Benson has been with the now-defunct New England Cranberry Sales company and Eatmor for a total of 14 years, and has been familiar with cranberries all his life, his first cranberry job being nailing shooks during summer school vacations in 1928. EATMOR TO PACK SAUCE UNDER ITS OWN LABEL THIS FALL Morris April Bros, of New Jersey Selected — April Large Packers and Cran- berry Growers. For the first time in history this fall the Eatmor label will appear on canned sauce. With this an- nouncement, the split between Eat- mor Cranberies, Inc., and Na- tional Cranberry Association, which has done Eatmor processing previously, become complete, at least for the time being. Lester Haines of Chicago, gen- eral manager of Eatmor and Mor- ris April, president of Morris April Brothers, growers and packers of Bridgeton, New Jersey, have made public the fact that April will pack, both strained and whole sauce for the fresh fruit co-op. First shipments under the long- established Eatmor brand are ex- pected to move in early August. How many cases will be processed under the Eatmor name is not known at this time, deteriftining factors being the quantity of fruit Eatmor will handle this fall and the quality. Eatmor barrelage may approach the 200,000 barrel mark, it is reported, or something less than that, with the major portion of the tonnage being that of Wis- consin, with New Jersey second, possibly 30,000 barrels and Masa- chusetts 18-20,000 barrels. The April family has pledged its entire crop of fresh fruit to Eat- mor, through the Growers Cran- berry Company of New Jersey. The Aprils are a Southern New Jer- sey family, a firm which operates apple and peach orchards and ex- tensive cranberry bogs. About six years ago the April interests built a new and modern canning plant in the heart of their bogs at the head of Tuckahoe River in Cape May County. They pack under the name of "Orchard Brand," and to- day April Orchards canned cran- berry sauce is sold in all 48 states and Morris April Bros., is declared to be second largest producer of cranberry sauce in the country. Haines has pointed out that the choice of April to pack Eatmor was arrived at after much consider- ation, and settled in view of the fact that April would be a pro- cessor capable of producing sauce in cans which Eatmor felt would be worthy of the Eatmor label, and SHARON BOX COMPANY, Inc. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones— Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding Nine because of the efficiency of its plant and its record of growth in the short space of time it has been processing cranberries. In discussing the new agreement Mr. April emphasizes, he thinks it is an honor to be selected by Eat- mor. He is quoted as saying, "We intend to do everything- possible to make this cranberry sauce just as good as the name 'Eatmor,' has meant in fresh cranberries." Mr. April's son, Leon, has been placed in charge of actual canning operations, and to work with he has an experienced staff and excellent equipment. Plans for advertising, promotion and point-of-sales displays for the new Eatmor canned sauce will soon be released. LOOKING BACK Just 50 years ago the use of the cranberry scoop was new — some- thing a trifle tei'rifying to growers. Here is a summary for its oper- ation, as given at a meeting of American Cranberry Growers' As- sociation, New Jersey, in 1904. Use of the scoop does not require skilled labor. The scooper should get down to THE PENCOs, PROGRAM f4 FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS For higher yields of better fruit at lower cost, more and more cranberry growers have learned to rely on a planned program of pest control using reliable Penco Pesticides. For Fruit Worm Control— PENCO KRYOCIDE® A natural cryolite that has been tested and proved effective for many years. For Fireworm and leafhopper Control-PENCO DDT W-50 with 50% DDT. Formulated to give maximum protection. For Fruit Rot Control-PENCO FERBAM Dust Base and Wet- table Powder. Contains 76% ferric dimethyldithiocarbamate. AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS PENNSYLVANIA SALT MFG. CO. OF WASHINGTON Tacoma 1, Wastiington • Philadelpliia 7, Penna. Montgomery, Alabama • Bryan, Texas • Portland, Oregon Los Angeles and Berkeley, California Pennsalt Chemicals his work same as a hand picker. They should work in pairs, with a bushel box of basket between them, which should be kept in position by an attendant, in which to dis- charge the berries. The scoops can be used after vines are four years old without injury — rather with advantage to the vines. Young vines are picked by hand, as scoops were liable to tear the young runners from the ground. It its desirable to prune or trim out the vines before the first scooping-, but not absolutely neces- sary. Without pruning the scoops would bring to the surface loose runners which should be trimmed afterward. Second pruning rarely necessary, as the scooping each year pre- vented the entanglement of loose runners. Dropped berries are not picked up, as the cost and injury from narting the vines make it unprofit- able, even though IC percent were dropped. Scooping should not be done while vines are wet with dew, anJ scoopers are expected to aver- ag'2 20 bushels per day each. They are paid by the hour or day. The cost to the grower, about 14 cents per bushel, against 48 cents for handpicking. WEST COAST GROWERS CONTINUE SPRINKLERS So extensively are West Coast growers going in for increased sprinkler irrigation and frost con- tiol that growers of the Grayland (Washington) area alone, members of NCA, have borrowed §25,000 this spring from Western banks to make the improvements. These growers first make application to National, which endorses or dis- approves the individual project, be- fore those approved go to the bank for credit. Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S- T\t. S. University of Wi-^consin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1 . Growers suplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls» Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. T. T^all insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. Te» National Pushing Canadian Markets For Ocean Spray Products NCA Now Has Plants in British Columbia and Quebec to Meet Demand North of Border. What is probably the first well- developed plan to sell cranberries in quantity consistently in a for- eign country is that of the opening of the new Ocean Spray cannery and freezer in Yarrow, British Columbia, combined with the build- ing of NCA's first Canadian plant in St. John, Province of Quebec, in 1950. This pair of plants, one near each coast, gives good Canadian coverage. Both are operated by Ocean Spray Limited of Canada, wholly-owned NCA subsiduary. There are not enough Canadian berries on either coast at present to meet the demand, NCA says, so there will be imports from Oregon and Washington and probably some from Wisconsin to the plant at Yarrow. There is some new acre- age in British Columbia at Lulu Island and elsewhere which is ex- pected to increase rapidly. In Eastern Canada wild fruit is being used from some dozen or so grow- ers, plus some cultivated crops from Canada and Cape Cod. Sales of sauce from the St. John plant are reported by NCA to have in- creased from 4,380 cases in 1950 to 4'j,655 cases last year, or about a ten fold gain. To supplement the income from cranberries at Yarrow there will be handled Canadian fruits of the Fraser Valley, strawberries, rasp- berries, loganberries, cherries and apples. Mr. Urann reports these total 5,000,000 pounds or enough to pay for he plant in time by themselves. Can Export to Orient From the plant at Yarrow, there is also opportunity to export cran- berries to the Orient, according to Mr. Urann, as shipping has now revied and National expects to take advantage of this fact. He also de-lares NCA opportuni- ties for expanding the market in western Canada are unlimited. Right: new plant at Yarrow; Above, four tunnels in the freezer. This region is in a period of eco- nomic expansion, as is widely known. British Columbia has the prospects of having its population grow from 2,500,000 to nearly dou- ble that in a short period. In four years Western Canadian sales are reported as being four times as high as four years ago. The §100,000 required to build the plant was borrowed in Canada by Ocean Spray Limited and ma- chinery and equipment was sup- plied from Ocean Spray plants in the U. S. The building, erected on 4.5 acres of land is on the British Columbia Electric Railway. This railway connects with Canadian National, the Canadian Pacific, the Northern Pacific and the Great Northern railroads, and is also served by Trans-Canadian truck lines. Yarrow is described as a Men- nonite community of 2400 people. The Ocean Spray plant has four tunnel freezers with a capacity of 1,000 barrels an hour. Canadian fruit growers, other than of cran- berries may become members of NCA. Yarrow is in a scenic spot with snow-clad mountains as a back- ground. EI«ven I'laiit Quebec Drainage Studies At Massachusetts State Bog By F. B. Chandler Studies of drainage which have been made since 1946 show a need for better and deeper drainage to increase root development and to get deeper roots. Root develop- ment starts when the soil tempera- ture is about fifty degrees, there- fore any free water remaining in the soil after the temperature rises to fifty prevents the development of deep roots. Several types of drains have been studied at the State Bog and it appears that tile drains and plastic tubing have the greatest possibilities. Tiles placed below the surface of the peat should be kept in line and ONE-WAY LOW-LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls for both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carv*r, Mais. on grade. In most bogs this may be done with a sand bed. However, there are some deep peat bogs where the tile will have to be placed on planks and then it may get out of line. Plastic tubing appears to be an ex 'ellent and economical moans of draining cranberry bogs. Last fall some of the plastic tubing was pulled behind a mole plow in bogs above the peat and more was pulled this spring. Pulling tubing into the bog does very little dam- age to the vines in the spring or fall. Plans are now being devel- oped to mount the tubing on a trac- tor and put it in the soil as the tractor advances, similar to the method of placing telephone cable below the surface of the soil. The work so far has been with tubing with an inside diameter of one and a half inches and a wall thickness of eight hundredths of an inch. Studios will be made this Summer to see if this tubing has collapsed or failed in any other way. Some of the tubing has been used without perforation where the tube was to drain a low spot with a small dry well. Other tubes have been used with perforations about %, 3/16 or % inch in diameter and about twelve per foot. These have been put in sections of bog which needed drainage all the way be- tween the ditches. Plastic tubing seems to be the quickest, least dam- aging and most economical way for the cranberry growers to impi-ove the drainage of his bogs. At the State Bog a piece of re- built bog has been made low in the center with drainage to the ditch. Usually the center of a section causes trouble in both wet and dry seasons. Bog constructed with low centers and drainage from the cen- ter may have good drainage and at the same time it will be possible to get water to the center when it is needed. This will be a very in- teresting section to watch. Vegetable seed production in '53 totaled 186.5 million lbs., smallest crop in 10 years, says USDA Crop Reporting Board survey of 100 commercial seed growers. How- ever, vegetable men should be able to meet all their '54 planting needs because of the carryover from last year. (Market Growers Journal) Twelve Vol. 19-No. 3 ISSUE OF JULY 1954 ^*t ^^HM.CMIia01«r,„S^* WHAT IS THE OUTLOOK? I THERE will be, it now appears, two well- known cranberry brand names upon the market this fall, in both fresh fruit and canned sauce fields. Eatmor will )have fresh, as usual, plus the canned sauce, Ocean Spray processed, plus a fresh fruit pack. With the previous decision of NCA to sell fresh and now EatmorCranberries to sell processed, the rift between the two big co-ops is wide and definite, at least for the present. National will have the much larger tonnage of the two ; upon the shoulders of NCA will be the bulk of the burden to make the year's marketing suc- cessful. There is not the "one co-op" that NCA has wanted, with an expanded NCA as the one, even though NCA has greatly augmented itself, while Eatmor has dimin- ished in membership and fruit. The independents are still in the game and very much so. They lost no ground last season. It would be a wise person, at this moment who could actually be certain as to the success of this season's marketing on an industry-wide basis. There will as- suredly be competition in the marketplace. So comprehensive now is membership in NCA that its marketing progress of both fresh and canned cranberries under the really famous "Ocean Spray" trademark will be keenly watched, not only by its members, of course, but all growers. Grow- ers wonder, too, how much better the pros- pects of the slimmed-downed Eatmor organization? How do growers feel as to the future of cranberry-growing in this, another admit- tedly "crucial" year? Talk with some and the heavens are about to fall upon all hope. To others, and they are more cheer- ful than ever. Perhaps the majority are waiting, grimly, hopefully or patiently to read the final story after harvest and mar- keting, in their pay checks. In a recent report by the United States Department of Agriculture $8.3 billions, or 21 percent of the annual production potential (41 billion) of all farm products and forest growth are lost each year to insects, diseases, mechanical damage, hail, weeds and inadequate harvesting. A $2 billion loss is attributed to insects — a loss representing about 5 percent of all poten- CRANBERRIES ■ WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subftcription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Wisconsin Rapids Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey tial production. Losses due to mechanical damage, hail and weeds reduced the value of crops by $2.4 billion or some 6 percent of the potential production. We, in the cranberry industry have made much progress against these enemies, with the notable exception of hail. Weather is attributed with the greatest overall haz- ard, and even in that, with more use o± sprinklers and improving frost forecasting we are gaining on weather. Still we, and all farmers can, and will do better. Thirteen Three Massachusetts Men Going To British Columbia To Grow Cranberries Messrs. Thomas, Shaw and Holmes (left to right) studying map of Lulu Island area. Standard-Times photo) By F. B. Chandler "Go west, young man, go west" is an adage which has challenged many young men in the past and this year and in 1955 three cran- berry growers from Massachusetts will be going to the Pacific Coast. Norman Holmes, Frederick Shaw and Jam'ss Thomas with their families are moving from Carver, Massachusetts to British Columbia to grow cranberries. For a number of years these men have worked together, having bogs in common as well as indivi- dually. Mr. Holmes is also in the box business and with the Holmes and Young catering business. Mr. Shaw and Mr. Thomas have a bog service of ditch cleaning and sanding. The decision to move west came about because these growers wished to expand their cranberry acreage and hearing about the ex- perimental planting of the West- cm Peat Company on Lulu Island, they decided to investigate it further. Mr. Carneross, a director of the .Vestern Peat Company of New Westminster, British Columbia, Dawson bog'. L"'" Island. Background with weeds has been sanded; foreground, unsanded and no weeds. Photo by Shaw Fourteen visited the Cranberry Station in East Wareham in 1947 and talked with me about the culture of cranberries. The following year nine acres of McFarlin cranberries were planted. This experimental planting has been of interest to several in the east so Holmes, Shaw and Thomas were able to get some information about the planting. Then they secured in- formation from the Canadian Council about business and living conditions. What they could learn was all very favorable. They went to British Columbia this May to see the cranberry bogs. At the University of British Columbia they contacted Profes- sor Hans Fisher, the horticulturist who has done most for the cran- berry growers in the Province. Professor Fisher took them to see the bogs owned by Dawson, Warn- ken, Yardley, the Northern Peat Company and others. They saw new bog at the Northern Peat Company, some set only one year and some set two years. At Smiths' they saw bog which had never been sanded and very little weeding had been done. At Dawsons' they saw sections of bog which had been sanded, others which had not been sanded. 20 Acres Ready for Planting The trio then went to the West- ern Peat Company and went over the nine acres planted in 1948 and examined the twenty acres which are ready for planting. They found the peat was all graded and ditched. This peat was mostly from sphagnum which drains well because it is fiberous and has only a few colloids. The frost problem is not as great as it is in the United States, but at least part of the land should be protected probably with sprinklers. The insect problems have not been studied as they have in the United States, but Holmes, Shaw and Thomas found that they could get help from the University of Bri- tish Columbia which is nearby Vancouver, and fronv Professor Crowley in Long Beach, Washing- ton. At the present time Canada consumes more berries than it pi'oduces which brings a premium price. All of these factors seemed favorable and the boys decided to go to Britsh Columbia. Visited Bogs at Washington and Oregon The three men also visited the Grayland section in the state of Washington, where "Bill" Ross showed them the different pro- perties. At Long Beach Professors Crowley and Charles C. Doughty, director of Long Beach Experi- ment Station drove' "them to many of the bogs in that section. Mr. Glenn took them to Cranguyma, including the new planting there. In Bandon, Oregon, Ray Bates, Jim' Olsen and Charles St. Sure showed them how cranberries are grown in Oregon. The tentative plans ai; for Northern Peat Company bog Lulu Island, B. C. Photo by Holmes "Jim" Thomas and Mrs. Thomas to leave as soon as possible to prepare forty to sixty acres for planting next spring. Most of their acreage will be set with McFarlin vines, but a number of early varieties will be tried with a hope of finding a good producer which is earlier than McFarlin. "Norm" Holmes and "Fred" Shaw with their families will leave as soon as they can settle their business in Massachusetts, which may be in the spring of '55. Drainage— A Book Review By F. B. Chandler Professor Harry Roe and Quincy Ayres have written a text book Engineering for Agricultural Drainage which has just been pub- lished by McGraw-Hill Book Com- pany, Inc., New York. This book is very complete covering all phases of drainage. Some of the chapters are of particular interest to cranberry growers, particularly the chapter on The Soil-moisture Control Problem on Peat and Muck Lands. For this reason this book is reviewed here. "... good piactice in farm drain- age is closely allied to soil science, agronomy, horticulture, farm man- agement and economics, as well as being an absolutely essential ac- companiment of continuous and successful irrigation." Drainage is the removal of water from the sur- face and from the root zone as quickly as possible to prevent drowning of plants. Roots will not grow in water and if water lises and stands around the roots they are killed or injured. About a fourth of the land in the United States needs drainage, a quarter of this, or 50 million acres, is swamp land. Soil water is divided into three forms: hygroscopic moisture which is so strongly held by the soil par- ticles that the plants can not use it and it is called "useless water"; capillary water is the only form used by plant and is called "useful water"; gravitational water is the free or excess water which may fill all of the pores with water fore- Fifteen Ing out the air and injuring the roots and therefore is called "harm- ful water." The first and most im- portant phase of drainage is to remove the free or gravitational water from the root zone as quickly as possible to prevent injury to the roots. Roe and Ayres have a very com- plete chapter on Rainfall and Run- off which includes frequency of oc- curence of storms of given inten- sity and recurrence of intense rain- storms resulting in floods, with formulae for computing the run- off. Other chapters deal with types of surface drains, their de- sign, construction and mainten- ance, also design and construction of underdrains. A chapter is de- voted to drainage of irrigation land. In the chapter devoted to peat and muck land the authors list about 300 million acres in the United States. The surface settling of peat bogs under drainage is discussed. Types of drainage prob- lems on deep and shallow peat are well discussed, including bogs which have springs. Spacing and depth of tile drains is also pre- sented. The frost problem on peat and muck soils is treated in this section as well as cropping of peat and muck lands in relation to depth of the water table. I ft STONE & FORSYTH COMPANY 1^ Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVEREH, MASS Tel. EV 7 - 1240 - 1241 - 1242 Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers * * * REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER in stock * * * Construction Grade Redwood Spruce Fir Hardware Paints Roofing E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middleboro Rd. E. Freetown Tel. No. Roch. 75 Cambridge St. Middleboro Tel. 1123 DISEASES CAN DESTROY INSECTS Agricultural science is stepping up its search for diseases that will destroy insects. Entomologists look hopefully to this field of basic research for help on the growing problems of insect resistance and toxic residues stemming from in- creased use of insecticides. Residues would seldom be a prob- lem in control of insects by dis- ease because most insect diseases are harmless to man, animals, and plants. Furthermore, these dis- eases generally kill a single species without harming others; many in- secticides kill both pests and bene- ficial insects. Although disease is probably the least exploited of all control meth- dos, entomologists see in recent successes evidence of a promising future. It has been less than two years since an insect-disease laboratory was established at the Agricul- tural Research Center, Beltsville, Md., under the leadership of S. R. Dutky. Work there has already uncovered many insect diseases not heretofore isolated and de- scribed. Here's the plan the researchers folow in evaluating diseases of in- sects sent to the laboratory: First, a diagnosis shows if dis- ease is present. If so, it's isolated. Then, the disease is screened to find its effect on other insects. Finally, methods are developed for propagating sufficient quantities of promising diseases for large-scale testing. — Agricultural Research, USDA. Sixteen Fresh From the Fields (Continued from Page 6) growers think crop prospects are reasonably good, and some believe that Wisconsin should have about 225,000 barrels if normal conditions prevail the rest of the year. Washouts Heavy rains in central area caused several washouts, and some growers got an unintentional flood- ing, but damage was not considered serious. The warehouse of Craig Scott of Warrens, with much equipment, was destroyed in a recent fire. OREGON Five June Frosts There were five frosts in the month of June. The latest, June 28 between 3:15 and five o'clock. Temperature did not go much be- low 2. There has been an excellent supply of bees for bog pollination. There were eight days of rain dur- ing the month of June so that very little irrigation has been necessary. Fireworm for First Time For the first time in history of berry growing in southern Oregon, fireworm has been discovered on two bogs in the Bandon area and one in the Coos Bay side. Growers are warned to keep a close lookout for vine damage and consult the County Agent for advice on treat- ment. NCA NOTES The NCA cannery at Coquille has received a new coat of paint which makes the plant look neat and properous. Growers are proud of the job. At the West Coast Advisory meeting, it was the opinion of everyone that the plant managers were doing a very' good job of iron- ing out the many problems that confront them. There were very few complaints from growers. The slowness of NCA advances for the 1953; crop seems to be caus- ing considerable hardship among growers who has planned on re- turns coming in at the rate of the previous year. The $9 paid to date takes care of harvest costs and taxes, leaving little for living and bog betterments. The June advisory' meeting in the Bandon area was not held due to the West Coast meeting at Long Beach. The next meeting was at the Bandon receiving plant on July 2, after which a circular was sent to all local growers informing them of the proceedings of the advisory committee and made a report on the Long Beach meeting. Growers have expressed appreci- ation for this local news sheet be- cause it keeps them in close touch with NCA cooperative during the entire year. Black Bear While in Long Beach, Mr. and Mrs. Kranick called at the Leonard Morris bog and before going to the house they stepped over to the side of the cranberry bog to view a big black bear ambling along on the far side of the bog . . . the Morrises got out in time to see the animal ATLANTIC WATER WHITE KEROSENE Pumped directly onto bog through a spray nozzle. • STODDARD SOLVENT PETROLEUM SALES & SERVICE, INC. Hedge Road - Plymoufh, Mass. Phone Plymouth 1499 i HELICOPTER PEST OOITROL DUSTING AND SPRAYING ^l4/iqqins Hi m vns ffiru/aus NORWOOD, MASS. RAY MORSE, Agent Tel. Wareham 405-W4 Seventeen which was the first they had ever seen on their marsh. Oregon Growers Receive Bulletins Oregon growers were very glad to receive copies of the latest recommendations for frost and scald. Growers in Oregon are very grateful for the fine sprit of co- operation shown by the Washing- ton experiment station. The Southwest Oregon Cran- berry Club held a picnic at he Mar- ion Wilson bog on Sunday, June 27. Conversation generally con- cerned frost and frost control. It was generally conceded that frost was a rather tricky enemy of the cranberry grower. Even those growers who had been very con- sciencious about frost control had been damaged in various degrees. Frost is spotty . . . even on the same marsh on different nights. A few growers had been very sev- erly hurt . . . especially those with- out sprinkler systems. Those who had done a good job of sprinkling had excellent results if heavy bloom is a criterian. The A. G. Randall bog has the heaviest bloom in the history of the bog due to exceedingly careful frost protec- tion. WASHINGTON Washington Estimate Slightly Down Vines started to bloom the first of July and on the State Bog at Long Beach approximately 50 to 75 percent were in full bloom. As a whole bogs are somewhat late. Prospects for a crop appear good, this being especially true on the younger bogs. However, the crop, as compared to last year may be somewhat lighter. Estimate given at a board of directors meeting of NCA was 17-18,000 in Peninsula area, as compared to 22,000 in '53. In Grayland district estimate is also a little lower. Much will de- pend upon whether or not there is a long fall, giving berries the chance to fully inature. Frost Injury Light Frost injury was very light as to first of July, there being no freezing weather since latter part of May. It may be remembered that last year the Memoi'ial Day Eighteen frost did heavy damage, but this year there was no such serious event. Temperature range for month was max. 70; min. 35, as recorded at Long Beach Station. yma bog was 3 inches and 3Vs the preceding year. Insects Fireworni' is generally light, but, however, heavy on a few bogs which were infested last year. There are sporadic outbreaks of Lecanium scale on some bogs. Many growers will be using Mala- thion this year as a control for this. Some will use Parathion. The fungus disease known as "Rose Bloom" was heavy in spots. At the State Bog a 10-6-100 Bordeaux Mixture was used to control it. Die-Back of New Growth One or two bogs have reported a die-back of the new growth on uprights. Other bogs in Long Beach district suffered from considerable dying of uprights during the winter months. Some blocks had 70 to 80 percent uprights killed back to the two-year wood. Causes of these troubles ai-e being studied in the effort to find a control. Rainy at Long Beach June was an especially rainy month on the Long Beach Penin- sula, Washington there being a total precipitation of 5% inches, falling on 18 of the 30 days. Last year's rain as recorded at Crangu- NEW JERSEY Severe Lack of Rain Weather during June was very unfavorable for cranberries. A severe drought is causing at least as much damage as frost. As of this date (July 6), there are some cranberry bogs which have had no rain for over 45 days. The Pemberton area received only .99 of an inch of rain during June, which is S.64 inches less than normal. The cool weather during the month in a small measure mitigated the severity of the drought. Temperature averaged 69.6 °F or 2.5° cooler than normal. However, the lack of warm weath- er was counter-balanced by un- usually consistent high winds throughout the month. Blueberries are also suffering from drought damage. The adverse effect is apparent largely on the failure of berries to attain proper size. Also evident is a poor twig growth and some desiccation of foliage. In the Hammonton area, growers with irr.igation facilities are unable to take advantage of them because of dried-out water holes. Frost Loss Estimated 5% An unpredicted frost hurt a BUILDING COSTS ARE STILL UP It is extremely important that you maintain enough fire insurance to comply with co- insurance clause requirements in your policies. If uncertain, just what co-insurance means to you, check with us. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 number of scattered bogs in New Jersey on the morning of June 19. Contrary to the usual pattern, bogs near the seashore were most affected. Even there, however, certain properties were damaged while neighboring properties came through unhurt. Temperatures by growers co-operating in the frost warning plan ranged between 23° and 32°. Most of the known damage occurred where minimum temperatures were between 27° and 29°. Open flowers were not hurt as much as unopened flowers, which favored those bogs which had been drawn early. Set berries were g e n e r al 1 y not damaged. Although estimating the loss is probably an "impossible" job, it appears from reports received so far that the damage to the State crop would be within 5%. WATCH YOUR PROFITS GROW Massachusetts Grower Plants on Peat -,«'"'"«' •% With the theoiy that, "I think hot sand seems to burn new-planted vines, Wayne Maki of Carver, Massachusetts, is trying an experi- PORTABLE ment of planting vines in peat, IRRIGATION without first spreading sand. He has about an acre and a half so set out, these being Early Blacks. C. MORRIS WILLIAMS xhe last of these were planted in Hatchville Road May and he does not intend to sand North Falmouth, Mass. until next fall. CHARLES REED The cuttings were broadcast and School St. then machine-planted, loose vines Seekonk, Mass. being raked up. These plantings ■vTrrMK «;7pa-ny 1 ^^"^ °" "^"^ ^°s ^^'^^^ ^^ ^^ ^^^""'*- 3905 E. Broadway, Tampa, Fia. j ing. There are Several of the sec- SEND Mc FREE LITERATURE. ^ ^:^^^. ^^^^^ ^g^.g rototilled twice, ^'^'^^ - - I the old bog surface being all ADDRESS I "churned up." Most of the new SUy-^ :_:'::" I vines are on peat bottom, but there is some mud along the shoi'e sides. M.'aki has aliout ("iCtpen ;icres of bog in bearmg, on which he does practically all the upkeep himself, using at times equipment of his own designing. His vine setter was revamped to suit his ideas. He, from some past experience, is inclined to believe that his vines set in raw peat, as he has done, and then sanded much later, do bet- ter than the conventional Massa- chusetts method of putting the vines down in sand. Planting directly on peat and sanding later, is not uncommon practice in New Jersey and Wis- consin, and in the latter sometimes sand is never spread. W.R.AMES COMPANY TAMPA. FLA • SAN'TRANCISCO. CALIF' People fail because they want to (Id things they can't, instead of do- ing things they have ability for. Nineteen New Ocean Spray Freezer at Onset, Mass. Nears Completi' ^n New freezer of NCA (shown here near completion) on Routes 6 and 28 at Onset, adjactnt to the Ocean Spray cannery there, will be the site of fried chicken and cranberry sauce lunch for National mem- bers at the annual meeting August 24th. Business session will be held in the plant, as in the past. The freezer, which will have a capacity of 60,000 barrels will be ready for use by September first, and President M. L. Urann says it will be one of the finest of freezers in Massachusetts or all New England. Annual meeting is set officially for a week prece( ing, August 17th, but as Mr. Urann expects to be in the West at that time, there will be a fornral vote taken at that time to postpone it until the 24th, it is anticipated. BRIGGS SCREENHOUSE DESTROYED IN MASS. A screenhouse, owned by George Briggs, prominent Massachusetts grower at Indian Brook, Plymouth, was totally destroyed by fire on July 4th at 2 a. m. Structure had been burned nearly to the ground when Plymouth firemen arrived af- ter a 12-mile run. The building was valued at S4,400, and in addition in it were stored several bog pumps, motors, pi?king machines and a good deal of other equipment. Fire was re- ported to be incendiary. Warnken is a small cranberry grower who also grows blueberries. There are now a number of blueberry growers in Bj C, many of them with small acreage. Phnio Iiy Miilnifs Smith bog in B. C. set thirty years ago. This bog has not been sanded and has had only little weeding. The cranberries have spread outside the area set so Smith now haivests more land than he phintcd. Pholn by Holmes Twenty ELECTRICITY Works For You With The Throw Of A Switch It Is clean, Efficient — Releases Men For Other Bog Work. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM TEL 200 PLYMOUTH TEL. 1300 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries Shur-Raiw 400 CouplM Your SHUR- RANE Dealer FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater RmI >«' Relwy ln»w Thrawar Phono E. B. 8-2761 Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 161 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. lUI WAtmNQTON RUST iren NSWTON «. tUM. Quality Cranberries FRESH or CAN Look For The EATMOR CRANBERRY MAN! EATMOR CRANBERRIES, Inc. MIDDLEBORO, MASS. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY lAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON SUMMER THUNDERSTORMS often bring- dreaded hail to bogs. (CRANBERRIES Phot( 30 Cents AUGUST 1954 SERVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard E ectric Company Oflfices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES E"xpert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. Hall & Cole Established 1S48 Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Wareham Savings Bank and FaBmouth Brancli Welcome Savings Accounis Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes lo Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT PUMPS DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The Nationa Be Conveniently locat 5n< of Wareham ;d for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses. Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 Funds always avai able for sound loans Complete Bi inking Service ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES Member Federal D [■posit Insurance Curp. DIRECTORY FOR CI^NBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR ' INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR B-6100, B-6101 Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVILLE RABLROAD Soutli Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood • • PATRONIZE CRANBERRIES ADVERTISERS • • WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters iili^* Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Send A Copy To Your Friends . . . WITHOUT CHARGE Please send a free copy of CRANBERRIES with my compliments to the persons listed below : [] If possible send the May, 1954 issue. To Address . City .... _ State _ To Address City .... ..State.. Sender ,, Address One >IRECTORY FOR CR,\NBE1^RY GROWEk BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. HAYDEN SEPARATOR WAREHAM, MASS. CRANBERRY SPECIALIST for SHOR RANE PIP PERMANENT & MOVABLE Installations for FROST and IRRIGATION CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J. &J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 JERSEY GROWERS LOOK AHEAD TO BIGGER 'YIELDS New Jersey's .ranberry growers are looking ahead to the biggest crops in history thanks to the efforts of a Rutgers scientist and millions of busy bees. Research findings by Robert S. Filmer, entomologist at the State University Agricultural Experi- ment Station, have shown the way for cranberry growers to double their yields and to aim untimately for 100 barrels an acre-nearly se- ven times higher than last year's $1,733,000 crop. Professor Filmer has done the heavy thinking. Now the bees have been doing the heavy work. In his continuing study of the state's cranberry situation over a number of years, he determined that New Jersey growers needed additional honeybees to pollinate the cranberry flowers for maxi- mum results. Three experiments in the summer of 1953 proved his point. The tests showed that where one colony of bees was used for each acre instead of one every two a:res as had been the New Jersey custom, cranberry yields were in- creased from 5 to 42 barrels an acre. This is a most significant in- crease when you consider nation- wide cranberry statistics. Though its total production is third, behind Massachusetts and Wisconsin, New Jersey's per-acre yield has lagged considerably. In 1952, for instance, Wisconsin's yield was 54.3 barrels an acre and Massachusetts' was 27.8. The New Jersey figure was only 16.3. Now the Jersey crop is expected to climb above 20 for the first time in the industry's recorded history, which goes back before the turn of the century. And cranberry growers can look for even greater yields in the near future. All they have to do, says Professor Filmer, is keep the bogs in shape and employ the proper number of honeybees. This latter responsability is really no problem at all, according to the Rutgers scientist. He refer- red to a recent State Department of Agriculture bulletin which claims "rackage bees are now the thing". The article stated that packages of bees are sold in a variety of sizes and combinations - - with or without a queen — and are complete with directions for installing in the hive. What do the bees think of all this ? They enjoy "hiring out" to the ci-anberry growers says the professor. The nectar and pollen which they transport to set the cranberry flowers constitute the bees' favorite dish. And while working over a bog a colony of bees — some 30 to 50,000 — also acquires a good-sized stone of this food to cary them through the winter. Professor Filmer explained that insect pollination is required for cranberries because the polen is too sticky to be wind blown as is the case in many plants and flowers. He said the low bee-to-acre r:.tio that has existed in New Jer- sey is du3 in part to the policy of many growers to depend on wild bees for pollination. But the wild bee population in most farmed areas has all but vanished because of controlled burning practiced by foresters and agriculturists. Professor Filmer has a final v/ord of warning for amateurs renting or buying bee colonies for cranberry pollination or any other reason. Make sure you transport them two, or bette still three, miles or they will return to their former location and die out, he cautions. — Rutegers News Service. ALMOST "CRANBOREE" TIME Wisconsin's now-famed annual "Cranboree" is to be held at Wis- consin Rapids, September 17, 18, and 19th. Thousands have been drawn the past few years to this a.f^'air which is becoming known as the "Mardi Gras of the North." This summer of 1954 is bringing unusual weather to the Massachu- setts cranberry district, particu- larly August. Much more hail than normal. A severe storm in the Plymouth area on August 11th, brought the estimate of total dam- age to 10,000 barrels; possibly more. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Weather, labor, and the size of our crop are the common subjects of conversation as we near the harvest season. A few bogs were si.owing evidence! of drought injury in mid-July but showers occurred July 22 and 23 and relieved the problem. We have been fortunate that water suplies in general have been adequate for irigation pur- poses. As usual it was the high edges and the middle of the larger sections of bogs that first showed dry weather injury. Portable and so jied permanent irrigation equipment have been used to advantage during July. Several growers have irigated their pro- perties using the "flash flood" techinique. While there are hazards involved using this practice, such as the possibility of increasing fruit rots and injuring the small berries, it is one of the gambles that has to be taken on some bogs when they are "burning up" from lack of moisture. Ditch irrigation is s...^! the comon method of keep- ing a bog moist but leaves a lot to be desired. Too often we wait until the bogs are almost com- pletely dried out before raising the water in the ditches. As a result it is practically impossible to wet other than a small area adjacent to the ditches. "Joe" Kelley has 0,'ten remarked that in his opinion bogs should be run wet when it is dry and dry when it is wet. There is considerable food for thought in his statement. Insects Normal Insect activity has been about normal as we write this (July 26). However, fruitworms have been less troublesome than usual. We rather expected more activity from this pest in view of changing water management practices plus milder winters. In any event, decreased activity from this important pest is a wel- come relief. Of course, it is always possible to experience some delayed action in early August. Before leaving the subject of insects, we suggest that grub-flowed bogs be checked for cutworms ten to twelve days after the grub flow has been removed. This pest can cause con- siderable damage if neglected. The Cranberry Labor Committee met in early July to discuss their harvest labor requirements. After reviewing the situation with re- presentatives from the Massachu- setts Division of Employment Se- curity and with growers, it was decided that no imported labor program would be needed this fall Local harvest labor shoul'' ' quate to meet o- ■ • according to the above representa- tives. They will open branch of- fices in the cranberry area in early September to recruit and place harvest workers. This is a splendid service and one that growers greatly apreciate. Summer Weed Control Dr. Cross has some timely tips on summer weed control. He sug- gests that once or twice a year growers drag a hook or potato digger completely around their shore ditches. The purpose is to discover and pull out runners of the bramble, poison ivy and morn- ing glory before they cross the ditches and anchor themselves on the bog. The thin areas of bog are already producing corn grass, pitch forks and fire weeds. These weeds should be checked now in order to prevent them from going to seed. Ditch weeds can be con- trolled very! effectively at this time of season using the materials as recommendend on the weed chart. Annual Meeting The 67th Annual Meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers As- sociation ^' ' ^e held Tu' 'aT This is a picture of the 1954 WESTERN PICKER. This new, much improved picker will pick high or low vines the first year. - 1,. 1, ,^^y Qj, rough program has been arranged. C. D. Stevens will give his crop esti- mate which is always a highlight at this particular meeting. There will be a chicken-cranberry bar- beque served at noon. President Fi-ank Crandon announces that all cranberry growers and their fami- lies are cordially invited to attend this annual meeting of their Asso- ciation. Growers have received their crop reporting blanks from C. D. Ste- vens' office in Boston. We sincerely hope that they will have filled out these reports and returned them promptly to Mr. Stevens' office. We are all aware of the importance of accurate crop estimates and a good response on the part of the growers will insure our marketing agencies of a reliable crop estimate as we enter the harvest season. McGREWS BUY HOUSE NEAR HANSON E. C. McGrew, fresh fi'uit sales manager of NCA, and Mrs. Mc- Grew, have pui'chased a house at Whitman, Mass., and have moved from New Bedford, where Mr. McGrew was formerly at the Eat- mor Cranberries, Inc., office. The new home of the McGrews is about five miles from the main NCA office at Hanson. Call or Write LOUIS SHERMAN 7 Cushman St. Plymouth, Mass. Phone 1454 for appointment to show you the new 1954 WESTERN PICKER with all the improvements. This is the year to start saving (cutting your harvesting cost in half) by using WESTERN PICKER ISSUE OF AUGUST, 1S54.VOL. IB NO. 4 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscribtion, $3.00 per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS Rainfall Off Although July lacked in rainfall, by approximately half the normal 3.21 inches, precipitation as re- corded at the Experiment Station, East Wareham being 1.70, it was well distributed, falling! on 12 days. There was also a good, drenching rain, averaging an inch or more over the entire Massachusetts cranberry areas, August '3rd which was "a real life saver." There had been little rain for this area for the previous 10 days. This was partic- ularly needed in lower Plymouth and Barnstable counties. July Was Cooler The month of July was coolest (Boston Weather Bureau) in eight years, the average being close to 71.6 degrees or 0.6 below normal. This is in sharp contrast to the summer months of recent years which have averaged well above the normal. There were also a lot of cloudy days, although the sun- shine factor, which is not import- ant in the current production, was adequate. Some Hail Loss Hail occurred on July 23 in an area limited chieflyg to South Mid- dleboro and Rochester, possibly 45 acres being damaged some from 50 percent to total, or almost. An estimated 2,000 barrels were lost. There was also hail July 25th in the Plymouth, Manomet Sandwich district, doing some injury. Quality Called Better All these conditions, (execpt the hail, of course) have contributed to improving the quality of the fruit of this fall in the opinion of Dr. G. E. Cross. He would now es- timate keeping quality as from fair to godo, possibly more good than fair. The coolness of the weather and the relatively little rainfall were the improving factors. Weevil on Rampage Weevil seems to be on a ram- page this summer, and is posing quite a serious threat, which is be- ing treated with DDT and other controls. Fruitworm appears to be light to moderate, at least so far. The season has not, up to first of August been bad from the insect point of view. TOTAL 1954 CROP SLIGHTLY UNDER MILLION? First official estimate of 1954 crop will be released by C. D. Stev- ens, New England Crop Reporting staticitian Tuesday, August 17 at Cape growers' meeting, but re- quested for a final opinion. Dr. C. E. Cross, director Mass. Experi- ment Station, now does not be- lieve the harvest will equal a mil- lion barrels. But, he still doesn't think the total will be much below this. Massachusetts will have slightly under 600,000 barrels which he had expected before, New Jersey, due to the drought and other causes is now placed at "no more than 80,000." Wisconsin 200-225,000, West Coast about 75-80,000. Of significance, is the fact that Dr. Cross considers Massachusetts fruit improved in keeping quality over the past two months. "G u e s s i m a t e s" from other sources have placed the crop to as low as 850,000 to 950,000. Late water Howes in Mass. are a big question. NEW JERSEY ^^^■"■^^^^^"""^■-^^ Drought Causing Bad Hurt Hot, dry blasts of air passed al- most continuously over cranberry vines in New Jersey throughout the month of July. And the rains did not come (although often prom- ised). As a result, cranberry grow- ers have suffered a very consider- able loss of the 1954 crop potential. Drought damage is readilly observ- able on most bogs in the form of blasted blossoms and small berries and in desiccated vines. Not the least of the setback has been the almost complete drying out of many reservoirs. Very few growers had water to irrigate by the Massachu- setts' "flash flood" technique. Statistics "Lie" Statistics can be awful liars. Our weather data for July at the Pemberton laboratory, lumped to- gether, say that July was actually cooler than normal and that as much as 42 percent of the normal amount of rainfall occurred. The average temperature was 73.8°F. compared to the normal of 76 °F.; 1.77 inches of rain fell, which is somewhat short of the 4.22 normal amount. Actually there were 15 torrid days during July in which the thermometer went above 90 °F., with a maximum of 101 °F. on the 14th. The sun shone almost con- stantly and hot, dry winds were unusually prevalent; this caused even greater dryness than 42 per- cent of normal rainfall would indicate. Accumulated Lack of Rain For critical cranberry growing period of June and July we have received an accumulated total of only 2.78 inches of rain. This is only about 31 percent of the normal amount, or about 6.08 inches de- ficient. Since the 21st of May, our last really good rain this year, nine consecutive weeks of insufficient precipitation occurred. The aver- ( Continued on Page 14) Five Cape Growers to Hear Under-Secretary of Agriculture TRUE D. MORSE Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association for its 67th annual meeting Tuesday, Aug. 17th is to be honored by having as its prin- cipal speaker True D. Morse, un- dersecretary of agriculture. Mr. Morse will talk on "The Solid Fu- ture for Agriculture." The talk will be interesting not only to growers but the general public. Invitations have also been ex- tended to "Joe" Martin, of Attle- boro. Speaker of the House; Con- gressman D. W. Nicholson, State Rep. A. H. Worrall, both of Ware- ham, State Senator Edward C. Stone of Oyster Harbor and others. Dean Dale H. Selling of the School of Agriculture and Horticul- Six ture, University of Massachusetts will be present, other members of the University, and of Massachu- setts State Department of Agricul- ture. President Frank A. Crandon, Acushnet, who induced Mr. Morse to be the guest of the cranberry growers, will preside and introduce him. Meeting, as usual, will be at the Experiment Station, East Ware- ham, off routes 6 and 28, opening at 10 a. m., with a brief business meeting. This will include election of officers for the coming year. From 11 until 12 noon growers will have the opportunity to see the new 1954 Western Picker and the Tom Darlington picker, now being manufactured by Hayden Mfg. Company of Wareham, plus other cranberry equipment. A half hour from 11 to 11:30 has been set aside for members of press and radio to privately inter- view the nationally-known figure. Mr. Morse will speak at 2 o'clock in the forenoon. At noon sharp, a chicken and bar- becue dinner is to be served, cater- pr being Eddie Assack of West Bridgewater. Service will be guar- anteed only to those making ad- vance reservation. Dr. C. E. Cross, director of the East Wareham Experiment Sta- tion will appear on the program. As always a feature of this an- nual gathering will be the first of- ficial estimate of the 1954 harvest, this being given as has been the •custom for many years by C. D. Stevens. Boston statistician. New England Crop Reporting Service, USDA. Mr. Morse was born on a farm at Carthage, Mo., being graduated from the University of Missouri, where he received honors. From 1925 to 1953 he was with the Doane Agricultural Service, Inc., St. Louis, Mo„ and its president from 1943 to '52 .He was editor of the Doane Agricultural Digest since its ovio'in in 1938, a twice-a-month fa7-m management and business guide in this country and abroad. Prior to 1925 Mr. Morse was an p"r,nnmist with the University of Missouri and farmed for about five vpivs before entering the univer- sity. He served as president of the American Society of Farm Man- aoovs and Rural Appraisers in 1041 s-nd is one of the originators p-p the American Rural Appraisal Si'stem. He is a member of the Missoui'i Bar. Other positions the Under-Sec- retary has held or holds include: '•ice "resident of the American Farm Economics Association; di- rector of Mutual Savings Life In- surance Company, director of Foundation for American Agricul- ture; trustee and executive secre- tary of the Agricultural Institute; trustee and secretary of the Na- tional Council for Community Im- provement and a faculty member of the School of Banking at the University of Wisconsin. He was head of United States Delegation to International Wheat Conference in 1953; International Sugar Conference, London, 1953. He is a member of the Advisoi'y Board of Economic Growth and Stability and president of the Commodity Credit Corporation. He is a member of the Christian Church and has sei-ved as president of his church in St. Louis; he is a trustee of the International Bible College. LOUIS SHERMAN IS BECOMING "JALOPY KING" IN MASSACHUSETTS Uses Converted Old Cars in Sanding and Now For Fertiliz- ing and Carrying Off Berries in Fall. Louis Sherman of Plymouth, Massachusetts, who has about 50 acres of cranberry bogs on Pond Street in adjacent Carver would seem to be the undisputed "jalopy king" of Massachusetts. That is, in the use of ancient, converted and rebuilt automobiles to cranberry work. Considerable of his 50 acres was in rundown condition when he pur- chased it a few years ago. He has restoi-ed much and brought this into good bearing by heavy sanding — by jalopy, of course — Model A Fords converted into trucks, which he rode out onto the bog on planking. Now he is spreading fertilizer by jalopys and also uses these self-contrived vehicles to bring in his harvested berries in the fall. Here is his story in his own words. "In the fall of 1952, I had two men wheeling off cranberries for three Western Picking machines, and a greater portion of the time they would have to work from ten minutes to half an hour overtime to get all the berries off the bog. No More Harvest Wheelbarrows "One of the men kept complain- ing that it was hard work and there should be an engine on the wheelbarrows. That got me think- ing, and by the end of cranberry picking time I had an idea and told the men that next year there would be no more wheelbarrows. I would have a special truck for the job. "I went to a junk yard and bought an American Austin which had no engine or transmission. I used a Willys transmission and a GMC driveshaft, and, for power, a six H. P. Briggs & Stratton en- gine from my dusting machine on which was installed a three V-belt industrial four-inch slip clutch. On the transmission, there is a triple 14" pulley. We changed the steer- ing wheel from the left to the riglt- side, as when picking with the Western Picker, we pick clock-wise around the sections. This makes it handy for the operators to pick up the bags of cranberries. "I used round steel plates at- tached to brake drums onto which is fastened the studs for my wheels, model A Ford wheels in front with 5.00 19 tires and V-8 Ford wheels on the rear with 7.60x16. All tires are smooth to eliminate vine injury. For the body, a 4 ft. by L BEST WISHES-NOW This message, perhaps, is an unorthodox time to send you our best wishes, however, we do — "May you all have a good, sound crop of Cape Cod Cranberries that will sell well from coast to coast." Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 Seven «iint and there is a 2 ft by 3 ft. body in front with the operator's seat installed over where the running board is normally. The original plan was to carry five bags in front and about twenty in back. Most of the time, the operator would put on between 40 and 45 bags, nine in front and the rest in back. No Vine Injury "Many cranberry growers who saw it in use last fall said "wait and see the vine injury". To date, the vines show no injury and I think it is by not going over the same track more than once, and when there are cross ditches the plank was moved every three or four trips. Also, the wide tires in rear with low air pressure and the slip clutch helped, as it never spun the wheels. "Last year I used four Western Pickers with 200 bags and this lit- tle truck, requiring only one man as operator, kept up with the pick- ing machine. At the end of the day when the last picker was go- ing off the bog, so was the last of the bags of cranberries. Without this truck, I would have had to have three men wheeling oflf. "There were two of my sanding jalopies (with a 6 ft. by 6 ft ply- wood for floor) in use, shutteling back and forth from the bog to my packing-house, where the bags were emptied in a blower and the ber- ries stacked in boxes. Top picture shows WESTERN PICKERS lined up on bog ready to go to work. Bottom: Result of a picking neai'ly obscure Jalopie driver. Eight SHARON BOX COMPANY, Inc. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones— Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding These photos show the "jalopie" fertilizing method as employed on the bog of Mr. Sherman. Details of the machine may be seen in these front and rear views. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Less Than $1.00 Per Barrel "Last year, I picked my bogs, carted my berries off, trucked them to the packing house, boxed and stacked the berries, the bogs were pi-uned at the time they were pick- ed by the picking machines, prun- ings taken off the bog; in fact all my fall work was done for less than one dollar per barrel. With machines was the only way this could be accomplished. "This spring I had a 13 Vz ft. fer- tilizer spreader made by the Hay- den Separator Co. for my little tru^k and that also was a real labor saver. Two men (one driving and the other refilling) one morn- ing put on 22 bags of fertilizer in 1% hours. Normally, it takes us about two weeks to put on our fer- tilizer by two men, this year this job was done in about two days. "We are now experimenting with a Buffalo Turbine mist sprayer and dust blower for spraying insecti- cides and fungicides on our bogs, and it looks very promising. It puts on the insecticides very even- ly, without doing any damage to our vines, as we can blow out about 200 ft. from shore. If this works out the way I think it will, we will have a road across the larger pieces and will be able to do them completely in very little time. "All industries and most other types of farming are using ma- chines to great advantage. Why not do the same in growing cran- berries ? "With bog labor getting scarce and the prices of berries going down, we must lower costs of pro- duction through mechanization." Mr. Sherman is clerk and treas- urer of Cape Cod Cranberry Co- operative, Inc., of Plymouth. The man who makes hay while the sun shines won't have to lift an umbrella when it rains. There's no way to tell how big a man is until you know where his influence is going to stop. Nine Determining Irrigation Needs With Tensiometers By: ARTHUR G. PETERSON Extension Specialist, Soils, College of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin. (Editor's Note: The following article from "The Badger Common 'Tater" is reprinted through the suggestion of Dr. F. B. Chandler of Massachusetts Cranberry Ex- periment Station, as being of importance to cranberry growers. In the reading of it, such questions as the following might arise: Q. How important is the tensio- meter in controlling water in cran- berry bogs? A. The tensiometer is as important in moisture con- trol as the thermometer is in tem- perature control. Q. This article refers to an increased yield of potatoes with improved water management — would this be true with cranber- ries ? A. Yes, water management has more to do with cranberry yield than any other management problem. Q. Would over irrigating waste water and fertilizer on cranberry bogs ? A. With the present drain- age in cranberry bogs neither water or fertilizer would be lost in any appreciable quantity. How- ever, excessive irrigation may cause root damage. Each year more potato growers are finding that it pays to have an irrigation system for a supple- mental water supply and within the last generation revolutionary improvements have been made in irrigation equipment. However, these advances have been primarily concerned with attaining more eco- nomical delivery of water to the surface of the ground and do little to solve the problem of control- ling the underground moisture in the root zone. This is the moisture that determines the yield and the profits for the grower, but it must be measured before it can be con- trolled. Until recently little had been accomplished since the days of the Ancient Egyptians in measuring soil moisture. The rod or probe is still commonly used and this gives some idea of moisture penetration Tea but no indication as to when the next irrigation should take place. Soil tubes, soil augers, and the growers experience are used in many cases, but these methods are often of doubtful value. At best they are periodic checks and do not give a continuous record of the rapid fluctuations -n soil moisture. This is especially true in hot dry weather, and will depend on the type of soil, and the rate of evaporation and transpiration. To obtain maximum yelds of high quality potatoes, we need in addition to all of our best cultural practices, a satisfactory moisture supply. When we see evidence of a lack of moisture in our potatoes by a wilting of the leaves we must remember that by this time some stunting effect on the growth of the plant has probably already occurred. The major problem is to know when and how m'uch to irrigate. Inadequate moisture due to delay- ed iiTig'ations or poor penetration stunts plants. The plants get all nutrients as well as moisture through solution, thus no moisture means no food. However, too much moisture is also not economical since the water will be wasted and some plant nutrients will leach out of the soil. When to irrigate is the big question. It must always be done before all of the available soil water is exhausted, and usually the irrigation must start some time before this point is reached espe- cially since it takes several days to cover some of the larger fields. The available water present in the soil will depend upon the rate of transpiration, evaporation, age and water requirements of the potatoes, type of soil, rainfall, temperature, humidity, and wind. An instru- ment like the tensiometer by indi- eating the dryness -vf the soil is able to measure the effect of all of these factors on the available soil water. How much to irrigate is almost as important as when to irrigate. When we are watering a potted plant we simply put on enough water until the water appears at the drain hole. We know that drainage is assured and that the soil will be as field capacity. Under field conditions it is not quite this simple but a good thumb rule to follow is to limit irrigation to approxmately one inch per applica- tion for light, sandy soils, and not over one and one-half inches per applications on silt loam soils. In order to understand how the plant or any measuring device must woi'k in order to determine the moisture supply in the soil we must realize how the soil holds the water. In other words, just what is the water holding capacity of a soil? The soil actually holds water from these small spaces; but as the soil becomes drier, it holds the water until its suction or water in the small spaces between the soil particles. Plants draw the drawing power is at least equal to the soil's holding power. A soil with relatively small soil j; arti- cles (such as a slit or clay soil) will have many more of these small particles per cubic foot than will a soil with relatively lar^-e particles (such as a sandy soil). Thus the silt or clay soil will have more of these little water storage reservoirs per cubic foot than will the sandy soil, and therefore has a greater water holding capacity than the sandy soil. In order to determine the amount of water that the plant can draw from any soil we m'ust be able to measure the soil's water holding power. Instruments called tensiometers have successfully been used for this purpose. A tensiometer is a small water filled tube with a porous clay cup on the end which is placed under the hill. The other end is equipped with a vacuum gauge, which measures the suction of a soil for water. By measuring a soil's water holding power, a tensiometer's vacuum gauge indicates the dry- ness of the soil and the amount of water which could be withdrawn by plants. Tensiometers (sold under several trade names such as Irrometer, etc.) are available at relatively low cost and provide the grower with a relatively accurate means of determining when the irrigation water should be applied. The ten- siometers should be installed in the field so that the porous cup rests about two or three inches below the seed piece of sandy soil, and about 8" below the seed place on silt loam soils. When installed in the row, cultivation doesn't disturb them and once installed the tensio- meter should remain in the same place during the entire growini^' season. The vacuum gauge on the tensio- meter indicates the tension oi' pul) of the soil moisture and is cali- brate in units of ten from zero uo 100. A reading of 100 indicates C. & L Equipment Co. ^MMtf^. It's built for the job and therefore does that job efficiently and economically the way you want it. If you want to thin your vines, it does it and does it right. If you want to cut runners, and only runners, it does it and does it right. These machines can be rented, you using your own operator, or the C & L Company will do the work. THE C&L EQUIPMENT COMPANY For further information contact either — F. p. CRANDON 1191 Main Street Tel. Rochester 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Tel. New Bedford 3-4332 Eleven one atmosphere tension alld the soil would be extremely dry. When the gauge reads zero no tension is being exerted and the soil is wet. Follownig irrigation or a rain, the gauge reads zero, and as the soil dries out beneath the growing plant, a tension or pull is exerted by the plant roots in order to obtain this water. This tension is registered on the vacuum gauge of the tensiometer. As the soil dries out the tension increases, and on sandy soils when the gauge reads between 30 and 35 (.30 to .35 atmosphere tension) about one inch of water should be applied. Silt loam soils have a larger water holding- capacity and thus the reading can be allowed to reach about 60 before an inch and one- half of water should be applied. After each irrigation, the gauge will drop back to zero indicating a wet soil condition. Three tensio- m'eters will be the minimum need- ed for each field with uniform soil type, and which have received similar cultural practices. The grower should irrigate according to the readings shown on the two gauges which are in the closest agreement. Tensiometers have been used in irrigation studies at the Hancock Branch Experiment Station for a number of years and the results have shown the importance of ir- rigation on sandy soils. In 1952, plots of Russet Burbank potatoes that were irrigated according to the methods described previously, yielded sixty per cent more po- tatoes than the non-irrigated plots. More important than the total yeld increase was the fact that when the potatoes were graded out, the irrigated plots yielded about twice as many good-type, U. S. No. 1 tubers compared to the non-irrigat- ed plots. Before you buy an irrigation system for your crops, he sure that you have built up soil fertility enough so that you are getting the highest possible yields without added water. Just because dry weather often lowers ci'op yield doesn't mean that irrigation alone can assure bumper crops. OCEAN SPRAY NAMES ASSISTANT TO FRESH FRUIT Perley B. Merry of Marion, Mass., has been named assistant to the Sales Manager of Ocean Spray's new fresh fruit produce department. He was formerly a merchandising executive for Van Heusen Shirt Company in New York. Experienced in sales, mer- chandising and advertising, Mr. Merry also brings to his new posi- tion a grower's interest in the suc- cessful marketing of the cranberry crop. He has 20 acres of cranbei-ry hog in Rochester, built by his late father, Bion C. Merry, who served as superintendent of schools in Wareham for many years. Mr. Merry has since extended the acre- age and is now averaging 50 bar- rels an acre. He has long studied the cooperative programs of cran- berry merchandising and brings his knowledge and experien'je to help guide Ocean Spray's first full fledged selling campaign for fresh cranberries. Mr. Merry will be assistant to E. Clyde McGrew, Sales Manager, of Whitman. Both men will work out of headquarters in Hanson, Mass. Many a man pushes to the front by going back on his friends. ^ Protects Cranguyma! Protection\^r from Frost and Drought at Cranguyma Forms, oPREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as approcved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning departmenris at your service. Consult us today without obligation. VnUi ^_ SrriiUit Irriiitlii iMltlillii NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES, 1633 WEST LAKE ST., PfORIA i, Twelve ISSUE OF AUGUST 1954 Vol. 19-No. 4 0^5^^ A REAL ADMINISTRATOR CAPE Cod Cranberry Growers' Associ- ation scored a considerable triumph for the industry in obtaining True D. Morse, U. S. Under-Secretary of Agriculture as its speaker for the annual meeting August 17. Cranberry growing is comparatively small in the nation's agricultural, while Mr. Morse, and his superior, Ezra Taft Benson, bulk exceedingly large in the agricultural picture. We believe Mr. Morse will give cran- berry growers and the general public an interesting and instructive talk, leavnig something for them to think about. "The Solid Future for Agriculture," his topic, sounds as if t would contain real meat. We had the pleasure of once hearing Mr. Benson speak, and Mr. Morse has earned a reputation as a lecturer. However, it is not "fine" lecturing or mere oratory which we need from our top public officials. What we need is straight talking and clear thinking. And we believe this is what we get from the office of the cabinet member representing agriculture. As we all know agriculture is the real foundation of a nation — people must eat. There have been tremendous ills in our program inherited from the previous ad- ministration. Silly surpluses! We belieye our present administrators intends to get back on a foundation based on realism — and will do so. A SCIENTIST'S MISTAKE WE didn't know this until we just read it in latest issue of "Research in Re- view," publication of the Massachusetts Agricultural Station, University of Massa- chusetts. But, one of the great entomologi- cal mistakes was made in Massachusetts. That was back in 1869 when the Gypsy Moth was allowed to escape, after having been imported for the purpose of improving silk production. Odd irony of this unfor- tunate scientific adventure that backfired was that no silk was ever produced. Since 1900 the insect pest is estimated to have cost the Commonwealth, $55,000,000 in direct expenditures as well as other dam- ages. Cranberry growers are particularly among those who have had cause to regret this experiment which went awry. Eradication of the Gypsy Moth has taken great strides in recent years, and to CRANBERRIES - WAREHAAfT. MASSACHUSETTS SubBcription $3.00 per year Advertisinfr rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Wisconsin Rapids Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey get rid of the pest entirely would be a sci- entific triumph that would compensate for the great faux pas, made by one entomolo- gist long, ago, the Review concludes. From this same publication we also learn there are 6500 insects in the United States which are considered public enemies. Their annual damage is estimated at four bililon dollars, and would keep a million men workng each year. There is considered to be a total of 85,000* insects of all kinds in the U. S. The war between man and insect, con- tending for the same needs at the same time is an old, old story. So far, in spite of improved and new pesticide materials and techniques in controlling insect life, the pests are so proiific and adaptable that they continue to constitute an ever-present menace. Thirteen WISCONSIN Southern >larshes Damaged by Rains The southern marshes received a severe, drenching rain on July 6. From three to four inches of rain fell in a few hours. Several mars:-.es in the Mather area were hit by hail but damage was light. Rainfall during the first ten days ^1 July amounted to 10-12 inches in the southern marshes. Flood conditions prevailed in some areas although no reservoirs were lost. A small acreage was flooded resulting in loss of crop. The heavy rain of July 6th hurt the set materially on those marshes in full bloom at that time and especially the bumble bees. The northern marshes did not receive the heavy rainfall. Northern Marshes Hit by Frost The Three Lakes and Manitow- ish areas were hit by a killing frost the night of July 21. Tem- peratures as low as 28 and 29 degrees were recorded. No frost warning was issued for that area and those marshes not protected suffered considerable darrrage. Small berries were frozen and tips were curled. Loss is estimated at about 2,000 barrels spread over four marshes. This is the first major killing frost ever recorded in Wisconsin at this date. Late July Dry Even with the heavy rainfall the first part of July, abnormal drying conditions prevailed in Wisconsin the latter half of July. Considerable irrigation was done. Water supplies are still adequate but rainfall is badly needed. Crop Smaller, but Quality Up The ..crop ..prospects ..still ..look ftivorable in Wisconsin, although the crop will be down from last year's record breaker. However, the size and keeping quality should be above normal. The first crop estimate will be given at the Wisconsin State Cranberry Grow- ers' Association meeting, which is to be held at the Central Cran- berry Company marsh, Cranmoor on August 14. Fresh From the Fields (Continued from Page 5) age rain during this period was only .20 of an inch per week as com- pared to the estimated 1 inch per week required for good cranberry growth. Blueberry Crop Suffers The blueberry crop of New Jer- sey has also suffered a serious loss from the drought. In many cases third pickings and in some cases even second pickings of berries were prevented because of the shriveling of fruit. Foliage "burn- ing" is severe in some areas. This "burning" occurred even in irri- gated fields during extremely hot days in which hot winds blew. It is feared by many that in 1955 crop has been hurt by this sum- mer's extreme conditions. luuiiiaN wiuuL C^AHBERRiiTS CRANBERRY GROWERS, Inc. Mead-Witter BIdg. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin H. J. Gebhardt 76, pioneer Wis- consin cranberry grower of Black ONE-WAY LOW -LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT - LINE PUMP This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls for both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN see GOLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-1 f North Carver, Mast. Fourteen River Falls, Wisconsin died July 27 of a heart attack. Sympathy is extended to the Robert Gottschalk family of Cran- m'oor, because of the tragic death of their small son, Kim, drowned in the marsh reservoir. OREGON Weather was cloudy, rainy or misty much of June and into late July, with temperatures about normal. The bloom held on until late July. Very little irrigation was necessary before July 17th. Regular meeting of the Boston area, NCA advisory committee was held at the Bandon plant with full attendance. The board recom- mended there be one pool, due to possible price uncertainty on fresh fruit. M. L. Urann was accompanied on his visit to the West Coast by Tom Darlington of New Jersey, designer of the Darlington picker. A dinner meeting was held at Co- quille. Mr. Urann reported on af- fairs of NCA and spoke at length on the fresh fruit set-up for the coming season. He stated he ex- pected plenty of competition, and declared that National will not start any price cutting but "we will not be undersold". Payments for berries will be made in Aug., September and final settlement in November. He said growers could expect about $15.00 a barrel, and also expect a $7 ad- vance on the 1954 crop. Charge for grading either fresh or canned berries will be 75 cents per barrel. If growers deliver their berries at receiving stations there will be no transportation charge, otherwise the usual 15 cents per barrel. Executive Committee of the Southwestern Cranberry Club meeting at Ted Hulton's home in mid-July voted to send Mrs. Ethel Kranick to Portland, as its delegate for the annual meeting of the Ore- gon Agricultural Research Advi- sory Council. Convince a certain type of man that it pays to be good and you couldn't keep him out of church with a shotgun. DOEHLERT VISITS IN MASSACHUSETTS Charles A. Doehlert, associate in research,, in charge of New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry labora- tory, Pemberton, N. J., briefly visited Massachusetts in early Au- gust. He came to confer especial- ly with Dr. H. F. Bergman (re- tired) on problems of oxygen de- ficiency in flooded cranberry bogs and with Mass. Director E. C. Cross. MASS. RESEARCHERS ATTEND MEETING Members of the Massachusetts Experiment Station on June 30 attended the annual staff meeting of Extension Service, University of Massachusetts at Amherst. Those being present were. Dr. C. E. Cross, William E. Tomlinson, Jr., Dr. F. B. Chandler, Prof. John Bailey, Dr. H. F. Bergman (retired) and Cranberry Specialist J. Richard Beattie. Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers * * * REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER in stock * * * Construction Grade Redwood Spruce Fir Hardware Paints Roofing E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middleboro Rd. E. Freetown Tel. No. Roch. 75 Cambridge St. Middleboro Tel. 1123 STONE & FORSYTH COMPANY Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVEREn, MASS Tel. EV 7 • 1240 - 1241 - 1242 F'ftPeU LOOKING BACK The work of gathering and compiling statistics and crop esti- mates is by no means a picnic, and is accompanied by many vexations. Not the least of these is from failure of many, most interested, to appreciate their value. These same would like to have the in- formation they contain if they could keep it from the others. Thei'e is encouragement, how- ever, in the fact that the numbers of these are growing less. There has been a more general response to my inquiries this year than before. People are coming to realize that the value of any com- modity in which they are interested is regulated by the supply, and that it is not the essence of wis- dom on the part of the producer to allow this knowledge of the supply to be monopolized by deal- ers. By shrewdness of these, a forecast of the present crop has already been made, and but for the fact that the growers' statistics would soon be forethcoming, I doubt, if the information would have been given to the public. A few of our district secretaries are behind with their reports, so I am not able to give you the results by districts at this time. I have reports of 225 individual crops in New Jersey which show 5,00.3 acres in bearing (1,143 not bearing), that foot up 322,974 bushels for 1903, and 183,454 bushels for 1904, a shortage of 135,020, or 43 percent. Prom Long Island district, I have reports representing 91 acres (8 not in bearing), with 14,360 bushels for 1903 and 12,000 for 1904. Connecticut reports 20 acres bearing, 24 not in bearing, show- ing 1,650 bushels for 1903 and 2,.550 for 1904. From Wisconsin I have reports showing 365 acres, bearing (120 not bearing), with a total, crop of 1903 of 4,.500 bushels, and 20,500 for 1904 or an increase of 335 percent. These reports are all, from the Berlin district, where they escaped the August frost, and are valuable and interesting, as showing conclusively what has often been claimed that growers who have short crops are not in- terested and are not likely to Sixteen report. Not a single indivdual crop report has been received from the frost district which is the principal cranberry growing district in Wis- consin. The single report from Halifax, Nova Scotia, says "nothing here, against 250 bushels for last year. Cause unknown". At a meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association 79 growers reported crops of 1903 aggregating 77,893 barels, and estimate for 1904, 69,115, or shortage from last year of 11 per- cent. (A. J. Rider, secretary, August 30th 1904 meeting, Ame- rican Cranberry Growers Associa- tion, Philadelphia,- Pa.) N.CA. ANNUAL MEETING AT ONSET, AUG. 27 Annual meeting of NCA is to oe held this year Tuesday, August 24th, at the Onset (Mass.) plant I's for the past few seasons with ■ he chicken and cranberry barbe- icue served in the new freezer at noon, which will give the first opportunity to inspect this modern ttructure. It is anticipated this w-ll bo one ' r (he biffgest sesions yet of the ^'^-npr>l•at'vo. ns since Inst A,ug"st / ^A l-ia=; jrrinori 261 in mpmber- ^'i'l. Also this is the first year NCA will handle both fresh and - rocesed fruit and there is interest in the new program. The regular scheduled meeting on the preceding Tuesday, accord- Ji" to the bylaws, will meet at '^''anpon to act on the question of .iTcreasing the authorized shares O'f caiital stock and then we ad- journed for the rest of the busi- ness the 24th. Since there were only a few days of sunshine and many cloudy, cool days berries have, and at first of August, were being formed over a very long period, compared to a normal season. Flowering began in June and was concluded in late July. This will cut the yield consi- derable. There was a considerable amount of rainfall. A light crop is anticij>ated at the Experiment Station bog, only about 60 percent as compared to normal. Season will be at least two weeks behind a good year, and there will be a wide varation in size. Rose bloom was prevelant, but most of the diseases and insects remained at an average impor- tance. It would be much easier to see the good in others if we didn't have so many faults of our own. Sometimes a man has to consult others in order to find out what his better judgment is. WATCH YOUR PROFITS GROW SEASON COOL, LATE IN WASHINGTON lb has been a very cool and moist summer for Washington. Temper- atures have ranged from 40 mi- nimum to 67 maximum; average maximum and minimum has ranged from 52 to 64. There has been very little deviation from this range. SINCE 1910 PORTABLE IRRIGATION DrSTRIBUTED BY C. MORRIS WILLIAMS Hatchville Road North Falmouth, Mass. CHARLES REED School St. Seekonk, Mass. W. R. AMIS COMPANY 3905 E. Broadwoy, Tampa, Ftj. SEND ME FREE LITERATURE. NAME ADDRESS... CITY - W.R.AMES COMPANY TAMPA FLA • SAN FRANCISCO CALIF Jersey Has Worst Woods Fire In Cranberry Area During the week of July 12th what has been called New Jersey's most destructive forest fire burned over an estimated 23,000 acres, including cranberry bogs and blueberry fields. This was mostly in Chatsworth, inthe heart of the Burlington Country cranberry dis- trict. Residents of the small hamlet of Chatsworth lived virtually in a world of flame when the worst fire lodest citizens can remember swept through, around and over the community. The blaze raged in a zig-zag pattern for thiee days. Many of the approximately 200 homes in Chatsworth caught fire or were smoking, but hardworking firefighters saved all but a few of the homes. As an example, the fire burned the Venetian blinds of the front porch of a house, and also the head of a floor mop at the back dooor. The fire did not burn as much agreage as the 60,000 acres des- troyed in 1936, it was more des- tructive than the 1937 fire which burned more than 15,000 acres. Estimates of total damage to building range up to a million dol- lars. There were 180 fire fighting crews engaged in the combat from all over New Jersey and eastern Pennsylvania, and more than 1,000 volunteers assisted. Only about 350 acres of bog was actually lost, however, of which about 200 were in production. An- other amazing fact was that a final check of blueberry plantings show- ed that although a number were scorched all around the edges only 15 were destroyed. OCEAN SPRAY'S PALL CAMPAIGN TO BE ANNOUNCED AUG 16-18 Ocean Spray's merchandising plans for fall will be announced for the first time at the sixth an- nual Merchandising and Manage- ment Conference of the United Fresh Fruit & Vegetable Associa- tion to be held in Chicago, August 16 through 18. The program will be presented in three ways. The Ocean Spray booth will show ad- woodland, cranberry bogs and to vertising and merchandising mate- rial and how it can do an effective selling job. Ocean Spray brokers and direct customers representing the fresh produce department will be invited to breakfast on the 16th to hear the objectives of the cam- paign and how N.C.A. can help accomplish them. Then on the 17th, Ocean Spray's program will be anounced to the general conference. Attending from NCA will be: M. L. Urann, James E. Glover, E. Clyde McGrew, Perley B. Merry, Robert D. Henklein, Russell and J. C. Makepeace. OCEAN SPRAY SUMMER PIE CONTEST AUG. 18th NCA is to hold its fourth annual "Summertime Cranberry Pie" contest at Weymouth (Mass.) State Fair August 18th. Judge is Ken Dalton, Brockton columnist and radio commentator, with Mrs. Ruth Wakefield of the Toll House and Miss Jean Griffin of NCA cranberry kitchen co-judges. There will be $110 in cash prizes, divided into two classes, 2-crust pies and 1-cnist pies. A $15, $10 and $5 awards will be given in both classes. The top- winning pie that Judge Dalton likes best will receive the $50 grand prize. Pies must be delivered by 11 a.m. at the Fair grounds, with judging to take place immediately there- after. Any man, woman or child, not a professional cook may enter. Registration blanks, rules and cranberry recipes that have won grand prizes in the past may be obtained by writing to NCA at Hanson. Recipes must accompany exhibits and these become the property of NCA. JULY MOVED MUCH OCEAN SPRAY SAUCE Total sauce sales for July were 464,240 cases, more than doubling last year's July, NCA reports. Sales for 1954 up to end of Just have been 1,135,497 cases, as against 1,620,523 last year. Although some of this business was due to government orders, such as the school lunch program, NCA says 85 percent of total has been a direct result of expanded consumer demand. AUGUST HEAVY IN EARLY RAINS The first nine days of August brought much rain to the Massa- chusetts cranberry area, a total of 4.63 inches, or more than enough for a normal August. Most of this fell on two occasions, the heaviest being on the 9th. This storm alone brought 3.09 inches. Rain came down steadilly for about 24 hours. This should help sizing. Ditches and reservoirs were filed up and some bogs were lightly flooded, but no damage was reported. Cranberry Literature Exchange Cranberry growers who have literature such as bulletins or articles pertaining to cranberries which they no longer want, may be interested in securing other bulletins or articles which they do not have. Cranberries will try to assist you in exchanging the literature which you do not want for some of the articles which you do want. If you are interested, send us the title of the publi- cation you have for exchange to "CRANBERRIES," Wareham, Mass., and specify what you you wish to have sent to you. We will publish the title you wish. As soon as it becomes available it will be forwarded to you. This is a series offered by "CRANBERRIES" to get cran- berry literature to cranberry growers. It is a plan by which you Bend your duplicates or issues you no longer want for exchange for what you desire. Old issues of Cranberries may be sent in for newer is.'sues or for other publications. No charge for this service. ^evente^n *'M ^11 y^ Aerial view after the fire showing Moore's meadows and eomi)lete burning of bogs in that area. All but 18 acres of the Moore Meadow Company were completely wiped out as well as storage sheds and screenhouses with equipment. (GroCanCo Photo) Eighteen One of the properties which entirely escaped the fire, although it was completely surrounded by the blaze, was that of the Birches Cranberry Company, shown above with its burned woodland. The property was saved by back-firing and by flooding. This property and that of Tony DeMarco entirely escaped bog injury. The Clayberger and Goodrich bogs were damaged by burning about 50 acres of choice vines. (CranGroPhoto) Nineteen Usually we feel that inventors are men. However, this is not so. Mrs. Chester Vose of Marion, Mass., had difficulty holding a flashlight, a flume plank and a plank hook all at one time on a dark night. After some thought she went to the shop and with some help she came out with a light that she did not have to hold. A pointed rod was put in a small tube. The other end of the tube was bent and a flashlight attached so that the beam of light would fall on the flume. This piece of equip- ment is light in weight and a great convenience during the frost season. Twenty AUGUST Is a Hot and Busy Month A time when you need every Labor and time saving assistance possible. ELECTRICITY Is an economical and invaluable servant. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries 28' Sickle bar cuts weeds, brash, grais — trims close to _ buildings and ^^\^_^^(^~S^5 trees. Climbs ^^^^^S^iS^S* hUls. iM^^g^"?^ lAWN MOWER, SNOW PLOW AHACHMENTS 20' Full Floating Reel 16' Rotary Snow Thrower Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. ihur-Rune 400 CouplM Your SHUR- RANE Dealer FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. Lawn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. nil WASHINGTON 8TBBBT WEST NEWTON 6S. MASS. Ocean Spray DOUBLES July Sales Ocean spray doubled its mid-summer sales and made headline news for cranberry growers everywhere. July has been making constant gains since 1948 and now holds the highest sales record of the Spring and Summer months, January through July. Here is the record leading to the 464,240 cases of ocean spray sold July, 1954. TOTAL SALES OF OCEAN SPRAY for the month of JULY 1948 - 1954 500,CUU 400,000 y r / 300,000 ^> 1 ZUU,uUu /] ^ 1 00,000 n ■ ■" w 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 AND sales for January through July, 1954 are 41 Vc ahead of January through July, 1953. Ocean spray sales tell the story of how NCA is buildinti security for its members. National Cranberry Association Hanson, Massachusetts SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD HEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON NCA's "Cranberry Girl and Boy of the Year" clasp hands before going on stas^'t Harvest Festival. They are Betty Webster 17, and Robert Clarke 17. Story on "p 14. (CRANBERRIES PHOT ^•■M 30 Cents September— October 8ERYIN G , TOE CRANBERRY . INRWS'ER\ Morris April Bros.] Cape & Vineyard Bridgeton - Tuckahoe Flectfic C( New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS -ompany Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven Hall & Cole Eatablished ISM Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Wareham Savings Bank and Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES E-xpert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts ueea Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applicatione Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 lel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. JQUiPMENT HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS. PUMPS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT SHUR-RANE PIPE RAINBIRD HEADS DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bofs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI iWAREHAM, MASS. Tel. «2« ADVERTISE CRANBERRIES .. - "A-, rt r ^IKECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWf HN HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlinston 74, Hail. Tel. AR 6-6100, B-(101 • • PATRONIZE CRANBERRIES ADVERTISERS • • • Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD Soutli Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choost and Ust Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middlaport, Naw York Robert W. Savary GHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. _ PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPUES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Send A Copy To Your Friends .. . WITHOUT _CHARGE Please send a free copy of CRANBERRIES with my compliments to the persons listed below: [] If possible send the May, 19B4 issue. To To Address City .... ..State.. Address City ..State. Sender ... Address Ona Our Hurricane Explanation When you get five feet of salt water sweeping through any business it does that establishment no good. Some business may be damaged more than others, and one of these can well be that of publish- ing, with its costly, mainly delicate equipment such as linotypes, which must be watch-like in their coordination. This is what happened to CRANBERRIES in the New England hurricane "Carol" of August 31. This hurricane was followed by a second, September 11, which poured rain water through the roof in the building. The foregoing is why there was no September issue of this magazine in the event you are wondering why you did not receive your copy. Current number is a combination September-October issue in which we will try to bring you up to date on the cranberry news. That was a vicious tropical storm, "Carol", and also "Edna", the second, which left wrecked paths from lower New England into Nova Scotia. Wareham, and much of Massachusetts cranberryland was in the direct swath of injury. Four were drowned in Wareham and adjacent Bourne. Winds howled like banshees. It is all but impossible to walk into the face of a hurricane. Following such storms there is no electricity, no telephones. The militia takes over to guard lives and property. Passes are required to i-eaeh certain areas. There is a 9 o'clock curfew. The guardsmen shoot, if you do not halt upon command. Trees crash, buildings completely vanish when swept by the foam- ing tides. Live wires dangle, and at night flash eerie reds and blues, like a blow torch. Trees are suddenly bare of every leaf. Damage in Wareham, heart of the cranberry industry has been set at $7,700,000. This figure may be exceeded when the final count is in. Many are made homeless, nothing left, only the clothing being worn. "Digging out", follows such disasters and for a solid month after "Carol", that has been what has been going on in the Wareham Courier office where CRANBERRIES is published. Flush with a hosing of fresh water, than spray equipment with oils, over and over again. Rust is relentless. Rust never stops it's eating away. Loyal employees work until exhausted. There is no furnace heat in a saturated building. A tidal wave carries a slime. This slime, as it gradually dries, does not smell sweet. It is in everything; machinery to desk diaws and to file boxes. Our files and mailing lists were water-logged, and turned helter- skelter. All who have paid subscriptions may not be receiving this number. We would request that if you hear of a subscribing neighbor who has not received this copy, that he notify us. This is the second time our office has been raked in such fashion. First in 1938, then there was minor damage in 1944, and a slight hurricane in 1947. But disasters, of one kind or another strike everywhere. We shall attempt to carry on from here. Harold Bryant Now With National Foodi The appointment of Harold E. Bryant, who resigned last spring as general manager of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. as assistant to the general manager of American National Foods, Inc. of New York is announced by that organization American National Foods is a national cooperative, with main headquarters on the West Coast. It annually handles about 35,000 carloads of all kinds of fruit and vegetables. Mr. Bryant will give special attention to oganization, market- ing and merchandising plans for growers, shippers and cooperatives in the major production areas of the country. New York address of American National Foods is Hudson Termi- nal building, 30 Church street, New York. Mr. Bryant has re- quested us to say he would be pleased to hear from or see any of his friends in the cranberry in- dustry. "CRANBERRIES" ADVERTISING PAYS BIG DIVIDENDS! Reasonable Rates on Request Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation CORRUGATED BOXES of Special Design Manufactured for cran- berry growers for over fifteen years. J.&J. Corrugated Box Corp. Fall River, Mass. Tel. 6-8282 Two Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Hurricanes It is too early to estimate the extent of the damage to our cran- berry bogs resulting from the re- cent hurricanes. We know that Hurricane Carol flooded approxi- mately 250 acres of bog with salt water and that a large percentage of the remaining acreage was sub- jected to wind-driven salt spray. Fortunately very little picking had taken place prior to this salt treat- ment. The 1938 hurricane demon- strated very clearly that damage to bogs was much more severe where they had been recently har- vested. We also learned that un- picked bogs that were flooded with salt water less than 36-48 hours suffered relatively little damage. Newly set vines, on the other hand, were rather severely injured. Apparently we are experiencing the same situation again since new plantings began turning brown within a week and some low spots on mature bogs changed color within a week and some low spots on mature bogs changed color within three weeks. The heavy rainfall that occurred in the cran- berry area during Hurricane Edna flooded many bogs and no doubt in- jured a certain percentage of the berries. However, this rain should have removed much of salt de- posit left by the previous hurri- cane. Flumes and Dikes A fair number of flumes and dikes were washed out during the first storm and growers have been busy repairing them in preparation for the fall frost season. Several reservoirs were also flooded with salt water and some of these have been drained in hopes that they would refill with fresh water in time for fall requirements. We have collected many water samples from flooded bogs and reservoirs in order to test them for their salt content. Harvesting was greatly delayed because of the prolonged rainy weather experienced during the first three weeks in September. Labor supplies appear to be ade- quate. The Massachusetts Divi- sion of Employment Security have been recruiting and placing har- vest workers and will maintain this service throughout the fall. Their oflTices in New Bedford, Brockton, and Hyannis have es- tablished temporary field offices at the Square Deal Garage in West Wareham and at the National Cranberry Association office in Hanson. Growers should keep in close touch with their local em- ployment office if labor is a prob- lem. Frost Warnings The Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers Association is again sponsoring the popular telephone frost warn- ing service. It is a pleasure to re- port that we have 213 subscribers which equals our highest number during the last eight years. Re- ceipts have exceeded expenditures in a substantial manner so that the frost service department of the association is in a sound financial condition. As chairman of the frost committee, the writer would like to thank all those who have assisted in signing up new mem- bers and hopes the good work will continue and that even a larger number of subscribers will be real- ized next year. The fall radio schedule which supplements the telephone frost warning service will be as follows below. Please note the slight change in the time schedule for Stations WEEI and WBZ. "Clean-up" Flood A few suggestions on fall man- agement are outlined for the growers consideration. We believe that it is an excellent practice to flood a bog as soon as it has been picked regardless of whether the floats are to be salvaged. Each year more growers are using this "clean-up flood" and are very much pleased with the results. It gives the vines a good drink of water which helps revive them after the rough picking operation and re- moves much of the harmful trash that accumulates on bogs each year. The airplane propellor-type float boat driven over the flooded bogs at high speed does an ex- cellent job of bringing up the trash to the surface where it can be collected and disposed of in a suitable manner. Postpone Pruning We have found that it is well to postpone pruning, raking, and sanding operations until next spring on bogs that lack a proper winter flood. Experience shows that the mechanical injury to the vines from these operations makes them more subject to winterkilling when they are not properly pro- tected with a winter flood. Quality Fruit Always A new marketing season has arrived. We believe that it is the growers responsibility to furnish their marketing agencies with high quality fruit that the trade will find profitable to handle and that will satisfy the general public. We all know that this means care- full handling of the crop from the harvest through the screening and packing operations. In other words, avoid as much bruising of the fruit as possible, remove field Station Place Dial Afternoon A. M. F. M. Evening WEEI Boston 690 k 103.3 mg 2:00 9:30 WBZ Boston 1030 k 92.9 mg 2:30 Sun. none Sat. -Fri. 9 ;00 Sunday-Friday 9 :30 Saturday WOCB W Yarmouth 1210 k 94.3 mg 3:00 9:30 WBSM N. Bedford 1230 k 97.3 mg 3:30 9:00 Threo Ihii is another picture of the 1954 WESTERN PICKER. If it hadn't been for the hundreds of WESTERN PICKERS now operating in Massachusetts more than 1500 Puerto Ricans (or other) would have had to be imported to save this year's Massa- chusetts crop. This was due to the rains that kept piclcing- delayed long after its normal beginning. Again it has been demonstrated that WESTERN'S eight years of picking experience is a decisive factor. Again, it has been proved' WESTERN PICKER'S selective pi'uning is the method that bears the most fruit in the long run — because an "unreasonable" number of growers using WEST- ERN PICKERS are producing over 200 barrels per acre. This pruning does not cut your vine indiscriminately. It breaks off the week runners — It cuts back from the top about one third of the longer runners each year, so that in 3 years' time all of your bog has been pruned. This high cutting causes your vines to "stool'' out nearer the ground next year resulting in a dense, even mat of uprights after the third year. The vines, grass and trash are cleaned from the bottom letting in more sunlight which ripen your ben-ies more evenly saving screening costs. This cutting action is patented. You can't get it in any other method of pruning, nor in any other marketed picker. This is why growers who have used the WESTERN PICKERS for three years are nearly rabid in defending its principle and why non-users who have had no experience with it but who still have their hide bound perjudices of a generation ago say that this prun- ing is very injurious. It is only injurious when it is done without knowledge — or done on vines that will not normally respond to any kind of treatment without addition help. The proof is not in the opinion of so-called experts but in the plainly visibel boes of many.many growers who have used the WESTERN PICKER for three or more years. P. S. Frank Cook, Service Shop in South Middleboro will be open this winter. Have your WESTERN PICKERS reconditioned immediately after this year's harvest season. He will deliver your picker to you when they are done. heat quickly from the picking boxes, attend to the details of proper ventilation in the screen- houses, and screen and pack care- fully. The first shipments of cran- berries are carefully judged by jobbers, wholesalers, retailers, and the consuming public. It certainly is to our advantage to be sure that these first shipments are fa- vorably judged and that we con- tinue to maintain a high quality pack, both fresh and processed, throughout the year. D. J. Crowley Chief Speaker Wisconsin Meeting Principal speaker at the annual summer meeting of Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Associ- ation, Wisconsin Rapids, August 14th was Dr. D. J. Crowley, retired head of Washington State Cran- berry-Blueberry Lab of Long Beach. He gave an interesting talk to about 150 growers present. Leo A. Sorenson, secretary- treasurer of the organization gave an estimate of the 1954 crop pros- pects. He said he anticipated a Badger State crop of about 225,000 barrels which would just about equal the past five-year average of 224,000 for Wisconsin. Rain in the blossom period, plus frost and hail in several areas cut down the anticipated crop. Berries, he believed would be of relatively large size and early, if favorable conditions continued. Mmmm Minim Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Randall .and Mr. and Mrs. L. M. Kranick attended a West coast Advisory meeting at Markham, Washington where a report was made concern- ing their trip to the east coast to attend the annual meeting of the National Cranberry Associa- tion. Mrs. Randall is the new West Coast Director. She replaces Len- ard Morris of Long Beach. Some professional people who fail at their practice imagine it is up to them to preach. rssue of Sept.-Oct. 1954 -Vol. 19 No.5&6 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St.. Warcham. Massachusetts. Subscribtion, $S.OO per year. Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham. Massachusetts, under the Act of March 8, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS Hurricane "Carol" "Preliminary" picking had begun on some bogs the closing days of August preceding the hurricane of the 31st. During that storm there was heavy rain preceding the act- ual hurricane of 1.38 inches. That helped prevent salt from penetrat- ing surface of bogs near salt water to any great depth. During "Carol," only .85th inch fell, mak- ing the total for the storm 2.35. 2,000 Barrels Lost Data gathered by Dr. Cross of the Experiment Station show that about 250 acres of Massachusetts' 15,000 acres were affected by the storm. Approximately 15 percent of the 10,000 barrels of berries on the flooded bogs were seriously injured by the salt, or about 2,000 barrels were lost. There was con- sidered to be little damage to bogs submitted less than 36 to 48 hours if they had not been picked. Station was aided in arriving at conclusions by members of the staff and growers who experienced similar situations in 1938 and 1944. "Edna" Brought 7.20" Rain Hurricane "Edna" followed the first tropical storm on September 11. This brought a deluge of 7.20 inches of rain, which was actually beneficial to the bogs which had suffered salt water flooding or salt water spray. 14 of 21 Days Had Rain The first 21 days of September saw picking virtually at a stand- still because of rains which came as an aftermath of the two big blows. Precipitation up to the 21st totalled 7.40 inches. There was rain on 14 of the 21 days. By that date Dr. Cross estimated only 3 to 5 percent of the crop had been picked, whereas normally about 35 percent would have been gotten off. This delay, however, was bringing fi-uit to a condition described as "excellent" and as to size "good." Sept. Rainfall 7.46 September rainfall totalled 7.46 inches of rain with the normal 3.56 inches. Gi-owers made every possible effort to get off the fruit on the several good days the latter part of the month. Every possible picker was utilized and all picking machines. The me- chanical pickers have proved to be lifersavers this year. Labor was not abundent, as many pickers be- canre discouraged at being unable to work day after day because of rain. Generally speaking there were enough, however. Picking still behind By October first it was estim- ated that 35-40 percent of the crop had been harvested. There was "terrific" picking as September ended. Dr. Cross makes the 35-40 estimate, and says the percentage should be about 65 by October first, as 60 percent of the crop is Blacks and not even all the earlies were off by that date. OREGON Annual tour sponsored by the Southwest Oregon Cranberry club was held Sunday, August 29th with about 40 in attendance. There were visits ot the follovnng bogs for the following purposes: Campbell and McLean Bog, Lower Fourmile, fertilizer res- ponse; Jack Dean Bog, Rosa road, IPC work on grass control; Jack Windhurst bog, frost damage; Jim Olson bog, 2, 4-D work on dan- delions and new bog construction; Ted Hultin bog, mouse contol with toxaphene. Lunch was at the Windhurst place. Tour committee was Chas. St. Sure, Jim Olson, Ray Bates and Jack Thiemes. WASHINGTON Berries Large — Good Color Season has been colder and wet- ter than normal; the blooming per- iod extended over about six weeks and, as a result, there is a large number of very late berries. Such late fruit usually does not size to any extent, but this season has been an exception. Berries have obtained good size, probably be- cause of the cool weather and so much rain. As September ended it appeared the harvest will be the second largest, and it will be very late. Start of picking was the first of October. Maximum temperature for Au- gust was 73 degrees, minimum 41. For September the maximum was 72 and the minimum 40. Main activity in September among the growers was re-arrang- ing, sorting and harvesting ma- chinery. Most of the growers are interested in eliminating hand labor as much as possible. Labor is very hard to obtain. 65-75,000 Bbls. Latest reports from growers place the crop this year at about 65-75,000 barrels. WISCONSIN Harvest Underway As of the end of September har- vest was under way in all areas FWe of Wisconsin with the heaviest crops being reported in the north. Rain and cold weather during the first half of September re- sulted in earlier coloring, but pre- vented the berries from making large size. Hail A hail storm struck the grow- ing areas of Hayward and Biron on September 20th knocking about 15 percent of the berries off the vines. These berries were imme- diately floated and sent out for processing. Publicity Berries and vines have been sent upon request to a number of radio and TV stations resulting in a lot of free publicity for the Wiscon- sin cranberry industry. 25 Percent Off End of September About 25 percent of the crop was harvested by the end of Sep- tember. A large number of grow- ers doing mechanical picking and drying. Water supplies were very adequate and vines are budding up good for next year. Demands for fresh Wisconsin berries were the heaviest in many years. NEW JERSEY Adequate rainfall during the month of August in the cranberry area prevented further damage to the New Jersey crop. The fringe of hurricane "Carol" brought 2.16 inches of rain on August 31 and this increased the monthly total to 5.53 inches, which is .75 inch above normal. The month was consider- ably cooler than normal, averaging only 71.6° as compared to the norm of 74.3°. Scattered Hail Scattered hail on August 20 caused considerable damage. One New Jersey grower has been visit- ed by a very large share of the plagues of nature this year. His cranbery bogs have been damaged by frost, drought, fire and hail. Harvest Began Sept. 1 Many cool nights have brought about a reddening of berries, which was at least average for N. J. for end of August. Harvesting of ber- ries was under way as of Septem- ber 1st. Some growers are finding that they have a better crop than they anticipated six weeks ago. Prospects Better As harvest went on through September and early October, the prospects appeared to be looking up for a better crop than was earlier anticipated. Berries that had "promised" to be small had sized nicely. No Opening Price For Ocean Spray Fresh Berries The following was released by National Cranberry Association Tuesday: Ocean Spray's price policy on fresh cranberries is to ship and sell on a competitive basis, and NCA representatives in each market may take advantage of current and local conditions with- out the limitations of a fixed na- tional price. Ocean Spi'ay has been selling for $4.25 to §5.00 a case and the movement has been normal for the time of year. Brokers and cus- tomers, including chain store buyers, seem to be satisfied with Ocean Spray's pi-icing policy. Conditions vary in all markets as do the forces of supply and demand. With a competitive price policy, NCA can meet all legiti- mate prices, and the price can more easily adjust iteself to the | exisitng conditions. In the past, the naming of an opening price has been exclusively a cranberry custom. It has not been practiced by other fruit.5. The price named held only as long as the forces of supply and demand allowed it to remain, and often this would not be beyond the first day. ELDERLY GROWER DIES ON HIS CAPE BOG Henry Johnson, 73, grower of West Bai'nstable Massachusetts, died on his bog September 27th while harvesting. Death was caused by a cerebral hemorrhage, district medical examiner de- clared. His son, Nello, said he had seen his father standing on the bog and going to pick up a box of ber- ries. A few moments later he could not see his father and walk- ed over and found the body. Mr. Johnson was born in Fin- land, coming to the United States in 1902 and for many years had been growing cranbei'ries on the Cape. Any time a man allows the out- go to exceed his income, his over- head will eventually mean his downfall. FALL HAZARDS During the Harvest and Shipping Season do you worry about truckloads of cranberries tipping over? Do you worry about the theft of beiTies from your buildings? These, and many other hazards can be inexpensively covered by insurance. Call us for the complete story- Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 Six Hurricane Injury By F. B. Chandler The Cape region has just had its third and fourth hurricanes. A number of research workers have made observations following the first two storms and Dr. Bergman has made many salt determinations from previous storms. This article is to present some of the kinds of hurricane injury to cranberry bogs and to illustrate some of these with pictures taken inimediately after Hurricane "Carol". Also to give some indication of the salt contents of water on the bogs or in the ditches and reservoirs after this storm. The injury most generally dis- tributed yet causing the least damage for the grower and prob- ably the least decrease in the Mas- sachusetts crop is wind injury or knocking the berries off. Wind damage may be found on many to Cranberry Bogs bogs which did not receive water damage. Water damage to vines may be considered under a number of dif- ferent heads. The rush of water from the hurricanes wave may remove some of the berries and in a few cases the entire crop may be washed from the vines on part of a bog. In a few cases the rushing water may get under the roots and turn the cranberry sod upside down (see Figure 1). When water does mechanical dam- age it usually buries the vines with cranberry trash or sand from the dike (see Figures 2 and 3). Vines The above refers to the injury which usually occurs at the first of the flooding. There is a smothering of the vines if the water remains on too long, that is, over 36 hours. The points mentioned so far could be caused by water, fresh or salt, and Hiost people are interested in the effect of the salt water. The action of the salt may be considered as physiological and its effect may be expected to be related to its concentration. The water samples collected from bogs and bog ditches following the hurricane contained from well over one half of sea water to only about one- sixteenth of sea water, see Table. The great variation is due to the different amounts of fresh water mixed with salt water before it got to the bog. The real injury results from the salt absorbed by the plant. If the soil is wet, as it was since we had over an inch of rain previous to the tidal wave, the salt water will penetrate only slightly or not at all into the loot zone. Therefore it would be possible for very salty water to cover the bog and then drain off with very little entering the soil. From this is evident that the spots in the bogs that do not drain FIG. 1. The Smith Hammond Company Un&ei, Bog. The water luoliing ovei thia dike washed under the cranberry sod and rolled it over. Also note erosion near flume. Figure 3 was taken from this dike. (All photos by Dr. Chandler) Seven FIG. 2. The lower end of the Baker Bog, Buzzards l!ay, showing the dike washeil (into the bog. Nearly all of the fi-uit was washed from the vines. Figure 4 is the same bog from a different jjoint of view. FIG. 3. Smith Hammond Company Bog in Onset. This dike washed away, part onto the bog. FIG. 4. Baker Bog, Buzzards Bay. The dike was e impletely washed, away, the flume upset, and a new stream channel opened. Eight may be tlie locations that will receive the most injury because salt does not drain off but enters the soil. Vines which have been injured by harvest or by walking on the vines may absorb more salt and it may be absorbed at the injured area, therefore vines in- jured before being flooded by salt water will be damaged more than uninjured vines. Dikes Beside the hurricane damage to the vines there is the destruction of dikes. At least four dikes which I have seen will have to be rebuilt and many will have to have minor repairs. Figures 2, 3 and 4 show dikes washed out. This i.'^ the greatest expense resulting from the hurricane. The crop re- duction for the entire state is minor but may be major for the individuals who received hurricane damage. The cranberry damage all occurred during Hurricane "Carol". There were some trees blown down on the uplands during Hurricane "Edna". We can not prevent hurricanes and unfortunately there is little we can do afterward. In soils with a high base exchange and good internal drainage lime helps to^ . remove the sodium ions, but cran- berry soils have very little base exchange or drainage and lime will do little or nothing. Growers can learn the salt content of re- srevoirs which have had salt v/ater by bringing samples to the Cranberry Station. This informa- tion plus guidance from the Sta- tion staff on water manageraentM will assist them in overcoming their salt problem. SALT CONTENT OF CRANBERRY RESERVOIRS OR DITCH WATER SAMPLES TAKEN AT TWO DATES* Location Sept. 1, 1954 Sept. 17, 1954 Only partial list given Milligrams of Percent Milligrams of Percent here — to show variation Chlorine per 100 Sodium Chlorine per 100 Sodium cubic centimeters Chloride cubic cent. Chloride Sea water for comparison 1680 3.43 1680 ■ 3.43 Smith Hammond Co. — on bog 1070 2.18 George Rounsville bog — ditch water 860 1.75 150 .31 Baker bog — ditch water 820 1.68 134 .27 ^> Beatons' Lower Bangs — ditch water 700 1.43 '36 .07 Smith Hammond Co. — ditch water 640 1.30 230 .47 Dick's Ponds Southwest end 262 .53 250 .51 George Rounsville reservoir 146 .28 178 .36 Baker bog — reservoir 92 .17 48 .10 Kelleys' Beaver Dam Reservoir 42 .09 8 .016 • Determinations based on Silver nitrate test for Chlorine. • Comparison of samples taken September 1, the djiy after Hurricane "Carol", shows considerable variation at that tin-e. Samples taken later showed a decrease generally, but the amount of salt present on September 17th was not related to the amount present immediately after the hurricane. This su^ffests it would be best to handle each case separately. The salt dete-minntions reported hero are very similn- to tb"i;" obtained by BerBman in 1938. Members of the Station staff hav-^ assisted in collectino- samiles and Irvine n"mnranvi"" has assisted with the determination of salt. Meetings Held In Wisconsin The annual summer meeting of the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Association was held Saturday, August 14 at the Cen- tral Cranberry Company, Cran- moor. Over two hundred people were in attendance for the cran- berry equipment display and the meeting. Dr. D. J. Crowley, former head of the Cranberry-Blueberry Ex- perimental Station, Long Beach, Washington was guest speaker. His talk outlining cranberry grow- ing on the West Coast was most interesting and well received by the members. L. A. Joos, meteorologist in charge of the Frost Warning Service spoke briefly and several University of Wisconsin personnel were introduced. A preliminary crop estimate of 225,000 bbls for the 1954 Wisconsin crop was giv- en. Some damage to the crop was done by hail and frost. Berries are larger than normal and keeping quality should be good. E. C. McGrew, sales manager of the fresh fruit division, N. C. A., addressed a group of Wisconsin N. C. A. members on Saturday evening August 14 at the Hotel Mead, Wisconsin Rapids. Lester Haines, general manager of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. ad- dressed a joint meeting of the members of the Midwest Coope- rative and the Wisconsin Cran- berry Sales Company at the Elks Club, Wisconsin Rapids on August 20th. It is expected about forty percent of the crop will be mecha- nically harvested and about twen- ty percent mechanically aried. Except for the killing frost in northeastern Wisconsin on July 22nd, no frost was reported on the balance of the Wisconsin mar- shes from the first part of June until the second week of August. CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. Nine Visitoib. Irom laitne^t away at annual NCA meeting, Massachusetts were these from Oregon and Wash- ington. Left to right they are: Mrs. Pryde, director, Grayland, Washington; Mrs. Ethel Kranicli. and, rear, Leslie Kranick, Bandon, Oregon; David Pryde and Mrs. Mae Randall, Bandon, also director. Mrs. Randa 1 was caught in the Hurricane "Carol" at Boston as she was returning home. She was thrown to the street when the door of a taxi biew off, also blown to the pavement were the cab oper- ator and a police offijer who came to her assistance. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Oregon Cranberry Growers Go Visiting We Visited Wisconsin Par; 1 By ETHEL M. KRANICX For many years we have follow- ed the cranberry industry of Wis- consin through the Cranberry Magazine. Through the years many of the Wisconsin growers visited the West Coast, among whom were Mr. and Mrs. Guy Potter, Roy Potter. Mr. and Mrs. Mengel, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Lewis, Albert Hedler, Vernon Goldswoi'thy and Mrs. Amundson. There were others perhaps whom we did not meet. These contacts stimulated our intei'est and also our determination to some day visit the cranberry growing areas of that state. We chose August to make our first trip. It was not only our first trip to Wisconsin but our first long trip by air. We were thrilled and excited to travel four miles up in the air of the giant Stratocruiser at a speed of 350 miles an hour, to reach our goal. We landed at Minneapolis. Then, at much lower altitude, pror-ecded across the state of Wisconsin. From the eastern part of south Dakota we could s"e the farm's below and as we crossed Minne- sota and Wisconsin we began to realize what is politically called "the farm bloc". It was hard to realize there were so many farm- ers in this lai'd of ours (and we only saw such a small section comparatively speaking.) Over Wisconsin, we began to look for cranberry bogs. . . per- haps we were too far south to see them. . . perhaps it was be- cause the bogs in Wisconsin are green instead of red in August. . . at any rate we did not make out any area that could be identified as a bog. We were impressed with the fact that Wisconsin had a wealth of agricultural resources. From the air it looks prosperous and very 1 eautifrl. We ere met at the Airport by our daughter-in-laws' family. These people made arrangements for us to visit the Allis-Chalni'ers plant on the following day. Here we marveled that the mind of man could invent machines that could operate themselves turning out parts for tractors. . . we followed the assembly line through to the fully completed tractors, and saw one driven off the end of the line every three minutes. The next day found us on the way to Wisconsin Rapids. Mr. House decided he and his wife Esther (Our daughter-in-law par- ents) would take their summer vacation so that they could take us to Wisconsin Rapids and while we looked over the cranberry marshes they would visit relatives. We admired the many family stone and brick hom«s of Milwau- Ten kee. We stopped for a short visit at the Indian Center of Wisconsin Dells. By one o'clock we were all enjoying the hospitality of Mr. and Mrs. Guy Potter at lunch, after which our tour began. Our first marsh was that owned by Jean Nash and brother, the Biron Marsh. We were amazed at the great long "beds" with ditches and high dikes and also the green- ness of the vines. Oregon bogs are all in small "pot holes" with irregular margins. . . we use over head sprinklers and have no need for great storage lakes or rivers. Our friends left us on their trip north. Mr. Potter drove us to the Mengal marsh four miles south of the Rapids. Grassy bogs were also new to us but we noticed the grass when clipped made little or no differense in the amount of crop. At the Dana Tool and Machine shop we saw the Gettsinger pick- ing machine and the new drying kilns. The new picking machine is mostly for water picking and will be used in Wisconsin this fall. None are available for trial in the west. A night's rest and we were off to see the Du Bay Cranberry Company thirty five miles north of the Rapids. This marsh is own- ed by Roy Potter, Ralph Cole, Ted Olsen and Al Bank. Ralph Cole is the manager of the property. This marsh had a fine crop and was beautifully engineered. Vines were deeper and more hardy than those on our own Oregon farm. Weed problem was at a minimum. We traveled to Three Lakes via highway 17 to the Goldsworthy project. This property is 80 acres and planted to Searles berries but frost had cut the crop on July 21st. We were unable to find Mr. Goldsworthy to learn more about his bog. Here we saw that there is a vast area suitable for more plantings but to our western mind it seemed a little late for frost damage. From here to Eagle River then- ce to Manitowish area contains 170 acres of bearing marshes. We were told the estimated crop would run about 150 barrels to the acre. We talked with J. E. Mc- Farland who showed us how the big pumps were operated to save his crop from the frost of July 21st. It surprised us to see how fast that wall of water filled in the side ditches. He has three "beds" of berries that are grown on sand. . . this was also new to our Oregon ideas. The water used to flood this region comes from lakes which are fairly free from weed seed so of course the weed problem was of little consequence. The day was gone so we started to Wisconsin rapids and as we returned we noticed that the good farming land did not extend to the full distance north but grad- ually thined out until there were wooded sections which supplied pulp for the dozen papermills we had passed. On Saturday our trip was south west to Tomah and the bogs which lie between. Among those seen at Cranmoor were Brazeau, Norris and Roland Potter. Time did not permit a lengthy visit anywhere but we did take time to call on Mrs. Amundson who had once been our guest. Her crop is considered on of the finest in the state. The Roland Potter bog is owned joint- ly by Roland and his father, Guy Provld«> Proteetteiv^J^'Ironi Frost and Drought at Cranguyma Fonnt, VUOTO UUUK'lJiSV Of i-OiiVLAND OKKOON JOUiCNAt '*"® ®*''^' *'°'*'' SPREADING oat in an imprenive acra^ in die great North- west, Craagttjma Farios at Long Beach> Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and neces»ry rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler irrigation sys- tem, as appro.ved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Out research and planning departmenfit at your service. Consult us today without obligation. SrWki IntHIn tnoMlia NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES. (S 1 3 W E <.T LAKE ST.. P f O R I A Eleven Potter our host. This is one bog where the owner lives on the marsh in a beautiful new home and where the grandson of Guy will soon conre to live in the old family home and become a fourth generation grower. Hastily we drove back to the Rapids over highway 173 an ok; railway which had been made into a road, twenty seven miles of straight-away. On our return to Wisconsin Rapids we were met again by Mr. and Mrs. House for a tour of the farm land. Mr. House had once been a cow testing agent and his interest was dairying. We were sorry time did not permit the trip to Shell Lake to see the Lewis property. . . but we would like to come back. There is no end of interesting things in the Wisconsin cranberry industry. Sunday night found us back in Milwaukee where we were to take a day of rest and sight seeing, before our plane would take off to carry us to Washington, D. C. and on to the cranberi-y districts of New Jersey and Massachusetts. Summing up our memories of our Wisconsin sojourn we have learned that Wisconsin is a beau- tiful state, that its people an? folks we are glad to know. We learned that cranberry growins- in Wisconsin is very different than Oregon, that we can learn a lol by visiting that State. Wise >n?in has fine dairy stock, many i apff mills, much timber but not lii-;- and tall, like Oregon. Wisconsin has many churches. Catholic .nnd Lutheran predominating. The buildings as a whole are of stone or brick and beautiful to look at . . . Holy Hill near Waupaca was outstanding. We will long remember Wis- consin and are grateful to all those who helped make our visit such a happy occasion. Next month, part 2, New Jersey. If the person who boasts he says only what he thinks, was honest with himself, he probably would say very little. CROP OUTLOOK The unoflficial estimate for the Massachusetts crop is not to be changed much from the August estimate. As we go to press we do not have available reports from other areas. Preliminary U. S. Department of Agriculture, Crop Reporting Sei'v- iee (August 19,) forecast for the nation's cranberry production in 1954 is 978,000 barrels, 19 percent less than last year's i-ecord crop of 1,203,300 bbls. as historically revised, but 24 percent above the 10-year average of 787,300 barrels. Massachusetts is forecast as having the fourth largest on record expected to be 590,000 barrels; well below the largest crop of record of 690,000 barrels in 1953 and also below the harvested crops of 1950 and 1948 but 20 percent above the ten-year average production of 490,000 barrels. Growing conditions for the 1954 cranberryicrop have been favor- able. Damage from spring frost was light and both moisture supplies and temperatures have been favorable to the growth of berries. Vines produced a good bloom and a good set of fruit although somewhat less than in 1953. Following rain^ in late July and early August berries have been sizing well. Several hail storms caused widely-scattered hail dam- age to the crop, but in general the loss of berries was small. Fruitworm damage to berries has been light this season. Repoi'ts indicate that about 60 percent of the crop will be of the Early Black variety; 36 percent Howes, and 4, other varieties. This dis- tribution reflects a slightly lower proportion of Howes than has been the case in most recent years. In 1953 only 55 percent was Early Black and 40 pei-cent Howes. New Jersey is indicated at 75,000 barrels, 33 percent less than last year and 3 percent below average. Frost damage in June and drought in July reduced the set of fruit. A forest fire in lower Burlington County destroyed a number of bogs which totaled about 400 acres. Wisconsin crop is estimated at 225,000 barrels, which is 24 percent below the 1953 crop but 3^ percent above average. The northern counties have better crops than the southern counties where the set was reduced by rain and hail during the blooming period. Washington expects a crop of 58,000 bai-rels in 1954, this being 22 percent less than in 1953, but 51 percent more than the 10-year average production. The season is about two weeks later than usual. Blooming extended over a longer-than-usual period and berry sizes are somewhat uneven. Very little frost damage was I'eported, and a number of bogs frosted out in recent years will have good crops this year. Very few berries will be haiwested before early October. Oregon expectations are for a crop of 30,000 barrels compared with 32,300 in 1953 and the average of 14,500 barrels. In the Coos area frosts did some damage; quite heavy in some bogs but the over-all loss was not too great. Offsetting this in part are the relatively large number oi bogs annually increasing in production. That about 600,000 barrels may be the "normal" crop for Massachu- setts in the near future was pointed out by C. D. Stevens, N. E. Crop Reporting Service, at the annual meeting of the Cape growers on Au- gust 17th. He said he and Dr. C. E. Cross, director, of Mass. Cranberry Station checked on that figure. Dr. Cross early last Spring predicted 600,000 for Massachusetts and about a million for the total production. The Massachusetts estimate this year was based upon reports from 235 growers, more than in recent years, covering about 60 percent of production. These is belief among some that estimate for Massachusetts may be too high, and yield will not come up to the first, early figure. Total crop production has been set by some at nearer 850,000 than 978,000. Twelve M^m^s ISSUE OF SEPT. -OCT. 1954 Vol. 19 - No. 5 & 6 L/^!^'*^'^«*««^?^ A "WEIRED" YEAR THIS has indeed been a most unusual year in the cranberry industry in more ways than one. One freak aspect has been the weather. There have been fi'osts in sev- eral of the areas, although Massachusetts, as this goes to press, has been fortunate. Hail in scattered regions throughout the country has taken some toll. A few unfor- tunate New Jersey growers were damaged by the worst woods fire in that state in many years. Southeastern Massachusetts was hit by the two hurricanes (we suggest a reading of Dr. Chandler's thoughful and careful article upon hurricane damage to vines and fruit.) In New Jersey one grow- er was hit by fires, hail and frost all in a single 12-month. Following the hurricanes in Massachu- setts the weather has been of a kind no one recalls before. Many days of rains, or of dampness have delayed harvesting to a degree never experienced previously. La- bor became somewhat discouraged, but has been in general, sufficient, and picking machines, coming in use more and more each year have been of tremendous assist- ance. The hurricane-soaked cranberry area of Plymouth and Barnstable counties has taken on a "weird" appearance. Deciduous trees which had their leaves blown off by the terrific winds are putting out new, ten- der green-yellow leaves as in spring^ — for the second time this year. Pussy wil- lows are coming out again, forsythia is in bloom, so are peach and apple trees. They look strange, indeed besides conifers and other evergreens which, in many cases, remain a rusty brown, apparently dead. Seaweed, blown up into the skies by the storms, hangs from branches of trees near coastal waters, for all the world like Span- ish moss on live oaks in the Southland. Shipments of berries are being made, how miich is not known, but rail move- ment has been off from previous years up to early October, although much may have gone over the road in trucks. Another "first" in cranberry history since the turn of the century, at least, has been there has been no "opening price," in the usual acepted terms of a designated CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription S3. 00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Wisconsin Rapids Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Bfl,fnstnble County AKrioultur.'.l .\gent f Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHI.EllT P. E. MARUCCl New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey F. 0. B., such as American Cranberry Ex- change, now Eatmor, put out each fall. NCA, which has an estimated 80 percent of production this fall has not set a price Jn the generally accented terms, and ob- jects to the statement there is "no opening" price. Instead its fruit is being sent to markets throughout the country and Can- ada where it is to, "seek its own level," and salesmen can perhaps utilize the local market situation to obtain satisfactory prices. Possible average price has been $3.50 or $14 a barrel (Eastern) with prices of $4 to $5 obtained in some districts. Thirteen "OCEAN SPRAY" CHOOSES CRANBERRY BOY AND GIRL SCHOLARSHIP AWARDS REPLACE QUEEN AT EDAVILLE SATURDAY National Cranberry Association has chosen its last Cranberry Queen, and Miss Lee Saunders of Rochester stepped down from the throne at the annual Cranberry Harvest Festival at Edaville, South Carver, Saturday Sept. 25th. Wisconsin has chosen its queen and there will be a queen from the cranberry section of Oregon. The real "duties" of the queens, of course, is for publicity purposes to increase sales of cran- berries the country over. NCA has adopted a new policy, that of selecting the "Cranberry Boy and Girl of the Year", and then presenting them with schol- arships of 5250.00 each. Chosen this year are Robert A. Clarke, 17, son of Mr. and Mrs. Wilfred H. Clarke of Oldhanr street, Pem- broke; Miss Betty N. Webster, 17, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. R. H. Webster, Berry avenue, Yar- mouth. Both are seniors in the high schools of their respective towns, and they were chosen from ten finalists from high schools in southeastern Massa- chusetts, comprising the cran- berry area. Winners were selected on the basis of purpose, ability and citizenship. All were required to write a composition on the subject, "What Interests Me Most in the Cranberry Industry". Judging took place at Kingston, prior to the Festival. Both winners intend to enter higher education. Mr. Clarke plans to study diesel engineering. Miss Webster plans to enroll at Sim- mons College, Boston to study home economics and fashion de- sign. Both had outstanding repu- tations in high school activities. About 2,500 attended the fes- tival event, special busses running down from Boston. Relatively few cranberry growers were present as they were hard at work harves- ting, attempting to make up lost time due to the rains which had held up picking to an extent prob- ably never before experienced. Chicken barbecue and cranberry sauce was the dinner menu, sei-ved in three relays, beginning at 11:30. Before the official program began at 2:30 there was opportu- nity to witness many cranberry exhibits. Of most interest to cranberry growers was a showing of cran- berry implements, assembled by "Dick" Beattie, Massachusetts State Cranberry Specialist, as- sisted by Ralph Thacher of Hyan- nis. These included the earliest scoops dating from Civil War times up to modern picking ma- chines and a helicopter. There were containers from the old cranberry baiTel up to cellophane packaged fresh fruit of various brands. Especially interesting to women were the cranberry dishes and the garden club cranberry decorations, on display in a tent. Prize for the Miss Jean Griffith of NCA displays the top blue-ribbon cranberry dish at the Cranberry Festival at Edajville. It was a cranberry ice cream, made by Mrs. Milton Wilt of South Harwich. Fourteen best cranberry dish went to Mrs. Milton Welt, South Harwich. This was ice cream, made of cream cheese, whipped cream and whole cranberry sauce. It was prepai-ed in an old-fashioned ice cream- freezer. Second award went to Mrs. Elmer Dotan of Plymouth, cranberry macaroon pie; third to Mrs. Walter Choquette of Paw- tucket, R. I. for cranberry-orange relish drop cookies. There were 29 entrants. Garden club first prize went to Mrs. Miles Lindequist, represent- ing the East Walpole Garden Club; second to Mrs. John Rodgers I L the Germantown Garden Club of Quincy. Abcut 45 small fry engaged in .-V cranberry jelly eating contest; winners in the girls' division being ; tie, J-jjnifor Bright, 10, Cam- 1 '■j(!g'' ind Patiicia Kerrigan, 10, t)f Jamaica Plain. "Buddy" Wing, 7, of Monument Beach, 'oi t- guffed" all in the boys' division to nab top prize. Awards were $5. Grand winner in the biggest berry contest was Chas. St. Sure of Bondon, Oregon. The Contest had 17 entries. The size of the berries and the quality of the fruit was Lxcellcnt. The largest berry was a lot lighter than the winner in 1951, but the entries were closer logether. Those who entered and did not win should not be dis- couraged, all entries were of on1 standing quality. The winner in 1951 was in Oregon and 1952 i'.nd 1953 wore in Massachusetts. Cup count 17, Carlton Barrows, Boston, Mass., 27, berry weight, grams 4.588; McFarlin, Charles S!. Sure, Bandon, Oregon, 28, 4.291, Grand Champ; Mc- Farlin, Mrs. Marion Wilson, Bandon, Oregon, 33, 3.055; Cen- tennial, Carlton Barrows, Boston, Mass., 28, 3.284, Largest Centen- nial; Centenial, Wm. Tomlinson, Jr., Buzzards Bay, Mass., 32, 3.379; Bachelder, Edward Shil- lings, Kingston, Mass., 35, 2.954, Largest Bachelder; Bachelder, William Stillm'an, Scituate, Mass., 3.575; Holliston, Carlton Barrows, Boston, Mass., 29, 3.551, Largest Holliston; Holliston, Wm. Tom- linson, Jr., Buzzards Bay, Mass., 40, 2.866; Howes S. L. Evarts, Madison Conn., 50, 2.544, Largest Howes ;Howes, Waite & Glover, Plymouth, Mass., 50; Howes, Ellen & Anton Makela, Hanson, Mass., 52, 2.443; Howes, Ellen SItilman, Hanson, Mass., 59. Early Black Ellen Sitllman, Hanson, Mass., 42; Early Black, Chet Robbins, Onset, Mass., 45, 2.090; Early Black, Waite & Glover, Plymouth, Mass., 55; Ear- ly Black, Ellen & Anton Makela, Hanson, Mass., 53, 2.293; Early Black, Capt. Fred Bailey, Kings- ton, Mass., 60, 1.955. Mrs. Elthea Atwood, hostess, was presented a huge bouquet of chrysanthums as she welcomed the visitors. Marcus L. Urann, president of NCA gave the address of welcome. Senator Edward C. Stone of Oyter Harbors read the Cranberry Festival Proclamation of Governor Christian A. Herter. "Ken" Dal- ton Brockton radio announcer was master of ceremonies. fe_ Retiring Queen Lee Saunders of Rochester, senior at Wareham High School shows an ancient snap Machine, one of the earliest of "picking machines." (Courier photo) Fifteen Frank P. Crandon Again Heads Cape Cranberry Growers More than 300 cranberry grow- ers and guests, were at the 67th annual meeting of Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association, State Bog, East Wareham, Tuesday, August 17 conducted their business affairs, re-electing Frank P. Cran- don, Acushnet to his second term as president. Three-hundred and twenty-five were sei-ved at the chicken and cranbeiTy barbecue. There was an exhibition of cranberry equipment. Main event of the day, of course, was an address by True D. Morse, U. S. Under-Secretary of Agriculture, in the afternoon. Officers elected besides Mr. Grandon were: first vice president, Arthur M. Handy, Pocasset; sec- ond vice-president, Ferris C. Waite, Hanson; secretary, Gilbert T. Beaton and Mrs. Ruth F. Beaton of Wareham as treasurer. Directors chosen wiere R;obert C. Hammond, East Wareham; Charles Savery, Cotuit; Ralph Thacher, Hyannis; Edward L. Bartholomew, Wareham; Chester Robbins, Onset; Francis Phillips, Plymouth and Lloyd Doane, Chat- ham. Honorary director, Henry J. Franklin, x-etired head of the Station; Chester A. Vose, Marion as honorary member of the asso- ciation. Dr. Chester E. Cross, as dii-ec- tor, welcomed the assemblage and said he hoped those present would inspect the bog. He spoke of the bog which last year produced 800 barrels on 11% acres, and expected a much larger production this fall. He explained that although Drs. Pranklin and Bergman were in retirement, they were usually in -he "Dr. Franklin" room at the ?tation, or engaged in other work ibout the station as formerly. He said he had felt that for a ong time Dr. Bergman had certain theories he wanted to try out on .he bog in regard to winter flood- ng. Last winter, flood was not on nore than 15 days all told — iust at timjes to prevent actual vinter kill, and was not drawn )ff until May 25th. The theoi-y being worked upon now at the State Bog, is that as little winter flooding as possible may increase production. Also three bee keepers each provided 5 hives to the bog as an experiment in increased arti- ficial pollination. Concerning weed control he believed that George Rounsville and Irving Demoranville, under his general supei-vision had conducted more experiments this year than at any time since he came to the Station in 1937. He referred to the grub control work of Prof. "Bill" Tomlinson, Jr., and to a new experiment "imported" from Wisconsin, that of using copper sulphate "Snow", for what, in Wisconsin is called "Star Grass", a specie of cutgrass. Report of Mrs. Beaton, treasurer showed the association to be in excellent financial condition. She reported a bank checking balance on July 31 of $1,835; a cash bank balance of $390.98, S520.87 in frost warning fund and $2,000 in U. S. Savings Bonds. There are 263 paid members. Cranberry Specialist "Dick" Beattie continued with frost warn- ing report, saying that for the first time in a long while this fund was in the black. New subscribers to the service numbered 16 and paid subscribers now total 213. It would not be necessary, he felt, to "import" any help from out of the state, such as the bring- ing in of about 230 Puerto Ricans last spring. State employment bureaus would be set up at usual at Square Deal garage. West Wareham; Plymouth, Brockton and Hyannis. Dr. Dale H. Selling, director of Massachusetts Extension Service, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, said the Station expected to serve the cranberry industry as ^JJ^ 'lii'i>,'i^_Oi^.v.it:i. Even the women are getting interested in ci'anberry harvt'sting machines, us proven by Miss Anna Pratt of Duxbury, "getting the heft" of a Western Picker at the annual meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association. (CRANBERRIES Photo) Sixteen well in the future as in the past, but with a particular emphasis upon marketing and processing in. view of the surplus crops the in- dustry is now having. Other speakers included Alden C. Brett, trustee of the University; ijarlton Pickett, Massachusetts t'arm Bureau; State Senator Ed- ward C. Stone, Osterville; Walter E. Piper, State Division of Mark- eting; Dr. John Haggis, Waltham Field Station. Senator Saltonstall sent a tele- gram of regret at being unable, to be present as did Congressmen Joseph Martin and D. W. Nichol- son. Included in the cranberry equip- ment display were: Western Pick- ers, Inc., E. C. St. Jacques, Dar- lington Picker; J. M. Hackett, Mc- Cullough irrigation punsp; G. A. Stackhouse, tractors; C. Paul Tucy, tractors; Niagara Chemical & Spray Company, Stone & For- syth, containers. Committee in charge of arrange- ments was: Dr. F. B. Chandler, chairman, Mr. Crandon, Mr. Waite, Mr. Handy, G. T. Beaton, Mr. Thacher. Visitors from out of state in- cluded Walter Fort, general man- ager Growers' Cranberry Company, New Jersey and "Jack" Ellis, also of New Jersey. CAPE MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street — Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 Industry Deserves High Credit for Sales and Merchandising Activities True D. Morse, Under Secretary U. S. Department of Agri- culture Tells Cape Cranberry Growers — "There Is No Substitute for Markets." familiar with cranberries as a crop, and knew nothing of their growing, he was familiar with cranberry sauce, he said, and "ate it many more times a year than merely at Thanksgiving." Continuing his direct references to cranberries in his address he said: "Cranberry growers have about doubled yields within the past 20 years. Last year you set a record of 1,203,300 barrels. This shows the great progress you have made in helping insure success by higher yields and a larger volume of busi- ness. Aggressive Cranberry Selling "Aggressive selling and merchan- dising campaigns 'Jiave changed cranberries from a holiday luxury to a year-round staple. Today the market takes 17 to 18 million dol- lars worth of cranberries a year. "Research has helped in the achievement of greater production and expanded markets. Now well over one-half of the crop is canned or otherwise processed; 748,650 barrels in 1953. "Even more intensified selling is needed to move the cranberry crop when abnormal crops are pro- duced. Last year the Department of Agriculture with Section 32 funds spent 1.2 million dollars in diverting supplies from the normal channels of trade and commerce. This is the second time that such assistance has been given. "There is no substitute for mar- kets. You realize this — and deserve high commendation for the way you have helped finance sales pro- motion and merchandising activi- ties. With an indicated smaller crop this year — we expect your aggressive sales program to move the crop at more satisfactory prices. "Consumers want and are using increased quantities of fruit and vegetables." Mr. Morse declared farmers must give consumers what they want in farm products and that this includes quantity, quality, nu- trition and attractive prices; also variety, convenience and eye-and- taste appeal. He struck a note of confidence in saying: "The economic program being enacted by the present Con- gress marks a milestone in con- structive legislation. It will help to reduce unemployment and to stim- ulate enterprise and development in all directions. "The level of business and con- "Within the favorable climate which a sound Government creates — the degree of success of a; farmer will continue to depend on his in- dividual management and farm- ing ability. Each farmer — not the Government — largely controls the extent of his profits. That is as it should be." This was a highlight in the ad- dress of True D. Morse, Under- Secretary of the Department of Agriculture and President of Com- modity Credit Corporation, before the annual meeting August 17th of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation at East Wareham. "The SoMd Future for Agriculture" was the topic of this high government ofi^icial and noted lecturer. Mr. Morse was introduced by Frank A. Crandon of Acushnet, whose efforts were largely re- sponsible for bringing Mr. Morse to this area. Mr. Morse was ac- companied on the trip by Mrs. Morse and they had spent the pre- vious night on the Cape visiting friends. He commented, at a press conference, that he greatly enjoyed the Cape. While he was totally un- ERRJES Seventeen sumer confidence in the economic future is high and improving. Your markets in cranberries, depend more on business in general than in any other factor." Under-Secretary Morsei asserted: President Eisenhower has said: 'We, the American people, stand committed to two far-reaching policies — "First and foremost: We are dedicated to the building of a cooperative peace, based upon truth, justice and fairness. 'Second: To pursue this purpose effectively, we seek the strength- ening of America — and her friends — in love of liberty, in knowledge and comprehension, in a dependable prosperity widely shared, and in a military posture adequate for security.' "If we are to build and maintain the strength required to cope with the problems of this age, we must cooperate one with the other, every section with all others, each group with its neighbors. "This Administration believes that no American — no one group of Americans — can truly prosper un- less all Americans prosper. Markets for Farm Products Will Expand "Consumer spending rose to a new high in the second quarter of this year. Incomes, after taxes, are holding near record levels and ■ consumers are willing to buy. "The 10 percent tax cut and other tax reductions already made or to come will give our people more money with which to buy food and clothing for their families. "Demand for food and other farm products continues high. "Exports of agricultural prod- Statement required by the Act of August 24, 1912, as amended by the acts of March 3, 1933, and July 2, 1946 (Title 39, United States Code, Section 233) showing the ownership, management, and circulation of CRANHFJRRIES, The National Cran- berry Magazine published monthly at Warcham. Massachusetts for October 1954. 1. The names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business managers are: Publisher — Clarence J. F. Hall, Ware- ham. Mass. Editor — Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham. Mass. Managing Editor — Clarence J. P. Hall, Wareham, Mass. Business Manager — Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham, Mass. 2. The owner is: Clarence J. F. Hall, Wareham. Mass, 3. The known bondholders, mortga- gees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: None, CLARENCE J. F. HALL. Sworn to and subscribed before me this twenty-seventh day of September, 1954. (Seal) BARTLETT E. CUSHING. Notary Public. (My commission expires April 6, 1956) Eighteen ucts, after a rapid decline since 1951, have leveled off and show signs of increasing. Exports of cotton, tobacco and other agricul- tural non-food products have ex- panded. "The principal market for American farmers is right here in the United States — we consume about 93 precent of our agricul- tural production. "This profitable American mar- ket will continue to expand as the rapid population upsurge in the United States continues with no end in sight. There are now over 162 million people in this country and we may have 200 million within 18 years. In conclusion he stated: "An election is ahead. Farmers will look at the facts and will not be thrown off balance by demagogues and cheap politicians. They will not be lured down the road lead- ing to social and economic bank- ruptcy by the false lures of those who are vigorously ti-ying to strengthen their own position by capitalizing on the passing diffi- culties of farmers. "We are indeed on unstable foot- ing if the Nation cannot depend upon farmers to know what is right and support what is sound and just. "President Eisenhower selected for Secretary of Agriculture one, of the nation's great agricultural leaders. Ezra Taft Benson knows farming and the problems and op- portunities of agriculture. He is well informed, able, highly pi'acti- cal, honest and has the determi- nation to do what is right. "From all across the nation farmers are expressing appreci- ation for such leadership for Amer- ican agriculture. "Never let adjustment problems blind you to the fact that farming is basic — and a dependable busi- ness. That fact will become more and more apparent as the popula- tion pressure for food increases. The future for agriculture is solid — you can go forward with confidence." OREGON NCA ADVISORY COMMITTEE The Advisory Committee of the National Cranberry Association consisting of Frank Ison, Clarence Zumwalt and Ethel Kranick, met with the Plant Manager, Ed Hughes, Bill Dufort, Supervisor of the Bandon Plant, and National Director, Mae Randall, for the first meeting of the current year, April 15th, at the Bandon Warehouse. It was decided to hold a regular monthly meeting at Bandon the first Friday of each month. Goals and Recommendations A letter from the National Pres- ident indicates that there will be a carry over, and with a big crop looming for 19544 it is imperative that only high quality berries be accepted for either fresh or canned berries. We will use only the best berries for fresh but will sell as many aawe can. The Committee recommends that caution be used in applying fertil- izer, since too much fertilizer makes for tender berries that may not be acceptable. The Committee also recommends that growers bring in any sug- gestion for improved service from their cooperative. Growers are invited to inspect the new Bandon Grading Plant. The Committee recommends that more information be given the growers. This bulletin is the first. The Committee will work to as- sist the management in every way possible to solve grower relations problems. The management will in turn keep the Advisory Committee informed of any new developments. Orders for supplies may be turned in at the Bandon Plant. Pipe and fittings will be delivered from the Coquille Plant. Members who want irrigation supplies, srays or fertilizers, should get their orders in soon. It's not surprising that nnany men live by their wits — the surprising thing is how little some people can live on. Nothing in life gives so much satisfaction as to accomplish something without aid from any- one. Greater Comfort . . . Greater Fuel Savings with Coleman Oil MtrnmniW Gas FLOOR FURNACES ROBY'S INC. Distributors Heating Oils & Bottled Gas Tel. Carver 95-2 80,000 Attend Wisconsin's "Cranboree" The normal tranquil city of Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin be- came a scene of wonders during the 6th annual Cranboree, Sep- tember 17, 18 and 19. A press of visitors, officially estimated at 80,000 was in attendance at the mamoth paade on Sunday, the 19th. Perfect weather held for the events, which are presented under the sponsorship of the Wisconsin Rapids Junior Chamber of Com- nrerce. The parade took exactly two hours to pass the reviewing stand. There were bands of all kinds, drum and bugle corps, more than 2,000 musicians taking part in a massed finale. There were 30 huge animated balloons including a 110- foot long Griffin entered by the First National Bank of Wis- consin Rapids. There were clowns ana scores of floats. There was a magnificant display of blooded horseflesh. The theme of the rid- ing was Western-rodeo. A Brahma bull placidly pulled a racing sulky. Thirty thousand free servings of cranberry sherbet were served to children and all comers. A big black bear who "happened" to be present at the Cranboree was also fed sherbet. Reigning over the entire cele- bration was Miss Audrey Tork, the new 1954 queen. She was chosen from five finalists. Miss Tork, a brunette, is enrolled in the liberal arts course at Mar- quette University and intends to became a dental hygenist. She is five feet, 6 inches tall, weighing 126 pounds. She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Walter Tork of Wisconsin Rapids. Her sports are swimming and water skiing. She received numerous gifts. All elev- en contestants, including the fi- nalists received jewelry or flowers. Present at the Cranboree were Miss Dixie Ann Sarchet, former Wisconsin queen who was "Miss Wisconsin" at the Atlantic City Miss America Contest, and others of the previous six Wisconsin queens. Friday evening, the 17th saw the Cranboree Coronation ball and in the afternoon the Kiddie Kos- tume Kavalkade. Saturday brought free fire engine rides for children; Old-Timers' reunion, Cranboree pie baking contest; Wild West Rodeo acts. At 6:45 P. M. there began the "Bananoree" Parade the most "insane" burlesque frolicing of the entire Cranboree. Other events took place at 8 and the day ended with the National Cranboree Hoe- down, at Memorial Armory, spon- sored by the National Guard. Trail CRANBERRIES Editor's note: It had been our iintention to be present at the Cranboree and to write our own CRANBERRY GROWERS, Inc. Mead -Witter BIdg. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin ONE ■ WAY LOW - LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT-LINE PUMPS This is the simplest Trufant pump setup— just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountam or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN See COLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-t1 North Carver, Mass. Nineteen story and take our own photo- graphs. However, the following appearing in the Wisconsin Rapids Daily Tribune, Sept., 18, by Wnr. F. Huffman, Jr., to whom we are indebted for photographs and in- formation tells the story: "Clarence Hall has had more than the usual amount of trouble lately. But it took that much trouble to keep the Wareham, Mass., magazine and newspaper publish- er from traveling all the way to the Wisconsin cranberry counti-y from the Cape Cod cranbeiTy country. Hall puts out "Cranberries", the national magazine for the cranberry industry and he intend- ed to be in Wisconsin Rapids right now for the National Cran- boree festival. He couldn't make it, however. And here in Hall's words is why: "Our office was swept by a 5- foot tidal wave of salt water in the New England hurricane of Aug. 31. You can imagine what that amount of salt water can do to equipment of every description, which includes your office sup- plies and records". Hall, who also publishes the Wareham Courier newspaper, was caught in Hurricane Carol, which devasted the New England area several weeks ago, killing more than 54 persons and causing mil- lions of dollars in property dam- age. He goes on: "We are digging out pretty well and will have things back in oper- ation in time, I think. In the meantime, we are having the Courier pictures made in one city, the type set in a second and the printing done in a third, but we are publishing. This is the second time we have been washed out, so we know about what to do. How would you like to force open your desk drawer and find a dead had- dock in It? "Of course, that is a slight ex- aggeration but salt water can sure raise havoc, as you can ap- preciate. "Hope you have a very success- ful Cranboree and I may be able to make it another year". Many failui-es have occurred just because a man hesitated to put his best foot forward for fear of stubbing his toe. Wisconsin's New Queen Audrey Tork. Twenty Jersey Growers HoEd Summer R^eslmg Edward V. Lipman of New Brunswick, N. J., presided over a gathering of eighty cranberry growers and friends at the August 26th meeting of the American Cranberry Growers and friends at the August 26th meeting of the American Cranberry Grower's As- sociation. The morning meeting was held in Pemberton, and after luncheon there was a tour of ex- perimental plots at Whitesbog and a shop demonstration of the Dar- lington cranberry picker. During the morning meeting Philip E. Marucci gave the evi- dence of the excellent control of tipworm, cranberry scale, and sparganothis fruitworm secured when kerosene is used in the spring for killing weeds. Robert S. Filmer presented charts on the blossoming and fruiting habits of the Early Black variety of cran- berry, with comparative records on pollination and fruit set for two consecutive years. During the afternoon tour Eugene H. Varney showed large series of field plots where it was evident that fruit rot was setting in on unsprayed plots, while plots sprayed with various fungicides are still sound and healthy. Chas. A. Doehlert led the group through a series of 33 fertilizer plots where growers observed that the areas receiving 7-7-7 fertilizer were plainly superior to those re- ceiving either 0-14-14 or 3-12-6 and also, quite naturally, to those receiving no fertilizer for the last three years. Martin T. Hutchinson showed a series of plots on chem- ical weed control in which one substance, amino triazole, shows excellent promise of a much need- ed method for controlling the very bothersome cranberry weed called red root. Thomas Darlington ex- plained new features of his cran- berry picking machine, which is now being manufactured by the Hayden Separator Co. for growers in the various cranberry states. ^*^"'flWJ»«'^'-«nrft«'sNS * mr^'^^rsfuss^'^f^^ii^^f^^^^^'sm^^if^^if^ Pie- Lure No. 1 shows a part oj the group filing past the fertilizer plots at Whitesbog. You can see Joe Palmer in the. foreground; the fifth man behind him is Allison Scammell and the fourth man behind Scammell is Dr. John W. Shive, former plant physiologist of the N. J. Experiment Station. Following him are William S. Haines and Isaac Harrison. The fourth man behind Palmer, in the plaid shirt, is Otto Kunkel, son of Dr. L. O. Kunkel of the Rockefeller Institute. Picture No. 2 is yours truly adressing a group of the men at the entrance to teh same fertilizer plots. Picture No. 3 shows Dr. Martin T. Hutchinson pointing out one of the chemical weed killer treatments in his experiments at Whitesbog. Dr. Hutchinson is really a gentle person and does not look nearly so dangerous as the picture happens to show him. Reading from left to right, the people in this picture are Theodore Szymanski, Daniel M. Crabbe, John W. Haines, Dr. Hutchinson, R. B. Scudder, Austin Bozarth, Albert Andrews and Mr. Kolbye. Twenty-one NEW JERSEY NOTES Weather during September in the cranberry area of New Jersey was generally favorable. The tem- perature averaged 67.5°F., only 0.7° cooler than normal. Rainfall totalled 6.53 inches, most of which (5.0.3 inches) fell in the wake of hurricane Edna on Sept. 10-11. Harvesting during the first part of September was greatly impeded by wetness due to light rainfalls and very heavy dews, but hai-vest conditions were generally good during the latter part of September and early Oct- ober. As of October 6th the cran- berry harvest was slightly behind that of 1953. Light frosts ocurred on some bogs on the 23rd and 24th but flooding was not necessary and no damage resulted. Cranberry scale continues to be a puzzle on N. J. bogs. Practically all major infestations have died Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers * * * REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER in stock :ti * ;it Construction Grade Redwood Spruce Fir Hardware Paints Roofing E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middleboro Rd. E. Freetown Tel. No. Roch. 75 Cambridge St. Middleboro Tel. 1123 STOKE & FORSYTH COMPANY Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVEREH, MASS Tel. EV 7 - 1240 - 1241 - 1242 Twenty-two out naturally. In general there was less scale in 19.54 than in 1953, but at least one bog had a very great increase of this insect. SEVEN ENTRANTS FOR OREGON CRANBERRY QUEEN Seven girls have been selected by as many sponsors for the an- nual cranberry queen contest at Bandon, Oregon. The event will be held October 22 under the di- rection of Bandon Lions Club. Girls and their sponsors are: Joyce Edwards, Bandon Woman's Club; Sally Gladf elder, American Legion, Post 28 and its Auxiliary; Darlene Allen, Veterans of For- eign Wars and Auxiliary; Caro- lyn Moody, Randolph Community Club; Margaret Olson, South- western Oregon Cranberry Club; JoAnn Fellows, Parkersburg Com- munity Club; Jeanette Thompson, Langlois Sportsman Club and Floras-Willow Club. PLANT OPERATING The new National Cranberry Association grading plant at Bandon is ready to handle both wet and dry berry grading. Bill Dufort is in charge. He will also act as inspector for berries. Every effort is being made to turn out the finest grade of berries pos- sible for both fresh and canned. SHARON BOX COMPANY, Inc. Established 1856 Sharon, Massachusetts Phones — Sharon 2011 - 2012 Spruce Planking for Building Flumes Repairing Flumes Wheelbarrow Sanding Special 10" plank for Jalopy Sanding Eatmor Packing Cranberry Sauce This ¥al\_ Processor is Morris April Bros., Cranberry Growers of New Jersey. Town Advertising Agency of 1420 Walnut St., Philadelphia an- nounces that Eatmor cranberry sauce in cans is being packed by Morris April Brothers, Bridgeton, New Jersey. An Eatmor cranberry sauce division has been established to market the new product. The line makes available both a strained and a whole-berry sauce. The Eatmor name in fresh fruit has been well known for about 50 years. For some years, Morris April Brothers has produced cranberry sauce under its own "April Or- chards" brand, and for several pri- vate lables. Production of these brands will continue. The April firm is described as the Garden State's largest shippers of fresh fruits and vegetables. It operates extensive apple and peach orchards and cranberry bogs. In 1948, in the center of many bogs, April Brothers at the head of the Tuckahoe river in Cape May county, a modern plant was built. In six years, as packers of cran- berry sauce the firm has come to be the second largest processor of cranberries in the world, Town announces. Marketing plans call for a pro- gram of radio, TV, magazine and newspaper advertising in addition to pointing-of-sales merchandising. Promotion is geared to making cranberry sauce a year-round item. The Town Advertising Agency has been named marketing coun- sel and advertising agency for the account. Although such a service is considered unusual in most client-agency relationships. Town assumes all responsibilities for sales efforts it declares. It will se- lect and appoint brokers through- out the country in addition to handling all advertising, merchan- dising and promotional work. FEDERAL GRAND JURY SITTING ON CRANBERRY CASE A Federal Grand Jury is sitting in Boston on charges of alleged monopoly within the cranberry in- dustry in Southeastern Massachu- setts. The suit is being brought by the anti-trust division of the U. S. Department of Justice. A number of witnesses have already been heard and the court action is expected to take several weeks. ADVERTISE IN CRANBERRIES C. & L Equipment Co. ACUSHNET, MASS. THE C&L CRANBERRY VINE PRUNER It's built for the job and therefore does that job efficiently and economically the way you want it. If you want to thin your vines, it does it and does it right. If you want to cut runners, and only runners, it does it and does it right. These machines can be rented, you using your own operator, or the C&L Company will do the work. THE C&L EQUIPMENT COMPANY For further information contact either — F. P. CRANDON 1191 Main Street Tel. Roeheater 89-3 H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Tel. New Bedford 3-4332 Twenty-t&ree Is your good "friend" any month in the year. It is an especially valuable aid in October, when the daylight hours are shortening and you are busy with your screening and shipping. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM • '#■ TEL 200 PLYMOUTH TEL. 1300 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries h-im:. 20' Full ri*aHn| RmI TA' Rotary Snow Thr*w*r Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. SKur-Rane 400 Coupitt Your SHUR- RANE Dealer FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridge^vater Phone E. B. 8-2761 J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. L,awn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. c«. Twenty- four CRANBERRIES- however America prefers them, packed by— Ocean Spray National Cranberry Association THE GROWERS' COOPERATIVE Hanson, Massachusetts '"^Sf^W^s,^ atmor mm AMERICA'S BEST KNOWN BRAND HELPS YOU SELL MORE FRESH CRANBE IS- --i X. v RETAILERS KNOW EATJ^OR! PACA License No. 1 means the Eatmor name has been pounded home to Retailers all over the country longer and harder than any other cranberry brand. They'll go for it because they know it "goes" for them! NATIONAL ADVERTISING HAS SOLD MRS. AMERICA ON EATMOR Through the years American housewives have been sold and resold on Eatmor fresh cranberries. And we're moving into the season ahead with a hard hitting merchandising and point of sale promotion program. THERE'S A PROFITABLE SEASON WAITING FOR YOU AS AH EATMOR DISTRIBUTOR atiiKX' ©,1954 144 W. 14th Place, Chicag /--4/'~"CRANBERRY J WEEK NOVEMBER 1-8 SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY MASSA CAPE COD HEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON What would Thanksgiving be without turkeys and cranberry sauce (CRANBERRIES Photo) 30 Cents November 1954 SERYINQ ,XHE CRANJB«SKY.,INDUSTR\ Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard E ectric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES E-xpert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS Hall & Cole Established 1S48 Incorporated Commission Merchants and Jobbers 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES Car Lot Receivers Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 EQUIPMENT HAYDEN SEPARATOR WAREHAM MASS PUMPS IRRIGATION SPRINKLER SHUR-RANE PIPE RAINBIRD HEADS DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES The Nationa Be Conveniently locate ink of Wareham d for Cranberry Men Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bofs and Pumps Means Satistaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. T.l. «26 Funds always avail able for sound loans Complete Ba nking Service ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES Member l'''eclt'ral Dt pusit ]nsiir;iTU-c ('ofp- DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROVVEFJ^ HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pnmpi MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. ArlinKton 74, Ma». T*l. AR S-6100, B- "' / A2USA, CALIFORNIA ^ , ,.; RAINY SPRJNnLER SALES, 1633 west IAKE ST., PEORIA S, III. Six The Effect of Hailstones F. B. Chandler Hailstorms have caused consider- able dama£^e to cranberries in the past and according to Dr. Frank- lin (Mass. Bui. 402, p. 28-30, 1943) have usually occurred in a rather definite hail center. This year Mas- sachusetts has had at least five hailstorms, each of which was gen- erally outside the "hail region." On the whole, these storms did not do as much damage as some in previous years. All of the storms occurred after the blossoming per- iod, therefore the uprights were woody and only a few uprights were broken. In the past the hail storms have been earlier in the season and nearly all of the up- rights bave been broken off in some bogs. In some hailstorms many of the berries have been knocked off the vines but this year the number of berries removed was not extremely high. Foliage damage was also slight. The greatest damage from hail is the scarred fruit. There may be several marks on a berry and as many as ten "hits" by hail were found on a few berries on bogs where stones from two storms had fallen. The marks on the fruit may be small or large and they may be circular or very long and narrow (see pictures). Generally it is easy to distinguish hail marks from mechanical injury and rot. The skin of the berry around the hail injury usually develops a lit- tle red pigment before the rest of the berry begins to color. The center of the hail injured spot is usually a darker brown than a spot resulting from rot or mechan- ical injury. Cork almost always develops below the skin of the fruit where the hail has made an injury. Cork can be identified by cutting a thin slice of the skin in the injured area where a few dry brown cells will be found. Rot will be wet, with little evidence of cell structure. Mechanical injury var- ies with the time lapse since the injury, but does not appear like hail. Counts of the number of berries which have been hit with hail may be made any time from the time of the storm up to harvest. How- ever, it is best to determine the amount of injury as soon as pos- sible after the storm. Studies of this kind in one field showed from location to location from 49 to 73 percent of the berries hit. The weighted average of seven sam- ples taken by a hail insurance ad- juster was 64.29 percent. There- fore a company writing hail in- surance would pay 64.29 percent of the amount of the insurance coverage. The percent of berries hit probably will be a function of the vine density and whether the berries are top berries or not. y^ # '« Hail injury to cranberries. Enlarged to IVe times normal size. Seven Cranberry uprights enlarged to IV2 times. Berry on left and right sides has been cut to show hits on both sides. These conditions will also influence the number of berries which are knocked off the vines. It is fortunate for cranberry growers that there is relatively little rot followin'j- hail irjury. The cranberry skin is verv tough and the only chance of infecting cran- berries with rot is through a break in the skin. Fruit with hail marks can not be sold as fresh fruit be- cause of its appearance, likewise it will make unattractive whole sauce. Therefore, cranberry grow- ers whose crops are insured will receive from the company a pay- ment which is the product of the percentage of berries hit and the amount of insurance carried. Prob- ably most of the fruit can be sold for canning as strained sauce. A 7-minute movie, entitled "Black Power" tells the story of coal's contributions to modern life, and is currently showing in the- atres throughout the nation. Eight Crop Report After-harvest reports from Mas- «"fhusetts growers indicate a crop '■" that state of 585,000 barrels, down 20.000 from the October esti- mate. This is the November 15th T-^tense of the U. S. Crop Reportin-; Service. Production this year is 15 per- cent less than that of last y?ar's record crop of 690,000, but is 19 percent larger than the ten-year average produ-rticn of 490,000 bar- rels. October weather was moder- ately favorable for the completion of the cranberry harvest, except for freezing temperatures on the morning of the 7th. In spite of large supplies for water flooding of a limited quantity of berries ivns reported from the freeze. Growers reported berries shattered or dropped from the vines more than usual, some of which were not recovered. Due to the delay in harvest in September, caused by stormy weather, berries are more mature than usual this year. Color is reported unusually good, and size of berries as larger than us- ual. Shrinkage in screening and keeping quality are reported as about average. The United States production is now estimated at 937,500 barrels, compared with 1,20-3,300 barrels in 1953 and the ten-year average of 787,000 barrels. Harvest was com- pleted by November 1, except in Washington and Oregon where picking still continues in mid- November. The New Jersey crop picked out heavier than indicated on October first. The Wisocnain estimate of 220,000 barrels shows no change from October first. Washington and Oregon declined during October, mainly because of small-sized berries as a result of poor growing conditions. A freeze late in October ca,used some dam- age. ■>** ; I iiliii ' Eatmor Cranberry Sauce Division of April Brothers reviewed their season's sales to date on October 29 when Morris April (center) checked out the sales and shipments to that date with Clarence Searles, (right) President of' Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. and Theodore Budd, a member of Eatmor's Executive Committee. Sales and shipments to this date exceed eed 250,000 cases — more than half of the 500,000 cases quota the Eatmor Sause Division set as their goal to be sold by January 1st. TV Cranberry Show From Boston, Mass, The "Down to Earth" program of "Joe" Brown, in charge of Ex- tension Service, Brockton, Mass., Saturday, Nov. 13 from a Boston TV station, WBZ featured cran- berries. Mr. Brown was in chai'ge of the production. On it appeared "Dick" Beattie, State Cranberry Specialist, Raymond Morse, West Wareham, cranberry grower. Miss Jean Griffith and Miss Betty Buchan of National Cranberry Association. First, various cranberry dishes were prepared which showed sauce dishes by both NCA and Eatmor. Then old cranberry scoops were shown as contrasted with modern picking machines, the Western Picker and the Tom Darlington. Then came a packaging view with Beattie and Morse demonstrating how a pound of fresh berries is put up in cellophane. As both were rather inexperienced in the oper- ation of the machine, a Speedie, manufactured by Paul L. Karl- strom Company of Chicago, more berries fell on the floor than into the one-pound 'cello package. However, this only added to the merriment of the program. A great deal of preparation went into the staging of this program. (Editor's note: "Dick" Beattie was so nervous the night before the show that Mrs. Beattie put him to bed at 8:45 with a cup of hot cocoa. But, being an ai-dent foot- ball fan, "Dick" was back in Ware- ham in time to see Wareham High's undefeated football team, score a decisive victory over Fair- haven, one of the state's great high school teams.) '* package deals" This, the era of "package deals" has not found the insurance industry lacking. With one or two properly written policies, you can protect yourself from almost any con- ceivable loss. We have the experience and ability to tailor the coverage to suit your needs. Eben A. Thacher Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0830 Nina Cranberry Grower's Daughter Is Chosen Bandon, Oregon Queen Queen Margaret I. daughter of Mi Oregon. aiul Mrs. Jim Olson of Bandon, For the first time in the eight- year history of the Bandon (Ore- gon) cranberry festival the daugh- ter of a cranberry grower was chosen Queen. She is Miss Mar- garet I. Olson, 17, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. "Jim" Olson of Ban- don. The Olsons are well known to many of the nation's growers as they have visited the cranberry areas. The festival was hailed as the best one yet. It was held October 22, 23. Ten Queen Margaret was chosen over 7 other entrants. She was spon- sored by the Southwestern Oregon Cranberry Club. Bandon was blessed with a perfect fall day for the parade on the 22nd and the streets were lined for blocks with spectators. The Queen's float this year was built like an old-fashioned surrey with garlands of cranberries used for the fi-inge decoration. There were nearly 20 floats in the line of march. First prize in the civic, fraternal and high school division went to the Bandon High seniors with a float depicting "Treasure Island," this featuring a palm tree beneath which a treasure chest filled with cranberries was partially buried in the simulated sand. A total of 142 entries were ex- hibited in the "Cranberry Fair," ■ and included in the entries was a cranbeiTy catsup made by Mrs. Paul Colgrove. She won more blue ribbons than any other exhibitor. In the two annual football games in the Cranberry Bowl the Ban- don High School Tigers senior and junior teams defeated the senior and junior teams of Coquille High School. 1955 FARM INCOME TO BE SAME AS 1954 Agricultural exports have ber declining and carryovers from thv. large production year after year have been increasing. The Com- modity Credit Corporation, in carrying out farm price support programs, has purchased large quantities of certain commodities in an eflFort to stabilize prices. This Government corporation now holds large quantities of such items as wheat, cotton, butter, cheese, etc. In spite of these programs, farm prices have fallen sharply in the last two to three years. Nationally, farm prices now are about 20 percent below the level of "all commodities other than farm products" on a 1947-49 base. In eff'ect, farmers' earnings both in New Jersey and nationally have fallen sharply while industrial prosperity has continued at near re;ord levels, Professor Carncross asserts. High industrial prosperity will be favorable for the demand for agri- cultural products in 195. A high level of farm production antici- pated for 1955 and the large carry- overs of certain products will 'ikely add up to little price chant READ CRANBERRIES ADS ditMals ISSUE OF NOVEMBER 1954 Vol, 19 - No. 7 L/ T!^'*"^'^''*^^ ALICE IN WONDERLAND AS this goes to press we feel rather like Alice in Wonderland. It is a strange, strange cranberry world — and entire world for that matter — that we are living in. First we would recommend the arti- cle by "Dick" Beattie in its usual space in this magazine that the idea of water-raking in Massachusetts is under experimentation and may be recommended, at least for cer- tain bogs in that state. We had always thought until new, that was a special pero- gative of Wisconsin. Second, as this is being written Nov- ember 5th, there are still half a dozen Massachusetts bogs still unpicked and a frost warning is being sent out this night. Third, we recommend highly careful reading of the article by Dr. F. B. Chandler upon hail and its damage to berries. This well may have a general application in all areas. This as we said last month, has truly been a weird year in cranberry culture. WE wonder what kind of a winter we are going to have, the rest of this month, December, January, February and a part of March. We do not know as to what the famed Old Farmer's Almanac has to say about the coming months has to do with weather in Wisconsin and on the West Coast and for that matter in New Jersey. But it is not encouraging for we in New England. We are in for plenty of cold, at one point "cruel cold," full storm and high tides in January. In February high winds and a blizzard is forecast. In March we can look forward to floods. Is there anything prettier than a full harvest moon as it comes up over the trees on a frosty night? Especially if it reflects o nwater as it does from our house. It makes you wonder who put the moon there and why? There must be order in the Universe. CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM. MASSACHUSETTS Subicription tS-OO per year Advertiiinv ratea upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Wisconsin Rapids Washin gton — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey Here is Thanksgiving ready to come up. May you all have as thankful a Thanksgiving as did our Pilgrim fore- fathers. They ate of venison, wild fowl, eels, succotash, wild berries. They drank beer and played at games. The Indians were their invited guests. They made merry for more than a single day. Eleven The City of Bees Editor's Note: With greatly in- creased use of lioneybees for pol- lination, the industry over, with apparently assisting in increasing production, the following is re- printed from "Gleanings in Bee Culture," through the suggestion of the Busy Bee Farm, South Weymouth, Mass. Bees, apparent- ly are "interesting people," and there are doubtless many facts in the material concerning bees which you did not know before.) The City the Bees Live In A colony of bees is a little city in itself. It has regular streets and alleys for the passage of its inmates and those streets are kept clean. In some respects it is like the human kind but in another way it is organized on a different scheme that has for its goal the survival of the fittest. The bee city is air cooled, or more exactly "air conditioned," in hot weather. The temperature in- side is always the same no matter how oppressively hot it is outside. It is thought that for thousands of years bees have known and used the science of ventilation and air conditioning. In the bee city there is no mayer or city manager, no city council, no political boss and while there is a queen she does not direct its policies nor its destines. Never- theless in all the realm of nature there is not a more efficient or- ganization. Its police force is the best in the world — not for regula- ting the inmates of the city, but to keep out the burglars, the thugs and the racketeers. Let one of these approach the gates of the city, and, be it the naughty boy or one of its own kind, he or she will be so severly ti'eated that they will retreat in utter rout. The inmates are all for one and one for all. There is perfect co- operation and unity of action. There are no jealousies, no strifes for political preferment, no unions and no strikes. They co-operate and do not fight among themselves. They are intensely partiotic, and if need be will fight their enemies. Their prowess is not questioned by any living thing that creeps, walks, or flies. Even man has a most wholesome respect for them. Their scheme for the division of labor is hte best in the world. Every worker knows her precise job and does it without being told or shown by a superior, for there is no superior. In this bee city there is no un- employment problem. Nor is there any unemployment or old age pen- sion. None is needed. The popula- tion of this bee city is carefully regulated to the seasons and the amount of work to be done. This means of course, a perfect scheme of birth control. When depression or a bad season comes the bee city stops raising more babies. When there is danger of the city starv- ing the control bees will dump the half -grown babies (bees in the lar- val form) out at the city gate to die. If any of the ful grown young- sters are crippled, sick or not fully developed, they too, are shoved out of the city to die. In addition to all this, the old workers whose wings are worn out by toil are made to leave the city. If they do not go out voluntarily they are kicked out. "What is the use," they say, "of raising a lot of babies or cripples and keeping a lot of old folks that can't work anymore?" To feed the unborn and those that can't work might mean that all would starve. 5very one works but father (the drone), and even he is ruthlessly kicked out when his services are no more needed. If the queen does not rule or boss, what does she do? She lays all the eggs, one or two thousand a day, and if she falls down on the job she, too, is kicked out and another takes her place. The slo- gan is efficiency. If you don't work or can't keep up your end of the job in that bee city you shall not eat and so the halt, lame and in- efficient must die that others may live; and so the slaughter of the innocents goes on. This, in short, is the political economy of the bee city. In some respects it may be emulated by man. In others, it is too cruel and heartless. Meet the Folks in "Bee City" There are from 30,000 to 75,000 inmates in the bee city known as a "colony." Role of the Queen Normally there is but one queen bee in a colony or city. As a rule, two queens do Tiot get along peacefully in the same city at the same time. One usrally kills the other. Queen mother and queen daugh- ter may, however, live peaceably together for some weeks; but mother-in-law and daughter-in- law, never. When two queen bees start fight- ing they not only try to sting each other, but they will pull each other's hair in real woman fashion. The queen stings only a rival queen. A queen-bee can lay her own weight of eggs in one day. She will lay, in the first two months in the spring, from 300 to 1000 eggs in a day; and in the next month, or just before the main honey flow, she may lay 2000 eggs a day. Sne can be the mother of 100,000 work- ers (undeveloped females) in one bee-hive. If the old bees did not die off at the age of a month or six weeks in the height of the honey flow she might have twice that number. The same egg that will produce a queen will produce a worker-bee in 21 days. The larva of the work- er-bee is fed a coarser food by the nurse bees in the hive and for that reason it is not developed into a perfect female like the queen and not so quickly. In this way the bees can of their own will produce either a queen-bee or a worker bee from one and the same egg. The Workers The life of a worker-bee in the Northern States, where the winters are cold, may be six or eight months, extending over the less ac- tive season of the year— fall, win- ter and early spring. But a worker-bee hatched just at the honey-gathering season in summer is likely to wear out its wings and life in a few weeks in the intense work of filling the hive with honey. It often falls exhausted outside the hive and there dies. If it does not leave the hive the younger bees push it out of the hive as of no further use. If the old bees attempt to go back the young ones without gratitued or conscience, pick them up, carry them on the wing perhaps half a mile and then drop them. They can't walk back. They can't fly back, and so they die. TwelvB Drene Has No Father A drone, which is a male bee, has no father; but strange to say, he always has a grandfather (a maternal grandfather). The queen- bee lays an unfertilized egg to pro- duce a drone — a clear case of par- thenogenesis, or virgin birth. The drone-bee is not permitted by the worker-bees ever to live more than one summer season. He dies after mating with the queen, or is driven out of the city or killed by the worker-bees at the close of the honey-gathering sea- son to save boarding him. He is a happy loafer, never working, al- ways fed by others, a regular "man about town," until fall comes — and then suddenly nobody cares for father. The drones are always killed off or starved by the bees themselves after the main honey flow unless the hive is queenless or has an unmated queen. Must Fly Three Times Around the World to Collect a Pound of Honey Actual weighings have shown that it takes about 20,000 bees to bring in a pound of nectar, which will make about one-fourth as much honey. It would, therefore, take 80,000 bees to bring in enuogh nectar, when evaporated and modi- fied by bees, to equal a pound of honey. It has been estimated that it takes 80,000 more bees to evapo- rate and modify four pounds of nectar into honey. According to these figures it takes 160,000 bees to gather and prepare a pound of honey in a given period of a few hours or a day. WORKER The average flying distance for a bee-load may be a mile and a half. If one bee could gather enough nectar (four pounds) to make one pound of honey it would have to make 80,000 trips of one mile each or fly a distance equal to more than three times around the globe. Why Honey in Place Of Other Sweets The sweet found in flowers is not honey, but similar to sweetened water. It is called nectar. Honey is the nectar of flowers, gathered, evaporated, and modified by bees. QUEEN Nectar, or the sweet as it is found in the flowers, is chemically the same as can sugar, but when the bees store it in their combs and seal it over, it is converted into real honey, consisting of what is known as invert sugar, or about equal parts of levulose and dex- trose, which means that it is in such a form that it can be absorbed without change in the human sys- tem. DRONE Honey is much the same as the sugar that is found in most fruits. It contains besides levulose and dextrose, mineral elements such as iron, lime, sodium, sulphur, magne- sia, and phosphoric acid, so neces- sary to our human bodies. Refined cane sugar has none of these elements; and if any of them were present originally they would be lost in refining. Before cane sugar can be absorbed into the human body it must be inverted by the digestive process into a sugar like honey. Indian Trail CRANBERRIES CRANBERRY GROWERS, Inc. Mead -Witter BIdg. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin WE ARE STANDING BY AT YOUR SERVICE IN THE SPRING I^HE C&L EQUIPMENT COMPANY For further information contact either — F. P. CRANDON 1191 Main Street H. 191 C. LEONARD Leonard Street Thirteen Make Mine Water (EDITOR'S NOTE: All who grow things have an interest in water — but cranberry growers more so than most agriculturalists, we use a lot of it for a number of purposes. The following is a dissertation upon water by Dr. Clarence A. Discher, New Jersey, reprinted from "Report from Rutgers," by permission.) Ordinary water is really pretty extraordinary stuff. So exti'aordi- nary in fact that its very qualities are one of the factors that permit man to exist on earth. That fact — and several thousand others about water — are ones that Rutgers Dr. Clarence A. Discher loves to tell people about. As an associate professor of chemistry at the Newark CoIl«g« of Arts and Sciences of The State University, he knows whereof he speaks when he points out things like these: Water's abiKty to go from a liq- uid to a gas and take considerable body heat with it makes it possible for us to maintain uniform body temperature during hot spells and sustained exercise. If, for example, humans had benzene in their sys- tems instead of water, they would have to carry around seven times the amount of liquid to do the same job. Water's specific heat — the large amount of warmth necessary to produce a given temperature in- crease in water as compared with other liquids — is the answer to the problem of why it is warmer a ironth or so after the first day of summer, the time when the most direct rays of the sun shine on the earth. The heat required to warm the tremendous amounts of water in our surrounding oceans and lakes is so great that the warmth of the most direct days of the sun are absorbed in this manner, thus cool- ing the air. So even though the sun reaches the earth with more in- tense heat on June 21, it is not until sometime later in the year when the effect of raising ocean and lake water temperature has been overcome, that the atmos- phere is appreciably affected. Conversely, in winter water acts as a storehouse of heat. We would expect the coldest weather on Dec. 21 when the least warmth comes from the sun. But it takes a large amount of cold to bring the hemis- Fourteea phere's water temperatures down and the coldest weather is therefore postponed about a month into mid- January. Water's surface tension, a prop- erty best illustrated by the rise of liquid up a wick, is very strong as compared with most other fluids. This characteristic is vitally im- portant in agriculture especially during dry spells when the precious fluid must get up to thirsty roots from greater and greater distances the longer the drought is pro- longed. Water acts contrary to the gen- eral rule that a liquid substance grows more dense and thus heavier as it freezes. This also affects our climate. If water were to grow more weighty as ice, it would sink to the bottom of a lake. With ice at the bottom unable to insulate the unfrozen water, the entire lake Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers * * * REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER in stock * * * Construction Grade Redwood Spruce Fir Hardware Paints Roofing E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middleboro Rd. E. Freetown Tel. No. Roch. 75 Cambridge St. Middleboro Tel. 1123 STONE & FORSYTH COMPANY Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVEREn, MASS Tel. EV 7 - 1240 - 1241 - 1242 would freeze. Chill winds, further cooled by blowing across the solid ice lake, would cause a pole-like climate in most of the present temperate zone. The unusual fluid is necessary in many chemical processes where it acts as a catalyst, a speed-up agent. Dr. Discher uses the exam- ple of a laboratory experiment in- volving a mixture of pure hydro- gen and oxygen to illustrate this principle. Without water there is no reaction. With a trace of water in the gas mixture there is an ex- plosion. So, too, it is with many other chemical reactions. Where water is present, there's activity; without it there can be nothing. That pretty much sums up Dr. Discher's attitude on the subject — without water, nothing! Fresh From the Relds (Continued from Page 5) During the past several years both fire worm and fruitworm have been controlled with one or two sprays of DDT plus the para- thion spray applied upon Lecanium scale. The scale was under good control on bogs this past season. For this reason the spray for Lecanium scale was not applied on some bogs. The one DDT spray was not enough. Most growers ap- plied a late spray of parathion or malathion when the late firewoi-m attack was noted. On the State Bog a spray of malathion was applied in early August. This prevented most of the damage from this late attack (Most of us need to be mor^ observant). This experiment in- dicates that insect population may be building up and that we need CRANBERRY PICKING BOXES Shocks, or Nailed Let me repair your broken boxes — or repair them yourself. Stock Always on Hand F. H. COLE Tel. 46-5 North Carver, Mass. to pay more attention to regular spray schedules. The harvest weather was excel- lent this year. Only two or three days of rain occurred. The tem- peratures for September were 72.50 f. maximum and the mini- mum 32. f. For October the maximum was 74 degrees and the minimum 26 degrees. The percent of relative humidity varied 100% during mornings and rainstorms, to 32% on wann days at times with the mean about 64%. Total 1954 pack of commercially processed vegetables will be small- er than that of 1953. Output of major vegetables for processing will probably total moderately lower than in 1953. Don't depend on luck unless you are willing to work hard to bring it your way. CRANBERRY DISHES OF 49 YEARS AGO Cranberry sauce, 1 quart cran- berries, 1 pint boiling water, 1 pint sugar. Boil the sugar and water together for five minutes, skim, add the berries and cook, without stiring until clear. This sauce, used as filling for pastry shells, makes excellent tarts. Cranberry pie: two cups raw cranberries, 1 cup sugar, Vz cup water. Line a pie dish with paste; place in it the berries, pour over them the sugar and water, cover with upper crust and bake. (Some prefer part moUases in- stead of sugar.) Cranberry sherbert is delicious when served with poultry. Try cranberries for shortcake instead of strawberries. ONE - WAY LOW - LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT-LINE PUMPS This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN See COLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. Fifteen THANKSGIVING Harvests are in — This is a time for quiet joy and Thankfulness. ELECTRICITY has played its part well in your season's endeavors Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries 28' Sickle hxr enci weedi, bmtli, «ra»t— tdms close to baildingi aad trees. Climbs hiUi. UWN MOWER, SNOW PlOW AnACHIMHTS 20' Full Floetint RmI 1A' Ratary Sn«w Throwsr Hanson Lawn Mower Shop 151 Elm Street Hanson, Mass. Dahill Co. 1886 Purchase Street New Bedford, Mass. Sliur-Rane 400 Coupler Your SHUR- RANE Dealer FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 J. M. Hackett Route 123, North Hanover, Mass. LaAvn & Garden Equipment Co. 65 Stafford Road Fall River, Mass. H. M. Christensen Co. 1382 Main Street Brockton, Mass. Wenham Garage R. F. D. Plymouth, Mass. Crowell's Lawn Mower Service 75 lyanough Road Hyannis, Mass. Sixteen / aimor ERICA'S BEST KNOWN RAND HELPS YOU SELL FRESH CRANBERRIES / / y RETAILERS KNOW EATMOR! PACA License No. 1 means the Eatmor name has been pounded home to Retailers all over the country longer and harder than any other cranberry brand. They'll go for it because they know it "goes" for them! NATIONAL ADVERTISING HAS SOLD MRS. AMERICA ON EATMOR Through the years American housewives have been sold and resold on Eatmor fresh cranberries. And we're moving into the season ahead with a hard hittmg merchandising and point of sale promotion program. THERE'S A PROFITABLE SEASON WAITING FOR YOU AS AN EATMOR DISTRIBUTOR {^ <3^> ^tmor 144 W, 14th Place, Chicago 8 / ©, 1954 Newest Member . . of the Q^eanjpray OF FINE CRANBERKY PRODUCTS >c c CD • a 03 COI- ^ p t rro o JO ►:> CQ osc w o ►^ -5 Ocean Spray's Fresh, Frozen Cranberry Orange Relish will go on sale in selected cities this month in time for the Holiday season. This delicious "home made tasting" relish will soon join Jellied, Whole and Dietetic Cranberry Sauce, Fresh Cran- berries and Cranberry Juice Cocktail in grocery stores throughout the country. This introduction of this new product is merely another step by the National Cranberry As- sociation in building a stable, year round market for the cran- berries of our member-growers. National Cranberry Association THE GROWERS' COOPERATIVE Hanson, Massachusetts SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON i i J. I CHRISTMAS Doorways Welcome Ovei- the Nation. (CRANBERRIES Photc 30 Cents December 1954 SERVING THE CRANBERRY. INBUSI^R^ Morris April Bros. Cape & Vineyard BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey E ectric Company LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven E^ipert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts uied Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. EstabliBhed 1922 Ifl. 334 HANOXER. MAS? Hall & Cole £itab]ish*d 1S48 Wareham Savings Bank EQUIPMENT Commission Merchants and Jobbers Falmouth Branch HAYDEN 94 Faneuil Hall Market 102 BOSTON, MASS. Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent SEPARATOR WAREHAM MASS PUMPS APPLES AND CRANBERRIES SPECIALTIES PHONE WAREHAM 82 IRRIGATION SPRINKLER Car Lot Receivers FALMOUTH 80 SHUR-RANE PIPE RAINBIRD HEADS DARLINGTON The Nafiona Be Conveniently locate ink of Wareham d for Cranberry Men PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK Funds always avai able for sound loans At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI Complete Bs inking Service WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. 826 ADVERTISE Member Federal D( posit Insurance Corp. in CRANBERRIES DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74. Mabb. Tel. AR 6-6100, t-6101 Cranberry Growers Always Especially WELCOME to Visit and Ride THE EDAVILLE RAILROAD South Carver, Mass. Mrs. Ellis D. Atwood • • PATRONIZE CRANBERRIES ADVERTISERS • • • WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Jffli Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE Goodyear and Federal Tires Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Ma»s. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Send A Copy To Your Friends . . . WITHOUT CHARGE Please send a free copy of CRANBERRIES with my compliments to the persons listed below; [] If possible send the May, 19B4 issue. To Address . City „,. ..State.. To Address . City ..Z Stmte.. Sender Address One Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist Propose Agricultural Engineer The Massachusetts Cranberry A.dvisory Committee met at the Cranberry Station, November 22 to assist the Extension Service in preparing what we believe will be a sound educational program for 1955. There was an excellent representation present from the Cranberry Clubs, Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association, Mar- keting Agencies, County Advisory Committee, County Agricultural Agents, University of Massachu- setts, and Cranberry Experiment Station Staff. The discussion this year was focused on the need for 'tutting production costs and im- proving the quality of our pack, both fresh and processed. It was the feeling of this committee that there should be a full-time agricul- tural engineer located at the Cran- berry Experiment Station, and that he have a properly equipped machine shop in which to develop labor-saving equipment. A committee has been appointed by Frank Crandon, President of the Cape Cod Ci-anberry Growers' Association, to initiate the neces- sary action. It was the opinion of most members present that the problem of raising high quality fruit would not be solved until there was a reasonable incentive offered. In other words, prime fruit should receive a suitable premium over weak or tender fruit. The suggestions and advice of this committee are most help- ful and are sincerely appreciated. The following members were present: Frank Butler, Charles Savary, Arthur Handy, Ralph Thacher, Frank Crandon, Ferris Waite, Chester Robbins, Ai-nold Lane, Raymond Morse, Dominic Marini, Oscar Johnson, Bertram Tomlinson, Harold Woodward, Fred E. Cole, Herbert Stapleton, Wil- Two Ham Tomlinson, F. B. Chandler, Joseph Kelley, Chester Cross. Weekly Marketing Report During this fall a brief fresh fruit market report was prepared and released daily by the National Cranberry Association cooperating with the Massachusetts Division of Markets. This was a continuation of the service developed by Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., during the last several years. The report gave terminal market prices and gen- eral movement of the crop and was broadcast over several major radio stations in the cranberry pro- ducing states. It is a fine service and one truly appreciated by grow- ers. However, of necessity the in- formation was rather general. There has been a need for a more comprehensive report for some time. Finally, after considerable negotiating with the proper agen- cies of the federal government, ar- rangements have been completed to issue such a report on a weekly basis. The splendid support of the Cape Cod Cranben-y Growers' Associ- ation and Senator Leverett Salton- stall in this project is acknowl- edged at this time. Growers will be glad to know that all fresh fruit shippers in Massachusetts are co- operating with the Market News Service in Boston by supplying the necessary information. At present the report is sent only to members of the Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association but other inter- ested growers may receive this information by merely requesting that their names be added to the cranberry mailing list of the Mar- ket News Service, 408 Atlantic Ave., Boston. Winter Weather Growers will be happy to know that Dr. Franklin continues to make very satisfactory progress following a major operation in October. Incidentally, Dr. Franklin has been examining his weather data this year of what the winter of 1955 holds in store for us. The data this year does not present any clear-cut picture; in other words, it would be well to prepare for a real New England Winter and then be thankful if it doesn't material- ize. Winter Club Meetings County Agents Dom Marini and Oscar Johnson will be holding their county advisory meetings in De- cember and will be preparing their educational programs for the com- ing year. These programs will in- clude another interesting series of winter club meetings that grow- ers cannot afford to miss. Irving Demoranville and George Rounsville of the Cranberry Ex- periment Station have completed a very interesting piece of work. It has been written up by Dr. Cross and is found in this issue of Cran- berries under the following title, '•A Study of the Size and Weight of Cranberries during the Harvest Season." We recommend that it be carefully read. 1955 Supplies The latest information available on the agricultural supply and equipment situation indicates there will be no critical shortages of the products that we use in our indus- try. It is, however, sound business to estimate normal requirements and place orders early. This is particularly true for those who in- tend to purchase new equipment. Hurricane Meeting Dec. 15 Growers who have suffered hur- ricane damage to their ci-anbei-ry properties are invited to attend a special meeting at the Cranberry Experiment Station on December 15 at 1:30 p. m. The purpose will be to discuss the several problems resulting from the two hurricanes. We hope to have cost data avail- able for replacing flumes and dikes, a detailed analysis of salt studies, plus the counsel of soil technicians and engineers. "Edaville" Again Ablaze With Christmas Lights Christmas trains stai-ted high- balling at "Edaville," South Car- ver, Massachusetts, Saturday, De- cember 4th. These trains, Ameri- ca's only remaining 2-foot guage, are, as is so well-known, on the cranberry property of the late Ellis D. Atwood and Mrs. Althea Atwood. The Edaville area is ablaze with 40,000 colored lights, strung from 10-12 miles of wire. These are sup- plemented by lights at the Edaville Stattion, displays along the 6-mile route of the tracks and spotlights atop the diminutive trains. "Peacedale," the pretty country town and the white church with steeple on the hill are popular displays repeated. Tots will find a new scene along the way to de- light them — an iceberg complete with seals and penguins. The "Nativity" scene is on view again. Edaville's manager, David Eld- redge, has had quite a time this year in getting the railroad spruced up. The rolling stock needed repairs. And parts for the ancient steam engines and cars cannot be bought today. The truck on Locomotive No. 7 was rebuilt taking all the ingenuity of the crew, also a new cab was installed, leading truck wheels were re- paired, the old paint on the tender was removed and fresh applied, also the trim on the engine. Engine No. 8 had repairs, too, while two smaller engines, Nos. 3 and 4 had new brasses and other repair work. Some 25 pairs of wheels were bought at $150 a pair, everything custom-built. Three men worked for four months restoring inlay and filigree work on the interiors of the coaches which decades ago saw real road service in Maine. There will be lunches served in the Station and the railroad mu- seum open. Santa Claus will roam around. No trains will run Christmas Eve, to give crews the opportunity to spend this night with their fam- ilies. Lights will be oi but the station will be closed. SPECIAL The American Cranberry Grow- ers' Association is an organization of successful cranberry growers, and its object is to advance their mutual interests. If the successful growers find it helpful, surely the less experienced will find member- ship a paying investment. If yuo are a grower, no matter in how small a way, you are cordially invited to send $2,00 to the Sec- retary who will enroll you as a member and forward you reports to which members are entitled. Address, Jno. T. Irving, Secretary Elwood, N. J. (From the Proceedings of the association 49 years ago — and still excellent advice as cnocerns the various state associations). N. J. BLUEBERRY OPEN HOUSE The New Jersey Blueberry Open House which is usually held in early December will take place in Januray. This will be at Hammn- ton on Jan. 13. Program and de- tails are to be announced at a later date. OUR COVER Christmas doorways the nation over spell out welcome. Guests are invited to pass through the portals decorated in holiday spirit. The doorway shown is that of H. A. Suddard of Wareham, Mass., who, incidentally is the son-in-law of Benjamin Savary, veteran grower, now retired and for many years inspector for New England Cranberry Sales Co. Mr. Suddai-d, Ford dealer has sold many cars and trucks to Massachusetts growers. Greater Comfort . . . Greater Fuel Savings with Oil mmnjiiT^nM Gas FLOOR FURNACES ROBY'S INC. Distributors Heating Oils & Bottled Gas Tel. Carver 95-2 Western Pickers, Inc. 1172 Hemlock Ave. Coos Bay, Oregon Three SANDDUNES "CAPTURING" BANDON. OREGON The waterfront of Bandon, Ore- gon, the cranberry center of that state is being threatened by sand- dunes, acjording to Bandon's news- paper "Western World." Looking north from the city, says the edi- tor, between the Coquille River which empties into the sea there, and the Pacific, is an enormous area which it was once said was pasture and grazed hundreds of head of cattle. Going south to the mouth of Four-Mile (another cran- berry area) and other streams, similar sand-captured areas can be observed. .A.? a matter of fa'^t, not only is the Bandon area threatened by the marching sands but state high- ways, national forests and parks along a considerable portion of the Oregon coast. Plans are in pro- gress to stop this menace, if pos- .■iible. WEEKLY MARKETING REPORTS By the time this issue reaches its readers it is likely the U. S. De- partment of Agriculture will be issuing weekly cianberry reports on marketing, these to continue during the current marketing season. Protects Crasicjuysna aoUlwEfaY \^ **j, Froit and Dfougnt " *** of Cranguyma Farms, JOUKN AL '•°"9 8''°'*>' ^°'^- t-OHTLAND OREGON i5PREADING out in an impressive acreage in the great North- west, Cranguyma Farms ar Long Beach, Washington, represents an important part of our nation's cranberry production. Stand- ing as dependable guardians against frost and drought 1000 Rainbird sprinklers provide the correct and necessary rainfall whenever it is needed. This outstanding installation is indica- tive of the dependability of Rainbird Sprinklers. Be sure that the system you buy meets the minimum requirements for design, installation and performance of a sprinkler ' -rigation sys- tem, as approved by the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. Our research and planning department is at your service. Consult us today without obligation. SriHklii Ir'liitiiB Atiiciitll* _^... NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. < '.^' ^li,, :'■,,■.■■ •. AZUSA, .CALIFORNIA .:: ,;',::.. ^* :..~. - I^AINY SPRJNKLER SALES, i6-,3 ^i,'< "Cransweet makes possible many unusual new food combinqtions in the confectionary, baking, indus- tries— candy and sweet rolls, cran- berry-flavored sherbet, although the latter is not new. Maraschino cranberries will be a new product, also. The new plant at Eagle River is a single story, 60 by 123 foot build- ing of concrete block, aluminum and glass construction. It will cost about $50,000, with another 50,000 for equipment. The firm plans to employ about 20 as a starter. All three officers are growers of varying years, but all experi- enced in the culture. "A goal of Cranberry Products," Goldsworthy has written this magazine is to divert from present cranberry consumption into new channels, to widen the cranberry market. The industry needs these new outlets and our company will play an important role in seeing that this is done." Cranberry grower Ralph Sampson (left and company president Vernon Goldsworthy watch berries being sorted at a warehouse near Thunder Lake. Nlqs Above these luckless Geese are marching to their doom for the traditional Christmas dinner. They are birds at the Borsari Turkey Farm, West Wareham. Bottom: Santa Claus at Edaville rummages through his Christmas bag to give gifts to youngsters. (Cranberries Photo) Teif ISSUE OF DECEMBER 1954 Vol. 19-No. 8 A "WHITE CHRISTMAS" THE Weather Man, who is the U. S. Weather Bureau, has indicated a "White Christmas" for most of the country — that is the portions which normally have snow. May this materialize, and may the snows of this winter erase some of the troubles which have beset growers in 1954. It was not the happiest of years in all respects. Pricewise for some, although others found the twelve month profitable, at least to a degree. In some instances, as in certain portions of the Massachusetts Early Blacks the quality was anything but tops. There was once a more happy day when growers received all their returns more promptly. This slowness makes it difficult for a grower to plan ahead. He doesn't know how much he will have to spend — - or when he will have what is due. There have been more hailstorms than usual in most cranberry areas; the worst forest fire in New Jersey in years, heavy rain and floods, the salt water damage to bogs in Massachusetts from the hurricane of August 31st. Truly the dying year was one of tribu- lation, some of these troubles arising within the industry itself; some over which the industry had no control. But, be all things as they are, let CRANBERRIES take this opportunity to wish one and all a Christmas of old- fashioned good cheer in the troubled world of 1954. THE COMING YEAR WHAT of 1955 ? Most economists whom we read seem to predict neither boom nor bust, but a level of economy, at least as good as this year. Consumer incomes and consumer spending are expected to remain fairly stable and may increase some, with consumers continuing to spend one-fourth of their income for food. Assuming no war, and no international tension great enough to change our de- fense program significantly, agricultural prices in 1955 are expected to average about the same as current levels. Then, as we all know, our own popu- lation and that of the world is expanding at a tremendous rate. There are constantly more mouths to be fed and more cranber- CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription 18.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Wisconsin Rapids Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey ries should be placed in these added mouths. Frankly, we do not know whether the merchandising (advertising) cut of the cranberry pie should be increased or decreased. Whether this is being spent wisely or not. That is the job of our mer- chandising experts — -with the grower ever vi^atchful to make sure his money is being well utilized. Repetition is tiresome and the word "quality" shopworn, but quality in crop is the base upon which all else rests. Oregon Cranberry Growers Go Visiting We Visited Massachusetts Part 3 By ETHEL M. KRANICK We had planned to visit the cranberry land of Massachusetts, for many years and now that dream was soon to be a reality. Our first experience was a visit meeting of the National Cranberry Association of which we are mem- bers. This meeting was to be held on August the 24th so we had eight days in which to visit the City of New York. We arrived in New York on Sunday evening via the Pennsylvania Railroad and got a good nights rest so that we were ready to see all the tourist attrac- tions by way of sightseeing buses, "shanks ponies", and boat. Our first experience wats a visit to the United Nations building where there is no race segregation but only segregation of coats. We learned that there was a restau- rant in the building where we could get lunch but had to get tickets at the desk. These we secured. Then lined up to enter . . . we were re- fused entrance because my husband did not wear a coat but the col- ored man just ahead got to enter. He wore a coat . . . the tempera- ture was only eighty! If any one says the Empire State building is big . . . don't you be- lieve it ... it is really "bigger", yet after one travels four and one half miles high in a Stratocruiser the distance to the ground from the top isn't quite so frightening. One day was spent visiting rela- tives on Long Island. We went out via Long Island Railroad which at that time was much in the news due to dangerous overcrowding. It was a big day the railroad px'esi- dent and directors sat near us so we got in on the picture and inter- views. We were also interviewed but if there was a back page line in the daily paper we didn't get to read it . . . the issue was sold out when we got back to our hotel. On our return trip we came by auto and were whisked under the Mid-Town tunnell and came up only one block from the hotel just like a gopher. . . I like to call New York the City of "TOO". Too high, too deep, too much haste, too many people, too much wealth, too much poverty, too much tension. The thing that puz- zled me was why more people were not killed crossing the street against the red lights ... I guess it is because the taxi cab drivers are so good. On August 23 we left New York via North East Airlines for Boston where we were met by Mr. Shaw from the Hanson office, and taken directly to Hanson, Mass. By af- ternoon Mr. and Mrs. Pryde and Mrs. Arthur Randall, Western di- WE ARE STANDING BY AT YOUR SERVICE IN THE SPRING THE C&L EQUIPMENT COMPANY For further information contact either — F. » 1191 '. CRANDON Main Street H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Acushnet rectors arrived, and although we were just ordinary cranberry growers from Oregon, we were treated with all the courtesy given more important guests. A car was assigned to the western repi-esenta- tives and we were included so that we had means of transportation. We were assigned to a motel called the "Yankee Traveler" every thing was modern and very com- fortable. This motel was just three miles south of the town of Ply- mouth ... so we were able to recall our grade school history about Plymouth Rock and the Pilgrims. The old cemetery with the worn headstones recalled many an in- stance of history and made it seem more real. Around Hanson we saw some very beautiful bogs, free from weeds and we also saw the reason that they were free of weeds — hand weeders even in August. Every large planting had a great reservoir of water to be used in frost control and irrigation. This was like some we saw in Wiscon- sin. If Oregon had to depend on such large bodies of water for frost and irrigation, Oregon would not grow cranberries. On August 24th the annual meet- ing was held at Onset which is south of Hanson. Here the space was adequate to hold the five hun- dred growers who attended the meeting and had dinner together at the chicken and cranberry bar- becue which followed the general meeting held in the forenoon. The dinner was served under a big cir- cus tent. The chicken and cran- berry was all that anyone could ask for . . . just perfectly cooked. We felt quite at home at this meet- ing after meeting so many growers in Wisconsin and New Jersey. It would have been nice to have had more time to visit with the aver- age small grower like ourselves. We could have compared our mutual problems. Those we did meet were very friendly and made u.s feel most welcome. Discription of the new Onset freezer has al- ready been given in the cranberry magazine so will not be included. On the following day the group from Oregon and Washington made a trip to Wareham to see the Massachusetts Experiment Station. Twelve niBiiiisiJi This happy trio is about to boaid tho Chii^tmas train at Edaville, South Carver, Massachusetts. They are Mr. and Mrs. Francis Bradley and daughter, Maryanne. (Cranberries Photo) Here we met Bertram Tomlinson, Dick Beattie and Dr. Fred Chand- ler and others. First we went over the State bog with Dr. Chandler, then after lunch Dr. Chandler took the afternoon off and took us in his car on a cranberry tour. We especially asked him to take us to see some of the problem bogs in order that we might learn some- thing that would be of value on our own marshes out west. This he did. We also went to see bogs that had been picked with the western picker for several years and were interested to learn that they had proven satisfactory. We in Oregon use quite a few of these pickers successfully. We visited the Frank Crandon property and examined the Cran- don vine pruner. It was nice to find Mr. Crandon in his work clothes in the act of painting one of his buildings. Cranberry grow- ers as a group are not a lazy crowd . . . they all take a personal inter- est no matter how much help they hire. I won't try to tell you what we learned because sheets of informa- tion are available from the experi- ment station. We received such copies. After leaving the cranberry fields we went to New Bedford and saw the homes with lookout tow- ers where the wives of fishermen waited for the return of their hus- bands. We were guests of Dr. and Mrs. Chandler for dinner and after din- ner we had the pleasure of viewing the pictures the Chandlers had taken on their trip west. Of course we protested the "teri-ible" picture that Dr. Chandler had taken of the "Again, as always, we invite growers to compare returns." CRANBERRY GROWERS, Inc. I Mead -Witter BIdg. n I Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin a ;UB3lli:BIIIIBi!ll@lllini!l Kranick bog and published in the magazine, but we forgave him v/hcn he explained that it had been taken to show how the irrigation pipe had been raised up above the bog instead of being buried or lying on the ground. (It contained a lot of temporary fencing that wasn't very beautiful.) By midnight we were back at our motel. The following day we went to see the Atwood bogs and ride on the famous railroad that took us on a five mile trip around the bogs and gave us a good view of the vast water storage avail- able to that property. I had been told that Mr. Urann never plays but on this day he ac- companied us to the property and had a free ride along with the rest of us. Even delighting in the ice cream cones and popcorn. We all appreciated the hospitality of Mrs. Atwood and hope that some time she will come west. So much happened in the few days we spent in Massachusetts that it is hard to condense it down. We were intrigued not only with the cranberry growing but the beautiful scenery, the historical land marks the colored glass and the many novelty shops. It was impossible to see Massachusetts in so short a time. We must return to this wonderful state with more Thirteeq time to fully appreciate its at- tractions and the many fine people who grow cranberries. Time came to leave. We were taken to Boston and there we parted with our western friends. Mrs. Randall went on into Maine while the Prydes went to Washing- ton, D. C. We remained in Boston for a few days— we left Boston the day of the hurricane and I doubt if she will ever forget what a hur- ricane is like. It really wasn't very kind to her. I wish I could take time to write a whole story about Boston. It was a most interesting experi- ence. I had been told that Boston- ians were cool and unfriendly but I met a woman in the park whose father had been a football coach at Harvard and later a coach of May we extend to all, every good wish for the Holidays and a New Year of peace and hap- piness. MORSE BROTHERS G. H. MoR 47 - 49 Falmouth St. ATTLEBORO, MASS. Beaton's Distributing Agency MAY YOUR YULETIDE CLOW BRIGHTLY WITH OLD-FASHIONED CHRISTMAS CHEER Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 130 of 970 Cc^ Cod Q^nxi^nMehfiiel Fourteen the Boston Red Sox. She had lived in Boston all her life and told me much of the social attitudes of the older generation. We left Boston much too soon to suit me, via air to Kansas City, and Topeka, Kansas. We visited relatives ... on the only cool day they had had for weeks ... it was only 90. Then a half day in Denver and on to Portland. The follovifing day we were home. Our whole trip had been planned by a travel agent who also made our hotel reservations and air schedule. It was a trip worth wait- ing for — and one we will never forget. Blueberry Asso. Holds Meeting The annual meeting of the Mass- achusetts Cultivated Blueberry Association met Tuesday evening, December 7th, at Leland's Rest- aurant in Kingston. The atttend- ance was larger than at any previous meeting of the associa- tion. Following an excellent din- ner there was a speaking pro- gram and short business meeting. Prof. W. H. Thies, extension horticulturist from the University of Massachusetts, spoke on "The Relationship between Soil Manage- ment and Productivity of Fruit Plants". Besides explaining the importance of the right soil with adequate moisture and fertility he discussed the relationship between soil activity and the source of nitrogen for blueberries. The am- monia form of nitrogen apears to be quite important in blueberry nu- tiition is not available above pH 5.5 Ammonia sources have a tend- ency to increase the acidity or to lower the pH. The next speaker was Prof. F. B. Chandler of the Cran'-jrry Sta- tion, East Wareham, who spoke on the "Composition and Uses of Blueberries". He spoke briefly on the early history of blueberries and the uses to which blueberries were put. As far back as Plinys' time (about 2000 years ago) the berries were used as a dye for cloth, for painting, for wines and medicines as well as for food. The juice was often added to grape wine to improve the color. Dr. Chandler illustrated the use of the pigment in the juice by showing samples of dyed cloth, and also showed in many test tubes dif- ferent shades of color obtained by the addition of various chemicals. He showed a chart giving the per- cent composition of blueberries which showed that this fruit is a little higher than some fruits in solids and sugars, also that it is a good source of iron. Prof. Chandler discussed a number of present day uses of blueberries, giving a method of keeping the berries fresh for many months in the home refrigerator. A sugges- tion was made of the possibility of cooperating with other fruit grow- ers in the sale of fresh fruit. The color and taste of the peach and the blueberry make an excellent combination. Blueberries also combine well with bananas and with melon. There are thirty-three factories canning blueberries in the United States, three of which are in Massachusetts. Mention was also made of the use of the blue- berry plant as an ornamental be- cause of its red fall color. Prof. John Bailey answered a number of questions on general culture and Prof. Tomlinson res- ponded to questions concerning in- sects, particularly the Japanese beetle. Prof. Thies than showed colored pictures taken in Jugoslavia during his recent trips there where he worked for the United Nations under its Foreign Agricultural Or- ganization. These pictures illus- trated the horticulture of Jugosla- via, the methods of cultivation and spraying. Some of the pictures also illustrated the costumes of the different provinces in the country. A few pictures of other European countries were also shown. The nominating committee re- commended the following slate of officers for 19.55 who were later elected. President, J. Herbert Alexander of Middleboro; First Vice-President, M. B. Elliot of Hanson; Second Vice-president, Paul Crosby of Quincy; Secretary- Treas., Miss Carrolla A. Bryant of Pembroke; Director for three years, Charles W. Williams. A new book has recently been published under the editorship of Dr. N. F. Childers of the Horticul- ture Department of Rutgers Uni- versity. The title is "Mineral Nu- trition of Fruit Crops". The book is well written by many special- ists on the particular ci'ops, and covers deciduous and evergreen trees and small fruits. The book contains over nine hundred pages, over thirty of which are devoted to bluberries and cranberries. Dr. A. B Beaumont of the Mass- achusetts Soil Conservation Ser- vice published "Bee Pastures in the Conservation Plan" in the No- vember 15, 1954 issue of The Soil Auger. This story reports the activity of the Soil Conservation Service to asist the beekeeper to get more nectar and honey produc- ing plants established. Cranberry growers should have sufficient bee feed to care for the bees they need for pollination. Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers * * REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER in stock Construction Grade Redwood Spruce Fir Hardware Paints — — Roofing E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middleboro Rd. E. Freetown Tel. No. Roch. 75 Cambridge St. Middleboro Tel. 1123 STONE & FORSYTH COMPANY Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVEREn, MASS Tel. EV 7 - 1240 - 1241 - 1242 Fifteen We Send Our Sincere Good Wishes to All Our Friends and Patrons May Your Yuletide Glow Brightly Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM — PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 9iur-Ran* 400 Your SHUR- RANE Dealer FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries Fresh From the Fields (Continued from Page 5) Cranguyma Farms at Long Beach, vs'hi h is the largest cranberry property in Washington. Total state produ'.-tion is expected to be somewhat lower than in 1953, yet it will rank high as compared to most previous years. Production Grayland will have approximate- ly 44,000 barrels, it is expected. The Long Beach area total pro- duction for this past fall is 17,278 barrels as compared to 19,950 last year. Summary; the 1954 pro- duction as a whole will be the third or fourth largest according to Wilho Ross, manager of NCA at Markham. Weather The weather during November was colder than normal; maximum for the month was 65 degrees and the minimum 22. Percent of rela- tive humidity varied from 100 percent down to 54. Total rainfall for November (Cranguyma) was 12.81 inches compared with 14.41 a year ago. Bog Work Not many bog operations have been going on. Some growers pruned. Pruning at the State Bog, Long Beach is finished. Growers were also cleaning and overhauling machinery. Blueberries Blueberries suffered to some ex- tent during the year. The long, warm fall period induced some escond growth and fall blooming. Probably this will cause some tip tie-back. There are enough buds to produce a good crop next year unless there is severe frost injury in the spring of 1955. READ CRANBERRIES ADS Sixteen It is our pleasure at this joyous time to wish all our friends and neighbors a very happy Holiday Season. CAPE COD CRANBERRY CO-OP., Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 fo all friends from Cranberries Magazine f.. I : i AMERICA'S BEST KNOWN BRAND HELPS YOU SELL MORE FRESH CRANBERRIES '-■''i.. RETAILERS KNOW EATMOR! PACA License No. 1 means the Eatmor name has been pounded home to Retailers all over the country longer and harder than any other cranberry brand. They'll go for it because they know it "goes" for them! NATIONAL ADVERTISING HAS SOLD MRS. AMERICA ON EATMOR Through the years American housewives have been sold and resold on Eatmor fresh cranberries. And we're moving into the season ahead with a hard hitting merchandising and point of sale promotion program. THERE'S A PROFITABLE SEASON WAITING FOR YOU AS All EATMOR DISTRIBUTOR /^ <^V—> 1144 W. 14Hi Place, Chicago 8 SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY W8SC0NSIN OREGON WASHINGTON SNOW Makes Beautiful, Fantastic Designs. (CianGroCo Phot 30 C^nt5 January 1955 SKRVING THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Applet Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offic**: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven Middleborough Trust Company MIDDLEBORO MASS. Member of The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 BRIGCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES ■■part Werkaiaaskip ObIj GanuiB* Part* Mt»4 Engine Driven Gcntratori Portakla and All Appllcatlaai Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. i:.Ukli>h.d lltl T.I. SS4 HANOVER, MASS. EQUIPMENT The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS PUMPS IRRIGATION SPRINKLER SHUR-RANE PIPE RAINBIRD HEADS DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Scr..nk.u..., Bog. aadi Pump. Mmib. Sati.f.cti.B ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM. MASS. Tal. M« ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bofs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Francoitia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choosa and Um Niagara Dusts, Sprays and DHStars ffMBf, Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middlaport, Naw Yark Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE "The Car With The 100-Million Dollar Look!" Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Goodyear and Federal Tires Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Send A Copy To Your Friends .. . WITHOUJ CHARGE PluBe send a free copy of CRANBERRIES with my compliment! to the parsons listed below: To jirJ- -^r To Address . City _. .-State.. Address . City _- ..State.- Sender ___ Address HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlington 74, Mass. Tel. AR l-61«S. I-I1*1 Cranberry Crop Second Largest On Record Massachusetts* 585,000 Bbls. More Than Some Expected Contrary to the expectations of some growers, latest release (Dec. 27) of the USDA has dropped the Massachusetts crop only to 585,000. or 5,000 barrels below the original figure (Aug. 19) of 590,000. Last year there were 690,000; in 1952, 445,000, while the ten-year aver- age is 490,900. Shrinking in screen- ing is reported as about average. The crop for the nation is the second largest on record, 1,012,000. This is 16 percent below the record hig^h of 1,203,300 last year, but is 29 pcici.^: :i,.'.,i' the ten-year average oi 787,300 barrels. The 1954 production was below 1953 in all growing areas. New Jersey, in this latest gov- ernment estimate is 91,000, which is greater than the original figure in August; Wisconsin is accorded 245,000, higher than the 225,000 at first forecast; Washington is 62,- 000, lower than the 68,000 given first, while the figure for Oregon is set at 29,000, a drop of 1,000 barrels from first forecast. Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes :v by J. RICHARD BEATTIE 'Extension Cranberry specialist Many Bog Unflooded As a result of the relatively mild winter enjoyed at least through mid-January, many growers have delayed flooding their bogs and the State Bog is no exception. Water supplies are more than ample for flooding purposes should we experi- ence two or three days of low tem- peratures accompanied by high winds, which of course constitutes winter killing conditions. An ex- amination of George Rounsville's weather data shows why water supplies are well above normal. The average rainfall in the cran- berry area is 44.31 inches per year. Rainfall for 1954 was 54.16 inches or 9.85 inches above normal and established this past season as one of the wettest in history. Before leaving the subject of weather we would like to com.mand Dr. Frank- lin for the accuracy of his winters forecast as experienced to date (January 12) and sincerely hope that this mild weather continues. Union Exhibit The Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association Meetings spon- sored another cranberry exhibit at the Union Agricultural Meetings held in Worcester Jan. 4, 5, 6. The exhibit featured a miniature bog and screening demonstrations. There was the usual display of various cranberry products, both fresh and processed. The Asso- ciation also participated in a Food Editors Luncheon held during the Union Meetings. It was sponsored by the Massachusetts Department of Agriculture under the capable supervision of Louis A. Webster. The major agricultural commodi- ties produced in the state were brought to the attention of the press and radio representatives working with foods and of course cranberries received their share of the limelight at this luncheon. President Frank Crandon and his committee are to be commended on the fine job they did of bringing our industry a little closer to the public. Hurricane Meeting A special meeting was held at the Cranberry Experiment Station December 15 for growers who suf- fered hurricane damage to their properties. A detailed analysis of salt samples taken from reservoirs inundated by salt water was pre- sented by Dr. F. B. Chandler. The mechanics of replacing or repairing flumes and dikes damaged by Hur- ricane Carol and the cost involved were outlined by Darrell Shepherd of the Soil Conservation Service in Barnstable County and Dr. Chand- ler. County Agent Oscar Johnson discussed the Agricultural Conser- vation Program and possible pay- ments that growers could receive from this program. A paper on this entire problem is being pre- pared and will be available to growers very shortly. Congratulations to Glover Congratulations are in order for James E. Glover on his recent ap- pointment as president of the Na- tional Cranberry Association. Mr. Glover's training, experience, and ability have certainly equipped him for the great responsibility that is now his. We also extend our best wishes to Mr. Marcus L. Urann as he retires to private life after many years of outstanding service to our industry. Forestry Neglected This is the time of year when cranberry groweres review the past season and plan for the coming year. There is one phase of the industry that seems to be over- looked in this planning process. We are referring to the field of forestry. Cranberry growers own a substantial percentage of the forestry lands in Southeastern Massachusetts. They have been paying taxes on this land for many years and have received very little revenue in many instances. It is the firm conviction and experience of trained foresters that these wood lots if properly managed of- fer a good source of income to many bog owners. Under present conditions any supplement to the growers income should be most welcome. The recent hurricanes have fo- cussed special attention on proper management of forest lands. Fall- en timber should be salvaged this winter or early spring in order to prevent extensive damage by wood borers. There is also the problem of opening up woods roads not used by growers in their regular bog operations in order to provide for adequate fire protection. The seriousness of the fire hazard this spring should not be underesti- mated. These are the immediate problems but more fundamental is the long-range planning that is necessary if our wood lots are to provide a good source of income. Growers recognize that it is sound business to maintain their bogs at levels of high production of good quality fruit. It certainly seems reasonable to manage our wood lots on the same basis. The management of our timber lands at high production levels is quite similar to a bank account. In order to draw interest we have to have capital — in this instance it is growing capital. The more grow- ing trees left per acre, the greater the annual production. This in turn provides for more frequent log- ging operations. Foresters refer to this practice as placing a wood lot on a sustained yield basis. There are, of course, wood lots that should be clear cut after they have reached a certain stage of maturity, but there are far too many lots that are scalped. The writer would like to suggest again that the wood lot owner avail him- self of the counsel and advice of trained foresters before he cuts or sells his timber. The following services are avail- able to our wood land owners in this state by merely contacting their County District, or Extension Two Forester: 1. An estimate of the volume and value of timber on a wood lot. 2. Preparation of a detailed cut- ting plan including the marking of trees that should be cut to im- prove the lot. 3. A copy of a proposal of bids for selling the timber so that all operators may have an opportunity to bid on given property. 4. A copy of a special contract that gives the land owner protec- tion in the cutting operation and insures him that the operator will carry out his agreement. In the Cape area the following men are available to consult with cranberry growers on their for- estry problems: Charles Cherry, District Forester, Kingston; Steph- en Hayes, District Forester, Cen- terville; Robert Parmenter, Ex- tension Forester at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. Cranberry Weed Letter No. 9 R. H. Roberts University of Wisconsin Since the last letter nearly a year ago two quite significant situ- ations have developed in the weed control campaign. One: It is evident from per- sonal experiments, observations of grower trials and conversations with growers in Oregon and Wash- ington that "selective" weed kill- ers can be expected to contribute little to general weed control in the foreseeable future. This calls for increased work with Stoddard Solvent. Two: The increased use of mechanical pickers has resulted in many acres of vines having been "laid around." This makes it practicable to use a rake-type boom to apply Stoddard below the tips of the uprights. This would avoid bud injury if late applications were made after late-starting weeds as Starr grass, sickle grass, satin, ragweed, stick-tights, and so forth, are large enough to be effectively killed. It is expected that a trial model of a boom built by Mr. Dana, Rapids Machine Shop, designed to spray below the tops of vines will be on display at the winter meet- ing (Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association) in January. It may need to be rebuilt but will offer sugestions of consti-uction for those interested in eradication of the especially troublesome weeds — the late starters, which get under way after it is unsafe to spray Stoddard onto growing cranber- ries. This is after the new growth is one-eighth of an inch long, es- pecially if fortifier is used. Many cases were noted this year where the weed problem was much aggravated by an application of nitrogen fertilizer which hindered rather than helped the cranberry crop. One interesting case was of a fine crop being harvested where the nitrogen was so low the weeds made too poor a growth to give much shade — the ccmditiqn which prevents pollination and berry development. A^. /. Growers Meet February 3 The annual meeting of the American Cranberry Growers' As- sociation (N. J. organization of all growers) will be held on February 3rd at Carslake's Dining Rooms, Mt. Holly, N. J. All persons in- terested in the welfare of the cranberry industry are welcome. When the program is mailed out to the customai-y attenders, a re- turn card for the luncheon reserv- ation will be included. Special attention is being given to forest conditions and mainte- nance of water supplies, which are rapidly becoming matters of major importance to New Jersey cran- berry growers and all farmers as well. It is felt that this part of the session is vital to all cran- berry growers. Greater Comfort . . . Greater Fuel Savings with Oil Coleman Gas FLOOR FURNACES ROBY'S INC. Distributors Heating Oils & Bottled Gas Tel. Carver 95-2 The program is as follows: Remarks by the President, Edward V. Lipman; Arrange- ments for Labor Supply, E. R. Kendall; The 1955 Cranberry Crop, Clifford Sims; Prescribed Burning and Forest Management, Carl B. Cranmer; N. J. Farm Bureau Forest Management, Carl B. Crannyer; N. J. Farm Bureau Forest Management Serv- ice Corp, William P. Watson; Ac- complishments at the Lebanon Forest Stream Gaging Station (Introduction by Murray Buell), 0. W. Hartwell; Luncheon at 12:30; Cranberry Pruning and Fertilizing, C. A. Doehlert; Effect of Tipworm Attack on Blossoming and Fruiting of the Cranberry Upright, P. E. Marucci; Cran- berry Fruit Rot, Eugene H. Var- ney. Personal Roy M. Potter of Wisconsin is among the growers of that state who is vacationing in Arizona. He is staying at Tuscon thrugh December to March. WESTERN PICKER New is the time to get your WESTERN PICK- ERS overhauled for 1955. Don't wait until the last week in August. I will not be able to take in machines after the 15th of June, and you can be sure of a better job if you bring them in now. Also a small down pay- ment now, with an order for a new machine, will save you $100 if the order is placed before March 1. FRANK W. COOK Sales and Service Telephone Middleboro 763M3 Corner of Spruce and Locust St. South Middleboro, Mass. Thrca Issue of January 1955 — Vol. 19 No. 9 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St., Wareham Massachusetts Subscribtion, »3-00 per y"'- Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943. at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 187B FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS Much December Snow A howling storm dumped an of- ficial 9 % (State bog) of snow on the cranberry area on December 20th. In places there was a foot and a half, more snow than is normaly seen in the Southeastern Massachusetts district. The storm, also, contrary to pattern placed more snow on the Cape than it did in the vicinity of Boston. This was the third appreciable fall of the month, bringing the total to about 15 inches. Normal for De- cember (Boston) is 7.6 inches. Most Bogs Not Flooded At end of December the major- ity of bogs had not been flooded for the winter. Water was being held high in the ditches, however. The ground had not frozen. A few growers had put water on and pulled it off again. There is a growing tendency, apparently, per- haps led by the example of how the State Bog is managed, to keep the vines out of water as mucn as possible during the cold months. December Sunshine December produced about a nor- mal amount of sunshine but the effect of this factor upon the 1955 crop may be altered by two unus- ually heavy snow storms which stayed o nthe ground from five to seven days. This, in the opinion of Dr. Cross would have the follow- ing result — it would not help the size of the berries, and would have no effect upon the size of the crop. Early January Weather Up to the 12th of January there had been only a trace of snow, quite in contrast to December, while rainfall had totalled 1.80 inches as recorded at State Bog. Fmar There were two days when the thermometer dropped to 19, but the first dozen days had averaged about three degrees a day warmer than normal. NEW JERSEY New Jersey Weather Report Weather during the month of November in the cranberry area of New Jersey was somewhat colder and wetter than normal. The aver- age temperature was 42.1°, which is 4.3 degrees colder than normal. The rainfall was 4.20 inches, al- most an inch (9.7) above normal. The unusual coldness of the month is seen in the fact that frosts occurred on 24 of the 30 days in the month. There were only six days in November in which the temperature reached as high as 60°F. in 1954 as compared to 14 such days in 1953. Those who put stock in nature's signs would be interested in know- ing that at least one of them por- tends a cold winter for our Cape Cod friends to the north of us. Evening grosbeaks have put in an appearance already on our lab- oratory grounds. According to the Cranberry and Blueberry Labora- torys bird-watcher, Mrs. C. L. Phillips (secretary), these birds are seen this far south in years when it is particularly cold to the north of us. The autumn rains have filled the New Jersey streams nicely and the bog water supplies are excellent. A number of bogs were flooded earlier than usual because of this abundant water supply. Some growers flooded as early as Decem- ber 1. There has been a considerable amount of planting this past au- tumn, as well as resanding of bogs. Several New Jersey cranberry growers attended an all-day meet- ing on water problems arranged by Burlington County Agricultural Agent, Dan Kensler. Another ser- ies of interest to cranberry grow- ers is being conducted by Mr. Kensler on various aspects of soil problems. WISCONSIN Early Cleanup of Crop The last of the 1954 Wisconsin cranberry crop was shipped just prior to Christmas, this being the earliest cleanup in a number of years with the exception of the short crop in 1952. The earliest winter flooding was done shortly after Thanksgiving, but with a good snow cover and moderate temperatures, the ma- jority did not flood until the end of December. The marshes had a snow cover extending from Novem- ber 23 through December. Sanding operations started in the Cranmoor area the latter part of December. Considerable wood and dyke hauling is also being done. The annual meeting of the Wis- consin State Cranberry Growers' Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1. Growers supplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo» Howes McFarlin. All hiffhest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. Association is being held Friday afternoon January 14th at the Elks Club, Wisconsin Rapids. Speakers will be from the Horticulture De- partment of the University of Wisconsin, who have been doing experimental wed control work on Wisconsin marshes. The 1954 shipped crop figure will also be given. The annual meetings of the Wis- consin Cranberry Sales Company and the Midwest Cranberry Co- operative are being held Saturday, January 15. A dinner and dance will follow the meetings. Guest speakers will be Lester Haines, General Manager of Eatmor Cran- berries and Morris April who pro- cesses and sells Eatmor canned sauce. A large turnout is expected for the meetings. Gift boxes of Wisconsin cran- berries for Thanksgiving and Christmas are becoming more popular each year. Several thou- sand were shipped this year. Up- grading of the berries results in a very attractive pack. WASHINGTON Almost Continuous Rain Weather, with almost continuous rain, with the sun shining through for only a few hours now and then, so that very little outside work has been done in the past several weeks. The minimum tempei-ature for December was 23.5 degrees on December first. The maximum has been 59, while the mean was 30 to 40. Humidity has varied consider- ably the maximum being 100 per- cent to as low as 36. These periods of low humidity are generally ac- companied by rather cold and dry northeast or east winds, and dur- ing these times there is injury showing on the bogs. However, in spite of the rain and cool weather pruning has been go- ing on whenever permitted. Other- wise work has been general re- pair and clean-up operations. State Bog Work At the Station at Long Beach the drainage system is to be recon- structed, to start pumping sand, and to scalp off some old bog in preparation for replanting in the spring. December Quakes Felt in Oregon Cranberry Area The severe earthquake of Decem- ber 21 which apparently centered at Eureka, California was felt in the Coos and Curry county (Oregon) cranberry areas. In the basement of "The West- ern World," Bandon, a printer was preparing to cast cuts when he noticed metal in the crucible "act- ing queerly." There was a swaying motion to the chandelier in the home of Mrs. Roy Jenkins between Bandon and Riverton. There was aparently no injury to any cranberry property. "Warmer Winter** Dr. H. J. Franklin, retired direc- tor Mass. Cranberry Station, who on December 9th predicted an "average" winter for the Cape cranberry area, in the last week of December revised that forecast. He now figures the winter will be "warmer than normal." This prediction is based unon weather conditions in April and November. In his first forecast, he did not have all the Anril data available. Dr. Franklin has been most accu- rate in predictions of past years. *^4 Production Second Largest On Record Last fall's crop has turned out to be the second largest on record, 1.012,000 barrels, according to the final report of the U. S. Crop Re- portng Service. This is 16 percent below the high of 1953 but 29 per- cent above the ten-year average of 787,300 barrels. The 1954 yield was below 1953 production in all five producing states, but above average in all these areas. In Massachusetts, production was 585,000 barrels which is only 5,000 barrels below the August estimate but 105,000 barrels below 1953. Cool, rainy weather in Sep- tember delayed harvest resulting in larger size fruit than usual. Some berries were more mature than usual when picked which shortened the time they could be kept for the fresh market. Color was reported as unusually good and shrinkage in screening about average. The New Jersey figure is re- ported as 91,000 as against 112,- 000 in 1953, but this is above the August figure of 77,000. The ten- year average is 77,200. Rainy weather hindered harvesting and some bogs were flooded by heavy rains accompanying the hurricanes of August and September. Wisconsin production is set at 245,000 as compared to 295,000 in 1953. This was 20,000 more than August estimate. October weather was favorable for harvesting and quality proved to be better than ex- pected earlier. The yield compares to a 166,400 barrel average. Washington harvested 62,000 barrels, with production there in 1953 being 74,000, but this was more than expected in August. The ten-year average is 38,330. Fruit did not size as well as usual. The Oregon yield is set at 29,000 as compared to 32,300 in 1953, the ten-year average being 14,470. In August expectation was for 30,000 barrels. There, as in Washington, berries did not gain expected size. OUR COVER The cover this month was photo- graphed by "Walt" Port, general manager of the Growers' Cranberry Company of New Jersey. Fort, as we have previously stated, has be- come master of the camera, and is producing pictures, which, in our opinion, rank with the best in the country. Notice the texture of the snow which his Leica caught. Dodge "JOB-RATED" Truck Trucks that fit the job Save Money — Dodge "JOB-RATED" trucks fit the job — last longer STAKE - PICK-UP - PANEL Vz - % - 1 to 4 ton Robert W. Savary East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 63-R Five MARCUS L URANN RESIGNS PRESIDENCY OF N.CA James E. Glover, His Assistant, and Vice-President is Named by Board of Directors of Cooperative to Assume Leadership. Marcus L. Urann, president of NCA, who resigned last month after many years of service, has been replaced by James E. Glover as president and general manager of the co-op by the board of di- rectors. Mr. Urann, vifho was also chairman of the National board of directors, retires after 47 years in the cranberry industry. Now 80, he had been advised some months ago by his physician to "take it easier," the rseignation announce- ment stated. Although this advice was given last March Mr. Urann stayed on as president because of the big crop of last fall. A native of Maine and a grad- uate of the University of Maine, class of 1897, Mr. Urann has long been interested in the progress of the univei'sity and has been help- ful in aiding needy and deserving students. As an undergraduate, he was founder of the honorary so- ciety of Phi Kappa Phi, which has since become a national fraternity. JAMES E. GLOVER MARCUS L. URANN After practicing law for several years, Urann became intei-ested in the ci-anberry industry on the Cape. He saw the opportunity for great expansion. He led in such expan- sion and later to the organization of large cooperative growers' as- sociations. He was one of the or- ganizers of American Cranberry Exchange ( now Eatmor Cranber- ries, Inc.) in 1907 and was a director. He saw the possibility of large- scale marketing of processed fruit as far back as 1912, and has been a great force in developing this outlet which now uses about 60 percent of the total production and has extended ci'anberry sales to the year around. Until 1930 he operated his own canning plant. In that year he joined with canning growers in Massachusetts and New Jersey to form Cranberry Canners, Inc., a cooperative open to all growers. He became the co-op's president and has remained in that post since, with main office at Hanson, Mass., where he makes his home. The company's name was later changed to the jjresent National Cranberry Asso'-'iation. With processing plants from coast to coast and in Canada Mr. Six Urann is a familiar figure to most growers as he ti-aveled widely in his duties. A few years ago he made a trip to, Europe to, study sales outlets there. He spoke at many, many meetings of cranberry growers. ■ - ■ ; i . Although leaving the presidency cf NCA he will continue his inter- ests in the industry, concentrating upon growing and his activities in United Cape Cod Cranberry Com- pany. Mr. Glover, who is 39, an at- torney, business executive and grower joined NCA's staff in Au- gust, 1951 as executive secretary to Mr. Urann. He was later ma,de assistant to Urann, and in August, 1953 was elected first vice-presi- dent. He is a charter member of the le^al committee of the Grocery Manufacturers of America, recently organized, and a member of the food committee of the National Security Industi-ial Asso;iation. He received his LLB degree from Boston University School of Law in 1940. He combined law, political activities and sales in his exper- ience. He was admitted to the. Maine Bar in 1941 and became Associate Justice of Waterville Municipal Court. From 1G46 to 1951 he was treasurer and tax col- lector of Waterville, while also conducting his own law office in that city. His sales experience was gained as sales manager of Schoemaker & Sons, New York. During the war he was in the Maritime Service, obtaining the rank of Lt. Commander. He was admitted to the Massa- chusetts Bar in 1952. Ha makes his home in Hanson, and he and Mrs. Glover have three children! In an interview with CRAN- BERRIES, Mr. Glover declared it would be impossible to try to "re- place,'' Mr. Urann, and in the true sense of the word and the job of president of NCA was a "great re- sponsibility." He asserted he was confident that with complete co- operation cf the staff "we can per- form the job to the satisfaction of the growers." He said the key to success of the industry is the work of many people and this cannot de- pend upon any one individual, Bill May Effect Mass. Cranberry Workers A bill to enlarge coverage of Massachusetts labor statutes, one that may effect cranberry proces- sors, has been filed by the State Department of Labor and Indus- tries for action at the next legis- lative session. Bill is an amendment to Section 1, Chapter 149 of the General Laws and strikes out in the defini- tion of "employment" the words "preparation and marketing of crops." In filing the bill, department said that the present statute exempts employment in the "preparation and marketing of crops from the labor statutes, and that persons in this type of employment, which is distinguished from , agricultural employment and is similar to many types of work in mechanical establishments and subject to the same hazards, are deprived of the protection .afforded to others eii- gaged in the same type of work, sometimes in the same building, because the. product does not hap- pen to be '"crops." (Continued on Page 16) ( CRANBERRIES go with this bird ^^^^^H^^^^^^^^^^v^^^l GROW with this one! T From Cape Cod to the Pacific Northwest, cranberry growers count on Rain Bird sprinklers to protect crops against " frost and drought. On the Cranguyma Farms, at Long Beach, Washington, for example, 1,000 Rain Bird sprinklers provide made-to-order rain for one of the nation's major cranberry growers. Your crops, too, will grow with Rain Birds. Consult our research and planning department today for information. There's no obligation. Be sure the system you buy meets the requirements for design, installation and perjormance as set forth by the AS-AE. Sprlnktet ImiHisn Issgciilign NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA RAINY SPRINKLER SALES 609 WEST LAKE STREET, PEORIA, ILL. Seven Improvements at Mass. Cranberrjf Station Hoped For Tentative plans for a hoped-for remodeling of the Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station were made at a meeting December 17th at the Station. Conference was attended by J. Paul Mather, president of the University of Mas- sachusetts, Dean Dale H. Selling, head of the agricultural school, station personnel, growers and marketing representatives. A move to include an engineer- ing department to the Station has been made by the Cape Cod Cran- berry Growers' Association. The association hopes, by increased re- search in the mechanical aspects of growing and harvesting eventual economies and efficiences will be realized by the industry. The improvements are the "dream" of Director Chester E. Cross, who has been named to draw un plans for a new building for the engineering experiments. Or the new building mitiht house the offices. It is also hoped to remodel and improve the present station. The plans Dr. Cross is working on follow suggestions of staff mem- bers and of growers. In the present building space for offices and experimentation is limi- ted. Dr. Cross says much n^v/ equipment is needed for increased experimentation. Plans for the en- gineering department call for an associate engineer, a "handyman", and tools for the experiments. The improvements might cost $100,000, this including the new structure. The completed plans, and request for the additional expenditures will be submitted in March along with the regular 1956 station budget. Specifications will be studied by trustees of the University, a bud- get committee ways and means committee of the Massachusetts Legislature. No action on the plan could come before the state Gen- eral Court convenes in January 1356 and any work on the project, if approved, would come at a date which is impossible to determine at this time. Attending the conference besides those already named were: Dr. Frederick Chandler and J. Richard Beatt'e of the experimental station; Ralph Thacher, Cranberry repre- sentative of the State Commodity Advisory Committee; Russell Tru- fant, an engineering consultant; Chester Robbins, president of the Southeastern Massachusetts Cran- berry Club; Charles Savary, presi- dent of the Upper Cape Cranberry Club; Arthur Handy, vice-president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers Association; Ferris Waite, vice- president of the National Cranber- ry Association; Kenneth Garside, director of the National Cranberry Association grower's services; Mel- vile Beaton, president of Beaton's Distributing Agency and Dr. Henry J. Franklin, former director of the station. Mass. Growers Discuss Hurricane Safety Measures An informal December meeting was held at the Massachusetts Cranberry Station to discuss possi- ble means to prevent damage to bojjs, should another hurricane strike the State cranberry area. Dr. F. B. Chandler presided. Estimate of damage to 450-500 acres either inundated or wind- blown spray on August 31 was made by Gilbert T. Beaton, secre- tary of Cape Cod Cranberry Grow- ers' Association. He said that in one instance, a bog a half mile from the shore was injured by flood waters. Dr. Chandler made no estimate of amount of acre damage, but said he has found traces of damage of the 19.38 hurricane remaining, and added he didn't believe ade- quate studies of hurricane dam- age have been made. It was his opinion some bogs injured in earl- ier hurricanes had never recovered fully, while others were slow in coming back. Turning to dikes, the doctor said it was costly to attempt to reclaim them if the dike material had been washed onto the bogs]. He sug- gested that dikes be constructed of wooden planking, in some in- stances. Darrell R. Sheperd, Barnstable County soil conservation officer, said he could not tell growers how high to build a dike to prevent hurricane-flood damage. He did, however, suggest 10 percent clay with soil and sand for such dikes. He said the mixture might be placed in 6-inch layers and then compressed by bulldozing, keeping the material wet during this work. Using this method, he said dikes will be water-tight. He commented that land hit by salt water be ploughed, so salt will be kept on top. If the land is left alone the salt will precipitate through the earth. WE ARE STANDING BY AT YOUR SERVICE IN THE SPRING THE C&L EQUIPMENT COMPANY For further information contact either — F. P 1101 '. CRANDON Main Strcat H. C. LEONARD 191 Leonard Street Acushnet Eight Even Hercules Would Have Balked! (EDITOR'S NOTE: The following is reprinted, with permission, from ''Re- search in Review," monthly magazine of Massachusetts Agricultural Experi- ment Station, University of Massachu- setts.) By CHESTER E. CROSS Head of Mass. Cranberry Experiment Sta. Eighteen hundred weeds to a square foot! Multiply this by 43,- 560, the number of square feet in an acre, and even Hercules would have balked at the task of pulling weeds by hand on our cranberry bogs. Yet, as recent as twenty years ago, this hopeless procedure and mowing were the only meth- ods employed in ridding the bogs of weeds. Kerosene — An Effective Killer Today, cranberry growers rare- ly pull any grass on their bogs. A year's work of time-consuming hand labor has been replaced by a million gallons of kerosene, an effective weed killer but harmless to the cranberry plants. The vines can tolerate very heavy sprayings of kerosene oil, at least in their dormant condition, but the weeds cannot. The leaves of such cranberry weeds as the grasses, sedges, and rushes are so con- structed that the kerosene spreads to the base of the leaves where the oil lodges and kills the tissues. Spraying Not Expensive If, therefore, a grassy bog is sprayed with kerosene at the rate of 300 to 400 gallons to an acre, all the weed tops die and no measur- able injury occurs to the cranberry vines. If 800 to 1000 gallons of kerosene are sprayed to an acre, the weed roots as well as the weed tops will die. It is possible with a spray costing less than $150 an acre to treat a bog so overgrown with weeds that no cranberry vines are visible. Such a spraying will insure the bogs from all grassy weeds the following season and, with proper care, for many more seasons. Control Difficult In several ways, weed control in cranberries is more difficult than in other crops. First, cranberry vines are perennial and evergreen. As they grow, they cover the whole surface of the bog, usually with 200 to 600 leafy stems a square foot. Once the vines are planted and fully grown, the ground is never again plowed or harrowed, and, if well cared for, will produce annually for 90 years or more. It is easy to see, then, how weeds can become established with heavy and sometimes very extensive root systems. Moreover, in order to re- move the weeds, the vines must be trampled, equipment rolled over them, and their roots disturbed. Weeds Thrive on Bogs Weeds, like the crop plants with which they compare, need moisture, nutrients, and sunlight to thrive. In a cranberry bog, there is usually plenty of moisture for the various weeds growing there. The bogs, usually flooded during the winter, are frequently reflooded in the spring and fall to protect them from frost (and occasionally to drown insects), and in the summer to provide irrigation. Such wet conditions prevailing on the bogs are ideal for weed growth. The grasses, sedges, and rushes, which constitute the major weed problem, grow up through the vines, spread their leaves above, and take advantage of their height to intercept the sunlight and shade the cranberries. Sanding Necessary Cranberry bogs must be covered with a layer of sand one-half to one inch thick every three to five years. PDB (paradichlorobenzene), used for killing peach borers and keeping moths out of closets, is scattered at the rate of 7% pounds to a square rod and covered imme- diately with an inch of sand. This kills nearly all the poison ivy and wild bean present. Yet, the vines are unaffected and, surprisingly, show greatly in- creased vigor. This method of eliminating two troublesome peren- nal weeds is a greatly improved (Continued on Page 16) Kerosene, at the rate of 5000 to 7000 gallons a day, is sprayed on cranberry bogs direct from tank trucks. (Photo by J. Richard Beattie) Spike rushes are common weeds on wet cranberry bogs. Here effective kill by Stoddard Solvent spray is illustrated. (Photo by J. Richard Beattie) Nina Top: Cape Cod growers, Howard Morris and George Briggs confer with President Clarence Searles; Eat- ni^;- o J--,;!- I :, ' . .^; ^l-.-.-cs, cir,u ^.i^iiij Ap..l, w nv licaus up the Laimor process division, at a directors' meeting held in Bridgton, New Jersey, December. 11. Following a successful meeting the directors took the opportunity to tour through and observe the April Brothers canning facilities in Tuckahoe, New Jer- sey, where better than 500,000 cases of cranberry sauce were packed in 1954. Lower: New Jersey's final 1954 fresh fruit shipment was made from the packing house of Rogers Brick in Medford. Alvin Brick (right) is New Jersey's largest packer of fresh fruit cranberries. Mac Crabbe (left) examining the berries holds an enviable record among New Jersey growers in that he recently marketed a 50.7 barrels average from 107 acres without gathering floaters. While such an average doesn't create a stir nationally, it does indicate the progress growers are making with their culture problems in a state with an average of 19 bairels jiei acie Tw ISSUE OF JANUARY 1955 Vol. 19-No. 9 "' ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT FOR MASS. STATION? J^OPES for major improvement at the [J. Massachusetts Cranberry Experiment Station are being entertained by staff mem- bers, growers and other interested persons,,, This, the first of cranberry research station began with a single man. Dr. H. J. Frank- lin about 45 years ago. Today workers there number about ten. Office space is insufficient and so is space and equipment for experimentation. A novel feature in the proposed im- provements would be an engineerin.g de- partment. This would pioneer in mechani- cal needs of the industry. There is much inventive genius within the ranks of grow- ers themselves, and available from the outside. But specific cranberry mechanical research can be of much value. In this highly technical and mechanized day and age the cranberry grower must have the best of possible tools to work with. This is a highly competitive time, and the cran- berry industry is but one small part of our economy. Any means of cutting costs from the bog to the packing house should be welcome. MR. URANN RETIRES PROBABLY the biggest of recent cran- berry news is the resignation of Marcus L. Urann as president of National C'^anberrv Association after so many years of active service in the industry. He was pdvispd bv his doctor to decrease his re- '^T-'onsibilities, the announcement declared. Mr. Urann now 80 is not td'retire but will concentrate on private growing and his activities in the United Gape Cod Cran- berry Company. •' Mr. Urann has been a rather contro- ^'ersial figure, it cannot be denied. But he has also been a ma:n of great vision, and r-ssuredly-a tireless worker. He has shut- tled' from coast to coast. He literally "lived" cranberries; although his original interest was processed fruit. It is in this letter field that he contributed most, and while NCA is not the only canner "Ocean '^nray" became the best known brand because of the eflforts of Mr. Urann and his associates, and through intensive advertis- ing and merchandising. CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS ^ Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J, HALL EDITH S. HALL— A.ssociate Editor CORRESPONDENTS — ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Wisconsin Rapids Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent ., r. Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pembertori; New Jersey James E. Glover, 39, who has been his arsistant has now taken over the helm of active management and has comDetent ipsistants to rely upon. But his job will be no easy one. MISS ELIZABETH C. WHITE We regret belatedly to learn of the death of Miss White at the age of 83. Her interest in cranberries and especially blue- berries has meant much in the field of hor- ticulture. She was a pioneer in assisting in the cultivation of the "big blues," which are so popular in the markets. Eleven HISTORY OF THE CRANBERRY INDUSTRY IN WISCONSIN (EDITOR'S NOTE: The following i> from Bulletin No. 322, Wisconsin State Department of Agriculture, a recent pub- lication and is printed ¥dth permission). Any attempt to write a history of Wisconsin's cranberry industry must be somewhat incomplete. For the earlier years data are largely lacking. However, the complex cranberry industry which the state now has can be understood more readily if its development over the past century is reviewed. Condi- tions today, while vastly different from those in early years of cran- berry production in Wisconsin, nevertheless have some things in common with historical experience. The purpose of this summary is to bring together a review of some of the early developments which probably have a bearing on the long-run shaping of the cran- berry industry in this state. Many sources have been consulted in an effort to prepare this brief his- torical statement. The writers have attempted to credit the origi- nal sources in footnotes. Probably some significant points are omit- ted, but it is believed that enough material has been brought together to offer a reasonably clear picture of the early cranberry industry and its later growth and changes. One of the earliest mentioned dates in connection with Wisconsin cranberries is found in the account of LeSuer's "Port on the Miss- issippi" in 1700—02.1 The author states that the Indians had a place of residence where they went to gather fruit, among which were the "Atoqua". Atoqua was the Algonquian name for cranberries (Vaccinium Macocarpon). The name "cranberry" has been derived from the appearance of the bud. Just before it expands into a per- fect flower the stem, calyx, and petals resemble the neck, head, and beak of a crane. The original name "craneberry" has been changed to "cranberry". The story is told that Ebenezer Childs, a New Eng- lander who became a pioneer store- keeper in Green Bay and later in LaCrosse, took eight boatloads of cranberries from Green Bay, Wis- consin to Galena, Illinois in 1828. The fruit was exchanged for provi- sions to supply a camp of Indian shingle makers who were working for Whitney at the mouth of the Yellow River in Juneau County. In 1849 a considerable trade in cranberries was carried on in Jun- eau County with the Winnebago Indians, who at that time had been twice removed from Wisconsin but were back again about as numerous as before. First Cultivation The earliest record that we have of cranberry cultivation in the state is in the year 1853 when the crop was found in the Berlin area. A Mr. H. Floyd of Berlin, Wiscon- sin, read a paper before the Horti- cultural Society in which he stated that a Mr. Peffer "had cultivated cranberries since 1853 and found they grew readily from cuttings, even in clay soil. He found diffi- culty with frost heaving the ground and covering the vines with muck where he had scalped the marshes." Cranberry cultivation at this time meant only a few improvements in the native marshes such as ditch- ing for drainage and flooding. Pos- sibly some effort was made to con- trol weeds. No definite informa- tion is available to show if plant- ing and sanding had been practiced at this early date. By the late 1850's commercial culture of the native cranberries was well estab- lished in the Berlin area. In the year 1859 the cranberry crop in the Berlin area was so large that they were unable to harvest all of it. The following year was very wet and the vines were injured to such an extent that it took two years for them to recover. Later the marshes were partially ditched so that the surplus water could be taken off and an annual crop could be depended upon. The value of the 1869 crop expressed in terms of wheat would require 12,000 acres of wheat yielding 10 bushels per acre at $1.00 per bushel. It would have required 40,000 barrels of apples at $3.00 per barrel to equal the value of the 1869 cranberry crop. Cranberries First Harvested From Wild Marshes Before commercial production began in the Berlin area, wild cranberries had been of consider- able importance. This is evidenced by the Wisconsin law providing a penalty of $50 for the offense of picking or having in one's posses- sion unripe cranberries before the 20th of September. In the origi- nal surveyor's field notes of the first survey of Adams County made in 1851 is the following note: Twp. 19 N. Range 6 E, "North half completely spotted with marsh- es, many very valuable for cran- berries yielding at the rate of 200 to 400 bushels per acre". Cran- berry marshes are mentioned in the original field notes in many other locations in Wisconsin. Beginning Of Commercial Production One of the first large-scale cran- berry producers in Wisconsin was Edward Sackett, who came to the state from Sackett Harbor, N. Y. He purchased 700 acres of bog land near Berlin and built dams and ditches so that the native cranber- ries could be flooded for frost and insect protection. Records show that his crop in 1865 was 938 bar- rels which sold in Chicago for $14 to $16 per barrel. Four years later, in 1869, his crop was valued at $70,000. At this time Chicago was also receiving considerable quan- tities of native cranberries picked from wild land harvested mostly by Indian labor. In the year 1865 the Berlin area had about 1,000 acres of marshland which might be classified as improved for cranberry production. These improved marsh- es were listed in connection with such names as Carey Brothers, Sackett, Walters, Rounds and Com- pany, Mason, Spencer, and others. Rounds and Company had 10 miles of ditches and Spencer had 8 miles. The Carey Brothers had 15 miles of ditch and a canal 1% miles long leading from their millpond at Aurorahville built at a cost of $7,800. In 1871 it was reported that D. N. Rundell of Aurora har- vested 1,000 barrels of cranberries from 40 acres of marsh. His crop, which sold for $10,000 cost him Twelve $4,000 to produce, leaving a net profit of $6,000. The crop of 1869 was estimated at 11,000 barrels valued at $120,000. Value of the cranberry marshes was at once ap- preciated and in 1873 the town of Aurora agreed to assess the best cranberry properties at $15,000. Other marshes were graded in ac- cordance with the value of the previous year's crop. The following table shows Wis- consin cranberry production for the Berlin area as given in "Wiscon- sin Magazine of History" for Cranberry Production in the Berlin Area Production Year Barrels 1870 10,000 1871 20,000 1872 - 30,000 1874 30,000 1879 16,000 1881 6,000 1882 5,000 1883 3,000 March, 1944. The cranberry boom in the Berlin area increased prop- perty values greatly. Land for- merly considered worthless was valued as high as $100 to $300 per acre. Cost for Building a Marsh is Important The cost of preparing and plant- ing in the Berlin area during the 1870's was estimated at $300 to $600 per acre. G. N. Smith made a comparison in cost of building a cranberry marsh in Wisconsin and New Jersey. Figuring the marsh- land in Wisconsin at $25 an acre, the cost of bringing a 40-acre m.arsh into production in Wiscon- sin would be $2,300 compared with $15,300 in New Jersey. The great difference was due to the difference in the cost of land which was taken at a minimum of $300 an acre in New Jersey. One local newspaper estimated that about two-thirds of the money received from Wisconsin cranberries during the early years was net profit. Today, costs are considerably higher and profits a smaller proportion of the value of sales. Year of Drought, Fire, and Flood The year 1871 was an extremely dry one in the central west. That was the year of the Chicago and Peshtigo fires. During that same year there were many marsh firea in Wisconsin and the cranberry in- dustry was dealt a serious blow. The decade following 1871 was a trying time for cranberry growers in Wisconsin. Many marshes had been destroyed by fire or severely damaged. Much acreage had to be replanted. In 1883 flood waters covered the area and caused heavy losses from decay of the partially ripened fruit. In that same year heavy frost occurred on September 12 and destroyed most of the re- maining crop. Although the Berlin area made some recovery after the fire and flood damage, there was a sharp decline in cultivated acreage after 1874. After that time there was a noticeable shift in the geography of the Wisconsin cran- berry industry away from the Ber- lin area. Center of Cranberry Culture Shifts to Central Wisconsin Although the early development of cranberries in Wisconsin was in the Berlin region the expansion later into the central region fol- lowed a similar pattern. The ex- pansion in the central region took place over wide sections of the for- mer Glacial Lake bed. Like the Berlin area, cranberries were na- tive to this region but improve- ments were not made here as early as in the Berlin area. Abundant harvests were gathered by the Ind- ians who made anual encampments in the region to harvest the fruit. In the earlier period the fruit was shipped by oxcart as far as Ber- lin— a distance of 80 miles. Sufficient Water Of Right Composition Needed Soon after commercial produc- tion was started in Wisconsin it became apparent that a never-fail- ing supply of water was essential in cranberry production. In addi- tion to an adequate source of water, means had to be provided for removing surplus water from marshes. This was demonstrated in 1883 when flood water damaged a good share of the crop. In 1885 the owners of the Sackett marsh tapped the Fox River at Sacramento, a few miles south of Berlin but about one mile from the marsh. The water level at the river was lower than the marsh so some mechanical force was necessary to bring the water from the river to the iitarsli. A govern- ment dredge was scheduled to dig the ditch which was to be 40 feet wide and 4 feet deep. Work on the canal was started on April 24, 1885 and on May 29, 1885 the job was about completed. Then efforts were started to install pumping equipment. The pump was brought from New Orleans. To aid with the installation as well as assist in promotion work, the inventor and manufacturers were on hand. An engineer from Fairbanks, Morse, and Company came to in- spect the equipment. A large crowd attended the official test. The Willow River was later tapped to supply water for the Berlin cranberry marshes. These water sources might well have hastened the decline in the Berlin cranberry industry because of the alkaline content of the water. Some Pioneers in Wisconsin Cranberry Industry The ci'anberry boom in the Ber- lin area introduced many new names to the industry. But as the producing area shifted to central Wisconsin we find such names as Whittesley, Potter, Searls, Ben- nett, Hamilton, Fitch, Palmeter, Gaynor, Smith, Arpin, and Rezin, and others who were mentioned as pioneers in the industry. Many of these names are, today, still prominent in Wisconsin's cran- berry industry indicating a tend- ency toward a continued family en- terprise. Sherman N. Whittlesey bought a marsh in what is now known as Cranmoor, Wood County, in 1871. Potter Brothers started a marsh there in 1872 and the Searls Brothers and Bennett started in 1873. Cranmoor Growers Build Canal The importance of water of the right chemical composition was em- phasized as early as 1876 by Mr. H. Floyd of Berlin and again in 1877 by C. S. Whittier of Camp Douglas. Mr. Andrew Searls made an extensive study of the use of artesian wells as a source of water in growing cranberries. This was not very successful. Later he re- sorted to ditches which conducted water from natural sources. Ditches and marshes were dredged to provide water storage to be used as needed. A 2% mile ditch was Thirteen dredged on the Searls marsh in the Cranmoor area. Many ditches have been di'edged since. Finally, in 1933 growers in the Cranrhoor Dis- trict constructed a canal 12 miles long which brough water from the Wisconsin River. This canal cost the growers about $50,000. Other cranberry areas in the state secure water from the natural lakes and streams. Most growers provide a reservoir or dam of some' sort to hold water in storage until it is needed. It was then estimated that an average of 5 to 7 acres of flow- age land or reservoir was needed to supply adequate water for one acre of cranberries. Cranbery Growing Improves Land Values Many of the early settlers in the central sand region of Wis- consin were interested in general farming. But there were many who failed because of the low productivity of the land and. .large acreage becarne tax delinquent.. Back taxes were;; the price . tag on many acres of this marshland. Later on much o;f this land was im- proved and cranberry bogs estab- lished and some of the land was valued as high as $.500 an acre. This development on the old Glacial Lake bed covered parts of southern Wood County, more scattered parts of eastern Jackson, northeastern Monroe, and northwestern Juneau Counties. One area has come to be known as the Cranmoor District and the other as the Mather-War- rens District. Improved marsh area in these two districts was esti- mated at 2,500 acres in 1875 and the larger part of this acreage was native vines whi-'h had been im- proved because new plantings were still insignificant. Later on the de- velopment moved into Washburn and Burnett Counties. Recently ONE - WAY LOW - LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT-LINE PUMPS This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN See COLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. cranberry acreage has been extend- ed into Price, Vilas, and Oneida Counties. Cranberry Varieties .. Little attention was given to cranberry varieties by the early Wisconsin grower. Most of the early crops were harvested from native vines on improved marsh- land. However, as early as the 1860's some growers were select- ing vines from the wild native stands for planting. Naturally vines yielding the lai-gest and; best quality fruit were selected. In 1871 John B. Vliet of Dartford planted a choice variety which he imported from New Jersey. This was prob- ably the first importatation of ci'anberry stock to Wisconsin. In 1893 Andrew Searls found growing wild on his farm a large berry which he propagated. This variety came to be known as the "Searls Jumbo" and is today the most im- portant variety grown in the state. At a meeting at Mather in 1900 at- tention was called to diseases which seemed to be prevalent with the Palmetor, Berlin, and Metallic Bell varieties. To combat spread of disease the McFarlin variety which is more resistant to disease was re:ommended. The Bennett variety was also recommended. Methods of Harvesting Most of the early crops were picked by hand. This required many pickers. In one yea.r the Carey marsh employed 1,50.0 pick- ers. In 1872 about $50,000 was paid for picking the crop in the Berlin area. An engineer by the name of W. T. Cosgrain of Sturgeon Bay was given credit for having sug- gested that "raking on the; flood" would bring about a saying in labor. He suggested that harvest- ing be done by flooding the. marsh until the berries floated, then re- moving the fruit by rakes. It was probably years later before this method came into general use for in the decade before World War I pickers were still harvesting by hand. One of the first men to em- ploy the flooding and raking sys- tem was Andrew Searls. He found the average harvest per man was nearly doubled by using the rake. Water raking for harvesting sub- sequently became almost a univer- sal practice on Wisconsin marshes. Fourteen However, in recent years several makes of mechanical pickers have been developed and have been used in Wisconsin. Sanding Cranberry Marshes Sanding cranberry marshes had been a common practice in the eastern states long before it was introduced in Wisconsin. According to Andrew Searls the first sanding in Wisconsin was done by Ralph Smith about 1890. This tended to improve the quality of the fi'uit and increase yields as well as im- prove the bog surface. The prac- tice of sanding accomplishes sev- eral purposes but probably the most important is that it anchors the vines and shoots and maintains good stands. The application var- ies in amount and is always applied during the winter when marshes are frozen to permit trucks to drive over the marsh. Cranberry Growers Organizations The first record we have of ef- forts of Wisconsin cranberry grow- ers to form an organization dates back to 1871. In that year some expei'ienced growers and a few amateurs formed the Berlin Cran- berry Association. G. N. Smith was chosen secretary. It seems that a good share of his duties were to inform new growers on the techniques of cranberry culture. His article on "Ci'anbery Growing in Wisconsin" published in the transactions of the Wisconsin State Agricultural Society for 1870 has been used as a source of reference in this study. The Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Association was organized at New Lisbon, Wisconsin on Janu- ary 4, 1887. The first annual con- vention was held at Mather, Wis- consin in August 1887. Early in the 20th century Peycke Brothers of Kansas City purchased the bulk of the Wisconsin annual cranbery crop. Efforts were made by some of the leading state grow- ers to unite their efforts in the dis- position of the crop. In 1906 the Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Grow- ers Cooperative was formed. A. U. Chaney and Judge Gaynor were largely responsible for this organi- zation. Clark Treat was one of the first named directors of the coop- erative. It has operated without major change since that time. Later the Wisconsin and the east- ern cranberry growers united to form the National Cranberry Sales Company. The name was later changed to American Cranberry Exchange. The product was to be sold under the trade name of "Eat- mor Cranberries". Mr. A. U. Chaney was manager of this or- ganization until his death. The introduction of canning and processing of cranberries during the early 1930's gave rise to an- other organization known as the National Cranberry Association. Growers in the Pacific Coast States became affiliated with the Ameri- can Cranberry Exchange and the National Cranberry Association in 1947. In 1949 these two associ- ations formed what is known as the "Cranberry Growers Council". This council is composed of representa- tives from both organizations. This council determines in advance what part of the crop is to go for fresh market and what part shall be moved through processing chan- nels. Although growers in Washington and Oregon did not unite with the American Cranberry Exchange and the National Cranberry Association until 1947, these state were becom- ing increasingly important cran- berry states. Cranberries were first estimated for the West Coast States in 1924. In that year Wash- ington had a crop of 9,800 barrels | and Oregon had 4,200 barrels. Each of these two states has increased its cranberry output during the past 25 years. In the past several years the Washington crop has been about three times the size of Oregon. During the past decade neither of these two western states has expanded as rapidly as Wis- consin. Wisconsin Historical Collections, Volume 16. Joseph J. White, "Cranberry "Again, as always, we invite growers to compare returns.'' CRANBERRY GROWERS, Inc. Mead -Witter BIdg. Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin iBiiiiBiimiii STONE & FORSYTH COMPANY Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVEREn, MASS Tei. EV 7 • 1240 - 1241 - 1242 Fifteen Culture", New York— Orange Judd Co., 1901. Wisconsin Historical Collections, Volume 4, page 176. Wisconsin Historical Collections, Volume 8, page 400. Loyal Durand, Jr., "Wisconsin Cranberry Industry". G. N. Smith, "Cranberry Grow- ing in Wisconsin", (Transactions of the Wisconsin State Agricul- tural Society for 1870). Neal E. Stevens & Jean Nash, "Development of Cranberry Grow- ing in Wisconsin," Wisconsin Magazine of History, March 1944. Proceedings of the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers Associ- ation. Wisconsin Academy of Sci- ence, Volume 32 1940. We Kept You Posted in 1954 Another years is spent and CRANBERRIES has kept you posted on the regular activities in the industry, such as the re- ports of Clubs, Association meet- ings, "Cranboree" and "Festivals." We have announced with pictures the Queens and the Cranberry Girl and Boy. The Extension Service of Massachusetts has contributed a column ea.'h month. Your maga- zine has had articles and pictures of much of the new equipment. During the year some information has been included on highbush blueberries. A history of the cran- berry industry started several years ago has been continued and "write-ups" of several growers have been included in the maga- zine. In addition to the above which have been more or less regular features of CRANBERRIES, you have read several articles on bees and articles on fertilizer, drain- age, irrigation and water relations have been published. There have been several natural disasters dur- ing 1954 and the effects of these on cranberries have been reported — we refer to the hailstorms, forest fires and hurricanes. Some outstanding changes have occured this past year and the effect of these on the cranberry industry will not be known for some time. Prof. Crowley, the leader of cranberry research on the Pacific Coast retired. He is build- Sixteen ing a bog at Long Beach and will be consulted by many growers even though he has retired. . The. New England Sales Company has been dissolved, also the Coos Bay Cooperative, which resulted in many changes in Eatmor, Inc. Following the idea of Mr. McFarlin from Carver who went to Wash- ington many years ago, three Car- ver growers have planned to go to Vancouver to increase an industry already started on Lul Island. Cranberries also reported the first attempts to start 4-H Club work in cranberries. We hope to be able to give you a complete coverage of the cran- bery industry in 1955. Hercules (Continued from Page 9) one over the old system of pulling or grubbing out. Iron Sulfate Still Valuable One of the oldest of weed killers, iron sulfate (sugar of iron or green vitriol), is still of great value in weed control — several hun- dred tons of it being used annual- ly. Again, it is the great tolerance of cranberry vines that makes it possible to use this chemical. At the rate of two or three tons scat- tered evenly to an acre, it will kill several species of ferns, sand spurrey, tearthumb, and others. With this chemical the grower can eliminate at least twenty ferns for every one he could dig out by hand. Here is another example of man- hours saved in a modern world of new chemical knowledge directed through proper channels for the ultimate good. Bill May Effect (Continue dfrom Page 7) If enacted, employees in the cranberry industry, such as those in screenhouses, are expected to come under the bill's provisions. SAVARY'S GARAGE NEW DODGE TRUCK DEALER Robert W. Savary, Onset Ave., Wareham, Mass., has been ap- pointed a factory-authorized dealer to sell and service Dodge "job- rated" trucks. Mr. Savary says the Dodge trucks meet approx- imately 98 percent of all hauling jobs in a wide range of horse- power and hauling capacity. The new "C-1" series offers both V-8 and 6-cylinder engines. A wide range of panel, pick-up, express, stake, as well as special bodies offered. Included are a 4-wheel drive power wagon and a van delivery. Dodge has been in the truck business since 1917; Mr. Savary has been doing business at the same location for 30 years. There is a conxplete service and repair department. NOW IS THE TIME To Try Some Constructive Thinking And Planning For The Coming Season What to budget for weed control, insect control, sanding, and other bog "musts". It is an excellent time to review those seldom-checked insurance policies. Are they up-to-date, are they adequate, are they written at the lowest possible cost? Call on us for experienced assistance in making this review. Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0S30 Miss Elizabeth White Passes Away Miss Elizabeth C. White long- famed in the New Jersey cran- berry and blueberry business pas- sed away at her home Whitesbog, November 27. She was 83. She was the daughter of Joseph J. White, one of the early grow- ers of New Jersey. Whitesbog is unique in the cranberry industry, in that it con- sists of three villages, and has it's own postoffice. INSECTICIDES & FERTILIZER throigh your \ Sprbflcling k $yi|em \ Pcfected after 25 years of actuol field tests, the new Prizer Sprinkler System Ap- plrcator enables yow to apply oil SOLU- BLE soil a m me nd- ments, soluble fertil- izers, and liquid fer- tilizers to any crop that's sprinkler irri- gated. *Labor costs cut in hotf *No waste of material *Will not cleg sprinklers ♦Even distribution The CHARLES W. HARRIS COMPANY 26 Somerset Ave. N. Dighton, Mass, STARTING 1955! And the time is here to review the past and make plans for the future. RESOLVE, that ELECTRICITY shall play a larger part — in your cranberry work and in your home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM TEL. 200 PLYMOUTH TEL. 1300 It Pays to Advetlise in Cranberries fhwr-Rane 400 Ceo^ttt Your SHUR- RANE Dealer FIELD -BROOK EQUIPMENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgewater Phone E. B. 8-2761 Serving Cranberry Growers from Cape Cod to Coquille Members of NCA enjoy these advantages . . . • Plants located close to cranberry-growing areas so that growers can deliver berries as fast as they are picked. No shrinkage! • An outlet for fresh and canned cranberries under a brand that has consumer contidence : Ocean Spray. • One pool for fresh and canned, giving growers the combined bene- fit of both outlets without the gamble of either. • The specialized skill of an organization that started in 1912 and has built an ever-expanding cooperative to serve cranberry growers. Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Coquille, Oregon NATIONAL CRANBERRY ASSOCIATION The Growers' Cooperative I SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY , ■ \GOODELL LIBRARY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON PHILIP E. MARUCCI (Cran. Gro. Co. photo) SERYINGi^niE GEANBE^Xv INIMJ^TRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES ETpert Workmnnihip Only Genuine Parts ui«4 Engine Driven Generators For Emergancr PortabU and All Applic»tio»8 Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established l»It Ttl. 334 HANOVER, MA3S. EQUIPMENT The National Bank of Wareham HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS PUMPS IRRIGATION SPRINKLER SHUR-RANE PIPE RAINBIRD HEADS DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Conveniently located for Cranberry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At ScreenhouicB, Bo(s and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. T.l. W* ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE "The Car With The lOO-Million Dollar Look!" Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Waieham 63-R Goodyear and Federal Tires Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. Send A Copy To Your Friends . . . WITHOUT CHARGE pers To . Addi City Please Bend a free copy of CKANBERRIES with my compliments to the j ons listed below: To — - Z State City Z St.t« Sender 1 HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 2 4 Mill St. Artington 74. Mass. Tel. AR 5-6100, t-6101 RAIN BIRD REPRESENTATIVE SPEAKER AT IRRIGATION CONFERENCE IN CALIFORNIA Alfred S. Gray of National Rain Bird Sales and Engineering Cor- poration, Azura, CaL, was named onference chairman of the Annu- al California Sprinkler Irrigation Conference at Fresno Feb. 3 and 4. This, an all-day session, brought discussions of newest findings in irrigation, soil conservation, fertilizers, system design and re- lated subjects. Mr. Gray opened the meeting, and in the afternoon discussed sprinklers. Leaders in the ir- rigation field from private indus- try and governmental agencies at- tended along with faculty mem- bers of leading agricultural uni- versities. "CRANBERRIES" ADVERTISING PAYS BIG DIVIDENDS! Reasonable Rates on Request One Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry Specialist New Policy Needed The time has arrived, if nut overdue, when the cranberry in- dustry must re-evaluate some of its present policies and make some careful decisions as to its future course. We are faced with an- other burdensome carry-over in freezers only a few short years af- ter a similar depressing experi- ence. Returns to growers have been discouragingly low and pros- pects for the coming year are far from bright. This past fall the industry found itself in the pecu- liar situation of having very lit- tle fresh fi'uit suitable for the Christmas and New Year's mar- ket in spite of raising the second largest crop on record. Our fresh fruit people tell us that if we had produced better quality fruit an- other hundred thousand barrels could have been sold fresh. In spite of a delayed harvest which resulted in vine-ripened fruit suitable for cocktail and whole sauce standards, only a relatively small tonnage will be available for these important outlets. This distressing story could be con- tinued but it would serve no great purpose. The important thing is to determine the reasons for our ills and correct them. Again Quality The one point on which the in- dustry is reasonably well agreed is that poor quality fruit has been a major contributing factor to our present dilemma. It is not a new problem by any means, but un- fortunately one that has received relatively little attention over the last few years. As a result, our business has been slowly under- mined by a policy that paid as much for poor fruit as it did for good fruit. Large crops, weak berries, and an ever-increasing tonnage in our freezers are ample pi'oof of our unsound position to- day. So much for the darker side of the picture. It is now time to examine the brighter side. There is every indication that our industry is coming to grips with this quality program. In- dustry committees are hard at work endeavoring to develop con- structive programs that vsdll en- courage growers to produce qual- ity fruit. Present methods of handling our crop from the har- vest through the shipping oper- ations are being carefully exam- ined in view of correcting or im- proving existing techniques. Stricter grades and tighter stand- ards of quality are being thor- oughy investig-ated. An inspec- tion service of the crop pi-ior to harvest in order to secure data on bog practices affecting quality is receiving careful consideration. Adjustments in sci'eening costs are under study, as well as the more orderly receipts of berries at central screening or milling plants. Greater responsibility on the part of growers to store a por- tion of their crop in order to re- lieve the congested screening or milling problem is under consid- eration. The need for improved storage conditions will not be overlooked. These problems and many more are receiving major attention. Committee for Quality Dr. C. E. Cross and the writer have been privileged to serve on one of the nrany committees that have been appointed to prepare suggestions and recommendations for correcting some of the exist- ing ills. It has been most stimu- lating to work with men like Fred Lang and John Roberts of Wis- consin and Isaac Harrison of New Jersey, plus many of our own Massachusetts people. Much re- mains to be done, but we are con- fident that necessary steps will be taken to place our industry on a quality basis that is so funda- mental to success. Sanding on Ice Reference was made in this col- umn last month that we were en- joying a relatively mild winter as of January 14, and as a result many growers had delayed flood- ing their bogs. We hardly need to be reminded that the weather pattern changed soon after mid- January and we experienced a pro- longed "cold spell" that lasted un- til February 7. Temperatures remained below freezing for seven days. While 3° below zero was the lowest temperature recorded at the Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion during this period, it was the steady cold plus high winds that really made life uncomfortable. However, it had its brighter as- pects because growers were able to do m'ore ice sanding than for many years. Every available piece of sanding equipment from wheelbarrows to ancient trucks were pressed into service on som'3 bogs. It was quite a sight to see some of these 1926-1928 Model T Ford trucks scurrying back and forth between the sandpit and the ice-coated bogs and quickly spreading an even coat of sand on the ice. We understand that Carl Urann designed the special half- ton truck body with the hand hoist and spi'eader roll used for this particular purpose many years ago and that the Hayden Separator Manufacturing Com- pany built them for growers. This equipment was certainly doing a splendid job when we visited some of these operations in January. The Oxygen Deficiency Problem The accumulation of ice and a few inches of snow created a rather serious oxygen deficiency problem throughout the area, as indicated by oxygen tests made by George Rounsville. A card was mailed to growers suggest- ing that the water be withdrawn from under the ice if water sup- Two plies were ample for reflooding should it become necessary. As a result, the water was withdrawn from a considerable acreage of bog, and weather conditions as of February 10 have not warranted reflooding of these properties. Green Scum There is another winter task that requires attention, and we are referring to the problem of controlling green scum. Febru- ar is a good month to check bogs for this pest and if it is present to take advantage of the ice and broadcast fine crystals of copper sulfate on the ice at the rate of 10 pounds an acre. Sometimes it is necessary to repeat the appli- cation in March. The past his- tory of the scum problem is a de- pendable guide as to whether treatments will be necessary. A word of caution is in order be- cause copper sulfate is harmful to flsh life. A reasonable period of time should elapse before draining off the winter flood into any fish pond or stream after treating for scum. Charts Ready The Cranberry Insect, Disease and Weed Control Charts have been revised and are now being printed. The County Agricul- tural Agents will mail the new charts to growers early in March. As usual, the experiments and ob- servations of the growers who as- sisted with the revision of these charts was most helpful to the Expei-iment Station staff'. Conservation Program Growers are reminded again of the assistance they may receive under the 1955 Agricultural Con- servation Pi'ogi-am. Financial and technical assistance is avail- able in the construction of ditches, dikes, flumes, and underground drainage systems. The Soil Con- servation Service technicians. Ag- ricultural Conservation Pi-ogram field men. Forest Service person- nel. Farm Credit representatives, and County Agricultural Agents are working as a team to help growers who enrolled in this pro- gram. We suggest that those in- terested consult their County Ag- ricultural Agents for further de- tails. A State Owned Cranberry Bog (Editor's Note: The following is pari of an address delivered before the American Cranberry Grower's Association by Dr. Henry J. Franklin at New Bruns- wick, New Jersey, forty years ago.) I judge from the fact that your Executive Committee has asked nre to come here today to speak on the subject that has been as- signed to me, that you are hoping to extend, intensify and make more permanent the experimental work that has heretofore been carried on for you with consider- able difficulties and interruptions. If I can assist you in any way in bringing this about, I am only too glad to do so. I have for some time felt the need of more com- pany in this comparatively new line of agricultural research. If you have a permanent station es- tablished here, it will serve, to a considerable extent, as a means for checking up the results we work out on Cape Cod. The New Jersey cranberry growing section is, on the other hand, located near enough to us to be neighborly, and, while I have not had the opportunity to visit any of your bogs, a thing which I have long desii'ed to do, I feel certain from what I have been told that, while your methods and conditions are in some respects different from our ways of doing things on the Cape, they are nevertheless more like Cape Cod methods than are those of Wis- consin. This nearness of loca- tion and somewhat greater like- ness of methods will naturally cause us in Massachusetts to give rather more careful attention to any results you may obtain here than to the results of work done in Wisconsin. There is no doubt, however, that New Jersey has pe- culiar cranberry problems of its own which will require special in- vestigation here. Our climate is somewhat different from yours, and climate is one of the great factors affecting the methods to be employed in the growing of any crop. The results that we obtain in Massachusetts may : be in many cases more or less appli- cable to the needs of the New Jersey growers. Mr. Cranberry Grower The time is getting short. If you wish to save yourself $100. place your order for a WESTERN PICKER be- fore March 1, 1955. You are going to buy a WESTERN PICKER if you stay in the cranberry raising business, so why not now? The National Cranberry Association is buying 25 machines this year. Why ? Because they have watched the WESTERN PICKER from its introduction in Massachusetts in 1947 to the present time, and they know it is the only successful pick- ing machine for the industry today. If you own a WESTERN PICKER, now is the time to bring it to our shop in So. Middleboro for an overhaul. FRANK W. COOK, Cor. of Spruce and Locust St. So. Middleboro, Mass. (ADV.) Three Kerosene as Insect Killer (EDITOR'S NOTE: The following was delivered before a meeting of the Ameri- can Cranberry Growers' Association in New Jersey). Philip E. Marucci New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory All growers are familial" with kerosene as a weed killer, which is its principal use on cranberry bogs, but not many are aware of the fact that it is doing a good control job for them on certain cranberry insects. Kerosene is one of the earliest insecticides ever used by man. It was in use as early as 176.3, but was not much employed because of the very reason it is now used by cranberry growers — its plant killing properties. Emul- sions containing from 5 to 15 per- cent kerosene were tolerated by plants and were much used in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century to control San Jose scale on apple as well as other scales, mosquitoes and other insects. It is no wonder, then, that kerosene applied undiluted and at the high dousing rates of from 400 to 800 gallons per acre gives good control of some cranberry insects. Kerosene will kill insect eggs as well as larvae and adults. In this respect this old-fashioned insecti- cide is even more potent than many of the modern ones. It has the potentiality of killing many insects in almost any stage if the pests are in an exposed condition at the time it is applied. Unfortunately many of the cranberry insects are not present on the cranberry plant early in the spring when kerosene is normally aplied. However, as shown in Table 1, an important list of insects are present on cranberry foliage and stems in early spring and they are vulnerable to the kill- ing action of kerosene. Observations in 1953 and 1954 and experimental applications in 1954 have shown kerosene to be a definite controlling factor of cran- berry tipworm, sparganothis fruit- worm, and cranberry scale. These tests and observations are sum- marized in Table 2. Since kerosene is a solvent of the new hydrocarbon insecticides, tests were conducted with these chem- icals dissolved in the oil. The pur- pose was to determine if the insec- ticidal action of kerosene could be enhanced and prolonged by the hydrocarbons, which crystalize on the plant when the kerosene com- pletely evaporates. Insecticides used dissolved in kerosene were DDT and Perthane at 6 pounds per a:re; Aldrin, Dieldrin and En- drin at 4 pounds per acre. In all treatments 400 gallons of kerosene per acre were applied. Results showed a reduction in the tipworm population of 76 percent by the kerosene alone and a significant in- crease in tipworm reduction when Dieldrin, DDT and BHC were added. In these tests good weed control r/as obtained and no apparent harm was done to the cranberry plants by either the kerosene or kerosene- hydrocarbon mixtures. Growers who are considering the use of kerosene should take into account the fact that they will definitely get considerable insect as well as weed control. (See Table on Page 13) Wisconsin Co-ops. Elect Officers For Coming Year Wisconsin Cranberry Sales Company and Midwest Cranberry Cooperative, holding their annual meetings January 15th re-elected Miss Jean Nash and Henry F. Duckart as respective presidents. This is Mr. Duckart's ninth term as head of Midwest. Leo A. Sorenson was re-elected manager of Midwest and was also named secretary-treasurer of the Sales Company to succeed Ralph Sampson. Both organizations now "maintain offices in the ni'Ouviin Midwest Cooperative on 12th avenue south. Also re-elected by the Midwest group were Harvey Ward, Cran- moor, vice president; Roy Potter, Wisconsin Rapids, secretary- treasurer; Charles L. Lewis, Shell Lake, director. Robert Gottschalk, Cranmoor is a hold-over member of the board. Newell Jasperon, Cranmoor, was reelected vice-president of the Sales company. Nairred to the board of directors were, Clair Habelman, Tomah; and William Zawistowski, Hayward. Hold- over members, in addition to the officers are, Howard Folsom, Manitowish Waters; Keith Ben- net, Mather; and E. R. Van Wormer, Babcock. Clarence A. Searles of Cran- moor and Mr. Lewis were again named to represent Midwest on the board of directors of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., of which Mr. Searles is president. Tony Jonjak, Hayward and Harold DeLong, Mather were chosen to represent the Sales Company on Eatmor's board. Meetings were at the Elks Club. A joint dinner was served to mem- bers of both organizations at the club in the evening. Mr. Searles was toastmaster. Dinner was followed by an informal program and dancing. Addressing both annual meet- ings were Lester Haines of Chicago, general manager of Eat- nror and Morris April, Bridgeton, New Jersey, who operates plants which process berries for Eatmor. A feature of the joint banquet was the presentation, of a silver bowl to Miss Edna McKillip, who has been in the Chicago office for more than forty years. Fresh Sauce Served at Jersey Board Dinner A delicious dish of freshly made whole cranberry sauce was fea- tured on each table at the State Board of Agriculture Delegates' Dinner held in Trenton, January 24, during New Jersey's 83rd An- nual Farmers Week. This year as happened each of the past five years cranberry sauce has been featured; requests come into the Division of Information for the recipe for such a sauce. Requests for the recipe, the ten-minute, were greatest this year. The sauce was made from the Centennial variety cranberry. Request for the recipe are forwarded to the Grow- ers Cranberry Company who sup- ply the sauce each year. Four Issue of February 1955 — Vol. 19 No. 10 Publiehed monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscribtion, $3.00 per year. Entered ss second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS January Cold, Dry January was a cold, but almost snowless and rainless month in the cranberry district. Total precipita- tion was only .90, normal, 4.12 in- ches. First week of month was not too bitter but from the 8th until after the 20th temperatures were averaging two or three degrees a day below normal at the State Bog. January 21 brought an offi- cial 10 at the Station but with 8's reported on many private ther- mometers. The 20th saw the temperature normal for the month and year, for the first time in a long while when the total degrees have always been plus to the date of recording. State Bog was not flooded until the 20th, but it became necessary by the 24th to withdraw the water and drop the ice to prevent oxygen deficiency damage. A warning was sent out that tests made by George Rounsville of the Station staff showed the content to be reduced on some bogs. With between six and nine inches of ice it was feared a snowfall covering the ice could make the hazard even worse. The situation would be more critical on bogs deeply flooded with discolored water. On bogs which could not be flooded there was the danger of winterkill, with much cold, high wind. There was probably no winter- kill. Roughly speaking, little oxy- gen deficiency as grower pulled the water. The iced-over bogs gave a num- ber of growers the opportunity to ice sand from wheelbarrows and in some instances jalopies were used. NEW JERSEY Weather Report To the delight of the winter sports enthusiasts the winter sea- son has turned old fashioned for us in New Jersey. For the second straight month the temperature has been below normal. The aver- age temperature in January was 30.6° F., which is 4° below normal. It was the fourth coldest January in 26 years of weather observation in New Jersey. It was also the driest January on record. Only .60 of an inch of precipitation occured during the month, which is 2.79 inches below normal. There were two light snows during the month, V2 inch on the 13th and IVz inches on the 22nd. January Ice Snow to the depth of IV2 inches covered the bog ice on January 22, and on the 24th the Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory recom- mended the immediate droping of all ice. Oxygen tests began to fall below the danger line on the 25th. By February 2nd there had still been no thaws and there was an added snowfall of 4 inches. On February 6th the ice was 7 inches thick when rainfall and thawing set in. December December's weather at the Cranberry Laboratory was normal as to temperature, the average being 35.4°, which is exactly the normal since weather observations began at this station. There were no alarming extremes. On three days the minimum was as low as 12 to 14 degrees and the highest maximum temperatures were 64, 62 and 61 degrees on Dec. 28, 29 and 30, respectively. The rainfall was greater than usual, amounting to 3.43 inches as compared to the normal of 2.46 inches. WASHINGTON Weather As of early February there had been a mild winter, with only a light sprinkle or two of snow. The minimum temperature during Jan- uary was 23 on January 9th with a reading of 29 degrees. The mean temperature for the month was 41- 42. The niaximum was 57 on the 29th. Relative humidity again had rather a wide variation, ranging from 46 up to 100 percent. Rain- fall for the year 1954 in the Long Beach vicinity was 85 inches, which is considerably more than the average. Generally it amounts to 65 or 59 inches per year. The percent of sunshine was low, consequently berries did not as a whole size as they nor- mally should have. "55 Prospects Appear Fairly Good Prospects for next year appear fairly good on most bogs. On several bogs there are a great (Continued on Page 16) Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER. WISCONSIN 1 . Growers supplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All highest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. Fiv« N^ X Blmeberrv "Ooen House" Ernest G. Christ, Small Fniits Specialist, and John E. Brockett, Atlantic County Agricultural Agent, shared in presiding over the Annual Blueberry Open House January 14th. In spite of icy driv- ing weather, 125 gi'owers and friends were counted at the tables at lunch-time. For the first time the Open House was held in Atlantic County. The Atlantic County b'ueberry area has become a large factor in N. J. production and it was felt that the growers should not have to travel to Pemberton every year. Philip E. Marucci and Charles A. Doehlert, with headquarters at Pemberton Research Laboratory, reported on research in 1954. Marucci pointed out that para- thion, parathion com|bined with DDT, and malathion all produced excellent controls of cherry fruit- worm, when properly used. He also showed that while good con- trol can be obtained with aircraft dusting, slightly better results have been obtained with ground and aircraft spraying. He pointed out that blueberry maggot infest- ation has been going throue-h a natural decline for the D??t *"'-> years. Nevertheless he s'livs figures enrphasizing the fact that there are enough maggot flies around to make constant vigilance still necessary, if the growers are not going to risk violation of the Pure Food Laws. Doehlert re- ported on a new pruning experi- ment indicating that it may be- come practical, where bushes tend to grow too tall for efficient management, to cut long whips in half in late August and early September. On Jersey and Dixi varieties such cutting resulted in the formation of new fruit buds on the cut stub, but with Burling- ton there was a much less active setting of fruit buds. Doehlert reported another new experiment in which three forms of nitrogen applied after mid-November were studied as to their effect on the next spring's crop and formation of new fruiting wood. In this preliminary test, ammonium sulfate stood out ahead of nitrate of soda and ammonium nitrate. Doehlert warned that both the pruning and the fertilizing ex- "."riment had not progressed far c'^U'^h to warrant recommenda- tions but that they do indicate the value of field trials. ^-o-en» H. Varney (U.S.D.A.), Te'find G. Merrill, Jr., and Robert F. Boehm, stationed at the New ■P'--,nswick ]' ^adquarters, spoke on Mummy Be:'.-y Control, the 1955 NOW IS THE TIME To Try Some Constructive Thinking And Planning For The Coming Season What to budget for weed control, insect control, sanding, and other bog "mu«ts". It is an excellent time to review those seldom-checked insurance policies. Are they up-to-date, are they adequate, are they written at the lowest possible cost? Call on us for experienced assistance in making this review. Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0S.30 Insect and Disease Control Chart, and Atom Radiation, respectively. Varney showed encouraging data on the killing of mummy berry cups by spraying with elgetol or dusting the ground with calcium cyanamid. This is a procedure similar to a Michigan practice which had not previously been successfully demonstrated in New Jersey. Varney reminded the gi-owers that the primary control is clean cultivation, which has been greatly aided in recent years by the blueberry rotary hoe. Merrill announced that the insect and disease charts have now been printed and will soon be distrib- uted by the County Agents. He emphasized with vigor the fact that new problems sometimes take over an undue share of our attention and interest, and that the growers should check more carefully than they have been on several of the older and well known pests. As an example he pointed out that there were serious losses due to blossom weevil which can be easily con- trolled. Boehm discussed his pro- ject at the Brookhaven Atomic Energy Laboratories in eastern Long Island, where he is studying the effe:-t of atomic radiation on blueben-y nlants. It is too early tr d'-a'v conclusions but he showed a numher of very intei'esting sli- des. One plant entirely devoid of leaves still rrranaged to produce a cluster of blossoms and developed several ripe blueberries. In the afternoon a panel of eight blueberry rrowers and Dr. George M. Darrow, U.S.D.A., expressed their preferences and disapprovals of various bhiberry varieties. The panel consisted of Mrs. Alma Ahlrichs, John Bertino, William G. Bray, Arthur Galletta, Elmer Haines, William S. Haines, Fred Scammell and Joseph Testa. Walter Z. Fort, Manager of the Growers' Cranberry Company, gave by means of beautiful color- ed slides a rapid review of the year in a blueberry field. Mr. Fort has become widely known in the State for his photographic skill and his collections of blue- berry and cranberry color slides. Six Cranberry Bog Labor — How Much Per Barrel? Many cranberry growers say their labor costs are too much. A recent study of a representative bog operation shows just over four hours of labor per barrel including one hour for harvest labor. For other growers, is this amount of labor too much or too little ? Which of the productive operations take the most time and can labor re- quirements be reduced by further me?hanization? A study of eleven years careful- ly-kept records for a nineteen acre cranberry bog operation provides some inteersting answers. This bog operation has many character- istics typical of the Massachusetts industry, e.g. well established bogs, complete water coverage, and yields over a period of years close to the state average. The 19.03 acres in the bog operation studied include fifteen different plots rang- ing in size from .25 to 3.8 acres. Bog Acreage has not changed dur- ing the years studied The oper- ator, believed quite typical, has been managing this bog set-up for over twenty-five years. The com- plete water coveiage system was developed prior to the 1943-53 per- iod used for study. Time for particular operations \-aries considerably between dif- ferent bogs depending on their condition and management. In ad- dition, variations between years an be expected. Following a rec- ord ovsr several yea,rs on a well established boj' operation with no change in its acreage or manage- ment does indicate some regularity in timo spent on particular prac- tices. Some rel?.tionship between production and hours of labor can be determined. Over a long span of years some mechanization or other changes in technology will o;cur and affect labor require- ments. In the case studied, the use of a picking machine the last three years reduced labor require- ments for harvesting to less than one hour per barrel. The raking operation was eliminated following the use of the picking machine. Thus, the mechanzation of the pick- ing operation not only reduced hours for harvest but time for pruning and raking as well. Labor was hired for all regular oper- ations by the hour depending on need and operator's finances. This method avoids the necessity of find- ing work during slack periods for hired workers. The total amount of labor hired annually varied between years due to weather, size of crop, return of the previous year's crop and tech- nological changes. In 1944, a sev- ere freeze cut the production to 55 barrels and only 456 hours of labor were hired. In 1946, the largest crop of the eleven years, 1213 bar- rels, was produced with 3706 hours of labor. This crop sold at a very favorable price and the following year, 8095 hours of labor were em- ployed although the crop only amounted to 799 barrels. Eliminat- ing the extreme high and low years both for production and labor indi- cates 3004 hours a year for an average production of 752 barrels. This is an average of 4 hours of total labor per barrel of cranber- ries. Harvest labor was closely related to barrels produced, averaging just over one hour per barrel for the eleven years. During the last three years studied, a picking machine was used and hours of labor per barrel decreased to less than one hour per barrel. The lowest har- vest hours per barrel, .575, occurred in 1953 when the second largest crop of the 11 years, 1011 barrels, was harvested. Table 1 gives an approximation of labor hours hired annually on this 19 acre bog operation. Hours are listed by 13 operations accord- ing to importance. The columns in the table, if to- taled, indicate somewhat more than four hours of labor for growing a barrel of cranberries. Certain oper- ations including screening, sanding and raking did not occur every year! The normal hours includes an estimate for all operations based on the number of years prac- ticed. Certain operations such as sanding and weeding appeared to have a carry-over effect from the year practiced. The operations en- titled flume and ditch appear to be maintenance and repair. The operations of screening and boxes are directly proportional to produc- tion. The variation in the cost of the hired labor on these nineteen acres of cranberry bogs did not corres- pond to the variation in the number of hours of labor hired. Different hourly wage rates were paid in different years. The best approxi- mation of the normal cost per bar- rel for regular labor was $3.05 and $1.20 for picking labor giving a total cost per barrel for all labor of $4.25. Information on two important factors, acreage and yield was available in this analysis to help explain the variations in the amounts of labor hired. It is not possible to explain the variations in the amounts of labor hired. It is not possibJe to explain by these two factors all the variation which occurred. Another factor which appeared important in explaining Table 1 Approximation of Normal Hours of Hired Labor Employed Annually On a Cranberry Bog Operation Including 19 Acres Operation Hours Hours Per Acre Hours Per Barrel Harvesting ^ ,, 750""';';; 39 1. Screen 684 ' 36. .91 Mow 265 14 .35 Sanding 261 14 .35 Weeding 245 13 .33 Pump 245 13 .33 Capital Improvements 221 12 .29 Unclass. 180 9 .24 Raking 166 9 .22 Ditch 136 7 .18 Operations Off Bog 129 7 .17 Flume 98 5 .13 SeTBB part of the variation in the amount of labor hired by this nineteen aci'e cranberry bog operation was the profitability of the previous year's crop. The whole analysis will be of greatest value to bog operations similar to the one described. To many others it may serve as a guide in checking whether their labor costs are too much. B. D. Grossman and R. O. Aines, University cf Massachusetts ig Attendances At Opening; Winter Berry Meetings The labor costs of producing a bari-el of cranberries and placing- of ci'anberry growers under federal conservation practices and bene- fits; the grower's status under the new social secui-ity coverage and rn illustrated talk upon cranben-y ""iiinpTent developed in the past several years were the topi-;s at first winter meetings of Plymouth County cranberry clubs. About 65 attended the session of South Shore Club, Kingston, Tuesday evening and 90 odd of the Southeastern at Rochester Grange Hall Jan. 18th the following afternoon. These were among the largest attendances on record, Dominic A. Marini, associate county agent presided at Kingston, due to illnesf! of the president, Francis Phillips. President Chester Robbins of On- set was in the chair at Rochester. Both clubs reported strong finan- cial positions. E. C. St. Jacques, treasurer Southeastern reported a balance of $,S0.^.!59 for the South- en stern. Principal speaker was Professor Bradford D. Grossman, Universitv of Massachusetts who told of an eleven-year study of o-^erating costs upon one bo"-. (This t^ilk ap- pears as an article, written liy Prof. Grossman. County Agent Marini explained the basic prin'-i-iles of the new- Agricultural Conservation Pro- gram as they apply to cranberries. There are seven practices which are directly applicable to the cranberry industry, he said. These mostly concern the control of water and erosion of land sur- Eight BRADFORD D. GROSSMAN roundmg bogs. Payments to any one farm, (bog property) are limi- ted to $1500 in a single year, he explained. The engineering serv- ices alone, available are of great benefit to a grower. The engineers are Darrell Shepard of Barnstable County, who is especially well versed in cranbeny work, and is !'vailabl(> outside that county and Emarson D. Mowry of Plymouth County. Object of this conservation pro- g-ram, Mr. Marini declared is the protection of the public's interest in the nation's soil and water re- sources at public expense, coupled with the private expense of farm- ers. Local soil conservation chairman is Howard Hiller of Rochester; vice chairman Raymond Perrault, Rochester; regular member, Al- fred Bosari, West Wareham; first alternate, Carleton Vaughan, Mat- tapoisett; second alternate, Wil- liam Bullivant II, Marion. Speaking on "Social Security for Cranberry Growers," were Mrs. Frances Egan, Brockton otfi-e at Kingston and Will Davis, New Bedford office at Rochester. They explained in detail how cranberry growers as self-employed, and their labor as employees come under tlie Social Security Program for the first time this year. Final speaker at both meetings was J. Richard Beattie, State Cranberry Specialist, who, with colored slides showed many of the pie'.-es of equipment which have been devised especially for, or adapted to, cranberry growing since the last war. He said the in- dustry in Massachusetts was not standing still in developing labor- saving devices. Considerable of this equipment had been built by growers themselves. His slides showed the Western and Darling- ton pickers; helicopter and straight wing planes for insecti- cide, fertilizer and fermate appli- cation; ground apparatus for the same purposes. There was new equipment for spreading sand and getting berries off the bog; weed- ers, pruners, the C. & L.; vine setters. One of the greatest im- provements in spraying kerosene, he said, was the use of metered kerosene trucks along the bog- shores. Next month's meetings of the Plymouth County clubs is to be a joint one at Rochester, followed by a similar joint meeting of Barn- stable County clubs at Cotuit. The topic is to be the important one of "Marketing." Report of Mass. Meetings The Upper and Lower Cape Clubs met together at West Yar- mouth February 8. After a very good supper with cranberry cock- tail and cranberry salad the mem- bers listened to an unusually good program on marketing. Mr. Wil- liam Howard the produce buyer for the Brockton Public Market was the first speaker. Mr. How- ard was well qualified to talk on "How Do We Merchandise Cran- berries" as he has spent about thirty years in the field of grow- ing, wholesaling and marketing of fruits and vegetables. Bill said that as a buyer of products quality was most important and he would pay more for good quality. He ex- plained the importance of care- fully supervising the quality to protect the trade name and retail outlet. After his talk he was asked many questions which brought an- swers as — there is an increase in packaging fruits — quality can be maintained with prepackaging. Professor Frederick E. Cole. Ex- tension Specialist in fruit and vegetable marketing at the Uni- versity of Massachusetts, spoke on "What Makes Price". He started by saying supply and demand and then explained what they meant in regard to price. For example the supply of apples is important be- cause apples may be substituted for cranberries, therefor when talk- ing about the supply of cranberries we must think of all of the things that may be substituted for cran- berries as well as the supply of cranberries. Likewise Professor Cole went into demand and said that satisfaction was included in demand and without satisfaction there was little or no demand. Fred explained how satisfaction was related to price and to the quantity sold. Ralph Thacher, Sales Manager for Beaton's Distributing Agency, spoke on "What Are We Going to Sell." Ralph reviewed many of the points he had presented at the spring meeting of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers Association and named more. He brought out the importance of quality fruit orderly marketing to bring the best re- turns to the cranberry grower. He expressed the opinion that growers should be paid in relation to the quality of the fruit they produced. Oscar S. Johnson, Associate County Agricultural Agent for Barnstable County explained the 1955 ACP and loans for soil and water conservation. This was an excellent meeting which was expressed by the time of adjournment, 10:45. Professor W. H. Thies retired from the Extension Service Janu- ary 31. He had been with the Mas- sachusetts Extension Service about 30 years and had been in the east- ern part of the State a great many times working with strawberry and blueberry growers particularly. Professor Thies will be missed by his friends but they will be pleased to know that he is to work for the Food and Agricultural Organiza- tion of United Nations. His head- quarters will be in Damascus. Northeast Regional Meeting of the American Society for Horticul- tural Society held its annual meet- ing at the Biological Laboratory, Harvard University on January 28 and 29. Professor Bailey and Chandler of the Cranbei-ry Station attended the meeting to hear papers on soil moisture in relation to yield, methods of determining needs of irrigation, eflFect of fer- tilizer in relation to color and qual- ity of fruit, root studies, electron radiation to sterilize fruits, also talks on strawberries and blueber- ries. J. Richard Beattie, State Cranberry Specialist, was unable to attend. Professor Bailey pre- sented two papers, one on straw- berries and one on blueberries. Professor Bailey and Chandler us- ually present papers at this meet- ing. Nearly /V2 Million Edaville Riders Since the now-famous "Cranber- ry Belt Line" was begun at Eda- ville, South Carver, Massachusetts nearly a million and a half persons (1,432,810) have ridden over its six mile course and seen cranberry bogs at various times of the year. The late Ellis D. Atwood started keeping records in June 1936, which have been continued by Mrs. Atwood. A total of 152,044 enjoyed the ride from May 12th to an early fall cessation of service caused by hurricanes and washouts. Total carried over the Christmas-New Year holidays was 59,312. Eda- ville is now closed down for the winter with the exceptions of the miniature church at Sunset Vista and "Peacedale Village." Tenta- tive opening date is May 12 when the New Haven Railroad Old- Time Employees plan an outing there. "BIG TREE CENSUS" IN NEW JERSEY A "big tree" census to find the bigger and the biggest tree is going on in New Jersey, conducted by Austin M. Lentz, extension forester at the College of Agricul- ture, Rutgers University. This fact should be of interest to the cranberrymen of South Jersey, who own much forest land. It is reported the nomination for the biggest tree in New Brunswick is sure to be the Kilmer oak, which is said to have inspired the World War 1 poet to write his celebrated poem "Trees." This tree is a white oak, 14 feet, 1 inch around the trunk, 68 feet high, with a spread of branches of 108 feet and has attained an estimated age of 275 years. Nine ■:-:-;w::-?>ft'?ft^?:';7:^:^:?>t- S ■a c s. c. o « J3 g be o o « 2 T3 ■5. W 0 . -^ Ten ISSUE OF FEBRUARY 1955 Vol. 19-No. 10 CRANBERRY LABOR COSTS WHAT is the labor cost of producing a barrel of cranberries, including the harvesting? That question posed by Prof. Grossman, University of Massachusetts at cranberry meetings (as reported in this issue) brought forth more animated discus- sion than we have heard in a long time. None of the growers seemed to agree ex- actly, but everyone thought this item to be more than 30 percent of all costs. Prof. Grossman's figure of $4.25, based on the careful records over an eleven-year period on a bo.g which he con- sidered representative was not accepted by all. At least one placed labor as high as about $7.00 a barrel. The question of scooping and hand-picking vs. mechanical methods complicated the matter consider- ably. At least the subject achieved its ob- .iective — which was to get growers think- ing— just what our labor costs are, and is there any way they may be cut? Such thinking is important if there is to be a reasonable margin of profit. It would be interesting to hear from growers on the subiect — from the five main cranberry districts. A FERTILIZER ISSUE NEXT MONTH WE plan next month (March) to have an issue of a tvpe which we have not attempted before. That is. one based chief- Iv upon a single topic — in this case, fertiliz- ers and fertilizer anplication. V/e have written to several in various cranlierrv areas, and the idea seems well-liked and called desirable, the thought beinf' that not enou!Th is known, even as vet, of this imnortant nractice in the art of c^anberrv growmg. We hone to have material from Dr. F. B. Chandler of Massachusetts and others. Charles A. Doehlert of New Jer- sey, plus material from Wisconsin, 'Wash- ington and Oregon. "AGRICULTURAL Research," a pub- lication of the United States Department of Agriculture in its last issue had a little piece upon the fact there is a striking develop- ment throughout the world in nutrition education. Channels for the exchange of know-how on nutrition have been opened by two-way arrangements between the CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTS Subscription $3.00 per year Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL— Associate Editor CORRESPONDENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Wisconsin Rapids Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oreson Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Statio-i East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Ag-ricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. «■■ • New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey United States and other countries, as we^l as through the work of United Nations agencies. Even hard-to reach population groups — non-readers, the tradition-bound, groups isolated by dialects are catching the idea of using food more knowingly to better their lot. One way this is being done is through the use of striking posters. Shown with the article are posters from Haiti, Netherlands, Japan, Puerto Rico, New Zea- land and New Guinea. We are getting to be a better-fed world, even though a tremendous amount remains to be done yet. Eleven Use of Water in Cranberry Bogs By CHARLES A. DOEHLERT Associate Reasearch Specialist New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station (Editors Note: The following is an address delivered before the American Cranberry Growers' As- sociation in New Jersey, and re- printed with permission from the Proceedings of that organization.) It has seemed to be a timely matter to review some of our present ideas on the use of water, new to you. But some of them will be ideas upon which we have made only a little progress. They may be worthy of more thought than we have been giving them. There are some problems in cranberry growing for which we have rather good answers. There are others which are still vei-y perplexing. One of these perplex- ing problems is: — "What causes such a great amount of blossom blast?" It seems evident that fungous injury to the flowers is not an important cause of blossom blast. Sometimes we are tempted to blame cloudy weather during blossom time or hot, dry weather. So far as I know neither of these causes have been well substan- tiated as important causes of blos- som blast. Dr. Filmer is getting a lot of important data on pollination which should give us one of the answers on blast. In his February, 1954, paper before this Association Dr. Berg- man reported two causes of blos- som blast. "Injury to flower buds by oxygen deficiency or frost, al- though not sufficient to prevent the buds from continuing their growth up to the blossom stage, often prevents the blossoms from setting berries. The reason that they fail to set berries is that the greatest injury occurs in cells from which the ovules (potential seeds) are developed, although there may be injury to other parts also. Injury to these cells, even though it occurs before the ovules are formed, prevents the forma- tion of special tissues and cells necessary for the fertilization of the ovules. When ovules are not fertilized, further development of the ovary into a berry is not pos- sible since the stimulus which initiates and promotes the develop- ment of the ovary into a berry comes as a result of the fertiliza- tion of at least a few of the ovules. Under these conditions the presence of even a large number of pollinators is without effect." This is a statement that should be full of meaning to cranberry growers. In other words, the presence of flood water devoid of oxygen or the failure to use water for needed frost reflows may cause the blasting of many cran- berry flowers that look perfectly normal when they are in bloom. This is, therefore, just one more reason why a cranberry grower needs to have adequate water sup- plies. Special Uses for Water 1. Dropping the ice in winter is not considered a safe practice unless the bog can be flooded rather promptly in case of very cold weather following the melting away of the ice. 2. Frost control is hard to ac- complish unless we have enough water on hand to do the job. 3. When a long drought hits us, ditch irrigation or sprinkling can't be done unless there is a supply of water and a way to get the most possible out of it. For in time of drought even a good sup- ply system is apt to dwindle seriously. 4. Sprinkling a bog during the middle of the day when we have exceptionally high temperatures, such as 95 to 105 degrees, will prevent sun-scald. 5 Sprinkling after weeding. More weeding would be done with profit if more bogs had sprinklers. 6. Sprinkling the same day after scooping would eliminate much harvest injury by enabling the torn plants to mend the dam- aged parts before they dry out. Some of these things sound like idealism. It is possibly true, how- ever, that after one or more grow- ers put them into profitable use then they will sound more like just plain, good ideas. How Can We Get More Water? Of course, all this time many of you have been saying to yourself, "So what? If we don't have the water, of what use are the ideals or ideas?" There are at least two things that can be done on a considerable number of properties in order to supply more water without chang- ing the face of the map. (1) One was done at Whites- bog last winter. That was the construction of another reservoir. In this case wild land was used, but in some other cases it would probably pay to use a poorly producing bog. (2) The other is to take the bottom bog of a string and make it a reservoir. There is no harm in having a reservoir at the top and the bottom of a property. Water can often be pumped back to be used over and over again at a cost that is practical. Prob- ably this could help even more small growers than large ones. Of course, every property is a problem by itself and the answer has to be worked out to fit that property. But it is true that water is the cheapest crop producer that we have. Using it is a good deal more profitable than losing it. I am fully aware of the fact that in any farm business a man can't do all the things he knows are worth doing. Only a dreamer gets that notion. But unless we have some of these goals in mind, we can't be ready to take action when the opportunity comes around. Oftener than we some- times realize, the opportunity comes around. Twelve Lady Bugs Spend Winter in Homes A small red or orange and black Lady bug beetle quite often over- winters in protected places around homes or farm buildings. These beetles are friends of the farmers and feed on aphids and other harmful insects which at- tack many crops. In fact, Lady bug beetles are so useful that efforts have been made at times to colonize them. How- ever, the colonization has not proved to be worthwhile in most instances since the bugs scatter widely from the overwintering quarters in every direction. These beetles will not cause any harm in the home and usually dis- appear very promptly with the arrival of warm weather in spring, according to Dr. Leland G. Merrill, Jr., extension entonrrologist at Rutgers University. Unfortunately, these insects are susceptible to new insecticides such as DDT and are not com- monly found in great numbers where these materials have been used. On the other hand, lady bug beetles do not often appear in great enough number to control serious outbreaks of aphids and other pests before considerable damage has been done to the crop. Vulnerability Insect Cranberry tipworm Sparganothis fruitworm Cranberry scale Black-headed iireworm Yellow-headed fireworm Blossom weevil Blunt-nosed leafhopper Cranberry rootworm Cranberry fruitworm Blossom worm Spanworms Girdler Table 1. of Cranberry Insects to Kerosene. Stage at kerosene time Probable Data on Vulnerability control by kerosene Cocoons on soil surface and adults in flight. + Small larvae on stems and leaves. + Excellent Adults on leaves and stems. + Very good Eggs on leaves. + Moths in flight and eggs on leaves. + Adults in flight. + Eggs in stem, partially exposed. Larvae in soil. Cocoons in soil. Eggs in litter Eggs and pupae in litter Cocoons in soil. Table 2. Control of Some Cranberry Insects by Kerosene. Insect Cranberry) scale ) ) Sparganothis) fruitworm ) ) Cranberry) tipworm) Bog No. 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 3 Population in Unkerosened Area 4 4 12 4 67 8 (a) (b) 40 (c) 16.8 Population in Kerosened Area 0 0 2 0 10 1 12 4.8 Control Percent 100 100 83 100 85 88 70 76 (a) Population of scale in terms of scales per 100 berries. (b) " " sparganothis in terms of larvae per 100 square feet. (c) " " cranberry tipworm in terms of number of infested up- rights per 100 uprights; Bandon, Oregon Weather Data Some weather facts about Ban- don, Oregon, center of the Oregon cranberry industry, as reported in Bandon's "Western World." The rainfall last year was 61.92 inches, whereas the average is considered to be 65.0. In 1953 rainfall total- led 76.39 inches. The greatest fall in a 24-hour period in '54 was on December 30th, when 3.90 in- ches fell. The hottest day in Bandon last year was 74 degrees and it oc- cured only on one day, October 15th. There was a 71 on October 6th. The coldest day was January 20th, when the mercury "fell" to 27. Hottest day in '53 was 80; coldest, February 9th with a 30. These figures are from the record of Emmett Anderson, cooperative observer for the U. S. Weather Bureau. He takes readings daily on the grounds of the Bandon Coast Guard Station. Long Beach '54 Rainfall 88 Ins. More than 7V2 feet of water fell on the Long Beach peninsula, during 1954, according to records kept at Cranguyma Farms. A foot was added during December to make the total twelvemonth 88.27 inches. In December rain fell on 18 days, to bring the total for the last month of the year to 12.51 inches. NEW JERSEY GROWERS AT N. Y. CONVENTION New Jersey Cranberry growers, Theodore H. Budd, Sr. of Pember- ton; Morris April of Bridgeton and Anthony DeMarco of Ham- monton were among many from that state who attended the United Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Con- vention in New York City January 31 through February 4. A demonstration of religion is better than any definition. A political orator often convin- ces himself by his own speech. Thirteen 85th Annual In New Jersey Snowy weather and slippery driving conditions did not deter 60 New Jersey cranberry growers and their friends from attending the regular winter meeting on , Feb. 3rd at Mt. Holly. It was interest- ing to note that seven past pres- idents were on hand and President Lipman pointed out that in seven cases sons have served as presi- dent of this Association whose fathers were also presidents at some time. President Lipman emphasized in his opening remarks three partic- ular problems which the N. J. growers face: — 1. The purchase by the State of large areas of woodland, which will become tax free, could create a very serious fiscal problem in the municipalities involved unless the State Legislature makes ade- quate provision. 2. Some vacancies on the State Council for Water Policy and Sup- ply are calling for careful and judicious appointments by the Governor. 3. The future good of the cran- berry industry is very dependent CRANBERRIES go with this bird GROW with this one! From Cape Cod to the Pacific Northwest, cranberry growers count on Rain Bird sprinklers to protect crops against frost and drought. On the Cranguyma Farms, at Long Beach, Washington, for example, 1,000 Rain Bird sprinklers provide made-to-order rain for one of the nation's major cranberry growers. Your crops, too, will grow with Rain Birds. Consult our research and planning department today for information. There's no obligation. Be sure the system you buy ineets the requirements for design, installation and performance as set forth by the A.S.A.E. illllon liiociilfgn NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA I ; RAINY SPRINKLER SALES 609 WEST LAKE STREET, PEORIA, ILL. upon the spirit of unitedness among the growers. Clifford Sims of the U. S. Crop Reporting Service presented the final revision of New. Jersey's crop as -91,000 barrels. Prescribed Burning Considerable prominence was given throughout the morning pro- gram to the benefits and proce- dures of prescribed burning of forest lands. This showed its great value in 1954 as a deterrent of destructive forest fires. It has also demonstrated its value in maintaining the dominance of pine over oak the considerably im- proved financial yield from hai- vested wood products as a result. In direct connection with pre- scribed burning is the cooperative research being done by Rutgers University, the U. S. Geological Survey, the N. J. Department of Conservation and Development, and the U. S. Geological Survey, the N. J. Department of Con- servation and Development, and the U. S. Northeast Forest Ex- periment Station in the Lebanon State Forest close to the Cran- berry Laboratory. This research was initiated by the Rutgers De- partment of Botany and the Ame- i-icaii Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion. It has received help from a P'ood many sources and has grown into one of New Jersey's impor- tant research projects which look toward the improvement of its great natural water resources. Dodge "JOB-RATED" Truck Ti'ucks that fit the job Save Money — Dodge "JOB-RATED" trucks fit the job — last longer STAKE - PICK-UP - PANEL '-2 - ^i - 1 to 4 ton Robert W. Savary Ea.st Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 6,3-R Fourt««B Insects — Oxygen Deficiency Philip E. Marucci of the Cran- berry and Blueberry Research Laboratory presented data to show that the attack of tipworm in 1953 considerably reduced the number of blossoming uprights, the total number of blossoms and the num- ber of berries produced in 1954. Eugene H. Varney, U.S.D.A. Pathologist, showed 1954 figures which conclusively proved the ex- cellent degree of control of cran- berry fruit rot which can be ob- tained by the recontmended sprays. C. A. Doehlert of the Cranbei-ry and Blueberry Research Lab- oratory reviewed two new experi- mental projects in which (1) the effect of oxygen deficiency is being made more clearly evident to New Jersey growers and (2) the various effects of hand prun- ing of cranberries is being com- pared with machine pruning. It's the Mighty Mite of chain saws only 22 pounds 'Actual Dynamometer Rated Horsepower "Homelite" Model 17 Chain Saw No other saw so light ... so easy to handle . . . packs as much power. Enough power to zip through an 18 inch tree in 18 seconds. Enough power to cut trees 4 feet or more in diameter and to stand up without costly maintenance under steady pro- duction cutting. Try it . . . this mighty mite of chain saws . . . the new Homelite Model 17, today. FIELD - BROOK EQUiPIVlEIT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridg'water Phone E. B. 8-2761 Machinery Lasts Longer With Care Many farm machines are finish- ed for the season. Too often they are parked in the yard or in a field corner awaiting the annual round-up; sometimes even left standing until next year's use. Everyone knows that machines deteriorate as much or more from weathering action, rust and rot as from actual use. Protection from the elements by housing equipment in a roofed storage is a good investment, reminds W. C. Krueger, extension farm en- gineer at Rutgers University. V/hen machines are brought in to the storage, they should be cleaned and a careful inspection made to list necessary repairs and repacement parts. Parts that are ordered eai-ly in the season are in- sured of delivery in time for the winter repair session. Last minute repair orders often result in dis- appointment and the necessity of rush work. When storing equipment make sure that water has been drained from the cooling systems of en- gines and their sprayer tanks, valves and piping. All polished wear surfaces should be coated with rust resistant grease or oil :;nd all bearings thoroughly lubri- cated. Such a program will insure the best service from equipment and materially reduce repair , and re- placement costs. A forerunner of the modern Navy destroyer called the "torpedo boat destroyer" was developed in 1894 to combat the threat of the Spanish torpedo boats. dii;HIIIIH{lliail1IH11IIB11l1B:1llBlllinil'IBIIIIBllllBlin I I ■ "Again, as always, we invite growers to compare returns.'' i CRAS^BIRiY GROWERS, inc. | I ^ I Mead -Witter BEdg. | I Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin ■ I I FORSYTH Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVERETT, MASS Tel. EV 7 ■ 1240 - 1241 ■ 1242 Fiftaen Betty Buchan is Delegate to Denmark Meeting Miss Betty Buchan, publicity editor of NCA and editor of the NCA "Cooperative News" has been elected to represent the Massachusetts Industrial Editors' Association at a conference of the International Council of In- dustrial Editors in Copenhagen, Denmark next August. Miss Buchan has been a member of the Massachusetts Association for 8 years and has served as publicity chairman and a member of the Board of Directors. She was a panel speaker last spring at the New England Conference in Connecticut. Miss Buchan leaves in July for a visit to England and Scotland, which she had been planning to do, and then go on to Denmark, flying back. Ray Habelman Heads Wisconsin State Growers About 280 attended the annual meeting of the Wisconsin State Cranberry Growers' Association at the Elks Club, Wisconsin Rapids, January 15th. Ray Habelman, Tunnel City was elected president for 1955, succeeding G. M. Potter of Warrens. Dr. M. E. Dana, University of Wisconsin, department of horticul- ture, spoke upon experiments with selective weed killers; E. L. Chambers, state entomologyst re- viewed Wisconsin cranberry in- sect problems and Dr. George L. Peltier, researcher for Cranberry Growers, Inc. (Indian Trail) spoke ONE - WAY LOW - LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT-LINE PUMPS This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting ii, over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN See COLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. on a newly-developed fungicide. A discussion of the application of solvents to cranberry vines was given by Dr. R. H. Roberts, Uni- versity of Wisconsin, horticultural department. This concerned ap- plications after new growth had started, and using an "under- vine" method, with reference to new booms which have been developed for making such ap- plications. The new compulsory regulations of social security as applying to cranberry growers were explained by a representative of the Waus- sau Social Security Administra- tion. A spokesman for the U. S. Weather Bureau at Madison re- viewed the year's frost warning service, and outlined .plans for the 1955 service. Fresh From the FleMs (Continued from Page 5) many fireworm eggs along with a rather high population of the lecanium scale. Unless close at- tention is paid to timing of spray applications there will be con- siderable trouble from these in- sects during 1955. Fresh Fruit Market May Increase The fresh fruit market on the West Coast, if last year's trend is any indication will increase. Dur- ing the past few years, with the berries going into processing most growers have not applied fungi- cide sprays necessary to control storage rots. Many of the grow- ers, particularly in the Grayland aiea, are interested in packing berries for fresh sales. Because of this a more intensive fungicide program will have to be initiated again. Winterkill There is trouble again with winterkill, or the trouble might be caused by a fungus or fungi. The Station at Long Beach hopes be- fore next year to have at least a part of the answer to this prob- lenT. All told there are more than 225 warships in the destroyer category now on active service in the USN. A reputation built on a weak foundation is vei-y likely to topple Sixt* Benson Names Advisor Secretary of Agriculture Ezra Taft Benson recently appointed Earl M. Hughes of Illinois as a consultant to the administrator of the Commodity Stabilization Serv- ice. Hughes will work directly with the CSS administration on prob- lems related to price support op- erations and administration. INSECTICIDES & FERTILIZER through your \^ Sprllffklifig '■■% Perfected after 25 years of actual field tests, the new Prizer Sprinkler System Ap- plicator enables yow to opply all SOLU- BLC soil a m m e n d - menis, soluble fertil- izers, and liquid fer- tilizers to any crop that s sprinkler irri- gated. ♦Labor costs cut in hcW I '^-— ^^ *No waste of material ♦Will not clo9 sprinklers ♦Even distribution The CHARLES W. HARRIS COMPANY 26 Somerset Ave. N. Dighton, Mass. BEN FRANKLIN was one of the most forward-looking men of his day. He would be amazed at the progress which has been made in the development of - - ELECTRICITY Make good use of it in your bog work — in your home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries CAPE COD CRANBERRIES MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 GROWERS! EATMOR — The Oldest and Best Known Brand in CRANBERRIES Wants You on the Band Wagon in 1955 >n< >n< ^n< '>n< CONTACT: Ray Bates — Bandon, Oregon Walter Fort — Pemberton, N. J. Leo Sorensen — Wisconsin Rapids, Wise. Stanley Benson — Middleboro, Mass. Les Haines — Chicago fatmor 144 W. 14th Place, Chicago 8 SERVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY CAPE COD NEW JERSEY WISCONSIN OREGON WASHINGTON SPECIAL FERTILIZER ISSUE MARCH — And the Winter Flood Goes Off on a New Jersey Bog. (Photo (CranGroCo.) 30 Cent$ Marc'n 1955 mmnrum'^mKaxa^s^LJLaajti SERVij^Q-Offi; G^Ag^i^^:^m^aj(^^ Morris 4pril Bros. Cape & Vineyard Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey E ectric Company Apples Cranberries Peaches Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Provincetown Vineyard Haven BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES Wareham Savings Bank and INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS Falmouth Branch FUNGICIDES Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service PHONE WAREHAM 82 R. F. MORSE FALMOUTH 80 WEST WAREHAM. MASS. The Nationa Be mk of Wareham Conveniently locatt d for Cranberry Mi^n Funds always avai able for sound loans Complete Ba inking Service Member Federal D( posit Insurance Corp. BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES Expert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. EQUIPMENT HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS PUiPS IRRIGATION SPRINKLER SHUR-RANE PIPE RAINBIRD HEADS PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM. MASS. Tel. 626 ADVERTISE CRANBERRIES DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS WATER WHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Prompt Delivery Service Franconia Coal Co. — Inc. — Warehatn, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York Vew England Plant and Warehouse Ayer, Mass. Tel. Spruce 2-2365 Send A Copy To Your Friends . . Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE "The Car With The 100-Million Dollar Look!" Repairs on all makes of cars Tel. Wareham 63-R Goodyear and Federal Tires Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. WITHOUT CHARGE Please send a free copy of CRANBERRIES with my compliments to the persons listed below: To To Address City !SS z... „..State City .., Z... ...State- Sender 1 Address - -- -1 HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFFALO TURBINE Sprayer — Duster DISSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Centrifugal Pumps MATHEWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEED KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. Arlintrton 74, Mass. Tel. AR .-i-BlOO. B-6I01 AMES IR£iESAT[ON SYSTEMS RAINBEiO SPRINKLERS o PRIZIR APPyCATORS FOR FERTILIZORS & ENSECTiCIDES The Charles W. Harris m 26 Somerset Avenue North Dishton, Mass. 1953-54 fertilizer consumption in the United States was 20,300,000. 100 barrel cranberry crop will remove more -nitrog-en than there is in 450 pounds of 5-10-5 fertilizer. "CRANBERRIES" ADVERTISING PAYS BIG DIVIDENDS! Reasonable Rates on Request One Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry specialist The cranberry industry is still busily engaged in the development of a sound program for the years ahead with special emphasis o(n quality. Growers, marketing agents, management and Univer- sity personnel have been working as a team and there is every indi- cation that progress is being real- ized. Committees have been de- voting many hours of careful thought and study to the various phases of our industry. Recom- mendations have already been pre- pared by some of the committees and are now under consideration. The constructive attitude of the people involved in these studies has been most encouraging and has resulted in a much better un- derstanding of each others prob- lems. It exemplifies good team work. Some very impoi'tant deci- sions must be made during the next few weeks which could well decide the future course of our industry. We are confident that the right decisions will be made. Teleptione Frost Warnings The directors of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association met recently and decided to again sponsor the popular telephone fi'ost warning service. Frost warning applications have been mailed to growers who have used this service the last several years. If a grower has not received an application but would like to re- ceive one, he should 'notify Mrs. Ruth Beaton, Treasurer of the As- sociation, Wareham, or the writer. There were 21.3 subscribers to this service last year which was a de- finite increase over the last several years and resulted in a reasonable balance in the frost account. Let's keep up the good work. The 1955 Insect, Disease and Weed Control Charts have been printed and will be mailed to grow- Two crs through their Coucity Agents' Offices the latter part of March. Extra copies are available at the County Extension Offices or here at the Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion. The major revisions and items for study in the Insect and Disease Control Chart are as fol- lows: Control Charts We recommend that growers study the General Notes on Pest Control found at the bottom of the chart. This section has been care- fully revised and contains a sum- mary of flooding practices, blanket control measures, a caution on the use of concentrates and an explana- tion on the use of the insect net and hand lens. The first major change in the body of the new chart was made under the section on Root Grub and White Grub. Three new ma- terials known as Dieldrin, Aldrin, c'.d Heptachlor have given excel- lent control of the above gnabs and are now recommended in place of Sodium Cyanide and PDB Crys- tals. The new treatments are much cheaper and are fully as effective. They also have the distinct advan- tage of remaining toxic in soils for many months. Those using these chemicals should follow the warn- ings outlined at the bottom of the chart. The Gypsy Moth Caterpillar sec- tion was omitted from the new chart. This is a most remarkable situation when we consider the terrific damage caused by this pest only a few years ago. DDT con- centrates applied by aircraft have practically eliminated this pest in the cranberry area. Dieldrin was added to the list of materials controlli'ng Weevils, and Green Spanworm. It may be applied by aircraft or as a ground spray and the costs are very rea- sonable. Another new nraterial known as Malathion was added to the chart this year. It is recommended as a dust, ground spray, or concentrate for the control of the Black-headed Fireworm. DDT treatments for this particular pest were omitted fiom the chart because of increas- ing difficulties in obtaining satis- factory control. Apparently Fire- worms along with some other in- sects are developing a resistance to DDT on some bogs. The warn- ing outlined at the bottom of the chart should be observed wherever Malathion is used. Ferbam Dust was omitted from the new chart as a treatment for Fruit Rots. Careful tests have in- dicated very clearly that Ferbam as a dust was not too effective in controlling cranberry fruit rots. The only other revision under this section points out that Cryolite and Malathion should not be used with Bordeaux Mixture because of their incompatibility. The recommendations for the control of the Blunt-nosed Leaf- hopper was revised considerably. DDT treatments were omitted for the same reasons given under the section on the Blackheaded Fire- worm. Malathion replaces DDT and can be used as a spray or dust. The timing of the application was revised slightly. The first treat- ment should be made as the first few blossoms opc'n and repeated about mid-July if necessary. For the Spittle insect, Malathion as a dust and spray was substi- tuted for the Nicotine Sulfate treatment and applications should be made as the first few blossoms open. Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1 . Growers supplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls. Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All hichest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any a«- ture. DDT treatments for the control of Tipworm have not been too sat- isfactory and -were omitted from ■ the charts. New materials will be ■ tried this year because this can be a very troublesome pest. While Brown Grasshoppers are not a major pest they can reduce the crop substantially under certain conditions. Aldrin and Heptach- lor have given excellent control and are very reasonable in price. They replace the old Bait and Lead Ar- senite treatments. The warning given at the bottom of the new charts should be observed when using these materials. The 1955 Weed Control Chart received considerable attention on the part of the editorial committee, but only a few control measures were revised. We suggest that growers study the important General Notes On Weed Control found at the top of the chart and use the Weed Index to simplify the problem of locating spe-ific weed treatments. The Iron Sulfate for the control of White Violets was omitted from the new chart in view of costs and rather poor control. The Fireweed was added to the list of weeds controlled with Salt and was removed along with Pitch Forks from weeds controlled with Copper Sulfate. A warning was added stating that Copper Sulfate applications in August often spot green berries. Under the Kerosene section it was pointed out that vines sprayed Dodge "JOB-RATED" Truck Trucks that fit the job And a Better Deal for the Man at the Wheel. SEE MORE HAVE MORE SAVE MORE STAKE - PICK-UP - PANEL V2 - % - 1 to 4 ton Robert W. Savary East Warcham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 63-R with this material are more sensi- tive to low temperatures and broadcast treatments are likely to reduce the crop. These points should be carefully noted. Summer grasses were added to the list of weeds controlled with Kerosene. It was also stated that broadcast applications of Stoddard Solvent are likely to reduce the crop. New Weed Chemicals Many new weed chemicals have been tried this past year by Irving Demoranville and George Rouns- ville under the direction of Dr. C. E. Cross. Encouraging results have been experienced in the con- trol of certain weeds, particularly Poison Ivy, Ditch and Shore Weeds. Considerably more work has been planned for this spring and summer and we are confident that some of these new materials will have a place on the chart in another season or two. NCA Officials To "Meer Cape Club Panel April meeting of Upper Cape Cod Cranberry Club, Cotuit, April 12th will feature an interesting dis- cussion between president James E. Glover of National Cranberry Association and his associates and a panel made up of Club members. This was announced by the club president, Charles Savary at the March meeting. Club panel members will consist of Mr. Savary, John Shields, Arthur Handy and Walcott Ames, Jr. Mr. Savary asserted that at this meeting it was understood any question a panel member or grow- er wished to ask NCA representa- tives would be fully and "frankly" answered. New policies are under discussion at NCA and being put into effect under Mr. Glover, who recently succeeded M. L. Urann as president. "National Fertilizer Review" points out that an estimated 20,- 290,549 tons of all fertilizers were used in the United States during the year ending June 30, 1954. Even good advice is unable to create something out of nothing. Mass. NCA Group Scheduled to Fly To West Coast President James Glover, assist- ant treasurer John Harriott and director Frank Crandon of the National Cranberry Association were scheduled to fly fronx Logan International Airport, Boston, March 11, to the West Coast cran- berry areas. The group will visit both Washington and Oregon, and discuss matters of policy with members After his return Mr. Crandon was to leave with Mrs. Crandon for Arizona to visit their daugh- ter and family. Mr. Crandon, who lives in Acushnet, Mass., is current president of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association, and before leaving he assisted in making plans for the late April equipment show and meeting of that body. ^outP' otertion • A proven record of fair treatment for over 35 years • Land Bank Loans do not come due in a lump sum • You borrow from an outfit that's owned and managed by farmers like yourself National Farm Loan Association of Bridgewater 10 Main Street Bridgewater, Mass. Servicing Plymouth, Norfolk and Barnstable Counties Tel. Bridgewater 5377 FOR THE BEST IN FARM FINANCING COOPERATIVE i« FARM «REDI. Thr Eatmor Sauce Off -Season Plans Over the past few years more and more cranberry sauce has been purchased in January through October, it is announced by Town Advertising Agency of Philadelphia, representing Morris April Bros of New Jersey, which Arm is processing for Eatmor Cranberries, Inc. It is expected by trade sources that purchases of sauce in March and early April will equal purchases between Thanksgiving and the end of the year. Another concentration point is in the summer, especially In- dependence Day, when steadily inci-easing amounts of cranbei'ry sauce will be used during outdoor means, both cold and hot. Eatmor is planning special pro- nTotions for the Easter and Inde- pendence Day holidays. Eatmor brokers are to be furnished with the "tools" they need to protect existing distribution and to win new customers. The plans are designed, announces Town, (a) to help move inventories, and (b) to prove to the ti'ade that Eatmor is serious about increasing cranber- ry sauce sales volume by means CRANBERRIES go with this bird ^^^^^^E/ T\^ A'^^iK^^AmiV^^^^B m^w^ with this one! T. From Cape Cod to the Pacific Northwest, cranberry growers count on Rain Bird sprinklers to protect crops against frost and drought. On the Cranguyma Farms, at Long Beach, Washington, for example, 1,000 Rain Bird sprinklers provide made-to-order rain for one of the nation's major cranberry growers. Your crops, too, will grow with Rain Birds. Consult our research and planning department today for information. There's no obligation. Be sure the system you buy meets the requirements for design, installation and performance as set forth by the A.S.A.E. Nialti y^ «| Sirinklet Irrlitliii linciillii NATIONAL RAIN BIRD SALES & ENGINEERING CORP. AZUSA, CALIFORNIA , ..,.^^, RAINY SPRINKLER SALES 609 WEST LAKE STREET, PEORIA, ILL. of off-season promotion, (c) to make it clear to brokers that Eat- mor is doing some long-range planning rather than attempting to "crash" into stores in a single peak-season campaign. Lloyd Williams Directing Shows On Vermont TV Lloyd Williams, formerly edi- tor of Eatmor's "Cranberry World", is now employed as a television specialist for the Uni- versity of Vermont and Vermont Extension Service. He directs programs .over WMVT (Channel 13). Burlington. The station's signal beams from Mount Mansfield at the very top, covering practically all of the state, as well as parts of New Hampshire, New York, Ontario and Quebec. This is the only tele- vision in Vermont. Coverage is second only to WMTW, Mount Washington, in the New England area. Much of Mr. Williams' activi- fips have been concentrated on a program called "Across the Fence", Monday, 7.45 p. m., a public service feature. This pro- gram is designed to give viewers an appreciation and understanding of country living, illustrating ap- proved production techniques, marketing Vermont foodstuffs from farm to consumer, and how these products are used in every- day living. The cast of "live" talent has included cattle, sheep, poultry and bugs. OREGON ELECTS NEW LOCAL NCA DIRECTOR A meeting of NCA members at Bandon, Oregon, was held Feb- ruary 27 to elect a new director to serve on the National South- western Oregon Board. Jack Dean was chosen to serve for a period of three years, replacing Clarence Zumwatt, whose term had expii'ed. About 30 members were pre- sented, the meeting conducted by "Ed" Hughes. What we have built up in char- acter during life is the only thing we can take away with us. F»ur Issue of March 1955 — Vol. 19 No. 11 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop, Main St., Wareham, Massachusetts. Subscribtion. $8.00 per year. Entered ae second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-office at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3, 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS Was a Warmer Winter The Massachusetts cranberry area, in spite of some bitterly cold weather, averaged out warmer than normal. It brought the op- portunity for some ice sanding in January, the first time in several years, but as an entirety it was not a cold winter. December was warmer than the average, January definitely cold- er, February well into the plus side. In fact, the figures show an excess of temperature of 77 de- grees, or nearly three degrees a day. As of March first since Jan- uary first, the plus total was 51 degrees. Precipitation Precipitation as measured at the State Bog for February was 3.50 inches, very little of which was snow. The normal for the month is 3.67. Sanding State Bog A sandbank was opened at the State Bog March first, and sand- ing operations begun. About half of the bog will be covered, the work being done by the "jaloppy" method on contract. March Starts Miserably March came in with consider- able roaring of winds but it was a very bedraggled March lion. There was heavy rain the first day of the month and steady rain, sleet, fog or light snow on three sunless days, March 4, 5, 6. Precipitation for the nronth to, and including the 9th was 2.09, as recorded at State Bog. Normal for the month is 4.39. Temper- atures on the 8th were below freezing and the morning of the 9th brought a light fall of snow. March to that date had been mainly a miserable period. To the 10th temperature from normal for March was 18 minus, but for the year, since January first a plus 33. NEW -JERSEY Average February A frig'id first half and a mild second half of Febi-uary produced an "average" month, temperature- wise. The average temperature was 34.2, as compared with the normal of 34.5 degrees. The min- imum temperature was 3° F. on the 3rd and the maximum was a balmy 65° F. on the 28th. Rain- fall totaled vei-y slightly below average, 2.58 inches, as compared to the normal of 2.65 inches. Ground Water Shortage As of the end of February there was a shortage of ground water reserves in the New Jersey cran- berry area. Rainfall during the past three months has totaled 6.61 inches, which is 2.37 inches de- ficient from the normal amount. Oxygen Deficiency During the early part of Feb- ruary several bogs in New Jersey developed critically low oxygen contents. One rather stagnant bog had an oxygen reading of zero for at least 8 days. An adja- cent bog with the same ice condi- tions and similarly undrawn re- mained at about 6 c. c. of oxygen per liter of water throughout the critical period. The difference be- tween the two bogs is that the one with high oxygen content has clear, circulating water, while the bog deficient in oxygen had very dark water with very little move- ment, Dr. Fred Chandler's and Prof- Tomlinson's coaching in regard to the method of oxygen analysis was sincerely appreciated. Personal Professor "Bill" Tomlinsin of the Massachusetts Cranberry Ex- periment Station, with family, was a visitor at Pemberton over the Washington's Birthday holi- day. WISCONSIN Warmer January January temperatures averaged 4 to 8 degrees above normal, even though the latter part of the RTonth brought readings of from 20 to 25 below zero. Fairly mod- erate tmperatures in December, plus the warmer Januai-y, coupled with a blanket of snow, delayed , winter flooding of the marshes in most areas, although all marshes were under by the end of January. Winter Sanding Below average snowfall allowed growers to conduct their winter sanding operations more efficient- ly. However, a few northern growers reported 10 to 12 inches of snow. Most of the sanding operations were completed by the end of January. Dyke work will continue throughout the winter. Weather February temperatures aver- aged near normal and precipita- tion below normal. The first part of February brought sub-zero readings but the latter part reg- istered above normal. The snow cover was practically gone in the southern marshes by the end of February. Crop Disposition Disposition of Wisconsin's 1954 crop was about 60% fresh and 40% processing. This compares with the 1953 breakdown of 50% fresh and 50% processing, and the 1952 crop of 70% fresh and 30% procsesing. Early Buying Manufacturers of meahanical pickers and mechanical dryers have received early orders for this equipnTent for the 1955 season. A number of growers are also purchasing ground dusting ma- chines for the coming year. Fur- ther experimental work with weed killers being conducted by the Dept of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, on selected ci'anber- i-y marshes vrill commence in early spring. Individuals partici- pating in this work are Dr. R. H. Roberts and Dr. M. E. Dana. Vines Winter O. K. As of March 1 it appears that the vines ave coming through the winter in good shape. Passed Away Sympathy is extended to the families of Mrs. Quinn Stebbins and Mr. Samuel Mairs, who pass- ed away in February. Mrs. Steb- bins was the wife of Quinn Steb- bins, veteran cranberry grower of Mathei-. Mr. Mairs owned and operated the Isanti County Cran- berry Co. at Braham, Minnesota, which is the only cultivated cranberry marsh in that state WASHINGTON February Varied Month During the month of February there was a wide variation in climatic conditions. The maximrum temperature for the month was 54 degrees and the minimum 21 degrees. The percent of relative humidity varied from 100 down to 37 percent. Strong winds and frequent showers have prevented much outside work. During this time, however, machinery was overhauled and gotten ready for spring activities. Enlarged Program The Experiment Station at Long Beach has enlarged both its herbicide and fertilizer trials for the coming year. Any new herbi- cides recently produced will be screened during the season as to their possibilities in weed control. A good fertiliser program has also been established. Spring ap- plications will be made in a few weeks at the Station bog. Work w'll continue on insect control and re"cent of residue. "akinq Observations DonaH K. Ourecky, Junior Horticjlturist at the Station has NOW IS THE imi To Try Some Const ru','tive Thinking And I'lannin-.; For The Coming Season What to budget for weed control, insect control, sending, and other bog "musts". It is an excellent time to vev'ew thn?e se'dr m-'-hecked in?urance policies. Are they ui)-to-date, are they adequate, are they written at the lowest possible cost? C-i" on Eben A. Thacher for experienced assistance in makinfi; this review. Brewer & Lord INSURANCE 40 Broad Street, Boston, Mass. Telephone: Hancock 6-0S30 been making chromonsome counts and observations on various inter- specific crosses of both cranber- ries and blueberries during the past few weeks. This is along his special line of interest. Rainfall The February rainfall as meas- ured at Cranguyma Farms was 6.4 inches, the '54 rainfall for the month having been 11.41 in- ches. Belated Winter Winter made a belated appear- ance at Long Beach as February ended and March came in. Feb- ruary 27-28 ■ blanketed the area with several inches of snow and minor amounts of snow and hail fell for some days thereafter. The area was also buffeted with winds up to 70 miles an hour. Sixty-Acre Bog Changes Hands Alfred L. Pappi of Wareham and Edwin Heleen of West Wareham have purchased a 60-acre bog from the United Cape Cod Cranberry Company. This property, known as the "Washburn-Holmes' bog is pT't'v in Carver and partly in Middleboro. the Washburn piece bping in Carver and the Holmes in BTiddleboro. The bog is divided about 50-50, Early Blacks and Late Howes. Mr. Heleen has been superinten- dent for the United Cape Cod for the past 20 years and will continue active management of the Wash- burn-Holmes bog. He is president and general manager of the Pappi- Holmes partnership, while Mr. Pappi is secretary-treasurer. In addition to owning this prop- erty Pappi is sole owner of a 20- f.cre bog partly in Wareham and partly in Carver, formerly the pioperty of Brenton C. Patterson, former Wareham High School prin- cipal. Fertilizer prices, in terms of plant food content, have advanced only 13 percent since 1935 .... prices on all items farmers buy have advanced 125 percent in the same pei'iod. (Source U. S. Dept. of Agriculture). Six Fertilizers on Wisconsin Marshes LEO A. SORENSEN, Mid-West Cranberry Cooperative First of all there has been very little scientific research done on fertilizing Wisconsin cranberry marshes. What work that has been done is in-conclusive. What advance and use of fertilizer that has been accomplished has mainly been arrived at by prac- tical means Results obtained through this approach, for the most part, appear to be generally beneficial in increasing produc- tion. Prior to the end of the war very little commercial fertilizer was applied on the marshes. Most growers were afraid of encour- aging too much vine growth or endangering the keeping quality of the berries and other producing areas did not recomnvend fertil- izer on cranberry vines. It is now estimated that about two-hundred ton is applied annually on about seventy-five per cent of the state acerage. This would average out to the rate of about 150 lbs. to the acre. However, considerable spot fertilizing is done so that the rate per acre is undoubtedly higher. From these figures one can see that fertilizing the vines is an accepted cultural practice in Wisconsin. Complex Problems Realizing the complex problems involved in attempting to formu- late some scientific recommenda- tions, it is the general belief that it will be many years before any of these types of recommenda- tions can be arrived at. As far as Wisconsin being able to adopt scientific recommendations from other areas that too seems doubt- ful in view of the different growing conditions, etc. In view of this situation we are attemp- ting to do our best from a practi- , cal point of view, recognizing the limitations involved. Fertilizer studies have been conducted on muck and peat farms in Wisconsin, but one can not apply results obtained in them to the growing conditions and soil types of cranberry marshes. An- nual crops are raised on these alkaline soils and recommenda- tions call for about 500 lbs. of a 1 to 1 ratio or 1 to 3 ratio of phosphate to potash with a pro- portinate amount "f nitrogen ac- cording to the crop or crops being grown It has been demonstrated that peat is an unfertile soil and diefinitely needs available plant food to produce good ci-ops. No crop can produce beyond the abili- ty of the soil to feed it. In an attempt to acquaint growers with the practical infor- mation we had gathered we published a fertilizer recommend- ation chart in 1948. On this chart we made recommendations for new plantings and for producing beds. Soil tests gave us no use- able information. On this basis we recommended fertilizng for new plantings on the soil type and for producing beds on the general condition of the vines. We felt this to be the most practicable approach. Knowing that nitrogen was primarily responsible for vine develo; ment we recommend from 20 to 35 lbs of nitrogen per acre on new beds. The smaller amount for peat; the higher for sand. We found that the fertilizer should not be applied prior to planting and split applications gave better results. We also found our results better where the fertilizer was applied after one week of new growth. The second application should not be put on later than July 15th; otherwise growth would extend into late fall. In all cases we recommend the addition of some phosphato and potash to aid in the development of the vine. Whether the last two ele- ments are needed we do not know. Using this practice along with weed control, yields in excess of 150 barrels to the acre have been harvested the third year. Producing Beds On producing beds we have taken into consideration the gen- eral condition of the vines such as yield, number of uprights, length of upright grovrth, develop- ment of the vine, etc., disregard- ing the soil type. On so-called we? 7: vines we feel about 20 to 30 f vM -ogen per acre is need- ed along with the same amounts of phosphate and potash. For good producing beds and so- called healthy looking vines about 10 lbs. of nitrofcen, 30 to 40 lbs. of phosphate and 30 to 40 lbs. of potash. Generally speaking we use for cropping fertilizer 3-18-9, 4-16-16, or 5-20-20. If producing beds show more than 3% inches of upright growth and the yield is poor, pnining or sanding is reconrmended along with an ap- plication of 60 to 80 lbs. of phos- phate and potash to help counter- act the vine growth. We also recognize the fact of possibly in- adequate drainage. As to the time of application we have found the period when the buds start swelling to the cabbage head stage as the best time. In comparison to other areas we have a relatively short growing season and feel the plant should be pushed as much as possible to complete development of the crop. Plagued vnth an over-abundance of annual and perennial weeds and grasses we found later ap- plications benefited them more than the vines. Also, very little damage was done to the vines at this stage of development. Light- er applications along ditch edges are advised. Spot fertilzing is also recommended where broad- casting is doubtful. Practically all fertilizing is done with the solid form. Some work has been done with water soluble nitrogen and a limited amount with soluble complete fertilizer. The results look en- couraging, but much work still has to be done. We have been closely watching the development of the various forms of solid commercial fertil- izer and last year used a high percentage of the pellitized forms. Their price is now only slightly higher than the regular mixed forms and we have found that we get a much more even application of the material plus the important even distribution of the plant foods in using this type. Seven Growers Should Experiment In view of the lack of scientific research in this field in Wisconsin we recommend a grower do some experimenting on his own. We fully recognize the difference in marshes, the difference between individual sections and in some in- stances the differences vrithin a section. We feel the grower can benefit more and learn more about his marsh by doing this type of work himself. Records show that the highest yielding marshes generally carry on some type of annual fertilizer program. What part the fertilizer plays in this high production we cannot say. We do know the cost of the material ranging from six to eight dollars an acre should not be prohibitive. However, do not expect beneficial results if you do not have adequate drainage. The chances for receiving more extended scientific research in this field for cranberries in Wis- consin appears limited. First of all, the amount of fertilizer used by tue slate growers is not enough to interest any fertilizer company to extend financial help, secondly it appears doubtful that the growers would pay for a long time research program, and third- ly when you raise cranberries in a state that has more cows than people you can expect little help from the agricultural research interests. In view of these con- ditions it appears as though we must continue with our "hit and miss" methods. Fertilizing in Oregon When Clarence Hall's note was received regarding the March is- sue of Cranberries and an article on fertilizer, we were rather at a loss to know what to write. How- ever, after some thought, it seems that perhaps there are a few things with regard to fertilizer that have become accepted by most of the cranberry growers as good fertilizer practices. It seems to me that the key to our fertilizer problem is quality of fruit. It has been found quite generally in Oregon that yields can be increased by the use of small applications of nitrogen. However, if we use more than say 20 to 30 pounds per acre of actual nitrogen the quality of the fruit goes down. Too much ni- trogen gives us an increase in pro- duction, but the fruit is soft and of poor keeping quality. Another effect of excessive nitrogen fertil- ization is too much vine growth. The runners tend to overtop the Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers dj 4* ^ REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER in stock iT* V** *% 1- 'p -t" Construction Grade Redwood Spruce Fir Hardware Paints Roofing Millwork E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middleboro Rd. Cambridge St. E. Freetown Middleboro Tel. Rochester, Rockwell 38811 Tel. 1123 uprights and we get a wild bog that is very hard to handle. The practice with nitrogen that seems to give the best results in Oregon is to use about 10 pounds per acre applied in the fall to set the buds for next year and anoth- er 10 pounds or so applied about May to set the fruit. It would seem that in areas of extreme winter freezing the fall application might be moved up to late summer to make sure the nitrogen didn't keep the vines growing into the normally dor- mant period. Now let's go back to this qual- ity of fruit angle. I believe we can fertilize for quality as well as quantity. We would certainly in- clude phosphate and potash if we concern ourselves about quality. We have little experimental proof of responses to either phosphate or potash, but we have many grower observations and opinions following their use. For instance, a bog fertilized with just potash for several years and nothing else will tend to produce fruit that is very firm and of good keeping quality but a little small in fruit size. If some phosphate and a little nitrogen had been used we should have been able to retain the quality and increase the fruit size and quantity. In the matter of application, most of the growers in Oregon broadcast their fertilizers by hand. Some fertilize through their sprinkler irrigation systems. This method, of course, would distrib- ute the fertilizer only as evenly as the system distributes water, which is not too good in many cases. By hand broadcasting, growers are able to touch up pai-- ticular spots that appear to need more or less than the average ap- plication. Through soil tests we find that our cranberry bogs are generally very low in both phosphate and potash. They are way below the level that we consider is necessary for good production fronT our oth- er farm crops. It seems unreasn- able that cranberries would be so very much different in their min- eral I'cquirements that they would not be benefited by bringing those levels of phosiihate and potash up. JOHN R. THIENES, County Extension Agent. Coos County, Oregon Eight mmcim of STEH .- .?•»« .8 mm l.6«« (.( m«t «« mmri' 1 Oca 1.23 c« f.ji^tss l.*^! «» i.t7 t.z$ t.%0 £ARl¥ 81ACK (r^m STARVED to WELL-F£0 Effect of Fertilizer on Cranberry Uprights The uprights on the left show a serious lack of vigor, as is evi- denced by the thinness of the stem, the small size and relative scar- city of leaves, and the loss of many of the previous year's leaves. This might be due simply to the lack of plant food or a combination of other unfavorable growing condi- tions. The second upright is an average reasonably good upright but it still lacks the vigor needed to make berries of good size. The two uprights on the right are from well fertilized and otherwise well cared for bogs and are the sort which produce a really good crop. One hundred berries of the sort produced on the two right- hand uprights will fill twice as much spa"e in the cranberry pack- age as 100 berries from uprights like the two on the left. Thus, without any increase at all in the number of berries set, this sort of vigor can double the crop. Minor Elements By F. B. Chandler Mass. Cranberry Experiment Sta. Minor elements are very impoi't- ant in the growth of all plants and in most cases they have a great effect on the quality of the fruit. Knowing this, many plots have been used to study the effect on cranberries of the plant foods used in small quantity. So far, no de- finite knowledge has been gained from Massachusetts cranberry bogs on the elements which are bene- ficial. In one bog in one year the color of the vines was improved when all elements were used. In another bog in anoth-er year some of the toxic eflTects of copper were shown. Soils analysis has been helpful in relating minor elements to pro- duction in Washington according to an article in CRANBERRIES (June 1951, p 10) by R. Anderson Fisher. So far such a relationship has not been found in Massachu- ?etts. In Washington the high yielding bogs are those with a li'gh cc'itent of soluble iron and at least twice as much available iron as aluminum. Changes in Wisconsin Sales Organization Ben Pannkuk, sales manager, was recently elected vice-presi- dent and a director of Cranberry Growers, Inc., (Indian Trail) Wis- consin Rapids, Wisconsin. Pann- kuk succeeds G. A. Getzin, who has resigned. In both positions he has assumed the stock owner- ship held by Getzin. The Getzin Cranberry Company will continue as an associate mem- ber of Cranberry Growers, Inc. Pannkuk joined the firm as sales manager in 1952. William H. Huffman, Jr., has been elected a director to replace Mrs. Louise Huffman, resigned. Other directors are Bernard C. Brazeau and R. S. Brazeau, who is also secretary-treasurer. B. C. Brazeau is president. Cranberry Growers, Inc., is now entering its eighth year of oper- ation. USE AGRICO: /or Cranberries A QUALITY FERTILIZER FOR A QUALITY CROP For the name of your nearby Agrico Agent Call or Write The AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL CO. North Weymouth. Mass. or Harold L. Eldridge, 64 Gibbs Ave., Wareham, Mass. Telephone Weymouth 9-2640 Tel. Whm. 168.W Nina Cranberry Fertilizer Research in N. J By CHARLES A. DOEHLERT Associate Research Specialist N. J. Agricultural Experiment Station Beginning in 1948 we felt at the New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Laboratory that it was time to take a new approach to the subject of fertilizing cran- berries. A serieso of experiments was arranged which have begun to show encouraging results. Conclusions mentioned in this article have all been published in some form and are accessible to all growers, the reference to publication being given at the end of each section. Aircraft Fertilizing, A Recent Incentive Prior to the release of data on methods of aircraft fertilizing on New Jersey cranberry bogs, we had not realized that the actual operation of spreading fertilizer on the bos-s was an important deterrent to fertilizing. The rapid increase of bog acreage fertilized soon made it apparent, however, that this labor-saving and vine- saving method encounraged grow- ers to use more fertilizer. The first helpful fact was that when the fertilizer dropped from the plane was analyzed, we found there was no serious "sorting out" of the three ingredients of ordinai-y standard fertilizer By ingredients we mean nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. This meant that we were willing to go ahead and use ordinary commercial fertilizer. The plane quite naturally drops the fertilizer more heavily im- mediately underneath the fusel- age, and the amount per square foot decreases as one examines the deposit to the left or to the right. At the normal flying al- titude of 20 feet and with normal light breezes, the swath of fertil- izer laid down is not more than 42 feet wide for practical pur- poses. It is deposited very thinly at the edges. Data secured so far indicates that if the plane flies at an altitude of about 20 feet and spaces its trip across the bog 24 feet from center to center, an even distribution will be secured. The very best deposit secured made an even distribution with trips spaced 30 feet apart. But we have not yet shown how to make this a regular result. The skill of the pilot consists in main- taining the 24-foot spacing and completely using up his quota per acre on the first succession of flights across the bog. If he has a considerable amount of fertil- izer left in his hopper and must go back for a few passages to use up his quota per acre, then he does not get a uniform disti'ibu- tion. (Proceedings of American Cranberry Growers Association, Pemberton, N. J., Jan. 1951.) Plant Habits Related to Fertilizer Effect A study of the vines on an Early Black bog in one of our larger fertilizer experiments re- vealed some particularly interest- ing plant characters which seem to be important in evaluating fer- tilizer effects. It was evident that number of uprights per square foot was not the simple and direct ex- planation of size of crop. Areas that produced more than 200 ber- ries to the square foot had up- r'p-hts varying all the way from .300 to 600 uprights per square foot. Of course, we remember that Dr. Bergman has shown that when the density goes above 750 uprights per square foot the development of fruit rot is favored. We do not fertilize simply to increase up- rights per square foot. It was plainly apparent that 4/5 of the crop in this experiment was borne on uprights having 3, 4, or 5 flowers. Pollination on this bog was strikingly high. Regardless of whether the yield was high or low, 45 percent of the flowers ma- tured berries to red ripeness. We have no way of knowing whether this was due to an accident of per- fect weather for bee activity of pollination, or to the scarcity of wild bloom, or to the vigor of the cranberry vines which made the bloom especially attractive to the bee or simply receptive to the pollen. The most outstanding fea- ture in the data was the fact that areas yielding less than 200 berries per square foot, had carried bloom on only 22 percent of their up- rights. On the other hand, areas yielding more than 250 berries per square foot had carried bloom on 32 percent of their uprights. The group of plots bearing 200 to 250 berries per square foot was pur- posely omitted from this consider- ation so we would have two very clearly defined classes. So far as we could see, no other visible fac- tor of plant condition approached the importance of the percentage of uprights which bloomed. It pays both the grower and the experi- menter to study the set of fruit buds in the autumn. (CRANBER- RIES, May, 1953, pages 23 to 25.) Vine Quality as Affected by Fertilizer June fertilizing for four years with 300 pounds of 6-6-6 per acre (equivalent to 225 pounds 8-8-8) on an old Champion bog did not have any important eff'ect on the number of uprights per square foot or the percent flowering. It did, however, very definitely in- crease ■ the length of the new ter- minal growth, the diameter of that same stem growth, the number of berries produced per square foot, and the average diameter of the berries. The total result of these benefits was a yield of 102 berries per square foot with fertilizer as compared with 70 where there was no fertilizer. On a Poor-Producing Champion Bog Fertilizer applied in early No- vember showed striking results the folowing summer similar to the pff"ect o*" June fertilizing, and in addition increased the percentage of flowering uprights. In the un- fei'tilized areas 15 percent of the uprights flowered. In the fertilized areas 24 percent of the uprights flowered. Since the fertilizer was applied too late in the fall to change the number of fnait buds, it had apparently done something to bring the buds through the win- ter in a more virile condition. It has also been found in our work with blueberries that October and November fertilizing is beneficial when the bushes show some need for nitrogen. While the benefit to cranberries from a single ap- plication of fall fertilizers is clear (Continued on P«fe 12) T«n ISSUE OF MARCH 1955 Vol. 19-No. 11 ^^^^o«w.c«Me£Bsr«^^ OUR FERTILIZER ISSUE AS we announced last month, this issue is'built in large part around fertilizers and methods of applications. We have done our utmost to make it a "round-up" of the latest information from the cranberry areas upon this important part of cran- berry culture. With costs of production up, it behooves the grower to make two berries come into maturity where one did before. The use of the right kind of fertilizer in the right amount and at the right time will help ac- complish this. Information in this issue tells you what the other fellow is doing in this field, and not only in cranberries but other lines of agriculture. We believe this particular issue will be of special value to you as growers. At least we hope so. We hope you will read the material carefully, and file it for future reference. "EQUIPMENT ISSUE" NEXT month, with the spring meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association at Wareham town hall and its showing of cranberry equipment of all kinds, we hope to get out a special "cranberry equipment" number. This, again should be instructive, and again showing what the other fellow is doing. This swapping of ideas is one of the ways in which the cranberry industry will continue to grow and prosper. The world is moving ahead so rapidly that it is indeed difficult to keep abreast of all new developments. There are new insecticides, herbicides, and as we mentioned in this issue, new fertilizers. There is new equipment of all sorts being developed constantly. There is much ingenuity among the growers in developing special equipment. Truly, we repeat, the world is moving ahead so fast — going somewhere, anyhow — that it makes the head spin. Science is achieving marvels beyond belief. We read the other day where a guided missle has been made which is capable of a speed of 10,000 miles an hour. Nuclear energy is not only being used in the preparation for wars, which we hope will not come, but for peaceful purposes, to produce heat, to make electricity. May- CRANBERRIES - WAREHAM, MASSACHUSETTl Subscription $3.00 per y««r Advertising rates upon application Editor and Publisher CLARENCE J. HALL EDITH S. HALL — Associate Editor CORRESPON DENTS— ADVISORS Wisconsin LEO A. SORENSON Wisconsin Rapids Washington — Oregon CHARLES C. DOUGHTY Cranberry Specialist Long Beach, Wash. ETHEL M. KRANICK Bandon, Oregon Massachusetts DR. CHESTER E. CROSS Director Mass. State Cranberry Experiment Station East Wareham, Mass. BERTRAM TOMLINSON Barnstable County Agricultural Agent Barnstable, Mass. New Jersey CHARLES A. DOEHLERT P. E. MARUCCI New Jersey Cranberry and Blueberry Station Pemberton, New Jersey be someday we will use atomic energy in some aspect in our cranberry growing. WELL, to get back to earth, here it is March again and the water will come off the bogs. Spring activities will be renew- ed. There is hope that we can sell all we can produce, at a reasonable profit margin, without constantly growing population and expanding economy. Elsvao Fertilizer in New Jersey (Continued from Page 10) cut, it does not follow that we should abandon fertilizing at other times in the year. This fact will be brought out in the section im- mediately following. (Proceedings of American Cranberry Growers' Association, Pemberton, N. J., Au- gust, 1953.) Split Application of Fertilizer Increases Crop Without Causing Rot In this experiment nine different treatments of fertilizer were com- pared with no fertilizer on a Cham- pion bog. The results here dis- cussed were recorded in the fourth year of the experiment. The gen- eral rate of treatment was 300 pounds of 6-6-6 (225 pounds of 8-8-8) per acre every year. In other words, nitrogen was never used at more than 18 pounds per acre. In this experiment variations of treatment included minor elements, omission of potash, use of magne- sium, division of the year's fertil- izer into four times of application, and reducing the nitrogen by 50 percent, as well as a study of June, August, and October as dates for applying fertilizer. At present, the iVIAKE SURE YOU| NEXT TRUCK HAS AN UP-TO-DATE ENGINE Go modern! Go short-stroke! Go Ford! See Our Display at Spring Equipment Show of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion in April at Wareham. H. A. SUDDARD Inc. Elm St., Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 643 results which are most striking all center around the three different times for applying the fertilizer. Fertilizing in June alone was better than in August alone or in October alone, but the difference was not outstanding. Applying half the fertilizer in June and half on Au- gust 1 was markedly superior to either the August treatment or the October treatment; it was somewhat better than applying all the fertilizer in June. The Au- gust fertilizer tended to increase the number of fruit buds formed. The largest berries in all ten ser- ies were produced by fertilizer ap- plied entirely in June or in the combination of June and August treatments. In no case has any one of the nine fertilizer treat- ments resulted in an increase of rot as ocmpared to the no-fertilizer treatment. It should be remem- bered that we have not worked with treatments which apply more than 18 pounds of actual nitrogen per acre in any one year. (Pro- ceedings of American Cranberry Growers Association, Pemberton, N. J., February, 1954.) 1-1-1 Ratio Favored Over Low Nitrogen, High Potash, High Phosphorus A comparison of 7-7-7, 0-14-14 and 3-12-6 fertilizers on a series of 33 plots of Early Black variety is showing an easily seen superior- ity for the 1-1-1 ratio, represented by 7-7-7 in this case. (CRANBER- RIES, September, 1954, p. 21.) BALD-HEADED EAGLE SEEN ON CAPE COD CRANBERRY BOG That rare bird, a bald-headed eagle, with a wing-spread esti- mated at more than six feet, was seen at Mashpee, Cape Cod, sit- ting on a dike of a cranberry bog in early March. He was seen by two men, Lennox Rodman of Craigville and Robert L. Savery of Falmouth. The men, occupants of a car, halted and watched the great bird for more than a minute before it leisurely flew away. The average fertilizer applica- tion ranges from 2 pounds per acre in South Dakota to 1440 pounds per acre in Florida. Fertilizer Materials By F. B. Chandler Mass. Cranberry Experiment Sta. Fertilizer Materials change from time to time in relation to new by- products and new methods de- veloped by chemical engineers. Sometimes these changes are slight and farmers are not aware of the change. Sometimes the change does not remove a product from the market but changes its price so it is no longer practical to use the material as a fertilizer. Cotton seed meal, fish meal, dried blood, castor pomace, linseed meal and bone meal are all prepared in such a way that they may be used for animal food and as such they demand a price much higher than most farmers want to pay. Im- proved methods have increased the amount of the above materials pro- duced but decreased the amount used as fertilizer. While this has g-reatly reduced the supply of these organic fertilizers there has been an incrase in fertilizers made from sewerage. Two of the names for this type of fertilizer are "Millo- ganite" and Nitroganic." The chemists and engineers have made it possible to take more of the nitrogen from the air for use as a fertilizer. This has been ac- complished by more and larger plants, new by-products, better physical condition of by-products and better methods of distribution. The plants making fertilizer by taking nitrogen from the air have been increasing in number particu- larly in the United States, and the output of each plant has been in- creasing since the first World War. For many years most of the nitro- gen taken from the air was sold a area which was used alone or mixed fertilizer. Recently a large part of the nitrogen of the air is converted to ammonia and sold as anhydrous ammonia or ammonium nitrate. Anhydrous ammonia production increased six fold from 1947-48 to 1952-53 (54,000 tons to 325,000 tons.) Therefore, in recent years there have been many bulletins and articles on the use of anhy- drous ammonia or liquid ammonia as a fertilizer. This has also been TwelT* used extensively in mixed fertiliz- ers, both dry and liquid. The De- cember issue of "Butane-Propane News", a magazine for the bottle gas business, devoted 58 pages to Anhydrous Ammonia. The articles and advertisments in this magazine are very educational, and some of that information is presented herp together with information from bulletins. Ammonia gas is compressed to a liquid and shipped in pressure tank cars or tank truck. At 100 degrees Fahrenheit this gas creates about 200 pounds of pressure and is handled in tanks tested for 250 pounds or more. At present, most of the equipment for storage and application is owned by the com- pany selling the anhydrous am- monia. Therefore, this highly con- centrated fertilizer, 82 percent ni- trogen, is usually applied to the land for the quoted price. Ammonia gas may also be added to water, giving a liquid fertilizer which does not have to be handled under pressure — this may be called aqua ammonia or ammonia liquor. UTea may be added to ammonia liquor giving a solution which has 32 percent nitrogen and is very popular in some sections of the country. The above are all sources of nitrogen only, and there are a number of compounds which have both nitrogen and phosphorus. Urea may be treated with phos- phoric acid to get a fertilizer about 17-44-0. This is a very good type of fertilizer for cranberry land. Fertilizer Trends in general are toward more concentrated forms of fertilizer and ammonia is be- coming a common source of nitro- gen. Fertilizer is also being ap- plied more and more as a liquid. These are general trends in the fertilizer industry as a whole. The trend in the Massachusetts cran- berry industry is slightly diffei'ent. More growers are using fertilizer and applying it in larger amounts, which -in general is increasing yield and in most cases is decreasing- the maintenance cost. With the in- crease in fertilizer used there has been an increase in the amount of phosphorus. Ratios of 1-2-1 are used much more than formerly. The 1-2-1 ratio is presented by grades such as 5-10-5, 8-16-8, 10-20-10. The 1-2-1 ratio was sug- gested in CRANBERRIES Febru- ary 1949, p. 14. Ratios high in phosphorus give better quality fi'uit and better type of vines. The rates of application have increased to give about 20 pounds of nitrogen per acre. A crop of 100 barrels per acre will remove twenty-three nounds of nitrogen, according to Colby in CRANBER- RIES October 1945, pages 6 and 7. In comparison to other crops this is a small amount of fertilizer grapes require 25 Dounds of nitvo- g-en and apples 30 pounds, while some other crops receive 100 or more pounds of nitrogen. Pelletize-l Fertilizer Pelletized fertilizer has increased because of the amplications from the air and some people prefer it for hand distributic' i. The use of anhydrous ammonia and liquid fer- tilizers have not increased as much as they could. Some bogs are well adapted to the use of these ma- terials. Many cranberry growers have used urea (NuGreen) as an important source of nitrogen. Be- cause of the benefits, urea will be used in increasing amounts in the future. On the other hand, the use of nitrate of soda has been de- creasing which is desirable, par- ticularly on poor drainage bogs. Fertilizers in Relation to Other Practices is a very important sub- ject as it may save many hours of time and reduce bog damage. Fertilizer may be used in sprink- ler systems which have been de- signed for irrigation as they will give an even distribution of fertil- izer. Sprinkler systems which have been planned for frost protection do not have a uniform distribution in most cases afid are not satisfac- tory for fertilizer applications. Fertilizer may be applied in the flood water and this has been done by some growers. Both of these methods save most of the time us- ually required to apply the fertil- izer alone, and also prevent the damage that occurs with so many methods of application. The dis- advantage of these methods are 1) the time of irrigating or flooding- and the desired time of fertilizing- '^ay not co'- cide, also 2) with the floodin<>- method the soil is fertil- ized in relation to the time the flood water is on. which puts more fertilizer in the lower areas. Fer • tilizers may bs combined with many of the insecticides, such as urea with the treatments for the root grub. Fertilizer Recommendations for all bogs are difficult or impossible to make because of bog variation, but some aids can be given to help the grower plan his feililizer pro- gram. While all complete fertiliz- ers have three elements, only ni- trogen (represented by the first figure on the bag) -will change the FERTILIZER IN RELATION TO CROl J Crop Pounds Pounds of Fertilizer per Acre to Replace Nitrogen in bbl. Per A of N Removed Removed by Crop 5-10-5 8-16-8 Nitrogen applied separate from Phosphorus and potash Urea or Sulphate of Phos. and Ammonia Potash 0-20-20 7-77 50 12 240 150 27 57 120 171 75 18 360 225 40 86 180 257 100 23 460 288 51 110 230 328 150 36 720 450 80 170 360 514 200 46 920 575 102 220 460 657 Tkirt«cn general appearance of the vines. The other elements, phosphorus (second figure) and potassium (third figure) are needed. Phos- phorus improves the quality of the fruit and vines. Therefore, it is best to plan to apply all three ele- ments, preferably in a 1-2-1 ratio. However, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potash do not have to be ap- plied at once. The phosphorus and potash may be applied in heavy application, that three or four years supply, and the nitrogen ap- plied as desired with aeroplane, sprinklers, flood water or insecti- cide. One way to consider the amount of fertilizer to be applied is to replace the amoui'it removed by the crop taken from the bog C. & L CRANBERRY BOG PRUNER If you want to prune right . . . USE THE C & L PRUNING MACHINE If you want to prune at the lowest cost . . . USE THE C & L PRUNING MACHINE If you want to prune with no damage to the bog . . . USE THE C & L PRUNING MACHINE If you want to prepare the bog for a picking machine . . . USE THE C & L PRUNING MACHINE The C & L PRUNING MACHINE not only does it right, with the minimum cost, the least damage and in the quickest time, it also ... in a good many cases . . . has increased the crop because it opened up the vines so the sun could get in. For further information call either . . . pRANKK P. CRANDON Rockwell 3-5526 HERBERT C. LEONARD New Bedford 3-4332 C. & L. EQUIPMENT CO. 191 Leonard Street Acushnet, Massachusetts Tel. New Bedford 3-4332 (see table). There is a bog dif- ference and some bogs will need less, but other bogs will need more. If the crop is to be increased, more fertilizer will be needed — the soil is like a bank — the plant can not draw out elements unless they have been deposited. Another method of checking fertilizer need is to mea- sure some of the fruiti.ig uprights. When the uprights are less than an inch and a quarter, they need a complete fertilizer. On the other hand, fruiting uprights which are too long, over a two and three- quarters of an inch, indicate too much nitrogen, and they usually will benefit from a 0-20-20 fer- tilizer or superphosphate. Vine color is a good indication of fertil- izer need for most experienced growers. Wisconsin Fertilizer By Dr. George L. Peltier Consultant for Cranberry Growers, Inc. (Indian Trail) The cranberry situation these past few years has been such that it behooves the grower to make two cranberries grow for the cost of one, if he is going to make his operations pay out. One means by which he can increase yields and so lower the overall cost of production per pound is through the judicious use of fertilizers. During the 1954 seaso'?, in co- operation with Prof. A. R. Albert of the University of Wisconsin, yields and other data were ob- tained from the fertilizer plots lo- cated in the Wisconsin River, Cran- moor and Warrens area. An analy- sis of this data during the winter mo.'iths points to the following trends. Nitrogen. As has been men- tioned in previous letters, nitrogen is essential to vine growth, but when applied in above optimum amounts or at the wrong time, or both, car lead to unfavorable growth conditions. The correct amount of nitrogen to be applied, varies not only from bog to bog, but from section to section on a bog'. Each grower needs to study and ascertain for himself just what is the proper amount of nitrogen for each section of his bog for the FeurtMB Coink*g season. The second import- ant factor in nitrogen utilization is the time of application. Evidence tends to show that nitrogen should be applied as early as possible after the vines begin growth in the spring. Usually cranberry vines initiate growth before the floodii^g season is over. So long as flooding continues there cannot be any ap- preciable amount of available ni- trate nitrogen in the soil for the growing vines. It is common kilDwledge that all crop plants suf- fer more or less from a lack of available nitrates during cool, wet weather and, under these condi- tions, application of nitrate nitro- gen gives plants a tremendous boost. Remember that the cranberry growing season is short. Every day it can be extended by gettiiig an earlier start, should help. Thus, wherever the need for ni- trates is indicated, they should be applied as early in May as possible, particularly when a frost-free per- iod is available. Late application of nitrogen (mid-June or later) has a tendency to encourage excess vine growth at the expense of he fruit crop. Timing of nitrogen ap- plications is really as important as he actual amount applied. Observations seem to indicate that where early applications of nitrogen are made, it is taken fp by the vines before some of the weeds and grasses get started, so that there is not too much avail- able for weeds, whereas, when ap- plied later, with the weeds in their active growing period, more nitro- gen is used by the weeds aad less is left for the vines. Phosphorus and Potassium. The results from the fertilizer plots in all three areas Wisconsin Rapids, Cranmoor, Warrens, seem to show that a high level of potassium is essential. Prof. Albert is of the opinion that sections should carry at least 100 pounds per acre of available phosphorus to produce good yields, whereas the available potassium should be about 250 pounds per acre to balance with the phosphorus level. More growers should take ad- vantage of the service rendered by the Soils Department of the Col- lege of Agriculture, in analyzing samples of their bog soils, so that more exact ratios of the essential elements can be applied more wisely. Micro-elements. As in 1953, magnesium sulfate, copper sulfate, and to some extent, small amounts of borates seem to increase yields in all three areas. Iron sulfate al- so had an effect on yields in the Wisconsin River and Warrens areas, although for some reason it does not seem to be effective in the Cranmoor area. The results with manganese salts have been variable. In general, zinc sulfate, chelates, fritted trace elements and tetrine have shown only nega- tive results so far as their influence on yield and keeping qualities of the fruit are concerned. Sulfur. For the past three years sulfur applications, at rates as high as 1,000 pounds per acre, have been ineffective in making the soil more acid on several of the bogs in the Wisconsin River area, where the pH of both the soil and flood waters is too high for opti- mum growing conditions. In no ease have the sulfated plots yield- ed more than the untreated plots, so sulfur has had little or no ef- fect on yields. So far, no practical method has been found to make the soil more acid in this area. Water White KEROSENE TANK TRUCK and HIGH-PRESSURE STODDARD SOLVENT SERVICE SPRAYING Arranged NATHAN G. ROBY Carver, Mass. Range and Fuel Oils Tel. 95-2 Bottled Gas and Appliances STONE & FORSYTH COMPANY Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVEREH, MASS Tel. EV 7 - 1240 - 1241 - 1242 Fifteen Lime. In the Warrens area, lime has been quite effective in correcting the pH of some very acid bogs as well as discouraging the growth of sphagnum and wood mosses. Slight increases in yield have also been noted in the plots in this area with applicatioiis of 1,500 and 3,000 pounds of lime per acre. Under no circumstances should lime be employed where the pH of the soil is above 5. There is available this season in most formulation a "pellet" type of fertilizer, which may have sev- ei'al advantages over the old "pow- der" form. These include (1) ease of application by planes, drill, or hand spreading; (2) the pellets reach the soil immediately, with- out dusting the foliage; and (3) the fertilizer does .lot all go into solution at one time, which may be an advantage with early applica- tions before the flooding season is over. The use of "pellet" type fer- tilizer is increasing rapidly and may be adopted by some growers this season. As has alreday been emphasized, it is much more economical to use high analysis fertilizer, both from the sta.-»dpoint of original cost per unit of plant food and the labor involved in its application. Low analysis fertilizer may contain fill- ers, sometimes in the form of lime, which, of course, is not good on many of the bogs. In other words, a 50-20-20 formulation is cheaper in the long ru.-» than 3-12-12, since both have the same ratio (1-4-4) of the three major elements. As far as current prices are con- cerned, they will average near to the cost of fertilizers purchased in 1954. About 90 percent of the fertilizer used in New England is higher in phosphorus and potash than nitrogen. ONE - WAY LOW - LIFT TRUFANT STRAIGHT-LINE PUMPS This is the simplest Trufant pump setup — just the pump, piping and one fully-automatic discharge valve. Yet it can be made reversible at any time by adding a second discharge valve and controls both valves. The dike may be wide or narrow. By pushing the water through the dike rather than lifting it over the top (or over flashboards) you pump against the lowest possible head at all times. There is no power-wasting fountain or cascade. No spectacular display, just power purposefully used. In WISCONSIN See COLDSWORTHY PREFABRICATED FLUMES BOG RAILROADS RUSSELL A. TRUFANT Carver 64-11 North Carver, Mass. "Ask The Grower Who Belongs" CRANBERRY GROWERS, Inc. Mead -Witter BIdg. 1 Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin I iuiraii!iniii'Ei'i;iBii!iai!mii!iE]iiii:B!nHiiiiHiinBi Cape Growers' Meeting to Be April 21 Spring meeting of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Association is to be at the Wareham Mass. town Hall, Thursday, April 21. The us- ual equipment show will be held in connection with this starting at 2 p. m. ,\ buffet supper will be served at 6:30 and following will be the business meeting and a speak- ing program, with possibly a dance to wind up this affair which is always of great interest to all growers. Reaction of Fertilizers The acid or alkaline residue of fertilizers varies and most cran- berry growers do not realize whether the fertilizers increase or deci-ease the acidity of the soil. The followiug will be helpful: Nitrate of soda — alakline Ammonium nitrate ) Anhydrous ammonia ) — all cadi Urea ) Sulfate of Ammonia — twice as acid as above. F. B. C. New England uses about two percent of the fertilizer consumed in the United States. Sixt»n Appreciation For Sue Pitman Miss Sue Pitman, foinier as- sistant treasurer and office Ktan- ager for the now defunct New Engand Cranberry Sales Co of Middleboro was honored by mem- bers and directors on Friday eve- ning at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Isaac Isaacson of Carver. Fred L. Bailey of Kingston, on behalf of the members of the N. E. C. S. Co. presented her with a check for §500 and an engraved silver money clip in appreciation of her many years of service with the company. Approximately 50 percent of the total consumptic^n of fertilizer in the United States is applied to the cotton crops. A clear conscience keeps a man cool when he's under fire. It's the Mighty Mite of chain saws only 22 pounds •Actual Dynamometer Rated Horsepower "Homelite" Model 17 Chain Saw No other saw so light ... so easy to handle . . . packs as much power. Enough power to zip through an IS inch tree in 18 seconds. Enough power to cut trees 4 feet or more in diameter and to stand up without costly maintenance under steady pro- duction cutting. Try it . . . this mighty mite of chain saws . . . the new Homelite Model 17, today. FIELD - mdm EQUIPiViENT Inc. Bedford St. East Bridgwater Phone E. B. 8-2761 MARCH 1955 MARCH FORWARD INTO ANOTHER e'PRING, AND ACTIVE SEASON. HAVE— ELECTRICITY —At Your Beck and Call, in Your Cranberry Work, in Your Home. Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL, 1300 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries CAPE COD CRANBERRIES MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plynaouth— 1760 70,000 EASTER RABBITS... o CO ,tf U f . . . plus full color advertisements in This Week, Better Homes and Gardens, Good Housekeeping, Ladies' Home .Journal and Holiday will sell the idea of Ocean Spray Cranberry Sauce to millions of shoppers. Featured are recipes for Easter Ham and Turkey made more delicious with cranberry sauce. This is another of Ocean Spray's campaigns to build a stable, profitable, year round market for cranberries. NATIONAL CRANBERRY ASSOCIATION The Growers' Cooperative Hanson, Mass. Onset, Mass. Boi'dentown, N. J. North Chicago, Illinois Coquille, Ore. Markham, Wash. IRVING A $20,000,000 A YEAR INDUSTRY :ape cod new jersey wisconsin OREGON WASHINGTON SPECIAL EQUIPMENT ISSUE IRVING DEMORANVILLE has checked and counted thousands of cranberri (CRANBERRIES Ph 30 Cents April 1955 SERVING ,TJ1E CEL4N^RR^,,mEttlSTRY Morris April Bros. Bridgeton - Tuckahoe New Jersey Apples Cranberries Peaches GROWERS AND SHIPPERS Cape & Vineyard Electric Company Offices: Chatham Falmouth Hyannis Provincetown Vineyard Haven BOG SERVICE & SUPPLIES INSECTICIDES FERTILIZERS FUNGICIDES Agent for WIGGINS AIRWAYS Helicopter Spray and Dust Service R. F. MORSE WEST WAREHAM, MASS. Wareham Savings Bank and Falmouth Branch Welcome Savings Accounts Loans on Real Estate Safe Deposit Boxes to Rent PHONE WAREHAM 82 FALMOUTH 80 The National Bank of Wareham Conveniently located for Cranburry Men Funds always available for sound loans Complete Banking Service Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. BRICCS & STRATTON, CLINTON, WISCONSIN, LAWSON and HERCULES ENGINES E-xpert Workmanship Only Genuine Parts used Engine Driven Generators For Emergency Portable and All Applications Power Mowers and Tractors Serviced Alan Painten Co. Established 1922 Tel. 334 HANOVER, MASS. iQUIPMENT HAYDEN — SEPARATOR — WAREHAM MASS. MYER'S SPRAYERS PUMPS SCREENHOUSE EQUIPMENT SEPARATORS - BLOWERS DARLINGTON PICKING MACHINES Extensive Experience in ELECTRICAL WORK At Screenhouses, Bogs and Pumps Means Satisfaction ALFRED PAPPI WAREHAM, MASS. Tel. 626 ADVERTISE in CRANBERRIES DIRECTORY FOR CRANBERRY GROWERS WATER VvHITE KEROSENE For use on Cranberry Bogs Also STODDARD SOLVENT Pinmpt Deliveiy Service Franconia Coal Co. ~ Inc. — Wareham, Mass. Tel. 39-R CRANBERRY GROWERS Choose and Use Niagara Dusts, Sprays and Dusters Niagara Chemical Division Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation Middleport, New York Mew England Plant and Warehouse Ayer, Mass. Tel. Spruce 2-2365 Send A Copy To Your Friends . . Robert W. Savary CHRYSLER-PLYMOUTH SALES and SERVICE "The Car With The 100-Million Dollar Look!" Repairs on all makes of ears Tel. Waieham G3-R Goodyear and Federal Tires Genuine Parts and Accessories East Wareham, Mass. PUMPS for all uses PUMP REPAIRS WATER SUPPLY MOTORS — ENGINES WELL SUPPLIES TANKS INDUSTRIAL HOSE AETNA ENGINEERING CO. HANOVER, MASS. WITHOUT CHARGE Please send a free copy of CRANBERRIES with my compliments to the persons listed below: To Address . City . , To - Address . .2 State City .... Z State.. Sender ... Address =1 HARDIE SPRAYERS BUFF\LO TURBINE SpT aver — Dnster niSSTON CHAIN SAWS MALL ELECTRIC CHAIN SAWS GORMAN-RUPP Ce;itrifugal Pumps MATIIFWS WHEEL and ROLLER CONVEYOR INSECTICIDES FUNGICIDES WEFD KILLERS Frost Insecticide Co. 24 Mill St. A^Iin^rton 74, Mass. Tel. An 5-fiino. B-6101 AMES IRPJGATION SYSTEMS RAENBIRD SPRINKLERS PRIZER APPLICATORS FOR FERTILIZERS & INSECTICIDES The Charles W. Harris Company 26 Somerset Avenue North Dighton, Mass. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT In the issues of last month we neglected to say that the photo on page 7 in connection with the article "Effect of Fertilizer on Cranbei'ry Uprights" was furnished by C. A. Doehlert of the New Jer- sey Cranberry-Blueberry Experi- ment Station. "CRANBERRIES" ADVERTISING PAYS BIG DIVIDENDS! Reasonable Rates on Request One 1. W. Hurley Co. Attention Growers!! VOLTA OIL CO. • COAL for Distributor of the Famous • NEW ENGLAND your Spring weed control COKE we offer TEXACO • FUEL OIL water white kerosene WATER WHITE Water White "GRADE A" KEROSENE -KEROSENE- meter trucks STODDARD SOLVENT For your Bog For BOGS SUPERIOR STODDORD SOLVENT (METERED TRUCKS) 24-hour Fuel Oil Service FUEL COMPANY Tels. 840 Ply. and 1340-R Telephone 24-2 Wareham, Mass. Plymouth, Mass. 341 Main St. WAREHAM Tel. 9.3-J Hedg-e Road, Plymouth HOWARD ROTARY HOE Middleborough HAYDEN SEPARATOR Tops in Service POWER SYCTHES Trust Company WAREHAM, MASS. CRANBERRY ENGINES & PARTS Many Makes MIDDLEBORO SPECIALIST POWER MOWERS MASS. for PAINTS - TOYS SHOR-RANE PIPE DEXTER EQUIPMENT CO. Member of RAINBIRD HEADS Rtes. 6 & 28 The Federal Deposit PERMANENT & MOVABLE East Wareham, Mass. Tel. Whm. 11.59 Marion 55-M Insurance Corporation installations for FROST and IRRIGATION Water White STODDARD CRANBERRIES KEROSENE SOLVENT is the only TANK TRUCK SERVICE and publication HIGH-PRESSURE SP RA YING of the industry Arranged which accepts NATHAN G. ROBY advertising Carver, Mass. Range and Fuel Oils Tel. 95-2 Bottled Gas 6 I CI. yj t. gjij Appliances Two Mass. Cranberry Station and Field Notes by J. RICHARD BEATTIE Extension Cranberry SPSC'sl'st Recent visitors to the State Bog have seen some rema I'kable changes in its general appearance. Three long- dikes have been nearly completed which sub-divide the bog into four sections. A large shore canal is being built to carry the water to these areas. Flumes will soon be installed so that the water on each section can be handled in- dependently of each other. We will soon be in a position to conduct some controlled experiments on water management which has been needed for many years. For example, studies on the pro- per handling of the flood waters during the winter months can be made. "Early water" versus "late water" can be compared under con- trol experiments. We need further data on flash flooding during per- iods of severe droughts. The pos- sibility of "water raking" can be investigated. These and many more studies can now be made under carefully controlled conditions. This has long been the hope of Dr. Cross and his staff" as well as many growers. We would like to ac- knowledge at this time the excel- lent work of Darrell Shepherd of the Soil Conservation Service who has been responsible for much of the engineering and planning of this particular construction pro- ject. Mr. Shepherd has been ably assisted by Oscar Johnson, Arnold Lane, and Lloyd French. Mr. French is with the Soil Conserva- tion Service in Plymouth County. Frost Season The frost season is here again and arrangements have been com- ' pleted to send out frost warnings over the telephone and radio. The Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation is again sponsoring the telephone relay system. It is a splendid sei-vice and one that should receive greater grower sup- port. There was a definite increase in the number of subscribers last year and we hope that a trend in this respect has been established. The following radio schedule sup- plements the telephone frost warn- ing service: The Preliminary Keeping Quality Forecast was prepared April 1 and has been mailed tothe growers through the County Agents off'ices. It reads as follows: "Weather data through March indicates fair to poor keeping quality for early- water cranberries in 1955. Growers who have bogs that tend to produce weak or tender fruit should con- sider late holding of the flood or spraying with fungicides during bloom. "The need for high quality fruit is obvious." It is essentially the same as a year ago and certain- ly the results justified that fore- cast. The Final Keeping Quality Forecast will be released early in June. They are intended only as guides and to that extent they have been most helpful to the glowers who have used them. It has been called to our atten- tion that the recommendations in the new chart outlining the use of dieldrin, aldrin, and heptachlor for the control of grubs are not as clear as they might be. We would like to suggest the following re-wording of these recommenda- tions: Add 2-% qts. of dieldrin emulsiflable concentrate containing Static Pla Afternoon Evening WEEI Boston WBZ Boston WOCB W. Yarmouth WBSM New Bedford A.M. P.M. 590 K 103.3 mg. 2:00 9:30 10.30 K 92.9 mg. 2:30 9:00 Sun 9 :30 Sat. 1240 K 94.3 mg. 3:00 9:30 1230 K 97.3 mg. 3:30 9:00 1-% lbs. per gallon to 100 gallons of water and apply 800-1000 gal- lons per acre, or add 2 qts. of aldrin or heptachlor containing 2 lbs. per gallon to 100 gallons of water and apply 800-1000 gallons per acre. Professor "Bill" Tomlin- son has found that it requires ap- proximately 10 lbs. of actual ma- terial per acre toget the desired i-esults and these formulations are based on his studies. Dr. F. B. Chandler is doing some very interesting work on drainage. He has been experimenting with perforated plastic pipe which car be drawn through the bog soil by means of special equipment. The cost is very reasonable and it would seem that this new technique should relieve the drainage prob- Im on many bogs. Growers inter- ested would do well to discuss this work with Dr. Chandler. Irving Demoranville and "Joe" Kelley have been making some very careful analysis of berries stored under various conditions. While this study is preliminary in nature the results so far have been very enlightening. More work in this field has been planned by Dr. Cross and the results should add considerably to our knowledge. Frank Crandon, President of the Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' As- sociation, announces that the Spring Meeting of the Association will be held April 21 at the Ware- ham Town Hall beginning at 1:.30 p. m. The program will be some- what diff'erent from recent years. It is designed to be of interest to the women folk as well as the men and will feature a special evening of entertainment for all members of the family. -Fri. Vernon Goldsworthy Cranberry Specialist and Grower B. S. M. S. University of Wisconsin EAGLE RIVER, WISCONSIN 1. Growers supplies of all kinds 2. Vines for sale: Searls, Jumbo, Howes McFarlin. All higbest quality — state inspected. 3. Hail insurance 4. Management and consultation by year or individual assignment. 5. Interested purchasing cranberry properties in Wisconsin. 6. Custom marsh work of any na- ture. Three ENJOY ADDED WITH A SPEE-DEE CRANBERRY RLLING MACHINE PROFITS THE SPEE-DEE FILLER IS SMOOTH & QUIET, LOW IN PRICE and UP-KEEP, TOO. Fills 28 to 48 to more pacakages per minute. For information write SPEE-DEE FILLER PAUL L. KARSTROM C0„ 1816 W. 74th St. Chicago 36, 111. Also distributors of CMC Automatic Cartoner The 1955 WESTERN PICKER is the best cranberry picker we have ever built. Our newest teeth (or tines) eliminates all bruising and are so strong as to make breakage a rare occasion. Our new handle-controlled depth gage regulates the heighth of the teeth above the ground at a moments notice, so that it makes no difference if your vines are low along the shore or rank in the center. Our new striper device, mounted on the redesigned conveyor, practically eliminates plugging, due to humps or whorls left in your bog by handscooping. There are fifteen other changes over last year's fine model, involving better drive, better clutching, larger shafts and bearings, improved balance and longer life. Western Pickers, Inc. 1172 Hemlock Ave. Coos Bay, Oregon April Brothers N. J. Eatmor Canners Expand Bridgeton, N. J. — Morris April Brothers, canner of Eatmor Cran- berry Sauce, has announced the opening of a new warehouse at the company's plant in Tuckahoc, N. J. The new building with 126,001) cubic feet of storage space, can accommodate 120,000 cases of cran- berry sauce. The expansion is the result of increased production schedules set up to keep pace with growing sales for the new line. In the short space of one year Eatmor Crnaberry Sauce has gained a sizeable share of the national market. According to Morris April, president of the firm, prospects for the up-coining season are "very bright." The new warehouse is expected ti eliminate a storage problem -hat arose when the firm added new canning facilities last fall. In ad- dition to providing much-needed storage space the new building fea- tures modern loading docks for April's fleet of trucks. The old loading area, April indicates, will be used for another canning line. Farm Costs Decline Agricultural Secretary Benson tliinks farmei's' incomes in 195.5 will be close to the 1954 level. He adds farmers' costs are starting to si'.ow some decline. Dodge "JOB-RATED" Truck Trucks that fit the job And a Better Deal for the Man at the Wheel. SEE MORE e^AVE MORE SAVE MORE STAKE - PICK-UP - PANEL Va - % - 1 to 4 ton Robert W. Savary East War^ham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 63-R F«iir '^ Issue of April 1955 — Vol. 19 No. 12 Published monthly at The Courier Print Shop. Main St., Wareham. Massachusetts. Subscribtion $3 00 ner year Entered as second-class matter January 26, 1943, at the post-o ffice at Wareham, Massachusetts, under the Act of March 3 1878 FRESH FROM THE FIELDS Compiled by C J H MASSACHUSETTS April Drier, Warmer Precipitation up to April 20th was 1.08 inches, a little below normal. Average for the month is 3.85. Temperatures for the month to the same date were con- siderably above normal, about 4 degrees a day. Warmest day of the month was the 12th with a 78 degree and the coldest the 9th with a 28. These readings were taken in the shelter at the State Bog. No Frost Warnings No frost warnings had been given up to the same date. Keeping Quality If the entire month of April remains dry it will aid in keeping quality and a littl cooler weather would also help, in the opinion of Dr. Cross. March Sunshine March sunshine was good, but the sunshine in this month is not a very important factor. Next month, May, it is of considerable value if sufficient. NEW JERSEY Dr. Chester Cross visited the Double Trouble bogs at Toms River and spoke to the Ocean County Cranberry Club on the evening of April 14. Dr. Cross presented a strong case for holding the winter flood until May 20 or June 1 (in Massachusetts), if this is combined with frequent drainage of the flood during the winter when the wea- ther is not severely cold. He com- mended Dr. Bergman for his con- tribution to the cranberry industry in regard to oxygen deficiency injury. Joseph Palmer of Tuckerton has been made manager of the exten- sive Switlik bogs. Mr. Palmer also has his own bogs at Wading River. March Weather According to the records at the Cranberry and Blueberry Research Laboratory, March was just a lit- tle above normal in rainfall and temperature. The rainfall for the month was 4.66 inches compared with a normal of 3.59 inches. The average temperature was 42.8 de- grees compared with a normal of 42.1 degrees. There were only two days with the maximum temperature reach- ing 70 degrees or abov (73 degrees on the 10th and 70 dgrees on the 11th). There was a cold period when the minimum for the night fell to 14 degrees on the 7th and 15degrees on the 8th. There was another cold wave when the mini- mum fell to 19 degrees on the 20th. Fortunately each of these cold periods was preceded by 2 days of cool weather with cold nights so that buds had a chance to harden. WISCONSIN Warehouses Burned The Warehouses of William J. Harkner, Millston, Wisconsin was totally destroyed by fire on the m.orning of March 10th. This is the fourth warehouse in the south- ern area to be destroyed by fire in the last eighteen months. Each loss was covered 'by insurance. Last of March Cold A total of eleven inches of snow fell on the cranberry areas on Mar. 21 and 22. The southern marshes had been free of snow for about a week prior, but the northern marshes had eight to ten inches of snow when the storm hit. This was the heaviest fall of the season. The last of March found temper- atures averaging ten degrees be- low normal. The entire month had average temperatures, but above normal. The entire month had average temperatures, but above normal precipitation in the form of rain and snow. Reservoirs were reported filling in mid-March. Chances of Oxygen Deficiency And Winterkill With the possible chance of vine injury from oxygen deficiency, water was being pulled from under the ice and snow the latter part 01 March. Tests had shown oxygen falling dangerously low. More Growers Returned From Winter Vacations Most growers have returned from their winter vacations and are now busily planning their marsh operations for the coming year. WASHINGTON March a Wet Month Weather during the month of Mai-ch was rather wet. With the exception of about a week it rained most of the time. During this period the temperature dipped low. The maximum for the month was 59 degrees F. and the minimum was 21 degrees. The averages respec- tively were around 46F. and 36F. The percent of relative humidity varied from 100 percent down to 32 percent, with an average of ap- proximately 60 percent. Herbicide Applications At the Experiment Station at Long Beach spring fertilizer appli- cations have been made, and a Fiv* scalped area for planting has been prepared and there have been a few herbicide applications. The in- tention is to wait and apply ?6me of the new herbicides when weeds emerge. Extensive work is planned this season for control of "Winterkill." On a few plots, Phygon, Fermate and Captan showed some promise Isolations and inoculations are still being made to determine cause. Plots have been made to determine if nutrition is a factor. No recom- mendations have been made as yet. frosts April 4th and 15th. The rain supply is short for the year. Sanding by Pump L. M. Kranick sanded his bog with a sand pump, using small pon- toons to float the pipe which car- ried the sand filled with water. The sand settled well, making a good, even layer. Putting the 'Bee' In Cranberries (Reprinted with special permission from "Report from Rutgers," publication of the State University of New Jersey.) OREGON Cold Spring, Rain Short It has been a cold spring here, with consequent little advancement of the coming crop. There were A busy Rutgers scientist and millions of even busier bees make up a brains-plus-brawn combina- tion that could have meant New Jersey's big'gest cranberry crop in history this fall — and a long-term outlook for cranberry production as dazzling at the iridesence of the wings of the bees themselves. The bees did their part, but the weatherman didn't. The heaviest 'set' of blossoms in the history of the Jersey cranberry business was lost by the dry weather and the encouragement it gave to a cran- berry blight called 'scald'. Entomologist Robert S. Filmer of the State University's Agricul- tural Experiment Station is the man whose continuing research showed that the low 16-barrel-per- acre Jersey crop (Massachusetts gets 27, Wisconsin 54) was pri- marily due to sub-par pollination of the cranberry blossoms by the honey bees who do man this favor Dr. Filmer examines a blueberry bush. Six while providing- for their own in- terest. Wild honeybees, traditional helpers of Jersey growers, have been diminishing as controlled burning and other advanced for- estry practices have reduced the underbrush which typically sur- rounds most of the bogs. Put back the bees and they'll put back the berries. That was Dr. Filmer's advice. Experimental plots where domesticated "pack- aged bees" were placed at one colony per acre showed yields 50 per cent above the state average. Doubling the bee poulation (up to the vicinity of 100,000 bees per acre) hiked cranberry production another 60 pef cent. Dr. Filmer's thoroughly-satisfied friends the bees could have pushed the state average above 20 barrels per acre for the first time. And that's only the beginning. Some- day, the Rutgers scientist predicts, 100 barrels will be possible — a seven-time multiplication of this 81,750,000 Jersey crop. It's a combination that figures to make everyone happy. The honeybees consider cranberry pol- len a delicacy. Dr. Filmer, aS an entomologist, delights to see man and insect teaming up so happily together. And no one will be hap- pier than the cranberry growers, even though learning to handle colonies of packag-ed bees may find some of them eating their cranberries standing up! Minot Food Packers Expand Minot Food Packers, Inc., has announced the purchase of the ad- joining American Can Company building in Bridgeton, N. J. The building, formerly a warehouse, contains approximately 70,000 sq. feet. This will enable Minot, pri- marily Packers of Cranberry Sauce and Sweet Potatoes, to expand their operations. They will add new items to their line and engage in Custom Packing. They are also contemplating leasing portions of- the building for warehouse space. The Rutgers entomologist is shown with an open hive of bees. Seyen Development of Equipment for The Cranberry Industry By F. B. Chandler For many thousand years man has been developing tools and equipment to make his tasks easier or to complete them in less time. In prehistoric times this must have consisted of development of tools and equipment that we now take for granted, such as axes and wheels. The development of equip- ment for the cranberry industry in thf; middle of the twentieth cen- tury is complicated to preform tasks such as harvesting and sort- ing of the berries. It is difficult or impossible to write a siory about tools or equipment and correctly credit the pe^'son or persons who have done the inventing and the exact time of the invention. It is even difficult to knov when other development, have beon adapted to the cranbcriy industry. Cranberry Tool Development It v;cu!d appear that the develop- ment of tools for cranberry work has developed in the same way, from the simplest cutting tool be- cause somewhat special cutting tools were needed for the building of the bog, such as the turf axe and the long narrow shovel some- times used to cut the edge of the ditches. The next most used equip- ment has a wheel and the cran- berry industry has the wheel on many items, such as the wheel- barrow illustrated in Massachu- setts Bulletin 447. The body of the canberry wheelbarrow is slightly different from the general purpose type. In some places two wheeled caits are used, illustrated in Ore- gon Bui. 225 and Washington Bui. 230. The wheel on a track is also nsod. In the East, the truck (nar- row o-auge) is temporary and used for building bog or for sanding, find occasionally for ditch cleaning. The exception to this is the Eda- ville Railroad in Ca.'ver which is "ermanently located around the bog and is used to take the tools, equipment, boxes and the men to the bog and to haul the crop to to the screenhouse (Cranberries June and October 1946). On the Pacific Coast the track (usually standard gauge) is built into the bog and used to transport all small tools, boxes, etc., to and from the bog. West coast growers usually have the sprayer mounted on small flat cars. In the nineteenth century bogs were probably built with .- aly a few Special Attention to the Needs of Cranberry Growers *!• ^ «ic REDWOOD FLUME LUMBER in stock * * * Construction Grade Redwood Spruce Fir Hardware Paints Roofing Mill work E. W. GOODHUE LUMBER CO. Middleboro Rd. E. Freetown Tel. Rochester, Rockwell 38811 Cambridge St. Middleboro Tel. 1123 tools and simple equipment such as axes, shovels, wheelbarrows (Cranberries January 19.50) and wagons. Now in some sections where there are no stumps it is possible to build bogs with large brush breaker plows followed by heavy disc cultivators. In loca- tions where it is too stumpy to plow, the top is turned over and the stumps removed with power clam shovels illustrated in Mas.sa- chusetts 447, page 11, Cranberr'es October 1944, page 14, October 1946, page 8 and December 1946, page 17. Bulldozers are also used in the construction of bogs or the dikes that surround them. Illus- trations of bulldozers at work will be found in Cranberries February 1946, page 14, April 1946, page 6 and July 1953, page 15. Vine Selling Setting of vines on the new bog has varied greatly from the begin- ning when sods were set. Later a few vines were set with a lorNi\h the sensational new boll and cam Ai\ieten\\a\ Here it is — Ariens new iieavy duty TRANS-A-MATIC Tiller with a revolutionary new power drive principle in its ball and cam differential with automatic lock and unlock . . . new im- proved o|>erating controls . . . new, instantaneous horizontal and vertical single lever handlebar adjustment . . . new tiller drive and tine design . . . new snap-lock depth control. Two models: 8.1 h.p. Wis. engine— 20" tillage; 14.1 h.p. Wis. engine— 28" tillage. See Ariens TRANS-A-MATlC Tiller before you buy — you'll be glad you did! ARIENS COMPANY 207 CALUMET STREET BRILLION, WISCONSIN Consider those growers who, though small, have acquired some major piece of equipment or have, say, a fleet of jalopies. A good jalopy-and-plank man will even re- shape all the shores around his bog so that he can di'ive on and across anywhere. That other man who splurged on a power shovel — almost everything he does is col- ored by the fact that he has that shovel available at no cost but gas. The man with the railroad, already happily ( ? ) married to it, uses it on small stuff' which jalopies could do cheaper. I did wonders with a bog railroad in the '30's and occasionally since. But the thing has laid idle for the last five years because I have not happened to have both the help and the money to operate it at the same time. And I have a world of work waiting for it. You see, no piece of equipment eliminates all handwork. Before I can start to I'egrade bog, for instance, I have to know where the hand labor is coming from to turf up the ditch banks, and to do the thousand and one things that have to be done by hand until science gets a bit fur- ther along with the mechanical man. Of course I know just what I would like to have in the way of a new wonder machine, and if I can just lay my hands on the money to buy it and to operate it. I am ready to walk up the aisle again. This is the trouble with the new wonder machines. You cannot rent them for a "trial mar- riage" period, because they are so scarce. It has to be "for better or for worse." It is true that a dis- carded machine cannot collect ali- mony, unless you bought it on time. But it may be expensive to divorce any machine. I can clearly remember dropping over two thou- siind dollars in disposing of ii mis- guided purchase of bog equipment. Are you set in your ways that you cannot change one or two of them if necessary? Then try to get along as you always have. For almost any piece of equipment which you can add will make it advisable for you to change some, if not many, details of your oper- ations in the most unexpected ways. If you do not do so, you FoortmB are not getting full returns from the equipment. But if you are willing to let a machine boss you; if you are will- ing to humor its least whim and al- ter your whole life accordingly, by all means choose carefully and then go all the way. — Russell A. Trufant Eatmor Has New Container Lestei Haines, General Man- ager of Eatmor Cranberries, Inc., said this week that he believes the three purpose wirebound cranberry crate developed by his organization and used last season in Wisconsin is the ideal contain- er for cranberries. He predicted that the new wire- bound crate, already enthusiastic- ally received by major terminal market receivers, will play an im- portant role in the future distri- bution of cranberries. The wire- bound crate is designed to hold 25 lbs. of bulk berries, 24-1 lb. cello bags or consumer cartons. Working with packaging en- gineers, Haines helped design the wirebound crate which he feels will offer the cranberry industry MAKE SURE YOUE NEXT TRUCK HAS AN UP-TO-DATE ENGINE Go modern! Go short-stroke! Go Ford! Call 44A, 4taiul See Our Display at Spring Equipment Show of Cape Cod Cranberry Growers' Associa- tion in April at Wareham. H. A. SUDDARD Inc. Elm St., Wareham, Mass. Tel. Wareham 643 the following principal advan- tages. 1. Ease to assemble, pack and load. 2. Increased pallet capacity by permitting higher stacking. 3. More adequate ventilation and refrigeration. 4. The outside cleats provide hand-holds which enable more ef- ficient handling. It is Haines' opinion that use of the wirebound crate will great- ly reduce, if not eliminate, dam- age caused by decay. Terminal market receivers re- ported that the wirebound cran- berry crate can be double pallet- ized without the danger of the containers collapsing or berries being crushed. This greatly redu- ces handling costs and expands the capacity of storage rooms, a strong economic factor to the ATLANTIC WATER WHITE KEROSENE Pumped directly onto bog through a spray nozzle. STODDARD SOLVENT PETROLEUM SALES & SERVICE, Inc. Hedge Road - Plymouth, Mass. Phone Plymouth 1499 STONE & FORSYTH COMPANY Manufacturers of Folding Paper Boxes 105 SPRING ST. EVEREH, MASS TeL EV 7 - 1240 - 1241 - 1242 FUtMi) The above is a sign appearing on the NCA canning plant at Onset, Massachusetts on the main Cape highway. It will be seen by countless passing motorists. (CRANBERRIES Photo) > vp «#' >j"jva!> <«p tui w uii I vip^v mw vif UP' ^*»**i. HELICOPTER PEST CONTROL DUSTING AND SPRAYING WS I RAY MORSE, Agent NORWOOD, mrwam — "- ■/- MASS. Tel. Wareham. 405-W4 L.tg»,/ag.,-^ -^. ,tr^ -^ ■^- -^ Cranberry Co-op Heads Visit Oregon Growers Approximately 100 cranberry growers from Southwestern Ore- gon gathered the evenin'^' of March 15th to hear officials of National Cranberry Association headed by James E. Glover, new president. Others from Massachusetts in- cluded John Harriott, of NCA fi- nancial department Frank Cran- don, president of Cranberry Credit Corporation and Edward Ekstrom, treasurer and general manager of the Credit Co-op and Marjus Havey, production manager for the National and head of the largest warehouse which is in Chicago. It was announced that the policy of NCA is to have the organization run as a true co-op with all mem- bers treated alike. Plans for new products and a discussion of greater "streamlining of the NCA plants. A pot luck supper was served. Sixtcm receiver. Haines also said receiv- ers have reported that the adop- tion of the cranberry crate will fill all of the requirements neces- sary to deliver cranberries in the most acceptable and salable con- dition. CAPE GROWERS HOLD ANNUAL SPRING MEETING The Cape Cod Cranben-y Grow- ers' Association held its spring- meeting at Wareham Memorial Town Hall on April 21. This in- cluded the usual cranberi-y equip- ment show. There was a speaking program, entertainment, talks, a supper. A special program was given for the ladies of the cran- berry industry in the afternoon. Members of the committee in charge included Dr. P. B. Chandler of the Cranberry Experiment Sta- tion, chairman, Ferris C. Waite, NCA. Ralph Thacher, Chester Rob- bins, J. Richard Beattie, Massachu- setts Cranberry Specialist and Dr. Chestei" E. Cross, director of the Cranberry Station. irs the Mighty Mite of chain saws only 22 pounds 'Actual Dynamometer Rated Horsepower "Homelite" Model 17 Chain Saw No other saw so light ... so easy to handle . . . packs as much power. Enough power to zip through an 18 inch tree in 18 seconds. Enough power to cut trees 4 feet or more in diameter and to stand up without costly maintenance under steady pro- duction cutting. Try it . . . this mighty mite of chain saws . . . the new Homelite Model 1 7, today. FIELD - BROOK EQUIPIVIENT inc. Bedford St. East Bridgwater Phone E. B. 8-2761 APRIL SHOWERS BRING FORTH MAYFLOWERS and ELECTRICITY Brings you the best in service and convenience Plymouth County Electric Co. WAREHAM - PLYMOUTH TEL. 200 TEL. 1300 It Pays to Advertise in Cranberries CAPE COD CRANBERRIES MEMBERSHIP OPEN write or phone CAPE COD CRANBERRY COOPERATIVE, Inc. 36 Main Street, Plymouth, Mass. Tel. Plymouth— 1760 This Year As Always Eattnor Means FRESH CRANBERRIES to the American Homemaker! We're cookin' up a new program for '55 — why not join us? JUST CONTACT: Ray Bates - Bandon, Oregon Walter Fort - Pemberton, N. J. Leo Sorensen — Wisconsin Rapids, Wise. Stanley Benson — Middleboro, Mass. Les Haines — Chicago 'dtmor _ 144 W. 14fh Place, Ctiicago 8 ©,1934