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DATE DUE

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GAYLORD

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FRINTEDINU.S A.

Cornell University

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The original of this book is in
the Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in
the United States on the use of the text.

http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924001788235

NATURAL HISTORY

OF

NEW AND RARE
FERNS:

CONTAINING SPECIES AND VARIETIES,
NONE OF WITICH ARE INCLUDED IN ANY OF THE EIGHT VOLUMES OF

“FERNS, BRITISH AND EXOTIC,”
AMONGST WHICH ARE

THE NEW HYMENOPHYLLUMS AND TRICHOMANES.

BY

E. J. LOWE, ESQ., F.R.AS., F.Z.8., F.LS., F.G.S.,M.B.MS.,

Ion. Mem. Dublin Nat. Hist. Soc., Mem. Geolog Soc., Edinb., Corr. Mem. Lyceum
Nat. Hist., New York, Corr. Mem. Manchester Lit. and Phil. Soc., Ete.
Author of a “Natural History of British and Exotic Ferns,” ‘British Grasses,” Etc., Etc.

WITH COLOURED ILLUSTRATIONS AND WOOD-CUTS.

. LONDON:
GROOMBRIDGE AND SONS, 5, PATERNOSTER ROW.

M DCCC LXIV.

ve

TO

SIR JOHN FREDERICK WILLIAM HERSCIEL, BART.,
D.C.L., M.A., F.RS., FRS.E.,

Hon. M.R.1.A., F.G.S., F.R.A.S., M.C.P.S. Ord. Boruss. “Pour le Mévite” Eq.,
Instit. Imp. Se. Paris, Corresp.—Acadd. Imp. Sc. Petrop., Reg. Berol.,
Taurin, Neap. et Brux: Socce. Reg. Gotting., Hafn, et Harl: Acadd. Lyne. Rome,
Patay., Bonon., Panorm., Gioen. Catan. et Divion. ex intim., Socc. Philom. Paris,
Ital. Mut., Helvet., Socius.,

THIS VOLUME OF

“NEW AND RARE FERNS”

IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED,

AS A SMALL TOKEN OF THE ESTEEM

IN WHICH THIS TRUE PHILOSOPHER 18 HELD

BY

THE AUTHOR.

CONTENTS.

Plate. Page.
Adiantum sulphureum lsi 145
wilesianum xxix 71
Anemia adiantifolia xxxii 77
Aspidium angulare,
var. aristatum . lvi 131
var. cristatum xxvii 67
var. truncatum xlv B 110
caryotideum xliti_ 105
deltoideum . xli 101
denticulatum lix 137
dilatatum,
var. lepidotuin, . lili 125
filix-mas, var. abbreviatum-
cristatum . xxviii 69
var. acrocladon . liv 127

var. cristatum-angustatum

lv a 129
var. willisonii xlvili B 116
oreopteris,
var. nowellianum 99
remotum xxii 51
triangulum, var. laxum =—-143
Asplenium alatum . xiiB 27
contiguum iva 7
filix-foemina,
yar. acrocladon . xl 97
var. corymbiferum xv 33
var. doodioides 34
var. laciniatum ly B 130
var. plumosum . xiv 31
foliolosum xliv 107
hastatum . xia 26

heterodon . : iil

5

Plate. Page.
Asplenium lanceolatum,
var. microdon, xiB 24
laserpitiifolium xiii 29
marinum,
var.interruptum xlviiia 115
var. ramosum xic 25
nidus . Xxxvi 89
nitidum xvill 43
pinuatifidum ivB 9
premorsum,
yar. canariense xixa 45
Blechnum levigatum . lviii 135
Ceratodactylis osmundioides xxx 73
Cheilanthes borsigiana xvia 35
capensis .xxvia 61
Cystopteris fragilis,
var. furcans . xlvii a 113
Gleichenia furcata . . lx 139
Gymnogramma javanica vii 15
peruviana,
var. argyrophylla vi 13
pulchella 5 vy ll
rutefolia . xlv a 109
trifoliata xxxi_ 75
Hymenophyllum caudiculatum
Ixviii 167
chiloense . Ixix a 169
ciliatum . Ixix ¢ 171
crispatum lxix B 170
dilatatum lxx 173
flexuosum 179
fuciforme Ixxii 177
pulecberrimum . Ixxi 175

vi CONTENTS.
Plate, Page. Plate. Page.
Hymenophyllum secabrum 180 Scolopendrium vulgare,
Hypolepis amaurorachis i 3 yar. contractum = lii a 123
Lastrea filix-mas, var. crenato-lobatum 56
var. schofieldii xia 23 var. crenato-multifidum 124
Lindsea cultrata. xviB 37 yar. cristalum . xxlB 50
linearis xvic 39 var. fissile. ‘ 84
Lomaria spicant, var, jugosum =. xxiv B 55
var. contractum xxc 48 var. marginato-
var. contractum- irregulare xxxix B 96
ramosum . xxp 48 var, papillosum 57
var. heterophyllum yar, ramo-marginatum
xxa 47 xxiii 53
var. imbricatum xx B 47 var. ramosum-majus 1 119
var.ramosum xxia 49 var. reniforme xlvii B 114
var. subserratum xix B 46 yar. sagittato-cristatum
Lomariopsis longifolia xxxvii 91 lis 122
Lygodium forsteri . xxxv_ 87 var. stansfieldii xxxix a 95
Marattia kaulfussii xvii 41 var. sublineato-striatum
Mobria thurifraga, lia 121
var. achillicfolia xlii B 104 var. submarginatum
Niphobolus gardneri xxxviiiB 94 xxiva 54
Niphopsis angustatus xxxviili a 93 var. submarginatum-
Nothochlena flavens vill 17 multiidum . 84
Onychium auratum . « df var. suprasoriferum lii B 125
Polypodium flexile . xilvia 111 var. variabile 58
var. laciniatum xlvi B 112 Trichomanes anceps Ixv 153
phegopteris, angustatum . Ixvii a 157
var. multifidum 83 attenuatum lxvi 155
plebejum . xxxili 79 bojeri 4 165
squamatum xxxiv 81 elegans lxiv B 152
vulgare, exsectum . Ixiva 151
var. cristatum xxviB 63 kaulfussii lxiii B 150
var. marginatum 65 krausii ‘ - 164
var. truncatum 65 pluma . Ixia 149
Pteris aquilina, pusillum =. - 163
var. esculenta xlix 117 pyxidiferum j 161
areolata lvii 133 rigidum, var pulchellum
argyrea és ; x 21 Ixii B 148
aspericaulis, scandens . lxiia 147
var. tricolor. ix 19 spicatum . . Isviic 159
cretica, trichoideum . Ixvii B 158
var albo-lineata xxv 59 Ziphopteris serrulata
prolifera. 141 (grammatis) . xliii a 103

PREFACE.

Atrnoucn the “Natural History of British and Exotic
Ferns” contains coloured illustrations of between five and six
hundred species of Ferns cultivated in this country, still so
many new ones have been introduced during its progress, that
it has been deemed necessary to publish a separate volume,
under the title of “New and Rare Ferns,” to be had either
as an independent work, or as an addenda to the eight
volumes already published. This work has now also been
completed, and will be found to contain coloured plates or
wood-cut illustrations of one hundred and fifty-one new species,
or new varieties of species that have been already figured in
the preceding volumes.

No class of Ferns have received additions to so largely
during the last few years as the Hymenophyllums and Tricho-
manes, and these will be found figured and described in “New
and Rare Ferns.” ‘There is an especial beauty in these plants,
their thin, delicate fronds attracting universal attention. Until
lately it has only been the few who have been enabled to grow
‘them, because they require a special treatment; they delight in
a very humid atmosphere, and many of them in the temperature
of a stove. The newly-contrived Ward-case will suit their
requirements admirably: it is a miniature hothouse that can
be kept in a drawing-room; in fact it is a Ward-case that
has a cistern below for hot water, all the care necessary being
to re-fill it with a kettle of hot water night and morning.
When generally known these cases will be found in all good
houses. The Aquarium and the Ward-case are not only

vil PREFACE.

beautiful to look into, but they are intellectual ornaments.
Of late years the drawing-room amusements, consequent upon
discovery, have taken a higher tone. Hundreds of miles away
from the ocean we can exhibit the various species of sea
anemone, crabs, star-fish, and other denizens of the salt water.
Thousands of miles away from the native rocks and woods of
New Zealand, or of the East and West Indies, as instances,
we can grow the Hymenophyllums and Trichomanes. As
advancement takes place in science, we feel an advantage in
bringing its interesting features as much as possible before our
eyes: it is thus that Ferns have become so deservedly popular.
Many varieties of exceeding beauty have been added to the
Ferns of the British Isles, but their number is so great that
it would have swollen the “New and Rare Ferns” beyond
the ordinary limits of such a work to have described them
all; they have, therefore, been reserved for the pages of “Our
Native Ferns.”

The object had in view in venturing to publish the “British
and Exotic Ferns,” was to give a pictorial illustration of each
species that was to be found in our gardens and in our hot-
houses, so that the cultivator might ascertain without much
trouble to himself, whether the name he used was right or
wrong. In order to render this task both easy and useful,
the index of reference of synonymes has been made as full as
possible, the eight volumes and the addenda containing five
thousand six hundred and sixty-eight references. The work
has been both difficult and tedious, and whatever imperfections
may have crept into its pages, still the author has had the
satisfaction of finding it has done some good, inasmuch as the
plants in our private gardens are now more correctly named
than was the case before there were coloured plates within the
reach of gardeners to which to refer them.

Observatory, Beeston, May 27th., 1862.

NEW AND RARE FERNS,

Pinna of mature Frond—upper side.

ONYCHIUM AURATUM.

Kautruss. Hooker. Moore.

PLATE I.
Lomaria aurea, WALLICcH.
ed carutfolia, Watlicn.
se decomposita, Don.’
Allosorus auratus, PREst.
Pteris chrysocarpa, Hooxgr anp GREVILLE.
“ siliculosa, Desvavx.

Onychium—From onyx—a claw, in reference to the shape of the lobes.
Auratum—Golden, in reference to the colour of the involucres.

AN evergreen stove species, and very handsome.
Native of the East Indies, Malay Islands, Manilla, Luzon,
Java, Bootan, Nepal, and Khasya.
Bb

Pinna of fertile Frond—under side.

HYPOLEPIS AMAURORACHIS.

Hooker. Kunze.

PLATE Il.
Cheilanthes amaurorachis, Kunze.
Hypolepis—From hypo—under, and lepis—a scale. Amaurovachis—

Dark rachis.

A GREENHOUSE species.

Native of New Holland.

The fronds, which are membranaceous and very hairy, are
ovate-acuminate, bi or tri-pinnato-pinnatifid, being less divided
near the apex. The pinne petiolate, the basal ones opposite.
The pinnules, primary ones decurrent and oblong-obtuse, the
secondary ones sinuato-incised.

Rachis and stipes purplish, rough, and very hirsute.

Rhizoma creeping.

Sori marginal, small, and sub-globose in form, situated in the
sinus of the lobes.

Veinlets forked and free.

A plant easily managed, and speedily making a pretty speci-
men with ordinary care, as the fast-creeping rhizoma soon spreads
itself in all directions.

For a plant my thanks are due to Messrs. Booth, of Ham-
burg; and for fronds to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, Ixent.

I1t

6 ASPLENIUM HETERODON.

The <Asplentum heterodon of Moritz, is the A. nigrescens,
and that of Continental Gardens is the A. vuleanicum.
I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, for the frond

from which the present plate has been figured.

Pinna of mature Frond—upper side.

ASPLENIUM CONTIGUUM.

Kaunruss. Hooker anp Arnott. BRACKENRIDGE.
MerttTenius. Moore. SpreNGEL. Prest. GAUDICHAUD.

PLATE IV.—A.

Asplenium filiforme, Kavuruss. Hooxrr anp ARNOTT.
ss ee Merrenius. Brackenripee.
« lepturus, J. Smiru.
Larachia contigua, PREst.
Asplenium—Spleenwort. Contiguum—Contiguous.

In THE Section EvAsPpLENIUM oF AUTHORS.

A STOVE species.

Native of Oahu, Sandwich Islands, Luzon, Neilgherries, and
Ceylon.

The fronds, which are pinnate, have linear-lanceolate attenuate
pinne, the pinne being inciso-serrate; base more or less cuneate.
Pinne distant below, becoming approximate above; opposite or
sub-opposite below, alternate above, and of equal size except
near the apex. Petiolate.

Sori contiguous, and parallel with the costa.

Stipes and rachis slightly scaly.

s ASPLENIUM CONTIGUUM.

Fronds about twelve inches in length, the stipes occupying
the lower half.

Pinne from one inch and a half to three inches in length.

There are several forms of this plant.

Variety Filiforme (which is the Asplenium filiforme of Kaul-
fuss) has the serratures of the pinne more profoundly incised,
and the apex of the frond is drawn out to a lengthy filiform
point.

Variety Lepturus has larger pinne, being five to six inches
in length.

My thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, for the
present illustration.

Portion ot fertile Frond—under side.

ASPLENIUM PINNATIFIDUM.

Nuttin. Hooker. <A. Gray. Merrenius. Sprenaen.
Presi. Fee. Kunze.

PLATE TV.—k.
Asplenium rhizophyllum, vay. pinnatifidum, Barton.

Asplenium—Spleenwort. Pinnatifidum—Pimnatifid.
In THE SECTION EvUASPLENIUM OF AUTHORS.

A GREENHOUSE species.

Native of the United States of America, Philadelphia, Alle-
ghanies, Southern Tennessee, North Carolina, and Missouri.

Sir W. J. Hooker remarks that this plant, although very dis-
tinct from Camptosorus rhizophyllus, (the Asplenium rhizophyl-
lum of Linneus, see Plate x1v.—a, vol. v. and page 43 of same
volume of Ferns, British and Exotic,) nevertheless it has much
of its habit; the points of the fronds are not however as in that

plant rooting or viviparous.

10 ANPLENIUM PINNATIFIDCM,

Fronds almost membranaceous, flaccid, base subhastate, lancc-
olate, profoundly pinnatifid, almost pinnate below, and sinuato-
lobate above.

Veins repeatedly dichotomous.

Sori brief, linear-oblong, and but few on each lobe, and
even solitary in the smaller ones.

Caudex short and creeping.

Length of frond from four to five inches, with a stipes, which
is cespitose and ebeneous at the base.

The illustration is from a frond forwarded by Mr. R. Sim, of

Foot’s Cray.

PULCH HL LA.

MMA

GYMNOGRA

Barren pinna.

GYMNOGRAMMA PULCHELLA.

Linpen. Moore. J. Smirn.
PLATE V.

Gymnogramma—Naked writing, in allusion to the naked sori.
Pulchella—Fair.

A vERY handsome species.

A stove evergreen Fern.

Native of Venezuela.

The form of the frond is triangular, tripinnate, and a marked
character in it is that it is frequently divided at the point,
and thus bearing twin fronds on the same stem. The fronds
are erect, spreading, from four to eight inches wide, broad as
long, finely divided, deep green, and slightly powdered above,
and beneath very densely covered with a silvery-white farina.

The fronds. rise from tufted crowns, that is, rhizoma upright
and fasciculate.

Veins forked.

Sori immersed in the white farinose powder.

For plants my thanks are due to Mr. Joseph Henderson, of
Wentworth, and to Mr. E. Cooling, Nurseryman, Derby.

It may be procured of any respectable Nurseryman.

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection.
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Fertile pinna—upper side.

GYMNOGRAMMA PERUVIANA, Var. ARc@YROPHYLLA.
Moors.
PLATE VI.

Gymnogramma—Naked writing, in allusion to the naked sori.
Peruviana—Peruvian. Argyrophylila—Silver-leaved.

Aw exceedingly handsome silver-frosted Fern, and perhaps
the handsomest of the white-powdered species.

An evergreen stove Fern.

Native of Peru and Central America.

The form of the frond is ovate, bipinnate, densely white-
powdered beneath, and copiously, although less so above; stalks
also covered with silvery white powder.

Veins frequently forked.

Rhizoma erect and fasciculate.

Length of frond eighteen inches.

This species was introduced amongst orchids by Mr. Pass,
gardener to Mr. Brocklehurst, of The Fence, near Macclesfield,
several years ago.

For plants my thanks are due to Mr. Pass, gardener to
Mr. Brocklehurst, of The Fence, near Macclesfield, and to Mr.
E. Cooling, of the Mile-ash Nursery, Derby.

It may be procured of any of the principal Nurserymen.

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection.

Vil

Portion of fertile pinna—under side.

GYMNOGRAMMA JAVANICA.,

BLuMe. Moore.

PLATE VII.
Coniogramma Javanica, Fer. J. Smiru.
Gymnogramma variegata, Or ContinentaL GARDENs.

Gymnogramma—Naked writing, in allusion to the naked sori.
Javanica—Javanese.

A MAGNIFICENT Fern, worthy of being in every collection.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of Java.

The fronds, which are bipinnate and of good size, are tri-
angular in form, and spreading; pinne distant, lower pinnules
petiolate, upper ones sessile. Pinne entire, two inches wide
and eight inches long, smooth, colour light green, with yellowish
streaks above, pale beneath. Stem scaly at base, green above,
and brownish on under side.

Length of frond from five to six feet.

Veins forked and free, their apices club-shaped, and shewing
on the upper surface a row of pale yellowish-grecn dots near

the margin.

16 GYMNOGRAMMA JAVANICA.

Rhizoma somewhat horizontal.

Sori covering all the veins except near their apices.

For a plant of this exquisite Fern my thanks are due to
M. Schott, Director of the Imperial Gardens of Schonbrinn,
Vienna; and for fronds to Mr. Joseph Henderson, of Wentworth.

It may be procured of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsca; Sim, of
Foot’s Cray; and Rollisson, of Tooting.

The illustration is from Mr. Henderson’s fronds.

Fertile pinna—upper side.

NOTHOCHLANA FLAVENS.

MOooRE.

PLATE VIII.

Cincinalis flavens, Desvaux. J. Smirn.
Acrostichum flavens, Swartz.
Gymnogramme flavens, Kavtrouss.

Nothochlena—From the Greek, nothos—spurious, and chlaina—a cloak,
in allusion to the sori. Flavens—Yellow.

A very fine gold Fern, the under side of the frond being
covered with a rich yellow farinose powder.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of Central America.

The fronds are bipinnate, the lower pinne bearing bluntly-
oblong pinnules, the superior ones becoming sessile and the
terminal one lobed; above a rigid green, below brilliant
yellow, from copious farine. Branches sub-opposite, ascending.

Sori linear, continuous, and becoming after a time confluent,
and thus forming a broad dark marginal belt of rounded sori,

18 NOTHOCHLENA FLAVENS.

which give a fine appearance in contrast on the bright yellow
frond.

Stipes ebencous, with a plum-bloom upon it, and being re-
motely scaly.

For plants my thanks are due to Sir W. J. Hooker, Director
of the Royal Gardens, Kew, and to Mr. E. Cooling, Mile-ash
Nursery, Derby.

It may be procured of Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea; Sim, of
Foot’s Cray; Rollisson, of Tooting; A. Henderson, of Pine-
apple Place; and Cooling, of Derby.

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection.

Plant reduced, shewing the habit of this Fern.

PTERIS ASPERICAULIS, Var. Tricotor.

Moore.

PLATE IX.

Pteris—Brake. Tricolor—Three-coloured.

One of the most charming Ferns yet introduced, being
graceful in habit, elegant in form, moderate in size, and splen-
didly variegated with green, white, and red, well contrasted.

Native of Malacca.
Introduced by M. Linden.

20 PTERIS ASPERICAULIS, VAR. TRICOLOR.

Fronds pinnate, the basal pinne posterially branched and
the pinne pinnatifid. ‘The upper portion of the segments is of
a vivid dark grecn, the basal portion being silvery grey, whilst
the rachis or rib is of a bright purplish colour, thus each pinna
has a wide silvery stripe down its centre, in the centre of which
is a well-marked red line. The young fronds are entirely red,
and the veins and hairy scales are also red.

In the form and habit of this plant, it resembles Pterzs as-
pericaulis so closely as to convince botanists that it is a variegated
form of that Fern. Pinne opposite, usually four pairs and an
ultimate larger one; pinnules opposite and approximate, with a
very large ultimate one, which is attenuated, the others being
rounded at the apex.

Length of frond two feet.

From the young fronds being purplish red or bright rose,
afterwards changing to a red brown, and then to green, there is
a diversity of colours in the fronds at the same time on each
plant, which adds considerably to its beauty.

Veins very prominent and forked.

Sir W. J. Hooker considers the P. tricolor a variegated variety
of P. guadriaurita, and Mr. Thomas Moore, a variety of P.
aspericaulis.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. Edwin Cocling, of the
Mile-ash Nursery, Derby.

It may be procurcd from Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea; Rollisson,
of Tooting; or Cooling, of Derby; at the price of two guineas.

The illustration is from My. Cooling’s fronds.

Wea
er NY

Fertile pinnule—under side.

PTERIS ARGYREA.

T. Moore.
PLATE X,
Pteris—Brake. Argyrea—Silvery.

Tue present Fern is the first variegated one that has been
introduced to cultivators, and is extremely handsome.

Native of Central India.

Introduced by Messrs. Veitch and Son.

Fronds pinnate with pinnatifid pinne, the basal ones producing
either one or two posterior branches, generally pinnate; the seg-
ments above an inch in length, and bluntly linear-falcate in
form. A broad central silvery stripe down the centre of each
pinna makes it a beautiful Fern.

Length of frond five feet, width two feet and a half.

Caudex short and erect. Stipes long and stout, usually two
feet and a half long; base scaly.

The pinne and branches end in a lengthy narrow tail-like
point.

A very handsome variegated Fern.

Mr. Moore regards this Fern as nearly allied to P. quadriaurita,
P. nemoralis, P. felosma, and P. longispinula.

My thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray; and to
Mr. E. Cooling, of Derby; for fronds.

The illustration is from Mr. E. Cooling’s fronds.

HOPI SLDII. ASPLENIUM MICRODON A. RAMOSUI

Apex of barren Frond—upper side.

LASTREA FILIX-MAS, Var. ScHOFIELDI.
PLATE XI.—A.

Lastrea—oo...cicees. ? = Filiz-mas—Male Fern. Schofieldii—
Schofield’s.

‘Tis curious dwarf Fern has been considered a variety of
Lastrea dilatata, and also of ZL. spinulosa. It is permanent and
pretty, frequently ramose or multifid.

Found near Buxton, in Derbyshire.

Length of frond only two to four inches.

For a description of L. filiz-mas see p. 41, vol. vi, of the
Natural History of British and Exotic Ferns.”

The fronds have been forwarded to me by Mr. R. Sim, of

Foot’s Cray.

Fertile pinnule—under side.

ASPLENIUM LANCEOLATUM, Var. Micropon.

Moore.

PLATE XI.—B.
Asplenium marinum, var. microdon, Moorr. Hooker.

Asplenium—S8pleenwort. Lanceolatum—Lanceolate.
Microdon—Small-toothed.

Ar page 79, vol. v, of the “Natural History of British and
Exotic Ferns,” Asplentwm lanceolatum has been described, to
which reference is made. The present variety is a most remark-
able one, and was found in Guernsey in 1855 by Miss Wilkinson,
and an account of it published by Mr. Thomas Moore, of the
Chelsea Botanic Gardens.

When first discovered it was thought to be a variety of A.
marinum, owing to its being so little divided: larger fronds
have shewn it to be an undivided variety of A. lanceolatum. It
is well worthy of cultivation, being both handsome and distinct.

The fronds are pinnate, and more linear in form than linear-
lanceolate, and tapering toa point. The pinne distinct below,
with a brief stalk, broadly-triangular in form, becoming adnate
above. Length of frond from nine to twelve inches.

Sori near the margin, oblong and small.

For fronds I am indebted to Mr. Thomas Moore, of Chelsea;
and to Mr. Sim, of Foot’s Cray.

Apex of fertile Frond—under side.

ASPLENIUM MARINUM, Var. Ramosum.

Moore.
PLATE XI.—C.
Asplenium—Spleenwort. Marinum—Sea-side. Ramosum—Branched.

Ax page 69, vol. v, of the “Natural History of British and
Exotic Ferns,” will be found a description of A. mar‘nwn. The
variety now to be described bears twin fronds on the same stem,
or branched, and is a very distinct and pretty Fern.

‘The fronds are pinnate, the pinne sub-undulate, crenate-lobate,
with blunt teeth on the lobes.

It was discovered in Dorsetshire, by Mr. Wollaston.

Length of frond from four to nine inches.

For fronds my thanks are duc to Mr. Sim, of Foot’s Cray.

Barren pinna—upper side.

ASPLENIUM HASTATUM.

Krotzscnh. Kunze. Mettentus. Hooker.
PLATE NXIJ.—A.

Asplenium fragrans, Hooker. (Not of Swartz.)
ee odoratnm, Moore.
ee hastatum, var. plerocaulon, Hooker.

Asplenium—Spleenwort. Hastatum—S8 pear-shaped.
In tHe Secrion EvaspLeNium or AUTHORS.

A pretty Fern, but little known amongst cultivators, and
closely allied to the Asplenium falz, of Desvaux.

An evergreen stove specics.

Native of Carracas, Venezuela, and Andes of Quito.

Fronds pinnate, oblong-ovate in form, the apex being caudate
and pinnatifid, petiolate, pinne from two to three inches in
length, coarscly sinnato-serrate with apex entire, caudex short,
ferrnginous and paleaceous above. Fronds scarcely coriaceous.

Veins forked, and immersed in the frond.

Sori linear, conspicuous, and almost parallel with the costa.

The illustration is from fronds kindly sent to me by Mr. R.
Sim, of Foot’s Crav, Kent

ASPLENIUM HASTATUM., A. ALA'TUM.

XI

Portion of fertile Frond—under side.

ASPLENIUM ALATUM.

HOOKER AND GREVILLE. WILLDENOW. MetTTEN!US.
HUMBOLDT AND BonrLanD. Moore. J. Smiru.
PorreT. SpPRENGEL. Desvaux. Kunze. Kurorzscn.
Free. (Not of Steper, or BeRtHeot.)

PLATE XIi——#F,
Asplenium pterophorum, Prest.

Asplenium—Spleenwort. Alatum—W inged.

A sinctuLar Fern, having broad herbaceous wings on either
side of the stipes, and between the pinne on the rachis, with
a break where each pinna is attached. By no means a common
plant in cultivation.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of Tropical America, New Grenada, Venczuela, Peru,
Jamaica, Brazil, Sierra Leone, and St. Vincent.

The fronds, which are membranaceous and herbaceous, are
pinnate; pinne distant and numerous, and equal in size except near
the apex of the frond, and from one to two inches in length,
almost sessile, base bricfly wedge-shaped, the superior base
auriculate. The form of the frond is broadly-lanceolate, acu-

minate, and frequently proliferous at the apex. Stipes and
E

28 ASPLENIUM ALATUM.

rachis brown beneath, green above, and winged with a broad
green margin.

Length of frond from twelve to cighteen inches; colour bright
green.

Veins forked.

Sori linear, oblique, and situated nearer the costa than the
margin. Indusium narrow and membranaccous.

My thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, for fronds
of this species, from which the present illustration is taken.

Pinna of mature Frond—upper side.

ASPLENIUM LASERPITIIFOLIUM.

Lamarck. Swartz. Witipenow. Biume. Hooker.
BRACKENRIDGE. MetTTentus. Moore.

PLATE XIII.

Asplenium robustum, Brier.
tripinnatum, Roxsureu.
oe ripartum, Brackenripex, (vot Lirpmann.)
patens, Kavutruss. Hooxrer anp Arnorr.
a ee Mertenivus. Moors.
Asplenium—Spleenwort. Laserpitiifolium—Benzoin-leaved.

In tue Section EvasrLentum or AvTHors.

A very handsome Fern, and closely allied to the Asplenium

cuneatum of Lamarck.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of the East Indies, Mexico, China, Java, Luzon,
Malay Islands, etc.

Fronds ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, membranaceous, tripinnate ;
the primary pinne petiolate; ultimate pinnules and segments
cuneate and small. Caudex stout, the base scaly.

30 ASPLENIUM LASERPITITIFOLIUM.

Length of frond from four to thirty-six inches. Colour vivid
green.

Veins flabelliform.

Sori linear, brief, and from two to four on each segment or
pinnule.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray.

X1V

Portion of pinna—under side.

ASPLENIUM FILIX-FQSMINA, Var. PLumosum.

Moore.
PLATE XIY.

Asplenium—Spleenwort. Filixfeemina—Female Fern,
Plumosum—A feather.

In tue Secrion ArHyrium or AUTHORS.

Asplenium filiz-femina has been fully described in my
“Natural History of British and Exotic Ferns,” page 85, vol.
v, and the handsome multifid varicty known as Asplenium
filiz-fomina, var. multifidum, figured at plate xxx of the same
volume; and at page 89 there is a woodcut illustration of
another variety, depauperatum. The present variety, which is
exceedingly beautiful, was found about Skipworth, in Yorkshire,
and is in the possession of Mr. Stansfield, Nurseryman, of
‘Todmorden.

The pinnules are more slender, and the whole frond, as
its name implies, resembles a vivid green feather.

The length of frond is from two to three feet.

For the illustration I am indebted to Mr. Stansfield, of
Todmorden.

ASPLENIUN CORY MBITERRUM.

Fertile pinna—under side.

ASPLENIUM FILIX-FQ:MINA, Var. Corymprrerum.
PLATE XV.

Asplenium—Spleenwort. Filiz-femina—Female Fern.
Corymbiferum—From corymbus—a corymb, and fero—to bear.

Ix tur Secrion Aruyrium or Avutuors.
‘Ttrrs most charming multifid variety of the “Lady Fern”
was found in Guernsey, one of the Channel Islands, several
years ago, by Mr. J. James, of Vauvert, and is a valuable
addition to our hardy Ferns. The fronds are moderately large,
and in habit this Fern closely resembles the normal form of the
above species. Being very readily propagated by spores, this
lovely variety has rapidly found its way into all good collections.

The apex of each frond is widened out and developed into
a large corymbosely fan-shaped tasseled tuft, frequently densely
tufted, whilst the apex of each pinna or side division is simi-
larly (although in a less degree) symmetrically tasseled, the
whole outline of the frond being fringed. ‘The pinnules are
latger, and the tassels broader than in any other variety. It
is flat-pinnuled, and has a red tinge.

Length of frond from twelve to twenty inches.

My thanks are due to Mr. J. James, of Vauvert, for fertile
fronds of this elegant Fern, from the spores of which many
plants have been raised.

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection.

Apex of Frond—under side.

ASPLENIUM FILIX-FQ@:MINA, Var. Doopiores.

Tuts variety was found in Sussex, and is exceedingly beau-
tiful and distinct, and to all appearance quite constant. It is
named doodivides, from the pinnae resembling in some degree
the frond of a Doodia. The pinnules are short and irregular,
making the pinne very narrow, whilst the segments are much
toothed at their apices.

Length of frond eighteen inches.

It is in the possession of Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden, from
whom the frond for illustration has been received.

CHBILANTHES BORSIGIANA. Bea CULT RATA.

Lowest pinna—upper side.

CHEILANTHES BORSIGIANA.

REICHENBACH.
PLATE XVI.—A.

Cheilanthes—From cheilos—a lip, and anthos—a flower, in reference
to the form of the indusium. Borsigiana—..........4. P

One of the most beautiful Ferns of recent introduction,
dwarf-growing, and to all appearance somewhat delicate. Quite
new, and very rare.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of Peru.

The frond is twice pinnate, or pinnato-pinnatifid; the lower
pinne bipartite, and the lower segments largest, decreasing in
length towards the apex; the under surface is densely covered
with a rich yellow farinose powder, whilst the upper surface
is sparingly farinose with yellow, especially along the veins.

Rachis triangular; stipes ebeneous and slightly scaly.

Length of frond three inches.

For fronds I am indebted to Mr. J. Henderson, of Wentworth,
and Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray.

This species may be procured of Messrs. Sim, of Foot’s
Cray, and Veitch, Jun., of Chelsea.

The illustration is from a frond sent by Mr. J. Henderson,

of Wentworth.
EF

QU

Portion of fertite Frond—under side.

LINDS#A CULTRATA.

Swartz. WILLDENOwW. ScuKunr. HOOKER AND GREVILLE.
PLATE XVI.—B.
Adiantum cultratum, WILLDENOW.

Lindsea—Named after Mr. Lindsay, an English cryptogamic botanist.
Cultrata—Shaped like a plough coulter.

A BEAUTIFUL Adiantum-looking Fern.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of the East Indies, Jaya, Ceylon, Luzon, and Phil-
ippine Islands.

The fronds are pinnate, and of a lengthened lanceolate form.

The pinne ovate, upper base truncate, the apex briefly lobed.
Submembranaceous and _ horizontal.

‘Sori oblong, and situated on the superior margin of the
pinne. Indusium opening outwardly.

Stipes almost black; rachis pale brown.

Caudex creeping. Length of frond from six to nine inches,
Colour pale green.

Sir W. J. Hooker describes several varieties:—

Minor.—Smaller, with more obtuse pinne.

Pallens.—More flaccid, upper margin more lobed, sori smaller
and more numerous.

38 LINDSHA CULTRATA.

Attenuata.—Pinne longer, and nearly acuminated; tall and
rigid.

Lucens.—Pinne very obtuse, tall; sori extending to the
apex; opaque and glossy.

Assamica.—Somewhat resembling ducens, but not glossy.

For a frond my thanks are due to Mr. Joseph Henderson,
of Wentworth.

Apex of Frond—upper side,

LINDSZA LINEARIS.

Swartz. Brown. Kunze. Hooker. Moore.

PLATE NV1s—€x

Lindsea lunata, WILLDENOW.
as imbricata, Desvaux.
Adiantum lineare, Poiret.

Lindse@a—Named after Mr. Lindsay, an English cryptogamic botanist.
Linearis—Linear.

A PRETTY, very distinct, small, and rare species.

An evergreen greenhouse Fern.

Native of New Holland, Tasmania, New Zealand, and West
Australia.

The fronds, which are pinnated, are linear-acuminate and
membranaceous. Pinne small, rigid, sessile, and flabellate;
sub-opposite near the base.

Stipes long and shining; rachis and stipes purple.

Sori situated on the anterior margin, and uninterrupted.

Caudex creeping.

Length of frond from two to twelve inches.

For the frond illustrated my thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim,

of Foot’s Cray.

=

K

XVil

Portion of fertile Frond—under side.

MARATTIA KAULFUSSII.

KUNZE.

PLATE XVII,

Marattia levis, Kavrruss. Martens anp GALLEorrt.
e ss Link. (Not of Suirn.)
fe weinmanniefolia, LikzBMANN.

Eupodium kaulfussii, J. Smith. Hooker.

Marattia—Named in honour of J. F. Maratti, a Tuscan botanist.
Kaulfussti—Named after the celebrated cryptogamist, Kaulfuss,

In THe Section Evpopium or AUTHORS.

A very distinct noble Fern, the fertile fronds being ex-
ceedingly beautiful.

A stove spccies,—evergreen.

Native of Brazil.

The fronds are bi-tripinnate; pinne opposite, the secondary
alternate. WVenation fasciculate, subarboreous, and erect, the
fronds proceeding from between two stipuleform fleshy appen-
dages. Base of the stipes clavate.

Veins forked and free.

42 MARATTIA KAULFUSSIT.

The present species differs from the other members of this
family in the spore-cases being pedicellate.

Length of frond from three to six feet.

For the frond illustrated my obligations are due to Mr. J.
Smith, Curator of the Royal Gardens, Kew.

ASPLENIUM NITIDUM
XVIII

Portion of mature Frond -under side.

ASPLENIUM NITIDUM.

Swartz. Hooker. Scakunr. WILLDENOW.
BLUME, in part. METTENIUS, in part. PorreT. Moore.
SpRENGEL. Desvaux. Kunze. (Not of Biume, which is
Asplenium cuneatum of Lamarck and Hooker; nor of
Mertrenius, which is Asplenium spathulinum of J. Smit
and Hooxer; nor of WaLticu, which is Asplenium affine
of Swartz and Asplenium laserpitivfolium of LAMARCK; nor

of Wiaut, which is Callipteris ambigua.)

PLATE XVIII.

Asplenium insiyne, Buume. (Not of Lizsmann, which is
Asplenium serra of Lanasporrr & FiscuEr )
ts pulchellum, Watuicne. (Not of Rapnr, which is
Asplenium pulchellum of Hooxer.)

Tarachia nitida, Pres.
insignis, Prest.

Asplenium cuncatum, Or some EncGuisH CoLbecrions.
Asplenium—Spleenwort. Nitidum—Bright.

G

44 ASPLENIUM NITIDUM.

A PRETTY Fern.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of India, Java, Ceylon, Moluccas, and Mascaren
Islands.

The fronds, which are deltoid, are bipinnate, with pinnz
alternate above, sub-opposite below; pinnules petiolate, the
base rounded below, and rhomboid-ovate-angled above. Apex
serrato-dentate. Lowest pinnules pinnatifid. Fronds glabrous,
paler on the under side.

Sori contiguous, near the costa, and nearly straight.

Stem ebeneous,

A very variable species.

Length of frond from two to three feet, stipes from twelve
to fifteen inches.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray.

K
i
r
;
Jf
/
27
a
Re
t
'
a if
|
)

PLYNIUM CANARIENS I. LOMARIA SUBSHRRA TUM.

XIX

Portion of mature Frond—under side.

ASPLENIUM PRAMORSUM, Var. CaNnanriense.

Moore.
PLATE XIX.— A.

Asplenium—Spleenwort. Premorsum—Jag ged-pointed.
Canariense—Canary Islands.

Asplenium canariense of Willdenow, Poiret, Sprengel, Presl,
Fee, and J. Smith, is found in the Canaries and Madeira, and
I believe is becoming scarce in those Islands.

It is more dwarf and compact than the more tropical forms
of Asplenium premorsum, and being a permanent variety and
very handsome, it has been thought desirable to give a figure
of it.

For a description of Asplentum premorsum and its varieties,
the reader is referred to pages 23-25, vol. v, of my “Natural
History of British and Exotic Ferns.”

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection, im-
ported from Madeira.

Portion of fertile Frond.

LOMARIA SPICANT, Var. SuBSERRATUM.
PLATE XIX.——B.

Lomaria—From loma, an edge, in reference to the position of the
spore-cases. Spicant—Spiked. Subserratum—Almost serrated.

Aw interesting variety found near Malton, in Yorkshire, by
Mr. Charles Monkman, of Malton.

The pinnules are very narrow and the frond slender; oppo-
site below, alternate above; horizontal below, and curving upwards
above. ‘The sterile fronds are about five inches in length, and
the fertile ones ten inches.

Variety of a British species, and constant.

The fronds illustrated are from a plant in the possession of
Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden.

i

A.—LOMARIA

i, CONTRACT U

HROPHYLLUM.

Bb,
O4

CONTRACTU

LOMARIA SPICANT, Var. HEeTeRoruyLium.
Moore.
PLATE XX.—A.

Lomaria—From /oma, an edge, in reference to the position of the
spore-cases. Spicant—Spiked. Heterophyllum—Different-leaved.

Founp at Tunbridge Wells, by Mr. Wollaston, and subse-
quently on Ben Lawers, Scotland, by Mr. James Horsfall.

On this variety are produced fronds in which the lobes are
wholly or partially absent, and frequently becoming semicircular
in form; inciso-dentate.

Length of sterile frond four inches.

Another variety of a British species. Constant.

The frond for illustration was forwarded by Mr. Stansficld,
of Vale Garden, ‘fodmorden.

LOMARIA SPICANT, Var. Impricatum.

PLATE AX,

Lomaria—From loma, an cdge, in reference to the position of the
spore-cases. Spicant—Spiked. Inbricatum—Imbricated.

Fouxp in 1858, im the Vale of ‘Yodmorden, by Mr. J.
Horsfall.

Pinnules approximate and cven crowded, so much so that
there are fifty pairs in a frond three mches in length; they
are exceedingly narrow at the base, and become largest in the
centre of the frond.

Base scaly.

A hardy constant varicty of a British Fern.

‘The frond for illustration was forwarded by Mr. Stansfield,
of 'Todmorden.

48

LOMARIA SPICANT, Var. Contractum.
Lowe.

PLATE XX.—C.

Lomaria—From loma, an edge, in reference to the position of the
spore-cases. Spicant—Spiked. Contractum—Shortened.

Discoverep in July, 1859, in Conway Valley, North Wales,
by Mr. J. Holmes.

This variety is quite constant. In beauty it is a gem.

Pinnules remarkably narrow for the lower half of the frond,
above larger, irregular, and somewhat triangular in form; the
apex attenuated; the basal contracted pinnules incised.

Length of sterile frond five inches.

For a description of Lomaria spicant see page 131, vol. iv,
of a “Natural History of British and Exotic Ferns,” by E. J.
Lowe.

The frond for illustration was forwarded by Mr. Stansfield,
of Todmorden.

LOMARIA SPICANT, Var. ContTRacTUM-RAMOSUM.
Lowe.

PLATE XX.—D,

Lomaria—From loma, an edge, in reference to the position of the
spore-cases. Spicant—Spiked. Contractum—Shortened.
Ramosum—Branching.

DiscoverED in the Clova Mountains, Scotland, in September,
1859, by Mr. J. Horsfall.

Another very handsome Fern.

The lower portion of the frond much contracted, but scarcely
incised; the pinnules in the middle of the frond somewhat
larger, irregular in form, but more or less triangular; at two
inches from the apex branched, the pinnules larger, irregular,
and the apex of the frond narrow and elongated.

For a frond my thanks are due to Mr. Stansficld, of 'l'od-
morden.

“rs iil

49

LOMARIA SPICANT, Var. Ramosum.

Moore. KINAgAN.

PLATE ZAKI“ A.s

Lomaria—From loma, an edge, in reference to the position of the
spore-cases. Spicant—Spiked. Ramosum—Branched.

Tue present variety is perhaps the handsomest form of
Lomaria spicant of which we are acquainted. It is exceedingly
rare,

It has been found in Ireland, near Wicklow, by Dr. Kinahan,
and in Mayo, by Captain Eden; in England, at Windermere,
by Mr. Hudhart.

This variety has the rachis divided into two or three branches,
and the apices of the divisions closely multifidly crisped into
convex tufts or tassels; the branches being normal below, and
the pinne contracted towards the base.

Length about six inches.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. C. Monkman, of
Malton, and Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden, from which the
present illustrations have been made.

50

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. Cristatom.

Moore.

PLATE NXI.—B.

Scolupendrium— Hart’s-tongue. Fulgare—Common.
Cristatum—Crested.

A very handsome variety of the Scolopendrium vulgare.

The fronds are multifid, very much divided, and forming
large tassclled heads; the divisions at the apex angular.

Length of frond six or eight inches.

There are several sub-forms of this Fern in cultivation.

For a description of the normal form of WScolopendrium
vulgare see page 155d, vol. v, of my “Natural History of British
and Exotic Ferns,’ and for woodcuts of the varieties laceratum,
multiforme, and acrocladon, see page 158 of the same book.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. Wollaston, of Chissel-
hurst, and Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden.

The illustration is from a plant in my own collection.

REMOTUM.,

Portion of fertile pinna—under side.

ASPIDIUM REMOTUM.

A. Braun. Kunze. Fer. Merrenrus.

PLATE NXI1.

Lastrea remota, Moors.

dAspidium rigidum, var. remotum, A. Braun.

Polystichum remotum, Kocu.
Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Remotum—Distant.

In rue Secrion Lastrea or AvuTHoRs.

Tun Aspidium remotum is a handsome Fern. It was first
discovered in the summer of 1859, in Westmoreland, by Mr.
F. Clowes, of Windermere, who looked upon it as a form of
Lastrea spinulosa. To Mr. Thomas Moore, of the Chelsea
Botanic Gardens, we are indebted for bringing the present
specics before the public. ‘This well-known authority in Ferns
received fronds of this plant from Mr. Clowes, and recognised
it as the Aspédium remotum of Braun, announcing the discovery
to the Linnean Society on the 15th. of December, 1859. ‘Thus
another species has been added to our British Ferns.

A hardy deciduous species.
I

52 ASPIDIUM REMOTUM.

Native of Southern Germany, and Windermere, Westmoreland.

The fronds, which are erect, are narrow oblong-lanceolate,
smooth, and sub-tripinnate; the pinne ascending, opposite or
sub-opposite, distant below, and ovate-acuminate in form.
Pinnules an inch and a quarter in length, briefly stalked,
almost pinnate, serrated, and more especially at the apex; ovate
below, and linear-oblong at their greatest distance from the
main rachis. Weins branched.

Sori medial and conspicuous, consisting of two rows near the
costa.

The fructification covering the whole under side of the frond.
Indusium kidney-shaped and persistent.

Stipes and rachis stout, and covered with numerous scales;
stipes twelve inches in length. Lower pinne three to four
inches in length, central pinne six inches.

Length of frond from three to four feet.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. Stansfield, of Vale
Gardens, Todmorden.

The illustration is from a frond of the original plant, sent
by Ar. Stansfield.

or
wD)

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. Ramo-MARGINATUM.

Moore.

PLATE XXIII.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare—Common.
Ramo-marginatum—Margin-branched.

Tus very singular Fern was raised from spores by Mr. A.
Clapham, of Scarborough, a gentleman who has been more
successful than any one else in obtaining remarkable varieties
of British species from spores. It is exceedingly beautiful, and
very distinct.

The lower portion of the frond is very much narrowed, the
leafy part being often all but wanting, except at the base itself,
where it becomes dilated; above it is ramose, forming multifid-
crisped tassels, which are marginate. At the apex the form
is that of a large spreading tassel.

Length of the frond usually about nine inches, and width of
the apex (that is, of the tassel) about six inches.

There are two forms, the one branching into two distinct
fronds at the base.

For the simple form I am indebted to Mr. Stansfield, of
Todmorden, and for the double form to Mr. C. Monkman, of
Malton, both of whose forms I have figured.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. SuBMARGINATUM.

Moore.
PLATE XNXIV.—A.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Tulgare—Common.
Submarginatum—Partially margined.

AN interesting variety, found in several places in Great
Britain and Guernsey.

The fronds, which vary, are frequently bifurcate or ramose,
partially margined, the margin either crenato-lobate, lobate,
narrowed and trebly dentate, or truncate and obliquely cornute.

It has a thin skin-like irregular line just beneath the jagged
margin of the frond, which, however, is not always continuous.

The sori are bold and lengthy within the skin-like line,
having also short sori outside this line.

Length of frond from eighteen to twenty-four inches.

The frond from which the illustration is taken was found
at Oldstead, Yorkshire, and kindly communicated by Mr. C.
Monkman, of Malton.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. Jucosum.

Moore.
PLATE NXXIV.-——B.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Fulgare—Common.
Jugosum—F ull of ridges.

Tuts singular Fern was found in Guernsey by Mr. James,
of Vauvert, and Mr. Jackson.

It differs in having the soriferous veins thickened, and thus
producing on the upper surface of the fronds a series of ridges,
or leafy sorus-like excrescences.

The length is from twelve to fourteen inches.

There are several forms in cultivation.

For the specimen illustrated I am indebted to Mr. C.
Monkman, of Malton.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. CRENAtTO-LoBAtTUM.
Moore.

Scolupendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulyare—Common.
Crenato-lobatum—Jagged-lobed.

ANOTHER interesting variety, found in Guernsey by Mr. C.
Jackson; Dorsctslure, by Mr, Wollaston; Oldstead, Yorkshire,
by Mr. CG, Monkman; Devonshire, by the Rey. J. M. Chanter;
and in Kent, by Abr. Brent.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, VAR. PAPILLOSUM. 57

The size and outline of this Fern is normal, sometimes,
however, as in the Oldstead examples, being widest at the
centre of the frond.

The margin (and more especially in the upper portion) is
distinctly crenato-lobate, and occasionally sub-undulated.

Sori abundant and prominent beneath, and distinctly supra-
soriferous above, the latter often large.

Length of frond from twelve to fifteen inches,

The specimen illustrated was found at Oldstead, Yorkshire,
and communicated by Mr. C. Monkman, of Malton.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. PapiLiosum.
Moore.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare—Common.
Papillosum—Bearing protuberances.

A pretty, curious Fern, discovered in Guernsey, by Mr.
Jackson.

The distinctive feature is a series of distinct wart-like ex-
crescences on the upper surface of the frond, near the margin,
forming a kind of border.

Sori oval.

Length from six or eight inches to eighteen inches.

DS SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, VAR. VARIABILE.

For the frond illustrated I am indebted to Mr. Stansfield, of
Todmorden.

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ww

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. VariaBite.

Moore.

Scolopendriun—Hart’s-tongue. Fulgare—Common.
Turiubile—Variable.

A very variable Fern, both in size and form.

Found in several localities.

The fronds either consist of two distinct reniform-stalked
lobes or branches, or one reniform lobe and a longer branch,
or destitute of the reniform lobe. The branch usually divided
into one or two round lobes, sometimes multifid at the apex.

Length of frond from nine to eighteen inches.

The specimen for illustration was obligingly furnished by Mr.
C. Monkman, of Malton.

ALBO-LINEBATA,

VAR,

LHTICA

PTE

PTERIS CRETICA, Var. ALBO-LINEATA.

Hooker.

PLATE XXV.
Pteris bicolor, Lonpon NursreryMEn.
Pteris—Brake. Cretica—Cretan. Albo-lineata—White-lined.

THERE are now several variegated-fronded Ferns in cultivation.
We have already described and figured Pterts aspericaulis,
var. tricolor, a magnificent Fern, requiring careful attention,
and a close warm stove; and Pterts argyrea, another beautiful
Fern, of large size, but only bearing a few fronds at the same
time; and now we have the Péerts cretica, var. albo-lineata,
which, with very little management, produces a handsome
specimen.

Introduced into England in 1860, having been received from
the Botanic Gardens of Java.

Very dwarf in habit, bearing from thirty to fifty fronds at
the same time, which remain for a length of time in perfection.
The sterile fronds are smaller than the fertile ones, and the
pinne are broader, the former being from eight to twelve
inches, and the latter from fourteen to twenty inches long.

The form is the same as in the Pteris cretica, being pin-
nate, with usually three pairs of lanceolate-sessile pinne, and
a terminal much longer one. ‘The longer pair of pinne are
bifid, producing on their lower side a secondary pinnule «i
about one half their own length, the next pair sometimes
producing on their lower side a lobe.

The sterile fronds, as well as the sterile portion of the

fertile fronds, are spinulose-serrate.
I

60 PTERIS CRETICA, VAR. ALBO-LINEATA.

The colour is green, with a broad belt of a whitish colour
down the centre of each pinna, occupying one half the width
of the frond.

Mr. Crocker, who has the management of the Ferns at the
Royal Gardens, Kew, has raiscd some hundreds of plants
from spores, and every one are quite true, not a single normal
green frond to be seen amongst them.

My thanks are due to Mr. Smith, the Curator of the Royal
Gardens, Kew, for the fronds from which the present illustration
was produced.

CHELAN TEES: TCAD UNIS POLYPODIUM VULGARE, VAR. CRISTATUM

Fertile Pinna—under side.

CHEILANTHES CAPENSIS.

SWARTZ. Moore.

PULTE. ARVI—A,

Cheilanthes pretexta, Kavutruss.
Adiantum capense, THUNBERG.
Adiantopsis capensis, Fee.
Hypolepis Hooker.

Cheilanthes—From the Greek, a lip and a flower. Capensis—Cape
of Good Hope.

In tue Secrioxn ADIANTOIDEA.

Aw exceedingly pretty dwarf Fern, with characters partaking
of Cheilanthes, Hypolepis, and Adiantum. In habit and nature
it is very dissimilar to either Chetlanthes or Hypolepis, and
indeed no nearer allied to Adzantum, in all three of which
families it has been placed by various authorities. It is rare
in cultivation in this country.

An evergreen greenhouse species.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.
The fronds, which are membranaccous and_ glabrous, are

deltoid and bi-tripinnate; the pinnules obovate and decurrent.
Sori approximate, membranaceous, copious, and semiovate,
giving the edge of the frond an Adtantum look.

62 CHEILANTHES CAPENSIS.

Stipes from four to six inches in length, and rachis four
inches. Stipes slender, ebeneous, and polished; colour reddish
brown; base slightly scaly.

Caudex creeping and scaly.

Veins slender and forked.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. Downes, of Hillsboro
Terrace, Ilfracombe.

The illustration is from Mr. Downes’ frond.

63

POLYPODIUM VULGARE, Var. Cristatum.

Perry, M.S.

PLATE XXVI.—B.

Polypodium—Poly pody. Vulgare—Common. Cristatum—Crested.

THis very beautiful Fern is as yet rare in cultivation.

It was discovered in Ireland by Mr. Henry S. Perry, of
Rock Lodge, Monkstown, County Cork.

Like Aspidium filiz-mas, var. cristata, the present plant has
multifid or tasseled apices on each pinna, the midrib of the frond
dividing and branching about an inch below the apex of
the frond, as well as the mid-vein of each pinna about a
quarter of an inch below the apex of each pinna.

Sori large and prominent.

Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, purchased the stock of this
very distinct Fern, from whom it can be procured.

For a description of Polypodium vulgare, the reader is re-
ferred to page 111, vol. i, of my “Natural History of British
and Exotic Ferns.’”? The present variety, from the points of
each frond being branched and crested, and all its divisions
terminating in crested tufts, so as to form a frilled margin, is
both distinct and beautiful.

My thanks are due to Mr. Perry, the discoverer, for fronds
of this variety.

The illustration is from Mr. Perry’s frond.

Potyropium VULGARE, VAR. TRUNCATUM. Van. MancinatuM.

POLYPODIUM VULGARE, Var. Truncarum.
Moore.
Polypodium—Polypody. Vulgare—Common. Truncatum—Truncated.

Aw interesting variety, well worthy of cultivation. Rare.

Discovered at Windermere, by Mr. Clowes.

In this variety the lobes are profoundly serrated, the lobules
being minutely serrated.

The fronds are occasionally truncate, the leafy portion being
absent, and the veins projecting so as to form irregular points.

The pinne are alternate.

Length twelve inches, or more.

The frond for illustration was kindly forwarded by Mr.
Clowes, of Windermere.

POLYPODIUM VULGARE, Var. Marcinatum.

Polypodium—Polypody. Vulgare—Common. Marginatum—In
reference to the margin.

A DISTINCT variety.

This Fern differs in having the epidermis of the under
surface of the frond split away, as it were from the margins
of the lobes, and receding towards the mid-vein.

Variety Marginatum is very rare.

My thanks are due to Mr. Monkman, of Malton, for the
frond which is here figured.

CRISTATUM.

VAR,

AS PIDIUM

ANGULARSE,

XXVil

67

ASPIDIUM ANGULARE, Var. Cristatum.

Lowe.
PLATE XXVII.
Polystichum angulare, var. cristatum, Moore.
Aspidium—Shield Fern. Angulare—An angle. Cristatum—Crested.
In tHe Section Ponysticnum or Auruors.

ANOTHER beautiful variety of a British species, which in its
general features resembles the crested forms of Aspidium filix-
mas and Asplenium filiz-feemina. During the last three or four
years great progress has been made in the raising from spores
of varieties of the British Ferns, many of which are so dis-
similar as to be scarcely recognised as belonging to the parent
from which they have sprung. ‘Their beauty and distinctness
will quite revolutionize the English ferneries, and, being hardy,
is a matter of the greatest moment to cultivators of these
charming plants. From the present varieties will spring countless
other varied forms, as, although it is with the greatest difficulty
that a variety can be raised from the normal form, nevertheless
it is comparatively easy to multiply endless forms when they
are raised from the spores of the varieties. In the normal
forms the fronds are more or less alike, whilst in the varicties
they have a tendency to differ, and the plan to be adopted
is to save spores from those fronds which are the most beautiful
and distinct; from these, plants will spring up that will amply
repay the care and attention requisite in their cultivation.

The present variety was first discovered near Bristol, by

Mr. Hillman, and subsequently in Devonshire, by the Rey. J.
K

68 ASPIDIUM ANGULARE, VAR. CRISTATUM.

M. Chantin and Mr. Wollaston, and in Somersetshire, by Mr.
Elworthy.

The apices of the fronds branch out into multifid curly
tufts, whilst the apices of the pinne, though less developed
than those of the fronds, also end in multifid curly tufts.

The pinne are opposite below and alternate above, in short,
the frond in other respects bears a strong resemblance to the
normal form.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. Monkman, of Malton.

The illustration is from Mr. Monkman’s frond.

ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS, VA®, ABBREVIATOM-CRISTATUM.
XAVIIL

69

ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS, Var. ABBREVIATUM-CRISTATUM.

Lowe.
PLATE XXVIII.

Lastrea filiz-mas abbreviata-cristata, CLowss.

Aspidium—Shield Fern.
Filiz-mas—Male Fern. Abbreviatum-cristatum—A bbreviated-erested.

In roe Secrion Lasrrea or AUTHORS.

Tuis new multifid variety of the Male Fern, although not so
dwarf as the Aspidium pumilum, (figure 15, vol. vi, of my
‘Natural History of British and Exotic Ferns,”’) is nevertheless
of dwarf compact habit, and an interesting addition to our hardy
Ferns.

It was found in Borrodale, Cumberland, by Mr. R. D.
Harrison.

The pinne are opposite below and sub-opposite above, dis-
tant, and from an inch and a half to two inches in length,
their apices being branched and tasseled. The pinnules are
opposite.

The midrib very scaly.

Sori usually one on each pinnule, and in the larger and
broader pinnules two, the whole forming a single line close to
the midvein.

Length of frond from twelve to fourteen inches.

For a frond of this beautiful and rare Fern I am indebted
to Mr. Clowes, of Windermere.

The illustration is from Mr. Clowes’ frond.

W

4

y

WA
Vf

ADIANTUM

WILBSI

AY
SS

:
‘
sy

Sa
AN j

Portion of fertile Frond—under side,

ADIANTUM WILESIANUM.

Hooker. Fee. Moore.
PLATE XXIX.

Adiantum crenatum ? WILLDENOW.

Adiantum—Dry. Wilesianum—Named after Mr. Wiles, the
discoverer of the Fern in Jamaica.

AN interesting species, well worthy of general cultivation.

An evergreen stove Fern.

Native of Jamaica and Mexico.

‘The fronds are large, quadripinnate, with lanceolate-acuminate
pinne, which are distant; pinnules ovate-lanceolate, falcate, base
obliquely wedge-shaped, superior base truncate. Upper margin
crenato-lobate. Pinnules alternate.

Sori situated in the crenature or sinus of the lobe; indusium
reniform ; sori about five, sometimes six, on each pinnule.

Stipes ebeneous, glabrous, and shining.

Rachis on under side pubescent.

Colour of frond dark brown green.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. J. Smith, Curator of
the Royal Gardens, Kew.

The illustration is from one of Mr. Smith’s fronds,

CHRATODACTYLIS OSMUNDIODIES

Y,

oie
inl hd Lo

Barren Frond.

CERATODACTYLIS OSMUNDIOIDES.

J. Smita. Fes.

PLATE XXX.

Llaveu cordifolia, Lacasca. Hooxer, (not Lizpaany.)
Allosorus karwinskit. Kunze. Bextuam. Hooxer.
Botryogramme “ Fer.

Ceratodactylis—From Keras—a horn, and dactylos—a finger, alluding to
the divisions of the fronds. Osmundioides—Osmunda-like.

A very handsome, delicate-fronded, Osmunda-looking Fern.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of Mexico.

Fronds large and tripinnate, the fertile and sterile pinnules
different. Sterile pinnules ovate-cordate, thin but firm, having
a thickened narrow margin; the veins closely pinnated and
forked, the margin finely spinulose-serrate: fertile pinnules, which
are situated only on the upper portion, forming a panicle, are
narrow, elongated, nearly terete, the margins membranaceous,
involute, and forming the involucres.

Caudex brief, stout, flexuous, and scaly, stipes long, flexuous,
slender, and scaly; rachis flexuous and slender.

Sori linear-oblong, and occupying nearly the entire length of
the pinnated veins of the upper pinnules of the frond.

74 CERATODACTYLIS OSMUNDIOIDES.

A large rambling-habited Fern, if not scandent.

A solitary species in this genus, very distinct.

My obligations are due to Mr. J. Smith, Curator of the Royal
Gardens, Kew, for the fronds illustrated.

GYMNOGRAMMA TRIFOLIATA.—_APEX OF PFROND.

A

Deh

ASS

Portion of barren Frond—under side.

GYMNOGRAMMA TRIFOLIATA
Desvaux. J. Svitn. Sprencer. Moore.
PLATE XXXII.

Acrostichum trifoliatum, Linyxvs.
Hemionilis trifoliata, Humpouprt,

Gymnogramma—Naked writing, in allusion to the sori.
Trifoliata—Three-leaved.

A BEAUTIFUL golden-powdered Fern, rare in cultivation.

Native of the West Indies and South America.

Fronds pinnate, pinne linear, from two to three inches in
length; sterile fronds everywhere very smooth; basal pinne tri-
foliate, higher on the frond usually bifoliate, opposite or sub-
opposite; pinne short-stalked.

Stipes and rachis reddish.

Veins forked.

Sori along the veins, naked, and eventually confluent.
L

76 GYMNOGRAMMA TRIFOLIATA.

Length of frond about two feet; above dark green, beneath
densely covered with a pale greenish yellow powder.

Sprengel remarks in his description of this Fern, that it is
white-powdered beneath, but all the fronds which I have seen
have been yellow-powdered.

For fronds I am indebted to Mr. J. Smith, Curator of the
Royal Gardens, Kew, and to Mr. R. J. Gray, of St. Thomas’,
Exeter.

The illustration is from Mr. Smith’s frond,

OLIA.

Barren Pinna.

ANEMIA ADIANTIFOLIA.

Swartz. Moore. WILLpENow. SPRENGEL. DeEsvaux.
Kunze. Prest. Ktorzsca, (not of SCHLECHTENDAL. )

PLATE XXXII.

Anemia cicutaria, Moore anp Hovtston.
(not of Kuwzez.)
“ caruifolia, Presi. SpRENGEL,
“ asplenifolia, Swarrz.
Osmunda adiantifolia, Linyezvs.
asplenifolia, Lamanck.
Anemirhiza adiantifolia, J. Surru.
Ornithopteris ‘ic Brrnwarvt.

Anemia adiantifelia, var. caruifolia, Moors.
es var, asplenifolia, WILLDENOW.

Anemia—From the Greek, naked, in reference to the naked inflorescence.
Adiantifolia—Maidenhair-leaved.

Aw excecdingly handsome Fern.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of the West Indies—in Jamaica, Cuba, St. Domingo,
Bahamas, Porto Rico, and Guadeloupe, South America—in
Mexico, Guatemala, and Tabasco.

'

18 ANEMIA ADIANTIFOLIA.

Fronds bipinnate, except at the base, where tripinnate.
Pinne, two together at the base of the frond, then alternate,
apex of the frond attenuate. Pinnules, basal ones deeply di-
vided, wedge-shaped at the base, and sharply dentate on the
margin, the other pimnules acutely wedge-shaped at base, their
apices rounded. Fertile frond tripartite, the two opposite seg-
ments contracted, erect, constituting two sporangiferous racemes.
The pair of fertile pimne at the base of the frond are situated
on long slender stalks, and usually there is a third fertile pinna
situated immediately above with a sterile pinna, the rest of the
pmne being barren.

Rachis and stipes very slender, and copiously hirsute. Pin-
nules also hirsute.

Length of frond twelve inches.

Veins forked and free.

Sporangia, oval, attached to the base, opening vertically on
the exterior side.

Tam indebted to Mr. J. Smith, of the Royal Gardens, Kew,
for the fronds from which the present illustration has been
made.

Portion of fertile Frond—under side.

POLYPODIUM PLEBEJUM.

SCHLECHTENDAL. J. Situ. Liepmann. Kunze.
VLALTE XXXIII.
Polypodium—Poly pody. Plebejum—Common.

AN interesting rare species.

An evergreen stove Fern.

Native of Mexico, where it has been found in the temperate
and cold regions, at a height of from two to seven thousand
feet above the sea, by Schiede and Liebmann.

In form it is very like Polypodium vulgare.

The peculiar feature of this handsome Fern is that the
under side is dotted over with conspicuous brown scales, which
are a great contrast on the pale grecn of the frond.

Length of frond ten inches; width two inches and three
quarters. Colour bright bluish green.

Round the edge of the frond there is a thickened rim, and
on the upper side, along the margin, there is a row of cir-
cular white scales.

Sori a single row on each side the midrib, very large,
reddish, usually about ten or twelve pairs; eventually confluent
and joining each other.

The frond for illustration was kindly communicated by Mr.
J. Smith, Curator of the Royal Gardens, Kew.

GEE

y

ILYPODIUM SQUAMAT ML

XXXVI

Pinna of fertile Frond—under side.

POLYPODIUM SQUAMATUM.

LINN&uUS. PLUMIER.

PLATE XXXIV.
Lepicystis squamata, J. Smirx.
Polypodium—Polypody. Squamatum—Scaly.

In rue Secrion Lepricystis or AUTHORS.

THERE are several species which Mr. Smith has formed into
a genus, under the name of Lepicystis. ‘They consist of the
Polypodium ineanum of Swartz, the Polypodium sepultum of
Kaulfuss, and the Polypodium squamatum of Linneus, (the
present species.) These species have pinnatifid fronds, which
are densely squamose. ‘The veins are anastomosing, the lower
exterior venule of each fascicle being free, and bearing the
sporangia on its apex, within the costal areoles. The sori are
circular, and protrude through the dense squame.

The Polypodium squamatum is very handsome, and rare in
cultivation.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of the West Indies.

82 POLYVPODIUM SQUAMATUM.

Fronds pinnatifid. Pinne narrow, Icssening to the apex,
where pointed; alternate below, and opposite above; very
hirsute above and below, approximate, and usually fifty pairs.

Sori a single row on either side the midrib, small, reddish,
and usually about thirty pairs.

Length of frond about thirty-three inches, the lowest six
inches being naked. Width of frond eight inches in the
widest part. Colour rich green above, and whitish below.

For fronds my thanks are given to Mr. J. Smith, Curator of
the Royal Gardens, Kew.

Apex of Frond.

POLYPODIUM PHEGOPTERIS, Var. Muttiripum.

Lowe.

Polypodium—Polypody. Phegopteris—Beech Fern.
Multifidum—Multifid.

Tus interesting variety was found by myself in great
abundance in 1857, near Stockghyll Force, Ambleside.

In form it resembles the normal form of Polypodium
phegopteris, the distinctive feature consisting in its being
irregularly multifid.

M

+4

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. FissILe.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Fulgare—Common. Fissile—Split.

A wanpsomeE form of the above Fern.

Discovered at Castle Howard, by Mr. C. Monkman.

A dwarf Fern, and a very irregular-edged variety, with a
beautifully cut margin.

Sori small; sometimes supra-soriferous.

Length of frond from nine to twelve inches.

My thanks are due to Mr. C. Monkman, of Malton, for the
frond illustrated.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE,

VARIETY SUBMARGINATUM-MULTIFIDUM.

Scolupendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare—Common.
Submarginatum—Submarginal. Muttifidum—Multifid.

A pwarr Fern raised by Mr. Stansfield, of the Vale Gardens,
Todmorden.

Fronds irregular and submarginal, their apices multifid into
compact divisions.

Sori small, almost circular.

Length of frond from eight to nine inches.

My thanks are due to Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden, for the
frond illustrated.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE.
Var. Submarginatum-multitidum.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE,

Var. Fissile,

LYGODIUM FORSTHRI.
XXXV

Portion of fertile Frond--under side.

LYGODIUM FORSTERI.

Lowe.

PLATE XXRY.

Lygodictyon forsteri, J. Sura.

Lygodium reticulatum, ScuKunHR.

Hydroglossum polycarpus, WILLDENOW.
Ophioglossum scandens, Forster, (not Linnxvs.)

Lygodium—From lygodes, flexible, in allusion to the twining habit of
the plants. Forsteri—_Named after Forster.

In tue Section Lycopicryon or AUTHORS.

Tuts charming climbing-habited plant differs from all other
species in having its venation reticulated. Mr. Smith has, on
this account, separated it, and formed a new genus, which he
has called Lygodictyon. It is rare in cultivation.

88 ILYGODIUM FORSTERI.

A warm greenhouse species.

Native of the Polynesian Islands.

In general habit it is similar to the Lygodium, in which
family it was placed by Schkuhr.

Fronds scandent, twining, and conjugate; usually three
(sometimes four) pairs of pinne, with an ultimate double
pinna, (which is sometimes single.) Pinne broadest at the
base, and narrowing to the apex; an inch and a half in
length, and thin in texture. Colour bright green.

Sori consisting of indusiate cysts, making an interesting row
of spore-cases beyond the margin of the frond.

For the fronds illustrated my thanks are due to Mr. J.
Smith, Curator of the Royal Gardens, Kew.

NIDUs.

AAAVI

ASPLENIUM

Portion of fertile Frond—under side.

ASPLENIUM NIDUS.

Linn&us. Hooker. Witipenow. (Not of Brown,
Rapp1, Watticu, MurLier, or Morirz.)

PLATE XXXVI.

Neottopteris nidus, J.Smiro. Hooxer. Fen.
Thamnopteris nidus, Prest. Moone.
ee orientalis, Prest.
a mauritiana, PRESL.
Asplenium—Spleenwort. Nidus—A nest, in allusion to the

manner of growth.
In rue Secrion THAMNOPTERIS OF AUTHORS.

Accorp1nG to our leading botanists several somewhat similar
Ferns in some respects, but differing considerably in others,
may be considered as forms of the same Fern, and that Fern
the -Asplentum nidus. These consist of the following:—

90 ASPLENIUM NIDUS.

Asplenium nidus, Linneus, with fronds from two to six feet
long; A. musefolium, Mettenius, with fronds from four to six
feet long, and one foot broad; A. australasicum, Hooker,
with fronds from two to six feet long.

In A. nidus the frond is usually narrower. In A. musefolium
the great size, and especially breadth of this simple or un-
divided frond, makes it, as Sir W. J. Hooker says, “unques-
tionably the most noble of all the genus Asplentum.” A.
australasicum, which is distinguished by the very acute keel
to the costa, is the form figured in my “Natural History of
Ferns,” Vol. V, plate XV.—A, under the name of A. nedus,
and this Fern must therefore be called the A. nidus var.
australasicum,; the present species being the normal form of
A. nidus.

An evergreen stove Fern.

Native of the East Indies—Malay Islands, Mauritius, Elizabeth
Island, Oahu, Sandwich Islands, Society Islands, China, Chusan,
Bonin Isles, Australia, Norfolk Island, and Madagascar.

Fronds ample, spathulato-lanceolate, acuminate at the apex,
and tapering to the base; decurrent on a brief stipes. Costa
semiterete at the back..

Sori extending from the costa to about half-way towards the
margin.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. J. Smith, Curator of
the Royal Gardens, Kew.

Fertile pinna--under side.

LOMARIOPSIS LONGIFOLIA.
J. SMITH.
PLATE XXXVII.

Lomaria longifolia, Kautruss. Sprenee..
Acrostichum sorbifolium, Vani, (Not of Linnzvs.)

Lomariopsis—From loma, the edge, and opsis, appearance, in allusion
to the marginal gland. Longifolia—Long-fronded.

Aw interesting rare Fern.

A stove species.

Native of tropical America, Martinique, and Porto Rico.

Fronds dimorphous and pinnate; the pinne articulate with
the rachis. The fertile pinne contracted, sub-opposite below,
alternate above, from six to ten pairs and a terminal one;
length of pinne six inches, breadth one inch and a half;
oblong-lanceolate in form, pointed at the apex, cuneate at the
base, and paler underneath.

Veins uniform, part simple and part forked, direct, parallel,
free, and conspicuous.

Fertile pinna smaller and narrow, sporangiferous, on the
under side covering the whole frond; length three inches
and a half; breadth not half an inch; margin membranous,
narrow, and sub-indusiform.

N

92 LOMARIOPSIS LONGIFOLIA.

Sori superficial, and without an indusium.

Length of frond two feet.

Rhizoma scandent.

A similar genus to Stenochlena, as regards its habit, but
differmg in the absence of the costal areole, and of the
marginal gland near the base of the pinne.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. J. Smith, Curator of
the Royal Gardens, Kew.

The illustration is from fronds sent by Mr. J. Smith.

VII

Portion of barren Frond.

NIPHOPSIS ANGUSTATUS.
SMITH.

PLATE SAAVILT.—aA.

Niphobolus spherocephalus, Hooker and GreviLur.
“ macrocarpus, Hooker anp ARNOTT.
es angustatus, Sprencet. Moore.

Polypodium angustatum, Swartz. Scaxunr.
ss spherocephalum, WatticH.

Pleopeltis angustata, Pres.

Phymatodes spherocephalus, Pres.

Niphopsis—Snowy appearance, (from the Greek,) in allusion to the stellate
pubescence. Angustatus—Narrow-fronded.

A PRETTY, rare Fern.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of the Malay Archipelago.

Fronds simple, linear-lanceolate, opaque, coriaceous, and
densely covered with a reddish stellate pubescence; sometimes
the apex of the frond is bifid.

Veins compound anastomosing, internal, and obscure; primary
veins indistinct.

Sori oval, large and bold, and _ transverse-uniserial, about
thirty pairs on each frond, reddish in colour, and conspicuously
visible on the upper side of the frond.

Length fifteen inches; fertile frond narrower.

‘The illustration is from fronds kindly forwarded by Mr. J.
Smith, Curator of the Royal Gardens, Kew.

Portion of Frond.

€

NIPHOBOLUS GARDNERI.
J. Smitu. Kunze. Moore.

PLATE XXAVITL==B,

Niphobolus acrostichoides, J. Smitu. (Not of Forster.)
Polypodium gardneri, METTENIvs.

Niphobolus—From niphobolos, covered with snow, in allusion to the
stellate pubescence. Gardneri—Named after Gardner.

A FINE stove Fern.

Native of Ceylon.

Frond simple, linear-lanceolate, apex pointed, thick, pubescent
with a reddish pubescence.

Veins internal and obscure; pinnate from a central costa;
venules anastomosing.

Sori non-indusiate, circular, multiserial, confluent, and even-
tually covering the whole under side of the frond except the
base.

Length of frond fifteen inches.

Rhizoma creeping.

My thanks are due to Mr. J. Smith, of the Royal Gardens,
Kew, for fronds from which the present illustration has been
made.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. STANSFIELDII.

STANSFIELD, MS.
PLATE XXXIX.—A.

Scolopendrium— Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare—Common.
Stansfieldti—Named after the successful raiser of many varieties of British
Ferns, Mr. Stansfield.

Tuts magnificent, and, as yet, very rare variety, was raised
from spores in the fernery of Messrs. Stansfield, of Todmorden,
in the year 1859. It is quite constant, and when the fronds
are in perfection it is the most beautiful of all the varieties
of this protean species. ;

The fronds are densely undulated, in the manner of Scolo-
pendrium vulgare, var. crispum,; the undulations, however, in
the variety stansfieldit are lobed and profoundly laciniated,
the projections being long-pointed and variously crisped and
twisted, giving the whole frond the singular appearance of a
fringed frill, if it is allowable to use this pleonastic phrase.

Vhe stipes is from two to three inches in length, and the
fully-grown fronds twelve inches or more long, and about
two inches broad.

My thanks are due to Messrs. Stansfield, of the Vale Gardens,
Todmorden, for the frond illustrated.

Portion of fertile Frond--under side.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE,

Var. MARGINATO-IRREGULARE.
CLAPHAM.
PLATE XXXIX.—B.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare—Common.
Marginato-irregulare—Irregular-margined.

AN interesting and desirable variety of our English Scolopen-
drium vulgare, raised by Mr. Clapham, of Scarborough, a
gentleman well known for the many remarkable varieties he
has added to our British Ferns.

The present species is most variable, the fronds being irregu-
larly margined, and their apices multifid.

So variable is the form of the fronds of this Tern, that no
two are alike.

Length from nine to twelve inches.

For the fronds illustrated I am indebted to Mr. Clapham, of
Scarborough.

TX
NOQGVTIOOUOY “VVA “VNINM4-XITia WOINSTISY

97

ASPLENIUM FILIX-FQ@MINA, Var. Acroctapon.

CrapHam, MS.

PLATE XI.

alspleniuem—S8pleenwort. Filizx-femina—Lady Fern.
Acroclaudon—¥rom the Greek, branching at the extremity.

Ix tur Secrion ArHyrium or AUTHORS.

AN extremely handsome variety of the Lady Fern, raised by
Mr Clapham, of Scarborough.

In habit and general appearance this variety partakes more
of the character of the variety “corymbiferum,’ found in the
Channel Islands, than of any other; the multifid apices
are, however, much more finely cut and divided.

Length of frond twelve inches. Colour pale green.

The frond illustrated was kindly sent by Mr. Clapham, of

Scarborough.

ia Ahn St not A all ates”
AE ee

Apex of Frond.

ASPIDIUM OREOPTERIS, Var. Nowe.iianum.
Lowe.

Lastrea montana, var. nowelliana, Moore.

Aspidium—The Shicld Fern. Oreopteris—Mountain Fern.
Nowellianum—Named after Mr. Nowcll, one of the discoverers.
0

100 ASPIDIUM OREOPTERIS, VAR. NOWELLIANUM.

In tue Section Lasrrea or Auruors.

THe Lastrea montana is one of the least variable of the
British Ferns, and this variety is by far the most extraordinary
hitherto discovered. It was found by Mr. J. Nowell, and Mr.
A. Stansfield, of Todmorden, near Lake Gyrionedd, in North
Wales, September 12th., 1860, and has been tested in the
fernery at the Vale Nurseries, Todmorden, and proves perfectly
constant.

The fronds are pinnate, the pinne linear, very narrow, and
terminating much more abruptly than in the normal species.
The rachis or midrib of the frond frequently terminates in a
horn-like projection near the apex of the frond.

The pinnules are very short, generally only about one third
of the length of those in the ordinary form; they are deeply
cut and serrated, and in this respect the variety nowelliana
differs entirely from the normal type, and indeed has quite
as much the appearauce of an Athyrium as a Lastrea.

The sori bold and conspicuous.

The fronds are from twelve to twenty-four inches in length.

For a description of this Fern the reader is referred to
Aspidium oreopteris of Swartz, section Lastrea, page 53, vol.
vi, of my “Natural History of British and Exotic Ferns.”

My thanks are due to Messrs. Stansfield, of Todmorden, for
the frond illustrated.

i GR ENA,
He GRR
oo

Pinna of mature Frond—under side.

ASPIDIUM DELTOIDEUM.

SWARTZ.

PLATE XLI.
Lustrea dilatata, Moores.
Aspidium—Shield Fern. Deltotdeum—Deltoidal.

In tHe Section Lastrea or AvuTHORS.

A singular-looking Fern, as yet rare in cultivation.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of the West Indies, and imported from Jamaica.

The fronds, which are stiff, are erect, smooth, thickish-
textured, and pinnate; the pinne on the lower half of the
frond are very small and deltoidal, descending, and making
the lower half of the frond remarkably narrow; the pinne
on the upper half of the frond very large in proportion to
those below, ascending, profoundly pinnatifid, and narrowing
to the apex. Pinne at the basc, and also upper portion of
the frond, rounded at the apex, the large pinne pointed.
The largest pinne four inches in length, below where deltoid
only half an inch. Stem very hirsute; base scaly.

Rhizoma very slow creeping, (decumbent,) and stout.

Veins forked.

102 ASPIDIUM DELTOIDEUM.

Length of frond from nine to twelve inches. Colour deen
green.

For the frond illustrated my thanks are duc to Mr. R.
Sim, Nurseryman, Foot’s Cray, Kent.

XIPHOPTERIS SERRULATA (GRAMMITIS.)

KAULFUsS.

PLATE XLII.—A.

Acrostichum serrulatum, Swartz.
Grammitis serrulata, Hooker.

Xiphopteris—From the Greek, Sword Fern. Serrulata—Saw-edged.

A Most singular little Fern; rare in cultivation.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of the West Indies, and imported from Jamaica.

The barren and fertile fronds different, the latter longer,
and the apices, which alone are fertile, a little flattened out
in breadth; the soriferous part of the fertile frond minute.

Rhizoma tufted, spreading by its filiform stolons, by which
means it is increased.

Length of sterile frond one inch and a half; of fertile
frond three inches; width one sixteenth of an inch.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray,
Kent.

Pinna of mature Frond.

MOHRIA THURIFRAGA, Var. ACHILLIZFOLIA.

Moore.
PLATE XLII.—B.

Mohria—Named after Mohr, «a German botanist.
Thurifraga—Frankincense. Achilliafulia—Achillia-leaved.

A most beautiful variety of the Mohria thurifraga, (figured
on Plate LXN, vol. viii, of my “Natural History of British
and Exotic Ferns,”) having the barren fronds from four to
six inches in length, and the fertile fronds from six to nine
inches, the barren being two inches, and the fertile from two
inches and a half to three inches wide. The lower parts of
the fertile fronds (which are erect) are like the barren oncs,
the upper part alone being fertile, and much like the fertile
frond of the normal form of Mohria thurifraga.

Rhizoma slow creeping.

One of the greatest proofs that this charming Fern is only
a variety of JL. thurifraga, is that spores carefully saved and
sown have only produced the ordinary form of ML. thurifraga.

For a plant my thanks are due to Myr. Henderson, of
Wentworth; and for the fronds illustrated, to Mr. R. Sim, of
Foot’s Cray.

Pinna of fertile Frond—under side.

ASPIDIUM CARYOTIDEUM.
WALLICH.

PLATE XLIII1.
Cyrtomium caryotideum, Moons.
Aspidium—Shield Fern. Caryotideum—............ P
In tHE Secrion Cyrtomium or AuTHORS.

A HANDSOME rare Fern, said to be as large as Cyrtomium
falcatum.

An evergreen stove species.

Native of the East Indies.

Raised from spores by Mr. Nilson Saunders, of Reigate,
‘Treasurer of the Royal Horticultural Society.

Fronds pinnate; two ascending pinne, and a wider ultimate
one. Habit similar to that of Cyrtomium falcatum.

Rhizoma erect and brown-scaled.

Length of frond twenty-four inches; length of pinne from
four to six inches.

‘The fronds for illustration were forwarded by Mr. R. Sim,
Nurseryman, Foot’s Cray, Kent.

Pinna of mature Frond.

ASPLENIUM FOLIOLOSUM.

WALLICH.

PLATE XLIV.

Athyrium foliolosum, Moors.
Asplenium macrocarpum, Buome. Hooker. J. Smirn.
(Wot of Desvaux, Fes, or TEvFarr.)
sf decipiens, METTENIvs.
Aspidium foliolosum, Watticu.
se dubium, Wattica.
“« fimbriatum, Wattuicn.
« squarrosum, WaALttLica.
sé lanceum, Kunze.
Polystichum fimbriatum, PreEst.
Lastrea macrocarpa, Moore.

Asplenium—Spleenwort. Foiiolosum—Leafy.

In tHe Secrion ATHYRIUM oF AUTHORS.

A DISTINCT, rare species.
An evergreen stove Fern.
Native of the East Indies, Java, and Ceylon.
Raised at Foot’s Cray, from East Indian spores.
Fronds bipinnate, Sub-coriaccous, and glabrous, with ovate-
lanceolate, lax-habited, almost pendant fronds, which are stout
P

108 ASPLENIUM FOLIOLOSUM.

in texture, shining, and smooth. Stipes longish. Pinnules
sessile; apex obtusely crenate.

Rhizoma stout, erect, and clothed with dark brown scales.

Length of frond from twelve to eighteen inches; width about
six inches. Length of pinne about three inches.

Sori serial and large.

For fronds I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray,
Kent.

M ANGULARE.

GYMNOGRAMMA IRM Ap ADP IEE:

Var. Truncatum.

Mature Frond—under side.

GYMNOGRAMMA RUTAFOLIA.
Desvaux. Hooker anp GREVILLE. Moore.

PLATE XLV.-—A.

Gymnogramme rutefolia, J. Suiru.
Grammitis rutefolia, R. Brown.

Gymnogramma—Naked writing, in allusion to the sori.
Rutefolia—Rue-leaved.

A curious dwarf Fern, having somewhat the appearance
of our British Asplenium ruta-muraria.

An evergeeen greenhouse species.

Native of Australia.

Raised from spores both by Mr. Joseph Henderson, of
Wentworth, and Mr. Young, of Taunton.

The fronds are simple, hirsute, and pinnate, having flabellato-
cuneate pinne, lobed and cuneated.

Length of frond from two to three inches.

Sori in several lines, sometimes forked on either side of the
small pinne.

For a plant and fronds my thanks are due to Mr. Joseph
Henderson, of Wentworth, Yorkshire.

110

ASPIDIUM ANGULARE, Var. TRuNcatum.
Lowe.

PLATE XLV.

B.
Polystichum angulare, var. truacatum, Moore.
Aspidium—Shield Fern. Angulare—Angular. Truncatum—Truncate.
Ix THE SECTION Paueqenen or AUTHORS.

Tuis remarkable variety of a handsome British species was
originally found in Ireland, but has since been raised from
spores in various ferneries. Its distinguishing features are the
truncated form of the fronds and pinne.

The frond terminates abruptly. The pinne are short, with
from three to four pairs of pinnules, terminating with a fan-
shaped pinnule, the remainder of the pinnules being palmatcly
lobed and deeply toothed.

Veins ramose; venules simple or furcate.

Sori sub-medial, almost marginal.

Length of frond from nine to eighteen inches, breadth from
two to three inches. Colour deep green above, much paler
beneath. Stipes very scaly.

The coriaccous texture of the fronds, and their abrupt. ter-
mination, as well as those of the pinne and the palmately
lobed pinnules, render this highly-interesting Fern very distinct.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden.

Laciniatam,

ALVI

Portion of mature Frond - under side.

POLYPODIUM FLEXILE.

Moore. HENFREY.

PLATE SN 1.-—A.

Polypodium alpestre, var. flexile, Linpiey anD Moors.

Pseudathyrium flexile, Newman.

Phegopteris flexilis, J. Smita.
Polypodium—Polypody. Flexile—Bending.

A VERY pretty and distinct hardy British Fern, more slen-
der and flaccid than Polypodium alpestre, narrower fronded,
the pinne being shorter, and the pinnules much less numerous.

Pinne brief, spreading, deflexed, having six to eight pairs
of pinnules. Pinnules oblong and narrowing below; distantly
toothed.

Stipes very brief.

Sori chiefly at the base of the frond, six or eight on a
pinnule. Apex barren.

Length of frond from six to sixteen inches.

Found in Glen Prosen, Clova Mountains, by Mr. Backhouse.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. Stansfield, of the Vale
Gardens, Todmorden.

112

POLYPODIUM FLEXILE, Var. Laciyrtum.
STANSFIELD, MS.
PLATE XLVI.—B.
Polypodium—Polypody. Flexile—Bending. Laciniatum—F olded.,

THis very pretty variety of Polypodium flexile is quite dis-
tinct.

It was raised from spores in 1858, in the fernery of Messrs.
Stansfield, ‘todmorden, near Manchester.

It is easily distinguished from Polypodium flexile by its
densely set and laciniated pinne.

The pinne are recurved towards the base of the stipes, brief,
and rounded at the end; the pinnules decurrent, variously
toothed or laciniated, and densely set.

Veins branched; venules simply furcate.

Sori medial and covered with an indusium, as in the
Athyrium family; indeed this and the normal form seem to be
as closcly connected with Athyrium as with Polypodium.

Length of frond from four to nine inches, and about an
inch broad.

For fronds my thanks are due to Messrs. Stansfield, of
Todmorden.

NES AEN) VegtAaw Mi tr IU PRAGUIS, SC | I I nr VULGA RY

r. Furcans are he

115

CYSTOPTERIS FRAGILIS, Var. Furcans.
Moore.
PLATE XLVII.—A.
Cystopteris—Bladder-Fern. Fragilis—Frail. Furcans—Forked.
;

Tus charming, distinct, and constant Fern was found on
Ben Lawers, in 1858, by Mr. James Horsfall, of Todmorden.
It is distinguished from the normal form by the furcations of
the fronds and pinne.

The fronds are once or twice forked at their apices.

The pinne, which are pinnatifid, are forked at their apices,
the pinnules are obtusely-ovate, toothed, and sometimes furcate.

The venation and sori as in Cystopteris fragilis.

Fronds from four to nine inches in length, and from one to
two inches broad.

For the illustration my obligations are due to Mr. Stansfield,
of Todmorden.

114

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. Rentrore.
Moore.
PLATE XLVII.—~B.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare—Common. Reniforme—
Kidney-shaped.

Tue Scolopendrium reniforme is one of the curious and highly-
capricious forms of the variety variabile of Moore.

It was gathered in Devonshire, in 1850, by Mr. D. Hillman,
and has also been found at Oldstead, by Mr. C. Monkman, and
in the Channel Islands, by Mr. James, of Vauvert.

The fronds are abrupt, and often truly kidney-shaped. Other
forms of fronds are occasionally produced variously lobed, and
others again approaching the normal form.

The veins radiating from the top of the stipes, twice furcate,
and free.

Sori normal.

Length of frond from one to four inches, breadth from one
to two inches,

For a plant my thanks are due to Mr. James, of Vauvert,
and for fronds to Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden.

Var. Willisonn.
uptum,

XLVI

115

ASPLENIUM MARINUM, Var. Internuproum.
Monxman, MS.

PLATE XLVIII.—A,
Asplenium—Spleenwort. Marinum—Sea. Interruptum—Tnterrupted.

Tris plant was found along with the varicty trapeziforme,
(of which it is a sport,) about four years ago, some five or six
miles north of Scarborough, on the high moorland cliff of that
very wild part of the Yorkshire coast.

Like Asplenium marinum, var. trapeziforme, the variety in-
terruptum has a somewhat more dwarf habit than that of the
normal form of the species. It is thick and leathery in texture,
whilst in general outline it is exactly analogous to Cysptopteris
interrupta.

Length of frond nine or ten inches; breadth in the normal
parts one inch and a half to one inch and three quarters.

The pinne are very irregular in form, some being much de-
pauperate, occasionally a mere midrib, and frequently wanting.

Every frond varies, usually about half the pinna is of the
type of the variety trapeziforme.

‘The venation resembles that in the normal form, except in
being confused in the depauperate portions, as is always the
case. Fertile.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. C. Monkman, of Malton,
Yorkshire.

ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS, Var. WILLISONII.

Lowe.

PLATE XLVITIL.—B.
Lastrea filix-mas, var. willisonii, Staysrietp, MS.

Aspidium—Shield-Fern. Filir-inas—Male-Fern. Willisonii—Named
after Mr. Willison, the discoverer.

In tue Secrion Lastrea or AUTHORS.

Tas singular variety of the British Male-Fern was discovered,
in 1859, near Whitby, Yorkshire, by Mr. Willison.

The fronds are narrow and attenuated, the pinne are also
narrow and prolonged. Pinnules short, somewhat croded, and
decurrent.

Length of frond from twelve to twenty-four inches.

My thanks are due to Mr. C. Monkman, of Malton, for a
frond of this varicty.

5

scu.

XLIX

[}

AQIULI

A

117

PTERIS AQUILINA, Var. Escuventa.
Ivor.
PLATE XNLIX.

Pleris esculenta, Forster. Swartz. Laapieparvigre.
oa “ Scuxunr. WittpEexow. Brown.
Birume. Enpiicner. Agarpa.

“6 on

ee semthastata, Watticn. AGaRDU.
“ densa, Watticu.
ee arachnoides, Kautruss. Konze. Acarpn.
ee lorigera, WALLICH.
Pleris—Brake. Aquitina—Fagle-like. Esculenta—Katable.

A prerry, narrow, slender variety of the Common Brakes,
and more especially abundant in the southern hemisphere.

Native of Australia, New Zealand, Society Islands, ‘Tasmania,
Yorfolk Island, Feejee Islands, ‘lropical America, Jamaica, Peru,
Venezuela, Guiana, Galipagos, Brazil, India, Borneo, and the
Indian Archipelago.

In this variety the fronds are usually glabrous, the pinnules
distant, narrow-linear, the superior pinnules mostly decurrent
and confluent, the portion that is decurrent forming a shallow
rounded auricle.

Length from twelve to twenty-four inches.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. J. Smith, Curator of
the Royal Gardens, Kew, and to Mr. G. Norman, of Hull.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE

Var. Ramosim-majus

L

119

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. Ramosum-masus.

Moore.
PLATE I.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare—Common.
Ramosum-majus—Large-branched.

A HANDSOME vigorous-growing variety, ramose in habit, two
or three united by their stipes into one compound or ramose
frond. Stipites thick. A constant permanent variety. ‘The
frond usually undulate or subundulate, and the margin slightly
crenate.

Sori long and narrow.

Length of frond twelve or more inches, breadth one to two
inches.

Raised from spores in the Fernery of Mr. Clapham, of
Scarborough.

For fronds I am indebted to Mr. Clapham, of Scarborough;
Mr. Monkman, of Malton; and Messrs. Stansficld, of Todmorden.

VULGARE

tum,

Var. Sagittato-crista

striatum,

Sublineato-

Var.

Ll

121

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE,

Var. SUBLINEATO-STRIATUM.

PLATE LIA.

Scolopendrium—Hart's-tongue. Vulgare—Common.
Sublineato-striatum—Almost linear-striated.

A VERY interesting variety, much cut, and very irregular on
the margin. .

The fronds are crenately lacerated on the edges, and mar-
gined with a line along the under surface of the frond.

This Fern differs from the other submarginate varieties in
having raised lines and stria across the upper surface of the
frond.

Sori bold, near the margin, with small detached portions
almost marginal.

Length about twelve inches, breadth from one to two inches.

Veins darker, giving the frond a striped appearance. Apex
of frond pointed.

It was gathered in Devonshire by Mr. Hillman, a well-known
collector of Ferns.

For fronds my thanks are due to Messrs. Stansfield, Vale
Gardens, Todmorden.

Jee

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE,

Var. SAGITTATO-CRISTATUM.

Moore.

PLATE LI.-—B.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare— Common.
Sagittato-cristatum—Arrow-shaped and cristate.

A HANDSOME variety, arrow-shaped at the base.

The fronds are slightly undulated or wavy, and dichotomously
divided, the apices multifid, broad, and somewhat cristate and
striate. Basal lobes sagittate. Somewhat inconstant.

Tt was found by Mr. A. Clapham, near Scarborough.

A much finer and quite constant form has since been found in
Devonshire, in 1859, by Mr. Hillman. In this varicty the lobes
are truly sagittate, and sometimes cristate, and the fronds are
terminated by a corymbose tassel, frequently nine inches across.

Mr. Clapham’s form is about twelve inches in length, and
three inches in breadth at the apex.

My thanks are due to Mr. Stansficld, of Todmorden, for
fronds.

123

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. ContrActum.

PLATE LII.—A.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare—Common.
Contractum—Contracted.

In this singular Fern the fronds are multifidly tufted at their
apices. Below the apex the frond is contracted to one half the
usual breadth, or even less.

Sori in the crenatures, slightly above, as well as on the under
surface of the frond.

Length from nine to twelve inches, breadth two inches.

Found in the Island of Guernsey by Mr. Jackson, and at
Nettlecombe by Mr. Elworthy.

My thanks are due to Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden, for
fronds.

SCOLOPENDRIUM VULGARE, Var. SuprRAsoRIFERUM.

PLATE LII.—BsB.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tongue. Vulgare—Common.
Suprasoriferum—Soriferous above.

A rorm of the variety Crenato-lobatum of Moore. Crenately
lobed on the margin, bearing sori on the upper as well as on
the under surface of the frond; below the sori bold.

Crenately lobed. Fronds broad.

Length twelve or more inches, breadth from one to two
inches.

Forms of this Fern have been found in many places in
Great Britain.

My thanks are due to Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden, for
fronds.

R

Apex of Trond.

SCGLOPENDRIUM VULGARE,
Var. CRENATO-MULTIFIDUM.

Scolopendrium—Hart’s-tonune. Fulgare—Common.
Crenato-muliifiduin—Crenate multifid.

A winpsome form of the Hart’s-tongue Fern, gathered by
several persons in various limestone districts.

Crenate on the margins, with a marginal line on the undcr
surface, and multifidly furcate at the apex. Narrow, and apices
pointed. Very scaly, especially near the midrib.

Length from twelve to twenty-four inches, and from one
inch to one inch and a quarter broad.

To My. Stansfield, of Todmorden, my thanks are due for
fronds.

UM.

DILAT A

l

IDIUM

Var. Lepidotum.

LIII

ASPIDIUM DILATATUM, Var. Luprporum.
PLATE LIItT.
Lastrea dilatata, var. lepidota, Moors.
Aspidium—Shield Fern. Dilatatum—S8pread out. Lepidotum—Sealy.
Ix rue Secrion Listres or AvUTHoRs.

A very remarkable variety of the Broad Prickly-toothed
Buckler Fern.

It was found in Yorkshire six or seven years ago, and
procured from Mr. Stark, of Edinburgh.

The fronds are very broadly ovate in form, quadripinnate,
the ultimate pinnules being pinnatifid, toothed, and small in
size.

Stipes and rachis densely scaly.

So different is this Fern, that Mr. Moore gave it the MS.
name of Lastrea lepidota, believing it to be a distinct species.

Length of frond eighteen inches.

It is a more divided Fern than any other British Aspidium.

My thanks are duc to Mr. Edwin Cooling, of Derby, for the
frond from which the illustration is taken.

=-MAS

LVS SE) Tee

AS Ds

LIV

ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS, Var. Acrociapon.

PLATE LIV.

Lastrea filiz-mas, var. acrocladon, CrapHam, MS.

Aspidium—Shield Fern. Filiz-mas—Male Fern.
Acrocladon—Branched ends.

In tHE Section Lastrea or AUTHORS.

A veERY beautiful variety of the Male Fern, raised from
spores by Mr. Clapham, of Scarborough. The fronds are
elegant in shape, the pinnules deeply incised, and the apices
of the pinne multifid, being most so at the base of the frond,
and scarcely so at the upper portion, near the apex.

Length of frond two feet.

My thanks are due to Mr. Clapham, of Scarborough, for the
frond figured.

au
AR
i
3
Vines <n
Conc |
Hivers
ene
°
) [ ASV ie EMO IES TG ee MINA,

Var. Laciniaturn,

LV

129

ASPIDIUM FILIX-MAS, Var. CristaTuM-ANGUSTATUM.

PLATE LV mAs

Lastrea filix-mas, var. cristata-angustata, Moors.

Aspidium—Shield Fern. Filiz-mas—Male Fern.
Cristatum-angustatum—Narrow crested.

In tHe Secrion Lasrrea or AUTHORS.

‘mE present variety is exceedingly distinct from the beautiful
multifid varicty, erestatum. ‘The frond is remarkably narrow,
nearly linear, bemg only from an inch to an inch and a half
in width. ‘The pinne are crested, except the upper portion
of the frond, and the extreme point is tasseled.

he stem is covered with reddish brown scales.

Length of frond twelve to eighteen inches.

‘This varicty was raised from spores by Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s
Cray, and is quite constant.

My thanks are due to Mr. Cooling, Nurseryman, Mile Ash,
Derby, for the frond figured.

130

ASPLENIUM FILIX-FQ@MINA, Var. Lactnratum.

PLATE LV.—B.
Athyrium filiz-femina, var. laciniata, Moore.

Asplenium—Spleenwort. Filiz-femina—Lady Fern.
Laciniatum—Laciniated.

In tue Section Atuyrium or AUTHORS.

Tuis curious variety of our Lady Fern was found at
Nettlecombe, by Mr. Elworthy.

For further information regarding the varieties of the Lady
Fern, see vol. v, pages 87 to 89, of Lowe’s “Natural History
of Ferns,” and pages 31, 33, 34, and 97 of the;{j present
volume.

It is small in size, and irregular in form. The pinne
are sometimes caudate, sometimes premorse, and at others quite
short. The pinnules are also very variable in size and form;
they are decurrent, and very irregularly laciniated.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. Edwin Cooling, of
the Mile Ash Nursery, Derby.

\SPIDIUM ANGULARS

Var. Aristabum.

LVI

131

ASPIDIUM ANGULARE, Var. ARISTATUM.
PLATE LVI.
Polystichum angulare, var. aristatum, Moore.
Aspidium—Shield Fern. Angulare—Angled. Aristatum—Awned.
In toe Section Porysticuum or AuTHoRs.

THE above Fern was found in Sussex, by Mr. Wollaston,
and subsequently near Burnley, Lancashire, by Mr. Stansfield.

Its destructive feature is in the bristly points of the serra-
tures being more developed than usual, and turning upwards.
The stipes is proliferous.

It is a pretty Fern.

For additional information on the varieties of angulare, see
vol. vi, pages 68 to 71, of Lowe’s “‘Natural History of Ferns,”
and pages 67 and 110 of the present volume.

My thanks are due to Mr. Stansfield, of Todmorden, for
the frond figured.

Pinna of barren Frond.

PTERIS AREOLATA.
Lowe.
PLATE LVII,
Litobrochia areolata, Moors.
Pleris—Brake. Areoluta—Name in reference to the areoles.
In tue Secrion Lirosprocuta or AUTHORS.

A NEW and rare species, introduced by Mr. R. Sim, of
Foot’s Cray, having been raised from East Indian spores in
1858. It is considered by Mr. Moore to be an undescribed
species.

The fronds are nearly erect, and about eighteen inches in
length; pinnato-pinnatifid; sparingly proliferous on the rachis.
Stipes long, namely, nine inches. Vhe crown slightly scaly,
the scales being greyish in colour. The basal pinne are
bipartite. Pinne opposite; the segments of the pinne falcate,
bluntish, and somewhat distant.

Width of frond five inches; colour very bright green.

134 PTERIS AREOLATA.

The fronds are remarkable for the large areoles along the
costa, and also along the costules.

Sori linear, continuous, and marginal. Fertile fronds more
contracted, and pretty. Veins reticulated.

For fronds I am indebted to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray,
Kent.

. =,
Ares.

x ne
vi wh

BLECHNUM LAVIGATUM

LVILL

fertile Frond.

BLECHNUM LAVIGATUM.

CAVANILLES. Hooker. Swartz. WILLDENOW. DeEsvAvUx.
R. Brown. Moors. SprenceL. Kunze.

PLATE LVIII.

Lomaria scabra, Kavunruss. Presi. Fer.
Orthogramma levigata, PREst.

Blechnum ambiguum, Kautruss. Prest.
Parablechnum ambiguum, Prest.

Lomaria ambigua, Fer.

Blechnum—From Blechnon, the Greek name for a Fern.
Levigatum—Smooth.

A Most interesting species from Port Jackson, New South
Wales.

Introduced into this country by Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray,
in 1859.

The fronds are oblong-ovate, truncate at the base, and pinnate;
the sterile fronds spreading, and the fertile ones erect; the
pinne spreading, sub-opposite below, alternate above; sessile
and dentate-serrate. There are from fifteen to twenty-one
pinne, the terminal one large. The sterile pinne elliptical,
and obtusely acuminate, rosy in colour while young; the fertile
pinne erect, much contracted, being linear and more distant;

136 BLECHNUM LASVIGATUM.

also pinnate, their width varying from one cighth to a quarter
of an inch.

Veins simple, or once or twice forked.

Sori broad and costal, with broad involucres.

Caudex stout, erect, and covered with large, shaggy, lanceolate,
pale ferruginous scales.

Stipes light brown, scaly at the base, and from six to twelve
inches in length.

Fronds from ten to eighteen inches in length. Length of
pinne from two to two and a half inches, except the ultimate
pinna, which is twice this length.

The copious pellucid dots on the pinne render this an
interesting object for the microscope.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s
Cray Nursery, Kent.

Pinna—under side.

ASPIDIUM DENTICULATUM.
Swartz. (Not of WAtLticu.)
PLATE_LIX,

Lastrea denticulata, Moore. J. Smite. Prest.”
Polystichum denticulatum, J. Smiru.

Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Denticulatum—Toothed.
Ix THE Secrion Lasrrea or AUTHORS.

Tuts very handsome, dwarf, Davallia or Polystichum-looking
Fern is a native of Jamaica.

A stove species, introduced into this country by Mr. R.
Sim, of Foot’s Cray, in the year 1859.

Fronds tripinnate, cuneate in form. Habit more spreading
than erect; crown erect, and freely covered with reddish or
brownish scales.

Length of frond from nine to twelve inches, of which the
stipes occupies one half.

138 ASPIDIUM DENTICULATUM.

Pinnez sub-opposite below, alternate above; pinnules cuneate
at the base, and sharply dentate at their apices.

The pinne and fronds narrowing to a point at their apices.

Colour bright green; glabrous.

Rachis and stipes greenish; rounded below and fluted above.

Veins branching.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s
Cray Nursery.

RCA TA,

Wes

sega cd

* MM ty, Dy Ms g Ward. ft

a
lives ply \ eke
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NX
Frond reduced. qj
GLEICHENIA FURCATA.
Swartz. J. SMITH.
PLATE LX.
Gleichenia pubescens, var. glabra, Hooker.
Mertensia furcata, Swartz.
Acrostichum furcatum, Linnevs.
Polypodium Hf Swartz.

i

TWO

Gleichenta—Named in honour of Baron P. F. Von Gleichen, a German

Botanist. Furcata—Forked.

In roe Section Mervrensta or AUTHORS.
T

140 GLEICHENIA FURCATA.

A vERY interesting, handsome, stove species from the West
Indies. Introduced by Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, and also
received at the Royal Gardens, Kew, at about the same time.
Mr. Smith announced this Fern as the Gleichenta furcata of
Swartz; but Sir W. J. Hooker has figured it in his “Species
Filicum,” as a glabrous variety of G. pubescens, of Willdenow.

The rhizomes of these species are nearly as robust as, and by
no means unlike those of G. flabellata.

It is a large species, probably attaining the height of four
or five feet, and the abundant dichotomes are very leafy.

Stipes round; fronds repeatedly dichotomous leafy; pinne
pinnatifid, ascending; lanceolate-acuminate in form; segments
horizontal and linear obtuse. Somewhat glabrous beneath.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s

Cray Nursery, Kent.

Frond reduced.

PTERIS PROLIFERA.

Lowe.

Moore.

Pleris cretica, var. prolifera,

142 PLTERIS PROLIFERA.

Pteris—Brake. Proiifera—Proliferous.

Accorpine to Mr. T. Moore, this is a variety of the Pterts
eretica, figured in Vol. III, Plate XLIII, of my “Natural
History of Ferns;” there are, however, characters about it so
markedly different from Pteris cretica, that J think it may at
all events be provisionally raised to the rank of a species; and
as I believe there is no Pleris prolifera, I have adopted Mr.
Moore’s name in part.

A stove Fern from the East Indies.

Introduced by Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s Cray, in 1858.

Crown erect; scales few, small, close, and greyish. Stipes
glandular.

The seedling plants, and the tiny bulbils on the coste of
the pinne, are streaked like those of Pteris aspericaulis, P.
tricolor, etc.

Length of barren frond six to nine inches, of fertile frond
nearly twelve inches. Colour pale green, red when young.

Fronds pinnate. Sori marginal.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s
Cray, Kent.

ASPIDIUM TRIANGULUM, Var. Laxoum.

HOoKER.

Moorg. J. Smira.

Polystichum triangulum, var. laxum,

144 ASPIDIUM TRIANGULUM, VAR. LAXUM.

Aspidium—The Shield Fern. Triangulum—Triangular.
Var. lacum—Lax variety.

In roz Secrion Ponysticoum o¥ AUTHORS.

AN exceedingly handsome, stove, very scaly Fern, introduced
into this: country in 1859, from spores, by Mr. Sim, of
Foot’s Cray, from Jamaica.

The habit is pretty, and tufted. The fronds are narrow,
linear, with small, sharp-pointed, triangular, or subtrapeziform
pinne, and having a few large, spiny, recurved segments at
the base.

It resembles Polystichum triangulum, but has more divided
fronds.

Crown erect, stout, and fawny-scaled.

Sparingly proliferous.

Length of frond from fifteen to eighteen imches. Colour
rich green. Width in widest part an inch.

The normal form of this Fern is figured on Plate XXXI—
B, Vol. VI, of my ‘Natural History of Ferns,’ under the
name of Aspidium mucronatum, Swartz.

For fronds my thanks are due to Mr. R. Sim, of Foot’s
Cray, Kent.

oO

i ee
Wt abe css
pra |
FESR

ADIANTUM SULPHURBSUM.
LXl

ADIANTUM SULPHUREUM.

Kautruss, Hooker. Kunze.
PLATE LNI.
Adiantum—Dry. Sulphareum—Sulphurcous.

A LOVELY very rare Fern.

Native of Chili, Conception, and Peru.

The fronds, which are ovate in form, are tripinnate; the
pinnules, which are small, are obovate-reniform, petiolulate,
glabrous, membranaceous; deep green on the upper surface,
and covered with a shining yellow pulverulent substance
underneath.

Sori copious, contiguous, situated in the notch, and somewhat
reniform in shape.

Stipes and rachis glabrous and ebeneous.

There are two varieties; in the one (var. ménus) the pinnules
are small, and the sori reniform, the length of frond being
from four to five inches; in the other (var. majus) the pinnules
are larger, the sori oblong-reniform, and the length of frond
twelve inches.

I believe this species is not in any collection in a living
state in this country except in that of Mr. Backhouse, of York.

The frond illustrated was kindly sent by Mr. Backhouse.

TRICHOMANES SCANDENS. ee, LGL DU Me

Var. Pulchellam.

147

TRICHOMANES SCANDENS.

Linnzus. Hooker. Swartz. WILLDENOW. SLOANE.
(Not of Hepwic or PLuMier.)

PLATE LXII.—A.
Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Scandens—Climbing.

A Lovey delicate stove species, climbing very rapidly on
trees.

Native of Jamaica and Mexico.

The fronds are bipinnate, ovate-acuminate in form, and
curving; the pinne, which are lanceolate, are bipinnatifid, the
ultimate pinne decurrent; segments oblong, margin ciliated;
involucres small, and quite buried in the brief lateral segments.
Obscurely two-lipped, the lips spreading.

Costa, rachis, and stipes covered with tawny hairs; caudex
long, brownish, creeping, and tomentose.

Length of frond from fifteen to cighteen inches. Colour
very pale green.

Cultivation. A humid airy atmosphere, with a temperature
of from 50° to 70°.

Found creeping on Tree Ferns and palms.

My thanks are due to Mr. Backhouse, of York, for the
frond illustrated. This well-known Nurseryman has a magnifi-
cent collection of Trichomanes and Hymenophyllums, many of
them exceedingly handsome, and not to be found in any other
collection in this country.

1s

TRICHOMANES RIGIDUM, Var. PULCHELLUM.

Swartz. Hooxer. HeEpwic.
Witipenow. (Not of Kiorzsca, Rappi, or WALLICcH. )

PLATE LXII.—f.

Trichomanes pyramidale, WatticH.
te achilleifolium, WILLDENOW.
st mandioccanum, Ravppt.
obscurum, Buume. J. Situ.
Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Rigidum—Rigid.

A rine tropical Fern, from Jamaica, Dominica, Martinique,
Brazil, Peru, Quito, Mauritius, Islands in the Pacific, Philippine
Islands, and Ceylon.

The fronds, which are broadly ovate, thick, and rigid, are
bipinnate; the pinnules lengthy lanceolate, cuneate; ultimate
segments varying in size, subacute, and either simple or bifid,
very narrow and rounded.

Involucres supra-axillary on the inner margin of the lower
segments, frec, the mouth entire, and not two-lipped.

Rachis terete, wingless, or with a narrow wing.

Fronds nine to twelve inches in length; the stipes from four
to six inches, sometimes more, being half the length of the
whole frond. Colour dark green.

Sori numerous.

Fronds erect, on round wiry stalks.

Requires a very humid but airy atmosphere, with a tem-
perature varying between 55° and 80°.

There is a variety with broader and more crowded divisions.
The typical form has nearly flat and somewhat dense fronds.

My thanks are due to Messrs. J. Backhouse and Son, of
York, fur the frond illustrated.

SSI.

KAULFU

lia

PLUMa.

TRICHOMANKS

TL Nt

149

TRICHOMANES PLUMA.
Hooker.
PLATE LXIII.—A.
Trichomanes—F rom the Greek, soft hair. Pluma—aA feather.

Tunis exceedingly beautiful rare species was found near
Sarawak, in Borneo, by Mr. Thomas Lobb, the indefatigable
traveller of Messrs. Veitch, of the Exotic Nurseries, Exeter
and Chelsea.

The fronds, which are lanceolate, are tripinnate to quadri-
pinnate, the branches minutely reticulated, and beset with
brief rigid hairs. The segments are all hair-like, and stand
out on all sides, forming a thickened mass. The involucres
are very small, and the receptacle unusually long and thick.

Caudex creeping, thick, short, and setaceo-squamose.

Stalks wiry and erect; fronds rigid.

Length of frond from nine to fifteen inches.

Found growing amongst decayed logs and moss.

Requires an exceedingly humid atmosphere, and a tempera-
ture ranging between 50° and 70°.

My thanks are due to Messrs. J. Backhouse and Son,
Nurserymen, York, for the frond illustrated.

150

TRICHOMANES KAULFUSSII.

Hooker AND GREVILLE.

PLATE LXIII.—B.
Trichomanes lucens, Hooker anp GREvVILLE, (excl. syn.)

Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. KaulfussiicNamed after
Kaulfuss, a celebrated cryptogamic botanist.

Tuts handsome erect species is from Jamaica, St. Vincent,
British Guiana, Dominica, and St. Thomas.

It requires a very moist firm soil and a humid close
atmosphere, with a range in temperature from 65° to 85°.

The fronds are narrow, approximate, somewhat hairy, sub-
bipinnatifid, rachis broadly winged. Segments approximate,
horizontal, lanceolate, rigid, lobato-dentate; lobes brief and
blunt. Pinne mostly opposite.

Involucres abundant, cylindrical, cup-shaped, entirely sunk in
the segment, the mouth slightly spreading. Receptacles filiform
and much exserted. Stalks hairy; stipes winged; rhizoma
thick and very short.

Length of frond from nine to eighteen inches. Colour dull
green.

My thanks are offered to Messrs. Backhouse and Son, of
York, for the frond illustrated.

»,

B
Gome
LADIVETST rs
A Epc | |
- |
TRICHOMANES BEXSECTUM, T. ELAGANS.

LXIV

151

TRICHOMANES EXSECTUM.
Kunze. TlooKer.
PLATE LXIV.—A.
Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Exsectum—Cut out.

A most lovely creeping Fern, hanging pendant from the
roofs of damp caverns.

Native of Juan Fernandez and Southern Chili.

The fronds are extremely delicate and membranaceous, and
resemble thin, flat, much branched, green sea-weed; flaccid,
oblong-pinnate, the pinne being bipinnatifid; segments narrow,
linear, smooth, and simple or bifid obtuse. Stalks slender and
wiry.

Involucres oblong, buried in the frond; mouth spreading,
almost two-lipped.

Rachis and stipes winged above, naked below.

Caudex creeping.

Length of frond from four to fourteen inches, width some-
times six inches; vivid green in colour.

Cultivation. A very humid rather close atmosphere, with a
temperature ranging from 40° to 65°.

To Messrs. Backhouse and Son, Nurserymen, York, I am
indebted for the frond illustrated.

Portion of barren Frond.

TRICHOMANES ELEGANS.
Rupee. Hooker.
PLATE LXIV.—B.
Hynenostachys diversifrons, Bory.

Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Elegans—Elegant.

A most distinct Fern, from Guiana, Gorgona, Panama, and
Pacific side of Central America.

This most elegant and singular species forms tufts of very
deep green, drooping, shining, sterile fronds; which are
pinnatifid, about four inches in length, with a stipes of two
or three inches, being much shorter than the fertile fronds.
The form is broadly lanceolate, segments almost horizontal,
crowded, lanceolate, subfalcate, the edge serrated. Frequently
caudate and proliferous at the apex. Width of frond an inch and
a quarter to an inch and a half. Tufted. Veins reticulated.

The fertile fronds, which are from six to twelve inches in
length, are very different to the sterile ones, being extremely
narrow and undivided; situated on erect stalks. Width not half
an inch, having forked transverse veins and closely-united invol-
ucres, forming the edge on each side, which is fringed with
the coarse hair-like, abundant, slender, lengthy, filiform recep-
tacles. Length of stipes about half that of the frond.

Colour deep green, and glistening.

Requires a very humid close atmosphere, with a range of
temperature from 65° to 80°.

My thanks are due to Messrs, Backhouse, for fronds.

TRICHOMANES ANCHEPS.

LXV

TRICHOMANES ANCEPS.

Hooker. (Not of WAtuicu.)

PLATE LXY.
Trichomanes elegans, Ricwarp.
#6 rigidun, KuorzscuH.
s achilleafolium, J.Suitu. (Not of Wit.penow.)
e villosum? Watticn.
Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Anceps—Doubtful.

A Most magnificent species.

A stove Fern.

Native of Brazil, Dominica, Guiana, Gorgona, Singapore,
East Indies, and Philippine Islands.

The fronds are pinnate, and broadly ovate in form; the
pinne bi-tripinnatifid and distant; segments linear, simple, or
bifid. Pinne remote, sometimes six inches in length.

Stipes from six to eight inches in length, erect and hairy,
and more or less winged. MRachis very broad.

Fronds from twelve to twenty-four inches in length; dark
green, almost black, opaque, dense, firm, and nearly smooth
and rigid.

Involucres supra-axillary and free, cylindrical in shape,
tapering below. Mouth entire, much spreading, and not two-
lipped.

Requires a very humid close atmosphere, with a temperature
ranging between 55° and 80°.

My thanks are due to Mr. J. Smith, of Kew, for fronds.

TRICHOMANES ATTENUATUM.
Tlooxer.
PLATE LXVI.
Trichomanes—F rom the Greek, soft hair. Atlenuatum—Attenuated.

An clegant Fern, growing on the trunks of trees. Very
distinct.

Native of Jamaica, Dominica, and St. Vincent.

Somewhat resembling Trichomanes alatum and T. kaulfuss¢i,
but smaller.

The fronds, which are erect, translucent, and tufted, are
ovate-lanceolate in shape, acuminate, and pinnatifid almost to
the rachis; segments spreading, linear-lanceolate, attenuated and
pinnatifid, membranaceous, flaccid, and shining.

Stipes densely hairy; rachis narrowly winged.

Involucres cuneate and cup-shaped, quite buried in the
segment of the frond; the mouth wide-spreading and _ two-lipped.
Receptacles much exserted.

Length of frond from four to six inches. Colour pale green.

Habit gracefully drooping.

Readily cultivated in a very moist close atmosphere, in a
temperature ranging between 55° and 80°.

My thanks are due to Mr. J. Smith, of the Royal Gardens,
Kew, and to Mr. James Backhouse, of York, for the fronds
for illustration.

TRICHOMANES ANGUSTATUM T,. TRICHOIDEUM T, SPICATUM.

LXVII

TRICHOMANES ANGUSTATUM.

CARMICHAEL. HOOKER AND GREVILLE. (Not of J. Smit.)

PLATE LXVII—A.

Trichomanes fuloum, Ktorzscu.
sf tenerum, SPRENGEL.
Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Angustatum—Narrow.

A very slender, delicate, creeping stove species.

Native of Tristan d’ Acunha, Brazil, Esmeraldas, El Equador,
Pichincha, Peru, and Gonga Sakoo.

Caudex creeping, slender, and matted. Fronds pinnate,
lanceolate in form, very flaccid, and graceful; the pinne
bipinnatifid; segments very narrow, smooth, simple or bifid.

Rachis and stipes slender, filiform, terete, naked, and hair-like.

Fronds from three to five inches in length.

Involucres urceolate-cylindrical, and sunk in the frond; the
mouth spreading and obscurely two-lipped.

Requires a very humid close atmosphere, with a temperature
ranging from 60° to 80°.

My thanks are due to Mr. J. Smith, of the Royal Gardens,
Kkew, for fronds.

15s

TRICHOMANES TRICHOIDEUM.
Swartz. WiLtiupexow. JF[vooker AND GREVILLE.

PLATE LXNVII—B.

Trichomanes pyxidiferum, ScuKunr,
“6 tenelluim, Hepwie.
Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Trichoideum—Sea-weed-like.

A most lovely, delicate-looking, slender, minute, thread-like
Fern; resembling the finest hair-like sea-weed.

Native of ‘Trinidad, Jamaica, Mexico, Vera Cruz, Xalapa,
and St. Domingo.

Caudex elongated and creeping.

Fronds broadly lanceolate, tripinnate; segments linear-capillary,
bifid or forked, very fine, scarcely as broad as the filiform
rachis.

Stipes very slender, from one to two inches in length.
Filiform.

‘The fronds from three to six inches in length. Colour pale
green.

Involucres termimal, on brief lateral scgments, stipitate,
urceolato-cylindrical, and large for the size of the frond. The
mouth spreading and entire.

Requires a close, very humid atmosphere, with a temperature
ranging from 55° to 80°.

‘The specimen illustrated was from the Island of Trinidad,
very narrow and minute in all its parts, and only one inch in
length. I am indebted for it to Mr. J. Smith, of the Royal
Gardens, Kew.

159

TRICHOMANES SPICATUM.

R. Hepwic. Hooker.

PLATE LAYII—C,

Trichomanes elegans, Rupes, (in part.) Hooker.
es spicisorum, Desvaux.
et osmundioides, Bory.
Feea polypodina, Bory.
Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Spicatum—Spiked.

A LOVELY Fern, resembling Trichomanes elegans, but smaller
in all its parts.

Native of Guiana, St. Vincent, Trinidad, Guadaloupe, and
Jamaica.

The sterile and fertile fronds dissimilar, the sterile ones shorter
than the fertile ones, pinnatifid, and broadly lanceolate in form;
segments almost horizontal, oblong in shape, the margin sinuato-
crenate; veins pinnate and free. Fertile frond linear, and a
spike; having distichous, free to the rachis, urceolate, stipitate
involucres. Fronds from three to six inches in length.

Climate required, airy and very humid, temperature from 55°
to 75°

My thanks are due to Mr. Smith, Curator of the Royal
Gardens, Kew, for fronds.

Fertile Fronds, natural size.

TRICHOMANES PYXIDIFERUM.

Linnazus. Swartz. WILLDENowW. Hepwia.
Hooker AND GREVILLE. (Not of Hupson or Scuxunr.)

Trichomanes pedicellatum, DEsvaux.

ss lacerum, Desvavx.

ce brasiliense, DEsvavx.
Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Pyxidif~erum—........0... Pp

A VARIABLE creeping Fern, growing on the trunks of palms
and other trees.
Native of the West Indian Islands, Brazil, and Peru:

162 TRICHOMANES PYXIDIFERUM.

The fronds oblong-ovate, bi-tripinnatifid, membranaccous,
shining, and almost transparent; segments linear, firm, flat,
smooth, and entire, the apices frequently emarginate.

Stipes winged. Length of frond from three to six inches.

Involucres solitary, subcylindrical, the base attenuated, axillary,
wholly buried in the segment; mouth broadly concave, scarcely
two-lipped; the receptacles filiform, of great length, and
considerably exserted.

Requires a rather close humid atmosphere, with a temperature
varying between 55° and 75°.

There are several varieties more divided than in the normal
form; in one the segments are crowded, and in another they
are broader.

My obligations are tendered to Mr. Smith, of Kew, for fronds.

Mature fertile Fronds, natural size.

TRICHOMANES PUSILLUM.

Swartz. Hepwic. Wiitpenow. Tlooker.

Didymoglossum pusillum, Desvavx.

Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Pusillum—Small.

Tus species is allied to Trichomanes muscoides, but is smaller
in size, being, in fact, a very minute Fern, creeping on the
stems of palms and other exotic plants.

Native of Jamaica and Trinidad.

The fronds, which are erect, are somewhat cuneate, narrowing
into a brief stipes; they are sub-bipinnatifido-lobate, costate,
and crowded together.

Caudex creeping and tomentose.

Veins dichotomous and subpinnated. Margins having stellated
hairs.

Involucres two-lipped, half buried in the lobe, cylindrical
and narrowing; exserted slightly.

Cultivation in a damp atmosphere, with a temperature ranging

between 55° and 75°.

My thanks are due to Mr. Smith, Curator of the Royal
Gardens, Kew, for plants.

'

uf

, 1
Arsh
ly ed

Mature Fronds, fertile.

TRICHOMANES KRAUSII.
HOOKER AND GREVILLE.

Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Krausii—Named
after Dr. Kraus.

A sMALL, elegant, creeping Fern, growing on the trunks of
trecs.

Native of Guiana, Trinidad, Dominica, St. Vincent, Jamaica,
Guadaloupe, Porto Rico, and Berbice.

Fronds profoundly pinnatifid almost to the rachis, oblong
in form, segments linear-oblong, obtuse, sinuate, occasionally
again pinnatifid; stellato-pillose in the sinuses; sessile or
stipitate; somewhat wedge-shaped at the base.

Involucres subcylindrical, base attenuated, much sunk in the
frond, two-lipped, the lips being semiorbicular, exserted, of
large size, and usually tipped with red.

Caudex creeping and very tomentose.

Fronds from one to three inches in length.

Requires a humid airy atmosphere, ranging from 50° to 75°
of temperature.

My thanks are due to Mr. Smith, for plants of this Fern.

Mature Fronds, natural size.

TRICHOMANES BOJERI.

HOOKER AND GREVILLE.
Trichomanes undulatum, WaALLICH.

Trichomanes—From the Greek, soft hair. Bojeri—After Bojer.

A very small species, clothing the trunks of ‘Tree Ferns and
palms.

Native of the Mauritius.

Fronds erect, simple, membranaccous, flabclliform, and lobed;
the lobes rounded, subcrenate, and soriferous; the margins
perfectly glabrous.

Veins flabellate and dichotomous. Stipes clongated.

Involucres subcylindrical, the base attenuated; entirely buried
in the frond, the mouth concave, spread out, scarcely two-lipped ;
the receptacles considerably exserted.

Caudex creeping and tomentose.

Requires a very humid atmosphere, ranging in temperature
between 60° and 80°.

My thanks are due to Mr. J. Smith, of Kew, for fronds.

HYMENOPHYLLUM GAUDICULATUM.

LXVILI

167

HYMENOPHYLLUM CAUDICULATUM.

Martius. Hooker.

PLATE LXVIILI.

Hymenophyllum—Membrane-leaved. Caudiculatum—From the
long caudate apices of the primary divisions, and of the fronds themselves.

A very handsome, erect-growing, large species, found in
Chili and Brazil, on mossy trees, and among decaying vegetable
matter.

The fronds, which are erect, smooth, translucent, and shining,
are ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, and tripinnatifid; the primary
divisions lanceolate, and, as well as the apices of the fronds,
long-caudate; pinne alternate; segments brief and entire.

Length of frond from nine to fifteen inches. Stipes slender
and broadly winged almost to the base. Colour of frond bright
green.

Involucres supra-axillary, large, orbicular, and free, two-valved
to the base, and entire.

Cultivated in an atmosphere rather close and very humid,
with a temperature ranging between 40° and 65°.

My thanks are due to Messrs. Backhouse, of York, for the
plant illustrated.

AUB)

CHILOENSE, ISP

HYMUENO

JILIATU M.

169

HYMENOPHYLLUM CHILOENSE.

Hooker.

PLATE LXIX—A.
Hymenophyllum—Membrane-leaved. Chiloense—Chili.

A sMALL, pendent, densely tufted species, carpeting trees
and rocks in woods of Southern Chili.

The fronds are broad at the base, lanceolate, sub-bipinnatifid;
segments broadly linear-obtuse, smooth above.

Involucres axillary, free, ovate, and toothed; valves semi-
orbicular.

Stipes glabrous and not winged.

Colour of frond dull green.

Requires a very humid atmosphere, with a temperature
ranging between 40° and 65°.

My obligations are offered to Messrs. Backhouse, of York,
for the plant illustrated.

HYMENOPHYLLUM CRISPATUM.

Hooker AND GREVILLE. WaALLICH.

PLATE LXIX—B.

Hymenophylium sanguinolentum, J. Suira. (Not Swarrz)
* flabellatum, Brown. (Noé LaBI,uarviere.)
= atrovirens, CoLENso.

Hymenophyllum—Membrane-leaved. Crispatum—Curled.

THis pretty species clothes the trunks of Tree Ferns, etc.,
in Tasmania and New Zealand. Also a native of Nepal,
Ceylon, and Luzon.

The fronds are broad, erect or curving, smooth, somewhat
dense, ovate, acuminate, and tripinnatifid; the segments linear-
obtuse. The fronds crisped, on winged stalks.

Length of frond from five to seven inches; colour deep
green.

Involucres terminal, occasionally on lateral segments, ovate
in form, copious, sessile, free, entire, and two-valved to the
base; valves convex.

Rhizoma as in Hymenophyllum flabellatum, but less elongated.

‘There are several forms of this Fern:—

Var. minus.—Has contracted-oblong fronds, with small fruc-
tification. It is from Ceylon. Smaller fronds.

Var. majus.—Broader fronds and larger fructification. From
Luzon.

Var. tasmanicum.—From Tasmania. Having shorter and
broader involucres.

Requires to be cultivated in a very humid, but airy atmosphere,
with a temperature ranging between 40° and 65°.

To Messrs. Backhouse, of York, my thanks are due for the
fronds illustrated.

171

HYMENOPHYLLUM CILIATUM.

Swartz. Hepwic. WiILipenow. Hooker.
(Not of ScHLECHTENDAL. )

PLATE LXIX—c.
ITymenophyllum-—Membrane-leaved. Ciliatum—Hairy.

A stove Fern from the West Indies, Brazil, Surinam, and
Mexico.

The fronds, which are bi-tripinnatifid, are somewhat oblong-
ovate in form, the segments lincar-obtuse, hairy throughout,
especially along the margin of the fronds, and on the costa.

Stipes mostly brief, but varying in length, winged, sometimes
almost to the base.

Fronds ranging from two to six inches in length.

Involucres broader than the segments, suborbicular, obliquely
cordate at the base.

Similar in habit to Hymenophyllum chiloense of Hooker, but
double the size. Fronds dense.

Requires a very humid atmosphere, ranging in temperature
from 50° to 75°.

I am indebted to Mr. J. Smith, Curator of the Royal Gardens,
Kew, for the plant illustrated.

HYMENOPHYLLUM DILATATUM.
LX

HYMENOPHYLLUM DILATATUM.
Swartz. Scmkunr. Wittpenow. Hooxer axp GREVILLE.
PLATE LXX.
Trichomanes dilatatum, Forster. Brune.
Hymenophyllum—Membrane-leaved. Dilatatum—Dilated.

One of the largest and most beautiful of this lovely genus,
growing among moss, decaying vegetable matter, and on rocks
and trunks of trees in woods of New Zealand and Java.

The fronds are large, broad, and oblong; erect, and tripin-
natifid; the primary divisions ovate-lanceolate; the segments
attenuated, gracefully drooping, and entire.

Stipes and rachis erect, pale green in colour, and winged.

Length of frond from fourteen to twenty inches; colour pale
green.

Involucres abundant on the upper half of the frond, ter-
minal, orbicular, the lower half cuneate, and buried in the
frond; the valves semi-orbicular and entire; receptacles clavate.

Rhizoma smooth, and brownish straw-coloured.

Requires a very humid, shady, close atmosphere, ranging in
temperature from 40° to 65°.

For fronds my thanks are due to Messrs. Backhouse, of

York.

HYMENOPHYLLUM PULCHHRRIMUM.

LXX1

175

HYMENOPHYLLUM PULCHERRIMUM.

CoLenso. Hooker.

PLATE LXXI.
Hymenophyllum—Membrane-leaved. = Pulcherrimum—Most beautiful.

An erect-growing, large, handsome species, found on the
trunks of trees in New Zcaland.

The fronds are smooth, tri-quadripinnatifid, ovate-lanccolate
in form; segments brief, somewhat spreading, entire, bifid, the
margins waved.

Stipes compressed, and winged to the base; secondary rachis
flexuous.

Length of frond from ten to fifteen inches; colour pale
green. The rachis and stipes of the same colour as the frond.

Involucres sessile, axillary, small, orbicular, free, two-valved
to the base; valves entire and convex. Receptacles included.

Climate very humid; temperature from 40° to 65°.

To Messrs. Backhouse, of York, I am indebted for the
frond illustrated.

—

HYMENOPHYLLUM

LXxlIl

FUCIFORME.

HYMENOPHYLLUM FUCIFORME.
Swartz. Tooker. WILLDENOW.
PLATE LXXIL
HHymenophyllum fucoides, Cavanittrs. (Not of Swartz )
Tymenophy!llum—Membrane-leaved. Fuciforme—......00... P

THE most magnificent Hymenophyllum known, growing in
shady woods, on trunks of trees in Chili and Juan Fernandez.

The fronds, which are broad, rigid, erect, smooth, and
shining, are tripinnatifid; segments broadly linear-obtuse, rounded,
and bifid, ultimate ones attenuated.

Rachis broadly winged. Stipes stout, rigid, and pale in
colour.

Length of frond from eighteen to thirty inches; and eight
inches or more broad. Colour bluish green or glaucous.

Involucres supra-axillary, marginal, minute, ovate, two-valved
to the base, and free; valves entire. Receptacles exserted.

Requires a very humid airy atmosphere, with a temperature
from 40° to 65°.

My thanks are due to Mr. Backhouse, of York, for the
frond illustrated.

HYMENOPHYLLUM FLEXUOSUM.
A. CunnincuamM. HOooxer.
Hymenophyllum—Membrane-leaved. Flexuosum—Bending.

A BEAUTIFULLY crisped and undulated Fern from New Zealand,
allied to Hymenophyllum crispatum, but having larger and more
divided fronds. A Selaginella-looking species.

Fronds erect, stiff, almost deltoid, tri-quadripinnatifid, broadly
ovate, with narrow, linear, entire, undulated segments.

Stipes and rachis winged.

Length of frond ten or twelve inches.

Involucres broader than the segments, terminal, free, orbicular,
entire, and two-valved to the base.

Rhizoma like Hymenophyllum crispatum, but still shorter.

Requires a very humid atmosphere, with a temperature of
from 40° to 65°.

The plant was kindly communicated by Mr. Backhouse, of

York.
2A

<0
ie nel q Portion of Frond.
iy recraty
spree?
eR

wr

HYMENOPHYLLUM SCABRUM.
A. Ricmirp. Hooxer. (Not of Less.)

ILymenophyllum—Mfembrane-leaved. Scabrum—Rough.

A BEAUTIFUL, Trichomanes-looking, grcenhouse Fern from
New Zealand.

The fronds, which are rigid and ercct, are pinnatc, ovate
in form, and acuminate; the pinne are bi-tripinnatifid and
acuminate, the segments entire and narrow; stems rough with
pale chaffy hairs.

Length of frond twelve to eighteen inches.

Involucres small, terminal, somewhat orbicular, sessile, free,
and two-valved.

Allied to Hymenophyllum demissum.
Requires a very humid, rather airy atmosphere, with a
temperature ranging between 40° and 65°.

Fronds were kindly communicated by Mr. Backhouse, of
York,

ADDENDA,

NEW HYMENOPHYLLUMS AND TRICHOMANES.

Tue following J7ymenophyllums and Trichomanes have been recently
introduced by Mr. Backhouse, but although I have been unable as yet to
procure fronds of them, it has becn deemed advisable before finishing the
volume, to bricfly enumerate each.

HYMENOPHYLLUM ABRUPTUM, Hooker.—A dwarf Fern, with
broad, blunt, pinnatifid fronds, on wiry stalks. Native of Jamaica, densely
carpeting mossy trunks and rocks. Fronds an inch and a half to two
inches in length. Figured by Sir W. Hooker, plate 31—B, vol. i, “Species
Filicum.”

HYMENOPHYLLUM AMRUGINOSUM, Carmichael, Hooker. (Hy-
menophyllum franklinianum, Colenso, Trichomanes wruginosum, Thours.)—
A well-marked species, with ovate, dense, tripinnatifid fronds, covered with
a whitish pubescence. Native of New Zealand. Pendent from rocks and
trunks of trees. Fronds four to eight inches in length. There is a variety
with more acuminate fronds, and with more distant pinne and divisions,
which is named var. franklinianum. Figured by Sir W. J. Hooker, plate
31—A, vol. 1, “Species Filicum.”

HYMENOPHYLLUM ASPLENIOIDES, Swartz, Willdenow, Hooker,
Hedwig. (Hymenophyllum palmatum, Alotzsch.)—A delicate and pretty
Fern, with narrow, shining, pinnatifid fronds, on wiry stems. Native of
Jamaica and Brazil. Pendent from mossy rocks and trunks of trees. Length
of frond from two to five inches.

HYMENOPHYLLUM BLEPHARODES(?) Presl—A pendent species,
with broad, attenuated, dense, bi-tripinnatifid fronds. Native of the West
Indies. Length from three to five inches.

182 ADDENDA.

HYMENOPHYLLUM DICHOTOMUM, Cavanilles, Swartz, Willde-
now, Hooker. (Hymenophyllum plicatum, Kaulfuss.)—A beautifully crisped
and transparent species, with broad, much-divided fronds. Native of Chili,
Juan Fernandez, and Java; on mossy trees. Length of frond from four
tosix inches. Figured by Sir W. J. Hooker, plate 36—A, vol. i, ‘Species
Filicum.”

HYMENOPHYLLUM FLABELLATUM, Labillardiere, Wiildenow,
looker, not Brown. (Hymenophyllum nitens, Brown.)—A lovely Fern,
with dense, glistening, pinnate fronds. Pendent from trunks of Tree Ferns,
other trees, and from holes in rocks and roots of trees. Native of Tasmania
and New Zealand. Length of frond from six to twelve inches.

HYMENOPHYLLUM HIRSUTUM, Swartz, Willdenow, Raddi,
Hedwig, Hooker. (Hymenophyllum venustum, Desvaue. Trichomanes
hirsutum, Linneus.)—A very delicate small species, with narrow, pinnatifid,
transparent fronds, hairy. Pendent from trunks of trees. Native of
Jamaica, Trinidad, and Organ Mountains. Length of frond from three to
nine inches.

HYMENOPHYLLUM NUDUM(?) Desvaury.—A small Fern, with
erect, broad, bipinnate fronds, fringed with hairs. Native of the West
Indies. Length of frond from an inch and a half to three inches.

HYMENOPHYLLUM PLUMIERI, Fooker and Greville. (Filicula
digitata, ete., Plumier.)—Nearly allied to Hymenophylum ciliatum; fronds
larger and more remote. A handsome Fern. Native of Hispaniola and
Columbia.

HYMENOPHYLLUM RARUM, Brown, Hooker. (Hymenophyllum
fumarioides, Bory, Kaulfuss, Kunze. H. australe, Willdenow. FH. semi-
bivalve, Hooker and Greville. H. imbricatum, Colenso.)—Small pendent
fronds, bipinnatifid, densely matted, somewhat resembling Hymenophyllum
tunbridgense. Native of Tasmania, New Zealand, Chili, South Africa,
Bourbon, and Mauritius. Variety imbricatum has pellucid fronds, with
overlapping pinne.

HYMENOPHYLLUM VALVATUM, Hooker and Greville.—A lovely -
species, growing on trunks of trees, with ovate, attenuated, dark green,
tripinnatifid fronds, beautifully undulated. Stalks black and wiry. Native
of Columbia, at an elevation of from three to six thousand feet above the
sea. Length of frond from six to twelve inches.

TRICHOMANES ACHILLAIFOLIUM, TFil/denow. (Trichomanes
rigidum, Swartz, Hedwig. T. mandioccanum, Haddi. T. pyramidale,
Wallich. T. obscurum, Blume.)—A handsome tufted Fern, with quadripin-
natifid, erect, smooth fronds. Native of Jamaica, Dominica, Brazil, Peru,
Quito, Mauritius, Philippine Islands, Ceylon, etc. Length of frond from
twelve to eighteen inches.

TRICHOMANES ALATUM, Swartz, Willdenow, Hooker and Greville.
—A handsome tufted Fern, growing on trunks of trees, having lanceolate,
deep green, subtripinnatifidfronds. Native of Jamaica, St. Vincent, Trinidad,
and Hispaniola. Length of frond from nine to fifteen inches.

ADDENDA. 183

TRICHOMANES . CORIACEUM(?) Kunze —A most lovely Fern,
allied to Trichomanes bancroftii. Its fronds, however, are larger, and
there are more involucres. Tripinnatifid and excessively crisped. A native
of the West Indies, growing among moss and on trecs.

TRICHOMANES CRINITUM, Swartz, Willdenow, Hedwig, Hooker.—
A lovely-fronded Fern, having linear-ovate, very glaucous, thin, membra-
naceous, pinnate fronds, covered with white hairs. Stems very hairy.
Native of Jamaica and St. Vincent. Fronds from four to five inches in
length.

TRICHOMANES ELONGATUM, A. Cunningham, Hooker.—A tufted
Fern, with very dense, triangular-ovate, dark green, rigid fronds, with
erect wiry stems, Inciso-pinnatifid. Native of New Zealand. Fronds from
six to twelve inches in length, of which more than a half is”occupied by
the stipes.

TRICHOMANES FILICULA, Bory, Hooker. (Trivhomanes bilabiatum,
Nees. T. bilingue, Menzies. T. bipunctatum, Potret. T. melanotrichum,
Schlechtendal. Hymenopbyllum filicula, Bory. H. alatum, Schhuhr.
Didymoglossum decipiens, Desvauz. D. filicula, Desvaux.)—A creeping
species, with erect, smooth, firm, dark green, bipinnatifid fronds, on winged
stalks. Native of Mauritius, Bourbon, Ceylon, Nepal, Luzon, Otaheite,
etc. Fronds from two to five inches.

TRICHOMANES FIMBRIATUM, Backhouse—aA very beautiful un-
described species, allied to Trichomanes kaulfussit, but shorter and much
broader in its fronds; ovate, tripinnatifid; ultimate segments attenuated

into long bristle-like points. Stem erect and very broadly winged. Native
of the West Indies.

TRICHOMANES FLORIBUNDUM, Hooker. (Trichomanes pinnatum,
Swartz, T. rhizophyllum, Cavanilles. T. vittaria, De Candolle.)—A noble,
and one of the most lovely Ferns of this genus, with broad, tufted, pale
green, very transparent, pinnate fronds. Beautifully fringed with hair-like
receptacles, attenuated and rooting at the extremity. Erect in habit.
Native of Orinoco, Guiana, Dominica, Barbadoes, Jamaica, Trinidad,
Guatemala, Peru, Brazil, and Surinam. Length of frond from twelve to
twenty-four inches.

TRICHOMANES FG:NICULACEUM (?) Bory, Hooker. (Trichomanes
meifolium, Kaulfuss. T. gemmatum, J. Smith.)—A beautiful Fern, with
narrow, rigid, highly-divided fronds, with hair-like pinnules, and wiry stems.
Native of Mauritius and Borneo. Length of frond six or seven inches.

TRICHOMANES INCISUM, Aualfuss, Bory, Hooker—A pendent
creeping Fern, with very delicate, transparent, bipinnatifid, ovate fronds,
margined with star-like tufts of hair. Native of St. Catharine and Brazil.
Length of frond from three to four inches.

TRICHOMANES JAVANICUM, Blume, Hooker and Greville. (Tri-
chomanes rigidum, JVallich, not of Swartz. T. setigerum, Wallich. T.
rhomboideum, J. Smith. T. curvatum, J. Smith. T. alatum, Bory, not

15-t ADDENDA,

Swartz.)—A fine, distinct, tufted Fern, with erect, smooth, shining, dark
green, pinnate fronds, with hairy stalks. Length from eight to twelve
inches.

TRICHOMANES LUSCHNATIANUM, Pres!.—A handsome climbing
Fern, allied to Trichomanes radicans, but is sessile, the fronds lanceolate,
and having u very long and slender creeping caudex, (as much as fifteen
feet.) Native of Brazil. Length of frond eighteen inches.

TRICHOMANES MEMBRANACEUM, Linnaeus, Swartz, Willdenow,
TTooker. (Filix hemionitis, Pluhenet.)—A very distinct, interesting, creeping
Fern, having most delicate, elegant, entire, roundish, nearly stemless, deep
green, glossy fronds, torn on the margin, and with fan-like veins. Native
of the West Indian Islands, growing on trunks of trees. Length of frond
from two to three inches.

TRICHOMANES PUNCTATUM, Potret, Maulfuss, Hooker and
Greville. (Trichomanes sphenoides, Awxze.)—Very small fronds. Smaller
than muscoides, with roundish obovate, bluutly incised fronds, with fan-
like veins. Native of Martinique, Guadaloupe, Trinidad, Gorgoua, Peru,
and Guiana.

TRICHOMANES REPTANS, Swartz, Willdenow, Hedwig, Hooker and
Greville. (Trichomanes hymenodes, Hedwig, Phyllitis scandens, Sloane.)
—aA very minute Fern, creeping on palms, etc., with roundish incised
fronds, with fan-shaped veins. Native of Jamaica, St. Vincent, and Cuba.
Length of frond about an inch.

TRICHOMANES RHOMBOIDEUM, Cuming.—A remarkable species,
with narrow pinnate fronds. Allied to Trichomanes javanicum. Native of
Philippine Islands. Length of frond nine to twelve inches.

TRICHOMANES RUPESTRE, Backhouse—A new species, forming
tufts of broadly-ovate, dense, rather undulate, pinnate fronds, on round
hairy stalks, Native of Borneo, growing on bare wet rocks.

TRICHOMANES SETIGERUM, Bach/Jouse-—A new, undescribed
beautiful species, allied to Trichomanes pluma, but larger. Fronds tufted
and curving. The ultimate divisions of the pinne hair-like, giving a
brush-like appearance to the fronds. Native of Borneo, where it grows in
crevices of rocks.

TRICHOMANES SUPERBUM, Backhousex—Au undescribed noble
species, with dense, triangular, tripinnatifid fronds, on erect, broadly-
winged, and very hairy stalks. Nativeof Borneo. Fronds from two to
threc feet in length.

TRICHOMANES THUJOIDES, Desvauax, Hooker.—A handsome tufted
Fern, with ovate, attenuated, tripinnatifid fronds, on erect stalks. Native
of the Mauritius. Length of frond from nine to cighteen inches.

LIS! OF

185

CONTRIBUTORS,

To whom the author returns his warmest thanks.

Messrs. Backhouse, Nursery, York.

Messrs. Booth, Nursery, Hamburg.

Mr. A. Clapham, Scarborough.

Mr. F. Clowes, Windermere.

Mr. E. Cooling, Mile Ash Nursery,
Derby.

Mr. T. Downes, Hillsboro’ Terrace,
Ilfracombe.

Mr. R. J. Gray, St. Thomas’, Exeter.

Sir W. J. Hooker, F.R.8., Director
of the Royal Gardens, Kew.

Mr. Joseph Henderson, Wentworth
House, Masbro’.

Mr. J. James, Vauvert,
Islands.

Mr. Thomas Moore, F.L.S., Botanic
Gardens, Chelsea.

Mr. G. Norman, Hull.

Channel

Mr. Charles Monkman, Malton,
Yorkshire.

Mr. Henry S. Perry, Rock Lodge,
Monkstown, County Cork.
Mr. Pass, Gardener to Mr. Brockle-
hurst, The Fence, Macclesfield.
Messrs. Rollisson and Co., Nursery,
Tooting.

M. Schott, Director of the Imperial
Gardens of Schonbriinn, Vienna.

Mr. J. Smith, Curator of Royal
Gardens, Kew.

Mr. R. Sim, Foot’s Cray N ursery,
Kent.

Messrs. Stansfield and Co. Vale
Nursery, Todmorden.

Messrs. James Veitch and Son,
Exotic Nursery, Chelsea.

186

AUTHORITIES QUOTED IN THIS VOLUME.

Agardh.
Arnott.
Backhouse.
Bentham.
Bernhardi.
Berthelot.
Blume.

Bojer.
Bonpland.
Bory.
Brackenridge.
Braun.

Brent, Mr.
Brown, R.
Carmichael.
Cavanilles.
Chanter, Rev. J. M.
Clapham, A.
Clowes, F.
Colenso.
Crocker, Mr.
Cuming.
Cunningham, A.
De Candolle.
Desvaux.

Don.

Du Petit-Thouars.
Eden, Capt.
Elworthy.
Endlicher.

Fée.

Fischer.
Forster.
Galleotti.
Gaudichaud.
Gleichen, P. F. Von.
Gray, Dr. A.
Greville.

Harrison, R. D.
Hedwig.
Henderson, J.
Hillman, D.
Hoffman.
Holmes, J.
Hooker, Dr. J D.
Hooker, Sir W. J.
Horsfall, J.
Hostmann, Dr.
Houlston.
Hudhart.
Hudson.
Humboldt.
Jackson, C.
Kaulfuss.
Kinahan, Dr.
Klotzsch.
Koch.

Kraus.

Kunze.

La Billardiere.
Lagascar.
Lamarck.
Langsdorff.
Leibmann.
Less.

Linden.
Lindsay.

Link.
Linneus.
Lowe, E. J.
Maratti.
Martius.
Menzies.
Mettenius.
Michaux.
Mohr.

Monkman.
Moore, T.
Moritz.
Miller.

Nees.

Nowell, J.
Nuttall.
Perry, H. 8.
Petiver.
Plukenet.
Plumier.
Poiret.

Pres.

Raddi.
Reichenbach.
Richard, A.
Roxburgh.
Saunders (Nilsson.)
Schkuhr.
Schlechtendal.
Schott.
Schrader.
Sieber.

Sim, R.
Sloane.
Smith, J.
Sprengel.
Stansfield.
Swartz.
Telfair.

Vahl.
Wallich.
Wight.
Wiles.
Wilkinson, Miss.
Willdenow.
Willison.
Wollaston, G. B.

INDEX,

{Those Ferns to which an authority is attached are figured and described, ]

PAGE, PAGE.
Acrostichum flavens . : 17 Aspidium filix-mas . . 67
furcatum i : . 139 var. abbreviatum-cristatum
serrulatum 5 . 103 Lowe ‘ 4 . 69
sorbifollum =. ‘ . 91 var. acrocladon. Lowe 127
trifoliatum : ‘ 75 var. cristatum . . 63
Adiantopsis capensis : . 61 var. cristatum-angustatum.
Adiantum capense - . 6) Lowe . . , 129
crenatum ‘ 2 » 7 var. willisonii. Zowe 116
sulphureum. Kaulfuss 61, 145 fimbriatum : . 107
var. majus . . 61,145 foliolosum . 5 - 107
var, minus i: 61, 145 lanceum 4 . . 107
wilesianum. Hooker . 71 mucronatum : - 144
Allosorus auratus ‘ : 1 oreopteris . F . 100
karwinskii : « 4% var. nowellianum. Lowe
Anemia adiantifolia. Swartz 77 | 99
var. asplenifolia . 9. 77 | pumilum. ae 69
var. caruifolia . ; Th remotum. A. Braun . 51
asplenifolia . : . 77 rigidum, var. remotum 51
caruifolia . , ‘ 77 squarrosum : 107
cicutaria : i ae i triangulum, var. laxum.
Anemirhiza adiantifelia ; ti Hooker . , . 143
Aspidium angulare, var. aristatum. Asplenium affine . 3 : 43
Lowe . : . I(3l alatum, Hooker & Greville 27
var. cristatum. Lowe 67 australasicum =. 3 90
var. truncatum. Lowe 110 canariense F . . 45
earyotideum. TWallich 105 contiguum. Haulfuss ia
deltoideum. Swartz . 101 var. filiforme ‘ « 8
denticulatum. Swartz . 137 var. lepturus .. 8
dilatatum, var. lepidotum. cuneatum ‘ . 29, 43
Lowe : é . 125 decipiens. . 107
dubium 3 : . 107 falx : ; 26

2B

188

INDEX,

PAGE, PAGE,
Asplenium filiforme 7,8 Asplenium serra 43
filix-foemina . 67 spathulinum 43
var. acrocladon, tripinnatum 29
Clapham, MS. OF vuleanicum 4 3 6
var. corymbiferum. Jfoore Athyrium filtx-foomina, var. laciniata
33, 97 130
yar. depauperatum 31 foliolosam . 107
yar. doodioides. Lowe 3h Blechnum ambiguum 135
var. laciniatum. Lowe 130 levigatum. Cavanilles 135
var. multifidum . . ol Botryogramme karwinskii 73
yar. plumosum. J/oore 31 Callipteris ambigua . 43
foliolosum. TFallich inv | Camptosorum rhizophyllus 9

fragrans : 26) Ceratodactylis osmundioides,
hastatum. A Jotzsch 26 | J. Smith 73
yar. pterocaulon 26 | Chielanthes amaurorachis 3
heterodon. B/ume 5,6 | borsigiana. Reichenbach 35
insigne ; 2 43 | capensis. Swartz 61
Janceolatum . ‘ . 2h | prectexta 61
var. microdon. JAfoore 24 | Cincinalis flavens 17
laserpitiifolium. Zamarch Coniogramme javanica 15
29,43 | Cyrtomium ecaryotideum 105
lepturus ‘ a OE faleatum. : - 105
macrocarpum 107 | Cystopteris fragilis F . 113
marinum 24,25 | var. furcans. Moore 113
var. interruptum. interrupta 115
Monkman, AS. 115 | Didymoglossum decipiens 183
var.microdon . « 24) | filicula 183
var. ramosum . é 25 | pusillum 163
var. trapeziforme oe Eupodium kaulfassii 41
musefolium . : 90 | Feea polypodina 159
nidus. F./nneus 89,90 = Filtcula digitala 182
var, australasicum . 90 | Filix hemionitis 184
nigrescens. 4 ; 6, Gleicheuia flabellata . 140
nitidum. Sreartz . 43 fureata. Swartz 139, 140
odoratum . a : 26 | pubescens, var. glabra 139, 140
patens ‘ . 29 | Grammitis rutefolia 109
pinnatifidum. Wudlall oes serrulata . 103
premorsum . ‘ » 45 | Gymnogramma, flavens 7
var. canariense. Afoore 45 | javanica. Blume 15
pterophorum . . eet g peruviana, var. argyropliylla.
pulchellum —— Moore pial 13
rhizophylum . : puchella. Linden ll
var. pinnatifidam — , 9: rutefolia. Desvaux . 169
riparium : ‘ . 29 trifoliata. Desvaur 75
robustum =. 4 j 29 variegata 4 . 16
ruta-muraria . 109 Gymnogramme ruteefolia 109

INDEX 189
PAGE, | PAGE.

Hemionitis trifoliata 75 Hymenophyllum valvatum.
Hydroglossum polycarpus 87 Hooker & Greville 182
Hymenophyllum abruptum. venustum . 182
Hooker . 181 Hymenostachys diversifrons 152

eruginosum. Carmichael 181

var. franklinianum =. - 181
alatum 183
asplenioides. Sivartz 181
atrovirens 170
australe . ‘ . 182
blepharodes (?) Prest 181
caudiculatum. Martius 167
chiloense. Hooker 169, 171
ciliatum. Swartz 171, 182

crispatum. Hooker & Greville

170, 179
var. Majus . . 170
var, minus 170
var. tasmanicum . . 170
demissum 180
dichotomum. Cuavanilles 182
dilatatum. Swartz 173
filicula . 183
flabellatum. Zadillardiere

170, 182

flexuosum. A, Cunningham
179
franklinianum . 181
fuciforme. Swarlz . 177
fucoides . . 177
fumarioides 182
hirsutum. Swariz. . 182
imbricatum . 182
nitens . . 182
nudum (?) Desvaur 182
palmatum . 181
plicatum ‘ . 182
plumieri. Hooker & Greville
182
pulcherrimum. Colenso 175
rarum. Brown . 182
var. imbricatum . . 182
sanguinolentum : 170
scabrum. A. Richard . 180
semibivalve 182
tunbridyense . . 182

.
|
|
|
|

Hypolepis amaurorachis. Hooker 3

capensis 61
Lastrea deltoidea . 101
denticulata . 137
dilitata 2 23

var. lepidota 125
filix-mas . 23

var. abbreviata-cristata 69

var. acrocladon . 127

var. cristata-angustata 129

var. schofieldii. Moore 23

var. willisonii . 116

lepidota 125
macrocarpa . 107
montana ‘ 100

var. nowelliana 99

remota 51
spinulosa 23, 51
Lepicystis squamata 81
Lindseza cultrata. Swartz 37
var. assamica 38

var, attenuata 38

var. lucens 38

var. minor . 37

var. pallens 37
imbricata 39
linearis. Swartz 39
lunata 39
Litobrochia areolata 133
Llavea cordifolia 73
Lomaria ambigua . 135
aurea . : $ 2 Jab
earuifolia =. ‘ . 1
decomposita . F a. ok
longifolia 91
scabra . 135
spicant : 48

var. contractum. Lowe 48

var. heterophyllum. Moore
47
yar. imbricatum. Stansfield
47

190

Lomaria spicant, var, ramosimn.
Lowe 48, {9
yar. subserratum.
Monkman, Ms. ww
Lomariopsis longifolia. J. Smith 91
Lygodictyon forsteri é ~ BE
Lygodium forsteri. Lowe . 87

reticulatum . S7
Marattia kaulfussii. Auwze Ad
levis : : . Ad
weinmanniefolia . Ad
Mertensia fureata 139
Mohria thurifraga 10k

var, achilliwfolia, Afoure 104
Neottopteris nidus F : 89

Niphobolus acrostichoides O4
angustatus . : 93
gavdneri, J. Suith . Ob
macrocarpus r (ey

o
w

spheerocephalus

Niphopsis angustatus. J. Smith 93
Nothochlena flavens. Afoore . 17
Onychium auratum. Haulfuss 1
Ophioglossum scandens 87
Ornithopteris adiantifolia 77
Orthogramma levigata — . . 135
Osmunda adiantifolia 7

asplenifolia a7
Parablechnum ambiguum 135
Phegopteris flexilis 111
Phyllitis scandens . : . Ist

Phymatodes epherocephalus . 93
Pleopeltis angustata . i 93

Polypodium alpestre 111
var. flexile 111
angustatum é . 93
flexile, Afoore . 111, 112

var. laciniatum.
Stansfield, ALS. 119
furcatum 2 139
gardneri : : Ot
iIncanum 2 81
phegopteris RB

var. multifidum, Lowe 83
plebejum. Scehlechtendul 79
sepultum s j sl

TAGK.

Polypodium spherocephalum 1)
squamatum, Linnaeus 81
vulgare . 63, 79

var. cristatum. Perry, JS.

63
yar. marginatum.

Monkman, US. 64, 05

var. trunenatiun, AZoore
Gl, 05

Polystichium angulare,

var. aristatum 1
var. cristabum é 67
yar. traneatum . 110
denticulatum 137
fimbriatum . 107
remotum . . ‘ 51
triangulum Tth
yar, laxum 1413,

Pseudathyrium flexile é . lil

Pteris aquilina, var. esculenta.

Hooker . 117
arachnoides 117
areolata. Luwe . 133
argyrea. Jfoore . 21,59
aspcricaulis 20, 142

var. tricolor. Afoore 19, 59
clrysocarpa 2 . 1
eretica 59, 142

var. albo-lineata. Hooker
59

var. prolifera . 141
densa . 117
esculenta . 117

fclosma, r ‘ : 21

longispinula. ‘ . 2i
lorigera : : . 17
nemoralis * ‘ «ZL
prolifera. Lowe 141, 142
quadriaurita 20, 21
seniihastata : . 17
siliculosa : 1
tricolor 20, 143,
Scolopendrium vulgaro 50, 06
var. acrocladon ; 5)

var. conbractum.

Slausficld, AIS. 123

Scolopendrium vulgare,

var. crenato-lobatum.

Moore 56, 123
yar. crenato-multifidum.

Stansficld, MS. . 124
var. crispum_ ‘ 95
var. cristalum. 3/oore 50
var. fissile. Monkman, MS.

84, 85

var. jugosuin. Jfvore 55
var. laceratum . . 50
var. marginato-irregulare.

Clapham 4 . 96
var. multiforme ‘ 50
var. papillosum. Moore 57
var. ramo-marginatum,

Moore. ‘ . 53
var. ramosus-majus
Moore . é . 119

var. reniforme. Moore 114
var. sagitatto-cristatum.

Moore ‘ . 122
var. stansfieldii.

Stansfield, MS. . 95
var. sublineato-striatum.

Stansfield ‘ . 121

var. submarginatum.
Moore , : . ob
var, submarginatum-
multifidum. Stansfield,
MSs « : . 81, 85
var. suprasoriferum.,
Stansfield, MS. . 123
var. variabile. Jfvore 58,114

Tarachia contigua ‘ , 7
jnsignis . : : » 43
nitida F 2 ; 43

Thamnopteris mauritiana . 89
nidus . : ; : 89
orientalis ‘ . 2 89

Trichomanes achilleifolinm.

Willdenow 118, 153, 182
wruginosum , . 181
Willdenow 14S, 153, 182
alatum. Swartz 155, 182, 183
anceps. LHovher » 158

191

PAGE.

Trichomancs angustatum.

Carmichael . 157
attenuatum. Hooker . 155
bancroftii . ; . 183
bilabiatum =. - . 183
bilingue. ‘ » 183

bipunctatum : . 183
bojeri. Hooker 4° Greville
165
brasiliense . ‘ . 161
coriaceum, Kunze . 183
crinitum. Swartz . 183
curvatum ‘ F . 183
dilatatum . ‘ 173

elegans. Rudge 152, 153, 159
elongatum. A. Cunningham

183
exsectum. Kunze . 151
filicula, Lory x . 183

fimbriatum. Backhouse 183
floribundum. Hooker . 183

foeniculaceum. Bory 183
fulvum . ; : . 157
gemmatum 4 183
hirsutum ; : . 182
hymenodes ‘ . 184

incisum. Saulfuss . 183
javanicum. Blume 183, 184
kaulfussii. Hooker & Greville

150, 155, 183
krausii. Hooker & Greville

164,
laceratum . i . 161
lucens . é : . 150
luschnatianum. Presl 181
mandioccanum 148, 182
meifolium . ‘ . 183
melanotrichuin 3 . 183

membranaceum. Linneus 184

muscoides . 163, 184
obscurum 148, 182
osmundioides F . 159
pedicillatum : . AGL
pinnatum 3 . . 183
pluma. Hooker 149, 184,
punctatum, Puiret . 184

192

INDEX.

Rear? PAGE,

Trichomanes pusillum. Swartz 163

pyrawidale . 148, 182
pyxidiferum. Linneus 1658,

161

radicans i ; 184
reptans. Swartz . 184
vhizophyllum : . 183
rhomboideum. Cuming 183,
184,

rigidum. Swarts 148, 153,
182, 183

rupestre. Backhouse. 184
scandens. Linneus . 147

THE END.

PAGE,

Trichomanes setigerum. Backhouse

183, 184,
spicatum. &. Hedwig 15%
spicisorum . 159
splenoides s 18h
superbum , . 184
tencllum , . 158
tenerum ‘ . 157

thujoides. Desvaur . 184
trichoideum. Swartz . 158

undulatum .* . 165
villosum . 2 ‘ . 153
vittaria F 183

Xiphopteris serrulata. Kaulfuss 103

B. TAWCETT, ENGRAVER AND PRINTER, EAST LODGE, DRIFFIELD.

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