Hy Hh f, eee tiserteteeehtisar bent i tiserec teas sets tii cgoteertety bs precereis: Not ae AY i cretibarett edtasertitaterdasert tere tate tan ee SS ee ee Le ieeeneaseise tetatiteregreriet r Stedt tetts it Bete th THY east i Hb HUE Hatt arent es eo mena ee i : Seat He atts perectetiSioes poset Ge: ie tit iY u + Hehe ¢ ', Hitt ea ee a nn a EE HE i eslftbsnteten tit voulerpetiteteeregtseateest, Cait ite fant Hie Rectan tateseGs HR Ea Hh HANH Heit ightt ie ata fea ae a ana : ay Cae Ha istertenettespieas siatertteatias reared tract etree MEM MAT i i NSH Het Hi HH! i peesenesueaestesss STS etiatiateaata tacts te nateesstesesitte sates tatis i i it ataectst itt H it thet ith iti Cite Hin sesteeteset tet siertgtataceet st? sents betaine Ht ssa RHeaT SSE ntti Hi i f ah HIRES A RE Gc bth bitetneabte Rater eaten iB Bits T aH Ht HST TATRA Hien tat iausisonte iia Hsia Du eo { He Ha RE ea ae ae oe ee oo a syed teestretesy restesntertetoraeaitytetatictstatictstatatas ath Ht ts t HH bet reste earn era teratt eH iret } haiti i iertate tira i Httitsaet it Harsice ria eR gi sat eect a Micah fi i fests if irate it sit pain fa sa te Stet f peitsratehtitat REARS rau aateSHnATe StegtatatactytaRaratHSSA Ratatat ScestetatETO NEEM SRE RRM ERTS ! ii He Sea nae at Ea a tH at ii ea rc a iets sesstey rae testes tite erat t poe ee iat i fae i itis : ait i i i iit i i iis at eteentct Resort REARS fittest ete He ee ee sitet pes sites iseicestute tice shetits Hitt 3 reitiat Hite i i { Hi Siieatttits ‘tt itt Hitt tht ie fgets Hey tty ise Bs a y ea ME ne a ce Bi aa ; ecsuitsana nn Hi HR ta i a ie sarah at sii ia ii tt Pibsuieerertatitiesestesetttetter Pere RS tte i i ithe tatatitestetsctres ta acereetetyee tere tath ene TeTEEAaHTAStRattsrest ete eas tts Ht Seti teSHa tones pati rrtatatie erate enti tegett each rane seit sr tet tt ( i Hi iis HEH Hest Giteseitttetetet if ! i GHSeeeHSEt A genoa Ga if Hit itt Hi RSH itAnEtetca neta i frit Hie utenti arate Bttt fated i qHipain nn eRht iTS EE HaHa hatin ttHE } tnt nai riertrhtheetis tes tatetty ihe iit tt SeSSleescteGEA a tatatestss seitehasattesgte i if iit hesteetetasares ih Hy Bit itis i HHH eit ee atone rs ti t Hi piesatttestes Hit Tit Peattattatytatttse ist att iH seat srapheteditistatr esti resgesten rettaeti tt i setts HH fi Hit i Scuesgitat antares nanased HaCaT Staedy ge ! Hi PUSH SES Seer satererecte $ Hestra rare EE atestets HIST HESSISpestRStaoarett ee eatEEHESSHTTESStE RRHISTRIESA REM CaeLE BATHE RG i if i iit i Hesctcste teeta seit Hest siete Hettiatesestas sf tit i erarbetitacers geet { i i He SiSertatg tanith taa Rae TT Ey nat HHetHieae Hn tat et ! itty ity dpe eettatetattaeei tiie tieecaeeh terete TSH pve ; H a Hina ieiRe n 1 Hit i i iain at et rani ait eae ; fan srt Hib Hi HM aia LR bist Raa a Baro aaa A a sn i tt ay aa ca tis fini ucataanaeetrit efaenaa stieeeteaetircteit i Raa i Het i Hea HAHAH EE peta Pritss patie bets teteren ert i i ai iit linet iettaaitset itis Fett i ti i tt i { i batt ta Rab Hitttts shit t i i tH H { as dae ee pian Patten tea i Ht tit Ua A Hane sith ietithti tara rats Brienne ie H Ht Hh t Hitt Ttitsti at giana ca ith fea sai ae aa ie i i i Ht a Hi tt i i i } i / 4 geececbetiteeecsets! seeeeteei hy CHE berets i ft + f Hilt i i $ itt i SHH atte atee Betti rate atest ses tity ft He bestest trtatenttt ee ! Hest tise { | ft Hitt? ! t it ee Bite ceeettnittett SiGe ETH SS He iN ty ft i ! tHE y at itatiasteetettt f ¢ + * + sit ve + ty Hy i iritt i ¢ H a _ _si.é.:-t S i + ie iH i aM - ==. ae ae _ CC + tthe iY + isnt ; i H i | TA f f i i i i t a $3 a) t () Se : a a = | L a i H MH ii i i / / i f bit Ht K iF i : 2 i i i H i Hitt { i i tii H i t : i i it ii i any + i i | it siizeeeeeets oti ate zt erereiiita retest sisieerrerter Petiteiserserteecnely Oreribareaettirectitgeecttitiitarestiepreteccatatites ee! porte lise eel lalat? i +4 rl Hy i f ul Escsc sc e- Stes esse! ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY THE GIFT OF ISABEL ZUCKER CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY DATE DUE GAYLORD I. STRAW COLOR 2. LEMON YELLOW 3. PRIMROSE 4. SULPHUR YELLOW 5. GAMBOGE YELLOW 6. GOLDEN YELLOW 7. ORANGE YELLOW 8. PUMPKIN ORANGE 9. ORANGE 10, NEUTRAL ORANGE II. DEEP ORANGE I2. RED ORANGE 13. BURNT ORANGE 14. TERRA-COTTA 15. PINKISH ORANGE 16. NEUTRAL ORANGE VERMILION 17. ORANGE VERMILION 18. SCARLET VERMILION | ta Hsia aie 20. CARDINAL RED 21. CHOCOLATE A CHART 22. LIGHT SALMON PINK 23. ROSE PINK 24. DEEP ROSE PINK bees 3 bles 25. OLD ROSE Bae ee eee 26. CARMINE PINK 28. RUBY RED SHOWING THE COLORS 29. PURE LIGHT PINK 30. DEEP PINK 31. BRIGHT MAGENTA 34. GARNET 35. MAROON 36. PALE LIGHT PINK [ Ramee tlie oN 37. DULL LAVENDER PINK r “a ee a 38. MAGENTA PINK 39. DEEP HELIOTROPE == 40. PURPLE MAGENTA 41. DULL MAROON PURPLE 42. MAROON PURPLE 43. PALE LILAC 45. DEEP LAVENDER 46. BRIGHT VIOLET BLUE 47. PURPLE VIOLET we = 48. PURPLE 49. DEEP PURPLE VIOLET OF GARDEN FLOWERS 29. PURE LIGHT PINK 30. DEEP PINK 31. BRIGHT MAGENTA 32. DEEP PURPLE PINK 33. CRIMSON 34. GARNET 35. MAROON HE COLORS wr UC See freee = 4 is Fn gees | 36. PALE LIGHT PINK 43. PALE LILAC 50. PALE LILAC BLUE 57. PALE SKY BLUE | } \ ios Enprers So | Biers eee | 37. DULL LAVENDER PINK 44. PALE BLUE VIOLET 51. AZURE 58. TURQUOISE BLUE 38. MAGENTA PINK 45. DEEP LAVENDER PORCELAIN BLUE 59. DEEP TURQUOISE BLUE 39. DEEP HELIOTROPE 46. BRIGHT VIOLET BLUE 53. DULL VIOLET BLUE 60. PEACOCK BLUE 40. PURPLE MAGENTA 47. PURPLE VIOLET 54. SAPPHIRE 61. PRUSSIAN BLUE 41. DULL MAROON PURPLE 48. PURPLE 55- BRILLIANT VIOLET 62. PURE BLUE 42. MAROON PURPLE DEEP PURPLE VIOLET 56. DEEP DULL VIOLET BLUE 63. GENTIAN BLUE OF GARDEN FLOWERS : ‘HE sixty-three colors of the ac- companying chart have been ac- curately compared with the colors of growing flowers. Although blossoms, even on the same plant, will vary somewhat in shade, the author hopes that the care with which this chart has been prepared may prove of gen- uine service to all who plan their gar- dens with the aid of this book. As will be noticed, each color block is supplied with a number as well as a name. A corresponding color number will be found opposite every description of a plant throughout the volume. Cornell University The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www. archive.org/details/cu31924059217228 ‘NOOTH T1Nd NI SUAMOTI JO NIGUVO V THE GARDEN Month by Month Describing the appearance, color, dates of bloom, height and cultivation of all desirable Harpy Herpaceous PERENNIALS for the formal or wild garden, with additional lists of aquatics, vines, ferns, etc. By MABEL CABOT SEDGWICK Assisted by ROBERT CAMERON Gardener of the Harvard Botanical Gardens WITH OVER TWO HUNDRED HALF-TONE ENGRAVINGS FROM PHOTOGRAPHS OF GROWING PLANTS, AND A CHART IN COLORS. GARDEN City PuBLISHING Company, INc. GARDEN City, NEw YorRK Copyright, 1907 By FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY Printed in the United States of Amerwco TO W.C. C. AND E. R. C. ERRATA pp. 200 and 304, Leontopidium alpinum or Edelweiss now under Yellows, should be under Whites. _ Pp. 458 and 466, under Iris levigata omit water during fower- mg season. PREFACE O Perpetui Fiori del Eterna Letizia T is prudent perhaps for many of us to have our pleasure gardens shaped for us by an expert wiser than we may hope to be. A trained eye, long study of old forms, and that knowledge which is born only of experience, make possible a beauty of outline and insure a perfection of detail in a project which in the minds of most of us is a desire rather than a definite conception. Yet he who truly loves his garden will not relin- quish altogether the happy task of creating it. For him it is the centre of bright imaginings. He dreams of it asleep and awake, until from among the multitude of his thoughts there flashes some happy vision finished in all things, like the completed picture which the painter sees on the white canvas before him. Quickly before it fades he rushes to his task. But to the amateur, garden catalogues are often a snare and most books a de- lusion. Search as he may, these helpers serve him little, and as he struggles to tind the appropriate flowers with which to paint his picture, the gay vision fades and confusion and discouragement ensue. It is for this gardener that I have made this book and offer it as a full palette, to enable him the more readily to paint the picture as he sees it, and save him the discouragement of looking in a thousand places for a thousand bits of information. However small a part of the garden it may be that he himself plans, he will look upon that portion with a kindlier eye, and find more in it to love and enjoy than all the rest of the garden has to offer. With this book I wish my gardener joy of his experiments, and if he fails to make his garden altogether as he has imagined it, may he have a fancy quick to suggest new visions; for in the possibilities of change lies the im- perishable charm of gardens. Forever through past experience shine the bright alluring pictures of the future. vii PREFACE The plan of this book is simple. The plants are arranged in the order of the months in which they bloom, while for the reader’s convenience 4 plant which flowers in more months than one is listed afresh in each appro- priate month, though the full description of its habit and the directions for its culture are given only where it makes its first appearance. In the great majority of cases, the dates of bloom are taken from personal observations in the vicinity of Boston. The season about New York is, generally speaking, about ten days earlier. A rough and ready calculation allows six days’ difference to every degree of latitude. Yet in this matter of the date of bloom the reader must understand that nothing like exactness is possible. All that can be claimed is the representation of a fair average. The season of bloom is very irregular, often varying as much as a fortnight in the spring. But though early dates may vary, by June first all irregularities seem to disappear, and the reader can be confident that whatever are the dates of bloom, the succession of bloom remains invariable. As the plants are divided according to the months in which they first bloom, so they are subdivided according to color. In each month’s list of blooming plants there are nine color groups, including “ parti-colored,” i.e., those plants in which each blossom is variegated, and “ various,” i.e., those in which the color of the blossoms vary. Since color is the chief glory of a garden, much stress has been laid upon it throughout the preparation of the book. Almost every flower mentioned has been accurately compared with the appended color chart, and in the column devoted to that purpose it bears its appropriate color number, while above this in quotation marks is the color ascribed to it by some reliable authority. The reader must remember, however, that with matters of color it is much as with matters of taste. One may call the wood violet purple and another insist that it is blue, while red fades so insensibly into pink, and yellow blends so imperceptibly into orange, that he is an artist indeed who can define tne precise point where one becomes the other. It must also be borne in mind that the same flower may vary in color in different localities and the same plant may put forth blossoms of varying shades, And yet, though you may quarrel with the division lines, they are just in the main and are not further wrong than others might well be. A word or two is needed concerning the comprehensiveness of this vill PREFACE book. Annuals have not been included, as their dates depend altogether upon the time when their seed is sown. Of biennials but few are mentioned; but of hardy perennials it can fairly be said that all are included which de- serve a place in the garden proper, in the rock or wild garden, or which are worthy of naturalizations and of tender perennials a few that should find a place in every garden have been added. Large estates as well as small gar- dens are increasing so rapidly throughout the country and so many new and unfamiliar plants have come to enlarge the gardener’s choice, that it has seemed best to make this book offer all which the most varied taste could wish for beautifving a great estate; but it is selection rather than variety which the small gardener needs, and for his sake such plants as are especially serviceable or exceptionally to be desired are marked with a single or double asterisk. The details of this book have been almost infinite in number, and my best thanks are due to all who have helped me: To Mr. Robert Cameron, of the Harvard Botanical Gardens, for revision of all facts mentioned in the book and for much valuable assistance; to Prof. Benjamin Watson, of Harvard, for advice and encouragement; to Mr. L. T. Ernst for observing many of the dates of flowering; to Miss Louisa B. Stevens and Miss Turner for the preparation of the color chart and, with the assistance of Miss Edith May, for the skilful comparison of colors; to Miss Rose Standish Nichols, who has conducted the book through the press; to Messrs. John L. Gardner, J. S. Lee and J. Woodward Manning for many admirable photo. graphs which I should have gone far to secure elsewhere; and to Miss Elizabeth Dean for much devoted work. ‘To all of these I feel greatly in- debted for their real interest and assistance, and in a special sense I wish to record the gratitude with which I shal! always remember the unselfish and unremitting assistance and encouragement given me by Miss Pauline Brigham. For the rest I only hope that this book may help to make more gardens lovely and more gardeners content. M. C.S., Brooking, Mass., Nov., 1906. ix CONTENTS PREFACE: «¢ $s « & & « & 4 MARCH 4 « « » ® @® & @ * APRIG gw MAY ne a ee ee ee ee JUNE a a ee ee JULY oy ORE. Se. Oe, AUGUSE’: @ ¢. 4% OS «2 ww & & SEPTEMBER . . . ... i H j .T. = Spistessiseassett Ss. > i ti 4] heey stss5 est st53% Seees: $3>: a Highest .. i i Wt hth He 3! tts Sesr5 ==: Spteteese sees + it Hit ort poesd 3333 i st Ssei = it 3) + Ht vontg? ateher 4 ets ttitateat pahertes iat Hh tht a ere tet Sstseet 353% set 33 Se3e5 estat ae + SSSSSSt: TEES SH SSesty 32% sth , tf tf Hi pores: Tt Shui cpenteiee settee sft ate - t ¢ + Hates SsSSStstsce: sate SStstetss sess Estates rs : . ff