nS REPORT
Cal
' ve OF THE
be

CANADIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION
1913-18

VOL. VII: CRUSTACEA
PART I: OSTRACODA
FRESHWATER OSTRACODA FROM CANADA AND ALASKA

| By G. O. Sars

re? oe OTTAWA

| F. A. ACLAND

| PRINTER TO THE KING’S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY
1926

Issued July, 28, 1926

LIBRARY

wl un

095 328 —
Report of es ae Arctic Expedition, 1913-18.

VOLUME VII: MOLLUSKS, ECHINODERMS, COELENTERATES, ETC.

Part A: MOLLUSKS, RECENT AND PLEISTOCENE. By William H. Dall. ;
‘(Issued September 24, 1919).

Part B: CEPHALOPODA AND PTEROPODA.

(Supplementary Report)...........0sccecs cece ccs ececaneenenees (Issued Ni ovember 27, 1924).

Cephalopoda. By S. S. Berry. :

Preropods. By Wii. TH. Dall nc ocseea nese es abl iwena tween Cawenx (Issued August 6, 1925).
Part C: ECHINODERMS. By Austin H. Clark... .......-cecsecsectceeedecs: (Ussued April 6, 1920).
Part D: BRYOZOA. By R. C,. Osburn........... cc cece cece cee eee eneeee eae February 20, 1928).
Part E: ROTATORIA. By H. K. Harring.............. ccs e eee eee enee - Issued December 31, 1921)..
Part F: CHAETOGNATHA. By Ay. Ge Hantemamn va scasia cisaeinna viene enctereabiccesimet (In preparation).
Part G: ALCYONARIA AND ACTINARIA. By A.E. Verrill............05. (Issued April 28, 1922).
Part H: MEDUSAE AND CTENOPHORA. By H. B. Bigelow.............. (Issued June 30, 1920).
Part I: HYDROIDS. By C. McLean Fraser... ..... 2040000 sii Fee GRISEA OOIS (Issued August 24, 1922).
Part J: PORIFERA. By A. Dendy and L. M. Frederick................ Ss ccigtasiiatsts (Issued July 5, 1924).

VOLUME IX: ANNELIDS, PARASITIC WORMS, PROTOZOANS, ETC.

Part A: OLIGOCHAETA.
: Lumbriculide. By Frank Smith. ot
Enchytralide. By Paul S. Welch.............. ... (Issued September 29, 1919).
Part B: POLYCHAETA. By Ralph V. Chamberlin. (Issued November 16, 1920).
Part C: HIRUDINEA. By J. P. Moore............. . (Issued February 4, 1921).
Part D: GEPHYREA. By Ralph V. Chamberlin... ..- (Issuea June 10, 1920).
Part E: AC ANT HOCHE HALA, By H. J. Van Cleav .(Ussued April 7, 1920).

Part F: NEMATODA,. By N. A. Cobb........ ccc cctece cece eee eeebecee cen eneeceeees (In preparation).
Part G-H: TREMATODA yND ‘CESTODA. By A. R. Cooper.. ....(Issuea February 4, 1921).
Part I: TURBELLARIA. By A. Hassell..............0.ccecsceeen eet enteesencenes (In preparation).
Part J: POLYCHAETA (Supplementary). By J. H. Ashworth.. .. (Issued Sen eee 29, 1924).
Part K: NEMERTINI. By Ralph V. Chamberlin, i. cc0secaseceeusas eee esecdeens= Un preparation).
Part M: FORAMINIFERA. By J. A..Cushman............... Diavalsccatvesienstalensus (Issued February 6, 1920) .

VOLUME X: PLANKTON, HYDROGRAPHY, TIDES, ETC.
Part C: TIDAL OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS. By W. Bell Dawson. . (Issued October 1, 1920).

VOLUME XI: GEOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY ,

Part A: THE GEOLOGY OF THE Aa COAST OF CANADA, WEST OF THE KENT
PENINSULA. By J. J. O'Neill... 0... ee cence cece ees (Issued July 8, 1924).

Part B: MAPS AND GEOGRAPHICAL NOTES: By Kenneth C. Chipman and John R. Co: Ox.
(Issued July 8, 1924).

VOLUME XII: THE COPPER ESKIMOS

Part A: THE LIFE OF THE COPPER ESKIMOS. By D. Jenness...... (Issued January 14, Le
Part B: THE PHYSICAL ca ee ences OF THE WESTERN AND COPPER

ESKIMOS... “By: Ds Jenness ise. ciacscin sms, teeaasatanaceenn aeueacane-ek ies (Issued May 28, 1923).
Part C: aes OSTEOLOGY. On THE ‘WESTERN AND CENTRAL ESKIMOS.
By John Cameron............+..05+ paper rea Se NRE OSS sacs atanecace (Issued June #8, 1923).

VOLUME XIII: ESKIMO FOLK-LORE :

Part A: ESKIMO MYTHS AND TRADITIONS FROM ALASKA, THE MACKENZIE DELTA
rom AND CORONATION GULF. By D. Jenness. ............. (Issued Novemder 15, 1924).
rart o: STRING FIGURES OF THE ESKIMOS. By D. Jenness. .. aiateieeiiet (Issued ‘August 8, 1924).

VOLUME XIV: ESKIMO SONGS
PART A: SONGS OF THE COPPER ESKIMOS,
By Helen H. Roberts and D. Jenness....... senenee Rep oremons (Issued December 8, 1925).
VOLUME XV: ESKIMO LANGUAGE AND TECHNOLOGY

Part A: COMPARATIVE GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY OF THE ESKIMO DIALECTS
OF EOIN BARROW, THE MACKENZIE DELTA, AND CORONATION GUUFY
SP ee ee eee te eeecesevececcescees« (lm prepuration).

By D. J
Part B: TECHNOLOGY, OF THE COPPER ESKIMOS............. 0... cece ee ..(To be prepared).
VOLUME XVI: ARCHAEOLOGY

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF WESTERN ARCTIC AMERICA.
shape erases anes Jen GREER Ae Nae RIO WMA Diba orang ye aeatmmesgeny (CLO UE DrENGTEd w

‘

(Index issued with last number of each volume.)

REPORT

OF THE

CANADIAN ARCTIC EXPEDITION
1913-18

VOL. VII: CRUSTACEA
PART I: OSTRACODA
_ FRESHWATER OSTRACODA FROM CANADA AND ALASKA

By G. O. Sars

OTTAWA
F. A. ACLAND
PRINTER TO THE KING’S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY
1926

Tssued July 28, 1926

Cornell University

Library

The original of this book is in
the Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in
the United States on the use of the text.

http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924074095328

FRESHWATER OSTRACODA FROM CANADA AND ALASKA
By Pror. G. O. Sars,
University, Oslo, Norway.

INTRODUCTORY

The freshwater Ostracoda of North America are still rather ‘imperfectly
known, the only fairly complete account being that given by C. H. Turner in
the Synopsis of the Entomostraca of M: innesota, published in 1895. From Canada
very few species have as yet been recorded, and it will therefore be of interest
to have further knowledge of that part of the Fauna in the more northern regions
of America.

The present account is based upon collections made mainly by Mr. Frits
Johansen, and taken chiefly in the neighbourhood of Ottawa.! The collections
comprise sixteen species in all, five of which appear to be new to science, and
a 6th (Cypris barbata, Forbes) constituting the type of a new genus. This and
the five new species are figured on the five plates accompanying the present
account, and detailed descriptions of them are given in the text.

Family CYPRIDAE
Sub family CYPRINAE
Group NotopRoMIDES
Genus Cyprois Zencker

Remarxs.—Of this well-defined genus, in the restriction now generally
accepted, only a single species is as yet known, viz., C. marginata (Strauss).
I am now enabled to add another nearly allied, but evidently distinct species
from Canada.

1. Cyprois occidentalis, n. sp.
Plate I.

Speciric Cuaracters.—Female. Shell somewhat compressed, seen later-
ally (fig. 1), short oval or subquadrangular in shape, greatest height a little
behind the middle and about equal to 2 of the length, dorsal margin gently
arched in the middle; ventral margin very slightly sinuated, both extremities
obtusely rounded off, the anterior a little broader than the posterior; seen
dorsally (fig. 2), narrow ovate in outline, with the greatest width behind the
middle and scarcely exceeding 4 of the length, anterior extremity gradually
narrowed to a sharp point, posterior more obtuse. Valves very thin and trans-
parent, without any obvious sculpturing, and provided at each extremity with
a well marked hyaline rim crossed by fine curved striae, that of the anterior
extremity béing in particular very broad and conspicuous; hairy coating very
scarce. Structure of the several appendages (see figs. 4-7, 10-12) on the whole
very similar to that in the type species. |

Male (fig. 3) of smaller size than female, and slightly differing in the shape
of the shell, which is more compressed and, viewed laterally, higher in propor-
tion to the length, with the dorsal margin more arched; posterior extremity, as

1 As only three of the sixteen species listed in this raport w2r2 represented in th Arctic collestions, an apology ssem s
needed for the inclusion of the large mass of extra-limital material which is outsid> of the proper purview of the Arctic
expedition publications. The local Ottawa specimens wre s2nt to Profsssor Sars without proper explanations by the
collector, in his zeal for early publication, independeatly of th> Arctic Publicatioas Committ2>, and a3 a comprehensive
report was prepared by Professor Sars including both th2 Arctic and the southern specimens, it was thought best not to
break up the report.

17332—14

\

4 Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

in the female, obtusely rounded off. Prehensile palps of maxillipeds (figs. 8, 9)
distinctly unequal, propodus of the left palp (fig. 9) with a deep sinus about in
the middle, bounded proximally by a rather prominent linguiform expansion;
dactylus however in both palps narrow and greatly curved. Copulative append-
ages (fig. 13) comparatively smaller than in the type species and less strongly .
chitinized, differing also conspicuously in shape. Ejaculatory tubes (fig. 14)
comparatively short.

Colour not yet ascertained.

Length of adult female about 1 mm., that of male 0-90 mm.

_ , Remarxs.—The above described form is unquestionably specifically
different from C. marginata, being of much smaller size and differing conspicuous-
ly in the shape of the shell, as seen laterally. Moreover well-marked differences
are found in the prehensile palps of the maxillipeds in the male, as also in the
copulative appendages and the ejaculatory tubes.

OccurRENCE.—Two perfect specimens only of this form, a female and a
male, were picked up from a sample taken by Mr. F. Johansen, in May, 1923,
from pools at Billings bridge, Ottawa, Ont. In the same sample some detached
valves of quite young specimens were also found.

Group. ENcYPRIDES
Genus Cypris O. Fr. Mueller (sens. strict.)
2. Cypris pubera O. Fr. Mueller

OccurRENCE.—Of this large and easily recognizable Ostracod a considerable
number of specimens have been collected by Mr. F. Johansen, chiefly from
pools at Billings bridge, Ottawa, Ont., in the month of June, 1921-23.

Genus Eucypris Vavra.
3. Eucypris crassa (O. Fr. Mueller)

OccuRRENCE.—A few, somewhat damaged specimens of this peculiar species
were found in a sample taken by Mr. F. Johansen in May, 1923, from some.
pools at Billings bridge, Ottawa, Ont.

Genus Cypriconcha, new genus

GENERIC CHARACTERS.—Shell subcompressed, reniform in shape, and
scarcely at all flattened ventrally. Valves sub-equal, thin, and densely hairy,
with the edges unarmed; inner duplicatures broad, in particular behind. Anten-
nae comparatively feeble, but apparently well adapted for swimming. Mandibles
strong, with the palp distinctly articulate and the vibratory plate well developed.
Maxillae with the masticatory lobes comparatively narrow, palp rather pro-
duced and having the distal joint cylindric in shape. Prehensile palps of maxil-
lipeds in male slightly unequal, both having a very conspicuous thumb-like
process issuing inside the propodus. Legs comparatively slender, but of normal
structure. Caudal rami very much prolonged, with the dorsal edge finally
spinulose. Copulative appendages of male of moderate size and slightly lobular
behind. Ejaculatory tubes large, with numerous whorls of radiating spikes.
Spermatic vessels confined to the posterior part of the valves.

Remarxks.—This new genus is established to include the remarkable form
described below and originally recorded by Forbes as a species of the genus
Cypris. It is, however, evidently not a genuine Cypris, in the sense now gener-
ally adopted, nor can it, as believed by Turner, be referred to the genus Herpeto-
cypris, as it differs essentially in the structure of the valves, and in the posterior
antennae being provided with distinctly developed, natatory setae. As it also
otherwise exhibits some characteristic differences from the other genera included

Ostracoda 5

in the group Eucypridae, I have felt justified in regarding it as the type of a
particular genus, for which the above name is proposed. The female sex only
has hitherto beer observed. By the examination of the male specimen de-
scribed below I have been still more confirmed in the generic distinctness of the
present form. ~
‘ F
4. Cypriconcha barbata (Forbes)
Plate II

Cypris barbata Forbes, Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission
for 1891, p. 214, Pl. XX XVII, figs. 2, 3, Pl. XXX VIII, Washington, 1893.

_ Herpeto cypris barbata ‘Turner, Freshwater Ostracoda of the United States
(in C. L. Herrick, Synopsis of the Entomostraca of Minnesota, p. 316, Pl.
LXXVII, 1895, Second Report State Zoologist).

_ _Spxciric CHaracters.—Male. Shell, seen laterally (fig. 1), oblong, uniform
in shape, rather higher behind than in front, greatest height about equal to half
the length, dorsal margin almost straight in the middle and sloping rather
steeply behind, more slowly in front, ventral margin distinctly sinuated in front
of the middle and conspicuously bowed in its posterior part; anterior extremity
somewhat deflexed and obtusely rounded at the end, posterior considerably
broader and rather oblique, with the lower corner quite evenly rounded off.
Seen dorsally (fig. 2), narrow oblong in outline, with the greatest width scarcely
exceeding 4 of the length, side-edges nearly straight in the middle, both extrem-
ities pointed, the posterior more so than the anterior. Valves perfectly equal,
with the surface smooth, but all over clothed with rather coarse hairs, forming a
dense fringe around the anterior extremity; inner duplicatures remarkably
broad behind, and defined inwards by a sharply marked, curved line (see fig. 1).
Anterior antennae (fig. 3) rather slender, with the terminal part almost twice as
long as the basal one and, as usual, composed of five joints, the first of which
is about the length of the two succeeding ones combined; setae of this part
slender and elongated, forming together a dense, apical fascicle. Posterior
antennae (fig. 4) not nearly so powerfully developed as in the genus Cypris,
with the penultimate joint much shorter than the preceding one and rather
narrow, sublinear in shape; natatory setae present in the usual number and
distinctly ciliated, extending however not fully as far as the apical claws; the
latter distinctly denticulated. Anterior lip (see fig. 5) somewhat protuberant in
front. Mandibles (fig. 6) well chitinized and coarsely dentate at the extremity;
palp of moderate size and rather densely setiferous, with the vibratory plate
comparatively large and provided with six plumose setae, five on the trans-
versely truncated extremity, and one rather smaller on the anterior edge.
Maxillae (fig. 7) with the spines of the outermost masticatory lobe smooth;
palp considerably produced beyond this lobe; vibratory plate large, semilunar
in shape. Maxillipeds (fig. 8) transformed in the usual manner, the palp being
developed to a powerful, grasping organ, that on the right side somewhat larger
than that on the left (fig. 9), and having the thumb like process of the propodus
considerably more prominent; dactylus moreover exhibiting at the base a well-
marked, tridentate, lamellar expansion, only faintly indicated on the left palp.
Anterior legs (fig. 10) considerably more slender than in the genus Cypris with the
terminal part distinctly four-articulate. Posterior legs (fig. 11) still more slender,
with the apical joint knob-like and armed with a somewhat hamate spine and a
recurved seta (see fig. 12). Caudal rami (fig. 13) exceedingly long and slender,
almost attaining half the length of the shell, and somewhat flexuous, dorsal
edge with about eight succeeding combs of spinules, apical claws (according to
Forbes) contained about two and a half times in the length of the ramus.*

“These claws were broken off in the specimen examined by me; they are, however, added in the
figure from the drawing given by Forbes.
’

6 ; Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1918-18

Seta of the dorsal edge very small and attached near the apex. Copulative
appendages (fig. 14) oblong oval in shape and divided behind into two obtusely
rounded lappets. Ejaculatory tubes (fig. 15) very large and each enclosed
within a roomy, muscular sheath; both extremities funnel-shaped.

Colour, according to Forbes, a dirty yellowish-brown, with a reddish-brown
patch on either side.

Length of the specimen examined 3-40 mm.

Remarxs.—This large and handsome ostracod has hitherto only been
observed by Prof. 8. A. Forbes, who in the above-quoted paper has given a
rather full description of the female accompanied by some figures. The descrip-
tion, which has been reproduced in extenso in Mr. Turner’s monograph, agrees
on the whole pretty well with that here given; though, because the specimen
examined by me was of a different sex, some differences in the shape of the
shell, as seen laterally, are found, in addition to the sexual transformation of the
maxillipeds. Forbes gives the length of the shell to 4 mm. and supposes it to
be the largest freshwater ostracod known. It is, however, in this respect con-
siderably surpassed by some of the South African forms recorded by the present
author, particularly by the big species of the genus Megalocypris. :

OccURRENCE.—The above described solitary specimen was taken by Mr.
A. G. Huntsman on June 11, 1920, in sloughs, three miles northeast of Medicine
Hat, Alberta. Forbes obtained the species from the Yellowstone river, Yellow-
stone Park, Wyoming (1893, Prelim. Rep. Aquat. Invert. Fauna).

Genus Cypricercus G. O. Sars
5. Cypricercus affinis (Fischer)

OccURRENCE.—Several specimens of this form have been collected by F.
Johansen. They were taken at the two following localities.

Pools at Billings bridge, Ottawa, Ont., May, 1923.

Brackish pond at Teller, Port Clarence, Alaska, Aug. 3, 1913, C.A.E.*

6. Cypricercus horridus, n. sp.
Plate III, figs. 1-7.

Speciric CHARACTERS.—Female. Shell very tumid, seen laterally (fig. 1),
rather regularly oval or elliptical in shape, greatest height nearly in the middle
and ‘somewhat exceeding half the length, dorsal margin gently arched, with the
greatest curvature in the ocular region, and joining the hind-edge without any
angular bend, ventral margin slightly sinuated in the middle and somewhat
bowed in front, both extremities evenly rounded off, the anterior one consider-
ably broader than the posterior—seen dorsally (fig. 2), broadly oval in outline,
with the greatest width attaining about 3 of the length, both extremities some-
what blunted, the posterior more so than the anterior. Valves, as in the other
species of this genus pronouncedly unequal, the left one considerably overlapping
the right in front, as also somewhat behind; surface very uneven, being every-
where thickly covered with short and stout, somewhat squamiform spikes
curving as a rule, backwards, and giving the shell a very scabrous appearance;
a rather dense coating of fine hairs may also be observed. Structure of the
several limbs (see figs. 3-6) on the whole agreeing closely with that in the other
known species. Caudal rami (fig. 7) exhibiting the appearance characteristic of
the genus, being much produced, narrow linear in shape and perfectly straight,
distal apical claw not attaining half the length of the ramus.

Colour not yet ascertained.

Length of adult female 1-05 mm.

Male unknown.

*See pp. 3-4 in Part N, of this volume.

Ostracoda 7

Remarxs.—The above described form is unquestionably referable to the
genus Cypricercus, as defined by the present author in his most recent publica-
tion (Account of the Crustacea of Norway, Vol. IX, Bergen, 1925, p. 117). It
is, however, well distinguished from any of the other known species by the very
pronouncedly scabrous surface of the shell, this character having indeed given
rise to the specific name proposed. In the structure of the several appendages
I have not found any essential difference from that in.the other species. Yet,

for comparison, figures of some of the limbs have been given on the accompany-
ing plate.

_ OccurrENcE.—Three female specimens only of this easily recognizable
form have come to my notice. They were found in two samples taken by Mr.
Fr. Johansen at the two following localities :-—

Rideau canal, Ottawa, Ont., June 9, 1918 (1 specimen).
Pools at Billings bridge, Ottawa, Ont., June 16, 1923 (2 specimens).

7. Heterocypris incongruens (Ramdohr)

OccURRENCE.—This seems to be the commonest ostracod occurring in
Canada, as a rather considerable number of specimens have been collected by
Mr. F. Johansen from several places. The localities are as follows:-—

Pools at Aylmer road (near Deschenes), Que., May 15, 1921 (numerous
specimens).

Pond on the pasture at Graham Bay station, Britannia, Ottawa, Ont.,
May 28, 1922 (several specimens).

Rock-pools at Cape Gaspé, Que., Aug. 12, 1922 (numerous young specimens
and detached valves). ,

Shallow pond at Chelsea road, Que., near Ottawa, May 2, 1922 (several
specimens).

Pools along the road (grassy clay at the bottom), Port au Port, west coast
of Newfoundland, September 2, 1922 (numerous specimens).

Genus Prionocypris Bray and Norman
8. Prionocypris canadensis, n. sp.
Plate III, figs. 8-16.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.—Female. Sheil somewhat compressed, see laterally
(fig. 8) oblong trigonal in shape, greatest height in front of the middle
and not fully attaining half the length, dorsal margin gibbously arched at some
distance behind the ocular region, and sloping nearly at a straight course to
each extremity, ventral margin distinctly sinuated in the middle, anterior
extremity broadly rounded, posterior much narrower and obliquely produced,
terminating below in an obtuse corner; see dorsally (fig. 9), narrow oblong in
outline, with the greatest width about equal to two-fifths of the length, both
extremities pointed and nearly equal. Valves subequal and rather thin, semi-
pellucid, with the edges unarmed, surface smooth and only sparingly hairy.
Anterior antennae (fig. 10) with the terminal part scarcely longer than the
basal one, first joint about the length of the two succeeding ones combined,
setae rather elongated. Posterior antennae (fig. 11) with the first joint of the
terminal part moderately dilated and slightly longer than the other two com-
bined; natatory setae reduced to very small rudiments (see fig. 12). Oral
parts and legs (figs. 13-15) of quite normal structure. Caudal rami (fig. 16)
rather powerfully developed and perfectly straight, linear in shape; distal
apical claw scarcely attaining half the length of the ramus, dorsal seta small
and attached near the apex.

Colour not yet ascertained.

Length of adult female 1-40 mm.

Male unknown.

8 Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

Remarks.—The quite rudimentary condition of the natatory setae on the
posterior antennae proves this form to be referable to the genus Prionocypris,
as recently defined by the present author. In this respect it certainly agrees also
with the genus Herpetocypris; but it cannot by any means be referred to that
genus, because the structure of the valves is wholly different and agrees closely
with that found in the other species of the present genus. From these it differs
conspicuously in the shape of the shell.

OccuRRENCE.—Two female specimens of this form were found in a sample
taken by Mr. J. B. Tyrrell from a small brook in the foothills, tributary to
Middle fork, Old Man river, Alberta, August 15, 1883.

Group CYPRIDOPSIDES
Genus Cypridopsis Brady
9. Cypridopsis aculeata (Costa)

OccuRRENcE.—Some few specimens of this form were raised from a parcel
of dried mud kindly sent to me from Mr. F. Johansen, and taken by him from
a pool near Ottawa.

Genus Pionocypris Brady and Norman
10. Pionocypris vidua (O. F. Mueller)

OccuRRENCE.—This form was raised rather abundantly from the same
parcel of mud as the above named Cypridopsis. Four specimens were moreover
picked up from a sample taken by Mr. F. Johansen on June 9, 1918, from the
Rideau canal, Ottawa, Ont.

11. Pionocypris helvetica (Kaufmann)

OccuRRENCE.—Raised in my aquaria together with the preceding species.
Also found in a sample taken by Mr. F. Johansen from a pool in fields on
beaver meadow, Que., near Ottawa, on May 26, 1918.

Group CycLocLYPRIDES
Genus Cyclocypris Brady and Norman
12. Cyclocypris globosa G. O. Sars

OccuRRENCE.—Some few specimens, apparently belonging to¥this species,
were found in a sample of lake Plankton, 0-20 fathoms, three vertical hauls
with net No. 4, through hole in ice, June 12, 1916, at Bernard harbour, Dolphin
and Union strait, N.W.T.*

Genus Cypria Zencker
13. Cypria lacustris G. O. Sars
OccuRRENCE.—Found occasionally in the same sample as the Cyclocypris.

Group CANDONIDES
Genus Candona Baird
14. Candona subgibba, n. sp.
Plate IV, figs. 1-9.

SPECIFIC CHARACTERS.—Female. Shell rather compressed, seen laterally
(fig. 1) of a somewhat irregular oblong shape, greatest height scarcely attaining
half the length; dorsal margin considerably arched, forming behind the middle

*See p. 16 in Part N, of this volume.

Ostracoda 2 9

an abrupt, almost gibbous bend and sloping rather steeply behind, more slowly’
in front; ventral margin distinctly sinuated in front of the middle and curved
evenly upwards behind; both extremities obtusely rounded off, the anterior
rather broader than the posterior, which appears somewhat produced behind;
seen dorsally (fig. 2) the shell is narrow fusi-form or lancet-shaped, with the
greatest width scarcely attaining one-third of the length; both extremities
equally contracted and pointed at the end. Valves rather thin, semipellucid,
and almost bare of hairs. Anterior antennae (fig. 3) comparatively slender,
with the terminal part considerably longer than the basal one and all five joints
of about same length; setae of this part rather slender and elongated. Posterior
antennae (fig. 4) with the terminal part scarcely longer than the basal one, and,
as in the other species of this genus, without any trace of natatory setae. Oral
parts (figs. 5, 6) of the usual structure. Anterior legs (fig. 7) comparatively
slender and elongated, with the first joint of the terminal part fully as long as
the other three combined. Posterior legs (fig. 8) with the penultimate joint
distinctly subdivided, terminal joint small but having all the three apical setae
well developed. Caudal rami (see fig. 9) evenly curved and much attenuated,
with the apical claws rather slerider and considerably exceeding half the length
of the ramus; dorsal seta well developed and rather remote from the apex.
Genital lobes (ibid) unusually large, and each sending off behind a peculiar,
somewhat securi-form lappet.
Colour not yet ascertained.
Length of adult female 1-35 mm.
< Male.——Unknown.

Remarxs.—In the general outward appearance this form bears some
resemblance to the species of the genus Cryptocandona Kaufmann. It is, how-
ever, a true Candona, as proved by the structure of the several appendages, and
may easily be distinguished from most other species of that genus by the gib-
bously vaulted dorsal face of the shell. The peculiar shape of the genital lobes
is one of the most distinctive characters of the present species.

OccuRRENcE.—A solitary fully adult female specimen of this species was
-found in a sample taken by Mr. F. Johansen on Aug. 3, 1913, from a brackish
pond at Teller, Port Clarence, Alaska.* Another specimen, exactly agreeing
with the one here described had been previously picked out from a sample of
dried mud kindly forwarded to me from Prof. Ishikawa, and taken from a pond
near Tokyo, Japan.

15. Candona parvula, n. sp.
Plate IV, figs. 10-15.

Speciric CHaRACTERS.—Female. Shell less compressed than in the pre-
ceding species; seen laterally (fig. 10) rather regularly oblong oval in shape and
nearly equally high throughout, with the height about half the length; dorsal
margin almost straight and horizontal in the middle and sloping somewhat
more steeply behind than in front; ventral margin slightly sinuated; both
extremities obtusely rounded, the posterior a little broader than the anterior;
seen dorsally (fig. 11), regularly oblong in outline, with the greatest width some-
what less than the height; anterior extremity obtusely pointed, posterior a
little broader and more blunted. Valves only slightly pellucid, with the surface
smooth and of a pearly lustre. Antennae and legs (figs. 12-14) comparatively
shorter and more robust than in the preceding species. Posterior legs (fig. 14)
with the penultimate joint not subdivided; shortest apical seta very small and
hamiform, curved at the tip. Caudal rami (fig. 15) only slightly curved and
much less attenuated than in C. subgibba; apical claws rather shorter not attain-
ing half the length of the ramus. Genital lobes (ibid) simple, rounded off behind.

*See pp. 3-4 in part N, of this volume.

10 Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

Colour, opaque whitish.
Length of shell scarcely exceeding 0-56 mm.
Male.—Unknown.

REMARKS.—This is a very small species and could easily be taken for only
the young of some larger form. I have, however, found all the appendages well
developed, and, though no ripe ova were observed in the body cavity, I believe
that the specimens had arrived at their full size.

OccuRRENCE.—Several specimens of this small ostracod, all of about the
same size, were picked up from a sample taken by Mr. Fr. Johansen, May 26,
1918, from a pool on fields in beaver meadow, Que., near Ottawa.

Family CYTHERIDAE
Genus Cytherites, new genus

GENERIC CHARACTERS.—Shell short, scale-like, and much compressed,
with the valves perfectly equal and quite unarmed; surface smooth without
any obvious sculpture. Antennae rather strong and built on the usual Cyther-
idean type. Mandibles with all the parts well developed. Maxillae, however,
without any distinctly defined masticatory lobes. Legs very peculiar, all pro-
nouncedly prehensile, terminating in a subcheliform hand.

Remarxs.—The present new genus, the chief characters of which are
given above, is in particular highly distinguished by the remarkable structure of
the legs, which is unlike that found in any other Cytherid known to me, and
points to quite peculiar habits of the animal. The general shape of the shell
differs also conspicuously from that usually met with in Cytheridae and looks
more similar to that in some of the Cypridae, for instance in the species of the
genus Cypria. After all, this genus differs so essentially from the other known
Cytherida, that it should more properly be regarded as the type of a particular
subfamily.

16. Cytherites insignipes, n. sp. ’
Plate V

Speciric CHaRacTEeRs.—Female. Shell, seen laterally (fig. 1), of a short
rounded oval shape, with all the edges smoothly curved, greatest height some-
what behind the middle and attaining almost two-thirds of the length; dorsal
margin boldly arched and sloping more steeply behind than in front; ventral
margin scarcely at all sinuated; anterior somewhat oblique; posterior much
broader and obtusely blunted, with the lower corner evenly rounded off; seen
dorsally (fig. 2) the shell is very narrow lanceolate in outline, with the greatest
width not nearly attaining one-third of the length; anterior extremity somewhat
more pointed than the posterior. Valves-very thin, with the surface perfectly
smooth and almost bare of hairs, inner duplicatures apparently very narrow;
eyes not observed. Anterior antennae (fig. 4) moderately strong, with the two
joints of the basal part sharply defined and forming with each other an angular
bend; terminal part almost twice as long as the basal one, and composed of
five joints not much different in length and clothed with comparatively short,
simple setae; last joint very narrow, with three apical setae. Posterior antennae
(fig. 5) rather stout, with the penultimate joint distinctly subdivided in the
middle; last joint armed with two unequal claws, the posterior one being much
the stronger and coarsely pectinate inside; flagellum well developed, extending
almost to the extremity of the antenna. Anterior lip (see fig. 6) only slightly
bowed in front; posterior lip, as usual, strengthened by two securiform and
highly chitinised pieces (fig. 7). Mandibles (fig. 8) comparatively slender,
but well chitinised, with the extremity coarsely dentate; outermost tooth

Ostracoda yo dl

lamellar and fringed with fine spinules (see fig. 9); palp rather narrow and only —
sparingly setiferous, but armed on the tip with a coarse, claw-like spines; vibra-
tory plate small and edged with three or four slender setae. Maxillae (fig. 10)
provided at the base with a well-developed, semilunar, vibratory plate; palp
very much produced with the proximal joint narrow-fusiform in shape; distal
joint short and armed on the tip with two subequal, clawlike spine (see fig. 11).
Legs (fig. 12) comparatively short and robust, only slightly increasing in length
posteriorly, with the basal part almost bare; first joint of the terminal part
rather narrow and of somewhat different length on the several legs; the two
outer joints in all of these firmly connected, to form a somewhat dilated hand,
against which the strongly curved, nail-shaped apical claw or dactylus is seen
to impinge, the latter issuing with a broad compressed base and terminating in
a sharp, upturned point, being moreover armed inside with five long and slender,
likewise upturned spinules (see fig. 13). Caudal lamellae (comp. fig. 3) much
reduced, but not clearly made out.

Colour not yet ascertained.

Length of adult female 0-45 mm.

Male.—Unknown.

Remarxs.—The above-described remarkable ostracod is easily distinguished
from any of the hitherto recorded Cytheridae, both as to the general shape of
the shell and to the structure of the several appendages, in particular that of
the legs. It is one of the smallest known forms, and indeed the anatomical
examination has therefore been attended with no small difficulties.

OccURRENCE.—Three specimens of this interesting form were among the
Ostracoda sent to me by Mr. F. Johansen. They were contained in a separate
little tube labelled “Cythere, Canada,” the exact locality, date and collector
not being known. (Old museum specimen, perhaps collected by J. B. Tyrrell.)

12 Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

‘

LIST OF LITERATURE RECORDING RECENT FRESHWATER
OSTRACODA FROM CANADA AND ALASKA

(Compiled by Frits Johansen, Ottawa)

Apamstong, F. B., and Harkness, W. J. K., 1923: The Bottom Organisms of Lake Nipigon
(Univ. Toronto Studies, Biol. Ser., No. 22, Toronto, pp. 121-70). Records the occurrence
of ee bottom of Lake Nipigon, Ont., in 1921, on pp. 125, 127, 145, 155-60,
165-66, 168-70.

ApamstTong, F. B., 1924: The Bottom-fauna of Lake Nipigon (ibid., No. 24, pp. 43-70). Records
ostracods as found in Lake Nipigon, Ont., in 1922, on pp. 46-51, 53-57, 65.

Distribution and economic importance of the bottom-fauna of Lake Nipigon (ibid., No. 25,
pp. 83-100). Records ostracods (Candona sp., Limnocythere sp., etc.; see particularly
p. 52) as occurring at bottom and in fish-stomachs in Lake Nipigon, Ont., 1921-23, on
pp. 40-47, 51-52, 65-66, 70, 76, 78-79.

Aum, G., 1914: Beitrage zur Kenntniss der nérdlichen und arktischen Ostracodenfauna
(Arkiv fér Zoologi, Stockholm, Vol. IX, No. 5, 20 pp., 1 plate). Records, on p. 4,
Eucypris affinis hirsuta Fisch., from Topsail, south end of Conception bay, east coast
of Newfoundland, collected by Lindahl on August 21, 1871 (one female);: and, from
Grantley harbour, Port Clarence, Alaska, collected by the Swedish ‘‘Vega’” Expedition,
on July 23, 1879. Also, on p. 7, Cypridopsis vidua O. F. Muell. (female) and Cypria
exsculpta Fisch. (male and female) are recorded from Topsail, Newfoundland.

Baxter, J. McG., 1903: Microscopic forms in freshwater (Proc. Nat. Hist. Assoc. Miram., No.
III, Chatham, pp. 5-10). Mentions, on p. 7, cyprids as found in ponds near Chatham,
N.B.

1905: Freshwater-life (ibid., No. IV, pp. 12-18). Mentions, on pp. 14, 17-18, cyprids as
observed in freshwater from Chatham, N.B.

BicsLtow, N. K., 1923: The Plankton of Lake Nipigon and environs (Univ. Toronto Stud.,
Biol. Ser., No. 22, Toronto, pp. 39-66). Records, on pp. 59-60, Cypria sp., Candona sp.,
Spirocypris tuberculata Sharpe, Limnocythere reticulata Sharpe, Illyodromus pectinatus
Sharpe, from Lake Nipigon, Ont., collected in 1921.

1924: The food of young suckers in Lake Nipigon (ibid., No. 24, pp. 81-116). Records
ostracods as found in the stomachs of Catostomus commersoniit in Lake Nipigon in
1921-22, on pp. 88-91, 93-94, 96-100, 104-05, 109.

CLemens, W. A., and Bicrtow, N. K., 1922: The food of Ciscoes (Leucichthys) in Lake Erie
(ibid., No. 20, pp. 39-54). Records, on p. 51, ostracods as found in the stomach of L.
harengus in Georgian bay, Ont.

(This article is reprinted in Contrib. Canad. Biol. for 1921, Toronto, 1922, pp. 87-101;
ostracods mentioned on p. 99.)

Ciemens, W. A., Drmonp, J. R., Brertow, N. K., and Apamsrons, F. B., 1923: The food of
Lake Nipigon fishes (ibid., No. 22, pp. 171-88). Records, on pp. 175-81, 183-84, ostra-
ce (Cypria sp. and Candona sp.) found in fish stomachs from Lake Nipigon, Ont., in

Ciemens, W. A., Dymonp, J. R., and Bicrtow, N. K., 1924: Food-studies of Lake Nipigon
fishes (ibid., No. 25, pp. 101-66). Record ostracods as occurring in the stomachs of
fishes from Lake Nipigon, Ont., in 1921-23, on pp. 105-11, 114-20, 126-28, 133-35,

\ 1387-46, 157, 161-62.

Cusuman, J. A., 1908: Freshwater Crustacea from Labrador and Newfoundland (Proc. U.S.N.M.
Vol. 33, pp. 705-13, Plates LVIII-LXII, Washington). Describes, on p. 706 and Plate
LVI], figs. 1-10, Herpetocypris testudinaria n. sp. from a pond on Funk island, north
ao of Newfoundland (about 30 miles off the Labrador coast), collected by O. Bryant
in May, :

Forrster, R. E., 1925: Studies in the ecology of the Sockeye Salmon (Contrib. Canad. Biology,
New Ser., Vol. II, pp. 335-422, Toronto). Mentions, on Table 18, and on pp. 405-06
the finding of ostracoda in the stomachs of young Oncorhynchus nerka from Cultus and
Hicks lakes on the lower Fraser river, B.C., in the spring of 1923.

Ostracoda 13

Huntsman, A. G., 1913: Invertebrates other than insects and molluscs (Nat. Hist. Toronto
Region, Toronto, pp. 272-87). Mentions, on p. 275, Nicholson’s record of Cypris sp. ?,
from Lake Ontario, near Toronto.

1922: The Quill Lakes of Saskatchewan and their fishery possibilities (Contrib. Canad.
Biol., New Ser., Vol. I, Toronto, pp. 125-41). Records, on p. 132, ostracods (Limno-
cythere reticulata, etc.), from Quill lakes in Sask. (lat. 52 degrees N., long. 104 degrees
W.), collected by him and Prof. A. Willey in the spring of 1920.

JOHANSEN, Fairs, 1921: Insect Life on the western arctic coast of America (Rep. Can. Arct-
Exped. 1913-18, Vol. III, Part K, Ottawa, p. 19).

1922: Euphyllopod Crustacea of the American Arctic (ibid., Vol. VII, Part G, p. 3).

1922: The Crustacean life of some arctic lagoons, lakes and ponds (ibid., Vol. VII, Part N,
pp. 4, 16). Freshwater ostracods observed in Alaskan and Western Canadian Arctic
mentioned in these three papers.

1921: The larger freshwater Crustacea from Canada and Alaska (Canad. Field-Natur.,
Ottawa, Vol. 35, pp. 89, 92).

1923: Additional Notes on Euphyllopod Crustaceans (ibid., Vol. 37, p. 2).
1924: Further Notes on Canadian Euphyllopods (ibid., Vol. 38, pp. 1, 4, 7).
In these three articles the occurrence (1921-23) of ostracods in ponds around

Ottawa, Ont., is mentioned; and “‘mussel-shrimps” is proposed as the popular English
name for these crustacea.

Kuveu, A. B., 1921: Notes on Canadian Entomostraca (ibid., Vol. 35, pp. 72-73). Records, on
p. 73, Cypridopsis vidua O. F. Muell., Cyclocypris laevis O. F. M., and Cypris dentata
Sharpe, from near Kingston, Ont.; and Cypris testudinaria Sharpe, from Aylmer West,
Elgin county (north shore of Lake Erie), collected by himself and H. C. White.

1923: A new Cyclocypris from eastern Canada (Trans. Roy. Can. Inst., Toronto, Vol. XIV,
pp. 337-42, Plate XX VII). Describes C. castanea n. sp. from freshwater pools near St.
Andrews, N. B., collected by himself in June, 1921 (together with Cypridopsis vidua,
Cypris reticulata, Candona paralella, Cyclocypris laevis) and in Chamcook lake (near
St. Andrews), N.B., collected by himself in 1922 (p. 337). ~ ;

Nicuotson, H. A., 1872: Preliminary Report on dredgings in Lake Ontario in 1872 (Annals and
Magazine of Natural History, London, 4th Ser., Vol. X, pp. 276-85). Practically the
same article as in Canad. Journal, Toronto, Vol. XIII; ostracods mentioned on pp.
278, 281. 2

1873: Contrib. Fauna Canad. (Canad. Journal, New Ser., Toronto, Vol. XIII, pp. 490-506).
Mentions, on pp. 493, 501, Cypris sp. ? as common in muddy bottom of Lake Ontario,
at 10-15 fathoms. :

Sars, G. O., 1915: Entomostraca of Georgian Bay (Contrib. Canad. Biol. for 1911-14, II, Ottawa,
pp. 221-22). Records on-p. 222, Cyclocypris serena Koch, from the Biolog. Station at
Go Home bay, Georgian bay, Ont. (Lake Huron), collected by E. M. Walker in the
summer of 1907. Giese. |
1925: An Account of the Crustacea of Norway, Vol. IX, Ostracoda, Bergen (in publication).
Mentions, on p. 187, the collecting of Pionocypris helvetica Kaufm. at Ottawa, Ont.,
by F. Johansen. (See this C. A. E. report.) :

Sarre, R. W., 1918: Ostracoda (Ward and Whipple’s Freshwater-Biology, New York, pp.
790-827). Mentions, on p. 813, the occurrence of Herpetocypris testudinaria Cushman
in ponds on Newfoundland.

Wier, A., 1923: Notes on the distribution of free-living Copepoda in Canadian waters (Contrib.
Canad. Biol., New Ser., Vol. I, Toronto, pp. 303-34, ill.). Records, on pp. 305, 311-12,
two species of Ostracoda (Candona paralella and Cypria ophthalmica) from Shubena-
cadie river, at the head of Minas basin, on the west side of Nova Scotia, collected by A.
H. Leim in July-August, 1919 and 1920.

14

CEN aanPepe

Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES
Plate I.
Cyprois occidentalis G. O. Sars, n. sp.

. Adult female, viewed from left side.

Same, dorsal view.

. Adult male, seen from right side.

Anterior antenna.
Posterior antenna.
Mandible with palp.

. Maxilla (without the vibratory plate).
. Left maxilliped of male.

. Palp of right maxilliped.

. Anterior leg.

. Posterior leg.

. Extremity of body, with caudal ramus and genital lobe, seen from left side.
. Copulative appendage of male.
. Ejaculatory tube.

Rep. Can.

G. O. Sars, delin. , i :
Cyprois occidentalis, G. O. Sars.

16

Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.

PEN onk wee

Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

Plate II.
Cypriconcha barbata (Forbes)

. Adult male, seen from left side.

Same, dorsal view.
Anterior antenna,

. Posterior antenna.

Lips seen from left side.
Mandible with palp.

Maxilla with vibratory plate.
Right maxilliped.

. Palp of left maxilliped.

. Anterior leg.

. Posterior leg.

. Extremity of same, more highly magnified.
. Caudal ramus.

. Copulative appendage.

. Ejaculatory tube.

Plate II

Rep. Can. Arctic Exped., Vol. VII, Part I, Ostracoda.

G. O. Sars, delin.
7 : Cypriconcha barbata (Forbes).

18

Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.

Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.

NOoPRWNH

Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

Plate III.

Cypricercus horridus G. O. Sars, u. sp.

. Adult female, seen from right side.

Same, dorsal view.

. Posterior antenna.

. Maxilla (without the vibratory plate).
. Maxilliped.

. Posterior leg.

. Caudal ramus.

Prionocypris canadensis G. O. Sars, n. sp.

. Adult female, seen from left side.

. Same, dorsal view.

. Anterior antenna.

. Posterior antenna.

. Piece of same more highly magnified, showing the rudimentary natatory sectac.
. Mandibular palp.

. Maxilla (without the vibratory plate).

. Posterior leg.

. Caudal ramus.

Rep. Can. Arctic Exped., Vol. VII, Part 1, Ostracoda.

Plate Ill

Leta pe,
ie

Bee
yer

G. O. Sars, delin. 7. Cypricercus horridus, G. O. Sars.
16.

Prionocypris canadensis. G. O. Sars

1-
8-

20

Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.

Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.
Fig.

Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18

Plate IV.
Candona subgibba G. O. Sars, u. sp.

. Adult female, seen from left side.

Same, dorsal view.

. Anterior antenna.

Posterior antenna.

. Mandible with pulp.

. Maxilla (without the vibratory plate).

. Anterior leg.

. Posterior leg.

. Extremity of body, with caudal ramus and genital lobe, seen from left side.

Candona parvula G. O. Sars, v. sp.

. Female, seen from left side.

. Same, dorsal view.

. Posterior antenna.

. Anterior leg.

. Posterior leg.

. Extremity of body, with caudal ramus and genital lobe, seen from left side.

Plate IV

Rep. Can. Arctic Exped., Vol. VII, Part I, Ostracoda.

G. O. Sars, delin. 1-9, Candona subgibba, G. O. Sars.
10-15, Candona parvula, G. O. Sars.

22 Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1918-18

Plate V.
Cytherites insignipes G. O. Sars, u. gen. and sp.

Fig. 1. Adult female, seen from left side.
Fig. 2. Same, dorsal view.

Fig. 3. Right valve with enclosed body, more highly magnified; left valve removed in order to show
the several appendages in their natural position.

Fig. 4. Anterior antenna.

Fig. 5. Posterior antenna.

Fig. 6. Lips seen from left side.

Fig. 7. Chitinous frame of the posterior lip, seen from above.
Fig. 8. Mandible with palp.

Fig. 9. Extremity of same, more highly magnified, to show the dentation of the cutting edge.

Fig. 10. Mandible with vibratory plate.

Fig. 11. Same, extremity of the palp, more highly magnified.

Fig. 12. Right series of legs.

Fig. 13. Extremity of a leg, more highly magnified, to show the structure of the subcheliform hand.

(September, 1925.)

G. O. Sars, delin.

Cytherites insignipes, G. O. Sars

Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18.

VOLUME I: GENERAL INTRODUCTION, NARRATIVE, ETC. \

Part A: NORTHERN PARTY, 1913-18......0..c..c0cccccccecmeecsvecesnesceue sees (Tobe preparel).
Part B: SOUTHERN PARTY, 1913-16. By Rudoiph Martin Anderson .. Un Preparation),

VOLUME II: MAMMALS AND BIRDS -

Part A: MAMMALS OF WESTERN ARCTIC AMERICA. By Rudolph Martin Anderson. ioe :

thsi eel Scan scien ad Snares gle\sew anor ud: sarees steeavine haguivie Wdacdg lear Bea dares apenas pues auasauaua ara incs. A ebei n preparation
Part B: BIRDS OF WESTERN ARCTIC AMBRIGA, By R. M. Anderson...... (In preparation)

VOLUME II: INSECTS
INTRODUCTION. By C. Gordon Hewitt...... ‘

Part A: COLLEMBOLA. By Justus W. Folsom............
Part B: NEGRO EEEEGID IN SECTS. By Nathan Ranks...
Part C: DIPTER.

Chee files: By Gharles B, oo

Mosquitoes. By Harrison G. D

Diptera. (excluding Tipulide snd a Culicide, By J. RB. Seite - (Issued July 14, 1919),
pa D: MALLOPHAGA AND ANOPLU

‘Mallophaga. By A. W W Baker ;

Anoplta Fad GF. Ferris and G. H. F. Nuttall...........5 sey September 12, 1919).,

. (Issued December 10, 1929).
.... (Issued July 10, 1919).
.. (Issued July 11, 1919).

ean E: COLEOPTE

Forest oe including Ipidx, Cerambycide, and sreectiin By J. M. Swaine
Carabide and Silphide. By H.C. Fall: :
Cocuipelise Piston Chrysomelide and Rhynchophora (excluding Ipide). By C.W,Leng.
, Dytiscide. By J. D. Sherman, Jr..........cccccseecceuecens (Issued December 12, 1919).
Part F: HEMIPTERA. By Edward P. VanDuzee..........ccececcceeeeeseeeece (Essued July 1 1, 1919).
Part G: HYMENOPTERA AND PLANT GALLS. : ,
Sawflies. (Tenthredinoidea.)’ By Alex. D. MacGillivray.
Parasitic Hi yanieno pith: By Charles T. Brues.
Wasps and Bees. By’F. W. L. Sladen. : gos '
Plant Galls. By E: Porter Felt ..........ccccececeeevece ern - Issued November 8, 1919).
Part H: SPIDERS, MITES AND MYRIAPODS, ~ i
Spiders. By J. H. Emerton. i :
Mites. By Nathan Banks.

Myriapods. By Ralph V. Chamberlin................000 Siw wears (Ussued July 14, 1919).

Part I: LEPIDOPTERA. By Arthur pibson eat iud panceieiersineeacicans eaves speci dass oielatotalae (Issued January 10, 1920).

Part J: ORTHOPTERA. By E. M. Walker...........00....0.......0.8, \, (Issued September Vis 1920).
Part ra INSECT be ae ON THE WESTERN ARCTIC COAST OF. AMERICA. By Frits
+Johansen ......... eee cece ee oiads 4 vawes Seer eek LEN oR eAZwERS (Issued November 7% 1921).
Part L: GENERAL INDEX i duevefodavons idvevgra: evs tt dnaiaia anceeraoearake séeceiete- fei te vidanoreae _.(Issued December , 1922).

1 ‘

_ VOLUME IV: BOTANY .
Part A: FRESHWATER ALGAE AND FRESHWATER DIATOMS. By Charles W. Lowe.

iateuavecs asecaysld’ aE tipse Bee BONES VEU deeds alee Setayele Wowie wees Boller wah 2 (Issued Hetrvary 20, 1923).
Part B: MARINE ALGAE. By F. S. Collins and Marshall A. Hoe lahat can (In preparation),
Part C: FUNGI. By John Dearness ... (Issued June 1, 1923).
Part D: LICHENS. By Ge Fee GIO ose ccs gave bean ees (aie nnn Sada eeige ea Ussued July 16, 1924).
Part E; MOSSES. By Ro S. Williams. ... (Issued February 8, 1921).
Part F: MARINE DIATOMS. By Albert Mana fer barbiNalie aicloas diedles ait (Issued November 18, 1925).

VOLUME V: BOTANY ’
Part A: VASCULAR PLANTS. By James M. Macoun and Theo. Holm... (Issued October 14, 1921).
Part B: CONTRIBUTIONS TO. MORPHOLOGY, SYNONYMY AND ‘GEOGRAPHICAL DIS-
TRIBUTION OF ARCTIC PLANTS. By Theo. Holm..... (Issued February 10, 1922).
Part C: GENERAL NOTES ON ARCTIC VEGETATION. By Frits Johansen (Issued October 7, 1924).

VOLUME VI: FISHES, TOMICATES: ETC.

Part A: FISHES. By F. Johansen (In preparation).

Part B: ASCIDIANS, ETC. By A. G. Huntsman............... ae November 29, 1922).
VOLUME VU: CRUSTACEA :

Part A: DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS. By Mary J. Rathbun.............. (Issued August 18,1919).
Part B: SCHIZOPOD SR Ue ACE Ne. By Waldo L. Schmitt. b sesetets ,. (Issued September 22, 1919).
’ Part C: CUMACEA. By W. Caliban sess svacist cassava xbase sya sere (Issued October 15, 1920).
Part D: ISOPODA. | By P. L. aa canet Fe vahsansenian edaregtemeane Seid ates ravens dare neeeas (Issued November 10, 1920).
Part E: AMPHIPODA. By Clarence R. Shoemaker...........:..ceseeees (Issued September 7, 1920).
Part. F: PYCNOGONIDA. By Leon J. Cole.........scseeteee seen eee e eee (Issued January 3, 1921).
Part G: EUPHYLLOPODA.. By F. Johansen..........:.:.eeeees ied bueoronatata siecle (Issued May 10, 1922).
Part H: CLADOCERA. By Chancey- VUIAY s Ssn sawas wees eee ve Nyeye Melee RG aise ¥ (Issued June 28, 1920).
Part I: OSTRACODAs By G.O. Sateen cvs. sean ca seaciie asada vee viewassis € ames game seated (In press).
Part J: FRESHWATER COPEPODA. By. C. Dwight iiareh | eects 11 Ussued April £1, 1920).
Part K: MARINE COPEPODA. By A. Willey......c.ccccsceteeneeeeeneceeens (Issued June 25, 1920).

Part L: PARASITIC COPEPODA. By Charles B. Wilson...

(Issued August 6, 1920).

Part M: CIRRIPEDIA. By H. A. Pilsbry.......0.0 000 cceccecncscgsrecucetnsetataees (In preparation).

Part N: THE Lone eels LIFE oF SOME. ARCTIC LAGOONS, LAKES AND PON
By F. Johansen segueesas op Stale tea By aaw aya rsropa dud x bis: Foa Shoveneyere pineaenies "Ussued December 30, 1922).

|