CULTURAL DIRECTIONS FOR 1HE ROSE. ¥. CRANSTON. | LIBRARY =. uli wy | eee Os a In Memory of ELEANOR GAMBEE May 1996 LIBRARY THE NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARBEN RRC ONE QAR S Rea Crem ieee) | | : ist ve laee) ns —_ 7 _ L a, 2 | = = aeeies a 7 we oon, a. 4 bidg ¥ CE oh & sX <7 Bl “- J went & JOLH us < (Af ane ac Se CULTURAL DIRECTIONS rok THE ROSE, WITH FULL DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE NEWEST AND BEST ROSES IN CULTIVATION, SELECTIONS ADAPTED TO VARIOUS CIRCUMSTANCES AND SITUATIONS, AND A CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS. Ga he performed turing each Mouth thramghout the Year. ALSO A COMPLETE CATALOGUE OF ROSES INTRODUCED UP TO THE PRESENT TIME. TOoOHN: CRANSTON, KING’S ACRE NURSERIES, NEAR HEREFORD. Se VENT HE DARON:. REV US 2)? 1888. 145° (RG vai (S88 H. M. POLLETT & Co., HORTICULTURAL AND GENERAL STEAM PRINTERS, FANN STREET, ALDERSGATE STREET, Lonnon, E.C. CONTENTS. PART |. ARRANGEMENT OF “CLASSES . ‘ 5 : ; : f Crossing oR HyBRrIDISING . : : : : : DirreRENT Forms or Growinc Roses DisBuUDDING DistasesS—Minpriw, Rep Funeus, &c. 3 : EXHIBITING AND Curtinc BLooms For SHOW Forcinc . ; ; : : ; Growina Roses in Pots ror GREENHOUSE, &c. InsEcTS LABELS ‘ : : ; : : . : : MANURE. ‘ ; s : ; ‘ PLANTING . , : : : é : , ; : Propacatine, BY Buppine, GRAFTING, Laverne, Currine, Xe. PROPERTIES OF A GooD RosE . : ; PROTECTING. PRUNING . i : r : : ; Raising SEEDLINGS . é : ; : RosarRiuM, AND ITs ARRANGEMENTS RosE CONSERVATORIES. SELECTING VARIETIES . SITUATIONS . ‘ , : ; ; , 3 : Som, . ‘ : : ; 4 s 3 ; : ; Srocks—Tue Doc Rosr, Manerti, CEnuini, &e. 4 2 PART II. A CxHoIce SELECTION OF THE MOST ESTEEMED VARIETIES OF Roses IN CULTIVATION, WITH SHORT Descriptions, &c. Summer Roses— Alba, or White Rose . Austrian Briar Rose Damask Rose . French Rose : Hybrid Bourbon Rose. Hybrid China Rose Moss Rose. : Provence or Cabbage Rone é Sweet Briar Rose Scotch Rose Ciimpinc Roses-— Ayrshire Rose Banksian Rose Boursault Rose . Evergreen Rose . Hybrid of Ayrshire 5 Hybrid Climbing, the Musk, Ae the Peace Rees Multiflora Rose . AvutumNnaL RosEes— Bourbon Rose China Rose Damask Perpetual he Hybrid Noisette. Hybrid Perpetual Rose Hybrid Tea-scented Macartney Rose . Musk Rose. Microphylla Rose Miniature China Rose. Noisette Rose : Perpetual Moss Rose . Perpetual Scotch Rose Tea-scented Rose PAGE _ 69 SeLzct List or Roses apaprep To Various CrrcUMSTANCES, SITUATIONS, &c. . 1.—Selection for Town Gardens, where much smoke prevails. 2.--Selection for the North of England, Scotland, and Cold Localities 3.—Selection of One Hundred of the finest Exhibition Roses Selection of Fifty nassatios’ Selection of Twenty-four Varieties 4.—Selection for Bedding, tees or Planting in masses . 5.—Selection of the best Climbing ee for ae or Kast Wall . Selection for a West or North Wall, or for Open Trellis Work . 6.—Selection of the finest Pillar or Pole Roses . 7.—Selection of the best Weeping Roses 8.—Six best Yellow Roses 9. —Six best White Roses. 10. — Six of the best Crimson Roses _ 11.—Six of the finest Dark Roses 12.—Selection of the finest Roses for Pot estes 13.—Selection of the finest Roses for F orcing 14.—Thirty-six of the finest Roses for growing as Specimens, in Pots for Exhibition P 15.—Beds of Roses of brilliant and decided colours 16.—Very highly-scented Roses . CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR EACH MoNTH THROUGHOUT THE YEAR . COMPLETE CATALOGUE OF RoszEs 135 143 Vax : A PREFACE. Ir is now thirty years since I published the first edition of ‘Cultural Directions for the Rose,” and the last and sixth edition has been for some time out of print. I have long been called upon by a very large circle of Rosarians and friends to publish a new edition of my Rose book. I do so in the hope that it may prove to be of some service to the amateur in the cultivation of the Rose. In brmging out this, the seventh edition, it has been my object to make it as practicable and useful as possible to the amateur, giving what further experience I have gained in the cultivation of this beautiful and most popular of all English flowers. I have also taken considerable pains in the selec- tion of varieties recommended for cultivation, and have been careful to select only the most reliable, taking both old and new Roses, which have been introduced up to the present time. In addition, I have given at the end of my book a complete catalogue of Roses introduced up to this date, and containing upwards of 2,000 varieties, with the class or family to which each belongs, the raiser’s name, the date (representing the year of intro- duction), colour, size, and habit of growth. There are obvious difficulties to encounter in preparing such a list, and in placing it at the service of my readers, I do so in the hope that it will be found valuable and interesting. I have taken great pains and trouble to make the list as complete as possible, and as far as reliable information is obtainable I have endeavoured to make it the most compre- hensive and exhaustive catalogue of Roses published up to the present time. NURSERIES, Kine’s Acre, Nr. HErREForD. April, 1888. CULTURAL DIRECTIONS FOR THE ROSE. Part I. HERE is no flower so well adapted to our changeable climate as the Rose, and certainly none with equal beauty possessing so many valu- able properties. In the Rose may be found almost every shade of colour, endless varieties of form, size, etc., a delicious fragrance not to be met with in any other flower, considerable diversity of habit, and a hardiness of constitution that admits of its adaptation to every purpose for which it may be required in the flower garden. To contrast the wonderful difference existing in the habit and character of Roses, would alone open a subject for long contemplation. Take for instance the miniature China or Fairy Roses, which grow only a few inches in height, and compare them with the rambling Ayrshire and other climbing Roses, which often attain a height of twenty to thirty feet ; the characteristic distinctions between the Moss and the Gallica Roses, the Tea-scented and the Hybrid Perpetual, the summer and the autum- nal; the variations in form, colour, and size to be met with in each of these families are alike equally 8 remarkable, and form a striking instance of the wonderful works of the Creator. With so vast a difference as is here to be met with, the almost endless number of varieties is not so much to be wondered at. With the exception of the introduction of a few distinct species, this work has been accomplished by hybridizing and cross breeding; and with a flower so very popular as the Rose, and which bears seed so freely, it is natural to suppose that the work of raising seedlings would be taken in hand by all who are fond of this most interesting pursuit. Until of late years little has been accomplished by English amateurs and cultivators, which has often surprised me. With the French it has been otherwise, and to them we are indebted for nearly all our finest Roses, and if we may judge by the quantity of new varieties annually introduced, they doubtless find it profitable as well as interesting. It maybe said, and that justly, that our climate is not so suitable for raising seedlings as that of France (especially the south). This, however, would apply more to tender kinds, which certainly do not mature their seed thoroughly in this country unless artificial means are adopted. Nevertheless, we have hardy seed-bearing Roses in abundance, which are quite as prolific with us as in France, and in favourable seasons ripen their seed as well. My opinion is, that if the crossing and raising of seedlings were taken up by English amateurs and cultivators with the same amount of energy which 9 has been displayed by the French, the constitution of our Roses would be much improved. Of late, too many of our new Roses have been deficient in two most important properties, viz., freedom of growth and hardiness of constitution, and it more frequently happens than otherwise that a first-class Rose of exquisite form and colour is either of bad habit, or too delicate to withstand our cold season. This delicacy has doubtless been produced by crossing the hardier perpetuals too freely with the Tea-scented and other tender sorts. In crossing and raising new varieties, more re- gard should be paid to the habit and constitution of the plants. Too many varieties crossed with the tender Tea-scented Roses have of late been intro- duced, and many of these rarely withstand a very severe winter; it is therefore necessary that the habit and constitution of our Roses should be improved, and never will this be accomplished until the task is taken up spiritedly by English amateurs and florists. Botanists have divided the Rose into sections, and again into species and sub-species, although the original species of each section is not easily defined, nor, in fact, has the origin of all been ascertained. So numerous has been the production of garden varieties, that florists have thought it necessary to make divisions and sub-divisions, taking the original species for the type, wherever it could be correctly ascertained ; but in too many instances a slight difference in the leaf or habit produced by cross breeding appears to have justi- ———— 10 fied the adoption of a new section or family. It therefore often becomes a difficult matter to know, even by those well experienced in such matters, how to arrange the varieties correctly, according to their respective divisions, and few agree entirely as to the location of certain varieties which pro- perly belong as much to one class as to another. It will be well, therefore, in all cases where practicable, to diminish rather than to increase the number of families or divisions. All Roses may be included in one or other of two great divisions, viz., Summer-blooming and Perpetual-blooming. The Summer-blooming are varieties which bloom only once during the season, though they vary as to the duration and time of flowering, some commencing earlier and_ lasting only a short time in bloom, others commencing later and lasting two or three weeks ; thus, with a collection of the Summer-blooming Roses, a succession of flower may be had for five or six weeks, The autumnal or perpetual-blooming Roses are such as, in the open air, bloom from June till November, or with the assistance of glass may be had in bloom nearly the whole of the year. Roses may be grown in a great variety of forms, and their habit and character are such as to admit of their being adapted to a variety of purposes in the garden. Hence we have what are called Standard Roses, Half-standard, Dwarf-standard, Dwart, Weeping, Climbing, Pillar or Pole Roses, Pot Roses, &e. Lf Standard Roses are usually from four to five feet high. The height of the stem should be adjusted according to the vigour of the variety, the object being to form a head to the plant, which, when grown would appear in unison with the height of the stem. Half-standard Roses are budded upon stems from two to two-and-a-half feet in height, varieties of less vigorous habit being used than are required for standard Roses. Dwarf-standard Roses have stems from one foot to fifteen inches in height; these are rarely used for other than the most dwarf and delicate-growing kinds, such as the dwarf-growing Hybrid Perpetual and Bourbon Roses. The Tea-scented Roses suc- ceed admirably upon these low stems, either for planting out or for pot culture. Dwarf Roses are either budded or grafted upon stocks a few inches in height, or struck by cuttings or layers ; this mode of growing Roses is suitable to varieties of every description, whatever their habit of growth may be, and can he made to assume various forms. Weeping Roses are varieties of the climbing or other vigorous-growing sorts, budded upon stems of the Dog Rose, four, five to six feet in height, and trained so as to form pendulous trees. These are very beautiful objects, but unless in sheltered situa- tions, require to be securely tied to strong stakes, otherwise during a heavy gale of wind thev are almost sure to be blown down. 12 Pillar or Pole Roses.—This form of growing Roses is considered by many to be the most natural and beautiful. Certainly, no plant can be more handsome than a well-grown and properly trained pillar Rose. It is not all Roses that can be made to assume this form, and it would be useless to make the attempt with such sorts as are not suitable. To form handsome pillar Roses six to eight feet in height, such varieties must be chosen as are vigorous or robust in habit, yet not too rambling. Many of the Hybrid Chinas and Hybrid Bourbons are suitable ; so are many of the stronger growers of the Hybrid Perpetuals, Bourbons, Noisettes, &c. The climbing Roses are sometimes used for this purpose, for which they are well adapted, provided the poles are of sufficient height, which should not be less than from ten to twelve feet, and made thoroughly secure. A good support for pillar Roses may be obtained in larch poles, which are very durable ; and if: they can be procured with portions of the roots attached, these will assist in keeping them firm in the ground. The yew is perhaps the best of all, and certainly no other is so durable. Having occasion to destroy some old yew tree hedges, which had been growing more than sixty years, | had them taken up with some portions of their roots left on, and the side branches projecting six or nine inches ; these have a very rustic appearance, and the snags which are left on are useful for the purpose of training the shoots tied to them. Climbing Roses are the most vigorous of all 13 Roses, and are used whenever a considerable space is to be covered in a short time. They are very suitable for covering old buildings, rough banks, old roots, and trunks of trees, arbours, archways, &c. ; also for avenues and festoons, &c. Some of the best varieties are used for training against houses. Wherever planted, they thrive and make rapid growth, and when allowed to grow in a wild and natural form in dingles or upon sloping ground, have a very picturesque and beautiful appearance. Bedding Roses are varieties of dwarf Roses, which are used for planting in groups or beds. Varieties of the most decided and attractive colours are usually used for this purpose, and these when planted in large masses (distinct varieties being used for each group) are very effective ; indeed, nothing can possibly be more beautiful than large groups of Roses of one kind when in full bloom. Suitable varieties for this as well as selections for other pur- poses will be found towards the end of this book. Tue RosaRiIuM AND ITS ARRANGEMENT.—The form or design of a Rosarium should be as simple and uniform as possible. A geometrical figure with gravel walks and box or tile edging is best. The beds may be parallelograms, ovals, or circles, arranged according to the form of the ground and other circumstances. In no instance, however, should the beds be more than seven or eight feet in width, and the walks three to four feet if the Rosarium is on a large scale, and the beds eight feet in width; the main walks should not be less than five feet. 14 A terrace or mound should be formed on one or more sides, where the whole can be seen from one point; the effect when viewed trom above, when all the plants are in full bloom, is very striking and beautiful, and will amply repay this extra expense. It will likewise form an excellent boundary, which should in all cases be made to separate the Rosarium from the other parts of the garden. The beds being of moderate width and a path to correspond, will allow each plant to be examined, tended, and the flowers gathered without incon- venience, or the beds being trampled upon, which in wet weather would be injurious. If the situation to be appropriated to the Rosarium is exposed to the north-east or north-west winds, an evergreen fence should be planted to afford pro- tection. Though of slow growth (unless plants of large size can be obtained), nothing would har- monise so well or be so well suited to the purpose as a yew or holly hedge. wouu —0aeaeaeeS«=saoqaoaonoaos=oOSS 22 of every description, and now so generally acknow- ledged and understood, that few gardens or new grounds are now made without this first and all- important work being well carried out ; therefore it is necessary to be done in cases where it has been previously neglected. After being assured that the drainage of the soil is perfect, let the ground intended for the Rosery be trenched to the depth of eighteen inches to two feet, and thrown up into ridges as the operation proceeds. If this is performed in the autumn, a few frosts and drving winds during winter will soon make the stiftest soil friable and in good working condition ; when it has become dry, mellow, and pulverised, let it be levelled down and formed into beds, or other- wise properly arranged for the reception of the plants. Good rotten manure will then be all that is required to be added, and of this let a good thick dressing be well incorporated with the soil where the Roses are to be planted. With ordinary black garden soils, spoken of as being prevalent in town gardens, mix the stiffest loam that can be procured, and less of stable manure, for this latter will tend to lighten the soil, which we want to make as stiff as possible. If the loam has a tendency to clay, it will be all the better, and instead of stable manure let liquid manures be used during the growing season. This kind of soil should be trodden as firm as possible, and the plants would be greatly benefited by a mulching of manure placed upon the surface. Gravelly soils will require to be loosened to the 23 depth, if possible, of eighteen inches, but should the subsoil be of a very gravelly nature, it should not be brought to the surface. This description of soil soon eats away or exhausts a quantity of manure, hence the term a “hungry soil.” Liberal dressings must be given, and those which are the most lasting and cooling are the best, such as cow dung and pig dung, A mixture also of stiff loam and decayed vegetable matter of any kind will greatly improve them. Sandy soils will require somewhat similar treat- ment to the above, but if very light and shallow will demand a greater abundance of loam, or clay would be preferable. They would also be greatly bene- fited by having the manure placed upon the surface, which would prevent excessive evaporation during hot weather. Whatever manure is mixed with the soil should be well decayed, and, if possible, use cow dung or night soil. The soil should be loosened to the depth of eighteen inches, and loam or clay mixed with it to the depth of twelve or fifteen inches ; afterwards make it as firm as possible. Peat and bog soils are both much improved by an admixture of loam. Trench as recommended for loamy soils. Burnt clay may be here used with the greatest advantage — indeed, it is serviceable to every description of soil; and perhaps few materials im- prove old, worn-out soils so much as burnt earth, wood ashes, and wood charcoal. In low, damp situations it will be well, in preparing the ground, to elevate the soil in the beds six or eight inches above the surface level. In the bottom of the bed a layer 24 of old mortar and brickbats placed a few inches in thickness would tend to keep the soil dryer, and consequently less liable to become sodden. In preparing for the Tea-scented and China Roses to be grown upon their own roots, a little more care and forethought will be necessary, not only in the preparation of the soil, but also in the situation to be chosen. A warm south border, in front of a green- house, vinery, or wall, is to be preferred. If such cannot be had, and there be no alternative but allowing them to take a place with other Rose beds upon the lawn or in the Rosery, let there be at least six or eight inches of drainage in the bottom of the beds, consisting of any rubble at hand. In stiff loamy soils use a liberal quantity of sand and leaf- mould, and let the soil, in every instance where Roses are to be grown upon their own roots (whether Tea-scented, Hybrid Perpetual, Bourbon, or otherwise), be made more friable and less reten- tive by a liberal admixture of leaf-mould, sand, and well rotted manure. Manoure.—I have found, after repeated trials for some years, that pig dung is the best of all manures for Roses, and next night soil, cow dung and horse dung ; these should stand in a heap from one to three months, but not sufficiently long to become exhausted of their ammonia and salts. Pig dung should be put on the ground during winter or early spring, and forked in at once. In using night soil, mix with burnt earth, sand, charcoal dust, or other dry substances. Apply a small portion of the mixture to each plant or bed during winter, and let 25 it be forked in at once. Soot is a good manure, especially for the Tea-scented and other Roses upon their own roots, so are wood ashes and char- coal. Bone dust or half-inch bones form an excellent and most lasting manure ; a liberal mix- ture with the soil in preparing beds for the Tea- scented, China, or other kinds upon their own roots, is most beneficial. Guano and superphosphate of lime are both good manures for Roses, but require to be used cautiously ; if too freely applied, the result will be gross wood and foliage, to the injury and sacrifice of the bloom. Perhaps the better way to apply them is in a liquid state, and then, when judiciously employed, they are most beneficial, particularly upon light, sandy, and gravelly soils. Liquid manure of all kinds should be used in the spring when the plants are in a growing state, and again to the perpetuals after the first bloom is over. The drainage from dung heaps and stables is most efficacious, and good liquid manure may be made with either horse, cow, sheep, or pig dung. Prantinc.—All kinds of Roses which are worked upon the Briar or other stocks, may be planted in the autumn, say from the middle of October to the end of December ; but where grounds cannot be so early prepared, or the weather is too wet for planting at that season, it is better to defer it until February. In very many instances it will be found absolutely necessary to do so, and this delay will be far preferable to planting when the ground is at all wet, or not otherwise in proper condition to receive the plants. I believe that, 26 with proper management, equally good results are obtained in both instances, though some prefer the autumn, and others the spring ; but by no means let it be deferred later than the end of March with the hardier and worked kinds, otherwise many failures and much weak growth will be the result, for no plant suffers more from late planting than the Rose. The Tea-scented and other tender kinds should not be planted out before the end of March or the beginning of April. Plants upon their own roots, whether Tea-scented, China, Hybrid Per- petual, or Bourbon, should never be planted out before April. It is not unfrequently the custom with many amateurs to plant all their Roses, whether worked plants or otherwise, at the same time; the result is, that those upon their own roots, if planted in the autumn or during winter, are almost sure to perish before spring. As soon as these latter are received, let them be placed in a cold frame or plunged underneath a north wall or hedge, where they can be screened and protected during the more severe weather. It may not be out of place here, to mention that all who are about to purchase plants should do so as early as possible in the autumn; even if the plants are not required for planting till the spring, it will nevertheless be better, and indeed necessary, to do so in order to secure good plants, for if deferred until the spring, the chances are that many of the newest and best kinds will have been sold out, and, as a matter of course, the best plants have been selected for the earliest orders. 27 As soon as the plants are received from the nursery, let the roots be examined, and all injured portions and sucker roots removed, also shorten the long fibrous roots ; by no means allow the roots to become dry, but have them put into the ground as quickly as possible, and there let them remain _ until required for planting. All the Tea-scented, as well as the more tender varieties of the Noisette, should be put in beneath a wall where they can be protected by hanging a few mats before them in severe frosty weather; here they can remain until all the frost is over, say to the beginning or end of March, when they can be planted out wherever required. All hardy sorts may, of course, be planted out on the first favourable opportunity that offers after the ground is prepared. Endeavour to choose a fine day, let the soil be sufficiently, though not too dry; this will be indicated by its being moist without sticking to the spade or shoe. Prepare the soil as previously recommended, then make the holes to receive the plants sufficiently large that the roots may be spread evenly and to their full extent; but on no account allow those which are budded upon the Briar stock to be planted too deeply. Level the whole of the soil in, shaking the plant during the operation, so that the soil may pass well amongst the roots, then tread the mould firmly, holding the plant in one hand to prevent it from sinking deeper into the soil. Dwarf Roses which have been budded upon the Manetti, Griffere, or Boursault stocks, will require 28 to be planted deeper than is usual or advisable with sorts upon the Dog Rose or common Briar; they should, in fact, be planted so that the collar of the bud is entirely beneath the soil, and they will not succeed perfectly if this is not carefully attended to. The plants which are grown upon the Manetti stock are either budded or grafted quite low, to allow of them being planted so that the union of the bud with the stock may be readily covered. Let all standard Roses which are two feet in height and upwards, be securely fastened to stakes, to prevent their being disturbed by the wind. Pruninc.—This operation will require to be per- formed during February, March, and April. At the time of pruning it is necessary to have in view the proper formation of the tree, so that when grown and in bloom it may assume the form desired. When fully grown it should appear equal on every side, somewhat conical, but wider at its base, so that when viewed from different positions it should present an uniform appearance. When in bloom every flower should be seen, and not hidden by leaves or shoots growing before them, neither should the tree be at all crowded, but each shoot should stand out at equal and regular distances. I know it will be found somewhat difficult to obtain a proper and uniform shape with all kinds ; there are some which will, in spite of all pruning, grow as close in the head as a besom, others will start off anyhow, one shoot frequently taking the lead, and if allowed, will grow to such an extent as 29 to entirely rob all other parts of the tree, the plant soon becoming a one-sided rambling-looking object. To avoid this, examine at pruning time all such trees as are liable to grow into this form, and cut out entirely any shoots which are observed to be gross and over robust. All shoots left after pruning should be as equal in size as possible ; this will ensure uniformity of growth upon all sides. If, however, as is sometimes the case, a vigorous and gross shoot should appear which cannot be well dispensed with, it should be stopped when it has grown six or eight inches ; the lateral shoots afterwards produced may be again stopped when two or three inches in length. The erect-growing kinds are again somewhat difficult to bring into shape, as no pruning will prevent their growing into a close compact head, with the flowers all at the top of the tree, so that they cannot be seen on a moderately tall standard ; such sorts are best grown as low bushes, or as standards of medium height. During the growing season, when they have become sufficiently hardened to bend without breaking, let the lower shoots be brought down and tied to small wooden or iron hoops placed underneath the head of the tree, and in like manner bring the middle and upper shoots down. After this has been practised for about two seasons the plant will have assumed a proper shape, and then can easily be kept so, and that without the assis- tance of the hoop or further tying. Before commencing to prune, it is necessary to observe the habit of the plant, whether it be a 30 vigorous, moderate, or dwarf-growing variety ; also to determine what kinds are required for exhibition purposes, as these will want somewhat more careful pruning and thinning. Carefully thin out from the head of the plant by clearing away all small and crowded branches, like- wise all gross unripe shoots, leaving such only as are composed of firm and well-ripened wood, and these at regular and equal distances. Prune down according to the strength of the shoot and habit of the variety, in some cases to two or three inches ; in others, where the habit is vigorous, one foot or even eighteen inches will not be too long for a shoot to be left ; but as this will depend upon the habit of the variety, and the shoot to be pruned, no absolute rule can be given. In shortening the shoots, cut close to an eye, observing where practicable to leave well swollen plump buds, which invariably produce the finest blooms ; likewise secure those having an outward tendency, and pointing in a direction proper for the handsome formation of the plant. Commence with the most hardy sorts, such as the French, Moss, Alba, Provence, Damask, and Austrian Roses. These for the most part have dormant-looking buds, and being less active than others, take a longer time to develop them, and being perfectly hardy, are not so liable to be injured by spring frosts should they happen to start pre- maturely into growth, With few exceptions, the whole of the varieties in the above six classes are of uniform and moderate growth, and many of the Moss as well as the French are dwarf in habit, pro- dl ducing short-jointed firm wood with rather dormant- looking eyes. All such sorts will require what is termed “close pruning,” that is, the shoots of the previous year’s growth to be cut down to within an inch or two of the old or two years’ wood, leaving only two or three eyes at the base of the previous year’s shoot ; these will throw out one, two, or three shoots, with trusses or single blooms at the end of each. To form a conical-shaped plant, prune the centre shoots rather closer than the outer and lower ones ; the centre will then grow up in advance of the sides, and give the plant a pyramidal shape. The vigorous growers in these classes will require a moderate pruning, say for the stronger shoots six inches, and for the weaker ones four inches. The Hybrid China and Hybrid Bourbons are mostly very vigorous growers, and require more care in pruning than most sorts. An acquaintance with the varieties is necessary to enable the operator to prune these successfully. Many of the most vigorous often produce shoots six and seven feet long in a season, which if pruned close as recom- mended for the French and others, would not produce a single flower. These vigorous growers must be well thinned, and the strongest shoots left two feet and upwards in length, and the weak ones from one foot to eighteen inches. There are some sorts, such as Blairii, Triomphe de Boyeux, Brennus, Fulgens, and a few others, in which the vigorous shoots may be left nearly the full length ; and to make them bloom abundantly this is often necessary. For the moderate growers in these two classes, six 32 inches to one foot will be about the average length. It will be found that after long pruning has been repeated several years, the plants will have become somewhat exhausted; in fact, many of the shoots which at first grew five or six feet will now be often less than eighteen inches ; consequently, to give the plant more strength, it will require to be pruned down somewhat closer than was first recommended. In the course of years the plants which have under- gone the long-pruning system will possibly become leggy, overgrown, and somewhat unsightly in appearance. It will therefore be found necessary, when such is the case, to cut them back hard, so as to form entirely new wood and better-shaped heads. Cut into the old wood as far back as may be thought necessary, new eyes will soon form, even in wood five or six years old, provided the plant is in good health ; by this means well-furnished plants with young wood are reproduced. The Austrian Briar Roses require a system of pruning peculiar to themselves. If pruned as recommended for moderate or close pruning, they will produce but few, if any, blooms. Therefore, such as are required to bloom must be left unpruned with the exception of a little thinning, and merely the ends of the shoots being taken off. This treat- ment may be continued from year to year with the Harrisonii and a few others, but the Persian Yellow, to be kept in vigorous health, must be pruned down hard every alternate year ; otherwise it will soon become exhausted. When this is done, of course, no blooms are produced until the following season. 33 It is well, therefore, to grow several plants of this kind, pruning a few each year. Like other Roses that are required to form tine and handsome heads, they must be shortened down to four or five buds the first season of planting. The Hybrid Perpetual, Damask Perpetual, Per- petual Moss, and Bourbon Roses may be pruned from the beginning to the end of March. By pruning a few at the beginning, and others towards the latter end of the month, the blooming season will be prolonged, and the same result may be obtained by adopting this system with the summer-blooming as well as all other kinds. The varieties of Hybrid Perpetual Roses are so numerous that there will naturally be found a very great difference in their habit of growth, some being quite dwarf,’ others robust, and a few even sufficiently vigorous to form pillar or pole Roses. The dwarf as well as the more moderate growers will require to be pruned down to two or three eyes, and the weak and crowded shoots to be taken out. The robust will require the same thinning out of superfluous wood, while the strong shoots must be pruned down to six or eight inches in length, and the smaller ones to four or five. As all perpetual Roses produce blooms upon every or nearly every shoot, it will be no difficult matter to prune these so as to have a continuous show of blooms ; but to have flowers of good size and quality, as well as to keep the plant in proper form, some little judgment must be exercised. The Damask Perpetual and Perpetual Moss may be pruned as recommended for the Hybrid Perpetuals. P The Tea-scented, China, and Noisette are the last sorts to be pruned, and should not be commenced before the end of March or the beginning of April. Few, if any, of these require close pruning. The Tea-scented and China especially should not be pruned too hard. Thin out the small weak wood, and shorten the other shoots one-half, and in some instances even less. The vigorous-growing Noisette requires long pruning, the strongest shoots being left even longer than recommended for the vigorous- growing Bourbons. The Cloth of Gold Rose, belonging to this section, is one of the most shy blooming of all, and yet one of the most beautiful. Its situation, when intended to be grown out of doors, should be against a south wall. It will then, if grown freely, bloom after the first year or two. Very little pruning, however, is required ; the secret of making it bloom is to get it to grow freely, and for this ample space must be given. When it has become established and is making vigorous growth, it will bloom both in summer and autumn. It must, however, be manured highly every year, and no more pruning given than will suffice to keep the plant in a well-trained form. I have had standard plants of this Rose of unusually large size, and with nearly a hundred expanded blooms at one time, but of late years the severe winters have somewhat dis- couraged any attempt at growing it otherwise than against a south wall or in the conservatory. Banksian Roses produce their blooms upon the small, weak, one or two years’ old wood, but rarely until the plant has been established some three or 35 four years and their vigorous growth has become somewhat exhausted. Whatever pruning is neces- sary should be performed after the plant has bloomed, which is generally towards the end of May or beginning of June. Shorten the long, vigorous shoots one-third or less, and secure all the small, short-jointed, and thoroughly matured wood. From these, blooms will be produced the following season. Dissuppinc.—Next to pruning, disbudding must be considered the most important operation to be performed. After the shoot-buds are fairly started, look through the plant and rub off or cut out any which are likely to take a wrong direction ; likewise thin out wherever they are too much crowded. It will be found in some instances that at least one- third of the shoots may be dispensed with, which, if allowed to grow, would crowd the plant with small, useless wood. By lessening these, such as remain will consequently be much strengthened, producing fine blooms, and the plant will assume a well- regulated form, requiring much less attention at pruning time. Young plants require in all instances to be cut down the first year to within a few inches of the insertion of the bud, leaving from four to six eyes, according to circumstances. This must be done to all alike the first year of planting. I mention this more particularly because I have repeatedly seen one-year old Roses planted and allowed to grow without receiving any shortening or pruning what- ever. The proper time to cut them back is early 36 in spring, as soon as the sap rises and the buds are observed to be swelling. When the shoots. are very long, it will often be necessary to shorten them a little at the time of planting, so as to prevent them from being blown about by the wind. Never allow them to be pruned closely down when newly planted. Protrctine. — Nearly the whole of the Tea- scented, China, and Noisette Roses will require protection during winter. Some of the most hardy will not require it unless the weather be very severe. The best and surest method to adopt with all the tenderest budded Roses grown on standards, is to have them taken up about November and planted underneath a south wall, here they can be readily and easily protected during severe frost. The plants being put in closely together, a few mats nailed to the wall will suffice to cover them. The mats need only to be put on during severe frost, but should it continue any length of time an extra covering should be provided with additional mats or straw. In favourable localities where frost is not so severe, sufficient protection might be given with coils of haybands being wound round the heads of the plants, first of all securely staking them, and drawing the branches up closely together. For the tender sorts upon their own roots or budded low down, a good protection is afforded by placing half-decayed leaves and rotten manure two or three inches thick upon the surface of the beds. Moss may be used instead of leaves, but should be pegged down or otherwise secured to 37 prevent the wind from blowing it away. A few fern branches will be sufficient protection for the head, as the loss of the top part of the plant is not of much importance; provided the roots and the lower parts or crown are preserved, there will generally be found a sufficient number of young shoots emitted from below. Nature often provides the best of all protections—snow, a good thick coating of which, durimg severe frost, is sutiicient to protect the roots and crowns of all Roses on their own roots or budded low down upon the Manetti or other stocks. InsEects.—There are very many insects which are injurious and destructive to the Rose, but none more so than the Green Rose Chafer or Golden Rose Beetle, and the Antler Rose Sawfly, both of which feed upon the young leaves, shoots, and buds. In the Book of the Garden we have the following excellent description of these two insects:—‘ The Green Rose Chafer or Gold Rose Beetle (Cetonia aurata—Scarabeus auratus of some entomologists) is one of our largest and most beautiful beetles, easily recognised by its bright green colour, some- times reflecting a rich golden or copper tint. The wings are very long, of a brownish colour, folded under the horny wing cases, which have a few white lines placed transversely, resembling cracks, and scattered over them. On the under-side they are of a fine coppery tint, sometimes inclining to rose colour. The horns are short, the scutel forming an elongated triangle. They are readily found, en- veloped in the petals of the Rose, and, trom their 38 colour and size, cannot be easily overlooked. The havoe they make in the Parisian Rose gardens is fearful, compared with what we experience in Britain. Le Vere Blanc, as they are there called, is the greatest enemy the French Rose-growers have to contend with. Their habits in many respects resemble those of the Cockchafer. We know of no means more likely to reduce the numbers of these Rose-chafers than by capturing them in their beetle state, which, from their large size and conspicuous colours, is no difficult matter. The Antler Rose Sawfly (Cladius difformis panza).—Several species of Cladius attack the Rose in their larva state, devouring not only the foliage, but often the pith also. Their attacks on the foliage are first observed in the shape of innumerable small perforations, which daily in- crease, portions of the margins being also devoured. The cause of this is only discovered by turning up the under-side of the leaf. In size they scarcely exceed half an inch, nearly cylindrical, tapering a little towards the tail. Their colour is bright green, covered with short, erect hairs, with a darkish line down the back, and one much darker on each side. The head is brownish and horny, with two small black dots on the sides. It is difficult to point out any remedy, except what has been so often recom- mended for caterpillars in general, viz., dusting the plants with powdered hellebore, or with snuff, watering with lime or soot water, shaking the branches suddenly and catching the enemy on a cloth spread below. 39 ‘Another destructive insect is the Sawfly of the Rose (Selandria Ethiops). Durmg the month of June, the leaves of the Rose trees are often found assuming a withered brown colour, as if scorched by fire. The cause of this may be traced, by the aid of a microscope, to the destructive effects of this insect. The upper circle of the leaf will be found nearly eaten away, while the under-side remains perfectly entire. A closer examination will show the enemy itself, in colour so nearly resembling the foliage that its detection by the naked eye is almost impossible. In its larva state it is nearly half-an- inch long, of a cylindrical form, with a dark line down the middle of the back. ‘The head is orange colour, with a small black spot on each side. The larve change their skins several times before arriving at their full size, and then descend into the earth, where they form elliptical shells, highly polished on the inside ; in these they pass the winter, and eventually become transformed, first into the pupa state, and afterwards, towards spring, into perfect insects. Syringing the Roses with water in which hot lime and soot have been steeped, is one of the best remedies for the suppression of all tender-skinned insects on Roses and other plants.” The Rose Aphis (Aphis Rose) is a great pest amongst Roses, and especially in situations where air cannot circulate freely amongst the plants ; in such confined places much difficulty is often exper- ienced in keeping these troublesome insects under, and generally the weakest and most delicate sorts are those worst attacked. Numerous recipes are 40 given for the destruction of these aphides, but what- ever means are adopted should be taken in time and before the plants get smothered with them. I have found the following remedy answer in every instance where applied :—To one pound of tobacco, and two pounds of soft soap, add six quarts of boiling water ; let this, stand a short time, then strain through a piece of coarse canvas ; to the filtered liquor add nine or ten gallons of water, and with this diluted fluid syringe the infested plants, or otherwise dip the branches into it, wetting the whole of the foliage. If necessary, repeat the operation two or three times, always syringing the plants over afterwards with clean water. A decoction of quassia is frequently used, in the proportion of one ounce of the chips to a quart of water. Fumigating with tobacco is. perhaps the best and most effectual way of des- troying them, where appliances can be had so as to confine the smoke. In hothouses and greenhouses this is readily done, and is the best means that can be adopted. Apuis VeEstator.—This, the Rose cultivator’s friend, should never be destroyed ; it feeds upon and destroys all other aphides, and is a most valuable ally for such purposes. The ladybirds are also useful in destroying these small insects, so are many kinds of birds, and none more so than the so-called mischievous tomtit and sparrow. The sparrows are especially valuable ; not only do they feed upon the aphides, but the Rose-chafer, and other enemies to the Rose. I have often watched their early morning avocations amongst the Roses; a dozen or two 4] sparrows will clear some thousands of insects during the day, and woe be to the Rose-chafer that comes within their sight. Disrases.— Mildew. This fungus is the most troublesome of all diseases to which the Rose is subject, and of late years has been much more prevalent than formerly. The late Mr. Knight, in writing upon it, says, “The secondary and _ inter- mediate cause of this disease has long appeared to me to be the want of sufficient moisture from the soil, and excess of humidity in the air, particularly if the plant is exposed to a temperature below that to which they have been accustomed. If damp and cloudy weather in July succeeded that which was warm and bright, without the intervention of sufficient rain to moisten the ground to some depth, the crop is generally much injured by mildew.” There can be no doubt as to the truth of these observations, but latterly this disease appears to have become more prevalent, and seems to bafie all our skill to ward it off, much more to eradicate it. Some sorts of Roses are much more liable to it than others, and some are even so badly affected by it, that it is next to impossible to keep them in health and free from it throughout the season. A good remedy is flour of sulphur. This should be applied the very moment the least sign of the disease makes its appearance, otherwise it will not arrest its progress. The best instrument for apply- ing it is the sulphurator; this excellent little machine will distribute it evenly throughout every part of the plant, which it is impossible to do with 42 a dredger. If the dredger be used, syringe the plants over with a little water, and apply it to every part affected. The sulphur should not be applied to the young foliage whilst the sun is powerful, or it will sometimes be injurious ; no harm will result from applying it in the evening, and it may remain on for a day or two, when it should be syringed off. The quantity used has been from two-and-a-half to three ounces to the gallon of water. The plants affected are syringed or well wetted with the mix- ture, and if the shoots are at all tender, they must be syringed over with clear water in a few hours afterwards. One or two applications, in most in- stances, will be sufficient, but when the disease has been allowed to establish itself, it must be applied weekly until it is cured. Various nostrums are frequently advertised and recommended for this disease, but I should advise all to be cautious what they apply to their Roses, for the remedy will oftentimes prove worse than the disease. Red Fungus or rust, as it is sometimes called, seldom appears before August, or until the wood and foliage are pretty well matured; its consequence, therefore, at this season is not of much importance, nor is the damage at all serious. It should, how- ever, be prevented by the application of sulphur, as recommended for mildew, or freshly slaked lime to the parts affected will, in some instances, destroy it: Green Centres——These must be considered a disease, though prevalent only among certain sorts of Roses. Its cause may be attributed to too much 43 manure, or the use of it in a raw or green state. This should be avoided with all kinds subject to this disease, and where manure is applied let it be thoroughly decayed. Stocks.—Roses are grown upon several varieties of stocks; those most in use are the wild Dog Rose, the Manetti, Griffere, Celini, and the Black: Boursault. The Dog Rose, procured from hedge- rows and woods, is the only suitable kind on which standard or half-standard Roses can be grown. For dwarfs, the Manetti and Griffere are prefer- able, especially for light soils. Stocks for budding should be procured in the autumn, the roots pruned close, and the stem shortened to the height required. Standards will require to be left three to four feet in length, half-standards two to three feet, and dwarfs six to eighteen inches. These should be planted out in rows three feet apart ; the following summer they will be fit for budding. The Manetti is a vigorous variety of Hybrid China Rose, introduced nearly forty years ago trom Italy by Mr. Rivers. For dwarf Roses this is a most excellent stock; it is alike suitable for stiff as for light soils. In many light, shallow soils, where the Dog Rose will scarcely live, this succeeds admirably. It is very hardy and enduring, and will last as long as, or perhaps longer, than any other ; it requires, how- ever, somewhat different treatment to other stocks, both as regards its preparation before as well as after budding. My practice is to prepare the cuttings in the autumn, say from nine to twelve inches in length, taking out all the eyes excepting 44 three at the top of the cutting; they are then planted six to eight inches deep. Here they remain until ‘the following autumn, when they are taken up and planted out into rows from eighteen inches to two feet apart. The following summer they will be fit for budding ; this is done by inserting a bud in the stem which formed the cutting two inches or more below the surface, the soil being previously cleared away to enable the operation to be per- formed. The following spring, when the bud shows signs of starting in growth, cut down the upper part of the stock to within an inch of the buds: by the end of the summer they will have formed fine large plants. When the plants are taken up to be trans- planted into the Rosery, it will be necessary to plant them quite over the collar of the bud, so that the union of the stock and bud is quite covered ; the plants being budded so very low, there will be little difficulty in planting them thus. This stock, be it observed, is not adapted to standards or half-standards, or, in fact, to any other than dwarfs treated as described above. There are few Roses which refuse to grow upon it. Since the introduction of this stock, Roses upon their own roots (excepting the Tea-scented and China) have not been so much sought after, for the reason that, to have a bed of Roses upon their own roots, well filled and in a good blooming condition, requires two if not three years before it can be accomplished ; whereas, with the same sort budded upon the Manetti stock, a fine bed can be obtained the first vear of planting, with, perhaps, double the quantity A _—_—_—— 45 of bloom that would ever be produced by plants grown upon their own roots. For pot culture this is also a valuable stock. For pillar Roses it is remarkably well adapted. Strong- growing kinds will often grow from six to eight feet the first season, and will ultimately make the finest plants possible. JI have some examples of pillar Roses, both summer and perpetual, which are eight to ten feet in height, and beautifully furnished from the bottom upwards. The Persian Yellow and Harrisonii may be instanced as two summer Roses, forming large and beautiful pillar Roses, resembling more the size of young Apple trees than Roses. The seedling Briar or cultivated Briar stock is the wild Dog Rose, raised either from seed or struck from cuttings in the same manner as the Manetti. This stock has of late become much more into general use than formerly. It is specially adapted for the Tea-scented and Noisette Roses, and it is undoubtedly better suited than the Manetti for all the yellow Roses, either for out-door or pot culture. The Grifferz is a variety of the Multiflora Rose, and is used as a stock for the Noisette Roses, or any vigorous-growing varieties. Maréchal Niel and Cloth ot Gold do admirably upon this stock. It is not, perhaps, so hardy as the Manetti, but all tender varieties, such as the Tea-scented and Noisette, take more freely upon it. The Black Boursault and the Celini are used by some for the Tea-scented and Noisette Roses, but I 46 do not consider they are so lasting or so good as either of the preceding. PRopaGATion.—Roses are propagated by budding, grafting, cuttings, layering, and by suckers (either or all of these modes are in practice for the purpose of increasing a given variety); and by seed to obtain new varieties. Budding.—This is by far the most ready and easy system by which the Rose can be propagated, and is that most generally practised. It offers many advantages over other modes of propagating, as by its adoption a weak kind is increased in vigour by bringing it to grow upon a stock which is more hardy and more vigorous in habit. By adopting this mode of propagating, Roses are wrought into a variety of forms which otherwise could not be done. The mode of operation is so simple, and has been so often described, that a few words will suffice by way of explanation. The usual time for budding is July and August, but the proper time to be chosen must be determined by the state of the scion, as well as the stock which is to be budded In no case will it answer to bud until the sap flows freely, both in the stock and the plant from whence the buds are to be taken. The scion must be firm and well ripened, otherwise the buds are apt to perish. If the bark does not rise freely on the stock, the operation should be deferred for a few days, or until the sap is induced to flow, which may be hastened by giving a few copious waterings. The buds should be taken from ripe shoots of the current year ; the fact of the plant being in bloom 47 will generally indicate that the wood is ripe and thoroughly matured. In taking off the leaves, let a portion of the leaf-stalk be left at the base of the eye, it will be an assistance when inserting the bud, and will help to shade and protect the bud after it is inserted. As soon as possible after the incision is made in the stock, the bud (which must be pre- viously cut and taken out) should be inserted, and immediately bound up with cotton or matting, so as to exclude the air and wet until the bark is united. In about three weeks, the matting or cotton will require to be loosened, and in a few weeks after- wards may be taken entirely off. A few inches should be taken off the end of the Briar which has been budded ; the sap will consequently flow more directly to the bud at the base of the shoot. Grafting.—Early in spring is the usual time for eraftmg Roses; but with the assistance of pro- pagating pits or house where artificial heat can be obtained, this operation can be performed at various seasons of the year, provided the stock and the scion are both in proper condition. The stock to be grafted should be rather in advance of the scion, and taken when the sap is in active motion. The scion should consist of hard, well-ripened wood, and not too far advanced. Any of the modes of grafting usually practised, such as whip grafting, saddle grafting, or cleft grafting, may be adopted. Whip or tongue grafting is the most simple and the most expeditious, and will answer every purpose. The Manetti and the Seedling Briar or Dog Rose are the kinds most in use for stocks, to graft both a ee 48 hybrids and the Tea-scented Roses. The stocks should be taken up and potted into small pots one season before being required for grafting ; they can then be plunged out of doors. If potted during March and April they will be ready for grafting the following November or December. The stocks should be taken into the propagating frames a few weeks before being required. After they are grafted, let them be plunged into the same bottom heat as before, and here they should be kept rather close and shaded when necessary until the grafts have fairly taken and the plants have commenced growing, they may then receive a little air or be removed to a cooler house or frame. Avoid too high a temperature ; the Rose being very impatient of heat, should always be forced steadily. A tem- perature of 65° to 75° by day, and 55° or 65° by nizht should not be exceeded. When watering, do not wet the graft, nor allow too much moisture to settle near to the junction of the graft; to prevent this, a little clay or wax may be placed around the junction. With a little attention to these minor matters a good practitioner will be as successful with this mode of propagating as with more simple and generally practised systems of budding. I have not spoken of grafting Roses out of doors, nor do I recommend the practice ; the chance of success are so uncertain that it rarely answers to risk them, especially when we have a more safe and certain method in the one described above. Layering.—This mode of propagating may be applied to most of the free-growing Roses, but it is aE 49 only practised with sorts which are required to be grown upon their own roots, and which do not strike freely from cuttings ; for instance, the old and other Moss, the Provence and Austrian Roses, &e. To obtain proper shoots for layering, the plant should be cut down to the surface of the ground every year ; young shoots will then be produced. These should be layered about June or July, or as soon as the shoots become sufficiently hardened to bend without breaking. An incision must be made at an eye upon the side of the shoot, and gently twisted so that the incision be kept open. The shoot should then be secured in its position by a peg, and covered with earth to the depth of three or four inches. In the following spring most of these will have formed roots, and may then be taken off and planted out ; those not rooted must remain down another season. Cuttings. — With the exception of the Moss, Austrian, and a few other varieties, nearly all may be struck from cuttings ; and to obtain plants on their own roots this is the most expeditious and best system. This mode of propagating Roses may be practised throughout spring, summer, and autumn ; but the shoot which is to form the cutting should in all instances be matured and well ripened. The cuttings should be made from three to four inches in length, and if a small portion of the old wood can be taken off with it, so as to form a heel, the cutting will strike more freely. The two or three upper leaves should be allowed to remain on the cutting until they fall off, when they should be 50 removed to prevent their damping. Take five or six-inch pots and fill with a compost of friable loam, leaf-mould, and sand, pressing it moderately firm ; plant with a small pin from six to eight cuttings evenly around the sides of the pot, making the soil firm about them; water with a fine rose to settle the soil, and place the pots at once into a frame with a gentle bottom-heat, where they can be kept close and constantly shaded from the sun. Sprinkle them over with a fine rose, or syringe daily for the first week or nine days. In about three or four weeks the cuttings will have rooted, when they should be potted singly into three-inch pots, and again placed in a frame with a gentle bottom heat. Here they should remain nine days or a fortnight, being shaded and watered as required. When rooted round their pots, they should be removed into a cold frame to harden, previous to being placed out of doors. Many hardy kinds, such as the Hybrid Per- petuals, Bourbons, &c., may be struck out of doors under hand-glasses. About the end of September or beginning of October prepare a border with light soil upon the north side of a hedge or wall ; let the cuttings be made five or six inches in length, choosing firm, well-ripened wood, taken off with a small portion of old wood to form a heel; without this the cuttings will not strike so readily. Put the cuttings in thickly, pressing them firmly into the soil; well water, and place over them small hand or cap glasses ; these must remain on until the cuttings are struck in the sprmg. An 51 occasional watering with clear lime-water should be given ; this will destroy the worms, which are often troublesome and disturb the cuttings. In the spring, when the cuttings are found to be rooted, take them up and pot singly into small pots; put them into a cold frame where they can be shaded from the sun until sufficiently hardened to be planted out of doors. Some of the hardy, vigorous - growing summer Roses will strike, if planted in a shady border, without the assistance of hand-glasses ; but when this is done the cuttings require to be made nine to twelve inches in length and planted at least six to eight inches deep, and the soil trodden firmly about them. Suckers.—TVhis mode of propagating is practised but seldom, and then only with a few kinds, such as the Scotch and Austrian Roses. The former emit suckers freely, which are taken off and planted out during the spring or autumn ; these suckers have generally some small fibrous roots attached. By Seed. — The object of raising Roses from seed is to obtain new varieties. Although some- what uncertain as to the result, it is, nevertheless, a very pleasant and interesting occupation. There has long been an idea prevalent that good varieties of Roses cannot be raised from seed in England, and that we must go to warmer climates for any- thing of sterling merit. This, however, is not entirely so, as some excellent varieties recently raised in this country testify. The tender varieties, however, seldom if ever mature seed in our climate, but even the ripening 52 of seed can be accomplished artificially, and, with the assistance of glass and hot water, we may reckon our advantages equal to those in the South of France or Italy. The seed pods should become thoroughly ripe upon the tree before they are gathered. When taken off, place each sort separ- ately into small pots, mixing with them fine sand. They may be stored away in this manner until February, care being taken to keep them out of the way of mice, which will very soon destroy the lot if the opportunity be given them. Early in February take them out and break up the pods, and rub the whole until the seeds are all separated ; they may then be sown in shallow pans, pots, or boxes, using light soil with a liberal admixture of sand, and cover with same to the depth of an inch. Place them in a frame having a northern aspect, or otherwise im a shady or sheltered spot, where an uniform temperature and moisture can be maintained. About April or May many of the seedlings will begin to make their appearance, but this will depend upon the quality of the seed; if it was well ripened when gathered, a large portion will vegetate the first season, but in most instances the greater portion will not vegetate till the following spring. The seedling plants should be removed when sufficiently strong to bear transplanting. In taking them up care should be taken not to disturb the dormant seeds or others just beginning to vegetate. The seedlings which are removed from the seed pans during the spring and summer should be pricked out into other pans, 53 and afterwards placed ina cold frame, where they can be shaded from the hot sun, and occasionally watered. If allowed to grow in the seed pans until the autumn, they may then be transplanted into the open ground in a well-sheltered border, and there allowed to remain until they bloom. Many of the seedlings will bloom the first year, but little more than the colour can be ascertained until the plant has been established at least two years. Those which produce very thin petals, or which are deficient in colour, or single, may safely be discarded at once, retaining only such as have good outline, decided and distinct colour, petals of good substance, and the flowers, if not full, somewhat more than semi-double. If all, or any of these properties exist, they will improve under culti- vation. Crossing or Hybridising.—By crossing varieties of opposite characters, the colour, habit, and form are changed, and new varieties are obtained ; thus we are constantly receiving flowers of increased size and more perfect form. To perform this operation with any chance of success, a judicious selection of the varieties to be crossed must be made. Choose for the parent plants such sorts as bear seeds freely ; upon a dry fine day, when the bloom is fully expanded, remove the anthers from the flower with a pair of scissors, to prevent self-impregnation, then take the pollen of another variety of opposite character, or one possessing some property that it is desirable to impart, and place on the pistil of the parent plant. This will ooo 54 require to be done with great care, and at a time of the day when the farina is observed to be most abundant. After the flower is impregnated, enclose it with a gauze bag, to prevent insects from disturb- ing the pollen until it has taken effect. The seed pod which has been fertilized should be marked so as to be known at the time of gathering, and should be noted down, so that the realisation of the object aimed at may be watched in the seedling plants. Much time and patience will be required during and atter the performance of this work. To those who have time to devote to it, nothing can be more pleasing or interesting, and it is the only sure means of bringing out any desired properties in new varieties. A more easy plan, though not so certain in its results, is to plant side by side varieties of opposite characters, and to allow fertilization to be effected by the action of the winds, insects, or other causes. There need be no restriction as to crossing one group with another; and so distinct and opposite are the properties of many varieties, even in the same group or family, that no limit can be placed to the possible results. Before fertilizing, it will be necessary to become acquainted with what kinds will bear seed freely, and these must be selected from the seed bearers. A great many varieties of Roses never produce mature seed. The following may be taken as good seed - bearers:—Moss: Alice Leroy, Baronne de Wassenaér, Celina, Clemence Beaugrand, Comtesse de Murinais, Luxembourg, and Marie de Blois, 55 Hybrid China: Blairii No. 2, Brennus, Chénédolé, Fulgens, Double-margined Hip, and Magna Rosea. Hybrid Bourbons: Charles Lawson, Coupe d’Hébé, Paul Ricaut, and Paul Perras. Austrian: Harrisonii. Ayrshire: Ruga, Bennett’s Seedling. Hybrid Per- petual: Abel Carriere, Annie Wood, Baronne Prévost, Centifolia Rosea, Charles Lefebvre, Dr. Andry, Duc de Rohan, Duc de Wellington, Duke of Edinburgh, Fisher Holmes, Géant des Batailles, Genéral Jacqueminot, John Hopper, Jules Chretien, Jules Margottin, La France, Lord Macaulay, Madame Charles Crapelet, Mdlle. Bonnaire, Mar- guerite de St. Amand, Marie Beauman, Monsieur Etienne Levet, Prince Camille de Rohan, Sénateur Vaisse, and Victor Verdier. Bourbon : Sir Joseph Paxton. China: Mrs. Bosanquet. Many of the Tea-scented Roses bear seed freely, but unless in very favourable situations and in warm seasons, the seed rarely ripens. To rear seedlings of this class, as well as some of the Noisette and China Groups, the plants require to be brought under glass to mature their seed. Forcing.—Few plants are more impatient of a high artificial temperature than the Rose, and as little assistance can be expected from nature through- out the cold sunless months of December, January, and February (the time when forcing is most active), a considerable amount of care and attention, as well as skill, must be exercised. Houses or pits of proper construction, with efficient heating appliances, must be provided. The best are low span-roof houses or pits, with platforms or raised beds on 56 each side, and the path along the centre. This will allow of the plants being placed within ten or twelve inches from the glass, so that they may receive the full benefit of the light and sun. The platform or raised beds should be constructed so that the pots can be plunged in leaves or tan, and so arranged that the plants can be plunged more deeply as they increase in height, always endeavour- ing to keep them about ten or twelve inches from the glass. Air should be admitted throughout the bottom and top of the house, but not so as to come in direct contact with the plants. If hot-water pipes are used, not less than a double row of four- inch pipe for a house twelve feet in width will be sufficient. The temperature by day should not rise higher than 60° or 75°, nor fall lower than 50° by night. The plants intended for forcing must be established at least one year in pots, varying from seven to twelve inches in diameter according to the size and strength of the plant, which may be either worked on the Manetti, Dog Rose, or upon their own roots. To prepare all the hardy kinds let the plants be taken up in the autumn. Carefully trim the roots, and put into eight or nine-inch pots, using good turfy loam, and a liberal admixture of rotten dung and leaf-mould. After potting, let them be watered and.placed upon a sheltered border, where they can he plunged in coal-ashes, leaves, or tan. In the spring cut them back rather close, and as they commence growing, disbud and tie the shoots out, so as to form well-shaped plants. Any flower 57 buds which appear should be taken off before they become fully matured. The Tea-scented and other tender sorts should be potted into seven or eight-inch pots, about March or April, and either grown under glass, being plunged in a gentle bottom heat, or other- wise grown out of doors upon a hotbed, where a genial bottom heat can be obtained throughout the summer. Early in October the plants should be re-potted, taking pots according to the size of the plants, say from eight to nine inches in diameter ; a portion of the old soil should be removed, but this should be done without injuring or disturbing the roots. After potting, place them in a sheltered situation until about the end of November ; they may then be pruned, and if they have been pro- perly disbudded, and the shoots have been trained during the previous growth, little more than shortening the shoots down to three or four eyes will be necessary. The Tea-scented sorts will not require to be cut so hard, in fact they should receive only moderate pruning. The plants may now be taken into the forcing house, the pots being plunged to their full depth in prepared beds of leaves or tan ; here they should remain for the first fortnight without any artificial heat being applied, after which begin gently, increasing the temperature gradually as the plants are commencing to grow. The plants being brought up rather close to the glass, to receive all the benefit to be derived from sun and light, will be somewhat exposed to sudden changes of temperature ; to provide against 58 this, protection must be given by covering the out- side of the house with mats or canvas during frosty weather. When the plants commence growing, examine them frequently for the grub, and upon the first appearance of green-fly, fumigate with tobacco ; and this will possibly require to be repeated every nine days or fortnight. Water the paths occasionally to keep up a moist atmosphere, and in the morning during fine weather let the plants be syringed over, and air admitted on all favourable occasions. If the least signs of mildew is observed, let sulphur be applied immediately, for should this disease once get thoroughly established, there will be some difficulty in eradicating it. The syringing must be discontinued when the plants are about to bloom. If it is desired to remove any plants to flower in the greenhouse or conservatory, let this be done a week or nine days before the blooms are likely to expand, when they will have somewhat recovered the change of temperature by the time they come into bloom, and will last much longer in flower in consequence. If allowed to bloom in the forcing house, shading must be provided and applied when necessary ; air must also be admitted more abun- dantly, and less fire heat used. Plants which were brought into the forcing house in December will bloom about the middle of March. To keep up a succession, introduce another supply in January and again in February, they may then be had in bloom from March till June. After the plants are gone out of bloom, harden 59 them off for a few weeks in a cold house or pit before turning them out of doors. When ready to be taken out, top-dress with rich soil, and plunge all the hardy kinds in an open airy situation, there to remain until required for the next season’s work. About September or October let them be re-potted, take off a portion of the old soil, trim the roots, and pot into rich compost as before recommended. The same plants may be forced annually for several years, provided they are carefully attended to, and not allowed to be forced or bloom more than once during the same season. The French accomplish much in the way of forced Roses and their mode of growing them in small-sized pots for market is very clever. The plants which they use for this purpose are all budded upon the Dog Rose, of all heights, from dwarfs to standards, and the pots in which they are grown are rarely more than seven or eight inches in diameter, and many are grown in five or six-inch pots. The plants have a very unique appearance, and are usually loaded with deliciously fragrant flowers. With few exceptions, the gardens or nurseries where these are grown are small and untidy, and the glass houses of the rudest descrip- tion, having the most poverty-stricken appearance ; nevertheless, the healthy growth of the plants therein show that they have been well tended, and that the growers know full well how to manage them. One of the largest establishments for forced Roses have ever seen, and which, I believe, is the largest 60 in France, is that of M. Laurent, near Paris. He had when I visited his establishment some years ago three or four acres entirely covered with low span- roof and lean-to houses and_ pits, specially for forcing Roses and Lilacs, these being the only two plants he cultivated. Iam quite afraid to say the number of Roses which are here forced annually, but I should judge there could not have been much less than twenty or thirty thousand. It was early in February when I saw them, when the houses and pits were all full, and many thousand plants outside ready to take the place of the early forced Roses, as soon as their blooms were over. The blooms are gathered every morning, and sent to Paris for bouquets and decoration, for which there is always a large demand. The plants from this establishment are not sold. M. Laurent is also celebrated for forcing Lilacs. His method of producing white flowers from the purple Lilac is not generally known or practised, nor am I thoroughly in the secret, but it 1s nevertheless a fact that he depends entirely upon the purple Lilac to produce the finest white blooms throughout the winter. Growinc Roses 1n Ports FoR THE GREENHOUSE or For Exurpition.—The treatment necessary for preparing Roses for greenhouse culture, as_ well as for exhibition, will be somewhat the same in both instances, though perhaps more care and attention will be required for the latter, both in training as well as after treatment. | Commence with young healthy plants worked upon the Manetti stock. Plants established in eight or 61 nine-inch pots, of the most suitable kinds for pot culture, are generally to be had at the nurseries, and these being specially prepared for the purpose a season will be gained by commencing with them. Early in the autumn the plants may be potted into seven, eight, or nine-inch pots, the largest sized plants requiring the latter size. The compost should consist of strong turfy loam and an equal quantity of rotted cow-dung or horse- dung, The Tea-scented and China sorts will require the addition of leaf-mould and a small quantity of sand, The pots must be thoroughly well drained, using two or three inches of potsherds; upon these place a few inches of charcoal and bones, and again a few lumps of the turf from the compost, which, by-the-bye, should not be sifted or broken too fine. If the plants are in small pots, loosen the ball of earth gently without disturbing the roots ; in potting, press the soil firmly round the plant, and afterwards give a gentle watering, but not too copious at first, as the soil is apt to set hard on the surface by so doing. The hardy sorts can be plunged out of doors in an open situation, using. tan or coal-ashes as a plunging material. The Tea- scented and other tender kinds must be placed in a frame, where they will be better plunged in tan ; and if this be in sufficient quantity to create a genial warmth, it will greatly assist them, and the roots will soon commence to grow. Towards spring, the hardy worked plants which are plunged out of doors will require to be pruned down rather closely the first year, and this can be done a few 62 weeks after potting. About the middle of May, prepare a gentle hotbed, in an open sunny situation, with manure which has been turned several times previously, in which case the heat will be retained for a much longer period ; upon this, place all the Tea-scented or other Roses which it is desired to grow on as rapidly as possible ; let them be plunged to the rim of the pot in sawdust or tan. Here with a gentle bottom heat and free access of air upon all sides, they will make rapid and robust growth. Let all buds be taken off as they appear. Give a supply of manure water once a week. In the course of three or four weeks the heat of the hotbed will be partially exhausted, when it should be turned over, adding some fresh manure to renew the heat ; the plants are then to be replaced and plunged as before. About the end of October remove them into the greenhouse or frame. The hardy sorts can be plunged out of doors and protected during severe weather. Early in February the plants will require re-potting ; those which have been growing in seven or eight-inch should be shifted imto nine-inch, and those from nine-inch into ten-inch pots. As soon as the potting is finished, let the plants be pruned. The Tea-scented and China must not be cut in too close. Select the best shoot near the centre to train for the leading stem, and shorten it about one-third ; prune the other shoots one half or three parts their length ; these should be carefully tied up, which is most easily done by placing wire round the pot, underneath the rim. Let the shoots 63 be drawn as near to the edges of the pot as can safely be done without breaking them, then make fast with small pieces of bast matting to the wire. If it is desired to grow the plants for exhibition, they must be carefully watched, and the shoots tied out as they advance in growth. The best form is that of a pyramid. To keep the plants equally balanced on all sides, a little skilful training will be requisite. Any gross shoots which appear should be stopped; the weak ones consequently will be encouraged. The second year the plants will be better if grown in a low house where they can be placed near to the glass, and receive an abundance of air at all favourable seasons. To obtain plants of larger size suitable for exhibition, three vears must elapse before they can be brought into proper form and size. Rosr ConservaTories.—Nothing can possibly be more delightful and beautiful than a large con- servatory filled entirely with the choicest kinds of Tea-scented, Noisette, and China Roses. The temperature is delightful and most enjoyable at all seasons, but, perhaps, more so in the spring of the year, when cold, piercing, easterly winds prevail. Our conservatories thus possessing the genial temperature of Italy or the south of France, the frosts of winter cannot harm our Roses, neither can smoke nor dust stifle them; the whole being under easy control, can be tended at our pleasure. The green-fly, the greatest pest to Roses out of doors, is here easily destroyed; a few pounds of tobacco paper will bring a whole colony to grief 64 in a very short time. These are only a few of the advantages derived from growing the delicate kinds of Roses under glass, and it is almost needless to attempt to picture to the Rose amateur the delightful and pleasurable occupation which a Rose conser- vatory affords at all seasons of the year, for it can more easily be imagined than described. I had long contemplated the idea, as well as the necessity, of having conservatories in which to plant out all tender kinds of Roses, but not until the destruction occasioned by the severe winter of 1860-6], was I fully determined to carry out this object. During that season nearly every Tea- scented, China, and Noisette Rose not under glass was totally killed, this disaster being attributable as much, perhaps, to the cold, wet, sunless summer preceding, as the the severity of the winter. I then determined to erect a large conservatory, wherein to plant out all Tea-scented, China, and Noisette Roses. This conservatory is 140 feet in length, 24 feet in width, and has a,well-prepared bed, 11 feet wide, made the entire length of the house, with 34 feet walks passing round, upon either side of which are tan pits, 3 feet wide, for growing specimen plants in pots. The centre bed is divided into seven rows, the centre row being planted with Maréchal Niel, Lamarque, Climbing Devoniensis, Reine Marie Henriette, Cheshunt Hybrid, Gloire de Dijon, Celine Forestier, William Allen Richardson, Belle Lyonnaise, &c. ; these are trained upon iron-wire pillars to the top of the house, which by-the-bye, is 16 feet in height. The other rows are planted with 65 standard and dwarf-standard Tea-scented Roses, from 4 feet graduating to 1 foot; the whole is surrounded by a neat garden-tile edging. PROPERTIES Or A Goop Rosz.—The first and most essential point to constitute a good Rose, is that the variety be hardy, and of a healthy and moderately robust habit, combining ample foliage, for, be its bloom ever so good, if it refuses to grow under proper treatment it is almost worthless. Next to these are fine form, fullness, large size, good substance, fragrance, freedom to bloom, and decided and distinct colour. The form of the flower, whether it be cupped, globular, or expanded, should be symmetrical ; the petals even and regularly placed, smooth iad free from all indentures, full but not crowded, the outer row being broad and closely folded to enable the flower to stand firm for several days ; they should be thick and leathery in texture, and not (as we too frequently see them) thin and flimsy, and either faded or fallen to pieces after an hour’s sun. The colour, whatever it is, should be decided and lasting, and not changing to a dull cloudy or objectionable shade. The flower stem should be stout to hold the bloom partly erect, so that it may be seen without the necessity of applying the hand. Every Rose should be fragrant, and the more highly so the better. Whether summer- blooming only or perpetual, it should be free to flower, in the former case yielding abundance of Piscine throughout June and July, and in the latter from June till November, allowing for an occasional rest for each period of flowering. A perpetual 66 Rose to justify its name should always produce blooms at the end of each shoot. As examples of finely formed and perfect Roses the following may be instanced :—Cupped: Baroness Rothschild. Globular : Alfred Colomb, Pierre Notting. Ex- panded : Souvenir de la Malmaison. Compact or Imbricated : A. K. Williams, Mdlle. Marie Cointet. There is another class of Roses which must not be overlooked, nearly if not quite as useful as the above, and to some much more so. These are hardy, free-blooming, attractive varieties for garden decoration, many of which have not a_ single property to recommend them as show flowers, but which for grouping and general effect in the flower garden are most beautiful and attractive. The properties most to be desired in these are freedom and uniformity of growth, profusion of bloom, and brilliancy combined with durability of colour. ExHIBITING AND CuTtTinc Roses ror SHow.— The method of showing now most generally adopted is in trusses, either singly or in groups of three ; in the latter case each truss is placed in a separate tube, so as to exhibit as small as possible the habit and characteristic properties of the variety, This is, undoubtedly, the best and most natural way of showing blooms. The blooms are usually shown in boxes, painted green, which should all be of uniform size. The dimensions required by the Horticultural Society are 6 inches in height at back, 4 inches in front, and 18 inches in width, and any convenient length, say from 3 to 4 feet. The lids are made so that 67 they can be taken off when the flowers are staged for exhibition. The boxes are filled with green moss, into which zine tubes holding water are inserted for the reception of blooms. The tubes may be from 3 to 34 inches deep, and about ¢ inch wide. When three trusses of each variety are to be exhibited, the tubes are placed in a triangular form, each to hold one stem. When cutting blooms, choose, if possible, the early part of the morning, before the dew is off. Blooms gathered at this time will continue fresh throughout the day, but if cut when the sun is upon them, many of the thin-petaled varieties will fade in a few hours. When they cannot be gathered in the morning, let it be done late in the evening, putting the stems into water immediately. In gathering and selecting the blooms, some little practice and skill, as well as an acquaintance with the varieties, will be necessary to enable the exhibitor to form a correct judgment as to the precise stage in which a flower should be when cut, so as to show the real character of the variety, and to be preserved perfect throughout the day of the show. If it be necessary to gather the flowers the morning before the day of the show, many of the thin-petaled varieties must not be more than half expanded ; the stiff and thick-petaled kinds may be nearly fully so. In very hot weather it will not be safe to depend upon any blooms which have been fully expanded and exposed to the sun for even a few hours. In the autumn or in cool weather this is not so 65 important. If the blooms can he gathered upon the morning of the show, many of the flowers may be fully, and others three parts expanded. From four to five inches of the stem should be cut with the bloom, and all, or nearly all, the foliage allowed to remain. In arranging the blooms, some taste will be necessary; the largest blooms should be placed in the back row, and the smallest brought to the front. The colours should contrast as much as possible, for on this the general effect of the stand will much depend. The blooms should always present a nice fresh appearance, and to keep them so a little water should be occasionally sprinkled upon the foliage ; they require also to be kept in as cool and shady a place as possible until the time for staging. Lasets.—Every Rose tree should be labelled ; not only does a knowledge of its name add to the interest of the flower, but it is also a guide at pruning time, for a successful pruner will invariably look to the name of his Rose before commencing operations. Knowing this, he will call to mind the habit of the variety, and prune accordingly. The best kind we can recommend is the Acme Label ; nothing can be more desirable in the way of a label. They are neat, clear, and simple, and _ practically everlasting, the letters being raised in hard rolled zinc ; they can be obtained from the manufacturer, J. Pinches, 27, Oxenden Street, London, 8.W. 69 PART II. A Cxoice SELECTION OF THE MOST ESTEEMED VARIETIES OF Roses IN CULTIVATION, WITH SHorT Descriptions anD NOTES ON THEIR ORIGIN, N this collection, I have selected and described such varieties of Roses as are most worthy of cultivation, omitting all second rate, or doubtful sorts. There may possibly be some omissions of a few good old varieties, but the selection will, I think, be found of ample service. The new Roses of quite recent introduction I have purposely omitted, simply through not having proved them sufficiently to be enabled to give a reliable opinion of their merits. It requires at least one season to test the properties of a new Rose, and those who jump at hasty con- clusions upon the quality of this or that flower, are often misled, and by so doing mislead others. All I have described are from my own personal observa- tion, and may be depended upon as being reliable. The following abbreviations are used to describe the habit of growth :—viq., vigorous ; rob., robust ; mod., moderate. SUMMER ROSKS. —— FLOWERING IN MAY, JUNE, ann JULY. —>—. THE PROVENCE OR CABBAGE ROSE. (htosa centifolia.) The Old Provence or Cabbage Rose is supposed to have been introduced in 1596. All the varieties are perfectly hardy and deliciously fragrant, mostly 70 of moderate or dwarf habit of growth, requiring rich soil and close pruning. They thrive best when grown upon their own roots, and a bed of the Old Cabbage Rose should be in every Rosarium. The De Meaux, or Pompon, is a most interesting and beautiful little Rose ; for a small bed, or for an edging to larger beds, nothing can be better or more beautiful, Few of the kinds are suitable for tall standards ; they will, however, thrive well upon half and dwarf standards. Cabbage Provence, or Old Cabbage Rose: flowers rose colour, the outer petals changing to paler rose, form globular, very large and full, highly fragrant ; mod. Cristata, or Crested (Vibert, 1827): bright rose colour, large and full, with crested calyx ; mod. De Meaux, or Pompon (O, Taunton, 1825): flowers rosy pink and lilac, very small and compact habit, quite dwarf; a most beautiful little Rose ; mod. Spong: pale rose, flowers small; a pretty free-flowering Rose, and useful for edging or for a small bed ; mod. Unique, or White Provence (Grimwood, 1777): flowers paper- white, perhaps the purest white Rose grown, form cupped, moderate size and full, though the petals are not very evenly disposed, habit moderate ; a most beautiful Rose ; mod. THE MOSS ROSE. (Rosa centifolia muscosa.) The original or Old Moss Rose is supposed to have been introduced from Holland in 1596, but as to its origin no satisfactory account has ever been given. It is, however, generally believed to be a sport from the Old Provence, and from the close resemblance which the flowers bear to each other (with the addition of the mossy buds of the former), (@' this is doubtless correct. Although several hundred varieties of the Moss Rose have been raised since the introduction of the original, none are superior, if equal to it, in point of beauty or fragrance ; its long handsome buds covered with tufts of the most beautiful mossy excrescence make it interesting and beautiful in all stages. The Crested Moss Rose, or, as it is sometimes called, Crested Provence, is most peculiar and beautiful; the beauty of its bud alone should claim a place for it in every garden. The Moss Roses are mostly of delicate growth, though some are vigorous and robust in habit, and form good standards, but as a rule they all succeed best when grown upon low stocks, or otherwise upon their own roots; the latter mode is best suited to the Old Moss, and no garden wherever Roses are grown should be without a bed or two of this old favourite. They require rather high cultivation and close pruning, and generally speaking rather better treat- ment than ordmary kinds. In wet or cold damp soils they do not thrive, a warm dry soil being required, and this well supplied annually with manure. If at any time they appear to decline in health, they should be taken up and replanted into fresh loamy soil, and cut hard back. Alice Leroy (Trouillard, 1842): rosy pink, good mossy buds, free blooming, good habit ; mod. Baronne de Wassenaer (Verdier, 1854): deep rose, very large, double and showy 3; vig. Celina (Robert, 1855): velvety purple and crimson, very beau- tiful in bud, but delicate and weak-growing ; mod. Colonel Robert le Fort (EK. Verdier, 1884): reddish purple, flower large, very double and very fragrant ; mod. 72 Common, or Old: pale rose, globular, very large and excellent ; mod. Comtesse du Murinats (Vibert, 1843): generally white, some- times flesh ; a distinct robust-growing kind ; rob. Crested (Vibert, 1827): pale rosy pink, buds beautifully crested ; very handsome and distinct ; mod. Gloire des Mousseuses (Laffay, 1852): pale rose, outer petals whitish ; most distinct and beautiful Moss Rose ; wig. Gracilis, or Prolific (Shailler, 1796): deep pink, globular, large, full, and of good shape; an excellent kind ; vig. John Cranston (E. Verdier, 1861): shaded violet-crimson, colour rich and good ; wig. Julie de Mersant : rose, pretty moss buds ; vig. Lanei (Laffay, 1845): deep brilliant rose, a beautiful round handsome bud ; one of the best Moss Roses grown ; wv/g. Little Gem (W. Paul & Son, 1880): a miniature Moss Rose ; it forms compact bushes, densely covered with small double crimson flowers, beautifully mossed, distinct ; wig. Luxembourg : purplish crimson ; a good pillar Rose ; wig. Marie de Blois (Moreau-Robert, 1852}: bright rose, large and full; an excellent Rose, with well-mossed and handsome buds; mod. Princess Alice (Paul, 1853): blush, pink centre, good habit, buds well mossed ; mod. White Bath (Salter, 1810): paper-white, beautiful, large and full; the best white Moss Rose ; wiy. THE FRENCH ROSE. (Rosa Gallica.) The French Rose, or Rosa Gallica, is supposed to have been introduced into England about the six- teenth century, and until the introduction of the Perpetual-blooming varieties was the favourite Rose of our English gardens. Upwards of one thousand varieties of this family alone have been cultivated ; such, however, has been the increase of Perpetual Roses during the last twenty years, that the Gallica and other summer-blooming Roses (excepting the very choicest kinds) have long been thrown out of cultivation. There are, however, many varieties of this family, possessing a brilliancy and richness of colour, together with flowers of perfect form and chaste outline combined with delicious fragrance, which for Garden Roses cannot be dispensed with, They are all perfectly hardy, and will grow in any ordinary garden soil, though improved by, and well deserving of liberal cultivation. They are all suit- able for growing as standards or dwarf bushes, and no Roses bloom more abundantly, nor produce a finer show throughout June and July. Moderate close pruning is necessary, the heads being kept well thinned out of the small and weak wood. Belle des Jardins (Guillot fils, 1872): violet-red, striped pure white, flowers medium size, full ; mod. Blanchfleur (Vibert, 1846): white, slightly tinted with flesh colour ; mod. Boula de Nantenil : vich crimson and purple, very large and full ; rob. Commandante Beaurepaire (Moreau-Robert, 1875): bright rose colour, striped purple and violet, mottled with white, large and full ; rob. D’ Aguesseau : crimson, shaded with purple, large and full ; mod. Duchess of Buccleuch : dark rose colour, margin blush, beautiful ; vig. Kean, or Shakespeare : vich velvety purple, centre scarlet ; vey. La Tour d Auvergne: bright rose, slightly mottled, and finely shaped ; vig. Gillet Flamand (Vibert, 1845): rose colour, striped with white and red ; mod. Gillet Parfait (Foulard, 1841): pure white, striped with rosy crimson, very double, beautiful; one of the best striped Roses ; mod, 74 Ohl : velvety crimson, rich colour, beautiful flowers, large and finely shaped ; 7ob. Perle des Panachées: white, finely striped with rose, pretty and distinct ; mod. Village Maid : white and crimson striped, pretty, but only semi- double ; mod. THE HYBRID CHINA ROSE. (Rosa indica hybrida). The Hybrid China Roses are hybrids between the French and the Provence, crossed with the China and Noisette Roses. They are most robust growers, with ample foliage and showy flowers. Their vigorous growth and hardy constitution make them the most desirable of all for forming large handsome pillar Roses; and certainly nothing can be more beautiful than Blairii No. 2, Chénédolé, Fulgens, Leopold de Bauffremont, Madame Plantier, Magna Rosea, &c., when grown six to eight feet in height, and trained to rough poles ; in this form they are usually one mass of flower from bottom to top. They are also adapted for standards, especially where tall standards are required, and the most vigorous sorts may be trained to form umbrella-shaped heads. In pruning, do not shorten the strong shoots upon the vigorous growers too close ; thin out the heads, and prune the strong shoots down to 18 inches or 2 feet, and the weak ones to 9 or 12 inches, Blairii No. 2 (Blair, 1845): rosy blush, fine large petals, very handsome foliage ; fine pillar or weeping Rose; vig. Brennus (Laffay, 1830): deep carmine; a handsome old variety, which forms a noble standard or pillar; v7¢. Chenedole (Thierry): brilliant glowing crimson, very showy, and a superb variety ; forms a noble standard or pillar Rose ; vg. Comtesse de Lacepede : silvery blush, very distinct and beautiful ; vig. Double Margined Hip: creamy white, beautifully edged with pink ; a very pretty Rose; vig. Fulgens (Malton): bright scarlet-crimson, colour exquisite; a fine old Rose, very showy, and an exquisite pillar or weeping Rose ; _ vig. Leopold de Baujfremont: fresh rosy pink, shape perfect; a beau- tiful, compact, free-blooming, and fine pillar Rose ; wg. Madame Plantier (Plantier, 1835): pure white ; an abundant bloomer, and a good pillar Rose ; vg. Madame Riviere (Eug. Verdier fils, 1874): very beautiful and delicate bright rose, very large, full, and well formed ; vg. Magna Rosea: light blush, tinted with pink, very large and showy ; 779. THE HYBRID BOURBON ROSE, (Rosa Bourbonica hybrida.) These are hybrids between the Gallica and Provence, and the Bourbon Roses; the foliage, which is large, handsome, and shining, partakes much of the latter kind, the flowers resembling the Hybrid Chinas, They are nearly all of vigorous or robust growth, forming handsome standards, and some make good pillar Roses. A few are good show Roses, in fact, Charles Lawson, Coupe d’Hebe, and Paul Ricaut, are equal to any in cultivation. Catherine Bonnard (EK. Verdier, 1871): cerise-crimson flowers moderate size, full, and well formed ; a good pillar Rose ; wg. Charles Lawson (Lawson, 1853): bright rose shaded, very large and double ; a fine Rose; vig. Coupe d?Hebe (Laffay, 1840): delicate rosy flesh, large and double ; one of the most beautiful of summer Roses ; 70d, 76 Juno (Laffay, 1847): pale rose, globular, very large and full; a handsome Rose, and good for a pillar; wig. "Madame Isaac Pereire (Margottin fils, 1880): beautiful vivid carmine, full, of immense size, perfect imbricated form, blooming all the season, growth very vigorous ; a first-class variety ; wig. Madame Jeanne Joubert (Margottin, 1877): fine carmine, large and imbricated, blooming late in the autumn ; a good garden Rose ; mod. Paul Perras: pale rose, very large and handsome ; makes a fine standard or pillar Rose ; v7. Paul Ricaut (Portemer, 1845): brilliant carmine, very large, most exquisitely formed, and very beautiful ; vig. Souvenir de Mons. Faivre (Levet, 1879): fine scarlet-red, with slaty reflex, very large, full, and well formed ; zg. Vivid (W. Paul & Son, 1853): vivid crimson, showy ; a fine pillar or climbing Rose ; vig. THE ALBA OR WHITE ROSE. (Rosa alba.) The Alba Roses are distinguished by their light glossy foliage, and white, blush, or delicately pink flowers. They are a very distinct group, of moderate growth, with flowers of moderate size. They are all abundant bloomers, and form good standards, half-standards, or dwarf bushes. They require close pruning. Belle de Segur : soft rosy flesh colour, with blush edges, medium size, and full; mod. Celestial, or Maiden’s Blush : flesh colour, beautifully tinted with the most delicate pink ; mod. Felicité Parmentier: blush, with pink centre, large and full; mod. Madame Legras: creamy white, large and full, free bloomer ; mod, 77 THE DAMASK ROSE. (Rosa Damascena.) The introduction of the Damask Kose dates as far back as 1573, when, as is supposed, it was introduced from Syria. The leaves are pubescent and of pale green colour, by which the group is readily dis- tinguished. They are all deliciously fragrant ; this, and the interest attached to the early introduction of the species, will always obtain admirers of the Damask Rose. They are mostly of moderate growth, and require rather close pruning and rich soil. La Ville de Bruxelles (Vibert, 1836): bright glossy rose, full and very handsome; a robust-growing Rose ; makes a good pillar or standard ; rob. Leda, or Painted Damask: blush, edged with pink, pretty and distinct ; mod. Madame Hardy (Hardy, 1832): pure white, large and full; an excellent old white Rose, of moderate though good habit ; mod. Madame Stoltz: pale lemon, nicely formed, distinct and pretty ; vig. Madame Zoutman: the palest flesh, often white, shape perfect ; the most beautiful of all white Roses ; mod. York and Lancaster: red and white, striped, large and full; vig. THE AUSTRIAN BRIAR, (Rosa lutea.) The Austrian Briar was introduced from the South of Europe in 1596. The different varieties form a beautiful and distinct group, containing the deepest and purest yellow Roses in cultivation—the Persian Yellow especially; this was introduced 78 from Persia in 1838. Harrisonii is also a beautiful free-flowering Rose. These Roses, after the first or second year, require little or no pruning ; let the heads be kept well thinned, and merely the ends taken off the long shoots. They are, perhaps, more impatient of a smoky atmosphere than any other Roses, and to grow them successfully they must have pure air and a warm dry soil. Austrian Yellow: flowers single, colour bright yellow ; succeeds best grown upon its own roots ; mod. Austrian Copper: flowers reddish copper, single, striking and beautiful ; succeeds best upon its own roots ; mod. Harrisonii (Harrison, 1830): fine golden yellow, semi-double, flowers of moderate size ; a very free grower, and a most abundant bloomer ; forms a good weeping or pillar Rose ; rob. Persian Yellow (Willcock, 1838): the deepest golden yellow, flowers large and full ; the finest of all double yellow Roses, hardy and free growing ; rob, THE SWEET BRIAR. (Rosa rubiginosa). So delicious is the scent of the Sweet Briar that no Rose garden, nor in fact, any other garden of flowers should be without a bush or two, or a hedge of this native plant. Many varieties have been raised, producing double flowers, all of which are more or less fragrant, but none whose leaves possess the delicious perfume of the common kind. I con- sider but one variety worthy of cultivation for its flower alone, which is the Double Scarlet. Double Scarlet: bright rosy crimson, flowers small, perfectly double and deliciously fragrant; very pretty and free flowering, habit of growth moderate. 79 THE SCOTCH ROSE. (Rosa spinosissima.) The Scotch Rose is a native of the north of England and Scotland. Many interesting and pretty varieties have been raised, but as none of them possess the properties of a florist’s flower, they have been thought but little of; nevertheless, they are very pretty and sweet scented, and blooming so early in spring, before any other Roses, are desir- able and well worthy of cultivation. They form pretty hedges in the Rosarium, and may also be planted with good effect upon sloping banks or in rough situations. They are so thoroughly hardy that they will grow im the poorest soil. The follow- ing are a few of the best varieties :— Argo: blush. Snowball - white. Arthur's Seat: pale blush. Townsend » blush. Flora: deep rose. Yellow: straw, often only Loch Ness: pale rose. creamy white. Pluto: \ilac-rose. CLIMBING ROSES. =< — THE AYRSHIRE ROSE. (Rosa arvensis.) The Ayrshire Rose, a native of Britain, is one of the hardiest and most vigorous of Roses. From their rampant and quick growth, they are the most suitable for covering rough banks, archways, arbours, festoons, &c.; they also form beautiful objects when grown as weeping Roses, being 80 budded upon tall standard Briars, eight to nine feet in height. No pruning (further than reducing their size when overgrown) is necessary. Bennett's Seedling (Bennett, 1840): pure white, small flowers, blooms in immense large clusters; beautiful as climbing or weeping Rose ; wig. Dundee Rambler (Martin): white, tinged with pink, very vigorous ; vq. Myrrh-scented: white, tinged with pink, pretty, and very fragrant ; vig. (Queen of the Belgians: creamy white, thick petals, large and double ; wig. Ruga: pale flesh, very fragrant and beautiful, double, free blooming ; vig. Splendens: white tinged with pink, very pretty ; vig. Thoresbyana (Bennett, 1840): see Bennett’s Seedling. HYBRID OF AYRSHIRE. Madame Viviand-Morel (Schwartz, 1883): carmine-rose colour, tinted with cherry-red, reverse of the petals violet-white, of medium size, blooming in clusters, climbing habit; a seedling from Cheshunt Hybrid, and of an Ayrshire ; vig. THE MULTIFLORA ROSE. (Rosa multiflora.) The Multiflora Rose was introduced from China in 1804. From the original type some twenty or thirty varieties have sprung; out of these can be selected three excellent and distinct, Roses, being all that are desirable from this group. De La Griffere : deep rose colour, changing to blush, double ; VL. gold Davoust » pink and lilac blush, blooms in immense large clusters; the most beautiful of all climbing Roses ; vig. Russelliana: rose colour, changing to lilac, flowers of medium size ; a distinct and pretty Rose ; vig. 81 THE EVERGREEN ROSE, (Rosa sempervirens.) The Evergreen Roses, correctly speaking, are only sub-evergreen ; although during a mild winter they often retain their foliage the greater part of the season. They are well furnished with ample foliage of dark green colour, and of most vigorous growth ; their flowers are small, produced in corymbs, and mostly fragrant. These Roses are natives of Italy. Donna Maria: pure white, small and double ; vig. Felicité Perpetue (Jacques, 1828): creamy white, beautiful ; a good climbing Rose ; wig. Rampant : pure white, double ; vig. THE BOURSAULT ROSE. (Rosa alpina.) The Boursault Roses are a very distinct group, having very smooth reddish wood, quite free from thorns ; they are vigorous growers, making good climbing or pillar Roses. The original Rosa alpina, a single red Rose, is a native of the Alps, the name Boursault having been given to it by a French amateur of that name, who raised the first double variety, which is still in cultivation under the name of the Old or Red Boursault. Amadis, or Crimson (Laffay, 1829): brilliant purplish crimson, changing to purplish lilac ; a showy semi-double Rose, and one of the best ; veg. Gracilis (Shailler, 1796): bright rosy pink, large and full, superb ; vig. Inervrmis (Lacharme, 1850): rosy pink, changing to pale rose, flowers large and double ; a distinct and good kind ; wig. Weeping Boursault: flowers blush colour, small and_ pretty, blooming most abundantly, habit quite pendulous; a distinct and pretty Rose ; vig. 82 THE BANKSIAN ROSE. (Rosa Banksia). The White Banksian was introduced from China in 1807, and named in honour of Lady Banks. The Yellow Banksian Rose was introduced in 1827. They are rather tender sub-evergreen Roses, very vigorous in growth, with small and beautiful shining leaves. Their time of flowering is May; owing to this, and a somewhat tender habit, they can only be crown successfully against a south wall. The time to prune them is just after they have flowered, say in June; all gross shoots should be taken out, retaining all the small twiggy branches, for it is upon the points of these that the flowers are produced. A warm dry soil suits them best. Alba, or White (1807): white, flowers small and very double, produced in large clusters, deliciously fragrant, having somewhat of the violet scent ; vig. Fortuniana (1850): white, large and very sweet. Introduced from China, by Mr. Fortune, in 1850 ; wig. LIutea, or Yellow (1827): bright yellow, small, double and very pretty; flowers produced in clusters, in great abundance ; wig. Besides the above groups of climbing Roses, there are the hybrid climbing, two varieties only of which may be considered worthy of culture, viz., The Garland, white and pale llac, and Madame d’Arblay, a pure white Rose of the most vigorous growth. Sir John Sebright, a hybrid Musk Rose, is also worthy of culture; flowers light crimson, small but showy. The Prairie Roses (Rosa rubifolia), of which there are some twenty varieties, are only of secondary merit ; Queen of the Prairies is perhaps the best, and the only one at all worthy of notice. 83 AUTUMNAL ROSES. —————— FLOWERING FROM JUNE TILL NOVEMBER. ——— THE PERPETUAL MOSS ROSE. (Rosa centifolia.) It is only within the last few years that any really fine perpetual Moss Roses have been raised; we have, however, now « few first-rate varieties in this class, possessing the properties of the Moss Rose, with the desirable addition of blooming in _ the autumn. Many of the varieties are somewhat difficult to propagate, and only the most vigorous do well upon the Dog Rose. I find, however, that all of them grow freely upon the Manetti stock, especially the moderate growers. They require rich soil and close pruning. Alfred de Dalmas (Laffay, 1855): pink, flowers small ; rob. Blanche Moreau (Moreau-Robert, 1880): pure white, large, full, and of fine form, well furnished with deep green moss; one of the best ; vig. Eugénie Guinoisseau (Guinoisseau, 1864): cherry-red, large and full; mod. Eugene de Savoie (Moreau-Robert, 1861): bright red, large and full ; wg. James Veitch (EK. Verdier, 1864): deep violet, shaded red, large and double ; one of the best ; v7. Madame Edouard Ory (Moreau-Robert, 1854) : reddish crimson, globular, very large ; a good Rose; mod. Madame Moreau (Moreau-Robert, 1872): rose, edged with white, large, full and expanded ; wig. Madame William Paul (Moreau-Robert, 1869): bright rose, large and full, finely formed ; a good free-blooming Rose ; vig. 84 Mousseline (Moreau-Robert, 1881): rosy white, changing to pure white, large, globular ; wig. Perpetual White Moss (Laffay): white, blooming in clusters, very mossy ; vig. Salet (Lacharme, 1854): bright rose, changing into light rose, large, full, and thoroughly perpetual ; vq. Soupert et Notting (Pernet, 1875), bright rose, large, globular, very full; one of the best ; mod. Souvenir de Pierre Vibert (Moreau-Robert, 1867): dark red, shaded carmine and violet, large, full, and free blooming ; wg. THE MICROPHYLLA ROSE. (Rosa microphylla.) The most important of the Microphylla Roses are the Rugosa, introduced some years ago from Japan. R. alba and R. rubra are splendid shrubs for borders. The flowers are succeeded by hips of large size, which are very attractive in the autumn. Ma Surprise (Guillot, 1872): white, centre rosy peach, large, full, and sweetly scented ; mod. Rugosa alba: white, large size, five petals, very fragrant; a beautiful single Rose ; mod. Rugosa rubra: deep rose, tinged with violet; the leaflets are nine in number, of dark colour, and very tough and durable ; mod. Rugosa rubra flore pleno (syn. Himalayensis) : crimson, large, full and double ; mod, THE DAMASK PERPETUAL ROSE. The Damask Perpetual Roses have many claims for admiration ; their rich perfume is delicious, and their compact habit of growth, with a profusion of bloom throughout the summer and autumn, renders them most desirable Roses for bedding or grouping. Crimson Superb or Mogador is the best—a large bed 85 of this should be grown by everyone ; it succeeds admirably upon the Manetti stock, but it does not grow freely upon the Briar. All the moderate growers in this class require close pruning, and to grow them successfully they must have rich soil annually replenished with manure. Celiné Dubois (1850): white, slightly tinged with rose; a sport from Crimson (Rose du Roi); mod. Crimson (Rose du Roi) (Souchet, 1819): brilliant crimson, large and full, deliciously fragrant ; mod. Madame Knorr (Verdier, 1865): pale rose, medium, full, sweet- scented ; moc. THE PERPETUAL SCOTCH ROSE. (Rosa spinosissima. ) Stanwell Perpetual: this is the only variety of this group worthy of culture. The flowers are rosy blush, often tinted with pink, large and tolerably full. It is a free autumnal bloomer and deliciously fragrant ; a beautiful and distinct Rose ; mod. THE MACARTNEY ROSE. (Rosa bracteata.) The old single Macartney Rose is a native of China, and was introduced in 1795. There are only two or three varieties worth growing. They are all somewhat tender, requiring protection during winter; they succeed best when trained upon a wall. Alba odorata (Levet, 1876): flowers yellowish white, large and full; a good climber, and should be trained against a south wall ; wig, Berberifolia Hardii: bright yellow, with chocolate centre ; flowers single, somewhat resembling the Cistus; mod. Marie Leonida : white, centre blush, flowers large and double ; a very distinct Rose, and very pretty; vig. 86 THE MUSK ROSE. (Rosa Muscata. ) One of the oldest family of Roses, somewhat resembling the Noisette Roses in habit, but having a peculiar musk-like scent. They flower freely through the autumn, but should have a sheltered situation, and protection during winter. Fringed: white, petals serrated ; cupped ; vig. Princesse de Nassau: cream, changing to pure white flowers, double and highly scented; wig. Rivers’: pink, shaded with buff; vz. THE POLYANTHA ROSE. (Rosa Polyantha.) Anne Marie de Montravel (Veuve Rambaux, 1881): pure white, small, full and imbricated ; flowers produced in clusters and in extraordinary quantities ; v7. Cecile Brunner (Veuve Ducher, 1881): bright rose, yellowish in centre, very sweet; vig. Jeanne Drivon (Schwartz, 1884): white, edged and shaded with pink, very double, distinct ; mod. Mignonette (Guillot, 1882): soft rose changing to white; small and pretty, blooming in clusters ; mod. Perle d@Or (Dubreuil, 1884): nankeen-yellow, with orange centre; small and full, very beautiful; flowers very numerous and of good shape ; mod, Paquerette (Guillot, 1876): small and double, pure white, produced in panicles ; mod. Princesse Wilhelmine des Pays Bas (Soupert et Notting, 1886) : pure white, imbricated, very sweet ; mod. THE HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSE. These invaluable Roses have been obtamed by crossing the Hybrid China with the Bourbon, China eee 87 and ‘T’ea-scented Roses, thereby producing a hardy race flowering throughout the summer and autumn. The Rose has perhaps undergone greater improve- ment within the last twenty years than it ever previously attained, and this improvement may be attributed in a great measure to the introduction of the class now under consideration, having opened a field for hybridising and raising seedlings to an almost endless extent. A better foundation to work upon there could not possibly have been, for certainly they are the most desirable of all Roses, In this section we have varieties suited to any soil, climate, or situation, and also adapted to a variety of purposes. Although vigorous and hardy, nevertheless some discretion must be exercised in selecting for cold damp situations, for many Roses which in the south of England are beautiful, will scarcely open their flowers in the north. Nearly all the Hybrid Perpetuals, excepting those described as of moderate habit, make good standards, but it will be well in every instance, when making selections, to bear in mind that the vigorous and robust make the best standards, and the moderate growers should be grown as dwarf bushes or dwarf standards only. There are many fine varieties in this class which are admirably adapted for grouping in masses. The following are especially fine: La France, General Jacqueminot, Baroness Rothschild, Senateur Vaisse, &c. The vigorous growers make handsome pillar Roses; for this purpose they are best budded upon 88 the Manetti stock. So overwhelmed are we with Roses of this class that the great difficulty now is to make a choice selection, which, considering the large number of varieties, may naturally be sup- posed to be not a very easy task. I beg, however, to submit the following, which I think will be found to contain all the best sorts which have been intro- duced up to the present time :-— Abel Carriere (E. Verdier, 1875): dark velvety crimson, colour of Prince Camille de Rohan, large and well formed, good shape, and one of the best dark Roses; v/y. Abel Grand (Damaizin, 1865): clear silvery pink, flowers large, full, and well formed ; a good Rose, and very sweet; viy. Alexandrine Bachmeteff (Margottin, 1853): light cherry-red, large and full; wy. Alexander Dupont (Liabaud, 1883): purple velvety red, shaded crimson ; very large; wg. Alfred Colomb (Lacharme, 1865): brilliant carmine-crimson, flowers very large, full, and globular; superb; vig. Alfred de Rougemont (Lacharme, 1863): purplish crimson, shaded fiery red, large and full; v7y. Alfred K. Williams (Schwartz, 1877): fine carmine-red, large, full, and imbricated ; one of the most beautiful and perfect; wig. Alice Dureau (Vigneron, 1867): rosy lilac, centre deep red rose, flowers very full, globular; very fine and sweet-scented; viv. Alphonse Soupert (Lacharme, 1884): pure vivid rose, the flower in the way of La Reine; growth very vigorous, in the way of Jules Margottin ; first class for forcing ; American Beauty (Bancroft, 1885); bright rosy carmine, large and full, sweetly scented ; a good Rose; viy. Andre Gill (Barrault, 1883): bright carmine-red, large, fuil, and well formed, globular ; v7. Anna Alexie (Margottin, 1858): pretty rose colour, large, full, and of good habit ; flowers freely; v7q. Annie Laxton (Laxton, 1871); deep rose, beautifully shaded with cherry-crimson ; very early ; mod. vu. 89 Annie Wood (E. Verdier, 1866): brilliant crimson-scarlet, flowers double and perfectly imbricated ; a first-rate Rose ; vig. Antoine Ducher (Ducher, 1866): very rich crimson-rose, large smooth thick petals, flowers large, full, deep, and well formed ; rob. Auguste Neumann (E. Verdier, 1869: rich velvety crimson and violet-purple, very dark, and colour stands well, full and of good size; a good Rose; mod. Auguste Rigotard (Schwartz, 1871): clear brilliant crimson, petals large, even, and smooth, flowers cupped ; a fine Rose; vig. Baron Adolphe de Rothschild (Lacharme, 1862): fiery red, large and full; a well-shaped Rose ; vig. Baron de Bonstettin (Liabaud, 1871): rich velvety purple, in the way of and similar to Monsieur Boncenne ; a fine Rose ; vig. Baron de Maynard (Lacharme, 1865): pure paper-white, flower of moderate size, full and well formed ; mod/. Baron Haussmann (Leveque fils, 1867): clear carmine-crimson, flowers of good size, beautifully imbricated and full; a fine Rose ; v7/¢. Baron Nathaniel de Rothschild (Leveque, 1883): bright crim- son-red, large, full, fine form; véy. Baronne Nathaniel de Rothschild (Pernet, 1885): delicate silvery rose, very large and nearly full, globular ; mod. Baronne Prevost (Desprez, 1843): brilliant rose, very large and full ; forms a fine pillar Rose on the Manetti stock ; vg. Baroness Rothschild (Pernet, 1869): palest flesh, petals large and smooth, flowers large, double, and of fine globular form ; very distinct and beautiful, and one of the best; v7g. Barthelemy Joubert (Moreau-Robert, 1877): bright cherry-red, large and full; fine; riv. Beauty of Beeston (Frettingham, 1872): brilliant velvety ermnson, full and fragrant ; mod. Beauty of Waltham (W. Paul, 1862): cherry-crimson, petals large and well disposed, flowers cupped, large and finely formed, very sweet ; 79. Bessie Johnson (Curtis, 18 eae blush-white, flowers very large and full, and highly fragrant ; a good light Rose ; vig. Boieldieu (Margottin, 187 7): Uys 8 ened very large, full globular flower ; vig. 90 Boule de Neige (Lacharme, 1867): pure white, centre delicately shaded with cream, flowers of beautifully imbricated form; a good white Rose ; mod. Brightness of Cheshunt (Paul & Son, 1881): peculiarly vivid brick-red, a medium-sized flower of open imbricated form; very free and fine autumnal ; 777. Brilliant (W. Paul & Son, 1886): bright scarlet-crimson, petals of great substance ; good button-hole and garden Rose; vig. Camille Bernardin (Gautreau, 1865): bright red, beautifully formed, large, full and deliciously sweet ; rig. Captain Christy (Lacharme, 1873): blush, centre delicate flesh colour, flowers large, full and beautifully formed ; a superb Rose; mod. Centifolia rosea (Touvais, 1863): rich rose-pink, flowers large and cupped; a very distinct and beautiful Rose, with abundant foliage ; vig. Charles Darwin (Laxton, 1879): deep crimson, with brownish tint, and slightly shaded with violet ; a good autumnal bloomer and thoroughly distinct ; vq. Charles Dickens (W. Paul & Son, 1886): rose colour, large and full; a most profuse bloomer, hardy and free ; a grand garden and bedding Rose ; vig. Charles Lamb (W. Paul & Son, 1884): bright clear red, and full, handsome foliage ; vig. Charles Lefebvre (Lacharme, 1861): rich velvety shaded crimson, flowers large and of fine form ; a superb Rose ; vg. Clara Cochet (Lacharme, 1886): clear satin-rose, with brighter centre, very large and full; 77g. Climbing Captain Christy (Ducher, 1881): a sport from Captain Christy ; a good wall Rose ; vig. Climbing Charles Lefebvre (Cranston, 1876): a wonderful vigorous sport from that superb old Rose Charles Lefebvre, pro- ducing shoots 8 to 9 feet in a season ; as a perpetual climbing Rose this is a great acquisition ; rig. Climbing Edouard Morven (Paul & Son, 1879): same as Edouard Morren, but more vigorous ; vi7. Climbing Jules Margottin (Cranston, 1875): a sport from Jules Margottin, with flowers exactly similar to its parent; a free and vigorous climbing habit, not in a robust form, but branching as freely as an evergreen climbing Rose ; 5 LV, 91 Climbing Vietor Verdier (Paul & Son, 1871): bright cherry-red strong climbing habit ; a good pillar or climbing Rose ; vg. Clovis (Ledechaux, 1868): violet-red, shaded, distinct and good ; vig. Colonel Felix Breton (Schwartz, 1884): velvety grenata-red, large and full, regularly imbricated form, growth vigorous ; a new colour ; vig. Comte de Mortemart (Margottin fils, 1881): fine clear rose, of very large size, full; in the way of Centifolia, beautiful circular shelled form ; a very distinct variety in every way; mod, Comte Horace de Choiseuwil (Leveque, 1879): fiery vermilion, tinged velvety scarlet, large and full, very fragrant ; vig. Conte de Paris (Leveque, 1887): poppy red, shaded with bright purple, brown, and vivid crimson, large, full and of good shape, very vigorous ; a good Rose ; vig. Comtesse de Camondo (Leveque, 1880): tine bright rose, shaded with violet, very large, full, imbricated form ; extra; vig. Comtesse de Casteja (J. Margottin fils, 1883): rich deep scarlet, large, full, perfect imbricated form; opens freely; a first-class variety 5 vq. Comtesse Cecille de Chabrillant (Marest, 1858): beautiful satin- rose, flowers very compact and perfect, superb, very sweet ; mod. Comtesse de Paris (KE. Verdier, 1864): very bright clear red, and of fine form; a good Rose ; mod. Comtesse de Paris (Leveque, 1883): bright rose colour, large, full, and globulous, well formed ; mod. Cointesse de Serenyi (Lacharme, 1874): blush centre, beautifully shaded rose, cupped and perfectly formed; one of the best light Roses ; vig. Constantin Kretiakoji (Jamain, 1877): flowers very large, very full, well formed, beautiful brilliant cerise-red, much deeper in the centre ; a superb Rose and sweet scented ; vig. Coquette des Alpes (Lacharme, 1867): white, centre rose shaded, fine form, full, free bloomer ; mod. Coquette des Blanches (Lacharme, 1871): pure white, globular, large and good ; vig. Countess of Oxford (Guillot pére, 1869): carmine, with soft violet shade, velvety, flowers large, full, and cupped, petals smooth; a fine Rose ; vy. 92 Countess of Rosebery (W. Paul & Son, 1879): flowers brilliant carmine-rose, large, full, and finely cupped: a vigorous-growing variety, blooming freely all through summer and autumn ; 779. Crimson Bedder (Cranston, 1874): as a crimson bedding Rose, this variety surpasses every other for brilliancy of colour and con- tinuous blooming; its habit of growth is moderate, and shoots short-jointed, producing a mass of flowers the whole season; colour scarlet and crimson, very effective and lasting, clean glossy foliage and free from mildew; excellent for forcing ; mod. Crown Prince (W. Paul & Son, 1880): flowers bright purple, the centre shaded with lurid crimson, very large and double ; vig. Dean of Windsor (Turner, 1878): clear rich vermilion, some- times slightly shaded with crimson, large, full, and good sym- metrical form ; free and constant ; vig. Devienne Lamy (Leveque fils, 1888): deep carmine, a large full flower of imbricated form ; a very fine Rose ; mod. Dingée Conard (E. Verdier, 1875): rich velvety crimson, a well- formed compact flower, fine even petals, and good high centre; a fine dark Rose ; mod. Directeur Alphand (Leveque et fils, 1884): deep blackish purple, large, full, and well formed ; growth very vigorous; vig. Docteur Andry (E. Verdier, 1864): rich rosy crimson, flowers large, fine smooth petals ; a superb Rose ; vig. Doctenr Baillon (Margottin pére, 1878): bright crimson-red shaded with purple, large, full, and well formed ; rob. Dr. Hogg (Laxton, 1880): deep violet, nearest to the blue colour sometimes desired in Roses, pretty shell-shaped petal, and very hardy ; wig. Dr. Sewell (Turner, 1879): brilliant crimson-scarlet, shaded with purple, back of petals bright red, large, full, and finely cupped ; wig. Due de Montpensier (Leveque, 1875); rich velvety crimson, flowers large, full, and well formed ; a superb Rose; vig. Due de Rohan (Leveque, 1861): fine brilliant carmine, superb colour ; a good old Rose ; mod. Duc de Wellington (Granger, 1864): rich velvety crimson, flowers good size, cupped and well formed ; a first-rate Rose ; mod. Duchesse de Caylus (C. Verdier, 1864): glowing rosy crimson, flowers large, full, and beautifully cupped, with high centre and fine outline ; mod. 93 Duchesse de Vallombrosa (Schwartz, 1875): blush, centre delicate flesh, flowers large, full, and cupped; an exquisitely formed and beautiful Rose ; vig. Duchess of Bedford (W. Paul & Son, 1879): flowers dazzling light scarlet-crimson, large, full, and of perfect globular shape ; vig. Duchess of Connaught (Noble, 1883): crimson shaded purple, large and full, very fine; vq. Duchess of Edinburgh (Bennett, 1874): pale rose, flowers large and globular ; a well formed flower, but not constant ; vig. Duke of Albany (W. Paul & Son, 1883): vivid crimson, changing darker, and shaded with velvety black, large and full; a good autumnal bloomer ; vig. Duke of Connaught (Paul & Son, 1878): velvety crimson and purple, rich deep colour; a compact well-formed, and very good Rose ; mod. Duke of Edinburgh (Paul & Son, 1868): rich velvety crimson, shaded, flowers large and very attractive ; a superb Rose ; vig. Duke of Teck (Paul & Son, 1880): bright crimson-scarlet, clear and distinct ; in the way of Duke of Edinburgh ; vig. 5 Dupuy Jamain (Jamain, L868): brilliant carmine-crimson, colour very fine, petals large, broad, and smooth, flowers well formed, luxuriant foliage ; a good Rose ; vig. Earl of Beaconsfield (Christy, 1880): cherry-red, centre darker, large and full; mod. Earl of Dufferin (Alex. Dickson & Sons, 1887): velvety crimson, shaded with maroon, flowers large, full and well formed ; vg. Earl of Pembroke (Bennett, 1882): velvety crimson, enlivened on margin of petals with bright red ; very vigorous ; vig. Edouard Morren (Granger, 1868): brilliant glossy pink, large; a good Rose ; wig. Egeria (Schwartz, 1878): light silvery peach colour, large, full and well formed ; wig. Elie Morel (Boucharlet, 1867): rosy lilac, flowers large and of fine form ; a beautiful Rose ; vy. Lilla Gordon (W. Paul & Son, 1884): bright cherry-red, large, full and globular, petals smooth, thick and well rounded ; vig. Emilie Hausburg (Leveque, 1869): light rose changing to pale satin-rose, large and full, exquisitely formed ; v7. 94 Emily Laxton (Laxton, 1877): large full flower with globular pointed buds, flowers large and well formed ; a good Rose ; wiy. Emperor (Wm, Paul & Son, 1884): very dark, almost black, small and neat for button-holes ; hardy and free, both in growth and flowering ; 779. Empress (Wm. Paul & Son, 1884): white with pink centre, small, neat and of perfect form; a good button-hole Rose; a seedling from the Mazden’s Blush, flowering in summer and autumn ; 779. Empress of India (Laxton, 1876): dark crimson and purple, well formed, moderate size ; vig. Ernest Prince (Ducher, 1882): clear red, deeper in the centre, very large, well formed and globulous ; wig. Etendard de Lyon (Gonod, 1884): a very striking peweony-red colour, large and distinct ; very effective ; mod. Eugene Appert (V. Trouillard, 1859): bright scarlet and crimson, colour superb ; a fine pillar Rose ; vig. Exposition de Brie (Grainger, 1865): rich glowing crimson, flowers large and. of good form ; very fine ; 17. Ferdinand Chafjolte (Pernet, 1879): deep velvety crimson, colour very bright and beautiful, flowers large and full, outer petals smooth and shell-shaped ; vig. Firebrand (Labruyere, 1873): crimson, medium size, double and good; very fragrant ; rob. Fisher Holmes (I. Verdier, 1865): rich purplish crimson, flowers large, cupped, double and of fine imbricated form; a superb Rose ; rob, Fontenelle (Moreau, Robert, 1877): dark velvety crimson and purple, very large and full, blooms in clusters ; viv. Francois Fontaine (Fontaine, 1867): dark rosy crimson, large globular form ; a good late-blooming kind ; vq. Francois Levet (Levet, 1880): Chinese rose, medium size ; v2. Francois Louvat (Touvais, 1861): deep crimson, shaded with lilac, very large and fine cupped form ; a superb Rose ; vig. Garden Favourite (W. Paul & Son, 1884): bright pink, large and full; fine decorative Rose, producing large quantities of flowers ; vig. Géant des Batailles (Nerard, 1846): brilliant crimson, large, full and very sweet ; a well-known old Rose ; sod. 95 General Jacqueminot (Roussel, 1853): brilliant scarlet-crimson, most superb glowing colour, and a most abundant bloomer ; a fine bedding Rose ; mod. George Baker (Paul & Son, 1881): a pure lake shaded with cerise, good form ; mod. Georges Moreau (Moreau-Robert, 1881): very bright shaded red, very large, opening well, globulous ; 7. Gloire de Bourg la Reine (Margottin pére, 1879): fine brillant scarlet-red and crimson, flower large and full; a superb Rose ; vig. Gloire de Ducher (Ducher, 1865): reddish purple, very large, full, and vigorous ; v7. Gloire de Rosomene (Vibert): brilliant crimson, semi-double ; ob. Gloire Lyonnaise (Guillot, 1885): very pale yellow, petals edged pure white, large and full, very vigorous; the first yellow Hybrid Perpetual yet raised ; viy. Gloire de Margottin (Margottin, 1888): rosy cerise colour, large, semi-double, beautiful in the bud; a good new Rose ; vy. Glory of Cheshunt (W. Paul & Son, 1880): this is a seedling from Charles Lefebvre, with flowers of a rich shaded crimson, very bright and vivid ; vig. Glory of Waltham (Vigneron, 1865): crimson, double, very sweet ; a good climbing Rose ; vq. Grand Mogul (W. Paul & Son, 1887): deep brilliant crimson shaded with scarlet and black, sometimes approaching maroon, large, full, and of perfect form ; a good new Rose ; vy. Grandeur of Cheshunt (Paul & Son, 1883): light crimson shaded with rose, peculiarly distinct, large flowers ; vig. Harrison Weir (Turner, 1879): beautiful rich velvety crimson, enlivened with scarlet, flowers large, full, very smooth ; viy. Helene Paul (Lacharme, 1882): very fine white, sometimes shaded with rose, very large, of globular form; vg. Henrich Schultheis (Bennett, 1882): delicate pinkish rose colour, large, full, and sweet; a fine Rose ; vy. Henry Bennett (Lacharme, 1875): intense violet-crimson, colour very rich, flowers cupped, good even petals, but not sufficiently full; vig. Henry Ledechaux (Ledechaux, 1868): clear cherry-red, large and globular ; mod. 96 Her Majesty (Bennett, 1886): clear bright satiny rose, very large and full, finely formed petals, and handsome foliage ; rob. Hyppolyte Flandrin (Damazin, 1865): rosy pink, colour glossy and good, petals large, smooth and firm, flowers very large aud imbricated ; mod. Hyppoliyte Jamain (Lacharme, 1874): fine bright rose shaded with carmine, very large and full, flowers very even and well- formed: a fine Rose ; vig. Horace Vernet (Guillot fils, 1866): rich brilliant velvety crimson, petals large and smooth, flowers large, full, and of a most perfectly imbricated form ; a truly superb Rose ; mod. Inigo Jones (W. Paul & Son, !886): flowers dark rose colour shaded with purple, large, full, and globular, of perfect form, free, and hardy ; a fine dark Rose ; vig. Jeaw Cherpin (Liabaud, 1865): rich violet-plum, a superb colour, petals smooth and well formed, and the flowers cupped ; mod. Jean Goujon (Margottin, 1862): dark rose colour, large, full, and cupped ; vig. Jean Liabaud (Liabaud, 1875): fiery crimson, centre rich velvety crimson, flowers large, double and well formed ; one of the finest dark Roses ; vig. Jean Soupert (Lacharme, 1875): plum-purple, almost black, flowers good size and evenly formed ; mod. Jeanne Sury (Fauden, 1868) : bright claret and crimson; a large handsome Rose ; mod. John Bright (Paul & Son, 1878): pure glowing crimson, very bright ; effective and good ; vig. John Hopper (Ward, 1862): centre brilliant rosy crimson, the outer petals lilac-rose, flowers cupped, full and well formed ; a first- class Rose ; vig. John Stuart Mill (Turner, 1874): bright clear red, large, full and beautiful form, fine shell-like petal of good substance ; a good Rose ; vig. Jules Chretien (Schwartz, 1877): bright crimson-red, shaded with purple, very large, full and well formed ; a superb Rose; wig. Jules Margottin (Margottin, 1853): brilliant glossy pink, a glowing flesh colour, flowers large ; a beautiful old variety ; vzg. Julius Finger (Lacharme, 1879): pure white, lightly tinted with rose at the end of the season, large, full and perfect form ; vig. ot Julia Touvais (Touvais, 1868): soft pink, with silvery rose tint, large, full and distinct; wiz. Kings Acre (Cranston, 1864): bright vermilion-rose, flowers of extra large size, globular ; a fine Rose for forcing ; mod. La Duchesse de Morny (E. Verdier, 1863): bright pleasing rose, flowers large, full, and beautifully formed, having petals of good substance ; vig. Lady of the Lake (W. Paul & Son): peach colour, large, full and of fine globular form ; good and distinct, and very hardy ; vig. Lady Sheffield (W. Paul & Son, 1881): brilliant rosy cerise, large and full 5 wiv. La France (Guillot fils, 1867): satin-pink, outer petals pale flesh, flowers large and globular; partakes somewhat of the China Rose ; very fragrant, distinct and beautiful ; vig. La Reine (Laffay, 1843): brilliant glossy red, large and full; mod. La Rosiere (Damaizin, 1874): amaranth, large and full, some- what resembling Prince Camille de Rohan ; a superb Rose ; mov/. La Ville de St. Denis (Thomas): rosy carmine, flowers as large as those of La Reine, and exquisitely formed ; mov/. Lilia (Crozy, 1857): satin-rose ; a noble Rose with fine large smooth petals, and of exquisite form ; vg. LT’ Esperance (Fontaine, 1871): rosy cerise, colour clear and satiny, flowers large, well formed and double, highly scented ; maov/. Le Havre (Eude, 1870) : brilliant vermilion, flowers smooth and well formed ; a fine Rose ; viv. Le Rhone (Guillot fils, 1862): rich scarlet-crimson, medium, full ; very fragrant and vigorous ; v7. Lecocq-Dumesnil (E. Verdier fil, 1883): dazzling red, strongly marbled and tinted with brown, crimson and violet ; flowers extra large, full and perfectly imbricated ; vig. Longfellow (Paul & Son, 1885): rich violet-crimson, fine ; in the way of Charles Lefebvre, but more violet in colour; vig. Lord Bacon (W. Paul & Son, 1885): deep crimson, shaded velvety black, large and full ; vey. Lord Beacunsjield (Bennett, 1878): blackish crimson, very fine large bold globular flower, of good habit ; mov. Lord Clyde (W. Paul & Son, 1863): crimson and purple, deeply shaded, large and full ; viv. 98 Lord Frederick Cavendish (Frettingham, 1883): bright scarlet, large, full and globular ; a beautiful Rose ; vig. Lord Macaulay (W. Paul & Son, 1863): rich dark velvety crimson, colour dense and glowing, flowers large, double and well formed ; a superb Rose ; rob. Lord Raglan (Guillot pére, 1854): deep crimson, changing to mottled crimson, large and superb ; mod. Louise Peyronny (Lacharme, 1844): rose-pink colour, immense size and double; vig. Louis Van Houtte (Lacharme, 1869): deep red-amaranth shaded with dark claret, good and distinct, flowers cupped and well formed ; a fine distinct Rose, and very fragrant ; superb ; mod. Mabel Morrison (Broughton, 1878): a sport of Baroness Roths- child, pare white, not sufficiently double ; vig. Madame Alexandria Jullien (Vigneron, 1883): fine delicate fresh rose, large and full, beautiful elongated bud ; vig. Ma Surprise (A. Levet, 1884): bright scarlet, sometimes violet, not always perpetual ; a seedling from Eugene Appert ; mod. Madame Alice Dureau (Vigneron, 1869): clear rose colour, large and full, sweetly scented ; mod. Madame Appoline Foulon (Vigneron, 1883): fine light salmon, shaded with lilac, flowers large and full ; vig. Madame Bellenden Ker (Guillot pere, 1866): white, in the way of Malle. Bonnaire, large and full; a desirable white Rose ; vig. Madame Bellon (Pernet, 1871): brilliant cerise, flowers very large, well formed and full; a very fine Rose ; mod. Madame Boutin (Jamain, 1861): cerise, a beautiful clear colour, flowers very large and full, petals broad and even ; vig. Madame Bertha Mackart (E. Verdier, 1884): deep rose, reverse of petals silvery, flowers extra large, cup-shaped and somewhat globular; vigorous in growth, described as thoroughly perpetual ; vig. Madame Caillat (E. Verdier, 1861): clear brilliant rose, flowers large and full, petals broad and even; a first-rate Rose, and quite distinct 5 vig. Madame Charles Crapelet (Fontaine, 1859): rosy scarlet, large smooth petals, flowers beautifully formed ; a superb Rose ; vig. Madame Charles Wood (E. Verdier, 1861): beautiful clear rosy crimson, petals large and of good substance, flowers very large, expanded, full and well formed ; vig. 99 Madame Clemence Joigneaux (Liabaud, 1861): brilliant rosy earmine, flowers very large, deep and very full, fine stout petals; a superb Rose 3 vig. Madame Ducher (Levet, 1879): bright carmine, very large, flowers evenly and well formed ; a superb Rose ; mod. Madame Eugene Verdier (E. Verdier, 1878): light silvery rose, clear and good, of large fine-petalled globular shape ; rob. Madame F. Bruel (Levet, 1882): carmine-rose, large and full; a seedling from Comtesse d’ Oxford ; mod. Madame Ferdinand Jamain (Ledechaux, 1875): rosy claret, deep petals, large and bold flower; distinct and good, very fragrant ; vig. Madame Fillion (Gonod, 1865): fresh rosy pink, flowers large, full, and of good form ; very fragrant ; vig. Madame Frangois Pettit (Lacharme, 1877): beautiful white, form globular; vig. Madame Furtado (V. Verdier, 1860): brilliant carmine-rose, colour fresh and beautiful, flowers globular, of great depth and fine outline, highly scented, delicate habit ; mod. Madame Gabriel Luizet (Liabaud, 1877): fine satin-rose, a very delicate and beautiful tint, large, full and well formed ; a distinct and very beautiful Rose, very sweet ; vig. Madame Georges Schwartz (Schwartz, 1871): glossy rose with soft lavender shade, flowers large, full and cupped; a fine deep flower and a superb Rose ; wig. Madame Hippolyte Jamain (Garcon, 1871): white, slightly tinged with rose ; extra large, and a very fine show flower ; mod. Madame John Twombly (Schwartz, 1882): deep currant-red, large, full and well formed ; in the way of Alfred Colomb ; viy. Madame Julie Daran (Touvais, 1861): violet-crimson, fowers cupped, beautiful form, large smooth petals, of good quality ; viv. Madame la Marquise @Hervey (Vigneron, 1877): violet-red shaded with bluish slate, large and full; this is the nearest approach to a blue Rose ; wig. Madame Lacharme (Lacharme, 1873): white, centre the palest blush, cupped, exquisitely formed and highly scented ; a beautiful white Rose ; vig. Madame Laurent (Granger, 1869): bright rose, fine large globular flower, handsome and distinct ; mod, 100. Madame Marie Finger (Rambaux, 1873): flesh, centre deep salmon-pink, well formed; a fine and distinct Rose, very free blooming ; viy. Madame Marie Lagrange (Lagrange, 1883): brilliant carmine, large, almost full ; mod. Madame Melaine Vigneron (Vigneron, 1883): beautiful lilac- rose, edge of petals silvery, flowers large and very full ; mod. Madame Moreau (Gonod, 1864): bright red, shaded violet, very large and full ; vob. Madame Montet (Liabaud, 1880): very soft rose, large, almost full, very fine ; vg. Madame Nachury (Damaizin, 1873): fine satin-like rose, with a soft lavender shade; a new colour, flowers large, full and cupped, distinct and well formed ; vy. Madame Noman (Guillot pere, 1867): pure white with peach centre, exquisite form ; one of the best hght Roses ; mod. Madame Norman Neruda (Paul & Son, 1885): light cherry- carmine, medium size and perfect form ; wiv. Madame Olympe Terestchenko (Leveque, 1883): rosy white or carmined rose, large, full and well formed ; vv. Madame Oswald de Kerchove (Schwartz, 1879): white, shaded pink, centre tinted coppery yellow, medium size, full and very sweet ; a splendid button-hole Rose ; vy. Madame Prosper Laugier (i. Verdier, 1875): bright rose colour, shaded fiery red, very large, full and fragrant; a good Rose 3 wiv. Madame Rambaux (Rambaux, 1883): beautiful rosy carmine, very large and full; vy. Madame Sophie Fropot (Levet, 1876): pale satin-rose, broad smooth even petals, flowers cupped; a beautiful and distinct Rose ; viy. Madame Thevenot (Jamain, 1869): bright lively red, flowers very large, full and globular ; very sweet ; mod. Madame Veuve Alerandre Pommery (Leveque, 1883): pink-rose, shaded with bright rose, very large and full ; mod. Madame Victor Verdier (K, Verdier, 1863): brilliant rosy erim- son, colour very beautiful, flowers large and well formed; a distinct and beautiful Rose ; viv. Madame Vidot (Verdier, 1853): palest flesh, most beautifully formed ; a most perfect Rose ; mod. 101 Malle. Bonnaire (Pernet, 1859): pure white, centre beautifully shaded with clear flesh, flowers of medium size and well formed ; a very beautiful free-blooming Rose ; mod. Malle. Catherine Soupert (Lacharme, 1879): white, bordered and shaded with rose, large, full, of perfect form ; a fine Rose ; wig. Malle. Eugénie Verdier (Guillot fils, 1869): centre clear satin- pink, outer petals pale satin, colour clear and beautiful, flowers large, full and cupped; a superb Rose ; vq. Malle. Julia Dymonier (Gonod, 1879); pink, changing to blush, flowers compact, beautifully and evenly formed, large and full; an improved Marie Cointet; mod. Malle. Marie Cointet (Guillot fils, 1872): bright satin-pink, outer petals paler, glossy thick petals; a very beautiful and distinct Rose ; mod. Mdlle. Marie Digat (Levet, 1883): fine crimson-red, large and globulous ; a free bloomer; vig. Mille. Marie Rady (Fontaine, 1865): brilliant red, flowers large, very full and beautifully imbricated; one of the most perfect ; wg. Mille. Marie Verdier (E. Verdier, 1875): bright rose, good cupped form ; a beautiful Rose ; vey. Malle. Marguerite Dombrain (E. Verdier, 1865): satiny rose colour, very large, full and globular ; vq. Madlle. Marguerite Manoin (Fontaine, 1879): deep carmine-rose, beautiful fresh colour, very large and full; a fine Rose ; wg. Malle. Therese Levet (Levet, 1866): brilliant rose colour, large, full and globular; one of the best ; wig. Magna Charta (W. Paul & Son, 1876): flowers bright pink, suffused with carmine, very large and full, and of good form ; wg. Marchioness of Exeter (Laxton, 1877): bright rose flushed with carmine, a large cup-shaped and well-built flower; good habit and distinct 3 wy. Marechal Vaillant (Jamain, 1861): rosy crimson, colour bright, tlowers large, double and well formed ; a fine Rose ; wig. Marguerite Brassac (Brassac, 1875); dark velvety crimson, similar to Charles Lefebvre, very smooth and even in form ; vg. Marguerite de Roman (Schwartz, 1883): pink-white, flesh-rose in the centre ; very large and well formed ; wg. Marguerite de St. Amand (Sansal, 1864): glossy satin-rose, a 102 beautiful flesh colour, flowers extra large, globular and well formed ; a good distinct Rose; vig. Marie Baumann (Baumann, 1863): rich carmine-crimson, flowers large and of exquisite colour, perfectly formed ; one of the best Roses ; wig. Marie Louise Pernet (Pernet, 1876): deep rosy red, a fine large globular flower and well formed; a very good and distinct Rose ; vig. Marshall P. Wilder (Ellwanger & Barry, 1885); cherry-carmine, large semi-double, full and well formed; an American variety, recommended for its vigour, hardiness, and freedom in blooming : mg. Mary Bennett (Bennett, 1884): very brilliant rosy-cerise, large, full and of fine form; a good Rose ; mod. Mary Pochin (Pochin, 1881): rich velvety crimson, flowers moderate size, petals broad, smooth and evenly disposed ; a striking and beautiful Rose ; vig. Marquise de Castellane (Pernet, 1869): deep cerise, colour clear and good, flowers large, circular, and perfect; one of the finest; rob. Marquise de Gibot (De Sansal, 1868): clear rose colour, large, full and of fine form ; a good Rose ; vig. Marquise de Mortemart (Liabaud, 1868): blush-white, centre pale flesh, beautiful, rather delicate ; mod. Marquis of Salisbury (Paul & Son, 1879): deep rose colour, shaded crimson, large, globular, full and imbricated ; vig. Masterpiece (W. Paul & Son, 1880): bright rosy crimson ; the flowers are very large, full and of perfect globular shape ; habit good, and foliage fine ; vig. Maurice Bernardin (Granger, 1861): rich crimson shaded with violet, colour superb, flowers very large and double; a splendid Rose; vq. May Quennell (Postans, 1878): brilliant magenta-carmine shaded with crimson, very large and full, and of perfect globular form; mod. Merveille de Lyon (Pernet, 1883): fine pure exquisite white, slightly rosy, finely cupped and opening freely, very large, 4 to 5 inches in diameter; is a seedling from Baroness Rothschild, with the same habit, but larger. This superb variety has been awarded several first prizes, and is undoubtedly the best light Hybrid Perpetual Rose ever raised ; v7. 103 Miss Hassard (Turner, 1875): beautiful delicate flesh colour, large, full and fine form, very sweet ; a free autumnal bloomer ; vy. Monsieur Alfred Dumesnil (Margottin fils) : deep rose, bright centre, flowers globular, large, well formed; distinct and very sweet 5 vii. Monsieur Benoit Comte (Schwartz, 1884): brilliant scarlet-red, shaded with vermilion inside, large, full, globulus and cupped; viv. Monsieur Boncenne (Liabaud, 1864): intensely rich plum, superb, flowers well formed ; one of the best dark Roses; vig. Monsieur Etienne Levet (Levet, 1871): carmine-red, with a soft velvety lavender shade, flowers very large and full, petals exqui- sitely smooth and shell-shaped ; superb; vig. Monsieur Eugene Delaire (Vigneron, 1879): velvety, lighted with fire-red, large, full; extra; vig. Monsieur E. Y. Teas (Eugene Verdier fils, 1874): deep red, large, full and of the most perfect form; one of the best Roses grown, and very fragrant; vi. Monsieur Fillion (Gonod, 1876): fine rose, striking colour; a large, full and well formed flower ; viv. Monsieur Francois Michelon (Levet, 1871): fine deep rose, reverse of petals silvery white, large and full; very beautiful; v7. Monsieur Francisque Rives (Schwartz, 1884) : bright cherry-red, very large and full, well formed ; mod. Monsieur Gabriel Tournier (Levet, 1876) : rosy crimson, flowers extra large, fine large petals, globular flower ; a distinct and good Rose ; vig. Monsieur Noman (Guillot pere, 1867): delicate rosy pink, flowers large, deep, and of fine globular form ; a superb Rose ; vig. Monsiewr Thouvenel (Vigneron, 1880): velvety red, large and full; vig. Mrs. Baker (Laxton, 1876): beautiful shaded crimson, large, full and well formed ; very beautiful ; vig. Mrs. Caroline Swailes (G. Swailes, 1885): beautiful light flesh colour, very bright and clear, the petals broad and of good sub- stance. The growth is strong and vigorous, and it is a true Hybrid Perpetual, one of the first to bloom in summer, and the flowers are produced abundantly till late in the autumn ; vy. Mrs. George Dickson (Bennett, 1884): bright satiny pink, flowers large, not too full, opening freely ; vig. 104 Mrs. Harry Turner (Turner, 1880): colour intense crimson- scarlet, with rich maroon shading, flowers large, beautifully imbri- cated, foliage dark and handsome ; somewhat resembling Charles Lefebvre ; vig. Mrs. Jowitt (Cranston): brilliant glowing crimson, shaded with lake, flowers very large and globular; a bold well-built flower of grand form and substance; habit robust; flowers very fragrant ; one of the best English Roses ever raised. Four First Class Certificates ; vig. Mrs. John Laing (Bennett, 1886): soft pink in colour, in the way of Madame Gabriel Luizet ; the flowers are large, finely shaped and very fragrant; a constant and abundant bloomer ; vg. Mrs. Laxton (Thos. Laxton, 1877): bright rosy crimson, large and perfect, as perfect as a Ranunculus; a first-class Rose ; mod. Mrs. Rivers (Guillot pére, 1850): pale flesh, nearly white, petals beautifully formed, cupped, large and full ; good habit ; vig. Nardy Freres (Ducher, 1865): rose, shaded soft lavender, flowers very large, full and well formed; a very distinct and first-rate Rose ; vig. Olivier Delhomme (V. Verdier, 1861): brilliant rosy carmine, flowers well formed, of good depth and high centre ; wg. Orgueil de Lyon (Besson, 1886): dark velvety crimson, shaded with vermilion, medium size and full ; vig. Oxonian (Turner, 1876): shaded rose, large and full, fine globular form ; a good exhibition Rose ; vig. Paul Neron (Levet, 1869): rose colour, very large; fine form and habit; vig. Paul’s Single Crimson Perpetual (W. Paul & Son, 1883) : large single crimson flowers, with yellow stamens ; wy. Paul’s Single White Perpetual (W. Paul & Son, 1883): pure white, single flowers, with yellow stamens in centre ; distinct, wg. Paul Verdier (C. Verdier, 1866): rich rosy crimson, flowers large, double, and of fine imbricated form ; a fine pillar or wall Rose ; vig. Peach Blossom (W. Paul & Son, 1874): delicate peach, a new and beautiful colour, large, full and fine shape ; wy. Pierre Notting (Portemar, 1863): deep velvety shaded crimson, globular, beautifully formed flower ; fine and distinct ; vg. 105 Pitord (Lacharme, 1867): crimson-scarlet, with dark plum shade ; a really good Rose ; mod. Préfet Limbourg (Margottin fils, 1878): crimson tinged with violet, double or full ; a Rose of fine colour 3 vz. President Willermoz (Ducher, 1867): rich brilliant carmine, with a very soft and pleasing violet tint; flowers of moderate size, double and well formed ; vi. Pride of Reigate (Brown, 1885): crimson, striped with white ; a sport from Countess of Oxford ; vig. Pride of Waltham (W. Paul & Son, 1881): delicate flesh colour, superb ; vig. Prince Arthur (B, R. Cant, 1875): very rich crimson, shaded deeper colour ; a dark form of General Jacqueminot ; distinct and good ; vig. Prince Camille de Rohan (E. Verdier, 1861): rich dark maroon- erimson, flowers moderate size, double; one of the finest dark Roses ; vig. Princess Beatrice (W. Paul & Son, 1872): foliage large, bright and handsome ; flowers deep pink, with clear blush margin, large, full and globular form ; vig. Princess Mary of Cambridge (Paul & Son, 1866): pale silvery pink, flowers large, full and high in the centre; beautiful and desirable Rose ; vig. Princess of Wales (Wm. Paul & Son, 1864): vivid crimson cupped, large and very double; free, hardy and of good habit vid. Prosper Laugier (E. Verdier, 1884): very bright scarlet-carmine, large, full and very vigorous ; vig. Queen Eleanor (W. Paul & Son, 1876): pure pink, cupped, large and full, very fragrant ; vig. Queen of Queens (W. Paul & Son, 1883): pink with blush edges, large, full, and of perfect form; vig. Queen of Waltham (W. Paul & Son, 1875): beautiful rose- cherry, a very distinct and lovely colour; large, full and double ; vig. Queen Victoria (Fontaine, 1850): flesh shaded with pink, very large, full and beautiful ; vig. R. C. Sutton (Frettingham, 1882): deep rose colour, reverse of petals white, sweetly scented ; mod. 106 Red Dragon (W. Paul & Son, 1878): a hybrid climbing Rose, colour brilliant crimson, very bright and striking ; rob. Red Gauntlet (Postans, 1881): bright scarlety crimson ; vy. Reine Blanche (Damaizin, 1868): pearly white, centre palish flesh, flowers large, full and cupped ; mod. Reine du Midi (Rolland, 1867): fine satin-pink, flowers large and of a fine globular form ; a fine Rose ; rob. Rev. J. B. M. Camm (Turner, 1875): rosy pink colow, large, full and globular ; very sweet; vig. Reynolds Hole (Paul & Son, 1873): maroon shaded with crimson, flowers of good size, perfectly formed ; a fine Rose of new and. distinct colour ; vig. Richard Laxton (Laxton, 1878): colour reddish crimson, large, full and cupped ; beautiful shell-like petal and a fine Rose ; wig. Robert Marnock (Paul & Son, 1878): rich brownish crimson, flowers large, imbricated and well formed ; mod. Rosieriste Jacobs (Ducher, 1880): fine velvety red, shaded with black, large, full, well formed, globulous ; extra fine ; v7. Rosy Morn (W. Paul & Son, 1878): delicate peach colour, richly shaded with salmon-rose, large and full ; vig. Royal Standard (Turner, 1874): beautiful soft satiny rose, large, very full and exquisitely formed ; vig. St. George (W. Paul & Son, 1874): crimson, shaded with black- purple, large and full ; viv. Secretaire J. Nicolas (Schwartz, 1884): dark purple velvety red, large, full, well formed and globulous ; vq. Senateur Vaisse (Guillot pere, 1859): intense glowing scarlet, fine thick petals, flowers perfectly full, large, exquisitely formed and highly fragrant ; a superb Rose ; vig. Silver Queen (W. Paul & Son, 1887): deep brilliant crimson, shaded with scarlet and black, large, full and of perfect form 3 vig. Sultan of Zanzibar (Paul & Son, 1876): blackish maroon, shaded with crimson, flowers globular; moc. The Puritan (Evans, 1887): flowers white, equal in size to Merveille de Lyon; very free bloomer and sweetly scented ; vig. Thomas Mills (EK. Verdier, 1873) : flowers extra large, full and of fine cup shape ; colour dazzling bright rosy carmine with whitish stripes ; a very free bloomer ; wig. 107 _ Ulrich Brunner Fils (Levet, 1882); carmined rose, very large ; a seedling from Paul Neron; vig Vicomte de Vigier (V. Verdier, 1861): intensely rich velvety crimson and lilac, colour superb, large petals; a well-formed elobular flower, distinct ; vg. Victor Verdier (Lacharme, 1859): deep rose, centre brilliant rose ; a charming colour, flowers very large and full; an excellent Rose ; vig. Ville de Lyon (Ducher, 1866): dark rose colour, large, full, and globular ; mod. Violette Bouyer (Lacharme, 1881): white, shaded with pink, large, full, fine form ; vg. White Baroness (Paul & Son, 1882): pure white, large and full; vig. Xavier Olibo : rich velvety crimson, colour superb, distinct and very beautiful ; mod. THE BOURBON ROSE. (Rosa Bourboniana.) The Bourbon Rose, a native of the Isle of Bour- bon, was introduced into this country about the year 1825. These Roses are distinguishable by their large handsome shining foliage and profusion of bloom throughout the autumn. Although they flower early as well as late (with few exceptions), it is rarely that blooms of the natural size, or with characteristic colours, are produced until the cool of autumnal weather sets in, when for brilliancy and tone of colour they are unsurpassed. Many of the varieties are of moderate growth; others vigorous and robust, forming the best pillar =I 108 Roses, and having fine handsome foliage and vigor- ous growth, they are well adapted for walls. The varieties designated as vigorous and_ robust, are the only suitable kinds for growing as stand- ards; those of moderate growth should not be grown higher than half-standards, and many are better even as dwarf standards. Acidalie (Rousseau, 1838): white, in dry weather beautifully tinted ; a fine wall Rose ; 9. Apolline (V. Verdier, 1848): flowers light pink; a beautiful Rose, and a good creeper, pillar, or wall Rose ; vig. Baronne de Notrmont (Granger): fresh rosy pink, petals of good substance, flowers large, full and beautifully formed, possessing a delicious violet scent ; mod. Baron Gonella (Guillot, 1859): bright cerise, with fine bronze hue, petals large, smooth and thick; a fine Rose 3 wig. Catherine Guillot (Guillot, 1860): carmine-rose, flowers large and full; a superb Rose ; 29. Jules Jurgensen (Schwartz, 1879): rose-magenta, velvety carmine with slaty reflex in the interior, large, full, well formed : wig. Louis Odier (Margottin, 1861): rosy pink, full and finely formed ; a good growing and beautiful Rose ; wig. Louise Margottin (Margottin, 1862): satin-rose, large, full and well formed ; mod. Madame de Sevigne (Moreau-Robert, 1874): very bright rose in the centre, border of the petals lighter, large and full growth; blooms in clusters ; vig. Madame Scipion (Cochet, 1871): very bright rose, large, cupped and finely formed ; a fine pillar or wall Rose ; vig. Malmaison Rouge (Gonod, 1880): deep velvety red; a sport from Souvenir de la Malmaison; valuable ; vig. Michael Bonnet (Guillot pere, 1864): fresh rose, flowers full and well formed ; a fine Rose ; wig. Modele de Perfection (Guillot fils, 1861): pale satin-pink, fading off to a beautiful carmine tint ; mod. Queen (Manger, 1834): fawn and rose; a desirable kind, bloom- ing freely throughout the season ; mod. | eee rn LT 109 Queen of Bedders (Noble, 1876): a remarkably free-flowering deep crimson Rose, producing large clusters of buds ; mod. Reine Victoria (Labruyere, 1872): soft rose ; a pretty Rose of good climbing habit ; wig. Sir Joseph Paxton (Laffay, 1852): bright rose; a free-blooming handsome kind for pillars ; vzq. Souvenir de la Malmaison (Beluze, 1843): blush, centre flesh, fine foliage and habit ; one of the finest Roses grown: wig. THE CHINA ROSE (Rosa indica.) The China Rose, or Rosa indica, is a native of China, and was introduced into this country about the year 1789; from this and the old crimson variety have sprung all the members of this family. They are most abundant autumnal-blooming Roses. Some are most brilliant and attractive in colour, others are of the purest white. Few of the kinds are suited for standards, though most of them succeed well when budded upon low stocks. For small beds grown upon their own roots they are well suited, and produce an abundance of flowers through- out the autumn. Perhaps the greatest objection to the China Roses is their having little or no scent. They succeed best in warm dry soil, with a mode- rate dressing of well-decayed manure and leaf-mould once a year. Archduke Charles (Laffay) : rose, changing to rich crimson, very large, full, and fine ; mod. Cels Multiflore (Cels, 1838): pale flesh, large and full; mod. Cramoisie Superieure (Plantier, 1834): rich velvety crimson, beautiful, full ; vg. 110 Ducher (Ducher, 1869): white, medium size, fine form, *full, free flowering ; promising as a free and continuous white bedding Rose ; mod. Eugene Beauharnais (Moreau, 1865): amaranth, superb, large and full; mod. Fabvier (Laffay) : brilliant scarlet, dazzling, semi-double ; mod. Marjolin: vich dark crimson, flowers large and full ; mod. Mrs. Bosanquet (Laffay, 1832): pale flesh, delicate and waxy in appearance, very free blooming and beautiful ; a vigorous grower and makes a good standard 3 wig. Old Blush: The type of the China Rose, still considered a useful Rose for borders, also a good wall Rose ; vig. Old Crimson: brilliant crimson, introduced soon after the pre- ceding : from these two varieties have sprung all our Chinese Roses ; mod. Prince Charles: bright cherry, very double ; mod. Viridiflora (The Green Rose) : petals are completely green, more curious than pretty ; mod, THE MINIATURE CHINA ROSE. (Rosa Lawrenceana ) The Miniature China or Fairy Rose is supposed to be a distinct species introduced from China in 1810. These Roses are of the dwarfest habit possible, growing only a few inches in height, and yet loaded with beautiful flowers of the smallest size. They may truly be called Roses in miniature. There are some fifteen or sixteen varieties, but the most popular and generally cultivated is the Fairy ; flowers rosy pink. If they are planted out, they should have a warm light dry soil, but they seem to be best suited for pot culture. 111 THE TEA-SCENTED ROSE. (Rose indica odorata.) The Rosa odorata, one of the most tender, one of the most fragrant of all Roses, was introduced from China in 1810; this, and the old yellow Tea-scented tose, introduced in 1824, became the parents of all the beautiful varieties in this class. The whole tribe are more or less tender, though many of the varieties possess greater vigour and a more hardy constitution than the parent plants, These Roses (excepting in the north and colder parts of England) may be grown successfully as low standards, and no Roses are more beautiful, or produce blooms in greater profusion throughout August and September ; for beds upon their own roots they are alike suitable, and very beautiful. In conservatories they grow and bloom in such perfec- tion, and with so little trouble, that here they may be considered to be quite at home. For pot culture, too, they are perhaps the finest of all Roses. Direc- tions for preparing beds for the Tea-scented Roses, protecting, &c., will be found from pages 24 to 39. Abricoté (F. Dupuis): pale fawn, with deeper centre ; an excel- lent hardy free Rose ; mod. Adam (Adam, 1833): flesh, centre salmon and fawn, moderately hardy and beautiful ; mod. Adrienne Christophle (Guillot fils, 1868): yellow centre, and apricot shaded with rosy peach ; sometimes deep yellow ; highly fragrant ; vig. Alba rosea (Guillot pére, 1848): white, tinted with rose, distinct and beautiful ; vig. Aline Sisley (Guillot fils, 1874) : varying from deep purple-rose to shaded violet-red, medium size or large ; scent most delicious ; vy. 112 Amazone (Ducher, 1872) : deep lemon-yellow, buds lon for cutting ; mod. Anna Olivier (Ducher, 1872): flesh and buff, shaded with rose, flowers tolerably large, smooth and beautiful ; vig. Beaute de ? Europe (Gonod, 1882) : deep yellow, with reverse of petals coppered, very large and full, extra fine form 3 Gloire de Dijon type ; vig. Belle Fleur d’ Anjou (Touvais, 1872): light flesh colour, shaded, large, globular, and double ; somewhat like Souvenir d’un Ami; vig. Belle Lyonnaise (Levet, 1869): deep canary-yellow, flowers globular, large and full; a fine wall or pillar Rose ; vig. Bougere (Bougere, 1832): very large, full and hardy ; vig. Catherine Mermet (Guillot fils, 1869): bright flesh-coloured rose, large, full, and finely formed ; a superb Rose; vig. Charles de Legrady (Pernet, 1885): carmine-red, changing to rosy crimson, edges of petals silvery, large and full ; vig. Chateau des Bergeries (V. Ledechaux, 1887): pale canary colour, dleeper in the centre, large, very full and globular, fine in the bud ; a good new Rose ; vig. Climbing Devoniensis (Pavitt, 1858): like the Devoniensis, but more vigorous in the habit ; forms a fine climbing Rose ; vig. Clotilde (Rolland, 1867): creamy white, centre bright salmon- pink, flowers of moderate size and full ; mod. Comte de Paris (Hardy, 1839): pale flesh, very large and full ; a moderately hardy and superb Rose ; vig. Comte de Sembui (Neauve Ducher, 1874): salmon-rose, reverse of petals silvery, large, full and well formed ; growth very vigorous, very distinct and good ; wig. Comtesse de Frigneuse (Guillot, 1886): canary-yellow, striking colour, large and full ; mod. Comtesse de Nadaillac (Guillot fils, 1871): orange and copper, centre salmon colour, fine deep petals and handsome bud, highly fragrant ; a superb Rose 3 wig. Comtesse Horace de Choiseul (Leveque, 1886): pale rose colour, shaded with coppery yellow, large, full and tinely formed ; vig. Comtesse Ouvarof (Margottin, 1860): delicate cream, suffused with pink, petals of good substance ; mod. Comtesse Riza du Parc (Schwartz, 1876): metallic rose, changing to pink, flowers large and well formed ; distinct ; mod. g, useful 113 David Pradel (Pradel, 1851): pale rose and lavender, mottled ; a peculiar flower, distinct and pretty ; mod. Devoniensis (Foster, 1838): creamy white, centre sometimes blush ; a most superb and deliciously-scented Rose ; mod. Due de Magenta (Margottin, 1859): pale flesh, delicately tinted with fawn, petals large and of fine waxy substance, flowers large ; mod, Duchesse de Bragance (Dubreuil, 1887): bright canary-yellow, edges paler, very full and opens well ; viv. Duchess of Edinburgh (Nabounand, 1874) : deep glowing crimson, very free flowering ; distinct and very beautiful ; mod. Edouard Gautier (Pernet, 1884): yellowish, with rose reflex, large, full, globulous, well formed; a seedling from Devoniensis ; mod. tendard de Jeanne @Are (F. Margottin fils, 1884): beautiful cream-white changing to the purest white, flower very large, full, always opening well, much in the form of Glotre de Dijon, as also in the foliage ; growth very vigorous; extra; a seedling from Gloire de Dijon ; vig. Etoile de Lyon (Guillot, 1882): fine striking sulphur-yellow, deeper in the centre, very large, full, and very fine form ; one of the best yellow Roses ever raised ; v7. Exadelphé (Nabonnand, 1886): yellow, large and full, very sweetly scented ; a splendid new Rose ; vii. Fiancialles de la Princess Stephanie (Levet): salmon-orange yellow, medium size ; a seedling from Gloire de Dijon ; mod. Gloire de Dijon (Jacotot, 1853): buff, with orange centre, very large and double, handsome foliage and vigorous free-blooming- habit ; the most useful of all the Tea-scented Roses ; vig. Goubault (Goubault, 1843): salmon-pink, highly fragrant, most beautiful in the bud ; mod. Grace Darling (Bennett, 1884) : creamy white, tinted and shaded with peach-colour, distinct, large and full, opening well ; vig. Homere (Robert, 1859) : blush, with deeper centre, very free and hardy ; beautiful in the bud; wig. Hon. Edith Gifford (Guillot, 1883): blush-white, base of petals slightly yellow, centre rosy salmon changing to white ; a large, full, and finely shaped Rose ; vig. Innocente Pirola (Ducher, 1878): very light fawn, changing to 114 white ; a charmingly formed flower of medium size; beautiful in bud ; wig. Isabella Sprunt (Sprunt, 1866): orange-yellow, fine buds for bouquets ; vig. Jaune @ Or (Oger, 1863): fine golden yellow, flowers full and globular, medium size, beautiful ; mod. Jeanne Abel (Guillot, 1883), pink-white, yellowish in the centre, of medium size, full, and well-formed ; a free bloomer ; vig. Jean Ducher (Ducher, 1874): salmon-yellow, shaded with rose- peach in the centre, large, full, and globular, growth very vigorous ; distinet and superb ; vig. Jean Pernet (Pernet, 1867): light orange-yellow, outer petals paler, flowers of moderate size and double ; wg. Jules Finger (Ducher, 1879): bright red, passing to clear red, shaded outside of flower, large, full, and fine form ; wig. La Boule? Or (Margottin, 1860), outer petals pale yellow, centre rich nankeen-yellow, flowers globular and very large, with fine broad smooth petals ; mod, La Sylphide (Laffay): outer petals cream, tinted with pale carmine, centre fawn ; large, full, and well formed, highly fragrant ; mod, L’Hlegante (Guillot, 1883): Chinese rose, copper-yellow in the centre, medium size, fine form ; a very select colour, and quite new. First Class Certificate ; vig. Letty Coles (Keynes, 1875): shaded pink; a sport from Madame Willermoz ; vig. Le Pactole (Pean): lemon, centre pale-yellow; a good and moderately hardy Rose ; mod. Louis de Savoie (Ducher, 1853): clear pale yellow, very large and full, good shape, and vigorous habit, very fragrant ; vig. Louis Richard (Ducher, 1877): copper-rose, changing to deep red in the centre, large, full and well formed ; ry. Luciole (Guillot, 1887), rosy red, tinted with coppery yellow, large, full, and of good shape and habit, deliciously scented ; vig. Ma Capucine (Levet, 1871): orange-yellow, nasturtium colour, small and semi-double ; mod. Madame A. Etienne (Bernaix, 1887): rosy claret colour on edges of petals, gradually diminishing to pale rose with white in the centre ; petals very large, flowers large, full and cupped ; mod. 115 Madame Angele Jacquier (Guillot fils, 1879): flamed cerise, with coppered yellow at the base, charming bright colour, flowers large, full and well formed ; a distinct and beautiful Rose ; vig. Madame Barillet Deschamps (Bernede, 1855): white, centre cream, large and well formed, very free bloomer and excellent; mod. Madame Berard (Levet, 1870): bright buff or fawn colour, with slight salmon tint, flowers very large, full and well formed ; a superb Rose for pillar or wall ; vig. Madame Bonnet Eymard (Pernet, 1874): pure white, sometimes yellow in the centre, full and of medium size; blooms freely; mod. Madame Bravy (Guillot pére, 1848): see Alba rosea ; vig. Madame Camille (Guillot fils, 1871): delicate rose, violet shade, veined flowers, very large and full; a fine Rose, free habit ; v7. Madame Caro (Levet, 1880): salmon-yellow, of medium size, fine form, very full; vig. Madame Celina Noirey (Guillot fils, 1868): salmon-rose, flowers large and full ; wy. Madame Chedane Guinoisseau (Leveque, 1880): sulphured canary-yellow ; beautiful bud, in the shape of Madame Falcot ; distinet 5 vdy. Madame Cusin (Guillot, 1882): purple-rose, with white centre, tinted with yellow, large, full and well formed ; wi. Madame Denis (Gonod, 1872): waxy white, centre fawn and flesh, flowers large, full and cupped ; a distinct and very fine Rose, with a peculiar musk scent ; mod. Madame de Vatry (Guerin, 1855): centre bright pink, slightly tinted, outer petals paler, good size, full ; viv. Madame de Watteville (Guillot, 1884): white, lightly salmoned, large, full, well-formed : remarkable for its colour ; extra ; mod. Madame Emile Dupuy (Levet, 1870): pale fawn, flowers large, full and well formed ; a good Rose for wall or pillar; w7q. Madame Eugene Verdier (Levet, 1883): deep chamois, large and well formed ; a first-class variety, and a good climber ; vig, Madame Falcot (Guillot fils, 1858): deep rich orange-yellow, petals large, flowers double ; rich dark foliage; a beautiful Rose; v7. Madame Francois Janin (Levet, 1872): orange-yellow, centre coppery, medium size, very sweet ; mod. Madame Hippolyte Jamain (Guillot fils, 1869): pure white, centre coppery-yellow, tipped with hght rose, large and full ; v7. 116 Madame Honoré Defresne (C. Levet, 1886): beautiful deep yellow, with coppery reflex, large, full and of good form ; vig. Madame Joseph Halphen (Margottin, 1858): white, beautifully tinted with carmine ; full and free blooming ; mod. Madame Joseph Schwartz (Schwartz, 1880): white, tinged with flesh-rose, full, medium size ; a seedling from Comtesse Labarthe ; extra fine ; vig. Madame Jules Margottin (Levet, 1871): copper and rosy cerise, variable, distinct, and very pretty ; vig. Madame Lambard (Lacharme, 1877): fine, bright red, large, full, and well-formed buds ; beautiful and distinct ; mod. Madame Levet (Levet, 1869): buff, centre shaded salmon, very much resembling Glozre de Dijon, large, cupped and full ; mod. Madame Margottin (Guillot fils, 1866): rich yellow, with salmon- pink centre, full and of good form; wig. Madame Maurin (Guillot pére, 1853): cream and fawn, flowers large, full and finely formed; a beautiful and distinct kind ; mod. Madame Remond (Lambert, 1885): yellow, outside petals shaded Nasturtium yellow ; specially good for pot culture ; mod. Madame Scipion Cochet (Bernaix, 1887): canary-yellow, shaded with white, and tipped with rose, large and double; a striking variety ; vig. Madame Sertot (Pernet) : white, large, full and well formed; mod. Madame Trifle (Levet, 1869): pale fawn, changing to cream, shape and habit like Glowre de Dijon, flowers somewhat paler; a good Rose; vig. Madame Welche (Ducher, 1878): flowers very large and double, of the finest form, the outside petals pale yellow, the centre deep orange, often shaded reddish copper ; mod. Madame Willermoz (Lacharme, 1845): creamy white, centre tinted with fawn, petals very thick and finely formed ; wi. Malle, Alexandrine Bruel (Levet, 1885): white, large and full; a seedling from Gloire de Dijon ; mod. Malle, Annette Murat (Levet, 1885): lemon-yellow, large and full ; mod. Malle. Cecile Berthod (Guillot fils, 1871): golden yellow, colour clear and beautiful, flowers cupped, tolerably large and full; distinct; rig. ee 117 Malle. Clotilde Soupert (Levet, 1884): fine carmine-rose, large, very full, always opening well ; a seedling from Gloire de Dijon ; vig. Malle. Elisabeth de Gramont (Levet, 1887): bright rose colour, base of the petals coppery yellow, large, full, and of good shape; a good new variety ; vig. Malle. Lazarin Poizeau (Levet, 1876): deep canary-yellow, small conical-shaped buds ; quite a gem for button-hole flowers; vig. Malle. Marie Arnaud (Levet, 1872): fine canary-yellow, centre deep golden yellow ; mod. Mdlle. Marie Berton (Levet, 1873): pale yellow, changing to white, very large and fine ; a good wall Rose ; mod. Malle. Mathilde Lenaerts (Levet, 1879): fine bright rose, bordered with white, of medium size or large, full, and very well formed ; climbing variety ; vz. Malle. Therese Genevay (Levet, 1874): fine peach-rose, large, full, and of fine form ; blooms freely, very effective ; wig. Marcelin Roda (Ducher, 1872): pale yellow, centre canary- yellow, flowers good size, globular and full; a beautiful Rose ; vig. Maréchal Bugeaud: bright rose, very large and full; a mode- rately early and excellent Rose ; vig. Marie de Medicis: centre fawn, outer petals mottled with crimson, highly fragrant ; mod. Marie Ducher (Ducher, 1868): cream and fawn, flowers large, full and well formed, the shape of the flower and habit of the plant resembling Gloire de Dijon ; a good Rose ; mod. Marie Guillot (Guillot fils, 1873): beautiful white, large, globular, full, of very fine form ; a superb Rose ; wig. Marie Sisley (Guilot fils, 1868): cream, deeply margined and shaded with rosy salmon, size moderate, full, and very fragrant; vig. Marie Van Houtte (Ducher, 1871): white, slightly tinted with yellow, border of the petals tipped with rose, flowers quite full and well formed ; a superb Rose; vig. Marquise de Sanima (Ducher, 1875): copper-rose centre, some- times light rose, in the way of Reine de Portugal, large, full, and fine form ; wg. Miss Ethel Brownlow (A. Dickson & Sons, 1887): bright salmon- pink, shaded yellow at base of petals, flowers large, of great Substance and most perfect form, always opening well; petals thick, large, round, and very smooth ; vig. ee K 118 Miss May Paul (Levet, 1882): white, lilac in the interior, out- side petals red, large, and well formed; of a climbing habit; vig. Monsieur Furtado (Laffay, 1866): very bright sulphur-yellow, medium size, full, and finely formed ; mod. Niphetos (Bougere, 1844): white, centre pale straw, long buds, very large thick petals in dry weather ; a superb Rose; wg. Pauline Labonte: outer petals flesh, tinted cream, centre deep salmon-buff, very large, full, and fragrant ; a distinct Rose ; mod. Perfection de Montplaisir (Levet, 1871): clear lemon, handsome buds; good and distinct ; mod. Perle de Lyon (Ducher, 1872): deep fawn and apricot, colour of Madame Falcot, petals large, flowers globular ; a beautiful yellow Rose ; mod. Perle des Jardins (Levet, 1874): fine straw-yellow, sometimes deep canary-yellow, very large, full, and fine form; one of the best yellow Roses ; vig. Princess Beatrice (Bennett, 1887): outer petals pale yellow, centre rich golden yellow, edge of petals slightly laced with bright rose; a distinct and handsome variety, of verfect form and a free bloomer ; wig. Princess Prosper @ Aremberg (Soupert et Notting, 1881): salmon- red, carmine in centre, reverse of petals clear carmine, of medium size, full; vig. Princess of Wales (Bennett, 1884); outside petals rosy yellow, centre rich deep golden yellow, the colour being exceedingly chaste and very waxy in appearance, quite distinct, opens well, buds long pointed; vig. Reine du Portugal: golden yellow, flowers large, full, and globular ; a distinct and good yellow Rose ; vig. Reine Maria Pia (Schwartz): deep rose, crimson in the centre, large, full ; a seedling from Gloire de Dijon ; vig. Rubens: white, delicately tinted with rose, flowers large and beautifully formed ; a superb Rose; vig. Safrano (Beauregard, 1839): bright apricot, fine dark foliage, moderately hardy ; a most beautiful Rose in the bud; wig. Shirley Hibberd (Levet, 1873): nankeen-yellow, medium size, cupped and full ; a new colour, blooms freely ; mod. Socrates (Robert, 1858): deep rose, fawn centre, large and full ; mod, 119 Sombreuil (Robert, 1850): pale straw, large, double and very beautiful ; hardy ; vig. Souvenir d Elise (Marest, 1853): creamy white, petals large, flowers full and generally perfect, though occasionally it produces a hard centre ; a superb Rose ; vig. Souvenir de Paul Neron (Levet, 1871): white, with rose and buff tint, flowers large and full; distinct and good ; vig. Souvenir de Therese Levet (Levet, 1883): red, shaded with scarlet, large and full ; a new colour, extra; vig. Souvenir @un Ami (Defougere, 1846): salmon and rose, very large and full, large and handsome foliage : a superb Rose 3 vig. Souvenir de Madame Pernet (Pernet, 1875): salmon-pink, petals broad, smooth and even; a good Rose ; viv. Sunset (P. Henderson & Co,, 1884): deep apricot colour, of good size, free blooming and splendid in the bud ; foliage of a deep crimson colour, contrasting beautifully with the flowers; mod. The Bride (May, 1886): a white sport from Catherine Mermet, but much more free flowering; produces blooms of symmetrical form, large, full and perfect ; highly recommended ; vig. Triomphe de Milan (Ducher, 1876): pale yellow, deeper in the centre, form and colour of Triomphe de Rennes; a good and distinct Rose ; vig. Unique (Guillot fils, 1869): white ground, flamed with rose and purple ; a distinct Rose, but delicate ; mod. Vicomtesse de Cazes (Pradel, 1844): yellow, centre copperish yellow ; tender; vig. Yellow (1824) : pale yellow, very large and fine petals ; beautiful in the bud, but very tender ; mod. HYBRID TEA-SCENTED. Antoine Mermet (Guillot fils, 1883): deep carmine-rose, petals bordered with white, very large, full, well formed, cupped; a seedling from Madame Falcot ; vig. Attraction (Dubreuil, 1886): clear carmine, shaded China-rose ; a very free-flowering and good variety ; wig. Beauty of Stapleford (Bennett, 1878): outer range of petals very pale pinkish rose, gradually shaded to a deep rosy centre; vig. 120 Bedjord Belle (Laxton, 1884): blush-white, tinted rose exter- nally, large, full and expanding well; raised from Glozre de Dijon and Souvenir du Comte Cavour ; vig. Camens (Schwartz, 1882): bright China-rose, deep yellow, almost always striped with white, of medium size; mod. Cheshunt Hybrid (Paul & Son, 1873): colour cherry-carmine, large full open flowers ; very hardy and distinct ; a very fine pillar or wall Rose; wig. Countess of Pembroke (Bennett, 1882): delicate satiny rose, large, full and of perfect shape, sweetly scented ; vig. Distinction (Bennett, 1882): shaded peach colour, not very full, but well-shaped, and opens freely ; wig. Duchess of Connaught (Bennett, 1878): pale rose and lavender, dwarf hybrid habit, flowers large and well formed ; mod. Duke of Connaught (Bennett, 1878): deep velvety crimson, edged with the brightest red ; one of the best of this class ; mod. Gipsy (Laxton, 1884): dark velvety red, every bloom coming perfect, like a miniature Charles Lefebvre ; vig. Hon. George Bancroft (Bennett, 1878): flowers very large, colour bright rosy crimson, shaded purple ; vq. Jean Sisley (Bennett, 1878): flowers very large, very full of petal, colour outside petals rosy lilac, the centre bright pink ; mod. Latly Mary Fitzwilliam (Bennett, 1882): bright delicate flesh colour, flowers of globular form and rather full; a good exhibition variety ; vig. Madame Joseph Desbois (Guillot, 1886): flesh white, centre rosy salmon, very large, full, and of good shape; raised from Baroness Rothschild and Madame Falcot ; a good new Rose ; vzg. Madame Barthelemy Levet (Levet, 1879): rich deep clear yeilow ; good form ; mod. Michael Saunders (Bennett, 1878): flowers very large, of good form, colour bronzy pink, very sweet scented ; vg. Nancy Lee (Bennett, 1879): colour bright rosy pink, dwarf hybrid habit, moderate size ; mod. Pierre Quillot (Guillot, 1879): bright dazzling red, petals bordered with white, very large, with erect flower, well formed, very free bloomer ; extra fine ; v7. The Meteor (W. Paul & Son, 1887) : rich dark velvety crimson, constant and free bloomer; a good new Rose ; vg. 121 Viscountess Folkestone (Bennett, 1886): creamy pink, centre salmon-pink, large, full, and very sweet; vig. W. F. Bennett (Bennett, 1885): crimson, large and double, very fragrant; a most valuable variety for forcing for winter blooming, the flowers being produced in great abundance ; vig. Ye Primrose Dame (Bennett, 1886): primrose colour, centre apricot, free blooming, full and of good form; v7. THE NOISETTE ROSE. The Old Blush or original Noisette is of American origin; the characteristic properties are its blooming in large clusters, free habit of growth (producing long vigorous shoots), and a rich perfume, partaking of the fragrance of the Musk and Tea-scented Roses. Many of the varieties raised have been crossed with the Tea-scented, and thereby have become less hardy than the original kind ; they are, however, little less valuable on that account, for though not so well suited for standards, they form the finest of Roses for south and west walls ; many of them have large handsome flowers, highly fragrant, and of vigorous "habit. Maréchal Niel may be instanced as being the finest double yellow perpetual-blooming Rose in cultivation, Some few varieties are of moderate growth, adapted for standards or half-standards. In pruning the vigorous growers, thin out the small and unripe wood, and shorten the remaining shoots one-third or one-half. Cloth of Gold should either be grown against a south wall, or planted out in the conservatory. It should be encouraged to make all the growth possible, when after the first or second year it will commence to bloom. 122 Aimée Vibert (Vibert, 1828): pure white, blooming in large clusters ; very pretty handsome glossy foliage ; a good wall Rose; vg. America (Page, 1859): cream, with salmon and fawn centre, large, and very full ; a fine Rose, but suitable only for south wall or the conservatory ; does not open freely when grown as a standard ; vig. American Banner (Cartwright, 1879): striped rose and white like the York and Lancaster ; peculiar ; mod. Bouquet d Ov (Ducher, 1872) : deep yellow, centre copper colour, large and full ; a climbing or wall Rose; vig. Celine Forestier (Leroy, 1858): deep canary-yellow, outer petals pale yellow, flowers good size, well formed and highly fragrant ; an excellent climbing Rose for south walls or conservatory ; vig. Cloth of Gold (Coquereau, 1843): pure yellow, globular, very large and very double ; a superb Rose, but a shy bloomer, and very tender : a fine Rose for a south wall; vig. Lclair de Jupiter : light crimson colour, beautiful and attractive; a good pillar Rose ; vig. Fellenberg : crimson, very bright and beautiful, clustering ; a fine pular Rose ; vig. Jaune Desprez (Desprez, 1838): fawn, pink and fawn centre ; vigorous growing, highly scented, superb wall Rose ; vig. Lamarque (Maréchal, 1830): sulphur-white, very large and full; a fine wall Rose ; vig. Madame Caroline Kuster (Pernet, 1872): centre canary-yellow, outer petals pale lemon, flowers large, globular; a very fine Rose; vig. Madame Miolan Carvalho (Leveque, 1875) : deep sulphur-yellow, large, full, and fine form ; a seedling from Cloth of Gold ; vig. Maréchal Niel (Pradel, 1864): rich brilliant yellow, petals large, smooth, and of good substance, flowers very large, full, deep, and exquisitely formed ; the most superb of all yellow Roses ; wig. Narcisse (Crozy, 1859): beautiful straw-yellow, medium, full and free blooming ; vig. Ophirie (Goubault, 1841): bright salmon and fawn, distinct and peculiar ; best adapted for a weeping, pillar, or wall Rose ; vig. Réve d’Or (Ducher, 1869) : orange-yellow, flowers moderate size and full; a good climbing Rose ; wig. Solfaterre (Boyau, 1843): fine sulphur-yellow, superb, large and full; a fine Rose for a wall ; vig. 123 Triomphe de Rennes (Lansezeur, 1857): straw, centre pale yellow, highly fragrant, flowers of good size and well formed ; an excellent Rose ; vig. Unique Jaune (Moreau, 1872): pale fawn, with flesh tint, very pretty colour, clustering in the way of Jaune Desprez, and quite as sweet ; fine foliage ; an excellent wall Rose ; wg. William Allan Richardson (Ducher, 1878): beautiful orange yellow; superb in the bud; vig. HYBRID NOISETTE. Albane @ Arneville (Schwartz, 1885): pure white, slightly tinted flesh colour, medium and full; petals imbricated, free blooming ; wg. Madame Alfred Carriere (Schwartz, 1879): flesh-white, with salmon-yellow at the base of the petals, large, full, well-formed ; & very vigorous climber ; v9. Madame Fanny de Forest (Schwartz, 1883): salmon-white in opening, changing to white, tinted with rose ; large ; mod. Olga Marix (Schwartz, 1873): flesh-white, medium and full; mod. Perfection des Blanches (Lacharme, 1872): pure white, blooming in clusters, flowers of medium size and full; mod. Perle des Blanches (Lacharme, 1872): pure white, medium size, full and globular, blooming in clusters ; mod. 124 A SELECT LIST OF ROSES ADAPTED TO VARIOUS CIRCUMSTANCES, SITUATIONS, &c. —— << _ 1.—Selection of about 100 hardy Roses, suitable for growing in the neighbourhood of large manufacturing towns, where much smoke prevails. For 50 of the choicest varieties, take those marked thus (*). For 24 only, select those marked thus (t). Bourbon.—Apolline, *Baron Gonella, *Baronne de Noirmont, Catherine Guillot, Empress Eugénie, Sir Joseph Paxton, Queen. China.—Cramoisie Superieure, t+* Mrs. Bosanquet, Old Blush. * Climbing Roses.—All excepting the Banksian. Damask,—* La Ville de Bruxelles, French.—* Boula de Nanteuil, *Kean, Ohl. Aybrid Bourbon.—t* Charles Lawson, Coupe d’Hébé, +* Madame Isaac Pereire. Hybrid China.—*Brennus, *Chénédolé, *Fulgens, Leopold de Bauffremont, Madame Riviere. Hybrid Perpetual.—* Abel Grand, +t*Alfred Colomb, *Anna Alexieff, Antoine Mouton, +*Baronne Prevost, Beauty of Waltham, Boieldieu, {Boule de Neige, *Captain Christy, +*Centifolia rosea, t*Charles Lefebvre, *Climbing Jules Margottin, t+*Comtesse de Chabrillant, *Comtesse de Serenyi, {*Countess of Oxford, Crimson Bedder, +*Dr. Andry, Duc de Rohan, Duc de Wellington, tDuke of Albany, +*Duchess of Bedford, tDuchesse de Vallombrosa, Edouard Morren, Exposition de Brie, Felix Genero, Fisher Holmes, +*General Jacqueminot, ¢*Jean Liabaud, +*John Hopper, t*John Stuart Mill, 7*Jules Margottin, La Duchesse de Morny, La France, La Reine, *La Rosiere, Leopold I., *Madame Caillat, *Madame Charles Crapelet, *Madame Clemence Joigneaux, *Madame Gabriel Luizet, +Madame Knorr, Mdlle. Marie Rady, Marie Beauman, *Marquise de Castellane, +*Maurice Bernardin, *Merveille de Lyon, Miss Hassard, *Monsieur Boncenne, Monsieur Benoit Comte, 7+*Monsieur Paul Neron, Mrs. Rivers, Nardy Fréres, Paul Verdier, 7*Pierre Notting, President Willermoz, *Prince Camille de Rohan, 125 *Senateur Vaisse, Souvenir d’Arthur Sansal, Sultan of Zanzibar, Victor Verdier. © Noisette.—* Aimée Vibert, *Celine Forestier, Fellenberg, Ophirie, T* William A. Richardson. *Scotch Roses. Sweet Brier.—* Double Scarlet. Tea-scented.—Belle Lyonnaise, Climbing Devoniensis, *Etendard de Jeanne d’Arc, *Gloire de Dijon, Sombreuil. Hybrid Tea-scented.—Cheshunt Hybrid, Reine Marie Henriette. 2.—Selection of about 100 hardy Roses, suitable for the North of England and Scotland, also for cold localities. For 50 of the choicest varieties, take those marked thus (*). For 24 only, select those marked thus (t). Austrian.—* Harrisonii, +* Persian Yellow. Bourbon.—Baronne de Noirmont, Empress Eugénie, *Michael Bonnett, Sir Joseph Paxton, Queen. China.—Archduke Charles, Cramoisie Supérieure, Mrs, Bosan- quet. Climbing Roses.—All excepting the Banksian, Damask.—La Ville de Bruxelles, *Madame Zoutman. French.—* Boule de Nanteuil, Kean, *Ohl. Hybrid Bourbon.—*Charles Lawson, Coupe d’Hébé, tMadame Isaac Pereire, *Paul Ricaut. Hybrid China.—Brennus, *Chénédolé, Double Margined Hip, Fulgens. Hybrid Perpetual.—t*Abel Carriere, *Abel Grand, +*Alfred Colomb, Antoine Ducher, Antoine Mouton, Baronne de Maynard, Baronne Prevost, t*Boule de Neige, ¢Centifolia rosea, ¢*Charles Lefebvre, *Climbing Jules Margottin, t*Comtesse de Chabrillant, *Comtesse de Serenyi, t*Countess of Oxford, t*Crimson Bedder, t*Dr. Andry, Duc de Rohan, Duc de Wellington, +Duchess of Bedford, *Duchesse de Vallombrosa, *Duke of Edinburgh, *Dupuy Jamain, *Edouard Morren, *Exposition de Brie, *Felix Genero, Frangois Lacharme, *Horace Vernet, *Jean Liabaud, +*John 126 Hopper, John Stuart Mill, +*Jules Margottin, *La Rosiere, Leopold I., Lord Macaulay, Madame Caillat, t*Madame Charles Crapelet, +*Madame Charles Wood, *Madame Knorr, +*Madame la Baronne de Rothschild, *Madame Gabriel Luizet, Madame Victor Verdier, Marie Beauman, t*Mdlle. Marie Rady, *Marquise de Castellane, Maurice Bernardin, *Merveille de Lyon, Miss Hassard, Monsieur Boncenne, *Monsieur Etienne Levet, +* Monsieur Paul Neron, 7*Pierre Notting, Prince Camille de Rohan, *Senateur Vaisse, {*Sir Garnet Wolseley, Souvenir de Arthur Sansal, Sultan of Zanzibar, Victor Verdier. Moss.—Baronne de Wassenaer, t* Crested, *Gloire des Mousseuses, Lanei, *White Bath. Perpetual Moss.—Blanche Moreau, General Drouot, Madame Edouard Ory, Perpetual White. Provence.—j{*Cabbage, De Meaux, Unique. Sweet Briar.—Double Scarlet. Tea-scented,—7{*Gloire de Dijon, Gloire de Bordeaux. Hybrid Tea-scented.—* Reine Marie Henriette. 3.—Selection of 100 of the finest Exhibition Roses. For 50 of the choicest varieties, take those marked thus (*). For 24 only, select those marked thus (r). Bourbon.—* Souvenir de la Malmaison. Hybrid Perpetual.—jt*Abel Carriere, t* Alfred Colomb, Abel Grand, *A. K,. Williams, *Annie Wood, Auguste Rigotard, Avocat Duvivier, Beauty of Waltham, Camille Bernardin, *Captain Christy, Catherine Soupert, Centifolia rosea, Charles Darwin, +*Charles Lefebvre, +*Countess of Oxford, Countess of Rosebery, +*Comtesse de Serenyi, Devienne Lamy, Dr. Andry, *Duc de Rohan, Due de Wellington, Duchesse de Caylus, ¢*Duchesse de Vallombrosa, Duke of Connaught, Duke of Edinburgh, 7*Dupuy Jamain, *Edouard Morren, *Elie Morel, +*Emilie Hausburg, Exposition de Brie, Fisher Holmes, General Jacqueminot, Harrison Weir, Hippolyte Jamain, +*Horace Vernet, +*Jean Liabaud, John Hopper, John Stuart Mill, Jules Margottin, La Duchesse de Morny, *La France, *La Rosiere, Lady Sheffield, *Lalia, Le Havre, Lord Macaulay, *Louis Van Houtte (Lacharme), *Madame 127 Charles Crapelet, +*Madame Gabriel Luizet, *Madame Charles Wood, *Madame Georges Schwartz, Madame Lacharme, +*Madame la Baronne de Rothschild, ;Madame Victor Verdier, Mdlle. Marie Rady, *Mdlle, Eugénie Verdier, Magna Charta, *Maréchal Vaillant, t*Marguerite de St. Amand, +*Marie Beauman, +*Marquise de Castellane, +Merveille de Lyon, *Monsieur Boncenne, Monsieur Etienne Levet, +*Monsieur E. Y. Teas, *Monsieur Frangois Michelon, *Monsieur Noman, +*Pierre Notting, Pride of Waltham, Prince Arthur, *Prince Camille de Rohan, *Princess Beatrice, ‘Reynolds Hole, Senateur Vaisse, *Sir Garnet Wolseley, Sultan of Zanzibar, Ulrich Brunner fils, Violette Bouyer, *Xavier Olibo. Noisette.—+* Marechal Niel. Tea-scented.—Alba rosea, +* Belle Lyonnaise, Catherine Mermet, Comtesse de Nadaillac, +*Devoniensis, Francisque Kruger, *Gloire de Dijon, Jean Ducher, Madame Lambard, *Madame Willermoz, 7t*Marie Van Houtte, Niphetos, Perle des Jardins, *Souvenir (Elise, Souvenir de Paul Neron, *Souvenir d’un Ami, *The Bride. Hybrid Tea-scented.—}*W. F. Bennett. 4,.—Selection for bedding, grouping, or planting in Masses. Austrian.—Harrisonii, Persian Yellow. Bourbon.—Queen, Souvenir de la Malmaison. China.—Cramoisie Supérieure, Mrs. Bosanquet, Old White. Damask Perpetual.—Crimson Superb. Hybrid Bourbon.—Paul Ricaut. Hybrid China.—Double Margined Hip, Madame Plantier. Hybrid Perpetual.—Alfred Colomb, Boule de Neige, Centifolia rosea, Charles Lefebvre, Comte Bobinsky, Comtesse d’Oxford, Crimson Bedder, Dr. Andry, Duke of Edinburgh, Dupuy Jamain, Etienne Levet, Fisher Holmes, Général Jacqueminot, John Hopper, Jules Margottin, La France, Louisa Wood, Madame Charles Crapelet, Madame Knorr, Mademoiselle Bonnaire, Marguerite de St. Amand, Marquise de Castellane, Monsieur Noman, Monsieur Paul Neron, Pierre Notting, Prince Camille de Rohan, Senateur Vaisse, Sir Garnet Wolseley, Souvenir de Charles Montault, Victor Verdier. 128 Moss.—Common, or Old Moss. Noisette.—Aimée Vibert, Celine Forestier, Triomphe de Rennes. Provence.—Old Cabbage, Unique or White. Perpetual Scotch.—Stanwell Perpetual. Sweet Briar.—Double Scarlet, 5.—Selection of the best Climbing Roses for a south or east wall. Banksian.—White and Yellow. Bourbon.—Acidalie. Noisette.—Aimée Vibert, Celine Forestier, Cloth of Gold, Jaune Desprez, Lamarque, Maréchal Niel, Ophirie, Réve d’Or, Triomphe dle Rennes, William A. Richardson. Tea-scented.—Belle Lyonnaise, Climbing Devoniensis, Gloire de Dijon, Homére, Madame Berard, Madame Falcot, Safrano, Sombreuil. Hybrid Tea-scented.—Reine Marie Henriette. For a west or north wall, or for open trellis-work. Ayrshire.—Bennett’s Seedling, Ruga, Multiflora alba. Bourbon.—Acidalie, Sir Joseph Paxton, Evergreen.—Banksiefiora. Hybrid Bourbon,—Charles Lawson, Coupe d’Hébé, Juno. Hybrid China,—Blairii No, 2, Chénédolé, Double Margined Hip, Fulgens, Leopold de Bauffremont, Madame Plantier, Magna Rosea. Hybrid Perpetual.—Anna Alexieff, Baronne Prevost, Boule de Neige, Climbing Victor Verdier, Climbing Jules Margottin, Duke of Edinburgh, General Jacqueminot, Jules Margottin, Maréchal Vaillant, Monsieur Boncenne, Monsieur Paul Neron, Paul Verdier, Pierre Notting, Prince Camille de Rohan, Noisette —Aimée Vibert, Celine Forestier, Fellenberg, Solfaterre. Tea-scented,— Gloire de Dijon, Madame Levet, Madame Trifle, Marie Van Houtte, Sombreuil. 129 6.—Selection of the finest Pillar or Pole Roses. Austrian.—Harrisonii, Persian Yellow. Bourbon.—Acidalie, Appoline, Baronne de Noirmont, Sir Joseph Paxton. Damask.—La Ville de Bruxelles. Hybrid Bourbon.—Charles Lawson, Coupe d’Hébé, Juno, Hybrid China.—Blairii No. 2, Brennus, Chénédolé, Fulgens, Leopold de Bauffremont, Madame Plantier, Magna Rosea. Hybrid Perpetual_—Anna Alexieff, Baronne Prévost, Boule de Neige, Centifolia rosea, Climbing Charles Lefebvre, Climbing Jules Margottin, Climbing Madame Victor Verdier, Climbing Victor Verdier, Duke of Edinburgh, Edouard Morren, Eugéne Appert, General Jacqueminot, Jules Margottin, Lord Raglan, Madame Clemence Joigneaux, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Madame Knorr, Magna Charta, Maréchal Vaillant, Monsieur Boncenne, Monsieur Paul Neron, Paul Verdier, Paul’s Single Crimson, Paul’s Single White, Pierre Notting, Prince Camille de Rohan. Moss.—Luxembourg, Lanei. Noisette.—Aimée Vibert, Celine Forestier, Eclair de Jupiter, Fellenberg, Jaune Desprez, La Biche, Ophirie, Réve d’Or, Solfaterre, W. A. Richardson. Hybrid of Noisette—Madame Alfred Carriere. Tea-scented.—Gloire de Dijon, Gloire de Bordeaux, Madame Levet, Madame Trifle. 7.—Selection of the best Weeping Roses. Austrian.—Harrisonil. Ayrshire.—Bennett’s Seedling, Ruga. Bourbon.— Appoline. Boursault.— Weeping. Evergreen.—Banksieflora. Hybrid China.—Blairii No. 2, Fulgens. Multiflora.—Félicite Perpetue, The Garland. Noisette.—La Biche, Ophirie, Solfaterre. Tea.—Gloire de Dijon. 130 8.—Siz best Yellow Roses. Austrian.—Persian Yellow. Noisette.—Cloth of Gold, Solfaterre, Maréchal Niel. Tea-scented.—Etoile de Lyon, Perle des Jardins. 9.—Six best White Roses. Hybrid Perpetual.—Boule de Neige, Merveille de Lyon, Violette Bouyer. Provence.— Unique. Tea-scented.—Niphetos, The Bride. 10.—Six of the best Crimson Roses. Hybrid Perpetual—Alfred Colomb, A. K. Williams, Charles Lefebvre, Duchess of Bedford, Marie Beauman, Senateur Vaisse. 11.—Six of the finest Dark Roses. Hybrid Perpetual.—Ahbel Carriere, Duke of Connaught, Jean Liabaud, Louis Van Houtte (Lacharme), Monsieur Boncenne, Prince Camille de Rohan. 12.—Selection of the finest Roses for pot culture. Where only a small collection is required, choose those sorts marked thus (*). Bourbon.—* Souvenir de la Malmaison. China.—* Mrs. Bosanquet. Hybrid Bourbon.—* Charles Lawson, *Juno. Hybrid China.—Blairii, Chénédolé, Leopold de Bauffremont. Hybrid Perpetual.—Abel Carriere, *Alfred Colomb, Alphonse Soupert, A. K. Williams, Baroness Rothschild, *Beauty of Waltham, Captain Christy, *Centifolia rosea, *Charles Lefebvre, Countess of Oxford, Comtesse de Serenyi, Dr. Andry, Duchess of Bedford, *Duke of Edinburgh, Eclair, Edouard Morren, Exposition de Brie, *General Jacqueminot, *Horace Vernet, Jean Liabaud, *John Hopper, *Jules Margottin, La France, Lelia, Louis Van Houtte, Madame Charles Crapelet, Madame Clemence Joigneaux, Madame Georges Schwartz, Madame Knorr, *Madame la Baronne de Roths- child, Madame Marie Finger, *Madame Victor Verdier, *Mdlle. 131 Marie Rady, Mdlle. Eugénie Verdier, Magna Charta, Marie Beauman, Marquise de Castellane, Merveille de Lyon, *Monsieur Etienne Levet, *Monsieur Noman, Monsieur Paul Neron, *Paul Verdier, *Pierre Notting, Pride of Waltham, *Senateur Vaisse, *Sir Garnet Wolseley, Ulrich Brunner fils, Violette Bouyer. Moss.—*Common or Old, Gloire des Mousseuses, Lanei. Noisette.—* Celine Forestier, Lamarque, Madame Caroline Kuster, *Maréchal Niel, Triomphe de Rennes, * William A. Richardson, Provence.—Cabbage. Tea-scented.—* Adam, *Alba rosea, Belle Lyonnaise, Climbing Devoniensis, Catherine Mermet, Comtesse de Nadaillac, Comtesse Riza du Parc, *Devoniensis, *Etendard de Jeanne d’Arc, Etoile de Lyon, *Francisque Kruger, Gloire de Dijon, Innocente Pirola, Jean Ducher, Madame Berard, Madame Falcot, Madame Lambard, *Madame Margottin, *Madame Willermoz, Madame Sertot, Marie Van Houtte, *Marie Ducher, *Niphetos, Perfection de Montplaisir, *Perle des Jardins, Perle de Lyon, *President, Rubens, *Safrano, *Souvenir d’Elise, Souvenir de Paul Neron, *Souvenir d’un Ami, *Sunset, *The Bride. 13.—Selection of the finest Roses for forcing. Bourbon.—Souvenir de la Malmaison. China.—Cramoisie Superieure. Damask Perpetual.—Crimson Superb. Hybrid Bourbon.—Charles Lawson, Juno, Paul Ricaut. Hybrid Perpetual.—Alfred Colomb, Alphonse Soupert, Beauty of Waltham, Boule de Neige, Charles Lefebvre, Countess of Oxford, Crimson Bedder, Duchess of Bedford, Duke of Edinburgh, Dupuy Jamain, Exposition de Brie, General Jacqueminot, Jean Liabaud, Jules Margottin, La France, La Reine, Madame Knorr, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Madame la Baronne de Rothschild, Marie Beauman, Marquise de Castellane, Maurice Bernardin, Merveille de Lyon, Monsieur Noman, Monsieur Paul Neron, Senateur Vaisse, Victor Verdier. Moss.—Common, Gloire des Mousseuses, Lanei. Noisette.—Lamarque, Maréchal Niel. Provence.— Cabbage. Tea-scented.—Alba rosea, Belle Lyonnaise, Catherine Mermet, 132 Comtesse de Nadaillac, Devoniensis, Gloire de Dijon Innocente Pirola, Jean Ducher, Louise de Savoie, Madame Bravy, Madame Camille, Madame Falcot, Madame Margottin, Madame Maurin, Madame Sertot, Madame Willermoz, Marie Guillot, Marie Van Houtte, Niphetos, Perle des Jardins, Souvenir d’Elise, Souvenir Wun Ami, Souvenir de Paul Neron, Sunset, Hybrid Tea-scented.-W. F. Bennett. 14.—Thirty-six of the finest Roses for growing as specimens, in pots, for exhibition. Bourbon.—Souvenir de la Malmaison. Hybrid Bourbon.—Charles Lawson, Paul Ricaut. Hybrid Perpetual.—Alfred Colomb, Charles Lefebvre, Comtesse Chabrillant, Countess of Oxford, Comtesse de Serenyi, Dr. Andry, Duchesse de Caylus, Duke of Edinburgh, Dupuy Jamain, Exposition de Brie, Sir Garnet Wolseley, Jules Margottin, La France, Lelia, Louis Van Houtte, Madame la Baronne de Rothschild, Madame Victor Verdier, Marguerite de St. Amand, Marie Beauman, Mer- veille de Lyon, Monsieur Paul Neron, Paul Verdier, Pierre Notting, Prince Camille de Rohan. Noisette.—Celine Forestier, Maréchal Niel. Tea-scented.—Alba rosea, Devoniensis, Gloire de Dijon, Madame Willermoz, Souvenir d’un Ami, The Bride. 15.—For beds of Roses of brilliant and decided colours, select from the following kinds :— BRILLIANT CRIMSON. Crimson Bedder, Duke of Teck, General Jacqueminot, Madame Victor Verdier, Senateur Vaisse. CaARMINE-CRIMSON. Alfred Colomb, Countess of Oxford, Dupuy Jamain, Madame C. Wood, Monsieur Etienne Levet, Sir Garnet Wolseley, Ulrich Brunner fils. Dark Crimson, A. K. Williams, Charles Lefebvre, Duc de Wellington, Duke of Edinburgh, Fisher Holmes, Monsieur EK. Y. Teas. Dark PURPLE AND CRIMSON. Abel Carriere, Jean Liabaud, Louis Van Houtte (Lacharme), Monsieur Boncenne, Pierre Notting, Prince Camille de Rohan. Derr Rose. Annie Laxton, Edouard Morren, Mdlle. Marie Rady, Magna Charta, Marquise de Castellane, Marie Beauman, Marguerite de St. Amand. Pate Ross. Alphonse Soupert, Comtesse Cecille de Chabrillant, Countess of Rosebery, La France, Madame Cusin, Madame Gabriel Luizet, Mdlle. Marie Finger. Pure WHITE. Aimée Vibert, Boule de Neige, Clara Sylvain, Mrs. Bosanquet, White China, Niphetos. BuiusH WHITE. Captain Christy, Madame Lacharme, Mdlle. Bonnaire, Marquise de Mortemart, Merveille de Lyon, Reine Blanche, Souvenir de la Malmaison, Souvenir de Paul Neron, Violette Bouyer. Pate FLEsH. Baroness Rothschild, Devoniensis, Innocente Pirola, Mdlle. Eugene Verdier. Drrp YELLOW. Etoile de Lyon, Madame Falcot, Maréchal Niel, Perle des Jardins, Persian Yellow, Reine du Portugal. Pate YELLOW. Belle Lyonnaise, Celine Forestier, Gloire de Dijon, La Boule Or, Louise de Savoie, Narcisse, Réve d’Or, Solfaterre, Triomphe de Rennes. 16.—Very highly Scented Roses. Hybrid Perpetual—Abel Grand, Alice Dureau, Beauty of Beeston, Beauty of Waltham, Boule de Neige, Camille Bernardin, Charles Lefebvre, Comtesse Cecille de Chabrillant, Constantine Fretiakoff, Dr.Sewell, Felix Genero, Géant des Batailles, La France, L’Esperance, Louis Van Houtte, Madame Furtado, Madame Gabriel 134 Luizet, Madame Knorr, Madame Thevenot, Marie Beauman, Monsieur Alfred Dumesnil, Monsieur E. Y. Teas, Mrs. Jowitt, Mis. John Laing, R. C. Sutton, Senateur Vaisse, Souvenir de Charles Montault, The Puritan, Bourbon.—Baronne de Noirmont, Madame Isaac Pereire. Tea-scented.—Adrienne Christophle, Aline Sisley, Devoniensis, Goubault, La Sylphide, Louis de Savoie, Luciole, Madame Eugénie Verdier, Madame Margottin, Marie de Medicis, Marie Sisley, Socrates, Sombreuil, Souvenir d’un Ami, Viscountess Folkestone. Hybrid Tea-scented.—Countess of Pembroke, Waltham Climber No. 2. Noisette.—Celine Forestier, Jaune Desprez, Marechal Niel, Ophirie, Triomphe de Rennes, Unique Jaune. Moss,—Common, or Old. 135 CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS. ——— JANUARY.—Presuming the necessary protection has been properly applied to all the tender varieties, there will be little to fear now from the effects of frost. It is requisite that every Rose plant should receive a good dressing of manure at least once a year ; advantage should, therefore, be taken of hard frost to have it wheeled on and spread over the surface, and during open weather let it be forked in. I usually prepare for this purpose (a month or two before it is required) a large heap, consisting of horse dung and pig dung, to this is added a few hundredweight of half-inch bones, burnt earth, and any decayed vegetable matter at hand. About four or five spadefuls of this are put to each plant; and for the Rose beds it is spread about an inch thick over the surface. Any spare time may be advan- tageously employed in preparing labels and going over the stock, and renewing such as are obliterated. Frpruary.—Proceed with pruning all the most hardy summer-blooming kinds, commencing with the French, Moss, Alba, and Provence, and finish- ing with the Hybrid China and Hybrid Bourbon. Let all planting be completed whenever the weather is favourable ; it should never be delayed beyond the middle of March, for no plant suffers more than the Rose from late planting. Fork in manure, and take off close to the stem every root sucker as this operation proceeds. Where any plant is observed 136 to be in an unhealthy condition, let it be taken up, the old soil removed, and replace with fresh loam and manure. Examine and trim the roots, and carefully remove all the suckers before re-planting, Marcu.—If the summer-blooming Roses have been pruned as directed last month, proceed at once with the Hybrid Perpetuals, Bourbons, and the hardiest of the Noisettes. The moderate, and even free-growing Hybrid Perpetuals will require rather close pruning, and the dwarf varieties in this class must be cut down hard, the closer the better, pro- vided a good eye is secured. There are many varieties in this class which have an erect habit of growth, the shoots being crowded together, and the blooms only seen at the top of the plant. A little assistance by tying out the branches will be necessary to make such assume a more branching appearance, and by this means handsomely formed heads of a good size may be obtained of all the compact-growing kinds. Pillar Roses should be pruned into a pyramidal form. Commence by training up one strong shoot, and keep the side branches well pruned in, Attend to plants in pots, and have them trained to the form desired as they are growing. Look well after grubs, and fumigate to destroy green-fly. Aprit.—Tea-scented and China Roses may now be pruned: let the whole of this work be dispatched as soon as possible. See that the beds are properly forked and dressed. Mulch newly planted Roses ; a little short straw, hay, or manure put upon the 137 surface of the soil will effect this object. Hvapora- tion during hot and dry weather being thus prevented, the growth of the plant is encouraged, and possibly the loss of those not well rooted pre- vented. Should the weather be dry, give a good watering ; this, if done effectually where the plants are mulched, will not soon require repeating. Bear in mind, one thorough good watering is more beneficial than frequent small doses. Beds may now be prepared for planting the Tea-scented, China, and Bourbon Roses, grown upon their own roots. Choose for these a warm, dry situation: let the soil be prepared at least eighteen inches deep ; it should consist of one half good rotten turfy loam, the other half equal proportions of leaf-mould, rotten manure, and sharp sand. Plant, when the weather is suitable, towards the middle or end of the month, but let the plants be previously well hardened under a north border ; protect them also for a week or two after planting, by placing a few branches of evergreens amongst them. May.—The plants will now be making consider- able progress, and every opportunity should be embraced to examine and regulate the shoots, as well as to search for and destroy insects. The advantage of planting in open and dry situations will now be apparent. In such places the plants will be nearly free, or suffer very little from the attacks of green-fly, whereas those in confined situa- tions will require almost daily attention to keep them free from this pest. Disbudding is an impor: tant operation, and can be performed whilst examin- 138 ing the plants for insects. Remove the small shoots where the heads are too much crowded, leaving the strong and vigorous shoots which are growing in a proper direction. By attending carefully to this point, additional strength is given to the plants, and the size and quality of the blooms are much improved, besides which the necessity of “ thinning” at the time of pruning is lessened. Fumigate plants in greenhouses and frames to keep down green-fly, and where mildew appears apply flour of sulphur. If this proves ineffectual, try Fowler’s Insecticide, using from two to two and a half ounces to the gallon; let the plant be syringed or otherwise well wetted with the mixture, and in a few hours after- wards syringe the plants over with clear water. Where the least sign of insect is observed upon the trees against walls, syringe frequently at night or morning, In favourable situations, towards the end of the month, many of the wall plants will be gay with flowers. Remove all suckers from the wild stock as they appear. June.—The directions given last month for the destruction of insects must be strictly attended to throughout the present month. The neglect of these precautions for only a few days may lead to the injury of many of the finest blooms. See that each plant is properly disbudded as previously directed ; also tie out the shoots of the compact and upright-growing varieties, where they are too much crowded. Where large blooms are desired, a few of the smaller buds should be thinned out with a pair of sharp-pointed scissors. Tie standard plants 139 firmly to their stakes; a high wind at this time would do injury to any not properly secured. Water recently planted beds of the Tea-scented and Chinese varieties, and all late planted Roses, should the weather be dry. Manure-water may be applied to established plants with good effect, particularly to those from which blooms are required for exhibition. Plants which were budded last summer will now be making vigorous shoots ; these must be carefully tied up as they grow, otherwise the first gust of wind will blow them out. Suckers will be numerous ; always take them off close to the stock. Juty.—The greater portion of the plants will now be in full bloom, and if the needful attention has been given to pruning a few of the hardiest varieties in the autumn, and others again early and late in the spring, a succession of bloom will be kept up until the Perpetuals commence their second flowering, by which means a continuous bloom may be had from June till November. A stroll through the Rose garden at this season is delightful in the extreme, more especially early in the morning, when every bloom is fresh with dew and untarnished by the sun’s rays. Those who have devoted time, labour, and attention to their plants will now derive the greater pleasure, and more fully appreciate their beauty. Now is the time to take notes, describing not only the flowers, but the habit and character of all new varieties. This will be found most useful at pruning time. If any plants are observed with insufficient bloom, try to ascertain the cause : with some sorts this may occur through improper pruning. 140 Note down the result produced by different manures, where applied by way of experiment. Many of the high-coloured and dwarf-growmg Bourbon Roses bloom very indifferently during the hot summer months, the colours being faint and the quality of the bloom inferior, but towards the latter part of the summer and in early autumn these are most beau- tiful. It is well, therefore, to deprive them, or at least a part of them, of their summer bloom; the plants will then be strong, and produce an earlier and finer autumnal bloom. Gather the faded flowers daily, and whilst doing so observe if any of them are infested with insects. Where it is desired to save seed, leave the earliest blooms for that purpose. Give a top-dressing of manure to the Perpetuals when the first bloom is over, and water occasionally with weak liquid manure. Avcust.—This is the best month for budding ; commence with those sorts which have made the earliest growth and have well matured shoots. Let the stocks be kept in a healthy growing state ; never bud from a scion that is not firm and well ripened ; tie with cotton, and let the ligature be loosened in about three weeks after budding. SEPTEMBER.—Let all budding be completed as soon as possible. Loosen the ligature of those already done before it cuts into the bark, and attend to the removal of suckers, etc. This is the best month for budding upon the Manetti stock. Towards the end of the month, cuttings of all hardy Roses may be put in under hand-glasses. Choose a 141 north border under a hedge or wall; let the cuttings be put in about four inches deep, and the soil pressed firmly round them. Water once or twice with clear lime water, which will keep the worms from disturbing the cuttings. Tender Roses in pots should now be put into the greenhouse, or otherwise protected from heavy rains. Continue to apply sulphur or Fowler’s Insecticide where mildew is observed, or it will very soon destroy the foliage and bloom. Ocrosprr.—Examine the stock of plants, and note those to be replaced or removed for others next month. What purchases are intended to be made, either in new or old varieties, should be determined as soon as possible, as the strongest plants are always sold out early in the season; and unless good robust plants are procured, there is little chance of having fine blooms the first season of planting. Have in readiness a quantity of loam, rotten manure, burnt weeds and sand. When alterations are contemplated, or a new Rosery is to be formed, let the ground be prepared this month ; if at all wet it must in the first place be drained, and afterwards trenched to the depth of eighteen inches or two feet, throwing the soil into ridges. Select and take up from the open ground, for potting, a few well-formed dwarf plants of good varieties ; cut them back rather hard, then place them in a cold frame, where they may remain, giving air and water as required. These plants without being forced will come into bloom towards May and the early part of June. 142 NovemBer.—Havying made the selection required, proceed with planting whenever the soil is suffi- ciently dry, but by no means let it be done when the soil is wet or heavy ; it is better to let the plants | remain in by the heels for a month or two than do this. See to the directions given for soil and planting. Remove any plant that is sickly or that does not appear to thrive properly ; examine the roots and trim them : take out all the old soil and replant in fresh soil and a small quantity of manure. Ill health may arise from various causes, such as deep planting, sour soil, too much manure, or un- healthy stock : in the latter case it would be better to throw the plant away and replace it with another. Briars for budding next season may be procured and planted this month. DrcemBer.—Let the necessary materials for pro- tecting the tender varieties be prepared and had in readiness to apply the moment that frost has fairly set in. The severe winter of 1861 proved so destructive to the tender Roses where no protection was applied, that every precaution should in future be taken to avoid a similar occurrence. If the weather continues open and dry, finish planting if possible, otherwise let it be deferred until February, Have the standards which are planted properly staked, that they may not be moved by the wind. Mulching should also be applied to newly planted Roses. It is better to put it on the surface now than in the spring. 143 A COMPLETE CATALOGUE OF ROSES. —— is T would be next to impossible for such a list to attain absolute perfection. With the assistance of lists already issued and information derived from private sources, I have endeavoured to make it the most comprehensive register of Roses yet published. Explanation of divisions of Catalogue, and of abbreviations used :— First column: Name of Rose. Second column: Class or family to which it belongs, viz., A., Alba; a.B., Austrian Briar; Ayr., Ayrshire; BK., Banksian ; Ben., Bengal ; B., Bourbon ; Bour., Boursault ; c., China; D., Damask ; D.P., Damask Perpetual; »., Evergreen; Fr., French; G., Gallica; u.a., Hybrid Ayrshire; H.c., Hybrid China; 4.N., Hybrid Noisette; u.p., Hybrid Perpetual ; H.R., Hybrid Rugosa; u.T., Hybrid Tea-scented ; Mac., Macartney; Mic., Microphylla ; M., Moss; Mult,, Multiflora; p.m., Perpetual Moss; p.s., Per- petual Scotch ; N., Noisette ; p., Polyantha; Pra., Prairie ; Prov., Provence, Rug., Rugosa ; s., Scotch ; r., Tea-scented. Third column : Name of the raiser. Fourth column : Year of introduction. Fifth column: Colour of flower. Sixth column: Relative size of flower. Seventh column: Habit of growth, viz., mod , moderate ; rob., robust ; vig., vigorous. Name. Class. Raiser. Year. Colour. S Habit. pees 3 = Abbé Berléze...........0.00-+- H.P. | Guillot fils | 1864) cerise-red 2 | vig. Abbé Bramerel ............... H.P. | Guillot fils |1871|deep crimson | 1 | vig. SEM CGEN fcr eeaise.daeter. H.P. | Ducher 1857 | rose 2 mod. AjpnevGirardin) ...4<05.eehease |B. Bernaix 1882 | rose 1 | vig. Abbe Giraudier..............., H.P. | Levet 1869 | bright rose 2 | vig. Alppeslanray iscneiscrteesaec (u.p. Trouillard | 1864] bright rose 2 | mod. Abbé Reynaud ...............| H.¢. | Guillot fils | 1863) carmine 1 | vig. Abbé Veniére wuseeeses| HP. | Guillot pére | 1867 | clear rose 2 | vig. Abd-el-Kader ............... H.P. | Verdier 1860 | bright crimson} 2 | mod. Apel Carriere” WHi..8tee-. H.p. | E. Verdier | 1875] maroon-cmson | 1 | vig. AOE TAT| .524..6.0cecever as H.P. | Damaizin 1865 | light rose 1 | vig. Abraham Zimmermann ...) H.p. | Lévéque 1879 | purple-red 1 | vig. ADRICOUEEEtLe .. 165 Name. Class. Raiser. Year. Colour. a Habit Louise Peyronny ............| H.P. | Lacharme | 1844 | rose-pink 1 | vig. Louise de Savoie ............ ce Ducher 1853 | pale yellow 1 | vig. NOIICTOLO Sales vssccecos caves Bete st Guillot 1887 | rosy red 1 | vig. TREC EOD... 0000 aan estenetaen eae Oger 1866 | salmon-rose 2 | mod. Ludovic Letaud ............ H.P. | Cherpin 1852 NATISUVASE econ ccices seas aneeaines ile De Costo 1885 | yellow 2 | vig. LNG be dgscegenbeneseeneeh oF pee Bk. rae 1827 | yellow 3 | vig. PUEMDOUTE . ..io000 cots veeess M. ae ... | crimson 2 | vig. METAS Fes vcieisiceastisveck ie H.e. | Lacharme 1871 | bright pink 1 | vig May Capucine 1... .cctsseuduces: a Levet 1871 | bright yellow | 2 | mod. MA HYISee .....0..0..0.-s00e0--/ HeP. | Vigneron tas, red: 1 | mod. Ma Pivoine Seviesaascesecsitiaes: |Moevet 1866 | purple-violet 1 | vig MIPPONCHICS...0.....0scenen0e: p.M. | Guillot pere | 1858 | spotted rose 2 | mod Ma Surprise ..................| Mice. | Guillot fils | 1872 | salmon-pink 2 | mod Ma Surprise ..... edaeometase< H.P. | Levet 1884 | red 2 | mod. Mabel Morrison............... H.P. | Broughton | 1878) white 1 | vig. MacMahon ....................| H.P. | HE. Verdier | 1872 rose 1 | mod. ING OAMD ANIA fecenssteecweoio H.p. | E. Verdier | 1877 | brilliant red 2 | vig. NPGe PAU DOM vecciecessonse)c sc M. V. Verdier | 1850} pink 2 | mod Mad. Caradori Allan ...... P. Feast 1843 | pink 2 | mod Mad. Amadieu ............... ny Pernet 1881 | rose 2 | mod. Mad. Eugene Appert ...... H.p. | Trouillard | 1865] rosy salmon 2 | vig. Mad. d’Arblay .. ............| Musk. Hs ... | white 3 | vig. Mad. Arntzenius ............| H.p. | Soup. et Not |1874| deep carmine | 1 | vig. Mad. Alphonse Aubert ...| H.p. | Fontaine 1875 | carmine-red 1 | vig. Mad. Amélie Baltet......... H.p. | E. Verdier | 1878] satiny rose 1 | vig. Mad. Charles Baltet ........| B.p. | E. Verdier | 1865 | tender rose 3 | mod. Mad. Lauriol de Barny ...| H. Trouillard | 1868 | deep rose 1 | vig. MICS AITIO Di ctsadesacietclessenss H.P. | Damaizin 1867 | carmine-rose 2 | vig. Madr Belloni: 5.26 secsieecsisisees H.P. | Pernet 1871 | tender rose 2 | mod. MiGr Beran see. cscnscadaaes oe at Levet 1870 | salmon-rose 1 | vig. Mad. Alexandre Bernaix...| u.T. | Guillot fils | 1877 | bright rose 1 | vig. Made Bernard) <2... -cas00- ne Levet 1875 | creamy rose 2 | mod. Mad. Lefebvre Bernard ...) H.p. | Levet 1871 | bright rose 1 | vig. Wilevil. IBYmUDWZA! Sor nosepb atone H.P. | Jamain 1874 | satin-rose 1 | mod Mad. Anna de Besobrassoff | H.p. | Gonod 1877 | earmine-rose 2 | mod. Mad. Martin de Bessé ...... H.P. | Granger 1866 | tinted rose 2 | mod. Mad. F. Besson......... ...+ H.P. | Besson 1882 | flesh-pink 1 | vig. Mad. Marie Bianchi......... H.P. | Guillot 1882 | lilae dy |) wae Mad. Alfred Bleu............ H.p. | E. Verdier | 1885 | rose-crimson 2 | mod. IMEEM OUR ccanssetonceatoonss H.P. | Boll 1859 | carmine-rose 1 | vig. Mad. Gustave Bonnet ..... H.P. | Lacharme 1860 | carmine-pink | 2 | mod. Mad. Gustave Bonnet ...... N. Lacharme 1864 | rose-white 3 | vig. Mad. Maxime Bonnet ...... B. Pradel 1861 | cerise-red 1 | vig. Mad. Jeanne Bouger ...... H.P. | Gonod 1877 Mad. Arséne Bouneau ...... H.p. | Bouneau wet LOSe 2 | vig. Misia IS OUDING Gi. aissc sie aneeire ee H.P. | Jamain 1861 | crimson-red 1 | vig. Mad. Jean Bowyer ......... H.P. | Gonod 1877 | rose-pink | 1 | mod. Mad. Emilie Boyau ......... H.1 Boyau 1864 | rose-flesh I |p xa: UML MOYES, 5 .oncscsteoneaay ss ny Guillot ptre | 1848 | creamy white | 1 | mod Mad. Bremond............... at Guillot fils. 1866 | deep red 2 | mod Mad. Chaté - Scipion Cochet . Adeline Cote see we eeeenee . Bruny eee! . F. Buchner . Anna Bugnet .......| . William Bull ......... . Jules Caboche ......... ¥ (Caillaticcaccette esas Camille Ae tissccsss MC aNTODELb sss. teesnceees . Canrobert BAT oca.cscssuacte eee . Louis Carique RICOALO! ., HS. copia eer se . Alfred Carriére ...... . Miolan Carvalho...... . Eugene Chambeyran. . Raoul Chandon eee eeeereeeee seneee eee eee eee eee eer meee weet ee res . Scipion Cochet etler et Gir | . Emma Combey . Contesse . Marcus Cote......... .. . Coulombier ............ . Charles Crapelet . ... . Creyton . Crozy eee eee ee rs ee ee ee es ee es . Damaizin So esesseste ulie Maran... cress o. palebelfort:seo-. . Alex. Jullien . Lacourt Jury ... . Bellenden Ker . Oswald de Kerchove. d. Knorr . Maurice Kuppenheim| . Caroline Kuster eee eet ee ce” seeres seer cares cee Ore asda Aees ene | iy hd hy . de Laboulaye ...... ..| .P. Pauline Labonte...... | T. Eugene Labruyere ... H.P. 3 Colour. Size. Mor. et Rob. 1867 | satiny rose ¢ Gonod 1875 | red-crimson Soup.et Not.| 1878 delicate rose Schwartz 1882 salmon-pink Gonod 1867 salmon-rose | Baumann /1864 bright carmine | Guillot /1851 rose-pink Lévéque 1880 sulphur-yellow Liabaud 1876 rose-carmine Lévéque 1882 rose-carmine | Margottin | 1858 blush | Hardy 1832 white a3 '1856 silvery rose | Duval /1879 | satiny rose | Plantier 1852 Ducher 1879 pale yellow | Vigneron | 1877. velvety red Jamain 1875 rich red oe 1850 blush | Mor. et Rob.| 1859 | white | Gonod 1865. rosy flesh Guillot fils | 1887 white Margottin | 1857 rosy pink Vigneron 1883 | vermilion Fontaine 1873 carmine-rose C. Verdier | 1867 lively rose Levet 1870) salmon-yellow Guillot fils | 1868) deep purple Guillot fils | 1879) yellow Soup. et Not. 1869 | white-red Ledechaux 1875 rose-carmine Guillot fils | 1869| white-yellow | Garcon 1871) light-pink | Levet 1872) orange-yellow | Guillot pere 1858 | cherry | Levet 1875 rosy salmon Jamain 1878 | silvery rose | Liabaud /1861 red-lilac _E. Verdier 1879 rose-carmine 43 . | salmon-pink |Margottin 1877 carmine-red | Vigneron 1883 rose | Guillot /1854) yellow | Levet 1872 white Guillot pere | 1866 Schwartz 1879 salmon-rose V. Verdier | 1855, blush-rose | Md. Ducher | 1877 | salmon-yellow | | Pernet 1872 orange-yellow | Liahaud 1877 | pale rose | Pradel 1852 | salmon | Gonod | 1883) salmon | | NorNrFNNe DONWENDEPNHE EPH HEN NDH HP NH HHH HEE NEPHEW DH HOw PNP NODE REP Nee 169 Name. Raiser. | Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Lacharme Lacroix Laffay ... . Marie Lagrange Lambard Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Landeau ...... Julie Lasseu Prosper Laugier ...... Laurent Alphonse Lavallée Marie Lavalley Charles Lavot Clorinde Leblond .. Lefrancois Legrand Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. ' Mad. Mad. Mad. André Leroy Louis Lévéque Levet Barthélemy Levet ... Etienne Levet Liabaud Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Lilienthal Léonard Lille... ..... H. de Luesmans.. . Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Pierre Margery Margottin Jules Margottin Galli-Marie ......... Theodore Martel .. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad, Mad Mad Massicault oo... Clement Massier Massom'c..c5.%<.!ot ee. Claire Mathieu Maurin Gabrielle Meritte Charles Meurice... . . B. du M. de Mont- chauveau | Lacharme Guillot Laffay Lagrange Lacharme Lartey Mor. et Rob. Mor. et Rob Nabonnand E. Verdier Granger E. Verdier Nabonnand Vigneron Dauvesse Oger Fontaine Trouillard Lévéque Levet Levet Levet Gonod E. Verdier Liabaud Nabonnand Soup. et Not Liabaud Liabaud E. Verdier Damaizin Lacharme Nabonnand Liabaud Liabaud Guillot fils Levet E. Verdier Ducher Lacharme Lacharme Schwartz Nabonnand Masson Vigneron Guillot pere Vigneron Lévéque fils Jamain Year. Colour. 1873 1853 1839 1883 1877 1861 1852 1873 1882 1875 1869 1878 1882 1882 1869 1869 1863 1864 1873 1869 1879 1878 1869 18738 1878 1879 1884 1867 1877 1884 1863 1852 1882 1875 1882 1866 1871 1876 1854 1853 1857 1885 1885 1854 1874 1853 1882 1878 1876 blush pale rose purple-rose carmine rosy red cerise-red bright pink light red rose bright rose rose-cerise cherry-red rose clear rose velvety red flesh-rose rose-carmine cream salmon-rose bright rose | salmon-yellow | clear yellow cerise-yellow flesh-white rose-carmine bright rose fiery red carmine bright rose delicate pink rose deep blush salmon red-rose citron-yellow rose-yellow rich rose flesh rose rose tinted wht. rose rose NEE NDH NDE NDE ENE EN NNNNNH ENE NN NHHE DDH | Size. reddish crimsn soft rose white-salmon rose-lilae velvety purple rose-pink | vig. mod. vig. mod. mod. vig. mod. mod. mod. vig. mod. vig. vig. mod. mod. mod. mod. mod. mod. mod, mod. mod. vig. vig. vig. vig. mod. vig. mod. vig. vig. mod. mod. mod. vig. vig. vig. mod. mod. vig. mod. vig. vig. vig. mod. mod. vig. | vig. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. Mad. 170 Name. Class. Raiser. Year. Colour. Monteti.....sn0seaecet H.P. | Liabaud 1880 | soft rose Guillot de Montfavet) H.p. | Gonod 1871] pale rose de Monseignat......... B. Pradel 1861] purplish cerise Grandin Monville ...| H.p. | E. Verdier | 1875] bright cerise IONE WM percep asda ApdeoUse H.P. | Gonod 1864 | deep crimson IMoneaupeascersstn-eeseer p.M. | Mor. et Rob.| 1872 | vermilion-red Anna Moreau ......... H.P. | Mor. et Rob.| 1884 | rose Leopold Moreau ...... H.P. | Vigneron 1883 | rose Viviand-Morel........ H.P. | Schwartz 1883 | carmine INACHUTY aise. sds oe H.P. | Damaizin 1873 | delicate rose Norman Neruda...... H.P. | Paul & Son | 1885 | carmine detNervalltee vesces.- - B. Gonod 1867 Céline Noirey ......... wT Guillot fils | 1868 | tender rose Womian....c.0)st.e.e: H.P. | Guillot pére | 1867 | white Biertie Oger ec .acese- B. Oger 1878 | blush Hersilie Ortgies ...... B. Mor. et Rob.} 1868 | salmon-white Edouard Ory ......... P.M. | Robert 1854 | rose-crimson Louis Paillet ........ | H.p. | E. Verdier ... | rose Thérese de Parrieu...| H.p. | Gautreau boil || Pose Georpereanl pera n H.p. | E. Verdier | 1866 | flesh-rose Marmy Paul ......... Th Marmy 1885 | yellow We Baul | steoctts u.p. | V. Verdier | 1863) purple-crimson We Paul rvs. sect: p.M. | Mor. et Rob.| 1869 | bright rose Palivert: .osdte-ssesj< |, Be Rambaux 1876 | pale pink Patiwellsyivecacns-acete- a Soup. et Not.| 1885 | yellow Isaac Pereire ......... H.B. | Margottin | 1880] vivid carmine Py Permet o...aaeetss || fe Nabonnand | 1879 | canary-yellow Auguste Perrin ...... H.N. | Schwartz 1878 | pearly rose Ernest Piard ......... H.T. | Bonnaire 1887 | bright red Francois Pettit .....|H.N. | Lacharme | 1877 | white Gustave Pierret ...... H.p. | Vigneron 1886 | rose-lilac Pitaval,, ..sebh ¥alacge. H.B. | Liabaud 1885 | red PERCD cei sapisen oarsesee H.v. | Margottin | 1854] rose-pink BlaEZ: .5-naopetes p.M. | Moreau 1864 | rose-lilac Plantier. as Ages ste H.B. | Plantier 1835 | white Vve. A. Pommery ...| H.P. | Lévéque 1883 | rose Fey Pranard ........- H.P. | Cherpin 1869 | pale rose Prudhomme) eveseehe: u.p. | Mor, et Rob.| 1872 | cerise-red de St. Pulgent ...... H.P. | Gautreau 1871) vermilion OUT csircoenase eelnes « H.e. | Ducher 1866 | deep rose RUISSANG? Gene. weapecel- H.p. | Mor. et Rob.| 1868 | rose-red MAD AUK ycete secant: H.e. | Rambaux 1883 | carmine Récamier...............| H.P. | Lacharme | 1853 | flesh-white IRGMIONG: ses ccoscsetecre TT. Lambert 1883 | yellow REEL 7 aepincs yc,5000>' H.P. | Mor. et Rob.) 1864] deep rose MELKOVSENA Songannasuad at ans Guillot pere | 1865 | coppery yellow IRTP! Syeececansenod nae H.P. | Faudon 1869 depRidder er c.nccness> | H.v. | Margottin 1871) amaranth Adélaide Ristori......) B. Pradel 1861 | cerise & fawn Rival eaiseniarsasa cess | H.p. | Gonod 1866 | tender rose Riviére...... - ........| H.C. | HE. Verdier | 1874} light rose Maurice Rivoir ......; H.p. | Gonod _1876 | Size. DH oH ee et Det pe 3 NONNMNYFRE NRF HEH NYE NNHNWHNNYFWHHYNNYPHYENNNWNH e bo bo bo Habit. vig. mod. mod, vig. rob. vig. vig. vig. mod, vig. vig. vig. mod. vig. vig. mod. vig. vig. vig. _| mod. mod. vig. mod. mod. vig mod. mod. vig. vig. mod. mod. mod. mod, vig. mod. mod. vig mod. vig. rob. vig. mod. mod. mod. mod. mod. mod. vig. vig. 171 Name. Class. Raiser. Year. Mad, Maurice Rivoire ...... H.P. | Gonod 1878 Mad. Rochet................. | H.P. | Liabaud 1883 Mad. Mxme.delaRocheterie| H.p. | Granger 1881 Mad. Marie Roederer ...... H.P. | Lévéque 1882 Mate Rocer .yiiit.ieaahaets. H.P. | Mor. et Rob. | 1877 Mad. Rolland H.P. | Mor. et Rob. | 1867 Mage Rollet 2c. saws. eas H.P. | Gonod 1875 Mad. de Forcade la Roquette| H.p. | Gautrean 1869 Mad.la Bnne.de Rothschild) H.p. | Pernet 1867 Mad. A. de Rougemont ..| H.N. | Lacharme 1862 Mad. Rougier ............... H.P. | Jamain 1874 Mad. Rousset ............... H.P. | Guillot fils | 1864 Mad. Charles Salleron ...... P.M. | Fontaine 1867 Mad. Schmitt ...............])H.P. | Schmitt 1855 Mad. Schultz N. Beluze 1856 Mad. George Schwartz ..... H.P. | Schwartz 1871 Mad. Joseph Schwartz...... T. Schwartz 1880 MGEMSCIPION. 2. 5. .-.ccsee> H.P. | Cochet 1871 Mad. de Loeben Sels_...... HP. | Soup.et Not.| 1879 Mad. Charles Sécuret ...... B. Pradel 1861 Mad. Théobald Sernin...... H.P. | Brassac 1877 MEU ETtOb! aiiiicewe sige Be Pernet 1848 Mad. de Sévigné ...... .....] B. Mor. et Rob. | 1874 Mad. Louis Seydoux ...... H.P. | Fontaine 1867 Mad. Nathalie Simon ...... H.P. | Vigneron 1883 MageMax: Singer. ..22.vas.. |i. Soup. et Not.| 1887 Madi JsSisley ....cuiss.. Ben. | Dubreuil 1885 Mad. Raphael de Smet T. Nabonnand | 1885 Mad. Sonbeyron ............ H.P. | Gonod 1872 Mati Soupert. ...).0s.c0008-- P.M. | Soup. et Not.| 1871 MadiideStacl .c.scessssos8i. P.M. oe 1858 Mad? Standish .:........0:/0. H.2. | Trouillard | 1860 Mad. E. Stchegoleff... .....| T. Nabonnand | 1882 Madi de Stella. -..c.s.cs006. B. Guillot pere | 1863 Mad. Hermann Stenger H.P. | Gonod 1864 Madi Stingue ... 0.0. da00 H.P. | Liabaua 1885 MGR SCOLTZ cncrscttiniavertss D. 53: Mad. de Tartas ...., me Bernéde af Mad. Elise Tasson ......... H.P. | Levéque 1879 Mad. John Taylor ..... a2 |UD Nabonnand | ... Mad. Olympe Terestchenko} H.p. | Lévéque 1883 Mad: Thevenot ........3...... H.P. | Jamain 1869 Magis DRETS. .. ci, ..2..ddee0e. |B Pradel =. Made Dri Hey) toscasciisvsas.. Te Levet 1869 Mad. Uharles Truffaut ..... H.P. | E. Verdier | 1878 Mad. Ambroise Truillet ...| H.p. | Moreau 1869 Mad. John Twombly ...... H.P. | Schwartz 1882 Mad. Trotter... ..............| Hc. | Granger | 1855 Mad. Trud eat tit deds cae. > | H.P. | Boll 1850 Mad. Vachez, «i312. sccetiies. UB Ducher | 1864 Mad. Valembourg............ | H.P. | Oger re Mad: Vialton....weslseaice dna. WB Nabonnand Colour. | rose-flesh rose rose rose-cerise pale rose rosy flesh rosy salmon red pale rose white-pink clear red tender rose red-crimson rose-lilac pale yellow glossy rose tlesh-rose cerise-rose salmon-pink crimson carmine-red white soft rose clear rose red yellow white rose bright rose cerise-red rosy flesh satiny rose rose bright rose bright rose red pale lemon rose cerise sulphur tinted white red rose salmon-yellow satiny rose rose-salmon bright red red rose-lilae rosy white purple pink | Size. NNNWNWHNRFHENNYNRFWNNHYNNFNNWWWNNHHENNNHHYNHFPWNHHENNMHNHHYNNHNH 172 Name. Class. Raiser. Year. Mad. Henriette Vapereau..| H.p. | Pradel bb Mad. de Vatry sisse..s520h 7 Guerin 1855 Mad. Dos Santos Vianna...) u.p. | Soup.et Not.| 1883 Mad. Guyot de Villeneuve] u.p. | Gautreau rh Mad. Charles Verdier ...... H.P. | Lacharme 1864 Mad. Eugéne Verdier ...... H.P. | V. Verdier | 1859 Mad. Eugene Verdier ...... H.p. | HE. Verdier | 1878 Mad. Eugene Verdier ...... ae Levet 1883 Mad. Victor Verdier ...... H.P. | E. Verdier | 1863 Mad: GVerlot = sees a H.p. | E. Verdier | 1876 Mad. Rival Verne .......... H.P. | Liabaud 1873 Mad. Ambroise Verschaffelt} H.p. | KE. Verdier | 1864 Mad. George Vibert ......... H.P. | Mor. et Rob.| 1879 Wileyslay \WaraWoys easerecanat cin H.P. | Couturier 1854 Mad. Vigneron .............. H.p. | Vigneron 1858 Mad. Louis Vigneron ...... H.P. | Vigneron 1883 Mad. Melanie Vigneron ...| H.p. | Vigneron 1883 Mad. de Villars ..............| P.M. | Beluze 1885 Mad. Elise Vilmorin ...... H.pP. | Levéque 1864 Mad. Henri Vilmorin ...... Ts Nabonnand | 1882 Mad. Watteville ............ Ts Guillot 1884 Mad. Julie Weidman ...... H.P. | Soup. et Not.} 1881 Mad. Welche...... ..... im Mad. Ducher| 1878 Mad. de Wettstein ........ H.P. | Levet 1885 Mad. William .............. T: Larty 1857 Mad. Mélanie Willermoz ..| 7. Lacharme 1845 Madi Walsonis...)..ccbeeee te. H.P. | Vigneron 1884 Mad. Kosalie de Wincop . | u.r. | Vigneron 1882 Mad. Charles Wood ...... .. H.P. | K. Verdier | 1861 Mad. William Wood ..... H.p. | E. Verdier |1876 Mad’ Viorkel +s H.P. | Mor. et Rob. | 1882 Mad’ Zoutman ).22.'), |p: ie es Malle, Ilona d’Adorjan ..| H.p. | E. Verdier | 1874 Mdlle. Amélie Alphen...... H.P. | Margottin | 1864 Mdlle. Juliette Alphen H.P. | Margottin | 1869 Mdlle. Amand ............ . it Lartey 1861 Mdlle. Marie Andre ......... H.P. | Soup.et Not.| 1882 Mdlle. Thérése Appert... | u.p. | Trouillard | 1866 Mdlle. Marie Arnaud ....., ip | Levet 1872 Mdlle. Louise Aunier .|H.P. | Liabaud 1884 Mdlle. Berthe Baztheral ...! u.p. | Fontaine 1869 Mdlle. H. de Beauvau ..... ies Lacharme 1886 MdllemBersier =..... 0. |0B, Pernet 1885 Madlle. Cécile Berthod ..... T. Guillot fils | 1871 Mdlle. Marie Berton ..... Gn Levet 1873 Mdlle. Camille Bigotteau..! H.p. | Vigneron 1883 Mdlle. Blanche... ........ ..| 3. Guillot fils | 1877 Mdlle. Bonnaire ... ........) H.p. | Pernet 1859 Mdlle. Suzanne Bouyer ..|H.p. | Gonod 1879 Mdlle. Alexandrine Bruel..| 'r. Levet 1885 Mdlle. Germaine Caillot .|H.7. | Pernet 1886 Mdlle. Charlotte Card ...... H.P. | Vigneron 1876 | Colour. cerise pink " ros®-carmine tender rose bright rose flesh colour silvery rose chamois bright red bright cerise salmon-rose pale rose carmine-rose flesh-white peach rose rose-lilae rose-carmine yellow tinted white salmon-rose pale yellow cerise fawn and white white-salmon rose rose-lilac rich crimson rose-red vermilion pale flesh salmon-rose rose-carmine clear rose cerise-red rose-carmine light rose canary-yellow rose rose-cerise yellow rose straw-white red-cerise rosy pink rose-white red-carmine white flesh red-cerise sulphur-yellow | RPE WRENNNNFWHNNRF HNN HNN NHYHYENNHY NYY NNNWN DPD DWH DR DDH HB He pe ee eee | Size. re Name. Class Mdlle. Marie Castel......... H P Maile. Elise Chabrier ...... H.P. Malle. Berthe Chanu ...... H.P Mdlle. Margte. Chatelaine.} B. Mdlle. Marie Chauvet ..... H.P. Malle. Louise Chrétien H.P. Mdlle Marie Closon .. .. H.P. Mdlle. Marie Cointet ..... H P. Mddle. Annie Cote ........ | H.N. Mdlle. Thérése Coumer .. | H.P. Mdlle. Héléne Croissandeau! H.P Malle. AnneMarie Danloux! H.P Mdlle. Marie Deschamps ..} H.P Mdlle. Louise Dessayre ...| B. Mdlle. Marie Digat ......... H.P. Mdlle. Margte. Dombrain..| H. P. Malle. Henriette Dubus ...| H.P. Mdlle. Dumaine ............ H.P Mdlle. Blanche Durr- 51) C1 CT bye ae Reais Bhai i Mdlle. Julie Dymonier H.P. Midiles Hmain 1.7.00 sei. B Mdlle. Loide de Falloux...| H.P. Millet Havart :.c:cecs.....s:| Be Mdlle. Emilie Fontaine. SP Hoes Mdlle. F. de la Forest...... H. Mdlle. Marie Gapnitre...... it Malle. Julie Gautain ...... H.P. Mdlle. Thérése Genevay ...| T Mdlle. Léonie Giessen...... H.P. Malle. Julie Grévy ...... H.P. MallesGodard 70... H.P. Mdlle. Marie Gonod......... H.P. Mdlle. Josephine Gyot B. Mdlle. Victoire Hélyve ...| H.P. Mdlle. Nathalie Imbert ...| 1. Mdlle. Francisca Kruger...| T. Mdlle. de Labathe ... .. . | H.P. Mdlle. Mathilde Lenaerts .| T. Malle. Alice Leroy ......... H.P Mdlle. Léa Lévéque......... H.P Mdlle. Berthe Levet......... H.P Mdlle. Thérése Levet . wee, H.P Mdlle. Gabrielle Loanville| u.p POE RUDE eas coskac ass: H.P Mdlle. Malvina .... ......... H.P Mdlle. Marguerite Manoin) H.P Mdlle. Louise Margerand...; H.P Mdlle. Jeanne Marix ...... H.P Mdlle. Lydia Marty......... | HAP. Malle. Henriette Matthieu n.?. Malle. Claire Merle .........| Raiser. E. Verdier Gautreau Fontaine Vigneron Besson Liabaud EK. Verdier Guillot fils Guillot fils Liabaud Vigneron Vigneron Pradel Pradel Levet E. Verdier Fontaine Pernet Guillot fils Gonod Pernet Trouillard EK. Verdier Fontaine Margottnfils Nabonnand Liabaud Levet Lacharme Gautreau Gonod Touvais EK. Verdier Nabonnand Nabonnand Bernéde Levet Trouillard E. Verdier Cochet Levet Pradel Guillot pére Lartay Fontaine Liabaud Liabaud Liabaud Vigneron Nabonnand /| Colour. _cherry-red tender rose rose-carmine pale rose rose rose-salmon tender rose bright rose lilac-white bright rose rose rosy white pink tinted white crimson satiny rose purplish crimsn tender rose pink pale rose rosy white pale rose rose strip’d wte purple-crimson rose-pink salmon-yellow rose peach-pink rosy white deep red lilac-rose white bright red tender rose salmon yellow-rose bright rose rosy white delicate rose rose rose 3 | brilliant rose coppery rose rosy white red cerise-purple tender rose deep rose rose-lilac satin rose rose WNNHHEHHNNHENNNNNNNHNNHNDHE HEED HENNE DND NHN NNNDHHE HEN NHHHE DD L 174 Size. Name. Class. | Raiser. Year. Colour, Habit. Mdlle. Hélene Michel......) H.p. | Vigneron 1854 | rose | 2 | vig. Mdlle. Marguerite Michou| H.p. | Vigneron 1883 | red 2 | mod. Mdlle. Marie Moreau ...... Ben. | Nabonnand | 1879} bright rose 2 | mod. Mdlle. Annette Murat...... . Levet 1885 | yellow 3 mod. Mdlle. Jeanne Naudin ..... T. Nabonnand | 1878 | bright rose 2 | mod. Mdlle. Claudine d@’Offroy...| H.p. ; Touvais 1861 | clear red 1 | vig. Malle. Julie Pereard ...,..| H.p. | Pernet 1872 | rose 1 mod. Malle. Leonie Persain ...... H.P. | Fontaine 1864 | silvery rose 2 mod. Mdlle. Gabrielle de Pey- | POM Ger sete ataseaie setae hide H.p. | Lacharme | 1863) bright rose 2 | mod. Mdlle. Lazarine Poizeau ...| T. Levet 1876 | orange-yellow | 2 | vig. Malle. Portier ............ | H.P. | Guillot pere | 1864 pale rose 2 | mod. Mdillle. Rachel ~............- | 'T- Damaizin 1860 yellow 2 mod, Mille Rachelle en o.---- naw Bs Beluze 1841 white 3 mod. Mdlle. Marie Rady ... H.p. | Fontaine 1865 | bright red 1 | vig. Mdlle. Caroline Riquet B. Lacharme | white 2 | mod. Mdlle. Suzanne KRodoca- | | TEEN e vr'ssntcey uiseenet H.p. | E. Verdier | 1880 rose-carmine 1 | vig. Mdlle. Marie Rodocanachil #.p. Lévéque 1884 | rose 2 mod. Malle. Marie Roe ........... H.P. | Liabaud 1875 , rose-purple 1 | vig. Mdlle. Berthe Sacavin ..... H.P. | E. Verdier : satin rose | 2 | vig. Mille. Eugénie Savary ...| H.P. | Gonod 1872 | flesh-white | 2 | mod. Mdlle. Catherine Soupert ..| H.p. | Lacharme 1879) delicate rose 1 | vig. Malle. Clothilde ier ns Levet 1884 | rose-carmine 1 | vig. Malle. Feélicité Truillot B. E. Verdier | 1861) rose 2 | vig. Mdlle. Emilie Verdier...... H.P. | F. Verdicr ... | carmine 2 | vig. Mdlle. Eugénie Verdier ...| H.p. | Guillot fils | 1869) flesh-rose (hy De} valet. Mdlle. Eugénie Verdier ...| P.M. | Schwartz 1872) crimson-red 1 | vig. Mdlle Marie Verdier ..... | H.p. | E. Verdier |1875) bright rose 1 | vig. Malle. Marie Verlot ..... .. | H.P. | EK. Verdier | 1884/ rose 2 | mod. Malle. Marie Villeboisnet .| H.p. | Trouillard | 1866 tender rose 1 | vig. Mdlle. Sophie Viileboisnet) H.p. | Touvais 1867 | rose 2 | mod. Mdlle. Brigitte Violet.... | u.r. | Levet 1878 | rose-salmon 1 | vig. Mdlle. Eugenie Wilhelm ... H.p. | Soup. et Not.| 1873) amaranth 2 | mod. Madeline Nonin ........ ...| H.P. | Ducher 1866 | salmon-rose 2 | mod. Madeline de Vauzelles . ...| B. Vigneron 1882 tender rose 1 | mod. Mafilatre | Hees ||| Oger oe '| ted. 2 | vig. Magna Oharta ............6. Heba |) Wal 1876, carmine-pink | 1 | vig. Maiona Osean. sera teense |) HECe sla | blush 3 | vig. Malmaison Rouge........ ... B. Gonod 1880 red 1 | vig. Marcel Grammont H.P. | Vigneron 1868 deep red 1 | vig. Marcelin Rhoda ah Ducher 1872 | white-yellow | 1 vig. Marcell an sigma. ossasstqoitaas H.P. | Liabaud 1865 salmon-rose 2 mod. Marchioness of Exeter ..... HP. | Laxton 1877 | cherry-rose 1 | vig. Maréchal Bazaine............ H.P Defaure 1864 | rose-carmine 2 | vig. Maréchal Bugeaud ......... [ae ans ... | bright rose 1} vig. Maréchal Canrobert...... .. H.P. | Pernet 1863, Maréchal Forey........... ... H.P. | Margottin 1864 red-crimson 1 | vig. Maréchal Niel ..... ... .....| N. Pradel | 1864 deep yellow 1 | vig. Marechal Niele (ieee re.. H.P. Pee jun. | 1861 clear rose 1 | mod, Maréchal du Palais ......... B. Beluze | 1845 Maréchal Robert ............ its Mad. Ducher 1875 pale lemon 1 vig. Name. Maréchal Souchet..... ...... Maréchal Souchet ........... Maréchal Vaillant ........ Margarita Marguerite... Marguerite de St. ‘Amand. Marguerite Anjou Marguerite d’Anjou Marguerite Bonnet Marguerite Brassac ... Marguerite Jamain Marguerite Lecureux Marguerite Marchais Marguerite de Roman Marie’ Accary,,..c...< seacqes Marie Aviat Marie Baumann ........... Marie de Blois ..... 5 Marie Boisse Marie de Bourgoyne......... Marie Bremond..............: Marie Charge...............+ Marie Cordier Marie Debeaux Marie Débourges ..... encoding Marie Ducher Marie Duncan Marie Guillot oe perce e teh eee eeeeas sae eeeree eoetee sere ere tet eeeeee eee ee ee eeeeee seme eereeeeeee see eee n ee eee Mame Warpin...20..:...0r0.s: | Marie Leonida Marie Louise Margerand... Marie de Medicis Marie Opoix .. ssime enya Marie Louise Pernet........ Marie Perrachon ............ Marie Portemer............... Marie Rambaux Marie de Caroline Sartoux ...... Marie Sislev Marie Theresa ............... Marie (Diienty alr. carsea tes | Marie Louise de Vitry...... Marietta de Besobrasoff .... Mariette Biottey MR OMS ta... -preecsreatenenss | Marquis Balbiano............ Marquise de Castellane ..., teen eewenes de i 175 Class Raiser. Year. | Colour. H.P. | Damaizin 1863 rose-carmine H.p. | Guillot fils | 1863) crimson H.p. | Jamain 1861 purple-crimson N. Guillot fils | 1868 yellow ae Guillot fils | 1868) bright yellow H.P. , Sansal 1864 | light pink H.P. | Boyau 1847 | satin-rose u.F. | Trouillard | 1862 | red edgd. white B. Liabaud 1864 | flesh-white H.P. | Brassac 1875 | velvety carmine H.p. | H. Jamain / 1873 flesh-rose a.p, | Cherpin 1853 | carmine z. Nabonnand | 1878 | coppery yellow H.P. | Schwartz 1883 | flesh N. Guillot fils | 1872) rose-yellow H.P vase | 1856 | lilac-rose H.P. | Baumann 1863 | carmine-crimsn M. Mor. et Rob.| 1852 | rose H.P, | Oger - 1864 | pale rose p.M. | Mor. et Rob.| 1854 | deep rose ap Guillot fils | 1866 purple-red N. be shaded yellow H.P. | Fontaine ... | red-carmine T. Guillot 1846 H.P, | Cherpin 1853 Ts Ducher 1868 | clear rose H.P. | Lacharme 1872 | tender rose An Guillot fils | 1873 | white-yellow ap Ducher 1871 | white-yellow at Mad. Ducher| 1877 | rose H.P. | Liabaud 1854 | | H.P.. | Pradel 1861 | cerise & purple B. Guillot fils | 1867 | delicate rose Mac at ... | white H.P. | Liabaud 1876 ns ote ... | fawn T. Schwartz 1374 | white-yellow H.P. | Pernet 1876 | bright rose H.P. | Ducher 1864 | violet-purple H.P. | Portemer 1858 | purplish red Ts Rambaux 1879 | canary-yellow 7 Nabonnand | 1882] white w,. im Guillot fils | 1868 | yellow-white H.P. | Ducher 1872 | pale rose H.P as 1858 | lilac-rose H.P. | Masson 1856 | rosy carmine rT Nabonnand | 1876 | rose-carmine H.P. | Gonod 1875 | satiny rose (se ure ... | erimson | B. Lacharme 1855 | silvery rose H.P. ) Pernet 1869 | bright rose PFNmNWwWNNNHbD-F bd MPWNWNWWHNNHH WH HY Epo eH bY ee BDH DOHMH HE Doe pepe 176 Name. Marquise de Chambon Marquise de Gibot Marquise d’Hervey ......... Marquise de Lingeris ....... Marquise de McMahon Marquise de Mortemart ...| Marquise de Murat ......... | Marquise Adéle de Murinais Marquis of Salisbury Marquis de Sanima ......... Marquise de Verdun seeee) Marshall P. Wilder .. A Many, Bennetts isnises-> oe ‘Grimwood ‘1777 white 2 ‘mod 187 Size. Ce ee ee ed WO DO OO WO NO OS) bo eet et DOD OO YS re Db Name. Class. Raiser. | Year. Colour. | Unique Jaune ............. N. Mor. et Rob.) 1872 | red-yellow | Vainqueur de Goliath .. u.p. | Pernet 1872 | cherry-red | Welide o.oo... ie s.| Be. | Laffay 1858 | rosy carmine | Vallée de Chamounix ..... | T. Ducher 1872 coppery | Vandermersch Mertens ...| T. | Nabonnand | 1882! yellow Vase d’Election ......... | H.p. | Ducher /1864 clear rose | Vaucanson woe as. | HP. | Schwartz | 1871] vinous red Velours Pourpre .... ..... |H.p. | E. Verdier | 1866 | velvety purple | Vicomte Maison ... H.p. | Fontaine | 1868 | cerise-carmine | Vicomte Vigier ............!H.p. | V. Verdier | 1861} violet-red | Vicomtesse de Cazes ..... Salat | Pradel | 1844 | deep yellow Vicomtesse Folkestone H.T. | Bennett 1886 | pink Vicomtesse de Montesquieu) H.p. | Quetier 1861 | flesh | Vicomtesse du Terrail ...... B Vigneron 1884 | flesh Vicomtesse de Vezins ....| H.p. | Gautreau 1868 | bright rose | Wsetorle Bihan . ......... H Guillot pere | 1859} rose-carmine | Victor Emmanuel ........ .|B Guillot pere | 1867 | purple-crimson Wiebar Ego wesc cccseee sot H.p. | Schwartz 1885 | crimson Victor Puillat ....., sRekinust es Ducher 1870 | yellow-white | Victor Trouillard ........... H.p. | Trouillard | 1855 | deep crimson Victor Trouillard pére ...... H.p. | Trouillard | 1868 | violet-red ~ Victor Verdier ..............| H.P. | Lacharme 1859 | rose-carmine Victor Verne ...........|H.P. | Damaizin 1871 | deep red Victorine Helfenbein ...... H.P. | Guillot 1851 Wallace Maid |... sccccsc.. la. ... | white, red stpd Villaret de Joyeuse ...... H.P, | Damaizin 1874) carmine-rose Ville de Clamart ............ H.pP. | Fontaine 1879 | bright rose Walkera R Myon 14) acesus ss H.P. | Ducher 1866 | silvery rose Vincent Duval ............ H.P. | Duval | 1879 | rosy carmine Violette Bouyer ............ H.p. | Lacharme | 1882) flesh Ward Horalss asc0cchestewatante Cc. Bas | ... | green Virgile ... .. ...........000.--| HP. | Guillot pére | 1871 | salmon-rose AT?E 0 EA ee ee H.p. | Lacharme | 1858) white Viscountess Falmouth ..... H.T. | Bennett | 1878 | rose-pink Watvrdis.<) cos. satendugersccst H.B. | W. Paul 1853 | bright red HCE bos. 055 ccporecser ce | B. Lacharme 1852 velvety crimsn. | WWitleain)....-<-2.--0<5c----se..-| HeP; | Ve Verdier’ | 1850) purple-red | Waltham Climbers, Nos. 1, 2, 3} u.r. | W. Paul &Sn.! 1885 | crimson White Baroness .....,...... H.P. | Paul & Son 1882] white White; Bathing ies. | vig. POSH 22 a ee ae sas 11824 yellow 2 mod. Ye Primrose Dame ......... i Bennett /1886 yellow 2 | vig. Yolande d’Aragon .,.......| H.P. | Vibert /1843 lilac-rose 2 ‘mod. York & Lancaster.......... Saws ‘ . ved&whitestpd 2 vig. H. M Pourerr & Co., Horticultural Piinters, Faun Street, Aldersgate Street, London, B.C, Tip} 2 fo! me v ) ip ‘ al yt ; i eRe +> id ' Ue ’ é ‘ J F F iT ty Vy iii i i < a nh hcl t / Gd Ae oe ee nh AP pate ree at ae + fis Aw «ef ne gi. (Hae : cAahiiiet r Op Ve : id ‘ ut Absaen(h TA? Tit i tae ah : ( e, ! q Hay A ; a hae , ; iy \ a air " a See oe oa ve ~ haat fj ; aan 4 dent wer bd ee | ae 4 aS