DAIRYING IN MISSOURI PUBLISHED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE MISSOURI COMMISSION LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION ST. Louis, Missourt1, 1904 BY THe DAIRY DEPARTMENT D. P. SUROUP, Chatyman W W. MARPLE, Superintendent KANSAS CITY F. P. BURNAP STATIONERY AND PRINTING CO. 1g04 ) a ot sry [Me MISSOURI COMMISSION LOUISIANA PUR@HASE EXPOSITION M. T. Davis, Prestdent, Springfield F, J. Moss, Vice President, St. Joseph B. H. Bonrogry, Secretary, Unionvilje J. H. Hawrnorne, Treasurer, Kansas City L, F. Parker, St. Louis Dd N i . P. Srrour, Norborne . H. Gentry, Sedalia . O, Attison, New London DEAT RY IN G q|HE history of dairying in Missouri is | not unlike that of other countries. It’s a story of early obscurity and future prominence. It’s an old story and yet like the old, old story of love that for six thousand years has been whispered in the ears of millions of willing listeners, and millions more of impatient, anxious mortals are waiting for it to be told over and over again to them, it is ever refreshing and acceptable to all of the people of some countries and some of the people of all countries. Since the persistent wandering of a nation of people, thousands of years ago, for forty years in the wilderness, to keep from getting into a dairy country where they would have to milk, history has repeated itself many times and the favorable conditions that have existed in different sections for doing a profitable dairy business has been dis- regarded for the promotion of some other branch of agriculture less profitable. Like all other countries engaged in dairying, Missouri required a practical illustration of the benefits to be derived from an active interest in this particular branch of agriculture, before the [NeMISSOURI industry was nurtured and fostered to any great extent. The resources of Missouri were so varied and so extensive and pronounced in all of them, the faithful Missouri cow was neglected for the mule. Missouri The production of milk was neglected for the raising of beef. The manufac- ture of butter was of no consequence compared with the raising of corn. Instead of cheese factories, the country abounded in tobacco barns. Finally the people of this great commonwealth ‘‘ were shown.” Their attention was called to the fact that this was the best climate in the world for obtaining the greatest results in dairying; that Mis- souri possessed the most luxuriant growth of grass and the best quality of any State in the Union; that our country was well watered, and that all of the conditions were favorable for making this an ideal dairy country in which the business might be carried on with a greater profit than in any other country. The evidence was sufficient and in three or four years Missouri grass was being converted into milk, Missouri milk was being made into butter and cheese. The cattle on a thousand hills were high grade milk cows. The wonderful crops of grain and roughness (suitable for the production of milk) that never failed was sold to the highest market in all the country, and sold for cash to the Mis- souri mortgage lifter, the faithful dairy cow. The outcome of this dairy sentiment and the inaugu- ration of this business was the establishment of modern creameries in Missouri, among them the largest creamery in the world, the building of dairy barns, of which Missouri boasts the finest in the world, the erection of silos, the changing of corn land into pastures, the breeding of better stock, the making of better roads, the building of better houses, the beautifying and adorning of rural homes, and the encouragement of an enormous immigration by those people engaged in dairying, seeking the country where the largest amount of milk could be produced at the least cost and with the least labor. The Missouri farmer had carefully considered With his characteristic, conservative he the proposition thoroughly and, when his mind was the matter. and careful disposition, investigated settled, when he decided that dairying was the thing, he went at it right, and by his actions he ‘¢We imitation.” said, will set an example worthy of He accepted up-to-date methods. He bought He bred for butter, for milk, or for cheese, according to the demands of his the best cows. 4 particular market. The men who lived close to St. Louis, Hannibal, Kansas City, or St. Joseph, and other cities, and were willing to sell all of their milk, prepared to furnish their respective places with milk for family use, and the conse- quences—Train loads of good, pure, unadulterated milk may be seen going into the larger cities, and car loads and wagon loads into the smaller places every morning. The pure quality of this milk increased the consumption, and with the increased demand the price got better and the dairyman felt compensated for early rising and for the work necessary to prepare his product for market. The man who lived farther from market, and the man who wanted his milk to raise calves and pigs, the man that used to be entirely left because In the new He was provided with a good market, and every day of his location, was not forgotten. order of things he was well taken care of. the roads were lined with light wagons that glistened with milk cans full of good, rich cream on its way to the nearest railroad station, to be shipped to some large centralized creamery in Kansas City, St. Joseph, Hannibal, or some other enterprising Missouri city. The cream was taken out of the milk while fresh, and Thousands of hand separators were sold. the clean, warm skim milk was used to raise good calves ; and Missouri became a wonderful example of the many profits in dairying. Missouri sunshine, Missouri water, Missouri grass, Missouri feed, is all being used to produce milk, out of which an immense amount of butter and cheese is being made and the by-products go The size of Mis- souri, its climate, its location, the favorable con- to raise calves and make pork. ditions, all go to make it the future ‘‘ Promised Land” of America, the central butter market of the world. Missouri has 750,000 to 800,000 dairy cows, and at the same time has sunshine and water and grass and feed and room enough to support 10,000,000. Missouri’s experiment station, which is in con- nection with the State University at Columbia, has a dairy building second to none in the United States, and the influence of the work done there is being felt to a marked degree all the time. Some remarkable records have been made by Missouri dairymen. Among these might be men- tioned Mr. Coleman, of Pettis county, who ayer- aged from seven cows, in 1903, 400 pounds of but- ter each. He fed the skim milk to hogs, and after paying for all the feed given to his cows and hogs, he had a net profit of $850 from the proceeds. A Nodaway county man reports making $6,000 in six years on forty acres in the dairy business, and started absolutely without any capital. Goodrich Bros., of Henry county, have a herd of thirty cows that average 375 pounds of butter a year. Mr. Koontz, of Jasper county, has a herd of twenty-five to thirty cows that has averaged for several years nearly 400 pounds of butter a year. Hosmer & Son, of Marshfield, has a herd of seventy-five cows that averaged them last year over 350 pounds of butter, one cow making 560 pounds. Mr. Schelpman, of Greene county, realized last year from his herd of twenty-five cows over $125 a head. Besides these there are hundreds of others of the same kind of records, all of which go to show the adaptability of Missouri for successful dairy- ing, and is sufficient explanation of why so much interest is being taken in the business all over the state. This interest is universal because the entire state is adapted to dairying. There is no section where conditions are unfavorable, and there is no section that to any marked degree possesses advantages over the rest of the state. Missouri as a whole is a dairy state, and the possibilities in every county for the production of milk in large quantities at a minimum cost, are unsurpassed anywhere in the world. The peculiar conditions that exist in Missouri ONE AND ONE-HALF MILLION PEOPLE IAVE SEEN THIS EXHIBIT AND PRONOUNCED Ve WONDERFUL. MISSOURI'S BUTTER EXHIBIT, ip) <3] (4 =) oO aaa & LIFE SIZE AND ARE MADE OF SOLID BUT R hE ST QUALITY. BE PURCHASE EXPOSITION. favorable to the dairyman makes him fearless of competition, because he knows there is no country where they can produce a pound of butter cheaper than he can here This is not all that interests him. He is convenient to a good market. The very large manufacturing, commer- cial, and railroad interests of Missouri, her educational advantages as shown in Academies, almost without Seminaries, and Universities number, together with the advantages of a good more. . 1 N FIISSOURI’S butter exhibit at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition is the greatest exhibit in its line the world ever saw and is regarded as one of the prominent attractions at this most wonderful World’s Fair. The Missouri Commission expended in the in- stallation of this exhibit nearly ten thousand dol- lars and it is not only of wonderful magnitude, but shows in every detail the workmanship of a master artist. It tells a story that has not only interested those who have seen it, but in addition has impressed those interested with the import- ance of this branch of agriculture. Hundreds of healthy climate, have all gone to make a large population in our towns and cities. These are all consumers and each additional one has increased the outlet and improved the market for the producer. Besides this, Missouri’s market for dairy products is enhanced because of its proximity to a section where the resources of the people are in other lines, and where they depend on some other country for their butter and cheese. beau Tf. FER thousands of people have seen this exhibit and the verdict has been universally the same—‘‘A wonderful exhibit.” Hundreds of people have expressed themselves as being fully compensated for the expense of a trip to the World’s Fair in this exhibit alone, even by some as far away as London, England; Edinburgh, Scotland, and Gouda, Holland. In this impressive story so beautifully told in butter, through the skill of the sculptor, Mr. Neilsen of St. Louis, there is more than appears on the face of it. Like a western mirage, there is reflected a wonderful and attractive picture in which can be seen a country that has reached the highest state of agricultural development ; and a million and a half people on the farm enjoying all the with prosperity and success, as well as two millions of comforts and luxuries that come people in the cities of Missouri being furnished with the purest dairy products fresh from the farm and the factory. This picture has been engraved on the tablet of the memory of those who have seen it, never to be effaced or grow dim. And as they go to their homes in every quarter of the globe, its influence will be felt and it will always be a reminder that a cordial welcome and a happy home awaits those who desire to cast their lot and spend their lives in a land of milk and honey. In making a very liberal appropriation for the Dairy Department at the World’s Fair, the Mis- souri Commission had in mind strictly a dairy exhibit; not only a work of art to be admired by the hundreds of thousands that would see it, but to impress our people with the importance of this branch of agriculture, tell our visitors what was being done now and show to the world the won- derful possibilities and golden opportunities along this line in the great commonwealth of Missouri. Their work in this direction has been completed. The great crowds of people who have seen this exhibit and into whose hands this little pamphlet may fall, must decide whether or not their effort has been in vain. Your decision will be final and your verdict will be satisfactory. The central figure in this exhibit is designed to represent ‘‘ Ceres,” the Goddess of Agriculture, holding a sickle in her hands, and to complete the group, on either side is a model of the high- est type of dairy cows. The one on the right represents the Jersey breed, and is modeled from a famous cow of Dr. Still’s, at Kirksville, Mis This cow was entered in the World’s Fair She was sold Mon- day, September roth, for $2,350.00, to a resident souri. stock show and won a prize. of New York. This cow’s head and neck is resting on a sheaf of wheat and her nose is in the lap of “«Ceres.”” On the top of her neck the left arm of the goddess is supported. As an evidence of the work done by the artist as shown in the perfect likeness of this cow, the children of the owner of the original when they saw this model, recognized it as their cow and called it by name. The cow on the left represents the Holstein breed, and is modeled from a very famous cow of M. E. Moore’s, at Cameron. This cow was in the test at the World’s Fair and made 270 pounds of butter in ninety days. The owner of the original of this model pronounced this a perfect like- ness or reproduction. This entire exhibit is made of solid butter, abso- lutely pure, there being used over 3,000 pounds. This is one of the remarkable features of the exhibit, as the usual way is to make the statues out of something else, and cover them with butter. The butter out of which this exhibit is made is the product from 75,000 pounds of milk, or 9,000 gal- lons, which would be equal to an average milking from 6,000 cows, On the walls of this space an impressive story is told of the progress made in dairy methods and the manner of handling the raw material, in frieze work. ered several inches thick with butter, and the figures used are made in bold relief. Commencing at the left on the end space is the figure of a woman churning with the old-fashioned churn. In the next corner is a woman skimming a pan of milk on which the cream has raised by the old gravity process. ‘This ‘the 0? The milk out of which this cheese was made was purchased milking from 3,000 ordinary cows. from 150 dairymen. It is seven feet in diameter and was put into the case where it is now on ex- hibition in the original hoop in which it was pressed. ‘This case is made exactly the same as the butter case and the temperature is held at about 35 to 4o degrees.