TOTTI) COC ery, es RR CUES RCE = = S252 a VV GUAtEs 4 Vy ‘ 7 x ; bgt BRSIONS Siete em eee eS FSIS a re SMS ee aM xf } ROC Ba att Ratner ANd rane moth atch he + 4) lon na Pomoy eat SOE N ) a4 y r i Bat y Oy ——s MO a ELA Sear er Py MY AY (ie very ARS i 7 _ : - : : 6 2 - - = < * 1 i F ~ : * - - - ue ra = ei _ z _ .. x ¥ a 7 2a ' ’ ' : 4 ce o D = = Mat Mas e Fishes a a lar eg EES AQUATIC RESOURCES OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. BY DAVID STARR JORDAN AND BARTON WARREN EVERMANN. Secuons liz tn hy Db PSEA lS Bue Se BY CHARLES HENRY GILBERT, Ph. D NS Extracted from Bulletin of the U, 8, Fish Commission for 1903. Plates 66 to 101. Part II, Pages 575 to 713. IssuED AuGusr 5, 1905. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1905. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. BLACK-AND-WHITE PLATES. Facing page. Plate 66. Etmopterus Mer (CHS i eee Sac e OR Ieee Cree See ose ceEcenoesie cee ahem Drawing by W. S. Atkinson from the type, No.51583, U.S.N.M., a specimen 6.75 inches long, collected at tae 3824, off the south coast of Molokai, by the Albatross in 1902. Plateio7 io temonidiumehypomelas (nll berte. =. <2~ owes eles eee ee eee ee ceie- a2 Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51550, U.S.N.M., a specimen 5.7 inches long, collected at station 4176, vicinity of Niihau Island, by the Albatross in 1902. Plates stem biapbustadenomusiGil beth seme mse atee ae ater ein = see aaa nls aaa Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks. from the type, No. 51588, U.S.N.M., a specimen 6.2 inches long, collected at station 4106, in the Kaiwi Channel between Oahu and Molokai, by the Albatross in 1902. Platei68; fie.2. Myctophumimargarntatum Gilbert 22. 22222 en ee en cae e neces eae cnnn Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51536, U.S.N.M., a specimen 3.2 inches long, collected at station 3930, off the south coast of Molokai, by the Albatross in 1902. Plate 69, fig. 1. Centrobranchus cheerocephalus Fowler_._.........-..----------------------- Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from a specimen 1.6 inches long, collected at station 3980, south of Oahu Island, by the Albatross in 1902. Plate Gone Centrobranchus;pracilicaudus: Gilbert:.-.---=---=-22--.3.--22 feces ccoeeeeene Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51518, U.S.N.M., a specimen 1.3 inches long, collected at station 4145, west of Niihau Island, by the Albatross in 1902. elabewO spas viyctophimibraveni Deriee a ncn. 25 ae eee oe eae ue ee ee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51527, U.S.N.M., a specimen 2.2 inches long, collected at station 3980, south of Oahu Island, by the Albatross in 1902. Myctophum lutkeni Gilbert on plate. Plate 70, fig. 2. Myctophum evermanni Gilbert Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 4 S.N.M., a specimen 1.1 inches long, collected at station 3980, south of Oahu Island, by the Albatross in 1902. Plater iemionwian Cy clothonerhodadeniai Gilbert, .--a-: «2+ 2s2)s\sa2 = se ee ee se eee Drawing by W. 8. Atkinson from the type, No. 51584, U.S.N.M., a specimen 8.12 inches long, collected at station 4108, in Kaiwi Channel, by the Albatross in 1902. platen Cyc lothonercaninauGill bert=o-- «52. o-.> -- ce oe = eee oa. See ee Drawing by W. S. Atkinson from the type, No. 51545, U.S.N.M., a specimen 2.5 inches long, collected at station 4005, vicinity of Kauai Island, by the Albatross in 1902. latewilupeowAstronesthesiiciier Gilbertes == 26-62... osi--eacm oem ad aeecienis = sae eeeeeeee Drawing by W.S. Atkinson from the type, No. 51516, U.S.N.M., a specimen 2.8 inches long, collected at station 4026, vicinity of Kauai Island, by the Albatross in 1902. Rte ao ep Axecy ro pelecis heath) pertes--. =< - <<< < «2 -< cesmeeene pete eee eee Drawing by W. S. Atkinson from the type, No. 51632, U.S.N.M., a specimen 1.5 inches long, collected at station 4107, between Oahu and Molokai, by the Albatross in 1902. MA LeHi2 up eee yClothone atrarial GilbeNbs =. a. an-< coe ooc.- -~ cee ee ee oe eee ene eee ee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 52055, U.S.N.M., a specimen 2.13 inches long, collected at station 4187, vicinity of Kauai Island, os oe Albatross in 1902. iil 580 586 592 592 594 598 602 602 602 * 606 606 Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Facing page. 72, fig. 3. Leptostomias macronema (Gilbert Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 52056, U.S.N.M., a specimen 2.8 inches long, collected at station 4177, vicinity of Niihau Island, by the A/batross in 1902. (Ss eeoOlyipnu senuttin ots Gal Wer tie sa eee eee ae ae ee ae Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51599, U.S.N.M., a specimen 3.3 inches long, collected at station 4088, Pailolo Channel, by the A/batross in 1902. (4¢Halosauropsis jkauaiensis; Gillbertes-= os eects seen eee ee eee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51612, U S.N.M., a specimen 26 inches long, collected at station 4018, vicinity of Kauai Island, by the Albatross in 1902. Aldrovandia kauaiensis on plate. (os Elalosauropsis verticalis! Gilbert essen tea. Stee ree seer cacase eee. 6 aeee ee eee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51645, U.S.N.M., a specimen 10 inches long, collected at station 4141, vicinity of Kanai Island, by the A/batross in 1902. Aldrovandia verticalis on plate. 76.) Halosauropsis! proboscidea Gilbert esses ee ee eee eee oe eae eee eee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51614, U.S.N.M., a specimen 17 inches long, collected at station 4111, between Molokai and Oahu islands, by the Albatross in 1902. Aldrovandia proboscidea on plate. 77, fig. 1. Melamphaes unicornis (Gilbert BD Drawing by R. L. Hudson from the type, No. 51517, U.S.N.M., a specimen 1.38 inches long, collected at station 4142, in the vicinity of Kauai, by the A/hatross in 1902. g, Drawing by W. 8. Atkinson from the type, No. 51587, U.S.N.M., a specimen 3 inches long, collected at station 3875, in Avau Channel, between Maui and Lanai, by the Albat- ross in 1902. 77, fig. 2. Chromis leucurus Gilbert (Ss Polymixiat bern dt Gil ber ties sree rece te ae ener are re ae ee ee eae Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51607, U.S.N.M., a specimen 8 inches long, collected at Honolulu by the Albatross in 1902. (9nektynnodus,atherinoides| Gilbert sao2-2 +e 2 ee se eee ee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51601, U.S.N.M., a specimen 4.7 inches long, collected at station 38867, Pailolo Channel, by the Albatross in 1902. SOsno wd gAntizoniayeos!Gilberti-2 este eee aise cose cee aa ee een Oe ee eee Drawing by R. L. Hudson from the type, No. 51593, U.S.N.M., a specimen 3.3 inches long, collected at station 4102, Pailolo Channel, by the Albatross in 1902. 80; fies? dGyttomimus steleiskGilbertie: -- 6) ee eo ee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51622, U.S.N.M., a specimen 3.65 inches long, collected at station 4122, off the south shore of Oahu, by the Albatross in 1902. SieeLeenianotus;citrinellussGillbert soaaseene see cee seats eee ee ee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51634, U.S.N.M., a specimen 4 inches long, collected at station 3849, off the south coast of Molokai, by the AJbatross in 1902. SZeBembradium troseum, Gilbert... eas teseee oe cee ea ele tee eee Drawing by C. B. Hudson from the type, No. 51617, U.S.N.M., a specimen 8 inches long, collected at station 3859, Pailolo Channel, by the Albatross in 1902. Bembradium roseus on plate. So wNcopercistroseoviridis Gilbert eee aerate ee ate ee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51650, U.S.N.M., a specimen 3 inches long, collected at station 4077, off the northeast coast of Maui, by the Albatross in 1902. Saab embropssiilitera Gilbert; Sesesee nena: oe ee ne eee ee ee eee ee eee Drawing by Chloe Lesley Starks from the type, No. 51613, U.S.N.M., a specimen 9 inches long, collected at station 4080, off the northeast coast of Maui Island, by the Albatross in 1902. 606, 610 612 612 612 614 614 616 618 622 622 642 644 Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate Plate LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. at Facing page. RoMECHrOne Mm acchey SEresi Gri DE Gime see ee ee eee ee een 646 Drawing by C. B. Hudson from the type, No. 51655, U.S.N.M., a specimen 8 inches long, collected at station 3813, off the south coast of Oahu Island, by the A/batross in 1902. Some Chrionemarsquamicepsi Gill berth. etc ee FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 617 broad bands; both upper and lower margins of suborbital bones, preopercle, and subopercle minutely serrated; gill-rakers long, 4+9 in number; anterior portion of dorsal fin sharply falcate, longest ray twice length of fifth spine; ventrals extending but halfway to vent; upper caudal lobe apparently longer than lower. Scales much larger than in P?. japonica, although the number of pores in the course of the lateral line is about the same. Snout and a narrow strip along each superior orbital rim scaleless, the scales forming an uninterrupted wedge-shaped extension forward on middle of interorbital space; an oblique line running backward from above middle of orbit contains 7 scales; a low sheath of scales along base of dorsal and anal fins, consisting of a single series along anterior portion of base of each fin; caudal scaled in the greater part of its length. Color, back olivaceous, anteriorly with the distal portion of each scale largely dusky, posteriorly each scale with a black intramarginal line; lower half of sides and belly bright iridescent-silvery ; opercles dusky; mouth and gill-cavity white; peritoneum blackish; fins translucent, the anterior dorsal lobe with a black tip, which is continued forward as a narrow margin over the spinous portion of the fin; terminal part of upper caudal lobe blackish. I take pleasure in naming this species for Mr. Louis E. Berndt, market inspector in Honolulu, to whose kind assistance the expedition owed much of its success. The type of the present species was secured for us by Mr. Berndt in the Honolulu market. It was not recognized by the fishermen, and doubtless lives at greater depths than the market fishes. The single cotype was taken at station 4115, off the northwest coast of Oahu, depth 195 to 241 fathoms. Family BRAMID-E. Collybus drachme Snyder. Taken at station 4176, near Niihau, 437 to 672 fathoms. The type of this species certainly entered the trawl at or near the surface. Family APOGONICHTHYID-A%. Amia maculifera (Garrett). Station 3875, in channel between Maui and Lanai, in 34 to 65 fathoms. Foa brachygramma (Jenkins). Stations Nos. 3847, off the south coast of Molokai, 23 to 24 fathoms; 3849, south coast of Molokai, 43 to 73 fathoms; 3872, channel between Maui and Lanai, 32 to 43 fathoms; 3873, channel between Maui and Lanai, 32 to 37 fathoms; 3875, channel between Maui and Lanai, 34 to 65 fathoms; 3876, channel between Maui and Lanai, 28 to 43 fathoms. Mionorus waikiki (Jordan & Myvermann). oy Stations Nos. 3872, channel between Maui and Lanai, 32 to 45 fathoms, and 3876, channel between Maui and Lanai, 28 to 43 fathoms. Hynnodus, new genus. Like Epigonus, but the palatines with teeth, and the body much more elongate; 2 anal spines; minute teeth in jaws and on yomer and palatines; all the bones of head unarmed except the opercle, which bears a single spine; eyes very large; tubes of lateral line very large, each scale perforated by a canal which opens on the outer surface beneath an antero-posterior bridge, on the dorsal and ventral side of which are wide external pores. Epigonus ocedentalis Goode and Bean may be a member of this genus, although it is said to have the vomer and palatines toothless. Hynnodus Gilbert, new genus of Apogonichthyidw (atherinoides), 618 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Hynnodus atherinoides, new species. Plate 79. Type, 117 mm. long, from station 3867, Pailolo Channel, depth 284 to 290 fathoms; type, No. 51601, U. S. Nat. Mus. Head 31 hundredths of the total length to base of caudal; greatest depth 15; least depth of caudal peduncle 7.5; length of snout 7; diameter of orbit 14; length of maxillary 11.5; interorbital width 6; greatest width of head 16; distance from tip of snout to ventrals 33; to front of dorsal 36; distance between dorsals 12. D, Vit-1, 10; As tn, 95>V sa, 5° P: 29 07,93. Seales inthe lateral line 54; gill-rakers 6+ 16; branchiostegals 7. Body extremely elongate, occiput depressed, broader than deep; snout and interorbital Space flattish above, orbital rims not noticeably raised; mouth terminal, oblique; lower jaw included: maxillary in part slipping under the very narrow preorbital, not reaching vertical from front of pupil; teeth very small, slightly curved, in single series in jaws and on palatine bones, in a patch on head of vomer; tongue smooth; posterior nostril a transverse slit in front of upper part of orbit; the anterior a wide pore with raised margins, directed forward, slightly nearer eye than tip of snout; preopercle forming a narrow projecting rounded lobe at angle, but not striate; interopercle expanded below to form avery thin projecting lamina: opercle bearing a single strong spine, all other bones of head unarmed; 4 gills, with a slit behind fourth arch; pseudobranchie very large; gill-rakers long and slender, 6 4-16 in number, the longest one-third length of maxillary, Dorsal spines slender, the first very short, about one-eighth length of second: a definite well- developed spine at beginning of seeond dorsal; first anal spine less than one-third length of second; all the spines strongly compressed. As the margins of all the fins are mutilated, their shape can not be given. The scales of lateral line persist, but all others have fallen. The extent to which the head was covered can not be ascertained. Color dark gray, darker along margins of scales; snout blackish; dorsals and anal dusky; mouth light, but the gullet, branchial chamber, and peritoneum jet-black; opercles appear blackish externally. Two specimens were taken at station 3867, Synagrops argyrea (Gilbert & Cramer). A rare species, but 8 specimens secured, The original account of the species may be corrected as to the following details: Depth of body 3.5 in total length without caudal; least depth of caudal pedunele 2.7 in depth of body; eye averages a little smaller, being contained 3.8 to 3.4 in head; a distinct slender supplemental maxillary bone; each ramus of lower Jaw usually containing only 4 (rarely 5) canines, instead of 7 asin type; upper end of base of pectoral on a level with lower margin of orbit. Taken at the following stations: Nos. 3867, Pailolo Channel, 284 to 290 fathoms; 3920, off the south coast of Oahu, 280 to 265 fathoms; 4084, off the north coast of Maui, 253 to 267 fathoms; 4102, Pailolo Channel, 122 to 132 fathoms. Melanostoma argyreum Gilbert & Cramer, Proc, U. 8. Nat. Mus., XIX, 1897, 416, pl. 39, fig. 3. Family SERRANID. Grammatonotus, new genus. Closely allied to Callanthias, differing in having but one opercular spine, in the presence of large pores on the head, and in the tubular anterior nostril; the canines are greatly reduced in size, and the snoutis not scaled in front of the eye; lateral line single, running along base of dorsal fin, ending under last ray; scales large, minutely ctenoid, rough; dorsal fin continuous, not notched; soft dorsal and anal with middle rays produced into pointed lobes; ventrals very close together, with one spine and 5 rays, the outer ray longest; preopercle entire; opercle with a single pungent spine; gill membranes narrowly united, with 6 rays. Grammatonolus, Gilbert, new genus of Serranide (daysanus), I ee ae ae ee ees oe | (SdA] LH3ETI9 SACIONINSHIY SNGONNAY 6L 31V1q €O6l 04 SNiing FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 619 Grammatonotus laysanus, new species. Fig. 240. Type, 38 mm. in total length without caudal, from station 3947, near Laysan Island, depth 97 to 199 fathoms; type, No. 41546, U.S. Nat. Mus. Head 35 hundredths of total length without caudal; length of snout 5; length of maxillary 15; diameter of orbit 15; interorbital width 10; greatest depth of body 32; least depth of caudal peduncle 17; length of caudal peduncle 21; length anterior to dorsal fin 38; base of dorsal 47; longest dorsal spine 15; longest dorsal ray 23; length of third anal spine 13; longest anal ray 23; longest pectoral ray 25; ventrals 27. D. x1, 8; A. 1, 9; P.19; V.1, 5. Tubes in lateral line 18; transverse rows of scales between upper end of gill-opening and base of caudal 25 or 26; scales in an oblique row between point of dorsal and vent, 10 or 11. Caudal peduncle short and deep, more than half greatest depth of body; snout very short, evenly rounded, transversely convex, as is also the interorbital space and occiput; anterior nostril with a short broad tube, in front of eye; posterior nostril a small round pore widely separated from the anterior, located on upper orbital rim but little in advance of pupil; eye very large, three-sevenths length of head; mouth oblique, short, maxillary narrow, not reaching vertical from middle of eye; suborbitals very narrow, not concealing maxillary; in sides of premaxillaries a narrow band of fine villiform teeth and an outer series of small canines, the anterior 1 or 2 teeth of outer series a little enlarged; a deep notch Fic. 240.—Grammotonotus laysanus Gilbert, new species. Type. between premaxillary teeth anteriorly; mandible with a single series of teeth similar to outer premaxil- lary teeth, 1 or 2 of anterior teeth slightly enlarged; a few minute teeth on head and shaft of vomer, and on front of palatines; preopercle rounded, with entire margin; opercle with a horizontal rib ending in a single pungent spine; clavicles forming a sharp keel below on median line, embracing posterior part of isthmus and region immediately posterior; gill-membranes narrowly united anteriorly, forming a free fold across isthmus; branchiostegal rays 6; pseudobranchie large; gill-laminze narrow, the anterior set of filaments on first arch and the posterior set on fourth arch shortened; a well-developed slit behind fourth arch; twenty long slender gill-rakers on horizontal portion of outer arch, the longest two- sevenths diameter of orbit; a series of large pores on mandible, and one extending from sides of snout around posterior half of orbital rim, and on suborbitals. Dorsal spines slender and flexible, increasing in length to behind middle of fin; last 5 spines about equal; anterior rays of soft dorsal injured in type; fourth ray produced, overlapping rudimentary cau- dal rays; succeeding dorsal rays again rapidly shortened; anal spines regularly graduated, third spine about five-sixths the longest dorsal spine; anal fin, like soft dorsal, with middle rays produced into a a sharp lobe; sixth and seventh rays overlapping base of caudal, the succeeding ray rapidly shortened; caudal injured in the type, its shape unknown; outer ventral ray produced well beyond spine, overlapping the vent. 620 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Seales large, the free margins finely ctenoid, rough to the touch; head wholly scaled as far forward as front of orbits; the short snout naked; exposed portion of maxillary scaled, but no scales can be detected on mandibles, or branchiostegal membranes; lateral line“ ascending rapidly to the back, and running along base of dorsal fin, separated from it by a series of narrow half-scales which more or less coincide with and overlap the scales of the lateral line. Color in life; light purplish red on upper parts, silvery below, a few minute scattered blue spots on posterior half of caudal peduncle; pectorals translucent; other fins light purplish red; anal mar- gined with yellow; the projecting tips of membranes of dorsal spines yellow. Only the type known. Family LABRIDA. Cirrhilabrus jordani Snyder. Station 3876, channel between Maui and Lanai, 28 to 43 fathoms. Pseudocheilinus evanidus Jordan & KHyermann. Stations No. 3873, channel between Maui and Lanai, 32 to 37 fathoms; 3876, channel between Maui and Lanai, 28 to 43 fathoms; 4073, off the north coast of Maui, 69 to 78 fathoms. Family POMACENTRID. Chromis leucurus, new species. Plate 77, fig. 2. Type, 66 mm. long, measured to tip of middle caudal rays, from station 3875, Avau Channel, between Maui and Lanai, depth 84 to 65 fathoms; type, 51587, U. S. Nat. Mus. Length of head 32 hundredths of total length to base of caudal (50 m.); greatest depth 51; least depth of caudal peduncle 16; diameter of orbit 12; interorbital width 11; length of maxillary 9; length of snout 9; distance from tip of snout to front of dorsal 40; highest dorsal spine 19; longest dorsal ray 25; second anal spine 23; filamentous caudal rays 60; length of pectoral 35; length of ventral 34. D. xu, 1, the last ray cleft to base; A. 1,15; P. 16. Tubes in lateral line 13; cross-series of scales 20 or 21. Body short and deep, resembling Pomacentrus, with a short high caudal peduncle, which does not conspicuously taper toward tail; head short and small, a little less than one-third length, eye large, a little more than one-third head; mouth small; maxillary barely reaching vertical from front of eye; in the front of each jaw a wide band of villiform teeth, preceded by asingle series of strong conical acute teeth, a little flattened at base, but uniformly tapering to the acute apex; the anterior series is con- tinued on sides of jaw, the teeth of this series much reduced in size; free margins of preorbital and preopercle entire. Dorsal spines evenly graduated, none of them as long or strong as second anal spine; both anal and soft dorsal haye acute lobes, with filamentous tips which extend well beyond base of caudal; caudal deeply forked, both lobes filamentous, produced in long thread-like streamers; outer ventral ray fila- mentous, reaching same vertical as pectoral, which terminates above first soft ray of anal. Seales large, ctenoid, caducous, rather irregularly imbricated; lateral line terminating under last dorsal spine. Color in life, deep brownish black, more intense posteriorly and on soft dorsal and anal fins; pos- terior half of eaudal peduncle and caudal fin white, as are also tips of posterior dorsal and anal rays; a blackish spot on base of pectorals, a lemon-yellow band behind it across, basal portion of fin; ventrals lemon-yellow, outer ray and spine dusky; ina young cotype, the sides are much lighter, becoming dusky on caudal peduncle; soft dorsal and anal black. Specimens taken at stations 3875, channel between Maui and Lanai, 34 to 65 fathoms, and 3982, vicinity of Kauai, 40 to 283 fathoms. Dascyllus albisella Gill. Station 3968, French Frigate Shoal, 143 to 163 fathoms. aThe lateral line has been omitted by error in the accompanying drawing. FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLAN Family ANTIGONIID-E. Antigonia steindachneri Jordan & Evermann. One specimen 63 mm. long to base of caudal, was dredged at station 3958, vicinity of Laysan Island, depth 178 to 182 fathoms. For comparison with A. eos of equal size, we add the following data: Length of head 37 hundredths of total length without caudal; diameter of orbit 15.5; interorbital width 12; length of snout 10; maxillary 9; distance from orbit to angle of preopercle 22; greatest depth 126; least depth of caudal peduncle 16.5; length of third dorsal spine 35; first anal spine 14.5; ventral spine 27.5; length of pectoral 37. D. vin, 88; A. 1, 35; P. 14. Between the nape and the anterior portion of lateral line are 14 series of scales running parallel with predorsal profile. Compared with adults, the young are proportionally deeper, and have the spination of bones of head much less developed, the spines projecting but little beyond the margins of the bones; the scales are very rough, and the exposed portions are much higher than long, as in adults; but the spines are almost wholly confined to the margins of the scales, those arising from the central field, which give such a densely hispid appearance to the adult, being undeveloped, or present in small number; on sides of nape, immediately behind head, is a conspicuous band of larger scales, which scarcely overlap, and are embedded and concealed except for the projecting spinous margin; behind this band, the scales are reduced in size and densely crowded; scales on cheeks are also embedded and concealed, each being represented externally by a straight, vertical, spinous ridge; except fora wedge-shaped area in middle of frontal region, bounded laterally by ridges, the top of head, including sides of occiput and the preorbital, is scaleless. Antigonia eos, new species. Plate 80, fig. 1. Type, 83 mm. in total length (67 mm. to base of caudal), from station 4102, Pailolo Channel, depth 122 to 132 fathoms; type, No. 51598, U.S. Nat. Mus. Length of head 37 hundredths of total length to base of caudal; diameter of orbit 16; interorbital width (at middle of frontal region) 12.5; length of snout 12.5; length of maxillary 9; distance from orbit to angle of preopercle 16; greatest depth 98; least depth of caudal peduncle 14; length of third dorsal spine (the tip injured) 45; first anal spine 14.5; ventral spine 27; length of pectoral 32. D. 1x, SoreACiTeolesb loc Vols, Os Somewhat deeper and more angular than A. rubescens Schlegel, from Japan, and much less so than A. steindachneri of equal size. The young are much deeper than adults, more sharply angular, and with high filamentous spinous dorsal fin. In a specimen 25 mm. long to base of caudal the depth is 128 hundredths of this length, the height of the third dorsal spine 100. A. rubescens changes compar- atively little with age. In A. eos the base of soft portion of anal fin is nearly straight, much less curved than in A. rubescens and A. steindachneri, not more arched than base of dorsal. Serrated edges in frontal region only moderately developed, the spaces between ridges completely scaled, thus partially concealing them; margin of preorbital with a few short strong spines; vertical limb of preopercle marked with curved serrated ridges, but the margin only minutely serrate; lower margin furnished with a few short, strong teeth; a strong spine marks the articulation of mandible, this spine absent or very inconspicuous in A. rubescens. Head more extensively scaled than in A. steindachneri, the scales covering entire frontal region, preorbital, and snout, except the oblong area for reception of premaxillary spines; occiput largely naked; both limbs of preopercle densely scaled; scales on cheeks imbricated, numerous spinules springing from the central field as well as from the margin; scales on body with exposed surfaces much longer in proportion to their height than in A. steindachneri; those on posterior part of body with spines much longer and denser than those on anterior parts, the anterior scales having the mar- ginal spinules much shorter and less conspicuous than those which arise from the central field; scales completely investing anterior aspects of the ventral, the first anal, and the third dorsal spines, these spines much less grooved than in A. steindachneri. Even in adults the spinous dorsal is much more elevated than in related species, both third and fourth spines greatly elongate, slender, and delicate; the tips are broken in all of our specimens; the caudal fin is gently rounded. 622 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION, Color in life light red, abdomen and opercles silvery. A. vos is nearer ul. rubes ens than A. stemdachneri, agreeing with rubescens in weaker spination and more complete scaling of head, in shape of scales, and in the presence of 9 instead of 8 dorsal spines. The two differ strikingly in outline and in the much shorter dorsal and anal fins of rubescens. In 11 29 98) 289 989 99 vO specimens of cos, noe including ty type, the fin rays are as follows: Dorsal, 32, 32, 32, 32, 33, 33, 33, 33, Boose OL ANAL GOs ols Gly SL tos SUP OU ole oda oleaollls In 5 specimens ie A. ee from Suruga Bay, Japan (Albatross station 3734), the fin rays are as follows: Dorsal, 27, 27, 27, 27, 27; anal, 25, 25, 26, 27, 27. In both species the dorsal spines are constantly 9 in number, Specimens were taken at the following stations: No, 3858, Pailolo Channel, 128 to 138 fathoms; 4070, north coast of Maui, 45 to 52 fathoms; 4072, north coast of Maui, 56 to 59 fathoms; 4077, north coast of Maui, 99 to 106 fathoms; 4102, Pailolo Channel, 122 to 132 fathoms; 4104, Pailolo Channel, 123 to 141 fathoms. Family ZEID-A. Stethopristes, new genus. Related to Cyllopsis and still more closely to Zen Jordan and Fowler. From the latter it differs in having the ventral spine greatly reduced and in having a continuous series of carinated spinous buck- lers from throat to anus. From Cytlopsis it differs also in haying 9 instead of 7 ventral rays. In Cytlopsis there are but 8 or 4 spinous plates, confined to the mid-ventral line behind ventral fins, the thorax being transversely flattened and without plates. In Zen there are in addition 2 flattened plates on the thorax, which is broad and transversely flattened, without trace of keel. In Stethopristes the breast is sharply keeled throughout, the ventrals appearing lateral in position. Slethopristes Gilbert, new genus of Zeid (eos). Stethopristes eos, new species. Fig. 241. Type, 180 mm. long, from Albatross station 3867, Pailolo Channel, between Molokai and Maui, depth 284 to 290 fathoms; type, No. 51626, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Head 40 hundredths of total length without caudal; eye 17.5; least frontal width 10.5; length of snout 16.5; length of maxillary 21; greatest depth of body 53; least depth of caudal peduncle 8; length of second dorsal spine 11; pao ventral ray 43; longest pectoral ray 14. D. vu, 27, the last ray cleft to the base; A. 1, 29; V.1, 9; P. 14. Pores in lateral line 82 or 88; 15 oblique rows of scales between lateral line and madals of ie of soft dorsal; branchiostegals 7. Body deeply oval, with back and belly nearly equally curved, depth greatest under middle of spinous dorsal; maxillary reaching vertical from front of pupil, its length measured from tip of snout half length of head; teeth minute, in narrow bands in jaws and on yomer, these not more than half the width of the bands in the Japanese Zen tea Jordan and Fowler; preorbital of moderate width only, half as wide as diameter of eye, concealing only a very little of proximal end of maxillary; eye very large, slightly greater than length of snout; interorbital space and occiput flat, the median portion occupied by a deep elongate-oyal pit which lodges the long premaxillary processes; each side of occiput occupied by a plate with minutely roughened surface, sending forward a triangular process which terminates in a spinous point above front of eye; the free margin of this process forms the upper orbital rim, and is furnished with minute teeth which increase in size anteriorly; mandibles terminat- ing posteriorly in a blunt spinous point and anteriorly in a sharp spinous projection at each side of symphysis; other bones of the head smooth, without spines or serrations; branchiostegal membranes moderately joined across throat, forming a free fold; gills 33, the laminze short; no slit behind last gill; gill-rakers little developed, short and barely movable, 9 on anterior arch; pseudobranchie well developed. Anterior dorsal with strong short spines, the fin rounded in profile; second, third, and fourth spines about equal in length, two-thirds diameter of eye, the last spine joined by very low membrane to first soft ray; soft dorsal low, the rays increasing in length backward; dorsal rays, like those of pectoral and anal fins, all simpie, unbranched, flattened in their distal half; anal similar to soft dorsal, but beginning and ending a little more posteriorly; it is preceded by a simple short strong curyed spine, connected by membrane with the first ray; ventrals very large, their tips reaching to or beyond Bull. U. S. F.C. 1903 PLATE 80. 1. ANTIGONIA EOS GILBERT, NEW SPECIES. TYPE. 2. CYTTOMIMUS STELGIS GILBERT, NEW SPECIES. TYPE. FISHES OF HAWAITAN ISLANDS. 623 middle of anal fin, rays all branched nearly to base, 9 in number, preceded by a minute spine; pec- torals short, rounded, not reaching vertical from vent; caudal rays deeply forked, the outer ray above and below unbranched, preceded by 4 short spines at base of upper lobe, 3 at base of lower; caudal fin rounded, its length one-fifth total length without caudal. Scales very small, cycloid, smooth, covering entire body and cheeks; head otherwise naked; rows above lateral line oblique, not parallel with back; no enlarged scales along base of dorsal and anal fins, where are only a series of small nodular projections corresponding in number to the rays; median line of breast and belly in front of anus furnished with a series of large strongly keeied plates, Se ree S5e = cones oss S53 asete Ss oeeses sSsee SEES SS ses 3s: $3: = = = SS Ss Stee ASRS Rs . iS eS ARS Fic. 241.—Stethopristes cos Gilbert, new species. Type. the keel bearing 2 or 3 compressed, backwardly directed spines, the posterior spine, the larger project- ing freely; plates 10 in number, decreasing in size anteriorly, the 3 anterior ones small, but sharply keeled and spinous. In one of the cotypes there are 29 rays each in the dorsal and anal, and 11 plates in the ventral series. Color in life silvery, overlaid with light rose color. Specimens were taken at stations No. 3867, Pailolo Channel, 284 to 290 fathoms, and 4134, vicinity of Kauai, 225 to 334 fathoms. Family CAPROID. Cyttomimus, new genus. Allied to Capromimus Gill, from which it differs in having rough-ctenoid, instead of eycloid, scales in having the thoracic region wide and flat, without ridge or spinous scutes, and in the presence of teeth on vomer and palatine bones. Cyttomimus Gilbert, new genus of Caproidix (stelyis). F.C. B.1908, Pt. 2-4 624 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Cyttomimus stelgis, new species. Plate 80, Fig. 2. Type, a female, 91 mm. long, from Albatross station 4122, near Barbers Point, south shore of Oahu, depth 192 to 352 fathoms; type, No. 51622, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Length of head 42 hundredths of total length without caudal; diameter of eye 19; interorbital width 15; length of snout 15; length of maxillary 24; greatest depth 53; least depth of caudal peduncle 7; length of second (longest) dorsal spine 17 length of pectoral 18. D. vit, 28; A. 1, 24. P. 14 (in both fins). V.1, 6. Pores in lateral line 58 to 56; branchiostegals 7. Body rhombiform, compressed, deepest below first dorsal spine, the occiput and interorbital space depressed and flattened; thoracic region wide and flat, without scutes or enlarged scales; base of dorsal and anal fins convex in profile, their outlines rapidly converging to the very slender caudal peduncle, the ventral curve greater than the dorsal; greatest depth of body slightly greater than 3 length to base of caudal; Teast depth of caudal peduncle # diameter of eye; head very large, eye large, mouth oblique, with wide cleft, very protractile; interorbital region deeply excavated to receive the long premaxillary processes, which terminate above middle of pupil; distance from tip of snout toend of maxillary equal to length of snout and half eye; maxillary bone deeply grooved longitudinally, its distal end very obliquely truncate and emarginate; a wide fold of integument, reflected backward from upper lip, extends well under the projecting preorbital, conceals the exposed portion of premaxillary spines, and covers all but the posterior ridge of maxillary bone; teeth minute, broadly conical or triangular, present in very narrow bands (having the width of about 3 teeth) in jaws and on vomer and palatine bones; premaxillary band ceasing ata point two-thirds the distance from tip of snout to end of maxillary; pre- orbital wide, covering a portion of the premaxillary, the margin undulated, the surface marked with fine diverging ridges, which end at the anterior margin in minute spinelets; the bone is excavated to receive 3 wide diverging canals; other bones of suborbital ring are also furnished at margin with a series of minute spines; mandible deeply grooved, the marginal ridges roughened for a portion of their length, each terminating in a strong short spine at posterior end of bone; preopercle deeply grooved, its lower limb and angle minutely serrulate on both the ridges bounding the groove; inter- opercle similarly with 2 spinous ridges; opercle with a vertical spinous ridge parallel with its anterior margin, but otherwise without strie or spines; interorbital space broad and flat, its width equal to length of snout, one-third length of head, its median portion soft and membranous; supraorbital rim a heavy, bony process, longitudinally grooved, the bounding ridges of groove rough-granular; the outer ridge is cOmtinuous with the posterior orbital margin, the inner ridge extending backward to base of occiput, where it forks to form 4 short, widely diverging branches, covering occipital region; all these ridges rough-granular; branchiostegal membranes widely united to form a free fold across the isthmus, with which they are not united; branchiostegal rays 7 in number; gill-laminze narrow, inner gill-arch with a single series of filaments; gill-rakers short broad plates with roughened margins, 8 in number on horizontal limb of anterior arch; pseudobranchice large. Pectorals very small, inserted just below a horizontal line from lower edge of pupil, their longest rays equaling length of ventral spine; soft rays of ventral fins slightly longer than pectoral, and barely reaching first anal spine. Insertion of ventrals vertically below pectorals; pectoral rays like those of dorsal and anal fins, expanded and flattened at tip, obliquely articulated, all simple, unbranched; rays of ventral and caudal fins profusely forked; first dorsal composed of 8 spines, of which the second is much the longest and much the strongest, over twice the height of the first spine; from the second, the spines decrease regularly in length and thickness, giving a steeply rounded profile to the fin, the eighth not spine-like in appearance, resembling the rays of the second dorsal, but stiffer and not articulated; all the dorsal spines longitudinally grooved or fluted; rays of second dorsal increasing in length from the first backward to beginning of posterior third, the last rays shortened, but longer than the anterior rays; anal fin similar to soft dorsal, but beginning and ending more posteriorly; anal spines 2 in number, short, strong, curved, the first longer than the second, the 2 spines joined by membrane, the second spine connected by low membrane to the first soft ray; caudal with the posterior margin gently conyex. Body completely scaled, except a narrow strip along bases of dorsal and anal fins; cheeks scaled, head otherwise naked; scales everywhere higher than long, the exposed portions vertically linear, of eycloid type, having entire edges and concentric strize, but the exposed surface rendered very rough by numberless minute prickles, mostly arranged in vertical cross-series on each scale; the roughest scales FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 625 are on caudal peduncle, the series of prickles decreasing in number toward head, the scales on nape and cheeks being largely smooth; scales greatly reduced in size on nape and on breast and belly, in 4 oblique rows on cheeks; breast flat, without ridge, no enlarged or carinated plates on breast or belly; dorsal and anal fins in narrow scaleless grooves, bounded by series of enlarged scales, each of which is crossed by an oblique spinous ridge; 11 or 12 such scales along base of soft dorsal and anal fins; they decrease in size anteriorly along the base of spinous dorsal, finally merging into the smaller scales of back and nape; lateral line less arched than the back, but reaching axis of body first on caudal peduncle; six lengthwise series of scales between lateral line and base of soft dorsal. Color grayish silvery, overlaid with more or less steel-gray, and with some plumbeous streaks and markings; a plumbeous bar below eye, involving posterior end of mandibles; a narrow plumbeous streak along middle of caudal penduncle, expanding posteriorly to cover whole base of tail; above and below this streak the caudal peduncle is flesh-colored, as is also the snout, interorbital region, jaws, and branchiostegals; spinous dorsal blackish, light at base; other fins whitish, unmarked; narrow blackish streaks on supraorbital ridge, diverging from middle of snout to margin of preorbital, on lips and along mandibles. ; Capromimus abbreviatus (Hector) is described and figured by Gunther (Deep-sea Fishes, Chal- lenger, 1887, 42, Pl. X, fig. B) as having smooth scales and naked palate. Antigonia mulleri Klunzinger (Sitzungsb. Akad. Wissen. Wien, LX XX, 1880, 380, Pl. V, fig. 3) is placed by Giinther in the syn- onymy of abbreviatus, but the author gives no indication of the nature of the scales or of the dentition. In the original description of CL abbreviatus (Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vii, 1875, 239-250) the scales are said to be ‘tvery narrow and rough.” Only the type is known. Family CHETODONTID. Cheetodon corallicola Snyder. Stations No. 4031, Penguin Bank, south coast of Oahu, 27 to 28 fathoms; 4032, Penguin Bank, south coast of Oahu, 27 to 29 fathoms; 4034, Penguin Bank, south coast of Oahu, 14 to 28 fathoms. Holacanthus fisheri Snyder. Stations No. 3847, off the south coast of Molokai, 23 to 24 fathoms; 3872, channel between Maui and Lanai, 32 to 43 fathoms; 3876, channel between Maui and Lanai, 28 to 43 fathoms; 4031, Penguin Bank, south coast of Oahu, 27 to 28 fathoms; 4082, Penguin Bank, south coast of Oahu, 27 to 29 fathoms; 4033, Penguin Bank, south coast of Oahu, 28 to 29 fathoms; 4084, Penguin Bank, south coast of Oahu, 14 to 28 fathoms. Family BALISTIDA. Balistes bursa Lacépéde. Station 4032, Penguin Bank, south coast Oahu Island, 27 to 29 fathoms. Family MONACANTHID-E. Stephanolepis spilosomus (Lay & Bennett). Stations Nos. 4147, near Bird Island, 23 to 26 fathoms; 4148, near Bird Island, 26 to 33 fathoms; 4167, near Bird Island, 18 to 20 fathoms. Stephanolepis pricei Snyder. Station 4021, near Kauai, 286 to 399 fathoms. Probably entered the trawl much nearer the surface than above indicated. 626 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Cantherines sandvichensis (Quoy & Gaimard). One young specimen taken with tangles at station 4163, vicinity of Bird Island, depth 24 to 40 fathoms. Sides somewhat blotched with light and dark, the dark markings assuming form of faint bars on head, and at base of dorsal and anal fins; dorsal containing 36 rays, anal 32. Family CANTHIGASTERID-. Canthigaster cinctus (Richardson). Three specimens of this conspicuously colored species were dredged in shallow water about the islands. Head 40 hundredths of total length without caudal; depth of caudal peduncle immediately behind anal fin 24; length of snout 26; interorbital width 10; diameter of orbit 12; length of gill-slit 7, not descending to level of lower pectoral rays; longest pectoral ray 15; height of dorsal'17; length of caudal 31.. D. 10; A. 9; P. 17. Back compressed; interorbital space gently concave; upper profile of snout longitudinally gently coneaye; entire body and head, except extreme tip and lower side of snout, covered with very short slender spines; nostril minute, consisting of a yery short open tube, scarcely discernible without the aid of a lens; caudal fin gently convex, with the outer rays slightly produced. Color in life light olivaceous; back with 4 broad brownish black bars directed downward and for- ward; one covers the back of caudal peduncle save a narrow space immediately behind dorsal fin, and narrows downward, its pointed lower end below axis of body and beneath front of dorsal; the second bar includes base of dorsal and an area in front of fin, narrowing to a point below middle of sides; the third bar crosses nape and ends at upper limit of base of pectoral fins; the fourth covers posterior half of interorbital space; upper and lower margins of caudal fin brownish black; snout dusky; the top and sides of head and the light intervals between bars covered with light yellow spots (not bluish, as given by Vaillant and Sauvage), which are usually roundish, and smaller than pupil; these sometimes arrange themselves in lines bordering the dark bars, those about eye frequently coalesce to form longitudinal streaks, and those on lower part of cheeks may unite to form a lengthwise, more or less broken line; there may be a line also bordering gill-slit anteriorly. Specimens were taken at the following stations: Nos. 3850, off the south coast of Molokai, 43 to 66 fathoms; 4071, off the north coast of Maui, 52 to 56 fathoms; 4128, vicinity of Kauai, 68 to 90 fathoms. Tetrodon (Anosmius) coronatus Vaillant & Sauvage, Reyue et Mag. de Zool. (8) III, 1875, 286. Family OSTRACHD. Aracana spilonota, new species. Fig. 242. Type, 94 mm. long, from station 3939, vicinity of Laysan Island, depth 59 to 163 fathoms; type, No. 51630, U. S. Nat. Mus. Head 31 hundredths of total length without caudal; greatest depth 44; greatest width (without spines) 50; width of lateral face 388; width of dorsal face 21; length of free portion of tail 19; length of snout 24; width over middle of eyes 18; diameter of orbit 16; length of gill-opening 5; longest pectoral ray 19; longest dorsal ray 15; longest caudal ray 23, D. 10; A. 9; P. 12; C. 11. 30dy with 6 ridges, including a low ridge on each lateral face; no mid-dorsal or mid-ventral crest; a pair of strong spines near middle of dorsal ridges, and a corresponding but smaller pair near middle of ventral ridges, both compressed and slightly hooked backward; no other spines on body, but a series of low prominences along ventral ridges, which may develop into spines in other specimens; the body plates exhibit 5 to 7 low ridges radiating from center, each ridge with a series of small granules; abdominal plates with more prominent granules, but much less rough than in 1. aeuleata (Houttuyn); free portion of tail wholly invested with small movable plates, which cover lateral portions as fully as upper or lower sides; dorsal face gently convex, interorbital space strongly concave, upper profile of snout perfectly straight; breast not gibbous; eyes large, their diameter greater than distance separating FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 627 anterior margins of orbits} gill-opening very short, not descending to level of lower pectoral rays; vaudal fin gently convex. Color grayish olive aboye, lighter below; back and upper portion of sides of head, body and tail with small round brownish green spots, about one-third size of pupil; lower parts white, fins unmarked. A specimen 36 mm, long, from station 3965, vicinity of Laysan Island, depth 116 to 147 fathoms, differs markedly in general proportions from the type. It is much broader, with wider flatter inter- Fic. 242.— parallel with the first, and bearing from | to 5 jmilar spines; on breast, head, and antedorsal region the scales are smaller and bear usually the median ridge only. Color, back and sides grayish, checkered by narrow black lines margining the scales; sides and lower part of head and abdomen jet-black; gill-membranes blackish on inner surface as well as outer, but the lining membrane of mouth and gill-cavity otherwise whitish; peritoneum dusky silvery; alone the sides and tail about 12 narrow black cross-lines, the posterior more distinct than the anterior, only a few of them complete; dorsal uniformly dusky, anal translucent, with a wide black margin; pectorals and ventrals, including the ventral filament, blackish. Only the type known. Macrourus longicirrhus, new species. Fig. 265. Type, 590 mm. long, from station 4185, vicinity of Kauai Island, depth 1,000 to 1,514 fathoms; type, No. 41592, U.S. Nat. Mus. Body robust, depth 5.5 in total length; head 4.55. First dorsal 11, 10; V.11; P. 21; scales between lateral line and base of second dorsal spine 6. Head depressed above orbits, alow convex curve thence to dorsal, the base of which does not form a projection; contours of snout evenly and bluntly rounded; cheeks and suborbitals nearly ver- tical, without projecting ridges or prominences; interorbital convex and very wide, 3.5 times in length of head: horizontal and vertical diameters of orbit equal, 1.4 in interorbital width, 5 in head; snout projecting but little beyond mouth, its length contained 3.25 times in head; distance from premayil- laries to tip of snout 0.12 length of head; maxillary reaching a vertical from middle of orbit, its length ’.4 in head; mandible well included; premaxillary teeth in a moderate band; posterior teeth villiform, outer teeth enlarged, forming small canines, the enlarged teeth including some behind the outer series; the premaxillary band narrows laterally, but contains always smaller teeth behind an outer series’ mandibular teeth uniform in size, intermediate in size between inner and outer premaxillary teeth; they form at symphysis a very broad band which tapers rapidly toward sides; barbel .17 length of head: nostrils small, the anterior round, with its posterior membranous margin elevated, the posterior vertically slit-like; preopercular angle greatly produced backward, the margin aboye angle deeply indented; gill-:membranes widely joined anteriorly, adnate to the isthmus, without free posterior edge; branchiostegals 6; outer branchial slit very short, the arch almost wholly adnate; length of slit but 0.3 diameter of orbit; slit behind fourth arch slightly wider; pseudobranchive present, small. Second dorsal spine compressed, rather slender and flexible, its anterior margin furnished with a few very fine serrulations; it is produced toa short filamentous tip, which reaches base of twelfth ray of second dorsal, and is more than 0.9 length of head; first soft ray 0.8 length of head; interspace between dorsals slightly exceeding in length base of first, and contained 3.4 times in head; origin of anal verti- cally below beginning of last third of interspace between dorsals; all anal rays injured, the longest present being .2 the length of head, and much longer than rays of second dorsal; vent immediately in front of anal fin: outer ventral ray greatly produced, reaching base of nineteenth anal ray, 0.25 total length; pectoral reaching to opposite twenty-second scale of lateral line; none of its rays produced, the longest 1.7 in head. FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 673 Scales large, adherent, those on anterior part of head gredtly reduced in size; they densely cover entire head, including snout, the suborbital region, and the posterior 0.7 of the mandibular rami; gular and gill-membranes bare; on middle of sides each scale bears numerous very short appressed spines, arranged usually in 16 or 18 parallel series; there issome irregularity in the arrangement of the spines, which sometimes break rank and show a tendency to form in quineunx order; in the smaller scales of snout and interorbital area the spines are greatly crowded, stand out vertically from the scales, and are sometimes arranged in diverging series; there are 26 series of scales in advance of origin of second dorsal fin. FIG. ‘ 3,—Macrourus longicirrhus Gilbert, new species. ‘Type. Color uniform dark brown or purplish brown on head, body, and fins; gill-cavity similarly colored; inside of mouth lighter; peritoneum white, or only faintly dusky; barbel and yentral filaments white, dorsal filament colored like rest of fin. Only the type known. Celorhynchus gladius (Gilbert & Cramer. Six specimens of this rare species were secured. In the longest specimen, 238 mm., the scales along back near first dorsal fin have 40 to 50 minute equal spinelets, arranged in about 10 series, which are parallel throughout; the spines are thus much more numerous than in the smaller type specimen arfd in other smaller specimens before us. In the figure of the type cited below, the enlarged cut of the scale is very poor and misleading, the spines being much smaller than there shown, and more closely set. The scales on the head have the spinelets still more minute and more numerous, arranged in slightly radiating series, and giving a rough shagreen-like texture to the head. The following additions and corrections may be made to the type description: Barbel variable in size, and may equal 0.4 diameter of orbit; gill-membrane with a very narrow free margin behind; outer gill-slit not pore-like, but a slit 0.4 diameter of orbit; distance from inner base of yentrals to origin of anal 0.3 length of head; vent at posterior end of a well-marked naked fossa; lining of mouth whitish anteriorly, becoming dusky toward gullet; gill-cavity slightly dusky, but not black, a dark blotch on 674 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. opercle showing through; peritoneum black; abdomen externally blue-black, the color not dependent upon the peritoneal color; anal whitish anteriorly, becoming | !ackish behind in adults; in young, the second dorsal and anal are whitish throughout; in adults, the second dorsal is black. Specimens were obtained at the following stations: Nos. 4116, off the northwest coast of Oahu, 241 to 282 fathoms; 4122, off the southwest coast of Oahu, 192 to 352 fathoms; 4130, off the east coast of Kauai, 283 to 309 fathoms; 4132, off the east coast of Kauai, 257 to 312 fathoms. Colorhynchus gladius Gilbert & Cramer, Proc. U.S, Nat. Mus., XTX, 1897, 421, pl. Xut, fig. 3. Ccelorhynchus aratrum, new species. Fig. 264. Related to C. parallelus, but differing in spination of scales and in the wholly smooth lower side of head, no scales or tubercles being present below the infraorbital ridge, except a very small pateh on lower side of snout near its tip. Type, 318 mim. long, from station 3910, off the south coast of Oahn Island, depth 311 to 337 fathoms; type, No. 51656, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Depth of body slightly more than half length of head; D. 1, 8; V. 7; P. 18 or 19; pyloric ceca 9; snout long, depressed, everywhere transversely convex, longitudinally a little concave, ending ante- riorly in a short but definite slender spine; width of snout opposite front of orbit equal to its length from base of terminal spine to anterior nostril; lateral outlines of snout convex, the narrowing being Fic. 264.—Corlorhynchus aratrum Gilbert. new species. Type. much more rapid in its terminal half; width at middle of snout more than half its length; vertical diameter of orbit contained 1.6 times in the longitudinal diameter, which equals the convex interorbital width, and is contained 1.7 times in snout; upper margin of orbit nearly straight; posterior nostril vertically elongate and weakly crescentic, the anterior a roundish pore, separated from the posterior by a narrow black strip of integument; two pairs of low but well-marked spinous ridges on top of head, the outer pair continuous with supraorbital margin, its posterior end immediately in advance of upper end of gill-slit; the inner pair begin in advance of middle of interorbital space, and run in parallel lines over occiput (in C. parallelus- the inner pair of ridges converge strongly to near their posterior ends, then diverge); median rostral ridge not evident in well-preserved material; the strong infraorbital ridge runs from tip of snout to preopercular lobe, where it is surrounded behind ana below by a wide, smooth membrane; upper limb of preopercle made concave by the strongly projecting angle; transverse width of mouth at tips of manillaries equals half width of snout at same level, and equals length of maxillary; front of mouth opposite posterior nostril or slightly behind that point, the end of maxillary extending to a point slightly in advance of posterior edge of pupil, its length half the FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 675 preoral portion of snout, without terminal spine; teeth minute, in wide bands in each jaw, none of them at all enlarged; barbel half as long as diameter of pupil; near tip of snout, on lower side, a small patch of prickles, similar to those covering infraorbital ridge, and like them adnate to the bone; with this exception all the region below infraorbital ridge, including mandibles, is smooth, without scales, prickles, or tubercles (in C. parallelus all of this region, except gular and branchial membranes, is thickly beset with irregular small plates, each bearing from 1 to 3 spines); where the gill-membranes are joined across throat they form a narrow free fold; gill-rakers represented by small tubercles, 7 or 8 in number on outer arch. First dorsal fin inserted well behind axil of pectorals; predorsal region invested with scales similar to those of sides, arranged in regular series, and scarcely reduced in size; second dorsal spine smooth throughout, very slender and weak, its terminal portion as flexible as the rays; length of dorsal spine equal to that of snout; distance between dorsals equal to base of first dorsal exclusive of the 2 spines; anal originating a trifle behind front of second dorsal; anal opening immediately before origin of anal fin, its distance from inner base of ventrals a trifle less than the distance from latter to margin of the gill-membranes on median line; this measurement remains almost constant in specimens of very different size. Ina specimen of C. parallelus from Misaki, Japan, and in Giinther’s figure (Kermadec Islands) the distance from base of ventrals to vent is much greater than between ventrals and edge of gill-membrane. In C. aratrwin, the ventral filament reaches vent. Seales of back and sides each with 6 to 15 strong spines arranged in 3 to 5 nearly parallel series. The spines stand out at an angle of 45°, those of the central series somewhat larger than those of the lateral rows, and the spines in each row increasing rapidly to the posterior one, which projects well beyond margin of scale in both median and lateral series; the spines are longer and slenderer than in aspecimen of C. parallelus from Japan, and there is less inequality between central and lateral series; ’ on breast, the scales have 3 to 5 short, strongly radiating series of spines, the spines shorter than those on sides; scales of lateral line have 2 equal series of spines, separated by the tube, and have fewer lateral series, or none; on head, the spines are more numerous and much slenderer, and project nearly at right angles to the surface, giving a characteristic hispid appearance to the entire top and side of head; they are arranged with less regularity, but usually in strongly diverging or stellate series; they are much more numerous than in parallelus, and have all the series equal or nearly so; 5 series of scales between lateral line and dorsal fins; the series running upward and backward from first scale of lateral line runs to base of dorsal spine; 4 series cross the back between dorsal fins. Color, light brown above, whitish on lower side of snout and below pectoral fin; mouth and gill cavities and abdominal cavity lined with blue-black, this color faintly visible through opercle, gill- membrane, and abdomen; first dorsal black at base, bright white distally; pectorals, second dorsal, and anal dusky or whitish; yventrals dusky at base, then white. Taken at stations Nos. 3910, off the south coast of Oahu, 311 to 337 fathoms: 3914, off the south coast of Oahu, 289 to 292 fathoms, and 4088, Pailolo Channel, 297 to 306 fathoms. Celorhynchus parallelus Gilbert & Cramer, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XIX, 1897, 421; not of Giinther, Ccelorhynchus doryssus, new species. Plate 94. Type, 345 mm. long, at station 4109, Kaiwi Channel, depth 442 to 449 fathoms; type, No. 51616, U.S. Nat. Mus. Similar to C. aratrum, but with the snout more slender and more convex; the mouth much larger, the scales on head minutely spinous, those on body much less strongly spinous, and the coloration much lighter. Depth of body 2.2 in length of head; D. 11, 7, last ray cleft to base; V.7; P. 17. Lateral contour of head forming a nearly straight line, the outlines of the long narrow snout searcely at all convex, converging regularly from base to tip; upper profile of snout longitudinally concaye, the deepest point in the concavity being at origin of the second third of its length; width of snout opposite front of orbits contained 1.4 in its length; at its middle, the width of the snout is half its preoral por- tion; the snout ends in a definite short spine; vertical diameter of orbit contained 1.6 times in its longi- tudinal diameter, which equals the convex interorbital width, and is contained twice in snout: upper margin of orbit much less curved than the lower or lateral margins; the pore-like anterior nostril is but a fourth the vertical length of the posterior, the 2 nostrils separated by a black membrane; ridges 676 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. on head low but distinct, the inner pair on oeciput converging posteriorly, then again slightly diverg- ing. Median rostral ridge inconspicuous; the strong infraorbital ridge ends posteriorly in a short strong spine, beyond which projects the soft membranous margin of the preopereular lobe; upper lim) of preopercle gently concave in its lower half, gently convex in the upper; transverse width of mouth at tips of maxillaries equal to 0.6 width of snout at same level; front of mouth opposite anterior nostril; tip of maxillary reaching a point opposite posterior margin of pupil; length of maxillary 0.7 preoral portion of snout; teeth small, in wide bands in each jaw, none of them enlarged; barbel very slender, half diameter of pupil; gill-membranes forming a very narrow free fold across throat; 9 tubercles represent gill-rakers on outer arch. 5 First dorsal fin inserted directly above axil of pectoral; second dorsal spine smooth throughout and very slender and weak, the distal half as flexible as a ray, its length equaling 0.7 that of snout; the distance between dorsals equals base of anterior dorsal without its spines, and is crossed by 3 series of scales; anal originating under second or third ray of second dorsal; inner base of ventrals midway between vent and edge of branchial membrane on median line; ventral filament reaching vent; pectorals reach to a point opposite origin of anal fin. Scales of back and sides each with a median ridge composed of imbricating spines, which increase regularly in length posteriorly, the last one projecting little if at all beyond margin of scale; also from 1 to 6 pairs of similar but very low parallel lateral ridges, which never approximate in size to the central ridge, and rarely reach margin of scales; spination much weaker than in parallelus or aratrum; on breast and abdominal regions, the lateral series are much strenger than on back and sides, and are still parallel or nearly so; scales on head without spines, but roughened with minute prickles, which are arranged in more or less evident radiating or stellate series; a naked area is evident on middle of occiput, where the scales fail to meet; naked lines also follow along the ridges, and between nasal bones and rostral ridge; nasal fossa nearly as large as pupil; lower side of head wholly naked, except for a small patch of prickles near tip of snout; 5 series of scales between lateral line and second dorsal fin; 13 scales in a series upward and backward from vent to lateral line. Color very light gray, all the fins, including ventral filament, black throughout; terminal portion of snout and lower side of head blackish; lining of mouth, gill-cavity, and peritoneum black, very faintly visible externally. In young specimens, 125 mim. long and less, apparently belonging to this species, the scales on back and sides are essentially similar to those in adults, both median and lateral series of spines being present, and in about the same relative size. The cephalic ridges seem proportionally higher and are strongly spinous, including a median rostral ridge which loses its prominence in adults; but the intervening areas on head, as well as the breast and belly, are covered with smooth cycloid scales, a few only showing a series of median spines. Specimens less than 100 mm. long are marked by a series of 10 to 15 small black spots along base of anal fin. Taken at the following stations: Nos, 4021, off the east coast of Kauai, 286 to 399 fathoms; 4109, Kaiwi Channel, 442 to 449 fathoms; 4112, Kaiwi Channel, 433 to 447 fathoms; 4122, off the southwest coast of Oahu, 192 to 352 fathoms. Matzocephalus acipenserinus ((ilbert & Cramer). A yery abundant species at depths between 200 and 400 fathoms. The following details may be added to the original description of the species. Lateral margins of head angulated ata point immediately in front of nostrils, in front of which the contours converge much more rapidly. In this anterior segment of the snout, the lateral margin. is soft and membranous, with skeletal basis, but is thickened and covered with comparatively large spinous scales; suborbital bone weakly spinulose; as it fails to join preopercle behind, it is less firmly fixed than usual; occipital region evenly rounded, without trace of the spinous ridges so conspicuous in species of Calorhynchus. Mouth very small, the width posteriorly but 0.3 the width of head on same line. Two types of coloration appear in our specimens. Some are uniform pale brown on upper parts, as in the type, others have a pale spot at base of each scale forming rather definite longitudinal streaks above lateral line. In these specimens, the top of head and the first dorsal fin are spotted or mottled with dark. PLATE 94 Bull.U.S.F.C. 1903 JULIUS BIEN ACO.L CCELORHYNCHUS DORYSSUS GILBERT. TYPE. al 7 FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 6 The largest specimen obtained is 200 mm. long. Taken at the following stations: Nos. 3824, off the south coast of Molokai, 222 to 498 fathoms; 3910, off the south coast of Oahu, 311 to 337 fathoms; 3911, off the south coast of Oahu, 334 to 337 fathoms; 3917, off the south coast of Oahu, 294 to 330 fathoms; 3979, off Bird Island, 222 to 387 fathoms; 4014, off the east coast of Kauai, 362 to 399 fathoms; 4015, off the east coast of Kauai, 318 to 362 fathoms; 4021, off the east coast of Kauai, 286 to 399 fathoms; 4025, off the east coast of Kauai, 275 to 368 fathoms; 4086, off the north coast of Maui, 288 to 308 fathoms; 4088, approach to Pailolo Channel, 297 to 306 fathoms; 4089, approach to Pailolo Channel, 297 to 304 fathoms; 4091, approach to Pailolo Channel, 306 to 308 fathoms. Calocephalus acipenserinus Gilbert & Cramer, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., XTX, 1897, 422, pl. Xvi, fig. 1. Malacocephalus hawaiiensis, new species. lig. 265. Type, 386 em. long, from station 3907, off south coast of Oahu, depth 304 to 315 fathoms; type, No. 51618, U.S. Nat. Mus. Depth at origin of first dorsal 1.2 in length of head; D. 11, 11 or 12; V. 9; P. 19 or 20. This species was secured in the Kaiwi Channel by the Albatross in 1891, and was taken in some abundance during the summer of 1902. It has been identified by Gilbert and Cramer with M. Levis, from the Atlantic, and is undoubtedly closely related to that species. There has been no opportunity Fi. 265.—Malacocephalus hawaiiensis Gilbert, new species. Type. to make direct comparison of specimens, but as Hawaiian specimens in certain important respects fail to answer the current descriptions of MW. levis, it seems advisable to distinguish them from that species. The descriptions of M. levis are lacking in detail, and other distinctive characters may appear when specimens are directly compared. Two specimens captured by the Investigator in the Andaman Sea have been identified by Alcock with MW. /evis, without further remarks. 678 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Snout high and compressed, protruding beyond mouth for an axial distance nearly equaling half orbital diameter; anterior profile of snout very oblique; distance from its tip to premaxillaries contained 4.7 in length of head; length of snout 0.8 longest orbital diameter, and contained 3.5 times in length of head; interorbital space convex, with somewhat depressed central area, its width 0.3 length of head; longest orbital diameter very slightly more than 0.3 length of head; nasal fossa scaled in its posterior half, the longitudinal diameter of naked portion half that of pupil; length of the posterior nostril 0.4 pupil; top and sides of head without conspicuous ridges; greatest width of mouth, measured externally, contained 1.8 times in its greatest length; maxillary reaching a vertical which intersects orbit halfway between pupil and hinder margin of orbit, its length contained 2 or 2.1 times in length of head; pre- maxillary teeth in a double series, the outer of moderate canines, which decrease in size laterally, the inner of much smaller curved teeth directed backward; mandibular teeth uniserial, except at sym- physis, where 2 teeth on either side stand behind 2 of the outer row; anterior teeth about equal to those to which they are opposed in upper jaw; lateral teeth increasing in size backward, and becoming the largest in the mouth; barbel half or slightly more than half orbital diameter; preopercular angle broadly produced backward, the posterior margin very oblique and incurved; above opercle, a wide band of scales covers scapular region, separated from neighboring scaly areas above and below by narrow naked lines; gill-membranes rather narrowly joined across isthmus, forming a fold which is entirely free; anterior gill-slit less constricted than usual, its width 3 times that of slit behind fourth gill; gill-rakers 7 in number, tubercular, but unusually prominent, slightly movable, and bearing long spinous teeth; no exposed spines in connection with opercles or shoulder-girdle. Second dorsal spine very slender and weak, not extending beyond the tip of the following ray and not filamentous, its length 1.6 times in head, very slightly exceeding length of snout and eye; second dorsal very low, but perfectly distinct throughout its course, its first ray about over thirtieth anal ray; interspace between dorsals unusually long, equaling about 2.5 times the base of anterior fin; length of interspace is not described or figured in M. levis, in which the second dorsal is said to be so low and indistinet as to render uncertain the point of origin; anal fin low, its origin vertically under third ray of first dorsal; distance from anal opening to point where edge of branchiostegal membrane crosses isthmus half length of head. In MW. levis Gunther finds the ‘‘distance between the vent and isthmus two-thirds of the length of the head.’ Pectorals shorter than in WV. dvvis, half length of head, and con- taining constantly 19 or 20 rays, instead of 17 or L8, as in that species; outer ventral ray produced, reaching base of tenth or twelfth anal ray. In M. hawaiiensis, as in M. livvis, there is a deep, scaleless, transversely elliptical pit between bases of ventral fins, but in the Hawaiian species the pit issmaller. The anus is equidistant from the base of ventrals and the first anal ray, or slightly nearer anal, and lies at the posterior end of a longitudinally oblong or wedge-shaped naked area, which is separated from the anterior pit by a narrow band of scales.. There is no trace of a constriction dividing anal area into a posterior linear portion containing anus and an anterior oblong portion, as is figured by Gunther in M. levis. The descriptions by Giinther and by Liitken do not, however, agree with the interpretation of the artist. Litken describes the position of the anal opening in J. levis as beneath the fourth ray of the first dorsal, and behind base of pectorals. In hawaiiensis a vertical from the anus traverses the pectoral base and the base of second dorsal spine. The scales are very small, high and narrow, caducous, those on posterior part of body lost in all specimens which we haye obtained; under anterior dorsal, each scale is densely covered with short spines which show no evident arrangement; scales on nape and breast similar; on top of head the spines are similar, but frequently arranged in parallel or diverging lines; no arrangement is apparent on sides of head; head very completely scaled; lips and half the nasal fossee naked; gular membrane with spinous plates on median line only, and those on gill-membranes confined to single series accom- panying rays; with these exceptions all exposed surfaces of head are densely covered; the lateral line deseribes a long convex curve anteriorly, and reaches middle of sides more than a head’s length behind its origin. Color olive-brown above, bluish silvery on sides of head and trunk; gill-membranes and abdomen black; mouth cavity white, gill-chamber black, except the part overlying the epihyal and ceratohyal; abdominal cavity lined with black; first dorsal, ventrals, pectorals, and anterior portions of dorsal and anal fins black. 1 FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 679 The pyloric ceca branch profusely from a few trunk-like stems, there being about 200 terminal twigs. The stomachs contain fragments of shrimp-like crustacea and numerous eyes and jaws of squid. The latter are almost universally present, and indicate that squid form a very important element in their food. Specimens were taken at the following stations: Nos. 3867, Pailolo Channel, 284 to 290 fathoms; 3868, Pailolo Channel, 294 to 684 fathoms; 3884, Pailolo Channel, 284 to 290 fathoms; 3907, off the south coast of Oahu, 304 to 315 fathoms; 3925, off the south coast of Oahu, 299 to 323 fathoms; 3979, near Bird Island, 222 to 387 fathoms; 3988, near Kauai, 165 to 469 fathoms; 4085, off the north coast of Maui, 267 to 283 fathoms; 4087, Pailolo Channel, 306 to 308 fathoms; 4088, Pailolo Channel, 297 to 306 fathoms; 4089, Pailolo Channel, 297 to 304 fathoms; 4090, Pailolo Channel, 304 to 308 fathoms; _ 4096, Pailolo Channel, 272 to 286 fathoms; 4097, Pailolo Channel, 286 fathoms; 4117, off the northwest coast of Oahu, 253 to 282 fathoms; 4130, near Kauai, 283 to 309 fathoms; 4134, near Kauai, 225 to 334 fathoms. Matlacocephalus levis Gilbert & Cramer, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XTX, 1897, 432; not of Lowe. Trachonurus sentipellis Gilbert & Cramer. This is one of the rarer species of the group, but 14 specimens having been obtained, distributed among 10 dredge-hauls. The margins of the scales appear distinct owing to the absence of spines around the edge, but the scales are firmly embedded, without free margins, and overlap little if at all. The spines on the anterior scales appear for the most part without definite arrangement; there are sometimes, however, one angulated vertical series near anterior margin of scale, and # median longitudinal series; lateral spines frequently fill up the interspace between these, forming thus a lozenge-shaped patch. Posteriorly where the spines are long and appressed they give an evenly villous appearance to sides of tail. Head with contours everywhere rounded, without ridges or sharp angles; mouth barely overpassed laterally by the wide flat suborbitals, its width nearly equal to its length; narrow villiform bands of teeth in each jaw, the outer series in the upper jaw little if at all enlarged; gill-membranes widely joined at throat and wholly free from isthmus; six or seven scales between lateral line and base of anterior portion of second dorsal; length of base of first dorsal contained from 1 to 1.75 times in interspace between dorsals; all but the innermost ventral rays reach beyond origin of anal fin; distance from axil of ventrals to front of anal contained 2.25 to 2.75 times in distance from axil of ventrals to throat. Some young specimens are uniformly black. There are variations in the contour of the snout, which is sharper and narrower in some specimens than in others. The scales vary in length of spines and in distinctness of outline. The species was taken at the following stations: Nos. 3997, vicinity of Kauai, 418 to 429 fathoms; 4007, vicinity of Kauai, 508 to 557 fathoms; 4018, vicinity of Kauai, 724 to 804 fathoms; 4028, vicinity _of Kauai, 444 to 478 fathoms; 4030, vicinity of Kauai, 423 to 488 fathoms; 4106, Kaiwi Channel, 335 to 350 fathoms; 4107, Kaiwi Channel, 350 to 355 fathoms; 4109, Kaiwi Channel, 442 to 449 fathoms: 4112, Kaiwi Channel, 483 to 447 fathoms; 4113, Kaiwi Channel, 395 to 433 fathoms. J.S. Nat. Mus., XIX, 1897, 429, pl. xv, fig. 1. Trachonurus sentipellis Gilbert & Cramer, Proc. Family PLEURONECTID#. Peecilopsetta hawaiiensis, new species. Plate 95. Type, a male, 126 mm. long, from station 3858, Pailolo Channel between Molokai and Maui, depth 128 to 138 fathoms; type, No. 51638, U. S. Nat. Mus. Head 24 hundredths in total length without candal (27 in female cotype); length of snout, from lower eye 3, from upper eye 6 (3.5 and 7 in female); interorbital width 2 (1.5 in female); diameter of upper eye 7.5; length of maxillary 7; depth of body 54; depth of caudal peduncle 13; longest dorsal ray 11; longest caudal ray 25; length of right pectoral 17; left pectoral 11; chord of arch of lateral line 22. D. 65; A. 54; P. 10; lateral line 85. Body dextral, deeply elliptical, very thin, transparent at bases of dorsal and anal fins: upper and lower profiles evenly and equally arched; head small; interorbital space narrow and scaled; eyes large, 6350 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. even, the upper encroaching on the profile; head without spines or tubercles; mouth small, oblique, with equal jaws; length of maxillary less than 0.3 length of head; teeth slender, villiform, arranged in wide bands in jaws; more numerous on blind side, where the bands are wider and longer; on eyed side, the bands taper rapidly, becoming single series in upper jaw, soon disappearing in lower jaw; vomer and palatines toothless; gill-rakers very short, toothless, developed on both vertical and hori- zontal limbs of arch, 8 + 12 in number. Dorsal fin beginning above middle of upper eye, extending, like the anal fin, to base of outer caudal rays; dorsal and anal rays all simple, scaleless, low, none of them prolonged; caudal double- truncate; the right pectoral longer than the left, its rays densely covered with series of scales; ventrals nearly symmetrical, with narrow bases, the right slightly in advance of the left. Seales rough-ctenoid on the right side, smooth and eycloid on the left; lateral line developed on right side only, with a high anterior arch, which is obliquely truncate above, its upper line nearly straight and rising posteriorly. Color in spirits, light-olive-brown, with very fine brown spots and some faint dark spots and bars, the spots apparently arranged in a series just within upper and lower outlines, the bars apparently 4+ in number, with ill-defined edges, narrower than interspaces; a series of brown blotches on basal portion of dorsal and anal fins; right pectoral narrowly black-edged; caudal with a pair of large black spots occupying middle of outer rays. In 6 specimens, which do not include the type, the following fin and scale counts are observed: Dorsal 62, 64, 65, 65, 66, and 67; anal 53, 57, 55, 56, 58, and 58; pectoral 9, 10, 12, 11, 10, and 9; scales 85, 84, 97, 84, 84, and 90. The species was taken at the following stations: Nos. 38832, off the south coast of Molokai, 142 to 153 fathoms; 3858, Pailolo Channel, 128 to 138 fathoms; 3957, near Laysan, 173 to 220 fathoms; 4079, off the north coast of Mani, 143 to 178 fathoms; 4080, off the north coast of Mani, 178 to 202 fathoms; 4081, off the north coast of Maui, 202 to 220 fathoms; 4082, off the north coast of Maui, 220 to 238 fathoms; 4120, off the northwest coast of Oahu, 167 to 216 fathoms. Teeniopsetta, new genus. Body sinistral; ventral fins lateral in position, nearly symmetrical; mouth small, teeth small, conical, equally developed on both sides, in single series; scales minute, strongly ciliated in the typical species; a strong anterior arch to lateral line; no lateral line on blind side; a narrow sharp interocular ridge in both sexes; some of anterior dorsal and anal rays prolonged and filamentous. In addition to the typical species, the genus may include Pseudorhombus ocellatus Gunther (Shore- fishes, Challenger, 1880, p. 56, pl. xxiv, figs. A and B), from the Admiralty Islands, although in this species the scales are said to be not ciliated. Teniopsetta Gilbert, new genus of Plewronectide (radula). Tzniopsetta radula, new species. Fig. 266. Type, a male, 115 mm. long, from station 3858, Pailolo Channel between Molokai and Maui, depth 128 to 138 fathoms; type, No. 51639, U.S. Nat. Mus. Length of head 26 hundredths of total length without caudal; length of snout from lower eye 5.5, from upper eye 9; diameter of upper eye 9; length of maxillary 7.5; depth of body 62; least depth of caudal peduncle 10; longest dorsal ray 48 (27 in female cotype); longest anal ray 45 (30 in female); longest non-filamentous dorsal ray 13; longest caudal ray 22; longest pectoral ray 16; chord of arch of lateral line 15. D.88; A. 72; P. 13; pores in lateral lines about 110; rows of scales running upward and forward above lateral line about 140. Vertebrae 9 + 31. Body deeply ovate; ventral outline more arched than dorsal; snout very short, its anterior protile nearly vertical, very slightly ineurved opposite origin of dorsal fin; eyes large, separated by a sharp sealeless ridge, which bears a series of spinous prickles, more or less numerous in both sexes; one or more spines also present on the anterior rim of each orbit, one above premaxillaries, and one at sym- physis of lower jaw; lower eye but little in advance of upper; mouth very small, oblique, maxillary not nearly reaching vertical from front of pupil, about .3 length of head; teeth close-set, conical, equal, ina single series, with a few declined teeth forming an inner series in left premaxillary near angle of mouth; yvomerand palate toothless; gill-rakers nearly obsolete, but 5 very short rudiments on horizontal limb of arch. PLATE 95 Bull. U.S.F.C. 1903. K & <> ere MAY vee x z / peter TAA eemnnanennre rT JULIUS BIEN & CO. LITH.N.Y PCECILOPSETTA HAWAIIENSIS GILBERT. TYPE. FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 681 First dorsal ray inserted on middle of snout, slightly to right of ridge, bordered by a wide con- spicuous membranous flap, the distal portion of which, on blind side, is intensely black, bordered narrowly with white; dorsal rays increasing regularly in length with wide free tips to the twelfth, those from the twelfth to the eighteenth greatly produced and filamentous, all but a narrow basal por- tion free from membrane; first 4 anal rays similarly produced and filamentous, the first much shorter than the others; a jet-black spot margined with white on membrane of first 3 anal rays; caudal fin lanceolate; no free caudal peduncle; right pectoral fin 3 left; ventral fins symmetrical, opposite and of equal length, a very strong concealed spine between them. Seales very minute, those on left side firm, closely imbricated, strongly ciliated; those on right side more loosely imbricated. with entire edges; rays of dorsal and anal fins on the left side, and the Fi. 266.—Taniopsetta radula Gilbert, new species. Type. left ventral rays each accompanied by a row of ctenoid scales; caudal rays with 2 such series; filamen- tous rays scaled on basal portions only; pectoral fins and right ventral scaleless; snout and mouth parts naked; anterior arch of lateral line rather low and flat-topped. Color light olive-brown, finely mottled and specked with darker brown; a series of brown rings along dorsal and ventral outlines, with other smaller rings scattered between these and lateral line; two pairs of rings along straight portion of lateral line with their margins frequently produced across the line, the posterior pair more conspicuous than the anterior; an elongate dark spot near base of caudal; in males a dark streak in front of lower margin of upper eye; blind side faintly mottled with dusky, posteriorly. Females differ from males in having the orbital region somewhat less spinous, in the larger eye, and in the shorter filamentous rays of dorsal and anal. In females the tenth to thirteenth or fourteenth dorsal rays and the first to third or fourth anal rays are produced; in males the tenth or twelfth to 682 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. fifteenth or eighteenth dorsal rays and first 4 or 5 anal rays. In 7. ecellatus the rays are not elongate in females. In 5 specimens, among which this type is not included, the fin and scale counts are as follows: Dorsal 88, 89, 90,92, and 93; anal 72, 72, 73, 75, and 75; pectoral 12, 12, 18, 12, and 12; pores in lateral line -, 120, 120, 115, and -. Taken at the following stations: Nos. 3832, off the south coast of Molokai, 142 to 153 fathoms; off the south coast of Molokai, 115 to 134 fathoms; 3857, Pailolo Channel, 127 to 128 fathoms; 3858, Pailolo Channel, 128 to 138 fathoms; 3859, Pailolo Channel, 138 to 140 fathoms; 3957, Laysan, 173 to 220 fathoms; 4077, off the north coast of Maui, 99 to 105 fathoms; 4099, off thc north coast of Maui, 152 to 153 fathoms; 4101, Pailolo Channel, 122 to 143 fathoms; 4102, Pailolo Channel, 122 to 152 fathoms; 4103. Pailolo Channel, 132 to 141 fathoms. Samariscus, new genus. Like Samavis, but the anterior dorsal and ventral rays not greatly produced and filamentous as in that genus; scales on blind side strongly ciliated instead of smooth; integument of eyed side, including head, body, and fins, thickly beset with minute cup-shaped organs, possibly glandular in funetion; eyes dextral; ventrals symmetrical, laterally inserted, with 5 rays; mouth rather small; teeth in villiform bands; lateral line rising anteriorly, but without arch, present on eyed side only; scales very small, strongly ciliated on both sides; gill-openings contracted, opercle becoming adnate shortly above base of pectoral; gill-rakers nearly obsolete; right pectoral with 4 rays; left pectoral wanting; fins all scaleless, except caudal. Samaricus Gilbert, new genus of Plewronectid# (corallinus). Samariscus corallinus, new species. Plate 96. Type, a male, 110 mm. long, from station 3849, off south coast of Molokai, depth 48 to 73 fathoms; type, No. 51596, U. 8S. Nat. Mus. Length of head 21 hundreds of total length without caudal; length of snout, from lower eye 5, from upper eye 6; diameter of upper eye 4; interorbital width 2; length of maxillary 8.5; depth of body 37; least depth of caudal peduncle 14; length of second dorsal ray 18; length of middle dorsal rays 15; length of posterior dorsal rays 18; length of pectoral 19; length of right ventral 17; length of caudal 28. D. 76; A. 65; P 4.; V. 5; pores in lateral line 98. Long and slender, with nearly parallel outlines; caudal peduncle deep; head very small; mouth very oblique, with strongly protruding lower jaw; maxillary extending below front of pupil; teeth very fine, in bands in both the jaws, the bands wider on blind side; yvomer and palatines toothless; anterior profile indented aboye and in front of upper eye, which is placed slightly behind the lower; inter- orbital space occupied by a blunt ridge, and completely scaled; preopercular margin free; opercle becoming adnate immediately above base of pectoral fin; gill-laminie very scanty, the arches short; a slit behind last arch; gill-rakers nearly obsolete, represented by 2 or 3 rudiments only. Dorsal fin beginning above front of upper eye; first ray inserted slightly to the blind side of ridge, its anterior membrane extending a short distance downward across snout; first 5 or 6 dorsal rays a little higher than those which follow, and extensively free; both dorsal and anal fins increasing in height toward tail, some of posterior rays extending to opposite middle of caudal fin; caudal lanceolate, from a broad base; ventrals symmetrical, composed of 5 rays each; right ventral much longer than left, but without free or filamentous rays; right pectoral very narrow, containing but 4 rays. Scales very strongly ciliated and closely imbricated on the right side, less imbricated and less spinous on the left. Color in spirits, snout and lower jaw pinkish white; head and body coralline-red, mottled and spotted with blackish, pearly gray, and pinkish white in indescribable pattern; middle of side with 2 large cross blotches, their upper half pearly gray, their lower half pinkish, irregularly dark margined; a similar smaller spot at base of caudal, dark margined anteriorly; two round black spots with small orange center near outlines of body at origin of last third of total length; near dorsal outline, in advance of the round spot, are 2 A-shaped dark markings with apex toward the fin; a similar V-shaped spot near lower outline; fins mottled and spotted with colors like those of body, but in finer pattern; — PLATE 96 Bull. U.S.F.C. 1903 SAMARISCUS CORALLINUS GILBERT. TYPE. * FISHES OF HAWATIAN ISLAN minute white ‘‘glandular’’ organs conspicuous, covering eyes and all fins as well as head and trunk, but absent on blind side. In 3 cotypes from the same locality, the fin and scale counts are as follows: Dorsal 75, 76, and 77; anal 63, 63, and 63; pectoral 4, 4, and 4; ventral 5, 5, and 5; scales in lateral line 100, 99, and 99. Anticitharus debilis, new species. Plate 97. Type, a female, 173 mm. long, from station 4103, Pailolo Channel, between Molokai and Maui, depth 132 to 141 fathoms; type, No. 51657, U. S. Nat. Mus. Closely related to A. polyspilus Giinther (Shore-fishes, Challenger, p. 48, pl. 22, fig. A) from the Ki Islands, differing in the longer dorsal and anal fins, the much smaller scales, and the shorter ante- rior curve in lateral line. Length of head 26 hundredths of total length without caudal; length of snout from upper orbit from lower orbit 5.5; horizontal diameter of upper eye 7; length of maxillary 10; greatest depth “37; depth of caudal peduncle 8; longest dorsal ray 10; longest anal ray 10; longest caudal ray 17; longest pectoral ray, on jeft side 12, on right side 4.5; chord of curve of lateral line 12. D. 112; A. 91; P. 13; scales in lateral line 95. Body slender, thin, and fragile, semitransparent, with deciduous smooth scales, and fragile fin rays; anterior profile of snout deeply incurved in adyance of upper eye, the terminal portion of snout protruding hook-like beyond it; mouth rather large, oblique, the maxillary 0.4 length of head, reaching a point behind front of pupil; lower jaw much shorter than upper; anterior premaxillary teeth wholly outside mandibular symphysis in closed mouth; teeth in single series; all those in lower jaw and the anterior teeth of upper jaw are widely spaced moderate canines; lateral teeth in upper jaw much smaller and more closely set; vomer and palatines toothless; eyes separated in females by a very narrow bony septum, which is minutely channeled longitudinally, this accompanied by a single series of narrow scales, or the series may be interrupted over middle of lower eye; males can be at once detected by the slightly wider and more evidently grooved interorbital space, the width of which over middle of eye is about 0.3 diameter of pupil; in males, the interorbital space is scaled throughout; the vertical from the front of upper eye traverses lower eye a little in advance of pupil; no spines or tuber- cles on head in either sex; gill-rakers short, slender, toothed; the longest half diameter of pupil; 10 gill-rakers on horizontal limb of outer arch, none being developed on vertical limb. Dorsal fin beginning on blind side of snout immediately behind nostril; the rays regularly gradu- ated from the first to the longest, which is slightly behind middle of fin, none of them produced; throughout the dorsal fin the membrane extends nearly to tips of rays, leaving only extreme tips free; anal fin wholly similar; left ventral with an elongate base and inserted on ridge of abdomen, its posterior membranes slightly deflected to the left, its attachment lying immediately at left side of base of first anal ray; caudal wedge-shaped, or double truncate with a rounded tip; right pectoral much smaller than left, but with an equal number of rays. Scales cycloid on both sides, and caducous; terminal portion of snout naked, rest of head scaly: each dorsal and anal ray accompanied by a single series of scales; caudal rays alone forked, carrying several series of scales; pectorals and yentrals naked; anterior arch of lateral line flat-topped, its chord contained 5.7 times in straight portion; no lateral line on blind side. Coloration: Light olive-brown, finely freckled with darker brown and sparsely spotted with ‘light, the spots irregular in outline, each surrounded by a darker ring; spots principally distributed on head and near outlines of body; two spots on lateral line, one near middle of its length, accompanied with a large dark spot; vertical fin rays finely mottled, with oblong dark blotches at intervals of 10 to 15 rays. In 5 specimens, which do not include the type, the fin rays and scales are as follows: Dorsal 114, 114, 116, 116, and 117; anal 90, 92, 96, 92, and 95; pectoral 13, 15, 13, 14, and 14; scales in lateral line 97, 94, 98, 96, and —. The genus Anticitharus is most nearly allied to Arnoglossus, from which it differs principally in the very fine scales. Taken at the following stations: Nos. 3832, off the south coast of Molokai, 142 to 153 fathoms: 3997, near Laysan Island, 173 to 220 fathoms; 3958, near Laysan Island, 173 to 182 fathoms: 4101, Pailolo Channel, 122 to 143 fathoms; 4103, Pailolo Channel, 132 to 141 fathoms. 684 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Platophrys mancus (Broussonet ). In addition to the specimens of this common species which were seen almost daily in the Hono- lulu market, others were dredged at depths of less than 75 fathoms. At station 3859, very young specimens were taken which were entirely transparent, and were very probably captured at or near the surface. Young individuals were often secured in the surface tow-nets. Specimens were taken at the following stations: Nos. 8859, Pailolo Channel, 138 to 140 fathoms; 3875, between Maui and Lanai, 34 to 65 fathoms; 3940, vicinity of Laysan, 59 to 70 fathoms; 4070, off the north coast of Maui, 45 to 52 fathoms. Platophrys chlorospilus, new species. Fig. 267. Type, amale, 183 mm. long, from station 4074, off north coast of Maui, depth 78 to 85 fathoms; type, No. 51647, U.S. Nat. Mus. Leneth of head 26.5 hundredths of total length without caudal; longest diameter of orbit 8.5; least interorbital width 6; length of snout, from lower eye 6, from upper eye 14; length of maxillary 10; depth of head across middle of upper eye 30; greatest depth of body 45; depth of caudal peduncle 10; length of left pectoral 21; chord of arch of lateral line 16, D. 108; A. 895 P. 13; scales in lateral line 90. Body rather slender, eyes proportionately large and widely separated; profile slightly angulated in front of upper eye; mouth oblique; maxillary extending to below front of pupil; teeth in single series in both jaws; lateral premaxillary teeth small and close-set; anterior premaxillary and man- Fic. 267.—Platophrys chlorospilus Gilbert, new species. Type. dibular teeth larger and more widely spaced; no teeth on yomer or palatines; interorbital space a wide shallow groove, its width less than the diameter of the large eye; no spines or protuberances about eyes or on snout; gill-rakers slender, toothless, 9 in number, the longest 0.8 diameter of pupil, wholly wanting on vertical limb of arch; slit behind last gill short, 0.3 diameter of eye. Anterior dorsal rays free for half their length, not produced or filamentous, increasing regularly in length from the first; left ventral inserted on the pre-anal ridge, membrane of last ray deflected to lett side of ridge; vertical fins all low; caudal double truncate, or doubly emarginate, median ray produced; left pectoral twice as long as right, second and third rays prolonged somewhat beyond general contour of fin. In P. manecus of the same size and sex, the left pectoral would be greatly produced. Caudal rays branched, other rays simple. Scales strongly ctenoid on left side, cycloid on right side; lateral line present on left side only, its anterior arch flat-topped; chord of arch contained 4.2 times in straight portion; interorbital space and mandible sealed; a few scales on exposed part of maxillary; terminal half of snout naked; single series of scales on dorsal and anal fin-rays and double series on caudal rays. AN 'HLIT-09 9 N18 SNITOe “AdA| “Led38719 SITIGSG SNYVHLIOILNY 16 3Lv1q or eure cos OA SNAG ais is FISHES OF HAWATIAN ISLANDS. 685 In life, ground color olive-gray, flecked with olive-brown; aseries of large spots near dorsal and anal outlines of body, and some intermediate spots olive-green, with olive-brown ocellating rings; an inter- ocular bar, and some spots on rostrum bright greenish yellow; intervals between rostral spots with much blue; vertical fins finely dotted with brown, and marked with equidistant oblong brown spots. Only the type specimen is known. Platophrys inermis, new species. Fig. 268. Type, a female, 179 mm. long, from station 4102, Pailolo Channel, between Molokai and Maui, depth 122 to 132 fathoms; type, No. 51648, U.S. Nat. Mus. Length of head 26 hundredths of total length without caudal; length of snout, from lower eye 5.5, from upper eye 11; diameter of upper eye 8; interorbital width 3 (5. in male); length of maxillary 10; depth of body 45; depth of caudal peduncle 9.5; longest dorsal ray 10; longest caudal ray 19; longest ray of left pectoral 16; chord of curye of lateral line 16. D. 106; A. 86; P. 13; scales in lateral line 87. Body sinistral, of moderate depth; outlines evenly curved; no angle above upper eye in either sex; mouth oblique; maxillary reaching vertical from front of pupil; mandibular symphysis with no spine and scarcely protruding beyond lower profile; teeth slender, conical, in a single series in each ree an 55 = ae = a Fig. 268.—Platophrys inermis Gilbert, new species. Type, jaw; palate unarmed; front of upper eye slightly behind vertical from front of pupil of lower eye; interorbital space gently concave; gill-rakers slender, short, about 0.2 diameter of pupil, 10 in number on horizontal limb of outer arch. First dorsal ray inserted well on blind side of snout, immediately above nostrils, more widely separated than other rays, and provided anteriorly with a free membranous flap; none of the dorsal rays produced or largely free; dorsal highest at origin of its posterior third; longest dorsal ray equal- ing distance from tip of snout to middle of lower eye; caudal peduncle without free portion; left ventral with an elongate base, its rays all inserted on ventral ridge; membrane from last ventral ray deflected to the left, leaving the ridge, and not connecting with front of anal fin; length of pectoral equal to distance from tip of snout to middle of upper eye, its uppermost ray very short, about 0.1 second ray; all the fins, except caudal, with rays unbranched. : Seales small, those on left (eyed) side rough-ctenoid, moderately deciduous; those on right side eyeloid; right side without lateral line; lateral line on left side with a short high arch, which is broadly flat-topped, the summit being a horizontal straight line; chord of arch contained 44 times in posterior straight portion of lateral line. A short supplemental branch forks and forms a Y behind upper eye; maxillary and snout but partly scaled; rest of head, including mandible and interorbital space, wholly sealed; rays of dorsal and anal fins each with a single row of scales; pectorals and ventrals 686 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. naked, except for 2 or 3 scales on basal portion of last 2 ventral rays; each caudal ray accompanied by a narrow band of scales. Male specimens at hand average smaller than females. They differ only in the wider interorbital space, the slight lengthening of upper pectoral rays, which project beyond the normal margin of the fin, and the smaller eye, 3.5 in the head. The anterior profile is slightly steeper, with a very slight angle above eye. No tubercles or spines are developed on head in either sex. Color in spirits, everywhere light brownish olive, closely freckled with fine dark spots which are most conspicuous on head; trunk with lengthwise series of round light olive spots, each surrounded by a darker ring; these conspicuous in young, but indistinct in older specimens; one series of spots, smaller and more numerous than the others, extends along bases of dorsal and anal fins; 2 or 3 well marked series of larger spots between these and lateral line; 2 or 3 light dark-edged streaks run forward and downward from upper eye to snout; rays of vertical fins finely spotted with dark, more elongate darker spots occurring at intervals along fins; pectorals unmarked. A very young example, 45 mm. long, was taken at station 3957, near Laysan Island, 173 fathoms. The body is translucent, with small dark spots occupying the position of the future dark rings. The dorsal has 110 rays. In 4 specimens, other than the type, the counts are as follows: Male, dorsal 113, anal 4, pectoral 13, scales 86; male, dorsal 109, anal 92, pectoral 14, scales 89; female, dorsal 108, anal 91, pectoral 13, scales 85; male, dorsal 107, anal 89, pectoral 14, scales 83. The species was taken at the following stations: Nos. 3957, near Laysan Island, 173 fathoms; 4077, off north coast of Maui, 99 to 106 fathoms; 4101, Pailolo Channel, 122 to 148 fathoms; 4102, Pai- lolo Channel, 122 to 132 fathoms; 4103, Pailolo Channel, 132 to 141 fathoms. Platophrys coarctatus, new species. Fig. 269. Type, a female, 162 mm. long, station 3859, Pailolo Channel, between Molokai and Maui, depth 138 to 140 fathoms; type, No. 51602, U.S. Nat. Mus. Length of head 25.5 hundreths of total length without caudal; length of snout, from lower eye 6, from upper eye 9; interorbital width 1; length of maxillary 9; diameter of upper eye 7; depth of body 42; depth of caudal peduncle 10; longest dorsal ray 12; longest caudal ray 20; length of left pectoral 15, of right pectoral 8. D. 120; A. 99; P. 13; scales in lateral line 96. Fig. 269.—Platophrys coarctatus Gilbert, new species. Type. Form regularly elliptical, with the 2 profiles evenly curved; a slight notch in middle of upper pro- file of snout; mouth rather small, very oblique, the maxillary not reaching vertical line from front ot lower pupil; teeth in single series, present in jaws only, those on sides of premaxillaries small and close-set; anterior teeth larger and more widely spaced; mandibular teeth larger and more widely spaced than lateral premaxillary teeth; mandible massive, the 2 jaws equal, the symphysis not pro- a FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 687 truding; eyes separated anteriorly by a narrow grooye, not half as wide as diameter of pupil, and alike in both sexes; below posterior half of upper eye the groove is narrowed toa sharp ridge; front of upper eye over front of lower pupil; no spines or tubercles in either sex; gill-rakers slender, the longest half or less than half diameter of pupil, 10 present on horizontal limb of arch; vertical limb without appendages, as in related species. First dorsal ray inserted on blind side of snout, immediately above nostrils, the second ray on dorsal ridge; first few dorsal rays free from membrane for about half their length, but none of them produced, the first shorter than succeeding rays, which increase regularly; left ventral inserted upon pre-anal ridge, the membrane of last ray joining body immediately to left of first anal ray; pectoral of colored side nearly twice as long as that of blind side. Scales very small, not closely adherent, rather weakly ctenoid on the left side, eycloid on the right; lateral line present on left side only; anterior arch flat-topped, its chord contained 5 times in straight portion of lateral line; interorbital groove naked immediately above middle of upper eye, elsewhere scaly; symphyseal portion of mandible and terminal half of snout naked; exposed portion of maxillary sealed. Color, light olive-brown, profusely covered with green spots of varying size, each surrounded with a darker ring; series of spots, larger than the others, occur near dorsal and anal outlines, and halfway between these and lateral line; a short dash in front of upper eye and one behind it; a con- spicuous sharply angulated streak connecting lower anterior margin of upper eye with anterior margin of lower eye; four conspicuous spots on lateral line, two of these near together, immediately behind arch, one at middle of straight portion, and one just in advance of caudal peduncle; dorsal and anal fins finely mottled with dark, with a series of regularly arranged darker blotches. In 5 specimens, not including the type, there are the following fin and scale counts: Dorsal 115, 115, 116, 114, and 121; anal 95, 96, 96, 93, and 98; pectoral 14, 14, 14, 13, and 14; scales in lateral line 93, 94, 94, 93, and 94. The species was taken at the following stations: Nos. 3859, Pailolo Channel, 138 to 140 fathoms; 3938, near Laysan Island, 148 to 163 fathoms; 3957, near Laysan Island, 173 to 220 fathoms; 4079, off the north coast of Maui, 148 to 178 fathoms. Engyprosopon hawaliensis Jordan & Eyermann. Two specimens, secured at station 4067, off the north coast of Maui, depth 10 to 14 fathoms, seem referable to this species. They are much lighter in color than the type specimen from Honolulu, and are very finely mottled with light gray and brown. A series of inconspicuous dark spots along the middle of sides, and others near base of dorsal and anal, can not be detected in the type. On close examination, however, the type shows the finer mottlings. Indistinct dark and light bars traverse the interocular space. The fins are finely freckled. The fin rays are: Dorsal 79, 80; anal 57, 58; scales in lateral line 45, 46. Engyprosopon xenandrus, new species. Fig. 270. Type, a male, 86 mm. long, from station 3849, off the south coast of Molokai, depth 43 to 73 fathoms; type, No. 51651, U. S. Nat. Mus. Most nearly related to 2. grandisquamis (Schlegel) from Japan, readily distinguished from that species by the larger eye, provided with a fringed membrane in the male, by the much narrower interorbital space in the female, by the more elongate body, the more numerous fin-rays, and by certain details of color. Length of head 29 hundredths of total length without caudal; length of snout, from lower eye 7, from upper eye 17; length of maxillary 11; longest diameter of upper eye 8; interorbital width 9 (2 in a iemale cotype of equal size); greatest depth of body 55; least depth of caudal peduncle 12; longest dorsal ray 15; longest anal ray 13; length of caudal 22; length of pectoral 20; chord of curve of lateral line 16. D. 88; A. 66; P. 12; V. 6; vertebrze 9 + 26; scales in lateral line 50, not including those on base of caudal fin; 12 scales in a nearly vertical series from origin of straight portion of lateral line to base of dorsal fin. Body comparatively elongate; anterior profile (in males) abruptly angulated above upper eye, thence descending very steeply to near tip of snout, which projects, forming a re-entrant angle with F.C. B. 1903, Pt. 2—8 688 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. descending profile; mouth small, oblique, maxillary scarcely reaching vertical from front of pupil, barely longer than diameter of lower eye; teeth small, villiform, in a single series in upper jaw and on sides of mandible, broadening to an irregular double series or a narrow patch near symphysis; palate smooth; vertical from front of upper eye passes through middle of lower eye (in males); interorbital width wide and deeply concave; opposing margins of orbits elevated; a strong spine immediately in advance of middle of upper eye, and a shorter compressed spine on anterior portion of its lower rim; a similar spine on upper anterior margin of lower orbit, and a slenderer spine near tip of snout; symphysis of lower jaw protrudes slightly, but the spine developed on chin in EF. grandisquamis is wanting in this species; all spines wanting in females, in which also the interorbital space is of scarcely appreciable width; in the male, each eye is furnished posteriorly with a conspicuous broad semicircular membrane, the free margin of which is posteriorly directed and finely fringed; no trace of this membrane exists in females; gill-rakers short and slender, their length about half diameter of pupil, 12 in number on horizontal limb of outer arch. Dorsal fin originating opposite the re-entrant angle near tip of snout, the first 3 or 4 rays inserted a little to the blind side of ridge, the first ray provided with a free membranous flap on its anterior FIG. 270.—Engyprosopon xenandrus Gilbert, new species. Type. edge, none of the rays clongate or with free tips; ventrals unsymmetrical, that of left or eyed side inserted on ventral ridge and having an elongate base beginning at throat, the membrane of last ray deflected to the left side of ventral ridge, and not joining first anal ray; anus displaced to the right side and lying a little posterior to origin of anal fin; right ventral with a short base, inserted laterally and posteriorly with reference to the left ventral. Scales on left (eyed) side ctenoid and caducous, on right side cyeloid and more closely adherent; cheeks, opercles, interorbital space and snout closely scaled; maxillary and mandible naked; lateral line describing anteriorly a high short curve, the chord of which is about twice its height. Color in life, grayish on eyed side, with blackish shades and mottlings, with 3 ill-defined black spots along middle of sides and a grayish interocular bar bordered with blackish; axil of pectorals black- _ ish; vertical fins more or less speckled; dorsal and anal usually with a subbasal series of dark spots alternating with a basal series of pearly spots; a pair of faint dark spots on caudal near its base; pec- toral with a dark bar at base, a wider bar near middle of fin, and several ill-defined narrow bars on distal half; head and body with many small indistinct yellow spots; posterior half of blind side dusky, FISHES OF HAWAILAN ISLANDS. 689 clouded with grayish; anterior half whitish; region behind preopercle marked with many narrowly elengate vertical lemon-yellow spots; anterior part of dorsal fin and snout marked with numerous small yellow spots; dorsal and anal edged with yellow, the color extending downward on rays. Very numerous specimens were secured, the species being abundant in depths of 40 to 100 fathoms. The males occasionally develop 3 or 4 spines about upper eye instead of the 2 present in the type. The females are mature, the ovaries lying in a backward extension of body cavity along base of anal fin. The following fin-counts indicate the variation in this respect: Dorsal 79, 84, 86, 86, 87, 87, 87, 88, 89, and 91; anal 61, 65, 66, 66, 66, 68, 68, 66, 69, and 67. Specimens were secured at the following stations: Nos. 3846, south coast Molokai, 60 to 64 fathoms; 3848, south coast Molokai, 44 to 73 fathoms; 3849, south coast Molokai, 43 to 73 fathoms; 3850, south st Molokai, 43 to 66 fathoms; 3861, Pailolo Channel, 80 to 52 fathoms; 3875, Avau Channel, 34 to 65 fathoms; 3940, Laysan Island, 59 to 70 fathoms; 3963, Laysan Island, 319 to 44 fathoms; 4066, east end Maui, 176 to 49 fathoms; 4070, north coast Maui, 45 to 52 fathoms; 4071, north coast Maui, 52 to 56 fathoms; 4072, north coast Maui, 56 to 59 fathoms; 4073, north coast Maui, 69 to 78 fathoms; 4075, north coast Mani, 49 to 57 fathoms; 4076, north coast Maui, 57 to 68 fathoms; 4077, north coast Maui, 99 to 106 fathoms; 4128, vicinity of Kauai, 68 to 90 fathoms; 4133, vicinity of Kauai, 165 to 41 fathoms. Chascanopsetta prorigera, new species. Fig. 271. Type, a male 225 min. long, from station 4080, off the north coast of Maui, depth 178 to 202 fathoms; type, No. 51605, U. 8S. Nat. Mus. Length of head 23 hundredths of total length without caudal; greatest depth 34; least deptb of caudal peduncle 5; longest diameter of orbit 6; interorbital width 8; length of snout, from lower eye 5, from upper eye 9; length of maxillary 14; length of mandible 19; length of left pectoral 15; length of right pectoral 3; length of caudal 17; chord of arch of lateral line 12. D. 125; A. 89; P. 14; scales in lateral line 140. Fic, 271.—Chascanopsetta prorigera Gilbert, new species. Type. Body very thin, as in Cynicoglossus, in shape a very elongate oval, the greatest depth immediately behind curve of lateral line, the upper and lower profiles behind this point gently conyerging and nearly straight; caudal peduncle free for a distance equaling half diameter of pupil. Head very deep; pre- opercular angle blunt; vertical height of cheeks nearly 3 times their longitudinal width; upper profile faintly incurved behind terminal part of snout; eyes well separated, imterorbital space naked, deeply concave; upper eyea little behind the lower, its anterior margin in a vertical which traverses lower eye halfway between its front and front of pupil; mouth large and very oblique; maxillary very long and slender throughout, its tip reaching vertical from hinder margin of lower eye; each mandibular ramus becomes vertically dilated to form a thin Jamella in the middle of its length; toward symphysis, the lower jaw becomes very narrow, the dentigerous portion protruding beyond snout for half diameter of pupil; teeth large, equal, rather distant, in single series, hooked and depressible inward; a pair of long membranous palps, each folded over longitudinally, with their free margins directed inward, depend from 690 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. roof of mouth behind vomer; they are directed forward, their tip reaching base of anterior teeth; gill-rakers nearly obsolete, 4 or 5 very short movable ones next the angle. Dorsal fin beginning on snout immediately above anterior nostril; first ray inserted yery slightly toward right side of ridge; anterior rays joined by membrane at base only, succeeding rays exserted progressively less; the first ray is longer than any of those that immediately succeed it, these decreasing rapidly to fifth or sixth ray, then slowly lengthening, the longest rays at beginning of posterior third of tin; anal fin similar, without anterior lobe; caudal lanceolate; the anterior two-fifths of base of left ventral lying between interopercles, the base lying along pre-anal ridge, its posterior membrane very short, attached immediately behind last ray, leaving a long free space between yventrals and first anal ray; left pectoral long, about two-thirds length of head; right pectoral shorter than diameter of pupil. Seales minute, everywhere cycloid; rays of caudal fin accompanied by series of scales, other fins naked; lateral line equally and similarly developed en both sides, the anterior curve short, rather low, flat-topped, its chord contained 6 times in straight portion of lateral line. Color very light brownish olive, everywhere coarsely flecked with light brown; peritoneum blue- black, the color visible through the thin abdominal walls; three irregular dark blotches, with black centers shading into brown, lie along lateral line, the first small, just behind curve of lateral line, the second ‘and longest in advance of middle of straight portion, the third near tail; dorsal and anal finely mottled, with a series of inconspicuous large brown spots along basal half; caudal membrane blackish; left pectoral dusky. The stomach was distended with the partially digested remains of some fish. Only the type is known. The species differs strikingly from C. lugubris Aleock (Jour. As. Soc. Beng., vol. 63, 1894, p. 129, pl. 6, fig. 4), from the Bay of Bengal, 145 to 250 fathoms, in the shape of anterior curve of lateral line. In C. lugubris the anterior portion of lateral line is sharply angulated above base of pectorals, while in C. prorigera there is the flat-topped curve common among species of Platophrys. Pelecanichthys crumenalis Gilbert & Cramer. This most peculiar flounder was taken sparingly on sandy and muddy bottom at depths of from 238 to 344 fathoms. It was found only in the Pailolo Channel and its approaches, and in the southerly continuation of the Kaiwi Channel, where it was originally obtained. Its food consists of shrimps and other small crustacea. The genus is probably most closely related to Chascanopsetta Alcock. Taken at the following stations: Nos. 8839, Pailolo Channel, 259 to 266 fathoms; 3865, Pailolo Channel, 256 to 283 fathoms; 3866, Pailolo Channel, 283 to 284 fathoms; 3867, Pailolo Channel, 284 to 290 fathoms; 3884, Pailolo Channel, 284 to 290 fathoms; 3907, off the south coast of Oahu, 304 to 315 fathoms; 3908, off the south coast of Oahu, 304 to 308 fathoms; 3909, off the south coast of Oahu, 308 to 322 fathoms; 3910, off the south coast of Oahu, 311 to 337 fathoms; 3911, off the south coast of Oahu, 337 to 344 fathoms; 3920, off the south coast of Oahu, 265 to 280 fathoms; 4083, off the north coast of Maui, 238 to 253 fathoms; 4097, Pailolo Channel, 286 fathoms. Pelecanichthys crumenalis Gilbert & Cramer, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XTX, 1897, 433, pl. XLVII. Family SOLEIDA. Symphurus undatus, new species. Plate 98. Type, 105 mm. long, from station 4114, off the northwest coast of Oahu, depth 154 to 195 fathoms; type, No. 51619, U. 8. Nat. Mus. Head 4.85 in length to base of caudal; depth 3.28. D. 97; A. 87; V.4; C. 14; series of scales downward and backward, counted along middle of sides, 113. Body of moderate depth, with a narrow truncate caudal base; mouth greatly curved; maxillary reaching vertical from middle of lower eye; eyes very close together, upper slightly in advance; pos- terior two-thirds of interorbital space occupied by a rather irregular patch of scales which encroach on eyes; between anterior portions of eyes, the usual broad flap, beneath which opens posterior nostril; anterior nostril in a long tube immediately above upper lip, and slightly nearer lower eye than extremity of snout; on blind side, the anterior nostril tube is the shorter; posterior nostril slit-like, at upper end of a vertical fold which runs upward from a point in front of angle of mouth. A N'HLIV09 BNBIB SAAC “BdAl LHAETIN SNLVANN SNYNHAIWAS ee : § ere yo fer. 4 (SC +0 x As Ud BOA ie anes, rn : vy. ene Oe Be, ( 4 he Coes 86 3Lv1dg e06! 04S N11Ng FISHES OF HAWATLAN ISLANDS. 691 First dorsal ray inserted over middle of eye; ventral consisting of 4 rays, {ts posterior membrane ruptured in the type. . Scales very strongly ciliated on both sides of body. No trace of lateral line. Color, a warm brown, with narrow, wavy streaks of light olive, the streaks running in all diree- tions and irregularly anastomosing; fins translucent, with frequent rays which are brown for the greater part of their length; other rays more or less brown. A single cotype, from station 4120, off northwest coast of Oahu, 167 to 216 fathoms, shows the following formula: D. 103, A. 88; V. 4; scales 106. In this smaller specimen the anastomosing wavy lines are wider and less clearly defined. Symphurus strictus, new species. Type, 106 mm. long, from station 5920, off the south coast of Oahu Island, depth 265 to 280 fathoms; type, No. 51624, U.S. Nat. Mus. Head 5 in length to base of caudal; depth 4.2. D. 115; A. 102; C. 14; V. 4; series of scales running downward and backward 120. Very elongate; mouth curved; maxillary reaching vertical from front or middle of pupil; eyes yery small, close together, the upper ‘slightly in advance of lower, between them a single series of i Sine bash ea a eae ee y a iae ‘4 os 2 EERE MR PI a ee FiG, 272.—Symphurus strictus Gilbert, new species. Type. sees, in addition to which, scales are sometimes present on adjacent parts of eye; anterior portion of interorbital space occupied by a wide flap, under which posterior nostril opens; right anterior nostril tubular, immediately above upper lip, slightly nearer lower eye than tip of snout; left anterior nostril slit-like, opening under upper end of a vertical fold which extends upward from behind angle of mouth; snout, jaws, and chin, and a narrow streak along profile to front of dorsal naked. Dorsal fin beginning above middle of upper eye; caudal with a vertically truncate base, its rays easily distinguished from dorsal and anal; membranes of last ventral ray joining first anal ray above its middle. Scales adherent and very strongly ctenoid on both sides; no trace of a lateral line. Color light olivaceous, faintly marbled with light olive-brown; indistinct narrow dark lines follow the rows of scales; fins slightly dusky, unmarked; peritoneum jet-black; color showing distinctly through the abdominal walls. Four cotypes were secured at station 4021, off the east coast of Kauai, at a depth of 286 to 399 fathoms. In 3 of these the counts are as follows: Dorsal 108, 109, and 113; anal 95, 95, and 98; ventral 4, 4, and 4; seales 125, 117, and 114. Family LOPHITDAE. Lophiomus miacanthus, new species. Fig. 273. Type. 143 mm. in total length (from mandibular tip to margin of caudal) from station 4117, off the northwest coast of Oahu, depth 253 to 282 fathoms; type, No. 51627, U. S. Nat. Mus. Length of head equaling distance from gill-slit to middle of caudal; width equaling its length; major diameter of eye contained 4.8 times in head, frontal width above middle of orbits 4.5; length of 692 BULLETIN OF 'THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. snout 3.8; protruding portion of mandible 7; length of maxillary 1.9; maxillary reaching a vertical from front of pupil. D. mi-1-8; A. 7; P. 21; V.1, 5; C. 8; branchiostegals 6; vertebrie 18. Teeth in front of mandible in about 3 series; inner series much the longest; all depressible, except some of smaller teeth of outer row; laterally, the mandibular teeth are reduced to a single series; premaxillary teeth in 2 series; in outer series, 5 or 6 of anterior teeth closely spaced, of moderate length, depressible; lateral teeth about 10 in number, short, rigid, widely spaced, slightly increasing in length toward angle of mouth; a single yomero-palatine series of very unequal teeth; each lower pharyngeal with 2 series of long teeth diverging backward; a few similar teeth forming a transverse series on each upper pharyngeal; gills 3, the fourth arch without filaments; no gill-rakers; pseudobranchize present; gill-opening unusually wide, the membranes free from arm along entire anterior, inferior and posterior aspects of the latter, attached only to a portion of superior side of arm; supraocular rim composed of a projecting thin lamella strengthened by 8 ridges which radiate outward and forward, and terminate in short spines; two of these project outward above posterior half of eye, the third directed forward, its tip in advance of pupil; a short spine rises vertically from the point on interorbital space to which these ridges converge; immediately behind upper part of orbit, a spine marks inner end of a blunt transverse ridge; behind middle of eye are 3 lower points arranged in a lengthwise series, the anterior oy Fic, 273.—Lophiomus miacanthus Gilbert, new species. Type. 2 connected by a ridge; other spines on occiput and opercular bones occupy the usual position; occipital ridges prominent, bearing each a single spine, and then turned obliquely outward and back- ward; nasal spines double; immediately behind them, the anterior and posterior nasal openings are found near the tip of the heavy club-shaped nasal tubercle. Anterior 2 dorsal spines close together near tip of snout; the first but little shorter than the second, which extends a little beyond base of third; first spine black, terminating in a small but conspicuous short, white, fleshy tip, which narrows to a minute cirrus; second spine grayish, without tentacles or flaps; third spine located directly between the 2 occipital spines, and reaching with its tip to or slightly beyond origin of soft dorsal; at beginning of its terminal fourth it is bordered by a short membranous expansion, which rapidly tapers and disappears; the terminal fourth is white, and a dusky bar fre- quently crosses membrane; second group of dorsal spines represented by a single very weak spine shorter than pupil, with sometimes the rudiment of a second; last dorsal and anal rays not bound down to caudal peduncle. Labial fringes well developed; a series of slender nearly simple filaments accompanying lateral line; abdomen covered with widely spaced short fimbriated flaps, some wide and some narrow, these white in color on a dark background, and very conspicuous. FISHES OF HAWAILAN ISLANDS. 693 Color in spirits, light grayish above, much mottled with darker; filaments on sides of snout arising each from a small round light spot, contrasting with the darker ground; under parts lighter; abdomen usually dark, covered with sharply contrasting white flaps; mouth and gill-cavities white, peritoneum jet-black. Stomach globular, very large, the 2 openings immediately adjacent; intestine crc transversely in front, communicating with it in passing, and terminating in a blind sac, which repre- sents the single pyloric cecum; left liver lobe short; right long and narrow, extending to near middle ot body cavity, its posterior end slightly hollowed out for the gall-bladder; intestine making a single short loop, its length but two-thirds total length of fish; the stomach contained the remains of a small fish, together with considerable mud, which was probably swallowed during capture of fish. Specimens were taken at the following stations: Nos. 3998, vicinity of Kauai, 228 to 235 fathoms; 4096, approach to Pailolo Channel, 272 to 286 fathoms; 4117, off the northwest coast of Oahu, 282 fathoms; 4182, vicinity of Kauai, 257 to 312 fathoms. yssing the stomach 3 to Family CHAUNACID. Chaunax umbrinus, new species. Fig. 274. Type 54 mm. long, from station 8885, Pailolo Channel, between Mani and Molokai; type, No. 51547, U. S. Nat. Mus. Closely related to (C. fimbriatus Hilgendort, from Japan, but the spines finer and shorter, the fins higher, the pectorals with more numerous rays, and the color dark. Head 65 hundredths of total length to base of caudal; maxillary of tentacular groove 8; length of tentacle 6; diameter of eye 13; greatest depth (uninflated) 32; interorbital width 9; length Fig. 274.—Chaunax umbrinus Gilbert, new species. Type. greatest width, at base of pectorals 54; distance from tip of snout to origin of dorsal 56; length of dorsal base 34; longest dorsal ray 17; length of caudal 36; length of pectorals 17; length of ventrals 15. DeldiswAtip> bass Tentacle somewhat shorter and thicker than in (. fimbriatus, occupying about three-fourths the groove; sensory canals arranged as in fimbriatus, but the lateral lines approach more nearly the front of dorsal fin; spines much shorter and finer, resembling shagreen; skin opaque, dark gray on upper parts, mottled and blotched with darker shades; caudal blackish, with a lighter cross-bar on basal half; pectorals black, with some grayish lines at base; yentrals yellowish; under parts grayish, uniform. One specimen known. 694 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Family CERATIDA. Miopsaras, new genus. Like Mancalias and Cryptopsaras, bat with basal joint of the single dorsal spine thickened and greatly reduced in length, directed forward and lying concealed in a shallow pit, its distal portion represented by a short, slender, fleshy filament attached to tip of the heavy basal portion; which does not taper into it. A pair of caruncles, without median element, as in Mancalias. Body narrowly compressed, back gently arched, anterior profile and cleft of mouth directed down- ward and forward, lower profile rising in a nearly straight line to the slender caudal peduncle; yomer and palatines toothless; gill-opening a nearly vertical slit below axil of pectoral; gills 23, the anterior arch attached for the greater part of its length, asin Macrourus; filaments of outer series of anterior arch but half as long as those of inner series, with which they alternate; third arch witha single series of filaments, and attached throughout; no gill-rakers developed; eyes minute and inconspicuous; pectorals short, with 18 rays; ventrals absent; skin densely covered with minute spines, which form a fine shagreen. Miopsaras Gilbert, new genus of Ceratiida (myops). Miopsaras myops, new species. Plate 99. Type, 114 mm. long (from mandibular articulation to tip of caudal), from station 4019, in the vicin- ity of Kauai Island, depth 409 to 550 fathoms; type, No. 51687, U.S. Nat. Mus. Length of head from tip of snout to gill-slit 0.1 greater than vertical depth at snout; greatest width of head contained 2.7 times in length; length of snout 2.75 times; distance from tip of snout to end of maxillary 2 times. D. 4; A. 4; P. 18; C. 8. Mandible included, its symphy s provided with a strongly protruding spinous tip; mandibular teeth anteriorly in 2 ill-defined series; inner teeth long and fang-like, all depressible; premaxillary teeth in 2 or 8 poorly marked series, the largest teeth located anteriorly in the inner row, not half size of mandibular fangs; tongue, yvomer, and palatines toothless; a long slender nasal tube near tip of snout, apparently with 2 perforations at its summit; gill-slit longer than pectoral fin, contained 6 times in length of head, its upper end behind lower pectoral rays, the direction of the slit downward and a little forward. Dorsal spine inserted but little behind eye; length of basal portion less than 3 times its width, about twice diameter of eye, and about 0.1 length of head; spine directed forward, in a shallow, naked erooye, the naked area narrowing in front of spine and continued well beyond it, about halfway to tip of snout; to the tip of the basal portion, at its anterior (lower) face, is attached a slender white filament, hardly to be made out with the unaided eye, the spine and filament scarcely extending halfway from their base to tip of snout; caruncles opposite each other; distance from their insertion to front of dorsal about equal to base of latter; no globular body between them, but immediately in front, on median line, a slight elevation of the integument, containing a shallow, naked pocket, open- ing posteriorly; no pore could be detected opening into base of this pocket; caruncles each with a very slender stalk and an enlarged globular head, the latter having a specialized area at tip, devoid of prickles and covered with a thin opaque white integument; each caruncle perforated at tip by a short slit or pore; fin rays all simple, except the 4 middle rays of caudal; longest caudal ray 0.85 length of head; pectoral very short, its length equaling that of gill-slit; vent separated from anal fin by a dis- tance equaling base of latter. Entire body, including all the fin rays, invested with close-set prickles; the grooye for dorsal spine, the spine itself, tips of caruncles, eye, and lips the only naked areas. Body and fins everywhere jet-black; mouth cavity whitish with dusky areas. Only the type is known, AdA| LHAETID SdOAW SVYHVSdOIW £061 04S N1NG FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 695 Family OGCOCEPHALID. Malthopsis mitrigera Gilbert & Cramer. Fifty-two specimens were taken at 13 stations, the depth ranging usually from 250 to 500 fathoms. Median portions of breast and belly as fully plated as the back; antero-lateral margin of disk furnished with 2 series of plates separated by a shallow groove; below these, posteriorly, a third series which runs from angle to point opposite posterior margin of orbit, where it turns abruptly mesad and joins its fellow across middle of breast; the naked space containing anal opening surrounded anteriorly and laterally by 2 parallel series of plates, the outer of these crossing median line immediately behind ventral fins, and continued laterally along posterior lower margin of arm; breast with 2 large plates on middle line, and a series of plates on either side which pass between bases of yentrals and diverge anteriorly; upper half of eye above pupil covered with small plates with radiating ridges, the lower series of these larger and centrally elevated; yvomerine teeth minute, forming a moderate transverse band; separated from this band by a narrow line, on each side, is a small round palatine patch much less than half size of yomerine patch; tongue covered with retrorse teeth; longitudinal diameter of orbit two-fifths its distance from gill-opening; anterior nostril in a short tube, rather widely separated from posterior, which is a small roundish pore; when extended, the pectorals fail to reach tip of sub- opercular spine; ventrals not nearly reaching margin of disk; no functional gills on first or fourth arches. Our specimens range in length from 33 to 80mm. The younger individuals differ in no essential features from the adults. In the Zoological Record for 1896, Vol. XX XIII, Pisces, page 22, Gilbert and Cramer are erroneously credited with establishing Malthopsis as a new genus for the reception of the present species. This error is repeated in the Index Zoologicus, 1902, page 211. A glance at the original description of Malthopsis mitrigera shows that it is proposed as a new species of Alcock’s genus Malthopsis, to which it belongs. ‘‘ Malthopsis Gilbert and Cramer’? does not exist. Specimens were taken at the following stations: Nos. 3839, off the south coast of Molokai, 259 to 266 fathoms; 3865, Pailolo Channel, 256 to 283 fathoms; 3867, Pailolo Channel, 284 to 290 fathoms; 3883, Pailolo Channel, 277 to 284 fathoms; 3914, off the south coast of Oahu, 289 to 292 fathoms; 3917, off the south coast of Oahu, 294 to 330 fathoms; 3918, off the south coast of Oahu, 257 to 294 fathoms; 4096, northeast approach to Pailolo Channel, 272 to 286 fathoms; 4097, northeast approach to Pailolo Channel, 286 to — fathoms; 4117, off the northeast coast of Oahu, 253 to 282 fathoms; 4122, off the southwest coast of Oahu, 192 to 352 fathoms; 4130, vicinity of Kauai, 283 to 309 fathoms; 4132, vicinity of Kauai, 257 to 312 fathoms. Malthopsis mitriger Gilbert & Cramer, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus,, XIX, 1897, 484, pl. XLVIIr, figs. 1, 2 Malthopsis jordani, new species. Plate 100. Type, 85 mm. long, from station 3853, off the south coast of Molokai, depth 115 to 134 fathoms; type, No. 51625, U. S. Nat. Mus. Length of disk, excluding pectoral basis, 52 hundredths of total length without caudal; greatest width of disk 60; length of caudal pedunele, from vent, 46; greatest width of caudal peduncle 17; dis- tance from vent to front of anal 25; diameter of eye 12; interorbital width 4.5; width of mouth, between tips of maxillaries, 11; length of caudal 25; DOA a Palo se eet ap: , longest pectoral ray 20; longest ventral ray 19. Interorbital space gently concave, very narrow anteriorly; upper orbital rim bearing a blunt tubercle above posterior margin, a smaller one above middle of orbit, and 2, rather indistinct, anteriorly at base of rostral process; rostral process robust, directed vertically upward, its anterior margin descending without notch or other interruption to a point below middle of orbit; rostral tentacle robust, short, not reaching margin of premaxillaries when laid forward; no narrowed stem can be distinguished below the thick oblong end or lure; mouth very narrow; a narrow band of minute teeth in front of lower jaw, with a much wider band of cardiform teeth behind it; premaxillary band narrower; entire surface of tongue beset with coarse teeth directed backward; a broad roundish patch of teeth on vomer, with an oval palatine patch on either side, separated only by narrow lines; palatine patches nearly as large as yomerine patch; anterior nostril with a reflexed margin but no tube, closely adja- cent to posterior nostril, which is a long transverse slit; two double gills on each side, the anterior gill-arch very short, provided with a few spinous rakers, but without gill-filaments, the position of the 696 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. latter being occupied by a thin fleshy lamina; no functional filaments on fourth arch, a short adherent crescentric lamina sometimes present, seeming to represent the obsolete gill, its margins with divisions faintly indicated; disk comparatively narrow, with rounded outlines; lateral process projecting but little, armed with a short strong spinous point directed forward and a shorter one turned backward; dorsal surface of disk, and entire tail, covered with large and small tubercular plates, arranged much as in M. imitrigera, but less numerous and much less prominent; lower surface of disk almost naked, containing only a few scattered rudimentary plates, without definite arrangement, except for the usual presence of one in middle of breast; a single series of 4 or 5 small plates crosses eye above pupil. When bent outward and forward, the pectorals extend well beyond tip of subopercular spine; ventrals widening toward tip, their inner (posterior) rays the longer, not reaching margin of disk when extended; caudal half length of head. Color, upper parts covered with a fine reticulum of dark lines over a grayish or light brownish ground; 2 or 3 irregular dark blotches on margin of disk, a pair on nape, an irregular lengthwise blotch above and behind gill-opening, an irregular bar below dorsal, one on middle of caudal peduncle, and a narrow one at base of caudal; a transverse dark bar crosses caudal behind its middle, and an intramarginal bar crosses pectoral. Specimens taken from the white coral sand in the vicinity of Laysan Island are nearly uniform white in color, the smallest individual, 30 mm. long, having middle of disk marked by numerous small bright white spots, on a dusky ground; faint traces of the reticulum can be distinguished on the palest specimens. In the cotypes, the dorsal rays vary from 4 to 6, the pectorals from 12 to 13. The anal rays seem to be invariably 4. Malthopsis jordani is closely related to M. mitrigera and to M. lutea Alcock (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), VIII, 1891, 26, pl. 8, figs. 2, 2a), all of them with comparatively narrow triangular disk and narrow interorbital space, the body covered with coarse tubercular plates. The species described by Garman from the Mexican and Central American province have wider disks, with the lateral spine directed backward, or obsolete, the interorbital space wider and more depressed, and the investment cf body largely in form of prickles. The species was taken at the following stations: Nos. 8853, off the south coast of Molokai, 115 to 134 fathoms; 3859, Pailolo Channel, 138 to 140 fathoms; 3938, vicinity of Laysan, 148 to 163 fathoms; 3965, vicinity of Laysan, 116 to 147 fathoms; 4079, off the north coast of Maui, 143 to 178 fathoms; 4101, Pailolo Channel, 122 to 148 fathoms; 4102, Pailolo Channel, 122 to 132 fathoms. Halieutea retifera, new species. Plate 101, Type, 101 mm. long, from station 4076, off the north coast of Mani, depth 57 to 68 fathoms; type, No. 51597, U. S. Nat. Mus. Length of disk (excluding pectoral base) 70 hundredths of total length to base of caudal; width of disk 81; length of caudal peduncle, from vent, 34; greatest width of caudal peduncle 16; diameter of orbit 12; least interorbital width 7.5; width of mouth, measured between tips of maxillaries 33; length of caudal 29; longest pectoral ray 25; longest ventral ray 18. D. 5; A. 4; P. 14; V. 1, 5. Disk subcircular, broader than long, its width equal to distance from tip of snout to end of declined dorsal rays; head and snout not protruding at all beyond the regularly curved contour, and the carpus not exserted; snout and orbital rims a little elevated; eyes directed laterally; interorbital space concaye, bounded laterally by orbital rims, anteriorly by a transverse ridge which separates it from the nasal fosse and the tentacular cavity; anterior nostril small, with a short tube; posterior a large circular opening without tube or reflexed rims; lure trilobate, with a superior medial and a pair of hemispherical lateral lobes, the latter fringed below and separated medially by a deep cleft; teeth minute, in rather wide bands in both jaws, nearly reaching corners of mouth; vomer and _ palatine bones without teeth; tongue very little developed, without free tip, and toothless, broad patches of the lower pharyngeals seeming to occupy its posterior portion; gill-openings small pores, wholly on upper surface of disk, well in advance of its posterior margin; gills 25, the anterior arch with filaments, the posterior with a well-developed series of filaments, but without a slit; branchiostegal rays 6; no pseudobranchie. Upper surfaces thickly beset by minute spines, the basal portion of which presents usually a vattered without definite arrangement among the smaller ones; lateral margins of disk depressed to a sharp edge, and occupied by a firmly united series of plates, each of which bears a marginal cluster of spines corresponding to triradiate arrangement of ridges; a few somewhat larger, but similar, spines s¢ vee AN HANOO 8 NaI Sain ‘SdA| LYaaTIDN INVAYOr SISDOHLIVIN ~eoniing A'NHLITO9'8 NaIGSAITAL “AdAL LYASIIO VeasILaY VYLNAIIVH 101 alwid €061 04'S N1INg FISHES OF HAWATIAN ISLANDS. 697 sensory papillee in the groove below them; a similar double series of spinous plates accompanies lateral line on infero-lateral aspect of tail, these, as well as those along lateral margins of disk bearing clusters of filaments as well as spines; lower surface of disk wholly smooth, save for a band of small spines and minute prickles which bound lateral line below; lower surface of tail, as far forward as vent, every- where minutely prickly; the paired flaps which conceal the sensory papillze are borne upon horizontal projections from the accompanying plates; flaps not narrowed at base, and bearing a fringe of short filaments along their free edge; the arrangement of the mandibular series of flaps agrees with that in Dibranchus; in addition to the papillee which occupy the bottom of the mandibular groove, there are 3 accessory papille on each side the median line, which are placed upon the anterior margin of the groove, with their paired flaps arranged laterally, not transversely to the grooye as in other papillie; accessory papille placed contiguous respectively to first, fourth, and fifth of regular series. Distance from origin of dorsal to base of caudal equals one-third its distance from tip of snout; when declined, the dorsal fin reaches slightly more than half its distance to caudal base; base of second anal ray midway between vent and caudal base; tips of anal rays reaching to or nearly to base of caudal when the fin is declined; ventrals reach a little more than halfway to margin of disk. Color in life, light olive above, shading to pinkish brown around edges of disk, all the upper parts coyered with coarsely reticulating reddish brown lines; under surface light brick-red, finely dotted with pearly white; a series of elongate silvery spots follows line of papillee on mandible and sides of disk, those on disk larger, the filaments straw-color; caudal edged below and behind with orange-red, the fin otherwise white, marked with 8 indefinite yellow cross-bands which are dusky in their dorsal portions; pectorals, yentrals, and anal light brick-red, the pectorals lighter than the others. In the smallest of the cotypes, 44 mm. long, the caudal and pectorals have a broad terminal black bar with a narrow white edge, and the dorsal has a median dark blotch on its anterior rays. No note was made of the color of the dorsal in life; in spirits, it is ncarly uniform dusky, with a light margin. Specimens were taken at the following stations: Nos. 5810, off the south coast of Oahu, 53 to 211 fathoms; 3846, off the south coast of Molokai, 60 to 64 fathoms; 3855, off the south coast of Molokai, 127 to 180 fathoms; 3856, Pailolo Channel, 127 to 127 fathoms; 3858, Pailolo Channel, 128 to 138 fathoms; 4064, off the northeast coast of Hawaii, 63 to 107 fathoms; 4076, off the north coast of Maui, 57 to 68 fathoms. Dibranchus erythrinus, new species. Fig. 275. Type, 172 mm. long, from station 5985, vicinity of Kanai, depth 430 to 477 fathoms; type, No. 51642, U. S. Nat. Mus. Length of disk 60 hundredths of total length without caudal; greatest width 62; width of base of caudal peduncle 17; distance from anal opening to base of caudal 41; diameter of eye 12; least inter- orbital width 11; width of tentacular cavity 7.5; width of mouth 30; greatest depth of head 26; base of dorsal 9; length of caudal 21; longest pectoral ray 22; length of ventrals 17. D. 6; A. 4; P. 15; Vinir,.0: Cephalic disk broadly ovate, the greatest width exceeding distance from tip of snout to gill-open- ing by a distance equaling half diameter of orbit; occipital and frontal regions elevated, evenly convex; protile descending rapidly over anterior half of orbits; rostral region short, cubical, scarcely project- ing beyond mouth; tentacular cavity triangular, much wider than high; the broadly expanded tip of the tentacle trilobate; mouth very wide, the distance between angles slightly more than half length of head; teeth minute, in broad bands which nearly reach angle of mouth in both jaws; yomer, palate, and tongue edentulous; anterior gill-arch with large rakers but without filaments. Bathybial characteristics well shown in the yielding skeleton and thinner integuments of head; dorsal surface of head, trunk, and tail everywhere thickly beset with tubercles, of which a large and a very small size predominate; all of them are strongly ridged, each ridge frequently terminating at summit in a distinct spinelet, 1 or 2 of which may considerably exceed others in length. The larger tubercles are evenly distributed and without definite arrangement on disk, those on trunk and tail disposed in + lengthwise series on each side, the 2 lower series forming between them a groove for the lateral line; the smaller tubercles are minute and cover densely the interspaces between the larger; margin of disk, snout, and superior orbital rim provided with similar tubercles with bifid, trifid or multifid tips; no especially developed spine on tip or on upper surface of snout; spines on margin of disk equal to those on sides of tail, and but little larger than those on posterior central portion of disk; subopercular spine small, beset with smaller spines turned in various directions; lower surface of disk 698 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. thickly covered with plates like the smaller ones on dorsal surface, those in front of yventrals some- what enlarged; two short series of spines on tail; outside the iris, the eye is thickly beset with small prickles; lateral line distinct, deeply channeled, bordered above and below, along sides of trank and tail, by a series of spinous plates, one pair to each papilla; a pair of flaps, with narrow pedicels and expanded fringed ends, meet above each papilla, intervening between latter and the pair of spines; structures entirely similar along edge of disk; immediately contiguous to the first, fourth, and fifth papilla on each side of symphysis is an accessory papilla placed forward on anterior margin of groove; in this, the fringed lobes and projecting spines are arranged at sides of papilla, that is, parallel with grooye, instead of transversely to groove as in those of the regular series. Fie. 275.—Drbranchus erythrinus Gilbert, new species. Type. Distance from origin of dorsal to base of caudal a trifle more than half predorsal length; when the dorsal is declined, its tip extends halfway from its origin to caudal base; second anal ray equidistant from vent and base of caudal; when turned forward, the pectorals pass subopercular spine; ventrals not nearly reaching margin of disk. In life, uniform light carmine-red, the blackish lining of gill-cavity and abdominal cavity faintly visible through the thin walls; lower surface suffused with purple; fins, lure, and buccal cavity unmarked; the fins deeper red or a little darker in color. Only the type known. Dibranchus stellulatus, new species. Fig. 276. 5 Type, 67 mm. long, from station 4080, off the north coast of Maui, depth 178 to 202 fathoms; type, No. 51595, U. S. Nat. Mus. Greatest width of disk at base of subopercular spine much greater than its length, equaling distance from tip of snout to middle of dorsal base; length of disk 65 hundredths of total length, without caudal; greatest width of disk, not including lateral spines, 78; longitudinal diameter of orbit 11; the slightly concave interorbital width 11; width at base of rostral projection 12; length of the projection 12; width of mouth between angles 25. D. 6; A. 4; P. 14 or 15; V.4, 5. Disk everywhere depressed, highest above middle of orbits; occiput broadly flattened and a little concave; antero-lateral outlines broadly rounded; snout forming a sharp, narrowly triangular pro- jection, which is directed forward and upward, and extends well beyond mouth; outline of disk abruptly angulated at subopercular spine, gently and regularly concave from that point to base of pectoral fin; lure with a very short pedicle and a large trilobate head, the median portion of which is LANDS. 699 FISHES OF HAWAIIAN I vertically incised in its lower fourth; nostrils closely contiguous, the anterior in a short tube, the posterior somewhat larger, with a slightly raised rim, which is elevated to form a short flap posteriorly; premaxillary teeth in a very narrow band, which tapers laterally to a point, and is confined to anterior three-fifths of bone; mandibular band also very narrow, of not more than 2 irregular series mesially, widening a little laterally and almost reaching buccal angle; vomer, palatines, and tongue without teeth; anterior gill-arch without filaments. Bones firmer and integuments thicker than in D. erythrinus; upper surface of head, trunk, and tail thickly beset with sharp spines of nearly uniform size, which arise each from a conical base bearing 4 to 6, usually 5, strong radiating ridges, which give a strikingly stellate appearance viewed from above; spines simple, except on margins of disk and along side of tail, where they are variously divided, and bear from 2 to 4 points; those on dorsal surface of tail mostly bifid, with one point much longer than the others; preopercular spines directed outward and only slightly backward, each bearing a terminal rosette of spines; rostral spine similar but slenderer; spines accompanying lateral line thicker but not longer than the others; plates and spines on lower surface of disk and tail similar to those above, but Fia. 276.—Dibranchus stellulatus Gilbert, new species. Type. smaller; dorsal surface of tail witha few very small spinous tubercles, which also form series on caudal rays; iris surrounded by a ring of small spines, a number of scattered ones outside this ring. Lateral line running in a shallow groove; each papilla is inclosed between 2 flaps, with narrow bases and fimbriate margins, the flaps flanked by a pair of spines; 3 accessory papillie of the mandibular series, as in D. erythrinus, placed on anterior margin of groove opposite interval between first and second, fourth and fifth, and between fifth and sixth papille of the regular series. Distance from base of caudal to origin of dor: “al half the distance from latter to front of orbit; when declined, the dorsal extends .6 the distance from its origin to base of caudal; base of dorsal .125 length of head; origin of anal fin slightly nearer yent than base of caudal; pectoral fin reaching base of subopercular spine, the short ventrals reaching but half-way to its tip. Color, light olive-brown above, white below; 2 small black spots behind each eye, a second pair on each side the middle of disk, and a third pair above and in front of each gill-opening; a vertical dark shade immediately behind dorsal fin; a faint dark bar on terminal portion of dorsal and one on caudal; lining membranes of buccal, branchial, and abdominal cavities all white; lure unmarked. Only one specimen taken. LIST OF STATIONS AND OF SPECIES COLLECTED AT EACH STATION. Station 3810. Depth 211 to 53 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. 8. Leemonema rhodochir, Halieutwa retifera. Station 3813. Depth 188 to 264 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. lav. Sp. Sh. Leptocephalus «quoreus, Chrionema chryseres. Station 8824. Depth 222 to 498 fathoms. Bottom co. R. brk. sh. Etmopterus villosus, Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Mateeocephalus acipenserinus. Station 3832. Depth 154 to 142 fathoms. Bottom br. M. 8. Peecilopsetta hawaiiensis, Teeniopsetta radula, Anticitharus debilis. Station 3834. Surface tow. Diaphus chrysorhynchus. Station 3836. Depth 238 to 255 fathoms. Bottom br. gy. M.S. Promyllantor alcocki. Station 3839. Depth 259 to 266 fathoms. Bottom It. br. M. 8. Peristedion hians, Pelecamichthys crumenalis, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 3842. Depth 495 to 506 fathoms. Bottom fne. br. S. M. R. Macrourus gibber. Station 3846. Depth 64 to 60 fathoms. Bottom ers. br. 8. Sh. G,. Engyprosopon xenandrus, Halieuteea retifera. Station 3847. Depth 23 to 24 fathoms. Bottom 8. St. Uropterygius marmoratus, Ichthyocampus erythrieus, Foa brachygramma, Holacanthus fisheri, Callionymus rubrovinetus, Calliurichthys decoratus. Station 3848. Depth 44 to 73 fathoms. Bottom $. G. Engyprosopon xenandrus,. Station 3849. Depth 73 to 43 fathoms. Bottom crs. 8. brk. Sh. Co. Synodus varius, Foa brachygrammia, Sebastapistes coloratus, Scorprenopsis altirostris, Tzenianotus citrinellus, Dendrochirus hudsoni, Ostracion galeodon, Osurus schauinslandi, Samariscus corallinus, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 3850. Depth 45 to 66 fathoms. Bottom ers. 8. brk. Sh. Co. Uropterygius marmoratus, Synodus varius, Trachinocephalus myops, Canthigaster cinctus, Sebastapistes coloratus, Ostracion galeodon, Osurus schauinslandi, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 3853. Depth 115 to 134 fathoms. Bottom ers. 8. Sh. Teeniopsetta radula, Malthopsis jordani. Station 3855. Depth 130 to 127 fathoms. Bottom fne. br. 8. G. Halieuteea retifera. Station 3856. Depth 127 fathoms. Bottom fne. 8. yl. M. Halieutiea retifera. Station 3857. Depth 127 to 128 fathoms. Bottom fne 8. yl. M. Callionymus creruleonotatus, ‘Tzeniopsetta radula. Station 3858. Depth 128 to 138 fathoms. Bottom fne. 8. gy. M. Antigonia eos, Hoplichthys citrinus, Callionymus c:eruleonotatus, Peecilopsetta hawaiiensis, Teeniopsetta radula, Halieutzea retifera. Station 3859. Depth 138-140 fathoms. Bottom fne. 8. M. Bembradium roseum, Hoplichthys citrinus, Teeniopsetta radula, Platophrys mancus, Platophrys coarctatus, Malthopsis jordani. 700 FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 701 Station 3861. Depth 30 to 52 fathoms. Bottom fne. 8. sm. P. Co. Calliurichthys decoratus, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 3865. Depth 256 to 283 fathoms. Bottom fne. vol. S. R. Setarches remiger, Chalinura ctenomelas, Hymenocephalus antrzeus, Pelecanichthys crumenalis, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 3866. Depth 283 to 284 fathoms. Bottom gy. M. fne. 8. Pelecanichthys crumenalis. Station 3867. Depth 284 to 290 fathoms. Bottom fne. 8. M. Promyllantor aleocki, Chlorophthalmus proridens, Polyipnus nuttingi, Synagrops argyrea, Hyn- nodus atherinoides, Stethopristes eos, Setarches remiger, Peristedion hians, Chalinura cteno- melas, Optonurus atherodon, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis, Pelecanichthys crumenalis, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 3868. Depth 294 to 684 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. R. Ateleopus plicatellus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis. Station 3872. Depth 43 to 32 fathoms. Bottom yl. 8S. P. Co. Uropteryg! is marmoratus, mionorus waikiki, Foa brachygramma, Holacanthus fisheri, Ostracion galeodon, Peloropsis xenops, Fierasfer microdon, Antennarius duescus. Station 3873. Depth 32 to 37 fathoms. “Bottom Co. P. Fo brachygramma, Pseudocheilinus evanidus, Holacanthus fisheri, Osurus schauinslandi, Calliony- mus corallinus. Station 3874. Depth 21 to 28 fathoms. Bottom S. P. Sh. Sphagebranchus flavicaudus, Uropterygius leucurus. Station 3875. Depth 65 to 34 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. $s. Synodus varius, Fo brachygramma, Amia maculifera, Chromis leucurus, Platophrys mancus. Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 3876. Depth 28 to 43 fathoms. Bottom 8. G. Uropterygius marmoratus, mionorus waikiki, Fo brachygramma, Cirrhilabrus jordani, Pseu- docheilinus evanidus, Holacanthus fisheri, Osurus schauinslandi, Callionymus rubrovinetus. Station 3878. Surface tow. Myctophum margaritatum, Myctophum braueri, Myctophum evermanni, Dasyscopelus spinosus, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 3883. Depth 277 to 284 fathoms. Bottom glob. Oz. Leptocephalus sequoreus, Promyllantor alcocki, Setarches remiger, Hymenocephalus antrzeus, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 3884. Depth 284 to 290 fathoms. Bottom glob. M. Setarches remiger, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antrieus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis, Pelecanichthys crumenalis. Station 3885. Depth 136 to 148 fathoms. Bottom S. P. Chaunax umbrinus. Station 3887. Depth 552 to 809 fathoms. Bottom glob. M. Halosauropsis kauaiensis. Station 3888. Depth 809 fathoms. Bottom fne. yl. 8. Glob. Sternoptyx diaphana. Station 3889. Surface tow. Myctophum fibulatum, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 3892. Depth 328 to 414 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Hymenocephalus aterrimus. Station 3898. Depth 258 to 284 fathoms. Bottom br. glob. M. fne. S. Setarches remiger, Hymenocephalus antr:eus. Station 3899. Depth 284 to 283 fathoms. Bottom br. glob. M. fne. S. Myctophum fibulatum, Lestidium nudum, Setarches remiger. Station 8900. Depth 283 to 280 fathoms. Bottom br. glob. M. fne. S. Promylantor alcocki, Chlorophthalmus proridens. Station 3904. Depth 295 fathoms. Bottom br. M.S. R. Sternoptyx diaphana, Hymenocephalus aterrimus. 702 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Station 3907. Depth 315 to 304 fathoms. Bottom fne. wh. 8. M. Hymenocephalus antrieus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis, Pelecanichthys crumenalis. Station 3908. Depth 304 to 308 fathoms. Bottom fne. wh. S. M. Chalinura ctenomelas, Hymenocephalus antrieus, Pelecanichthys crumenalis. Station 3909. Depth 308 to 322 fathoms. Bottom fne. wh. 8. M. Hymenocephalus antrieus, Macrourus holocentrus, Pelecanichthys crumenalis. Station 3910. Depth 311 to 337 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. M. Serrivomer beanii, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antreeus, Coel- orhynchus aratrum, Mateeocephalus acipenserinus, Pelecanichthys eramenalis, Station 3911. Depth 337 to 334 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. M. Peristedion hians, Hymenocephalus antrieus, Chalinura ctenomelas, Matweocephalus acipenserinus, Pelecanichthys crumenalis. Station 3912. Depth 334 to 310 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. S. M. Promylantor aleocki, Peristedion hians, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antreeus. Station 3915. Surface tow. Centrobranchus cheerocephalus, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 3914. Depth 289 to 292 fathoms. Bottom gy. 5. M. Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antreeus, Ccelorhynchus aratrum, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 3916. Depth 299 to 380 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. M. Chalinura ctenomelas, Hymenocephalus antrieus. Station 3917. Depth 330 to 294 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. M. Sternoptyx diaphana, Peristedion hians, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymen- ocephalus antrweus, Macrourus burragei, Mateeocephalus acipenserinus, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 3918. Depth 294 to 257 fathoms. Bottom wh. 8. M. Ateleopus plicatellus, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antreeus, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 3919. Depth 257 to 220 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. Peristedion hians, Peristedion engyceros. Station 3920. Depth 280 to 265 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. brk. Sh. Chlorophthalmus proridens, Diaphus adenomus, Polyipnus nuttingi, Chlorophthalmus proridens, Synagrops argyrea, Peristedion hians, Peristedion engyceros, Chalinura ctenomelas, Hymeno- cephalus striatulus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis, Pelecanichthys eramenalis, Symphurus strictus. Station 3621. Depth 13 fathoms. Surface tow and dip nets, night anchorage off Honolulu. Bottom co. S. brk. Sh. Diaphus chrysorhynehus. Station 3925. Depth 328 to 299 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. M. R. Setarches remiger, Hymenocephalus antreus, Macrourus hebetatus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis. Station 3926, Surface tow. Centrobranchus charocephalus, Centrobranchus gracilicandus, Myetophum margaritataum, Mycto- phum eyermanni, Dasyscopelus spinosus, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 8927. Surface tow. Centrobranchus charocephalus, Centrobranchus gracilicaudus, Myetophum margaritatum, Myeto- phum braueri, Myctophum evermanni, Dasyscopelus spinosus, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 3929. Surface tow. Centrobranchus cherocephalus, Centrobranchus gracilicandus, Myctophum margaritatum, Dasy- scopelus pristilepis. Station 3930. Surface tow. Centrobranchus chcerocephalus, Centrobranchus gracilicandus, Myctophum margaritatum, Dasy- scopelus spinosus, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 3931. Surface tow. Myctophum margaritatum, Myctophum evermanni. Station 3932. Surface tow. Centrobranchus choerocephalus, Myctophum margaritatum, Myctophum evermanni. FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 7038 Station 3938. Depth 148 to 163 fathoms. Bottom wh. 8. brk. Sh. Peristedion engyceros, Platophrys coarctatus, Malthopsis jordani. Station 3939. Depth 163 to 59 fathoms. Bottom wh. 8. brk. Sh. R. Aracana spilonota. Station 3940. Depth 59 to 70 fathoms. Bottom wh. 8. brk. Sh. Macrorhamphosus hawaiiensis, Platophrys mancus, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 3941. Depth 70 to 146 fathoms. Bottom brk. Sh. rd. Corln. Peristedion engyceros. Station 3942. Depth 146 to 222 fathoms. Bottom wh. 8. brk. Sh. Setarches remiger. Station 3943. Depth 222 to 100 fathoms. Bottom fne. wh. 8. Setarches remiger. Station 3947. Depth 199 to 97 fathoms. Bottom fne. wh. 8. brk. Sh. Grammatonotus laysanus, Setarches remiger. Station 3952. Depth 347 to 351 fathoms. Bottom wh. 8. G. Co. R. Chlorophthalmus proridens, Plectrogenium nanum, Hoplichthys platophrys. Station 8957. Depth 220 to 173 fathoms. Bottom fne. wh. 8. Peristedion engyceros, Hoplichthys citrinus, Pteropsaron incisum, Pocilopsetta hawaiiensis, Taeniopsetta radula, Anticitharus debilis, Platophrys inermis, Platophrys coarctatus. Station 3958. Depth 173 to 182 fathoms. Bottom ers. wh. 8. Antigonia steindachneri, Pteropsaron incisum, Anticitharus debilis. Station 3963. Depth 319 fathoms. Bottom wh. 8. brk. Sh. Ingyprosopon xenandrus. Station 3965. Depth 147 to 116 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. Aracana spilonota, Hoplichthys citrinus, Malthopsis jordani. Station 3966. Depth 116 to 168 fathoms. Bottom ers. co. 8. Pteropsaron incisum. Station 3968. Depth 143 to 163 fathoms. Bottom ers. 8. Co. Dascyllus albisella. Station 3973. Depth 395 to 397 fathoms. Bottom ers. co. S. sh. Co. R. Neoscopelus macrolepidotus. Station 3977. Depth 876 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. 8. For. R. Halosauropsis kauaiensis, Gadomus bowersi. Station 3979. Depth 222 to 887 fathoms. Bottom fne. wh. S. For. R. Synaphobranchus brachysomus, Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Optonurus atherodon, Matzeoceph- alus acipenserinus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis. Station 5980. Surface tow. Centrobranchus chcerocephalus, Myectophum margaritatum, Myectophum braueri, Myctophum evermanni, Dasyscopelus spinosus, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 3981. Depth 636 to 414 fathoms. Bottom glob. Oz. Cyclothone canina. Station 3982. Depth 233 to 40 fathoms. Bottom ers. br. Co. 8. Sh. Chromis leucurus. Station 3984. Depth 164 to 237 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. 8. ; Leptocephalus cequoreus. Station 3985. Depth 477 to 430 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. For. Shore Deposit. Halosauropsis verticalis, Hymenocephalus aterrimus, Macrourus gibber, Dibranchus erythrinus. Station 3986. Depth 362 to 55 fathoms. Bottom gy. S. For. Shore Deposit. Peristedion engyceros, Hlymenocephalus striatulus. Station 3988. Depth 165 to 469 fathoms. Bottom ers. co. S. co. Frag. Leptocephalus sequoreus, Peristedion hians, Optonurus atherodon, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis. Station 3989. Depth 733 to 385 fathoms. Bottom co. S. R. Centroscyllium ruscosum, Halosauropsis kauaiensis, Snyderidia canina, Hymenocephalus aterri- mus, Macrourns gibber. F.C. B. 1908, Pt. 2—9 704 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Station 3993. Depth 218 to 201 fathoms. Depth fne. gy. 8. Peristedion engyceros. Station 3994. Depth 330 to 382 fathoms. Bottom tne. gy. 8. For. Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Macrourus gibber. Station 3997. Depth 418 to 429 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. br. M. Controscyllium ruscosum, Hymenocephalus aterrimus, Macrourus gibber, Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 3998. Depth 235 to 228 fathoms. Bottom ers. br. co. S. Sh. R. Lophiomus miacanthus. Station 4001. Depth 277 to 230 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. Peristedion hians. Station 4002. Depth 230 to 53 fathoms. Bottom tne. co, 8. Glob. Co. Osurus schauinslandi. Station 4005. Depth 577 to 480 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. For. R. Cyclothone canina, Sternoptyx diaphana, Melamphaes unicornis. Station 4007. Depth 508 to 557 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. For. ?Gadomus melanopterus juv., Gadomus bowersi, Macrourus gibber, Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 4009. Surface tow. Centrobranchus chcerocephalus, Dasyscopelus spinosus, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 4010. Surface tow. Myctophum margaritatum, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 4011. Surface tow. Centrobranchus chcerocephalus, Centrobranchus gracilicaudus, Myctophum margaritatum, Dasy- scopelus spinosus. Station 4014. Depth 399 to 362 fathoms. Bottom 8. For. Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Macrourus gibber, Matseocephalus acipenserinus. Station 4015. Depth 362 to 318 fathoms. Bottom gy. S. R. Diaphus adenomus, Mateeocephalus acipenserinus. Station 4016. ?surface. Depth 318 to 305 fathoms. Bottom bk. 8. Diaphus urolampus. Station 4017. Depth 805 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. Argyropelecus heathi, Peristedion engyceros. Station 4018. Depth 804 to 724 fathoms. Bottom for. 8S. mang. Frag. Cyclothone canina, Halosauropsis kauaiensis, Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 4019. Depth 724 to 409 fathoms. Bottom gy. For. R. Synaphobranchus brachysomus, Metopomycter denticulatus, Cyclothone rhodadenia, Halosau- 3 fe} ropsis kauaiensis, Hymenocephalus aterrimus, Miopsaras myops. Station 4021. Depth 286 to 399 fathoms. Bottom co. S. For. Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Stephanolepis pricei, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antreus, Macrourus propinquus, Coelorhynchus doryssus, Matiweocephalus acipenserinus, Sym- phurus strictus. Station 4022. Depth 399 to 376 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. For. R. Macrourus propinquus, Macrourus gibber. Station 4024. Depth 24 to 43 fathoms. Bottom ers. co. 8S. For. Osurus schauinslandi. Station 4025. Depth 275 to 368 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. brk. Sh. For. Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antraeus, Mateeocephalus acipenserinus. Station 4026. Depth 368 to 1,021 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Cyclothone canina, Astronesthes lucifer, Sternoptyx diaphana. Station 4028, Depth 444 to 478 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. Glob. Gadomus melanopterus, Macrourus gibber, Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 4030. Depth 428 to 488 fathoms. Bottom fne. co, 8. For. R. Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 4031. Depth 27 to 28 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. S. For. Co. Chietodon corallicola, Holacanthus fisheri. FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 705 Station 4032. Depth 27 to 29 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. 8. For. Chietodon corallicola, Holacanthus fisheri, Balistes bursa, Calliurichthys decoratus. Station 4034. Depth 28 to 14 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. S. For. Cheetodon corallicola, Holacanthus fisheri, Osurus schauinslandi. Station 4041. Depth 382 to 253 fathoms. Bottom gy. M. For. Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Optonurus atherodon, Macrourus gibber. Station 4055. Depth 50 to 62 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. For. Sphagebranchus flavicaudus. Station 4058. Depth 195 to 190 fathoms. Bottom rky. Setarches remiger. Station 4061. Depth 24 to 83 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. Corln. Nod. For. Sphagebranchus flavicaudus, Hippocampus fisheri, Pegasus papilio. Station 4064. Depth 63 to 107 fathoms. Bottom vol. 8. For. Co. Halieutzea retifera. Station 4066. Depth 176 to 49 fathoms. Bottom rky. Callionymus c:eruleonotatus, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 4067. Depth 10 to 14 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. vol. 8. Trachinocephalus myops, Engyprosopon hawaiiensis. Station 4068. Depth 14 to 18 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Saurida gracilis. Station 4070. Depth 45 to 52 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Antigonia eos, Platophrys mancus, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 4071. Depth 52 to 56 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. vol. S. For. Canthigaster cinctus, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 4072. Depth 56 to 59 fathoms. Bottom ers. co..S. For. Antigonia eos, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 4078. Depth 69 to 78 fathoms. Bottom ers. co. S. For. Pseudocheilinus eyanidus, Osurus schauinslandi, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 4074. Depth 78 to 85 fathoms Bottom co. 8. For. Helicolenus rufescens, Platophrys chlorospilus. Station 4975. Depth 49 to 57 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. S. For. Osurus schauinslandi, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 4076. Depth 57 to 68 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. Sh. For. Engyprosopon xenandrus, Halieutiea retifera. Station 4077. Depth 99 to 106 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. 8. For. Antigonia eos, Pontinus spilistins, Tzeniopsetta radula, Neopercis roseoviridis, Platophrys inermis, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 4079. Depth 148 to 178 fathoms. Bottom gy. S. For. Synodus kaianus, Plectrogenium nanum, Peristedion engyceros, Hoplichthys citrinus, Bembrops filifera, Peecilopsetta hawaiiensis, Platophrys coarctatus, Malthopsis jordani. Station 4080. Depth 178 to 202 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. For. Plectrogenium nanum, Peristedion engyceros, Hoplichthys citrinus, Bembrops filifera, Poecilop- setta hawaiiensis, Chascanopsetta prorigera, Dibranchus stellulatus. Station 4081. Depth 202 to 220 fathoms. Bottom gy. S. For. Chlorophthalmus proridens, Plectrogenium nanum, Peristedion engyceros, Hoplichthys citrinus, Peecilopsetta hawaiiensis. Station 4082. Depth 220 to 238 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. Chlorophthalmus proridens, Myctophum fibulatum, Setarches remiger, Plectrogenium nanum, Peristedion engyceros, Poecilopsetta hawaiiensis. Station 4083. Depth 238 to 253 fathoms. Bottom gy. S. Peristedion engyceros, Pelecanichthys crumenalis. Station 4084. Depth 253 to 267 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. S. Synagrops argyrea, Chalinura ctenomelas. T06 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Station 4085. Depth 267 to 283 fathoms. Bottom 8. Sh. Squalus mitsukurii, Argyripnus ephippiatus, Peristedion hians, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antrieus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis. Station 4086. Depth 283 to 308 fathoms. Bottom 8. Sh. Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Tlymenocephalus antreus, Mateocephalus acipen- serinus. Station 4087. Depth 308 to 306 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antrieus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis. Station 4088. Depth 306 to 297 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Polyipnus nuttingi, Hymenocephalus antrieus, Chalinura ctenomelas, Coelorhynchus aratrum, Matreocephalus acipenserinus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis. Station 4089. Depth 297 to 304 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Polyipnus nuttingi, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonuras atherodon, MHymenocephalus antrieus, Mateeocephalus acipenserinus, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis. Station 4090. Depth 304 to 308 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Promyllantor aleocki, Polyipnus nuttingi, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymeno- cephalus antrieus, Malacocephalus hawatiensis. Station 4091. Depth 308 to 806 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Polyipnus nuttingi, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus antrieus, Mateeocephaltus acipenserinus, Station 4094. Depth 753 to 787 fathoms. Bottom br. M. fne. 8. Glob. Melanobranchus micronema. Station 4096. Depth 272 to 286 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Chlorophthalmus proridens, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis, Lophiomus miacanthus, Malthopsis mitrigera Station 4097. Depth 286 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Polyipnus nuttingi, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis, Pelecanichthys crumenalis, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 4098. Depth 95 to 152 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. For. R. Pontinus spilistius, Chrionema squamiceps. Station 4099. Depth 152 to 153 fathoms. Bottom fne. 8. For. Sh. Tieniopsetta radula. Station 4101. Depth 148 to 122 fathoms. Bottom co. S. Sh. For. Synodus kaianus, Champsodon fimbriatus, Teeniopsetta radula, Anticitharus debilis, Platophrys inermis, Malthopsis jordani. Station 4102. Depth 122 to 152 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. For. Synodus kaianus, Synagrops argyrea, Antigonia eos, Draconetta hawaiiensis, T:eniopsetta radula, Platophrys inermis, Malthopsis jordani. Station 4103. Depth 152 to 141 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. S. Hoplichthys citrinus, Tzeniopsetta radula, Anticitharus debilis, Platophrys inermis. Station 4104. Depth 141 to 123 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. For. Synodus kaianus, Antigonia eos. Station 4105. Depth 314 to 335 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. 8. For. Sternoptyx diaphana, Hymenocephalus antrieus. Station 4106. Depth 3835 to 3850 fathoms. Bottom fne. 8. Diaphus adenomus, Hymenocephalus antreus, Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 4107. Depth 350 to 355 fathoms. Bottom co. S. For. Argyropelecus heathi, Optonurus atherodon, Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 4108. Depth 411 to 442 fathoms. Bottom co. S. For. Nannobrachium nigrum, Cyclothone rhodadenia. Station 4109. Depth 442 to 449 fathoms. Bottom co. S. For. Hymenocephalus aterrimus, Maerourus gibber, Coelorhynehus doryssus, Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 4110. Surface tow. Nannobrachium nigrum, Cyclothone canina, Sternoptyx diaphana. FISHES OF HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 707 Station 4111. Depth 460 to 470 fathoms. Bottom fne. 8. R. Sternoptyx diaphana, Halosauropsis proboscidea. Station 4112. Depth 447 to433 fathoms. Bottom fne. 8. Macrourus gibber, Coelorhynchus doryssus, Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 4113. Depth 433 to 395 fathoms. Bottom co. ofr. 8. Macrourus gibber, Trachonurus sentipellis. Station 4114. Depth 154 to 195 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. For. Hoplichthys citrinus, Symphurus undatus. Station 4115. Depth 195 to 241 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. For. Chlorophthalmus proridens, Polymixia berndti, Peristedion engyceros. Station 4116. Depth 241 to 282 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. For. Peristedion engyceros, Coclorhynehus gladius. Station 4117. Depth 282 to 253 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. For. Chlorophthalmus proridens, Diaphus chrysorhynehus (probably at surface) , Peristedion engyceros, Chalinura ctenomelas, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis, Lophiomus miacanthus, Malthopsis mitrigera. : Station 4120. Depth 167 to 216 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. F. Hoplichthys citrinus, Poecilopsetta hawaiiensis, Symphurus undatus. Station 4421. Depth 216 to 251 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. For. R. Polyipnus nuttingi, Argyripnus ephippiatus. Station 4122. Depth 192 to 352 fathoms. Bottom ers. co. 8. Sh. Leptocephalus vequoreus, Chlorophthalmus proridens, Cyttomimus stelgis, Setarches remiger, Peristedion hians, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus striatulus, Ccelorhynchus gladius, Coelorhynchus doryssus, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 4123. Depth 352 to 357 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. M. Synaphobranchus brachysomus, Leptocephalus wquoreus, Optonurus atherodon. Station 4126. Depth 1278 to 743 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. For. Cyclothone canina. Station 4128. Depth 68 to 90 fathoms. Bottom ers. br. co. 8. For. Canthigaster cinctus, Osurus schauinslandi, Engyprosopon xenandrus, Antennarius duescus. Station 4130. Depth 283 to 809 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Peristedion hians, Chalinura ctenomelas, Optonurus atherodon, Cwelorhynehus gladius, Malacoceph- alus hawaiiensis, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 4132. Depth 257 to 312 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. S. M. Chlorophthalmus proridens, Setarches remiger, Plectrogenium nanum, Peristedion hians, Periste- dion engyceros, Cwlorhynchus gladius, Lophiomus miacanthus, Malthopsis mitrigera. Station 4133. Depth 165 to 41 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. R. Helicolenus rufescens, Engyprosopon xenandrus. Station 4134. Depth 324 to 225 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. vol. 8. Polyipnus nuttingi, Stethopristes eos, Peristedion hians, Chalinura ctenomelas, Malacocephalus hawaiiensis. Station 4136. Depth 294 to 352 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. 8. Leptocephalus sequoreus, Peristedion hians. Station 4137. Depth 411 to 476 fathoms. Bottom co. vol. 8. For. R. Synaphobranchus brachysomus, Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Optonurus atherodon, Ilymeno- cephalus aterrimus, Macrourus propinquus, Macrourus gibber. Station 4138. Depth 438 to 476 fathoms. Bottom fne. br. S. R. Halosauropsis proboscidea. Station 4139. Depth 512 to 339 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. S. R. Optonurus atherodon, Hymenocephalus aterrimus, Macrourus gibber. Station 4140. Depth 339 to 487 fathoms. Bottom fne. gy. 8. Hymenocephalus antreeus, Hymenocephalus aterrimus. Station 4141. Depth 437 to 632 fathoms. Bottom vol. S. For. Cyclothone canina, Halosauropsis verticalis, Gadomus bowersi, Macrourus gibber, Macrourus obli- quatus. 708 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. Station 4142. Depth 632 to 881 fathoms. Bottom ers. mang. 8. R. Melamphaes unicornis. Station 4145, Surface tow. Centrobranchus chcerocephalus, Centrobranchus gracilicandus, Myctopham margaritatum, Mye- tophum braueri, Myctophum evermanni, Dasyscopelus spinosus, Dasyscopelus pristilepis. Station 4147. Depth 26 fathoms. Bottom Co. Corln. Stephanolepis spilosomus. Station 4148. Depth 26 to 33 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. For. Stephanolepis spilosomus. Station 4149. Depth 33 to 71 fathoms. Bottom Co. Corln. Pegasus papilio, Station 4151. Depth 871 to 313 fathoms. Bottom fne. co. 8. For. St. Catulus spongiceps, Nematoprora polygonifera, Bathypterois antennatus, Halosauropsis verticalis, Gadomus bowersi. Station 4154. Depth 636 to 850 fathoms. Bottom ine. wh. 8. Cyclothone canina, Sternoptyx diaphana. Station 4155. Depth 1,164 to 1,594 fathoms. Bottom glob. Oz. Caulolepis longidens, Sternoptyx diaphana. Station 4157. Depth 762 to 1,000 fathoms. Bottom wh. M. For. R. Serrivomer beanii. Station 4158. Depth 20 to 30 fathoms. Bottom co. Corln. Synodus varius, Osurus schaninslandi. Station 4163. Depth 24 to 40 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. P. Sh. Cantharines sandvichensis. Station 4164. Depth 40 to 56 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. P. Sh. Pegasus papilio. Station 4166. Depth 293 to 800 fathoms. Bottom co. 8. For. R. Synaphobranchus brachysonmius, Neoscopelus macrolepidotus, Steroptyx diaphana, Hymenocepha- lus aterrimus, Macrourus gibber. Station 4167. Depth 18 to 20 fathoms. Bottom co, 8. Stephanolepis spilosomus. Station 4176. Depth 672 to 537 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. M. For. Stemonidium hypomelas, Collybus drachme. Station 4180. Depth 426 to 417 fathoms. Bottom P. Glob. R. Cyclothone canina, Hymenocephalus aterrimus. Station 4183. Depth 957 to 1,067 fathoms. Bottom fue. gy. 8. Glob. Chimera purpurescens, Serrivyomer beanii. Station 4185. Depth 1,000 to 1,314 fathoms. Bottom gy. 8. M. For. Bathypterois antennatus, Antimora microlepis, Macrourus longicirrhus, Station 4188. Surface tow. Centrobranchus chwerocephalus, Myctophum margaritatum. INDEX. : Page. abbreviatus, Capromimus.... 2.2.2.2 .2-5-.cceedecceeene 625 acipenserinus, Ccelocephalus..........-....----2------ 677 Mateocephalusiz--seertessccecsemeriien 676 MA ENODIUS y Dist pUUs ete mae cis cle cise wercaiatere tae , 092 eequorea, Congermurana....... 2-22-22 2ses cones eee 584 sequoreus, Leptocephalus......-.-.-.-.----+---2-+----> 584 /Ethoprora 592 affine, Myetophum 97 aftinis, Halosauropsi 612 Synaphobranchus 583 aibisella; Dascylus.-.--2s0cs. cesses oo 620 MICOCKI AN COSCODEIUS) sanec a2 anaciaaacaaca naa walcese cs eee 601 Promyllantor. 3 Alcockidia altirostris, Scorpanopsi Armia maculifera - andre, Rhinoscopelv antennatus, Bathypterois Anticitharus Anticitharus debil Antigonia.. e mulleri rubescens....- steindachneri. 622 Antigoniidie 621 Anptimora microlepis 6, 657 rhina -- 657 antreus, Hymenocephalus .............----- 663, 664, 665, 666 IN POPONMICNUD VIG ooo ee see le oe etic s eee ioe lace 617 Aracana 579 Aracana spilonota 6, 627 aratrum, Ceelorhynechu 675 ATE YVICA, SV DAZ TOPS inweieoc ceisicieieieisin ~~ se elaicin'nintelegri> = =r weil 618 ATE YICUM, Mela MOstOMa px cietatrmiclc'e aa wie ware: slo ein jaialela alae 618 Argyripnus ephippiatus 601 ATE VEOPCLCCUS cee ects asemeseaeeieerineeem ae 602 Arpyropelecusmeathive..-ccaseser see sei snes se Sane 601 olfersi aoe) ITTY OEE LOSSUS seetstarec etre stem tere nicest alee oe tnrserr ema e tera 683 ASP CIPD AS VSCODELUNS aaeememen cetseecinis tie teens state 600 Astronesthes lucifer . 605 martensii 5, 606 Astronesthidie . 605 Ateleopidae 653 AAU E Bere ssanns 366cns soo 402 50055, COC CODES ES SS sd00 Ateleopus indicus japonic plicatellust@asscccese see clean sce oer ee a 653, 654 666, 617, 618 fatherodon) Optonurus -.2. -s-sese ae acc ese en ceca see see 663 . Balistes bursa... 622 | atraria, Cyelothone. avocetta, Nemichthys Balistidae barberit,DendrochirusS<-2e soseone se cece ease one eee Bathygadus cottoide: longifilis Bathypteroidze Bathypterois antennatu beanii, Serrivomer Bembradium Bembradium roseum . Bembridx Lasse) i) of teen amespnnreoauarsecpococunpecapasaaDobude 579, Bembrops caudimacula filifera, platyrhynchusseees--2-2-. see Berndt, Louis E.. berndti? Roly mixiaten as seats 2m oe ccs et ernict a aiatatoercte eect Berycida Bird Island ... hoops; Miyctopl um mace cis cafe ace cele nat eas 597, HOWErsl a GAdOMUS nes me eee cece ste eee peer ace 659, 660 brachygramma, Foa 617 brachysomus, Synaphobranchus ........-.-.-.-.-.---- 583 Bramidee 617 brandesi -.. 656 Brauer DrsAUgUSt seca eens pee ceetnes sees Sees 599 braueri, Myctophum!=---o-22-22-\-2---+--s5 sense nese 595, 598 Burrage oieuts Ge Hl csnse act se ects eee eee 670. burrageis Macrourusss--eeecees -eekerenen enters ees 669 bursa, Balistes's. secs. en exruleonotatus, Callionymus. 625 648 californiense, Myctophum 598 Callanthias . 618 Callionymidze 648 CallOnvimus Secseeeare meee ae ates ee cetera eee 640 Callionymus ceruleonotatus . 648 COTATI NUSteecssase sees senor eee eae 619, 650 Tubrovinetus . 650, 651 Calliurichthys decoratus 651 japonicus .. Snyderidia . Cantharines sandyichensis Canthigaster cinetus Canthigasteridz .... Caproidae Capromimus abbreviatusies--- acess nteede ee aeee ee 625 Catulus spongiceps se SOURED aESaCCODUChGES caudimacula, Bembrops. 2. 2s.s-22-2-cscss-24-scce Caulolepis longidens .... subulidens. ... Centrobranchus 710 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED _Page. Centrobranchus cheerocephalus ..........------ 598, 594, 595 Centrabranchus gracilicaudus 595 Centroscyllium niger «=. 581 ornatum ......--.. faa o.b:h aierets maatnateetee els 581 ruscosum 581 Ceratiide . 694 Cheetodon corallicola. . 625 Mh etodon tid es oscc ots: s coe ate ee eee ees 625 Chalinura ctenomelas . .-- 663 579 ods: O4 O48 , 690 Champsodon. Champsodon fimbriatus vorax Champsodontidee - . . Chasecanopsetta . . Chascanopsetta lugubr 690 DIOTI Grane eeepee as -mena eee see cee 689, 690 Chauliodontide 602 Chaunacide ... 693 Chaunax ...-. 579 ICDOUNE MM DTA tS reese nice 5 nine ealelreiee a weer cieye epee sie 693, umbrinus Chimiridie : Chimera purpurescen Sx aac epecee ele stelee nie eee ese 578, 582 Chiorophthalmusiproridens 2.100%), <2 en emeaene er 589, 590 Chlorospilus;/Plavophyys sci ce sjaiciae rm cle eats tere --. 684 chwrocephalus, Centrobranchus ...-....-------- 593, 594, 595 Chrionema 79, 645 Chrionemb CHYYVSeresiaae seiseees sas ae sieepsteiesiee' 646 squamiceps 646 Chromis leucurus. .....- 620 Chryseres, ‘Chrionema: 22.2. 2. scciceceenacct ese seccune 5, 646 , 992 626 chrysorhyncbus, Diaphus cinetus, Canthigaster. Cirrhilabrus jordani. . 62 Citrine Ns) eeniONOtusesens ceases ass arwases esses. = 636, 637 citrinus, Hoplichthys....- 640, 641, 642 coaretatus, Platophrys .. 686 coecoi, Rhinoscopelus - - 595 Coelocephalus acipenserinus -.....3.....2220-2ccesie 22 677 Ccelorhynehus 676 Colorhynehus 675 doryssus. ... 675 PIRGIUS Sacwek orisisceetasua catharsis a 673, 674 parallelus ..... 674, 675 Collettia 5 592 Collybus drachme ...-.- 617 coloratus, Sebastapistes: . 5-252... --mene- sess ses senses 627, 628 Congermurena w#quored Congrellus Congrosoma. .. corallicola, Chetodon.......--.--.- eorallinus, Callionymus. Samariscus eoregonoides, Paralepi eoronatus, Tetrodon (Anosmius) cottoides, Bathygadus ... ecrocodilus, Lampanyetu crumenalis, Pelecanichthys Cryptopsarasa. ce occ s eee eene er ewiness= sess essa eeea etenomelas, Chalinura. . .. 662, 663 Cyclothone atraria. . aie @(605 canina. 604, 605 elongat: 602, 603. rhodadenia 602, 603 CYNiCOPOSSUSH.s =. ace cnsieee = ees 689 (OhAN Ke) nsVh lit: 52>, a SGA ORE ANNEND EEC ae Gap noncmrcacct as 579, 623 Cyttomimusstel pis sos csccapeie ncn ee assent eer STATES FISH COMMISSION, Page. 620 600 Daseyllus albisella.... Dasyscopelus asper . pristilepis .... ..-. 600, 601 SPINOSUS Sasi. seme so seeciiace ss eaacs OO OFOUU debilis, Anticitharus........ 683 decoratus, Calliurichthys. 61 Dendrochirus|barbert22122- esos ae e soeate sone Sees 637 denticulatus, Metopomycter.........-.2--:2:-s0sess0:6 589 diaphana, Sternoptyx Diaphus . Diaphus, Key to Hawaiian species of....-...2.-.. 22-2 Dia phusiadCnowius.. noe - 2 visemes maaan cece cieaiay Ie 991, 592 chrysorhynehus ..--..---- 591, engraulis Che taste dads cimentas ease coos sense eases 592, 593 MLO]AMPUS2sccc525ca0e8sceaeceseleeecswees 591, 592 Dibranchus ..........- 697 Dibranchus erythrinus . 697, 698 Stell aliitusaas: =: 222. ecssee sercemeeceee ses 698, 699 Gispar; NGA COMMU! jean sees ee a cpeeewttam siemens e 659 doryssus, Coelorhynehus........---...--- drachme, Collybus...... a DraCOnettas. 2c asec set.celee tne sees eee aes ee ee Draconetta hawailensis..-. 5.2. 3.2.0 s2es-.-se55 paae xenica..- ectenes, Maecrourus .. Pas 6b ClONB ata, CY ClOUNON Gs 22220 cauminicee eee eee ete 602, 603 engraulis, Diaphus... 593 engyceros, Peristedion Peristethus Engyprosopon grandisquamis hawaiiensis 687 xenandrus 687, 688 @0S; ANtiPONIStaaec css oss. ee ae - 621, 622 Stethopristesie: sac seieaanunn sa cee we eee ene 622, 6238 ephippiatus, Argyripnus.....2<.--.<:-----sse- GOL Epigonus:.:----2.. 617 Epigonus occidental 5 617 erythreeus, Ichthyocampus’..-<22.-- seis.oce seeker eee rer pee eer ieee Lestidium nudum ... 607, 6 lethotremus; Hymenocephalus:..- ---< Jj... cesas 2 sees lewcurus;/Chromis:2.3...-S2esas2n0s sects eepee ee ase neeee 620 Uropterygius . 588 longiecirrhus, Macrourus . . 672,673 longidens, Caulolepis.....- Jonpifilis)Gadomus-cu.2....2ce2-e 2 eee eee eee ee Bathygadus Lophiide -. 691 Lophiomus miacanthus -.. , 692 lucifer, Astronesthes << - 0-22 0. seein 605 lugubris, Chascanopsetta .. 690 lutea Malthops 696 lutkeni, Myectophum -.. 598. Ly. Codapi deer 2. Soe, . +c lense wets cin reineh eee ee 654 macrolepidotus, Neoscopelus ...... 2... 601 macrenema, Leptostomias. 607 Macrorhamphosid So tik} Macrorhamphosus:..<.