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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE,
EURSAU OF ENTOMOLCGY,

WASHINGTON, D. ©.

January 15, 1924.
forest Entomology Brief 55.

DEFOLIATION OF EVERGREDN TREES.

4

Leaf eating by caterpillars, similar insect larvae, and adult
beeties is the most evident, frequensiy observed and often complained
of form of insect attack cn shade and ornamental trees. Such insect
work as it approaches the stripping of leaves from the whole tree or
shrub, or a part, is frequently a sericus injury to evergreens. The
defoliated part or the whole tree may die, or under more favorable
Circumstances may only be stunted, but the vitality of evergreens
stripped of their leaves is considerably impaired, even when they do
not die, and they become attractive and easy prey for a number of
other insect enemies.

Evergreens attacked by leaf-eating insects should be sprayed with
a lead arsenate solution as soon as the insects are observed, and it
is important in view cf the menace of defoliation to evergreens that
they be systematically examined at intervals in order to check any in-
sect feeding work when it is beginning.

some accessory methods, such as the collection and destruction
ef coccons and egg masses. the burning of infested leaves or needles,
and the cutting and burning of infested shoots, are available for use
against certain species,

Advice concerning the use of these methods can of course only be
given when the insect attacking the tree is positively krowm as the
result of an examination of specimens submitted, or, in rare instances,
when descriptions given are sufficiently accurate for recognition.
any of the accessory methoés suggested above when underlined are con-
sidered advisable in combating the specios involved.

WILGIAM MIDDLETOR ,
Specialist in Shade-Tree Insects.

Approved:
B. C. Craighead,
ist in charge of Forest Insect Investigations.

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