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1762S-S

FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM.

PUBLICATION 74.
ZOOLOGICAL SERIES. VOL. Ill, No. 10.

DESCRIPTIONS

OF

APPARENTLY NEW' SPECIES
AND SUBSPECIES

OF

M A M M A L S

FROM

CALIFORNIA, OREGON, THE KENAI PENINSULA,

ALASKA, .AND LOWER CALIFORNIA,

MEXICO.

BY

D. G. ELLIOT, F.R.S.E.,
Curator of Department.

CHICAGO, .U. S. A.

April, 1903.

DESCRIPTIONS OF APPARENTLY NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES
OF MAMMALS FROM CALIFORNIA, OREGON, THE KENAI
PENINSULA, ALASKA, AND LOWER CALI-
FORNIA, MEXICO.

BY D. G. ELLIOT, F. R.S.E., ETC.

The forms described in this paper, with the exception of the mink
from the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, and the mouse from St. Catalina
Island, California, were obtained by Mr. Edmund Heller, Collector
for the Museum, along the coasts of California and Oregon in 1901,
and in the Peninsula of Lower California in 1902, both in the low
lands and in the mountain ranges of Hanson Laguna and the San
Pedro Martir. A complete catalogue of the collections obtained on
these expeditions will be published later with Mr. Heller's notes upon
the various species procured. In the troublesome genera Thomomys
Microtus and Perognathus, I have been assisted by Dr. Merriam,
Mr. V. Bailey, and Mr. W. H. Osgood of the Biological Survey,
Washington, who have kindly compared a number of my specimens
with the types and examples in the great collection in Dr. Merriam's
charge, and to whom I desire to express my thanks. The measure-
ments given in this paper, except some of Myotis tnilleri and Putorius
r. melampeplns, are those of the collector's taken in the flesh.

ORDER RODENTIA.
FAM. SCIURID.E.

TAMIAS.

Tamias townsendi littoralis. Subsp. nov.
Type locality. Marshfield, Oregon.

Geogr. distr. Coast region of Oregon from Rogue River to
the mouth of the Columbia.

Gen. char. Size large; no white or grayish dorsal streaks,
five distinct black stripes on back, the intermediate ones slightly
paler than color of upper parts; anteorbital face stripe distinct;
face ochraceous; under parts white.

153

154 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

Color. Upper parts, rump and sides of body uniform, very
dark ochre; tops of head and nose mixed black and ochraceous;
five black dorsal stripes, the middle one running from occiput to
root of tail; space between stripes slightly paler than body color;
face stripes and center of nose black; sides of face ochraceous;
postauricular spot grayish white, conspicuous; under parts white,
plumbeous of under fur showing through; tail above dark ochra-
ceous at base, with black hairs intermingled, rest black, the hairs
tipped with white, their bases reddish ochre; beneath dark ochre
at base, rest reddish ochre with black lateral band fringed exter-
nally with white; tip black, edged with white; hands and feet pale
grayish buff; ears black, with broad external band including tip
grayish white, external basal edge ochraceous.

Measurements. Total length, 262; tail vertebrae, 115; hind
foot, 37; ear, 23. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 38; Hensel, 30;
zygomatic width, 21; interorbital constriction, 8.5; length of
nasals, n; palatal length, 16; length of upper tooth row, 6;
length of mandible, angle to alveolus of incisor, 16.

This form of chipmunk is allied to T. t. ochrogenys Merr. , from
Mendocino and the coast of California and Oregon to the Rogue
River. The pelage described above is that of winter, and differs
from that of T. t. ochrogenys in the absence of gray dorsal stripes,
different color of the upper parts, the presence of the anteorbital
face stripe, absent in T. t. ochrogenys at all seasons, and the absence
of buff on the under parts. It agrees with the subspecies com-
pared in having the sides of the head ochraceous. From T. t.
hindsi it differs in being much larger, has not the reddish color-
ing characteristic of that form, absence of pale dorsal stripes,
and the presence of the ochraceous cheeks; and from T. to-n<n-
sendi in an entirely different coloring and no gray stripes. It
seems to replace T. t. ochrogenys on the Oregon coast, north of
Goldbeach. All the specimens were taken in November and
December, so I do not know what the breeding pelage would be,
or if there would be any gray dorsal stripes at that season. I
have before me T. t. hindsi at all times of the year exhibiting
the different phases of pelage, and none of them agree with
the specimens of this form. Dr. Merriam intimates that T. /.
ochrogenys is never white on the under parts, when he says, com-
paring it with T. toivnsendi, that "it differs in all pelages by color
of under parts, which is always white in townsendi," so I infer that
these examples can not be the winter pelage of T. t. ochrogenys,
especially as that form, both in breeding and postbreeding pelages >

AI-K. 1903. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS — ELLIOT. 155

before me, has the gray dorsal stripes conspicuous, and the under
parts buff. Neither do these examples exhibit an intergradation
between tounisendi and oc/irogenys, or townsendi and hindsi, which
last, so far as I am aware, has not been taken beyond the bound-
aries of California. The present form varies somewhat in measure-
ments, the extremes of the nineteen examples before me being:
total length, 245-275; tail vertebrae, 100-124; hind foot, 36-37.5;
. ear, 21-24. The differences are probably caused mainly by age,
although in some instances the variation in length of the tail
determines the differences in the total length. In cranial charac-
ters, hindsi has a smaller skull, with narrower and more pointed
nasals, narrower palate and rostrum. The skull of T. t. littoralis
resembles closely that of T. /. ochrogenys, but is smaller with
somewhat larger nasals, and is the intermediate of that sub:
species and T. t. hindsi.

FAM. MURID.E.
SUBFAM. CRICETIN.E.

ONYCHOMYS.
Onychomys *macrotis. Sp. nov.

Type locality. Head of San Antonio River, Lower California,
Mexico.

Geogr. distr. From San Quentin to San Antonio River,
Trinidad, and El Alamo, to about 5,000 feet elevation, San Pedro
Martir mountains, Lower California, Mexico.

Gen. char. Size medium, color pale; ears and hind feet long;
tail rather long, without white tip; no black spot on ear.

Color. Above ashy vinaceous, finely lined on dorsal surface
and top of head with blackish brown, causing these parts to be
slightly darker than the rest of upper surface; sides of body ashy
vinaceous; orbital ring black; lips, cheeks, under parts, hands
and feet pure white; tail dusky above, white beneath; ears pale
grayish brown, outer edge blackish; tuft of white hairs at base
of ears.

Measurements. Total length, 155; tail vertebrae, 55; hind foot,
21 ; ear, 20.5. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 26; Hensel, 20;
zygomatic breadth, 13.5; interorbital constriction, 4.5; length of
nasals, 7.5; palatal arch to alveolus of incisor, 10; greatest width
of brain case, n.

This pale form of Onychomys is remarkable for the great size
?, long; oJ?, ear.

156 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

of its ears and their uniform coloration, there being no black
spot, the edges only being black. It must be rare in the San
Pedro Martir mountains, as only four specimens were taken.

PEROMYSCUS.
Peromyscus *perimekurus. Sp. nov.

T\pe locality. Goldbeach, Oregon.

Geogr. distr. Coast region of Oregon, extent of range not
yet known.

Gen. char. Similar to P. austerus, but lighter in general color
and larger; tail very long, 107-116. Skull with larger bullae,
wider pterygoid fossa, and somewhat narrower rostrum.

Color. Back of head and dorsal region buff, heavily lined
with black; fore part of head, nose, sides of head and body,
grayish buff; lateral line bright buff, more distinct in some speci-
mens than in others; lips and entire under parts plumbeous,
washed with white; hands and feet white; tail brown above, flesh
color beneath, with 27 millimeters of the end blackish; ear, inside
orange at base, remainder black, outside pale brown for basal
half, rest blackish with white edge.

Measurements. Total length, 220; tail vertebrae, 116; hind
foot, 23; ear, 19. Extreme measurements of seven specimens: total
length, 206-220; tail vertebrae, 107-116; hind foot, 22-24; ear,
18.5-22. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 25.5; Hensel, 19: zygo-
matic width, 12; interorbital constriction, 4; palatal arch to
alveolus of incisor, 9.5; width of brain case, 11.5; length of
nasals, 9.5; width of rostrum, 3; length of upper tooth row, 3;
length of mandible, angle to alveolus of incisor, 11.5: height at
condyle, 4.5; at coronoid process, 6.

In the series of Peromyscus obtained by Mr. Heller of the
austerus style there seems to be two forms, the one here described,
characterized by greater size and a very much longer tail, with a
general lighter colored pelage, and the typical style. Mr. Heller
noticed the difference and in his notes stated that the larger form
was the rarer of the two, which seems to be the fact, for out of
fifty-eight specimens I can only find seven that can be assigned
to the new form, the rest being P. austerus, all, however, being
larger than Baird's type. The exceedingly long tail of the
present form makes it at once conspicuous among specimens of
austerus, the tail of which appears rarely to exceed 100 millimeters
in length.
*-*«p2// ?/*?/?, very long; ovpd, a tail.

AI-R. 1903. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS—ELLIOT. 157

Peromyscus *hemionotis. Sp. nov.

Type locality, Rosarito Divide, 5,000 feet elevation, San
Pedro Martir mountains, Lower California, Mexico.

Geogr. distr. Only known from type locality.

Gen. char. Similar in color to P. e. stephensi, but larger, with
enormous ears and very long tail.

Color. Nose and tufts in front of ears dark gray; top of head and
upper parts cream buff finely lined with black; bright ochraceous
lateral line from lips to root of tail; under parts pure white, base
of hairs plumbeous, showing through; hands and feet white; tail
above brownish black; beneath white; ears dark brown.

Measurements. Total length, 222; tail vertebrae, 126; hind
foot, 22.5; ear, 25.5. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 27; Hensel,
20.3; zygomatic width, 13; interorbital constriction, 4.5; breadth
of brain case, 13; palatal arch to alveoli of incisors, 10.5; length
of nasals, 10; greatest breadth of rostrum, 4; length of upper tooth
row, 4; length of mandible, angle to alveolus of incisor, u.

Only two specimens of this mouse were procured, character-
ized by its enormous ears and very long tail. Mr. Heller writes
that it seemed to be very rare, and he was unable to obtain more
examples. It has a general grayish buff appearance, similar to
P. e. stephensi, but the coloring is not so bright. It is a much
larger animal, as the measurements show.

Peromyscus tgaurus.

Type locality. San Antonio, San Pedro Martir mountains,
Lower California, Mexico.

Gen. char. Size moderately large, tail very long, colors pale,
skull with broad brain case, nasals long, interorbital space
broad.

Color. Above ochraceous buff, finely lined with black, deepest
* and brightest on lower back and rump, becoming grayish cream
buff on upper back and top of head and. nose, lined with black;
cheeks, sides, thighs and upper parts of arms bright ochraceous
buff; upper lip, chin, inner side of arms and legs and entire
under parts pure white, the plumbeous of under fur showing
through; hands and feet white; tail above dark wood brown,
beneath cream color; ears blackish brown.

Measurements. Total length, 222-; tail vertebrae, 122; hind
foot, 22; ear, 20. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 27; Hensel, 21:

*///uzot> o?, a mule; ovS, 'card?, an ear.
+yvivpo6, frisky.

158 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

zygomatic width, 14; interorbital constriction, 4; length of
nasals, 9; palatal length from palatal arch to alveolus of incisor,
n; postpalatal length, 9; greatest breadth of rostrum, 4; length
of mandible, angle to alveolus of incisor, n; height at coronoid
process, 7.

This species belongs to the fraterculus group with long tails,
but is very differently colored. The tints are mostly pale except
on rump and sides, which have brighter hues. It was only taken
by Mr. Heller in one locality, San Antonio, on the western slope
of the San Pedro Martir mountains, and seems to have been rare,
as only six specimens were secured, three of which had the tails
more or less shortened. Its distinctive coloration renders com-
parison with other members of the group, save the next species,
unnecessary.

Peromyscus *homochroia. Sp. nov.

Type locality. San Quentin, Lower California, Mexico.

Gen. char. Similar in color to P. gait r us, but smaller, tail
shorter and black above instead of wood brown; ears compara-
tively longer. Skull is shorter in occipito-nasal length; brain
case narrower, nasals shorter and more pointed; interorbital
constriction greater; pterygoid fossa and palate narrower.

Color. Above similar to P. gaurus; beneath white with buff
patch on chest, between arms; sides ochraceous; hands and feet
white; tail above black, with apical third black all round, beneath
for remaining part whitish. In some specimens the tail is black
all round, in others the whitish hue beneath goes to the tip.
Ears brownish black.

Measurements. Total length, 185; tail vertebrae, 100; hind
foot, 20; ear, 21.5. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 24.2; Hensel,
18; zygomatic width, 8; interorbital constriction, 3.8; width of
brain case, 6.6; length of nasals, 6.5; palatal length, 9; post-
palatal length, 8.2; greatest breadth of rostrum, 3; length of
mandible, angle to alveolus of incisor, 10; height at coronoid
process, 5.

This in some respects is a diminutive of the previous species,
but easily recognizable by its shorter and darker colored tail,
and the more or less buff on under parts. The average length
of tail is shorter than the measurement given of the type, prob-
ably 87 or 90 being the correct number of millimeters. This
form is numerous at San Quentin and may be regarded as a

, similarity of color.

APR. 1903. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS — ELLIOT. 159

mouse of the plains, its longer-tailed relative being a mountain
species. The buff spot on the chest, mentioned in the descrip-
tion, is absent in some specimens, and others again have the
white under parts tinged with buff. The brightly colored rump
renders this form rather conspicuous. It bears also some resem-
blance to P. thurberi, but its long tail, large ears and brighter
coloring would serve to distinguish it.

Peromyscus *oresterus. Sp. nov.

T\pe locality. Vallecitos, San Pedro Martir mountains, Lower
California, Mexico, 9,000 feet elevation.

Gen. char. Color pale; tail medium length. Skull with brain
case broad, rostrum heavy, nasals broad.

Color. Upper parts pinkish buff lined with black on top of
head and dorsal region, making these darker than the rest; line
from nose to below the eye, shoulders and upper part of sides of
body pinkish buff; end of nose, lips, cheeks, lower part of sides
of body and entire under parts pure white; base of fur plumbeous;
tail above dusky; sides and beneath creamy white; hands and feet
white; ears brownish black, with tufts of creamy buff hairs cover-
ing basal half.

Measurements. Total length, 201; tail vertebrae, 96; hind foot,
21: ear, 20.5. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 26; Hensel, 20;
zygomatic width, 12; interorbital constriction, 4; length of nasals,
9; breadth of rostrum, 4; palatal length, 10; postpalatal length,
7; width of brain case, n.

This is a pale species belonging to the thurberi group, but
apparently very distinct from all of the described forms. Only
fifteen specimens were obtained, seven at Vallecitos, the type
locality, and two at Agua de las Fresas, a short distance to the
north, both localities being in the very midst of the San Pedro
Martir mountains, and six at Hanson Lagoon, in the Hanson
Laguna range. There is a slight variation in the measurements
between the examples, the tail of the type being longer than the
others. The extreme dimensions of the fifteen examples are:
total length, 160-201; tail vertebrae, 71-96; hind foot, 20.5-21;
ear, 19-21.5. The difference in total length is mainly in the
length of tail, which member often varies considerably in species
of this genus. One of these specimens has a narrow line from
the chest to the anal region in which the hairs are white to the
roots, but this is not perceptible in the one selected for the type,

*6p£<SrtpoS, dwelling in the mountains.

160 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

all the hairs being plumbeous at the roots. This mouse is evi-
dently a dweller of high elevation, Vallecitos being 9,000 feet
above the sea, Agua de las Fresas 6,000 feet, and Hanson
Lagoon 5,000 feet, and is easily recognized by its pale color both
on body and tail.

Peromyscus catalinse. Sp. nov.

Type locality. St. Catalina Island, off coast of California.

Gen. char. Size of P. t. gambeli, but with much longer tail,
ears and hind feet.

Color. Upper parts grayish buff heavily lined with black,
lower back darkest; rump grayish buff; cheeks, nose and
sides buff; upper lip, lower side of face, entire under parts,
hands and feet, pure white; tail above dusky, beneath white; ears
brownish black.

Measurements. Total length, 176; tail vertebrae, 92; hind foot,
23; ear from notch, 18. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 25; Hen-
sel, 19; zygomatic width, 13; interorbital constriction, 4; mastoid
width, 10.2; length of nasals, 8; width of brain case above audit-
ory meatus, 10; length of upper tooth row on alveolus border, 3.

This form of Peromyscus is a near relative of P. t. gambeli,
but its insular habitat seems to have caused a lengthening of
limbs, tail and ears. Doubtless very old individuals would
exhibit a brighter pelage, as is witnessed in old adults of P. t.
gambeli. Indeed, one example of the small series before me does
show brighter color than the others. The tendency to concen-
trate the' black on the lower back, as seen in the type, is not
exhibited in all the specimens, some being a more uniform
grayish buff lined with black on the upper parts.

Thirteen examples were received from Mr. J. Rowley, col-
lected by him in February on St. Catalina Island.

SUBFAM. NEOTOMIN^E..

GENUS NEOTOMA,
Neotoma fuscus apicalis. Subsp. nov.

Type locality. Gardiner, Coos County, Oregon.
Gen. char. Size large, tail bushy, tip white. Skull long,
narrow; orbital constriction considerable; rostrum long.

Color. Top of head and upper parts mixed black and yellow-
ish, the former predominating; sides of head dark gray and
yellowish; sides of body yellowish buff slightly mixed with black;

APR. 1903. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS — ELLIOT. 161

chin and patch on upper part of throat pure white, rest of throat
plumbeous washed with white; inside of fore legs and narrow line
across breast below the plumbeous on throat deep ochraceous;
below this line on breast is a pure white patch, and another on
anal region; center of abdomen buff, rest of under parts plum-
beous washed with white; outer side of hind legs black to ankles,
the black extending onto the back of ankles; feet and hands pure
white; tail above blackish with a white *tip 43 millimeters in
length, beneath ochraceous at base, this color extending in a thin
line on the center of the tail for half its length; rest of under
surface pure white.

Measurements. Total length, 423; tail vertebrae, 202; hind
foot, 47; ear, 32. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 51; Hensel, 43;
zygomatic width, 27; interorbital constriction, 5; length of nasals,
20; palatal arch to the alveolus of incisor, 24; length of upper
tooth row, 9.5; length of mandible, angle to alveolus of incisor,
25; height at condyle, 10.5; at coronoid process, 15.

This wood rat, while evidently a subspecies of N. fusca, has
also some resemblance to N. c. occidentalis, in the pure white of
a part of the under surface of the tail, but the upper surface,
while brighter than that of N. fusca, has none of the rufous tinge
seen in the tail of N. c. occidentalis. The pure white tip, how-
ever, makes this form conspicuously distinct from all the wood
rats know-n to me. A series of this subspecies was secured at
Gardiner.

GENUS MICROTUS.
Microtus californicus *huperuthrus. Sp. nov.

Type locality. San Quentin, Lower California.

Geogr. distr. Sea coast in the vicinity of San Quentin up to
8,000 feet elevation, in the San Pedro Martir mountains, Lower
California, Mexico.

Gen. char. Larger and usually more reddish in color than
M. californicus, with hind foot longer and tail about equal.

Color. Upper parts dark tawny, or tawny ochraceous slightly
lined with black; sides paler, more buffy; entire under parts
plumbeous, faintly washed with white; hands and feet gray; tail
above dusky, beneath grayish white.

Measurements. Total length, 208; tail vertebrae, 54; hind foot,
24.5; ear, 18. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 33; Hensel, 29;
zygomatic width, 19; interorbital constriction, 3; length of nasals

*vir£pvrJpo?, reddish.

162 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

81; palatal length, 17; mastoid breadth, 14; width of brain case
above auditory meatus, 10.5; length of upper tooth row at
alveolar border, 8.

This form of Microtus is allied to M. californicus, but is con-
siderably larger and usually has a reddish tinge to the pelage not
observable in the other, and is not so heavily lined with black.
Some specimens are quite reddish, being a dark tawny on all the
upper parts.

It was not found on the coast north of San Quentin, and
ranges in the mountains east of that place to La Grulla and
Agua de las Fresas, about 8,000 feet elevation. North of these
places it was not seen.

In the series of this form procured by Mr. Heller, slight
variations in color are observable among the examples, caused
probably by age, and as they were taken from July to September,
possibly also by the difference of season, although I should judge
that this was not a very potent factor, as some specimens taken
in July and September more nearly agree in color than some
procured during the interval. The tails are not all colored like
that of the type, some being dusky above and cream color
beneath, and some specimens are paler and less red than others,
and the form is not nearly so dark as M. californicus, of which it
is a subspecies. It is a large vole and belongs to the group
containing constrictus vallicola, scirpcnsis and the species men-
tioned above, and is even larger than M. vallicola, which up to
this time exceeded in size any of the known species.

GENUS FIBER.
Fiber occipitalis. Sp. nov.

Type locality. Florence, Oregon.

Gen. char. Size largest of the genus. Occipital crest bowed
inward at interparietal, nearly forming a half circle; interorbital
constriction greatly pronounced; frontal crest marked; post-
orbital processes pointing downward, acute; brain case narrow
posteriorly; interparietal nearly as long as broad; parietals pointed
anteriorly, very narrow posteriorly; nasals broad anteriorly,
sharply contracting posteriorly; face of occipital broader in pro-
portion to its height than that of F. zibethicus; coronoid process
of mandible narrow, acute; condyle broad and heavy; molars
smaller than those of F. zibethicus; incisors short, heavy.

Color. Upper parts reddish brown, lined with black hairs,

APR. 1903. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS — ELLIOT. 163.

these very numerous on dorsal region, causing this to be much
darker than other parts; top of head, nose and around the eyes
blackish, under fur gray; lips white; throat, upper parts of chest
and inner side of arms dark gray; inner side of thighs and anal
region white: rest of under parts rufous, under fur plumbeous;
hands and feet blackish brown; tail black.

FIBER OCCIPITALIS.

Nat. size.

164 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

Measurements. Total length, 597; tail, 295; hind foot, 85;
ear, 21. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 67; Hensel, 60; zygomatic
width, 43; width of brain case posteriorly, 18; mastoid breadth,
26; interorbital constriction, 6.5; across postorbital processes,
23; interorbital width anteriorly, 11.5; length of nasals, 27; width
of nasals posteriorly, 2.5; width of nasals anteriorly, 8; greatest
width of rostrum, n; palatal arch to incisive foramina, 15; post-
palatal length, 22; length of upper tooth row, alveolar border,
15; total length of incisors from alveolus, 15; length of mandi-
ble, angle to upper edge of alveolus of incisor, 45; height at
condyle, 21, at coronoid process, 23; length of lower tooth row,
alveolus border, 15.

This is apparently the largest species of muskrat known at
this time. It is remarkable for the peculiar formation of the
occipital region of the skull, the superior outline being greatfy
curved in the center, making a deep indentation at the inter-
parietal and of the same width as that bone; the brain case is
much contracted posteriorly, and the parietal is of a quite differ-
ent shape from that seen in F. zibethicus. The nasals, while
about the same length as those of the species just named, are
broader at their greatest width and are rounded at both ends; the
molars are smaller, and the mandible is deeper through than in
F. zibethicus. In color there is not much difference between the
present species and the common muskrat, but F. occipitalis is
somewhat darker above and redder beneath. ¥*omF.spatulatus
this form differs in many ways. It is much larger, has very
differently shaped nasals; the parietal much wider and longer,
the interparietal higher and rounded anteriorly, and the occipital
outline deeply bowed in center, which feature appears entirely
absent in type of F. spatulatus.*

GENUS RHITHRODONTOMYS.
Rhithrodontomys peninsulae. Sp. nov.

Type locality. San Quentin, Lower California, Mexico.
Geogr. distr. Only known from type locality.
Gen. char. Tail less than half the total length; size large;
pelage more red than that of R. longicaudus, with longer tail and
hind foot, and much larger ears. Skull larger, nasals longer,
brain case broader; interorbital space of nearly equal width
throughout, sides nearly parallel.

* See PI. VI, Fig. 4, N. Am. Faun., No. 19, 1900.

APR. 1903. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS — ELLIOT. 165

Color. Above and on thighs reddish brown, deepest on thighs
and rump, and darkest on dorsal region, which part is mixed
with black; sides of head and body light reddish brown, the
plumbeous under fur showing through at intervals; top of head
like dorsal region, under parts white or grayish white, caused by
the plumbeous under fur showing; a dark ochraceous spot on
sides of chest, and a paler one on middle of chest between the
arms; tail dusky brown above, white beneath; hands and feet
white; ears dark brown.

Measurements. Total length, 170; tail vertebrae, 89; hind
foot, 17.5; ear, 16. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 27; Hensel, 20;
zygomatic breadth, 10; least interorbital breadth, 3; palatal arch
to alveolus of incisor, 8.5; length of nasals, 13.5.

This harvest mouse differs from all others in Middle America
in the relative length of the tail, which is less than half the total
length. In its reddish hue it is easily recognizable from R. longi-
caudus as well as being larger in all its measurements. Mr.
Heller found the species only about San Quentin. He says it
was common near the coast in damp meadows, but disappears a
few miles inland. This species -is apparently separated from R.
longicaudus by R. I. pallidus, which was taken by Mr. Heller near
the Salado River at Trinidad and Las Eucinas.

FAM. GEOMYID.E.

GENUS THOMOMYS.
Thomomys helleri. Sp. nov.

Type locality. Goldbeach, mouth of Rogue River, Curry
County, Oregon.

Gen. char. Size medium, nearest possibly to T. douglasi, but
color different and tail and hind foot longer. Skull short, with
brain case broad, zygomata widely spread; molars small; ros-
trum broad.

Color. Top of head and upper parts reddish brown, base of
fur black; spot behind ears, line beneath eyes, nose, lips and
margins of pouches black; cheeks buff; sides buff, black of under
fur showing through; throat and under parts plumbeous washed
with buff; feet yellowish white; tail above" dark Kgray, beneath
white.

Measurements. Total length, 209; tail vertebrae, 67; hind
foot, 28; ear, 8. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 36; Hensel, 28;

166 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

zygomatic width, 19; interorbital constriction, 6; greatest width
of brain case, 14; mastoid breadth, 13.5; length of nasals, n;
width of rostrum, 6; palatal length to anterior edge of tooth'row
from palatal arch, 5; length of mandible, angle to alveolus of
incisor, 19; height at condyle, 7; at coronoid process, n; length
of upper tooth row at alveolar border, 7.

This gopher, while its nearest relative would seem to be T.
douglasi, is yet apparently distinct from all the forms that have
received a name up to this time. Its geographical position is
peculiar, and of this Mr. Heller in his notes writes as follows:
" It is isolated from T. douglasi. On the south its range prob-
ably connects with the Crescent City form (7! laticeps), which is
very different; on the east it may connect with T. leucodon, and
on the north the genus is apparently lacking until the Umpqua
is reached." It therefore stands alone, surrounded by very differ-
ent forms from which it is easily distinguished. I have much
pleasure in bestowing Mr. Heller's name upon this and the fol-
lowing species, in recognition of his most capable services to this
Institution, for which he is an official collector.

FAM. HETEROMYID.E.

SUBFAM. HETEROMYIN.E.

GENUS PEROGNATHUS.

A. CHJETODIPUS.

Perognathus helleri. Sp. nov.

Type locality. San Quentin, Lower California, Mexico.

Geogr. distr. Type locality only.

Gen. char. Size similar to P. p. arenarius ; color entirely
different, lateral line conspicuous. Skull with shorter nasals,
broader rostrum, wider interorbital space, brain case broader,
mastoids less prominent, and bullae smaller and more pointed
anteriorly.

Color. Above mixed black and dark buff, giving a dark yel-
lowish brown appearance to the upper parts, very different froi
the pale buffy drab oiP. p. arenarius. Distinct bright buff later*
line from nose to rump; under parts pure white; tail above darl*
brown, almost dusky; beneath pure white, pencil like upper pai
dusky; hands and feet gray, ears dark brown.

APR. 1903. NEW SPKCIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS — ELLIOT. 167

Measurements. Total length, 159; tail vertebrae, 83; hind foot,
20.5; ear, 8. Extreme range of fifteen specimens: total length,
145-166; tail vertebrae, 76-96; hind foot, 19.5-22; ear, 6-8.
Skull: occipito-nasal length, 23; Hensel, 14; zygomatic breadth,
11.5; interorbital constriction, 6; mastoid breadth, 11.5; great-
est width of brain case, 10.5; palatal arch to alveoli of incisors,
8.5; length of nasals, 7.5; width of rostrum, 4; length of upper
tooth row, 3.

The form nearest to P. helleri is probably the one with which I
have compared it, P. p. arenarius, so supposed from San Felipe,
here reduced to subspecific rank because the series in this col-
lection from Lower California shows that P. p. arenarius and
P. p. angustirostris from the same locality, San Felipe, run into
one another, there being intermediate specimens. The present
species and the San Felipe specimens are totally different in color
and are separated from each other by the San Pedro Martir
mountains 10,000 feet high, as well as the two coast ranges, and
Mr. Heller obtained nothing resembling either in the intervening
country. P. p. arenarius was only represented, up to this time,
so far as I know, by a single specimen, taken in the vicinity of
Comondu, seven degrees south of San Felipe, on the eastern side
of the Peninsula, and over four degrees south of San Quentin,
which is on the west coast. Mr. Heller says the present species
was one of the commonest mammals at San Quentin.

'erognathus baileyi *rudinoris. Subsp. nov.

Type locality. San Quentin, Lower California, Mexico.

Geogr. distr. West coast of Lower California, west of San
Pedro Martir mountains, in the vicinity of San Quentin.

Gen. char. Similar to P. baileyi but darker, with very slender
nasals, mastoids larger, upper incisors more slender.

Color. Upper parts and sides pale buff finely lined with black,
darkest on head; sides of nose, cheeks and line above eyes pale
yellowish buff lined with black; ochraceous lateral line from lips
to thighs; under parts pure white; tail above and pencil dark
brown, beneath yellowish white; hands and feet grayish white.

Measurements. Type: total length, 232; tail vertebrae, 128;
hind foot, 27; ear, 11.5. Extremes of nine examples: total
length, 180-232; tail vertebrae, 101-128; hind foot, 23.5-27; ear,
9.5-11.5. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 31; Hensel, 22; zygomatic

*pvdiyo?, slender; pi?, the nose.

168 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

width, 16; interorbital constriction, 6.5; width. of interparietal,
6.5; length of nasals, 10; anterior width, 3; posterior width, 1.5:
greatest breadth of rostrum, 4; palatal arch to alveoli of incisors,.
12; greatest width of basioccipital between bullae, 5; mastoid
breadth, 15; length of upper tooth row, 4.

This subspecies while darker than typical P. baileyi is remark-
able for its very slender nasals, which cause it to differ from any
other known form. It appears to be a coast race, for, although
the mountain ranges of San Pedro Martir and Hanson Laguna
were thoroughly explored by Mr. Heller no specimen of this
race was found among them. It was not uncommon at San
Quentin.

Perognathus femoralis *mesopolius. S.ubsp. nov.

Type locality. Pefion, San Pedro Martir mountains, Lower
California, Mexico, 5,000 feet elevation.

Geogr. distr. San Pedro Martir mountains, Lower California,
Mexico.

Gen. char. Size large, ear large, hind foot and tail long,
similar to femoralis but grayer, lacking the bistre color so char-
acteristic of that species. Skull with greater interorbital con-
striction and somewhat less mastoid breadth.

Color. Above pale gray and light buff lined with black; nose
and side of face pale buff lined sparingly with black; sides grayer
than upper parts; lateral line light buff; under parts, hands and
feet pure white; tail and pencil dusky above, white beneath; ears
light brown.

Measurements. Total length, 232; tail vertebrae, 136; hind
foot, 27; ear, 14. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 27; Hensel, 18;
zygomatic width, 13; mastoid breadth, 13; interorbital constric-
tion, 6; palatal arch to alveolus of incisor, 10; length of nasals,
10; posterior width of nasals, 2; anterior width of nasals, 3;
greatest width of rostrum, 5.

This form while related to P. femoralis is easily distinguishec
from it by the general gray color of the pelage and the absence
of bistre. It appears to be restricted to the San Pedro Martii
range, which is separated from the Hanson Laguna mountains
on the north by a stretch of about fifty miles of broken hills anc
me ;as, and a strip of desert, the elevation of this tract ranging
from 3,000 to 6,000 feet. In the Hanson Laguna mountains
P. femoralis was taken.

*//e(Jo7roA.zo?, half gray.

APR. 1903. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF MAMMALS — ELLIOT. 169

Perognathus *.knekus. Sp. nov.

Type locality. Rosarito, San Pedro Martir mountains, Lower
California, Mexico.

Gen. char. Size very large; color beneath deep cream buff.
Skull large with very long slender nasals broadening at tip.

Color. Upper parts ochraceous buff lined with black; top of
nose and whiskers blackish; spot in front of eye and broad lateral
band from lip to posterior part of thigh ochraceous buff; sides
. above lateral line grayish buff; a pure white spot, the hairs white
to the roots, on chest between arms and extending in a narrow
line towards abdomen; rest of under parts, arms, legs, hands and
feet dark creamy buff; tail hairy, above blackish, beneath cream
buff; ears dark brown.

Measurements. Total length, 228; tail vertebrae, 126; hind
foot, 28; ear, 9.5. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 32; Hensel, 22;
zygomatic width, 16.5; greatest mastoid breadth, 16; greatest
width of interparietal, 8; interorbital constriction, 7: median
length of nasals, 13; lateral length of nasals, 14; posterior
width of nasals, 2; anterior width of nasals, 3: greatest width of
rostrum, 5; palatal length, 13; length of tooth row, alveolar
border, 4; length of mandible, tip of angle to alveolus of
incisor, 14.2.

I hesitated for a time to describe this pocket mouse, thinking
that perhaps its very unusual color might be attributed to the soil;
but on examination the hairs of the under parts were found to be
of a uniform hue to the roots, and in the midst of the buff was
the conspicuous white spot, the hairs of which were also white
to the roots. If the under parts were stained by the soil it is
difficult to understand why the white spot was left when all around
it was a uniform buff or cream buff. Other specimens of the
genus, but evidently not of this species, were taken at Rosarito,
having the under parts all pure white, so the soil had not affected
them. In a letter just received from Mr. Heller writing of this
specimen, he says, "I believe the under parts are not stained."
Beside its peculiar coloring, it seems to be among the largest
members of the genus, even exceeding in the general measurements
of body or skull baileyi, b. rudinoris and zaccatecus. Only the type
specimen was obtained.

?, buff color.

170 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

ORDER CARNIVORA.

GENUS SPILOGALE.
Spilogale arizonae martirensis. Subsp. nov.

Type locality. Vallecitos, San Pedro Martir mountains, Lower
.California, 9,000 feet elevation.

Gen. char. Similar to S. arizonce in markings, but the white
stripes from occiput and cheeks narrower and shorter, those from
cheeks reaching only to just beyond shoulders; broken stripe
from fore leg across lower back, broader; tail and hind foot
shorter. Skull is shorter, narrower and lighter, with narrower
rostrum.

Color. Entire body, legs and feet jet black, with white stripes
and spots as in S. arizonce, differing only as mentioned above.
Tail jet black for basal half, white for the remainder. Chin white.
White spot on forehead large and broad.

Measurements. Total length, male, 395; tail vertebrae, 143;
hind foot, 44; ear, 25. Skull: occipito-nasal length, 49 (51);
Hensel, 45.5 (50); zygomatic width, 33 (37); interorbital con-
striction, 12 (14); width of rostrum, n (12.5); length of nasals,
8 (8.5); breadth of brain case over auditory meatus, 27 (25);
mastoid breadth, 30 (32); palatal length, 19 (19); post-palatal
length, 26 (29); length of mandible, angle to alveolus of incisor,
30; height at condyle, 6; at coronoid process, 15. The figures
in parentheses are the measurements taken from the skull of the
type of .S. arizonce.

This seems to be a valid subspecies of 6". arizonce, usually
regarded as a subspecies of S. phenax, but which should probably
occupy a specific rank. The new form is a smaller, possibly a
- more slender animal than its relative, and differs from it in
appearance and in cranial characters, as mentioned above. It
will be noticed that, although the skull of 6". a. martirensis is
smaller generally than that of its relative, in its measurements,
the brain case is wider above the auditory meatus.

GENUS PUTORIUS.

A. LUTREOLA.

Putorius vison *melampeplus. Subsp. nov.
Type locality. Kenai Peninsula, Alaska.

, with dark garments.

APR. 1903. NEW SPECIES AND SIT.SPKCIKS OK MAMMALS — ELLIOT. 171

Gen. char. Size rather large but smaller than P. v. ingens ;
color dark, without any reddish tint so characteristic of P. v.
energumenus. Skull smaller than P. v. ingens and, as compared
with P. v. energumenus, has the audital bullae flatter and broader
and a' broader palate posteriorly; pterygoid fossa broader and
relatively shorter, considering the size of skull. Rostrum wider
and heavier; interorbital constriction greater, as is also the width
at the postorbital processes; interorbital length shorter; palate
wider at alveoli of incisors, and last upper molar smaller and
narrower. Well developed sagittal and occipital crests.

Color. Entire upper parts, legs and feet, dark chocolate
without any red tints; under parts slightly paler with a white spot
on chin, and in some specimens a small one on chest; tail bushy,
blackish, slightly paler at base.

Measurements. Total length, 710; tail, 180; hind foot, 65
(skin). Skull: occipito-nasal length, 59; Hensel, 60; zygomatic
width, 40; interorbital constriction, 10; mastoid width, 32; width
of brain case, 30; palatal length, 28; length of bullae, 15; breadth
of rostrum, 15; length of nasals about 9 (bones of rostrum
ankylosed); width at postorbital processes, 18; from postorbital
process to anterior margin of frontals, 18 (diagonally); mandible
from angle to alveolus of incisor, 35; height at angle, 6; at
coronoid process, 19.

This is a very dark mink, easily distinguished from P. v.
energuminus in color by the total absence of any red tint, and by
the various cranial differences stated above. In color it resem-
bles more nearly examples of P. vison from eastern North Amer-
ica, but is larger than that species, though possibly specimens
of P. v. lutreocephalus from the Atlantic coast might equal it in
size. From P. v. ingens it differs in being smaller (the skull
described, though that of an old male, being much less in all its
measurements), and also in its very dark coloring, P. r. ingens
being a pale form. Several specimens were received from the type
locality, all about alike in color; if any difference was perceptible
it was that some were even darker than the type. Mr. Bangs
kindly compared my specimens with his series of P. v. energu-
minus, and his conclusions were in accord with mine expressed
above. His examples were in both worn and full pelage, while
the P. v. enfrguminus in the collection of this Institution are not
in full coat, having been taken on the 3Oth September. The
Kenai specimens are in full winter pelage.

172 FIELD COLUMBIAN MUSEUM — ZOOLOGY, VOL. III.

ORDER INSECTIVORA.

GENUS SOREX.
Sorex *oreinus. Sp. nov.

Type locality. Aguaje de las Fresas, San Pedro Martir moun-
tains, Lower California, Mexico, 6,000 feet elevation.

Gen. char. Similar to S. vagrans, but darker and without any
of the russet coloring of that species, and darker on under parts.
Skull has the rostrum shorter, the brain case flatter, occipital
w region lower and teeth smaller.

Color. Upper parts sepia, beneath dark gray (in one speci-
men blackish); hands and feet whitish; ears sepia.

Measurements. Type: total length, 103; tail vertebrae, 43;
hind foot, 12; ear, 6. Extremes of four specimens: total length,
103-110; tail vertebrae, 37-43; hind foot, 11.5-12; ear, 6-8.5.
Skull: occipito-nasal length, 15 (16); Hensel, 14 (14.5); inter-
orbital constriction, 3 (3); length of rostrum, 9.5 (10.2); palatal
length, 6 (7).

This shrew while nearly allied to S. vagrans has sufficient
differences to separate it from that species, which belongs to the
northwestern coast region and British Columbia. It is a much
darker animal than vagrans, but about the same size, with a
smaller skull and smaller teeth. The skull measurements in
parentheses are those of S. vagrans.

ORDER CHIROPTERA.

GENUS MYOTIS.
Myotis milleri. Sp. nov.

Type locality. La Grulla, San Pedro Martir mountains, Lower
California, Mexico, 8,000 feet elevation.

Gen. char. Fur long; calcar like that of M. evotis, of which
species this one is an ally; ears very large, reaching beyond end
of nose and rather pointed at tip; wings from base of foot; color
very pale. Skull: forehead rising gradually from rostrum; occi-
put rounded; rostrum broad; no occipital crest.

Color. Upper parts broccoli brown with a tinge of russet;
under parts whitish or creamy white, the base of all the hairs on
the body being blackish, and this hue is conspicuously shown

, mountaineer.

APR. 1903. NEW SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OP MAMMALS — ELLIOT. 173

amid. the fur; ears black with an indication of a purple shade;
sides of face pale brown; wing and interfemoral membranes pur-
plish brown; feet black.

Measurements. Total length, 87; tail vertebrae, 40; tibia, 21;
foot, 8.5 (coll. meas.); ear, length from meatus, 19; width of ear,
10.5; tragus, 9 (dried skin); fore arm? (heads of both fore arms
gone); thumb, 5.2; longest ringer, ist phalanx, 27; 2d phalanx,
9; 3d phalanx, 10; 4th phalanx, 6. Skull: occipito-nasal length,
13; Hensel, n; zygomatic width, 8; interorbital constriction, 4;
width of rostrum, 5; width of brain case, 6.5; palatal length, 5;
length of upper tooth row, alveolar border, 4.

I have much pleasure in giving to this very distinct species
the name of my friend, Mr. G. S. Miller, Jr., Assistant Curator
of the Department of Mammals in the National Museum, who is
our greatest authority on the Chiroptera.

From M. evotis, to which it is probably nearest allied, it is
at once distinguishable by its different coloration and larger ears.
This bat seems to have been scarce, for Mr. Heller only secured
two specimens, both at La Grulla.

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UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBANA

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