^1

( 169 )

XVI. Descriptions of the new Genera and Species of the Class
Cotnposita belonging to the Floras of Peru, Mexico, and Chile.
By Mr. David Don, Libr. L.S.

Read January 20, and March 17, 1829-

The extensive herbaria formed in Peru, Quito, and Chile, by
Ruiz, Pavon, and Tafalla, and the Mexican collections of Sesse
and Mocino, having by fortunate circumstances come into the
possession of Aylmer Bourke Lambert, Esq., whose unwearied
zeal in the advancement of botanical science is already well
known, I have thought that a description of the Composites, which
form an important part of these collections, might not prove
unacceptable to the Linnean Society. Perhaps no people have
made greater sacrifices for science than the Spanish nation.
Her expeditions and voyages of discovery were fitted out on a
most munificent and extensive scale ; but unfortunately, the
results of them have in but few instances been given to the
scientific world. Don Hipolito Ruiz and Don Jose Pavon,
accompanied by two draftsmen, were charged with the botanical
mission to Peru in 1777, which lasted eleven years ; and their
labours were afterwards continued by Don Juan Tafalla, a
distinguished pupil of Ruiz, and formerly Professor of Botany
at Lima, whose investigations were also extended to the pro-
vince of Quito, and the fertile district of Guayaquil. Don
Martin Sesse, Don Josef Mocino, and Don Vincente Cer-
vantes, were charged with a similar mission to Mexico in the

z 2 year

170 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

year 1788 ; but the botanical expedition for the purpose of ex-
ploring the vegetable riches of New Granada, under the direction
of the celebrated Mutis, was organized on a much more exten-
sive plan. From these several expeditions there has resulted an
immense mass of materials, the greater part of which still remain
unpublished, although many years have elapsed since their col-
lection. The whole of the manuscripts belonging to the Peru-
vian expedition, having also come into Mr. Lambert's hands, I
have been enabled to render the descriptions in some cases
much more complete, and to add many circumstances relative
to particular species, that could not have been ascertained from
an inspection of the dried samples, which, however, are very
perfect, and in most instances there are several duplicates of
each species. Notwithstanding the labours of Humboldt and
Bonpland, whose numerous discoveries have already been given
to the world by my learned friend M. Kunth, through whose
liberality, while at Paris in the autumn of 1821, I was permitted
to examine a considerable part of the Compositce contained in the
herbarium of M. de Humboldt; a very small proportion of the
species in this collection are identically the same with those I am
about to describe.

I have been successful in determining many of the Compositce
figured in the work of Hernandez ; and to the kindness of my
inestimable friend Professor Lagasca I am indebted for point-
ing out to me the various genera which he himself has described.
A small collection from Don Pablo de la Llave has made me
acquainted with the genera described in the " Descriptio?ies
Novorwn Vegetabilium." I have inserted a few species from
other sources, partly with a view to point out their relative
affinities, and more fully to illustrate the characters of certain
groups ; but although I may differ widely in regard to the
generic distribution of the species, the trivial names given to

them

of the Class Composita. 171

them by their discoverers, if not previously applied to other
species, I have scrupulously preserved. In the distribution of
the species, and in the formation of the generic divisions, I have
followed the comprehensive views of Mr. Brown and M. Cas-
sini, whose important labours in this class are universally ad-
mitted : and having myself been engaged for several years
studying this department of botany, — of which very few have
had so extensive opportunities, — the characters of the groups
which I shall have to propose in the sequel, may, therefore,
with more confidence be relied on. In order to render the di-
visions more intelligible, I shall in the first place proceed to
give a descriptive character of the class itself.

COMPOSITE. Adans., Brown.

Flores saepius hermaphroditi, capitati, toro proprio inserti,
sessiles, involucro e squamis (folia mutata) saepe plurimis
inclusi.

Calyx ovario arete adherens: margo obsoletus v. elevatus,
plerumque scissus, aut in pappum forma varium abeuns,
nunc (in Zinnia) corollam aemulans !

Corolla monopetala, tubulosa, limbo 5-fida (raro 4-fida), aesti-
vatione valvata! laciniis 2 v. 3 connatis nunc bilabiata, aut
latere interiore longitudinaliter rupta, explanata, ligulae-
formis : nervis primariis laciniis alternantibus !

Stamina corollas laciniis numero aequalia, iisdemque altera a :
filament a libera v. partim aut omnino corollas tubo adha>
rentia, prope apicem articulata ! articulo superiore perssepe
dissimili : antherce biloculares : loculis parallelis, longitu-
dinaliter dehiscentibus : valvulis inaequalibus ; interiore an-
gustissima ; basi truncatis v. decurrentibus, aut productis,
apice in appendiculam planam confluentibus.

Pistillum :

172 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Pistillum : ovarium inferum, indehiscens: disco epigyno: ovulo

erecto, solitario, funiculis 2 pistillaribus manifestis suspenso :

stylus e duobus conflatus, indivisus : stigmata 2, saepitis so-

luta, patentia.
Fhuctus (Achenium) : pericardium indehiscens, monosper-

mum.
Semen: testa duplex; exterior coriacea v. Crustacea; interior

membranacea, vascularis, vasis propriis et spiralibus in-

structa : albumen nullum.
Embryo dicotyledoneus, erectus, seminis cavitati conformis :

cotyledones oblongre : radicula his persarpe brevior, obtusa,

centripeta.
Plantae polymorphs in orbis temperatis vulgatissimae.

The Compositce constitute the most extensive and the most
interesting portion of the vegetable kingdom ; and their distri-
bution is so universal, that they form a large proportion of the
Flora of almost every country : but countries traversed by ex-
tensive mountain-chains, and situate within or near the h-opics,
are found to be most favourable to the development of the
plants of this class : for in the Floras of Peru, Chile, and
Mexico, they appear to constitute a sixth part of the whole
phsnogamous vegetation ; and this estimate of their number is
justified by an actual comparison both of the published and un-
published plants of these countries.

The Composite, are related on the one hand to Cahjcerea, Dip-
saccce, and Valerianea ; and on the other to Campanulacece and
Goodenovia. ; but the disposition of the primary vessels in the
corolla essentially distinguish them from every other family.
The plurality of styles, the inferior monospermous ovarium,
and the presence of an epigynous disk, show at least a con-
siderable degree of analogy, if not of affinity, to the Umbelliferce,

to

of the Class Composite. 17^3

to whose mode of inflorescence that of Compositce may be com-
pared. Singular instances of monstrosity are sometimes to be
observed in Tragopogon, Scorzonera, &c, wherein the capitula
have assumed the form of the compound umbel. I have already
had an opportunity of showing that the other parts of fructi-
fication in this class frequently experience a remarkable degree
of increase in number, and that the stigmata are generally un-
affected by the number of the other parts of the flower.

I have now to state an interesting example of reduction of
stamina in Calliopsis bicolor, a genus widely different from Dahlia
and Coreopsis, with which it has been hitherto associated. In
this genus most of the florets of the capitulum are quadrind and
tetrandrous ; and, besides the primary vessels, there are others
which occupy singly the axis of two or three of the lacinia;,
but in no instance all of them. These secondary vessels evi-
dently arise from the base, and not from the confluence of the
primary trunks, as they become fainter near the apex of the
laciniae ; and I am disposed to believe, that in many instances
the secondary vessels take their rise with the primary trunks.

I have distributed the groups in accordance with their natural
affinities, at least as far as this was practicable in a linear series :
for the families appear evidently to return into each other, ex-
hibiting a number of points of contact.

Fam. 1. CiciioitACEJE. Juss.

Flosculi ligulati, hermaphroditi, uniformes : ligula apice 5-

dentata, 6-nervia : nervis rectis, parallelis, parum infra

dentium sinus furcatis
Anthers crista membranace& pellucida coronata?, basi bisetaj

(setis dentibusve membranaceis) s. ligula simplici truncate

auctae.
Stigmata libera, filiformia v. semicylindrica, obtusa, papillosa.

Achenia

174 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Achenia nunc apice calva.

Plantae lactescentes. Folia alterna. Flores saepiiis lutei.

This family constitutes but a very small part of the Composites,
in the South American Flora, being scarcely in the proportion
of one to forty-five, while in the European Flora they are gene-
rally as one to two. The dehor acece are readily distinguished
from the other families of Composite by their uniform, ligulate,
hermaphrodite florets. The primary vessels are five in the
tube, but at the sinus, where the corolla splits open and expands
into the ligulate lamina, the interior nerve divides into two
simple branches, which run along the opposite sides, either
directly on the margin itself, or more frequently placed a little
within the border. The apparently simple trunks of the inter-
mediate vessels divide a little below the sinus of the teeth, and
traverse their margins, uniting at the summit of each tooth ;
but I have only in one instance, that of Prenanthes virgata of
Michaux, detected secondary vessels, and therefore conclude
that they are rarely present in the plants of this family. The
disposition of the vessels in the lamina of the corolla will be
found an important character in distinguishing the Cichoracece
from such individuals belonging to other families, whose florets
may have assumed an analogous form.

Besides being lactescent, the alternate leaves, their nervation,
and the inequality of their teeth, when present, the irregularity
of the corolla in Lobelia, the cohesion of its anthera?, and its
papillary stigmata, show that many analogies exist between this
family and Campanulacece.

Trib. 1. Hierace.e. Receptaculum epaleatum. Anthera basi
interiore ligula simplici membranace^i truncata auctae ! In-
volucram polyphyllum.

Hieracium.

of the Class Composites. 175

Hieracium.

HlERACII SP., L.

Involucrum imbricatum. Receptacitlum subfavosum. Achenia
apice simplicia. Pappi radiis simplici ordine copiosis,
persistentibus, setaceo-pilosis.

Involucrum multiplici ordine polyphyllum, imbricatum : squamis
ssepius adpressis. Receptacitlum subfavosum : scrobiciilis
margine elevatis, ciliato-laceris. Flosculi plurimi : fauce
extus barbata. Antherce appendicular oblonga diaphan& co-
ronatse, basi interiore liguld membranacea truncate ssepius
lacer& instructs. Stigmata semicylindrica, obtusa, recur-
vata, cum dimidio superiore styli papilloso-hispidula. Ache-
nia tetragona, apice simplicia : angulis sulcatis, laevibus.
Pappi racliis singulo ordine digestis, copiosis, pilosis, rigi-
dis, fragilibus, persistentibus, denticulis plurimis exaspe-
ratis, basi distinctis.

Herbaa polymorphs, radice perenni. Flores lutei, solitarii v. co-
rymbosi. Pappus cinereo-fulvellus.

1. H. strigosum, pilosum ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis acutis denti-
culatis ; caulinis sessilibus, paniculd racemosa, caule sim-
plici fistuloso.
Hieracium hirsutum. Herb. S. et M.
In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. ~U .

Planta strigosa, pilis copiosis, longis, patulis vestita, hispidula.
Caulis erectus, cubitalis, filiformis, simplex, fistulosus. Folia
radicalia petiolata, palmaria, lanceolata, acuta, mucronulo
obtuso, remote denticulata, membranacea, viridia, subtus
pallidiora, basi attenuata; caulina sessilia, lineari-lanceo-
lata, 3 — 4-pollicaria, nunc spithamaea. Panicula racemosa,

vol. xvi. 2 a strigosa,

176 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

strigosa, multiflora, spithamaea. Flores II. cymosi, citrini.
Pedunculi, ut et involucra, pube copiosissima pilis glanduli-
feris interstinct& vestiti ; inferiores remotissimi. Involucrum
nigricans, cylindricum : squamis triplici ordine imbricatis,
pluribus (18 — 26), linearibus, obtusis, planis, adpressis,
margine membranaceis ; intimis subaequalibus. Recepta-
culum subfavosum. Flosculi involucrum longitudine sequan-
tes, apice dentibus 5, linearibus, obtusis. Anthem appen-
dicula lanceolate, acuta ! membranacea coronata;, basi in-
teriore ligula exiguA, lineari truncata instructas. Stigmata
semicylindrica, obtusa, minute papillosa. Achenia tetra-
gona, sulcata, glabra, apice simplicia. Pappus pilosus,
persistens, fulvellus : radiis duplici serie digestis, rigidis,
denticulato-scabris.

2. H. Lagopas, villosissimum ; foliis lanceolatis subintegerri-
mis glaucis, caule ramoso multifloro nudiusculo, ligulis
5-ficlis.
In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno.% .

Herba facie H. cerinthoides, paulo tamen minor, similiter caes-
pitosa et glauca. Caulis pedalis, erectus, teres, flexuosus,
folio uno alterove tantum ornatus, inde nudiusculus, in-
ferne villosissimus. Folia radicalia petiolata, lanceolata,
acuta, remote denticulata, membranacea, utrinque villosa,
clemixm nudiuscula evadunt, basi attenuata, tripollicaria ;
cautina paucissima, mult6 minora, amplexicaulia, acumi-
nata. Petioli ut et Candex, qui ad leporis pedem non paulo
refert, villis longis sericeis, exsiccatione aureis, copiosissi-
mis vestiti. Flores laxe paniculati, citrini. Pedunculi fili-
formes, uniflori, pollicares. hivolucrum cum pedunculis,
tomento copioso glandulisque pedicellatis numerosissimis
ornatum : squamis linearibus, acutis, multiplici ordine im-
bricatis.

of the Class Composite. 177

bricatis, adpressis. Receptaculum leviter favosum, sca-
brum. Ftosculi plurimi, ligulati, apice profundi 5-dentati,
involucro multoties longiores : laciniis linearibus, obtusis.
Antherce appendicula ovata acuta ! membranacea coronatae,
basi ligula lineari, truncata instructs. Stigmata semicylin-
drica, obtusa, minute papillosa. Achenia tetragona, sul-
cata, glabra. Pappus pilosus, persistens, cinereus, fragilis :
radiis simplici serie digestis, contiguis, rigidis, denticulis
exasperatis.

I have already proposed* to separate certain species hitherto
referred to Hieraciwn, and characterized by their flat, attenuated
achenia surmounted by a dilated epigynous disk, and by their
soft capillary pappus disposed in a double series. This group,
which I have named Hapalostephium, comprises Hieraciwn palu-
dosum and pyrenaicwn of Linnaeus, the Hieracium macrophjllum
of Pursh, and the Crepis Sibirica of Linnaeus. M. de La Peyrouse
has referred the H. pyrenaicum to his Lepicaune, an unnatural
assemblage, which, independent of the faulty name, deserves to
be erased from the catalogue of genera. By the removal of
these species, and the Hieracium aureum and fruticosum of au-
thors, which do not even belong to the same tribe, the genus,
although still very extensive, will scarcely admit of further di-
vision. The Hieracium pusillum of Pursh from Labrador I have
ascertained by an examination of an authentic specimen to
belong to the genus Eriseron of authors. The crest of the an-
thers in most of the species of this genus is obtuse ; but in the
two above described, and in Hieracium murorum, it is acute.

Trib. 2. Hypociicsrideje. Receptaculum paleis distinctis re-
fertum. Antherce basi bidentatae. Pappus persistens. In-
volucrum polyphyllum.

* Prod. Fl. Nep. p. 165. Edinb. New Phil. Journ. April 1829, p- 307-

2a2 Oreophila.

178 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Oreophila.
Hypochceridis sp., Kunth.

Pappus plumosus, sessilis. Involucrum imbricatum.

Involucrum subrotundum, polyphyllum, imbricatum : squamis
lanceolatis, obtusis, membranaceis ; exterioribus apice la-
nuginosis. Keceptaculum paleatum : paleis lanceolatis, sca-
riosis, uninerviis, acumine longo, setaceo instructis. Flos-
culi lineari-ligulati : tubo tenui, ligula 5-dentata, 6-nervia,
duplo longiore. Anthera appendiculft ligulata, membra-
nacea coronatae, basi dentibus 2, lanceolatis, acuminatis,
membranaceis, aequalibus munitas. Stigmata filiformia,
recurvata, minutissime papillosa. Achenia oblonga, an-
cipiti-compressa, laevia. Pappus sessilis : racliis simplici
serie contiguis, filamentoso-plumosis, validis, inajqualibus,
basi crassiore persistentibus.

Herba perennis, caspitosa, acaulis. Radix fusiformis, cortice
fusco obducta, digiti minoris crassitie. Folia 7Uimerosa, in
orbcm acta, humifusa, petiolata, linearia, tunc lanceolata,
obtusa, obtuse sinuato-dentata, coriacea, suprd. glabra, subtiis
sed pracipue ad costam mediam pitosa, 2 — 3-pollicaria. Flos
solitarius, sessilis, in foliorum medio latens, magnus, aureus.
Pappus cinereus.

Herba locis alpinis incola, unde nomen ab opos, opeos, mons, et
(piXeco, amo, i. e. planta in montibus florescens.

1.0. sessiliflora.

Hypochceris sessiliflora. Kunth in H. et B. Nov. Gen. et Sp.

PL iv. p. 2.
In Peruvian summis alpibus Cordilleras de los Andes Hispa-

nice dictis. Ruiz et Pavon. % ■

The uniform sessile pappus has led me to regard this plant as

constituting;

of the Class Composite. 179

constituting a distinct genus, to which, it is very probable, the
Hypocharis sonchoides of M. Kunth should also be referred.
From Ilypochairis, which must now be limited to II. glabra and
minima, it will be necessary to separate H.radicata and maculata,
essentially distinguished by having the pappus uniformly stipi-
tate. This division, first proposed by Scopoli under the name
of Achyrophorus, has been very properly adopted by Gaertner.
The genus Seriola of Linnaeus, the Acliyrophorus of Vaillant,
which also belongs to this family, is characterized by a simple
polyphyllous involucrum, and by the rays of the pappus being
dilated towards the base.

Trib. 3. Lactuce^i. Heceptaculum epaleatum. Antherce basi
bidentatae. Pappus fugax, mollissimus, capillaceus.

Chondrilla, L.

Involucrum simplici ordine polyphyllum, connivens, basi squa-
mulis pluribus calyculatum. Heceptaculum nudum. Achenia
fusiformia, tuberculata. Pappus stipitatus.

Involucrum simplici ordine poly-(8 — 12)phyllum, cylindricum,
connivens, basi squamulis pluribus (8 — 10) calyculatum :
foliolis aequalibus, margine invicem se imbricatis. Recep-
taculum nudum. Flosculi indefinite Antherce appendicular
ligulat& v. ovali diaphana coronatae, basi acute bidentatae.
Stylus hispidulus. Stigmata semicylindrica, obtusa, brevia,
crassiuscula, minutissime papillosa. Achenia fusiformia,
subtetragona, hinc convexa, inde sulcata, concaviuscula,
superne tuberculata, apice in stipitem longum filiformem
producta. Discus epigynus depresso-capitatus ! Pappus
fugax, tenuissime capillaceus : radiis duplici ordine copio-
sissimis, basi solutis.

Herbae foliis radicalibus scepiiis runcinatis, floribus citri?iis,pedun-

culatis.

Sect.

180 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Sect. 2. Involucri cahjeulo polyphyllo, lineari-setaceo, patulo.
Flosculi numerosi. Herbce perennes, caulibus nudiusculis, sub-
unifloris. Crinissa.

1. C paucijlora, glabra; foliis runcinatis, caule subbitloro.
Chondrilla pauciflora. Herb. S. et M.

In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. 1/ .

Herba aspectu Apargice, perennis, glabra. Radix fusiformis.
Caulis erectus, cubitalis, teres, simplex, uniflorus, subinde
ramo uno alterove instructus, nudiusculus, hinc inde folio
minore ornatus. Folia radicalia patula, runcinato-pinnati-
fida, laevissima, viridia, 3-pollicaria, basi in petiolum atte-
nuata : lobis remotis, lanceolatis, acutis, integerrimis ; cau-
lina inferiora radicalibus conformia ; suprema in squamas
pinnatifidas abeuntia. Flores magnitudine Apargia Tarax-
aci, solitarii, citrini. Involucrum simplici serie 12-phyllum,
cylindraceum, glaucum, tenuissime pubescens, longitudine
unguiculare, basi squamis pluribus (8 — 10) lineari-setaceis,
patulis, apice nigricantibus munitum : foliolis linearibus,
membranaceis, sub apice tuberculo auctis. Heceptaculum
nudum. Flosculi plurimi (30), ligulati, 5-dentati : liguld
6-nervici, involucrum long^ superante. Antherce appendi-
cul^i ovali obtusd membranace^ coronata3, basi acute bi-
denticulatos. Stigmata brevia, semicylindrica, obtusa, cum
styli apice minute papillosa. Achenia fusiformia, hinc ven-
tricosa, 4-sulcata, incle depressa, planiuscula, undique tu-
berculata. Discus epigynus apice annulo lanuginoso in-
structus. Pappus longe stipitatus, mollissimus, fulvellus :
radiis tenuissime capillaceis, cluplici ordine copiosissimis.
confertis, longitudine ina;qualibus, basi solutis.

2. C. Sessceana, glabra; foliis linearibus acuminatis subinteger-

rimis, caule unifloro.

In

of the Class Compositce. 181

In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno.ii •

Herba perennis, caespitosa, glabra. Radix fusiformis. Caules
plures ex eadem radice, erecti, spithamsei, filiformes, uni-
flori, lreves, folio unico, lanceolato, integerrimo, sessili ad
medium v. paulo infra, inde squamis aliquot lineari-setaceis
muniti, apicem versus pubescentes. Folia rudicalia plu-
rima, sessilia, linearia, acuminata, glabra, integerrima, v.
nunc subruncinata, dentibus paucis, magnis, retrorsis in-
structa, 2 — 3-uncialia, sesquilineam lata. Flores citrini,
parum minores. Involucrum simplici serie 12-phyllum,
cylindraceum, glaucum, tenuissime pubescens, unguicu-
lare, basi squamis pluribus (8 — 10) lineari-setaceis, patulis,
apice nigricantibus munitum : foliolis linearibus, membra-
naceis, sub apice tuberculo auctis. Receptaculum nudum.
Ligulcs 5-dentatoe, 6-nervise, involucro fere duplo longiores.
AnthercB crista ovali membranaceri coronata?, basi biden-
ticulata;. Stigmata brevia, crassiuscula, lineari-lingulata,
pruinosa. Achenia matura nondum vidi. Pappus omnino
ut in prrecedente.

The simple polypliyllous involucrum, independent of any
other character, is alone sufficient to distinguish Chondrilla from
Lactuca, its nearest ally. To the normal group of the genus,
besides Chondrilla juncea of Linnasus, belong Chondrilla latifolia
and graminea of the " Flora Taurico-Caucasica," and a fourth
species contained in the Pallasian herbarium, marked " Pre-
nanthes nova," and which possibly may prove to be the Pre-
nanthes aspera of Schrader and Willdenow. It is very probable
that Chondrilla lavigata of Pursh may prove a third aberrant
species of this genus, as the description appears to indicate an
intimate affinity to C. Sessaana above described.

Traciiodes.

182 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Trachodes.

Involucrum imbricatum. Receptaculum laeve. Achenia subfusi-
formia, transverse rugosissima. Pappus sessilis ; radiis basi
solutis.

Involucrum multiplici ordine polyphyllum, imbricatum, cylin-
draceum, tubulatum : squamis exterioribus ovatis, obtusis,
margine scariosis ; intimis 8, elongatis, lineari-ligulatis, con-
niventibus. Receptaculum\seve. Flosculi indefiniti (20 — 24):
ligulis 5-dentatis, 6-nerviis. Anthera crista ovat& acuta!
membranacea coronatse, basi bidentatae. Stigmata semi-
cylindrica, obtusa, cum apice styli papilloso-hispidula !
Achenia subfusiformia, tetragona, apice attenuate- acute
quadrangulo, angulis prominulis, costisque solitariis v. binis
insterstinctis, rugis transversis elevatis scabra. Pappus ses-
silis, capillaceus, mollissimus, fugax : radiis triplici ordine
digestis, basi solutis ; intimis crassitie partim dissimilibus.

Herba biennis, e viridi ccerulescens. Caulis bipedalis, erectus, ri-
gidus, paniculatlm ramosus, teres, aculeis minutissimis scaber,
basin versus purpureo-maculatus, vix calamum scriptorium
crassitie adaquans. Folia radicalia vix spithamaa, subsessilia,
spathulata, sinuato-runcinata, mucronata, margine copiose
spinuloso-denticulata, pollicem v. sesquipolUcem lata ; caulina
ample xicaulia, altiiis lobata : lobis triangulari-ovatis, acumi-
natis. Flores citrini ? pedicellati, Lactucae virosae Us vix
ma j ores. Pedicelli squamis ovatis margine scariosis muniti.
Pappus niveus. Nomen ad plantse asperitatem refert,
rpaxcoSvs, scabrosus.

1. T. paniculatus.

Sonchus paniculatus. Herb. S. et M.

In Mexico Sesse et Mocinno. cf .

In

of the Class Composite. 183

In Sonchus the rays of the pappus are united into bundles at
the base, and the receptacle is rough and much dilated.

Trib. 4. Scorzonere;e. Receptaculum epaleatum. Anther a
basi bisetae, appendicula exiguareniformi! coronatae. Stig-
mata saepius filiformia, papillosa. Involucrum simplex v. im-
bricatum.

PlCROSIA.

Involucrum 8-phyllum. Ligulce tridentatae, 4-nerviee ! Pappus
capillaris, stipitatus.

Involucrum simplici serie 8-phyllum, cylindricum, basi omnino
nudum : foliolis ligulatis, obtusis, margine invicem se im-
bricatis, planis. Receptaculum planum, nudum. Flosculi
plurimi : tubus tenuissimus, filiformis ; fauce extus villosi-
uscula : liguld lineari, tridentatd, 4-nervia. Stamina fere
omnino exserta : filament a capillaria, libera : ant her <b levi-
ter coalitae, basi bidenticulatae, crista exigua brevissimd
coronatae. Stigmata brevia, semicylindrica, obtusa, papil-
loso-pruinosa, arcuato-conniventia. Achenia fusiformia, sul-
cis plurimi s longitudinaliter notata, glabra. Pappus longe
stipitatus, capillaris, mollis, caducus : radiis duplici ordine
confertis, scabriusculis, inaequalibus, basi solutis.

Herba perennis, laevigata, glauca. Caulis erect us, pedalis, ramo-
sus, teres, stria tus, calamum scriptorium crassitie fere ad-
aquans. Rami paucissimi. Folia sessilia, lanceolata, inte-
gerrima, nunc remotissime dentata, palmaria v. spithamaa,
pollicem lata ; inferiora basin versus angustata, sublingulata ;
superiora amplexicaulia, basi sagittata. Flores solitarii, pe-
dunculati. Involucrum unciale, Icevissimum : foliolis apice
puberulis. Flosculi lutei ? tenues, involucro longiores. Pap-
pus semipolUcem longus, cinereo-fulvus. Nomen a rriKpos,
amarus.

vol. xvi. 2B 1. V.hn-

184 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

1. P. longifolia.

Tragopogon sp. nova. Herb. R. et P.
In Peruvian alpibus. Ruiz et Pavon. 1/ .

There is no genus with which this can well be compared : it
has the involucrum of Tragopogon, and in habit it resembles
Cynthia virginica* , the Troximon virginicus of Ga:rtner ; but the
structure of its pappus and florets removes it from every genus
to which it bears any affinity. The Scorzonerea are well distin-
guished from the rest of Cichoraccce by the very short, reniform
appendage surmounting the anthers ; that organ in most of the
other tribes having an oblong form. This interesting genus
concludes the family of Cichoraccce ; and we shall now proceed
to the consideration of the Labia t if one, which constitute a much
more numerous and interesting portion of the collection.

Fam. 2. Labiatiflou;e. Dec. et Lag.

Flosculi diftbrmes, plerumque tubulosi : limbo saepius bilabi-

ato-partito, multinervio.
Anthers appendicuKi cartilaginea v. callosa, plerumque elon-

gata terminate, basi biaristatae.
Stigmata obtusa, papilloso-pruinosa, rarius partim v. omnino

connata.
Ac hen i a pappo raro clestituta.
Plants non lactescentes. Folia alterna. Flores sa;pius pur-

purei.

The Labiatiflorce were first proposed as a distinct group by
Messrs. DeCandolle and Lagasca in the 19th volume of the
"Annates du Mushim." Professor Lagasca having communi-
cated to M. DeCandolle his remarks on this family, together
with the essential characters of many new genera belonging to

* Edinb. New Phil. Journ. 1. c. p. 309.

it,

of the Class Composites. 185

it, the paper may therefore be considered as the joint produc-
tion of these two distinguished botanists ; but about the same
period Professor Lagasca published at Orihuela a separate
treatise on this family, which he therein denominates Chanan-
thophorcs, with the addition of a few more genera, and several
of those occurring in the other memoir are there si yen under
different names. The names comprised in the memoir inserted
in the " Annates du Museum" have however prevailed, from the
more extensive circulation of the work, although the former
has the right of priority by some months, as the latter occurs
in the commencement of the nineteenth volume, which was
published in 1812, the year after the separate treatise by Pro-
fessor Lagasca had appeared. In the series of natural affini-
ties the Labiatiflorce form the connecting link between the Cicho-
racece and Carduacece ; and although an exact definition of them
is scarcely attainable, yet they appear to me sufficiently distinct
to entitle them to rank as a separate family. Some botanists,
however, have doubted of the propriety of this separation, and
still think that they ought to be reunited to the other families of
Composites ; but it is unnecessary here to argue against such an
opinion, — derived more, probably, from the works of others, than
from actual observation, — as little investigation is requisite to
see that by this reunion, the limits hitherto well-defined between
the Cichoracecs and Carduacece would be completely removed :
and as no advantage whatever can be derived from this arrange-
ment, it is certainly preferable to retain them as a distinct group,
and more especially as they evidently have throughout a very
marked affinity.

The Labiatiflorce, with the exception of a few species chiefly
belonging to the group Perdicece, are peculiar to the western
hemisphere ; and they constitute one fifth of the Composites of
the South-American Flora, where they appear to occupy the

2 b 2 place

186 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

place of the Cichoracece of the Northern hemisphere, to whom
they bear a striking analogy both in habit and structure ; but in
the Chilian Flora, where this family is more especially abundant,
they form nearly one-half of the whole class. 1 have ventured
to give the descriptions of a few interesting species from Brazil
belonging to this family, whose affinities seemed to justify their
insertion in this memoir.

Trib. 1. Trixidete. Receptaculum epaleatum. Flosculi uni-
formes, bilabiati, hermaphroditi. Stigmata soluta, semi-
cylindrica, truncata, papillosa. Planta scepius fruticosce,
foliis integris.

Sect. a. Pappo piloso.

Trixis. P. Br., Dec, Lag.

Perdicii sp., L.

Receptaculum villosum. Flosculi indefiniti. Involucrum sequale.

Involiicrum simplici v. duplici ordine poly-(5— l6)phyllum, basi
squamis paucissimis s. bracteis amplis munitum : foliolis
subcequalibus. Receptaculum dense villosum. Flosculi in-
definiti (5 — 25) hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; labio exteriore li-
gulato, patulo, tridenticulato, 4-nervio (nervis rectis, late-
ralibus longe intramarginalibus) ; interiore revoluto, bi-
partite : laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, binerviis, apice pube-
rulis. Antherce in tubum connate, basi bisetosae (setis sim-
plicibus) apice appendicula lineari lanceolata acuta co-
riace^ coronatae. Stigmata semicylindrica, truncata, re-
curva, apice papillosa, nervo manifesto. Achenia subteretia,
nunc compressiuscula, undique papilloso-scabra : disco epi-
gyno concavo, parum dilatato, margine elevato, calloso.
Pappus capillaris, caducus : radiis duplici ordine copiosis,

basi solutis, denticulato-scabris.

Frutices

of the Class Composite. 187

Frutices foliis indivisis, rloribus terminalibus numerosis, albis aut
luteis.

* lnvolucri foliolis simplici serie dispositis. Propria?.

1. T. cacaloidcs, foliis petiolatis ellipticis subintegerrimis seri-

ceis, involucro pentaphyllo : foliolis ligulatis obtusis rloscu-

lis brevioribus.
Perclicium cacaloicles. Kanth in II. et B. Nov. Gen. et Sp.

PL 4. p. 154.
In Peruvia. Riiiz et Pavon. t? .

Caulis fruticosus, erectus, ramosissimus, rigidus, cortice fusces-
cente obductus. Hamuli hirsuti. Folia petiolata, ex obo-
vata ad ellipticam forraam variantia, sed rariu_s obovata,
mucronulata, integerrima, nunc rarii\s perparce denticu-
lata, utrinque sericeo-pubescentia, pollicem v. 2 pollices
longa, e semipollicari ad unciam latitudine variantia. Pe-
tioli breves. Flores parvi, fasciculato-corymbosi, numero-
sissimi. Pedicelli sericeo-villosi. Bract eolce ad basin invo-
lucri subsolitarire, anguste lineares, obtusa?, pubescentes.
Involucrum pentaphyllum : foliolis ligulatis, obtusis, aequa-
libus. Receptacalutn copiose villosum. Flosculi pauci (5 — 7),
hermaphroditi, bilabiati, lutei ; labio exteriore ligulato, ob-
tuse tridenticulato ; interiore bipartito, revoluto : laciniis
linearibus, obtusiusculis, apice barbulatis. Antherce appen-
diculA, lineari obtusiusculci terminatse, basi biseta? : setis
simplicibus. Stigma bifidum : laciniis recurvatis, truncatis,
minute papillosis. Achenia linearia, compressa, minute
papilloso-scabra. Pappus capillaris, flavescens, denticulis
asper, caducus.

2. T. cali/cina, foliis petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis dentatis subtus

lanatis, involucro 10-phyllo : foliolis subulatis flosculis lon-

gioribus.

Perdicium

188 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Perdiciura calycinum. Mart. Mss.
In Bahia Brasiliensium. Martins. ^ .

Frutex facie Mthonia fruticosa* , erectus, rigidus, ramosissimus,
fragilis. Ramuli teretes, undique villis copiosis glandulis mi-
nutis pedicellatis interstinctis vestiti. Folia alterna, petio-
lata, ovato-lanceolata, acuta, acute dentata, turn dentibus
approximates subserrata, basi attenuata, subtus copiose vil-
loso-lanata, supra, demum nuda, viridia, bi- v. tripollicaria,
semunciam v. ultra lata. Corymbi terminales, laxe divari-
cati. Pedunculi filiformes, minute glandulosi, pollicares
v. bipollicares, apicem versus crassiores, squamis aliquot
(2 — 3) lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis muniti. Involucrum
fere Kleinia, simplex, decaphyllum minute glandulosum,
basi bracteola angustissimd instructum : foliolis lineari-
subulatis, erectis, acutis, flosculis longioribus. Receptacu-
lum copiose villosum. Flosculi 10 — 12, hermaphroditi, bi-
labiati ; labio exteriore ligulato, patulo, acute tridenticulato ;
interiore bipartite* : laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, acutis, revo-
lutis, apice imberbibus. Antherce basi longe biaristatae, ap-
pendicula lineari-lanceolata obtusiusculci terminate. Stig-
ma bipartitum : laciniis recurvatis, semicylindricis, apice
truncatis, papilloso-puberulis. Achenia longa, teretiuscula,
undique aspere papillosa, apicem versus paululum angusti-
ora. Pappus capillaris, cinereus, denticulis asper, caducus.

3. T. corymbosa, foliis petiolatis lanceolatis integerrimis puberu-
lis, involucro 8-phyllo : foliolis lineari-lanceolatis acutis.
Perdicium corymbosum. Herb. S. et M.
In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. ^ .

Caulis lignosus, diffuse ramosissimus. Rami teretes, cortice
striato cinereo-fusco obducti. Folia sparsa, petiolata, lan-

* Edinb. New Phil. Jonrn. 1. c. p. 309.

ceolata,

of the Class Composites. 189

ceolata, mucronata, margine integerrima, nunc plana, sub-
inde retlexa, utrinque cum ramulis pube subtili vestita, sub-
tus costa prominula, reticulato-venosissima, membranacea,
basi attenuata, sesqui- v. tripollicaria, semunciam v. paulo
ultra lata. Flores lutei, copiosissimi, laxe corymbosi. Pechm-
culi pedicelliqae dense pubescentes. Bractece infcriores per
pedunculos sparsae, foliis conformes ; superiores sensim mi-
nores ; supremis lineari-lanceolatis, acutis, basi attenuatis,
margine revolutis, multo minoribus, involucrum munienti-
bus. Receptaculian copiose villosum. Flosculi 10 — 12,
hermaphroditic bilabiati; labio eaicriore ligulato, obtuse
tridenticulato, patulo ; interiore bipartite : laciniis lineari-
lanceolatis, revolutis, apice obtusis, barbulatis, marginibus
primum conglutinatis. Antherce setis 2 capillaceis basi mu-
nita?, apice appendicula lineari acutiuscula ipsius antherae
longitudine coronatse. Stigma bipartitum : laciniis semi-
teretibus, papilloso-pruinosis, apice truncatis, recurvis.
Achenia teretia, minute papillosa, et glandulosa. Pappus
capillaris, flavescens, denticulis scaber, caducus.

** Involucri squamis duplici ordine dispositis.
4. T. glutinosa, foliis sessilibus oblongis integerrimis subtus lana-
tis, rloribus corymbosis, involucri foliolis lineari-lanceolatis
coriaceis.
Perdicium brasiliense. Mart. Mss. non L.
In Brasilia provincial Minas Geraes vulgo dicta. Martius. \ .

Caulis fruticosus, erectus, ramosus. Ra?tii teretes, cortice cinna-
momeo obducti, pilis glandulisque copiose ornati, viscosi,
penna corvin& vix crassiores. Folia alterna, sessilia, oblonga,
v. lineari-lanceolata, mucronulata, integerrima, coriacea,
supra gramineo-viridia, reticulato-venosa, parce incum-
benti-pilosa, glandulosa, et glutinosa, subtus copiose cine-

reo-

190 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera arid Species

reo-lanata, lana villosa nunc lutescenti, sesqui- v. bipolli-
caria, semunciam lata. Flores corymbosi, magni, aurei.
Corymbus simplex, terminalis pluri-(5 — 7)florus. Pedunculi
robusti, unitlori, teretes, ut et involucrum, glandulis pedi-
cellatis oranino induti, viscosissimi, foliolis aliquot (2 — 4)
caeteris foliis simillimis, at perquam minoribus, instructi.
Involucrum duplici ordine polyphyllum : foliolis lineari-
lanceolatis, acutis, obtuse carinatis ; praeterea bracteolce
pauca', lanceolate, acuta?, subtus tomentosae, breviores.
Receptaculum dense villosum. Flosculi numerosi, herma-
phroditi, tubo longo, limbo bilabiati : labiis revolutis ; ex-
teriore ligulato, obtuse 3-denticulato ; interiore bipartito :
laciniis lanceolato-linearibus, spiraliter convolutis. Antherce
appendicul^t lineari-Ianceolata acuta terminate, basi longe
bisetae : setis simplicibus, muticis. Stigma bifidum : lobis
recurvis, semiteretibus, supra canaliculatis, apice truncato,
papilloso-barbulato. Achenia subteretia longiuscula, undi-
que papilloso-scabra. Pappus pilosus, niveus, denticulis
scaber.
This is totally distinct from the Perdicium brasiliense of Lin-
naeus, as will hereafter appear.

5. 'J', divaricata, foliis lanceolatis acuminatis denticulatis basi
auriculatis, floribus paniculatis, involucri foliolis lanceo-
latis membranaceis.

Perdicium divaricatum. Kunth in II. et B. Nov. Gen. et Sp.
PL 4. p. 155. t. 355.

P. auriculatum. Bot. Mag. t. 2165.

In Peru via. Ruiz et Pavon. t? .

Caulis fruticosus, teres, flexuosus, ut videtur scandens, diva-
ricato-ramosissimus, cortice fulvello pubescente inclutus.
Folia alterna, sessilia, lanceolata, acuminata, margine den-
ticulis

of the Class Composite. 1£)1

ticulis plurimis perexiguis instrncta, membranacea, deorsum
attenuata, imd basi auriculato-cordata, 3 — 5-pollicaria, lati-
tudine pollicaria v. sesqui-pollicaria, supra gramineo-viri-
dia, nunc glabra, subtus pallida, villosiuscula. Flores nutan-
tcs, paniculati, lutescentes. Paiiicula terrninalis, divaricata,
mult i flora. Pedunculi flexuosi, pediceltique copiose pubes-
centes. Bracteola paucissima?, lanceolato-subulatae, recur-
vuhe, pubescentes. Involucrum duplici serie poly-(13 — 16)-
phyllum, velutinum : foliolis lanceolatis, acuminatis, politis,
membranaceis ; intimis plurimum longioribus. Recepiacu-
lum villosum. Flosculi 12 — 14, bilabiati, liermaphroditi ;
labio exteriore ligulato, 3-denticulato ; interiore bipartito :
segmcntis lanceolato-subulatis, apice puberulis. Antherct ap-
pendicuhl lineari-lanceolata obtusiuscula ipsa anthera lon-
giore, basi setis 2 simplicibus munita?. Stigma bipartitum :
laciniis recurvis, apice truncatis, minute papillosis. Acheula
longiuscula, compressa, undique papilloso-glandulosa. Pap-
pus capillaris, flavicans, caducus, denticulis scaber.

The figure given in the Nova Genera et Species is accurate as
to the general character of the plant ; but the leaves are repre-
sented with a perfectly entire margin, which is clearly an error ;
for there can be no question as to the identity of the two plants,
and indeed the description of M. Kunth shows that the figure is
faulty in this respect. I have no doubt that the Perdicium auri-
culatum given in the Botanical Magazine (tab. 2765.) is really
this plant, and that it is not, as there erroneously stated, from
Brazil, but had been imported from Peru.

*** Involucrum basi bracteis 5 amplis foliaceis obvallattim : foliolis
simplici ordine digest is. Flosculi plurimi. Alcithoe.

6. T. longifolia, foliis petiolatis lanceolatis acuminatis integerri-

mis laevibus.
vol. xvi. 2 c Perdicium

192 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Perdicium longifolium. Herb. S. et M.
In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. f? .

Caulis fruticosus. Rami cylindrici, pallidi, perparce sericeo-
pubescentes. Folia (Salicis) numerosa, alterna, brevissime
petiolata, lanceolata, acuminata, integerrima, submembra-
nacea, utrinque, sed prsesertim subtns, aclpresse villosius-
cula, costa prominula, venisque plurimis obliquis reticu-
latim ramosissimis manifestis, basi v. acut&, v. (in supe-
rioribus) obtusa, gramineo-viridia, plerumque palmaria,
vix semipollicem lata. Petioli teretiusculi, lineam v. ultra
longi. Flores terminales, corymbosi, aurei. Corymbus sim-
plex, foliosus, multiflorus. Pedunculi copiose glanduloso-
pubescentes, unciales. Bractece 5, amplae, foliacea?, ovato-
lanceolata?, acuminata;, glanduloso-pubescentes. Involu-
crwn simplici ordine 8-phyllum : foliolis ligulatis, acutis, co-
riaceis, costa tis, intus sericeo-villosissimis, extus atomis resi-
nosis copiosissimis. Receptaculum copiose villosum. Flos-
culi plures, (18 — 20) hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; labio extc-
riore ligulato, patulo, obtuse tridentato ; interiore bipartito,
revoluto : segmentis lineari-lanceolatis, apice obtusis pube-
rulisque. Anthera appendicula ligulato obtusa cartilaginea1.
antheram ipsam longitudine sequante, basi setis 2 simplici-
bus longis cuspidatis munita;. Stigma bipartitum : laciniis
recurvis, apice papilloso-barbatis, truncatis. Achenia te-
retiuscula, undique papilloso-scabra. Pappus capillaris,
fulvellus, denticulis minutissimis scaber, fragilis, inasqualis,
caducus.

7. T. alata, foliis decurrentibus ellipticis denticulatis scabris.
In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. Tj .

Caulis fruticosus, erectus, rigidus, ramosus. Rami teretes, fo-
liaceo-alati, copiose pilosi, scabri. Folia alterna, longe per

caulem

of the Class Compositce. 193

caulem decurrentia, oblongo-ovata, acuta, mucronuloque
corneo munita, utrinque papillis setosis exasperata, viridia,
margine denticulata, costa basi penitus prominenti api-
cem versus perexili, venis prominulis obliquis ramosissimis,
2 — 3-uncialia, unciam v. sesquiunciam lata. Flores termi-
nales, plures, corymbosi. Corymbus simplex. Pedunculi
teretes, validi, dense glanduloso-pilosi, semunciales. Brac-
tece 5, amplae, foliaceae, ovato-lanceolatae, acuminata, co-
piose glandulosa?, pollicares v. sesquipollicares, vix semi-
pollicem latoe, involucro longiores, atque obvallantes. Invo-
lucrum simplici serie 8-phyllum : foliolis lineari-lanceolatis,
acuminatis, coriaceis, apice membranaceis, papilloso-glan-
dulosis. Peceptaculum dense pilosum. Flosculi aurei, plu-
rimi (24) hermaphroditi, bilabiati, omnibus majores ; labio
exteriore ligulato, elliptico, tridenticulato ; interiore pro-
funde bipartito : segment is linearibus, obtusis, pilosiusculis,
spiraliter revolutis. Anther ce. basi bisetoe : set is simplicibus,
aristatis : appendicular ligulata, obtusa, cartilaginea, ipsd
antherd breviore. Stigma bipartitum: lobis recurvatis, apice
truncatis et papillosis. Achenia teretiuscula, papilloso-
scabra, spadicea. Pappus capillaceus, denticulis scaber,
caducus, niveus.

8. T. involucrata, foliis ovato-lanceolatis integerrimis subtus se-
riceo-villosissimis.
In Mexico. D. Paidlus de La Llave. ^ .

Caulis fruticosus, ramosus. Rami teretes, undique villosissimi.
Folia alterna, sessilia, conferta, ovato-lanceolata, acumi-
nata, integerrima, uninervia, venis angulo acuto obliquis,
plurimis; membranacea, supra viridia, glandulis pedicel-
latis copiose ornata, subtus sericeo-villosissima, pollicaria.
Flores magni, in apice ramulorum pauci (4 — 5), corymbosi.

2 c 2 Involucrum

194 , Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Involucrum copiose glandulosum, serie simplici 8-phyllum,
bracteis amplis, foliaceis, ovato-lanceolatis, mucronatis ob-
vallatum : foliolis lineari-lanceolatis, mucronatis, nervosis.
Receptaculum copiose villosum. Flosculi aurei, copiosi, bi-
labiati, hermaphroditi, ajquales : titbo intus hirsuto ; labia
eiteriore ligulato, patulo, apice tridenticulato ; interiore altr
bipartite : segmentis linearibus, revolutis, apice obtuso, bar-
bate. Filamenta compressa, glabra. Antherce appendicula
ipsius antherae longitudine, ligulata, coriacea terminate,
basi longe biaristatae : aristis nudis, lineari-setaceis. Stylus
filiform is, glaber. Stigmata semicylindrica, truncata, minute
papillosa. Achenia longitudine fere involucri, angusta, te-
tragona, minute papilloso-scabra. Pappus pilosus, fulvo-
cinereus : radiis duplici ordine digestis, creberrime denti-
culatis, basi solutis, deciduis.

This genus constitutes the transition from the Cichoracece to
the more aberrant groups of the Labiatijhrce. The habit and
the general resemblance of its flowers to those of the former
family, justify the place which I have assigned to it. I have
followed Lacasca and DeCandolle in restoring the old name
of Triiis, first applied to designate the original species of this
_< nus by Dr. Patrick Browne ; but the genus having been united
to Perdicium by Linnaeus, the name was subsequently used by
Swartz to denote the Jiaitlieria of Aublet. The third section
may probably be reckoned sufficiently distinct to constitute
another genus ; but this point I shall leave till further observa-
tions shall determine.

Cleantiies.

Perdicii sp., L.

Receptaculum glabrum ! Flosculi indefiniti. Involucrum aequale.

Involucrum simplici v. duplici ordine polyphyllum : foliolis sub-

aequalibus.

of the Class Composites. 193

aequalibus. Receptaculum convexum, glabrum. Flosculi in-
definite hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; labio exteriore elliptico,
obtuse tridenticulato, 4-nervio, patulo ; intcriorc bipartite :
laciniis lanceolatis, acutis, binerviis, revolutis, soepe mar-
gine conglutinatis. Stamina tubo inserta : jilamenta glabra ;
articulo superiore teretiusculo : anthera appendicula linean-
lanceolata, acuta, cartilagineo-membranacea coronata?, basi
bisetosae : setis compressis, attenuatis, simplicibus, sequa-
libus. Stylus tiliformis, glaber, basi bulbosus. Stigmata
semicylindrica, apice truncata, minute papillosa, recurvata.
Achenia subfusiformia, compressa, undique papilloso-sca-
bra, 5-costata : costis callosis. Discus epigynus dilatatus,
concavus. Pappus pilosus, persistans : radiis duplici ordine
copiosis, denticulato-scabris.
Herbre perennes, habitu omnind Hieracii. Caulis muliiflorus.
Folia indivisa ; radicalia maxima, pctiolata. Flores conjm-
bosi. Pappus cinereus.

1. G. brasiliensis, pilosissima; caule angulato, involucri foliolis

lanceolatis obtusis.
Perdicium brasiliense. Linn. Mant. 115. Vahl. in Act. Soc.

Hist. Nat. Haf. Up. 12.
In Brasilia. Arduini. if .

Herba perennis, tota pilis basi callosis copiose vestita, hispidula.
Caulis erectus, angulatus, superne sulcatus, apice ramosus,
pedalis. Folia radicalia petiolata, patula, elliptico-oblonga,
aut spathulata, sinuato-dentata (dentibus tuberculo calloso
terminatis, productis, tunc rar6 pauld retrorsis), basi atte-
nuata, costa media subtus prominula nervisque angulo
acuto oblique transversis instructa, palmaria, sesquiun-
ciam lata ; caulina plura, multoties minora, sessilia, line-
ari-lanceolata, margine dentata, revoluta, tuberculo calloso

terminata,

196 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

terminata, uncialia v. biuncialia. Petioli unciales, subtus
carinati, basi valde dilatati. Flores plures (7) corymbosi,
magnitudine Hieracii Sabaudi. Pedunculi sulcati, bipolli-
cares, uniflori, undique dense pilosi et glandulosi, basi
srepiusque supra medium bracteol& lineari-lanceolata cana-
liculate! muniti. Involucrum hispidissimum, duplici ordine
poly-(14 — 18)phyllum : foliolis ligulatis, obtusis, basi sub-
tus obtuse carinatis, apice planis membranaceis latioribus-
que. Ftosculi lutei, numerosi, hermaphroditi, bilabiati :
tubo glanduloso, basi 5-angulo, fauce dilatato ; labio exte-
riore elliptico-oblongo, obtuse tridenticulato, 4-nervio, ner-
vis intermediis profunde bipartitis ; interiore bipartito : seg-
ment is lanceolatis, acutis, revolutis, nervis 2 longe intramar-
ginalibus. Filamenta glabra ; articulo supcriore teretiusculo.
duplo breviore. Anthercc appendicula lineari, obtusa, sub-
falcata, cartilagine& coronatas basi bisetosa? : set is com-
planatis, attenuatis, a?qualibus. Stylus glaber, basi callosa.
Stigmata linearia, truncata, minute papillosa, recurva.
Achenia subfusiformia, undique papilloso-scabra. Discus
epigi/nus concavus. Pappus pilosus, cinereus : radiis duplici
ordine eopiosissimis, denticulato-scabris, deciduis.

The foregoing description of this interesting, and hitherto
obscure plant, is taken from the original specimen preserved in
the Linnrean herbarium, which together with the extensive col-
lections and library of the late Sir James Edward Smith have
now become the property of the Linnean Society. The acqui-
sition of these collections will add much to the honour and credit
of the Society, and will tend greatly to advance the science of
Natural History in this country. Now that the number of spe-
cies is so much increased, it is impossible in extensive genera
to determine satisfactorily the older ones, without having: recourse
to the authentic materials on which they were founded.

2. C. hie-

of the Class Composites. 197

2. C. hieracioides, glabriuscula ; caule subnudo tereti, involucri
foliolis cuneato-lanceolatis acutis.
In Brasilia. Sello. % .

Plant a herbacea, leviter papillosa, virens. Radix perennis, e
fibris pluribus, fili emporetici crassitie composita. Caules
e radice plures, erecti, teretes, subfiliformes, apice tantum
ramosi, foliis ferfe destituti, sesquipedales, pennam corvinam
crassitie vix adaequantes. Folia radicalia maxima, petiolata,
patula, oblongo-spathulata, repanda, vix ac ne vix sinuata,
uninervia, basi attenuata, supra prope marginem proesertim
scabriuscula, aculeis minutissimis callosis, subtus ad costam
pilosa, palmaria, latitudine fere biuncialia ; caulina paucis-
sima (2 v. 4) plurimum minora, semiamplexicaulia, lineari-
lanceolata, mucronulata, denticulata, uncialia. Flores plu-
res (5 — 7) corymbosi. Pedunculi longi, simplices v. bifidi,
copiose papilloso-glandulosi. Bractece lineares, mucronu-
lata3. Involucrum simplici ordine poly(10-)pliyllum : foliolis
cuneato-lanceolatis, acutis, concavis, extus copiose papil-
loso-glandulosis, scabris. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi
plures, hermaphroditi, albi ? tubo glanduloso : Umbo eodem
breviore, bilabiato ; labio exteriore elliptico, obtuse triden-
ticulato, 4-nervio, patulo ; interiore bipartite : laciniis lan-
ceolatis, acutis, binerviis, revolutis, ssepe margine conglu-
tinatis. Anthcra appendicula lanceolata acuta, cartilagineo-
membranaceti coronatae, basi longe bisetosse. Stylus filifor-
mis, glaber, basi bulbosus. Stigmata semicylindrica, re-
. curvata, apice truncata, parum dilatata, minuteque papil-
losa. Achenia subfusiformia, compressa, papilloso-scabra,
5-costata. Pappus pilosus, cinereus, persistens : radiis du-
plici ordine copiosis, scabris, rigidulis.
Very near akin to the preceding species ; but in that the stem

is angular and somewhat leafy, and the whole plant clothed with

bristly

198 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

bristly hairs. The flowers are also larger ; and the leaflets of the
involucrum nearly twice the number, and arranged in a double
series. The genus, which appears to be a very natural one, is
essentially distinguished from TrLvis by the naked receptacle.

Proustia. Lag. et Dec.

Receptaciihtm pilosum. Flosculi 5. Pappi radiis penicillatis.
Involucrum polyphyllum, imbricatum.

Involucrum tubulosum, polyphyllum : squamis ellipticis, integer-
rimis, multiplici serie adpresse imbricatis. Receptaculum
parvum, copiose pilosum. Flosculi 5, hermaphroditi, bi-
labiati ; labio exteriore ligulato, tridenticulato, 4-nervio,
patulo, demum revoluto ; interiore profunda bipartite :
segmentis lineari-lanceolatis, binerviis, obtusiusculis, revo-
lutis, primum conglutinatis. Antherce in tubum connate,
basi bisetae : setts simplicibus v. ramulosis : appendicula ter-
minalis linearis, acutiuscula, cartilaginea. Stigma bilobum :
lobis apice truncatis, papilloso-pruinosis, recurvis. Achenia
cuneata, compressa, pilosa v. teretiuscula et papillosa :
disco epigyno dilatato. Pappus persistens : radiis duplici
ordine copiosis, apice penicillatis.

Arbusculae v. Frutices ramosissimi . Folia alterna, indivisa. Flores
Ihijrsoidei v. fasciculato-corymbosi, purpurei aut lutei.

* Floribus thyrsoideis purpureis, aclicniis pilosis, pappo colorato.
Propria?.

1. P. pyrifolia, foliis petiolatis cordato-rotundis ovalibusve sub-

tus tomentosis.
Proustia pyrifolia. Lag. et Dec. in Ann. Mus. 19- p- 70. t. 4.
In Chili prope Talcahuana (Ludovicus N6e) ; ad Coquimbo.

Caldcleugh. Tj .

Arbuscula erecta, ramosissima, tempore florendi ornatissima.

Rami

of the Class Composite. lgg

Rami teretes, a casu foliorum nodosi, tomento cinereo de-
ciduo vestiti. Folia omnino Mali v. Cydonice, alterna, petio-
lata, subrotundo-cordata v. ovalia, abrupte mucronulata,
mucronulo brevissimo conico, margine integerrima, v. nunc
saepe dentibus pluribus mucronulatis instructa, coriacea,
basi nunc rotundata, tunc obsoletius cordata, supra viridia,
nitida, glandulisque elevatis copiose ornata, reticulato-veno-
sissima, subtus tomento denso cinereo, demum flavicanti et
partim deciduo, instructa, sesqui- v. fere tri-pollicaria, un-
ciam aut sesquiunciam lata. Petioli teretes, dense tomen-
tosi, supra de"pressiusculi, 3 lineas longi, basi crassiore re-
manenti, inde rami tuberculati. Flores purpurei, in thyrso
amplo copiosissimi, glomerati, hinc comosi. Rachis et pe-
dicelli omnino lanati. Involucrum oblongo-cylindricum, po-
lyphyllum : squamis ovalibus, obsolete mucronulatis, coria-
ceis ; extimis ovatis, levissime lanuginosis, margine ciliatis,
adpresse et decussatim imbricatis. Receptaculum punctum
pilosum. Flosculi 5, hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; labio exte-
riore ligulato, acute tridenticulato, parum revoluto ; inte-
riore profunde bipartito, spiraliter revoluto : laciniis line-
aribus, acutis, primum marginibus leviter conglutinatis.
Antherce appendicula lineari acuta cartilagine& terminatse,
basi bisetae : setis linearibus, compressis, basi ramulosis.
Stigma bilobum : lobis crassis, recurvulis, apice obtusis,
minute papilloso-pruinosis. Achenia pilosa. Pappus pur-
pureus : radiis basi solutis, apice penicillatis.

2. P. oblongifolia, foliis petiolatis oblongis subtus tomentosis.
In Peru via. Ruiz ct Pavon. ^ .

Pracedenti similis. Rami teretes, flexuosi, post foliorum lapsum
nodulosi, tomento cinereo caduco prim6 vestiti, glandulisque
elevatis persistentibus perparce muniti. Folia alterna. pe-

VOL- xvi. 2 d tiolata,

200 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

tiolata, oblonga, mucronata, mucrone brevi subulato recto,
margine integerrima v. parce denticulata, coriacea, supra
viridia, lucida, reticulato-venosissima, venis siccitate pro-
minulis, subtus dense cinereo-tomentosa, fere bipollicaria,
9 lineas v. parum ultra lata. Flores glomerati, in thyrsum
confertum ovatum dispositi. Pedunculi et pedicelli brevis-
sirai, dense lanati. Involucrum polyphyllum, decussatim
imbricatum ; squamis exterioribus ovatis, acutiusculis, con-
cavis ; interioribus oblongis, obtusis, pariter coriaceis, le-
vissime lanuginosis. Flosculi 5, omnino ut in pracedente.
Anthera basi biseta? : sctis basi ramulosis : appendiculd line-
ari, acutiuscula. Stigma bilobum : lobis semiteretibus, obtu-
sis, crassis, minute papillosis. ^c/*e?*/apilosa. Pappus fusco-
purpureus : radiis apice penicillatis, ima basi connexis.

This species is intimately allied to the preceding ; but its
oblong, and much narrower leaves, appear to constitute a spe-
cific distinction.

** Floribus pappoque albis, acheniis papilloso-scabris, teretiusculis.

3. P. reticulata, foliis sessilibus oblongo-cuneatis serrulatis gla-
bris, thyrso composito laxo.
Proustia reticulata. Las:. Mss.
Perdicium serrulatum. Herb. S. et M.
In Mexico. Sesse et Moci?ino.^ •

Frutex erectus, rigidus, ramosissimus. Rami sulcati, glabri.
Folia sessilia, oblongo-cuneata, quandoque obovata, argute
serrulata, coriacea, basin versus integerrima, utrinque gla-
bra, siccitate lutescenti-viridia, costal venisque ramosissi-
mis prominulis reticulata, subtus punctis numerosissimis
resinosis ornata, 3 pollices longa, unciam v. sesquiunciam
lata; rameis lineari-oblongis, mucronulatis, vix pollicaribus.

Flores

of the Class Composite. 201

Flores glomerati (glomeruli 4 — 9-rlori), in thyrsum laxum,
obtuse pyramidatum digesti, albi, siccitate rlavescentes.
Involucrum tubulosum, imbricatum, fere semunciale : squa-
mis ovalibus, obtusis, ciliatis, adpressis. Receptaculum pi-
losum. Floscitli 5, hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; labio exteriore
ligulato, obtuse 3-denticulato ; inter tore bipartito : segmen-
tis lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis, revolutis, primum congluti-
natis. Anthera appendicular lanceolate muticA cartilagineA
coronatae, basi bisetae : setis simplicibus, setaceo-subulatis,
acutissimis, ipsa anthera longioribus. Stigma bilobum, mi-
nute papilloso-pruinosum. Achenia cuneata, compressa,
minute papillosa. Pappus albus, demum flavescens, deci-
duus : radiis tenuissimis, apice penicillatis.

4. P. mexicana, foliis amplexicaulibus cordatis acuminatis denti-
culatis membranaceis, corymbis fasciculatis, involucri squa-
mis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis.

Proustia mexicana. Lag. Mss.

Perdicium mexicanum. Herb. S. et M.

In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. t? .

Rami erecti, sulcati, pube glandulosa vestiti. Folia alterna,
amplexicaulia, cordato-ovata v. oblonga, acuminata, argute
copioseque spinuloso-denticulata, tunc subserrata, membra-
nacea, reticulato-venosa, utrinque aspere papillosa. viridia,
subtu.s et ramuli, praecipue juventute, atomis resinosis aureo-
micantibus aclspersa, pollicaria v. bipollicaria, unciam lata.
Flores fasciculato-corymbosi. Pedicelli squamis ovato-lan-
ceolatis, acuminatis, recurvulis, minute glandulosis muniti.
Involucra oblonga, tubulosa, polyphylla, copiose glandu-
losa : squamis ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, adpressis. Flos-
culi 5, hermaphroditi, bilabiati, albi ; labio exteriore ligu-
lato, acute tridentato ; interiore bipartito : laciniis lineari-

2 d 2 bus,

202 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

bus, obtusiusculis, revolutis. Anthera basi setis longis, sim-
plicibus, acutis munitae, appendicula lineari-lanceolata,
obtusiuscula terminate . Stigma bifidum : laciniis semi-
teretibus, truncatis, recurvis, papilloso-pruinosis. Ache-
nia teretiuscula, papilloso-scabra. Pappus albus : radiis
denticulis scabris, ima basi connexis, apice subsimplici !

*** Flores luxe spicati, rosei. Achenia cuneato-trigona, villosa.
Pappus capillaris,fusco-purpureus. Harmodia.

5. P. cuneifolia, foliis lanceolato-cuneatis mucronulatis dentatis
coriaceis glabris, floribus spicatis.
In Chili ad Coquimbo. Caldcleugh.^ ■

Frutex erectus, rigidus, facie proteacea. Rami teretes, glabri,
foliosi. Folia altema, petiolata, bipollicaria, lanceolato-
cuneata, mucronulata, coriacea, rigida, glabra, subtus costa
prominente venisque conspicuis reticulata, ruargine nunc
integerrima, nunc denticulata, illinc dentibus paucis ma-
joribus ad apicem instructa, inferne attenuata, vix semipol-
licem lata. Flores sessiles, solitarii v. per paria remotius-
culi, bracted lineari-lanceolata mucronatA foliacea suffulti,
hinc quasi axillares, in spicam terminalem, nunc basi ra-
mosam, palmarem dispositi. Involucra polyphylla, imbri-
cata, parce lanuginosa : squamis ovalibus ellipticisve, ob-
tusis, concavis, coriaceis, margine praecipue lanuginosis,
adpressis. FLeceptaculum villosum. Flosculi 5, herma-
phroditi, bilabiati, rosei ; labio exteriore ligulato, acute tri-
dentato ; interiore bipartite, revoluto : laciniis linearibus,
obtusis. Antherce basi setis 2, longis, simplicibus, acutis
auctse, appendicula ligulata, acutiuscula, cartilaginea ter-
minata;. Sligma bifidum : lobis lingulatis, obtusis, minute
papillosis, recurvis. Achenia cuneata, trigona, sericeo-

villosa.

of the Class Composites. 203

villosa. Pappus fusco-purpureus, mollissimus : radiis lon-
gis, capillaceis, apice puberulis.

Acourtia.

Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi inclefiniti. Pappi radiis penicil-
latis. Involucrum polyphyllum, imbricatum.

Involucrum turbinatum, multiplici ordine polyphyllum, imbrica-
tum : squamis lanceolatis, mucronatis, adpressis, integerri-
mis, basi dilatata cum rachi articulatis, deciduis ! Recepta-
culum nudum, scrobiculatum. Flosculi plurimi (25 — 30)
hermaphroditi, bilabiati, requales ; labio exteriore ligulato,
obtuse tridentato, 4-nervio ; interiore bipartite, revoluto :
segmentis linearibus, obtusis, binerviis. Antherce appendi-
cula lineari-lanceolata, acutiuscula, cartilaginea terminate,
basi bisetosoe : setis simplicibus, obtusis. Stigmata linearia,
truncata, apice papillosa. Achenia teretinscula, (semun-
cialia) undique papilloso-scabra : disco epigyno parum dila-
tato, planiusculo. Pappi radiis simplici serie contiguis,
deciduis, apice penicillatis.

Planta fruticosa, habitu omnino Serratuke, glauca. Caulis sesqui-
v. tri-pedalis, erectus, rigidus, teres, paniculatim ramosus.
Rami sulcati, glabri, virides, nunc sanguinolenti, penna cor-
vince crassitie. Folia alterna, amplexicaulia, cordato-oblonga,
quandoque superne latiora, subspathulata, mucrone calloso in-
structa, margine spinuloso-serrata, posticibus rotundatis, sub-
stantia cartilaginea, rigida, utrinque nuda, reticulato-veno-
sissima, 2 — 4>-uncialia, pollicem v. sesquipollicem lata; sum-
mis multd minoribus, sapiusque integerrimis. Flores in
apice ramtdorum plures (3 — 10) corymboso-glomerati, Ser-
ratulas coronatae magnitudine. Pedunculi teretes, glabri,
semipollicares. Involucra sape sanguineo-colorata . Flosculi

purpurei :

204 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

purpurci : nervis infra sinus laciniarum dichotomis. Pappus
niveus.

1. A. formosa.

In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. ^ .

This genus agrees with the preceding in the structure of its
involucrum, and with Trixis in the indefinite number of its
florets ; but it is distinguished from both by its naked recep-
tacle, and from Clarionia by the structure of its pappus, by its
equal florets, as well as by its widely different habit.

I have dedicated this very distinct and interesting genus to
Mrs. A'Court, of Heytesbury House, Wilts, whose botanical
taste and knowledge have long merited for her this compli-
ment.

Clarionia. Lag. et Dec.

Perezia. Lag. Amen. ~Nat. 1. p. 31.

Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi indefinite Pappus capillaris.
Lnvohicrum polyphyllum, imbricatum.

Involucrum oblongum, cylindricum, multiplici ordine polyphyl-
lum, imbricatum. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi omnes
hermaphroditi, bilabiati; ??iarginales majores, radium remu-
lantes ; labio exteriore longo, ligulato, 4-nervio, obtuse tri-
denticulato, patulo ; interiore profundi bipartito : segmen-
tis lineari-angustissimis, binerviis, apice attenuatis, spi-
raliter revolutis, primo margine conglutinatis, uti saepius
perfacile pro unico et simplici habitis ; disci multoties bre-
viores ; labio exteriore elliptico, concavo, obtuse tridenticu-
lato ; interiore bipartito, spiraliter revoluto : segmentis simi-
liter conglutinatis, at latioribus. Filamenta capillaria, gla-
bra, articulo manifesto. Anthera appendicula lineari, acuta,

cartilagineo-

of the Class Composite. 205

cartilagineo-membrauacea terminatae, basi bisetae : setis
inaequalibus, validiusculis, mucronatis, simplicibus. Stig-
mata linearia, truncata, revoluta, supra canaliculate, apice
parum dilatato, papilloso. Achenia teretiuscula v. com-
pressa : disco epigyno dilatato. Pappus persistans, pilo-
sus : radiis. duplici ordine copiosis, scabris, apice simpli-
cibus.
Herbae perennes. Flores solitarii, magni, rubri v. albi.

* Caalescentes foliis indivisis.

1. C. spathulata, foliis planis spathulatis.
Clarionia spathulata. Lag. Mss.
In Chili. Ruiz et Pavon.% .

Herba caespitosa. Caulis pedalis, erectus, simplicissimus, ali-
quando ramulum unicum protrudit, uniflorus, filiformis,
glaber, crassitie pennae corvinee, apicem versus glandulis
pedicellatis copiosk ornatus. Folia radicalia fere omnino
Othonnce ckeirifolice, numerosa, spathulata, plana, coriacea,
margine integerrima v. crenulata, utrinque laete viridia,
glaberrima, subtus costa valid& venisque reticularis in-
structa, basin versus in petiolum attenuata, sesquipolli-
caria, ad laminam latitudine unguem adasquantia ; cau-
lina sparsa, plurimum minora, stricta, subadpressa, lingu-
lata, margine integerrima ac cartilaginea, basi dilatatd et
denticulata, unguicularia v. nunc (praesertim inferiora) fere
uncialia. Flos terminalis, solitarius. Involucrum triplici
ordine polyphyllum, imbricatum : squamis ligulatis, inte-
gerrimis, adpressis, minute glandulosis ; interioribus mu-
cronulatis, longioribus. Flosculi hermaphroditi, bilabiati,
albi ; labio exteriore longo, ligulato, obtuse tridenticulato,
4-nervio ; inter lore bipartito : segme?itis angustissimis, re-
volutis, binerviis. Anthera appendicula lineari, acuta, co-

loratA,

206 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

lorata, cartilaginea terminatae, basi bisetae : se^'slongissimis,
linearibus, complanatis, filamentoso-aristatis. Stylus inclu-
sus. Stigma bipartitum : segmentis linearibus, truncatis,
recurvis, apice papillosis. Achenia ancipiti-compressa, ad-
presse sericeo-villosissima. Pappus pilosus, inaequalis, cre-
berrime denticulatus, fusco-cinereus.

Near akin to Clarionia lactucoides, the Perdicium lactucoides
of Vahl (Act. Havn. 1. pars 2. p. 11. t. 5.), which however is
readily distinguished by having the radical leaves on long foot-
stalks, lanceolate, and obtuse. In other respects both plants are
much alike.

2. C. recurvata, foliis reciirvatis linearibus rugosis margine revo-
lutis spinuloso-denticulatis.
Perdicium recurvatum. Vahl. I.e. 1. p. 13. t. 7. (bona.)
In Chili. Ruiz et Pavon. % .

Caulescens, sempervirens, fruticulosa. Caules palmares, dense
foliosi. Folia undique versa, basibus valde dilatatis, margine
membranaceo-ciliatis, imbricata, sursum recurvato-patula,
linearia, spinula cartilaginea alb& apiculata, nitida, viridia,
margine revoluta, supra transversim reticulato-rugosa, cos-
taque lata planiuscul^ instructa, utrinque glandulis minutis
pedicellatis, praesertim ad costam, munita, in periphaeria
paginae superioris prascipue denticulis plurimis spinulosis,
cartilagineis, albis, unica serie digestis, aliisque rar6 ad-
spersis, ornata, pollicaria, sesquilineam lata. Peduncidus
solitarius, terminalis, tripollicaris, erectus, filiformis, uni-
florus, pube glandulosa asperulus, foliolis aliquot sparsis,
linearibus, costa validii carinatis, spinuloso-mucronatis,
margine ciliatis, adpressis munitus. Involucrum campanu-
latum, unciale : squamis multiplici ordine adpresse imbri-

catis,

of the Class Compositce. 207

catis, ligulatis, spinuloso-mueronatis, extus papilloso-glan-
dulosis, asperiusculis ; exterioribus margine spinuloso-cilia-
tis ; interioribvs margine membranaceis, integerrimis. Ftos-
culi hermaphroditi, bilabiati, albi ; labio exteriore ligulato,
3-denticulato, 4-nervio ; interiore bipartite, membranaceo,
spiraliter revoluto. Ant fierce appendicula liueari-lanceolata
acutfi, basi longe bisetosre. Stigma exsertum, bipartitum :
segmentis semicylindricis, recurvatis, apice latiore trun-
cate, minute papillose Achenia ancipiti-compressa, gla-
bra. Pappus pilosus, inaequalis, creberrime clenticulatus,
fusco-brunneus.

** Acaules foliis pinnatifidis, acheniis elongatis, teretiusculis.
Palesia.

3. C. runcinata, foliorum segmentis rotundatis spinoso-serratis
undulatis, scapis elongatis, involucri squamis integerrimis.
Perezia runcinata. Lag. Mss.
In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. % .

Radix fusiformis. Caudex brevissimus, lanatus. Folia plurima,
radicalia, breviter petiolata, spathulato-oblonga, runcinato-
pinnatifida, membranacea, utrinque viridia, punctis elevatis
aspera, siccitate tactu arida (an similiter in vivis?) 3 — 5-
pollicaria, unciam v. sesquiunciam lata : lobis latis, rotun-
datis, crebre ina?qualiterque spinoso-serratis, undulatis.
Scapi erecti, filiformes, scabri, uniflori, folia longitudine
aequantes, apicem versus paululum crassiores. lnvolucrum
multiplici ordine polyphjdlum, imbricatum : squamis lan-
ceolatis, pungenti-mucronatis, integerrimis, rigidis, aliis-
que similibus per scapi superius dimidium sparsis. Re-
ceptaculum nudum. Flosculi omnes hermaphroditi, bila-
biati, nervis infra laciniarum sinus profunde bipartitis ;
exteriores multo majores ; labium exterius maximum, ligu-

vol. xvi. 2 e latum,

208 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of nezv Genera and Species

latum, patulum, apice tridenticulatum, nervis 4 aequaliter
distantibus ; interim profundi: bipartitum : segmentis lineari-
lanceolatis, binerviis, apice spiraliter revolutis. Anthera
appendicula lanceolate acuta cristatai, basi longe bicornutae.
Stigmata linearia, revoluta, supra canaliculata, apice trun-
cate), dilatato, papillose Achenia teretiuscula, papilloso-mu-
ricata, semuncialia : disco epigyno dilatato, calloso. Pappus
longus, pilosus, cinereo-fulvellus : radiis duplici ordine con-
fertissimis, scabris, apice simplicibus, inaequalibus.

4. C? virens, foliorum segmentis ellipticis spinuloso-ciliatis pla-
nis, rlore sessili, involucri squamis dentatis.
In Peruvian summis alpibus Cordilleras de los Andes Hispa-
nice dictis. Ruiz et Pavon. 1/ .

Herba ex habitu Cl. Magellanic^ affinis videtur, acaulis, ca?spi-
tosa, intense clareque virens. Radix e fibris compluribus
longis crassiusculis composita. Folia in orbem acta, nu-
merosa, patentissima, profunde pinnatifida, circumscrip-
tione lanceolata, membranacea, tactu arida, rigentia, ses-
qui- v. bipollicaria, semunciatn lata, basi tenuissime mem-
branaceo-ciliata, costa valida. interne latiore subtus con-
vex4 : segmentis ovalibus, planis, margine ciliis plurimis
cartilagineis, setaceo-spinulosis ornatis, apice arista tenni,
longiuscula, recta instructis, utrinque oculo armato punctis
numerosis, minutissimis adspersis. Flos solitarius, sessi-
lis. Involucrum polyphyllum : squamis oblongis, mucrona-
tis, spinuloso-dentatis. Cretera mihi ignota.

HoMOIANTHUS.

of the Class Composite. 209

Homoianthus. Bonpl., Dec.
Homantiiis. Kuntli.
Peuezi^ sp., Lag.
Perdicii sp., Vahl.

Heceptaculum tuberculatum. Pappus pilosus. Involucrum du-
plici orditie polyphyllum, subaequale.

Involucrum hemisphaericum, duplici ordine polyphyllum : folio-
lis longitucline aequalibus ; exterioribus dentatis ; interioribus
integerrimis, mucronatis. Receptaculum tuberculis trun-
catis margine fimbriatis instructum. Flosculi subaaquales,
hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; labio exteriore elliptico, concavo,
marginibus induplicatis, obtuse tridenticulato, substantia
crassiusculo, cartilagineo ; interiore membranaceo, bipar-
tito : /acim'/s linearibus, spiraliter revolutis. Filamenta com-
planata, glabra, articulo manifesto. Anthera. appendicula
lineari-lanceolata acuta cristatae, basi bisetae : setts sim-
-plicibus, attenuatis. Stylus filiformis. Stigma inclusum,
bifidum : lobis semicylindricis, apice truncatis, papilloso-
pruinosis. Achenia compressa, dense hirsuta. Pappus pi-
losus : radiis duplici serie digestis, denticulato-scabris, basi
solutis, deciduis.

Herbae perennes. Folia pinna tifida. Flores solitarii v. corym-
bosi. Flosculi ccEvulei v. albi. Pappus sordide fulvus.
Achenia vittis adpressis ferrugineis nitidis tecta.

1. II. pinnatifidus, inermis ; foliorum segmentis ovalibus obtusis

ciliatis imbricatis, caule unifloro foliis breviore.

Homoianthus. Dec. in Ann. Mas. xix. p. 65. t. 3./. 2.

Homanthis pinnatifidus. Kunth in H. et B. Nov. Gen. et Sp.

PL 4. p. 308.

2 e 2 Chaetanthera

210 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Chffitanthera pinnatifida. II. et B. PL Mqu. 2. p. 170. t. 136.

Ferezia pinnatifida. Lag. Mss.

In Peruvian alpibus summis frigidissimis. Ruiz et Pavon. if. .

Herba perennis, subacaulis, caespitosa. Radix e fibris complu-
ribus filo emporetico crassitie aequalibus, longissimis com-
posita. Caides plures, foliis duplo breviores, erecti, sim-
plices, unirlori, teretes, superne pilosi, vix pennam anse-
rinam crassitie eequantes. Folia radicalia plurima, in orbem
acta, patula, petiolata, profunde pinnatifida, circumscrip-
tione linearia, obtusa, costa dilatata, subtus convexa, ner-
vosa, bi- v. tri-pollicaria : segmentis subrotundo-ovalibus,
obtusis, inoequilateris, coriaceis, supra punctis nnmerosis
elevatis asperis, subtus glabris, margine setaceo-ciliatis,
sa3pius conduplicatis, invicem se imbricatis, unguiculari-
bus ; caulina paucissima (2 — 3) lineari-lanceolata, dupli-
cato-serrata, serraturis aristatis, semuncialia, 2 lineas lata,
petiolis longioribus membranaceis paginam ipsam latitu-
dine penissime aequantibus. Petioli lineares, dilatati, ner-
vosa, margine membranacei, basin versus latiores, subtus
striati, 2 — 3-unciales, 3 — 4 lineas lati. Flores terminales,
solitarii, albi. Involucrum hemisphaericum, duplici ordine
poly-(24 — 30)phyllum, asquale : foliolis exterioribus dupli-
cato-serratis (serraturis aristatis) foliis caulinis subsimili-
bus ; intimis ligulatis, apice rotundatis, mucronato-arista-
tis, margine membranaceis, integerrimis. Receptaculum an
tuberculatum? Floscidi omnes hermaphroditi, tequales, bi-
labiati ; labio exteriore ovali-oblongo, obtuse triclenticulato,
substantia crassa cartilaginea, marginibus inrlexis concavo ;
interiore membranaceo, bipartito : laciniis linearibus, atte-
nuatis, spiraliter revolutis. Filamenta complanata, glabra.
Antherce basi setis 2 simplicibus attenuatis auctae, appen-

dicula

of the Class Compositce. 2 1 I

dicul& lineari-lanceolata acutA. atro-purpured terminate,
Stigma bilobum, inclusum : lobis semicylindricis, trunca-
tis, minute papulosis, recurvis. Achenia elliptica, com-
pressiuscula, dens£ hirsuta. Pappus pilosus, creberrime
denticulatus, fulvellus, deciduus.

2. H. multiflorus, spinosus ; foliis dentato-pinnatifidis, floribus
corymbosis.

Homoianthus. Dec. I. c. t. 3.f. 6.

Homanthis multiflorus. Kanth I. c. 4. p. 14.

Chaetanthera multifiora. H. et B. 1. e. 2. p. 168. t. 135.

In Peruvian locis alpinis frigidis Provinciarum Cantae, Tar-
ma?, Huanuci, Huamalies, Jaujae, et Huarochiri. Ruiz et
Pavon. v .

Radix fusiformis. Caulis pedalis v. cubitalis, erectus, foliosus,
teres, villis mollibus articulatis viscidis copiosc vestitus,
crassitie digiti minoris. Folia alterna, sessilia, bi- v. tri-
pollicaria, lineari-lanceolata, dentato-pinnatifida, coriacea,
supra pube glandulosa, subtus villis articulatis copiosc
vestita : dentibus magnis, triangulari-ovatis, simplicibus v.
rarius tricuspidatis, spinula alba recta terminatis. Flores
terminales, numerosi (20 — 30) in corymbum digesti. Pe-
dunculi crassi, lanati, bracteati. Involucrum duplici ordine
poly-(10 — l6)phyllum : foliolis ovato-lanceolatis, spinuloso-
acuminatis, glanduloso-tomentosis ; intimis margine lato sca-
rioso apice producto, hinc abrupte emarginato-truncatis
cum mucrone ; extimis margine inde unidentatis. Recep-
taculum convexum, tuberculatum: tuberculis truncatis, mar-
gine fimbriatis. Flosculi albo-ceerulei, quam in proecedente
triplo minores, hermaphroditi, requales, bilabiati ; labio ex-
teriore elliptico-oblongo, concavo, subcartilagineo, obtuse
tridenticulato ; interiore membranaceo, bipartito : laciniis

lanceolate-

212 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

lanceolato-linearibus, acutiusculis, primum conglutinatis,
demura spiraliter revolutis. Anthera basi setis 2 simplicibus
munitae : appendiculd lineari-lanceolata acuta atro-violacea.
Stigma bifidura : laciniis semicylindricis, apice latiore, trun-
cato, minute papillose Achenia cuneato-oblonga, pilis rufis
hirsutissima. Pappus pilosus, fulvus : radiis creberrime den-
ticulatis, mucronulo simplici nudo apiculatis.
Obs. Planta Scorzonercc peruviana nomine a Ruizio inscripta.
Floret tempore pluviarum. Vulgo Escorzonero. Maxime
refrigerans et cordialis est : usus ejus communissimus est
in omni Regno Peruviano. Ruiz Mss.

This genus is intimately allied to the preceding ; but its tuber-
culate receptacle, the consistence and greater uniformity of its
florets, and its involucrum composed of a double series of nearly
equal scales, appear to constitute a sufficient generic distinction.
Intimately allied to the last species is the Perdiciian squarrosum
of Vahl (Act. Havn. i. par. 2. p. 11. t. 6.), which is, however,
distinguished by its more slender habit; by the more numerous
and closely disposed segments of its leaves ; and lastly, by having
much fewer flowers on longer peduncles, disposed in a loose
spreading corymbus.

b. Pappo Plumoso.
Leuceria. Lag. et Dec.

Flosculi marginales radiati. Pappi radiis phimosis simplici serie
dispositis. Involucrum imbricatum.

Involucrum semiglobosum, triplici circiter serie polyphyllum,
imbricatum. Receptaculum nudum, scrobiculatum. Flos-
culi plurimi, hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; in periphaeria ma-
jores ligula longiore patulo et hinc radium constituentibus ;
labio exteriore ligulato, 4-nervio, tridentato ; interiore pro-
fundi bipartito : segmentis lineari-angustissimis, obtusius-

culis,

of the Class Compositce. 213

culis, spiraliter revolutis, margine primum conglutinatis.
AnthercE appendicula lanceolata terminate, basi longe bi-
setrc : setis tenuissimis, simplicibus. Stigmata semicylin-
drica, apice dilatato, truncato, papillose Achenia cuneata,
compressa, pilosa. Pappi radiis phimosis, simplici ordine
contiguis, basi conferruminatis.
Herboe caulescentes* niveo-lanatcc, radice sape annuel. Folia raro
indivisa. Flores pedunculati, purpurei, albi, aut jlavi. Li-
gulae nervi exteriores longe intramarginales. Pappus ?iiveus.

* lnvolucri squamis multiplici serie imbricatis ; intimis intramar-
ginalibus, scariosis, paleas mentientibus. Propria?.

1. L. acanthoides, caule subsimplici, foliis amplexicaulibus pin-
natifidis spinuloso-mucronatis.
In Chili. Ruiz ct Pavon. if .

Herba perennis, niveo-canescens. Radix fusiformis, crassa,
fusca. Caulis cubitalis, strictus, simplex, teres, gracilis, uno
latere erubescens, lanugine niveo et setulis numerosis glan-
duliferis obsitus, crassitie vix pennam corvinam adrequans.
Folia radicalia fere Arctotis tristis, longe petiolata, profunde
pinnatifida, niveo-lanata, palmaria : segmentis oblongis, mu-
cronulatis, tridentatis, v. rarius sinuato-dentatis, unguicu-
laribus ; caulina amplexicaulia, pinnatifida, subtus lanugi-
nosa, supra pallide viridia, et lanugine fere destituta, punc-
tis elevatis glanduliferis, scabriuscula, pollicaria v. sesqui-
pollicaria : laciniis ovato-lanceolatis, spinuloso-mucronatis,
margine revolutis, integerrimis. Flores plures (3 — 5 v. 7)
longe pedunculati, in corymbum digesti, terminales. Invo-
lucrunt semiglobosum, ut et pedunculi tripollicares, lanugi-
nosum, glandulisque pedicellatis munitum : squamis multi-
plici ordine imbricatis, lanceolatis, muticis v. mucronula-
tis, membranaceis, adpressis. Receptaculum scrohicvX&twm.

Flosculi

214 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Flosculi cyanei, omnes hermaphroditi, bilabiati, tubo cylin-
drico limbo requali ; labio exteriore elliptico, obsolete; triden-
ticulato ; interiore bipartite, spiraliter revoluto : laciniis line-
aribus, obtusiusculis, primum margine conglutinatis. An-
thera basi longe bisetse, appendicula lineari-lanceolat& ob-
tusa terminator. Stigma bipartitum : laciniis semicylindri-
cis, apice dilatato-truncatis, minute papillosis, recurvis.
Achenia cuneato-compressa, pilosa. Pappus niveus, cadu-
cus : radiis phimosis, basi leviter connexis.

2. L. divaricata, caule diffuse ramosissimo, foliis amplexicaulibus
inciso-pinnatifidis.
In Chili ad Coquimbo. Caldclengh. © .

Caulis tripedalis, erectus, ramosissimus, divaricatus, uti cum
tota fere herbfi glandulis pedicellatis confertissimis necnon
lanugine alb^ parciori instructus. Folia caulina (superiora
tantum vidi) remote alterna, amplexicaulia, inciso-pinnati-
fida, subtus costa prominenti instructa, lanugine nivea ves-
tita, supra opaco-viridia, glandulosa, uncialia v. sesquiun-
cialia ; segmentis lanceolatis, cuspidatis, margine revolutis,
intewerrimis ; imis duobus sagittas more porrectis. Flores
laxe paniculati. Pedunculi filiformes, uti cum involucro
copiosissime glandulosi atque lanuginosi, sesquipollicares.
Involucram subglobosum, truncatum : squamis multiplici or-
dine imbricatis ; exterioribus ovato-lanceolatis, obtusis, ad-
pressis ; intimis longioribus, acutis. Receptacuhnn scrobi-
culatum. Floscidi flavi, omnes hermaphroditi, bilabiati ;
marginales plures (15 — 16) radium cemulantes ; labio exteriore
ligulato, tridenticulato, in radio majore patulo, in disco re-
voluto ; interiore bipartito : segmentis lineari-angustissimis,
membranaceis, prime- conglutinatis, revolutis. Filainenta
capillaria, glabra. Anther a basi setis 2 tenuissimis sim-

plicibus

of the Class Composite. 215

plicibus longis aucta?, appendicula lineari acutA anthera
ipsa longiore terminate. Stigma bipartitum : segmentis
semicylindricis, revolutis, apice dilatato-truncatis, papil-
loso-pruinosis. Ackenia oblonga, compressa, undique se-
tulosa. Pappus albus, fugax : radiis plumosis, simplici
ordine digestis, ima basi connexis.

** Involucri squamis duplici ordine dispositis, subaqualibus. Cas-

siopea.

3. L. cinerea, foliis petiolatis pinnatifidis : lobis subrotundis den-
tatis, involucri squamis mucronulatis.
In Chili, aridis arenosis ad urbem Conceptionis. Ruiz et
Pawn. q.

Herba facie Senecionis viscosa, niveo-lanata. Radix capillaceo-
fibrosa. Caulis erectus, teres, ramulosus, altitudine per-
quam varius, bi- v. tri-pollicaris, nunc palmaris v. spitha-
maeus. Folia alterna, petiolata, cuneato-oblonga, sinuoso-
pinnatifida, subtus densii\s lanata, basi attenuata, uncialia
v. sesquiuncialia : segmentis subrotundo-ovatis, nunc tra-
pezoideo-ovatis, mucronulatis, margine paululum reflexis,
dentibusque inaequalibus mucronulatis instructis, 3 lineas
longis. Petioli lineares, margine membranaceo-alati, sub-
tus convexiusculi, striati, hinc inde lanati, vix unciales.
Flores pauci (3 — 5) magnitudine et facie fere Senecionis
elegantis, pedunculosi, rubicundi. Involucrum globosum,
duplici v. rar6 subtriplici ordine polyphyllum, imbrica-
tum : squamis ellipticis sive elliptico-oblongis, mucronu-
latis, membranaceis, adpressis, longitudine subsequalibus,
extus glanduloso-pubescentibus, apice sanguineo-coloratis.
Flosculi omnes hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; labio exteriore \iga-
lato, elliptico-oblongo, tridentato ; interiore bipartito, revo-
luto : segmentis linearibus, obtusiusculis, margine congluti-

vol. xvj. 2 f natis.

ll\C) Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

natis. AnthercB basi setis longis, tenuissimis, simplicibus
auctoe, appendiculA, lanceolate acuta terminatae. Achenia
cuneata, compressa, pilis brevibus adpressiusculis vestita.
Pappus niveus, fugax : radiis leviter plumosis, imk basi
connexis.

4. L. pulchella, foliis amplexicaulibus pinnatifidis : laciniis ovato-
lanceolatis margine revolutis subintegerrimis, involucri
squamis acuminatis.
In Chili ad Coquimbo. Caldcleugh. ©.

Herba niveo-lanata, glandulis pedicellatis copiosc munita. Ra-
dix fibrosa, annua. Caulis erectus, ramosus, teres, 4 — 5-
uncialis. Folia radicalia petiolata, patula, cuneata, den-
tata; caulina amplexicaulia, sinuato-pinnatifida, mucronu-
lata, uncialia, margine revoluta, subtus niveo-lanata, supra
viridia, glandulisque copiosis ornata, vix lanuginosa : seg-
mentis ovatis v. lanceolatis, simplicibus, aut rar6 denticu-
latis, apice mucronulatis. Flores pedunculati, rubicundi,
magnitudine praecedentis. Pediinculi tomentosi et glan-
dulosi, filiformes, graciles, unirlori, pollicares v. sesquipol-
licares. Involucrum hemisphrericum, copiose glandulosum,
atratum : squamis duplici serie digestis, lanceolatis, acumi-
natis, adpressis, subnequalibus. Flosculi omnes hermaphro-
diti, bilabiati ; labio exteriore ligulato, patulo, tridenticu-
lato ; interiore bipartito, revoluto : laciniis lineari-angustis-
simis, primtim margine conglutinatis. Anthera. appendi-
cul& lineari obtusiuscula membranacea terminatae, basi bi-
setae : setis simplicibus, basi cuspidatis, anther^ ipsa paul6
brevioribus. Stigma bipartitum : segmentis semicylinclricis,
recurvatis, apice dilatato-truncatis, minute papulosis. Ache-
nia hispidula. Pappus albus, caducus : radiis plumosis, ima

basi connexis.

5. L. glan-

of t he Class Composites. 217

5. h.glandulosa, foliis sessilibus sinuato-dentatis, involucri squa-
mis mucronulatis.
Cum prascedente. Cahlclei/gh. ©.

Ucrba lanugine alba glandulisque pedicellatis copiosissimis prre-
dita. Radix fibrosa, annua. Caulis erectus, ramosus, teres,
gracilis, spithamams v. pedalis. Folia radicalia brevissimt-
petiolata, cuneato-oblonga, patentia, acute sinuato-dentata,
sesqui- v. tri-pollicaria ; caulina inferiora conformia, sed
remotius dentata (dentibus mucronulo obtuso terminatis) ;
superiora lanceolata, acuminata, nunc integerrima, sub-
amplexicaulia, nunc rarius tripartita ! Flores plures, longe
pedunculati, intense rubicundi, necnon majores quam in
pra?cedente. Pedunculi recti, filiformes, unitiori, undique,
uti involucnim, copiose lanuginosi atque pilis glandulosis pa-
tulis praediti. Involucnim semiglobosum, truncatum, duplici
ordine imbricatum : squamis oblongis, mucronulatis, sub-
a?qualibus, adpressis, margine membranaceis. Receptaculum
scrobiculatum. Flosculi omnes hermaphroditi, bilabiati ;
labio extcriore ligulato, tridenticulato, superficie asperius-
cula ; interior? bipartito : segmentis lineari-attenuatis, revo-
lutis, primum margine conglutinatis ; marginales multoties
majores, radium aemulantes. Anthera appendicula lineari-
lanceolata acutiuscula. membranacea terminate, basi bi-
setae : setis simplicibus, acutis, ipsa anther^ paulo breviori-
bus. Stigma bipartitum : laciniis recurvis, apice dilatato-
truncatis, papilloso-pruinosis. Achenia cuneata, compressa,
pilosissima. Pappus niveus, fugax : radiis eleganter phi-
mosis, ima basi in annulum connexis.

The Trixis senecioides of Dr. Hooker's Exotic Flora belongs,
as we have elsewhere stated, to this genus, whose receptacle is
certainly naked ; for the paleaceous scales attributed to its cir-

2 f 2 cumference

218 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

cumference are clearly nothing more than the scales composing
the inner series of the involucrum. The plumose pappus com-
pared with that of the inner floret of the partial capitula of
Polyachyrus, a genus hereafter to be described, the form and
structure of their corolla, the outer lamina of which is tra-
versed in both by four distant slender nerves, and the habit of
the plants themselves, show that there is a considerable degree
of affinity between these two genera.

Ptilurus.

Flosculi aequales. Pappi radiis plumosis, duplici serie dispositis.
Involucrum subsequale.

Involucrum duplici ordine poly-(18 — 20)phyllum, subaequale :
foliolis ovato-lanceolatis, trinerviis, apice membranaceo
acuminato radiatis. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi omnes
hermaphroditi, tubulosi, bilabiati, aequales ; labio exteriore
ligulato, 4-nervio, obtuse tridenticulato ; interiore bipartite,
demum revoluto : segmentis linearibus, obtusis, binerviis.
Anthera coalitae, basi longe bisetosce : setis simplicibus :
appendicula lineari-lanceolata, acuta. Stigma bipartitum :
laciniis semicylindricis, recurvis, apice dilatato-truncatis,
pruinosis. Achenia elliptico-oblonga, compressa, dense pa-
pilloso-glandulosa, apice angustata, disco parvo. Pappi
radiis crassiusculis, eleganter phimosis, mollissimis, duplici
ordine digestis, basi dilatata imbricatis ! deciduis.

Herba perennis, humilis, ccespifosa, facie Dauci v. Athamantse,
setulis erectis, glanduliferis, copiosissime instructa. Radix
fusiformis, raynosa. Caulis erectus, teres, subramosus, tri-
uncialis, vix calami scriptorii crassitie. Folia supradecom-
posita, dense glandulosa, pollicaria v. sesquipollicaria : seg-
mentis linearibus, obtusis, sesquilineam longis. Petioli foliis
longiores, ?naxime dilatato-membranacei ; inferiorum foliorum

la t lores

of the Class Composite . '21<J

latiores et longiores, basibus caulis partem inferiorem imbri-
catim tegentes. Flores terni, brevissime pedunculati, magni,
semiglobosi. Involucrum villis longis articulatis.copiosc lana-
tum : foliolis ovato-lanccolatis, atuminaiis, aqualibus, discum
pan Id super an tibus. Flosculi albi.
Obs. Nomen ad pappi structuram refert, a tttiAo? pluma, et ovpa
cauda.

1. P. daucifolius.

In Peruviae summis alpibus Cordilleras de los Andes Ilispa-
nice dictis. Ruiz et Pavon. % .

'This is another instance of the many analogies that might be
pointed out between the Com posit ce and Umbellifene ; its leaves,
their dilated petioles clasping the stem ; the pubescence, and
indeed the whole habit, has much the air of an umbelliferous
plant ; and without the flowers the acutest botanist would not be
censurable for mistaking it for one of that family. The struc-
ture of its involucrum, the equality of its florets, and the rays of
the pappus arranged in a double series, with dilated imbricate
bases, abundantly distinguish it from Leuceria, to which it other-
wise comes nearest in affinity.

c. Pappo paleaceo.
Triptilion. Ruiz et Pavon.

Rcceptaculum villosum. Flosculi 5. Involucrum polyphyllum,
imbricatum.

Involucrum tubulosum, polyphyllum, imbricatum : squamis lan-
ceolatis, apice spinoso-mucronatis ; extimis squarrosis. Re-
ceptaculum parvum, dense villosum. Flosculi 5, herma-
phroditi, bilabiati ; labio exteriore pataloideo, tridenticulato,
4-nervio (nervis arcuatis), radium perbreve patulum consti-
tuent! ; interiore membranaceo, bipartito, dupld breviore,

revoluto :

220 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

revoluto: laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, obtusiusculis, binerviis,
margine prini6 conglutinatis. Antherce appendicula lan-
ceolate, acut&, membranacea ! terminatee, basi bisetae : setis
simplicibus, nudis, attenuatis. Stigma bipartitum : seg-
mentis semicylinclricis, recurvis, apice truncato, papilloso.
Achenia triquetra, sursum crassiora. Pappi radiis 3 (rarius
5) paleaceis, linearibus, canaliculatis caducis : apicibus pe-
nicillato-plumosis v. ciliatis, involucro longioribus, recur-
vato-patulis.
Herbse ramosissimce, decumbentes, squarrosa. Folia alterna, ses-
silia, simplicia, spinoso-mucronata. Flores fasciculato-corym-
bosi, aut raro subsolitarii, cxjanei v. albi. Pappus niveus aid
fiavicans.

* Pappi radiis apice penicillatis. Propria?.

1. T. spitio&um, foliis pinnatifidis, rloribus fasciculatis, pappi ra-
diis apice penicillatis.

Triptilion spinosum. Ruiz et Pavon Gen. PI. Fl. Per. et Chil.
p. 102. t. 22. Syst. 1. p. 185.

In Chili campis et collibus, praesertim circa Conceptionis
nrbeni (Ruiz et Pavon) : ad urbem S. Jacobi Chilensium.
Caldcleugh. 1/ .

Herba diffuse ramosissima, squarrosa. Radix fibrosa. Caules
plures, decumbentes, flexuosi, graciles, teretes, rigidius-
culi, undique copiose pilosi, spithamrei v. pedales. Folia
sparsa, sessilia, circumscriptione lanceolata, margine revo-
luta, utrinque pilosa, substantia, cartilaginea, rigentia, tactu
arida, subtiis costa manifesto prominente, revera tamen
avenia, semunciam v. unciam longitudine aequantia ; infe-
riora pinnatifida; superiora inciso-dentata, sive raro inte-
gerrima : laciniis paucis, lanceolatis, apiceque folii ipsius
mucrone spinoso elongato stricto armatis. Flores confer-

tissimi,

of the Class Compos/tee. j 1 1

tisisimi, fasciculato-corymbosi. Involucrum imbricatum, un-
guiculare : squamis bracteisque lanceolato-subulatis, apice
patulo elongato triquetro spinoso-mucronatis ; interioribus
adpressis, margine dilatato-membranaceis. Receptacuhim
punctum dense villosum. Flosculi5, hermaphroditi, radium
perbreve, pulchre cyaneum, colore persistente, constituen-
tes; labio exteriore subrotundo-ovali, patulo, subtus concavo,
obtuse tridenticulato ; interiore pallide luteo, bipartito, re-
voluto, exteriore duplo breviore : laciniis lineari-lanceolatis,
obtusiusculis, margine primilm conglutinatis. Anthcrce ap-
pendiculA, lanceolate, acuta membranace& apice ca?rulea
terminatae, basi bisetbs:e : setis simplicibus, nudis, attenu-
atis. Stigma bipartitum: segmentis linearibus, subti\s con-
vexis : apice dilatato-truncato, minute papilloso. Aehenia
pyramidato-trigona, basi attenuata, glabra. Pappus exsertus,
niveus, pulcherrimus : radiis 3, paleaceis, linearibus, cana-
liculatis caducis, apice recurvato-patulo, penicillato-plu-
moso.
Obs. Vulgo dicitur Siempreviva ob colorem riorum permanentem
quorum usus est communissimus ad ornamentum. Floret
Januario et Februario. Planta valde amara est, et ad ar-
dores urina3 atque dolores nephriticos levigandos utilissima.
Ruiz Mss,

2. T. diffusum, foliis lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis, floribus dif-
fuse corymbosis, pappi radiis apice penicillatis.
In Chili ad Coquimbo. Caldcleugh. V .

Hcrba diffuse ramosissima. Caules decumbentes, filiformes,
lenti, superne ramisque virgatis copiose pilosi, spithamgei v.
dodrantales. Folia sparsa, sessilia, lineari-lanceolata, spi-
nuloso-mucronata, subti\s pilosa, margine revoluta, inte-
gerrima, aut rar6 dente uno alterove instructa, uncialia,

sesqui-

2<22 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

sesquilineam v. 2 lineas lata. Flores laxe diffuseque corym-
bosi. lnvolucri squamis exterioribus lineari-subulatis, apice
triquetro spinuloso-mucronatis, patulis, squarrosis ; intimis
membranaceo-dilatatis, extus pilosiusculis. Flosculi radio
subrotundo-ovali, albo ? Caetera ut in prascedente.

This is intimately allied to the preceding species, of which it
may ultimately prove to be only a variety ; but I must leave
this question undecided until further observations shall deter-
mine whether the characters by which they are here separated,
are permanent.

** Pappi radiis apice ciliatis.
3. T. cordifolium, foliis subrotundo-cordatis margine setaceo-
spinosis, floribus subternis.

Triptilion cordifolium. Lag. in Bot. Reg. t. 853.

In Chili. D. Place, q.

Herba radice tenuissime fibrosa, annua, diffuse ramosissima,
la-te virens. Caules filiformes, valde flexuosi, pubescentes.
Folia sparsa, sessilia ; mferiora subrotundo-cordata, am-
plexicaulia; superiora subrotunda v. rhombea ; cartilagi-
neo-membranacea, costa prominente venisque reticulatis
ad oram conrluentibus, hinc marginata, utrinque leviter
pubescentia, viridia, margine spinis longis setaceis, rectis,
divaricato-patulis, solitariis, geminis, aut fasciculatim ter-
natis armata, ad apicem semper trinis approximatis, et
tunc tricuspidata. Flores numerosi, dispersi, in apice ra-
mulorum subsolitarii v. terni, sessiles. Involucrum virens.
pubescens, polyphyllum, imbricatum, squarrosum : squa-
mis lanceolatis, spinoso-mucronatis, carinatis, inrequalibus.
Receptaculum punctum villosum. Flosculi 5, hermaphro-
diti, bilabiati, tubo luteo ; labio interiore bipartito, demum
revoluto, luteo : laciniis lanceolatis, acuminatis, primum

conglutinatis ;

of the Class Composita. 2v3

conglutinatis ; exteriore subrotundo, patulo, albo, subtus
concavo, apice tridenticulato. Anthera appendicula lance-
olato-attenuata, apice obtusula, membranacea, terminate,
basi bisetae : setis lineari-angustissimis, acutis, simplicibus,
ips& antherA, brevioribus. Stigma bipartitum : laciniis an-
gustissimis, semicylindricis, apice minute papillosis, trun-
catis. Achenia turbinato-trigona, glabra. Pappi radiis pa-
leaceis, linearibus, canaliculars, apice recurvis, ciliatis,
rlavicantibus.

*** Acheniis villosis, pappi radiis apice ciliatis.
4. T. glomerulosum, foliis propriis ovatis : acumine trigono spi-
noso ; secundariis glomeratis muticis, floribus solitariis ses-
silibus.

Triptilion glomerulosum. Lag. Amen. Nat. 1. no. 1.

In Chili summis alpibus Cordilleras de los Andes Hispanice

dictis. Ruiz et Pavon. ^ ■

Planta caespitosa, suffrutescens. Caules procumbentes, lignosi, ri-

gidissimi, sesqui- v. tripollicares, crassitie fere calami scrip-

torii, undique glomerulis sphrericis foliorum secundariorum

simulque propriis persistentibus muniti, inde tuberculati,

hinc spinosi. Folia propria basi late dilatata, ovata, imbri-

cata, margine membranacea, apice in acumen trigonum,

spina subulata, rigida, valida, recta terminatum producta,

persistentia; ccetera (secundaria scilicet) in capitulis (ramulis

abortivis) axillaribus congesta, minuta, ovalia, obtusissima,

subtus carinata, margine valde incrassata, apice recur vata,

similiter persistentia. Flores terminales, solitarii, sessiles.

Involucrum polyphyllum, undique imbricatum : squamis

ovatis, carinatis, margine dilatatis, scarioso-membrana-

ceis, apice spina conica, valida, perbrevi armatis, adpressis.

Receptaculum dense villosum. Flosculi 5, hermaphroditi,

vol. xvi. 2 g bilabiati,

224 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

bilabiati, lactei ; labio exteriore petaloideo, orbiculato, ob-
tuse triclenticulato, 4-nervio, patulo ; interiore bipartito :
segmentis lanceolato-attenuatis, apice obtusulis, revolutis.
Anthem appendicula ovato-lanceolata, acuta, membrana-
ceCi terminatee, basi bisetae : setis linearibus, acutis, com-
planatis, simplicibus, ipsa, anther^ fere duplo brevioribus.
Stigma bipartitum : segmentis recurvis, apice truncatis,
minute papillosis. Achenia trigona, undique villosissima.
Pappi radiis 3, paleaceis, linearibus, canaliculars, caducis :
apice recurvato, ciliato, niveo.

This curious genus agrees with Proustia, before described, in
the definite number of its florets, in its hairy receptacle, and
in its imbricate involucrum ; but I have placed it here prin-
cipally on account of the structure of its pappus, although the
difference of this organ is more apparent than real : for the
palese, which crown the fruit of this genus, are evidently formed
by the confluence of innumerable fibres, whose extremities even
in this instance are free.

Trib. 2. Jungete. Receptaculum paleatum, paleis distinctis.
Flosculi uniformes, bilabiati, hermaphroditi. Stigmata so-
luta, angusta, obtusa, vix papillosa. Frutices folds scepiiis
lobatis, floribas paniculatis.

Jungia, L.

Dumerilia. Lag. et Dec.

Martrasia. Lag. Amen. Nat. 1. p. 36.

Involucrum simplex. Pappus plumosus.

Involucrum simplici orcline polyphyllum, basi squamulis aliquot
munitum : foliolis aequalibus, basi callosis. Receptaculum
paleis distinctis, involucri squamis conformibus copiose re-

fertum .

of the Class Composite. 225

fertum. Flosculi numevosi, bilabiati, hermaphroditi ; labio
exteriore ligulato, tridenticulato, nunc trifido ; interiore bi-
partite : segmentis lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis, revolutis.
Anthera appenclicula lineari-lanceolatfi acutA, cartilaginea
coronatae, basi bisetae : setis brevibus, acutis, simplicibus.
Stigmata soluta, linearia, truncata, pruinosa, non papillosa.
Achenia triquetra, papilloso-scabra. Pappus mollis, fugax :
radiis simplici ordine digestis, copiosis, imd basi coalitis,
gracilibus, plumosis.
Frutices (Peruviani) facie peculiari, fere ad Vitem accedunt.
Folia alterna, petiolata, latissima, multiloba. Flores parvi,
lutei v. nivei, sapiiis terminales copiosissimi. Pappus niveus.

The numerous points of accordance, both in habit and struc-
ture, evidently existing between Dumerilia and Jungia, induced
me to suggest the probability of the identity of these two genera,
in which opinion I was agreeably surprised to find myself anti-
cipated by Sprengel ; but the acquisition by this Society of the
Linnaean herbarium has afforded me the opportunity of setting
this question at rest by an examination of the specimen of the
original species of Jungia described in the Supplementum Plan-
tation, which removes all doubt as to their identity. Several
capitula being closely associated together at the extremity of
the divisions of the panicle, and the presence of small bracteae
at their base, have no doubt suggested to Linnaeus the idea of
a compound capitulum.

1. J.ferruginea, foliis subtus dense tomentosis : lobis subaequa-
libus rotundatis, floribus corymbosis, ligulis revolutis tri-
denticulatis.
Jungia ferruginea. Linn. Suppl. p. 390.
In ruderatis et ad margines agrorum in Provincid Cantae
Peruvianorum. Ruiz et Pavon. Tj .

2 g 2 Planta

226 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Planta fruticosa, subscandens, sarmentosa. Canlis ramosus, teres,
glaber. Rami cylindrici, flexuosi, dense pannoso-tomentosi,
fulvescentes. Folia remote alterna, petiolata, 5 — 7-loba,
circumscriptione orbiculato-cordata, supra pilis brevibus
recumbentibus aspera, subtus venis prominentibus varicosa,
tomento albo copiosissimo obruta, holosericea, 2 — 3 uncias
longa, latitudine aequalia : lobis rotundatis, repando-crenatis,
nunc intewerrimis. Petioli unciales, teretes, dense ful-
vescenti-tomentosi, basi crassiore inappendiculati, pennam
corvinam crassitie caeterum aequantes. Corymbi terminales,
compositi, dense fulvescenti-tomentosi. Involucra sphae-
rica, basi bracteolis aliquot lineari-subulatis munita : squa-
mis simplici ordine plurimis (15 — 20) lanceolatis, acumina-
tis, tomentosis, aequalibus, margine membranaceis, indu-
plicatis, dorso convexis. Palea plurimae, lanceolatae, acuta?,
membranacese, obtuse carinatae, dorso apiceque nigricante
puberulis. Flosculi SO circiter, lutei, hermaphroditi, bila-
biati : labiis revolutis ; exteriore elliptico-oblongo, obtuse
tridenticulato ; interiore bifido : laciniis linearibus, obtusis.
Anthera appendicula lineari-lanceolata acutA, cartilaginefi
coronatae, basi bisetae : setis brevibus, acutis, simplicibus.
Stylus tenuis, glaber. Stigmata lineari-lingulata, truncata,
pruinosa. Achenia longiuscula, triquetra, papilloso-scabra.
Pappus fugax, albus : radiis tenuissimis, plumosis.

Obs. Rami hujus plantas ad sarmenta Vitis non paulo referunt.
Vulgo Vingri-Vingri. Floret Februario et Martio. Flores
valde fragrantes, lutei. Ruiz Mss.

The Dumerilia paniculata of DeCandolle is distinguished from
this species by the lobes of its leaves being longer, somewhat
acute, and the margin more deeply and abruptly crenated, and
finally by the trifid ligulate lip of the corolla, which in this is
terminated by three small teeth only.

2. J. spec-

of the Class Composites. 227

2. J. spectabilis, foliis pubescentibus : lobis acutis, floribus radi-
atis glomerato-paniculatis, ligulis patulis tridenticulatis.
In Guayaquil A. Tafalla. t? •

Plctnta fruticosa, floribus niveis copiosissimis foliisque latissi-
mis viridibus ad florencli tempus ornatissima. Rami teretes,
obsolete velutini. Folia remote alterna, petiolata, subro-
tundo-cordata, 7 — 9-loba, membranacea, subtus copiose
pubescentia, reticulato-venosa, supn\ minute papilloso-
setulosa, asperiuscula, 3 — 5-uncialia, tunc fere spithamaea ;
ultima plurimum minora, 5-loba, basi vix emarginata : lobis
semi-ovatis, mucronulatis, acute dentatis s. rarius integer-
rimis ; intermedio paululum majore. Petioli bipollicares,
teretes, velutini, basi inappendiculati, concavi. Flores ter-
minates, copiosissimi, glomerato-paniculati, nivei, pulcher-
rimi. Pedicelli squamulosi, pubescentes. Bracteolce line-
ares, obtusae, patulae, velutinae. Involucra ovalia, insertione
depresso-umbilicata : squamis simplici ordine digestis, plu-
ribus (10 — 12) lanceolatis, acutis, leviter pubescentibus,
dorso convexis, margine membranaceis induplicatis, basi
callosa subtorulosis. Palece plurima?, distinctae, elliptico-
oblongse, acutiusculae, obtuse carinatae, pubescentes. Flos-
culi 21 circiter, bilabiati, hermaphroditi; exteriores majores,
radium constituentibus ; labio exteriore elliptico, triden-
ticulato patulo, nunquam revoluto ; interiore bipartito,
revoluto : segmentis lanceolato-linearibus, acutis. Antheree
appendicula lineari acuta terminatas, basi bisetae : sttis bre-
vibus, acutissimis, simplicibus. Stigmata linearia, revoluta,
apice truncata, pruinosa. Achenia longiuscula, triquetra,
papilloso-scabra. Pappus niveus, caducus : radiis apice
tantum plumosis.

Pleocarphus.

228 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Pleocarphus.

Involucrum imbricatum. Pappus capillaris.

Involucrum triplici serie polyphyllum, imbricatum : squamis
lanceolatis, acuminatis, membranaceis ; interioribus sensim
majoribus. Receptaculum paleatum : paleis distinctis, lan-
ceolatis, acutis v. truncatis lacerisque, rigidis, carinatis,
margine scariosis. Flosculi plures, hermaphroditi, bilabiati ;
labio exteriore ligulato, tridentato, quadrinervio, revoluto ;
interiore bipartito : laciniis lanceolatis, acutis, binerviis, re-
volutis. Filamenta gracillima, glabra. Antherce in tubum
connatae, appendicula lineari-lanceolatfi obtusa cartilagine&
terminata:, basi longe bisetae : setis simplicibus. Stylus fili-
formis, glaber. Stigma bipartitum : segmentis semicylindri-
cis, obtusis, revolutis, minute papillosis. Achenia angusta,
pentagona, copiose papilloso-micantia, scabra : disco epi-
gyno dilatato, planiusculo. Pappus capillaris, persistens :
radiis duplici ordine copiosissimis, denticulis minutissimis
scabris, apice paulo crassiore vix penicillatis.

Caulis fruticosus, erectus, ramosus, teres. Rami cylindrici, undi-
que glandulis pedicellatis copiose induti, rufescentes. Folia
alterna, sessilia, linearia, obtusula, v. mucronulo perbrevi scepe
aucta, margine revoluta, utrinque glandulis capitaiis pedicel-
latis copiose veslita ; primaria sesqui- v. bipollicaria, basi aliis
2 stipulas mentientibus, sublwiatis, semi-ovatis, obtusis, mar-
gine exteriore revolutis, persistentibus appendiculata ; ramea
breviora atque angustiora, basi nuda, attenuata, vix tamen
petiolata. Flores lutei, in ramulis pedunculati, solitarii, aut
scepiiis copiosissimi, tunc racemi v. paniculce modum amulantes.
Pedunculi uniflori, teretes, ut cum involucro glandulosi, 4—6
lineas longi. Corollae nervi longe infra sinus loborum dicho-
tomi, liinc ramis intramarginalibus. Pappus cinereus.

Nomen

of the Class Composites. 229

Nomen ad receptaculum crebre paleatum refert, a 7rAeo? refertus,
et xapfyos perfect.

1. P. revolutus.

In Chili ad Coquimbo. Caldclcugh. J? .

This curious and well-marked genus has been referred to the
Jungea entirely from its similarity of structure in the parts of
fructification : for its habit certainly indicates no affinity to
Jungia, unless we regard the stipule-like appendages of the
leaves of Pleocarphus and some species of the former genus as
pointing out a connexion.

Trib. 3. Polyachyre£. Receptaculum paleatum. Flosculi

uniformes, hermaphroditi, bilabiati. Stigmata linearia,

truncata, apice papillosa. Achenia difformia. Herbce foliis

pinnatijidis.

a. Pappo difformi.

Polyachyrus. Las. et Dec.

•5 ■

Involucella tetraphylla, biflora, in capitulum congregata. Flos-
culi inaequales. Pappus flosculo interiori elongatus, plu-
mosus.

Capitulum compositum, globosum, basi squamis aliquot ovato-
lanceolatis mucronatis rigidis munitum. Involucella plu-
rima, tetraphylla, biflora, paleis ovato-lanceolatis, mucro-
natis, lanugine interstinctis interjecta : foliolis imbricatis,
ovali-oblongis, apice emarginato-truncatis, scariosis, colo-
ratis, conniventibus ; exteriore latiore, basi gibbosa. Re-
ceptaculum partiale nudum. Flosculi singulo involucello
gemini, hermaphroditi, bilabiati, intequales (exteriore mi-
nore) ; labio exteriore ligulato, obtuse tridenticulato, patu-
lo; interiore profunde bipartito: laciniis lineari-lanceolatis,
acutis, spiraliter revolutis. Antherce appendiculii lineari-

lanceolata

230 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

lanceolata acuta, terminate, basi biaristatae : aristis line-
ari-lanceolatis, deorsum attenuatis. Stigma bifidum : lobis
lineari-cuneatis, truncatis, plano-convexis, minute papillosis,
revolutis. Achenia exteriora cuneato-oblonga, papilloso-
scabra ; flosculis vero majoribus (interioribus) Iongiora,
subtetragona. Pappus difformis ; achenio exteriori brevis-
simus, setaceus, denticulatus, basi soluta caducus, fusco-
cinereus : interiori vero elongatus, plumosus, niveus, invo-
lucellum superans, subpersistens, radiis basi crassiore con-
ferruminatis, apice mucronulo simplici.
Herba habitu omnind Echinopsidis, land nived mollissimd dense
obrnta. Caulis cubit alis, erect us, ramosus, teres. Folia al-
terna, basi auriculatd ample xicaulia, palmaria, runcinato-
pinnatifida, viv ultrd semunciam lata, supra parciiis lanata :
segmentis rhombeo-ovatis, dent at is, margine recurvis, mucro-
nulo rejlexo-adpresso terminatis. Capitula sphcerica, pedun-
culata, corymbosa. Pedunculi erecto-patuli, teretes, lanati,
pollicares v. sesquipollicares. Involucella nudiuscula, nitida,
sanguineo-colorata . Flosculi rosei.

1. P. sphcerocephalus.

In Peruvid. Ruiz et Pavon. q.

The capitulum in this genus consists of a congregation of
smaller capitula, each containing two flowers. It is precisely
analogous to that of Echinops, and may be compared to the
compound umbel in other plants. Expansion first takes place
in the florets of the apex of the capitulum, as Mr. Brown has
already remarked in that of the before-mentioned genus. The
compound capitulum, the two unequal florets, each of which is
furnished with a distinct kind of pappus, sufficiently distinguish
this genus from the following.

b. Pappo

of the Class Composite. 231

b. Pappo uniformi.

Gastrocarpha.

Involucrum 5-phyllum. Rcceptaculum paleatum : paleis diffor-
mibus ; exterioribus cucullatis, basi gibbosa, apice truncatis
cum mucronulo flosculum quasi involucello proprio obval-
lantibus. Flosculi hermaphroditi, bilabiati, aequales. Pap-
pus paleaceus, brevissimus, polyphyllus.

Involucrum 5-phyllum (nunc 6-phyllum) : foliolis ovatis, mucro-
natis, sequalibus. Receptaculum paleatum : palece diiformes ;
exteriores 8, periphaericae, simplici ordine digests, foliaceas,
dilatatoe, cucullatas, marginibus ciliatis, fere collapsis, flos-
culos marginales sigillatim, quasi involucello proprio, in-
cludentes, apice truncatae, mucronuloque instructs, extus
basi gibbosa, reticulatim varicosa? ; caeterae interiores, line-
ari-lanceolatoe, scariosa?, canaliculate, apice acuminato sim-
plici, v. bi- aut tri-cuspidato. Flosculi omnes hermaphro-
diti, bilabiati, subrequales (periphaericis paulo majoribus)
extus pilosiusculi ; labio exteriore ligulato, tridenticulato,
patulo ; interiore multo minore, profunde bipartito, revo-
luto, laciniis linearibus, acutis : tubo limbo breviore, apice
paululum dilatato. Filamenta capillaria, teretia, glabra,
elastica, articulo manifesto. Anther & coalitae, flavae, ap-
pendicular lineari-lanceolata, acuta, alba, antherae ipsius
longitudine terminate?, basi longe biseta? : setts simplicibus,
attenuatis. Stylus filiformis, laevis, basi bulbosus. Stigma
bipartitum : lobis linearibus, compressis, extus bisulcatis,
apice truncato, papilloso-hispidulo, paru.m dilatato. Ache-
nia difFormia : marginalia obovata, dorso gibbosa, laevia ;
disci pentagona, minute papillosa. Pappus uniformis, pa-
leaceus, brevissimus, polyphyllus : foliolis lanceolatis, mu-

vol. xvi. 2 H cronatis,

232 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

cronatis, ciliatis, rigidis, siraplici serie contiguis, persisten-
tibus, basi solutis.
Herba erecta, ramosa, virens, copiose glanduloso-villosa, tempore
florendi formosa, odorem moscho similem redolens ; radice
fibrosa, annua. Caulis teres, flexuosus, spithamaus v . peda-
lis ; in hortis tamen sape 5 pedes attingens. Folia alterna,
profunde runcinato-pinnatijida, suprc), opaca, subtiis lucida,
hi- v. tri-pol/icaria : in hortis scepe spithamcea v. pedalia ;
caulinis superioribus basi auriculata aviplexicaulibus : seg-
ments lanceolatis, mucronatis, undulatis, lobatis, acuteque
dentatis. Flores diffuse paniculati, pedicellati. Involucrum
foliaceum, virens, hirtellum. Flosculi plures (12 — 16) sin-
gnlo involucro, nivei. Nob. in Sw. Br. Fl. Gard. t. 229-

1. G. runcinata. Nob. in 1. c.

Moscharia pinnatifida. Ruiz et Pavon Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. et

CM. 1. p. 186? Gen. p. 103?
In Chili ad Coquimbo (Caldcleugh), ad Valparaiso (D. Bridges).

G • (v. v. etiam in hort.)

Whether this be really the Moscharia pinnatifida of Ruiz and
Pavon I must leave for the present undetermined, as there exists
no specimen of it in their herbarium ; and the description of
the parts of fructification, both in the published account of the
genus and also in the manuscripts of Ruiz, cannot be recon-
ciled to Gastrocarpha.

Trib.4. CiiiETANTHERE^. Receptaculum epaleatum. Flosculi
ditformes ; radii foeminei. Antherarum setis subplumosis !
Stigmata crassa, obtusa, partim connata. Herba {Chi-
lenses) plerumque caulescentes, floribus solitariis, magnis,
radiatis.

ClI/ETANTIIEKA.

of the Class Composite. 233

ClI .ETA NTH ERA.
ClIiETANTIIER/E SP., Ruiz Ct PdVOH.

Involucrum polyphyllum, sub&quale. Pappi radiis capillaceis,
simplici orcline dispositis.

Involucrum depressum, multiplici ordine polyphyllum : squamis
subaxpialibus, numerosissimis, foliaceis, perornate spinu-
loso-ciliatis ; intimis membranaceis, integerrimis. Recep-
taculum nudum. Flosculi radii plurimi, foaminei, bilabiati,
staminibus sterilibus ; labio exteriore ligulato, obtuse tri-
lobo, 4-nervio, subtus villosissimo ; interiore bipartito :
laciniis lineari-angustissimis, binerviis apice filo longo spi-
rali terminatis ; disci hermaphroditi, tubulosi, bilabiati :
labiis subaequalibus ; exteriore obtuse tridentato ; interiore
ovato, emarginato. Antherce appenclicula lanceolate acuta
terminate, basi longe bisetre : setis puberulis. Stigma
foemineis bifidum : lobis cymbiformibus, obtusis, conniven-
tibus ; hermaphroditis inclusum : lobis adpressis, plano-
convexis. Achenia ovalia, papilloso-micantia. Pappus ca-
pillars : radiis copiosis, inrcqualibus, persistentibus, sca-
briusculis, simplici ordine dispositis, ima basi conferrumi-
natis.

Herba radice Jibrosd annua. Caulis spithamaus, erectus, simplex
v. rariiis divisus, teres, pubescens. Folia alterna, sessilia, fere
uncialia, late linearia, spinuloso-ciliata, suprd villosa, subtus
glabra ! uninervia, viridia. Flos terminalis, solitarius, rarb
altero laterally sessilis. Involucrum virens, magnitudine nucis
Avellana? : squamis, tanqudm foliis, supra villosulis, subtus
nudis, politis ! lanceolatis, uninerviis ; intimis linearibus, rnu-
cronatis, maculo atrato, extus ad apicetn, notatis. Flosculi
lutei. Pappus fusco-cinereus.

2 h 2 1. C. cilia ta.

234 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

l.C. ciliata.

Ghaetanthera ciliata. Ruiz et Pavon Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. et
Chill, p. 190. Gen. t. 23.

In Chili collibus et campis versus Guilquilemu oppidum
copiose. Ruiz et Pavon. ©.

C/icetant/tera is here limited to the species on which the genus
was originally founded by Ruiz and Pavon. It is sufficiently
characterized by its involucrum, composed of a series of loose,
foliaceous, and nearly equal scales, and by its capillary pappus.
A comparison of the leaves and the scales of the involucrum of
this plant affords a most satisfactory explanation of the origin
of the latter. There being no sample of this plant in the col-
lections of Ruiz and Pavon, the above description has been
drawn up from a specimen presented to Mr. Lambert by

Mr. Brown.

Proselia.

CniETANTHERiE sp., Ruiz et Pavon.

Perdicii sp., Willd.

Involucrum imbricatum. Pappi racliis setaceis, simplici ordine
dispositis.

Involucrum triplici circiter serie polyphyllum, imbricatum, cam-
panulatum : squamis adpressis, lanceolatis, mucronatis, inte-
gerrimis ; exterioribus graclatim minoribus. Receptaculutn
planum, nudum. F/osculi radii plures, foeminei, bilabiati,
staminibus sterilibus ; labio exteriore amplo, ligulato, 4-ner-
vio, obtuse triclenticulato, subtus sericeo-villosissimo ; inte-
riore tenuissimo, bipartito : segmentis primo margine con-
glutinatis, inde unicum simulantibus, binerviis apice in filo
longo,spirali attenuatis; disci hermaphroditi, tubulosi, limbo
bilabiati ; labio exteriore elliptico, obtuse tridentato ; inte-
riore lanceolato, bifido. Antherce appendicula lineari acuta.

cartilainnea

=>

of the Class Composite. 235

cartilaginea terminatac, basi bisetas : setis inaequalibus, pu-
berulis. Stylus teres. Stigma clavatum, bilobum : lobis
crassis, obtusis, conniventibus. Achenia lineari-oblonga,
ancipiti-compressa, tuberculis minutis crystallizatis copiose
ornata. Pappus setaceo-pilosus, subpersistens : radiis sim-
plici ordine dispositis, denticulis exasperatis, apice attenu-
atis, basi conferruminatis.

Planta perennis, suffrutescens. Caules ex eadem raclice plures,
adscendentes, simplices, tcretes, viminei, Iceves, rigidiusculi,
fragiles, palmares v. spithamai, imd basi lanuginosi et lignosi.
Folia Unearia, supernc paululum dilatata, subcuneata, spinu-
loso-dentata, coriacea, rigida, sericeo-villosa, apice tricuspi-
data, dente medio longiori, uncialia v. sesquiuncialia ; radi-
calia plurima, erecta, inferne marginibus involutis, penc Jili-
formia, hinc prout petiolata ; caulina sparsa, breviora, deci-
dua, ob basin tanquum cum caule articulatam. Flos termi-
nalis, solitarius, sessilis. Involucrum basi foliis nonnullis
bracteatum : squamis extus villosis, apice nigro-coloratis, sub-
inde sphacelatis. Flosculi aurei, extus quandoque purpuras-
centes. Pappus flavo-cinereus.

Nomen a wpoo-qXio? apricus, quod huic plantae apte convenit,prop-
terea in arenosis et campis apricis se delectare videtur.

1. P. serrata.

Chaetanthera serrata. Ruiz et Pavon I. c. p. 191.

C. Chilensis. Dec. in Ann. Mas. 19. p. 70. t. 3. /. 8. Lag.

Amen. Nat. 1. p. 38.
Perdicium Chilense. Willd. Sp. PL 3. p. 2118.
In arenosis prope urbem Conceptionis et in Rere provincial

Chilensium. Ruiz et Pavon. 1/ .

This genus differs essentially from the preceding by its imbri-
cate involucrum, composed of many unequal, adpressed, entire

scales,

236 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

scales, and in the structure of its pappus. M. DeCandolle's
description and figure of this plant above referred to, are very
faithful; but both he and Professor Lagasca, in adopting the
name of Willdenow, who had referred it to Perdicium, were
evidently ignorant of its being the Chcetanthera serrata of Ruiz
and Pavon.

BlCHENIA.

Involucrum imbricatum. Flosculi radii labio exteriore multi-
nervio ! Pappi radiis triplici ordine dispositis, apice peni-
cillatis.

lnvolucram polyphyllum, inordinate imbricatum : sguamis lan-
ceolatis, acuminatis, adpressis ; intimis elongatis, radium
aequantibus. Rcceptaculum planum, nudum. Flosculi radii
plurimi (15—18), ligulati, bilabiati, foeminei, staminibus
sterilibus ; labio exteriore amplo, cuneiformi, obtuse tri-
dentato, coriaceo, glabro, multi-(10 v. l5)nervio; interiore
exiguo, membranaceo, bipartite : segment is lineari-filamen-
tosis, spiraliter revolutis ; disci hermaphroditi, tubulato-
bilabiati : labiis longitudine aequalibus ; exteriore ligulato,
obtuse trilobo ; interiore bipartito : segmentis linearibus, ob-
tusis, erectis. Filamenta linearia, complanata, nervo medio
manifesto subcarinata. Anthers appendicula ligulata, mu-
cronulata, coriacea terminate, basi bisetse : setis ramulosis,
phimosis, extremitate simplici, elongata. Stigma clavatum,
bilobum : lobis brevissimis, crassis, conniventi-applicatis,
pruinosis. Achenia angusla, compresso-tetragona, undique
copiose papillosa. Pappus pilosus, subpersistens : radiis
ina;qualibus, triplici ordine digestis, apice penicillatis, le-
viter phimosis.
Herba perennis, acaulis, ccespitosa, land alba, villosa, molli, sicci-
tate lutescente, omnino induta. Folia fere Peclicularium
quavundam, numerosa, radicalia, petiolata, interrupts bipin-

natifda,

of the Class Compositce. '237

natijida, supra dcmum nudiuscula ac viridia, bi- v. tri-polli-
caria ; segmentis primariis remotis, li/tcaribus, obtuse pinna-
tifido-dentatis, uiitialibus, marginc par ion revolutis ; aliis irt-
terjectis, brevissimis, sitnplicibus, integerrimis s. rarius uni-
dentatis. Petioli initiates, teretiusculi, basi ditatato-concavi,
atque invicem se imbricati. Scapi erecti, cijlindrici, simp/i-
cissimi, aniflori, undique copiost fulvescenti-lanati, apicetnque
versus squamis aliquot lanceolatis, acaminatis ?nuniti, crassitie
pennce corvina, longitadinc palmares v. spitliamcei. Flos ter-
minate, solitarius, facie et magnitudine Galardiae bicolori
omuinu similis, aureus. Involucrum dense lanatum : squamis
fuscescentibus. Pappus niveus.

1. B. aurea.

In Chili ad Coquimbo. Caldcleugh. ~n .

A highly interesting addition to this group, for the discovery
of which we are indebted to Alexander Caldcleugh, Esq., F.R.S.
and L.S., who amid other more important avocations has not
neglected the interests of science during his residence in a part
of Chile hitherto but little explored, but has added much to our
knowledge of the Chilian Flora, which, as we have already seen,
is rich in this department of botany.

I have dedicated this genus to my much-valued friend James
E. Bicheno, Esq., F.R.S., the zealous Secretary of this Society,
whose merits as a botanist, and whose liberal views in every de-
partment of science, justly entitle him to this compliment.

Bichenia is most satisfactorily distinguished by its penicillate
pappus, the rays of which are disposed in a triple series, and by
the ligulate florets of the circumference being furnished with an
indefinite number of nerves, which are from 10 to 15, and appa-
rently all primary, as they are of equal size, traversing in straight
parallel lines the corolla from the base to the apex, where they

become

238 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

become confluent. They occupy the centre of the laciniae, and,
unlike the other plants of this family, there are no vessels ter-
minating in, or branching off from the sinus.

Tylloma.

Involucrum imbricatum. Flosculi marginales unilabiati ! Pappus
capillaris : radiis simplici ordine dispositis.

Involucrum ovatum, polyphyllum, multiplici ordine imbricatum:
squamis integerrimis, mucronulatis, Iambus, coriaceis, ad-
pressis ; interioribus oblongis, apice coloratis. Receptacu-
lum nudum. Flosculi marginales pauci, foeminei, unila-
biati, vix radiati, obtuse tridentati ; disci hermaphroditi,
tubulosi, extus sericeo-villosi, limbo bilabiati : labiis abbre-
viatis ; exteriore obtus^ tridentato ; interiore bifido, lobis
lanceolatis, acutis, erectis. Stamina tubo infra medium in-
serta : jilamenta angusta, complanata, glabra, apice atte-
nuata : anthera in tubum coalitse, basi bisetre : setis longis,
ramulosis, subplumosis : appendicula terminalis lanceolato-
linearis, acuminata, cartilaginea, anthera ipsa brevior.
Stylus filiformis, glaber. Stigma clavatum, bilobum : lobis
abbreviatis, conniventibus, crassis, obtusis, pruinosis, mar-
gine incrassatis. Achenia trigona, papilloso-muricata. Pap-
pus capillaris, deciduus : radiis simplici ordine contignis,
subaequalibus, basi apiceque puberulis.

Herba multicaulis, lanugine laxd parcius instructa. Radix ramosa,
annua. Cauclex brevissimus. Caules procumbentes, ci/lin-
dracei, purpurascentes, 2 — ^-unciales. Folia alterna, subses-
silia, in apice ramulorum aggregata, eaten) m sparsa, cuneato-
lanceolata, limbata, integerrima, complicata, Jlexnosa, valde
coriacea, colore glauco carulcscentia, utrinque glandulis ma-
jusculis, pedicellatis, sparsis munita, subtus costd validd basi
valde dilatatd, hinc carinata, semuncialia ; juniora pracipue

supra

of the Class Composita. 239

supra lanigera : limbo recurvato-patulo, circumscriptione cor-
date, peripharid callosa rotundatd luteold marginalo, mucro-
nulo perbrevi corneo apiculato. Flores terminates, solitarii,
sessiles, foliis numerosis bracteati. Involucrum longitudine
vix nitre) semipollicare : squamis interioribus apice purpu-
rascentibus. Flosculi rosei. Pappus niveus.
Nomen a tvXos callus, et Xco/xa mar go ; ob folia ora callosa
cincta.

1. T. limbatum.

In Chili ad'Coquimbo. Caldcleugh. ©.

Trib. 5. Perdicete. Receptaculum epaleatum. Flosculi dif-
formes ; marginales foeminei : stigmatibus semicylindricis,
obtusis, saepius laevibus. Antherarum setis plerumque nu-
dis. Herbte perennes, acaules, scapis plerumque unifloris.

Chaptalia. Vent., Dec.

Perdicii sp., Thunb.

Tussilaginis sp., Mich.

Flosculi peripharice foeminei, ligulati, radiati ; disci masculi, bi-
labiati.

Involucrum campanulatum, multiplici serie imbricatum : squamis
lanceolatis, acutis, membranaceis, adpressis. Receptacu-
lum nudum. Flosculi in periphceriu plurimi, foeminei, sse-
pius duplici ordine digesti ; extimis elongatis, ligulatis,
radiatis (labio interiore nullo v. minimo); interioribus, dum
adsint, conformibus, sed multoties minoribus, ligulis line-
aribus integerrimis, labello interiore minimo bidenticulato;
disci masculi, tubulosi, bilabiati : labiis revolutis ; exteriort
tridentato ; interiore bipartito : segmentis lanceolatis, acu
minatis. Anthera appendicular ligulata obtusa coriacet

vol. xvi. 2 ! terminates

240 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

terminatae, basi longe biaristatae : aristis simplicibus, seta-
ceis. Stigma masculis inclusum, clavatum, bilobum ; foe-
mineis longe exsertum, bipartitum : segmentis brevibus se-
micylindricis, obtusis, recurvis, undique pruinosis. Achenia
elliptico-oblonga, ancipiti-compressa. Pappus pilosus, ful-
vellus, persistens : radiis duplici serie digestis, copiosis,
creberrime denticulatis.
Herbae (Amer. et Asiat.) acaules, perennes, niveo-lanata. Folia
simplicia, coriacea. Flores scepius albi.

* Flosculi fceminei duplici ordine dispositi, difformes, labello inte-
riore audi. Foliis inieserrimis.

"O"

1. C. oblonga, foliis petiolatis oblongis, involucris hirsutissimis.
Perdicium oblongum. Herb. R. et P.
In Peruvian alpibus prope Panao. Ruiz et Pavon. y. .

Herba caespitosa. Radix crassa, praemorsa, fibris numerosissi-
mis, aliis crassis, aliis capillaceis, instructa. Folia longe
petiolata, lanceolata, v. elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, cori-
acea, basi parum attenuata, margine angusto, revoluto,
denticulis semi-ovatis, obtusis, nudis, rerlexo-adpressis or-
nato ; supra leviter lanuginosa, demum nuda, costa latius-
cul&, nervis transversis venisque reticulatis instructa, sub-
rugosa ; subtiis lanfi intertexta, nive&, siccitate fulvescente,
dense vestita ; 2 — 5-uncialia, unciam v. sesquiunciam lata.
Petioli simplices, semiteretes, undique copiose lanati, 3 — 6-
unciales. Scapus solitarius, teres, validior quam in caeteris
sequentibus, uniflorus, undique lana copiosissimA. fulves-
cente instructus, squamis plurimis, praesertim apicem ver-
sus, lanceolatis, obtusiusculis, nudis, nitidis, coloratis mu-
nitus, pedalis v. ultra. Involucrum campanulato-patens,
polyphyllum, imbricatum : squamis lanceolatis, acutis, ad-

pressis,

of the Class Composites. 241

pressis, sanguineo-coloratis ; exterioribus \nnugmosis; intimis
elongatis, acuminatis, radiatis. Flosculi albi ; radii plurimi,
30 circiter, foeminei, duplici ordine dispositi, lineari-ligu-
lati ; extimis multoties majoribus, involucri squamis intimis
vix lono-ioribus, obtuse tridenticulatis, radium distinctum
constituentibus ; labio interiore minimo, bipartito : laciniis
anguste linearibus, obtusulis, ineequalibus, rectis ; disci mas-
culi, tubulosi, bilabiati ; labio exteriore ligulato, obtuse
3-dentato ; interiore bifido : laciniis lanceolato-linearibus,
obtusis. Anthera basi bisetee, appendicula lineari-ligu-
lata cartilaginea coronatoe. Stigma masculis inclusum bi-
lobum, clavatum ; foemineis exsertum, bifidum : lobis obtu-
sis, papilloso-pruinosis. Achenia elliptica, ancipiti-com-
pressa, glabra : disco epigyno dilatato, planiusculo. Pappus
capillaris, cinereo-fulvellus, denticulis scaber.

2. C. ovalis, foliis petiolatis ovalibus, involucris hirsutissimis.
Perdicium ovale. Herb. R. et P.

In Peruvia ad Huassahuassi et Churapallanam. Ruiz et
Pavon. 1/ .

Herba csespitosa. Radix compacta, fibris numerosissimis, lon-
gissimis, fuscis. Folia plura, radicalia, petiolata, ovalia v.
subrotundo-ovalia, coriacea, or& angustissima, recurvata,
denticulis ovatis, obtusis, nudis, adpresse reflexis, costa
media, valida, nervisque transversis atque venis prope
marginem anastomosantibus ; supra demum calva, viridia,
lucida ; subtus dense fulvo-lanata : basi transversa, v. atte-
nuate; 2 v. 2{ pollices longa, sesquiunciam lata. Petioli
semiteretes, simplices, sesquiunciales, undique fulvo-lanati.
Scapus dodrantalis, erectus, filiformis, uniflorus, undique
lan& fulva copiose vestitus, squamisque nonnullis lanceo-
latis, obtusis, membranaceis, nudis, adpressis munitus. Flos

2 i 2 nutans,

242 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

nutans, albus. Involucrum quadruplici circiter serie poly-
phyllum, campanulatum : squamis lanceolatis, mucronulatis,
adpressis, margine apiceque sanguineo-coloratis ; intimis
radiantibus. Flosculi radii plurimi, foeminei, duplici ordine
digesti (serie interiore plurimum minore) ; extimis 20 circiter
ligulatis, obtuse tridenticulatis ; labio interiore minuto, obtuse
bidentato ; disci masculi, bilabiati : labiis revolutis ; exteriore
ligulato, obtuse tridenticulato ; interiore bipartite : segmen-
ts lanceolatis, attenuatis. Antherce basi longe biaristatae,
appendicula ligulata, obtusa coronatae. Stigma masculis
inclusum clavatum, bilobum ; radiis bifidum : laciniis semi-
cylinclricis, obtusis, recurvis, pruinosis. Achenia elliptica,
compressa, glabra : disco epigyno dilatato. Pappus capil-
laris, denticulis scaber, fulvellus.

3. C. rotundifolia, foliis petiolatis subreniformibus, involucris
laevibus.
In staonatis altis frisidis Peruvire ad Pillao. Ruiz et Pa-

von. ij. .

Herba caespitosa, facie et magnitudine Tussilagini alpinee omnino
accedens. Radix praemorsa, fibris atro-fuscis, longis, crassis
instructa. Folia plurima, radicalia, petiolata, nunc sub-
rotunda basi integra, nunc cordata v. subreniformia, obtusa,
supra demum nuda, costa validiusculd, nervis oblique trans-
versis peragrata, hide reticulato-venosa, rugosa, subtiis lan&
nivea, siccitate fulva, copiose vestita, or& perangusta., re-
voluta, denticulisque plurimis, obtusis, nudis, rerlexo-ad-
pressis munita, unguicularia, v. nunc rarius pollicaria. Pe-
tioli filiformes, simplicissimi, lanati, sesqui- v. bi-pollicares.
Scopus altitudine maxime varians, nunc tripollicaris, nunc
dodrantalis, v. rarius fere pedalis. filiformis, solitarius,
unirlorus, gracilis, lana villosissim^ rufescente, squamis

pluribus,

of the Class Composita. 243

pluribus, lanceolatis, obtusulis, nudis, coloratis, adpressis
munitus. Flos magnitudine Tussitaginis pradictce, albus,
nutans, lnvolucrum polyphyllum, imbricatum, campanu-
latum : squamis lanceolatis, acutis, membranaceis, adpressis,
demum glabris, lucidulis, viridibus, rare sanguineo-colo-
ratis ; intimis longioribus, radiatis. Receptaculum nudum.
Flosculi radii duplici ordine digesti* fceminei, in serie exte-
riore 20 circiter, ligulati, radium distinctum constituentes,
obtuse tridenticulati : labio interiore minimo, bipartite :
laciniis acutis, lineari-angustissimis, imequalibus, rectis ;
interiore serie consimili, at plurimum minore, discum vix
superante ; disci tubulato-bilabiati, hermaphroditi, fauce
dilatati ; labio exteriore brevi, ligulato, obtuse tridentato ;
interiore bipartito : laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, acutiusculis,
revolutis. Ant her ce basi biseta3 : setis simplicibus : appen-
dicular lineari-ligulata, obtusa, subcoriacea. Stigma disci
flosculis bilobum, clavatum, papillosum ; radiis bifidum :
laciniis brevibus, semicylindricis, obtusis, pruinosis. Ache-
nia lineari-oblonga, compressa, glabra, apice angustata :
disco epigyno clilatato. Pappus capillaris, fulvellus, denti-
culis scaber.

** Flosculi marginales simplici ordine uniformes, fozminei, ligulati,
unilabiati ! Foliis sessilibus, pinnatifidis .

4. C. lyrata, foliis sessilibus lyratis ciliato-denticulatis.
Hieracium stipitatum. Herb. S. et M.
In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. ~u ■
Herba caespitosa. Radix crassa, fibris compluribus longissimis
instructa. Folia plurima, radicalia, sessilia, in orbem acta,
patentia, spathulata, lyrata, membranacea, supra demum
nuda, viridia, subtus dense niveo-tomentosa, margine undu-
lata, denticulisque setaceis copiose ornata, bi- v. tripolli-

caria,

244 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

caria, sesquipollicem lata : lobis abbreviates, rotundatis ;
terminali ample-, elliptico, mucronulato. Scapus solitarius,
gracilis, filiformis, lanuginosus, squamis paucissimis lineari-
bus acuminatis munitus. Flos minor, albus? nutans. Itwo-
lucrum 4-plici circiter serie polyphyllum, imbricatum : squa-
mis lineari-subulatis, dein glabratis. Receptaculum nudum.
Flosculi radii simplici ordine uniformes, ligulati, foeminei,
apice acutiusculo, integro ; labio interiore nullo ; disci copi-
osi, hermaphroditi, tubulato-bilabiati ; labio exteriore ligu-
lato, revoluto, obtuse tridentato ; interiore bipartito : laciniis
lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis, spiraliter revolutis. Antherce
basi longe biaristatse, appendicula lineari-angustA, obtusa
terminate. Stylus filiformis. Stigma masculis inclusum,
clavatum, bilobum ; radii sexsertum, bifidum : lobis brevi-
bus, obtusis, pruinosis. Achenia oblonga, compressa, pilis
brevissimis vestita. Pappus pilosus, fulvellus, denticulis
scaber.

*** Involucri squamis ellipticis, obtusis, disco brevioribus. Flosculi
marginales simplici ordine dispositi : labello bipartito, spirali.
Antherarum setis ramulosis. Stigmatis lobis brevibus. Foliis
petiolatis, integris. Eurytis.

5. C. heterophylla, foliis lanceolatis planis dentatis integerri-
misve, scapo esquamato, involucri squamis obtusis disco
brevioribus.
Onoseris heterophylla. Spreng. Syst. 3. p. 503 ?
In Monte Video. Sello. v .

Herba acaulis, lana adpressft nived obruta. Folia plurima, radi-
calia, erecto-patentia, petiolata, lanceolata, acutiuscula,
coriacea, margine obtuse dentata v. integerrima, costa
media valida, venis angulo acuto obliquis, plerumque

inconspicuis,

of the Class Composite. 245

inconspicuis, basi attenuata, utrinque plana, palmaria, vix
pollicem lata ; adultiora lana fugaci nudiuscula. Petioli
bipellicares, canaliculati, superne angusti, basi dilatati,
imbricati et villosi. Scapus erectus, filiformis, apice in
discum dilatatus, uniflorus, squamis omnino destitutus, spi-
thamaeus v. dodrantalis. Flos erectus, magnus, aureus.
Involucrum hemisphaericum, triplici ordine adpresse imbri-
catum : squamis ovatis, obtusis, coriaceis ; intimis oblongis,
disco duplo brevioribus ! quandoque extimis duabus elon-
gatis bracteas simulantibus. Flosculi radii plurimi (17 — 20),
fceminei, elongati, bilabiati, staminibus sterilibus ; labia ex-
teriore maximo, ligulato, tridentato, coriaceo, nervis secun-
dariis manifestis ; interiore bipartito : segmentis linearibus,
obtusis, spiraliter convolutis, primum margine conglutina-
tis ; disci masculi, tubulosi, tubo 5-angulo : Umbo bilabiato :
labiis subfequalibus ; exteriore obtuse tridentato, 4-nervio ;
interiore bipartito, segmentis linearibus, obtusiusculis, bi-
nerviis, apice revolutis. Filament a articulo inferiore mi-
nute papilloso. AntliercB appendicula ligulata acutiuscula
cartilagine^ coronatas, basi bisetosae : setis compressis, basi
ramulosis, vix phimosis. Stylus 5 -angulixs. Stigma bilobum :
lobis obtusis, brevissimis, pruinosis. Achenia ancipiti-com-
pressa, dense adpresse pilosa. Pappus capillaris, persistens,
cinereus : radiis denticulatis, scabris, duplici ordine digestis,
copiosissimis.

Besides the Chaplalia integrifolia, which wants the inner lobe
to the marginal florets, and consequently agrees in this respect
with my second section, Ferdicium piloselloides of Vahl and Fer-
dicium tomentosum of Flora Japonica belong also to this genus.
This latter species has all the characters of my second section ;
but C. integrifolia having the female flowers disposed in a double

series,

246 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

series, will constitute perhaps another section. The Chaptalia
maxima of the Prodromus Flora Nepalensis has been improperly
referred by me to this genus, being really a species of Perdicium,
as constituted by Lagasca and DeCandolle. The Chaptalia run-
cinata of M. Kunth having the centre florets with a regular five-
cleft limb appears to belong more properly to the following

oenus.

Onoseris. Dec.

Onoseridis sp., Willd., Kunth.

Atractylidis sp., L.

Flosculi periphcerice fceminei, radiati, bilabiati ; disci hermaphro-
diti, tubulosi : limbo regulari, 5-fido.

Involucrum hemispheericum, triplici ordine polyphyllum, imbri-
catum. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi radii fceminei, bi-
labiati, staminibus sterilibus ; labio exteriore maximo, ligu-
lato, tridentato ; interiore tenuissimo, saepius bipartite, spi-
raliter convoluto ; disci hermaphroditi, tubulosi : limbo re-
gulari, 5-fido : laciniis linearibus, obtusis, binerviis. Antherce
appendicular lineari-lanceolata cartilagine^ coronatae, basi
bisetosae. Stigma bilobum : lobis obtusis, pruinosis. Ache-
nia ancipiti-compressa, sericeo-villosa. Pappus capillaris,
persistens : radiis duplici ordine digestis, denticulato-sca-
bris.

Herbae acaules, lanatce. Scapo simplici v. diviso. Flores sapiiis
purpurei.

1.0. brevifolia, foliis subsessilibus ellipticis denticulatis scabris
venosissimis, flosculis radii labello interiore indiviso.
In Monte Video. Sello. 1/ .
Radix prfemorsa fibris compluribus praelongis instructa. Caudex
brevissimus, fulvo-villosissimus. Folia subsessilia, humo

adpressa,

of the Class Composite. 247

adpressa, elliptica, obtusa, margine copiose denticulata,
subcoriacea, reticulato-venosissima, rugosa, subti\s pilosa,
supra, punctis elevatis scabra, utrinque viridia, pollicaria
v. sesquipollicaria. Scapus rectissimus, filiformis, cubita-
lis, undique lanA adpressa nivefi obtectus, squamis paucis
brevissimis adpressis instructus. Flos erectus. Involucrum
hemisphaericum, triplici ordine polyphyllum, imbricatum :
squamis lanceolato-linearibus, setaceo-acuminatis, extiis la-
nuginosis ; intimis disco longioribus. lieceptaculum nudum,
scabriusculum. Flosculi lutei 1 radii plures, bilabiati, fcemi-
nei, singulo ordine dispositi, staminibus sterilibus, radium
distinctum constituentibus ; labio exteriore amplo, ligulato,
obtuse tridentato, '4-nervio ; interiore lineari-angustissimo,
obtuso, canaliculato, erecto, binervio ; disci copiosi, tubu-
losi, 5-fidi, hermaphroditi : segment is linearibus, obtusis,
erectis, binerviis. Filamenta gracilia, laevia. Antherce ap-
pendicula lineari-lanceolatd mucronata cartilaginea coro-
natas, basi bisetosai : setis ramulosis, subplumosis. Stigma
utriusque bilobum : lobis brevibus, adpressis, obtusissimis,
pruinosis. Achenia linearia, ancipiti-compressa, sericeo-
villosa. Pappus capillaris, persistens, sordide cinereus :
radiis duplici ordine copiosis, denticulato-scabris.

This genus, constituting an intermediate group between Chap-
talia and Leria, differs from the former in the regularity of the
limb of the florets of the disk, and from the latter in the female
florets of the circumference forming a distinct radius, and being
arranged generally in a single series. The Onoseris purpura t a of
Willdenow, and the hieracioides and speciosa of M. Kunth, are
clearly referable to the genus, and perhaps also the Chaptalia
r uncinate, ; but I doubt whether any of the other plants hitherto
included in it are really species of this genus.

vol. xvi. 2 k Leria.

248 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Leria. Dec.
Tussilaginis sp., L.

Flosculi disci masculi, tubulosi, 5-fidi ; marginales fceminei, fill—
formes : limbo abbreviate

Involucrmn hemisphoericum, triplici v. quaclruplici serie poly-
pliyllum, imbricatum : squamis linearibus, acuminatis, ad-
pressis, apice coloratis. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi
disci masculi, tubulosi, 5-fidi : laciniis sequalibus ; rnargi-
nales fceminei, multiplici ordine numerosissimi, tunc dif-
formes, extimis ligulatis, unilabiatis, inaequaliter tridentatis
vix radiantibus; nunc simplici ordine pauciores, caeterisque
filiformibus, superne gradatim coarctatis : limbo parvo, bila-
biato : labiis erectis, abbreviatissimis ; exteriore tridentato ;
interiore bipartite Antherce basi longe bisetae, appendicula
lineari-ligulata, subcoriacea terminata3. Stigma masculis
inclusum, clavatum, bilobum ; foemineis longe exsertum,
bipartitum : laciniis filiformibus, laevibus. Achenia fusifor-
mia, inferne compressa, 5-costata, apice attenuata. Pap-
pus tenuissime capillaris, nunc stipitatus : racliis inaequa-
libus, denticulatis.

Herba3 perennes, niveo-lanatce. Folia simplicia. Scapi unifiori.

1. L. nutans, foliis sessilibus sinuatis, flosculis foemineis diffor-

mibus, pappo stipitato.
Leria nutans. Dec. in Ann. Mus. 19- p. 68.
Tussilago nutans. Linn. Amain. Acad. 5. p. 406. Sp. PI.

p. 1213.
Dens leonis folio subtus incano, flore purpureo. Sloan. Hist. 1.

p. 255. t. 150. /. 2.
Aster primulas veris folio, flore singulari purpureo. Plum.

Sp. 14. t. 41. /. 1. (bona.)

In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. V- .

Herba

of the Class Composite. 249

Herba perennis, caespitosa, acaulis, dense niveo-lanata. Radix
praemorsa,fibris compluribus, longissimis (5— 6-uncialibus),
filiformibus, validis, radiculosis. Folia plurima, radicalia,
impetiolata, spathulata, nunc sinuata, nunc lyrata, margine
minutissime denticulata, membranacea, supra demum nuda,
viridia, subtus niveo-tomentosa, inferno angustata, 3—4-
pollicaria, nunc spithamaea, unciam v. 2 uncias lata ; lobo
terminali maximo, oblongo, obsolete mucronulato. Scapi
plures, filiformes, unirlori, undique copiose niveo-lanati,
palmares v. rarius dodrantales. Flos terminalis, solitarius,
nutans, roseus, diametro pollicem v. ultra adrequans. Invo-
lution hemisphaericum, polyphyllum : squamis linearibus,
acuminatis, quadruplici circiter serie imbricatis, apice colo-
ratis. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi centrales pauci, mas-
culi, tubulosi, superne vix dilatati, regulariter 5-fidi ; cceteris
fcemineis, numerosissimis, tenuissime filiformibus ; extimis
ligulatis, unilabiatis, inaequaliter tridentatis, involucro paulo
longioribus, subinde radiatis ; interioribus limbo parvo bila-
biatis: labiis abbreviatis, erectis; exteriore tridentato ; inte-
riore bipartito : laciniis linearibus, obtusis, erecto-patulis.
Anthera basi setis tenuissimis longis auctre, appendicular
lineari, obtus&coronatae. Stylus masculis inclusus : stigmate
clavato, bilobo, lobis abbreviatis crassis, obtusis, conniventi-
bus ; fcemineis longe exsertus : stigmate bipartito, segmentis
filiformibus, obtusis, recurvis, Iambus. Achenia fusiformia,
minute papillosa, basi compress^, 5-costata, apice in stipi-
tem filiformem prodeuntia. Pappus subinde stipitatus, tenu-
issime capillaceus,fulvellus : radiis inaequalibus, minutissime
denticulatis, triplici ordine digestis, copiosissimis.

2. L. spathulata, foliis petiolatis integris, flosculis masculis in-
definitis.

2 k 2 Cacalia

250 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Cacalia spathulata. Herb. S. et M.
In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. y .

Herba crespitosa. Folia plurima, radicalia, petiolata, lanceolato-
spathulata aut elliptico-oblonga, membranacea, denticu-
lata, supra demum calva, viridia, subtus niveo-lanata, mol-
lissima, 2 — 3-pollicaria, basi attenuata ; juniora margine
revoluta. Petioli lineares, plani, membranaceo-alati, pol-
licares v. bipollicares. Scapi cubitales, subsolitarii, filifor-
mes, uniflori, squamis destituti, undique lanuginosi. Flos
nutans. Involucrum polyphyllum : squamis triplici circiter
serie imbricatis, lanceolatis, acuminatis, coriaceis, lanugi-
nosis. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi disci copiosissimi,
masculi, tubulosi, 5-fidi, longitudine unguiculares, nervis
ad sinum divisis, fauce parum dilatata : laciniis lingulatis,
apice nervis marginalibus validis confluentibus incrassatis,
obtusis, nervis secundariis recurrentibus ad basin lacinia-
rum usque manifestis ! periphcerici foeminei, pauci, simplici
ordine digesti, uniformes, tenuissime filiformes, bilabiati,
non radiati, fauce coarctati: labiis minutis; interiore bifido,
laciniis linearibus, revolutis ; exteriore ligulam abbrevia-
tam, linearem, obtuse tridentatam constituente. Antherce
basi bisetae (setis inoequalibus cuspidatis) appendiculd line-
ari-ligulata, obtusa, cartilaginea coronatae. Stigma mas-
culis bilobum, lobis brevibus, crassis, obtusissimis, minute
papillosis ; foemineis longe exsertum, bipartitum : laciniis
semicylindricis, obtusis, laevibus, recurvis. Achenia fusi-
formia, compressa, pilosiuscula, apice tantum angustata :
disco cpigyno dilatato. Pappus capillaris, fulvellus, nee
stipitatus : radiis ingequalibus, minute denticulatis, duplici
ordine copiosissimis.

'I'his interestino; genus is also allied to the Inulece and Ci-

choracea.

of the Class Composita. 251

choracece. Its entire capital um may be compared with that of
Gnaphalium, and its soft stipitate pappus with that of Lactuca,
thus showing that the genus is to be regarded as constituting an
osculant group between the three families. The modification of
the apex of the achenium proves that the stipitate pappus is not
a character of generic importance in Leria.

Trib. 6. Diazeuxejj. Receptaculum subpaleatum. Flosculi
(raro dioici !) disci hermaphroditi, tubulosi, 5-clentati ; radii
ligulati, foeminei, nunc bilabiati. Antherarum setis nudis.
Flautce scepe fruticosa, capitulis plerumque solitaries, magnis,
pedunculatis.

Diazeuxis.

Atractylidis sp., L.

Onoseridis sp., Willd.

Flores dioici ! Receptacuhwi alveolatum.

Flores dioici ! Involucrum sphseroideum, multiplici serie imbri-
catum : squamis innumeris, lanceolatis, acuminatis, coria-
ceis, rigidis, adpressis. Receptacuhwi alveolatum : alveolis
margine laciniato-fimbriatis. Flosculi masculi creberrimi,
cylindrico-tubulati, 5-nervii, limbo 5-fidi : laciniis lineari-
bus, obtusis, canaliculatis, recurvato-patulis, nervis pro-
minentibus apice confluentibus, hinc margine apiceque
incrassatis : ligulis plurimis, accessoriis, patulis, substantia
coriaceis, obtuse trilobis, 6-nerviis (nervis per paria lacini-
arum discum occupantibus, paribus intermediis magis ap-
proximatis) nunc neutris unilabiatis, nunc pistillo (an sterili ?)
staminum rudimentis, labioque interiore simplici, angustis-
simo, canaliculato, obtuso, binervio, coriaceo, recurvato,
basi dilatato auctis ; fceminei copiosissimi, filiformes, 5-ner-
vii, coriacei, basi callosa, difformes ; centrales limbo oequali,

5-partito ;

252 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

5-partito ; marginales non radiantes, limbo irregulari, ob
laciniam quintam (interiorem) profundi's sejunctam, inde
quasi bilabiati : segmentis linearibus, obtusis, subsecundis,
canaliculatis, nervis prominulis, summo apice confluenti-
bus. Filamenta lineari-angustissima, compressa, glabra.
Anthera semi-exsertae, in tubum connatae, appendicular
lineari-lanceolatii, obtusa., coriacea, rigidfi, ipsa anther&
breviore coronatoe, basi longe biaristatae: aristis lineari-
bus, setaceo-acuminatis, canaliculatis, anthera longioribus,
aequalibus. Stylus filiformis, basi bulbosus. Stigma mas-
culis pentagonum ! obtusum, indivisum ; ligulis tereti-cla-
vatum, laeve, exsertum ; fcemineis bipartitum, exsertum :
lobis lineari-lingulatis, obtusis, pruinosis, persaspe spira-
liter convolutis. Achenia lineari-oblonga, compressa, gla-
berrima. Pappus masculis cinereus, caducus : racliis inas-
qualibus, paleaceo-setaceis, complanatis, longissimis, den-
ticulis spinulosis exasperatis, apice acuto, nunc subpeni-
cillato, infra medium flexuosis, simplici tantum ordine
digestis ; fcemineis capillaris, persistens, albus : radiis tri-
plici serie confertissimis, clenticulato-scabris, longioribus
basi latiore subpaleacea.

Frutices niveo-lanati. Folia alterna, petiolata, integra. Flores
terminates, plerumque solitarii, sessiles, magni, purpurei,
cernui.

Nomen a 8ia£ev£is separatio, et generi huic imposuit, ob flores
raros esse dioicos in hac familid.

This is without doubt the most remarkable genus of the whole
family. It is dioecious, and, in the structure of the capitula and
pappus of the male and female flowers, it differs as much as
Antennaria. The male capitula are very much smaller, and
besides the male florets of which they are composed, there is a
single series of ligulate florets, either with or without pistilla,

and

of the Class Composita. 253

and having imperfect stamina. The florets of the female capi-
tulum differ in the disposition of their lacinia: ; for in the central
ones the limb is regularly five-cleft, whereas in those of the cir-
cumference it is somewhat bilabiate, the inner segment being-
more deeply separated than the rest. The two sexes of this
plant might be readily mistaken for two distinct genera. The
Atractylis mexicana of Linnaeus I have ascertained to be the
male sex of a third species of this genus. Of this interesting
plant, for which I propose the name of Diazeuxis Mutisiana, I
have had an opportunity of examining the original sample in
the Linnsean herbarium.

1. D. trinervis, foliis lanceolatis acuminatis triplinerviis, floribus
solitariis.
Aster trinervis. Herb. R. et P.
In Guayaquil^ Peruvianorum. Tafalla. ^ .

Frutex erectus, ramosus, niveo-lanatus, sempervirens, omnium
speciosissimus. Rami teretes, striati, lanugine alb& fugaci
vestiti. Folia alterna, breviter petiolata, lanceolata, acu-
minata, margine denticulis plurimis acutis ornata, nunc
rard integerrima, 5-nervia, nervis lateralibus extimis fere
obsoletis, hinc quasi triplinervia, membranacea, basi ob-
tus4, supra denudata, laete viridia, et lucida, subtus lan&
implex^, copiosissim& nive&, demum fulvescenti, vestita,
3 — 5-pollicaria, pollicem v. sesquipollicem lata. Petioli
supra canaliculati, 2 — 3 lineas longi, basi paulo dilatati.
Flores terminales, solitarii, sessiles, nutantes, purpurei ;
faiminei magnitudine et facie fere Cnici centauroides, dia-
metro 2-pollicares ; masculi triplo minores. Castera omnino
ut in charactere generico.

2. D. ? ser-

254 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

2. D. 1 serrata, foliis ovato-lanceolatis acutis dentato-serratis
penninerviis, floribus glomeratis.
Carduus mitis. Herb. S. et M.
In Mexico. Sesse et Mocinno. \ .

Frutex erectus, ramosus. Rami sulcato-angulati, undique om-
nino albo-lanati. Folia alterna, brevissime petiolata, spitha-
ma3a, ovato-lanceolata, acuta, dentato-serrata, dentibus tri-
ano-ulari-ovatis, mucronatis,leviter antrorstim uncinatis,aliis
minimis interjectis, penninervia, nervis oblique transversis,
costaque media valida prominentibus, supra demum calva,
viridia, punctisque elevatis copiosissimis asperiuscula, sub-
tus lana alba dense implex^ copiosissime vestita, 5 — 7-
pollicaria, 2 — 3 uncias lata, basi acuta integerrima. Petioli
crassi, brevissimi, vix sesquilineam longi. Flores terminales,
plures (5—10), sessiles, glomerati. Involucra globosa, dense
lanata: squamis multiplici ordine lanceolatis, acuminatis,
rigidis, adpressis. Receptaculum planum, scrobiculatum,
angulis elevatis, acutis exasperatum. Flosculi perfecti non-
dum observati : pappo setaceo, scabro.

Having only seen specimens of this with the capitula in a very
young state, it has been placed here solely from the habit of the
plant itself and from the structure of its involucrum. What relates
to the florets still remains undetermined.

Centroclinium.

Receptaculum aculeatum. Flosculi disci tubulosi, hermaphroditi ;
radii ligulati, foeminei.

Involucrum subglobosum, multiplici ordine imbricatum : squamis
lanceolatis, acuminatis, coriaceis, adpressis. Receptaculum
aculeatum : aculeis subulatis, callosis, rigidis, brevibus, in
circulis plurimis dispositis. Flosculi disci hermaphroditi,

tubulosi,

of the Class Composite. 255

tubulosi, sequales, 5-dentati, latere interiore profundius fissi,
hinc limbus perinde obliquus : segmentis lanceolato-linea-
ribus, obtusis, erectis, nervis primariis validis, apice con-
fluentibus, inde incrassatis ; radii fceminei, plures (10 — 14),
rudimentis staminum omnino destituti, bilabiati ; labio ex-
teriore (ligula) longissimo, obtuse trilobato, coriaceo, subtus
lanato, 6*-nervio, nervis per paria utriusque lobi discum oc-
cupantibus, strictis, parallelis, apice contiuentibus; interiore
profundi bipartito, membranaceo, spiraliter revoluto : seg-
mentis lineari-filamentosis, margine primiim conglutinatis.
Filamenta glandulosa. Antherce basi aristis 2 longis, atte-
nuatis, munitae, appendicula lanceolato-lineari, acuta, co-
riacea, rigida- coronata3. Stylus filiformis, basi depresso-
bulbosus. Stigma hermaphroditis bilobum : lobis lingulatis,
minute papillosis ; fcemineis tereti-clavatum (lobis primo
arete applicatis), pruinosum. Achenia pentagona, demum
glabrata. Pappus fuscescens, basi fulvus ; radiis exterio-
ribus brevibus, pilosis ; interioribus duplici serie longis-
simis, setaceis, superne dilatato-complanatis, denticulatis,
deciduis.

Frutex ramps issimus, sempervirens, candidissimus. Rami teretes.
Folia alterna, petiolata, lanceolata, acuminata, dentata, cori-
acca, pennincrvia, nervis oblique transversis, supra demum
nuda, viridia, polita, subtus copiose ut et rami niveo-tomentosa,
mollissima, basi cuneata, integerrima, sesqui- v. nunc fere tri-
pollicaria, unciam, aid et dimidium ad medium lata. Petioli
semicylindrici, 2 v. 3 lineas longitudine cequantes. Flores
purpurei? solitarii, longe pedunculati. Pedunculus cylindri-
cus, primo quasi terminalis, sed prodeunte ramulo revera late-
ralis, 5 — 10-uncialis. Radius pollicaris.

Nomen a Kevrpov stimulus, et kXlvt) lectus, et ab ipso recepta-
vol. xvi. 2l culum

256 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

culum spinulosum, hujus stirpis optimum characterem con-

stituens, clesignare volui.
The Onoseris salicifolia of M. Kunth may possibly belong to
this genus ; but not having had an opportunity of examining a
sample of it, I am unable to determine this point at present. It
cannot belong to Onoseris, which has the habit of the Perdicece,
and with which tribe the genus must be associated.

l.C. albicans.

Hieracium albicans. Herb. R. et P.
In Peruvia. Ruiz et Pavon. f? .

ClIiETACHLiENA.

Receptaculum favosum. Flosculi disci hermaphroditi, tubulosi,
5-dentati ; radii foeminei, ligulati.

Involucrum semiglobosum, polyphyllum : squamis numerosis-
simis, quadruplici circiter serie imbricatis, lanceolatis, in
setam longam, recurvato-patentem prodeuntibus. Recep-
taculum favosum, dentato-scabrum. Flosculi radii plures,
foeminei, ligulati, unilabiati, trilobati, 6-nervii (nervis per
pariadiscum laciniarum occupantibus) foeminei? staminum
rudimentis ; disci hermaphroditi, tubulosi, o-dentati, tubo
infra medium angustiore, fauce cylindrical, latere exteriore
profundius fissi : nervis 5 primariis ad laciniarum sinus di-
visis : dentibus linearibus, obtusis. Antherce appendiculA
lineari-lanceolata, acutiuscula, coriacea coronatre, basi setis
2, longis, tenuissimis, simplicibus munitae. Stigma herma-
phroditis inclusum, emarginatum, obtusum ; fcemineis ex-
sertum, magnum, indivisum, clavatum, pruinosum. Achcnia
cuneato-oblonga, pilosiuscula. Pappi radiis persistentibus,
triplici ordine digestis, copiosis ; interioribus compressis, ri-

gidis, serrulatis ; extimis brevissimis, pilosis.

Herba

of the Class Composite. 257

Herba annua, niveo-lanata, facie Cryptostemmatis calendulacei.
Radix longissi?na, descendens, fulvel/a, fibvis plurimis, capil-
laceis munita. Caules plures, procumbentes, simplices v. di-
visi, palmares aut spitkamcei. Folia alterna, petiolata, ovata,
mucronata, sinuato-dentata, nunc subhjrata, dentibus inaqua-
libus, mucronatis, distantibus, membranacea, maximi fragilia,
triplincrvia, subtiis densiiis lanata, mollisslma, pollicaria v. ses-
quipollicaria, semunciam v. unciam latitudine aquantia ; ra-
dicalia longius petiolata. Flores solitarii, longe pedunculati,
pirfcherrimi, odorati ; diametro sesqui-unciales. Pedunculi
fliformes, uniffori, assurgentes, nunc ex ipsd radice ortum
ducentes, stricti, palmares v. spitkamcei, lanuginosi, squamuld
unicd setaccd muniti. Radius atropurpureus, vix semuncialis.
Discus pallidior. Pappus cinereo-fulvellus.

Nomen a xaiTV seta, et x^a^a involucrum.

1. C. odorata.

Leysera odorata. Herb. R. et P.

In Guayaquila Peruvianorum. Tafalla. Q.

Chcetachlcena is intimately allied to the preceding genus ; the
structure of the florets and pappus proves this most satisfactorily ;
and the elongated almost cirrhose points of the scales of the
involucrum compared with the tendrils of the leaves of Mutisia,
as well as the woolly habit of the plant, and the general resem-
blance of the flower, appear to me to indicate considerable
affinity to that genus. The leaves of this genus and of Mutisia
lanata are extremely fragile in the dried state.

EUTHHIXIA.

Receptacidum scrobiculatum. Flosculi disci hermaphroditi, tu-

bulosi, 5-dentati ; radii fceminei, bilabiati.
Involucrum campanulatum, polyphyllum, basi attenuatum : squa-

2 l2 mis

258 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

mis quadruplici circiter ordine imbricatis, obtusis, membra-
naceis, margine scariosis. Receptacnhim depressum, scro-
biculatum. Flosculi disci numerosi, hermaphroditi, tubulosi,
basi angustati : limbo obtuse 5-dentato, subaequali ; dentibus
2 exterioribus majoribus, profundiusque sejunctis : no-vis
primariis ad sinum laciniarum bifidis, ramis marginalibus :
radii plures, foeminei, bilabiati, staminibus sterilibus ; labio
exteriore ligulato, elliptico-oblongo, 4-nervio (nervis extimis
longe intramarginalibus) apice obtuse tridentato ; interiore
lineari-angustissimo, recto, acute bidentato. Anthem ap-
pendiculd lineari-lanceolata acuta, cartilagineo-membrana-
cea coronatae, basi setis 2, longis tenuissimis, puberulis ips4
anthera longioribus munitoe. Stigma clavatum, bilobum :
lobis obtusis, conniventibus, minute papillosis. Achenia
lineari-oblonga, compressa, punctis elevatis, crystallinis
copiose ornata : disco epigyno parum dilatato, concavo.
Pappus pilosus, persistens : radiis simplici ordine contiguis,
asqualibus, tenuissime denticulatis.

Herba erecta, ramosa, tenella, fragilis, palmaris v. spithamcea, om-
?ii?io glaberrima, radice Jibrosd, annua. Rami elongati, erecto-
patentes, filiformes, purpurascentes, nitiduii, virgati, rigidius-
culi, foliosi. Folia alterna, sessilia, lineari-subulata, mucro-
nulata, subcarnosa, glabra, subtus convexa, suprd, concava,
margine glandulosa, basi adpressd remanenti, semuncialia v.
parum ultra ; superiora sensim breviora, et infoliolis involucri
abeuntia, nunc raro semipollicem longa. Flores terminates,
pro ratione plantce magni, solitarii, v. pauci laxe. cori/mbosi,
sessiles. Involucrum semipollicare, omnino lave : squamis
scarioso-membranaceis, nitidis, nunc purpurascentibus. Flos-
culi aurei. Pappus niveus.

Nomen ab ev bene, et Qpi^ capillus (i. e. bene comatus), et ad
pappum refert.

1. E. sal-

of the Class Composite. 259

1. E. salsoloides.

In Chili. Ruiz et Pavon. q.

The naked receptacle, the rays of the pappus disposed in a
simple series, and the habit of the plant itself, readily distinguish
this genus from the rest of this group.

Trib. 7. Mutisex. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi ditformes :
disci tripartito-bilabiati. Antherarum aristis subplumosis.
Stigmata obtusa, pruinosa, partim connata. Frutices scepe
scandentes, folds apice cirrhosis !

Mutisia, L.

Involucrum polyphyllum, multiplici serie imbricatum : squamis

latis, integerrimis. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi radii

fcsminei, ligulati : ligula ampla, multinervia (nervis 10 v.

15 parallelis, nunc superne dichotomis, extimis longe intra-

marginalibus), apice tridentata, fauce saspe ad interius den-

tibus (labello interiore) accessoriis lineari-setaceis munita ;

disci masculi : tubo 10-nervio: limbo alte tripartito-bilabiato;

labio interiore bipartito, revoluto, segmentis binerviis ; ex-

teriore multo majore, ligulato, 8-nervio (nervis alternis se-

cundariis prope apicem omnino obliteratis) obtuse triden-

ticulato. Anthera omnino exsertae, in tubum connatae,

appendicula longissim^, lineari-ligulata, obtus^i, coriaced

terminate, basi biaristatae : aristis prselongis, pubescenti-

bus, subplumosis. Stylus basi callosus Stigma bilobum :

lobis obtusis, pruinosis. Achenia linearia, compresso-qua-

drangula, glabra : disco epigyno parum dilatato. Pappus

deciduus : radiis validis, compressiusculis, filamentoso-plu-

mosis, simplici ordine copiosis, contiguis : villis mollissimis,

caducis.

Frutices

260 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Frutices (Amer. Austr.) scatide?ites, Vicias facie cemnlantes. Folia
alterna, pinnata v. simplicia, apice cirrho (foliolis abortivis
aid costce elongatione) pinnate partito v. simplici, spirali in-
structa ! Flores solitarii, magni, speciosi, purpurei v. lutei.

The presence or absence of the labellum in the rays is evi-
dently a character of no importance in this genus. Its muta-
bility even in species otherwise intimately allied, shows that it
cannot be employed with advantage as a sectional distinction ;
and in those species where it is less developed, I hardly think it
of specific importance. The younger Linnaeus in his description
of Mutisia Clematis appears to have mistaken the two lobes of
the labellum for the rudiments of stamina. Humboldt and Bon-
pland have represented and described their Mutisia grandiflora
(PI. Eq. i. t. 50.) as having the florets of the disk tubular, and
equally five-toothed. This is clearly an error, for the origin of
which it is difficult to account, as we know of no species with a
similar structure ; and indeed this character, if really present,
would alone be sufficient to justify its removal from Mutisia : but
its evident affinity to M. Clematis, which would also have led us
to expect the presence of an interior labellum in the rays, in-
duces us to reject this opinion, and to regard the description and
figure in the Plantes Equinoxiales as erroneous in these respects.
I am not satisfied that this is really distinct from M. Clematis of
the Supplementum Plantarum, as the sample of the latter pre-
served in the Linnaean herbarium appears to approach very near
to it, even as regards the size of the flower, which is erroneously
compared by the younger Linnaeus to the Dianthus caryophyllus.
They both agree in having the leaflets on distinct footstalks,
which the plant of Cavanilles appears to want entirely. This
last being from Peru, may prove to be a distinct species. The
most remarkable character in Mutisia is the number of vessels

in

of the Class Composite. 261

in the corolla, which are from 10 to 15 in the florets of the circum-
ference, and 10 in those of the disk. These vessels are generally
of the same thickness, and all originate from the base ; but in
the exterior lip of the centre florets, where they are eight in
number, the alternate ones are more slender, and disappear
before they reach the apex of the laciniae. The number of
vessels is uniform in the nine species here enumerated, and
there is every probability of its being general throughout the
rest of the genus. This character and the pubescent seta? of
the antherae show an intimate affinity between Mutisia and
Bichenia, before described.

* Foliis pinnatis.

1. M. lanata, niveo-lanata; foliis 7-jugis, involucris subrotundis:

squamis appendiculatis cirrhosis, radiis copiosis bilabiatis,

caule alato.
Mutisia lanata. Ruiz et Pavon Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. et Chil.

p. 192. Gen. PL t. 23.
In Peruvire nemoribus prope Muna vicum in Pozuzo via.

Ruiz et Pavon. ij .

Planta fruticosa, scandens, copiose niveo-lanata. Caules angu-
lati, plerumque 4-anguli, alati : alis foliaceis, retrorsum
dentatis, dentibus triangulari-lanceolatis, acutis. Folia al-
terna, sessilia, pinnata, palmaria v. spithama;a : rachis sub-
tus convexa, supra canaliculata, margine alata, basi dila-
tata : pintiis 6 — 7-jugis, lanceolatis, obtusiusculis, integer-
rimis, planis, subtus dense lanatis, supra hinc nudiusculis,
nunc (praesertim in junioribus) lanatis, basi lat& decurren-
tibus, 2 v. 2i-pollicaribus, semunciam v. ultra latis ; imis
2 stipulas mentientibus, caulem amplexantibus. Cirrhi (fo-
liola abortiva) pinnate partiti : segment is (3 — 5) filiformi-

compressis,

262 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

compressis, obtusis, spiraliter revolutis. Flores terminales,
solitarii, magni, omnium formosissimi, pedunculati, dia-
metro fere 3 pollices adaequantes. Pedunculi spithamaei,
cylindrici, penna corvina parum crassiores, apicem versus
foliolis simplicibus cirrhosis muniti. Involucrum amplum,
subrotundum, truncatum, longitudine et latitudine 2 uncias
adaequans : squamis ellipticis, adpressis, latissimis, membra-
naceis, appendice (praesertim in exterioribus) sa?pe pollicari,
lanceolate, longissime subulato-acuminata, apice obtusa,
cirrhosa, revolutA auctis ! hinc squamae involucri, ut om-
nibus appareant, tantum folia sunt mutata. Receptacu-
lum planum, nudum. Flosculi radii plurimi (18 — 20) atro-
sanguinei, foeminei, staminum rudimentis, bilabiati ; la bio
exteriore ligulam amplam, bipollicarem, 3 lineas latam,
subtvis lanatam, obtuse tridentatam, dependenti-patulam
constituente ; interiore profunde bipartito : laciniis setaceis,
apice bidentatis ! revolutis ; disci creberrimi, hermaphro-
diti, tubulati, tripartito-bilabiati : labiis revolutis; exteriore
lineari-ligulato, obtuse tridentato ; interiore bipartito : laci-
niis linearibus, obtusis: nervis primariis validis. Filamenta
anguste linearia, complanata, glabra, libera. Antherce in
tubum connatae, nervo manifestissimo instructae, basi bi-
aristatee : aristis unguicularibus, inferne attenuatis, basi
ramulosis, subplumosis : appendiculd lineari-ligulata, ob-
tusa, cartilaginea, ipsa antherd dimidio longiori. Stylus
filiformis, laevis, basi incrassato-clavatus. Stig??ia bilo-
bum : lobis brevibus, crassis, obtusissimis, pruinosis. Aclie-
m'aradiis tetragona; disco oblongo-compressa, glabra. Po/j-
pus fuliginoso-cinereus, sesquipollicaris, mollissimus : radiis
valde phimosis, ima basi connatis, ramulis demum deciduis,
tunc simplicibus.

2. M.

Vi-

of the Class Compositce. 263

2. M.vicicefolia, glabriuscula ; foliolis 12-jugis, involucro cylin-
drico : squamis inappendtculatis, radiis paucis unilabiatis,
caule tereti.

Mutisia vicisefolia. Cav. Ic. 5.p.62.t. 490. Willd. Sp. PL 3.
p. 2069. Lam. lllustr. 6. t. 6[)0. f. 2.

In Chili prope Valparaiso. Ludovicus Nee, Ruiz et Pavon. h .

Planta fruticosa, scandens, Viciis quibusdam facie fere similis.
Caules teretes, rubri, striati, tenuissime pubescentes. Folia
alterna, sessilia, pinnata, 3 — 4-uncialia : rachi teretiuscula,
pubescenti, margine superiore anguste alata : foliolis plu-
rimis (10 — 13-jugis) ellipticis lanceolatisve, acuminatis,
inaequilateris, glabris, semunciam v. nunc fere pollicem
longis. Cirrhi pinnate partiti : laciniis 3 — 5, subulatis, ob-
tusiusculis, revolutis, semuncialibus. Flores in dichotomiis
solitarii, longe pedunculati. Pedunculi cylindrici, striati,
minute pubescentes, 3 — 5-unciales, apice incrassati. Invo-
lucrum tubulato-cylindricum, la3ve, bipollicare : squamis la-
tissimis, integerrimis, laevissimis, adpressis, nudis, nee ap-
pendiculatis ; extimis brevissimis, ovatis, acutis ; interioribus
oblongis, mucronulatis ; nunc in juventute lanigeris. Re-
ceptaculum nudum. Flosculi radii pauci (6 — 8), fceminei,
atropurpurei, unilabiati, ligula oblonga, patenti, obtuse tri-
denticulata, subtus glabra, involucro duplo breviore, rudi-
mentis staminum nullis ; disci hermaphroditi, pallidiores,
plures (16 — 17), tubulosi, tripartito-bilabiati : labiis erectis ;
exterior e trifido, lobis lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis ; inter iore
bipartito, laciniis linearibus, obtusiusculis : nervis primariis
validis. Anther ce biunciales, appendicula lineari, acumi-
nata, unguiculari coronatae, basi longe biaristata? : aristis
complanatis, inferne capillaceo-attenuatis. Stigma radiis
bifidum, segmentis linearibus, acutis, pruinosis ; disco bi-

vol. xvi. 2 m lobum,

264 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

lobum, lobis obtusiusculis, minute papillosis. Achenia ra-
diis quadrangula, glabra ; disco compressa, laevia. Pappus
fulvellus, mollissimus, plumosus.

3. M. acuminata, glabra; foliolis multijugis, involucro pyrami-

dali lanuginoso; squamis exterioribus ovatis reflexis, caule

teretiusculo.
Mutisia acuminata. Ruiz et Pavon Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. et

Chi!, i. p. 192.
In praeruptis, collibus et sepibus Tarmae et Haurocheri ubi-

que. Ruiz. ^ .

Pla?ita frutescens, 6-pedalis. Caulis scandens, ramosissimus,
glaber, fragilis, tereti-angulatus. Folia alterna, pinnata,
cirrho furcato terminata : foliola lanceolata, acuminata,
integerrima, glabra, sessilia : extima minora, subacinaci-
formia, leviter decurrentia. Pedunculi terminates, foliosi,
uniflori, folio oppositi. Calyx pyramidalis, ovato-oblongus,
imbricatus, lanuginosus, extus coloratus : squamis 24, con-
cavis ; exterioribus ovatis, reflexis ; interioribus lanceolato-
cuneiformibus. Corollula plures in disco hermaphroditae,
flammeas ; faiminece septem in radio, aurea; v. tlavae. Pappus
plumosus. Ruiz Mss.

Obs. Vulg6 Chinchinculma nuncupatur. Floret Maio et Julio.
Ruiz Mss.

There being no specimen of this species in the Herbarium of
Ruiz and Pavon, and as the plant has been only known by the
short specific character contained in the work above-quoted, I
have thought that the above description, derived from the ma-
nuscripts of Ruiz, might not prove unacceptable to my botanical
readers.

4. M. arachnoidea, lanigera ; foliolis subseptemjugis, involucri

squamis

of the Class Compositce. 265

squamis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, radiis copiosis bi-

labiatis : ligulis linearibus revolutis.
Mutisia arachnoidea. Mart. Mss.
M. speciosa. Bot. Mag. t. 2705.
In Brasilia ad Rio de Janeiro. Martins, f? .

Planta suffruticosa, ramosissima, scandens, lana cinerea, copios&,
fugaci, arachnoidefi vestita, quandoque omnino laeviuscula
evadit. Caulis 5-gonus. Folia alterna, sessilia, pinnata, pal-
maria, patentissima : pinnce alternae, 12 — 14, elliptico-ob-
longae, obsolete mucronulatre, integerrima, membranacea?,
basi angustatci substipitatae, posticibus soepius rotundatis,
nee attenuatis, pollicem v. sesquipollicem longae,6 — 8 lineas
latae : rachis simplicissima, purpurascens, supra planiuscula,
canaliculata, subtus carinata, apice in cirrhum pinnate par-
titum, cujus lacinise filiformes spiraliter contorts, prodeunte.
Flores terminales, solitarii, pedunculati. Pedwiculi erecti,
teretiusculi, inde planiusculi, spithaina?i. Involucrum oblon-
gum, cylindricum, imbricatum, apice paululum coarctatum :
squamis ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, membranaceis, extus
prsesertim ad oram lanuginosis, nunc omnino glabris ; exte-
rioribus patentibus, basi tantum adpressis ; intimis oblongis,
conniventibus, apice rotundatis, mucronulatis, margine la-
nuginosis. Reeeptaculum nudum. Flosculi radii bilabiati,
rubri, plurimi (15 — 20) foeminei, staminibus sterilibus, tubo
compressiusculo longitudine involucri : liguM lineari, tri-
dentata, revolutA, involucro triplo breviore, quandoque bi-
partite ; labio inter lore paulo breviore, pallido, bipartito,
laciniis lineari-angustissimis, spiraliter revolutis, primum
margine conglutinatis ; disci hermaphroditi, albi, tubulosi,
bilabiati : labiis revolutis ; exteriore ligulato, tridentato, 4-
nervio ; interiore bipartito, laciniis linearibus obtusis, bi-
nerviis. Filamenta linearia, compressa, minutissime glan-

2 m 2 dulosa.

266 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

dulosa. Anthcrce in tubum pentagonum coalita?, appendi-
cular lineari, obtusa terminatae, basi bisetosee : set is longis,
basi ramulosis. Stylus filiformis, glaber, basi incrassatus.
Stigma bilobum : lobis brevissimis, obtusis, papillosis, par-
tial connatis. Achenia compressiuscula, disco parum con-
cava, non dilatata, glabra. Pappi radiis copiosis, contiguis,
phimosis, cinereo-fulvellis, mollissimis.

The appellation of speciosa being so truly inapplicable to this
species, I have preferred the unpublished one given to it by
Dr. Martius. The plant was imported into this country from
some continental nursery, where the name of speciosa no doubt
originated.

** Foliis pinna tifid is, basi decurrentibus.

5. M. retrorsa, niveo-lanata ; foliis runcinatis, caule tereti.

Mutisia retrorsa. Cav. Ic. 5. p. 65. t. 498.

M. runcinata. Willd. Sp. PL 3. p. 2069- Hook. Bot. Misc. 1.
p. 8. /. 5.

In Chili (Ruiz et Pavon) ; ad Fretum Magelianicum. Ludo-
vicus Nee et P. P. King. ^ •
Planta suffruticosa, sesqui- v. bipedalis. Caulis scandens, cylin-
dricus, flexuosus, undique lana fugaci nivea copiose obrutus,
demum nudus. Folia alterna, basi decurrenti edentula, lan-
ceolata, acuminata, runcinata, coriacea, margine revoluta,
subtOis dense niveo-lanata, costi prominenti, supra minus
copiose lanata, et tandem denudata, perlucida, uncialia v.
sesquiuncialia, 10 lineas v. paulo ultra lata : lobis triangulari-
ovatis, spinoso-mucronatis. Cirrhi simplicissimi, nunc bi-
partiti, compresso-filiformes, obtusiusculi, revoluti, glabri,
vix unciales. Flores terminales, solitarii, subsessiles. Iit-
volucrum unciale, cylindricum : squamis subrotundo-ovali-
bus, adpressis ; exterioribus appendice lanceolata, spinoso-

mucronata,

of the Class Composite. 267

mucronata, ips& squama breviore, patula ; intimis mucro-
nulatis, margine lanuginosis. Receptaculum nudum. Floscti/i
lutei! radii plures (8—14) foeminei, bilabiati, staminibus
sterilibus ; labio eateriore amplo, ligulato, obtuse tridenti-
culato, patulo ; interiore bipartito, laciniis linearibus, revo-
lutis ; disci tubulato-bilabiati ; labio exteriore trifido ; inte-
riore angustiore, bipartito ; utroque revoluto. Anthem basi
setis 2, attenuatis, simplicibus, longis aristatre, appendicula
lineari, apice intiexa, cartilaginea, interims carinata coro-
natee. Stylus teres, validus. Stigma bilobum : lobis bre-
vissimis, crassis, obtusis, conniventibus, pruinosis. Pappus
plumosus, cinereus, mollissimus.

6. M. sinuata, nudiuscula ; foliis pinnatifidis basi attenuatis,
caule alato.
Mutisia sinuata. Cav. Ic. 5. p. 66. t. 499. Willd. Sp. PI. 3.

p. 2070.
In Chili. Ruiz ct Pavon. t? .

Caulis suftruticosus, scandens, flexuosus, alatus: alts dentatis, in-
terruptis, quod basin versus attenuatis, ibique obliteratis,
nee continuatis. Folia alterna, linearia, pinnatifida, dentata
v. grosse serrata, margine revoluta, basi attenuata, decur-
rentia, subcoriacea, utrinque nunc leviter lanuginosa, tunc
(praecipue in f«/uft/o/v7ws)glabriuscula,pollicariav.paul6 ul-
tra: lobis ovatis, mucronatis, retrorsis v. saepius porrecto-pa-
tulis. Cirrhi simplices, subulati, corneo-mucronati, folio di-
midio breviores, recurvati, vix revoluti. Flores terminates,
solitarii, sessiles. Involucrum cylindricum, vix longitudine
unciale : squamis subrotundis, adpressis, laevissimis, mar-
gine tantum lanuginosis ; exterioribus appendice lanceolata,
acuminata, stricta, glabra auctis. Flosculi purpurei ? radii
8, foeminei, ligulati, unilabiati, staminum rudimentis ; disci

plures

268 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

plures (15) tubulato-bilabiati, hermaphroditi ; labio exteriore
ligulato, triclentato ; interiore bipartito, revoluto. Anthera
basi longe bisetae, appendicula lineari cartilaginect coro-
natae. Stigma bilobum, pruinosum. Pappus cinereus, valde
plumosus, mollissimus.

*** Foliis ample xicaulibus, tantiim dentatis.

7. M. ilicifolia, foliis cordato-oblongis spinuloso-serratis veno-
sissimis, caule teretiusculo.

Mutisia ilicifolia. Cav. Ic. 5. p. 63. t. 493. Willd. Sp. PL 3.
p. 2069. Hook. Bot. Misc. 1. p. 7. t. 4.

M. spinosa. Ruiz et Pavon Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i.
p. 193.

In Chili copiose ad Arauco arcein supra Colocolo montem in-
tra fossas (Ruiz et Pavon) ; in summis montibus Chilensibus
Cordillera del Planchon dictis, et ad Cucha-Cucha. Ludo-
vicus Nee. Caldcleugh. ^ .

Planta suffruticosa, scandens, nunc lana fugacissima leviter or-
nata, tunc glaberrima, glauca. Caulis tripedalis v. ultra,
teretiusculus, foliosus. Rami angulati, in plantis adhuc te-
neris alati. Folia alterna, amplexicaulia, conferta, subim-
bricata, cordato-oblonga, argute aequaliterque dentato-ser-
rata (dentibus spinuld rigicld brevissim^l terminatis) undu-
lata, coriacea, reticulatim venosissima, apice truncata, costa
valida basi dilatata, apice in cirrho simplici, filiformi, mu-
cronulato, spiraliter revoluto products, pollicem v. sesqui-
pollicem longa, 8 — 10 lineas lata. Flos terminalis, solitarius,
brevissime pedunculatus. Pedunculus squamis aliquot cor-
datis, coriaceis, denticulatis, apice recurvis munitus. Invo-
lucrum oblongum, unciale : squamis exterioribus appendice
o vato-lanceolata, acuminata, reflexo-patenti, coriacea auctis ;
interioribus latissimis, adpressis, subrotundis, coriaceis, mu-

cronulo

of the Class Composita. 269

cronulo recurvo, lanuginoso. Flosculi radii foeminei, plures
(8 — 10) bilabiati, intits albi, extus purpurei ; labio exteriore
elliptico-oblongo, apice tridenticulato, subtus bicarinato ;
interiore brevissimo, bidentato, nunc simplici v. obsoleto ;
staminibus sterilibus; disci plurimi (20 — 30) hermaphroditi,
tubuloso-bilabiati : labiis revolutis. Anthercc basi longe bi-
sette, appendicula lineari obtusiuscula coronata?. Stigma
bifidum : lobis recurvatis, apice paulo incrassatis, minute
papillosis. Pappus albus, mollissimus, plumosus.

8. M. truncata, foliis cordato-oblongis truncatis basi apiceque
spinoso-dentatis undulatis subaveniis, caule angulato.
In Chili. Caldcleugh. »? .

Planta suftruticosa, scandens, ramosissima, glabra. Caulis an-
gulatus. Folia remote alterna, sessilia, amplexicaulia, e basi
cordatA oblonga, lobis posticis truncatis, spinoso-dentatis,
conniventibus, apice truncata, emarginata, dentibusque 2,
spinosis, subremotis utrinque ornata, marginibus strictis,
integerrimis ; subcoriacea, rigida, utrinque glabra, glauco-
viridia, sesqui- v. bipollicaria, vix unciam lata, venis vix
manifestis, costa utrinque prominulA. laevi, in cirrhum lon-
gissimum (3 — 4-uncialem) filiformem, la3vissimum, apice
complanatum, spiraliter revolutum prodeunte. Flores ter-
minales et alares solitarii, pedunculati. Fedunculi filifor-
mes, unciales, glabri. Involucrum cylindricum, pedunculi
longitudine : squamis subrotundis ovalibusve, adpressis, mar-
gine membranaceis ; extimis appendice lanceolata, acuta, co-
riace^, patentissim^ auctis ; interioribus apice obsolete mu-
cronulatis et lanugine parcissima barbatis. Receptaculum
nudum. Flosculi radii 8 circiter, purpurei, ligulati, foeminei,
involucro longitudine aequales, obtus^ tridentati, labello in-
teriore obsoleto v. bidenticulato ; disci hermaphroditi, tubu-

lato-

270 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

lato-bilabiati ; labio exteriore tridentato ; interiore bipartito :

laciniis linearibus, acutis, revolutis. Antherce basi bisetse

(setis longis basi ramosis) appendiculd lineari, anthera ipsa

paulo longiori, apice conniventi, obtusiuscula terminatae.

Stigma bilobum : lobis lingulatis, obtusis, pruinosis, srepe

facie interiore applicatis. Pappus valde plumosus, mollis-

simus, cinereus.

For the opportunity of adding this truly distinct species to

the genus Mutisia I am indebted to Mr. Caldcleugh, by whom

specimens of it as well as of the preceding were transmitted to

Mr. Lambert.

9. M. lalifolia, foliis basi decurrentibus cordato-ovalibus spi-
noso-dentatis integerrimisve subtus lanatis, radiis copiosis,
caule alato.
In Chili ad Valparaiso. D. Bridges. hc .

Caalis fruticosus, ramosus, scandens, alatus. Rami alati, foliosi :
alts 3, latis, foliaceis, dentatis. Folia conferta, amplexi-
caulia, cordato-ovalia, coriacea, apice rotundata et emar-
ginata, aut omnino truncata, margine dentato-serrata, un-
dulata, dentibus spinoso-mucronatis, utrinque lana. fugaci
vestita, supra demi\m nuda, viridia, venis siccitate conspi-
cuis, reticulars, costfi basi latiore, apice in cirrhum longum
(3-uncialem) compressum, obtusum, spiraliter convolutum
prodeunte ; sesqui- v. bipollicaria, pollicem v. sesquipol-
licem lata : lobis posticis productis, rotunclatis, sinu baseos
decurrentibus. Flos terminalis, solitarius, subsessilis. Invo-
lucrum magnum, cylindricum, unciale, dense arachnoideo-
lanatum ; squamis intimis simplici ordine dispositis, limbo
dilatato, rotundato, membranaceo, margine lanuginoso ; ex-
terioribus appendice ovato-lanceolata spinoso-mucronata,
patenti auctis. Flosculi radii plures (14) rosei, ligulati,

spathulato-

of the Class Composite . 271

spathulato-oblongi, obtuse triclentato, multinervio, labello
interiore aucti, hujus laciniae lineares, erect*, brevissimae,
staminibus sterilibus; disci circiter 30, tubulato-bilabiati :
tubo 5-angulo : labiis revolutis ; exterior e ligulato, obtuse tri-
dentato ; interiore bipartito : segmentis linearibus, obtusis,
revolutis, binerviis. Stamina tubo inserta : fdamenta com-
pressa, pubescentia, apice articulata. Anthcrce exsertae, in
tubum coalitae, appendicula ligulata obtusa callosa coro-
natae, basi bisetosas : setis longis, compressis, canaliculars,
basi ramosis, nunc rarius bipartitis. Stylus 5-angulus, basi
clavatus, glaber. Stigma bilobum : lobis brevissimis, obtu-
sis, minute papillosis. Achenia ancipiti-compressa, leviter
quadrangula, glabra : disco epigyno dilatato, planiusculo.
Pappus sordide cinereus : radiis simplici ordine copiosis,
contiguis, plumosis, basi dilatatis, apice mucronulatis.
Specimens of this Mutisia were collected in the neighbourhood
of Valparaiso by Mr. Thomas Bridges, an enterprising young bo-
tanist, from whose exertions we may confidently expect many va-
luable additions to the Chilian Flora. Mr. Bridges informs me
that the plant flowers in October, and that the rays are pink.

**** Foliis simplicibus, integerrimis.
10. M. inflexa, foliis deflexis perangustis cirrhosis, involucri
squamis appendiculatis.
Mutisia inflexa. Cav. Ic. 5. p. 65. t. 496. Willd. Sp. PL 3.

p. 2070. Hook. Bot. Misc. I. p. 9. t. 6.
M. subulata. Ruiz et Pavon Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. i.

p. 193.
M. linearifolia. Hook. I. c. p. 1 1 . t . 8. non Cav.
In Chili in sylvis arenosis prope urbem Conceptionis (Ruiz et
Pavon) ; ad Valparaiso et Cucha-Cucha. Ludovicas Nee. ^ .
Caulis suffruticosus, scandens, teres, flexuosus, ramosissimus, ut
vol. xvi. 2 n et

272 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

et tota planta lana fugacissima leviter instructus, cortice
cinereo lajvi obductus, altitudine maxime varians, nunc
altissimus, srepe 12-pedalis ! Hamuli foliosi, tortuosi, angu-
lati. Folia (laricina) alterna, sessilia, conferta, lineari-an-
gustissiraa, coriacea, glabra, laate viridia, nunc leviter la-
nuginosa, margine revoluta, integerrima, apice cirrho brevi
trilineari v. unguiculari subulato, mucronulato, revoluto in-
structa, basi nunc rarh\s longe decurrentia ; inferiora de-
flexo-patula ; suprema erecta, tantiim mucronata ; sesqui-
v. tripollicaria, quam linea? tertia latitudine vix ampliora.
Flores terminales, solitarii, sessiles. Involucrum cylindri-
cum, longitudine unciale, clemum laevigatum ; squamis ex-
terioribus appendice lanceolata spinuloso-mucronata, patula
auctis; interioribus ovalibus, obtusis, nudis, adpressis. Flos-
culi radii sanguinei, plures (8—10), foeminei, staminibus
sterilibus, ligulati, subbilabiati ; labello interiore bidentato,
dentibus brevissimis setaceis, nunc rarius obsoletis v. nullis :
ligula lanceolata, obtuse tridentata, involucro vix breviore :
tubo filiformi, unciali ; disci plurimi (20—25) herraaphro-
diti, lutei, tubulato-bilabiati : labiis revolutis ; interiore bi-
partite ; altero 3-dentato. Anthera appendicula lineari,
apice obtusa, inflexa, ipsa anthera fere dimidio breviori
coronatae, basi biaristatse : aristis subsimplicibus, sesqui-
lineam longis, sursinn latioribus. Stylus filiformis. Stigma
bilobum : lobis brevibus, obtusis, pruinosis. Pappus cine-
reus, mollissimus, plumosus.

11. M. Unearifolia, foliis erectis linearibus subimbricatis, invo-
lucri squamis inappendiculatis.
Mutisia linearifolia. Cav. Ic. 5. p. 66. t. 500.
M. linifolia. Hook. Bot. Misc. 1. p. 13. *. 9?

In Chili cum praecedente. Ludovicus Nee. \ .

Caulis

of the Class Composita. 273

Caulis erectus, dodrantalis. Rami teretes, cortice cinereo lam,
foliosi. Folia dupld latiora, erecta, subimbricata, linearia,
glabra, margine revoluta, mucrone recto instructa, uncialia
v. sesquiuncialia, lineam v. sesquilineam lata. Flos termi-
nalis, solitarius, sessilis. Involucrum tubulato-cylindricum,
sesquiunciale, tandem laevissimum : squamis ovalibus, ob-
solete mucronulatis, dilatatis, margine superiore puberulis.
FloscuU radii 8, purpurei, involucro breviores. Pappus al-
bus, plumosus. Reliqua ut in prrecedente, ad quam max-
ime, ut videtur, affinis sit Haec planta ; seel satis discrepat
foliis erectis dupld latioribus non cirrhosis, involucro lon-
giore squamis inappendiculatis, atque ligulis brevioribus.

Trib. 8. BARNADESEiE. Receptaculum paleaceo-villosum. Flos-
cuU difformes v. regulares, 5-partiti. Filamenta nunc mo-
nadelpha ! Anthera basi quandoque mutica? ! Stigmata
crassa, coriniventia, papilloso-pruinosa. Frutices erecti,
Joliis integcrrimis.

Barnadesia, L.

Diacantha. Las:.

Bacasije sp., Ruiz et Pavon.

FloscuU radii bilabiati, hermaphroditi ; disci masculi, tubulosi.
Pappus difformis.

Involucrum oblongum, basi ventricosum, multiplici ordine poly-
phj-llum, imbricatum: squamis mucronatis, integerrimis,
cartilagineis ; intimis elongatis, radiantibus. Receptaculum
paleis tenuissimis, capillaceis, longis, membranaceis, acutis,
muticis, spiraliter tortuosis copiosissime vestitum. FloscuU
dissimiles ; disci paucissimi (1—3) masculi, tubulati, 5-fidi,
basi callosa, genitalibus omnin6 inclusis : nervis primariis

2 n 2 validis,

274 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

validis, infra laciniarum sinus profundi bipartitis ; secun-
dariis per paria interjectis, tenuioribus, ultra medium co-
rolla? obscurioribus, demum evanescentibus ; peripharice
plurimi (10 — 20) hermaphroditi, bilabiati, unica serie di-
gesti, radiati, tubo lorigissimo, filiformi ; labia exteriore
amplo, ligulato, patulo, 4 — 5-fido, 5 — 6-nervio ; interiore
tenuissimo, subsetaceo, canaliculato, indiviso, uninervio.
Filament a in tubum cylindricum connata ! membranacea,
intus villosa, nervo manifesto medium cujusque percur-
renti ; nunc rarius omnino libera. Anthera coalite, ap-
pendice lineari-lanceolata apice uncinata obtusa cartila-
ginea coronatae, valvulis in filamentis decurrentibus, hinc
basi simplices, muticae. Stylus hermaphroditis teres, gla-
ber ; masculis subclavatus, pentagonus, stigmate emar-
ginato, imberbi. Stigma hermaphroditis clavatum, bila-
biatum : lobis crassis, brevibus, obtusis, apice subdilatatis,
superficie minute papillosis. Achenia turbinata, dense vil-
losa. Pappus difformis ; peripharice longus, eleganter plu-
mosus, mollis, erectus : radiis simplici ordine copiosis (18 —
20) ima basi connatis ; disci setosus radiis plurimis (15 — 21)
inrcqualibus, subulatis, validis, recurvatis, hirsutis, vix plu-
mosis, supra planiusculis, ima basi connatis, callosis.
Frutices (Amer. iEquin.) scepiiis spinosi. Folia petiolata, inte-
gerrima, mucronata, scept fasciculata. Spinoe (dum adsint
folia esse mutata) gemina, subulatce. Flores solilarii sessiles
v. plures terminates corymbosi, magni. Flosculi purpurei,
sericeo-villosissimi. Pili receptaculi et achenii siructurd si~
millima , fulvi. Pappus fulvus.

* Flosculis disci nonnullis, tubulosis. Filamentis in tubum con-
natis. Propriae.

1. B. spinosa, foliis obovatis mucronatis nervosis, involucris pu-

bescentibus ;

of the Class Composite. 275

bescentibus ; squamis exterioribus ovatis acuminatis ad-

pressis.
Barnadesia spinosa. Linn. Suppl. p. 348. Lam. III. t. 660 ?

fj'illd. Sp. PL 3. p. 1705. Iltimb. et Boripl. PL JEqu. 2.

p. 176. t. 138. Kunth Syh. 2. p. 360.
In Andibus Xovo-Granatensibus. Mutis. i? .

Frutex erectus, ramosus, rigidus, spinosus. Rami cylindrici,
striati, leviter sulcati, glabriusculi, cortice purpureo induti.
Ramuli dense villosi. Folia fasciculata, petiolata, obovata,
abrupte mucronata (mucrone setaceo, reflexo) integerrima,
nervosa (nervis pluribus, arcuatis), parum undulata, utrin-
que subvillosa, supra viridia, demum nudiuscula, subtus
pallidiora, basi attenuata, sesquipollicem longa, fere polli-
cem lata. Spina patentes, aciculares, rigidae, brunneae,
uncia? dimidium et ultra longae, basi sejuncta;. Capitula
subpaniculata. Imolucrum oblongum, basi ventricosum,
obtusum, copiose fulvescenti-pubescens, pollicare ; squamis
exterioribus ovatis, acuminatis (acumine subulate, spines-
centi), adpressis, callosis, integerrimis ; intimis lineari-lan-
ceolatis, raucronatis, elongatis, erectis, radiantibus. Re-
ceptaculum paleis capillaceis fulvis dense obsitum. Flosculi
peripharice numerosi, duplici ordine digesti, hermaphro-
diti, bilabiati: tubo cyliridricoj la;vi; labio exieriore ligulato,
quadrifido (laciniis lanceolato-linearibus, acutis), 5-nervio,
subtus dense fulvescenti-villoso, sericeo ; interiore minimo,
simplici, setaceo, canaliculato ; disci 3, masculi, tubulosi,
5-fidi, coriacei, extus villosissimi, imA, basi callosa, geni-
talibus longe inclusis. Filamenta in tubum membranaceum
connata. Antherce coalita?, basi simplices, muticae, appen-
dicula ligulata obtusd callosa apice incurvat& coronatae.
Stigma bilobura : lobis crassis, obtusissimis, brevibus^ dila-

tatis,

276 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

tatis, supra concaviusculis, pruinosis. Achenia turbinate,
fulvescenti-villosissima. Pappus fulvus, dissimilis ; herma-
phroditis plumosus, mollis simus, radiis copiosis (20 — 25)
basi connatis ; masculis setosus, radiis 20, subulato-setaceis,
recurvatis, hirsutis, basi callosis, connatis.
The above description is taken from the original sample pre-
served in the Linnaean herbarium, and which had been com-
municated to Linnaeus by Mutis. The figure in the Plant es
Equinoxiales is a good representation of this species ; but I am
in doubt respecting that of Lamarck, which appears to ap-
proach nearer to the following. It is most probable that B. spi-
nosa is peculiar to New Granada, and that the Peruvian plant
said to be the same, is really distinct, and that it belongs to one
of die other species I have enumerated.

2. B. media, foliis obovatis mucronatis subaveniis, floribus co-
rymboso-paniculatis, involucris lanatis ; squamis exteriori-
bus lanceolatis mucronatis.
In Peruvia. Ruiz et Pavon. i? .

Frutex erectus, ramosus, spinosus. Rami undique cinereo-
pubescentes. Spina subulatae, graciles, semunciales, rectae,
divaricato-patentes. Folia fasciculata, brevissimc petiolata,
obovata, mucronata, integerrima, plana, basi attenuata,
utrinque subsericea, subtus leviter canescentia, exsicca-
tione obsolete venosa, pollicaria. Flores dupl6 minores,
in ramulorum apice plures (8 — 10) corymboso-paniculati.
Pedunculi uniflori, filiformes, tomentosi, unciales v. sesqui-
unciales. lnvolucra campanulata, longitudine vix uncialia,
basi paululum attenuata, folio unico saepin-S bracteata : squa-
mis fulvo-lanatis ; exterioribus lanceolatis, pungenti-acumi-
natis, demum reflexis, squarrosis ; intimis elongatis, line-
aribus, mucronatis, radiatis, revolutis ! Flosculi radii 15,

lio-ulA

of the Class Composita. 277

ligula semipollicari, laciniis linearibus obtusis : pappo plu-
moso, mollissimo, radiis 18 — 20 erectis ; disci 3, infundi-
buliformes, limbo 5-fidi : pappo subulato, rigido, radiis 1.3,
recurvatis, hirsutis, dimidio brevioribus. Caetera omnino
ut in genere.

3. B. reticulata, foliis elliptico-oblongis abrupte mucronulatis

reticulato-venosis subtus sericeis, involucri squamis ad-
pressis nudiusculis nitidis.
In segetibus Tarmae Peruvianorum. Ruiz et Pavon. \ .

Frutex biorgyalis, erectus, ramosissimus, spinosus, cortice fusco.
Rami dependentes, teretes, glabriusculi, apicem versus le-
vissime puberuli. Ramuli nutantes. Spina semunciales,
horizontaliter patentes, nee divaricate, fulvag, nitidae. Fo-
lia in fasciculis paucissima (3 — 6) rare subsolitaria, ellipti-
co-oblonga, abrupte mucronulata, integerrima, plana, sub-
stantia tenuiora, fere membranacea, supra, nisi ad venas
primarias, nudiuscula, subtus sericea, nervis plurimis ob-
lique parallelis, venisque ramosissimis connexis reticulata.
Capitula multo majora, 8 — 10 subcorymbosa, terminalia,
breviter pedunculata. Involucra oblonga, basi ventricosa,
rotundata, longitudine sesquipollicaria, v. paulo ultra : squa-
mis siccitate fulvo-coloratis, nitidis ; exterioribus ellipticis,
subsericeis, abrupte mucronulatis, adpressis ; intimis elon-
gatis, erectis ! acuminatis, radiantibus. Flosculi villosissimi.
Ca3tera ut in prsecedente.

4. B. lanceolata, foliis obovato-lanceolatis mucronatis aveniis

utrinque sericeo-pubescentibus, fioribus subsolitariis ses-

silibus, involucris lanatis.
Bacasia lanceolata. Ruiz et Pavon Mss.
In Andibus Peruviae. Ruiz et Pavon. t? .

Species

278 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Species distinctissima. Frutex ramosissimus, rigidus, armatus.
Rami teretes, flexuosi, glabriusculi. Hamuli foliiferi to-
mentoso-pubentes, nunc pollicares, inferne de lapsu folio-
rum tuberculati. Spina lignea?, validae, subulatiie, diva-
ricato-patentes, rectae, rigidissimre, ad basin ramulorum
geminatim opposite, vicem stipularum fungendae, unciales
v. sesquiunciales. Folia alterna, conferta, quasi fascicu-
lata, obovato-lanceolata, mucronata, integerrima, plana,
coriacea, utrinque avenia, pube ferruginea atomisque resi-
nosis numerosissimis vestita, basi attenuata, petiolo ramis
adnato suffulta, costa media conspicua ; adultiora supra
nudiuscula. Capitula subsolitaria, sessilia. Involucra ses-
quipollicaria : sqaamis extus, sed praesertim in junioribus,
copiose fulvo-lanuginosis, mollissimis ; infimis elongatis,
strictis, radiantibus ; exterioribus ovatis, acuminatis, demum
revolutis, squarrosis. Flosculi radii magis copiosi (20) lon-
giores, ligula fere pollicari, 6-nervia, tubo involucri vix
longitudine, filiformi ; disci 3, infundibuliformes, masculi,
limbo 5-fidi. Pappus periphceria radiis (20) eleganter phi-
mosis, erectis, mollissimis, validioribus ; disci 18, validis,
rigidis, recurvatis, subulatis, hirsutis, inferne crassioribus,
ima basi connatis. Ca?tera ut in genere.

** Flosculo disci solitario, tubuloso. Filamentis in tubum con-
natis.

5. B. corymbosa, inermis ; foliis sparsis ovato-lanceolatis acu-
minatis nervosis, floribus corymbosis, involucris pubescen-
tibus.
Bacasia corymbosa. Ruiz et Pavon Syst. I eg. Fl. Peruv. 1.

p. 189- Gen. t. 22.
In Andium nemoribus prope Muna vicum Peruviae. Ruiz et
Pavon. *2 ■

Frutex

of the Class Composite. 279

Frutex inermis, erectus, 2-orgyalis. Rami angulati, leviter sul-
cati, calamum scriptorium crassitie adaequantes, cortice
fusco-cinereo obducti, apicem versus fulvo-tomentosi. Fo-
lia sparsa, petiolata, ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, coriacea,
rigida, margine callosa, integerrima, supra glabra, lucida,
subtus villosa, basi attenuata, costa media subtus prominen-
ti, nervis plurimis incurvatis, reticulatim connexis, venosis-
sima, sesqui- v. quadri-uncialia, tunc pollicem v. sesquipol-
licem lata. Peiioli semiteretes, tomentosi, supra canaliculati,
semunciales. Flores terminates, numerosi(7 — 14)corymbosi,
Serratuhe covonatce magnitudine et facie similes. Pednnculi
teretes, copiose fulvo-tomentosi, semi- v. pollicares. Involu-
cvum ovatum, multiplici ordine polyptiyllum, imbricatum,
basi ventricosum ; squamis eaterioribus ovatis, acuminatis,
integerrimis, adpressis, cartilagineis, extus pubescentibus ;
intimis elongatis, linearibus, mucronulatis, recurvato-patu-
lis, radium eftbrmantibus. Receptaculum paleis capillaceis
fulvis tectum. Flosculi periplucrue plures (8 — 10) herma-
phroditi, bilabiati, purpurei, fere sesquipollicares ; labio
exitriore maximo, ligulato, patente, obtuse 4 — 5-dentato,
subtus tuboque sericeo-villosissimo, nervis tan turn primariis
5 v. 6, rectis, parallelis ; interiore subsetaceo, canaliculato,
indiviso ; disci unicus, tubulosus, limbo 5-fidus, genitalibus
longe inclusis (an sterilibus ?) basi callosa, extus villosissi-
mus : lobis ovato-oblongis, obtusis : nervis primariis validis,
infra loborum sinus alte bipartitis ; secundariis 2 interstinc-
tis, parallelis, tantum a basi ad medium et ultra manifestis,
superne obscurioribus, demum evanescentibus, hinc revera
non recurrentibus. Filamenta in tubum membranaceum
connata, intus villosa, exserta, inferne tubo flosculi adhae-
rentia. Anthem conn at ae, costa dilatata, appendice lan-
vol. xvi. 2 o ceolato-

280 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

ceolato-lineari, coriaceti, rigida, apice uncinate, obtusa,
ips& anther^ quater breviori coronatae, basi simplices, mu-
ticae, ob valvulas basi in filamentis decurrentes. Stylus
hernia phroditis filiformis, laevis. Stigma bilabiatum : lobh
crassis, obtusis, brevibus, supra concaviusculis, pruinosis.
Achenia turbinata, fulvescenti-villosissima. Pappus fulvus,
dissimilis ; flosculo centrali setosus, radiis 21 inaequalibus
subulatis, validis, recurvatis, hirsutis, vix plumosis, basi
connatis ; caeteris duplo longior, eleganter plumosus,
mollis, radiis 20 circiter, tenuioribus, ima basi conferru-
minatis.

*** Flosculo disci solitario, tubidoso. Filamentis omninb liberis.

Penthea.

6. B. laaa, spinosa; foliis .... floribus subsolitariis sessilibus,
involucri squamis intimis erectis radiatis.
In Brasilia^ Sello. ^ .

Caulis fruticosus, spinosus, diffuse ramosissimus, laxus, cortice
fusco obductus. Rami teretes, glabri, atrofusci. Folia
nondum vidi. Spina geminae, aciculares, laeves, aequales,
rigidee, patulffi, basi distinctae, semipollicares et ultra.
Flores copiosi, in apice ramulorum subsolitarii, sessiles, in
paniculam laxam dispositi. Involucra campanulata, sesqui
v. bi-pollicaria : squamis ovatis, mucronulatis, adpressis,
coriaceis, sericeis, demum laeviusculis ; interioribus gradatim
longioribus, lanceolatis ; intimis elongatis, linearibus, acu-
minatis, rectis, radiatis. Receptaculum copiose villosum.
Flosculi plurimi, hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; labio exterioie
maximo, ligulato, obtuse tridentato, 5-nervio, subtus seri-
ceo-villosissimo ; intcriore lineari-setaceo, binervio, brevi-
ore; disci solitarii, masculi, tubulosi, 5-dentati. Filamenta

libera,

of the Class Composite. 281

libera, complanata, glabra ; articulo superior e longo, sub-
stantia crassiore. Anthera in tubuin coalitae, appendicular
ligulata. obtusA, callosa rigida, coronatae, basi bidentatae :
dentibus brevissimis, setaceis. Stigma bilobum : lobis ob-
tusis, minute papillosis. Achenia undique sericeo-villosissi-
ma. Pappus dinbrmis ; hermaphroditis plumosus, mollissi-
mus ; rlosculo disci setosus, radiis subulato-setaceis, recur-
vatis, rigidis, basi connatis.

The character of Bacasia appears to have been constructed
entirely from B. corymbosa, whose only point of distinction would
consist in the reduced number of male florets, these being soli-
tary in each capitulum, while in Barnadesia there are several ;
but this must be admitted to be a character too unimportant to
be regarded as sufficient to constitute a generic distinction.
Ruiz and Pavon in their Systema Vegetabilium Florce Peruviana
et Chilensis added a second species to Bacasia, namely B. spinosa,
but without altering the generic character previously given in
their Genera Plantarum. It is evident they had not examined
this plant with due attention, otherwise it would have been im-
possible for them to have determined in referring to Bacasia a
plant which accords in so few particulars with their generic de-
scription, and which proves to be really a species of Chuquiraga.
The Diacantha of Lagasca is apparently identical with Barna-
desia spinosa, but by no means with the Bacasia spinosa of Ruiz
and Pavon, which he has inadvertently regarded as the same
plant. The central florets of Barnadesia have been hitherto
described as sterile, but as the anthers evidently contain grains
of peifect pollen, I have considered them as male.

2 o 2 Chuquiraga.

282 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Chuquiraga. Juss.

JOHANNIA. Willd.

BacasiyH sp., Ruiz et Pavon.
Flosculi regulares, 5-partiti, hermaphroditi. Pappus uniformis.

Involucrum turbinato-campanulatum, multiplici ordine poly-
phyllum, imbricatum : squamis adpressis, cartilagineis, ex-
tends gradatim minoribus, costa valida apice in mucronem
rio-idum subulatum excurrente ; intimis elongatis, acumi-
natis, radium constituentibus. Receptaculum dense villoso-
lanatum. Flosculi indefiniti, hermaphroditi, tubulosi, alte
5-partiti, villosi : fame intus dense barbata ! segmentis line-
aribus, strictis, apice penicillatis ! nervis marginalibus pro-
minulis. Stamina disco epigyno inserta : filamenta com-
planata, libera, basi tubi corolla? adhaerentia : antherce in
tubum connatae, appendice lineari-ligulata cartilaginea co-
ronatee, basi biseta? v. bidentatae. Stigmata lineari-lingu-
lata, conniventia, papilloso-pruinosa. Achenia turbinata,
undique villosissima. Pappi radiis copiosis, valde plu-
mosis, inferne crassioribus, simplici ordine digestis, ima
basi connatis, apice simplici.

Frutices sempervirentes, erecti, rigidi, ramosissimi, inermes v. spi-
jwsi. Folia alterna, margine integerrima, callosa, pungenti-
mucronata, coriacea, nitida ; aut omnind subulata, spinosa.
Capitula terminalia, solitaria, sessilia, erecta, magna, v.plura
paniculata. Involucra extus fulvescenti-villosissima, nunc
glabriuscula : squamis luteo-coloratis. Flosculi aurei.

Obs. — Folia sapore amarissimo gauclent.

* Capi talis

of the Class Composite. 283

* Capitulis solitariis, sessilibus. Ant her is basi bisetosis. Propria*.

1. C. insignis, inermis ; foliis imbricatis, setis antherarum aequa-

libus.
Chuquiraga insignis. Humb. et Bonpl. PL Mqu. 1. p. 153.

Lam. III. t. 6'91 . Kunth in H. et B. Nov. Gen. et Sp. PL 4.

p. 18. Si/n.2. p.36l.
C. microphylla. llumb. et Bonpl. L c. p. 151. t. 43. Kunth

in II. et B. Nov. Gen. et Sp. PL 4. p. 19. Si/n. 2. p. 361.
C. lancifolia. Humb. et Bonpl. 1. c. p. 153. Kunth in II. et B.

Nov. Gen. et Sp. PL 4. p. 19. Si/n. 2. p. S6l.
In Antisana Quitensium, et alpibas Peruvianis. Jos. Jussieu,

Humboldt et Bonpland. ^ ■

Frutex erectus, ramosus, rigidus, 5-pedalis. Rami teretes, a
casu foliorum cortice scabro cicatricoso obducti. Ramuli
adpresse copioseque pilosi, demilm glabriusculi. Folia al-
terna, sessilia, confertissima, undique imbricata, ovata, inte-
gerriraa, margine calloso, incrassato, mucrone brevi, recto,
subulato, rigido, pungentia, avenia, substantia crassa, cori-
acea, supra concava, subtus costa valida carinata, utrinque
viridia, perlucida, juventute villosiuscula, demi\m nuda, et
exsiccatione praesertim punctis minutissimis quasi resinosis
notata, basi angustiora, 4—5 lineas longa, 2 lata. Capitula in
ramulorum summitate solitaria, sessilia. Involucra turbina-
to-campanulata, multiplici ordine polyphylla, imbricata :
squamis adpressis, cartilagineis, rigidis, fulvescenti-villosis-
simis, nervo percurrente apice exserto prominulo, subinde
mucronatis ; exterioribus ovatis ; interioribus gradatim lon-
gioribus ; intimis lanceolato-linearibus, elongatis, acumi-
natis, erectis, radium constituentibus. Receptaculum dense
villoso-lanatum, villis fulvescentibus. Flosculi numerosissi-
mi (45 — 50), regulares, hermaphroditi, pollicares, profunde

5-partiti :

284 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

5-partiti : tubo pentagono, 5-nervio, substantia crassiore, ex-
tus et intus dense fulvo-villoso, limbo ter breviore : segmentis
linearibus, villoso-plumosis, apice penicillatis, strictis, basi
latiore planis, nervis raarginalibus prominulis, margine su-
perne involutis : villis fulvis. Stamina disco epigyno cum
corollA inserta : filamenta linearia, angustissima, compla-
nata, fere membranacea, nervo manifestissimo, basi parum
latiore, imo tubo corolla? adha?rentia : anthera in tubum
angustum coalitae, longitudine 8-lineares, appendicula li-
neari-ligulata obtusA anthera ipsa dimidio breviori cartila-
gineA coronatae, basi bisetae : setts requalibus, compressis,
validis, sulco exaratis, 2 lineas longis, extremitate filamen-
tosA, spirali, retroflexA. Stylus glaber, 5-angulus, basi in-
crassata. Stigmata lineari-lingulata, obtusa, facie interiori
canaliculata, cum superiore parte styli atomis resinosis co-
piosissimis ornata, conniventi-applicata. Aclwnia turbinata,
undique fulvo-villosissima, hinc convexa, inde biangulata.
Pappi radiis pluribus (20—24) valde phimosis, imiequalibus,
inferne crassioribus, simplici ordine digestis, ima basi con-
natis, apice simplici setaceo, brevi : ra?nulis persistentibus.
Obs. — 'J'abula Lamarckiana, errore pictoris, tubum antherarum
pro corolla exhibet.

I have, without hesitation, united the Chuquiraga insignis and
microphylla, being fully persuaded that the characters relied on,
as marks of distinction, are of too transitory a nature to justify
the separation of two plants otherwise so much alike. In the
Lambertian herbarium are two specimens of C. insignis from
M. Bonpland himself, with the branches thickly clothed with
short hairs, and the young leaves slightly villous, which cir-
cumstances are regarded by him as constituting the specific
distinction of his C. microphylla ; but, as the epidermis is de-
ciduous,

of the Class Composltce. 283

ciduous, and the older branches consequently devoid of hairs, 1
have no doubt that these two presumed species, as well as the
C. lancifolia, will be found to possess the same characters, and
that they will prove to be only different states of the same plant,
as M. Kunth has already suspected.

2. C. spinosa, armata ; foliis patulis, setis antherarum inaequali-

bus.
Bacasia spinosa. Ruiz et Pavon Syst. Veg. Ft. Per. et Chi/, i.

p. 188.
In Peruviae subalpinis et praeruptis frigidis ad Huarocheri,

Tarmae et Cantae provincias. Ruiz et Pavon. h . Fl. Maio

et Junio. Jiilgd Clavelon de Serranias.

Frutex bipedalis, erectus, ramosissimus, spinosus, cortice fusco
scabro obductus. Ramu/i copiose adpresseque pilosi. Fo/ia
alterna, sessilia, patentia, ovato-lanceolata, coriacea, plana,
avenia, margine calloso integerrima, basi angustiori, spina
subulata recta terminata, subtu.s convexiuscula, costA va-
lida carinata, juventute utrinque hirsutissima, sed deni-
que omnino denudata, perlucida, atomis resinosis con-
spersa, semipollicaria, 2 — 3 lineas lata. Spi/ue proprice
(folia mutata) axillares, plerumque geminoe, subulata^, di-
varicato-patentes, saepe foliorum longitudine. Flores in
apice ramulorum solitarii, sessiles, minores quam in pras-
cedente. Involucrum turbinato-campanulatum, multiplici
ordine polyphyllum, itnbricatum, nunc pedunculo brevis-
simo undique squamoso suffultum : squamis adpressis, lan-
ceolatis, spinuloso-mucronatis, pungentibus, sericeo-villo-
sissimis (villis fulvescentibus) ; interiovibus gradatim longi-
oribus ; intimis elongatis, erectis, subscariosis, radiatis. Re-
ceptaculum dense villoso-lanatum. Flosculi pauciores (15 —
20), regulares, hermaphroditi, minus profunde 5-partiti :

sesmentis

286 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

segmentis lineari-ensatis, strictis, margine conniventibus,
cartilagineis, apice acutis, intus canaliculatis, delist seri-
ceo-villosissimis, penicillatis, denique glabratis : tubo cylin-
draceo, vix fauce dilatata, extus et intus copiose sericeo-vil-
loso, substantia crassiore, limbo fere duplo breviore : nervis
5, in tubo simplicibus, ad laciniarum sinus divisis in ramis
2 strictis marginalibus, summo apice confluentibus ; secun-
dariis nullis. Stamina disco epigyno cum corolla inserta :
filament a libera, complanata, glabra, interne fere mem-
branacea, neryo manifestissimo, canaliculata, basi dilatata,
corolla? imo tubo adhaerentia ; articulo snperiore duplo
angustiore, 5-pl6 breviore : anther ce. in tubum connata?, 5
lineas longae, appendicular lineari-ligulata obtusa membra-
nacea, ips^ anthera dimidio longiori coronatae, basi bise-
tosae : setts callosis, strictis, imequalibus, interiori latere
leviter canaliculatis, extremitate filamentosa, spirali, nunc
retrofracta v. revolut^i, decidua ! Stylus filiformis, uncialis,
v. fere ses qui uncialis. Stigma bilobum : hbis lingulatis,
obtusis, pruinosis, compressis. Achenia turbinata, undique
adpresse villosissima. Pappus fulvus, deciduus : radiis 20
circiter, valde phimosis, inaequalibus, im4 basi in annulum
connatis : rachibus setaceis, inferne gradatim crassioribus,
apice tenuissimo, simplici.

Such is the description of authentic specimens of Bacasia spi-
nosa contained in the herbarium of Ruiz and Pavon, which will
be found to correspond in every essential point of structure with
the genus Chuquiraga. It is evident, as I have before observed,
that this plant had been referred to Bacasia by the above-men-
tioned botanists from habit alone, without any regard to the struc-
ture of the flower, as the slightest examination would have con-
vinced them of the incorrectness of that arrangement. Cavanilles

seems

of the Class Composite. c287

seems also to have been deceived with regard to the affinity of
this plant, as appears by specimens from him in the Lambertian
herbarium, marked " Bdrnadesia e.v Peri/via."

** Capitulis paniculatis. Antheris basi bidentatis : appendiculd
terminali, bilobd. Erinesa.

3. C. hispida, foliis elliptico-oblongis acuminatis subtus ramulis-
que setosis, spinis basi coadunatis, pednnculis armatis.
In Brasilia. Sello. \ •

Frutex diffusus, spinosus. Caulis teres, cortice cinereo-fusco,
demum laeviusculo. Hamuli pilis setaceis persistentibus
fuscis copiose vestiti. Spina geminae, in ramulorum folio-
rumque axillis praecipue positae ; caulis erectae, rigidae,
subulatae, durissimae, basi coadunatae, saepe setis ornatae,
semunciam et ultra longae ; ramulorum brevissimae, recur-
vatae. Folia alterna, brevissime petiolata, elliptico-oblonga,
acuminata, integerrima, obsolete triplinervia, reticulato-
venosa, coriacea, supra glabra, subtus hispide pilosa, basi
parum attenuata, 3-pollicaria, uriciam v. sesquiunciam lata.
Petibli semicylindrici, hispidi, supra canaliculati, vix^lineas
longi. Flores terminales, plures, subpaniculati. Pedunculi
breves, uniflori, undique copiose fulvo-pilosi, spinis solitariis
geminisve reflexis, rectis, subulatis armati. Involucra semi-
pollicaria, cylindrica : squamis ovatis, spinuloso-mucronatis,
coriaceis, adpressis, margine ciliatis ; intimis conniventibus.
Receptaculum parvum, dense pilosum : pilis fulvis, brevibus.
Floscu/iS — 10, hermaphroditi, aequaliter tubulosi, coriacei:
tubo intus villosissimo : limbo regulari, 5-partito : segmentis
anguste linearibus, acutis, canaliculars, binerviis, erectis,
margine conniventibus, pube adpressa fulva sericeis. Fila-
menta gracillima, glabra, inferne corollae tubo adhaerentia.
Antherce in tubum coalitas, basi bidentataa : dentibus aequa-
vol. xvi. 2 p libus,

288 71/?-. D. Don's Descriptions of new Geneva and Species

libus, obtusis : appendicula terminalis brevis, ligulata, car-
tilaginea, emarginata ! Stigma bilamelloso-partitum, cum
stylo apice minute papillosum, scabriusculum : lobis planis,
mucronulatis. Achenia undique villosissima, fulva. Pappus
fulvus, mollissimus : radiis plumosis, apice mucronulatis,
ima basi crassioribus, nudis et connatis, simplici ordine di-
gestis.

4. C. latifolia, foliis ovatis acutis trinerviis, spinis inaequalibus,
floribus racemoso-corymbosis, involucri squamis intimis
revolutis.
In Brasilia. Sello. \ •

Frutex ramosus, spinosus. Rami cylindrici, leviter sulcati, cor-
tice fusco-cinereo obducti. Folia alterna, petiolata, ovata,
v. ovato-oblonga, acuta, integerrima, trinervia, reticulatim
venosa, submembranacea, basi lata rotundata, rard parum
in petiolum decurrentia ; palmaria, fere bipollicem lata,
utrinque demum glabrata ; juniora tamen cum ramulis no-
vellis villis adpressis fulvescentibus subsericea. Spina ax-
illares, geminae, incequales, subulatoe, rigidae, divaricatae,
saepii^sque deflexa?, basi coadunata?, trilineares ; altero bre-
viore. Petioli brevissimi, semicyiindrici, pubescentes, basi
parum dilatata ramis articulati. Flores in apice ramulorum
copiosi, racemoso-corymbosi. Pedunculi unirlori, inermes,
vix pollicares. Involucra semipollicaria, campanulata: squa-
mis ovatis, mucronulatis, ciliatis, subcarinatis, coriaceis, ad-
presse imbricatis ; intimis elongatis, radium eftbrmantibus,
revolutis. Receptaculum magis dilatatum, copiose pilosum.
Flosculi indefiniti, omnes regulares, hermapbroditi, tubulosi,
5-partiti,coriacei,inferne vix attenuati: seg///e/^islinearibus,
acutis, aequalibus, canaliculatis, binerviis, apice barbatis :
fauce intus villosd. Stamina brevissima, sub fauce inclusa :

filament a

of the Class Composites. 289

Jilamenta capillaria, libera, glabra : ant her a appcndicula
lineari, membranacea, bifida ! cbronatae, basi obtuse biden-
tata\ Stigma bilamelloso-partitum : lobis ovalibus, obtusis,
revolutis, cum apice styli minutissime papillosis, scabrius-
culis. Achenia turbinata, undique fulvo-villosissiraa. Pap-
pus plumosus, fulvus : radiis simplici ordine digestis, ima
basi crassiore connatis.

.5. C. paniculata, inermis ; foliis elliptico-oblongis triplinerviis
subtus pubescentibus, floribus thyrsoideis, involucri squa-
mis intimis revolutis.
In Brasilia ad ripas tiuminis La Plata. Sello. ^ .

Caulis fruticosus, diffuse ramosissimus, inermis. Rami angulati,
pubescentes. Folia alterna, petiolata, elliptico-oblonga,
acuta, triplinervia, integerrima, plana, supra glabra, sub-
tus copiose pubescentia, denique denudata, basi paululum
attenuata, 3 — 5-pollicaria, sesquipollicem lata. Petioli
pubescentes, supra planiusculi, semunciales. Capitula ter-
minalia, copiosissima, thyrsoideo-paniculata. Pedunculi
angulati, fulvescenti-tomentosi. Involucrum tubulato-cam-
panulatum, longitudine semipollicare : squamis coriaceis,
tomentosis ; cxterioribus ovatis, acutis, adpressis ; intimis
linearibus, mucronulatis, elongatis, revolutis. Receptacu-
lum dense villosum. Flosculi 12 circiter, tubulosi, herma-
pliroditi, limbo profunde 5-partiti : segmentis linearibus,
acutis, apice barbatis, recurvis : nervis marginalibus : tubo
pentagono, substantia crassiore, basi attenuato, intus villo-
sissimo. Stamina tubo inclusa, brevia : Jilamenta anguste
linearia, complanata, glabra : anthera, basi obtuse biden-
tata3, appendicula membranaceA, ligulata, biloba ! coro-
natee. Stigma exsertum, bilobum : lobis crassis, obtusis,
pruinosis. Achenia turbinata, undique dense adpresseque

2 p 2 pilosissima.

290 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

pilosissima. Pappi racliis 18, eleganter plumosis, simplici
ordine digestis, ima. basi connatis, apice truncatis : ra-
chibus fulvis, interne crassioribus : ramulis persistentibus,
argenteis.

6. C. vepreculata, foliis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis trinerviis,
spinis falcatis basi coadunatis, tloribus thyrsoideis, anthe-
rarum appendicular bicuspidata.
Ad Caracas. D. Fanning. ^ .

Frutex more Rubi capreolatus, srepe scandens, ramosissimns,
spinosus. Ra?ni teretes, sulcati, pubescentes. Folia alterna,
petiolata, ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, trinervia, integer-
rima, utrinque (praesertim in junioribus) villosa, demum
glabra ta, supra lucidula, basi subacuta, pollicaria v. bi-
pollicaria. Petioli semicylindrici, dense villosi, basi ramis
articulati, sesqui v. bilineam longi. Spina interpetiolares,
brevissimae, subulatae, coadunatae, divaricatae, arcuate, ri-
gidae, fulvescentes, sesquilineares. Flores terminales, thyr-
soidei. Thyrsi compositi, multirlori. Pedunculi brevissimi,
teretes, validi, tomentosi, uniflori. Involucra oblonga, cy-
lindrica, semuncialia : sqaamis ovato-lanceolatis, adpressis,
coriaceis, tomentosis, spina recta brevi terminatis ; intimis
linearibus, elongatis, radiantibus, nunc rarius revolutis. Re-
ceptaculum pilis cinereis dense vestitum. Flosculi plures
(18 — 20) uniformes, tubulosi, 5-fidi, hermaphroditi, albi :
tubo attenuato, extus et intus villoso, 5-angulo, substantia
coriaceo, fauci longitudine subaequali : laciniis lineari-
lanceolatis, obtusiusculis, erectis, villosis, nervis primariis
marginalibus. Stamina basi tubi inserta : filament a capil-
laria, glabra ; articulo superiore brevi : anther a in tubum
pentagonum coalitae, basi acute bidentatae, appendicula
membranacea. bicuspidata coronatae. Stylus capillaris, 5-

angulus.

of the Class Compos/tee. 291

angulus. Stigma clavatum, bilobum, pruinosum. Schema
turbinata, copiose sericeo-villosa. Pappus cinereus : mdiis
16 circiter, simplici ordine digestis, eleganter phimosis.
Specimens of this curious species of Chuqidraga formed part
of a small but interesting collection of dried plants made in
Caracas by Mr. Fanning, and which is now in the possession of
Mr. Lambert. Mr. Fanning discovered it in the vicinity of
Caracas, extending its feeble branches, like a bramble, for sup-
port over the other shrubs and trees in its neighbourhood, and
frequently spreading to fifteen or even to thirty feet. Mr. Fan-
ning has also brought to this country a valuable collection of
seeds and living plants, among which is the famous Cow-tree,
Palo de Vaca.

This section, which has entirely the habit of Barjiadesia, con-
stitutes a very remarkable osculant group connecting Chuquiraga
with that genus. The species are evidently intimately allied, and
although I have not ventured to separate them entirely from Chu-
quiraga, yet I am satisfied that they are sufficiently characteristic
to merit being regarded as a distinct genus.

Trib. 9. Stifftie^. Receptaculum nudum. Flosculi tubulosi,
5-partiti, regulares, hermaphroditi. Stamina fauci inserta !
Anthera basi bisetae. Stigmata plerumque soluta, papillosa,
recurva. Frutices foliis simplicibus.

Stifftia. Mikan.

Augusta. Leand.

Plazlie sp., Spreng.

Stamina limbi sinubus inserta. Pappi radiis multiplici ordine

digestis, cylindricis, undique scabris, apice incrassatis.
Involucrum subglobosum, polyphyllum, imbricatum : squamis

obtusis,

292 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

obtusis, integerrimis, planis, coriaceis, aclpressis. Recep-
taculum nudum, scrobiculatum. Floscidi infundibuliformes,
regulares, hermaphroditi, inferno substantia coriacei, limbo
alte 5-partiti : segmcntis linearibus, obtusis, spiraliter revo-
lutis, nervis primariis prominulis marginatis ; nunc primum
2 v. 3 mardnibus leviter connexis, tunc flosculum bilabi-
atum aemulantibus. Stamina inter corollas lacinias inserta :
filamenta e sinubus supernc libera, gracilia, glabra : antheraz
coalite, basi longissime biaristatae, appendice lineari-subu-
lata compressa eallos& rigida coronatae. Stylus filiformis,
lams. Stigmata soluta, linearia, recurva, papilloso-prui-
nosa, acuta v. truncata. Achenia elongata, hinc convexa,
inde angulata. Pappus longus, coloratus, persistens : radiis
multiplici ordine digestis, cylindricis, undique denticulato-
scabris, apice incrassato, hinc penicillatis.
Frutices frond osi, sempervirentas, speciosi. Folia altema, simplicia,
inteserrima, uninervia, reticulato-venosa, glabra. Flores ter-
minales solitarii v.paniculati. Pedunculi squamis obtusis or-
nati. Flosculi aurei v. rosci.

1. S. chrysantha, foliis lanceolatis acuminatis, rloribus solitariis,
rlosculis indefinitis.
Stifftia chrysantha. Mik. Bras.
Augusta grandiflora. Leand, in Act. Man. 1. t. 14.
Plazia brasiliensis. Spreng. Syst. 4. pars 2. p. 301.
Frutex biorgyalis, erectus, ramosissimus, frondosus, cortice lae-
vissimo cinereo obducta. Folia (Leeythidis) altema, petio-
lata, lanceolata, obtuse acuminata, integerrima, basi acuta
membranacea, nervo medio subtus prominente, reticulato-
venosissima, utrinque glaberrima, nitida, viridia, 4—6 un-
cias longa, sesqui v. biunciam lata. Fetioli brevissimi, te-
retiusculi, supra leviter canaliculati, subtus convexi, un-

guiculares.

of the Class Composite. 993

guiculares. Flos speciosus, terminalis, solitarius, pedun-
culatus. Pedunculus teres, superne incrassatus, undique
squamis plurimis, ovalibus oblongisve, coriaceis, concavis,
glabris munitus, uncialis. Involucrum globosum, sextu-
plici circiter serie imbricatum, ut et pedunculus, l^ve,
magnitudine atque structure Centaurea mqjori simillimum :
squamis obtusissimis, integerrimis, coriaceis, adpressis, he-
vibus, extends gradatim minoribus ; intimis elongatis, ligu-
latis. Pxeceptacuhwi depressum, nudum. Flosculi numero-
sissimi, hermaphroditi, infundibuliformes, longissimi, (bi-
unciales): tubo basi coriaceo : fauce dilatata : Urn bo' pro-
fundi 5-partito: segmentis linearibus, obtusis, spiraliter
revolutis, nervis primariis validis marginatis, 10 lineas lon-
gis j nunc primum 2 v. 3 margine inter se connexis, tunc
floscukun bilabiatum aemulantibus. Stamina inter limbi
lacinias inserta : filamenta tubo corolhe omnino arete ad-
haerentia, e sinubus superne tantum libera, gracilia, gla-
bra: anthera pollicares, in tubum coalite, appendice line-
ari-lanceolatct, acuminata, coriacea, rigida terminate basi
anstis 2 simplicibus, setaceo-attenuatis, longissimis (semi-
polhcaribus) instructs. Stylus longitudine staminum, fili-
formis, glaber. Stigma bilobum, exsertum : lobis semicy-
lmdncis, acutis, pruinosis, recurvis. Achenia angusta,
pentagona, hinc convexiuscula, undique rugulosa, pube-
scenha, semuncialia. Pappus longissimus (sesquiuncialis)
persistens, croceus : radiis triplici v. quadruplici ordine di-
gests, setaceo-capillaribus, teretibus, rigidiusculis, undique
puberulis, scabris, apice penicillato, mucronulato ; intimis
compressis.

Obs.— Hujus stirpis pulcherrimre exempla quatuor a Langs-
dorffio et Sellovio communicata vidi.

2. S. parviflora,

294 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

2. S. parvijiora, foliis cuneato-lanceolatis, floribus paniculatis,
rlosculis definitis.
Augusta parviflora. Leancl. I. c.
Plazia parviflora. Spreng. Syst. 4. pars 2. p. 301.
Jn Brasilia ad Campos Novos et ad Rio das Contas. Martins, f? .

Frutex erectus, frondosus. Rami cylindrici, cortice cinereo laevi
obducti. Folia alterna, brevissime petiolata, spathulato-
oblonga, nunc rar6 lanceolata, integerrima, coriacea, uni-
nervia, venis obscurioribus, utrinque glabra, viridia, basin
versus attenuata, 5-pollicaria, unciam v. sesquiunciam la-
titudine a?quantia. Peiioli semicylindrici, glabri, supra
plani, 3 lineas longi. Flores parvi, copiosissimi, panicu-
lati. Panicula terminalis, diffusa. Pedunculi teretes, gla-
bri, apicem versus crassiores, squamis nonnullis ovalibus
obtusis concavis muniti. lnvolucra globosa : squamis ova-
libus, obtusissimis, concavis, membranaceis, laevibus, tri-
plici ordine imbricatis, adpressis ; intimis oblongis. Re-
ceptaculum nudum. Flosculi definiti (12) hermapbroditi,
infundibuliformes, basi coriacea, limbo 5-partiti : segmentis
linearibus, acutis, glabris, revolutis. Stamina sinubus limbi
inserta : jilamenta e limbo superne libera, capillaria, gla-
bra, inferne nervis primariis longitudinaliter adnata ! an-
tlierce in tubum coalitae, exserta\ basi calcaribus 2 lineari-
bus, acutis, complanatis, ipsa anthera 4-plo brevioribus or-
natoe, appendice lanceolata mucronata coriacea rigida ter-
minatse. Stylus filiformis, glaber. Stigma bilobum : lobis
lingulatis, truncatis, pruinosis, revolutis. Achenia angusta,
hinc convexa, inde angulata, glabra, 3 — 4 lineas longa.
Pappus capillaris, persistens, rlavicans : radiis triplici cir-
citer serie dispositis, inaequalibus, undique puberulis, apice
penicillatis, semipollicem longis.

An a st u API! I A.

of the Class Composites. 295

Anastrapiiia.

Stamina fauci corollas inserta. Pappi radiis singulo ordine con-
tiguis, complanatis, margine denticulatis, apice simplici.

Involucrum polyphyllum, campanulatum, basi ventricosum, mul-
tiplici serie imbricatum : squamis ovato-lanceolatis, acumi-
natis,adpressis, cartilagineis; ^^';;?/slineari-lanceolatis, tan-
tilm acutis. Peceptaculum nudum. Flosculi numerosissimi,
hermaphroditi, tubulosi : tubo aequali, angulato, coriaceo :
limbo profunde 5-partito : segmentis linearibus, obtusis, re-
volutis, glabris. Stamina fauci infra laciniarum sinum in-
serta : filament a superne libera, capillaria, glabra : antherce
in tubum coalitre, basi aristis 2, simplicibus, laevibus, ipsius
antlierae longitudine munitae, appendice lineari-subulata
apice infiexfi terminatse. Stylus filiformis, glaber. Stigma
exsertum, clavatum,emarginatum, pruinosum. Achenia line-
aria, ancipiti-compressa, sericeo-villosa. Pappus capillaris,
persistens : radiis singulo ordine contiguis, basi solutis,
apice simplici setaceo complanatis, margine denticulatis.

Frutex ramosus, rigidus, sempervirens, cortice cinereo. Rami te-
retes, pube brevissimd cinered obruti, de lapsu foliorum tuber-
culati. Folia omnino Querci Ilicis, alterna,petiolata, elliptica,
margine spinoso-dentata, subreflexa, ac undulata,coriacea, basi
truncatd v. acuta, suprd nuda, viridia, lucida, subtus tomento
brevissimo albo flocculoso dense vestita, exsiccatione venosissima,
costd venisque prominentibus, 2-pollicaria, vix tdtra pollicem
lata. Involucrum campanulatum, extiis tomento flocculoso, bre-
vissimo, cinereo vestitum, bipollicare, diametro unciale. Flos-
culi purpurei, involucro longiores. Anthers semiexserta, alba.
Pappus vix uncialis, sordide cinereus.

Nornen ab avaarpafois revolutus, atque acl limbum flosculi revo-
lutum refert.

vol. xvi. 2q l. A. ilicifolia,

296 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

1. A. ilicifolia.

In America Meridionali. Joannes Fraser. ^ .

From the preceding, Anastraphia is readily distinguished by
the insertion of its stamina and by the structure of its pappus,
the rays of which are disposed in a single series. The specimen
in the Lambertian herbarium was received from the late Mr.
Fraser, but in what part of South America it was collected is
not known.

Pentaphorus.

Stamina limbi sinubus inserta. Pappi racliis setaceo-compla-
natis, serrulatis, multiplici ordine collocatis. Involucrum
5-florum, cylindricum, connivens.

Involucrum oblongum, cylindraceum, polyphyllum, imbricatum:
squamis lanceolatis, acuminatis, coriaceis, adpressis, lanu-
ginosis ; interioribus conniventibus. Receptaculum nudum.
Flosculi 5, tubulosi, hermaphroditi, basin versus sensim
angustati, limbo 5-partiti : segmentis linearibus, apice cras-
siore obtusis, revolutis. Stamina intra limbi lacinias in-
serta : filamenta tantum e sinubus superne libera, capillaria,
glabra : anthene in tubum coalitas, basi bicalcaratee (cal-
caribus linearibus, complanatis, acutis), appendice lanceo-
late, mucronata (mucrone tenui, elongato), coriacea, rigiclA.
coronata3. Stylus filiformis, glaber. Stigma bilobum : lobis
lingulatis, pruinosis, recurvis. Achenia trigona, dense vil-
losa. Pappus persistens : radiis setaceis, complanatis, te-
nuissime serrulatis, mucronulatis, ina?qualibus, multiplici
ordine collocatis ; intimis latioribus.

Frutex procumbens f ramosissimus, diffusus. Rami teretes, cor-
tice kevi, fusco vestiti. Ramuli rloriferi conferti, brevissimi,
foliosi, pubescentes, semunciales. Folia allerna, sessilia, vi.v
ilia Buxi magnitudine adcequantia, obovata, mucronulata, in-

tcgerrima,

of the Class Composite. 297

tcgerrima, coriacea, basi attenuate, utrinque punctis pariim
elevatis, resinosis, et pube brevissimd cincrea copiose instructa,
subtus obsolete trinervia. Flores in apice ramulorum scepius 5,
rarius 3 v. 7, brevissime pedicellati. Involucrum semipotticis
loiigitudine. Flosculi purpurei. Pappus cinereus.

Nomen e vocibus greeds irzvTt quinque, et fapco porto, composi-
tum.

Genus a praecedente distinctissimum pappi radiis multiplied
ordine dispositis, atque involucro connivente, 5-floro, unde
nomen.

1. P. foliolosus.

In Chili. Caldcleugh. h .

ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

After Trixis corymbosa, p. 188, insert the three following

Species.

T. glabra, foliis petiolatis ovato-oblongis mucronulatis integer-
rimis glabris, panicula. folios^.
In Mexico prope Laguna Verde. Schiede et Deppe. *? .
Floret Martio.

Caulis fruticosus, ramosissimus, laevis. Rami diftusi, cylindrici,
glabri. Folia alterna, petiolata, ovato-oblonga, mucro-
nulata, integerrima, membranacea, utrinque glaberrima,
subttis reticulata, basi rotundata, sesquiuncialia. Panicula
foliosa, multiflora. Bracteola subsolitarioe, lineares, acutae,
involucro duplo breviores. Involucrum 8-phyllum : foliolis
linearibus, acutis, pubescentibus, erectis, simplici serie di-

2 q 2 gestis.

298 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

gestis. Receptaculum dense pilosum. Flosculi 8, herma-
phroditi, bilabiati, lutei ; labio exteriore ligulato, tridentato ;
interiore bipartito, revoluto. Antherce appendicula lineari
obtusiuscula elone;ata cartilaoinea terminate, basi bisetosae :
setis longis, simplicibus, attenuatis. Stigmata soluta, trun-
cata, apice minute papillosa. Achenia angusta, angulata,
papilloso-scabra : disco epigyno dilatato. Pappus capillaris,
denticulato-scaber, cinereo-fulvellus.

T. salicifolia, foliis elongato-lanceolatis acuminatis denticulatis
subtus tomentosis basi auriculatis, involucris multibracteo
latis pedunculisque glanduloso-pubescentibus.
In Brasilia. Sello. ^ .

Caulis fruticosus, diffuse ramosissimus, teres, striatus. Rami
hirsuti. Folia alterna, sessilia, elongato-lanceolata, acu-
minata, membranacea, margine denticulis plurimis sub-
setaceis ornata, supra hirsuta, subtus cinereo-tomentosa,
basi attenuata et auriculata, 4—5 pollices longa, 10 lineas
lata. Panicula ramosissima, divaricata. Pedunculi teretes,
dense glanduloso-pubescentes. Involucrum 8— 10-phyllum,
basi bracteolis 5 v. 7, lineari-lanceolatis, acuminatis, patulis
munitum : squamis lineari-lanceolatis, acuminatis, membra-
naceis, leviter carinatis, pube copios& glandulisque inter-
mixta vestitis. Receptaculum dense pilosum. Flosculi plures
(10 — 12) hermaphroditi, bilabiati, eequales : fauce tubo
angusto 5-angulo longiore, dilatata, intus villosa : labiis
brevioribus ; exteriore ligulato, acute tridentato ; interiore
bipartito, revoluto: segmentis lanceolato-linearibus, obtu-
siusculis. Filamenta membranacea, canaliculata, glabra.
Antherce appendicula. lineari-lanceolata obtusa subfalcata
coronatse, basi setis 2 simplicibus longis instructs? . Stig-
mata recurvata, apice truncata, minute papillosa. Achenia

undique

of the Class Composita. 299

undique papilloso-scabra : disco epigyno dilatato, concavi-
usculo. Pappus capillaris, tlavicans.

T. mollissima, foliis petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis ser-
ratis basi attenuates utrinque sericeo-villosissimis.
In Brasilia. Scllo. ij .

Frutex erectus, ramosissimus. Rami teretes, undique tomen-
tosi. Folia alterna, petiolata, ovato-lanceolata, acuminata,
serrata, basi acuta, penninervia, utrinque sericeo-villosis-
sima, supra, demum viridia, 4-pollicaria. Flores diffuse
corymboso-paniculati. Bractece lanceolate, acuta?, inte-
gerrimee. Involucrum duplici ordine polyphyllum : foliolis
lanceolatis, acuminatis, sericeo-villosissimis ; interioribus an-
gustioribus. Receptaculum dense pilosum. Flosculi plures,
hermaphroditi, bilabiati ; labio exteriore ligulato, tridenti-
culato, 4-nervio ; interiore bipartite, revoluto : segrnentis
lanceolatis, acuminatis, binerviis. Anthera. appendicular
lineari, obtusa breviore cartilaginea coronatas, basi bise-
tosoa : setis compressis, vix attenuatis. Achenia subpen-
tagona, undique copiose papilloso-glandulosa : disco epi-
gyno dilatato, concavo. Pappus capillaris, denticulato-
scaber, cinereo-fulvellus.

Trixis divaricata, p. 190.

The flowers of this species are most probably entirely white,
although in the dried state they have assumed a yellow colour.
This species, as well as cacaloides, have been already referred to
Trixis by Sprengel.

After Jungia spectabilis, p. 227, insert

3. J . pyramidalis, foliorum lobis obtusis pubescentibus, stipulis

maximis,

300 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

maximis, panicula ampld terminali, corolla; labio exteriore
tridenticulato.
In Brasilia^ ad ripas fluminis La Plata. Sello. tj .

P/anta pube brevissima dense vestita, rubiginosa. Caulis levi-
ter angulatus, crassitie digiti minoris. Folia alterna petio-
lata, subrotundo-cordata, 7-loba, 5-nervia, supra planius-
cula, punctis minutissimis granulosa, subttis reticulato-
venosissima, varicosa, latitudine 2 — 3-uncialia : lobis ob-
tusis, brevibus, grosse inrequaliterque dentatis, margine
paululum revolutis. Petioli teretes, 2 — 3-pollicares, basi
dilatata, concava. Stipulce 2, maxima;, foliacere, lobato-
dentatae, sessiles, basi parum angustatae, 5-nerviae, reticu-
lato-venosissimae, pollicares v. sesquipollicares. Panicula
terminalis, ampla, laxa, tripedalis : ramis elongatis, multi-
rloris. Pedicelli filiformes, dense pubescentes. Bracteolce
lanceolate, acuminata;, dentatre ; ultimis integerrimis. In-
volucra simplici ordine polyphylla : foliolis lanceolatis,
acuminatis, membranaceis, striatis, pubescentibus. Palece
foliolis involucri conformes, lanceolatae, acuminata;, mem-
branaceae, concavoe, striata;, margine scariosa;. Flosculi
10 circiter, albi, bilabiati, hermaphroditi ; labio exteriore
ligulato, revoluto, 4-nervio, obtuse tridenticulato, tubo bre-
viore ; interiore bipartito, spiraliter revoluto : segmentis line-
aribus, obtusis, binerviis, adprimum margine conglutinatis.
Filamenta capillaria, glabra. Antherce coalita;, appendicular
lineari, falcatd acutiuscula cartilagine<l coronatse, basi bi-
dentatee : dentibus lineari-lanceolatis, acutis. Stylus capil-
lars. Stigmata soluta, semicylindrica, recurvata, apice
dilatato, truncato, minute papilloso. Achcnia anguste fu-
siformia, sulcata, minute papillosa : disco epigi/no dilatato,
planiusculo. Pappus cinereus : radiis plurimis (28) ele-

ganter

of the Class Composite. 301

ganter plumosis, simplici ordine digestis, im& basi con-
natis, patentibus, tequalibus.

Puoselia, p. 234.
Two new species of this genus have been discovered by
Dr. Gillies, of which he has had the kindness to favour me
with specimens. The rays of the pappus in these are disposed
in a double series.

Tyeloma, p. 238.
The flowers in the specimen of Tylloma timbatum which I had
to examine being hardly sufficiently advanced to admit of my
ascertaining their structure with perfect accuracy, I beg to sub-
join the following amendments of the character and description
from an inspection of more complete specimens, for which I am
indebted to the liberality of Dr. Gillies.

Flosculi radii foeminei, bilabiati ; labio interiore brevissimo, erecto,
bifido. Pappus capillaris : radiis simplici ordine digestis.

Flosculi radii numerosi (18—20) bilabiati, foeminei, staminibus
sterilibus ; labio exterior e amplo, ligulato, obtuse tridenticu-
lato, patulo, 4-nervio, subtus sericeo-villosissimo, nervis
lateralibus longe intramarginalibus simplicibus, intermediis
superne bifurcatis, ramis apice confluentibus ; interiore lan-
ceolato, acuminato, erecto, bifido, brevissimo ; disci her-
maphroditi, tubulosi, bilabiati : labiis ereetis, abbreviatis ;
exterior e obtuse tridentato ; interiore bilobo.

Obs.— Hujus flosculi aurei, nee rosei, radio semipollicari. In
alterd specie ab amicissimo D. Gillies lecta flosculi albi ;
radii 10, foeminei, absque sterilium rudimentis ; labio exte-
riore ligulato, acute tridentato ; interiore brevissimo, bipar-
tite, laciniis linearibus, acutis, ereetis, inaequalibus.

Diazeuxis !

302 Mr. D. Don's Descriptions of new Genera and Species

Diazeuxis? serrata, p. 254.

In a collection of dried plants, which Mr. Lambert lately
received from Messrs. Schiede and Deppe, is a specimen in
flower of this plant, which proves to be a genus akin to Serra-
tula ; and it is therefore to be expunged from Diazeuxis, to
which it had been referred from habit alone, and the following
inserted in its place.

2. D. latifolia, foliis lanceolatis acuminatis triplinerviis basi at-
tenuatis, involucri squamis ovato-lanceolatis, pappi foemi-
nei radiis fasciculatis.
Ad Caracas. D. Fanning. ^ •

Pra?cedenti proxima. Rami angulati, sulcati, undique lana.
fu^aci vestiti. Folia brevissime petiolata, late lanceolata
v. elliptico-oblonga, acuminata, triplinervia, coriacea, basi
attenuata, margine angustissimo, reflexo, denticulato, supra
nuda, polita, viridia, subtus lanaimplexa copiosissima nivea
tecta, spithamaea, 2 pollices lata. Involucra fceminea sphae-
roidea : squamis ovato-lanceolatis, mucronatis, coriaceis,
adpresse imbricatis, extus lanuginosis, obsolete striatis.
Flosculi fozminei filiformes, limbo 5-fidi : laciniis linearibus,
obtusiusculis. Stigmata lingulata, laevia. Pappi radiis co-
piosissimis, fasciculatis, apice penicillatis, cinereis.

Mutisia, p. 260.
I oua-ht to have added to my remarks on this genus, that the
presence or absence of appendages to the scales of the invo-
lucrum is a character of specific importance only, as may be
seen by a comparison of species intimately allied, such as Mu-
tisia Clematis and lanata, and M. inflexa and linearifolia. I have
now satisfied myself as to the identity of Mutisia grandiflora of
Humboldt and Bonpland with the M. Clematis of Linnaeus, from

the

of the Class Composites. 303

the examination of another and very perfect specimen of the
latter species in the herbarium of the younger Linnaeus, now
incorporated with that of Sir James Edward Smith.

a

Mutisia vicicefolia, p. 36*3.
The specimens of this species from Cavanilles, as well as from
Ruiz and Pavon, are marked on the tickets as being from Peru ;
but it is stated by Cavanilles in his Jcones Plantarum as being
native of Valparaiso in Chile. Should this information be incor-
rect, and the plant really proves to be a native of Peru, the M.
acuminata may ultimately be found to be identically the same.

Mutisia sinuaia, p. 2G7.
From a specimen I have received from Dr. Gillies, the rays
appear to be of a pale pink, almost approaching to white. The
broad base of the leaves, and the continuous wings of the stalks,
sufficiently distinguish the M. subspinosa from this species, al-
though Dr. Hooker has proposed to unite them. I have also a
specimen of this from Dr. Gillies. The rays of M. subspinosa are

bright yellow.

Mutisia linearifolia, p. 272.

I have specimens of this from Dr. Gillies marked M. rigida,
nov. s/).? The exterior scales of the involucrum are furnished
with a short abrupt point. I have referred to this species, with
a mark of doubt, the M. linifolia of Dr. Hooker, which, however,
turns out to be a very distinct plant, as I find from examining a
specimen with which Dr. Gillies has favoured me. It differs in
having perfectly flat leaves, and the exterior scales of the in-
volucrum ovate and acuminate.

[The continuation of this Paper will be given in a future Part of the Transactions.]

vol. xvi. 2 k XVII. On

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