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FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL

TREES, SHRUBS,

; Cultivated and for Sale by

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Tadmor, 0., Garmi, Ills., and Burlington, Kas,

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President of Miami Valley Nurserymen’s Association, 1883.

President of American Association of Nurserymen, Florists, and Seedsmen of U. 8, and Canada, 1881.

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DES@ime MVE CAVALOGUE

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FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL

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“Oligo, INUnseries, ’”

TADMOR, OHIO, CARMI, ILLINOIS, AND BURLINGTON, KANSAS.

Las N. H. ALBAUGH & CO.

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wT ~~ OF FW ASH NY yy, DAYTON, OHIO: JOURNAL BOOK AND JOB PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT. 1883.

ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS, IN THE YBAR 1883, BY Mramr Vatury NursberyMEN’s ASSOCIATION,

IN THE OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, AT WASHINGTON, D. C.

PE ErRODWCTORY:

Having now reached the twenty-fifth year in our business, at one location, we feel flattered with the liberal patronage ex- tended to us, and with our success in the past, and our prospects for continued patronage in the future.

We aim to cultivate all the old, reliable varieties, and the most deserving and promising among the new.

Our stock is large and well grown, and we shall continue to endeavor to please all, by the grade of our goods and the manner of conducting our business; always recognizing the fact that a well-grown, first-class tree is cheap at double the price of an ill- shaped, ungainly one.

In addition to our extensive grounds at Tadmor, we have also made considerable plantations at our western branches, thus giving us the advantage of the different climates and locations in testing different varieties.

Extra care is taken in packing, so that goods may reach the planter in the best possible condition. Persons unacquainted with the different varieties, and their adaptability to different soils and situations, will do well to leave the selection largely to us.

Salesmen operating from our nurseries are provided with cer- tificates, showing that they are authorized to represent our stock. These certificates expire with each planting season, and are re- newed to date, for those continuing in our employ. We aim to grant certificates only to those who we believe will be a credit to the profession, and advance the general interests of horticul- ture.

N. H. ALBAUGH & CO.

SELECTION OF TREES AND PLANTS.

In making a selection of trees and plants for the orchard or garden, the primary object is good and sufficient roots to insure safety in transplanting. To encourage the growth and perpetuate varieties, is the province of the nursery—the province of the garden and orchard is to shape the tree and to produce the fruit. Our observations of the best ages and sizes of trees and plants intended for transplanting, leads us, as a rule, to choose those as young as possible, consistent with well developed roots. The tree should also be of sufficient height when transplanted for the formation of a top. In transplanting a tree of this age and size, all branches which may have appeared should be pruned away, and the top cut back to the height desired for the formation of a new head. It isa prevalent desire to procure trees from the nurseries with heads already formed; a desire in the main unrea- sonable and impossible to realize. Once having determined to plant, an impatience for fruit often takes the place of the better judgment in the selec-

tion. The tree must first be formed and fostered until it has reached a’

mature growth or age before it can be expected to yield its fruit, and it should be encouraged to reach this maturity without stint or shock to its healthy growth. ‘To transplant a fruit tree at the age of four or five years, we necessarily impair its vigor and vitality.

APPLE TREES

Are usually propagated by grafting, and at two or three years’ growth from the graft are in the best condition to transplant, if the growth has been ordinarily vigorous. At this age, the roots are undoubtedly in a better condition to transplant than at any other period—they are less liable to mutilation in removal, and accommodate themselves to new situations with more alacrity than when they become older and firmer.

PEARS, PLUMS AND CHERRIES

Are usually propagated by budding in the nursery rows. If they have made sufficient growth at one year for the formation of a top, we would recom- mend that age for their removal; but in order to meet partly the popular notion for older trees, two year olds are usually advised.

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PEACHES

Are propagated by budding, and the only proper age for transplanting them is at one year from bud. These, with ordinary culture and care, make a growth tall enough to accomodate the advocates of both low and high heads.

QUINCES

Are propagated from cuttings or layers, and require from two to three years to bring them to suitable size for the convenience of the orchardist.

GRAPES

Are usually cultivated from cuttings or layers. These are in best condition to transplant at one year old, if well furnished with roots.

RASPBERRIES AND BLACKBERRIES

Are propagated by suckers, from tips of the branches or pieces of roots. The last two methods produce the best plants, which should always be transplanted at one year old.

CURRANTS AND GOOSEBERRIES

Are propagated by cuttings, and at one year old, if properly treated, are in good condition to transplant.

STRAWBERRIES

Propagate themselves by runners, and should always be transplanted at one year.

For ornamental trees and shrubs, and all other plants, the earliest period at which their roots become sufficiently developed to promise safety in transplanting, decides the proper and timely condition.

HINTS ON TRANSPLANTING, EIC. THE SOIL. Let the soil be in the condition, and prepared in the manner necessary to produce a good crop of potatoes or other hoed crops. PRUNING.

The object of pruning is to regulate the shape of the tree, and the proper time to commence is at the planting. If small trees are bought, as recom- mended, all the branches should be cut off, and the tree then cut back to

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the height at which the head is desired. If larger trees are chosen, upon which the top is already formed, the planter must content himself to cut back the branches only in proportion to the loss of roots in taking them up. All bruised and broken roots should have their ends trimmed smoothly with a sharp knife.

PLANTING.

If the soil has been well prepared, a hole should be dug out only large enough to admit the roots in their natural position, and a depth not greater than they formerly grew in the nursery. The earth to fill in and about the roots should be well pulverized, that it may be worked thoroughly among the roots with the hands; when nearly filled up, enough water should be poured in to settle the earth firmly about the roots; when the water has sunk away, the work of filling up the hole is completed with dry soil, to prevent baking. This system obviates the viscious plan of tramping in trees with the feet. If planted in the Fall, amound from six to eight inches high should be thrown up about the tree to add to its security against frost and surplus water. In the Spring the mound should be removed. No manure.should be placed near the roots of a tree or plant in planting.

MULCHING.

Newly planted trees are much benefited by mulching, if they do not have careful cultivation. Mulching consists in covering the ground about the tree beyond the extension of the roots with tan-bark, coarse manure or litter, to the depth of six or eight inches. This preserves an even temperature, and a uniform supply of moisture about the roots.

AFTER CULTURE.

Corn is believed to be the most appropriate crop in which to cultivate newly planted orchards. Beside the advantage of the frequent stirring of the soil, the additional one of shade, in the most trying parts of Summer, is supplied. After the first season, any of the hoed crops are recommended.

FROZEN TREES, &ce.

If trees come to hand in freezing weather, place the packages unopened in a cellar, away from heat and frost, until thawed, when they may be unpacked. If the roots are dry from too long exposure, place them in water for twelve to twenty-four hours, or cover the trees entirely in loose, mellow soil, for two or three days, taking care that they are not left so long as to start growth too much,

8 COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT KINDS.

It is a very advisable plan to combine in this way the apple with other fruits. Alternate rows and alternate trees are planted with peaches, pears, plums and cherries, and this can be carried still further by the introduction of raspberries, currants, gooseberries and strawberries, in alternate rows, so that the whole ground is devoted to fruit. By this combination the land is made to yield a succession of paying fruit crops, from the second year of plartting.

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RULE FOR ASCERTAINING THE NUMBER OF PLANTS REQUIRED FOR ONE AcrRE oF LAND wHiIcH ContTArINsS 43,560 Square FEer.

Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by the distance the plants are apart in the row, and the product will be the number of square feet for each plant or hill which divided into the number of feet in an acre, will show how many plants or hills the acre will contain, thus:

iBlackbenrniesmacemceeeeneeret 8 feet by 3 = 24) 43,560 ( 1,815 Plants, Raspberries neers srl 7 as 3 = 21) 43,560 ( 2,074 “ Sie VOANAes SoSohoodacnancss Wo a) ( 8,712 oe Straw bernieshareneeeee eine 3 coe alG ing 4) eon) GLONSOO ane. Dwaribearstee ene neeeroe 10 15 5 110) =O) ( 435 Trees. Peachesicnmaricitciserelsceietrrs 18 18. ==324)" fh Ge S Ate Standard Pears and Cherries .20 £20) ==400) 2 1) OR aera IAPDIES wis. eects seracioweeetes 30 oS a) SOOT St AST AS And so on for, any distance which inay be desirable to plant.

eo ted Bnd:

The Apple is undoubtedly the most valuable as well as the most widely known of the whole family of fruits. It will flourish in a great variety of soils, not too wei, if occasionally supplied with lime. Plant 30 feet apart each way, requiring 48 trees peracre. Fill in the rows and between them with small fruits, so that the ground shall yield a profit while the trees are growing to a suitable size for bearing fruit.

Dwarr TREES are budded on the Paradise and Doucin stocks, and may be planted at one or two years from the bud or graft, and will generally come into bearing the second year after planting.

SUMMER VARIETIES.

Benoni—Below medium; striped and shaded with crimson ; juicy, tender, pleasant, sub-acid. Tree vigorous and upright. August.

Chenango Strawberry—Medium size ; oblong, strawberry color, mot- tled with yellow; tree vigorous and productive. August and September.

Duchess of Oldenburg—A large, beautiful Russian Apple; roundish, streaked red and yellow; tender, juicy, and pleasant. A kitchen apple of best quality, and esteemed by many for dessert. Tree a vigorous, fine grower, and young and abundant bearer. September. Succeeds well in the north-west, where most varieties fail.

Early Harvest (Yellow Harvest)—Medium to large; pale yellow; ten- der, with a mild fine flavor. Tree a moderate, erect grower, and a good bearer; a beautiful and excellent variety for both orchard and garden. Middle to end of August.

Fourth of July—Mediun, light yellow, striped, splashed with red. Early bearer, very hardy; upright, strong grower. July.

High Top Sweet—Mediun, greenish yellow, sweet, very good; im- mensely productive and hardy, superb grower. July.

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Keswick Codling—Above medium; greenish yellow, with a faint blush; juicy, with a pleasant acid flavor, fine for cooking, and a good bearer. Tree a good grower and hardy.

Red Astrachan—Large, roundish; nearly covered with deep crimson, with a pale, white bloom, very beautiful; flesh white, crisp, rather juicy, acid, and good. Tree vigorous, erect, and productive. August.

Sops of Wime (Homony)—Medium size, oblong; dark crimson, flesh stained with red; juicy, sub-acid. Tree a fine grower, distinct, and quite productive. August and September.

Summer Rambo (Western Beauty, Large Rambo, etc.)—Large to very large; skin pale yellow, covered with red; flesh light yellow, tender, juicy; flavor first rate; tree a strong grower, productive. August.

Summer Queen—Large, striped with red; rich and fine flavored ; vigor- ous, spreading; continues a long time in season.

Trenton Early—Large, yellowish white; sub-acid, excellent for dessert and kitchen ; tree a vigorous, upright grower, productive. August.

Tetofsky—A Russian summer apple, sometimes called ‘‘ Russian Crab,” a name doubtless given it on account of its hardiness and early bearing qualities. It withstands the most rigorous climate, and produces annual crops of handsome fruit, frequently bearing in the nursery rows at the age of two and three years. The flesh is white and juicy, sprightly, sub- acid, fragrant, and agreeable. Ripens in August.

AUTUMN VARIETIES.

Autumm Strawberry—Medium; brightly striped, sub-acid; hardy, handsome tree; productive. September and October.

Alexander—Origin Russian. A very large and beautiful deep red or crimson apple, of medium quality. Tree very hardy, a moderate grower and rather a light bearer. September and October.

Bailey Sweet—Large; yellowish, mostly striped with red; tender, with a honeyed, sweet flavor. Tree hardy, vigorous, and productive. No- vember to March. :

Colvert—Large, flat, yellowish green and brown, fine for cooking and market. Tree hardy, beautiful and productive ; a favorite North. Octo- ber and November.

Fall Queen (Buckingham)—Large; pale purplish red, striped, sub-acid ; dessert and kitchen. Tree vigorous and upright. October and December. Fameuse—Medium ; striped and blotched with red; flesh remarkably

white, very tender, juicy, with a slight perfume. Tree moderately vig- orous. October and November.

Gravensteim—Large; yellow, partially covered with scarlet; sub-acid, aromatic; dessert and kitchen.

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Haas (Gros Pommier)—Medium to large, slightly conical and somewhat ribbed; pale greenish yellow, shaded and striped with red; flesh fine, white, sometimes stained, tender, juicy, sub-acid, good. Tree vigorous and hardy; upright grower, with well-formed head; bears early and abundantly. Originated near St. Louis, Missouri, and very popular in

the west and north-west. September to November. e

Holland Pippin—Very large, greenish yellow ; flesh tender, juicy, and of excellent flavor, somewhat similar to Fall Pippin, but is quite supe- rior to it in point of productiveness; handsome, and one of our best cooking apples; tree a fine grower, hardy, and immensely productive. October and November.

Maiden’s Blush—Large; beautiful, pale waxen yellow, blushed with brilliant crimson; acid, aromatic; an early, regular bearer, very produc- tive. Tree vigorous and hardy; very popular. August to October.

Rambo—Medium size; streaked and mottled yellow and red; tender, juicy, mild flavored. Tree a good grower and bearer. A widely culti- vated and esteemed old variety. October to December.

Red Winter Pearmain (Lady Finger, Buncombe)—Medium size; yellowish white, mostly shaded with maroon; tender, juicy, mild, sub- acid. Tree a good grower and regular bearer; very popular. Late fall and early winter.

St. Lawrence—Large; yellowish, striped and splashed with carmine; flesh white, lightly stained, crisp, tender, vinous. Tree vigorous, up- right. September, October.

Twenty Ounce Pippim—Very large; greenish yellow, boldly splashed and marbled with stripes of purplish red; brisk, sub-acid, showy. Octo-

ber and December.

WINTER APPLES.

American Golden Russet (Bullock’s Pippin, Sheep Nose)—Medium or small, roundish ovate; clear golden russet; very tender, juicy, rich; more resembles in texture a buttery pear than an apple. A thrifty, up- right grower; good bearer. November to December.

Ben Davis (New York Pippin, Kentucky Streak, etc.)—Large, smooth, often polished, nearly covered with red; sub-acid; one of the most profitable market fruits. Tree remarkably healthy and vigorous, pro- ductive, and bears early. December to February.

Baldwin—Large ; nearly covered with deep red, flesh yellow; juicy, sub- acid, rich. One of the leading popular market fruits. October to Feb- ruary.

Clayton—Large, conical, flattened, regular, red with darker stripes, flesh yellow, breaking, sub-acid, good, a very valuable market sort. Tree a strong grower, long-lived, good bearer. December to April.

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The’'Clermont Apple. Full medium to large,‘globular, oblate, somewhat irregular; axis inclined.

SurracE—Smooth, except where the russet prevails; rich, orange yellow at maturity; rim russet in some, with more or less brown russet about the base; dots rather abundant, small, indented.

Basin—Abrupt, deep, wavy; eye open, segments short.

Caviry—Medium depth, wavy, much russetted; stem rather short.

Axis—Somewhat inclined; core small, closed, meeting the eye; seeds few, plump, medium, wide, brown, many imperfect.

Fieso—Firm till fully ripe, fine grained, rich, yellow, sufficiently juicy, mild, sub-acid, rich, very good.

Srason—May be used at any time during the winter, but the fruit is rather firm for dessert until February and March. Keeps till June.

In general appearance this Apple may be mistaken for the Yellow New- town Pippin. Tree hardy. Origin Clermont County, Ohio.

Donmaimie (Wells)—Medium; greenish yellow, with splashes of bright red ; sprightly, pleasant flavor. December to April.

Flory (Flory’s Bellflower)—Medium to large; rich yellow; tender, sub- acid, Tree a remarkable fine grower, hardy, and an abundant bearer. November to December.

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Fallawater (Fornwalder, Tulpehocken)—Very large, globular; yellowish green, dull red cheek; juicy, crisp, pleasant, sub-acid flavor. Tree a strong grower, very productive even while young. November to March.

Grimes’ Gelden—Mediun ; yellow; flavor sub-acid, aromatic, and rich ;

quality best. Tree is a handsome grower and bears early. January to March.

King of Tompkins County—Large; handsome yellow, covered with deep red; flavor sub-acid, aromatic. Tree vigorous, spreading, and healthy. December to February.

Large Striped Pearman (McAfee’s Nonesuch, Missouri, Keeper, Parks’ Keeper, etc.)—Large; yellow, striped, splashed and shaded with red; flavor mild, rich, and pleasant, scarcely sub-acid, very good. A valuable market apple. Tree hardy, vigorous, and productive, Decem- ber to February.

Lawver—Fhis beautiful Apple promises to become one of the most profita- ble sorts for market. Its large size and great beauty at once attracts attention. Tree vigorous and hardy; color brilliant red ; flavor moderate ; keeps well till April.

London Sweet (Heikes’ Winter Sweet)—Large ; always fair, pale yellow; flavor very sweet. Tree vigorous, upright, and very productive. De- cember to February.

Milam-—Small; covered with marble red, indistinct stripes; flavor mild, sub-acid. Tree hardy, handsome, and very productive. December and January.

Mann—Medium to large; conical, greenish yellow; flesh crisp, tender, mild; tree a strong, upright grower; productive. Keeps till July.

Missouri Pippin—Large, oblong, bright red, with numerous gray dots, very handsome and of fair quality ; an early and very abundant bearer, and very profitable orchard fruit. December to April.

Nickajack—Large; striped, shaded, and splashed with two shades of red; compact, moderately tender and juicy, mild, sub-acid. Tree vigor- ous, upright, spreading. Valuable for its hardihood and productive- ness. December to April.

Northern Spy—tLarge, roundish, slightly conical, somewhat ribbed; striped, with the sunny side nearly covered with purplish red. Flesh white and tender, with a mild, sub-acid, rich, and delicious flavor; in perfection in January and keeps till June. The tree is a strong, up- right grower, and forms very compact; should be kept open by pruning, so as to admit the air and light freely.

Paradise Winter Sweet—Large; yellowish white, blushing in the

sun; flavor very sweet; quality excellent. Tree vigorous, upright, and productive. December.

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Piumb’s Cider—Very hardy, vigorous, and productive; large, oval, striped; tender, juicy, sub-tart. October to January. This variety proves of most value in the extreme north.

Pewaukee —A seedling from Duchess of Oldenburg. Fruit medium to large; round, obvate, waved; surface bright yellow, partially covered with dark red, striped, and splashed, covered with a gray bloom, and overspread with whitish dots; cavity small, basin shallow and slightly fluted; calyx rather large; stem variable in length, with a fleshy sub- stance on one side from one-half to one inch long, core small; flesh yel- lowish white, breaking, juicy ; flavor sub-acid, rich, aromatic, spicy, some- thing like Jonathan; quality good to best. Tree strong grower and!very — hardy. January to June. New.

Rawle’s Janet (Jeniton Never Fail)—Medium; mixed and striped crim- son on yellow and green; flavor sub-acid, vinous and refreshing. Popu- lar as a market fruit on account of its regular and abundant yield. The blossoms appear later than any other sorts, and thus they sometimes escape spring frosts. February to April.

Rome Beauty (Gillett’s Seedling)—Fruit large, roundish; skin yellow, nearly covered with stripes and shades of bright red; flesh yellow, juicy, crisp, sub-acid. Tree moderate grower. October to December.

Roxbury Russet—Large; surface overspread with heavy brown russet; flesh greenish yellow; flavor acid. Popular for market. Tree robust and spreading. December to February.

Shockley—Medium; marbled and blushed with scarlet and crimson; flavor mildly sub-acid, agreeable. A good keeper. Tree vigorous and productive. March to June.

Stark—Large; nearly covered with red; flavor mild, sub-acid. Valued as along keeper. Tree vigorous and upright. January to May.

Sweet Pippin—(Winter Sweet)—Large; greenish yellow; juicy and _ sweet. Tree hardy, a vigorous, upright grower, prodigiously productive. October to January.

Smith’s Cider—Large, handsome, red, and yellow; juicy, acid; quality medium; a fine grower and bearer; succeeds well in the South and West. November to February.

Talman’s Sweet—Above medium; whitish yellow, with a soft blush on one side; rather firm, fine grained, with a rich, sweet flavor. Tree an upright, spreading grower, hardy, and productive. November to April.

Wagener—Fruit medium size, flattened; skin light yellow, shaded with red; flesh firm, sub-acid, with an excellent flavor. Tree thrifty, very upright, and an early bearer. November to February.

Walbridge—Medium size; striped with red, handsome, and of excellent quality. Vigorous grower and productive. Very hardy, and considered of great value in the North and North-west. March to June.

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Wine Sap—Medium; fine dark red; flesh yellow, crisp, with a rich, high flavor. Tree hardy, and one of the most profitable market fruits. No- vember to May.

White Pippin—Large; greenish white, pale yellow at maturity ; tender, juicy, crisp, and rich flavored. Tree thrifty, upright, a regular good bearer. January to March,

Wealthy—Originated near St. Paul, Minnesota. Fruit medium; roundish ; skin smooth, oily, mostly covered with dark red; flesh white, fine, juicy, vinous, sub-acid, very good. Tree very hardy, a free grower and produc- tive. An acquisition of much value, on account of its great hardiness and good quality. December to February.

Yellow Bellflower—Large ; yellow, sometimes blushed, acid, very rich; one of the most popular culinary apples, but not a reliable bearer. No- vember to January. North of thirty-eight degrees.

DWARF APPLES.

Tue Dwarr APPLE is worked upon imported Paradise stocks, and most sorts succeed equally well. They usually come into bearing the second or third year after planting, and are found both valuable and ornamental for planting in gardens and small lots where Standard trees are not wanted.

Red Astrachan, ’ Baldwin,

Early Harvest, Northern Spy, Flory, Rome Beauty, Duchess of Oldenburg, Maiden’s Blush,

Holland Pippin.

HARDY AND IMPROVED SIBERIAN APPLES.

The varieties of Siberian Crab Apples (Pyrus Baccata) have heretofore been mainly valued for their handsome flowers and the beautiful appears ance of the tree when loaded with fruit.

Within the past few years, however, considerable attention has been given to their cultivation by fruit growers in our western and north-western States, because of the superior hardihood of the trees. Large numbers of seedlings have been grown, some bearing full evidence of the paternity of the Pyrus Baccata, others possessing more or less of the Pyrus Malus, apparent more in the face and improved quality of the fruit, than in the habit of the trees. They are all valuabie for cider, preserves, and cooking, and some of the im- proved varieties, more truly, perhaps, Siberian Apples, are quite pleasant, and rich for dessert. The great hardihood of the trees, and their produc- tiveness, make them highly valuable for sections where the better varieties

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of the Pyrus Malus do not succeed. In the description of these varieties the terms “medium, large or small,”’ must be considered as applied in com- parison with the Siberian Crab.—From Downing’s Fruit and Fruit Trees of America.

They are the most profitable apples that can be grown for market, com- ing into bearing very early—frequently in two years from bud--bearing every year, and the fruit meeting with ready sale at from $10 to $16 per bar- rel. Some of the varieties are not only good for culinary purposes, but are especially desirable for table use on account of their beautiful appearance, their delicate texture, and their delicious flavor.

They combine two qualities, which have never before been met with together, viz: Extreme hardiness (being able to resist severe cold as well as the forest trees), and fruit of such superior quality, that even in the markets of large cities, where fruits of all kinds are in abundance, they sell at high prices, with a brisk demand.

The cost of an orchard of sufficient size to supply the wants of a family, is often exceeded by the amount spent annually to obtain a supply of fruit for home consumption. The early age at which they bear good crops enables them to repay their whole cost before the standard varieties of apples come into bearing.

There are several points to which we wish to call particular attention, and on which we base our recommendation of these hardy fruits for general cultivation :

Ist. They can be planted on any kind of soil, and in the most exposed situations with perfect safety.

2d. They will stand the severity of the changes of the coldest weather.

3d, They come into bearing very early, often in the second year from plantiug, and bear every year.

4th. They are very productive, bearing large crops of beautiful fruit.

5th. They are unequaled for cider or vinegar. __

6th Some of them are pre-eminently dessert fruits, being of superior quality, and strikingly handsome.

7th. They can be dried, cooked, canned, or preserved with the skin on, saving a great amount of trouble.

8th. The size of the fruit varies from one and ane-half to two and one-half: inches in diameter, being large enough to quarter and core, for drying, etc.

The following are the most valuable varieties:

Lady Elgim—Large for a Siberian; whitish yellow, colored with red; tender, juicy, slightly acid or vinous flavor; a pleasant eating fruit, and said to be excellent for canning. September and October.

Maremngo—Large size; deep red, with a rich bloom on a yellow ground; flesh yellowish white, crisp, juicy, with a pleasant sub-acid flavor; tree equally hardy with other crabs; chiefly valuable on account of its keep- ing qualities. In season from early Winter to late Spring; a good grower, and a young and abundant bearer.

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Montreal Beauty--Fruit large; bright yellow, mostly covered and shaded with rich red; one of the most beautiful of all crabs in appear- ance. Flesh yellowish, rich, firm an@acid. Very good. October and November.

Accubifolia—Large, yellow, with a nice red cheek. This is one of the largest and finest of our new varieties. Sub-acid; good for eating.

Brier’s Sweet—Tree strong, irregular grower; dark wood; fruit large, round, pale yellow, with stripes; showy; very rich sweet. September 1st.

Hyslop—aAlmost as large as early Strawberry Apple. Deep crimson. Very popular on account of its large size, beauty and hardiness. Keeps. well into the winter.

Quaker Beauty—Large; golden yellow, with a rich crimson red cheek in the sun, covered with a delicate white bloom; sub-acid. Early autumn.

Soulard—tThe largest of this class of Apples; very valualile as a cooking apple; sour and astringent as an eating Apple, but has, when cooked, a fine quince-like flavor; color green, becoming yellow in the spring;.

~ keeps well until June. Tree rather a slow grower, but productive.

Transcendent-—aAll things considered, this is, perhaps, the most valuable variety of Siberian Applesgrown. Tree remarkably vigorous, growing to a good size, andimmensely productive. Comes into bearing the second year from planting, bearing every year after, and produces good crops by the fourth year. Fruit very large, from one and one-half to two inches in diameter, being large enough to quarter and core for preserving and drying. Excellent for sauce and pies, both green and dried. The best of its class for cider, being juicy and crisp, and is also, by many, considered a good eating Apple. Skin yellow, striped with red. Sep- tember and October.

Van Wyck Sweet—A new and exceedingly valuable variety ; origina- ted on the Van Wyck farm, near Fishkill, N. Y. Fruit very large; skin yellowish white, colored light red, and covered with bloom; flesh yellowish white; very sweet and tender; core small. October.

Whitney’s No. 20—Very vigorous, productive; bears young, large, beautiful, good; a dessert and cider Apple. Indispensible in any col- lection.

Hewes’ Virginia—Small, striped; flesh firm; one of the most valuable cider Apples known. Tree a slow, straggling grower.

Kentucky Red—Neyw ; small, long stem; a promising rival to Hewes” Virginia for cider. Tree a more vigorous, upright grower.

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Standard Pears should be planted twenty feet apart each way, requiring ‘one hundred and eight trees per acre, and Dwarf Pears may be planted one row each way between the Standards, and the same acre will hold three hundred and twenty-seven Dwarfs, in addition to the one hundred and eight Standards, and yield a better profit per acre than if each occupied a separate piece of ground. Pears should be gathered before quite ripe; they carry better to market, and are better in quality than if permitted to ripen on the tree. Nine or ten varieties, ripening in succession through the season, is enough for any one orchard.

We have found that we can rely upon a crop of Pears even when Apples fail, and the demand for the fruit constantly increases. It succeeds on most soils, but does best on rather a heavy loam. Budded on its own stock, it makes a Standard tree; and on the French or Angers Quince, a Dwarf, the former being best adapted to large permanent orchards; the latter (requiring garden culture and severe pruning every year) to smaller orchards, fruit yards and gardens.

Dwarfs must always be planted sufficiently deep to cover the junction of the Pear and Quince two or three inches—the soil made rich, and well tilled, and about half the previous Summer’s growth cut off each Spring. Under this treatment Dwarfs are everywhere successful. The side branches should not be removed higher than one foot from the ground in Dwarfs, while Standards may be trimmed to the height of three or four feet, if desired. ‘Train in pyramidal form. Ripen the fruit in the house. Gather when, on gently lifting the fruit, the stem will readily separate from the limb. Place in a dark room until fully matured. Winter Pears may hang on the trees antil there is danger from frost, then place in a dry cellar for maturing.

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Clapp’s Favorite Pear.

20 SUMMER.

Bartlett-—Large size, with often a beautiful blush next the sun; buttery,. very juicy, and highly flavored. Tree a strong grower, bearing early and abundantly; very popular. Standard.

Bloodgood--Medium; yellow, touched with russet; melting, rich and delicious ; fair grower, first quality. August. Dwarf and Standard.

Brandy wine—Above medium; yellowish green ; melting sweet ; vigorous. and productive. Last of August. Dwarf and Standard.

Clapp’s Favorite—aA large, new, fine Pear, resembling the Bartlett, but without its musky flavor; pale lemon yellow, with brown dots; fine texture, melting, buttery, juicy, with rich, sweet, delicate, vinous flavor. Tree hardy and very productive. A fruit of great excellence. August and September. Dwarf and Standard.

Doyenne D’Ete—Small; melting, sweet; yellow. Tree vigorous and productive. August. Standard.

Madeleine—Medium; yellowish green; very juicy, melting, sweet; a fair grower and productive. August. Dwarf and Standard.

Manning’s Elizabeth—Small to medium; bears in clusters; crimson and gold color, very beautiful; melting, rich, sugary, sprightly, perfumed flavor, excellent. Treea good growerand very productive. One of the very best early Pears. August. Standard.

Souvenir du Congress—Large to very large; larger than Bartlett or Clapp’s Favorite, to which it bears a strong resemblance (we have had specimens which weighed 27 ounces, and which measured 14 inches in circumference) ; skin smooth, bright yellow when the fruit is fully ma- tured, with the parts exposed to the sun brilliant red or carmine. The flesh, while it is like that of the Bartlett, is free from its strong, musky aroma, and is firni to the core. It commences to ripen in August, a lit- tle before the Bartlett, and extends into September. The fruit grows sometimes sinzly but generally in clusters of two and three from the same bud, and hangs firmly. On account of its size, quality and earli- ness, it is entitled to a place among the best Pears.

Osband’s Summer--Medium; yellow with red cheek; half melting, mild and pleasant, fine flavor and excellent; a fair grower and product- ive. August. Dwarf and Standard.

Pembertom--A new American Pear. Fruit medium size, roundish, nearly smooth; yellowish green with a shade of red ‘in the sun; flesh yellowish white, fine, melting, juicy, with a rich bergamot aroma. Early in September. Standard.

TVyson—Fruit medium size, pyriform ; skin yellow, slightly russeted, with a fine red cheek; flesh juicy, melting, very sugary and perfumed. Tree vigorous, upright, not an early but a good bearer. One of the finest Pears. Ripe early in September. Dwarf and Standard.

21 AUTUMN. J

Belle Lucrative (Fondante d’Automne)—Large, melting and delicious. A fair, upright grower, and bears early and abundantly; first quality in all respects. September and October. Dwarf and Standard.

Beurre Bosc—Fruit large, long, tapering into the stalk; skin dark yel- low, nearly covered with cinnamon russet; flesh white, melting, very buttery, with a rich and excellent vinous flavor. Tree moderately vig- orous but crooked, and bears well. October. Standard.

Beurre Diel (Beurre Royal, Beurre Incomparable)--This is a splendid fruit in all respects. Fruit very large, obtuse, pyriform; skin orange yellow, marbled with russet; flesh a little coarse-grained, but sweet, rich, and delicious. Tree strong and productive. October and Novem- ber. Dwarf and Standard.

Beurre Superfin—Fruit large, oblate; skin greenish yellow, partially covered with russet; flesh very juicy and melting, with a crisp, sub-acid flayor. Tree very hardy, vigorous, and productive. October. Standard.

Brockworth (Brockworth Park)—A new English variety. Fruit large, oblong, pyriform ; skin smooth, pale yellow, flushed and streaked with red on the sunny side; flesh white, buttery, melting, very juicy, vinous and rich. September. Standard and Dwarf.

Buffum-—A variety remarkable for its vigorous growth, beautiful, upright habit, and great hardiness. Fruitmedium size, obovate; skin fair yellew, with a bright red cheek; flesh white, buttery, sweet, and generally very good. Last of September. Standard and Dwarf,

Doyenne Boussock—A large Pear of good quality, resembling the White Doyenne. Tree a very vigorous rapid grower, and abundant bearer. September.

Duchesse d’Angouleme—A magnificent Pear, when well grown upon Quince stock. Fruit of the largest size, with an irregular uneven surface; skin greenish yellow, spotted with russet; flesh white, very juicy, with a rich and excellent flavor. Tree vigorous, upright, with yellowish shoots. October. Dwarf.

Frederick Clapp—Form generally obovate, but somewhat variable; size above medium; skin thin, smooth and fair, clear lemon yellow; flesh fine grained, very juicy and melting; flavor sprightly, acidulous, rich and aromatic; season October 15th to November lst, remaining sound at core to the last; quality very good to best, and will be highly es- teemed by those who like acidulous Pears.

Flemish Beauty—Large; pale yellow, russety, brownish cheek, beau- tiful; melting, sugary and delicious; requires to be picked early. Tree vigorous, bears young and abundantly. One of the most hardy of all the Pear Trees; a very popular Pear. September and October. Standard.

22

Hlowell--Large; light waxen yellow, with a fine red cheek; handsome, rich, sweet, melting, perfumed, aromatic flavor. Tree an upright, free grower, an early and profuse bearer. Very hardy and valuable for the west. September and October. Dwarf and Standard.

Keiffer’s Hybrid—Originated near Philadelphia, where the original tree, now twelve years old, has not failed to yield a large crop of fruit for seven years past. It is a seedling of the Chinese Sand Pear, supposed to have been crossed with the Bartlett. So far it has been entirely free from blight. Fruit very handsome; size medium to large; skin yellow, with a bright vermillion cheek ; flesh brittle, very juicy, with a musky aroma; quality very good. Tree very vigorous, healthy foliage, com- mences bearing very young, and succeeds either as a Standard or a Dwarf. September and October.

Le Conte, or Chinese Pear--Supposed to be a hybrid between the Chinese Sand Pear and a cultivated variety. Fruit large, pyriform, smooth; pale yellow ;,quality fair; extremely prolific, and so far entirely free from blight; being very early, it has sold at very high prices in market. August.

Louise Bonne de Jersey—Large, smooth, greenish yellow, with a warm red cLeek; melting, juicy, vinous and rich. Tree upright, vigorous, and very productive ; very desirable on the Quince. October. Standard

and Dwari.

Onondaga (Swan’s Orange)--Very large; fine rich yellow; melting; juicy, vinous, rich and fine, though sometimes variable. Tree very vigorous, and an early and abundant bearer. October and November. Standard.

Seckel-- Medium to small; yellowish brown, with a red cheek; melting sweet, spicy, very rich, and most delicious. The standard of excellence. Tree a slow but stout, erect grower, hardy and productive. Standard and Dwarf.

Sheldonm—A Pear of the very first quality, from Wayne County, New: York; large, round; russet and red; melting, rich, and delicious. Tree erect and handsome, and bears well. October and November. Stand-

ard.

WINTER,

Beurre @ Anjou—tLarge, obovate, pyriform; greenish russet, sometimes shaded with crimson; melting, juicy, vinous, perfumed, rich and deli- cious. Tree very vigorous, hardy and productive. One of the most valuable late Pears for the table or market; commencing to ripen in October, and keeping, with care, until January, or even later. Dwarf and Standard.

ffer Pear.

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24

Beurre Clairgeau—Very large, pyriform; yellow and red; texture of Beurre Bosc. Flesh yellowish; nearly melting. Tree a good grower, and an early, abundant bearer; a magnificent market fruit; one of the finest acquisitions. Standard,

Duchesse de Bordeaux—Medium to large; moderately juicy; sweet and pleasant; a vigorous grower. December to February. Standard.

Josephine de Malimes—A new variety of some merit. Fruit me- dium size, roundish; skin yellowish, sprinkled with russet ; flesh juicy, sweet, and perfumed. Dwarf and Standard.

Lawrence—Medium size; fine golden yellow; melting, juicy, sugary, with a rich, aromatic flavor. An American Pear of great excellence. Tree a moderate grower, very handsome, hardy, and good bearer. The most valuable of early Winter Pears. December. Standard.

Mount Vermom—A new American Pear, and the best of its season. Fruit medium to large, somewhat roundish or obtuse pyriform; color light russet on a yellow ground, brownish red in the sun; flesh yellow- ish, juicy, melting, slightly vinous and aromatic. Tree a vigorous grower, and an early bearer, A most valuable variety. November and January. Standard.

President Drouard—A very large and handsome new pear, with abundant perfume; ripening from January to March. Good grower on Pear or Quince roots.

Wiecar of Winkfield (Le Cure)—Fruit large, long, pyriform ; skin fair, smooth, pale yellow, occasionally with a flush; flesh juicy, and in good specimens of excellent flavor; variable as a table Pear, but fine for cooking. Tree exceedingly vigorous, beautiful and productive; splen- did grower on Quince. December. Dwarf and Standard.

Sea RlES.

The Cherry is one of the finest and most delicate dessert fruits. The acid varieties are also highly esteemed for preserving and cooking purposes. Although a very perishable fruit, the period of its use may be prolonged to three months by a proper selection of varieties.

The tree thrives well in any soil which is sufficiently well drained, but will not succeed along time where the sub-soil is wet.

The varieties called Heart Cherries were formerly recognized by their heart shape, and by having tender and melting flesh, while those called Bigarreaus had firm, hard flesh; but there is no longer any clear division between them, as by frequent crossing and re-crossing, newer varieties have been produced combining the characteristics of both divisions. Ina similar manner the distinction which formerly existed between the Dukes and the Morellos has appeared. The Hearts and Bigarreaus are rapid growing trees, with large leaves, and generally upright shoots and branches, and pro- ducing sweet fruit; the Dukes and Morellos, on the contrary, have smaller foliage, smaller and more spreading shoots, makes less rapid growth, and generally have acid fruit. The trees of the latter class are also hardier and less subject to bursting of the bark than the former; they are particularly well adapted to growing as dwarfs.

We now employ the Mahaleb stock exelusively, as we find the trees on it are more hardy, and adapted to a greater variety of soils.

Varieties especially recommended are marked thus”.

HEART AND BIGARREAU CHERRIES,

Black Eagle—Above medium; purple or nearly black; flesh deep purple; tender, with a rich high flavored juice. First of July.

*Black Tartarian—Very large; bright purplish black; flesh purplish, very rich and delicious; stone quite small. Remarkable for its vigorous growth, and erect habit. A general favorite. Middle of June.

3

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Bigarreau (Yellow Spanish)—Very large, of a beautiful waxen appear- ance; pale whitish yellow, bordered with minute carmine dots, and deepening into bright red, finely marbled on the sunny side.

Cleveland Bigarreau—Large; bright red on yellowish ground; rich, sweet and fine flavor. Ripe a few days before Black Tartarian.

Coe’s Transparent—Medium; delicate pale amber, nearly covered with pale cornelian red in the sun; delicate, sweet and excellent flavor. 10th of June.

Downer’s Late—Medium; lively red, mottled with a little amber in the shade; sweet and luscious. Fourth to tenth of July.

*Early Purple Guigme—Medium; dark red, becoming purple at maturity; flesh purple, with a rich and sweet flavor. The tree is nota handsome grower in the nursery, but is one of the hardiest of the sweet varieties. Last of May.

Eltom—Large; pale yellow, but with a cheek next the sun delicately mottled and streaked with bright red; flavor very rich and luscious. Middle of June.

Florence—Large; pale amber, mottled or mostly covered with bright red ;

’ flavor rich, sweet and fine. Middle of July.

*Governor Wood—Large; light yellow, shaded and marbled with bright red; flavor rich, sweet and delicious. Deserves a place in every col- lection. Middle of June.

Napoleon Bigarreau—Large; pale yellow, becoming amber, with a fine dark crimson cheek ; flavor excellent. An abundant and constant bearer. First of July.

Ohio Beauty—Large; light ground, mostly covered with red; flesh tender, brisk, juicy, very good. Middle of June.

*Rockport—Large; beautiful bright red, shaded with pale amber ; sweet, rich, with an excellent flavor. Early in June.

DUKE AND MORELLO CHERRIES.

The hardiest Cherries are the Dukes and the Morellos. These succeed well at the farthest limits, both north and south, in which the Cherry can be raised; and when all other varieties fail, they may be depended upon for regular crops.

Arch Duke—Large; bright red, becoming very dark when matured; flavor rich, sub-acid.

Belle de Choisy—Medium; pale amber in the shade, finely mottled with red in the sun; flesh very tender and melting, of a delicate flavor. Unsurpassed for dessert. Middle of June.

27

Dye House—Originated in Kentucky; fruit large ; bright purplish scarlet when fully ripe; an enormous bearer. Tree hardy, and a good grower. A very desirable new variety.

*Early Richmond—Mediun; fine bright red, growing somewhat dark when fully ripe; flesh melting, juicy, and at maturity of a sprightly, rather rich acid flavor. Twentieth of May to the last of June. The Early Richmond is the hardiest, most productive and regular bearer of all Cherries. While it is not first rate in flavor, its other unrivaled qualities make it the most popular variety in cultivation.

English Morello—Large; darkened, becoming nearly black when fully ripe; pleasant sub-acid flavor. A valuable hardy variety. Twentieth of July.

Empress Eugenie—aA splendid Cherry for cooking or preserving, as well as for the table; of large size, beautiful appearance and excellent quality. It bears early and continuously.

Late Duke—Large; rich dark red when fully ripe ; tender, juicy, with a sprightly sub-acid flavor. Middle of July till the 10th of August.

Louis Phillippe—Large; skin rich dark, almost purplish black red; flesh red, tender, sprightly, mild acid; stone small. Tree vigorous and very productive. Middle to the last of July.

Large Montmorency—this variety belongs to the same class as the Early Richmond, but it is larger and bears better. It is very hardy, and extraordinarily prolific, and can be recommended as a variety of great value.

May Duke—this is one of the most popular sorts, and among all the new varieties, none has been found to supplant the May Duke. Skin at first a lively red, but when fully ripe, of a rich dark red; flavor rich, sub-acid and excellent. First of June.

Olivet—Large, globular; very shining deep red sort, The flesh is red, with a rose-colored juice, tender, rich and vinous, with a very sweet sub-acidous flavor. It ripens in the beginning of June, and continues until July without losing its quality. It possesses the fertility of the best of the Duke Tribe, and is perhaps, the largest of that class which we can recommend as excellent, feeling sure that it will give satisfaction to those that give it a trial.

Reine Hortense—Very Large; bright, lively red; very slightly sub-acid, and delicious. Middle to last of July.

ios.

The Plum tree will thrive upon almost every soil not absolutely wet, but produces its finest fruits, and most certain crops on heavy or clayey soils.

The great enemy of this, as well as of other smooth skinned stone fruits, is the Curculio; and as a knowledge of a practical remedy for this pest is essential to the raising of good crops, we give a description of the only sure method for its destruction yet known.

Shortly after the blossoms fall, and as soon as the presence of the insect is ascertained—by his crescent-shaped mark upon the young fruit—procure a sheet large enough to spread over the whole surface of the ground covered ‘py the branches of the tree; slit in the middle part way through, to allow the sheet to pass on each side of the trunk of the tree; now jar the tree thoroughly, either by striking with a heavy mallet upon the stump of a limb, or by shaking suddenly all the larger branches. The insects—which closely resemble a pea-bug, or dried bud—will fall upon the sheet and remain dormant for some minutes: gather them up with thumb and finger and destroy them. This operation repeated every morning for two or three weeks willsave the crop. All the stung fruit must also be carefully destroyed, to prevent their increase, and thus render the work of the season com- paratively easy. This remedy is sure, and far more feasable than is sometimes supposed.

Bleecker’s Gage—Medium; yellow, with a thin white bloom; flavor

sweet, luscious. Tree hardy, and a good and regular bearer. Last of August.

Bradshaw-—Large; reddish purple, with ‘a light blue bloom; flesh yellowish, coarse, pleasant. Tree an upright and vigorous grower. Valuable as a market variety. August.

Coe’s Golden Drop—Very large; light yellow; flavor rich, sweet and delicious. Tree moderately vigorous, productive. Last of September.

29

Copper-—Nearly of medium size, oval; dark copper; rather acid, good for culinary purposes; being nearly exempt from attack of the Curculio, it is apretty certain bearer. Considerably grown in some localities on the Hudson River, where it is esteemed for its productiveness, and found valuable as a market variety. Last of September.

Damson (Common blue)—A valuable market sort. It bears enormous crops. Thousands of bushels are annually sold in our markets. It is but little affected by the Curculio, hence is growing steadily in favor with orchardists. September to October.

Duane’s Purple—Very large; yellow, dotted with red in the sun, with a slight bloom; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, with somewhat of a melon flavor. Separates from the stone. Tree vigorous, very productive and hardy. Middle of August.

Early Yellow Prune—Large; yellow, dotted with red in the sun, with a slight bloom; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, with somewhat of a melon flavor. Separates from the stone. Tree vigorous, very productive and hardy. Middle of August.

General Hand—Very large; deep golden yellow; moderately sweet, juicy, and good. Separates from the stone. Tree very vigorous. Sep- tember.

Huling’s Superb—Very large; greenish yellow, thinly covered with pale bloom; flavor rich, brisk, and sprightly, Tree very vigorous and upright. Middle of August.

Jefferson—Large; golden yellow; with a beautiful purplish red cheek; thin, white bloom; very rich, juicy, luscious and high flavored. Tree a moderate grower and regular bearer. Last of August.

Lombard—Medium ; delicate violet red, paler in the shade, thin bloom ; flavor pleasant but not rich. Tree very vigorous, hardy, very productive and popular as a market sort. Last of August.

Peach—Very large; shaped more like a peach than a plum, light brownish red, covered with a pale bloom; pleasant and sprightly. Tree upright, vigorous, and a moderate bearer. Last of July.

Pond’s Seedling (English)—Very large ; yellowish, nearly covered with bright carmine, with a thin whitish bloom; juicy and sugary, but not rich. <A beautiful fruit. Tree very vigorous and productive. Middle of September.

Reine Claude de Bavay—Large; greenish yellow, spotted with red; firm, juicy, sugary, and of fine quality; very productive. September.

Smith’s Orleans—Large; reddish purple, covered with a deep blue bloom; flavor rich and vinous. Tree very rich and productive. Last of August.

30

Shropshire Damson—Immense bearer; one of the most profitable varieties grown; planted extensively by fruit growers in Ohio; dark purple. October. ,

Washington—Very large; deep yellow, with a pale crimson blush ; flavor very sweet and luscious. Middle of August.

IMPROVED NATIVE PLUMS.

The ravages of the Curculio have of late years increased to such an extent as to cause the almost total failure of the crops of the finer varieties of Plums. Notwithstanding all the leading remedies advocated to prevent the Curculio from destroying the fruit, this insect has proven too strong in numbers, and except in a few isolated cases where unusual pains have been taken to guard against this pest, the labor required to grow a few Plums is worth more than the result. Our native varieties, such as the Chickasaw and others, being less liable to be injured by the Curculio, have induced several horti- culturists to experiment with them, in order to produce improved varieties, which would at least possess one great advantage over European varieties, in being Curculio proof. The Chickasaw type has furnished the best material to experiment with ; its offsprings are all very vigorous growers and abun- dant bearers. We name a few of the most meritorious:

Bassett (Prunus Maritima)—A remarkably prolific variety. While it is not of first quality, it is good and bears abundant crops, and is prac- tically proof against the Curculio. Fruit small; deep crimson, with a heavy bloom; sweet, rich and pleasant. Ripens last of September, and will bear shipment, in perfect condition, almost any distance.

Blackman Pluam—tThis is an improvement on the Wild Goose Plum. It is as certain to bear abundant crops every season, and has all its free- dom from attacks of the Curculio. The fruit is larger and sweeter, not quite so deep red in color, but otherwise quite similar in appearance. It is an improvement in that the tree is not so thorny, and is a thrifty grower, with open top, so that the fruit can be more easily gathered.

Garfield Plum—aA distinct variety of the Chickasaw class; a seedling from the Wild Goose. Perfectly hardy; fruit long, resembling German Prune in size and form; color bright crimson when fully ripe, with a few yellow and white dots; flesh yellow and delicious. Season last of September and first of October.

Miner—tThis is also an improved variety of the Chickasaw, claiming the same advantages, in being exempt from the attacks of the Curculio, as the above varieties. Medium in size; dark purplish red, with a fine bloom. In quality is similar to the foregoing. September.

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Wild Goose Plum.

32

Richland—A remarkably prolific variety, belonging to the Damson class. Color blue; size 14 inches in diameter. It is perfectly free from the stone, and when fully ripe we consider these varieties profitable orchard fruits, and will supply the market from 20th of June until the middle of September with fruit that meets with a steady sale and at good prices. Of good flavor. Very valuable for market.

Wild Goose—Originated in Davidson County, Tennessee. Its name is claimed to be derived from the fact that a pit of a Plam was found in the crop of a wild goose, and being planted produced this variety. Other stories, equally unfounded, give it a different origin. The fruit is large, 13 to 13 inches long, 14 broad; color, bright vermillion red, with numerous minute white dots towards the apex; stalk very slender, short; flesh rather coarse, juicy, vinous, and pleasant. Compared with the finer foreign varieties can be classed as second rate in quality. Tree very vigorous; leaves light green. Very productive; maturity, begin- ning of August. Asa market fruit it is very desirable, combining fine size, beautiful color, and good quality.

Weaver Plum —tThis new and favorable variety, always sought after, is a native of Iowa, and hardy in the northern sections of this country. The fruit is large, purple, with a blue bloom; very prolific and regular bearer; quality good. It is said to be entirely free from insects, which renders it very valuable. Ripens in’August.

ee EL ES...

This is the most desirable fruit during its season, now, happily, lengthened by the introduction of several new varieties. Its easy culture, early bear- ing, and the variety of uses to which it is adapted, make it one of the most indispensible of fruits, especially to our friends residing in the Middle and Southern States, by whom it can be more successfully grown than by those living in colder sections.

To produce the fruit in its greatest perfection the orchard should never be seeded down, but kept clean and mellow by cultivation; the first three years after planting, hoed crops, such as beans or potatoes, may be raised ; after that time, and while the trees are in a bearing state no crops should be taken off except the fruit.

The trees should be carefully examined in June and September, and all the borers removed with a knife, and about a peck of air-slacked lime piled about the trunk of a tree to keep them away.

Amsden—tThis variety showed its first fruit in 1872, and has created a greater interest and more excitement among fruit growers and nursery- men than the advent of any new variety for many years. It ripens in this latitude in the first week of July, three weeks before the Hale’s Early, and ten days before the early Beatrice. The tree is hardy, vigorous, and very productive, and the fruit has remarkable keeping and carrying qualities. Fruit rather larger than Hale’s Early ; round- ish, a little flattened, with a slight suture. Color red, beautifully shaded and mottled with a very dark red, nearly covering the greenish white ground. Flesh white, with a delicious flavor.

Alexander—This variety is also claimed to be the earliest Peach, and it may be as early, or nearly as early as the Amsden. It is some larger than the Amsden, measuring about eight inches in circumference. Color deep maroon, covered with the richest tint of crimson, beautifully dark, striped, changing towards the light side to a rich orange.

Briggs’ Red May—New origin—California, probably—the earliest Peach under cultivation ; large, round, seven to eight inches in circumference ; skin white, with red cheek ; flesh greenish white, juicy and refreshing.

34

Crawford’s Early—tThis very beautiful and best of yellow Peaches is highly esteemed for market purposes. Fruit very large, oblong; skin yellow, with a fine red cheek; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet and excellent. Tree very vigorous, wonderfully productive, and hardy; leaves with globose glands. First of September.

Crawford’s Late—Fruit of the largest size; skin yellow, or greenish yellow, with a dull red cheek; flesh yellow, but red at the stone. Tree vigorous, moderately productive; leaves with globose glands. Last of September.

Chinese Cling—Large; creamy white, shaded and marbled with fine red; flesh white red at the stone (which is adherent), very juicy, with a rich flavor.

Downing, Saunders and Wilder—Mr. Engle describes them as follows: ‘“ Are seedlings originated by H. M. Engle, from an attempt to cross Peach with Apricot. They are, however, all Peach, without any characteristics of the Apricot. In size, appearance and quality, they resemble Early York, Early Rareripe, and Hale’s early, and are of that class. They have fruited three successive years, and have, invariably been ten to fifteen days earlier than Hale’s, grown side by side.”

Downing is the earliest, being fully two weeks ahead of Hale’s.

Saunders is from ten to twelve days in advance of the latter, and Wilder is from eight to ten days before Hale’s.

Wilder is one of the most vigorous growers among more than twenty varie- ties, beautifully colored, and of No. 1 quality. In size, quality and appearance, there is not much difference between the three varieties, except that Saunders is a little more oblong than the others.

Early Beatrice—A .new English variety, which has now been suffi- ciently tested to rank among the first in ripening; size medium; skin mottled, deep red and darker cheek; flesh juicy and vinous, of very good quality. Ripens evenly and within a period of ten days, and has so far proved entirely free from rot; maturity from July 15th to 25th, according to season; a very valuable market variety.

Early Louise—Nearly similar to Early Beatrice, a little larger, and color not so bright; quality good, equal to Early Beatrice, and maturing three to five days later.

Early Canada—aAs its name denotes it has its origin in Canada, and is regarded as the hardiest early Peach under cultivation; fine color, almost a perfect freestone, while nearly all of the very early Peaches have more or less clingstone tendency. Ripens a few days later than Amsden and Alexander.

Early Rivers—Large; greenish white-washed pale carmine, very juicy, vinous and highly flavored, quality best. Ripens from six to eight days after Early Beatrice, to which it is much superior in quality; skin very thin and easily bruised.

35

Early York (Serrate)—Fruit medium size ; skin very thin, thickly dotted in the shade, but a bright red in the sun; flesh greenish white, remarka- bly tender and fnelting, rich and sprightly, juicy. Freestone.

Early Barnard (of Michigan)—Large; yellow, with red in the sun; flesh yellow, and very good; tree vigorous and good bearer.

Foster—This remarkably handsome variety is the largest of all early Peaches, and ripening as it does, just before the Early Crawford, it takes its place as a special valuable market fruit. It is a yellow-fleshed variety, similar in appearance to the early Crawford, but larger and handsomer.

Governor Garland—Origin, near Bentonville, Arkansas. Quality very fine, and several days early than Alexander. Clingstone.

George the Fourth—Fruit large, round; skin pale yellowish white, fine dotted bright red; dark and red cheek on one side; flesh pale, marked with red at the stone (which is small); melting, very juicy, with a remarkably rich luscious flavor. Freestone.

Heath Cling—Fruit very large; skin downy, cream colored white, with a faint blush or tinge of red in the sun; flesh greenish white, very ten- der and melting, exceedingly juicy, with the richest, highest, and most luscious flavor, surpassed by no other variety. It frequently keeps fora month after gathering. A standard market sort. October.

Hale’s Early—Medium; pale white, nearly covered with red ; flesh white, melting and rich. Tree is hardy and productive, and in sections where it does not rot on the tree is very profitable as a market sort for its earliness.

Honest John—Fruit large; skin pale yellowish white, dark red cheek on one side; flesh pale, marked with red at stone. Freestone.

Hill Home Chief—New; fruit extremely large (measured thirteen inches in circumference), of fine flavor, and a good bearer; white flesh, red cheek; very desirable. September. Freestone.

Hill’s Chilli (Jenny Lind, Stanley’s late)—A very popular market variety along the east shore of Lake Michigan, on account of its hardiness and sure bearing qualities. Medium size; dull yellow.

Heath Free—A large, late Peach, of medium quality. Succeeds well in some places.

Jacques Rareripe—A superb yellow Peach, full as large and as good as Crawford’s Early, and ripening a week or ten days later.

Lemon Cling—Large ; skin fine yellow, with a dark-brownish red cheek; flesh yellow, with a rich, sprightly, sub-acid flavor. One of the largest and most beautiful of all the yellow-fleshed clings.

La Grange—Large; greenish white, with occasionally some red in the sun; flesh sweet, high flavored and delicious. Popular as a market fruit. Freestone.

36

Mountain Rose—Large; bright red; very handsome, and good; one among the best early Peaches; free. July and August.

FY Old Mixon Free—Fruit large; skin pale-yellowish white, marbled with red, the cheek a deep red; AWA, flesh white, but quite red at the stone; tender, ae with an excellent, rich, sugary, and vinous flavor. One of the leading orchard varieties. First of

September.

AN ¥) Old Mixon Cling—Fruit large; skin yellowish

. in) c white, with a red cheek; flesh pale white, very a \; Ye} melting, juicy, and rich, high flavor. Middle of Ze September. Clingstone. YIN AN NMA TUN | ING 4 Pyramidal—Grows to a height of twenty feet in a : wy ! Mi \ ‘ compact form, like the Lombardy Poplar. AN -) i y. i

Ww \ . Red Cheek Melocoton—Fruit large; skin yel-

low, with a deep redgcheek; flesh deep yellow ; red at the stone, melting, with a good, rich, vinous flavor. A valuable orchard variety. reestone.

Smock, Beer’s—A seedling of Smock Free, similar in character but much improved. The tree is a vigorous grower, and considered one of the most profitable disseminated. Well calculated for dis- tant market shipments, and is also very desirable for canning and drying purposes, a branch of busi- ness that is yearly becoming more important.

Steadly—tThis new variety has the qualities to make it the most profitable late Peach grown. Itis hardy, having stood the severe cold where other sorts have been destroyed; it blooms and bears freely when others fail. The fruit is very large, often measur- ing four inches in diameter, round, of a greenish- white color; flesh white to the stone, with a deli- cious flavor. Freestone.

Pyramidal.

Stump the World—Fruit very large; skin creamy white, with bright red cheek; flesh white,fjuicy and highly flavored; very productive. A fine market variety. Freestone. Last of September.

Salway—This handsome late variety originated in England, and recently disseminated in this country by the late Isaac Pullen. Fruit large, oval and highly covered. Yellowish flesh.

Waterloo—Nev;; origin, New York. Medium to large. A remarkably fine and very early large Peach.

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NEW PEACHES NOTED FOR THEIR LATE RIPENING.

Bilyeu’s Late October—An accidental seedling; found in Caroline Co., Md., by 8S. G. Bilyeu, and introduced by him. Fruit large; flesh white, with bright red cheek; in size and appearance much like old Mixon; free; ripening ten days after Smock, one week after Late Heath Cling. It has been fruited largely in Maryland and Delaware, and has proven valuable in all cases.

Cannon Cling—Is a seedling of the Old English Cling; very large, often weighing 11 to 12 ounces. Ripens late, with Heath Cling; color white, with beautiful bright blush on the sunny side. A very excellent variety.

Gary’s Hold On—Large; yellow freestone. Ripens after Smock. One of the most valuable Peaches under cultivation.

Rawlett—A very large, yellow freestone; ripening after Crawford’s Late.

Washington—Large, yellow; ripens with the old Smock, but larger and better. Freestone.

MECTARINES.

A most delicious smooth skinned fruit, which thrives wherever Peaches

will grow, but is liable to be stung by the curculio, and requires the same treatment as Plums.

Boston—Fruit large; skin pale yellow, with a deep red cheek. First of September.

Downton—Fruit large; skin pale green, with a deep violet red cheek, August.

Early Newington—Fruit large ; skin pale green, mottled with dark red; coated with a thin bloom, September.

Elruge—Fruit medium ; skin pale green, deep violet; or blood red, dotted with brownish specks. August.

Hunt’s Tawny—Fruit medium ; skin pale orange, with a dark red cheek. First of August.

38

Er ahe@ Is.

A delicious fruit of the Plum species, valuable for its earliness. It is liable to be attacked by the Curculio, and requires the same treatment as the Plum; it bears immense crops, ripening in July and August.

Breda—Fruit small; skin orange, becoming dark orange in the sun. August,

Moorpark—Fruit large; skin orange in the shade; deep orange or brownish red in the sun, marked with numerous dark specks and dots. August.

Peach—Fruit large; skin yellow in the shade, but deep orange, mottled with dark brown on the sunny side; rich, high flavored. August.

ORIN GES.

The Quince is of late attracting a great deal of attention as a market fruit. Scarcely any fruit will pay better in the orchard. The tree is hardy and compact in growth, requiring but little space, productive, gives regular crops, and comes early into bearing. The fruit is much sought after for canning for Winter use. When put up in the proportion of about one quart of Quinces to four of other fruit, it imparts to them a most delicious flavor.

It flourishes in any good garden soil, which should be kept mellow and well enriched. Prune off all dead and surplus branches, and thin out the fruit if bearing too freely.

Apple, or Orange—Large, roundish; bright golden yellow; cooks quite: tender, and is of very excellent flavor. Valuable for preserves or flayor- ing. Very productive. The most popular and extensively cultivated variety. October.

Amgers—aA rapid growing sort, used chiefly for stalks for Dwarf Pears. Fruit large, turbinate, greenish yellow.

Champion—Fruit large to very large, smooth, some specimens weighing

two pounds; color golden yellow; excellent for cooking ; a good grower, hardy and productive. Ripens a little after the Orange,

Rea’s Mammoth—A seedling of the Orange Quince, one third larger, of the same form and color, fair, handsome, and equally as good and - productive. Tree healthy, thrifty grower.

Caer ES.

The vine comes quickly into bearing; yielding fruit usually the second year after planting, requires but little space, and, when properly trained, is an ornament to the yard, garden or vineyard.

It is stated by some of the most.eminent physiologists, that among all the fruits conducive to regularity, health and vigor in the human system; the Grape ranks number one. We hope soon to see the day when every family shall have an abundant supply of this most excellent fruit for at least six months of the year.

We are giving our attention to the growing of vines of all the valuable hardy varieties. Those who have been disappointed by the late and imper- fect ripening of the Isabella and Catawba, can now obtain Grapes that are better in quality and far earlier in ripening than they.

The soil for Grapes should be dry; when not naturally so, should be thoroughly @rained. It should be deeply worked and well manured, always bearing in mind that it is an essential point to secure a warm sunny ex- posure.

To secure the best results, annual and careful pruning are essential. The following is regarded as the best method: Commencing with a good strong vine, such as we furnish, permit it to grow the first season without pruning. In November or December following, cut back the growth, allowing but three or four buds to remain. The following Spring allow but two of the strongest buds to throw out shoots. These, in the Fall, will be from seven to ten feet long, and should be cut back to within four or five feet of the root. The next Spring the vine should be fastened to the lower part of the trellis. When growth commences pinch the buds so that the shoots will be from ten to twelve inches apart. As these grow, train them perpendicularly to the second, third, and fourth bars of the trellis. No fruit should be allowed to set above second bar of the trellis.

During the season when the shoots shall have reached the upper bar of the trellis, they may be pinched to prevent further growth.

40

The canes should be cut back to two buds. In later Winter, or very early Spring, but only one bud should be allowed to throw out a shoot, then treat as in the previous year. This system of pruning should be followed each year. Grape Vines should be top dressed in the Spring. Our cut of the Brighton Grapes gives a very good illustration of this system of training.

The best Grape Vine trellis is probably the wire trellis. This is con- structed by planting posts as far apart as you choose to have the length of your trellis, stretch the wires—four in number—about eighteen inches apart, letting them pass through stakes at proper distances from each other to sup- port the wire. As the wires are contracted by cold, and are likely to break or sway the posts from their place, they should be loosened as cold weather approaches.

When, however, it is not convenient to make a wire or other trellis, very good results are had with the old vineyard system of training to stakes. The vines are planted six feet apart, in a place exposed to the sun and pro- tected from cold winds, and are trained to an upright stake. This method is as simple as the cultivation of Indian Corn. Often a large and uncomely rock may be converted to usefulness and beauty by planting a Grape Vine on its sunny side, and making use of the rock as a trellis.

BLACK GRAPES.

Barry—Bunchfrather large, short, broad, compact, often shouldered ; berry large, roundish, black; flesh tender, nearly free from the pulp, juicy, sweet, pleasant. Ripens about the time of the Concord.

Cynthiana—Bunch of medium size, moderately compact, shouldered; berry below medium, round, black, with blue bloom, sweet, spicy, moderately juicy. Juice very dark red, weighs very heavy on the must scale, even higher than Norton’s Virginia, and makes, so far, our best red wine. It has as much body as Norton’s Virginia, is of exquisite flavor, much more delicate than Norton’s, and can safely enter the lists with the choicest Burgundy wines.

Champion—A vine of great vigor and hardiness ; surpassing the Concord in this respect, It is of large size, and the earliest Grape known, which must make it peculiarly valuable as a market variety. Color black; quality medium,

Climton—Bunches medium size, compact, shouldered; berries round, rather small; skin covered with a thick bloom; flesh quite acid, with a brisk, vinous flavor. Vines exceedingly hardy, vigorous and very productive. Ripens about the first of October, but improves by hanging on the vine. Makes a good wine.

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42

Concord—Bunches large; berries large, round; skin thick and covered with bloom; flesh juicy, sweet, with somewhat more of the native pun- gency in its flavor than the Isabella. Vines are very hardy, vigorous and productive; ripens ten days or more before the Isabella; at present the most popular of all our native sorts.

Hartford Prolific—A variety of great value in northern localities. Bunches large, compact, shouldered; berry large, round; skin thick ; flesh sweet, juicy, perfumed, good. Vines vigorous, and exceedingly productive. Ripens two weeks before the Isabella.

Ives’ Seedling—A Grape extensively cultivated in the West, and valued for its wine. Bunch medium size, compact, shoulderd; black, roundish, oval; flesh pulpy, juicy and sweet, but too hard for table use.

Merrimack (Rogers’ No 19)—Bunches good size; berry large, round and with a slight bloom ; flesh tender nearly to the center, juicy and sweet, and ripens at the time of the Concord.

Moore’s Early—Raised from seed by John B. More, Concord, Mass., in 1872. It is described as follows: “‘ Bunch large; berry round, large, (as large as the Wilder, or Rogers’ No. 4,) color black, with a heavy blue bloom ; quality better than the Concord; vine exceedingly hardy, and it has been entirely exempt from mildew or disease. Its earliness makes it desirable for an early crop, and more particularly adapts it to New England and the northern portion of the United States, maturing as it does ten days before the Hartford, and twenty before the Concord.

Norton’s Virgimia—The bunch of the Norton is small, compact and shouldered; berry small, black, with dark-bluish red juice, almost without pulp when fully ripe; sweet and brisk. Ripens late in October. Vine vigorous, healthy, hardy and productive when well established, but very impatient of transplanting, and exceedingly difficult to propa- gate. Wherever the season will admit of a thorough and perfect ripening of its fruit, the Norton will succeed in almost any soil. In rich bottom it comes early into bearing, and is enormously productive; on high hills, with rather poor soil and southern aspects, it is tardy in coming into bearing, but produces there the richest wine, of great body, and superior medical qualities. It has quite a peculiar coffeine flavor, which at first seems unpleasant to many, but which, like coffee, endears itself to our taste.

Worden-—Said to be a seedling of the Concord; bunch large, compact,

handsome; berries large—larger than those of the Concord; it ripens a few days earlier, and is superior to it in flavor.

Wilder (Rogers’ No. 4)—Bunches and berries large; flesh tender and sweet; excellent. Ripens with the Concord.

43

44

RED GRAPES.

Agawamn®(Roygers’ No. 15)—Bunches large ; berries large, round, dark red, tender and good; one of the best. Ripens soon after the Concord.

Brighton—A cross between the Concord and Diana Hamburg. Resembles Catawba in color, and in size and form of bunch and berry. Flesh rich, sweet, and of the best quality, equal, if not superior to Delaware ; ripens early, with the Delaware, Eumelan and Hartford. Vine vigorous, but in some locations is subject to mildew. Were it not for this we SOY pronounce it the best purple Grape in cultivation.

Catawba—Well known as the great wine Grape of Ohio, Kentucky, &c.; bunches large and loose; berries large, of a coppery red color, becoming purplish when well ripened; two weeks later than the Isabella; requires the most favored soils and situations, good culture and warm seasons to mature perfectly in Western New York.

Delaware—tThis fruit has fully maintained its reputation as one of the finest of our native Grapes. The vine is comparatively slender, but grows freely. It proves quite hardy in this climate, and ripens two or three weeks before the Isabella. Bunch small and compact; berries small, light red, with a violet bloom; beautiful. Sweet, sugary and vinous, with a musky aroma. It justly claims a place in every garden.

Lindley (Rogers’ No. 9)—Bunches of medium size, rather long, compact ; berry medium size, roundish; flesh tender, juicy, sweet and good. Ripens a little before the Concord.

Massasoit—Bunch medium size, shouldered; berry large, round claret red; flesh tender and juicy. Ripens with the earliest sorts. Vine a good grower and quite hardy, and one of the best varieties for a cold climate.

Salem (No. 53)—This is regarded as the best of Mr. Rogers’ Hybrids. Bunch large and compact, berry large, of a light chestnut or Catawba color, thick skinned, perfectly free from hard pulp, very sweet and sprightly, with a most excellent aromatic flavor; as early as the Dela- ware or Hartford; having never failed to ripen in the most unfavorable season for the past six years; keeps well.

Walter—A new variety, originating in Poughkeepsie, New York. A cross between Diana and Delaware, and partaking of the characteristics of each; vine a free grower; leaves very large and thick; an over- abundant bearer; cluster very much larger than Delaware; berry nearly round, nearly as large as Catawba, of a deeper red than Delaware. As a raising Grape the Walter has a distinctive character of its own. In this field it is without a rival among American Grapes, and from this peculiarity, if not from other good qualities, it should have a place in every garden.

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45

46

WHITE GRAPES.

Elvira—aA seedling from Taylor, raised by Jacob Rummel, of Missouri, considered the most promising new white-wine Grape we now have. Bunch medium, shouldered, very compact; berry medium, considerably larger than Taylor, its parent, round, pale green with white bloom, sometimes tinged with red streaks when fully ripe; skin very thin, transparent; it sets so very closely and the skin is so thin as to cause some of the berries to crack; pulp sweet, very tender and juicy, fine flavor. Ripens about ten days later than Concord. Vine a most vigor- ous, stocky grower, eminently productive, exceedingly healthy and hardy, having stood the hard Winters of 1872 and 1873 without protec- tion. Promises to be the leading white-wine Grape of the Middle States.

Goethe (Rogers’ Hybrid No. 1)—One of the hardiest, healthiest, and most productive sorts we have. Late in ripening for northern localities, it does not always mature there; but here with us it produces and per- fectly ripens a large crop of beautiful clusters and berries, free from rot or imperfections of any kind, provided it has a good rich soil, and has not been permitted to overbear. The vine is a most vigorous grower, making stout and long canes, with well-developed laterals. The bunches are medium to large, not quite compact, occasionally shouldered; ber- ries very large, oblong, of a yellowish green, sometimes blotched, with a pale red toward the sun; skin thin, translucent; flesh tender and melting throughout, a few seeds, sweet, vinous and juicy, with a pecu- liar delicious aroma; excellent for the table and for wine.

Lady Washington--One of Mr. Ricketts’ celebrated seedlings, described by Mr. Downing as follows: Vine very vigorous, hardy and productive ; short jointed ; leaves large, occasionally lobed, thick; bunch very large, compact, generally double shouldered; berry medium to large, round, color deep yellow, with a tinge of delicate pink where exposed to the sun, and covered with a thin white bloom; flesh soft, tender, juicy, sweet, and very good; it ripens about with the Concord. This showy and beautiful grape is a cross between the Concord and Allen’s Hybrid, and is a promising Grape for the market and the amateur.

Lady—Originated by Mr. Imlay, of Muskingum County, Ohio. Said to be a seedling of the Concord. Bunch medium size, berry about the size of the Concord; light greenish yellow, covered with white bloom; flesh tender, sweet, lacking character. Vine hardy and vigorous.

Martha—A new variety comparatively, being a seedling of the Concord, which it resembles in vigor of ‘growth and hardiness. Bunch of good size, and berry large; of pale green or light color; buttery, sweet, juicy and sprightly. Asa hardy, light colored Grape it stands unrivaled.

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The Pockl

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Noah— Origin Nauvoo, Illinois, a seedling of Taylor. Bunch medium and compact, berry medium, yellowish green, resembles Elvira, but hardly equal in quality. It gives great promise as a very valuable wine Grape.

Perkins—Valuable, very early market Grape, as it is showy, which is more important for our markets than fine quality ; besides, tastes differ, and, to many tastes, its strong fox or musk flavor is not disagreeable; bunch medium to large, shouldered; berries medium, oblong, often flattened by their compactness; greenish white at first, then of a fine pale lilac color when fully ripe, with a thin white bloom; flesh rather pulpy, sweet, juicy ; skin thick; ripens a few days after Hartford Prolific, and before Delaware; vine a vigorous grower, healthy and productive.

The Prentiss—Originated with J. W. Prentiss, of Pultney, Steuben County, New York, on Crooked Lake, near Hammondsport. It is a seedling of Isabella. Bunch large, not often shouldered, compact. Berry medium to large, yellowish green, sometimes with a rosy tint on side next to sun; skin thick but,very firm. Flesh tender, sweet, melting, juicy, with a very pleasant and musky aroma; free from foxi- ness; little if any pulp; seeds few and small; very similar to Rebecca in quality, but vine a vigorous grower, and foliage very distinct from Rebecca. Foliage healthy, thick, resembling Diana or Isabella, showing its native origin. Wine a good grower, and very productive, inclined to overbear, and clusters should be thinned unless pruned close; vine hardy, and buds uninjured with thermometer 15 to 20° below zero. The Grape is an excellent keeper, and was exhibited at the Western New York Horticultural Society, at Rochester, January 22d, 1879, in perfect condition. Ripens about with Concord.

Pocklington—A seedling of the Concord. Bunch medium to large, generally shouldered, berry large, roundish, light golden yellow when fully matured; flesh pulpy, juicy, of fair quality; vine very hardy, healthy, vigorous, and productive; leaves large, tough, and downy ; ripens at the same time as Concord.

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MUGLBERRIES:

Black English—Fruit large and fine; delicious flavor; slow grower.

Downing’s Everbearing—Fruit large, rich, juicy, high, vinous flavor, Tree very vigorous and productive.

New American—tTree a fine grower ; fruit large, delicious flavor; hardy and very productive.

Russian (New)—Brought to notice by the Menonites of the North-west. It is a very rapid grower, an early and constant bearer, fine, aromatic, sub-acid flavor; valuable for dessert; color varies some, but is generally black ; promises to be very valuable.

MSR Sy

REMARKS—Figs may be grown as bushes in the garden, in the Northern States, if they are taken up annually, the first week in November, with a ball of earth attached to the roots, and placed in the cellar till about the middle of May, when they should be taken out and replanted. Most of them ripen in August.

Angelique or Early Lemon—Small, greenish yellow; early. Brunswick or Madonna—Very large, violet, good, and productive. Black Ischia—Mediun, blue black, good.

Blue Genoa—Mediun, bluish black.

Brown Turkey—Mediun, brown, very sweet, and excellent; very pro- lific and hardy. The most reliable for open field culture.

Celestial—Small, paie violet with bloom, very sweet, prolific, and hardy. Green Ischia—Green, with crimson pulp; very good and prolific. Lemon-—Large, yellow, sweet.

Madeleine—Small, white.

White Marseilles— White.

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MISCELLANEOUS FRUMS

Almonds—Sweet and hard shell.

Berberry, Common Red—Fruit small; crimson; is too acid to eat, but it makes an agreeable dessert and jelly, and an ornamental pickle for garnishing some dishes.

Berberry, Purple—Fruit similar to above, except that the fruit and leaves are purple.

Chestnut (American Sweet)—Among our large collection of native forest trees, the Chestnut is unrivaled for its beauty. When grown in the open ground, it assumes an elegant, symmetrical form; the foliage is rich, glossy and healthy, and the whole tree is covered in early Summer with long, pendant, tassel-like blossoms, than which there are none more graceful and beautiful. It is especially desirable for its nuts, which it bears profusely a few years after transplanting. The Chestnut thrives well on any soil except a wet one. When nursery grown, bears transplanting well, and when once established is a rapid grower, and soon comes into bearing.

Chestnut, Spamisl—An European variety. The nuts are of larger size than the American variety, but not as sweet.

Juneberry, Dwarf (Service Berry)—This variety of the Juneberry attains the height of from six to eight feet. Bush is hardy and extremely productive. The color of the fruit is a bright crimson, overspread with purple. The fruit is prized in culinary preparations, and for the dessert. One of the most beautiful fruits in cultivation.

Japanese Persimmon—this is a fruit comparatively new in this country; recently introduced from Japan. It comes highly recom- mended, but has not proven sufficiently hardy for extensive cultivation in northern States.

Filberts—In variety. Walnuts—American Black, Butternut, English.

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Leaf and Blossom of the American Chestnut.

ST RAV Bitinin TiS:

The Strawberry is one of our most reliable crops, and extensively grown here. The system adopted here of covering the fruiting beds all over with stable manures at the approach of cold weather, has the most salutory effects ; it protects the crown of the plants from the bleak winds; prevents the roots from being thrown out by alternate freezing and thawing. The strength of the manure penetrates the ground, and supplies the roots with nourishment to produce an abundance of large berries.

The principal objection urged against the practice, that the covering retards ripening the fruit is now considered a gain, as it allows the earlier berries to disappear, and there is an increased demand for fine large Straw- berries some time later. We have a large and very fine stock of pure plants, propagated expressly for transplanting.

Big Bob—A new variety. Originated in the Miami Valley, Ohio. Of the largest size ; color brilliant crimson, and of fine flavor; berries uni- formly large and regular in size. Of the very highest promise.

Bidwelli—tThis variety seems to combine more desirable qualities than any other old sort now before the public. The plant is a very strong grower, and very hardy and exceedingly productive—-in fact the number of berries a well-grown stool will grow and mature is almost incredible. The fruit is very large, regular, and handsome in shape; color very bright and showy, flesh very firm, and quality of the best. Succeeds well on all soils.

Crescent Seedling—Medium conical, very uniform, bright scarlet, beautiful, and moderately firm; commences to ripen with Wilson’s Albany, and continues in fruit longer; the plant is a most vigorous grower, taking entire possession of the ground, preventing weeds or grass to grow, and requiring very little cultivation.

Charles Downing—Fruit very large; deep scarlet; flesh quite firm, pink, juicy, sweet, rich. Plant very vigorous and productive. This is - one of the most desirable varieties in cultivation. Flowers perfect.

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“ Big Bob.”

54

Champion—Fruit irregular, globe shape, of dark crimson color; large size and good quality. Plant a most vigorous grower, hardy, and very productive.

Centennial—A fine high-flavored, large berry, for which the award was given, and pronounced the highest and finest flavored by the judges of the Centennial Exhibition. It is very regular in form, of a rich scarlet color, continuing long in bearing, and retaining its fine flavor to the: last. May be considered one of the finest amateur berries known.

Forest Rose—A very large berry, rich crimson, luscious and firm, with exceedingly strong, vigorous plant, and productive. This is one of the most promising of our collection, rivaling the Great American.

Glendale—aA first class late berry. A very vigorous grower, with superb. berries of the largest size, light scarlet color, an enormous bearer. Very desirable as a late sort.

Kentucky—Fruit large to very large; bright scarlet; flesh white, firm, juicy, rich, sweet, and of excellent quality. Plant strong, vigorous, very productive, with long fruit stalks bearing the berries well up from the ground, and the foliage standing the heat of Summer and the cold of Winter, and is a week later than most varieties. Flowers perfect.

Monarch of the West—The largest and best market Strawberry grown.. It is well adapted to light sandy land, and will succeed well generaly on a great variety of soils, being a strong, vigorous grower, with large tall foliage. The fruit sells for double the price of Wilson’s.

Manchester—Form obviate, conical; size large; color scarlet; flesh pink, firm, but melting, with a rich sub-acid juice; flower stalk stout; flower pistillate; plant robust, and very productlve; quality very good to best. The plant appears to be very well adapted to light soil and will doubtless. succeed generally throughout the country, and be valuable as a market variety.

Miner’s Great Prolific—This sort is very properly named. Itisa “ great”? berry, and very “prolific.” Fruit resembling that noted and valuable sort, the Charles Downing in shape and color, but averaging larger in fruit and yield. In fact, we have no old sort on our grounds. that averages a larger crop of large, uniform berries than this. Nor, neither have we any sort that makes a finer appearance on the market stand, or sells quicker for highest market price. It is giving universal. satisfaction wherever tried.

Sharpless—Among the new kinds, we think nothing can compare with: this. The fruit is large to very large, an average specimen measuring one and one half inches in diameter. A large berry, exhibited at the Nurserymen’s Convention in Rochester, weighed one ounce, and mea- sured seven inches in circumference. In form it is generally oblong,

55

narrowing to the apex, and irregular and flattened. Color, clear-bright red, with a shining surface; flesh firm, sweet, with a delicate aroma. In quality it ranks“with the Triomphe de Gand. The plant is very vigorous, excelling even the Monarch of the West. After growing it side by side with the best new sorts now in cultivation, we consider it superior to them all.

Triumph (of Cumberland)—A new and distinct variety, disseminated by Mr. Amos Miller, of Carlisle, Pennsylvania. It stands without a rival for heavy clay soil; large size, perfect form, fine flavor, vigorous grower, and unexcelled productiveness, and always brings the highest price in market. Blossom perfect.

Wilson’s Albany— Although not of high quality, yet no variety has be- come so generally cultivated as the Wilson’s Albany. The vine is very hardy, vigorous, and productive, commencing to ripen its frult early and continuing to the latest. The most profitable market berry for general cultivation.

RASPBERRIES:

Raspberries ripen soon after Strawberries, when there is not much other fruit in market, hence they are eagerly sought after and sell at high figures, and the same crates and baskets being used for both, there is no additional outlay for packages.

The management of hardy Raspberries is very simple; plow and prepare the ground as for potatoes or other crops; mark the rows six feet apart, and ‘set the plants three feet distant in the rows, using 2,500 plants per acre.

The tops should be cut down to within a few inches of the ground, that the roots may become well established before they are required to supply nourishment for long tops of green foliage.

Potatoes or other vegetable may with advantage be grown between the rows the first year, after which the Raspberries will require the whole space. The old tops which have borne fruit should be removed before the following Spring, and the young canes shortened in about one third of their length, so they will stand firm and erect, bearing heavy crops without stakes, trellises, or protection of any kind.

RED VARIETIES,

Brandy wimne-A large, bright, scarlet berry, firm and beautiful. Bears carriage well, and commands a ready sale in market.

‘Cuthbert (Queen of the Market)--This new red sort is looming up as the most valuable red Raspberry grown, especially for market. A relia- ble fruit grower near New York writes: “The Cuthbert is a new, large, rank grower—branches and roots nearly as large as a Blackberry bush. Fruit nearly as abundant as the Brandywine, but much larger; better flavor, and much jirmer—making it the finest market red Raspberry.”

HMenrietta—Very large, handsome berry, of a purplish cast; flavor ex- cellent.

57

Highland Hardy--This variety has excited the attention of fruit grow- ers, the past two or three years, to its great merits as a profitable market sort, and has grown into favor beyond the famous Hudson Antwerp, in the section where that variety succeeds best. Plants perfectly hardy, fruit ripens early, with the last of Strawberries ; flavor good ; color bright red; size medium to small, according to culture; succeeds on any soil, and carries well to market.

Philadelphia—Fruit medium; dark crimson or purplish red; flesh moderately soft, mild, sub-acid; good. The canes are hardy, vigorous, and very productive. A most profitable red market sort.

Reliamce—Originated by Oscar Felton, New Jersey, who describes it as follows: ‘‘Fruit large, many of them 23 inches in circumference, roundish, with large fleshy seed-beds, adhering slightly to the germ. Color, dark red, with a rich, sprightly acid flavor; entirely free from the insipid sweet, characteristic of so many varieties; and will remain in good condition three or four days on the bushes after they are ripe, and can be shipped in perfect order hundreds of miles to market. The Reliance is of very stocky habit, very short jointed, with prominent buds and dark, heavy foliage, great vigor of growth and perfectly hardy ; showing perfectly healthy, uninjured buds on the very tips of the canes. Never known to winter-kill.

Turner, or Southern Thornless--Stands very high at the West because of its extreme hardiness, great productiveness, large size and beautiful color. Has withstood the most severe Winters. Fruit firm and bears carriage splendidly. A valuable market sort.

Thwack—A fine large berry ; a cross between Brandywine and Herstine. Bears shipping well.

BLACK CAP VARIETIES,

Gregg Raspberry (New)—tThe largest, best, and most productive black Raspberry ever introduced ; berries averaging one half larger and pro- ducing one half more bushels per acre than the Mammoth Cluster; berries remain on the bushes until gathered, never dropping off, a point vital to every fruit grower; shipping qualities unexcelled. Ripens with Mammoth Cluster.

Mammoth Cluster (McCormick)—A variety of the American Black Cap, with stronger and more vigorous canes, having fewer spines, and more productive. Fruit similar in form to American Black Cap, but of much larger size, of deeper color, more bloom, juice and sweetness.

Souhegan— Originated in New Hampshire. Perfectly hardy, very pro- lific, berries often three-fourths of an inch in diameter ; ripening before any other Black Cap known, of superior quality, a clear black without bloom. A new and promising variety.

5

58

Sweet Home—the Sweet Home canes grow upright and stocky; but few thorns; increased from tips; never has winter-killed ; ripens two weeks later than Doolittle, and continues till Blackberries ripen; the fruit con- tinues to hold its large size till the last picking. It bears such immense crops that the canes must be cut thoroughly back or tied up.

RED CAP VARIETIES.

Ganargua—A fine red Raspberry that grows like the Black Cap from tips, equally as hardy, strong and vigorous as the Mammoth Cluster, and fruit as large and prodvctive, commencing earlier than Doolittle, and continues to yield abundantly through the season.

New Rochelle—aA seedling of the Catawissa, and very much like it in color, ora little darker than the Philadelphia; very firm, juicy, sprightly, good; bears shipping well, and commands a good price in market. It is very large, said to be twice as large as the Philadelphia, and will pro- duce twice the quantity of fruit. Comes of strong, robust growth, at- taining a height of five to six feet, nearly an inch in diameter near the ground, and hardy; lateral shoots also strong. Of all prolific Raspber- ries this is perhaps the greatest—having produced six to eight quarts of berries to a stool.

\ Ww , \\ \\ \

J Photographed natural size VA from a cluster brought me by i

N. OHMER, DAYTON, OHIO, " f oe eee Gregg Raspberry

BLACKBER RiLES,

The land should be manured with some fertilizing materials, as for wheat or other crops, plowed deeply, and well harrowed, then with a horse and plow draw small furrows eight feet apart one way by three feet apart the other, at right angles with those first made. Then set out the plants, planting one at each cross furrow, which will require 1,815 plants to the acre.

At the proper season for planting other crops, a furrow may be drawn between the rows, the eight feet way, whereby one half the ground may be planted with corn, potatoes or melons, which, owing to the additional space allowed, will yield proportionately more than the same number of rows planted in the usual manner, The hills made by the two crops will stand three by four feet apart, and may be cultivated both ways to keep the ground mellow, and free from weeds.

After a plantation is thus fully established, the cultivation is of the easiest kind; only keep the ground mellow, and clear of weeds and surplus canes or sprouts that come up thicker than are needed for bearing fruit. Occasion- ally shorten in the most rampant canes to about four or five feet, which will strengthen the side shoots, and more fully develop the fruit buds; give a dressing of manure as often as any other crop that yields as many bushels per acre would require, and an abundance of large fruit is certain.

For Fall planting, October and November are most favorable. Spring planting should be done as early as practicable after the frost leaves the ground.

Kittatinny—Fruit large to very large; rich glossy black; moderately firm, juicy, sweet and excellent. It has within afew years become widely disseminated, and everywhere proves of the highest value. Canes quite hardy, and very productive; ripening early, and continuing a long time. The most profitable market sort.

Lawton (New Rochelle)—Fruit very large; intensely black when fully ripe. When matured, the fruit is very juicy, rather soft and tender, with a sweet, excellent flavor. It is of a very vigorous growth, hardy and exceedingly productive. Ripens about the first of August, and con- tinues in bearing a long time,

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The Snyder Blackberry.

62

Snyder—A marvel for productiveness; fruit medium size, sweet and melt- ing to the core. Because of its smaller size, it does not sell as well as the Dorchester, Kittatinny, or Lawton, but its value, of course, is its extreme hardiness, standing the Winters in those sections where the Kittatinny, Lawton and Dorchester kill down.

Taylor’s Prolific—A large fruit; melting, without core, and very pro- ductive, and equally as hardy and productive as the Snyder wherever tried; and being much larger, will make it a great favorite in sections where a large hardy kind is wanted.

Wilson’s Early—(From New Jersey). Very large, productive, good flavor, and one or two weeks earlier than Lawton. Requires protection here.

OO eR IN IS.

Currants may be used in so many ways, for making tarts, jellies and jams, wine, and other wholesome and refreshing drinks, so very palatable in warm sultry weather, that every family should have from one dozen to one hundred bushes, to furnish a supply for the year.

Set the plants three feet from each other, in rows five feet apart, requiring about three thousand plants per acre. Manure freely; keep the ground mellow, and free from grass and weeds, and a beautiful crop of fruit will amply repay you for the cost and labor.

Black Naples—Very large, black, rich, tender, and excellent for jellies and wine; very productive.

Cherry—Fruit of the very largest size; berries deep red. Not any more productive than other Currants, but a valuable one for market, on account of its size.

63

Wh:

Fay’s Prolific—New ; remarkable for;productiveness and size of berry ; bunches measuring four to six inches in lengthg Color rich red; much less acid than any red Currant ever grown by us. A great acquisition.

Lee’s>Prolific (Black)—A new foreign variety of great value. Fruit large, quality good; a very vigorous grower; enormously productive, rendering it very profitable.

La_Versailles (Feritle d’Angers)—Fruit of the largest size, and red; bunches resembling the Cherry Currant, but occasionally longer.

Red Dutech—Fruit large; deep red; thrifty, upright growth; very pro- ductive. An old, well known sort.

Wictoria—Berries as large as Red Dutch, bunches longer; of a bright red ; growth more slow, spreading, and very productive. Will hang on the bushes some two or three weeks longer than most Currants.

White Dutch—Thisiis precisely similar to Red Dutch in habit, but the

' fruit is larger, with rather shorter bunches; of a fine yellowish white color, with a very transparent skin; less acid than the Red Dutch, and also a few days earlier.

White Grape—bBerries very large; whitish yellow; sweet, and good; very productive. Branches; more horizontal than: White Dutch, and less vigorous.

GOOSESB Ein iy Hrs)

The Gooseberry is a very valuable crop for market, easily grown, yielding one hundred and fifty bushels per acre, is rapidly gathered with gloves on, and by running through a grain fan the leaves and light materials are blowm out, when the berries can be put in barrels and shipped to the best market, as they bear transportation well for a long distance. A plantation lasts for many years with ordinary cultivation. Set the plants three feet distance in rows, five feet apart, requiring about three thousand plants per acre. Great improvements have of late been made in the American varieties, constitu- ting a new era in the culture of this indispensable fruit.

AMERICAN VARIETIES,

Downing—Fruit somewhat larger than Houghton; whitish green, with the rib veins distinct; skin smooth; flesh rather soft; juicy, very good. Excellent for family use. Very productive.

Houghton’s Seedlimg—Fruit medium; skin smooth, pale red; flesh tender, sweet, and very good. Very productive, and generally free from mildew.

Mountain Seedlimg—Large, roundish oval; pale red; skin thick; quality medium. Plant a rapid grower, spreading habit; very produc- tive. Originated with the Shakers, at Lebanon, State of New York.

Smith’s Improved—Raised by Dr. Smith, of Vermont. This variety has the habit of growth, slender shoots, and medium vigor of the Houghton, with a much larger fruit, of a pale yellow or greenish yellow color; skin thin; excellent flavor; not surpassed by any other sort for eating and cooking quality. It ripens early, and is in use before other varieties.

Transparent—Origin, Ohio. New, large and handsome; almost trans- parent; flesh tender and inviting; plant moderately vigorous; growth varying; very productive.

Downing Gooseberry.

66

ENGLISH SORTS.

The English varieties are generally imported at one or two years growth, transplanted, and grown one year in this country before offered for sale. This class is much more liable to mildew than our native varieties, but

their large size and their peculiar flavor still commands a place in the garden of the amateur.

The following varieties are best adapted to our climate:

Crown Bob—Fruit large, oblong, hairy ; flavor first rate; best red.

Whitesmith—Fruit large, roundish oblong; downy; flavor first rate ; best white.

SOULE Nar @ Oanss

Asparagus—Giant. Asparagus—Conover’s Colossal. Rhubarb—Myatt’s Linnzus.

ORNAMENTAL DEPARTMENT.

DECIDUOUS TREES.

Abele (Populus). Snowy Mapre-Leaven (alba acerifolio). A tree of wonderfully rapid growth; leaves large, lobed, glossy green above, and white as snow beneath; prefers a moist soil, but flourishes anywhere.

Acacia (Robinia). Hisprpa (Rose, or Moss). A shrub-like tree, with many beautiful pendant rose-colored flowers.

Pszupo-Acacrta. The yellow locust.

Decaisnrana. A variety of the preceding, with delicate pink flowers ; very fine.

PYRAMIDAL (pyramidalis). An upright variety, with very dark foliage.

Ash (Frazinus). Evrorzan (excelsior). A lofty tree, with pinnate foliage and spreading head.

FLOWERING (ornus Europeus). A very ornamental, small tree; flowers fringe-like, greenish white, produced early in June in large clusters on the end of the branches.

Go.tp BarKeED (aurea). A fine conspicuous tree in Winter. Growth irregular. Wuuow-Leaven (salicifolia). A remarkable and beautiful variety, with narrow, wavy leaves. A robust, rapid grower. Alder (Alnus).

Imper1aL Cut-LEaven (laciniata imperialis). A new and beautiful tree; foliage large and deeply cut; quite distinct; perfectly hardy and vigorous; one of the finest cut-leaved trees in cultivation.

Apple (Pyrus Malus).

Cuinesr DovusiE-FLowERING (spectabilis). Has beautiful double, rose-

colored flowers, in clusters; blossoms with other Apples,

DovusLe WHITE FLOWERING.

\

68

River’s Semi1-DovusB.e.

Carnes Piensa. A beautiful variety, with delicate flesh-colored double flowers.

Beech (Fagus). PuRPLE-LEAVED (purpurea). A remarkable tree, with dark purplish red foliage. Contrasts finely with the green of other trees.

Birch (Betula). Downy-Leavep (Pubescens). Resembles the American White Birch, but,more vigorous. Branches slightly pendulous.

Bird Cherry (Prunus Padus). A rapid grower, beautiful tree, with glossy foliage; has long bunches of white flowers in May, succeeded by clusters of fruit-like black currants.

Catalpa.

Syrinea-Leaven (syringafolia). A showy, rapid growing, beautiful tree, with very large, heart-shaped leaves, and large pyramidal clusters a foot long, of white and purple flowers. Blooms latter end of July, when few trees are in blossom.

Elim (Ulmas). EneuisH (Campestris). An erect, lofty tree, with rather small leaves. Puree Leaven (stricta purpurea). A striking variety of the English, with erect branches, and small purplish leaves.

Scorcn or Wycu (montana). A fine spreading tree of rapid growth; foliage large.

AMERICAN WHITE or WEEPING (Americana alba). The noble spreading and drooping tree of our own forests.

Bbes-For Weeping Elms, see “‘ Weeping Trees.”

Horse Chestnut (sculus). Waits Frowerina. The common, well known species; a hardy, healthy tree, free from all diseases; covered in June with magnificent erect spikes or panacles of flowers, white, lightly marked with red.

Rep Fiowerine (Rubicunda). A splendid tree, with showy red flowers; blooms a little later than the white, and the leaves are of a deeper green.

Honey Locust.

THREE THoRNED AcaciA (Gleditschia Trtacanthos). A rapid growing tree, with delicate foliage, of a beautiful, fresh, lively green, and strong thorns. Makes an exceedingly handsome impenetrable and valuable hedge.

Judas Tree, or Red Bird (Cercis canadensis). Red flowering, covered with fine, delicate, purple flowers before the leaves appear. Leaves very large, roundish dark; very ornamental.

EvRoPEAN JUDAS TREE (cercis siliguastrum). A beautiful tree, much like the preceding; foliage deeper green, and flowers darker red.

Ad ay Waal W Bos

The Cut-leaved Weeping Birch.

70

Kentucky Coffee Tree (Gymnocladus canadensis). <A fine tree, with long, feathery foliage; stiff, blunt shoots; grows rapidly.

Kolreuteria (Paniculata). A small tree, with fine lobed leaves, and large panacles, of showy, yellow flowers, in the latter end of July; leaves change in Autumn to a fine yellow. Deserves much more attention than it receives.

Larch (Larix). Evrorrean (Huropeus). An elegant, rapid growing, pyramidal tree; valuable for timber. Small branches, drooping.

Laburnum (Cytisus). Eneuiso (Laburnum). <A beautiful tree, with long pendant raeemes or clear yellow blossoms in June, and smooth, shining foliage.

Linden (Tilia). Evrorgan (Europea). A very fine pyramidal tree, with large leaves and fragrant flowers.

AMERICAN oR Basswoop (Americana). <A rapid growing, beautiful na- tive tree, with very large leaves and fragrant flowers.

Magnolia.

CucumBer TREE (acuminata). <A noble, beautiful. tree, with very large leaves and yellow flowers, tinted with bluish purple.

UMBRELLA TREE (tripetela). A small-sized tree, with immense leaves, and large, white flowers, four to six inches in diameter. June.

CHANDELIER, or YULAN (conspicua). A beautiful Chinese variety, with large, white flowers that appear before the leaves. Tree of small size. April and May.

SprciosA. In habit of growth and color of ‘flowers, this variety some- what resembles Soulangeana, but surpasses it in the beautiful sym- metry of the tree and the wonderful profusion of its blossoms.

Sounanezs (Soulangeana). A variety of the preceding, with white and purple flowers; very fine. April and May.

Guaucous, or Swamp LavreEt (glauca). A small tree indigenous to New Jersey; leaves shining above, glaucus or whitish beneath. Flowers white, with a very sweet and pleasant odor. May and June.

GRANDIFLORA. The finest of all broad-leaved Evergreen trees.

Maple (Acer).

Suaar (saccharinum). A well-known native tree, valuable both for the production of sugar and for its wood; its stately growth, fine form and foliage make it desirable as an ornamental and shade tree.

SitveR-LEAVED (dasycarpum). Leaves white underneath. Growth very rapid; a valuable street and park tree.

71

= IHG, Keine PES

The Oak-leaved Mountain Ash.

72

Purpie-LEAVED (purpurea). A beautiful variety of the European Syca- more; leaves purplish red underneath.

Norway (platanoides). A fine European species, with broad foliage.

Wier’s Cut-Leaved Maple—Introduced in 1873. is a variety of the Silver-Leaved, and one of the most remarkable and beautiful trees with cut or dissected foliage. Its growth is rapid, shoots slender and drooping, giving it a habit almost as graceful as the Cut-Leaved Birch. The foliage is abundant, silvery underneath, and on the young wood especially, deeply and delicately cut. The leaf stalks are long and tinted with red on the upper surface. We believe it will rank at once among the most interesting and attractive lawn trees, and may be easily adapted to small places by an occasional cutting back, which it will bear to any degree necessary, as well as a willow.

Mountain Ash (Pyrus Sorbus).

EvuropkEan (aucuparia). A fine, hardy tree; head dense and regular covered from July to Winter with great clusters of bright scarlet berries.

AMERICAN (Americana). A tree of coaser growth and foliage, and larger and lighter colored berries.

Oaxk-LEAVED (quercifolia). A variety with large, hoary, lobed leaves, distinct and fine.

Larae-Leavep (hybrida). A variety of the preceding, with larger leaves of a downy white; very distinct.

True Sors (domestica), Foliage like the American, but more serrated, large, brown fruit.

Oak (Quercus). A

Pyramipat (fastigiata) (Fordii). A variety of the European Evergreen Oak of very upright growth. A beautiful tree.

Peach (Amygdalus).

DovuBLE-FLOWERING (persica plena). A highly ornamental tree, flowers double, rose colored, like small roses.

DovusiE-W its (alba plena). Very ornamental; flowers pure white and double; perfectly hardy.

DouBLE-CRIMsoN (sanguinea plena). Flowers semi-double, not quite as hardy as the preceding. CARNATION-FLOWERING. Beautifully striped like a carnation.

Various CoLorep (versi color fl. pl.). The most singular of all our flow- ering trees ; flowers variously white and red or variegated on the tree at the same time; flowers early and perfectly hardy.

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Purpws, or Bioop-Leavep. Resembling in growth,the common Peach, but very distinct in foliage, which is a bright-crimson red, glossy, like burnished copper, and producing fruit of good quality ; very beautiful and desirable.

Paulownia.

IMPERIAL JAPAN (Imperialis). A magnificent tropical-looking tree, sur- passing all others in the size of its leaves; twelve to fourteen inches in diameter; quite hardy here, but the flower buds are killed during severe Winters; growth extremely rapid.

ai Poplar (Populus).

LoMBARDY, or ITALIAN ( fastigiata). Well known, and remarkable for

its erect, rapid growth and spiry form.

Bautsam (balsamifera). A remarkably rapid growing, luxuriant tree, with large, glossy foliage.

Carolina—lIs very desirable for planting along the road side or street, or around buildings, where a thick growing tree is wanted for shade or protection, or along the sea shore where less vigorous trees will not suc- ceed. It is easy to live when transplanted, makes an upright, straight, rapid growth, with a moderately spreading head; is perfectly hardy and healthy, not troubled with insects; does not sucker nor lift up the pavement; will stand the effects of gas without injury. The leaves are of a dark, glossy green, and of good size, affording an ample shade. It is the tree for the million, and when properly planted success is certain.

Salisburia, or Maiden Hair Tree (Adianitifolia). A rare, beautiful tree, with remarkable fan-like foliage.

Sweet Gum (Itquidamber styraciflua). A fine, native, ornamental tree, with foliage resembling the Maple, which changes to a bright red in Autumn. ; :

Tulip Tree (Liriodendron tulipifera). A magnificent native tree, with broad, glossy, fiddle-shaped leaves, and beautiful tulip-like flowers; allied to the Magnolias, and like them, difficult to transplant, unless of small size.

Virgilia, or Yellow Wood (lutea). One of the finest American trees, resembling the Robinias, with long, graceful racemes of white, sweet- scented flowers in June.

Willow (Saliz).

RosEMARY-LEAVED (rosmarina folia). Makes a striking and pretty, small

tree, when worked standard high. Branches feathery, with silver foliage.

74

WEEPING OR DROOPING DECIDUOUS TREES,

Ash (Fraxinus).

GoLD-BARKED WEEPING (aurea pendula). A singular variety; bark in Winter yellow as gold.

GoLp-STRIPED Bark Weerpine. A novel variety, with distinctly varie- gated foliage and weeping habit.

EvuroPgEAN WHeEPING (eacelsior pendula). The common, well-known sort, one of the finest lawn and abor trees; covers a great space and grows rapidly.

Beecla (fagus).

WEEPING (pendula). A variety of the European Beech, with a decided

drooping habit; a very graceful tree. Birela (Betula).

European WEEPING (pendula). A charming, drooping tree, after four

or five years’ growth. Erect when young.

Cur-Lravep WesPING (laciniata pendula). An elegant, erect tree, with slender, drooping branches and delicately cut leaves.

ELEGANT WrEPING—A variety as drooping as the Kilmarnock Willow. One of the greatest acquisitions in many years.

Cherry (Cerasus).

Dwarr WEEPING (pumila). Grafted standard high; this makes a curious and beautiful little round headed, drooping tree, difficult to work and always scarce.

Elm (Ulmus).

ScotcH WEEPING (montana pendula). A vigorous growing tree, with graceful, drooping branches, very distinct.

CamPERDOwN. The most graceful weeper of all the Elms; foliage large, of a deep green; very ornamental.

“ Linden, or Lime Tree (Tilia). Wuitr-Leavep Weerine (alba pendula). A very beautiful tree, with large foliage and slender, drooping shoots. ; Mountain Ash (Sorbus).

WEEPING (aucuparia pendula). A beautiful French variety, of rapid growth and decidedly pendulous.

>

¥ yi Mit y N 44 Haein WS HU NURS ( WNOy/ AAS fi ny NY } WH

SSS iLL

The Weeping Mountain Ash.

76

Poplar (Populus).

GRANDIDENTATA PgeNpULA. A variety with long slender branches droop- ing to the ground; foliage large and deeply serrated.

Willow (Salix).

WEEPING (Babylonica). Our common and well-known Weeping Willow.

AMERICAN WEEPING (Americana pendula). An American dwarf, slender branched species, grafted five or six feet high; it makes one of the most ornamental of small weeping trees; more hardy than the Baby- lonica.

‘Kitmarnock WEEPING (caprea pendula). An exceedingly graceful tree,

with large glossy leaves; one of the finest of this class of trees; very hardy.

EVERGREEN TREES.

Arbor VWitze ( Thuja.)

AMERICAN (Occidentalis). The common White Cedar; excellent for screens and hedges.

Srperian (Siberica). The best of all the gems for the country—exceed- ingly hardy, keeping color well in Winter; growth compact and pyramidal, makes an elegant lawn tree, of great value for ornamental screens and hedges.

Ericoipes. A new dwarf variety with heath-like foliage; forms a dense little shrub.

PYRAMIDAL. Very upright, same habit as Irish Juniper, growth very dense, with rich, dark, luxuriant, green foliage; to our fancy far surpassing any of the Juniper family, while its superior hardiness entitles it to a place in every yard or lawn.

Tom THums. A new dwarf variety of the American Arbor Vite,! re- markable for its slow growth and compact symmetrical habit.

CHINESE, or ORIENTAL (orientalis). A small, elegant tree, with erect branches, and dense flat, light green foliage; becomes brown in Winter.

GOLDEN (aurea). A variety of the preceding, with a yellowish hue, very beautiful and hardy.

Compacta. A variety of the Chinese, but more dwarf and compact, with a conical head of a bright green color; perfectly hardy; native of Japan. :

Cypress (Cupressus).

Lawson’s (Lawsoniana). From California; one of the most beautiful of all.

ce

7. =

Si

Willow.

ing

The Kilmarnock Weep

78

Juniper (Juniperus).

VirRGINIAN (Virginiana). The Red Cedar. A well-known American tree, varies much in habit and color of foliage, some being quite stiff, regular and conical, and others loose and irregular. It makes a fine ornamental hedge plant.

IrisH (Hibernica). A tapering, pretty little tree.

SweEpIsH (suecica). A small sized handsome pyramidal tree, with bluish green foliage.

Savin (sabina). A low spreading, dark green shrub; thrives in the poorest soil.

tS

Pimes (Pinus).

AUSTRIAN or Biack (Austriaca). A remarkably robust, hardy spread-- ing tree, leaves long, stiff, and dark green; growth rapid; valuable for this country.

Dwarr or Mountain (pumilis). A low, spreading, curious species, at- taining only the size of a bush, foliage similar to that of the Scotch.

Scotce Pine (sylvestris). A fine, robust, rapid growing tree, with stout, erect shoots, and silvery green foliage.

Wuite Pine (strobus). The most ornamental of all our native pines; foliage light, delicate or’silvery green; flourishes in the poorest soils,

Retinospora squarrosa—Hardy small evergreen of the greatest value both for contrast of color and form.

f Puumosa (Plume-like). One of the best of Japanese introductions, be- ing hardy and graceful, with delicate glaucous foliage.

Silver Firs (Picea). j

BatsaM Fir (balsamea). A very erect, regular, pyramidal tree, with dark green sombre foliage; grows rapidly.

Pinsapo SILver Fir (pinsapo). An elegant tree, with singular, roundish, sharp pointed leaves all around the branches and shoots; quite distinct and hardy.

The Spruce Firs (Abies).

Norway (excelsa). A lofty, elegant tree, branches droop when the trees attain the height of fifteen or twenty feet; some varieties are more drooping than others.

Hemtiock, or Wrepine (canadensis). An elegant pyramidal tree, with drooping branches, and delicate dark foliage, like that of the Yew, distinct from all other trees. It is a beautiful lawn tree, and makes a highly ornamental hedge.

Wuirr American (Alba). A tall tree, with loose, spreading branches, and light green foliage.

Buack (nigra). A pyramidal compact tree, with smootb, blackish bark,

* and bluish leaves.

Dwarf Arbor Vite.

80

The Yew (Taxus).

Eecantissima. Silver variegated Yew. A very handsome variety, having silvery white striped leaves, sometimes changing to straw color.

Iris (Hibernica). A well-known upright variety ; foliage deep green; very distinct.

DECIDUOUS SHRUBS. Acacia (Robina).

Rosz, or Moss Locust (hispida). A spreading, irregular shrub, with long, elegant clusters of rose-colored flowers in July, and at intervals all the season.

Althea Frutex (Hibiscus syriacus).

SrncGLE Purpie. Fine plant, strong grower. SINGLE VARIEGATED, or PaintEp Lapy. Fine, double flowering, varie- gated; pink and white. DoustE Rep. Fine double red flowers. -DousLE Purpis. Double reddish purple; fine. ELecantissima. Beautiful double rose-color. VARIEGATED-LEAVED. A conspicuous variety, with foliage finely marked with light yellow, and double purple flowers. The Altheas are fine, free growing, flowering shrubs, of the easiest culti- vation. Very desirable on account of blooming in the Autumn months, when scarcely any other tree or shrub isin blossom. August and September.

Almond (Amygdatus).

Dwarr DousLe FLowERINnG (pumila). A beautiful shrub, with small double rosy blossoms. :

Dwaks DoupLte Waite FLowerine (pumila alba). Azalea, HonrysuckLe or Swamp PINK.

Pink FLowrerina AMERICAN (nudi flora). Amorpha, or Bastarp InpiGo.

SHRuBBY (frutidosa). FRAGRANT (fragrans).

Fine large shrubs, with long spikes of violet purple flowers in July. Amelanchier.

ALPINE (vulgaris). A medium sized shrub, five or six feet high, with glossy leaves, flowers white. Blossoms in May, succeeded by a small purple fruit.

81

The Norway Spruce.

82

Berberry (Berberis). AMERICAN (canadensis). Red fruited. Purpie-Leavep (purpurea). An interesting and beautiful variety, with violet purple leaves and fruit.

Calycanthus, Sweret-Scantrep Surus, or ALLspice. Very desirable. The wood is fragrant, foliage rich, flowers of rare, chocolate color, and have a peculiar agreeable odor. They blossom in June, and at intervals afterwards.

Cormus, or Doawoon. Rep BRANCHED (sanguinea). Very conspicuous and ornamental in Winter, when the bark is blood red.

VARIEGATED-LEAVED (variegata). Desirable for its distinctly variegated foliage. This and the preceding have white flowers in June, and make large, spreading shrubs.

Currant (Ribes).

Gorpon’s. A variety between the crimson and yellow flowering, with beautiful pendant bunches of crimson and yellow flowers in May. Hardy, and a most profuse bloomer.

Daphne.

Muzeron Pink (Mezereum Rubrum). Flowers appear very early, before the leaves, and are very beautiful.

Trainine (Cneorum). A very low evergreen shrub, blooming at intervals from May to November; flowers rose-color.

Deutzia.

Roucu-Leavep (scabra). One of the most beautiful, profuse white flowering shrubs. June.

SLENDER-BRANCHED (gracilis). A charming species, introduced from Japan by Dr. Seibold; flowers pure white. Fine for out pot culture, as it flowers freely in a low temperature in the Winter.

CRENATE-LEAVED (crenata). A fine shrub, nearly as strong as the scabra, and profuse flowering as the gracilis.

Crenara (fl., pl.). Similar in growth and habit to the above; flowers double; white, tinged with rose. The finest flowering shrub in cultivation

Euomymus, STRAWBERRY, or SPINDLE TREE.

AMERICAN (Americanus), A very ornamental large shrub, or small tree, covered with glowing crimson fruit from August to November.

European (Huropeus). Fruit rose-colored.

a

PRGA Ki en C4 Re

The Irish Juniper,

84 Filbert (Corylus).

PuRPLE-LEAVED (purpurea). A very conspicuous shrub, with large, dark purple leaves; distinct and fine.

Cur-LEAVED (laciniata). A very ornamental shrub, with deeply cut foliage.

Forsythia.

Viripissima. Leaves deep green; flowers bright yellow, very early in Spring. A fine, hardy shrub, introduced by Mr. Fortune, from China..

Suspensa. A straggling shrub, resembling the preceding, but much more slender and delicate grower. Native of Japan.

Fortunes. A new variety : growth more upright than the preceding;__ foliage deep green; flowers bright yellow. @ Malesia, or Sitver BEL.

Four Wine@ep FRuirep (tetraptera). A beautiful, large shrub, with pretty, white, bell-shaped flowers in May.

Honeysuckles, Upright. (Lonicera).

Rep TarTAnrIAn (Zortarica ruba). A well-known shrub; flowers bright pink, which appear in May.

Waite Tarrarian (Tartarica alba.) Like the preceding, but has dull white flowers.

Hydrangea Paniculata Grandiflora. A fine shrub, growing from eight to: ten feet high; flowers white, in great pyramidal panacles a foot long; decidedly the finest flowering shrub of recent introduction. Perfectl hardy.

Lilae (Syringa.) Common PurRPLeE (vulgaris.) Common WHITE (vulgaris albc.)

CHARLES THE X. A strong, rapid growing variety, with large, shining leaves; flowers reddish purple.

CHIONANTHUS-LEAVED (josikea). A fine, distinct species, with dark, shining leaves and purple flowers.

PrrsIAN Purpie (percica). Foliage very small; flowers bright purple.

PERSIAN WHITE percicu alba.) A variety of the preceding, with deli- cate white flowers, shaded with crimson.

Prunus Trilobata. A highly interesting and desirable addition to hardy shrubs; flowers semi-double, of a delicate pink, upwards of an inch in diameter, thickly set on the long slender branches; hardy. Native of China. -

SS ZZ

oe

Woe

— 7) DE y ( SEFU = /

The Austrian Pine.

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Privet, or Prim (Ligusirum). Common (vulgare). Has pretty spikes of white flowers, succeeded by bunches of black berries, like currants; makes beautiful hedges. Wuitrt BrerrieD. <A variety with white berries.

Purple Fringe Tree, or Venit1An Sumacu (Rhus cotinus). A much admired shrub, for its curious fringe or hair-like flowers that cover the whole surface of the plant in midsummer. It grows ten to twelve feet high, and spreads so as to require considerable space.

Quince (Cydonia).

ScaRLET JAPAN (japonica). Has bright scarlet crimson flowers in great profusion in the early spring; one of the best hardy shrubs‘in the catalogue.

Dark Crimson (alrosanguinea). A vigorous variety, with large, glossy foliage and dark crimson flowers.

Spiree.

DovusiE-FLowERING Pium-LEAVED (prunifolia fl. pl.). Very beautiful; its flowers are like daisies; blossoms in May. From Japan.

Catiosa ALBA. A new white flowering variety, of Dwarf habit; very fine.

Lance-Leaven lanccolata, or Reevesti) Narrow, pointed leaves, and large round clusters of white flowers, that cover the whole plant; a charm- ing shrub; blooms in May.

Dovauas (Douglassii). Has spikes of beautiful deep rose-colored flowers in July and August.

Lance-Leavep Dovusie (lanceolata, or Reevessii fi. pl.). A beautiful double flowering variety.

Fortune's (Fortunit, or collosa). Has large panacles of deep rosy blossoms; grows freely, and blossoms nearly all Summer; fine.

Binuarpi. Rose-colored; blooms nearly all Summer.

Aurea (opulifolia aurea). An interesting variety, with golden-yellow tinted foliage; very conspicuous.

The Spires are all elegant, low shrubs, of the easiest culture, and their blooming extends over a period of three months. Sloe (Prunas spinosa).

Dovsie Firowerinc. A small tree, or large shrub, covered in Spring with small, double daisy-like white flowers, succeeded by small, dark purple fruit.

Syringa, or Mock Orange (Philadelphus).

GARLAND (coronarius). A well-known shrub, with pure, sweet-scented

flowers.

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HEArRtT-LEAVED (cordatas). Has large heart-shaped leaves, and large flowers.

LarcE Fiowerep (Grandiflorus). Has very showy, large flowers, slightly fragrant; branches somewhat straggling.

Tamarix.

AFrican (Africana). This is a very beautiful shrub, with small leaves, somewhat like the Juniper, and delicate small flowers in spikes.

Viburnum.

Snow Batu (opulous var, steritis). A well-known favorite shrub of large size, with globular clusters of white flowers in June.

Hie, or Bush Cranperry. Both ornamental and useful. Its fruit is esteemed by many; resembles the preceding in wood and foliage.

Earty Wuirre Lantana-Leavep (lantanoides). A large, robust shrub, with soft, hoary leaves, and large clusters of white flowers in May; retains its foliage very late; quite ornamental in all respects.

PurcATuM—Japan Snow Batu. Moderate upright growth, picturesque, compact habit, brown shoots, solid, crinkled or plicated, rich green leaves, balls of white flowers larger, and more solid than those of the common Snow Ball, and hanging long on the bush. A remarkably choice and valuable shrub.

Weigela.

Rosr Cotorep (rosea). An elegant shrub, with fine rose-colored flow- ers, introduced from China by Mr. Fortune, and considered one of the finest plants he has discovered. Quite hardy; blossoms in May.

AMABILIS, or SPLENDENS. Of much more robust habit, larger foliage and flowers, and blossoms freely in Autumn. A great acquisition.

VARIEGATED-LEAVED Lovety Weiceta. A desirable hardy shrub, leaves bordered with yellowish white; flowers bright pink; very fine.

Hortensis Nivea. Flowers white, retaining their purity the whole time of flowering; foliage large; habit vigorous; a very profuse bloomer.

Asa. Flowers white, changing to a light, delicate blush; foliage light green; very distinct.

IsoxtinrE. Flowers clear white when first open, changing to a blush ; habit like Alba; a beautiful shrub.

White Fringe (Chionanthus virginica). A fine shrub, or small tree, with large foliage and racemes of delicate greenish white flowers, resembling cut paper.

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EVERGREEN SHRUBS.

Aucuba.

Japan Goutp Dust Tree (japonica). A beautiful shrub, with large shining gold-blotched foliage; requires protection in Winter.

Ashberry (Mahonia.)

Hotiy-Leavep (aquifolia). A distinct and beautiful shrub, with purp- lish, pricky leaves, and showy, bright yellow flowers in May.

CiustER FLOWERED (fascicularis). Very little different from the pre- ceding.

CrREEPING-RooTeD (repens). A dwarf species, similar in foliage and flowers to the preceding.

These are, without any exception, the finest Evergreen shrubs which resist our Winters. They bloom profusely very early in spring. Berberry (Berberis).

Darwinit. A beautiful dwarf shrub, with a profusion of yellow flow- ers; very early in Spring.

Box (Buzus). Dwarr (suffruticosa). The well known sort used for edging.

Euonymus (RadicasVarigata). A charming shrub, of dwarf and trailing habit. It is perfectly hardy, and has foliage beautifully varigated with silvery white, tinted with red in winter... Unsurpassed for edging. «

Tree Box Bucxus arborescens. Common. Go.p-STRIPED LEAVED. SILVER-STRIPED LEAVED. Broap-LEAVED. Myrrtie-LEeAaveEp.

The species and varieties of the Tree Box are beautiful lawn shrubs or ‘small trees, well adapted tosmall places. They flourish best when partially shaded. . |

‘Cotoneaster. Box LEAvED (buxifolia) Rounp LEAvED (rotundifolia).

Beautiful, low spreading shrubs, with small foliage, white flowers and red berries.

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Daphne. Cniorum. A beautiful evergreen shrub of dwarf habit, with bright pink flowers in June and August. Holly (Ilex). AMERICAN (opaca). Our,well-known native tree. Laurel (Laurus). EnGuisH (laurocerasus), One of the finest Evergreen trees, with broad, shining leaves’; too tender for our Winters. Pyracantha, EverGcreen THORN, or BurninG Bus (Crategus pyracantha).

A low, bushy plant, retaining its foliage all Winter; bears orange scar- let berries; makes a very ornamental hedge.

Rhododendron, or Rosebay. CatawsBa (Catawbiense). Varieties.

The Rhododendrons are the most magnificent flowering Evergreen shrubs we possess. All prefer a peaty soilgand somewhat shaded situation. The Catawbiense varieties are the most hardy, and succeed in our climate better than any other.

CLIMBING AND TRAILING SHRUBS.

Akebia Quinata—A singular{Japanese climbing shrub, with fine foliage and ornamental fruit.

Ampelopsis. AMERICAN Ivy, or VIRGINIA CREEPER (hederacea). Has beautiful digitate leaves, that become rich crimson in Autumn; a very rapid grower; like the Bignonia and Ivy, it throws out roots at the joints by which

it fastens itself to anything it touches. i VEITCHII, or TRICUSPIDATA (Japan). Leaves smaller than those of the common Virginia creeper, and overlap one another, forming a dense sheet of green. When once established it grows rapidly and clings by its rootlets more perfectly than other Ampelopsis; foliage rich and

glossy in Summer, crimson in Autumn.

Birthwort. or Dutchman’s Pipe (Aristolochia).

Trus-FLOWERED (Sipho). A very rapid climber, with magnificent dark green foliage, ten to twelve inches in diameter, and curious pipe-shaped yellowish brown flowers.

Bignonia, or Trumpet Flower.

Rapicans. A splendid, hardy, climbing plant, with large, trumpet-

shaped, scarlet flowers in August.

5 ‘

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Celastrus, or Staff Tree.

Scanpens. A native climbing or twining plant, with fine, large leaves, yellow flowers, and cluster of orange capsuled fruits. It grows ten or tavelve feet in a season.

CLEMATIS, OR VIRGIN’S BOWER.

The Clematis are elegant slender-branched shrubs, of rapid growth, beauti- ful large flowers of different colors, white, blue, purple, and two-colored, and some are quite fragrant, especially the flammula and varieties. They are well adapted for training on trellis-work, and grow from ten to fifteen feet high. They stand the severest Winters, if the roots are slightly covered.

Aureliani—Rich porcelaineblue; sepals large, thick and velvety, similar to C. lanuginosa.

Flammula—tThe old fragrant species, producing large clusters of small, pure white flowers.

Fortumii—Large, double, greenish white, rosette-formed, sweet-scented. Valuable.

Gloire de St. Juliem—Flowers exceedingly large, often eight inches in diameter, clear white, with a slight bluish tinge in the center.

Grahami—a very early species, of rampant growth; flowers numerous, small, bellsshaped, white.

Weleme—One of the oldest of the improved kinds, with handsome, large, pure white flowers.

Henryi (Anderson-Henry). A splendid hybrid, between C. lanuginosa and C. Fortunii, It is of robust habit, very. free bloomer, flowers large and finely formed, and of a beautiful creamy white.

Hybrida splendida—Flowersjof large size, clear blue in color; a profuse bloomers

Imperatrice}/Eugenie—A('superb’French‘variety of recent introduction. Flowers of the largést size, pure white, with thick, broad sepals.

Jackmanii—tThis variety bears a profusion of large sized, intense violet- purple flowers (six inches across), richly veined, and shaded with red- dish purple. It is a rapid grower, an early and abundant bloomer; perfectly hardy and adapted tofall kinds"of culture, it is equally fine either as a climbing or a trailing plant, and is well adapted for covering up all unsightly objects.” Planted out in a border or flower bed it will

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produce the finest effect and give a continuous bloom through a long season, year after year. For training on poles or pillars in the flower garden, they become the most resplendant objects of Summer floral beauty and monuments of flowers. To insure all this, it is only neces- sary to remember that it must have good culture, liberal dressings of well-rotted manure, and in the Summer season, during dry weather, plenty of moisture; with this simple treatment as a trailer or climber it will be found to present a surpassing beauty,

Jeanne de Arc—A vigorous and very beautiful French Clematis, with large, broad, pure white sepals, with a pale blue bar in the center of each.

John Gould Veitceh—This superb variety has received a number of the highest prizes for excellence. Very large, bright, clear blue, per- fectly double, with thick, broad sepals.

Lady Bovill—Flowers of large size, with incurved sepals, pale blue, and of good substance.

Lawsoniana (Anderson Henry)—This magnificent hybrid is one of the same parentage as the above. Flowers immense in size, haying measured 93 inches in diameter; color, beautiful rosy purple, slightly marked with darker veins. Lawson & Son’s introduction,

Lady Londesborough—A very handsome kind, comparatively new. Silver gray, with pale bar in center of each sepa]. Extra fine.

Lucie Lemoine (Zemoine)—A hybrid between C. patens and C. Fortunii. This is without doubt the nearest approach that has yet been made to a double Clematis. Flowers from 43 to 5 inches across, very sym- metrical in form and snow white in color.

Monstrosa—Large, crimped sepals, semi-double, of a greenish white color. Unique. :

Perfecta—Beautiful tinted white flowers of large size; the woolys!eaved type.

Sieboldi (Bicolor)—A beautiful old kind with greenish white sepals, with a mass of purple petal-like leaves in the center.

Sophia — Another valuable old variety, with very large, pale blue flowers, Very free bloomer.

Sophia fi. pl.—A form of the preceding, with semi-double flowers; also blooms freely.

Standishi—Of the C. Florida type, with large, dark-purplish blue flowers, Blooming quite early.

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Star of India—A new variety, with reddish plum-colored sepals, marked with red bars on each.

Symesiama (Anderson-Henry). Also sent out by Lawson & Son, and raised from C. lanuginosa and C. Fortunii. Flowers very large, from 7 to 8 inches in diameter, and of a beautiful shade of pale mauve or lavender color. A very profuse bloomer.

Vitalba (Traveler's Joy). Native European species, of rampant growth. Flowers in large clusters, white.

Witicella—An old and valuable species, growing vigorously, with nodding blue flowers on single stems.

JASMINUM—Jessamine.

Fruticanms—Suruspy Jessamine. Not properly a vine, but a shrub, with long, slender branches, producing early in the season small yellow flowers.

Nudifloruwm—Naxkep-FLowERInG JESSAMINE. Blooms very early in the season ; a few warm days being sufficient to open out its golden yellow flowers.

Officimale—Common Waits Jessamine. An old, but still popular climber, with exceedingly fragrant flowers. Foliage graceful and pretty.

Var. variegatum—GoLDEN VARIEGATED JESSAMINE. A variety that has given entiresatisfaction. The bright markings are pure white, golden yellow, and pink, never scorching in the least; in fact, the colors become more vivid during the heat of Summer. Flowers white, and deliciously fragrant. Excellent for pot culture.

LONICERA—Honeysuckle,

Brachypoda—New Jaran EverGreen Honrysuckie. Especially valu- able for its remarkable vigorous growth, and numerous white aud yellow fragrant flowers.

Var. Aurea Reticulata—Go.pen-Veinep HonrysucKLe. A newer form, with elegantly veined and netted foliage. Succeeds well in every situation here.

Walliama—Hatv’s New Japan Honrysuckir. A new kind, and probably a mere form of L. brachypoda, with pure white, exceedingly fragrant flowers. It isundoubtedly a great acquisition.

Japonica.

EVERGREEN Honrysuckir. An old favorite, holding its leayes mainly through the Winter. Flowers red, yellow and white, variegated; sweet scented.

Magneville. MaAGNevILLE’s Honrysucktr. A beautiful Evergreen species, with pale yellowish-white fragrant flowers.

Parvifiora var. Douglasi.

Doveias’ Hongysuckie. Leaves large, downy; flowers deep crimson, or’‘purplish red, and very conspicuous.

Periclymenum var. Belgicum.

Montuiy Dutcu Honrysuckis. Blooms throughout the season ; flowers exceedingly fragrant; red and yellow color.

Searlet Trumpet Monthly (sempervirens). A strong, rapid grower; blooms all Summer; very showy.

Yellow Trumpet (aurea). A well-known variety with yellow trumpet flowers.

Ivy (hedera). BroaD-LEAVED VARIEGATED (latimaculata). Leaves distinctly variegated. Irish (canariensis), The well-known old sort.

Moonseed (Menispermum),

CANADIAN (canadense). A pretty, native, twining, slender-branched shrub, with small yellow flowers and black berries.

Periploca.

Virainia SILK (greca). A rapid growing, beautiful climber; will twine around a tree or other support to the height of thirty to forty feet; foliage glossy ; flowers curious; brown.

Wisteria, or Glycine.

CHINESE WHITE (sinensis alba). Recently introduced by Mr. Fortune, from China, and regarded as one of his greatest acquisitions.

Maenirica. Flowers in dense, drooping racemes of a pale lilac, of the same size as the Chinese, with the graceful foliage of the American; vigorous and perfectly hardy.

CHINESE (sinensis), One of the most elegant and rapid growing of all climbing plants; attains an immense size, growing at the rate of fifteen or twenty feet in a season; has long, pendulous clusters of pale blue flowers in Spring and Autumn.

ROSES.

EAR DY, SUV E@sits:

Varieties especially recommended are marked thus. *

HYBRID CHINA ROSES.

These are free, rapid growers, with long, flexible shoots, generally well adapted for Pillar Roses ; they usually attain the height of five or six feet the first or second season after planting. The tallest growers, and best for pillars are designated by a P.

Charles Duval—Deep rose; large, and finely formed.

Chenedolle (P.)—Very large, double and fragrant; light crimson, of dazzling brightness.

*Charles Lawson—Bright rose; large and fine form. Elizabeth—Light blush; double and fine.

*George IV (P.)—Dark velvety crimson, shaded with purple; very late and fine.

*Great Westerm (P.)—Purplish red; large, and blooms in clusters; showy.

King of Prussia (P.)—Large and double; purplish red.

*Lady Stuart—Delicate blush, globular and large.

London Pride (P.)—Bright pink, changing to purple. : *Madam Plantier—Pure white; blooms in great clusters; very fine.

Triomphe @d’ Abbeville (P.)—Full’and double, rosy purple, very bright and fine.

Victor Hugo—Rosy lilac, globular; large and double.

95 PROVENCE, DAMASK, AND FRENCH ROSES,

WITH THEIR HYBRIDS.

The Province Roses, of which the old “ Cabbage” is the type, are the most fragrant of any in the catalogue, and also large and globular. The Damask Roses are also beautiful, mostly of pure white or light colors. Madame Hardy is a good example of this class. The foliage is rough and hard, and of a remarkable light green compared with others. The Gallica, or French Roses, so designated, are remarkable for their stiff, erect growth. Their flowers are large, of regular and erect outline, and of various and brilliant colors.

Common Provence—Rose-color; large, double, and very sweet. Centifolia Crestata—Light blush; very large. A superb rose.

_ Double Margined Hep—A creamy white, edged with purplish red; a magnificent rose.

Duke of Orleans—Bright rose, spotted with white; large.

Duchess of Cumberland—Deep rose; large, expanded and double. George Vibert—Striped red and white.

*Madame Hardy—A beautiful, large, full and double white rose.

Triomphe de Jaussens—Rosy crimson, shaded with purple; very double; one of the finest of this class.

Unique, or White Provence—Pure white; very large and double.

MOSS ROSES.

Great.acquisitions have recently been made in this most popular class of roses. The following selection comprises the most beautiful, distinct and valuable of both new and old, that are in cultivation:

Celina—Red, changing to violet; very fine.

Common Blush—Large, full and double; grows freely, and blossoms profusely. :

Crimson—Double; bright crimson; very mossy. *Crested—Rose; beautiful and curious mossy fringed calyx.

Duchesse D’Ystra—Color of the common moss; very large; cupped and imbricated; very vigorous.

Etna—Crimson, becoming carmine; bright and beautiful.

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Luxembourg—Large cupped, fine purplish crimson ; a luxuriant grower and free bloomer. Marie de Blois—Clear satiny lilac; large and fine.

Madame Alboni—Clear bright pink, changing to blush ; very mossy ; superb.

Mrs. Wood—Bright rose ; very mossy ; vigorous.

Princess Alice—Rosy carmine; free grower and bloomer.

Princess Adelaide—Blush, becoming very pale; very double and well formed; the most vigorous grower of all the mosses.

Reine Blanche—Pure white; very large; vigorous.

Wm. Lobb—Light crimson purple; large and double.

Norz.—The Moss Roses should have the richest soil that can be given them ; and every way a liberal treatment. The more delicate sorts should be clcsely pruned every year.

CLIMBING ROSES.

These are admirably adapted for covering walls, trellises, old trees, un- sightly buildings, etc. Among them the Prairie Roses take the first rank. Their rapid growth, perfect hardiness, luxuriant foliage, immense clusters of beautiful flowers, and their late blooming, commend them at once to every one who wants a splendid Climbing Rose.

The Ayrshires, from their slender growth, are, properly speaking, running roses, and are best for covering banks, buildings, or unsightly objects; they are also remarkable for growing and flourishing in the poorest soil. They run twenty feet in a single season.

Ayrshire Roses. QUEEN OF THE BELGIANS. Pure white. SPLENDENS. Creamy-white; fine. Boursalt Roses. Crimson. Bright purplish crimson: showy. Evergreen Roses (Sempervirens). ; Feicit—E PERPETUELLE. Creamy-white, small and double as a Ranun- culus; requires slight protection here. Multifiori Roses.

Dre LA GRIFFERAIE. Purple and carmine, changing to rose; large and fine; very vigorous.

97 EUGENE GREVILLE, or SEVEN Sisters. Clusters large; flowers of various colors, from blush to crimson. The Multifloras are fine, profuse flowering roses; they are somewhat tender, and require slight protection here, Prairie Roses (Rubifolia).

Anna Marta. Blush, tinged with flesh in the center; well formed; clusters large.

“BEAUTY, Or QUEEN OF THE Prarrigs. Bright rosy red, frequently with a white stripe; large, compact and globular.

*BattimoreE Betz. Pale blush, becoming nearly white; very compact and double; the finest of the class.

Mrs. Hovey. Pale delicate blush, becoming almost white; resembles Baltimore Belle.

PERPETUAL Pink. Rosy pink, changing to purple. For Climbing Roses, not hardy, see Noisettes, Banksias, ete.

AUSTRIAN OR YELLOW ROSES.

Austrian. YELLow. Single; bright yellow; early. Copper. Single; orange and red. Harrison’s. Double yellow; very showy and fine.

*PersIAN. Double; deep golden yellow, and much’ the finest of all hardy yellow roses; blooms early.

All the Austrian Roses are very desirable, being distinct, hardy, and blooming quite early. The Harrison and Persian are the two best.

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PERPETUAL OR AUTUMNAL ROSs:

[Blooming at intervals from June to November. ]

PERPETUAL MOSS ROSES,

No class of Roses at this time attracts more attention than the Perpetual Moss. It now contains more fine varieties. The following are the best yet introduced .

Alfred de Dalmas—Blush with rosy center; blooms freely. “Madam Edward Ory—Bright rosy carmine; large and fine; one of the best.

*Perpetual White—Pure white, with often a pink stripe; large clus- ters of buds and flowers; blooms freely. -

*“Salet—Bright rosy red; a free, vigorous grower and abundant bloomer.

HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSES,

“Auguste Mie—Clear rosy pink; very large and finely cupped; vigor- ous; fine.

*Anna die Diesbach—Bright rosy carmine; beautiful form, very large and double.

Beauty of Waltham-—Bright rosy crimson ; very large; free bloomer; very distinct; one of the best.

*Baronne Prevost—Deep rose; very large and full; a vigorous grower and abundant bloomer; one of the oldest and finest of this class.

Blanche de Beaulieu—Pale silvery blush. Blanche Vibert—Pure white.

Comtesse de Chabrilliant—Bright pink, beautifully cupped, large and full, very fragrant.

*Caroline de Sansal--Clear, delicate flesh color, becoming blush; a magnificent variety; the best rose of its color in the catalogue, surpass- ing even the Victoria, which is very similar in color; growth vigorous and foliage luxuriant.

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Doctor Arnal—Bright crimson; large, double. and finely formed ; vig- orous grower and free bloomer; one of the best.

Duchesse de Nemours—Pale, delicate rose; very full and double; a vigorous grower.

Duke of Wellington—Rich crimson ; perfect form ; blooms in clusters ; fragrant.

Edward Jesse—Lilac rose; large and beautiful; very vigorous. Edward Ory—Beautiful vermillion red; globular.

Eugene Appert—Rich velvety crimson; double and compact; one of the best.

General Washington—bPrilliant rosy carmine, approaching to scarlet ; very large and fine form; free bloomer; one of the finest.

*General Jacqueminot—BPrilliant crimson scarlet; superior to Geant des Batailles in brilliancy, and retains its color; free bloomer; one of the best.

Geant des Batailles (Giant of Baitle)—The most popular of all this class of roses; brilliant, fiery crimson, fading to a purple; habit dwarf, but vigorous and free blooming; unsurpassed by any of the new roses.

Imperatrice Eugenie—White, slightly tinged with blush; medium size; full and fine form.

*John Hopper—Deep rose, with crimson center; large and fine form ; a splendid rose.

Jules Margottin—Carmine purple; very large, full and beautiful.

L’enfant du Mont Carmel—Deep purplish red; very large and full; vigorous grower.

La France—A free summer and autumnal blooming rose, of the Hybrid Perpetual class. Delicate, silvery rose; very large and full. The most pleasing fragrance of all roses.

*La Reine—Deep rosy lilac; very large, full, double and sweet; superb.

Lord Raglan—Fiery crimson, with purple shade; finely formed ; a free bloomer and every way first rate.

Lion des Combats—Reddish scarlet; brilliant and showy.

Louise Darzens—Pure white; medium size; fine form; blooms in clusters.

Mad. Charles Wood—Brilliant red, changing to bright rose; vigorous; a superb rose.

Mad. Laffay—Rosy crimson; large and full; one of the oldest and best.

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Marshal Vaillant—Deep red, with purple shade; blooms in clusters; very fine.

Mrs. Elliott—Rosy purple; very large, full and sweet; fine grower and abundant bloomer.

Mrs. Standish—Deep crimson, clouded with purple; fine form; very fragrant, distinct and fine.

Portland Blanche—Pure white; flowers like Blanch Vibert, said to bloom freely in the fall.

Panache d’Orleans—Blush, striped with rose and purple; large and showy; free bloomer ; a sport from Baronne Prevost.

Pius the Ninth—Bright, purplish red, changing to violet; very large and full; robust, and a profuse bloomer.

Prince Albert— Deep rose, changing to violet; large and full.

Professor Koch—Rosy crimson; large and full; beautifully cupped, and very fragrant.

“Senateur Vaisse—Bright red; beautiful shape, and free bloomer ; superb.

Sydonie—Light pink, very large and full; one of the finest roses in the Fall.

Souvenir de Levison Gower—Bright shaded crimson; very large and double; superb.

Triomphe de l’ Exposition—Rich, deep red; shaded with crimson flowers in large clusters; vigorous; one of the best of this class.

*Wictor Verdier—Clear rose; globular; fine form, and free bloomer ; superb.

William Griffith—Rosy lilac; large and beautifully formed ; vigorous and profuse bloomer ; one of the best.

William Jesse—Rosy crimson; very large and full; vigorous and free bloomer.

BOURBON ROSES.

These are not quite so hardy as the preceding class, requiring slight protection in the north. They are continual bloomers, of vigorous, rapid growth, with rich, luxuriant foliage. The flowers are produced in large clusters; are well haped, bright and varied in colors; fragrant, and, from the peculiar thickness 0 petals, quite lasting. The Autumn, say from August to November, or until frosts cut them off, is the season of their greatest perfection. No class of roses taken together, gives greater satis- faction to cultivators than this.

Blanche Lafitte—Pale flesh color; full; a beautiful rose.

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Camille de Chateaubourg—Clear rose, shaded with violet; very double and fine.

Decandolle—Velvety purplish red; beautifully imbricated; vigorous grower and free bloomer.

*Duchesse de Thuringe—White, lightly shaded with lilac. Edouard Desfosses—Deep rosy pink; large, full and fine.

Emile Courtier—Bright rose, shaded with crimson; very double and distinct; superb.

George Peabody—Rich, dark velvety crimson, with a scarlet shade; one of the best Bourbons that has been raised in America,

“Hermosa—Light blush or flesh color; large, full and double, grows freely and blooms profusely ; fine.

Leveson Gower—Deep rose; very large and full.

Monsier Jard—Clear cherry red; large and full.

Mrs. Bosanquet—Pale flesh color; large, double; perfect form; beautiful, Marshal Villars—Deep purplish crimson; showy and fine.

Marquise de Balbiano—Bright rose; large; and one of the best shaped roses in the collection; blooms in large clusters, and is quite fragrant.

Pheenix—bBright rosy purple ; large and fine.

‘Queen of the Bourbons—Fawn-colored rose; beautiful and profuse bloomer,

“Souvenir de la Malmaison—Pale flesh, with a fawn shade; very large, full and beautiful.

‘Souvenir de Pr Exposition—Dark crimson, very fine; free bloomer,

NOISETTE ROSES.

This is one of the finest classes of Autumnal blooming roses. The growth is rapid and vigorous, and the flowers are produced in large clusters.

Some of them, the true Noisettes, are so hardy as to require very little protection here, but those like the Chromatella, produced by crossing with the Tea Rose, are more tender, and ought to be laid down and covered with leaves or straw.

Aimee Vibert—Pure white; blooms in large clusters ; beautiful, and one of the hardiest of the class.

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102

Caroline Marinesse—White, tinged with flesh; small, double and perfect, and a most profuse and constant bloomer.

Celine Forestier— Pale yellow, deeper towards the center; free bloomer; extra fine.

Cornelia—Pink, with purple shade; flowers in large clusters; very fine.

Cloth of Gold (Chromaitella)—Deep yellow; very sweet, large and beauti- ful; growth vigorous and robust.

Cinderella, or the Fairy Noisette—A salmon pink, deepening towards the center; blooms freely; is as fragrant as the Devonienses Tea; foliage small and shoots very slender.

Dr. Kane—Sulphur yellow; fragrant and-fine bloomer; one of the best. Isabella Gray—Clear golden yellow; very sweet; the deepest yellow of all this class; originated in South Carolina.

Jane Hardy—Pright golden yellow; very double, beautiful rich foliage; free bloomer; tea-scented. One of the best of this class.

*Lamarque—Pale lemon yellow; very large and beautiful, Miss Clegg—Pure white, blush center; blooms in large clusters. Pumila—Salmon, changing to white ; free bloomer. Solfaterre—Saffron yellow ; fragrant amd fine.

Woodland Marguerite—Pure white; free bloomer; one of the best white Noisettes.

CHINA, OR BENGAL ROSES.

These are of dwarf habit, and very appropriate for beds on a lawn, and for pot culture in the house. They bloom all Summer and Autumn in the open ground. They may be protected with a covering of leaves, or be put in a cold frame.

*Agrippe, or Cramoise Superior—Rich velvety crimson.

Arch Duke Charles—Rose, changing to crimson. *Beauharnais—Bright amaranth; distinct and beautiful.

Daily, or Common—Bright rose; a most profuse and constant bloomer.

Imperatrice Eugenie—Clear rose, shaded with salmon; large and very sweet.

Lawrenceana—Very small, rosy pink; very dwarf habit; belongs to a class called “‘ Miniature Roses,”

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Monthly Cabbage—bBright rose; very large. Napoleon—Deep red, with purple shade; very fine. Purple Crown—Deep purplish crimson; free bloomer.

Sanguinea—Deep crimson; a most profuse and constant bloomer and free grower.

Triumphant—Rosy red; profuse bloomer.

TEA ROSES.

The perfume of these roses is most delicate and agreeable; indeed they may be called the sweetest of all roses. The flowers are also large and very delicate in their colors, such as white, straw, and flesh color, and various tints of rose combined with these. They are more tender than any other roses in the catalogue, requiring a house or pit in Winter. They are the most desirable for pot culture.

Caroline—Rosy flesh ; large and beautiful. Clara Sylvain—Pure white, changing to blush; large and perfect. Devoniensis—Creamy white, center yellow; large and fine.

*Glory of Dijon— Yellow, shaded with salmon and rose; large, full and distinct.

‘Isabella Sprunt—A sport from Safrano, an exceedingly vigorous grower.

Jaune @’Or—Fine golden yellow; globular and full; free bloomer; very fragrant.

La Pactole—Lemon yellow; beautiful. Madam Bravy—Creamy white; large and fine.

Madam Damazin—Pale yellow, tinged with pink; large double; very fine.

Madam de Vatry—Deep rose; shaded with crimson; the darkest Tea Rose. '

*Marechal Niel—tThe finest yellow Tea RoseZin existence. A vigorous grower and most abundant bloomer. °

Nina—Creamy white, tipped with rose; fragrant. Princess Maria—Creamy white, tinged with rose, Royal Tea—White, slightly tinged with yellow. *Safrano—Fawn, shaded with rose.

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Sombreuil—Creamy white, with a rosy tint.

Triomphe de Luxembourg—Salmon buff, shaded with deep rose ; distinct and fine.

White Tea—Pure white; free bloomer.

Yellow Tea-—An old and general favorite ; pale yellow or straw color; very sweet.

STANDARD OR TREE ROSES,

These are Roses budded on straight stems, about three and a half to four feet from the ground, where they form a head. If properly pruned they are very effective. We offer only those varieties belonging to the Hybrid Per- petual class, as other varieties are not well adapted to standards.

PAONIES.

TREE PZHONIES (Pzeonies Arborea).

' Banksia Rosea.

Chinese Double Blush (Banksit). Rosy blush; center purplish ; very large; sweet.

Poppy-Flowered (Papavaracea). Pale blush, center purple; very large, single, showy.

HERBACEOUS PONIES.

These are showy, beautiful, and easy cultivated plants, that recommend themselves to every one who has a garden. We place them in three divi- sions; the first, the Officinalis and its hybrids; the second, Paradoxa ;— these are European, and bloom from the middle to the end of May ;—the third is Chinese, and blooms through June and July. A selection from the three divisions will give a fine display of flowers during three months.

PHONIA OFFICINALIS.

Andersoni—Single; rosy blush; very early and showy; dwarf.

Albicans Plena—Double rosy pink, changing to white or blush ; blooms early and late.

L’Oriflamme—bBeautiful cherry red; center petals very small and compact.

Rubra—Double crimson; of monstrous size.

Tenuifolia Flora Plena— Double fennel-leaved; flowers of a bright scarlet and quite double and globular; rare and fine.

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106 PARADOX PASONIES.

Erigone—Dark crimson ; center petals delicately cut; very fine.

Etoile de Pluton—Dark crimson; center petals very small and curled, and striped with yellow.

Fimbriata Plena—Light crimson,:beautifully imbricated. Pompadoura—Dark crimson; center delicately cut; compact and fine. Rubra Striati—Very dark purplish crimson; compact; fine. Sanguinea Plena—Dark purplish crimson; distinct and superb.

CHINESE PA®ONIES.

Anemoneflora Striata—Outer petals large, rosy violet; inside ones small, rose and salmon; very large and fine.

Amahbilis—Outer petals rose; inner, smaller and creamy white or straw color; delicate.

Bicolor—Deep rose, yellow in the center and marked red. Buyckii—Rose, shaded in the center; large and regularly formed.

Beaute Francaise—Outside deep rose; center shaded with salmon; short and delicately cut; superb.

Charles Morel—Dark purplish red; center petals fringed; very fine. Claptoniana—Creamy white; inside petals straw color. GQlobosa—Pure white; full, globular and large; beautiful.

Humel—Purplish rose; very full and double; has no stigma and never - produces seed ; very large and showy, and one of the latest in bloom; as much as three weeks later than the earliest of the Pzonies.

Louis Van Houtte—Dark crimson; very compact.

Mrs. Dagge—Pure white, center beautifully marked with red; very com- pact of dwarf habit, and one of the earliest bloomers.

Queen Victoria—Immense size; outside petals rose ; inside, flesh nearly white; superb and sweet,

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DOUBLE DAHLIAS.

A collection of upwards of one hundred varieties, the newest and best that van be procured in Europe or America.

New varieties are sent out every Spring about the first of May, in pots. We make regular annual importations of new sorts from England and France, so that our collection will not be wanting in any desirable novelty.

CHRYSANTHEMUMS.

These are among the most handsome of Autumnal flowers, and of easy eultivation; they are almost hardy, but succeed best cultivated in pots. The period of flowering is from October to Christmas. They are now divided into two classes: Ist, the tall-growing, large flowered varieties; 2d, the Pom- pone, or Daisy sorts, attaining a height of from eighteen to twenty-four inches. In good assortment of the best varieties.

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HARDY HERBACEOUS FLOWERING PLANTS

The following collection embraces the most desirable species and varieties They are all showy and beautiful plants, of easy cultivation, and of various seasons of flowering, from May to November. By a judicious selection, a continuous display of flowers may be obtained from early Spring to the end of Autumn.

Anmeone. Japonica. Purplish rose; large. Two feet. September. ViviceLLa Incisa. One foot. May, June. Honome Jousrrtr. White. Aquilegia (The Columbine). CaruLtEA. Delicate blue, with distinct white center. Donvallaria.

Masatis (Lilly of the Valley). With large, luxuriant foliage, and much esteemed for its perfume. Three inches. May.

Dicentra.

Sprcrapiuis. A handsome, most curiously formed rosy crimson flower, with white and blue tinged producing stamen, one of the finest border plants; is quite hardy, and of a bibulous nature; well adapted for blooming in the Winter. One to two feet. May and June.

Sprciosa. Rosy purple. Six inches, May and June. HMybiscus.

GRANDIFLORUS. Irish Germanica (German Iris, or Fleur de Lis).

Apotton. Golden yellow, striped with plum-color. Eighteen inches. June.

ARLEQUIN Mituanais. White, with blue rose. Highteen inches. June. Boucerr. Lilac and velvety purple. Eighteen inches. June.

* Everne Sun. Creamy white, with purple spots and stripes; eighteen inches. June.

Fiorentina. White, tinged with blue and yellow, Highteen inches. May.

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JACQUESIANO. Deep maroon velvet, tinged with bronze and crimson; a rare and remarkable color. Two feet. June.

Tritoma Uvaria. GLAUCESCENS. SEROTINA.

Splendid late blooming plants; flower stems three to five feet in height, with racemes of rich pendant orange, red and scarlet tubulous flowers, a foot or more in length. Require a slight covering in Winter.

Trillium. GRANDIFLORUM. White. Erectum. Maroon. Verbena. Montana. Blooms all Summer. Veronica (Speedwell). Apa. White. Two feet. July and August. GentIANorpES. Pale blue, with azure. Onefoot. May and June. Spicata. Deep blue spikes. One foot. July and August. Viola Odorata (Sweet Violet). Ca@rutra. Blue double. April and May.

SrriataA Ca@RuLEA AND ALBA. Striped blue and white; single. April and May.

AtBa Pizeno. Double white. fiola Tricolor (Hearisease, or Pansy). A collection of the most approved varieties. Vinea (Periwinkle). CaruLrea Minor. Blue flowering, climbing or trailing Evergreen. PurPurEA PiEeNo. Double purple-fiowering. ELEGANTISSIMA ALBA. White flowers and glossy-green oval foliage. Yucea (Adam’s Needle). Tomentosa. Creamy-white. July. FinamentosA. Thread-leaved; creamy-white. Three to four feet. July.

These have a grand appearance; the stem is two feet above the ground, covered with large bell-shaped flowers on laterals, forming a perfect pyramid.

110 SUMMER AND AUTUMN FLOWERING BULBS.

These require to be taken up in Autumn, and kept from freezing in a dry

cellar. Amaryllis.

FormosissimA (Jacoben Lily). Flowers large and deep red.

LoneirtoraA ALBA. White, of medium size, in clusters. Bouissingaultia.

BASELLOIDES: (Madeira Vine). A rapid climber, suitable for screens,

arbors, etc., with white flowers; blooms profusely; fragrant.

Tigridia. Payonia. Blooms from July to September. Tritomia. AvREa. Tuberose. Dovsie.

BULBOUS FLOWERING ROOTS—HARDY. The following should be planted in the Fall:

LILIUM.

Atrosanguineum, Deep orange, with dark red blotches. Aurantiacum—Orange red.

Auratum.

Brownii—Large, white, with brown exterior.

Bulbiferum (Tiger, or Orange Lily).

Candidwm—Common white.

Gigantem-—Spikes of white flowers, two to three feet high. Lancifolium Album —From Japan.

Lancifolium Roseum—From Japan.

Superbum-— Vivid orange, with distinct dark dots; mediuna size.

GLADIOLUS.

A full collection of the finest hybrid varieties. The following varieties are perfectly hardy. Bizantinus—Purplish crimson. Communis Rubra—Crimson. Communis Alba—White.

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MISCELLANEOUS. PLANTS.

Centaurea—Very showy border plants.

ArGENTEA. Silvery, foliage. ATROPURPUREA. Purplish crimson. DearsBata. Clear lilac.

Macrocarpa. Large, bright yellow flowers.

Convallaria—Lily of the Valley.

Masauis (Lily of the Valley). Large, luxuriant foliage; flowers small, bell-shaped in pretty racemes, and very fragrant. One of the best border plants.

Var. Fouts Srriatis. Beautifully striped foilage.

Delphinium.

Larkspur. A remarkably showy class of plants; some produce mag- nificent spikes of flowers, others are of dwarf habit.

ForMosum. Deep azure, with a distinct, white center, somewhat veined with purple; one ef the very best of its class; two to three feet. July and August.

Hirsutum. Pale blue, with buff center; five feet. June and July. HYAacINTHIFLORUM. Blue Hyacinth flowered. Hysripum. Fine blue, with a distinct, white center; two to three feet

June and July.

Geranium—(Not Pelargonium, or Scarlet Geraniums).

Tsericum. Bluish purple; one foot. July and August. LANCASTRIENSE. Flowers, pink; foliage,cut; dwarf habit. Juneand July. Pretense. Lilac purple; crow-foot leaved; one foot. July and August.

PR#TENSE PLENO. Crow-foot leaved; double flowering; one foot. July and August.

Saneuringum. Purplish red; spreading; six inches. June.

Helianthus—Sunflower.

Motrtirtora Przno. Double yellow flowers, like a Dahlia; three feet. June to September.

ORIGIALIS.

112 Helleborus—Hellebore—the following are all evergieens, andtbloom in March or April. NiaEr—(Christmas Rose). Flowers blush; three inches. OLYMPICUS. ‘ Virpis. Green; Three inches.

Hemeroeallis--Day Lily—Fine, tall growing plants, with large lily- shaped, sweet scented flowers.

Futva. Orange flowers in large clusters; two feet. July. Funya Fu. pt. Double flowers. KWANZO FL. PL. Hespiris. Marronauis rye. ALBo PiENo.—(Double-flowering Rocket). One of the

finest hardy herbaceous plants, with spikes of clear white flowers, from ten to eighteen inches long; very fragrant.

Crocus—Named varieties. Hyacinths—Finest named sorts; double and single. Iris, or Fleur de Lis. Spanisa Various colors. Persian. Various colors; mixed. Blooms very early in Spring. EneuisH. Namedijvarieties. Tulips. Dovusie. Early flowering; named varieties. Dovustz. Late flowering; named varieties. Sinatz. Early flowering; named varieties.

Narcissus—Double and single ; named in nine varieties.

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