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DES MOINES

Illustrated Soln enir.

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A work published for tlie purpose of presenting to the puhiic in an artistic and attractive manner some of the most interesting features of the Capital City.

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PUBLISHED BY THI-:

Iowa Historical Illustratixt: Co.,

.... Ol ... .

DKS MOINES. - - - IOWA.

CHARLES F. WILCOX, Manager. p, irpr

EnTEBED ACCOBD.f.0 TO ACT OF CONORESS DECEMBER 1 9, I 395. BY CHARLES F. WILCOX. IK THE OEEICE OF tHE LIBRARIAN 0< COMRiSS.

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DES MOINES:

IOWA PRINTING COMPANY. J89S.

INTRODUCTION.

'^N presentino our [.ublication t.. tl,c public wc wish to express our appreciation ol the l.cartv q) support whici, the pco,,lc ot Dcs Moines have -iven us in a material way. and also bv

words of commendation ,inil encoiua-emenl expresse.l. We are esi,ecially indebted to the artists and engravers of the city tor the many favors shown us, as they have done all in their power to assist us in making our work a success, and we believe the quality of the work will bear us out in the statement tliat Des Moines is unusually favored in this res])ect.

While we are conscious of many defects and imperfections in the volume, we mi-lil it we had the benefit of our own criticism on the work, iniprove it in many respects, but we trust that the work as a whole will be sufficiently commenthible so that suclv- inaccuracies as exist will be over- looked, and due credit given us for the effort we have made to i)resent to the pui)lic a volimie which illustrates and describes the leading features of the Capital City of Iowa.

A few words concerning the arrangement of the engravings ma\- not be out of place in this connection. Since Des Moines is the Caiiital of the State and since its progress and ad\ ancement is due, in some measure to that fact, we thought it advisable to give the illustrations of the Capitol building the first place in the book. The rest of the views are arranged princii)all\- for convenience, although we ha\e tried as far as [iractical to give the public buildings and institutions more prom- inence than others.

Des Moines

W here lolliiiL; prairies spread alar

Heneath the e\cr chaiv^intj skies,

Where ru<;^ed hills and \alle\s are

And iiioiiarchs of the forest rise: Where sweeps the rivers' iiiit;ht\' llood

H\- cragt^y cliffs and tlowerv ilell, Where Sacs and I"'oxes once ahodc,

And earl)- settlers tleit;iieil to dwell;

The ])ride nf Iowa now stands,

Des .Moines, a city i^rand and fair. Miilst boundless wealth of fertile lands.

And coal depo.sits rich aiul rare: W here manufactories are found

J^- which man's needs are all su|)plied. Where a\enues of trade abound

Which stretch afar on e\er\- side.

W'liere Merchant princes can supph-

Tlie best that all the world affurds ()f nceilful tIrnLjs to satisfy

The hiwly poor or wealthy hjrtis: W here niassi\e binldin^>^s toweriny hiL;h

l^])lirt llieir brick aiul L^ranite walls, Where taperiiiL;- church spires pierce the s]<\-.

And towers rise o'er palace halls.

Where colleges and scjiools dispense.

The lessons neetlful to the youth, Whereby they're gi\en a strong defense,

Directeil in the paths of truth. Where those in trouble or distress

,\re helped along their cheerless \va\-. Where 'tis the wish of all to bless

.\nd sni'joth the paths of whom they may.

CAPITOL BUILDING.

SENATE CHAMBER

\\ here on the sunii)' e;islern liill

The State I louse erowns tlie wtir.ihoiis whole, Whose aielies \ ast and eohmins thrill

With li)\e and |)ii(le. tile adniirin;^ soul, "lis here within those niassi\e walls

Beneath the Ljilded archinL; i.lonie ( )ur Solons wise enact the law s

Which bless the conmionwealtli and home. ^

A city Ljrand to conteni])latc.

A city C|neenly. stroni; and lair, The noblest jiower of all the Stale,

With which no other can compare. Then let the silken banners i)la\-,

Let ever\- fiat; be wide unfurled. "Des Moines, the pride of Iowa,

■•The t^arden s|Kit of all the worhll"

Ch.\k[.i:s 1-". Wii.iD.x.

Around and About thr Capitol Grounds Forty Years Ago.

3N l(Si;^ the L;rouncI now occupied b\- Iowa's niaL;nificent State Capitol and tiie Soldiers' Monument was a great forest co\ered uitli timber and unilerhrusii. I lie lars;e trees were onk. ash, elm, walnut, hicl<or\', cherr\' antl linn: some six or se\en of the smaller ones remain, as relics, in the northwest corner of the Capitol t^roinuis. Ilie underliriish was \ery <lense, comp/osetl of the red haw or thorn a])ple, ironwooti, wiltl gooselierries, briars ami hazelbriish. The land was owned 1)_\- Harrison L_\-on anil W. A. Scott.

The commissi(Ui to locate permanent grounds for the .State Capitol selected ten acri's on a prominence o\erlookini; the Des Moines and Raccoon ri\ers to the west. Ibirrison l,\on and W. A. .Scott donatini.; the same to the State. Mr. I. yon surrentlerini^ his new house ami homesteati that he liad erected two \ears before near the corner of the Capitol Inultlin;..; that is now occu])ietl 1;\ the suijreme judt^cs and the supreme court room.

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THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

SUPREME COURT CHAMBER

In May 1S56 the land was platted and the streets and alleys were made to correspond with the Capitol i^ronnds. Walnut and Locust streets were named to correspond with streets of the same name on the west side of the ri\cr. Our now (jrand .\\cnue. on the north side of grounds, was first named Keokuk; it led up from the old I'^loat bridge on the river, over the hill through the timber in the direction of the cit\' of Ket)kuk. Some of the earl\- settlers claim that it was nameii in honor of "Keokuk," the old Indian chief. Some fifteen years later its name was changcil to Sycamore to correspond with Sycamore street on the west side of the ri\cr. In 1886 tlie city council changed the name to "(irand .\\inue," and extended the same from the State Fair (irounds on the east to the western limits of tiie city. In i8;7 the underbrush and small trees were grubbed out of the Capitol Square uniler the su])erintentiency ot tiie lion. .Stewart (joodrell.

In iS;S the .State .Square, as it was then caileti, hail a substantial pine boartl fence i)uilt around it with stiles over it at each corner antl in the center of each side to correspond with tiie streets. It was a beautiful park, with a fine well of water near tjie center on the north side, l-.lijah Sells, then Secretar\- of State. pro\i<Kd a large number of good, solid walnut benches, and liie

citizens of Des Moines built a large pavilion near the center of the grounds whicli answereii as a speaker's stand. During the summer months churcii meetings, Sabbath schools ant! political meet- ings were held in this beautiful park. In September 1859, an e.\traordinar\- meeting was held; one that will never be forgotten by our early settlers. It was held one pleasant moonlight night. There were some fifteen hundred Indians in camp out on Four-Mile creek. I'.lijah .Sells, Secretary of State, and John VV. Jones, Treasurer of State, made arrangements with their chiefs and bra\es to come to the Capitol Square and give a genuine Indian war-dance in full costume. The Indians came, painted in a most hideou.s manner, with feathers in their hair, bells on their moccasins, knives in their belts, and trophies which they had won in battle lumg around their botlies; their music was the pouniling of a tom-tom without any variations. The crowd of citizens was immense. The warriors ilanced and danced and jimiped stiff-legged with their heads sometimes up and sometimes tlown. .Sells and ]ones would take up a collection every now and then and give it to the bra\es, and then the\- would dance again. Their rules of dancing were not in accordance with Tha\er or Morand, but the\- seemed to enjo\' it immensely and so did their audience. Jones and .Sells were both asked to

GOVERNORS RECEPTION ROOM.

participate but tlic\ dccliiietl the iioiior. About luidiiiLjlU tiio ueiiil scene came to an entl, but c\cr to hv remembered.

The first iioiise built east of Ninth street was a iot^ cal)iii by Ilarrison Lyon iii i.Sj;i, on tlie Go\ ernor's Square, corner of Walker and Thirtcentli streets. I lis second house was tlie one referred to in tiic Capitol j^rounds. In 1S37 he built the I,\-on homestead, which still stantls on east Grand .\\eiuie between Kle\enth and Twelfth streets. The little old cottatje of Cherry Place was built in I,S;S by Will. Webster and purchased b\- Isaac Hrandt in April. 1859. lie named it "Cherry I'lace" from the fact tliat manv u ild cherry trees were on the lots and near b\'. I )ne of the oriijiiial trees still stands on the opposite side of the street in the door-\ard of the nice residence recent!)- sold by the 1 loll. j. A. r. Hull to the Rev. Layton. Mr. Hrandl, soon after i)urchasing Clierr_\- Place, removed all the native trees and planted in their stead many of the choicest varieties of cherry trees, which annually \ield an abundance of this choice and beautiful fn;it. In iSSS Mr. Brandt i)uilt his palatial residence ami finished it on the inside larijely with cherry, which m d<es it in fact a "Cherry Place."

Tlie first act of the General Assembly of Iowa, for the building of a new Capitol building, one that would com]3ort with the dignit)- of the State, was passed April 6, 1 868.

Under this act the "Census Board " were authorized to procure plans and specifications. Many plans were submitted, and from the liest of these Messrs. Cochrane and l'i([uenard were com- missioned to prepare a plan better suited to the wants of the .State than an\- one submitted.

.April \ ^, 1870, a law was passed creating the original Board of Capitol Commissioners, and under their super\ision the cellar was excavated antl most of the foundation walls were built, and on Thursday, Xovember 23, 1871, the corner stone was laid with appropriate ceremonies, partici- ])ated in by various State, military, and civil organizations and societies, besides man}' distin- guished citizens from abroad.

The corner stone is seven feet long, three feet wide and three feet tiiick, and was made from a "prairie boultler " procured in l-iuchanan county.

By an act of the General Assembl)-, dated .\pril 10, 187J, the Board of Capitol Commissioners were reorganized with the Govcrnov f.r-offfe/o as president, and the following gentlemen as members:

GOVERNORS PRIVATE OFFICE

AUDITOR S OFFICE,

Messrs. lo'hn (i. I-"oote, o( Hurlin<iton; Matiirin 1.. Fisher, ol I'arincrsburgli; Peter A. lJe\-, and R. S. I'"iiil<l>ine. of Iowa Cit\-.

When tliis hoard first ori,rani/.ed, tlic>- aj)pointed A. 11. I'i<nienard. of Sprint^field, Illinois, sole architect, and (.eneral I-'.d. Wriijht as .Secretar>- of the Hoard. Thc.\- also made .Mr. R. .S. I-'inkbine superintendent of construction, and Mr. Jolin d. I-"oote, sui)erintendent of finance.

'I his ori,Mnization was preserved to the completion of tlie l)uildint,r, except so f.ir as death renioxed its members. In November, 1S76, Mr. I'iq.ienard, the architect, died, and the following Januar\- Messrs. Hell and Hackney, two \t)uni; men who h.iil been in the emplo\- of .Mr. I'iquenard in this work, were selected to carr_\- out the orit^'inal dcsiL,Mi in its true spirit. On tlie fifth day of FebruaiN, rS;.,. .Mr. Fisher was removed from tlie board i)\- dealii. and Mr. Cyrus I'oreman, of Usaye, was a])[)oiiited in iiis place

The first act of this board was to remove the orii.;inal foundation, which was found to l)e dctecti\e. and reijlace it with more substantial material. Tiiis was done at an expense of S5j.352.76.

After that time tlie work prot^ressed slowly on account of the small appropriations each year, but without material interruption. ( )ne of the L,neatest troubles the board and architects had to contend with was the selection of Iniildinsjj stone that woukl stand the action of time in this climate.

A noticeable feature is the clean, business-like manner in which the construction of the Capitol was conducted, as there was not a dollar of mone\- misajjpropriated durint,' the course of its construction. The board was continued until July, iSS6, at which time their term of office expired by order of the Twenty-first Cjcneral Assembly. The Twenty-third General Assembly appropriated $12,500 for gradin^r and improvint^' the i^rounds, which was completed in the summer of 1894.

It was the desire of the board to procure all of the stone, as well as other materials when practicable, within the borders of the .State, but, after a \ain search through the various quarries, it was deemed best to go elsewhere to procure the huge blocks which make its walls.

The original design for the main cornice and the domes was to make them of cast and sheet iron, but with the consent of the General Assenibl\- these were changed to stone, covering only the hemispherical portion with metal, and this is of very heavy copper, which is as durable as time.

TREASURER'S OFFICE.

SECRETARY OF STATES OFFICE.

Tlie i);iititions arc all ot hiick or iithcr fire \nou\ material, ami liic Hours are made with iron beams and brick arches, with either an encaustic tile or wood coverin;^.

The rooms are all warmed with steam, with both direct and indirect radiation, from a batter\- of seven lart^^e boilers located in a buildint; across the street on the north side, and the rooms are ventilated In- exhausting;- the air tlucts built in the wails.

The root is made of iron frame work, covered with porous terr,-i cotta and slate laid in cen-ient mortar.

The corridor floors are all made of encaustic tile laid in \-er\- rich i)atterns. and the wainscot- insjs of the corridors and all the princip.d rooms of both the office ;ind second story are made of domestic and foreii,'n marbles. The lari^e columns in the House and Senate and those in tile upper part of the dome are made of scagliola, not because it is a ■•clua|)" luntation of marble, but because it is an imitation as good as marble and better suited to the ])l.-ices where used.

The grand stairway is made of marble on an iron frame work, while the other staiiways are all of iron.

The legislati\e portion of the buikliiii^ was completed and dedicateil to its future use on the 17th day of Januar)-, 1884, and the Twentieth General Assembly held its deliberations in the sj)acious halls provided foi*this purpose.

A short time after this the \aluable collection of books in the State Library were nio\etl into the large rooms provided for them, and (jovernor Sherman occupied temporary quarters in two of the committee rooms on the secontl floor.

KINDS OF STONE AND WHERE PROCURED.

The foundation stones are principally from the " Hear Creek " and " W'interset ' ijuarries in this State.

The basement stone is from the Iowa Cit}' quarries.

The buff colored stone in the superstructure is from .St. (iene\"ie\e, Missouri, and the "blue stone" is from Carroll count)-, Missouri.

The granite in the base course was partialis" procvired troni " prairie boulders" in ISuchanan county, but the dark colored nieces are from Sauk Rapids, Minnesota.

CUSTODIANS OFFICE

View from First Floor

VIEW OF ROTUNDA.

View from Second Floor

The outside steps ami ]>latl.)rms are the " Forest City" stone, near Cleveland, Ohio. The rails are the .Saul< Rapids t,M-anite.

The ])ilasters and piers in the interior ol basement are troin Ananiosa. in this State, and Leniniit, Illinois.

-Ml the columns, piers, and pilasters in the corridors of first story are from I.emont, Illinois.

The red "rranite columns in the secontl st jry are from Iron Mountain, Missouri. The dark colored j^nanite in base and cap of pedestals, is from .Sauk Rapids, Minnesota, while the carved capitals, ])ilasters and piers are of Lemont stone.

KINDS OF MARBLE AND WHERE FROCURED.

" ( )lil Feimessee "

Knoxville,

1 lol.-tein Ri\er,

(;ien Falls,

DOME.STIC.

troni Tennessee .Moriah,

" \'ir^inia,

" " Iowa Coral

" New ^■ork

from \'ermont

New \'ork

from Charles Citv, Iowa

FOREIGN.

Mexican On}-x. Lisbon, Sienna, Verona Red, Statuary White, \'eined, Italian I)i>\ c, Alps (ireen,

Langueduc, Rose Vif, Roiii^e (ireotte, tireotte Renaissance,

from Mexico

Spain

Italv

from It ah' France

\'ello\v ]'".sclialleon,

I'^ermosa,

Boni^ord,

Belgian Black,

Bardiglio, - _ -

Brocatelle,

Lex^anto,

juan Fleure,

Kilkenny Green,

X'ictoria Red,

Cost of marble work §114,, Si

ni France German}-

Belgiimi Italy

France Ireland

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INTERIOR VIE"^ OF STATE LIBRRAY-FROM NORTH GALLERY.

GENERAL DIMENSIONS.

Length North and South, inclndinjj porticos. 363 ft S in. East and West, " North and South fronts. East and West Width East and West through Arcades, Height to top of main cornice. Balustrade. ■■ ■' Siybolate,

*' '■ Dome Balcony.

" ■• Lantern,

'• '■ Ball above Lantern.

Finale,

246 ft	1 1 in.
■75 f'
1 18 ft	8 in
100 ft	10 in.
92 ft	8 in.
99 ft	S in.
I 14 ft	2 in.
219 ft	I in.
249 ft
250 ft.
275 fl

Height to top of Small Domes, Height of Basement Story, " Office Story, ■' " Second Story. • Third Story,

152 ft.

13 ft. I in

23 ft. 9 in.

22 fl. 9 in.

20 ft. 9 in.

From Office floor to First Balcony in Dome, 101 ft. 6 in.

Second " " 153 ft. 2 in.

Canopy. 175 ft. 5 in.

The Rotunda is in Diameter, - ■ 65 ft. (S in.

The Exterior diameter of L'ome is - Soft

The House of Kepresentalives is 74x91 ft. 4 in. .\ 47 ft. 9 in. The Senate Chamber, 58 fl.xgi fl. 4 in. x 41 ft. 9 in.

LOCATION OF ROOMS AND OFFICES.

Staiuiiny in the bascniL-nt Ijcncatli the dome ami facins; south, the tirst office to the ri^^lit is that of the State Lalior Conimissioiici-. the second, the State Mine Inspector, and hist t)n tlie same side is foiuul the Iowa State lioaixl of Health: and from the same place of obser\-ation and lookintr S(.)uth the first door to the left (jpens into tlie State I'liarmacy Commissioner's office, the Seconal to the apartment of the Hairy Commissioner, and the third j^ixes the \isitor access to the Historical Department of the State, where ma\' be found a i;reat many historical and interestint^' relics rcpre- scntiiiL;" the L;"ro\\th and de\elopnient of the State.

Then looking- north from the same place will be founil, Ijy enterint; throiiL;h the first door to the riLjht, the .State Land Commission, and the second office on the same side is that of the .State Horticultural Societ}-; on the left hand side the first office is that of the clerk of the K.xecutive Council, and the second is th,U nf the ( i. .\. R. heatlipiarters, ami the third is the department of the (jeoloLfical .Sur\e\-.

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Second, or ( Jfilcc Story. Staiul in tlic rotunda tacin-- the t;rand stairwaj . First door to llu- lett IS the Custodian and Commissioner of Labor: tirst to the rij^rht, elevator: second. Horticultural Societ\-: tace to tin- rij^lil. iookiii^r south, tirst door to the left is Attorney (leneral's office: second, State Trcasur\- I )ei)artnH-nt : thir.i. Siiiierintendent ol' I'uMic Instruction: first to the ri.Ljht is the Governor's [)ri\ate office: second. Clerk's office: third. Auditor of State. Face to the riijlil. lookino west, first door to the left is Cjo\ernor's l'ri\ate Secretar_\-: secoiul, (Governor's reception room: to the rij^hl is Secretarv of State's suite of rooms. I.ookint,' to the nurth, the first and second doors to the left are the Supreme Court rooms: third. isjudi;es' private consultation room. On the ri>,dit, second door, is the Clerk of the Sui)reme Court: third. Railroad Commissioners; fourth, .\t.;iicultural Societ\'.

I'assiiii;- up the j^raiid slairuay, on the ri!..;ht is the hall of the House of Representatives, and ojjposile it, to the south, is the .Senate Chamber, which is 5IS feet b\' gi feet 4 inches, ami 41 feet 9 inches high. It is lij;hted In- tue lari,a- windows on each side: has a gallery in each eiul lor spectators, and is lighted b\- four large chandeliers. The wainscoting is of marble, but the large

columns are a hue specimen ol sca^liula wm-K-. Tlie tiiiish is all nt mahoLjanx-. The walls arc elegantly deconited with frescoes, inclmlin- some \er_\- fine figure work representing Industr}-, Law, Agriculture, I'eace, ilistory, .iiul lonimerce.

liack of the Senate Chaniher is the Lieutenant ( Kjvernor's suite of rooms, clerks' rooms and committee r(.oms, all hnished and furm-hed in keeping with the uses for which the_\- are emplo\ed.

In the north wing is Ihe House of l\epresentati\es, which is 74 feet by gl feet 4 inches, and 47 leet 6 inches high. It is larger than the Sen.ite Chamljcr, hut ilesigned to correspond with It in other respects. The finish and furniture of this room are of black walnut, with marble wainscoting. ihe frescoing is of a brighter tone, and instead of the allegorical paintings w hicli decorate the Senate ceiling, there h,rs lieen iiitroducetl here the portraits of the following persons: Presidents, Washington and Lincoln; (jo\ernors, Robert Lucas and James W. (jrimes; [ustices of the Supreme Court, Caleb H.ddwin and Ch.irles Mason: Speakers of the House of Representatives, Rush Clark and James 1'. Carlton; (,ener,ds. .\|. AL Crocker and S. R. Curtis.

There arc one hundred desks ftir members of the House, and fift\- for members of the Senate.

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FIRE DEPARTMENT-S W. CORNER SECOND AND GRAND AVENUE,

Hack ut the House ol Rcpicsciitatixcs arc rooms lor tlic speaker, clerks, and committees.

The Library is situated in the west wiu;^ and is 52 feet 6 inches In- loS feet 4 inches, and 44 leet 9 inches hi;^ii. It is Iniisht-d in ,isii and chestnut, witli marble vvainscutinf( antl pilasters, and lias an encaustic tile floor. The re are now about 60,000 volumes in the library, but it is desitjned to meet tlu- wants ol man\- years, and will accommodate 150,000 \olumes without crowdins.;". In tin.' i-ast wini; is the le;_;'islati\ e post-office and committee rooms.

ITEMS.

The builtliiiL; covers fS.iS^o square li'et ol ground. The L;irtli ol' the ovitside wall is 1,300 feet. The total lenL;th. iGj feet S inches, and the total width is 246 feet 11 inches. Tlie height to top of the dome is 2J^ feet. There are v;S ste|)s Irom the i^rouiul up to the dome platform or lookout. There are J't^j yards of carpet in the ."senate t'h.imber and 994 yards in the House of Repre- sentati\'es. There are twenty-nine kinds of m.irble in the buiklin<:;. The kinds of wood emploxxnl in the buildiiiL;" are: ash, red oak. white oak, black walnut. Ijutternut, chestnut, cherry, mahoj^any, pojilar, N'ellow pine, white pine and catalpa. Cost of the buikliiii; to lul\' 1. i.S.'s;, Sj.^K.! 70.S7. Cost of furniture to |ul\- I, 1885, §82,789.89.

STATUARY.

]5eginning with north nf Libran- door: History, Science. Law. Fame. Literature, Indiistr\-. Peace. Commerce, A<,'riciiiture, Victory, Truth and Progress.

The first door to the left as you enter the Senate Chamber is the entrance to tiie stairwa\- leading to the dome.

All the rooms on third floor are committee rooms, of which there are twent_\--nine in number.

The dome is covered with a gold leaf, at a cost of $3,500.

The pictures on the ceiling of the Sujjreme Court room are of the type of the Crreek Mytholog)-.

No. I. North end, the leading figure, Justice on her throne. To her left stands Colundjia, ever ready to sustain her decisions by word or deed. The figure to the right of Justice rejoices that the decision is in her favor. The sitting figure on the right denotes sorrow as the decision is rendered against her, but is content when she fintls by examining the law that the decision is according to law. To the left is a mothei explaining to her son the laws.

No. 2. C()Iiiml)ia icij;niiii;- on lu-r llironc. Above the (llobc. in unity with tlu- (ioddcss of Justice, tlie patrons of tiie State come to \y.iy tlieni their lionii<re, bi-inj^in;^ with them little chiklreii. uliich rei)resent liie reiritories. low.i, \\lio is a special favorite in Coiimibia's houseliold, is seen sitting on the ste|)s of the llnoiie with club and coal of arms, c\-er read)- to defend her friend, Ithe I'nion 1 Columbia, in case of need. In front of the throne is chiseled in everlaslin;^ rock the memoiial date 1 776. the foundation of the republic. The .Vmerican I^aj^lc is proudly soarin;.^ over all. holding; in his talons the historical emblem and in his beak a streamer on which i- iiwcribeil, "A' I'liiiihna I nil III."

No. ^. lustice ami Peace represented as ruliuLj o\'er the land, brini^'ini; prosperity and plent}', culture and happiness: while on the other, Rel)ellion is restrained and smitten down Ijy Justice's stroUL;' arm iCleneral (iranti.

No. 4 re])resents ( eres, the (joddcss of As^riculture.

The small pictures are simpl\- agricidtmal scenes, by I-"ritz Melzer. Berlin, (iermanv.

ISAAC L. HILLIS— Mayor ol Dcs Moines

JAMES H. FORD -Chief of Police

Mk. J. II. loKD, chief ()t the police department, \v:is horn in Cambrids,fc. Ohio, in 1849. His I)arcnts came t., Iowa in '54. and located at I^nrlinnton. Mr. Ford has resided in Des .Moines for ten years and had been en.t^raged in the mercantile business until a little more than a year a,<ro when he accepted the chielship of police at the hands of mayor Ililjis. Of his official life nothin.i,r need be said, as with that every Des Moiner is f.imiliar. The same staunch inte<,rrity that made him successful in private life, was carried into his public labors and to this, coupled with level-hendedness and the proper instinct, may be accredited the freedom from \ ice and lawlessness now enjoyed bv the lart^est city in the state.

Mavok Hums was born in Madison, Indiana, January 23 1853. His father's name was William C. Ililhs. hi 1S63 he removed to northeast Missouri, where Mayor Hillis received his education, cnterin;.,' La (iraUL^e C'olle;.,re at se\enleen years of age and .<(raduatin<j at the a<rc of twenty-one ;is the valedictorian of his class. He tlicn spent one year as instructor in the college, one year as princi|)al of a school in Keokuk .ind two ye. us as principal of the Hast Des Moines High .School after which time he resinrned and went to .\nn .\rbor. Michigan, where he received his education in l.iw. In iXSo he wa^ married to .Miss Cora Bussey, of New Orleans, and came north to live but had to retiu-n south on account of the hitter's ill health, where thc\ remained for two \ears when they a^raj,, came north and settled in Des Moines, where Mayor Hillis engaged in the abstract business in the Pioneer Abstract office, of which he is the owner. J'"or the past five years he has L;i\en more time to law business and real estate. In politics .Mr. Hillis lias alwavs been a staunch Republican and an active worker, having served as ])resident of the (iarfield Republic.m Clul) and |)ermancnt chairman of the I'olk count)' convention in i.Sg2, and did some efificient campaign work in behalf of Jackson in the Jackson-Hoies campaign, in which he shovvetl unusual oratorical powers. In i,S94 he was elected as maj'or of Des Moines and has been a wise, honest and fearless mavor, e\ er v igilant and zealous in the interests of the people.

Location! of Dks Moinks.

'\ ^I'.S ]\I()1XES, the capital of the State of Iowa, and count)' !-eat of I'olk county, is situateil at (5"" the confluence of the Raccoon with the I Jc'^ Moines river, and near tiie L;eoL;r.ii)hical center

of the State. It is distant tlirce hundretl anil fift\'-eiy"ht miles west Ironi ('hicat;(i. three hundred and si.xty north from St. Louis, two lumdred and nintty-se\en south from St. I'aul. two hundred and si.\t_\-si.\ north and a little east from Kansas City, aiul one hundred ami forty-li)ur e.ist from ( )maha, the latter beiiiLj the onl\- city within two lumdretl miles ap[)roachinL;' it in si/e.

The situation of Des Aloines. as. to commercial ad\antaL;es, compares huurahly with any city in Iowa. .MthouLjh it has no river na\i;4ation like cities alon;.; the eastein border, yet its location is central in the midst of a large area imocciipied b_\" any ri\al cit}'. ami in i_)ne ol the richest aoriciiltm'al districts in the countr\-. and beini; the leidiuL; railroad center of the State, this is no trreat disadvaiitaiiLre to its commerci.d interests.

DES MOINES FEDERAL BUILDING

FIRST POST-OFFICE BUILDING IN DES MOINES.

EDWARD H. H'JNTER-Postmaster of Dcs Moines in i8g6.

THOMAS K BROOKS— First Postmaster of Des Moines, 1S46.

i:.\RL\' HISTORY Ol- I)i:s M()IM-:s. Like iiiaiiN- western cities, the origin anil loundatiun of tlie city ol' Des Moines was a fort, erected by the i,'ovcrnmcnt in an Indian country. This fort was bnilt in 1X4;, by Capt. lames Allen, and was called Fort Des Moines from its situation ..n the Des Moines river. The name was also for some time attached to the straggling frontier village, which graduall\- grew up .arountl the garrison. The e.\i)edition for the erection of the fort came up the Des M,,in.s riverfront Fort Sanford and arrived on the gth of May, 1S4;,, with a small detachment ,M L ,med states troops on board the steamer Inxi;. This was the first steamer that ever ascended the Des Moines as far north as the present ca[)ital of Iowa. Fffecting a landing at what is now the foot of Court .\veniie, the troops and nnlilary stores were disembarked, and Cajit. .Mien returned with the steamer to Fort .Sanford to bring the rest ol the soldiers and sui)plies. The full garrison, when the\- arrived, consisted of one hundred and tueiu\ -live officers and men. The errection of the fort was at once commenced, which soon reared its log p.disades near the mouth of the Raccoon, at its confluence with the Ues .Moines. Ihe barracks were built of rough logs, one stor>- high, with stone chimnevs and

"puncheon" floors. Capt. Allen had his headquarters not far from the old Collins House site, on Market street. Under him were Lieutenants Green. King and Potter. Doctor tiriffin was surgeon of the post; Major l^eech, Indian agent; and Joseph .Stuart, interpreter.

h'ort Des Moi.ies was included within the Sac and Fo.k Intlian reservation until the iith tla\- of ( )ctuber, 1S4J, when the title was transferred b_\- treaty to the United -States government. There was, howe\er, a stipulation in the treat}- that tiie Indians should hold undisputed possession of their reservation for three \ears after the date of the treaty, or until October 11, KS45. The final departure of the Indians and the ad\ent of the white settlers is graiihicall)- portrayed in the Centennial .Address of Hon. C. C. Xourse, deli\ered at I'hiladelijhia, .September 8, 1S76. He said:

In obedience to our progressise and aggressive spirit, the Go\ernment of the Unittd States ninde another treaty willi the Sac and Kox Indians on tlie iilli dav of August, 1842, for ibe remaining portion of llieir land in Iowa. The treaty pi.ovidtd that tl e Indians should retain possession of all the lands thus ceded until May i, 1S43. and should occupy that J ortion of the ceded territory west of a lire tunning north and south through Red Rock until October 11. if^45. These tribes at this time had left their principal village of Oitumwah-no, now called Ottumwa. As soon as it became known that the treaty had been concluded, there was a rush of immigration to Iowa, and a great number o£ temporary settlements were made near the Indian boundary, waiting for the first of May. As the day approached, hundreds of f.imilies were encamped

GEORGE B FLEMING. Special Examiner U. S. Pension Bureau.

WILLIAM H PENN, Chief of U. S. Railway Mail Service.

JOHN R SAGE. Iowa Weather and Crop Service.

MORITZ STERN. Depaitmcni U. S. Revenue Collection,

Dr. GEORGE M CHAPPELL. U S Weather Bueau

CHARLES H ROBINSON. U, S. Pension Agent.

POLK COUNTY COURT HOUSE.

along the line, and Iheir tents and wagons gave the srene the appearance of a mililary expedition. The country beyond had been thoroughly explored, but the United States military authorities had prevented any settlements, or even the marking out of claims by any monuments whatever To aid them in marking out their claims, when the hour should arrive, the settlers had placed piles of dry wood on the rising ground at convenient distances, and a shoit lime before I2 o'clock of the night of the 30th of April, these were lighted, and when the midnight hour arrived it was announced by the discharge of hrearms The night was darl<, but tliis army of occupation pressed forward, torch in hand, with axe and hatchet blazing lines with all manner of corners and angles When daylight came and revealed the confusi.m of these wonderful surveys, numerous disputes arose, settled generally by compromise, but sometimes by violence. Between midnight of the 30II1 of April and sundown of the first of May, over one thousand families had settled in this n<-w purchase While this scene was transpiring the retreating Indian was enacting one more impressive and melancholy. 1 he winter of 1842-43 was cne of uausual severity, and the Indian prophet, who had disapproved of the treaty, attributed the severity of the winter to the anger of the Great Spirit because they had sold their country. Many religious rites were performed to atone for the crime. When the time for leaving Ottumwah no arrived, a solemn silence pervaded the camp, and the faces of their stoutest men were bathed in tears ; and when their cavalcade was put in motion toward the setting sun, there was a spontaneotis outburst of frantic grief from the entire procession. The Indians retnained the appointed time beyond the line running north and south through Red Rock. The government established a trading post and military encampment at the Raccoon Fork of the Des Moines river, then and for many years known as Fort Des Moines. Here the red man lirgered until the nth of October, 1845. when the same scene that was before described was re enacted, and the wave of iinniigration swept over the remainder of the "New Purchase "

MOUNDS OF ANTIOUITY. There were not wanting- e\idcnces of an earlier race than the Indians ha\ing once occupied the oris^nnal site of I-'ort Des Moines. The Mound Builders of the Mississippi \'alle_\-, who once constituted a populous antl powerful nation, hatl left traces of their existence in the fifteen mounds discovered in the \'icinity of the Fort. ( )ne of these ancient relics stood near the corner of l-'ourth and Walnut streets, where Moore's old Opera House (later known as Wonderland) now stands. On the summit of this mound \V. W. Moore erected his first residence. Another mound stood on the site of the Court House, and others were scattered about in different localities. From the bones exhumed on excaxatini;- them, the}' are presumed to ha\e been the " whitened sepulchers " of a pre-historic race. They were at least semi-ci\ilized, as man)- of their in\entions and appliances for the uses of society plainly testify.

FREDERICK C, McCARTNEY.

JOHN MAC VICAK.

7^-^

GEN. ED WRIGHT.

HARDSHIPS AND DANGERS IN EAILY DAYS. There was freiiueiitly distinguishable among the curly pioneers a boldness of character that bortlerecl upon true heroism. l-",specially was this the case among the female ])ortion of the young communit\-. In addition to the privations and hardships incident to i)ioneer life, the untutored savages and w ild uoKes lu)\ered near the rude cabins, and when occasion offeretl made life an addi- tional burden to the hard)' inmates. Among the earliest settlers were I'eter Newcomer and lohn .Saylor, the first settling about four miles east of the I-"ort, in 1844; the latter north of it. opening a garrison farm in .\])ril. 1S4;. To illustrate their earl\- pri\-ations. it is on record that although Mrs. Newcomer had a good cow that ga\e rich milk, she was minus a churn in which to make butter. The ingenuity of her husbanti, however, was equal to the emergency. He found a hollow log. cut off a ;ection of it, and putting in a board bottom, fashioned a dasher out of a hickory pole. Mr. Saylor is said to lia\e tashionetl a bread tra_\- out of a hollow log for his wife, thus utilizing nature's rude hollow-ware as occasions reqiu'red. The families were often reduced to close rations when their scanty su])plies of pro\isions ga\'e out, and barely subsisted u|)on the little game obtainable.

roastetl crab apjjles and acorns, and their drink- was slough water. At one time Mr. .Sa\-lor left his wife alone in the cabin for six weeks while: he went to \'an Hmen ci_)unty on biisiness. Din'ini; his absence the wolves grew ver_\- bold and chased the house-dog across the door-step and glared in at the windows with their hungry, fiery eves, while she sat at her sewing. The Indians were also a source of great annoyance. At one time about thirt\' of the half-tlrunken savages came to the cabin and demanded Mr. Sa\'lor's meat. Although the odds were thiity to one. the hard\- |)ioneer was undismayetl, and picking up a sapling that la_\- near he felletl si.\ of the Indians, one after another, and at the same time \'elling "The soldiers are coming." In this manner he scared them all away and succeeded in saving the precious supplies he had just lieforc purchased.

The Sac Indians often camped about the l*"ort. when not engagetl in hunting. The\- were harmless and inoffensive, ha\ing no care for prox itling something to eat. and their warlilce spirit had been crushed out with the tleath of their great warriors. Their sole occupation seems to ha\e been card playing and target shooting. The}' became adepts in these accomplishments. Their enemies, the Sioux, were to be feared, and at one time threatened to attack the l-'urt, which caused

THE ILIAD

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;i i;ood deal of cxcitL-mciit soiiicthinjj almost unknown to the soidicrs' dull, monotonous life in camp. The soidicrs were ri-nidvcd troni the I*"ort in 1S46.

The town of l-'ort 1 )es Moines was laid out June 4. 1 S46, by A. 1). Jones, surve\'or; assisted by Dr. Fagan. The town officers were Rev. T. Hird. President: I lo\t .Sherman, lion. I'. M. Casady, L. P. .Sherman, C. 1). Reinkini;, K. \\ . .Sxplur and Jesse S. l)i.\, members of the council.

The sale of lots began Iul\- I ;th. of the same year. Lot 5, block 31, corner I-'ourth and Court avenue, sold for S^^: lot i, in the same block, cost its owner the large sum ot SiS. This was at tiiat time considered about the a\erage for lots in what was then the suburbs.

The first white child born within the \illage limits was a son to J. .M. I'hritt. the \illage tailor. The first death was that of an infant child of Lieutenant (jreer.

A class or Methodist societ)- was organized at Fort l)es Moines in the fall of 1.S45.

Benjann'n ]•". Hoxie established the first grocer}' store, after the sutler lelt. t)n the Fast .Side, and R. W. S\ plier sold general merchandise in a log building on the Pheljjs' Place. W. W. Cla])]) kept a grocer)' on the West .Side.

The first regular mail rtiute was opened to Fort Dos Moines in April, 1S46. Josiah Smart was appointed postmaster, but would not serve. Dr. Brooks was appointed in his place. The mail was a weekly, arrivin;^^ on Wednesday. The through route was to Keokuk via Toole's Point, Oskaloosa, Eddyville, Ottumwa and Agency City. In 1S47 Ke\ . William ro.st, of Pella, carried the mail on horseback -about a hat-full in all. I ion. P. M. Casady was then [jostmaster and it is said carried the mail around in his hat, and u])on meeting any one for whom he had mail would lift the postoffice from his head and deliver it.

The first frame building was erected on the 25th of July, 1846. b_\- L)a\id .Solenberger dimen- sions, iS.\-20, and one stor\-. The first brick building in town was erected by J. A. Campbell in 1848. The ph_\-sicians were Doctors Fagan and Kirkl:)ridge on the West Sitle antl Doctor ISrooks on the East Side. In 1846, the \-ear when the county seat was located by the county commissioners at Fort Des Moines, the village contained thirty-one houses, or log cabins, twenty-three families, and one hundred and twenty-se\en souls all told. Most of the settlers who came in that year occupied the garrison houses the militar_\- had recentl}' vacated. It was a fruitful season. Crops were good and immigration received a new impetus.

CAPITAL CITY GAS PLANT

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KRAT2ER CARR:AGE COMPANY.

The hiwNcis conspicuous in the fall campai-n were A. D. Jones, S. D. Wuichestcr. W. D. Frasce. IIon.l'.M.Casady, Col.Tlionias Baker and Major McKay, all of Fort Des Moines. There was on the West Side a little apothecary shop. Mr. \'anatta made chairs and had a turnin.L,^ lathe; Will. F. A)ers did tailorini;, and J. A. Campbell had a ^^roccry and place of anu.se.ncnt for the youn.^r folks to hold singing schools and dances. During this year Addison Michael put up a frame store. The United .States land ofhce was established at Dcs Moines in .March, iS;;,. On the jth of June. Isaac Cooper was api)ointed chief clerk, and lion. I.. Tidrick. register.

On the 22l\ of .September, iS;,, the citizens of ]-ort Des Moines voted to have it incorporated as a town. lion. P. M. Casady. Rev. Thompson Hnd .uul 1.. I'. Shern.an were the committee to draft articles of incorpoiation, which were adopted b>- the people October iS. i.S;,. ]]y act of the legislature the town was incor[)orated in 1S53.

The name was changed to Des Moines, the word "Forf being dropped, in the adoption of a city charter in iS;;. The fust city officers were the following: Col. W. 1 1. Mel lenry, mayor; W. .\. Hunt, J. F. Kemp, I'. R. West, F. White, Isaac Cooper. W. C. Burton. R. F. Tidrick. M. Fawrence. 1. W. Stanton, C. W. Connor. IF II. (irifflth. J. A. Williamson. W. A. .Scott and J. Hyde, aldermen.

FIRST HOUSES.

Tliere is sonic tlispiite, or rather ;j;ood natiired disagreement, among old settlers as to who l>iiilt the first house in Des Moines. The histories record Da\id .Solenberger as having built the first frame residence. The first building for residence pin'pose« was constructed of /'/ly-v b\' (j. \\ . and W. (j. I'.wing, two enter[)rising Indian traders who landed in a keel boat at the I'ort on the ^d of Ma\'. 1S43.

It is claimed by |ames llolcomb that Lewis \\ hitton built the first frame house in l-'ort Ues IMoines, in the rear of the barracks on 'Coon river. This was in 1S46.

W. W. Jones, who came here from Jefferson comity, Indiana, on .\pril 2~ , 1S47, claimed that he built the first frame house on a lot he bought at the corner of Third ,uk1 N'iiie streets.

There was a log building st(jod for many _\ears as an old relic on the east side of Fomth street, between Market and FIni, which was hiu'lt b\- Thomas ^IcMullen in 1S47. It was c'ainied that this was the first hewed log house Iniilt at the hort. »

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DES MOINES LINSEED OIL WORKS.

J. D. SEEBERGER-S E CORNER OF FIFTH SF AND COURT AVE- WHOLESALE HARDWARE STORE.

City Gox'krnmknt.

UK oit^anization of tlic town of I'oit Ucs .Moines occurred shortlv after tlie election of a Board of Commissioners for I'olk comity, April 6. 1840. On April 14, 1S46. tiie board ordered that a town site be selected for tlie count)- seat. This was done, and the town continued to prosper muler the lostering care of a l^oard of Commissioners until October 20, iS;i, when the first town council was elected. The council held their first meetinij at the old court house ."Saturday e\eninsj;, October 25, 1831. The town continued under its own charter until the 1 .e<;islaturc, jii 1S53, granted it an act of incorjioration. The .si.xth General Assembl\-, which conxeiieil December, 1856, incorporated the two towns of "Uemoine" (on the east side of the Des Moines ri\er) and l-"ort Des Moines as a cit\-, which was called thereafter Des Moines, the prefi.\ " I-'ort" being dropped.

The extent of the city boundaries was four miles east and west and two miles north and soutli, embracing an area of eight stjuare miles.

The census talseii in April. 1S57. L;ave to Des Moines a population of less tlian ^,000. The census of iSgo s^ave to the cit_\- a [jopuiation of 52,000, which has since increased to about 65,000.

I-'or a number of years the cit\- L,'o\ernnient was carried on in the now dilapidated structure at the northeast corner of Court avenue and Third street. In 1SS2, under Ma\-or I'. \'. Carev's administration, a fine cit}- hall was constructed at an outlay of 825,000 on the northwest corner of .Secontl and Locust streets, and in the followini,'- year, 1883, a city buildint^, includin;..;- jail and entwine house, was constructeil on the east side of the ri\er, on Walnut, between h'ourth and I'ifth streets, at a cost ot Si 7,000. and in iSg2 a new buildini; was erected on the southwest corner of West .Second ;ind (jrand avenue for the headcjuarters of the fire department and [jolice, at a cost of $20,000. There are now, in all, ele\en stations located at \arious points in the city, with a paitl force of si.\t\- \eteran lire fighters, the \arious stations beiuL;- fuUv equipped with hose reels, hooks and ladtlers, areal trucks and chemical wagons. The police force, consisting of thirty men and an able detective force, under the control of careful managers, is en.ibled to reduce to a mimnumi the amount of crime committeil in the cit\".

KISSERS STORE S E COR OF EAST SIXTH AND LOCUST

CHAS HEWITT-N E, CORNER SECOND AND WALNUT-WHOLESALE GROCERY STORE.

On March 13, 18S0. an ordinance was ])assccl ])ursiiant to the acts of the Twenty-second Gen- eral .\ssenibl\-, cicatini,' a lioartl of Public Works, consisting of two nienibors. to be appointed liy the Mayor, by and w itli the appro\al of the city council, for the lerni of tliree years. Tlie duties of this board arc to carry on all city inipro\enients. such as used to be delei^ated to committees of the council.

The contracted limits of the old cit_\- ( eis/ht square miles I IkkI long ago been outstri])i)ed, and numerous suburban towns, with separate civil governments. si)rang into existence. They were a part of Dcs Moines, and yet did not contrilnite their ijuota of ta.xes in supjjort of the parent city. A number of enterprising citizens, backed b\- the i)owerful influence of the Commercial H.xcliange, worked systematically to annex these outl\ing suburbs before the census of 1S90 was taken, and success crowned their efforts. The repre-^entations made by the Representatives and .Senators from l\)lk county to the Twenty-third deneral .\sseml)l>- residted in the passage of what is known as the annexation act. and by thi.. act forty-six s(]uare mile^ of territor>- have been added to the city of l)es .Moines, making it fift\--four square miles in extent.

Accordin<( to figures taken from the last reports of the City l-".iii;ineer and IJoard of Public Works, there are about fift\- miles of pa\einent in Des Moines, at present there beini;- only about seven miles of cedar block jjavement. the rest of the i)a\ ing' bein;,;' made of paving brick. About six miles of this was laitl during the \-ear 1S95.

rhere are about eight_\--seven miles of curbing, ten miles of which was constructed iluring the year iSg5, andsixt}' miles of sewer, three miles of which was put in the same \ear, the amount ot mone}- expended for public im[)ro\ements amounting to about ^275,033.

It is estimatetl that the property owned b\- the cit\- at the | resent tlate is 8254,095, exclusi\e of the bridges, of which there are ten, four crossing the Raccoon ri\er at \arioas ])oints anil six the Des Moines ri\'er, all of them being locateti at the places most convenient for the traveling ])ublic.

The citv is favored bv a most efficient street railwa)' service \\ hich has forty miles of track and sixt}- cars. The power house in h'.ast Des Moines has ten large boilers, three engines, ten dynamos, antl a machine shop c(|uipped with all the modern machincr)'.

TURNER BLOCK-SEVENTH AND GRAND - OCCUPIED BY PANCOAST-SEARS CO, BICYCLE DEALERS.

llic water suppl)- is received troni llie Raccoon ri\cr in ilu- western portion ut the city. The ca])acity is 13.000,000 ;j;a!lons daily. Tiic water is forced to liie stand-pipe on Seventeenth and tj-ocker streets, which is one of tlie largest ones in the coinitry, being lOD feet high and tl)irt\- feet in diameter, having a capacity of over half a million gallons. It is distributed to the various i)arts of the city through mains measuring about eight)' miles in ieiigtli.

The city is lighU'd l)\ ga> and electricity: there are two electric light plants, the I-"t. Wayne Klectric Light Comi)any and the lulison Light Company, and one, the Ca])ital Cit\- (ias Companv. that su]jplies both g.as and electric light.

The public institutions and organizations will be noticed in another part of this work where the\- mav be dwelt on at trreater lentrth.

County Government.

K history of Polk county is so closely allied with that of Dos Moines that in a work of this kind it is of importance that some of the more pronunent events should be mentioned in tiiis connection. Polk county is situated in the central portion of the State, haxin^.,^ a soil as rich and diversified as any in the State, and yielding abundantl)- to the skill ami industr\- of the atjriculturist. The rivers and streams flowinL;' through the county collect their waters from southern Minnesota and from a large area in central Iowa, forming a water s\'stem of great extent. T!ie principle ri\er is the Des Moines which flows tlirt)ugh the count}' in a southeasterly direction, recei\ing its tributaries. Heaver creek. North river and Raccoon river, from the west, the latter empt\-ing into the 1 )es .Moines within the city limits. The tributaries on the east are Four Mile Creek, the Chicau(|ua (Skunk) rixer anil Intlian creek, besides se\"eral smaller streams. The margins of these streams are well timbered. There are numerous quarries of limestone anil sandstone, while coal is found in inexhaustible quaiititx'. The territorial Legislatine, in session at Iowa City, passed an act, Januar\' 17, 1836, organizing

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Polk county, and appointed a commission which located tlie count)- seat at Fort Des Moines, May 25, 1846.

The first election in Polk county occurred April 6, 1846, when a hoard of three commissioners was elected. The eatjle side of a half dollar constituted the temporary ofticial seal.

In October of the same \ear the board fjought a lot on which to build :i court house, for which they ])aid twent\--five dollars. The court house originally was designed to be a frame structure, but was afterwards changed toa brick with stone foundations, the entire structure to be two stories high. The building cost S2.000. The jail was erected in 1849 at a cost of SJ-.0.

The present court house, including jail in the basement, was begun in 1858, ami not completed for several years. It was first used for court purposes in ()ctoi)er. 1866. The cost of tlie building when com[)leted was over Sioo.ooo. The old structure in 1887-8 was made more convenient by the addition of an entire new wing. While this answers for a temporar\- expedient, it is but a question of a short time when the entire building will have to be substituted by one more motlern and

commodious.

Since the organization of the county it has enjoyed three distinct systems of count}' s^overn- nient. In 1S46 tiie power to govern was vested in a board of commissioners. Tiic count}- judi^es next took the hehii and continued to govern until 1.S60. ( )n the 7th day of Januar\-. iS6',the supervisor system went into operation, and has continued e\er since in charge of the county government.

At tlie first election held in the count}- there were three \oting places. The whole numher of inhabitants at the time was between two and three hundred.

NOTES.

In lul}', 1S47, Boone, count}- was set off from Polk for political, judicial and re\enue purposes. It was called l^oone precinct.

December 5, 1S51, Hardin count}- was attached to I'olk for political purposes.

At the No\ember election, 1.S95, the whole number of votes cast in the count}- was about 1 q ,000.

RECEPTION ROOM UES MOINES PUBLIC LIBRARY

BOOK ROOM AND Ufc-LIVHRY COUNTER-DEb MOINES PUBLIC LIBRARY

I)KS M()lXi:S' FIRST I'OST-Ol-l-ICl': lU'II-DlXC;.

On June 26, 1S49, Iloyt Slu-rnian was appointed postmaster of Fort Des Moines. The office was then kept in the law nflicc of P. AI. Cassady, on Second street. In the sprin- of KS50 Fort Dcs .Moines received iiuite an addition to her po])vilation from Indiana and Ohio. L. P. Sherman, i)rothcr of the postmaster, estabhshcd the J'hrt 1 >ex Mohicx Gazette. The government increased the mail service from a weekly mail to a tri-weeklv.

This insjMred the young postmauei to have an office of his own. He resolved to build a l)Ost-office, and with him to resoKe meant to act accordins^h-. Durin;^ the \-ear iS;o he erected a building on Second street between \'ine and .Market streets on one of the lots now occupied by S. Green and Son's factor\-, a building 16x16, one story, all of native lumber. This was Des Moines' first post-office building. The building now occupied by the post-office is a handsome four story edifice on the corner of h'itth street and Coiu't avenue, facing south and west. There are fort_\- rooms in the b LI ikling, there being accommodations for all the different departments necessary for conducting the business of the I'ederal government. There are about 21; i)eo])le employed in the building in in the \arious departments.

The rooms are large, coniniodious, and convenienth' arranged. The building is supplied

wilh two elevators, it is heated by steam which is supplied by a battery of three large boilers. The

building is lighted by gas in most of the rooms, but electric incandescent lights are used in the

corridors. The post-office is kept open day and night the \-ear round e.xcejjt on .Sunda)-s and legal

holidays, when it is kept open for a part of the day only. Below we give a list of the postmasters

of Des Moines and the dates on which they recei\'etl their appointments. This list was secured

from the government records b}- Hon. Isaac Brandt:

JosiAH Smart, December i ^, 1845.

The poit office was in Agency House, about where the Tuttlr: stone picking house now stands. Smart served seventy-eight days.

Thomas K Brooks. March 2, 1846.

Was the first authorized postmaster. He removed the post-office to his own house, which stood south of the now old Redhead barn, and on the .south side of what is now Court avenue, and in I, N. Thomas' addition.

Phineas M. Cassadv, IJecember 3r, 1846.

He moved the post-office into one of the military log houses on 'Coon Point; afterwards removed the post-office to his own law office, near where is now Green iV Son's foundry, south of Vine on Second street, west side of street. R. L TiDERicK, October 10, 1848.

Post-office remained in Cassady's law offiLC.

READING ROOM AND SECTION OF WINDOWS

LELIVERY COUNTER-DES MOINES PUBLIC LIBRARY.

HoYT Shkrman. Jime 26, 1849.

He built a frame on the ground where Green's foundry now is, on Second street soutti of Vije, and moved the post- office into it. Wesley Redhead, February 10, 1S53.

Remained at the old stand for a while, afterwards removing post-ofTice into the Sherman block, now on Court avenue, about 1S57. Mr. Redhead served the longest term of any postmaster yet appointed, ending May 16, 1.S61. John Teesdale, Ma^' 16, 1S61.

I'ost oflice remained in the Sherman block. Geo. C Tichenor. April 16, 1867.

Remained in Sherman bloek for a while, and then removed to a frame building on Third street, rear of the Sherman block, and in 1870 the main part of the present public building was finished, and the post-office was removed to it, and there remains to this date. J.S. Clakkson, July 27, 1871. John BtcKwixH, March 3, 1879. \V, H. Merkitt, August, 12, 1886.

In 18S5 an addition was ordered to be built to the building and the work was immediately commenced. This was completed in the year i88g. Isaac Brandt, June 2, 1890. Edward H. Hunter, July 26, 1894.

The post office was called 'Coon River I'ost-office till Jum- i, iS4ri. when the name was changed to Fort Des Moines.

DES MOINES PUBLIC LIBRARY.

The foundation of the Des Moines I'ublic Librar}- was laitl in 1867, when a librar)- association was formed through the efforts of interested citizens. A paper setting forth the plans and purposes of the i)roposed library nio\enient was i>repared b\' Colonel Cjordon A. Stewart, a prominent law_\-er of the city, and this was circulated for the purpose of obtaining the signatures of those who were willing to extend aid to the new enterprise. The first signature was that of Colonel C. H.Gatch,now president of the library's boartl of trustees. The whole number of signatures seciu'ed was one hundred and thirty-four, and the association was formally organized, the articles of incorporation being signed and acknowledged on the i6th day of January, 1867. Rooms were rented in the brick building on the southeast corner of Court a\enue and Fourth street, now occupied b}- the DaUij Regkter. A number of books were donated and others purchased, and these were stored in the rooms that had been secured. In .\ugust, 1S67, these rooms were fitted up for use and Mr. C. A. Dudley was appointed librarian, and the library was opened to the public in September with about 2.;iuo books on its shelves.

SECTION OF REFERENCE ROOM AND OFFICE-DES MOINES PUBLIC LIBRARY.

CATALOGUE DEPARTMENT- DES MOINES PUBLIC LIBRARY.

The association luul a stiugslin- existence, with precarious support, lor many years and in 1S82 at the re^rnlar annual meeting, the stucklmlders passed a resolution that the association should turn over to the city all its hooks and other properly in trust upon the condition that the city maintain a free library. In August an ordinance was framed by the city council accepting the trust, and prov iding for the establisinnent. maintenance and management of a cit\- library. The ordinance provided that the library should be under the supervision of a board of five trustees, three of these to be the members of the standing committee of the council known as the library committee, the other two In be chosen from the members of the library association. In October, 1882, after an e.xistenceof fifteen years, the association held a final meeting, confirming the proposition previously made to transfer the library to tlie care of the city. In this wise the present cit>- library was estalilislied.

In iSgo judge Mitchell, wlio had held the otiice ul trustee from the time that the librar>- was placed under the care of the cit.v, died. Not long after, Mr. Redhead, the other trustee, also died, and these places were fille.i by the appointment of Colonel C. H. Gatch and Mr. C. A. Dudlev.

Soon after the ajipointment of the new nienibers the board effected a swstcmatic orLranization. Colonel Gatch bein,^ chosen president: Mr. Dudley, treasurer; and Mr. l^-ank I), llussey, of the standing committee of the council, secretary.

The library had been remo\ed in 1876 from the place in which it was opened to rooms in the building known as "Art Block." on Fourth street, near Court avenue. In iSgo it was transferred from this location to rooms on the first floor of the Young Men's Christian Association building, which had been completed. It occujMeil these rooms until October. iSq;. when it was remo\ed to Eighth and Locust streets, where it is now pleasantly located.

Mrs. \V. T. Dart had been librarian of the association for some time before the transfer of the librar_\- to the cit\-, and continued to hold the position under the new regime until XoNember, iSS;. when she resigned. .She was succeeded by Miss Stella Bebout (afterward Mrs. A. B. .Morsel, who held the position until July. iSgi, when she resigned the work. The place left vacant was filled by the appointment of .Miss Ella :\IcLone\-, who still holds the position.

r^or many years the-library was limited financially. In 1892 the city council Icvieil a tax of

WEST DES MOINES HIGH SCHOOL— Foster, Liebbe & Co., Architects.

EAST DES MOINES HIGH SCHOOL.

one mill for library purjioses. In 1S93 this was reduced to tliree-foiirtli-. ot a mill, but in 1S94 was restored to the lull mill; this, under the present valu ition, afforils an annual income of about Si 5,000.

In the year 1890 the library addeil 379 books, circulated 53,05 1, and was visited by 54,976 people. In 1895 3,286 books were added, 102,773 were circulated, and tliere were 110,433 readers.

The lil)rary is in excellent condition. it has an active and inteiested board of trustees, now

nine m number.

The administration ot the librar\- is wide awake and proi,fressive, and is in step with the modern library movement. A ta.x for a new buildin^j; has been provided for and the friends of tiie library rejoice in the prospect of seeing it b\- and bv in a tittinL,*^ and commodious home of its own. in which it shall ha\e o[)portunit\- for the fullest antl most complete de\ eloi)ment.

DES MOINES SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. It was in the winter of 1830 that the first public school was opened in what is now known as the State of Iowa. On the first day of January, nine years later, an act providins^ for the establishment of a public school system was approved by the governor, but it was not until the winter of 1846-7 that a school was opened m what is now the city of Des Moines. It was not, however, until the winter of 1849 that the city could boast of a regularly organized school. This school was held in the Methodist church for a time, and later in the winter moved into the uncompleted court house. Owing to the fact that this building was without permanent doors or windows the school was dis- continued before the end of the winter term. In 1855 a school house site was purchased on the corner of Ninth and Locust streets and a graded school was established in 1856. The first -school in East Des Moines was taught by Prof. Stone in a building near the corner of Ninth and Des Moines streets— the building is still standing two doors west of Calvar\- Tabernacle on Fourth street. In 1853 Rev. J. A, Nash, who afterwards became the first county superintendent of Polk county, opened a select school, which was continued later under the name of Forest Home

NORTH DES MOINES HIGH SCHOOL l;.;::j:; C N.-..:tt, Arcr.i-.c^t,

BRYANT SCHOOL.

Acadciii)-. As an outs^routli of this acadeinv \vc lia\c to-dax- a ijrospi-nnis rollcijc iiiulcr tlic name of the Dcs Moiiics Collc<,'e. which is so well known I luou'^hout tlie Male. I-"arl\- in the "So's Drake l'ni\ersit\-. named for (io\ernor Drake, its ijrcatest benefactor, was founded. I-Aen later than this on the hills to the north, and overlooking,' the cit\- of Des Moines, has been built Hi<jhland Park Xorinal Collei^e, and the beautiful cottaijes and dormitories connected therewitji: and within the last Near the Danish College has been creeled and we also have hail establisiied in the citv an academy of art, two conservatories of music, and several high grade business colleges, all of which reflect great credit on the cit\' in which they are located.

It is owing to these beautiful public school buihlings models of architectural beaut>- anil skill and the abo\e named colleges, that Des ^loines h.is appiopriatelv been termed "The Athens of the West."

The public schools of Des Moines to-dav have a seating capacil\' of 12,500, with a total enrollment ot 11,837. Iler corps of selected teachers, chosen because of their especial fitness to perform their duties, are dail)- engrafting into the minds of <S,(33^ i>upils in the i)ublic schools a si^irit

of patriotism and true citizenship that will leave its impress on future generations. The people of Ijes Moines are cheerfully expending SjOO.ooo annually in support of these public institutions. Over 3,000 are annually enrolled in tlie colleges, [private schools and seminaries of the city, swelling the attendance at all classes of schools to an arm)- of nearly 15,000.

That the citizens of our city have a just pride in fostering these institutions will not be ciuestioned after the resume of the above statistical information. Neither can anyone question the future of a cit\- of this character. That it will al\\a\-s be a city of homes and schools is the desire of the great majority within her corporate limits. That people educated on this basis cannot be untrue to the nation's welfare, but that they can always be counted among the first to subscribe to the spirit of true citizenship in the future, can rcadilv be discerned from re.iding the history of any nation that has endured in the past.

WEBSTER SCHOOL.

ALCOTT SCHOOL.

LONGFELLOW SCHOOL.

ART. The .lit of tiiawini; is tlic most perfect uni\cisal laiiijuage or artificial means of expression the world lias ever known. The pictorial art has been in use from the earliest histor\- of civilization and its power increases with intellectual development. In its varied forms it has taken such an important place in the world to-day that we cannot estimate its \alue. \'et we have In' no means reached the limits of its usefulness, and until it is t^iven a place of equal importance with tiie lantjuaLies in schools, colleges and uni\ersities its true value will never be known. W'itli all this tliere is no branch of useful education so much net^lected. Our leaders in education are mucli absorbed in certain branches of study that are notliinj; more or less than means of e.\i)ression, or beautiful thoni^dits expressed. It in the [)ast drauini; had received as much stutlx' as written language, to-day we would ha\ i' i|inte as rich a store ol expressed thought in drawing as we ha\ e in writing, l^ut drawing h.is been left to grow uj:) alone as best it could. .Most literary neo[)le believe (through the inllueuce of stor\' books) that artists are born with a knowledge of the art without stud\-. However this may have been in the past, some citizens of Des Moines recognize the fact that thi;

pictorial art is fast takino a place b}- the side of literature, and that Iowa is sending from one to two hundred students yearly to eastern art schools. To meet the increasing demand for serious art study, the Des Moines Academy of 7\rt has been established, that all those who wish to fit them- selves either for teachers of drawing and painting, or for painters or illustrators may have the benefit of instruction bj- competent artists and receive an education in art as it is taught in the best art schools in the world. On the page following is a cut representing some of the rooms of the Des Moines Academy of Art. An)- who are interested in the subject of art in any way will be amply rewarded if they call at the Academy or communicate with the Director, Charles A. Cummings.

MU.SIC. While Des Moines has advanced so steadily and substantially in the financial and commercial world, and in fact in c\er\thing that goes to make a prosperous city, she has not been behind in the most divine of all arts music. Did the limits of this article permit, many reminiscences of concerts and entertainments in the '50's and '(3o's could be related which show that the best class of music had its earnest advocates and supporters in the then small frontitr town. Prominent

LUCAS SCHOOL.

CURTIS SCHOOL

EMKRSON SCHOOL.

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Reception Room. Evening Class.

DES MOINES ACADEMY OF ART.

Dav Class. Private Studio,

aniony the lcadin.<; spirits in the early musical circles were Messrs. C. \V. Kcycs. J. .M. .Mood\-. W . S. Pritchard, L. H. Hush. C. C. Xourse, Tho<. liatton, joe Sherman. Tac Husscy, C. H.Sweeney. None of the above named sa\ e their entire time to music in an.\- of its branches, but as is often the ca.sc a solid foundation was laid l)\- the musically interesteil business men for substantial musical projjres.s. About this time Mr. \'. ('. Taxlor located here and for twenty years he was the most prominent figure in the musical circles in this city, and inileed one of the most i)rominent in the west, lie was as well known as a composer as a teacher, and his work in his chosen profession cannot be too hii^hly praiscii. Hetween 1870 and 18S4 I'rof. Wollett. vocal; I'rof. Proctor, piano, and Mi.sses Nichols and Treat were the |)rominent teachers. There has been a lar.ije number of tine individual voice ami instrumental teachers who were and are doiui; excellent work for the cause of music, but no regular conservatory or music school was established until about 1S89 or 1890 when Dr. M. L. ]5artlett ort^anized the Des Moines IVIusical College, an institution which has stcadil_\- grown until now it is one of the best known schools in the west. Heginning- with only two teachers, including himself, Ur. liartlett put so much energy and merit into his work that he has now a fully equipi;ed

college, incorporated, with a faculty of fifteen teachers, covering all departments of music. In September, 1895, Prof. John Sinclair, organist of St. Paul's church, organized the Des Moines Conserv- atory of Music, which is now in successful operation, having its share of patronage and looking forward to a bright future.

The various institutions of learning have connected with each of them musical deparments of high grade. Prof. Strong, piano, and Mrs. A. A. Hclknap, voice, are at the head of the Drake University Music School; Mrs. C. H. Bonbright, piano, and Mrs. Murdo MacRae, voice, at the Baptist College, and Prof. James Trace)- at Highland Park. The music student in anj- line will find ample opportunities for study in this city.

In the line of vocal music Des Moines has had several societies that have been worthy of mention in the leading music journals of the countr\-. In i<SS3-4 the Des Moines Philharmonic .Society was organized under the direction of Da\id Blakely, of Minneapolis. He continued as conductor until 1886 when he was succeeded b}- M. L. liartlelt, who continued in that position until the society disbanded. For one or two years it was known as the Des Moines Vocal Society, but

MR, TOM JAMES- ART PALACE.

DES MOINES MALE QUARTET.

was \ iitually the same ori,^anization. Duiinn' these years the management of the society was in the hands of Thos. Hatton, S. A. Stevenson, W. V.. Harictt, \)r. Woods Ihitcliinson, C. .M. and C. L. Koeler, and J. li. Weaver, Jr. There has I)een recently- organized the Apollo club, a male chorus of fort\- \oices, wiiicli, if the plans of the originators are carried out, will take an important part in the musical affairs of the city. Its officers are Messrs. C. ]•'.. Ihniii, President: ]•". J. Risser, Vice- President: I,, l-'.. .Seager, Secretary; M. I-'. Kingman. Treasurer: M. I,. Hartlett, Conductor, with an P^.\ecuti\e Committee of C. i\I. Keeler. |. H. Weaver. Jr., and Wm. ]•". Reichard. The club is incorporated and starts with its limited membership of forty closed.

There ha\e been a number of private clubs which have had a most successful career; among which are the P.nterpe club and the Mozart club. During the season 1894-95 the Des Moines Musical College String Ouartet gave some exceptioiialiv good concerts. The Des Moines Lady Ouartet ami the Des Moines Male Ouartet have done a great deal toward extending the citv's musical reputation throughout the .State, tl.eir concert engagements ha\ing been tliroughout all parts of Iowa. Oiu' churches are well sujiplied with i)ipe organs and the church choir music is above the

axerage. (h\r more prominent organists at [jresent are Mr, C. L. Keeler, Prof. Strong, Mrs. F. (). Davis, Mrs. W. A. Hotchkiss, Mrs. Celeste B. Givens, Miss Lulu Nash, Mr. John Sinclair and others.

In the way of orchestral and band music Des Moines has had and now occupies a high place. .Several \'ears ago Prof. L. .S. Gerberich organized the Gerberich (7rand Symphony (Jrchcstra. In the early 'So's Mr. \V. 11 Tomrikins organized a fine Lxand whii, h was a credit to the cit}' and State; it was succeeded by the now famous Iowa State Hand, which was organized by Prof. P'rederick Phinney in iSS6 or iSS;, but did not take on the national character it now possesses until 1892. When the demand for this band became so great as to take it out of the .State so much of the time the I^es Moines Union Hand was organized under the management of .Mr. C W. Partlett.

Tak'en altogether Des Moines' musical history is one of which any city might be proud, llie leading musicians ha\e worked together harmoniously for the general ad\ancenient of that art without which a great deal of pleasure and good in this world would be lost.

Among those who ha\e become famous in music who li\ed in Des Moines are Miss Jennie Dickerson; John McCauley, now in London: Harr\- Pepper, New \'ork', and others.

xlW'Jte-'ti"'

Mr. Henri Ruifrok.

EES MOINES MUSICAL COLLEGE. Dr. M L. Bartlett.

Mr. Carl Riedelsberger.

UKS MUIXKS MUSICAL CULLICGK.

Amont; tlic L;ro\\iiitj music schools of the country \vc find marching in the front rank tlie Des Moines Musical College, an institiition of which the citizens of Iowa can rightfully feel proud. Dr. M. L. Bartlett founded the Des Moines Musical College in 1887 and is now its president and director. Dr. Bartlett has a national reputation as a conductor and vocal teacher. Dr. Hartlett lias endeared himself to the music lo\ing people of Des .Moines b\- his never ending zeal in behalf of the advance- ment of music in our city and State. Mr. Henri Rviifrok. who is at the head of the piano depart- ment of the College, is a full graduate of the noted Leipsic Conservatory of Music anil uses the same methods in his work here, and which are already showing excellent results.

Mr. Carl Riedelsbergcr represents the highest (le\eloi)ment of the great German school of \ iolin playing, being a graduate of the noted Stern Conservatory of Music of Ik-rlin, and \n\\n\ of the great violinist, Emil Sauret. The work of the ensemble classes, under Mr. Reidelsberger, have already attracted no little attention and these classes, which are free to pupils of the College, cannot be founil in any other school in this countr\\

The guitar, banjo and mantlolin school is under the direction of Mr. F. J. Newell and Charles Levin. .Mrs. Bartlett and Miss I.uella lla\ward are assistant teachers in piano and voice.

THE DES MOINES CONSERVATORY ()E MUSIC. This institution was oi\<Janizcd by Mr. John Sinclair, in the summer of 1895, and occupies elegant and commodious quarters at 41O and 41S West Walnut street. All branches of music are taught, and the different departments are presided over i>\- the most efificient and besi musicians that can be found. The object of the irjstitution is to suppl_\- a long felt demand for a conservatorv of music in which instruction could be given in all the different lines of musical art at a price within the reach of all. As incentives to stucly the faculty present prizes to the students who make the most ad\ancenicnt during the term and, for entertainment aiul amusement and practical help to the student, recitals are given at regular intervals- this keep.; up a keen interest in the work and from the success which has attended them so far, it is to be hoped that in the future the manager will be anij^ly rewarded for the energy [)ut forth in establishing an institution for the [jromotion of tiiat art which is the source of so much jjleasure and hajipiness in the world.

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HIGHLAND PARK NORMAL COLLEGE

IIK.IIL.WI) PARK NORMAL COLLK(iK. This institution was tounded in iS.Sg <uul opened to the puijlic ,n .Sei)tcniijcr, 1890. President U. n. Longwell has had charge of the institution from its founding. His first and greatest aim has been to make tliis one of the most substantial and thorough-going institutions of learning in the country. He has always been able to keep a remarkably strong faculty, and the institution is lirobably one of the best ecjuipped schools in the covmtry. During the first year of the school, 1890-91.^21 different students were enrolled; the second year 1,262 were enrolled, the third year I,:,M. The school then became embarrassed through the failure of some of the men connected with the enterprise, but it has alwaN's been conceded it was not through any fault of the school itself as the school was always on more than a pa.N-ing basis. The property has passed through the courts and is now owned and managed by a strong syndicate and is a solid financial institution. The standard of work. howe\er. was never lowered and the school is to-day stronger in every way than it has ever been before. The location is admirable. The buildings are equal to those of any other school in the country, and there are few .State institutions that are better equipped for any grade of college work.

DRAKE liNIVERSITV,

BARTON I). AVLESW'OKTH, D. I)., LL. D., FKESIDEN'T.

Drake Universit\' was fouiuled in iS8i. It was a liigh-[}ur|)osed effort to put into the concrete the jjlans of D. R. Lucas, G. T. Cari)enter and other:;, to whom Des Moines even at that time seemed tlie inevitable metropolis of the lower northwest. It was named in honor of Gen. I-'. M. Drake, of Center\ille, Iowa, its most liberal donor.

Its first session was held in a temporary frame building on the present campus. The main building was first occupied in 18S3. The church and chapel were dedicated in 1890. the science hall was completed in 1892. The law and medical building was purchased and enlarged the same year. The literary societies are well housed and gi\en comfortable surroundings. The societies are ojien alike to the students of ever)- department.

The character of the Uni\ersit\' is English rather than German, since it comprehends a circle of ten colleges: Letters and Science, Bible, Nornral, Law, Medical, Business, Musical, Oratorical, Art and Pharmac}-. l'"ach college is superintended by a Dean chosen because of his special proficienc\-

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Medical and Law Building.

DRAKE UNIVERSITY. Science Hall. Main Building.

Chapel.

DRAKE UNIVERSITY SOCIETY HALLS.

Alethean.

Philomathian.

and renown in his line of instruction. ICacli college has its own special courses and grants a special certificate or diploma. Certificates only; are granted unless the professional work is based upon satisfactory general collegiate attainments. The granting of a diploma constitutes the holder an alumnus of the institution.

All students of the several colleges ma\- enjo\- the privileges of museums, libraries, reading rooms, lectures, etc., of the Uni\crsit\-, and ma\- take classes in general or professional work in an\- of its schools upon e<iuilal)le terms. The exprit de mrp.s ol the University is maintained through the President, the social commingling of the stuilents, and the interchange of class work among the \arious departments. The purpose of the school as a whole is to create active agents in tlie indus- trial and intellectual systems of the age. Drake University will enroll more than a thousand students in its several departments this \-ear, while the nmnber of graduates will e.\ceed one hundred and twent\--fi\e.

GOVERNOR FRANCIS 'SI. DRAKE.

Governor Francis M. Drake was born in Rush\-illc, Illinois, December 30, 1830, beint;' the second son of Jcihii Adams Drake, b}- his wife, Harriet Jane O'Neal, natives of North Carolina. The famil)' located in Iowa in 1S37, and the Governor has since resided in that .State, his home now beint;' in Center\ille. He received a t.;ood business education, and has 'etl an active and successful busiiK^ss life. He crossetl the plains twice to Sacramento with an ox-train and drove of cattle during the ;.;old excitement in California; on the first trip, m commantl of twent\' men, at the crossint,'' of .Shell Creek, Nebraska, he was in a severe engagement with about three hundretl Pawnee Indians, whom lie defeated, inflicting on them a heavy loss. He was a passenger on the steamer "Yankee Hlade," wrecked .September 30, 1S54, on the Pacific Ocean, the vessel being totall)- lost, and he narrowly escaped, luuing been picked up on the coast five days afterwards.

At the outbreak of the Ci\il War in i86i,he enlisted, and was commissioned captain of a company which was organized into Colonel Edwards' Indejiendent Iowa Regiment, of which he was elected major, and with this command served through the critical times of 1861 in Missouri, dri\'ing the forces under General Patton from the northern part of the state. He was then assigned by General Prentiss to the command of St. Joseph, Missouri, holding the position at the time of Mulligan's surrender to Price at Lexington, and repulsing the attack on St. Joseph soon afterwartls.

DRAKE UNIVERSITY GYMNASIUM

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At the organization of the 36th Iowa IiiraiUi\- in 1862. lie was made lieutenant-colonel, and in llie niilitar)- liistoiy of llic three years' hard and efficient ser\ice of that regiment, placing it among the distinguished Iowa regiments, Ids name stands conspicuous.

He took a prominent part in the campaign of Steele from Little Rock to reinforce Hanks at Louisiana in 1S64, and reniiered import.int service. His gallant defense at I-dkins' I'"ord on the Little Missoiu'i l\i\cr. while in command of a tlet.ichment of fi\'c hundred men, against Marmaduke's division, three thousand strong, resulting in holding the ford after a severe engagement of several hours, was highl\- commended l)y his superior officers, and he was soon afterwards placed in command of his hiigade. ( )n the j;th of .\pril. at the bloody battle of Mark's Mills, while in command of less than fifteen hundred men, fighting the combined ca\alry forces of Kirby Smith, commanded b}- General Fagan, he was severeh" wounded in the lelt thigh, and fell into the hands of the eneni}'. The wound was pronounced mortal, the thigh bone being slightly fractured l)y a Helgian ball weighing one and a half omices, the bone severing the ball, and the pieces being extracted from different parts of the body, except one drachm of leatl being burieil in the bone where it struck and still remains. Owing to the se\erity of the wound he was not held a jirisoner, and after a confinement of nearl\- six nujnths. his wounds being sufficiently healed, he, in ( )ctober following, b\- the aid of crutches, rejoined his commaiul at Little Rock'. He was soon after recom-

meiuled for promotion liy the field and t^cneral officers "on account of general gallantry and hartl and efificient service," and was breveted Brigadier-general of United States Volunteers, and assigned for duty commensurate with his rank. He relieved General Thayer at St. Charles, and later commamled a brigade in the tlivision of (ieneral .Shaler, and the post of Duval's l^luff. .Arkansas, until his muster out of service in September, 1865.

Alter the war Cleneral Drake engaged very successfully in the practice of law about six _\-ears. For the last twent\--fi\'e years he has been in the railroad and banking business; has projected anil built fue railroads. He is President of the Hoard of Trustees of Drake Universit}-, Des Moines, Iowa, which bears his name as one of its founders and its most liberal benefactor. He has also contributed largely to other educational institutions, and to the missionary societies and church extension fund of the Christian brotherhood, with which he stands prominently connected.

Governor Drake was married December 24, iS;5, to Mary Jane Lord, deccasetl June 22. 1883. Two sons — Frank Ellsworth and John Adams — and four daughters, Millie D. Shouts, Jennie D. Sawyers, tlva D. Goss and Mary Lord Drake are living.

He was elected Governor on the 5th day of November, iSij;. having received the largest vote ever cast for an_\- candidate for that of^ce in the State. His daugiiter, Mary Lortl. has charge of the social duties of his administration.

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L'AN:aH LUrHbKAN COLLEGE.

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This is tlu- only Danish Lutheran l'iii\LTsit\- in tlic Unitctl States and consequently nnicli is to 1)0 expected of it in tlic future, as there are a Ljreat many youni; ])eo|)le of this nationalit\- who wisli to complete their education after their arri\al in this countr)-. and by iia\'inLj access to a school where they can he tauL;'ht the arts and sciences in tlie mother toULjne it is much easier for them to I)roceeil with their studies.

The collei^e was conmienced in 18(^4-9; and the east wiw^ of the buildinij erected in the summer of iS,);; ii uill In- uptMied for the admission of students in the >])rin'4 of 1S96. The site is well chosen, Ijeinj; northe.ist ol Des Moines. o\erlookint^ the C]t\- and surroundin;,; countr}-. Much of the credit J'or securing;- the collet^a- is due to Mr. K. Lauretson and Mr. I)a\id II. Kooker, who did all in their ijuwer to raise finuU ar.d secine the necessar\- land on which to build.

IOWA BUSINESS COLLEGE.

The Iowa Business Collc.t;;e of Des Moines is one of her oldest and best known institutions. It was or<i;ani/.ed and first opened its doors for public patronage in November 1.S65, with C. B. \Vortliint,rton and Capt. J. W. Muffly as its president and secretar)-. The school was first located in the .Sherman block, northeast corner of Third street and Court a\enue.

In 1S70 new rooms were arranged for its accommodation in the Rollins block, corner of Walnut and Fourth streets, where it remained until 18S6.

In 1874 the school was purchased b\' Messrs. Geo. Ward and A. C. Jennings, who were associated as principals for one year, when I'rol. Jennings took full charge and has since acted as president of the institution.

In i88j Prof. C. .S, Cha]inian became associated in the management of the school and occu|)ietl the position of secretai}- liiitil 1889. wlieii he retired to occu]))' a similar jiosition in the Curtis College, of Minneapolis.

A. C Jennings. President IOWA BUSINESS COLLEGE.

View of Shorthand Room,

E. L. Moore, Secretary, College Office.

Theory Hall

Telegraphy.

IOWA BUSINESS COLLEGE

The Commercial Exchange. Typewriting Room.

In iSS; the collc-c was a.i,'ain removed to larocr apartments in the Mynn l)lock. corner of Seventh and Locust streets, where it remaineii until tiie >ear 1890. when tlie Iowa School of Short- hand antl tlie Iowa School of Telegrai)h\- were oryani/.ed in connection.

The V. M. C. A. huildintj, on the corner of Fourth street and Grand avenue, was the next home of the I. H. C.

Trot. h. L. Moore became the secretarv of the reort,ani/.ed school in 1894, when a new business block was erected for the colle-e and arran-ed especially for its acc,,nnn.i,lation on the corner of Fourth and Locust streets. Four views of the eleven commodious rooms are shown in this \olume.

The institution is now in the most prosperous condition since its organization and is one of the best, if not the best, eciuipjied schools in the State of Iowa and this means as s^ooil as the .best.

DES MOINES C0LLE(;E. Des Moines Colletje is the oldest educational institution in iJes Moines. It was incorporated in 1865, but it grew out of a school whi'-h had been conducted by the Rew I. A. Nash, 1). I)., for some years prior to that date. It has several peculiar features. One is that it has never attempted to gain a large patronage b_\- promising more than it can perform or b_\' a low stantlard of work. It has alwa\'s sought to do its work thoroughl)-, even at the expense of a large attendance. Another characteristic is its close affiliation with the Universit}- of Chicago. This relationship is of such a nature that work performed at the college is credited at the Unixersity. The college has three departments- the Academy, the College, and Music. The first is a first-class [)re[)aratory school; the second covers the grountl of the best college curriculums, and the thirtl gi\es thorough training in vocal music, harmony anil the piano-forte.

DES MOINES COLLEGE.

Main Office. CAPITAL CITY COMMERCIAL COLLEGE.

School of Shorthand. Main Room.

Commercial Exchange.

Typewriting Department.

Till". CAl'llAL C1T\- COALMI'.RCIAL C(JLLi:(,i;.

The road to success ina\- be as i)laiii as "the road to mill," but uotwithstaudiiii^ this, niany vvho seek it do not find it. Tiicre are nianv thini^s that lead to a successful career, among which nia\- be reckoned, in addition to the i^encral ([ualitications, honest}-, industry, continuity, etc.. the element of preparation. It is a truism that ships should be ])reparc(l for a sea vova'^e before sailint(, and soldiers be trained for battle before fit^htiuL;. \\'h\- not train \ouny men and women for success before they l^o out to buffet with the \va\es ^>( practical life: why not drill and discipline them for the battle before the_\- be.i^in to tl.^lu it, and not send them weaponless into liie conflict to be broken and discourat^a-d l.)_\- certain defeat.

The Ca])ital City Commercial CollcLje and the Capital Cit\- .School of .shorthand, ^'. M. C. A. buildinL,', Ues Moines, Iowa (views of which may be seen on the opposite page), are among tiie leading training schools of this country for the i)re[)aration of _\-oung men and women for business life. Hundretls of students go out trom them each year better eijuippetl for life's work, better able to do something useful and protUable, better pre[)ared to at once earn an honest livelihood, than arc graduates of many classical institutions. Catalogues will be sent anywhere upon request. Address Mehan & McCaule\-, I)es .Moines, Iowa.

YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION.

The Youtis; Men's Christian Association is one of the great philanthropic and business institutions of our cit\-. It was organized in 1872, holding oni\' religious meetings at the start, afterward it branched out into other lines, moving from time to time as its quarters became too small. In 1888 the "Building Idea" was taken up in earnest, ami within one j-ear $50,000 was subscribed. ]VIa\- 15, i88q, the first dirt was moved antl ]\Ia\- 19, 1891, the building was opened for work. The total cost of building and lot was $75,000; the propert}' is now valued at $100,000. The Capital Cit)- Commercial College rents the entire fourth aiul fifth floors, ha\ing one of the nu)st tlesirable locations in the West. Class rooms, the auditorium, reading rooms, [larlors and amusement room fill the third and second floors, while the g_\-mnasium and bath roonis occup\' the remainder of the building. The gymnasium, 56x74, is the largest and best equipped in the .State.

The general work' of the Association is the all around develoiMiient of \-oimg men. It carries on the most extensive lecture course in the cit\-: its e\'ening classes gi\e aiuple facilit\' to

YOUNG MEN S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION BUILDING-N W Corner of Fourth and Grand Avcr.uc,

Reception Room. YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION ROOMS

Reading Room and Parlor.

Parlor.

Gymnayium.

young men who lia\c not had eailier oi^portunity to ini])io\c tlicir niinils; the gx-mnasiiini is full in the winter months, while those who tlesire can find classes in mble stud)- and otlier religious [iri\ ileges. All classes of men seek its privileges, and it is safe to say no organization is more popular in our land to-day than the ^'oung Men's Christian Association.

ST. AMBROSE CHURCH. The new St. .\mbrose church was completed and dedicated in ( )ctober, icSyi. It is beau- tifully located on the corner of Si.xth and High streets, and proud!)' facing one of the busiest avenues of the city. There is no detail to detract or wound the eye of the spectator for all is one marvelous whole of true and simple grandeur. It is built of Bedford stone, and is a gootl type ot the Romanesque style of architecture. Its extreme length is 185 feet and extreme width 103 feet. The side walls of the building are thirt\-seven feet high, the ridge of the roof eight\- feet high. In front is a massive square campanile or tower 150 feet high, with clustered lolumns and car\ed caps surmounted b\- a gold cross.

The interior is all finished in hard wood. The walls are wainscoted with white oak and walnut trimniino's over which are fresco paintings, emblematic of various mysteries of religion, and the ceiling is paneled in beautifully carved wood. The stained glass windows are of a superior quality, decorated with beautiful religious emblems, except the windows around the chancel, which contain each one a life size figure of some great saint of the church. The auditorium is large and open, without any columns or pillars to obstruct the sight or hearing. At the rear is a large gallery for organ and choir, while in front is a sanctuary large enough to accommodate, if necessary, two hundred clergymen. The seating capacity of the church is about 1,500, and the cost $95,000. It was erected during the pastorship and under the supervision of the Very Reverend Mr. Flavin, its present pastor.

THE MARBLE ALTAR IN ST. AMBROSE CHURCH.

The most prominent and attractive feature of St. Ambrose church is the main altar, a gem of beauty and architecture, which brings many visitors to this church. It is built of marble and

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onyx columns with iiciii :_;()K1 plated ca])itals, and is of Runiancsquc stylo to suit the cluirch. It is thirty-seven feet liii;h and twenty-four feet wide, surmounted bx' a liea\\' i,Mlt cross, and at either side a representation of St. Michael, the archangel, with a trumpet, calling mankind to judgment; while in front and inuiiediatcly under the cross is a life size statue of the Savior, rejiresenting His ascension into hea\cn and atldressing these consoling words to his followers: "Come, ye blessed of M\- Father, possess the Kingdom iirejjared for you." The table of the altar is one piece of marble twelve feet long and two feet wide. ()\-er this is a massive revolving tabernacle with a large crucifi.x. and at either side life size statues of Saints John the I'.vangelist and ^latthew and two adoring angels, one at each extremity of the altar, in an attitude of i)ra\er. L nder the table ol the altar is a lovely group of statuar\- representing the last supper. It was designed and executed by v.. Hacklier, La Crosse, Wisconsin, who has obtained a national reputation as an altar builder, and erectetl in mcmor\- of Mr. and Mrs. John ( )'Connor, who donated it to the church.

FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH

The First Baptist Church of Dcs Moines was established in 1851, with a membership of ele\en persons, Re\'. John A. Nash being the first pastor. For about three years the society used the old court house for their ser\ices. The first building erected by the society was a small, plain brick structure on Mulberr}' street opposite the present court house. This building was usetl until 1867, when a larger building was erected on the corner of Eighth and Locust and used until 1S93. For the last two \'cars the society has occupied the High street building. In 1,894 the society resolved to erect a new church, modern in design and finish and adequate to their increasing congregation. \'arious plans were submitted to the committee and the one designed by Eastman & McLelland was so superior to the others that it was unanimousl)' adopted. The corner stone was laid in ( )ctober of the year 1S94. .Since then the work of erection has steadil\- proceeded and only the interior work remains to be finished.

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ST. JOHN'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHIRCH. St. loliii's I'.vangelical Lutheran Chmch, of Dcs Moines, Iowa, wa.s first organized .November 26, 186;, by tile superintendent of tlie Home Mission lioard of the (.enerai .Synod of the United States, as a Mission Cliurcl., with twenty-four members. The first services were lieUl in what was tiien the Lirst Christian Church, tormerl\- the county court house. In Marcii. 1S67, the congregation bought a lot on the corner of .Seventh ami .Sycamore (now drand a\emie) ami in 1 S6.S the\- commenced the erection of their first church home, and Januar\- s, iS6q. the building was dedicatei.1. Their first church home was a frame buiUling. The present church building, corner Si.\lh avenue and Chestnut street, was erected at a cost of about S3;,000: the basement was finished and the first ser\ice held in .March, lS(jo; the main building was completetl and dedicated in b'ebruar\-, 1892. The congregation, beginning with no church home ami a small membersiiip, has steadily grown and jjrospereil until the>- have one of the most beautiful and commodious church homes in the cit\-, as mav be seen b\- referring to the accompanying illustration on opposite l)age.

THE CENTRAL PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.

The Central Presb\-tcrian Church was organized on the 4th of Ianuar\-, 1S48, in one of the block- houses which stood on the banks of the Raccoon river, near its junction with the Des Moines, b\- the Rev. Thoni[json Hird, with a membership of si.x persons. Subsequent services were held in the homes of the different members of the church until in the summer of 1S53 when the first house of worship was erected which was a frame structure built on the west side of Fourth street, just south of where the Kirkvvood now stands. It was destro\'eci by fire foiu' years later. The corner stone of the commodious building on the northeastern corner of Eighth and High streets was laid .September 5, 1867, and the completed building was dedicated January 2, 1S70.

In 1S7; the First Presbyterian chiuxh, which had been organizetl at the same time as the Central church, united with it and the congregation decided to call it the I'resb}'terian Church of Des Moines, but thirteen \-ears later it was changed to the Central rresb\-terian Church.

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FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH-S W. Corner Ninth and Pleasant Streets.

FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCIT The First Mcthixlisl Church of Dos Moines bears the distinction of being the outgrowth of the first reHgions organization e\er estabUsiied in Des Moines, this being farther west than anj- similar organization on ihe American continent at tiiat time. Tiiis was a Sun(hi)'-school organized in tlie sum- mer of 1846 1))' Ezra Ratld)un and Henjamin !•". Ik).\ie, assisted fjy I-atlier Rathbun ami four teachers, there being only se\en sciiolars. The meeting was held in one of the garrison houses on 'Coon ri\er: after the organization was effected tliey adjourned to the bank of the Des Moines river, wliere the lesson was conducted beneath the shatle of a large Cottonwood tree. .\ little later a Bible class was formed by some of the older mendiers and soon after the hrst niini.ster, Re\'. Russell, was sent to take charge of the small l)and of Metliodists. The organization continued to hoitl their meetings at different ])laces until the s[)ring of 1S4S, when they erecteil their tlist church edifice on

a lot just across the alley from the post-office building" on Fifth street. This building was •destroyed b)" a wind storm before its completion and liad to be rebuilt. The church occupied this building; until 1S56, when a brick structure was erected a short distance north of it, where the Iowa Loan & Trust Company building now stands. In 18S0 it was deemed advisable to move farther out of town, and the ground was accordingly sold and the proceeds used to purchase grounds and to erect the beautiful and commodious structure which now stands on the southwest corner of Ninth and Pleasant streets. The First M. F. Church is one of the largest and most prosperous in the cit\-, with a membership of more than one thousand. The cut on the preceding page was made from a photo which was taken more for the beauty of the surroundings than to show the architectural style of the church represented.

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PLYMOUTH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. The I'lynunth Consrc-ational Church was organized December 6, ,8;;, R,v, Joseph T. Cook be.nK u.stallecl as its pastor. The first ,neetin<,s were held over .Mien's Hank, hut soon after the services were conducted in ShernK„rs Hall on Court avenue. Here the church renKuned until the sumn.er of ,858, when a lot was leased and a sn.all ,n„ne buildin. was erected on Court avenue, near where the post-office now stands: bu, th,s Inuld.n. was soon removed to a lot adjoining the lot now occup.ed by the l>lyn,outh church. Th,s buildin. was repaired and enlarged at various times until in the year ,875 when ,t was torn away to be superseded by ,he handsle structure wh.ch now stands on the corner of Seventh and Locust streets. Rev. .\. L. |.nsb,e, the fourth pastor, was installed in the year ,87, and has now been wuh the church for twenty-five years. He has done nu,ch toward rais.n^ it fron, a small .uul stru,»d,„,. band of followers to a large and well-organized church of six hundred and fifty members or nu.re.

CENTRAL CHURCH OF CHRIST.

Tlie Central Church of Christ was organized October i, i860, with seventeen members. The first place of worship was an old brick building on East Market street: the next a hall over what was then known as the Des Moines House; the first building owned by the congregation was situated on Cherry street, opposite the court house, and is now the Wabash depot. Later the church jnu'chased the ( )ld .School Presbyterian edifice at 709 Locust street, which was improved and occupied for ten years. In 1890 the elegant structure shown in the cut was built at the corner of Ninth and Pleasant streets. It is built of Lake Superior brown stone, elegant in its appointments and elaborately furnished. Its prevailing tone is the cherr)- hue. The auditorium is finished with cherry, and the case of the great organ, built at a cost of $7,500, is also cherry. The entire cost of the Central Church was $100,000.

For twenty-five years the congregation made slow but substantial progress. The present pastor. Dr. Breeden. commenced his labors in 1885, at which time the church numbered, all told, 340 members. Now it numbers 1,330. The entire membership of the Christian churches in Des Moines is said to be 3,800.

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ST. PALL'S CHURCH. The Parish of St. Paul was ori^anizc<l in 1S54, and vestrv elected. .Ser\iccs were held tlurin;^ iS;5 and 1S56 in the (jld court house. Tiie first church buildin;^- was built durini; the year of 1856, and was located on the west side of -Seventh street just above Walnut. The first service was held in this building on (hristinas day. lS;6. The present building, corner of Ninth and Higli streets, was commenced in 1SS4, anil completed in 1SS5. It cost, including organ and fvuMiishing, about $40,000.

THE SWEDISH LUTHERAN CHURCH.

This edifice is situated on the corner of East Fifth and Des Moines streets. This coniiresra- tion was organized in 1869 b_\- Rev. Hakan Olson, Rev. J. Tellen being its first regular pastor. For the first si.x'teen years the congregation worshiped at the corner of East First and Grand avenue, until they secured a site at the above named place where their imposing edifice now stands, being o:ie of the largest churches on the east side. This organization has an immense work to perform among the .Swedish people of the east side. The people being Lutherans b_\' education in the mother land they naturally look to their church for religious instruction even in this countrx-, hence the majority of the Swedish peojjle in the cit\-, the natural parish of this thriving society. The church has an extensive routine of work. Besides usual Sunday services, Sunda)-- school and prayer meetings, it has generally a weekly business meeting of Sunday-school workers, some one of the many aid societies, etc, etc. The church has many aid societies viz: The young ladies' "Dorcas," the young men's "Concordia," the elderly ladies" missionary league, the Catechu- men league, and the Luther league, all working for the spiritual and pecuniary welfare of the church.

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C.\[\.\R\ .Ml.ssloX. Calvary Mission held its first Sabbath-school at tlic Capital Cit_\- Opera House. 3 I', m., |atuiar\-

18, 1891 an ori^^anization being perfectetl i)re\iously at the home of Mr. ami Mrs. Chas. K. Risscr.

It is [jiirely an undenomin.itional institution, and labors amon;^ the ma.sses. The work has been a i,n-eat success from the first. An industrial department has been in constant operation ever since the or<,ranization of the school. Intense enthusiasm has always been manifested in the work. Soon after the first anni\ersar\- was celebrated the societ>- was left homeless b\- the destruction In- fire of the opera houte; a small hall was secured for temporar\- quarters. Steps were at once taken to binld a home adequate for the growing school. ;uul before the close of the \e.ir the present commodious budding was occupied. The auditorium has .1 seating capacity o( .'.500 from 3,000 to 4,000 have fre<|uently been accommodated. The lower p.irt of the Iniililing is used for secular work, .ind when completed will lia\e all the modern appliances of the institutional church. Several of the most active ones now interested have come into the work since its organization. Regular gospel services are now being carried on with marked success.

Rev. Carl H. Johnson, pastor of Swedish Mission Church (East Tenth and L\-on streets), was born in Haniveda, Sweden, Janiiar}- i, 1862. In i86ghis parents, to better their ver}" poor financial circumstances, emi- grated to America, and settled in Menrv count}'. 111. Here the boy had opportunit\- to attend public and also private Swedish schools. In 1875 the family moved to Web- ster county, Iowa. Young Johnson had now more meager opportunities for schooling, but used his spare moments and attended school during winter. He entered Ausgaru Col- lege, Knoxville. 111., in 1S83, and was admitted to the senior class preparing for the ministry, but was on account of impaired health com- pelled to return home the following year. Was called to the ministry of his home church, and was licensed to preach by the Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Mission S\'nod in 1885. He was ordained in 1889. ]\Iarried in 1890 to Miss .Sophia I^lizabeth Jonson. Called to his present charge in 1892.

The Swedish Evangelical Mission Church was organized in 1868 bj- a few Christians arrived in the city. In 1871 the first meeting house — a frame building 32x40 — was erected at the corner of East Second and Des Moines streets. The congregation having outgrown this building a brick church, 40.K70, was Iniilt in 1882. The present church (corner of Tenth and Lyon streets) was built in 1895 at a cost of about $12,000. Carl R. Johnson assumed the pastoral duties of the church o\er which he now [iresides in 1892.

REV. CARL B. JOHNSON.

SWEDISH EVANGELICAL MISSION CHURCH-S. W. Cor East Tenth and Des Moines Sts.

SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST CHURCH AND MISSION-N E Cor East Twellth and Dts Moines Sts.

Till'. Sl'AKXTIl- D.W .\l)\i:\Tlsr (IlLRCH. The cut on the oijpositc pa^^e is a representation of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church, located on liie corner of Kast Twelfth and Des Moines streets. Regular .Sabbath-school and church services arc held each .Saturday -the da_\' observed by tlieni as the Sabbath C. 11. Parsons beiu"- the acting ekler. In connection with the church there is located on the same premises what is known as the Conference 1 Ionic, in which is transacted the state business of the denomination, which is numericall}- ciuite strong in Iowa, including the Iowa Tract Societ\- and the Iowa State .Sabbath-school Association, both of which organizations are in a flourishing condition. This peo- ple are so well known that little need be said concerning them. The distinctive features of their religious belief are the obserxance of the se\enth day as the .'^abbath, fcr which they claim to find abundant proof in the .Scri[)tures, and the near advent of Christ, although the}- make no pretense as to the exact date when that e\ent will occiu'. They are a ])lain. honest, industrious, law-abiding people, and are regarded as excellent citizens.

Des Moin'ks Parks.

^OT UK question of public parks had been agitated in the newspapers for many years, and an -•- imperfect law was on the statute books prior to 1S92 which conferred scant power upon park commissioners to care for such tracts as might be donated or were owned bv the cit)', but no means were provided whereb}- land might be acquired for park purposes. The agitation by the press and efforts of enthusiastic citizens culminated in an appeal to the Twenty-fourth General Assembly in iS()2, which passed a law conferring the right of park commissioners in cities of the first class to issue bonds for park [)urposes.

GREENWOOD PARK. The first site selected b\- the Commissioners for a park was a portion of Brown's Woods, situated two and a half miles due west of the post-office on Grand avenue, consisting of eighty-one acres. This tract of land had for \ears been considered an ideal spot for a public park, and had been held by its owner, T. E. Brown (now deceased), with that purpose in view. So certain was he of the ultimate use to which this land would be put, that he had in part laid the foundation for

Cafe.

Reproduction of First Settlers' Cabin.

GREENWOOD PARK. On the Rustic Br dge.

The Menagerie Drilling the Artesian Well

GREENWOOD PARK-The Lake.

nKuntainins,^ a jniblic i)lcasurc t^^round liy clcariiiij; away the iinder-^n-ovvtli. constructino- roadways. l)uildint,r a dam across the creek that meanders thvoui^h the laiul. thus creating a si^^ditly hike, and in various ways improving liis holdiii-- at a coiisiiierable outlay of l><)th time and monev: intieeii, tlie character oi tiie improvements were such as to enable the Commission to throw oj^en the gates to the public iinmediatel>- after the [inrchasc was effected. The Conmiission deemed it but just to the Hrown estate, in determining the price it considered fair lo pa\- lor this land to take into consideration the extent and cost of the improvement alread\- made.

Many elements contribute to make Greenwood Park a ver>- popular resort. It is easil\- accessible, either by street railway or b\- road — the Ingersoll avenue car line terminates directl\- at the entrance to the park, and Grand avenue, a broad eighty-foot thoroughfare, a large portion of which is already paved, forms a fine boulevard for reaching the northern entrance anil an eastern entrance has also been arranged for. t'ommencing at Park Lane a si.xty foot avenue will be graded to the ])ark, striking the east line about the center of the tract.

DuriiiLi the fall of 1894 a commodious pavilion was erected on a commandintj site, oveiiookins:^ the lake. Here a competent caterer serves refreshments at reasonable prices throughout the season, the pavilion affording shelter for t]uite a number of people in time of rain. The pavilion is surrountled b)- rustic seats made from nati\e saplings. A well near by fiu'nishes excellent drinking water and this spot is very po])ular as a picnic ground.

A mmiber of swings have been put up in different parts of the groinids and a number of pleasure boats, including a graceful swan boat, ply upon the lake.

Just east of the lake, workmen have drilled 2,500 feet into the solid rock for an artesian well, and water is secured in abundance, but tlie\' are still drilling. If the efforts in this direction are crowned with success, the area of the lake will be largely increased. It will be the policy of the Commission to push improvements at Greenwood Park, as rapidh' as the means at its disposal will permit.

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GREENWOOD PARK -The Lake.

Lakeside Drive. The Elks.

'WAVELAND PARK.

The Goats. Sylvan Lake.

W.\\'i:i. AM) PARK.

W'avolaiul I'aik consists of igo acres. lyiii<^- one mile west <jt Drake L"ni\ersity, uii L'niversit\- a\eiiuc. As the name imlicates, this tract consists of a number of iiills and hoMows. LC^ntle slopes and hi;4h plateaus. A considerable acrcat^c is thickl\- wooded the Ijurroak lartjjel)- ])redoniinating. There are purlint; s|)rinL;s of clearest water, and a windinij; creek ruiniint; throuLjii the land that will, with a little artihcial aid in the way of dams. easil\- form a chain of beamiful lakes.

Nature has indeed laid the foundation here for great possibilities. ICven in its wild st.ite it is \'er_\' attracti\'e and beautiful, and this area of picturesque woodland, with its grass}' slo])cs, its hills and dales, over which forever blows the purest of Iowa air. is now and henceforth open for public enjoyment. To eyes accirstomed to look upon nothing more ])ictures(iue than endless stretches of " uneventful " [jrairie. the rugged scener\- prevailing in W'aveland comes as a happ\- relief. Gently rolling l.ill sites are among the finest the landscape gardener can be called upon to treat, in them- selves they are often capable of the highest degree of culture and embellishment. The human e\'e is naturalU- filled with deli'dit when ranging o\-er a hollow.

There are two entrances to Waveland Park, -one on the east, an extension of Kingman avenue, eighty feet in width, and the other on University avenue. The latter thoroughfare, through the generosity of abutting property owners, is in process of being widened to eighty feet from Thirtieth street west to the city limits, a distance of about two miles, which will greatly add to the pleasure of those riding or driving to the park. Another boulevard, one hundred feet wide, has been surveyed and will shortly be graded, commencing at a point near the entrance to Greenwood Park on Grand avenue and running north one mile, where it will intersect University avenue. This beautiful boulevard will connect the two West .Side parks, and thus afford easy access to both.

A smooth woven wire fence has been placed around Waveland Park, and a broad winding road graded up leading through the main portion of the park. Other improvements will be inaugurated from time to time as the funds will i)ermit.

A beautiful drove of elk have been placed in the park, and it is a great pleasure to the visitor to see them wandering about without fear of being molested. A large flock, of goats were also placed in the park last year, and have afforded much amusement to the visitors at the park.

WAVELAND PARK— The Goats.

Natatorium. View from Entrance to Park.

VIEWS IN UNION PARK.

The Wooded Glen.

UNION TARK. The land aciiuircd b, llic Commissioners at rhomjjson's l?eiul, embraces sixteen acres of beaLitiluIiy tinilK-rcd grass ground, is situated part!)' in I.eeand partly in Des ]\Ioines townsliips. and hence was a])ti_\- named Union Park. It is a ])art of the oltl rii(>m])son farm, and has for years been a favorite resort for picnic parties. Union Park is accessible b\- boat, the Ues Moines ri\'er washes its west line, and since its location was determined upon, streets have been dedicated and arc- now being opened to the park and beyond. Penns\'!\ania avenue will be extended and make a fine, broad thoroughfare for reaching the park. The Kast Ninth street cars run to within a few blocks of it. It is considered an ideal location for a ]iark, and great activit\- is already discernible among owners of abutting propert}' in improving their various holdings. It is h()[)cd this little park on the river bank will become one of the gems among the many snudl breathing spots of the city, and as both townships have mutual interests in inijirov ing it, the Commission will give it a share of attention. In regard to a good water su[)[)ly, the Commission feels assured that a flowing well of water similar to that obtainetl at the court house can be had at a verv' little e.xpense.

GRANDVIEW PARK.

Grandview Park comprises one hundred acres of as choice woodland as can be found any- where in the vicinity of Des Moines. Eighty acres of the one hundred was formerly known as the Reed tract, and the other twenty lying south of it were owned by different parties, and its acquirement was necessary to obtain a suitable entrance from Easton boulevard, which is the main thoroughfare leading to the park site.

All streets east of the Capitol, leading to the park, run through a long stretch of prairie land which seems to extend in imbroken level until the park is reached. Here nature has thrown up a well defined ridge, which extends for miles on cither side of the park site: but perhaps, the highest ])oint iilong this ridge is the miniature mountain just north of the western entrance. The entrancing \iew obtained from this point gave the park its name of "Grandview." It is a picturesque pano- rama the eye loves to dwell upon and its ecpial cannot be found except from the Capitol dome. Hut although the view is beautiful, looking cit_\'ward, the chief charm of Grandview Park lies in its great variety of first growth forest trees of which there is a superabundance.

Woodland Drive. Croquet Ground and Tennis Court,

VIEWS IN GRANDVIEW PARK. View of Lake.

South Entrance A Glimpse of the Forest.

GRANDVIEW PARK-The Monarch of the Forest

W'hcii the last \estige of tlic flood icccdctl fioiii this hillsiilc aiul vanished into Four Mile creek it left a number of draws all lendint;- toward th<; east, which time has beautifully rounded up in gentle urululations, and C()\erc(_l with \erdant sod, while i-\erywlu-re maiestir inonarclis of the forest stand as in solemn tjrandeur and add beaut\' to the scene. In short, (irand\iew is a natural [jark.

Its location is about one mile nortii of the State Fair grountls on a direct line, antl the road runniiiL; north from the fair grounds also runs along the west line of the park, its south line being Easton boulevard. It is thus easily reached by an\' street nmning east from the Capitol.

When the Commission took possession of this propert}-. it was in what might jiroperly be termed its \irgin state, and a large amount of work has had to be done to make a fair presentation of its possibilities. Part of this w^ork consisted in clearing the undergrowth and trimming ami thinning out the trees. This work has been diligentl} prosecuted during last fall and winter, and much \et remains to be done. Quite a little has been accomiilished in the lineot grading roailways, but the most important work in the grading line is throwing a dam across a ra\ ine and shaping

up tlie surrouiuling ground for a lake that will have an area of three acres. There is no ilonht of getting an adequate water supply. Two wells ha\'e been -sunk and water stands fi\e feet in them although the total depth of each well is only thirteen feet. Then there are natiu'al springs gi\'ing out unliniitetl sujiplies of clearest water.

The fact of the park being permanentl}' located will do nuich to determine the best routes upon which to e.xtend the street railwa\' system. Much thought and care will necessarily ha\e to be exercised in the matter. It is among the possibilities that to accommodate travel to (irand\'iew Park a broad and handsome boule\ ard will be opened direct!}- across from Union to Grand\iew Park. They are on a direct line east and west, and the ground is le\el and well adapted for such an inipro\ement. \Vhate\er mav be determined upon, one thing is certain, the pul:ilic will not Ije long without rapid transit to the park. The matter lies with the street railway company, and the well- known enterprise of the ofTicials is guarantee that good lines of road will be built without unneces- sary dela\-.

Cafe. Switchback.

VIEWS ON DES MOINES RIVER-CROCKER PARK. The River.

The Landing. View of Crocker Woods

YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION ATHLETIC FIELD-South West Ninth Street.

THE I'.OUITAHI.I-; 151 II. 1)1. \c;. The Des INIoine.s iUiilcliny- of the Mquitablc Life As.sur;mcc Societ\' of the United States stands on the coiner of .Sixtli avenue and Locust street, havinir a frontai^e on Si.xth avenue of 132 feet, and on Locust street of 66 feet, thus covering;- Sjia square feet. TJiis l)uilding is the finest structure of its kintl in Iowa, no exiJentliture beinj^ spared to make it thurouL;hly' complete and well e(iui[)ped. The exterior of tlie buiklini^ shows two stories of piiikisli i^ra)- i^^ranite surmounted by six stories of red brick, witii terra cotta sills, mouldint^s and cornice. Thie interior construction is stricth' fire-proof, the floors lieing of iron beams and portius terra cotta arch-blocks. .\1! partitions are either solid lirick walls or terra cotta blocks. Central entrances lead from l)oth streets to the handsome Staircase Hall and the passenger elevators, three in number. The freii4ht ele\ator has separate access from the alley. The first floor and basement ;iie arrans^ed for Bankinij and Sale Deposit Companies. Each of the remaininjj; floors is disided into offues of \arious sizes, num-

bering 151 in all. The buildiny is libLM-all\- provided with plunibinj^, bowls being placed in all the rooms, besides the two separate toilet rooms on the eighth floor. One of the marked attractions of the building is the Law Library, ])rovided by the owners of the building for the free use of tenants. A large and well-lighted room on the si.xth floor has been especially designed for this purpose. The service in this building is as complete in all its details as it can be made. A mail chute is pro\idetl, by means of which letters can be safel\- mailed on e\'ery floor. Every suite of two or three rooms has its open fire-place and janitor service; electric lighting and steam heating are supplied to all tenants alike without extra charge. The building has its own plant for electric lighting, and the wiring is so contri\ed that a tenant can have the lights arranged in any portion of his room as best snits his convenience. The building is also pro\ided with a telegraph station. The bank on the first floor is convenient for tenants. Dail\' rejjorts of the Weather Bureau are furnished.

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MARQUARDT BLOCK-N. W Corner of Fifth and Locust Sts.

THK MAROIARDT BLOCK was built 1)\- the owner, G. \V. Marquaidt. in 1S90, as an office block, and the corner especially arranged for the Marciuardt Sa\in<,rs p.ank. which transacts a s^eneral bankin;^ business and paj-s interest on time antl savings deposits. The buildin<; is brick and stone fronts, handsomel\- decorated on the corners in (iothic st\-le with t^ranite columns, makin;^ the appearance of the front e(|ual in architectural desit^n to any in the cit\-, and is occupied by substantial companies as Midland MonthI ij . I'hoenix .Mutual Life insurance Co.. Iowa Anchor Mutual Mre Insurance Co., Iowa Central HuildiiiL; & Loan .Association. .Marshall Dental .ManufacturiuL^ Co.. (irand Lodge f)f A. (J. U. \\'., Iv Clark Insurance Agenc)-. Northern Pacific R. R. uttices. Doctors Dickinson and Dr. Ilazcn. Wykoff, Seaman il' Benedict, Remington Typewriter, Western Newspaper Co.. Guinand lohnson ]e\\elr\- Co.. and otiiers.

CHARLES L. KAHLER & CO. Des Moines has the largest shoe store in the west and one of the largest in the country. The picture on the opposite page is a faithful representation of "Iowa's Greatest Shoe Store," conducted by Charles L. Kahler & Co., and on this page are given portraits of the men who compose the firm. Charles L. Kahler's first shoe store was established in Des Moines considerably more than a third of a century ago— in i860 — at Third and Court avenue, then in the heart of the retail section. The business prospered from the start. Ten years later need of a more favorable location led to removal to ^01 Walnut street. The business which started in a small way had increased to large proportions even at this time and in the new building success continued. About 1880 Mr. Thomas Ariss, who had previously been employed by i\Ir. Kahler, became a partner. Trade increased rapidly and soon the necessity for more commodious and imposing quarters was realized. The firm decided upon 519 Walnut street, where it is now located in its own building with quarters which for lu.xuriance and convenience cannot be excelled. This new nicklc front store was opened in 1888. The hand- some exterior attracts attention, but the beauty and size of the interior is a constant surprise to visitors. That there is none too much room is an indication of the present volume of the business which started in so humble a way on Court avenue. The success which has attended the firm has been the result of a thorough knowledge of the shoe business, a desire to please customers, and a willingness to spare no expense in order to give satisfaction. Messrs. Charles L. Kahler and Thomas Ariss, and Messrs. Frank L. Kahler and Carl H. Kahler, the latter sons of the senior member, now compose the firm of Charles L. Kahler & Co.

lOWAS GREATEST SHOE STORE.

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TONE ]}R()T11KRS. The firm of Tone Bros, was cstahlislied in 1873, at Jo; Walnut street, since which time llu\- have been enjo)ini,r rapid tjrowth and good business. Tone liros. are manufacturers of tiie iiighest grades of spices, coffees and Itaking powders, among whicii are Economy ]5aking Powder, Canon Brand Spices, and .Mocha and Java Coffees, with whicii all housekeejjers are more or less familiar. They remained on Walnut street for nine \'ears, when they bought a building at 213 Court a\enue. and moved into their new and larger building in iSSj, where they remaineil till the growth in their business compelled them to seek more commodious room. In iS(;^ they built the tine building they now occupy at 109 and in Court avenue, and moved their large stock into it in the fall of I8g4. The\- now constantly employ from twent>-eight to thirt>- men in the building, besides a ver>- strong force of traveling salesmen. Their goods are \er\- well known and e-\tensivel\- sold throughout all the central and western states.

TREPAXIER CUMPAxW. On the opposite page an engraving of the L. Trepanier Conipan\-'s Dry Goods Store is given. In 1883 Mr. L. Trepanier opened his store in Des Moines and immcdiatfl\- met with popular favor as iiis business has always been a growing one. In the fall of 1895 realizing that the quarters he then occupied at 507 and 509 Walnut street were inadequate, Mr. Trepanier leased the three-storj- building at 600 and 602 Walnut street, had it remodeled, and took possession the following February. These store rooms are among the finest in the State, being finished in natural oak, are exceedingly well lighted, have two elevators, a perfect cash system, and man\- other modern conveniences. When this move was made, Mr. Trepanier associated his two sons. Mr. John and Mr. Earnest in business with him and formed an incor[)orated firm under the name of the I.. Trepanier Company. Progressive business firms like the E. Trejjanier Company are what makes Des Moines the health}- and thriving mercantile center of peerless Iowa.

L TREPANIER, DRY GOODS- S. W. Corner of Sixth Avenue and VV'alnut St.

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THE HARRIS EMERY DEPARTMENT STORE-S E. Corner of Seventh and Walnut Sts.

THE HARRIS-EMKin- CO.MI'AW. Tliis is the largest department store in the State of Iowa. The builihUg „o\v occupied b\- tliis firm was built b\- the Rothwell estate, of Hostoii. in the winter of IS9I-_^ The structure was commenced on tiic j;ti, of November. iSyi. and completed April 25, 1892, when the present Hrm became its occupants, A business of the magnitude proposed, in the city of Des Moines, was considered by man>- conservative merchants to l)e an extremel\- hazardous venture. Hut the Emerys, having had the experience of three years in a similar undertaking at .St. Joseph. .Mo., and being an off-shoot of the Kansas Cit\- house of l^idlene, Moore, Emer>- & Co. (now the Emer\-- Bird-Thayer Dry Goods Company, of Kansas Cit\). consi.lered the venture entirely feasible, and their judgment has been sustained by the success of the business. Notwithstanding the perilous times of the panic of 1893, and the sul)se(|uent business depression, the business has shown a steady growth, with the balance each year on the right side of the ledger. Whether this business venture could have been successful in any other city of the size of Des Moines in the west mav be questioned, for the \wop\c of the whole State have lent a loyal support to the enterpri.se from its inception.

THE FRANKEL CLOTHING COMPANY. The Frankel Clothin;,'' Compan\', 413 and 415 Walnut street, was opened for business March 22, 1894, for a general retail business in men's and bo}-s' clothing, hats and men's furnishings. The company is composed of M. and A. Frankel, who also operate a store in Oskaloosa, Iowa. From the very start they met with success in Des Moines, and now take rank as one of the leading clothing establishments in the city as well as in the State. Selling only honest, defendable clothing at reasonable prices, the)' ha\e made a reputation for themselves that is State-wide. Besides the large city trade, the_\' supply a good part of the people of the surrounding towns with their clothing, their mail order business keeping pace with their growth at home. The proprietors are \-oung, vigorous men, full of push, and full_\- experienced in the clothing business. The\- believe in keeping abreast of the times, and with a handsomely appointed store and a well-selected corps of clerks, they are well [prepared to hold and increase their trade.

EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR VIEW OF THE FRANKEL CLOTHING STORE.

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GOLDEN RULE CLOTHING STORE— N E. Corner of Seventh and Walnut Sts

G()Ldp:n rulI'". cloth inc; mousk.

This firm was established o\er six years ai^o l)y the pic.-cnt i)io])iietors, D. M. lohnson & Son, who have been eng-ayed in the clothiiiL; business for over twent)--five years in the State of Iowa. The firm handle clothing, hats and caps, and men's furnishing goods of medium and fine grades. Their store is conveniently located on the corner of Seventh and Walnut streets, one of the best locations in the city. Mr. D. M. Johnson, is connected with one of the largest clothing establishments in the United States, and the_\- thereby have an unusual advantage in securing goods for their trade. In addition to the large city trade, the company have established an extensive mail order department which extends over the entire State. A cut of their large and commodious building is given on the opposite |jage.

PERCIVAL & HATTON. The firm of Perci\'al & Hattoii was established in 1S64, Denman Perci\al, Thomas Hattoii and F. A. Percival composing the company until the death of Denman Percival in 1871, when Mr. F. A. Percival and Thos. Hatton continued the business under the same name. The firm is by several years the oldest of any of the kind in the city. Their energies have been almost entirely devoted to real estate, in which they have done a good business, both in farm and cit)- propert)-. They are regarded as conservative dealers, rather than boomers. They have taken an active part in the substantial improvement of the cit_\-, and have built a good many fine blocks and residences, among which may be mentioned the Oriel l^Iock, a cut of which may be seen on another page of this work. They arc also e.xtensively interested in several of the leading manufacturing establishments of the cit\'.

ORIEL BLOCK— N E. Corner of Ninth and Walnut Sis -Own^a b> Fer^iva; it Hatton.

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THE FAIR. The Fair, one of the leading department stores of Des Moines, of which Messrs. Dockstader & VVilkins are proprietors, occupies Nos. 504, 506 and 508 East Locust street. This concern is entirely of Des Moines growth, beginning business here in a very humble way in 1S81 on the e.xact spot where it is now located. In a )ear or two the firm changed location to 333 East Fifth street, which they soon were obliged to enlarge, taking in No. 331. The history of the firm is one of constant growth, as in a few years more they had use for and secured another room, making use of 329, 331 and 333 East F"ifth street. In the year 1895 the Hohberger estate built expressly for the firm their elegant new quarters, among the finest in the city, and the firm took [josscssion August 20, 1895. They handle ever}'thing that should be kejjt b\' a first-class department store. The Fair is one of the big institutions of Des Moines.

YOUNKER BROTHERS. The firm of Voiinker Brothers commenced business in Keokuk, Iowa, in 1S56, as a small dry goods store. Business progressiveness and energy resulted in the establishing of a branch store in Des Moines in 1.S74. The new business grew so rapidly in the latter city that in 1879 the Keokuk branch was given up and all energies were directetl to the business in Des ]\Ioines. The history of the business in detail would fill a \olume; but suffice it to sa_\', that Vounker Brothers to-da}' is the largest Dry Goods and Carpet retailing firm in Iowa. In connection with the regular departments is one of the best Mail ( )rder tlepartmonts in the west. .Samples of Dress Goods and whatever it is possible to cut samples from, are being sent daily to customers all over the west, and so tliousands of "out-of-the-city-shoppers" find it a pleasure as well as a source of great satisfaction to do their shopping by mail. The saying of, " Satisfaction always at Vounkcr's" is widespread, and their four large floors, with their bright, roomy aisles, are a favorite rendezvous for shoppers, as the\' know that there they always find an endless assortment of st}-les and qualities of goods.

Main Room. First Floor.

YOUNKER BROTHERS.

Carpet Department, Third Floor.

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BOLTON'S HARDWARE STORlv Bolton's hardware store, 413 and 415 East Sixth street, is one of the hirgcst vvholes;ile and retail stores in the cit\-. Mr. Bolton, the buyer, ])urchases lines of goods and assortments not carried in ordinarx- stocks. His extensive knowledge of tlie hardware business is a great aid in enabling him to sup])l_\- the daily wants of his ver\- large and increasing trade. To the name of Bolton I^>ros. and the liardware business belongs the reputation of being among the oldest and most substantial financial institutions in the city. The Boltons are lineal descendants of a long line of iiu'enturs and workers of steel and iron and lia\e b_\- nature and inheritance the natural adaptabilit\- for the success of a business in which ihey have i)articLi!arly been "at home" for years. The business was originally founded b>- R. W. Clarke, l)efore the war. At the close of the war in 1865, it was purchased b\- liolton & McKisson, absorbetl b_\- Jiolton l^ros. in 1872, antl later owned and o])erated exclusivelx- b_\^ Lewis E. l^olton, under whose management and personal supervision, for the past twenty \-ears, the business has grown to be the ilecided success of which the city and comnumity nia\- well feel jiroud.

SAVERY HOTEL. One of the leading attractions of the Capital City is the Savery Hotel, situated on the corner of Fourth and Locust streets. It is a large six-story building, built of pressed brick, with terra cotta trimmings. It was built in the year 1S90, b}- tlie Savery Hotel Compan\-, and from the start has been one of the most popular hotels in the State. It is equipped with all the modern conveniences, steam heat, gas and electric light, baths, elevator service, etc. The building is also supplied with billiard and pool rooms, barber shop and bar, and has telegraph connections. 'Bus lines run to all the railroad depots in the city. It is under the competent management of Mr. Brown, whose wide experience as a landlord, with all the con\-cniences and improvements, enables him to make it one of the most popular and satisfactor}' of all Iowa hotels.

SAVER V HOTEL— N. W. Corner of Fourth and Locust Sts.

KIRKWOOD HOTEL- S. W. Corner of Fourth and Walnut Sts.

• AN HISTORICAL IOWA HOTEL.

The Kirkwood House is one of the best known and most [jopular hotels in the country. It bears the name of one of Iowa's greatest and grandest historic characters -the old war governor, Samuel J. Kirkwood. The building is a five-story brick structure, covering a quarter of a block, on the corner of Fourth and Walnut streets, the best location in the city. The establishment throughout is finished and furnished in a strictly first-class manner. There arc 150 rooms at the disposal of guests, making it one of the largest hotel buildings in the west. Such modern improvements as many bath rooms have recently been added; also electric lights in every room complete the details of the establishment. A large force of employes, well disciiilined and organized, keep everything in order and attend the demands of guests promptly and satisfactorily. Telegraph and railroad ticket offices are located in the hotel. Rates are so adjusted as to cater to the better class of trade, from S2.00 to S3. 50 a day. The establishment is owned by the Macartney & Sons Company, an incorporation with a cajiital stock of $50,000. Mr. F. C. Macartney is president and manager: F. C. Macartney, Jr., is vice-president and treasurer, and George W. Macartney is secretary of the organization. Prior to i<S8o the institution was known as the Savery, but at that date it was renamed the Kirkwood, which it has since sustaineil with credit to the management.

L. HARBACH. This firm commenced business in 1S56, under the name of C. & L. Harbach, and continued to do business under that name until 1S79, vvlien C. Harbach retired. The firm does both a whole- sale and retail business in furniture, carpets and draperies, their wholesale business extending throughout the .State and into several of the bordering states. They also do a large business in furnishing undertakers' supplies and wood mantels. The manufacturing building was built in 1884, for the purpose of manufacturing the interior finish and furnishings in the Capitol building, all of which were made by this firm; but the building has since been used for the purpose of manufacturing special order wood work. The retail building was erected in 1886, and is the largest retail furniture store in the State. A large building on Third street is devoted exclusivel}- to the undertaking and wood mantel business. The wholesale house was built in i8c)4. The buildings mentioned here are only a part of the many owned by Mr. Harbach, which are located in different [jarts of the cit\', but these are shown as all of them are occupied by tlie firm at present. The remarkable growth and prosperity of the firm is due to energy, perseverance and application to business, together with a keen business foresight, and it is expected that the business will be prosperousl)- conducted through another generation of the famil}'.

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CI.APP HLOCK.

A three story brick building was erected on the present site of the Chipp Hlocis- in the )-ear 1S7; and stood until the year 1883 when it was destrD_\-ed by tire, it was proniptl}- rebuilt, however, a four story building being erected in its place. It remained thus until the year 1890 when another story was added, making it one of the largest and handsomest buildings in the city. The main side or Fifth street front measures 132 feet, and the north entl faces on Walnut street, thus affording a ver}- desirable location. It is furnishetl witii all modern con\eniences, gas and electric ligiits, steam heat, wash basins, toilet rooms, etc.: it is also pro\ided with good elevator service.

The rooms are large and commodious and well lighted and \entilated, the building being under the care of the most competent janitors, making it in all one of the most popular and desirable office blocks in Des Moines.

YOUNGERMAN BLOCK.

This building was erected in the year 1891, on the site previousl_\- occupied b}- the old \'oungernian Block, a two-stor_\- building. At the time of its erection it was the largest, best and most complete business block in the cit\\ and still ranks as second as concerning the material and style of construction; and it may be said that there is no building in the city which is better equipped with all modern conveniences. The building is supplied with steam heat, electric light, city water and an elevator service consisting of two large elevators which run continualh' through the week and part of the clay on .Sunday. Each suite of rooms is provided with a competent janitor, and always kept in the best of condition and order. The building is built of a bright red pressed brick, with asbestine stone trimmings, he size of the building is 66.\I32 feet, the main front facing on Fifth street and the end of the block facing on Mulberry, thus affording one of the most desirable business locations in the city.

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YOUNGERMAN BLOCK-N. W. Corner of Fifih and Mulberry Sts.

BENEDICT HOME— •■lowas Belhesda."

15KNEUICT IIO.MI;. '• Iowa's Hethestla " is situated on I'orcst aiul Third a\ cmics. Des Moines, Iowa. It was founded ill 1882, 1)\- the Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Iowa. The projiertx- is held in trust, for the 1 lume, by a board of se\'cn trustees, who have tiie general mana<;enient of the institution. The direct management and government is under the control of a lady superintendent, who resides in the Home. The object of the institution is to furnish a \oluntar_\' Christian liome for unfortunate girls who give evidence of a tlesire to leail pure and iionorable li\es. All the work incident to the large famil_\- is done b\- the mcmljcrs of the famil\-. thus making the Home as far as i)Ossiblc a training school, prei)aring each to earn an honest li\ing. The afternoons and e\enings are spent in school, and in the reading circle. Chaj^el ser\-ices are heUl each morning and evening, gospel ser\'ices b_\' Christian hulies of the city on Thursda\- evenings, and .Sunday-school and preaching on .Sunda\-s. During the thirteen years since the Home was opened 1,105 'I'l^e been cared for in the Home. A \er\- large per cent are known to be leading honoraljle li\'es, and the infants who could not be prn\-ided with homes liy the mothers, ha\e been adopted b\- Christian ]ieo[)le, who are giving them good social and educational ad\'antages anil training them for useful citizens.

THE HYDE PARK SAXITARIUM. The Hyde Park Sanitarium is the largest institution of its kind in the West. The splendid property, formerly owned by the Des Moines Sanitarium Company, comprising thirteen acres of land and the stately sixt\- room building elegantl}- furnished and generously equipped with all sanitary appliances, etc., was established under the present management in June, 1S95. The building is situated upon a fine eminence comnruuling the most superb view of the city and environs to be found anywhere hereabouts. The Hyde Park mineral water, which much resembles, and in the estimation of many, surpasses in excellence the famous Colfax water, is used in the Sanitarium both for drinking and baths. It is especially effective in the treatment of stomach troubles, rheumatis m and paralysis. The Sanitarium is conducted upon the most liberal plans and supports a staff of physicians and consultants unequaled in the West.

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HYDE PARK SANITARIUM.

DRy^KE SANITARIUM.

Till-; DRAKi: SANITARIUM COMl'AXV. Joseph H. Drake, M. D., who has so successfully nianat^ed the Drake Sanitarium for the past fi\c and a iialf \-ears, will continue its nuuia<jenient. This institution has become so well and favorably known for its success in the treatment and cure of all obscure, chronic, ner\uus and surgical diseases that patients are coming from all o\er the United States and adjoining countries to Des Moines for treatment, all of whom lia\e been benefited and go per cent cured. The wontlerful success in the Drake Sanitarium is due to iJr. Drake's personal attention to each patient and his great ability in diagnosis and surgical operations. They make no charge for diagnosis and examination, and if patients who come for exaiuination can be helped or cured they are so informetl anti treatment advised; and, on the other hand, if they cannot be helped the\' are so advised and no expense incurretl. On the opposite page is a cut of their buildings; the main building is located at 706 West Fourth street.

IOWA CHILDREN'S HOME.

The Iowa Children's Home Society, chartered as the American 1-AlucationaI Aid Association in 1885, with headquarters at Chicago, 111., originally intended to confine its labors to that city and vicinit}-. Dr. Van Arsdale was its projector. Its scope was later extended to embrace other states. Rev. Geo. K. Hoover was made superintendent of and began the work of organizing Iowa October 22, 1888. The charter has since been amended so that the legal name is the Iowa Children's Home Society. The temporary Home and State offices were located at I)a\enport at the time of organization, and remained there until the ist of September, 1895, \\'li^" the_\' were removed to the city of Des Moines. Its plans are ver\' simple, seeking indigent and homeless children of sound body and mind under tweh-e years of age, clothing and feeding them in a temporary home or nursery until they can be placed in select homes on trial for a short period. .Should the relation of the child and home be satisfactory at the end of the trial period, a permanent settlement is made either by legal adoption or special contract. Should an emergency arise requiring it, the Societ\' receives back the child, so that in no case will the child be allowed to pass from one home to another without authority, or be permitted to wander around unprotected. The Societ\- has an official organ. The Children li IIoine-Flnder, published at Chicago, Illinois, with other literature. The .Society is supported by donations, gifts and bequests; does not in any sense rely on appropriations of the State, but rather believing that for ever_\- child there is a home, and that the liberal people of the State will pro\-idethe necessar\- means to put e\ery homeless child in the proper childless home. The Nursery is located at 1380 Pennsylvania avenue. The offices in the Manhattan Block, rooms 310-UI.

DES MOINES HOME FOR FRIENDLESS CHILDREN— Twenty first and High Sts.

THE DES MOINES HOME EOR ERIE.MJLESS CHILDREN. The Des Moines Ho.ne for Eriendless Children was opened June i, 1886, and its object is to care for friendless and dest.lu.c children under fourteen years of age. until they can be provided with per„,anent homes. It is supported entireh- by the charities of the public, and is undenonunational. The children are taught in n.orals and „,anners, and those who are old enough attend school. The lIon,e was opened by a few huhes. n,en,bers of the Won,an's Christian Temperance Union, and one of these ladies opened her house to then, for the hrst few n,onths. This institution has now been in existence about ten years. The Home is situated at 30l8 High street in a brick structure, built entirely by the generosity of the people of our city in ,89,. The last payment on the lot was made in January. iSyf,, and the Home is now free from all indebtedness.

TRACY HOME. The Tracy Home was founded in October, iSS6, by Mrs. A. B. Tracy, who had been closely connected with the Cottage Hospital ( being one of the founders of that institution ) for a good many years. After severing her connection with that institution she invested her means in the good home which now bears her name, and by the aid of several others succeeded in building and sustaining this excellent home for invalids which ranks with the best institutions in the .State. A large force of competent nurses are kept continually; this also affords an opportunity for those desiring to fit themselves for the work to receive training. Tracy Home has as advisory assistants a number of the most competent physicians in the city, and is in every way prepared to care for the sick and afflicted.

TRACY HOME— Corner Seventh nad Ascension Sts.

RECEPTION ROOM. DR. CANNON'S OFFICE.

Galvanic Room.

OPERATING ROOMS— DR CANNONS OFFICE,

Static Room.

Faradic Room.

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Wrist Band Ironer. Collar and Cuff Machine.

I X L LAUNDRY WAGON.

Bosom Ironer. Starching Machine.

I/.ORGAN G. THOMAS- State Mine Inspector.

TJiK fii-:l sri'i'Lv of poj^k county.

It i,s an established fact that Iowa is one of tlie leatiino- agricultural states, and our peo- ple are so largely engaged in tilling the soil that the mineral resources have heretofore been somewhat neglected: but mining is now gradu- ally becoming one of the great industries, for our mines already rank fifth in importance in the L'nited States, and second to none west of the Mississi|)[M ri\er.

Ihe area of Iowa known to be underlaid with coal is ap]iro.\imatel\- ten thousand square miles, all being located within the southwest iiuarter of the State, the carboniferous strata I extending to about double that territor\-, or one-third of the State.

( )ur principal coal fields lie within a radius of about twelve or fifteen miles on either side of the Des Moines river, extending southeast as far as Lee county, and to the north and west as far as Humboldt county, so it will be seen that Polk county is nearly centrally located in this vast coal field.

It is estimated there are 492,000,000 tons of good coal underlying Polk county. There are at present twenty-three mines in operation in the county with an output of about 350,000 tons of coal annually. About 163,003 tons of this are shipped to markets outside the county, which would leave 187,000 tons of Polk county coal that is consumed at home; then adding to this about 8,000 tons that are shipped into the cit_\' we ha\'e the total amount of coal consumed in the cit_\- and count}', which is 195,000 tons. At the rate coal is being mined or produced in this coimt}' at the present time (annually 350,000 tons) it would take 1,405 years to exhaust the coal beds of Polk county, and there would be enough to last Des Aloines at the rate it consumes coal now, 2,523 years.

BLACK SWAN COAL CO.

View of Plant from the Southeast. Railroa 1 Connections.

CARBONDALE FUEL CO.'S PLANT.

Distant View of Plant.

CARHOXD.M.I-; I-L'I<;i, COMPANY. This corporation was organized in tlic fall of 1S95. and has purcliascd the lands of the Carbondale Coal Companv. and also those of the Iowa Coal Land Company, thns -ainin- possession of a tract of coal land 2,000 acres in extent, and situated only a half mile east of the Des Moines city line. There are also vast deposits of the finest clay for huildino- and vitrified brick on the property. The company- has two new railroad switches, one from the iJes Moines Uni,.n. ..r l^elt Line, and one from the old mine to the new: these in addition to the previous connection with the main tracks of the C. R. L & P. R. R.. give rail connections with all the great systems of the west. A new shaft has also Ijeen sunk to a fine vein of coal, and a new complete plant of hoisting and screening machinery, capable of handling 1,200 tons of coal per da\-, has been erected by the Eagle Iron Works of Des Moines. By May 15, 1896, the compans- expects to have installed at its new mine a complete plant of electric; mining machines. An illustration of the plant and railwa\- connections is shown on o[)posite page.

IOWA PIPE AND TILP: WORKS. The Iowa Pipe and Tile Company is incoi-porated, with a paid up capital stock of Sioo.ooo. It was organized in iSSi, and has been one of the leading industries of the city ever since. They manufacture sewer and culvert pipe, vitrified drain tile, well curb and flue lining, for which they have succeeded in building up a ready market all over the northwestern states. They employ about seventy men the year round. The plant is situated on the Des Moines river, a little above the dam, and on the C. & X.-W. Ry. track. The clay used is of very superior quality, and the supply is unlimited. On the opposite page is a bird's-eye cut of the plant, taken from the chimney of the street car power house.

IOWA PIPE AND TILE WORKS.

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DES MOINES BRICK PLANT,

THK I)!:S MOIXKS RRICK M.\Xri",\CTrRIXG Ci)Mi'.\\\.

The Des Moines Brick Maiuifacturing Company is the oldest jilant of the kind in tlic citv. It was organized in iSSg, and made its first paving brick in i.ScjV The plant is located about two miles west of the city, between tiie tracks of the Des .Moines Union and the Rock Island roads. The company has ten large kilns, whicli give it a daily capacity of 120,000 brick. It employs about 100 men and the monthly pay rolls run over $3,000. The plant is equipped with all the facilities for and is operated the year round, with the exception of a short time in midwinter. The largest output of the company in an_\- one year was in 1X94, when about 22,000,000 brick were made. Until the past season the chief market for the jiroduct was found in Des Moines, where the brick were used in laying pavements. Last }-ear, however, the larger part of the product was sold outside the city, going to Davenport, ])ubu(iue, Waterloo. Keokuk, .St. Paul, h'argo and other cities. There have recentlx- been some changes made in the management of the company, the following ofificers being elected in 1X95: .Martin Ul\-nn. president; II. D. Smith, vice-president, and T. !•". FIvnn, secretarw

THE IOWA BRICK COMPANY. The Iowa Brick Company was organized in March, 1S93, through the efforts of its president, T. M. Wallcer, on whose lands the works are located. The buildings were erected during tiiat \ear, under the super\'ision of B. Jaclvson, manager of the com[)an\-. For con\enience, no better arranged or more thoroughl_\- equipped |3lant can be found. It has a daily capacity of 70,000 brick, although its machine capacity is much greater. 0\er 10,000,000 bricks were made last \-ear. all of which were used in the pavements and in buildings in this and other cities. End-cut, side-cut, re]3ressed and glazed brick are made; and being made of pure shale, and burned hard, they arc very popular for building purposes, as the}- will never discolor, or rec]uire painting as do the higher jiriced dr\' press brick. And for trimmings, nothing is finer than their " rock-faced pavers," The company- has also given some attention to the manufacture of terra cotta, and are turning out some very fine work in that line.

IOWA BKICK PLANT.

UNION STOCK YARDS.

Di:s MOIXKS U.XIOX STOCK YARDS. The Des Moines Union Stock \'ards are entirel_\- new and very convenient. The\' lia\c a capacity of 5,000 hoi^^s and 2,000 cattle ])er da\-. Tlie.se x'artls ha\-e been completed at an expense of from 525,000 to S30.000, and are now open for business. All pens are well floored and shedded, with the best of facilities for watering; stock. They are situated in the southeast part of Kast Des Moines in a conxenient location for all railroads to reach. The)- are ecjuipped with a first-class improved hairbank scale of fift\' tons capacit}'. IIa\e a lons^ distance telephone and telegraph wires reaching to all points in the ccnuitry.

LIVERPOOL c^ DES MOINES PACKING COMI'AXV. The cut on opposite page is the plant of the Liverpool & Des Moines Packing Co., the largest manufacturing enterprise in our city, having a capacity, of 2,000 hogs per day. They do a ver_\- large business in smoked meats, their brand of hams, breakfast bacon and lard being the "Acme of American Production." The}- are said to be the only packing house in the United States making ahsohdely pure lardy. The officers are \V. S. Ellsworth, president and general manager, Liverpool, England, and Harry West, secretary, treasurer and resident manager.

DES MOlNtS PACKING HOUSE.

Show Window.

KORN S VIENNA BAKERY. Retail Department.

Bake Shop.

KORXS \IK.\\.\ HAKllRV.

Mr. Korn, the manai^'cr of this poinilar baken-, located in Des Moines in 1S03 and from the start has met with tlie best of success and now lias one of the largest and most patronized [)laces of the kinil in the citv.

Mr. Korn was located in Davenport for some \ears where he had a ver\- extensive business, but owint.; to the superior advantages and opportunities found here he was induced to dispose of his place of business there and move to Des Moines, A lari^^e sujjply of the choicest of pastries, home made and baker's bread arc kept on hand at all times so that the most fastidious may always receive satisfaction. Short order meals are served in annexed tlininy; room. l)n opposite pa<re may be seen a cut representing the interior of his place of business.

RESTAURANT OF MR E. E. GREFE.

IOWA PATENT OFFICE.

The future growth of Des Moines and the State of Iowa, in distinction to its past, will, we believe, be due more to the establishment of manufacturing plants than in the increase of our agricultural interests. We rejoice in the [prospect. It will be a step forward. .Most successful manufacture! s owe their [)rosperity to the protection afforded b_\- United States patents. Since 1870 Iowa manufacturers and in\entors have had their interests protected and advanced througli the agenc}- of the Iowa patent office. Its head and originator, Mr. Thos. G. Orwig, has de\oted thirty years to the study of inventions and the prosecution of cases before the United .States patent office. The other member of the firm, Mr. J. Ralph Orwig, is a young man in whom are combined the gift of a naturalh' inventive and mechanical turn of mind, with five )-ears' stead}' and exclusive application to the understanding of the law and rules of practice of the patent office. A competent force of draftsmen may alvva_\-s be seen at work on [)atent office drawings, under the management of the chief draftsman, Mr. W. J. Sanke\-. In their library ma\' be found copies of ever_\- patent issued

from the '50's up to date. These books are free to the public, and are much used. "Consultation free!" appears conspicuoush- in their e.xtensive advertising, and when patents are allowed to their patrons, they give interesting notices of their inventions in the Iowa patent olTice reports that appear each week in hundreds of newspapers.

THE UKS .MUINES DAILY NEWS. Jhe Den Moines Dailij Xevx en]o\-s the distinction of being the first penn\- paper in Iowa and the only one in Des Moines. The Setux was established November 9, 1881, by George L. McCracken, C. S. Wilson and C. S. Fainter. In 1883 John J. Hamilton purchased the Wilson interest, and in 1886 Preston B. Uurle\- bought the Painter third, and e.vcept these changes the paper has been under the same ownershii) from the beginning, Messrs. McCracken, Hamilton and Durley continuing as sole owners. The Xeu:s occupies a handsome building ne.\t door to the postoffice. and is printed on two magnificent perfecting presses of the Hoe and Clause makes, the termer just purchased, and the two having a capacity of 45,000 completed and folded papers per hour. Its

Office.

DES MOINES DAILY NEWS ROOMS.

Composing Room.

engr.-ivin<j and stereotyping^ tlepartnients arc of the most approved modern style. Its composing room is ec]ui])[)ed with a batter}- of four linotype machines, the first ever operated in Ucs Moines. The JVcirs was one of the organizers of the United Press, and owns its exclusive afternoon franchise for Des IMoines, and holds a contract for the morning dispatches if it shall ever desire to issue a morning edition. It is the only stockholding member of the United I'ress west of Chicago. On the morning of Christmas da\-. 1S95, the Daily Neics celebrated its recent passing of the point of 10,000 daily circulation Ijy firing a salute of ten cannon in a jjark northeast of the city. Its publishers claim that the Daily Newn is the first daily newspaper in the State to reach that point. The success of the Xeus is attriluitetl b_\- its jjublishers to its excellence as a family newspaper, its independence, its freedom from partisan and factional bias, and its uniform courtesy in discussion.

DAILY IOWA CAPITAL. The Daihj Toim Capita] aspires to be the best newspaper in Iowa. The mechanical appli- ances for the production of a yreat newspaper are complete. The establishment occu])ics three floors of a hantlsonie building situated on the southwest corner of East Fifth and Walnut streets. The perfectiuL;- press is the most coni])lete and rapid in the State, iiriiiting from stcreot_\'ped plates manufactured lj\- the best known processes. Hand t\-pesetting has been done awa\- with and the composition is produced by a battery of linot_\-pe machines, setting what old-time compositors would call a million thousand per week. The publisher of the Capital is the owner of the franchise for the day report of the Associated Press and the report is taken in the Capital editorial rooms over a special wire furnished by the Postal Telegraph Comi)any. Very complete telegraphic reports are received from all Iowa towns and cities every day. while the local field is especially well covered. The Capital ix jmllislitil at the lair rati- of ttit cents jh-/' weel' in the citij, or $-1 jitr year hi/ laail. Its circulation is commensurate with the population and prosperit_\- of the largest city in Iowa. The Capital is sent in exchange to e\er_\' newspaper in Iowa and is probabl\- the most widely quoted of all Iowa journals.

S. N. Spotts, Manager.

DAILY IOWA CAPITAL STAFF. Hon. Lafayette Young, Editor and Proprietor.

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Frank Armstrong. City Editor.

DAILY IOWA CAIPTAL BUILDING.

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THK SATURDAY RICVU-AV. The Satiirilay Rerleio. as the successor of a small suburban paper called " The Xorth Bex 2To!.nes Press,"' made its first appearance April 19, iSgo, under the ownership of a stock company of youni,^ men. no one of whom had a very -real financial interest, but each of whom was supposed to take a hand in editin-- it. A little later Mr. John M. Pope became its editor, and continued as such until September 30. 1803. when the present editor and mana-er. .Mr. j. E. Clarey. became a principal owner and assumed editorial control. It is published by the Saturday- Review l*ublishin<,r Company, and is still edited and manasjjed by Mr. Clarey. The Beview is an independent literar.\- an.l family newspaper, -iving chief attention to local affairs and e.xertin.t,' a forceful influence in municippl matters. Its office and eilitorial rooms are in the Manhatt;>n building.

THE RECORD. It has been said that Des Moines sets the pace for Saturday journalism in tiie west. It is thought by many that the Hecord sets the pace for Saturday journaHsm in Des Moines. Tliis suc- cessful young- paper is republican in politics. It is enterprising, alert, and aggressive in its editorial and business management. It completel\' covers the local field and its man\- departments are read with interest throughout the state. The features of the paper are: Editorial and General Comment; Society and Topics; Lodge News; Notes of Traveling Men; Amateur Si)ort; Cycling and C)-clists; Base Ball; and — there are others. Mr. Frank H. I'erry, who was one of the founders of the Si(tur(Iaij Review of this cit}- and its business manager for five years, is its managing editor; Mr. C. S. Wilson, the veteran journalist, is associate editor; Mr. Fred \V. Perry is business manager, and Mr. Henrv Tvler is assistant business manager.

Henry Tyler, Ass t Business Manager.

PUBLISHERS OF THE RECORD. Frank H. Perry. Editor.

Fred W. Perry, Business Manager

MAIL AND TIMES— Residence of Mr. F. B. Whitcomb.

THE MAIL AND TIMKS. This flourishing paper, wliich is publislicd every Saturday, is devoted to social, literary and musical events, and is the leading paper of its kind in Iowa. It was established in 1879. The present owner, Mr. K. B. Whitcomb, has been connected with the paper as its manager almost from its start, and to his pride in his paper, his tact and ability, is due the success and business prosperity which makes The Ma',! and Tni,e>< the newspaper triumph it now is. This paper occupies a field of its own, and is a welcome guest in nearly ever\- home in Des Moines: and while other publications have sought to enter its domain, nothing seems to take the place of tie old, staunch Mall and Tirnetf.

IOWA HOIVESTEAD BUILDING-Torner ol Third and Locust Sts,

INTERIOR VIEW OF HORTICULTURAL HALL. IOWA STATE FAIR.

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W. L. MORRIS' GREENHOUSLS AND RESIDENCE S. E. Corner oJ Twenty-sixth St. and Cottage Grove Avenue.

Tlil'. MORRIS (iRKl-.XIIOUSKS. ProbabU- no iiulustr)- in Dcs Moines has [)rospeiLHl and increased more rapid!)' than that ot W. I.. Morris, the florist. It was established in 1SS4 on a small scale, but has thrown until it now comprises ten lart^e ^greenhouses co\'erins^ almost an acre, all ol which arc under s^lass roof as ma\- be seen b)- the en[_''ra\'inL; on the opposite paj^e. It is one of the larn;est establishments of the kind in the west — furnishing;' employment for several hands the year round. In addition to his wholesale trade Mr. Morris also conducts a larue retail store at 306 Seventh street, wiiere a large amount of the products of his "^-reenhouses are sold.

FRANK D. JACKSON.

Frank Darr Jackson was born in Arcade, Wx-oming county, New York, January 26, 1854.

The Jackson family moved to Iowa when the subject of this sketch was in his fourteenth year.

He was educated at the Iowa Agricultural College at Ames. Having served his .State in different

capacities for over si.x \'ears he retired from public life in 1890 to devote his entire time to the

business of the Royal Union Mutual Life Insurance Compan)- of which he has been president since

i88g. In response to the popular demand the republican part}' made him its nominee for governor

in i8g^, and after a campaign in which he displayed wonderful powers as a public speaker, he was

elected bv i3,ooo pluralitv.

' ■ ' SIDNEY A. FOSTER.

Sidne}' A. F"oster is secretary- and general manager of the Royal Union Mutual Life Insurance

Compan\ , of Des Moines, Iowa. Air. Foster is a nati\e of Alleghan)- count}-. New York, where he

was born May 17, 1S49. ^^"^ came west in 1865. When a bo\- he apprenticed in tlie printing trade.

His first newspaper enterprise in Iowa was at Osage. He continued in the newspaper business at

Osage and Norwood until 1884, when he withdrew from acti\e connection with his profession, as

editor, and began the organization of the compan}- with which he is now connected. His personal

efforts have made his company a very gratif}-ing success.

HON FRANK D JACK30N

MR. SIDNEY A. FOSTER.

DR. A L. FRISBIE-Pastor of Plymouth Congregationa'. Church.

SECRETARY McFARLAND.

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HON C H GATCH.

MR. JAMES A CALLANAN

MRS MARTHA COANLEY CALLANAN.

MRS C, HOLT FLINT.

I\IRS. MARTHA COONLKV CALLANAN.

The subject of this sketch was born in Albany county, N. V., the l8th day of May, 1826. Her parents were Daniel and Anne Coonle\'; she was the \-oungest of a family of fi\-e girls — there being no bo}^s in the family. She'lived with her parents on the farm until 1846 when she was united in marriage to Mr. James A. Callanan, after which time they resided in Albany until the \-ear 1863, at which time they removed to Ues Moines, Iowa, where they have since resided. She has always been acti\e in societ\', having been an active member of the "Woman's Club" since its organization, and she has served as president one or two terms. .She has also been closely allied with the W. C. T. U. movement in the city, and also in the whole State, and has done a great deal for the cause of political equality, both by personal influence and by contributing generously from her means, and has always proved herself read\- to give any necessary financial support to tliis and other causes which are worth}- of assistance and encouragement.

MRS. C. HOLT FLINT.

In Otsego county. New York, May 12, 1830, Calista Holt was born a suffragist — her ancestors all ha\ ing helped in educating the people to demand independence and to achieve it. She was married to C. L. Flint in 1849. They came to Delaware count)-, Iowa, in 1853, to develop a stock ami dairy farm. Their three cliildren were born there, ami fitted by herself to enter academies. Her husband died in 188", and in 1891 she came to Des Moines, and has since devoted the energy and e.xecutive ability she has been forced to cultivate to the work for equal suffrage.

COL. DORUS M. FOX. Col. Dorus M. Fox, whose able paper on "Capital Punishment" in the March Midland was the subject of much comment, has just published a book of rare interest to many, entitled "History of Political Parties, National Reminiscences and the Tippecanoe Movement." The book includes 600 pages, and is well printed, profusely and handsoniel\- engraved and substantially bound. The work includes "elaborate accounts of the Federal and Republican parties of the Olden Time," of "Their Passing Away, the Organization and Historic Acts of the Whig, Republican and Democratic Parties, with brief allusions to the other political bodies of ephemeral existence, together with an appendi.x containing a variety of useful tables," etc. Its author, president of the Des Moines Tippecanoe Club, was one of the most influential originators of the Tippecanoe movement, which played an effective part in the memorable Harrison campaign of 1888. He is a fine specimen of the mental and physical vigor typical of the western pioneer, who, in 1840, made the woods and prairies ring with "Tippecanoe and Tyler, too."

Mr. J. I. Clark was born in Ogle county, Illi- nois, August 19, 1850, where he lived until his fifteenth year, when he moved to Victor, Iowa. While in \'ictor he was extensively engaged in mercantile pursuits. In 1879 he with his famil_\- moved to Des Moines, and engaged in the real estate business. Mr. Clark has alwa\-s made a specialty of dealing in line residence ]3ropert_\', and it can be truthfully said that he has built and sold more valuable residences than any other one man in this city. As a business man Mr. Clark is, and has been, very successful in all of his under- takings and ranks very high among the manv suc- cessful and well l<nown business men of the cit)-.

MR. J. 1. CLARK.

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HON. ISAAC BRANDT.

HON. ISAAC BRANDT. We arc indebted to the Honorable Isaac Brandt for many of the historical facts and matters of interest concerning the early history of the city, and are pleased to publish a brief biography and [Hjrtrait in this connection, and also a cut showing his residence, Chcrr\- Place, as it was in '69 and as it is in '96.

Isaac Brandt was born near Lancaster, Ohio, on April 7, 1827. He received his educa- tion in the best of public and private schools of Fairfield count}-. Ohio. On October 18, 1843, he was apprenticed to Hezckiah Brooke to learn the boot and shoemaker's trade. For a few years he taught school in the winter season and worked at his trade until he completed his

Cherry Place i-s it was in 1869 RESIDENCE OF MR. ISAAC BRANDT.

Cherry Place in 18

ediicatit)!!. On Novtmhcr I, |S4(), lie was unitctl in niarriai^e with Harriet Wisely, who was born and raised in the same neiL;hborhood. In May, lS;o, he and his yoiun,' wife ]Hit all their carthU' possessions in a two-horse wat,ron and started for Auburn, Indiana, whore thev arri\cd in ten days, after dri\'intj thr<)ut;h mud and mire. Mr. Brandt o[)ened up a shoe shop and did a thri\in<j

business.

In .\i)ril, 1S5S, with his wife and three small children he remo\ed to the city of I)es Moines where he has resided ever since. In the fall of 18;^, he embarked in the mercantile trade in I)es Moines and continuetl in that business tor se\ en _\'cars.

Mr. Brandt has held several positions of honor and trust. In ( )ctobcr, 1854, he was elected to tlie office of sheriff of DeKalb count}-, Indiana, which office he held for the term of two years. On ]aiuiar\' I, 1867, he was appointed Assistant Treasurer of State, which position he held for si.x years. In October, 1S73, he was elected one of the representatives of folk count\- to the I'"ifteenth General Assembly. On lune 2, 1890, Mr. Brandt was appointed postmaster of the cit_\- of I)es Moines, which position he held until August 15, 1894.

Mr. Brandt has devoted much of his time and money to promote the cause of temperance. He served four terms as Grand Worthy Chief Templar of the Independent Order of Good Templars of Iowa. He is a firm and devoted prohibition-republican, a man of rugged constitution, active in all his undertakings, and ver\' positive in his convictions. In the days of slavery he was an active member of the underground railroad. Many a poor colored man has been led by the light of the north star by Mr. Brandt to his freedom while others were sleeping. John Brown, on his last trip through Des Moines, stopped at his house and in parting bade farewell over an old wooden gate that is preserved as a souvenir of that noble old mart\'r, who gave up his life for the love of the colored race. Mr. Brandt has in his possession much of the correspondence to the iV"«/' Yorl- Tr'ihiiite, New Tori: Times, and the Charleston papers, that had correspondents on the ground during the trial and execution of John Brown, in No\'ember and December, 1859, and several of his letters to his wife and family during his imprisonment. They are truh' rare docu- ments and are now of rrreat value.

U. E. PEARSON.

\'ei\' few photograi)liers liave won 'jo einiabic a reputation as Mr. O. V.. Pearson, whose galler\' is located at East Si.xtli and Locust streets. The rooms are riclih' fiirn- islietl and artisticall\' arrantjed, and equipped with tiie latest inipro\ements in instruments iinented for the business. His life size por- traits won much admiration. He also made a specialt}' of fine cabinet photos.

He was \cr}- successful as a scenic artist. HuweNer, some of the \iews in this work bearing his name do not do him credit as they were made by his assistants, as Mr. Pearson's business made it impracticable for him to be absent from his gallery much of the time. The cut of Mr. Homer D. Cope, j)ublished herewith, was reproduced from a photograph made 1)\- Mr. Pearson.

HOMER D. COPE.

MR. ]•. \V. WEl^STER.

Mr. F. W. Webster established in tlie phototjrapliic business in the year i8<Sg. His business has been a marked success from the bei^inning as his work' is deser\ing of great credit, as is shown by the fact that his work has been awarded the high- est ])rize at the Iowa State h'air for the kist two \'ears. He is prepared to fiuMiish all kinds t)f work', Ironi miniature to life size portraits, in oik water color, sepia aiul pastel; he also nicd^ces a specialt}- of taking fine (lut- duor \iews, man)' of the views in this work liaxinLT been furnisiied b\- him.

RESIDENCE OF MR, F, W. WEBSTER.

residence;of ^ r. l. harbach.

GROUP OF RESIDENCES DESIGNED BY FOSTER, LIEBBE & SMITH. Residence of Mr. Slater. Residence of Mr, John Trostle. Residence of Mr. Jesse Wells.

Residence of Mr. Marquis Younker.

KESlDtNCE OF MR G. M. RE YNOLDS -0.„..r Des Mo.nes Na.,onal Bank.

RESIDENCES OF MESSRS. FAIRALL AND TEACHOUT,

RESIDENCE OF MR. FRANK BAYLIES.

RESIDENCE OF HON. C H. GATCH.

RESIDENCE OF MR. WILLIAM FOSTER.

RESIDENCE OF MR W. E. BENTLEY.

J. H Nichols. William Miller.

GROUP OK RESIDENCES DESIGNED BY C. C. CROSS CO , Architects. W. H. Harwood.

John Newborn. Wm. M. Black.

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DR. POTTERS RESIDENCE.

RESIDENCE OP SECRETARY McFARLAND.

RESIDENCE OF MR. F. A. PERCIVAL.

RESIDENCE OK MK THOMAS HAT ION.

RESIDENCE OF MR. J S. POLK— C. C. Nourse. Architect.

GEO. S. REDHEAD.

FOSTER BLOCK-OWNED BY MRS MAKGUEkllE KOSIEK- N. h Lun.ci ul I'lUli and Center St»

THE IOWA l'RI\T].\(j H)M\'.\\\. The l\p()L;iai)li\', prcssworlc aiul bindinjj of the lilnstratcd Soiuenir is ample evidence tiiat Des Moines has a pufjHshinijf lioiise in tiic Iowa I'rintinj,' C"oni]jan_\- that is thoroughly cquip[)eti for first-class work. This well l<nown house is now recognized as one of the leading lithograpliing estabh'slunents in the west in commercial and bank work. The_\- make a specialtx- of college and school diplomas, receiving orders from c\cry state in the Union. Their various deijartmcnts include printing, loinding, lithographing, copper plate engraving and steel die embossing. They emplo\' an average of seventv-five persons- occup\-ing the first, second and [lart of the third floors of their building, each being 45.\i32 feet, 120 and 122 l'"ourth street.

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THE STAR KNGRAVIXG C(nU'.\W. The Star KiigraviiiLi Company have been engaged in business seven years and are by tar the largest conipan\- of the kind west of Chicago. The)' furnish all kinds of engravings and illustrations for the press. They have a large establishment thoroughly equipi)ed with tlie best improvements in machinery and apparatus rei|uired for making all kinds of engravings, viz: Zinc Etchings, W ood Cuts, both [jlain and in colors. Half Tones, Electrotypes and .Stereotypes, etc. Their iiall tone engravings are eijual if not superior to any made, as may be seen by examining the contents of this work and comparing it with other works of similar character, all of the engravings having been made by them. On the opposite page is given a view of tjio interior of the foundr\-.

CHARLES G. FINNEY WILCOX.

HENRY W. WILCOX

THE IOWA HISTORICAL 1 1, LUST RAT I Xl'. CO.Ml'AW. The hiwa llistoiical llhistiati\-e Cniii])aii\- coiiiiiicnccd the comi)ihiti()n of this uoil< Septeiiibci- I, iHgs.aiul ha\e l)cen constanth' ciit^aLjcil in the wmk Ironi that time to the present. The company was organized lur llie puri)ose oi puhlishim;- Souvenirs and other ilhistrated publications. Special attention is i;iven to funiishinL;^ fine phott>L^iaphic views antl enL;i-avini;-s of huildiniijs, landscapes or any work which demands the attention antl skill of ^ood artists. All kinds of engraving for the trade are also furnished, as cards, letter heads and various kinds of design wvork. i\Ir. Charles V. \Vilco.\, the manager, is esijecially adapted to the work, since he has for several years previous to the organization ol the conipan\- l)een engaged in the work of a designer and engraver, lie is the origi- nator and i)ropiietor of this enterprise and employs such men as are best ([ualified to pertorni the part of the work assigned them. Those whose serviceshave been of the most im])ortance in com- piling this volume are the [ihotographers Messrs F. W. Webster, O. V.. I'earson. Tom lames, II. N. Little and I-",. S. Cardner, Mr. Gardner furnishing more of the views than an\- other one, in tact about half of the engravings in this book were from photographs made bv him. < )n the opi)osite page are portraits of the manager, Charles h". Wilcox, and special assistant, llenr\- W'. Wilcox, who has been in the work with him for a short time.

H 3 89 *•

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