STOPPING WATER POLLUTION AT ITS SOURCE 0m0^^^^^ MISA Municipal/Industrial Strategy for Abotement THE DEVELOPMENT DOCUMENT FOR THE EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION FOR THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR Environment Environnement Ontario Jim Bradley Mims ISBN 0-7729-6553-6 MUNICIPAL- INDUSTRIAL STRATEGY FOR ABATEMENT (MISA) THE DEVELOPMENT DOCUMENT FOR THE EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION FOR THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR FEBRUARY 1990 V Copyright: Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1990 This publication may be reproduced for non-commercial purposes with appropriate attribution. TABLE OF CONTENTS USE OF THE MISA CATEGORY SPECIFIC REGULATIONS WITH THE GENERAL REGULATION OVERVIEW OF THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR I INTRODUCTION II DEFINITION OF ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION III HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION IV PRINCIPAL RAW MATERIALS V ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION PROCESS HEAVY WATER PRODUCTION VI WASTEWATER VII IN-PLANT CONTROLS VIII WASTEWATER TREATMENT IX THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR IN ONTARIO X SECTOR OVERVIEW A-1 A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-8 A-10 A-14 A-15 A-16 A-18 REFERENCES TECHNICAL RATIONALE FOR THE MONITORING REQUIREMENTS VI VII VIII IX X INTRODUCTION B-1 DEFINITION OF THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR B-1 THE NEED FOR REGULATION B-2 THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AND ENVIRONMENT CANADA EXPERIENCE B-4 THE MINISTRY / ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR DIALOGUE B-5 APPROACHES TO ROUTINE MONITORING B-6 THE CATEGORY-SPECIFIC MONITORING APPROACH B-7 PARAMETERS FOR ROUTINE MONITORING B-8 DATABASES USED FOR PARAMETER SELECTION B-12 CLASSIFICATION OF EFFLUENTS B-14 TABLE OF CONTENTS XI MONITORING FREQUENCIES FOR THE SECTOR XII PARAMETER/FREQUENCY ASSIGNMENT - GENERAL RULES XIII PARAMETER/FREQUENCY ASSIGNMENT - SPECIFIC RULES B-22 XIV CHARACTERIZATION B-35 XV OPEN CHARACTERIZATION B-36 XVI TOXICITY TESTING B-37 XVII OUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL B-37 XVIII FLOW MEASUREMENT B-38 XIX ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE MONITORING REGULATION B-39 REFERENCES ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR SITE DATA APPENDIX 2 THE EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION FOR THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR EXPLANATORY NOTES TO THE EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION FOR THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR LIST OF TABLES Table 1 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes for the Electric Power Generation Sector Table 2 Effluent Monitoring Priority Pollutants List (EMPPL) (1987) - Including November 1988 Update Table 3 Electric Power Generation Sector Conventional and Sector Priority Pollutant List Table 4 Electric Power Generation Sector Pre-regulation Monitoring Program. Number of Characterizations and Dioxin Tests per Station Table 5 Pre-regulation Monitoring Frequencies of Detection (including legend) Table 6 Boiler Slowdown - Rotational Schedule Table 7 Summary of the Parameter/Frequency Assignment Rules Table 8 U.S. EPA BATEA Performance Data Table 9 Probability of Detecting at Least One Sample Above the Detection Limit Table 10 Summary of Recommendations Related to Monitoring (Series 300) From Environment Canada's Environmental Codes of Practice LIST OF FIGURES Fig. A.I Cross-sectional View of a Typical Hydraulic Generating Station Fig, A. 2 Cross-sectional View of a Typical Fossil-fuelled Thermal Generating Station Fig. A. 3 Cross-sectional View of a Typical CANDU Nuclear-powered Thermal Generating Station Fig. A. 4 Heavy-water Upgrading Process Fig. A. 5 Effluent Pathways for a Typical Fossil-fuelled Thermal Generating Station Fig. A. 6 Effluent Pathways for a Typical Nuclear-powered Thermal Generating Station USE OF THE MISA SECTOR-SPECIFIC EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATIONS WITH THE GENERAL EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION Under the MISA program, the monitoring requirements for each sector are specified in two regulations - The General Effluent Monitoring Regulation (Ontario Regulation 695/88 as amended by Ontario Regulation 533/89) and the relevant sector-specific Regulation. The General Effluent Monitoring Regulation provides the technical principles which are common to all sectors. It covers the "how to" items such as sampling, chemical analysis, toxicity testing, flow measurement and reporting. The sector-specific Regulation specifies the monitoring requirements of each direct discharger, such as the actual parameters to be monitored, the frequency of monitoring and the regulation in-force dates. The General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, which must be used in conjunction with the sector-specific Regulation, is published under separate cover. The Municipal-Industrial Strategy for Abatement (MISA) program is aimed at reducing discharges of toxic contaminants to Ontario's waterways. The ultimate goal of the MISA program is the virtual elimination of persistent toxic contaminants from all discharges to Ontario's receiving waters. The purpose of this document is to provide background information on the development of the MISA Effluent Monitoring Regulation for the Electnc Power Generation Sector (EPGS). The EPGS Development Document contains: An overview of the Electric Power Generation Sector. The Technical Rationale document for the Electric Power Generation Sector which describes the derivation of the monitoring parameters and the monitoring frequencies specified in the Effluent Monitoring Regulation. The Effluent Monitoring Regulation for the Electric Power Generation Sector. Explanatory Notes which explain the legal terms used in the Regulation. OVERVIEW OF THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR INTRODUCTION The first pari of this section serves as an introduction to the Electric Power Generation Sector. It defines electric power generation, provides a historical overview of the industry, and describes general methods of power generation as well as wastewater generation and treatment. The section concludes with specific information on each of the stations and facilities comprising the fVIISA Electric Power Generation (EPG) Sector. The EPG Sector in Ontario is primarily operated by Ontario Hydro. No private sector operators are included. DEFINITION OF ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR Electric power generation refers to the generation of electricity. The electric power generation industry, for the purposes of the development of the Effluent (VIonitoring Regulation, has been classified into three general categories based on power generation technology: hydraulic generation (waterfall); fossil-fuelled thermal generation (coal, oil, natural gas); and, nuclear-powered thermal generation (uranium). A fourth category has been established which includes facilities associated with nuclear power generation: associated facilities (including: heavy-water plants, nuclear complex services, sites under construction, partially decommissioned (non-operating) stations, and facilities with research reactors which include research and development laboratories that support the development of nuclear power and support nuclear generating stations, specifically Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories). HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION It is only in the past hundred years that rapid progress has been made in the generation and application of electricity on a large scale. Initially, modern-day electrical power was generated by harnessing the energy produced by falling water to rotate turbines, which in turn drove electrical generators. These are called hydraulic (or hydroelectric) generating stations (HGS). Hence the term "hydroelectric power", derived from the Latin word for water - hydro, which is nowadays shortened to "hydro power" or "hydro" and is used to refer to electricity in general. The first power plant of this type in Ontario was commissioned in 1 893 on the Niagara River, by the company which is now Ontario Hydro. Today, Ontario Hydro operates a total of 68 hydraulic generating stations in the province. These stations are located on 26 watersheds, with approximately one-third of the sites in remote northern areas. Fifty-seven of the stations are unmanned, thus requiring remote operation and monitoring, and are visited on a regular basis by operations or maintenance staff. As readily-available hydraulic sites were developed, and with ever-increasing demands for electricity, emphasis shifted towards building thermal generating stations (TGS). Thermal generating stations produce high-pressure steam that is used to rotate turbines and drive the generators which generate electricity. The first thermal stations were designed to burn fossil fuels such as coal, oil, or natural gas (fossil-fuelled (or fossil-fired) thermal generating stations). The first thermal generating station to be built in Ontario was the R. L. Hearn TGS, located in Toronto, which began service in 1 951 . A total of eight fossil-fired stations have been built in the province, two of which are now mothballed (i.e. the plant is shut down, but equipment is maintained and stored operational). As the demand for electricity increased further, nuclear-fission technologies were used to develop nuclear-powered thermal generating stations (NGS) which use uranium oxide as a fuel. The first prototype commercial nuclear- powered generating unit in Canada, a CANDU (Canadian-Deuterium Uranium) reactor, began operation in 1962 at the Nuclear Power Demonstration facility on the Ottawa River at Rolphton. The first commercial nuclear generating station to operate in Ontario was Douglas Point NGS on Lake Huron, in 1968. Both of these sites are now partially decommissioned. Four additional nuclear generating stations, at two nuclear-power complexes, have been built and are operating today. Another NGS is currently under construction. All commercial nuclear-powered generating units in Ontario are of the CANDU design. Today, all three types of generating stations are used to supply electricity. Hydraulic and nuclear stations are used to maintain a base level of electrical output (base-load stations), while fossil-fuelled thermal stations are operated during periods of peak demand since their units can be started up or shut down in a few hours as demand changes (peaking stations). A-2 PRINCIPAL RAW MATERIALS Because hydraulic generating stations use only the force of falling water to generate electricity, they have no "raw materials" as such. The principal raw materials used for the generation of electricity are the fuels and demineralized water utilized by thermal generating stations to produce high-pressure steam. The fuels used may be either fossil or nuclear types. Large quantities of surface water (lake or river) are treated to produce and maintain high-punty boiler water which is used to generate steam. Even greater quantities of surface water, used as once-through cooling water, are required to condense the steam back into feed water for the steam-production cycle. Generating stations are planned to produce electricity economically, based on predicted future demand. The long-term availability of fuel supply and its cost are a major consideration. The different types of fuels have unique characteristics which dictate the quantity required to produce a given quantity of heat, and thus, the amount of steam and electricity generated. These fuel characteristics also determine, to a certain extent, the quantities and characteristics of waste by-products formed. The six operating fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations use various grades of coal and fuel oil. One mothbailed generating station was converted from coal to natural-gas combustion in its later years. The major differences between these stations, aside from design considerations, are the cost of the fuel used and the quantity of waste by-products formed. In terms of pollutants (by-products) formed, combustion of coal typically produces large quantities of ash and acidic waste gas emissions which are primarily sulphur oxides. Fuel oil produces little ash and has low sulphur oxide emissions. Natural gas is the cleanest of the fossil-fuels, which produces no ash and has minimal sulphur oxide emissions. All fossil-fuelled stations produce acid waste gas emissions which are oxides of nitrogen, as a by-product of combustion. There are four operational nuclear-powered thermal generating stations at two nuclear complexes in Ontario. These stations use 16 CANDU type reactors for power generation. Another four units are under construction at a third site, Darlington Nuclear Generating Station. All units use natural uranium dioxide in pellet form as a fuel. The pellets are enclosed in fuel bundles where fission of uranium-235 generates heat. Heavy water is used as the reactor moderator and also as the heat-transfer medium used to produce steam from high-purity, demineralized boiler water. Nuclear-powered thermal generating stations produce by-product waste (radioactive) that is smaller in volume than wastes produced at coal-fired, fossil-fuelled stations. The major facility associated with nuclear power generation is a heavy-water production plant. This plant extracts and enriches naturally-occuring heavy water from lake water using recycled hydrogen sulphide gas. The heavy water is then vacuum distilled to high purity. A-3 ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION PROCESS The principle of generating electricity is that an electric current is produced in a copper wire if the wire is moved quickly through the field between two magnets. In large electric generators, called "turbo-generators", many loops of wire are mounted around the circumference of the machine. Thus, the magnetic lines of force produced by electromagnets mounted on the rotor shaft "cut" many more wires as they spin around, and more electricity is produced. This is the basic technique by which electric power is generated at hydraulic, fossil-fuelled and nuclear-powered generating stations in Ontario. The main difference in the three categories lies in the technology employed to rotate the generator shaft. Water turbines are used at hydraulic stations to convert the driving force of falling water on paddle wheels (turtine blades) into the rotation of generator shafts. Once the energy produced by falling water has served its purpose, the water is returned to the river downstream (Fig. A.I). The turbines may be mounted in either a horizontal or vertical position with the generator oriented on the same axis, depending on the design of the station. Steam is used at thermal generating stations to drive steam turbines which power turbo-generators. The high-pressure steam can be produced using two different methods: a) fossil-fuelled stations use the combustion of coal, oil or natural gas in boilers (Fig. A.2); b) nuclear-powered stations use the energy released by the fission (splitting) of uranium-235 atoms to heat heavy water, which in turn is used to boil high-purity demineralized water (Fig. A.3). Once the high-pressure steam has expended its energy on the turbine blades, the steam is reheated and is fed to a second turbine stage at lower pressure to make more efficient use of it. Large heat exchangers utilizing lake or river water are used to assist in cooling and condensing the steam back to liquid water (condensate) for efficient boiler operation. This water is recycled back to the boiler where it again continues through the closed steam cycle. Additional make-up demineralized water is added continuously to compensate for leaks and boiler blowdown. > c .2.9 O 3 :s^? so >n ^1 3 DC/) Q o> Z c 51 > § < HEAVY WATER PRODUCTION Heavy water is a naturally occurring form of water where Deuterium, whicfi is an isotope of hydrogen containing a neutron in the nucleus, replaces hydrogen in the molecule. Ordinary lake water contains one part heavy water, or deuterium oxide (D2O), per seven thousand parts of ordinary water. Heavy water is used in nuclear-powered thermal generating stations to control, or "moderate", the fission of uranium-235 atoms which produces heat. Heavy water is also used as a heat-transfer medium to produce high-pressure steam in boilers. Heavy water is extracted by vigorously mixing water with hydrogen sulphide gas, such that naturally occurring deuterium exchanges freely between the gas and liquid. Utilizing counter-current isotopic exchange between hot and cold sections of a separation tower (H2S - HpO Dual Temperature Process), as shown in Figure A.4, the DpO concentration is increased from 0.015% to 30% by passing the feed water ffirough a series of towers (stages of an enriching unit). This heavy water is then sent to a vacuum distillation unit for upgrading to 99.90% purity. On average, a total of 340,000 tonnes of lake water is used for each tonne of heavy water produced. Approximately 34.000 tonnes of the lake water is used for the actual extraction process, with the remainder being utilized for cooling purposes. The production capacity for heavy water in Ontario amounts to approximately 800 tonnes per year. To initially fill a nuclear reactor unit. 800 tonnes of heavy water is required. Annual make-up is about 1% of capacity (8t) per unit, for a current yeariy total of about 128 tonnes for all units in Ontario. A-8 FROM GfcS E^#*>es FEED WATER HOT SECTION DRfTtRIUW FTOM WATtR EhfSCHES KVTFOGBJ SULPHIDE GAS DEPLETED GAS RETURN FROM NEXT TOWER J ENR1CH60 GAS TO NEXT TOWER (PROCESS IS REPEATED) Figure A. 4 Heavy-water Upgrading Process WASTEWATER The various processes employed in electric power generation and associated facilities result in process wastewaters of varying composition. A variety of pollutants, including both conventional and persistent toxic contaminants, may be found in the wastewaters. Characterization of wastewaters from thermal generating stations, performed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (1) and Environment Canada (2,3), have identified many contaminants present. Conventional pollutants which may be present include acids, bases, suspended solids, dissolved solids, oil and grease, organic carbon and nitrogen. Conventional pollutants may originate from raw materials, products and by- products. Toxic pollutants may include metals, phenols, and chlorinated hydrocarbons. The pollutants may originate from raw materials, products, by- products, and from other chemicals used on-site. The characteristics of untreated process wastewaters generated within the various categories of generating stations tend to be similar in composition. At hydraulic generating stations, few pollutants are expected due to the nature of the operation. Oils and grease originating from machinery and transformers are the most likely contaminants to be discharged. No treatment systems are located at these stations. Approximately 57% of the stations in service collect building drainage in sumps at the lowest point in the building, which are pumped out to the tailrace when they reach a high level. The remaining stations do not have sumps due to their design, and effluents drain directly back into the watercourse via drain systems. Fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations may discharge pollutants from a variety of effluent streams (Fig. A.5). The streams of major concern are: coal pile effluents, wet ash handling systems, boiler blowdown, and water treatment plant wastes. Coal pile effluents are acidic, and have suspended solids, dissolved metals, and organic compounds. Ash handling effluents are normally basic, have suspended and dissolved solids, and contain metals. Boiler blowdown has altered pH, dissolved and suspended solids containing metals, and unconsumed boiler treatment chemicals which are used to scavenge oxygen. Water treatment plant wastes may be either acidic or basic, and have dissolved and suspended solids as a result of the removal of water hardness. Drain systems may contain suspended solids, oil and grease, and spilled chemicals. Nuclear-powered thermal generating stations discharge effluents (Fig. A. 6) which include water treatment plant wastes and boiler blowdown streams similar to those found at fossil-fuelled stations. Radioactive effluents are collected and held in tanks, and may be discharged at controlled rates without further treatment. If radiation levels are high, the effluents may be retained in tanks or are treated before being discharged. Untreated process wastewaters generated at the various facilities associated with nuclear power generation tend to be different in connposition, depending on the site. Heavy water plants routinely discharge seal oils, hydrogen sulphide (containing mercaptans), diethanolamine (used to recover HgS), and antifoaming agents. Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories discharge a variety of streams similar to those found at nuclear generating stations, however, at much smaller volumes. The effluents include cooling water used for the nuclear reactors, boiler blowdown, water treatment plant effluents, radioactive effluents, waste disposal site effluents, and effluent from the sanitary sewage treatment plant. At the partially-decommissioned Waste Management Facilities, the effluents discharged are primarily sformwater and building drainage. Potentially radioactive effluents are collected and if required, are transported offsite for treatment. Ill 1 ll I-" 1" T 1 1 IN-PLANT CONTROLS In-plant controls are methods of limiting the discharge of pollutants by performing process modifications, chemical substitutions, and water reduction and recycling. Process modifications generally include measures to improve the efficiency of unit operations, thereby reducing the quantities of pollutants that may be discharged in the wastewaters. An example of chemical substitution occurring at all older stations concerns transformers containing oils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (RGB's). Depending on the level of contamination, the RGB's may be destroyed on site or the oil may be removed and incinerated. Replacement oils and new equipment contain no RGB's. Another example is currently occurring at nuclear-powered generating stations, where electrohydraulic control fluids which are used in high-pressure turbine governor systems (Fyrquel-EHG) are being replaced with a less toxic compound (Fyrquel-EHG-S). The recovery of by-products through physical treatment processes or recycling, and through the control of spills from process or storage areas, will also reduce losses to the environment. At fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations, boiler bottom ash is recovered from sluicing (ash transport system) water. Coal-pile effluent may be collected and re-used for dust suppression on the coal pile. Water reduction methods are practiced by using dry systems to recover flyash at all but one station. This last station has a wet system originally designed to recycle water, which will likely be converted to a dry flyash system in the future. Generally, both process and storage areas at stations are designed to prevent spills from entering storm drain systems. Where there is great potential for contamination, treatment is provided downstream (e.g. oily water separation on drain systems). Recycling of water and reducing water consumption, where practical, will also reduce contaminant losses. VIM WASTEWATER TREATMENT Both physical-chemical and biological processes may be used to control the pollutants discharged in wastewaters. The majority of the EPG Sector stations and associated facilities use physical chemical treatment methods on their process effluents. Some sites have sanitary waste treatment systems which may receive industrial wastes. Also, some effluent streams are discharged from sites directly to receiving waters without any form of treatment. The generating stations generally discharge effluents into once-through cooling water streams where the contaminants become significantly diluted. Among the physical-chemical treatment technologies employed are: neutralization, oily water separation, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation/clarification, filtration, adsorption/desorption. and steam stripping. Some examples of treatment methods used at various EPG facilities are provided below. At thermal generating stations, water treatment plant regeneration wastes are usually neutralized in a sump before being discharged. Also, some drain systems which have the potential to be contaminated with oil have oily water separation equipment installed. At fossil-fuelled stations, coal-pile effluent is neutralized, and in some cases is filtered, before discharge. Bottom ash sluice water is clarified and filtered prior to discharge. At the heavy-water plant, steam stripping is used to recover hydrogen sulphide from the enriching tower effluent. Biological treatment systems are used primarily for sanitary sewage, however, industrial wastes may also be directed to these systems for treatment. Biological treatment involves contacting the wastewater with microorganisms which metabolize the wastes for energy production and synthesis of new cells. Biological treatment technologies include activated sludge systems, rotating contactors, and lagoons. The site under construction currently uses rotating biological contactors, designed to treat sanitary sewage from the station, for treating both sanitary and industrial wastes. The industrial wastes consist of pipe-cleaning rinse tank effluents. When construction is complete, only sanitary sewage from the generating station will be directed to this treatment system. At Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories, sanitary wastes are only clarified and chlorinated before discharge. THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR IN ONTARIO The electric power generation industry in Canada is very large, consisting of over two hundred generating stations. Of the 86 stations and associated facilities located in Ontario which are direct dischargers, 24 will be monitored under the MISA program. Only six of the 68 major hydraulic generating stations are presently being included to represent the category, since hydraulic stations are not considered to be a major source of toxic contaminants released to waterways. Of the 24 EPG Sector sites that are to be monitored, 19 are located in southern and central Ontario near large population centers, and the remaining five are located in northern Ontario. The Electric Power Generation Sector facilities in Ontario are operated or owned by two companies, Ontario fHydro and Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL). Ontario Hydro is a provincial crown corporation, which in 1987 supplied approximately 95% of the electhcity consumed in Ontario. It had a total generation capacity of 32,123 megawatts (MW) compared to a national total of 100,638 MW in 1987 (4). In the EPG Sector, Ontario Hydro produces electricity at 68 hydraulic stations, six fossil-fuelled stations, and four nuclear-powered stations at two nuclear-power complexes. In 1987, of the electricity generated in Ontario, hydraulic generating stations accounted for 23.8%, fossil-fuelled stations 23.9%, and nuclear-powered stations 47.5% of Ontario's power requirements. Due to unusually warm and dry weather conditions, fossil-fuelled stations burned about 50% more coal than expected to offset a reduction in hydraulic generating capability. The remaining 4.8% of Ontario's power requirements were met by purchasing electricity from other utilities. Ontario Hydro also operates a heavy water plant and a services site at one of the nuclear complexes, and has one nuclear site under construction (first unit expected to begin service in 1990). In addition, Ontario Hydro has two fossil-fuelled stations which are mothballed. Atomic Energy of Canada Limited is a Federal Crown Corporation established in 1952 to "pursue researches and investigations with respect to atomic energy" and to "utilize, cause to be utilized and prepare for the utilization of atomic energy" for the continuing benefit of Canada and Canadians. AECL currently consists of two operating divisions: Research Company and CANDU Operations. Two other divisions; Radiochemical Company and Medical Division, were transferred to the Canadian Development Investment Corporation in 1988 in preparation for privatization. The Research Company operates major research laboratories at Chalk River, Ontario. Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories (CRNL) include research reactors and carry out research in advanced reactor development, radiation applications and isotopes, and physics and health sciences. CANDU Operations is responsible for the design and marketing of the CANDU nuclear power plant and providing Engineering Services. This division manages the partially-decommissioned nuclear sites at Douglas Point and the Nuclear Power Demonstration site at Rolphton, Ontario. Captive generating plants, parallel (private) generators which are mostly hydraulic, and energy-from-waste plants are excluded from the sector at this time. The excluded sites are very small and together account for a small fraction of the electrical generating capacity in Ontario. Generating stations located on industrial sites (captive plants) are excluded because they would be covered under the specific Regulation for that Industrial Sector. SECTOR OVERVIEW An overview of Electric Power Generation Sector sites is provided in this section. Information such as type of facility, site name, location, generating capacity, and fuel consumed are provided. Detailed descriptions of individual facilities may be found in Appendix 1 , "Summary Data of Electric Power Generation Sector Sites". Capacity Hydraulic Generating Stations Aguasabon GS Arnprior GS Sir Adam Beck No. 2 GS Decew Falls NF 23 GS Pine Portage GS Silver Fails GS Aguasabon River [\/ladawaska River Niagara River Old Welland Canal Nipigon River Kaministikwia River 44 MW n/a 80 MW n/a 1,328 MW n/a 144 MW n/a 132 MW n/a 48 MW n/a Fossil-fuelled Thermal Generating Stations Atikokan TGS Lakeview TGS Lambton TGS Lennox TGS Nanticoke TGS Thunder Bay TGS Marmion Lake Lake Ontario St. Clair River Lake Ontario Lake Erie Lake Superior 200 MW coal 2,400 MW coal 2,000 MW coal 2,240 MW oil 4,096 MW coal 400 MW coal Mothballed Fossil-fuelled Thermal Generating Stations R.L. Hearn TGS Lake Ontario J.C. Keith TGS Thunder Bay TGS (unit#1) Detroit River Lake Superior 1.200 MW natural gas (orig. coal) 264 MW coal 100 MW coal Nuclear-powered Thermal Generating Stations Bruce NGS-A Bruce NGS-B Darlington NGS Pickering NGS-A Pickering NGS-B Lake Huron Lake Huron Lake Ontario Lake Ontario Lake Ontario 3.056 MW uranium oxide 3,345 MW uranium oxide 3.524 MW uranium oxide (future) 2.060 MW uranium oxide 2,064 MW uranium oxide Facilities Associated With Nuclear Power Generation Bruce Heavy Water Plants Lake Huron 800 t/y n/a Bruce Nuclear Power Development - Services (includes: Bruce Nuclear Waste Storage Site, Bruce Sewage Processing Plant) Lake Huron n/a n/a Darlington NGS - Construction Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories Ottawa River 177 MW enriched uranium- (thermal) aluminum alloy Douglas Point Waste Management Facility Nuclear Power Demonstration Waste Management Facility REFERENCES 1) United States Environmental Protection Agency, "Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards and Pretreatment Standards for the Steam Electric Point Source Category", Washington D.C., November 1982 (EPA-440/1 -82/029). 2) Environment Canada, "Environmental Codes of Practice for Steam Electric Power Generation - Design Phase", Ottawa. March 1985 (EPS 1/PG/1). 3) Environment Canada, "Environmental Codes of Practice for Steam Electric Power Generation - Design Phase, Appendices", Ottawa, December 1986 (EPS 1/PG/1A). 4) Energy, Mines and Resources Canada, "Electric Power in Canada". Ottawa, 1988 (M23-7/1987E). TECHNICAL RATIONALE FOR THE MONITORING REQUIREMENTS TECHNICAL RATIONALE FOR THE MONITORING REQUIREMENTS INTRODUCTION The purpose of the technical rationale is to explain the steps in the development of the Electric Power Generation (EPG) Sector Effluent Monitoring Regulation. This section provides background information on the regulation process, the approaches considered in arriving at the monitoring approach for the Electric Power Generation Sector, the databases, criteria and general and specific rules used for parameter and monitoring frequency selection. DEFINITION OF THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR The Electric Power Generation Sector consists of facilities at which electric power is generated and includes fossil-fuelled thermal, nuclear-powered thermal and hydraulic generating stations as well as facilities associated with nuclear power generation. In total, there are eighty-six generating stations and associated facilities in the Electric Power Generation Sector. The Sector includes all sixty-eight hydraulic generating stations owned/operated by Ontario Hydro. For the purposes of the effluent monitoring regulation, only six of these stations are to be monitored because of the similar processes used at all of the hydraulic generating stations and the minimal potential for environmental impact. These six hydraulic generating stations represent the full range of operating capacities at generating stations within the province. The facilities associated with nuclear power generation are those which are located at power generation facilities and, in some way, provide a support function to the generating stations. The Bruce Heavy Water Plant and Sewage Processing plant are two such facilities which are associated with the Bruce Nuclear Power Development, but at which electrical power is not actually generated. It was considered appropriate to include such facilities in the Sector as they are owned and/or operated by power generating facilities and provide support to the electric power generation process. Three of the facilities associated with nuclear power generation are owned by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited. These facilities are included in the Sector for the following reasons: 1 . The facilities are regulated by the Atomic Energy Control Board for radionuclide releases only. At this time, the release of most conventional and priority pollutants to receiving watercourses are not monitored or regulated. B-1 2. The facilities, at some time, have operated CANDU-type nuclear reactors similar to those used at all other nuclear-powered thermal generating facilities and therefore could generate similar conventional and priority pollutants. The Electric Power Generation Sector may be defined using the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes, developed in Canada for data gathering purposes by Statistics Canada (1). The Electric Power Systems Industry is classified as SIC code 491 1 and includes all fossil-fuelled and nuclear-powered thermal generating stations. SIC code 4999 includes all facilities in the Electric Power Systems Industry which are not elsewhere classified, such as the Bruce Heavy Water Plant and Waste Storage Site. Fossil-fuelled and nuclear-powered thermal generating stations which are under construction are classified under SIC code 41 1 1 . Hydraulic generating stations are not classified with a SIC code. The SIC codes applicable to this Sector and the generating stations and associated facilities classified under these codes are listed in Table 1 of Appendix 2. THE NEED FOR REGULATION Currently the Electric Power Generation (EPG) Sector stations monitor and report only certain standard parameters and conventional pollutants under the Ministry of the Environment's Industrial Monitoring Information System (IMIS). At this time, only eight of the twenty-four generating stations and associated facilities to be monitored under the MISA program report information through IMIS. The data reported to the system include once-through cooling water effluent flow, temperature and temperature rise of effluent for each of the generating stations. In addition, some of the generating stations and associated facilities report the following parameters: pH, biochemical oxygen demand (BODS), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), total phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), sulphate, hydrogen sulphides and selected metals. Monthly average data for each of the generating stations are published by the Ministry of the Environment in an annual report entitled "Report on the Industrial Direct Discharges in Ontario" (2). Requirements for the standard parameters and conventional pollutants reported under IMIS are imposed by Certificates of Approval. Ministry guidelines are derived from various sources including Provincial Water Quality Objectives (PWQO) and previously published guidelines for industrial sectors. Provincial Water Quality Objectives are currently available for a total of 74 conventional and priority pollutants, of which 51 are priority pollutants. Several of the PWQOs are listed in the Ministry of the Environment's publication entitled "Water Management: Goals, Policies, Objectives and Implementation Procedures of the Ministry of the Environment" (3). It is the goal of the Ministry to: 1 . Establish PWOOs or Guidelines for all of the EMPPL substances identified on the Ontario Effluent Monitoring Priority Pollutants List (EMPPL) that possess the potential for moderate to high aquatic environmental damage. 2. Assemble the available aquatic toxicological and other appropriate information for the remaining EMPPL substances and maintain the capability to set Provincial Water Quality Guidelines for such substances on demand. There are currently no regulations for specific toxic and persistent pollutants in this Sector. Currently only a limited database exists on the concentrations and/or loadings of priority pollutants being discharged into surface w/atercourses. Historically, monitoring of effluents from this Sector has focused on final discharge points (outfall) only. Special studies have been carried out on discharges from coal pile treatment system and ash transport water system discharges. Process effluents which may contain priority pollutants have not generally been monitored at the source. Conventional parameters have been monitored at certain sites routinely. Environment Canada has published a document entitled "Environmental Codes of Practice for Steam Electric Power Generation - Design Phase" (4,5). The Design Phase Code was developed by a federal-provincial-industry Task Force, and includes data and recommendations for the design of thermal power station water and wastewater systems. These environmental protection standards include recommendations for monitoring facilities, as summarized in Table 10 (Appendix 2). The Atomic Energy Control Board (AECB) is a federal regulatory agency with jurisdictional authority over nuclear-powered thermal generating stations which implements control through a licensing system. The AECB controls the discharge of radionuclides. The lack of information and of suitable regulatory requirements from any jurisdiction defines the need for a comprehensive database on the discharge of conventional and priority pollutants from generating stations and associated facilities in the Electric Power Generation Sector. As outlined in the Ministry of the Environment's White Paper (6), the MISA Effluent Monitoring Regulation for the Electric Power Generation Sector will provide this technically sound database. An effluent limits regulation for the Electric Power Generation Sector will be based on the database developed under the effluent monitoring regulation in conjunction with data on Best Available Technology Economically Achievable (BATEA). The effluent limits regulation will ensure that the required B-3 technology is put in place to provide treatment of priority pollutants in process effluents and will work towards the goal of virtual elimination of toxic pollutants discharged to surface watercourses. THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AND ENVIRONMENT CANADA EXPERIENCE Primary effluent limitations guidelines for the Steam Electric Power Industry were originally published by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency in October 1974. The guidelines addressed only fossil-fuelled and nuclear- powered thermal generating stations. Hydraulic generating stations were not addressed as they are not part of the steam electric power industry and their direct discharges are considered to have minimal environmental impact. As a result of successful court challenges, the following events occurred: A Settlement Agreement in June of 1976 between the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) and the U.S. EPA required that the EPA develop and promulgate effluent limitations guidelines reflecting Best Available Technology Economically Achievable (BATEA), standards of performance for new sources and pretreatment standards for existing and new sources for 21 major industries in the U.S. In July of 1976, the U.S. Court of Appeals remanded for reconsideration various parts of the October 1 974 effluent limitations guidelines for the Steam Electric Power Industry. Amendments to the Clean Water Act in 1 977 required the review and revisions, if appropriate, of each effluent limitation or standard to be promulgated by U.S. EPA at least every three years. This requirement has not been implemented in this sector in the U.S. As portions of the 1974 effluent limitations guidelines were remanded, the U.S. EPA initiated further studies and data gathering from representative facilities in the Steam Electric Power Industry in order to obtain a stronger basis for issuing new effluent limitations guidelines. New effluent limitations guidelines for the Steam Electric Power Industry were published in November of 1982 and is entitled "Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards and Pretreatment Standards for the Steam Electric Point Source Category" (7). The Steam Electric Point Source Category includes fossil-fuelled and nuclear- powered thermal generating stations. The limitations imposed are identical for both types of generating stations and include limitations for the following pollutants: pH, total suspended solids, solvent extractables (oil & grease), copper, iron and PCB's. In addition, total residual chlorine (TRC) and total residual oxidants (TRO) are limited on once-through cooling water streams. The MISA Monitoring Regulations for the Electric Power Generation Sector are consistent with applicable recommendations (Table 10. Appendix 2) of Environment Canada's Design Phase Code, and are generally more comprehensive and stringent than the Code recommended practices as well as the U.S. Effluent Limitations Guidelines of 1982. The rationale for this approach is that the data base will be used to develop BATEA driven limits of the 1990's for the EPG Sector of Ontario. The fVIISA program is taking the approach of developing a technically sound database by requiring all of the facilities in the Electric Power Generation Sector to carry out twelve months of monitoring for a list of conventional and priority pollutants on each of its effluent streams with the potential for contamination from process materials. The monitoring data is to be obtained through an effluent monitoring regulation which specifies sampling and analytical protocols, parameters and frequency of monitoring, flow measurement, toxicity testing and reporting requirements for each of the stations/facilities in the Sector. THE MINISTRY / ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR DIALOGUE The Ministry adopted an open consultative process with representatives from the Sector in developing the Effluent Monitoring Regulation for the Electric Power Generation Sector. The MISA Advisory Committee (MAC) provided input to the development process. Members of this committee are appointed by the Minister of the Environment on the basis of their knowledge, concern and expertise in matters dealing with the environment. A Joint Technical Committee (JTC) consisting of representatives from the Sector, the Ministry and Environment Canada was established as a means for developing the monitoring regulation and its requirements through a consensus building approach as far as possible. The Sector was represented by Ontario Hydro, as they are currently the owners and/or operators of all of the generating stations in the Sector. A member from the Atomic Energy Control Board (AECB) and two members from Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. also sat on the committee on a voluntary basis, for the purposes of receiving and providing information on the program. A member of the MISA Advisory Committee was also invited to take part in the JTC discussions. Agreement was reached with Sector representatives on the principles which were to serve as general guidelines for the development of the monitoring regulation. A subcommittee of Ministry and Environment Canada representatives used the guidelines to develop the technical rationale to establish monitoring requirements for the Sector. A Regulation Writing Subcommittee consisting of Ministry, Environment Canada and Sector representatives then drafted a regulation for review by all members of the JTC. On the basis of the technical rationale, and U.S. EPA / Environment Canada experience and databases available to the Ministry, monitoring requirements for effluent streams at each of the stations were established. The monitoring requirements were subsequently reviewed with representatives of the Sector and modified where warranted by technical and practical considerations. APPROACHES TO ROUTINE MONITORING The simplest approach to the development of monitoring requirements for the Sector would be to have a single uniform requirement for all of the generating stations in the Sector, regardless of the method used to generate power at a station. However, the Sector consists of hydraulic generating stations, fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations, nuclear-powered thermal generating stations and facilities associated with nuclear power generation, which produce or aid in the production of electric power using different technologies and with different process materials. A single uniform requirement is therefore not practical nor cost effective for this Sector. Environment Canada, in documenting its Design Codes of Practice for the Steam Electric Power Industry (4,5), applied a general approach for the purpose of developing the guidelines. In this document, environmental concerns associated with water-related and solid waste activities of the steam electric plant are discussed. This approach was found to be unsuitable for the development of the monitoring regulation for this Sector as it applied uniform requirements and did not take into consideration hydraulic generating stations. The approach used by the U.S. EPA in regulating power generating stations in the Steam Electric Point Source Category is a generic stream-specific approach which regulates pollutant discharges from both fossil-fuelled and nuclear-powered thermal generating stations, and does not differentiate between methods of power generation. Hydraulic generating stations are not regulated under the U.S. EPA in this category. Recognizing the differences in methods used to generate power at each of the generating stations, it was concluded that the most appropriate approach for the development of monitoring requirements for this Sector is one based on the method used for power generation. The following categories were established in the Electric Power Generation (EPG) Sector: 1 . Hydraulic generating stations. 2. Fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations. 3. Nuclear-powered thermal generating stations. 4. Facilities associated with nuclear power generation. THE CATEGORY-SPECIFIC MONITORING APPROACH The category-specific monitoring approach addresses similarities in effluent streams from generating stations due to similarities in processes used, process materials and effluent treatment available. However, it was recognized that site-specific considerations at some of the stations may require modifications to the category-specific approach at a particular station or facility. There are 68 hydraulic generating stations in Ontario. Effluents from these stations do not vary widely and consist of once-through cooling water, potentially contaminated building effluent and storm water. The release of process materials, such as oils and greases used for lubrication, is monitored by consumption. Six representative sites were chosen from the 68 hydraulic generating stations. A category-specific approach is therefore suitable for hydraulic generating stations. Fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations include those fuelled by coal, oil or natural gas. This category consists of eight stations, five of which burn coal and one of which burns oil. Also included in this category are two mothballed stations (the station is shut down but the equipment is stored and maintained operational) which have the potential to discharge pollutants through storm water runoff. The similarities in this category warrant that generic category-specific monitoring requirements be developed for all of the generating stations in this category. The nuclear-powered thermal generating stations in this Sector all use the same methods of power generation and therefore a category-specific monitoring approach is suitable. Facilities associated with nuclear power generation each required site-specific monitoring requirements due to their differences in processes, process materials and effluent treatment available. Monitoring will be requi.ed on all process effluent streams prior to dilution. However, in cases where the process effluent streams are not segregated from other effluent streams, a combined effluent stream will be monitored. This is consistent with the other industrial sectors to be regulated under the MISA program. As all of the generating stations in the Sector use a vast quantity of cooling water, the potential for dilution of both conventional and priority pollutants at the point of final discharge from the station is great. Final effluent streams (final outfalls) from each of the generating stations will be monitored as once-through cooling water effluent streams, as the streams will be about 95% once-through cooling water at this point. Dilution of the process effluents will mask the concentration of contaminants discharged in the final effluent and will not provide an indication of the actual impact of the process effluent streams on the receiving watercourse. However, any effluent limits to be developed would be based on process effluent streams prior to dilution and masking of the contaminants. Other effluent streams, such as storm water, coal pile effluent, waste disposal B-7 site effluent, potentially contaminated building effluent, equipment cleaning effluent and emergency overflow effluent, whiichi have thie potential for contamination by process materials or process effluent and wfiicfi discharge to a surface watercourse, are also required to be monitored. Category-specific and site-specific monitoring schedules were developed for each of the generating stations and associated facilities to reflect the monitoring requirements on each of the effluent streams at the stations. Biological monitoring requirements are required for certain effluent streams. Toxicity testing using both the fish toxicity test (Rainbow trout) and the Daphnia magna acute lethality toxicity test is required. VIII PARAMETERS FOR ROUTINE MONITORING a) Ontario Effluent fVlonitorinq Priority Pollutant List (EMPPL): The monitoring schedules developed for the generating stations and associated facilities in the Sector include both conventional and priority pollutants. The list of priority pollutants to be monitored is based on a subset of the 1 988 Ontario Effluent Monitoring Priority Pollutants List (EMPPL). The derivation of the EMPPL is fully documented in a Ministry report dated July 1988 (8). The Effluent Monitoring Priority Pollutants List (EMPPL) includes those chemicals detected in Ontario municipal and industrial effluents and in Ontario waterways which pose a hazard to the receiving environment because of their toxicity and persistence. The potential presence of a chemical based on use and manufacturing data could also have placed it on the EMPPL. The EMPPL is not a static list of chemicals of concern, but one which will be revised at regular intervals to reflect additional chemicals which are promoted to the list as a result of information on their toxicity or persistence as assessed under EMPPL criteria. The 1988 EMPPL listed 179 chemicals. A review of toxicity and persistence criteria of other chemicals identified as present in effluents from particular industrial sectors has resulted in an additional 87 chemicals being added to EMPPL (9). The list will continue to expand and include new chemicals of concern as additional information is available. Of the 266 chemicals on the current EMPPL, only 141 have validated analytical protocols. The Electric Power Generation Sector list for effluent monitoring is derived from a subset of the revised 1988 EMPPL. The EPG Sector list includes 136 chemicals on the revised EMPPL for which validated analytical protocols are available. Analytical test groups 13 (Total alkyl lead) and 18 (Volatiles, Water Soluble) were excluded from the EPG Sector list as there is no evidence to suggest that these compounds could be present in the effluents from this Sector, nor are they used by the generating stations and their associated facilities. Table 2 of Appendix 2 lists the chemicals on the revised 1988 EMPPL. The chemicals are listed as belonging to an analytical test group, derived for the purpose of the monitoring regulations. Those chemicals with validated analytical protocols available are noted as such. In addition to the priority pollutants on the EPG Sector list, conventional pollutants and pollutants of specific concern to this Sector are to be monitored. Table 3 in Appendix 2 lists the conventional pollutants, EMPPL priority pollutants and sector-specific pollutants arranged by analytical test group. These pollutants form the basis of monitoring in the EPG Sector. b) Radioactive Emissions from Nuclear-Powered Thermal Generating Stations Associated Facilities: (Source: AECL/AECB) The EPGS regulation does not include a requirement to monitor the releases of radioactive materials from nuclear facilities since the limits (both concentration and total loading) and the reporting requirements are set by the Federal Government through the Atomic Energy Control Board (AECB). It is the AECB which regulates the public safety requirements for radioactive materials emissions. These requirements are set by using guidelines which are used in most countries around the world. i) Effluent Monitoring: Monitoring for radioactivity occurs in individual streams, in the outfall and in the environment around the station. The AECB requires that the nuclear-powered thermal generating facilities and associated facilities be able to detect leaks of radioactive water into cooling water streams which have been through a heat exchanger in contact with reactor water. Some streams are fitted with continuous monitors which can detect leakage of reactor water into the cooling water. These monitors alarm as soon as there is any leakage, warning the operator of the abnormal condition. Routine sampling of the water is carried out using an independent analytical method. The CANDU reactor uses heavy water. This water contains almost all of the mobile radioactivity. Leakage is collected and the water is cleaned, upgraded and returned to the reactor. In this way an estimated 99% of the radioactivity is removed and recycled back into the reactor. The facilities are designed so that all floor drains in areas where there may be radioactivity must flow to radioactive sumps. These sumps are pumped out to a Iprge collection tank (the Radioactive Liquid Waste Management System (RLWMS) Tank), and if the radioactivity level is high then the water is sent to a separate tank for treatment. The RLWMS tanks fill up during normal operation of the station collecting water from the floor drains, showers, laundry and clean up facilities. The tank fills to a set point, and is then isolated from the drainage system so that no new water can enter the tank. Water enters the next receiving tank. The isolated tank water is placed in a recirculating mode so that the contents of the tank are well mixed. After a mixing period of about 4 hours B-9 the tank is sampled and the sample analyzed for the heavy water and radioactive materials concentrations by the station staff using procedures that have been accepted by the AECB. Upon analysis, if the radioactive material concentration in the tank exceeds the allowable concentration, the water is transferred to another system where the water may be cleaned up. The clean-up system is normally only required for a few tanks each year. All of the water pumped out to the environment must meet AECB requirements. The outfall of the station or facility is sampled on a continuing basis to ensure that any leak or escape of radioactivity from any other source is monitored. This sample is analyzed weekly in a special laboratory using special materials and equipment which allows for an extremely sensitive measure of the radiation levels. If there is a slight increase in the radiation levels above the background level it would be detected and remedial action can then be taken. ii) Environmental Monitoring: Monitoring is carried out beyond the facility boundary. Samples of the plant and aquatic life in the area of the facility as well as sediment samples are taken to determine if there is any increase in the local levels of radioactive materials. This monitoring is used to confirm the validity of the models used and to confirm that the radioactive materials remain within acceptable levels. iii) Limits: The AECB requires that the releases of radionuclides into the receiving waters and into the atmosphere must remain below set levels. These levels are set so that the person most affected would not be exposed to an unacceptable risk from radiation and all other persons would be exposed to a lower risk. Modelling of the movement of the radionuclides in the environment is used to determine the maximum allowed release, based on a limit dose of radiation, to a person most affected, of 5 milliSieverts per year (a milliSievert is a unit of effect of radiation). Canadian nuclear power plants have set a design and operating target of 1% of the dose limit resulting from the combined release of all radionuclides. If the target is exceeded, the facility staff must take action to reduce releases and meet the target. Overall, nuclear power plants are designed to keep releases of radioactivity "As Low As Reasonably Achievable" (ALARA). This means that, if there is a net benefit to reducing releases, then it shall be carried out. c) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) at Ontario Hydro: (Source: Ontario Hydro) i) Use of PCB's and Inventory: Polychlorinated biphenyls and Askarels (i.e. blends of PCB's and chlorobenzenes) are causes of great concern to the public due to the possibility of adverse environmental and health related effects that may result from the bioaccumulation or human contact with PCB's or their by-products. Ontario Hydro has large volumes of PCB's and Askarels in service throughout its electrical system as a result of intentional use and unintentional contamination, both of which occurred before Ontario Hydro and the public became aware of the potential hazards of their use. ilic A program to remove PCB-filled (Askarels) transformers at hydrau generating stations and their replacement is undenway. At the fossil-fuelled stations, there are 521,830 litres of Askarels in use, contained in 586 transformers, 23 magnets, 1 8 capacitors and 1 7 other pieces of equipment. There are also 7 storage site containing 4543 litres of Askarels and a number of drums of PCB contaminated solid waste and pieces of equipment taken out of service. At nuclear-powered thermal generating stations and facilities, there are 204,190 litres of Askarel contained in 169 pieces of equipment still in service. There are also four approved storage sites containing waste Askarel and pieces of out-of-service equipment. ji) PCB Management: Ontario Hydro has developed a Mobile Processing Unit tor the treatment or cleansing of PCB's from oil with low levels of contamination. In 1988, Ontario Hydro's president directed all Branches to establish a plan and schedule to eliminate all low level liquid PCB's in storage and to develop a plan for the destruction of all high level liquid PCB's and solid PCB contaminated material in storage. Corporate and Branch policies and procedures have been developed by Ontario Hydro that ensure company compliance with government regulations and encourage responsible handling, transportation and storage practices. Ongoing management practices include the labelling of all PCB-containing equipment and wastes, the provision of containment structures around PCB-containing equipment, monthly inspections of all equipment and the maintenance of accurate inventory records. Emergency action programs have been developed to respond to spills and staff have been trained in proper PCB management techniques. iii) Program to Eliminate PCB's: The PCB contaminated oil Retrofilling and Decontamination programs are now well established. These programs are expected to result in the treatment of 80% of all PCB-contaminated insulating oils between 1989 and 1993. During 1 989, two Mobile Processing Units will decontaminate 1 ,250,000 litres of PCB- contaminated oils. As each year of retrofilling program is completed, the progran's focus will move successively from larger to smaller transformers, to breakers, to pole-tops and finally to bushings and other miscellaneous B-11 equipment. All of the Askarel or high-level equipment is planned to be phased out by 1998. The costs for phase-out and replacement is estimated at $44.3 million (Ontario Hydro estimate) at fossil-fuelled stations and $18.3 million (Ontario Hydro estimate) at nuclear-powered stations and facilities. At the present time, there is no approved destruction process or facility in Ontario. The equipment taken out of service will be placed in government approved secure storage until an approved destruction process is available. jv) Measurinq PCB's in Effluent Monitoring Regulations: Certain effluents will be analyzed for PCB's at all the ERGS facilities included under the MISA Effluent Monitoring Regulations. As a result of Ontario Hydro's PCB management program, PCB's would not normally be found in any process effluent stream. The emphasis then, will be to analyze those streams at risk of contamination as a result of spills or leaks. All storm waters, since many drain areas around transformers or other electrical equiprrient, are to be analyzed. Similarly, certain oily water separators, radioactive liquid waste management system tanks, and sewage treatment plant effluents are to be analyzed, as these systems are designed to receive and treat drains that may be contaminated. Also, all process effluents will be checked for PCB's during quarterly characterization of these effluents. DATABASES USED FOR PARAMETER SELECTION In the development of the category-specific and site-specific monitoring schedules, both current and historical monitoring data of conventional and priority pollutants in effluent streams from the Sector were considered. However, very limited information was available on many of the process effluent streams which necessitated that a pre-regulation monitoring program be established. A voluntary pre-regulation monitoring program was established with the EPG Sector in order to obtain current data on the presence or absence of chemicals found in representative process effluent, once-through cooling water, potentially contaminated building effluent, storm water, and waste disposal site effluent streams from generating stations and associated facilities in each of the categories. Characterization of effluent streams was conducted at twenty representative facilities, whi:h included eight fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations, three nuclear-powered thermal generating stations and three hydraulic generating stations. Additionally, six facilities associated with nuclear power generation were also monitored. The effluent streams monitored included: intake water, process effluents, coal pile effluent, emergency overflow, yard drains, sumps, and final effluent streams. Table 4 in Appendix 2 provides a summary of the total number of effluent characterizations performed on the effluent streams at each representative generating station and associated facility in the pre- B- 12 regulation monitoring program. Table 5 in Appendix 2 provides an indication of the presence/absence of the EPG Sector list parameters found in the effluent characterizations on a site-specific basis. Monitoring of the representative generating stations took place from June 1987 to December 1988. An initial round of sampling in June 1987 was found insufficient to provide the amount of data required for the development of the monitoring requirements. Two additional rounds of sampling were subsequently carried out by some of the generating stations and facilities. As a result, each representative station sampled effluent streams for up to three 12-hour periodf for all of the parameters on the EPG Sector list plus additional parameters which are potentially present in the effluents but were not listed on EMPPL. AH of the generating stations and associated facilities monitored their intake water for the same list of parameters. As an inspection function, the Ministry also obtained its own 12-hour composite sample as part of the pre-regulation monitoring program from one effluent stream at each station or facility. The samples were collected on one of the days that the station was collecting its pre-regulation samples, during the second or third round of sampling. In addition to monitoring for parameters on the EMPPL, the Ministry ran open characterization analyses on the samples to tentatively identify compounds in the effluents which are not currently on EMPPL. In response to a Ministry request, all stations in the Sector provided, as part of the pre-regulation monitoring program, comprehensive data on their operations including raw material and product lists, wastewater treatment and current monitoring programs at the station. This supplemental data was also used in the development of the category-specific and site-specific monitoring schedules. The pre-regulation monitoring data was supplemented by historical data and information from the following sources: IMIS (Industrial Monitoring Information System); Pilot Site Studies (documented in the Prelirrinary Report - St. Clair River MISA Pilot Site Investigation - Novemoer 1987 (10); U.S. EPA Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards and Pretreatment Standards for the Steam Electric Point Source Category, November 1982 (7); Environment Canada's Environmental Codes of Practice for Steam Electric Power Generation - Design Phase (4,5); Ontario Hydro reports - monitoring and site operations data; Atomic Energy of Canada's pre-regulation monitoring data; Various position papers/reports/proposals tabled by Ontario Hydro and Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd.; Best Professional Judgement (BPJ) based on knowledge of processes, products, by-products and raw materials at each station. The data from the current and historical databases available to the Ministry was reviewed and assessed on a category-specific and site-specific basis. The monitoring schedules specify the frequency of monitoring required for each parameter. A comprehensive rationale was developed to provide rules for the assignment of ERG Sector list parameters to daily, thrice weekly, weekly and monthly monitoring categories. The general and category-specific parameter and frequency assignment rules are documented in sections XII and XIII. CLASSIFICATION OF EFFLUENTS Unlike other industrial sectors under the MISA program where process effluents are segregated and may be biologically treated prior to discharge, ERG Sector stations commonly have unsegregated streams where process effluents are mixed with cooling water streams. This factor necessitates the monitoring of process effluents prior to any dilution with cooling water in order to establish the potential impact of a process effluent stream. The effluent streams identified at each of the ERG Sector stations were placed in one of the following twelve classifications; process effluent; combined effluent; boiler blowdown effluent; batch discharge effluent; event discharge effluent; once-through cooling water; storm water; coal pile effluent; waste disposal site effluent; potentially contaminated building effluent; equipment cleaning effluent; emergency overflow effluent. B- 14 Process Effluent Process effluent streams include effluents from process areas in each of the generating stations in each category, with the exception of hydraulic generating stations. Hydraulic generating stations have no process effluent streams. Following is a list of process effluents by category: Hydraulic Generating Stations Fossil-Fuelled Thermal Generating Stations ash transport water system effluent; oily water separator; water treatment plant neutralization sump effluent. Nuclear-Powered Thermal Generating Stations water treatment plant neutralization sump effluent. Facilities Associated with Nuclear Power Generation condensate plant water treatment plant effluent; sewage treatment plant effluent; heavy water plant process effluent; water treatment plant effluent; waste treatment centre effluent. Batch Discharge Effluent Batch discharge effluent is a process effluent that is discharged on a routine basis. Batch discharges originate from wastewater treatment systems that do not have a continuous discharge of effluent. Only Radioactive Liquid Waste Management System Tanks at nuclear-powered thermal generating stations and the Chalk River Waste Treatment Centre are required to sample for batch discharge effluent. Batch discharge effluent streams are considered as process effluent streams for all purposes of the General Regulation. Event Discharge Effluent Event discharge effluent is a process effluent that is discharged on an event basis. Event discharge effluent originate from wastewater treatment systems that do not have a continuous daily discharge of effluent. Some of the generating stations except hydraulic stations are required to monitor for event discharge effluent. Combined Effluent Combined effluent streams are required to be monitored where individual process effluent streams cannot be monitored prior to dilution with cooling water because of physical constraints. Combined effluent streams are present at two of the facilities associated with nuclear power generation. The monitoring requirements for combined effluents are as stringent as those for related process effluent streams. There is no pre-regulation monitoring data available on the combined effluent streams from Bruce Nuclear Power Development - Services, however the major contributor to these streams is the boiler blowdown effluent which is similar in character to the Bruce NGS- A boiler blowdown effluent. Boiler Blowdown Effluent Boiler blowdown effluent is required to be monitored at each of the fossil- fuelled and nuclear-powered thermal generating stations. Boiler blowdown effluent streams are considered as process effluent streams for all purposes of the General Regulation, with the exception that the streams are sampled on a rotational basis for each of the operational units at a station and there are different flow measurement requirements. This requirement reflects the fact that boiler blowdown effluent should be of consistent quality across the units at an individual station. An example of a rotational sampling schedule is provided in Table 6 of Appendix 2. The rotational sampling schedule provides for a minimum of twelve samples to be collected from each station and for sampling of each operational unit at least twice over the monitoring period of one year, regardless of the number of units at a station. Sampling of operational units is required to be spread out evenly throughout the year to the extent allowed by the operating schedule and by factors such as unit downtime. At nuclear-powered thermal generating stations, each of the operational units has multiple boilers. Therefore, in order to obtain a representative sample from the operational unit, the sample collected will be a composite sample from each boiler blowdown line. Coal Pile Effluent Coal pile effluents are discharges from coal piles which result from storm- related events and are considered as storm water for the purposes of all obligations under the General Regulation. Coal pile effluent has previously been identified as being a major source of contamination in this category and is required to be monitored prior to any treatment. Potentially Contaminated Building Effluent Potentially contaminated building effluent results from sources within the station buildings which could include: effluent from equipment drains, floor drains, trenches, or sumps that are connected to; once-through cooling water streams, yard drains, or directly to a surface watercourse. Specifically, this would include drainage effluent from coal bunkers, coal conveyors and pulverizers, coal or oil-fuelled boilers, ash handling equipment, chemical storage and handling, and equipment maintenance shops. Each of the generating stations and associated facilities may have several points of discharge through sumps. For the purposes of the General Regulation, potentially contaminated building effluent is considered as waste disposal site effluent, as the effluent is normally discharged on an event basis triggered by high liquid levels in a sump. Equipment Cleaning Effluent Equipment cleaning effluent results from discharges from the periodic chemical cleaning of boilers, air preheaters and heat exchangers, and from periodic wet lay-up of boilers. For the purposes of the General Regulation, equipment cleaning effluent is considered as waste disposal site effluent since the effluent is discharged solely on an event basis. Once-through Cooling Water Once-through cooling water is required to be monitored at the final outfall after the addition of process effluents and other effluent streams as applicable. Once-through cooling water will be monitored at all of the generating stations and some of the associated facilities. MONITORING FREQUENCIES FOR THE SECTOR The monitoring schedules in the EPG Sector effluent monitoring regulation set out four basic frequencies of routine monitoring - daily, thrice weekly, weekly and monthly. The more stringent requirements for daily, thrice weekly and weekly monitoring are placed on process effluent, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams. As a result of the large amount of dilution that once-through cooling water provides, monthly monitoring is required in order to obtain an indication of the potential impact of the effluent on the receiving watercourse. Due to the intermittent nature of the discharges and relatively low volumes released, storm water, event discharge effluent and coal pile effluent require monthly monitoring at the time of discharge. Similarly, waste disposal site effluent is storm event driven so that monitoring at the time of discharge is adequate. Potentially contaminated building effluent, equipment cleaning effluent and emergency overflow effluent are event based and are required to be monitored at the time of discharge or monthly whichever is less. Monitoring of these streams will provide an estimation of the potential impact on the receiving watercourse in comparison to process effluent streams. Daily Monitoring Daily parameter concentrations, when multiplied by daily flow rate, will provide daily loadings. The parameters chosen for daily monitoring are conventional parameters which may act as surrogates for other contaminants, and are possible indicators of treatment effectiveness and of process upsets. Continuous on-line analysis for pH and specific conductance is the preferred method of monitoring. Average concentration levels do not give a true indication of instantaneous discharges. On-line instrumentation will: measure short term spikes; allow determination of effluent variability by providing an indication of the variation of the recorded parameters with time; eliminate problems resulting from storage of samples; allow the combination of automatic monitoring systems with an alarm system that will give advance warning when a high concentration of an undesirable parameter occurs. Data from daJy monitoring will be used to provide an estimate of operational variability and to establish the daily versus monthly variability to establish future daily limits in relation to monthly limits. Thrice Weekly Monitoring The thrice weekly monitoring data will be used to: calculate monthly loadings and concentrations; provide a record of parameter variability including process load variations, treatment system upsets and spills; establish a basis of comparison for parameters monitored at other frequencies; aid in identifying parameters that require control; provide a basis for comparison of stations within the Sector; establish a basis for inter-sector comparison of loadings for these parameters; establish limits. Weekly Monitoring Weekly monitoring requirements are an economic and technical compromise between thrice weekly and monthly data. The weekly monitoring frequency will provide estimates of both concentrations and loadings which can assist in defining any future monitoring requirements and establishing limits. The weekly monitoring data will be used to: verify the presence or absence of compounds; provide estimates of the concentrations and variability of the compounds for comparison with BATEA performance levels to evaluate the need for control of these compounds; determine the need for further monitoring for a given compound and to establish that frequency. Monthly Monitoring Monthly monitoring of relatively long lists of parameters is required to establish the presence or absence of contaminants of concern. The concentration data will be used in conjunction with flow measurement data to estimate annual loadings for each of the compounds detected. Monthly monitoring can also be used in the interpretation of toxicity data and establishing limits. Monthly monitoring for selected analytical test groups is also required to determine the presence or absence of contaminants in the analytical test group. These analytical test groups are selected on the basis that at least one contaminant in the analytical test group is being monitored on a daily, thrice weekly or weekly basis. Analytical test groups are comprised of similar compounds so that the presence of one member may be indicative of other members also being present. PARAMETER / FREQUENCY ASSIGNMENT - GENERAL RULES Based on knowledge of this Sector, pre-regulation monitoring and historical data, and other background information, it was concluded that the monitoring of conventional and inorganic contaminants would be the focus of concern for this monitoring regulation. The development of the category-specific and site-specific monitoring schedules for each of the categories was based on the following general guidelines: The monitoring frequency for a given parameter is a function of the parameter type, the parameter concentration and effluent stream classification. Each process effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, batch discharge and combined effluent stream will be monitored for parameters that are chara teristic of the processes used in the particular category. All generating stations and associated facilities must monitor for the following core parameters: pH, specific conductance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS) and solvent extractabies. These core parameters reflect the general level of environmental control achieved at the stations and facilities and will be useful for comparison purposes. These core parameters are potential surrogates for other parameters. D. For process effluent, combined effluent, boiler blowdown effluent and batch discharge effluent streams, the detection of one member of an analytical test group from the EPG Sector list at a level equal to or greater than the Ministry of the Environment analytical method detection limit (MDL), in the pre-regulation monitoring data, required the whole test group to be included for monthly/event monitoring. A conservative approach was adopted to ensure a comprehensive monitoring database. Analytical test groups are comprised of similar or homologous compounds so that the presence of one member is quite likely an indicator that the remaining members of the group could be present. E. Storm water, coal pile effluent, waste disposal site effluent, potentially contaminated building effluent, equipment cleaning effluent and emergency overflow effluent streams in all categories will be monitored for the following core group of parameters: pH, specific conductance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS) and solvent extractables. These parameters will facilitate a comparison of loadings from other effluent streams. F. Stations or facilities with biological treatment (sewage treatment plants) must monitor the effluent stream for volatile suspended solids (VSS), total phosphorus and nitrogen (TKN, NH3, nitrates + nitrites). These performance parameters are indicators of treatment plant performance in the case where nitrification/denitrification is used. G. All generating stations and associated facilities will conduct toxicity testing on the following effluent streams: process effluent, combined effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, batch discharge effluent, event discharge effluent and once-through cooling water, except, when these effluents are being discharged along with other effluents for which toxicity testing is being conducted. H. Parameters that are currently being monitored under the Industrial Monitoring Information System (IMIS) or a Certificate of Approval will be monitored at their existing frequency unless increased under this Regulation. I. Best professional judgement was used for inclusion of process materials in the monitoring schedules based on high levels of use, even if none were found in the effluents above their MDL. J. Best professional judgement was used for increasing frequencies above baseline requirements for special situations. XIII PARAMETER / FREQUENCY ASSIGNMENT - SPECIFIC RULES The rules used for the development of the monitoring schedules are specific to each category and, in some cases, specific to each generating station or associated facility. In addition, the monitoring requirements for each category are placed on certain process effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, batch discharge, event discharge and combined effluent streams, and are indicative of the processes and process materials which contribute to that effluent stream. Not all process effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge, event discharge and boiler blowdown effluent streams at a generating station or associated facility are required to monitor for the same parameters. A) PROCESS EFFLUENT. BATCH DISCHARGE EFFLUENT, COMBINED EFFLUENT, and BOILER BLOWDOWN EFFLUENT Hydraulic generating stations have no process effluent, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent, or boiler blowdown effluent streams. Monitoring is specified for all process effluent, and combined effluent streams at all fossil-fuelled and nuclear-powered thermal generating stations, and at several of the facilities associated with nuclear power generation. Boiler blowdown effluent streams are required to be monitored at fossil-fuelled and nuclear-powered thermal generating stations. 1) Daily Monitoring All process effluent, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent, and boiler blowdown effluent streams in all categories are required to monitor for pH and specific conductance. The following is a summary of the daily monitoring requirements on a category basis: Fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations are required to monitor process effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: pH, specific conductance and total suspended solids. Nuclear-powered thermal generating stations are required to monitor certain process effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: pH, and specific conductance. The facilities associated with nuclear power generation are required to monitor certain process effluent, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: pH, specific conductance, total suspended solids (TSS), total residual oxidants (TRO) and sulphide. The reasons for nnonitoring each of the listed parameters in each of the categories and a short description of what is measured with each parameter are summarized below. BH a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration which indicates the acidity/alkalinity level in an effluent; pH and pH changes mav alter the toxicity of pollutants to aquatic life; low and high pH values cause corrosion and may cause metals to dissolve from sludges and bottom sediments; PWQOs require pH to fall within the range of 6.5 - 9.5 in the final effluent stream to the receiving water (3); each of the categories are required to monitor pH daily as a gross indicator of effluent quality. Specific Conductance indicator of the presence of dissolved inorganic salts which can impact aquatic organisms; each of the categories are required to monitor this daily as an indirect measure of the dissolved solids in the effluent; Total Suspended Solids (TSS) gross measure of suspended material including volatile suspended solids (organic) and inorganic materials; organic fractions may include grease, oils, fibers, microorganisms and dispersed insoluble organic compounds; inorganic materials include sand, silt, clay and insoluble metal compounds; measure of the effectiveness of treatment system separation equipment; may be a substrate for toxic contaminants which can leach out in water; required to be monitored at fossil fuelled thermal generating stations because of tfie potential impact from ash transport systems, nuclear powered thermal generating stations and at associated facilities at which biological sewage treatment is provided. Sulphide hydrogen sulphide is toxic to aquatic life (a function of temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen); required to be monitored at Bruce Heavy Water Plant because of the large usage of hydrogen sulphide in the process. Total Residual Oxidants measure of total residual chlorine/oxidants; required to be monitored at sewage treatment plants at associated facilities. Thrice Weekly Monitoring i) Conventional Pollutants The conventional pollutants chosen for thrice weekly monitoring serve as general indicators of the potential impact of a process effluent, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent or boiler blowdown effluent on the receiving watercourse. In certain cases, these parameters can also indicate treatment system performance. Ministry industrial effluent guidelines were used as a trigger above which thrice weekly monitoring would be required. The following is a summary of the thrice weekly monitoring requirements on a category basis: Fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations are required to monitor certain process effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: ammonia plus ammonium, nitrates plus nitrites, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), phenolics and solvent extractables. Nuclear-powered thermal generating stations are required to monitor certain process effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: ammonia plus ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, B-24 total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS) and solvent extractables. The facilities associated with nuclear power generation are required to monitor certain process effluent, batch discharge effluent, boiler blowdown effluent and combined effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: ammonia plus ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), solvent extractables and phenolics. The reasons for monitoring each of the listed parameters in each of the categories and a short description of what is measured with each parameter are summarized below. Ammonia plus Ammonium (Total Ammonia) a measure of both ionized and un-ionized ammonia in effluents; ammonia is toxic to fish at levels above 0.02 mg/L (un-ionized. Ministry PWQO for this form of ammonia); the concentration of ammonia in its unionized state varies with pH and temperature; a concentration of 10 mg/L of total ammonia (approx. equivalent to 0.04 mg/L of un-ionized NHg (pH = 7; T = 20 degrees C) in the effluent was selected as the concentration at and above which thrice weekly monitoring is required. The PWQO for ammonia is 0.02 mg/L un-ionized ammonia.; required to be monitored at certain process effluent, combined effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams in each of the categories as ammonia is used for pH adjustment in some boilers. Ammonia may also be concentrated in water treatment plant effluents. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) a measure of both organic nitrogen and total ammonia; measure of nitrification in sewage treatment plants; required to be monitored at certain process effluent and combined effluent streams in nuclear-powered thermal generating stations and associated facilities because it provides a measure of the total organic nitrogen in an effluent. Total Nitrates + Nitrites measure of denitrification in sewage treatment plants with nitrification; Ministry Dnnking Water Objectives (health related) for total nitrates plus nitrites (NO3 + NO2) of 10 mg/L was used as the concentration at or above which thrice weekly monitoring is required; required to be monitored at certain process effluent and combined effluent streams in each of the categories. Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) a measure of overall soluble organic carbon loading to the environment; potentially present in the effluent streams as a result of the usage of lubricating oils and greases, transformer oils, hydraulic fluids; required to be monitored at certain process effluent and combined effluent streams in each of the categories as it is a general process indicator and detects low levels of organic carbon in the effluents ( MDL = 0.5 mg/L). Total Organic Carbon (TOO required whenever TSS concentration is greater than 1 5 mg/L to ensure that the significant particulate organic component is not missed as would be the case by doing DOC only; a relatively high detection limit of 5 mg/L precludes its general use in place of DOC; a measure of both particulate and dissolved organic carbon; Total Phosphorus (Total P) phosphorus discharges to the Great Lakes are identified as a concern in the Canada-U.S. Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement; sewage treatment plant discharge guidelines = 1 .00 mg/L; required to be monitored on certain process effluent and combined effluent streams in each of the categories where phosphates are added to the raw water conditioning process, boilers or at STPs. Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS) a component of total suspended solids (TSS); measure of thie organic biological floe associated witfi biological treatment systems; biological floe can be a carrier by adsorption for metals and less volatile organics; measure of thie performance of separation equipment (clarifier) used in removing organic solids in biological treatment systems; required to be monitored on certain process effluent streams in each of the categories where there are oily water separators and in sewage treatment plants. Phenolics (4AAP) the 4-amino antipyrine (4AAP) method measures total phenolics; tend to be ubiquitous contaminants and are thus good indicators of pollution severity; can taint fish at 1 ppb concentration; can be general indicators of treatment; required to be monitored on certain process effluent and combined effluent streams at fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations, nuclear-powered thermal generating stations and their associated facilities because it may potentially be concentrated through the boiler water demineralizing process or be associated with oils in oily water separators. Solvent Extractables (Oil and Grease) measure of the gross hydrocarbon that could produce a visible film, sheen or discoloration on the surface of a watercourse; substances measured may include hydrocarbons, soaps, fats, oils and waxes; measure of groups of sub^^ances whose common characteristics is their solubility in Freon TM or hexane; can be a carrier for other toxic contaminants; required to be monitored in certain process effluent, combined effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams in each of the categories because of the usage of lubricating oils and greases, transformer oils, fuel oils and hydraulic fluids at the facility. ii) Priority Pollutants Thrice weekly monitoring for all other priority pollutants in the EPG Sector List was established using U.S. EPA data. Priority pollutants found in the databases available to the Ministry at concentrations above the medians of the long-term weighted means (LTM) listed by the U.S. EPA for BATEA facilities (Table 8 in Appendix 2) were placed in the thrice weekly monitoring category. The LTMs were established for the Organic Chemicals, Plastics and Synthetic Fibers Category for which BATEA has been determined to be biological treatment. Although the Electric Power Generation Sector is mainly inorganic in nature, the LTM values provide a framework on which to base a thrice weekly monitoring frequency assignment. In all process effluents, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent, and boiler blowdown effluent streams, copper, zinc and iron are required to be monitored thrice weekly at fossil-fuelled and nuclear-powered generating stations. In cases where total copper, zinc and iron are required to be monitored thrice weekly at fossil- fuelled thermal generating stations, total metals are required on a weekly basis instead of monthly. This is in recognition of the fact that fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations plan to ship their samples to outside laboratories equipped with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) devices. Although iron is not a priority pollutant on the EMPPL, it is required to be monitored as a key parameter of concern for this Sector. These requirements reflect the results of the pre-regulation monitoring data and the approach taken by U.S. EPA to control the discharge of these parameters. The pollutants result through concentration in the boiler water demineraiizing process or as a result of scale buildup. 3) Weekly i) Conventional Pollutants Weekly monitoring data for conventional pollutants will be used to determine the need for further monitoring for a given compound and to establish the appropriate monitoring frequency to allow the generation of data for future limits setting and control and may be used to establish limits. Weekly data will also be used to provide estimates of both monthly and long term loadings for reporting to other jurisdictions. The following is a summary of the weekly monitoring requirements on a category basis: Fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations are required to monitor certain process effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, total phosphorus, solvent extractables and phenolics. Nuclear-powered thermal generating stations are required to monitor certain process effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: ammonia plus ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, sulphide, solvent extractables and phenolics. The facilities associated with nuclear power generation are required to monitor certain process effluent, batch discharge effluent, boiler blowdown effluent and combined effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, total phosphorus, total suspended solids, phenolics and solvent extractables. ii) Priority Pollutants Priority pollutants, listed in the EPG Sector List (Table 3 of Appendix 2), which were found at least once in the databases available to the fvlinistry above the Ministry MDL but below the long-term weighted means listed by the U.S. EPA for the Organic Chemicals BATEA facilities (Table 8 in Appendix 2), were placed in the weekly monitoring category. Monthly i) Conventional Pollutants Monthly monitoring for conventional pollutants is required for all process effluent, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams in the respective categories and associated facilities. The following is a summary of the monthly monitoring requirements on a category basis: Fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations are required to monitor certain process, and boiler blowdown effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: ammonia plus ammonium, total kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), phenolics and solvent extractables. Nuclear-powered thermal generating stations are required to monitor certain process effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: nitrates plus nitrites and solvent extractables. The facilities associated with nuclear power generation are required to monitor certain process effluent, batch discharge effluent, boiler blowdown effluent discharge effluent and combined effluent streams for some or all of the following parameters: ammonia plus ammonium, total kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS), phenolics and solvent extractables. ii) Priority Pollutants Monthly monitoring data for both conventional and priority pollutants will be used to establish the presence or absence of the pollutant. Any one pollutant found above the Ministry MDL in the databases available to the Ministry in a process effluent, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent or boiler blowdown effluent stream triggered the assignment of the whole analytical test group for monthly monitoring. In this way, the possibility of detecting similar compounds was selectively increased on the basis of at least one detection of an analytical test group member without the need to analyze for all of the other analytical test groups at a greater frequency for each effluent each month. Knowledge of raw material usage, by-products, and products could also initiate monthly monitoring even if the parameters did not appear in the databases examined by the Ministry staff. B) EVENT DISCHARGE EFFLUENT The frequency of event discharges could vary from about once per week to twelve times per year. Monitoring of event discharge effluent will provide an estimation of the impact of loadings from these discharges and also assess the efficiency of wastewater treatment systems. Event discharges are required to be monitored during discharge at a minimum frequency of once per month. There are no event discharges at hydraulic generating stations. Fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations are required to monitor event discharge effluent for the following group of parameters: pH, specific conductance, ammonia plus ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS), total metals, iron, hydrides, hexavalent chromium, mercury, phenolics, solvent extractables and neutral chlorinated extractables. Nuclear-powered thermal generating stations are required to monitor event discharge effluent for the following group of parameters: pH, specific conductance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), copper, zinc, iron, phenolics and solvent extractables. The facilities associated with nuclear power generation are required to monitor event discharge effluent for the following group of parameters: pH. specific conductance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total suspended solids (TSS), aluminum, copper, molybdenum, mercury, sulphide. PCB's, diethanolamine and solvent extractables. C) BATCH DISCHARGE EFFLUENT Batch discharge effluent results from batch discharges of the Radioactive Liquid Waste Management System Tanks at the nuclear-powered thermal generating stations and the Waste Treatment Centre at Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories. There are no batch discharges at any other facilities in the EPG sector. The expected frequency of these discharges are about three per day, or one hundred per month per station. Monitoring of batch discharge effluents will provide an estimation of the impact of loadings from these discharges. Batch discharges are required to be monitored regularly. Batch discharges are required to be monitored at nuclear-powered thermal generating stations for the following group of parameters: pH, specific conductance, ammonia plus ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite, TOC, DOC, total phosphorus, TSS, Total metals, hexavalent chromium, sulphide, halogenated volatiles, neutral chlorinated extractables, solvent extractables, PCB's, Iron, and chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (at Pickering NGS-A and NGS-B only). Batch discharges are required to be monitored at the Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories for the following parameters: pH, specific conductance, ammonia plus ammonium, nitrate plus nitrite, DOC, TOC, total phosphorus, TSS, Total metals, hexavalent chromium, mercury, phenolics, non-halogenated volatiles, solvent extractables and iron. D) ONCE-THROUGH COOLING WATER (OTCW) With the exception of hydraulic generating stations, certain categories of the generating stations or associated facilities are required to monitor once- through cooling water on a monthly basis for the following core group of parameters: pH, specific conductance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS) and solvent extractables. The average daily intake and once-through cooling water (outfall) temperature are also required to be monitored in order to determine the temperature rise across the stations. At certain fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations where periodic chlorination of condenser once-through cooling water is practiced, the total residual oxidants (TRO) shall be monitored at a representative condenser cooling water discharge. Additionally, priority pollutants and other conventional parameters are required to be monitored in cases where a parameter is above the Ministry MDL in the pre-regulation monitoring data in order to provide an indication of the potential contamination from the contributing process effluent and combined effluent streams. Hydraulic generating stations are required to monitor once-through cooling water streams for the following parameters: pH, specific conductance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids and solvent extractables. In addition, PCB's are required to be monitored because of the potential for contamination from station transformers. E) STORM WATER The purpose of monitoring storm water is to provide an estimate of the impact of loadings from these discharges on receiving watercourses in relation to process and combined effluent discharges, and to determine whether more intensive monitoring or corrective action may be required in the future. The majority of the generating stations and associated facilities have no storm water segregation/treatment systems. The storm sewers discharge into receiving watercourses through culverts or drains, or into once-through cooling water streams. Storm water is required to be monitored for at least one storm event per month or at such a frequency as to provide 12 data points in a year. Failure to monitor an effluent stream in a given month will require two samples to be collected in the next month. At least 2 of the 12 data points must be obtained in the winter or spring months during periods of thaw. This will provide some insight into the potential for contamination from runoff during the winter. Storm water effluents at all generating stations and associated facilities are required to be monitored for the following group of core parameters: pH, specific conductance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids and solvent extractables. Other pollutants are required to be monitored in cases where a parameter is found above the Ministry MDL in the databases available to the Ministry. In cases where there was no data available, best professional judgement was used to reflect the potential for contamination from process areas or from developed areas of the station or facility. Where similar developed areas of a station are being drained, representative storm water monitoring will be permitted as determined at the Initial Report stage of the program. F) COAL PILE EFFLUENT The purpose of monitoring coal pile effluent at thie fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations is to provide an estimate of the impact of loadings from these discharges on receiving watercourses in relation to process effluent discharges, and to determine whether more intensive monitoring or corrective action may be required in the future. Coal pile effluent streams have been identified as having a significant potential impact because of the nature of the contaminants. Coal pile effluent is generally collected and treated. In cases where treatment is available in a coal pile treatment system, the treatment system effluent is required to be monitored as an event discharge. Where treatment is provided by an ash transport system which combines the ooal pile effluent with effluent from other processes, monitoring of effluent from the ash transport system will provide an indication of the potential impact of the coal pile effluent. The requirement to monitor before and after treatment reflects the fact that coal pile effluent is largely diluted in both types of treatment systems. Coal pile effluent is required to be monitored for at least one event per month or at such a frequency as to provide 12 data points in a year. Failure to monitor an effluent stream in a given month will require two samples to be collected in the following month. At least 2 of the 12 data points must be obtained in the winter or spring months during periods of thaw. This will provide some insight into the potential for contamination from runoff during the winter. Coal pile effluent streams are required to be monitored for the following group of parameters: pH, specific conductance, ammonia plus ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS), total metals, iron, hydrides, hexavalent chromium, mercury, phenolics, solvent extractables and neutral chlorinated extractables. Other pollutants are required to be monitored in cases where a parameter is found above the Ministry MDL in the databases available to the Ministry. In cases where no database is available, best professional judgement was used. G) WASTE DISPOSAL SITE EFFLUENT The purpose of monitoring waste disposal site effluent is to provide an estimate of the impact of loadings from these discharges on receiving watercourses in relation to process effluent and combined effluent discharges, and to determine whether more intensive monitoring or corrective action may be required in the future. The majority of the generating stations and facilities have no waste disposal site effluent collection systems. Waste disposal site effluent is required to be monitored at the time of discharge, on an event basis. There are no waste disposal sites at any of the fossil-fuelled or nuclear-powered thermal generating stations, or hydraulic generating stations to be monitored. Waste disposal site effluents at facilities associated with nuclear power generation are required to be monitored for the following parameters: pH, specific conductance, ammonia plus ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS), phenolics and solvent extractables. Other pollutants are required to be monitored in cases where a parameter is found above the Ministry MDL in the databases available to the Ministry. In cases where there was no data available, best professional judgement was used. H) POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED BUILDING EFFLUENT AND EQUIPMENT CLEANING EFFLUENT Potentially contaminated building effluents are effluents originating from floor drains, equipment drains and trenches which discharge into sumps. Equipment cleaning effluents are generated infrequently from the cleaning of boilers, air preheaters and heat exchangers. These effluents are generally not collected in a collection system, but are discharged directly to once-through cooling water, yard drains or lagoons. The purpose of monitoring these effluents is to provide an estimate of the impact of loadings from these discharges on receiving watercourses in relation to process effluent discharges, and to determine whether more intensive monitoring or corrective action or possible limits are required. Potentially contaminated building effluent and equipment cleaning effluent at all generating stations and associated facilities are required to monitor for the following core parameters: pH, specific conductance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS), copper, zinc, iron and solvent extractables. Other pollutants are required to be monitored in cases where a parameter is found above the Ministry MDL in the databases available to the Ministry. In cases where there was no data available, best professional judgement was used. I) EMERGENCY OVERFLOWS Emergency overflows are process effluents which by-pass their intended destination because of unforeseen emergencies, or equipment outages, and are directed to a surface watercourse without any treatment. The purpose of monitoring emergency overflows is to estimate the potential impact on the environment and to record the number of such occurrences for possible remedial action. Emergency overflow effluent streams are required to be monitored for the following core group of parameters: pH, specific conductance, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total organic carbon (TOC), ammonia plus ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, total phosphorus, total suspended solids (TSS), copper, zinc, iron and solvent extractables. The specific rules for all effluent streams are summarized in Table 7 of Appendix 2. XIV CHARACTERIZATION Characterization is the quantitative determination of a number of conventional pollutants and all of the pollutants on the EPG Sector List using the analytical techniques specified in the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. All of the generating stations in the EPG Sector are required to perform quarterly characterization analyses on each of their process effluent, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, event discharge effluent and batch discharge effluent streams. The characterization requirements include 15 conventional pollutants, 136 EPG Sector List pollutants and 3 sector-specific pollutants, all of which are shown in Table 3 of Appendix 2. In addition, temperature and temperature rise of once-through cooling water effluent in certain categories shall be monitored. The primary purpose of characterization is to establish the presence or absence of pollutants in all of the EPG Sector process effluent, combined effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, batch discharge effluent and event discharge effluent streams. Characterization data and flow information may also be used to provide estimates of annual loadings of parameters for comparison among the MISA industrial sectors. Characterization data may also indicate if a change of monitoring frequency may be required (in the future) for a given parameter. This may lead to more or less intensive monitoring of a given parameter from the EPG Sector List. In order to determine the appropriate frequency for characterization monitoring, use was made of statistical analyses. The pre-regulation monitoring program produced up to three rounds of characterization data. The Ministry's inspection characterizations - one during the pre-regulation monitoring program period and two to be done within the regulation period will provide additional characterization data. Thus, a database of up to six characterizations will exist to augment the requirements under the monitoring regulation. From the statistical data shown in Table 9 of Appendix 2, it is clear that for a given parameter that is present 50% of the time or greater in an effluent, the probability of finding the contaminant is very high whether twelve samples (99.9% probability) or four samples (93.7% probability) are taken. B-35 The probability of detecting less frequently occurring parameters that are present 1% of the time is less than 12% whether two, seven, eleven, or twelve characterizations are carried out (see Table 9 in Appendix 2). Parameters in analytical test group 24 (chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans) will also be required for quarterly characterization. The characterization requirements in the monitoring regulation are augmented by open characterization analyses which are required quarterly on all of the process effluent, combined effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, event discharge effluent and batch discharge effluent streams. XV OPEN CHARACTERIZATION Open characterization will provide tentative identification of both organic compounds and inorganic elements that are not currently on the EPG Sector List. Use is made of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and inductively coupled plasma procedures or atomic emission spectroscopy to obtain the data. Open characterization will be used to identify parameters in process effluent, combined effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, event discharge effluent and batch discharge effluent streams and will be used to provide candidate compounds for hazard assessment for potential addition to EMPPL. In this way, open characterization data, when combined with characterization data, will provide a more relevant parameter list for future monitoring and control. The relatively modest incremental cost of running open characterization analyses in conjunction with characterization analyses, and the large return in terms of data produced, is a strong justification for requiring open characterization in the monitoring regulation. The detection limit achievable for open characterization of organic compounds will depend upon the sample size, concentration factor, efficiency of extraction from the original matrix, GC/MS conditions, overall complexity of the sample, degree of chromatographic resolution from other co-extractives and the mass spectral characteristics of specific compounds. In some cases, compounds extracted from a 1 .0 L sample may be identifiable at concentrations as low as 1 - 5 parts per billion (ppb). In other cases, identification may require concentrations of components to be 50 ppb or greater. In the majority of the cases, 10-20 ppb concentrations should be detectable. XVI TOXICITY TESTING Biological testing of effluents is required along with chiemical testing in order to provide an indication of the interaction that may occur between the various components of an effluent stream and of the potential impact on the receiving watercourse. Two different types of toxicity tests are required to be conducted: a 96-hour Rainbow Trout acute lethality toxicity test (fish toxicity test) and a Daphnia magna acute lethality toxicity test. These tests are full series dilution tests and are conducted according to protocols available in documents from the Ministry (11, 12). The Ministry has reviewed results from fish toxicity and Daphnia magna acute lethality toxicity tests conducted on the same effluent samples. It was concluded that rainbow trout and Daphnia magna differ in their sensitivity to some effluents and therefore the use of both tests will provide valuable information on the toxicity of the effluents. Both toxicity tests are required to be performed on all process effluent, combined effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, event discharge effluent and batch discharge effluent streams at a station on a monthly basis. For all effluent streams other than boiler blowdown effluent, for fish toxicity tests only, in the event that 3 consecutive monthly tests result in mortality for no more than two out of ten fish, the subsequent monthly tests may be performed on undiluted effluent on a pass/fail basis. If more than two fish die in any pass/fail test, full dilution series tests are again required. The allowance to use a pass/fail test again is permitted where a further three tests result in mortality for no more than two out of ten fish. The Daphnia magna acute lethality toxicity test must be conducted monthly using the full series dilutions at all times. Quarterly toxicity testing is required for all once-through cooling water streams. The large dilution of process effluents with cooling water may mask any contaminants of concern. Therefore, effluent toxicity testing may be the most appropriate means to assess the impact of these effluent streams. Process effluent, combined effluent, event discharge effluent, boiler blowdown effluent and batch discharge effluent streams will be tested without pH adjustment. While the undiluted effluent may be predictably lethal primarily due to pH alone, the series of dilutions required under the tests will isolate the pH effect and allow the calculation of an LC50 value. XVII QUALITY ASSURANCE / QUALITY CONTROL Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) encompasses all of the procedures undertaken to ensure that data produced are generated within known probability limits of accuracy and precision. Quality assurance is the overall verification program which provides producers and users of data the assurance that predefined standards of quality at predetermined levels of confidence are met. Quality assurance is comprised of two elements: quality control and quality assessment. Quality control is the overall system of guidelines, procedures and practices which are designed to regulate and control the quality of products or services with regards to previously established performance criteria and standards. Quality assessment is the overall system of activities which ensure that quality control is being performed effectively. This is carried out immediately following quality control and involves evaluation and auditing of quality control data to ensure the success of the quality control program. QA/QC is one of the most important aspects of the MISA monitoring regulations. The QA/QC program includes many small but essential activities ranging from: proving the cleanliness of sample bottles and using proper sampling equipment, containers and preservatives; to instrument calibration, validation of authenticity of standards, inclusion of blanks, spikes and controls in analytical runs; to documenting performance and participation in external round-robins; and, to defining the proper method for reporting a final data number. Omission of one of these activities can lead to unreliable data resulting in improper conclusions and perhaps inappropriate actions. The financial stakes riding on the monitoring regulation data are too high to compromise the generated data with inadequate QA/QC. The QA/QC program therefore requires both analytical QA/QC and field QA/QC. The analytical QA/QC is to be undertaken by the laboratories performing the analyses for all parameters to be monitored under the regulation. The field QA/QC is required on one process effluent or combined effluent stream at each station at monthly and quarterly frequencies for each of the parameters to be monitored in that stream. Each of the QA/QC samples will provide different information on the quality of the samples and analytical procedures used. XVIII FLOW MEASUREMENT Accurate flow measurements are essential for the determination of contaminant loadings to surface watercourses. As process effluent, event discharge effluent and batch discharge effluent streams have the greatest potential for impacting the environment, and as such have the most stringent monitoring requirements, flow measurement requirements for process effluent event discharge effluent and batch discharge streams are the most stringent. An accuracy of +7% is required for flow measurement of all process effluent event discharge effluent and batch discharge effluent streams under the monitoring regulation. The process event discharge effluent or batch discharge flow measurement accuracy requirement is broken down to +5% of the actual flow for the primary flow measuring device and +2% of full scale flow for the secondary flow measuring device. As event discharge effluent do not require continuous flow measurement, the flow may be estimated within above accuracies. B-38 The accuracy of the flow measuring system will be ±9% of the actual flow at one half of the design flow and +13% of the actual flow at one quarter of the design flow. Therefore, the flow of process effluent streams will be measured from +7% or +13% of the actual flow for the design range of the measuring system. An existing flow measuring system installed on a process effluent stream should meet the above requirements unless flow calibration indicates that the device is not capable of achieving the required flow measurement accuracy. In these cases, an accuracy of +15% of the actual flow is permitted. Since boiler blowdown is considered to be a process effluent stream for the purposes of the General Regulation, a flow measurement accuracy of ±7% is also required. However, two phase flow in discharge lines from the boiler may result in inaccurate flow measurements. Therefore, an alternate flow measurement method based on demineralized water makeup and/or calculation from makeup tank level difference is acceptable. Since batch discharges from the RLWMS Tanks are considered to be process effluent for the purposes of the General Regulation, a flow measurement accuracy of ±7% is required. Since flow can be calculated accurately from the geometry of the tank and level difference of effluent discharged, such an approach is acceptable. All other effluent streams, except storm water and coal pile effluent, including combined effluent, and once-through cooling water require a flow measurement accuracy of +20% of the actual flow, which allows for the use of flow estimation using water balance calculations and pumping rates. Method of measuring or estimating storm water and coal pile effluent including accuracy of the method utilized to be specified by the discharger in the initial report. XIX ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE MONITORING REGULATION The physical and economic dimensions of the Electric Power Generation Sector have been documented in the report, "Economic and Financial Profile of the Ontario Electric Power Generation Industry", September 1989 (13). This report concludes that the financial health of Ontario Hydro, which operates virtually all of the electric power generation facilities in Ontario, is generally strong. The only concern that may be derived from the agency's financial statements is the very large, long term debt which Ontario Hydro has incurred to build nuclear power plants. Much of this debt is with foreign lenders as well. Medium and long term prospects for Ontario Hydro depend on the performance of the economy in general. On the other hand, Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. (AECL) has experienced decreased total revenues and an increase in after-tax profit from 1983 through 1987. While, AECL's financial position remains profitable, the Corporation is presently undergoing restructuring which involves "privatization" of some of its operations. A second report, entitled "Monitoring Cost Estimates and their Implications for Direct Dischargers in the Electrical Generation Sector.", December 1989 (14), will present estimates and implications of the incremental costs to Ontario Hydro and AECL because of the monitoring regulation requirements. Ministry staff have generated estimates of routine analysis, characterization and toxicity test costs based on commercial laboratory analysis prices in order to be consistent and comparable with other firms and sectors. Since Ontario Hydro will be carrying out many of the tests themselves, the actual costs for the analyses may be somewhat lower. The cost estimates are based on the site-specific monitoring schedules for the 24 stations and associated facilities, of which 21 are owned by Ontario Hydro and three facilities are owned by AECL, that are subject to the Regulation. Because of uncertainties and contingencies, both range and point estimates of costs have been produced. A point estimate is a single-valued estimate of the relevant costs based on specific assumptions and computational procedures. A factor of + 15% has been used to estimate the potential range of costs. Capital and operating cost estimates have been generated for the following monitoring functions: Sampling and Sample Transportation Flow Measurement Chemical Analysis - Routine - Characterization Toxicity Testing Reporting and Supervision For Ontario Hydro, tentative point estimates of the total incremental monitoring costs are summarized in Table 1 , below. These estimates are subject to further review and revision as additional information is forthcoming. Monitorinq Function Sampling Operatinq & Maintenance 1.8 ($, million) Capital 2.8 Sample Transportation 0.2 Flow Measurement 0.2 1.2 Analytical Routine Characterization Toxicity Testing 3.9* 0.9* 0.5* 1.5 Reporting 0.3 0.1 SuDervision 0^1 - TOTAL 8.0 5.6 * These costs reflect commercial laboratory rates. **Other sectors have not identified these costs separately Using an uncertainty and contingency factor of + 15%, the total operating costs to Ontario Hydro could range from $ 6.8 million to $ 9.2 million while capital expenditure could vary from $ 4.8 million to $ 6.4 million. Using the point estimates shown in Table 1 . the average total operating and capital cost per station is about $ 570 000. Point estimates of the monitoring costs for AECL are summarized in Table 2., below. Table 2 Monitorinq Function Sampling Operatmq & Maintenance ($) 171 000 Capital ($) 250 000 Sample Transportation 8 000 Flow Measurement 5 000 120 000 Analytical Routine Characterization Toxicity Testing 293 000* 47 000* 24 000* Reporting 65 000 60 000 Supervision 30 000** 643 000 TOTAL 430 000 * These costs reflect commercial laboratory rates. **Other sectors have not identified these costs separately Using a range of + 15%, total incremental capital and operating costs could vary from $ 935 000 to $ 1 265 000. These estimates will also likely be revised somewhat. Total incremental monitoring costs for the sector are expected to range from $ 12.4 million to 16.8 million. The average point estimate of total costs per station or associated facility will range from $ 477 000 to $ 646 000. The estimated capital costs for the sector will likely range from $ 5.2 million to $ 7.0 million. Ontario Hydro accounts for over 93% of the total estimated capital costs. Operating costs are estimated to range from $ 7.2 million to $ 9.8 million. Ontario Hydro will need to raise additional revenue to cover the monitoring costs. Depending on whether or not total capital costs are depreciated, Ontario Hydro will require between $ 10 million and $ 14 million in extra revenue during the 12 month monitoring period of the Regulation. Assuming that Ontario Hydro is able to pass on total incremental operating costs and a capitalized portion of the capital cost as higher electricity r.ites, actual electricity rates could increase by as much as 0.2%. Ontano Hydro has not identified these costs as a problem. Based on previous financial results, the incremental costs of monitoring are not expected to have any adverse financial effects on Ontario Hydro or AECL. REFERENCES (1) Statistics Canada, Standard Industrial Classification - 1980, (Repnnted 1985). (2) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "1987 Report on the Industrial Direct Discharges in Ontario", October 1988. (3) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "Water Management: Goals, Policies, Objectives and Implementation Procedures of the Ministry of the Environment", November 1978 (Revised May 1984). (4) Environment Canada, Environmental Codes of Practice for the Steam Electric Power Generation - Design Phase - Report EPS 1/PG/1, March 1985. (5) Environment Canada, Appendices - Environmental Codes of Practice for Steam Electric Power Generation - Design Phase - Report EPS 1/PG/1 A. (6) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "A Policy and Program Statement of the Government of Ontario on Controlling Municipal and Industrial Discharges into Surface Waters", June 1986. (7) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, "Development Document for Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards and Pretreatment Standards for the Steam Electric Point Source Category", Washington D.C., November 1982 (EPA -440/1-82/029) (8) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "The Effluent Monitoring Priority Pollutants List (1987)", July 1988. (9) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "The Effluent Monitoring Priority Pollutants List - 1988 Update", March 1989. (1 0) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "Preliminary Report - St. Clair River MISA Pilot Site Investigation", Volume 1 : Part I, November 1987. (1 1) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "Protocol to Determine the Acute Lethality of Liquid Effluents to Fish", July 1983. (12) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "Daphnia magna Acute Lethality Toxicity Test", April 1988. (13) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "Economic and Financial Profile of the Ontario Electric Power Generation Industry", September 1989. (14) Ontario Ministry of the Environment, "Monitoring Cost Estimates and their Implications for Direct Dischargers in the Electrical Generation Sector.", December 1989. APPENDIX 1 ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR SITE DATA Individual site descriptions of Electric Power Generation Sector companies are provided in this section. Information such as the site location, type, generating capacity, water flowrates, number of employees, and effluent treatment are provided. A legend of the abbreviations used in this section to identify various effluent streams is presented below: Legend BBE boiler blowdown effluent BDE batch discharge eftluent CE combined effluent CPE coal pile effluent ECE equipment cleaning effluent EDE event discharge effluent EO emergency overflow effluent OTCW once-through cooling water P process effluent PCBE potentially-contaminated building effluent SW storm water WD waste disposal site effluent The streams identified in the following descriptions are those which are known to exist at the various sites, and may not always correspond to the streams to be monitored in the EPG Regulation. Ontario Hydro Hvdraulic Generatina Stations: Site: Aguasabon GS Location: Aguasabon River, near Terrace Bay History: built in 1948 Type: 2 units, large vertical Capacity: 44 MW Employees: none (remote operation) Wastewater Treatment: None OTCW: bearing cooling water PCBE: powerhouse sumps SW: unit transformer drainage switchyard drainage Site: Arnprior GS Location: Madawaska River, near Arnprior History: completed in 1976 Type: 2 units, large vertical Capacity: 80 MW Employees: none (remote operation) Wastewater Treatment: None OTCW: PCBE: SW: bearing cooling water powerhouse sumps unit transformer drainage switchyard drainage Site: Sir Adam Beck No. 2 GS Location: Niagara River, south of Queenston History: first unit placed in service 1954, last unit in 1958 Type: 16 units, large vertical Capacity: 1.328 MW Employees: 80 Wastewater Treatment: None OTCW: bearing cooling water transformer cooling water PCBE: powerhouse sumps SW: unit transformer drainage switchyard drainage Site: Decew Falls NF 23 GS Location: Old Welland Ship Canal, in St. Catharines History: completed in 1943 Type: 2 units, large vertical Capacity: 144 MW Employees: none (remote operation) Wastewater Treatment: None OTCW: bearing cooling water transformer cooling water PCBE: powerhouse sumps SW: unit transformer drainage switchyard drainage Site: Pine Portage GS Location: Nipigon River, at outlet of Lake Nipigon History: first unit in service 1950, last unit in 1954 Type: 4 units, large vertical Capacity: 132 MW Employees: none (remote operation) Wastewater Treatment: None OTCW: bearing cooling water PCBE: powerhouse sumps SW: unit transformer / switchyard drainage Site: Silver Falls GS Location: Kamanistikwia River, Thunder Bay History: completed in 1959 Type: 1 unit, large vertical Capacity: 48 MW Employees: none (remote operation) Wastewater Treatment: None OTCW: bearing cooling water PCBE: powerhouse sumps SW: unit transfomner drainage switchyard drainage Fossil-Fuelled Thermal Generating Stations: Site: AtikokanTGS Location: between Moose Lake and Snow Lake, 16 km north of Atikokan History: placed in service 1985 Type: 1 unit, coal (1986 tonnage) western Canadian lignite - 250,000t Capacity Flowrate: 200 MW condenser cooling water 5^3 x 10^ m^/d avg. service water 6.2 x 10 nT^/d avg. EmiDloyees: 55 Wastewater Treatment: None BBE: CPE: EO: OTCW: P: PCBE: Primary ECE: PCBE: SW: Secondary n/a boiler blowdown coal pile effluent asfi transport water system (ATWS) emergency overflow - to clean floor drains condenser cooling water (CCW) neutralizing sump effluent - to clean floor drains clean floor drains, crusher and dumper house sumps, CCW pumphouse drains yard drains, unit transformer area drains roof drains - to clean floor drains air preheater washes, boiler internal washdowns - to ATWS boiler acid cleaning wastes - neutralization ATWS (furnace ash. pyrites) - clarification / filtration (in treatment plant) oil contaminated floor drains, transformer fire pits - oily water separation water treatment plant wastes - neutralization sanitary sewage - primary lagoons solids contaminated floor drains - to ATWS ash storage area - to solids contaminated floor drains Site: Location: History: Type: Capacity: Flowrate: Lakeview TGS Lake Ontario, in Mississauga (west of Toronto) first unit commissioned in 1 961 , last unit in 1 968 8 units, coal (1986 tonnage) medium sulphur U.S. bituminous - 787,000t 2,400 MW condenser cooling wat^, 5-6x10° m^/d avg. service water, 3.7 x 10^ m^/d max. Employees: 500 Wastewater Treatment: BBE: EO: OTCW: PCBE: SW: Primary ECE: EDE: P: SW: boiler blowdown coal pile effluent emergency overflow - to intake channel ash transport water system (ATWS) emergency overflow - to outfall condenser cooling water (CCW) powerhouse (boiierhouse) floor drains - to CCW unit transformer area drains - to north yard drains north and south yard drains, switchyard drainage boiler acid wash effluent - to coal pile treatment system air preheater wash effluent - to ATWS coal pile / ash storage site effluent - clarification / neutralization (in coal pile drainage pond) ATWS (furnace ash, pyrites) - clarification / filtration (in ash settling pond and filter units) water treatment plant wastes - neutralization neutralizing sump effluent - to ATWS powerhouse (turt)ine hall) floor drains, condenser pit sump effluent - oily water separation CCW pumphouse floor drains - oily water separation south yard drains units 5 & 6 (flyash silo area) - to ATWS Secondary n/a (sanitary sewage to municipal system) Site: Location: History: Type; Capacity: Flowrate: Employees: Lambton TGS St. Clair River, south of Courtright first unit put in sen/ice 1969, last unit in 1970 4 units, coal (1986 tonnage) - regular sulpfiur U.S. bituminous - 2.2 x 10°t low sulphur U.S. bituminous - 315,000t condenser cooling watqr, S-65 x 10° rrr/6 avg. service water, 3.5 x 10 m^/d avg. 350 Wastewater Treatment: BBE: CPE: EO: OTCW: PCBE: SW: Primary ECE: EDE: P: Secondary n/a boiler blowdown coal pile effluent - to Bowman's Pit ash transport water system (ATWS) emergency overflow - to south yard drains condenser cooling water (CCW) service water open cooling system discharges - to powerhouse floor drains main transformer cooling water - to yard drains powerhouse floor drains (boilerhouse and turbine hall) - north drains to river, south drains to CCW CCW pumphouse floor drains north and south yard drains roof drains, unit transformer area drains, switchyard drainage - to yard drains boiler acid washes - neutralization (in acid pond) air preheater washes, sootblowing - to ATWS coal pile effluent from Bowman's Pit - clarification / neutralization (in Lake Lambton) ATWS (fumace ash. pyrites, economizer ash) - clarification / filtration water treatment plant wastes - neutralization neutralizing sump wastes - to ATWS sanitary sewage - primary lagoons ash storage site surface runoff - clarification / neutralization (in Lake Lambton) Site: Lennox TGS Location: Lake Ontario, southwest of Kingston History: first unit commissioned in 1976. last unit in 1977 units 3.4 mothiballed in 1980, units 1,2 in 1982 units 1 .2 recommissioned in 1 987, unit 4 in 1 988 unit 3 to be recommissioned in 1989 4 units, oil (low-sulphur residual or crude) 2,240 MW condenser cooling water, "^x 1 service water, 4.9 x 10 m*^/d r Employees: 55 Type: Capacity Flowrate: ^^x 10^ nv^/d per unit, max. max. Wastewater Treatment: BBE: OTCW: PCBE: SW: Primary ECE: SW: boiler blowdown condenser cooling water (CCW) main transformer cooling water - to yard drains powerhouse floor drains and utility drains - to CCW via non-contaminated sumps CCW pumphouse drains - to CCW east and west yard drains switchyard drainage - to east yard drain precipitator roof drains - to yard drains boiler acid washes and chemical cleaning - neutralization (in acid pond) unit preheater wash effluent - neutralization / clarification (2 lagoons) powerhouse oil contaminated sumps, tank farm contaminated sumps - oily water separation water treatment plant wastes - neutralization / clarification neutralizing sump wastes - discharge to east yard drain sanitary sewage - 2 lagoons tank farm and yard drainage (potentially oily water) - oily water separation Secondary P: sanitary sewage - secondary lagoon Site: Location: History: Type: Capacity: FIcwrate: Nanticoke TGS Lake Ene, east of Port Dover station completed in 1978 8 units, coal (blended, 1986 tonnage) western Canadian bituminous - 1.66 x 10 t regular sulphur U.S. bituminous - 3.04 x 10 t 4,096 MW condenser cooling water 7.75 x 10° m^/d max. service water, 1.03 x 10° m'^/d max. Employees: 550 Wastewater Treatment: BBE: EO: OTCW: P: PCBE: SW: Primary CPE: EGE: WD: Secondary n/a boiler blowdown overflows from boiler and air heater cleaning - to CCW condenser cooling water (CCW) equipment cooling water - to floor drains ash transport water system (ATWS) line drainage - to north yard drains powerhouse floor drains (boilerhouse and turbine hall) - to CCW via service water sump CCW pumphouse floor drains - to forebay yard drains, north yard drains - to lake coal pile effluent - to ash lagoon via sump air preheater and boiler wash wastes, boiler acid wash waste - to ash lagoon water treatment plant wastes - neutralization neutralizing sump wastes - to ash lagoon ATWS (furnace ash, pyrites and flyash) - sedimentation / neutralization / precipitation / adsorption / evaporation (in ash lagoon) sanitary sewage - lagoon sewage lagoon effluent - to coal pile effluent sump ash storage area effluent and leachate - to ash lagoon Site: Thunder Bay TGS Location: Lake Superior and Mission River, in Thunder Bay History: station completed in 1963, unit 1 mothballed immediately unit 1 placed in service in 1966 construction started on units 2 and 3 in 1975 unit 2 put in service in 1 981 , unit 3 in 1 982 unit 1 mothballed in 1984 Type: 2 units, coal (1986 tonnage) western Canadian lignite or bituminous - 844.000t Capacity: 300 MW (one 100 MW unit mothballed) Flowrate: condenser cooling watqr, "LI x 10 vrr/d max. service water. 7.5 x 10^ m'^/d max. Employees: 350 Wastewater Treatment: None BBE: EO: OTCW: P: PCBE: SW: Primary CPE: ECE: WD: Secondary P: boiler blowdown - to intake channel ash transport water system (ATWS) emergency overflow condenser cooling water (CCW) neutralizing sump wastes, brine saturator overflow stores / maintenance area drains, roof drains / condenser pit sumps, trash rack effluent clean yard drains - to intake channel coal pile effluent - to ATWS via pond air preheater wash effluent, boiler internal washdowns, boiler acid cleaning wastes - to ATWS water treatment plant wastes - neutralization ATWS (fumace ash and pyrites) - clarification / filtration flyash removal system (blowdown) effluent - to ATWS boilerhouse drains, crusher house drains - to ATWS turbine hall floor drains, transformer fire pit drainage - oily water separation equipment garage drains, maintenance garage drains, refuelling area drains - oily water separation combustion turbine unit drains - oil trap ash disposal site effluent - to ATWS sanitary sewage - conventional activated sludge plant A1-10 Mothballed Thermal Generating Stations: Site: R.L. Hearn TGS Location: Lake Ontario, in Toronto History: first coal-burning unit placed in service in 1951, last unit in 1961 converted to natural gas from Sept. 1971 to Mar. 1972 station mothballed in 1983 units 6 & 7 presently operated as synchronous condensers Type: 8 units, 4 units (200 MW each) - coal (U.S. bituminous) or natural gas 4 units (100 MW each) - natural gas Capacity: 1,200 MW (mothballed) Flowrate: condenser cooling wat^, 5.44 x 10 m^/d service water, 5.440 m^/d Employees: 6 Wastev/ater Treatment: None OTCW: PCBE: SW: Primary condenser cooling water (CCW) equipment cooling water - to floor drains powerhouse floor drains - to discharge channel via sumps CCW pumphouse drains, trash rack effluent - to ship turning channel switchyard drainage, yard drains, roof drains, reclaimed coal storage area, catch basins 6. 7 & 8 n/a Secondary n/a (sanitary sewage to municipal system) Site: J.C. Keith TGS Location: Detroit River, in Windsor History: first unit placed in service in 1952, last unit in 1953 station mothballed in 1984 switchyard still operational Type: 4 units, coal (U.S. bituminous) Capacity: 264 MW Flowrate: condenser cooling water n/a service water n/a Employees: none Wastewater Treatment: None SW: Primary n/a Secondary n/a switchyard drainage former coal storage area, yard drainage - to river via ash lagoon and weirs (primary and secondary) Nuclear-Powered Thermal Generating Stations: Site: Location: History: Type: Capacity: Flowrate: Bruce NGS-A/B Lake Huron, at Tiverton NGS-A, first unit put in service 1977, last unit in 1979 NGS-B, first unit put in sen/ice 1 984, last in 1 987 4 units each, uranium oxide fuelled (natural) NGS-A, 3,056 MW NGS-B, 3,345 MW NGS-A, ,6 rr.3/. condenser cooling water 13 4 x 10 m^/d max service water, 1 .56 x 1 0 wr/d max. n6 m3/r NGS-B, condenser cooling water 1 7^ x 10 m"^/d max. service water, 1 .97 x 10° wr/d max. Employees: NGS-A, 780 / NGS-B, 730 Wastewater Treatment: BBE: BDE: OTCW: P: PCBE: Primary BDE: EDE: Secondary n/a boiler blowdown Radioactive Liquid Waste Management System (RLWMS) low activity effluents - to lake condenser cooling water (CCW) NGS-A filter and carbon filter backwash - to forebay inactive drainage (building, utility drains) - to CCW duct active drainage (building, utility drains) - to RLWMS Emergency Coolant Injection (EC!) System Accumulator Building effluent - to yard drains yard drains, switchyard drains, inactive drainage (roof drains) RLWMS high activity effluents - filtration oily water from sump - to RLWMS (after being drummed. transferred, and allowed to separate in holding tanks) water treatment plant wastes - neutralization (sanitary sewage to BNPD Sewage Processing Plant (SPP)) Site: Location: History: Type: Capacity: Flowrate: Darlington NGS Lake Ontario, at Bowmanville 1st unit not yet placed in service station expected to be completed in 1992 4 units, uranium oxide fuel (natural) (future) 3,524 MW condenser cooling water, \£).9 x 10° m^/d max. (future) service water, 2.2 x 10 m^/d max. 0^ m^/c j max. (future) Employees: (future) --850 Wastewater Treatment: BBE: BDE: OTCW: PCBE: boiler blowdown Radioactive Liquid Waste Management System (RLWMS) low activity effluents - to lake condenser cooling water (CCW) inactive drainage (building, utility drains) - to CCW duct active drainage (building, utility drains) - to RLWMS active effluents from Tritium Removal Facility - to RLWMS Emergency Coolant Injection (ECl) System effluent - to RLWMS CCW pumphouse (screenhouse) floor drains, water treatment building floor drains - to forebay yard drains, switchyard drains, inactive drainage (roof drains) RLWMS higfi activity effluents - filtration potentially oily sumps (building, switchyard) - oily water separation (in holding tanks) water treatment plant wastes - neutralization sanitary sewage - equalization / sedimentation / chlorination Secondary P: sanitary sewage - rotating biological contactor Primary BDE: EDE: Site: Location: History: Type: Capacity: Employees: Pickering NGS-A/B Lake Ontario, at Pickering NGS-A, 1st unit placed in service in 1971, 4th unit in service 1973 NGS-B, 1 St unit in service in 1 983, 4th unit in 1 985 4 units each, uranium oxide fuel (natural) NGS-A 2.060 MW NGS-B 2,064 MW NGS-A, NGS-B, 1,635 condenser cooling water, 9^3 x 10 Wi/6 max. service water, 1 .3 x 10 nT^/d max. condenser cooling water, 10.0 x 10 m^/dmax. service water, 1 .3 x 10 rrr/6 max. Wastewater 1 None BBE: BDE: Primary BDE: P: Secondary n/a boiler blowdown Radioactive Liquid Waste Management System (RLWMS) low activity effluents - to lake condenser cooling water (CCW) auxiliary irradiated fuel bay (AlFB) service water - to yard drains Sulzer A/B (heavy water upgrading plants) service water - to yard drains Upgrading Plant Pickering (UPP) service water - to NGS- A outfall inactive drainage (building, utility drains) - to CCW duct Emergency Coolant Injection (ECl) System (tunnel only) - to yard drains active drainage (building, utility drains, laundry) - to RLWMS yard drains, switchyard drains, inactive drainage (roof drains) RLWMS high activity effluent - filtration water treatment plant wastes - neutralization (sanitary sewage to municipal system) Associated Facilities: Site: Location: History: Type: Capacity: Flow rate: Bruce Heavy Water Plants Lake Huron, at Tiverton BHWP "A" put in service in 1973, shut down in 1984 BHWP "B" put in service 1981 BHWP "C" construction cancelled in 1976 BHWP "D" uncommissioned and mothballed in 1979 BHWP Common Services (CS) separation with H2S (Water / H2S Dual-Temperature Process), countercurrent contact vacuum distillation -800 tonnes/y process water, 1 .7 x 1 Qp nr/d avg. cooling water, 1 .2 x 10 m'^/d max. Employees: 450 Wastewater Treatment: OTCW: PCBE: P: SW: Primary EDE: Secondary n/a BHWP "B" and CS cooling water (CW) systems - to lake bearing water for pumps - to forebay noncontaminated drainage (including: degasser hotwell drainage, condensate blowdown drum, filter backwash water) - to lake via discharge channel process effluent (from enriching unit effluent strippers) - to lake (or to lake via process lagoon) BHWP "A" - to floodplain / BNPD-S combined outfall / Douglas Point outfall process drain intermittent stripper effluent, process effluent (from enriching unit effluent strippers) - agitation / aeration / degassing (process lagoon) BHWP "B", "C", "D" and part of CS yard drainage - sedimentation (in surface drainage lagoon) (domestic water/sanitary sewage - to BNPD Sewage Processing Plant) Site: Bruce Nuclear Power Development-Services (BNPD-S) Location: Lake Huron, at Tiverton History: some facilities originally for support of Heavy Water Plants Type: Associated Services for Bruce Nuclear Power Development complex 1) steam supply (Bruce Bulk Steam System - BBSS). comprised of: 1) Condensate Plant; 2) Steam Transformer Plant "A" (STP-A); 3) Steam Transformer Plant "O" (STP-0); and, 4) Bruce Steam Plant (BSP) 2) radioactive waste storage (Bruce Nuclear Waste Storage Site) 3) sewage treatment plant (BNPD Sewage Processing Plant - SPP) Employees: 1,000 Wastewater Treatment: None BBE: P: PCBE: SW: WD: blowdown (BSP. Condensate Plar t) - to Douglas Point outfall blowdown (STP-A) - to Bruce NG' -A intake channel Neutralization Tank discharge - to Douglas Point outfall water treatment plant (WTP) filter backwash effluents - to Douglas Point outfall building floor drains, equipment d.ains, sample drains. service water drains, pressure relief valve drains (reboiler, steam transformer) Waste Volume Reduction Facility (WVRF) surface/ subsurface drainage - to lake oil contaminated drains/sumps - (oil traps) standby power facility fuel oil storage tank dyke sumps, fuel unloading area catch basins - (oil traps) yard drains, transformer area drains, roof drains - to site drainage system Radioactive Solid Waste Storage Site (surface and subsurface drainage) - to site drainage system BNPD landfill site - runoff to site drainage system ECE: BSP air preheater wash effluents, boiler cleaning acid wastes - neutralization / sedimentation (in chemical waste pond) P: Condensate Plant WTP regeneration effluent - neutralization (in Neutralization Tank) PCBE: Central Maintenance Facility active drainage system - filtration (then trucked to Bruce NGS-A) WVRF active sump effluent - incineration with residue trucked to Bruce NGS-A for further treatment WVRF inactive sump effluent - incineration Secondary sanitary sewage - conventional activated sludge plant (Bruce SPP) Site: Darlington NGS - Construction Location: Lake Ontario, at Bowmanville History: 1 st unit not yet in service station expected to be completed in 1992 Type: (future) 4 units, uranium oxide fuel (natural) Capacity: (future) 3.524 WW Employees: 7,000 peak Wastewater Treatment: None BBE: blowdown tanks (constnjction boilerhouse) - to boilertiouse drains ECE: utility washdown effluent - to boilerhouse drains P: water treatment plant regeneration wastes - to boilerhouse drains PCBE: construction boilerhouse drains - to site storm drainage system SW: yard drains (storm drains) - to lake Primary ECE: pipe cleaning shop effluents - to sanitary sewage system P: sanitary sewage - equalization / sedimentation / chlorination WD: construction waste disposal site - sedimentation (in pond) Secondary P: sanitary sewage - rotating biological contactor Commissioning Waste Streams Wastewater Treatment: ECE: boiler and piping systems cleaning effluents, wet layup storage effluents - to condenser cooling water (CCW) discfiarge (when CCW flow above minimum required) commissioning waste lagoon effluent - to site drainage system Primary Secondary n/a boiler and piping systems cleaning effluents, wet layup storage effluents - to waste lagoon (when insufficient CCW flow) hydrostatic testing effluents - to waste lagoon condenser leak testing effluents - to waste lagoon commissioning waste lagoon - sedimenation Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) Associated Facilities: Site: Location: History: Type: Capacity: Flowrate: Employees: Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories Ottawa River, near Chall< River established in 1945 2 reactors, uranium-aluminum alloy fuel facilities present: research reactors; research laboratories and support facilities; isotope production facilities; heavy-water upgrading plant; waste management areas. NRU - 135 MW, NRX - 42 MW (thermal) 125,000 m^/d 1,900 Wastewater Treatment: CE: OTCW: P: SW: WD: Primary BDE: Waste Treatment Centre - to Perch Creek (Perch Creek Basin) powerhouse combined drain reactor cooling water (process sewer) boiler blowdown active effluents - to Liquid Dispersal Area storm sewers, 01 , 03, 04. 05 Waste Management Areas C, F , old chemical/solvent disposal - to Duke Stream (Maskinonge Lake Basin) Waste Management Areas A, B, D, Liquid Dispersal Area inactive landfill (stream 02) (future) active effluents - to Waste Treatment Centre Waste Treatment Centre - microfiltration / reverse osmosis sanitary sewage - equalization / chlorination Secondary P: n/a Site: Douglas Point Waste Management Facility Location: Lake Huron, at Tiverton History: construction began in 1960 unit began service in 1967 station shut down and decommissioning started in 1984 partial decommissioning completed in 1988 station to be maintained in a storage mode for the next 40 years Type: partially decommissioned nuclear generating station Capacity: n/a (formerly 200MW) Employees: 6 Wastewater Treatment: None ECE: OTCW: PCBE: SW: Primary ECE: P: Secondary n/a Decontamination Centre active drainage - to active liquid storage tanks (ALST) ALST low activity effluent - to lake instrument air compressor cooling water - to turbine hall sump turbine hall floor drains - to turbine hall sump turbine hall sump - to Douglas Point Outfall reactor building groundwater sump, Spent Fuel Bay groundwater sump - to Douglas Point outfall site drainage system - to lake ALST high activity effluent - trucked to Bruce NGS-B for treatment water treatment plant wastes - to BNPD Sewage Processing Plant sanitary sewage - to sewage lagoon (water treatment plant wastes - to BNPD Sewage Processing Plant) Site: Nuclear Power Demonstration (NPD) Waste Management Facility Location: Ottawa River, at Rolphton History: site began service in 1962 station shut down and decommissioning started in 1987 partial decommissioning to be completed in 1988 station to be maintained in a long-term storage state Type: partially decommissioned nuclear power demonstration site Capacity: n/a (formerly 25MW) Employees: None (remote monitoring) Wastewater Treatment: PCBE: inactive drainage (building drains) - to river via condenser cooling water (CCW) duct active drainage - to wells area sump wells area sump low activity effluent - to river via inactive floor drains SW: yard drain (ring drain) roof drains - to CCW duct Primary PCBE: wells area sump high activity effluent - trucked to Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories Secondary n/a APPENDIX 2 MAJOR GROUP CLASS SiC 49 4911 TABLE 1 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION (SIC) CODES FOR THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR NAME ATIKOKAN TGS, OH, ATIKOKAN J.C.KEITH TGS, OH, WINDSOR LAKEVIEWTGS, OH, MISSISSAUGA LAMBTON TGS, OH, COURTRIGHT LENNOX TGS,OH,S.FREDERICKSBERG NANTICOKE TGS, OH. NANTICOKE R.L. HEARN TGS, OH, TORONTO THUNDERBAYTGS, OH. THUNDERBAY BRUCE A NGS, OH. TIVERTON BRUCE B NGS. OH. TIVERTON DARLINGTON NGS, OH. BOWMANVILLE PICKERING A NGS, OH, PICKERING PICKERING B NGS. OH, PICKERING BRUCE HEAVY WATER PLANTS, OH, TIVERTON BRUCE NUCLEAR POWER DEVELOPMENT SERVICES, OH. TIVERTON BRUCE SEWAGE PROCESSING PLANT. OH. TIVERTON BRUCE NUCLEAR WASTE STORAGE SITE, OH, TIVERTON DOUGLAS POINT WMF, AECL, TIVERTON NUCLEAR POWER DEMONSTRATION WMF, AECL, ROLPHTON DARLINGTON NGS-CONSTRUCTION, OH, BOWMANVILLE CHALK RIVER NUCLEAR LABORATORIES, AECL, CHALK RIVER AGUASABON GS ARNPRIORGS DECEWNF23GS PINE PORTAGE GS SILVER FALLS GS SIR ADAM BECK 2 GS NGS = NUCLEAR GENERATING STATION TGS = THERMAL GENERATING STATION (FOSSIL-FUELLED) GS = HYDRAULIC GENERATING STATION WMF = WASTE MANAGEMENT FACILITY OH = ONTARIO HYDRO AECL = ATOMIC ENERGY OF CANADA LIMITED TABLE 2 - EFFLUENT MONITORING PRIORITY POLLUTANTS LIST (EMPPL) (1988 UPDATE) EMPPL PARAMETERS CAS ANALYTICAL TEST GROUP* Abletic Add 514 ■10- 3 Acenaphthene 83 -32- 9 1 9 Acenaphthene, 5-nitro 602 -87- 9 1 9 Acenaphthylene 208 -96- 8 1 9 Acrldine 260 -94- 6 Acrolem 107 -02- 8 18 Acrylamlde 79 -06- 1 Acrylonitrile 107 -13- 1 1 8 Aluminum 7429 -90- 5 9 4-Amlnoazobenzene 60 -09- 3 Aniline 62 -53- 3 Anthracene 120 -12- 7 19 Antimony 7440 -36- 0 1 0 Aroclor 1016 (PCB) 12674 -1 1- 2 27 Aroclor 1221 (PCB) 1 1 104 -28- 2 27 Aroclor 1232 (PCB) 11141 -16- 5 27 Aroclor 1242 (PCB) 53469 -21- 9 27 Aroclor 1248 (PCB) 12672 -29- 6 27 Aroclor 1254 (PCB) 1 1097 -69- 1 27 Aroclor 1260 (PCB) 1 1096 -82- 5 27 Arsenic 7440 -38- 2 10 Benzaidehyde 100 -52- 7 Benz(a)acrldlne 225 -11- 3 Ben2(a)anthracene 56 55- 3 19 Benzene 71 43- 2 1 7 Benzeneacetonltrlie 140 29- 1 Benzidine 92 87- IH-Benzlmldazole 51 1 7- Benzo(b)fluoranthene 205 99- ? 19 Ben20(k)fluoranthene 207 08- i 19 Benzo(q,h,i)perylene 191 24-; 19 Benzo(a)pyrene 50 32-£ 19 Benzo(h)qulnolln0 230 27-: - Benzo(b)thloph9n0 95 15-£ - Benzyl alcohol 100 51-6 Beryllium 7440 41 -7 9 Biphenyl 92 52-4 19 Borneol 507 70-C Boron 7440 42-8 9 1-Bromo-2-chloro0thane 107- 04-0 Bromodichloromethane 75- 27-4 16 Bromoform 75- 25-2 16 Bromomethane 74- 83-9 16 TABLE 2 - EFFLUENT MONITORING PRIORITY POLLUTANTS LIST (EMPPL) (1988 UPDATE) EMPPL PARAMETERS CAS # ANALYTICAL TEST GROUP # p-Bromophenol 1 06-41 -2 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether 1 01-55-3 1 9 1,3-Butadlene 106-99-0 Butanal 123-72-8 2-Butenolc acid 3724-65-0 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethanol 1 12-34-5 Butylamlne 109-73-9 N-t-butyl-2-benzothlazol0sulphenamlde 95-31-8 Butylbenzylphthalate 85-68-7 1 9 Cadmium 7440-43-9 9 Camphene 79-92-5 1 9 9H-Carbazole 86-74-8 Carbon Disulfide 75-1 5-C Carbon tetrachloride 56-23-5 16 Chonnated dibenzofurans* N//S 24 Chorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins* N/fi 24 Chlorobenzene 108 90-- 16 Chlorodehydroabletlc acid 57055 38-e Chlorodibromomethane 124 48- 1 6 Chloroform 67 66-C 16 Chloromethane 74 87-: 1 6 Bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane 1 1 1 91- 19 Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether 1 1 1 44-/ 1 9 Bis{2-ch lore isopropy Mather 108 60- 19 Bls(chloromethyl)ether 542 88- 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol 59 50- 7 20 1 -Chloronaphthalene 90 13- 19 2-Chloronaphthalene 91 58- 7 1 9 o-Chiorophenol 95 57- i 20 4-Chlorophenylphenyl ether 7005 72- 3 19 Chromium 7440 47- 3 9 Chrysene 218 01- 3 19 CIneole 470 82- Cobalt 7440 -48- X 9 Copper 7440 50- 3 9 m-Cresol 1 08 39- i, 20 o-Cresol 95 48- 7 20 p-Cresol 1 06 44- 5 20 Cyclohexanol 108 93- Cyclohexanone 108 94- Cyclohexylamlne 108 91- n-Cyclohexyl-2-benzothlazole sulphenamlde 95 33- Dehydroabletic acid 1740 19- TABLE 2 - EFFLUENT MONITORING PRIORITY POLLUTANTS LIST (EMPPL) (1988 UPDATE) EMPPL PARAMETERS CAS # ANALYTICAL TEST GROUP* Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 53 70 3 1 9 2,6-DI-t-butyl-4-methylphenol 128 37 0 Di-n-butylphthalate 84 74 2 1 9 Dl-n-octyl phthalate 1 1 7 84 0 19 1 ,2-Dichlorobenzene 95 50 1 1 6 1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene 541 73 1 16 1 ,4-DichlorobenzenG 106 46 7 1 6 3,3'-Dlchlorobenzldlne 91 94 1 1,4-Dlchlorobut-2-ene 764 41 0 1 ,2-Dlchlorobut-3-0ne 760 23 6 DIchlorobutene (mixture) 1 1 069 19 5 1 ,1-Dichloroethane 75 34 3 1 6 1 ,2-Dichloroethane 107 06 2 16 Cls-1,2-Dlchloroethylene 1 56 59 2 Trans-1 ,2-Dichloroethylene 156 60 5 1 6 1,1-Dichloroethylene 75 35 4 16 4,5-Dlchloroqualacol 2460 49 3 2 4-Dichl :irophenol 120 83 2 20 2,6-Dichlorophenol 87 65 0 20 1 ,2-Dichloropropane 78 87 5 16 Cis-1,3-Dichloropropylene 10061 01 5 16 Trans-1 ,3-Dichloropropylene 10061 02 6 1 6 1,2-Dlethylbenzene (ortha) 135 01 3 1,3-Dlethylbenzene (meta) 141 93 5 Diethyl phthalate (DEP) 84 66 2 n,n-Dlethyl-m-tcluamlde (DEET) 134 62 3 5,6-Dlhydro-2-mathyl-1,4-oxathlln-3- carboxanlllde 5234 68 4 5,6-Dlhydro-2-methyl-1,4-oxathlln-3- carboxanlllde-4, 4 -dioxide 5259 88 1 Dimethyl disulphlde 624 92 0 DImethylphenol 1300 71 6 2 4-Dimethylphenol 105 67 9 20 2,5-Dlmethylphenol 95 87 4 2,6-Dlmelhylphenol 576 26 1 3,4-Dlmethylphenol 95 65 8 3,5-Dlmethylphenol 108 -68 9 Dimethyl sulphide 75 18 3 4.6-Dinitro-o-cresol 534 52 1 20 2,4-Dinitrophenol 51 28 5 20 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 121 1 4 2 1 9 2,6-Din'irotoluene 606 20 2 19 4,4--DI-n-octyldlphenylamlne 101 67 7 TABLE 2 - EFFLUENT MONITORING PRIORITY POLLUTANTS LIST (EMPPL) (1988 UPDATE) EMPPL PARAMETERS CAS # ANALYTICAL TEST GROUP # 1,4-Dloxane 123 91 1 Diphenylamine 122 39 4 19 Diphenyl ether 101 84 8 19 Dlphenylmethane-4,4'-dllsocyanat0 (MDI) 101 68 8 Diphenyl 4,4'-m0thylenedlcarbanllate 101 65 5 Ethanol 64 1 7 5 Ethylbenzene 100 41 4 17 Bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalale 1 17 81 7 19 Ethylene dibromide 106 93 4 16 Ethylene thiourea 96 45 7 Eugenol 97 53 0 Fluoranthene 206 44 0 19 Fluorene 86 73 7 19 Formaldehyde 50 00 0 Furfural 98 01 1 Gualacol 90 05 1 Hexachlorobenzene 118 74 1 23 Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) 87 68 3 23 1,2,3,4,5,6-Hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma Isomer) (Lindane) 58 89 9 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 77 47 4 23 Hexachloroelhane 67 72 1 23 Hydrazine 302 01 2 Hydrogen sulphide 7783 06 4 2-Hydroxyblphenyl 90 43 7 4-Hydroxyblphenyl 92 69 3 2-Hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one 80 71 7 lndeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene 193 39 5 19 Indole 120 72 9 1 9 Isopimaric acid 5835 26 7 Lead 7439 92 1 Levopimaric acid 79 54 9 LImonene 138 86 3 Lithium 7439 93 2 Mercaptobenzothiazole 149 30 4 2-Mercaptobenzothlazole disulphlde 120 78 5 2-Mercaptoethanol 60 24 2 Mercury 7439 97 6 12 2,2-M0thylenebls(6-nonyl)-p-cresol 7786 17 6 Methylene chloride 75 09 2 16 Methyl ethyl ketone 78 93 3 n-Methyltormamlde 123 39 7 Methylmethacrylate 80 62 6 TABLE 2 - EFFLUENT MONITORING PRIORITY POLLUTANTS LIST (EMPPL) (1988 UPDATE) EMPPL PARAMETERS CAS # ANALYTICAL TEST GROUP # 1-Methylnaphthalene 90-12-C 19 2-Me1hylnaphthalene 91 -57-e 19 2-Methylpyrldlne 109-06-f - Methyl slyrene 25013-15--! m-Methylstyrene 100-80- - p-Methylstyrena 622-97-C - Molybdenum 7439-98-- Morphollne 1 10-91-( 5 n-Morphollnyl-2-benzothlazole sulphenamlde 102-77-2 Naphthalene 91-20-: ) 19 1-Naphthalanol 90-15-. ) Nooabletic acid 471-77-< Nickel 7440-02- ) 9 Nitrobenzene 98-95-v 3 1-Nltronaphthalene 86-57- 7 2-Nltronaphthalene 581-89- 5 2-Nltrophenol 88-75- 4-Nilrophenol 100-02- 7 20 n-Nltrosodlmethylamlne 62-75- ; n-Nitrosodi-n-propy lamina 621-64- 7 19 n-Nitrosodiphenylamine 86-30- 3 1 9 4-Nltrosomorphollne 59-89- I Octachlorostyrene 29082-74- \ 23 Oleic Add 112-80- Pentachlorobenzene 608-93- 5 23 Pentachlorophenol 87-86- 5 20 Perylene 198-55- D 19 Phenanthrene 85-01- 3 19 Phenol 108-95- Z 20 n-phenylacetomlde 103-84- i PImarIc acid 127-27- Pine oil 8002-09- 3 Potassium ethyl xanthate 140-89- 3 Potassium hexyl xanthate 2720-76- 5 Pyrene 129-00- D 19 Quinollne 91-22- 5 8-Qulnollnol 148-24- 3 Selenium 7782-49- 2 10 Silver 7440-22- 4 9 Sodium butylxanthate 141-33- 3 Sodium dimethyl dithio carbamate 128-04- Sodium ethylxanthate 140-90- 9 Strontium 7440-24- 6 9 TABLE 2 - EFFLUENT MONITORING PRIORITY POLLUTANTS LIST (EMPPL) (1988 UPDATE) EMPPL PARAMETERS CAS ANALYTICAL TEST GROUP # Styrene 100- 42-e 1 7 Tannic acid 1401 55-^ Tetrachloroacetons 31422 61-^ 1,1, 3, 3-Tetrachloro acetone 632 21-: 1 ,2,3,4-Telrachlorobenzene 634 66-. > 23 1 ,2,3,5-Telrachlorobenzene 634 90- I 23 1 .2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene 95 94- i 23 2,3,7,8-Telrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 1746 01- 3 24 1,1,1,2-Tetrachlorethane 630 20- 1 ,1 ,2,2-Tetrachlorethane 79 34- 5 16 Tetrachloroethylene 127 18- i 1 6 Tetrachlorogualacol 2539 17- 2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol 4901 51- 3 20 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol 58 90- 2 20 2,3,5.6-Tetrachlorophenol 935 95- 5 20 Tetraelhyl lead 78 00- 2 13 Tetraethyl thiuram disulphlde 97 77- B Tatrahydrofuran 109 99- 9 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene (Tetralln) 119 64- 2 Tetramethyl thiuram disulphlde 137 26- B Thallium 7440 28- 0 9 Thiophene 1 10 02- 1 Thiourea 62 56- 6 Toluene 108 88- 3 17 2,4-Toluene dllsocyanate 584 84- 9 2,6-toluene dllsocyanate (2,6-TDI) 91 08- 7 Toluene dllsocyanate-mlxture (TDI) 26471 -62- 5 Trlbutyl phosphate 126 73- B 1,1,3-Trlchloroacetone 921 03- 9 1 ,2,3-Trichlorobenzene 87 61- 6 23 1 ,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 120 82- 1 23 1,1, 1-Trlchloroethane 71 55- 6 1 ,1 ,2-Trichloroethane 79 00- 5 16 Trichloroethylene 79 01 - 6 16 T rich lo r of luoro methane 75 69- 4 16 Trlchiorogualacol 61966 -36- 7 2,3,4-Trichlorophenol 15950 -66- 0 20 2,3.5-Tnchlorophenol 933 -78- 8 20 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 95 95- 4 20 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 88 06- 2 20 2,4,5-Trichlorotoluene 6639 ■30- 1 23 Trielhyl lead N/ A 13 1,2,4-Trlmethylbenzene 95-63- 6 TABLE 2 - EFFLUENT MONITORING PRIORITY POLLUTANTS LIST (EMPPL) (1988 UPDATE) EMPPL PARAMETERS CAS tt ANALYTICAL TEST GROUP* Trimethylbenzenes 25551-13 7 Trimethylnaphthalenes 28652-77 9 Trixylyl phosphate 25155-23 1 Uranium 7440-61 1 9 Vanadium 7440-62 2 9 Vanillic add 121-34 6 Vinyl chloride 75-01 4 16 o-Xylene 95-47 6 1 7 m-Xylene 108-38 3 1 7 p-Xylene 106-42 3 1 7 Zinc 7440-66 6 9 Zinc diethyl dithio carbamate 14324-55 1 * Represents tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hopta-, and octa- congeners NOTE: 1. MOE analytical methods are NOT currently available for parameters shown In bold print. 2. Italicized print Indicates parameters added to EMPPL in the Nov. 1988 updata. 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Q 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 E < 1 1 e < 75 o S i 2 1 8 I 3 1 o o •5 o 15 > j E 1 E , 3 1 1 f 5 J 1 1 > 1 1 1 1 X 1 1 a O IT o 5 o 1 o 1 i 1 1 6 1 1 1 15 o i 2 E 1 1 i X 1 X i o 1 - w r, 5 5 5 S CO 00 o, o z o o o o o o ssss; 3 O O O O 5 5 o 5 5 o E o o o o o o o o s o £ 1 o o o o o o o o o o c 3 O O O O ^ ^ o o o o o o ^ o ^ s ^ ^ ^ o o o o 1-2 i i^s o o o o c 3 O O O O ^ ^ o o o o o o o ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ okan Therm Furnace Ash Water o o o o o iiii^ D O O O O ^ s s s ^ o o o o o o ^ ^ ^ o 5|| o S o ^ ^ o 1 i ■ o o o o o o o o S o o o o ^ 5 5 o o o o o o ^ s ^ ■ ^ o o 11 s It < UJ s 1 2 < CC Q. ^ i S 8 1 1 i £ D |l i III » o o Ifll ill! Q 9 Q 9 11 ill m ^ £ o S I o o 1 1 1 1 n 4 I 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 5 1 1 1 i E j 2 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 a. i o UJ < g i i 5 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 § z > Z C^J ^ < - - . ; 1 ^ 2 1 |5 O O o o o s o o ^ S 5 o 5 o o o o o s z o s o o o H o o o o o a s 5 o o o 1 < 1 o o o ^ o ^ s s ^ o o o o o s ^ ^ o o o o o o s ^ ^ i o o H o. 1 i z l| ^ ^ ^ o o o o ^ o o ^ s o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ s ill o o o o o o o ^ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o i o ^ ^ l| i ^ i s o o i o o i o o o o o o o o i i o i i s 5 ^ ^ ^ s o s Z < a § S < z 3 c z s s z s s < a. 1 1 1 § < 1 < •£ 1. 1 o 1 1 1 ■a o i m 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 i € •i i €. 1 1 1 > Q. 5 1 1 2 1 1 (5 5 1 5 1 i 1 o 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 1 5 ! 1 1 Q £ E 1 z 1 i 2 Z % O er o < < 1 S 1 < C7> s = If oooooooooooooooooooo ooooojoo — oo o 1 o oo ooooooooo o oooooooo o o Hi ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ___^____ ooooooooooo o oooooooo o o okan Therm Furnace Ash Water Treatment oo oooo ooooo o oooooooo o o < S o 1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/ 1 0/1 0/ 1 0/ 1 0/1 0/1 0/ 1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 11 ^^ at < UJ S z PARAMETERS 2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-Telrachlorophenol 2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorophenol 2,3,5-Trichlorophenol 2.4,5Trichlorophenol 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 2.4-Dimethyl phenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol 2,4 Dichlorophenol 2,6-Dichlorophenol 4.6 Dinitro-o-cresol 2 Chlorophenol 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol 4 Nitrophenol m-Cresol oCresol- p-Cresol Pentachlorophenol Phenol 1.2.3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,3,5Tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene l,2,3Trichlorobenzene 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 2,4,5 Tnchlorotoluene Hexachloro benzene Hexachlorobutadiene Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Hexachloroethane Oclachlorostyrene Pentachlorot»nzene ALYTICAL TEST GROUP Extractables, Add (Phenolics) Extractables. Neutral 5 Is 1 IS o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ i ^ ^ o o III iff ^ ^ o o okan Therm Furnace Ash Water Treatment ^ o o 1 - » 1 ^ ^ o o it o ^ °l 2 It < UJ 2 Z 1 Uh Sllllll 1 § till llll 1111 llll i f sill 1 £ a 2 S S * ^ til 1 i 1 if 1 t« t ^ Mi ° ^- - - ^ ^ • — -5SSo---SSS5- S-S si I "^ ° °<^ f^ <^j o o -o -oSSSSSSSSSSS ooS ill ZIP ZIP ZIP Zl I g/o g/o ZIP ZIP ZIP ZIP ZIZ ZIP ZIP ZIP ZIP ZIZ ZIP ZIZ ZIP ZIP Zl t ZIZ ZIP ZIP 9 g/o 1/ 1 |ii " ° ° ^ " - '- o -o -oooo-oooooo- -oo !|ii •" ° <=> '■ o o - --000-00-000- ooo 'fi "^ <=> O- C\J C^J o C\J ego OJOOOO-OOOOOO- oogo !» ~ ° -^ - " - o coo ooooocioooooooj ooo - ill - o r- oo o - - cNj oo -oooocooocNioooci ooo o < o _ ill " <=> O- CO CO - - CVJO COOOOOCNJOO-OOOCO oco- o 3/3 0/3 6-9 0/3 0/3 3/3 1/3 0/3 0/3 1 /3 0/2 1 /3 0/3 0/3 0/3 0/3 0/3 0/3 0/3 2/3 0/3 0/3 0/3 2/3 0/3 0/3 2/3 0/1 O " o oo CO CO - o -o co-ooo-oooooo- ooo o 1 " o 1°^ " " " ° "^° CO-00--000000- ooo o 1 c c : : < o < z PARAMETERS Chemical oxygen demand (COD) Total cyanide Hydrogen ion (pH) Ammonia plus Ammonium Total Kieldahl nitroqen Nitrate * Nitrite Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) Total organic carbon (TOC) Total phosphorus Total suspended soIkJs (TSS) Volatile suspended solids (VSS) Aluminum Beryllium Chromium Cobalt Copper Lead Molybdenum Nickel Silver Thallium Vanadium Zinc Antimony Arsenic Selenium Chromium (Hexavalent) ALYTICAL TEST GROUP Chemical Oxygen Demand Total cyanide Hydrogen ion (pH) Nitrogen Organic carbon Total phosphonjs Suspended solids (TSSA/SS) Total metals Hydrides Chromium (Hexavalent) < hi IH hi 15 51 IJ? si hi h 1 h 1 12 1 hi Ill ~ :: o o o o o o 5 o o o o o o o o o o o o z o o o o o o o o Q 2 £ T3 S o o o o o o o o 5 o o o o o o o o o o t; o ^ o o o o o o o o 5 ~ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 5 ^ ^ 5 ^ o o s o o III i 5 i 5 o 5 o o 5 i i i 5 5 5 i s 5 o o o - o o o o o 5 5 i 5 o Iffl ^ ^ o o o i i o o o o o - o o o o o o i - i i ^ o o o o o o o 1 Generallo - a z < < UJ s| a tt < m 1 z cc 2 < < a. s s 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 9 i 1 1 2 1 1 5 i 1 i 5 9 1 1 9 1 1 i 2 E 1 1 1 1 1 i 5 i E o 1 1 1 i § a 1 1 1 i f i 1 f 1 2 1 i -1 £ 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 5 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 E 1 i 1 1 1 : i 1 ' 2 >« <£> z > o W > Q c^J cvicviCN,ojcgcM(N (v/JOjrgCVJ JCJC\J(\JCVJ(MC\J C^JC^JC^JC^i(\iCMC^J<^Jf^J(^JO^J(^J(^JC^iC\J<^J<^JC^J^^JCMC\)C^J OJf\Jooocooor,c,or,ocooor,oo oococcnn 1 1 1 CO ooconoocr. tnooCToooococooootoocomoocoocn onnono o ooooooo oooooooooooooooooooooo 'oooooo 11 Is u. Z °3 s tt < m Z O s 1 E 1 III 1 S i . 1 III Hi 1 II l!l|||| til ■ 1 ' riJfJli if Ji I 11 1 lli||i|illi il MiiilttiiiiiliiiiM^ 3 2 O 3 n < UJ < - pk 5 o S o o 3 O O O o o 5 o o o o o o 5 o 5 5 5 5 :; 5 5 5 5 5 • ^ 5 o 5 o o 3 O O O o o 5 5 OJ Q o o o o o o o o o o o o - = 11 o o o o o o o O O O O fi ci III '" o o o o o o o o o o o o o - ii%l ?lll o o o o o o o o o o o - o 1 Generatio Ash Settling Overflow o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o i £ o ill o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1 1 1 o o o o o o o o o o o - o ||l o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ri o 2 o o o o o o o o o o o oj o 1 o o o o o o o o S o o ^ o Is i! < UJ 3 z 1 i 2 2 o £ ii fill i lllj.jl '^- 2 S a 1 « B fill . , ilii 1 I ilil 1 i a. o , i K Q. £ a b ■§ 2 II ^ 1! I II t 4 s ° 1 -l 1 fl s ;^ c 2 1 1 1 1 1 6 H i CO o i o s E i - - i i o o o o o o o o o - o i ii H o !. o o o ^ s i i - o o i o - o - o o o ^ - ^ o ii 5 H » i o i o o ^ o ^ o o o o ^ o - i i i - H i i III - o « o o o s i i - o o o o o o - o o o o ^ o s 1 :: 5 « E i o o o - - i i o o o o o o o o o ^ o ^ 1 O 1 E s 1 w cs 2 Q. 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i I £ i c 1 1 i z 1 s 1 i 1 8 5 8 1 i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f 2 1 E 1 > ^ < i < ® ^ 1 I 1 > o i 1 i : 1 1 1 s 1 6 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 " CVi r, 5 5 m ^ ^ • o> _ _ £ i OE o i a z o li i o o o ooooooooooooooooooooo o o ooo Pi ^ o o o ooooooooooooooooooooo o o ooo 55| o bton Tha Ash Filter Plant i S o o ooooooooooooooooooooo o o ooo J5 o S o o ooooooooooooooooooooo o o ooo 1! Is si a z s a cc 2 S 1 5 1 Il If " 1 1,1-Dichloroethylene 1,2-Dichlorobenzene 1,2-Dichloroethane (Ethylene dichlonde) 1,2-Dichloropropane 1,3-Dichlorobenzene 1,4-Dichlorobenzene Bromoform Bromomethane Carbon tetrachloride Chloro benzene Chloroform Chloromethane Cis-1, 3 Dichloropropylene Dibromochloromelhane Ethylene dibromide Methylene chloride Trans- 1,2-Dichloroethylene Trans- 1 , 3-Dichloropropylene Tnchloroethylene Vinyl chloride (Chloroethylene) Benzene Styrene Toluene o-Xylene m-Xylene and p-Xylene Q. 3 g < < 1 1 < 1 1 Volanles, Halogenated < t^ ^ -1 1^ 11:1 lj 5 o o o o o o 03 Pi • o o o o o o o o i o i o i o s o o o o o o 5 o o o o o i o5 5.| '1 bton The Ash Filter Plant o i i o i - o i i i o o o o o o i i o i i 5 i i i o i o i; ^1 o o o o o o o c o o o o o o o ' o o o o o o o o o o o o o o I n IS ^ u. '^ tu 3 Z a oc o. < i 1 1 < 1 < •S 1 1 i 1 1 1 6 o i 1 9 i 1 ; 1 1 ! 1 1 1 1 I \ i 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 S 1 o 1 > 1 1 E 1 1 1 s. 1 1 5 1 1 1 > 1 2 1 1 5 1 I 1 Q 1 1 t I 2 : z : a. o I -1 1 1 1 i a> li ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ _ ^ o o o o ° ° o o ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ _ _ o o o o oo oo oooooo ° ° o o 5|| 1^1 bton The Ash Filter Plant o o o o o ' o o oo oo oooooo o o ' o ' o "1 1 o o o o o ' o o oo oo oooooo o o ' o ' o u 3a s 1 PARAMETERS 2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol 2,3,5,6 Telrachlorophenol 2,3,4-Trichlorophenol 2,3,5-Trn,hlorophenol 2,4,5 Trichlorophenol 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 2,4-Dimethyl phenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol 2.4Dichlorophenol 2,6-Dichlorophenol 4,6-Dinilro ocresol 2-Chlorophenol 4Chloro Smethylphenol 4-Nitrophenol m-Cresol oCresol p Cresol Pentachlorophenol Phenol 1 ,2,3,4-Tetrachlorobenzene 1 ,2,3,5Tetrachlorobenzene 1 ,2,4,5 Telrachlorobenzene 1,2,3Trichlorobenzene 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 1 1 1 Hexachlorocyclopenladiene Oclachlorostyrene Pentachlorobenzene ALYTICAL TEST GROUP Extractables. Acid (Phenolics) "1 II |6 i s ^ ^ UJ § 1 i • 1 ■ ^ o ij ■ - o 1 1 III o o s ^ o >- i 2 « z 3 < oc 2 c 1 a 6 1 1 i 1 6 1 2 1 i i 1 1 i i 1 a 1 T3 2 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 9 1 a 2 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 i 9 a. 2 "5 1 ■o ° ■5 1 i 1 o 1 o a. i < 1! i ^ 5l 1 1 It s 5^ c < f 1 i 1 ^ o - Z ^ ^ ^ s O o o o - o o o o o o ^ o o ^ o o o o 2 ~ E :^ S ^ H ^ ^ O ~ o o ~ o o o o o o o o o o H o o o if ^ o » o o ^ E H s o o H o o o - - o o o o o o E o o o !l| H s « 5 ^ ^ H o o o o o ^ ~ ^ s 5 ^ s ^ s s s ^ 5 5 5 1 ~ o CD o o H E s ^ o 5 o - o o o o o o o o o o - o o o 1 a. S < z s 2 cc s s < cc < o. 1 1 5 2 o I i 1 ■fe 1 1 Z t 1 1 1 1 o 1 8 1 1 1 > 1 = i > 1 E 1 E 1 , 1 1 E i I •o 5 1 z J 1 E > 1 < 1 < 1 1 i X E 1 % O oc o K o 1 1 1 i 1 1 3 1 6 5 1 J i 1 i 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 - <^ n 5 5 n J3 _ ° ^ 3 1 1 1 1 2 i o ^ % 5 s s s o ^ o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o o o o - o ^ s ^ ] 5 J| o ~ o s s ^ ^ s s o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o o o o o CM o o s % s it c o E o o o o o o o 5 5 o 5 o s s o 5 s ^ s ~ s o o 5 ^ ^ s ^ o o o Q- o ^ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o s s ^ 5 s ^ 5 5 o o o o o o 1 ^ ^ s o 5 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o i § 1 1 ^ fe OC S < OC < 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 ■ 9 9 1 5 1 E o E 1 1 ° 1 1 1 1 1 ., 1 1 9 i E 1 o 1 1 i 1 1 ■£ 1 1 § 1 I 1 1 1 1 o 1 1 > 1 i ^ X i 1 E 5 1 1 1 1 1 3 -I X 1 i 1 z < cs, z K «> ^ o ooooooo oooooooooooooooooooooo oooooo hi 1 1 ^ C CN- C^ C^ C^. C C C^ O. CS. O. CN. C^ C^ C C^ CV, C. C>. CS. CSi .V, CVi w w cv, cvi cv cv. r. C. CS. CS. c^ <^ o ooooooo oooooooooooooooooooooo oooooo Jit c^ c^ cvi cv. c^ csi Q E o - o o H H ~ s s o s s - ^ " H o H 5 s o o E o s o ifl ^ o ° a i H H o o ^ o ^ o o H H CVi o H o o o o E 5 ^ s 11 H o 00 m o o E o " o o E 5 5 ^ ^ ^ o ^ ^ s o i E o o o i ^11 52 o - i - s H ^ i !2 s s o o s ^ E s E o o o E H s E s ^ ™ s o « o o H s 5 E ^ ^ o CO o " " E o 2 o o o :: E o o o i 2 < S S oc I oc 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 i 3 1 I i z 1 5 1 1 1 I 5 1 1 E 1 i 1 1 E 1 1 1 1 ^ i 1 1 1 > 1 E < < 1 o g o w -1 < >- < 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 8 1 i 1 1 E 1 1 1 i 1 i 1 5 4 - cv. r, as £, 5 S . « a> ° := 1 j j ^ ?- 5 o o o o o o o o i o s 5 i i i 5 i o ^ o o o ■ o s 5 o o 11 111 if' ^ - iii o ^ ^ ^ s s o o 5 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o s o o o o o o o III tM s ^ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o ^ s s s o o o o o o o cvj eg o o 5|- O o o o s o o ^ ^ s ^ s s ^ s s s s S o ^ o o o o o o o o o o o o O !: o o ^ o o ^ ^ ^ ^ s ^ s s ^ 5 o ^ o o o o o OJ (N CVJ o o o o o ^ o o o ^11 o o o H i E ^ s s s i ^ i ^ s ^ ^ o i ° i o o o o o o o o o o o o 2 o I i 5 s s s I E ^ o s s s o 5 o s o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1 S s -1 < a. 3 1 ST 1 a. 1 1 1 1 1 1 f 1 5 i 1 1 9 1 ° 1 1 i £ I i 1 i 1 9 E 1 6 I ■B £ 1 1 S 1 , E ° 1 1 £ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 f ° 1 1 1 ;; Q, ■1 1 1 1 1 Q i 1 i III O £ g " 2 e raff •5 1 f 1 1 1 i 1 li X X 6 E Q. O cc o < >- < 2 1 1 « 1 I 1 X i i ^ :: 1 z J E 1 • 1 ill o o o i i o i s i o i i i ^ o i i i i i i i o o o o o o 5 5 11 ill ^ O o o o o cy o o cy o o o o o cy o o o o o CM o o o o o o o o o s o o o 5 s s 5 o o III s o - o o - ~ o o o s o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ - CM s s s o o o 5 o « o o s ^ o 5 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o s 5 s ^ ^ o o o * o o o o o o s o o o o o o s o o o o o o o o s o o o o o o 2 5 o o 5 s 5 < ff = E o o s o o o E ^ s m E 5 E s o ^ o s o ^ o s o o o s o ^ o en i 5 5 E o 5 s o o o o o o o 5 o o o o o 5 o o o o 5 o s o s 5 5 s s ^ s E 5 o 5 5 5 5 < < Z s < q: 5 -1 c 3 < < 0- < 1 1 1 1 1 1 i < 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 i 1 s. 1 Q 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 £ 1 ■£ 1 1 1 1 1 1 £ 1 1 E i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 Q 1 1 1 E 1 5 E 1 1 1 2 E 1 1 z ■z. < 1 1 1 2 1 1 ! 1 1 i 11 ■82' 0 i i ^ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i i 0 i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 S 5 S S S ^ s 5 5 s 5 5 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 ^ H 0 0 s s ■ E III 0 0 0 0 ^ 0 S S 8 S 5 5 5 S 5 E 0 E 0 0 0 0 0 0 H s 0 ^ s - • S ill S ^ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 0 5 S S 5 5 0 E n E 0 0 0 ^ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 s 5 5 ^ ^ ^ 0 S 5 5 5 5 5 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 H 0 0 0 0 0 ■ S ^11 S 0 ^ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 s H E s i i E 0 1 ^ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 E 0 5 E 5 5 5 5 5 E sS 5 I a s H s 0 0 0 0 0 2 < 2 < c z 1 oc i < a. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 0 1 5 z 5 0 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 ■£ 1 0 1 2 E 0 1 1 11 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 £ 1 1 1 0 1 I 1 1 2 I 1 1 1 I i 1 1 1 ? 1 i i a. 0 E < 5 1 < 1 1 If < 0 " i 1 1 c 1 lf 1 i o 11 111 ll 1^1 ^ s 5 S ^ s ^ ^ o o o ^ o III s o 5 o o o o o o o o ~ o o o o o o o S o a o ^ ^ 5 5 o o o o o o s o 5 s S ^ ^ 5 1 M ^ 5 o E s o o o o o o o o 1 o o o o o o o 5 o s o 5 5 Z < a. S 8 s < z s z S 1 s < DC < Q. 1 1 1 2 1 a O 1 1 O 1 -6 1 i i 1 ■6 1 1 1 ■6 1 1 1 1 1 2 i 1 i -5 s 1 o ! i 1 1 ■5 2 1 1 i 1 1 5 & ^ a. < < 1 9- 5 1 1 i ^ II iS 1 < ^ S ^ cc III Q 2 ^ S - - I H <>J ^ ^ ^ o ^ o o o o o o o o o o o E o o o 1 ^ 2 00 ^ - H H s ^ H o - o o o o ~ o ^ o o o o o o o o 1 a. 3 O o o 9 1 3 I;; i cc a < E < a. 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 < 1 E < 1 o z 1 1 i s i o 1 o i i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E i 1 < 1 E 1 1 E 1 z 1 > 'i < < 1 1 1 1 1 E o 1 5 nj o 1 1 1 3 6 t o 5 1 £ 1 1 •5 X 1 1 1 o 1 - c^ en m n 5 £ a, « o> o '^ c • i ■j cr III Q ° " ^ ^ o tsi o - z Q. O s < z 3 < CE Z 2 1 EC s < cc < o. 1 1 o 1 1 1 1 1 o j 1 1 •1 1 9 1 1 1 9 E - , 1 1 i o E ° 5 1 1 1 o 1 ■£ 1 o 8 E a 1 1 1 1 1 ■1 1 1 1 1 1 i i o 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 f 1 i i 1 i 1 1 i 1 E a. i < 3 1 < 1 J 1 X 1 1 ! ^ z !2 t£ ^ E 1 E !P o o o o o o o O o o o a o ^ o o o 5 o z ~ % o ~ s 5 S ^ o s o o o O o o o i o ^ o ^ s s 5 ^ i r>j S s ^ ^ s s 5 ^ s s ^ I s ^ s ^ 5 S o o o o o o o o o Z § < Z 2 e -1 OC a < s i 1 1 1 1 1 < 1 1 < i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 2 1 1 1 i ■B 1 1 1 1 ■£ 1 1 1 (P 1 1 i ■■ 1 i 5 1 i > 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 > 1 i ! 5 1 1 1 s 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 If z z z z o E o -J < < 1 1 I < O) t-S = (^ oooooooooooooooooooo oooooooooo o c Q o I ^ £ oooooooooooooooooooo oooooooooo o 11 IS O W LL 2 („ at ilIII I i§g?c» I ° I I II mill 1 1 i - 1 I iii||iliiiii I i I 1 11 1 1 illl o || I _ I ili|||||||f| V V io| ■ 1 < i < i 1 1 i 1 E E a. 1 o > 1 o 1 1 1 X i 1 1 1 s 5 1 1 1 , o ^ - c^ o (B ^ s s ^ » o. ° z 5 -5 — ~ IF o ^ - o o o o ^ o ^ o s ^ ^ ^ ^ o - ^ ^ ^ s z s ^ s ^ o £ s £ ^ • 1 ^1 o ^ lailon Coal Pile RunoH H ^ o o o o 5 5 s s 5 s £ o 5 o s o o o o - o o o o o £ £ £ £ £ £ i I c O t« o H 5 o5 I 5 s 5 o H o o o o o ^2 o o o o - £ 5 s 5 £ £ £ £ £ £ £ •r Bay Thermal G« Water Treatment Plant Neutralization Sump H " ^ 5^ I H o o o s o o o o o ^ o o o o ^ o ° 5 £ £ £ £ o £ £ £ Thund Ash Transport Water Treatment System Overflow ^ H ^ o o I o o o o o o o o o o H o o o o H o I 5 £ C\J £ o s o III -^ S '^ < « I (NJ O o o 5 5 s s s 5 5 o o o o o o o o ^ o o o o o o £ £ £ £ o 1 o n o o o o s 5 2 ^ " " s s o o " o o o o " o o o o o o o o o £ o ii s S < 1 f i t 1. 1 1 1 1 1 I Q 1 1 1 1 1 9 E E 1 1 1 1 g 1 o 1 ! 1 € 1 1 1 1 o 1 1. 1 1 1 5 1 § 1 5 1 1 § 1 1 ■£ 1 "9 1 1" 1 ? 8 ^ ■1 1 1 Q. 5 1 < 1 « i ^ 1 i 1 X 1 1 > ; i. - r ^ t C: 1 1 1 o E 1 1 111 o o o o o o o ^ o o o o o ^ s ^ ^ o o o ° o o o o o o o o o ^ ^ , 1 Ill o 5 s s 5 ^ s 5 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o s LI o o o o o o ^ - - o - o o o s ° ~ s o 5 5 - o - s 5 s o s ^ - CSI s o ^ = 1 1 ^ ^1 o o s o o o o 5 5 s 5 5 ^ 5 ^ 5 5 5 5 s ^ 5 5 o o s 5 s s o 5 Hi ■=2 2 ^ s ^ ^ s 5 5 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ° 1 "J 5 e o e o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 5 e o s e 5 s i i o e e 2 i s 1 Q " E 5 " o o o 5 o o o o o o s o o o o s o s o s o " 2 ^ o E o o o o o o z s o o o 2 ; w z cr S < < a. 1 < 1 1 1 < § 1 < i 1 1 c 1 1 1 0 1 •1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f 1 1 1 1 1 i 1" i 1 1 1 1 s i 1 i 1 1 1 a. 1 c Q. i -; s 1 5 1 c5 i 1 i 5 1 1 1 i 1 i 1 Q 2 1 5 E 2 2 1 z 2 < < 2 1 1 z 2 o - § - o o o o o o o o o 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/ 1 0/ 1 0/1 0/1 0/1 0/ 1 0/1 £ o J" c f 1 1 CMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCM CM oooooooooo o a 1 s CM CVJ OJ CNJ ts. CM OJCMCMCMCMtMCMCMC M CM CMCMCCM COOOCOOOCO o o o o o o OOOOOOOOC D O oooo oooooooooo o 1 o o o o o o ooooooooc oooo oooooooooo o i! r o ° % £(5 m NJCMCMCMCMCVJCMCMC o o o o o o 30000000C > O oooo oooooooooo o III If o o o o o o < DOOOOOOOC .o oooo oooooooooo o 1 r) CM CM CM CM CM C ')cr.cncocMcr.mcr>c- :, cvj cMCMcncr. monnnnmmojn n O O O O O O C 30000000C 5 O oooo oooooooooo o c - 2 < K 2 o 3 1 PARAMETERS 2,3,4,5-Tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol 2,3,5,6-TeIrachlorophenol 2,3,4-Trlchlorophenol 2,3,5Trichlorophenol 2,4,5Trichlorophenoi IlllllJ minm ;. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 E 0 Cresol p Cresol Penlachlorophenol Phenol 1 .2,3,4Telrachlorobenzene 1 ,2,3,5-Telrachlorobenzene 1 ,2,4,5 Tetrachlorobenzene 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 2,4,5Trichlorotoluene Hexachloro benzene Hexachlorobutadiene Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Hexachloroe thane Oclachlorostyrene Pentachlorobenzene ALYTICAL TEST GROUP Extractables. Acid (Phenolics) _ ^ IS " 1 1 I o 1 1 1 111 5 o S t II ® c o ^ o 5 o o ^ s o ^ o S ^ If si o o o o o o o o o o o S o jll ^1 o o o 5 o o o o o o o oj o 111 III Ml s ° o o s 5 o ° ° o H 5 til o o o o o o ^ s o s o H o ™ o o o o o o o o o o o " o 1 a o s i s < w 2 u. 2 3 oc < Q. ■o a 6 1 1 1 E 1 o 1 a o 1- "5 { s 1 1 1 1 ■D s 1 1 o i 1 1 1 3 = Q 2 1 ■D 1 i 1 1 1 1 9 2 1 1 1 i 5 2 1 -6 1 5 1 1 i 6 3 O OC o 3 2 1 1^ ^ ;^ ?3 ^ (0 i 1 E 1 |l ^ S . o 5 5 ^ ^ o ^ o H o o ~ - ^ ^ H 5 5 s s~ o o o 1 o o « 5 H o E o o o ^ ^ 5 ^ ^ ^ e o H o o o o rg O o o 1 1 1 il H o « o ^ ^ ^ H o o o ^ ^ ^ H ^ ^ s ^ ^ o o -^ O o o H ^ » o o ^ ^ H ^ o o - - o ~ ^ - s ^ ^ s s 5^ o o o o X 1 11 - o - - E - - - o - o - ° ^ i ^ - ^ - i s o o - o - o lis ^ o - - ^ ^ ^ ^ o ^ o ^ o E s ^ ^ ^ o o o o o - o ^ o < a. § < Z 2 s z z £ a < < a. i 1 1 i I i 1 i i < i z s 2 1 o 1 8 i 3 1 o 1 1 1 i V s \ e i 1 E E 1 1 1 1 z 1 1 1 8 > M 1 E < < E 1 Si 1 1 a. < c '< 6 1 E o 1 5 i i X z 1 1 H^ 3 1 1 X 1 < ZL _ n n J ■? 5 J? s ° :: X 1 03 E 7> \i o o S 5 ^ ^ s o o o o o o o o o o o o o o H o o o o o o 5 5 5 55 1 o o o s ^ 5 s ^ s o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o o o o o o 5 5 5 CM C\J 5 5 Is s ~ o o o o o 3 o o o 5 ^ 5 s s a s 2 s 5 5 ^ s a 5 55 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 i H s o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o s o o o o o o 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 U Si i ^ o o i o o o o i i i o i s o o 5 o o o ^ o o o o 5 5 5 o 5 5 5 ill 1- o o ^ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o o o s 5 o o s ^ ^^ I o 1 2 s 1 z 5 s < < a s 5 < 1 1 E 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ° 1 1 ? 1 1 9 i i E 1 i 1 1 1 i 1 i E 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 o 1 1 •6 I ■I 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 o 1 1 IJ E y. if u n 1 > 1 X Q. 1 If a. s >- < 1 a 1 1 1 1 1 J < ^ ^ - :£ C: in o o o o 5 5 5 ^ s o o o o ^ o 5 5 5 S s S o o o o o 5 5 E S o o E 5 o E 0) o o o o o s E s a o o o o o s 5 s 5 o o o o o o ^ ^ o 5 ^ s ^ o o o o o o o o o s a s o s o o o o 5 o 5 ^ s o o o o o o o 5 s 5 ^ ^ 5 o o :;i o s ^ 5 5 s o o o o ^ s s o ^ 5 o o o o o o o s s 5 o o o o o 5 o o ill = i ° s s o o o o o i i i s o o o o o o ^ i i i o o o o o o o s s s s Decew F T ranstorme Drainage Sump o o o o o o o ^ s ^ ^ s o o o o s 5 ^ s s o o o o o s s ^ ^ o o o o o < UJ w cc UJ 3 < < 1 ! l < § 1 ^ £ i c 1 i o 1 f 1 1 1 1 1 ■£ t 1 o 1 £ ! 1 i i 1 i 1 1 1 1 5 1 a. 1 1 2 5 1 t 2 1 1 1 1 1 t m 1 1 1 i 1 1 5 1 1 § 1 (5 1 o ! 9 5 1 ■£ 2 Q - 2 1 1 i i z 0. O oc o t- 1 1 l~ O) 'i a E 1 If o o 5 o o o o o o o o s o o o o o o o o o o o s o 5 5 o 5 o 1 o o o o o 2 o o o o o o ^ s ^ o o E o o o s o s s s ^ s 5 ^ s i \l o 5 s o s ^ s s ^ s s s CM o o 5 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o < I 1 ^ S s o s ^ S s 5 o s o 5 o ^ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o X I 1 II o i i o i i o o o o ^ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o i 5 i i i III o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o ^ ^ ^ s o ^ ^ o o o ^ o o o s 2 oc < a. 1 1 2 1 1 1^ 1 1 1 1 y 1 1 1 y 1 1 1 y 1 E 5 1 5 1 1 1 i o 5 o 1 1 1 1 f E 6 o 1 o 2 E c i 2 1 1 s 1 1 ■ 1 1 1 1 y < X i 1 1 1 t 1 i 1 i z o 1 1 c s. < < 1^ ll 1 ' 1 o J is. 1= ^ 55 5^ 5 o 5 5 5 o o J o E If o 5 5 5 c > 5 5 5 5 5 5 ^ 3 5 go 5 o o 5^ 5 O 5 5 o 5 O o J O 5 „ & ^ 5 o 5 c 3 O 5 5 o 5 5 ; - O ill = o 5 5 5 c i 5 5 i o o 5 : 5 Dec.w F Transforme Drainage Sump o o o 5 c 3 O o ^ ^ ^ 5 ^ ^ n u. Z 2 1 E a K c 3 1 < o < o Q. ro m s o i 86 i 1 1 •s 1 \ "9 \ 2 11 11 s ™ 2^ t 1 1 -5 1 § 1 1 i 2 i 1 i 1 2 2 i ■6 a. •6 1 1 i 1 ■5 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 i 5 S O cc c O c ►- 1 -i 1 y i 5 1 1 1 1 i 1 II 1 fi 1 ;; 1 1 1 1 z < • 1 ill H o » ^ H E H o o o o - 5 o rvi - - 5 - o o o o E o o o ||l s o - E - o H o o o o H o o o o !? o E E 5 5 E H o o s r s * - if ^ ° E ^ 12 s - 5 ^ ° H o o o o E o ^ s 5 s s E o o o o III li s o ~ m S " H ^ ^ e s " 5 5 s e E o H ^ E o o H o o o ^ i . z - o - o o - o o o o o o ^ o ^ - ^ ^ o - o i o II ^ s •^ E H o ^ o o o 1 i 1 < E E 1 , 1 i i z J E 1 > 1 i 1 1 i 1 >- < O E 1 1 1 1 i z 1 3 1 5 1 -8 1 1 E 1 1 1 z ■ - OVI CO 5 5 ™ ^ f 1 1 a. cc 0 s < < 1 f 1 1 1 1 - : >o u> Ci 1 1 • 1 I; • 1 1 ill » 1 1 o o o o o s o o o ^ ^ o o o o o o o o o s ^ s z ^ 5 5 o o o o o o o o o 5 1 " s ^ 5 ^ ^ ^ ^ s s s s ^ 5 (\J 5 E s 5 5 5 s o o o ^ o o o o o o eg o o o fvj Oi ill 1; o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o o o o o 5 5 o 5 o o 5 o 5 s s s s ^ o ^ ^ o e s e 5 5 o o o o o o o o o s o o o o o o ^ o o |i| o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o i o o i i i o o II CD o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o s o o 1 1 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1 o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o c o s o i o o o z < I s < z 2 oc z 2 Z E i e < a. 1 8 < 1 1 i < 2 i 1 < 1 < 1 1 1 1 t 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 a s 1 1 1 o 1 2 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 f 1 1 i 1 1 I 1 1 cO 1 1 1 c i 1 1 1 1 1 (5 1 1 5 1 E % 1 1 i § 1 1 1 E 1 HI 1 i 1 5 1 s 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 % E > f 1 * c z z 2 2 O o 2 <0 1 f 2 1 i 1 i: • z • 1 ill - 1 1 s o s o ^ o 5 o £ £ £ £ £ o £ £ £ £ £ o £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ o £ 1^1 5 1 z> 5 s s s o ^ s 5 s o o o £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ || If 5 s 5 5 5 s s s ^ o o o £ o £ o o o £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ ° £ 11 lit if o o o o o o o o o 5 o 5 £ £ s £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ pl £ £ - £ £ £ £ £ £ £ 2i S o 5 o o o o o o o o £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ 1 o o o o o o o o o o o £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ 5 2 o o o o ^ o ^ o H s s £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ o 1 a. o o 1 2 t- z z CO s < E < 0. 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 s 1 6 1 1 1 o o 1 1 E 1 o 1 1 j 1 1 1 1 1 o 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 c 1 1 1 1 1 1 i o 1 >• < 1 < 1 1 1 < o S ill ^5555^5 o o o o - o i\-' OJ CV CM r>J IN C>J C\J o o o o o o o o o o o eg o ling Station Radioactive Liquid Tank o o o o o o o O O O O CVJ o A Nuclear Genere Water Treatment Plant Neutralizatior Sump o o o o o o o o o o o - o Bruc Boiler Wet Lay up o o o o o o o o o o o ^ £ o It o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1 o o o o o o o o o o o - o 5 o o o o o o o eg eg (N oj rr> n o o o o - o 1! a er O « u. Z OS ^^ a PARAMETERS 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzop dioxin Octachlorodibenzo p dioxin Octachlorodibenzofuran Total heplachlonnated dibenzoturans Total hexachlorinaled dibenzo p dioxins Total hexachlonnated dibenzoturans Total pentachlonnated dibenzoturans Total letrachlorinated dibenzo p dioxins Total letrachlorinated dibenzoturans Oil and grease PCBs (Total) 1 ALYTICAL TEST GROUP Chlorinated Dibenzo p Solvent Extractables Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) (Total) i U 1 1^1 l:^ 1 m • 1 1 - 1 ^ o o - H ^ H o = o o H o o o 5 s ^ a ^ ^ £ 5 ^ o £ £ 1 o o " o 5 :: z 5 i i o :: o i :: o :: o o :; o o - o o o o 1 o o « o o :: ; i i i o ^ s o ^ 5 :: i i ^ o 5 :; o o o i f 1 c s s 1 !P s o ^ o H H ^ 5 ° o H ^ 5 ^ 5 o ^ ~ o s £ ^ ^ o o o 1 c 1 i < :^ o ° ^ ^ ^ o o - o ^ o o o o £ 5 o ^ s s 5 ^ 5 5 5 in ^ o CO - ^ ^ ^ 5 o ~ o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 5 5 1 e 1 5 S °^ - o 00 o 5 H H o o o o ^ o ^ ^ o £ o o H ^ £ ^ ^ ^ 5 5 II ^ o o o o H H o s 5 5 ^ £ s H 5 ^ ^ E ^ s o o ^ o o o z o 2 < Z cr 3 < a. ^ 1 2 X 1 I i 1 1 z 1 1 i 5 O i 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 E i < E 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 > ^ E < i < E 1 1 1 a. 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5 _ J? 5 «> m a. \- 1 1= 1 i c a 5 si o o z o o o o I o o o o i i o i i i i s o o o o o o o o o o o o o of o o o o o o o I o o ° s o o i s :; i o o i o o o o o :: o o o o o o S £ o o o o o o o i o i ^ o i o o o ^ o o o o o o i o o i i o s o o i ° 1 i o s o s o o i o o o o o o o o o i o o o s s i o o :: o :; o o o o o - - i i o s o o o s o i o o o o o o o o o o i i i i i i i o o i o - o i i i o o o s 5 o i o o o - o o o o o o :: i i ^ i i i i o o i: o o ^ o o o i o o o i o o o o o ° o o o i i i i i o o o o o o o o o o o o o i i o o 2 i o o o o o o o o o i o o 5 o o i o i i o o o o o o o o i i 3 o o o o i o o o o o o o o o o i s o o o s o i o :i o o " o o o o o o o o o o i o o o 5 o o o o o o o o o o o o i 5 s i| o o o ^ o o o i o o o o o o i o o o o o o o o o o s o o o o o o o r < 0. o s < z 3 < cc z 3 2 oc 2 3 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -2 ■5 ? 1 1 1 o 1 1 E 1 E 1 s 1 1 E f 1 1 1 o 1 1 Q ^ 1 1, 1 1 1 § 1 i 1 f i i 1 1 1 f 1 i 1 > 1 1 1 E a. >- 1 1 < % 8 1 ^ 1 ■ 1 ::! •z 11 "i ^ 1 1 £ 5 s 1 o o o o o o i o o o o o o o o o o o o o a £ 5 5 5 o o 5 5 s o i o o o o o o 2 o o o o o i o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 5 i o 5 5 5 o s 5 5 o 5 o o o o o 2 s o i i o o ° o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ^ o o i s s 5 s o i o o £ o 5 i i i i o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o i 5 o i i 5 o i o o £ 55 S o o o 5 i o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o i o o II o o o o o o o 5 o 5 s s s 5 5 s 5 a 5 i o 5 5 o s - o s o o s s o s i 5 11 5 i i i i i i s o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o i III o o o o o i i s o o s o o o o i o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o 1 o o o o o o o o o o s o o o o o o o o o s o 5 s i o o ^ o i ^ o - o o c o II 5 5 i o i o o o o 5 o o o o o o o o o o o o i o o i i o i o 2 o o i 2 o i -2 I o 5 3 i ^ i 5 o o o o o o o ° o o o o o o o 5 o o 5 o ^ o i o o o s o o i 1 $ O o 3 3 < cr 3 0. i 1 < 1 I 1 2 < i 1 < 1 1 i 1 1 1 o 1 1 1 1 t 1 ! 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i ■£ -I i i'; ^ 1 1 1 1 1 1 •1 2 i- 1 5 1 i 1 1 i 1 1 1 5 1 § 1 1 £§ £ i E 1 § 1 1 z I c z z a. 5 >- < 1 1 1 i _ - 1 ll 1 1 1 ii i 6 1 o % ?t U. ™ o o o o o o o o o o o o o , 1 S 5 5 5 5 i 5 o o o o o o E o 2 5 S S 5 5 5 5 ^ i s s 5 i • E o o o o o o 1 1 iiiisis o o o o - - Iff o o o o o o o o o o o - o 5 e 1 o o o o o o o o o o o - o C Pump house Drain o o o o o o o o o o o o o = o o o o o o o o o o o o o t t o o o o o o o o o o o - o li o o o o o o o 5 S 5 5 5 i O W li. z at < LU z 1 . = i IJIII ' Plilll o^^ S S ^ ^ ;;- 1 2 2 iS S iS cs,- o (5 ° ° ° ° III! ^ -6 -o -6 1P3 llli ^ ^ f f S 2 i § g Si i 1 t ra 2 i5 2 ™ o8 Q. is 1 II 1 11 = II » 1 1 i| 1 li < (>J s j;; 1 " E » ^ S E H S ^ H ^ H 5 e H ^ E o - - o 5 s E o o o - IS 1 5 5 H o CO o o E ^ o o o o H 5 £ :: ^ E ^ ^ :? 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O. I CD CD CO CD CO i . . CD . . CD CD CD 1 . en C m 0. CD CD m I . CO 0. . . CD I m CD CD CD CD CD 1 . m cn C CD CD i m CD CD CD CD 1 m . . . . CD . CD X . CD CD CD CD CD 03 CD i - c . - . . "" CO - - - - - " - in . - « c CO - - c 'J < ^ o K- 5 ^ 8 i < ^ I z i - . . CD . 5 - n ffi CD m o X z i m - CD CD - I . - m CD . I CD . . CD CD 1 m CD . . CD X m CD 0. . CD < X . CD . 0. CD 1 I CD CD c CD CD i . CD CD 0. X m . m CD . X . CD CD c CD i - c o - - . - » c. - - - - C o - < < c z 1 1 g w m TABLE 7 Summary of the Parameter/Frequency Assignment Rules PROCESS EFFLUENTS / BATCH DISCHARGE EFFLUENT / COMBINED EFFLUENT/ BOILER BLOWDOWN EFFLUENT DAILY Conventional Pollutants: All effluents Certain effluents pH, Specific Conductance (continuous monitoring preferred). TSS. Sulphide, TRO. THRICE WEEKLY Conventional Pollutants: Triggers Total Ammonia > = 10 mg/L (N03 + N02) > = 10 mg/L Pfienolics (4AAP) > = 10 ug/L Total Phosphiorus and Total nitrogen (sewage treatment plants only). Certain effluents (some or all of thie following) : Fossil-fuelled TGS Nuclear-powered TGS Associated Facilities DOC, TOC, Ammonia plus ammonium, nitrate plus nitrite, Total Phosphorus, TSS, VSS, Phenolics, Solvent Extractables. DOC, TOC, Ammonia plus ammonium, nitrate plus nitrite, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, DOC, TOC, Total Phosphorus, TSS, VSS, Solvent Extractables and Phenolics. DOC, TOC, Ammonia plus ammonium. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, nitrate plus nitrite, TSS, VSS, Total Phosphorus, Solvent Extractables, Phenolics. Priority Pollutants: Fossil and Nuclear TGS & Associated Facilities Copper. Zinc, Iron (EPA, Pre-regulation data) EPG Sector List Priority Pollutants > = Long Term Medians (LTM, Table 8) WEEKLY Conventional Pollutants: Certain effluents (some or all of the following): Fossil-fuelled TGS Nuclear-powered TGS Associated facilities Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites. Total Phosphiorus, Solvent Extractables, Phenolics. Ammonia plus ammonium. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, Total Phosphorus, Solvent Extractables, Phenolics. Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, total phosphorus, TSS, Solvent Extractables, Phenolics. Priority Pollutants: Fossil and Nuclear TGS & Associated Facilities EPG Sector List Priority Pollutants List > Method Detection Limit (MDL) < LTM. (e.g. Phenol > 2.4 ug/L) MONTHLY Conventional Pollutants: Certain effluents (some or all of the following) : Fossil-fuelled TGS Nuclear-powered TGS Associated facilities Ammonia plus ammonium, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, Nitrates plus Nitrites, DOC, TOC, phenolics and solvent extractables. Nitrates plus nitrites, solvent extractables. Ammonia plus ammonium, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, Nitrates plus nitrites, TOC, total phosphorus, TSS, phenolics, and solvent extractables. Priority Pollutants: Fossil and Nuclear TGS & Associated Facilities Complete analytical test group (ATG) if one member of group > MDL. (e.g. ATG 20 If Phenol > 2.4 ug/L) MONTHLY Biomonitoring Toxicity - Rainbow Trout (LC50 96h) Daphnia magna (LC50 48 h) Characterization / Open Characterization All conventional pollutants (see Table 3) ERG Sector Priority Pollutants (see Table 3) Open characterization - organic and elemental. EVENT DISCHARGE (Oily water separators - nuclear, effluent lagoon, treated coal pile effluent) MONTHLY / EVENT Fossil-fuelled TGS pH, specific conductance, ammonia plus ammonium, Total Kjeidahl Nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, DOC, TOC, Total phosphorus, TSS, Total metals. Iron, hydrides, hexavalent chromium, mercury, phenolics, solvent extractables, and neutral chlorinated extractables. Nuclear-powered TGS pH, DOC, TOC, Specific Conductance, TSS, VSS, Copper, Zinc, Iron, Phenolics, Solvent Extractables. Heavy Water Plants pH, DOC, TOC, Total phosphorus, specific conductance, TSS, Aluminum, Copper, Molybdenum, Mercury, Sulphide, Solvent Extractables, PCB's, Diethanolamine. MONTHLY / EVENT Biomonitoring Toxicity - Rainbow Trout (LC50 96 h) Daphnia magna (LC50 48 h) C) ONCE-THROUGH COOLING WATER (OTCW) DAILY Fossil and Nuclear TGS & Associated Facilities intake/discharge temperature required on condenser OTCW only. Total residual oxidants (TRO) at representative chlorination sampling points. TABLE 7 MONTHLY Conventional Pollutants: Fossil and Nuclear TGS & Associated Facilities Hydraulic Stations pH, Specific conductance, DOC, TOC, TSS, Total Phosphorus, Solvent Extractables, Additional parameters > MDL. pH, Specific Conductance, DOC, TOC, TSS, Total Phosphorus, Solvent Extractables. Priority Pollutants: Fossil and Nuclear TGS & Associated Facilities Hydraulic Stations all parameters > MDL PCB's, Best professional judgement. QUARTERLY Biomonitoring Toxicity - Rainbow Trout (LC50 96h) Daphnia magna (LC50 48 h) STORM WATER EFFLUENT MONTHLY The following parameters will be monitored: ATG. No. FOSSIL 3 (pH) XXX 5a (DOC) XXX 5b (TOC) XXX 6 (TotP) XXX 7 (Sp. Cond) XXX 8 (TSS) XXX 25 (Sol. Extr.) XXX Remainder lf> EPGS Sector List (Only) NUCLEAR ASSOCIATED FACILITIES XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX lf>l MDL If > MDL E) COAL PILE EFFLUENT MONTHLY / EVENT 1 2 data points per year. The following parameters shall be monitored: pH, Specific Conductance, ammonia plus ammonium, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, DOC, TOC, total phosphorus, TSS, Total metals. Iron, hydrides, hexavalent chromium, mercury, phenolics, solvent extractables and neutral chlorinated extractables. WASTE DISPOSAL SITE EFFLUENT Associated facilities : pH, specific conductance, ammonia plus ammonium. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, DOC, TOC, Total Phosphorus, TSS. Phenols, Solvent Extractables, > MDL. G) POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED BUILDING EFFLUENT/ EQUIPMENT CLEANING EFFLUENT The following core parameters to be monitored: pH, specific conductance, DOC, TOC, Total phosphorus, TSS, Copper, Zinc, Iron, solvent extractables, > MDL. H) EMERGENCY OVERFLOW EFFLUENT DURING DISCHARGE The following parameters require monitoring: pH, specific conductance, ammonia plus ammonium. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen, nitrates plus nitrites, DOC, TOC, TSS, Total Phosphorus, Solvent Extractables, Copper, Zinc, Iron. TABLE 8 - U.S. EPA BATEA PERFORMANCE DATA (OPTION 2) POLLUTANT OR POLLUTANT PROPERTY BY PRIORITY POLLUTANT CLASSES MEDIAN OF LONGTERM WEIGHTED MEANS (PPB) Halogenated Methanes (CI) Carbon tetrachloride 10 Chloroform 1 0 Methylene chloride 1 0 Methyl chloride 50 Bromoform 1 0 Bromodichloro methane 10 Chlorinated C2's 1,2-Dichloroethane 13.4 1,1,1 -Trichloroethane 1 0 Hexachloroethane 10 1 ,1 ,2-Trichloroethane 1 0 Chloroethane 50 1 ,1 -Dichloroethylene 1 0 1 ,2-trans-Dichloroethylene 1 0 Tetrachloroelhylene 10.7 Trichloroethylene 1 0 Vinyl chloride 10 Chlorinated C3's 1 ,2-Dichloropropane 59.4 1 ,3-DichloroDropylene 36 9 Chlorinated C4's Hexachlorobutadiene 1 0 ChloroalkyI Ethers bis(2-chloroisopropyhether 1 0 Metals Antimony 158 Arsenic 25.1 Chromium 64.5 Copper 27.7 Lead 100 Mercury 2 03 Nickel 166 Selenium 12 Zinc 69.5 Miscellaneous Acrylonitrile 50 Cyanide 64.9 POLLUTANT OR POLLUTANT PROPERTY BY PRIORITY POLLUTANT CLASSES MEDIAN OF LONGTERM WEIGHTED MEANS (PPB) Aromatlcs Benzene 1 0 Ethylbenzene 1 0 Toluene 10 Polyaromatlcs Acenaphthene 10 Fluoranthene 13 2 Naphthalene 1 0 Benzo(a)anthracene 1 0 Benzo(a)pyrene 1 0 3,4-Benzofluoranthene 1 0 Chrysene 1 0 Acenaphthylene 1 0 Anthracene 1 0 Fluorene 1 0 Phenanthrene 1 0 Pyrene 12.5 Chloro aromatlcs Chlorobenzene 15.9 1, 2, 4-Trichloro benzene 26 4 Hexachlorobenzene 1 0 o-Dichlorobenzene 52 3 m-Dichlorobenzene 21.3 p-Dichlorobenzene 1 0 Phthalate Esters bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phIhaiate 19 6 Di-n-butyl phthalate 22.2 Diethyl phthalate 44 4 Dimethyl phthalate 1 0 Nitroaromatlcs 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 219 2,6-Dinitrotoluene 255 Nitrobenzene 206 Benzidines 3, 3-Dichloro benzidine 262 Phenols 2,4-Dimethylphenol 10 6 Phenol 1 0 TABLE 8 - U.S. EPA BATEA PERFORMANCE DATA (OPTION 2) POLLUTANT OR POLLUTANT PROPERTY BY PRIORITY POLLUTANT CLASSES MEDIAN OF LONGTERM WEIGHTED MEANS (PPB) NItrophenols 2-Nitrophenol 24 4-Nitrophenol 50 2,4-DinitroDhenol 50 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol 20 Chlorophenols 2.4,6-Trichlorophenol 65 9 2-ChloroDhenol 1 0 2.4-Dichlorophenol 16 9 PentachloroDhenol 50 ^ O h- LU K Q ^ - ^ o - o o o o o en o c o re i T3 ^ ° z >. 1 1 I 0 a 2 i3 5 g. 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O . a . o . o , < , cc o> m o o o o 0 0 s 3 tr CC CL s CC OC QC a: CC z PARTC THE EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION FOR THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR ONTARIO REGULATION 726/89 under the Environmental Protection Act EFFLUENT MONITORING - ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR OFFICE VERSION THIS CONSOLIDATED EDITION IS PREPARED FOR PUPOSES OF CONVENIENCE ONLY, AND FOR ACCURATE REFERENCE RECOURSE SHOULD BE HAD TO THE ONTARIO GAZETTE (SCHEDULED FOR PUBLICATION JANUARY 13, 1990) TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE DEFINITIONS C-1 PURPOSE C-4 APPLICATION C-4 SAMPLING AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT POINTS C-8 BOILER SLOWDOWN EFFLUENT MONITORING SCHEDULE C-12 CHARACTERIZATION AND OPEN CHARACTERIZATION C-12 DAILY MONITORING C-14 THRICE-WEEKLY MONITORING C-14 WEEKLY MONITORING C-15 MONTHLY MONITORING C-16 EVENT DISCHARGE EFFLUENT MONITORING C-16 ONCE-THROUGH COOLING WATER MONITORING C-17 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT - GENERAL C-18 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT - CHALK RIVER NUCLEAR LABORATORIES C-1 9 MONTHLY MONITORING - STORM WATER AND COAL PILE EFFLUENT C-21 WASTE DISPOSAL SITE EFFLUENT MONITORING C-22 EQUIPMENT CLEANING EFFLUENT AND POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED BUILDING EFFLUENT MONITORING C-22 EMERGENCY OVERFLOW EFFLUENT MONITORING C-22 QUALITY CONTROL MONITORING C-22 TOXICITY TESTING C-24 FLOW MEASUREMENT C-26 REPORTING C-28 COMMENCEMENT C-32 REVOCATION C-32 REGULATION MADE UNDER THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT EFFLUENT MONITORING - ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR DEFINITIONS 1.-(1) In this Regulation, "batch discharge effluent stream" means a stream identified as a batch discharge effluent stream in a Schedule; "boiler blowdown effluent" means boiler blowdown water that is discharged, directly or indirectly, to a surface watercourse; "boiler blowdown water" means recirculating boiler water that is discharged from a boiler for the purpose of controlling the level of water in the boiler or for the purpose of discharging from the boiler materials contained in the recirculating boiler water the further buildup of which would impair the operation of the boiler; "boiler blowdown effluent sampling point" means a location in a boiler blowdown effluent stream situated. (a) before the place of discharge to a surface watercourse, and (b) upstream of any significant contaminant masking or significant dilution by any other effluent; "boiler blowdown effluent stream" means boiler blowdown effluent that flows through an open or closed channel; "characterization" means the analysis of a sample to identify and quantify all of the parameters in Schedule AA other than the parameters in analytical test groups E2 and E3 as set out in that Schedule; "chlorination sampling point" means a location in a once-through cooling water effluent stream situated, (a) before the place of discharge to a surface water-course, (b) downstream of any turbine exhaust steam condenser through which the stream flows, and (c) upstream of any point at which the stream joins any other stream; "coal pile effluent" means effluent from a coal pile area; C-1 "coal pile effluent sampling point" means a location in a coal pile effluent stream situated, (a) before the place of discharge to a surface watercourse, (b) upstream of any treatment, (c) upstream of any significant contaminant masking or significant dilution by any other effluent, and (d) downstream of the point at which the stream flows away from the coal pile area; "coal pile effluent stream" means coal pile effluent that flows through an open or closed channel; "equipment cleaning effluent" means, (a) effluent that results from the washing or chemical cleaning of industrial equipment, including boilers and heat exchangers, and (b) effluent that is discharged from a boiler following the wet layup of the boiler; "equipment cleaning effluent sampling point" means a location in an equipment cleaning effluent stream situated, (a) before the place of discharge to a surface watercourse, and (b) upstream of any significant contaminant masking or significant dilution by any other effluent; "equipment cleaning effluent stream" means equipment cleaning effluent that flows through an open or closed channel; "event discharge effluent" means effluent in an event discharge effluent stream; "event discharge effluent sampling point" means a location in an event discharge effluent stream situated, (a) before the place of discharge to a surface watercourse, and (b) upstream of any significant contaminant masking or significant dilution by any other effluent; "event discharge effluent stream" means a stream identified as an event discharge effluent stream in a Schedule; "General Effluent Monitoring Regulation" means Ontario Regulation 695/88; "once-through cooling water sampling point" means a location in a once-through cooling water effluent stream situated before the place of discharge to a surface watercourse and, (a) in the case of a plant in Category C, downstream of any additions of any other effluent, other than additions from water treatment plant neutralization sumps, or (b) in the case of any other plant, downstream of any additions of any other effluent; "potentially contaminated building effluent" means effluent, (a) that is collected from equipment drains, floor drains or trenches within a building into a sump, and (b) that is not known to be free from contamination by, (i) chemicals stored at a plant for use at the plant in an industrial process or in the maintenance or operation of industrial equipment, or (ii) chemicals used at a plant in an industrial process or in the maintenance or operation of industrial equipment; "potentially contaminated building effluent sampling point" means a location in a potentially contaminated building effluent stream situated, (a) before the place of discharge to a surface watercourse, (b) after any final treatment, and (c) upstream of any significant contaminant masking or significant dilution by any other effluent; "potentially contaminated building effluent stream" means potentially contaminated building effluent that flows from a sump through an open or closed channel; "process change" means a change in equipment, production process or treatment process; "process effluent" means, (a) effluent that comes into contact by design with any industrial process, or (b) effluent that is discharged from any pollution control system or device; "temperature measurement point" means a location in a once- through cooling water effluent stream located before the place of discharge to a surface watercourse and downstream of any heat exchanger located on the stream; (2) The definitions in section 1 of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation that are not redefined in this Regulation apply to this Regulation. (3) In the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, insofar as it governs direct dischargers to whom this Regulation applies, "batch discharge effluent" means effluent in a batch discharge effluent stream. (4) A reference in this Regulation to a column of a monitoring schedule for a stream is, in the case of a stream that is named in the schedule, a reference to a column headed by that stream's type and the name of the stream. (5) A reference in this Regulation to a column of a monitoring schedule for a stream is, in the case of a stream that is not named in the schedule, a reference to a column headed by that stream's type and the designation "unnamed". (6) For the purposes of subsections (4) and (5), stream types are the types referred to in subsection 4(1). 2. The purpose of this Regulation is to establish a data base on effluent quality in the electric power generation sector that, along with other pertinent information, will be used to develop effluent limits for that sector and to quantify the mass loadings of monitored contaminants being discharged by that sector into surface watercourses. APPLICATION 3.-(1) This Regulation applies only with respect to the plants listed in the Table in subsection (3) and only with respect to streams on which a sampling point or temperature measurement point is established under section 4, and, in addition, (a) subsection 22(27) applies to each once-through cooling water effluent stream in each plant listed in the Table in subsection (3), whether or not a sampling point or temperature measurement point is established on the stream, and (b) subsection 22(36) applies to each plant listed in Schedule DD, whether or not the plant is also listed in the Table in subsection (3). (2) For the purposes of this Regulation, the plants to which this Regulation applies are divided into categories as set out in the Table in subsection (3). (3) The monitoring schedule for each plant is as follows: C-4 Owner as of Monitoring August 1, 1989 Schedule CATEGORY A 1. Atikokan TGS Atikokan Ontario Hydro A 2. J.C. Keith TGS Windsor Ontario Hydro A 3. Lakeview TGS Mississauga Ontario Hydro A 4. Lambton TGS Courtright Ontario Hydro A 5. Lennox TGS S.Fredricksburgh Ontario Hydro A 6. Nanticoke TGS Nanticoke Ontario Hydro A 7. R.L. Hearn TGS Toronto Ontario Hydro A 8. Thunder Bay TGS Thunder Bay Ontario Hydro A CATEGORY B 9. Aguasabon GS Aguasabon River Ontario Hydro B 10. Arnprior GS Madawaska River Ontario Hydro B 11. Decew Falls NF 23 GS Welland Canal Ontario Hydro B 12. Pine Portage GS Nipigon River Ontario Hydro B 13. Silver Falls GS Kaministikwia R. Ontario Hydro B 14. Sir Adam Beck 2 GS Niagara River Ontario Hydro B CATEGORY C 15. Bruce NGS-A 16. Bruce NGS-B 17. Darlington NGS 18. Pickering NGS-A and B CATEGORY D 1 9. Bruce Heavy Water Plants CATEGORY E 20. Bruce Nuclear Power Development-Services CATEGORY F 21. Darlington NGS (under construction) CATEGORY G 22. Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories Tiverton Tiverton Bowmanville Pickering Bowmanville Chalk River C-5 Ontario Hydro Ontario Hydro Ontario Hydro Ontario Hydro Ontario Hydro Ontario Hydro Ontario Hydro Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. Owner as of Monitoring August 1 , 1 989 Schedule CATEGORY H 23. Douglas Point WMF CATEGORY I 24. Nuclear Power Demonstration WMF Rolphton Atomic Energy H of Canada Ltd. Atomic Energy I of Canada Ltd. C-6 (4) This Regulation is a Sectoral Effluent Monitoring Regulation within the meaning of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (5) Each direct discharger shall carry out the monitoring obligations of this Regulation, including the sampling, analysis, toxicity testing, flow measurement, recording and reporting obligations of this Regulation, in accordance with the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (6) Each direct discharger shall carry out the sampling and analytical obligations in relation to samples to be analyzed for parameters in analytical test groups El, E2 and E3 as set out in Schedule AA in accordance with Schedules BB and CC. (7) In addition to complying with subsection 3(19) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, each direct discharger shall use only sampling equipment for the collection of samples, the wettable surfaces of which are made of, (a) fluorocarbon resins, glass or stainless steel for samples that are to be analyzed for parameters in analytical test group E3 as set out in Schedule AA; and (b) fluorocarbon resins, glass, stainless steel, high or low density polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene or polypropylene for samples that are to be analyzed for parameters in analytical test groups El and E2 as set out in Schedule AA. (8) Despite subsection (7), a direct discharger may use sampling devices that contain a short section of surgical grade silicone rubber tubing or other tubing approved by the Director if such tubing cannot be replaced by a material mentioned in subsection (7) without impairing the operation of the device. (9) For the purposes of subsections 3(22), (25a) and (26) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, (a) a sample collected for analysis for parameters in more than one analytical test group as set out in Schedule AA is deemed to be a sample collected for analysis for parameters in more than one analytical test group in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation; and (b) a laboratory sample container specified in Column 2 of Schedule BB to this Regulation is deemed to be a laboratory sample container specified in Column 2 of Schedule 2 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (10) Instead of the minimum sample volumes specified in Column 5 of Schedule BB, a direct discharger may, in relation to a sample to be analyzed, submit to the laboratory performing the analysis the minimum sample volume required by the laboratory to meet the analytical method detection limits set out in Column 6 of Schedule CC. (11) Each direct discharger shall carry out the monitoring obligations, including the sampling, analysis, toxicity testing, flow measurement, recording and reporting obligations of this Regulation in relation to boiler blowdown effluent and event discharge effluent in accordance with the methods specified in the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation in relation to process effluent. (12) Each direct discharger shall carry out the monitoring obligations, including the sampling, analysis, flow measurement, recording and reporting obligations of this Regulation in relation to coal pile effluent in accordance with the methods specified in the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation in relation to storm water. (13) Each direct discharger shall carry out the monitoring obligations, including the sampling, analysis, flow measurement, recording and reporting obligations of this Regulation in relation to equipment cleaning effluent and potentially contaminated building effluent in accordance with the methods specified in the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation in relation to waste disposal site effluent. (14) Each direct discharger shall carry out the sampling and analytical obligations of this Regulation in relation to boron, lithium, strontium, bromodichloromethane, biphenyl and diphenyl ether in accordance with Notes A to F to Schedule AA. (15) An obligation on a direct discharger to do a thing under this Regulation is discharged if another person has done it on the direct discharger's behalf. (16) Sections 4 to 21 cease to apply in respect of a sampling point of a direct discharger where an approval is granted under subsection 24(1) of the Ontario Water Resources Act, (a) to route the effluent stream on which the sampling point is established to a sewage works; or (b) to eliminate the effluent stream on which the sampling point is established. SAMPLING AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT POINTS 4.-(1 ) Each direct discharger shall, by the 1 st day of April, 1 990, establish sampling points on effluent streams of the discharger, as follows: 1 . A batch discharge effluent sampling point on each batch discharge effluent stream named in the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. 2. A boiler blowdown effluent sampling point on each boiler blowdown effluent stream in the discharger's plant. 3. A coal pile effluent sampling point on each coal pile effluent stream in the discharger's plant. 7. A chlorination sampling point on each once-through cooling water effluent stream that is periodically dosed by the discharger with sodium hypochlorite or chlorine and that passes through a turbine exhaust steam condenser. A combined effluent sampling point on each combined effluent stream named in the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. An emergency overflow effluent sampling point on each emergency overflow effluent stream in the discharger's plant. An equipment cleaning effluent sampling point on each equipment cleaning effluent stream in the discharger's plant, in the case of the plants in Category A, C or E. An equipment cleaning effluent sampling point on each equipment cleaning effluent stream named in the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant, in the case of the plants in Category D or F. An event discharge effluent sampling point on each event discharge effluent stream named in the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. A once-through cooling water sampling point on the largest once- through cooling water effluent stream in the discharger's plant, in the case of all plants other than the plants in Category B and the plants referred to in subsection 3(3) as Lambton TGS, Lennox TGS and Pickering NGS-A and B. A once-through cooling water sampling point on any two transformer once-through cooling water effluent streams in the discharger's plant, in the case of the plants referred to in subsection 3(3) as Decew Falls NF 23 GS and Sir Adam Beck 2 GS. A once-through cooling water sampling point on the largest once- through cooling water effluent stream in the discharger's plant and on any two transformer once-through cooling water effluent streams in the discharger's plant, in the case of the plants referred to in subsection 3(3) as Lambton TGS and Lennox TGS. A once-through cooling water sampling point on the streams referred to at the plant as the NGS-A Reactor Building Service Water Stream, the Auxiliary Irradiated Fuel Bay Service Water Stream, the Sulzer Service Water Area Stream, the U.P.P. Service Water Stream, the Condenser Cooling Water Units 1 and 2 Stream, the Condenser Cooling Water Unit 3 Stream and the Condenser Cooling Water Unit 4 Stream, in the case of the part of the plant known as Pickering NGS-A at the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as Pickering NGS-A and B. 14. A once-through cooling water sampling point on the largest once- through cooling water effluent stream and on the stream referred to at the plant as the NGS-B Reactor Building Service Water Stream, in the case of the part of the plant known as Pickering NGS-B at the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as Pickering NGS-A and B. 15. A potentially contaminated building effluent sampling point on each potentially contaminated building effluent stream in the discharger's plant. 16. A process effluent sampling point on each process effluent stream named in the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. 1 7. A storm water sampling point on each storm water effluent stream in the discharger's plant, in the case of all plants other than the plants in Category B or G. 1 8. A storm water sampling point on each storm water effluent stream named in the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant, in the case of the plants in Category B or G. 19. A waste disposal site effluent sampling point on each waste disposal site effluent stream in the discharger's plant, in the case of all plants other than the plants in Category E or G. 20. A waste disposal site effluent sampling point on each waste disposal site effluent stream named in the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant, in the case of the plants in Category E or G. (2) A direct discharger who has more than one storm water catchment area with the same land use may, by the 1st day of April, 1990, instead of establishing sampling points on each storm water effluent stream that originates from each such catchment area as required by paragraph 17 of subsection (1), establish sampling points only on, (a) each storm water effluent stream that originates from the dirtiest of those areas; and (b) each storm water effluent stream that originates from any of those areas if it is named in the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (3) For the purpose of subsection (2), one catchment area is dirtier than another if the effluent that flows from it is more likely to harm the natural environment than the effluent that flows from the other area. (4) A determination by a direct discharger under subsection (2) as to the relative dirtiness of two or more catchment areas in the discharger's plant is deemed to be accurate so long as it was made reasonably and in good faith. (5) Subject to subsections 6(3), 1 1 (3) and 20(8), each direct discharger shall use the sampling points established under subsections (1) and (2) for all sampling required by this Regulation, except that a direct discharger may use alternate sampling points where that is acceptable to the Director. (6) Subject to subsections (7) and (8). in the case of the plants in Category A, C, D and G, each direct discharger shall, by the 1st day of April, 1990, establish a temperature measurement point on each once-through cooling water effluent stream on which the discharger is required by subsection (1) to establish a sampling point. (7) In the case of the part of the plant known as Pickering NGS-A at the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as Pickering NGS-A and B, a temperature measurement point need only be established on the largest once-through cooling water effluent stream and on the stream referred to at the plant as the NGS-A Reactor Building Service Water Stream. (8) In the case of the part of the plant known as Pickering NGS-B at the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as Pickering NGS-A and B, a temperature measurement point need only be established on the largest once-through cooling water effluent stream. (9) Subject to subsection (11), each direct discharger shall collect each sample required to be collected from a process, combined or event discharge effluent sampling point as a composite sample in accordance with subsection 3(4) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (10) Despite subsection 3(1 1 ), each direct discharger shall collect each sample required to be collected from a boiler blowdown effluent sampling point in accordance with clauses 3(4)(c), (d) or (e) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (1 1) In the case of the plants in Category C, each direct discharger shall collect each sample required to be collected from an event discharge effluent sampling point as a single grab sample taken during the second half of a discharge in the stream. (12) Each direct discharger shall collect all samples required to be collected by clause 6(1 )(a), subsection 6(6) and sections 8, 9 and 10 from any process effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent streams that flow into the same once-through cooling water effluent stream on the same days, to the extent that the sampling frequency requirements of this Regulation permit. BOILER BLOWDOWN EFFLUENT MONITORING SCHEDULE 5.-(1) Where there are two or more boiler blowdown effluent streams in a plant, the direct discharger for the plant meets the monitoring requirements of sections 7 to 10 and 20 in relation to those streams during the period beginning the 1 St day of June, 1 990 and ending the 31 st day of May, 1 991 if the discharger monitors those streams in accordance with a schedule that ensures that, (a) each boiler blowdown effluent stream in the plant is monitored under all of sections 7 to 10 and 20 throughout at least two months in the period; and (b) at least one boiler blowdown effluent stream in the plant is monitored under all of sections 7 to 10 and 20 throughout each month in which boiler blowdown effluent is discharged from the discharger's plant in the period. (2) For the purposes of clauses 1 (a) and (b), a boiler blowdown effluent stream is monitored under all of sections 7 to 10 and 20 throughout a month if it is monitored under all of the sections throughout the same month. (3) Where there are two or more boiler blowdown effluent streams in a plant, the direct discharger for the plant meets the monitoring requirements of section 7 in relation to those streams on and after the 1st day of June, 1991 , if the discharger monitors only one of those streams. (4) The part of the plant known as Pickering NGS-A and the part of the plant known as Pickering NGS-B, at the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as Pickering NGS-A and B, are each plants within the meaning of subsections (1) and (3). CHARACTERIZATION AND OPEN CHARACTERIZATION 6.-(1) Each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples sufficient to perform all of the analyses required by subsection (8) from each process effluent, combined effluent, event discharge effluent and batch discharge effluent sampling point of the discharger, (a) on one operating day in each quarter; and (b) once, on an operating day, within thirty days after every process change that is expected to adversely affect the quality of effluent at that sampling point. 0-12 (2) Subject to subsection (3), where a direct discharger has been unable to collect a set of samples fronn an event discharge effluent sampling point in any quarter as required by clause 6(1 )(a) because of insufficient flow throughout the quarter, the discharger shall, as soon as possible, collect a compensating set of samples sufficient to perform all of the analyses required by subsection (8) from that sampling point, on an operating day on which a set of samples is not collected from that point under clause 6(1 )(a). (3) In the case of the plants referred to in subsection 3(3) as Lambton TGS and Lakeview TGS, where a direct discharger is unable to collect a set of samples from an event discharge effluent sampling point in any quarter as required by clause 6(1 )(a) because of insufficient flow throughout the quarter, the discharger shall, during the quarter, collect a compensating set of samples sufficient to perform all of the analyses required by subsection (8) from the pond that feeds the stream on which the sampling point is situated. (4) Samples collected under subsection (3) shall be collected at a location in the pond situated within ten metres of the mouth of the stream. (5) Clause (1)(b) does not apply to experimental process changes of less than thirty days in duration. (6) On one operating day in each quarter, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples sufficient to perform all of the analyses required by subsection (8) from each boiler blowdown effluent sampling point of the discharger from which samples are collected under sections 7 to 10 and 20 in the month in which the operating day falls. (7) For the purpose of subsection 4(3) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, all samples collected under subsections (1) to (3) and (6) are collected for characterization. (8) Each direct discharger shall perform a characterization and an open characterization on each set of samples collected under subsections (1) to (3) and (6). (9) A direct discharger need only fulfill the requirements of clause (1)(a) and subsection (6) in four consecutive quarters. (10) For the purposes of clause (1)(a) and subsection (6), samples collected from a sampling point after the first sample is collected from that sampling point under clause (1 )(a) or subsection (6) shall be collected no sooner than six weeks and no later than four months after the previous sampling under clause (1)(a) or subsection (6) from that sampling point. C-13 DAILY MONITORING 7.-(1) During each operating day, each direct discharger shall take a single grab sample from each sampling point on each process effluent stream indicated in the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant as requiring analytical test group E2 daily monitoring, and shall analyze the sample for the parameters in analytical test group E2. (2) During each operating day, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples from each process effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent sampling point of the discharger, and shall analyze each such set for the parameters indicated in the daily column, for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (3) Subsection (2) does not apply in respect of a stream on any day on which a sufficient volume of sample cannot be collected from the stream because of the collection of inspection samples. THRICE-WEEKLY MONITORING 8.-(1) On three operating days in each week, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples sufficient to perform the analyses required by subsections (2) and (3) from each process effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent sampling point of the discharger. (2) Each direct discharger shall analyze each set of samples collected under subsection (1 ) for the parameters indicated in the thrice-weekly column, for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (3) Each direct discharger for the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as Nanticoke TGS shall, in addition to performing the analyses required by subsection (2), analyze each set of samples collected under subsection (1) from the stream referred to at the plant as the Ash Transport Water System Stream for the parameter selenium in analytical test group 10 as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (4) In the case of a plant in Category C or F at which ammonia is not added to recirculating boiler water, a direct discharger need not analyze sets of samples collected under subsection (1 ) from a boiler blowdown effluent stream for the parameter ammonia plus ammonium in analytical test group 4a as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent fvlonitoring Regulation. (5) In the case of a plant in Category C at which morpholine is not added to recirculating boiler water, a direct discharger need not analyze sets of samples collected under subsection (1 ) from a boiler blowdown effluent stream for the parameters in analytical test groups 5a and 5b as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. WEEKLY MONITORING 9.-(1) On one operating day in each week, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples sufficient to perform the analyses required by subsections (2) to (6) from each process effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent sampling point of the discharger. (2) Each direct discharger shall analyze each set of samples collected under subsection (1 ) for the parameters indicated in the weekly column, for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (3) Each direct discharger for the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as Thunder Bay TGS shall, in addition to performing the analyses required by subsection (2), analyze each set of samples collected under subsection (1) from the streams referred to at the plant as the Water Treatment Plant Neutralization Sump Stream and the Ash Transport Water System Stream for the parameter chloroform in analytical test group 16 as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (4) In the case of a plant in respect of which subsection 8(4) applies, each direct discharger shall, in addition to performing the analyses required by subsection (2), analyze each set of samples collected under subsection (1 ) from each boiler blowdown effluent stream of the discharger for the parameter ammonia plus ammonium in analytical test group 4a as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (5) In the case of a plant in respect of which subsection 8(5) applies, each direct discharger shall, in addition to performing the analyses required by subsection (2), analyze each set of samples collected under subsection (1) from each boiler blowdown effluent stream of the discharger for the parameters in analytical test groups 5a and 5b as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (6) Each direct discharger for the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as Pickering NGS-A and B shall, in addition to performing the analyses required by subsection (2), analyze each set of samples collected under subsection (1 ) from the stream referred to at the plant as the Radioactive Liquid Waste Management Tanks Stream for the parameters cadmium and lead in analytical test group 9 as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (7) Each set of samples collected under subsection (1) shall be collected on one of the days on which a sample is collected under subsection 8(1 ) from the same sampling point, if a sample is collected from that sampling point under subsection 8(1) in the week. (8) For the purposes of subsection (1 ), samples collected from a sampling point after the first sample is collected from that sampling point under subsection (1 ) shall be collected no sooner than two days after the previous sampling under subsection (1) from that sampling point. MONTHLY MONITORING 10.-(1) On one operating day in each month, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples sufficient to perform the analyses required by subsections (2) and (3) from each process effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent sampling point of the discharger. (2) Each direct discharger shall analyze each set of samples collected under subsection (1) for the parameters indicated in the monthly column, for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (3) Each direct discharger for the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as Pickering NGS-A and B shall, in addition to performing the analyses required by subsection (2), analyze each set of samples collected under subsection (1) from the stream referred to at the plant as the Radioactive Liquid Waste Management Tanks Stream for the parameters in analytical test group 24 as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (4) Each set of samples collected under subsection (1) shall be collected on one of the days on which a sample is collected under subsection 8(1 ) from the same sampling point, if a sample is collected from that sampling point under subsection 8(1) in the month. (5) Each set of samples collected under subsection (1) shall be collected on one of the days on which a sample is collected under subsection 9(1) from the same sampling point, if a sample is collected from that sampling point under subsection 9(1) in the month. (6) For the purposes of subsection (1 ), samples collected from a sampling point after the first sample is collected from that sampling point under subsection (1) shall be collected no sooner than two weeks after the previous sampling under subsection (1) from that sampling point. EVENT DISCHARGE EFFLUENT MONITORING 11.-(1) On one operating day in each month, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples from each event discharge effluent sampling point of the discharger, and shall analyze each such set for the parameters indicated in the column for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (2) Subject to subsection (3), where a direct discharger has been unable to collect a set of samples from an event discharge effluent sampling point in any month as required by subsection (1) because of insufficient flow throughout the month, the discharger shall, as soon as possible, collect a compensating set of samples from that sampling point, on an operating day on which a set of samples is not collected from that point under subsection (1), and shall analyze each such set for the parameters indicated in the column for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (3) In the case of the plants referred to in subsection 3(3) as Lambton TGS and Lakeview TGS, where a direct discharger is unable to collect a set of samples from an event discharge effluent sampling point in any month as required by subsection (1) because of insufficient flow throughout the month, the discharger shall, on an operating day during the month, collect a compensating set of samples from the pond that feeds the stream on which the sampling point is situated, and shall analyze each such set for the parameters indicated in the column for that stream, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (4) Samples collected under subsection (3) shall be collected at a location in the pond situated within ten metres of the mouth of the stream. ONCE-THROUGH COOLING WATER MONITORING 12.-(1) On one operating day in each month, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples from each once-through cooling water sampling point of the discharger, and shall analyze each such set for the parameters indicated in the monthly column, for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (2) Each set of samples collected under subsection (1) from a once-through cooling water effluent stream shall be collected on one of the days on which a sample is collected under subsection 10(1) from a stream that flows into that once- through cooling water effluent stream, if any. (3) For the purpose of subsection (1 ), samples collected from a sampling point after the first sample is collected from that sampling point under subsection (1 ) shall be collected no sooner than two weeks after the previous sampling from that sampling point under subsection (1) (4) Each direct discharger who periodically doses once-through cooling water effluent streams with sodium hypochlorite or chlorine shall collect a single grab sample during the second half of each dosing period from an affected chlorination sampling point of the discharger, and shall analyze the sample for the parameter in analytical test group E2 as set out in Schedule AA. C-17 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT - GENERAL 13.-(1) Each direct discharger shall, throughout each operating day, continuously measure the temperature of the effluent at each temperature measurement point established under subsections 4(6) to (8) for the discharger's plant, and shall calculate hourly temperature averages for each point based on readings taken at intervals no greater than fifteen minutes throughout each operating day. (2) Each direct discharger shall, throughout each operating day, continuously measure the temperature of water taken into the discharger's plant directly from a surface watercourse, and shall calculate hourly intake water temperature averages based on readings taken at intervals no greater than fifteen minutes throughout each operating day. (3) Each direct discharger shall calculate a temperature rise for each hour of each operating day in relation to each temperature measurement point, by subtracting the intake water temperature average for the hour as calculated under subsection (2) from the temperature average for the hour for that point as calculated under subsection (1). (4) Each direct discharger shall, based on the calculations made under subsections (1) to (3), calculate and record the following: 1 . An average temperature rise in relation to each temperature measurement point for each operating day, being the average of the hourly temperature rises calculated under subsection (3) in relation to that point on that day. 2. A minimum temperature rise in relation to each temperature measurement point for each operating day, being the lowest of the hourly temperature rises calculated under subsection (3) in relation to that point on that day. 3. A maximum temperature rise in relation to each temperature measurement point for each operating day, being the highest of the hourly temperature rises calculated under subsection (3) in relation to that point on that day. 4. An average intake water temperature for each operating day, being the average of the hourly averages calculated under subsection (2) on that day. 5. A minimum intake water temperature for each operating day, being the lowest of the hourly averages calculated under subsection (2) on that day. 6. A maximum intake water temperature for each operating day, being the highest of the hourly averages calculated under subsection (2) on that day. 7. An average temperature for each temperature measurement point for each operating day. being the average of the hourly averages calculated under subsection (1 ) for that point on that day. 8. A minimum temperature for each temperature measurement point for each operating day, being the lowest of the hourly averages calculated under subsection (1) for that point on that day. 9. A maximum temperature for each temperature measurement point for each operating day, being the highest of the hourly averages calculated under subsection (1) for that point on that day. (5) Where on any operating day a direct discharger cannot meet a requirement to continuously measure the temperature of the effluent at a temperature measurement point under subsection (1 ) or to continuously measure the temperature of intake water under subsection (2). because of equipment malfunction and all reasonable care has been taken to avoid and correct the malfunction, or because of necessary equipment maintenance carried out with despatch, the discharger may instead, (a) at intervals no greater than one hour throughout the day, take compensating temperature measurements of the effluent or intake water, as the case may be; or (b) using an energy balance, make a compensating temperature calculation for the day for the effluent or intake water, as the case may be. (6) Where the taking of temperature measurements or the calculation of temperature under subsection (5) makes it impossible for a direct discharger to calculate a value required to be calculated and recorded under subsection (4), the discharger may instead use the data obtained under subsections (1) to (5) to calculate and record the closest possible approximation of that value. (7) Each direct discharger shall use a resistance temperature detector or an instrument of equivalent accuracy when measuring temperature under subsections (1 ) and (2). (8) This section does not apply in respect of plants in Category B, E, F, G, H or I. TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT - CHALK RIVER NUCLEAR LABORATORIES 14.-(1) This section applies only in respect of the plant in Category G. (2) Each direct discharger shall, throughout each operating day, continuously measure and record the temperature of the effluent at the temperature measurement point established under subsection 4(6) for the discharger's plant. C- 19 (3) Each direct discharger shall examine the record generated under subsection (2) for each operating day and shall, based on the examination, select the hour during the day during which the temperature of the effluent at the temperature measurement point appears to have been, on average, the highest. (4) Each direct discharger shall calculate the average temperature of the effluent at the temperature measurement point during the hour selected for each operating day under subsection (3), and shall record the calculated average as the daily maximum temperature at the temperature measurement point. (5) Each direct discharger shall, throughout each operating day, continuously measure and record the temperature of water taken into the plant directly from a surface watercourse, and shall calculate and record an intake water temperature average for each operating day based on a minimum of eight readings taken at approximately equal time intervals throughout the day. (6) Each direct discharger shall calculate and record a temperature rise for each operating day by subtracting the intake water temperature average for the day as calculated under subsection (5) from the maximum temperature at the temperature measurement point for the day, as calculated under subsection (4). (7) Where on any operating day a direct discharger cannot meet the requirement to continuously measure the temperature of the effluent at the temperature measurement point under subsection (2) or to continuously measure the temperature of intake water under subsection (5), because of equipment malfunction and all reasonable care has been taken to avoid and correct the malfunction, or because of necessary equipment maintenance carried out with despatch, the discharger may instead, (a) at intervals no greater than eight hours throughout the day, take compensating temperature measurements of the effluent or intake water, as the case may be; or (b) using an energy balance, make a compensating temperature calculation for the day for the effluent or intake water, as the case may be. (8) Where the taking of temperature measurements or the calculation of temperature under subsection (7) makes it impossible for a direct discharger to calculate a value required to be calculated and recorded under subsections (4) to (6), the discharger may instead use the data obtained under subsections (2) to (7) to calculate and record the closest possible approximation of that value. (9) Each direct discharger shall use a resistance temperature detector or an instrument of equivalent accuracy when measuring temperature under subsections (2) and (5). C-20 MONTHLY MONITORING - STORM WATER AND COAL PILE EFFLUENT 15.-(1) On one operating day in each month, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples sufficient to perform the analyses required by subsections (3) to (5) from each storm water sampling point and coal pile effluent sampling point of the discharger. (2) Where a direct discharger has been unable to collect a set of samples from a storm water sampling point or a coal pile effluent sampling point in any month as required by subsection (1) because of insufficient flow throughout the month, the discharger shall, as soon as possible, collect a compensating set of samples from that sampling point, on an operating day on which a set of samples is not collected from that point under subsection (1 ), sufficient to perform the analyses required by subsections (3) to (5). (3) Each direct discharger shall analyze each set of samples collected under subsections (1) and (2) for the parameters indicated in the column for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (4) Each direct discharger for the plant referred to in subsection 3(3) as R.L. Hearn TGS shall, in addition to performing the analyses required by subsection (3), analyze each set of samples collected under subsections (1) and (2) from each storm water effluent stream of the discharger for the parameters 2-methylnaphthalene and naphthalene in analytical test group 19 as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation and for the parameters in analytical test group 24 as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent IVlonitoring Regulation. (5) Each direct discharger for the plants referred to in subsection 3(3) as Decew Falls NF 23 GS and Sir Adam Beck 2 GS shall, in addition to performing the analyses required by subsection (3), analyze each set of samples collected under subsections (1) and (2) from the streams referred to at each plant as the Transformer Yard Drain Stream for the parameter o-Xylene and for the parameter m-Xylene and p-Xylene, both in analytical test group 17 as set out in Schedule 1 to the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (6) Each direct discharger shall make every reasonable effort to ensure that the samples collected under subsection (1) from each storm water and coal pile effluent sampling point of the discharger in at least two of the months of January, February, March, April and May are collected during a thaw with collection during the second thaw to occur no sooner than two weeks after collection during the first thaw. C-21 WASTE DISPOSAL SITE EFFLUENT MONITORING 16.-(1) On one operating day in each month, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples from each waste disposal site effluent sampling point of the discharger, during a discharge that affects the sampling point, and shall analyze each such set for the parameters indicated in the column for the stream from which the set was collected of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of a stream during any month in which a sufficient volume of sample cannot be collected from the stream because of lack of flow. EQUIPMENT CLEANING EFFLUENT AND POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED BUILDING EFFLUENT MONITORING 17.-(1 ) On one operating day in each month, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples from each equipment cleaning effluent and potentially contaminated building effluent sampling point of the discharger, during a discharge that affects the sampling point, and shall analyze each such set for the parameters indicated in the column for the stream from which the set was collected of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply in respect of a stream during any month in which a sufficient volume of sample cannot be collected from the stream because of lack of flow. EMERGENCY OVERFLOW EFFLUENT MONITORING 18.-(1) During each emergency overflow, each direct discharger shall collect a set of samples from each affected emergency overflow effluent sampling point of the discharger, and shall analyze each such set for the parameters indicated in the column for the stream from which the set was collected of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (2) Subsection (1) does not apply if the collection of samples would result in extraordinary danger to health or safety. QUALITY CONTROL MONITORING 19.-{1) Each direct discharger shall select, for the purpose of this section, the process effluent stream in respect of which the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant indicates the largest number of parameters to be analyzed for in analytical test groups 16 to 20. 23, 24 and 27. (2) If a direct discharger's plant has no process effluent stream in respect of which a parameter in analytical test groups 16 to 20, 23, 24 and 27 is required to be analyzed for, the discharger shall instead select the process effluent stream in respect of which the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant indicates the largest number of parameters to be analyzed for in all analytical test groups. (3) if a direct discharger's plant has no process effluent stream, the discharger shall instead select the combined effluent stream in respect of which the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant indicates the largest number of parameters to be analyzed for in analytical test groups 16 to 20, 23, 24 and 27. (4) If a direct discharger's plant has no process effluent stream, and has no combined effluent stream in respect of which a parameter in analytical test groups 16 to 20, 23, 24 and 27 is required to be analyzed for, the discharger shall instead select the combined effluent stream in respect of which the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant indicates the largest number of parameters to be analyzed for in all analytical test groups. (5) For the purposes of subsections (6) and (7), where a direct discharger collects a composite sample using an automatic composite sampling device, the discharger may. instead of collecting a duplicate sample, remove an aliquot from each sample container used to collect the sample, in which case the discharger shall analyze the aliquots as if they were duplicate samples. (6) Once in each month, on the day on which samples are collected under section 10 from the sampling point on the effluent stream selected under subsections (1 ) to (4), if any stream is so selected, each direct discharger shall collect a duplicate sample for each sample collected on that day from that sampling point under sections 7 and 8, and shall analyze the set of duplicate samples for the parameters indicated in the daily and thrice-weekly columns, for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (7) Once in each quarter, on a day on which duplicate samples are collected under subsection (6), each direct discharger shall collect a duplicate sample for each sample collected on that day under sections 9 and 10 from the sampling point on the effluent stream selected under subsections (1) to (4), if any stream is so selected, and shall analyze the set of duplicate samples for the parameters indicated in the weekly and monthly columns, for the stream from which the set was collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (8) Once in each month, on the day on which duplicate samples are collected under subsection (6), each direct discharger shall prepare a travelling blank sample for each sample collected on that day under sections 7 and 8 from the sampling point on the effluent stream selected under subsections (1) to (4), if any stream is so selected, and shall analyze the set of travelling blank samples for the parameters indicated in the daily and thrice-weekly columns, for the stream from which the samples for which the travelling blank samples were prepared were collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (9) Once in each quarter, on the day on which duplicate samples are collected under subsection (7), each direct discharger shall prepare a travelling blank sample for each sample collected on that day under sections 9 and 10 from the sampling point on the effluent stream selected under subsections (1) to (4), if any stream is so selected, and shall analyze the set of travelling blank samples for the parameters indicated in the weekly and monthly columns, for the stream from which the samples for which the travelling blank samples were prepared were collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (10) Despite subsections (8) and (9), a direct discharger need not analyze a travelling blank sample for the parameters in analytical test groups 3 and 8 as set out in Schedule AA. (11) Once in each month, on the day on which duplicate samples are collected under subsection (6), each direct discharger shall prepare a travelling spiked blank sample for each sample collected on that day under sections 7 and 8 from the sampling point on the effluent stream selected under subsections (1 ) to (4), if any stream is so selected, and shall analyze the set of travelling spiked blank samples for the parameters in analytical test groups 1 6 to 20, 23, 24 and 27 indicated in the daily and thrice-weekly columns, for the stream from which the samples for which the travelling spiked blank samples were prepared were collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (12) Once in each quarter, on the day on which duplicate samples are collected under subsection (7), each direct discharger shall prepare a travelling spiked blank sample for each sample collected on that day under sections 9 and 10 from the sampling point on the effluent stream selected under subsections (1) to (4), if any stream is so selected, and shall analyze the set of travelling spiked blank samples for the parameters in analytical test groups 16 to 20, 23, 24 and 27 indicated in the weekly and monthly columns, for the stream from which the samples for which the travelling spiked blank sample were prepared were collected, of the monitoring schedule for the discharger's plant. (13) A direct discharger need only fulfill the requirements of subsections (7), (9) and (12) in four consecutive quarters. TOXICITY TESTING 20.-(1) Each direct discharger shall collect a sample from each process effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent sampling point of the discharger once in each month, on the day on which samples are collected under section 10 from that sampling point, and shall perform a fish toxicity test and a Daphnia maona acute lethality toxicity test on each sample collected under this subsection. (2) If each fish toxicity test performed under subsection (1) on all samples collected from a process effluent, combined effluent or batch discharge effluent sampling point in three consecutive months results in mortality for no more than two out of ten fish at all effluent concentrations, a direct discharger may thereafter perform the fish toxicity tests required by subsection (1) on the samples from that sampling point, on 100 per cent undiluted samples only. (3) If a fish toxicity test performed under subsection (2) on any sample from a process effluent, combined effluent or batch discharge effluent sampling point results in mortality for more than two out of ten fish, subsection (2) ceases to apply and continues not to apply to samples from that sampling point, until the fish toxicity tests performed under subsection (1) on all samples from that sampling point in a further three consecutive months result in mortality for no more than two out of ten fish at all effluent concentrations. (4) Subsections (1) to (3) do not apply in relation to any process effluent stream that passes through an ash transport water system. (5) Subsections (1) to (3) do not apply in relation to the stream referred to at the plant in Category E as the Condensate Plant Water Treatment Plant Stream. (6) Each direct discharger shall collect a sample from each event discharge effluent sampling point of the discharger once in each month in which samples are collected from that point under subsection 11(1), on the day on which samples are collected from that point under subsection 1 1 (1 ) in the month, and shall perform a fish toxicity test and a Daphnia magna acute lethality toxicity test on each sample collected under this subsection. (7) Each direct discharger shall collect a sample from each event discharge effluent sampling point of the discharger from which samples are collected under subsection 1 1 (2), on each day on which samples are collected from that point under subsection 1 1 (2), and shall perform a fish toxicity test and a Daphnia magna acute lethality toxicity test on each sample collected under this subsection. (8) Each direct discharger shall collect a sample from each pond that feeds an event discharge effluent stream of the discharger once in each month in which samples are collected from that pond under subsection 1 1 (3), on the day on which samples are collected from that pond under subsection 1 1(3) in the month, and shall perform a fish toxicity test and a Daphnia magna acute lethality toxicity test on each sample collected under this subsection. (9) If each of three successive fish toxicity tests performed under subsections (6) to (8) on all samples collected from an event discharge effluent sampling point and the pond that corresponds to it results in mortality for no more than two out of ten fish at all effluent concentrations, a direct discharger may thereafter perform the fish toxicity tests required by subsections (6) to (8) on the samples from that sampling point and pond, on 100 per cent undiluted samples only. (10) If a fish toxicity test performed under subsection (9) on any sample from an event discharge effluent sampling point or the pond that corresponds to it results in mortality for more than two out of ten fish, subsection (9) ceases to apply and continues not to apply to samples from that sampling point and pond, until a further three successive fish toxicity tests performed under subsections (6) to (8) on all samples from that sampling point and pond result in mortality for no more than two out of ten fish at all effluent concentrations. (1 1) Subsections (6) to (10) do not apply in relation to any event discharge effluent stream at the plants referred to in subsection 3(3) as Bruce NGS-A and Bruce NGS-B that discharges into a radioactive liquid waste management system tank or in relation to any event discharge effluent stream at the plant in Category D that discharges into the stream referred to at the plant as the Bruce Heavy Water Plant Process Effluent Stream. (12) Each direct discharger shall collect a sample from each once-through cooling water sampling point of the discharger once in each quarter, on a day on which samples are collected under section 12 from that sampling point, and shall perform a fish toxicity test and a Daphnia magna acute lethality toxicity test on each sample collected under this subsection. (13) If the fish toxicity test performed in the first quarter under subsection (12) on the sample from a once-through cooling water sampling point results in mortality for no more than two out of ten fish at all effluent concentrations, a direct discharger may thereafter perform the fish toxicity test required by subsection (12) on the samples from that sampling point, on 100 per cent undiluted samples only. (14) If a test performed under subsection (13) on any sample from a once- through cooling water sampling point results in mortality for more than two out of ten fish, subsection (13) ceases to apply in respect of samples from that sampling point. (15) A direct discharger need only fulfill the requirements of subsection (12) in four consecutive quarters. FLOW MEASUREMENT 21 .-(1) Each direct discharger shall, throughout each operating day, continuously measure the flow of each process effluent stream of the discharger at a location or set of locations representative of the flow at the sampling point established for the stream, and shall continuously record the measured flow. (2) Where the flow of a process effluent stream cannot be continuously measured on any operating day because of equipment malfunction and all reasonable care has been taken to avoid and correct the malfunction, or because of necessary equipment maintenance carried out with despatch, the direct discharger may fulfill the requirement of subsection (1) by estimating the total volume of effluent discharged on that day from that stream and recording the estimate. (3) Each direct discharger shall, at the time of each sampling under this Regulation from each once-through cooling water, boiler blowdown, combined and batch discharge effluent stream of the discharger, measure or estimate the flow of the stream at a location or set of locations representative of the flow at the sampling point established for the stream, and shall record the measured or estimated data. (4) Each direct discharger shall measure or estimate the duration and volume of each discharge of storm water, coal pile effluent, event discharge effluent, emergency overflow effluent, equipment cleaning effluent, potentially contaminated building effluent and waste disposal site effluent in respect of which the discharger has taken a sample under this Regulation, and shall record the measured or estimated data. (5) Despite subsection 3(1 1 ) of this Regulation and subsection 6(1 ) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, a direct discharger need not measure the flow of an event discharge effluent stream or of a boiler blowdown effluent stream continuously. (6) Despite subsection 6(6) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, each direct discharger shall use methods, devices or calculations for the measurement or estimation of the flow of a batch discharge effluent stream that are capable of accuracy to within plus or minus 7 per cent of the actual flow. (7) Subsection 6(6) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation does not apply in respect of measurements or estimates of the volume of discharges of storm water or coal pile effluent. (8) Subject to subsection (9), each direct discharger shall demonstrate by calibration, performed no earlier than 365 days before the filing of this Regulation and no later than thirty days before the first use of the device for the purposes of this Regulation, that each primary flow measuring device used to measure the flow of a process effluent stream for the purposes of this Regulation, meets the accuracy requirement of subsection 6(1) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (9) Where a direct discharger demonstrates to the Director, by means of a certified report of a registered professional engineer of the Province of Ontario, that a primary flow measuring device has been designed and installed in accordance with the standards of a national or international standards setting organization, that primary flow measuring device will be deemed capable of meeting the accuracy requirement of subsection 6(1) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (10) Subject to subsection (11), each direct discharger shall demonstrate by calibration, performed no earlier than 365 days before the filing of this Regulation and no later than thirty days before the first use of the device for the purposes of this Regulation, that each flow measuring device used to measure the flow of a combined effluent stream for the purposes of this Regulation, meets the accuracy requirement of subsection 6(3) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (11) Where a direct discharger demonstrates to the Director, by means of a certified report of a registered professional engineer of the Province of Ontario, that a flow measuring device has been designed and installed in accordance with the standards of a national or international standards setting organization, that flow measuring device will be deemed capable of meeting the accuracy requirement of subsection 6(3) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. 22.-(1) Each direct discharger shall, by the 1st day of April, 1990, submit to the Director four copies of an initial report in respect of the discharger's plant. (2) Each direct discharger shall ensure that the plans submitted under paragraph 1 of subsection 7(1) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation Identify by type each effluent stream on which the discharger establishes a sampling point or a temperature measurement point under section 4. (3) In addition to meeting the requirements of subsection 7(1) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, each direct discharger shall include the following information in the initial report submitted under subsection (1): 1 . One or more plot plans, along with supporting text, showing the location of each storm water catchment area within the discharger's plant, the land uses of those areas, the storm water effluent streams that drain those areas, the sampling points established on those streams and the points at which those streams discharge from the plant. 2. One or more plot plans, along with supporting text, showing the location of all temperature measurement points established by the discharger under subsections 4(6) to (8). (4) Each direct discharger shall notify the Director in writing of any significant changes in respect of the information submitted under subsections (1 ) to (3), within thirty days after the end of the month during which the change occurs. (5) Each direct discharger shall notify the Director in writing of any change of name or ownership of its plant occurring after the 1st day of August, 1989, within thirty days after this Regulation comes into force or within thirty days after any such change. (6) Each direct discharger shall, no later than thirty days after the event, notify the Director in writing of any process change that occurs after the day this Regulation comes into force, if the change, (a) may adversely affect the quality of the effluent in any effluent stream on which the discharger establishes a sampling point or a temperature measurement point under section 4; or (b) results in the creation of a new effluent stream in the plant. C-28 (7) Each direct discharger shall, no later than the 1 5th day of May, 1 990 or thirty days before the event, notify the Director in writing of any redirection of or change In the type of any effluent stream on which the discharger establishes a sampling point or a temperature measurement point under section 4, if the redirection or change occurs on or after the 1st day of April, 1990. (8) For the purposes of subsections (2) and (7), effluent stream types are the types mentioned in subsection 4(1). (9) Despite subsection (7), a direct discharger need not notify the Director of any redirection of an effluent stream to an emergency overflow effluent stream. (10) Each direct discharger shall report to the Director the results of all analyses performed by or on behalf of the discharger under sections 6 to 19 of this Regulation, including all positive numerical values at or above the analytical method detection limits calculated by the laboratory performing the analysis, together with the date on which each sample was collected and the method used to collect each sample. (1 1) When reporting the results of analyses of a sample collected under section 15, each direct discharger shall submit to the Director a written statement indicating whether the sample was collected during a thaw. (12) Each direct discharger shall, in accordance with subsection 7(6) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, report to the Director the toxicity test information obtained under section 20, together with the date on which each sample was collected under section 20. (13) The information required to be reported under subsection (12) constitutes results of analyses within the meaning of subsection 7(2) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (14) Each direct discharger shall report to the Director each temperature value calculated and recorded under subsections 13(4). 13(6), 14(4) to (6) and 14(8). together with the date on which each temperature measurement to which each value relates was taken, within sixty days after the day on which the information necessary to calculate the value became available to the discharger. (15) Each direct discharger shall report the information required to be reported under subsection (14) on a floppy diskette in a format acceptable to the Director and by hard copy generated from that diskette and signed by the discharger. (16) Each direct discharger shall report in writing to the Director any action taken under subsections 13(5) and (6) and 14(7) and (8), together with the date on which the action was taken, within sixty days after each such action. (17) Each direct discharger shall submit to the Director documentation of any calibration or certification of accuracy required by subsections 21(8) to (1 1) of this Regulation and subsection 6(2) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, no later than thirty days before the first use of the device for the purposes of this Regulation. C-29 (18) Each direct discharger shall, with respect to each method, device or calculation for flow measurement or estimation used in meeting the requirements of this Regulation, other than methods, devices or calculations to be used to measure or estimate the volume of discharges of storm water and coal pile effluent, submit to the Director, no later than sixty days before the first use of the method, device or calculation for the purposes of this Regulation, documentation sufficient to satisfy the Director that the method, device or calculation complies with the accuracy requirements of subsections 6(3) and (6) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation and subsection 21(6) of this Regulation. (1 9) Each direct discharger shall, no later than the 1 st day of April. 1 990, submit to the Director a description of the methods, devices and calculations to be used in measuring or estimating the volume of discharges of storm water and coal pile effluent under subsection 21(4), together with an assessment of the accuracy of those methods, devices and calculations. (20) Each direct discharger shall submit to the Director documentation of each calibration perfomned under subsection 6(7) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation, by the 1 st day of April, 1 990 or within thirty days after the calibration was performed. (21) Each direct discharger shall report to the Director the flow measurement information recorded under subsections 21(1) to (3), together with the date on which each flow was measured or estimated. (22) Each direct discharger shall submit to the Director a description of any methods, devices and calculations used in estimating the volume of a discharge of effluent under subsection 21(2), together with an assessment of the accuracy of those methods, devices and calculations, within sixty days after each such estimation. (23) Each direct discharger shall report to the Director the information required to be recorded under subsection 21 (4) together with the date and location of each discharge measured or estimated under subsection 21(4), within sixty days after the occurrence of each such discharge. (24) Each direct discharger shall report in writing to the Director the date, approximate duration and amount of rainfall of each storm event that occurs during the period beginning on the 1st day of June, 1990 and ending on the 31st day of May, 1991 , within sixty days after each such storm event. (25) Each direct discharger shall submit to the Director, at least thirty days before the first day of each month, a written schedule of intended sampling dates by sampling point location for all sampling to be done under sections 6, 1 0, 1 1 , 1 2 and 20 in that month. (26) Each direct discharger shall make every reasonable effort to follow the schedule submitted under subsection (25) but if the schedule cannot be followed as submitted, the discharger shall notify the Director promptly of any change in dates. (27) Within sixty days after the end of each quarter, each direct discharger shall subnnit a report to the Director stating the quantities of chemicals added during each month in the quarter to each once-through cooling water effluent stream in the discharger's plant, whether or not the stream is one on which the discharger establishes a sampling point or temperature measurement point under section 4, and stating the dates and locations at which these additions occurred. (28) A direct discharger need only fulfill the requirements of subsection (27) in respect of months in the period beginning the 1st day of June, 1990 and ending the 31st day of May, 1991. (29) Each direct discharger shall, by the 30th day of June, 1 991 , submit a written report to the Director describing the variation in daily flow for a period of at least six months for each process effluent stream from which samples are collected under this Regulation other than by means described in clauses 3(4)(a), (b) and (e) of the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation. (30) The report referred to in subsection (29) shall include the raw data and calculation methods used to produce the report. (31) Each direct discharger shall keep records of all sampling required by this Regulation, including, for each sample, the date, the time of collection, the sampling procedures used, the amount of sample dilution by preservative if dilution exceeds one per cent, and any incident likely to affect an analytical result. (32) Each direct discharger shall develop a maintenance and calibration schedule for all sampling and flow measurement equipment and shall record the dates on which any maintenance and calibration action was taken, together with a description of the action. (33) Each direct discharger shall keep records of all analytical methods used in meeting the requirements of this Regulation. (34) Each direct discharger shall submit a written report to the Director detailing the date, duration and cause of each sampling, toxicity testing, analytical and flow measurement malfunction or other problem that interferes with fulfilling the requirements of this Regulation, together with a description of any remedial action taken, within sixty days after the day on which the malfunction or problem occurs. (35) Each direct discharger shall keep all records and reports required by this Regulation to be kept or made for a period of two years following the date of the last report submitted to the Director under this section. (36) Within sixty days after the end of each quarter, each direct discharger for each hydraulic generating plant listed in Schedule DD shall submit a written report to the Director stating the quantities, in kilograms, of oil and grease, seal oils, lubricants, transformer oils, hydraulic fluids and bulk chemicals used in the plant during each month in the quarter. (37) A direct discharger need only fulfill the requirements of subsection (36) in respect of months in the period beginning the 1st day of June, 1990 and ending the 31stday of May. 1991. (38) Each direct discharger shall report flow measurement information recorded under subsections 21 (1 ) to (3) as the total volume of effluent discharged per operating day in cubic metres per day. COMMENCEMENT 23.-(1) This Regulation, except sections 6 to 20 and subsections 21(1) to (7), comes into force on the day on which it is filed. (2) Sections 6 to 20 and subsections 21(1) to (7) come into force on the 1st day of June, 1990. REVOCATION 24. Subsections 6(1). (5). (6). 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O o _ If 1 < 1 ^i^ « c U2^ -i E 5<^ i ip 1 3 5 E 1 Q c ^.: i > l2 O lD 2i s s 1 EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION - ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR SCHEDULE DD - HYDRAULIC GENERATING PLANTS ITEM PLANT LOCATION (River) OWNER AS OF AUGUST 1, 1989 1 Abitibi Canyon GS Abitibi Ontario Hydro 2 Aguasabon GS Aguasabon Ontario Hydro 3 Alexander GS Nipigon Ontario Hydro "" Arnprior GS MadawasKa Ontario Hydro 5 Aubrey Falls GS Mississagi Ontario Hydro 6 Auburn GS Otonabee Ontario Hydro 7 Barrett Chute GS Madawaska Ontario Hydro 8 Big Chute GS Severn Ontario Hydro 9 Big Eddy GS MuskoKa Ontario Hydro 1 0 Bingham Chute GS South Ontario Hydro 1 1 Calabogie GS Madawaska Ontario Hydro 12 Cameron Falls GS Nipigon Ontario Hydro 13 Caribou Falls GS English Ontario Hydro 1 4 Chats Falls GS Ottawa Ontario Hydro/ Hydro Quebec 1 5 Chenaux GS Ottawa Ontario Hydro 16 Coniston GS Wanapitei Ontario Hydro 1 7 Crystal Falls GS Sturgeon Ontario Hydro 1 8 Decew Falls ND 1 GS Welland Ship Canal Ontario Hydro 1 9 Decew Falls NF 23 GS Welland Ship Canal Ontario Hydro 20 Des Joachims GS Ottawa Ontario Hydro 21 Ear Falls GS English Ontario Hydro 22 Elliott Chute GS South Ontario Hydro EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION - ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR SCHEDULE DD - HYDRAULIC GENERATING PLANTS ITEM PLANT LOCATION (River) OWNER AS OF AUGUST 1, 1989 23 Eugenia GS Beaver Ontario Hydro 24 Frankford GS Trent Ontario Hydro 25 Hagues Reach GS Trent Ontario Hydro 26 Hanna Chute GS Muskoka Ontario Hydro 27 Harmon GS Mattagami Ontario Hydro 28 Healey Falls GS Trent Ontario Hydro 29 High Falls GS Mississippi Ontario Hydro 30 Holaen GS Ottawa Ontario Hydro 31 Hound Chule GS Montreal Ontario Hydro 32 Indian Chute GS Montreal Ontario Hydro 33 Kakabeka Falls GS Kaministikwia Ontario Hydro 34 Kipling GS Mattagami Ontario Hydro 35 Lakefield GS Otonabee Ontario Hydro 36 Little Long GS Mattagami Ontario Hydro 37 Lower Notch GS Montreal Ontario Hydro 38 Lower Sturgeon GS Mattagami Ontario Hydro 39 Manitou Falls GS English Ontario Hydro 40 Matabitchuan GS Matabitchuan Ontario Hydro 41 McViItie GS Wanapitei Ontario Hydro 42 Merrickville GS Rideau Ontario Hydro 43 Meyersburg GS Trent Ontario Hydro 44 Mountain Chute GS MadawasKa Ontario Hydro EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION - ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR SCHEDULE DD - HYDRAULIC GENERATING PLANTS ITEM PLANT LOCATION (River) OWNER AS OF AUGUST 1, 1989 45 Nipissing GS South Ontario Hydro 46 Ontario Power GS Niagara Ontario Hydro 47 Otter Rapids GS Abitibi Ontario Hydro 48 Pine Portage GS Nipigon Ontario Hydro 49 Ragged Rapids GS Muskoka Ontario Hydro 50 Ranney Falls GS Trent Ontario Hydro 51 Rayner GS Mississagi Ontario Hydro 52 Red Rock Falls GS Mississagi Ontario Hydro 53 Sandy Falls GS Mattagami Ontario Hydro 54 Saunders GS St. Lawrence Ontario Hydro 55 Seymour GS Trent Ontario Hydro 56 Sidney GS Trent Ontario Hydro 57 Sills Island GS Trent Ontario Hydro 58 Sliver Falls GS Kaministikwia Ontario Hydro 59 Sir Adam Beck No. 1 GS Niagara Ontario Hydro 60 Sir Adam Beck No 2 GS Niagara Ontario Hydro 61 Sir Adam Beck PGS Niagara Ontario Hydro 62 South Falls GS Muskoka Ontario Hydro 63 Stewanville GS Madawaska Ontario Hydro 64 Stinson GS Wanapitei Ontario Hydro 65 Trethewey Falls GS Muskoka Ontario Hydro 66 Wawaitin GS Mattagami Ontario Hydro EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION - ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR SCHEDULE DD - HYDRAULIC GENERATING PLANTS ITEM PLANT LOCATION (River) OWNER AS OF AUGUST 1, 1989 67 Wells GS Mississagi Ontario Hydro 68 Whitedog GS Winnipeg Ontario Hydro LEGEND FOR SCHEDULES A TO I NOTE 1: Total organic carbon is to be analyzed only if the total suspended solids concentration is greater than 15 milligrams/litre. 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D O o CC S oc LL 1- < z < CE < Q. c a. 3 o oc o « 1- < o > ® < z 5 < u EXPLANATORY NOTES TO THE EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION FOR THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION SECTION 1: SECTION 2: SECTION 3 SECTION 4: SECTION 6: SECTION 7: SECTION 8: SECTION 9: SECTION 10: SECTION 11: SECTION 12: SECTION 13: SECTION 14: SECTION 15: SECTION 16: SECTION 17: SECTION 18: SECTION 19: SECTION 20: SECTION 21: SECTION 22: SECTION 23: SECTION 24: DEFINITIONS D -1 PURPOSE D -3 APPLICATION D -3 SAMPLING & TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT POINTS D -4 BOILER SLOWDOWN EFFLUENT MONITORING D -5 CHARACTERIZATION/OPEN CHARACTERIZATION D -6 DAILY MONITORING D -9 THRICE-WEEKLY MONITORING D -9 WEEKLY MONITORING D-10 MONTHLY MONITORING D-11 EVENT DISCHARGE EFFLUENT MONITORING D -12 ONCE-THROUGH COOLING WATER MONITORING D -1 3 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT - GENERAL D -13 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT - CHALK RIVER NUCLEAR LABORATORIES D -14 STORM WATER AND COAL PILE EFFLUENT MONITORING D-14 WASTE DISPOSAL SITE EFFLUENT MONITORING D -1 5 EQUIPMENT CLEANING EFFLUENT AND POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED BUILDING EFFLUENT MONITORING D-15 EMERGENCY OVERFLOW EFFLUENT MONITORING D -1 8 QUALITY CONTROL MONITORING D -1 6 TOXICITY TESTING D-17 FLOW MEASUREMENT D-19 REPORTING D -21 COMMENCEMENT D -23 REVOCATION D -23 EXPLANATORY NOTES TO THE EFFLUENT MONITORING REGULATION FOR THE ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION SECTOR INTRODUCTION The Explanatory Notes provide, where appropriate, an expanded description of each of the sections in the Effluent Monitoring Regulation for the Electric Power Generation Sector (EPGS) in order to further the reader's understanding of the effluent monitoring regulation requirements. In conjunction with the protocols and procedures outlined in Ontario Regulation 695/88, the General Effluent Monitoring Regulation ( also referred to as the General Regulation), the EPGS Regulation specifies the effluent monitoring requirements for each discharger, including sampling, analysis, flow measurement, toxicity testing and reporting. SECTION 1: DEFINITIONS This section does not redefine terms which are already defined in the Environmental Protection Act under which the EPGS Regulation is written. This section of the Regulation provides: clarification of terms used in the Regulation that could have several interpretations; definitions of technical terms used in the Regulation which may not be in common usage; definitions for those terms which have a different meaning in the Regulation than those found in a dictionary or through common use; definitions of terms with an alternate use in the EPGS Regulation from that in the General Regulation; and definitions of terms specific to the EPG Sector. Subsection 1(2) states that the definitions in section 1 of the General Regulation also apply to this Regulation. However, any re-defined term in the EPGS Regulation supercedes that of the General Regulation. All of the definitions in the General Regulation have been applied to the EPGS Regulation with the following exceptions: "batch discharge effluent stream" has been redefined in the EPGS Regulation to designate specific effluent streams as batch discharge effluent streams identified as such in a monitoring schedule. "batch discharge effluent" means effluent in a "batch discharge effluent stream". "characterization" has been redefined in the EPGS Regulation to reflect the EPG Sector characterization list. "once-through cooling water sampling point" has been redefined in the EPGS Regulation to reflect the monitoring point after the addition of process effluents where applicable. "process effluent" has been redefined to include effluent that is discharged from any pollution control system or device or effluent that comes into contact by design with any industrial process. The following definitions are included in the EPGS Regulation rather than the General Regulation as they are referred to only in the context of the EPGS Regulation: boiler blowdown effluent; boiler blowdown effluent sampling point; boiler blowdown effluent stream; boiler blowdown water; chlorination sampling point; coal pile effluent; coal pile effluent sampling point; coal pile effluent stream; equipment cleaning effluent; equipment cleaning effluent sampling point; equipment cleaning effluent stream; event discharge effluent; event discharge effluent sampling point; event discharge effluent stream; potentially contaminated building effluent; potentially contaminated building effluent sampling point; potentially contaminated building effluent stream; temperature measurement point. SECTION 2: PURPOSE The purpose of the EPGS Regulation is to establish a data base on effluent quality in the Electric Power Generation Sector that, along with other pertinent information such as available treatment technology, will be used in the development of effluent limits for the EPG Sector. The data base will also be used to calculate the mass loadings of monitored contaminants discharged into surface watercourses. SECTION 3: APPLICATION Section 3 lists the electric power generation stations and associated facilities to which this Regulation applies and indicates that there are category-specific monitoring schedules within the Regulation which apply to each plant or associated facility. The link with the General Regulation is established by stating that all monitoring obligations of the EPGS Regulation shall be carried out in accordance with the General Regulation and that this Regulation is a Sectoral Effluent Monitoring Regulation in the context of the General Regulation. Subsections 3(6) and 3(7) state the sampling and analytical obligations in relation to samples to be analyzed for analytical test groups E1(lron), E2(Total Residual Oxidants) and E3(Diethanolamine). Subsection 3(10) allows the direct discharger to submit to the laboratory performing the analysis the minimum sample volume required by the laboratory to meet the analytical method detection limits set out in Column 6 of Schedule GC. Subsection 3(11) states that the requirements for boiler blowdown effluent and event discharge effluent to be similar to the monitoring obligations for process effluent. This section specifies that the obligations for process effluent as listed in the General Regulation are to be used for boiler blowdown effluent and event discharge effluent. Subsection 3(12) states that the requirements for the coal pile effluent in accordance with the monitoring obligations for storm water. This section specifies that the obligations for storm water as listed in the General Regulation are to be used for coal pile effluent. Subsection 3(13) states the requirements for the following effluents: equipment cleaning effluent potentially contaminated building effluent The above listed effluents will be required to satisfy the monitoring obligations in accordance with those required by the General Regulation for waste disposal site effluent. Subsection 3(14) prescribes the sampling and analytical obligations of this Regulation in relation to boron, lithium, strontium, bromodichloromethane, biphenyl and diphenyl ether that are not covered in the General Regulation by referencing to the Notes A to F to Schedule AA. Subsection 3(15) relates to the requirements performed by persons other than the direct discharger. That is, a consultant or laboratory that collects and/or analyses the samples for the discharger has in effect carried out the obligations of that discharger. Subsection 3(16) of this section allows the Regional Director of the Ministry to suspend the monitoring requirements under sections 4 through 21 of the Regulation for a specific effluent stream. This subsection is intended to allow a plant to suspend monitoring if the effluent no longer exists (i.e. it is re-routed to treatment or it is no longer produced) or if the stream classification is changed. In case of conflicting requirements, it is the intent of the Ministry that the MISA Regulation requirements shall replace the monitoring requirements for those effluents under Certificates of Approval or Control Orders for the duration of the Regulation unless those requirements are more stringent. This override will not extend to any effluent stream not monitored in the Regulation and for which monitoring is required to assess the performance of various treatment systems or processes. SECTION 4: SAMPLING AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT POINTS This section states that a sampling and temperature measurement point must be established by the direct discharger for each effluent stream specified in the monitoring schedules and the Regulation. These sampling and temperature measurement points must be used for all sampling and temperature measurement required by the EPGS Regulation unless an alternate sampling or temperature measurement location is deemed acceptable by a Regional Director of the Ministry of the Environment. It should be noted that not all plants within a category (e.g. fossil- fuelled thermal generating stations. Category A) necessarily have all the effluent streams listed in the monitoring schedules (e.g. mothballed stations do not have the various process effluents). The once-through cooling water temperature nneasurement points may be different than the effluent sampling points, as equipment is already installed in most cases. Also, the cooling water intake temperature is required, but no intake sampling is specified. The plants may choose to monitor intake once-through cooling water if they wish. Subsections (2) to (4) state that although all storm water sampling points require to be identified, in the case of similar storm water catchment areas, only the dirtiest need be established as a storm water sampling point. By similar catchment area as used in this Regulation implies same land use for that catchment area. A catchment area in the context of this Regulation means the area serviced by a storm water system. Subsections (6) to (8) refer to the once-through cooling water streams on which a temperature measurement point is to be established. Only plants listed in Category A, C, D, and G require the establishment of temperature measurement points. Subsection (10) states that for boiler blowdown effluent automatic or manual flow proportional composite sampling is not required. Equal volume sub-samples at equal time intervals not exceeding 15 minutes in case of automatic sampling or eight grab samples at equal time intervals through an operating day combined in equal volumes is acceptable. Subsection (1 1 ) states that the event discharge effluent streams ( ie. oily water separators) at Category C plants require a single grab sample during the second half of a discharge. Subsection (12) states that all characterization, open characterization, thrice weekly, weekly and monthly monitoring for those process, combined, batch or boiler blowdown effluent streams flowing into a once-through cooling water stream shall be sampled on the same days to the extent feasible according to the monitoring requirements. SECTION 5: BOILER BLOWDOWN EFFLUENT MONITORING SCHEDULE The generation of high pressure steam is one of the most important steps in electric power generation at both fossil-fuelled and nuclear- powered thermal generating stations. Continuous and/or intermittent discharge of about one percent of the water in the steam cycle is required for the proper operation of the steam boilers. This discharge is called boiler blowdown effluent and is classified as a process effluent in this Regulation. Boiler blowdown effluent is monitored at each of the fossil-fuelled and nuclear-powered generating stations on a rotational basis for each of the boiler units at a station. This requirement reflects the fact that the D-5 boiler blowdown effluent quality should be consistent across the boiler units at the stations. The rotational schedule (see Schedule 6 in the Technical Rationale) provides for a minimum of twelve samples to be collected from each station, regardless of the number of boiler units at a station. At stations having two or more boiler blowdown effluent sampling points, this method provides for rotation of sampling points on a monthly basis between the power generation units at a station and for sampling each operational unit for boiler blowdown effluent at a minimum frequency of twice per year. Sampling for individual units will be spread over the year of monitoring. At least one boiler blowdown effluent stream shall be monitored each month. The sampling schedule (choice of months) for individual units is to be determined based on factors such as unit outage schedule and the transfer of sampling equipment between units. To the extent allowed by the operating schedule, the sampling months for each unit will be spread evenly throughout the year. Schedule 6 in the Technical Rationale is an example of such a schedule for the fossil- fuelled and nuclear-powered thermal generating stations. Sampling requirements for boiler blowdown are defined specifically for this stream. Flow proportional samplers will not be used for boiler blowdown because the effluent flow will not be measured but, instead, will be estimated from boiler water make-up rates (see pg D-20). Also, boiler blowdown samples at Pickering NGS-A and NGS-B can be obtained from existing sampling lines from the boiler. These samples are considered representative because they are obtained from a point in the boiler which is adjacent to the point from which boiler blowdown effluent discharges. SECTION 6: CHARACTERIZATION / OPEN CHARACTERIZATION Characterization/open characterization samples must be collected and analyzed according to the principles and protocols outlined in sections 3 and 4 of the General Regulation for sampling and analysis respectively. Subsection (1) states that quarterly characterization and open characterization sampling and analyses is required from each process effluent, batch discharge effluent, combined effluent, event discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent samples under this Regulation. Sampling intervals (subsection (1)) are specified in the Regulation to ensure that the samples are representative of discrete events and to provide an indication of seasonal impact on the effluents. Collection of the samples for analysis for characterization shall be on the same day as samples for toxicity tests are required. This will provide a longer list of pollutants to assist in the proper assessment of toxicity tests. D-6 Characterization requires collecting and analyzing a sample for the parameters listed in Column 2 of Schedule AA in the Regulation, which lists conventional parameters and the EPG Sector List. The following analytical test groups are required for characterization: Group 1 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD); Group 2 Cyanide; Group 3 Hydrogen ion (pH); Group 4a Ammonia plus Ammonium; Total Kjeldahl nitrogen; Group 4b Nitrate + Nitrite; Group 5a Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC); Group 5b Total Organic Carbon (TOC) (onlyifTSS>15mg/L); Group 6 Total Phosphorus; Group 7 Specific conductance; Group 8 Total Suspended Solids (TSS); Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS); Group 9 Total metals; Group 10 Hydrides; Group 1 1 Chromium (Hexavalent) (only if Total Cr > 1 mg/L); Group 12 Mercury; Group 14 Phenolics (4AAP); Group 15 Sulphide; Group 16 Volatiles. Halogenated; Group 17 Volatiles, Non-Halogenated; Group 19 Extractables, Base Neutral; Group 20 Extractables, Acid (Phenolics); Group 23 Extractables, Neutral Chlorinated; Group 24 Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans Group 25 Solvent Extractables; Group 27 PCBs (Total). El Iron COD is a requirement for characterization but not for routine monitoring. COD has been included to provide a comparison with DOC and also to give an indication of the presence of oxidizable material other than organics, such as metals. COD is a measure of the maximum oxidizable material in the effluent. Analytical test group 2 (Cyanides) are not included for routine monitoring as they were not found in this sector as evidenced by pre- regulation monitoring analysis. Cyanides are included for characterization. Analytical test groups 13 (total alkyl lead) and 18 (Volatiles, water soluble) are excluded as they are not applicable to this sector. No evidence of their presence was indicated in the pre-regulation monitoring data base. Also, these chemicals are not used at the sector D-7 Analytical test groups 21 (Extractables, Phenoxy Acid Herbicides) and 22 (Extractables, Organochlorine Pesticides) are excluded from characterization as they are not listed on EMPPL and are currently not manufactured in Ontario. Groups 26a (Fatty Acids) and 26b (Resin Acids) are currently excluded from characterization because there are no validated analytical protocols for these. Analytical data from daily, thrice weekly, weekly and monthly sampling may be used toward fulfilling the characterization requirements, provided that all samples were taken on the same day and that protocols required for characterization were followed. Open characterization (open scan) of the samples is required at the same frequency as characterization, to determine the presence of both organic compounds (ATG 28a & 28b) and inorganic elements (ATG 29) which are currently not on the EMPPL. Any compounds identified in open characterization, that are not on the EMPPL, will be screened through a hazard assessment procedure and added to EMPPL if appropriate. Subsection (2) provides for a compensating sample as soon as possible, should a sample not be collected in a given quarter. Subsection (3) provides for sampling the pond/lagoon/lake feeding the event discharge effluent sampling point at Lambton TGS and Lakeview TGS in the case of no discharge in any month. Subsection (6) states that an open characterization shall be performed on each sample collected for characterization. A direct discharger need only fulfill the requirements of this section 6 in four consecutive quarters. Because monitoring is expected to commence on June 1 , 1 990, an end of a quarter, the direct discharger is urged to commence characterization/open characterization during the quarter beginning July 1 , 1 990. This should provide a more representative database corresponding to the period of monitoring. MONITORING The requirements for monitoring of effluents are specified in sections 7 through 18 and 20 of the EPGS Regulation. All monitoring samples must be collected and analyzed according to the principles and protocols outlined in sections 3 and 4 of the General Regulation for sampling and analysis respectively. SECTION 7: DAILY MONITORING All process effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent or boiler blowdown effluent must be monitored for the following analytical test groups: Group 3 Hydrogen ion (pH); Group 7 Specific conductance. It is preferable that these parameters be monitored continuously using on-line analyzers to provide a record of the variability. However, the samples may be collected and analyzed using composite sampling method. Requests to use on-line analyzers for monitoring of parameters other than pH or specific conductance must be submitted to the Ministry for approval by the Regional Director along with sufficient data to prove that it meets MISA standards. Subsection 4(18) of the General Regulation requires a monthly sample to be collected from each sampling point at which an on-line analyzer is used and analyzed for the parameters for which the on-line analyzer is monitoring. This will provide an indication of the accuracy of the on- line analyzer by providing an average value around which the on-line analyzer data should fluctuate. For all process effluents, combined effluents, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent, daily pH and specific conductance analyses are required. In addition, stations which have biological treatment (sewage treatment plants) or ash transport water treatment systems must monitor for total suspended solids (TSS) and Total Residual Oxidants (TRO) on a daily basis. Sulphides are monitored daily at the Heavy Water Plant Process Effluent Stream. Where sites are already monitoring specific parameters on a daily basis, other than those listed above, they will continue to do so (e.g. continuous monitoring of condenser cooling water intake and outfall temperature). SECTION 8: THRICE-WEEKLY MONITORING All process effluents, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent at fossil-fuelled thermal and nuclear-powered thermal generating stations must be sampled and analyzed on a thrice- weekly basis for the following analytical test parameters: Copper, Zinc, Iron Monitoring for conventional and priority pollutants is required on an effluent-specific basis as outlined in the development document technical rationale. Subsection (3) states that the Nanticoke TGS Ash Transport Water System effluent stream shall be monitored for selenium on a thrice- weekly basis. Subsection (4) states that the boiler blowdown effluent streams at nuclear powered thermal generating stations and at Darlington NGS (under construction) need not be analyzed thrice-weekly for ammonia plus ammonium if ammonia is not added to recirculating boiler water. Subsection (5) states that the boiler blowdown effluent streams at nuclear powered thermal generating stations need not be analyzed thrice-weekly for Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) or Total Organic Carbon (TOC) if morpholine is not added to recirculating boiler water. SECTION 9: WEEKLY MONITORING All process effluents, combined effluents, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent must be sampled and analyzed on a weekly basis, if not already monitored at a higher frequency, for some or all of the following analytical test groups as outlined in the technical rationale. Group 4a,4b Nitrogen Group 6 Total phosphorus Group 9 Total metals (all for fossil-fuelled only) Group 10 Hydrides Group 11 Chromium (Hexavalent) Others if found > = Method Detection Limit (MDL) in pre-regulation monitoring. A minimum of two days between consecutive weekly samples is required in order to increase sample randomness. Weekly samples must be collected on the same day as a thrice weekly sample for the same effluent stream in order to provide as complete a set of analytical data on a given day as possible. Subsection (3) requires that chloroform (ATG 16) also be analyzed for in the weekly samples collected from the Ash Transport Water System effluent stream and the Water Treatment Plant Neutralization Sump effluent stream at the Thunderbay TGS only. Subsection (4) and (5) are complementary to subsections 8(4) and 8(5) and require weekly monitoring of ammonia plus ammonium and DOC/TOC respectively. Subsection (6) requires tliat at Pickering NGS-A and NGS-B, the Radioactive Liquid Waste Management System Tanks (RLWMST) effluent stream samples are also analyzed for cadmium and lead in ATG 9. SECTION 10: MONTHLY MONITORING Process effluents, combined effluents, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent, may require monthly analysis for any or all of the following analytical test groups based on effluent-specific considerations as outlined in the EPGS Regulation development document (Part B): Group 9 Total metals; Group 10 Hydrides; Group 1 1 Chromium (Hexavalent) (only if Total Cr > 1 mg/L); Group 12 Mercury; Group 14 Phenolics (4AAP); Group 15 Sulphide; Group 16 Volatiles, Halogenated; Group 17 Volatiles, Non-Halogenated; Group 19 Extractables, Base Neutral; Group 20 Extractables, Acid (Phenolics); Group 23 Extractables, Neutral Chlorinated; Group 24 Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans Group 27 PCBs (Total); Group El iron; Group E3 Diethanolamine. An interval of two weeks between successive monthly samples is required in order to provide independent samples over as wide a range of operating conditions as possible. Subsection (3) requires that at Pickering NGS-A and NGS-B, the RLWMST effluent stream samples are also to be analyzed for ATG 24 every month. Monthly samples must be collected on the same day as the thrice weekly and weekly samples for the same effluent stream in order to provide as complete a set of analytical data on that day as possible. SECTION 11: EVENT DISCHARGE EFFLUENT MONITORING The following effluent are event discharge effluent and shall require event monitoring: Heavy Water Plants Effluent Lagoon. The main process effluent stream is diverted into this lagoon when hydrogen sulphide levels exceed discharge limits set under the Certificate of Approval. Twelve samples and 4 characterizations/open characterizations are required over the twelve month monitoring period. No toxicity tests are required. Oily Water Separators at nuclear-powered thermal generating stations. These are located at Bruce NGS-A, Bruce NGS-B, Pickering NGS-A and NGS-B. and Darlington NGS, and usually discharge at least once every week. No toxicity tests are required on the Bruce NGS-A and Bruce NGS-B oily water separators. All the oily water separators shall require a minimum of twelve samples and 4 quarterly characterizations/open characterizations, 12 monthly toxicity tests (exceptions noted above) over the twelve month monitoring period. Grab samples during the second half of discharge period may be taken. Treated coal pile effluent at Lakeview TGS and Lambton TGS are event discharge effluent. The Lakeview TGS treated coal pile effluent treatment lagoons are usually discharged about five to ten times each year. The coal pile effluent at Lambton TGS is discharged into Lake Lambton which is periodically drained down into the St. Clair River through a ditch. The treated coal pile effluent shall require a minimum of twelve samples, 4 characterizations/open characterizations and 12 toxicity tests over the twelve month monitoring period. When there is no discharge in any month, the partially-treated effluent from the treatment lagoons at Lakeview TGS and Lake Lambton at Lambton TGS, respectively, may be sampled instead within 10 metres of the mouth of the respective sampling points. Subsection (2) states that if a direct discharger is unable to collect a sample in any month from an event discharge effluent sampling point then a compensating set must be taken and analyzed as soon as possible. SECTION 12: ONCE-THROUGH COOLING WATER MONITORING A monthly sample from a once-through cooling water(OTCW) effluent stream should be collected on the same day as the process effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent and boiler blowdown effluent which are being discharged to the OTCW effluent in order to provide a better indication of the quality of this stream on that day. The once-through cooling water effluent is generally discharged through the final outfall at each thermal generating station (both fossil-fuelled and nuclear). The various effluent streams such as: water treatment plant neutralization sump, boiler blowdown, ash transport water system, oily water separators, and yard and sump drains; all normally discharge into the once-through cooling water. This final outfall will be treated as a once-through cooling water stream in this Regulation. Temperature of the OTCW intake and discharge require to be monitored continuously at fossil-fuelled and nuclear-powered thermal generating stations, the Bruce Heavy Water Plants, and the Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories. These temperature readings and computed temperature rise (discharge minus intake temperature) will be reported as daily averages under this Regulation in the format of minimum, maximum and mean for the day as stated in the Regulation. Monitoring of total residual oxidants (TRO) for a representative affected condenser cooling water at a condenser water box (discharge end) during chlorination, at those sites using chlorination, shall be required. An interval of two weeks between successive monthly samples is required in order to provide independent samples over as wide a range of operating conditions as possible. Subsection (2) states that each set of samples collected from a once- through cooling water effluent stream shall be collected on the same day as samples collected for monthly monitoring under subsection 10(1) to allow for proper "worst case" analysis of this stream. SECTION 13: TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT - GENERAL This section describes the continuous temperature measurement requirements at temperature measurement points established on once- through cooling water streams at Category A, C and D plants. Currently established temperature measurement points will be acceptable even if they are at a different location than the corresponding sampling point. SECTION 14: TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT - CHALK RIVER NUCLEAR LABORATORIES This section describes the continuous temperature measurement requirements at temperature measurement points established on once- through cooling water stream at Chalk River Nuclear Laboratories. Currently established temperature measurement locations may be acceptable, even if they are different from corresponding sampling point location. MONTHLY MONITORING - STORM WATER AND COAL PILE EFFLUENT A total of 12 samples, including two samples taken during thaw events, are required during storm water and coal pile effluent discharges at each affected storm water or coal pile effluent sampling point. Two thaw samples are needed from each storm water and coal pile effluent discharge to provide an indication of the losses of contaminants during the winter months. In cases where samples cannot be collected from a storm water sampling point or coal pile effluent sampling point because of a lack of sufficient volume of discharge, an additional set of samples must be collected as soon as possible in order to provide a total of 12 data points in the monitoring year. Samples should be collected towards the beginning of the discharge in order to catch the "first flush" effects. However, in cases where a retention structure is available to provide holdup time, a sample representative of the contents of the structure may be collected directly from the structure prior to its discharge. The list of parameters to be analyzed reflect the process and plant areas from which the storm water and coal pile effluent originates and passes through. Pre-regulation monitoring data was used for defining monitoring requirements. In the General Regulation, reference is made to "developed areas" in context of the storm water definition. Within the EPG Sector Regulation, the following criteria are intended to be used: 1 . "Developed Area" is an outdoor area within the station boundary which routinely contains chemicals, except demineralized water, either in bulk storage, system equipment, or waste storage. 2. At Category C, nuclear-powered thermal generating stations these areas include, but, are not limited to: a) Combustion turbine unit fuel storage area b) Lube oil storage tank farm c) Main, system and distribution transformers d) Acid and caustic storage tanks e) Bulk chemical loading and unloading areas f) Switch yards 3. At Category A, fossil-fuelled thermal generating stations these areas include, but, are not limited to: a) Same as above b) Fuel oil storage area/tank farm c) Yard drains from uncontained coal, ash and oil loading, unloading, or handling areas. d) Yard drains from the vicinity of coal piles and yard ash handling equipment. 4. All other sites as per site specific schedules in the regulation. 5. Where, at a plant similar storm water catchment areas are being drained, representative catchment area sampling will be permitted. WASTE DISPOSAL SITE EFFLUENT MONITORING Samples are only required monthly if a discharge of a waste disposal site effluent occurs in that month. The discharge of effluent will originate generally as a result of a storm event. Therefore, the samples should be collected towards the beginning of the discharge to catch the "first flush" effects, as noted in section 15. SECTION 17: EQUIPMENT CLEANING EFFLUENT AND POTENTIALLY CONTAMINATED BUILDING EFFLUENT MONITORING Samples are only required monthly if discharges of equipment cleaning effluent and potentially contaminated building effluent occur. The discharge of effluent will originate primarily as a result of station sump discharges at high level, the cleaning of boilers and air preheaters, and boiler wet-layup discharges. SECTION 18: EMERGENCY OVERFLOW EFFLUENT MONITORING Monitoring of emergency overflows is intended to measure effluents which discharge directly to a surface watercourse while bypassing all designated sampling points at the site. An overflow which discharges to a treatment system need not be monitored under this Regulation. SECTION 19: QUALITY CONTROL MONITORING Each of the quality control samples to be collected provides different information about the quality of the effluent samples collected and indicates possible field contamination. Only process effluents and combined effluent will require field quality control samples, as these effluents will be monitored to a greater extent and will likely be used in the development of effluent limits. Information obtained from the quality control samples will be used as an indicator of sampling variability for other effluents. Monthly analyses of quality control samples from one process effluent or combined effluent stream are required for those parameters which are analyzed on a daily or thrice weekly basis. The quality control samples are collected on the same days as the daily and thrice weekly samples specified in Sections 7 and 8. Quarterly analyses are required for those parameters which are analyzed on a weekly or monthly basis and are collected on the same day as the weekly and monthly samples specified in Sections 9 and 10. Quality control samples are to be collected from a combined effluent sampling point only if there are no process effluent sampling points at that particular site. The effluent stream selected should be that with the most comprehensive analytical requirements and should include applicable parameters from analytical test groups 1 - 27. A duplicate sample provides a measure of the reproducibility of sampling techniques used at the site, including the integrity of the sample containers. A travelling blank sample will provide an indication of any problems with sample contamination due to extraneous volatile fractions of contaminants in the atmosphere and any contaminants introduced by handling of the sample containers. Analytical test groups 1 (COD), 3 (pH) and 8 (TSS/VSS) are excluded from the analysis. Travelling blanks for COD and TSSA/SS are relatively ineffective. Gross contamination would be required to be detected at the ppm levels of detection for these tests. No information relevant to samples is to be gained for pH on a travelling blank of distilled water. A travelling spiked blank sample should provide an indication of the degree of degradation of the target parameters from the time of sampling to analysis, which in turn may indicate degradation of the target parameters in the effluent sample itself. Only analytical test groups 16 to 20, 23, 24 and 27 indicated in the respective monitoring schedules are to be analyzed as they are most likely to volatilize or degrade in the unpreserved solution. Travelling spiked blanks are not required for the conventional parameters and metals. Inorganic parameters in samples are stable. Most of the samples are either preserved or are analyzed within very short time periods. The travelling spiked blank samples must be prepared with a standard solution which contains all of the parameters in the analytical test groups for which the analyses are required. Additional quality control samples are to be analyzed and prepared by the laboratory, as outlined in section 4 of the General Regulation. These samples will provide an indication of analytical variability and laboratory contamination due to the analytical procedures. Subsection (13) requires that a direct discharger need only fulfill the requirements of subsection (7), (9) and (12) in four consecutive quarters. However, due to the start of monitoring on June 1 , 1 990, that is the end of a quarter, it is recommended that the obligations of this section commence during the quarter commencing July 1 , 1 990. SECTION 20: TOXICITY TESTING Section 5 of the General Regulation specifies the test protocols which must be followed for the fish toxicity test and the Daphnia magna acute lethality toxicity test. Toxicity test samples are to be collected at each process effluent, combined effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, event discharge effluent, batch discharge effluent and once-through cooling water sampling point. Event discharge effluents at Bruce NGS-A and Bruce NGS-B and the Bruce Heavy Water Plants do not require toxicity testing since they discharge into RLWMS Tanks and Heavy Water Plants Process Effluent respectively. Also, water treatment plant neutralization sump process effluents discharging through ash transport water treatment systems do not require toxicity testing. The samples must be collected on the same day as the monthly routine monitoring samples for the same effluent stream in order to aid in the interpretation and possible correlation of the chemical analyses and the resultant biological effects. Effluent samples used for the fish toxicity and Daphnia magna tests are to be taken from the same sample container or set of containers in order to minimize the likelihood of sample differences. The use of 100% undiluted test solutions only, in place of the full series of dilutions, is permitted for the fish toxicity test except for boiler blowdown effluents, as follows. The boiler blowdown effluents are excepted because of the rotational monitoring schedules under which the same boiler blowdown effluent will normally not be monitored over the entire year. A 100% undiluted test solution may be used if 3 consecutive monthly tests result in no more than 2 fish deaths at each effluent concentration. Full serial dilution tests would be reinstated where 100% undiluted test solution results in more than 2 fish deaths. Resumption of the 1 00% undiluted tests is allowed if 3 consecutive full dilution tests result in no more than 2 fish deaths at each concentration level. It is not unusual for one fish in a serial dilution sample to suffer mortality due to natural causes. Therefore, mortality greater than two fish in most cases would be an indication of some effluent lethality. The use of 100% undiluted test solutions only, in place of the full series of dilutions, is not permitted for the Daphnia magna tests on process, combined, batch discharge, event discharge and boiler blowdown effluents. Substantially less information is available about the effects of Ontario's effluents on Daphnia magna and, therefore, a full 12 months of testing is required. Toxicity tests are required for once-through cooling water effluent streams to verify their non-lethality. The toxicity samples must be collected on the same day as the routine monthly monitoring samples for that stream in order to provide a correlation of the chemical analyses and the resultant biological effects. A 100% undiluted test solution may be used for all quarterly once- through cooling water samples after the initial test where the fish toxicity test results in mortality for no more than 2 out of 10 fish at each effluent concentration. Full serial dilution tests would be reinstated where the 100% undiluted test solution results in mortality greater than 2 out of ten fish at each effluent concentration. Special Note: Toxicity Testing of Radioactive Liquid Waste Management System (RLWMS) Tanks at nuclear-powered thermal generating stations: Monthly samples will be screened on the basis of the following criteria: Tritium: less than 100 u Ci/Kg. Gross gamma: less than 0.25 u Ci/Kg. It is expected that the chemical composition of the tanks meeting these criteria would represent all of the tank discharges. D- 18 Special Note: Boiler blowdown effluent, previously, was thought to possibly be toxic to fish and/or Daphnia magna at 100% strength due to the demineralized nature of the water. Subsequent testing performed by the MOE and Ontario Hydro found that demineralized water did not cause the mortality of fish, while boiler blowdown effluent at low dilutions did. Therefore, dilution series tests should be carried out for this effluent. SECTION 21: FLOW MEASUREMENT Protocols and procedures for flow measurement are outlined in section 6 of the General Regulation. Flow measurement accuracy requirements are a function of stream type. An accuracy of +7% ( +5% for primary device and +2% for secondary device) is required for process, batch discharge, event discharge, and boiler blowdown effluent streams in order to establish accurate loadings on those streams with the greatest potential for impact. An accuracy of +20% is required for all other effluent except storm water and coal pile effluent stream types, including combined effluent streams, in order to provide an estimate of the contaminant loadings and to determine their potential for impact on the receiving watercourse. A +20% accuracy is desirable ( not a requirement) for storm water and coal pile effluent depending upon the method proposed by the discharger in the initial report. Flow measurement systems on process effluent streams installed prior to promulgation of the EPGS Regulation need only meet an overall accuracy requirement of + 15% of actual flow. While continuous flow measurement of combined effluent streams to +7% is preferred and would generally provide a more accurate determination of loadings, the Regulation allows for continuous flow measurement of a combined effluent stream to be accurate to +20%. The measurement of flow in a process effluent stream may require the use of both a primary and secondary flow measurement device. Typical primary measurement devices which may be employed include: parshall flumes; weirs; orifice plates; magnetic flowmeters; venturi meters. Secondary measurement devices are typically electronic interfaces with the primary devices which interpret the measurements and convert them to usable flow data. These data are commonly presented in a continuous chart form or discrete readout. A continuous chart is preferred to provide a record of the flow variability. In cases where a storm water effluent, coal pile effluent, potentially contaminated building effluent, equipment cleaning effluent, or waste disposal site effluent is collected in a retention structure prior to discharge, the volume discharged may be measured using the change in level of the waste water in the retention structure. Special Note: Flow measurement for boiler blowdown effluent may be estimated by boiler feedwater make up or an alternate acceptable to the Director. It is acknowledged that the feedwater make up method will over estimate the actual blowdown quantity because of other uses, blow-off of steam at nuclear stations and leaks. In the case of RLWMS tank batch discharge effluent, daily flow may be calculated from the tank geometry and difference in levels of liquid discharged and number of discharges in an operating day. The General Regulation requires that good maintenance and calibration practices for the measurement devices be followed. Subsection 21(4) requires measurement or estimation of volume and duration for each storm water, coal pile effluent, event discharge effluent, emergency overflow effluent, equipment cleaning effluent, potentially contaminated building effluent and waste disposal site effluent where applicable, as required by collection of a sample. Although the frequency of monitoring these streams is dictated by the Regulation and plant/station operations it is recommended that a record of all such discharges be maintained to the extent feasible and practical. Such information will be of additional use in interpreting the data base. Subsections (8) to (1 1) require that the accuracies of flow measuring devices for process and combined effluent streams be demonstrated either by calibration performed no earlier than 1 year prior to the promulgation of the EPGS Regulation or by the submission of reports certifying that the flow measuring devices have been installed according to recognized national or international standards. SECTION 22: REPORTING Section 7 of the General Regulation outlines the reporting requirements for each direct discharger. The contents of an Initial Report to be submitted prior to monitoring under the Regulation are outlined in the General Regulation and subsection (3) of the EPGS Regulation. Four copies of Initial Reports must be submitted by April 1, 1990 to the respective Regional Director. All information which is considered by the station/plant to be confidential business information must be so identified on each page submitted to the Ministry. This report is intended to provide the Ministry with a clear understanding of plant processes and the procedures each plant will follow in carrying out the requirements of this Regulation. Four copies of the Initial Report, including any attachments, should be provided. A guidance document will be available from the Ministry prior to promulgation of the ERG Regulation to provide assistance in preparing the Initial Report. Subsection 3(3) and Schedule DD of the EPGS Regulation lists the owners of the sector members by name as of August 1 , 1 989. Any change of name or ownership must be notified within 30 days after the end of the month during which the change occurs. Results from all analyses performed by the laboratory must be reported, including all positive numerical values at or above the laboratory calculated method detection limit. This includes results from all analyses required by the EPGS Regulation as well as the results from the monthly analyses for verification of on-line analyzer performance required by subsection 4(18) of the General Regulation. In cases where a laboratory has a method detection limit lower than the maximum allowed by the Regulation, all positive values below the MISA method detection limit and above the calculated laboratory MDL must be reported. This will ensure that accurate data is reported. Subsection (14) to (16) refer to the reporting of temperature data recorded at the temperature measurement points and corresponding intake water temperature on specified once-through cooling water streams. Flow measurement information must be reported for all process effluent, boiler blowdown effluent, combined effluent, batch discharge effluent, and once-through cooling water streams. The duration and approximate volume of discharges of storm water, coal pile effluent, event discharge effluent, equipment cleaning effluent, potentially contaminated building effluent, waste disposal site effluent and emergency overflow effluent is to be reported. The date and duration of each storm event, the amount of rainfall and the approximate duration of each discharge is required. This information is required in order to correlate the analytical data with the event which occurred. A heavy rainfall or a close succession of storm events may lead to dilution, not only of the storm water but also other effluents, and thereby impact the analytical results. A schedule of the sampling dates and times for monthly ( process, once-through cooling water and event discharge effluent), characterization/open characterization and toxicity sampling is required for Ministry inspection purposes. Inspection samples will be collected for the Ministry concurrent with the collection of samples by the plant site. Sampling procedures used at the plant will also be inspected during Ministry inspections. The quantities of chemicals added to all once-through cooling water is required in order to provide a greater understanding of the potential and degree of contamination. Routine monitoring on its own will not provide sufficient information as the analyses may not be performed for the added chemicals. The quantities of oil and grease, lubricants, seal oils, transformer oils, hydraulic fluids, and bulk chemicals consumed at hydraulic generating stations (all 68, See Schedule DD) will provide an indication of loadings of these contaminants to the environment. A flow variability report, as specified in subsection 3(5) of the General Regulation and subsection (29), is required by June 30. 1991 for each process effluent stream from which samples are collected other than by means of an automatic flow proportional composite sampling device. This report is intended to be used by the plant to show that the effluent .*low is non-variable and therefore would not require flow proportional sampling for further collection of samples. Failure to provide this report will designate the effluent stream as a variable flow stream requiring flow proportional sampling commencing 3 months from the report due date. Flow proportional sampling will thus begin no later than October 1 , 1 991 , if required. The on-going use of approved on-line analyzers for daily monitoring of final discharges will continue to be permitted. A report detailing any equipment malfunctions or any other problems such as unit/station shutdown or plant outages which interfere with carrying out the requirements of both the General and EPGS Regulations, and the remedial action taken, must be provided. The reasons for non-compliance with the requirements, as documented in this report, may be taken into consideration by abatement and enforcement staff investigating an act of non-compliance. It is prudent to have backup systems available for critical elements to minimize the chances of non-compliance. All records which are required to be kept by this Sector are primarily for inspection purposes to ensure compliance with this Regulation. The records should be kept for a period of two years beyond the submission of the last report in compliance with the requirements of the EPGS Regulation. SECTION 23: COMMENCEMENT The EPGS Regulation, except sections 6 to 20 and subsections 21(1) to (7), comes into force on December 27, 1989. The Initial Report for each direct discharger is required by April 1, 1990. The sampling, analytical, flow measurement, toxicity testing and reporting requirements come into force the first day of June 1990. The implementation period between filing of this Regulation and June 1 ,1990 is intended to provide sufficient time to allow the plant site to purchase and install equipment, negotiate contracts with laboratories, set up their monitoring programs, and train personnel. REVOCATION The requirements of sections 6(1), (5), (6), (9), and (10), sections 8 to 10, subsection 11(1), section 12, subsection 15(1), sections 16 to 19, and subsections 20(1) to 20(6) and (12) to (15) are revoked on June 1, 1991. In order to provide monitoring during the period before the intended Effluent Limits Regulation is promulgated, the daily monitoring requirements for process effluents, combined effluents, batch discharge effluents, and boiler blowdown effluent outlined in section 7 subsection 5(3) sections 13 and 14 will remain in force. Only conventional daily parameters will be monitored. In case of rotational boiler blowdown monitoring any one boiler may be monitored per discharger. The daily samples must be collected and analyzed according to the principles and protocols followed during the twelve month monitoring period. Flow measurement of these streams must continue with the accuracy specified in the General Regulation and the EPGS Regulation. Reporting of all analytical and flow measurement results is required according to the General Regulation. Characterization/open characterization and toxicity testing will not continue under the EPGS Regulation beyond May 31 , 1 991 .