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MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
DEVONIAN
PLATES
MARYLAND
ii
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
DEVONIAN
PLATES
SCIENCES UMAtf
BALTIMORE, MD., U. S. A.
DEVONIAN
LOWER
270267
NOTE
Plates I to XVI, illustrating the Geological and Paleontological Relations of the Lower Devonian, are bound with the text volume. The following plates illustrate the Systematic Paleontology of the Lower Devonian of Maryland.
All drawings cited from New York formations, in the following descriptions of plates, are from the Paleontology of New York, and are after Hall or Hall and Clarke. Only in cases where Hall figured material from Maryland is acknowledgment made in the descriptions.
PLATE XVII
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. HINDIA SPH^ROIDALIS Duncan 195
1. Exterior view.
2. Radial section of sponge.
3. Tangential section showing tubes. X 4.
4. Radial section showing spicules and tubes. X 4.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 5-9. STREPTELASMA STKICTUM Hall 198
5. 6. Lateral and posterior views of corallum.
7. Transverse section.
New Scotland formation, New York.
8. Interior of calyx.
9. Transverse section of corallum.
Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Cherry Run. W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XVII
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA
PLATE XVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. STREPTELASMA CUMBEELANDICA Swartz n. sp 199
1. Exterior of weathered corallum.
2. Longitudinal section of same individual.
Helderberg formation, near Cumberland.
Figs. 3-7. ZAPHRENTIS RCEMERI M. Edwards and Haime 200
3. Side view of corallum, questionably referred to this species. Oris-
kany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
4. Side view of corallum.
5. 6. Transverse sections of corallum. 7. Longitudinal section of corallum.
New Scotland formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XVIII
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA
PLATE XIX
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. ZAPHRENTIS KEYSERENSIS Swartz n. sp 201
1. Side view of type.
2, 3. Transverse sections.
4. Longitudinal section of a small individual.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Pigs. 5-9. CYATHOPHYLLUM CLARKI Swartz n. sp 201
5. Side view of type.
6. Interior of calyx of same. Martin Mountain, Allegany County.
7. Transverse section. X 2. Cumberland.
8. Longitudinal section. Martin Mountain, Allegany County.
9. Side view of corallum showing deep annular constrictions. Same
locality. Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
Figs. 10, 11. CYATHOPHYLLUM OHERNI Swartz n. sp 203
10. Side view of two individuals. The corallum on right side is in-
complete.
11. Interior of calyx of one of preceding.
Helderberg formation, Martin Mountain, Allegany County.
Figs. 12-17. CYATHOPHYLLUM RADICULUM Rominger ? 202
12-14. Side views of three coralla. 15-17. Calices of same individuals.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
to
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XIX
f
11
13 14 15 16
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA
17
PLATE XX
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. CYATHOPHYLLUM INEQUALE (Hall) 205
1. Transverse section of coralla.
2, 3. Portions of same. X 2 and X 5.
4. Longitudinal section. X 2.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Flintstone.
Figs. 5-9. CYATHOPHYLLUM SCHUCIIEBTI Swartz n. sp 203
5. Cluster of branching coralla. Devil's Backbone.
6. Single stem. Cash Valley, Lower Stromatopora bed.
7. Calyx. Same locality.
8. 9. Transverse and longitudinal sections. Devil's Backbone.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
n
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XX
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA
PLATE XXI
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. CYATHOPHYLLUM MARYLANDICUM Swartz n. sp 204
1. Portion of a branch. Hyndman, Pennsylvania.
2. View of calyx. Cash Valley, Lower Stromatopora bed.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
Figs. 3-6. HEUOPHYLLTJM CF. COKNICULTJM Lesueur 206
3. 4. Side view and calyx. Martin Mountain, Allegany County.
5, 6. Small individual, questionably referred to this species. Cumber- land.
Helderberg formation.
Figs. 7-9. CYSTIPHYLLUM FASCICTJLATUM Swartz n. sp 207
7. Side view of several corallites.
8. Transverse section of same.
9. Transverse section of a single corallite.
Helderberg formation, Cumberland.
Figs. 10, 11. COLUMNARIA ? HELDERBERG I.E Swartz n. sp 207
10. Longitudinal section of type.
11. Longitudinal section of same. X 5.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Warrior Mountain, Allegany County.
12
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXI
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA
PLATE XXII
PAGE
Fig. 1. FAVOSITES HELDERBERGI^E Hall 208
Corallum showing hemispherical form. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 2-7. FAVOSITES HELDERBERGI.E VAR. PR^CEDENS Schuchert 209
2. Corallum of lobate form. Keyser, W. Va.
3. Corallum of clavate form. Near Seymour, W. Va.
4. Corallum of dendroid form. Keyser, W. Va.
5, 6. Tangential and radial sections. X 2%. Lower Stromatopora
bed, Devil's Backbone.
7. Corallum possessing yery small cells. Cash Valley. Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXII
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA
PLATE XXIII
PA6E
Figs. 1-4. FAVOSITES PYRIFORMIS Hall 211
1. Transverse section. X 1.
2. Same. X 2.
3. Longitudinal section. X 1.
4. Same. X 2.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 5-7. FAVOSITES CONICUS Hall 212
5. 6. Side view and base of characteristic form.
7. Longitudinal section of several cells. X 2.
Helderberg formation, Becraft member, cut of B. & O. R. R. through North Mountain, W. Va.
Figs. 8, 9. FAVOSITES BASALTICUS Goldfuss 212
8. Portion of corallum.
9. Enlargement of several cells. X 2.
Helderberg formation, Cumberland.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXIII
CCELENTERATA ANTHOZOA
PLATE XXIV
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. FAVOSITES FAVOSUS VAR. INTEGRITABULATUS Swartz n. var 214
1. Weathered corallum.
2. Longitudinal section of several cells.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Warrior Mountain, Allegany County.
Figs. 3-6. FAVOSITES ? SCHRIVERI (Herzer) 214
3. 4. Upper and side views of enlarged base of corallum. 5, 6. Fragments of brandies.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, opposite Keyser, W. Va.
15
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXIV
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA
PLATE XXV
PAGE Figs. 1, 2. STRIATOPORA BELLA Swartz n. sp 215
1. Portion of a corallum.
2. Branching corallum. X 2.
Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Cherry Run, W. Va.
Fig. 3. STBIATOPORA sp 216
Fragment of a corallum. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Figs. 4-7. CLADOPOBA RECTILINEATA Simpson 216
4. Slab covered with numerous branches. Keyser, W. Va.
5. A branching corallum. Pinto.
6. Longitudinal and transverse sections. X 4. Four miles northeast
of Cumberland.
7. Transverse sections. X 4. Same locality.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXV
CCELENTERATA ANTHOZOA
PLATE XXVI
PAGE
Fig. 1. PiEURODicTYUM LENTICULARE (Hall) 218
Portion of a corallum. Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, near Cumberland.
Figs. 2, 3. AULOPORA SCHOHARI.E Hall 219
2. Branching corallum attached to a brachiopod.
3. Several branches. X 3.
Helderberg formation, Becraft member, Ernstville.
Figs. 4, 5. AULOPORA SCHUCHERTI Swartz n. sp 219
4. View of type.
5. Enlargement of several branches. X 4.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 6, 7. CERATOPORA ? MARYLANDICA Swartz n. sp 220
6. Slab covered with numerous branches.
7. Transverse section of a single branch. X 5.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Fig. 8. HALYSITES CATENULATUS Linne 220
Corallum showing chain-like branching. Niagara formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXVI
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA
PLATE XXVII
PAGE
Figs. 1-6. STROMATOPORA CONSTELLATA Hall 221
1, 2. Type A. Tangential and radial sections. X 10. Lower Stroma- topora bed, Devil's Backbone.
3. Type B. Tangential section. X 10. Keyser, W. Va.
4. Type B. Tangential section. X 10. Cash Valley.
5. 6. Type C. Tangential and radial sections. X 10. East bank of
Potomac River opposite Pinto. Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXVII
'
•
,. a <,.•
'
•"•
>
''
"' '
CCELENTERATA HYDROZOA
PLATE XXVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. STROMATOPORA CONSTELLATA Hall 221
Type C. Tangential and radial sections (thin sections). Showing very large and intricately branched astorhizae. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 3, 4. SYRINGOSTROMA BARRETTI Girty 224
3. Section obliquely tangential. X 10.
4. Section obliquely radial. X 10. Branch of Cladopora rectilineata
(Simpson) at edge.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cookerly, Stromato- pora bed.
Figs. 5, 6. SYRINGOSTROMA CENTROTUM Girty 225
5. 6. Tangential and radial sections. X 10. Helderberg formation,
base of Keyser member, Warrior Mountain, Allegany County.
19
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXVIII
m
"
5 6
CGELENTERATA — HYDROZOA
PLATE XXIX
PAGE
Fig. 1. STROMATOPORA CONSTELLATA Hall 221
Type A. Portion of a reef formed of this species. X %. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
20
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXIX
CCELENTERATA HYDROZOA
PLATE XXX
PAGE
Fig. 1. STROMATOPORA CONSTELLATA Hall 221
Type C. View of surface showing mamelons and astorhizae. Helder- berg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone, Stromato- pora bed.
Fig. 2. SYRIXGOSTROMA CENTRQTUM Girty 225
View of surface showing numerous small mamelons. Helder- berg formation, Keyser member, Warrior Mountain, Allegany County.
•21
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXX
CCELENTERATA — HYDROZOA
PLATE XXXI
PAGK
Figs. 1-5. CAMAROCRINUS STELLATUS Hall 227
1-3. Three transverse cuts through the same bulb; the letters indicate the same wall in the different sections; M, the medio-basal chamber. X %.
4. Another specimen cut through the center longitudinally; M, medio-
basal chamber. X %.
5. A second bulb cut through the center longitudinally. X %.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXI
ECHINODERMATA — CYSTOIDEA
PLATE XXXII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. ANOMALOCYSTITES ? DISPARILIS Hall 228
1. Anteal or concave side, showing the deeply arched or crescentic
form of base with the succeeding plates.
2. Posteal or convex side, showing the form and arrangement of plates.
3. Lateral view of the same specimen.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 4-7. LEPOCRINITES GEBHARM Conrad 229
4. The anterior side, showing the pectinated rhombs at the base.
5. The posterior side, showing the ovarian aperture with the sur-
rounding plates removed.
6. The left side of the same specimen. The prominence of the ovarian
side over the opposite is well seen.
7. Base of column, showing slight evidences of rings.
Coeymans formation, New York.
Figs. 8, 9. LEPOCRINITES MANLIUS Schuchert 231
Two views of type. X 2. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 10, 11. TETRACYSTIS CHRYSALIS Schuchert 232
10. View showing upper left-hand pectinirhomb. X 2.
11. Same specimen from the antanal side. X 2.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 12-16. J^KELOCYSTIS HARTLEYI Schuchert 233
12. View of type; a large specimen. Anal opening to the right. X 2.
13. A smaller specimen with the anal opening to the left. X 2.
14. Camera-lucida drawing of the oral end to show the arrangement
of the ambulacral plates, the ambulacralia (somewhat re- stored), brachiole attachments, and the plate with the madre- porite; the latter lies in the depression of the large plate on the left of the figure. X 2.
15. The anal pyramid; the positions of the bounding plates, 7, 8, 13,
14, are indicated. X 8.
16. Plates 14 and 15, with the discrete-pectinirhombs; the dichopores
on plate 14 are deeply situated and do not show on the surface. X 8. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXII
12
ECHINODERMATA — CYSTOIDEA
PLATE XXXIII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. J^KELOCYSTTS PAPILLATUS Schuchert 234
1. Anal view. X 2.
2. Antanal view of the type; pectinirhomb 14-15 is faintly indicated
on the left. X 2.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 3, 4. .LEKELOCYSTIS AVEIXANA Schuchert 235
3. View of type, with the anal opening to the left and pectinirhomb of
plates 14-15 to the right. X 3.
4. Same specimen from above, showing the two small discrete-pectini-
rhombs, the central madreporite, and the large anal opening. X 3. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 5-9. PSEUDOCRINITES GORDONI Schuchert 236
5. 6. Two views of type, a specimen somewhat larger than usual.
7. Another specimen.
8. A smaller but adult individual of the rounder variety.
9. An elongate individual, somewhat abnormal in having the ambu-
lacra drawn over on the anal side more than is usual. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 10-12. PSEUDOCRINITES ABNORMALIS Schuchert 238
10. View of the sides having the abnormal position of the lower
pectinirhomb.
11. Opposite side of the same specimen.
12. End view of same.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 13, 14. PSEUDOCRINITES STELLATUS Schuchert 239
Two side views of type. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 15-18. PSEUDOCRINITES CI.ARKI Schuchert 240
15-17. Three views of type, an average adult individual. 18. A very large specimen of this species. The plates around the pectinirhomb are somewhat broken. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
24
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXIII
17
18
ECHINODERMATA CYSTOIDEA
PLATE XXXIV
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. PSEUDOCRINITES SUBQUADRATUS Schuchert 237
Two views of type. X 2. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Pigs. 3, 4. PSEUDOCRINITES ELQNGATUS Schuchert 241
Two views of the type. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Martin Mountain, Bedford County, Penna.
Figs. 5-7. PSEUDOCRINITES PERDEWI Schuchert
5. Side view of a young specimen. X 2.
6, 7. Two views of type.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
242
244
Figs. 8-10. TRIMEROCYSTIS PECULJAKIS Schuchert
8. View of type from anal side. 9, 10. Same specimen from side.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 11, 12. SPH^EROCYSTITES MULTIFASCIATUS Hall 245
11. A large specimen, from anal side; most of the sculpturing con-
sists of the ambulacral branches. X 2.
12. The same individual from above. X 2.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 13, 14. SPH^ROCYSTITES GLOBULARIS Schuchert 247
The type seen from anal side and above. X 2. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXIV
12
ECHINODERMATA CYSTOIDEA
PLATE XXXV
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. SPH^BOCYSTITES MUI/TIFASCIATUS Hall 245
1. The two circles of plates composing the anal pyramid; the numbers
indicate the bounding thecal plates. About X 5.
2. Part of an ambulacrum, showing one row of ambulacral plates, the
ambulacralia, and remnants of brachioles. About X 10.
3. An incomplete brachiole. About X 10.
4. Deltoid 23, with the madreporite and hydropore closed by its
pyramid. About X 10.
Figs. 5, 6. SPH^EROCYSTTTES GLOBUT..ARIS Schuchert 247
5. The anal pyramid and the bounding thecal plates indicated by
numbers. About X 5.
6. 'Part of an ambulacrum, showing the ambulacral and ambulacralia plates, and the points of attachment for the brachioles. About X 5.
Fig. 7. PSEUDOCRINITES STELLATUS Schuchert 239
Part of an ambulacrum, showing one row of ambulacral plates, the brachiole facets, and the ambulacralia with their intermediate large plates. About X 5.
Figs. 8-10. PSEUDOCRINITES PERDEWI Schuchert 242
8. Deltoid 23, with the madreporite and the small hydropore; the
double row of small plates and the ambulacralia. About X 5.
9. Portion of an ambulacrum in a young specimen. About X 5.
10. Same as fig. 9; seen from the side to show the high elevation of ambulacralia. About X 5.
Figs. 11-13. PSEUDOCRINITES GORDONI Schuchert 236
11. Portion of an ambulacrum. About X 5.
12. A nearly complete brachiole. About X 5.
13. Deltoid 23 crowded into the ambulacral plates, showing the madre-
porite and hydropore. About X 5.
Fig. 14. PSEUDOCRINITES CLARKI Schuchert 240
Plate 13 on the left and the incomplete circle of 7 small plates bounding the anal pyramid of 7 pieces. About X 5.
Figs. 15-16. LEPOCRINITES MANLIUS Schuchert 231
15. An ambulacrum near the oral opening. About X 5.
16. The two circles of pieces composing the anal pyramid. About X 5.
M
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXV
ECHINODERMATA — CYSTOIDEA
PLATE XXXVI
PAGE
Fig. 1. SPH^ROCYSTITES GLOBULARIS Schuchert 247
The entire stalk, terminating in the roots at one end, and at the other preserving a few of the thecal plates, seen from the interior. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Fig. 2. SPH^EROCYSTITES GLOBULARIS VAR. OVALIS Schuchert 248
Specimen seen from the side. X 2. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 3-7. THYSANOCRINUS ETJGENIUS Ohern, n. sp 249
3, 4. Side and inferior view of calyx.
5. Side view of calyx showing bases of arms.
6. Exterior view of an arm.
7. Interior view of bases of arms.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 8, 9. TECHNOCRINUS STRIATUS (Hall) 250
8. Plate belonging to this species.
9. The basal plates anchylosed together with a small portion of the
column attached, and also one first radial plate.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 10, 11. TECHNOCRINUS SCULPTUS Hall 250
Basal and lateral view of the lower part of the body. Oriskany forma- tion, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXVI
11
10
•••••••i"
ECHINODERMATA — CYSTOIDEA — CRINOIDEA
PLATE XXXVII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. TECHNOCBINUS SPINULOSUS (Hall) 251
1. The body and bases of the arms with a portion of the column
attached.
2. Diagram of the structure of the body to the base of the arms, as far
as determined.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 3-5. TECHNOCRINUS ? LEPIDTJS Ohern n. sp 252
3. Inferior view of calyx.
4. Cast of interior of calyx.
5. Side view of interior of calyx.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, near Berkeley Springs, W. Va.
28
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXVII
ECHINODERMATA — CRINOIDEA
PLATE XXXVIII
Fig. 1. TECHNOCRINUS ? LEPIDUS Ohern n. sp
Side view of calyx and lower part of arms. Ridgely member, near Hancock.
Oriskany formation,
PAGE
. 252
Fig. 2. TECHNOCRINUS ANDREWS: (Hall) ' 251
Side view of calyx and base of arms. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Hancock.
2!J
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXVIII
ECHINODERMATA — CRINOIDEA
PLATE XXXIX
Fig. 1. TECHNOCRINUS ? LEPIDUS Ohern n. sp
Nearly complete specimen showing calyx and arms, x %. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Berkeley Springs, W. Va.
PAGE 252
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXIX
ECHINODERMATA — CRINOIDEA
PLATE XL
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. CALCEOCRINUS MARYLANDICUS Ohern n. sp 253
Three views of calyx and base of arms. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, opposite Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 4, 5. HOMOCRINUS PROBOSCIDALIS Hall 255
4. View of calyx and base of arms.
5. Enlargement of same. X 2.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Fig. 6. HOMOCRINUS HARTLEY: Ohern n. sp 255
Side view of calyx. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumber- land.
Figs. 7-12. EDRIOCRINUS SACCULIIS Hall 25G
7-9. Three views of calyx and arms.
10-12. Three views of calyx and arms of a larger specimen. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 13-15. EDRIOCRINUS POCILLIFORMIS Hall 257
13. Basal view of a large individual, the proportional length being
greater than usual.
14. Lateral view of the same.
15. Interior of the same.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 16. CORNULITES CINGUL.ATUS Hall 258
Small specimen, enlarged. Helderberg formation, New York.
31
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XL
12
ECHINODERMATA CRINOIDEA
PLATE XLI
PAGE FigS. 1-5. FlSTULIPORELLA CUMULATA U. Sp 263
1. Side view of a zoarium, natural size.
2. Tangential section. X 20.
3. A portion of the same tangential section, X 40, showing the
characters of the mature zone.
4. Several zooecia of the same section, X 40, from a less mature
portion.
5. Vertical section, X 20, showing several layers of zoarium.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
FigS. 6-8. FlSTtTLIPORELLA QUINQUEDENTATA n. Sp 264
6. Tangential section, X 20, of the type specimen.
7. A zocecium of the same, X 50, showing the structure of the lunarium.
8. Vertical section of the type, X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 9-12. CHILOTRYPA MICROPORA n. sp 268
9. Zoarium, natural size, with end view of same, showing sack-like form.
10. Tangential section, X 20, exhibiting the very small zocecia and
the rather wide interzooecial spaces.
11. Vertical section, X 20, through portion of a zoarium illustrating
the variation in diameter of the central tube.
12. A portion of the same vertical section, X 40, showing the more
minute structure of the zooecia (zocec) and vesicles. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 13-17. CERAMOPORA ? IXCONDITA n. sp 260
13. A tangential section, X 12, passing through the mature zone
where the zocecia and mesopores are most irregular in shape and arrangement.
14. A similar section, X 12, through an immature portion of the same
zoarium.
15. A vertical section, X 12, through both zones of a thin incrusting
zoarium in which diaphragms appear to be wanting. 16, 17. Vertical sections, X 12, showing the usual characters of the mature region. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLI
12 13
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA
«r X\
PLATE XLII
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. STROMATOTRYPA GLOBULARIS n. sp 279
1, 2. Two vertical sections, X 10, one showing the usual features and the second illustrating the closing of a mesopore as the surface is approached.
3. A tangential section, X 20, with rounded zocecia and rather numer-
ous acanthopores and mesopores.
4. A few zocecia, X 20, of a tangential section in which mesopores are
few. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 5-9. CYPHOTRYPA CORRUGATA (Weller) 269
5. Tangential section, X 20, showing the simple polygonal zocecia.
6. 7. Several zocecia of the same section, X 50, illustrating the minute
structure of the walls and acanthopores.
8. A vertical section through an immature and mature zone, X 20.
9. Surface of a zoarium, X 9.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Fig. 10. PTILODICTYA TENEIXA n. sp 288
Tangential section, X 20, illustrating the shape of the zocecia and showing also the inferior hemiseptum as a sharp transverse line in most of the zocecia. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Figs. 11-16. STENOPORA ? INCRUSTANS n. sp 275
11, 12. Tangential sections, X 20, showing slight variations in the
wall structure. 13, 14. Several zocecia in thin sections, X 50, illustrating the structure
of the acanthopores and the minute dotting of the walls.
15. Vertical section, X 20, through a single layer of zocecia.
16. Surface of a specimen, X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
I I
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA
PLATE XLIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. LJOCLEMA SUBRAMOSUM n. sp 273
1. Vertical section, X 20.
2, 3. Tangential section, X 20, through the mature zone, and a small
portion of the same, X 50, illustrating the structure of the walls and acanthopores.
4. A tangential section, X 20, through an early stage of the mature
zone where the acanthopores are undeveloped and the zoo3cia are thin walled. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 5-8. ERIDOTRYPA PARVULIPORA n. sp 272
5. A tangential section, X 20.
6. A portion of another tangential section, X 20, in which the acantho-
pores are more numerous.
7. Several zocecia of a thin section, X 50.
8. A vertical section, X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 9-12. LJOCLEMA PULCHEIXUM, n. sp 274
9, 10. Tangential section, X 20, and a portion, X 35, passing through the mature zone.
11. A vertical section, X 20.
12. Surface of the type, X 9.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 13-16. FiSTULiPORELLA MINIMA n. sp 265
13. Side view of a zoarium, natural size.
14. Tangential section, X 20.
15. A zooBcium of the same section, X 50.
16. A vertical section, X 20, through two layers of zocpcia.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLIII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA
PLATE XL IV
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. CEBAMOPORA ? INCONDITA n. sp 260
1. View of a small zoarium, X 1.5, incrusting a Favosites.
2, 3. Surface of same, X 3 and X 9, respectively.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Fig. 4. CYPHOTBYPA COBBUGATA (Weller) 269
Side view of a hemispheric zoarium with the edge broken away, X 1.25. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Pinto.
Fig. 5. LIOCLEMA SUBBAMOSUM n. sp 273
Fragment of a zoarium, X 1.5. Helderberg formation, Keyser mem- ber, Keyser, W. Va.
Fig. 6. STENOPOBA ? INCBUSTANS n. sp 275
A zoarium, incrusting a specimen of Favosites, X 1.25. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 7-8. ERIDOTBYPA PABVULIPORA n. sp 272
7. Portion of small slab, X 1.25, showing several fragments of this
species.
8. Surface of one of the specimens, X 9.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLIV
MOLLUSCOIDEA BRYOZOA
PLATE XLV
PACK
Figs. 1, 2. BATOSTOMELLA INTERPOROSA n. sp 270
1. Vertical section, X 20, through the center of a branch.
2. Tangential section, X 20, showing the numerous acanthopores and
mesopores.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone, Maryland.
Figs. 3-6. DIPLOSTENOPORA SILURIANA (Weller) 277
3. Tangential section, X 20, cutting both mature and immature
region.
4. Portion of mature region of the same section, X 35.
5. Vertical section, X 20, with a second layer of zooecia on the left.
6. One-half of the same, X 35, illustrating the wall structure and
perforated diaphragms in more detail. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Fig. 7. SEMICOSCINITJM PLANUM n. sp 285
Transverse section of the type specimen, X 12, introduced to show the expanded carina. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Hyndman, Penna.
FigS. 8-11. FlSTULIPOREIXA MARYLANDICA n. Sp 266
8. Portion of a rather narrow zoarium, natural size.
9. Tangential section, X 20, passing through a macula and adjoining
zooecia.
10. Several zorecia of the same section, X 35, exhibiting granular
structure of lunarium.
11. Vertical section, X 20, showing a portion of a solid branch.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 12-14. ORTHOPORA RHOMBIFERA Hall 286
12. Tangential section, X 20, illustrating quincuncial arrangement
and rhomboidal shape of zooscia in an average example.
13. Tangential section of an old zoarium, X 30.
14. Vertical section, X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Fig. 15. FENESTELLA (CYCLOPORINA) ALTIDORSATA n. sp 282
Transverse section, X 12, showing the carinated obverse and reverse sides and the ovicell-like structure on the sides of the carina. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
36
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLV
f 10
MOLLUSCOIDEA BRYOZOA
11
PLATE XL VI
PAGE
Fig. 1. RHOPALONARIA ATTENUATA Ulrich and Bassler 259
The excavations left by a portion of a colony upon an auloporoid, X 9. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Fig. 2. ASCODICTYON SILURIENSE Vine 260
Eight groups of vesicles, X 9, attached to a brachiopod. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
FigS. 3-7. FlSTULIPORELLA MAYNARDI n. Sp 266
3. A slightly oblique tangential section, X 20, illustrating the struc-
ture of the outer ridge-like walls on one edge of the drawing and the usual zocecia and mesopores elsewhere.
4. Tangential section, X 20, through the outermost part of the
zoarium.
5. Vertical section, X 20, through two layers of zooacia but not includ-
ing the outer ridge-like wall in either layer.
6. Surface view of zooecia, X 9, with crested walls and overarching
lunaria well developed.
7. View of another portion of the same specimen, X 9, in which the
ridge-like outer wall is shown only in one corner. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 8-9. STROMATOTRYPA GLOBULARIS n. sp 279
8. Side view of a zoarium, natural size, showing a portion of the
wrinkled base.
9. Surface of zoarium, X 9.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
37
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLVI
MOLLUSCOIDEA BRYOZOA
PLATE XLVII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. FENESTEIXA CUMBERLANDICA n. sp 280
1. Obverse face, X 5.
2. Reverse face, X 5.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Fig. 3. POLYPORA DICTYOTA n. sp 283
Reverse face of the type specimen, X 5. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Figs. 4-6. THAMNISCUS KEGULARIS n. sp 286
4, 6. Celluliferous and non-celluliferous face respectively of the two
type specimens, X 1.5. 6. Enlargement of a portion of fig. 4, X 5.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLVII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA
PLATE XLVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. DIPLOSTENOPORA siLURiANA (Weller) 277
1. An incomplete zoarium of average size, X 1.5, with low monticules.
2. A more robust incomplete, smooth zoarium, X 1.5.
3. Surface of specimen shown in fig. 1, X 9.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Fig. 4. FlSTULIPORELLA MARYLANDICA n. Sp 266
Surface of a zoarium, X 6, exhibiting the well-marked solid maculae. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Fig. 5. BATOSTOMELLA INTERPOROSA n. sp 270
One of the type specimens, X 5. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Fig. 6. ORTHOPORA RHOMBIFERA Hall 286
Surface of a slab, X 5, showing numerous fragments of this species. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 7, 8. PTILODICTYA TENELLA n. sp 288
7. Incomplete specimen, X 5.
8. Surface of same, X 9.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLVIII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA
PLATE XLIX
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. FENESTELLA (CYCLOPORINA) ALTIDORSATA n. sp 282
1. An incomplete, well-preserved frond, X 1.5.
2. Surface of a slab, X 2, with specimens showing both obverse and
reverse sides.
3. A third specimen, X 5, exhibiting the celluliferous face.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Fig. 4. SEMICOSCINIUM PLAXUM n. sp 285
Portion of the non-celluliferous face of the type specimen, x 5. Helder- berg formation, Keyser member, Hyndman, Penna.
40
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLIX
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA
PLATE L
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. MONOTRYPA TABTJLATA (Hall) 278
1. Vertical fracture of a zoarium, natural size, showing corrugated
zooecial walls.
2. A portion of the same enlarged.
3-4. Vertical and tangential sections, X 6.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 5-8. CALLOTKYPA STRIATA (Hall and Simpson) 271
5. A fragment of limestone with small examples of this species, natural
size.
6, 7. A small fragment and a portion of the same enlarged.
8. A further enlargement (X 18), showing the arrangement of the zooacia and mesopores and the prominent spine, at the posterior end of the zooacium. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 9, 10. CALLOTRYPA MACROPORA (Hall) 271
A branching fragment and a portion of the same enlarged. New Scot- land formation, New York.
Figs. 11, 12. ERIDOTRYPA CORTICOSA (Hall) 273
A fragment, natural size, and a portion of the same enlarged showing the thick walled zocecia. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 13-15. CHILOTRYPA CONSTRICTA (Hall) 269
13. A small piece of limestone with fragments of this species. 14, 15. Two fragments enlarged, the first showing the regular arrange- ment of the zooecia and the second showing several maculae. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 16-18. ORTHOPORA OVATIPORA (Hall) 288
16, 17. A fragment, natural size, and an enlargement of the same. 18. Surface of a fragment, X 18.
New Scotland formation, New York.
41
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE L
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA
PLATE LI
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. FISTULIPORA MACULOSA (Hall) 262
1. A complete zoarium, natural size, showing the characteristic
maculae.
2. Surface of a zoarium magnified.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 3-5. SEMICOSCINIUM CORONIS (Hall) 285
3. A fragment, natural size.
4. An enlargement of the non-celluliferous face.
5. Celluliferous face enlarged, showing the characteristic, expanded
carina. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 6-8. FENESTELLA PHJLIA Hall 281
6, 7. A fragment showing the non-celluliferous face, X 1, and an enlargement of the same.
8. Enlargement of the celluliferous side.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 9-11. POLYPORA COMPACTA ( Hall) 284
9. A fragment, natural size.
10, 11. Enlargements of the non-celluliferous and celluliferous faces of this species. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 12-14. STICTOPORA ? PAPILLOSA Hall 289
12. Fragments, natural size.
13-14. Surface of specimen, X 6 and X 18.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 15-17. ORTHOPORA REGULARIS (Hall) 287
15. A specimen showing a rectangular mode of branching, X 1. 16, 17. Surfaces of two specimens, X 6, showing variations in the thickness of the zocecial walls.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 18. ORTHOPORA RHOMBIFERA (Hall) 286
Enlargement of a specimen showing arrangement and form of the zofficial apertures. New Scotland formation, New York.
42
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LI
11
10
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA
PLATE LI I
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. CYPHOTRYPA CORRUGATA (Weller) 269
1. Vertical section, showing the characteristic crenulated walls and
the distribution of diaphragms. X 20.
2. Tangential section illustrating the range in size of the macular and
intermacular zorecia. X 20.
Decker Ferry formation, New Jersey.
Figs. 3, 4. DIPLOSTEXOPORA SILURIANA (Weller) 277
3. A vertical section illustrating the bifoliate method of growth and
the characteristic perforated diaphragms. X 20.
4. Several zocecial tubes of the same section. X 35.
Decker Ferry formation, New Jersey.
Figs. 5-8. MONOTRYPA SPH.ERICA (Hall) 278
5. Side view of a zoarium, natural size.
6. A vertical fracture, natural size.
7. An enlargement of the celluliferous surface.
8. Vertical section illustrating the distribution of the diaphragms.
X 4. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 9-11. FENESTELLA ? IDALIA Hall 281
9. A funnel-shaped frond, natural size.
10. An enlargement of the non-celluliferous face of the same.
11. An enlargement of another specimen with stouter branches.
New Scotland formation, New York.
13
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE Lll
Mm lit <iiif«;
nil
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA
PLATE LI 1 1
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. ORBICULOIDEA BCEDERI Schuchert n. sp 290
1. Exterior of dorsal valve.
2. Exterior mold of ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 3-5. OBBICULOIDEA AMPLA (Hall) 291
3. Cast from a mold of the dorsal valve.
4. Side elevation of same.
5. Partially exfoliated ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, New York.
Figs. 6, 7. ORBICULOIDEA SCHUCHEBTI Swartz n. sp 292
6. Exterior of dorsal valve.
7. Exterior of ventral valve.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Dawson, W. Va.
Figs. 8, 9. PHOLIDOPS MULTILAMELLOSA Schuchert n. sp 293
8. Exterior of ventral ? valve partially exfoliated, showing interior
muscular scars. X 2.
9. Exterior of dorsal valve. X 2.
Oriskany formation, Shriver member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 10-12. PHOLIDOPS OVATA Hall 294
10. Exterior of dorsal valve. X 3. New Scotland of New York.
11. Interior of dorsal valve. X 5.
12. Exterior of dorsal valve. X 5.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, % mile southwest of Rawlings.
Fig. 13. PHOLIDOPS TUMIDA Schuchert n. sp 294
Exterior of dorsal valve. X 3. Oriskany formation, Shriver member, Winchester road.
Figs. 14-19. LIXGULAPHOLIS TERMINALIS (Hall) 296
14. Exterior of ventral valve.
15. Exterior of dorsal valve.
16. Exterior of dorsal ? valve of another specimen. X 2.
17. Profile outline of same, showing both valves in position.
18. Interior of ventral valve. X 2.
19. Interior of ventral valve. X 3.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (Figs. 14, 15, 19, after Hall.)
Figs. 20-23. ORTHOSTROPHIA STROPHOMENOIDES (Hall) 297
20. 21. Internal casts of ventral and dorsal valves. 22, 23. Dorsal and cardinal views.
New Scotland formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE Llll
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LIV
PAGE
Figs. 1-6. DALMANELLA PLANICONVEXA (Hall) 298
I, 2. Dorsal and ventral shells. X 11A. Helderberg formation, New
Scotland member, 21st Bridge.
3. Ventral valve. Helderberg formation, Becraft member, Cherry Run,
W. Va.
4. The interior of dorsal valve of a smaller individual.
5. Interior of ventral valve.
6. Cardinal view of a larger individual. New Scotland formation, New
York.
Figs. 7-10. DALMANELLA CLARK i Maynard n. sp 300
7. Interior of ventral valve. X 21/&.
8. Dorsal valve. X 2.
9. Ventral valve. X 2.
10. Interior of dorsal valve. X 2.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 11-13. DALMANELLA CONCINNA (Hall) 301
II. Ventral valve.
12. Surface ornamentation. X 7.
13. Dorsal valve.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 14-23. DALMANELLA PERELEGANS (Hall) 299
14, 15. Ventral and dorsal valves. Helderberg formation, New Scot- land member, Corriganville. 16-19. Ventral, dorsal, side, and cardinal views.
20. Interior of ventral valve.
21. Internal cast of ventral valve.
22. Internal cast of dorsal valve.
23. Interior of dorsal valve.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 24-26. DALMANELLA EMINENS (Hall) 299
24. Dorsal view.
25. Profile outline of same.
26. Interior of ventral valve.
Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Corriganville.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LIV
12
13
14
15
'-''•^^^^^
10
11
21
22
25
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACK IOPODA
PLATE LV
PAGE
Figs. 1-8. RHIPIDOMELLA EMARGINATA (Hall) 302
1-4. Illustrations of the form and character of this variety. 5, 6. Interior of ventral and dorsal valves. 7, 8. Cast of the ventral and dorsal valve.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 9-16. RHIPIDOMELLA OBLATA (Hall) 303
9, 10. Ventral and dorsal valves.
11. Profile of same.
12. A small dorsal valve.
13, 14. Interior of ventral and dorsal valves.
15. Internal cast of the ventral valve, showing the muscular and
vascular impressions.
16. Cast of the dorsal valve, with impressions of the cardinal and
brachial processes.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 17-19. RHIPIDOMELLA ASSIMILIS (Hall) 304
17. Ventral valve.
18. Dorsal view of a large shell.
19. Interior of ventral valve.
Helderberg formation, Becraft member, North Mountain, W. Va.
Fig. 20. RHIPIDOMELLA MVSCULOSA (Hall) 305
Cast of interior of dorsal valve. Oriskany formation, New York.
Figs. 21, 22. RHIPIDOMELLA MUSCULOSA VAR. ARCTISIXUATA Schuchert n.
var 306
21. Dorsal view.
22. Ventral view of same.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Fig. 23. RHIPIDOMELLA MARYLANDICA Schuchert n. sp 306
Interior cast of ventral valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Williams road, near Cumberland.
46
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LV
21 22
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
23
PLATE LVI
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. RHIPIDOMELLA MUSCULOSA (Hall) 305
1. Exterior of dorsal shell.
2. Lateral view of the conjoined valves.
3. Interior of dorsal valve.
4. Interior of ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 5-8. SCHIZOPHORIA MULTISTRIATA (Hall) 307
5. 6. Dorsal and side views of shells.
7, 8. Internal cast of ventral and dorsal valves. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 9-12. SCHIZOPHORIA ORISKANIA Schuchert n. sp 307
9, 10. Dorsal and side views. The discontinuous striae in the drawing
are due to the pseudomorphous nature of the specimen. 11, 12. Internal casts of ventral and dorsal valves.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 13-17. LEPT^NA RHOMBOIDALIS (Wilckens) 308
13, 15. Ventral and dorsal views. 14. Ventral valve.
16. Interior of dorsal valve, showing some variety of character.
17. Internal cast of ventral valve.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 18. LEPT.ENA RHOMPXHDAOS VAR. VEXTRICOSA (Hall) 309
Interior view of dorsal valve. Oriskany formation, New York.
47
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LVI
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LVII
PAGE
Fig. 1. LEPT^EXA RHOMBOIDALIS VAR. VEXTRICOSA (Hall) 309
Interior of ventral valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 2-6. LEPT^NISCA CONCAVA (Hall) 310
2. Ventral exterior.
3. Dorsal aspect.
4. Enlargement of the surface, showing the finer longitudinal striae.
New Scotland formation, New York.
5. Exterior of ventral valve. X 2.
Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Devil's Back- bone.
Fig. 6. STROPHEODONTA COEYMANENSIS Swartz n. sp 313
Ventral valve showing exterior save in center where muscular scars of interior are seen. Helderberg formation, Coeymans member, Devil's Backbone.
Figs. 7-10. STROPHEODOXTA ARATA (Hall) 311
7. Side view.
8. Ventral valve more or less exfoliated.
9. The surface showing ridges and striae.
New Scotland formation, New York.
10. Small ventral valve. Helderberg formation, Coeymans member, Devil's Backbone.
Fig. 11. STROPHEODOXTA DEMISSA (Conrad) 313
Internal cast of ventral valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Pendleton County, W. Va.
Figs. 12, 13. STROPHEODOXTA (LEPTOSTROPHIA) BECKII (Hall) 314
12. Ventral exterior.
13. Ventral interior.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 14-16. STROPHEODOXTA (LEPTOSTROPHIA) PLAXULATA (Hall) 315
14. An individual showing faint concentric undulations.
15. Ventral valve partially exfoliated.
Coeymans formation, New York.
16. Ventral valve differing from usual form.
Helderberg formation, Becraft member, Licking Creek, Penna.
Figs. 17, 18. STROPHEODOXTA (LEPTOSTROPHIA) BIPARTITA (Hall) 316
17. Exterior of ventral valve. Pinto.
18. Interior of ventral valve. Devil's Backbone.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LVII
18
12
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LVIII
PAGE
Fig. 1. STROPHEODONTA (LEPTOSTROPHIA) ARCTIMUSCULA Schuchert n. sp. . 317 Interior of ventral valve. Oriskany formation, Shriver member, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 2-5. STROPHEODONTA (LEPTOSTROPHIA) MAGNIFICA (Hall) 318
2. Exterior of ventral valve.
3. View of dorsal valve.
4. Ventral interior.
5. Interior of dorsal valve.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (Figs. 3-5 after Hall.)
Figs. 6-8. STROPHEODONTA (LEPTOSTROPHIA) MAGNIVENTRA (Hall) 319
6. Internal cast of ventral valve. Oriskany formation, New York.
7. Interior of dorsal valve.
8. Exterior of ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (Fig. 6 after Hall.)
49
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LVIII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE L1X
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. STROPHEODOXTA VAKISTRIATA Conrad 312
1. Ventral valve. Striae are nearly equal or alternating in size.
2. Individual with alternating striae.
Manlius formation, New York.
Figs. 3-5. STROPHOXELLA GENICULATA (Hall) 321
Ventral, dorsal, and side views of a small individual. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 6, 7. STROPHOXELLA LEAVEXWORTHANA (Hall) 322
Dorsal and side views. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 8-10. STROPHOXELLA PUNCTULIFERA (Hall) 323
8. Dorsal valve.
9. Side view of the dorsal valve.
10. Interior of a more gibbous dorsal valve. New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 11. STROPHOXELLA KEYSERENSIS Swartz n. sp 324
Interior of dorsal valve. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Tonoloway.
Fig. 12. STROPHONELLA HEADLEYANA (Hall) 325
Exterior of a ventral valve, showing the peculiar interrupted striation. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 13, 14. STROPHOXELLA UNDAPLICATA Swartz n. sp 326
13. Dorsal valve.
14. Small ventral valve.
Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Dawson, W. Va.
50
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LIX
13
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LX
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. SCHUCHERTELLA FROLiFicA Schuchert n. sp . . 4 327
1. Ventral valve.
2. Interior of dorsal valve.
3. Two small overlapping ventral interiors.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 4-9. SCHUCHERTELLA WOOLWORTHANA (Hall) 328
4. Dorsal view.
5. Ventral valve.
6. Interior of a large ventral valve.
New Scotland formation, New York.
7. Dorsal valve. Helderberg formation. New Scotland member,
Cedar Cliff, W. Va.
8. 9. Internal cast of ventral and dorsal valves. New Scotland forma-
tion, New York.
Figs. 10-12. SCHUCHERTELLA BECRAFTEXSIS (Clarke) 329
10, 11. Two dorsal valves. 12. Interior of ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, New York.
Figs. 13-16. SCHUCHERTELLA DECKERENSIS (Weller) 329
13, 14. Ventral valves.
15. Cardinal view.
16. Dorsal valve.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LX
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LXI
PAGE FigS. 1, 2. SCHUCHERTELLA DEFORMIS (Hall) 331
1. View of the dorsal valve and area of the ventral valve.
2. Ventral valve of the same specimen, showing the contracted and
distorted beak.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 3, 4. SCHUCHERTELLA sixuATA (Hall and Clarke) 331
Dorsal and cardinal views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland. (After Hall and Clarke.)
Figs. 5-9. SCHVCHERTEIXA MARYLAxniCA Maynard n. sp 332
5, 6, 7. Ventral, dorsal, and cardinal views of type specimen. 8, 9. Partially exfoliated dorsal valves, Keyser, W. Va.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 10-13. HIPPARIOXYX PROXIMITS Vanuxem 333
10, 11. Dorsal and ventral valves.
12, 13. Interior ventral and dorsal valves.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Fig. 14. CHOXETES ROWEI Schuchert n. sp 336
Ventral valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Miller's Spring, near Cumberland.
Fig. 15. CHOXETES HTJDSOXICUS Clarke 337
Ventral valve. The umbo is cracked. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Winchester road.
Fig. 16. CHOXETES SUBACUTIRADIATUS Schuchert n. sp 335
Ventral valve. Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Miller's Spring, near Cumberland.
Figs. 17-19. CHOXETES JERSEYEXSIS Weller 338
17. Ventral valve of a young individual, Tonoloway. 18, 19. Ventral and dorsal valves, Flintstone.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
Fig. 20. CHOXETES JERSEYEXSIS VAR. SPIXOSUS Maynard n. var 339
Ventral valve. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Hancock.
Fig. 21. AXOPLIA HELDERBERGI^ Schuchert n. sp 340
Ventral valve. X 3. The median furrow is due to a fracture. The shell is uniformly convex. Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 22-24. AXOPLIA XUCLEATA (Hall) 340
22. Exterior of dorsal valve. X 3.
23. Interior of dorsal valve. X 2.
24. Cardinal view of the internal cast of the ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, New York.
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MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. CHONOSTROPHIA COMPLANATA (Hall) 341
1. Exterior of ventral valve.
2. Internal cast of ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, New York.
Fig. 3. CHONOSTROPHIA HELDERBERGI/E Hall and Clarke 342
Ventral valve. Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Dawson.
Figs. 4-7. GYPIDULA (SIEBERELLA) COEYMANENSIS Schuchert n. name 342
4. Interior of ventral valve.
5-7. Dorsal, anterior, and side views.
8. Dorsal view of large individual.
Coeymans formation, New York.
Figs. 9-11. GYPIDULA (SIEBEREJXA) COEYMANENSIS VAR. PROGNOSTICS
Schuchert n. var 344
9, 10. Ventral and side views of unusually large individual. 11. Ventral view of individual of usual size.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 12-18. GYPIDULA (SIEBERELLA) COEYMANENSIS VAR. CORRIGANENSIS
Maynard n. var 345
12-15. Anterior, side, dorsal, and ventral views of a large individual.
Cumberland.
16-18. Dorsal, ventral, and side views of type. Devil's Backbone. 19. Dorsal view. Keyser, W. Va.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
Figs. 20-22. GYPIDULA SUBGLOBOSA Maynard n. sp 346
Ventral, side, and dorsal views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Pinto.
Figs. 23, 24. RHYNCHOTRETA CUMBERLANDIA Rowe n. sp 347
Dorsal and side view of a large specimen. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 25-29. STENOCHISMA FORMOSA Hall 349
25, 26. Dorsal and ventral views of a large individual.
Becraft formation, New York. 27-28. Side and ventral view of smaller individual. 29. Dorsal view of young specimen.
New Scotland formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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19
20
21
22
^^m^ 26 27 28
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
13
29
PLATE LXIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. STEXOCHISMA DECKEREXSIS (Weller) 349
1-3. Ventral, side, and dorsal views.
4. Dorsal view of a smaller specimen.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 5, 6. CAMAKOTCECHIA ? ALTIPLICATA (Hall) 351
5. View of ventral valve.
6. Side view of same.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 7, 8. CAMAROTCECHIA ORISKANIA Rowe n. sp 351
Dorsal and side views of shell. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 9, 10. CAMAROTCECHIA ? LAMELLATA (Hall) 352
Dorsal and ventral views of shells. Cobleskill formation, New York.
Figs. 11-14. CAMAROTCECHIA LITCHFIELDEXSIS Schuchert 353
Anterior, side, ventral, and dorsal views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cookerly.
Figs. 15, 16. CAMAROTCECHIA GIGANTEA Maynard n. sp 354
Dorsal and ventral views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Figs. 17-19. CAMAROTCECHIA (PLETHORHYNCHA) CAMPBELLANA (Hall) .... 354 Ventral, anterior, and side views. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 20, 21. CAMAROTCECHIA (PLETHORHYNCHA) PR.ESPECIOSA Schuchert
n. sp 355
20. View of a dorsal valve.
21. Side view of shell.
Helderberg formation, Becraft member, near Covington, Va.
Figs. 22-27. CAMAROTCECHIA (PLETHORHYNCHA) SPECIOSA (Hall) 356
22. 23. Dorsal and side views of a medium sized specimen. 24, 25. Dorsal and side views of a large example.
26, 27. Interior of ventral and dorsal valves.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
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25
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LXIV
PAGE
Fig. 1. CAMABOTCECHIA (PLETHORHYXCHA) SPECIOSA VAR. RAMSAYI (Hall). 358 Dorsal view of the type specimen. Oriskany formation, Ridgely mem- ber, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 2, 3. CAMAROTCECHIA ( PLETHORHYXCHA ) BARRANDII (Hall) 359
2. Internal cast of ventral valve.
3. Anterior view of a very gibbous specimen.
Oriskany formation, New York.
Figs. 4, 5. CAMAROTCECHIA (PLETHORHYNCHA) BARRAXDII VAR. FITCHANA
(Hall) 359
Dorsal and side views of internal cast. Oriskany formation, New York.
Fig. 6. CAMAROTCECHIA (PLETHORHYXCHA) PLEIOPLEURA (Conrad) 360
Dorsal valve. The drawing is much restored on the left. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 7-10. UXCIXULUS VELLICATUS (Hall) 362
7-9. Dorsal, cardinal, and anterior views.
10. Plications of fold and sinus enlarged to show their linear median furrows and zigzag lines of growth. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 11, 12. UNCINULUS ABRUPTUS (Hall) 363
Dorsal and ventral views. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 13-15. UNCIXULUS GLOBULUS Schuchert 364
13, 14. Dorsal and side views.
15. Anterior view of a larger specimen.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 16, 17. UXCIXULUS NUCLEOLATUS (Hall) 365
Ventral and side views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 18-20. UXCIXULUS NUCLEOLATUS VAR. AXGULATUS Maynard n. var. ... 366 Side, ventral, and dorsal views of type specimen. Helderberg forma- tion, Keyser member, Cumberland.
55
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MOLLUSCOIDEA ERACHIOPODA
||
PLATE LXV
PAGE
Figs. 1-6. UXCIXULUS GORDOXI Maynard n. sp ........................... 367
1, 2. Dorsal and ventral views.
3, 4. Anterior and ventral views of a smaller specimen.
5, 6. Anterior and side views of a gibbous form. .
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 7, 8. UXCIXULUS KEYSEREXSIS Schuchert n. sp .................... 368
Dorsal and side views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 9-14. UXCIXULUS CONVEXORUS Maynard n. sp ...................... 368
9. Dorsal view of individual with coarse plications. 10-13. Side, dorsal, ventral, and anterior views. 14. View of large ventral valve with fine plications.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 15-17. WILSOXIA GLOBOSA Weller ................................. 369
Side, dorsal, and ventral views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 18-20. WILSOXIA CF. GLOBOSA Weller .............................. 370
Side, ventral, and dorsal views. Helderberg formation, Keyser mem- ber, Tonoloway.
Figs. 21, 22. EATOXIA SIXGULARIS (Vanuxem) ......................... 371
Dorsal and ventral views. Helderberg formation, New Scotland mem- her, Corriganville.
Figs. 23-28. EATOXIA PECULIARIS (Conrad) ............................. 372
23, 24. Dorsal and ventral views.
25, 26. Interior of dorsal and ventral valves. (After Hall.) Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. 27, 28. Ventral and dorsal views of internal cast. New Scotland forma- tion, New York.
Figs. 29, 30. EATOXIA WHITFIELDI Hall ................................ 373
29. Ventral valve. X 2.
30. A water-worn dorsal valve. X 2.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 31-35. EATOXIA MEDIALIS (Vanuxem) ............................ 374
31. Dorsal view of a large specimen.
32. 33. Ventral and side views.
34, 35. Dorsal and ventral views of internal cast of a small individual. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 36-38. EATOXIA SINUATA Hall .................................... 375
36, 37. Dorsal and ventral views. 38. Interior of ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
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LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXV
37
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACK IOPODA
PLATE LXVI
PAGE
Fig. 1. EATONIA SINUATA Hall 375
Internal cast of ventral valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 2, 3. EATONIA HARTLEYI Schuchert n. sp 376
Dorsal and side views. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Martin Mountain, Allegany County.
Fig. 4. RHYNCHONELLA ( ?) BIALVEATA Hall 377
Dorsal view. X 2. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 5, 6. RENSSEL^RIA MUTABILIS (Hall) 378
Dorsal and ventral views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 7-9. RENSSEL^ERIA MUTABILIS VAR 378
Ventral, dorsal, and side views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Tonoloway.
Figs. 10-12. RENSSEL^RIA SUBGLOBOSA Weller 379
10. Ventral valve.
11, 12. Ventral and side views of an average individual.
Helderberg formation, Becraft member, Cherry Run, W. Va.
Fig. 13. RENSSEL.ERIA SUBGLOBOSA VAR. AVUS Schuchert n. var 380
Ventral valve, slightly distorted. Helderberg formation, Becraft member, Cherry Run, W. Va.
Fig. 14. RENSSEL^ERIA SUBGLOBOSA VAR, CRASSA Schuchert n. var 381
Ventral valve showing the coarser striae. Helderberg formation, Becraft member, Licking Creek, Pa.
Figs. 15-17. RENSSEL^RIA CIRCULARIS Schuchert n. sp 381
Ventral, dorsal, and side views. Oriskany formation, Ridgely mem- ber, Cumberland.
Figs. 18-24. RENSSEL^ERIA MARYLANDICA Hall 382
18, 19. Dorsal and side views of a small specimen. 20, 21. Dorsal and side views of an average specimen.
22. Interior of ventral valve.
23. Interior of dorsal valve to show the large crural plates and the
pointed brachidium which supports the fleshy arms.
24. Median section of shell to show the various plates, thickening of
the posterior region of the valves, and the position of the jugum. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Fig. 25. RENSSEL.^RIA MARYLAXDICA VAR. SYMMETRICA Schuchert n. var. . 384 Dorsal view. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 26-28. RENSSEL^RIA KEYSERENSIS Swartz n. sp 384
Ventral, dorsal, and side views of type. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, % mile southwest of Rawlings.
57
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24
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LXVII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. REXSSEL.ERIA (BEACHIA) PROAVITA Schuchert n. sp 385
1. Ventral valve. X 1%.
2, 3. Dorsal and side views of another specimen. X 1%.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Pinto.
Figs. 4-6. RENSSEIJERIA (BEACHIA) CUMBEBLAXDM: (Hall) 386
Dorsal, ventral, and side views. Oriskany formation, Ridgely mem- ber, Cumberland.
Figs. 7-15. RENSSEL/ERIA (BEACHIA) SUESSANA (Hall) 387
7, 8. Dorsal and side views of a small specimen.
9, 10. Same of an average specimen.
11. Dorsal view of an elongate specimen.
12, 13. Dorsal and side views of a large specimen.
14. Interior of dorsal valve.
15. Longitudinal section of valves showing crura and appendages.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Fig. 16. RENSSEL.ERIA (BEACHIA) SUESSAXA VAR. IMMATURA Schuchert n.
var 388
Dorsal valve. X 1%. Oriskany formation, Shriver member, Cash Valley, Cumberland.
Figs. 17-19. RENSSEL^RIA (BEACHIA) OVALIS (Hall) 389
17, 18. Ventral and side views. 19. Internal cast of ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, New York.
Figs. 20-24. ORISKANIA LUCERNA Schuchert n. sp 390
20-22. Dorsal, ventral, and side views.
23, 24. Interior of ventral and dorsal valves. X 2.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Fig. 25. TROPIDOLEPTUS CARINATTJS (Conrad) 390
Ventral valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 26-28. ATRYPA RETICULARIS (Linne) 392
26, 27. Dorsal and side views. 28. Interior of ventral valve.
New Scotland formation, New York.
53
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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24
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LXVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. ATRYPA ? BICOXVEXA Maynard n. sp 393
1, 2. Ventral and dorsal views. Keyser, W. Va.
3. Dorsal view of another example. Cash Valley, Cumberland.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member.
Figs. 4-6. ATKYPINA IMBRICATA (Hall) 394
4, 5. Ventral and dorsal views. 6. Dorsal view. X 3.
New Scotland formation. New York.
• '4 f fc^a^ovnE ^*^
Figs. 7, 8. SPIRIFER' MAdROPLEURUs (Conrad) 396
Dorsal and ventral valves. Helderberg formation, New Scotland mem- ber, Corriganville.
Figs. 9-16. SPIRIFER CUMBERLANDI.E Hall 398
9-11. Dorsal, ventral, and side views of a small specimen. 12-14. Same views of an average specimen. 15, 16. Interior of ventral and dorsal valves.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 17-22. SPIRIFER MODESTUS Hall 399
17, 18. Dorsal and front view.
19-21. Dorsal, ventral, and side views of a larger individual.
22. Interior of ventral valve.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 23, 24. SPIRIFER MODESTU s VAR. PLICATUS Maynard n. var 400
Dorsal and ventral views of type. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 25-29. SPIRIFER OCTOCOSTATUS Hall 401
25-28. Ventral, dorsal, side, and cardinal views. 29. Interior of ventral valve.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 30, 31. SPIRIFER PAUCICOSTATUS Schuchert n. sp 402
Internal casts of dorsal and ventral valves. X 3. Oriskany forma- tion, Shriver member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 32, 33. SPIRIFER VAXVXEMI Hall 403
Ventral and dorsal views. Manlius formation, New York.
Figs. 34, 35. SPIRIFER VAXUXEMI VAR. PROGXOSTICA Schuchert n. var 403
Ventral and dorsal views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, % mile southwest of Rawlings.
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LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXVIII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LXIX
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. SPIBIFEB VANUXEMI VAB. PROGXOSTICUS Schuchert n. var 403
1. Dorsal view of a large specimen. X 2.
2, 3. Anterior and side views of a smaller individual. X 2.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Pinto.
Figs. 4-6. SPIRIFEK PERLAMELLOSUS Hall 397
Dorsal, ventral and side views. Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Cumberland.
Fig. 7. SPIRIFEK ERIENSIS Grabau 404
Ventral valve. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 8-10. SPIRIFER CYCLOPTERUS Hall 406
8, 9. Dorsal and side views of average specimen. 10. Ventral valve of a smaller specimen.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 11-14. SPIRIFER TRIBULIS Hall 407
11-13. Dorsal, ventral, and side views.
14. A portion of the surface lamellae much magnified to show the finely spinose margins.
Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 15, 16. SPIRIFER ANGULARIS Schuchert n. sp 409
Dorsal and ventral views of a large specimen. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 17-21. SPIRIFER INTERMEDIUS Hall 409
17, 18. Ventral and dorsal views of Cumberland specimen.
19. Ventral valve with a wider sinus. Cumberland.
20, 21. Dorsal and ventral views of an average specimen from Warren
Point, Penna. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXIX
21
MOLLUSCOIDEA — ERACHIOPODA
PLATE LXX
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. SPIRIFER MURCHISONI Castelnau 411
1. Dorsal view of an average specimen. Cumberland.
2. Internal cast of ventral valve retaining portion of shell, same
locality.
3-5. Dorsal, ventral, and side views of the form with angular plica- tions. Warren Point, Penna. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member.
Figs. 6, 7. SPIRIFKR MURCHISONI YAR. MARYLANDICUS Schuchert n. var. . . . 413 Dorsal and side views. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cum- berland.
Figs. 8-10. SPIRIFER HARTLEYI Schuchert n. sp . . . ; 413
Dorsal, ventral, and side views of the type. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 11-13. SPIRIFER PERDEWI Schuchert 414
11, 12. Dorsal and ventral views of a small specimen.
13. Dorsal view of a large specimen.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 14-16. SPIRIFER TRIBUARIUS Schuchert n. sp 414
14. Dorsal view.
15, 16. Dorsal and ventral views of another individual.
Oriskany formation. Shriver member, Cumberland.
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MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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PLATE LXXI w
PAGK
Figs. 1-9. SPIRIFER AREXOSUS (Conrad) 415
1, 2. Dorsal and ventral views of a young individual.
3-6. Dorsal, side, cardinal and anterior views of an average specimen.
7. The spiralia silicified.
8, 9. Exterior and interior of a large ventral valve.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 10-16. CYRTINA ROSTRATA (Hall) 423
10, 11. Cardinal and side views of a large specimen.
12. Interior of ventral valve.
13. Dorsal valve.
14. Anterior view of an alate specimen.
15, 16. Dorsal and cardinal views of a small specimen. Oriskany formation, New York.
Fig. 17. SPIRIFER PROAVITUS Schuchert n. sp 418
Dorsal view of type. Helderberg formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXI
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LXXII
PAGE
Fig. 1. SPIRIFER ARENOSUS (Conrad) 415
Internal cast of ventral valve. Oriskany formation, New York.
Figs. 2, 3. SPIRIFER CONCINNUS Hall 417
Dorsal and ventral views. Becraft formation, New York.
Fig. 4. SPIRIFER COXCINNOIDEUS Schuchert n. sp 419
Internal cast of dorsal valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Pendleton County, W. Va.
Figs. 5-7. SPIRIFER GORDONI Schuchert n. sp 420
Dorsal, ventral, and side views of the type. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 8-10. RETICULARIA BICOSTATA (Vanuxem) 420
8, 9. Ventral and dorsal views.
10. Dorsal view of a specimen showing stronger plications. Niagara formation, New York.
Figs. 11, 12. METAPLASIA PYXIDATA (Hall) 422
Dorsal and ventral views. X 2. Oriskany formation, Ridgely mem- ber, Cumberland.
Figs. 13-15. RHYNCHOSPIRA RECTIROSTRIS (Hall) 424
Dorsal, ventral, and side views of the type. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 16-25. RHYXCHOSPIRA GLOBOSA (Hall) 425
16-18. Ventral, dorsal, and side views of an exfoliated specimen.
Tonoloway.
19. Side view of unusually large and gibbous specimen. Tonoloway. 20-22. Dorsal, ventral, and side views. Cumberland.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member. 23. Side view of gibbous specimen. 24-25. Dorsal and ventral views.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 26-30. RHYNCHOSPIRA FORMOSA Hall 426
26. Side view of doubtfully determined specimen having striae coarser than usual, beak erect. Helderberg formation, Keyser member. Cash Valley.
27-29. Dorsal, ventral and side views. 30. Dorsal view of individual with finer plications. New Scotland formation, New York.
68
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXII
•j.
8
t P
13
m
14 15
20
19
21
22
v, 23
26
,
27
28
11
12
16
17
18
24
25
29
30
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LXXIII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. TREMATOSPIRA SIMPLEX Hall ? 427
Dorsal and ventral views. X 2. Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Devil's Backbone.
Figs. 3, 4. TREMATOSPIRA MULTISTRIATA (Hall) 428
Dorsal and ventral views. Helderberg formation, New Scotland mem- ber, Corriganville.
Figs. 5-7. TREMATOSPIRA DEWEYI (Hall) 429
Dorsal, ventral and side views. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 8, 9. TREMATOSPIRA EQUISTRIATA Hall and Clarke 430
Dorsal and ventral views. Helderberg formation, New Scotland mem- ber, Corriganville.
Figs. 10-12. NUCLEOSPIRA VENTRICOSA (Hall) 430
Dorsal, ventral, and side views. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 13, 14. NUCLEOSPIRA ELEGANS Hall 431
Dorsal and ventral views. The sinus in the dorsal valve is drawn too angularly. X 1%. Helderberg formation, New Scotland mem- ber, Corriganville.
Figs. 15-17. NUCLEOSPIRA SWARTZI Maynard n. sp 432
Ventral, dorsal and side views. Helderberg formation, Keyser mem- ber, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 18, 19. ANOPLOTHECA CONCAVA (Hall) 434
—*/*£• Dorsal and ventral views. X 3. Helderberg formation, New Scotland
I member, Corriganville.
Figs. 20, 21. ANOPLOTHECA CONCAVA VAR. TONOLOWAYENSIS Swartz n. var.. 434 Dorsal and ventral views. X 2. Helderberg formation, Keyser mem- ber, Tonoloway.
Figs. 22, 23. ANOPLOTHECA EQUISTRIATA Schuchert n. sp 435
Dorsal and ventral views. X 2. Oriskany formation, Ridgely mem- ber, Cumberland.
Figs. 24-26. ANOPLOTHECA DICHTOMA (Hall) 435
24, 25. Dorsal and ventral views.
26. Anterior view to show concave dorsal valve.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 27, 28. ANOPLOTHECA (LEPTOCCELIA) FIMBRIATA (Hall) 436
Dorsal and ventral views. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cum- berland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 29-33. ANOPLOTHECA (LEPTOCCELIA) FLABELLITES (Conrad) 438
29-31. Dorsal, ventral, and side views. 32, 33. Interior ventral and dorsal valves.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 34-36. WHITFIELDELLA ( ?) PROSSERI Grabau 439
Ventral, dorsal, and side views. Helderberg formation, Cherry Run, W. Va.
Figs. 37-40. WHITFIELDELLA ( ?) NUCLEOLATA Hall 441
37. Dorsal view of small specimen. 38-40. Ventral, dorsal, and side views.
Cobleskill formation, New York.
Figs. 41, 42. WHITFIELDELLA (?) MINUTA Maynard n. sp 442
Dorsal and ventral views. X 5. Helderberg formation, Keyser mem- ber, Round Top.
Figs. 43-46. MERISTELLA PR.ENUNTIA Schuchert n. sp 443
43. Dorsal view of specimen with strong median fold. 44-46. Ventral valves showing differences in development of sinuses. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXIII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LXXIV
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. MERISTELLA PR^ENUNTIA Schuchert n. sp 443
I. Dorsal view.
2-4. Dorsal, side, and ventral views of a large and gibbous specimen. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Figs. 5-8. MERISTELLA ARCUATA (Hall ) 444
5, 6. Dorsal and side views.
7. Anterior view to show depth of ventral sinus.
8. Small ventral valve.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 9-11. MERISTELLA LATA (Hall) 445
9, 10. Ventral view of different specimens.
II. Dorsal view of another specimen.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Warren Point, Penna.
Figs. 12, 13. MERISTELLA LENTIFORMIS Clarke 446
Dorsal and side views of type. Oriskany formation, New York.
Figs. 14, 15. MERISTELLA ROSTELLATA Schuchert n. sp 447
Dorsal and ventral views of type. Oriskany formation, Ridgely mem- ber. Cumberland.
Figs. 16-19. MERISTELLA SYMMETRICA Schuchert n. sp 448
16, 17. Dorsal and side views of a small individual.
18. Ventral view of a large specimen.
19. Ventral view of an unusually large specimen.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 20-24. MERISTA TYPA (Hall) 449
20. Dorsal view.
21. 22. Interiors of ventral valves.
23. A longitudinal section of fig. 22.
24. Internal cast of ventral valve.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.* (After Hall.)
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXIV
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LXXV
PAGE
Fig. 1. GRAMMYSIA sp 450
Anterior part of left valve. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Fig. 2. LEPTODESMA (?) sp 451
Internal cast of right valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Rock Enon Spring, W. Va.
Figs. 3, 4. MYTILARCA MARYLANDICA Ohern n. sp 452
3. Internal cast of left valve.
4. Anterior view of internal cast.
Helderberg formation, Cumberland.
Figs. 5, 6. MYTILARCA CORUIFORMIS (Hall) 452
5. Profile view from the anterior side of the shell.
6. View of the right valve, having the posterior cardinal extension
abraded. New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 7. MYTILARCA ( PLETHOMYTILUS ) ROWEI Ohern n. sp 453
Left valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Hancock.
Figs. 8-10. AMPHICCELIA TJLRICHI Maynard n. sp 453
8. Anterior view of internal cast.
9. Internal cast of right valve. 10. Left valve.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va
66
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LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXV
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE LXXVI
PAGE
Fig. 1. PALEOPINNA LATA Ohern n. sp 454
Left valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Hancock.
Figs. 2-4. ACTINOPTERIA COMMUNIS (Hall) 455
2. Left valve of a large specimen. Helderberg formation, New Scot- land member, Cumberland.
3, 4. Left and right valves. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Fig. 5. ACTINOPTERIA TEXTILIS (Hall) 456
Left valve. Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, Cumber- land.
Fig. 6. ACTIXOPTERIA RETICULATA Weller 459
Left valve. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Fig. 7. AVICULA RECTICOSTA Hall 460
Right valve. Oriskany formation, New York.
07
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXVI
MOLLUSCA PELECYPODA
PLATE LXXVII
PAGE FigS. 1, 2. ACTINOPTEKIA TEXTILIS VAR. ARENARIA Hall 457
1. External cast of left valve. X %.
2. Left valve weathered and exfoliated. X %.
Oriskany formation, New York.
68
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXVII
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE LXXVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. ACTIXOPTERIA VIRGINICA Ohern n. sp 458
1. Imperfect left valve, questionably referred to this species. Hancock.
2. Left valve of type. Four miles southwest of Keyser, W. Va.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member.
Fig. 3. AVICULOPECTEX ? CUMBERLAXDEXSIS Ohern n. sp 460
Left valve of type. Helderberg formation.
Fig. 4. AVICULOPECTEN TEXT-ILAMELLATI'S Hall 461
Right valve partly exfoliated. New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 5. MEGAMBOXIA LAMELLOSA Hall 462
Left valve. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 6, 7. CYPRICARDIXIA CF. LAMELLOSA Hall 463
6. Left valve.
7. The same enlarged to nearly three diameters.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 8. CYPRICARDIXIA SUBLAMELLOSA Hall 463
Right valve. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 9, 10. ILIOXIA SIXUATA Hall 464
9. The right valve of the specimen. 10. Cardinal view of the same.
Manlius formation, New York.
Figs. 11, 12. PTERIXEA HALLI Clarke 450
11. Left valve.
12. Left valve partially exfoliated.
New Scotland formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXVIII
11
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE LXXIX
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. BELLEROPHOX CF. AURICULATUS Hall 465
Dorsal and ventral views. Helderberg formation, Cumberland.
Figs. 3, 4. BELLEROPHON HELDERBERGI.E Swartz n. sp 466
Side and dorsal views of the type. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Figs. 5, 6. CYRTOLITES EXPANSUS Hall 466
Anterior and side views. Oriskany formation, New York.
Fig. 7. LOXONEMA FITCHI Hall 467
Cast somewhat flattened. New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 8. LOXONEMA sp 468
Internal cast. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
Fig. 9. HoLOPEA sp 468
Ventral view. Helderberg formation, Cumberland.
Figs. 10-12. ORTHONYCHIA TORTUOSA (Hall) 469
Views of shell in different positions. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 13, 14. PLATYCERAS NODOSUM Conrad 469
13. Large, partially exfoliated specimen.
14. Internal cast of smaller specimen.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, east side Nicholas Mountain.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXIX
MOLLUSC A — GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXX
PAGE
Fig. 1. PLEUROTOMARIA LABROSA Hall 465
Dorsal view of partially exfoliated specimen, preserving spiral band. Also an enlargement of the surface markings. Becraft forma- tion, New York.
Figs. 2-9. PLATYCERAS GEBHARDI Conrad 470
2. Lower and upper views of a large specimen.
3, 4. Upper and ventral views of small specimen.
5. Upper view of very large specimen from Warren Point, Penna.
6, 7. Ventral and upper views of specimen with free and expanded
peristome.
8, 9. Upper and lower views of specimen with free but not expanded peristome.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (All but fig. 5 after Hall.)
71
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXX
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXXI
PAGE
Figs. 1-9. PLATYCERAS GEBHAKDI VAR. VEXTRICOSUM Conrad 471
1, 2. Upper and ventral views.
3, 4. Ventral and upper views of a small individual.
5, 6. Upper and ventral views of a specimen of medium size.
7, 8. Upper and ventral views of a large specimen with contiguous
volutions. 9. Upper view showing a broad sinuosity in the margin.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
73
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LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXXI
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXXII
PAGE
Figs. 1-6. PLATYCERAS MAGNIFICUM Hall 472
1. Ventral view of a young shell.
2, 3. Dorsal and ventral views of a larger specimen with free volutions.
4. Ventral view of a specimen with the volutions free and the peris-
tome less expanded.
5. Upper view.
6. Upper view of the spire of a large specimen in which all the parts
are symmetrical and well preserved, and the volutions are free except at the extreme apex.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 7, 8. PLATYCERAS STJBFALCATUM Ohern n. sp 472
Side and dorsal views. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Han- cock.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXXII
MOLLUSCA GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXXIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. PLATYCERAS SUBFALCUM Ohern n. sp 472
1. Upper view of a large specimen.
2, 3. Views of type.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Hancock.
Fig. 4. PLATYCERAS PATULUM Hall 473
Ventral view. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 5, 6. PLATYCERAS REFLEXUM Hall 473
5. Ventral view of a small specimen.
6. Upper view of a larger specimen.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
74
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXXIH
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXXIV
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. PLATYCEBAS REFLEXUM Hall 473
Two views of a specimen in which the aperture is obtusely quad- rangular. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 3, 4. PLATYCERAS ? CALLOSUM Hall 474
Dorsal and ventral views. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 5, 6. PLATYCERAS SIXUATUM Hall ? 474
5. Upper view of a small specimen, showing the deep marginal
sinuosity and the strong wrinkled surface.
6. Upper view of a larger specimen.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 7, 8. PLATYCERAS TRILOBATUM Hall 475
Ventral and upper views. [The striae represented between the aper- ture and the next volution do not exist in the specimen.] New Scotland formation, New York.
75
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXXIV
3 4
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXXV
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. PLATYCERAS TENUILIRATUM Hall 476
Upper and dorsal views of a large individual. New Scotland forma- tion, New York.
Fig. 3. PLATYCERAS ANGULARE Rowe n. sp 476
Dorsal view of type. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Warren Point, Penna.
Figs. 4-6. PLATYCERAS MULTISINUATUM Hall 477
4, 5. Upper and dorsal views of a small specimen. 6. Upper view of a partially exfoliated specimen. New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 7. PLATYCERAS PLATYSTOMUM Hall 477
View of the right side of a specimen, the apex of which is broken off. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 8, 9. PLATYCERAS SPIRALE Hall 478
Views of internal cast. Helderberg formation, New Scotland mem- ber, Corriganville.
Figs. 10-13. PLATYCERAS GRACILE Ohern n. sp 478
10. 12. Two views of individual without plications.
11. 13. Views of strongly plicate specimen.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
70
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXXV
11 12
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXXVI
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. PLATYCERAS SUBCONICUM Ohern n. sp 479
1, 2. Views of type.
3. Individual with low folds.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Fig. 4. PLATYCERAS NEWBERRYI Hall 479
Side view. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Warren Point, Penna.
Figs. 5-7. STROPHOSTYLUS TRAXSVERSUS Hall 480
Upper, ventral, and oblique views. Oriskany formation, Ridgely mem- ber, Cumberland. ( After Hall. )
Figs. 8, 9. STROPHOSTYLUS MATHERI Hall 481
Dorsal and ventral views. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cum- berland. (After Hall.)
Fig. 10. STROPHOSTYLUS ANDREWSI Hall 481
Ventral view. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
FigS. 11, 12. DlAPHOROSTOMA DEPRESSUM (Hall) 482
Lower and dorsal views. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 13, 14. DIAPHOROSTOMA DESMATUM Clarke 483
Upper and ventral views. Oriskany formation, New York.
77
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXXVI
13
t K^^k.
14
6
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXXVII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. DIAPHOROSTOMA vENTRicosvM (Conrad) 482
Dorsal and ventral views of a large individual. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 3, 4. PLATYSTOMA NIAGARENSE Hall 483
Ventral and dorsal views. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
Fig. 5. TENTACULITES ? ACUS Clarke 484
Partially exfoliated specimen. Oriskany formation, New York.
Figs. 6, 7. TENTACULITES ACULUS Hall 485
6. Specimen from the Helderberg formation. New York.
7. Same. X 5.
Figs. 8-10. TENTACULITES ELONGATUS Hall 485
8. An individual of medium size.
9. An exfoliated individual.
10. A portion of the same enlarged, showing the appearance of the annu- lations. X 4. New Scotland formation, New York.
Fig. 11. TENTACULITES GYRACANTHUS (Eaton) 486
A shell. X 5. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Keyser, W. Va.
78
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXXVII
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXXVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. OKTHOCERAS LONGICAMERATUM Hall 487
1. Longitudinal section showing curvature of septa.
2. Internal cast, doubtfully referred to this species.
Helderberg formation, Cumberland.
3. A longitudinal section of a specimen, the septa being proportionally
a little more distant. Coeymans formation, New York.
Fig. 4. OKTHOCERAS SCHUCHERTI Maynard n. sp 487
Internal cast. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Fig. 5. ORTHOCERAS RIGIDUM Hall ? 488
Fragment preserving surface ornamentation. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Devil's Backbone.
Fig. 6. CYRTOCERAS ? DUBIUM Swartz n. sp 488
Internal cast of type. Helderberg formation, Coeymans member, Devil's Backbone.
79
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXXVIII
MOLLUSCA — CEPHALOPODA
PLATE LXXXIX
PAGE}
Fig. 1. PROETUS PACHYDERMATUS Barrett 489
Portion of cephalon preserving glabella. X 2. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 2-4. PROETUS CF. PROTUBERANS Hall 490
2. Cephalon.
3. The pygidium of another individual.
4. Profile of the same.
Coeymans formation, New York.
Figs. 5, 6. CORDANIA CYCLURUS Hall and Clarke 491
5. Fragment of cephalon showing lateral furrows of the glabella a
little too strongly. X 3.
6. Pygidium showing ornamentation. X 3.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 7, 8. CYATHASPIS AUSTRALIS Ohern n. sp 492
Two views of the type. X 3. Helderberg formation, Cumberland.
Fig. 9. CALYMENE CAMERATA Conrad 494
Pygidium, exfoliated. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Pinto.
Figs. 10-12. HOMALONOTUS SWARTZI Ohern n. sp 495
10, 11. Detached pleura?. 12. Glabella.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Millers Spring near Cumberland.
Figs. 13-15. HOMALONOTUS VANUXEMI Hall 496
13, 14. Views of pygidium. 15. Nearly complete cephalon.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Franklin, W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXXIX
ARTHROPODA— TRILOBITA
PLATE XC
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. HOMALONOTUS sWARTZi Ohern n. sp 495
Pygidium of type. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Berkeley Springs, W. Va.
Fig. 3. HOMALONOTUS VANUXEMI Hall 496
Complete cephalon. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Franklin, W. Va.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XC
ARTHROPODA — TRILOBITA
PLATE XCI
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. PHACOPS LOGANI Hall 497
1. An entire specimen which has the head compressed from above, and
the eyes slightly distorted.
2. The head of a larger individual which shows the transverse furrows*
and preserves the eyes in their proper form.
3. View of the lower side of the head of another specimen, showing
some crenulations along the marginal furrow.
4. The eye enlarged.
New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 5-7. PHACOPS ? sp 498
5. Cephalon exfoliated. 6,7. Pygidia.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Figs. 8, 9. DALMANITES KEYSERENSIS Swartz n. sp 499
8. Cephalon of the type.
9. Part of a pygidium probably belonging to the same species.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Tonoloway.
Figs. 10-11. DALMANITES MICRURUS (Green) 507
10. A small pygidium.
11. A larger pygidium from which the test has been removed, leaving
the cast punctate. New Scotland formation, New York.
Figs. 12-15. DALMANITES MULTIANNULATUS Ohern n. sp 500
12. Fragments of cheeks.
13. Glabella.
14. Eye and part of cheek.
15. Genal angle.
Oriskany formation, Knobly Mountain, near Cumberland.
Fig. 16. DALMANITES ASPINOSUS Weller 499
Exfoliated pygidium. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cash Valley.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XCI
13
ARTHROPODA — TRILOBITA
PLATE XCII
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. DALMAMTKS MULTIANXULATUS Ohern n. sp 500
1. Exfoliated pygidium showing ornamentation imperfectly.
2. Exfoliated pygidium which does not show the tubercular surface.
3. Hypostoma showing the bifurcating frontal process.
4. Genal angle.
Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Knobly Mountain near Cumberland.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XCII
ARTHROPODA TRILOBITA
11
PLATE XCIII
PAGE
Fig. 1. DALMAXITES MULTIANNULATUS Ohern n. sp 500
Fragment of an exfoliated pygidium. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Knobly Mountain, near Cumberland.
Fig. 2. DALMANITES LATUS Ohern n. sp , 502
Imperfect pygidium of type. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumberland.
Fig. 3. DALMANITES (SYNPHORIA) STEMMATUS Clarke 503
Exfoliated cephalon. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Cumber- land.
Fig. 4. DALMANITES (CORYCEPHALUS) DENTATUS Barrett ? 505
Pygidium. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, Evick Gap opposite Franklin, W. Va.
Fig. 5. DALMANITES (CHASMOPS) ANCHIOPS (Green) 508
Pygidium. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member.
Figs. 6-10. DALMANITES (HAUSMANNIA) PLEUROPTYX (Green) 510
6. Imperfect pygidium. Helderberg formation, New Scotland member,
Devil's Backbone.
7. Young specimen enlarged showing the characteristic features of
species.
8. Profile of the head, showing the form and elevation of the eye.
9. Exfoliated glabella, genal angles restored. 10. A large exfoliated pygidium.
New Scotland formation, New York.
84
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XCIII
10
ARTHROPODA — TRILOBITA
PLATE XCIV
PAGE
Fig. 1. DALMAXITES BEKKELEYENSIS Swartz n. sp 512
Pygidium of type specimen. Oriskany formation, Ridgely member, 3 miles north of Berkeley Springs, W. Va.
85
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XCIV
ARTHROPODA — TRILOBITA
PLATE XCV
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. APARCHITES GORDON: Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 515
1. Lateral view of left valve. X 20.
2, 3. Longitudinal and vertical sections of same. X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Fig. 4. PRIMITIA POSTTURGIDA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 515
The unique right valve on which this species is founded, showing the flattened anterior spine and the posterior marginal swelling. X 20. Oriskany formation, 21st Bridge.
Fig. 5, PRIMITIA ? CUMBERLANDICA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 516
A left valve showing the subcentral pit, strongly reticulated surface and elevated rim. X 20. Helderberg formation, Keyser mem- ber, Cumberland.
Figs. 6-8. PRIMITIA ? CONCENTRICA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 517
Lateral, dorsal, and anterior views of a right valve. X 20. Oriskany formation, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 9, 10. PRIMITIELLA VARIOLATA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 518
Lateral and dorsal edge views of a right valve. X 20. Oriskany forma- tion, 21st Bridge.
Fig. 11. ULRICHIA A:QUALIS Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 518
Right valve showing the usual form and obscure surface reticulation. X 20. Oriskany formation, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 12-15. STREPULA IRREGULARIS Jones and Holl 519
12. An incomplete large left valve. X 20.
13, 14. Two right valves of the average size showing differences in the
surface ornament and outline. X 20. 15. Ventral edge view of original of fig. 13. X 20.
Fig. 16. HALLIELLA ? SEMINULUM VAR. LONGA Ulrich and Bassler n. var. . . 520 A right valve slightly injured along the margin. X 20. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 17, 18. HALLIELLA ? TRIPLICATA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 521
17. Right valve. X 20.
18. End view of same. X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 19-21. JECHMINA CUSPIDATA Jones and Holl 521
19. Left valve showing the extraordinary development of the spine.
X 20.
20. 21. Lateral and anterior end views of a right valve. The variation
shown in outline of body of valve is probably due to accident. X 20. Helderberg formation, New Scotland member, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 22-24. MESOMPHALUS HARTLEYI Ulrich and Bassler n. gen. and sp. . . 523
22. Lateral view of right valve showing the ventral swelling. X 20.
23. An average right valve without the ventral pouch. X 20.
24. Left valve of a rather small complete carapace. X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XCV
10
15
18
ARTHROPODA — OSTRACODA
PLATE XCVI
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. MESOMPHALUS HARTLEYI Ulrich and Bassler n. gen. and sp 523
1, 2. Ventral and posterior end views of a female individual. X 20. 3. Highly magnified view of the surface of original of fig. 24, pi. xcv.
Figs. 4, 5. MESOMPHALUS SUBMARGINATA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 523
Lateral and ventral edge views of the type specimen. X 20. Helder- berg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 6-9. CTENOBOLBINA ? DENTICULATA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 524
6. Lateral view of one of the type specimens, a left valve with a portion
of the flange broken away and the surface simply granulose. X 20.
7. Dorsal edge view of the same specimen. X 20.
8. A right valve showing pits between the granules of the surface.
X 20.
9. Ventral edge view of same. X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 10-12. CTENOBOLBINA ? DUBIA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 525
10. Left side of complete carapace. X 20.
11, 12. Ventral and posterior edge view of same. X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 13-15. BOLLIA AMERICANA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 525
Lateral, ventral and posterior views of a left valve. X 20. Oriskany formation, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 16, 17. BOLLIA CURTA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 526
Side and ventral views of a left valve of this well-marked species. X 20. Oriskany formation 21st Bridge.
Fig. 18. BOLLIA IRREGULARIS Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 527
Lateral view of right valve. X 20. Helderberg formation, New Scot- land member, 21st Bridge.
Fig. 19. BOLLIA JUGALIS Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 527
A left valve showing the ventral coalescence of the median and mar- ginal ridges. X 20. Oriskany formation, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 20-22. BOLLIA UNGULA Jones 528
Lateral, ventral and posterior views of a left valve. X 20. Oriskany formation, 21st Bridge.
87
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XCVI
14
17
18
21
22
ARTHROPODA — OSTRACODA
PLATE XCVII1
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. KLCEDENIA CENTRICORNIS Ulrich and Bassler 529
1. Lateral view of left valve (female individual) broken anteriorly.
X 20.
2. Left valve of a complete carapace. X 20.
3. 4. Posterior and ventral views of same specimen. X 20.
Figs. 5-7. KLCEDENIA FIMBRIATA Ulrich and Bassler 529
5. Lateral view of a perfect left valve. X 20.
6, 7. Ventral and end views of same specimen. X 20.
Coeymans formation, Herkimer County, New York.
Figs. 8, 9. LEPEKDITIA ALTOIOES Weller 513
8. Left valve. X 2^.
9. Right valve. X 2%.
Decker Ferry formation, Flatbrookville, New Jersey.
Fig. 10. LEPERDITIA GIGANTEA Weller 514
A left valve, natural size. Rondout formation, Nearpass Quarry, New Jersey.
Fig. 11. LEPERDITIA ELONGATA Weller 514
A right valve. X 2. Rondout formation, Nearpass Quarry, New Jersey.
Figs. 12, 13. KLCEDENIA NEARPASSI (Weller) 530
Left and right valves. X 6. Decker Ferry formation, Nearpass Quarry, New Jersey.
Figs. 14, 15. KLCKDENIA SUSSEXENSIS (Weller) 532
Two left valves showing slight variations. X 4 and X 6. Decker Ferry formation, Nearpass Quarry, New Jersey.
Fig. 16. KLCEDENIA KUMMELI (Weller) 531
A left valve. X 3. Rondout formation, Nearpass Quarry, New Jersey.
Fig. 17. KLCEDENIA BARRETTI (Weller) 532
A right valve. X 5. Decker Ferry formation, Nearpass Quarry, New Jersey.
Figs. 18-20. KLCEDENELLA PENNSYLVANIA (Jones) 533
Left side, end and ventral views of a complete carapace. X 15. Helder- berg formation, Pennsylvania.
Fig. 21. KLCEDENELLA CLARKEI (Jones) 533
Right valve. X 20. Helderberg formation, Herkimer County, New York.
'Figs. 8-17 (after Weller), Figs. 18-21 (after Jones).
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XCVII
12
13
16
14
15
17
20
11
ARTHROPODA — OSTRACODA
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. KIXEDENELLA cLARKEi VAB. PAUPERA Ulrich and Bassler 534
1. Left side of complete carapace showing the emaciated appearance
and the granules in some of the furrows.
2, 3. Ventral and anterior end views of same.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 4-6. KLCEDENELLA TUKGIDA Ulrich and Bassler 535
4. Right valve of an unusually short specimen. X 20.
5, 6. Left and right valves of an average specimen. X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Fig. 7. KLCEDENELLA TUKGIDA VAR. VENTROSA Ulrich and Bassler 535
Left valve of a complete carapace. X 20. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Fig. 8. THLIPSURA MTILTIPUNCTATA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 536
Lateral view of right valve. X 20. Oriskany formation, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 9-11. OCTONARIA ? ANGULATA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 537
Two right and a left valve showing slight variations in outline and markings. X 20. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cum- berland.
Figs. 12-18. OCTONARIA IN.EQUALIS Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 538
12-14. Left side and posterior and ventral views of a complete carapace. X 20.
15. Right side of another specimen more elongate than usual, showing
the relatively small size and different pitting of the right valve as compared with the left valve. X 20.
16. Left valve of a somewhat shorter form in which the two lower pits
are confluent. X 20. 17, 18. Longitudinal and ventral sections of same. X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Fig. 19. OCTONARIA SIMPLEX (Krause) 538
Left valve. X 20. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumber- land.
Fig. 20. CRATERELLINA OBLONGA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 540
Right valve showing the crater-like anterior pit and the somewhat irregular shape pertaining to this species. X 20. Oriskany formation, 21st Bridge.
Fig. 21. CRATERELLINA ROBUSTA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 539
A characteristic right valve of this large and well marked species. X 20. Oriskany formation, 21st Bridge.
Fig. 22. BYTHOCYPRIS PUNCTULATA VAR. ARCTATUM Ulrich and Bassler n.
var 540
Lateral view of left valve. X 20. Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 23-25. PONTOCYPRIS ARCUATA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 541
23. Right side of a complete carapace. X 20.
24, 25. Dorsal outline and posterior end view of same specimen. X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 26-28. PONTOCYPRIS MAWII VAR. BREVIATA Jones 541
26. Left valve. X 20.
27. Outline from the dorsal side. X 20.
28. Anterior outline view, showing dorsal overlap of the right valve
and ventral overlap of the left.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
Figs. 29-31. PACHYDOMELLA LONGULA Ulrich and Bassler n. sp 542
29. Right valve. X 20.
30. 31. Ventral and posterior end views of same. X 20.
Helderberg formation, Keyser member, Cumberland.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
LOWER DEVONIAN, PLATE XCVIII
14
i
19
27
10
15
20
24
11
16
25
12
17
13
18
29 30
ARTHROPODA OSTRACODA
DEVONIAN
MIDDLE
NOTE
Plates I to VI, illustrating the Geological and Paleontological Relations of the Middle and Upper Devonian, are bound with the text volume. The follow- ing plates (Plates VII to XLIV) illustrate the Systematic Paleontology of the Middle Devonian of Maryland.
12
PLATE VII
PAGE
Fig. 1. STEREOLASMA RECTUM (Hall) 119
Upright view of corallum. X l1/^. Romney formation, Hamilton mem- ber, Ernstville.
Fig. 2. CF. AMPLEXUS HAMILTONI^, Hall 120
Upright view of corallum. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Fig. 3. HELIOPHYLLUM sp 121
Upright view of part of corallum, epitheca partly exfoliated showing the septa. X l1^. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Ernstville.
Figs. 4, 5. CYSTIPHYLLUM AMERICANTJM Milne-Edwards and Haime (?).. 121
4. Upright view of corallum.
5. Transverse section of the same.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Fig. 6. POLYGNATHUS sp. undet 122
Incomplete jaw. The tips of four or five teeth which were discernible on the specimen are not brought out in the illustration. Tonolo- way. (After Kindle.) Romney formation, Onondaga member.
Figs. 7-9. RHOPALONARIA TENUIS Ulrich and Bassler 123
7, 8. Two small portions of the zoarium which on account of the fre- quent crossing of the branches do not show the characteristic pinnate arrangement of the rows of cells. X 9. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
9. View of one of the type specimens of this species. (After Ulrich
and Bassler.) Thedford, Ont. X 9.
Figs. 10-12. MONTICULIPORA (?) MARYLANDENSIS Ulrich and Bassler n. sp. . 123
10. Vertical section, showing tabulation. X 20.
11. Tangential section. X 20.
12. Several zorecia of same, to show structure of walls and acantho-
pores. X 35.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE VII
M
\
12
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA, VERMES — CH^ETOPODA AND MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRYOZOA.
PLATE VIII
PAGE FigS. 1-4. LlNGULELLA (?) PALIFORMIS Hall 124
1. Interior of dorsal valve (?). Evitts Creek.
2. Ventral valve, showing faintly the pedicle-groove. Evitts Creek.
x iy2.
3. A partly exfoliated valve. Evitts Creek. X 1%.
4. Ventral valve, the specimen showing the pedicle-groove. Williams
Road, 3% miles southeast of Cumberland. X 2. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Pig. 5. LINGULA DELIA Hall (?) 125
Ventral valve (?) showing strong median septum. X 1%. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Fig. 6. LINGULA LIGEA Hall (?) 126
Interior of partly exfoliated valve. X 2y2. Romney formation, Hamilton member, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 7, 8. LINGULA CF. NUDA Hall 127
7. Partly exfoliated distorted valve. X 2y2. Romney formation, Onon-
daga member, Williams Road, 3% miles southeast of Cumber- land.
8. Partly exfoliated ventral valve (?). X 1%. Romney formation,
Hamilton member, Oldtown Road, east of Cumberland.
Figs. 9, 10. LINGULA NUDA Hall 127
Separate valves showing the usual variety of form in this species. Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 11. LINGULA CF. COMPTA Hall and Clarke 128
View of crushed and broken specimen. X 1*4. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Figs. 12, 13. LINGULA CLARKI n. sp 128
Partly exfoliated valves showing strong median convexity. X 3. Rom- ney formation, Hamilton member, 21st Bridge.
Figs. 14-17. ORBICULOIDEA LODIENSIS VAR. MEDIA (Hall) 129
14. Interior of dorsal valve. X 2.
15. Exterior ventral valve showing the pedicle-groove. X 2.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
16. Interior of a partly exfoliated ventral valve. The more exfoliated
portions are smooth, not striated, as indicated by figure. Bells Gap, Va.
17. Natural cast of the exterior of ventral valve, showing concentric
striae. East of Cumberland. Romney formation, Onondaga member. (After Kindle.)
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE VIII
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11
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MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE IX
PAGE
Figs. 1-7. CRANIELLA HAMILTOXM: Hall 131
1. Internal impression of dorsal valve. X 1%.
2. Upper or dorsal valve from which the shell is gone near the margin.
X 2.
3. Enlargement of part of preceding showing the finely punctate shell
structure. X 6. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
4. Interior of a lower valve attached to a Streptelasma.
5. Three individuals of different sizes, attached to the surface of
Tropidoleptus carinatus.
6. Dorsal valve.
7. Internal impression of dorsal valve. X 2.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 8. PHOLIDOPS HAMILTONI.E Hall 132
Interior of valve. X 8. Romney formation, Onondaga member, Wil- liams Road, 3% miles southeast of Cumberland.
Figs. 9, 10. PHOLIDOPS CF. AREOLATA (Hall) 133
9. Cast of the ventral valve.
10. Internal cast of the ventral valve. The slender impressed median line of the figure has about twice the proper length. It is con- spicuous only near the apex of the crescent-shaped depression. X5.
Romney formation, Onondaga member, Bells Valley, Virginia. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 11-17. STROPHEODONTA (LEPTOSTROPHIA) PERPLAXA (Conrad) 134
11. Partly exfoliated interior of dorsal valve. Iron Bridge over Town
Creek, northeast of Oldtown.
12. Apparently exfoliated interior of dorsal valve, same locality.
13. Internal impression of small ventral valve. X 1%. Williams Road,
% mile east of Queen City Hotel, Cumberland.
14. Further enlargement of preceding specimen, showing crenulated
hinge-line. X 3.
15. Internal impression showing median ridge. Iron Bridge over Town
Creek, northeast of Oldtown.
16. Internal impression of ventral valve showing muscular impres-
sions. McCoys Ferry. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
17. An enlargement of the striae. Hamilton formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE IX
v
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11
12
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10
16
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE X
PAGE
Fig. 1. STROPHEODONTA DEMISSA (Conrad) 136
Ventral valve. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Hancock-Har- risonville Road, about 2 miles north of Hancock.
Figs. 2-5. STROPHEODONTA (DOUVILLINA) IN^QUISTRIATA (Conrad) 138
2. Interior of ventral valve, showing fragment of shell near lateral
margin.
3. Enlargement of same, showing striae. X 6.
4. Squeeze of No. 2.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
5. Interior of ventral valve. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 6, 7. STROPHEODONTA CONCAVA Hall 139
6. Interior of dorsal valve, showing its strongly pustulose character
and part of crenulated hinge-line. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
7. Ventral valve which is carinate along the center. Hamilton forma-
tion, New York.
Figs. 8, 9. PHOLIDOSTROPHIA PENNSYLVANIA Kindle 141
8. Ventral valve of type. X 3. East of Cumberland.
9. Interior of ventral valve, showing short and very slender median
septum. Berkeley Springs, W. Va. Romney formation, Onondaga member. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 10, 11. LEPT.ENA RHOMBOIDALIS (Wilckens) 141
10. Fragment of ventral valve. Romney formation, Hamilton member,
Ernstville.
11. View of dorsal valve. Hamilton formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE X
10
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XI
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. LEPT/ENISCA AUSTRALIS Kindle 143
1-3. Ventral valves. Fig. 1X2. Berkeley Springs, W. Va.
4. Type specimen, ventral valve. X 2. Berkeley Springs, W. Va.
5. Interior of dorsal valve. New Bloomfield, Pa.
Romney formation, Onondaga member. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 6-10. SCHUCHEBTELLA vARiABiLis Prosser n. sp 144
6. Dorsal valve ( ?). Williams Road, % mile east of Queen City Hotel,
Cumberland.
7. Ventral valve. X I1/!. Same locality.
8. Portion of same enlarged to show character of striae. X 4.
9. Dorsal valve (?).
10. Portion of same enlarged to show regular variation in strength of radiating striae. X 4.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 11-1 7. CHONETES MUCBONATUS Hall 146
11. Ventral valve. X 2. McCoys Ferry.
12. Ventral valve, showing two spines near each cardinal angle. X 2.
Same locality.
13. Partly exfoliated interior of ventral valve, showing cardinal spine.
X 2. Same locality.
14. Interior of ventral valve showing muscular impressions and one
cardinal spine. X 2. Same locality. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
15. Dorsal valve, showing cardinal spines. Hamilton formation, New
York.
16. Small pedicle valve. X 3. Cumberland.
17. A pedicle valve of average size and appearance, showing the long
spines. X 2. Cumberland. Romney formation, Onondaga member. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 18-21. CHONETES COBOXATUS (Conrad) 148
18. Partly exfoliated ventral valve, showing shallow median sinus and
cardinal spines. Evitts Creek.
19. Interior of ventral valve, showing pustulose pittings toward margin
of shell. Hancock-Harrisouville Road, about 2 miles north of Hancock.
20. Dorsal valve. Hancock-Harrisonville Road, about 2 miles north of
Hancock.
21. Interior of ventral valve showing pustulose pittings. McCoys
Ferry. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 22-25. CHOXETES SETIGER (Hall) 152
22. Ventral valve, partly exfoliated. X 2. Iron Bridge over Town
Creek, northeast of Oldtown.
23. Dorsal valve. X 1%. West of Tonoloway Ridge.
24. Interior of ventral valve, showing pustulose pittings toward margin
of shell. X 1%. McCoys Ferry.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
25. Ventral valve showing cardinal spines. X 2. Hamilton formation,
New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN. PLATE XI
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23
24
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MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XII
PAGE
Figs. 1-8. CHONETES SCITULUS Hall 150
1. Interior of ventral valve. X l1/^. 21st Bridge.
2. Ventral valve. X 1%. Right bank of Potomac about 4 miles south
of Cumberland.
3. Ventral valve. X \Vz- Same locality.
4. Dorsal valve of same specimen, showing cardinal area and spines of
ventral valve. X 1%.
5. Partly exfoliated dorsal valve (?). X 1%. Iron Bridge over Town
Creek northeast of Oldtown.
6. Interior of ventral valve. X 21/i. B. & O. R. R. cut opposite Han-
cock.
7. Dorsal valve (?). X 1%. McCoys Ferry.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
8. Dorsal valve, showing cardinal area and deltidium. Hamilton
formation, New York.
Figs. 9-13. CHOXETES LEPIDUS Hall 153
9. Ventral valve partly exfoliated, showing two cardinal spines. X 3. Evitts Creek.
10. Valve showing three cardinal spines. X 4. Evitts Creek.
11. Interior of dorsal valve (?). X 3. Iron Bridge over Town Creek,
northeast of Oldtown.
12. Interior of ventral valve, showing cardinal teeth. X 3. West of
Tonoloway Ridge.
13. Ventral valve (?). X 3. B. & 0. R. R. cut opposite Hancock.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 14-21. CHONETES vicixus (Castelnau) 155
14. Ventral valve. Evitts Creek.
15. Portion of the same near the umbo, showing the intercalation of
radiating and fine concentric striae. X 8.
16. Partly exfoliated ventral valve showing one cardinal spine. X 1^4'
Iron Bridge over Town Creek, northeast of Oldtown.
17. Interior of ventral valve. X 11A. McCoys Ferry.
18. Interior of dorsal valve. X 2. Hancock-Harrisonville Road, 2
miles north of Hancock.
19-20. Exteriors of ventral valves. X 2. Same locality. 21. Interior of the dorsal valve. X 3. Same locality. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XII
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MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-6. CHONETES MABYLANDICUS Prosser n. sp 157
1. Partly exfoliated interior of dorsal valve. X 1V2. 21st Bridge.
2. Interior of ventral valve. X 1%. Same locality.
3. Exterior of dorsal valve. X 1%. Same locality.
4. Portion of the same enlarged, showing the bifurcating striae and the
radiating thread-like ones. X 5.
5. Partly exfoliated interior of dorsal valve. X 2. 21st Bridge.
6. Interior of ventral valve, showing rounded median ridge. X 1%.
Same locality. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 7-9. CHONETES BUGOSTJS Kindle 158
7. Exfoliated ventral valve, showing imperfectly the subtended proc-
esses of the mucronate spines. X 2.
8. Type, showing a ventral valve with the peculiar spines attached
latterly to the hinge line. X 2.
9. Natural mold of the exterior of a ventral valve. X 2.
Romney formation, Onondaga member, 3 miles east of Cum- berland. (After Kindle.)
FigS. 10-13. ANOPLEA NUCLEATA 159
10, 11. Casts of two ventral valves, showing two types of medium sep- tum, one terminating anteriorly in an indistinct Y-shaped proc- ess. X 3.
12. Cardinal view of natural cast of pedicle valve, showing filling of
oblique cardinal tubes. X 5.
13. Pedicle view.
Romney formation, Onondaga member, Mendota, Va. ( After Kindle.)
Figs. 14-16. STROPHALOSIA TKTJNCATA (Hall) 160
14. Exfoliated ventral valve, showing truncated umbo. X 3. Iron
Bridge over Town Creek, northeast of Oldtown.
15. Part of an exfoliated ventral valve. X 4. Same locality.
16. Exfoliated dorsal valve. X 2. Evitts Creek.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 17. PRODUCTEIXA CF. SPINULICOSTA Hall 162
Exfoliated ventral valve. X 2. Williams Road. */£ mile east of Queen City Hotel, Cumberland. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 18-20. PRODUCTELLA SPINULICOSTA Hall 162
18. Ventral valve of a small broad form.
19. Cardinal view of ventral valve.
20. Small individual imbedded in the rock and showing attached
spines. Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 21. PRODUCTELLA ( ?) SCHUCHERTI Prosser n. sp 163
Imperfect ventral valve. Ernstville.
Figs. 22-25. DALMANELLA LENTICULARIS (Vanuxem) 164
22. Dorsal view. X 2.
23. Interior of a dorsal valve.
24. 25. Two fragmentary casts of ventral valves.
Romney formation, Onondaga member, Berkeley Springs, W Va. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 26-29. RHIPIDOMELLA VANUXEMI Hall 165
26. Ventral valve. Evitts Creek.
27. Dorsal valve of same specimen.
28. Interior of dorsal valve. Williams Road, */£ mile east of Queen
City Hotel, Cumberland.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
29. An enlargement of the surface stria?. Hamilton formation, New
York.
M
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XIII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XIV
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. RHIPIDOMELLA LEUCOSIA Hall 166
1. Interior of dorsal valve. Williams Road, % mile east of Queen City
Hotel, Cumberland. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
2. Dorsal valve of specimen of ordinary size.
3. Ventral valve of the same.
Hamilton formation, New York.
4. Interior of dorsal valve showing cardinal process and dental sockets.
Little Run, near Hancock.
5. Interior of ventral valve showing muscle scars. Two miles north of
Hancock.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 6-9. RHIPIDOMELLA PENELOPE Hall 167
6. Broken specimen of ventral valve (?). Evitts Creek. Romney
formation, Hamilton member.
7. Interior of dorsal valve. Cumberland.
8. Enlargement of surface, showing the character of the striae, the
ordinary puncta and the elongate tubular openings.
9. Interior of ventral valve showing the muscular impressions and
cardinal teeth.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 10. RHIPIDOMELLA CYCLAS Hall (?) 169
10. External impression of ventral valve. X 1%. Williams Road near
church, S1/^ miles southeast of Cumberland.
Figs. 11, 12. DALMAXELLA LENTICULAKIS (Vanuxem) 164
11. Dorsal valve (?). X l1^. Ernstville.
12. External impression of dorsal valve. X l1/^. Hanging Rock,
W. Va.
Romney formation, Onondaga member.
Figs. 13, 14. SCHIZOPIIOEIA STBIATULA (Schlotheim) (?) 170
13. Partly exfoliated ventral valve. Ernstville.
14. A portion of the lateral margin enlarged, showing punctate
structure. X 5.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 15-17. CAMAROTCECHIA CONGREGATA (Conrad) 171
15. Interior of dorsal valve. X I1/!-
16. Interior of somewhat distorted small dorsal valve. X I1/*.
17. Partly exfoliated ventral valve. X 1%. Run at eastern end of
Hancock.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XIV
10
11
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13
16
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
13
PLATE XV
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. CAMABOTCECHIA PROLIFICA Hall 173
1. Exfoliated ventral valve. X 1%. Right bank of Potomac, about 4
miles south of Cumberland. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
2. Ventral valve of an unusually large specimen.
3. Interior of dorsal valve.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 4. CAMAROTCECHIA SAPPHO Hall 174
Interior of ventral valve. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 5. CAMAROTCECHIA sp 175
Interior of ventral valve. X l1^. Flintstone Creek in Gilpin. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 6-8. LIORHYNCHTJS LIMITARE (Vanuxem) 175
6, 7. Crushed and broken dorsal valves. X 1%. 21st Bridge. 8. Young specimen crushed. X 3. Same locality. Romney formation, Marcellus member.
Figs. 9-12. LIORHYXCHUS LAURA (Billings) 177
9. Somewhat distorted and crushed exfoliated dorsal valve. X 1%. Williams Road near church, Sy2 miles southeast of Cumberland.
10. Interior of dorsal valve. X l1^. Williams Road near church, 3^5
miles southeast of Cumberland.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
11. Dorsal valve of typical specimen.
12. Cardinal view.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 13-17. LIORHYNCHUS CF. MYSIA 178
13-15. Dorsal, ventral and side view of shell of usual size.
16. Dorsal view of larger specimen with duplicate plications.
17. Dorsal view of large individual.
Marcellus formation, New York.
Figs. 18-23. EUNELLA LINCKL^ENI Hall 179
18. Interior of ventral valve, distorted by pressure. Iron Bridge over
Town Creek northeast of Oldtown.
19. Interior of dorsal valve of same specimen.
20. Interior of dorsal valve. Road east of Pine Hill, about 4 miles
north of Oldtown.
21. Partly exfoliated ventral valve of same specimen.
22. Enlargement showing shell structure of same. X about 20.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
23. Brachial loop. Hamilton formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XV
13
17
10
14
18
15
19
12
16
20
21 ' 23 ' 22
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XVI
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. CENTROXEIXA CF. OVATA Hall 179
Dorsal, side and ventral view of shell. Onondaga formation, New York.
Figs. 4-6. ATRYPA RETICULARIS (Linn6) 183
4. Partly exfoliated ventral valve (?).
5. Dorsal valve.
6. Ventral valve.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Figs. 7-14. TROPIDOLEPTUS CARINATUS (Conrad) 181
7. 8. Ventral and dorsal valves of large specimen. 21st Bridge.
9, 10. Ventral and dorsal valves of medium specimen. Same locality.
11. Surface enlarged showing punct*. X 4. Evitts Creek.
12. Exterior of ventral valve.
13, 14. Interior of ventral and dorsal valves. X 2. Near Tonoloway Ridge, Washington County.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XVI
12
14
is.
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XVII
PAGE
Figs. 1-9. CYRTINA HAMILTOXEXSIS Hall 185
1. Interior of ventral valve distorted by crushing. McCoys Ferry.
2. Cardinal area of same, showing delthyrium.
3. Interior of dorsal valve. McCoys Ferry.
4. Dorsal valve. McCoys Ferry. X 1%.
5. Enlarged part of shell showing its structure. X 4. National Road
northeast of Cumberland.
6. Cardinal area of ventral valve. X 2. Near Hancock.
7. 8. Internal casts of ventral valve. Near Hancock.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
9. Dorsal valve and cardinal area of ventral valve, showing the
elongate foramen on the deltidial plate. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 10-18. SPIRIFEB MUCRONATUS (Conrad) 187
10. Ventral valve. Evitts Creek.
11. Dorsal valve of same.
12. Interior of ventral valve. Iron Bridge over Town Creek, northeast
of Oldtown.
13. Interior of dorsal valve. Same locality.
14. Interior of partly exfoliated dorsal valve. McCoys Ferry. 15-17. Exteriors of ventral valves. Near Hancock.
18. Interior of ventral valve. Near Hancock.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XVII
17 18
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACK IOPODA
PLATE XVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-6. SPIRIFER GRANULOSUS (Conrad) 190
1. Ventral valve. 21st Bridge.
2. Interior of ventral valve. Flintstone Creek in Gilpin.
3. Interior of dorsal valve of same specimen.
4. Enlarged portion of surface from sinus of ventral valve, showing
the small granules. X 2. Evitts Creek.
5. Same more highly magnified. X 8.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
6. An enlargement of the surface, showing its papillose character.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 7-9. SPIRIFER AUDACULUS (Conrad) 192
7. Ventral valve, partly exfoliated. Evitts Creek.
8. Interior of ventral valve. Warrior Mountain, east of Rush.
9. Interior of dorsal valve and cardinal area of ventral valve. West-
ern Maryland.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 10. SPIRIFER ACUMINATUS (Conrad) 193
Interior of broken dorsal valve. McCoys Ferry. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
101
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XVIII
i i i 5
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XIX
PAGE
Figs. 1-7. SPIRIFEB TULLIUS Hall 195
1. Interior of ventral valve. Hancock-Harrisonville Road, about 2
miles north of Hancock.
2. Interior of small ventral valve. X l1/^. Same locality.
3. Exterior of ventral valve. Near Hancock.
4. Interior of dorsal valve. Little Run, near Hancock.
5. Cardinal view of ventral valve. Near Hancock.
6. Enlargement of same, showing fine striae on sinus and plications.
X 4i/2. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
7. Dorsal valve of average specimen. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 8, 9. SPIRIFER ANGUSTUS Hall 196
8. Cardinal view of internal cast. Warrior Mountain, east of Rush.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
9. Dorsal valve of rather large individual. Hamilton formation, New
York.
Figs. 10-12. SPIRIFER (RETICULARIA) FIMBRIATUS (Conrad) 197
10. Partly exfoliated dorsal valve. Evitts Creek.
11. Cardinal view of internal cast. Hardy County, W. Va.
12. An enlargement of the surface, showing the bases of the spinules.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 13. SPIRIFER CF. COXSOBRIXUS (d'Orbigny) 198
Interior of ventral valve. Town Creek, 6 miles north of Oldtown. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 14-16. SPIRIFER SCULPTILIS VAR. MARYLANDENSIS Prosser n. var 200
14. Dorsal valve. Warrior Mountain, east of Rush.
15. Squeeze of same. X 1%.
16. Internal impression of same.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
102
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XIX
15
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XX
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. AMBOCCELIA UMBOXATA Conrad 200
1. Partly exfoliated ventral valve. X 2. Ernstville.
2. Partly exfoliated dorsal valve. X l1/^. Evitts Creek.
Romney formation, Hamilton member. Figs. 3-6. AMBOCCELIA VIRGINIAN A Prosser n. sp 202
3. Ventral valve. X 6. 3 miles south of Green Spring, W. Va. Mar-
cellus limestone.
4. Ventral valve. X 5. Right bank of Potomac, iyz miles below Cum-
berland.
5. Dorsal valve of same specimen. X 5.
6. Cardinal area and dorsal valve of same specimen, x 5.
Romney formation, Hamilton member. Figs. 7, 8. AMBOCCELIA PR.EUMBONA Hall (?) 204
7. Partly exfoliated ventral valve. X 1%.
8. Interior of ventral valve. X 1^4. Ernstville.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 9-11. AMBOCCELIA PR^EUMBONA Hall 204
9. Ventral valve.
10. Dorsal valve.
11. Profile view.
Hamilton formation, New York. Figs. 12-15. NUCLEOSPIRA CONCINNA Hall 206
12. Interior of ventral valve (?). X IVz-
13. Interior of ventral valve. X l]/&.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Ernstville.
14. Ventral valve.
15. A portion of surface enlarged, showing the character of the spin-
ules.
Hamilton formation, New York. Figs. 16-23. AXOPLOTHECA (CcELospiRA) AcuTiPLiCATA (Conrad) 207
16. Ventral valve. X 1%. Williams Road near church, 3% miles
southeast of Cumberland.
17. Squeeze of same, showing appearance of ventral valve. X I1/!.
18. Dorsal valve. X 1%. Williams Road near church, 3% miles
southeast of Cumberland.
19. Squeeze of same, showing appearance of dorsal valve. X I1/*.
20. Interior of partly exfoliated dorsal valve. X l1^- Williams Road,
S1/^ miles southeast of Cumberland.
21. Squeeze of same, showing appearance of dorsal valve. X I1/!.
22. Squeeze of internal impression of dorsal valve, showing hinge-
plate, deep dental sockets and median ridge. X 1%. Williams Road near church, 3% miles southeast of Cumberland.
23. Cast of a dorsal valve. X 2. East of Cumberland.
Romney formation, Onondaga member. (Fig. 23 after Kindle.)
Fig. 24. ANOPLOTHECA CAMILLA (Hall) 209
View of pedicle valve. Romney formation, Onondaga member, Blair
County, Penna. (After Kindle.) Figs. 25, 26. VITULINA PUSTULOSA Hall 210
25. Exfoliated ventral valve. X 1%. National Road, northeast of
Cumberland.
26. Enlargement from an impression of the surface, showing the ap-
pearance of the pustules. X 4. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
103
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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OP dl
^f& Jr
10
14
11
13
15
26
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XXI
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. ATHYBIS SPIRIFEROIDES (Eaton) 211
1. Ventral valve.
2. Interior of same, showing the muscular markings.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Figs. 3, 4. MERISTELLA (?) sp 213
3. Ventral valve. X 6.
4. Dorsal valve (?). X 6.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Iron Bridge over Town Creek, northeast of Oldtown (?).
Figs. 5-7. PHTHONIA SECTIFROXS (Conrad) 214
5. External impression anterior end of left valve. Romney formation,
Hamilton member, Williams Road near church, 3% miles south- east of Cumberland.
6. A large left valve narrowed by compression.
7. A large right valve, showing the form and surface characters.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 8-10. PROTHYRIS LANCEOLATA Hall 215
8. Right valve. X 1%. Romney formation, Hamilton member. Right
bank of Potomac, about 3 miles below Cumberland. 9, 10. Right and left valves. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 11-13. ORTHOXOTA UNDULATA Conrad 216
11. View of broken specimen, showing anterior portion of both valves.
B. & O. R. R. cut, opposite Hancock.
12. Right valve. McCoys Ferry.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
13. A specimen of medium size preserving both valves. Hamilton
formation, New York.
104
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXI
10
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA AND MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. ORTHONOTA (?) PARVULA Hall 217
1. Both valves. X 2.
2. Dorsal view of same. X 2.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Fig. 3. GRAMMYSIA BISULCATA (Conrad) 218
Ventral view of distorted and crushed specimen, showing part of both valves. Romney formation, Hamilton member, McCoys Ferry.
Figs. 4-10. GRAMMYSIA ARCUATA (Conrad) 219
4. Anterior end of right valve. McCoys Ferry.
5. Posterior end of left valve of same specimen.
6. 7. Cardinal and ventral views of a specimen vertically compressed.
Pine Hill, 5 miles north of Oldtown. 8. Right valve distorted by vertical pressure. Town Creek, about 6
miles north of Oldtown.
Romney formation, Hamilton member. 9, 10. Right and left valves. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 11, 12. TELLIXOPSIS SUBEMARGIXATA (Conrad) 222
11. Left valve. Evitts Creek.
12. Part of left valve showing fine radiating striae. Right bank of
Potomac, about 3 miles below Cumberland. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
105
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXII
12
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
14
PLATE XXIII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. GRAMMYSIA CIRCULAKIS Hall 220
Right and left valves partly exfoliated, showing muscular scars and pallial line. Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 3. GRAMMYSIA CIRCULARIS (?) Hall 220
Left valve. Romney formation, Hamilton member, 21st Bridge.
Fig. 4. BUCHIOLA HALLI Clarke 225
Left valve showing the conspicuous concentric ridges on the plications. X 2. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Fig. 5. PANENKA CF. DICHOTOMA Hall 224
View of a fragmentary right valve. Romney formation, Onondaga member, Oldtown.
Figs. 6-10. NUCULA CORBULIFORMIS Hall 226
6. Right valve. X 1%. Right bank of Potomac River, about 3 miles
below Cumberland.
7. Left valve of same.
8. Right valve. X 1%. Same locality.
9. Cardinal view of internal impression showing hinge crenulations.
X l1/^. Same locality.
10. Right valve showing varices of growth and concentric striae. Evitts Creek.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 11. PANENKA CF. MULTIRADIATA Hall 225
View of a large right valve showing strong radii. Hamilton formation, New York.
106
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXIII
11
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXIV
PAGE
Fig. 1. PAXEXKA ALTERNATA Hall 223
View of a large right valve showing strong radii. Oldtown. Romney formation, Onondaga member.
Figs. 2, 3. PAXEXKA OBSOLESCEXS Kindle n. sp 224
2. View of right valve of type. Oldtown.
3. Fragmentary right valve. Ridgeville, W. Va.
Romney formation, Onondaga member.
107
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXIV
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXV
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. NUCULA BELLISTRIATA (Conrad) 227
1. Right valve. X 1%.
2. Right valve, showing concentric striae and strong varices of growth.
xiy2.
3. Left valve. X 2.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
4. Interior of right valve, showing muscular scars. X 1%.
5. Cardinal view of same. X l1/^.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Western Maryland.
Figs. 6-8. NUCULA LIRATA (Conrad) 229
6. Left valve, distorted somewhat about the beak. Romney formation,
Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
7. Right valve.
8. Enlarged surface showing strong concentric undulations and fine
radiating striae.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 9, 10. NUCULA LIKATA (Conrad) (?) 229
9. Interior of left valve, showing muscular scars, pallial line and
hinge crenulations. X 1%.
10. Cardinal view of same specimen, showing muscular scars and hinge crenulations. X l1^.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Western Maryland.
Figs. 11-16. NUCULA VARICOSA Hall 230
11, 12. Right and left valves. X l1^.
13. Left valve, showing concentric striae and varices of growth. X l1^.
14. Enlargement from same, showing the character of the concentric
striae and varices of growth. X 4.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek. 15, 16. Right and left valves. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 17-20. NUCULITES OBLOSGATTJS Conrad 231
17. Left valve showing fine concentric striae. Evitts Creek.
18. Small left valve also showing fine concentric striae. X 2. Evitts
Creek.
19. Interior of right valve, showing crenulated hinge and impression
of clavicular ridge. National Road, northeast of Cumberland.
20. Interior of right valve elongated by pressure. Hill in West Vir-
ginia, 3 miles south of Cumberland. Romney formation. Hamilton member.
108
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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15
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXVI
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. NUCULITES TRIQUETEB Conrad 232
1. Small right valve. X l1^. Evitts Creek.
2. Partly exfoliated right valve. X l1^. Right bank of Potomac,
about 3 miles below Cumberland.
3. Left valve of same specimen, showing impression of clavicular
ridge. X 1%.
4. Internal impression of right valve, showing clavicular ridge. X l1^.
Hill in West Virginia, about 3 miles south of Cumberland.
5. Internal impression of right valve, distorted by pressure, showing
impression of clavicular ridge. X l^. McCoys Ferry. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 6. NUCULITES GRABAUI Prosser n. sp 234
Internal impression of right valve, showing impression of strong clavicular ridge. X 1%. McCoys Ferry. Romney formation, Hamilton member. Figs. 7, 8. NUCULITES MODULATUS Kindle 234
7. Type specimen.
8. Another individual.
Romney formation, Onondaga member, Ridgeville, W. Va. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 9-12. PALJEONEILO CONSTRICTA (Conrad) 235
9. Right valve, showing crenulations of hinge-line, fine concentric striae and constriction. X la/4- Evitts Creek.
10. Right valve somewhat elongated by pressure, showing crenulations
of hinge-line, fine striae and constriction. X 1%. Evitts Creek.
11. Small right valve. X l1^. Evitts Creek.
12. Small left valve. X 1%. Williams Road, % mile east of Queen I City Hotel, Cumberland.
Romney formation, Hamilton member. Figs. 13-15. PAL^ONEILO PLANA Hall 237
13. Left valve, showing hinge crenulations. X 1%. Evitts Creek.
14. Small right valve, showing hinge crenulations. X 2. Evitts
Creek.
15. Right valve. X 1%. Right bank of Potomac, about 3 miles
below Cumberland.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 16. PAL^ONEILO MAXIMA (Conrad) (?) 238
Left valve with strong sulcus. Romney formation, Hamilton mem- ber, Evitts Creek.
Fig. 17. PAL^ONEILO MAXIMA (Conrad) 238
Right valve with greater height than usual. Hamilton formation,
New York. Figs. 18-21. PAL^ONEILO FECUNDA Hall 239
18. Left valve showing concentric striae, X l1^, and above that, a
portion of the surface bordering the hinge-line enlarged 3 times. Williams Road, !/4 mile east of Queen City Hotel, Cumberland.
19, 20. Right valves.
21. An enlargement of the surface striae from fig. 20.
Romney formation, Hamilton member (figs. 19-21 after Hall). Figs. 22, 23. PAL.EONEILO PERPLANA VAR. GRABAUI Prosser n. var 240
22. Squeeze of external impression of right valve.
23. Surface of same. X 4.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
109
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXVI
10
11
15
12
13
16
14
17
20
22
21
23
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXVII
PAGE
Figs. 1-6. PAL^ONEILO EMARGINATA (Conrad) 241
1. Left valve, showing the strong concentric ridges. Evitts Creek.
2. Left valve of shorter form. Hancock-Harrisonville Road, about
2 miles north of Hancock.
3. Right valve of same specimen.
4. External impression of right valve. McCoys Ferry.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
5. 6. Right and left valves. Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 7. PAL^ONEILO TENUISTRIATA Hall (?) 242
Right valve of a broken and mostly exfoliated specimen. Romney formation, Hamilton member, McCoys Ferry.
Figs. 8, 9. PAL^EONEILO TENITISTRIATA Hall 242
Left and right valves. Romney formation, Hamilton member, near Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 10-13. PALVEOXEILO CLARKEI Prosser n. sp 244
10. Left valve.
11. Broken left valve, sinus at anterior end caused by crushing.
12. Right valve, shortened by the breaking away of the posterior end.
13. Interior of hinge line of No. 12 enlarged, showing the taxodont
dentition. X 2.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, right bank of Potomac River, about 3 miles below Cumberland.
Figs. 14, 15. PAL^ONEILO ROWEI Prosser n. sp 244
14. Internal impression of left valve, showing muscular markings and.
hinge crenulations.
15. Squeeze of same specimen.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, McCoys Ferry.
Fig. 16. PAL^ONEILO MARYLAXDICA Prosser n. sp 245
Right valve. Hancock-Harrisonville Road, about 2 miles north of Hancock. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
no
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXVII
'
13
15
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. TANCKEDIOPSIS CLARKEI Prosser n. sp 245
1. External impression of right valve. X 1}4.
2. Squeeze of same specimen, showing external appearance of right
valve. X 1&.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Western Maryland.
Figs. 3, 4. LEDA DIVEKSA Hall 247
3. Right valve. X 2. Romney formation, Hamilton member, McCoys
Ferry.
4. Left valve. X 2. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 5-7. LEDA ROSTELLATA (Conrad) 247
5. Right valve of young specimen. X 3. Romney formation, Hamil-
ton member, National Road west of Tonoloway Ridge.
6. 7. Right and left valves. X 2. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 8-12. PARALLELODON HAMILTONIJE (Hall) 248
8. External impression showing part of both valves.
9, 10. Right and left valves, margins partly broken away.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
11. Right valve showing surface markings. Hamilton formation, New
York.
12. Left valve of an unusually large individual from near Cumberland.
(After Hall.)
Fig. 13. LIOPTERIA CF. CONRADI Hall 252
Partly exfoliated left valve. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Iron bridge over Town Creek, northeast of Oldtown.
Fig. 14. LIOPTERIA CONRADI Hall 252
A large left valve. Hamilton formation, New York.
m
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXVIII
9
10
13
14
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXIX
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. PTERINEA FLABELLUM (Conrad) 250
1. Left valve, showing alternation in size of radiating ribs. Evitts
Creek.
2. Internal impression of left valve, showing muscular scar and
striated ligamental area. Iron Bridge over Town Creek, north- east of Oldtown.
3. Internal impression of left valve, broken toward the front; but
showing well the striated ligamental area. Flintstone Creek in Gilpin.
4. Right valve, partly exfoliated. Evitts Creek.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 5. PTERIXEA sp. undet 251
Left valve showing surface ornamentation. Romney formation, Onon- daga member, Little Moccasin Gap, Va. (After Kindle.)
Fig. 6. LIOPTERIA L^VIS Hall 253
Left valve. X 2. Romney formation, Onondaga member, three miles east of Cumberland. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 7-10. LEPTODESMA ROGERSI Hall 254
7, 8. External impression X 2 and squeeze of left valve. Romney
formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek. 9. Block showing two right valves. X 2. 10. Left valve.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 11-13. MYTILARCA (PLETHOMYTILUS) OVIFORJIIS (Conrad) 255
11. An imperfect right valve. 21st Bridge.
12. Another imperfect right valve. Evitts Creek.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
13. Left valve of a young shell of elongate form. Hamilton formation,
New York.
112
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXIX
MOLLUSCA PELECYPODA
PLATE XXX
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. CONOCARDIUM NORMALE Hall 257
Right side and cardinal view of large partial cast of exterior. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Cumberland. (After Hall.)
Figs. 3, 4. COXOCARDIUM CUMBERLANDI.E Swartz n. sp 257
Right side and ventral view of type. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Williams Road, 3% miles east of Cumberland.
Figs. 5-8. ACTINOPTER.IA DECUSSATA Hall 258
5. Partly exfoliated left valve.
6. Left valve.
7. External impression of a portion of a left valve, showing the char-
acter of the surface markings.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, road east of Pine Hill, about 4 miles north of Oldtown.
8. A large right valve. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 9, 10. ACTINOPTERIA BOYDI VAR. GiBBosA Prosser n. var 259
9. Right valve. 10. Left valve of same specimen.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Town Creek, 4 miles northeast of Oldtown.
Fig. 11. ACTINOPTERIA sp 260
Left valve, surface markings mostly obliterated over the umbonal region. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Iron Bridge over Town Creek, northeast of Oldtown.
113
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
16
PLATE XXXI
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. MODIELLA PYGM.EA (Conrad) 261
1. Right valve upon which the fine radiating striae are faintly shown.
X 2. Evitts Creek.
2. External impression of right valve. X 2. Evitts Creek.
3. Internal impression of left valve, showing anterior muscular scar
and oblique sinus. X 1%. Hill 3 miles south of Cumberland in West Virginia.
4. Cardinal view of same specimen. X I1/!-
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
5. Left valve showing fine radiating stria?. X 2. Hamilton formation,
New York.
Fig. 6. NYASSA ABGUTA Hall (?) 262
Internal impression of a broken left valve, showing impressions of posterior lateral teeth. Romney formation, Hamilton member, McCoys Ferry.
Figs. 7-9. NYASSA ARGUTA Hall 262
7, 8. Right and left valves.
9. A squeeze showing the appearance of the interior of the right valve.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 10, 11. AVICULOPECTEN PRINCEPS (Conrad) 263
10. A specimen preserving both valves.
11. A large left valve, much extended posteriorly.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 12. AVICULOPECTEN sp 266
An incomplete right valve. Romney formation, Hamilton member, near Hancock.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXI
10
11
MOLLUSCA PELECYPODA
PLATE XXXII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. AVICULOPECTEN PRIXCEPS (Conrad) 263
1. External impression of a broken left valve.
2. Left valve with broken margins.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Williams Road, % mile east of Queen City Hotel, Cumberland.
Figs. 3, 4. AVICULOPECTEX EQUILATERA (Hall) 265
Two left valves showing variation in erectness of the shell. X 2. Romney formation, Onondaga member, Blair County, Penna., and Ridgeville, W. Va. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 5-9. MODIOMORPHA CONCENTRICA (Conrad) i 266
5, 6. Right and left valves. Evitts Creek.
7, 8. Internal impression of right and left valves. Williams Road,
east of Evitts Creek.
9. Internal impression of right valve elongated by pressure, showing anterior muscular scar. Western Maryland. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
115
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXXIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-6. MODIOMORPHA SUBALATA (Conrad) 268
I, 2. Right and left valves.
3. Right valve.
4. Left valve of small specimen. X 2.
5. Probably right valve of young specimen. X 2.
6. An imperfect right valve.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Fig. 7. MODIOMORPHA MYTILOIDES (Conrad) (?) 269
Left valve from which umbonal region is broken.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Figs. 8-10. MODIOMORPHA MYTILOIDES (Conrad) 269
8, 9. Right and left valves. 10. Young specimen showing both valves. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 11-13. GONIOPHORA HAMILTON ENSIS Hall 271
II. Partly exfoliated right valve, showing sharp umbonal ridge. Rom-
ney formation, Hamilton member, Hancock-Harrisonville Road, about 2 miles north of Hancock. 12, 13. Right and left valves. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 14-16. PHOLADELXA RADIATA (Conrad) 272
14, 15. Right and left valves. Hancock-Harrisonville Road, about 2
miles north of Hancock. 16. Cardinal view of a specimen. Cumberland.
Romney formation, Hamilton member (fig. 16, after Hall).
116
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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11
13
14
10
15
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXXIV
PAGK
Figs. 1-4. CYPRICARDELLA BELLISTRIATA (Conrad) 273
1. Right valve. Evitts Creek.
2. Interior of left valve (?) with broken anterior end. Evitts Creek.
3. Left valve. Evitts Creek.
4. Cardinal view of small specimen preserving both valves. Cum-
berland. Romney formation, Hamilton member (fig. 4, after Hall).
Fig. 5. CYPRICARDELLA TENUISTRIATA (Hall) 275
Left valve. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Williams Road, % mile east of Queen City Hotel, Cumberland.
Figs. 6-10. CYPRICARDINIA IXDENTA (Conrad) 276
6. Right valve. X 2. Evitts Creek.
7. External (?) impression of right valve. X 2. 21st Bridge.
8. A squeeze from the same specimen. X 2.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
9. Right valve showing surface markings. 10. Left valve.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 11-14. PARACYCLAS LIRATA Conrad 277
11. Right valve of small specimen. Great Cacapon.
12. Left valve elongated by pressure. McCoys Ferry.
13, 14. Right and left valves somewhat distorted. Western Maryland. Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 15. PARACYCLAS LIRATA Conrad var. (?) 278
Left valve somewhat broken along the hinge line. Romney formation, Hamilton member, McCoys Ferry.
Figs. 16, 17. PARACYCLAS TENTHS Hall 278
Interior of right valves. X IV2. Romney formation, Hamilton mem- ber, Evitts Creek.
Fig. 18. PAL^OSOLEX MINUTTJS Prosser n. sp 279
Both valves, ventral margin of left broken^ X 1%. Romney forma- tion, Hamilton member, Williams Road, x/i mile east of Queen City Hotel, Cumberland.
117
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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11
-
12
13
15
16
17
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE XXXV
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. PLEUROTOMARIA (BEMBEXIA) SULCOMARGWATA Conrad 280
1. Ventral view of specimen. Warrior Mountain, east of Rush.
2. View of spire and upper part of body whorl. Right bank of Potomac,
about 3 miles below Cumberland.
3. 4. External and internal impressions. Western Maryland.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
5. Dorsal view of specimen, showing surface character. Hamilton
formation, New York.
Figs. 6-8. PLEUROTOMARIA (GYROMA) CAPILLARIA Conrad 282
6. Dorsal view, showing surface markings. X 1^4.
7. Body whorl showing the surface markings but shell is exfoliated
from the spire. X 1*4. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
8. Enlarged specimen, showing surface characters. X 2. Hamilton
' formation, New York.
Figs. 9, 10. PLEUROTOMARIA (TREPOSPIRA) ROT ALIA Hall (?) 283
9. Part of body whorl, showing surface markings. X 1%. National Road, west of Tonoloway Ridge.
10. Internal impression of body whorl. X 11A. McCoys Ferry.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Figs. 11, 12. PLEUROTOMARIA (EURYZONE) ITYS Hall (?) 284
11. Dorsal view of internal impression. Robinson farm, 2 miles south
of Patterson Depot, W. Va.
12. Ventral view of internal impression. Western Maryland.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 13. PLEUROTOMARIA (EURYZONE) ITYS Hall 284
View of an internal impression retaining traces of the surface charac- ters toward the aperture. Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 14. BELLEROPHON ( PATELLOSTIUM ) PATULUS Hall (?) 287
Dorsal view of smooth internal impression from which the margins are broken. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Western Mary- land.
Fig. 15. BELLEROPHON (PATELLOSTIUM) PATULUS Hall 287
Dorsal view of specimen. Hamilton formation, New York.
113
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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MOLLUSC A — GASTROPODA
PLATE XXXVI
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. BELLEROPHON (BUCANOPSIS) LEDA Hall 285
1. Dorsal view, showing surface markings. X la/4. Romney forma-
tion, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
2. Dorsal view of specimen with finely preserved surface. X 2.
3. View of one side of dorsal surface, showing surface markings. X 3.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 4-7. CYRTOLITES (CYRTONELLA) MITELLA Hall 288
4. Dorsal view of specimen which is crushed on right side. X 1^4.
5. Dorsal view of smaller specimen which is distorted toward the
front. X l1^.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, road east of Pine Hill, about 4 miles north of Oldtown.
6. Dorsal view of partly exfoliated specimen.
7. Side view of the type, an internal impression.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 8, 9. CYCLONEMA LIRATUM VAR. GRABAUI Prosser n. var 290
8. Squeeze from an external impression, showing part of the body
whorl, the spire and surface markings. X 1%.
9. Probably the internal impression of the body whorl of the same
specimen. X 1^4.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Williams Road, about 3^ miles southeast of Cumberland.
Fig. 10. CYCLONEMA ( ?) MARYLANDENSE Prosser n. sp 292
Side view, showing the surface markings. Romney formation, Hamil- ton member, right bank of Potomac River, 4 miles below Cum- berland.
Fig. 11. NATICOPSIS sp. undet 293
Lateral view. X 4. Romney formation, Onondaga member, Ridge- ville, W. Va.
Figs. 12-15. MACROCHILUS HAMILTONI^; Hall 293
12, 13. Dorsal and ventral views of internal impression. Romney
formation, Hamilton member, Western Maryland. 14, 15. Views of the opposite sides of the type. Hamilton formation,
New York.
Figs. 16-19. LOXONEMA HAMILTONI.E Hall 294
16. Dorsal view, showing strong longitudinal striae. X 1%. 4^ miles
northeast of Oldtown.
17. Body whorl, showing longitudinal striae. X 2. Evitts Creek.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
18, 19. Dorsal and ventral views of specimen of usual size. Hamilton formation, New York.
119
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN PLATE XXXVI
12
13
14
11
17
15
PLATE XXXVII
PAGE
Pigs. 1-3. PLATYCERAS ERECTUM Hall (?) 296
1. Lateral view of partly exfoliated specimen. X 1*4.
2, 3. Two views of exfoliated specimen, wrinkled by crushing toward
the margin. X 1*4.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Hancock-Harrisonville Road, about 2 miles north of Hancock.
Figs. 4, 5. PLATYCERAS ERECTUM Hall 296
Two views of specimen from Hamilton formation of New York.
Fig. 6. PLATYCERAS CF. SYMMETRTCUM Hall 297
Dorsal view of partly exfoliated specimen. Romney formation, Hamil- ton member, Evitts Creek.
Figs. 7-12. DIAPHOROSTOMA LINEATUM (Conrad) 298
7. Lateral view.
8. Enlarged portion of same to show surface markings. X 7.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Ernstville.
9. The aperture and spire of a symmetrical specimen.
10. Lateral view of the same.
11. Side view of a specimen preserving the surface in great perfection.
12. Enlargement of the surface of the preceding.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 13-15. PLATYSTOMA CF. EUOMPHALOIDES Conrad 299
Upper, side and lower views. Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 16. (?) GASTROPOD.
Squeeze from external impression (?). X 10. Romney formation, Hamilton member, road east of Pine Hill, about 4 miles north of Oldtown.
Figs. 17-20. STYLIOLIXA FISSURELLA ( Hall) 300
17. Lateral view of small specimen. X 6.
18. Similar view of larger specimen. X 6.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Iron Bridge over Town Creek, northeast of Oldtown.
19. Specimen strongly striated longitudinally. X 6.
20. Specimen showing transverse and longitudinal striae. X 6.
Marcellus formation, New York.
Fig. 21. TENTACULITES ATTEXUATUS Hall 301
Specimen showing internal impression for larger end and external impression for the remainder. X 5. Romney formation, Hamil- ton member, National Road, west of Tonoloway Ridge.
Figs. 22-25. TENTACULITES BELLULUS Hall 302
22. External impression. X 3.
23. Same enlarged to show annulations and fine transverse striae. X 8.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Iron Bridge over Town Creek, northeast of Oldtown.
24. A specimen showing the general features of the species.
25. Enlargement of the same showing annulations and encircling
striae.
Hamilton formation, New York.
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXVII
21
19 20
24
23
25
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
PLATE XXXVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. TENTACULITES BELLULUS VAR. POTOMACENSIS Prosser n. var 303
1. View of external impression. X 1%.
2. Squeeze of same, showing the external appearance of the species.
xi%.
3. Same specimen enlarged to show annulations and transverse striae.
X 4. Romney formation, Hamilton member, McCoys Ferry.
Fig. 4. CONTJLARIA UNDULATA Conrad 304
Side view of shell. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 5-8. COLEOLUS TENUICINCTUS Hall 305
5. Two specimens, showing concentric striae; median longitudinal
groove due to fracture.
6. Part of right hand specimen of preceding enlarged, showing appear-
ance of transverse striae. X 3.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
7. An imperfect specimen.
8. A fragment enlarged.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 9. BACTRITES ACICULUS 320
Fragment of tube. Romney formation, Onondaga member, Sassin, Va. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 10, 11. ORTHOCERAS BEBRYX Hall (?) 307
10. Internal impression of part of an individual. Oldtown Road near
Cumberland.
11. Enlargement showing surface markings. X 4. Great Cacapon.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
Fig. 12. ORTHOCERAS BEBRYX Hall 307
A much compressed and weathered fragment, with the siphuncle ex- posed. Hamilton formation, New York.
121
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN PLATE XXXVIII
\
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA AND CEPHALOPODA
if,
PLATE XXXIX
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. ORTHOCERAS SUBULATUM Hall (?) 308
1. Partly exfoliated living chamber.
2. Septum of the same, showing position of siphuncle.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, right bank of Potomac, 3 miles below Cumberland.
Figs. 3, 4. ORTHOCERAS SUBULATUM Hall 308
3. The apical portion of a specimen, showing the regular increase in
the depth of the air-chambers from the apex to the larger ex- tremity.
4. A septum, showing the position of the siphuncle.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 5-8. ORTHOCERAS CONSTRICTUM Vanuxem 309
5. Partly exfoliated living chamber. Romney formation, Hamilton
member, Oldtown Road near Cumberland.
6. A fragment retaining a portion of the living chamber and twenty-
one air-chambers.
7. A fragment of the living chamber, with two of the attached air-
chambers.
8. A septum, showing position of siphuncle.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 9. ORTHOCERAS CF. EXILE Hall 310
Specimen showing seven air-chambers. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
Figs. 10, 11. ORTHOCERAS EXILE Hall 310
10. Living chamber with two air-chambers.
11. Septum of same, showing the circular, transverse section of the
tube and the excentric position of the siphuncle. Hamilton formation, New York.
122
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XXXIX
11
MOLLUSCA — CEPHALOPODA
PLATE XL
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. ORTHOCERAS TELAMON Hall (?) 311
1. Internal impression of living chamber.
2. Septum of preceding, showing excentric siphuncle.
3. A specimen showing five air-chambers.
4. Septum of preceding, showing excentric siphuncle.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Robinsons farm, 2 miles south of Patterson Depot, W. Va.
Figs. 5, 6. OKTHOCERAS TELAMON Hall .". 311
5. Small fragment showing depth of air-chambers and gradual en-
largement of tube.
6. A septum, showing very excentric position of siphuncle.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 7. ORTHOCERAS EMACERATUM Hall (?) 313
Internal impression, showing six air-chambers. Romney formation, Hamilton member, right bank of Potomac, 3 miles below Cum- berland.
Fig. 8. ORTHOCERAS CF. ATJLAX Hall 313
Portion of living chamber, showing surface markings. Romney forma- tion, Hamilton member, road east of Pine Hill, about 4 miles north of Oldtown.
Fig. 9. ORTHOCERAS AULAX Hall 313
Fragment of living chamber, showing the prominent, regular trans- verse furrows and ridges of the surface. Hamilton formation, New York.
123
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XL
-/
MOLLUSCA — CEPHALOPODA
PLATE XLI
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. SPYBOCERAS CROTALUM (Hall) 314
1. Fragment, showing the prominent annulations and longitudinal
striae.
2. Enlargement of same. X 2.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Western Maryland.
3. Internal impression of portion of living chamber, showing absence
of annulations near aperture and striate surface.
4. A small, septate fragment, preserving the characteristic fine, longi-
tudinal striae over the exterior of the tube.
5. A small, slightly compressed specimen, showing the surface mark-
ings and the increase in prominence of the annulations toward the larger end.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 6-8. SPYROCERAS XUXTIUM Hall 316
6. Partly exfoliated fragment, showing the surface striae.
7. Shell of same enlarged, showing surface striae. X 6.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, right bank of Potomac, 3 miles below Cumberland.
8. A compressed specimen showing annulations and longitudinal striae.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 9-11. SPYROCERAS CLARKEI Prosser n. sp 317
9. 10. Two views of fragment, showing five annulations and surface
markings.
11. Same enlarged, showing the longitudinal and concentric stria?. X3. Romney formation. Hamilton member, Ernstville.
124
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XLI
11
MOLLUSCA — CEPHALOPODA
PLATE XLII
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. CF. GOMPHOCERAS PINGUE Hall 318
1. Part of living chamber.
2. Septum of preceding, showing position of siphuncle.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Western Maryland.
Fig. 3. GOMPHOCERAS PINGUE Hall 318
Fragment showing ventricose form and curvature of living chamber toward aperture. Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 4. BACTRITES ACICULATUS (Hall) 319
Part of an individual. X 1%. Romney formation, Hamilton member, 21st Bridge.
Fig. 5. BACTRITES ACICULUM Hall 320
Shell slightly crushed. Genesee formation, New York.
Fig. 6. AGONIATITES EXPANSUS (Vanuxem) 321
Outline figure showing character of surface stria?. Romney formation, Onondaga member, Cumberland. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 7, 8. PARODICERAS DISCOIDEUM (Conrad) 323
Lateral and ventral views. Marcellus formation, New York.
Fig. 9. CYPHASIS CF. STEPHANOPHORA Hall 326
Fragmentary glabella. X 5. Romney formation, Onondaga member, Berkeley Springs, W. Va. (After Kindle.)
125
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XLH
'II
xs
MOLLUSCA — CEPHALOPODA AND ARTHROPODA — TRILOBITA
PLATE XLIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-7. HOMALONOTUS DEKAYI ( Green) 328
1. A young, distinctly trilobate and nearly entire individual.
2. An enrolled and uncompressed individual.
3. The hypostoma.
4. An enlargement of the under surface. X 5.
Hamilton formation, New York.
5. Dorsal view of a pygidium.
6. A smaller and somewhat crushed pygidium, showing the reflexed
apex.
7. An enlargement of a portion of the surface of same. X 10.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, road east of Pine Hill, about 4 miles north of Oldtown.
Figs. 8-12. PHACOPS RANA (Green) 329
8. Dorsal view of cephalon. 21st Bridge.
9. The eye of same. X 3.
10. Pygidium. X 2. Evitts Creek.
Romney formation, Hamilton member.
11. A small individual.
12. The eye of a slightly weathered specimen enlarged.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 13-15. PHACOPS CBISTATA Hall 331
13. Cephalon and part of the thorax of an enrolled specimen, showing
axial and genal spines. Alinda, Penna.
14. Lateral view of an enrolled specimen with a partly crushed gla-
bella, showing genal spine base. Alinda, Penna.
15. Fragmentary thorax and pygidium, showing axial spines. Ridge-
ville, W. Va. Romney formation, Onondaga member. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 16, 17. PHACOPS CRISTATA VAR. PIPA Hall 332
16. Fragmentary enrolled thorax. Alinda, Penna.
17. Pygidium, showing duplicate character of pleural anntilations.
Near New Bloomfield, Penna.
Romney formation, Onondaga member. (After Kindle.)
126
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XLIII
12
17
'ARTHROPOD A — TRILOBITA
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. DALMANITES (CRYPH^US) BOOTHI (Green) 333
1. Partly exfoliated pygidium with marginal spines. X 1%.
2. Another partly exfoliated and smaller pygidium. X 2.
3. A pygidium and part of one side of a thorax. X 1%.
Romney formation, Hamilton member, Evitts Creek.
4. Internal surface of a pygidium, in which the spines are broad and
flat. Hamilton formation, New York.
Fig. 5. DALMANITES MARYLANDICUS Prosser n. sp 334
Partly exfoliated pygidium, showing the pustulose surface and two spines at the apex. Romney formation, Hamilton member, Ernstville.
Fig. 6. LEPEKDITIA ? SUBROTUNDA ; 335
Right valve. X 20. Romney formation, Onondaga member, Little Moccasin Gap, Va. (After Kindle.)
Figs. 7, 8. BOLLIA UNGULA Jones 336
7. Cast of a left valve. X 20. Rees Tannery, Mineral County, W. Va.
8. Dorsal view of a slightly distorted specimen. X 20. Berkeley
Springs, Ridgeville, W. Va.
Romney formation, Onondaga member. (After Kindle.)
Fig. 9. BOLLIA OBESA Ulrich 337
Cast of left valve. X 20. New Bloomfield, Penna. Romney formation, Onondaga member. (After Kindle.)
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
MIDDLE DEVONIAN, PLATE XLIV
XZO
ARTHROPODA — TRILOBITA AND OSTRACODA
DEVONIAN
UPPER
NOTE
The following plates (Plates XLV to LXXIII) illustrate the Systematic Paleontology of the Upper Devonian of Maryland.
17
PLATE XLV
PAGE
Pigs. 1, 2. ZAPHRENTIS MARYLANDICUS n. sp 539
1. Cast of calyx of type specimen as seen from below.
2. Side view of preceding showing its relation to outline of corallite.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, Polish Mountain, 2714.1
Figs. 3-6. ZAPHRENTIS CHEMUNGENSIS n. sp 540
3. Side view of cast of interior of calyx, showing its relation to shape
of corallum.
4. Lower surface of preceding.
5. View of type specimen, similar to fig. 3.
6. Lower surface of same individual.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Polish Mountain, 2714.
Figs. 7, 8. HELIOPHYLLUM SCRUTARIUM n. sp 540
7. Branching corallum showing calyxes.
8. Specimen similar to preceding.
Jennings formation, Chemung member ?, Sideling Hill Creek, Washington County.
Fig. 9. FAVOSITES sp 541
A small corallum showing size of the cells. Jennings formation, Che- mung member ?, Sideling Hill Creek, Washington County.
Figs. 10, 11. AULOPORA REPENS Knorr and Walch 542
10. Corallum attached to shell of Rhipidomella vanuxemi.
11. Corallum similarly attached, showing some difference in propor-
tion of corallites.
Jennings formation, base of Parkhead member, hill-top south of Potomac River, 2V2 miles southeast of Cumberland.
1 The figures following localities indicate the altitude in feet above the base of the Jennings formation at which the specimens were found.
128
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLV
11
CCELENTERATA — ANTHOZOA
PLATE XLVI
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. CLADOCHONUS HUMIIJS n. sp 542
1. Corallum, natural size. Hancock-Harrisonville Road, 2 miles north
of Hancock, 725.
2. Cast of interior of corallite, showing imprints of spinules. X 5.
National Road, east of Hancock, 690.
Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna.
Figs. 3, 4. PALEASTER CLARKI n. sp 543
3. Ambulacral surface, showing the character of the thecal plates,
and some of the adambulacral plates. The mouth parts are not clearly retained. X 1%.
4. Abactinal surface, showing the character of the three rows of plates
on the arms, the fine intercalary plates of the median row and the large and mammillated body plates. X 1%. Jennings formation, Chemung member, near Oakland.
Fig. 5. SPIRORBIS GYRUS n. sp 544
An attached tube, showing the tubercled surface. X 5. Jennings formation, Chemung member ?, Sideling Hill Creek, Allegany County.
Fig. 6. PTERIDICHNITES BISERIATUS n. sp 545
Track made by animal. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Naples fauna, Woodmont.
129
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLVI
COELENTERATA — VERMES — ECHINODERMATA
PLATE XLVII
PAGE Figs. 1-5. LINGULA OHERNI n. sp 546
1. Small shells probably young of this species.
2. Single valve from preceding group. X 6.
3-4. Exteriors of valves showing slight differences of form.
5. Interior of valve.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Williams Road, S1/^ miles east of Cumberland, 1393.
Figs. 6, 7. LINGULA LIGEA Hall 547
6. Exterior of valve. X 3.
7. Exterior of valve which differs slightly in form. X 3.
Jennings formation, Woodmont member, National Road, east of Hancock, 1564 to 1599.
Fig. 8. LINGULA SPATULATA Vanuxem 548
Exterior of valve. X 6. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, National Road, east of Hancock, 1149 to 1274.
Figs. 9, 10. OEBICULOIDEA CF. MEDIA (Hall) 549
9. Dorsal valve. Chemung formation, New York.
10. Dorsal valve somewhat distorted. Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Williams Road, 3% miles east of Cumberland, 1393.
Figs. 11-13. CBAINELLA HAMILTOXI^E Hall 549
11. Cast of interior of dorsal valve. The vascular markings are visible upon cast, but are not shown in figure. Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1660. 12, 13. Exterior and cast of interior of dorsal valve. Jennings forma- tion, Chemung member, Ellerslie, Penna., 1474.
Fig. 14. STBOPHEODONTA DEMISSA (Conrad) 551
Dorsal view of shell. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, Hancock-Harrisonville Road, 2 miles north of Hancock, 882.
Figs. 15-18. STROPHEODONTA MAYNARDI n. sp 551
15. Ventral valve of type.
16. Dorsal valve.
17. Enlargement of cast of portion of interior of dorsal valve. X 2.
18. Enlargement of a portion of a cast of the interior of the ventral
valve showing hinge and muscular scars. X 2.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 2391.
130
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLVII
3
10
11
12
13
18
MOLLUSCOTDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XLVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. LEPTOSTROPHIA PEBPLAXA VAR. NERVOSA (Hall) 552
1. The interior of a ventral valve.
2. Ventral valve showing the character of the surface.
3. Internal cast of an average ventral valve showing muscular scars
and denticulate hinge.
4. Interior of the dorsal valve showing the double cardinal process,
muscular fulcra, and pustulose patches about the muscular area. Jennings formation, Chemung member, from localities near Deer Park and Oakland.
Figs. 5, 6. LEPTOSTROPHIA PERPLANA VAR. ALTERNATA n. var 553
5. Cast of exterior of ventral valve, hinge-line imperfect.
6. Enlargement of striae. X 5.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 2391.
Fig. 7. LEPTOSTROPHIA INTERSTRIALIS (Vanuxem) 554
Ventral valve. Striae of shell are less regular than shown and some- what nodose. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, National Road, east of Millstone, 795.
Figs. 8-17. DOUVILLINA CAYUTA (Hall) 555
8. A small ventral valve of average proportions. 9, 10. Two broader ventral valves.
11. External cast of dorsal valve.
12. Dorsal valve.
13. Interior of ventral valve showing the clearly defined brachial de-
pressions in front of the muscle scars.
14. A characteristic internal cast of the ventral valve showing mus-
cular scars and crenulate hinge.
15. Internal cast of a larger ventral valve.
16. Internal cast of ventral valve.
17. Enlargement of the cardinal portion of the dorsal valve.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Deer Park, Oakland and Altamont.
131
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLVIII
It ,
15
14
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE XLIX
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. DOUVILLINA CAYUTA (Hall) 555
1. Interior of dorsal valve.
2. Enlargement of internal cast of dorsal valve. X 2.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Oakland and Deer Park.
Figs. 3-13. DOUVILLINA CAYUTA VAR. GBACILIORA n. var 556
3. Ventral valve. X 3.
4. Ventral valve represented somewhat too concave at the umbo.
5. Ventral valve.
6. Dorsal view of shell. X 3.
7. 8. Internal casts of ventral valves.
9. Dorsal view of a larger specimen. X 2. 10. Ventral valve similar to fig. 1.
11, 12. Upper and profile views of a characteristic ventral valve. X 2. 13. Profile view of ventral valve.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Deer Park and Oak- land.
Figs. 14-17. DOUVILLIXA ARCUATA (Hall) 557
14, 15. Upper and profile views of a typical ventral valve. X 2. From Upper Devonian of Lime Creek, Iowa. (Introduced for com- parison with following.)
16, 17. Upper and profile views of a ventral valve believed to be of this species.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, 6 miles west of Frostburg.
Fig. 18. STROPHOXEIXA CF. REVEKSA (Hall) 557
The interior of a dorsal valve showing the reversed convexity, cardinal process, hinge and median sinus. Jennings formation, Che- mung member, Trout River, near Oakland.
Figs. 19-22. SCHUCHERTELLA CHEMUNGENSis (Conrad) 559
19. Interior of small dorsal valve. Deer Park.
20. Dorsal valve. Wills Creek Station.
21. 22. Upper and cardinal views of a ventral valve. Two miles east
of Oakland.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
132
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE XLIX
.<"i!i!ij;:.'.;i-:M
3?ar
18
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE L
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. SCHUCHERTELLA CHEMUNGENSis (Conrad) 559
1. Dorsal valve. Deer Park.
2. Dorsal valve showing impress of cardinal process. Top of Polish
Mountain.
3. Internal cast of a very broad ventral valve. Near Deer Park.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Fig. 4. SCHUCHERTELLA ELLIPTICA n. Sp 560
Cast of interior of ventral valve. Jennings formation, Chemung mem- ber, Town Creek, 4631.
Fig. 5. SCHUCHERTELLA (?) PONDEROSA n. SP 560
Cast of interior of a distorted ventral valve showing muscular scars. Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, east of Millstone, 2444.
Figs. 6-10. CHONETES LEPIDIFORMIS n. sp 561
6. Ventral valve retaining long cardinal spines and showing the sur-
face characters. X 3. National Road, Polish Mountain.
7. Internal cast of ventral valve. X 2. Same locality as preceding.
8. Very large ventral valve. X 2.
9. Internal cast of ventral valve. X 3.
10. More transverse ventral valve. X 3. Figs. 8, 9, and 10 are from National Road, east of Millstone.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 11-13. CHONETES SCITULUS Hall 563
11. Ventral valve. X 2. Near base of Parkhead member, cut of
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Rocky Run, 7 miles southeast of Cumberland.
12. Cast of interior of ventral valve showing papillose surface. X 2.
Same locality.
13. Ventral valve having finer striae. Williams Road, Polish Mountain,
1422. Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 14-18. CHONETES OAKLANDENSIS n. sp 562
14-16. Three ventral valves. X 2. 17, 18. Two dorsal valves. X 2.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Green Glade Run, near Deer Park.
Fig. 19. CHONETES ROWEI n. sp 563
Ventral valve showing irregular bifurcating spinulose plications. X 3. National Road, east of Millstone. Jennings formation, Park- head member.
Figs. 20-22. PRODUCTEIXA LACHRYMOSA (Conrad) 564
20. Ventral valve of typical form. Sideling Hill Creek, 2% miles above
mouth, 1700.
21. Ventral valve of small individual. Williams Road, Polish Moun-
tain, 1660.
22. Ventral valve upon which spines are somewhat closer than usual.
Same locality as preceding. Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
133
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE L
15
17
18
21
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LI
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. PRODUCTELLA LACHRYMOSA (Conrad) 564
1. Small cast of ventral valve.
2. Ventral valve.
3. Sculpture cast of ventral valve.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, top of Polish Moun- tain.
Figs. 4-9. PRQDUCTELLA LACHRYMOSA VAR. MARYLAXDICA n. var 565
4. A large ventral valve which differs somewhat from the remaining
specimens. Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 2042.
5. 6. Interiors of dorsal valves.
7-9. Ventral valves showing sparsely spinulose surface. Polish Moun- tain. Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 10-12. PRODUCTELLA LACHRYMOSA (Conrad) var 565
10, 11. Ventral valves.
12. Portion of surface of valve shown in fig. 10, enlarged X 5.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, 3% miles south of Oakland.
Figs. 13-15. PRODUCTELLA SPECIOSA Hall 566
13. Ventral valve. Hancock-Harrisonville Road, 2 miles north of Han-
cock, 1213.
14. Ventral valve showing spinules. Woodmont, 1067.
15. Dorsal valve. National Road, east of Millstone, 795.
Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna.
Figs. 16-19. PRODUCTELLA HYSTRICULA (Hall) 567
16, 17. Dorsal valves.
18. Ventral valve.
19. Ventral valve showing spinules.
Chemung formation, New York.
Fig. 20. PRODUCTELLA NAVICELLIFORMIS n. sp 567
Ventral valve of type. Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Town Creek, 2228.
Figs. 21-23. PRODUCTUS (MARGINIFERA ?) HALLANUS Walcott 568
21, 22. Ventral and dorsal views of a typical specimen from the Upper
Devonian of Lime Creek, Iowa. X 2.
23. External cast of the dorsal valves showing the lamellose, spineless surface.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Green Glade Run, near Deer Park.
134
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LI
10
16
20
18
17
21 22
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LI I
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. DALMANELLA TIOGA (Hall) 569
1. Small ventral valve.
2. Cast of interior of ventral valve.
3. Cast of interior of dorsal valve showing muscular scars.
4. Portion of surface of preceding. X 4.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Ellerslie, Penna. Figs. 1, 2, at 1316. Figs. 3, 4, at 1474.
Fig. 5. DALMAXELLA CARINATA (Hall) 570
Cast of interior of dorsal valve. Jennings formation, Chemung mem- ber, west of Ellerslie, Penna.
Fig. 6. DALMAXELLA sp 572
Ventral valve. X 3. Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, Polish Mountain.
Figs. 7-11. RHIPIDOMELLA VAXUXEMI (Hall) 572
7. Ventral valve. Hill south of Potomac River, 2% miles southeast of
Cumberland.
8, 9. Ventral and dorsal valves. Hinge line is shorter and cardinal
angles more acute than in fig. 7. Same locality.
10. Enlargement of interior of dorsal valve showing hinge. X 2.
Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1371.
11. Cast of interior of ventral valve showing muscular scars. Base of
Parkhead member, hill south of Turners Run Road, 9 miles southeast of Cumberland. Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 12, 13. RHIPIDOMELLA VAXUXEMI VAR.
12. Ventral valve.
13. Cast of interior of dorsal valve.
Jennings formation, base of Parkhead member, B. & O. R. R. cut, Rocky Run, 7 miles southeast of Cumberland.
Figs. 14-18. SCHIZOPHOKIA STRIATULA (Schlotheim) 572
14. Cast of interior of ventral valve of an unusually large individual
showing deep muscular scars. Western Maryland Railroad, 2 miles west of Pawpaw, 1300.
15. Cast of interior of ventral valve. Same locality as preceding.
16. Cast of interior of dorsal valve, preserving striae. Yellow Springs
Road, 3 miles east of Berkeley Springs, West Virginia, 660 feet west of beginning of section.
17. Cast of interior of dorsal valve. National Road, west of Tonoloway
Ridge.
18. Cast of interior of ventral valve of young individual. Same
locality as fig. 16. 310 feet west of beginning of section. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna.
135
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE Lll
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LIII
PAGE
Fig. 1. SCHIZOPHOBIA STRIATULA ( Schlotheim) 572
Cast of interior of ventral valve which approaches the next variety. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Ellerslie, Penna., 1474.
FigS. 2-9. SCHIZOPHORIA STRIATULA VAR. MARYLANDICA n. Var 574
2-4. Internal casts of dorsal valves. 5. Internal cast of ventral valve. 6-8. Three ventral valves. 9. Dorsal valve.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Deer Park and vi- cinity.
Fig. 10. SCHIZOPHORIA STRIATULA (Schlotheim) ? 572
Internal cast of ventral valve. Jennings formation, Parkhead mem- ber, Rocky Run, 7 miles southeast of Cumberland.
Figs. 11-16. CAMAROTCECHIA CONGREGATA VAR. PARKHEADENSIS n. var 575
11. Ventral valve more elongate than usual. Parkhead member,
National Road, east of Hancock, 1600.
12. Cast of interior of ventral valve. Associated with fig. 11.
13. Dorsal valve. Associated with preceding.
14. Posterior view of cast of interior. Chemung member, National
Road, Polish Mountain above 7th turn.
15. Cast of interior of dorsal valve. Associated with fig. 14.
16. Cast of interior of ventral valve. X 2. Associated with preceding.
17. Cast of interior of ventral valve approaching C. sappho in form.
Base of Parkhead member, road 1 mile north of Rocky Run. 6 miles southeast of Cumberland. Jennings formation.
Figs. 18-20. CAMAROTCECHIA CONTRACTA (Hall) 577
18. Ventral valve of typical form showing sharp angular plications.
Allegany Grove, 2957.
19. 20. Ventral valves possessing less angular plications, approaching
C. congregata var. parkheadensis. National Road, Polish Moun- tain, above 7th turn.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Fig. 21. CAMAROTCECHIA CONTRACTA (Hall) var 577
Cast of interior of ventral valve. Jennings formation, Chemung mem- ber, National Road, east of Millstone, 3116.
Figs. 22-25. CAMAROTCECHIA HORSFORDI (Hall) 578
22. Ventral valve, doubtfully referred to this species. Chemung
member, National Road, Polish Mountain above 7th turn.
23, 24. Cast of interiors of ventral and dorsal valves. Parkhead mem-
ber. 2% miles north of mouth of Sideling Hill Creek, 1700.
25. Anterior view of shell. Parkhead member, Western Maryland
Railroad, 2 miles west of Pawpaw. Jennings formation.
Figs. 26, 27. CAMAROTCECHIA ORBICULARIS (Hall) 579
26. Cast of interior of dorsal valve. 2% miles southwest of Mountain
Lake Park.
27. Side view of dorsal valve. Jennings Run Road, 1 mile east of
Barrelville.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
136
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LIU
22
26 27
MOLLUSCOIDEA BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LIV
PAG0
Figs. 1-4. CAMAROTCECHIA EXIMIA (Hall) 579
1. Ventral valve. Town Creek, 4596.
2. Cast of interior of ventral valve. Allegany Grove, 1860.
3. Cast of interior of dorsal valve. Western Maryland Railroad, 2
miles west of Pawpaw, 4703.
4. Anterior view showing slight development of sinus. X 2. Town
Creek, 4596. Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 5-8. LIORHYNCHUS MESACOSTALE Hall 581
5. Ventral valve.
6. Cast of interior of ventral valve.
7. Cast of interior of ventral valve of young individual.
8. Cast of interior of ventral valve of a somewhat crushed individual.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Williams Road, 3% miles east of Cumberland, 1393.
Fig. 9. LIORHYNCHUS CF. MUI/TICOSTUM Hall 581
Exterior of ventral valve. Jennings formation, Parkhead member (?), National Road, west side of Green Ridge.
Figs. 10-16. LIORHYNCHUS GLOBULIFORME (Vanuxem) 582
10-12. Dorsal, anterior and ventral views of an internal cast of an unusually elongate individual. Yellow Springs Road, 3 miles east of Berkeley Springs, W. Va., 1124.
13. Enlargement of muscular scars and hinge of ventral valve. X 3.
National Road, east of Millstone, 1122.
14. Cast of interior of dorsal valve of usual form. Western Maryland
Railroad, 2 miles west of Pawpaw, 1300.
15. Enlargement of hinge and muscular scars of fig. 14. X 4.
16. Cast of interior of dorsal valve. Locality not known.
Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna.
Figs. 17-22. PUGNAX PUGNUS VAR. ALTUS Calvin 583
17-19. Ventral, dorsal and side views of internal cast. Woodmont, 1000.
20. Cast of interior of a dorsal valve bearing more pronounced angular
plications.
21. Enlargement of muscular scars and hinge of ventral valve. X 3.
Same locality as figs. 17-19.
22. Enlargement of hinge of dorsal valve. X 3. Yellow Springs Run
Road, 3 miles east of Berkeley Springs, West Virginia, 510 feet west of beginning of section. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna.
Fig. 23. CRYPTONELLA CF. EUDORA Hall 584
Internal cast of a ventral valve. Jennings formation, Chemung mem- ber (?), Williams Road, Polish Mountain.
137
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LIV
13
17
21
10
14
18
11
10
iMH
22
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
12
16
20
23
PLATE LV
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. TROPIDOLEPTUS CARINATUS (Conrad) 585
1. Ventral valve. Williams Road, 3% miles east of Cumberland, 1466.
2. Cast of interior of ventral valve. Sideling Hill Creek, 2% miles
above mouth, 1700.
3. Dorsal valve. Two miles north of mouth of Town Creek, 1949.
4. Interior of dorsal valve. Same locality as preceding specimen.
5. Enlargement of hinge of fig. 4. X 4.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 6-11. ATRYPA RETICULARIS (Linne") 586
6. Ventral valve showing alation about margin unusually well. Jen-
nings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, National Road, east of Hancock, 690.
7. Enlargement of hinge of cast of interior of ventral valve. X 2.
Same specimen as fig. 6.
8. Enlargement of hinge of cast of interior of dorsal valve. X 3. 2y2
miles northeast of Pratt.
9. Cardinal region of the dorsal valve enlarged, showing the crenulate
dental sockets. Polish Mountain.
10. Ventral valve retaining parts of concentric lamellae. Near Deer
Park.
11. Ventral valve. Oakland.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 12, 13. ATRYPA SPINOSA Hall 587
12. Ventral valve.
13. Cast of interior of dorsal valve.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Ellerslie, Penna,, 1524.
Figs. 14-19. ATRYPA HYSTRIX Hall 589
14. A young ventral valve. National Road, 5 miles west of Frostburg.
15. Cast of interior of ventral valve with very coarse plications. %
mile southwest of Gortner.
16. Ventral valve. Trout Creek, Oakland.
17. Dorsal valve. Near Oakland.
18. Enlargement of surface showing the lamellae enfolding into spines.
X 2.
19. Ventral valve. Trout Creek, Oakland.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
138
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LV
18
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LVI
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. CYRTINA HAMJ.LTONENSIS Hall 591
1. Cast of interior of ventral valve. Chemung member, road from
Oakland to Deer Park.
2. Cast of interior of ventral cardinal area. Same locality.
3. Dorsal valve. X 2. Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, National
Road, west of Tonoloway Ridge. Jennings formation.
Figs. 4-6. RETICULARIA L^EVIS (Hall) 592
4. Cast of interior of dorsal valve.
5. Interior of ventral valve. Portage formation, New York.
6. Cast of interior of ventral valve showing muscular scars.
Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, Na- tional Road, east of Hancock, 690.
Figs. 7-14. SPIBIFEB DISJTJNCTUS Sowerby 593
7. Ventral valve. National Road, Polish Mountain.
8, 9. Ventral valves. Near Deer Park.
10. Ventral valve with extended cardinal angles. National Road, near
top of Polish Mountain.
11. Ventral valve with extended cardinal angles. Near Deer Park.
12. Interior of dorsal valve. Near Oakland.
13. Internal cast of ventral valve. National Road, Polish Mountain.
14. Enlargement of cardinal portion of internal cast of ventral valve.
X 2. Town Creek, 2122. Jennings formation, Chemung member.
139
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LV|
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LVII
PAGE
Fig. 1. SPIKIFEB DISJUNCTUS Sowerby 593
Internal cast of conjoined valves with extremely extended cardinal angles. Jennings formation, Chemung member, near Deer Park.
Figs. 2-5. SPIRIFEB MESASTEIALIS Hall 596
2. Cast of interior of ventral valve. Near Pawpaw, W. Va.
3. Cast of interior of dorsal valve. National Road, east of Millstone,
2444.
4. Enlargement of portion of surface of dorsal valve. Wills Creek
Station, Penna.
5. Dorsal valve. National Road, east of Millstone.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 6-10. SPIKIFEB MARCYI VAR. SUPERSTES n. var 597
6. Portion of cast of interior of dorsal valve, enlarged X 2, showing
muscular scars and hinge. B. & O. Railroad cut, Rocky Run, 7 miles southeast of Cumberland.
7. Enlargement of a portion of surface showing granulose plications.
X 5. National Road, Polish Mountain.
8. Cast of interior of dorsal valve. National Road, Polish Mountain,
above sixth turn.
9. Cast of interior of dorsal valve with shorter wings. National Road
on Green Ridge, 2690.
10. Posterior view showing cardinal area of ventral valve with partially
filled delthyrium. Associated with fig. 9.
11. Posterior view of cast of interior of ventral valve showing strength
of dental plates. Associated with fig. 9.
Jennings formation, Figs. 6, 7 from near base of Parkhead member, Figs. 8-11 from Chemung member.
140
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LVII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-10. SPIRIFER MUCRONATUS VAR. POSTERUS Hall and Clarke 599
1. Ventral valve of medium size. National Road, east of Hancock,
1149 to 1274.
2. Dorsal valve with extended cardinal angles. National Road, west
of Tonoloway Ridge.
3. Dorsal valve. Associated with fig. 2.
4. Cast, of interior of a very large dorsal valve. Woodmont, 1032.
5. Cast of interior of ventral valve of medium size. There is no
median septum but muscular scar is divided by an impressed line. Yellow Springs Road, 3 miles east of Berkeley Springs, 660 feet west of beginning of section.
6. Cast of interior of large ventral valve with greatly extended ex-
tremities. Woodmont, 1032.
7. Cast of interior of dorsal valve differing from prevailing form.
Woodmont, 1000.
8. Enlargement of cast of interior of dorsal valve showing muscular
scars. X 3. Western Maryland Railroad, 2 miles west of Pawpaw, 1300.
9. Cast of interior of ventral valve of young individual. National
Road, east of Hancock, 690.
10. Enlargement of a portion of exterior of valve of young individual showing ornamentation. X 10. National Road, east of Mill- stone, 795.
Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna.
Figs. 11-23. SPIRIFER (DELTHYRIS) MESACOSTALIS Hall 601
11. Ventral valve of a very small individual. Near Deer Park.
12. A larger ventral valve. National Road, Polish Mountain.
13. Enlargement of a part of surface of ventral valve showing median
rib and sharp lamellose concentric markings. X 2. Same locality.
14. Small dorsal valve. Same locality.
15. Small ventral valve. X 2. The ribs are made to appear too sharp
and the concentric lines too angular. Near Pawpaw, W. Va.
16. Small dorsal valve. Near Deer Park.
17, 18. Cast of interior of small ventral valves. X 2. Same locality.
19. Cast of interior of small dorsal valve. X 2. Same locality.
20. Cast of interior of ventral valve. Mountain Lake Park.
21. 22. Cast of interiors of ventral and dorsal valves of usual size.
Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1660.
23. Cast of interior of large ventral valve having extended cardinal angles. 4700 feet northeast of Sunnyside.
Jennings formation, figs. 21, 22 Parkhead member, balance Chemung member.
141
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LVIII
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA
PLATE LIX
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. SPIBIFEB (DELTHYRIS) MESACOSTALIS Hall 601
1. Cast of interior of large dorsal valve with greatly extended cardinal
angles. 1 mile southeast of Sunnyside.
2. Cast of interior of ventral valve of usual size. X 2. National Road,
Polish Mountain. Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 3-7. AMBOCCELIA UMBONATA (Conrad) 602
3. Ventral valve. X 2. Polish Mountain.
4. Dorsal valve. X 2. Same locality.
5. Internal cast of dorsal valve. X 2. Same locality.
6. Exterior of ventral valve. X 2. Same locality.
7. Internal cast of ventral valve. X 2. Near Deer Park.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 8-10. ATHYRIS ANGELICA Hall 604
8. Dorsal valve.
9, 10. Ventral valves.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Allegany Grove, 2941.
Figs. 11, 12. GRAMMYSIA EIXIPTICA Hall 606
Two views of a right valve. Jennings formation, Chemung member, 1 mile east of Barrelville.
Fig. 13. GRAMMYSIA SUBARCUATA Hall 606
Left valve. Chemung formation, New York.
Figs. 14, 15. GRAMMYSIA COMMXTNIS Hall 607
Right and left valves. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, Yellow Springs Run Road, 3 miles east of Berkeley Springs, W. Va., 1124.
Figs. 16, 17. PAL^ANATINA ANGUSTA 609
16. A small right valve.
17. Cast of interior of right valve.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 4596.
Figs. 18, 19. SPHENOTUS CONTRACTUS Hall 610
18. Sculpture cast of left valve. Chemung formation, New York.
19. Right valve doubtfully determined. Jennings formation, Chemung
member, Wills Creek Station, Penna.
142
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LIX
10
16
15
17 18 19
MOLLUSCOIDEA — BRACHIOPODA AND MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE LX
VAGE FigS. 1-3. BUCHIOLA RETROSTRIATA (V. Buch) 613
1. A large right valve, somewhat flattened. X 3. Barrelville Road, y2
mile west of Corriganville.
2. A very small right valve with few broad flat ribs with coarse re-
curved surface markings. X 5. Town Creek, Gilpin.
3. An enlargement showing the smooth embryo shell and the abrupt
introduction of the radial ornament in secondary growth, x 10. Wolfe Mills, near Cumberland.
Jennings formation, Genesee member. Figs. 4-6. BUCHIOLA CONVERSA Clarke 615
4. Right valve of type showing the elevated margins and concave sur-
face of the ribs. X 3. Lower Falls of the Genesee River, New York. Naples shales.
5. 6. Left and right valves. X 5.
Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Naples fauna, Town Creek, Gilpin. Figs. 7, 8. BUCHIOLA MARI.E n. sp 615
7. Right valve. X 4.
8. Smaller right valve. X 3.
Jennings formation, Genesee member, Williams Road, Cum- berland.
Figs. 9-12. BUCHIOLA ? LIVONIA Clarke 616
9. Right valve showing the numerous flattened ribs. X 4. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Naples fauna, National Road, east of Town Creek, Gilpin.
10. The two valves, normally expanded. Romney Road, 3% miles
southeast of Burlington, W. Va. Jennings formation, Genesee member.
11. Right valve. X 4. Same locality as fig. 10.
12. Left valve of the type specimen showing the fine concentric linea-
tion of ribs. X 3. Styliola limestone of Genesee shales, Livonia salt shaft, New York. Figs. 13-16. PARACARDIUM DORIS Hall 617
13. A small right valve. X 4. Wolfe Mills, near Cumberland.
14. Both valves. X 4! Wolfe Mills, near Cumberland.
15. A large right valve. X 4. West of Corriganville.
16. The right valve. X 4. Same locality as fig. 15.
Jennings formation, Genesee member. Figs. 17, 18. PARACARDIUM DELICATULUM Clarke 618
17. A valve with normal characters, somewhat deformed about the
hinge. X 10. This is the type specimen. Styliola limestone of the Genesee shale (Naples fauna). Canandaigua Lake, New York.
18. A right valve showing the extremely fine radial ribs, which are
crossed by concentric lines, though these are made much too strong in the drawing. X 10.
Jennings formation, Genesee member, Wolfe Mills, near Cum- berland. Figs. 19-23. NUCULA CORBULIFORMIS Hall. . , 619
19. Cast of interior of left valve. X 2. Woodmont member, Ithaca
fauna, National Road, west of Tonoloway Ridge.
20. Cast of interior of left valve. X 2. Woodmont member, Ithaca
fauna, same locality as fig. 19.
21. Enlargement of portion of exterior. X 8. Woodmont member,
Ithaca fauna, Berkeley Springs, West Virginia, 1058.
22. Right valve. Parkhead member, 2 miles north of mouth of Town
Creek, 1716.
23. Enlargement of cast of interior showing hinge. Parkhead member,
Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1352. Jennings formation.
Fig. 24. PAL^ONEILO PETILA Clarke ? 624
Right valve. X 2. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Naples fauna, Williams Road, 3% miles east of Cumberland, 406.
Fig. 25. PAL^EONEILO MAXIMA (Conrad) ? 622
Cast of interior of right valve. 2 miles north of mouth of Town Creek, Parkhead member, 1282. Jennings formation.
143
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LX
14
17
22
: ^V
18
11
13
19
20
23 24
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
12
18
25
PLATE LXI
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. PAL^ONEILO PLANA Hall 621
1. Cast of interior of left valve. National Road, east of Millstone, 2322.
2. Left valve. Associated with preceding.
3. Cast of interior of a very elongate left valve probably of this species.
Near Mr. Cheney's, 2% miles northeast of Pratt, at base of section.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 4-6. PAI/^EONEILO BREVIS Hall 622
4. 5. Casts of interiors of right and left valves. Parkhead member,
Western Maryland Railroad, 2 miles west of Pawpaw, 1763.
6. Cast of interior of left valve. Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna,
Woodmont.
Jennings formation.
Figs. 7-10. PAi/y£ONEiix> CONSTRICTA (Conrad) 620
7. Cast of interior of right valve. Jennings formation, Woodmont
member, Ithaca fauna, Woodmont, 710. 8,9. Sculpture casts of right and left valves. Hamilton formation,
western New York.
10. Cast of left valve. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Green Ridge.
Figs. 11, 12. PAL^ONEILO FILOSA (Conrad) 623
Two right valves. X 2. Jennings formation, Chemung member, near Wills Creek Station, Penna.
Fig. 13. PAI^EONEILO ANGUSTA Hall 624
Left valve. Jennings formation, Chemung member, 1 mile southeast of Sunnyside.
FigS. 14, 15. PALyEONEILO CKASSA n. Sp 625
14. Cast of interior of right valve of type.
15. Dorsal view of internal cast.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 3584.
Figs. 16, 17. LEDA CF. DIVERSA Hall 626
16. Cast of interior of left valve. X 2. Town Creek, 3760.
17. Cast of interior of left valve. X 2. Town Creek, 3870.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Fig. 18. MACRODON CHEMUNGENSIS Hall 627
Cast of interior of left valve. Jennings formation, near base of Park- head member, White Sulphur Branch, 4 miles southeast of Pratt.
Figs. 19-21. PTERINEA NODOCOSTA n. sp 628
19. A large left valve showing the coarse nodose ribs and finer inter-
vening ones. Oakland.
20, 21. Two rather imperfect and small left valves. Near Deer Park
and Oakland.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Fig. 22. PTERINEA CHEMUNGENSIS (Conrad ) 629
22. A left valve of normal character. Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, 7 miles west of Frostburg.
144
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXI
o
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE LXII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. LUNULICARDIUM ENCRiNiTUM Clarke 630
1. Left valve showing the finely lineate surface. X 3. Town Creek,
Gilpin, Allegany County.
2. Same. X 2. Wolfe Mills, near Cumberland.
3. Same. X 3. Allegany County.
Jennings formation, Genesee member.
Fig. 4. LUNULICARDIUM CYMBULA n. sp G31
The single valve observed. X 5. Jennings formation, Genesee mem- ber, near Corriganville.
Figs. 5-7. PTEROCH^NIA FRAGILIS (Hall) 632
5. Right valve showing the smooth concentrically lined surface and
the sica. X 3. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Naples fauna, Town Creek, Gilpin.
6, 7. Right and left valves. X 3. Jennings formation, Genesee mem-
ber, west of Corriganville.
FigS. 8, 9. ECTENODESMA BIROSTRATUM Hall 633
8. Cast of interior of left valve. The wings of this specimen are
broken. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, Little Orleans, Wagon Road, north of Western Maryland R. R.
9. Left valve. Chemung formation, New York.
Figs. 10-12. LIOPTERIA BIGSBYI Hall 634
10, 11. Left and right valves. Hamilton or Ithaca, Schoharie, New
York.
12. Left valve doubtfully referred to this species. Jennings forma- tion, Chemung member, National Road, Polish Mountain, 2714.
Figs. 13, 14. LIOPTERIA MARYLAXDICA n. sp 635
Casts of interior of two left valves. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 2023.
145
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXII
MOLLUSC A — PELECYPODA
PLATE LXIII
PAGE
Fig. 1. LIOPTERIA AURICULATA n. sp 636
Exterior of left valve. The anterior ear is made too large in drawing. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, National Road, east of Millstone, 795.
Fig. 2. LIOPTEBIA sp.
A small suberect left valve with short posterior wing and concen- trically lined surface. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Trout River, 2 miles south of Oakland.
Fig. 3. LEPTODESMA ROGERSI Hall 636
Right and left valves. Ithaca beds, Norwich, N. Y.
Figs. 4-8. LEPTODESMA LONGISPINUM Hall 637
4. Right valve. Chemung formation, New York.
5. Left valve with posterior spine restored. Near Oakland.
6. Left valve doubtfully referred to this species. National Road, 6
miles west of Frostburg.
7. 8. Right and left valves. Same locality.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 9, 10. LEPTODESMA AGASSIZI Hall 637
9. Left valve.
10. Right valve.
Chemung formation, New York.
Figs. 11-15. LEPTODESMA MEDON Hall 638
11. Small left valve. National Road, 7 miles west of Frostburg. 12, 13. Right valves. Allegany Grove, 2307.
14, 15. Left valves. Allegany Grove, about 2215. Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 16, 17. LEPTODESMA NAVIFORME Hall 639
16. Exterior of large right valve showing faint radiating striae.
17. Exterior of right valve of somewhat different proportions.
Jennings formation, near base of Parkhead member, Williams Road, 4 miles east of Cumberland.
Figs. 18, 19. LEPTODESMA LICHAS Hall 640
18. Left valve. Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road,
6 miles west of Frostburg.
19. Left valve. Chemung formation, New York.
Fig. 20. LEPTODESMA ELONGATUM n. sp 640
Left valve. Jennings formation, near top of Chemung member, Keyser- Piedmont Road, 2% miles west of Keyser, W. Va.
Fig. 21. GOSSELLETIA sp 641
Cast of interior left valve. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Williams Road, Polish Mountain.
146
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXIII
18
10
11
21
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE LXIV
PAGE Fig. 1. ACTINOPTERIA CF. EPSILON Hall 642
A large left valve, showing radial lines. Ithaca beds, Ithaca, N. Y.
Fig. 2. ACTINOPTERIA BOYDI (Conrad) 642
Left valve, outline restored. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, Woodmont, 1170.
Figs. 3-5. SCHIZODUS CHEMUNGENSIS (Conrad) 644
3, 4. Casts of interior of right valve. 5. Cast of interior of left valve.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 3453.
Fig. 6. SCHIZODUS CHEMUNGENSIS VAK. QUADRANGULARIS Hall 645
Left valve. Jennings formation, Chemung member, near Deer Park.
Figs. 7-14. SCHIZODUS OHERNI n. sp 646
7. Left valve.
8. Cast of interior of right valve of more circular shape than usual. 9, 10. Interior of left and right valves showing hinge.
11. Cast of interior of right valve.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member, National Road, east of Millstone, 1781.
12, 13. Cast of interior of very large left valves. 14. Posterior view of cast of valve shown in fig. 13.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Sideling Hill Creek.
Fig. 15. SCHIZODUS FROSTBURGENSIS n. sp 647
Cast of interior of left valve. Jennings formation, Chemung member. National Road, 7 miles west of Frostburg.
Figs. 16-18. SCHIZODUS TRIGONALIS n. sp 647
16-17. Casts of interiors of left valves. Chemung member, Town
Creek, 2228.
18. Cast of interior of right valve, probably of this species. Parkhead member, National Road, east of Millstone, 1781. Jennings formation.
147
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXIV
17
MOLLUSCA — PELECYPODA
PLATE LXV
PAGE
Fig. 1. LYRIOPECTEN TRICOSTATUS (Vanuxem) 649
Left valve with characteristic surface markings. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Allegany County, near West Virginia line.
Pig. 2. MODIOMORPHA SUBANGULATA Hall var 650
Right valve. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 2382.
Fig. 3. GONIOPHORA HAMILTONENSIS Hall 651
Left valve. Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Western Mary- land Railroad, 2 miles west of Pawpaw, 1485.
Figs. 4-6. GONIOPHORA TRUNCATA Hall 651
4. Cast of interior of left valve.
5. Cast of interior of right valve.
6. Left valve.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1660.
Fig. 7. GONIOPHORA GLAUCA Hall 652
Right valve. Jennings formation, base of Parkhead member, White Sulphur Branch, 4 miles southeast of Pratt.
Figs. 8-10. CYPRICARDELLA BELLISTRIATA (Conrad) 653
8. Left valve.
9. Right valve. 10. Left valve.
Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 11-15. CYPRICARDELLA MARYLANDICA n. sp 654
11. Right valve.
12. Right valve somewhat distorted.
13. Internal cast of right valve.
14. Left valve of normal outline.
15. Right valve expressing the correct characters of the exterior. X 2.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Deer Park.
Figs. 16-18. CYPRICARDELLA GREGARIA (Hall) 654
Internal casts of left valves. Jennings formation, Parkhead (?) mem- ber, National Road, west of Green Ridge.
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MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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10 "^^^ 13
MOLLUSC A — PELECYPODA
15
PLATE LXVI
PAGE
Figs. 1-5. CYPRICABDELLA TENUISTRIATA (Hall) 656
1. Cast of interior of left valve. Sideling Hill Creek, 2y2 miles above
mouth, 1700.
2. Right valve. Two miles north of mouth of Town Creek, 1716.
3. Right valve, somewhat questionably referred to this species, upon
which concentric striae of umbo are nearly obsolete. Two miles north of mouth of Town Creek, 1632. Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
4. Large left valve. Hamilton formation, New York.
Figs. 6-12. CYPRICARDELLA NITIDULA n. sp 656
6. Left valve showing the well marked umbonal slope and strong
concentric ridges. X 2.
7. Internal cast of left valve showing muscle scars and hinge. X 2.
8. Gutta-percha squeeze of hinge of left valve. X 2.
9, 10. Two left valves of an elongate finely lined shell, with posterior umbonal ridge close upon the margin. These shells resemble in outline C. tenuistriata Hall except for the position of the pos- terior ridge.
11. Gutta-percha squeeze showing interior of right valve. X 2.
12. The interior of a small left valve of the same species.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, figs. 6-11 Deer Park, fig. 12 National Road, west of Frostburg.
Fig. 13. CYPRICARDELLA CUMBERLAND!^ n. sp 657
Cast of interior left valve. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Allegany Grove.
Figs. 14-20. CYPRICARDELLA CRASSA n. sp 657
14, 15. Left valves.
16. Cast of interior of right valve.
17. Cast of interior of left valve.
18. Right valve.
19. Interior of right valve.
20. Hinge of right valve enlarged X 2.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, east of Millstone, 2761.
Fig. 21. CYPRICARDINIA ELEGANS n. sp 659
Left valve of type. Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, 300 feet west of schoolhouse, Belle Grove.
Figs. 22-24. CYPRICARDINIA ELEGANS VAR. ANGUSTA n. var 659
22. Cast of interior of left valve.
23. Dorsal view of internal cast. The valves are not equal in convexity
as the figure seems to indicate.
24. Right valve.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 3584.
Fig. 25. PARACYCLAS MARYLANDICA n. sp 660
Right valve of type. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 3870.
149
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXVI
MOLLUSCA— PELECYPODA
PLATE LXVII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. PLETJROTOMARIA (GYKOMA) CAPILLARIA Conrad 661
1. Ventral view of large individual. X 2. Hamilton formation, New
York.
2. Dorsal view of small shell. Jennings formation, Parkhead member,
Sideling Hill Creek, 2% miles above mouth, 1700.
3. Exterior of portion of shell showing ornamentation and slit band.
Associated with preceding.
Fig. 4. HOBMATOMA BisTRiATA n. sp 663
Dorsal view of type. X 2. Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Sideling Hill Creek, 2% miles above mouth, 1700.
FigS. 5-8. ECTOMAHIA MARYLANDICA n. SP 663
5. Dorsal view of shell. X 2. The apical angle is too large in drawing.
Western Maryland Railroad, 2 miles west of Pawpaw, 1597.
6. Dorsal view of shell. X 2. Sideling Hill Creek, 2y2 miles above
mouth, 1700.
7. Dorsal view of type specimen. Western Maryland Railroad, 2 miles
west of Pawpaw, 1597.
8. Cast of exterior of shell. The apical angle is much too small, due to
cast. Same locality. Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 9-12. ECTOMARIA ECCLESI.E n. sp 664
9. A group of shells, natural size. Near Oakland.
10. Dorsal view. X 3. Deer Park.
11. Part of the spiral with the concentric striae obsolete. X 5. Near
Oakland.
12. An enlargement of part of the spire showing the surface orna-
mentation. X 5. Polish Mountain. Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 13-16. BELLEROPHON NACTOIDES n. sp 665
13-15. Dorsal, ventral, and side views of cast of exterior. National
Road, west of Tonoloway Ridge. 16. Enlargement of portion of surface. X 3. Same locality.
Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna.
Figs. 17-20. BELLEROPHON CLARKI n. sp 666
17-18. Dorsal and side view of type specimen. X 1%. Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1660.
19. Dorsal view. Western Maryland Railroad, 2 miles west of Paw-
paw, 1597.
20. Enlargement of exterior showing ornamentation. Polish Moun-
tain.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 21, 22. BUCANOPSIS M^RA (Conrad) 667
Dorsal and side view of shell. Chemung formation, New York.
Figs. 23-25. STRAPAROIXUS MARYLANDICUS n. sp 668
23. Internal cast of type, dorsal view.
24. Lower surface of specimen illustrated in fig. 23, showing large
umbilicus. Sideling Hill Creek, 2% miles above mouth, 1700.
25. Upper view of small shell. Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1661.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Fig. 26. PH^XEROTINUS LAXUS (Hall) 669
Internal cast. Parkhead member, Sideling Hill Creek, 2V2 miles above mouth, 1700.
Figs. 27-29. CYCLONEMA COXCIXNUM Hall 670
27. Dorsal view showing ornamentation. Chemung member, Town
Creek, 2228.
28. Dorsal view of smaller specimen. Parkhead member, Western
Maryland Railroad, 2 miles west of Pawpaw, 1597.
29. Internal cast. Parkhead member, Sideling Hill Creek, 2l/2 miles
above mouth.
Jennings formation.
150
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXVII
26
27 29
M OLLU SC A — GASTROPODA
24
PLATE LXVIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-4. CYCLONEMINA CRENULISTRIATA n. sp 671
1. Dorsal view.
2. Portion of the surface of a shell enlarged. X 3.
3. Dorsal view of individual showing great thickness of the shell.
4. Dorsal view showing aperture. Type.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 2228.
Fig. 5. CYCLONEMINA CKENUXJSTRIATA VAR. OBSOLESCENS n. var 672
Shell preserving portion of test, showing ornamentation. Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 2228.
Figs. 6-10. CYCLONEMINA MITLTISTRIATA n. sp 672
6. Dorsal view of type. Sideling Hill Creek, 2~y2 miles above mouth,
1700.
7. Enlargement of a portion of the surface showing ornamentation.
X 5. Same locality.
8. Dorsal view of a shell of slightly different proportions. Same
locality.
9. Cast of interior. Same locality.
10. Internal cast of a very large shell. Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1600.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 11, 12. TURBO CORONOLA n. sp 673
11. Profile from a replica. The original cast of this is somewhat
imperfect or distorted about the lower edge of the aperture.
12. A part of the exterior drawn from a gutta-percha squeeze.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, 6 miles west of Frostburg.
Fig. 13. TROCHONEMA (GYRONEMA) LIRATUM (Hall) 674
Dorsal view. Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, east of Hancock, 2223.
Figs. 14, 15. MACROCHILINA PULCHELLA n. sp 675
14. Internal cast of the only specimen observed. X 5.
15. Exterior of the same. X 5.
Jennings formation. Chemung member, Williams Road, Polish Mountain.
151
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXVIII
15
12
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
PLATE LXIX
PAGE
Figs. 1, 2. LOXONEMA HAMILTONI,E Hall 676
1. Dorsal view of a small specimen. X 2. Western Maryland Railroad,
2 miles west of Pawpaw, 1597.
2. Dorsal view of a larger individual of the usual proportions. Same
locality, 1485. Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 3-7. LOXONEMA TEREBRUM Hall 676
3. Dorsal view of a nearly complete example. National Road, 6 miles
west of Frostburg.
4. Dorsal view of a small shell. Same locality.
5. A portion of the exterior. Same locality.
6. Part of an internal cast. Glade Run.
7. External and internal cast of a specimen. Same locality.
Jennings formation, Chemung member.
Figs. 8-10. LOXONEMA STYLIOLUM Hall 676
8. 9. Dorsal view of exteriors of shells upon which ornamentation is
not preserved.
10. Internal cast of apical portion.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Town Creek, 2238.
Figs. 11-14. LOXONEMA ( ?) GLABRUM n. sp 677
11. Internal cast. Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1660.
12. Dorsal view of exterior. Same locality.
13. Internal cast. Sideling Hill Creek, 2l/2 miles above mouth, 1700.
14. Dorsal view of exterior of a shell probably of this species. Wil-
liams Road, Polish Mountain.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 15, 16. TRACHYODOMIA PRECURSOR (Clarke) 678
Ventral and dorsal views of shell. X 1%. This is a barite replacement of the fossil from the Portage formation, Naples beds, Honeoye Lake, New York.
Figs. 17, 18. HOLOPEA ROWEI n. sp 679
17. Internal cast of a large specimen.
18. Dorsal view.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Williams Road, Polish Mountain.
Figs. 19, 20. HOLOPEA MARYLANDICA n. sp 680
Dorsal views showing variations in form. Jennings formation, Che- mung member, Williams Road, Polish Mountain.
Fig. 21. HOLOPEA HUMILIS n. sp 680
Internal cast of type. Jennings formation, Parkhead member, 2 miles north of mouth of Town Creek, 1716.
152
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXIX
11
10
12
15
16
19 20
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA
14
21
18
PLATE LXX
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. PLATYCERAS COMPKESSUM n. sp 683
Three views of type. Jennings formation, Chemung member, west of Green Ridge, near Pennsylvania line.
Figs. 4-6. ORTHONYCHIA PROSSERI n. sp 681
Three views of internal cast. Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, 6 miles west of Frostburg.
Figs. 7-9. ORTHONYCHIA UNGUICTJLATA n. sp 682
Three views of type. Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 1660.
Figs. 10, 11. ORTHONYCHIA sp 682
Enlargement of internal cast. X 2. Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Sideling Hill Creek, 2l/2 miles above mouth, 1700.
Figs. 12-16. PLATYCERAS MARYLANDICUM n. sp 683
12, 13. Two views of a small individual. Parkhead member, Williams
Road, Polish Mountain, 1660.
14-16, Three views of type specimen. Chemung member, same locality, 2042. Jennings formation.
Figs. 17-19. DIAPHOROSTOMA LINEATUM (Conrad) 684
17, 18. Two views of same shell.
19. Portion of surface enlarged X 7.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, west of Green Ridge, near Pennsylvania line.
Figs. 20-23. TENTACULITES DESCISSUS n. sp 686
20. A full grown example showing the subequal rings of early growth
and the alternation in size in later stages. X 2. Green Ridge, Allegany County.
21. A small example. Western Maryland.
22. 23. Fragments of the apical parts of the tubes with only the sub-
equal rings present. X 5.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Deer Park.
Fig. 24. TENTACTTLITES SPICTJLUS Hall 687
Shell enlarged X 5. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Ithaca fauna, National Road, east of Millstone, 795.
153
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXX
MOLLUSCA GASTROPODA
PLATE LXXI
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. STYLIOLINA FISSURELLA (Hall) 685
1. Surface of fragment of shale covered with shells, natural size.
2. Fragment enlarged. X 3.
3. Single individual. X 6.
Genesee formation, New York.
Figs. 4-6. COLEOLUS TENUICIXTUS Hall 687
4. Cast of interior of shell of unusually large size. Maryland-Pennsyl-
vania state line, east of Ragged Mountain.
5. 6. Apices of two specimens. X 6. One-half mile north of Pawpaw.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
Figs. 7-9. HYOLITHES ACLIS Hall 688
Three views of cast of interior. X 2. Jennings formation, Parkhead member, Sideling Hill Creek, 2l/2 miles above mouth, 1700.
Fig. 10. PHARETREIXA TENEBROSA Hall 690
Specimen showing ornamentation. Genesee formation, New York.
Fig. 11. BACTRITES ACICTJLUS (Hall) 692
A specimen showing the usual crushed and incomplete condition of the fossil. Jennings formation, Genesee member, Williams Road, near Cumberland.
Figs. 12, 13. ORTHOCERAS FILOSUM Clarke 691
Specimens showing the surface characteristics. Jennings formation, Woodmont member, Naples fauna, Town Creek, Gilpin.
Figs. 14, 15. ORTHOCERAS DEMUM Hall 691
14. Chamber of habitation.
15. A part of shell showing septa.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, National Road, east of Hancock, 2223.
Figs. 16-18. ORTHOCERAS CONSORTAI.E Hall 690
16. Cast of a portion of shell showing septa.
17. Portion of shell showing chamber of habitation.
18. Septum showing siphuncle.
Jennings formation, Chemung member, Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 2043.
154
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXI
11
16
18
MOLLUSCA — GASTROPODA AND CEPHALOPODA
PLATE LXXII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. MANTICOCERAS PATERSONI (Hall) 693
1. Shell upon which sutures are not preserved. Chemung member,
Williams Road, Polish Mountain, 2042.
2. Transverse section of shell shown in fig. 1.
3. Smaller individual preserving suture lines.
Portage formation, Naples fauna, New York.
Figs. 4, 5. PROBELOCERAS LUTHERI Clarke 695
Two small specimens neither showing septa, tentatively referred to this species. Fig. 4X3; fig. 5 natural size. Jennings forma- tion, Genesee member, Wolfe Mill, Allegany County.
Fig. 6. TORNOCERAS UNIANGULARE (Conrad) 696
A small flattened specimen showing the characteristic septal sutures. X 2. Jennings formation, Genesee member, Williams Road, Cumberland.
Fig. 7. SANDBERGEROCERAS CHEMUNGENSIS (Vanuxem) 697
Part of a single volution. Jennings formation, near base of Parkhead member, White Sulphur Branch, 4 miles southeast of Pratt.
Figs. 8, 9. PHACOPS RAX A (Green) 699
8. Glabella. Sideling Hill Creek, 2% miles above mouth, 1700.
9. Pygidium. Road leading northeast from Pratt, % mile west of
15-mile Creek. Jennings formation, Parkhead member.
155
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
UPPER DEVONIAN, PLATE LXXII
MOLLUSCA— CEPHALOPODA AND ARTHROPODA— TRILOBITA
PLATE LXXIII
PAGE
Figs. 1-3. GLYPTASPIS EASTMANI n. sp 700
1. Antero-ventro-lateral plate showing surface ornamentation. Jen-
nings formation, base of Parkhead member, Horse Ridge, south- west of Hancock, 1600.
2. Right postero-ventro-lateral plate showing surface ornamentation.
Jennings formation, Parkhead member (?), west of Green Ridge, near Pennsylvania line.
3. Fragment of an undetermined plate from the same locality as fig. 1.
J53
MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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