Se ha®? Re Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/dielebensweisede00ren SEPARATE HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS OF THE SEVERAL COLLECTIONS INCLUDED IN THE DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, V1I2.: 1. MAMMALS 3 . . 2 : £ 3 3 9. DOMESTICATED ANIMALS, HYBRIDS, AND ABNORMALITIES . i . 5 ; ROT —-3. BIRDS > - 5 B . ed 4. REPTILES AND BATRACHIANS . . . so 9. FISHES . 3 : . > > : 5 . 533 6. INSECTA . : ; - . . : : ot 7. ARACHNIDA . ; : : > 5 ; . 655 8. MYRIOPODA . 5 E > : 3 - . 685 9. MOLLUSCA £ - 5 5 . 701 10. CRUSTACHA, ECHINODERMS, PERIPATUS, WORMS, AND ANTHOZOA . 731 11. PROTOZOA, PORIFERA, HYDROZOA, POLYZOA, BRACHIOPODA, AND TUNICATA . . . . 765 VOL. II. [19° 6) B DA, 79 2 IE, A AY br & 3. BIRDS. & Br £ BOWDLER SHARPE. I. GENERAL SKETCH. Sır Hans StoAne’s Museum undoubtedly formed the ground- work on which the great Zoological Collection of the British Museum was fourded. In 1753 the number of ornithological specimens was stated to be 1,172; these, however, were not all mounted birds, but contained many fragmentary specimens, such as Hornbill’s heads, and odd bones. His collection of zoological objeets could never have been of the same importance as his Herbarium (cf. Hist. Coll., vol. i., Botany, p. 81), or even of his collection of minerals (cf. Hist. Coll., Minerals, pp. 355, 356), and, as far as I know, not a single specimen of a bird from the Sloane Collection now exists in the Museum. All have perished. Many specimens procured during Captain Cook’s voyages were either in the Banksian Collection or in the British Museum, or were supposed to be there. These specimens have also perished, the reason probably being that they were inadequately prepared, were always mounted, and, from a lack of appreciation of their priceless value, were allowed to decay, through a want of proper curatorial knowledge. In Latham’s “ General Synopsis ‚ of Birds” (1781-1785) are mentioned a great number of species “ described from specimens in the Beitich Kusel, not one of \ which now survives. There is apparently but one relic of the birds obtained by ' Captain Cook, viz. a Tree Starling, Aplonis ulietensis, which has . persisted in a kind of mummified state to the present day, after „. having been mounted and exposed to the dust and light of the “ old British Museum for nearly a century. The Montagu Collection of British birds was purchased by the S.nation in 1816. Colonel Montagu, who had corresponded with \ Gilbert White, was a first-rate ornithologist in his day. Not one N of his specimens was properly prepared—apparently no preserva- ‚tive worthy of the name having been used—and I have felt the _ greatest anxiety as to the preserving of the relies of this ancient British collection. The bones of the neck and other bones of the "body were left in the specimens, which were set up by no means s0 Zoology. badly. During the thirty years that they have been under my care, many have been attacked by small mites (in spite of the camphor-laden atmosphere of the cases) and have fallen to pieces. Notwithstanding all the efforts of the Museum taxidermists, it has seldom been possible to dismount any specimens from the Montagu Collection, and they have mostly been transferred bodily to the cabinets of skins. Owing to the specimens having no preservative, many of them, especially the fat and heavy ones, fell to pieces from their own weight in course of time. This was regrettably the case with the British-killed Great Bustard (Otis tarda) which collapsed a few years ago. The method of preserving specimens in Montagu’s time can best be imagined byreading the “short directions” given by Johann Reinhold Forster, “for collecting, preserving, and transporting all kinds of Natural History Curiosities.” These directions are appended to Forster's “Catalogue of the Animals of North America, containingan Enumeration of the known Quadrupeds, Birds, Reptiles, Fish, Insects, Crustaceous and Testaceous Animals; many of which are new and never described before.” This scarce little pamphlet was published in 1771 by Benjamin White, Gilbert White’s eldest brother, at “Horace’s Head, in Fleet Street.” A reproduction of this pamphlet, from a copy in Professor Newton’s possession, was published by the Willughby Society in 1882. It may be interesting to give Forster’s ‘““ short direcetions ” for preserving a bird, as it explains the method in vogue in his time, and it is not to be wondered at that specimens, so treated, decayed in the course of a century :—“ Birds must be opened at the vent, their entrails, Jungs, and craws taken out, washed with the preparing liquor, strewed with the preparing powder, stuffed with the prepared oakhum or tow; their plumage kept clean during the operation, sewed up with thread steeped in the preparing liquor ; the eyes taken out, with the tongue, and both places washed with the same liquor ; the mouth must be filled with prepared tow in great birds, the eyes filled up with putty, and, when dry, painted with oil-colour after the natural colour of live birds, of the same species, and then dried in an oven ; how- ever, as there is all the meat on the bird left, care must be taken not to take too plump or too fat birds, and dry them slowly under the same precaution as mentioned No. 1 [Quadrupeds). The operation must be repeated till the bird be perfectly dry. The attitude may be given to the bird before he be put in the oven, Birds. $ I by wires that are sharp on one end and thrusted through the bird’s legs, body, breast, and neck, and others going through the wings and body. Small birds are likewise well preserved in brandy, rack, or rum; and when arrived at their place of destination they must be washed and sweetened in fresh water for several times, and lastly dipped in the preparing liquor, the plumage laid in order, the attitude given tothe bird by wires, and then dried. Care must be taken to kill the kirds with shot proportioned to their size, and at a reasonable distance, that the specimen may not be mangled and torn. Young birds which have not yet moulted must not be taken ; but old birds in full feather, and, if possible, a specimen of each sex; for the sexes often vary very much in size, feather, and colour. The nests of birds and their eggs would likewise contribute towards perfecting the history of this branch in zoology.” The “]liquor” was thus composed : “ An ounce of Sal Am- moniac, dissolved in a quart of water, in which afterwards two ounces of corrosive sublimate Mercury must be put, or four ounces of Arsenie may be boiled in two quarts or two quarts and a half of water, till all or the greater part of it be dissolved, and the liguor may serve for the same purpose to wash the inside of the skin : then the whole cavity must be stuffed with oakhum or tow, likewise imbibed with the same liquor, afterwards dried and mixed with a powder of four parts of Tobacco-sand, four parts of pounded black Pepper, one part of burnt Alum, and one part of corrosive Sublimate or Arsenie.” No wonder that specimens thus treated fell to pieces in course of time, and it is doubtful whether the birds of Colonel Montagu’s Collection had even this amount of preservative bestowed upon them. Professor Newton can remember old Montague House, as it stood before the present British Museum took its place. Two of our attendants, Mr. Edward Gerrard and Mr. John Saunders, actually served in the time of the old building; and in the old brew-house of the estate, which stood on the west of the present Museum boundary, in Great Russell Street, the coppers were used by them for boiling the skeletons of seals and other large mammals from the Parry, Ross, and Franklin Expeditions. Mr. Saunders tells me that the painted ceilings and wall decora- tions mentioned below were bought, on the demolition of the original house, by the lodge-keeper, a shrewd old man named Sivier, who had been butler to the celebrated Lord Lyndhurst. He re-sold them, and made a good bit of money by the trans- VOL. II. @ 82 Zoology. action. Montague House, where the collections were first installed, was a large mansion, standing in its own grounds, with a high brick wall surrounding it. The oil-paintings which hung in the old Bird-Gallery at Bloomsbury had been on the walls in Montague House, within Mr. Gerrard’s recollection. The specimens were all mounted in cases round the sides of the rooms, as well as in pier-cases and table-cases down the centre of the latter. In 1845 the present British Museum at Bloomsbury was completed, and a large series of birds, forming undoubtedly the best publie gallery of the age, was placed on view. These specimens suffered to some extent from light, but more from soot and dust, which penetrated the wall-cases from behind, the wood-work being split from too close proximity to the coils of the heating apparatus. The Zoologieal Department was only slowly expanded from the days of Sir Joseph Banks. Solander, who accompanied Banks during Cook’s first voyage (1768-71) had been made successively an Assistant, Assistant-Keeper, and Keeper, of the Natural History Departments. Shaw, König, Leach, and Children had succeeded him as Assistant-Keepers and Keepers, and most of them were eflicient and zealous men. In 1824 John Edward Gray became an Assistant, and in 1540 he was made Keeper of the Zoological Department, a post which he held for 34 years. The Assistant in charge of the birds was George Robert Gray, his brother, who entered the Museum in 1831, and was Assistant-Keeper from 1869 to 1872, when he died in harness. During the 34 years that Dr. J. E. Gray reigned over the Zoologieal Department, immense progress in the development of the collections took place,'not merely as the results of surveying voyages, such as those of the Rattlesnake, Erebus and Terror, and many others; but the increase was mostly due to the extra- ordinary energy of Dr. Gray, who set himself the task of making his department the foremost in the world. He has never received full credit for his exertions, for he had to fight against much prejudice within the Museum walls, and when the grants for purchases had been expended, he would freely spend his own money in buying specimens which he deemed to be of importance to the collection. It must be remembered that in the early days of the nineteenth century, England oceupied but a poor position from a zoological standpoint, and France was at the zenith of her fame as regards exploration and the encouragement of science. Paris, Berlin, Leyden, were all increasing their zoological collections, Birds. 83 and England was put to the test to keep pace with the progress of the Continental museums. That this country held its own so well is undoubtedly due to the enthusiasm of John Edward Gray. His brother, George Robert Gray, was a man of a totally different stamp, of much quieter temperament, and not moved to strenuous exertion ; he had, moreover, no acquaintance with the habits of birds, and Professor Newton (Diet. Birds, Intr., p. 30) describes him correctly as a “thoroughly conscientious clerk.” This he certainly was, as he worked assiduously in a clerk-like manner, with a clear comprehension of the compilation of synonymy, but he had no knowledge of birds in life. A story is told of him that, as he was being continually twitted abou! his ignorance of birds in the field, he one day hired a gun, and went into Hertfordshire to shoot birds. He was promptly arrested by a keeper for trespassing. Whether the story be true or merely ben trovato, it is certain that George Gray had a working knowledge of birds from their skins, and during his long connection with the Zoological Department, he became acquainted with all the best Ornithologists >£ his time, so that, as the result of his own and their studies, the British Museum possessed a well-named, if a small, collection of birds. His greatest work was the “Genera of Birds,” published in three folio volumes, long ago out of print and now much enhanced in price. The work was arranged on the old Cuvierian classification, with its rostral system, Tenuirostres, Fissirostres, etc., but the characters of families and genera were detailed, with a list of the species known up to the time of publica- tion. Illustrations were given of the generic characters of birds, most of these being drawn by D. W. Mitchell, who was subse- quently Secretary of the Zoological Society. Mitchell also executed most of the coloured plates for Gray’s work, but a few were done by Josef Wolf, who had not long before come to England, but who was already taking his place as the greatest natural-history artist the world has ever seen. As a Museum curator it is possible that Gray did the collec- tions some harm, but for this the system of management then in vogue was chiefly responsible, even if he cannot be entirely acquitted of a want of judgment. It was the custom, not only in the British Museum, but in every other museum in Europe, to mount every specimen of value in the publie galleries : the more valuable the specimen, the more was it exposed ın the gallery, there to, perish. The idea of the officers in charge of the 02 S4 Zoology. Mammals and Birds was that the public demanded to see all the rare and unique specimens, and it is equally certain that some donors made a great fuss if their specimens were not all exhibited. The consequences were absurd. When I began to unmount the historical specimens in the Bird-gallery, I found in one case eleven specimens of an Eagle, all young birds in the same plumage, and from the same country, mounted in a row, and where one of the birds had lost a leg, the want was supplied by a wire substitute. Not one of the eleven specimens gave a proper idea of the bird in life. In those days there were no explanatory labels, and the public wandered about the galleries, fatigued with the sameness of the exhibitions provided, from which they could learn nothing, nor was any attempt made to teach them. My own experience, as a boy, was that, in the bird-section at least, a student was an unwelcome visitor, and his appearance on the scene resented. This was certainly my own case, for I had always but a short time to spare, as it was seldom that I could get leave of absence from the Zoological Society, even for an hour. I therefore always took the precaution to write to Mr. G. R. Gray two or three days beforehand, to ask him to have the specimens ready for me to compare when I arrived, so that the time of both of us might be saved. These precautions were often useless ; the visitor was informed on arrival that there was a Trustees’ meeting to be prepared for, or some other function intervening, to prevent the Ourator from attending to the visitor, who was then told to see what he could through the glass in the gallery, the Curator arriving with the keys of the cases about half an hour later. When one wanted to examine any unmounted specimens, these were to be found in wooden boxes, a hundred or more skins huddled together, so that it was often necessary to turn out the whole contents of the box on the table to search for a particular specimen. In this way the plumage of the birds was ruflled, the legs and wings torn off, and great injury to the skins resulted. It was undoubtedly this want of management on the part of the Museum Curators that led to the formation of the great private collections in the nineteenth century. It was on these that all the sound ornithological work of this country was based, and no one cared to visit the British Museum, unless he were forced to do so for the purpose of examining some special type or historical specimen. After the publication of his very useful “Handlist of Birds. 8 (Dr! Birds,” in which Gray focussed all his knowledge acquired since the “Genera of Birds” had been published, he conceived the idea of labelling the collection of birds’-skins according to the nomenclature of the “Handlist.” He commenced by having some labels printed with a “ Handlist No.” attached, and he then proceded to tranfer the localities, ete., of the specimens (or what he imagined to be these particulars) from the original labels on to the “ Handlist ” labels, snipping off the collectors’ tickets, which were at the same time destroyed. Only one box of birds had been thus treated by Gray, viz., the genus Pratincola, when his death took place, and the collection was saved! These remarks are not made in any spirit of unkindness, for Gray was no worse than any other curator of his time. At the same period Schlegel was mounting every specimen as it came into the great collection at Leyden, and the same system is pursued to this day in some Museums, so that every specimen, however rare or of historical value, is doomed to destruction: it is only a question of time. A mounted specimen may last six months or fifty years—accord- ing to the precautions which are taken by the oflicers in charge of the museum to exclude the light—but the result is inevitable, and the specimen sooner or later becomes bleached and deteriorated. When I entered the service of the Museum in 1872, Dr. John Edward Gray was still Keeper of the Zoological Department, and Dr. Günther was Assistant-Keeper. A new era in the administration was about to commence The “Catalogue of Birds” was undertaken in a similar form to Dr. Günther’s celebrated “ Catalogue of Fish,” and it is certain that the completion of the Bird Catalogue is due to his excellent management and administration. 'The work took 24 years to complete, and ran to 27 volumes, which were written by eleven different authors, as has been amusingly recorded by Dr. Sclater in the introduction to the “ Avium Generum Index Alphabeticus,” forming vol. ix. of the “ Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club.” “De Catalogi Avium Magni Seriptoribus undecim.” g I ıp ““ Sharpius incepit scripsitque volumina multa ; Seebohmus sequitur, promptus ad auzilium. Teutonicus, zelo plenus, venit inde Gadovus, Salvinusque bonam prsbet amicus opem. Jam Sclaterus adest, tria longa volumina complens Americanarum notus amans avium. 86 Zoology. Expers Hargittus nume Picos ordinat omnes, Hartertusque sagax Cypselidas numerat. Multum etiam pensze Shelleyi profuit ardor, Multum Saundersi mens operosa dedit. Olarus ab Italia jam Salvadorius adstat, Et tandem Grantus fine coronat opus.” When I first came to London, in 1863, I was full of en- thusiasm for ornithology, and by the time that I was appointed the first Librarian of the Zoological Society in 1867, I was already writing my “Monograph of the Alcedinids,” and had occasionally to visit the British Museum to examine types and specimens of rare Kingfishers. No one of the present generation, who visits the Zoological Department at the present time, can have any conception of the diffieulties under which we worked in the days of the old British Museum. At the end of the Egyptian Gallery there was a series of rooms, to which one descended by some downward steps in a dark corner. The rooms in which the members of the Zoological Department worked, had been originally intended for cellars or store-rooms— windows had to be knocked in the walls—and in the gloom of this under- ground dungeon many of the Catalogues of the collections were compiled. In this “ Insect room,” as it was called, the assistants were crowded together, and there was no space for spreading out any series of birds for study. It was under such ceircumstances that the “ Catalogue of 3irds” was begun. Dr. Sclater, in reviewing one of my early volumes of this work, commenced his article as follows (Nature, vol. 16, 1877, pp. 541-542): “I£ the visitor to the British Museum will pause at the foot of the staircase leading up to the Paleontological gallery and look carefully into the obscurity in the right hand corner he will perceive a door with a brass plate on one side of it. On entering this door and descending (with care) a flight of darkened steps, he will find himself in the cellar, which has for many years constituted the workshop of our national zoologists. Two small studies parti- tioned off to the left are assigned to the keeper of the department and his first assistant. The remaining naturalists are herded together in one apartment commonly called the ‘ Insect-room,’ along with artists, messengers, and servants. Into this room is shewn everybody who has business in the Zoological Department of the British Museum, whether he comes as student to examine Birds. 87 the collections, or as a tradesman to settle an account. Amid the perpetual interruptions thus caused, our national zoologist has to pursue his work. “Some of the specimens are here, some in the galleries over- head, and some are stored away in cellars at a still lower depth than that in which he sits at work. The library attached to the department contains merely some of the most obvious books of reference ; all others have to be obtained on loan from the great national depository of books in the centre of the building. No lichts are allowed, and when the fogs of winter set in, the obscurity is such that it is diflicult to see any object requiring minute examination. “ Under these eircumstances, which we trust to see materially altered when the zoological collections are moved to their new home in South Kensington, it is more than creditable to our zoologists that they should have turned out the large amount of seientifie work that has issued from their department of the British Museum during the past thirty years.” The colleetions of Bird-skins were packed in boxes, which were arranged in book-cases, some round the wall of the Assistant-Keeper’s study, others in the dark passage by which the Insect-room was approached. As the collection of big birds increased, larger wooden boxes were provided, which were placed in racks in the same outside passage, and in the recesses behind the Bird-gallery upstairs, each box requiring two men to carry it; but these larger boxes were constructed after Gray’s death, with a view to the transference of the collection from Bloomsbury to South Kensington. Some idea of the increase in the collection of Bird-skins between the years 1872 and 1883 may be gained from the fact that, in the former year, the specimens of Birds of Prey, or Aceipitres, occupied only a few wooden boxes, and were all contained within a single book-case in the Insect-room passage. Eleven years later, when they were removed to South Kensington, these birds occupied 108 boxes, measuring 3x12x 1 ft., each requiring two men to lift it. They now fill thirty great cabinets, extending down one entire side of the Bird-room in the Natural History Museum. I have no exact record of the number of specimens of birds and their eggs which existed in 1872, when I took over the charge of the collections, but I should reckon the mounted birds at about 10,000, the skins and eggs at the most 20,000 more, so that an estimate of the total number of specimens at 35,000 is 88 Zoology. probably excessive. The number at the present day cannot be less than 400,000, including 100,000 egegs. By the time of Dr. Günther’s accession to the Keepership of the Department, a great improvement in the tone of the latter had taken place. The accounts were more regularly kept, and the expenditure of the following financial year was not mortgaged in advance, as had been so often the case in previous years. The new Keeper showed great vigour in ameliorating the condition of the publie galleries, replacing the bleached and faded specimens by well mounted examples. A particular feature of his adminis- tration was the introduction of a series of British birds and their nests, mounted so as to represent the actual surroundings of the latter. This was a scheme which I had always had much at heart, and the first of these natural groups was that of the Coots, which I proeured at Avington Park in Hampshire— parent birds, nest, and eggs—the whole group being presented to the Museum by my old friend, Sir Edward Shelley. A few groups were presented by Mr. Theodore Walker, of Leicester, but the bulk of the birds and nests were obtained for the Museuın by Lord Walsingham, to whom the public owes a deep debt of gratitude. One feature of these exhibitions of “ British birds in their haunts” is not generally known. In each case the scene is as nearly a reproduction of the actual facts as could be attained. The birds that actually built the nest and laid the egss are there, and the bush or tree, the herbage and the flowers, are also reproduced, as they were on the day when the nest was taken. Although America has claimed the services of one of the ladies who did the reproduction of the leaves and flowers, we can still command the services of other clever ladies who are adepts at modelling ° foliage, so that the counterfeit leaves and flowers can scarcely be distinguished from the actual living plants. Dr. Günther determined from the first to reproduce nothing but the actual facts, so as to give, as far as possible, a true life-pieture of the birds as they were in life. Thus specimens in their worn nesting plumage have not been replaced by handsomer birds which did not belong to the actualnest. This much, therefore, can be claimed for the Museum series of British birds and their nests, that the cases represent faithfully the actual conditions as they existed on the day when the nests were discovered. Birds. 89 In the earlier days of the British Museum there does not seem to have been any attempt to issue an authentic Guide-book as to its contents. An anonymous author published a little work in 1761, entitled “The General Contents of the British Museum: with Remarks. Serving asa Directory in viewing that Noble Cabinet.” Two editions of this book (1761, 1762) were printed for R. and J. Dodsley, in Pall Mall. The remarks on the bird collections are of no importance. We.are, therefore, only able to gain some idea of the extent of these early collections from the “ General Synopsis of Birds,” compiled by the celebrated ornithologist, Dr. John Lathbam, of Dartford. In this great work, consisting of three volumes (each in two parts, making six volumes in all), with two Supplements, he describes all the birds known to him, and bestows an English name on each, many of these names being still accepted in popular parlance at the present day. The great value of Latham’s book, as a history, consists in the fact that he indicated the species existing in the British Museum at the end of the 18th century, so that we are able to compile a tolerably complete record of the contents of the Bird-room in the first days of the British Museum. Latham separates Birds into two Divisions, viz. LaAwp Bırps (Vols. i.-ii., 1781-1783), and Water Bıros (Vol. üi., 1785); each volume being in two parts. His object was to give a complete list of known birds, with descriptions and synonymy. He included all the species mentioned by Buffon in his “Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux,” and followed Ray in his primary division of the class into “Land” and “Water” Birds. He also determined to adhere to Linnean Genera, except in a few cases, and proclaimed his scheme in his “ Preface ” (p. iv) as follows :— “In these sheets will be found near four times the number of birds mentioned in the “ Systema Natur®” ; the additions to which will be drawn from the authors which have appeared since that publication, added to a great number of species not mentioned before by anyone. This we shall be enabled to do from the numerous collections in Natural History which have been formed of late years in England, and in which, in course, a multitude of new subjects have been introduced from various parts of the world, but more especially within these few years from the indefatigable researches of those who have made so great dis- coveries in the Southern Ocean.” I0 Zoology. Speaking of the museums of his day, he adds this note —— “ Among these, the magnificent one at Leicester House, formed by Sir Ashton Lever, ought to be particularly mentioned, as likewise the favours received from the inspection of numerous subjects, the produce of the last and the former voyages to the South Seas, in the possession of Jos. Banks, Esq., P.R.S., Soho Square.” “It will be necessary, however, to remark that, on aceount of the uncertainty of the return of the last eircumnavigating ships, the Aceipitrine order, here first published, was printed off before their arrival in England, by which means a few new species of the Falcon genus have been excluded from their place. This has of necessity obliged us to introduce them by means of duplicate pages, marked with an asterisk.” The preface is signed by Latham as from Dartford, on the 1st of January, 1781. The book was published by Benjamin White, the elder brother of Gilbert White. The latter, however, does not seem to have ever met Latham personally, though Latham was acquainted with Pennant, by correspondence at least. It will be seen from the above preface that Latham was specially indebted for some of his descriptions to the Leverian Museum and the Banksian Collections. Some of the species are stated to be in the “Tower Menagerie” and in the “Royal Society’s Museum,” as well as in his own collection. Some field- notes were given to him by Dr. Solander and Dr. Johann Rein- hold Forster, on their return from Capt. Cook’s voyages. The following species are recorded by Latham as being in the British Museum :— DIVISION L LAND BIRDS. King Vulture. Vol. i., p. 7 (=@yparchus papa [L.]). Carrion Vulture, p. 9 (= (Cathartes aura [L.]). Sea-Eagle, p. 30 (= Haliaötus albicilla [L.]). “ This species was also met with in Botany Island by Captain Cook.” The bird observed by the latter must have been an immature Haliaetus leucogaster. Spotted Eagle, p. 38 (= Aquila maculata, Gm.). Ösprey, p. 45 (= Pandion haliaetus [L.]). New Zealand Falcon, p. 57 (=Harpa nove zealandize [Gm.]). Goshawk, p. 58 (= Astur palumbarius [L.]). Birds. gr Kite, p. 64 (= Milvus milvus [L.]). Surinam Falcon, p. 84 (= Falco suflator, L.). Kestril, p. 94 (= Cerchneis tinnunculus [L.]). Sparrow Hawk, p. 99 (= Aceipiter nisus [L.]). Hobby p. 103 (= Falco subbuteo, L.). Orange-breasted Hobby, n. sp., p. 105 (= Falco aurantius, Gm.). Merlin, p. 107 (= Falco xsalon, Tunst.). The species of Owls mentioned by Latham as being in the British Museum were the following :— *Eared Owls. Vol. i., p. 116. Great-Eared Owl, p. 116 (= Bubo bubo [L.]). Red-Eared Owl, p. 123 (= Pisorhina asio [L.]). Short-Eared Owl, p. 124 (= Asio accipitrinus [Pall.]). **With smooth heads. Vol. i., p. 132. Snowy Owl], p. 132 (=Nyctea nyctea [L.)). Cinereous Owl, n. sp., p. 134 (=Scotiaptex cinerea [Gm.])). White Owl, p. 138 (= Strix flammea, L.). Tawny Owl, p. 139 (=Syrnium aluco [L.)). Brown Owl, p. 140 (= Syrnium aluco [L.]). Little Owl, p. 150 (= Athene noctua [Scop.]). In ORDER II., the Pies (Vol. i., part i., p. 153), are men- tioned the following Shrikes as being in the British Museum :— Great Cinereous Shrike, p. 160 (= Lanius exeubitor, L.). Red-backed Shrike, p. 167 (= Lanius collurio, L.). Tyrant Shrike, p. 184 (= Tyrannus pipiri, Vieill.). Pied Shrike, p. 190 (= Thamnophilus doliatus [L.]). Spotted Shrike, p. 190 (= Thamnophilus nevius [Gm.]). }Dusty Shrike, p. 191 (= Lanius obscurus, Gm.). tBrown Shrike, p. 191 (= Lanius fuscus, Gm.). Genus v. PArror. Vol. i., p. 199. With uneven tauls. Blue-bellied Parrot, p. 213 (= Trichoglossus nove hol- landize |Gm.]). Rose-ringed Parrakeet, p. 235 (= Palsornis torquata [ Bodd.]). + These two appear to be species of Formicariide, but they have not as yet been identified. (en) 86) Zoology. With tails even at the end. Vol. i., p. 256. Ash-coloured Parrot, p. 261 (= Psittacus erithacus, L.). White-breasted Parrot, p. 305 (=(aica melanocephala [L.). | Red-headed Guinea Parrakeet, p. 309 (= Agapornis pul- laria [L.]). Sapphire-crowned Parrakeet, p. 312 (= Loriculus galgulus [L). Chestnut-crowned Parrakeet, p. 314 (=Pyrrhura pieta [P.L. S. Müll.)). Purple-tailed Parrakeet, p. 315 (= Urochroma purpurata [Gm.]). Grey-headed Parrakeet, p. 315 (= Agapornis cana [Gm.)). Black-winged Parrakeet, p. 316 (= Urochroma cingulata [Scop. ]). Genus vi. Toucan. Vol.i., pt. i., p. 323. Yellow-breasted Toucan, p. 326 (= Bhamphastos tucanus [Gm.]). Latham’s description agrees well (with the exception of the upper tail-coverts) with Rhamphastos ariel of Vigors (Zool. Journ., ii., p. 466, pl. xv.). Although Latham says that he saw the species in the British Museum, one could almost imagine that he had based his description on Daubenton’s plate, no. 307, “ Toucan @ gorge jaune du Bresil,” a reference to which does not appear in the “Catalogue of Birds.” Still nearer, however, do the plate and description agree with RBRhamphastus osculans, Gould, which must probably be superseded by R. tucanus (Gm.). Green Toucan, p. 331 (= Pteroglossus viridis [L.]). “Toucan verd, de Cayenne,” Daubenton, pl. 727, and “ Femelle du Toucan verd, de Cayenne,” Daubenton, pl. 728. Latham himself quotes these plates of Daubenton. Genus vi. Mornmor. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 337. Brasilian Motmot, p. 338 (= Momotus momota [L.]). Cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 319 (1892). Genus vii. HorxsızL. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 341. Philippine Hornbill, p. 345 (= Dichoceros bicornis [L.]). Cf. Ogilvie Grant, Cat. B., xvii., p. 355. Genus ix. DBEEF-EATER. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 359. de) (6) Birds. Genusx. Anı. Vol.i., pt. i.,p. 360. Lesser Ani, p. 360 (= Crotophaga ani [L.]). Cf. Shelley Cat. B., xix., p. 429 (1891). Genus xi. WATTLE-BIRD. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 364. Genus xii. Crow. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 366. Raven, p. 367 (= Corvus corax, L.). Carrion Crow, p. 370 (=Üorone corone [L.]). Rook, p. 372 (=Trypanocorax frugilegus [L.]). Hooded Crow, p. 374 (= Corone cornix [L.)). Jackdaw, p. 378 (= Coleus monedula [L.]). Jay, p. 384 (=@Garrulus glandarius [L.]). Blue Jay, p. 386 (= Oyanocitta eristata [L.]). Magpie, p. 392 (= Pica pica [L.)). Nuteracker, p. 400 (= Nucifraga caryocatactes [L.]). Red-legged Crow, p. 401 (= Graculus graculus [L.]). Genus xii. ROLLER. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 405. Garrulus Roller, p. 406 (= Coracias garrulus, L.). *Blue Roller, p. 412 (= Coracias eserulea, Gm.). *Ultramarine Roller, p. 413 (=(oracias eyanea, Gm.). Genus xiv. ORIOLE. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 417 (1782). Red-winged Oriole, p. 428 (= Agelzus phoeniceus [L.]). Baltimore Oriole, p. 432 (= Icterus ballimore [L.]). White-winged Oriole, p. 440 (= Tachyphonus melaleucus [Sparrm.], Oriolus leucopterus, Gm., pt.). Black Oriole, p. 445 (= Quiscalus niger [Bodd.)). Golden Oriole, p. 449 (= Oriolus galbula, L.). Genus xv. GRAKLE. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 455. Minor Grakle, p. 455 (= Eulabes religiosus [L.)). Boat-tailed Grakle, p. 460 (= Quiscalus erassirostris [Sw.]). Purple Grakle, p. 462 (= Quiscalus versicolor, Vieill.). Genus xvi. Parapıse Bırpd. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 469. Greater Paradise Bird, p. 471 (= Paradisea apoda |L.]). King Paradise Bird, p. 475 (= (ieinnurus regius [L.]). * These two species are apparently not true Rollers. I have not been able to determine the species with certainty, as the speeimens have perished. 94 Zoology. Genus xvi. Curucvı. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 484. Genus xviii. BARBET. Vol. i., pt. üi., p. 493. Black-spotted Barbet, p. 496 (=Capito niger [P. L. 8. Müll.]). Black-throated Barbet, p. 501 (= Tricholeema leucomelan [ Bodd.]). Bufi-faced Barbet, p. 504 (= Xantholseema hsematocephala [Mull. )). Genus xix. CucKow. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 508. Common Cuckow, p. 509 (= Cueulus canorus, L.). Caroline Cuckow, p. 537 (= Coccyzus americanus [L.]). Genus xx. WRYNEcK. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 547. Wryneck, p. 548 (= Iynx torquilla, L.). Genus xxi. WOODPECKER. Vol. i., pt. ii, p. 550. With three toes. Striped-bellied Woodpecker, p. 563 (? = Ceophleus ery- throps). Greater-spotted Woodpecker, p. 564 (= Dendrocopus major [L). Lesser-spotted Woodpecker, p. 566 (= Dendrocopus minor Yellow-bellied Woodpecker, p. 574 (=Sphyropicus varius [L.). Green Woodpecker, p. 577 (= Geecinus viridis [L.]). Rufous Woodpecker, p. 594 (= Celeus rufus [Gm.]). Gold-winged Woodpecker, p. 597 (= Colaptes auratus [L.]). Northern Three-toed Woodpecker, p. 60 (=Picoides tri- dactylus [L.)). Genus xxiil. JACAMAR. Vol. i., pt. üi., p. 603. Green Jacamar, p. 603 (=@albula viridis, Lath.). Genus xxili. KiInGsFIsHER. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 550. Common Kingsfisher, p. 626 (= Alcedo ispida, L.). Genus xxiv. NuruartcH. Vol. i., pt. üi., p. 647 European Nuthatch, p. 648 (= Sitta europzea, L.) Birds. eo) (>) | Genus xxv. Topy. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 656. Green Tody, p. 637 (= Todus viridis, L.). Cinereus Tody, p. 658 (= Todirostrum einereum |L.]). Dusky Tody, p. 661 (= Contopus virens [L.]). Genus xxvi. BEE-EATER. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 666. Common Bee-eater, p. 667 (= Merops apiaster, L.). Genus xxvii. Hoopor. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 686. Common Hoopoe, p. 687 (=Upupa epops, L.). Genus xxvili. ÜREEPER. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 698. Common Creeper, p. 701 (= Certhia familiaris, L.). Sickle-billed Creeper, p. 705 (= Cinnyris lotenia [L.]). Black and Blue Creeper, p. 724 (= (ereba eyanea [L.)). Cinnamon Creeper, p. 740 (= Synallaxis cinnamomea |Gm.)). Genus xxix. HumnmınG-BIRD. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 744. With eurved bills. Supercilious Humming-bird, p. 744 (= Phaethornis superei- lioosus [L.]). Black-capped Humming-bird, p. 748 (= Aithurus polytmus LI). Mango Humming-bird, var. A, p. 759 (= Lampornis mango [L.]). Harlequin Humming-bird, p. 760 (= Trochilus multicolor [Gm.]). With straight bills. Violet-eared Humming-bird, p. 767 (=Heliothrix auritus [Gm.]). Violet-eared Humming-bird, var. A. Red-throated Humming-bird, p. 769 (= Trochilus colubris, 2): Dusky-crowned Humming-bird, p. 776 (= (lytolsema rubinea [Gm.]). Grey-bellied Humming-bird, p. 778 (= Chrysolampis moschi- tus [L.)). Crested Humming-bird, p. 783 (= Bellona cristata [L.)). Crested Brown Humming-bird, p. 784 (= Trochilus puniceus, Gm.).* * Not referred to in “ Catalogue of Birds.” Zoology. ORDER III. Passerıne. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 1 (1783). Genus xxx. STARE. Vol. ü., pt.i.,p. 1. Common Stare, p. 2 (= Sturnus vulgaris, L.). Crescent Stare, p. 6 (= Sturnella magna |L.]). Genus xxxi. THRrUSH. Vol. ii., pt. i.,p. 13. Missel Thrush, p. 16 (= Turdus viscivorus, L.). Throstle Thrush, p. 18 (= Turdus musieus, L.). Jamaica Thrush, p. 20 (= Turdus jamaicensis, Gm.). Little Thrush, p. 20 (= Turdus fus]). I Flycatcher, p. 357 (= Myiarchus erinitus [L.]). Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, p. 359 (= Myiozetetes cayen- nensis [L.]). Birds. 29 Genus xxxix. LARk. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 367 (1783). Sky-Lark, p. 368 (= Alauda arvensis, L.). Var. B, Dusky Lark, p. 370 (= Alauda arvensis, L.). Wood Lark, p. 371 (= Lullula arborea [L.]). Tit-Lark, p. 374 (= Anthus pratensis [L.)). Shore Lark, p. 385 (= Otocoris alpestris [L.]). Crested Lark, p. 389 (= @alerita cristata [L.]). Genus xl. WacraıL. Vol. ü., pt. ii., p. 394. White Wagtail, p. 395 (=Motacilla alba, L.). Grey Wagtail, p. 398 (= Motacilla melanope, Pall.). Yellow Wagtail, p. 400 (=Motacilla campestris, Pall.). Genus xli. WARBLER. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 404. Nightingale, p. 405 (= Aedon luscinia [L.)). Blackcap, p. 415 (=Sylvia atricapilla [L.]). Babbling Warbler, p. 417 (= Sylvia curruca [L.]). Hedge Warbler, p. 419 (= Accentor modularis [L.]). Black Warbler, p. 427 (=Setophaga ruticilla [L.)). Whitethroat, p. 428 (=Sylvia cinerea [L.)). Yeliow-breasted Warbler, p. 438 (=Geothlypis trichas 2) Redbreast, p. 442 (=Erithacus rubecula [L.]). Blue Warbler, p. 446 (=Sialia sialis [L.]). Whinchat, p. 454 (= Pratineola rubetra [L.)). Wheatear, p. 465 (= Saxicola eenanthe [L.)). Green Indian Warbler, p. 474 (= ZEgithina tiphia [L.)). White-poll Warbler, p. 483 (= Mniotilta varia [L.)). Cayenne Warbler, var. A, p. 503 (= Dacnis cayana [L.)). Cayenne Warbler, var. B, p. 503 (= Dacnis cayana [L.)). Wren, p. 506 (= Anorthura troglodytes [L.]). Wren, var. B, p. 507 (= Thryothorus ludovicianus [Lath.]). Gold-erested Warbler, p. 508 (= Regulus eristatus [L.]). Ruby-crowned Warbler, p. 511 (= Regulus calendula [L.]). Yellow Warbler, p. 512 (= Phylloscopus trochilus [L.]). Yellow Warbler, var. A, p. 513 (= Phylloscopus tristis, Blyth). Yellow-poll Warbler, p. 515 (= Dendreca zstiva [Gm.])). Genus xlii. Manakın. Vol. ii., pt. üi., p. 517. Rock Manakin, p. 518 (= Rupicola crocea, Vieill.). Blue-backed Manakin, p. 520 (= Chiroxiphia pareola [L.) H 2 100 Zoology. Black-capped Manakin, p. 521 (= Chiromachseris manacus [L). White-capped Manakin, p. 523 (= Pipra leucocilla [L.]). White-throated Manakin, p. 524 (= Pipra gutturalis [L.]). Red and Black Manakin, var. A, p. 525 (=Pipra aureola [L.). Cinereus Manakin, p. 533 (=Pachyrhamphus einereus [ Bodd. ]). Genus xliii. Tırmouse. Vol. ü., pt. ü., p. 535. Great Titmouse, p. 536 (= Parus major, L.). Colemouse, p. 540 (= Parus ater, L.). Marsh Titmouse, p. 541 (= Parus palustris, L.). Blue Titmouse, p. 543 (= Parus czeruleus, L.). Crested Titmouse, p. 545 (=Parus cristatus, L.). Long-tailed Titmouse, p. 550 (= ZEgithalus caudatus |L.]). Bearded Titmouse, p. 552 (= Panurus biarmicus [L.]). Genus xliv.. SwALLow. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 560. Chimney Swallow, p. 561 (= Hirundo rustica, L.). White Swallow, var. A, p. 563 (= Hirundo rustica, L.). Martin, p. 564 (= Chelidonaria urbica [L.)). Sand Martin, p. 568 (= Olivicola riparia [L.]). Aoonalashka Swallow, p. 571 (=Hirundo unalashkensis Gm.). Aculeated Swallow, p. 583 ( = Oollocalia fuciphaga, Thunb.). Swift, p. 584 (= Cypselus apus [L.]). Genus xlv. GOATSUCKER. Vol. ii., pt. ü., p. 589. European Goatsucker, p. 593 (= Caprimulgus europzeus, L.). Virginia Goatsucker, p. 595 (= Chordeiles virginianus [Gm.]). ORDER IV. CoLUMBINE. Genus xlvi. PıGEon. Vol. ii., pt. ii. With moderate tails. Shaker Pigeon, p. 611. Carrier Pigeon, p. 613. Great Crowned Pigeon, p. 620 (= @oura coronata [L.]). Ring Pigeon, p. 635 (= Columba palumbus, L.). Triangular-spotted Pigeon, p. 639 (= Columba quinea, L.). Birds. 101 Common Turtle, p. 644 (= Turtur turtur [L.]). Barred Turtle, p. 650 (= @eopelia striata [L.]). Canada Turtle, p. 658 (= Ectopistes migratorius [Catesb. ]). Ground Turtle, p. 659 (= Ühamzepelia passerina [L.]). With long tails. Passenger Pigeon, p. 661 (= Ectopistes migratorius| Catesb.]). ORDER V. GALLINACEOUS. Vol. üi., pt. ii. Genus xlvii. PrAacock. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 668. Crested Peacock, p. 668 (= Pavo cristatus, L.). Variegated Peacock, p. 671 (=Pavo cristatus, L.). Genus xlvii. Turkey. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 676. Domestie Turkey, p. 679 (= Meleagris gallopavo [L.]). Genus xlix. Pınrapo. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 685. Guinea Pintado, p. 685 (= Numida meleagris [L.]). Genus l. Curassow. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 690. Crested Curassow, p. 690 (= (raw globicera, L.). Do. the female, p. 693 (=Crax alector 2). Genus li. PHEASANT. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 697. Domestic Cock, p. 700 (= Gallus gallus [L.)). Frizzled Cock, p. 704 (= Gallus gallus [L.]). Argus Pheasant, p. 710 (= Argusianus argus [L.]). Common Pheasant, p. 712 (= Phasianus colchicus, L.). Painted Pheasant, p. 717 (= Chrysolophus pietus [L.]). Pencilled Pheasant, p. 719 (=@ennzeus nycthemerus [L. |). Genus li. Tınmamov. Vol. ii., pt. üi., p. 724. Genus lii. Grous. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 728. With four toes. Black Grouse, p. 733 (= Lyrurus tetrix [L.)). Shoulder-Knot Grouse, p. 737 (= Bonasa umbellus [L.]). Ruffed Grouse, p. 738 (= Bonasa umbellus [L.]). Ptarmigan Grouse, p. 741 (= Lagopus lagopus [L.]). 102 Zoology. Genus liv. PArTRIıDGE, Vol. üi., pt. üi., p. 755. With four toes. Cape Partridge, p. 757 (= Francolinus capensis [Gm.]). Francolin Partridge, p. 759 (=Francolinus francolinus L.)). en Partridge, p. 762 (=Perdix perdix [L.]). Guernsey Partridge, p. 768 (=Caccabis rufa [L.].) Green Partridge, p. 777 (= Rollulus roulroul [Scop. ]). Maryland Partridge, p. 778 (== Orty« virginianus [L.]). Common Quail, p. 779 (= Coturnix coturnix [L.]). Chinese Quail, p. 783 (= Excalfactoria chinensis [L.]). Genus lv. TRUMPETER. Vol. ü., pt. üi., p. 793. Genus lvi. Busrarnd. Vol. ii., pt. ü., p. 796. Great Bustard, p. 796 (=Otis tarda [L.]). Thick-kneed Bustard, p. 806 (= (Edicnemus dienemus [L.]). ORDER VI. STRUTHIOUS. Genus Ivii. Dopo. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 1 (1785). Genus Iviii. OsrtrıcH. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 6. Genus lix. CassowAryY. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 10. DIVISION II. WATER BIRDS. Orper VII. With cloven feet. Genus lx. Spooxsgizr. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 13. White Spoonbill, p. 13 (= Platalia leucorodia [L.]). Genus Ixi. SCREAMER. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 18. Genus Ixil. JABIRU. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 22. Genus Ixiii. BoAr-BıLL. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 25. us Ixivv. UMBRE. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 30. Birds. 103 Genus lxv. Heron. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 32. Crowned Heron, p. 34 (= Balearica pavonina [L.]). Demoiselle Heron, p. 35 (= Anthropoides virgo [L.]). Indian Crane, var. A, p. 39 (=@rus antigone [L.]). White Stork, p. 47 (= Oiconia ciconia [L.]). Bittern, p. 56 (= Botaurus stellaris [L.)). Green Heron, p. 68 (= Butorides virescens [L.]). Cinnamon Heron, p. 77 (= Ardetta cinnamomea [Gm.]). Common Heron, male, p. 83 (= Ardea cinerea, L.). Little Egret, p. 90 (= @arzetta garzetta [L.]). Great White Heron, p. 91 (= Herodias alba [L.]). Little White Heron, p. 93 (?=Dichromanassa rufa [ Bodd.]). Genus Ixvi. Isıs. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 104. Scarlet Ibis, p. 106 (= Eudocimus ruber [L.]). Bald Ibis, p. 116 (= @eronticus calvus [Bodd.]). Genus Ixvii. CurLew. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 119. Common Curlew, p. 119 (= Numenius arquatus [L.]). Esquimaux Curlew, p. 125 (= Numenius borealis [Forst.]). Genus Ixvii. SnIpE. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 128. Woodeock, p. 129 (= Scolopax rusticula [L.)). Common Snipe, p. 134 (= Gallinago gallinago [L.]). Jack Snipe, p. 136 (= Limnoeryptes gallinula [L.]). Red Godwit, p. 142 (= Limosa lapponica [L.]). Common Godwit, p. 144 (= Limosa lapponica [L.]). Green-Shank, p. 147 (= @lottis nebularius [Gunner.]). Redshank, p. 150 (= Totanus calidris [L.]). Genus lxix. SANDPIPER. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 158. Ruff, p. 159 (= Pavoncella pugnax [L.)). Swiss Sandpiper, p. 167 (= Squatarola helvetica [L.]). Common Sandpiper, p. 178 (= Tringoides hypoleucus |L.]). Dunlin, p. 185 (= Pelidna alpina [L.]). Genus Ixx. PLovEr. Vol. iüi., pt. i., p. 192. Golden Plover, p. 193 (= Charadrius pluvialis [L.]). Long-legged Plover, p. 195 (= Himantopus himantopus [L.)). 104 Zoology. Noisy Plover, p. 199 (= Oxyechus vociferus [L.]). Ringed Plover, p. 201 (= Egialitis hiaticola [L.]). Spur-winged Plover, p. 213 (= Hoplopterus spinosus [L.]). Genus Ixxi. OYSTER-CATCHER. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 219. Pied Oyster-catcher, p. 219 (= Hiematopus ostralegus [L.]). Genus Ixxii. PrArincoLe. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 222. Genus Ixxii. Raır. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 226. Water Rail, p. 227 (= Rallus aquaticus [L.]). Black Rail, p. 236 (= Limnocorax niger [Gm.]). Genus Ixxiv. JAacana. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 241. Chestnut Jacana, p. 241 (=Jacana jacana [L.]). Variable Jacana, p. 244 (= Asareia variabilis [L.]). Genus Ixxv. GALLINULE. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 249. Crake Gallinule, p. 250 (= Crex cerex |L.]). Purple Gallinule, p. 254 (= Porphyrio porphyrio [L.]). Common Gallinule, p. 258 (= Gallinula chloropus [L.]). Crested Gallinule, p. 267 (= Fulica ceristata [Gm.]). tenus Ixxvi. SHEATHBILL. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 268. OrDER VII. With pinnated feet. Genus Ixxvi. PHALAROPE. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 270. Genus Ixxvii. Coor. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 275. Common Coot, p. 275 (=Fulica cristata |Gm.]). Genus Ixxix. GREBE. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 280. Crested Grebe, p. 281 (= Podicipes cristatus [L.]). Eared Grebe, p. 285 (= Podicipes nigricollis, Brehm.). Little Grebe, p. 289 (= Podicipes fluviatilis, Tunst.). ORDER IX. Web-footed. With long legs. Genus Ixxx. Avocer. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 293. Scooping Avocet, p. 293 (=Recurvirostra avocetta, L.). Birds. 105 Genus Ixxxi. COURIER. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 298. Genus Ixxxii. Framınco. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 299. Red Flamingo, p. 299 (= Phonicopterus roseus, Pall.). With short legs. Genus Ixxxiii. AupBarross. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 304. Wandering Albatross, p. 304 (=_Diomedea exulans, L.). Yellow-nosed Albatross, p. 309 (= Thalassogeron chloro- rhynchus |Gm.]). Genus Ixxxiv. Auk. Vol. ii., pt. i.,p. 3ll. Pufin Auk, p. 314 (=Fratercula arctica [L.]). Labrador Auk, p. 318 (= Fratercula arctica [L.]). Razor-bill, p. 319 (= Alca torda, L.). Black-billed Auk, p. 320 (= Alca torda, L.). Genus Ixxxv. GuILLEemorT. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 329 (1785). Foolish Guillemot, p. 329 (= Uria troile [L.]). Black Guillemot, p. 332 (= Uria grylle [L.]). Genus Ixxxvi. Diver. Vol. iüi., pt. üi., p- 337. Northern Diver, p. 337 (= Colymbus glacialis, L.). Imber Diver, p. 343 (= Colymbus glacialis, L.). Speckled Diver, p. 341 (=(olymbus septentrionalis, L.). Red-throated Diver, p. 244 (= (olymbus septentrionalis, L.). Genus Ixxxvi. SKIMMER. Vol. iii., pt. ü., p. 347. Black Skimmer, p. 347 (= Rhynchops nigra, L.). Genus Ixxxviii. Term. Vol. iii., pt. ü., p. 349. Caspian Tern, var. A, p. 351 (= Hydroprogne caspia [Pall.]). Caspian Tern, var. B, p. 351 (=Hydroprogne caspia [Pall.]). African Tern, p. 354 (=Sterna cantiaca, Gm.). Common Tern, p. 361 (=Sterna fluviatilis, Naum.). Lesser Tern, p. 364 (=Sterna minuta, L.). Chinese Tern, p. 365 (=Sterna sinensis, Gm.). Black Tern, p. 366 (= Hydrochelidon nigra [L.]). Genus Ixxxix. GurL. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 369. Wagel Gull, p. 375 (=Larus marinus, L.). Zoology. Genusxc. PETREL. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 395. Giant Petrel, p. 396 (=Ossifraga gigantea [Gm.]). Pintado Petrel, p. 401 (= Daption capensis [L.]). Cinereus Fulmer, p. 405 (= Priofinus einereus [Gm.]). Shearwater Petrel, p. 375 (= Pufiinus kuhli | Boie]). Snowy Petrel, p. 408 (= Pagodroma nivea [Gm.)). Stormy Petrel, p. 411 (= Procellaria pelagica, L.). Blue Petrel, p. 415 (= Halobzena czerulea [Gm.)). Pacific Petrel, p. 416. Dusky Petrel, p. 416 (= Pufinus obscurus [Gm.])). Genus xci. MERGANSER. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 418. Goosander, p. 418 (=Merganser castor [L.]). Dun-Diver, p. 420 (= Merganser castor [L.]). Red-breasted Merganser, p. 423 (= Merganser serrator L.j). ae Merganser, p. 426 (= Lophodytes cucullatus [L.]). Smew, male, p. 428 (= Mergus albellus, L.). Minute Merganser, p. 429 (= Mergus albellus, L.). Genus xcii. Duck. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 431. Mute Swan, p. 436 (=Cygnus olor Gm.). Bustard Goose, p. 440 (= (loephaga magellanica [Gm.]). Chinese Goose, p. 447 (= Oygnopsis cygnoides [L. ]). Canada Goose, p. 450 (=Branta canadensis [L.]). Black Duck, p. 479 (= (Edemia perspieillata [L.]). Harlequin Duck, p. 484 (= Cosmonetta histrionica [L.]). Mallard, p. 489 (= Anas boscas [L.]). Tame Duck, p. 494 (= Anas boscas [L.]). Black-billed Whistling Duck, p. 499 (= Dendrocygna arborea [L.]). Shieldrake, p. 504 (= Tadorna cornuta [L.]). Shoveler, p. 509 (=Spatula clypeata |L.]). Common Wigeon, p. 518 (= Mareca penelope [L.]). Pintail Duck, p. 526 (= Dafila acuta [L.)). Buffel-headed Duck, p. 533 (= Clangula albeola [L.]). Golden-eye Duck, p. 535 (= (langula glaucion [L.]). Tufted Duck, p. 540 (= Fuligula fuligula [L.)). Summer Duck, p. 546 (= #x sponsa |L.]). Garganey, p. 550 (= Querquedula eircia [L.]). Common Teal, p. 551 (= Nettion crecca [L.)). Birds. 107 Genus xcii. Pınavin. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 559. Crested Pinguin, p. 561 (= Catarrhactes chrysocome [ Forst. ]). Patagonian Pinguin, p. 563 (= Aptenodytes patagonica | Forst. ]). Cape Pinguin, p. 566 (= Spheniscus demersus [L.]). Genus xeiv. PrLıican. Vol. üi., pt. ii., p. 574. Great White Pelican, p. 575 (= Pelecanus onocrotalus, L.). Brown Pelican, p. 580 (= Pelecanus fuscus, Gm.). Rough-billed Pelican, p. 586 (=Pelecanus erythrorhynchus, Gm.). Me Shag, p. 606 (= Phalacrocorax africanus, Gm.). Gannet, p. 608 (=Sula bassana [L.]). Genus xcv. Trorıc Bırp. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 615. Common Tropic Bird, p. 615 (= Phaethon zethereus, L.). Genus xcvi. DARTER. Vol. iii., pt. ii.,.p. 622. Black-bellied Darter, var. A, p. 624 (=Plotus anhinga, L.). Surinam Darter, p. 626 (= Plotus surinamensis, Gm.). In the first “ Supplement ” to the “ General Synopsis” (1787) a few species are added, the following being in the British Museum. Plaintive Vulture, p. 4 (= Polyborus tharus, Molina)). Dubious Parrot, p. 62 (=Psittacus dubius, Lath.). Of. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p. 612. South-Sea Raven, p. 75 (=(orvultur albicollis, Lath.). Black Roller, p. 85 (= (ryptorhina afra, L.). African Roller, p. 86 (= Eurystomus afer, Lath.). Doubtful Barbet, p. 96 (= Lybius dubius, Gm.). African Creeper, var. C, p. 127 (= (innyris afra, L.). Ash-bellied Creeper, p. 130 (= Nectarinia famosa, L.). Red-winged Chatterer, p. 146 (=(ampophaga pheenicea, Lath.). Flammeous Flycatcher, p. 171 (= Pericrocotus flammeus, Forst.). African Pheasant, p. 210 (=Schizorhis africana, Lath.). Of additional interest to Latham’s published works, which give us an idea of the contents of the bird-cases in the British Museum in the latter half of the eighteenth century, is the naming of certain Australian birds in the “Supplements” to the “Synopsis” and to the “ Index Ornithologieus.” Up tothe present 108 Zoology. time, it has never been known where Latham obtained the material for describing so many Australian, or, as they were then called, “New Holland,” birds. In 1902 the Museum acquired from Mr. James Lee, a grand- son of the famous horticulturist of Hammersmith, a large volume of paintings executed for the latter by one of his collectors, Thomas Watling, between 1788 and 1792. These drawings had evidently been shown to Latham, who named most of the birds, and seems to have referred to these pictures as “Mr. Lambert’s Drawings.” They do not seem, however, to have been Lambert’s property at any time. The types of Latham’s species are, in fact, founded on these drawings of Watling’s. The collector was sent to New South Wales by Mr. Lee, and some of the illustrations in White’s “ Journal of a Voyage to N.S. Wales in 1790” were drawn by Watling, who refers to White in his volume of paintings.. (Cf. Hist. Coll. Brit. Mus. (N H.), i., p. 52 (Libraries). Mr. James Britten, who has examined the series of drawings, has published the following interesting note (Journ. Botany, xl., p- 302 (1902)): “The British Museum has lately acquired a very interesting volume containing drawings in colour of the animals and plants of Australia, made by Thomas Watling in 1788-1792. Watling was sent out by James Lee of Hammer- smith (from whose great-grandson, bearing the same names, the collection was purchased), with a view to obtaining material for a book on the natural history of the country. “Apart from its contents, the volume is interesting on account of the light which it throws upon an entry on p. 253, vol. i., of Dryander’s ‘Catalogue of the Banksian Library ’: this runs, ‘Volumen foliorum 70, continens figuras animalium et plantarum pictas quas in Nova Cambria prope Port Jackson delineavit Edgar Thomas Dell.’ “Im Banks’ copy the last four words are struck out, and a comparison of the volume with the one acquired from Mr. Lee shows that it is the work of the same artist. Watling was acquainted with John White (‘ Surgeon-General to the Settle- ment’), who sent plants to Smith, and published in 1790 his ‘Journal of a Voyage to New South Wales’; one or two of Watling’s drawings were executed for White. “The newly acquired volume contains several views of Sydney which are of great interest.” Birds. 109 Attached to the drawings of birds is a list of the species, with the following announcement, probably in the handwriting of Mr. James Lee himself: “This Catalogue was wrote by Dr. Latham, author of the ‘General Synopsis of Birds.’ ” The following is a list of the Drawings as determined by Latham himself, and bearing his handwriting :— 1. Bold Vulture, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 10, no. 10 (1802). Vultur audax, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. ii. (1801). Latham copies Watling’s original note about the native name being “ Boora-morang” (Watling writes it “ Boo-ro-ma-rang ”), and also about the bird sometimes attacking natives, but he says not, one word about Watling or James Lee in the text of his book, nor can I so far find any evidence of his giving credit to either of them as the source of his information. The bird is drawn holding a fish under its foot, and might be mistaken for a young Haliaetus leucogaster, but on comparing the sketeh with specimens, it is evidently intended for a Wedge-tailed Eagle, as is also shewn by its feathered legs. Latham says that “the size of this bird is uncertain.” Watling generally gives the size of his birds, but on this pieture he gives a scale, which shows that the specimen was about three feet long. 2. Pondicherry Eagle. Qu. new species. Latham, Gen. Syn., il., p. 32. Latham refers to Watling’s two drawings of the White- breasted Brahminy Kite, and as before appropriates his notes without stating his authority. Thus: “A bird seemingly of this last kind [Pondicherry Eagle] is found in New Holland, in which the head, neck, and belly are pure white, without any streaks.” On Watling’s plate Latham has written: “ Probably this should be made a distinet species.” Watling’s note is as follows: “ The stomach of the bird when taken was full of egg-shells.” 3. Ditto. This second picture of the Brahminy Kite has the following note by Watling: “The Natives call this Bird Girrenera. This hawk lives a good deal on Fish, which most of that genus do that inhabit New South Wales, where there are several varieties, the likeness of this kind is strongly imitated ” [%.e. that he has made a good portrait of the bird. Latham had evidently seen the pictures and notes of Watling when he wrote the “ Supplement ” to the “ General Synopsis.” 4. Painting of an Elanus, with the following note by the artist: “Natural size. The head of this drawing is rather too ' 110 Zoology. large and long, the bill should be smaller and more rounded in towards the breast. I had the bird alive three months, and fed it on small birds and fish, &e.” Nos. 5, 6. Two more paintings of an Elanus, one-half and one-third natural size. “Native name Geo-ga-rack.” Latham founds on this description his Axillary Falcon (Suppl. to Gen. Synopsis, ii., p. 42). He says that it “inhabits New Holland, but is not very common. The specimen from which the above description was taken, was caught alive, and kept for ten months, being fed with small birds, fish, &c.” This note is taken from Watling’s MSS., but is not acknowledged. This pieture becomes the type of Latham’s Axillary Falcon ( = Falco azillaris, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. ix.). 7. Represents an Zlanus, which Latham, in his MS. list, places as a variety of his Axillary Falcon, which is probably the case. 8. Is also considered by Latham to be a variety of his Falco azxillaris, but in reality it is a small figure of Haliaötus leucogaster (Gm.). This latter name is founded on the White-bellied Eagle, n. sp., of Latham (Gen. Syn., i., pt. i., p. 33*), where we read: “This bird was brought to England in one of the last circum- navigating ships, and is now in the Leverian Museum Its native place is unknown.” 9. An Owl. This picture of Watling’s formed the subject of Latham’s description of his— Winking Falcon, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 53. Falco connivens, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xii. Ninox connivens (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 175. Latham does not acknowledge the origin of his description, merely adding : “ Inhabits New Holland, but no history annexed, further than that it has wonderful faculty of contracting and dilating the iris; and that the native name is ‘ Goora-a-Gang.’” These notes he has copied from Watling’s MS., which, however, gives the native name as “Goo-ree-a-gang.” He also writes: “This Bird has a wonderfull power of contracting and dilating the iris and pupil.” The picture is, therefore, the type of Ninox connivens. x 10. “New Falcon.” On this picture is founded the description of Latham’s Radiated Falcon, and the figure given by him is adapted from Watling’s picture. Thus the latter becomes the type of * Of. Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p. 117. Birds. En Radiated Falcon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 53, pl. exxi. Falco radiatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xii. Urospizias radiatus, Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p. 159. Erythrotriorchis radiatus, Sharpe, Handl. B.,i., p. 254. Watling has given the following MS. note :—“ This bird measures from the top of the head to the end of the tail 22 in., and from the tip of one wing to the other 4 feet. Iris doubtful. A new Falcon.” ll. Another painting of the Radiated Falcon, to which is attached the following note by Watling :—“ The skin of this bird I found nailed up to a settler’s hut. It is the only one of the kind ever seen. The drawing is a faithful copy. The settler who shot it says the iris was brown, and remarked that he never saw any bird fly with such swiftness. Its claws, which were long, small, and sharp when he took it up, it drove quite through the end of his fingers. A new Falcon. This bird measures from the bill to the extremity of the tail twenty-four inches.” It will be seen that Latham copied the notes, but did not say who had written them. 12. A picture of a young Hobby and the type of Latham’s Lunated Falcon, as follows :— Lunated Falcon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 54. Falco lunatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xiii. “]Inhabits New Holland, and was taken in March. Native name @oo-roo-wang.” This native name is copied from Watling’s MS., but I cannot find any record of the time of year when the bird was shot. 13. Pacifie Falcon, Lath., Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 54. Falco pacificus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xiii. I am unable to identify the bird here figured. It has a white head and neck. Upper surface dark brown, “blotched on the back with dark spots, and marked on the belly (which is paler than above and inclining to yellow) with black streaks. The tail is long, even at the end, crossed with seven or eight black bars, the quills also barred as the tail, with the ends black.” This is a good description of the painting, but Icannot find any Australian bird of prey which corresponds with it. Watling’s original note is as follows :—“ This bird is not common in New South Wales. The only one shot, though others have been seen of the same kind.” The only species which it could possibly resemble might be a young Falco hypoleucus, but our specimens in the Museum do not favour the idea. 112 Zoology. Nos. 14, 15. Fair Falcon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 54. Falco celarus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xiii. These two figures seem to be undoubtedly intended for Astur cinereus,* though in the “ Catalogue” I referred Latham’s “ Fair Faleon” to A. novse hollandie. This must be a mistake, but the figures are by no means a good representation of A. cinereus, over which Latham’s name will take precedence, and the species must be called Astur clarus (Lath.). Nos. 16 and 17. Dark Falcon, Lath. MS. ; xd., Gen. Hist. B., i., p- 231 (1821). There are now no pictures in the book corresponding to these numbers, which are given in Latham’s MS. list. No. 18. Ash-headed Falcon, Lath. MS. ; id., Gen. Hist. B., i., p. 219 (1821). This is a good figure of Astur approximans, but does not seem to have received a Latin name from Latham. No. 19. Hooded Falcon, Latham MS. This is Falco melanogenys, Gould. Latham does not seem to have given a Latin name to the drawing. Watling’s MS. note is: “ Half the natural size. It lives on small birds and fish, &e.” No. 20. Lacteous Eagle, Lath. [MS.]; Gen. Hist. B., i., p. 216 (1821). This is evidently Astur nove hollandize (Gm.), founded on the New Holland White Eagle of Latham’s Gen. Synopsis, i., p. 40 (1781). The latter seems to have procured the description of the bird from Dr. J. R. Forster. No specimen was in the British Museum at the time. “ Name @o0-loo-bee ” (Watling.) No. 21. New Holland Sparrow Hawk, Latham [MS.]; Gen. Hist. B., i., p. 223. (1821). “Same asNo. 22. Small Hawk. Two-thirds the natural size.” This is a representation of an adult Aceipiter evrrhocephalus (V ieill.). No. 22. New Holland Sparrow Hawk, Latham MS. “One- third natural size. Native name @0o-roo-ing. It is not a very common Hawk in New South Wales. A dark variety of the New Holland Sparrow Hawk, No. 21.” The bird is really Astur approximans. No. 23. Barn Owl in Latham’s MS. list, but no figure now in the book. No. 24. Owl. Boobook Owl, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 64. Strix boobook, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xv. Ninox boobook (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 168 (1875). * (f. Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p. 117. Birds. 1% Watling’s note is: “ This bird is about the size of the common English owl. Native name Boo-book.” The figure is the type of the species, Latham’s name having been founded upon it. No. 25. White-faced Owl, Latham [MS.] ; öd., Gen. Hist. B., i., p. 334 (1821). This is Strix delicatula, Gould. Watling’s note : “ One-third natural size. Native name Boo-book.” No. 26. Hook-billed Shrike, var. A, of Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 70. Lanius eurvirostris, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 72. This is a Cractieus, and seems to be Ü. leucopterus, Gould. It has, of course, nothing to do with Lanius curvirostris of Linnzus, which is a Vanga from Madagascar. Watling’s note is: “ Two-thirds natural size. Native name Karro-bee-rang.” No. 27. Clouded Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 73. Lanius torquatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xviii. This figure is the type of Lanius torquatus, Lath., which has generally been referred to Cracticus destructor. Dr. Gadow considered the description of the Clouded Shrike to be insufficient for recognition. There can, however, be no doubt that the identification is correct, and L. torquatus becomes a synonym of (. destructor, as was determined by Gray, Cabanis, and other good ornithologists. Watling’s note: “ This drawing is about the natural size.” No. 28. Robust Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü., p. 74. Lanius robustus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xviii. This seems to me to be intended for Graucalus melanops (Lath.), founded on the Black-faced Crow of Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 116. One of “ Lambert’s drawings ” is described by him, and in his Supplement to the “Index Ornithologicus” he gives it the name of Corvus melanops, having apparently forgotten that he had described it previously from Watling’s Drawings as Lanius robustus.. The name should therefore be Graucalus robustus, though, as the two birds are described in the same work, it may not be deemed expedient to enforce a priority of only a few pages. Watling’s note is merely “natural size.” No. 29. Erect Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 74. Lanius erectus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xviii. This looks like a black-headed Pachycephala, but it has a pale yellowish bill, a white throat, greenish back, and pale yellow under-surface. I have not been able to identify the species. voL. IH. 1 114 Zoology. No. 30. Yellow-bellied Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn.,Suppl. üi., p. 75. Lanius flavigaster, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xix. “Natural size. Native name Wee-bung. It is not a common bird, and it drives all smaller birds from its neighbourhood ” (Watling MS.). This looks like a yellow-bellied Pachycephala, but it has no black pectoral collar, and I cannot identify the figure with any known Australian species. No. 31. Frontal Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 75. Lanius frontatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xviii. Faleunculus frontatus, Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 173. Watling’s note : “One half the natural size. Not a common bird. The tongue is a little bifid.” No. 32. Frontal Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü., p. 75, pl. 122. Watling’s note: “Natural size. Supposed to be the male of No.2. It is a rare bird, never seen but in the cold or winter months. It is found near water, and often feeding on the seed of reeds in marsh or wet grounds.” No. 33. White-eared Shrike, Lath. [MS.]; Gen. Hist. B., ii., p- 76 (1822). This drawing and the next are apparently meant for Faleun- culus frontatus, but they are given a large white patch on the ear-coverts instead of a double band of white above and below the latter. The double band is correct, and no such bird as the “ White-eared Shrike” has been found by me. Watling’s note : “ Two-thirds the natural size. Native name Tattanan.” No. 34. White-eared Shrike, Lath. MS. [= No. 33]. Watling's note says only : “ Natural size.” No. 35. Red-breasted or Blue-bellied Parrot, Lath., Gen. Syn., i., pp. 212 and 213. Psittacus hsematodus, Lath., Ind. Orn., i.,p. 87 (nec Linn.). Trichoglossus novee hollandizse (Gm.), Salvad., Cat. B., xx., PT. Watling’s note: “Native name Goevil. This Parrot has a fine white tongue like the drawing No. 300 [= 36 of the volume], Psittacus hsematodus var. ; called the Blue-bellied Parrot, see Latham, Syn.” Nos. 36 and 37. Two-thirds the natural size. Red-breasted Parrot, Lath. Watling’s note: “ Native name is G@oo-veel.” These three drawings are evidently intended for the same species. Birds. 115 No. 38. Nonpareil Parrot, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii, p- 85. Psitiacus eximius, Shaw, Nat. Mise., pl. 93 (1792); Lath., ind."Orn., Suppl., p. xxi. Platycercus eximius (Shaw), Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 551. No. 39, which, according to the list of plates, is another figure of the Nonpareil Parrot, is missing, as is also No. 40, which is said to be the same as No. 41. No. 41. Small Parrakeet, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 88. Psittacus pusillus, Shaw, in “ White’s Voyage to New South Wales,” p. 262, pl. 48 (1790). Glossopsittacus pusillus, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 71. No. 42, given in the list as the Ground Parrot of Latham (Pezoporus formosus, Lath.), is missing. No. 43. Crimson-fronted Parrot, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 87. Psittacus concinnus, Shaw, Nat. Misc., iüi., pl. 87 (1791). Glossopsittacus concinnus, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 69. No. 44. Red-shouldered Parrakeet, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., P230: Psittacus discolor, Shaw, in White’s Voy. N.S.W., p. 263, pl. 49 (1790). Nanodes discolor, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 592. The bird, according to Watling’s note, is of the “natural size.” Nos. 45 and 46. These plates are missing, but are given in Latham’s MS. list as figures of the Pennantian Parrot of Latham, Gen. Syn, Suppl.i; p. 61 (1787). Psittacus elegans, Gm., Syst. Nat., i., p. 318 (1788). Platycercus elegans, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 541. No. 47. Turcoisine Parrot, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 89. Psittacus pulchellus, Shaw, Nat. Misc., pl. 96 (1792). Neophema pulchella, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 575. Although Latham says that he described this Parraquet from the drawings of Mr. Lambert, and apparently from a specimen in the collection of General Davies, he makes use of Watling’s note, which is as follows: “ The two centre tail feathers are entirely green, the two next have a little yellow on the tips or points, which increases in all the tail feathers, until the two outer ones on each side are perfectly yellow ; from the centre or two green feathers, the five others on each side regularly decrease in length. This is a rare bird in N.>. Wales, is of short flight, 1,5% 116 Zoology. never seen in more than pairs, and oftener seen on the ground than perched on trees. The feathers of the head and shoulder of the wing are of the most brilliant lightest azure. The strongest quill feathers are equal as to clearness of colour, but of a middling deep mazarine blue, tipped with black. The whole of the bird’s colours are delightful, but these most especially the best artist must ever despair of equalling. About a third the natural size.” No. 48. Scarlet and Green Parrot, a young female. Aprosmictus ceyanopygius (Vieill.), Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 486. No. 49. Scarlet and Green Parrot. Male. In the “ General History of Birds,” vol. ii., p. 116, Latham refers tothe native name “ Wellat” of Watling’s MS. note, which reads :—“ Half the natural size. Native name Wellat.” No. 50. Scarlet and Green Parrot, var. or young male. No. 51. Scarlet and Green Parrot. Latham’s MS. Watling’s note: “Female of No. 2. Half the natural size. Native name Wellat.” No. 52. Banksian Cockatoo, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 91-first. Psittacus banksii, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 107 (1790). Calyptorhynchus banksii, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 109. Latham’s description of this figure is as follows: “ The first is black, except a large yellow patch under each eye, the base of all but the two middle tail-feathers buff, dotted with black ; bill and legs pale; not common.” He makes allusion to the drawings from New Holland, and had evidently Watling’s pictures in his mind. He appears to have founded his “ varieties” of the Banksian Cockatoo on the same figures and notes of Watling, who gives the following note: “From the tip of the beak to the tip of the tail 2 feet 8 inches. Native name Karratt. All the varieties of the black Cockatoos are so called ; this is the most uncommon bird.” No. 53. Banksian Cockatoo, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 92, no. 3. Watling’s note: “Native name Karratt. ÖOne-fourth the natural size.” This figure is described by Latham : “ Thirdly, witkout the yellow patch under the eye; but the black plumage sprinkled with yellow dots; the tail erimson, barred with black, just as in the Supplement to my ‘ Synopsis.’ ” Birds. lalrı No. 54. Banksian Cockatoo, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., Bz2L (91), var. B. The description given by Latham of this figure is as follows: “This is 23 inches in length ; bill as in the last (lead colour), the base of it hid in the feathers ; head, neck, and under parts of the body dull brown, margined on the crown and nape with olive; the body above, the wings and tail glossy black ; all but the two middle feathers of the last crimson in the middle, but not banded with black.” Watling’s note: “The length of this bird from the top of his head to the tip of his tail 2 feet 5 inches ; the extent of the wings from tip to tip 4 feet. Native name Karrott. The most common genus in New South Wales.” No. 56. Banksian Cockatoo, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iı., p- 92, no. 4. Latham’s description of this figure is as follows : “ Fourthly, the yellow patch under the eye composed of pale streaked feathers ; side tail-feathers deep buff yellow, mottled with brown ; fore part of the neck and breast marked with pale yellow buff erescents.” Watling’s note is: “Native name Karrott. A rare genus. Half the size nature.” No. 57. Seythrops novee hollandiz, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 141 (1790) ; Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 330. Watling’s note: “The native name @oe-re-e-gang. This singular bird is by no means numerous about us, even in the months that it is seen, which are only three or four times in a year. It generally makes its appearance in October, and is seldom seen unless in the mornings and evenings; they are sometimes seen seven or eight together but oftener in pairs ; both on the wing and when perched they make a strange loud screaming noise, not unlike that made by the common cock or hen, when they perceive a hawk or any other bird of prey hovering over them. Their errand to this part of New South Wales seems to be merely for the purpose of pairing, building their nests, and bringing forth their young, which when done concludes their visit, and they migrate or depart to some other quarter about January ; where they frequent the other part of the year we know not. In the crop and gizzard of several which I shot I found the seeds of the red gum and peppermint trees, which I believe to be their principal food. The bill, which is strong, horny, and pointed, is well adapted for breaking and 118 Zoology. dividing the capsules, as is the tongue, which is small and pointed, and of a hard cartilaginous substance, for picking out the seeds. In some of their stomachs I found the capsule or peri- carpium whole, which they not unfrequently swallow without waiting to pick out the seeds. I have also found in their stomachs the wings and legs of some kinds of beetles, but in a quantity that bore no proportion to the capsule and seed already spoken of. The bill (whose upper mandible is very pointed and round or bent at the extremity lapping over the under) and legs are of a lead colour, the former rather inclining to a brown ; the toes are placed two forward and two behind, the two hind ones opening so as to admit the two before to be placed between them when the [bird] is sitting or perched on a limb or branch ef a tree not too large for the toes to grasp or go round. The bird from which this drawing is taken was a female with a very distinet ovarium, but the eggs not formed. It measures from the tip of the bill to the white extremity of the tail 2 feet, and from the tip to tip of each wing exaetly the same. The tail (which it sometimes displays like a fan) is not very short of the length of the body, and gives it in flight or sitting a very majestic appearance ; the legs are rather short for the size of the bird (whole body is the size of & Crow), and partakes much of the Parrot kind. The natives know very little about its habits, haunts, ete., ete. However, they consider its appearance an indication of wind and blowing weather, and that its frightful scream is through fear, as it is not a bird of very active or quick flight. Nothing in nature can be more fiery or fierce than the uncommon clearness of the pupil eye. 1 had a wounded one two days alive, but could not get it to eat; it bit everything that approached it very severely.” Latham has transferred this note into his account of the Channel-bill in his “ General History ” (vol. üi., p. 300, pl. 32), but he attributes the story of the wounded bird to “Mr. White.” No. 58. Black-faced Crow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 116. Corvus melanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 24. Graucalus melanops, Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 30. Watling’s note is as follows: “ Natural size. This is a bird of prey ; the native name Kai-a-lora.” This figure is the type of the species. No..59. Velvet-faced Crow, Latham [MS.]; id., Gen. Hist. B., iüi., p. 35 (1822). Apparently taken from a specimen of Edoliüsoma tenuirostre Dirds. 119 (Jard.), but not a very correct representation, as the black on the head is more extended than in any of the Museum specimens. No. 60. Variable Crow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 117. Corvus versicolor, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxv. Strepera euneicaudata (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 60. This is certainly the same bird as Cracticus ceuneicaudatus of Vieillot, 1810, so that Latham’s name versicolor takes precedence. I have, by mistake, omitted Latham’s reference in the “ Catalogue of Birds,” but G. R. Gray seems to have correctly identified the species, of which Watling’s picture is the type. His note is: “ This representation is about one-quarter the size of the bird the drawing was taken from, and the only one yet seen. Ihad the skin, therefore the iris is doubtful ; however, the general likeness is very good.” No. 61. Blue-and-white Crow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iüi., ps llT. Corvus eyanoleucus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxv. Grallina picata (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iüi., p. 272 (1877). Latham does not seem to have recognised these drawings as representing his “ Pied Grakle” (Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 130), since he gave a new name. The synonymy in the “ Catalogue of Birds” is not complete, as I have omitted these references of Latham’s. Watling’s note is: “ One-half the natural size. Native name Mur-re-gan.” No. 62. Blue-and-white Crow, Lath. Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. April. Native name Karrook, a rare bird.” No. 63. Black-and-white Crow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., pbl7. Corvus melanoleucus, Lath., Ind. Orn. Suppl., p. xxv. Watling’s note is: “ Half the natural size. May.” Iam unable to identify this drawing satisfactorily. It is evidently a black Strepera, which might be $. graculina, but it does not quite agree with the specimens, as it is figured with a white rump and white throat, which features are not to be found in S. graculina. No. 64. Pacific Roller, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 371. Öoracias pacifica, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxv. Eurystomus australis (Swaine.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii, p- 36. Watling’s note is as follows: “ Half the size of the bird was 120 Zoology. taken from. It is a rare bird, the third only that we have seen ; the colours are much too dull. This drawing is the type of Eurystomus pacificus, which name definitely takes precedence over the name of australis of Swain- son. In the “Catalogue of Birds” I was not certain as to the identity of Coracias pacıfica of Latham, owing, doubtless, to the description having been taken from a drawing. No. 65. Noisy Roller, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 121. Ooracias strepera, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 173. Strepera graculina (White), Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 57. This drawing represents a black-and-white Strepera with a yellow eye, and is undoubtedly taken from a specimen of S. graculina. The following note is given by Watling: “One half the natural size. June.” No. 66. Piping Roller, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl., p. 122. Coracias tibicen, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxvii. Gymnorhina tibicen, Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 91. This figure is the type of Gymnorhina tibicen (Lath.). Wat- ling’s note is: “ Natural size. Native name Jarra-won-nang. This bird has a soft note not unlike the sound of a well-tuned flute. It is a bird of prey.” Latham, as usual, has published the original note, without acknowledgment, and has twisted it into ‘It preys often on small birds,” which is not what Watling wrote. No. 67. Southern Oriole, Latham MS. = Green Grakle, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 129. Gracula viridis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxviüi. Oriolus viridis, Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 212. Watling’s note: “ Half natural size.” No. 68. White-naped Grakle, Lath. MS. Another figure of Gymnorhina tibicen. Watling’s note : “ Three-fourths of its natural size. Native name Dar-rung-a. Gracula.” No. 69. Green Grakle, Lath., Suppl. ii., p. 129. See No. 67. A larger drawing of the Green Oriole (Oriolus viridis). Latham does not seem to have recognised the identity of Nos. 67 and 69.- Watling’s note says simply: “Natural size. A rare bird.” Latham writes: “ Inhabits New Holland, where it is said to be a rare bird.” No. 70. Cinereous Grakle, Lath. [MS.]; :d., Gen. Hist. B., iii., p. 169 (1822). Birds. 121 This is, in my opinion, the Harmonic Thrush of Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 182 (= Turdus harmonicus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xli.).* Watling’s note is as follows: “ Natural size, from Port Jackson. A kind of Thrush by its note.” No. 71. Brown Grakle, Latham [MS.]; id., Gen. Hist. B., ii., p. 170 (1822). = Megalurus eruralis, Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Boc., XV., p. 228 (1826). Oinclorhamphus eruralis, Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 498. Watling’s note: “ This drawing is about one third the natural size. New South Wales.” No. 72. Blue-headed Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 137. Cuculus eyanocephalus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxx. Eudynamis eyanocephala, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 324. This drawing is the type of the species, and is a very good representation of the Australian Koel. Watling’s note is: “ This is the only bird hitherto found in the country of New South Wales. Another of a similar form and magnitude but of a glossy black colour was taken at the same time, but whether of a different genus or the male and female of this species Mr. White was not able to determine. In make and character it resembles the Anomalous Hornbill ; the colour is more brown.” Latham gives the substance of the above note, but gives credit for it to Mr. Lambert. No. 73. Pheasant Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 137. Cuculus phasianus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxx. Centropus phasianus, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 340. Again, this drawing is the type of the species. Watling’s note: “One half the natural size. Native name Tem-minck. The New South Wales Pheasant. The only one seen as yet.” No. 74. Tippet Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 138. Cuculus palliolatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxx. Misocalius palliolatus, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 279. This drawing is the type of (uculus palliolatus o£ Latham. Watling’s note: ‘“ One half the natural size. A rare bird.” No. 75. Fan-tailed Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 138, pl. cxxvi. Ouculus flabelliformis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxx. Cacomantis flabelliformis, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 266. * (f. Sharpe, Cat. Birds, iii., p. 290. 122 Zoology. Latham’s description and figure are both taken from Watling’s drawings, but his plate represents the bird as of a deeper red colour underneath than in Watling’s pieture, which may have faded a little; the latter writer says that the figure was of the “natural size.” It is the type of the species. No. 76. Glossy Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 138. Cuculus plagosus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxi. Chaleococcyx plagosus, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 297. This is the type of C'halcococeyx plagosus of Latham, who says that he is indebted to Mr. Lambert for some of the birds described by him ; so that it may be that Latham, when he had these drawings before him, had received them from Mr. Lambert. It is curious that Watling’s name is not mentioned, as many of the drawings bear his signature; nor is that of his employer, Mr. James Lee. Watling’s note: “The natural size. The yellow does not appear so bright as in the bird, and what is very singular in this bird it has two claws, before and behind the feet.” No. 77. Great Brown Kingfisher, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii, p. 609. Alcedo giyantea, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 245. Dacelo gigas (Bodd.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 204. Watling’s note is: “Two thirds the natural size. Native name Goo-ge-na-gan.” No. 78. Great Brown Kingfisher, Lath., Gen. Syn., ü., p. 609. Another figure of Dacelo gigas, but with a more rufous tail (i.e. female bird) and darker under-surface, the blue on the wings indicated more plainly. Watling’s note is: “This bird lives on insects, worms, etc., principally ; though sometimes seeds are found in its crop. It is by no means numerous and very solitary ; still from its note, which is that of a human loud and continued laugh, it might be considered a cheerful bird. The natives call it Googanegang, but with us it has the appelation of the Laughing Bird. None of them have ever been observed pairing, nor has any of their nests been found. The largest I have ever seen was the one from which this drawing was taken—from the bill end to the tip of the tail it measured 161 inches, and from tip to tip of the wings 1S inches. It is a bird of slow and short flight, and seems when on the wings to have some difliculty to support its fore-part, which regularly from the head and bill (which is large and strong) to the tail decreases in size. The feet are of a lead colour with black claws, and small in proportion to the size of the Birds. 28: bird. I have seen the feathers on the head form a more complete crest than the drawing exhibits ; however, in other respects it is a faithful copy. Native name Goo-ge-ne-gang, likewise this is called the Laughing Jack Ass.” No. 79. Sacred Kingfisher, variety. Azure Kingfisher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 372. Alcedo azurea, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxi. Alcyone azurea, Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii, p. 168. This is a very good figure of Alcyone azurea, and has nothing to do with the Sacred Kingfisker, with which Latham attempts to identify it. Watling gives no note to this figure. No. 80. Collared Kingfisher, variety. Haleyon sanctus (Vig. and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 267. A fairly good picture of H. sanctus, but not quite accurate, as the artist has exaggerated the white nape-patch so as to form a kind of collar. Watling’s note: “ Natural size.” No. 81. Orange-winged Nuthatch, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 146, pl. 127. Sitta chrysoptera, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxii. Sittella chrysoptera, Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 360. Neositta chrysoptera, Sharpe, Handl. B., iv., p. 351 (1905). This figure is the type of Sitta chrysoptera, and the figure in Latham’s ““ Synopsis ” seems to have been copied from Watling’s drawing. Watling’s note is: “ Three fourths of its natural size. Native name Mur-ri-gang. Very rare.” No. 82. The same as No. 81. Watling’s note: “ Two thirds the natural size. Under the tail a fine white [patch], barred irregularly with black. A rare bird.” No. 83. Red-breasted Tody, Lath.,, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 147. Todus rubecula, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxii. Miyiagra rubecula, Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 573. Watling gives the following note, much of which is transcribed in Latham’s description: “ Almost the natural size. This little bird has a bifid tongue. The points on each side the cleft are a little divided or feathered. It is the second of the kind I have seen in the course of six years’ residence in N. S. Wales. The contour in general resemblance is good.” 124 Zoology. No. 84. Variegated Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü., p. 155, pl. exxviii. Merops ornatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxv. ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 74. Latham described this species from a specimen in the collection of General Davies, but he mentions a figure as being among “Mr. Lambert’s collection of drawings.” The figure in Latham’s work is an impossible one, whereas Watling’s figure is by no means bad. He gives the following note: “ The same size as the bird this drawing was taken from ; the colours are more brilliant. Native name Dee-weed-gang.” No. 85 is said to be the same as 84, but the drawing appears to be missing. No. 86. Wattled Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 150. Merops carunculatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., 1., p. 276. Acanthochsera carunculata, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 269. This drawing is mentioned by Latham (l.c.) as being in Mr. Lambert’s collection, and he adopts Watling’s note, given herewith, almost in its entirety: “Native name Goo-gwar-ruck, which much resembles a word it is constantly chattering. Half the natural size. This bird much frequents the sea shores, where iv is pretty numerous. Itisa chattering bird, and lives on insects and sucking honey from the different Banksias. When other birds even larger than themselves and stronger approaches them it drives them away.” No. 87. Cowled Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 155. Merops monachus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv. Philemon corniculatus, Lath. ; Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 271. In his list of Watling’s Plates, Latham identifies this figure (87) as the Knob-fronted Bee-eater (= Merops corniculatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 276), but in his note on the plate itself, he seems to think that the two birds are the same, and this view is no doubt correct. Watling’s note is as follows: ‘“ About one third of the natural size. This bird is generally found perching upon the topmost boughs of the tall trees. Its food is insects and honey, which it extracts from plants and flowering shrubs. The Paroquets hold it in enmity, nor do they ever part before a severe combat.” “It varies from the Knob-fronted [Bee-eater] in the sex or age.” No. 88. Cowled Bee-eater (juv.). Watling’s note: “ Native name Wergan, ora Friar. January. Birds. 105 Two thirds the natural size ; it is supposed to be a young bird. It varies from the Knob-fronted | Bee-eater] in sex or size.” No. 89. Golden-winged Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 153. Merops chrysopterus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl. üi., p. xxxüi. Mellivorous Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 166. Acanthochzera mellivora (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 264. The oldest name for A. mellivora appears to be A. chrysoptera (Lath.), both being founded on Watling’s drawings. His notes are quoted by Latham, as follows: “One half the natural size. Called from our English people Querrick, from its note. Native name Wad-de-ar-gal.” No. 90. Golden-winged Bee-eater, Lath. Watling’s note is: “Native name Goo-gwar-ruck. Natural size; it lives on flies, insects, and sucking honey from the Banksias, etc.” “ This genus of Flycatcher are very numerous in N. S. Wales, and seldom seen but near the seashore, especially about where the natives resort. It is a most active lively bird, constantly in action, either sucking honey, taking flies, or contending with other birds. Two or three of these kind will rout a flock of the Blue-bellied Parrots, a genus which they are often engaged with.” No. 91. Black-eared Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 153. Merops auritus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv. Watling’s note: “ Natural size.” This is a chestnut-coloured bird, depieted with a brush-tipped tongue. Otherwise I should have identified it as a (ünclosoma and probably intended for O©. cinnamomeum. In view of the tongue, however, I consider that the species cannot be properly identified. No. 92. Black-and-yellow Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 154. Merops phrygius, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv. Meliphaga phrygia, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 221. This is the type of Merops phrygius of Latham, who admits that his description is taken from the “drawings of Mr. Lambert.” Watling’s note: “ Natural size.” No. 93. Black-and-yellow Bee-eater. The colour of the bird in this pieture has apparently very much changed with time, but Latham seems to have had no 126 Zoology. doubt of its identity with No. 92, and he must have examined the drawing in its early days. Watling’s note: “ About half the natural size. The light tint round the eye is not plumage but a kind of fleshy exerescence, resembling in substance the gills of a cock or hen.” No. 94. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 154. Merops cyanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv. Entomyza eyanotis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 268. Latham first described this bird as the Blue-eared Grakle (Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 130), from a specimen in General Davies’ collection. He afterwards named it Gracula eyanotis (Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxix.).. He does not seem to have recognised that his “ Blue-cheeked Bee-eater ” was the same bird, and therefore Merops cyanops (Lath.) = Entomyza eyanotis (Lath.). Watling’s note: “Two thirds the natural size. Native name Der-ro-gang.” No. 95. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Supp!. ii., p. 154. Watling’s note: “One half natural size.” Black-headed Grakle, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii. p- 129. Gracula melanocephala, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxviii. No. 96. Chattering Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü., p. 154. Merops garrulus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv. Manorhina garrula, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 260. The original description was taken from a specimen in General Davies’ collection. Latham does not seem to have recognised Watling’s drawings as belonging to the same species, and bestowed a new name, cyanops, upon the bird. Watling’s note: “One half the natural size. This chattering bird often gives notice to the Kangaroo when the sportsmen are after them. It is pretty numerous, and always at war with others of the feathered kind. The yellow behind the eye is bare of feathers, and has just the appearance of yellow Morocco leather. The general likeness is good.” No. 97. Chattering Bee-eater. A full-sized picture of Myzantha garrula. Watling’s note: “Natural size. The iris is doubtful. A chattering bird and often prevents the sportsman from getting a shot at the Potrigorang.” Birds. BO No. 98. New Holland Creeper, White, Journ. N. S. Wales, pp. 186, 297, pls. 15, 65; Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p= 161. Certhia novz hollandizx, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 296. Meliornis novse hollandie (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 259. This figure is not the type of the species, the birds having been figured by White. Watling’s note: “Natural size. Native name Balgonera. January.” No. 99. Black-eyed Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 165. Certhia melanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvi. Glyeiphila fulvifrons (Lewin), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 210. This is the type of Certhia melanops of Latham, founded on the “ Black-eyed Üreeper,” of which Dr. Gadow doubted the identity. There need be no further question, however, on this point, and the species must be called @lyciphila melanops (Lath.). Watling’s note: “Natural size. A honey bird. A Fly- catcher.” No. 100. Black-eyed Creeper, variety. Watling’s note: ‘““ Natural size. This bird has a whistling note and lives on honey, ete.” No. 101. Black-eyed Creeper. Watling’s note : “ The same size as the bird the drawing was taken from.” No. 102. Slender-billed Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p 165, pl- exxix. Certhia tenuirostris, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvi. Acanthorhynchus tenwirostris, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 144. This drawing is the type of A. tenwirostris (Lath.). Watling’s note: ““ Natural size.” No. 103. Slender-billed Creeper, female. Watling’s note: “ Natural size. This bird lives on flies and honey ; when flying it makes a singular noise as if the tips of the wings were beat together under the bird’s belly. It hovers over flowers and extracts honey with its brush tongue.” No. 104. Mellivorous Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü P=1100.5 Certhia mellivora, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii. Acanthochsera mellivora, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 264. * Of. fig. 89. ie) 128 Zoology. Watling’s note: “One-half the natural size. Native name Goo-gwar-ruck.” No. 105. Black-headed Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 167. Certhia atricapilla, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii. This figure is intended for the bird usually called Melithreptus lanulatus (Shaw) ; cf. Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 204. Shaw’s name is adopted by Dr. Gadow, but I cannot reconcile the des- ceription given by Shaw (Gen. Zool., viii., p. 224, 1811)— with the “back, wings, and tail cinnamon-brown ”— with any species of Melithreptus. The name ought to have been dropped on this account, but it matters no longer, as Latham’s name of atri- capilla antedates Shaw’s name by ten years. No. 106. Identified by Latham as his “ Black-headed Creeper,” but it is a very poor representation, the back being brown, and no sign of the white on the nape. No. 107. Cochineal Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 167. Certhia dibapha, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii. Myzomela sanguinolenta (Lath.); Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p- xxxvil. Watling’s note: “ The natural size.” (See No. 108.) No. 108. Cochineal Creeper. This is the type of Latham’s “Cochineal Creeper,” as is further proved by his adoption, without acknowledgment, of Watling’s note: “A rare bird, only seen in the spring.” C. dibapha is a synonym of M. sanguinolenta (Lath.), but Latham does not seem to have recognised the fact from the drawings. 3 No. 109. Sanguineous Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p- 167, pl. e&x= Oerthia sanguinolenta, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii. Myzomela sanguinolenta, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 131. This is the type of Latham’s “ Sanguineous Oreeper,” and I believe the plate in the second “Supplement” to the ‘ General Synopsis” to have been taken from Watling’s figure. No. 110. Cxrulean Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p.169. Certhia eserulescens, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxviii. Zosterops cezerulescens, Sharpe, Cat. B., ix., p. 152. This is evidently intended for a Zosterops, but the colours are not very exact. The white eyelid is shown in Watling’s drawing, which is of the “natural size.” Latham does not mention \ Birds. 129 the white eyelid in his description, which, however, is manifestly founded on Watling’s picture, which thus becomes the type of Z. cserulescens (Lath.). No. 111. Agile Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iüi., p. 168. Certhia agılis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxviii. Latham’s name is not founded on this drawing, which I am unable to identify. Dr. Gadow apparently did not know of the name. The bird is depicted as grey above, white below, with a brush-tongue. Watling says that the bird is of the “ natural size.” No. 112. Yellow-winged Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 168. Certhia pyrrhoptera, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii. Meliornis australasiana (Shaw); Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 252. “Watling’s note: “Natural size. The only one of the kind ever shot. Itisa rare bird.” There is no doubt that this drawing is the type of Latham’s “ Yellow-winged Creeper,” and therefore his name of pyrrhoptera, which Dr. Gadow doubted as belonging to M. australasiana of Shaw, takes precedence over the latter name, which is founded on “ LW’Heoro-Taire noir et blanc” of Vieillot. The species musi, therefore, bear the name of Meliornis pyrrhoptera (Lath.), unless this be considered inappropriate for a yellow-winged bird. 113. Yellow-winged Creeper. Latham identifies this as the same as No. 112, but it looks quite different, and has red on the quills, so that it is evident that this suggested the name of pyrrhoptera. No black on the neck or wing-coverts is shown, and I cannot identify the species, which is evidently intended for a Honey-sucker, as the brush- tongue is carefully indicated. Watling’s note is: “ Natural size. A Flycatcher.” No. 114. Hoary Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 168. Oerthia canescens, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii. This is another brush-tongued bird of a grey colour, with a light pinkish breast. I know of no Meliphagine bird to which the name could be applied. Watling says that his drawing is of the “natural size.” No. 115. Yellow-eared Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 169. Certhia chrysotis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxviii. This figure represents Ptilotis lewini of Gadow’s “ Catalogue,” VOL. II. K 130 Zoology. ix., p. 229, and the latter species should, therefore, stand as P. chrysotis (Lath.). Watling’s note: “One half the natural size. This bird, which is not very common in New South Wales, has one single sweet whistling note. It is very shy and seldom seen, and, as most small birds in this country, it has a feathered tongue for the purpose of catching flies, ete., and sucking honey from the flowers and plants on which most of them live.” No. 116. Missing. No. 117. Yellow-eared Creeper. Latham has confused this figure with the foregoing. It seems to have been drawn from a specimen of Ptilotis fusca of Gould. This figure may have been taken from a bird in worn plumage. No. 118. Yellow-eared Creeper. Here again Latham has confounded a very different species, and there can be no doubt, I think, that the bird figured is not Ptilotis chrysotis (M. 115), but is Sylıwa chrysops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. liv. (Black-cheeked Warbler—not Honey-eater, as Gadow quotes it—of Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 248). Watling’s note is: “ Natural size. This bird has a pleasant whistling note.” No. 119. Yellow-eared Creeper. This is also identified by Latham with the foregoing pictures, but it is evidently meant for a small figure of P. lewin (=P. chrysotis [ Lath. ]). Watling’s note is: “Half the natural size. It is a very lively bird, sucks honey out of the gum-tree flowers, and catches flies, insects, etc.” " No 120. Red-rumped Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü., p.. 169. Certhia erythropygia, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxviii. Myzomela sanguinolenta (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p.131.* This figure represents a young bird, as the scarlet plumage is very slightly indicated, and is evidently the same as the Sanguineous Creeper. Watling gives the figure as of the “natural size,” and says that it is a “rare bird.” No. 121. Black-eyed Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 181. Turdus melanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xl. Ptilotis auricomis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 242. * Of. figs. 107-109. Birds. * 1:31 Watling’s note: “Natural size. The native name of this very common bird in New South Wales is Dar-wang. It is a very lively bird, and by us called the Yellow-eared Flycatcher. The tongue is feathered at the tip for sucking honey, which it is very fond of. It builds its nest on the pensile branch of some trees or low shrubs, as I suppose, to avoid the opossum, flying squirrel, lizards, guana, and birds and mice. The yellow at ears are tufts of feathers longer than those on the other part of the head.” No. 122. Black-eyed Thrush. This figure is the type of the “ Yellow-tufted Flycatcher” of Latham (Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 215,= Museicapa auricomis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlix.). The species, therefore, must bear the name of Ptilotis melanops (vide supra, No. 121). Watling’s note: “Half the natural size. Native name Dar-wang.” No. 123. Doubtful Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 182. Turdus dubius, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xl. Sisura inquieta (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 407. This is the type of the “ Doubtful Thrush,” which has been correctly referred to $. inquieta by many writers. Watling’s note: “ The same size as the bird the drawing was taken from.” No. 124. Lunulated Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,p. 184. Turdus lunulatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl.. p. xlii. Geoeichla lunulata, Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p. 155. The figure is taken from a bird which has apparently lost most of its tail-feathers, so that it is impossible to state whether the characters for the species are as stated by Mr. Seebohm (t.c., p. 149). Itisa good figure of an Oreoeichla, and is the type of O. lunulata (Lath.). According to Watling’s note, it is of the “ natural size.” No. 125. Yellow-bellied Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p: 187. Turdus melinus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliv. Sericulus melinus, Sharpe, Cat. B., vi., p. 395. “ Watling’s note: “Natural size. Sexual differences. May.” The only bird for which this figure could be intended seems to me to be Sphecotheres flaviventris, Gould, but this species has not a red bill, and does not occur in New South Wales. At any rate, the figure is not exact enough for me to recommend the supersession of Gould’s name. Watling’s figure is, of course, the type of Turdus melinus of K2 132 Zoology. Latham, a name universally applied to the Regent Bird (Sericulus). This it certainly is not, and the name must be dropped, and the latter species called Sericulus chrysocephalus (Lewin). No. 126. Pale-cheeked Honey-eater, Lath. [MS.]; id., Gen. Hist. B., iv., p. 167 (1822). Manorhina melanophrys (Lath.) ; Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 259. This is undoubtedly the same as No. 149 (vide infra), the latter figure being the type of M. melanophrys (Lath.). Watling’s note: “ Natural size. November.” No. 127. Coach-Whip Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., Museicapa erepitans, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li. Psophodes cerepitans, Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 350. This is the type of Latham’s “ Coach-Whip Flycatcher.” He annexes Watling’s paragraph on the note of the bird, but says that the native name is “ Djow.” Watling’s note is as follows : “One-half the natural size. Native name Wan-nang. This bird, from a single note resembling the crack of a coachman’s whip, is called the Coach-Whip Flycatcher.” No. 128. White-cerowned Honey-eater, Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist. B., iv., p. 169 (1822). Meliornis australasiana (Shaw), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 252. Watling’s note : “ Very numerous and common in New South Wales. Native name Balganera. Half the size of nature.” No. 129. White-naped Honey-eater, Lath. [MS.]; id., Gen. Hist. B., iv., p. 168 (1822). Melithreptus lunulatus (Shaw), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 204. Watling’s drawing is of the “ natural size.” No. 130. White-naped Hödney-eater, Lath. MS. (See No. 129.) Watling’s note: “ Natural size. A male bird. December.” No. 131. White-naped Honey-eater, Lath. MS. (See No. 129.) Watling’s note: “Natural size. It is a lively little bird ; frequently contends with small Parrots for flowers. March.” No. 132. White-crowned Honey-eater, Lath. [MS.]; Gen. Hist. B., iv., p. 169 (1822). (See No. 128.) Blue-eared Grakle, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 130 (founded on a description given by General Davies). Gracula cyanotis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxix. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 154. Merops eyanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv. Blue-cheeked Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 184. Birds. 133 Turdus eyanous [eyaneus], Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlii. Entomyza cyanotis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 268. A poor figure, but it can only be referred to E. cyanotis, which Latham has described under several names. Watling’s note: “Half the natural size. The yellow or willow-green about the eye is entirely bare of feathers, resem- bling much yellow morocco leather. The white on the vertex forms a crescent, with its concave side towards the bill; the dark feathers from which to the bill are very short and thin, and of a deep lead colour. The belly and feathers of the tail about the vent are white, except just under the lower mandible, where they are of a deep lead colour for about 1} inches running down the breast. It has only one shrill whistling note, which it is constantly repeating. It hops like the Maspie, has a feathered tongue, catches flies and insects of every kind, on which it principally lives, and I am rather inclined to think sometimes kills and eats small birds, from its attacking a Warbler I one day put into the cage where I kept it for some time after being wounded. This bird is very rare, and the only one seen.” No. 133. Mustachoe Flycatcher, Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 221. Muscicapa mystacea, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li. Ptilotis auricomis, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 242 (vide supra, no. 121). Watling gives the following note: “Two thirds the natural size. This bird is often seen contending with small Parroquets.” No. 134. Black-cheeked Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 248. Sylvia chrysops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. liv. Ptilotis chrysops, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 236. This is the type of Sylvia chrysops of Latham. Watling’s note: “Half the natural size. It has a brush tongue, and is a lively little bird; it lives a good deal on honey.” No. 135. The Flycatcher. Watling’s note: “One third of the natural size. It has a feathered tongue.” This is a brown bird, whitish underneath, but I am unable to identify the species. No. 136. Watling’s note: “Half the natural size of the bird this drawing was taken from.” This has received no name from Latham, as in the case of the preceding. I cannot identify the 134 Zoology. species, the figure not having the bill of a Honey-eater, though it is represented with a brush-tongue. No. 137. Watling’s note: “ Honey-eater. Natural size.” No. 138. Watling’s note: “ Honey-eater. Natural size.” The two figures, 137, 138, represent some small species of Passerine bird, but I have not been able to identify them. 139. Dirigang Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 166. Oerthia leucophza, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvi. Olimacteris scandens (Temm.), Gadow, Cat. B., viil., p. 337. This figure is the type of Latham’s “ Dirigang Oreeper,” and Dr. Gadow has wrongly identified the species. The bird which he calls Climacteris scandens of Temminck is the true (©. leucophzea (Latham), and ©. leucophea, Gadow (Cat., p. 336), nec Latham, should stand as (. pieumnus, Temm. [Cf. Hellmayr, Tierr., 18. Lief., Parid®, etc., p. 224 (1903).] Mr. Hellmayr rightly points out that Strickland and others were wrong in assigning Latham’s name of leucophaea to ©. picumnus, but he did not succeed in identifying Latham’s description, and places his Certhia leucophea among the doubtful species of Meliphaga. Watling’s note: “ Half the natural size. Native name Deri- gong. A small Woodpecker of New South Wales.” No. 40 (no. 1). Black-breasted Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 222. Muscicapa pectoralis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li. Pachycephala gutturalis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., viil., p. 192. { Latham writes: “ This species is found at New South Wales, in April.” The figure is the type of M. pectoralis of Latham, which, in striet priority, takes precedence of his Turdus gutturalis, and the species should be known as Pachycephala pectoralis (Lath.). Watling’s note: “ Natural size. April.” No. 140 (no. 2). Guttural Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 182. Turdus gutturalis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xli. Pachycephala gutturalis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., vüi., P1922 Latham says: “Inhabits New Holland; not unfrequently seen at Port Jackson in the winter months.” Watling’s note is: Birds. 135 “Natural size. The yellow is much brighter than the bird supposed to be a female of no. 1, and a very rare bird, never seen before in the cold or winter months.” No. 141. Prasine Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 183. Turdus prasinus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xli. Pachycephala gutturalis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 192. This figure is probably intended to represent a young male of P. gutturalis. The dark spot under the eye, mentioned by Latham, is the first indication of the approach to the adult plumage of the male. Watling’s note : “ Natural size. December.” No. 142. Appears to be the same bird in slightly different plumage and placed in another position. Watling’s note: “The natural size of the bird this drawing was taken from. December.” No. 143. Volatile Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 183. Turdus volitans, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xli. Sisura inquieta (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 407. This figure represents the same bird to which Latham has applied the names of “ Restless Thrush,” “ Doubtful Thrush,” and “ Flycatching Thrush.” No. 144. Brown-crowned Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 184. Turdus tenebrosus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlii. Artamus sordidus (Lath.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 19. This figure represents the young of the Sordid Thrush, Turdus sordidus, Lath. Asthe name appears on an earlier page than T. sordidus, it must take precedence, and the species must be called Artamus tenebrosus (Lath.). Watling says that the figure is the natural size. No. 145. Blue-cheeked Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 184. Turdus cyanous [ceyaneus], Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., pad. Enntomyza eyanotis (Lath.) ; Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 268. Watling’s note: “ Two thirds the natural size. The blue part round the eyes is bare of feathers and resembles a soft silky leather.” No. 146. Blue-cheeked Thrush. A larger figure of the same bird. 136 Zoology. Watling’s note: “ The natural size. This rare and curious bird has a singular whistling note. It is often seen pursuing smaller birds.. The general likeness is good and is a strong copy.” No. 147. Sooty Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 185. Turdus fuliginosus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlii. This name is not quoted by Mr. Seebohm, but there can be no doubt but that it is the Norfolk Island Thrush (= the Ash- headed Thrush of Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,p. 373). In this volume of Watling’s drawings there are pictures of mammals and birds from Norfolk Island, showing that he had been there. The name of Merula poliocephala (Gould) must give way to that of M. fuliginosa (Lath.). No. 148. Blue-headed Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 185. Turdus cyanocephalus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliü. It is diflieult to say what this figure is intended to represent. I know of no bird from New South Wales anything like it. Watling’s note: “ Natural size. It isan uncommon bird. We know nothing of its habits, ete.” No. 149. Black-browed Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 185. Turdus melanophrys, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlii. Manorhina melanophrys, Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 259. This drawing is the type of Latham’s description of the Black- browed Thrush, Manorhina melanophrys (Lath.). Watling’s note: “The tongue is short and very brushy. Native name Dill-ring.” No. 150. Flycatching Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 185. Turdus musticola, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliüi. Sizura inquieta (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 407. This species has been described by Latham four times under different names. Watling’s note: “One half the natural size. Native name Barra Well-Well.” No. 151. Maxillary Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü., p- 186. Turdus mazillaris, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliii. Sphecotheres maxillaris (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 224. Watling’s note: “The natural size of the bird the drawing was taken from. December.” nn Birds. 137 No. 152. Sordid Thrush, Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 186. Turdus sordidus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliii. Artamus sordidus, Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 19. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Sordid . Thrush, Artamus sordidus (Lath.). Watling’s note: “ Natural size. Native name Goo-le-bee.” No. 153. Frivolous Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 186. Turdus frivolus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliii. Pomatorhinus temporalis (Vig. and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B., viil., p. #18. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Frivolous Thrush. The species should in future bear the name of Pomatorhinus frivolus (Lath.). Watling says that his figure is of the natural size. The white tips to tail feathers are not given in the figure, as they were in P. temporalis, but there is no doubt as to the species. No. 154. Short-winged Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p- 187. Turdus brachypterus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliii. Sphenura brachyptera, Sharpe, Cat B., vii., p. 104. This drawing is the type on which Latham founded his description of the Short-winged Thrush, Sphenura brachyptera (Lath.). Watling’s note: “Natural size. This is a ground bird with very small wings and very short flight.” No. 155. Variable Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 250. Pipra versicolora, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lvi. ? Chaleococeyz plagosus (Lath.), Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 297. Watling gives the following note: “ Almost the natural size. This bird is of very short flight ; its food moths, flies, and other insects. The largest interior feathers of the tail are of a dark stone colour barred with white.” No. 156. Bearded Thrush, Lath. [MS.]; id., Gen. Hist. B., v., p- 129 (1822). ? Ptilotis cassidix (Jard.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 243. Watling’s note: “Natural size. December.” Nov. 157. Grey-headed Thrush, Lath. [MS.] ; id., Gen. Hist. B., v.Pp-113:(1822). = Harmonie Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 182, 138 Zoology. Turdus harmonicus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xli. Collyriocincla harmonica (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 290. Watling’s note: “ This is a solitary bird. It has a melodious note not unlike a Thrush, but it does not warble.” No. 158. Thrush. Watling’s note: “ Natural size.” No. 159. Thrush. Watling’s note: “ One third of the natural size.’ No. 160. Thrush. Watling’s note: “Natural size. Native name @oo-lang-a-ga.” No. 161. Thrush. Watling’s note: “Natural size. A ground bird and of very short flight.” No. 162. Thrush. Watling’s note: “ Natural size.” No. 164. Black-lined Grosbeak, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii. Lozxia bella, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlvi. Zonzeginthus bellus, Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 293. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Black- lined Grosbeak, Zonzginthus bellus (Lath.). Watling’s note: “Native name Wee-bong. Natural size, the only one yet seen. May.” No. 163. Nitid Grosbeak, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iüi., p. 198, pl! exxzi. Loxia nitida, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlvii. Zonzeginthus bellus (Lath.). This figure is the type on which Latham based his description of the Nitid Grosbeak. It = Zonzginthus bellus (Lath.). Watling’s note: “ Natural size. June.” No. 165. White-headed Finch, Female, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 210. Fringilla leucocephala, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlviii. Staganophura guttata (Shaw), Sharpe, Cat. B., xii., p. 292, Watling says: “ Two thirds of the natural size.” No. 166. Temporal Finch, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 211. Fringilla temporalis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlviii. Zgintha temporalis (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 372. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Temporal Finch, Zgintha temporalis (Lath.). Watling says the “Native name is @oo-lung-ag-ga. Itis a very common bird in New South Wales, easily domesticated, and Dirds. 139 of a lively disposition even when in a cage, and in a day or two it is easily reconciled.” Latham says : “Several drawings of birds probably allied to this have come under our observation. In one of them the bill is crimson, a broad streak of the same over the eye, and the rump and vent crimson also ; the crown rather full of feathers ; the whole of the upper parts of the plumage and tail, beneath greenish white, with a slight reddish tinge on the breast ; tail short. In another the bill was pale red, the streak over the eye and rump crimson ; tail short as in the other; the plumage above greenish brown, beneath cinereous white. “For these I am indebted to the drawings of General Davies, and in those of Mr. Lambert I have remarked a third, in which the upper parts were green, the under greenish white ; bill, streak over the eye, and rump crimson ; but differed from the others in having the tail much longer.” All these said to inhabit New South Wales. No. 167. Temporal Finch. Watling writes: “One third larger than the natural size.” No. 168. Temporal Finch. Watling says that the drawing is “ natural size,” and gives the native name as Deroo-gnan. No. 169. Red-bellied Flycatcher. Petroca leggei, Sharpe, Cat. B., Brit. Mus., iv., p. 165. Nos. 170 and 171. ? Petreeca multicolor. No. 172. ? Petraca rosea. Nos. 1698, 1739, 1749. Petraca leggei. No. 175. Southern Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iüi., pP: 219 Museicapa australis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 1. No. 176. Rufous-fronted Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,p. 220. Muscicapa rufifrons, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 1. Rhipidura rufifrons (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 319. This and the following figure are the types of Latham’s description of the Rufous-fronted Flycatcher. Watling gives the following note : “ One-half the natural size. This bird is of very short flight and found among brush, rotten wood, and long grass.” Latham says: “ Inhabits New South Wales, where it is known by the name of Burril: has hitherto only been met with in November.” 140 Zoology. No. 177. Rufous-fronted Flycatcher. Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. Native name Burril. November.” No. 179. Crimson-bellied Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 221. Muscicapa coceinigastra, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 1. Watling says: “Natural size. The only one of this kind yet seen.” Latham writes : “ Inhabits New South Wales: specimens of this species are scarce.” No. 180. Black-cheeked Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.ii., p. 221. Muscicapa barbata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. I. Sericornis eitreogularis (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 302. This figure is the type on which Latham based his description of the Black-cheeked Flycatcher (Muscicapa barbata). The species will, therefore, in future have to take the name of Sericornis barbata (Lath.). Watling gives the figure as of natural size and the month of July. No. 182. Grey Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 223. Muscicapa flavigastra, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li. Eopsaltria australis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 176. Watling gives the figure as: “ Natural size.” No. 183. Rose-breasted Flycatcher, Lath, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 223. Muscicapa rhodogastra, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li. Petreeca multicolor (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 168. This figure is evidently a dräwing of the female of P. multi- color, the male being represented on plate No. 170. Watling says: “ This bird is from Norfolk Island,” and gives the figure as of “ Natural size.” No. 184. Soft-tailed Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 224, ex Shaw. Museicapa malachura, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li. Stipiturus malacrurus (Shaw), Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 100. Watling gives the figure as: “Natural size, and the native name Mur-re-a-nera.” No. 185. Soft-tailed Flycatcher, Lath. (Female). Watling says: “ This the natural size. The bird is of a very short flight, seldom exceeding an hundred yards at most. It is so feeble and delicate as to be run down with the utmost ease. Dirds. 141 Native name Mereangeree. From a resemblance of the feathers of the tail (when in flight seems too heavy for the body) to those of the Casuary in New South Wales, and denominated the Emu, or Casuary Titmouse.” No. 186. Soft-tailed Flycatcher, Lath. (Male). No. 187. Orange-rumped Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 225. f Museicapa melanocephala, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li. Malurus melanocephalus (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 296. This figure, which is the type of Latham’s description of the Örange-rumped Flycatcher, is a young male of Malurus melano- cephalus (Lath.). Watling says the figure is the “natural size.” No. 188. Orange-backed Flycatcher, Lath. MS. = Orange-rumped Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.ii., p. 225. This figure represents the adult male of Malurus melano- cephalus, fig. 187. Watling says: “Qu. if not the other sex of the Orange- rumped. See drawing 187. Natural size. Native name (?).” No. 189. Scarlet-breasted Flycatcher, Lath. MS. Petroeca phoenicea (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 166. Watling’s note: “Half the natural size. Native name Karreet. This domestie little bird frequents fields and gardens, as does the Robin in England, and it is called the Robin of New South Wales and Norfolk Island, where it is still more numerous than in New South Wales. This is a male; the female’s breast is of a much paler colour, and the back, head and tail, instead of being nearly black, is a brown.” No. 190. Pied Flycatcher, Lath. MS. ; id., Gen. Hist. B., vi., p. 207 (1823). = Petroca bicolor (Vig. and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p- 1173. This drawing must have been intended for P. bicolor, though it is not a correct figure. Watling’s note : “ Half the natural size.” No. 191. Barred-tailed Flycatcher, Lath. MS. ; id., Gen. Hist. B., vi., p. 221 (1823). Watling says: ‘“ The wings are too small for the body. It is found in the grass and a bird of short flight. Natural size.” No. 192. New Holland Lark, Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist, B., vi., p. 307 (1823). ? Anthus australis(Vig.and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B.,x.,p.615. 142 Zooloyy. Watling says the figure is two thirds the natural size and gives the name of New South Wales Lark. No. 193. New Holland Lark, Male, Lath. MS. (See No. 192.) Anthus australis (Vig. and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p- 615. Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. It is the Lark of New South Wales. Only seen in the winter.” No. 194. New Holland Wagtail, Lath. MS. Rhipidura albiscapa (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 310. Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. It has the air and actions of a Wastail.” No. 196. Streaked Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 247. Sylvia sagittata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. liv. Chthonicola sagittata (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 290. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Streaked Warbler. Watling gives the following note: “ Natural size. This bird sings remarkably well.” No. 197. Streaked Warbler, Lath. Watling’s note is as follows: “Female. Natural size. March.” No. 198. Streaked Warbler, Female, Lath. Watling says that his figure is one half the natural size. No. 200. Chaste Warbler, Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 249. Sylvia casta, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv. Watling says the figure is th® natural size. No. 201. White-tailed Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p- 249. Sylvia leucophza, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv. Mierwca faseinans (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 123. Watling says: “One half the natural size. This little bird follows the gardeners and workmen, picking up worms, ete. It is very familiar.” No. 202. Ruddy Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 249. Sylvia rubricata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv. Cacomantis flabelliformis (Lath.), Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p- 266. No. 203. Ruddy Warbler, Female, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 249. Sylvia rubricata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv. Dirds. 143 Eopsaltria australis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 176. Watling gives the following note : “ Native name T’hadagnan. The almost natural size. This is a very common domestie bird not unlike the Robins in Europe.” No. 204. Swallow Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü p- 250. Sylvia hirundinacea, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv. Diczeum hirundinaceum (Shaw and Nodder), Sharpe, Cat. Br, =.„p.l9: No. 205. Swallow Warbler, Lath. Watling gives the following note: “ The natural size. This is a scarce bird and well resembled, and the only one we have yet seen ; the blue feathers on this bird are of a beautiful changeable blue.” No. 206. Crimson-breasted Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 250. Sylvia rubrieollis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv. Watling gives the following note: “ Native name Bood-dang. Natural size.” No. 207. Crimson-breasted Warbler, Lath. Watling says: “ Natural size.” No. 208. Bonnet Warbler, Lath. MS. ; id., Gen. Hist. B., vii., p. 135 (1823). Watling says the figure is of the “natural size,” and that it is “a rare bird.” No. 209. Ciliary Warbler, Lath. MS. ; öd., Gen. Hist. B., vii., p. 111 (1823). Zosterops cserulescens (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., ix., p. 152. Watling gives the following note: “One half the natural size. This little bird is the only one of the kind ever seen ; the white round the ciliary process of the eye is eomposed of the most beautiful small white feathers. The pride and vanity of the draughtsman has induced him to put his name to all the drawings, but should you publish them I think the name may be left out.” No. 210. Ciliary Warbler, Lath. MS. (See No. 209.) Watling’s note: “Three fourths of the natural size. The iris is doubtful.” No. 211. Speckled Manakin, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 253. Pipra punctata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. Ivi. Pardalotus punctatus (Shaw and Nodder), Sharpe, Cat. B., xp 98 “I 144 Zoology. No. 212. New Holland Manakin, M. and L., Suppl. ii., p. 253. Pardalotus punctatus (Shaw and Nodder), Sharpe, Cat. B., XP: 56. Watling’s note: “ Half the natural size. Allied or female to Speckled Manakin.” No. 213. Variety of the New Holland Manakin, Lath. MS. No. 214. Cxrulean Manakin, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü., p- 254. Natural size. No. 215. Black-eared Manakin, Lath. MS.; :d., Gen. Hist. B., vii., p. 242 (1823). Natural size. No. 216. Needle-tailed Swallow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p- 259. Hirundo caudacuta, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lvii. Chzetura caudacuta (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 472. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Needle- tailed Swallow. Watling gives the following note: “This bird, about half the natural size, seems to possess, in a great measure, the qualities of a Swallow. Its motions are amazing quick, eager of its prey, which it seizes with the rapidity of lightning. Its favourite food is a large locust, which at this season is plentiful. It is strongly pounced (as a bird of prey), and has a broad flat bill— the tail quills armed with spikes as sharp as a needle.” No. 217. New Holland Swallow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 259. Hirundo pacifica, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lviii. Micropus pacificus (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 448. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the New Holland Swallow. Watling says: “ This the supposed female of No. 1.” No. 218. New Holland Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 261. /Egotheles novse hollandize (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p- 651. No. 219. Banded Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 262. Caprimulgus vittatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lvüi., pl. 136. ZEgotheles novs hollandie (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 651. Birds. 145 Watling says : “ Two thirds the natural size. Musquito Hawk. July.” No. 220. Strigoid Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 262. Caprimulgus strigoides, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl. ii., p. lviii. Podargus strigoides (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 631. This drawing is the type of Latham’s description of the Strigoid Goatsucker. Watling says the “native name is Birreagal,” and the figure is “one half the natural size. July.” No. 221. Great-headed Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. il., p. 263. Caprimulgus megacephalus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lviii. Podargus strigoides (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 631. No. 222. Gracile Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 263. Caprimulgus gracilis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Iviii. Podargus strigoides (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 631. Watling says the “native name is Poo-book. Half the natural size. An excellent likeness.” No. 223. Bristled Goatsucker, Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist. B., vii., p. 342 (1823). ZEgotheles novs hollandix (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p- 651. Watling says: “ Natural size, the same as the bird the drawing was taken from. March.” No. 225. White-faced Pigeon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 268. Columba melanoleuca, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lix. Leucosareia picata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 607. Watling says: “One-half the natural size. Native name Go-ad-gony. Dec., 1792.” No. 226. Pale Pigeon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 270. Oolumba pallida, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 1x. Lopholzemus antarctieus (Shaw), Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 235. Cf. Hartert, Nov. Zool., xii., p. 217 (1905). Although this figure is very incorrect, I am inclined to think that it is intended for Lopholsemus antarcticus. Watling says: “ About one fourth the natural size. New South Wales.” No. 227. New Holland Quail, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.ii.,p. 283. Perdix australis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixii. VOLZII. L 146 Zoology. Synecus australis (Lath.), Grant, Cat. B., xxii., p. 247. This drawing is the type on which Latham founded his description of the New Holland Quail. Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. July. It flies like a Quail, and in its habits much resembles that bird.” No. 228. New Holland Jabiru, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., pp. 294 and 295, pl. exxxviil. Myeteria australis, Lath. Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixiv. Xenorhynchus asiaticus (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 310. Watling says: “In height 5:73.” No. 230. New Holland Crane. Antigone australasiana (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxili., p- 265. No. 231. Caledonian Night-Heron, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., pt. i., p. 55 [male]. Nyeticorax caledonicus (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 158. No. 232. Caledonian Night-Heron [female]. No. 234. The Bittern, a variety. Botaurus peeiloptilus (Wagl.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 258. No. 235. White-bellied Heron, Latham MS. ; :d., Gen. Hist. B., ix., p. 101 (1824). Ardetta pusilla (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 234. This figure no doubt is intended to represent the young of Ardetta pusilla. Watling says: “This bird frequents marshes. It is a rare bird.” No. 236. Little Bittern, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii, p- 301. Ardetta pusilla (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 234. Latham appears to have noticed that the Australian bird was different from the European, as he writes on this drawing as follows: “ A variety of Little Bittern if not new. See drawing above, No. 237.” Watling gives the following note: “Half the natural size. Native name Go-ning-nah.” No. 237. Little Bittern, variety, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 301. Ardetta pusilla (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 234. Watling gives the following note: “December. Half the natural size of the bird the drawing was taken from ; the neck is Birds. 147 longer, but this is his general attitude. Native name Duralia ; found in marshes or moist ground. No. 238. Pacific Heron, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 305. Ardea pacifica, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixv. Notophoyx pacifica (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B.,, xxvi., p- rl. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Pacific Heron, Notophoyz pacifica (Lath.). No. 239. Common Curlew, variety, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., pt. i., p. 120. Numenius cyanopus (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 350. Watling gives the following note: “Near the natural size of the English Curlew ; the native name @aarlarr-re-bing.” No. 240. New Holland Curlew, Latham MS. Limosa nove zealandie (Gray), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., P> 347: Watling says: “One fifth the natural size.” No. 241. New Holland Snype, Lath., Gen. Sen., Suppl. ii., p- 310. Scolepax australis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixv. Gallinago australis (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 652. Watling says: “ Half the natural size.” No. 242. Wattled Sandpiper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 313. Tringa lobata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixv. Lobivanellus lobatus (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,p. 139. Watling gives the following note: “ Three quarters of the natural size. It is a rare bird, sometimes, though seldom, to be met with on the flats going to Parramatta. Native name Kalloonagh.” No. 243. Wattled Sandpiper, Lath. (See No. 242.) Watling gives the native name as “ Ban-ne-re-ra.” No. 244. Brown-eared Sandpiper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 314. Tringa aurita, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvi. Heteropygia acuminata (Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p- 566. Watling gives the following note: “ Two thirds of the natural size. This bird frequents the sea shore and moist places, but are by no means numerous.” No. 245. Grisled Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 320. Charadrius griseus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvii. L 2 148 Zoology. Charadrius dominieus (P. L. S. Müll.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiy., pP. 19D. Watling says : “One half its natural size. It was shot on the sea-shore.” No. 246. High-legged Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 319. Charadrius grallarius, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvi. Burhinus grallarius (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 18. Watling says: “ This bird measured thirty inches.” No. 247. Sanderling, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 315. Calidris arenaria (Linn.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 526. Watling says: “A kind of Sand or Shore Lark, not very numerous. Native name Waddergal.” No. 249. Crescent Plover, Lath. MS. Erythrogonys cinetus (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 125. Watling gives the following note: “ Half the natural size ; the only one of the kind ever seen at Port Jackson.” No. 250. Orescent Plover, Lath. MS. [See no. 249.] Erythrogonys einctus (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B.,xxxiv.,p. 125. No. 251. Great-billed Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,p. 319. Charadrius magnirostris, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvi. Burhinus grallarius (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 18. Watling gives the native name as Woal-Woo-a. No. 252. Bridled Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 320. Charadrius frzenatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvii. Burhinus grallarius (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 18. Watling says: “One third of the natural size.” No. 253. Brown Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 320. ? Limonites ruficollis (Pall.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 545. Watling gives the following note: “One fifth the natural size. This is a water bird, though put on a perch.” No. 254. New Holland Oyster-catcher, Lath. MS. H:ematopus longirostris (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 112. Watling says : “ Seldom seen in more than pairs. It is a very solitary bird. Native name Booming.” No. 255. New Holland Öyster-catcher (variety of the Pied Oyster-catcher), Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist. B., ix, p. 359 (1824). Hsematopus longirostris (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 112. Birds. 149 This figure is taken from a young bird. Watling gives the following note: “ This is a recluse and solitary bird, being never found in more than pairs. It has but one simple plaintive tone which it never varies. The drawing is about one fourth the natural size. This appears a variety of the Red Bill, which is the common name it goes by here, or it is a young one, full plumage, for most others have had the legs as red as the bill. It frequents the sea shores and lives on spawn and young fish, both shell and others, which gives the flesh a fat, of which it has a great share. It is a strong fish of an oily flavour ; both the flesh and fat are very high coloured, particularly the latter, which is mostly red and very abundant, as before noticed. It is naked or bare of feathers one third up the thigh, its toes are more fleshy and thick than sea-birds’ in general, and are a little way connected by a web or membrane in so much that they may be called palmated. Native name Boo-aning or Boo-ming.” No. 256. Blue-necked Rail, variety, Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist. B., ix., p. 377 (1824). Porzana palustris (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 109. Watling gives the following note: “The natural size. The spur or hook near the pinion cannot in common be seen, but in the drawing it is separated from the feathers where they can conceal it.” No. 257. Dark Rail, Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist. B., ix., p. 378 (1824). Tabuan Rail, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., part i., p. 235. Porzana tabuensis (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii.,p. 111. Although Latham had himself described the “ Tabuan Rail,” he apparently did not recognise this figure, which is evidently intended to represent the same species. Watling says: “A bird of Norfolk Island. Natural size. December.” No. 258. White Gallinule, complete, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 327. Notornis alba (White), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 208. Watling’s note is as follows: “One third its natural size. This bird is of Howe Island, and when young was entirely black, from that to bluish-grey, and from that to an entire white. This bird feeds itself with its feet like a Parrot.” No. 259. Three changes of the White Gallinule. Watling’s note is as follows: “ Three stages of this bird taken at Lord Howe’s Island before it arrives at maturity.” 150 Zoology. No. 260. Black-jointed Gallinule, Lath. MS. ; id. Gen. Hist. B., ix., p. 427 (1824).1 Porphyrio melanonotus (Temm.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxii., p- 205. Watling gives the following note: “Native name @oo-la- war-ring. Reduced by scale to half the size of the bird the drawing from. August. A rare bird ; frequents swamps.” No. 261. Black-jointed Gallinule, Lath. MS. Watling says : “One third the natural size. November.” No. 263. New Holland Grebe, Lath. [MS.], Gen. Hist., x., p- 33. Podicipes novse hollandise (Stephens, ex Lath.), Grant, Cat-B, zxvi., P. 919. On this figure Latham founded his description of the New Holland Grebe (Podieipes novze hollandise). Stephens gave the Latin title, from Latham’s description. Watling says: “One fifth of the natural size. Native name Mag-a-ger.” No. 265. American Avocet, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., part i., p- 295 (part). Recurvirostra nova hollandize (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., P. 339. Watling says: “22 inches from the extremities. This bird is found along the shores of the sea coast.” No. 266. American Avocet, Lath. Watling says: “ Native name Antiquatich.” No. 267. American Avocet, Lath. Watling’s note : “The natural size. This is a rare bird ; only been seen on some lagoons. A speties of the Avocetta.” No. 269. White Albatross, Lath. Watling says: “ The bird this drawing was taken from was caught some distance from the entrance to Port Jackson at sea.” No. 270. Crested Tern, Lath. Watling’s note : “ One fifth of its natural size. The female.” No. 270. Caspian Tern, var. B, Lath., Gen. Syn., iüi., pt. ii, p. 351 (1785). Crested Tern, Lath., Gen. Hist., B., x., p. 101. Sterna cristata, Stephens, Gen. Zool., Aves, xiüi., pt. i., p. 146 (1826). Sterna bergii (Licht.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 89. This drawing is the type of Latham’s description of the Birds. 151 Crested Tern, which, according to Mr. Howard Saunders, is synonymous with 8. bergei, Licht. Watling says : “ One fifth of its natural size. A female.” No. 271. Caspian Tern, variety B, Lath. Sterna bergü (Licht.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 89. Watling says: “One fifth of its natural size. A male. It lives on small fish. Native name G@er-ra-ger-ra.” No. 272. Caspian Tern, Lath. Watling says: “ Half the natural size of the bird which this drawing was taken from.” No. 273. Greater Tern, Lath. Watling says: “Half the natural size, and seldom see but one in the hottest summer weather.” No. 274. New Holland Tern, Lath. [MS.], Gen. Hist. B., x., p. 103, Sterna bergti (Licht.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 89. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the New Holland Tern and Sterna novse hollandiz, Stephens, which = 8. bergü according to Mr. Howard Saunders. Watling’s note: “This almost half the natural size, and a pretty good resemblance, with this exception—only the bill not Just so much bent.” No. 275. Pacific Gull, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 332. Larus pacificus, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. Ixviii. Gabianus pacificus (Lath.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 297. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Pacific Gull, Gabianus pacificus (Lath.). Watling says: “Native name Troo-gad-dill.” No. 276. Pacific Gull, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 332. Watling says: “ Half the natural size. A large grey Gull.” No. 277. New Holland Crimson-billed Gull, Lath. [MS.], Gen. Hist., B., x., p. 145. Larus nov& hollandize (Stephens), Saunders, Cat. B., Brit. Mus., xxv., p. 235. This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the New Holland Crimson-billed Gull, on which Stephens founded the name of Larus novee hollandise. Watling says: “ Reduced by scale to half the size of the bira which the drawing was taken from.” No. 278. New Holland Crimson-billed Gull, Lath. MS. Watling says : “ One-sixth of the natural size.” No. 279. New Holland Crimson-billed Gull, Lath. MS. LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 152 Zoology. Watling says: “Natural size. April. Native name Ton-na- rang. Not a very common bird in New South Wales.” No. 280. Norfolk Island Petrel, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 334. Pufinus chlororhynchus (Less.), Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p- 372. This figure is, in my opinion, intended to represent Pufinus chlororhynchus, Less., to which it bears a very strong resemblance. If I am correct in this supposition, the “ Norfolk Island Petrel” of Latham cannot be referred to the (Estrelata neglecta (Schl.) as has been suggested in the Catalogue of Birds (xxv., p. 412). Watling writes: “Norfolk Island Petrel or the Mutton bird, in full feather.” No. 281. Norfolk Island or Fuliginous Petrel, Lath., Gen Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 334. This is the figure of a young bird of the same species as No. 280. Watling says: “Norfolk Island Petrel or Mutton bird, in second or middle state.” No. 282. Fuliginous Petrel, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü., p. 334. Puffinus tenuirostris (Temm.), Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 388. This figure, which in general appearance is darker than Nos. 280 and 231, with dark bill and feet, Iam inclined to think is intended for Pufinus tenuirostris (Temm.). Watling says: “A Norfolk Island bird.” No. 283. Black Swan, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 343. Anas atrata, Lath., Ind. Orn., ii., p. 834. Chenopsis atrata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 41. Watling says: “The Black Swan, the size of an English swan. Native name Mulgo.” No. 284. Black and White Goose, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 344. Anas melanoleuca, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. lxix. Anseranus semipalmata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p- 44. Watling says: “This bird is about the size of a goose. Native name Bur-ra-yen-ne.” No. 285. Hawksbury Duck, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii, p- 958. Anas jubata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixix. Chenonetta jubata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 140. Birds. 153 Watling says: “ This species of Duck is found at Hawksbury; sometimes perching.” No. 286. Hawksbury Duck, Lath. Watling writes: “Half the natural size. This is the only Duck of this kind ever seen. May.” No. 288. Semipalmated Duck, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p- 347, pl. cxxxix. Anas semipalmata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lxix. Anseranus semipalmata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p- 44. Watling says: “This bird is about the size of our native Wild Goose. They are generally found in flocks and sometimes perching upon high trees. It has been observed by the man who sometimes shoots these birds that, in opening some of them, but not all, the wind-pipe formed several beautiful circum- volutions on the breast under the skin before it entered the thorax. An oflicer lately has opened one and confirms the truth of the sportsman’s observations. It is called by us the New South Wales Goose, Palmated, instead of being web-footed, because its manner as well as taste and flavour resembles that bird more than any other. The contour or general likeness is here very well observed. I have been informed that at times their note is tuneful and melodious, which appears probable from the conformation of the wind-pipe, if that singular ecirecumstance is true. I have now a man out attending a pond where they most frequent, in hopes of getting one for dissection. They have only lately been observed and shot, principally on a pond near the Hawksburgh River. January 2nd, 1794. Native name Now-al-gang.” No. 291. New Holland Penguin, Lath. [MS.], Gen. Hist., B., x., P. 388. Spheniscus nov& hollandiz, Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool., x31., pt. 1., P- 68. Eudyptila minor (Forster), Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 646. This drawing is the type of Latham’s description of the New Holland Penguin, on which Stephens founded the name Spheniscus novze hollandise. Both of these names will now become synonyms of Eudyptila minor (Forster). Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, when writing the “Catalogue of Birds,” was unable to identify the New Holland Penguin from Latham’s description. (COf. Cat. B., xxvi., p- 625, note.) Watling says: ‘“ Native name G@ur-roo-mul. One- fifth of the natural size ; the only one yet seen in Port Jackson.” 154 Zoology. No. 292. New Holland Pelecan, Lath., Gen. Hist., B., x., p- 402. [White Pelecan, variety, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., part 2, p- 575.] Pelecanus australis, Stephens, Gen. Zool., xii., pt. i., p. 13; Pelecanus conspicillatus (Temm.), Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 483. Although reference is given on the plate to Latham’s Gen. Syn., iii., p. 575, Latham must have noticed that it was a new species, as he gives a description in his “General History of Birds,” and quotes the native name, which is on the plate. Watling says: “ Native name Karr-ang-a-ba.” No. 293. [Lesser Gannet, variety, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., part 2, p. 611.] Lesser Gannet, Lath., Gen. Hist., B., x., p. 437. Sula candida, Stephens, Gen. Zool., xiii., pt. i., p. 103 (1826). Sula serrator, Gray, ‘“Erebus and Terror,” Birds, p. 19 (1845) ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 428. Watling says : ““ One-fourth the size of nature. Native name Doo-ro-dang.” Latham in his “General History of Birds,” x., p. 438, writes: “The Lesser Gannet is also found in New Holland, and called by the natives Doo-ro-dang.” No. 294. [Young Tropic-bird.] New Holland Tropic Bird, Lath., Gen. Hist., B., x., p- 448. Phaeton melanorhynchos, Stephens, Gen. Zool., xii., pt. i., p. 127. Phaeton rubricauda (Bodd.), Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 451. Watling says: “ From the extremity of the bill to the tail is eighteen inches.” No. 295. Red-tailed Tropic-bird, Lath., Gen. Syn., üi., part 2, p- 614, pl. ev. Phaeton rubricauda (Bodd.), Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 451. Watling says: “ This bird is from the tip of the bill to the rump eighteen inches, and from the rump to the end of the tail- feathers eighteen inches.” Birds. 155 After the date of Latham’s “ Synopsis,” the Trustees began to issue descriptive guides to the collections under their charge. A “Synopsis of the Contents of the British Museum” was published as a sort of guide-book to the collections; it was printed by Cox and Baylıs, of 75, Great Queen Street, but appears to have been an official publication of the Trustees. Many editions were issued, of which the one printed in 1808 is the earliest which we possess in the General Library of the Natural History Museum. This little “ Synopsis ” tells how Sir Hans Sloane’s Museum and Library (which, he says in his will, had cost him £50,000) were offered, at his death in 1753, to the British Government, who had the first refusal of the collections, for £20,000. An Act of Parliament was passed in that year sanctioning the purchase, and vesting the property of the Museum in Trustees, for the use of the public. A table of contents of the Sloane Museum, given in this little work, is intended to afford some ideas of the extent of the purchase, but the exact numbers are not absolutely guaranteed. There were, however, stated to be 50,000 volumes of books, MSS., and prints, and 23,000 coins and medals; the “Quadrupeds and their parts,” 8186; the “ Birds and their parts, eggs and nests,” 1172, ete. In addition to the Cottonian Library, and other purchases and bequests, the Harleian Manuscripts were also bought, the Trustees assuming the management of these priceless treasures of the nation, and the title of the Brırısu MusEum was bestowed upon the National Collection, while a Lottery was authorised by Parliament, in order to raise the funds for their recent purchases, to secure & home for the collections, and to provide for the permanent support of the establishment. £95,194 8s. Id. was the sum brought in by the Lottery. The history of the Museum, as given in the “Synopsis,” is continued :— “The first act of these Trustees was to provide a proper building for the reception of the ample collections confided to their care ; and after various proposals, they at length fixed upon the noble mansion, built about the year 1680 by Ralph, first Duke of Montague, who, being at that time Ambassador at Paris, sent over French artists for erecting and adorning the edifice he had in contemplation. This palace, together with its 156 . Zoology. gardens and appurtenances, oceupying in the whole an area of seven acres and twenty perches of land, was ceded by the representatives of the Montague family for the moderate sum of £10,000.” “ The necessary repairs (which, the house having stood long empty, proved very expensive) were immediately proceeded upon; and the proper book-cases and cabinets having been completed, and the collections removed thither and properly distributed and arranged, the Museum was at length opened for study and public inspection, on the 15th of January, 1759. Besides the £20,000 paid for the Sloanean, and the £10,000 for the Harleian Collections, and £10,000 for Montague House, the sum of £28,663 1lös. was laid out in the purchase of £30,000 Three per cent. Reduced Annuities, and appropriated to the maintenance of the establishment; and the remaining £26,531 3s. 2d. raised by the Lottery scarcely sufliced to defray the expenses of repairs, cases, furniture, removing the collections, and various other incidental charges.” From such small beginnings did the great Zoological Depart- ment develop into its present position. A history of Montague House is to be found in Timbs’ “Romance of London.” The original house was burnt down in January 1686. The second house was variously described as a “mansion” and as a “ palace.” It must have been splendidly built to have borne the weight of some of the exhibits, such as fossils, meteorites, ete., on the upper floors. The “Synopsis” of 1808 gives us some idea of the building, which was surrounded by gardens and a high wall; and a pieture, with plans of the various rooms, is to be found in Edwards’ “ Lives of the Founders of the British Museum,” &vo, 1870. When the present British Museum replaced Old Montague House, in 1845, the gardens were done away with and the outer wall abolished, being replaced by the iron railings and the smooth lawns of the present day. In the old days the procedure of those visiting the Museum was as follows :— “On entering the gate of the Museum a spacious quadrangle presents itself, with an Ionic colonnade on the south side, and the main building on the north [it measured 216 feet in length and 57 in height to the top of the cornice]; the two wings being allotted for the dwellings of the ofücers. The architect, Peter Birds. 157 Puget, a native of Marseilles, and an artist of the first eminence in his time, was sent over from Paris by Ralph, first Duke of Montague, for the sole purpose of constructing this splendid mansion.” The ground-floor consisted of twelve rooms, and was devoted to the Library of Printed Books, to which “strangers were not admitted, as the mere sight of the outside of books cannot convey either instruction or amusement.” “The companies, on being admitted, according to the regulations,” says the “Synopsis” of the year 1808, “are immediately conducted up the great staircase, the decorations of which have been lately restored. The paintings on the ceiling, representing Phaeton petitioning Apollo for leave to drive his chariot, are by Charles de la Fosse, who in his time was deemed ene of the best colourists of the French school, and of whom there are many valuable performances in France, amongst which are the paintings on the cupola of the dome of the Invalides, which are ranked among the admiranda of Paris. The land- scapes and architectural decorations are by James Rousseau, whose particular skill in perspective has at all times been held in high estimation.” ““ From the great staircase strangers are conducted into the first room of the upper storey, containing a miscellaneous collec- tion of modern works of art, from all parts of the world. The ceiling of this room, representing the Fall of Phaeton, is painted by La Fosse.” On this upper floor were twelve rooms (see “ Synopsis,” p. 4). Room I. was devoted to modern works of art. Room LI. was “empty” in the year 1808, its contents having been removed into other apartments upon the transfer of the collections of Antiquities into the new building. Rooms III., IV., V., VI., and VII. were occupied by the collections of Manuscripts. The Saloon seems to have been unutilized for exhibition-cases at that time, but it must have been a fine room. We read in the same “ Synopsis” (p. 15) :—“ The dome of this grand apartment was painted by the above-mentioned La Fosse. It has generally been described as representing the Apotheosis of Iris; Walpole, in his “ Anecdotes of Painting,” deviates still further from the truth by naming the subject the Apotheosis of Isis; but the most probable conjecture is that the painter meant it to exhibit the birth of Minerva, that goddess fully attired being the 158 Zoology. most prominent figure. Jupiter is immediately above her ; and about him are three female figures with stars over their heads, administering to him, one of them pouring nectar, or some healing ointment, upon his head. On one side of Minerva is Vulcan, and elose to him Cupid with an axe in his hand ; on the other side is Mercury, seemingly starting to announce the happy tidings on earth. The other heathen divinities surround this group in admiration of the event; and in a lower compartment opposite the chimney are the Vices expelled from heaven on the manifestation of Wisdom. In the six medallions near the corners of the room are figured some of the principal achieve- ments of Minerva. In the first, over the door of the MS. Department, she is assisting Perseus in cutting off the head of Medusa ; in the second she, with some of the Muses, presides over harmony; in No. 3 she kills a lion (an emblem of her valour) ; in No. 4 she assists Jupiter in fighting the Titans; in No. 5 she contends with Neptune about the naming of Athens ; and in No. 6 is figured the fable of Arachne metamorphosed by her into a spider. Between these medallions are groups of winged boys, emblematically alluding to their several employ- ments, to arts, sciences, commerce, and war. “The landscapes and architectural decorations are by the same J. Rousseau who painted in the staircase ; and the garlands of flowers are by John Baptist Monoyer, the most eminent flower painter of his time.” Over the chimney is a full-length portrait of King George II. by Shackleton, and in the middle stands a table, composed of a variety of lavas from Mount Vesuvius, presented by the Earl of Exeter. Room VIII. contained the Mineral collections, Room IX. the Petrifactions and Shells, Room X. Vegetable productions and Zoophytes, with Insects, Shells, ete., many being spirit specimens. The Birds were to be found in Room XI., disposed, so far as convenience would admit, according to the Linn&an mode of arrangement, viz., into six great divisions or orders, the separa- tions of which were marked by white lines between each. Some birds, however, on account of the large size of the cases in which they were contained, could not conveniently be stationed in their proper orders, and were therefore disposed on the upper part of the general divisions. The Birds were classified under the headings of Aceipitres, Pics, Anseres, Gralle, Galline, and Passeres. Those selected Birds. 159 for particular notice were a young Adjutant, which was described as “a young Hazgil, or Giant Crane, from India, which, when full grown, is by far the largest of all the Heron tribe” ; other birds were the “ Argus Pheasant, from Sumatra, the Black or Crested Curasso-bird, the Shining African Thrush, the Long- shafted Goatsucker from Sierra Leone, etc.” “Some birds, on account of their inconvenient size, could not be admitted into the general assortment. Of these the most remarkable is the Cassowary, an Indian bird which some ornitho- logists place among the Gralls, others among the Galline, and others in a particular division distinet from both.” The following interesting account of the painting of the Dodo follows on p. 47 :——“ We must not omit a curious pivture, executed - long ago in Holland, of that extremely rare and curious bird the Dodo, belonging to the tribe Galline, and a native of the island of Bourbon. The picture was taken from a living specimen, brought into Holland, soon after the discovery of the passage to the East Indies by the Cape of Good Hope, by the Portuguese. It was once the property of Sir Hans Sloane, and afterwards of the celebrated ornithologist George Edwards, who presented it to the British Museum.” It is undated, but is probably one of several painted by Roelandt Savery between 1626 and 1678. (Of. Newton, Dict. B., pp. 157, 158.) There were two table-cases in this Room XI., one containing nests, *“amongst the most curious of which are several hanging- nests, chiefly formed by birds of the Oriole tribe ; nests of a small species of Asiatic Swallow, resembling isinglass in substance, and considered as a great delicacy by the Chinese, who use it in preparing a rich soup called bird-nest soup ; two nests of a small bird called the Taylor-bird, composed of leaves sewed together ; bills of various rare birds, of which the most remarkable are several kinds of Rhinoceros-birds’ bills, quills, feathers of the great South American vulture called the Condor, a leg of a Dodo, in a glass.” (Cf. Newton, l.c.) On the second table were deposited a variety of eggs and nests, among them those of the Östrich, Cassowary, Crocodile, etc. Mammals were in “cases between the windows,” the Black Ourang Outang in a young state, the Chestnut Ourang Outang, in a young state, a long-tailed Macauco, ete. “Im other parts of the room were to be found the ‘Sea Otter, the Musk, from Thibet,’ the ‘Vampyre, or Great South American Bat,’ the ‘Platypus anatinus, or Duck-bill’ (by some called Ornithorhynchus 160 Zoology. paradoxus), from New Holland, the most singular of all quad- rupeds, a large Antelope, etc.” Room XII. was the spirit-room of the time, with “ Fishes, Serpents, Lizards, Frogs, ete., as well as many specimens of Quad- rupeds, preserved in spirits.” The edition of the “Synopsis” published in 1813 follows the plan of the earlier 1808 edition, and the arrangement seems to have differed but very slightly during the five years which had elapsed. The Ground Floor was still given up to the Printed Books, and on the Upper Floor Room II. was “ appropriated to the use of readers,” as well as Rooms III. and IV., which con- tained Manuscripts, as did Rooms V., VI. and VII. The Saloon still remained unoccupied, but was to receive the Mineral collec- tions; and the contents of Rooms VIII., IX., X., XI., were the same as in 1808, with nothing particular added to the collection of Birds. Two years later (ed. 1815) only the second Room on the Upper Floor was assigned for the use of readers, but the Greville Collection and the rest of the minerals had now been transferred to the great Saloon. Room IX. still held the collection of Shells, but the Birds were now housed in Room X., and the account of the cases was given more fully than before. Thus we read (p. 59) :—“ The Birds are arranged after the system of Linnzus. The most interesting part of the collection of Birds, serving to exhibit the general arrangement of the animals of that class, are contained in cases round the room.” Nos. 1-4. “ Aceipitres, rapacious birds or birds of prey,” amongst them being “a singular variety of the Pondicherry Eagle,” etc., and the Californian Vulture. This was the type of Vultur californianus of Shaw, who was Keeper of the Zoological Department at the time. This specimen is extant in the Museum to-day. Nos. 5 and 6. The upper shelf contained the Horned Owls, etc. ; second shelf: the Spotted Shrike, the Black and Yellow Shrike, with other birds of that genus; third shelf: Thrushes and Orioles, amongst which the Yellow-erowned Thrush, the Spendent [i.e. Splendent] Thrush and the Black-crested Oriole are the most remarkable. The lower shelf: the Cape Coly, Nutcracker Crow, Cornish Chough, etc. No. 7. Upper shelf: The Sanguineous Paradise Bird, Abys- sinian Hornbill ; second shelf: various species of Grosbeaks and Sparrows ; third shelf: Warblers, Flycatchers, and Larks; fourth Birds. 161 shelf: Swallows and Goatsuckers, amongst which that rare species, the Sierra Leone Goatsucker, is the most eurious. No. 8. Upper shelf: Toucans, the Smooth-billed Pogonius, Barbets ; second shelf : White-bellied Coucal, Variegated Coucal, Lathamian Coucal, Cuckoos ; third shelf: Woodpeckers ; fourth shelf: Woodpeckers, Kingfishers, and Jacamars. No. 9 contains the Columbine birds or Pidgeons, the most conspicuous of which are the Crowned Pidgeon and the Green Pidgeon of Africa. Nos. 10 and 11. Upper shelf: Small African Bustard, Argus Pheasant ; second shelf: the Ring Pheasant ; third shelf: varie- ties of the Common Pheasant, the tail of an unknown species [!] ; lower shelf : the Pencil and Golden Pheasants, the Jungle Cock of India, which some have supposed to be the original stock from whence our domestic fowls have sprung. Nos. 12 and 13. Upper shelf: Horned Screamer, Wood Grouse, etc. ; following shelves: various species of Partridges, Grouse and Quails, amongst which the Lineated Partridge, the Streaked Partridge, the Tufted Quail, and the Crowned Quail are the most interesting. On the lower shelf is likewise a specimen of the Pintado, from Africa, in its wild state. Nos. 14 and 15. The Adjutant Crane, Tiger Bittern, Night Heron, Boatbill, Tufted Umber, and the White and Rose-coloured Spoonbills, etc. Nos. 16 and 17. Upper shelf: Scarlet Curlew, the common African Curlew, etc. ; second shelf: Long-legged Plover, Scarlet Flamingo, ete.; third shelf: African Snipe, varieties of the Ruff, a Ruff in its young state, and the Reeve, which is its female, etc. ; lower shelf: Spur-winged Jacana, American and common Avoset, etc. Nos. 18 and 19. Upper shelf: Great Northern Diver, several varieties of Darters, ete.; second shelf: Etherial Tropic-bird, Terns, ete. ; third shelf: Ducks, amongst them the Lobated Duck from New Holland is the most remarkable ; lower shelf:: different species of Merganser. “No. 20 contains some curious nests and eggs of birds; the Soup-nests, formed by two species of Swallow; the nest of the Taylor-Bird, ete.; in the lowermost division is deposited the supposed leg of the Dodo, etc.” The remaining cases, Nos. 21 to 58, were devoted to the Invertebrata (Shells, Crabs, etc.). Such was the report on the collection of Birds in 1815. We VOL. II. M 162 Zoology. learn also from the same guide-book or “ Synopsis” that the ornithological series, consisting chiefly of the Sloanean specimens, was “insensibly becoming retrograde in its comparative value ; in order to supply the former of these deficiencies, the Trustees being, in the year 1769, informed that a large collection of stuffed Birds, in uncommon preservation, had been brought over from Holland by a person of the name of Greenwood, who, having for a time exhibited them to the public, became desirous to dispose of them at a reasonable price, they readily availed themselves of the opportunity and purchased the whole for the sum of £460. Many additions were afterwards made by purchases and donations ; and the aggregate soon formed, not indeed a complete, but an exten- sive and curious a collection as any perhaps at that time extant.” It will be noted by the ornithologist who knows anything of the commencement of the Bird-collection in the British Museum, that no particular mention is made in the foregoing account of any specimens obtained by Captain Cook and Sir Joseph Banks during their voyages round the world; and yet it seems likely that some specimens had been given by Sir Joseph Banks, who is included in the list of those Trustees who were often Donors ; but ornithological specimens were apparently not among his gifts at that time. The account of this great naturalist is as follows :—“ To the list [of Trustees who were donors] must be added the name of the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart., K.B., who, after his return from his circumnavigation, deposited at different times in the Museum numerous collections of natural and artificial curiosi- ties from the newly discovered islands in the South Seas, which, with considerable additions since "made by the Admiralty, Captain Cook, and other ofücers who had performed similar distant and perilous voyages, form now a very conspicuous part of the Museum. Among the many donations of various kinds which Sir Joseph Banks has since bestowed, and still con- tinues to confer upon the establishment, we must not omit to mention a large set of Icelandic books, both printed and manu- script, which he collected in a voyage he made in the year 1772 to that island. Nor can the public be uninformed of the indefatigable zeal he has ever displayed in his endeavours, as a Trustee, to advance the honour and advantages of this Institu- tion, which, together with his many other exertions for the benefit of science, must ever rank him among her best friends and strenuous promoters.” Birds. 163 Room VIII. contained further Mineral exhibitions, and Room IX. was devoted partly to Geology and to the Inverte- brata, with a very perfect specimen of the skull and horns of the Irish Elk on the walls. Room X. contained the Bird colleetion, which has been described above, and also Crustacea, Arachnides, Insects, etc., while the collection of Mollusca was arranged in table-cases in the centre of the room. Room XI. held the Quadrupeds, among them the Black ÖOurang-outang and the Chestnut Ourang-outang, both in a young state, a large Antelope, a small ditto, etc., while on the walls were cases containing Sword-fish, etc. Room XII. was the spirit-room of that day, and had Reptilia and Fish in spirit, as well as many Mammals. We are informed in the “ Synopsis” (p. xv) that “the original building being by no means sufliciently spacious for the reception of this and the Egyptian collections, Parliament has from time to time voted suflicient supplies for the purpose of erecting an additional edifice, which is now completed, and a magnificent collection of ancient sculpture is at length opened for the inspection of strangers as well as for the improvement of artists, an advantage which the students in the fine arts have never before enjoyed in this country.” The collection of Antiquities occupied thirteen rooms, the Portland Vase being exhibited in the ante-room to Room XII. The next edition of the “Synopsis” in our library at the Natural History Museum is the fourteenth, printed by Richard and Arthur Taylor, Shoe Lane, in 1518. The “ Introduction ” was now omitted from the ‘“ General Guide,” but it could be obtained from the messenger at the Museum. Considerable modifications seem to have been made in the arrangement of the different collections. The ground floor is still devoted to the Printed Books, but on the upper floor the lst Room is devoted principally to Ethnology. The articles of dress and weapons from the South Sea Islands must have been mostly from Cook’s voyages and Banks’ donations, though the fact is not stated. Room II. (for the use of readers) is now “empty.” Rooms IIT.-VII. do not appear to have been altered, and contained the Manuscripts. The “Saloon ” is still devoted to the collection of Minerals, of which a full account is once more given, with certain improvements and italicisation, and a plan of the “order of the table cases in the Saloon.” An “ Alphabetical List of the Mm2 164 Zoology. Minerals is also given, with references to the Table Cases and the Diagram,” by which anyone could refer without diftieulty to specimens exhibited. In this year we find that the Birds have been moved to Room VIII. The classification has been changed, and the wall space seems to have been more ample, as the collection of Birds and nests occupied only thirteen cases, instead of twenty. The collection of Mollusca occupied table-cases on the floor of the room as before, and the Echinoderma, Star-fishes, and some Corals were also in table-cases in this room. Room IX. was filled with Geologieal and Palsontological specimens, and Room X. with the “ British Oryetognostic Collection,” or British simple mineral substances. Room XI. is to be “appropriated to British Zoology,” and is at present under arrangement. The spirit collection and the stuffed Mammals, which were housed in Rooms XI. and XII. in the previous Synopsis, are not mentioned in the edition of 1818. The “ Synopsis ” of 1819 is almost a reprint of the previous edition, and it is curious that in neither of these editions is any reference made to the purchase of Colonel Montagu’s British collection, acquired by the Trustees in 1816. It must have been this collection which required Room XI. for its exhibition, and in 1819 we find that the arrangement of the British Birds was completed, and in the cases between the windows were to be placed the spirit-specimens of KReptiles, Fishes, etc. The “Synopsis” by this time has grown in size, as the collections increased and were more minutely described, and the 15th edition had risen to 162 pages instead of 92 pages as in the previous year. The 14th edition, o£ 1818, and the 17th edition, of 1820 (printed by, Richard and Arthur Taylor, Shoe Lane), vary but little from the preceding ones, but the descriptions of the various collections are improved in many instances. Four years later, in 1824, the size of the “Synopsis” has been somewhat increased ; it was printed by G. Woodfall, Angel Court, Skinner Street. The arrangement, however, is the same, and the Second Room on the Upper Floor, which was empty in 1820, now contains “ miscellaneous objects under arrangement.” In the Third Room, the Lansdowne Library of Manuscripts, acquired in 1807, is not yet finally arranged, the same announcement having been made four years before. The collection of Minerals in the Saloon Birds. 165 appears to have been increased somewhat, as the plan of the Table-cases shows an addition of two to their number. In Room VIII. the order of the Birds is once more slightly changed, and some additions have been made since the last “ Synopsis,” such as the “ Manura” from New Holland, and the Argus Pheasant. The “ Scarlet Curlew ” of previous editions is now correctly called the “Scarlet Ibis.” Dr. J. E. Gray was appointed assistant in the Zoological Department in 1824, and a change in the classification and arrangement in the Mollusca in the Bird-room appears to have taken place. Rooms IX. and X. contained Petrifactions and the British Oryctognostic collection. Room XI. The British Birds are housed here, and the collection of eggs is arranged along with the birds, in separate glass cases, their numbers corresponding to those affixed to the mounted specimens. Cases 23 and 24 contain nests, windpipes, and other parts of various British Birds. An “ Alphabetical List of the English names of the Birds in this room ” is also printed. The 23rd edition of the “Synopsis,” 1826, is almost a verbatim reprint of that of 1824 (also called the 23rd edition), as far as the natural history collections are concerned. The next edition of the “Synopsis ” in our Museum Library is that of 1832 (twenty-sixth edition), and the book has now grown to be a small volume of 236 pages, being again printed by G. Woodfall, Angel Court, Skinner Street. C. König was Keeper in 1832, and J. E. Gray and G. R. Gray were both assistants. This “Synopsis” shews a great improvement in descriptive work, and the collections have been much advanced, particularly as regards the Mammalia, many additions from Sir E. Parry’s Arctie voyages being recorded. On the first landing-place of the great staircase are a Musk Ox, from Melville Island, and a Polar Bear, “procured in the late Arctic expeditions, and presented by the Lords of the Admiralty.” On the upper landing are a male and female Giraffe, or Camelopard, from South Africa, presented by W. J. Bur- chell, Esgq. ; a Great Seal, said to be from the north-west coast of Britain, and an Ursine Seal, presented by Capt. Fitzroy, R.N. In this account of the Museum attention is drawn to the various ethnological collections presented to the nation by Captain Cook and Sir Joseph Banks, whose names are specially mentioned as donors, as well as that of Mr. Archibald Menzies. 166 Zoology. Rooms II., III. and IV. are devoted to the Sloanean and Banksian collections of Plants, and to Sir William Smith’s _ collection of English Fossils, “arranged according to the strata in which they were found.” Rooms V., VI, VII. were oceupied by Sir Joseph Banks’ Library, with some cabinets of Insects in Room VI. The Birds have been removed from Room VIII. to Room XII, the place of the birds being taken by ethnological specimens. The Saloon is now occupied by the collection of Mammalia, in which appears, as a curiosity, “a Mule-whelp between the Lion and Tiger, born at Atkins’ travelling menagerie at Windsor.” In Room IX. are stated to be portraits of Sir Hans Sloane, the founder of the collection of Natural History, and an original pieture of John Rae, one of the earliest and most illustrious of scientific British Naturalists, The latter is now in the Natural History Museum. In the same room are deposited the collections of Amphibious and Invertebrate Animals, preserved in spirits, and the overflow of large Mammals from the Saloon. The Batrachia and Crustacea, with other Invertebrata, were also exhibited, many of them in spirits. Room X. contained the collection of Reptiles in spirits, Tortoises, Crocodiles, ete. A full description is given of these collections (pp. 47-68). “In the Table Cases, in the centre of the room, are arranged the Collection of Foreign Radiated Animals.” Room XI. is now dedicated to the general collection of Fish and Crabs, and the table-cases contain the remainder of the Radiated Animals. . Room XII. is now the home of the Bird collection, arranged in glazed cases, with the collection of Shells in table-cases. There are 42 cases for the Birds, instead of 22 as in 1826. The Royal collection of books having now been received, there appears to have been a “Long Gallery” above the “King’s Library,” and to this the collection of Minerals was transferred. The series of native Birds, of which Dr. Leach had published a catalogue in 1816, was chiefly composed of the Montagu Collection, and even at the time when I succeeded George Robert Gray, the British collection mainly consisted of the Montagu series. Two years later the 2Sth edition of the “ Synopsis ” (1834) gives evidence of continued progress in the natural history collections. Birds. 167 Beside the Giraffes on the first landing was now a River Horse, or Hippopetamus, from South Africa. The contents of the various rooms were much as before, but Rooın XIT. is given over to the British Collection of Birds and their eggs, shells, etc. The general series of Birds is exhibited in Room XIII. No striking alteration in arrangement of the Birds is shown in any of the following: 29th edition (1835), 31st (1836), 33rd (1837), 36th (1838), 38th (1839). In 1840, however, when Sir Henry Ellis was Principal Librarian, and Dr. John Edward Gray was Keeper, considerable changes have been made. The 42nd edition of the “ Synopsis ” is now a bulky little volume of 370 pages, and the descriptions of all the collections are much enlarged, and we find the names of Darwin, Rüppell, Burchell, and other well-known explorers, whose collections have con- tributed to the increase of the series. The Saloon contained the Mammalia, both the mounted specimens as well as those in spirit being in “upright glazed cases round the room, the smaller in those between the windows, and the Bats in shallow cases aflixed to the others.” Shells, Corals, Insects, and Crustacea were “arranged in a series in the table-cases of the several rooms.” Room IX. had additional stuffed Mammalia, as well as spirit-specimens, Reptilia, Mollusca, ete., and in Room X. was the collection of Reptilia in spirits, with a full account of them, and a table of their classification, doubtless the work of Dr. J. E. Gray himself. The mounted collection of Fish, as well as the specimens in spirits, occupied Room XI. The “ Northern Zoological Gallery” had apparently not long been finished, as Sir Henry Ellis, in his introduction, describes the additional buildings and galleries gradually ordered by the Government for the large collections as they were purchased or presented. In 1823, on “the donation, of His Majesty King George IV., of the library collected by King George III., the Government ordered drawings to be prepared for the erection of an entire new Museum, a portion of one wing of which was to be oceupied by the recently acquired library. This wing, on the eastern side of the then Museum Garden, was finished in 1828; and the northern, and a part of the western compartment of a projected square, have since been completed. The Townley Gallery at present joins on to the centre of the western compartment ; and Montague House, the old building of the Museum, continues to form the general front.” 168 Zoology. In the Northern Zoological Gallery, separated into five rooms, were all kinds of lower animals—Sponges and Corallines in the table-cases of Room I., Echinoderma, Holothurians, Star-fishes, ete.,, in Room II, Radiated animals, Zoophytes, etc., in Room III., Insects and Crustacea in Room IV., and “ Annulose animals ” in Room V. Considerable information concerning the objects in all these rooms is given, with tables of classifieation : all this was doubtless Dr. Gray’s work. In the “ Eastern Zoological Gallery” was the collection of mounted Birds, the British species being distinguished by a letter “ B” printed at the end of the pedestal. The account of the bird-colleetion is also very full, with a tabular classification at the end. This part of the guide was certainly written by George Robert Gray. Down the Bird-Gallery were the table- cases containing the Shells. The Mollusca were personally under the charge of the Keeper, who with Mrs. Gray, arranged the collection. A very full description, with a table of classification, is given by Dr. J. E. Gray of this portion of the collection. The 45rd edition of the “Synopsis,” published in 1841, is again a bulky little volume of nearly 400 pages, but does not differ very much from the edition of 1840, though it is amplified in many respects. Rooms XII.-XIII. of the upper floor have now become the “ Mammalia Room ” and the “ Mammalia Saloon.” The Bird-Gallery was the same as I remember it when I took charge of the ornithological colleetions in 1872, and the shell- cabinets occupied the floor space, having a separate gallery apportioned to them on the removal of the Natural History collections to the new Museum at South Kensington. The British Birds and the collection of British Birds’ Eggs, the latter including two specimens of the egg of the Great Auk (Plautus impennis), were at some time or other transferred to the British Room in the Northern Gallery, and the eggs, which were stuck down on wooden tablets and exposed to the light, soon became bleached and rotten. In 1842, however, the collection of eggs was exhibited in table-cases in the Bird- Gallery, as we learn from the 44th edition of the “ Synopsis.” There is nothing new to remark upon in this edition, excepting that a catalogue is given of the paintings which used to hang on the walls of the old Bird-Gallery at Bloomsbury. Some of these portraits are extremely interesting, among them being those of Sir Hans Sloane, John Ray, and others. Birds. 169 The Museum Library does not contain quite all the successive editions of the “Synopsis” after the 44th edition of 1842. Those examined by me have been the 46th (1844), 47th (1844), 48th (1845), 49th (1846), 50th (1847), 52nd (1847), 53rd (1848), 54th (1849), 55th (1850), 57th (1851). After 1842 the descrip- tions of the zoological objects were much curtailed in the “Synopsis,” as a separate “Guide to the Zoological Collections ” was to be obtained in the Hall (cf. 46th ed., p. 10, note). The 46th and 47th editions are apparently identical, and both were issued in 1544. Those of 1845, 1846 and 1847 (edd. 48, 49, 50) differ only in small particulars from the previous issues. The 5lst edition is not in the Library, but doubtless did not differ from the others published in the same year, as the 52nd to the 55th editions show little change asfar as the Birds are concerned. The 56th edition is unfortunately missing from the set in our Library, but the 57th is interesting as showing some alterations in the case of the British Birds and their eggs, which were removed from the Eastern Gallery to the 3rd Room of the Northern Gallery, to join the general British Collection as there arranged. This plan of exhibition remained unaltered till the time of the removal of the collections to the Natural History Museum at Kensington. Since the early voyages had enriched the British Museum with their valuable but ill-prepared results, many collections had been added. Leaving aside for the moment several valuable additions, which are duly chronicled below, one of the principal donations was that of General Hardwicke, who during his service in the Indian army made a collection of drawings of Eastern birds by native artists, which afterwards formed the basis of Gray and Hardwicke’s “Illustrations of Indian Zoology.” He likewise presented to the British Museum a number of mounted specimens of birds from all parts of the world, and many of these specimens were so well mounted that they would not have disgraced the best of modern taxidermists. General Hardwicke seems to have been endued with extraordinary enthusiasm for the study of natural history, and to have been a god-send to the Museum in its earlier development. An oil-painting of this “ grand old man” of zoology is to be found in the Natural History Museum. Sir John Richardson gives the following account of General Hardwicke (see Report Brit. Ass., 1845, p. 188, note) :— 170 Zoology. “General Hardwicke began his collections of illustrations of Asiatic zoology in the last century, and continued them till his final return to this country in 1818. He lost many specimens and the fruit of much labour by three several shipwrecks; but this, instead of damping his ardour, roused him to fresh exertions, and he was busy up to the time of his death in preparing his collections for publication, the scientific part having been under- taken by Mr. Gray. Among the drawings of fish which he procured, there are some by Major Neeld, others by Major Farquhar, and a considerable number copied from the drawings of Buchanan Hamilton, by that gentleman’s consent, and by the same artists whom he employed. This is mentioned because a charge of piracy has been made in the ‘“Calcutta Journal’ against General Hardwicke, who was however too high-minded to appropriate to himself the labours of others without due acknow- ledgement ; and the careful references in his own writing on the drawings of Buchanan Hamilton show that he had no intention of claiming anything that belonged to that distinguished natu- ralist. The General bequeathed his specimens, and the whole of his collections of drawings, amounting to twenty folio volumes, to the British Museum, and also set apart a sum of money to defray the expenses of publishing the scientific description of them. His collections have been deposited, as he wished, in the national institution, but his intentions respecting the publication have been entirely frustrated by a Chancery suit which was instituted soon after his death.” The great collections presented by Mr. Bryan Hodgson, from Nepal, Sikhim and Tibet, marked an era in the history of the Zoologieal Department ; but the scientific value of this collection depended mainly upon the series of coloured drawings of the birds executed by native artists, while the skins from wlıch the drawings had been taken were apparently of secondary account, and were very roughly prepared, with a label generally tied round the neck of the specimen, bearing a number which corre- sponded with the coloured pieture of the species. The Hodgson donation dealt mainly with the birds of the Himalayas, with the exception of one collection of skins from Behar; and for many years the Museum lacked a representative series from the greatest dependency of the Empire. Thanks to the donations of Mr. Allan Hume, C©.B., Colonel Wardlaw Ramsay, Dr. F. D. Godman and Mr. Osbert Salvin, Mr. Radcliffe Saunders, and the bequests of Mr. Henry Seebohm Dirds. 171 and Mr. Philip Crowley, the ornithological collection of the British Museum has gradually been raised to the foremost position, and one of its most formidable rivals, the Honourable Walter Rothschild, is at the same time one of its most generous patrons. I believe that the utmost estimate of the number of birds’ skins and eggs in the year 1872, when I first took oflice, would be 30,000, or 35,000 at the most. At the present moment, the series is more than 400,000 in number, of which the eggs alone number close on 100,000, The donations are chronicled in detail below. One more remark may be permitted. The collection of the British Museum must always be of priceless value, as it contains the material on which was founded the “ Catalogue of Birds,” being a description of all the known species of birds in the world. The great collections presented or be- queathed to the Museum during the past twenty years were formed with the distinct idea of illustrating the natural history and geographical distribution of birds, and these collections afford material for exact study unequalled by any other museum in the world. In the following pages are given the details of the gradual progress of the Ornithological Section, as far as it has been possible to compile the record from existing documents. 172 Zoology. II. CHRONOLOGICAL ACCOUNT OF THE PRINCIPAL ACCESSIONS TO COLLECTION OF BIRDS TO THE END OF 1905. In the foregoing pages I have given an account of the formation of the bird-collection so far as it could be gathered from different publications. No actual registers were kept during the early days of the Museum, and it was not until 1837 that a formal register was started. Before that date G. R. Gray had commenced a MS. catalogue of the collection of Birds, and this exists in several vellum-bound books, most of which are still to be found in the bird-room. They are occasionally of service in hunting up the history of some of the ancient specimens. As already stated, the specimens from Sir Hans Sloane’s collection have long ago perished, and of those presented by Sir Joseph Banks but one specimen now survives, as far as I, can discover. Some few birds were afterwards received from the Northern Land expeditions, being presented by Sir John Richardson, Admiral Sir George Back, and others; but the specimens described by Swainson and Richardson in the “Fauna Boreali-Americana” do not appear to have been pre- sented to the nation in their entirety. During the time that the Zoological Society of London possessed a museum of its own, most of the birds collected by the exploring voyages, such as the Beagle, the Sulphur, and other ships, were given to the Society, instead of to the British Museum. When the Zoological Society decided to give up its museum these valuable collections were acquired by the British Museum, but the task of selection (presumably by G. R. Gray) was not too carefully performed, and several types were overlooked, which ultimately found their way into private museums, such as that of the late T. ©. Eyton, for instance. When the Banksian collection of birds was presented I have no record. It is certain that some of the specimens procured during Captain Cook’s voyages were presented, on the return of the ships, to the Leverian Museum, Bullock’s Museum, etc., while others still remained in Sir Joseph Banks’ possession. Thus much we may gather from a study of Latham’s “ General Synopsis of Birds,” which mentions several species as being in the above-named collections. Bade 173 Although the disappearance of the actual specimens is never sutbieiently to be regretted, some little compensation for their loss is to be found in the collection of drawings made by the artists whom Banks employed during the voyages of Capt. Cook. These “ Drawings” came into the possession of.the British Museum with the rest of the Banksian Library, and they are now preserved in the Natural History Museum at South Kensington. PARKINSON’S DRAWINGS. The earliest of these collections is that of SypxEyY PARKINson, who accompanied Sir Joseph Banks as draughtsman, on Capt. Cook’s first voyage round the world (1768-1771). See Hist. Coll. Brit. Mus., I. (Libraries), p. 44. The figures of birds are 32 in number (Plates 7-38). Many of them are mere peneil outlines, and it is tolerably certain that all the artists who accompanied Banks on Captain Cook’s voyages, Parkinson, George Forster, and Ellis, were in the habit of drawing an outline, sometimes colouring the bill and feet from the freshly shot bird, but much of the colour- ing was left to be filled in at home from the actual specimens, and in many cases this was never done. Pl. 7. “No. 12, Falco. The colour of the beak pale bluish- grey, the feet dirty grey blue. Terra dei Fuego.” This plate, which is a pencil sketch only, is apparently intended to represent Ibyeter chimango (Vieill.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., i.,p. 41 (1874). Pl. 8. “No. 5, Green Peroquet, Otahite. Aa.” = Üyanorhamphus erythronotus (Kuhl.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., x=,,P-2909)). Kuhl’s type of his Psittacus erythronotus was in Bullock’s Museum, and thence came into the British Museum, but is no longer to be found there (ef. Salvad., £.c., p. 580, note). It is not mentioned in G. R. Gray’s list of Psittacidse (p. 12, 1859). Pl. 9. “No 3, Blue Perroquet. The face, throat and breast white, romp and neck dirty grey, turning blue towards the edge, the feet and beak a bright orange, claws black, all the rest of the body wt dark ultra[marine], shaded wt Pfale] B[lue], like shining blue steel. Avinne.” This plate, which is only a pencil sketch, most probably repre- sentsthe Otaheitan Blue Parrakeet of Latham, Gen. Syn.,i.,p. 255 174 Zoology. (Psittacus taitianus, Gm.), Coriphilus taitianus, Salvad., Cat. B. Brit. Mus., xx., p. 46 (1891). Pl. 10. “The whole bird black, spots on the head and on the shoulders dirty white, the breast feathers waved with pale brown, the outer feathers of the tail scarlet and yellow with narrow facia of black, the iris dark brown, the pupil black, the beak dirty white, with the point of the upper mandible dark grey. Black Cockatoo.” This plate, which is also a pencil sketch, represents one of the Black Cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus). Parkinson in his Journal (p. 144) writes: “Large black Cocatoes, with scarlet and orange-coloured feathers on their tails, and some white spots between the beak and the ear, as well as one on each wing.” Latham, deseribing his Banksian Cockatoo (Gen. Syn., Suppl., p. 63, pl. eix.) refers to Parkinson’s Black Cockatoo as being probably identical. Pl. 11. “The beak very dark brown, changing gradually into yellowish toward the base of the upper mandible; the feet purple brown, the length of the wing in the natural size 7% inches. Anas antarctica. Terra del Fuego.” ’ \ A peneil sketch japparently referable to Nettion flavirostre (V.); Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 261. Pl. 12. “The head, neck, breast and back soot colour, which gradually grows paler on the coverts of the wings to their edges, which are bordered with white; the large wing feathers and the tail are the same sooty colour but shaded with M. blk. The üpper coverts of the tail and the sides pure white; the beak blk., as are the feet, with a spot of yellow on each web. Dec. 22, 1768.” — Oceanites oceanieus (Kuhl); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p- 358. Kuhl (Beitr., p. 136, 1820) gives the first description of this species, but calls it “ Procellaria oceanica, Banks,” and quotes Tab. 12 of Banks’ pictures, this being of course the above- mentioned drawing of Parkinson’s. It is not, however, Kuhl’s actual type of the species, as the specimen was described by him as having been formerly in Ridell’s collection, but now in that of Temminck. It does not appear in the Catalogue of the “ Museum des Pays Bas.” Bl. Bi. Pl: 21. Pl. >. Bl. Bl, Birds. #7 13. “No. 6, Procellaria zequorea; Dec. 23, 1768; Lat. 37° South. The throat, breast and belly white; the Remiges, Rectrices, and beak black; the feet black, on the webs marks of yellow as mark’d out in the figure.” Is Pelagodroma marina (Lath.); Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 362. P. zquorea is the name (unpublished) given by Solander to this species in his MS. notes, as related by Mr. Salvin (Orn. Mise., i., p. 227). 14. “ The large feathers of the wing, the tail, beak and feet are black, the belly and coverts of the tail white, December 23rd, 1768. Lat. 37° South.” Is Oymodroma grallaria (Vieill.); cf. Salvin, Orn. Mise., 1., p. 238 ; id., Cat. B., xxv., p. 366. 15. “The beak a pale blueish lead-eolour, the legs and toes pale blue w‘ a cast of purple; the webs dirty white. Feb. 1st, 1769. Lat. 59° 00'.” Most probably = Prion desolatus (Gm.) ; Salvin, Cat., xxv., p. 434. 16. “ The beak black, the legs and toes pale violet grey on the outermost toe, the webs dirty white and partly “ grey, veined with dirty purple. Feb. 15, 1769. Lat. 48° 27', Long. 93°.” May be Halobsna czerulea (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Orn. Nlise.,.i., p: 328; id., Cat. B., xxv., p..431. 17. “Feb. 2nd, 1769. Lat. 59° South. Giant Petrel,” Lath., Gen. Syn., vi., p. 397 (1785). Ossifraga gigantea (Gm.); ef. Salvin, Orn. Mise., i., p. 238; id., Cat. B., xxv., p. 422. A pencil outline only. 18. Coloured figure, Ossifraga gigantea ; ef. Salvin, l.e. 19. “Feb. 2nd, 1769. Lat. 58°.” Procellaria fuliginosa, Solander MSS. ; cf. Salvin, Orn. Misec., i., p. 238. = Majaqueus zequinoctialis (Linn.) ; Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p- 395. 20. “The beak is black, the legs and upper part of the feet pallid white, the lower part, where marked oft, dark brown; the claws black ; the under part of the whole bird white. Dec. 23, 1768.” Procellaria sandaliata, Solander MSS.; cf. Salv., Orn. Misc., i., p. 328. = (Estrelata arminjoniana, Gigl. and Salvad. (cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 413). 176 Zoology. Pl. 21. “Bill entirely black, the iris of the eye brown, pupil black. Feb. 1st, 1769. Lat. 59° 00.” Procellaria lugens, Banks MSS. (cf. Kuhl, Beitr., p. 144). = (Estrelata brevirostris (Less.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 409. Pl. 22. The same as 21. Kuhl gives the MS. name of P. lugens, Banks, but he himself refers the figures to Procellaria grisea [nec Gmelin. The earliest published name seems to be that of (Estrelata brevirostris (Less.). Pl. 23. “The beak fuscus, the lower mandible paler and biueish ; the feet of the same colour. Feb. 15, 1769. Lat. 48° 27', Long. 93°.” Neetris fuliginosa, Solander MSS. = Pufinus griseus (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 386. Pl. 24. “ The beak blue grey towards the back, and the point black ; the legs and feet the same colour as in the Procellaria cyanopedo. Nectris munda. Feb. 15, 1769. Lat. 48° 27', Long. 93°.” The late Mr. Osbert Salvin was of opinion that this peneil- sketch represented the species described by Giglioli and Salvadori as Pufinus elegans (Ibis, 1869, pp. 67, 68); cf. Salvin in towley’s Orn. Misc., i., pp. 256, 257, pl. xxxiv. (1876); id., Cat. B., xxv., p. 385. Pl. 25. “The face and throat white as marked of[f] on the figure; the whole body above and below fusco-palido; the belly, the feet, whitish w' a cast of blue, the nails white. Dec. 23rd, 1768. Lat. 37° South. .Diomedea exulans.” > This figure probably represents the young of Diomedea exulans (cf. Salvin, Orn. Mise., i, p. 238; id., Cat. B., xxv., p. 442). a 26. “The bill entirely black, the iris of the eyes yellow- brown, the pupil black ; the skin that goes along the beak from the head pale violet clouded w® pale brown. Feb. 1st, 1769. Lat. 59° 13’. Diomedea antarctica.” = Phebetria fuliginosa (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Orn. Mise., i., p. 238; id., Cat. B., zxv., p. 453. Pl. 27. “ The beak, excepting the back of the upper mandible and part of the under one, is a dirty greenish white. Feb. 3rd, 1769. Lat. 57° 30'.” Is Diomedea profuga, Solander MSS., whichis Thalassogeron Birds. 77 chlororkhynchus (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Orn. Misc., i., p. 238 ; 2d., Ost. B., xxv., p. 451. 28. “The beak is of a lead colour, whitish towards the base of the upper mandible ; the bag is of a dirty orange ; the feathers of the whole body is quite black, having a cast of purple on the back; the feet and claws lead colour.” “Rio Janeero. Specimen lost. To be coloured Pl: Da from No. 3 in log No. . Pelecanus aquilus.” This is no doubt Fregata aquila (Linn.), Cat. B,, xxvi, p. 443. Pl. 29. “ The beak and all the bare part round the eye is a brownish grey, the point only excepted, which is whitish ; the iris of the eyes grey, pupil black, the feet something reddish.” “Terra del Fuego. Pelecanus antarctieus.” It is diffieult to say what this pencil sketch actually repre sents. It may be intended for Phalaerocorax atriceps, King; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 390. In Solander’s MSS. in the Museum library there is a fuller description of Pelecanus antarcticus. Pl. 30. “ Pelecanus serrator.” = Sula serrator, G. R. Gray; cf. Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 428. Solander’s MS. refers to a specimen being procured on the 24th of December, 1769. He gives a full description of the bird. Pl. 31. Phaöton erubescens, Banks’ MSS. = Phaethon rubricauda, Bodd. ; cf. Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. #51. A complete coloured figure inscribed “Sydney Parkinson pinx. 1769. Tawai” [Otaheite Islands]. It bears the name of Phaeton erubescens, of which a full account is given in Solander’s MSS. This name is first published by G. R. Gray in his “ List of Anseres,” p. 182. A life-sized drawing of the head is also figured on this Plate 31. Pl. 32. “ Larus gregarius. Terra del Fuego.” “The beak and feet the col’ of minium ; the breast and belly white w! a cast of red, the same as in the Cocatoo wt the red erest; the claws dark brown ; the length of the wing in the natural size 11 inches.” Mr. Howard Saunders, who has examined this Plate, which is only a pencil outline, is of opinion that it is intended to repre- sent Larus glaucodes, Meyen ; cf. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 203. VOL. Il. N 178 Zoology. In Solander’s MSS. there is a fuller description : “ gregarius, LARUS, albus, supra canus, abdomine pallide incarnato, rectri- eibus nonnullis apice nigris, rostro pedibusque rubris. “Habitat: juxta littora Terre de Fuego, ubi gregatim volitant, et spe totas scopulas cooperiunt.” Pl. 33. “Eperia.” “No. 2. Egg Bird. Otahite.” “ The whole bird interely white ; the beak a lead colour, as are also the toes ; the webs between white ; the Rachi of the wing feathers pale brown and those of the tail black.” Mr. Howard Saunders thinks that this sketch, which is named “Egg Bird,” is intended for Gygis candida (Gm.). It may be noted, however, that the name “Egg Bird” is also applied to Sterna fuliginosa ; ef. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 106. Pl. 34. “ (olumba porphyracea, Forster. Oopaa.” “Green Dove. Otahite.” The Tahiti bird is Ptilopus purpuratus (Gm.), according to Salvadori, Cat. B., xxi., p. 105. Pl. 35. “ Amahö, Columba pectoralis, Otahite. The red on the neck brighter : some of a fine shiny purple.” = Phlogaenas, sp.; cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 601, note, This bird is only known from Latham’s description, which was founded on a specimen in the Banksian Collection (ef. Salvadori, l.e.). It is apparently not mentioned in Solander’s MSS. Pl. 36. “No. 11, Turdus. Terra del Fuego.” A pencil outline, probably intended for Turdus magellaniecus, which is the only species of true Thrush found in the island by Captain Crawshay. Pl. 36, fig. 2. “The whole wings and tail black and little inclining to brown; the feathers of the back at their bases are black and their edges scarlet, which makes it look darker : the scarlet of the Belly is more yellow than the rest : the legs fusca : the beak black excepting the oblong space mark’d of[f] on the base of the under mandible, which is white. Rio Janeiro.” This pencilled figure is intended for Xipholena atropurpurea. Pl. 37, fig. 1. “ Rio de Janeiro.” There is no name given to this figure, but I should say it very fairly represents Spermophila ezerulescens (Vieill.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus,, xii,, p. 126. Birds. 179 Pl. 37, fig. 2. “ Loxia nitens, of the Coast of Brazil. Nov. Sth, 1768. Sydney Parkinson pinx. ad vivum, 1768. Brasil.” This figure is undoubtedly intended to represent Volatinia jaearini (Linn.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xii., p. 152, though the name Loxia nitens has not previously been associated with it. This same title is given in Solander’s MSS. and may be a name attached to the drawing either by himself or by Banks. Pl. 38, fig. 1. “ Motacilla avida, Sept. 28th, 1768. Lat. 19° 00’ North.” This figure is evidently intended for Motacilla flava (Linn.), and is a young bird, probably procured when the species was on its southward migration. Solander’s MS. contains an account of the same specimen. The name avida is bestowed by him on the species. Pl. 38, fig. 2. “ Motaeilla velificans, of|f] the Coast of Spain. Sydney Parkinson pinx. ad vivum, 1768, Sept. ; T. 10, P. 6, Sept. 4, 1768.” This figure is evidently that of a female Wheatear, Saxicola oenanthe (L.) ; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p. 383. FORSTER’S DRAWINGS. The most important of the sets of Drawings from the Banksian Library are undoubtedly those of JOHANN GEORG ADAM FORSTER, who accompanied his father, Johann Reinhold Forster, on Capt. Cook’s second voyage (cf. Hist. Brit. Mus. Coll., Libraries, pp. 36, 37). His drawings are mostly on folio sheets of paper. After fifty years a description of them was published by Heinrich Lichtenstein in 1844.* The Birds commence with :— Pl. 32. Falco serpentarius, Miller. = Serpentarius secretarius (Scop.); Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus,, i., p. 45 (1874). Serpentarius serpentarius (Miller) ; Sharpe, Hand-list B., i. p. 241 (1899). j This is a large coloured figure, but no mention is made of this or the next bird in the “ Descriptiones Animalium.” Pl. 33. “ Falco plancus, Gm.” = Polylorus tharus (Mol.) ; Sbarpe, Cat. B., i., p. 31. This is a large full-sized figure, identified in a MS. hand- writing as Falco plancus, under which name it is figured by Shaw in Miller’s “ Cimelia Physica” (Pl. 17), 1796. Itis the “ Plaintive * Descriptiones Animalium quae in itinere ad maris australis terras per annos 1772, 1773, et 1774 suscepto collegit, observavit, et delineavit Joannes Reinholdus Forster, ete., curante Henrico Liechtenstein. 8vo. Berolini, 1544. N2 180 Zoology. Eagle” of Latham, Gen. Syn., i.,p. 34 (1781). He quotes Miller’s plate 17, so that part of the “ Cimelia” must have appeared before 1781. It is Vultur plancus of Forster’s Deser. Anim., p. 321. Pl. 34. Falco leucurus. = Ibyeter australis (Gm). ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,i., p. 38. “ Statenland, &, Jan. 3rd, 1775.” This bird is described by Latham as the “ Statenland Eagle,” and he quotes some notes given him by Forster. Pl. 35. Falco leucaötos, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 70. —= Astur nove-hollandie (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, 1.,p. 118: From New Holland. Pl. 36. (Adult male) Falco harpe, Forst., Deser. Anim., pp- 68,69. = Harpa nov:e zealandise (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., i., p. 372. Pl. 37. (3, jwv.). Ditto. Pl. 38. (9). Ditto. Pl. 39. Strix fulva, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 71. — Ninox novze-zealandize (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,ii.,p. 172. From Queen Charlotte Sound. Pl. 40. “ Lanius leucorhynchos, Linn.” = Artamus leucogaster (Valenc.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 3. “ Poeemanghee, Sept. 7th, 9, 1774.” Pl. 41. “ Lanius cafer, Forst.” ; id., Deser. Anim., p. 398, Cape of Good Hope (= Lanius ferrugineus, Gm., S. N., i., p. 306). = Laniarius rufiventris (Swains.); cf. Reichenow, Vögel Afrikas, üi., p. 582. The bird from which this coloured figure was taken is mentioned by Latham (Gen. Syn., i., p. 163) as being in Sir Joseph Banks’ collection. Pl. 42. “ Psittacus hysginus, Forst.” ; id., Deser. Anim., p. 159. Count Salvadori is of opinion that this figure represents Pyrrhulopsis koroensis, Layard ; cf. Cat. B., xx., p. 496 (vide postea, p. ). Itisa better figure than that of Ellis, but both probably represent the same bird. Pl. 43. “ Psittacus bisetis, Lath.” Psittacus bisetis, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 258. = Nymphicus cornutus (Gm.); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p. 591. “N. Caledonia, llth September, 1774.” 0 4) ri Birds. 1 Pls. 44-47. Psittacus pacificus, Gm. = (yanorhamphus novx-zealandie, Sparrm. ; cf. Salvad., Watz B.,*xx., p. 581. The bird figured on Plate 46 is said to be from “ Dusky Bay, April 6th, 1778.” Pl. 47. Is a Parraquet similar to the foregoing, but with a red rump. It is the Pacific Parrot, var. C, of Latham’s “ General Synopsis” (i.,p. 253). = Psittacus pacificus, var. y, Gm. Syst. Nat., 1., p. 329. Count Salvadori identifies this with C©. auriceps (Kuhl) ; ef. Salvad., Cat., xx., p. 587. Pl. 48. Psittacus palmarum, Gm.; Forst., Deser. Anim., p- 259. = Hypocharmosyna palmarum ; cf. Salvadori, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, =x., p. 78. “Tanna, &, 16th Aug., 1774.” Pl. 49. Psittacus sapphirinus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 201 (1844: Tahaitee). = Coriphilus taitanus (Gm.); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p. 46. Pl. 50. Psittacus hypopolius, Forst, Deser. Anim., p. 72 (1844: New Zealand). — Nestor meridionalis (Gm.) ; ef. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p23. Pi. 51. Psittacus poliocar, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 399 (1844). = Agapornis cana (Gm.); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p- 507. “ Madagascar, May 4, 1775.” Pl. 52. Calleas einerea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 74 (1844: New Zealand). = Glaucopis cinerea (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 142. Said to have been found in both islands of New Zealand br Forster (l.c.), who does not seem to have noticed the difference in the colour of the wattles between the two species of @laucopis. The bird figured is @. einerea. Pl. 53. Corvus einereus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 260 (1844: New Caledonia). This is the type of the “ New Caledonian Crow ” of Latham (Gen. Syn., i., p. 377, “from a drawing in the collection of Si r Joseph Banks.” a = Artamides caledonicus (Gm.) ; ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., iY p: 10! 18 2 Zi oology ’ Pl. 54. Coracias pacifica, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 261 (1844: New Caledonia). = Aplonis striata (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 127. This is the “ Blue-striped Roller” of Latham (Gen. Syn., i.. p. 414, pl.xvi.). He does not say whence he described the speci- mens, but the Plate seems to have been adapted from Forster’s drawing. Pl. 55. Oriolus muss, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 163 (1844). = Tatare longirostris (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 525. Vide postea (p. ). Pl. 56. Ouculus faseiatus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 160 (1844: Huaheine et Otahaitee). = Urodynamis taitiensis (Sparrm.); cf. Shelley, Cat. B., xIx.,,P- 814. “ Taheitee. Tayarabboo.” Pl. 57. Oueculus nitens, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 151 (1844: Charlotte Sound, New Zealand). = Chaleococeyx lueidus (Gm.); cf. Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p- 295. Pl. 58. Alcedo collaris, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 162 (1844: Ötaheitee). = Todirhamphus veneratus (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvil., p. 288. “ Erooro at Taheitee.” Latham’s ‘“ Venerated Kingfisher” (Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p. 623, 1782) was described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum. It is said to “inhabit Apye, one of the Friendly Isles, where it is held as sacred among the natives as that of Otaheite” His “ Respected Kingfisher ” (t.c., p. 624) “inhabits Otaheite, where it is called “Erooro.” It is accounted sacred.” As Latham does not state where he found the specimen he described, it seems to me extremely probable that he took his description from Ellis’ Drawings, No. 23, from “ Otaheite ”—“ Erooroo” (vide infra, p. ) As Forster’s figure shows a dark band across the chest, a feature not mentioned by Latham in his description of the “ Venerated Kingfisher,” it is evident that the latter was not described from the actual bird figured by Forster. Both the “ Venerated ” and “ Respected ” Kingfishers of Latham seem to be the same species, and hence Todirhamphus tutus, Sharpe (nec Gm.), Cat. B., xvii., p. 291, will require another name, which I propose should be Todirhamphus wiglesworthi, in memory Birds. 183 of the young explorer who did such good work as the historian of the Pacific Avifauna. Pl. 59. Alcedo eyanea, Forst., Descer. Anim.,p. 76 (1844: New Zealand). = Haleyon vagans (Less.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 271. “Nr. Dusky Bay, April 4, 1773.” P1.60. Alcedocancrophaga, Forst. (nee. Lath.), Deser. Anim.,p.4. Haleyon erythrogaster, Gould; Sharpe, Cat. B., xv., p. 234 [=H. actzeon (Less.); Oustalet, C. R., iii., Congr. Intern. Ornith., Paris, p. 228 (1891)]. [St. Jago. ] Pl. 61. Certhia eincinnata, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 78 (1844: Queen Charlotte’s Sound, N. Z.). = Prosthemadera novz-zealandise (Gm.); cf. Gadow, Cat. Buy ix., p. 257. Pl. 62. Certhia olivacea, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 79 (1844: New Zealand). = Anthornis melanura (Sparrm.) ; cf. Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 255. Pl. 63. Certhia cardinalis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 262 (1844: Tanna, New Hebrides). = Myzomela cardinalis (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Handl. B,, v., p- 66 (1906). “Tanna, &, 16th August, 1774.” Latham’s “ Cardinal Creeper ” was described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum (Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2,p. 733, pl. 33, fig. 2); it may well have been the actual specimen figured by Forster. Pl. 64. Certhia carunculata, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 165 (1844: Tonga-Tabu). = Ptilotis carunculata (Gm.); cf. Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 225. Latham called this bird the ‘“ Wattled Creeper ” (Gen. Syn., 1., pt. 2, p. 752), and described it from a specimen in the Leverian Museum. “ Tonga-tabu or Amsterdam Isle.” Pl. 65. Anas pieta, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 333 (1844 : Staten- land). = Chloephaga inornata (King); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 134. Pl. 66. Anas ganta, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 336 (1844: Tierra del Fuego). = Öhloephaga hybrida (Molina); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B, Ey. DD. 184 Zoology- Pl. 67. Anas cheneros, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 92 (1844: Dusky Bay, New Zealand). = (asarca variegata (Gm.); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 183. “ Dusky Bay, N.Z., April 7, 1773.” Pl. 68. Anas pteneres, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 338 (1844: Straits of Magellan). = Tachyeres cinereus (Gm.) ; cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., p- 373. “ Statenland, Jan. 2, 1775.” Pls. 69, 70. Anas montana, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 44 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). = Casarca cana (Gm.); ef. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 182. Pl. 69 is a pencil sketch only. Pl. 71. Anas xanthorhyncha, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 342 (1844: South Georgia). = Nettion georgicum (Gm.) (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 264) ; Nettium georgicum, Sharpe, Handl., i., p. 219. [d , Jan. 17, 1775.] On this plate is founded Latham’s description of the “ Georgia Duck ” (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 478) “ from the drawings of Sir Joseph Banks.” Pl. 72. Anas wanthorhyncha, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 45 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). = Anas undulata, Dubois (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 212). These two plates, named A. zanthorhyncha by Forster, repre- sented two very different species. ! Pl. 73. Anas pyrrhorhyncha, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 45 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). = Pecilonetta erythrorhyncha (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxvü., p. 285). Although Latham (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 507) does nob state where he found the specimen of his “Crimson-billed Duck,” there can be no doubt that it was from Forster’s Drawings, or from a specimen in Banks’ collection, that it was described. Pl. 74. Anas malacorhynchus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 94 (1844: New Zealand). = Hymenolzsemus malacorhynchus (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 455). “ Dusky Bay, New Zealand, April 3, 1773.” “ He-weeyo.” Birds. 185 Gmelin founded his specific name on Latham’s “ Soft-billed Duck” (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 522). This was undoubtedly founded on Forster’s Plate 74, with some details taken from the account in Cook’s Voyage (vol. i., pp. 72, 97), and the specimen figured was no doubt in the Banksian collection. Pl. 75. Anas assimilis, Forster, Deser. Anim., p. 46 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). = Nettion capense (Gm.) (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 259) ; Nettium capense, Sharpe, Handl. B., i., p. 219. Latham (Gen. Syn., Pt. 2, p. 519, 1785) described his “ Cape Wigeon” from the Drawings uf Sir Joseph Banks. This plate of Forster’s is, therefore, the type of the species. Pl. 76. Anas viduata. = Dendrocygna viduata (Linn.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxii., p. 145). “Cape of Good Hope.” Pl. 77. Anas leucophrys, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 93 (1844: Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand). = Anassupereiliosa, Gm.(cf. Salvadori, Cat. B.,xxvii.,p.206). Latham’s “ Supercilious Duck ” (Gen. Syn., iüi., pt. 2, pl. 497) was taken from this figure of Forster’s, which is consequently the type of the species. “Dusky Bay. He-tarrera.” Pl. 78. Anas lophyra, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 340 (1844: Staten-land). = Anas eristata (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 216). Latham (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 543, 1785) describes his “Crested Duck” from Forster’s Drawings, and the figure is, therefore, the type of the species. Pl. 79. Anas atrieilla, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 95 (1844: New Zealand). = Fuligula novse zealandize (Gm.) (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., pP. 968). “Dusky Bay. He-patek.” This is another species, described from the Forster Drawings, being the “New Zealand Duck” of Latham (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 543), on which Gmelin founded his Anas nova zealandize. Pl. 80. Aptenodytes chrysocome, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 99 (1844: New Holland). = Catarrhactes chrysocome, Forst. (cf. Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 635). A pencil outline. 186 Zoology. Pl. 81. “Aptenodytes patachonica.” A. patagonica, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 347 (1844: Falkland Islands and South Georgia and islands of New Guinea *); cf. Ogilvie- Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 627. er anal do. Pl. 82. Aptenodytes antaretica, Forst., Comment. Götting., iii., p. 141, pl. iv., 1781; :d., Descr. Anim., p. 349. = Pygoscelis antaretica (Forster); Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p- 634. Pl. 83. Aptenodytes magellanica, Forst., t.e., 1781; id., Deser. Anim., pp. 348, 351 (1844: Tierra del Fuego, Staten- land, Falkland Islands). = Spheniscus magellanicus (Forst.) ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p- 651. “ Staten Land.” Pls. 84, 85. Aptenodytes minor, Forst., t.c., 1781; id., Deser. Anim., p. 101 (1844: Dusky Bay, New Zealand). = Eudyptila minor (Forst.); Grant, Cat. B, xxvi., p. 646. “New Zealand. ‘Korora.” Pl. 86. Procellaria similis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 59 (1844: Antarctic Ocean). = Halobsna czerulea (Gm.); Salvin, Cat. B, xxv., p. 431. Pl. 87. Procellaria vittata, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 21 (1844: Southern Ocean). = Prion vittatus (Gm.); Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 432. Pl. 88. Procellaria tridaetyla, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 149 (1844 : Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand). = Pelecanoides urinatrix (Gm.) ; cf. Salvin., Cat. B., xxv., p. 437. ““ Teetee.” Pils. 89-90. Procellaria nivea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 58 (1844: Antarctie Ocean). = Pagodroma nivea (Gm.); Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 419 “Dee. 30, 1772.” Pl. 90 is only a pencil outline. Pl. 91. Procellaria glacialis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 25 (1844: Southern Ocean). = Priocella glacialoides (Smith); Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p- 993. * Doubtless a mispriut for New Zealand. Birds. 187 Pl. 92. Procellaria hzesitata (nec Kuhl), Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 208 (1844: Lat. 45° S. Pacific Ocean) ; Gould, B. Austr., vii., pl. 47. = Priofinus einereus (Gm.) ; Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 390. Latham (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 405, 1785) founded his description of his “Cinereous Petrel” on a specimen in the British Museum (cf. antea, p. ). From his description of the colours of the bill and feet, it is evident that he had also Forster’s Drawings in his mind. Pl. 93. Procellaria fuliginosa, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 23 (1844: Southern Ocean). = (Estrelata macroptera (Smith) ; cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p- 453. Pl. 93a. Head of Ossifraga gigantea. Pl. 94. Procellaria fuliginosa, Forst. (nee. pl. 93). = Pufinus griseus (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 386. The type of Latham’s “ Grey Petrel” (unde Procellaria grisea, Gm.) was in the Leverian Museum. Pl. 95. Procellaria antaretica, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 60 (1844 : Antarctic Seas). = Thalasseca antartica (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 392. Pl. 96. Procellaria capensis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 20 (1844: Southern Ocean). = Daption capensis (Linn.) ; cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,p. 428. Pl. 97. Procellaria qularis. This plate represents a Flying Petrel, and it has been referred to Procellaria hsesitata by Kuhl and Temminck. The type of the latter species was purchased by Temminck from Bullock’s sale, and was described by Kuhl:: it is now in the Leyden Museum. This is the wellknown “Capped Petrel,” but Forster’s plate represents (Estrelata gularıs, of Peale, 1848: cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 414). It seems to me also that Procellaria inexpectata, of Forster (Deser., p. 204), refers to this Plate 97, in which case the species would bear the name of (Estrelata inexpectata (Forster, 1844). Pl. 98. Procellaria leucocephala, Forster, Deser. Anim., p. 206 (1844). = (Estrelata lessoni (Garnot); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p- 401. This drawing is referred to P. hzsitata by Kuhl, but it represents quite a different species. 1 188 Zoology. Pl. 99. D. albatrus (nec Pall.), Forster, Deser. Anim., p. 27 (1844). = Diomedea exulans, Linn. ; Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 442. Pl. 100. Diomedea chrysostoma, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 24 (1844: Southern Ocean). = Thalassogeron chlororhynchus (Gm.) ; cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xXV., p. 451. Pl. 101. Diomedea chrysostoma, Forster, l.c.. This pencil drawing appears to have been taken from a specimen of Thalassogeron culminatus, Gould; cf. Salvin, t.e., p. 451. Pl. 102. Diomedea palpebrata, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 55 (1844: Antarctie Ocean, 25 Jan. 1773). = Phebetria fuliginosa (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 453. Pl. 103. Pelecanus punctatus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 104 (1844: Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand). = Phalacrocorax punctatus (Sparrm.); ef. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 354. “ Pa-degga-degga.” Pl. 104. Pelecanus earunculatus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 102 (1844: Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand). = Phalacrocorax carunculatus (Gm.); cf. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 384. Latham’s “ Carunculated Shag” (Gen. Syn. iii., p. 2, p. 603; unde P. carunculatus, Gm.), was described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum. It may have been the bird that Forster painted. Forster considered that he saw the same species in Tierra del Fuego, but he evidently confused P. albiventer with the New Zealand bird. E Pl. 105. Pelecanus magellanicus, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 312 (1844: Straits of Magellan). — Phalacrocorax magellanicus (Gm.); ef. Ogilvie.-Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 388. “Tierra del Fuego, December 28, 1774.” This bird was also described by Latham as the “ Magellanie Shag” (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 1, p. 604), from a specimen in the Leverian Museum. Pl. 106. Pelecanus pica, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 104 (1844: New Zealand). = Phalacrocorax varius (Gm.); ef. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B., xxVi., pP. 394. Latham’s ““ Pied Shag” (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 605) was also described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum, but he Birds. 153 likewise mentions having seen the species in the drawings in Sir Joseph Banks’ possession. The egg is figured on the plate, and described by Latham. Bl: Bl. Bl: Bl. Pi. 107. Pelecanus piscator, Forst. (nee Linn.). —= Sula cyanops (Sund.); cf. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 430. “Norfolk Island, Oct. 9, 1774.” 108. Pelecanus plotus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 2785 (1844: New Caledonia). = Sula sula (Linn.); ef. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p- 436. “New Caledonia, 9, 16 Sept., 1774.” 109. Larus scopulinus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 106 (1844: New Zealand) ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 238. “New Zealand. He-talla.” 110. Sterna serrata, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 276 (1844: New Caledonia). = Sterna fuliginosa (Gm.); cf. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p- 106. “New Caledonia, ®, Sept. 16th, 1774.” 11l. Ardea ferruginea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 274 (1844: New Caledonia). = Nyeticorax caledonicus (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 158. ‘New Caledonia, Sept. 11th, 1774.” A figure of this Night Heron is given in Cook’s “ Voyage” (vol. ii., pl. 50). Latham founds his “ Caledonian Night Heron” (Gen. Syn.,iii., pt. 1, p. 15, 1785) on a description supplied to him by Forster, whose drawing thus represents the type of the species. Pl. Pl; Pr. Pr 112. Is apparently Demiegretta sacra. 113. Is a pencil sketch of a Heron, but there is no clue as to its identification. 114. Ardea jugularis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 172 (1844: Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand). = Demiegretta sacra (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p- 137. 115. Ardea palearis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 47 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). = Bugeranus carunculatus (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p- 267. The figure of the Wattled Crane is by “ Shumacker,” according to Lichtenstein, but the drawing is signed “G. Forster, 1773.” 190 Zoology. The pieture was taken from living bird in the Indian Merchants Society’s Gardens at the Cape, and on this drawing in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks Latham founded his description and figure of the “ Wattled Crane” (Gen. Syn., üii., pt. 1, p. 82, pl. Ixxviii.), which thus becomes the type of the species. Pl. 116. Tantalus capensis | Tantalus cafer, on plate], Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 48 (1844 : Cape of Good Hope). — G@eronticus calvus (Bodd.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii.,p. 17. SIG TO Pl. 117. Tantalus melanops, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 332 (1844: Staten Land). Is the “ Black-faced Ibis” of Latham (Gen. Syn., ili., pt. 1, p. 108, pl. Ixxix.) described from a specimen in Sir J. Banks’ collection, procured by Dr. Forster “in New Year’s Island, near Staten Land.” — Theristicus melanopis (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p- 21: “Staten Land, Jan. 3, 1775.” Pl. 118. Scolopax caffra, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 49 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). = Ancylochilus subarquatus (Güld.); Sharpe, Cat. B; xxiv., p. 586. Pl. 119. Scolopax phzxopus, Forst. (nee Linn.), Deser. Anim., p. 242 (1844: Otahaitee). = Numenius tahitiensis (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 367. “‘Otaheite, May 3, 1774. Tewea.” The Otaheite Curlew was described by Latham (Gen. Syn., iii, pt. 1, p. 122) from a specimen in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks, doubtless the identical one figured in Forster’s drawings. Pl. 120. Tringa pyrrhetrea, Yorst., Deser. Anim., p. 174 (1844 : Otaheitee). = Prosobonia leucoptera (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 525. “Taheitee. Torow.” The type of this now extinet species is in the Leyden Museum. Tt is curious that the three figures of this bird do not agree with each other. Latham does not tell us much of the actual specimen which he described as the White-winged Sandpiper (Gen. Syn., iüi., pt. 1, p. 172, pl. Ixxxii.). He appears to have seen three specimens, which must all have been in Sir ‚Joseph Banks’ Birds. 191 possession. The only one extant to-day is the example in the Leyden Museum, which I consider to be the bird figured by Forster, and described by me in 1896 (Cat. B., vol. xxiv., p. 525). The bird figured by Latham (pl. Ixxxii.) differs somewhat from Forster’s painting, in that it is shown with a rufous eyebrow, white lores, and a single rounded patch of white on the bend of the wing. Forster’s specimen, it will be seen, came from Tahiti, but the bird figured by Ellis is quite different from Forster’s and Latham’s figures, and came, moreover, from Eimeo or York Island, where it was called “Te-te” Ellis’ figure certainly represents a different bird from Forster’s. It has a circlet of rufous colour round the eye, it has a double patch on the wing- coverts, and the median and greater wing-coverts are pale ferru- ginous like the rump. I propose to call this bird Prosobonia ellisi. Pl. 121. Charadrius torquatula, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 108 (1844: Dusky Bay). = Thinornis novse zealandize (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., pP. 904. “Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand.” “ Doodoorroo- attoo.” Latham’s “New Zealand Plover” was described from the collection of Sir Joseph Banks, and Forster’s drawing was no doubt taken from the same specimen. Pl. 122. Oharadrius glareola, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 109 (1844: S. Island, New Zealand). = Ochthodromus obscurus (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p: 211. “ Ha poho-era,” April 4, 1775. The “Dusky Plover” of Latham (Gen. Syn., pt. 1, p. 211) was described from a specimen in Sir Joseph Banks’ collection, and was doubtless the original of Forster’s sketch. Pl. 123. Oharadius glaucopus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 176 (1844: Otaheitee). = Charadrius dominieus, P. L. S. Müll. ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiy.,'p.; 195. “ Tonga Tabboo or Amsterdam Island.” Pl. 124. Is also Charadrius dominicus, but in more full plumage. ‘‘ Poemanghee. New Caledonia, &, Sept. 6th, 1774.” Pl. 125. Chionis lactea, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 330 (1844). Is Chionis alba (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 710. “Staten Land, Jan. 2nd, 1775.” 192 Zooloqy. Pl. 126. Rallus troglodytes, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 110 (1844: New Zealand). — Ocydromus australis (Sparrm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxili., p. 64. Pl. 127. Rallus paeificus, pt. Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 177 (1884, Otaheitee). — Hypotsenidia philippensis (Linn.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 399. Namoka, 9, July 1, 1774. Pl. 128. Also named Rallus paeificus, but evidently a distinet bird from the preceding one. It has a red bill, and agrees with Forster’s diagnosis of his Rallus pacificus, so that it must be the type of the species. Pl. 129. Rallus caffer, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 50 (1884: Cape of Good Hope). — Rallus eserulescens, Gm.; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiüi., p. 25. Latham’s Blue-necked Rail (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 1, p. 234) is taken from the Drawings of Sir Joseph Banks, so that this plate is the type on which the species was founded. Pl. 130. Rallus minutus, Forst, Deser. Anim., p. 178 (1844: Otaheitee and Tonga-Tabu). Is Porzana tabuensis (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxii., paar “Tana, 9, 12th August, 1774.” Latham, speaking of a variety of his Tabuan Rail (Gen. Syn., üii., pt. 1, p. 235), says :—“ Inhabits the Island of Tanna. Sir Joseph Banks.” His remarks apply either to a specimen, or to the drawing in the Banksian Library, probakly the former, as there are no colours given in Forster’s Drawing, which is only a pencil sketch (cf. Wiglesworth, Av. Polyn., p. 61, 1891; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 111, note). “ Taheitee Maho.” Pl. 131. Rallus tannensis, Forster, Deser. Anim., p. 275 (1844). “Tana, 9, 12th August, 1774.” = Poliolimnas einereus (V.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 130. Pl. 132. Rallus zethiops, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 400 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). — Limnocorax niger (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxüi., p. 150. April 24, 1775. Latham’s Black Rail (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 1, p. 236) was founded on a specimen in the British Museum, but he does not mention the Banksian collections in connection with the species. | de 193 Pl. 133. O&s afra, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 51 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). Is Compsotis afra (Forst.) [$ ]; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p- 293. Latham’s White-eared Bnstard (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 2, p. 802, pl. Ixix.) is founded on “a pair in the possession of Sir Joseph Banks” (und& Otis afra, Gm. Syst. Nat., i., p. 724). Pl. 134. The two figures on this plate are apparently the female and young male of Compsotis afra. Pl. 135. Tetrao capensis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 400 (1844; South Africa). = Francolinus capensis (Gm.) (cf. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B., 21. pP: 165). The type of Latham’s “ Cape Partridge” (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 2, p- 756) was in the British Museum. Pl. 136. Oolumba leucophrys, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 168 (1844 : Otaheitee). = Phlogenas erythroptera (Gm.); cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 600 [vide postea, p. ‚for Latham’s Garnet- winged Pigeon, described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum |. “ Tahiti.” Pl. 137. Columba argetrea, Forst, Descr. Anim., p. 80 (1844: New Zealand). = Hemiphaga nove zealandie (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 236). “ Dusky Bay, N.Z., April 3, 1773. Harreroo.” This seems to be the type of Latham’s “New Zealand Pigeon” (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 2, p. 640), as he gives Forster’s note, but does not mention the Banksian specimens or drawings. Pl. 138. Columba zanthura, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 264 (1844: Tanna). Latham describes this species as among Sir Joseph Banks’ drawings, but he refers to it as a variety of his “ Hooked-billed Pigeon,” with which it has nothing to do. He names it Columba tamnensis in his “ Index Ornithologieus,” vol. ii., p. 600, = Ptilopus tannensis (Lath.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 127). Pl. 139. Columba globicera, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 166 (1844 : Tonga-Tabu et Eavowe: Otaheitee). I am inclined to think that this figure represents Columba pacifica, Gm. (Globicera pacifica, Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 173), though Couut Salvadori seems to entertain some doubt about it. WOL.-II. 0 194 Zoology. The plate is the type of Columba forsteri, Wagler, Isis, 1829, p- 739. Pl. 140 = 9 Columba porphyracea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p- 167 (1844: Tropical Islands). Is Ptilopus porphyraceus, Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 100. ‘“ Taheiti. Oo-oö-pa.” Pl. 141. Ditto, ditto. Male. Pl. 142. Columba ferruginea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 265 (1844: Tanna). “Tanna, 9,17th August, 1774.” This plate was examined by Count Salvadori, who was unable to identify the species (c/. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 605). Pl. 143. Alauda littorea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 90 (1844 : New Zealand). = Anthus novee zealandize (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, z.,p: 616. “ Kogoo uroare.” The “New Zealand Lark” of Latham (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 2, p. 384, pl. li.) was founded on this plate, “from Sir Joseph ‚ Banks’ Drawings.” The figure is therefore the type of A. nove ealandie (Gm. ex Lath.). Pl. 144. Sturnus caruneulatus, Forster, Descr. Anim., p. 81 (1844: New Zealand). = (readion carunculatus (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 144. See Latham’s description of his “ Wattled Stare,” where he refers to Dr. Forster’s notes. See postea, p. Pl. 145. Loxia turdus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 85 (1844: New Zealand). = Turnagra erassirostris (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p- 4. “ Dusky Bay, Queen Charlotte’s Sound, April 4, 1773.” Pl. 146. Turdus badius, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 239 (1844: Oriadea). = Turdus ulietensis, Gm. ; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B.,v., p. 276, note. Aplonis inornata, Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 135, note. “ Raietea, @, June 1, 1774.” Mr. Seebohm (l.c.) considered this figure to be that of a Merula, and he gave a figure of it in the fifth volume of the “Catalogue,” adding a yellow eyelid, which is not in Forster’s pieture. I cannot identify the species for certain (cf. Cat. B., xiil., p. 276, note), but I have little doubt that it is the “ Bay Birds. 195 Thrush”of Latham’s ‘‘ General Synopsis” (ii., pt. 1, p. 35), unde Turdus ulietensis, Gm. The specimen is said to be “in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks.” Pl. 1474. Turdus phoenicurus, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 404 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). = (ossypha caffra (Linn.) ; ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 39). Pl. 1478. Turdus sordidulus, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 404 (1844 : Cape of Good Hope). = Saxieola familiaris, Stephens. Pl. 148. Turdus ochrotarsus, Forst, Deser. Anim., p. 82 (1844: New Zealand). “No. 3. N.Z., Dusky Bay, March 28th, 1773.” Sir Walter Buller, in his “Supplement” tothe “ Birds of New Zealand” (p. 123), separates Miro ochrotarsus from M. albifrons (Gm.) (ef. Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., iv., p. 235). He admits two distinct forms of Miro as inhabiting the South Island of New Zealand, viz., M. albifrons, Gm., “with the under parts rufescent,” and M. ochrotarsus (Forster), “ with almost the entire under parts pale lemon-yellow, and a con- spicuous spot of white on the forehead.” Forster’s Turdus ochrotarsus is described as having the breast, abdomen and vent pale “ rufescent.” Latham’s White-fronted Thrush (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1, p. 71) is described from a specimen, in Sir Joseph Banks’ collection, from “Dusky Bay, New Zealand.” It is said to have “the under parts dirty yellowish buff-colour.” From this it would appear that Miro ochrotarsus (Forster) is identical with M. albifrons (Gen. Syst. Nat., i., p. 822) founded on Latham’s “ White- fronted Thrush,” both having rufescent or buff under parts. Sir Walter Buller’s M. ochrotarsus (nee Forster) with the lemon- coloured belly requires a new name, which I propose to call M. bulleri. Pl. 149. Turdus minutus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 83 (1844: New Zealand). = Petr&ca macrocephala (Gm.) ; ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 176. “Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand.” The type of the “Great-headed Tit ” of Latham (Gen. Syn., ii., p. 557, pl. lv.) is founded on specimens in Sir Joseph Banks’ collection. Pl. 150. “ Turdus diabaphus.” Muscicapa diabapha, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 267 (1844 Norfolk Island). 0o2 196 Zoology. — Petreca multicolor (Gm.), founded on the Red-bellied Flycatcher of Latham (Gen. Syn., ü., pt. 1, p. 343, pl. 50), “in Sir Joseph Banks’ collection,” probably the same specimen as was figured by Forster ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 168. “Norfolk Island, &, 11th Oct., 1774.” Pl. 151. Turdus zanthopus, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 266 (1844: New Caledonia). — Merula zanthopus (Forst.) ; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p. 276 ; Sharpe in Seebohm’s Monogr. Turdid., ii., p. 139, pl. 126. This figure represents the type of the species. Pl. 152. Loxia oryx, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 53 (1844). — Pyromelana oryx (Linn.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii.,p. 230. Pl. 153. “ Loxia pulchella.’ Fringilla pulchella, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 273 (1844: New Oaledonia). — Erythrura psittacea (Gm.);cf.Sharpe, Cat. B.,xiii.,p. 382. “New Caledonia.” The “Parrot Finsch” of Latham (Gen. Syn. ii., part |], p. 287, pl. xlviii.) is founded on Forster’s specimens. “This is a most beautiful species, and was shot by Dr. J. R. Forster at New Caledonia.” Pl. 154. Fringilla bieineta, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 405 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). This is the Sgure on which Latham founded his description of the White-cheeked Finch (Gen. Syn., ii., part 1, p. 278, 1783, = Fringilla nzevia, Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i., part 2, p. 911, 1788). Latham says: “Inhabits the Cape of Good Hope. From a drawing in the possession of Sir Joseph Banks.” This is Fringillaria eapensis (Linn.). Pl. 154. Muscicapa dubia, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 406 (1844: Cape of Good Hope). = Sphen&acus africanus (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 95. Pl. 155. Muscicapa ventilabrum, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 86 (1844: New Zealand). — Rhipidura flabellifera (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 308. “Dusky Bay, N.Z., March 25, 1773.” A note on the plate says: “Fan-tailed Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii., p. 340, no. 33, tab. 49, from this drawing.” Latham seems to have seen more than one specimen, and does not speeify where his type came from. Birds. 197 Pl. 156. Luteous Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1., p. 342 (founded on Forster’s drawing), Muscicapa lutea, Gm., S. N., p. 944 ; Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 169 (1844: Ötaheitee), and M. atra, Forst., t.c., p. 171. Is Pomarea nigra (Sparrm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 434. Pl. 157. Muscicapa chloris, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 87 (1544: New Zealand). = (litonyx ochrocephala (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Hand-list B., Ivy p- 1. “Queen Charlotte’s Sound.” Latham specifically mentions that his description of his Yellow-headed Flycatcher (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1, p. 342) was taken from a drawing in the Banksian Collection. Pl. 158. Muscicapa heteroclita, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 271 (1844: Tana)). = Zosterops flavifrons (Gm.); ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., ix., p- 187. “Tana, Aug. 7, 1774.” Latham’s “ Yellow-fronted Flycatcher” was founded on Forster’s drawing, or on specimens in Sir Joseph Banks’ Museum. Pl. 159. Muscicapa nzevia, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 269 (1844: New Caledonia). Is Symmorphus nsevius (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,p. 110. This is the figure on which the name of the species was founded. It is the “Nxvous Flycatcher,” Lath., Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1, p. 343 (1783), = Muscicapa nsevia, Gm., Syst. Nat., p. 944. Pl. 160. Motacilla gracula, Forst., Desecr. Anim., p. 324 (1844: Tierra del Fuego). = (inclodes patagonicus (Gm.) ; Sclater, Cat. B., xv., p. 22. Latham’s “Patagonian Warbler” is described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum. Pls. 161, 162. Motaeilla seticauda, Forst., Deser. Anim., p- 328 (1844 : Tierra del Fuego). A MS. note on Plate 161 quotes Latham’s reference, and adds: “From this figure and the following.” Is the Thorn-tailed Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii., part 2, p. 463, tab. 52. “Imhabits Tierra del Fuego. In the collection of Sir Joseph Banks.” Motacilla spinicauda, Gm., Syst. Nat., i., part 2, p. 978: Oxyurus spinicauda, Scl., Cat. B., xv., p. 30: Aphrastura spinicauda, Sharpe, Handl-list B., iüi., p. 51. ‘“ Tierra del Fuego, December 21, 1774.” 198 Zooloqy. Pl. 163. Motaeilla magellanica, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 326 (1844: Tierra del Fuego). = Scytalopus magellanicus (Gm.); cf. Scl., Cat. B., xv., p. 338). “Tierra del Fuego, 9, 28th December, 1774.” This drawing is the type of the Magellanice Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii., part 2, p. 464 (from Sir J. Banks’ drawings). Pl. 164. Motacilla eitrinella, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 89 (1844: New Zealand). Citrine Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii., part 2, p. 464 (from Sir J. Banks’ drawings). “ Dusky Bay, New Zealand.” This is the type of -Motaeilla eitrina, Gm., founded on Latham’s “Citrine Warbler.” The drawing would appear to represent an adult female, according to the identifications of Mr. Ogilvie-Grant (“ Ibis,” 1905, pp. 595, 596). Pl. 165. Motacilla longipes, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 88 (1844: New Zealand). = Xenicus longipes (Gm.) ; Scl., Cat. B., xiv., p. 452. This figure is the type, on which Latham founded the name and description of his “ Long-legged Warbler ” ; cf. Gen. Syn., ii., part 2, p. 465 (= Motacilla longipes, Gm., ex Lath.). He says that it was taken from Sir J. Banks’ drawings. He also gives the locality, Dusky Bay, New Zealand, and the native name, E Teetee tee poinom, evidently copied from this plate. Pl. 166. Parus urostigma, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 90 (1844: New Zealand). = Üerthiparus novee zealandize (Gm.) ; cf. Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 76. “Dusky Bay. Native name Töe töe.” This figure represents Latham’s description of the New Zealand Titmouse, Gen. Syn., ii., part 2, p. 558 (und& Parus novze zealandise, Gm.). Latham mentions that it was taken from Banks’ Drawings, and therefore Forster’s plate becomes the type of the species. | Pl. 167. Hirundo pyrrholaeema, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 241 (1844 : Otahaitee). = Hirundo tahitica, Gm. ; cf. Sharpe and Wyatt, Monogr. Hirundinid, i., p. 275. “ Taheite.” Lathanı speaks of having seen a specimen in the collection of Sir J. Banks, and on this he founded the description of his “ Otaheite Swallow.” Birds. 199 Pl. 168. Hirundo peruviana, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 240 (1844 : Ötaheitee). This figure is intended to represent Collocalia franeica (Gm.) ; cf. Hartert, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., xvi., p. 502 (note). EıLLis’ DRAWwINGS. Wırrıam W. Errıs accompanied Capt. Cook on his third voyage, as an artist. His Drawings of Birds consist of 96 illustrations, mostly coloured, and are very passably executed (ef. Hist. Coll. Brit. Mus., I., Libraries, p. 35). Pl. 7. Oriental Falcon, Lath., Gen. Syn., i., p. 34 (1781); “in the possession of Mr. Banks.” unde Falco orientalis, Gm., Syst. Nat., i., p. 264 (1788) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p. 376). “Flew on board off Japan. W. W. Ellis ad viv. del. et pinx., 1779.” A young Peregrine Falcon. Pl. 8. Strix funerea. = Surnia funerea (Linn.) (cf. Cat. B., ii, p. 151). Sandwich Sound, N.W. Coast of America. Pl. 9. Tabuan Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., i., p. 164 (1781). und& Lanius tabuensis, Gm., Syst. Nat., i., p. 306 (1788). Aplonis tabuensis, Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 130. “The Friendly Isles, 1778.” The Tabuan Shrike was described by Latham from a specimen from Tongatabu in the Leverian Museum, probably the identical one figured by Ellis. Pl. 10. “ Pulo Condore. W.Ellisad viv. delin! et pinx., 1780.” = (ittoeinchla suavis (Sel.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 85). Pl. 11. Parrakeet. “ From Middleburgh.” On the plate is written in MS.: “ Lath., vol. i., p. 214, no. 16.” On referring to this volume we find the Tabuan Parrot figured (Pl. vii.), =Psittacus tabuensis, Gm., Syst. Nat,2,p. 317 (1.788), = Pyrrhulopsis tabuensis (Gm.) ; cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 494. Another MS. note on Ellis’ plate refers the species to Psittacus hysginus, of Forster, which Count Salvadori thinks may have been intended for the bird now called Pyrrhulopsis kordoensis, Layard (cf. Salvad., t.c., p. 496). This may be the case, but Ellis’ figure is not P. tabuensis, as there is no sign of a blue collar. 200 Zoology. Pl. 12. A red-fronted Parrakeet. Identified in MSS. as Psittacus paecifieus, Forster, which is Cyanorhamphus nove zealandise (Sparrm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p- 581). “New Zealand.” “W. W. Ellis ad viv. delin. et pinx., 1700 Latham founded his “Pacific Parrakeet” (Gen. Syn., i., p- 252, 1781) on a specimen in the Leverian Museum. His “ Var. A” came from New Zealand. Pl. 13. Identified as Psittacus euchloris, Forster. It is the ““ Blue-crested Parrakeet” of Latham, Gen. Syn., i., p. 254 (1781), described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum, probably the same as that figured by Ellis. = Vini australis (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., t.c., p. 43). “ Friendlv Isle.” “W. W. Ellis ad viv. ete., 1778.” Pl. 14. Identified as Psittacus sapphirinus, Forster. Ötaheitan Blue Parrakeet, Latham, t.c., p. 255, = Psitta- cus taitianus, Gm., Syst. Nat., i., p. 329 (1788). = (oriphilus taitianus (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., t.c, p. 46). “ Otaheitee. W. W. Ellis delt, ete., 1778.” Pl. 15. Identified as Psittacus hypopolius, Forster. Is the “Southern Brown Parrot” o£ Latham (Gen. Syn., i., p. 264), from the Leverian Museum. = Nestor meridionalis (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., t.c, p. 5). “New Zealand.” Pl. 16. Named, apparently by G. R. Gray, and quite correctly, Platycercus flaviventris (Temm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx, 1p- 948). ‘‘ Adventure Bay, New Holland. W. W. Ellis ad vivum delin: pinxit: 1777.” Pi. 17. A pencil sketch of a Drongo (Dissemurus). “ Princes Island and Pulo Condore.” Pl. 18. Pacific Thrush, Lath. = Lalage pacifica (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 97). “Friendly Isles. W. W. Ellis ad vivum delin. et pinx., 1078. The Pacific Thrush was described by Latham (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. i., p. 38, 1783), from a specimen in Banks’ collection, doubtless the one from which Ellis drew his figure. Pl. 19. Is Colaptes auratus (Linn.) (cf. Hargitt, Cat. B,, xviil., p. 12). “King George’s Sound. W. Ellis del., ete., 1778.” Birds. 201 Pl. 20. Is Picoides americanus, Brehm. (cf. Hargitt, Cat. B., zvill., p: 279). «Norton Sound. W. W. Ellis ad viv. del., etc., 1778.” Pl. 21. Is Sitta europea, Linn., from “Kamtschatka. W. Ellis del., ete., 1779.” This would be the form named by Taczanowski Sitta albifrons, which Dr. Hartert (Vög. Pal. Fauna, Heft ii., p. 331) recognises as Sitta europea albifrons. / Pl. 22. Is apparently a figure of Todirhamphus wiglesworthi, Sharpe (antea, p. ), wbich is T. tutus, Sharpe et auct. passim (nec Gm.), and is the same as T. veneratus (Gm.). See my remarks (antea, p. ): “Otaheite.e W. W. Ellis ad viv. delin., ete., 1777.” Latham’s description was taken from a specimen in the Leverian Museum, probably the very one drawn by Ellis. Pl. 23. .Is the “ Respected Kingfisher,” Lath., Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p. 624 (1781). = Todirhamphus tutus (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvü., p- 291) = T. veneratus (Gm.). “Friendly and Society Isles. Otaheitee—Erooroo. Ulietea —Tautoria. W. Ellis” (no date). Latham’s description may have been taken from Ellis’ Drawing, but does not quite agree. Pl. 24. Is Promerops cafer (Linn.) (cf. Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p- 283). “Cape of Good Hope.” Pl. 25. Is Prosthemadera novzx-zealandie (Gm.) (cf. Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 257). “Certhia cireinnata, Forst.” is written in pencil on the plate. Pl. 26. Is Moho nobilis (Merrem) (cf. Gadow, Cat., ix., p. 284). “Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis delin. et pinx. ad viv., 719.2 Described as the “ Yellow-tufted Bee-eater” by Latham (Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p, 683 (1784)). = Merops niger, Gm., Syst. Nat., i, p. 465 (1788). Of. Acrulocereus nobilis, Wilson and Evans, Av. Hawai- enses, p. 105, pl. 40. Pl. 27. Is Drepanis pacifica (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,x.,p. 5). “Sandwich Isles.. W. W. Ellis ad vivum delin. et pinx., 1779.” Cf. Wilson and Evans, Av. Hawaienses, p. 3, pl. 3). Pl. 28. Hemignathus obscurus (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 4). Zoology. “Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis, ad viv. delin: et pinx: 17792 Gmelin’s Certhia obseura (Syst. Nat., i., p. 470, 1788), is founded on the “ Hook-billed Creeper ” of Latham, Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p. 703, pl. xxxiii., fig. 1 (1782). The type was in the Leverian Museum, and at the sale of the latter was purchased by the Earl of Derby, and is now in the Liverpool Museum. On this plate is founded Gray’s name of Drepanis ellisiana (Cat. B., Trop. Isl., p. 9). (f. Wilson and Evans, Av. Hawaienses, p. 67, pl. 28. Pl. 29. Is Vestiaria coceinea (G. Forster) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., > “Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv. delin. et pinx., 1779.” Of. Wilson and Evans, t.c., p. 9, pls. 5, 6. Pl. 30. Crimson Creeper, Latham, Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p. 739 (1882). = Himatione sanguinea (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,x., p. 8). “Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv. delin. et pinx., 17,19% Described by Latham from a specimen in the Leverian Museum, doubtless the same one as that drawn by Ellis. Cf. Wilson and Evans, i.c., p. 19, pl. 8. Pl. 31. Olive-green Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p. 740 Pl: B. Pl. B 21: -— l: -— (1782; specimen in Leverian Museum). = Himatione virens (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 9). “Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1779.” Cf. Wilson and Evans, i.c., p. 29, pl. 14. 32. Is Selasphorus rufus (Gm.) (cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xvi., P2932): “ King George’s Sound.” 33. “ Anas hyemalis. Kamtschatka. W.W. Ellis ad viv., etc., 1779.” Is Harelda glacialis (Linn.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 389). 34. “ Anas histrionica. Kamtschatka.” — (osmonetta histrionica (Linn.) ; Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p- 395. 35. “ Anas stelleri. Kamtschatka.” — Heniconetta stelleri (Pall.); Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p-+419: 36. Is Merganser serrator (Linn.); Salvadori, Cat. B.,xxvii., p. 479. “Sandwich Sound, N.W. coast, America.” Pl. Pl. Pl. Pl. Bl: BI. Bl! Di. Bl: pi: PI. Pl. Bl BT: 16 Dirds. 205 37. Is Lunda eirrhata (Pall.) ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 612. “Coast between Asia and America. W. Ellis ad vivum delin. et pinx., 1778.” 38. Is Simorhynchus cristatellus (Pall.); Grant, Cat. B., 3Y1., p. 601. “Bird Island, between Asia and America. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1778.” 39. Giant Petrel, Lath., Gen. Syn. iii., pt. 2, p. 396, pl. c. (1785). = Ossifraga gigantea (Gm.) ; Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 422. ‘Island of Desolation. W.Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1776.” 40. Is a species of Puflinus. ““ Amongst the ice.” 41. Apparently a Diomedea of some sort (cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 441). “ Amongst the Ice. W. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc., 1779.” 42. A grey Ossifraga gigantea. ““ Amongst the Ice. W. W. Ellis, ete., 1779.” 43. Is Prion desolatus (Gm.) (cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 434). “Island of Desolation. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1776.” 44, Diomedea exulans (Linn.) (cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 441). « At sea between Van Diemen’s Land and New Zealand.” 45. Two figures of Catarrhactes chrysocome (Forst.); Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 6955. “ Island of Desolation. W.W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1776.” 46. Aptenodytes patagonica, Forst. ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p- 627. “ Island of Desolation.” 47. Head of Sula cyanops, Sundev. ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 430. “Turtle Island. W. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1777.” 48. A small figure with head and egg (full-size) of Phasöthon rubrieauda, Bodd.; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 451. “Palmerston Island. W. Ellis ad vivum, etec., 1777.” 49. Is Uria grylle (Linn.) ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 573. « Unalashka. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc., 1778.” 50. Is Uria lomdia (Pall.) ; Grant, t.e., p. 577. “Unalashka. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc., 1778.” 5l. Is Rissa tridaetyla (Linn.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p- 305. “Kamtschatka. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc., 1778.” 204 Zoology. Pl. 52. Is apparently Zarus veg&, Stejn.; Saunders, Cat. B., ZEV, P-"270. “ Kamtschatka. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1779.” Pl.53. Is Anous stolidus (Gm.) ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 136. “ Palmerston Island.” Pl. 54. Is apparently Sterna vittata, Gm. ; Saunders, Cat. B., XV, P-Dl. “Island of Desolation. W. W. Ellis ad viv., Er 17782 Latham’s “ Wreathed Tern ” (Gen. Syn., iii., Dt. 2 2, p. 359 1785), on which Gmelin founded his Sterna vittata, was said to be from Sir Joseph Banks’ collection. Christmas Island is a misprint for Christmas Harbour, Kerguelen Land, as has been pointed out by Mr. Howard Saunders (l.e.). Pl. 55. Sterna serrata, Forst. = Sterna fuliginosa, Gm. ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 106. “Turtle Island. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.” Pl. 56. White Tern, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 363 (1785, from a specimen in the Leverian Museum). Is @Gygis candida (Gm.) ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 149. «Turtle Island. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.” Pl. 57. Sterna frontalis, Gray ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 97. “‘ At Sea between New Zealand and Modieu. W.W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1777. The name of Sterna striata of Gmelin is founded on the “ Striated Tern,” Lath., Gen. Syn., iüi., p. 358, pl. 98. The bird is described from Sir Joseph Banks’ Drawings, and Latham’s figure is certainly adapted from Ellis Drawing. SS. striata appears to supersede $. frontalis as a name for the species. Pl. 58. Is Demiegretta sacra (Gm.) (mnute phase) ; Sharpe, Cat B, zxv1-,P.197. “ anal, Isles.” The Sacred Heron of Latham (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 1, p. 92, 1785), was described from a specimen in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks, from Otaheite. Pl. 59. Is Chionarchus minor (Hartl.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., pP-71% “ Kerguelens Land. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1776.” Pl. 60. Is probably Limonites minutlla (Vieill.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 548. “King George’s Sound. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1778.” Pl. 61. Is Pelidna americana (Cass.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 608. «King George’s Sound. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.” Dirds. 205 Pl. 62. Is Heteractitis incanus (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 453. “« King George’s Sound. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.” Pl. 63. Is Phalaropus hyperboreus (Linn.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 698. “Between Asia and America. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc., 118.” Pl. 64. Is Rhyacophilus glareola (Gm.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 491. ““ Christmas Isle. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.” Pl. 65. ? Prosobonia leucoptera (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p- 925. “ Eimeo or York Isle. ‘ Tete.’” This species is now believed to be extinct, and the only specimen of Prosobonia known is in the Leyden Museum ; cf. Schl., Mus. Pays Bas, Scolopaces, p. 18 (1564); see antea, p. where I have described Ellis’ figure as P. ellisi. Pl. 66. Is Aphriza virgata (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 208. “Sandwich Sound.” Pl. 67. Is Hgialitis eueullatus (Vieill.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p- 302. « Adventure Bay. W. Ellis, ad vivum, 1777.” Pl. 68 = Oharadrius dominieus, P. L. S. Müll. ; Sharpe, Cat. Br zziv., p: 195. “ Christmas Isle. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1778.” Pl. 69 = Gallinula sandwichensis, Streets. ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiil., p. 180. “Sandwich Isles.” Cf. Scott Wilson and Evans, Av. Hawaienses, p. 156, pl. 55 (1893). Pl. 70. Pennula sandwichensis (Gm.). “Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete.” Cf. Wilson and Evans, Av. Haw., p. 175, pl. 57. Here the whole question of these small Crakes (Pennula) is discussed, and Ellis’ plate is reproduced for comparison with P. wilsoni, Finsch, Pl. 71. Is Phlogenas erythroptera (Gm.); Salvad., Cat. B., xx1., p. 600. “ York Isle or Eimeo.” “Oo-00 widou W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1777.” The plate has been identified as Columba pectoralis by some one, probably G. R. Gray (ef. Cat. B., Trop. Isl., p. 44). Latham’s type of his “ Garnet-winged Pigeon ” ’ was from Eimeo, N) 206 Zoology. and was in the Leverian Museum ; it was probably the actual specimen figured by Ellis from Sir J. Banks’ collection. 1% Pl; Pi: 2: 178 Bl. 72. Is Globicera pacifica(Gm.); Salvad., Cat. B., xxi.,p. 173. “ Friendly Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.” 73. Is the “Wattled Stare,” Latham, Gen. Syn., ii., part 1, p. 9, pl. 36 (1783), deseribed from a specimen in the Leverian Museum. —= (readion carunculatus (Gm.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 144. “New Zealand. W. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1777.” 74. Fig. 1= Hesperoeichla nzvia (Gm.); cf. Seebohm, Cat Bw, Dp. 110. “King George’s Sound. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1778.” 74. Fig. 2 is Turdus migratorius, Linn. ; cf. Seebohm, Cat. Bz Yv.; p: 220: “ King George’s Sound.” 75. Is Calliope calliope (Pall.) ; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p- 905. “ Kamtschatka. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1779.” 76. Is Tatare longirostris (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p- 525 ; id., Hand. B., iv., p. 189. « Eimeo or York Island.” The type of Latham’s “ Long-billed Thrush ” was from Eimeo, and he mentions several other specimens as being in Sir J. Banks’ collection from York Island. The species was described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum. From one of these birds Ellis’ figure was doubtless taken. Bi: Bl. Bl: m. 77. Is Pheeornis obscura (Gm.), founded on the Dusky Flycatcher of Latham, Gen. Syn., ii., pt. I, p. 344 (1783), described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum, probably the very specimen figured by Ellis. “Sandwich Isles.” 78. Is Graucalus parvirostris, Gould ; Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p- 32. « Adventure Bay, Van Diemen’s Land. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete,, 1717, 79. Is the “ Parrot-billed Grosbeak ” of Latham (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1, p. 108, pl. 42, 1783), described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum. = Psittirostra psittacea (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 51. “Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis, ete., 1779.” 80. Is Calcarius lapponicus (Linn.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xii., p. 579. “ TJnalaschka.. W. W. Ellis, ete., 1778.” Bl: Pl. Bl. Pl. 2. Jelk Birds. Ahr 81. Is Zonotrichia coronata (Pall.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xii., p. 600. “Sandwich Sound. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete. 1778.” 82. Represents the ® of Z. coronata, with nest and eggs figured. 83. Is Montifringilla brunneinucha (Brandt) ; Sharpe, Cat. Bas, px 278. «Off the coast of Japan. W. W.Ellis ad viv., ete., 1775.” 84. Is a 2 Brambling, Fringilla montifringilla, L.; Sharpe, Cat. B., xii., p. 178. “Off the coast of Japan. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1779.” 85. Is a & Loxops coceinea (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p- 50. “ Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad. viv., ete., 1779.” 86. This figure has been identified in MSS. on the plate as Turdus minutus of Forster. = Petreca macrocephala (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p: 1:46. «New Zealand. W. W. Ellis ad. viv., ete., 1777.” This identification seems to me to be wrong, and Ellis’ figure is more like Petreca toitoi (Garn.), though the white used for colouring the under parts has changed to a dull brown. Pl. 87. Is Chasiempis sandvicensis (Gm.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 232. “Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad. viv., ete., 1779.” The “Sandwich Flycatcher ” of Latham (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1, p- 344, 1783) was founded on a specimen “in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks,” perhaps the identical one figured by Ellis. 21: Bl: Pi. 1a 88. Is apparently Wilsonia pusilla (Wils.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 435. “Between Asia and America. W. W. Ellis ad. viv., ete:, 1778.” Of. Ridgw., Birds, N. and Middle America, ii., p. 89. Is Oyanecula swceica (Linn.). Erythacus coeruleculus, Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p. 308. “On the ice.” 90. Is Sazxicola eenanthe (Linn.); Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p- 391. “On the ice. W. Ellis ad viw., etc.,1778.” 91. Young Wagtail. “Caught on board, lat. 66°. W.W. Ellis ad viv., etc. 1778.” Apparently a young Motaeilla flava. 208 Zoology. Pl. 92 = Tatare sequinoetialis (Lath.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 528. Acrocephalus aequinoetialis, Sharpe, Handl. B., iv., p. 190. “ Christmas Isle. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1778.” Latham described this bird (Gen. Syn., Suppl. i., p. 187) from the papers of Mr. Anderson, and does not mention Ellis’ Drawings or Sir Joseph Banks’ colleetion. Pl. 93. Fig. 1. Parus insularis, Hellmayr (cf. Hartert, Vög. Pal. Fauna, i., p. 359). Fig. 2. Parus minor, Temm. (cf. Hartert, £.c., p. 346). “Coast of Japan. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1779.” Pl. 94. Is Parus hudsonicus, Forst. (cf. Hellmayr, Tierr. Parid, p. 71). «Norton Sound. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1778.” Pl. 95 = Malurus cyaneus (Ellis) ; Cat. B., iv., p. 286. « Adventure Bay. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1777.” This is the Tasmanian Superb Warbler, described by me in 1879 in the “Catalogue of Birds” (iv., p. 287) as Malurus gouldi. This must now be called Malurus eyaneus (Ellis), and the Australian species, hitherto called M. eyaneus by authors, “ must bear the name of M. superbus (Shaw). Pl. 96. Is Collocalia leucophzea (Peale) ; Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p- 502. ““ Friendly Isles.” Forster’s Drawing represents a different species to that figured by Ellis, which shows a white rump. 1809-1820. Tue BULLOCK COLLECTION. When Dr. Leach was Keeper of the Zoological Department, he represented the British Museum at the sale of Bullock’s great collection, and ' several birds were bought for the National Museum. Unfortunately many of the most valuable specimens, including a number from Captain Cook’s voyages, were allowed to pass into the hands of purchasers from abroad, and left the country. These specimens were probably acquired by Bullock at the dispersal of the Leverian Museum. Professor Newton possesses a copy of the Sale-Catalogue of Bullock’s Collection, and he has most generously lent it to me, thus enabling me to trace the history of many important Dirds. 209 specimens from the collections made during Cook’s voyages. As we gather from Latham’s “ General Synopsis,” quite a number of Sir Joseph Banks’ birds must have been given by him to Sir Ashton Lever, instead of to the British Museum. Professor Newton’s copy is marked with the names of the purchasers and the prices paid for the specimens.* It is a most interesting little volume, showing that the sale was attended by naturalists from various countries, Dr. Leach being the purchaser for the British Museum. From the copy lent me by Professor Newton, we learn that Dr. Adams attended for the Edinburgh Museum, Professor Temminck for Leyden, Mr. Fector for Vienna, while Baron Laugier represented Paris, and Professor Lichtenstein, Berlin. The sale commenced on the 29th of April, 1819, and the Catalogue has, as a frontispiece, a sketch of the “ Interior of the Great Room of the Egyptian Hall.” The following is the title of the “ Catalogue ” :— Pırr First, | containing the first six days’ sale. ] Catalogue | (without which no Person can be admitted to the View or Sale) | of the | Roman GaLLEry, | of | ANTI- QUITIES AND WORKS OF ART, | and the | Loxpon Museum of NaruraL History : | (unquestionably the most extensive and valuable in Europe) | at the | Esyprıan Harz ın Pıccaniuıy; | WHICH WILL BE SOLD BY AUCTION, | positively without the least reserve, | BY Mr. Burrock, | on the premises, | on Thursday the 29'h of April, 1819, | And continue every Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, till the whole | is sold. | Te commence precisely at Ox& o’clock. The remaining Parts of the Catalogue, about Twenty days, will be published with all possible | speed; the Articles to be viewed THREE Days previous to that on which they are respectively | sold. William Bullock was, according to the “Dictionary of National Biography ” (vol. vii., p. 256), in 1808 a jeweller and goldsmith in Liverpool, and it was in this town that his Museum was originally started. In the Zoological Library in the Natural History Museum is a small octavo tract, being the seventh * Since Professor Newton drew my attention to the importance of this “ Sale-Catalogue” and lent me his copy, on which I have founded my notes, I have discovered another eopy of the same Catalogue among the Traets in the Natural History Museum. It is praetically identical with Professor Newton’s volume, but differs ia a few minor details. VOL. II. 1% 210 Zoology. edition of a guide-book to Bullock’s Museum.* It bears the following title :—— A | Companıox | to the | LIVERPOOL MUSEUM, | containing | A brief Description of upwards of Seven Thousand | NATURAL AND’ FOREIGN ÜURIOSITIES, | ANTI- QuITIES, | and Productions of the Fine Arts, | collected during several Years of arduous Research, and at an Expense | of upwards of Twenty Thousand Pounds, | by | WILLIAM BULLOCK, | of Liverpool; | And now open for Publie Inspection, in the Great Room, | No. 22 Piecadilly, London, | which has been fitted up for the Purpose in a manner entirely new. «“O Nature! how in every charm supreme! Whose vot’ries feast on raptures ever new, OÖ! for the voice and fire of Seraphim To sing thy glories with devotion due.”’—BEATTIE. The Seventh Edition. | Printed for the Proprietor, | by |] Richard Cruttwell, St. Jame’s-street, Bath. | 1809. There is an engraved frontispiece, with three figures of men in armour of different periods, each figure having a compart- ment to itself, under a canopy on which appears the word “MVSEVM. It may have been intended to represent the entrance to the show, which must have been in existence for some years, if the “Companion ” had reached its seventh edition in 1809. The title-page, on its reverse, publishes an announce- ment that the Proprietor is willing to give the “full value for rare and uncommon Quadrupeds, Birds, Fishes, Reptiles, Shells, Old Paintings, Carvings on Wood or Ivory, Stained Glass, ancient and foreign Arms and Armour, or any uncommon Pro- duction of Art or Nature.” Then follows a list of “Names of the Ladies and Gentlemen who have presented curiosities to the Liverpool Museum,” but I do not detect any familiar name among the number of patrons, though a “George Bullock ” will be referred to later on. The list of donors ‘“ non-residents in Liverpool” includes a few more familiar names, such as S. Polito, Dr. J. E. Smith, President of the Linnean Society, Lord Stanley (Knowsley), and a certain J. Bullock of Surinam. A Preface, composed after the manner of the time, occupies * On the cover is a printed label :—“* DEsoRIPTIVE CATALOGUDE | of the | LIVERPOOL MUSEUM, | now open | Ar THE GreAT Room, | 22 Piceadilly, near the Haymarket.” Dirds. DM: three pages (v-vii), and is dated from the “ Liverpool Museum, July 10, 1809.” It concludes as follows :—“If tbis Treatise then, under all its imperfections, should afford one hour of enter- tainment, or assist the researches of those patrons and friends who have so liberally countenanced its Proprietor since the establishment of his Collection, his hopes are in some degree exceeded, and his wishes accomplished.” The “curiosities” from the South Seas contain many speci- mens brought by Captain Cook, and are said to have been once his property, as we are informed in a foot-note; some were purchased at the sale of the “late Leverian Museum.” Some feather-cloaks from the Sandwich Islands are specially mentioned. Among the “Works of Art” were a “ beautiful Equestrian Model of Edward the Black Prince in Armour, finely executed by Mr. G. Bullock, of Liverpool”; and “a small Anatomical Figure, from the original of Dr. Hunter, done in rice paste of its natural collour.” The “Companion to the Liverpool Museum” then proceeds to the section of “Natural Historv” \p. 12). Among the “ Quadrupeds” described, mention is made of a “ beautiful and gentle animal, brought from the Slave Coast of Africa... . its manners were quite gentle and mild. It died in the collection of Mr. Polito, in the winter of 1808, owing probably to the severity of the weather.” This was the “ Palatine Monkey ” (Simia Roloway). Among the rarities of Bullock’s Museum were “the Porcupine Ant-Eater (Myrmecophaga aculeata of Shaw), “ lately discovered in New Holland,” and the Platypus (Platypus anatinus). Of the Hunting Leopard (Felis jubata) we learn (p. 19) that “three living ones were shown a few years since in the Tower, that were part of a pack belonging to the late Tippoo Sultan.” With respect to the Beaver (p. 21), Bullock speaks of a pair purchased by Mr. Polito, for the purpose of exhibiting in his collection. The latter gentleman also presented the skin of a Panther to the Liverpool Museum (p. 23). Some of Bullock’s notes on the Mammals are very interesting, as, for instance, the fact that “the Kangaroo may be considered in some degree as naturalised in England, several having been kept for many years in the Royal domains at Richmond, which have, during their residence there, produced young, and promise to render this most elegant animal a permanent acquisition to tbe country.” On the Birds many notes are given, which at that time must have been very interesting, though they now read a little old- pP 2 212 Zoology. fashioned. A Golden Eagle (p. 28) is recorded as “ finely preserved in the act of preying on the white hare of Scotland.” The specimen is figured by Bullock in his “Companion to the London Museum” in 1812 (plate to p. 41), and did duty for many pictures in popular works on Natural History. Many of us can still remember this Eagle, with its wings outspread, and the bloodstains (sealing-wax) on the stomach of the Hare which it held under its feet. The group was purchased at Bullock’s sale for nine guineas by Dr. Leach, and long held a place of honour in the British Gallery of the old British Museum. The Proprietor of the Liverpool Museum apparently had also a small menagerie ; he speaks of certain animals which he kept alive, and a Mocking Bird lived for some time with him (p. 32). He gives an elaborate account of the Birds of Paradise in his collection, and in view of the extinction of some of these beautiful birds in the present day by the plume-traders who supply the ornaments for ladies’ hats, it is interesting to read that even in Bullock’s time “the extreme elegance of the tail-feathers of this bird have made them expensive articles of female decoration.” The Humming Bird warrants a long descriptive note on its plumage and nest, Bullock’s conelusion being as follows: “Such is the history of this little being, who flutters from flower to flower, breathes their freshness, wantons on the wings of the cooling zephyrs, sips the nectar of a thousand sweets, and resides in climes where reigns the beauty of eternal spring.” In 1807 he visited the Bass Rock and procured several Gannets in different plumages, which he describes (p. 38). From the Leverian Museum Bullock appears to-have pur- chased a specimen of the Crowned Pigeon (@oura coronata), which “when living, was many years in the possession of her present Majesty, who presented it to the Leverian Museum” (p. 39). The Lyre Bird is spoken of as the “Botany Bay Bird of Paradise” (p. 39) The “Companion” ends with the following announcement: “In a short time will be published by subscription, in two vols., 8vo (dedicated by permission to Lord Stanley), price to sub- seribers 11. 4s., An accurate DESCRIPTION of the SUBJECTS OF NarturaL History, Foreign and other CURIOSITIES, &c., &c., &c., in the LıvsrpooL Museum, illustrated by upwards of Thirty Etchings, by Howitt, and comprising such Articles of Natural History and Antiquity as have been found in Lancashire and the adjoining Counties.” In 1809, or about that time, Bullock removed the “ Liverpool Birds. 2.13 Museum” to London, and in 1812 he published another guide- book to his collection, now called the “ London Museum.” The title is as follows :— A Companion | to | Mr. Bullock’s | LONDON MUSEUM | and | PayrH£erıon ; containing | a Brief Description | of upwards of fifteen thousand | Natural and Foreign Curio- sities, | Antiquities, | and | Productions of the Fine Arts, | eollected during seventeen Years of arduous Research, and | at an Expense of | Thirty Thousand Pounds; now open for Public Inspection in the | Egyptian Temple, | just erected for its reception, in | Piccadilly, London, | opposite the end of Bond Street; | by W" Bullock, | Fellow of the Linnean Society, and Honorary Member of | the Dublin Society. | [Then follows Beattie’s verse, “O Nature!” etc] The Twelfth Edition. | Printed for the Proprietor. | 1812. and It will be noticed that he now states that his Museum had cost him £30,000, being £10,000 more than was stated in 1809. In the “ Address” which takes the place of the “ Preface” of 1809, “Mr. Bullock respectfully begs leave to solieit the atten- tion and patronage of the Nobility, Gentry, and the Public, to an Establishment for the advancement of the Seience of Natural History, which in magnitude and expense, he presumes, is un- paralelled, as the work of an individual.” “The very flattering and general approbation which honoured the exhibition of his Museum on its first opening in a temporary situation in London, was a convincing proof that his future efforts for the extension and improvement of the Collection woulıl be duly appreciated. His exertions to obtain articles of rarity and interest have, therefore, been unceasing. In most departments, the subjects have been doubled in number ; the specimens are choice, in the highest possible preservation, and are arranged according to the Linnean system. They consist of about Fifteen Thousand species o£ Quadrupeds, Birds, Reptiles, Fishes, Insects, Shells, Corals, ete., ete., colleeted during twenty years of unwearied application, and at an expense exceeding thirty thousand pounds. “ In adapting the edifice which Mr. Bullock has just completed for his present Collection, by displaying it advantageously for the Study of the Naturalist, the Instruction of the Curious, and the Amusement of those who are delighted in viewing the 214 Loology. Beauties of Nature, or the Curiosities of Art, he has endeavoured to render it worthy of the British Metropolis, whilst he has also provided this means for enlargement, as future additions shall accumulate. “One department of the Museum (the Pantherion), completed with much labour and great expense, is entirely novel, and presents a scene altogether grand and interesting. Various animals, as the lofty Giraffe, the Lion, the Elephant, the Rhinoceros, etc., are exhibited as ranging in their native wilds and forests ; whilst exact models, both in figure and colour, of the rarest and most luxuriant Plants from every clime, give all the appearance of reality ; the whole being assisted with a panoramic effect of distance and appropriate scenery, affording a beautiful illustration of the luxuriance of a torrid clime. “The Museums of France have been enriched with the spoils of nearly the whole Continent, and the Gallery of the Louvre contains more treasures in Painting and Sculpture than perhaps will ever again be amassed in one Collection. But though her active and persevering Ruler, desirous of making his capital the centre of attraction, has contributed to the Museum Naturale every specimen of Natural History which in the present state of the Continent could be procured, our unrivalled Navy, and the extension of our Colonies throughout the habitable world, present such advantages to this country, that the writer feels confident, that if his exertions are seconded by the Public as they have hitherto been, he will very sbortly be enabled to make a collec- tion of Natural History far surpassing anything of the kind at present in existence ; and he pledges himself to exert kis utmost power in accomplishing this important work. “To the numerous Royal, Noble, and liberal Contributors to his Museum, by whose kindness his Collection has been enriched by so many valuable articles, which could not have been procured by pecuniary means, Mr. Bullock returns his unfeigned thanks. “When the information and delight which may be derived from this Exhibition, especially by the rising generation, are con- sidered, the great sum expended in forming it, and the erection of the present large and commodious building for its reception, the Proprietor trusts that the terms will be approved of. ““ Admission to each Exhibition, one shilling..... Annual Ticket, not transferable 11. 1s...... Subscriber for Life 102. 10s. “ MUSEUM, PICCADILLY, March 28, 1812.” Birds. 215 As in his “Companion to the Liverpool Museum ” of 1809, so in the “Companion to the London Museum ” of 1812, Bullock gives a list of the “ Names of the Ladies and Gentlemen who have presented curiosities to the Museum.” Among the names of these donors are those of “ Her Majesty” ; H.R.H. the Princess Charlotte of Wales, T.R.H. the Duke and Duchess of York, Lady Banks and Sir Joseph Banks, Capt. Barrow, H.G. The Duke of Bedford, J. Bullock (Surinam), General Davies, John Francillon, the late B. Gurney of Norwich, J. Irby of Britwell House, Maidenhead, A. B. Lambert, V.P. Linnean Society, W. E. Leach, Sir John Leicester of Tabley, Mrs. Mawe, Mrs. Polito (Exeter Change), Jonathan Salt of Shefiield, Dr. J. E. Smith, President of the Linnean Society, Mr. Sowerby, Lord Stanley, M.P. (Knowsley). In contrast to the “ Companion to the Liverpool Museum ” of 1809, which commences with a description of the “ Quriosities,” the “Companion to the London Museum” of 1812 commences with the Natural History specimens. The number of species exhibited has very largely increased since 1809, but the descriptive notes of the last edition are reproduced, save that when Bullock formerly spoke of a specimen having been sent “to the Proprietor of this Museum,” he speaks, in 1812, of the identical specimen as having been sent “to me.” Bullock was his own auctioneer, and prefaced his Sale- Catalogue with an “ Address” of three pages, which is somewhat amusing reading, as, for instance, when he deplores that the size of the collection renders it impossible for the Proprietor to “publish the whole of the Auction Catalogue, with that descriptive accuracy which the subject requires, in time for the requisite circulation previous to the commencement of the sale, etc. “In submitting the whole of this valuable collection to the hammer, without the smallest reserve or purchasing in, either directly or indirectly, Mr. Bullock trusts to the liberality of the Public, and confidently expects to receive a fair remuneration for the articles which now compose the London Museum; a collection, which is the result of thirty years of unremitting attention, under the auspices of the most scientific characters, not only in this country, but in various other parts of the world ; and which has been formed at an expense considerably exceeding £30,000. “ As many of the articles of Natural History in this Museum have been collected in several places, and under a variety of 216 Zoology. eircumstances, by Mr. Bullock himself, he trusts that his know- ledge of many particulars, which may add interest or value to the articles themselves, will be a suflficient apology (if any be necessary for the manner in which a man chooses to dispose of his own property) for his appearing before the publie in the new character of an Auctioneer: a character which he hopes to convince those who may do him the honour of attending the sale, he has not assumed from any unworthy pecuniary motive, but from a proper desire to apprize the bidder of the actual eircumstances connected with the article he may wish to buy, that he may be fairly and fully in possession of its nature and character. ““ Any catalogue of a sale so various and complicated as this, must be necessarily incomplete. A catalogue must rather lead the eye to the article than explain it in detail ; but from the nature of even one branch of the collection, the Ornithologieal department, a detail is utterly impossible within the limits of any printed statement intended for general perusal. The almost exclusive command of the seas, during a protracted war, successively filled this country from every part of the world with the most novel and extraordinary specimens in this branch of Natural History, which generally centred in this Museum, and formed an important part of its extensive attractions. There are many thousands of birds unknown (chiefly owing to what we have already said of the maritime nature of the late war) to Continental Naturalists, and for which names are not to be found in the Linnean classification. The Proprietor is aware of what he must suffer from the impossibility of describing in detail a very large part of this branch of his collection ; but as he repeats his fixed determination to sell without reserve, he relies that the liberality of the lovers of Natural History, who must be aware of the value of particular articles in their branch of study, which he cannot describe as they deserve, will give him that assistance on this occasion to which they may think his labours entitle him, and his collection deserves: he neither asks nor expects more. The Proprietor, as they must see, availed himself of the great opportunities his country possessed during the late war of enriching this branch of his collection at a great expense. He now confidently relies that the result of his labours will not prove an eventual bar to the laudable enterprise of future collectors.” It will be noted that Bullock claims to have an important series of specimens from the ships engaged during the late war, Birds. DAT, and many objects from Captain Cook’s voyages are included in the Catalogue. The Fırsr Day’s SALE (Thursday, April 29, 1519) consisted of Roman antiquities, models in rice paste by Mr. Geo. Bullock, ete. Most of these lots were purchased by a Mr. Davis, including Lot 44, which fetched 33s. and consisted of “ Portraits of various British Birds, executed in feathers, and a copy of Tenniers in coloured straw.” A “ curious model of a Man-of-War, near three feet long, made entirely of glass, in a mahogany glazed case,” having a MS. note added, “ made by the proprietor when a boy,” was sold for seven guineas. Several “models of Animals finely executed from life in a manner entirely new,” included those of a “Lion and Lioness, very spirited and fine,” which was bought by Mr. Mathieson for £7, and “a large Elephant, a correct copy of the one lately living at the Jardin des Plantes at Paris,” went to the same gentleman for £5 ; while a Rhinoceros, a Camel, and a Buffalo and Roman Bull were purchased by Lord Mountmorres for £19 14s. Mr. Davis, of Bond Street, purchased Lot 66 for £39. It eonsisted of “ Fifteen different Animals, appropriately displayed on a rock, modelled in cork, with foliage carved in ivory, and inclosed in a large glazed mahogany case ; the animals consist of the Elephant, Panther, Wild Boar, Zebra, Stag, and Hind, White Stag, Spotted Axis, Wood Goat (male and female), Chamois (male and female), Roe Buck, Blood Hound, and Italian Greyhound, all copied from life, and forming a fine group for a public exhibition.” “The original model of the Colossal Statue of Napoleon, twelve feet high, which was taken from the top of the celebrated Column of Peace in the Place Vendöme, when the Allies entered Paris in 1814,” was bought for £33 12s. by Mr. Beckford of Fonthill. The Seconp Day’s Saue (April 30, 1819) consisted of pietures, a few birds, property of Napoleon, ete. Lot 19. A “ Virgin and Child and St. Anthony— Corregio ” fetched £16, and a MS. note says: “Cost him 10d. and äd. carriage. Bought at Tivoli, near Rome, where he found it stopping up the window of a cow-house.” Lot 11 was a “portrait of Titian, extremely spirited,” by Giorgione, and fetched 23 guineas. A MS. note informs us that it was “declared as above by Mr. West, P.R.A.” The birds were contained in Lots 37 to 44, and are only 218 Zoology. remarkable for the prices they fetched. They were “ arranged in bell Glasses for Chimney-Piece ornaments.” Lot 37. “A Glossy Thrush—extremely rare,” was purchased by Lord Stanley for £6, and he bought, for 3 guineas, Lot 43-— “the Spotted Tanager and Blue Creeper from Senegal ; very rare.” These birds would not fetch as many shillings in the present day. Among the Napoleonic treasures was the “Eagle carried before the Emperor on State occasions.” A picture of the meeting of the Emperors of France and Russia on the raft at Tilsit, said to have cost 100 guineas, fetched £16. The Tmırp Day’s SAte, May 4, 1819, consisted of “ Birds.” In addition to the private buyers, Dr. Leach purchased for the British Museum, Professor Temminck for Holland, Mr. Fector for Vienna, Baron Logier (Laugier) for Paris, Dr. Adams for Edinburgh. Among the names of the private purchasers occur the names of Sabine, Swainson, Vigors, Yarrell, Leadbetter, Calvert, Hale, Lincoln, Riddell, Lord Stanley, Lord Temple. Leach purchased among other specimens :— Lot 16. Ardea pavonia, Crowned Crane (£]). Lot 29. Ardea garzetta, Little Egret ; very rare, British (22s.). No longer in the British Museum. Lot 37. Oyster-catchers (21s.). None of these appear to be now preserved in the Museum. Lot 38. New Holland and American Avoset (35s.). Spec. b of Recurvirostra novz hollandizse of my “ Catalogue of Birds,” vol. xxiv., pP. 334, may probably be Bullock’s old specimen. Lot 39. Procellaria gigantea, Giant Petrel; very fine (25s.). Spec. h of Salvin’s “Catalogue of Birds,” vol. xxv., p. 424, may be the old Bullock specimen. Lot 43. Psophia crepitans, Gold-breasted Trumpeter (male and female), in glass cases (42s.). Probably spec. a of Gray’s Catalogue, “ Gallin®,” p. 73 (1844): not in the Museum in 1894. (Cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 279.) Lot 46. Roller, Coracias garrula; very rare and fine [“ British” added in MS.] (31s. 6d.). (Of. Gray’s “ Catalogue of British Birds,” p. 36.) It seems to have perished. (Of. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 17.) Lot 52. Crowned Crane (the female) (£5). Lot 59. Black Curassow (15s.). This may be the specimen recorded by Gray under Crax alector, spec. a (Gray, Cat. “Gallin®,” p. 20, 1844). Lot 70. Nondescript Heron, East Indies (38s.). Birds. 19 Lot 99. Pelecanus bassanus, the Soland Goose (188). This is still in the collection. (Cf. Gray, Cat. Brit. B., p. 245 (1863) ; Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 427.) Lot 109. Cape Penguin (31s. 6d.). This must be spec. a of Gray’s Catalogue of 1844, p. 154, and spec. e of Mr. Ogilvie- Grant’s volume (Cat. B., xxvi., p. 650, 1898). The FourrH Day’s Sıre (May 5, 1819), consisted of “ British Land Birds,” a number of which were bought by Sir Thomas Ackland. Lot 1. Falco Chrysaetus, the Golden Eagle (male), killed in Scotland ; finely preserved in the act of preying on the white hare. This well-known group, which for many years was a con- spicuous object in the British Gallery at Bloomsbury, was purchased by Dr. Leach for 9 guineas. Lot 2 (the female) was purchased by Dr. Leach for 4 guineas, as was also Lot 3. The young and egg of ditto, the only one known in any collection (35s.). Lot 5. A female Sea-Eagle ; killed in the park of Sir Joseph Banks, in Lincolnshire (extent of wing 8 feet 4 in., MS. note) ; was bought by Sir Thomas Ackland for nine guineas. Lot 7, a female White-tailed Eagle, was secured by Dr. Leach for £3 8s., and Lot 8, Two young birds taken in “the Isle of Hoy, one of the Orkneys,” were also purchased by him for £4 4s. Lot 11. Falco fulvus, Ring-tailed Eagle (male), went to Mr, Sabine for £7 15s. Lot 12. The female was bought by Leach for £5 5s. ; and Lot 13, Two young of ditto, was also purchased by him for £5 15s. 6d. ; ef. Gray, Cat. Brit. B., pp. 3, 6 (1863). Lot 22. F. Lanareus, Lanner (male and female). Bought by Lord Stanley for £2 12s. Lot 31. Strix Nyctea, Snowy Owl (male), killed in Britain, was purchased by Leach for the enormous sum of 25 guineas. This bird is no longer in the Museum. Lot 32. Another Snowy Owl (killed in Shetland by Mr. Edmonson, MS. note) was likewise bought by Leach for £9 10s. It is still in the Museum ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 128. Lot 34. Strix bubo, Great-eared Owl, was purchased by Colonel Bullock for £3 10s. Lot 36*. Strix flammea, White Owl (male, female, and young) (and tree containing young, MS. note), fetched 15s. Bought by a Mr. Ashmead. 220 Zoology. Lot 37. Strix stridula, Tawny Owl, egg and young ones. Purchased by Leach for 7s. Lot 38. Strix nebulosa, Barred Owl. Purchased by Dr. Leach for £2. What bird this could have been I have been unable to determine. It was not the true Strix nebulosa, as in 1875, when I published the second volume of the ‘“ Catalogue of Birds,” the Museum only possessed one specimen of this species, presented by Lord Odo Russell (cf. Cat. B., ii., p. 258, 1875). Bullock’s specimen may have been 8. lapponteum, spec. a. (cf. Sharpe, t.c., p. 255). Lot 52. A nondescript Cuckoo, perfectly white, less than half the size of the common; taken in Cornwall, and sent to Sir Joseph Banks ; the only one known. Bought by Mr. Sabine for 3 guineas (the Museum copy says by Dr. Leach). Lot 58. Merops Apiaster, Bee-eater ; very rare. Bought by Col. Bullock for 14s. Lot 66. Turdus roseus, Rose-coloured Thrush (female), taken in the Orkneys, 1818; extremely rare. A MS. note states that it was killed in the garden of the Rev. Mr. Hamilton, Isle of Hoy. Lord Stanley bought the specimen for 3 guineas. Lot 67. Turdus roseus, Rose-coloured Thrush (male) ; very fine. Bought by Sir Thomas Ackland for £5 6s.. A MS. note states that it “ flew against the light House of Isle of Sanda and was killed. Sent to Mr. B[ullock] by Mr. Strong.” In the Museum copy this specimen is said to have been bought by Dr. Leach, but there is no example recorded by G. R. Gray as being in the British Museum in 1863. Lot 102. Little Bustard, Otis tetrax (male) ; extremely rare. Purchased by Dr. Leach for the British Museum for £10. This is spec. b of Gray’s “Catalogue of British Birds” (p. 134), recorded as from “ Norfolk,” from Mr. Bullock’s Museum. In our oflicial copy I find that I have a MS. note from the Rev. OÖ. Pickard-Cambridge to the effect that this individual was killed by the Rev. G. Pickard-Cambridge, at Walmwell, Dorset- shire. This locality is given by me in the “ Catalogue of Birds” (vol. xxiii., p. 290). Professor Newton has added a note to his copy of DBullock’s Sale-Catalogue: “The Rev. O. Pickard- Cambridge, says (in litt, Nov. 2, 1877), that his father sent Bullock a female Little Bustard killed at Walmwell in Dorset in the late autumn or beginning of winter about or before 1818.” This was probably the female (Lot 103) which was bought for 8 guineas by Mr. Brooks, at whose sale, according to Professor Dirds. 22] Newton, it formed No. 43, Lot 6 (Sale-Catalogue, l5th day, August, 1828, p. 95). The specimen in our Museum is a male, and it is probable that the locality for it is correct, and that Mr. Pickard-Cambridge was mistaken as regards this Museum specimen. Of the “British Water Birds,” according to the Sale- Catalogue in our Museum, Dr. Leach bought Lot 108, Crane, A. Grus, extremely rare, for £6; but Professor Newton’s copy says that the bird was “shot by Lord Gage in Britain” and purchased by Mr. Sabine. There is no mention of a Crane in Gray’s “ List of Grall®,” and the purchase by Mr. Sabine was probably correct. Lot 110. The Great White Heron, A. Alba, very rare, said to have been purchased by Dr. Leach, had not survived till 1844, as it is not mentioned in Gray’s “ List of Gralls, etc.” Lot 113. Squaeco Heron, A. Comata, very rare, seems to have met a similar fate. Lots 116, 117, Gardenian Heron, were also both purchased by Dr. Leach, but are no longer in the Museum. The Fırrtn Day’s Sat (Thursday, May 6, 1819) began with the British Water Birds. No. 15, Greenwich Sandpiper, has a MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy: “Shot near Edin- burgh. Supposed to have been a young Reeve.” This was spec. p of the Rutf in Gray’s “ List of Grall®,” 1844, p. 103, and it occurs in his Catalogue of 1863 (p. 164). It could not have been kept, as I did not find it when I wrote the “Catalogue of Birds.” Lot 29 contains the Corn Crake, Rallus Crex, with its egg ; “ Common Gallinule, Gallinula chloropus (male and female). These species were taken in the Isle of Tristan d’Ancuna.” The latter bird must have been Porphyriornis nesiotis, described by Dr. Sclater in 1861 from living specimens presented by Sir George Grey to the Zoological Gardens (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 166). Professor Newton’s copy of Bullock’s Sale-Catalogue has a note that this Lot 29 was purchased by Dr. Leach, but I cannot trace the specimens in the Museum records. The Museum copy says that a Mr. Winn was the purchaser, and if this were the case, these Moorhens did not come into the Museum. Lot 43. Great Auk, Alca Impennis (male), a very fine specimen of this exceedingly rare bird, killed at Papa Westra in the Orkneys, the only one taken on the British coast for many years; and an egg; in glass case. These specimens were purchased by Dr. Leach for £16 5s. 6d. They are still in the Museum, the bird being a very fine one, but the egg is not a good 222 Zoology. specimen, having been bleached by exposure to the light for fifty years in the old British Museum at Bloomsbury. Dr. Leach also bought the next Lots, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49, including Razor-Bills, Puffins, Guillemots, etc. They were mentioned by Gray in 1863 in his “Catalogue of British Birds,” but very few were retained by Mr. Ögilvie-Grant when he wrote the twenty-sixth volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” Lot 61, “An undescribed Gull, much allied to the Arctie [Tern]), but much superior in size, killed at Brighton,” was apparently the specimen of the Gull-billed Tern (Sterna anglica) recorded by Gray as from “ Great Britain. From Mr. Bullock’s Collection,” in his “ Catalogue of British Birds,” 1863, p. 241. It has since been destroyed, having fallen into bad condition, and was not recognised as the specimen purchased by Leach. No. 68. The great white-winged Gull, Larus Glaucus, lately killed in Shetland and Northumberland ; a fine adult male and female, and the young of the first year. These were bought by Leach for £6 16s. 6d. One of the young birds is still in the Museum (cf. Howard Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 293). Lot 78. “ An undescribed Petrel with a forked tail, taken at St. Kilda in 1818 ; the only one known.” This was bought by Leach for £5 15s., and is apparently the specimen described by Temminck as Procellaria leachit (“ Man. d’Orn.,” ii., p. 812). No. 79. Glariola austriaca, Austrian Pratincole (male), killed in Shetland. The second specimen killed in Britain. See Montague and Linnean Transactions. This is said to have been purchased by Dr. Leach for eight guineas. There is no trace of the specimen at the present time, and it was apparently not in the Museum in 1863 (ef. Gray, Cat. Brit. B., p. 137). Lot 83. Red-breasted Goose, shot near Berwick, was purchased by Leach for £27. It is still in the Brıtish Museum (ef. Gray, Cat. Brit. B., 1863, p. 185; Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 126, 1895). Lot 89. Eider Duck (male and female). Young ones, nest of eider, and eggs, taken on Papa Westra, one of the Orkneys, in 1812. These were purchased by Leach for £2, and are most probably the series mentioned by Count Salvadori as having “no locality” (Cat. B., xxvii., p. 429). Lot 97. Rufous Duck (A. Nyroca) ; rare (male and female). Purchased by Leach for £4 8s. They are recorded by Gray in 1863 as having been from the London market, but the only one aow remaining seems to be the male recorded from “ England ” »y Count Salvadori (Cat. B., xxvii., p. 348). Birds. 223 Lot 114. A white variety of the Shag, and a ditto of the Jay. The Shag has disappeared, but the Jay is mentioned by Gray in 1863 (p. 85) and by me (Cat. B., iii., p. 94). ELEvEnTtH Days’ Sare, May 18, 1819. This day was again devoted to birds. Lot 4, “Crimson-breasted Woodpecker, Picus Olivaceous (sie !), the specimen brought by Capt. Cook,” was bought by Baron Laugier for 12s., who also purchased Lot 5 (male and female Sacred Kingfisher) for 13s. Lot 6, Gigantic Heron (“ female,” in Prof. Newton’s Cata- logue), was bought by Dr. Adams for Edinburgh for 39s. The same gentleman purchased the next, Lot 7, a male of the same species, “a noble specimen in the finest plumage,” but he had to pay £8 for it. Mr. Vigors and Mr. Swainson likewise purchased specimens on this occasion, and a good many were secured by Mr. Fector for Vienna. Lot 19. Belted Kingfisher, Alcedo Aleyon, and an undescribed species from the Sandwich Islands, were bought by Dr. Leach for a guinea. I have been unable to trace them, so far, in the British Museum cabinets. Lot 31. Pigmy Auk, Aptenodytas pygmzxa, “very rare: the only specimen in Britain,” fetched 35s. from Mr. Leadbeater. Lot 32. A Beef-eater, Buphaga africana, from Africa, fetched £2 4s. from a Mr. Hobart—an enormous figure. Lot 33. A Black-bellied Darter or Anhinga, Plotus melano- gaster, was purchased by Mr. Vigors for 53s. Lot 35. A “beautiful undescribed Roller from Africa ; the only one known,” was bought by a Mr. Riddell for £4. Leach purchased a number of the Petrels, spending more than £25 on the following numbers : Lot 39. Stormy Petrel (10s. 6d.). Lot 41. Pintado Petrel, P. capensis (16s.). Lot 42. Black Petrel, ZEquinoctialis (£6 16s. 6d. !). Lot 43. Great Petrel or Mother Carey’s Goose, P. gigantea ; a fine specimen, 3 feet long (£10!). Lot 44. Sooty Petrel, P. grissea (male and female) (£3 6s.). Lot 45. Cinereous Petrel, P. cinerea, “from Tristran d’Acunha,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy (£2 16s.). Lot 46. Two Petrels, undescribed, “ brot. home by Cook,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy (19s.). Lot 47. Two ditto, ditto (24s.). 224 Zoology. The next lot was bought by Mr. Fector for 278. It is described as Lot 48. A Scallop Toad Darter, undescribed, from Cayenne. It was doubtless an example of the Heliornis fulica, which has scalloped toes, but is hardly a Darter ! Lot 56. Grey Tern, Latham MS., was bought by Professor Temminck for 18s. Lot 57. Wreathed Tern, S. Vittata, “from Sir Jo. Banks” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy), went to Dr. Leach for 168. Lot 60. Tern, unknown, Leach bought for 8s. Lot 61. “The Tailor Bird, with its curious nest, from the Leverian Museum ; the only ornithological specimen from that collection in the sale.” This was purchased by a Mr. Ledbrook for £27s. On the 17th day’s sale a pair of the same species with nest (Lot 91) was bought by Lord Stanley for £3 15s. Lot 62. Peacock Pheasant, East Indies, very rare. Bought by Dr. Leach for 5 guineas. Lot 64. Jungle Cock, Phasianus varius, very rare ; supposed - to be the original stock of our domestie fowls. This was secured by Baron Laugier for 6 guineas. Lot 65. Short-tailed Crow, Corvus Brachyurus; very rare (£2 23.). Lot 66. Hawkesbury Duck, New Holland (30s.). The above were purchased by Dr. Leach. Lot 67, Lobated Duck, New Holland, was bought by the Linnean Society for £2 13s. The Society also bought Lot 97, Emew (£10 10s.), and 98, Lesser Emew (£7 10s.), Lot 106, Ardea Antigone, 5 feet high (£6 6s.). Lot 80, the Jacamarciri, or Great Jacamar, Galbula grandis, was bought by Dr. Adams for 10 guineas. Lot 81. Guinea Tody, Latham MS. Lot 83. African Tody, ditto. Lot 85. Sharp-tailed Nuthatch, ditto. Lot 86. Boat-billed Tody, ditto. None of these lots were purchased by Leach, and several birds marked as “unknown” or “ undescribed” were also passed by him. Lot 93. Three-toed Östrich, Struthio camelus Americanus (an early instance of the employment of trinomial nomenclature in Great Britain !). Bought by Dr. Adams for the Edinburgh Museum, for £2 4s. Lot 94. The Ostrich, S. Camelus (a fine full-grown male) Birds. Ä DD 25 10 feet high ; beautifully preserved, and in the highest preserva- tion. Bought by Professor Temminck for £33 6s. 6d. Lot 105. Wattled Heron, Ardeas Carunculata; a noble specimen, near 6 feet high ; from the French Museum. Pur- chased by Mr. Leadbeater for 7 guineas. The reference to the “French Museum” probably means that it formed part of the loot taken by the Allies on the occupation of Paris. Lot 116 was a “ Beautiful nondesceript diminutive species of Woodpecker, from Africa ; the smallest known.” This was bought by Mr. Fector for 12s. for Vienna. Lot 117. A Ditto was bought by Mr. Vigors for 13s. Lot 118. A Scarlet Ibis, Tantalus Ruber ; an adult bird, in the finest plumage. This was bought for 4 guineas by “Mr. Ledbrook for Lord Temple,” as a MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy informs us. The Twerrtn Day’s Saure, Wednesday, May 19, 1819, con- sisted of “ Foreign Birds.” A certain Mr. Bell, “of Buckingham Street,” bought many of the lots, as did also Mr. Vigors and Lord Stanley. Dr. Leach does not appear as a bidder on this day, but many specimens were purchased by Professor Temminck, Baron Laugier, and Mr. Fector. The latter secured Lot 121 for £2 15s., consisting of the “Red-breasted Roller from Mexico, extremely rare. Latham’s Supplement, vol. ii., p. 125.” For Lot 111, a “ Beautiful Blue Crow, from Mexico,” un- described, Lord Stanley paid £16 5s. 6d., and for the previous Lot 110, a “Peruvian Jay, ©. Peruvianus ; very rare,” Baron Laugier paid the enormous sum of 17 guineas ! “Part Third” of the Sale-Catalogue announces a further auction of six days’ duration, commencing on Thursday, the 20th of May, 1819, the FirtgEntH Day. Leach appeared again on the scene, but bought very little. The bidders from Holland, France, and Austria were as keen as ever, and Mr. Vigors and Mr. Swainson purchased some lots, principally South American birds undetermined, and some Toucans. Lot 35, Puff-backed Shrike, Latham MS. (male and female), went to Mr. Fector for £1 11s. 6d. Lot 64. “ A splendid nondescript species of Lanius [altered to Corvus in MS. in Prof. Newton’s copy], the largest and most beautiful known ; sent to Europe by P&rouse, and perhaps the only remaining memento of his voyage.” This specimen fell to Mr. Leadbeater for £7 17s. 6d. VOL. II. Q 226 Zoology. Lot 71, Genoese Eagle, Latham MS., killed in 1814 near Genoa, was purchased by Mr. Vigors for 32s. Many species of the Acecipitres are said to be “ unknown.” Lot 79 was in the latter category, but Professor Newton’s copy has a MS. note ‘brot by Sr Joseph Bankes.” The Lot was bought by Dr. Leach for 4 guineas. Lot 97. Zone-tailed Eagle, bought by Leach for 308. Lot 113, an Egyptian Vulture (female), was also purchased by him for £2 12s. 6d. Lot 121. “White Jer Falcon, Falco Islandieus; a beautiful specimen of this exceeding rare British bird, in its snow white plumage.” For this specimen Leach gave £10, but it is no longer in the British Museum. Although many of his purchases were afterwards found in the last-named Museum, there is no absolute proof that he was acting on behalf of that institution. As Professor Newton observes in his copy of Bullock’s Sale-Catalogue, “ The specimen of the Jer Falcon is not included in the List of Birds in the British Museum. Hence Dr. Leach may have bought other things not for the Museum, or some may have been destroyed since, e.g. the Aust. Pratincole”” From the evidence of his “ Catalogue of Mammals and Birds,” 1816, it would seem as if Leach had a private collection. For Lot 126, a pair of the “ Oxrulescent Hawk,” i.e. the Small Falconet, of Java, Baron Laugier gave the extravagant (according to our notions of the present day) price of £5 15s. 6d.! The FOURTEENTH Day’s SALE took place on the 21st-of May, 1819, and consisted of “ Birds of the Psittacus or Parrot Genus; of which this collection contains perhaps a greater variety, and more undescribed species, than any other ; many of them were brought by Sir Joseph Banks, in his Voyage of Discovery with Captain Cook ; and are in no other collection.” It is difieult to understand why Banks, who was a Trustee of the British Museum and a liberal donor to our institution, should have parted with his specimens of birds to Bullock and the Leverian Museum. The following were brought by Dr. Leach :— Lot 15. Yellow-winged Parrakeet, P. verescens (15s.). Lot 19. Horned Parrakeet, P. cornutus; brought by Sir Joseph Banks from the South Sea; the specimen described by Doctor Latham (£5 10s.). This was doubtless the typical bird Birds. 997 from which Forster’s sketch was taken (antea, p. ). The specimen is mentioned in Gray’s List of Psittacide (p. 7), 1859, but seems to have been discarded by Count Salvadori in 1891 (ef. Cat. B., xx., p. 501). Lot 27. Great Pacifie Parrot, Latham MS., unique (34s.). Lot 30. Pacifie Parrot, P. Australis; very rare ; South Seas (268.). Lot 32. Undescribed Parrot; brought by Sir Joseph Banks. Bought by Lord Stanley for £3. Lot 33. Undescribed Parrot. “This and the last are not known in any other collection.” Dr. Leach brought this lot for £2 12s. 6d. In the Museum copy of the Catalogue, Lord Stanley is noted as the purchaser. Lot 42. Parrot undescribed ; from the South Seas; brought by Sir Joseph Banks. Purchased by Leach for £3 10s. No. 43. Beautiful Small Parrot, undescribed ; it was killed on a vine in the garden of Colonel Johnson, at Port Jackson, and is the only one ever seen in the colony. This lot was purchased by the Linnean Society for £4 18s. Lot 56. Wave-headed parrot, Latham MS.; new. Fetched £2 13s. Lot 60. Sanguine-bellied Parrot, Latham MS. ; new. Fetched 278. Both the above were bought by Lord Stanley. Lot 69. COrimson-winged Parrot, P. Erythropterus (male and female), a most beautiful species; brought in Captain Flinders’ voyage of discovery from the north coast of New Holland. Bought by Sir T. Coates for £5 18s. [In the Museum copy the name is given as Sir ©. Coote]. Lot 71. Lesser Sulphur-crested Cockatoo, P. Sulphureus. Bought by Dr. Leach for £2 10s. Lot 77. Banksian Cockatoo, P. Banksi. Linnean Society, for £3. Lot 78. A splendid species of Black Cockatoo, with scarlet tail (male and female) ; undescribed. Lot 93. A pair of beautiful Yellow Macaws (male and female), from the Spanish main ; undescribed. Purchased by Lord Stanley for £21. Lot 114. Southern Parrots (male and female), P. Nestor, very fine, and extremely rare; brought by Sir Joseph Banks from the South Seas. Bought by Dr. Leach for 16 guineas. This specimen is apparently still in the Museum, as Count Salvadori qQ2 228 Zoology. in his “Catalogue of Birds” mentions a specimen of Nestor meridionalis from New Zealand, from Capt. Cook’s voyages (cf. Cat. B., xx., p. 5 (1891) ). The FiırtErntH Day’s SALE took place on Tuesday, May 28, 1819. It still consisted of Birds—“ Herons, Ducks, Wood- peckers, Bee-eaters, &c.” A certain Captain Laskey bought several lots, as did a Mr. Molinari, who had purchased a few lots in the sales of the previous days. Lots 7, 14, 37, 39, 41, 52 are marked as “sold,” having apparently been disposed of before the sale commenced. Lot 8. Undeseribed Heron. Purchased by Mr. Fector for Vienna (£2 2s.). Lot 9. Beautiful Heron; unknown. Bought by Prof. Temminck (13s.). Lot 10. Roufous Heron, undescribed ; from “New Holland,” corrected in MS. in Professor Newton’s copy to “ S. America.” Bought by Prof. Lichtenstein (14s.). Lot 16. Unknown Heron. Bought by Lord Stanley (17s.). Lot 17. Small Bittern; undescribed. Bought by Prof. Temminck for 1 guinea. Lot 27. Ibis; unknown. Lord Stanley (28s.). Lot 28. Patagonian Penguin, A. Patachonica. Mr. Led- brook (21s.). He also bought several other lots, presumably for Lord Temple. Lot 51. Albatross, Diomedia Exulanss. A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy adds: ““ From Tristan d’Acunha.” Lord Stanley bought this lot for £6. } Lot 54, Spotted Shag, is entered twice. [See No. 64.] Lot 59. A Harlequin Duck, A. Histrionica. A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy adds: “Killed in Orkneys.” It was bought by Dr. Adams for Edinburgh for a guinea. Lot 79. Grey-headed Woodpecker, P. Canus. The locality is entered in Professor Newton’s copy as “ Siberia.” Swainson gave 16s. for the specimen. Lot 88. A “Pair of Brown Woodpeckers ; undescribed.” Bought by Baron Laugier for 223. Lot 90. Unknown [| Woodpecker]. Bought by Swainson for 88. Lot 91. Ditto. Bought by Molinari for 7s. Lot 92. Undescribed (11s.).. Lot 93. Ditto (20s.). Both bousht by Swainson. Several lots of Honey-eaters follow, the species being described (evidently by Latham) as Gold-winged Bee-eater, etc. Birds. 229 Lot 104. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Merops cyanops. “New Zealand” (according to the MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Bought by Temminck for 20s. This specimen is Ento- myza cyanotis, and formed the subject of Plate 471 of the “ Planches Coloriees.” Dr. Finsch, writing to Professor Newton in 1500, states that it is still in the Leyden Museum. No. 109. Yellow-tufted Bee-eater, M. Fxsiculatus, was bought by Lord Stanley for 19. A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy adds : “ Brot by Capt. Cook.” No. 112. Swallow-tailed Bee-eater, Latham MS.; “from Abyssinia ” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Bought by Prof. Lichtenstein for 26s. Lot 120. [Following on several “unknown ” and “ undescribed ” Bee-eaters] Two undescribed species [of Bee-eaters|. Bought by Temminck for 20s. Professor Newton thinks that one of these may have been M. bullocki (cf. Donovan, Nat. Repository, i., p. to pl. exxxvü). A MS. note in his copy adds that these birds were from New Holland. Dr. Leach does not seem to have been present at this day’s sale. The SIxTEEnTtH Day’s SALE took place on Wednesday, May 26, 1819. Still more birds put up to auction, and Dr. Leach was present, all the other purchasers being there as usual. Many “unknown” Pigeons were bought by Baron Laugier, Professor Temminck, Lord Stanley, Mr. Vigors, Mr. Molinari ; and Lot 1 by Mr. Fector. Lot 22. Dr. Leach bought an “unknown Pigeon,” which is said, in a MS. note to Professor Newton’s copy, to have come from the “S. S. Voyages” (108.). No. 28. Hook-billed Pigeon (female) from Senegal, purchased by Swainson for 8s., may well have been his type of Treron nudirostris. Lot 30. A Crowned Pigeon, C[olumba] Coronata, purchased by a Mr. Lincoln for 35s., is stated in a MS. note to Professor Newton’s copy to have been the “property of late Princess Charlotte.” Lot 40. A magnificent undescribed species of Pigeon, from the north coast of New Holland, “in Flinders’ Voyage” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). This was bought by Baron Laugier for £4 14s. 6d. Lot 70. Buff-breasted Partridge, Latham’s MS. [“and of his book,” MS. note]. Bought by Professor Temminck for 208. 230 Zoology. Lot 73. Dusky-breasted Partridge (female), Latham MS. Bought by Lord Stanley for £2 4s. Lot 81. Spotted-necked Quail, Latham MS., also bought by Lord Stanley, for £1 11s. 6d. Dr. Leach does not seem to have bought more than one lot at this day’s sale. Perhaps his money was exhausted and the prices were toohigh. On this occasion Mr. Ledbrook was bidding for the Marquess of Buckingham, as Professor Newton’s copy records that he gave £30 for a pair of cases (Lot 110) with Crocodiles, Lizards, etc. Lot 119, which concluded the sale, contained a magnificent specimen of the Japan Peacock (male and female) and a Wild Turkey, in the mahogany glass case; the whole of the birds in which were presented by her late Majesty to the Museum. The lot was separated “by desire,” and Mr. Warwick bought the male Peacock for £9, and Baron Laugier secured the female Peacock for £3 9s., and the Turkey for 7 guineas. The SEvENTEENTH Day’s SALE took place on Thursday, ‚May 27, 1819, and Dr. Leach was not present. Lot 24. Several species of American Fringillas, “four all different” (MS. note). Purchased by Mr. Vigors for 11s. Lot 32. Pair of beautiful Goatsuckers ; unknown (£2 16s.). Lot 33. A beautiful Long-tailed Goatsucker, undescribed ; from Africa (£3 3s.). These two lots were bought by Colonel Brewer or Bruen. A pair of Argus Pheasants in a mahogany case fetched £29 18s. 6d. (Warwick). Lot 46. A Red-egged Partridge, Tfetrao] Rufous (sie), “killed in Suffolk on grounds of Lord Rendlesham,” fetched 27s., and was bought by Mr. Ledbrook. Lot 54. Chinese Jacanu, P[arra] Sinensis. Bought by Baron Laugier for 4 guineas. A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy adds: “Sent to B. [i.e. Bullock] from French Museum. Unique in this kingdom.” Lot 60. White Gallinule, F[ulica] alba. New Zealand, rare; brought by Sir J. Banks. Purchased by Lord Stanley for 3 guineas. It is an albino of Porphyrio melanonotus, and of the specimen a full history is given by Dr. H. O. Forbes in the “ Bulletin” of the Liverpool Museums for May 1901 (vol. iii., No. 2, pp. 62-68). Further remarks are to be found in Sir Walter Buller’s “ Supplement to the ‘ Birds of New Zealand ’” (vol. i., p. 73, note). Burds. 231 Lot 68*. Pair of Dusky Rails. Purchased by Prof. Temminck for 9s. E Lot 77, containing Birds of Paradise in a case, the most complete collection known. This case was broken up and the birds sold in lots on the nineteenth day of sale. Lot 85. Pair of great cases of Warblers, Motacilla. This case also was divided and sold on the twenty-fourth day of sale. Lot 86. The “collection of Buntings, Emberiza,” was likewise divided up into lots. Lot 87. “ A magnificent species of Turkey, from the Bay of Honduras, undescribed ; it was sent as a present to Sir Henry Halford, and died on its passage: the only one known. Baron Laugier bought it for £34 123. Lot 101. Hook-billed Green Creeper, C[erthia] Obscura, was bought by Prof. Temminck (£2 2s.). Lot 102. Great Hook-billed Creeper, ©. Pacifica ; also bought by Prof. Temminck (£4 4s.). Lot 103. Hook-billed Red Creeper, C. Vestiaria. Bought by Mr. Fector for 24s. Lot 104. Ditto (male and female), bought by Mr. Molinari. A note informs us that “The last four lots are used by the natives of the Sandwich Islands in the manufacture of their beautiful dresses.” There can scarcely be any doubt that some of these specimens were from Capt. Cook’s voyages and were doubtless the originals of those figured by Ellis. The EiGHTEENTH Day’s SALE, May 28, 1819, was principally devoted to Shells, Corals, etc. Dr. Leach bought several lots, but none of the Birds, of which there were a few. Lot 66. White-crowned Thrush, new; Latham MS. Lord Stanley (33s.). Lot 68. A Crimson and Black Thrush, from Mexico; un- described. Lord Stanley (£5). Lot 69. Rose-coloured Thrush, Turdus Roseus; rare; a fine male. “Shot in Scotland” (MS. note). Mr. Vigors (£2 3s.). Lot 91. Pair of Chinese Swallows; very rare; with speci- mens of their curious Nest, of which the Chinese make soup. “ Brot. home by S’J. Bancks” (MS. note). A Mr. Buckingham bought this lot for £5. Lot 95, Thrushes, and Lot 96, Grosbeaks, were, by consent of all parties, to be divided into smaller lots. 232 Zoology. In the Museum copy there is a title-page to the next part of the Sale-Catalogue, which is missing in Professor Newton’s copy. It is entitled “ Part Fourth, containing the 19th, 20th, 21st and 22nd days’ sale,” etc. etc. The NınETEENTH Day’s SALE occurred on June 1, 1819. Dr. Leach bought a few birds, as follows :— Lot 16. Fine specimen of Mother Carey’s Goose (£5 58.). Lot 66. Chocolate Falcon, ““ Amer. Orn.” (£1 1s.). Lot 78. Two Hawks, from North America (12s.). Lot 79. One Hawk and a Butcher Bird (123.). On the TweEntIETH Day’s SALE, Wednesday, June 2, 1819, more birds were sold, but Dr. Leach does not seem to have put in an appearance ; all the other buyers were present, and some new names added to the list. Lot 94. Fifteen Bird-skins, from Sierra Leone, were bought by Mr. Swainson for £6 18s. Lot 95. Kingfisher from East Indies, bought by Temminck, may be the Dacelo coromandeliana of Schlegel’s Catalogue (“ Mus. Pays Bas,” Alcedines, p. 25) as Professor Newton suggests. Against this lot (p. 124) is a MS. note signed “J. S.,” which Professor Newton thinks may have been originally written by James Sowerby, but I am inclined to think it is J. L. (= John Latham), to whose hand-writing allthe MS. notes in Professor Newton’s copy of the Sale-Catalogue bear a strong resemblance. Lot 114. Larus Atracilloides, a rare Gull. Bought by Mr. Sabine for 2 guineas. Lot 115. Undescribed Grosbeak, from Tristan d’ Pe - 5 and the Mosambique Finch. Bought by Professor Lichtenstein for 29s. Lot 119. Northern Finch (male and female), Latham MS., and the Snow Flake. Bought by Lord Stanley for 178. Lot 127. Fourteen various specimens of Birds, from New Holland ; collected by Capt. Flinders. Bought by Lord Stanley for £7 118. 6d. Lot 128. Ten ditto, ditto. Bought by Mr. Molinari for 35s. Lot 130. Great Rail, from New York ; Blue-necked Rail; and another, unknown. Bought by Professor Temminck for 25s. The Twenty-First Day’s SALE, on Thursday, June 3, 1819, contained some various articles, but there were a goodly Birds. 233 proportion of birds offered for sale, some of them of great interest. Dr. Leach bought only a few lots of no great importance. Lot 6. An “undescribed Barbet, of the new genus Pogonius.” Purchased by Baron Laugier for 308. Lot 16. Larus Atraciloides ; rare. Bought by Lord Stanley for 208. Lot 23. White-winged Crossbill ; rare, and the Snow Flake. A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy adds for the first-named, ‘“ shot several times in New Forest lately.” This lot was purchased by Lord Valentia for 10s. Lot 31. Beautiful small Plover, from the River Gambia. Prof. Temminck (16s.). No. 32. A ditto, from the River Gambia. Mr. Swainson (17s.). Lot 33. Pair of small Plovers, from New Zealand. Prof. Temminck, for 308. Lot 34. Chestnut-breasted Plover of Latham MS., and another. Lord Stanley (16s.). Lot 36. Curious small Plover of New Holland, and a Cream- coloured Plover.. Baron Laugier (£3 3s.). Lot 37. Rail, undescribed ; from the voyage of Captain Cook. Bought by Prof. Temminck for 35s., apparently Pennula sand- wichensis (antea, p. )- Lot 39. Two fine specimens (various) of the Spur-winged Plover ; unknown. Prof. Temminck (29s.). Lot 40. Black-breasted Plover of Latham MS.,and Chestnut- breasted of ditto. Prof. Temminck (31s.). Lot 44. The Yellow Shank, Norfolk Plover, and a Sandpiper. Capt. Laskey (7s.). The Museum copy of the Catalogue says that the purchaser was Dr. Leach. Lot 45. Black-throated Plover of Latham MS., pair of Ring Dottrels ; Capt. Laskey (7s.). This lot is also booked to Dr. Leach in the Museum copy. Lot 46. A “Singular undescribed Lizard, from the north coast of New Holland.” “Flinders Voyage” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy, where the specimen is said to have been bought by Leach for 22s.). The Museum copy agrees with the price fetched, but gives the purchaser as Dr. Adams, who bought for the Edinburgh Museum. Lot 48. Shear Water Petrel and Stormy Petrel. Prof. Temminck (£4 10s.). Lot 50. Woodcock, and curious variety of the Lark. Dr. Leach (11s.). 234 Zoology. Lot 52. Little Owl, shot in Yorkshire; rare. Professor Newton’s copy adds a MS. note, “By Mr. Fothergill” The lot was bought by Mr. Ryall for 12s. Lot 54. Common Gallinule from Tristan D’Ancunha, and the Red-necked Grebe. Also bought by Mr. Ryall, for 7s. Lot 56. Carrier Pigeon, Wild Stock-Dove, and a Blackbird. Bought by Dr. Leach for £1. Lot 57. Two rare Sandpipers, and the Turnstone. Bought by Dr. Leach for 308. Lot 58. Dusky Sandpiper, nest and eggs, taken in Scotland. Bought by Dr. Leach for 10s. 6d. In Professor Newton’s copy the word “Sandpiper ” has been erased, and the word “Lark” substituted by the scribe who annotated the catalogue. Professor Newton adds a note: “On the origin of Yarrell’s mistake, Br. B., vol. i, ii, p. 666.” At this day’s sale Dr. Leach bought some Quadrupeds and Insects, and among the “ Fossils” were some eggs. Lot 123. Egg of the Great Auk, Alca impennia ; and other rare British eggs. Purchased by Dr. Leach for 17. ! Lots 124, 126. Boxes, “ containing a quantity of the Eggs of British Birds,” were also purchased by him for a guinea each. It is of interest to note that several curios were purchased by “Walter Scott, Esq.” Such were a “large dish of Persian ware,” ete. It would be interesting to know if these are still at Abbotsford. He also purchased most of the armour offered for sale on this day. The Twenty-ssconp Dayv’s SALE, Friday, June 4, 1819, com- menced with a number of ethnographical curios, many of them evidently from Cook’s voyages, and it is sad reading to see how many of these were bought by Professor Lichenstein for Berlin. Swainson purchased a few lots, as did Colonel “Bruen” or “ Brewin.” “Walter Scott, Esq.,” bought Lots 36, 37, 38, and 40, con- sisting of “ Two very curious ancient Reading Desks, and a Lady’s Head-dress of Elizabeth’s time; pair of velvet shoes which be- longed to Addison, the Poet, and his wig-case; two ancient Leather Bottles, and a Lochabar Axe, etc.” Then followed a sale of the British Birds, with a few Foreign Birds (beautifully displayed under Bell-Glass). Some of the most interesting lots sold as follows :— Lot 44. The Black Eagle, “shot in Ireland ” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Ryall (14s).. Birds. 235 Lot 46*. The Lanner, Falco Lannarius. Colonel Bullock (19s.). Lot 52. Rose-coloured Ouzle. Mr. Swainson (22s.). Lot 54. The Crested Titmouse ; rare. Mr. Vigors (11s.). Lot 54*. The White-winged Crossbill (male and female) ; very rare. Lord Stanley (22s.). Lot 64. The Mountain Partridge ; “a pair of them were lately killed in Cheshire by J. Davenport, Esq.,, M.P.” Mr. Bates (£410s.). A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy adds :—“ This specimen from France.” Lot 65. A pair of the curious small variety of the Common Partridge, which rarely occurs in France. Lord Stanley (£4 4s.). Lot 66. Curious variety of the Arctic Gull; killed in the Orkneys “ by Mr. Sands” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Baron Laugier (348.). Lot 68. Larus Glaucus; killed on Loch Lomond ; very rare as a British bird. “Shot by Dr. Stuart of Lugs” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Lord Stanley (19s.). Lot 113. A case containing Twenty Birds, from Sierra Leone ; nearly the whole of which are undescribed ; a most interesting lot to the naturalist. Professor Temminck (£16 10s.). Lot 125. Doubtful Barbet; very rare and fine. Professor Temminck (£2 4s.). Lot 128. Yellow-pinioned Finch, Latham MS., not described. Mr. Molinari (24s.). Lot 128. Two beautiful Pigeons, supposed male and female; shot by Sir Joseph Banks, in his voyage with Capt. Cook ; the only ones known. Mr. Ledbetter (£7 7s.). Dr. Leach did not appear at this stage of the sale, and the prineipal British buyers were Lord Stanley, Mr. Vigors, Mr. Swainson, Mr. Molinari [or Molinaire, as the Museum copy has the name], Colonel Bullock, Mr. Sabine, Mr. Riddell, Captain Laskey, Mr. Ryall, Mr. Ashmead. Many specimens went abroad with Professor Temminck, Baron Laugier making only a few purchases. The Marquis of Buckingham bought, for £47 5s., Lot 111, “The Great Boa Constrictor, thirty-two feet long, in the act of seizing a Deer ; most beautifully set up, and considered as the finest subject in the Museum.” A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy declares that “the Boa was only 20 feet long, but much thicker.” The Twenty-THırD Day’s SALE took place on the Sth of June, 1819, and commenced with “ foreign birds.” 236 Zoology. Lot 1. Black Cuckow of Africa, “brot. by St J. Banks” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Captain Laskey (5s.). Lot 10. Manakin unknown (3s.). Lot 11. Beautiful Manakin, unknown (19s.). Both lots bought by Mr. Swainson. Lot 13. Manakin, unknown. Lord Stanley (12s.). Lot 14. White-erowned Manakin, unknown; very rare. Mr. Riddle (11s.). Lot 15. Olive Manakin ; rare (male and female) (14s.). Lot 16. A beautiful Manakin, undescribed (12s.). Both lots bought by Mr. Swainson. Lot 18. Black-headed Chatterer, Swainson’s MS., Brazil ; very rare. Lord Stanley (21s.). Lot 33. A beautiful White-winged Heron, from India; un- known. Lord Stanley (21s.). Lot 26. Woodpecker, unknown. Prof. Temminck (£2). Lot 30. A fine specimen of the Blue-vented Bee-eater ; very rare. Prof. Lichtenstein (30s.). Lot 33. Great Ivory-billed Woodpecker. Prof. Temminck 1(1.98.): Lot 36. Two Green Manakins, unknown. Mr. Swainson (7s.). Lot 40. Long-tailed Black Grosbeak, from the South Seas ; unknown. Lord Stanley (£2). Lot 42. Great Red Grosbeak of Guiana (male and female). To this and Lot 43 are applied in MS. the name “ Tanager Divaricata” in Professor Newton’s copy. Prof. Temminck bought Lot 42 for 2 guineas, and Lot 43 cost Prof. Lichten- stein 158. \ Lot 45. Little Bullfinch, from Brazil; rare. Mr. Swainson (9s.). Lot 50. Large Black Grosbeak, from Guiana ; unknown (male and female). Mr. Riddell (21s.). Lot 58. Large African Grosbeak, unknown (male and female). Lord Stanley (398.). Lot 65. Parrot-billed Grosbeak. In both copies of the Cata- logue, Professor Lichtenstein is said to have purchased this lot for a guinea. But, as Professor Newton very justly points out, this may have been a mistake for Temminck, as the species is not mentioned by Lichtenstein in his “ Nomenclator.” Tem- minck, on the other hand, says that two specimens from the Bullock collection are in the Leyden Museum. Lot 66. Grosbeak, unknown. Lord Stanley (20s.). Birds. 9347 Lot 67. Grosbeak, from the Cape ; unknown. Prof. Temminck (16s.). Lot 69. Pair of Large Black Grosbeaks, with white throats, from Guiana. Prof. Lichtenstein (29s.). Lot 70. Gold-back Grosbeak, from the Cape. Lord Stanley (8s.). Lot 71. Black Grosbeak [said in MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy to be an “ Oriole”], unknown. Mr. Molinari (5s.). Lot 72. A beautiful small Grosbeak, unknown, from Africa. Mr. Riddell (9s.). Lot 73. Ditto. Mr. Molinari (10s. 6d.). Lot 74. Red-rumped Grosbeak from New Holland. Prof. Lichtenstein (6s.). Lot 75. Pair of small Black-and-white Grosbeaks, from Africa. Prof. Temminck (10s.). Lot 76. Ditto. Mr. Molinari (6s. 6d.). Lot 77. Unknown. Lord Stanley (16s.). Lot 78. Another Black-and-white Grosbeak ; new. Lord Stanley (8s.). Lot 79. Pair of Fine Grosbeaks, from Canada (male and female). Unknown. Lord Stanley (£2 12s. 6d.). Lot 83. Grosbeak, unknown. Molinari (3s.). Lot 84. Two Grosbeaks, unknown. (15s.) Lot 87. Two small Grosbeaks, from Africa. Prof. Temminck (15s.). Lot 88. Grosbeak, from the Brazils; unknown. Prof. Temminck (22s.). The rest of the twenty-third day’s sale consists of Flycatchers and Thrushes, apparently those which it was agreed to sell in separate lots on May 25th. No. 89. Orange-breasted Flycatcher, from New Holland. Lord Stanley (22s.). Lot 90. Scarlet-breasted ditto, from ditto. Prof. Lichten- stein (14s.). Lot 91. Flycatcher, from the Cape (24s.). Lot 92. Ditto. Lord Stanley (8s.). Lot 94. Crested Flycatcher, from America. Prof. Lichten- stein (22s.). Lot 96. White-eyed Flycatcher, from America; rare. Mr. Swainson (12s.). Lot 97. Yellow Flycatcher ; unknown. Prof. Lichtenstein (10s.). 238 Zoology. Lot 98. Blue Flycatcher, from America. Prof. Temminck (10s.). Lot 99. Unknown. Prof. Temminck (9s.). Lot 100. Beautiful White Flycatcher, from the Cape (“ River Plata,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Lord Stanley (£2 108.). Lot 101. Fan-tailed Flycatcher, from New Holland (male and female). Prof. Temminck (15s.). Lot 102. Long-tailed Flycatcher, from Madagascar (male and female). Prof. Lichtenstein (38s.). Lot 103. Ditto. Professor Newton’s copy has a MS. note, ‘the fem. another species.” Mr. Swainson (£2 4s.). Lot 104. A ditto; “the male bird” (MS. note). Prof. Temminck (26s.). Lot 105. Round-crested Flycatcher, from Peru. Lord Stanley (£4). Probably a Muscivora. Lot 106. Red-eyed Flycatcher, from Africa. Mr. Riddell (9s.). Lot 107. Ditto. Mr. Molinari (12s.) Probably a species of Platystira. Lot 108. Curious Short-tailed Fly-catcher, unknown. Lord Stanley (17s.). Lot 109. Yellow-breasted Flycatcher from the Cape (male and female). Prof. Temminck (32s.). Professor Newton’s copy has the word female erased, and a MS. note, “ another species.” Lot 110. Flat-crowned Flycatcher from New Zealand (male and female). Prof. Temminck (28s.) Lot 112. A beautiful specimen of the Pied Flycatcher; a very rare British specimen (sic). Mr. Taylor (21s.). Lot 113. Flycatcher, unknown. Mr. Swainson (6s.). Lot 117. Two Flycatchers. Prof. Temminck (9s.). Lot 118. White-erowned Thrush. Prof. Temminck (17s.). Lot 119. Red-bellied Thrush, Latham MS. (male and female). Prof. Temminck (15s.). Lot 120. Round-tailed Thrush, Latham MS. Mr. Riddell (1922). Lot 121. Rufus-bellied Thrush. Corrected in a MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy to “ Ditto” (i.e. the preceding species). Prof. Temminck (21s.). Lot 122. Red-breasted Thrush ; Cook’s voyages (male and female) ; “from S’ J. Banks” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Swainson (15s.). Birds. 239 Lot 123. The Rust-bellied Glossy Thrush, Latham. Professor Lichtenstein (20s.). Lot 124. Sky-blue Thrush, L’Echönilleur gris of Le Vaillant, Ois. d’Afrique. Professor Temminck (19s.). Lot 125. Glossy Thrush. Lord Stanley (£4 14s. 6d.). Lot 128. Tetuan Thrush, Latham MS. Mr. Molinari (68. 6d.). Lot 129. Blue Thrush (in Professor Newton’s copy altered to “ Blue-tailed Thrush ”). Lord Stanley (32s.). Lot 136. Embroidered Thrush, from the Cape, L’Echönilleur jaune of Le Vaillant. Mr. Fector (20s.). Lot 131. Sooty Thrush. Lord Stanley (10s.). Lot 137. Unknown. Lord Stanley (22s.). “ Lot 138. Red-vented Thrush. Lord Stanley (16s.). Lot 139. Male and female Thrush, unknown. Mr. Molinari (128.). Lots 140 to 145 were all unknown species, and were pur- chased by Lord Stanley, Mr. Molinari, and Mr. Swainson. The latter bought three lots, one being Lot 143, unknown Thrush, from Tristran D’Ancunha, for 18s. He also bought two large cases (£5 8s. 6d.). The TwENTY-FOURTH Dav’s SALE took place on Wednesday, June 9, 1819. The Thrushes were continued, and Mr. Swainson bought several lots. Lot 1. Gutteral Thrush, new (in Professor Newton’s copy the word “Holland” is added in MS. to “new”). Mr. Swainson (4s.). Lot 3. Pensive ditto (male and female). Prof. Lichtenstein (108.). Lot 4. Ferruginous Thrush. Prof. Temminck (8s.). Lot 5. Unknown Thrush. Prof. Temminck (33s.). Lot 6. Olive-backed Thrush. Mr. Swainson (7s.). Lot 7. Black-breasted Thrush. Prof. Temminck (19s.). Lot 8. Black-eyed Thrush, New Holland. Prof. Temminck (8s.). Lot 9. Black-browed Thrush, New Holland (male and female). Mr. Swainson (8s.). Lot 10. White-cheeked Thrush, New Holland. Prof. Temminck (9s.). Lot 11. Chiming Thrush. Mr. Swainson (6s.). Lot 12. Senegal Thrush. Prof. Temminck (9s.). Lot 13. Ditto. Mr. Swainson (6s.) ’ 240 Zoology. Lot 14. A Rufus Thrush, unknown. Mr. Molinari (8s.). Lot 15. Pair of Rufus-headed ditto. Mr. Fector (13s.). Lot 16. Black-cheeked ditto, “Latham MSS.” (note in Prof. Newton’s copy). Mr. Swainson (12s.). Lot 19. Red-vented Thrush, of the Cape. Mr. Swaynson (sic) (11s.). Lot 20. Rufous-bellied Thrush, Latham MS. Mr. Warwick (5s. 6d.). Lot 21. Ditto, a very fine specimen. Mr. Artis (14s. 6d.). Lot 22. Long-tailed Glossy Thrush, a noble specimen. Prof. Lichtenstein (£4 10s.). Lot 23. Shining Thrush, of Senegal. Mr. Feetor (308.). Lot 24. Ditto. Mr. Molinari (22s.). Lot 25. Another species of ditto. Mr. Molinari (18s.). Lot 26. Another, quite distinet. Lord Stanley (15s.). Lot 27. A Cinereous Thrush, of New Holland. Mr. Swain- son. (5s.). Lot 28. A pair of the Spotted-shouldered Thrush, of New Holland. Professor Lichtenstein (17s.). Lot 29. Pair of the Red-breasted Thrush. Professor Temminck (14s.). Lot 30. Mocking Bird or Mimic Thrush, of North America (male and female), with nest and eggs. Mr. Vigors (22s.). Lot 31. Golden-crowned Thrush (male and female). Mr. Swainson (9s.). Lot 34. Golden Thrush [altered in a MS. note to Professor Newton’s copy to “Oriole”]. East Indies.. Mr. Molinari (15s.). Lot 35. White-backed Black Thrush ; rare. Mr. Fector (68.). S Lot 36. Ditto. Professor Temminck (8s.). Lot 37. Pectoral Thrush, Latham MS. Professor Temminck 932). \ x 38. Scarlet-throated Thrush, from the Cape; rare. Professor Temminck (308.). Lot 39. Brown-headed Thrush, unknown; “New Holland ” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Molinari (5s.). Thea followed the sale of the “ Warblers, Motacilla.” Lot 40. Yellow Red-pole Warbler. Professor Lichtenstein (dl8.). Lot 41. Hooded Warbler (“fig. in Amer. Ornith.,” MSS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Professor Lichtenstein (15s.). Birds. Al Lot 42. Black-throated Blue Warbler (male and female). Professor Temminck (13s.). Lot 43. Bar-tailed Warbler. Lord Stanley (10s.). Lot 45. Blue Warbler, or Blue Robin of America (male and female). Professor Temminck (28s.). Lot 46. Yellow-breasted Warbler (male and female) ; “fig. in Amer. Orn.” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Professor Lichtenstein (11s.). Lot 47. Olive Warbler (male and female). Professor Tem- minck (9s.). Lot 48. Worm-eating Warbler. Mr. Swainson (6s.). Lot 49. ZEquatorial Warbler. Mr. Swainson (15s.). Lot 50. Ruby-crowned Warbler (male and female). Mr. Swainson (10s. 6d.). Lot 51. Grey-pole Warbler. Mr. Warwick (7s. 6d.). Lot 52. ZEquinoctial Warbler (male and female). Lord Stanley (19s.). Lots 53 (10s.) and 54 (16s.). Soldier Warbler, of New Holland. Professor Lichtenstein. Lot 55. Black-and-green Warbler (male and female). Mr. Vigors (16s.). Lot 57 [56 omitted]. A ditto, different from the last (“ Black and Blue,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Vigors (16s.). Lot 58. Blue-breasted Warbler. Mr. Molinari (10s.). Lot 59. Crested Olive Warbler (male and female). Professor Temminck (7s.). Lot 60. Rufus-tailed Warbler. Mr. Swainson (5s.). Lot 61. Three different species of Wren from America. Mr. Swainson (10s.). Lot 62. Pair of Bufi-headed Warblers, of New Holland. Professor Temminck (20s.). Lot 63. Thick-bellied (sic) Warblers, and another. Professor Temminck (8s.). Lot 64. Two different Warblers, unknown. Professor Temminck (15s.). Lot 65. Two ditto. Professor Temminck (35s.). Lot 67. Yellow-rumped Warbler (male and female). Mr. Swainson (9s.). Lot 68. Rufus-vented Black Warbler, unknown. Mr. Swainson (7s. 6d.). Lot 69. Pair, unknown. Mr. Swainson (10s.). VOL. II. R 242 Zoology. Lot 70. Buff-rumped Warbler (male and female). Mr. Swainson (10s.). Lot 71. Two Warblers, unknown. Mr. Swainson (7s.). Lot 72. Undescribed. Professor Lichtenstein (14s.). Lot 73. Yellow-breasted Warbler, and another. Professor Temminck (10s.). Lot 74. Three Warblers, unknown. Mr. Molinari (12s.). Lot 75. Two ditto. Mr. Swainson (4s.). Lot 76. Spotted-winged Warbler, and another. Mr. Swainson (16s.). Lot 77. Two [“ Three,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy]. Captain Laskey (7s.). Lot 78. Tyrant Flycatcher (male and female). Mr. Swainson. (18s.). Lot 79. Male ditto. Mr. Vigors (6s. 6d.). Lot 80. Pair of Flycatchers, unknown. Professor Temminck. (13s.). Lot 93. Red-winged Flycatcher ; rare. Lord Stanley (18s.). Lot 95. Pair of African Larks. Mr. Swainson. (5s.). Lot 96. Pair of White-throated Larks, from Africa. Lord Stanley (13s.). Lot 97. Two Larks, unknown. Mr. Molinari (9s.). Lot 98. Two Black Larks (“ var. of the Common Sky Lark,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Riddell (6s.). Lot 99. Grasshopper Lark ; rare. Mr. Molinari (6s.). Lot 100. Titlark and Grey Wagtail. (In Professor Newton’s copy, the word “Grey” is erased, and “fem. of the Yellow ” inserted in MS.). Mr. Swainson (5s.). Lot 101. Black-breasted Lark (male and female). Mr: Vigors (9s.). Lot 102. Three various Larks. Mr. Swainson (8s.). Lot 103. Purple-rumped Creeper ; very rare and fine. Mr. Swainson (£2 4s.). Lot 104. Wall Creeper ; rare and fine. Mr. Hall (28s.). Lot 105. Coloured [“ Collared”; MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy] Creeper ; very fine. Mr. Swainson (30s.). Lot 106. Pair of Common Creepers. Mr. Swainson (6s.). Lot 107. Purple-breasted Creeper ; undescribed, “from Java” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Swainson (14s.). Lot 108. Purple Creeper, unknown. Mr. Swainson (10s.). Lot 110. A Bilue-headed Creeper, unknown. Mr. Hall (173.). Birds. 243 Lot 110*. A large Creeper from Africa, and its curious nest. Mr. Swainson (308.). Lot 112. Three various Creepers. Mr. Swainson (12s.). Lot 114. The Yew Tanager, from New Holland. Mr. Swainson (10s.). Lot 117. Senegal Coly. Mr. Molinari (14s.). Lot 118. Ditto. Mr. Swainson (21s.). Lot 119. White-backed Coly. Lord Stanley (32s.). Several species of Whidah Birds follow :—(Lots 121-124), purchased by Mr. Swainson and Lord Stanley. Lot 124, un- described Whidah Bird, is said in » MS. note to Professor Newton’s “ Catalogue” to have been “a young bird.” Professor Temminck bought it for 12s., as also the next, Lot 125, Curious White-headed Bunting, unknown (12s.). Lot 126. Green Bunting (male and female); a very rare British bird. In Professor Newton’s copy it is said to have been purchased by Mr. Vigors for 18s., a MS. note being added, “ The Ortolan in change of plumage.” In the Museum copy, the purchaser is given as “ Mr. Molinaire.” No. 130. Golden-shouldered Bunting, and another. Lord Stanley (20s.). Lot 131. Ortolan (male and female). Mr. Hall [in the Museum copy, Mr. Swainson] (9s.) In Professor Newton’s copy is a MS. note, “Not the Ortolan from the Alpes.” Lot 133. Red-browed Bunting (male and female), “ New Holland” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Molinari (98.). Lot 134. Orange-crowned Yellow Bunting (male and female). Professor Temminck (31s.). Lot 135. Beautiful small Bunting, undescribed. Professor Temminck (14s.). Lot 136. Two Yellow Buntings, different species; unknown. Professor Temminck (223.). Lot 137. Pair of Grey Buntings, “from America. See Wilson’s Ornith.” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Vigors (5s.). On the 10th of June, 1819, commenced the 'TWENTY-FIFTH Days’ Se, with some more birds, Ducks, Warblers, and other miscellaneous lots of lesser animals. A Mr. Morgan bought a Buffel-headed Duck (Lot 2) for 6s., and Lot 6, two Ducks, from America, unknown (17s.). R 2 244 Zoology. Lot 1. Small Blue-winged Shoveller Duck of South America. Professor Temminck (13s.). Lot 3. Whistling Duck of New Holland. Professor Temminck (£1). Lot 4. Great-billed Shoveller of ditto. Lord Stanley (5s.). Lot 5. White-fronted Duck of Hudson’s Bay. Mr. Ryall (5s.). Lot 6. Two Ducks from America, unknown. Mr. Morgan (17s.). Lot 7. Two ditto. Professor Temminck (£2 8s.). No. 11. Grasshopper Warbler. Mr. Swainson (8s.). Lot 12. Alpine Warbler (male and female). Mr. Swainson (128.). Lot 13. Faitail Warbler, Latham MS.; and the Grey- throated Warbler. Mr. Swainson (11s.). Lot 14. Guira Warbler (male and female). Professor Tem- minck (16s.). Lot 15. Great Brazilian Wren. Professor Temminck (123.). Lot 16. Rufus-throated Warbler, Latham MS., from Jamaica. Mr. Swainson (13s.). Lot 17. Little Flycatcher, and Tawny-breasted Warbler, Latham MS. Mr. Swainson (11s.). Lot 18. Bearded Warbler ; very rare. Professor Temminck 1782): Lot 22. Unknown Warbler of New Holland, and the Virescent Warbler, Latham MS. Professor Temminck (12s.). Lot 23. Tawney-rumped Warbler, Latham MS., and Yellow Warbler. Mr. Molinari (11s.). Dr. Leach was at this day’s sale, as he purchased Lot 25, a very fine Cancer from Tristan d’Acunha, but he bought no birds. The “Birds in glass cases” were chiefly bought by a Mr. Lincoln, and by Mr. Molinari, though Mr. Swainson and Mr. Vigors secured a few. Swainson also bought some insects, and a skin of the Boquetaire, or Mountain Goat ; very rare (308.). Miss Bullock bought Lot 99, a Black-winged Parrot, for 16s. ; it may have been a family pet. Mr. Vigors bought a “ Beautiful specimen of the Blossom-headed Parrot ” for £2. Swainson bought several of the cases ; and one “elegant” case (Lot 118), “the orna- ments taken from rails o£ Notre Dame” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy) was bought by a Mr. Hailes for £7 178. 6d. The TwEnty-sıxtH Day’s SALE, Friday, June 11, was devoted to Napoleonie relics. It included “the Emperor’s carriage, taken Birds. 245 on the eve of Waterloo, and sent, with the oflicer who took it, by Marshal Blücher, to the Prince Regent, from whom it was purchased by its present proprietor for the sum of three thousand guineas.” The carriage was bought by Mr. Hopkinson, coach maker, Holborn, for £168. Mr. Riddell and Mr. Molinari again appear as purchasers for soıne of the Napoleonic relies, and Mr. Vigors bought a linen towel. Lot 103, a silver helmet, taken at Waterloo, and Lot 104, a trophy of French arms and colours, from Waterloo, were purchased by “ Walter Scott, Esq.,” for £5 15s. and £3 13s. 6d. respectively. Colonel Birch’s “small but very fine collection of OÖRGANISED Fossırs, from the Blue Lias formation at Lyme and Charmouth in Dorsetshire, consisting principally of bones, illustrating the osteology of the Ichthio-saurus, or Proteo-saurus, ete.,” was sold by Bullock, “at his Egyptian Hall in Piccadilly” on Monday, the 15th day of May, 1820, so that it would seem that, after the dispersal of his private Museum, he still continued his business as an auctioneer. Dr. Leach bought some of the lots, but Lot 102, a skeleton of the Ichthio-saurus, was, according to a MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy of the Catalogue, “ Bot in; wants £300 for it.” A further MS. note says: ‘since purchased for £100 for the Surgeon’s Museum, London.” We take up once more the authentice record of the bird collections in the year 1816. In this year the Montagu collection was purchased. It con- sisted of the most complete series of British birds of the time, but, as I have stated before, owing to the defective preparation of the specimens, many of them have fallen to pieces. Colonel Montagu was the author of the “ Ornithological Dictionary,” an excellent work in its day, and the specimens purchased by the Museum were doubtless the ones which had served for the descriptions in his work. The Montagu collection, as it existed in 1816, when Dr. Leach was the Keeper of the Zoological Department, may be determined by his ““ Systematie Catalogue of the specimens of the Indigenous Mammalia and Birds that are preserved in the British Museum, with their localities and authorities” (8vo, pp.1-42. This little pamphlet was printed (no doubt for the Trustees) by Richard 246 Zoology. and Arthur Taylor, Shoe Lane, who in 1818 printed the “Synopsis of the Contents of the British Museum” (antea, p. ). A reprint of Leach’s “ Systematic Catalogue” was published in 1882 by the Willughby Society, and was edited by the late Osbert Salvin. The editor points out that, as the catalogue was printed on one side of the paper only, it was probably intended as a label-catalogue for the specimens, and of this, I think, there can be no doubt. It is very useful as a catalogue of the Montagu collection of birds, which was obtained from “ G. Montagu, Esq., Jun.” The “ Solitary Stare,” represented by a specimen from Yorkshire given by the Rev. James Dalton, was found to be merely the young of the Common Stare. (Of. Leach, t.c., Errata.) Of Leach’s “ Catalogue,” Mr. Salvin says :—“ It is also a question if it was ever actually published in the ordinary sense, for though the printer’s name is given at the foot of the title page, no publisher is mentioned. (The same may be said of the Guide-book to the Museum, printed by Messrs. R. and A. Taylor, who were then evidently employed by the Trustees, whose name did not appear.) It is impossible to overlook Leach’s Catalogue, as his names have been constantly referred to by subsequent authors, and, for good or bad, must take their place in nomenclature.” Sir E. Maunde Thompson has very kindly supplied me with the following memoranda from the archives of the British Museum. On the 14th June, 1816, Leach recommended the purchase of the Montagu collection for £1,200. The purchase was approved by the Trustees, Sir Joseph Banks recommending it, and on the Ist of October, 1816, Leach reported the safe arrival of the collection. 1837. This was the first year in which a serious attempt was made to keep an official register of the acquisitions. 668 specimens presented ; 591 purchased. Total 1259. John Gould presented 172 specimens of birds to the Museum, and 111 more were purchased from him. They were from various localities, but included a few Australian species, showing that, even at this early date, he was receiving specimens from someone in that continent. 310 birds were purchased in Paris from the collection of the late Baron Laugier de Chartrouse, who had collaborated with Temminck in the production of the “ Planches Coloriees.” 187 birds presented by Sir W. Burnett and Captain Fitzroy. Birds. 247 The latter officer had been the commander of the Beagle, and this collection was probably made during that expedition. 126 birds from British Guiana, collected by Sir R. Schom- burgk, and presented by the Royal Geographical Society. 1838. 454 specimens presented ; 245 purchased. Total number of additions, 679. Of special interest are the following :— 158 birds from Tasmania ; presented by Ronald Gunn, Esq. For a long time the only collection of Tasmanian birds in the Museum, and of great value at the time of its presentation, but from being mounted for many years in the Gallery, the specimens were ruined by light and dust, and but few now remain. 82 specimens of birds from India and China ; presented by John Russell Reeves, Esq. (antea, p. )F 111 specimens purchased at the sale of the South African Museum. Dr. J. E. Gray records the fact that they were all “stuffed by Messrs. Verreaux” and were collected during Sir A. Smith’s expeditions into the interior of South Africa. Many types were included in the series (postea, ). 1839. 225 specimens presented ; 238 purchased. Total number of acquisitions, 463. No addition of any importance took place this year, but an effort was evidently being made to replenish the collection of British Birds, since 114 young birds of various species were presented by Mr. J. Baker. 1840. 136 specimens presented ; 141 purchased. Total number of additions, 277. Nothing added of any great importance. 47 British birds, presented by Mr. J. Baker. 52 birds from West Australia. Presented by Capt. [after- wards Sir George] Grey. These specimens were obtained by John Gould, and doubtless given to Governor George Grey, with whom Gould was on terms of great friendship. 1841. 385 specimens presented ; 583 purchased. Total number of additions, 968. 248 Zoology. Only two acquisitions of any note, viz. — 332 birds from South Australia. Purchased from Mr. Gould. 78 birds from Kerguelen Land, collected by the naturalists of the Antarctic Expedition. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 1842. 492 specimens presented; 870 purchased ; 92 received in exchange. Total, 1454. Of special importance were :— 120 birds from Port Essington, North Australia. Presented by Captain Chambers, R.N. 160 birds from the Philippine Islands, including several types of new species. Purchased of Mr. Hugh Cuming. 49 birds from Abyssinia and Shoa, including several co-types of his new species, collected by Dr. E. Rüppell. 119 birds from New Zealand and adjacent islands, collected by the naturalists of the Antarctic Expedition. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 1843. 2027 specimens, presented ; 799 purchased. Total, 2826. The most important additions were :— 1302 birds from Nepal, including numbers of types. Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. This is the first instalment of the great Hodgson donation. 302 birds from South Australia. Presented by Captain [afterwards Sir George] Grey. 43 nests of Australian birds. Presented by John Gould, Esq. 50 birds collected in Chili by Mr. T. Bridges. 83 birds from various localities. Presented by Sir E. Belcher. 1844. 969 speeimens presented ; 368 purchased. Total, 1337. Important additions were :— 222 birds from the Antarctic Ocean, the Falkland Islands, Cape of Good Hope, etc., obtained by the naturalists of the Antarctic Expedition. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 139 birds from Tenasserim. Presented by J. D. ©. Packman, Esq. This collection was never worked out by George Robert Gray, the specimens having been somewhat roughly preserved. Birds. 249 With the donation of Mr. Allan Hume’s splendid series of Tenasserim birds, many specimens from the old Packman collection have been disposed of as duplicates. 107 birds, mostly from North Australia, collected by Dr. J. Beete Jukes, during the voyage of H.M.S. Fly. 222 specimens from Brazil. Presented by M. Claussen. 8 specimens purchased of Leadbeater, duplicates from the Leyden Museum. 1845. 2203 specimens presented ; 371 purchased ; 10 received in exchange. Total, 2584. Among the notable accessions were :— 1391 birds from Nepal, and 301 from Behar, being the second and third instalments of the collections presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esg. 57 birds from the Madras Presidency, including several types of new species figured in the “ Illustrations of Indian Ornith- ology.” Presented by T. ©. Jerdon, Esq. 30 specimens from New Zealand, including the type of Ocydromus earli and other rare species. Presented by Percy Earl, Esg. 52 specimens from Cayenne. Presented by H.C. Rothery, Esq. 35 birds from Port Essington. Presented by Dr. Sibbald. 54 birds from Shoa, duplicates from the collection made by Sir W. Cornwallis Harris. Presented by the Hon. East India Company. 296 specimens from South Africa and Madagascar. Presented by Sir Andrew Smith. 91 specimens from Para. Presented by R. Graham, Esg. 1846. 849 specimens presented ; 1072 purchased. Total, 1921. Among the principal acquisitions were :— 124 birds from Central Australia. Presented by Capt. Sturt. 270 birds from various localities. Presented by Edward Wilson, Esg. 271 birds from Bolivia. Collected by Mr. T. Bridges. 147 birds and eggs from Tunis. Colleeted by Mr. Louis Fraser. 59 birds from New Zealand, Tasmania, and the Pacific Islands. Presented by Sir Everard Home, Bart. 250 Zoology. 1847. 563 specimens presented ; 604 purchased. Total, 1167. The principal additions were :— 44 birds from New Zealand. Presented by Sir George Grey. 134 birds from Jamaica. Collected by P. H. Gosse, Esg. This collection contains the types of the species described in his “ Birds of Jamaica.” 171 birds from Australia. Presented by Sir T. Mitchell. 1848. 340 specimens presented ; 185 purchased. Total, 525. 135 birds and eggs from Repulse Bay. Presented by Dr. J. Rae. 307 birds from Sikhim. Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. [Vide antea, p. .| The fourtk instalment of the great Hodgson donation. 1849, 93 specimens presented ; 399 purchased. Total, 492. 147 birds from New Zealand. Presented by Capt. Stokes, R.N., of H.M.S. Acheron. Collected by Dr. Lyall. 173 specimens from various parts of the British Islands. Purchased of Mr. J. Baker. 1850. 671 specimens presented ; 532 purchased. Total, 1203. 230 birds from the Pacific coast of America, Galapagos Islands, ete. Presented by Capt. Kellett, H.M.S. Herald, and Lieut. Wood, H.M.S. Pandora. 204 birds from the Islands of Torres Straits and adjacent parts of Australia. Presented by Capt. Owen Stanley (Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake). 36 eggs from Greenland. Collected by Governor Holboell. 37 birds from San Domingo. Collected by Mr. Auguste Salle.e. Purchased from Mr. Hugh Cuming. 1851. 284 specimens presented ; 637 purchased. Total, 921. 44 birds from the Falkland Islands and from islands off the Australian coast, the Louisiades, ete. Presented by John Macgillivray, Esq. (Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake). Birds. 2: [sD} | pi 1852. 307 specimens presented ; 419 purchased. Total, 726. 115 eggs, presented by H. F. Walter, Esq. 106 birds from New Zealand. Presented by Captain Stokes, I%.N. 29 birds from Damara Land, collected by C. J. Andersson. 1853. 158 specimens presented ; 483 purchased. Total, 646. 104 birds from Bagdad. Presented by Kenneth Loftus, Esq. 55 Humming Birds, and 86 Toucans. Purchased of Mr. Gould. 1854. 84 specimens presented ; 540 purchased. Total, 624. 127 specimens from Bogotä. Purchased of Mr. Samuel Stevens. 1855. 150 specimens presented ; 742 purchased. Total, 892. 403 birds from various localities. Purchased from the Zoological Society. On the determination of the Zoological Society to give up its Museum, the first choice of acquiring the specimens was offered tothe British Museum, which thus regained the typical examples described from the voyage of the Beagle and other exploring vessels, the collections of which should by rights have gone into the national museum. A few seem to have been overlooked by Mr. G. R. Gray and passed into the hands of private collectors, but within the past few years some of these have likewise been regained by the Museum, on the death of the owners, whose collections have been dispersed. 1855. 101 birds from South America. Purchased of Mr. J. Gould. 88 birds from N.W. America. Presented by Captain Collin- son, R.N. (H.M.SS. Enterprise and Endeavour,). 1856. 319 birds presented ; 160 purchased. Total, 429. 36 birds from Teheran, Persia, collected by the Hon. C. Murray. Presented by Charles Darwin, Esq. 252 Zoology. 5 birds from New Zealand. Purchased of Mr. W. Mantell (through Mr. Gould). Among these were the type-specimens of Nestor notabilis and Spatula variegata, as well as the first perfect specimen of Notornis mantelli. 46 birds from the Fiji Islands, Norfolk Island, ete. Collected by Dr. F.M. Rayner (H.M.S. Herald). Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 23 birds and eggs from Candahar. Presented by Capt. Hutton. Ineludes the types of several species described by the donor. 1857. 268 specimens presented ; 660 purchased. Total, 928. 66 birds from Lombok, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. This was the commencement of the long series of collections made by Dr. A. R. Wallace during his celebrated expedition to the Malay Archipelago. Dr. Wallace kept the first set for himself, and only duplicates were sold ; but the collections were submitted in their entirety to Mr. George Robert Gray for description, the actual types of new species being returned, with the first set, to Dr. Wallace’s agent, Mr. Samuel Stevens. 25 birds, with 12 types of new species, collected in Cordova, S. Mexico, by M. Auguste Salle. 249 birds from N.W. Australia, collected by Dr. J. R. Elsey. 347 birds from various localities. Purchased of Mr. John Gould. 1858. 114 specimens presented ; 1112 purchased. Total, 1226. Specially interesting are the following items :— 38 birds from the Amazons (Rio Javari, ete.), collected by H. W. Bates. 150 birds, obtained by Dr. A. R. Wallace in the Key and Aru Islands. 58 birds from Celebes, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. 49 eggs of British birds. Presented by Frederic Bond, Esaq. 32 birds purchased at the sale of Dr. Van Lidth de Jeude’s Museum. This was one of the most celebrated private collections in Europe at the time. In addition to many specimens of interest to the Museum, a second specimen of the Great Auk (Plautus impennis) was acquired for the National Collection. Birds. 253 A specimen of the Whale-headed Stork (Balseniceps rex) was acquired by purchase. 1859. 785 specimens presented ; 638 purchased. Total, 1423. 41 birds from the Fiji Islands and other localities in the Pacific Ocean, collectted Dr. F. M. Rayner (Voyage of H.M.». Herald). Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 9] birds from Vancouver Island. Presented by Dr. Lyall (Voyage of H.M.S. Plumper). 598 birds from Nepal. Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq. Fifth instalment of the great Hodgson Collection. 132 birds and eggs, including Capt. Abbott’s series of eggs from the Falkland Islands. Purchased of Mr. Gould. 6 birds and 15 nests from St. Croix and St. Thomas, W.1I. Presented by Professor Newton. 83 birds from Batchian, Amboina, and N.W. New Guinea (Dorey), from Dr. A. R. Wallace’s collection. 41 birds from New Oaledonia and the New Hebrides, collected by John Macgillivray, including types of several new species. 33 nests with eggs of birds from Natal, collected by Mr. Thomas Ayres. 88 birds from various localities, including types of several species. Purchased of M. Parzudaki. 94 birds from various localities. Purchased of Mr. John Gould. 1860. 1029 specimens presented ; 956 purchased. Total, 1985. 54 birds and 36 eggs from Natal, collected by Dr. Gueinzius. 255 specimens from Dr. Wallace’s collections, from Batchian, Halmahöra, Ternate, Celebes, Timor, Ceram, containing many new species. 106 birds from Vancouver Island and 131 birds from British Columbia, collected by Mr. J. K. Lord, the naturalist to the British North American Boundary Commission, and presented by the Foreign Oflice. 48 birds from Guatemala. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq. These specimens were duplicates from Mr. Salvin’s expedition to Guatemala (vide infra, p. ): 195 birds from Zambesia, obtained during the Livingstone 254 Zoology. expedition, and preserved by Sir (then Dr.) John Kirk. Presented by the Foreign Oflice. 92 birds from Ecuador. Purchased of Mr. John Gould. 584 birds from various parts of the Indian Empire, and 34 birds from Shoa. Presented by the Secretary of State for India. 1861. 336 specimens presented ; 407 purchased. Total 743. 172 birds from Shoa. Collected by Sir W. Cornwallis Harris. Presented by the Secretary of State for India. 40 birds from Fort Simpson in N.W. British America. Presented by B. R. Ross, Esg. 116 birds from Dr. A. R. Wallace’s Malayan expedition, from Mysol, Ceram, and Waigiu. 26 birds from Gaboon. Purchased of Mr. P. B. Du Chaillu. 17 birds from Upper Burma and Sikhim, with types of 6 new species. Presented by Dr. T. C. Jerdon. 1862. 133 specimens presented ; 328 purchased. Total 461. 221 birds from Dr. A. R. Wallace’s Malayan expedition, from New Guinea, Mysol, Morotai, Timor, Sula Islands, and Bouru. 16 specimens from Camaroons, W. Africa, with the types of 4 new species, obtained by Sir Richard Burton ; presented by Lady Burton. 1863. 8574 specimens presented ; 141 purchased. Total 1015. 398 birds from British Columbia. Presented by J. K. Lord, Esq. After Mr. Lord had finished his work as naturalist to the British North American Boundary Commission, he remained for some time in British Columbia, and made a considerable collection of birds. 40 birds from Dr. A. R. Wallace’s Malayan expedition, from Flores and Buru. 139 birds, 16 nests, and 38 eggs, from the Mackenzie River district. Presented by B. R. Ross, Esgq. 84 birds from Pegu. Presented by Dr. W. T. Blanford, F.R.S. 87 birds, presented by the Linnean Seeiety. The Linnean Birds. 255 Society determined in this year to hand over its collection of birds to the British Museum. It was a very important donation, containing the types of the Australian birds described by Vigors and Horsfield (Tr. Linn. Soc., xv., pp. 180-330), and the Parrots described by Temminck (Tr. Linn. Soc., xüi., pp. 111- 129). 39 birds collected by Sir John Kirk during the Livingstone expedition. Presented by the Foreign Office. 44 birds from the Zambesi and Shir@ Rivers. Collected and presented by the Rev. Charles Livingstone, including the type of the Livingstone Touraco (Turacus livingstonei). An adult specimen of the Whale-headed Stork (Balzeniceps rex), obtained by Consul FPetherick. 1864. 79 specimens presented ; 394 purchased. Total 473. 265 birds from Palestine. Collected by the Rev. Canon Tristram. 1865. 216 specimens presented ; 323 purchased. Total 539. 88 birds from Guatemala, duplicates from Mr. Ösbert Salvin’s collection. 115 sets of eggs. Purchased of Mr. John Gould. 160 birds from Malacca. Presented by W. Harvey, Esg. At this time the Museum had very few specimens from the Malay Archipelago, and the collection was of great use. By the presentation of the Hume and Tweeddale collections, Mr. Harvey’s series, which had no exact localities or dates, was superseded, and most of the specimens have been given away to other Museums. 29 birds from Halmah6era, and other islands in the Malay Archipelago, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. 1866. 122 speeimens presented ; 336 purchased. Total, 458. In this year were acquired :— 66 birds from Upper Amazonia, from Mr. Edward Bartlett's expedition to the River Amazon, being the first set of his collection [cf. Sel. and Salv., P.Z.S., 1867, pp. 748-759]. 68 nests from North America. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq. 256 Zoology. 1867. Specimens presented, 95 ; purchased 266. Total, 361. 66 Domestie Pigeons and Ducks. Presented by Charles Darwin, Esq. These specimens were valuable, as having served the cele- brated author as evidence for his work on the “ Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication.” 1868. Specimens presented, 18; purchased, 274. Total, 292. The only noteworthy acquisition in this year was that of 126 birds, duplicates from Mr. Ösbert Salvin’s expedition to Central America. 1869. 628 specimens presented ; 217 purchased. Total 845. 476 birds from Abyssinia, collected by Dr. W. T. Blanford. Presented by the Government of India. This was the second set of specimens from the collection made by Dr. Blanford, the naturalist appointed to the Abyssinian expedition. After the storming of Magdala he visited the Anseba Valley in Bogos Land accompanied by Mr. W. Jesse. The first series resulting from this expedition was retained by the Indian Museum in Calcutta, but a very generous selection was presented by the latter institution to the National Collection. 106 eggs of South African birds. Presented by E. L. Layard, Esq., at that time the Director of the South African Museum at Cape Town. 1870. 261 specimens presented ; 184 purchased. Total, 445. 135 birds from the Pacific Islands. Presented by Julius Brenchley, Esq. Mr. Brenchley accompanied Sir William Wiseman on the cruise of the Curacao in the Pacific. The vessel visited several islands hitherto unexplored, and many new species were procured. 66 birds from the West Indian Islands. Presented by Mrs. Bryant. RK Dr. Bryant was a celebrated American naturalist, who travelled throughout the West Indies, and, on his death, be- Birds. IT queathed his collection to be divided between certain museums and well-known ornithologists, in order that these should benefit by his labours. In England, the British Museum, Dr. Sclater, Mr. Salvin and Dr. F. D. Godman were selected, and thus a full series from Dr. Bryant’s collection is now in the Natural History Museum. 1871. 14 specimens presented ; 94 purchased. Total, 108. 23 birds from Hainan, collected by Consul Robert Swinhoe. These were duplicate specimens from Consul Swinhoe’s Hainan collection, recorded by him in the “Ibis” for 1870 (pp- 77-97, 230-256, 342-367). Thefull collection was bequeathed by Mr. Henry Seebohm in 1897. 40 birds from Central Chili, collected by Mr. E. C. Reed. 1872. 368 presented ; 596 purchased. Total, 964. In September of this year I was appointed Assistant in the Zoological Department of the British Museum, in charge of the ornithological collection, in succession to Mr. George Robert Gray, who died in May, 1872. My first care was to enlist the aid of all my personal friends for the increase of the national collection, with the results recorded in the succeeding years. 44 birds from Southern Spain. Presented by Colonel L. H. Irby. 68 birds from South Africa. Bequeathed by the late Sir ‘ Andrew Smith. 178 birds from Archangel, and other localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 22 Gyr-falcons and Peregrine Falcons. Purchased of Mr. John Gould. 23 birds from Accra, W. Africa, and 17 birds from Avington, Hampshire. Presented by Capt. G. E. Shelley. 1873. 1571 specimens presented ; 4707 purchased. Total 6278. This year was celebrated for the acquisition of the Wallace and Monteiro collections, and for several other donations from my personal friends, Captain Shelley, Mr. A. Swanzy, Colonel J. Hayes Lloyd, Commander Sperling, and Dr. Blanford, all of voL. I. s 258 Zoology. them contributing towards the accomplishment of the “ Catalogue of Birds,” which Dr. Günther had then inaugurated. 2474 specimens from the Malay Archipelago, colleeted by Dr. A. R. Wallace, and containing the types of all the new species described by Mr. G. R. Gray and Dr. A. R. Wallace himself. 27 Hawks and Owls from the River Amazon, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace (cf. Sclater and Salvin, P.Z.S., 1867, pp. 589, 590). Dr. Wallace allowed the Museum to acquire his Amazonian eollection of Accipitres for the purposes of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” The remainder of his South American collection passed into the possession of Dr. F. D. Godman, and was afterwards presented by him with the rest of his great collection. 671 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 33 birds from Avington, Hants, and 117 from Egypt, etc. Presented by Captain G. E. Shelley. - 18 specimens from the Fanti country in Western Africa. Presented by Andrew Swanzy, Esq. 4] specimens from Bogos Land, collected by Mr. Eisler. Purchased. 97 specimens from various localities. Presented by John Gould, Esq. 107 birds from Kattiawar. Presented by Colonel J. Hayes Lloyd. This collection was described by the donor in the “Ibis ” for 1873 (pp. 397-421), and his memoir is still the only detailed account of the ornithology of this part of India. 62 birds from Belgium. Presented by the Brussels Museum. 42 birds from Bahia (Wucherer), S. Ural (Strader), and other localities. Purchased of Mr. Gerrard. 39 birds from the Lower Congo. Presented by Commander R. M. Sperling. This collection was described by me in the ““ Proceedings of the Zoological Society ” for 1873 (pp. 716-717). A new Goatsucker was named Macrodipteryc sperlingi, but it afterwards proved to be only the female of Cosmetornis vexillarius. 179 birds from Angola and Benguela, colleeted by Mr. J. J. Monteiro. This collection contained types of the new species, described by the late Dr. G. Hartlaub and myself. 18 specimens from various localities, including the type of a new species of Owlet, Glaueidium tephronotum. Presented by W. Wilson Saunders, Esq. Birds. 259 1874. 1227 specimens presented ; 1084 purchased ; 325 received in exchange. Total, 2636. The most important accessions were :— 683 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 321 specimens from Baluchistan and Persia, collected by Dr. W.T. Blanford. Presented by the Indian Museum, Calcutta. 603 specimens of African birds. Purchased. These were the first and second instalments of my collection of African birds, which I had to dispose of on entering the Govern- ment service, no oflicer of the British Museum being allowed to keep a private collection of the group of animals of which he is in charge in the Museum (ef. infra, p. ): 99 birds from Sweden, collected by Mr. Meves.‘ Purchased. 35 specimens of Aceipitres from the collection of Consul Robert Swinhoe. Purchased. 11 birds from Zambesia. Presented by Sir John Kirk. 59 birds from Peru and Siberia. Received in exchange from the Warsaw Museum. 25 birds from Egypt and the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by Sir Samuel Baker. The types of a new species of Raven from Morocco (Corvus tingitanus, Irby). Presented by Colonel L. H. Irby. 45 birds from the Cape Verde Islands, Gahoon, and Sene- gambia. Purchased of Mr. A. Bouvier. 62 specimens in spirits from Gaboon. Presented by H. T. Ansell, Esaq. 1875. Specimens presented, 908; purchased, 1194. Total, 2102. 440 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 156 birds from Kamptee, Central India. Presented by Dr. R. B. Hinde. 81 birds from New Zealand. Received in exchange from the Colonial Museum, Wellington. 180 birds from the Transvaal and Orange River Colony. Collected by F. A. Barratt, Esa. 591 African birds from Dr. Bowdler Sharpe’s collection. Purchased. 2 260 Zoology. 1876. Specimens presented, 2372; purchased, 1656. Total, 4028. 100 specimens from Europe and Asia. Purchased of Mr. John Gould. 1246 birds from the North-Western Himalayas and Malacca. Presented by Capt. Stackhouse Pinwill. 110 specimens of birds, nests, and eggs, collected in the Island of Rodriguez during the Transit of Venus expedition by the Rev. H. H. Slater and Mr. G. Gulliver. Presented by the Royal Society. 200 birds from Upper Burma, collected by Dr. John Anderson during the Yun-nan expedition. Presented by the Indian Museum, Calecutta. 300 birds from Western North America, collected during the North American Boundary Commission (49th parallel), by Professor G. Dawson. Presented by the Foreign Oflce. 151 birds from British North Borneo, and the Island ‘of Labuan, collected by Sir Hugh Low. 750 African birds, being the fourth instalment of Dr. Bowdler Sharpe’s collection. Purchased. 22 birds and 114 eggs collected in Kerguelen Island by the Rev. A. E. Eaton during the Transit of Venus expedition. Presented by the Royal Society. 77 birds from the Philippine Islands. Collected by Professor J. B. Steere. 1877. Specimens presented, 845 ; purchased, 1006. Total, 1851. Of special interest were :— 138 birds from Kingwilliamstown, East Cape Colony. Pre- sented by Major H. Trevelyan. 53 birds from China. Presented by the Shanghai Museum. 25 birds from British New Guinea, collected by O. C. Stone, Esaq. 12 birds from British New Guinea, collected by Dr. James. 3 birds, all new to the collection. Received in exchange from the Darmstadt Museum. 600 African birds, being the fourth instalment of Dr. Bowdler Sharpe’s collection. Purchased. 144 birds from Labuan and North West Borneo, collected by Governor Ussher. Birds. 261 265 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 87 birds from the Pacific Islands. Purchased from the Godeffroy Museum. 87 birds from Queensland and Abeokuta, West Africa. Presented by Francis Nicholson, Esq. 54 birds collected by Colonel H. W. Feilden, C.B., during the voyage of the Alert and Discovery to the Arctic Regions. Presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury. 1878. Specimens presented, 989 ; purchased, 1936. Total, 2925. The acquisitions of special interest were :— 163 birds from the Ellice Islands, Fiji Islands, and Samoa. Purchased of the Rev. S. J. Whitmee. 115 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 108 birds from Uruguay and Argentina, collected by Mr. Alan Peel. 82 birds from the Congo River, West Africa, and from Kessang, Malay Peninsula. Purchased of M. A. Bouvier. 308 birds from Cochin China. Presented by M. E. Pierre. 46 birds from the Arctic Regions, collected by Colonel H. W. Feilden, ©.B. (H.M.S. Alert). Presented by the Lords Com- missioners of the Treasury. 82 birds and eggs from Discovery Bay, collected by Mr. H. Chichester Hart (H.M.S. Discovery). Presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury. 88 birds from Ceylon. Presented by Colonel Vincent Legge. 121 birds from West Java. Presented by Francis Nicholson, Esg. 12 birds from the interior of Viti Levu, collected by Dr. Kleinschmidt. Purchased from the Godeffroy Museum. 1038 African birds, being the fifth instalment of Dr. Bowdler Sharpe’s collection. Purchased. 200 birds from Western Siberia and Turkestan, being the first set of the specimens obtained by Dr. Finsch on his expedition into Siberia. 1879. Specimens presented, 3128; purchased, 332. Total, 3460. Of special interest were the following items :— 52 birds from East Africa, collected by Dr. Hildebrandt. 262 Zoology. 68 birds from South Eastern New Guinea, collected by Mr. Kendal Broadbent. Purchased of Mr. Gerrard. 1858 birds from various localities in the Old World. Presented by Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S., and Mr. Osbert Salvin, F.R.S. 360 birds from Matabeleland and the Zambesi, collected by the late Mr. Frank Oates. Presented by his brothers, W. E. and C. G. Oates, Esqrs. 700 birds from the British Indian Empire, ineluding several types from the Indian Museum. Presented by the Secretary of State for India. 65 birds from the Straits of Magellan, colleeted by Dr. Coppinger (Voy. H.M.S. Alert). Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 1880. Specimens presented, 6002; purchased, 1080. Total, 7082. 4731 birds from the British Indian Empire, including 112 types of species from the Indian Museum. Presented by the Secretary of State for India. 201 birds from Travancore, colleeted by Mr. Frank Bourdillon. 91 skins and skeletons of birds from the Straits of Magellan, collected by Dr. Coppinger (Voy. H.M.S. Alert). Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 43 birds collected by Carl Hunstein in South East New Guinea. Purchased of Mr. Gerrard. 1021 birds and eggs, collected during the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger. Presented by the Lords of the Treasury. 318 nests and eggs of birds from North West Borneo. Presented by Sir Hugh Low. 12 birds from Duke of York Island, New Britain, New Caledonia and Loyalty Islands, including 9 species new to the Museum, collected by E. L. and L. C. Layard, Esqrs. 1881. Specimens presented, 3032 ; purchased, 7102. Total, 10,134. 108 skeletons and 205 skins of birds from the collection of the late T. C. Eyton, Esg. 56 specimens of Thrushes. Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq. 123 birds from Nepal and Gilgit. Presented by Dr. J. Sceully. Birds. 263 83 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 66 birds from the Island of Socotra, collected by Professor I. Bayley Balfour. Presented by the British Association. 97 birds from Duke of York Island, collected by the Rev. G. Brown. 6315 skins of birds, being the private collection of the late John Gould. The mounted series of Humming Birds from the collection of the late John Gould. The collection of skins of Humming Birds from the collection of the late John Gould. 9 specimens from the Eastern Narra, Sind. Presented by Serope Doig, Esq. 68 birds from various parts of Great Britain. Presented by Theodore Walker, Esq. 17 specimens of Timelüdse from Burma, collected by Colonel R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay. 260 additional specimens from the North West Himalayas and Malacca. Presented by Capt. Stackhouse Pinwill. 85 birds from the North West Provinces, India. Presented by Colonel Way. 19 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Coppinger. 48 birds from Egypt and Algeria. Presented by J. H. Gurney, Esg., jun. 1394 birds from Queensland, collected by Mr. T. J. Cockerell. Presented by Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, Esq., F.R.S. 21 birds from the Solomon Islands and Seychelles, colleeted by Lieut. G. H. Richards, R.N. ll birds from the New Hebrides. Purchased from the Godeffroy Museum. 341 birds from Kandahar. Presented by Colonel Charles Swinhoe. 106 birds from California. Presented by Lord Walsingham. 200 birds from Gilgit. Presented by Colonel John Biddulph. 1882. Specimens presented, 1293; purchased, 2593. Total, 3886. Of special interest were the following accessions :— 31 nests, 392 eggs, and 31 sterna of birds from Pegu. Presented by Eugene W. Oates, Esaq. 1544 birds from Pegu, including 32 new species to the Museum, eollected by Eugene W. Oates, Esq. 264 Zoology. 127 birds from the Islands of Torres Straits and Queensland, collected by Dr. Coppinger (Voy. H.M.S. Alert). Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 546 birds, eggs, and skeletons from Madagascar, collected by the Rev. Deans Cowan. 190 birds from various localities. Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esgq. 1883, Specimens presented, 622; purchased, 327; exchanged 107° Total, 1056. Specially important were :— 13 specimens of Timelüd: from the Philippine Islands and Burma. Presented by Colonel R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay. 28 birds from South East New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. Goldie. 95 birds from Tenasserim, eollected by Colonel C. T. Bingham. 103 birds from the Tenimber Islands, with types of 21 new species, colleted by Dr. H. O. Forbes. Presented by the British Association. ‘40 birds from the Nilghiri Hills. Presented by W. Davison, Esg. 77 birds from the Lawas River in North West Borneo, collected by Mr. F. Burbidge. Presented by Harry Veitch, Esq. 13 specimens of Malayan birds, including 8 species new to the collection. Presented by the Leyden Museum. 64 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe. 44 birds from Brighton. Purchased of Mr. Henry Swaysland. 23 birds from theGold Coast. Presented by Sir Alfred Moloney. 74 specimens of British birds, chiefly Limicolse, from the collection of Mr. J. Edmund Harting. 107 specimens from New South Wales. Received in exchange from the Australian Museum, Sydney. 32 birds from Japan. Presented by Captain Blakiston. 1884. Specimens presented, 3954; purchased, 1320. Total, 5274. 426 birds from Nigeria, and a collection of Weaver-Birds (Ploceide) and Finches (Fringillide). Bequeathed by the late W. A. Forbes, Esag. 19 birds from Ashanti, West Africa. Presented by Sir Godfrey Lagden. 254 birdsfrom Nagasaki, Japan. Presented by F. Ringer, Esq. Birds. 265 13 birds from the Solomon Islands, including 7 species new to the collection. Purchased from Mr. Cockerell. 27 birds from Japan. Presented by Captain Blakiston. 795 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 64 birds from Zambesia. Presented by Sir John Kirk. 3l skeletons of Petrels, collected by the naturalists of H.M.S. Challenger. Presented by the Lords of the Treasury. 123 birds from the Niam-niam country in Equatorial Africa, collected by Mr. F. Bohndorff. 27 birds from Bouru and other islands in the Moluccas, collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes. 731 speeimens of American Passeres from the collection of Dr.P. L. Sclater (Hirundinidze, Mniotiltide, Ozerebidze), including 34 types and 56 species new to the Museum. The first and second instalments of the Sclater collection. 38 eggs from Tenasserim. Presented by Colonel ©. T. Bingham. 25 birds from Italy. Presented by Professor H. H. Giglioli. 69 birds and eggs from Oorsica, including the type of a new species of Nuthatch (Sitta whiteheadi). Presented by John Whitehead, Esq. 90 birds from the Nilghiri Hills. Presented by W. R. Davison, Esg. 826 eggs from various localities. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S. 8 birds from Aden. Presented by Colonel Yerbury. 198 eggs from Pegu. Presented by Eugene W. Oates, Esq. 332 birds from Mhow, C. India. Presented by Colonel Charles Swinhoe. 138 specimens of Swallows (Hirundinide) and American Warblers (Mniotiltide) from various parts of North America. Presented by the U. S. National Museum. 579 eggs from various localities.. From the collection of the late John Gould, Esg. 1885. Specimens presented 87,827 ; purchased 3024. Total 90,551. _ The chief event of this year was the presentation by Mr. Allan ©. Hume, C©.B., of his famous collection (59,612) of Indian birds, and their eggs (15,965). This was the largest private collection at that time in the world. Other accessions of great interest were :— 2365 eggs from various localities. Presented by Ösbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S. 266 Zoology. 910 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. R. Bowadler Sharpe. 36 birds from France. Presented by Edward Hargitt, Esq., R.I. 183 eggs from Betsileo in Madagascar. Presented by the Rev. Deans Cowan. 227 specimens of Finches (Fringillide) and Hang-nests (Icte- ridse). Presented by the U. S. National Museum. 24 birds from Aden and Lahej. Presented by Colonel Yerbury. 2281 specimens of American Passeres—(Icteride, Tanagrid, Fringillid), the third, fourth and fifth instalments of the Sclater collection. 189 birds from Fao in the Persian Gulf. Presented by W. D. Cumming, Esq. 3l birds from the island of Palawan in the Philippines, collected by E. Lempriere, Esq. 75 birds from Mt. Kilimanjaro in German East Africa, col- lected by Sir Harry Johnston, G.C.B., G.C.M.G. Presented by the British Association. 66 birds from Muscat. Presented by Colonel Miles. 3l birds froın Ceylon. Presented by Colonel Vincent Legge. 354 birds from Argentina, collected by the late Henry Durnford, Esaq. 1157 eggs from various localities ; continuation of the collection of the late John Gould, Esq. [Cf. p. 265.] ı! 6895 birds (Turdide and Fringillide), being the first twelve instalments of their Neotropical collection. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, Esq., F.R.S. 1886. Specimens presented 2524; purchased 1496. Total 4020. Of special interest were the following :— 480 birds, principally Hawks and Owls. Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq. 516 birds from various localities, purchased from the collection of the late Sir William Jardine. 802 American birds (Turdide, Mimide, Troglodytidze), being the sıxth, seventh, and eighth instalments of the Sclater collection. 143 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 35 birds from the South Atlantic, principally from the island of S. Trinidad. Presented by the Earl of Crawford, K.T., F.R.S. Birds. 267 84 birds from Bushire, $. Persia. Presented by A. J.V. Palmer, Esg. 230 birds from Afghanistan, collected by Dr. Aitchison. Presented by the Afghan Delimitation Commission. 45 birds from S. Manchuria. Presented by Sir Evan James. 33 birds from the mountains of Perak. Presented by L. Wray, Esq., jun. 1073 birds from Yucatan and the adjacent islands, collected by Dr. G. F. Ganmer, and presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S. (thirteenth instalment). 1887. Specimens presented, 25,206 ; purchased, 703; received in exchange, 60. Total, 25,969. The year 1887 was memorable for the presentation by Colonel R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay of the splendid collection of Asiatic birds bequeathed to him by his uncle, the 9th Marquess of Tweeddale. Other notable additions were :— 24 birds from the Solomon Islands, including the types of 3 species. Presented by Dr. P. L. Sclater. 35 birds from the Solomon Islands, including 8 species new to the Museum and the type of Macrocorax woodfordi, collected by C. M. Woodford, Esq. 241 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 75 birds from S.E. New Guinea, collected by the Hon. Hugh Romilly. Presented by the Exhibition Commissioners of Queensland. 35 birds from the mountains of Camaroons, W. Africa, collected by Sir Harry Johnston, G.C.B., G.C.M.G. Presented by the British Association. 82 birds from California and Arizona. Presented by G. Frean Morcom, Esq. 23 birds from China, including types of two species described by the donor. Presented by F. W. Styan, Esaq. 485 Humming Birds, being the ninth instalment of the Sclater collection. 19 birds from the mountains of Perak in the Malay Peninsula. Presented by L. Wray, Esq., jun. 192 birds from Derby, N.W. Australia. Presented by Captain Bowyer-Bower. Collected by his son, the late T. H. Bowyer- Bower, Esq. 268 Zoology. 6 birds from New Ireland, including the types of three new species, collected by Dr. Otto Finsch. 37 birds from S. Manchuria. Presented by Sir Evan James. 17 birds from the Congo, collected by Mr. F. Bohndorft. 342 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented by Emin Pasha. 5 birds from Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, collected during the voyage of the Flying Fish. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 60 birds from the Caucasus and other parts of the Russian Empire. Received in exchange from the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. 539 Cuckoos and 36 Petrels from various localities, including the type of Cymochorea monorhis. Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq. 25 birds from the Sudan. Presented by Colonel Willughby Verner. 183 birds from East Africa, including the types of Ploceus jacksoni, Sylviella minima, and Campothera pallida. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G. 3335 specimens of American Corvidse, Trochilidse, and Acei- pitres, being the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth instalments of their Neotropical collection. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S. 1888. Specimens presented, 20,392; purchased, 1986; received in exchange, 30. Total, 22,408. Special mention may be made of the following accessions :— 1718 specimens of Tyrannidz, Cotingide, and Piprid, including no less than 117 types of species, being the tenth instalment of the Sclater collection. 44 birds from East Africa. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esgq., C.B., C.M.G. 57 birds from the island of Guadalcanar, Solomon Archipelago, including the types of 13 new species. Collected by C. M. Woodford, Esq. 68 birds from Guadalcanar. Presented by C. M. Woodford, Esq. 5408 specimens of Tyrannidse, Pipride, Cotingidz, Striges, Picarize, etc., being the seventeenth to twenty-ninth instalments of their Neotropical collection. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S. Birds. 269 13,326 specimens of skins and eggs of North American birds, forming the Hanshaw collection. Presented by Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S. 13 birds from Muscat. Presented by Surgeon-Colonel Jayakar. 198 birds from various localities. Presented by Henry See- bohm, Esq. 26 birds from Dominica, collected by Mr. Ramage. Presented by the West Indian Committee of the Royal Society. 19 Cormorants and Shags from Fowey, Cornwall. Presented by Dr. A. Günther. 76 birds from the mountains of Perak. Presented by A. Wray, Esq., jun. 52 birds from South East New Guinea, including the types of four new species, collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes. 35 birds, collected by M. Humblot in the Comoro Islands. Purchased of Mr. G. A. Frank. 30 birds and 5 eggs from the Island of Fernando Noronha, including the types of two new species, collected by H. M. Ridley, Esq. Presented by the Royal Society. 85 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 231 birds from the Island of Cyprus. Presented by Lord Lilford. 23 birds from Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, including the types of five new species. Presented by J. J. Lister, Esq. 54 birds from North West Borneo, and the neighbouring islands, collected by Alfred Everett, Esq. 8 birds from the Comoro Islands, with four species new to the collection. Presented by the Paris Museum. 69 birds from Ichang in Western China, collected by Mr. A.E. Pratt. 44 birds from Benguela, including twenty species new to the Museum collection. Presented by the Lisbon Museum. 195 birds from Fao, Persian Gulf. Presented by W. D. Cumming, Esq. 1889. Specimens presented, 6936; purchased, 4093; received in exchange, 76. Total, 11,105. 364 specimens of Pigeons, Barbets, Cuckoos, Weaver-birds, Woodpeckers, including types of four species new to the Museum. Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq. 4947 specimens of Aceipitres, Psittaci, Columbiformes, Oracid:e, 270 Zoology. etc., being the thirtieth to thirty-ninth instalments of their Neotropical collection. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S. 48 birds from the Baram distriet of Sarawak, Borneo, collected by Dr. Charles Hose. 275 birds (mostly Starlings and Larks) from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 70 birds from Mount Aboo, North West India, collected by Colonel A. E. Butler. Received in exchange. 36 birds from the Island of Palawan, Philippine Archipelago, collected by Mr. John Whitehead. 1952 specimens of Woodpeckers, Cuckoos, Toucans, Barbets, Dendrocoloptide, Formicarüds, being the eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth instalments of the Sclater collection, including 112 types. 1681 specimens of African birds, Alaudids, Ploceids, Picariz, etc., being the first to the eighth instalments of the Shelley collection, including thirteen types of species described by Captain G. E. Shelley. 186 birds from the Kilimanjaro distriet and Teita in East Africa, including seven types of new species. Presented by H. C. V. Hunter, Esog. 44 birds from Kansu in North West China, collected by Mr. Berezowski, including seventeen species new to the collection. 59 birds from the Lower Congo, collected by Mr. L. Petit. 98 Ducks from various localities. Presented by H. J. Elwes, Esq., F.R.S. ll Gulls from the collection of the late Mr. Vingoe, from Cornwall. Purchased at the Vingoe sale. 148 birds from the collection of the Conte de Riocour, including an example of the extinct Starling (Fregilupus varius), of Reunion. 105 birds from Dominica, collected by Mr. Ramage. Pre- sented by the West India Committee of the Royal Society. 121 birds from Tasmania. Presented by ©. G. H. Lloyd, Esq. 63 birds and 17 eggs from China, from Mount Kina Balu and North Western Borneo. Presented by John Whitehead, Esq. 40 birds from Yarkand, collected by the Rev. Dr. Lansdell. 57 birds from South Wales. Presented by the Hon. W. Edwardes (afterwards Lord Kensington). 33 Starlings from the vieinity of Lucknow. Presented by George Reid, Esq., Director of the Lucknow Museum. a ee Birds. a7ı 1890. Specimens presented, 5055 ; purchased, 1955 ; received in exchange, 136. Total, 7147. A variety of the Snipe anda Reeyve’s Pheasant. Presented by His Majesty King Edward VII. (then H.R.H. the Prince of Wales). 2835 specimens of American birds, Accipitres (Birds of Prey), Corvide (Crows), Turdide (Thrushes), Troglodytide (Wrens), etc., being the fortieth to forty-fifth instalments of the Salvin- Godman collection. Presented by Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S., and Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S. 834 specimens of Picarian birds, being the final instalment of the Sclater collection. 761 specimens of African birds, being the ninth to nineteenth instalments of the Shelley collection. 405 speciinens of Larks, Hoopoes, and Kingfishers, mostly from the Swinhoe collection. Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq. 216 eggs from Fao, Persian Gulf. Presented by W. D. Cumming, Esq. The only known British specimen of the Siberian Thrush (Oichloselys sibirica). Frederic Bond Bequest. 47 birds from the Altai Mountains. Presented by St. George Littledale, Esq. 82 birds from Madeira and the Desertas Islands, including the type of a new Sparrow-hawk (Aceipiter granti). Presented by W.R. Ogilvie Grant, Esg. Young birds and eggs of the Cream-coloured Courser (Qursorius gallieus). Presented by E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, Esq. 17 birds from the Aruwhimi River, collected by the late J. S. Jameson. Presented by Mrs. Jameson. 543 birds from Africa. Presented by J. H. Gurney, jun. This collection was formed by the donor’s father, John Henry Gurney, and was a most valuable addition to the National Collection ; consisting, as it did, of much of the material on which Mr. Gurney and Mr. Thomas Ayres had founded their memoirs on the Ornithology of Natal and the Transvaal. 168 birds from Turkestan, collected by the late Dr. Severtzow. 100 birds from Labuan and Sarawak. Collected by A. H. Everett, Esog. 28 birds fromEquatorial Africa. Presented by Emin Pasha. 240 birds from the Philippine Islands. Received in exchange from E. L. Moseley, Esq. € DD 72 Zoology. 33 birds from the Bellenden-Ker Range, North East Queensland. Presented by the Australian Museum, Sydney. 136 eggs from Southern Spain. Presented by Lord Lilford. 101 birds from Northern Italy. Presented by Count T. Salvadori. 216 eggs from Fao, Persian Gulf. Presented by W. D. Cumming, Esaq. 77 birds and eggs from the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans. Bequeathed by Dr. Robert McCormick. 42 birds from Kiukiang, S. China. Presented by F. W. Styan, Esq. 19 birds from the Sandwich Islands, colleeted by Mr. Knudsen. Presented by Professor Collett, Director of the University Museum, Christiania. 1891. Specimens presented, 5095; purchased, 507; received in exchange, 2771. Total, 12,883. 56 birds from Muscat. Presented by Surgeon-Colonel A. S. G. Jayakar. 418 specimens collected during the second Yarkand Mission. In exchange with the Indian Museum, Calcutta. 37 birds and nests from the Pamir. Presented by St. George Littledale, Esq. 97 specimens from Corea, including the Black Woodpecker, Thriponax kalinowski, new to the collection. Presented by C. W. Campbell, Esaq. 13 specimens from the Shan States. Presented by E. W. Oates, Esq. 186 specimens from the Philippine Islands, obtained during the Steere expedition, with 20 species new to the Museum. Purchased and exchanged with E. L. Moseley, Esq. 32 specimens from the islands of the Bight of Benin, includ- ing six species new to the collection. Presented by the Lisbon Museum. 16 birds from East Africa. Received in exchange from the Berlin Museum. 10 birds from the Phenix Islands, with two species of Petrels new to the collection. Presented by J. J. Lister, Esq. 22 birds from Montana and Dakota, including some fine examples of North American Buzzards. Presented by E. 8. Cameron, Esq. Birds. 213 263 specimens from Central Chili and Tarapacä, including many species new to the collection, among them the rare Avocet of the Andes (Recurvirostra andina). Presented by H. Berkeley James, Esq. 34 nests and eggs from Barbados. Presented by Colonel W. H. Feilden, C.B. 65 Arctic and Antarctie birds. Bequeathed by the late Dr. Robert MeCormick. 501 eggs of Gulls and Terns (Laridse). Presented by Howard Saunders, Esq. This was a very valuable present, the donor being our greatest authority on the Laride, which family he described in the twenty-Afth volume of the “Catalogue of Birds.” The first instalment of his collection of bird’s eggs, comprising 5017 examples. Presented by H. Seebohm, Esq. In this year Mr. Seebohm commenced the arrangement of the Museum series of eggs in cabinets. 4787 specimens of American birds, being the forty-sixth to fifty-sixth instalments of the Salvin-Godman collection. Presented by Dr.F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S.,and Osbert Salvin, Esq.,F.R.S. 451 specimens of African Galliformes (Game-birds), Ralli- formes (Rails), and Charadriformes (Plovers, ete.), being the twentieth to the twenty-second instalments of the Shelley collection. 1892. Specimens presented, 10,024 ; purchased, 1013; received in exchange, 119. Total, 11,156. 4013 eggs and specimens of O'haradriformes (Wading Birds), Lariformes (Gulls and Terns), Ralliformes (Rails). Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esgq. 4534 specimens, being the fifty-sixth to sixty-sixth instalments of their collection of Neotropical birds. Presented by Dr. F. Du Cane Godman and Osbert Salvin, Esaq. A pair of Newton’s Gardener Bower-bird (Prionodura newtoni- ana). Presented by the Queensland Museum. 1042 birds from Central Chili and Tarapaca. Presented by H. Berkeley James, Esgq. 19 birds and eggs from the River Gambia. Presented by Dr. Rendall. 16 birds from the island of Engano, collected by Mr. Modi- gliani. 95 birds from Eastern Prussia and other parts of Germany. Received in exchange from Dr. E. Hartert. voL. 1. m 274 Zoology. 101 birds from Mount Dulit, Sarawak, including 24 species new to the collection and 13 types. Collected by Dr. C. Hose. 447 birds from Nata) and the Bermudas, collected by Capt. Savile G. Reid. 3 rare birds from Benguela and St. Thomas’ Island, W. Africa, including the type of a new genus and species, Amauro- cichla bocagei. JPresented by the Lisbon Museum. 58 birds from the neighbourhood of Buenos Aires, collected by F. Withington, Esq. A pair of the Flightless Rail of Laysan Island, Porzanula palmeri. Presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Ph.D., M.P. 180 Columbiformes (Pigeons), being the twenty-third instalment of the Shelley collection. ll birds from the Malay Peninsula. Presented by W. R. Davison, Esq. 145 birds from Mt. Kina Balu and N.W. Borneo, collected by A. H. Everett, Esq. 21 birds from New Zealand and the Chatham Islands, collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes. 27 birds from Anguilla Island, W.I. Presented by the West Indian Committee of the Royal Society. 52 birds, mostly from Peru, with several new to the collection. Presented by Count Branicki. 78 birds from North Australia and the island of Dammar in the Moluccas, collected by Dr. Bassett-Smith during the voyage of H.M.S. Penguin. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. 477 birds from Hungary. Presented by the Hungarian National Museum, Budapest. 257 birds from Nyasa Land, containing twelve types and fifteen species new to the collection. Presented by Sir Harry H. Johnston, K.C.B., G.C.M.G. 1893. Specimens presented, 11,062; purchased, 202; received in exchange, 162. Total, 11,426. Among the important accessions were :— 502 specimens from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Harry Johnston, K.C.B., G.C.M.G. 882 specimens of Neotropical birds. Presented by Dr. F.D. Godman, F.R.S., and Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S. 44 types of new species of birds discovered by him in Uganda and on Mount Elgon. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esg., C.R., C.M.G. a Aue | | | Birds. 275 239 specimens of Herons (Ardeiformes) and Limicoline birds (Charadrüformes). Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq. 54 birds from Suakin. Presented by Surgeon-Major R. H. Penton. 83 birds from Mt. Kalulong and the Baram distriet of Sara- wak. Presented by Dr. Charles Hose. A ‚third instalment of 8273 eggs was presented by Mr. Henry Seebohm, making, with those previously given by him, a donation of 16,290 specimens. 109 eggs of Australian birds from Gippsland, Victoria. Pre- sented by Judge Philbrick, K.C. 229 birds from various parts of Australia. Presented by Lord Leigh. Specimens of Tetraophasis szechenyi, from Tibet, and G@rus nigricollis, from Mongolia, both species new to the Museum col- lection. Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq. 32 birds from Mt. Kina Balu. Presented by Dr. H. A. Haviland and Dr. D. G. Haviland. 22 birds and eggs from the Chatham Islands, collected by Dr. H. ©. Forbes. 63 birds from Chili. Bequeathed by the late H. Berkeley James, Esaq. 27 birds from Antigua, Santa Lucia, collected by Mr. Ramage- Presented by the West Indian Committee of the Royal Society. 44 specimens of Pheasants and Grouse from various parts of the Russian Empire. Received in exchange from the St. Peters- burg Museum. 95 Herons, being the twenty-fourth instalment of the Shelley collection. 60 birds from Shoa. Received in exchange from the Turin Museum. 24 specimens from Sarawak and N. W. Borneo, collected by Mr. A. W. Everett, including the rare Partridge of Kina Balu (Heematortya sanguiniceps, Sharpe), and the type-specimen of Everett’s Spider-hunter (Arachnothera everetti). 86 specimens from Mount Kalulong and the Baram province of Sarawak, collected by Dr. Charles Hose, including the types of Glaueidium borneense, Turdinus kalulonge, and T. tephrops. 32 birds from the Lower Congo and other localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 31 Neotropical birds. Received in exchange from Graf Hans von Berlepsch. Be 276 Zoology. 1894. Specimens presented, 4505; purchased, 1525; received in exchange, 243. Total, 6273. 1482 speeimens of Tanagrids, presented by Dr. F. D. Godman, F.R.S., and Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S. 690 birds, viz. 354 Anseriformes (Ducks and Geese), 58 Colymbiformes (Grebes and Divers), 81 Ardeiformes (Herons), 57 Lariformes (Gulls),, 122 Charadriüformes (Waders), 18 Strigiformes (Owls). Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esaq. 183 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Harry Johnston, G.C.B., K.C.M.G. 86 birds from the Shan States, Burma, including the types of two new species. Presented by Eugene W. Oates, Esq. 55 birds and 61 eggs from Foochow, S. China. Presented by ©. B. Rickett, Esq. 65 birds from the Sulu Islands, including types of four new ‚ species, and nine new to the Museum. Collected by A. H. Everett, Esaq. 173 birds from N.W. Borneo. Received in exchange from A. H. Everett, Esg. 171 specimens from the island of Palawan. Presented by A. H. Everett, Esaq. A specimen of the Seychelles Tufted Owl (Gymnoscops insularis). Presented by Chevalier Brooks. A pair of the Flightless Duck of the Auckland Islands (Nesonetta aucklandica) ; a pair of Mantell’s Apteryx (A. mantelli) from North Island, N.Z.; and a pair of the Emperor of Germany’s Bird of Paradise (Trichoparadisea gulielmi) from the Finisterre Mts., New Guinea. Presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild, D.Se., M.P. 496 skins of Gulls (Laride) from Mr. Howard Saunders’s collection. 15 specimens from Central Asia. Presented by St. George Littledale, Esgq. 124 birds from Kashmir and the Salt Range. Presented by Dr. J. Aitchison. 86 specimens from the Shan States. Presented by E. W. Oates, Esq. 60 bones of birds from the Chatham Islands, including those of Aphanapteryx and other extinct species, with types of seven new species. Collected by Dr, H. O. Forbes, Birds. at 67 birds from Ecuador. Presented by W.H.D. Haggard, Esq. 63 birds from China. Presented by F. W. Styan, Esq. 669 specimens of Phalacrocoracidsee (Cormorants), Anatids (Ducks), Aceipitres (birds of prey), Striges (Owls), and Crows (Corvidze), ete., being the twenty-fifth and twenty-sixth instal- ments of the Shelley collection. 1895. Specimens presented, 2687 ; purchased, 7856; received in exchange, 18. Total 10,561. Of special interest are :— 2 Little Auks (Alle alle) found dead at Sandringham. Presented by H.R.H. the Prince of Wales (King Edward VII.). 247 birds and eggs, from Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Salvage Islands. Presented by the Hon. Cecil Baring, and W.R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esaq. 46 Petrels (Procellariformes) and Gulls (Lariformes). Pre- sented by Henry Seebohm, Esgq. 924 birds with nests and eggs from Rio de Janeiro. Presented by Alexander Fry, Esq. 3124 specimens of African birds, being the twenty-seventh to the thirty-fifth instalment of the Shelley Collection of African Birds. 23 types of new species of birds discovered during his expe- dition to Lake Rudolf. Presented by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith. 179 birds from Somali Land, including nine types and twelve species new to the Museum, collected by E. Lort Phillips, Esq. 71 birdsand eggs from Aden. Presented by Colonel Yerbury. 4426 birds from Assam and Manipur, including many types and species new to the Museum, collected by Colonel H. H. Godwin-Austen, F.R.S. 104 birds from the Philippine Islands, the Sulu Archipelago, and Mt. Kina Balu in N.W. Borneo, collected by A. H. Everett, Esaq. 22 birds from the islands of Luzon and Mindoro, in the Philippine Archipelago, colleeted by A. H. Everett, Esq. 58 birds from New Zealand. Presented by Sir Samuel Scott, Bart. 175 birds from the Hawaiian Archipelago, including twenty- Six species new to the Museum, collected by R. ©. L. Perkins, Esq. Presented by the Joint Committees of the Royal Society and the British Association. 278 Zoologyy. 178 birds from the Rio Pilcomayo, collected by J. Graham Kerr, Esq. Presented by Capt. Juan Page. 13 birds, including nine species new to the colleetion. Re- ceived in exchange from the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Ph.D., M.P, 64 birds and eggs from Fao, Persian Gulf, collected by W. D. Cumming, Esq. 19 birds from the Solomon Islands, including types of four new species. Presented by Dr. E. P. Ramsay, Director of the L Australian Museum, 109 eggs of Cuckoo, with sets of the eggs of the parents, and the nests, From the collection of Leopold Field, Esq. 1896. Specimens presented, 19,604 ; purchased, 2210 ; received in exchange, 56. Total, 21,900. The most important additions were :— The Seebohm bequest of 16,950 skins and skeletons of birds, being the remainder of the collection formed by the late Henry Seebohm, Esq. During the preceding years, Mr. Seebohm had presented to the Museum his collection of eggs and many of his birds for the purpose of aiding the preparation of the ‘ Catalogue of Birds’ and the ‘ Catalogue of Eggs.’ 420 birds from the Savana of British Guiana. Presented by F. V. MeConnell, Esq., and J. J. Quelch, Esq. 35 birds from Mashona Land. Presented by Guy A. K. Marshall, Esq. 77 birds from South Australia. Presented by H. Munt, Esg. 1650 specimens from the Steere expedition to the Philippines, including 44 types and 15 species new to the Museum, collected by Professor J. B. Steere. 97 mounted Humming Birds. Presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild. 66 specimens from Zulu Land, collected by Messrs. R. B. and J. D. S. Woodward. 104 birds, chiefly from Celebes, collected by A. H. Everett, Esg. 32 birds from Machakos, British East Africa, collected by Dr. S. J. Hinde. B 20 birds from Matabele Land. Presented by F. ©. Selous, Esq. 1807 birds from the Palsarctic Region, from the collection of the late Edward Hargitt, Esq., R.I. Birds. 2.09 53 birds from Aden and Somali Land. Received in exchange from Uapt. Nurse. 41 birds from Luzon, Philippine Islands, including eighteen species new to the Museum, collected by John Whitehead, Esq. 45 birds from Andros Island, Bahamas. Presented by Neville Chamberlain, Esq. 66 specimens of Eider Ducks (Somateria mollissima) and Black Guillemots (Uria grylle) from the neighbourhood of Christian- sund, N. Norway: illustrating the various moults and changes of plumage. Collected by Nikolai Hanson. 72 birds from Nyasa Land, ineluding the types of three new species. Presented by Sir Harry H. Johnston, K.C.B,., G.C.M.G. 37 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G. 49 specimens from the Marianne Islands, including nine species new to the collection. Received in exchange from the Hon. Walter Rothschild, D.Se., M.P. 98 birds from Somali Land, and 31 from Persia. Collected and presented by F. Gillett, Esq. 1897. Specimens presented, 6293; purchased, 6359 ; received in exchange, 131. Total, 12,783. The following were of special interest :— 972 birds. Presented by Dr. F. D. Godman, F.R.S., and Ösbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S. 3045 birds from Gilgit in High Kashmir, Kashgar, Yarkand, ete. This collection, formed by Colonel John Biddulph and pre- sented by him to the Museum, contained also a fine series of skins of Finches (Fringillide). 28 birds from the Southern Shan States. Presented by Colonel G. Rippon. 81 birds from the Sandwich Islands, collected by R. C. L. Perkins, Esq. Presented by the Joint Committees of the Royal Society and the British Association. 17 specimens from the Cape Verde Islands, including the types of two new species. Presented by Boyd Alexander, Esq. 47 birds from Foochow. Presented by C. B. Rickett, Esq., and J. D. La Touche, Esq. 25 Geese and Ducks from Walcheren, Holland. Presented by T. M. Pike, Esq., and H. L. Popham, Esq. 280 Zoology. 34 birds and eggs from Spitzbergen. Presented by A. Trevor- Battye, Esq. 614 specimens from the Philippine Islands, including 67 types and 68 species new to the Museum; collected by John Whitehead, Esq. Presented by the subscribers to the Whitehead expedition. 428 birds from Northern Nyasa Land, collected by Mr. Alexander White. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G. 61 birds from the islands off Lower California. Presented by A. W. Anthony, Esq. 10 types of new species from Equatorial Africa. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G. 224 specimens from Argentina, colletted by A. N. Hol- land, Esg. 36 birds from Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, collected by Dr. ©. W. Andrews. Presented by Sir John Murray, K.C.B. 14 specimens, ineluding seven species new to the collection. Received in exchange from the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Ph.D., M.P. 116 specimens from the islands of Luzon, Philippine Archi- pelago, collected by John Whitehead, Esaq. 157 specimens, mostliy Humming Birds, from Ecuador. Pre- sented by L. Söderström, Esq. 111 birds from the neighbourhood of Christiansund, N. Norway, collected by Nikolai Hanson. 26 specimens from S.E. New Guinea, including nine species new to the Museum, collected by Dr. L. Loria. 72 birds from the neighbourhoed of Bangkok, collected by Capt. Stanley Flower. Received in exchange from the Royal Siamese Museum. 218 birds from Uruguay, collected by ©. V. Aplin, Esa. 136 birds from the islands of Savu and Lombok, collected by A. H. Everett, Esg. 135 birds from Northern Celebes, collected by Dr. Charles Hose. 72 eggs of Philippine birds, collected by John Whitehead, Esq. 42 specimens from New Zealand and the neighbouring islands. Received in exchange from the Otago Museum. 5479 specimens of Palzarctie birds and the collection of Woodpeckers formed by the late Edward Hargitt, Esq., R.I. Birds. 281 1898. Specimens presented, 4130 ; purchased, 2227 ; received in exchange, 485. Total, 6842. Of special interest were the following :— 678 eggs of Chilian birds. Bequeathed by the late H. Berkeley James, Esq. 1344 birds from various parts of the Indian Empire. Pre- sented by Dr. W. T. Blanford, F.R.S. 186 birds from Somali Land and South Arabia, including seven types and nine species new to the Museum. Presented by R. MeD. Hawker, Esa. 232 birds from Bering Sea. Presented by Capt. G. E.H. Barrett-Hamilton. 40 specimens of Larks (Alaudid) and other rare species from Morocco and Tunis. Presented by J. I. S. Whitaker, Esq. 116 birds from N.W. Foh-Kien, China, including the types of seven new species. Presented by ©. B. Rickett, Esq., and J. D. La Touche, Esq. 77 skeletons and birds in spirit. Presented by Dan Meinertz- hagen, Esq. Types of two new Pigeons from Alligator River, N.W. Australia. Received in exchange from the Christiania Museum. 26 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by General Manning. 42 birds from Somali Land. Presented by J. Benet Stanford, Esq. 14 birds and eggs from New Zealand. Presented by Capt R. Snow. 75 birds from Muscat. Presented by Surgeon-Colonel Jayakar. 64 eggs of Gulls and Ducks from the Smölen Islands, N. Norway. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe. 61 birds from Somali Land and the Lake Rudolf district. Presented by Lord Delamere. 118 birds from British Guiana. Presented by F. M. McConnell, Esgq., and J. J. Quelch, Esg. 72 birds from N.W. Borneo, colleeted by J. B. Bell, Esq. A nest with eggs of Prince Albert’s Rifle-Bird (Oraspedophora alberti). Received in exchange from D. Le Souef, Esgq. 93 birds from the Louisiade Archipelago, collected by Albert S. Meek, Esq. 66 birds from Mashona Land, collected by J. L. Sowerby, Esq. 282 Zoology. 21 birds from Mount Albert Edward, British New Guinea, containing several species new to the collection. Purchased. ß 33 birds from Franz Josef Land, collected during the Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition. Presented by Capt. F. G. Jackson. 74 birds from the Khin-gan Mountains, Mongolia. Presented by Dr. D. Donaldson Smith, J. E. Farnum, Esq., and G. L. Farnum, Esq. R 53 birds from Mozambique, including the type of a new species. Presented by H. S. H. Cavendish, Esaq. = 28 birds from New Guinea, including 5 species new to the collection. Received in exchange from the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Ph.D., M.P. 238 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G. 95 birds from Machakos, British East Africa. Presented by S. L. Hinde, Esq. 18 birds from Central Australia, obtained during the Horn “ Expedition. Presented by W. A. Horn, Esq. 565 eggs from Argentina, colleeted by A. H. Holland, Esaq. 76 specimens from the Philippine Islands, colleeted by John Whitehead, Esq. b. 348 birds and eggs from the Lesser Sunda Islands and North + Western Borneo. Collected by A. H. Everett, Esq. | 257 birds from Somali Land, including 7 types and 8 species | new to the Museum. Collected by E. Lort Phillips, Esq. r 443 birds from Canada. Received in exchange from J. H. Fleming, Esq. hi 65 birds from Christiansund, N. Norway. Colleeted by Nikolai Hanson. 1899. Specimens presented 13,290; purchased 2018 ; received in exchange, 121. Total 15,429. Of special interest are :— 9802 specimens of Mexican birds. Presented by Dr. F. D. Godman, F.R.S., and Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S. 1192 birds from Southern China. Presented by C. B. Rickett, Esq. 174 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by General Mannıing. U et a 40 birds from Ascension Island and Diego Garcia. Presented by Dr. Frank Penrose. Birds. 283 114 birds, 6 nests, and 11 eggs from the Chilian Andes. Presented by E. A. Fitzgerald, Esq. 242 birds from Argentina and Patagonia. Presented by Dr. F. Moreno. 146 birds from Australia and Canada. Presented by Capt. G. E. Shelley. 30 birds from Muscat. Presented by Surgeon-Colonel Jayakar. 9 birds, 29 eggs, and 76 nests from China. Presented by J. D. La Touche, Esq. 16 birds from the Transvaal. Presented by F. C. Selous, Esq. 18 birds from Yarkand. Presented by Capt. P. Deasy. 27 birds and eggs from Nigeria. Presented by Dr. Cuthbert Christy. 209 birds and 12 eggs from the Islands of Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri, including the types of 8 new species, collected by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq., and Dr. H. O. Forbes. Presented by the Royal Society. 100 birds from various parts of Italy. Presented by Count E. Arrigoni degli Oddi. 20 birds from Bolivia. Presented by Count H. von Berlepsch. 63 birds and 16 eggs of birds from the Smölen Islands, North Norway. Presented by Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe. 8 types of new species from Uganda. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G. 664 birds and 53 eggs from the Galapagos Archipelago, collected by the Webster-Harris Expedition. 18 birds from Coruna, Spain. Presented by Dr. Lopez Seoane. 103 birds from Canada. Received in exchange from J. H. Fleming, Esg. 21 birds from the island of Basilan, Philippine Archipelago. Collected by Mr. J. Waterstradt. 177 skins and specimens in spirit from Liberia, collected by A. Demery. Purchased of Mr. G. A. Frank. 55 birds from the Hinterland of the Gold Coast. Presented by the late Colonel H. P. Northeott. 23 birds from Bolivia. Presented by Sir Martin Conway. 41 birds from Mount Moari, New Guinea. Collected by Mr. Dumas. 254 Zoology. 4 specimens of a new species of Bunting (Zonotrichia mae- connelli), from Mount Roraima, British Guinea. Presented by F. V. MeConnell, Esq. 77 birds from the Louisiade Archipelago. Collected by Mr. A.S. Meek. 45 birds from Cape York. Collected by Mr. A. S. Meek. 90 birds from Ecuador and Puna Island. Collected by the late Mr. Perry OÖ. Simons. 1900. Specimens presented, 4629; purchased, 1209; received in exchange, 609. Total, 6447. The principal accessions were :— 953 birds from the Shan States, including the types of seven new species. Presented by Colonel G. Rippon. 90 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith. 121 birds from the New Hebrides, including the types of twelve new species. Presented by Captain A. M. Farquhar, R.N. 87 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, | KICHB. 1360 birds from Southern China. Presented by ©. B. Rickett, Esq. 307 birds collected by the late J. S. Jameson, Esq., in Mashona Land and the Upper Congo. Presented by Mrs. Jameson. 18 birds from Hainan, including three types of species new to the Museum, collected by the late John Whitehead. Presented by J. T. Thomasson, Esq. 222 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by General Manning. 149 birds from Sarawak, collected by Dr. Charles Hose. 7 types of new species from Equatorial Africa. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G. 95 birds from the Zambesi River. Presented by Boyd Alexander, Esq. 213 birds and 40 nests and eggs from Sarawak. Presented by Dr. Charles Hose. 23 specimens of rare species of Birds of Paradise and other valuable birds from British New Guinea. Presented by Sir R. G. Le Hunte, K.C.M.G. Mr A Zu > re 2 2 a Te ra Birds. 285 215 birds and 14 eggs from Australia. Presented by Donald Melntosh, Esg. 82 birds from the Zeraf River. Presented by Surgeon- Captain H. N. Dunn. 35 birds from North Queensland. Presented by Herbert C. Robinson, Esq. 568 eggs of North American birds. Received in exchange from the Princeton University Museum, N.J. 12 birds, including six species new to the Museum, collected by Heinrich Kühn. 190 birds from Yun-nan and South Western China, including the types of three new species. Presented by Captain A. W.S. Wingate. 417 birds from Southern Abyssinia, including the types of sixteen new species and examples of ten other species new to the Museum. Presented by H. Weld-Blundell, Esq., and Lord Lovat. 64 birds from Shen-si, North China. Collected by Father Hugh. 243 birds from South Arabia. Collected during the Percival- Dodson expedition. 22 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by Captain Stanley S. Flower. 200 birds from Ecuador and Peru. Collected by Perry O. Simons, Esq. 1364 birds from South China. Presented by ©. B. Rickett, Esq. 307 birds from Mashona Land and the Aruwhimi River, Upper Congo, collected by the late J. S. Jameson, Esq. Presented by Mrs. Jameson. 53 birds from Northern New Guinea, collected by J. M. Dumas. 144 birds and eggs from the island of Hainan. Collected by the late John Whitehead. 85 birds from Mount Kenya, collected during the Mackinder expedition to British East Africa, including the types of four new species. A colleetion of mummified birds from Egypt. Presented by the Committee of the Egyptian Exploration Fund. 41 birds from British New Guinea, collected by A. S. Meek. 45 birds from Morotai Island, collected by A. H. Everett, Esq. 286 Zoology. 102 birds from Mashona Land, colleeted by Mr. Edward Clarke. : 32 birds from the French Congo, collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. 33 birds and 37 eggs from the Rio Ruo, Zambesia ; colleeted by A. Blayney Percival, Eso. 45 birds from the island of Obi Major in the Moluccas, collected by Mr. W. Lucas. 11 birds from the island of Buru, collected by A. H. Everett, Esaq. 1901. Specimens presented, 17,595 ; purchased, 1165; received in exchange, 298. Total, 19,358. Some of the most important accessions were the following :— 52 birds from Somali Land. . Presented by H. H. the Gaekwar of Baroda. 15,150 eggs, bequeathed by the late Philip Crowley, Esg. 150 birds, 660 eggs, and 20 nests of birds, from Fohkien, South China. Presented by ©. B. Rickett, Esg. 122 birds and 64 eggs, collected during the Southern Cross expeldlition to the Antarctie seas by Nikolai Hanson. Presented by Sir George Newnes, Bart. 33 birds from the Persian Gulf. Presented by ©. T. Ffinch, Esq. 970 birds from the interior of British East Africa. Presented by Lord Delamere. 100 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith. 59 birds from the Lawas River, N.W. Borneo, collected by the late J. S. Jameson. Presented by Mrs. Jameson. 100 birds from Somali Land. Presented by Dr. Donaldson Smith. 226 birds, nests, and eggs from Victoria. Presented by the Government of Victoria. 47 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by General Manning. 4] birds from Somali Land. Presented by Colonel’ J. J. Harrison. 107 birds from Queensland. Presented by Herbert ©. Robin- son, Esq. 103 birds from San Paulo, Brazil, collected by Mr. A. Robert. Presented by Sir William Ingram, Bart. Birds. 287 54 birds from the Shan States, Burma. Presented by Colonel +. Rippon. 81 birds from Deelfontein, Cape Colony, collected by E. eimund. Presented by Colonel A. T. Sloggett, C.M.G. 4 types of new species from Equatorial Africa. Presented by ‘. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G. 179 birds from British East Africa, including 4 types of new pecies and 6 other species new to the Museum. Presented by ir Harry Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B. 67 birds from New Zealand and the adjacent islands, including he type of a new Cormorant. Presented by the Earl of Ranfurly, sovernor of New Zealand. 294 birds and 76 eggs from the White Nile. Presented by t. MeD. Hawker, Esg. 37 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by H. F. Vitherby, Esq. 52 birds from North China. Presented by C. W. Campbell, üsq. 66 birds from the Egyptian Sudan, including 3 species new o the Museum. Presented by the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild nd A. F. R. Wollaston, Esaq. 89 birds from the Camaroons, W. Africa, including 6 species iew to the Museum and the types of 5 new species. Üollected y G. L. Bates, Esq. 48 birds from Batchian Island, Moluccas, collected by Mr. deinrich Kühn. 211 birds from Ecuador and Peru, collected by Perry O. Simons. 47 birds and 78 nests and eggs from S.E. New Guinea, ollected by Mr. Weiske, containing 23 species new to the Museum, with types of 9 new species. 529 specimens of Paridz, being the collection of Tits formed )y Professor M. Menzbier. 41 birds from the Solomon Islands, collected by A. S. Meek. 1902. Speeimens presented, 4812; purchased, 3356; received in »xchange, 460. Total, 8628. The most important accessions were :— 2220 eggs of Pal®arctice and Nearctic birds. Presented by W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esaq. 866) [0 0] an Zoology. 17 types of new species from Ruwenzori and Toro. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G. 617 birds from Western Yun-nan. Presented by Colonel G. Rippon. 58 birds from New Zealand and the adjacent islands. Pre- sented by the Earl of Ranfurly. 212 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.B. 485 birds and 158 eggs from Foh-kien, South China, Pre- sented by ©. B. Rickett, Esq. 385 birds from Somali Land and Southern Abyssinia, in- eluding the types of three new species. Presented by Sir Alfred E. Pease, Bart. 402 birds from the Upper Nile. Presented by R. McD. Hawker, Esg. 68 birds from S.E. New Guinea. Presented by H.E. Capt. F. R. Barton, Governor of British New Guinea. 2300 birds from Peru and Bolivia, collected by the late Mr Perry O. Simons. 231 birds from the Camaroons, collected by G. L. Bates, Esa. 160 birds from the frontier of Yemen, S. Arabia, collected by G. W. Bury, Esg. 32 birds of prey from Western Australia. Presented by the West Australian Museum, Perth. 407 eggs of North American birds. Received in exchange from the Princeton University Museum, N.J. 31 birds from the Aruwhimi River, Upper Congo, collected by Capt. Guy Burrows. 71 birds from Ecuador and Colombia, collected by Messrs. Miketta and Flemming. 48 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by R. MeD. Hawker, Esog. 48 birds from Mashona Land. Presented by J. Ffolliot Darling, Esog. 16 birds from Bosnia. Presented by Dr. Othmar Reiser. 20 birds from the Liu Kiu Islands. Presented by the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild. 20 birds from Shensi Province, N. China, colle cieg Father Hugh. 43 birds from Surinam. Presented by F. P. and A. P. Penard, Esqrs. Birds. 289 15 Pheasants from Burma, including the type of G@ennzus nisbetti. Presented by Capt. W. G. Nisbett. 59 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by Surgeon- Capt. H. N. Dunn. 91 birds from Cyprus, collected by Mr. C. Glazner. 60 birds from the Caucasus, collected by Mr. Schultze. 1903. Specimens presented, 5583 ; purchased, 3693. Total, 9576. The most important accessions were as follows :— 973 birds, skeletons, eggs, and nests from Deelfontein, Cape Colony. Presented by Colonel A. P. Sloggett, C.M.G. 260 birds from the islands of the South Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, colleected by Mr. M. J. Nicoll during the voyage of the R.Y.S. Valhalla. Presented by the Earl of Crawford, K.T., F.R.S. 35l eggs from various localities. Presented by W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq. 75 birds, 16 eggs, and 3 nests from the Sudan. Presented by Surgeon-Capt. H. N. Dunn. 351 eggs from North Queensland. Presented by W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq. 457 birds from Namaqua Land, collected by Mr. H.C. B. Grant. Presented by ©. D. Rudd, Esaq. 64 birds and eggs from Uganda. Presented by Dr. Cuthbert Christy. 260 birds and nests from British East Africa. Presented by A. Blayney Perceval, Esg. 31 birds from the Sudan. Presented by R. McD. Hawker, Esg. 582 birds from Western Yunnan. Presented by Colonel George Rippon. 72 birds from Sierra Leone. Presented by Robin Kemp, Esag. 34 birds from Central Asia. Presented by Capt. H.H.P. Deasy. 22 birds from Fernando Po, including 15 species new to the collection. Presented by Lieut. Boyd Alexander. 286 birds from North Niasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, C.B., K.C.M.G. 61 birds, 40 eggs, and 5 nests from Southern Persia. Presented by H. F. Witherby, Esq. VOL. II. U 290 Zoology. 96 birds from New Zealand and the adjacent islands. Presented by the Earl of Ranfur]y. 989 birds from Foh-Kien, South China. Presented by C. B. Rickett, Esq. 114 birds from Buenos Aires. Presented by Ernest Gibson, Esa. 46 eggs and 2 nests from the Azores, collected by W.R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq. Presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Ph.D. ,.MiB 80 birds from British New Guinea. Presented by H.E. Capt. F. R. Barton, Governor of British New Guinea. 116 birds from Upper Burma. Presented by Capt. A. Mears. 443 birds and 192 skeletons from Matogrosso,, collected by Mr. A. Robert. Presented by Mrs. Percy Sladen. 245 birds from South Arabia, collected by Mr. G. W. Bury. 466 birds from Abyssinia, collected by Mr. E. Degen. 420 birds from Patagonia, collected by Mr. J. Koslowsky. 275 birds from Pernambuco, etc., collected by Mr. A. Robert. 254 birds from Paraguay, collected by Mr. W. T. Foster. 25 birds from the Persian Gulf. Presented by W. D. Cumming, Esaq. 56 from Batchian and the Obi Islands, Moluccas, eollected by Mr. J. Waterstradt. 29 birds from Cyprus, collected by Mr. A. Glazner. 102 birds from Cyprus, collected by Miss Dorothea M. A. Bate. 302 birds from the Camaroons, West Africa, collected by G. L. Bates, Esaq. 130 eggs of birds from North Cachar, collected by E. C, Stuart Baker, Esq., and Dr. Coltart. 420 birds and eggs from the Southern Shan States, collected by H. N. Thompson, and W. H. Craddock, Esqrs. 1904. Specimens presented, 14,880 ; purchased, 3005 ; received in exchange, 18. Total, 17,903. The following are of especial interest and value :— 9948 eggs and 165 nests of Pal®arctic birds. Presented by W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq. 34 birds and 5l eggs from Darjiling. Presented by B. B. Osmaston, Esq. Birds. 291 333 birds from the Chindwin River in Upper Burma. Presented by Captain A. Mears. 498 birds from the interior of the Malay Peninsula, collected 3y Mr. H.C. Robinson. Presented by the Royal Society and ;he Universities of Edinburgh and Liverpool. 154 eggs from the province of Foh-kien in Southern China. Presented by ©. B. Rickett, Esq. 59 birds from Victoria. Prssented by the Government of Victoria. 45 birds from Entebbe, Uganda. Presented by J. F. Junninghame, Esq. 60 birds from the Atlas Mountains in Morocco, with types ff three new species. Presented by E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, Esgq. 43 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild. 316 birds from the Azores, collected by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq. Presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Ph.D., M.P. 402 birds and skeletons, nests and eggs, from Fernando Po, ;ollected by Mr. E. Seimund. Presented by Mrs. Percy Sladen, H.G. the Duke of Bedford, K.G., and the Hon. Walter Roth- schild, Ph.D., M.P. 65 birds from the Vaal River, collected by R. B. Woos- nam, Eisq. 630 birds from the Baro River, collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro. Presented by W. N. Macmillan, Esq. 442 skins and skeletons of birds from Uganda, collected luring the Anglo-German Boundary Commission. Presented by Solonel ©. Delm£-Radcliffe. 11 types of species from British East Africa and the Ruwenzori Mountains. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G. 41 birds from British East Africa. Presented by Surgeon- Capt. R. E. Drake-Brockman. 592 birds from British East Africa and Uganda, colleeted by F. J. Jackson, Esq., ©.B., C.M.G. 102 birds from British East Africa and from Florida. Presented by C. B. Storey, Esq. 483 birds from the West Indies and Venezuela, collected by Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe. Presented by Sir Frederic Johnstone, Bart., and Laura, Countess of Wilton. 87 eggs from Scotland, St. Kilda, ete.. Presented by J. Steel Elliot, Esq. 427 birds and eggs from Bechuana Land and the Orange u2 292 Zoology. River Colony, collected by R. B. Woosnam, Esq., and R. E. Dent, Esq. 44 birds from China. Presented by Charles Nix, Esaq. ll birds from New Zealand, the Kermadecs and other islands in the New Zealand Seas. Presented by the Earl of Ranfurly. 472 birds from the Azores, West Indian Islands and Florida, collected by Mr. M. J. Nicoll during the voyage of the R.Y.S. Valhalla. Presented by the Earl of Crawford, K.T., F.R.S. 28 birds from Alaska. Presented by Capt. ©. E. Radecliffe. 122 eggs of Costa-Rican birds, collected by Mr. C. F. Underwood. 745 nestsand eggs from Paraguay, collected by Mr. W. Foster. 472 birds from Sierra Leone, collected by Robin Kemp, Esq. 83 birds from Batchian and the S.W. Islands in the Moluccas, collected by Mr. Heinrich Kühn. 116 birds from S. New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, collected by Mr. A. S. Meek. 61 birds from the islands of Mindanao and Waigiou, collected by Mr. John Waterstradt. 627 birds from the Camaroons, collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. 1905. Specimens 322 birds from Japan, collected by Mr. M. P. Anderson. Presented by H.G. the Duke of Bedford, K.G. 4 types of species from Equatorial Africa, viz. Apalis ruwen- zori, Sylviella toruensis, Megabias sequatorialis, Batis diops. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., ©.M.G. 46 birds from the West Indie. Presented by D. A. Bannerman, Esgq. 162 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.B. 265 birds from the Camaroons, W. Africa, collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased. Includes the types of Smithornis camerunensis, Chloropeta batesi. 52 birds from N.W. Australia. Presented by Dr. Bernard Woodward, Director of the West Australian Museum, Perth, W.A. Several species new to the collection. 18 Pheasants from Upper Burma. Received in exchange from the Bombay Natural History Society. Birds. 293 49 birds from Colorado. Received in exchange from W. Cross, Esq. 43 birds from the Azores. Presented by Major Chaves, Director of the Ponta Delgada Museum, Azores. 745 birds from Argentina, Matto Grosso, Bolivia, etc. From Dr. P. L. Sclater’s collection. 498 birds from the Mountains of the Malay Peninsula, collected by Mr. H.C©. Robinson and Mr. Annandale. Presented by the Royal Society and the Universities of Edinburgh and Liverpool. 41 birds from the Kermadec Islands, the Snares and Macquarie Islands. Presented by the Earl of Ranfurly. 45 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented by J. J. Harrison, Esq. 30 birds from Chile. Purchased of D. S. Bullock, Esq. 98 eggs of Australian birds. Presented by A. J. North, Esq. 22 birds from Egypt. Presented by L. Loat, Esq. 60 British birds. Presented by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esg. 1297 birds from Egypt and other countries bordering the Mediterranean, as well as Central America and the West Indies. Bequeathed by the late Edward Cavendish-Taylor. 61 birds from the Camaroons. Üollected by G. L. Bates, Esq. 22 birds and 1 nest from California, collected by J. W. Maillard. Presented by Miss Nixon. 14 birds from the Transvaal. Presented by Sir A. E. Pease, Bart. 277 birds from the Kauri Kachin district, Upper Burma. Presented by Colonel G. Rippon. 72 birds from Karakol, Tian Shan Mts., collected by A. A. Kutzenko. Presented by A. B. Bayley Worthington, Esq. 47 nests and eggs of Costa Rican birds, collected by Mr. C. J. Underwood. 1162 birds from Mt. Vietoria, Chin Hills, Burma, including ll types of the new species. Presented by Col. Rippon. 427 eggs of birds from Equatorial Africa. Purchased. 208 birds from the Chindwin Valley, Upper Burma. Pre- sented by Capt. A. Mears. 88 birds from the Syrian Desert, containing the type of Emberiza eitriniventris. Collected by Douglas Carruthers, Esq. 906 birds and 745 eggs from Paraguay, collected by William Foster, Esaq. 63 birds from Jamaica. Presented by D. A. Bannerman, Fisq. 294 Zooloqy. 954 mounted birds. Presented by Lord Tweedmouth. 232 birds from Benguela, collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge. 236 birds from Mindanao, collected by Walter Goodfellow. 450 birds from Somali Land, collected by G. W. Bury. 3 nestling Geese and a nestling Swan. Presented by F. E, Blaauw, Esg. 450 birds from the Canary Islands and other localities. Presented by E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, Esq. 1000 birds from Southern China. Presented by C. B. Rickett, Esq. 430 birds from the Baro and Sobat Rivers and the White Nile, collected by Mr. Zaphiro. Presented by W. N. Macmillan, Esq. 200 birds from the Upper Chindwin River, Burma. Pre- sented by Capt. A. Mears. 374 birds from S.W. Australia, collected by G. C. Shortridge. Presented by W. E. Balston, Esq. 396 birds and eggs from Persia, collected by R. B. Woosnam. Presented by Colonel R. C. Bailward. 328 birds from Sikhim and Tibet. Presented by Capt. H. J. Walton. [1905. 12. 31, 1-328.] 248 birds and eggs from the Antarctic, Auckland Islands, Macquarie Island and S. Trinidad:>Island. Collected by the ship Discovery during the National Antarctic Expedition. 32 birds, collected by the relief ship Morning during the National Antaretic Expedition. 1952 birds from Cape Colony, Zulu Land and E. Transvaal, collected by H. ©. B. Grant. Presented by ©. D. Rudd, Esq. ÄLPHABETICAL LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL DONORS, COLLECTORS AND ÄGENTS, FROM WHOM THE SPECIMENS OF BiRDS IN THE Brırtıst MUSEUM HAVE BEEN RECEIVED. Edward VII. (His Majesty, King). A specimen of Reeve’s Pheasant from Norfolk. Presented. [90. 3. 16, 1.] Two specimens of the Little Auk (Alle alle) picked up dead at Sandringham. Presented. [95. 6. 12,1, 2.] Abadie (Capt. G. FAnsHaweE), 0.M.@. 31 birds from Upper Nigeria. Presented. [1900. 8. 4, 1-31.] Capt. Abadie was a son of General Abadie, himself a keen student of Natural History. His official duties prevented Capt. Abadie from making large collections, but this small series from the Nigerian Sudan was of distinet interest, especially the eggs of the Östrich (Struthio camelus). His early death in Upper Nigeria in 1901 can never be too much regretted. Abrahams (J.). 2 Weaver-finches (Munia ferruginea, var.), cage birds. Presented. [1904. 5. 9, 1-2.] Adams (Dr. A. Leıtn). 33 birds from “ N.E. Africa” (i.e. Egypt and Nubia). [64. 3. 30, 1-33.] An active collector in the middle of the nineteenth century, and a great friend of the late Sir William Jardine, to whom his early collections were sent. He was a good observer, as is shown by his papers on the birds of Kashmir and Ladak (P.Z.S., 1859, pp. 169-190, with a coloured plate of Montifringilla adamsi), and especially by his short essay on the birds noticed by him in Egypt and Nubia (“ Ibis,” 1864, pp. 233-243). Adeane (Harry R. A.). A specimen of Coceyzus americanus, shot on Colonsay Island, Argyll- shire. Presented. [190#. 11. 28, 1.] Admiralty, The Lords of the. By the Admiralty have been presented the collections made by various exploring expeditions fitted out by Great Britain. In recent years the co-operation of the Royal Society has been sought, and many eolleetions have been presented through the latter medium. The results of the earlier Antarctic Expeditions seem to have reached the Museum through the Admiralty, and the various collections are noticed under their special headings. [See Antaretic Expedition; Voyazes of H.M.SS. Alert and Discovery, Challenger, Erebus and Terror, Flying Fish, Herald, Penguin, Plumper, and Rattlesnake.] Afghan Delimitation Commission. See AITCHISON. 296 Zoology. Aitchison (Dr. J. E. T.). 230 birds. Presented. [86. 9. 16, 1-230.] This colleetion, formed in 1884-85 by Dr. Aitch'son, the naturalist appointed to the Delimitation Commission, was fully described by me in 1889 (Trans. Linn. Soc., new series, Zoology, vol. v., part 3, pp. 66-93, pls. vi., vii.), with notes on the habits and distribution of the birds by Dr. Aitchison. Two new species, Gecinus gorei, Hargitt, and Passer yatei, Sharpe, were described and figured, as was also a beautiful new Pheasant (Phasianus principalis, Sclater). Alert, H.M.S. One of the exploring ships on Sir George Nares’ arctic voyage (1875-1876). See FEILDEN, H. W. Alexander (Lieut. Boyp), Rifle Brigade. 17 specimens from the Cape Verde Islands. [97. 7. 30, 1-17.] 95 specimens from Zambesia. [1900. 5. 26, 1-95.] 22 specimens from Fernando Po. [1903. 2. 14, 1-22.] One of the most energetic and capable traveller-naturalists of the present day. His first expedition was to the Cape Verde Archipelago, where he discovered some new species (see “Ibis,” 1898, pp. 74-114, 2717-85). He presented seventeen specimens to the Museum, adding to our collection two species, Spizocorys raze and Pufinus edwardsi. [97. 7. 30. 1-17.) He next made a large collection of birds on the Zambesi ; this was described by him in the “ Ibis” for 1900 (pp. 71-109, _ 424-458, pl. i.). On this occasion he presented 95 specimens to the Museum. Passing through the Ashanti campaign, he did not neglect his scientific pursuits when the fishting was over, and he made considerable collections of birds in the forests and in the hinterland of the Gold Coast. 1100 skins of birds were obtained on this trip, and the collection was described by him in the “Ibis” for 1902 (pp. 278-333, 335-377, pls. vii.-ix.); and he has presented to the Museum 95 specimens from this expedition. Obtaining leave from the War Office, he next visited the Island of Fernando Po, and having organised a supply of native carriers from the Gold Coast, he cut his way throush the virgin forests of the island, and attained an altitude of 10,800 feet. The result of this plucky achievement was the discovery of no less than 39 species of birds. Lieut. Alexander has presented to the Museum 22 specimens from his last expedition, adding thereby 17 species which were not before represented in the National Collection. Alexander (Sir J. E.). 22 birds from Damara Land. Presented. [38. 4. 16, 1, 89-110.] Captain (alterwards Sir) James Edward Alexander was one of the early pioneers of travel in Damara Land, and his journey is described in his little work, “ An Expedition of Discovery into the interior of Africa” (2 vols. 8vo., 1838). For this expedition he was knisghted (Dict. Nat. Biogr. Suppl. vol. i. p. 31). The new species of birds were named by Mr. G. R. Waterhouse, and consisted of a new Rock Thrush (Petrocinela brevipes), a new Francolin (Francolinus adspersus), and a new furm of Fiycatcher (Lanioturdus torquatus). The register is marked by Dr. J. E. Gray as “ Purchased at Stevens’s Sale Rooms chiefiy from Captain Alexander’s collection.” The above-mentioned types do not seem to have been acquired, and doubtless went into the Zoological Society’s Museum. Birds. 297 Anderson (A.). Made valuable collections of birds in the N.W. Provinces of India. After his death, the collections were purchased by Mr. Henry Seebohm, who exchanged away a good many specimens, but a fair number were contained in the Seebohm Bequest. Anderson (Dr. Jonn). 200 birds collected during the Expedition through Burma towards Yun-nan in 1867, 1875-6. [1876. 4. 7, 1-200.] These collections were described by Dr. Anderson in his large work (2 vols. 4to) entitled “ Anatomical and Zoological Researches, comprising an Account of the Zoological Results of the two Expeditions to Western Yun-nan in 1868 and 1875.” The first set of specimens went to the Calcutta Museum, of which he was then Director, and the second set of 200 birds passed into the hands of the British Museum, which had up to that time no extensive series from Burma: 13 species were new to the collection, and there were three co-types of new species described by Dr. Anderson. Andersson (C. J.). [1827-1867.] See BARTLETT, A. D.; SHARPE, R. BOwDLER; STEVENS, S. Swedish naturalist, born in Wermeland in 1827. Joined Galton’s expedition to Damara Land in 1850. His collections were sent to Mr. A.’D. Bartlett, afterwards Superintendent of the Zoological Gardens, but at that time a dealer in natural history objects. Many of the birds obtained on this first expedition were dispersed before any catalogue of them was made, and a portion of this collection was purchased by Mr. G. A. Frank, the well-known dealer of Amsterdam; but about 100 specimens passed into the hands of Mr. H. E. Strickland, and are now in the Cambridge Museum. Dr. P. L. Sclater, who commenced his zoological career under the agis of Strickland, joined the latter in a description of this remnant of Andersson’s first consignment. A memoir, which was entitled a “List of a Collection of Birds procured by C. J. Andersson in the Damara country, with notes,” was published in Jardine’s “Contributions to Ornithology ” for 1852, and the fullowing new species were described :— Caprimulgus damarensis (=(. rufigena, Smith), ef. Hartert, Cat. xvii. p- 532; Platystira albicauda (= Lanioturdus torquatus), cf. Sharpe, Cat. iv. p. 237; Enneoctonus anderssoni (=L. collusio) Grant, Nov. Zool. ix., p. 484; Erythropygia galtoni (= Saxicola familiaris, Steph.), cf. Sharpe, Handl. iv. p. 175; Drymeca flavida (= kuprinodes flavidus) ef. Sharpe, Handl. iv. p. 224; Sphenzacus pyenopygius (= Chzxtops pyenopygius), «f. Sharpe, Hanil. iv. p. 5; Spreo bispecularis (= Lamprocolius bispecularis), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xiii. p. 181; Alauda erythrochlamys (= Ammomanes erythrochlamys), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xiii. p. 648; Alauda spleniata (= Teph- rocorys spleniata), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xiii. p. 563; Alauda nevia (= Mirafra nzvia), cf. Sharpe, £.c. p. 617; Nectarinia anderssoni (= Cinnyris leucogaster), cf. Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 39; Haleyın damarensis (= !. chelicuti, Stanl.), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xvii. p. 239; Campotliera capricorni ; Charadrius damarensis (= Octhodromus asiaticus), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xxiv. p- 230; Charadrius palliaus (= Egialitis p«llida), ef. Sharpe, £.c. p. 284; Fun balenırum (=Sterna balenarum), cf. Saunders, Cat. xxv. PT. Andersson made several expeditions to Damara Land, discovered the Okavango River, and penetrated to Lake N’gami and the Cunene 298 Zoology. River, making large collections of birds. He also obtained a con- siderable number of specimens during his visits to Cape Town and in the Knysna district. 'T’hese collectivns were sent to Mr. Stevens, the celebrated London agent, and after his retirement to Mr. Hissins in Bloomsbury Street. T'he late Mr. John Henry Gurney, who was a close friend of Andersson’s for many years, editing and publishing the post- humous “Birds of Damara Land” from the MSN. left by the traveller, secured the majority of the Birds of Prey from the latter’s collections for the Norwich Museum. The Wading-birds were in the same manner purchased by Mr. J. Edmund Harting, who was working out the Limicole, and possessed a fine collection of these birds, which was alterwards acquired by the late Mr. Henry Seebohm. Andersson’s specimens of Limicolz have, therefore, passed by the bequest of that gentleman into the British Museum. A few specimens were purchased from Andersson’s agents for the Museum, and by myself before I entered the service of the Trustees. The latter are duly recorded in the “Catalogue” of African Passeres in my collection (1871), and are now in the Museum. Before Mr. Higgins retired from business, to settle in Tasmania, he came across a considerable collection of birds, from Andersson’s later travels, stowed away in a box. These I purchased and presented to the Museum, which now possesses a fairly complete series representing Andersson’s indefatigable labours. In his later years he became a trader, and settled at Otjimbinque, being ultimately wounded in a fight between the Namaquas and Damaras, having espoused the cause of the latter, with whom he lived. His knee was shattered by a bullet, and he was crippled ever afterwards, finally succumbing from the effects of this wound and the terrible privations he‘ had undergone during his expeditions through the deserts of South West Africa. I have named some species of birds after him, since his death, but he is best known to omithologists by the wonderful Bird of Prey called Andersson’s Pern, Macherhamphus anderssoni (Gurney), a night- fiying bat-eating Hawk, the representative in Africa of a genus before supposed to be confined to the Indian region and the Papuan sub-region. Andrews (C. W.), D.Se., Assistant in the Department of Geology, British Museum. Dr. Andrews was sent by Sir John Murray, with the permission of the Trustees, to study the natural history of Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean. The results of his stay there and a full account of the collectious made by him have been published by the Truste«s in the “ Monograph of Christmas Island.” [See MURRAY, Sir Jous.] [1898. 9. 16, 1-88; 1898. 9. 27, 1-18; 1899. 5. 1, 6-11.) During his geological explorations in Egypt Dr. Andrews has found time to colleet a few birds, sending 20 specimens from Helouan in 1902. [1902. 10. 9, 1-20.] Andrews (H. D.). 26 birds from Argentina. Presented. [1901. 2. 10, 1-26). Annandale (Nerson) and Robinson (H. C.). See - Ansell (H. F.). 106 birds from Gaboon. [73. 9.10, 1-8; 73.12. 26, 1-11; 74. 2. 16, 1-28 ; 74. 2. 17, 1-11; 74. 2. 20, 1-24; 74. 9. 11, 1-13; 74. 10. 1, 214 Birds. 299 Mr. Ansell was a personal friend of my own, whom I requested to send any specimens of birds he might be able to procure. He was a merchant on the River Danger or Ozowe, in Gaboon, and was first introduced to me by Mr. J. J. Monteiro. In the years 1873-1874 the Museum received seven small consignments from him, comprising 106 specimens. He managed to obtain several rare species, one being a remarkable Lark- heeled Cuckoo (Centropus anselli, Sharpe), and an interesting Bush-Shrike (Dryoscopus lühderi, Reichenow), which had been procured about the same time by Dr. Lühder in the Camaroons, and described by Dr. Reichenow a few weeks before my description of Dryoscopus ruficeps, of which the type was sent by Mr. Ansell, appeared. Ansorge (Dr. W. J.). 26 specimens from Uganda. Purchased. [96. 7. 14, 1-26.] 232 specimens from Benguela. Purchased. [1905. 11. 22, 1-232.] Dr. Ansorge is an excellent naturalist, and his collections from Equa- torial Africa and Angola are in the Hon. Walter Rothschild’s Museum at Trng. He has sent some large collections from Benguela to the British Museum. (See his book “ Under the African Sun,” 18 .) Anstey (Lieut.). 33 birds from Kingwilliamstown, S. E. Africa. Presented. [77.8.1, 1-33.] This was the only collection received from this gallant young oflcer, who was associated with Major Trevelyan in his efforis to procure specimens of natural history for the British Museum. A year after the receipt of the above collection, Lieut. Anstey was killed at the battle of Isandhlwana. Antarctie Expedition. See ADMIRALTY (LORDS OF THE); ROYAL SocIETY. The first collections were received through the Council of the Royal Society. 78 specimens from Kerguelen Land. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. [41. 4, 743-791.] 119 specimens from the Antarctic Ocean, New Zealand, Auckland Islands, T’asmania, Campbell Island, St. Paul’s Rocks, etc. [42. 12. 16, 1-119.] Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. Several “duplicates ” were “ returned,” presumably to Dr. McCormick. 224 specimens from the Falkland Islands, Antarctice pack-ice, New Zealand, etc. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. [44. 1. 18, 1-218; 44. 3. 20, 1-6.] No detailed memoir of the birds procured during the Antarectic expedition of the Zrebus and Terror was published at the time of its return, but many species were mentioned in the early Museum Catalogues. Sir Joseph Hooker was naturalist to the expedition, and the doetors on board the two ships were also good collectors and observers, viz., Dr. McCormick, Dr. Robertson, and Dr. Lyall. Dr. McCormick’s excellent notes appeared in Gould’s “Birds of Australia” and “ Haud- book”; and shortly before his death, which only took place a few years ago, the old veteran, who had accompanied Ross on both his Polar voyages, wrote his memoirs.* The “Zool:gy of the Voyaze of the Erebus and Terror” gives an account of the birds of New Zealand. It was published in 1844 and * “ Voyages of Discovery in the Arctie and Antarctie Seas.” 2 vols. 8vo. 1884. 300 Zoology. 1845. Tlirty-five coloured plates accompanied the memoir, but some of them are not referred to in the letterpress. These plates seem to me to have heen drawn by D. W. Mitchell, who was about that date engaged with G. R. Gray in illustrating the “ Genera of Birds.” Some few are by Wolf. When the “ Appendix” was published in 1875 I re-wrote the list of the “ Birds of New Zealand” and brousht the subject up to date, and was also able to issue some fine plates of Antaretice species. These Dr. J. E. Gray had apparently intended to publish, and they had remained in his room for many years, until Mr. E. W. Janson bought the stock and published the “ Appendix.” Antarctic Expedition, British. See NEWNES, SIR GEORGE. Antarctie Expedition Committee of the Royal Geo- graphical Society and the Royal Society. 27 birds and eggs from S. Trinidad Island, including the type of Bstralata wilsoni, collected by Dr. E. A. Wilson, of the Discovery. [1905. 12. 30, 130-156.] 78 birds from Macgnarie Island, Auckland Islands and Antarctie Ocean. [1905. 12. 30, 157-234.] 124 birds and eggs, including those of the Emperor Penguin, from Vietoria Land and other parts of the Antarctic continent, collected by Dr. E. A. Wilson. [1905. 12. 30, 235-358, 393-412.] 33 birds from the Antarctic Seas and Victoria Land, collected by Dr. G. A. Davidson on the relief ship Morniny. Anthony (A. W.). 61 specimens of birds and eggs, mostly from the Revillagigedo Islands. Presented. [97. 11. 10, 1-61.] This young American naturalist has done veıy important work among the birds of the Pacific coast of North America, and especially in California and the islands which lie to the south of this portion of the continent. Aplin (OLıver V.). 218 birds and eggs from Uruguay. Purchased. [97. 12. 2, 1-218.] This collection is described by Mr. Aplin in his paper on the “ Birds of Uruguay ” in the “ Ibis” for 1894 (jp. 149-215, pl. v., eggs), and from the excellence of the author’s field-notes on the species observed by him, the collection was of considerable value. Argent ( ): 38 specimens from North America. Purchased. [43. 7. 20, 1-38.] IO0E, „ Italy 7 [43. 12. 1, 1-16.] 24 „u » Mexico 5; [43. 12. 19, 1-29.] Type of Ohrysotis finschi (Sel.). 6 » Mexico n [44. 4. 1, 12-47.] 2 » » Shetland Isles 55 [44. 4. 10. 1-2.] 14: 055 „» Cape Colony a [44. 10. 19, 60-73.] dar? >55 » Bouotä : [45. 2. 19, 1-15.] u 5 „ Africa 5 [45. 3. 27, 1-11.] ee »„ Natal 7 [45. 6. 24, 1-19.] 20 » Australia P [45 11. 17, 2-21.] 0 » Brazil R [45. 11. 19, 1-30.] TE » Mexico h [46. 1. 16, 1008 Birds. sol 3 specimens from Europe Purchased. [46. 5. 29, 1-8.] 8 > „» Australia 5 [46. 6. 5, 1-8.] 20» » Mexico F [47. 2. 26, 1-20.] 1 » Mexico > [47. 3. 10, 1-14.] 2 „ „ India s. 48. 8. 3, 1-22.] 24 > » N. W. America s [45. 6. 3, 1-24. ] ZA , „ India 5 [49. 1. 15, 1-24.] 53 n » West Africa r [50. 11. 18, 1-53. ] 7 Meinidad ä (52.2.3, 1-11] The type of @lobicera rubricera (Gray). [52. 5. 14, 1.] 14 specimens from South America » [52. 11. 27, 1-14. ] 12 > » South America > [54. 2. 2, 1-12.] 57° „» Boguta A [54. 4. 6, 1-57.] 504 Most of these specimens, from the vagueness of their locality, have been passed into the duplicates aud given away to other museums, only those of historical interest being retained. Argent was a dealer in natural history objects, but was unknown to me personally. His place of business was in Bishopsgate Street, so Mr. Gerrard, sen., tells me, and he was a great collector of tortoises and reptiles, many of which were bought by Dr. J. E. Gray. The rı gisters enumerate 500 specimens of birds as purchased from Argent, but the localities were not very precise, though they were con- sidered good enough for the days in whıch he flourished. Ihus we read of “North America” in the first purchase made in July 1843, and he continued to suppiy specimens until April 1854, when the registers know his name for the last time. In 1845 the first examples (15) from Bogotä are recorded, and in 1854 the Museum bought 57 specimens from the same place. 'Ihese were the commencement of that endless stream of Bogotä birds, now to bereckoned by millions, which have steadily come to Europe as articles of trade down to the present day. 'TI’hese skins are prepared by Indians in a somewhat rough manner, and are easily recog- nised by their “make.” The locality is worthless, as the hunters in the present day have to go some considerable distance into the different valleys to obtain a supply of skins for millınery purposes, so that Bogotä is synonymous for a very large area. ‘The first paper on the birds of Bogotä was published by Dr. Sclater in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological Society for 1855, and the collections in the Museum formed the foundation of the paper which he wrote at this time (p. 132). Argyli (H.@. the late Duke of), K.@. 7 specimens from Sieily. Presented. [97. 10. 30, 1-7.] This is apparently the only donation which the late Duke of Argyle made to the collection of Birds; but he was an accomplished ornithologist, aud, like the present Duke, an occasional vısitor to the Bird room, Arsyll (H.@. the Duke of) K.T. 3 Gannets from Argylishire. [98. 4. 12, 1-3.] Armitage (Miss). 24 birds from British Guiana. Presented. [1904. 9. 9, 1-24.] Arnot (Capt. G. H.). 28 spceeiniens from Demerara. Pıesented. [1900. 8. 31, 1-28.] 302 Zoology. Arrigoni degli Oddi (Count E.). 100 specimens of Italian Birds. Presented. [99. 8. 12, 1-100.] Count Arrigoni degli Oddi is one of the most serious students of Palsarctic ornitholoey of the present day, and his great work, “ Atlante Ornitologico ; Uccelli Europei con notizie d’Indole generale et particolare,” published in 1902 (pp. 166, xxvi., 568, tav. 1.-L.), is a monumental volume which deals with the omithology of the Western Palwarctie Region in a wor derfully complete manner, at once scientific and popular. Ashmore (G.P.). 21 birds from High Peru. Presented. [99. 10. 3, 1-21.] Aubinn (Sr. Tnomas Davıip). A native collector on the Gold Coast, whu obtained many rare species for Governor Ussher, and also sent collections to the Museum. Austen (E. E.). See CAMBRIDGE (F. O. PıcKkARD). 20 birds from the River Amazon. [96. 5. 12, 1-20.] Mr. Austen, who is in charge of the section of “Diptera” in the Zoological Department, has made expeditions to tlıe River Anıazon and to Sierra Leone, by the permission of the Trustces. On the former occasion he and his companion Mr. Pickard Cambridge obtained a small series of birds. Australian Museum (Sydney, N.S.W., Professor RoBERT ETHERIDGE, Director). 30 birds from various parts of Australia. Presentel. [77. 11. 15, 1-30.] 107 birds from Australia. In exchange. [83. 12. 18, 1-107.] This last collection formed part of the mounted series in the Aus- tralian Court at the International Fisheries Exhibition. 38 birds fiom N.E. Queensland. Presented. [90. 9. 19, 1-38.] Several species were new to the Museum, Collyriocinela bowert, Eopsaltria chrysorthoa, Heteromyias cinereifrous, etc. Ayres (Tnomas). 33 birds from Natal. [59. 5. 16, 1-33.] Many birds from Mr. Ayres’ first collection came to the British Museum ; the ezgs, obtained at the same time, passed into the hands of Messrs. Salvin and Godman, and are also in the Museum. The Accipitres obtained by Mr. Ayres were retained by Mr. John Henry Gurney, who was then forming the famous series for which the Norwich Museum is so celebrated. Mr. Gurney presented many specimens tothe Museum at King’s Lynn, for which town he was then M.P., and described the whole collection in the “Ibis” for 1859, together with notes made on the birds sent to Europe by Dr.Gueinzius. Many of th«se latter had been purchased by the Museum through Mr. Samuel Stevens. Between 1859 and 1873 Mr. Gurney published no less than eleven lists of the birds sent by Mr. Ayres* from Natal. When the latter moved into the Transvaal, he settled at Potchefstroom and continued his collecting, the papers being written by himself, with * Of. Ayres, Ibis, 1869, pp. 286-303; 1871, pp. 147-157, 253-270, pl. 9; 1873, pp. 280-287; 1874, pp. 101-107, pl. 3; 1876, pp. 422-433; 1877, pp: 339-354; 1878, pp. 281-301, 406-411; 1879, pp. 285-300, 389-405 ; 1880, pp: 99-112, 257-273. Birds. 303 eritical notes by Mr. Gurney. Thirteen in all were published by Mr. Ayres, who in 1881 accompaunied the late Mr. J. S. Jameson on his expedition to Mashonaland, and wrote the field-notes on the birds obtained in this country, at that time an untrodden ground for the naturalist. Mr. Ayres’ notes on the habits of South African birds are some of the most interestinz contributions ever made by an ornithologist, and as an estimate of his integrity as a man, it is only necessary to state that he was allowed to remain in peace at Potchefstroom through both the Boer wars. C(/. Gurney, “Ibis,” 1859, pp. 234-252, pl. 7; 1860, pp- 203-221; 1861, pp. 128-136; 1862, pp. 25-89, pl. 3, 149-158, pls. 4-5; 1863, pp. 320-330, pls. 8, 9; 18564, pp. 346-361; 1865, pp. 263- 276; 1868, pp. 40-52, pl. 2, 460-471, pl. 10; 1873, pp. 254-259. Many of Mr. Ayres’ specimens have reached the Museum through the acquisition of Capt. Shelley’s and my own collections of African birds, and they are remarkable for their fine preservation. After the death of Mr. Gurney, his son John Henry Gurney divided the remaining series bequeathed to him by bis father between the British Museum and his old friend, Canon Tristram. See GURNEY, J. H.; JaMmESsoN, J. S. Ayres (T. L.). Son of the foregoine, and an excellent colleetor. Many of his specimens were in the Shelley and Seebohm Collections, and for some time he occupied himself in procuring a series of birds, in moult, for my especial study ; these I gave to the Museum. Ayscoush (Capt. R. F.), H.M.S. Ring-dove. 4 speeimens from Campbell Island, etc., including the type of Ocydromus scotti, Grant, Bull. B.O.C., xv., p. 78 (1905). Baber (Rev. H. H.). 144 specimens from Madras. Presented. [43. 10. 25, 1-144.] ] have never been able to discover whether Mr. Baber was a missionary or an army chaplain. His skins were of the usual Madras or “ Coorg” make, with a paper band round their bodies. 'T'he collection must have been of great service to the Museum in 1843, as at that time we possessed scarcely any specimens of Indian birds. Baikie (Dr.). 23 specimens from Nigeria. Presented. [62. 6. 30, 12-34.] Cf. Mr. Oldfield Thomas’s Report on Mammalian Collections (antea, p. ). Bailey (Col. the Hon. J. H. R.). 2 specimens of the Common Magpie from Brecon. Presented. [1904. 6. 8, 2-3.] Bailward (W. A.). 31 speeimens from Taviuni Island, Fiji Archipelago. Presented. [84. 7. 9, 1-16; 86. 7. 10, 1-15.] Mr. Bailward, on two occasions, presented small collections of birds from the island of Taviuni, aud among them were specimens of Chrysanas vietor, Lamprolia victoriz, and its nest and eggs. Bailward (Colonel R. C.). 396 birds from Persia. Presented. [1905. 12. 27, 1-396.] 5) 304 Zoology. Colonel Bailward served in the Royal Artillery from 1874 to 1905, He visited Persia in 1886, and again in 1889. In 1904 he made another expedition into Persia, taking with him Mr. R. B. Woosnam, who made an excellent collection ot birds, which Colonel Bailward has presented to the Museum. Baker (E. ©. StuArr). 22 specimens of eggs from Cachar. Presented. [1902. 8. 23, 1-22.] 87 specimens of eggs from Cachar. Purchased. [1902. 11. 6, 1-79; 1902. 11. 21, 1-8.] Mr. Stuart Baker is one of the best-known Indian ornithologists of the present day, and has contributed some important articles on the birds of Assam and Cachar to the “ Journal” of the Bombay Natural History Society and to the “Ibis.” Nearly all the specimens received from him were eggs previously unrepresented in the Museum collection. Baker (Joseph). 114 specimens of young British birds. [39. 8. 3, 1-114.] 73 birds from Cambridgeshire. [40. 6. 23, 5-22; 40. 6. 24, 48-67; 41. 6, 1672-1696 ; 44.1.1, 2-3; 44.1. 2, 1-6.] 292 birds from England. [49. 12. 24, 2-174; 50. 2. 19, 1-55; 50. 8. 13, 1-57; 50. 8. 21, 1-13; 50. 11. 5, 8-51.] 66 nests of British birds with eggs. [51. 2. 11, 1-28; 51. 11. 25, 1-38.] 15 virds from England. [54. 1. 31, 1-15.] Joseph Baker was born at Melbourne, Cambridgeshire, and worked for some time for Mr. Gould. Under the direction of the latter the big. Giraffe which adorned the Mammal Gallery in the old British Museum was mounted by Joseph Baker, and Mr. Edward Gerrard, sen., lent a hand in completinpg the work, which was considered a big undertaking in those days. After leaving Mr. Gould, Baker had his workshops in Cardington Street, where my fiiends the Gerrards, father and son (to whom I am indebted for much information about the naturalists of the middle of the last century), used to visit him. Towards the end of the forties a determined effort was made by Dr. John Edward Gray to improve the exhibition series of British birds in the public galleries at Bloomsbury, and the task of procuring the specimens was given to Joseph Baker, who collected most of them near his home at Melbourne, where he spent his holidays. 'T’he birds were well mounted by him, but in the conventional attitudes of the period, and most of them have been transferred to other Museums, or replaced by more naturally stuffed examples. For many years Baker was employed by Mr. George Robert Gray in mounting birds for the galleries, and as at that time it was considered to be the röle of a Museum to mount everything, without consideration as to its value, the exhibition series was alone thought of, and priceless specimens were recklessly mounted, with the result that types aud other valuable specimens were exposed to the light and dust of the public galleries, where they were very soon bleached out of all recognition. When I was appointed in 1872, one of my first cares was to unmount and remove from the galleries all specimens of historical value. In many instances this interposition came too late, and irretrievable damage had been done. It will hardly be credited that I have found as many as eleven specimens of an Eagle, allin the same plumage, and all from the same place, mounted in a row on stands, and in one instance the bird had lost u NER N Te UN Birds. 305 a leg, and the limb had been replaced by a wire prop. In other instances the wings had been removed and stuck on again with glue. Such were the methods of the Museum taxidermy fifty years ago. Baker (Sir SAmuEL). 25 specimens from Egypt and the White Nile. Presented. [74. 6. 5, 5-29.] Balfour (I. Bayıey). 66 specimens from Sokotra. Presented by the British Association. [81. 3. 21, 1-66.] Prof. Bayley Balfour, under the auspices of the British Association, made a scientific expedition to the island of Sokotra, and obtained a very interesting series of birds, as the island had not before been visited by a naturalist. Prof. Balfour’s work was largely botanical, and his bird- skins were obtained during his journeys in search of plants. The ornithological collection was described by Dr. Sclater and Dr. Hartlaub (Proc. Zool. Soc., 1881, pp. 165-175, pls. xv.-xvii.), and seven new species were described, the types of which are in the Museum, viz., (isticola incana, Drymeeca hzsitata, Lanius uneinatus, Cinnyris balfouri, Passer insularis, Rhynchostruthus socotranus, Amydrus frater. The duplicates passed into Capt. Shelley’s collection, and have come with the latter into the hands of the Trustees, so that the entire series obtained by Prof. Balfour is now in the National Collection. See also BRITISH AsSoCIATION; ÜGILVIE-GRANT, W. R.; FoRBEs, Drat near Godalming. In this Palaaretie collection were likewise all the specimens obtained by Dr. F. D. Godman and Mr. Percy Godman in the Azores, including the types of Pyrrhula murina (cf. “Ibis,” 1866, pp. 88, 109; also Dr. Godman’s work, “The Azores,” 1870), as well as the series of birds obtained in Madeira and the ÜOanaries, with the types of the new Pigeon discovered by Dr. Gudman and named by him Columba bollei (cf. his paper, “Notes on the Resident and Mieratory Birds of Madeira and the Canaries,” “Ibis,” 1872, pp. 156-177, 209-224). 3 young specimens of the Australian Cassowary ((asuarius australis). Presented. [80. 3. 24, 1-3.] T'hese formed part of the Cockerell Collection, which was presented in the next year. 1394 specimens from various parts of Australia. Presented. [81.11.7, 1-1315 ; 81. 13. 7, 1-38; 81. 12. 9, 1—41.] This was the celebrated Cockerell Ovllectioa. It was supposed to eontain several new species, but these invariably turued out to be well- known forms from the Aru Islands, where Mr. Cockerell was said to have been engaged in the pearl-fisheries. Whether this fiasco was due to the representations of the collector himself or to his asent in England will never be known, but the result was that the collection, badly labelled in the first place, was purchased by Dr. Godman under the idea that it contained several undescribed species of Australian birds, whereas there was not a single new species to be described. "The preser- vation of the skins was excellent, and to the Museum, possessed of but few Australian birds, its worth was inestimable. Most of the specimens were undoubtedly from the neishbourhood of Brisbane and from Cape York. 22 specimens from S.E. New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. Goldie. [83. 4. 4, 1-22.] Contained the types of Paradisea decora and Pachycephalopsis fortis. 6 specimers of birds from South America. Presented. [83.4. 21, 1-6.] These were Vireonidz presented for the purposes of the eıgbth volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” 'T'wo species, Vireo gundlachi and Hylophilus muscicapinus, were new to the collection. 3191 eges. Presented. [84. 9. 2, 1-826; 85. 1. 1, 827-2162; 85. 4. 20, 2163-3191. ] This collection is a model one for all oologists. The volumes which accompany the donation contain the records of the various expeditions, donations, and exchanges by which the collection was built up, and they show the absolutely exact method adopted by the British school of ornithologists in their early collectig days. Tinis method was inaugurated by John Wolley aud Professor Newton, and can best be studied in the two volumes of the “Ootheca Wolleyana,” written by the last-named naturalist. The above collection, presented jointly by Dr. F. D. Godman and Mr. Ösbert Salvin, must always remain of great historical interest to British ornithologists, as it contains the eges collected by them in their young days, when it was possible to obtain the eggs of Emberiza eirlus, Dendro- 366 Zoology. copus major, and Geeinus viridis at Hampstead and Finchley in places long since built over. 52120 specimens of Nearctic and Neotropical birds. Presented. In the year 1885 Dr. Godman and Mr. Salvin decided to present their wonderful collection of Neotrojical birds to the nation. The first instal- ments were receivet in January of that year, and during my absence in India the registration and incorporation of this great collection were superintended by Mr. Osbert Salvin. Separate registers for the collection were provided, to which reference is made below. (1) 669 specimens of Turdidz and Mimidz (T’hrushes and Mocking- birds). (8. G. Rex., Vol. I., pp. 1-13.) [85. 3. 2, 1-669.] 10 types and 13 species new to the Muserm. (2) 517 specimens of Paridz and Troglodytide (Tits and Wrens). (S. G. Reg, Vol. I., pp. 14-23.) [85.3. 6, 1-517.] 18 typ-s and 16 species new to the Museum. (3) 890 specimens of Motacillide and Mniotiltide (Wastails, Pipits, and American Warblers). (S.G. Reg., Vol. I., pp. 25-42.) [85. 3. 8, 1-890.] 15 types and 15 species new to the Museum. (4) 285 specimens of Vireonid® and Laniide (Greenlets and Shrikes). (S. G. Reg., Vol. I., pp. 43-48.) [85. 3. 10, 1-285.] 7 types and 20 species new to the Museum. (5) 713 specimens of Ampelide, Hirundinide, and Cerebide (Wax- wings, Swallows, and American Creepers). (8. G. Reg., Vol. I, pp. 50-64.) [85. 3. 20, 1-40; 85. 3. 24, 1-209; 85. 4. 1, 1-364.] 4 types and 4 species new to the Museum. (6) 1814 specimens of Tanagride (Tanagers). (S. G. Reg., Vol. I, pp- 66-104.) [85. 6. 4, 1-653; 85. 6. 7, 1-717; 85. 6. 8, 1-454.] 4] types and 48 species near to the Museum. (7) 2088 specimens of Icteride and Fringillide (Hang-nests and Finches). (S. G. Reg., Vol. I., pp. 107-120, 122-148.) [85.11. 2, 1-694; 85. 12. 14, 1-1394.] 19 types and 19 species new to the Museum. (8) 1073 specimens from the islands off the coast of Yucatan and Hon«turas (Cozumel, Jolbox, Ruatan, Meco, and Bonacca). (S. G. Reg,, Vol. L, pp. 153-173.) [86. 9. 9, 1-1073.] 2 types and 3 species new to the Museum. Thiscollection was formed - by Dr. G. F. Gaumer, and was an exceedingly interesting one (cf. Salvin, “Ibis,” 1888, pp. 241-265; 1889, pp. 359-379 ; 1890, pp. 84-95; Salvin and Godman, “ Biologia Centrali-Americana, Aves.”) A small collection from Cozumel, formed by Mr. E. C. J. De Vis, had been previously described by Mr. Salvin (“ Ibis,” 1885, pp. 185-194, pl. v.), when several new species were named. '[’'hese, however, were anticipated by Mr. Ridgway in bis description of the collection made during the voyage of the U.S. ship “ Albatros” (P. U.S. Nat. Mus., VIII. p. 560, 1885). (9) 186 specimens of Corvide (Crows, Jays, etc.). (S. G. Reg,, Vol. I., pp. 176-179.) [87. 3. 9, 1-186.] 2 species new to the collection. (10) 2134 specimens of Trockili (Humming-Birds). (S. G. Reg,, Vol. I, pp. 82-222.) [81. 3. 22, 1-2134.] 17 types and 8 species new to the Museum. (11) 1015 specimens of Aceipitres (Birds of Prey). (S. G. Reg,, Vol. IL., pp. 1-201.) [87. 5. 1, 1-1015.] 9 types and 14 species new to the Museum. (12) The Henshaw Collection, consisting of 13,326 specimens, with 3 types and 30 species new to the Museum. re Birds. 367 This fine collection was purchased and given to the British Museum by Dr. Godman. Many American ornithologists have told me that they are glad that we have the Henshaw Collection in England, and the advantage to students of Ornithology has been simply incalculable. Before this time there could not ve said to be any collection of North American birds worthy of the name in England, but since Dr. Godman acquired the Henshaw Collection we have been able to comprehend and appreciate the work of our American colleagues in a manner before impossible, and the advantage to the writers of the “ Catalozue of Birds ” cannot be over-estimated. An act of courtesy on the part of the authorities of the United States National Museum deserves grateful recognition. Professor Ridgway was permitted to devote his time to the identification of the specimens with Mr. Henshaw, so that the collection when it arrived was found to be not only completely and neatly labelled, but the names attached to the species represented the most recent conclusions of American naturalists. "These determinations have proved to be of immense advantage to English ornithologists. Dr. Godman’s primary object in securing the Henshaw collection was to have a thoroushly authentice series of North American birds for com- parison with his series from Mexico and Central America, and to further this object he shortly afterwards purchased a set of birds from Florida, 2500 in number, collected by Mr. W. E. D. Scott. 1866 specimens of T’yrannide (Tyrant-birds). (S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp- 27-62). [88. 1.1, 1-1866.] 34 types and 107 species new to the Museum. 976 specimens of Cotingide (Chatterers). (S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp: 67-85). [88. 1. 20, 1-976.] 16 Types and 49 species new to the Musenm. 177 specimens of Procellariide (Petrels). (8. G. Reg, Vol. II., pp- 88-91). [88. 5. 15, 1-177.] 9 Types and 16 species new to the Museum. This is the collection on which Mr. Salvin’s portion of the 25th volume of the “Catalozue of Birds” was based. It was got together with an idea of publishing a Monograph of the Procellariide. 325 specimens of Striges (Owls). S. G. Reg., Vol. II, pp. 9-99. [88. 7. 20, 1-325." 3 types and 6 species new to the collection. 74 specimens of Cypseli (Swifts). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 105, 104. [88. 7. 30, 1-74.] l type and 2 species new to the Museum. . 205 specimens of Caprimulgi (Night-jars). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 106-109. [88. 8. 1, 1-205.] 2 types and 1 species new to the Museum. 635 specimens of Pici (Woodpeckers). 8. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 112-124, [88. 8. 5, 1-635.] 5 types and 44 species new to the collection. 125 specimens of Momotidz (Mot-mots). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 127-129. [88. 8. 10, 1-125] l type and 2 species new to the Museum. 120 specimens of Halcyones (Kingfishers). S. G. Reg., Vol. IL, pp. 132-134. [88. 8. 16, 1-120.] l type and 1 species new to the collection. 309 specimens of Trogones (Trogons). S.G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 136-141. [88. 8. 20, 1-309.] “ 368 Zoology. 2 types and 1 species new to the Museum. 114 specimens of Galbule (Jacamars). 8. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 144-146. [88. 8. 2, 1-114.] l type and 1 species new to the Musenm. 154 specimens of Buccones (Puff-birds). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 148-151. [88. 8. 22, 1-184.] l type. 224 specimens of Ouculi (Cuckoos). 8. G. Reg., Vol. IT., pp. 153-157. [88. 8. 23, 1-224.] 2 types and 3 species new to the Museum. 71 specimens of Capitones (Barbets). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 159, 160. [88. 12. 20, 1-71.] 3 types and 2 species new to the Mnsenm. 203 specimens of Rhamphastides (Toucans). S. G. Reg., Vol. II, pp. 162-165. [89. 1. 8, 1-208.] l type and 1 species new to the Museum. 535 speeimens from Motto Grosso, collected by Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Smith. 8. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 166-176. [89. 1. 16, 1-538.] This was the second set of the birds procured by those truly wonderful colleetors Mr. Herbert Smith and Mrs. Daisy W. Smith. The collection formed the subject of a memoir by Prof. J. A. Allen in the “ Bulletin ” of the American Museum of Natural History, Vols. III., pp. 337-880; IV., pp- 331-350; V., pp. 107-158. 2 species new to the Museum. 503 specimens of Psittaci (Parrots). (S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 178- 187.) [89. 1. 30, 1-503.] 14 types and 19 species new to the Museum. 482 specimens of Columbiformes (Pigeons). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IL, pp- 189-198.) [89. 2. 12, 1-482.] 2 types and 2 species new to the Museum. This collection consisted of Pizeons of the Old World, which had been gathered together by Messrs. Salvin and Godman with a view of writing a monograph of the Columbiformes. 'T’'he working out of the “ Biologia,” however, occupied the whole time of the authors, and left no leisure for monographs, so that the collection of Pigeons was handed over to the Museum to aid Count Salvadori in writing the twenty-Ärst volume of the “ Öatalogue of Birds.” 564 Pigeons of the New World. (S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 199-209.) [89. 4. 20, 1-564.] 10 types and 21 species new to the Museum. 845 specimens of Dendrocolaptide (Spine-tails). (S. G. Reg., Vol. I., pp- 210-226.) [89. 5. 14, 1-845.] 7 types and 56 species new to the Museum. With this collection the second volume of the Salvin-Godman Registers concludes. Vol. III. is devoted to the Henshaw collection. In the early part of 1889 the supplementary collections from Mexico began to arrive in England, the result of Dr. Godman’s visit to that country in 1887. In the last-named year he made a special expedition to Mexico, in which he was joined by Mr. and Mrs. Elwes (vide antca, ), for the purpose of exploring some of the distriets on the northern frontier of the Neotropical region. Berides working very hard himself, he ensaxed the services of several other good collectors, among the number being Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Smith, Mr. W. Lloyd, Manuel Trujilio, and Mr. W. B. Richardson. The latter was afterwards employed by Dr. Godman for nearly ten years in travelling through the various Birds. 369 mountain ranges of Central America, and not only has he explored Mexico in various directions, and visited nearly every province, but he has also collected in San Salvador, Nicaragua, Guatemala, and Honduras. Mr. W. Lloyd worked for Dr. Godman in Sunora and Chihuahua, Mr. and Mrs. Smith in Guerrero and the adjoining States, and Trujillo in Vera Cruz, while at the same time Mr. F. B. Armstrong, who made most beautiful skins, visited Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas. From this collector Dr. Godman also purchased a very fine series of birds from Texas, prineipally from the neishbourhood of Corpus Christi and Brownsville, 386 specimens of Galliformes. [89.6. 1,1-886.] (S.G. Reg., Vol. II, pp. 228-235.) 8 types and 5 species new to the Museum. Vol. IV. of the Salvin-Godman Registers is occupied with the rezistra- tion of the Salvin-Godman collection, keeping pace with the later volumes of the “Catalogue,” which contain the Rails, Herons, etc., the specimens of which groups were sent to the Museum as they were required by the authors. In this register, therefore, not only is the main collection included, but also the additional material received from the Mexican travellers. 138 specimens of Aceipitres. Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 1-3.) [89. 4. 4, 1-136.] 1025 specimens of Formicariid® (Ant-birds). (S. G: Reg., Vol. 14, pp- 6-25.) [89. 7. 10, 1-1025.] ?1 tynes and 72 species new to the Museum. 260 snecimens of Ralliformes (Rails, Coots, etc.). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp- 27-31.) [89. 4. 20, 1-260.] 6 types and 9 species new to the Museum. 413 specimens of Accipitres. 2nd Supplementary collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 35-42.) [90. 4. 28, 1-413.] 8 types and 4 species new to the Museum. 181 specimens of Striges (Owls). Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 43, 46.) [90. 5. 16, 1-181.] 442 specimens of Corwidz (Crows). Supplementary collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. 1V., pp. 47-55.) [90. 5. 30, 1-442.] 2 species new to the Museum collection. 595 specimens of Zurdide. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 56, 67.) L[90. 6. 20, 1-593.] 1 species new to the Museum collection. 1206 speeimens of Troglodytid®. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 69-92.) [90. 12. 20, 1-1206.] l type and 2 species new to the Museum. 210 specimens from various islands in th: West Indies, presented by Mr. C. B. Cory. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 94-97.) [91. 1. 25, 1-210.] 9 species new to the Musenm collection. 566 specimeus of Larid& (Gulls). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 98-101, 164-171.) [91. 5. 22, 1-162; 91. 10. 30, 1-404.] 346 skeletons of birds. (8. G. Reg., IV., pp. 102-107.) [91. 7. 20, 1-346.] 42 specimens of German birds sent by Count von Berlepsch in exchange. [91. 9. 20, 1-42.] 392 specimens of Paride (Tits, etc.). Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 108-115.) [91. 10. 10, 1-392.] 3 species new to the Museum. 1480 specimens of Charadriiformes (Wading-birds). (S. G. Reg,, Vo). IV., pp. 116-144.) [91. 10, 20, 1-1480.) voL. ı, SB 370 Zoology. 2 types and 3 species new to the Museum. 336 speeimens of Galliformes (Game-birds). (S. G. Reg., IV., pp. 145-151.) [91. 10. 21, 1-236.] 5 species new to the Museum. 525 specimens of Oolumbiformes (Pigeons). Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg, Vol. IV., pp 152-162.) [91. 10. 26, 1-525.] 628 specimens of Laniide and Vireonidz (Shrikes and Greenlets). en collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 173-185.) [91. 11. 3, 1-628. 229 specimens of Ralliformes (Rails). Supplementary collection, (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., 187-191.) [91. 11. 4, 1-229.] 1 species (Rallus scotti), new to the Museum. 254 specimens {rom the West India Islands, presented by Mr. C. B. Cory. (S. G. Reg., IV., pp. 202-206.) [92. 1. 12. 1-254.] 6 new to the Museum. 270 specimens of Troyonide (Trogons). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 193-197.) [91. 11. 10, 1-270.] 57 specimens of Certhiide (Creepers). Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 198, 199.) [92. 1. 11, 1-57.] 305 specimens from British Guiana, colleeted by Henry Whitely. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 208-213.) [92. 1. 16, 1-305.] 284 specimens of Grebes (Podicipedid®) and Divers (Colymbid). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 215-220.] [92. 1. 20, 1-284.] The type of the Flightless Grebe (Centropelma micropterum). 485 specimens of Geese and Ducks (Anseriformes). (S. G. Rge., Vol. IV., pp. 221-230.) [92. 2. 1, 1-488.] 4 types and 2 species new to the Museum. 100 specimens of Paridz (Tits). Supplementary collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. LV., pp- 232, 233.), :[92. 3..1, 1-100.] 405 Wagtails and Pipits (Motacillide), Swalluws (Hirundinidz), Chat- terers (Amgelid»). Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 235-242.) [92. 3. 20, 1-405.] 2 species new to tlıe Museum. 2494 specimens of American Warblers (Mnüotiltide). (S. G. Reg,, Vol. VI. pp. 243-289.) [90. 4. 1, 1-2454; 94. 6. 1, 1-40.] 187 specimens of Tinamous (Tinamid&). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 290-293.) [92. 6. 9, 1-187.] 5 types and 10 species new to the Museum. 956 specimens of Cranes (Gruiformes) and Herons (Ardeiformes). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 294-312.) [92. 2. 1, 1-956.] The type of Salmon’s Tiger-Bittern ( Tigrisoma salmoni). 1245 specimens of Tanagrid& from Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. Supplementary collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 317-340.) [94, 7. 1, 1-1245.] 136 specimens from British Guiana, collected by the late Henry Whitely, including the types of Hapalocercus striaticeps, Capsiempis caudota, and Todirostrum pietum (cf Salvin, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, XII, pp. xv.-xvii, 1897). (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 342-344.) [9. 11 27, 1-136.] 85 specimens of Accipitresand Striges from Mexico, ete. Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 345, 346.) [96. 5. 9, 1-85.] 480 specimens from Peru, colletted by O. T. Baron, including 15 species new to the national collection, and 12 types of species new to science (cf. Salvin, Nov. Zool., Il., pp. 1-22, pls. ı., ii., 1895). (S. G. Reg., Vol..IV., pp. 347-356.) ‘[96. 10. 6, 480.] ; om Ia ' L t k { { | { ‘ i { ‘ | Birds. al 245 specimens of Parrots from Mexico and Central America. Supple- mentary collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 364-368.) [96. 12.1, 1-245.] 200 specimens of Goatsuckers (Caprimulgide) from Texas and Mexico. Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. 1V., pp. 370-373.) [97. 2. 1, 1-260. 262 En of Cuckoos (Ouculide) from Mexico and Guatemala. Supplementary collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 375-380.) [97. 4. 1, 1-262. 510 een of Turdide, Troglodytidz, Mimide, etc., from Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. Supplementary collection. 2types of species new to science and 2 new to the Museum. (8. G. Reg., IV., pp. 381- 390.) [97. 10. 1, 1-510.] 298 specimens from the Lesser Antilles, collected by Mr. and Mrs. H.H. Smith, includinze 3 new to the national collection. (8. G. Reg., IV., pp. 411-416.) [98. 2. 8, 1-298.] 14 specimens from Colombia, etc., with 3 types and 5 new to the Museum. (S. G. Reg., IV., p. 417.) [98. 3. 12, 1-14.] 990 specimens of Woodpeckers [Picide], principally from Mexico. (S. G. Reg., IV., pp. 418-437.) [98. 3. 14, 1-990.] The type of Melanerpes canescens, Salvin. 321 specimens of various species from California, Texas, etc., received from Mr. C. K. Worthen. (S. G. Reg. IV., pp. 440-446.) [98. 7.12, 1-304; 1900. 2. 26, 1-17.] 3 species new to the Museum. Dr. F. D. Godman was born at Park Hatch, near Godalming, in Surrey, in 1834. He was educated at Eton and at Cambridge. While at the University he became acquainted with Oxbert Salvin and Professor Newton and his brother, Sir Edward Newton, and, with them and a few ‚other kindred spirits, he assisted in founding the British Ornithologists’ Union, with its journal, the “ Ibis.” Having been prevented by an aceident from joining Canon Tristram and Mr. Salvin in their expedition to Algeria in the spring of 1857, he went with his brother Percy to Bodö in northern Norway, where the travellers made a good coliection of birds and eggs, taking several nests of the Great Snipe. Crossing thence from Alten they visited John Wolley at Munioniska, where he was then living, aud, descending the 'l'ornea River to ihe Gulfof Bothnia, they afterwards visited Stockholm, St. Petersburg, Moscow and Nishni Novgorod,. before returning to England. In August, 1861, Dr. Gudman went with Mr. Salvin to Guatemala, remaiuing a month in Jamaica en route. A year was speut in Guatemala, collecting birds and insects in various parts of the country. While there they instructed some natives in the art of preserving bird-skins, and by these pupils several collections were afterwards despatched to England. The best known of these collectors was Enrique Arce, who did some excellent work in Costa Rica and Panama. Dr. Godman returned home in 1862, and in 1865 he went to the Azores, visiting the islands of St. Michael, Terceira, Fayal, Pico, Flores and Corvo, and making a good collection of birds and insects, discovering a new species of Bulltinch, Pyrrhula mur/na. In 1871 he spent three months in the Canaries, visiting Tenerife, Palma, and Gran Canaria, but, in consequence of the prevalence of small-pox, communication between the islands was difhicult. In 1886 Dr. Godman joined Mr. H. J. Elwes in an expedition to Native Sıkhim, and as in the autumn of 1887 he had to go abroad for the benefit of his health, he sıarted for Mexico, taking with him the VB 2 372 Zoology. well-known collectors, Mr. H. H. Smith and Mr. W. B. Richardson. A good series of birds was obtained, chiefly in S.E. Mexico, but after Dr. Godman’s departure, he employed a number of collectors, who explored difierent parts of Mexico, and sent home large collections. Godman (Percy). Brother of the above-mentioned F. D. Godman, and his companion on several ornithological expeditions. Godwin-Austen (Colonel H. H.). 3582 specimens from the Hills of N.E. Bengal (Naga, Miri, Dafla, Khasi, Garo Hills, and Manipur, etc.). [71. 1. 13, 1-5; 76.5. 3, 1; 76. 5. 22,2; 78. 10. 14, 1-8; 95.7. 14, 1-3329; 96. 7. 13, 1-10, 2 6. 31, 1-78; 1900. 10. 10, 1-147.] T'he results of Colonel Godwin-A usten’s explorationsin the Naga Hills and the other hill-ranges of the N.E. frontier of India have been described by him in the “Journal of the Asiatic Society of Benzal” (xxxix., pp. 91-112, 264-275, 1870; xli., pp. 142-143, 1872; xlüis pp. 151-180, pls. iv.-x., 1874). The Hume Collection contained a good series of specimens from Manipur, but had not a great many from the above-mentioned localities, so that Colonel Godwin-Austen’s series proved to be a very valuable addition to the British Museum. There were many types ol the species described by him in his Memoirs, and a series of birds supplementing the great Hume Collection. Goldie (A.). 42 birds from S. E. New Guinea. [80. 6. 23, 1-42.] 2 types (Geocichla papuensis, Seeb., Cat. B., v., p. 158, pl. x; Otidiphaps regalis, Salvin and Godman, “Ibis,” 1880, p. 364, pl. xi.), and five species new to the collection. Goldie was a botanical collector, who penetrated from Port Moresby to the Astrolabe Range in British New Guinea, where the Goldie River is named after him. Another collection was purchased from Mr. Edward Gerrard (vide antea, p. )> Gomez (Ramon). A naturalist in Tenerife. Goodfellow (WALTER). ‚See GERRARD, FE. 2 types of Helianthea hamiltoni from Ecuador. Presented. [1900. 6. 29, 1-2.] Goodwin (A.P.). 36 birds from the Richmond River, N.S. Wales. Purchased. [80. 4. 2, 1-36.] One species new to the collection. Preseuted. [97. 11. 6, 39-40.] Goodwin was a Dane, who made excellent skins of birds, and procured sever»| interesting species for the Museum. His notes on the Paradise Birds of British New Guinea were published in the “Ibis,” 1890, pp. 150-156. See also GERRARD, E. [antea, p. |]. Gordon (Sir ArtHuur H., now Lord Stanmore). 13 birds from the Fiji Islands. Presented. [85. 12. 24, 1-13.] FUEL Z SE AR Birds. 373 Gordon-Cumming (Hon. Mrs.). 10 specimens of Australian birds. Presented. [1902. 11. 16, 1-10.] Gosse (PnıLıp Henry). 159 birds Irom Jamaica. Purchased. [45. 4. 29, 1-4; 47. 6. 8, 1-21.] Types of Anas maxima, Gosse = Cairina moschata x Anas boscas, cf. Salvad., Cat. xxvii., p. 53; Eyretta ruficollis, Gosse ; Uyanopterus inornatus, Gosse = Querquedula discors (Linn.), cf. Salvad., Cat. xxvii., p. 299; Ephiultes grammieus, Gusse; Rallus concolor, Gosse; Myiobius stolidus, Gusse; Laterirallus gossei, Bp. = Porzuna flaviventris (Budd.), ef. Sharpe, Cat. xxiii., p. 110; Myiobius tristis, Gusse = Blucicus barbirostris (Swains.), cf. Sel. Cat. xiv., p. 244; Eluinea cotta, Gosse; Myiobius pallidus, Gosse ; Sylvicola pannosa, Gosse = Dendraca cwerulescens (Gm.), cf. Sharpe, Cat. x., p. 329; Sylvicola eva, Gosse; 8. pharetra, Gosse ; Hirundo euchrysea, Gosse ;, Spermophila adoxa, Gosse = Phonipara lepida (Jacq.), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xii., p. 145; Spermophila anozantha, Gosse; (oturnieulus tixierus, Gosse = Ammodromus savannarum (Gm.), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xii., p. 687. [47. 6. 9, 1; 47. 6. 16, 1-109; 47. 8. 30, 1-15; 47. 10. 11, 6-14.] Gosse’s “ Birds of Jamaica ” is still the standard work on the hirds of this island, and the specim:ns above recorded are doubiless the material on which his descriptions were founded. Unfortunately they have much deteriorated, having been mounted for many years in the British Museum Galleries at Bloomsbury, and ruined by exposure to light and dust. A good series of Jamaican Birds is a great desideratum to the Museum. Some of his birds apjear to have been sent to Hush Cuming (vide antea, p. )- (Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxii., pp. 258-260.) Gough (Earl). 6 birds from Buenos Ayres. Presented. [1904. 4. 5, 1-6.] Gould (Joun), F.R.S. 97 birds from Brazil. Presented. [37. 3. 15, 60-153, 158-160.] 38 Humming Birds. Presented. [37. 3. 6, 639-676.] 78 bırds from South Australia. Presented. [37. 4. 4, 418-495.] 126 specimens, principallv from Braziland India. Purchased. [37. 5.13, 100-211; [38. 5. 12, 103-117.] 97 birds and nests chiefly from Australia. Present«d. [38. 1. 19, 208- 229, 232-244 ; 41. 3, 540-541 ; 41. 6, 1669-1671 (Australian birds) ; 42.12. 21, 11-20 (nests of Australian birds); 43. 4. 4, 1-43 (nests of Australian birds); 43. 12. 30, 18-20 (types ot Coryphilus dryas, Gould; Halcyon saurophagus, Gould).] 100 birds from various localities, but chiefly from Tamaulipas, Eastern Mexico. 38. 5. 12, 1-100.] 25 birds from Jamaica. Presented. [44. 1. 22, 20; 44. 1. 23, 4-7; 44. 5.16, 2-21.] 280 birds and 91 esgs from Australia. Purchased. [41. 6, 990-1093, 1269-1501, 1669-1671; 44. 2. 10, 92-117.] 14 birds from South America. Purchased. [44. 12. 12, 1-14.] 55 Humming Birds. Purchased. [53. 5. 17, 1-34; 53. 11. 28, 1-21.] 149 specimens, mostly Rhamphastide (loucans). Purchased. [53. 12. 26, 1-86; 54. 5. 25, 1-12.] 39 birds from Guatemala and Brazil. Purchased. [54. 12. 20, 1-29]. 43 birds from various localities. Purchased. [55. 11.5, 1-43. ] Includes the types of Formicarius erythropterus, Monarcha leucoti 374 Zoology. Thamnophilus melanurus, Ptilotis filigera, Bourcieria fulgidigula, Ar- remon erythrorhynchus, Oinclosoma castanothorax. 113 birds from Europe and South America. Purchased. [55. 12. 17, 1-101; 56. 10. 28, 1-12.] The type of Ptilopus eugeniz (Gould), P.Z.S., 1856, p. 137 (Solomon Islands). Presented. [56. 10. 14, 15.] 90 birds from various localities. Purchased. [57. 10.16, 1-71; 57. 11. 171,,1194 4 Humming Birds. Purchased. [57. 11. 20, 1-4.] 251 birds, chiefly from South America. Purchased. [57. 11. 28, 1-251.] 127 birds from Ashanti. Purchased. [58. 1. 4, 1-127.] On this collection was founded the record of the locality “ Ashanti,” which so often occurs in Hartlaub’s “ Ornithologie West-Afrika’s,” on the authority of specimens in the British Museum, but I greatly doubt if any of them came from Ashanti proper. They seem to me to be all skins of the ordinary Fanti make, and were probably preserved by Aubimu, a professional negro hunter, who in Governor Ussher’s time, some twelve years later, was an old man, but still an active collector ; he ultimately died of small-pox. Among the speecimens thus procured from Mr. Gould were several interesting additions to the Museum collection. 40 specimens from various localıties. Purchased. [58. 3. 5, 18; 58. 6. 25, 9-38; 58. 9.7, 67. 38 birds, mostly from South America and Australia. Purchased. [58. 12. 2, 1-38.] 236 birds, nests and eggs, mostly from South America. Purchased. [59. 3. 25, 28-84 (Falkland Islands); 59. 6. 5, 2-79; 59. 6. 29, 1-86; 59. 7. 6, 1-65 (Indian eggs).] Some eggs are from Mexico, but the registering is faulty, and many have no locality at all. T'he type of Gawvia roseiventris of Gould is also included in this purchase (P.Z.S., 1859, p. 97) = Larus glaucodes, Meyer. (Cf. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 200.) - 15 nests from Epping. Presented. [59. 7. 6, 66-80.] 93 birds from various localities. Purchased. [60. 1. 16, 1-93.] 2 types, Otocorys penicillata (cf. Gould, P.Z.S., 1837, p. 126), and Ruticilla erythroprocta (cf. Gould, P.Z.S., 1855, p. 78). 92 birds from South America (chiefly Ecuador and Amazonia). Purchased. [60. 11. 26, 1-92.) 1 type (Toccus hartlaubi) and 1 (Thamnophilus corvinus) new to the Museum. 176 Humming Birds. Purchased. [61. 11. 11, 1-176.] 11 birds from South America. Purchased. [61. 11. 11, 177-187.] Ineludes the type of Chordeiles pusillus and a specimen of Moho nobilis. 10 specimens of birds and 22 eggs from various localities. Purchased. [62.6. 22, 1-32.] 3 specimens of birds and 13 sets of eggs from N.W. America. Purchased. [62. 11. 4, 1-16.] 5 specimens of birds from West Africa. Purchased. [64. 2. 7, 1-5.] Includes the type of Smithornis rufilateralis, Gray, P.Z.S., 1864, p. 143, pl. xvi. 115 sets of eggs and 105 birds from various localities. Purchased, [65. 2. 3, 1-115; 67. 3. 16, 1-105.] Among these birds were the nestlings figured by Gould in his “ Bus of Great Britain,” and several hybrid Game-birds. Bürds. 375 168 birds from various localities. Purchased. [68. 1. 27, 1-41; 69. 6. 4, 1-102 (Humming Birds); 69. 6. 9, 1-25 (Samoan biras).] In these purchases the Museum acquiret from Mr. Gould several valuable types of species which be was theı figuring in his “ Supplement ” to the “Birds of Australia,” such as Malurus hypoleucus, Gerygone personata, Cyclopsittacus coxeni, Geopsittacus occidentalis, and (acomanlis castaneiventris. = specimens, mostly Humming Birds. Purchased. [72. 5. 28, 28-77. The type of Otidiphaps nobilis is included in this purchase. 2 specimens of the Gyr-Falcon (Hierofalco gyrfalco) from Lapland and West Finmark. Presented. [72. 11-8, 1-2.] These were two of Wolley’s specimens lent for the purpose of illustration in the “Birds of Great Britain.” (Cf. Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, p. 94.) 20 specimens of Acerpitres. Purchased. [72. 11. 8, 3-22]. Sume of these are the orıginals of the plates in the “ Birds of Great Britain.” 7 Accipitres from various localities. Presented. [73. 6. 6, 1-97]. Including the type of Pernis celebensis. 18 birds from Australia. Purchased. [75. 11. 8, 1-18]. 4 types of species, Strepera melanoptera, Oractieus cinereus, Ö. argenteus, and (©. crissalis. 100 specimens, prineipally from Europe and various parts of Asia. Purchased. [76. 1. 7, 1-100]. 6315 specimens of birds. Purchased. [81.5. 1, 1-6315]. This was Gould’s private collection of birds, and was purchased by the Trustees after his death. It contained a large number of interesting species, 22 of which were new to the collection, as well as 59 types. 1155 eggs. Purchased. [84. 10. 1. 1-268; 84. 11. 20, 269-579; 85. 1. 8, 580-1264; 85. 3. 1, 1265-1687; 85. 7. 21, 1688-1736). This collection of eggs was purchased at the saıne date as the bird-skins, but was not registered until some tııe after. It contained a number of Australian eggs which were new to the collection. 93 Humming Birds, with 8 types. Purchased. [88. 7. 25, 1-59; 90. 10. 14, 1-24]. This was the commencement of the registration of the Gould Collection of Humming Birds, which was never completed. \ For Gould’s biography, reference may Ihe made to the memoir published by me in my “ Analytical Index to the Works of the late John Gould,” in 1893, and to the “ Dictionary of National Biography ” (vol. xxit., p. 287). Both these works give a full account of his labours, and especially of hıs epoch-making journey to the Antipodes. His co lection of Australian birds “comprised examples of both sexes of nearly every known species, 1800 specimens in all, in various sta.es of ylumage, each carefully labelled with the scientific name and the name of the place where killed.” The expedition to Australia cost Gould £2000, and he offered the collection, with its numbers of priceless types, to the Truste s of the Bıitish Museum of that day, for £1000. The otfer was declined, and Gould, in a fit of chagrin, allowed Dr. Thomas Wilson of Philadelphia to buy the whole collection for £1000; it has since been one of the greatest treasures of the Academy of Natural Science in that town. ((/f. Cassın’s Report on the Ornithological Collection, Proc. Acad. Philad., 1849, pp. 256-260 ; Witmer Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1899, pp. 5-63.) 376 Zoology. Gould (Dr. Henry). Eldest son of John Gould. He was in the Indian Medical Service, and sent some collections of birds and eggs from Sind to his father. Graham (R.). 80 specimens from Para. Presented. [45. 8. 25, 24-114.] Graham (Sir R. J.), Bart. 3 hybrid Ducks (Anas boscas x A. strepera). Presented. [1905. 11. 20, 1-3.] "A remarkable hybrid Drake (Anas boscas x Marcea penelope x Dafila acuta). Presented. [1905. 12. 5, 1.] Grandidier (ALFRED). 3 birds from Madagascar. Presented. [73. 6. 7, 63-65.] M. Grandidier for many years devoted himself to the exploration of Madagascar, and published, with Professor Alphonse Milne-Edwards, a monumental work, “Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Mada- gascar.” A considerable number of Mammalia were presented by him to the British Museum, but only three birds, Coua coquereli, C. gigas, and 0. ruficeps, passed into the collection; these he kindly gave me on my first visit to Paris in 1873. Grant (Craupe H. B.). Was an excellent taxidermist in the Museum, and with Seimund (q.v.) joined the Imperial Yeomanry during the last Boer war. 'The two troopers made a splendid collection of natural history objects in the neighbourhood of Deelfontein (cf. Sharpe, Ibıs, 1904, pp. 1-29, 313-367, pl. viii.). He has since been travelling and collecting in various parts of South Africa for Mr. C. D. Rudd (q.v.). Grant (W. R, OGILviE-). See OGILVIE-GRANT. Gray (Major ANSTRUTHER). 5 specimens of the Cereopsis Goose. Presented. [1905. 1. 17, 1-5.] Gray (Capt. Davıp). 13 birds from the Arctic Seas. Presented. [93. 10. 8, 1-13.] Saxicola cenanthe and Plectrophenax nivalis are among these speci- mens, procured in long. 4° E., lat. 79° 30’ N. Gregory (Sir A. C.). See also ELsEy, J. R. 26 birds from the Gregory Expedition to N.W. Australia. Presented. [56. 12. 24, 1-26.] Gregory, accompanied by Dr. F. von Mueller as botanist, made expe- ditions into N. W. Australia from 1855-58. (C/. Who’s Who, 1905, p. 662.) Gregory (Dr. J. W.). 7 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented. [94. 12. 21, 1-7.] These few specimens were obtained during Dr. Gregory’s well-known expedition to the Rift Valley in Equatorial Africa in 1892-93. Birds. u Grey (Sir GEORGE). 60 birds from West Australia. Presented. [40. 10. 13, 1-52.] 373 birds, mainly from South Australia. Presented. [43. 1. 4, 1-35; 45. 6. 14, 1-3; 43. 7. 14, 1-267; 44. 9. 3, 32-59; 44. 12. 18, 1-3; 45. 11. 7, 1-37.] 95 birds and eges from New Zealand. Presented. [47.1.8, 1-44; 51.7. 18, 145; 52.1. 20, 1-6; 54. 5. 31, 1-14.] 14 birds irom the Loyalty Islands. Presented. [54. 5. 31, 1-14.] Contains the type of Myiagra viridinitens, Gray; Aplonis atronitens, Gray; Zosterops melanops, Gray. Sir George Grey always took an active interest in natural history, and many of the Australian birds which he presented were obtained by Mr. Gould, with whom he was on terms of friendship all his life. Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., Suppl. II., pp. 357-361. Grubbe (Admiral Sir WALTER Hunr). 2 specimens of Delegorgue’s Quail (Coturnix delegorguei) from St. Thomas Island, W. Africa. Presented. [1905. 11. 9, 1-2.] Gueinzius (Dr.). See STEVENS, S. Dr. Gueinzius was an early collector in Mozambique and Natal, and his specimens are mentioned by the late Mr. J. H. Gurney in his first memoirs on the ornithology of the latter country (cf. “Ibis,” 1859, pp. 234-251). The Accipitres were purchased by Mr. Gurney for the Norwich Museum, but the bulk of the other specimens passed into the British Museum. Guillemard (F. H. H.). A very well-known traveller and naturalist who discovered many new species of birds during the voyage of the Marchesa to the Malay Archipelago, 1881-84. He has also made collections in Cyprus (cf. Lord Liltord, postea, p. ). Gulliver (H.). See RoYAL SOCIETY. Mr. Gulliver was the naturalist appointed to the Transit of Venus Expedition to Rodriguez. He procured skins of Bebrornis rodericanus and Foudia flavicans, with their nests and eggs (cf. Sharpe, Phil. Trans., extra vol. 168, pp. 459-469, 1879). Gunn (Ronarp). 158 birds from Tasmania. Presented. [38. 1. 15, 48-205.] This collection, comprising a very complete series of Tasmanian birds, has now almost perished, the specimens having all been mounted for years in the public galleries. Günther (Dr. Auserr C. L.), F.R.S. Collection of osteological specimens. 7 birds from Pagham Harbour, Sussex. Presented. [72. 10. 2, 1-7.] 37 specimens of Gulls and Cormorants from Fowey, Cornwall. Presented. [76. 10. 21, 1-27 ; 78. 10. 4, 1-10.] 12 specimens of Guillemots, etc., from St. David’s, Pembrokeshire. Presented. [81. 9. 30, 1-7; 82.9. 18, 1-5.] 31 specimens of old and young Cormorants and Shags from Fowey, Cornwall. [84. 1. 29, 1-12; 88. 10. 15, 1-19.] 378 Zoology. 15 specimens of Terns and other shore-birds from Norfolk. Presented. [89. 3. 11, 1-15.] Dr. Günther was Keeper of the Zoological Department for twenty years, and took a keen interest in ornithulogy. During his keepership the groups illustrating the nesting of British birds were commenced and carried out under hıs direetion. Some of them were also presented by him. Dr. Günther likewise initiated and carried through the “ Catalogue of Birds,” which was completed in twenty-seven volumes. Gurney (Joun Henry). 5 specimens of Cathartes aura, etc., from California. Presented. [73. 7. 19, 19-23.] 44 birds from the Transvaal. Presented. [76. 6. 5, 1-26; 78. 6.18, 1-15.] Including a specimen of Geocichla gurneyi, wlich was new to the collection. Mr. Gurney was the greatest antherity on the Accipitres of his day, and it was throuch his exertions that the magnificent collection of Birds of Prey was formed at Norwich. He told me that the way in which this collection came to be made was through a eurious aceideut. When it was resolved to give up the museum of the Zoological Society an agent was entrusted with some money to buy a selection of the birds for the Norwich Museum. The sale commenced in scientific sequence with the Aceipitres, and the agent bid with diligent persistence until all his money was gone, with the result that he bought ouly Birds of Prey. With this foun- dation Gurney determined to devote himself to a special study of these birds, and made the collection of Aceipitres at Norwich the most famous in the world. He also took particular interest in the ornithology of South Africa, and wrote many papers in the “Ibis” on the birds of Natal and the Transvnaal, based on the collections made by Mr. Thomas Ayres (q.v.). A list of Mr. Gurney’s papers is given in my edition of Layard’s “ Birds of South Africa,” p. xiii. He also edited the “Birds of Damara-Land,” from the MSS. left by ©. J. Andersson (g.v.). Gurney (Joun Henry), jun. 63 birds from Esypt. Presented. [76. 1. 22, 1-18; 81. 10. 24, 1-48] (ef. Ibis, 1871, pp. 68-86, 289-301). 541 specimens from the Transvaal. Presented. [90. 10. 16, 1-445; 90. 12. 20, 1-96.] This was a donation of a portion of the African collection formed by his late father during the latter’s life-time. It included many valuable specimens, the series being divided between the British Museum and Canon Tristram, whose share has now passed with the rest of his great collection into the Liverpool Museum. Habel (Dr. A.). 63 birds from the Galapagos Islands. Purchased. [75.4. 2, 1-63.] Dr. Habel was a well-known explorer of the Galapaeos, and his collection was described by Messrs. Sclater and Salvin (P.Z.S., 1870, pp. 322-327), when 7 new species were named. The bulk of Dr. Habel’s birds, with the types of the new species, was purchased by Dr. Godman ; and the collection formed part of the ground-work of Mr. Salvin’s memoir on the “Birds of the Galapagos” (Trans. Z. S., ix., pp. 447-510, pls. lzxxiv.-Ixxxix.). Birds. 379 Haggard (W.H.D.). 67 birds from the Andes of Ecuador. Presented. [94. 2. 15, 1-67.] Mr. Haggard has been H.B.M. Resident Minister in Ecuador, Venezuela, and the Argentine Republic. The birds presented by him were collected by his friend Mr. L. Söderstrom, the Swedish Consul in Ecuador, who has himself aiso given some valuable birds to the Museum. Haigh (GerorGE Henry Carton), 17 specimens of Sturnus vulgaris from Tetney, Lincolnshire, Pre- sented. [89. 1. 2, 1-17.] Mr. Caton Haigh was one of several friends who helped me in my unluckily futile endeavours to determine the migratory routes of the Common Starling in Europe, and he obtained a series of specimens from the Lincolnshire coast. My object was to ascertain what proportion of the birds which migrated from the Üontinent to our eastern shores in winter were the Scandinavian form (the true Sturnus vulgaris of Linnaus) or were tinged with an admixture of the Purple-headed Starling (Sturnus menzbieri, Sharpe). Althoush it was evident that many of our eastern birds were of the intermediate form, which Mr. Prazak, rushing in where I had feared to tread, afterwards called Sturnus intermedius, it was impossible to prove whether the Starlings which were procured on our eastern and southern coasts were misrants from the Continent or birds which came south from the north of England or from Scutland (ef. Eagle Clarke, Ibis, 1902, pp. 246-269). 45 Skylarks (Alauda arvensis) from the neighbourhood of Great Grimsby. Presented. [90. 10. 20, 1-43.] These Larks were also collected for me by Mr. Caton-Haigh for the same purpose as the Starlings, viz., to attempt to settle the lines of migration of our own Skylark and the larger Continental form. 57 Wading Birds from Great Grimsby. Presented. [91. 10.1, 1-35; 91. 10. 25, 1-22. Hall (Roserr),. 10 birds from N.W. Australia. Presented. [1902. 6. 12, 1-10.] 1 new to the collection (Pseudogerygone tenebrosa). Mr. Hall is one of the most energetic of Australian naturalists, and has also collected in Kerguelen Land (cf. Ibis, 1900, pp. 1-34), and on the River Lena in Siberia (cf. Hartert, Ibis, 1904, pp. 415-446). Hamilton (Capt.). 16 birds from Jamaica. Presented. [58. 10. 1, 12-27.] Hamilton (G. E. H. BArrETT-). See BARRETT-HAMILTON. Hanson (Nıkorar). 308 specimens of birds and eggs from N. Norway. [96. 10. 2, 1-37; BR, 129597. 2. 61-27; 97. 5. 11, 1-21; 97. 11. 16, 1225; 97. 12. 12, 1-38; 98. 4. 28, 1-37; 98. 5. 3, 1-28; 98. 6. 24, 34-66.] These birds were collected in the Sundal Fjord and the neighbourhood of Christiansund, as well as on the Smoleu Islands, whither he accompanied mein May 1898. He obtained a most useful series shewing the changing plumages of the Black Guillemot (Uria grylle), and especially of the Eider Duck (Somateria mollissima). Hanson died during the Antarctic Expedition of the Southern Cross, of which he was the zoologist. On this occasion he made a fine collection 3850 Zoology. of seals and birds, but his notes were lost. His diarv was published by me in the “Report on the collections of Natural History made in the Antarctic Regions during the voyage of the Southern Cross,” Aves, pp. 106-173, pls. vii.-x., published by the Trustees in 1902. He was one of the most conscientious and energetic collectors I have ever known. See also NEWNES, Sir GEORGE, Bart. Hanson (BErnArD). 33 eggs of Norwegian birds. Purchased. [89. 6. 24, 1-33.] A younger brother ot the above, and a very good collector. Harcourt (EpwAarn VERNON). A specimen of the Andalusian Hemipode (Turnix sylvatica). Pre- sented. [52. 10. 8, 1.] Mr. Vernon Harcourt published a list of the birds of Madeira (P.Z.S. for 1851, pp. 141-146). In 1854 he described as new Regulus maderensis (P.Z.S., 1854, p. 153), and in a further list published in 1855 in the “ Annals and Magazine of Natural History,” (2), xv., pp. 430-438, he described a new Petrel from tlıe Desertas Islands, Procellaria castro. Neither of the types came to the Museum. Hardwicke (General). See antea, p. Hargitt (Epwarp), R.I. : specimens from the Vosges Mountains. Presented. [51. 11. 28, 1-2. 36 birds, mostly from the North of France. Presented. [85. 1. 12, 1-36. ] 109 birds from various localities. Purchased [86. 9. 13, 1-73] and presented [86. 12. 1, 1-36]. 1307 specimens of Woodpeckers (Piei). Purchased. [97. 11. 10, 1-1807. Pr bis earliest years Edward Hargitt was a devoted student of ornithology, and collected in the Orkneys and the Highlands of Scotland during his excursions to these localities as an artist. He afterwards made a fine collection of European birds and eggs, but he gradually dropped this portion of his work in order to devote himself to the study of the Picide. Of these birds he acquired a large collection, and wrote memoirs on several groups of Woodpeckers. In 1887 he was asked by Dr. Günther to write the eighteenth volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds,” which he did with his usual conscientiousness ; it is one of the best-written volumes of the series. For the last few years of his life his health failed him, but he occupied himself with painting a series of pictures of Woodpeckers, which, it is hoped, may be secured some day for the British Museum, as his collection of birds, from which the paintings are mostly taken, is now in the National Collection. Of a singularly lovable disposition, Hargitt was endeared to a large number of artistic and scientifie men, and his death was mourned by a wide circle of friends. Harington (Captain H. H.). 9 birds from Upper Burmah. Presented. [1905. 12. 20, 1-9.] Harris. See WEBSTER-HARRIS, Birds. 381 Harris (Sir W. CoRNWwALLIS). Sir © rnwallis Harris, the author of the “ Hishlands of Ethiopia,” and other works on the game and wild animals of Southern Africa, accom- panied the British Expedition to Shoa in ‚and made a collection of birds, chiefly in the neighbourhood of Ankober and Angolalla. These collections passed into the India Museum, and were all registered as from « Abyssinia” bv Messrs. Horsfield and Moore in the “Catalogue of the Birds in the Museum ot the East India Company.” Fortunately the original labels were not detached from the specimens in the India Museum, so that the record of locality was not lost ; but all the birds transferred to tne British Mrıseum had, after the fashion of those times, the labels carefully removed, and a card-board ticket marked “ Abyssinia”’ attached ! (Of. Diet. Nat. Bivgr., xxv., p. 28.) See Inpıa Museum. Harrison (Colonel J.J.). 31 birds from Somali Land. Presented. [1901. 3. 15, 1-31.] Colonel Harrison made an expedition, in company with Mr. A. E. Butter, Captain Powell Cotton and Mr. W. F. Whitehouse, through Somali Land to Lakes Rudolf and Baringo. He made a good collection of birds, which was described by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant in the ‘Ibis’ for 1901 (pp. 278-299, pl. vii.). A species of Finch-Lark described as Pyrrhulauda harrisoni turned out to be P. signata, Oust. The specimens presented by Colonel Harrison were all of great interest to the Museum. 45 birds from the White Nile district. Presented. [1905. 2. 3, 1-45.] Hart (H. CuicHzster). See LoRDS OF THE TREASURY. Mr. Hart was the naturalist on board the Discovery during Sir George Nares’ expedition towards the North Pole. He has given an account of his experiences in a paper published in the ‘ Zoologist’ for 1880 (pp. 121- 129, 204-214). He has also written a book on the Fauna and Flora of Sinai, Arabia Petr»a, etc. (1891). Hartert (Ernsr). 98 birds from East Prussia and other parts of Germany. Received in exchange. [92. 4. 11, 1-98.] Dr. Hartert is the Director of the Hon. Walter Rothschild’s Museum at Tring, and is one of the most energetic of modern naturalists. His experiences in Eastern Prussia have been described in the ‘Ibis’ for 1892 (pp. 353-372, 504-522), and the account of bis travels in many foreign lands is given in his memoir, “ Ausden Wanderjahren eines Natur- forschers,” first published in the ‘ Novitates Zoologie» ’ for 1901 (pp. 221- 355, 383-39, pls. xii.-xvii.), and 1902 (pp. 141-160, 193-339, pls. 1-5), and afterwards as a separate work. Harting (J. EnmunD). 23 birds from Madagascar, collected by the Rev. W. Deans Cowan. Purchased. [80. 5. 1, 1-23.] Among many interesting species was the type of Oxylabes cinereiceps, Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1881, p. 197. 80 mounted specimens of British birds. Purchased. [73. 11. 17, 17- 22; 83. 11. 10, 1-74.] Among these were several authentic examples of rare birds killed in Great Britain, among them being three specimens of the so-called Sabine’s 382 Zoology. Snipe (Gallinago sabinei), and the Red-breasted Snipe (Macrorhamplrus griseus), etc. 29 Aceipitres from South Queensland, collected by Mr. J. Bell. Presented. [1901. 12. 8, 1-20; 1902. 7. 31, 1-9.] 2 specimens of Willow Grouse from the Altai Mts., procured by Prince Demidotf. Presented. [1902. 7. 31, 10, 11.] Mr. Harting is one of the best-known British naturalists, and there is probably no one living who can so well remember the days belore enclosure had done away with the natural harbours on the south coast, where birds were plentiful in places now dominated by the ploush. His reminiscences, like my own, carry him back to the palmy days of Pagham Harbour, wben some fine collecting was to be done on the mud-flats, and a number of specimens obtained by him in his early life are in the Museum. He was for many years the best authority on Wading Birds, and made a fine collection of C'haradriide, which was ultimately acquired by the late Mr. Henry Seebohm, who made it the basis of his work on the “ Geographical Distribution of the Family Charadrüdz.” With the Seebohm bequest the whole of this celebrated collection of Waders was added to the national collection. Mr. Harting has published many popular books on natural history, and has done much to spread the love of the study of birds among the people. Harvey (W.). 160 birds from Malacca. Presented. [65. 6. 30, 1-160.] These birds, prepared in the usual Malay type of skins, were without particulars of sex or date, and being now replaced by Mr. Hume’s beautiful series, have mostly passed into the duplicates. Harvie-Brown (J. A.). ‚See also FEILDEN, Colonel H. W. 11 birds from Dunipace, Larbert, N.B. Presented. [92. 12. 19, 1-11.] Hauxwell (J.). Was an old companion of H. W. Bates, and settled in Upper Ama- zonia. He travelled on the Ucayali River in the early fifties, and made a large collection, which was exhibited to the Zoological Society by Gould in May 1855 (P.Z.S., 1855, pp. 77, 78). In 1867, after a long period of inaction, he again forwarded a collection from Pebas, a town on the north bank of the River Amazon. This was described by Messrs. Sclater and Salvin in the “ Proceedings ” for 1567 (pp. 977- 981, pl. xlv.), when four new species of birds were characterised. The bulk of the collection passed into the hands of Messrs. Salvin and Godman and Dr. Sclater, but a few were purchased by the British Museum. [See Higgins.) Out ofa later consignment sent to Mr. Whiteley from Samirja, some specimens were acauired for Dr. F. D. Godman. In Professor James Orton’s book, “The Andes and the Amazon,” he mentions his meeting with Hauxwell at Pebas, where he was com- fortably established and received the traveller with great hospitality. Pebas is situated on a high clay bluff, beside the Ambiyacu, a mile above its entrance into the Maraüon. Haviland (Drs. H. A. and G. D.). 32 sn from Mt. Kina Balu in N.W. Borneo. Presented. [93. 6. 10, 1-32. Two species (Merula seebohmi and Hyloterpe hypoxantha) were new to the Museum. Birds. 383 Hawker (Rıcnarp McD.). 21 specimens from Lahej, S. Arabia. Presented. [98. 4. 30, 94-114.] In this small series were specimens of the Lanner Falcon (Falco Feldeggi) and the Pintail Duck (Dafila acuta). Cf. Ibis, 1898, pp. 374-376. 163 specimens from Somali Land. Presented. [98. 6. 13, 1-163.] Five species were new to the collection, of which two (Mirafra mar- ginata, Apalis viridiceps) were types of new forms. The collection was described by Mr. Hawker in the “ Ibis” for 1899 (pp. 52-81, pl. ii.). M. marginata is now considered to be the same species as M. cantillans of India. 451 specimens of birds, nests, and eggs from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented. [1901. 8. 3, 1-76 ; 1902. 4. 20, 1-358; 1902. 7. 10, 1-17.) This collection is described by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant in the “ Ibis” for 1902 (pp. 393-470, pls. x., xii.). 81 birds from Berbera, Somali Land. Presented. [1903. 8. 5, 1-31.] 5 birds from the Sudan and 5 birds from Australia. Presented. [1905. 6. 30, 1-10.] Hearsey (Brigadier-General T.). 10 specimens of birds from the Punjaub. Presented. [54. 12. 6, 1-10.] Heath (Aurken). ‚See GERRARD, E. Helms (Dr. OrTto). 37 Greenland Gyr-Falcons (Hierofalco candicans) and Iceland Gulls (Larus leucopterus). Purchased. [1900. 6. 26, 1-15; 1901. 3. 16, 1-8; 1902. 9. 29, 1-14.] A very interesting series of skins, showing the changes of plumage in the Greenland Falcons.. See Dr. Helms’ memoir, “ Ueber Grönlands Vogelwelt” (J. f. O., 1902, pp. 91-101, 126). Henderson (Messrs. [o£ Dundee] ). 9 specimens of Greenland Gyr-Falcons (/lierofalco candicans) from Greenland. Purchased. [99. 11. 2, 1-9.] Henderson (Dr. GEORGE). See GERRARD, E. Dr. Henderson was the naturalist attached to the British Mission to Yarkand, under Sir Douglas Forsyth, in 1870 (ef. “ Lahore to Yarkand,” by G. Henderson and A.O. Hume, 8vo, 1873). During the expedition s-veral new species were discovered, and the types of these (Falco hendersoni, Saxicola hendersoni, Podoces hendersoni, P. humilis, Trochalo- pterum simile) were purchased for the Museum through Mr. Gerrard. They are all figured in the above-mentioned book. Henning (J.). 115 specimens of Finches. Purchased. [87. 1. 25, 1-115.] “Herald,” Voyage of H.M.S. See RAYNER, Dr. F. M.; MaAcGiuLıvrAY, John. 384 Zoology. Hewett (W.). 236 eggs of Guillemots from the Bempton clifis. Purchased. [1901. 10. 27, 2-151; 1902. 11. 5, 1-86.] This series, selected from many hundreds of eggs obtained by Mr. Hewett, is exhibited in the Great Hall of the Natural History Museum as an example of the variation in the colour to be found in the eggs laid by one single species. Hiekman (J.). 26 birds from Fanti, West Africa. Presented. [91. 2. 11, 1-26.] Some rare birds were contained in this collection, among them four specimens of Pzoptera lugubris. Higgins (T.). A specimen of Andersson’s Pern (Mach@rhamphus anderssoni) from Damara Land. Purchased. [62. 2. 23, 1.] 23 birds from Damara Land. Purchased. [66. 12. 24, 1-23.] These were from some of the last collections sent home by Andersson. 25 specimens from N.E. Australia and Upper Amazonia. Purchased. [67. 2. 25, 1-6; 67. 10.1, 1-19.] Ten of these birds from Cape York and Champion Bay were collected by Cockerell ; the other nine were collected by Hauxwell. 14 birds from Zanzibar, and other localities. Purchased. [68. 1. 29, 1-9; 68. 2. 21, 2-6.] 21 birds from N.E. Australia. Purchased. [69. 8. 17, 1-21.] Three species, O'yelopsittacus coxeni, Ptilotis cockerelli, and Myzomela pectoralis were new to the collection. T'hey were from one of the series obtained in Cape York and Queensland by Cockerell and T'horpe. 15 birds from Celebes. Purchased. [72. 5. 27, 1-15.] These were some of the duplicates from Dr. A. B. Meyer’s expedition to the Moluccas. 9 birds from Fanti, W. Africa, collected by Mr. G. Lyall. Purchased. [75. 5. 21, 1-9.] 3 species new to the Collection, Pxoptera lugubris, Myiocey& ruficeps, and Dendropicus lugubris. 175 birds from Borneo and the Philippine Islands, colleeted by Alfred Everett. Purchased. [75. 8. 16, 1-57; 76.7. 28, 1-96; 78.1.4, 1-5; 78. 5. 20, 80-96. ] These were Everett’s early Bornean collections, made chiefly im Sarawak, together with a few specimens from the Philippines. They contained the types of Micropus immaculatus, Prionochilus everetti, and Phyllornis vıridinucha. His Bornean collections were described by me in the ‘Ibis’ for 1876, 1877, 1893, and in the P.Z.S. for 1879 (cf antea,p. ). 469 biıds, nests, and egss, from Labuan and Lumbidan, N.W. Borneo. Purchased. [76. 5. 2, 1-151; 80. 9. 14, 1-318.] Collected by Sir Hush Low, and forming the material for my paper in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoolıgical Society for 1875 (pp. 99-111), 1879 (pp. 317-354, pl. xxx.). 12 birds from the collection made by the late Dr. James in British New Guinea. Purchased. [77. 4.6, 1-12.] Dr. James was killed by the natives of Yule Island shortly after his arrival in British New Guinea. His collection was described by me in the ‘Journal’ of the Linnean Society (Zool., vol. xiii., pp. 305-821, 1878). He discovered the following new species: Phonyyama jamesi a RR Zr Birds. 385 (Cat. B, III, p. 181), Tanysiptera microrhyncha, and Melidora eollaris. 16 birds from the Fiji Islands and New Caledonia, collected by E. L. and E. L. C. Layard. Purchased. [76. 2. 3, 4-15; 78. 5.20, 76-79. 7 Pen new to the collection (ef. Ibis, 1876, pp. 137-157, Fiji Islands ; 1877, pp. 355-863 ; 1878, pp. 250-267, New Caledonia). 75 birds from Sarawak, collected by Mr. Harold Everett. Purchased. [78. 5. 20, 1-75] (vide supra, p. ). 5 specimens from the neighbourhood of Antananarivo, Madagascar, col'ected by Mr. Lormier. Purchased. [79. 3. 5, 25-29.] The five specimens included an example of Heliodilus sowmagnei, and the types of a new Warbler (Dromzocercus seebohmi). Higgins was a retired doctor with a strong love of natural history, who succeeded to Mr. Samuel Stevens’ celebrated zonlogical agency, when the latter retired from attive work. Higgins ultimately settied in Tasınania, and died there. Hildebrandt (Dr.). 57 specimens from Fast Africa. Purchased. [79.3.4,1-52 ; 79.3.5, 1-5.) 6 species new to the collection. Dr. Hildebrandt collected in the Teita distriet of British East Africa, and his birds were described by Dr. Cabanis (J. f. ©., 1878, pp. 213-246). He afterwards travelled in Madagascar, where he died. Hinde (Dr. R. B.). 156 birds from Kamptee, C. India. Presented. [75. 7. 13, 1-156.] Dr. Hinde was the uncle of the well-known traveller, Dr. Sydney L. Hinde. Hinde (Dr. S. L.). 144 birds from Machakos, British East Africa. Presented. [96. 9.11, 1-32; 98. 5. 13, 1-95; 99. 2. 1. 1-17.] 2 types (Cisticola hindei, Serinus fagani) and 5 species new to the collection (cf. Ibis, 1898, pp. 576-587, pl. xii., fig. 2). 39 birds from Masai Land, including types of Euprinodes hildegard:e. [99. 10.30, 1-19; 1900. 2. 6, 1 and 2; 1900. 2. 23, 1-18.] 21 birds from the Athi River, including the types of Crateropus hindei. Presented. [1901. 5. 6, 1-19; 1901. 5. 7,1 and 2.] Dr. Hinde saw much service with the Congo Free State armv on the Upper Congo, and has written a very interesting work on the “ Downfall of the Congo Arabs.” He has since held appointments under the Foreign Office in British East Africa, and has made several good collections of birds, in the formation of which he has been aided by his wife, Hobson (H. E.). 9 birds from Northern Formosa. Presented. [77. 10. 22, 1-9.] 1 new to the collection. Mr. Hobson was H.B.M. Consul in Formosa, and presented many Butterflies to the Museum, as well as a few birds. Hodgson (Brıan H.). 2596 birds from Nepal and Tibet. Presented. [43. 1. 13, 1-1302; 44. 12. 27, 14; 45. 1. 9, 1-841; 45. 1. 12, 1-414 (skeletons), 478- '513.] These were Hodgson’s early collections, and were presented by him to VOL, II. IC 386 Zoology. the Museum when he left Nepal in 1843. It is from these specimens that the native drawings of the birds were taken. Every one of the Hodsson drawings has its name and its number, and the specimens orizinally had a label tied either round the neck or the foot, bearing a number corresponding with that of the drawing. In Dr. Gray’s “ Zoological Miscellany ” for 1844, Hodgson, writing from Canterbury on the 24th of June,* gave a list of Nepalese birds, with an indication of the Hodgsonian number, and he stated that “a nearly complete series [of drawings] has been sent to the British Museum.” Consequentlv, these drawings constitute the types of Hodgson’s species. A second set of drawings was retained by Hodgson himself, and afterwards given by him to the Zoological Society; these two sets have never yet been collated together. In the “Dictionary of National Biography ” (Suppl., vol. ii., pp. 429- 432), it is said that after his resignation of the Indian Civil Service in 1543, he came to England, but that, alter less than a year at home, he resolved to return to India. He fixed his residence at Darjiling, where for thirteen years he livel the life of a recluse, suffering a good deal from weak health, but this did not abate his ardour for colleeting or his devotion to learning. Dr. J. E. Gray, in his preface to the “Ontalogue” of the Hodsson collection, writing on the 10th of December, 1846, speaks of him as having returned to India, to continue his studies and complete his series of drawings. 801 birds from Behar. Presented. [45. 5. 19, 1-301.] This series of skins from Behar was never made by Hodgson’s Hima- layan collectors. The method of preparation is quite different. It may have been made for Hodgson by some friend of his, or he may have employed a native of the country to prepare the skins. Ican find no evidence that Hodgson was ever resident in Behar. 307 birds from “India”! [See small register.] Presented. [48. 6. 4, 1-307. In Is as mentioned above, Hodgson was living at Darjiling, and there can be no doubt that this collection came from Sikhim. On looking up some of the specimens which are registered by G. R. Gray himself (with- out any specific localities and with only the Hodgsonian number added), I have found skivs labelled by Gray as from Behar! Any one who com- pares the preparation of the Behar examples with that of the Himalayan taxidermists, will see at a glance that this 1848 collection has been made by the same hands as the early Nepal collections, and doubtless Hodgson had imported some of his native skinners from Nepal. The question is settled, however, by an entry of Gray’sin the register: “211 duplicates transferred to the Hon. E. I. Comp.” ; and in Horsfield and Moore’s Oata- logue of the latter collection (Vol. I., Intr., p. v.), we read: “1848. B. H. Hodgson, Esqg. Several birds from Sikim and Darjiling,” showing that Moore knew where they were from, if Gray did not. These Sikhim specimens wıll have to be carefully relabelled ; but it shows the truth of Professor Newton’s criticism on G. R. Gray, tbat he was a good ornitholosical clerk; but in the case of the Hodgson col- lections he was not even entitled to this praise, for he destroyed all Hod«son’s origiual labels. 598 birds from Nepal. Presented. [59. 3. 4, 1-598.] For some reason Hodgson was offended with his treatment by the * Mr. Gerrard, sen., remembers going to Canterbury to pack the collection for transmission to London. Birds. 387 Grays, and in 1853 he sent a large collection of birds from Nepal and Tibet to the E. I. Company’s Museum, but, in 1859, he appears to have once more determined to send his collections to the British Museum. When the India Museum was broken up in 1881 and its zoological contents were merged in the British Museum, the whole of the Hodgsonian series was once more united under one roof, and great praise is due to Mr. F. Moore for having preserved the original labels on those specimens which had been under his charge. Two Catalozues of the Hodgson collection were published by the 'I'rustees, one in 1846, and a second in 1863. Besides the article in the “ Dictionary of National Biography,” a life of Hodgson has been written by Sir William Hunter. Cf. also ‘Ibis,’ 1894, pp. 580, 581. Holboell (Governory. See also STEVENS, S. 5 birds and 31 eggs from Greenland. Purchased. [50. 11. 9, 23-58.]. Holboell was the Danish Governor of South Greenland, and took great interest in natural history. He discovered the intermediate race between the typical Gyr-Falcon of Greenland and that of Iceland, and named it Falco arcticus. As this name was preoccupied, I named the bird Hierofalco holboelli in his honour. The large Red-poll (Cannabina holboelli), from Scandinavia and Siberia, is also named after him. The latter species has occurred occasionally in England. Holden (W.L.). 7 birds from Paraguay. Presented. [1904. 11. 30, 1-7.] Holland (Arraur H.). 789 birds and esgs from Argentina. Purchased. [97. 11. 14, 1-224; 98. 3. 25, 1-565.] Mr. Holland is an energetic young naturalist who has devoted much attention to the ornithology of the Argentine Republic, on which subject he has published some interesting papers (Ibis, 1890, pp. 424-428; 1891, pp. 16-20; 1892, pp. 195-214; 1893, pp. 467-469; 1895, pp. 213- 217; 1896, pp. 315-318). His collection of eggs, 565 in number, has proved to be of the utmost value to the Museum, as can be seen in the published voiumes of the “('atalogue of Eggs.” Among the birds was the type of Hapalocercus hollandi, Sclater, Ibis, 1896, p. 317. Holst (P. A.). 44 birds from Central Asia, of which 7 were new to the collection. Purchased. [83. 4. 3, 1-37; 83. 5. 23, 1-7.] Duplicates from the Severtzoff and Russow collections. Also some interesting species from the Caucasus. 9 birds from Sweden. Purchased. [84. 7. 29, 1-9.] 50 birds from Russia, Siberia, Turkestan, and other parts of Central Asia, with 3 species new to the collection. [84. 9. 25. 1-20; 86. 3. 31, 1-30. a was a young Swedish collector who settled in England for a time as an agent, and from whom the Museum purchased several interesting specimens. He afterwards travelled in the East for Henry Seebohm, aud visited the Volcano Islands, the Liu Kiu Islands, and the Bonin group, as well as Formosa. Here he discovered a beautiful new Tit (Parus holsti) named after him by Seebohm (Ibis, 1995, pl. vi.). 203 388 Zoology. Home (Sir James Everarp), R.N. 59 birds from New Zealand and Tongatabu. Presented. [46. 12. 4, 59.] A son of the well-knöown Sir Everard Home. Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxvii., pp. 227, 228. Hooker (Sir JosEPpH). 17 nests from various localities. Presented. [66. 11. 17, 1-17.] Sir Joseph Hooker was naturalist to the Antarctie Expedition, surgeon to the Erebus during the celebrated voyaze of Sir James Koss in 1839-43, assisted by Dr. McCormick and Dr. Lyall. 'I'he cullections made by Sir Juseph at the various ıslands visited were very complete (cf. my paper on the Birds of Kerguelen Island in the 168th volume (extra vol.) of the “ Philosophical Transactions ”). Of. also “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 751. Hopkinson (Dr. E.). 25 skeletons of birds from the Gambia. Presented. [1904. 4. 28, 1-13; 1904. 6. 26, 1-12.] Horn (W. A.). 19 birds from Central Australia, including a specimen of the rare Queen Alexandra’s Parrakeet (Spathopterus alexandrz), new to the collection. Presented. [95. 11. 18, 1; 98. 5. 15, 1-18.] In 1894 Mr. Horn promoted the celebrated “ Horn Scientific Exploring Expedition ” to Central Australia (see the “Journal,” ete., published by the Government of South Australia, as a Blue Book, in 1896). 'The hirds obtained on the expedition were described by Mr. A. J. North (Rep. Hoın Exped. Centr. Austr., Part Il., Zoology, Aves, pp. 53-111, pls. v.-vii.). Horsbrugh (Crarıes B.). 26 nests from the Sundal Valley, Norway. Presented. [99. 8. 31, 1-26.] Mr. Horsbrugh accompanied me during one of my excursions to Norway, when we made a careful study ot the nesting habits of the Brambling (Fringslla montifringilla) and the Chafünch (F. czlebs), and collected a number uf nests. The nest @n situ, with the parent birds and four nestlines, of the Tawny Owl (Syrnium aluco) from Martock, Somersetshire. Presented. [1901. 5. 2, 1-6.] Exhibited in the Bird Gallery. Horsfield (Dr. Tomas). 3 specimens of Indian birds. Presented. [47. 9. 17, 1-8.] Horsfielll served under Sir Stamford Raffles in Java, and was well known for his work on the Zoology of the island (cf. his paper in the Linnean Transactions, xiii., pp. 133-200, 1820—“ Sytematic Arrangement and Description uf Birds from the Island of Java”; also “ Zoological Researches in Java,” 4to, 1824), and in conjunction with Vigors he wrote a valuable memoir on the “ Australian Birds in the collection of the Linnean Society ” (Trans. Linn. Soc., xv., pp. 170-331, 1825-26). Many new species were described, the types of which were afterwards eiven to the British Museum. He was appointed, in 1820, Keeper of ıhe Museum of the Hon. E. I. Co., a post he retained till his death in 1859. He wrote several catalogues of the eontents of the Museum, but,in the case of the Birds and Lepidoptera, the woık was chiefly done by his assistant, Mr. Frederie Moore. Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxvil., pp. 379-880. . Birds. 389 Hose (Cnarues), D.Sc. See also GERRARD, E. 16 specimens of Esculent Swifts (Collocalia), with their nests and eggs, from Sarawak. Presented. [88. 1. 6, 1-16.] 83 birds from Mts. Kalulong aud Dulit in N.W. Borneo. Presented. 193. 7. 2, 1-83.] For the description of the Mt. Dulit collection, cf. ‘ Ibis,’ 1892, pp. 322-324, 430-442, pls. x., xi. The collection Irom Kalulung is described in the “Ibıs’ for 1893, pp. 546-550. 60 specimens of Bornean birds in spirits. Presented. [97. 2. 29, 1-24.] 277 specimens from various districts of Sarawak and the island of Celebes. Presented. [99. 8. 31, 1-6 (Mount Dulit and Mount Mulu); 1900. 2. 15, 1-150; 1900. 3. 20, 1-45.] 96 birds in spirits from Borneo. [1904. 5. 2, 1-96.] Hubbard (Rev. E. H.). 8 speeimens from Nassa, Speke Gulf, Victoria Nyanza. Purchased through Mr. F. C. Smith. [95. 3. 3, 1-8.] Contained the types of a new Francolin (Francolinus hubbardi) described by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant (Bull. B.O.C., iv., p. 27, 1895). Hudson (W. H.). 61 nests and eggs from Buenos Aires. Presented. [74. 5. 21, 5-65.] Mr. Hudson is the well-known uaturalist who has thrown so much lieht upon the omithology of the Argentine Republic (see “ Argentine Ornithology,” by Sclater and Hudson). His accounts of the habits of birds have always been most interesting. His collections from Conchitas were described by Messrs. Sclater and Salvin (P.Z.S., 1868, pp. 137-146). Hudson’s Bay Company. A specimen of the Gulden Eagle. Presented. [43, 11. 28, 10.] Hügel (Baron A. von). 4 Gannets (Sula bassana) from the Bass Rock. Presented. [73.11. 4, 1-4.] These were presented with the idea of forming a group of Bass Rock birds.. Some of the specimens are in the great case now in the Bird Gallery. 35 specimens from various localities. Presented. [73. 12. 3, 1-33; 73. 12. 26, 13-14.] Very interesting specimens of Palzarctic birds, including the skin of a Griffon Vulture (G@yps fulvus). 16 birds from Hampshire. Presented. [74. 3. 14, 28-43.] 23 birds from New Zealaud. Presented. [50. 5. 3, 1-23.] The types of Phalacrocorax stewarti are included in this donation (ef. Cat. B., xxvi., p. 386). Baron von Hügel is the son of the celehrated Baron Cari von Hügel, who wrote the well-known work of travel, “Kaschmir und das Reich der Siek,” 1840-1848. The donations to the British Museum were from his collection of British birds which the young Baron made before he went out to the Fiji Islands and New Zealand. Some of the specimens which he gave to the Museum were of great intrinsic value. 390 Zoology. Hugh (Father). 94 birds from the province of Shen-si in Western China. [98. 10.30, 1-10 ; 1900. 4. 28, 1-47; 1900. 9. 9, 1-17; 1902. 10. 10, 1-20.] Father Hugh’s early collections were described by me in the “ Comptes Rendus’” of the third International Congress of Ornitholugists at Paris in 1900 (Ornis, xi., pp. 173, 185). Humblot (Governor). See FRANK, G. A., antea, p. Hume (Arran Ocravıan), O.B. 10 specimens of birds from the Nicobar Islands, and other parts of the Indian Empire. Presented. [74. 1. 17, 1-10.] At this time nearly all the species were new to the collection— Kthopyga nicobarica, Halcyon saturatior, Carpophaga insularis, etc. 75,577 skins and eggs of birds from varioııs parts of the Indian Empire. The collection consisted of about 82,000 specimens, of which 75,577 were placed in the Museum cabinets, as follows :— 2830 Birds of Prey (Accipitriformes). [85. 8.19, 1-2830.] (Vol. i. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) Types of eight species, Astur poliopsis, Accipiter melanoschistus, Spizaetus sphynx, Spilornis davisoni, 8. minimus, Milvus melanotis, Pernis tweeddalei, Baza sumatrensis, Falco atriceps, and Polioaetus plumbeus. 1155 Owls (Strigiformes). [86. 2. 1, 1-1155.] (Vol. ii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) Types of nine species, Scops brucei, 8. nicobaricus, 8. balli, Carine pulchra, Heteroglau® blewitti, Ninox obscurus, Asio butleri, Syınium maingayi, and Strix de-roepstorfli. 2819 Crows, Jays, Orioles, etc. [86. 3. 1, 1-2819.] (Vol. iii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 5 types: Corvus lawrencei, Corone insolens, Dendrocitia assimilis, Garrulus leucotis, Dissemuroides dieruriformis. a 4493 Cuckoo-shrikes and Flycatchers. (Vol. iv. of the “ Catalogue of irds.”) 21 types: Volvocivora intermedia, V. neglecta, V. innominata, ‚Pericrocotus subardens, P. neglectus, P. flammifer, Pratincola albisuper- eiliaris, P. macrorhyncha, Leucocerca infumata, Terpsiphone nicobarica, Philentoma intermedium, Cryptolopha jerdoni, Siphia rufigularis, Oyornis olivacea, C. albo-olivacca, O. poliogenys, C. mandellü, Siphia minuta, S. frenata, Anthipes submoniliger, Muscitrea cyanea. 4670 Thrushes and Warblers. (Vol. v. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 28 types: Sylvia althca, S. minula (or S. minuscula), Phylloscopus burmanicus, P. seebohmi, P. tytleri,* P. humei, P. flavo-olivaceus, P. neglectus, P. sindianus, P. mandellıi, P. subviridis, P. davisoni, Jerdonia agricolensis, Acrocephalus macrorhynehus, Locustella subsignata, Tribura major, T. mandelliü, T. intermedia, Herbivocula brooksi, Cettia cettoides, Horornis erythrogenys, H. pallidus, H. brunnescens, Turdulus davisoni, Geocichla trieolor, Turdus subpallidus, Saxicola albonigra, 8. kingi. * Canon Tristram (Cat. Coll., p. 150) mentions the type of P. tytleri of Brooks as being in his collection. Brooks’ original speeimens are in the Hume Collection, and the Museum has also ihe example mentioned by Brooks as being obtained by Col. Tytler at Simla (cf. Brooks, Ibis, 1872, p- 22). Birds. 391 3100 Bulbuls and Wrens, Dippers, etc. [86. 9, 1-3100.] (Vol. vi. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 16 types: Zgithina nigrolutea, Hypsipetes concolor, Hemixus hilde- brandti, H. davisoni, Iole terricolor, Micropus fuscoflavescens, Oriniger gutturalis, ©. burmanicus, C. theoides, Molpastes humei, Otocompsa per- sonata, Pyenonotus davisoni, P. wantholemus, Ixidia weberi, Anorthura neglecta,* Sphenocichla humei. 7304 specimens of Timeliine birds. [86. 10. 1, 1-7304.] (Vol. vii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 30 types: Myiophoneus eugenei, Lioptila davisoni, Blanfordius striatulus, Suya albigularis, Drymoipus terricolor, D. rufescens, D. insignis, Orthotomus nilidus, Trochalopterum erythrolema, Argya echipes, Pomutorhinus obscurus, P. austeni, P. tickelli, P. inglisi, Dryonastes subeerulatus, Pyctorhis qriseigularis, Pellorneum minus, P. ignotum, Trichastoma minor, Stachyridopsis rufifrons, 8. poliogaster, Minla rufigu- laris, Scheniparus dubius, Ixulus humilis, I. rufigenis, Alcippe brucei, 4A. bourdilloni, Siva castaneicauda, S. sordida, Accentor jerdoni. 2119 specimens of Tits and Shrikes. [86. 11.1, 1-2119.] (Vol. vii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) Itypes: Lophophanes humei, Zgithaliscus manipurensis, Pterythius intermedius, Hylocharis occipitalis, Certhia mandellü, C. hodgsoni, (. manipurensis, O. stoliczke, Sitta kashmeriensis. 1789 specimens of Sun-birds (Nectariniide) and White-eyes (Zoster- opidz). [86. 12.1, 1-1789.] (Vol. ix. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 8 types: Chalcostetha insperata, thopyga nicobarica, ZE.cara, LE. waldeni, Arachnothera intermedia, A. andamanica, Arachnothera simü- lima, and Zosterops aureiventer. 3724 specimens of Swallows (Hirundinide), Wagtails, and Pipits (Motacillide). [87. 2.1, 1-3724.] (Vol. x. of the “ Catalozue of Bırds.”) 8 types: Diczum wirescens, Prionochilus modestus, Hirundo sub- striolata, H. pallida, HA. intermedia, H. anchetes, Anthus cockburnie, A. griseorufescens. The type of Ootile obscurior was not in the collection, and the specimen did not reach the British Museum. 2375 specimens of Finches (Fringillide). [87. 6. 1, 1-2375.] (Vol. zii. of the “ Catalogne of Birds.”) 8Stypes: (Coceothraustes humei, Propasser ambiguus, P. saturatus, Procarduelis mandellüi, Chrysomitris tibetana, Montifringilla blanfurdi, M. mandellii, Pyrrhospiza humei. 3766 specimens of Starlings (Sturnida), Weaver-birds (Ploceid), and Larks (Alaudide). [87. 7.1, 1-3766.] (Vol. xiii. of the “Catalogue of Birds.”) 22 types: Sturnus nitens, $. ambiguus. 8. minor, $. menzbieri, 8. nobilior, Sturnia incognita, Calornis irwini, O. tytleri, Ploceus mega- rhyuchus, P. chryseus, Munia semistriata, M. non-striata, M. superstriata, M. inglisi, Estrelda burmanica, Alauda yuttata, Calandrella tibetana, Alaudula adamsi, Mirafra immaculata, M. microptera, Galerita magna, and Spizaluuda simillima. 807 specimens of Ant-Thrushes (Pitti)z), Broadbills (Eurylzmide). [87. 5. 1, 1-807.] (Vol. xiv. of the “Catalozue of Birds.”) 4 types: Pitta oatesi, P. davisoni, Eucichla gurneyi, and Psarisomus assimilis. * Brooks’ actual types of Troglodytes negleetus are in the Hume Collec- tion, and are marked “type.” Canon Tristram’s specimen quoted as the type (Cat., p. 167) can only be considered a co-type. 892 Zoology. 1110 specimens of Hoopoes (Upupe). [87. 8. 20, 1-135.] Swifts (Oypseli), Nightjars (Caprimulgi), and Frog-mouths (Podargi). [37. 8. 1, 1-975.] (Vol. xvi. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 8 types: Ohztura indica, Collocalia innominata, C. inexpectata, Caprimulgus unwini, (©. andamanicus, Lyncornis bourdilloni, Ba- trachostomus castaneus, B. pumetatus. 2277 specimens of Picarian birds, Hornbills (Bucerotes), Bee-eaters (Meropes), Kingfishers (Haleyones), Rollers (Coraciz), Trogons (Tro- gones). [87. 8. 20, 1-1753; 87. 9. 1, 1-277; 88. 11. 10, 1-247.] (Vol. xvii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) lltypes: Burystomus lstior, Pelargopsis intermedia, Alcedo simil- lima, Carcineutes amabilis, Halcyon saturatior, H. vidali, H. armstrongi, H. humei, H. davisoni, Rhytidoceros narcondami. 2339 specimens of Woodpeckers (Pici). [87. 8. 10, 1-2339.] (Vol. xviii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) ö types: Gecinus nigrigenys, Dendrocopus pyrrhothorax, Mieroptır- nus burmanicus. 2417 specimens of Honey-Guides (Indicatores), Barbets (Capitones), and Cuckoos (Coceyges). [87. 12. 2, 1-1658; 88. 11. 30, 1-759.] (Vol. xix. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 8 types: Hierococey& nanus, Ololygon tenuirostris, Centropus inter- medius, ©. maximus, (. acheenensis, Indicator radeliffei, Cyanops davisoni, O. incognita. 813 specimens of Parrots (Psittaciformes). |[89. 1. 26, 1-813.] (Vol. xx. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 3 types, Palzornis indoburmanieus, P. finschi, P. tytleri. 1615 specimens of Pigeons (Columbiformes). [89. 2. 2, 1-1615.] (Vol. xxi. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 5 types: Sphenocercus minor, Columba neglecta, C©. palumooides, Turtur humilior. The type of Macropygia assimilis (Hume, “ Stray Feathers,” ii., p. 441, 1574), from Moulmein, was not in the col- lection. 2120 specimens of Sand-Grouse (Pterocletes), Game-birds and Mega- podes (Galliformes). [89. 5. 10, 1-2120.] (Vol. xxii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 8 types: Turnix albiventris, Mieroperdix manipurensis, M. blewitti, Arboricola mandellü, Caccabis pallidus, CO. pallescens, Franeolinus melanonotus, Phasianus humiz. The type of Caccabis arınaria, from Aden, was not in the col- lection. 852 specimens of Rails (Zalliformes), Cranes (Gruiformes), Bustards (Otides). [89. 11. 1, 1-588; 90. 2. 10, 1-45; 90. 2. 20, 1-249.] (Vol. xxiii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 6 types: Hypotznidia obscurior, H. abnormis, Rallina telmatophila, Porzana elwesi, Grus lilfordi, @. sharpei. 2415 specimens of Wading Birds (Charadriiformes). [91. 10. 1, 1-2415.] (Vol. xxiv. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”) 4 types: Phalaropus asiaticus, Lobipes tropieus, Bgialitis tenuirostris, Totanus haughtoni. 852 specimens of Gulls and Teıns (Lariformes) and Petrels ( Procel- lariiformes). [90. 5. 20, 1-882.] (Vol. xxv. of the “Catalogue of Bird».”) 6 types: Sternula korustes, Sterna saundersi, 8. gouldi, Larus innominatus, Stercorarius asiatieus, Pufinus persieus. 1089 specimens of Ibises (Ibididz), Herous (Ardeid&), Pelicaus and Birds. 393 Cormorants (Steganopodes), etc., Grebes (Podieipediformes). |93. 10.1, 1-15; 95. 10. 2, 1-689; 94. 6. 20, 1-220; 95. 2. 10, 1-165.] (Vol. xxvi. of the “ Catalocue of Birds.”) 7 types: Graptocephalus davisoni, Butorid-s spodiogaster, Ardetta pulchra, I’haethon indicus, Pelecanus longirostris, P’odicipes albipennis, P. albescens. 761 specimens of Geese and Ducks (Anseriformes). [94. 6. 1, 1-761.] Vol. xxvii. of the “ Oatalegue of Birds.” 2 types: Oygnus unwini, Nettion albiyulare. 15,965 specimens of eggs. [91. 3. 20, 1-9999; 92. 9. 1, 1-5966.] This splendid collection has been described by Mr. Hume himself in his “ Nests and Egus of Indian Birds,” 8vo, 1873, and again in Mr. Oates’ edilion of the above work (3 vols., 8vo, 1889-90), also in the “ Catalogue of Birds’ Eggs iu the British Museum ” (vols. i.-v., 1901-1906). In the formation of this collection Mr. Hume received the assistance of a devoted body of Indian oologists, and the notes that they gave him are published in Mr. Hume’s books quoted above. Among the best-known of the conıributors were General G. F. L. Marshall and his brother, Colonel ©. H. T. Marshall, Colonel C. T. Bingham, Messrs. J. Gammie, L. Mandelli, E. W. Oates, W. Davison, W. Blewitt, R. Thompson, Rhodes Morgan, and Miss Cockburn. Mr. Allan Hume is the youngest son of the celebrated Joseph Hume, M.P., and has spent the best part of his life in India, where he was Commissioner of Öustoms and Secretary to the Government of India, and has held manv other appointments. During the mutiny he saved the women and children from Etawah, where he was in command at the time, as well as all the archives and treasure in the city, all of which he brought in safety to Agra. Besieged by the mutineers ın the latter city, he took a brave part in the defence, and received his C.B. for gallantry in the field. He will, however, be principally remembered for the wonderful eoliection of Indian birs and eggs, which he made between the years 1862-1835. Not only did he colleet vigorously himself, but he employed naturalists in all parts of the Indian Empire, and himself conducted expeditions to Sind and the Mekran Cvast, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, the Laccadives, and the hill regions of Manipur, etc. His assistant, William Ruxton Davison, was provided with a staff of taxidermists, elephants, etc., and travelled for Mr. Hume in various distriets of British India, durinz the space of 13 years. Davison was a skilled taxidermist and collector, and his explorations in Tenasserim and the Malay Peninsula resulted in the discovery of many new and inter- esting species. Mr. Hume also supplemented his own endeavours by the purchase of several other well-known collections, such as the late Mr. Mandelli’s series of Sikhim and Tibetan birds, the late Mr. W. E. Brooks’ collections from the plains of India, and many others. For fifteen years he brought out a journal, “ Stray Feathers” (1873-1888), in which he published the results of his own efforts and those of his colleagues. The Hume Collection was one of the most splendid donations ever made to the Nation, and added to the Museum, which had previously but a poor series of Indian birds, the largest and most complete collection of birds and egus from the British Indian Empire the world has ever seen. The Hume Collection contained 258 types. Hungarian National Museum, Budapest. nn birds from Hungary. Presented. [92. 6. 10, 1-104; 92.7.9, 1-573. 394 Zoology. This fine series of Hungarian birds was presented by the National Museum after the Ornithological Congress at Budapest, and contained several species of great iuterest. Hunstein (Cart). See GERRARD, E. The expedition of this young naturalist into the Horseshoe range of the Astrolabe Mountains resulted in the discovery of two magnificent new species of Birds of Paradise (Paradisornis rudolfi and Astrarchia stephaniz), as well as a species of Diphyllodes which was called D. hunsteini (ef. Finsch and Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn., 1I., pp. 369-391, pls. xv.-xxii.), besides other new species. Hunsteın was afterwards drowned by a tidal wave in New Bıitain. Hunter (H.C. V.). 186 birds from the Teita district and Kilimanjaro in East Africa. Presented. [89. 3. 21, 1-186.] 10 species were new to the collection, 7 of which were described by Capt. Shelley (P.Z.S., 1889, pp. 356-372, pls. xl., xli.). 'I'he new species were Cinnyris hunteri, Batis mixta, Xenocichla nigriceps, X. placida, Aleippe kilimensis| = Lioptilus abyssinieus], Cisticola hunteri, Zosterops perspicillata. Mr. Hunter was in pursuit of big-game, but he found time to make an interesting collection of birds for the Museum. 15 birds from S.W. Siam. Presented. [89. 5. 23, 1-18.] Hutton (Capt.). 23 birds and eggs from Kandahar. Presented. [56. 3. 26, 1-23.] It appears on further examination that this donation included the types of species discovered by Capt. Hutton in Afghanistan, viz., Emberiza huttoni, Blyth, J.A.S. Beng., xviii., p. 811, 1849, Oarpodocus erassirostris, Blyth, J.A.S. Beng., xvi., p. 476, 1847 ( = Erythrospiza githaginea), Argya huttoni, Blyth, t.c., p. 476, Emberiza aurifrons, Blyth, t.c., p. 476 (= Serinus pusillus). The types of the species of Palzornis described by Capt. Hutton in “Stray Feathers” (Vol. i., p. 335) as P. sivalensis, P. sacer, P. punjabi and /. vindhiana, do not appear to have come to the Museum. Ihering (Dr. von), Director of the San Paulo Museum, San Paulo, Brazil. 3 birds from San Paulo. Presented. [1901. 8. 10, 1-3.] The type of @isella iheringi, Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C., viii., p. xl., 1899. Imperial Commission of Agriculture, West Indies. An example of the Sanderling (Calidris arenaria). Presented. [1904. 7.1] Imperial Institute, 15 birds from Australia. Presented. [90. 12. 21, 1-15.] Im Thurn (Lieut. J. K.), R.N. 9 birds from Turkey and Greece. Presented. [1904. 6. 17, 1-4; 1904. 7. 19, 1-5.] Birds. 395 Ince (Mrs.). 42 birds, principally from China. Presented. [82. 12. 10, 1-42.] Capt. Ince saw some service in China, and was, so I have been informed, a friend of John Reeves, who gave so many specimens to the Museum. Gould also knew him, and named a Paradise Flycatcher after him—Muscipeta incei, from Shanghai. The type of this species was given by Gould to the India Museum (ef. Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co., 1.,p.892). In the “Catalogue” a reference is made to the orieinal descrip- tion as “Gould, P.Z.8., 1852, p. ,” butthe bird was never described in the “Proceedings.” Capt. Ince seems to have been a friend of MacGillivray’s, as among the birds presented by his widow was the type of Nectarinia australis, Gould, which we may presume was given to Capt. Ince by MacGillivray or by Gould. India, Secretary of State for. See InpIA Museum. India Museum, Caleutta. See also ANDERSON, JOHN; BLANFORD, W.T. 200 birds from Yun-nan and Upper Burma, collected by Dr. John Anderson. Presented. [76. 4. 7, 1-200.] 418 specimens from Yarkand. Exchauged. [91. 7. 22, 1-418.] This was a set of the duplicates of the collection obtained by the second Yarkand Mission under Sir Douglas Forsyth. The collection was fully catalogued by me in the report published by the India Office. To this publication Mr. Hume presented several beautiful plates which he had had drawn for his projected “ Birds of India.” A specimen of Nyroca baeri from Bengal. [98. 4.18, 1.] 45 birds in spirits. Presented. [99. 4. 16, 1-17; 1900. 7.5, 1-28.] India Museum, London. 23 birds from India. Presented by the Hon. E. I. Co. [42.11. 8, 7-29. Mlsdy common species, but amongst the specimens was the type of Ibidorhynchus struthersi. 54 specimens from Shoa, -collected by Sir W. Cornwallis Harris. Presented by the Hon. E. 1. Co. [45. 6. 6, 1-54.] A set of the birds obtained during the expedition to Shoa promoted by the Hon. E. India Co. 14 specimens from the Himalayas (mostly Hodgsonian specimens). Presented by the Hon. E. I. Co. [56. 5. 21, 7-20.] 6015 specimens from various parts of the Indian Empire. Presented by the Secretary of State for India. L[60. 4. 16, 1-584; 79.11. 28, 1-700; 80.1.1, 1-4731.] The transference of part of the India Museum collection to the British Museum began in 1860, but the final incorporation of the old Company’s collection took place in 1880 (vide infra). 172 birds from Shoa, collected by Sir W. Cornwallis Harris. [61. 2. 5, 1-34; 61. 5. 8, 1-138.] Presented by the Secretary of State for India. In this collection was the type of Dienemellia dienemelli (Rüpp. ex Horsf.). R above records chronicle the dispersal of the celebrated Museum of the old East India Company, and its incorporation in the National Collection. The history of the bird-colleetion is epitomised in the “ Introductory Remarks ” to the “ Catalogue of Birds in the Museum of 396 Zovlogy. the Hon. East India Company,” by Dr. Horsfield and Mr. F. Moore (2 vols., 8vo, 1853-1858), the work being actually done by the latter. Many famous naturalists helped to make this Museum celebrated, and the collections of Sir Stamford Raflles, Dr. Horsfield, Dr. MeClellaud, Sir R. Strachey, Dr. Cantor, Colonel Sykes, and other well-known men were preserved in the India Museum, which was at first kept at the House of the East India Company in Leadenhall Street. After the Mutiny the collections were removed to Fıfe House in Whitehall, and there I can remember seeing them when I began my work on the King- fishers. Ican well recollect my kind reception by Mr. Frederie Moore, aud with what reverence I handled the Kingtishers of that ancient collection. The Horsfieldian types have unfortunately nearly all perished, having been imperfeetly preserved, and during the removal of the colleetions from Leadenhall Street to Fife House, although they were carefully packed, moths destroyed nearly the whole of thein; they are now in the British Museum, but are nearly all devoid of feathers. The destruction of these valuable specimens has always been a source of great erief to Mr. Moore. The preservation of birds in the olıier days was not much considered, and the specimens obtained by Colonel Sykes and Dr. McOlelland were all preserved in a rough and ready manner, so that they have not withstood the ravages of time. Sir Stamford Raflles does not appear to have made many skins, but to have chiefly presented coloured drawings of the species he described. Among the Javanese birds of Horsfield’s collecting were the types of the following »pecies :—Hypotriorchis severus, Spizaetus limnaetus, Astur soloensis, Polioaetus ichthyaetus, Glauceidium castanopterum, Scops lempiji, S. rufescens, Bubo orientalis, Ketupa ketupa, Phodilus badius, Syrnium seloputo, Collocalia linchi, Macropteryx klecho, Caprimulgus macrurus, C. affinis, Eurylemus javanicus, Carcineutes pulchellus, Halcyon melan- opterus (= H.cyaniventris), Alcedo meninting, A. biru (= 4. beryllina), Hemipus obscurus, Buchanya eineracea, Lanius bentet. Graucalus javensis, Brachypteryx montana, Oreoeichla varia, Merula javanica, Myiophoneus Hawvirostris, Arrenga cyanea, Turdinus sepiarius, Timelia pileata, Pomato- rhinus montanus, Pyenonotus bimaculatus, Pyenonotus simplex, H. & M. (= P. plumosus), Pyenonotus analis (Horsf.), Rubigula dispar, Oriniger gularis, Tole maclellandi, Chloropsis viridis, ©. javensis, Zosterops flava, Z. javanica, ZEgithina scapularis, Oriolus zanthonotus, Copsychus amenus, Siphia banyumas, Stoparola indigo, Orthotomus sepium, Prinia Familiaris, Cettia montana, Mirafra javanica, Corone enca, Phrenotris temia (= ÜUrypsorhina varians), Chotorhea javensis, Kantholema australis, Miglyptes tristis, Thriponax javensis, Ohrysocolaptes strictus, Chrysonotus tiga, Gecinus puniceus, Zanclostomus javanicus, Surniculus lugubris, Chaleococcey® szanthorhynchus, ©. basalis, Phenicophaus melanoqnathus (= Rhinococeyx curvirostris), Arboricola orientalis, Heteropygia acuminata, Scolopaw saturata, Ardeola speciosa, Dendrocygna arcuata, and D. javanica. The above list has been taken from Horsfield and Moore’s Catalogue and my “ Hznd-list of Birds,” but there may still be a few of Horsfield’s types which have escaped my notice. A certain number came into the Museum, but many were eaten up by moth. Of Raffles’ types many were represented by actual specimens as well as by drawings, and these came with the rest of the cullecıiion from the East India Company’s Museum. It is interesting to see from the intro- ductory remarks to Horsfield and Moore’s Catalogne that the ealry collectiong made by Horsfield were presented by Raffles, as Lieutenant- Birds. 397 Governor of Java, in 1813 and 1817. It was not until 1819 that Dr. Horstield presented specimens on his own account. The following Rafflesian types were added to the Museum byIthe dispersion of the India Museum :—Spizaetus caligatus, Ninox scutulata, Lanius divaricatus (? = L. tigrinus), Tephrodornis gularis, Mixornis gularis, Ethopyga siparaja, Chrysococye malayanus, Zanclostomus sumatranus, Rhinortha chloropha@a, Micropternus badius, Gecinus afinis, Chotorhea versicolor, Tanygnathus sumatranus, Ducula badia, Rallina fasciata, Eurylamus ochromelas, Corydon sumatranus, Calyptomena viridis. There were also the types of Colonel Sykes’s collection from the Deccan, described by him in the “ Proceedings of the Zoological Society for 1832 ” (pp-77-99) :—— Columba elphinstonei, Sykes, Accipiter dukhunensis(= Astur badius), Astur hyder (= Butastur teesa), Circus pallidus (= Ü. macrurus), Circus variegatus (= ©. eruginosus), Milvus govinda, Museicapa poonensis (= Alseonax latirostris), M. ceruleocephala (= Hypothymis azurea), Hemipus picatus, Petrocincla maal (= Monticola eyana), Argya malcolmi, Crateropus somervillei, Pomatorhinus horsfieldi, Hypolais rama, Burnesia socialis, Prinia inornata, Orthotomus benetti and OÖ. lingoo (= Sutoria sutoria), Budytes beema, B. melanocephala, Motaeilla melanocephalus (= M. feldeggi), Megalurus ruficeps (= Pellorneum ruficeps), Anthus agilis (= A. trivialis), Saxicola bicolor and 8. erythropygia (= Pratincola caprata), 8. rubeculoides (= Muscicapa albieilla), Calandrella dukhu- nensis, Spizalauda dera, Emberiza suberistata (= Melophus melanicterus), Lonchura cheet (= Aidemosyre malabarica), Pastor mahrattensis, Corvus culminatus, Psıttacus melanorhynchus (= Palzornis peristerodes), Cin- nyris vigorsi, O. minima, C. concolor (= Ä. vigorsi, 2). In addition 50 these very important types there are also those of several species described bv Mr. Frederie Moore :—Drachypteryx nipalensis, Pnoepyga longicaudata, Aleippe cantori (= Malacopterum affine, Blyth), Turdinus magnirostris, Mierotarsus olivaceus (= Pyenonotus simplex), M. cantori (= Pinaroecichla euptilosa), Hypsipetes nicobariensis, Iculus castaneiceps (= Staphidia castaneiceps), Irena malayensis (= I. eyanea), Nemura hodgsoni (= Nitidula hodgsoni), Ruticilla nipalensis (= R. rufiventris), k. hodgsoni, R. vigorsi (= R. erythrogaster), R. rufogularis (K. erythronota), Orthotomus flavoviridis (= O. atrigularis), Horeites major, Duya atrogularis, Prinia nipalensis (= P. inornata), Abrornis albigularis, A. hodgsoni, A. afinis, Accentor huttoni (= A. atrigularis), A. rubeculoides, ZEgithaliscus leucogenys, Vtocorys longirostris, Emberiza stracheyi, E. castaneiceps, Uroloncha leucogastroides, (Corvus sinensis (= (. levaillanti), ©. tenwirostris, Megalema macclellandi (= Thereicerys lineata), Ohrysococeyx hodgsoni (= C. maculatus), Upupa nigripennis, Arachnothera temmincki (= 4. erassirostris). Of McdQlelland’s species described in the “ Proceedings of the Zoological Society ” for 1839 (pp. 146-167), the types of ıhe following were acuired from the India Museum :— Spizaetus (= Astur) rufitinctus, Tinnunculus interstinctus, Hirundo brevirostris (= (ollocalia brevirostris), H. brevi- caudata (= Ulivieola sinensis), Phenicornis elegans (= FPericrocotus speciosus) (cf. Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Bıris, I., p. 474), P. afinis (= P. brevirostris), Muscicapa (= Hemipus) capitalis, Iolemacclellandi, Hypsipetes gracilis (= Lioptila yracilis), Graucalus maculosus (= Campophaga lugubris), Ianthocincla gularis, I. lunaris (= Dryonastes ruficollis), Ixus monticola (= Otocompsa j0cosa), Sawicola olivea (= Oligura cyaniventer), Liothrix lepida (= Siva cyanuroptera), L. signata (= Niltava mac- gregorie), L. ornata (= Minla ignotineta, but the type was apparently 398 Zoology. never sent to the India Museum), Mirafra assamica, M. flavicollis (= Emberiza aureola), Lonchura melanocephala (= Munia atricapilla), Dendroeitta frontalis, Coracias afinis, Gecinulus grantia, Oinnyris assa- mensis (= Ethopyga saturata), O. labecula (= E. seherie), Chloropsis chrysogaster (= (0. hardwicki). Ingall (G.). 88 specimens of sterna, etc., of British birds. Presented. [44. 12.28, 1-88.] Ingham (Sir James). 13 specimens from the Louisiade Archipelagro and Cloudy Bay, S.E. New Guinea. Presented. [78. 10. 19, 1-13.] These were obtained by his son, who was an official in British New Guinea when the colony was first founded. This collection contained an example of Goura albertisi, received by the Museum for the first time. Inglis (J.). See WATKINS and DONCASTER. Mr. Inglis collected in Cachar, and a series of his skins is in the Hume Collection. He has also written several papers on birds (cf. Stray F., v., pp. 1-47 ; ix., pp. 241-259; Journ. Bomb. N. H. Soec., xiii., pp. 621- 631; xiv., pp. 132-139, 362-371, 554-563, 764-771; xv., pp. 70-77, 337-343. Ingram (CoLLınGwoon). 26 birds from Argentina. Presented. [1901.9.25,1-18; 1901.11.9, 1-8.] A variety of the Mistle Thrush (Turdus viscivorus). Presented. [1905. 7. 1,1.] A specimen of Turtur ferrago. Presented. [1904. 7. 3, 1.] Mr. Collingwood Ingram is the son of Sir William Ingram, Bart., and has collected specimens for the Museum in the countries in which he travels. Ingram (Sir Wıruıam), Bart. 135 birds from San Paulo, Brazil. Presented. [1901. 3. 28, 1-103; 1902. 2. 22, 1-32.] This collection was made by M. Robert at Sao Paulo, S.E. Brazil, and presented by Sir William Ingram, who was one of the subscribers to the expedition. 4 specimens of Orypturus tataupa, Plegadis faleinellus and Phlogeenas crinigera. Presented. [1904.12.3, 1-2; 1904. 12 20,1; 1904. 12. 29, 1.] 2 young specimens of the Abyssinian Francolin (Piernistes leucoscepus). Presented. [1905. 6. 22, 1-2.] A Cape Penguin. [1905. 7. 23, 1.] A young Scarlet Ibis (Eudocimus ruber). Presented. [1905.8.3,1.] A specimen of Rhynchotus rufescens. Presented. [1905. 9. 1,1.] A Francolin and a Burmese Myna (Ampeliceps coronatus). Presented. [1905. 9. 13,1; 1905. 11. 12, 1.] Irby (Col. Leonarn HowaARrD). 98 birds from Gibraltar and Southern Spain. Presented. [72. 10.3, 22-64; 72.10.4,5; 80.12. 14, 1-44; 87.6. 3,1-5; 87. 6. 29, 1-5.] 9 birds from Suffolk. Presented. [88. 3. 10, 1-9.] 9 birds from the island ot Tiree. Presented. [88. 12. 15, 1-9.] Birds. 399 A specimen of the Hobby (Falco subbuteo) from Cuckfield, Sussex. Presented. [1904. 10. 14, 1.] Colonel Irby is the well-known historian of the Omithology of the Straits of Gibraltar (cf. London, 1875, 8vo, pp. 1-236; 2nd edition, London, 1895, 8vo, pp. 1-326). Among the rare species presented by him to the Museum from Southern Spain was Savi’s Warbler (Locustella luscinioides), of which he gave a series of the birds with nests and eggs. Jackson (Captain FREDERICK G.). 33 birds from Cape Flora and other places in Franz Josef Land. Pre- sented. [98. 1. 2, 1-33.] Nest and eggs, with parent-birds, of the Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea). Presented. Mr. Jackson was the leader of the Jackson-Harmsworth expedition to the Arctic (ef. his work, “ A Thousand Days in the Arctic,” London and New York, 1899 (?), 8vo, I., pp. xxi, 551; II., pp. xv, 580). He was keenly interested in natural history, and did what he could to collect during his two winters passed in Franz Josef Land. He discovered a nesting colony of the Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea), and presented to the Museum an interesting case of these birds, with the nest and eggs . in situ—one of the most interesting of the bird-groups. He also recorded, for the first time, the occurrence of the Lapland Bunting (Calcarius lapponicus) in Franz Josef Land. Jackson (FREDERICK J.), 0.B., C.M.@. 162 birds from Teita and Mt. Kilimanjaro, Manda Island and Lamu. Presented. [87. 11. 3, 1-33, 54-176; 87. 11. 29, 1-7; 88. 2.1, 1-44. | This collection contained no less ihan 18 species new to the Museum, including thetype of Ploceus jacksoni and many other valuable specimens. lt was described by Capt. Shelley in the “bis” for 1888 (pp. 287-306, pls. vi. and vii.). Two eggs of Struthio massaicus. Presented. [91.1. 30, 1, 2.) 47 birds from Mount Elgon and the neighbouring districts. Pre- sented. [93. 12. 1, 1-47.] Of these 47 specimens, no less than 44 were types of new species. The collection was described by me in the “Ibis” for 1891, pp. 117-127, 233-260, pls. iv.-vi., 587-602, pls. xii. and xiii., 1892, pp. 152-164, pl. iv., 299-322, pl. vii., 534-555, pl. xiv. 10 types of new species from Uganda. Presented. [97. 4. 1,1; 97. 10. 31, 1-9.] 18 types of new species from the Nandi district. Presented. [99. 8. 13, 1-8; 1900. 6. 22, 1-6; 1901. 10. 9, 12; 1901. 11. 12, 1-2.] 26 types of new species from the Ruwenzori Range. Presented. 930221228, 1-17; 1903..9: 16, 1; 1904: 4. 25, 1; 190& 6. 28,1, 2; 1905. 1. 10, 1-4; 1906. 1.5, 1.] Described by me in the “ Bulletin cf the British Ornithologists’ Club,” vol. vi., p. xlviii.; viı., pp. vi., vii.; x., pp. xxvii., xxviii.; xi., pp. 28, 29, 57; xiii., pp. 7-10, 20, 21, 50; xiv.,pp. 19, 94; and by Mr. Jackson in vols. viii. (pp. xxii., 1.), xiv., pp. 74, 94. A few spec’es have also been described by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, and others by Mr. Oscar Neumann. 8 birds from British East Africa and Uganda. Presented. [1904. 10. 10, 1-8.] Some idea of the value of Mr. Jackson’s donations to the National 400 Zoology. Uollection may be gathered from the following list of types (96 in number) presented by him :——Francolinus jacksoni, F. uluensis, F. strep- phorus, F. elgonensis, F. kikuyuensis, Numida reichenowi, Haplopelia Jacksoni, Turturena sharpei, Lophoceros jacksoni, Irrisor jacksoni, Melitto- phagus oreobates, Ouculus jacksoni, Barbatula leucomystax, B. jacksoni, Gymmobucco cinereiceps, Trachyphonus elgonensis, Dendromus pallidus, Dendropicus nandensis, Mezopieus ruwenzori, Hirundo arctieincta, Pari- soma jacksoni, Platystira jacksoni, Oryptolopha leta, ©. mackenziana, Trochocercus albonotatus, Graucalus purus, Bleda pallidigula, B. kaka- meg&, BD. kikuyuensis, b. leucolema, Andropadus letissimus, Orateropus buxtoni, Turdinus atriceps, T. jacksoni, Dathmedonia jacksoni, Merula elgonensis, M.barake, Callene equatorialis, Cossypha griseisticta, C.warcheri, Erythropygia ukambensis, Alethe poliophrys, Myrmecocichla eryptoleuca, Cisticola ambigua, ©. chubbi, Oalamoeichla jacksoni, Oryptillas rufescen:, Apalis pulchra, A. jacksoni, A. personata, Euprinodes cinereus, Dryodro- mas rufidorsalis, Sylviella jarksoni, 8. minima, 8. leucophrys, 8. barak, Camaroptera griseigula, Burnesia ugande (= B. reichenowi, Hartl.), Fiscus mackinnoni, Dryoscopus albofasciatus, D. pringlei, D. nandensis, D. jack- soni, Laniarius castaneiceps (= D. lühderi, Reichenow), Parus nigri- einereus, P. barakz, Zosterops kikuyuensis, Nectarinia barake (= N. purpureiventris, Reichenow), N. zneigularis, N. jacksoni (= N tacazze, Rüpp.), Oyanomitra alinez, Cinnyris bradshawi (= (©. deminuta, Cab.), ©. reichenowi, Anthus latistriatus, Maeronyx wintoni, M.sharpei, Serinus albifrons, Poliospiza striatipeetus, Drepanoplectes jacksoni, Penthetriopsis humeralis, Urobrachya nigronotata, Pyromelana szanthochlamys (= P. ansorgei, Hartert), Oryplospiza jacksoni, O. ocularis, ©. shelleyi, Heter- hyphantes stephanophorus, Hyphantornis jacksoni, Sycobrotus insignis, S.nandensis, Nigrita schistacea, Sitagra aliena, Lamprotornis brevicauda, Galeopsar salvadorii, Po&optera greyi, Amydrus elgonensis, Pholidauges sharpei. Jamaica Institute. 20 birds from Jamaica. Purchased. [1905. 1. 31, 1-20.] James (Harry BERKELEY). 1382 birds and 678 eggs from Chili. Presented. [91. 9. 9, 1-263; 92. 2.10, 1-1042; 93.7.1, 1-63; 96. 12. 31, 3-16; 98. 1. 4, 1-678.] Mr. Berkeley Ja'nes made considerable collections of birds himself and purchased specimens from Leybold and other Chilian naturalists. He also acquired the collections made by Messrs. Rahmerand A. A. Lane in 'Tara- pacä (cf. Sel., P.Z.S., 1886, pp. 395-404, pl. xxxvi.). Mr. James wrote the “New List of Chilian Birds,” which is the latest catalogue of the birds of that portion of South America. His donation of such a complete series of birds and eggs was a very valuable one. It included the type of Phonicopterus jumesi and a Sand Plover (Kgialitis occidentalis), new to the collection. James (Sir H. Evan). 62 birds from South Manchuria. Presented. [86. 12. 21, 1-45; 87. 6. 2, 1-37.] Two interesting collections of birds were presented by Sir Evan James, being the only ones which the Museum has ever obtained from this part of Northern Asia. Sir Evan James, when stationed in Sind, made some collections ot birds which he sent to Mr. Hume (Str. F.,i.. pp. 419-421; iii., p. 418; v., pp. 61, 62; ix.,p. 235). Birds. 401 James (Dr.). ‚See Hıccıns, T. 12 birds from British New Guinea. [77. 4. 6, 1-12.] Jameson (Mrs.). 17 specimens from Yambuya, on the Aruwhimi River, Upper Congo. [90. 3. 3, 1-17.] These birds were presented to the Museum by Mrs. ‚Jameson after her husband’s death ; 6 species were new to the Museum, and the types of 3 new species, described by Capt. Shelley in the “Ibis” for 1890 (pp. 156-170, pl. v.), and by myself in the Appendix to the “ Story of the Rear-column ” (1890, pp. 392-422) (Cossypha burtteloti, Pholidornis Jamesoni and Diaphorophyia jamesoni), were added. 205 specimens from Mashona Land. Presented. [1900. 2. 4, 1-205.] This was the collection made by the late J. S. Jameson during his well- known expedition to Mashona Land in the days wlıen it was practical y unexplored. He was accom; anied by the veteran naturalist, Mr. Thomas Ayres, who wrote some interesting notes on tlıe habits of the birds collected by the expedition (c/. Shelley, Ibis, 1882, pp. 236-263, 349-368, pl. vii.). A few specimens were given by Jameson to Capt. Snelley, and nave passed into the Museum along with the Shelley collection of African birds, and the remainder were presented by Mrs. Jameson. 102 specimens from the Aruwhimi River. Presented. [1900. 2. 10, 1-102.] This was the collection made during tbe Emin Pasha relief expedition, and was viven by Mrs. Jameson after her husband’s death. A second collection, left by Jameson at the time of his death at Yambuya, never reached his wife, but was ultimately disposed of by a survivor of the expedition to the Hon. Walter Rothschild as having been collected by hiinself; some of the specimens, however, bore labels in the handwriting of uıy late friend. 59 specimens {rom the Lawas liiver, N.W.Borneo. Presented. [1901. 1. 31, 1-59.] In 1877 Jameson visittd N.W. Borneo, and made an expedition up the Lawas River, which was tuen very little known. He discovered Machzrhamphus aleinus in Borneo, but most of his early collections were mounted in glass cases, and unly a small portion of the Lawas series passed into the Museum. Jameson was an enthusiastic collector, and made a great mistake in paying money to be allowed to join the Stanley expedition for the relief of Emin Pasha. He could easily have made an expedition on his own account, and would then have had a real opportunity for collecting; as it was he was able to do very little natural history work on the Congo, and ultimately lost his life. His aim was to have done something important in the way of scientific exploration, and his “ Apologia ” is to be seen in his posthumous volume on the adventures uf the Rear-column (q.v., }p. 392-422). Janson (EpwArp Westey). 9 birds from Chili. Purchased. [72. 5. 27, 16-24]. 17 birds from Japan. Purchased. [76. 7. 25, 1-17.] 9 birds from the Fiji Islands, collected by Dr. Smith. Purchased. [78. 8. 3, 1-9.] 38 birds from Japan and the Liu-Kiu Islands, collected by the late Harry Pryer. Purchased. [80. 11.1, 1-26; 87. 10. 2, 1-12.] VOL. II. 2D 402 Zoology. Two species of Woodpeckers (Gecinus awokera and Iyngipicus kisuki) were new to the collection. 6 birds from Queensland, collected by Mr. Horace Flower. Purchased. [81. 3. 5, 1-6.] 40 birds from Japan, collected by Professor Milne. Purchased. [83. 3.29, 1-40.] 27 specimens from the Tenimber Islands, Buru, and Amboina, collecied by Dr. H. O. Forbes. Purchased. [84. 5. 14, 1-27.] These were a few additional specimens from the Timor-laut expedition, with the type of Myzomela wakoloensis, and examples of Aprosmictus buruensis and Rhipidura lenzi, new to the c. llectiou. 11 specimens of British birds from the sale of the Vingoe collection. Purchased. [89. 5. 27, 1-11.] Among these was the specimen of the Iceland Gull (Larus islandicus), shot in Mounv’s Bay in April 1873. Janson (OLIVER E.). 41 birds from Luzon, Philippine Islands, collected by Mr. John White- head. Purchased. [96. 1. 17, 1-15; 96. 1. 18, 1-26.] 24 species new to the collection. 76 birds from Samar, Negros, Mindoro, Leyte, and North Luzon, also collected by Mr. John Whitehead. [98. 1. 11, 1-76.] The Museum purchased the second set of Mr. Whitehead’s collection from his Philippine expedition. 104 birds in spirits and 34 eges from C'osta Rica, collected by Mr. C. F. Underwood. Purchised. [99. 11. 30, 1-34; 1900. 6. 21, 1-104.] Mr. Underwood is a well-known collector in Costa Rica, and has described some of his experiences in a paper published in the “Ibis” tor 1896, pp. 431-451. 5 birds from Flying Fish Cove, Christmas Island. Purchased. [1900. 3. 23, 1-5.] 104 birds in spirits from Costa Rica, collected by Mr. C. F. Underwood. [1900. 6. 21, 1-104.] 122 eggs from Costa Rica, collected by Mr. C. F. Underwood. [1904. 7. 10.9.1227 47 nests and eggs from Costa Rica, collected by Mr. C. F. Underwood. Purchased. [1905. 9. 6, 1-47.] Mr. E. W. Janson was a very well-known entomologist, and com- menced business with his son Oliver in Bloomsbury in 1867 as a natural history agent, bookseller and publisher. He was of Dutch extraction, was born March 14, 1822, and educated at the college of La Fleche in France, and afterwards in Edinburgh. The agency is continued by Mr. Oliver Janson since his father’s death on Sept. 14, 1891. The son is also a good entomologist. The library formed by Mr. E. W. Janson passed into the possession of Mr. Van de Poll of Amsterdam, and his collection of Elateridz was purchased by the British Museum. Jardine (Sir WırLıam), Bart. 5 birds from Tobago. Presented. [45. 4. 17, 1-5.] These were a few birds from the Tobago collection sent by Mr. Kirk to Sir W. Jardine, and described in the “ Contributions to Ornithology ” for 1852 (pp. 63-68). For the dispersal of the Jardine collection, see antea, p. See also “ Diet. Nat. Biogr.,” xxix., pp. 251-252. Birds. 403 Jayakar (Surgeon-General A. S.). 174 birds from Muscat. Presented. [88. 10.13, 1-13; 91.2.1,1-56; 98. 5. 16, 1-75; 99. 2. 6, 1-30.] The first colleetion made by Dr. Jayakar was presented by Colonel Miles, the Governor of Muscat, to the Museum, which has received several subsequent consignments of valuable birds from Dr. Jayakar himself. I described the original collection in the “ Ibis” for 1886 (pp. 162-168, pl. vi.), where a new Eagle-Owl (Bubo milesi) was firured. A new Bee- eater (Merops muscatensis, Sharpe) was figured by Mr. H. E. Dresser in his “ Monograph of the Bee-eaters” (pl. 10). Jerdon (T. C.). 147 biris from various parts of India. Presented. [45. 1. 10, 1-57; 46. 4. 30, 1-51; 46. 11. 9, 16-49; 47. 3. 18, 11-15.] Most of Dr. Jerdon’s specimens were registered and published as from “Madras.” 'I’'his may be true as regards the Presidency from which they came, but it is certain that his early collectivus were made in the Nilshiri Hills, though he also travelled tlırvugh the Carnatic, the Northern Circars, the Wynaad, etc. Most of the types of his new species appear to have been presented to the Museum, but not all. I have discovered the following types in the collection :——Ochromela nigrorufa, Turdulus wardi, Merula simillima, Hypsipetes nilghiriensis, Prinia sylvatica, Acrocephalus agricola, Pyenonotus xantholema, Malacocercus orientalis (= ÜOrateropus canorus), Megalurus striatus (= Ohztornis locustelloides), Mirafra erythroptera, M. afinis, M. hayi (= Spizalauda deva), Dendrocopus ellioti (= Chrysocolaptes festivus), Gecinus chlorigaster, Rhopodytes viridirostris, Osmotreron bieincta, Crocopus chlorigaster, Lophophorus sclateri, Tragopan blythi. The types of Muscicapula supereiliaris, Munia pectoralis, Anthus similis, Ducula cuprea, Iyngipicus hardwickei, Micropternus gularis, Thriponaw hodgsoni, and Macrorhamphus semipalmatus do not appıar to have come to the Museum. One of the types of Hirundo iytleri was given by Jerdon to Gould, aud by the latter to Seebohm [98. 10. 20,187]. 17 birds troın Upper Burma. Presented. [62. 1. 17, 12-28.] Included the types of Orypsirhina cucullata, Pericrocotus albifrons, Pycenonotus blanfordi, Pyetorhis altirostris, Orthotomus coronatus, Sturnia nemoricola, and S. burmanica. 'T'hese species were described by Blyth (J.A.S. Beng, xxxi., ». 342, 1862) and by Jerdon himself (P.Z.S., 1861, p. 199, 1862, p. 19). Jerdon was only sixty-one years of age when he died, and I knew him very well after his retiırement from India. He entered the service of the Hon. East Indıa Company in 1835, and in 1869 he was a “ Retired Deputy Inspector-General of Hospitals” His early work was done in the Madras Presideney, but he alterwards visited other parts of the Empire, discovered some new species in Sikhim and again in Assam and Burma, receiving from the Government of India special facilities for travel and collecıiing. His “Birds of India” was an epoch-making book, and laid the foundation for the splendid work which was inaugurated by Mr. Hume and his successors (cf. “ Ibis,” 1872, p. 342; Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxix., p. 338). An excellent memoir of Jerdon and his work was published by his old friend, Sir Walter Elliot, in the “ Proceedings of the Berwickshire Naturalists’ Club.” 2D23 404 Zoology. Jesse (W.) Naturalist to the Abyssinian Expedition, 1868. He arrived too late to accompany the march to Maglala, but collected around Senafe, and afterwards accompanied Dr. W. T. Blanford in an excursion to the Anseba Valley. His collection was purchased by the Marquis of Tweeddale, and was presented to the Museum, with the rest of the Tweeddale collection, by Colonel Warilaw Ranısay (q.v.). Johnston (Sir Harry H.), @.0.M.@., K.O.B. 1400 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented. [92. 9. 10, 1-267; 93.6.1, 1-334; 93.7. 30, 1-168; 94. 5.5,1-148; 94.8. 20,1-35; 96. 2.10,1-15; 97.11. 4, 1-389; 97. 12. 29, 1-39.] These collections were described by Capt. Shelley in the “Ibis” for the following years :—1893 (pp. 1-29, pls. i.-iii.), 1894 (pp. 1-28, pls. i., ii. ; pp. 461-478, pl. xii.), 1896 (pp. 177-184, pl. iv.), 1897 (pp. 518-554, pls. xi., xii.), 1898 (pp. 316-381). The foll»wing species were characterised as new by the above-named author :—Francolinus johnstoni, Haplopelia johnstoni, Agapornis lilianz, Prodotiscus zambesiz, Lybius zombez, Smilorhis whytei, Hirundo astigma (=H.emini), Alseonax subadusta, Pogonocichla johnstoni, Batis dimorpha, Andropadus masukuensis, kurillas zombensis, Phyllostrophus cervini- wentris, Bleda milanjensis, DB. fuseiceps, B. olivaceiceps (= B. strüifacies), Merula milanjensis, Cossypha modesta, Callene unomala, Oryptülas nyas, Cisticola nigriloris, Apalis flaviqularis, Sylviella whytei, Laniarius bertrandi, Parus zanthostomus, Serinus whytei, Pyrenestes minor, Cryptospiza australis, Hyphantornis bertrandi, HA. nyas&, Oriolus chloricephalus. 181 birds from Uganda and other parts of British Equatorial Africa. [1901. 10. 20, 1-158; 1901. 10. 24, 1-23.] This collection, made during Sir Harry Johnston’s travels in Uganda as H.B.M. Commissioner, when he visited Mau, Baringo, Suk, Nandi, Elgon, Basoga, Uganda, Unyoro, Toro, the Aukole districts, Ruwenzori, the Semliki Valley, and the forests on the border of the Congo Free State. In these journeys he had as taxidermist Mr. Walter G. Doggett, who was afterwards unfortunately drowned during the late Anglo-German Frontier Commission. This collection I have described in the “Ibis” for 1902 (pp. 96-121, pl. v.), where is also figured the beautiful new Touracou, Gallirex johnstoni, Sharpe. Sir Harry Johnston, in addition to being a famous administrator of British African yossessions, has always actively developed the natural resources of the countries over which he has ruled, and both in Nyasa- Land, where he was H.B.M. Commissioner for many years, and in Uganda, where his later administrative work was done, he has made valuable collections of natural history objects. Forty species new to the Museum, with 30 types of new species, were sent by him from Nyasa- Land. 'hese birds were chiefly collected by Mr. Alexander Whyte, the Government botanist. Since Sir Harry’s retirement from Nyasa-Land, the good work of zoological exploration has been continued by his successors, General Manning and Sir Alfred Sharpe. ‚See also antea, BRITISH ASSOCIATION. Johnstone (Sir FREDERIC), Bart. 169 birds from the West Indies and Venezuela. Presented. [1904. 3. 25, 1-5; 1904. 5. 28, 1-164.] Birds. 405 Jones (Lieut. W. A. Warts), R.E. 8 birds from Yun-nan. Presented. [99. 8. 5, 1-8.] These were skins of Game Birds, Peacocks (Pavo muticus), and Amherst’s Pheasants (O'rysolophus amherstie). Lieut. Watts Jones had all the making of a good collector in him, but he was unfortunately killed during the outbreak of the Boxers in China. Jones (Major Henry). 6 specimens of the Sungarian Pheasant (Phasianus alpherakyi), from Kharbin. New to the collection. Presented. [1903. 4. 5, 1-6.] 7 birds from South Paraguay. Presented. [1904. 4. 6, 1-7.) Major Jones has made a special study of the Game-Birds (Galliformes) and Ducks (Anseriformes), and has a series of really beautiful paintings, all executed by himself, and illustrating monographically every species of the above-mentioned Orders of birds. The specimens of Phasianus alpherakyi which he gave to the Museum were purchased by him in Leadenhall Market, when a large consignment arrived from Kharbin in 1903. Jourdain (Rev. F. C. R.). 4 esgs of the Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa) from Holland. Presented. [1904. 7. 2, 1-4.] Jukes (Dr. JosEpH BEETE). 153 specimens of birds and eggs, mostly from the northern coast of Australia and Tasmania. Presented. [44. 7. 16, 1-107; 46. 10. 14, 1-35 ; 46. 10. 15, 1-16. ] Dr. Jukes was naturalist to H.M.S. F7y on the surveying expedition of that vessel to Cape York, Port Essington, and the northern coast of Australia. See his book, the “ Voyage of H.M.S. 71,” vols. i., pp. 1-423, ii., pp. 1-362 (1847). The Fly River, in Southern New Guinea, was discovered during the voyage of the Fly, and was named after the ship (ef. Dict. Nat. Biogr., xxx., p. 224). Kaup (Dr. J.). 5 European birds. Presented. [46.1.1, 1-5.] Dr. Kaup was a well-known figure in scientific circles during the early years of the nineteenth century, and was a devoted exponent of the quinary system. He was for many years Director of the Darmstadt Museum, and made special study of the Aceipitres (ef. Jardine’s “ Con- tributions to Ornithology for 1852,” pp. 103-122; Tr. 2. 8., iv., pp. 201- 260, pls. lvi., lvii.). On the Fulconide he wrote monographic articles in the “Isis” (1847, pp. 39-79, 83-121, 161-212, 241-283, 325-386). His “ Skizzirte Entwickelungs-Geschichte u. natürl. System der europ. Thierwelt,” in 1829, was one of the important books of the quinary times, and contained many descriptions of new genera, which were well characterised, and many of them are recognised at the present day. Kelaart (Dr. E. F.). 21 specimens from Ceylon. Presented. [52. 11. 26, 9-29.] Dr. Kelaart was the pioneer of our knowledge of the Avifauna of Ceylon, and his “ Prodromus Faun& Zeylanic® ” was for many years the standard book on the subject, until the appearance of Colonel Legge’s monumental work. 406 Zoology. The types of hıs new species, described by Blyth, went to the Calcutta Museum (cf. Lesge, Birds of Ceylon, Introduction, p. x.). Kellett (Capt.) [afterwards Sir Hexer]. 273 birds from the Pacific Coast of North America. [50. 1. 31, 1-230; 51. 9. 10, 1-21; 51. 10.1, 1-22] When in command of the Herald, in 1850, Capt. Kellett and Lieut. Wood made considerable collections of birds, some of which were of great interest to the Museum. Apparently all were proj.erly labelled, but the smaller birds were put into paper cones which came off in transit, and very few of the original labels were preserved. (f. Speelman, “ Voy. H.M.S. Herald,” 2 vols., 8vo, 1853. 8 nests and eggs of birds from Panama. Presented. [50.2. 12, 1-8.] Qy. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxx., p. 342. Kelsall (Major H. J.). 36 birds from Singapore and Pahang in the Malay Peninsula. Presented. [94. 2. 3, 1-36.] Kemp (Rosın). 72 birds from Sierra Leone. Presented. [1903. 8. 9, 1-24; 1908. 9. 15, 25-72.] 6 specimens of the Sierra Leone Francolin (Francolinus thornei). Presented. [1903. 11. 3, 1-6.] 473 birds irom Sierra Leone. Purchased. [1904. 6. 3, 1; 1904. 6. 5, 1-242; 1905. 1. 25, 1-230.] 205 birds from Lower Nigeria. Purchased. [1906. 2. 1, 1-20).] Mr. Robin Kemp was born in North London in 1871, and in 1902 was Assistant Accountant to the railway then being coustructed at Sierra Leone. He made three collections ot birds during his stay in that colony, one at Rotitunk in 1902, and two at Bo in 1903 and 1904. He discovered an interesting new Bush Babbler, which has been named by me Amauroeichla kempi (cf. Ibis, 1905, p. 231). Mr. Kemp has recently made a collection of birds on the Lower Niger, and has described a new species of Weaver-Finch as Zstrilda anambrae. Kennedy (Capt. A. W. M. CLArk-). 21 birds from his collection, sold at Stevens’ auction rooms. [86. 4.20, 1-21.] I tirst remember Clark-Kennedy as a boy at Eton, when I helped him in the preparation of his “Birds of Berkshire and Buckinghamshire ” (8vo, 1568). This was a capital book to have been written by a boy of sixteen, and gave promise that the author would develop into a first-rate ornithologist. For some years Clark-Kennedy kept up an interest in birds, especially in Ducks and Wild-fowl, but he never afterwards did any serious work, and died young (cf. Ibis, 1868, p. 337). Kenrick (Major). 21 birds from the Kilimanjaro district Presented. [9s. 7. 24, 1-21.] Among these specimens was the type of a new species of Pxoptera, which Capt. Shelley named P. kenricki. Kensington (Lord). 2 specimens of the Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) from South Wales. Presented. [1905. 2. 20, 1-2.] Gronp ol Carrion Crows wıth nest and eggs [rom South Wales, May. Presented. Birds. 407 Kerr (J. Grauan). See PAGE, Capt. (infra, p. ). Kershaw (J. C.). 3 eggs and 3 nests from Macao, South China. Presented. [1905. 6. 29, 1-6.] Kew, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens. 43 specimens from Bogota collected by Mr. Purdie [81. 12. 8, 1-43 ; ee 25, 1: 998.25, 1-2.] Specimens of the Gentoo Penguin (ZP’ygoscelis papua); Sheldrake (Tadorna tadorna); 2 Pelecans (Pelecanus onocrotalus); 1 Üereopsis Goose (Cereopsis nov& hollandiz);, and a nestling Stork ((tconia ciconia). Eresented. 51900. 8. 17, 1; 1901. 5. 5, 1; 1903. 3. 6, 1-2; 1908. 7. 5, 1; 1904. 5.°81, 1.] King (PuıLıp PARKER). ‚See Hist. Coll. Brit. Mus. (N.H.), vol. i., Botany, p. 159. King (Dr.). Collected for Mr. A. O. Hume in Mt. Abu. His specimens are in the Hume Collection. Kirk (Sir Jonn), K.O.B., @.0.M.@G. 115 birds from the Shire River and Lake Nyasa, and from other parts of Zambesia. [63. 12. 30, 1-39; 74. 4. 29, 20-31; 84. 2. 6, 1-64.] These specimens were collected by Sir John Kirk when he was chief ofüicer to the Livingstone Expedition of 1858-1864. The collection was described by Dr. Sclater in the “Ibis” for 1864 (pp. 301-307, pl. viii.), and by Sir John himselt (£.c., pp. 307-339). There were also many specimens obtained by the expedition and prepared by him, which reached the Museum through the Foreign Offce, by the direction of Earl Russell. [60. 12. 31, 1-193; 63. 12. 8, 1-43.] During the preparation of their work on the Birds of East Africa, Drs. Finsch and Hartlaub visited the British Museum and described several species which had remained undetermined in our cabinets. Among these birds, described in the “Vögel Ostafrika’s” by Drs. Finschj and Hartlaub, were Nicator chloris (p. 360), Hyphantornis wanthopterus (p. 399), and Erythrocercus livingstonei (p. 302). Mr. G. R. Gray described a new Touraco as Turacus livingstonei (P.Z.S., 1864, p. 44) and Inamed the Zambesi Babbling Thrush Crater- opus kirki (Sharpe, ed. Layard, B. S. Afr., p. 213, 1875). While Consul-General at Zauzıbar Sir John Kirk sent collectors te various parts of East Africa, Lamo, Melindi, and the Usambara Hills, and he himself visited the Comoro Islands (ef. Shelley, P.Z.S., 1379, pp. 673-679; 1881, pp. 561-602, pl. lii.). Several new species were described by Capt. Shelley, to whom the collections were sent (vide infra, p. ; Of. “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 860. Kirtland (Professor J. P.). 22 specimens from Ohio. [44. 1. 15, 1-22.]. Professor Kirtland was a well-known zoologist of the early part of the nineteenth century. Dendraca kürtlandi was named after him by Professor Baird. 408 Zoology. Kleinschmidt ( ): ‚See GODEFFROY MUSEUM. Kleinschmidt was one of the best of the collectors employed by the celebrated brothers Godeffroy. He explored the Fiji Islands, and after- wards collected in New Britain, where he was murdered by the natives in 1881. Knowles (H.). 29 specimens of Tits (Parus palustris and Parus ater). Purchased. [99. 8. 1, 1-29.]. Mr. Knowles is a dealer in Hammersmith, and has procured many Tits for our series of Bıitish Paride. Kosslowsky (J.). See RosENBERG, W. [See postea,p. .)] A Russian naturalist who made a large collection of birds in the Chubut Valley in Patagonia. This collection was secured for the Museum through the good oflices of Mr. Thursby. Krauss (Professor). 22 birds from South Africa. Presented. [40. 6. 24, 26-47.] Krüper (Dr. Tn.). Director of the Museum at Athens, who has collected much in Greece and in the neichbourhood of Smyrna. Mr. Seebohm made an excursion with him. Kühn (Heinrich). See ROSENBERG. Mr. Kühn has been exploring several of the Molucca Islands for the Hon. Walter Rothschild, and a few duplicates from his collection of birds have been purchased by the Museum [c/. Hartert, Nov. Zool., vii., pp. 13-14 (1900); vii., pp. 1-5, 93-101, 163-176 (1901); x., pp. 18-38, 232-254 (1903); xi., pp. 174-221 (1904)]. Lagden (Sir GoDFREY). 19 birds from Kumasi in Ashanti. Presented. [84. 1. 15, 1-19.] In this small collection was the type of a new species of Bush Shrike (Laniarius lagdeni) (cf. Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1884, p. 54, pl. v. Of. “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 872. Laglaize (Leon). See BoucArD, A. The Museum haus purchased through M. Boucard several specimens obtained by M. Laglaize in Senegambia and in New Guinea, where he discovered some fine new species of birds. Landbeck ( ): A well-known collector of Chilian birds, and author, with Dr. Filippi, of several papers on the subject. Langworthy (E. M.). 50 birds from Kashmir, etc. Presented. [76. 10. 17, 22-71.] Birds. 409 Lansdell (Rev. Dr.). ‚See GERRARTD, E. Dr. Lansdell brought back from Kashmir and Tibet a small collection of birds, containing some species of interest to the Museum (cf. his book on “Russian Central Asia,” 1885). Larkin (Colonel EpGAr). 9 birds from Upper Egypt. Presented. [93. 7. 12, 1-9.] La Touche (J. D.). 85 nests of birds from N. W. Fohkien. Presented. [99. 2. 9, 1-76; 99. 2. 21, 1-9.] 57 birds and eggs from Kuatun. Presented. [99.8. 16, 1-29; 1901. 1. 20, 1-28.] 2 birds from Formosa and Chinkiang, including one species new to the eollectivn. Presented. [1905. 6. 15, 1-2.] Mr. La Touche is an energetic collector of birds, and especially of egss, in China, and has presented a very interesting series to the Museum [cf. Ibis, 1837, pp. 469, 470; 1892, pp. 400-430, 477-503; 1895, p. 305 ; 1896, pp. 489-495 ; 1897, pp. 138, 169-176, pl. iv., 600-610; 1898, pp. 328-333, 356-373; 1599, pp. 169-210, 400-451; 1900, pp. 34-51; Bull. B.O.C., vi, p. 37 (1897); viii., p. 9 (1898)]. Laugier de Chartrouse (Baron). 309 specimens fıom his collection. Purchased. [37. 6. 10, 372-681. ] Baron Laugier was coadjutor with Temminck in the “ Planches Coloriees.” The sale of his collection took place in Paris in 1857, and a copy of the Catalogue in the British Museum bears the following note: “La vente publique de cette collection se fera au mois de juin 1837. Le jour en sera fixe ulterieurement par les journaux jusqu’& cette epoque. On traiterait a l’amiable de la totalite.” "This sale-catalogue was printed at Arles and sent to Dr. J. E. Gray, and we are further informed: “La rapidite avec laquelle a &t& fait ce travail, et l’absence du proprieta're, n’out pas permis de suivre d’autre classification que celle des armoires de la galerie.” Unfortunstely no attempt seems to have been made at the time to identify any of the specimens described and figured in the “ Planches Coloriees,” and many of them have since been given away as duplicates. Layard (Epcar LeoroLn), 0.M.@. Ste also Hıcaıns, T.; Trıstram, Canon. 27 eggs from Ceylon. Presented. [53. 12. 6, 1-27.] 106 eggs from South Africa. Presented. [69. 10. 8, 1-106.] Mr. Layard was an ornithologist from h's youth, and when a civil servant in Ceylon, where he served from 1846 to 1855, he did excellent work, as will be seen by his papers in the second series of the “ Annals and Magazine of Natural History ” (vols. xii. (1853), pp. 97-107, 165- 176, 262-272; xiü. (1854), pp. 123-131, 212-218, 257-264, 446-453; xziv. (1854), pp. 57-64, 105-115, 264-272). Layard has given the following account of his Ceylonese days in Leage’s “ Birds of Ceylon ” (Introduction, p. ix.): “I arrived in Ceylon in March 1846, and for some time, having no employment, amused my leisure in collecting for my more than friend, Dr. Templeton, who had nursed me through a dangerous illness, and in whom I found a congenial spirit. My chief attractions there were the glorious Lepidoptera of the island; but I always carried a light single-barrelled gun in a strap on my 410 Zoology. back to shoot specimens for the Doctor. He himself, like Dr. Kelaart, never shot, but depended on his friends for specimens. I, of course, soon becanıe interested in the ‘Ornis’; and on Trempleton’s leaving, at the end of 1847 or beginning of 1848, he begged me to take up his correspondence with the late Edward Blyth, then Curator of the R. A. S. Calcutta Museum. He left me his list of the species then known to exist in the island, numbering 183, and Blyth’s last letter to answer. From that day almost monthly letters passed between the latter and myself, till I left Ceylon in 1853. When I left I had brought up the list to 315; deduct from this the novelties added by Kelaart, and some which 1 think he has wrongly id‘ ntified (but which are included in my list in the “ Annals’), 22 in number, and it leıves me the contributor of 110 species to the Ceylonese ‘Ornis,’ examples of most of which fell to my own gun. “My collecting trips never extended to the hill-parts where Dr. Kelaart collected, Nuwara Elliya, &c. I was twice in Kandy, once at ‘Carolina,’ an estate near Ambegamoa, and once as far as Gillymally via Ratnapura.” The species discovered by Layard were sent by him to Blyth at Calcutta, and the latter described a good many of them. None came to the British Museum; many were presented to Oalcutta, and the bulk of his collection was given by him to a relative, and is now preserved at the Poole Free Library, in Mount Street, Poole. The following is a list of the species discovered by Layard and named either by himself or by Blyth :—@allus lineatus, Blyth (=@. lafayettei) (cf. Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 736); Palzornis layardi, Blyth (= P.torquata) (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p. 443); P. calthorpe, Layard [this name has always been written calthroy z, the mistake arising originally _ from a printer’s error, but Layard himself told me that he intended to name the species after his wife, who was a Miss Calthorp (cf. my note, p- 32 of “Handlist of Birds,” vol. ii.)]; Zyngipieus gymnophthalmus, Blyth; Chrysocolaptes stricklandi, Layard; Cuculus bartletti, Layard (= C. poliocephalus, juv.) (ef. Legze, B. Öeylon, p. 231); Centropus chloro- rhynchus, Biyth; Tephrodornis afinis, Blyth; Dierurus minor, Blyth; D. leucopygialis, Blyth; Leucocerca compressirostris, Blyth (= Rhipidura albofrontata) (cf. Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 412); Butalis muttui, Layard ; Oreocincla spiloptera, Blyth; O. imbricata, Layard ; Dumetia albigularis, Blyth; Aleippe nigrifrons, Blyth ; Drymocataphus fuscicapillus, Blyth ; Cisticola malura, Blyth (=. eisticola, Temm.); Drymeca robusta, Blyth (nec Rüpp.) (= Prinia sylvatica, Jerd.); Hirundo hyperythra, Blyth; Hetzrornis albofrontata, Layard (= Sturnornis senex); Eulabes ptilogenys, Blyth; Cissa puella, Blyth ex Layard N.S. In 1855 Layard went to the Cape at the invitation of Sir George Grey and entered the Civil Service of Cape Colony. He founded the South Afriean Museum, and in 1867 published the “ Birds of South Afriea,” which was the means of stimulating the study of African birds in as great a degree as had been done by Jerdon’s “ Birds of India” in the East. He afterwards accompanied Sir George Grey on a special mission to New Zealand, and then returned to the Capeas Judge and Commissioner under the Slave 'I'rade Treaties. In this capacity he visited the east coast of Alrica as far north as Zanzibar. He was next appointed Consul at Parä, where he made a good collection of birds for the Marquis of Tweeddale. 'T'his was described by him in the “Ibis” for 1873, Picolaptes layardi and Thamnophilus simplex being characterised as new by Dr. Sclater. After quitting South America Layard was employed by the Government in the Fiji Islands, where he acted as Birds. 4ll Commissioner, and here again he did much good ornithological work (cf. Ibis, 1876, pp. 137-152, 387-394; 1881, p. 170), as aiso in New Caledonia when he became H.B.M. Consul at Noumea. His son Leopold U. Layard assisted him in collecting in New Caledonia, and also undertook expeditions to the New Hebrides and the Loyalty Islands (ef. Ibis, 1879, pp- 95, 221, 364, 369; 1880, pp. 336, 381; 1881, p. 542; 1884, p. 122; 1888, p. 491; 1900, p. 404. Leach (J. H.). 69 birds from Ichang on the River Yang-tze, collected by A. E. Pratt. Purchased. [88. 9. 6, 1-69.] Une species ( Yuhina diadlemata) new to the collection. Mr. Pıatt made a wonderful collect.on of Lepidoptera when travelling in Ohiua tor Mr. Leach (cf. Insects). He also obtained a few birds, which were purchased by the British Museum. Leadbeater (Messrs.). 98 birds from Mexico. Purchased. [39. 8. 2, 1-98.] 92 birds from various lvcalities. Purchased. [42. 1. 19, 1-92.] Mauy of these were duvlicates from the Leyden Museum, and included species new to the British Museum, from the expeditions of S. Müller and otlier Dutch naturalists. 35 birds froın Brazil. Purchased. [42. 12. 3, 1-35.] T'hese were collected by a Dr. Such. 60 bırds from Jamaica. Purchased. [42. 12. 29, 1-60.] Spindalis nigricephala was new to the collection. Ihese specimens were probably duplicates received from Mr. P. H. Gosse. 35 specimens trom Abyssinia and Shoa. Purchased. [43. 2. 8, 1-35.] 'I'hese were duplicates from Dr. Rüppell’s collection, aud the Museum thus secured several co-types froın hıs celebrated expedition. 233 speeimens, mostly from Uentral and South America. Purchased. [#3. 5. 24, 1-200 ; 43. 6. 13, 15-33; 43. 9. 8, 1-15.] The Guatemalan birds, some obtained at Oovban, Esenintla, ete., were apparently collected by a Frenchman, as notes are made in the register, “ yeusx bleu, yeux roux-cair,” etc. 21 birds from Mexico. Purchased. [43. 9. 18, 1-21.] 19 birds from Celebes. Purchased. [43. 9. 19, 1-19.] These were some more duplicates from the Leyden Museum. As showing the lax notions of geographical distribution entertained by some ornithologists of that day we find in the register: “ @. Oolaris gularis. Cöte de Guinee”” "Ihe word “ New ” is inserted, and the specimen is catalogued in the “List of Fissirostres,” 1848, p. 33, as Kurystomus gularis, Irom New Guinea! 101 birds from Japan. Purchased. [44. 5. 1, 1-9; 46.1. 31, 1-60; 46. 3.11, 1-8; 46. 10. 5, 1-24.] Among these collections were more duplicates received from the Leyden Museum by Mr. Leadbeater, who seenıs to have had many dealıngs with Temminck. I'he Leadbeaters, father and son, were for many years the leading natural history agents in London, and had a shop in Brewer Street, Golden Square, which ın my early days I used to visit in search of African birds. The father, alter whom Cacatua leadbeateri was named by Vigors, was a scientific man, and wrote several papers on ornithology. After the death of the father and son the business was continued for a short time by a nephew. 412 Zoology. Lefebvre. 222 specimens, mostly sterna of European birds. Purchased. [46. 5. 27, 1-222. Legge (Colonel W. VINCENT). 150 birds from Ceylon. Presented. [75. 12. 20, 1-6 ; 76. 6. 6, 1-15; 73. 10. 4, 11-88; 81 5. 24, 10-14; 82. 3. 24, 1-15; 85. 11. 12, 1-31.] Five species were new to the collection, Spizaetus ceylomensis, Buchanga minor, Dissemurus lophorhinus, Chrysocolaptes stricklandi, Brachy- pternus intermedius. T'hese were duplicates from Oolonel Legge’s colleetion of Ceylonese birds. His memoir on the avifauna of Ceylon is one of the most excellent works ever written by an ornithologist. Le Hunte (Sir GEORGE RuTHvEn), Governor of South Australia. 23 birds from British New Guinea. Presented. [1900. 2. 19, 1-23.] Sir G.R. Le Hunte was Governor of British New Guinea trom 1898 to 1903. Among the specimens presented were some rare Birds of Paradise, such as Loria marie, Astrarchia stephaniz, Epimachus meyeri. Of. “ Who’sWho,” 1904, p. 902. Leigh (Lord). 221 birds from New South Wales. Presented. [93. 4. 4, 1-221]. Of. “ Who's Who,” 1904, p. 902. Lempriere (E.). öl specimens from the island of Palawan. Purchased. [85. 4. 2, 1-24; 85. 4. 3, 1-7.] 7 others were presented. Mr. Lempriere’s collection was described by me inthe “ Ibis” for 1884 (pp- 316-322, pl. viii.), when the following new species were characterised :— Thriponax hargitti, Siphia lemprieri. In the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological Society for 1885 (p. 446, pl. xxvi.) I also described a new Hornbill, now known as Gymnolemus lemprieri. In the “Ibis” for 1883, pp. 85-90, Mr. F. Nicholson published an account of a collection from Sandakan made by Mr. Lempriere, who discovered a new Jay-Shrike (Platylophus lemprieri). This Sandakan collection was purchased by Canon Tristram, and is now in the Liverpool Museum. Le Soeuf (Dunprey). Director of the Zoological Gardens, Melbourne. 11 birds, nests and eggs. Presented. [97. 11.11, 1-8; 98. 11. 27, 1-3.] Leyden Museum. See also LEADBEATER. 60 birds from the Malayan Archipelago. Presented. [73. 5.9, 1-8; 78. 11. 12, 1-34; 83. 10.1, 9-21; 88. 4. 7, 1-5.] These are birds presented by Professor Schlegel and Dr. Jentinck, Directors of the great Rijks-Museum at Leyden, during the progress of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” My first visit to Leyden was paid in 1869, when I was writing my “ Monograph of the Kirgfishers”; and during the prepara- tion of the first volume of the “Catalogue,” I worked there for many days, and ‚my friend Professor Schlegel gave me several species lacking to the British Museum, for which I purchased specimens on my return to England, and sent them in exchange. On this occasion the following species of Accipitres were new to the British Museum: Cerchneis zori- Birds. 413 ventris, Baza madagascariensis, Astur hiogaster, A. muelleri, Accipiter rhodogaster, Spizaetus gurneyi, Ninox ochracea. When I was writing the fourth volume of the “ Catalogue,” I again went over to Leyden, and effected a similar exchange with Professor Schlegel, obtaining for our Museum many species of Flycatchers which we dıd not before possess— Poecilodryas brachyurus, Gerygone melano- thorax, G. notata, G. magnirostris, G. flaveola, Pristorhamphus versteri, Oryptolopha grammiceps, Todopsis bonapartei, T'. coronata, Monarcha kordensis, Piezorhynchus diadematus, Anthipes solitaria, Erythromyias mülleri, Pachycephala obiensis, Rhipidura obiensis. In 1883 Professor Schlegel also gave me the following desiderata for the succeeding volumes of the “Catalogue”: Hirundo striolata, Diczum maforense, D. keiense, Napothera pyrrhoptera, Zosterops rufifrons, Z. uropygialis, Stachyridopsis melanothorax, and Turdinus lepidopleurus. Some of these species are not included in the tenth volume, which appeared in July 1883, as I had not been able to visit Leyden for the purpose of checking my MSS. In October of that year, however, I was able to get away, and found that there were many omissions in the volume, which I rectified in a paper on Timeliide, published in the “ Notes from the Leyden Museum ” (vol. vi., pp. 167-178). The last donatıons, in 1888, consisted of five specimens, of which - Pericrocotus lansbergi, Lamprolia minor, Chloropsis venusta, and Aecci- piter büttikoferi were new to the collection; and a specimen of Ortholo- phus albocristatus from Liberia, which has since become the type of my Ortholophus finschi (** Ibis,” 1904, p. 610). Lidth de Jeude (Dr.). See WARWICK. Lilford (Lord). 3 specimens of the Spanish Green Woodpecker (Geeinus sharpei), from S. Spain. Presented. [72. 7. 9, 1-3.] 'Ihis species was named by Mr. Howard Saunders (P.Z.S., 1872, p- 153). In 1894 the late Prof. V. L. Seoane re-described this Wood- pecker as Gecinus viridis galiciensis, in a pamphlet to which he attached the date of 1870. This was the most bare-faced attempt to secure the priority of a name given twenty-two years too late, which has ever come under the notice of the writer (c/. Zool. Rec., 1894, Aves, p. 38). 31 specimens of Herons, Spoonbills, ete., collected by kuiz near Seville. Presented. [74. 11. 18, 3-33.] A specimen of Sylvia melanothorax, Tristr., from Cyprus, new to the collection. Presented. [75.7.6,1.] Parent birds with nest aud eggs of the Flamingo (Phanicopterus roseus) from Southern Spain. Presented. [80. 6. 8, 1-6.] These are the specimens mounted in the public gallery, and form group No. 159. 234 specimens from Cyprus and the countries of the Mediterranean. Presented. [88. 7. 26, 1-205; 88. 8. 16, 1-18; 88. 8. 26, 1-11.] This collection of birds was formed by Lord Liltord himself, by Mr. W. Pearce, and more particularly by Dr. Guillemard, who has written an excellent essay on the birds of the island (Ibis, 1888, pp- 94-124, pl. ii.; 1889, pp. 206-219), aud Lord Lilford has also published an interesting memoir on the ornithology of Cyprus (Ibis, 1839, pp. 305-350). 17 Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) from Lilford. Presented. [88. 9. 2, 1-17.] 414 Zoology. 136 eggs from Southern Spain. Presented. [90. 9. 30, 1-136.] 6 birds from S.E. Africa. Presented. [94. 6. 17, 1-6.] For a very complete memoir of this well-known ornitholosist, see the “Ibis” for 1896 (pp. 430, 593-596), “Lord Lilford on Birds,” by A. T'revor-Battye (4to, 1903), and “ Lord Liilford ; a Memoir by his Sister, the Hon. Mrs. Drewitt” (8vo, 1900, pp. xxiv., 290). “ Linnea,” Berlin. 21 birds from Salanza Island. Purchased. [82. 3. 21, 1-15.] The collection of birds made by Capt. Weber on Salanga was described by Dr. A. Müller (J.t.O., 1382, pp. 353-448). He described a new species of Woodpecker as (@ecinus weberi, of which the type- specimens were acquired by the Museum. Mr. Hargitt has united this species with @. viridanus (cf. Cat. B., xviii., p. 47). This Captain Weber is the same individnal that /aidia webberi, Hume, is named after (Str. F., 1879, pp. 40, 68). Ir should, therefore, be called /xidia weberi. From the “Linnen” ıbe Museum also acquired some rare species of East African b.rds; of which Zisturgops ruficauda, Parisoma boehmi, Cosmopsarus unieolor, and Muscicaypa infulata were new tu the collection. [87. 8. 14, 1-6.] Linnean Society. When the Linnean Society determined to give up its private Museum, the birds were sent to the Brıtish Museum in 1863, in two lots. The first series consisted of the types of Parrots and Pigeons described by l'emminck in 1819 (vol. xiii., pp. 107-150), in his pajer entitled: “ Accoımt of some new species of Birds of the genera Psittacus and Columba, in the Museum of the Litinean Society.” [63. 7. 6, 1-15.] Psittacus cooki, n. sp. (p. 111). d = (alyptorhynchus banksi (Lath.), cf. Salvad., Oat. B. Brit. Mus., xx.,p. 109. 2 =. viridis (V.), cf. Salvad., Tepe Psittacus solandri,n. sp. (p. 113) is the young of (©. viridis, cf. Salvad., £.c., p. 112. Psittacus nasicus, n. sp. (p. 115), = Licmetis nasica, Salvad., £.c., . 133. n Psittacus flavigaster, n. sp. (p. 116). This hybrid name is changed on p-. 117 to P. flaviventris, but without assigning any reason. It is Platy- cercus flaviventris of Salvadori (p. 545). Psittacus baueri, n. sp. (p. 118),= Barnardius zonarius (Shaw), cf. Salvad., t.c., p. 260. Psittacus browni, n. sp. (p. 119),= Platycercus browni, Salvad., £.c., . 549. . Psittacus multicolor, n. sp. (p. 119),= Psephotus multicolor, Salvad., t.c., p. 966. Psittacus icterotis, n. sp. (p. 120), = Platycercus icterotis, Salvad., £.c., . 554. 5 Psittacus venustus, n. sp. (p. 121),= Neophema venusta, Salvad., £.c., . 570. ; Columba dilopha, n. sp. (p. 124),= Lopholemus antarcticus (Shaw), cf. Salvadori, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., xxi., p. 235. Columba magnifica, n. sp. (p. 125), = Megaloprepia magnifica, Salvadori, £.c., p. 167. Columba leucomela, n. sp. (p- 126), cf. Salvad., £.c., p. 320. Oolumba scripta, n. sp. (p. 127), = Geophaps scripta, Salvad., £.c., p. 531. Columba humeralis, n. sp. (p. 128),= @eopelia humeralis, Salvad., £.c., p- 455. Birds. 415 Columba phasianella, n. sp. (p. 129), = Macropygia phasianella, Salvad., t.c., p. 349. The second donation consisted of 72 speeimens of Australian birds [63. 7. 7, 1-72], collected by George Caley, and among them were the types of species described by Vigors and Horsfield in the “ Transactions” of the Linnean Society (vol. xv., pp. 170-331). Their paper was called “ A description of the Australian Birds in the collection of the Linnean Society,” etc, The following are the types which came into the Museum :— Astur raü, n. sp,=Astur cinereus (V.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., Brit. Mus., i., p. 117. 4. fasciatus (p. 181), A. approximans (p. 181). The former is the young and the latter the old bird of the same species, Sharpe, £.c., p. 126. Falco cenchroides, n. sp. (p. 183), = Üerchneis cenchroides (V. aud H.), Sharpe, £.c., p. 431. Falco beriyora, n. sp. (p. 184),= Hieracidea berigora (V. and H.), Sharpe, t.c., p. 421. Haliaetus calei, n. sp. (p. 186), = Urospizias radiatus (Lath.), Sharpe, £.c., p. 159. H. canorus, n. sp. (p. 187), = Haliastur sphenurus (V.), Sharpe, £.c., p. 316. Noctua maculata, n. sp. (p. 189), = Ninox maculata (V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 174. Hirundo pyrrhonota, n. sp. (p. 190),= Petrochelidon nigricans (V.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x. (p. 190). Caprimulgus guttatus, n. sp. (p. 192). C. albogularis, n. sp. (p. 194, note) ; cf. Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 607, where Dr. Hartert identifies these two birds as being one and the same species, viz. Burostopus albigularis, ©. guttatus being the young bird, and (. albigularis the adult. ZEgotheles, n. gen. (p. 194), type ZH. nova hollandie (Lath.); cf. Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 646. Podargus stanleyanus, n. sp. (p. 197), P. humeralis, n. sp. (p. 198), P. cuviers, n. sp. (p. 200), all=P. strigoides (Lath.); cf. Hartert, £.c., p. 631. Dacelo leachi, n. sp. (p. 205), ‘“Keppel Bay, 24 Oct., 1802” (Brown) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B, xvi., p. 206. Haleyon sanctus, n. sp. (p. 206) ; cf. Sharpe, 2.c., p. 267. Merops melanurus, n. sp. (p. 208),=M. ornatus, Lath.; cf. Sharpe, £.e., p. 75. Falcunculus gutturalis, n. sp. (p. 212), = Qreoica eristata (Lewin) ; cf. Gadow, Cat B., viii., p. 174. Colluroieincla cinerea, n. sp. (p. 214),= (0. harmonica (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p- 29v. Campophaga leucomela, n. sp. (p. 215),= Lalage leucomelena (nom. emend.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 106. Graucalus men- talis, n. sp. (p. 216); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 37. Malurus lamberti, n. sp. (p. 221) ; cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 293. M. browni, n. sp. (p. 223),= M. dorsalis (Lewin); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 296. M. exilis, n. sp. (p. 223), = Cisticola exilis (V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 269. Acanthiza nana, n.sp. (p- 226); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 292. 4. reguloides, n. sp. (p. 299); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 299. 4. fronlalis, n. sp. (p. 226), = Sericornis frontalis (V. aud H.); cf. Sharpe, t.c., p. 308. 4A. pyrrhopygia, n. sp. (p. 227), = Hylacola pyrrhopygia (V.and H.); cf. Sharpe, t.c., p. 346. 4A.buchanani, n. sp. (p. 227); cf. Sharpe, t.c., p. 291, note. N.B.—The type of this species was in the collection of Mr. Walter Buchanan, F.L.S., and did not come to the Museum. 'I'he species is still unidentified, but I suggested in the “ ('atalogue ” that it might be Eiphthianura tricolor. Megalurus ceruralis, n. sp. (p. 228), = (inclorhamphus eruralis (V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii.,p. 498. Anthus australis, n. sp. (p. 229), and A. pallescens, n. sp. (p. 229) [= A. australis (V.and H.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 615]. 4A. minimus, n. sp. (p. 230), = Chthoni- 416 Zoology. cola sagittata (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 290. 4A. fuliginosus, n. sp. (p. 230), = Calamanthus fuliginosus (V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 501. 4. rufescens. n. sp. (p. 230), = Cinclorhamphus rufescens (V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, &c., p. 501. Dasyornis australis, n. sp (p. 232), = Sphenura brachyptera (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 104. Grallina bicolor, n. sp. (p. 232), = @. picata (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii, p. 272. Zosterops dorsalis, n. sp. (p. 235), = Z. cerulescens (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., ix., p. 152. Sawicola solitaria, n. sp. (p. 236), = Origma rubricata (Lath.), cf. Sharpe, Cat. B, vii., p. 135. Pachycephala striata, n. sp. (p. 240), = P. rufiventris (Lath.); cf. Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 208. P. fusca, n. sp. (p. 240), and P. fuliginosa, n. sp. (p. 241), = P. gutturalis (Lath.) ; cf. Gadow, £.c., p. 192. P. olivacea, n. sp. (p. 241); cf. Gadow, £.c., p. 212. Muscicapa goodenovii,n. sp. (p. 245), = Petreeca goodenovü (V.and H.); cf. Sharpe, Car. B., iv, p. 171. ZRhipidura motacilloides, n. sp. (p. 248), = .R. tricolor (V.); cf Sharpe, £.c., p. 839. Myiayra rubeculoides, n. sp. (p. 253), and M. plumbea, n. sp. (p. 254), = M. rubecula (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 375. MM. macroptera, n. sp. (p. 254), = Miercca fascinans (Lath.). Fringilla latham', n. sp. (p. 256), = Steganopleura guttata (Shaw); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 292. Pringilla bichenovüi, n. sp. (p. 258), = Stictoptera bichenowi (V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 313. Ptilonorhynchus macleayi, n. sp. (p. 265), = P. violaceus (V.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vi., p. 381. P. smithi, n. sp. (p. 264), = Hlurzdus viridis (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 385. Corvus coronoides, n. SP. (p. 261); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 20. Platycercus barnardi, n. sp. (p. 283), = Barnardius barnardi (V. and H.); cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 558. Trichoglossus matoni, n. sp. (p. 291), = Psitteuteles chlorolepidotus (Kuhl), Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p. 65. Z, rubritorguis, n. Sp. (p. 291); cf. Salvad., £.c., p. 60. Orthonyz temmincki, n. sp. (p. 294); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 329 (s. n. O. spinicauda). Quculus inornatus, n. sp. (p. 297), and O. albostrigatus, n.sp. (p. 298), = (. pallidus (Lath.); cf. Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 261. C. cineraceus, n. sp. (p. 298), and (Ü. incertus, n. sp. (p. 299), = (acomantis flabelli- formis (Lith.); ef. Shelley, £.c., p. 266. Cuculus variolosus, n. SP. (p- 300), = Cacomantis variolosus (V. and H.); cf. Shelley, £.c., p. 272. Cuculus metallicus, n. sp. (p. 302), = Ohalcococcyx plagosus (Lath.) ; cf. Shelley, £.e., p. 297. Eudynamis flindersii, n. sp. (p. 305) = E. cyano- cephala (Lath.); ef. Shelley, £.c., p. 324. Meliphaga indistincta, n. sp. (p. 315), = @lyeiphila ocularis, Gould ; ef. Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 213. M. brevirostris, n. sp. (p. 315), = Melithreptus brevirostris (V. and H.); cf. Gadow, £.c., p. 207. Myzantha flavirostris, n. sp. (p. 319), = Macro- rhina melanophrys (Lath.); cf. Gadow, £.c., p. 259. Mimeta meruloides, n. sp. (p. 327), = Oriolus viridis (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 212. Pomatorhinus temporalis, n. sp. (p. 330), and P. superciliosus, n. sp. (p. 330). Linney (ALzeErT). 9 birds from the Falkland Islands. Purchased. [1901. 4. 30, 1-9.] Lisbon Museum (Prof. J. V. BarBoza Du Bocagk, Director). 48 birds from Benguela and the island of S. Thome, collected by Anchieta and F. Newton. Presented. [82. 7. 1, 1-4; 88. 12. 1, 1-44.) Birds. 417 Nearly a score of species new to the Museum were added by this donation, all of great interest—among them Fiscus souze, Sylwiella ruficapilla, Parus rufiventris, Nilaus afınis, Salpornis salvadorü, Frin- gillaria major, Pternistes rubricollis, Nectarinia newtoni, Oriolus cras- sirostris, Turdus olivaceofuscus, Symplectes sanctithome, Haplopelia simplex. 32 birds from the islands of the Bight of Biafra (S. Thom& and IIha do Principe), collected by Mr. Francesco Newton. [91. 8. 20, 1-32.] Among these specimens were the following, new to the Museum :— Nectarinia thomensis, Oinnyris newtoni, Lanius newtoni, Prinia mölleri, Amblyospiza concolor. For many years the Portugnese Government employed the services of natualists to make collections for them in various parts of their African possessions. The most celebrated of these explorers was Anchieta, who travelled extensively iv Angola, Benguela and Mossamedes. 'I'he results of these expeditions are n 3st!y incorporated in the “ Ornithologie d’Angola,” written by Professor Barboza du Bocage, for many years the Director «f the Lisbon Museum, and a staunch friend of our own Museum, to which he has made many valuable donations.. Many specimens were also given in exchange to myself and Captain Shelley, and are now incorporated in the British Museum along witn the rest of our private colleetions. Another well-known naturalist who collected in the Portuguese islands in the Bight of Biafra is Mr. Francesco Newton, who obtained several interesting new species, duplicates of which were sent by Professor Bocage to the British Museum. Lister (J. J.). 23 specimens from Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean. Presented. [88. 8. 12, 1-23.] Mr. Lister was naturalist on H.M. Surveying Ship Egeria in 1887, and visited Christmas Island. He discovered on this occasion five new species on the island, the types of which he presented to the British Museum :—Zosterops natalis, Collocalia natalis, Chalcophaps natalis, Urospizias natalis, Ninox natalis (cf. P.Z.S., 1888, pp. 512-529, pls. xxVvi., XXvil.). 10 specimens from the Phoenix group of islands in the Pacific Ocean. Presented. [91. 4. 24, 1-10.] Mr. Lister was again naturalist on the Zgeria in 1889. The collection consisted of marine birds, but among them (Zstrelata parvirostris and Pufinus nativitatis were new to the Museum. Several other specimens, presented by Mr. Lister to the late Mr. Henry Seebohm, have passed into the British Museum with the collection bequeathed by the latter. Littledale (St. GEORGE). 100 speceimens of birds and eggs from various varts of Central As Presented. [89.1. 10, 1-2; 89. 3. 3, 1-8 (Altai Mts.); 90. 5. 20, 1-39 (Saiar Mt».); 91. 5. 2, 1-37 (Pamir) ; 94. 2. 1, _-5 (Turkestan).] Mr. Littledale is a well-known big-game hunter, and has presented to the Musctum most valuable animals (cf. Rep. Mamm.,p. ). He has also found time to collect a few interesting species of birds during his travels. Liverpool, University of. See Rogısson, H. C.; RoyAL SocIETY. VOL. II. [80] [>| 418 Zoologqy. Livingstone (Dr.). See Kırk, Sir J. During his later explorations in Africa the great missionary traveller did not collect any birds, but on the Zambesi expedition, when he was accompanied by Sir John (then Dr.) Kirk, a considerable colleetion was formed. This was described by the latter naturalist in a paper on tlıe “Birds of the Zambesi Region ” (Ibis, 1864, pp. 307-838). Several new species were discovered during the exptdition, and a fine new Touracou was named Turacus livingstonei by G. R. Gray. Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxxili., p. 384. Lloyd (C. G.). 121 birds from Tasmania. Presented. [89. &. 12, 1-121.] Lloyd (Colonel J. Hayes). 107 birds irom Kathiawar in North-western India and Matheran, Bombay. [75. 6. 6, 98-204.) Orateropus somervillei and Luscinola indica were new to the Muscum. This collection, a most important one at the time, as coming from a district then ornıtholo.ically unexplored, was described by Colonel Hayes Lloyd in the “ Ibis” for 1873 (pp. 397-421) and 1874 (pp. 97, 98). He presented specimens of O'yornis tickellie and C. jerdoni, proving that the former was the female and the latter the male of the same species. Tlıis difference in the colour of the sexes in the genus ('yornis had not been suspected before, and led to a similar identification with other species of the genus. Colonel Lloyd described a new species of Green Barbet from Matheran as Megalema sykesii (Ibis, 1873, p. 124). Ihe type of this species is in the Tweeddale collection, and is referred by Captain Shelley to Cyanops viridis (Bodd.), ü.e. Thereicery® viridis, Blautord, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, iii., p- 389. Tooat-(W. Las). 12 birds from the Pyrenees. Presented. [96. 8. 21, 1-12.] 22 birds from Egypt. Presented. [1905. 6. 4, 1-22. Mr. Loat is an enthusiastic ornithologist, but is best known for his important coliections of the Nile fishes (see Report, Fish Collections, p- Loder (Sir G.). 2 eggs of the Emeu (Dromzus nove hollandix). Presented. [94. 6.7, 1-2.] Lodge (GeorGE E.). 9 Marsh Tits (Parus dresseri) from Surrey. Presented. [1901. 4. 8, 1-9.] 4 birds from Norway, Perthshire, and Hertfordshire. Presented. [1904. 10. 21, 1-4.] Mr. Lodge is the well-known artist, and is an excellent observer of bird life, as may be recognised from his account of the Humming-Birds of the West Indies (Ibis, 1896, pp. 496-519) and other ornitholo,;ical memoirs. Loftus (WırLıam KeEnnErTT). 83 birds and eggs from the neighbourhood of Bagdad. Presented. [53. 1. 6, 1-79, 44-98.] Birds. 419 Mr. Kennett Loftus was a well-known archzologist and traveller. He was geologist to the Turko-Persian Frontier Commission, 1849-1852 (ef. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxxiv., p. 80). Londesborough (Earl of). öl specimens of sea-birds (Herring Gulls, Guillemots, etc.) from Flamborough Head. Presented. [87. 9. 8, 1-16; 87. 9. 10, 1-15.] Lord (Jonn Keasr). See BOUNDARY ÜoMMISSION, BRITISH N. AMERICAN, 137 birds and eggs from British Columbia and Vancouver Island. Presented by the Foreign Office. [60. 2. 23, 1-106 ; 60. 11. 22, 1-131.] 435 birds, nests, and egss from British Columbia. Presented. [62. 12. 10, 1-37; 63. 1. 7, 1-398.] T'he first collections were made by Mr. Lord during the time of his employment as naturalist to the Boundary Commission. He seems to have stayed in British Columbia alter the labours of the Commission were over, and to have made further collections which he gave to the British Museum (cf. his book, “ The Naturalist in Vancouver Island and British Columbia,” 2 vols., 8vo, London, 1566). Lovat (Lord). See BLUNDELL, H. WELD. Low (Sir Hucn). See also HıGsıns. 5 specimens from the Sulu Archipelago. Presented. [76. 5.30, 1-5.] These formed the types of my Oriolus suluensis (Cat. B., iii., p. 205), a species now considered to be identical with O. chinensis, and Sarcops lowi. Sir Hugh Low was an active collector in all branches of natural history during the many years which he spent in the Malay Archipelago as Inspector at Labuan and afterwards as British Resident at Perak, at which latter place he established the Museum. I described one of his collections from Labuan in the * Proceedings’ for 1875, but owing to some carelessness on the part of his agent, this consignment was handed over to me as being all from Labuan, whereas a considerable portion of it was from the mainland of Borneo, mostly from Lumbidan. Governor Ussher, on being appointed to Labuan, made extensive collections on the island itself and in the mainland, and in describing this series and anotber made by Sir W.H. Treacher, I was able to give a more exact account of the Avifauna of the island (cf. P.Z.S., 1379, pp. 317-354, pl. xxx.), and to expunge from my previous list many hypothetical species. Governor Ussher pays the following tribute to Sir Hugh Low :— “Natural history in Borneo owes a large debt to him, and his name is well known to science. His labours in every department of zoology and botany, as well as his numerous excursions and travels in Borneo, and his intimate acquaintance with the various tribes of the great island, make him the foremost authority on all matters connected with that part of the Malay Archipelago.” Lowe (Dr. Percy R.). 3 birds from the West Indian Islands, two of which were new to the collection (Spindalis salvini and Vireo bermudianus). Presented. [1904. 6. 6, 1-3.] 11 birds from Jamaica. Presented. [1904. 9. 13, 1-11.] 2E2 420 Zoology. Lucas (W.). 45 birds from Obi Major. Purchased. [1900. 3. 1, 1-45.] Carpophaga obiensis and Ptilonopus granulifrons were new to the collection. Lucas (W.). A collector in the Eastern Transvaal, especially in the Rustenberg district, where he obtained many interesting species. Several of his skins are to be found in the Shelley and Seebohm collections. Lundbkorg (H.). 9 mounted birds from Sweden. Purchased for the public gallery. [97. 10. 17, 1-9.] Mr. Lundborg is a celebrated Swedish taxidermist. Lyall (Dr.). See also STOKES, Capt. 7 eggs from New Zealand. Presented. [52. 1. 16, 10-16.] 137 birds from Vancouver Island and N.W. America. Presented. [59. 1. 26, 1-91; 60. 8. 24, 9-34; 61. 8. 12, 1-20.] He was attached as Surgeon to H.M.S. Plumper, and made quite an interesting collection on Vancouver Island, in the Straits of San Juan de Fuca, etc. Lynes (Commander Huserr), R.N. 11 birds from Southern Spain. Presented. [1905. 8. 5, 1-11.] MeBarnet (A. C.). 4 birds from Bahia. Presented. [1905. 8. 6, 1-4.] McCaw (G.1.). 10 birds from the Zambesi. Presented. [1905. 8. 1, 1-10.] McCleannan (J.). Made large collections of birds in Panama, many specimens being described by the late G. R. Lawrence. A good series are in the Salvin- Godman collection (cf. Salvin, P.Z.S., 1867, pp. 129-161; 1870, pp. 175-219). McClelland (Dr.). See InpıA MusEuM (Pp. ): MeConnell (FREDERIC VAVASOUR). 6 birds from British Guiana. Presented. [99. 12. 26, 14; 1900. 5. 4, 1; 1901. 11. 14, 1.] Mr. McÜonnell discovered a new DBunting on the summit of Mt. Roraima, which I named Zonotrichia macconnelli. He presented the types of this species to the Museum, as well as that of a new species of Piculet, Picumnus macconnelli (Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C., xii., p. 4, 1901). He also presented to the Museum a skin of a Goshawk (Urospizias jardinei, Gurney), of which no specimen was in the National Collection. [1900. 5. 4,1] Only one other specimen was known, viz., the type in the Norwich Museum, supposed to have come from New Caledonia. Ru Birds. 421 MeConnell (F. V.) and Quelch (J. J.). 546 birds from British Guiana. Presented. [95. 11. 28, 1-420; 97. 4.6,1-8; 98. 11. 21, 1-118.] This fine collection was made in the neighbourhood of Georgetown, Demerara, on the Essequibo River, and in the inland Savana country. It contained several interesting forms ın spirits, such as Heliornis, etc., and a good representative set of the low-country birds. MceCormick (Dr. RoßeErr). 142 birds and eggs from the Falkland Islands and the Antarctic Seas. Bequeathed. [90. 12. 13, 1-77; 91. 2. 15, 1-11; 91. 6. 16, 1-54.] One morning in the year 1384, several of the oflicers of the Natural History Museum were surprised at the sight of a little old man ascending with quite an elastic step the staircase of the upper floor of the Museum and disappearing into the Botanical Department. He belonged evidently to a by-gone age. A rather broad-brimmed hat covered a very evident wig, his neck was encircled by a high stock, his waistcoat was white and very low, exposing a wide front of flannel shirt of the hues of a Scotch plaid. His swallow-tail coat was of a dark blue with gilt buttons, and his trousers were of a pronounced shepherd’s plaid. I was telling some of my colleagues afterwards of the wonderful appearance of the old gentleman I had seen, when a knock came at my door, and on opening it, I found myself face to face with the individual in question. On his introdueing himself as Dr. McCormick, I could not repress my astonish- ment and told him that I thought he had been dead years ago. “ Yes,” he replied, “I know I ought to have been, but I am not. Iam eighty- four years of age, and I thought, before I died, I should like to see some of the animals I shot when I was naturalist to the Hrebus and Terror, as l am writing my memoirs.” This book appeared shortly after his visit. I conducted the old veteran round the Bird-Gallery, where he recounted how he had shot the Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) in the Antarctice Ice-Pack with a rifle. The old gentleman did not manage to visit the Museum again, but I used often to go and see him at his home, Hecla Villa, Wimbledon, and I hope that I helped to cheer his last days, when he was wonderfully interested in the tame white Duck which he has immortalised in his book. At his death, as a votive offering to me, he bequeathed his natural-history specimens tothe Museum. They consisted of certain duplicates from the Antarctic expedition, which he had been permitted to retain, but they had been sadly neglected for many years and were nearly all moth-eaten. I was, however, able to keep a few for the Museum. One of the most notable facts in connection with Dr. McCormick’s specimens was that they were carefully labelled with the date of capture, etc., but these particulars were seldom preserved by the Museum authorities at the time. During the Antaretic expedition, some specimens of a Great Skua (Megalestris) were discovered, and these ultimately turned out to belong to an undescribed species, which was named Megalestris maccormicki by Mr. Howard Saunders (Cat. B, xxv., p. 321, pl. i.. Many excellent notes on the habits of Antarctic birds from Dr. McCormick’s pen have been published by Gould, and it seems somewhat sad that this old hero should have been allowed to pass to his grave comparatively forgotten by his country, for which he had done such sterling work. His book, which appeared in 1884, bore the following title: “ Voyages of Discovery in the Arctic and the Antarctic Seas and round the World, being personal narratives of attempts to reach the North and South Pol: s, 422 Zoology. and of an open boat expedition up the Wellington Channel in search Sir John Franklin and Her Majesty’s ships ‘ Erebus’ and ‘Terror,’ Her Majesty’s boat ‘Forlorn Hope,’ under the command of the author to which are added an autobiography, appendix, portraits, maps, and numerous illustrations.” 2 vols., 8vo, vol. i., pp. xü, 412; vol. ii, pp- xx, 482. Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxxv., p. 11. McFarlane (Rev. S.). 26 birds from British New Guinea. Purchased. [76. 6. 16, 1-13; 80. 3. 11, 1-13.] Mr. McFarlane was one of the early pioneer missionaries in British New Guinea, and interested himself in the natural history of the country. An account of his collection was published by me in the Linnean Society’s Journal, vol. xiii., pp. 79-83. Two species, Graucalus angustifrons (=@. hypoleucus) and Zosterops albiventer, were described as new. MacGillivray (J.). 14 birds from Cape York (Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake, 1846-1850). Presented. [51.1. 11, 1-14.] Among these specimens were the types of three species described by Gould, viz., Tanysiptera sylvia, Syma flavirostris, Chlamydodera cervini- ventris, and of (alornis purpurascens, Gray. 16 birds from the Falkland Islands (Voyage of the Rattlesnake). Presented. [51. 1. 29, 1-16.] 5 birds and 4 eggs from Moreton and Goose Islands (Voyage of the Rattlesnake). Presented. [51. 4. 2, 1-9.] 13 birds from Cape York and the Louisiade Archipelago (Voyage of - the Rattlesnake). Presented. [51. 10. 11, 1-13.] The types of Ptilopus strophium, Gould, and Piezorkhynchus lucidus (Gray) are in this collection. 14 birds from New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands, also from Tristan d’Acunha (voyage of H.M.SS. Kattlesnake and Herald). Presented. [56. 10. 14, 1-14.] In this donation were included the types of Nesocichla eremita, Gould, Ptilopus greyi, Gray, Columba hypoenochroa, Gould, Coryphsenas cerassi- rostris, Gould, Lorius chlorocercus, Gould, Centropus milo, Gould, Hirundo subfusca (=H. tahitica) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 141), and Tropidorhynchus lessoni, Gray. MacGregor (Sir WıLLıam). 3 rare birds from British New Guinea (Paramythia montium and Daphznositta miranda). [97. 4. 20, 1-4.] MeGregor (R.C. S.). 10 birds from Battle Creek, California. Presented. [98. 12. 14, 1-10.] McIlwraith, McEacharn and Co. 7 birds from Mt. Victoria, British New Guinea. Purchased. [96. 1. 5, 1-7.] A small selection from a New Guinea collection, offered to the Museum by the above-named gentlemen, who are merchants in the City. Since that date the colleetions have been acquired by the Tring Museum. They have all contained specimens of value, and a Lorikeet has been described by Mr. Rothschild as Cyelopsittacus macilwraithi. Birds. 423 In the small collection acquired by the Museum were four species new to the collection, two of them being new to science (Oreopsittacus ‚grandis, Grant, Melipotes atriceps, Grant (= M. fumigatus, Meyer). Specimens of Paramythia montium, De Visand Amblyornis macgregorie, De Vis (= A. inornatus, Schl.), were also added to the Museum collection. MeIntosh (DonaAun). 229 birds from Australia, mostiy from Victoria. Presented. [1900. 6. 11, 1-204 ; 1900. 6. 24, 1-25). A well-known Australian sportsman, who presented some interesting birds. Mackinder (Prof. H. J.). 85 specimens from the Mackinder expedition to Mount Kenya. Purchased. [1900. 1. 19, 1-85.] For an account of Professor Mackinder’s Expedition, see the “Geographical Journal” for 1900 (vol. xv., p. 453). 56 species were obtained during the journey, which were described by me in my account of the collection (P.Z.S., 1900, pp. 596-609). Four were new to science, viz., Bubo mackinderi (pl. xliii.), Pinarochroa ernesti and Hyphantornis camburni, Campothera huwusbergi; and a fifth species, Oisticola neumanni, from the Settima Range, has been described by Dr. Hartert (Bull. B.0.C., xii., p. 13, 1901). A Flycatcher which I at first identified as Chloropeta interina turned out to be new, and I described it as (. kenya (Bull. B.0.C.,xii.,p. 35). Laniarius abbotti was also new to the collection. McKinlay (Dr. A.). 36 birds from the Malay Archipelago and the coast of China. Presented. [82. 12. 1, 1-36.] Dr. McKinlay was surgeon on board H.M.S. Mosguito during the service ot this battleship.on the China station. He procured a specimen of the rare Scops Owl (Pisorhina stictonota). Macmillan (W.N.). 430 birds from the Baro and Sobat Rivers and Upper White Nile, collected by Mr. Zaphiro. Presented. [1905. 12. 25, 1-430.] Macpherson (J.). One of Mr. Hume’s correspondents who sent him eggs from Mysore. Majastre (A.). ‚See GERRARD, E. Major (Dr. Forsyrn). See RoYAL SocIETY. A collection of birds and skeletons of birds from Madagascar. An account of the expedition made by Dr. Forsyth Major and Mr. A. Robert will be found in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological Society for 1896 (pp. 971-0981). For a full account of his work cf. Hist. Coll., i., Geology, p. 309. Maltzan (Baron H. von). 29 specimens from Haiti and San Domingo. Purchased. [89. 3. 27, 1-29.] Man (E. H.). 6 egus of the Nicobar Megapode (Megapodius nicobariensis). Pre- sented. [81. 7. 29, 19-24] (cf. Oates, Cat. Eggs Brit. Mus., i., p. 16). 424 Zoology. Mandelli (L.). 13 birds from Sikhim. Presented. [78. 3. 29, 6-18.] When I first began to work at the Museum, I found the series of birds from our Indian Empire to be a very poor one, both as regards the number of species and the condition of specimens, and I wrote to Mandelli to bez for a few of the Flycatchers necessary for my work in tie fourth volume of the “Catalogue ot Birds.” He promptly sent me the 13 specimens recorded above, which were most useful at the time, and added five species to the Museum, viz., Nitidula hodgsoni, Muscicapula sapphira, Erythrosterna pusilla, Oyornis magnirostris, and Ü. unicolor. Mandelli employed a number of native collectors, and amassed a fine series of birds from Sikhim, Native Sıkhim, the adjacent portions of Tibet, and the Bhutan Dooars. So particular was he as to the condition of his skins that he made a point of throwing away any which were not well preserved. T'he unfortunate man ultimately took his own life, and his collection was purchased by Mr. Allan Hume, and came to the British Museum with the rest of the Hume collection in 1885. It was one of the features of this wouderful donation. Manning (General W. H.). 435 specimens of birds from Nyasa Land and the neishbouring countries. Presented. [99. 1. 2, 1-26; 99. 3. 1, 1-148; 1900. 11. 12, 1-222; 1901. 6. 20, 1-33; 1901. 7. 5, 1-9.] The good work begun in Nyasa Land by Sir Harry Johnston was continued by General (then Colonel) Manning, who succeeded him as H.B.M. Commissioner for British Oentral Africa. The collections sent by General Manning were described by Capt. Shelley in the “ Ibis” for 1899 (pp. 281-283, 369, 564-580, pls. v., vi.; 1901, pp. 161-177, 586-549. Chlorophoneus manningi is named after him (cf. Ibis, 1899, pp. 281-283, 364-350, pls. v., vi.), and other species, Lybius macclouni, Oisticola alticola, aud Cypselus alfredi, were discovered by Mr. McÖloun and the naturalists employed by General Manning. Of. Who’s Who, 1905, p. 1067. Mantell (Dr.), F.R.S. 10 specimens, including cast of the head of the Dodo, eggs and skulls of Östrich and skeletons of other birds. Presented. [41.1. 12, 36, 38,39; 41.1. 14, 26,28; 41.1. 14, 36, 44, 57; 41.1. 17,2, 3.] Of. Dict. Nat. Biogr , xxxvi., p. 99. Mantell (Warter), Esq. [Son of the above.] 5 specimens from New Zealand. Purchased (through Mr. Gould). [56. 5. 28, 1-5.] The original example of Notornis mantelli was purchased on this occasion. T'he history of the specimen is given by Mr. Gould in his “ Handbook to the Birds of Australia” (vol. ü., pp. 576-579). The types of Nestor notabilis, Gould, were also acquired at the same time. A second specimen of Notornis in the Museum bears no register number, but is said to have been procured bv Mr. Walter Mantell, and is so chronicled by Sir Walter Buller (B. New Zealand, 1st ed., p. 192). The two specimens were mounted by the late Mr. A. D. Bartlett, and were for many years exposed in the public Bird Gallery. When the colleetions were transferred to South Kensington from Bloomsbury they were removed and placed in the bird-cabinets, where they are no longer exposed to the risk of bleaching. Birds. 4935 The type of Spatula variegata, Gould, was bought at the same time (cf. Salvacdori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 314). Maries (C.). , 46 birds from China and Japan. Purchased. [80. 2. 27, 1-46.] This collection added a specimen of Ampelis phenicoptera to the collection. 14 mounted specimens from Gwalior. Presented. [91. 6. 20, 1-14.] These birds were beautifully mounted by Mr. Maries, when he was Curator to the Gwalior Museum. Markham (Admiral A. H.). 10 specimens of eggs from Novaya Zemlya. Presented. [79. 11.15, 1-10.] Some of these eggs were very interesting, especially those of the Glaucous Gull (Zarus glaucus), ete. Marsden (Mr. Hereerr). 20 embryos and nestlings of Fulmar Petrels and other St. Kilda birds. Purchased. [99. 7. 11, 1-20.] Marshall (Colonel C. H. T.). 37 specimens, chiefly from the Himalayas. Presented. [78. 3.11, 1-19; 78. 5. 4, 7-24.] 10 specimeus from Chamba, N. W. Himalayas. Presented. [84. 7. 22, 1-10.] Includes the type of the new Monaul (Lophophorus chambanus), now believed to be merely a variety of the common species, L. refulgens. Marshall (Guy A. K.). 41 specimens of birds from Mashonaland. Presented. [96. 3. 15, 1-35 ; 1900. 2. 20, 5-10.] Eldest son of Colonel C. H. T. Marshall, and a first-rate naturalist and collector. He has done some very extensive work with South African Lepidoptera, and has written a very interesting paper on the Birds of Mashonaland (Ibis, 1900, pp. 221-270). The collections presented by Mr. Guy Marshall contained several interesting species hitherto supposed to be confined to S.W. Africa. Martin (Dr. Henry C.). Two curious grey varieties of the Rook (Trypanocorax frugilegus) From Wiltshire. Presented. [1902. 7.8, 1-2. | Meade-Waldo (E. G. B.). 60 birds from the Atlas Mountains, Marocco, including the types of Parus atlas, Motacilla subpersonata and Cotile mauritanica. Presented. [1904. 4. 12, 1-60.] A skeleton of Bubo ignavus from Norway. Presented. [1904. 6. 24, 1.] An egg of Syrnium wralense, laid in confinement. Presented. [1905. 6-21, 1. 450 ee from the Canary Islands, etc. Presented. [1905. 12. 23, 1-450.] Mears (Capt. A.). 116 birds from the Upper Chindwin River. Presented. [1903. 12. 4, 1-104; 1903. 12. 11, 1-12.] 340 birds from the Upper Chindwin River, Burma. Presented. [1904. 12. 6, 1-7 ; 1904. 12. 12, 1-333; 1905. 9. 24, 1-200.] 426 Zoology. Meek (A. S.). ‚See GERRARD. Mr. Albert Meek has been one of the band of naturalists who have collected for the Hon. Walter Rothschild in Papuasia and North Australia. In company with his brother-in-law Mr. Eickhorn, he has carried out some surprisingly successful expeditions, which are recorded in the following papers in the “ Novitates Zoologie ” by the Hon. Walter Rothschild and Dr. Hartert: vol. ii., 1895, p. 61 (Fergusson Island); iii., 1896, pp. 233-251 (Fergusson, Trobriand, Egum, Wovdlark Islands); v., 1898, pp. 521-532 (Sudest Island) ; vi., 1899, pp. 76-84 (Rossel Island), 206-217 (St. Aignan Island), 423-428 (Cape York); viii., pp. 179-189 (Kulambangra, Florida Islands, Solomon Archipelago); pp. 373-382 (Guadalcanar) ; ix., pp. 581-594, pls. vii.-ix. (Isabel Island), xiii., pp. 244- 268 (Solomon Island). Meinertzhagen (Dan). 77 skeletons and birds in spirits. Presented. [98. 5. 7, 1-77.] Of allthe young naturalists whom I have known, Dan Meinertzhagen was certainly one of the most promising, and his early death was a real misfortune for ornithological science. 1 have seen his MSS. written when a boy at Harrow, and they not only show an extraordinary method of observation, but are accompanied by drawings far above the usual school- boy level. He was particularly interested in the Accipitres, of which he kept a fine collection of living exanıples at his father’s residence at Mottis- font Abbey. He had also a very good collection of eggs, and had besun to travel in pursuit of ornithological knowledge, making a successful expedition into Lapland in company with Mr. R. P. Hornby. Had he lived he would no doubt have risen to very high rank as a scientific observer. “Bird Life in an Arctic Spring,” London, 1899, 8vo (pp. xxxiv., 150, pls. 27) gives his diary of his Lapland expedition, wıth an interesting memoir of the author by his mother. Menzbier (Professor M.). 168 birds from Turkestan, collected by the late Dr. Severtzow, and purchased through Professor Menzbier [90. 3. 8, 1-168.] This collection added largely to our Palzarctic series. (helidon lagopus and Cynchramus polaris were new to the Museum. 529 specimens of Paride. Purchased. [1901. 5. 4, 1-529.] This was the private collection of Professor Menzbier, who had intended to write a monograph of the Paridz or family of Tits. Finding that his duties at the University of Moscow had so much increased that there was little hope of his being able to write his intended monograph, he offered his collection to the Trustees of the British Museum, who thus acquired a beautiful series of the Pal®aretie species, including four which were previously unrepresented in the National Collection, with Remiza macronyx, Lophobasileus elegans, ete., and types of Parus songarus, P. afinis, P. superciliosa and Acredula atronuchalis. As the eishth volume of the “ Catalocue of Birds,” notoriously defective and out of date, is about to be re-written, this collection of Paride will be found to be of immense service. Merlin (Consul C. W.L.). 58 birds from Greece and Asia Minor. Presented. [43. 7. 8, 1-27 45. 5. 28, 1-13; 65. 8. 18, 1-18.] Mr. Merlin was for many years H.B.M. Consul at Athens, and was a Birds. 427 rsonal friend of Dr. Krüper, with whom be made several expeditions. He sent many interesting bırds to the Museum. Merriam (Dr. C. Harr). 9 birds from Locust Grove, New York. Presented. [84. 10. 6, 1-9.] Dr. Hart Merriam is now the chief of the Division of Biological Survey in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and under his administration some admirable work has been done, as may be seen in the “North American Fauna,” which is published under his direction. On assuming his appointment in the U.S. Agricultural Department he save up the special study of ornithology, in order to devote his whole time to the duties of his important position. His collection of birds, mostly from Locust Grove, the Adirondack Mountains, and other distriets of the State of New York, passed into the hands of his friend, Mr. H. W. Henshaw, and formed an important part of the great Heushaw collection presented to the '['rustees by Dr. F. D. Godman (vide antea, p. ). Meves (W.). 131 birds from Sweden. Purchased. [74.1.1,1-99; 74. 1. 25, 1-32.] Meves was one of the best taxidermists of his age, and certainly one of the best collectors. He was a great friend of Sundevall and Wahlberg, the latter of whom named a Glossy Starling Lamprotornis mevesi,* from Damara Land. One of my first thoughts on being appointed to the Museum was to get together a good collection of Swedish birds, as being the typical species described by Linn»us. I therefore applied to my old correspondent, Meves, from whom I had had much help when compiling the “ Birds of Europe,” and he sent over a nice series of the common birds of Sweden, in various stages of plumage. Meyer (Dr..A.B.). ‚See GERRARD. The Museum was able to acquire a few duplicate specimens from Dr. Meyer’s celebrated expedition t0 New Guinea and the Moluccas. A few more were received with the Gould collection. Miles (Colonel). 66 birds from Muscat. Presented. [85. 11. 5,1-52; 85. 11. 7, 1-14.] This collection created a great deal of interest amongst ornithologists on its arrival at the British Museum, coming as it did from a locality on the borderland between the Indian and Palsarctic regions. This interesting fact is emphasized by the occurrence of a new Eagle Owl, Bubo milesi, allied to the African forms of Bubo, and a Bee-eater, Merops muscatensis, which finds its nearest ally in M. viridis of India and M. cyanophrys of Aden. "Ihe collection was described by me in the * Ibis’ for 1888 (pp. 162-168, pl. vi.). Milne (Professor). See JANSoN, E. W. When studying volcanic action in Japan, Professor Milne sent home some collections of animals which were offered to the British Museum, and we obtained some interesting birds. * The English name for this bird must be Meves’ Starling, not Meve’s Starling, as given in the “ Fauna of S. Africa,” Birds, i., p. 32. 428 Zoology. Milner (Capt. W. H.). 43 birds from Central and South America. Presented. [91. 10. 9, 1-25 ; 95. 3. 10, 1-8; 96. 4. 3, 1-10.] Captain Milner was in command of one of the steamers of the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, and sometimes found time to shoot a few sea-birds, such as Frigate-birds, ete., which he brought home in the freezing chamber of the vessel.e. The Museum thus procured some interesting species of birds suitable for mounting in the Public Gallery, and for niaking into good skeletons. Miramende (Mr.). 2 specimens of Uratelornis chimera, the Long-tailed Ground-Roller of Madagascar. Purchased. [1902. 12. 10, 1-2.] Mitchell (Sir Tuomas). 212 birds and 14 eggs from Australia. Presented. [39. 8. 2, 101-128; 42. 7. 4, 1-27; 47. 8. 14, 48-164.] Mochler-Ferryman (Capt. A. F.). 20 specimens from Shonga, Upper Nigeria. Presented. [90. 3. 23, 1-20.) Of. his book, “ Up the Niger,” 1892, App. Birds, p. 310. Moloney (Sir ALrren), K.C.M.@. 23 birds from the Gold Coast. Presented. [83. 10. 22, 1-23.] 5 birds from Lagos. Presented. [90. 2. 7, 1-5.] Sir Alfred Moloney was successively Steretary to the Gold Coast, Administrator of the Gambia, and afterwards of Lagos, and took great interest in the natural history ot the dependencies over which he ruled. He also made a good collection of Senegambian birds for Captain Shelley this has passed with the Shelley collection into the British Museum. Of.“ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 1075. Monteiro (JoacHım J.). 179 birds from Angola and Benguela. [73. 12. 10, 1-179.] Monteiro was a great personal friend of my own, and he was one of the most clever and amiable men I have ever met. His wife, who was an accomplished musician, was also a born naturalist and an excellent collector, and shared with her husband all the difficulties and discomforts connected with a life in the wilds of Africa. Monteiro was one of the first of our British naturalists to visit Angola, and his collections were described by Dr. Hartlaub in the ‘ Proceedings’ of the Zoological Society for 1860, pp. 109-112, pl. elxi.; 1565, pp. 86-96, pls. iv.-vi.; cf. also Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1870, pp. 142-150, pl. xiii.; and the ‘Ibis’ for 1862, pp- 933-342, pl.xi. There were many new forms, and for a long time Mon- teiro was unwilling to part with his collection ; but in 1873 he yielded to my entreaties and offered it to the T'rustees, whereby the Museum became possessed of the types of many interesting species: Ortygometra ango- lensis, Hartl. (= Orecopsis egregia, Peters; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,xxiii., p. 81), Otis pieturata, Hartl. (= Heterotetraw rüppelli, Wahlberg ; cf. Sharpe, t.c, p. 29), Ahinoptilus bisignatus, Asturinula meridionalis, Lophoceros monteiri (Hartl.), Toccus elegans, Hartl. (=Lophoceros elegans, Grant, Cat. B., xvii., p. 415), Upupa decorata, Hartl. (= U. africana, Bechst.; cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xvi., p. 14), Caprimulgus fulviventris, Hartl., Hirundo monteiri, Hartl., Platysteira albifrons, Sharpe, Muscicapa lugens, Hartl., Pyenonotus tricolor, Hartl., Aethocichla gymnogenys, Hartl., Laniarius Birds. 429 monteiri, Sharpe, Dryeoscopus guttatus, Hartl, D. angolensis, Hartl., Nectarinia chalcea, Hartl. (= (innyris cupreus, Shaw), Vidua decora, Hartl., Hyphantornis xanthops, Hartl., Pytelia monteiri, Hartl., Certhi- lauda benguellensis, Sharpe. Obituary Notice, Ibis, 1578, p. 208. Moore (F.). See HoRSFIELD, Dr., and Inpra Museum, LoxDon. Mr. Frederic Moore was born May 13th, 1830, at the house of the Zoological Society, 33, Bruton Street, his parents being the Office- and House-keeper to the Society; these duties being continued by them at the Society’s House and Museum in Leicester Square, Pall Mall, and at 11 Hanover Square. His school days were spent at the Academy of Mr. w. Chambers, F.Z.S., in Castle Street, Leicester Square, which he left in 1845. He then went as Entomological Assistant to the Rev. F. W. Hope, at his Museum in Upper Seymour Street. In 1848 he was appointed Assistant to Dr. T. Horsfield, in the Museum of the East India Company in Leadenhall Street, and, after the abolition of the Company, he filled the duties of Assistant-Curator and Zoological Superintendent of the India Museum till its transference to the Crown, in 1880, when he retired on a pension from the Indian Government. From 1880 he fulfilled the Office of Entomologist in the Economic Section of the Science and Art Museum at the branch in Bethnal Green, till the abolition of this Section in 1883. From 1881 to 1837, he compiled and published the three vols. of the “ Lepidoptera of Ceylon,” and from the latter year to the present (1905) has also prepared and published six vols. of the “Lepidoptera Indica.” In 1893 he received the Honorary Degree of D.Sc. from the University of Pennsylvania. Moore (SPENCER). 25 eggs of Brazilian birds. Presented. [1900. 8. 19, 1-28.] Morcom (G. Frean). 82 specimens of birds from California. Presented. [87.1. 27, 1-82.] The type of Colinus ridgwayi is included in this collection. Moreno (Dr. F. P.). 242 birds from the Argentine Republic. Presented. [99.1. 27, 1-242.] Dr. Moreno was one of the Commissioners of the Chili-Argentina Boundary Settlement. The collection which he gave to the Museum was prineipally from the Salta district, and contained a number of interesting species, among them being a new Dove (Gymnopelia morenoi, Sharpe, Bull. B.0.C., xii., p. 54, 1902). Morgan (Rev. CuanceLLor A.). 3 birds from Monmouthshire. Presented. [73. 12. 6, 1-3.] Chancellor Morgan was a friend of Dr. Günther, and sent specimens for the collection. Morrogh (Dr. A. McCarrtny). 3 Er birds from Uganda, British East Africa. Presented. [1902. 7. 30, Moseley (E. L.). 73 specimens from the Philippine Islands, Purchased. [90. 9. 9 1-25; 91. 4. 25, 1-48.] ; $ a specimens from the Philippine Islands. Exchanged. [90. 12, 1a 430 Zoology. Mr. Moseley was one of the band of naturalists who joined the celebrated expedition of Prof. J. B. Steere to the Philippine Archipelago (vide infra, p. )and alterwards took part in the Mearns expedition to the same group. In the above purchases were numerous species new to the Museum : Chrysocolaptes samarensis, Centropus mindorensis, Cranorhinus waldeni, Loriculus worcesteri, L. mindorensis, L. siquijorensis, (eyx fluminieola, C. malamaui, and the type of Ceyx bournsi, Graucalus mindorensis, Edoliisoma panayensis, Jole siquijorensis, I. mindorensis, Irena elle, Arachnothera philippinensis, Zeocephus cinnamomeus, Maeronus minda- mensis, Abrornis olivacea, Diezum besti, Cinnyris guimarasensis, Orypto- lopha nigrorum, Sarcophanops sumarensis, Ptiloeichla basilanice, Mixornis nigricapitatus, and Oittocincla cebuensis. Mougel ( Y A correspondent of Edward Hargitt, in whose collection are many specimens from the Vosges Mountains obtained by Mougel. Moulden (E. S.). 37 eggs of birdsfrom Adelaide, South Australia. Presented. [1900. 5. 21, 1-9; 1900. 5. 25, 1-28.] Munt (H.). 77 specimens of birds from Australia. Presented. [96. 4. 8, 1-77.] Murray (A.). See also Ross, B. R. 40 birds from Fort Simpson, W. Canada, collected by B. R. Ross. Presented. [61. 7. 9, 1-40.] Murray (Sir Joun), K.O.B. 152 specimens of birds’ nests and eggs from Christmas Island, Indian Ocean. Presented. [97. 12. 15, 1-36; 98. 9. 16, 1-88; 98.9. 21, 1-10; 98. 9. 27, 1-18.] Sir John Murray supplied the funds for a scientifie exploration of Christmas Island, and Dr. Andrews, of the British Museum, was the naturalist selected. 'T'he results of this very successful expedition are set forth in a memoir published by the Trustees: “ A Monograph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean),” London, 1900, 8vo, Aves, pp. 37-50, pls. iii.-vi. Museums. See AUSTRALIAN (pP. ), AZORES (p. ), BRUSSELS (p. ), CALCUTTA (p. ); SALANGORE (Pp. ), SOUTH AFRICAN (pP. ) WEST AUSTRALIAN (p. ). Musters (J. P. CuaworTH). 5 specimens of birds from Spain and Norway. Presented. [1902. 3. 26, 1-5.] Nelson (E. W.). A very celebrated American field-naturalist, who has done most excellent collecting work in Alaska (ef. “ Oruize of the Corwin”), and especially in Mexico for the U.S. Biological Survey. Many specimens from his Alaska expedition were in the Henshaw collection. Neroutcheff (D.). 7 specimens from Baku, Caspian Sea, including specimens of Anser rhodorhynchus and Dranta ruficollis. Exchanged. [1902. 8. 15, 1-7.] Birds. 451 Newnes (Sir GEORGE), Bart. 186 birds and eggs from Victoria Land. Presented. [1901. 1. 5, 1-64; 1901. 1. 7, 1-104; 1901. 2. 5, 1-6; 1901. 12. 1, 1-12. ] This is the collection made by the late Nikolai Hanson and Mr. Huch Evans on the expedition of the Southern Cross, and described in the “ Report on the collections of Natural History” from that voyage (Aves, pp- 106-172, pls. vii.-x.), published by the Trustees in 1902. Newton (Professor ALFRED), F.R.S. 21 specimens from the islands of St. Thomas and St. Croix in the West Indies. Presented. [59. 3. 25, 7-27.] An account of ihe birds collected in St. Croix by Professor Newton and his brother, Sir Edward Newton, is published in the ‘Ibis’ for 1859 (pp- 59-69, pl. i., 138-150, 252-264, 365-379, pl. xii.). For the scientifie work of this celebrated British omithologist, see “Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1186, from which publication I have extracted the following notes :— Professor Newton was a Travelling Fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1854-63, visiting Lapland, Iceland, West India Islands, and North America; re-elected Fellow, 1877 ; in 1864 accompanied Mr. (now Sir) Edward Birkbeck to Spitsbergen ; brought the subject of Bird Pro- tection before British Association, 1868; for several years Chairman of the Close-time Committee, during which time were passed the first three Acts of Parliament for Protection of Birds, especial attention to expiring faunas of Mascarene and Sandwich Islands; Chairman many years of British Association Migration of Birds Committee; has been Vice- President of the Royal and (frequently) Zoological Society ; President of Cambridge Philosophical Suciety; awarded gold medal of Linnean Society, and one of the Royal medals adjudged by the Royal Society, 1900. Publications: “ I’he Zoolozy of Ancient Europe,” 1862; “ The Ornithology of Iceland” (Appendix to Mr. Baring-Gould’s work on that island, 1863); “Ootheca Wolleyana,” 1864-1902; “Aves in the Record of Zoological Literature ” (vols. i.-vi.); “ Zoology,” 1874 (2nd ed., 1894); “ Birds of Greenland ” (Arctic Manual, 1875); “A Dictionary of Birds ” (1893-96) ; numerous contributions to scientific journals and articles in “ Encyelo- psdia Britannica,” 9th ed.; editor of the “Ibis,” new series, 1865-70; “The Zoological Record,” 1870-72; “ Yarrel’s British Birds” 4th ed., vols. i. ii., 1871-82. Nicoll (MicHAeL J.) An enthusiastic young observer who has accompanied the Earl of Crawford’s voyages round the world, as naturalist on board the Valhalla (1902-3) (1903-4) (1905-6). He was born at Bepton in Sussex in 1880, and takes great interest in the birds of his native county. See CRAWFORD, Earl of. Nicholson (Francıs). 31 birds from Heligoland. Presented. [76. 11. 28, 1-31.] Mr. Nicholson is a very zealous ornithologist, and formed one of our party when I accompanied Mr. Seebohm on his well-known journey to Helisoland (cf. ‘ Ibis,’ 1877, pp. 156-165). 69 birds from Abeokuta, West Africa. Presented. [77.11.25, 1-69.] I'hese birds were collected by Mr. Robin and were described by Mr. Nicholson in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological Society in 1878 (pp. 128-131, pl. x.). Zstrilda sharpei was described as new: it has 432 Zoology. since been found to be identical with Estrilda capistrata, and should be called Pytelia capistrata (Hartl.) (ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 390, note). 18 birds from Cape Palmas, Queensland, etc. Presented. [77. 12. 6, 1-18. in birds and nests from Java, collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes. Presented. [78. 10. 21, 1-121; 82. 9. 26, 1-17.] Includes the type of Zosterops buxtoni (=Z. aureiventer ; ef. Cat. B., ix., p. 165). Dr. Forbes’ Javan collection was described by Mr. Nicholson in the “ Ibis” for 1879 (pp. 164-171, 1882, pp. 66-71.) 11 birds from Sumatra, collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes. Presented. [83. 2. 19, 1-11.] (ef. Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, pp. 51-65). Hemixus sumatranus and Zosterops chlorates were new to the collection. Nisbett (Capt. W. G.). 15 specimens of Silver Pheasants from the Kachin Hilis in Upper Burma. Presented. [1902. 11. 9, 1-15.] Included the type of Gennzus nisbetti, Oates, Ibis, 1903, p. 99. Nix (CHARLES). 44 birds from China. Presented. [1904. 12. 1, 1-44.] Nixon (Miss). 23 birds from California. Presented. [1905. 8. 11, 1-23.] Noble (Hrartey). 6 specimens of the rare Duck, Elasmonetta chlorotis, from New Zealand. Presented. [99. 10. 17, 1-6.] 2 specimens of White’s Thrush (Oreocichla varia) with nest. Presented. [1900. 5. 7, 1-2.] These are the specimens exhibited in the nesting series, Group No. 26. 25 embryos of birds in spirit. Presented. [1900. 8. 10, 8-32.) 4 specimens of the Steamer-Duck (Tachyeres cinereus), from the Falkland Islands. Presented. [1900. 11. 30, 1-4.] 7 birds from Southern Spain. Presented. [1901. 7. 17, 1-7.] Nordvi ( )- Many specimens of eggs collected by Nordvi are in the Seebohm collection. His name frequently occurs in Pleske’s “ Kola Halb-Insel.” Norman (G. C.). 6 eggs of British birds, from Bristol. Presented. [86. 6. 15, 1-6.] Mr. Norman was for some years a volunteer assistant in the Bird Room, and was a great help in registering and incorporating our acces- sions. He wrote a paper “On the Geographical Distribution of the Crested Cuckoos (Coceystes), in the ‘Ibis’ for 1888, pp. 396-409, and described a new species, Ü. caroli. North (A. J.). 98 eggs from Australia. Presented. [1905. 5. 21, 1-98.] Born in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, of English parents, Alfred John North exhibited in his earliest years an inborn taste for ornithology. During his school-days, the nucleus was formed of his large private collection. Visits were made to the National Museum, Melbourne, where he occasionally met the Director, the late Sir Frederick McCoy, but more frequently (owing to Sir Frederick’s professorial and other duties) the late Mr. William Kershaw, and the late Mr. Jobn Leadbeater, who Birds. 433 respectively had charge of the Entomological and Ornithological depart- ments. In August 1878, he spent that month in the fern-gullies and hills of the Strzelecki Ranges in South Gippsland. The ruthless act of the selector and bushn-fires had then but barely touched one of Nature’s fairest domains, the home of the Giant Fern and towering Eucalyptus, the latter ranking among the tallest trees in the world. I'he locality was rich in bird-life, and a fair representative collection of bird-skins and eges was made during this and many succeeding visits to the same district. Ptilotis cassidix and Pyenoptelus floccosus were amongst the most common birds there, and the nest and ergs of the latter species were discovered. In 1880 he became one of the original members of 'he Field Naturalists’ Club of Victoria, and, though absent from that State for the past eighteen years, still remains an active member. Since 1878 he had been corresponding with Dr. E. P. Ramsay, Curator of the Australian Museum, Sydney, from whom he received many valuable hints as to the proper mode of collecting birds and their eggs, their correct identification and nomenclature, and the importance of making full notes relative to their habits. This information was supplemented by exchanges of specimens from Dr. Ramsay’s private collection at Dobroyde. At intervals, until September 1886, collecting-trips were made, principally to the Ballarat and south-western distriets of Victoria, South Gippsland, and Western Port. All the sets of eggs from Victoria and New South Wales sent to the late Mr. Phillip Crowley, and now in the British Museum, as well as others presented direct to the Trustees of the latter institution, were personally taken by him. Mr. North then left Victoria, to arrange the Dobroyde collection for Dr. Ramsay, with the further intention of proceeding to Cairns, in North- eastern Queensland, to join a relative who had spent the two preceding years in that distriet, and who from time to time had forwarded him specimens of bird-skins, eggs, and insects. It was, however, decided otherwise. After a stay of five months in Sydney, arranging at his leisure the Dobroyde collection, and subsequently the collection of birds’ eggs in the Australian Museum, he was asked in February 1897 by the Trustees of the latter institution to undertake the preparation of a Catalogue. This he did, and it was published in 1899 under the title of “ Descriptive Catalogue of the Nests and Eggs of Birds found breeding in Australia and Tasmania.” Later on he was appointed to assist the Curator, Dr. Ramsay, principally in the preparation of the “ Catalogue of Australian Birds in the Australian Museum.” In company with Dr. Ramsay, collecting-expeditions were made to different parts of the State. In addition to obtaining birds and eggs, in 1888 he made large collections of Silurian fos-ils at Lilydale, and Tertiary fossils at Muddy Creek and Schnapper Point, Victoria, and in the following year of Permo-carboni- ferous fossils at Gerringong and Crooked River, New South Wales, On the 4th Auzust, 1891, he was appointed to the posıtion he now holds, as Ornithologist, in the Australian Museum. In 1896-7 he visited the inland plains between Narrabri and Moree, and northward to the neigh- bourhood of the Queensland border, making a collection of birds, nests, and esgs, a short trip being made in the following year to the Upper Clarence River District. His official duties keeping him for the most part in town, he has chosen for residence outlying suburbs, where he has made himself thoroughly acquainted with the habits and nidification of each bird, and, where possible, has studied the life history of a species. Thus five years were spent at Dobroyde and Ashfield, lour more on the outskirts of VOL. II. DE 434 Zoology. Canterbury and Croydon, and seven years at Chatswood and Roseville. The latter is beautifully timbered, with scrub and heath-lands in places, ‚Intersected with creeks and ravines leading to Middle Harbour, and is likely to remain a delishtful hunting ground for the ornithologist for many years to come. 'T'he results of his labours have chiefly appeared in his many contributions to the “ Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales,” the “ Records of the Australian Museum,” and the “Sydney Town and Country Journal” (the latter anonymous) ; to a less extent in “The Victorian Naturalist,” the “ Proceedings of the Zoological Society ” (London), “ The Ibis,” and kindred publicativus. Not forgetting the “ Descriptive Catalogue” previously referred to, among his other more important contributions to ornithological literature are the “ Aves of the Horn Scientific Expedition to Uentral Australia,” published in 1896, and a “List of Birds collected by the Calvert Exploring Expedition in Western Australia,”* published in the “ Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia” for 1898, the field notes being supplied in both instances by that indefatigable collector, Mr. G. A. Keartland. The work on which Mr. North is now engaged, and of which four Parts and an Index forming Volume I. have been publi:hed by the Trustees of the Australian Museum, is “ Special Catalogue No. L” His life-histories of Khipidura albiscapa, Micrzca fascinans, Gerygone albigularis, Malurus lumberti, and Origma rubricata, show what can be done by daily observation, under favourable auspices, and in the neighbourhood uf a large eity. Especial attention has also been paid to the family of Bower- birds (Ptilonorhynchid&) in the work, which is freely illustrated with drawings of birds and photographs of nests, mostly taken in situ by the author. Northbourne (Lord). A specimen of Baillon’s Crake (Porzana bailloni) from Deal. Pre- sented. [1905, 10. 10, 1.] Northeott (Colonel H. P.). 55 birds from Gambaga in the Gold Coast Hinterland, West Africa. Presented. [99. 9. 20, 1-55.) A list of Colonel Northevtt’s collection was published by me in the “ Bulletin” of the British Ornithologists’ Club for 1899 (pp. vi., vii.). Amiongst other interesting species obtained by him was ZLundus gubernator, Hartl., previously only known from Equatorial Africa. In the same number of the “ Bulletin ” some new species from Gambaga were described by Dr. Hartert from Captain Giffard’s collection (£.c., p. v.; id., Nov. Zuvol., VI., pp. 402-403). Colonel Northeott was at a moment’s notice despatched from England to join Lord Methuen’s staff on the Moiider River, and was ki:led almost immediately on his arrival. (Cf. Sharpe, Bull. B.0.C., x., p. xxvi.) Nurse (Capt. C. G.). 53 birds from Aden and Somali Land. Exchanged. [96. 2. 18, 1-53.] Captain Nurse made some interesting collections, principally of Lepidoptera, but the Museum also received some birds from him, among them being our first speeimens of the Somali-Land Sparrow (Passer castanopterus). * Proc. Roy. Soc. South Austr., vol. xxii., p. 125 (1898). nr er NE Birds. 4535 Oates (EuGEnE W.). 67 birds from Burma. Purchased. [82. 1. 9, 1-67.] Among other interesting species, the Burmese Merlin (Poliohierax insignis) was added to the Museum collection. 62 nests and sterna of Burmese birds. Presented. [82. 1. 16, 1-31; 82. 1. 17, 1-31.] 1562 specimens of Burmese birds. Purchased. [82. 1. 20, 1428; 85. 4. 17, 1-9; 88. 8. 18, 1-49.] A splendid series of Pelicans, and 34 species new to the collection, were acquired on this occasion. 610 eggs of Burmese birds. Presented. [82. 3. 20, 1-393; 84. 10. 2, 1-198; 85. 7. 21, 199-218. ] 99 specimens from the Shan States. Presented. [91. 3. 15, 1-13; 94. 7. 3, 1-86.] The first scientific collections received by the Museum from Burma. Graculipica fuscogularis, Salvad., was new to the National Collection, but the specimen was afterwards referred to @. burmanica by Mr. Oates (“Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds,’ i., p. 535). Pomatorkinus imberbis, Salvad., was new to the Museum, as also the type of Ixulus elarki, Oates. Mr. Oates was an oflicer in the Public Works Department in Burma, and rose to the highest positions in this branch of the Service. In his leisure moments he devoted himself to the study of natural history, and it is as a naturalist that he will always be known to fame. No more con- scientious worker has ever lived, and his “Birds of British Burma,” and the first two volumes of the “ Aves” in the “Fauna of British India,” are models of what such books should be. His influence on the history of zoology has been great, and his work is held in hish esteem by all ornithologists. His recent illness, which has compelled him to fore go the eompletion of the “Catalogue of Birds’ Eggs in the British Museum,” of which he wrote the first two volunıes, has been much regretted by all his colleagues in the British Museum. Oates (Frank). See OATES, W. E. and C. G. Oates (W.E. and C. G.). 350 birds from Matabele Land. Presented [79. 9. 7, 1-350.] This collection was made by Mr. Frank Oates, the brother of the donors, and was described by me in the Appendix to “ Matabele Land and the Victoria Falls” (8vo, London, 1881), App., pp. 294-328, pls. A,B. Bradyornis oatesi and Sawicola shelleyi were described as new, but the latter species of Chat is now considered to be a Thamnolea (cf. Sharpe, Handl., iv., p. 170). Frank Oates was a most enthusiastic sportsman and naturalist, and would have done much good ornithological work, had his life been prolonged. He died during his journey back from the Zambesi. Ogilvie (F. Menteıth). 28 specimens of Game-birds from Argylishire. Presented. [91. 12. 24, 1-28.] Ogilvie-Grant (W.R.). See also Barıng, Hon. Cecın ; and Forges, Dr. H.O.; Reıp, Capt. G. SavıLE; RoTHscHILD, Hon. WALTER. 59 birds and eggs from Crieff, Perthshire. Presented. [84. 5. 16, 1-10; 84. 6. 3, 1-6; 97. 11. 6, 1-43.] 272 436 Zoology. S birds from Bournemouth. Presented. [89. 2. 27, 1-87.] 27 birds from Banfishire. Presented. [89. 10. 1, 1-27.] 82 birds from Madeira and the Desertas. Presented. [90. 5. 7, 1-82.] Among many other interesting species, a new Sparrow Hawk, Aceipiter granti, was described by me. 10 specimens of Shags and Cormorants from Cromarty. Presented. [97. 5. 14, 1-10.] 16 specimens of Geese and Pigeons from Cromarty and Sutherlandshire, Presented by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Capt. Savile Reid, and G. A. St. Quintin. [97. 5. 16, 1-16.] The groups of the Grey Lag-Goose (Anser anser) and Rock Dove (Columba livia), with their nests, eggs, and natural surroundings, were obtained on this occasion. [Nos. 147 and 82 of the nesting-groups.] 9 British Marsh Tits, and other birds [rom Kent, Hertfordshire, Berk- shire, Surrey, Sussex, etc. Presented. [1902. 1. 21, 1-4; 1902. 1. 24, 1-3 ; 1902. 1. 27, 1-2; 1902. 3. 27, 3-15.] 52 birds from Clandeboye, Ireland, and Chislehurst. Presented. [1905. 6. 5, 1-52.] 8 birds from South Wales. Presented. [1905. 7. 19, 1-8.] Mr. Ögilvie-Grant has been my colleague in the British Museum since June 1882, and bas worked with great enthusiasm. He has procured 27 of the nesting-groups ot British Birds, many taken by himself, others in company with Capt. Savile Reid and Mr. G. A. St. Quintin. He has also made expeditions to Madeira and the neighbouring islands (with the Hon. Cecil Baring), Canarıes, Salvage Islands, Azores, S. Arabia, and Sokotra (with Dr. H. O. Forbes), adding, in every instance, valuable series of specimens to the collections. He is a great authority on the game-birds, and described the Order Galliformes in vol. xxii. of the ‘Catalogue of Birds.” He has also written a large portion of vols. xvii. and xxvi. of the * Catalogue.’ Among the nesting-groups of British Birds, the Museum owes the following to Mr. Oeilvie-Grant:—Rook, Jackdaw, Hooded Crow, Tree- Pipit, Robin, ! hiffchaff, Swallow, House-Martin, Partridge, Black Grouse, Cape:caillie, Lesser Spotted Woodpecker, Rock Dove, Sıock Dove, Red- throated Diver, Corn-Crake, Dottrell, Herring Gull, Saudwich Tern, Roseate T'ern, Heron, Sheld-Duck, Peregrine Falcon, Buzzard, Golden Eagle. Olcese (M.). See BOUCARD, A. ÖOlcese was the successor of the celebrated naturalist Favier, in Tangier. He made considerable collectiovons in the neighbourhood of that town, and the Museum has secured some interesting Specimens through Mr. Boucard. Oldham (Professor THuoMmAs). 35 birds from India. Presented. [56. 6. 10, 1-35.] Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xlii., p. 111, for Prof. Oldham’s interesting career. Oliver (Lieut. GERALD). 11 eggs of birds from Troughton Island, N.W. Australia. Presented. 30. 12.25, 3-10 Biras. 437 Olph-Galliard (M. Vıcror Aımx L£on). 5 birds from S. France. Presented. [76. 7. 27, 1-5.] I met M. Olph-Galliard in Paris, and arranzed an exchange of British fr Freuch birds with him. He died soon after, before he had obtained any series beyond a few Long-tailed Tits. He was a very sound ormitho- logist, and wrote one of the few existing books on ıhe French Avifauna, “Oontributions & la Faune Ornitholoeique de l’Europe oceidentale” (Bayonne, 8vo, 1884-1892). He was also the describer of Moussier’s Redstart (Rutici/la moussieri) in 1846, and wrote in 1891 a “ Catalogue des Oiseaux des environs de Lyon” (cf. Ibis, 1893, p. 478). Osmaston (B. B.). 51 birds’ nests and eggs from Darjeeling. Presented. [1904. 12.7, 1-85. Otago Museum, New Zealand. 42 birds from Antipodes Island, the Chatham and Auckland Groups, Kermadec Islands, and Snares Islands. keceived in exchange. [97. 12.6, 1-42.] Owston (Aran). A specimen of Oceanodroma tristrami. Purchased. [1900. 2. 5, 1.] Packman (J. C. D.). 139 birds from Tenasserim. Presented. [44. 3. 25, 1-139.] This was probably the first collection of Tenasserim birds ever made, but it was so badly preserved that most of the specimens have perished, or have been given away, since the acquisition of Mr. Hume’s splendid series of birds from this part of the British Empire. Page (Capt. Juan). 178 birds from the Pilcomayo River. Presented. [95. 9. 8, 1-178.] An expedition for the exploration of the Gran Chaco and the Pilco- mayo River was started in 1390 under the leadership of Capt. Page of the Argentine Navy, who died at Fortin Page. Dr. Graham Kerr was the naturalist to the expedition, which suflered great hardships, and the col- lection of birds was only saved with much difficulty. He has written an interesting paper on the “ Avifauna of the Lower Pilcomayo” in the “ Ibis” for 1892 (pp. 120-152, pl. iii.). Two new species of Woodpecker, (eleus kerri and Picumnus pilcomayensis, were described by Mr. Edward Hargitt (Ibis, 1891, pp. 605, 606). Palmer (A.J.V.). 84 specimens from Bushire. Presented. [86. 7. 1, 1-59; 86. 7.6, 1-25 This interesting collection was described by me in the “ Ibis” for 1886 (pp. 493-499). Paris. Musee d’Histoire Naturelle. 8 birds from the Comoro Islands. Presented. [88. 4. 8, 1-8.] The duplicates from the collection made by M. Humblot were presented to the British Museum by Prof. Alphonse Milne-Edwards, by whom, and his successor Prof. Oustalet, the most friendly feeling has always been exhibited for the British Museum. Four species were 438 Zoology. new to the national collection, Turdus comorensis, Humblotia flavirostris, Cinnyris humbloti, and Terpsiphone comorensis, described by Milne- Edwards and Oustalet in the “ Comptes Rendus,” ci., 1885. Parker (Prof. T. JEFFREY). 4 specimens of Kiwis, Aptery® australis, A. mantelli, A. oweni. Presented. [96. 3. 13, 1-4.] Parry-Evans (Rev. J. D. S.). 12 eggs from the Transvaal. Presented. [1904. 2. 3,1-12.] Parzudaki (M. Enırr). 33 sterna of birds from Algeria. Purchased. [51. 8. 25, 32-64.} 69 birds and eggs from various localities. Purchased. [51. 9. 11, 6-8; 52.3. 8, 1-20; 52. 5. 27, 1-18; 58. 6. 23, 1-28.] Many of the specimens are from South America; but a number of birds from different parts of Europe were also purchased. 86 birds and eggs, mostly from South America. [53. 9. 28, 1-25; 53. 12. 6, 3444.] One uf the types of Ortalis wagleri, Gray, was included in this series, and Acroptornis orthonyx, Lafr., and Psaltriparus minimus were added to the Museum collection. 145 birds aud eggs from various localities. [54. 6. 24, 1-14; 54. 6. 28, 1-3; 58. 6. 2, 1-128.] Included the type of Turturena malherbei. A specimen of Balzniceps rex. Purchased. [58. 11. 20, 34.] The Whale-headed Stork was d«scribed by Gould in 1851 from a specimen brought from the Upper White Nile by Manstield. The bird purchased from Parzudaki was the first one obtained by the British Museum, and the present resting-place of the type-specimen is, I believe, unknown. There is no information as to the origin of the Parzudaki specimen. 223 specimens of Parrots from various localities, several being from the Massena collection. Purchased. 59. 11. 22, 1-88; 60. 11. 7, 1-5; 60. 11. 8, 1-130.] I'ypes of Conurus chloropterus, Souance; ©. rubrolarvatus, Massena and Souance; Conurus astec, Souance; Pyrrhura hematotis, Bouance ; Chrysotis chloronota, Sovuance: P. moline, Massena and Souance; Ohrysostis coceineifrons, Souance (=Ü. viridigena, ÜCass.; cf. Salvad., Cat., xx., p. 297); Loriculus apicalis, Sovance; L. regulus, Souance ; Psittacula eyanopygia, Souance; P. chrysogaster, Parzud. (nom. nudum) (= P. passerina, L.; cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 245); Gnathositta eterotis, Massena and Souance; Pionus seniloides, Massena and Souance. The following species were new to the cullection: (onurus petzi (Leibl.)= ©. canicularis (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 201), Anodorhynchus glaucus (V.), Cyanopsittacus spixi (Wagl.), Pzocephalus fuscicollis, Neophema splendidz, Cyanorhamphus erythrotis, Loriculus stigmatus, Palzornis eques, Lorius lory, L. garrulus. Payne (W. A.). 8 eggs from the Transvaal. [1902. 11. 18, 1-8.] Pearce (W.) Sent many birds from the neighbourhood of Constantinople, and was apparently a pupil of Mr. T. Robson’s, as he prepared his specimens in the same way. He afterwards collected in Cyprus for Lord Lilford. Birds. 439 Pearson (Henry J.). 13 specimensfrom Waigats, Novaya Zemlya,etc. Presented. [98.8.2 1-13.] Ineluded skins, spirit-specimens and nestlings of several rare Arctic species, Limonites minuta, Anthus cervinus, etc. 18 eggs of the Little Stint (Limonites minuta) from Waigats Island, and Dolgoi Island, N. Russia. Presented. [1900. 11.10, 1-18] (ef. Vates, Cat. Eggs Brit. Mus., iij., p. 53, 1902). 3 specimens of Totanus fuscus, imm. from Russian Lapland. Pre- sented. [1904. 5. 12, 1-3.] Mr. Henry Pearson was born in 1850 at Chilwell, Notts (the adjoining village to Beeston, where John Wolley resided, when in England). He was prevented untıl 1891 from devoting much time to ornithology, by the more urgent pressure of business. In that year he and his brother, Charles Pearson, went to Norway; and, having chartered a small steamer, explored many of the Lofoden Islands, trom Andö in the north to Röst, the most soutbern one. Iu 1892 be spent some time during the nesting-seasın on the Dovrefjeld and the distiiet round the Nordfjord; and again visited these parts in 1902. An interesting excursion, on which Messrx. Edward Bidwell and Charles Pearson accom- panied him, was made to the Lofoden Islands, Porsanger Fjord and other parts of Northern Norway in 1893, and recorded in the ‘Ibis’ for April 1894. The following year was devoted to an exploration of the Southern Fiskevötra of Iceland; the results were published in the ‘Ibis’ for April 1895. In 1895 a more extended voyage was attempted, viz., to Novaya Zemlya. Mr. Pearson was acconıpanied by Colonel H. W. Feilden, the Rev. H. H. Siater and Mr. C. Pearson ; but the unsuitability of the yacht chartered for the expedition prevented his plans from being carried out in full. A short excursion was made to the north of Norway in 1896, when Mr. Pearson ascertained that most of the red gulis’ eggs so prized by collectors were laid by Larus argentatus. Warned by the failure of 1895, a larger vessel was chartered in 1897 and a more successful voyage was made to Novaya Zemlya, his companious being Coionel Feilden and Dr. Frederick Curtis. The results obtained in 1895 and 1897 were published in “Beyond Petsora ‚Eastward,” a book which has valuable appendices by Colonel Feilden on the botany and geolory of the countries visited. Mr. Pearson’s visit to Russian Laplaud, with Mr. C. Pearson, in 1899, was recorded in the ‘Ibis’ for October of that year. In 1901 he again went to that country and made a short stay on the Kanin Peninsula on the opposite side of the White Sea; while 1903 was spent in the interior to the south of Kola, the old capital of Russian Lapiand. Mr. Pearson’s last book, “ Three Summers among the Birds of Russian Lapland,” contains a detailed account of these expeditions. Pease (Sir ALrrep E.). 386 birds from Somali Land and Southern Abyssinia. Presented. [1902. 1. 20, 1-386.] 14 birds from the Transvaal. Presented. [1905. 8. 13, 1-14.] This collection represents the result of Mr. Pease’s expedition to Abvssivia. Besides many rare and interesting species new to the Museum eullection, were further added the types of three new species, Oisticola lavendul®, Upupa intermedia, and Prodotiscus peasei. "The collection was described by Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant and Mr. R. J. Reid in the ‘Ibis’ for 1901 (pp. 607-699, pl. xiii.), where some good field-notes by 440 Zoology. Sir Alfred Pease will be found. He has also written a large work, entitled “ Peek (Sir Henry), Bart. 60 specimens of birds and eggs from Labrador. Presented. [98. 4. 16, 1-60.] Sir Henry Peek was a collector of British Birds, and having received an offer of this collection from Labrador, purchased it at my request, and presented it to the British Museum. At his country seat at Rousdon, in Devonshire, is a colleetion of mounted birds, perhaps the most complete representation of the species in the “ British List ” in the Kingdom. Peel (Arın). 39 birds from Uruguay. Purchased. [73. 6.28, 2-10; 76.3.18,1-80.] 108 birds from Buenos Aires. Purchased. [78.1. 25, 1-108.] Mr. Alan Peel was a personal friend of Dr. Günther’s, and his collections were of considerable value to the British Museum. Peel (C. V. A.). 19 birds from Somali Land. Presented. [98. 4. 13, 1-19.] From Mr. Peel the Museum received its first specimen of the rare Somali Bustard, Feterotetrax humilis. He has written a book, “ Somali- land, being an account of two expeditions into the far interior, with a complete list of every Animal and Bird known to inhabit that country, and a list of Reptiles collected by the author” (London, 1900, 8vo, pp- xviii., 340), Appendix (Birds), pp. 805-333. Penard (Messrs. F. P. and A. P.). 43 birds from Paramaribo, Surinam. Presented. [1902. 10.31, 1-43.] 241 eggs from Surinam. Presented. [1904. 11. 22, 1-241.] Penguin (Voyage H.M.S.). Of. Smith, Dr. F. W. Bassett (p. > Penrose (Dr. Frank). 40 skins of Sea-birds from Ascension Island. Presented. [99. 1. 4, 1-40.] Penton (Surgeon-Major), R.N. 54 birds from Suakin. Presented. [93. 9. 20, 1-54.] 10 birds from Wady Halfa. Presented. [95. 7. 15, 6-15.] T'he last collection contained two speeimens of the African Wood-Ibis (Pseudotantalus ibis). Percival (A. BLAyner). 71 birds aud esgs from the Ruo and Shire Rivers, Zambesia. Pur- chased. [99. 6. 8, 1; 1900. 2. 27, 1-33; 1900. 3. 21, 1-37.] This collection was described by Mr. Percival in the ‘Ibis’ for 1902 (pp. 581-599). It contained several rare species, such as Andersson’s Pırn (Machzrhamphus anderssoni, Dissodectes dickinsoni, ete.), besides the type of anew Roush-winged Swallow, Psalidoprocne pereivali, Grant (=P. orientalis, Reichenow ; cf. Reichenow, Vög. Africas, ii., p. 428, 1902). 260 birds and nests from Mombasa, Melindi, etc., Lake Naiwasha, Kikuyu, and other distriets in British East Africa. Presented. [1903. 8.1, 1-191; 1903. 9. 2, 1-69.] A Mr. Percival was the first to procure Macherhamphus anderssoni in British East Afıica, and he also discovered a new species of Oriole (‚Oriolus percivali) named after him by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant. Birds. 441 Pereival (A. Brayney) and Dodson (W.). 251 specimens from South Arabia. Purchased. [1900. 8. 5, 1-243 1901. 11. 8, 1-8.] 3 birds from Southern Arabia, including the type of Rhyncostruthus percivali. Presented. [1901. 12. 16, 1-3.] The collection made by the Pereival-Dodson expedition was of very great interest, and contained the types of three new species, Telephonus percevali, Ammomanes saturatus, and (Kdienemus dodsoni (cf. Grant, Nov. Zool., vii., pp. 243-273, 591, p. x., 1900). Perkins (R. C. L.). See RoYAL SocIETY and BRITISH AssocIATıon. Persian Boundary Commission. See BLANFORD, W.T. Perks (Dr. R. H.). 197 birds from South Australia. Purchased. [98. 5. 17, 1-197.] Perth (W. A.). See WEST AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM. Petherick (Consul J.). 10 specimens from Khartum. Purchased. [62. 6. 21, 5-14.] A specimen of Balsniceps rex from the Upper White Nile. Purchased. [63. 12. 17, 1.] Consul Petherick was Resident at Khartum for some years, and created quite a sensation in England by sending living specimens of the Balzniceps to the Zoological Gardens. Petit (Louis). 56 birds from Landana, Lower Congo. Purchased. [89. 3. 26, 1-59.] M. Petit pere was a dealer in Paris, and his son Louis collected first in Senegambia and afterwards on the Lower Congo with Dr. Lucan. Their collections were sent to M. A. Bouvier, who asked me to write an account of them [“ Etudes d’Ornithologie Africaine, par R. Bowdler Sharpe et A. Bouvier. Catalogue d’une Collection recueillie & Landana et Chiu- chonxo (Congo) par M. Louis Petit, pendant les mois de janvier, f&vrier, mars et avril, 1876,” Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1876, pp. 36-53, 301-314, pl. ii.; 1877, pp. 470-481; 1878, pp. 73-80]. Psalidoprocne petiti was described as new and figured in the first paper, and the second paper, appearing in the same volume of the “Bulletin” (pp. 300-314), was entitled “Sur les Collections recueillies dans la Region du Congo par MM. le Dr. A. Lucan et L. Petit depuis le mois de mai jusqu’en septembre.” Bradypterus rufescens was described as new (p. 307) and Nigrita lucani (= N. luteifrons, 2). The Congo collections were brought over to London by M. Bouvier and named by me, on the understanding that the British Museum should be allowed to purchase all specimens required. Unfortunately M. Bouvier did not keep to his part of the bargain, and on returning to Paris he pub- lished my descriptions of some of the new species under his own name (Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1876, pp. 228, 229). 449 Zoology. This publication was a matter of small concern to me, but he faile” to send back all the types, as he had promised, and consequently I do not know to this day what became of the original specimens of (Oisticola landanz, etc. Petrie (Professor W. M. FLinDers). Bones of a Crane from Esypt. Presented. Professor Flinders Petrie has also collected a large series of mummies of Mammals and Birds in Egypt. Philbrick (His Honour Judge F. A.), K.C. 109 eggs from Gippsland. Presented. [93. 2. 2, 1-109.] These eggs were collected by Judge Philbrick’s son, and were a valuable addıtion to our Museum. Cf. “ Who's Who,” 1904, p. 1207. Phillips (E. Lorr). 6 specimens of birds from Somali Land. Presented. [89. 3. 20, 1-6.] Included a specimen of Sawicola phillipsi, new to the collection. 79 birds from Somaliland. Purchased. [95. 7. 12, 1-79.] Thirteen species were new to the collection, and the following 9 types of new species: Trachyphonus shelleyi, Upupa somaliensis, Coracias lorti, Dryoscopus ruficeps, Telephonus jamesi, Argya aylmeri, Parus thruppi, Saxicola phillipsi, Spreo shelleyi. Most of these species were described by Captain Shelley in his paper “On Mr. E. Lort Phillips’s Collection of Birds from Somali-Land,” ‘ Ibis,’ 1885, pp. 389-418, pls. x.-xii. 257 birds and eggs from Somaliland. Purchased. [98. 7. 27, 1-257.] Included many rare birds, and types of the following new species: Corvus edithe, Poliospiza pallidior, Rhyncostruthus louise, Pseudalemon Freemantlei, Merula ludovieiz, Tricholema blandi, Francolinus lorti. The eggs of the new Ouzel (M. ludoviciz) were also in the collection. 20 birds in spirits, from Somali Land. [1900. 10. 5, 1-20.] Mr. Lort Phillips was one of the earlier explorers in Somali Land, having accompanied the late Mr. F. L. James in his celebrated expedition (see James, ‘“Horm of Africa”) The party consisted of. Messrs. James Aylmer, Thrupp, and E. Lort Phillips (Of. “A Journey through the Somali Country to the Webbe Shebeyli,” P. R. Geogr. Soc., 1885, pp- 625-646), and the names of all of these explorers were associated by Captain Shelley with the new species obtained on the expedition. Mr. Lort Phillips has since made three visits to Somali Land, the results of which have been published by himself in the ‘Ibis’ (1896, pp. 62-87, pl. il.; 1897, pp. 448-449; 1898, pp. 382-425, pls. vii.-x.; 1899, pp- 303-5 ; 1900, p. 369). A hybrid Pintail and Wigeon from Loch Swilley, Donegal. Presented. 1905.17] Pickard-Cambridge (F. O.) and Austen (E.). 20 specimens from the River Amazon. Presented. [96. 5. 12, 1-20.] Pierre (A.). 308 birds from Cochin China. Presented. [78. 6. 19, 1-308]. Birds. 443 Mons. A. Pierre, who was a hish Government official in the French eolony in Cochin China, presented a large collection of birds to the Paris Museum. The duplicates he very generously gave to the British Museum, where they have proved of great service. Among them were such rare species as Polyplectrum germaini, and Porphyrio edwardsi, previously unrepresented in the British Museum. Pike (A.). 29 birds from Eastern Turkestan. Presented. [98. 7. 23, 1-29.] Pike (H. J.), and Pike (T. M.) and Popham (H.L.). 69 specimenus of Geese, Ducks and Wading Birds from Walcheren, Holland. [95. 2. 6, 1-14; 96. 2. 20, 1-12; 97. 2. 24, 1-21; 1900.1. 15, 1-5; 1902. 12. 14, 1-4; 1902. 12. 27, 1-4; 1903. 1. 15, 1-7.] The Museum is exceedingly indebted to the above-named gentlemen for a fine series of European Anseres, of which we previously possessed but a scanty collection. Pinwill (Captain STACKHOUSE). 1532 specimens from the N.W. Himalayas, the Indian Peninsula, and Malacca. Presented. [76. 1.15, 1-26; 76. 2. 12, 1-980; 76. 2. 28, 1-54; 76. 3. 7, 1-137 ; 76. 10. 20, 1-75; 81. 7. 30, 1-260.] The Museum is under a debt of gratitude to Capt. Stackhouse Pinwill, who gave a fine collection of Indian birds for the furtherance of the “Catalogue of Birds,” at a time when the series of specimens in the Museum, before the presentation of the great Hume Collection, was poor indeed. The first specimen of the rare Bat-hunting Pern (Macherhamphus alcinus) we owe to Oapt. Pinwill, as also the types of Pomatorhinus pinwilli, in addition to many other rare species of Indian birds, such as Acanthoptila nipalensis, from the North-West frontier of Nepal, and others. “ Plumper,” H.M.S. ‚See LYALL, DR. Ponta Delgada Museum, Azores (Major Cuavzs, Director). 45 birds from the Azores. Presented. [1904. 6. 21, 1-3; 1905.1. 26, 1-39; 1905. 6. 6, 1.] Popham (H. LeyYBournxe). ‚See Pıkz, T. M. Pratt (A. E.). See LEACH ; ÖLDFIELD THOMAS; SEEBOHM. Mr. Pratt is chiefly known as an entomologist, but he has collected many interesting species of birds and their ezgs. In the “Catalogue of Eggs ” are recorded those uf rare Thibetan species, mostly from Ta-tsien-lu, obtained by Mr. Pratt, and bequeathed to the Trustees by the late Mr. Henry Seebohm. Pretyman (Capt. E. J.). A Grey Phalarope (Orymophilus fulicarius) from Ipswich. [1900, 93.1. Of. “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 1238. 444 Zoology. Pretyman (W.). $ birds from the Lawas River, N.W. Borneo. [83. 10. 1, 1-8.] Specimens of Lobiophasis bulweri and the Bornean Peregrine Falcon (Falco ernesti) were included in this donation. Prichard (HeskErn). 15 birds from Santa Cruz, Patagonia. Presented. [1903. 4. 6, 1-13. Princeton University, New Jersey, U.S.A. 975 nests and eggs of North American birds. Received in exchange. [1900. 6. 25, 1-568; 1903. 1. 30, 1-407.] A most valuable collection, chiefly made by Mr. W. E. D. Scott [q.v.]. Pryer (Harry). See SEEBOHM, H. Mr. Pryer spent some years in Japan, and also visited the Bonin and lLiu Kiu groups of islands. His collection was afterwards purchased by Mr. Henry Seebohm, and formed the basis of the latter’s work, “ Birds of the Japanese Empire” (roy. 8vo, London, 1890, pp. i.-xxiv., 386). Amongst other interesting discoveries made by Pryer was a new species of Megalurus from the neighbvurhood of Yokohama, which Seebohm named Megalurus pryeri (“ Ibis,’ 1884, p. 40). Pryer (W.B.). See Janson, E. W. Brother of the above. A collection made by him in the province of Sandakan in N. E. Borneo was described by me in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological Society for 1881, pp. 790-800. Purdie (J.). See Kew, Director of Royal Botanic Gardens. Queensland Museum (C. W. De Vıs, Director). 2 rare birds (Macgregoria pulchra and Daphenositta miranda) from British New Guinea. Presented. [97. 8.16, 1; 98. 10. 10, 3.] Quelch (J. J.). See McConNELL, F. V. Mr. Quelch was for some time an assistant in the Zoological Depart- ment of the Museum, and afterwards Director of the Museum at George Town, Demerara.. He has made some excellent collections in British Guiana, and done much to increase our knowledge of the Avifauna. He accompanied Mr. McÜonnell on his celebrated expedition to Roraima. Radcliffe (Capt. C. C.). 28 birds from Alaska. Presented. [1904. 9. 12, 1-28.] Radcliffe. See Col. DELME-RADCLIFFE. Rae (Dr. Joun). 139 birds and eggs from Hudson’s Bay Territory, chiefly from Repulse 1024 Presented. [48. 3. 13, 26-137; 48. 4. 14, 1-23; 53. 1. 6, 100- 104. l'or Dr. Rae’s record as a traveller and collector cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xlvii., p. 151. Birds. 445 Ramage (G. A.). See RoYAL SOCIETY. Ramsay (Dr. E. P.). A skin and skull of the Tooth-billed Bower-bird (‚Scenopzus denti- rostris), new to the collection. Presented. [83. 11. 16, 1, 2.] 19 specimens from the Solomon Islands. Presented. [95. 12. 24, 1-19.] In exchange for specimens from the British Museum, Dr. Ramsay presented several rare birds from the Solomon Islands, amongst them the types (or co-types) of Rhipidura rubrofrontata, Pachycephala collaris aud Aplonis feadensis. While Director of the Australian Museum at Sydney, Dr. Ramsay raised the status of that Museum to the first rank among the natural history institutions in the Southern Hemisphere. He assısted me always, but especiallv when I was writing my first book, the “ Monograph of the Kingfishers,”” when I exchanged my collection of British birds’ eggs with him for specimens of Australian Kingfishers, which were of great service to me at the time. Ramsay (Colonel R. G. WARDLAW). 105 birds from Sumatra (©. Bock), Karen Hills, Burma, and other parts of the Indian Empire. Presented. [80. 4. 21, 1-12; 80. 10.19, 1-54 ; 81. 7. 29, 1-17; 83. 2. 6, 1-13: 83. 11. 6, 1-7.] These were duplicates from his collection, and among them were a number of species unrepresented in the British Museum. Colonel Wardlaw Ramsay presented many rare specimens of birds which were much wanted for description in the “Catalogue of Birds,” and he lent me speeimens on all occasions. 20,186 specimens of Asiatic Birds. The Tweeddale Collection. On the death of his uncle, the 9th Marquess of Tweeddale, he received, as a bequest, the maznificent cellection of Asiatic birds formed by the Marquess, together with the unique Tweeldale library of scientific books. In the year 1887, Colonel Wardlaw Ramsay presented the whole of this great collection and library to the nation. 806 Aceipitres [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [87. 11.1, 1-806.} Contained types of Spülornis pallidus and Poliohierax insignis. Spizaetus philippensis new to the collection. 350 Striges ['T'weeddale coll»ction]. Presented. [87. 11. 11, 1-350.] Types of Scops everetti, Ninox spilocephala, N. odiosa, and Pseudoptyn& gurneyi. 1355 Corvide, Dierurid&, Oriolide, etc. [Tweeddale collection]. Pre- sented. [87. 11. 20, 1-1355.] Types of Corone pusilla, Manucodia comrii, Oriolus celebensis, O. palawanensis, O. assimilis, O. consobrinus, O. consanguineus, Dierurus mirabilis, Chibia palawanensis, 0. lemosticta, ©. sunatrana, Buchanga chapmani, B. mouhoti, B. wallacei. 207 Eurylemidez and Pittide [Tweeddale collection], including the type of Hydrornis soror. Presented. [87. 12. 1, 1-207.] 1404 Campophagide and Muscicapide [Tweeddale collection]. Pre- sented. [87. 12. 30, 1-1404.] Types of Edoliisoma alteruma, E. mindanense, Terpsiphone nicobarica, Cyanomyvas calestis, Abrornis chrysea, Piezorhynechus verticalis, Stoparola sordida, Siphia herioti, Niltara cucopraeta, Myiagra tannensis, and Gery- aone simplex. 446 Zoology. 971 Turdide and Sylviide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 2. 20, 1-971.] Types of @eoeichla layardi, @. andamanensis, and Merula masxima. Merula tempesti new to the collection. 877 Pycenonotide ['Tweeddale collection). Presented. [88. 4. 1, 1-877. De of Chloropsis chlorocephalus, Hemixus brunneiceps, HM. suma- tranus, Jole everetti, Oriniger palawanensis, O. sumatranus, Ü. aureus, Inus annectens, and Pyenonotus cinereifrons. Chloropsis lazulina was new to the collection. 1290 Timeliide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 4. 20, 1-1290.] Types of Myiophoneus castaneus, Copsychus niger, Lioptila saturata, Cittoeincla stricklundi, Suya erythropleura, Prinia inornata, P. rafflesi, Orthotomus nigriceps, Oisticola ruficapilla, C. grayi, C. albigularis, O. beavani, Latieilla cinerascens, Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps, P. mariz, Garrulax leucogaster, Actinodura ramsayi, Timelia jerdoni, Turdinus marmoratus, T. rufifrons, Drymocataphus fulvus, D. rubiginosus, Dasy- erotopha speciosa, Mixornis bornensis, Anuropsis cinereiceps, (orythocichla striata, Stachyridopsis assimilis, Aleippe magnirostris, and Brachypterya buxtoni. T'he following species were not previously represented in the col- lection : Myiophoneus melanurus, Rhopophilus pekinensis, Orthotomus ceinereiceps, Oisticola marginalis, Megalurus amboynensis, Dabax lanceo- latus, Trochalopterum austeni, T. formosum, Janthocinela mazxima, 1. artemisie, I. lunulata, Mixornis capitalis, Corythocichla brevicaudatus, Herpornis tyrannulus, and Mesia laurine. 769 specimens of Laniidz [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 5. 30, 1-769.] Types of Hyloterpe philippinensis, H. sulphureiventer, Sitta magna, and S. neglecta. The following species were new to the collection: Parus semilarvatus, Pachycephala jaequinoti, aud Dendrophila enochlamys. 873 Nectariniide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 7. 1, 1-873. Di types of the following species were included : Hthopyga sangwinei- pectus, Cinnyris osiris, Ö. aurora, Arachnothera flammifer, Anthothreptes griseigularis, Myzomela chloroptera, Zosterops everetti, Z. austeni, and Z. nigrorum. Ethopyga bella, Eudrepanis pulcherrima, E. duyvenbodi, Cinnyris sanghirensis, Hermotimia cordeliz, Arachnothera dilutior, Myzomela splendida, Zosterops vatensis, and Z. cineres were species not previously represented in the national collection. 861 Diczide and Motacillide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 7. 12, 1-861.] Types of Diczum eximium, D. santhopygium, D. everetti, D. modestum, Prionochilus guadricolor, P. olivaceus aud Anthus lugubris. Diczum sanghirense and D. dorsale were new to the collection. 140 Tunagrid® and 591 Fringilide (Tweeddale collection). Pre- sented. [88. 9. 1, 1--140; 89. 9. 12, 1-591.] Type of Passer assimilis. Emberiza chrysophrys was new to the collection. 1221 Sturnide, Eulabetide, Ploceide, and Alaudide ['Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 9. 20, 1-1221.] Types of Eulabes andamanensis, Calornis cerassirostris, Artamus Birds. 447 insignis, Munia brunneiceps, M, fumigata, Oxycerca everetti, Mirafra philippensis, and Alsmon jessei. The following species were new to the collection : Artamus pelewensis, Hyphantornis tenioptera, and Uroloncha jagori. 131 Tyrannide and Dendrocolaptid:e [| weeddale collection]. Pre- sented. [88. 9. 22, 1-84; 88. 9. 25, 1-47.] 196 Cypselide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 10. 1, 1-196]. Contained tke type of Ohztura pieina. 604 Caprimulgide, Upupide, and Coracidx. Presented. [88. 10. 3, 1-260; 88. 10. 6, 1-47; 88. 10. 12, 1-297.] 792 Alcedinide [T'weeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 10. 20, 1-792. of Alcedo rufigaster, Pelargopsis malaccensis, P. burmanica, P. floresiana, P. gigantea, (eyx dillwynni, OÖ. argentata aud Tanysiptera nigriceps. Ineluded in the above series is the whole of my private collection of Kingfishers, on which my “ Monograph of the Alcedinidz” was founded. This collection was purchased by the Marquess of 'Iweeddale on the completion of my book. 225 Bucerotide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [83. 10. 30, 1-225. is of Hydrocorax semigaleatus and Penelopides afınis. 1101 Picide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 11. 1, 1-1101.] Types of Geeinus erythropygius, Mulleripieus fuliginosus, Iyngipieus ramsıyi, I. fulvifasciatus, Tiga everetti, Ohrysocolaptes rufopunctatus, C. zanthocephalus, and Thriponax pectoralis. 122 Musophagidz, Trogonidz, and Galbulide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 11. 9, 1-5; 88. 11. 12, 1-108; 88. 11. 20, 1-9.] 426 Capitonide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 11. 25, 1-426.] Types of Megalema ramsayi, M. sykesi, and M. inornata. 845 (uculidze [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 12. 10, 1-845. Tvies of Hierococey& bocki, H. crassirostris, and Chrysocoeey& limborgi. f 671 Psittacide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [89. 1. 20, 1-671. Dies of Trichoglossus meyeri, Loriculus meyeri, L. tener, and Tanygnathus everetti. The following species were new to the collection: Aprosmictus tabuensis, A. buensis, A. taviunensis, Trichoglossus aureicinetus, T. Josephine, T. muschenbreki, T. rubiginosus, Geoffroyius mysolensis, aud M. jobiensis. 1005 Columbid& [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [89. 2. 10, 1-1005. En of Carpophaga griseicapilla, ©. pulchella, lanthoenas griseigu- laris, Macropygia browni, Leucotreron incognita, Phlogenas erythroptera, and ?. johanne ; and the !ollowing species were new to the collection : Carpophaga geevinkiana, Janthanas leopoldi, Ptilopus zanthorrhous, P. heinsheimi, P. muschenbroeki, P. geminus, P. richardsi, Chrysaena correi, Phabotreron brewirostris, and P. nigrorum. 585 Galliformes [Twecddale collection]. Presented. [89. 5. 13, 1-586. Tre of Turnix nigrescens and Megayodius dillwynni. Peloperdix rubrirostris was new to the collection. 448 Zoology. 374 Ralliformes [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [89. 11. 3, 1-374. 188 Lariformes ['Tweeddale collection], including the type of Sterna tibetana. Presented. [91. 5. 21, 1-188.] ns Charadriiformes [T'weeddale collection]. Presented. [91. 10.5, 1 723. 597 Ardeiformes and Anseriformes [Tweeddale collection], containing the type of Phenicopterus rubidus. Presented. [92. 4. 2, 1-597.] 26 specimens from Tillicoultry, N.B. Presented. [92. 11. 36, 1-13; 92. 12. 10, 1-13.] Colonel Wardlaw Ramsay was born on the 25th of January, 1852. Son of R. B. Wardlaw Ramsay, of Whitehill, Midlothian, and Tillicoultry, Clackmannanshire, and Lady Louisa Hay, daughter of George, 8th Marquess of Tweeddale. He was educated at Cheam and Harrow, and entered the army as ensign, by purchase, in the 67th (South Hants) Regiment in January, 1871. In 1872 he sailed for India with the resiment, and was transferred to a company going on duty to the Andaman Islands, just after the assassina- tion of Lord Mayo. The birds of these islands were then but little known, and he made a fine collection of them. The arrival of Mr. Davison at the same time, on behalf of Mr. A. OÖ. Hume, deprived him of the credit of many new species which he discovered, as Davison had all his time at his disposal. Colonel Wardlaw Ramsay records great kindness and assistance from General (afterwards Sir Donald) Stewart, the Chief Commissioner. The results of the expedition were published in the Ibis by Lord Walden. In May, 1873, he joined the headquarters at Rangoon, and in the following August he made a collecting expedition to Malacca. In December half of the regiment moved up to 'I’onghoo (then a frontier station) by boat, where he obtained leave to go by road for collecting purposes. At Tonghoo, from Dec-mber, 1873, to Mav, 1876, he was acting as Adjutant, but found time for working the country, and many specimens, previously known from Major Malcolm Lloyd’s collections, were sent to Lord Walden. In March, 1875, he accompanied the Political Expedition from Toughoo to Karennee, under Major Lloyd, who asked him to accompany the expedition and showed him much kindness. Several new species were discovered. In May, 1876, he quitted Burmah for Fort St. George, Madras. Some collections were made there and in the Nilshiri Hills. In December, 1879, he went to Afghanistan, aud made a small collection in the early part uf the war. He heard of the death of the Marqness of Tweeddale in December, 1879, when at Jhelum, and later on he received the news that his uncle’s collections and library had been bequeatiied to him. In 1881 he was promoted Captain, and exchanged to the 74th Hishlanders. In 1882 he was appointed Adjutant, Midlothian and Peebleshire Rifle Volunteers, He retired in 1883, on the death of his father, to take over the care of the family’s estates. Owing to pressure of affairs both public and private, he had no time for ornithological work, and therefore determined that others should have the use of his collections and library, with which intent he presented them to the British Museum. Ranfurly (Earl of). 233 birds from New Zealand and other adjacent islands. Presented. [1901. 10. 21,1-67; 1901.11. 10, 1; 1902. 2. 21, 1-58; 1903.5.15,1-4; 1903. 7. 17, 1-92; 1904. 8. 2, 1-11.] ee Birds. 449 11 Warblers from New Zealand. Presented. [1904. 8. 2, 1-11.] 4 specimens of Mergus australis. Presented. [1904. 8. 4, 1-4.] 41 birds from the Kermadec Islands, New Zealand, and Auckland Islands. Presented. [1905. 2. 2, 1-41.] When Governor of New Zealand, the Earl of Ranfurly sent to the Museum several collections of birds, among them being a new species of Cormorant (Phalacrocorax ranfurlyi, Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. B.O.C., xi., p- 66, 1901), from Bounty Island, and rare species, such as O’hasiempis dimidiata and Ptilopus raratongensis from Raratonga Island. “ Rattlesnake,” Voyage of H.M.S. See STANLEY, Capt. OWEN; MACGILLIVRAY, J. Ray (J.) 147 sterna of British birds. Presented. [46. 4. 7, 1-147.] I never have been able to find out who Mr. Ray was, but he gave a good series ot sterna to the Museum, as is shown in Gray’s “List of British Birds,” 1863, and in the “ Catalogue of Birds.” Rayner (T. M.). 46 birds from the Fiji Islands (“ Voy. 4.M.S. Herald”). Presented. [56. 8. 30, 1-46. ] Included the type of Pachycephala vitiensis. Dr. Rayner was apparently a medical officer on board the Herald, when John MacGillivray was naturalist [9.v.]. A subsequent, collection made by Rayner was presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. [59.1. 10, 1-41.] It contained the type of Aplonis cassini, Gray (i.e. Aplonis vitiensis, Layard; Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 131, 1890). Reed (E. C.). See GERRARD, E. Mr. Reed is a well-known Chilian naturalist, who made large collections in the province of Santiago. A series of his birds is in the Museum, from the Sclater and Salvin-Godman Üollections. Reeves (Jonn). 127 birds from India and China. [38. 8. 26, 1; 38. 10. 29, 1-13, 30-97 ; 46. 6. 13, 1-14; 51. 8. 27, 44-74.] Mr. John Reeves was Inspector of Tea at the Hon. East India Company’s establishment at Canton, and made careful study of the natural history and resources of China (see B. B. Woodward, Hist. Coll. “ Libraries,” p. 46). He gave many interesting specimens to the Museum, and the magnificent Pheasant, Syrmaticus reevesi, was named after him by Dr. J. E. Gray. Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xlvii., p. 416. Reeves (Joun Russe). Son of the above, for thirty years in the service of the Hon. East India Company at (anton (see Woodward, l.c.). Uf. also Sir John Richardson, Report Brit. Ass., 1845, p. 187. VOL, II: De 450 Zoology. Reichenow (Professor Dr. Anton). 5 Partridges (Perdix perdix) from Holstein and Brandenburg, Presented. [92. 12. 23, 1-5.] Professor Reichenow has been for some years the Curator of the Ornithological Collections in the Imperial Museum of Natural History at Berlin, where he succeeded the celebrated Professor Cabanis. In his young days he made an expedition to West Africa, visiting the Gold Coast and Camaroons, and forming most valuable collections of natural history objects. His interest in African ornitholvey remains unabated, and he has now probably written more essays on the Avifauna of the Ethiopian region than any living man. His life-work is now being focussed in a most complete manner in the “ Vögel Afrikas,” which he has just finished. A list of his papers and a summary of his ornithological work up to the year 1896 (now largely increased during the eight years which have since elapsed) was published by his friend Herman Schalow under the title “ Anton Reichenow: Ein Verzeichniss seiner bisherigen Arbeiten, 1869-1896.” 288 separate memoirs are chronicled, with the names of 38 new genera, and 342 new species described by Dr. Reichenow. Reid (C.). 14 birds from De Aar, Cape Colony, and Namaqualand. Presented. [1904. 6. 20, 1-14.] A son of Capt. Savile Reid. Reid (GEORGE). 33 birds from Lucknow. Presented. [89. 8. 8, 1-33.] Mr. Reid was the Honorary Curator of the Luckuow Museum for many years, and wrote a catalogue of the collection of birds in that instirution (“Catalogue of the Birds in the Provincial Museum, N.W.P. and Oudh, Lucknow, on the 1st of April, 1889,” Allahabad, 1890, 8vo, pp: iv., 358). He sent me a fine series of the Starlings from that locality, when I was writing the thirteenth volume of the “Catalogue of Birds,” most of them being Sturnus menzbieri. Reid (Capt. SavıLE G.). ‚See also GERRARD, E. 20 specimens from Canada, Bermuda and other localities. Presented. [82. 12. 20, 1-20.] Anthus butleri, Shelley (= A. chloris, Licht.), was new to the collection. 40 eggs of birds from Bermuda and North America. Presented. [1903. 2. 18, 1-40.] Capt. Reid has done some excellent ornithological work, in many quarters of the globe. Born in 1845, he was educated at tbe Royal Military Academy at Woolwich, and obtained his commission in the R:yal Engineers in 1865. With a great love for the study of all branches of natural history, but especially of birds, he commenced serious work at Gibraltar from 1870 to 1874. He was quartered in Bermuda in 1874 and 1875, and made a special study of the birds, and published a series of notes in the “Field” in 1875. These notes were afterwards re-printed in the “ Zoologist” in 1877, and again in Bulletin No. 25 of the U.S. National Museum, 1884. During the first Boer War, Capt. Reid was ordered to Natal, where, N N re re Birds. 451 in conjunction with Colonel H. W. Feilden and Colonel E. A. Butler, he made a good collection of birds and eges, an account of which, with excellent field-notes by all three uflicers, was published in the “ Zoologist ” for 1882. A visit to Teneriffe in the spring of 1887 resulted in the publication of some notes on the birds of that island (ef. Ibis, 1887, pp. 424-435 ; 1888, pp. 73-83). Capt. Savile Reid has also assisted in the preparation of the third and fourth volumes of the “ Catalogue of Birds’ Eggs in the British Museum,” since Mr. E. W. Oates, owing to ill-health, was compelled to relinquish the task. Reijkavik Museum, Iceland. 4 young Iceland Falcons. Presented. [1902. 4. 9, 1-2; 1902. Ba] Reiser (Dr. OTHMAR). 16 birds from Bosnia. Presented. [1902. 8. 10, 1-16.] Dr. Reiser is the well-known authority on the ornithology of the Balkans, and is Director of the Museum at Serajevo in Bosnia. His “Ornis Baleanica” and other kindred essays are the standard authority on the Avifauna of this portıon of Europe. He has also carried out a very successful expedition to Southern Brazil (ef. * Ibis,’ 1903, pp. 140, 141). Rendall (Dr. Percy). 23 birds, nests and eggs, from Bathurst, River Gambia. Presented. [92. 1. 9, 1-23.] Dr. Rendall has travelled in the Zambesi region, where he discovered a remarkable species of Weaver-Finch, which was named Serinus rendalli by Canon Tristram, and afterwards made the type of a new genus, Anomalospiza, by Captain Shelley (Bull. B.O.C., xii., p. 30, 1901). Reynolds (H.). 34 birds from Liberia. Purchased. [1905. 5. 28, 1-34.] Cf. Chubb, P.Z.S., 1905, pp. 205-210. Ricardo (Miss). 8 birds from Canada. Presented. [1900. 12. 30, 1-8.] Richards (Lieut.). ‚See TRISTRAM, Canon. Richardson (Sir JoHn). 13 specimens from Port Essington. Presented. [51. 3. 7, 1-13.] Poephila personata and Stictoptera amnulosa, two rare species of Weaver-Finches, were new to the collection. Was naturaliss to Sir John Franklin’s Polar Expedition in 1819, and till 1822 he was engaged in various explorations in Arctic America Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xlviii., p. 236. Rickard (J. C.). 21 speeimens from Port Elizabeth, S. Africa. Presented. [87. 1. 23, 1-21.] "Rickard was a correspondent of Layard’s, and oltained many in- teresting species of birds from East London aud Port Elizabeth. His name occurs frequently in my edition of Layard’s “Birds of Souıh 202 - ET 452 Zoology. Africa,” and in 1887 he presented some specimens to the Museum. A few of his skins are also in my collection of African birds, now in the Museum. Rickett (Cnarıes BoucHeEy). 56 birds and 61 eggs from Foochow, China. Presented. [94. 10. 27, 1-56; 94. 11. 26, 1-61.] In this collection were specimens of the Chinese Falconet (Miecro- hierax melanoleueus), Anthus infuscatus and Lanius fuscatus, new to the Museum. 254 birds from Fohkien Province. Presented. [98. 5. 11, 1-19; 98. 8.12,1; 99. 4. 1, 1-90; 99. 6. 3, 1-2; 1900. 10. 15, 1-55.] These collections contained a number of rare and interesting species, several of which were previously unrepresented in the Museum, viz., thopyga latouchei, Allotrius pallidus, etc. 1511 specimens {rom Foochow. Presented. [1900. 1. 18, 1-1106; 1900. 3. 10, 1-18; 1900. 3. 25, 1-99; 1900. 6. 28, 1-69; 1900. 12. 14, 4-19; 1901. 4. 9, 1-17.] In this large donation is represented a complete series of the birds collected by Mr. Rickett near Foochow, including the types of the new 'Troson (Harpactes yamakanensis) and the new Reed Warbler (Lusciniola melanorhyncha) (cf. Mr. Rickett’s papers). 20 nests and 652 eses from Foochow. Presented. [1901. 1. 10, 1-452 ; 1901. 1. 15, 1-200; 1901. 1. 27, 1-20.] 128 birds from Penang. Presented. [1901. 5. 1, 1-128.] 450 birds from Foochow. Presented. [1902. 8. 5, 1-450.] 36 birds and 102 eggs from Chinkiang. Presented. [1902. 11. 13, 1-138.] cr birds from Feochow. Presented. [1903. 7. 3, 1-989; 1904. 6.2, 1: 154 eggs from South China. Presented. [1904. 12. 11, 1-154.] 1000 birds from Southern China. Presented. [1905. 12. 24, 1-1000.] Mr. Rickett, who was born in 1851, joined the eastern staff of the Hongkong and Shanghai Bauking Corporation in January, 1871. He remained on the staff of the Bank till his retirement in April, 1904, and was stationed at various times in Japan, India, Java, the Straits Settlements and China. Being always fond of ornithology from his youth, he first made a collection of Singapore birds which was destroyed by moth and damp. He ıhen collected a few skins in Penang, but did not begin serious work till 1889, when he was ordered to Foochow. In conjunction with Mr. F. W. Styan and Mr. J. D. La Touche, Mr. Rickett has written some excellent memoirs on Chinese ornithology, as follows :— RıckEtT, ©. B—On some Birds collected in the vieinity of Foochow. “ Ibis,” 1894, pp. 213-226. —— Notice of Errors in his paper on Foochow Birds. Ibis, 1895, p- 168. —— Description of Harpaetes yamakanensis. Ibis, 1899, p. 444. —— Additional Notes on the Birds of Fohkien. Ibis, 1900, p. 52. —— Deseription of Scops latouchei. Ibis, 1900, p. 535. —— Additional Field Notes on the Birds of Folıkien. Ibis, 1903, pp. 215-222. Rickert (C. B.) and LA Touchte (J. D.).— Additional Observations on the Birds of the Province of Fohkien. Ibis, 1896, p. 489. u ee RL ein Ze _ Birds. 453 —— Additional Observations on the Birds of the Province of Fohkien. Ibis, 1897, 600-610. —— Description of some apparently new Birds from China. Ibis, 1897, p. 451. GRANT, W. R. O.— Description of new Birds obtained from Fehkien. Ibis, 1598, p. 297. —— Further Observations on the Birds of the Province of Fohkien, China. Ibis, 1898, p. 328. SLATER (H. H.).—On a Further Collection of Birds, made by Messrs. I ns and Rickett, from N. W. Fohkien. Ibis, 1897, pp. 169- 176, pl. iv. Rickett (C. B.) and La Touche (J. D.). 144 birds from Fohkien. Presented. [97. 12. 8, 1-47; 98. 1. 28, 1-97.] In this collection were the types of several new species, Oryptolopha ricketti, O. sinensis, Fulvetta guttaticollis, Suthora davidiana, Üettia russula, Lepocestes sinensis, Gecinulus viridanus. Ridley (H.N.). See RoYAL SOCIETY. Mr. Ridley was for some years an assistant in the Botanical Depart- ment of this Museum. In 1887 he made au expedition to the island of Fernando Noronha, where he discovered two new species of birds, Klainea ridleyana, Sharpe, and Vireo gracilirostris, Sharpe. He is now Director of the Botanic Gardens in the Straits Settlements. Ringer (F.). 254 specimens from Nagasaki. Presented. [84. 1. 16, 1-254.] The above collection consisted of the duplicates which Mr. Seebohm did not require from Mr. Ringer’s series: it added one species, Remiza consobrina, to the Museum. 'T'he Seebohm Bequest contains a full series of Nagasaki birds from Mr. Ringer. Riocour (Comte de). See BoUCARD, A. The Comte de Riocour possessed one of the most famous private collections of birds in the world. Vieillot described many types from it, and some new species, such as the Swallow-tailed Kite of Africa (Nauelerus riocouri) were named after the old Count. T'he present Comte de Riocour was not a naturalist, and the colleetion was disposed of to Mr. Boucard, who made the first offer of it to the British Museum. In Mr. Boucard’s company, I made a journey to the Chäteau de Riocour, near Vitry, and selected all the Vieillotian types I could find, and the Museum also obtained a specimen of the extinct starling of Mauritius (Fregilupus varius). 'he collection consisted entirely of mounted birds, and occupied a large room in the chäteau, being arranged in glass cases, the birds all being perched on white stands, and the windows rigidly darkened with green venetian blinds. It is due to the care with which tlıe light had been excluded that this old collection had remained in such excellent preservation. Besides the MS. labels of the old Comte de Riocour, I found from the writing on several of the stands that, in addition to Vieillot, Prince Bonaparte and Jules Verreaux must have visited the collection and determined some of the species. In addition to the Fregilupus, the collection also contained a fine speeimen of the Great Auk (Plautus impennis). 454 Zoology. Rippon (Colonel G.). 1058 speeimens from the Southern Shan States. Presented. [96. 12. 28, 3, 4; 97.1. 4, 1-22; 1900. 12. 20, 1-953 ; 1901. 10. 6, 148.] Uontained the types of the following new species, Trochalopterum ripponi, Scheniparus intermedius, Drymocataphus einnamomeus, Stachy- ridopsis sulphurea, Alcippe fratereula, Yuhina ampelina. 6 specimens from the Kauri-Kachin Hills. Presented. [1901.7. 8, 1-6.] Ineluded the types of Dryonustes caurensis and Trochalopterum sharpei. 1170 birds from Mount Victoria. Presented. [1905. 9. 10, 1-1170.] T'he collection contained the following new species ——4egithaliseus sharpei, Lophophanes pecilopsis, Suthora ripponi, Janthocinela vietorie, Trochalopterum holerythrops, Stachyris binghami, Ixops poliotis, Sitta victoriz, Certhia vietoriz, Urocichla oatesi, Babax vietorie, Hthopyga victoriz, Pyrrhula victorie. 582 specimens {rom Western Yun-nan. Presented. [1903. 8. 8, 1-582.] Includes several speries new to the collection, and among them the types of Suthora styani, Yuhina yanofuensis, Abrornis ripponi, Certhia yun- namensis, Emberiza yunnanensis, Propasser ripponi, and Anorthura talifuensis. 277 birds from the Kauri Kachin distriet of Burma. Presented. [1905. 8. 16, 1-277.] Rırron (Colonel G.).—Notes on some birds obtained at Kalaw, in the Soutliern Shan States. Ibis, 1596, pp. 357-362. —— On the Birds of the Southern Shan States, Burma. Ibis, 1901, pp. 525-561, pl. xi. —— Onnew species of Birds from the Southern Shan States. Bull. Brit. Orn. Ulub, xi., pp. 11, 12 (1901). —— On new species from the Kauri-Kachin Tract. Op. eit., xii., p. 13 (1902). —— On new species from Yunnan. Op. eit., xiii., pp. 54, 60 (1903). —— Ona new species ot lit from Western Yunnan. Op. eit., xiv., p. 18. —— On new species of Birds from the Southern Chin Hills. t£.c., p. 83. Colonel Rippon has added greatly to our knowledge of the mountain fauna of Burma and the adjacent countries, and has spent all his spare time for several years past in explorations in the Shan States, the Chin Hills, and has even penetrated into Western Yun-nau. In cunsequence, our knowledge of the avifauna of these regions has been greatly increased, and a large number of new species, some of them being of exceptional beauty aud interest, has been added to the collection of the British Museum, to which Colonel Rippon has been a mıost generous donor, Rishton (J. E. W.). 12 specimens of Australian birds. Presented. [69. 11. 16, 1-12.] Robert (A.). 21 skeletons of birds from Säo Paulo, Brazil. Purchased. [1902.3.15, 1-21.] 275 birds from Pernambuco. Purchased. [1903. 12. 16, 1-275.] Roberts (C. C.). 30 nests and eggs from Johannesburg. Presented. [1904. 11. 26, 1-30.] vi = Birds. 455 Robillard (M.). 7 specimens from the Forest of Ancaya, Madagascar. Purchased. [83. 6. 3, 1-9.] The first examples of Mesites variegata and T’ylas fulviventris were here acquired by the Museum. Robinson (H. C.). 149 specimens from the Bellenden Ker range in Queensland and the Cape York Peninsula. Presented. [97. 4. 21, 1-7; 1900. 4. 26, 1-85; 1901. 3. 20, 1-107.] 13 skeletons of birds from the Malay Peninsula.. Presented. [1903. 1. 7, 1-13.] A specimen of Turdinulus humei, from Salangore. Presented. [1905. 1. 21, 1.] 3 birds from Pahang, including one type and one species new to the collection. Presented. [1905. 4. 4, 1-3.] 13 skeletons. Presented. [1903. 1. 7, I-13.] 498 birds from the mountains of the Malay Peninsula, collected by himself and Mr. N. Annandale. Presented. [1905. 2. 1, 1-498.] Mr. Robinson is a young naturalist who made a successful expedition to Queensland, and, on his return, worked in the Liverpool Museum, under the Director, Dr. H. O. Forbes; some excellent papers on birds in that great institution were published conjointly with the latter in the “ Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums.” He afterwards visited the Malay Penivsula with Mr. N. Annandale, when the two explorers made a large collection of birds in Perak. (Cf. Fasciculi Malayeuses, Zool., part iii., 1905.) Mr. Robinson is now Director of the State Museum ot Salangore. Robson (T.). See STEVENS, S., and SHARPE, R. BOWDLER. 4 birds from Turkey, including the types of Orites tephronotus. Presented. [1865. 3. 31, 1-2; 1865. 4. 25, 1-2.] Mr. Robson was a well-known colleetor in Turkey, chiefly in the neighbourhood of Constantinople and the opposite coast of Asia Minor. He contributed many excellent notes to the early parts of the “ Birds of Europe,” and was the discoverer of the Long-tailed Tit, Hgithalus tephronotus (Günther), ‘ Ibis,’ 1865, pp. 95-98, pl. iv. Romilly (.Dr.). 75 birds from the Horse-shoe Range in the Astrolabe Mountains. Presented by the Commissioners of Queensland. [87. 2. 6, 1-75.] This collection was exhibited at the Colonial Exhibition at South Kensington, and was afterwards presented 10 the British Museum by the Queensland Commissioners. It contained many rare species of birds new to the Museum collection, among them being the female of Paradisornis rudolphi and other Birds of Paradise. Rosbach (A.). 21 esgs from the Smolen Islands, N.Norway. Purchased. [98. 6. 20, 1-21.] Mr. Rosbach was an excellent observer, whom I met on my first expedition to the Smolen Isles. He had lived there for thirty years, and was thoroushly well acquainted with the birds of that Archipelago and their habits. T'he Museum purchased from him eggs of the Turnstone (Arenaria interpres), the Sheld-Duck (Tadorna tadorna), Teal (Nettium crecca), and the Hooded Crow (Corone cornix). 456 Zoology. Rose (H. F.). 3 birds from Nairn-shire. Presented. [88.2.29, 1-8; 88.3.7, 1-5.] Specimens of the Common Wren (Anorthura troglodytes), and several species of Tits. Rosenberg (W.F.H.). 90 birds from Guayaquıl and Puna Island, collected by the late Perry O. Simons. Purchased. [99. 4. 30, 1-90.] 22 birds from N. Ecuador, chiely from Paramba. Purchased. [99. 11. 1, 1-22.] 411 specimens from Ecuador and Peru, eollected by Mr. Perry OÖ. Simons. Purchased. [1900. 10. 2, 1-100; 1900. 12. 2, 1-100; 1901. 4. 25, 1-100; 1901. 10. 14, 1-11; 1901. 10. 30, 1-100.] Contained the types of new species, Buarremon simonsi, B. pallidi- ceps, and Conirostrum dilutum, Orypturus berlepschi, etc., and many other species new to the Museum. The remainder of the Simons collection, 2300 specimens. Purchased. [1902. 3. 13, 2300.] 71 specimens from Ecuador and Colombia. Purchased. [1902. 5.5, 1-71. 13 birds from Bosos Land, N.E. Africa, collected by Mr. Schrader. Purchased. [1902. 12. 9, 1-19.] 420 birds from the Chupat Valley, Patagonia, collected by J. Koss- lowsky. Purchased. [1903. 12. 8, 1-420.] 19 birds collected in the Tukan Besi Islands, Moluccas. Collected by Mr. H. Kühn. [1903. 12. 9. 1-19.] 48 birds from Venezuela collected by Messrs. Andre and Boddington. Purchased. [1903. 12. 12, 1-48.] 24 birds from the Moluccas, 14 new to the collection. Collected by H. Kühn. [1904. 6. 10, 1-24.] 59 birds from South Western Islands, H. Kühn. Purchased, [1904. 7. 21, 1-59.] 8 birds from British Columbia. Purchased. [1905. 1. 29, 1-8.] 61 birds from Efulen and River Ja, Camaroons. Collected by G.L. Bates. Purchased. [19u5. 7. 30, 1-61.] { Mr. Rosenberg’s first expedition was to Colombia in 1894, where he remaiued about a year, exploring the western side of the Cauca Valley. As he paid more attention to entomoloey, his first collection was some- what small. It was acquired by Mr. Boucard, who described two new species of Humming-birds, Polyerata rosenbergi and Glaueis columbiana. A new species of Nishtjar was described as Caprimulgus rosenbergi by Dr. Hartert (Bull. B.0.C., v., p. 10, 1895). In 1896 Mr. Rosenberg proceeded to N.W. Ecuador, and made a somewhat extensive collestion of birds, the whole of which (with the exception of a few of the Trochilide) is in Mr. Rotlschild’s museum at Tring. The fullowing species were new to science :—— Nemosia rosenbergi, Rothsch. (Bull. B.O0.C., vii, p. 6, 1897); Buthraupis rothschildi, Berlepsch (Bull. B.0.C., vii., p. 3, 1897); Odontophorus parambe, Rothsch. (Bull. B.0.C., vii., p. 6, 1897); Orypturus berlepschi, Rothsch. (t.e., p. 5, 1897); Automolus nigricauda, Hartert (£.c., p. 30, 1898); Cercomacra rosenbergi, Hartert (Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 29, 1898); Polioptila schistaceigula, Hartert (Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 30, 1898); Thamnophilus cachabiensis, Hartert (Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 29, 1898); Cercomacra berlepschi, Hartert (Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 29, 1898). Mr. Rosenberg also obtained specimens of the three new Colombian Birds. 457 species mentioned above, as well as examples of Pionopsittacus pulcher and Turdus dagux, Berlepsch, which had been described from Western Colombia subsequently to his visit to that country. During this second expedition Mr. Rosenberg met with several species previously unrecorded from Ecuador, and thereby established the close afüinity of the Avifauna of N.W. Ecuador with that of Colombia. On his departure from Ecuador, Mr. Rosenberg arranged for further eollections to be sent from that country by two of his friends, Mr. G. Flemming and Mr. R. Miketta, from whom he has received several consignuments coutaining species of very great interest. Among them were the following, which were new to science :——Neocrew uniformis, Hartert (Nov. Zool., viii., p. 369, 1901); Automolus pallidigularis albidior, Hartert (£.c., p. 369); Sclerurus mexicanus obscurior (id., Nov. Zool., ix., p. 370, 1901); Pittasoma rufopileatum, Hartert (Nov. Zool., viii., 370, 1901); Euphonia fulvierissa purpurascens, Hartert (t.c., p. 370) ; Dacnis berlepschi, kKothsch. and Hartert (Bull. B.0.C., xi., pp. 44, 70, 1901); Grallaria parambz, Rothsch. (Bull. B.O.C., xi., p. 36, 1900). Many duplicates from the above-mentioned collections have passed into the collection of the British Museum, including specimens of some of the new species, but the complete set is to be found in the Tring Museum. Ross (BernarD R.). ‚See also MURRAY, A. 139 specimens of birds, 39 eggs, and 16 nests collected during the exploration of the Mackenzie River. Presented. [63. 1. 28, 1-194.] Many specimens from Fort Simpson. This is still the only collection which the Museum possesses from Western Canada. Ross (Sir JoHN CLARK). See ADMIRALTY, LORDS OF THE. Voyages of H.M.SS. Enterprise and Investigator, Erebus and Terror. Rothery (H. C.). 32 specimens of birds from Cayenne. Presented. [45. 5. 1, 16-68.] (Cf. Dict. Nat. Biogr., xlv., p. 309.) Rothschild (Hon. L. WALTER), Ph.D., M.P. 3 specimens of Nyroca ferina from 'Tring Reservoir. Presented. [85. 4. 15, 1-3.] 13 specimens of birds, mostly new to the collection of the British Museum. Received in exchange. [95. 10. 17, 1-13.] This collection added many species of extreme value and rarity to the Museum collection, among them being examples of (Estrelata nigripennis, (E. gularis, Diomedea bulleri, D. immutabilis, Thalassogeron salvini, Pteridophora alberti, Bowdleria caudata, Miro dannefordi, Traversia Iyalli. 4 specimens of birds from Laysan and Rarotonga Islands. Received in exchange. [96. 1. 8, 1-4.] Three species new to the Museum collection (Aplonis cinerascens, Telespiza cantans, Himatione freethi). 8 specimens of Humming-Birds from Ecuador. Presented. [96. 2. 11, 1-8.] 97 Humming-Birds from Mexico, and from Ecuador. Presented. [96. 5. 3, 1-97.] 458 Zoology. This is a very remarkable series. Every specimen was mounted by Mr. ©. T. Baron, the well-known traveller-naturalist, on the spot, when the specimens were shot by him. With the exception of Mr. Rothschild’s private collection of Humming-Birds, mostly mounted by Mr. Baron in the field, no Museum possesses such a beautiful exhibition of Humming- Birds as the British Museum, augmented as it is by the prejarations desiuned to show the structure of this remarkable Order of birds, as prepared for public exhibition by the late Sir William Flower. 45 specimens of birds from the Marianne Islands. Received in exchange. [96. 7. 16, 1-45.] In this collection were many species new to the Museum (Zosterops conspieillata, Corvus kubaryi, Megapodius laperousei, Phlegenas pampusa, etc. 7 specimens from New Zealand and the neishbouring islands. Exchanged. [97. 11. 18, 1-7.] Eudyptes schlegeli, Phalucrocorax colensoi, P. nychthemerus, new to the Museum collection. 7 birds from New Guinea. Exchanged. [97. 12. 5, 1-7.] Specimens of rare species of Birds of Paradise new to the Museum collection, Astrapia splendidissima, Rothsch., Onemophilus macgregori, Paradisea intermedia, Macgregoria pulchra. 48 eogs, from the Salvage Islands, collected by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant. Presented. [1903. 8. 11, 1-48.] 316 birds from the Azores cullected by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant. Presented. [1904. 12. 31, 1-316.] Rothschild (Hon. N. CuArLes). 20 specimens from the Liu Kiu Islands. Presented. [1902. 9. 27, 1-20.] 45 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented. [1904. 12. 14, 1-43.] Rothschild (Hon. N. CuarLes) and Wollaston (Dr. A. F. R.). 66 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented. [1901. 10. 1. 1-66.] Several rare species added to the national collection, Bubo desertorum, Caprimulgus esimius, Passer rufidorsalis, etc. The series of the beautiful Goatsucker, ©. ewimius, was a donation of very great value, Routledge (ScorEsBY). A specimen of Jackson’s Francolin from Equatorial Africa. [1905. 1715917] Rowland Ward (Messrs.). 2 young Snowy Owls (Nyctea scandiaca). Presented. [1904. 4. 13, 198 Royal College of Surgeons. 155 specimens from various localities. Presented. [45. 2. 21, 262-396.] Royal Geographical Society. See SCHOMBURGK, Sir R.; NATIONAL ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. Royal Society. 66 birds, nests and eges, from Rodriguez Island, collected by the Rev. H. H. Selater during the Transit of Venus Expedition. Presented. [76. 3. 14, 1-66.] Specimens of Bebrornis rodericanus and Foudia flavicans, new to the Museum. Birds. 459 44 nests and ergs and skeletons of birds, from Rodriguez, collected by H. Gulliver. Presented. [76. 3. 15, 1-22. The collections made by the Rev, H. H. Slater and Mr. H. Gulliver during the Transit of Venus Expedition were described by me in 1879 [Phil. Trans., elxviii. (extra volume), pp. 101-162, pls. vi-vüi.]. 22 specimens of birds and 114 eegs from Kerguelen Island. Collected by the Rev. A. E. Eaton. [76. 4. 26, 1-22; 76. 6. 19, 1-114.] These specimens were collected by Mr. Eaton during the Transit of Venus Expedition. He discovered a new species of Duck, which I named after him Querguedula eatoni, since separated as a distinct genus, Dafilula, by the late Dr. Ellivt Coues. Owing to various circumstances, the collection made on the "'ransit of Venus Expedition was a very small one, and by no means to be compared with that made by Dr. Kidder and the American expedition (cf. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 2, pp. 1-47, 1875; no. 3, pp. 1-20, 1876). Mr. Eaton’s notes were, however, excellent, being the work of a first-class field-naturalist. The Challenger had visited Kerguelen but a short time before, and he believed that a complete series of the birds of the island had been obtained, and therefore preserved only a few specimens. By unearthing the collections of birds made by the old Antaretic Expedition from the buxes of skins in the British Museum, concerning which nothing had been published, I was able to compile a tolerably complete memoir on the birds of these Antarctie regions [cf. Phil. 'Trans., elxviii. (extra volume), pp. 101-162, pls. vi.-viii., 1879]. 30 specimens of birds from the Island of Fernando Noronha, collected by Mr. H.N. Ridley. Presented. [88. 6. 1, 1-50.] ''wo new species were obtained by Mr. Ridley, viz. Elainea ridleyana, Sharpe (P. Z. S., 1858, p. 107), and Vireo gracilirostris, Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., 20, p. 478, 1890. For Mr. Ridley’s own account of the expedition, see Journ. Linn. Soc., Botany, vol. xxvii., and “ Zoologist,” 1888, pp. 41-49. 81 specimens from the Island of Dominica, W.l., collected by Mr. G. A. Ramage. Presented. [88. 9. 21, 1-11; 88. 10. 4, 1-15; 89. 6. 10, 1-58.] For a description of these collections, see Sclater, P. Z. S., 1889, pp. 326, 327. 50 specimens from Santa Lucia, collected by Mr. G. A. Ramage. Presented. [89. 8. 5, 1-50] (cf. Selater, P.Z.S., 1889, pp. 394, 395). 27 specimens from Antigua, colletted by Mr. G. A. Ramage. Presented. [93. 7. 9, 1-27] (ef. Selater, P.Z.S., 1892, pp. 498-500). 62 skeletons of birds from Madagascar, collected by Dr. Forsyth Major. [97. 5. 10, 1-62.] Royal Society and British Association. 256 specimens of birds from the Hawaian Archipelago. Presented. [95. 7. 20, 1-175; 97. 10. 28, 1-81.] This important collection was made by Mr. Perkins, who has written a ınost interesting account of the birds of the Hawaian Islands (cf. “ Ibis,” 1893, pp. 101-112, and “ Fauna Hawaiensis,” vol. i., 1903). In addition to the type-speceimen of the new species, Drepanorhamphus funereus, the following additions were made to the colleetion of the British Museum :—Heterorhynchus hanapepe, H. wilsoni, H. afinis, Hemignathus obscurus, H. procerus, Oreomyza mana, OÖ. montana, Loxops jlammea, Himatione maculata, H. newtoni, Ithodecanthis palmeri, Pseudonestor xınthophrys, Chloridops kona, Chlorodrepanis parva, 0. kalaana, O. chloris, C. chloridoides, O. wilsoni, Ohrysomitridops ceruleirostris, Phaornis lanaiensis, Acrulocercus bishopi, A. mobilis, 460 Zoology. Palmeria dolei, Viridonia sagittirostris, Loxops aurea, L. ochracea, Corvus tropieus, Chaseimpis gayi. 221 birds, nests, eggs, and skeletons from the Islands of Socotra and Abd-el-Kuri, collected by Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant and Dr. H. O. Forbes. Presented. [99. 4. 5, 1-51; 99. 8. 11, 1-170.] The first set of specimens from this celebrated expedition was presented to the British Museum. The types of the fullowing new species were included :—Scops socotranus, Phalocrocorax atrigularis, Caprimulgus jonesi, Fringillaria socotrana, F. insularis, Passer hemi- leucus, Motacılla forwoodi (cf. “The Natural History of Sokotra and Abd-el-Kuri,” by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant and H. O. Forbes, LL.D., Aves, pp. 19-72, pls. iii.-vii.). Royal Society, and the Universities of Edinburgh and Liverpool. 498 birds, nests, and eggs from the Malay Peninsula, colleeted by W.C. Robinson and N. Annandale. Presented. [1905. 2. 1, 1-498.] Rudd (C. D.) 2952 birds, 29 eggs, 2 nests, collected by H. C. B. Grant in Cape Colony, Great Namaqua Land, Zulu Land, and E. Transvaal. [1903. 7. 20, 1-72; 1903. 10. 14, 1-385 ; 1905. 12. 29, 1-1952.] Rüppell (Dr. E.). 57 birds from Abyssinia and Shoa. Purchased. [43. 8. 15, 7-10, 12-13; 42. 8. 16, 1-36; 42. 4. 8, 1-6, 45. 6. 2, 6-15.] These were duplicates from Dr. Rüppell’s great expedition to Abyssinia, and the British Museum, with the oflicers of which the celebrated traveller was on very friendly terms, profited greatly by these acquisitions.. Many species, new to the collection, were added, the specimens being co-types and of the greatest value, among them being the following ——Buteo augur (Rüpp.), Schizorhis zonura, Rüpp., Centropus monachus, Küpp., Khinopomastus minor (küpp.), Sterna afinis, Cretz- schm. [= $. media (cf. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 86)], Zurtur lugens (Rüpp.), Pxocephalus meyeri (Rüpp.), P. flavifrons (Rüpy.), Lamprotornis rufiventris, Rüpp. [= Spreo pulcher (P.L.S., Müll.)] (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 191), Spreo superbus (Rüpp.), Cinnamopterus tenuirostris (Rüpp.), Hirundo striolata (Rüpp.) [= H. puella, Temm.] (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 154), H. melanoerissa (Rüpp.), Serinus zanthopygius, Rüpp., Sazxicola isabellina, Uretzschm., Crateropus leucopygius (Rüpp.), Parus dorsatus, Rüpp. [= P. leuconotus, Gu£rin] (cf. Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 10). Russell (Lord Ono). 29 specimens of North American birds. Presented. [58.10.29, 1-29.] Lord Odo Russell was created Baron Ampthill in 1881. He obtained some interesting birds when attached to the Legation at Washington. Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xlix., p. 468. Sabine (Sir EpwArD). 5 birds from various localities. [84. 7. 21, 1-5.] Sir Edward Sabine gave many specimens from West Africa in the early part of the nineteenth century, but no register of the donations appears to have been kept. A Bush-Shrike (O’haunonotus sabinei) was named after him by J. E. Gray in the “ Zoological Miscellany,” i., p. 6. He is best known to English ornithologists by the Fork-tailed Gull (Xema sabinei), the type-specimen of which was presented to the Museum by his executors in 1884. Birds. 461 St. John (Sir OLIVER). See STEVENS, S.; BLANFORD, W.T. St. Petersburg Museum. 104 specimens from the Caucasus, Central Asia, and other parts of the Russian Empire. Exchanged. [87. 11. 2, 1-60; 93.8.1, 1-44.] Most of the valuable duplicates from the St. Petersburg Museum were exchanged with the late Mr. Henry Seebohm, and passed into the British Museum with tbe Seebohm Bequest. A certain number were, however, received by the Museum through direct exchange, and amongst other species, the followinz Game-birds were added to the collection, Caccabis magna, Phasianus talischensis, P. tarimensis and P. satschuenensis. St. Quintin (GEOFFREY A.). See also ÖGILVIE-GRANT, W.R. 11 specimens of Cormorants and Shags from Cromarty, N.B. Pre- sented. [98. 3. 4, 1-11.] Salangore State Museum (HergBerr C. Rogınson, Director). 13 birds from Salangore. Presented. [1904. 6. 18, 1-13.] Salle (Aususr). See also CumInG, H.; SCLATER, P. L. 28 specimens from San Domingo. Purchased. [51. 11. 14, 1-28.] 58 specimens from Southern Mexico. Purchased. [57.7. 30, 4-25; 58. 9. 27, 1-19; 58. 10.1, 1-11; 59. 6. 28, 15-21.] Salle’s early travels in Central America were principally for the purpose of making entomological collections, but his ornithological work was also important, and he discovered several interesting new species. He first went to San Domingo in 1349, and the collections were sent to Mr. Hush Cuming [g. v.] for disposal. They were described by Dr. Sclater (P.Z.S., 1857, p. 230), who also wrote memoirs on Salle’s Mexican collections (P.Z.S., 1856 |c/. Ibis, 1897, p. 147], pp. 283-311, pls. exx., exxi.; 1857, pp. 81, 82, 201-207, 226-230; 1858, pp. 95-99, 294-805). Salmon (T. K.). See GERRARD, E. Mr Salmon was an engineer who, owing to ill-health, left England in 1872 for Colombia, where he made an excellent collection of the birds of that country, and their eegs. The collection was described by Dr. Sclater and Mr. Salvin in the “ Proceedings ” of the Zoological Society for 1879 (pp. 486-550, pls. xli.-xliii.). "The new species were Oyphorhinus dichrous, Buarremon eleprorus, Automolus ignobilis, Grallaria rufo- cinerea and Brachygalba salmoni. Of. Obituary notice, Ibis, 1879, pp. 384 and 385. Salvin (ÖsgeErr), F.R.S. 189 birds and 7 eggs from Guatemala. Presented. [59. 2. 5, 1-7; 60. 11. 20, 1-48; 61. 7.16, 1-52; 65. 5. 19, 3-91.] 68 nests of North American birds. Presented. [66. 4. 26, 1-68.] 63 birds from Central America. Purchased. [68. 2. 17, 1-63.] 63 birds from Costa Rica. Purchased. [68. 6. 30, 1-63.] The two latter collections were duplicates from those sent to Mr. Salvin by his correspondents. Thronehout his life he was a very keen ornithologist, and when at a tutor’s at Finchley he began his collecting. Many specimens of birds and eggs obtained in the neighbourhood of 462 Zoology. Hampstead and Finchley are in the Salvin-Godman collection, many of them taken in places now given over to the builder. At Cambridge he became one of the founders of the British Ornithologists’ Union, with the two brothers Newton, Canon Tristram, P. L. Sclater, and F. Du Cane Godman. Here was started that brotberhood which has made tlıe British school of ornithology pre-eminent in the history of the science, and from these college days began that close companiouship and loving friendship which has had such a great influence on the progress of zoology—I mean, of course, the partnersbip of Mr. Salvin and Dr. Godman, which finally eulminated in the publication of the “ Biologia Centrali-Americana.” To myself Salvin was always the kindest of friends, and I owe much to his advice and guidance throughout my life. In addition to themany papers which he published, a list of the principal ones being given by Dr. Godman in his “ Introduction ” to the volumes of the “ Biologia,” he wrote for many years in conjunetion with Dr. P. L. Sclater, a complete list of these essays being given in the Memsir of the last- named Ornithologist published in 1896 by the U.S. National Museum (Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., No. 49). Salvin (O.) and Godman (F. D)). See GoDMAN, F. D. Sambon (Dr. Lust). 9 specimens of birds from the Campagna Romana. Presented. [1901. 1. 29, 1-9.] These were collected by Dr. Sambon during his stay in {he Campagna, when he was prosecuting his researches into the causes of malaria. Sandeman (FLEETWOoOonD). A young Peregrine from Surendal Valley, Norway. Presented. [1904. 10. 26, 1.] Saunders (Ernest). 16 birds from Norfolk Island. Purchased. [88. 10. 5, 1-16.] Ernest Saunders was an attendant for some time in the Zoological Department, and was the son of one of our most respected attendants in the Museum— John Saunders. T'he son afterwards went to Australia, and was ultimately in the employ of the Australian Museum at Sydney, taking part in expeditions to Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island (cf. E theridge, “The General Zoology of Lord Howe Island,” Mem. Austr. Mus. Sidney, i. ‚ Birds, pp. 1-48, 1889). Saunders (Howarp). 101 specimens from Southern Spain. Presented. [72. 11.4, 1-27; 74.4.9,1; 75.11. 22, 1-73.] 'hese included Mr. Saunders’ collection of Aceipitres, which he gave to the Museum in order to help me with my first two volumes of the “ÖGatalogue of Birds.” In tbis collection were the only authentic speeimens of Klanus czruleus aud Falco barbarus obtained in Southern Spaiv, as well as beautiful skins of Agwila adalberti, Gypaetus barbatus, and other rare species. 97 birds from various localities (Tangiers, Mogador, S. Spain, etc.) Presented. [74. 4. 2, 2-8; 79. 4. 19, 1-4; 82. 6. 3, 1- 26; 82. 12. 21, 1-60. en ergs of Gulls and Terns. Presented. [91. 4. 3, 1-255.] 496 specimens of Laride. Purchased. [94. 10. 58, 1 -496.] This was the private collection of Gulls and Terns, perhaps the finest Birds. 465 then in existence, which Mr. Saunders had gathered together for the purpose of writing a monograph of the Zaridze. When he undertook to describe these birds in the “Catalogue of Birds,” he parted with his great collection to the British Museum. 64 specimens from various parts of the world. Presented. [94. 12. 24, 1-15; 95. 10. 12, 1-12; 97. 11. 17, 1-37.] Mr. Howard Saunders has always been a staunch friend of the Museum. Of. “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 1355. Saunders (W. RADCLIFFE). 962 eggs, from Alaska, California, Australia, ete. Presented. [1902. 10. 15, 1-962.] 1266 eggs from Canada, the United States, Queensland, etc. Presented. [1902. 10. 25, 1-964; 1902. 10. 30, 1-302; 1903. 7. 30, 1-351.] A further large consignment of eggs, chiefly of Palearctic species, was presented in 1904. 9 birds from the Canary Islands, Japan, etc. Presented. [1905. 4. 11, 1-9.] Mr. Radcliffe Saunders possessed a very fine collection of eges from all parts of the world. In 1902 he proposed to restrict his collection to Palsarctic species, and he presented the whole of his series from the other regions of the world to the British Museum. He has recently given his entire Palearctıc collection also—the whole donation consisting of about 10,000 speceimens, vastly increasing the series of eggs in the Museum, and adding those of a large number of species previously unrepresented. Saunders (W. WıLson). 18 specimens of birds from various localities. Presented. [73. 5. 30, 1-18. a patron of science in his dıy. Though chiefly devotine his attention to other branches of natural history, he had a very good collection of birds, which I catalogued for him. At my request, he presented a few specimens which I coveted for the British Museum, among them the type-specimen of the pretty little Dwarf-owl, Glaueidium tephronotum, Sharpe, which still remains unique. No second specimen has yet been discovered, aud the habitat is still unknown. Schlüter (WILHELn). 65 egas of Cuculus canorus from Germany, with the esgs of the foster-parents. Purchased. [92. 7. 8, 1-8; 92. 7. 14, 1-86; 93. 8.12, 191] 30 birds from Germany. Purchased. [1901. 5. 3, 2-5; 1901. 7.3, 1-15; 1902. 3. 21, 1-11.] 16 birds from the Palsarctie region. Purchased. [1905. 1. 28, 1-16.] 6 birds from Europe. Purchased. [1905. 4. 25, 1-6.] Mr. Schlüter is the well-known natural-history agent of Halle a. $., and many specimens for mounting in the public gallery have been acquired from him. Schmitz (Padre ERNESTO). 20 specimens of birds and eggs from Madeira. Purchased. [95. 9.5, 1-10; 96. 2. 6, 1-6; 96. 7.1, 1-7.] 22 birds from Madeira. Purchased. [1904.7. 22, 1-22.] Padre Schmitz is Director of the Seminario at Funchal, and has forned a most interesting Museum of the Fauna of Madeira and the 464 Zoology. Desertas Islands. It is one of the best local Museums that I have ever seen, and the Padre is a most efüicient Director, training his pupils to collect, and to become good naturalists. Schneider (Gustav). 15 specimens from South-eastern New Guinea. Purchased. [86. 2. 26, 1-15.] T'hese were from the collection made by the late Carl Hunstein in the Horse-shoe Range of the Astrolabe Mountains. The following species were new to the Museum — Parotia lawesi, Lophorhina minor, Zölurzdus melanocephalus, Phonygama purpureiviolacea, Eos incondita, Psittacella madaraszi, Oharmosyna stelle, Ptilopus patruelis, and Melidectes emilüi. 6 specimens collected by Dr. Otto Finsch in New Ireland. Purchased. [37. 1. 26, 1-6.] Among these were the types of Donacicola hunsteini, Myzomela ramsayi, and Carpophaga subflavescens. Schomburgk (Sir R.). 50 birds from British Guiana. Presented by the Royal Geographical Society. [37. 2. 3, 179-228.] 145 birds from British Guiana. Presented. [37.7. 15, 1-66; 39. 12.1, 1; 40.7.3, 1-71; 44.7. 2,1; 44. 9. 4, 100-105.] 28 specimens from Barbados. Presented. [47. 8. 10, 1-28.] 5 specimens from Bermuda. [47. 10. 25, 1-5.] Sir Robert Schomburgk died in Berlin in March 1865. Of. Ibis, 1865, p. 240. Schrader (G.). ‚See ROSENBERG. Schultze (H.). 60 birds from the Caucasus. Purchased. [1902. 12. 7, 1-60.] The Caucasian Long-tailed Tit (Zgithalus caucasicus), was received for the first time. Other specimens have since been acquired with the Menzbier collection of Paride. Sclater (PnıLıp LutLey), D.Se., F.R.S. 8 specimens, from South America, including the types of Turdus ignobilis and Rallus semiplumbeus. Presented. [57. 11. 5, 1-3; 57.11. 18, 1-5.] 7 specimens from 8. Mexico, collected by A. Salle. Purchased. [63. 9. 5, 1-7.] 2 type-specimens of Sawicola spectabilis, Hartl., from Windvogelberg (ef. P.Z.S., 1865, pp. 428, 429, pl. xxüi.) (= Myrmecoeichla bifasciata, 'Temm.; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p. 355, 1881), collected by Capt. Bulger. Presented. [65. 10. 16, 1-2.] 10 specimens from Santiago, Chili, colleeted by Landbeck. Purchased. [67. 5. 16, 1-10.] An esg of the Spotted Bower-bird, Ohlamydodera maculata. Presented. [73. 6. 27, 5. 10 RER from Central and South America. Purchased. 133. 4. 20, 1-10.] 521 specimeus of American birds (Zirundinide and Mniotiltide. Purchased. [84. 5.15, 1-521.] Thirty-three species were added to the collection, including the types of Cotile fulvipennis (= Stelgidoptery& u Birds. 465 serripennis, Audub. ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 206), Polioptila boliviana, P. lactea, Leucopeza semperi, Geothlypis speciosa, Basileuterus roraime, B. mesochrysus, B. griseiceps, B. cinereicollis, B. fraseri, B. mesoleucus, B. semicervinus, B. uropygialis, B. leucopygius, Setophaga albifrons, Gramnatellus pelzelni. 210 specimens of American birds (Orebide). Purchased. [84. 7. 31, 1-210. a species, with the following 14 types, were added to the Museum :—Diglossa gloriosa, D. indigotica, Diglossopsis czerulescens, Oreomanes fraseri, Conirostrum fraseri, Daecnis carebicolor, D. pulcherrima, D. salmoni, Chlorophanes guatemalensis, O. purpurascens, Czreba carneipes (= C. eyanea, L-; cf. Selater, Cat. B., xi., p. 32), O©. lueida, Certhiola dominicana, ©. braziliensis. 769 speeimens of American Fringillide. Purchased. [85. 2. 8,1-8; 85. 2. 10, 1-761.] 71 species added to the Museum, with types of the following 25 species :— Pheueticus crissalis, P. uropygialis, Oryzoborus occidentalis, O. melas, O. funereus, O. ethiops, Spermophila pileata, S. ophthalmica, S. ocellata, 8. corvina, Paroaria cervicalis, Poospiza erythrophrys, P. whitei, P. bonapartei, P. czsar, Phrygilus ocularis, Zonotrichia quin- questriata, Peucza botterü, P. boucardi, Embernagra olivascens, Pipilo albieollis, Coccothraustes maculipennis, Ohrysomitris uropygialis, Sycalis pelzelni, S. chrysops. 1124 specimens of Tanagride. Purchased. [85. 6. 12, 1-1124.] 45 species added to the collection, with the types of the following 65 species:—Procnias tersa occidentalis, Chlorophonia frontalis, 0. flavirostris, Euphonia pyrrhophrys, E. coneinna, E.finschi, E. fulvierissa, E. melanura, E. vittata, E. chalcopasta, E. chrysopasta, Chlorochrysea nitidissima, Cailiste tatao czlicolor, ©. xwanthogastra, O. virescens, (0. icterocephala, O. ruficapilla, ©. chrysonota, O©. ceyanolema, 0. vieilloti, Ö. eyanescens, O. cyanopygia, 0. taylori, ©. melanotis, ©. cyanotis, Ö. rufigenis, ©. lunigera, ©. venusta, Iridornis porphyrocephala, Tanagra subeinerea, Tanagra auricrissa, Rhamphocelus dorsalis, R. ephippialis, R. uropygialis, R. unicolor, Phenicothraupis erythrolema, Tachyphonus albospecularis, T. eristatellus, Nemosia guirina, N. auricollis, N. insignis, N. albigularis, N. ornata, Ohlorospingus chrysophrys, Sphenops ignobilis, Chlorospingus oleagineus, (©. castaneicollis, CO. goeringi, ©. melanotis, Urothraupis stolzmanni, Buarremon phzopleurus, B. inornatus, B. casta- neiceps, B. spodionotus, B. eleoprorus, B. taczanowskii, B. castaneifrons, B. eitrinellus, Arremon spectabilis, A. nigrirostris, A. axillaris, Saltator laticlavius, S. Hlavidicollis, S. isthmicus and Tanagra olivina (= Schisto- chlamys atra, Gm. ; cf. Sclater, Cat. B., xi., p. 301). 384 specimens of American /eteride. Purchased. [85. 7. 12, 1-384.] Ineludes 10 types, viz.:—Ostinops salmoni, ©. oleaginus, Cassicus flavierissus, O. microrhynchus, Ageleus imthurni, A. forbesi, Leistes erythrothorax, Neopsar nigerrimus, Jeterus laudabilis, I. wagleri. 25 species were new to the Museum collection. 33 birds from S. America, including the type of Hzmophila pulchra. Purchased. [86. 8. 1, 1-33.] 310 specimens of American Turdide and Mimid&z. Purchased. [86. 8. 2, 1-310.] Included the types of nine species, C(atharus oceidentalis, C. pheopleurus, Turdus leucauchen, T. ephippialis, T. fulviventris, T. pinicola, Melanoptila glabrirostris, Harporhynchus ocellatus, Cinclus leuconotus. voL. II. 2H 466 Zoology. 468 specimens of American Troglodytide and Vüireonide. Pur- chased. [86. 9. 15. 1-468.] Included 36 types, as follows :— Campylorhynchus qularis, ©. jocosus, 0. nigriceps, ©. striaticollis, Cinnicerthio fulva, Oyphorhinus pheocephalus, C. dichrous, Mierocereulus squamulatus, J.eteroenemis albigularis, Miecrocerculus marginatus, Thryophilus nigricapillus, Thryothorus mystacalis, T. euophrys, T. felir, T. martinicensis, T. mesolencus, Troylodytes intermedius, T. solstitialis, T. brunneicollis, Uropsila leurogastra, \ireusylvia cobanensis, V. joseph, Vireo modestus, V. hypochryseus, Hylophilus pectoralis, H. museirapinus, H. insularis, H. brunneiceps, H. orhraceiceps, Hl. rubrifrons, H. feru- gineifrons, H.luteifrons, H. semieinereus, Oyelorhis flavipectus, C. viren- ticeps, Eremophila pereyrina. 25 specimens from the Solomon Islınds. Pıesented. [87.1.20,1-25.] Included the types of four species, Ninox solomonis, Sharje (= N. variegata, Q. and G.; cf. Salvad., Orn. Pap., i., p. 88), Rallus intactus, Selater (= G@ymmnocrex plumbeiventris, Gray ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 52, 1894), Mino kreffti, Selater (cf. P.7.8., 1869, pp. 118-126, pls. ix., x.). 485 speeimens of Trochilide. Purchased. [87. 3. 14, 1-485.] 1718 specimens of Tyrannide, Pipride, and Cotingide. Purchased. [83. 1. 13, 1-1718.] 25 species were new to the collection of the British Museum, and the following types were added to it:—Agriornis pollens, A. insolens, 4A. solitaria, Ochlheca fumicolor, O. superciliosa, O. polionota, O. leuco- metopa, O. eitrinifrons, ©. lessonii, O. nigrita, O. salvini, O. gratiosa, OÖ. murina, Mecocerculus stictopterus, M. calopterus, M. peeilocercus, Fluvicola atripennis, Unipolegus hudsoni, C. pusillus, Copurus fusei- capillus, Muscisaxicola fluviatilus, Platyrhynehus flavigularis, P. albi- gularis, P. coronatus, Todirostrum nigriceps, T. pulchellum, T. schista- ceiceps, T. picatum, Oncostoma cinereigulare, Euscarthınus pelzelnt, E. impiger, Hapalocereus fulviceps, H. flaviventris, Pogonotriccus guala- quizz, Serpophaga hypoleuca, 8. subflava, Anzretes agilis, Leptopogon pecilotis, L. peruvianus, L. erythrops, Phyllomyias berlepschi, Myiopatis semifusca, Ornithion inerme, O. imberbe, T’yranniscus cinereiceps, 1. im- probus, T. gracilipes, T. viridissimus, T. chrysops, T. flavidifrons, T. leucogonys, Elainea semipagana, E. gigas, E. riisü, E. griseigularis, E. modesta, E. hypospodia, E. pudica, E. fallax, E. implacens, E. elegans, E. flavivertex, Sublegatus glaber, Phyllomyias platyrhyncha, Rhynchos eyclus zquinoetialis, R. fulvipectus, R. einereiceps, R. viridiceps, Pitangus taylori, Myiodynastes nobilis, M. atrifrons, Syristes albocinereus, Mega- rhynchus chrysogaster, Museivora occidentalis, Onipodecles subbrunneus, ©. minor, Myiobius sulphureipygius, M. villosus, M. aureiventris, M. flavicans, M. pulcher, M. bellus, M. erypterythrus, M. eryptoxanthns- Pyrocephalus mexicanus, Empidochanes fringillaris, E. pecilurus, Mitre- phanes phzocercus, Empidonax ridywayi, Contopus brachytarsus, Myi- archus phzonotus, M. apicalis, M. nigricapillus, M. nigriceps, Tyrannus niveigularis, T. rostratus, Chloropipo holochlora, Masius coronulatus, Metopothrix aurantiacus, Pipra flavieollis, P. leucorrhoa, Tyranneutes brachyurus, Sel. aud Saıv. (= Pipra virescns, Pelz.; cf. Scl., Cat., xiv., p- 302), Machzropterus delieiosus, Pipra flavitineta, Sel. (= Chiro- machzris flaveola, Uass. ; cf. Scl., Cat., xiv., p. 315), Heteropelma wallacer, H. amazonum, H. stenorhynchum, H. flavicapillum, H. igniceps, Hadro- stomus homochrous, Pachyrhamphus spodiurus, P. einereiventris, P. dorsalis, P. albogriseus, Lipaugus immundus, Attila eitriniventris, IThamnophilus strenuus, Sel. (= Attila rhammophiloides, Spix: cf. Scl., Birds. 467 Cat., xiv, p. 364), A. torridus, Casiornis fusca, Pipreola jucunda, Cephalopterus penduliger, Doliornis sclateri, lacz. 347 specimens of American Woodpeckers (Piei). Purchased. [89. 2.26, 1-347.] Five species were added to the British Museum, and the following tvpe-specimens :—Picumnus wallacer, Harzitt, Dryocopus fuscipennis, Sclater, Melanerpes pulcher, Sclater, Oeleus subflavus, Sclater (= (. flavus, Müll.; of. Hargıtt, Cat., xviii., p. 440, 1890), C. fraseri, Malh. (= (0. luricatus, keichenb. ; cf. Hargitt, Cat. B., xvii., p. 482, 1890). 658 specimens of Dendrocolaptide. Purchased. [59. 5. 20, 1-658.] 8 species were new to the collection, and the following types were acquired :——@eositta erassirostris, Furnarius agnatus, F. torridus, Upu- certhia excelsior, Oinclodes albidiventris, Lochmias sororia, Leptasthenura pileata, L. andicola, Synallaxis moestı, 8. spixi, 8. elegans, S. elegantior, S. hypospodin, 8. subpudica, 8. pudica, Siptornis antisiensis, 8. curtata, S. erythrops, S. suberistata, 8. arequipe, 8. hudsoni, 8. wyatti, Phace- lodomus rufipennis, Thripophaga guttuligera, Automolus holostictus, H. ignobilis, A. striaticeps, A. rubiginosus, A. rubidus, A. melanopezus, Philydor consobrinus, P. erythronotus, P. panerythrus, P. cerwicalis, Anabazenops oleagineus, A. variegaticeps, A. temporalis, A. striaticollis, 4A. subalaris, Xenops littoralis, Ancistrops linraticeps, Dendrornis eytoni, Picolaptes puncticeps, P. layardi, Xiphorhynchus thoracicus, Scl. (=X. trochilirostris, Licht. ; ef. Scl., Cat.,xv.,p. 159), X. pusillus, Dendrocincla homochroa, D. ruficeps, Dendrocolaptes puncticollis, D. radiolatus. 726 speceimens of Formicariide. Purchased. [39. 9. 20, 1-726.] The following types were included :— Thamnopnilus melanoerissus, T. transandianus, T. immaculatus, T. zthiops, T. melanvochrous, Myrmelastes plumbeus (= Thamnophilus plumbeus; cf. Sel., Cat. B., xv., p. 193), T. nigrieinereus, T. nigriceps, T. capitalis. T. simplex, T. amazonicus, T. leucauchen, T. loreto-yaquensis, T. melanonotus, T. puncticeps, Thamnistes anabatinus, T. zquatorialis, Pygoptila margaritata, Dysi- thımmus leucostietus, D. ardesiacus, D. unicolor, D. gutturalis, Myrmo- therula pyrrhonota, M. erythrura, M. melena, M. cinereiventris, M. urostieta, Herpsilochmus frater, H. pectoralis, Formieivora speciosa, F. caudata, F. boucardi, Rhamphocznus albiventris, R. sancta-martiz, Microbates torguatus, Cercomaera napensis, O. nigricans, Ü. carbonaria, C. maculicanda, Perenostola fortis, Heterocnemis leucostigma, Myrme- cizu immaculata, M. pelzelni, Hypocnemis hypoxantha, H. erythrophrys, H. melanura, Pithys leucaspis, P. lunulatus, Thamnocharis dignissima, Grallaria mexicana, @. regulus, @. haplonota, (#. nuchalis, G. ruficeps, G. rufocinerea, G. flavotincta, @. erythroleuca, @. erythrotis, G. grisei- nucha, @. fulviventris, Grallaricula loricata, @. cucullata, Conopophaga torrida, Sel. (=Ü. peruviana, Des Murs; cf. Sel., Cat., xv., p. 831), C. castaneiceps, ©. gutturulis, Sel. (= C. eustaneiceps; ef. t.c, Pp. 332), Agathopus mieropterus, Se. (= Sceytalopus analis, Lafr.; cf. Scl., Cat., xv., p. 342), Liosceles thoracicus, Rhinoerypta fusca. 745 birds from varıous localities. Purchased. [1905. 1. 30, 1-745.] 726 specimens of Formicariidz (Ant-Thrushes), including 67 types. Purchased. [89. 9. 20, 1-726.] 221 specimens of Picarian birds (Cuckoos, Toucans, Barbets) including 2 types (Diplopterus excellens, and Cayito aurantüicollis), aud 5 species new to the collection. Purchased. [89. 9. 27, 1-221.] 196 specimens of Cypselide (Swiits) and Caprimulgide (Night-jars), including 2 types (Hemiprocne biscutata, and Chatura cinereiventris), aud 5 species new to the collection. Purchased. [90. 2. 18, 1-196.] 2 u 2 468 Zoology. 154 speeimens of Picarian birds (Motmots, Todies, Kingfishers, Trogons), ineluding the type of Momotus microstephanus. Purchased. [90. 4. 20, 1-154.] 266 specimens of Psittaci (Parrots), including 7 types (Conurus holochrous, O. rubritorques, ©. rhodogaster, Chrysotis sallei, Urochroma stietoptera, U. delectissima), and 4 species new to the collection. Purchased. [90. 6. 1, 1-266)]. 71 specimens of Galbulid® (Jacumars), including 5 types (Urogalba amazonum, Galbula rufoviridis, G. melanogenia, G. inornata, G. fulviventris). Purchased. [90. 8. 12, 1-71.] 157 specimens of Buecconidz (Puff-birds , including 5 types (Bucco napensis, B. leucocrissus, D. pulmentum, Malacoptila inornata, Nonnula brunnea). Purchased. [90. 8. 28, 1-137.} 26 eggs of various birds (Struthio molybdophanes, Casuarius wester- manni, Chauna chavaria, etc.). Presented. [91. 6. 21, 1-26.] 58 bırds from Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires, collected by Dr. F. Withington. Purchased. [92. 6. 59, 1-58.] This collection was described by Dr. Sclater in the Ibis for 1888 (pp. 461-473). 16 birds from the West Indies, colleeted by Mr. W. B. Richardson. Purchased. [93. 12. 16, 1-16.] 6 birds dsom Adis Abeba, Abyssinia, colleeted by the late Capt. Welby. Presented. [1901.1. 28, 1-6.] Contained a specimen of Z’uracus donaldsoni, previously only known from Somali Land. 6 specimens of Colies in spirit from South Africa. Presented. {1905. 5. 17, 1-6.] Dr. Sclater was for more than forty years the Secretary of the Zoological Society of London. He took office, on the retirement of Mr. D. W. Mitchell, who had accepted the 1ost of Director of the “Jardin d’Acelimatation” in Paris. The affairs of the Zoological Society were then at a low ebb, but by the eflicient management and enthusıasm of the new Secretary the Society was re-constituted, and a career of ever-increasing success was inaugurated. It is needless to allude to the fame of the Society, since Dr. Sclater became its Secretary, as the proof is patent in the volumes of the ‘Proceedings’ and ‘ Transactions’ since the year 1859 to the present time. A Memoir by Professor G. Brown Goode, recording “the published writings of Philip Lutley Sclater, 1844-1896,” appeared in the last-named year as “ Bulletin No. 49 of the United States National Museum.” At that date his contributions to zoological literature amounted to 1297! "The memoir by Professor Brown Goode gives a full synopsis of Dr. Sclater’s work, a wonderful example of a man’s energv ; but there is one feature in the character of this truly great Englishman which has not yet been published, and that is his extreme kındness and encouragement to the yvung men commencing their scientific career. T'here are many men now living, besides myself, who can testify to the assistance which was freely oftered to us by Dr. Sclater, when we were putting our first footstep on the ladder. He was born in 1829 at Tangier House in Hampshire, educated at Winchester College, whence he went to Oxtord, here meeting Hugh E. Strickland, who was Reader in Geology to the University. Strickland became bis ınstructor, and a close friendship resulted between the two men, continued up to Stricklaud’s untimely death. A joint paper on the birds of Damara Land appeared in the “Contributions to Orni- Birds. 469 thology” for 1852. It was by Strickland’s advice that Srlater took up the study of American birds, and after some few papers on British species as observed by him in Hampshire, near the family seat at Hoddington and in the neighbourhood of Odıham, he commenced his work on the Tanagers in 1350. Since that time he has written a continued series of memoirs and papers on Neotropical birds, and he got together a splendid collection of Passeres from that region. This colleetion was purchased by the Trustees of the British Museum, when Dr. Sclater agreed to write some of the volumes of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” The great number of types in the collection rendered this one of the most valuable acquisitions ever made by the National Museum. In addition to the separate memoirs and papers, now amounting to some 1,300 in number, Dr. Sclater has published many important bo.ks, the best known of which are the “ Argentine Ornithology ” (with Mr. W.H. Hudson) and “ Exotic Ornithology.” "The latter work was written in collabo- ration with the late Osbert Salvin, who for many years was joinr-author with Dr. Sclater of a long series of memoirs dealing with Neotropical Ornithology. It must not be supposed, however, that the latter subject alone occupied Dr. Sclater’s energy, lor he has written on many other subjects, and has been prominenily connected with all the recent expeditions which have been promoted either by the Government, or the Royal Geographical Society, or the British Association. He was the editor of the first series of the Ibis from 1859-1864 and with the exception of the second and third series (1865-1875), he has been joint-editor down to the present time. For a full and complete account of Dr. Sclater’s career, the reader is referred to Prof. Brown Goode’s memoir, already noticed. See also * Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1434. Scott-Elliott. ‚See ELLIOTT. Scott (G. FırrH). 19 birds from South-Western Australia. Presented. [1904. 7. 14, 1-9; 1905. 11. 19, 1-10.] Scott (Sir SamveL Epwarn), Bart. 58 birds from New Zealand. Presented. [95. 3. 15, 1-53]. Of. * Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1440. Scott (W.E. D.). See PRINCETON MUSEUM, N. J. When QCurator of ıhe Princeton Museum, New Jersey, Mr. Scott visited England and exchanged a valuable collection of duplicate eggs from his museum for a large series of bird skins from the British Museum. His life has been a very adventurous one, especially for a man who was delicate and afflicted with lameness. He made large collections of birds in Arizona, Culorado, and Florida, as well as in many of the Eastern States of North America. T'he history of his life is told in his interesting “ Story of a Bird-Lover ” (New York, 1905). Scully (Dr. J.). 63 birds from Gilgit. Presented. [81. 2. 25, 1-33; 81. 7. 12, 1-30.] An important memoir on the birds of Gilgit was published in the ‘Ibis’ for 1881 (pp. 415-453, 567-594). Dr. Scully’s donations 470 Zoology. contained specimens of Anorthura cashmiriensis and Fringillauda sordida, new to the Museum collection. 60 birds from Nepal [>1. 3. 19, 1-60]. These specimens were duplicates from the collection made by Dr. Scully uurivg his residence at Khatmandu in Nepal. The rest of the series obtain: d at this time was gıven to Mr. Hume, and came into the Mus-um with that gentleman’s collection in 1885. 29 Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia, from Yarkand [83. 6. 6, 1-29.] Seale (Auvın). * 26 birds. Purchased. [97. 10. 25, 1-26.] Seebohm (Henry). 27 birds from Norway and the Petchora River. Presented. [76.3. 22, 3. 29.] (cf. Seebohm, Ibis, 1576, pp. 105-126, 215-250, 289-311, 434- 456, pls. v., vii.). 23 birds fıom Heligoland. [76. 10. 17, 8-21; 76. 11. 29, 1-9.] For an account of Mr. Seebohm’s visit to Heligoland, in which I had the good fortune to accompany him and Mr. Francis Nicholson, cf. Ibis, 1877, pp. 156-165. 20 Warblers and Flycatchers from the Petchora River, the Yenesei River, Heligoland, etc. Presented. [78. 12.23,1-15; 78. 12. 31, 15-19.] 51 birds from various localities. Presented and exchanged. [79. 2. 3, 14; 19.3.8, 1-6; 79. 3.:14, 1-17; 79.3. 24, 135, 79 HS BE 81. 2. 24, 1-15.] 41 Thrushes (Turdide). Presented. [81. 2. 24, 16-56.] In 1850 Mr. Seebohm commenced to write the fifth volume of the “Catalogue of Birds,” and gave many specimens to the British Museum. 190 specimens of Timeliide (Babbling-Thrushes) from the Himalayas, Ch'na, etc. Presented. [82. 3. 1, 1-190.] 3 specimens ol Pallas’ Sea-Eagle (Haliaetus pelagicus). [85. 4. 19, 1-3. ns form part of the mounted group of this great Sea-Eagle in the Bird Gallery. 480 Accipitres and Striges (Birds of Prey). Presented. [86. 3. 25, 1-463; 86. 11. 18, 1-17.] In the year 13856 Mr. Seebohm determined to present to the British Muscum all the large birds in his collection, finding a want of space in his private house for big skins. Among the Aceipitrine types given in 1886 were those of Aquila amurensis, Swinhoe, Milvus palustris, A. Anderson, Cerchneis pekinensis, Swinhoe, Aetupa magnifica, Swinhoe, Athene plumipes, Swinhoe, Scops glabripes, Swinhoe, $. umbratilis, Swinhoe, Glaueidium pardalotum, Swinhoe, Strix pitheecps, Swinhue. 17 Hawks and Owls, ineludiug the type of Spilornis rutherfordi, Swinhoe. Preseuted. [86. 11. 18, 1-17.] 7 birds from Japan, the Caucasus, ete., including 4 specics new to the collection. Presented. [87. 8. 16, 1-7.] 539 Cuckoos (Cueuli) from various localıties, including the types of Quculus kelungensis, Swinh., and (. monosyllabicus, Swinh. Presented. [87. 12. 19, 1-539.] 87 Petrels (Procellariide), including the type of the Oceanodroma monorhis (Swinhoe). Presented. [87. 12. 19, 540-515.] 35 specimens from Pinetown, Natal, collected by Mr. T. L. Ayres. Presented. [88. 3. 11, 1-35.] Birds. a7ı 85 speeimens of Starlings, inelnding the type of Acridotheres siamensis, Swinhoe. Presented. |88. 7. 10, 1-85.] 13 Game-birds from the Futtegurh distriet, in Northern India, collected by the late Andrew Anderson. Presented. [88. 8. 1, 1-18.] Mr. Anderson was a first-rate field-natnralist, as was abundantly evidenced by the essays which he wrote, ad by the colleetion which he made. This collection was purchased by Mr. Seebohm, and was of great servi: e to him in his exchange with the St. Petersburg Museum, whereby thhe British Museum benefited to such a wonderful extent by the Seebohm Bequest. At the ıime of his death, his cllection of Palaarctic birds was one of the most crlebrated in the world, and contaned a number of specimens from the collections made by Russian travellers, Przewalski, Severtzow, Russow, and others. 60 birds from Turkestan. Presented. [88. 12. 30, 1-60.] Many iuterestiug species we e viven by Mr. Seebohm on this occasion, amongst them being examples of Phasianus vlangeli and P. strauchi, both new to the collection. 21 specimeus of Barbets (Capitonide), including the types of Oyanops nuchalis (Gould), and C. faber (Swinhve). Presentet. [89. 2. 1, 1-21.] 174 specimmens of Pig ons (Culumbidx). Presentei. |39. 3. 2, 1-174.] Among the types of Pi:eous presented by Mr. Seebuhm at this date were those of Macropygia minor, >Swinhoe [= M. swinhoei, Wardlaw Ramsay]|, Chalcophups formosana, Swinhve (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 514), Treron sororius, Swinhoe, 7. formos®, Swinhoe, Osmotreron domvillei, Swinhoe. 104 specimens of Ploceidz (Weaver-birds and Weaver-Finches, includ- ing tne type of Munia formosana and M. topela, Swinhoe). Presented. [39. 3. 15, 1-104. ] 41 specimens of Pigeons, Cuckoos, etc. Presented. [39. 3. 16, 1-41.] 4 species of Woodpeckers (Pieide) new to the Collection, being the types of Picus noguchii, Seebohm, /yngipieus doerriesi, Hargitt, and J. nigrescens, Seebonm. [39. 5. I, 1—4.] 21 specimens ot Weaver-Birds, etc. Presented. [39. 5. 21, 1-21.] 237 specımens of Larks (Alaudidx). Presented. [90. 1. 29, 1-257.] Inceluded the following types from the Swinhoe collection, (alerita le ıutungensis, Swinhve, Alauda intermedia, Swinlive, A. pehinensis, Swinhve, A. cwlivox, Swinlwe, A. wattersi, Swinhoe, A. sula, Swiuhoe, Mirafra parva, Swiuho., Oulandrella cheleensis, Swiuhoe. 79 specimens of Kıuzsfisuers (Alcedinide). Presented. [90. 10. 6, 1-8; 90. 11. 4, 1-71.] 44 speeimens of Hoopoes, Rollers, and Barbets. Presented. [90. 12. 10, 1-25; 91. 4. 20, 1-17.] Inciuded specimens of the Mountain Barbet (Oyanops monticola) from Mt. Kina Balu, N.W. Borneo, new to the coliectiun. 177 specimens of Gu'ls and Terns (Laride). Presented. [92. 5. 4, 1-120; 94.1. 6, 1-57.] 1,013 specimens of Wading-birds (Charadriiformes). Presented. [92. 8. 1, 1-403; 92. 8. 3, 1-545.] C/.. Seebohm, Geogr. Dist. Ohara- drüde, 1888. 3 specimens of Pigeons, new to the collection (Columba nitens, (. versicolor). Presented. [92. 11. 23, 1-3.] 370 specimens of Heıons (Ardeiformes), Waders (Oharadriiformes), and Rails (Aalliformes), including the tvpe of Ortyyops exquisita. Presented. [93.1. 25, 1-289; 94. 1. 20, 1-81.] 5 specimeus of birds, three new to the collection [@rus nigricollis, 472 Zoology. Tetraophasis szechenyi, Rhinoptilus seebohmi (type)]. Presented. [93. 5. 1, 1-2; 9. 11. 24,1; 93. 12. 2141-2.] 3 specimens of Rollers (Coraciide). Presented. [93. 12. 13, 1-3.] 122 specimens of Waders (Churadrüformes) aud Owls (Strigiformes), Fe the type of Cursorius somalensis. Pıesented. [94. 2. 19, 1-122. 354 specimens of Ducks (Anseriformes), including the type of Nettapus kopschi, Swinhoe (= N. coromandeliana (Gm.), cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 68). [94. 8. 12, 1-354.] 60 specimens of Grebes (Podicipediformes) and Wading-Birds (Chara- drüformes). Presented. [94. 9. 1, 2-61.] Includes the type of Ahinop- tilus hartingi. 18 a of Owls from Japan and Formosa. Presented. [94. 12. 23, 1-18. 46 Petrels (Procellariiformes), and Guils and Terns (Zariformes), from the Gulf of the Amur, and the Kurile and Bonin Islands. (Of. Seebohm, Ibis, 1890, pp. 95-108). Presented. [95. 3. 7, 1-21; 9.5. 14, 1-25.] Mr. Seebohm died on the 26th of November, 1895, and bequeathed his collection of birds to the British Museum. 827 specimens of Wading-Birds (Charadrüformes) and Game-Birds (Galliformes). Seebohm Bequest. [96. 1. 1, 1-827.] Among the Game-birds were the types of several species described by Swinhoe and Seebohm himself. These were as follows :—Arboricola bambuse, Swinh. (= Bambusicola thoracica, Tenım., cf. Grant, Cat. B., xxil, p. 258), Crossoptium leucurum, Swinhoe, C. mantchuricum, Swinhoe, Oreoperdix erudiyularis, Swinh., Pucrasia darwini, S&winlior, Phasianus prineipalis. Sclater, P. tarnowskii, Seebohm (=P. zerafscha- nicus, Tarnowski, cf. Grant, Cat. B., xxii, p. 326), P. decollatus, Swinhoe, Callophasis ellioti, Swinhoe. 230 skeletons of Birds. Seebohm Begnest. [96. 2. 16, 1-230.] 84 Swifts (O'ypseli) and 23 birds from Mt. Kina Balu. beebohm Bequest. [96. 4. 4, 1-107.] Ineluded in this douat.on were the types of Oypselus pekinensis, Swinhoe, 0, tinus, Swinhoe (= Tachornis infumata, Sel, cf. Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 467). 12 mouuted birds for the publie gallery! Seebohm Bequest. [1896. 5.10 1-9: 1896. 5. 24, 1-8.] 15 birds fıom Forniosa, cllected by Mr. P. A. Holst. Seebuhm Bequest. [96. 5. 2, 1-15.] (f. Seebohm, Ibis, 1895, p 211. 1031 specimens of Zurdid (Thrush«s). Seebobm Bequest. [96. 6. 1, 1-1031.] 5 species new to the Collection. Types of Geocichla aurata, Sharpe, @G. dixoni, Seebohm, Merula scanthoscelis, Jard., M. mareensis, Layarı, M. pritzbueri, Layard, M. tempesti, Layard, M. bicolor, Layard, M. albiceps, Swinhoe, M. seebohmi, Sharpe, M. vanuensis, Seehohm (=M. vitiensis, Layard, cf. Sharpe in Seebohm’s Monogr. Turdid, i1., p. 133), A. layardi, Seebohm. 1350 Wading-Bırds (Charadriiformes), including the types of Vanellus occidentalis, Harting, [= Belenopterus chilensis, Mol.] (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,xxiv., p. 165), and Zgialitis dealbatus, Swinhoe [#. alewandrina (L.), cf. Sharpe, f.c., p. 275], Seebohm Bequest. [96. 6.2, 1-51 ; 96. 7.1, 1-1299.] This was an especially valuable donation, as it consisted of the material on which Seebotım founded his great work on the “ Geographical Distribution of the Oharadriüide” (Sotheran & Co., 1885). The founda- Birds. 473 tion of this work was the collection of Wading Birds formed by Mr. J. E. Harting, which was purchased by Mr. Seebohm. 93 specimens of Pelecaniforınes (Cormorants, Divers, etc.), Seebohm Bequest. [1896, 10. 1, 1-93.] 663 specimens of Corvide, Oriolidz, Diceruride, Prionopide. Seebohm Bequest. [97. 6. 1, 1-663.] In this series of Crows and allied families were the types of Corone colonorum, Swinhoe [= 0. levaillanti, Less. (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p- 39], Urocissa brevivexilla, Swinhoe [=U. erythrorhyncha, Gm. (cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 71)]; Oriolus ardens (Swinhoe); 0. nigellicauda (Swinhoe) ; Chaptia brauniana (Swinhoe); Buchanga innexa, (Swin- hoe); Pinarolestes maximus (Layard); P. macrorhynchus (Layard) ; P. compressirostris (Layard); P. fortune (Layard). 1106 specimens of Campophagide and Muscicapide. Seebohm Bequest. [97. 7. 2, 1-1106 ] In th s series were types of the following species, Arfamides rex-pineti, Swinhoe, Pericrocotus fraterculus, Swinhoe, P. cantonensis, Swinhoe, Musecicapa griseisticta, Swinhor, Rhipidura bulgeri, Layard, Myiagra azureicapilla, Layard, Oryptolopha fulvifacies (Swinhoe), Niltava vivida (Swinhoe). 657 specimens of Herons, Gannets, Auks, etc. Seebohm Bequest. [97. 10. 30, 1-657.] The types of tne following species are included, Ardetta eurythma, Swinhoe, Ardeola prasinoscelis, Swinhoe [= Ardeola bacchus, Bp. (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 211)], Herodias eulophotes, Swinhoe, Tantalus longimembris, Swinhoe [= Pseudotantalus leucocephalus (Forst.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 323], Rallina mandarina, Swinhoe [= Limno- benus paykulli (Ljungh.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 149.] 2570 Warblers and Chats [Vol. V. of the “Catalogue of Birds”; vide antea, p. .] Seebohm Begq:.est. [98. 9.1, 1-2570.] The following types were included, Phylloscopus scanthodryas, Swinhoe; P. burmanicus, Brooks; P. tenellipes, Swinhoe; P. mandellii, Brooks; Acrocephalus bistrigiceps, Swinhoe; 4A. sorgophilus, Swinhoe ; Locustella macropus, Swinhve [= Z. lanceolata (Temm.), (cf. Seebuhm Cat. B., v., p. 118]: Cettia minuta (Swinhoe); (. robustipes, Swinhoe [= €. fortipes (Hodgs.), (cf. Seebohm, £.c, p. 136]; C. canturiens (Swinhoe); C. ussuriana, Seebohm; Monticola gularis (Swinhoe); Saxicola montana, Gould. 86 specimens collected by Mr. John Whitehead on Mt. Kina Balu in N.W. Borneo. Seebohm Bequest. [98. 9. 12, 1-86.] Mr. Seebohm purchased the second series of Mr. Whitehead’s Kina Balu collections, the first ser, with all the types of the new species, having been acqnired by the Hon. Walter Rothschild for the 'Tring Museum. Many species, new to the British Museum, were included in the Seebohm Bequest. 1257 specimens of Sunbirds (Nectariinde), White-eyes (Zosteropid), and Meli,hagide. Seebohm Bequest. [98. 9. 30, 1-1091.] Among the types of these tamilies of birds were those of Cinnyris rhizophorz (Swinhoe); Zosterops simplex, Swinhoe; Z.subrosea, Swiuhoe ; Z. erythropleura, Swiuhoe; Z. inornata, L. and L. C. Layard; and Z. minuta, E. L. and L. ©. Layard; Ptilotis similis, Layard; Myzomela splendida, Layard. 365 specimens of Bulbuls (Pyenonotide), Wrens (Troglodytide), and Dippers (Cinclidz). Seebohm Bequest. [98. 10. 2, 1-365.] In this series were the types of Ohlcropsis lazulina (Swinhoe) ; Hypsi- 474 Zoology. petes perniger, Swinhoe; H. nigerrimr's, Gould; F. niveiceps, Swinhoe [= H.leucocephala (Gm.). Of. Sharpe, Cat. B., vi., p. 41]; Zaus andersoni, Swinhoe [= Pyenonotus ranthorrhous, Anlerson. (/f. Sharpe, Cat. B., vi., p: 159]; P. hainanus, Swinhoe ; also the type-specimens of tlie S Kılda Wien, Anorthura hirtensis, Seebohm. 139 specimens of Lanidz. Seebohm Bequest. [98. 10. 4, 1-139.] Contained the type of Zanius melanthes, Swinhoe. 1039 specimens of Babblers ( Timeliid) and Accentors (Accentoridz). Seeb’hm Bequest. [98. 10. 3, 1-1039.] Among these were types of the following spec’es: Myiophoneus insı- laris, Gould; Lamprolia minor, Layard: Drymıaca pekinensis, Swinh. ; Megalurus pryeri, Seebohm; Suya striata, Swinh. [= $. criniyera, Hodgs.; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 177]; Prinia sonitans, Swiuh. ; Henicurus leucoschistus, Swinh. [= H. schistaceus, Hodgs. ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii, p. 315]; Pferorhinus davidi, Swinh.; Trochalopterum taivanım (Swinh.); Malacias auricularis (Swinh.); Pomatorhinus musi- eus, Swinh.; P. nigrostellatus, Swinh.; P. stridulus, Swinh. [= £. rufi- collis, Hodgs. ; cf. Sharpe, Cat B., vii., p. 426]; P. styani, Seebohin; P. erythrocnemis, Gould; Garrulax ruficeps, Gould: Dryonastes pecilo- rhynchus (Gould); Garrulax pieticollis, Swinh.; @. rugillatus, Swinh. ; Dryonastes sannio (Swinh.); Suthora bulomachus, Swinh.; 8. suffusa, Swinh.; S. fulvicauda, Campbell; S. longicauda, Camybell [=S. mant- churica, Tacz.; cf. Sharpe, Hand-list B., iv., p. 70]; Stachyrdopsis precognitus, Swinh. [= 8. ruficeps, Blyth: cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p- 598]; Staphidia torgueola (Swinh.); Alcippe morrisonia, Swinh. ; Herpornis tyrannulus, Swinh.; Oisticola volituns, Swinh. [= C. ewilis, Vigors and Horsf. ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 269]. 1297 specimens o' Swailows (Zirundinidze) aud Wagtails and Pipits (Motacillidz). Seebohm B quest. [98. 10. 20, 31-1297 ] Many types ot species were includıd in this series, including those of Chelidon whiteleyi, Swiuhoe [=(. lagopus (Pall.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., >. 0 sol: C. blakistoni, Swinh. |= (. dasypus, bp ; cf. Snarje, Cat. B., x., p. 90|; Hirundo seullyi, Seebohm ; Motacila ocularis, Swinhoe ; M. japonica, Swinhoe; M. blakıstoni, Seebohm [= M. lugens, Kittl.; ef. Sharpe, Cat. B.,x, p. 474]; M. felix, Swmhoe; M. amurensis, Seebohn: ; M. scehuenensis, Swinhoe; M. franeisei, Swinhoe [= M. leuco; sis, Gould. Cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 482]; M. taivana, Swinhoe; M. zanthophrys, Sharpe ; Anthus blakistoni, Swiuhoe; A. gustavi, Swiuhoe. 1575 speeimens of Finches and Buntings (Fringillid®). Seebohm Bequest. [98. 11. 1, 1-1875 ] Including types of the following species: Fringilla kittlitzi, Seebohm ; Erythrospiza mongolica (Swinhoe); ZLoxia albiventris, Swiuhoe; Pyrrhu- lorhyncha pyrrhulina (Swinlioe); Amberiza cunescens, Swinhoe; E. yesso- ensis (Swinhoe); E. elegantula, Swinhoe. 379 specimens of Starlings (Sturnidz), Weaver-birds (Ploceide), and Larks (Alawdide). Serbohn Bequest. [98. 11. 10, 1-379.] Among the type-specimens in this series are those of Aplonis vitiensis, Layard; and Erythrura eyaneifrons, Layard. 68 specimens from varıous countries of the Palxarctic Region. Seebohm Bequest. [98. 11. 14, 1-68.] 757 specimens of Jicarian Birds, Rails, ete. Seebohm Bequest. [98. 12. 2, 1-757. Inceludes types of Platycercus taviunensis, Layard; P. koroensis, Layard; P. hobbsi, Tristram; Caprimulgus stictonus, Swinhoe [= (. Birds. 475 monticola, Frankl. ; ef. Hartert. Cat. B., xvi., p. 547]; Rallina formosana, Stebohm [cf. Seebohm, Ibis, 1895, p. 210]. Henry Seebolım was one of the most enthus’astic naturalists that ever lived, and one of the best field-ornithologists in his dav. He wasa successful manufacturer in Sheflield, and devoted his spare time to the study of ornitholosy, and acquiring the knowledge of the habits of our native birds, which resulted later on in his “ History of British Birds” (1883-85). After a recovery from smallpox, he was oıdered by his medical adviser to go abroad for a stason. The idea of leaving h’s business was distasteful to him, bnt the deetor’s orders being imprrative, he went to the Mediterranean, and die much useful work in Greece and Asia Minor, travelling with the veteran ornithologist, Dr. Krüper. This was the commencement of a seıies of ornithological expeditions. He went to Norwav, Russia, Holland, and Northern Germany. On his expedition to Heligoland in 1876 he asked me to accompany him, and I experieuced one or ıhe most exeiting and interesting episodes of my life. In 1575, Seebohm went to the Petchora Valley in N.E. Russia in company with his friend J. A. Harvie Brown, and found the eggs of the Grey Plover (Squatarola helvetica), the Little Stint (Limonites minuta), and other rare birds. (See his book “Siberia in Europe,” 1880.) In 1877, in compıny with Captain Wisgins, who died but a few months ago, Seebohm departed on his adventurous journey to the Yenesei River, a description o: which is to be found in his work “ Siberia in Asia ” (1382). When he had made up his mind to publish a work on the Plovers and Snipes and their geographical distribution, finding many questions to be solved regardinz their moults and winter quarters, he went to South Africa to study the problems for himself. His heart, however, was with tlıe birds of the Pala»arctic Region, and after the purchase of Mr. Harry Pryer’s collection of Japanese birds, and sending Mr. Holst to explore the Jaj auese islands, he published his book on the “Birds of the Japanese Euipire ” in 1890. Seebohm’s intimate acquaintance with the Thrushes, Warblers, and Chats led Dr. Günther to ask him to write the fifth volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds,” and his work was excellent. His untimely death prevented him from completiug the Monograph of the Thrushes which he had contemplatıd, and of which he had prepared but a fragnıent of the text. Allthe jlates, however, were drawn and coloured at the time of his death, and I endeavoured to supply the letterpress as I believe my friend would have written it himself. For an obituary notice and au excellent account of his life-work, ef. Ibis, 1896, pp. 159-162. Seebohm (FE. Vıcror). Son of Henry Seebohm. He was fond of travelling, and during his various expeditions he collected some interesting birds and eggs for his father’s collectiou. Selous (F. CoURTENAY). 21 birds from Matabele Land. Presented. [96. 10. 9, 1-21.] 16 birds from Potchefstroom, Transvaal. Presented. [99. 6. 26, 1-16.] This well-known traveller and naturalist found time during his expeditions after big Game to coll-ct a few birds for the Museum. Of.“ Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1446. 476 Zoology. Sennett (G. B.). 9 birds from Arizona. Presented. [86. 3-4, 1-9]. 12 birds from Texas. Presented. [86. 7. 7, 22-33.] During a visit to Europe, this excellent naturalıst spent some time at the British Museum and went with Edward Hargitt and myself to study at the Leyden Museum. His work in Texas was most important. For an account of his lite and work, see the * Auk ’ for 1900, p. 193. Seoane (Dr. Vıcror Lopzz). 44 birds from Galicia, Spain. Presented. [94. 5. 30, 1-22; 94. 6.8, 1-4; 99.9. 5, 1-18]. So few specimens have reached the Museum from the north of Spain, that Dr. Seoane’s donations were much appreciated. His views on natural history subjects were sometimes rather eccentric, as, for instance, when he issued in 1894 a description of a supposed new Woodpecker (Geeinus viridis galiciensis), aud attached to it the date of publication as 1370— or fourteen years earlier than the paper really appeared. By this means his intention was evidently to ante-date Mr. Howard Saunders’ description of Gecinus sharpei, published in 1871. [Cf. Sharpe, Zool. Rec., vol. xxxi., p- 38, 1894.] Seth-Smith (D.). A nestling of Phaps elegans,died in confinement. Presented. [1904. 83,1] A young Tinamou (Urypturus tataupa), died in confinement. Pre- sented. [1904. 6. 29, 1.] Severtzoff (Dr. N.). See MENZBIER, Prof. M. Seymour (Percy). 3 (Estrelata gularis from Preservation Inlet, New Zealand. Purchased. [1904. 7. 27, 1-3.] Shanghai Museum. 53 specimens from Cbina. Presented. [77.1. 23, 1-53]. T'wo species were new to the Museum, viz., Otis dybowskii and Fulix baeri. Sharp (Henry). 1 Pintail (imm.), and 5 Knots from Lincolnshire. Presented. [1904. 8. 3, 1-6.] Sharpe (Sir Aurren), K.C.M.@. 574 specimens from Nyasa Land. Presented. [96. 2. 9, 1-37; 98. 5.1, 1-238; 1900. 1. 20, 1-87; 1902. 7. 12, 1-91; 1902. 11. 12, 1-121; 1905. 1. 23, 1-162]. 160 birds from Nyasaland. Presented. [1905. 1. 23, 1-160.] Sir Alfred Sharpe succeeded Sir Harry Johnston as Commissioner of British Central Africa. Like his predecessor, he has irterested himself ın the natural history of the Colony, and his collections have been described by Capt, G. E. Shelley, the well-known authority on African birds, in the “bis” from, 1896 to 1905. Of. Shelley, ‘Ibis,’ 1896, pp. 229-241, 1898, pp. 551-557, 1901, pp. 161-177. Of. also Sclater, P.Z.S., 1900, pp: 1-3. The following new species were discovered by Mr. Alexahder Whyte Birds. a7 and Mr. McClounie, the Government collectors in British Central Africa, and presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe: Otyphantes shurpei, Amydrus nyasz, Oypselus alfreti. Of. also * Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1454. Sharpe (R. BowpLer), LL.D. See also GERRARD, E. 164 birds, mostly from parts of the Palsarctic Region. Presented. 210751 720577210. 1, 192, 72. 10. 29, 14; 72. 11. 4, 2463); 72. 11. 18, 1-2; 72. 11. 23, 7-10; 72. 12. 21, 2-3.) Specimens from Scotland, Pagham Harbour, Sussex, Archangel, Turkey, etc. 14 birds from Natal and the Transvaal, collected by Mr. T. Ayres. Presented. [72. 10. 2, 1-14.] The above-mentioned series of birds was intended for my private collection, but arıiving shortly alter my appointment to the Museum, was presented to the latter. 82 birds, chiefly from the 'Transvaal. Presented. [73. 1. 23, 1-22; 73. 10. 13, 1-9.] 17 birds from Belgium, Germany, S. Russia, etc. Presented. [73.5. 5, 8-24. | 44 birds from Cookham, Berkshire. Presented. [73. 5. 5, 1-7; 73. 9. 13, 6-15 ; 74. 4. 15, 1-27.] The collection of skins of European birds in the Museum was a very poor one in 1872, when I first held office, and much of my vacation was spent in getting together a series of British specimens fiom Cookham, where my family Jived at the time, from Pagham Harbour in Sussex (before it was reclaimed from the sea), and at Avington Park, Hampshire, the seat of my old fiiend Sir Edward Shelley. Here Capt. G. E. Shelley and I made considerable collections of birds from 1871 to 1886. 6 specimens from various localities, including an example of Spheniscus mendiculus from the Galapagos. Presented. [73. 9. 11,1; 73. 9.13, 16-18, 29-30.] 44 birds from Denkera in the interior of the Gold Coast, collected by Mr. St. Thomas David Aubinn, a native hunter. Presented. [73. 5. 24, 1-44. ] 28 specimens, mostly of Aceipitres, from Central America. Presented, [73. 5. 28, 1-28.] 29 specimens, mostly Wading-birds from Pagham Harbour. Presented. [73. 6. 4, 1-29.] 26 specimens from Greenland, New Zealand, etc. Presented. [73. 6. 5. 1-26. 2 speeimens from Cookham, mounted by Mr. W. Briggs (vide antea). Presented. [73. 6. 9, 1-57.] This was the collection ot birds made by myself when a boy at Cookham. 10 specimens of Accipitres from Darjiling, collected by Major Sharpe, and sold at Stevens’ sale-rooms. Presented. [73. 7. 3, 1-10.] I have never found out who my name-sake was, and he was unknown to Mr. Hume, but he had a fine collection of Himalayan birds, from which I procured some of the Aceipitres, in which Order of birds I have always taken a great interest. One ot the specimens obtained on this occasion is the type of Aguila murina ot Sushkin. A specimen of Milvago carunculatus, new to the collection. Presented. Da A] E 15 specimens of Accipitres. Presented. [73. 7. 8, 1-18.] 478 Zoology. - ’ specimens from various localities, including a specimen of Pittu sanghirensis. Presented. [7#. 7. 19, 10-16.] 69 specimens from Mombasa, collected by the Rev. T. Wakefield. Presented. [73. 9. 9, 1-69.] Tıis collection was described by me in the ‘Proceedings’ of the Zoological Society for 1873 (pp. 710-716, pl. lviii ). Types of two species (Treron wakefieldi and Bradyornis subalaris) were include, 3 Hawks and an Owl from Darjiling, collected by Major Sharpe. Presented. [73. 9. 15, 8-11.] 42 specimens, collected near Bangkok, on the Natuna Islands, in China, and Japan, by Captain Conrad. Presented. [73. 10. 20, 9-50.] This collection was described by Dr. O'to Finsch and Capt. Conrad. (Verh. z. b. Ges. Wien, xxiii., pp. 341-360.) 194 birds from Damara Land, collected by C. J. Andersson [vide antea, pP. ]. Presented. [73. 10.20, 51-244.] This was the last collection sent bv Mr. Andersson to this country. I discovered it among the s!ores of Mr. Higsins’ Agency in Bloomsbury Street, and purchased it from him. There were also a few skins from Lake N’gami, collected by Chapman. 29 specimens from Madagascar, Mauritius, and Reunion. Presented. [73. 10. 25, 1-29.] 40 birds irom Avington, Hampshire. Presented. [73. 11. 17, 1-14; 73. 11. 26, 9-34.] 4 specimens from Fantee. Presented. [73. 11. 26, 1-4.] A Griffon Vulture (@yps fulvus) from S. Spain,and a Ground Hornbill (Bucorax cafer) from S. Africa. Preseuted. [73. 12. 26, 15-16.] 30 spscimens of Aceipitres from Tliuringia and S. Africa. Presented. 732.81, 13 7280 1-27] '[hese specimens were presented to me hy Professor Peters, the Dire-tor of the Berlin Museum, in exchange for some African birds I gave to the latter Institution. 2 Woheatears (Sawicola leucorrhoa) and 6 Birds of Prey, including 2 Greenland Jerfaleons (Flierofalco candicans) and 2 Holboell’s Jerfalcons. Presented. [74. 1. 14, 1-8.] 176 birds, in spirit, from various localities. Presented. [74. 2. 9, 1-176. 22 N of Accipitres from Demerara. Presented. [74. 3. 20, 1-22. 72 birds from the Andamans and Nicobars. Presented. [74. 5. 13, 3-42; 74, 10. 26, 3-34.] These were duplicate specimens from Colonel Wardlaw Ramsav’s collection. "Ihe first set, with the types of the new species, went into the collection of the Marquess of Tweeddale. At the time this donation of mine was of great importance to the Museum, which possessed no speci- mens from the islands of the Bay of B.ngal, as may be judged from the fact that 21 species were added to the Museum collection. 23 nests and egaes from Ross-shire, being those of Chrysomitris spinus, Loxia eurvirostra, and Turdus viseivorus. Presented. [74. 5.20, 1-23. "Ihe esgs of the Mistle-Thrush were sent to me by my correspondent as those of the Fieläfare ( Turdus pilaris). 19 specimens from Accra. Presented. [74. 5. 30, 1-19.] 36 Nightjars from various localıties. Presented. [74. 7. 4, 6-41.] 7 specimens from Natal aud a Thrush from U. S. Colombia. Prescnued. [74. 9. 12, 6-12.] De Age Birds. 479 29 birds from Cookham, collected by me in July 1874. Presented. [74. 8. 5, 1-29.] 61 bir s from Pa:ham Harbour, Sussex. Presented. [74. 10. 12, 14-74. öl 1 Sen from Sweden. Presented. [r4. 11. 26, 1-51.] "This collection was made by Mr. W. Meves, and contained a number of beautifully prejiared skins of birds, illustrating many of the changes of plumage. A series of Swedish birds is absolutely essencial to the student of Palx»arc ie Ornitholo:y, as Linn»us was a Swede himself, and the narıes of his common species were fouude I on Swedish examples. 126 birds, nes's, and egzs from the island of Labuan, collected by Sir Huch Low. Prisented. [74. 12.1, 11-104; 74. 12.9, 1-17; 74. 12.19, 1-5: En birds and eg:s from theneishbourhood of Constantinople, collected by Mrs Robson. Presented. [75. 1. 28, 1-11; 75.4. 27, 1-28; 75.5.8, 1-14; 75.5..21,.11-34; 77.10. 11, 1-43.] 63 birds from various localities, mostly from Mr. Basil Brooke’s Sardinian enlleetion. Presented. [75. 3. 31, 1-5; 75. 5. 5, 1-58.] 24 specimens from Kashniir. Presented. [75. 5. 29, 3-26. ] 8 spe-imens from Greenland. Presented. [75. 9. 18, 7-14. | 42 birds from Yarkand, collected by Coiovnel Chapman, including snrecinens of Turdus mystacinus, Severtz., and Accentor fulvescens, Severtz., new to the Museum. Presented. [75. 9. 24, 1-42.] 19 specimens, inostly Wading Biras, f om Muddiford Harbour, Christ- churen, Hants. Present:d. [75. 10. 12, 5-19.] 86 svecimens 'rom Nazeerah, Upper Assaın, collected by Reid. Presented. [75. 10. 19, 1-86. ] 34 specimens from various localities. Presented. [75. 11. 4, 5-11; 75.12. 31, 1-5; 77. 5. 24, 1-18.] 12 speeimens from the Astor Valley, Cashmere. Presented. [76. 12.5, 1-12.] 43 specimens, mostly Sylviidz, from Putchefstroom, 'Transvaal. Pre- sentei. [77. 5. 30, 1-9; 77. 7. 10, 1-34.] 32 birds from Avington, Hampshire. Presented. [77. 6. 13, 1-32.] 43 specimens, mos ly Arcipitres, from various localities. Presented. [77. 8. 16, 1-37, 77. 8. 28, 1-6.] The rare Harpogus fasciatus from Mexico was new to the Museum. 157 birds from various localities. Presented. [77. 8. 29, 1-8; 77. 10231736; 7a..11.17, 94286 5177.12. 6, 19-65); 78. 2. 18,71-61; 7841 14,1-19.] ‚Several interesting species added to the Museum, Pinarolestes vitiensis, Ptilotis provocator, Uulicipeta tephrocephala, ıte. 43 bırds from the neighbourhood of Constautinople, collected by Mr. W. Pearce. Presented. [77. 10.11, 1-43.] 34 birds from the United States. Presented. [78. 1. 21, 3-36.] 45 biıds from various localities. Presented. |19. 2.20, 1-11; 81. 3. 11, 1-10; 83. 10. 9, 1-24.] 12 birds from Quilombo, Angola, collected by A. H. Heath. Presented, [81. 4. 19, 1-12.] 110 birds from various localities. Presented. [81. 5. 24, 1-9; 81.:10. 25, 1-52; 82.1. 10,.1-28; 82. 9. 17, 1-14; 83. 9. 21, 1-7.] 12 birds ffom Romney Marsh, etc. Presented. |83. 8. 10, 1-7; 83. 10. 8, 1-5.] 179 birds, nests, and egss from Brighton, collected by R. B. S., W. Swaysland and Henry Swaysland. Iresented. |85. 11. 23, 1-21; 480 Zoology. 84. 2.1, 1-40; 84. 4. 17, 1-12; 84. 4.18, 1-10; 85. 1. 5, 1-11; 86. 1. 21, 1-6; 92. 7. 7, 1-23.] 131 birds from various localities. Presented. [84. 1. 30, 1-104; 84. 2. 25, 1-27.] 27 specimens of the Pied Wagtail (Motaecilla lugubris) from Cookham, Brighton, etc. Presented. [84. 2. 4, 1-20.] 107 speeimens of Motacillide (Wagtails and Pipits). Presented. [84. 3. 6, 1-107.] 274 birds from varions localities. Presented. [84. 5. 8, 1-20; 84. 9. 1, 19-95; 84. 9. 24, 1-125.] 65 birds from the United States. Presented. [84. 9. 28, 1-10; 84. 10. 5, 1-55.] 147 birds from various parts of Great Britain and North America. Presented. [84. 11. 25, 1-127; 84. 12. 17, 1-20.] 56 specimens, mostly from Natal. Presented. [85.1. 3, 1-56.] 125 specimens from various localities. Presented. [85.1.6, 1-41; 85. 3. 13, 1-26; 85. 4. 14, 1-30; 85. 7. 16, 1-28. ] A great many of these were British species collected by me at Cookham, Brishton, Romney Marsh, etc. 325 specimens from various localities, mostly Finches (Fringillide). Presented. [82. 3. 30, 1-123; 85. 2. 20, 1-52; 85. 11. 18, 1-98; 86. 10. 20, 1-52.] 650 specimens from various localities, Ceylon, Malacca, South Africa, Shoa, etc. Presented. [85. 7. 24, 1-208; 85. 9. 1, 1-248; 86. 1. 4, 1-12; 86. 7. 7, 1-21; 86. 9. 14, 5-10; 86. 12. 20, 1-52; 87. 5. 8, 1-104] Amongst these collections were some rare species new to the Museum, such as Cerchneis alopex, Heugl., etc. 45 specimens, mostly Sturnide. Presented. [87. 3. 25, 1-22; 88. 8. 27, 1-23.] 19 birds from Swan River, West Australia. Presented. [88. 6. 18, 1-19. n specimens of Larks (Alaudidz) from the Transvaal, Orange River Colony, and Natal. Presented. [88. 6. 26, 1-20.] 14 birds from New Britain and Duke of York Islands. Presented. [88. 6. 28, 1-14.] 206 Starlings from the neighbourhood of Brighton. Presented. [89. 1. 1, 1-206. When en the 13th volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds,” I made a large collection of the Common Starling from every locality I could think of, in order to prove, if possible, the questien of the influx of the Siberian Starling (Sturnus menzbieri) into Western Europe, and especially its appearance in Great Britain. At Brighton I received great assistance from the well-known naturalists, Mr. Swaysland and Mr. Brazenor, and the bird-catchers were instructed to note the size of the fiucks out of which the specimens were obtained. No practical result came from all this trouble and expenditure, it keing impossible to discover, during the season of migration, whether a flock ot Starlings on the Brighton Downs had arrived from the north of Europe across the Baltie Sea, or had mierated south from the north and middle of England. 'l'he conclusion arrived at was that, while Starlings from Western England were appareutiy the true Sturnus vulgaris, indistinguishable from the typical Swedish bird, a number of those from the east and south of England were intermediate between the true Sturnus vulgaris and 8. menzbieri, being much more purple than green Birds. 481 on the head. T'he inference was that the Siberian Starling, extending its range westward, inter-bred with the ordinary $. vulgaris of Western Europe, and that the result was a mixture, just as iu the case of the Carrion Crow (Corone corone) and the Hooded Crow (C. cornix). 24 birds from Hungary. Presented. [93. 3. 7, 1-24.] Spesimens shot by me during the excursions to the Neusiedler Lake after the 2nd International Ornitholozical Congress in 1891. 13 birds from Elopura in N.E. Borneo, collected by Mr. Harry Pryer. Presented. [93. 11. 26, 1-13.] 18 specimens from Equatorial Africa, collected by Emin Pasha, and on the Lower Congo by L. Petit. Presented. [93. 12. 2, 1-18.] 6 birds from Wells, Norfolk. Presented. [93. 12. 5, 1-6.] 8 birds from British Guiana, collected by H. Whitely. Presented. [93. 12. 9, 4-11.] 16 birds and 111 eggs from the neishbourhood of Christiansund and the Smolen Islands. Presented. [98. 6. 21, 1-64; 99. 8. 9, 1-63.] 6 birds and 53 eggs from the Sundal Valley, N. Norway. Presented. [99. 8. 15, 1-20; 1900. 8. 27, 1-33; 1901. 1. 30, 1-6.] 46 specimens of Cnaffinches from Bıighton. Presented. [1900. 2. 9, 1-46. By the rule of the Civil Service, which very properly prohibits the keeping of private collections of any group to the custody of which an oflicer is appointed, my series of African Passeres was transferred to the British Museum, as follows :— 474 specimens of Nectariniide, Sturnide, Caprimulgide, Oypselide, Hirundinide, Coraciide, Upupid&, Meropidz ; including 17 species new to the collection, with types of Anthreptes aurantia, Verr., Pholidornis rubrifrons, Sharp- and Ussher, Macrodiptery& sperlingi, Sharpe [= Cosmet- ornis vexillarius, 2 | Lamprocolius decoratus, Hartl., Lamprocolius porphyr- urus, Chetura ussheri, Sharpe, Tachornis gracilis (Sharpe), Hirundo domicella, Finsch and Hartl., Caprimulgus cinnamomeus, Sharpe, Hapo- loderma constantia, Sharpe and Ussher, Irrisor castaneiceps, Sharpe. Purchased through Mr. E. Gerrard. [74. 5. 1, 1-474.] 129 specimens of Alcedinide, Promeropide, including 3 species new to the collection, with the type of Promerops gurneyi, Verr. Purchased throush Mr. E. Gerrard. [74. 5. 16, 1-129.] 591 specimens of Campophagidz, Muscicapide, Laniide, Prionopide, Oriolidz, Dieruridz, Picide, with 18 species new to the collection, and the types of Pseudobias wardi, Sharpe, Artomyvas ussheri, Sharpe, Laniarius melanothorax, Sharpe, Lanicterus qwiscalimus, Finsch ; Cam- pophaga major, Sharpe. O. anderssoni, Sharpe, Stizorhina finschi, Sharpe, Artomyias ussheri, Sharpe ; Campothera striata, Layard. [75. 4.9, 1-591.] 750 specimens of Sylviide, Turdide, Zosteropide, Timelüide, Pyeno- notidz, Paridz, Alaudide, Motacillide, with 57 species new to the cul- lection, and types of the following, described by R. B.S., viz. ——Drymaca swanzüi, D. brachyptera, Baocerca flaviventris, Kögithalus caroli, Ora- teropus haynesi, Alethe castunonota, Geocichla crossleyi, Pyenonotus gabonensis, Illadopsis gularis, Oriniger verreauxi. |[16. 5. 23, 1-750.] 600 specimens of Turdidz, Coliide, Motacillide, Ploceide, Frin- gilide, wıth 20 species new to the collection, and types of many new forms, viz.:—Urobrachya bocagei, Poliopiza cerocopygia, Crithagra leu- coptera, Nigrita emiliz, N. uropygialis, Pytelia hypoyrammica. Purchased throuch Mr. E. Gerrard. [77. 7. 11, 1-600.] 364 specimens, principally Nectariniide, ineluding 10 syecies new to the collection, with thetype of Nectarinia fantensis, Sharpe | Anthothreptes " vorL. ıı. 9 482 Zoology. rectirostris (Shaw)]. Purchased through Mr. E. Gerrard. [78. 10. 26, 1-364.] 675 specimens of Ploceide, Fringillide, Psittacide, Ouculide, Capi- tonidz, ete., including 17 species new to the collection, and types of Ceuthmochares australis, Nigrita luteifrons, Hypochera nigerrima. Pur- chased through Mr. E. Gerrard. [78. 12. 31, 223-897.] Appointed Librarian to the Zoological Society of London in January 1867; resigned in January 1872; appointed Senior Assistant in Depart- ment of Zoclogy, British Museum, in September 1872; Assistaut Keeper, Department of Zoology, November 1895. See * Whv’s Who,’ 1905, pp. 1454-55. Shaw (Rev. G.). 30 birds from Betsileo, Madagascar. Purchased. [79. 6. 7, 1-30.] Upupa marginata was new to the collection. Shelford (R.), Director of the Sarawak Museum. 13 nestlings of Bornean birds. Presented. [1900.'7. 12, 1-5; 1900. 7.15, 1-8.] A specimen of Spilornis pallidus from Sarawak. Purchased. [1905. 11. 24, 1.] Shelley (Sir Epwarn), Bart. 50 specimens from Avington, Hants. [76. 6. 15, 1-50.] Nest and eggs of the Coot (Fulica atra), with the parent birds, from Avinston, Presented. This group is interesting as being the first of the series mounted to illustrate the nestinz habits of our British birds.. 'The nest was found by myself on the lake in Avington Park during a visit to my old friend Sir Edward Shelley. Shelley (Capt. G. E.). 7 birds from Accra on the Gold Coast. Presented. [72. 10. 25, 26-32. kn Shelley visited the Gold Coast with the late T. E. Buckley, and dixscovered some interesting new species of birds.. T'he winter home of our Nightingale and Wood-wren were for the first time discovered in West Africa. A memoir on the results of the expedition was published in the ‘Ibis’ for 1872 (pp. 281-295). 87 birds from various localities (Egypt, Gold Coast), and a few from Avington. Presented. [72. 12. 5, 1-40; 73. 11. 17, 15-16; 73.12. 3, 33-75. 37 IN EN from Avington. Presented. [73.1. 6, 1-37.] Captain Shelley had formed by this time a ınost interesting collection of African birds, which he allowed the Museum to acquire for a much less sum than he had spent on its formation. The first instalments of this great collection were added in 1889. 236 specimens of Starlings (Sturnidz and Eulabetidz), including the types uf Cosmopsarus unicolor, Shelley, Amydrus walleri, Shelley, Spreo hildebrandti, Sharpe. Purchased. [89. 3. 6, 1-236. 114 specimens of Woodpeckers (Piecid®). Purchased. [89. 3. 9, 1-114. us specimens of Barbets (Capitonide), including the types of Tricholema afiine (Shelley), Stactolema olivacea (Shılley), Melanobucco albicauda (Shelley). [89. 6. 20, 1-128.] Birds. 483 185 specimens of Cuckoos (Cuculide), including the types of Coceystes elbonotatus, Shelley, and Centropus natalensis, Shelley. Purchased. [89. 6. 25, 1-185.] 811 specimens of Weaver-Birds and Weaver-Finches (Ploceid), including many species new to the Museum, and types of the following :— Lagonosticta polionota, Shelley, L. jamesoni, Shelley, L. /andanz, Sharpe, Drobrachya zanzibarica, Shelley, Sharpia gurneyi (Sharpe), S. ayresi, Shelley, Malimbus rubropersonatus, Shelley. Purchased. [89. 7. 20, 1-551; 89. 7. 25, 1-260.] 207 Weaver-birds (Ploceide) and Larks (Alaudid®), including the type of Calandrella buckleyi, Shelley, “ Ibis,” 1873, p. 142. Purchased. [39. 9. 13, 1-207.] 273 specimens of Rollers (Coraciide), Hornbills (Ducerotide), and Bee-eaters (Meropidz), containing the type of Merops dresseri, Shelley, [= M. boehmi, Reichenow; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 83]. Purchased. [90. 5. 25, 1-66 ; 90. 6. 6, 1-66; 90. 6.10, 1-141.] 310 specimens of Plantain-eaters (Musophagidz), Kingfishers ( Alcedi- nidz), and Parrots (Psittacide). Purchased. [90. 7. 7, 1-64; 90. 10. 2, 1-64; 90. 10. 10, 1-73; 90. 12. 28, 1-110. 177 specimens of Hoopoes ( Upupide), Trogons (Trogonide&), Nightjars (Caprimulgidz), and Swilts (Cypselid), containing the types of Upupa somalensis, Salvin, Hapaloderma wittatum, Shellev, and Cypselus pallidus, Shelley. Purchased. [90. 12. 4, 1-48; 90. 12. 6, 1-12; 90. 12. 16, 1-112.] 161 specimens of Game-birds (Galliformes), including the type of Francolinus shelleyi, Grant. Purchased. [91. 5. 1, 1-161.] 290 specimens of Gulls (Lariformes), Petrels (Procellariiformes), Gannets, Frigate-birds, etc. (Pelecaniformes), Rails (Ralliformes), and Wading-birds (Charadriformes). Purchased. [91. 6. 18, 1-121; 91. 8. 1, 1-169.] 180 Pigeons (Columbiformes), including the type of Turtur sharpei, Shelley (= T. isabellinus, Bp.; cf. Salvadori, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., xxi., p- 400). Purchased. [92. 8. 2, 1-180.] 526 specimens of Herons and Storks (Ardeiformes), Geese and Ducks (Anseriformes), Birds of Prey (Accipitriformes), and Cormorants, Gannets (Pelecaniformes), et. Purchased. [93. 8. 4, 1-95; 94. 6. 16, 1-431.] 238 specimens of Crows, Orioles, Drongos, etc., including the type of Bradyornis modesta, Shelley. [94. 8. 16, 1-238.] 256 specimens of Cuckoo-Shrikes (Campophagid&) and Flycatchers (Muscicapidz), ineludinz the types of Hyliota australis, Shelley, and Erythrocercus thomsoni, Shelley. Purchased. [95. 5. 1, 1-286.] 377 specimens of Thrushes (Turdidz). Purchased. [95. 5. 1, 2837-663. ] 135 Bulbuls (Pyenonotide), including the type of Phyllostrophus sharpei, Shelley [= £. strepitans, Reichenow ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vi., p- 117.] [95. 5. 1, 664-798.] 597 specimens of Babbling-Thrushes ( Timeliide), including the types of Drymocataphus cleaveri, Shelley, Cichladusa rufipennis, Sharpe, Sphenzacus nutalensis, Shelley, 8. intermedius, Shelley, Apalis sharpei, Shillev, Dryodromas nigriceps, Shelley. [95. 5. 1, 799-1395.] 465 specimens of Ti's (Paride) and Shrikes (Laniide), including the types of Parus albiventris, Shelley, and P. wanthostomus, Shelley. [1905. 5, 1, 1396-1861. ] 291 specimens of Swallows (Hirundinidz), Wagtails, and Pipits (Motaceillide). Purchased. [95. 5. 1, 1862-2152.] 212 454 Zoology. 548 specimens of Sun-birds (Nectariniide) and White-eyes (Zostero- pide), including the types of Cinnyrıs bouvieri and Zosterops kirki. Purchased. [95. 5. 1, 2153-2700.] 424 specimens of Sun-birds (Neetariniid) and Finches (Fringillid), including the types of Nertarinia bocagei, Cinnyris nesophilus, O. micro- rhynchus, Emberiza orientalis. |[95. 9. 9, 1-424.] 151 specimens from Canada and Australia. Presented. [99. 1. 30, 1-145. Captain George Ernest Shelley is the youngest son of the late Sir Timothy Shelley, and from his boyhood was devoted to tbe study of ornithology. He made four expeditions to Erypt, and has written the standard work on the birds of that country, in 1370. He has since devoted himself to the study of African birds, and has visited the Gold Coast, the Cape Colony and Natal. On consenting to write a volume of the . ‘Catalogue of Birds,’ he parted with his private collection to the British Museum, which thus acquired one of the most celebrated collections of modern times. Shortridge (G. C.). See Bauston, W.E. Shufeldt (Dr. R. W.). 26 skeletons of North American birds. Purchased. [1902. 2. 2, 1-26. ] Siamese Royal Museum, Bangkok. 72 specimens from Siam, including the type of a new Grakle (Sturno- pastor floweri, Sharpe). Receivel in exchange from the Director, Capt. Stanley 8. Flower (q.v.). [97. 9. 1, 1-72.] Sibbald (Dr.). 35 birds from Port Essington. Presented. [45. 5. 21, 8-42.] Simons (Perry O.). See ROSENBERG. Mr. Simons was an American collector who travelled in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia, in which last-named country he was murdered. Sladen (Mrs. Percy). 443 birds and 192 skeletons, collected by Mr. A. Robert in Matto Grosso. Presented. [1903. 12. 20, 1-635.] ,„ —; H.@G. the Duke of Bedford, and the Hon. W. Rothschild. 402 birds, eggs and nests from Fernando Po, containing the types of three species new to science and to the national collection. Presented. [1904. 6. 22, 1-402.] Slater (Rev. H. H.). See RoYAL SocIETY. Sloggett (Col. A. T.), C.M.G. 1054 birds, eggs, and skeletons from Deelfontein, Cape Colony. Pre- sented. [1901. 9. 5, 1-81; 1903. 1. 6, 1-19; 1903. 3. 9, 1-54.] (f. Sharpe, Bull. B.0.C., xii., p. 1; öd., Ibis, 1903, pp. 1-29, 313-367, pl. viii. This collection was made for Colonel Sloggett by two of the Museum Birds. 485 taxidermists, ©. E. Seimund and Claude Grant, who joined the Imperial Yeomanry and fought throush the Boer War. T'he collection was made in the neighbourhood of Deelfontein, where Colonel Sloggett was the officer in charge of the Yeomanry Hospital. A full description was given by me in the Ibis (l.c.), and a new species of Bunting was named Fringillaria media. Smith (Dr. ALEXANDER). 5 birds from Old Calabar. Presented. |[77. 11. 23, 4-8.] Dr. Smith was a nmiissionary in Calabar, aud sent a few specimens in spirits to the Museum, among them being a remarkahle little bird which had white lobes on the gape, and l named it Zobornis alexandri after the discoverer. It has recenıly been proved that these white lobes are a sign of immaturiiy, and 2. alexandri is only the young of a Parmoptila, probably P. woodhousei. Smith (Lieut. A.). 30 birds and eggs from New Zealand and the Falkland Islands. Pre- sented. |43. 9. 16, 1-17; 43. 9. 26, 5-17.] Lieut. Smith was one of the oficers on board H.M.S. Erebus during the Antarctic Expedition. Smith (Sir AnDREW). 295 birds from South Africa. Purchased. [45. 7.6, 1-292; 48. 3. 21, 1-3.] Inceluded Smith’s types of Ploceus ocularius, P. aureoflavus, P. subaureus, P. tahatali, P. mariquensis, ‚Ploceipasser mahali, Poliozpiza gularis, Mirafra africana, Alemon semitorguata, Euryptila subein- namonea, Calamonastes fasciolatus, Scops canensis, Asio madagascariensis, A. capensis, Glaucidium capensis, Smithornis capensis, Cinnyris verreauxi, Caprimulgus natalensis. 14 birds from South Africa. Presented. [63. 3. 10, 1-14.] 68 birds from South Africa. Presented after his death. [72. 10. 4, 52-120.] Sir Andrew Smith was one of the early pioneers of travel into thethen unknown interior of South Africa. He discovered many new species, most of which he described in his “ Report of the Expedition for exploring Central Africa, from the Cape of Good Hope, June 23, 1834, under the superintendence of Dr. A. Smith. Published for the subscribers only. Printed a‘ the Government Gazette Oflice, Grave Street, Cape Town, 1836.” He also published some fur ther notes in the “ South African Quarterly Journal” (nos. i.-v., 1329-1831; 2nd series, nos. i-iv., 1833- 1834). While in South Africa he made the acquaintance of the Verreaux brothers, and his collections were mounted by Jules and Alexis Verreaux. On his return to England with the collections he had made, he onened an exhibition of the results of his travels at the Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, in 1837 (the hall Bullock had built for his Museum about the year 1811). A suide to the exhibition was called “ A Catalogue of the South African Museum, now exhibiting at the Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, the property of a society entitled “The Cape of Guod Hope Association for exploring Central Africa’ This catalogue may be had at the Hall, or of Smith, Elder & Oo., Cornhill, 1837. Price one shilling.” To the great chagrin of Sir Andrew, who had done so much hard work, and discovered such a number of new forms of animal life, the exhibition was a failure, and on the 6th of June, 1838, the sale of the 486 Zoology. collection was commenced by Messrs. J. C. and S. Stevens at their rooms in King Street, Covent Garden. 'I'he British Museum acquired most of the types, but a few passed into other hands. A number of skins from Sir Andrew Smith’s early expeditions were in the collections of Sir William Jardine and Mr. P. J. Selby, but I could not discover whether they were sent direct to these gentlemen by the explorer, or whether they were purchased at the sale above mentioned. Sir Andrew published a big work, entitled “ Illustrations of the Zoolozy of South Africa, consisting chiefly of figures and descriptions of the objects of Natural History collected during an expedition iuto the interior of South Africa in the years 1834, 1835, and 1836; fitted out by the ‘Cape of Good Hope Association for exploring Oentral Africa,’ ” 4to, London, 1838-1848 (Aves, plates 1-114). Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., liii., p. 15. Smith (Dr. A. DoxaLpson). 23 types of new species, collected in Somali Land. The collection made by Dr. Donaldson Smith was a very important one. It was worked out and described by myself (cf. Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1895, pp. 457-520, pls. xxvii., xxviii.), and the types of the new species were generously presented to the Museum by the explorer. The new species were described by me in the Vol. iv. of the “ Bulletin of the British Ornithological Club,” and were as follows :—— Spizocorys personata, Alaudula somalica, Dryoscopus rufinuchalis, Ntilaus minor, Bradyornis pumilus, ‘Melznornis schistacea, Eremomela Havierissatis, Cisticola somalica, Pycnonotus dodsoni, Phyllostrophus pauper, Argya saturata, Turacus donaldsoni, Lophoceros medianus, L. sibbensis. 104 specimens collected on Dr. Donaldson Smith’s expedition to Lake Rudolf. Presented. [1901. 6. 15, 1-104.] Many interesting species added to the Museum, including the types of Cossypha omoensis, Sharpe, and Ploceipasser donaldsoni, Sharpe. The collection was described by me in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological Society for 1901 (pp. 602-622, pl. xxxvi). Smith (Dr. A. Doxaupsoxn), Farnum (J. E.), and Farnum (GEB): 74 birds from the Khingan Mountains in Mongolia. Presented. [98. 11. 15, 1-74.] This collection was deseribed by me in the “Ornis” for 1901 (cf. Sharpe, Ornis, xi., pp. 155-172). Smith (F. C.). 8 birds, collected by the Rev. E. H. Hubbard at Nassa, in Speke Gulf, Victoria Nyanza, containing the type of Francolinus hubbardi, Grant. Purchased. [95. 3. 3, 1-8.] 7 birds, nests and eggs from Bathurst, Gambia. Presented. [1905. 9. 3, 1-7.] Smith (H.) 3 specimens of the Ptarmigan (Zagopus mutus) from Newtonmore, Scotland. Presented. [1905. 9. 8, 1-3.] Smith (METCcALFE). 93 birds from Australia, mostly from Queensland. Presented. [95. 4.2, 1-7; 99. 2. 10, 1-43.] Birds. 487 Smith (Dr. P. W. Bassett). 21 birds colleeted in N.W. Australia and Dammar Island in the Banda Sea, during the voyage of H.M.S. Penguin, including the types of Zosterops bassetti and Rhipidura büttikoferi (cf. Sharpe, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6), xiv., p. 57). Presented by tne Lords of the Admiralty. [92. 4. 4, 1-21.] Smith-Shand (Surgeon A. K.), R.N. A specimen of a Wren from Iceland ( Troglodytes borealis). Presented. 1904. 7.12, 1.] Smithsonian Institution, Washington. See also U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM. 48 birds from the West Indian Islands. Presented. [70. 4. 13, 1-48.] 4 birds from Arizona and New Mexico. Presented. Gymnokitta cyanocephala, Aphelocoma woodhousei, and A. ultramarina were new to the collection. These specimens were sent to aid in the preparation of vol. iii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” Sneed (Frank L.). 2 specimens of Gennzus rubripes from the Ruby Mines, Burma. Purchased. [1905. 12. 1, 1-2.] Söderstrom (L.). 157 birds from the Andes of Ecuador. Presented. [97. 11. 12, 1-157.] See also HaGGARD, W.H.D. South African Museum. 8 birds from South Africa. Purchased. [38. 6. 9, 1-98.] Included many types of species described by Sir Andrew Smith and others, among them those of Euplectes taha, Prionops talacoma, Schizorhis concolor, Ortygis lepurana, Francolinus natalensis, F. lechoho, F. swainsoni, Merula libonyana, Amadina erythrocephala, Megalopterus australis, Pyrrhulauda smithi, Philzterus lepidus, Mirafra africana, M. sabota, M. africanoides, M. cheniana, Erythropygia pena, Strix capensis. 149 birds from South Africa. Purchased. [41. 4. 808-834; 43. 2. 28, 21-122.] Included Smith’s types of Merops bullockoides, Pyrrhulauda australis, P. verticalis, Ammomanes ferruginea, Burnesia substriata, Spiloptila ocularia, Cisticola subruficapilla, ©. cherina, C. terrestris, (. aberrans, O. natolensis, O. cheniuna, Bubo capensis, Syrnium woodfordi, Cerchneis rupicoloides, Francolinus coqui, F. zephena, F. gariepensis, Spatula capensis, Krismatura maccoa. South African Museum, Cape Town (W. L. ScLATER, Director). 54 Cormorants (Phalacrowrax capensis) from Table Bay. Presented. [1905. 2. 5, 1-5.] Sowerby (J. LAWRENCE). 66 birds from the Fort Chiquaqua, Mashonaland. Purchased. [98.5. 2, 1-66.] 488 Zoology. This collection was made by a young trooper during the Matabele war, all the specimens being procured with a Mauser rifle, no gun or shot being available. A Barbet was new to science (Stactolema sowerbyi, Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 35, 1898). The collection was described by Mr. Sowerby in the “ Ibis ” for 1898 (pp. 567-575, pl. xüi.). Spanner and Co. (OLIVER). 5 Grouse au.d 3 Owls from Canada. Purchased. [96. 9. 7, 1-8.] Spatz (Mr.). 6 birds from Tunis, Oypselus koenigi and Caccabis spatzi being new to the collection. Purchased. [96. 9. 5, 1-6.] Sperling (Commander R. M.). 39 birds from the Congo. Presented. [73.9. 8, 1-39.] (/f. Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1873, pp. 716, 717. Commander Sperling saw service both on the east and west coasts of Africa, and was an excellent naturalist. He died suddenly of typhoid fever on his return fıom one of these cruises. (f. Obituary Notice (Ibis, 1874, p. 465). | Spring-Rice (Commander Hon. Francıs), R.N. 10 birds from Valencia Island, Ireland. Presented. [1904. 12. 24, 1-2; 1904. 12. 28, 1-8.] A Razor-bill (Alca torda) from Valencia Island, Ireland. Presented. [1905. 4. 27, 1.] Stanford (J. BENNET). 42 specimens from Somali Land, containing the type of Caprimulgus torridus, Lort Phillips, Bull. B.0.C., viii., p. 23 (1898). Presented. [98. 1. 14, 1-42.] Stanley (Capt. Owen). 219 specimens of birds, skulls, nests and eges, collected by Mr. John Macsillivray during the voyage of H.M.S. ZRattlesnake. Presented. [50. 7. 20, 14; 54. 12. 5, 135-315; 55. 4. 11, 1-25.] Capt. Stanley was in command of the Rattlesnake, and was a keen naturalist himself. Many new species were discovered during this voyage, one of the most interesting being Queen Victoria’s Rifle-bird (Ptilorhis vietorie). Stares (JOHN). 111 Cuckoos’ eggs, with the nests and eggs of the foster-parents, Meadow Pipits, from the beach near Portsmouth. Presented. [983.7. 3, 1-55; 95. 7. 13, 10-40; 96. 3. 18, 1-27.] Stares (Joms) and Earle (Epwarn). 24 specimens of Avocets and Black-tailed Godwits from Denmark, with eggs (for the Public Gallery). Presented. [1900. 6. 20, 1-24.] Steele Elliot. See ELLIOT. Steere (Prof. J. B.). 74 birds from Michigan. Presented. [76. 8. 21, 1-74.] 77 birds from the Philippine Islands, collected during Prof. Steere’s first expedition to the Archipelago. Purchased. [76. 8. 28, 1-77.] Birds. 489 These were duplicates from the first c.llection which was described by me ['Irans. Linn. Soc. (2) i., pt. vi., pp. 307-355, pls. xlvi.-Liv. (1877)]. 20 species were new to the Museum. 2650 birds, nests and eggs from the Philippine Archipelago, including the types procured by Prof. Steere and his companions during the second expedition to those ıslands. Purchased. [96. 4. 14, 1-88; 96. 4.7.15, 1-117; 96. 6. 6, 1-1445.] The following types of new species were includel in this series — Circus philippinensis, Penelopides mindorensis, P. basilanica, P. samarensis, Corvus samarensis, Oriolus basilanicus, Artamides min- dorensis, A. panayensis, Edoliisoma panayensis, Pseudolalage minor, Pericrocotus leytensis, Hypothymis samarensis, Uyanomyias helenz, Rhinomyias samarensis, Urthotomus panayensis, O. samarensis, Cıtto- cincla cebuensis, lole guimarasensis, ]. mindorensis, ]. siquijorensis, Poliolophus basilanicus, Macronus mindanensis, Ptilocichla basilanica, P. mindanensis, Zosterops basilanica, Cinnyris jugularis intermedia, C. guimarasensis, Arachnothera philippensis, Diezum besti, Prionochilus samarensis, Surcophanops samarensis, (eyx basilanica, C. samarensis, C. fluminicola, Thriponax philippensis, T. mindorensis, Chrysocolaptes rufopunctatus, Iyngipieus fulvifasciatus, I. leytensis, Centropus min- dorensis, Bolbopsittacus mindanensis, Loriculus worcesteri, L. siquijorensis, L. mindorensis, Prioniturus luconensis, P. mindorensis. Steet (G. CArRIcK). 18 birds from New Zealand. Presented. [95. 2.1, 1-18.] Stephens (G.). 52 specimens from Sierra Leone, Madeira, and the West Indies, including a speceimen of Thryothorus musicus new to the Museum. Presented. [94. 5. 23, 1-52.] Stevens (SAMNUEL). 64 specimens from various localities. Purchased. [48. 11. 21, 1-17; 50. 8. 14, 1-24; 51. 4. 29, 1-23.] 86 skeletons, chiefly of British Birds. Purchased. [49. 11. 13, 21-57; 51. 12. 23, 9-13; 52. 1. 23, 11-39; 52. 2. 28, 8-12.] 17 specimens from Bolivia, probably collected by T. Bridges. Purchased. [51. 5. 23, 7-23.] 27 specimens from the River Amazon, collected by Wallace and Bates. Purchased. [51. 10. 3, 1-20.] 9 birds and eges from the Himalayas, “from Major Charlton’s collection.” Purchased. [52. 9. 4, 1-9.] 44 specimens from Boyotä, U. 8. Colombia. Purchased. [53. 10. 30, 1-44. 24 birds and esgs from Greenland, collected by Governor Holboell, including the type of Hierofalco holboelli, Sharpe, as well as the eggs. Purchased. [53. 12. 21, 1-9; 53. 12. 29, 1-15.] 26 birdsfiom Ceylon. Purchased. [54. 1. 12, 1-15; 54. 3. 15, 1-4.] 127 birds from Bogotä. Purchased. [54. 1. 25, 1-127.] 50 specimens from South America. Purchased. [56. 1. 31, 1-50.] 50 specimens from the island of Lombok, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [87. 6. 13, 1-50.] This was the first collection sent from the Malay Archipelago by Dr. Russel Wallace. The understanding between the traveller and George Robert Gray was, that the latter should describe the collections in their 490 Zoology. entirety, which was done. The first set Dr. Wallace retained for himself, and the second set was to go to the British Museum. These separate series were selected by the traveller, and the types of the new species remained in the care of Mr. Samuel Stevens, until tbe return of Dr. Wallace. When he came back to England after his wonderful expedition to the Malay Archipelago, he settled in London, and I remember having an introduction to him from a friend, and visiting him in the Gloucester Road, Regent’s Park. I was then working at my “Monograph of the Kingfishers,” and I remember his showing me his private collection of these birds—many species of Tunysiptera, which I had never seen before; and his generous conduct in lending me his specimens to figure in my “Monograph ” will never be forgotten by me. Never had any tyro such a good friend as Dr. Wallace proved to be in my case. 38 specimens from the River Amazon, collected by Mr. H. W. Bates. Purchased. [57. 10. 14, 1-38.] 74 specimens from Makassar, Celebes, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [57. 8. 3, 4-19; 58. 12. 2, 39-96. ] Many species new to the collection: Gazzola typica, Macroptery& wallacei, Hypothymis puella, Geocichla erythronota, Lalage leucopygialis and Penelopides exarrhatus. 22 specimens from Orizaba, Mexico. Purchased. [57. 12. 22, 1-22.] 56 specimens from the River Amazon and River Javari, collected by H. W. Bates. Purchased. [58.1. 11, 1-37; 58..4. 27, 34-52. Many species new to the Museum, viz.: Thamnophilus melanurus, T. plumbeus, T. leuconotus, Hypocnemis cantator, H. leucophrys, H. theresz, H. myiotherina, Pygoptila maculipennis, Pteroglossus humboldti. 150 specimens from the Aru Islands and Key Islands, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [58. 3. 10, 1-150.] 16 birds from Amboina, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace, including Oyanaleyon lazuli new to the collection. Purchased. [59. 3.25, 1-5; 59. 3. 30, 1-11.] 74 birds from Dorey, New Guinea, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [59. 4. 5, 1-7.] Several species new to the collection, e.g., Corone orru, Gymnocoras senex, Pseudorrhectes ferrugineus, Chalcophaps stephaniand Mino dumonti. 24 birds from Mozambique, collected by Dr. Gueinzius. Purchased. [59. 5. 21, 1-24.] 4 specimens of Semioptera wallacei from Batchian, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [59. 6. 13, 1-4.] 39 specimens of birds from New Üaledonia, collectted by John MacGillivray. Purchased. [59. 6. 14, 1-39]. Several species new to the Museum, viz., Artamus melanoleucus, Symmorphus nzvius, Merula xzanthopus, Aplonis striata, Pachycephala xantherythrea, with the type of Myiagra melanura, Gray. 54 birds, 12 nests and 25 eggs from Natal, collected by Dr. Gueinzius. Purchased. [60. 1. 19, 1-90.] 103 birds from the island of Batchian in the Moluccas, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [60. 2. 4, 1-103.] This collection added to the Museum the following species: Ceyx uropygialis, Alcyone afiinis, Hermotimia auriceps, Diezum schistaceiceps, Lalage aurea, Melitoyrais giloloensis, Carpophaga basilica, Graucalus papuensis, Piezorhynchus nigrimentum, JPitta cyanonota and P. rufiventris. Birds. 491 14 birds from Siam and Cambodia, collected by M. Mouhot, and eontaining the type of Garrulaxw mouhoti, Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 444 (1883). Purchased. [60. 7. 2, 3-16 ] 79 birds from Timor, E. Gilolo, Ternate, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [60. 9. 5, 1-79.] T'he following species were new tothe collection : Oreicola melanoleuca, Megaloprepia formosa, Eulipoa wallacei, Aprosmictus hypophonius, Pitta maxima, Rhipidura rufiventris, Philemon timoriensis. 46 birds from Uelebes, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [60. 9. 6, 1-46.] The following were new to the collection : Ptilopus qgularis, P. formosus, Curpophaga radiata, Myristieivora luctuosa, Macropygia albicapilla, Chalcophops stephani, Coracias temmincki, Pelargopsis melanorhyncha, Lyncornis macropterus, Seissirostrum dubium, Prioni- turus platurus and Hypotznidia celebensis. 52 eugs of Indian bırds.. Purchased. [60. 11. 10, 1-52.] 27 birds from Ceram, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [60. 12. 6, 1-27.] Among this series were the following species new to the collection: Baza reinwardti, Philemon subcorniculatus, Ceyx lepida, and Eelectus cardinalis. 116 birds from Ceram, Waision, Mysol, etc., collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [61. 12. 11, 1-116.] T'he following species new to the collection : Philemon nov& guinee, Rhectes uropygialis, BR. cerviniventris, Pseudorhectes leucorhynchus, P. Ferrugineus, Machserorhynchus albifrons, Monarcha nigrimentum, Piezo- rhynchus aruensis, P. guttulatus, Todopsis wallacei, Miereca flavovires- cens, kdoliisoma schistaceiceps, Pachycephala griseonota, Collocalia esculenta, Puradisea sanguinea and Geoffroyus rhodops. 114 specimeus from East Timor, collectted by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purcnased. [62. 3. 20, 1-114.] Ptilotis maculata, Philemon inornatus, Myzomela vulnerata, Diezum mackloti, Halcyon australasie, Rhipidura semicollaris, R. rufiventris, Ptistes jonquilaceus, Artamides personatus, Pachycephala calliope, Lalage timoriensis, Turacena modesta, and (Geopelia maugei, were new to the collection. 35 birds from Morotai, Gilolo, Ternate, New Guinea, Salawati, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [69. 2. 11, 1-35.] Tanysiptera doris, ZEluredus buccoides, Locustella fasciolata, Todopsis eyanocephala, Erythrura trichroa, Piezorhynchus bimaculatus, Oriolus pheochromus, Oriniger chloris, Philemon fuscicapillus, Lycocoras pyrrhopterus, Oyclopsittacus desmaresti, Ptilopus monachus, Henicophaps albifrons, Habroptila wallacei, and Eutrygon terrestris were new to the collection. 30 birds from the Sula Islands, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Loriculus sclateri, Psitteuteles flavoviridis, Oriolus frontalis, Oriniger longirostris, Pitta crassirostris, Pelargopsis melanorhynchus, Chibia pectoralis, Artamus monachus, Hypotznidia suleirostris, and Rallina minahassa were new to the collection. Purchased. [62. 12. 21, 1-30.] 27 birds from Formosa, collected by Consul R. Swinhoe : Bambusicola sonorivox, Myiophoneus insularis, Trochalopterum taivanum, Pomato- rhinus musicus, P. erythrocnemis, Dendrocopus insularis, Pericrocotus griseigularis, and Hypsipetes nigerrimus were new to the collection. Purchased. [63. 2. 16, 1-27.] 15 birds from Bouru, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace: Pitta rubrinucha, 499 Zoology. Rhipidura bouruensis, Monarcha loricata, Philemon moluecensis, Oriolus bouruensis, Edolüisoma marginatum, Oriniger mystacalis, Athene hantu, Myristieivora melunura, Tanygnathus affinis, and Ninox squamipila were new to the collection. Purchased. [63. 2. 16, 29-43.] 25 birds from Gaboon, collected by P. Du Chaillu: Camaroptera brevicaudata, Nigrita luteifrons, Pyrenestes coccineus, Alethe castanea, and Turdinus fulvescens were new to the collection. Purchased, [63. 12. 15, 1-25.] 25 birds from Flores, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace: Rhipidura diluta, Pachycephala fulvotineta, Teniopygia insularis, Sporzginthus Slavidiventris, Zosterops aureifrons, Diczum ignifer, Osmotreron floris and Aceipiter sylvestris were new to the colleciion. Purchased. [63. 12. 16, 1-25.] 29 birds from various Molucca Islands, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [65. 9. 7, 1-29.] 8 birds from Damaraland, collected by Mr. C. J. Andersson. Lanio- turdus torquatus new to the collection. Purchased. [65. 9. 9, 1-8.] 16 birds from Turkey in Europe, and Asia Minor, collected by T. Robson. Purchased. [65. 9. 10, 1-16.] 11 birds from various localities.. Purchased. [65. 9. 18, 1-11.] 49 birds from Japan, colleeted by Capt. St. John. Purchased. [65. 11. 29, 1-49.] 36 birds from Mohambo, Madasascar, collected by Mr. Gerrard (cf. Newton, P.Z.S., 1865, pp. 833-837). Purchased. [66. 5. 5, 1-36.] 38 birds from Port Albany, N. Australia. Purchased. [65. 5. 7, 1-38.] 19 birds from Southern Africa, collected by C. J. Andersson. Purchased. [66. 7. 19, 1-19.] Stewart (Lieut. A. T.), R.N. A specimen of the flightless Merganser (Mergus australis) from the Aukland Islands. Preseuted. [1904. 4. 30, 1.] Stirling (Mrs.). 21 birds from India and South Africa. Presented. [87. 2. 12, 1-21.] Mrs. Stirling is the daughter of the late Mr. Arthur Grote, who wrote an excellent memoir of his friend Edward Blyth (ef. Journ. A. 8. Beng., Extra No., August, 1875). The few bird-skins which she found amongst her father’s effects contained specimens of some rare African Bustards. Stokes (Capt. ), R.N., H.M.S. Acheron. 140 birds from New Zealand. Presented. [49. 12. 12, 1-47; 52.1. 17.3.931 T'hese specimens were collected by Dr. Lyall. Among them are the types of Xenicus stokesi and T’urnagra erassirostris, new to the collection. 5 birds in spirit from New Zealand. Presented. [53. 2. 14, 37-41.] Storey (C. B.). 55 birds from British East Africa. Presented. [1904. 2. 1, 1-11; 1904. 4. 8, 1-27; 1904. 4. 14, 1-17.] Contained a specimen of Laniarius cathemagmenus, new to the eollection. 48 birds in spirit from Florida. Presented. [1904. 5. 13, 1-24; 1904. 5. 14, 1-24.] Birds. 495 Stoliczka (Dr. F.). 6 birds from the N.W. Himalayas. Presented. [67. 9. 24, 1-6.] Of. Pelzeln, Ibis, 1868, pp. 302-321. Dr. Stoliczka travelled in many parts of India and the Malay Peninsula, and collected everywhere. He was also attached to the Second Yarkand Mission and made a valuahle collection of birds. (Of. Ibis, 1866, p. 412, 186%, p. 302, 1869, p. 208, 1871,p. 474; Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1870, p. 277, 1872, p.120; Stray Feathers, i., p- 425; i., p. 461, 462; iii., pp. 251-220. Of. Obituary, Ibis, 1874, pp. 470, 471; Stray Feathers, ii., pp. 2-8. Stone (Ocravıus C.). 25 specimens from S.E. New Guinea. Purchased. [77. 2.9, 1-25.] Mr. Stone’s collection was described by me (Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., xiii., pp. 486-505), and the following new species were described : Spheco- theres salvadorii, Diezum rubrocoronatum, ZElurcedus stonei, Gerygone cinerascens and Janthenas rawlinsoni (=Columba albigularis, Bp. cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 313). (f. “A few months in New Guinea,” by O.C. Stone, 8vo, London, 1880, 258 pp. Strachan (Lieut.-Col.). 18 birds from the River Gambia. Presented. [76. 6. 1, 1-18.] Strader (Dr.). See GERRARD, E. Strange (F.). Collected in New Zealand and Australia, and made beautiful skins. I have not been able to find out any records of his career, but I can remember that Mr. Gould always spoke of him with high appreciation as a coilector. Stuart (H. E. JoHNsToNE). Two specimens of the Nubian Bustard (Lissotis nuba) from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented. [1904. 8. 9, 1-2.] Sturt (Capt. CHARLES). 124 birds from the interior of Australia, including the type of Oinclosoma cinnamomeum, Gould. Presented. [46. 5. 22, 1-124.] These specimens were procured by Captain Sturt on his adventurous journey into the interior of the Australian continent (cf. Dict. Nat. Biogr., lv., p. 136). Sturt (Gen. Narıer), CB. 28 specimens from India and Abyssinia. Presented. [78. 3. 8, 1-28.] General Sturt served in the expedition to Magdala, and procured some species of birds which supplemented the collections made by Dr. Blanford and Mr. Jesse. 'T'hese he presented to the Museum. Styan (F. W.). 23 specimens from Shanghai and Szechuen. Presented. [87. 3. 8, 1-23.] Types of Pomatorhinus styani and Trochalopteram einereiceps, new to the Museum. , 494 Zoology. 105 specimens from Kiukiang. Presented. |90. 12. 24, 1-42; 94.2, 17, 1-63. 10 from Szechuen, Ichang, Chefoo, etc. Presented. [99. 2, 22, 1-10. Mr. AR is a well-known authority on the birds of the Chinese Empire, and the following are some of the most important of the memoirs which he has written on the subjeet :— On a new species of Trochalopteron (Ibis, 1887, p. 166-168, pl. vi.). On a collection of birds from Foochow (Ibis, 1857, p. 216-234). Some notes on and additions to the Chinese Avifauna (Ibis, 1889, pp. 443-446). On the birds of the lower Yangtse Basin, Part I. (Ibis, 1891, pp. 316-359). On the birds of the lower Yangtse Basin, Part II. (Ibis, 1891, pp. 481-510). On five apparently new species of birds from Hainan (Ibis, 1893, pp. 54-57). Descriptions of Pyenonotus taivanus and Diczum cyanonotum (Ibis, 1893, pp. 469-470). Notes on the ornithology of China (Ibis, 1894, pp. 329-337, pl. ix.). On some Chinese species of the genus Alcippe (Ivıs, 1896, pp. 309-312). Description of Chrysophlegma ricketti, n. sp., Bull. B.O.C., vii., p- 40 (1898). Additions to the list of Lower Yangtse birds (t. c., pp. 286-289). On birds from West China (Ibis, 1599, pp. 287-300). Descriptions of three new species of birds from China (Bull. B.O.C., viii, p. 26 (1899). On the occurrence of Nyeticorax magnifica in the Anhwei, Province of China (Ibis, 1902, p. 164). Sudbury Museum. 42 birds from Bahia. Purchased. [43.11. 27,2-41; 43.11. 29, 3-4.] Sushkin (Dr. P.). 16 birds from Russia, including two specimens of Fierofalco cherrug from the Province of Tula. Presented and exchanged. [1901, 1. 26, 1-16. “ Sushkin spent some time in England in 1900, and studied the collection of Aceipitres in the British Museum. He bas published several important papers on the Birds of Prey. Swan (Messrs.). 12 specimens from the Gran Chaco, Argentina. Purchased. [99. 11. 12, 1712] Swanzy (ANDREW). 31 specimens from the Gold Coast, including the type of Diaphorophyia blissetti. Presented. [72. 10. 26, 33-45; 73.1. 28, 1-18.] Swaysland (W.). 44 specimens from Brighton. Purchased. [83. 10. 20, 1-44.] The Swayslands, father and sons, were well-known Brighton natura- lists, and contributed much to the history of our native birds. Seebohm made many excursiouns with them, and I spent a month bird-catching in November 1894, one of the most interesting experiences I ever had. Birds. 495 T'bey watched the spring and autumn migrations for a series of years, and many species were detected by them for the first time in England. Some of their rarest captures passed into the collection of Mr. T. J. Monk, of Lewes. Swinhoe (Col. CHARLES). 341 birds from the neighbourhood of Kandahar, Afghanistan. Presented. [81. 12.1, 1-341.] (/. Colonel Swinhoe’s paper on the Birds of Southern Afghanistan, (Ibis, 1882, pp. 95-126). 332 birds from Mhow, Central India. Presented. [84. 10. 8, 1-332.] Qf. C. Swinhoe and H. E. Bırnes’ paper on the Birds of Central India, (Ibis, 1885, pp. 52-69, 124-138). Colonel Swinhoe is a well-known Indian zoologist, who made some useful and interesting collections of birds, which he gave to the Museum, having been always an enthusiastic contributor to the National Collection. Swinhoe (Consul RoBErT). 4 British birds and 5 nests with eggs. Presented. [54. 5. 29, 1-9.] 16 specimens from Amoy. Presented. [58. 6. 18, 1-16.] 23 speciimens from Hainan. Purchased. [71. 3. 21, 1-23.] 8 species new to the collection, viz., Micropternus holroydi, Hemizus castanonotus, Jvus hainanus, Criniger pallidus, Hypsipetes perniger, Garrulax monachus, Hthopyga christine, Aruchnechthra rhizophore. 22 specimens of Birds uf Prey from China. Purchased. [74. 2. 21, 14-26; 74. 3. 26, 1-9.] A few specimens were purchased by the Museum from the collections of Chinese birds made by Consul Swinhoe, as occasion offered. His private collection was purchased, after Swinhoe’s death, by Mr. Henry Seebohm, and was bequeathed to the nation with the rest of his collection by the latter. The following is a list of the papers published by Robert Swinhoe: — Notes on some new species of birds found on the Island of Formosa. Journ. North China Branch R. As. Soc. (Shanghai), May 1859. Ornithology of Amoy (China). Ibis, 1860, pp. 45-68, 89, 130, 357-861. On Chinese birds. £.c., pp. 428, 429. Notes on the Ornithology ot Hong Kong, Macao and Canton, made during the latter end of February, March, April and the beginning of May, 1860. Ibis, 1861, pp, 23-57. Notes on some birds observed about Talien Bay (N. China), from June 21 to July 25, 1860. L.c., pp. 251-262. On the Ornithology of Amoy and Foochow. £.c., pp. 262-268. Notes on Ornithology taken between Takoo and Peking, in the neishbourhood of Peiho River, Province of Chelee, North China, from August to December, 1860. £.c., pp. 323-045. Ornithological ramble in Foochow, in December, 1861. Ibis, 1862, pp- 253-269. On some Tientsin birds collected by Mr. Fleming, R.A., in the possession of Mr. Whiteley. P.Z.S., 1862, pp. 315-325. Additions and Corrections to the Ornithology of Northern China. Ibis, 1863, pp. 87-97, pl. iii. The Omithology of Formosa, or Taiwan. £.c.,, pp. 198-219, pl. v.; 250-311, pl. vi.; 377-435. Notes on the Ornithology of Northern Japan. f.c., pp. 442-447, 496 Zoology. On new and little-known birds from China. P.Z.S., 1863. pp. 87-94. On the species of E inhabiting China and Japan, with the description of a new species. pp. 203- "205. Catalogue of the birds of la with remarks prineipally on their geosraphical distribution. £.c., pp. 259-339. Örnitholosical notes from Formosa. Ibis, 1866, pp. 292-316, pl. ix., 392-406, pl. xi. Descriptions of four new species of Formosan birds; with further notes on the Ornitholo:y of the Isiand. Ibis, 1564, pp. 361-370, 413-418. A voice on Ornithology from Formosa. Ibis, 1866, pp. 129-138, )l. v. Ornithological notes from Formosa. Ibis, 1866, pp. 392-406, pl. xi. Jottings on birds from my Amoy Journal. Ibis, 1867, pp. 226- 237, 385-413. Örnithological notes from Amoy. Ibis, 1868, pp. 52-65. On the Ornithology of Hainan. 1bis, 1870, pp. 77-97, 230-256, 342-367, pls. iv., ix., X. On the Pied Wagtails of China. P.Z.S., 1870, pp. 120-124, 129 and 150. On a new species of Accentor from North China. £.c., pp. 124 and 125, pl. ix. Descriptions of seven new species of birds procured during a eruise up the River Yangtsze. £.c., pp. 131-136, pl. xi. On the Plovers of the genus "Fyialites found in China. d.c., pp- 136-142, pl. xii. Zoolosical notes of a journey from Canton to Peking and Kalgan. t.c., pp. 427-451. "List of birds collected by Mr. Cuthbert Collingwood during a cruise in the China and Japan Seas, with notes. £.c., PP. 600-604. On a new Chinese Gull. P.Z.S., 1871, pp. 273-275, pl. xxii. A revised catalogue of the birds of China and its islands with descrip- tions of new species, references to former notes, and occasional remarks. t.c., pp. 337-428. "Deseriptions of two new Pheasants and a new Garrulax from Ningpo, China. P.Z.S., 1872, pp. 550-554. Ona Scaup Duck found in China. P.Z.S., 1873, pp. 411-413. On the White Stork of Japan. Z.c., pp. 512 and 513. On the Long-tailed Jay of Northern China with further notes on Chinese Omithology. t£.c., pp. 687-690. On a Black Albatros of the China Seas. £.c., pp. 784-786. On a new species of Little Bittern from China. Ibis, 1873, pp. 73, 74, 1:31. - On a new Chinese Owl of the genus Aetupa. £.c., pp. 127-129. On the Rosy Ibis of China and Japan (Ibis nippon). t.c., pp. 249-253. Notes on Chinese Ornithology. £.c., pp. 361-372. Notes on Chinese Ormithology. Ibis, 1574, pp. 266-270, pl. x. On some birds from Hakodadi, in Northern Japan £.c., pp. 150-166. Ornithological notes made at Chefoo (Province of Shantung, North China). £.c., pp. 422-447, pl. xiv., 1875, pp. 114-140, pl. iii. On a new form of Reed-bird from Kastern Asia, Ibis, 1877, pp. 203- 205, pl. iv. On a new bird from Formosa. f.c., pp. 473-476, R" iv. Obituary. Ibis, 1878, pp. 126- 128. el A Birds. 497 Swinny (H. H.). 32 birds from West Pondo Land. Purchased. [1904. 6. 4, 1-21; 1904. 7.5, 1-11.] Sydney Museum. See AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM. Taylor (J.). 21 birds from Mexico. Presented. [41. 6, 1524-1544.] A MS. note by Dr. J. E. Gray adds: “Who received them from Mr. Morgan, of the Rio del Monte Cemp. They were examined and said to be described by Mr. Swainson.” Taylor (EpwAarp CavenDisn). 1279 birds and 868 egsgs from various localities, chiefly from Egypt and the Mediterranean. Bequeathed. [1905. 6. 28, 1-1279.] Of. Ibis,1905, pp. 498-500. Thackeray (F.). 11 birds, 3 from Ireland, 8 from Cape Colony. Presented. [84. 7. 24, 1-11.] Thomas (OLprIELp), F.R.S. 6 birds collectei in the Province of Antioquia, U.S. Colombia, by Mr. A. E. Pratt. Presented. [98. 10. 6, 1-6.] 7 birds from California. Presented. [1904. 4. 24, 1-7]. Thomasson (J. P.). 18 specimens from Hainan, collected by the late John Whitehead. Presented. [1900. 1. 2, 1-18.] Mr. J. P. Thomasson was the son of Thomas Thomasson of Bolton. He was born May 19th, 1841, and died May 16th, 1904. His father was a staunch supporter and personal friend of Richard Cobden, and Mr. Thomasson became an executor under Mr. Cobden’s will. In 1876 Mr. Thomasson founded one hundred Exhibitions and Scholarships to the value of £25 a year, tenable for three years. By this scheme he constructed an educational ladder by which the children of the working classes in Bolton could pass from any Elementary school to the best Secondary school available, and ultimately to the Universities. In 1877 he was presented with the Grand Cordon of Takova by Prince Milan of Servia, as a recognition of his gifts to the Servians when down- trodden and oppressed by the Sultan. In 1880 he was elected Liberal M.P. for Bolton, which he represented until the following election in 1885. In 1881 he purchased and pre- sented Mere Hall and the surrounding estate, with a further gift of £5000 for a public park and Museum, to the town of Bolton. In the same year he presented the Haulgh Board-School to the town, and also founded the T’homasson Gymnasium. In 1902 the Freedom of the Borough of Bolton was conferred upon him. Throuzhout his life the late Mr. Thomasson maintained the deepest interest in the welfare of his fellow-townsmen in Bolton. By large yearlv grants of money he made it possible for students at Elementary schools to pass into higher “Secondary ” schools, and on to a University training; an aivantage to which many now owe their high positions in the voL. 11. 2 K 498 Zoology. world. A similar scheme was founded by him a little later by which the same advantages were placed within the reach of pupil teachers in Elementary scuools, one of the largest Elementary schools in the Borough being erected at his sole expense. Soon after the establishment of a Natural History Museum in the town, he purchased from Mr. Starkie Gardner of Folkestone his collection of fussils from the Gault, Greensand and Chalk—about 1500 carefully prepared examples—and presented them to the instıtution. Again, in 1894, he purchased a fine collection of British Lepidoptera, containing about 7500 speeimens, and gave them to the town. This formed a strong nucleus, round which has grown the present Museum collection of Entomological specimens. In 1904 he acquired an exceedinglv fine colleetion of British birds” egas, formed by a Boltonian, Mr. F. W. Peaples, and until his death Mr. Thomasson was busily engaged in arranging them. Unfortunately he did not live to finish the work, but he left the entire collection, with the cabinets containing it, to the Museum. It includes 1700 clutches of eggs, and over 7000 specimens, as well as 200 nests of British birds. Par- ticularly interesting are the very full sets of Guckoo’s eggs with those of the foster-parents, of which there are 70 sets, with the eggs of 30 species of foster-parent. The examples of the eggs of Guillemots, Ospreys and Plovers are also very complete and valuable. The Mere Hall Art Gallery, opened in 1891, was another of Mr. Thomasson’s gifts to the town of Bolton, and this he supplemented by a grant of £1000 towards the purchase of artistic objects. The Mere Hall was a family mansion standing in a park of about 8 acres, which Mr. Thomasson pnrchased and presented to the town for an open space, now known as the Thomasson Park; and he afterwards gave a sum of £6000 towards the adajtation of the Hall for the purposes of an Art Gallery and Branch-Library. Mr. Thomasson took great interest in Zooloey, and travelled much in Norway and Lapland. He was also one of the subscribers to the White- head Expedition to Hainan. Hısdonation included the types of Harpactes hainanus, Lepocestes hainanus, Ohrysophlegma styani, and Dryonastes castanotis. Thompson (ARTHUR). A mounted pair of Elliot’s Pheasant (Calophasis ellioti). Purchased. [80. 3. 9, 1-2.] A mounted pair of the Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago). Preseuted. Thornhill (T. B. CLArke). 16 birds from the N.-W. Himalayas. Presented. [1904. 6. 19, 1-16.] Thwaites (T.). See Cumıne, Hvcn. Treacher (Sir Wıruıam Hoop), K.C.M.@. See GERRARD, E. When in Labuan as Acting-Governor, Sir W. Treacher made collec- tions in that island and on the Lawas River, and on Mt. Kina Balu. He discovered Hzmatortyx sanguiniceps, Bambusicola hyperythra, Dendro- eitta cinerascens. He presented his collection to the Oxford Museum. Birds. 499 Treasury, Lords of the. ‚See FEILDEn, H. W.; HART, H.C. Trevelyan (Major HERBERT). 168 birds from the district of Kingwilliamstown, South Africa. Presented. [76.3. 19, 1-9; 76.6.8, 1-6; 76.12. 5,13; 77.1. 20, 1-43; 77.7. 28, 1-20; 77. 10.15, 21-95; 79. 8.1, 1-6; 80. 11. 4, 1-8.] 4 birds and 2 exes from Loch Erne, Ireland, and from. Devonshire. Presented [1905. 6. 25, 1-3; 1905. 9. 7, 1; 1905. 11. 4, 1; 1905. 117.0.941] During his service in South Africa, Major Trevelyan collected extensively, and gave many interesting species of birds to the Museum. Trevor-Battye (A. B. R.). 23 birds from Spitsbergen. Presented. [97. 2. 28, 1-23.] Mr. 'I'revor-Battye is well known for his travels in Northern Europe, and his adventures in Kolguev are described in his book “ Ice-bound in Kolguev,” 4to, 1895. Qf. also “ Who’s Who,” 1905, p. 1620. Tristram (Canon H. B.), D.D., F.R.S., etc. 265 specimens from Palestine. Purchased. [64. 11. 22, 1-265.] Of. Tristram, P.Z.S., 1864, pp. 426-456; id., Fauna and Flora of Palestine, 4to. 41 specimens from various Parific islands (Fiji group, New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands, etc.) Purchased. [79. 3. 5, 6-24; 80. 8. 10, 1-12; 82 5. 29, 1-10.] These were duplicates from Mr. E.L. Layard’s collection, the first set, with the types, being purchased by Mr. Seebohm, and bequeathed by him to the British Museum. Some of Mr. Layard’s collections were sent to Canon Tristram for description, and many of the duplicates were offered to the Museum, which thus acquired several rare species new to the National Collection, such as Turdus pritzbueri, Olytorhynchus pachycephaloides, Myiagra luguiei, Pachycephala littayei, Erythrura eyaneifrons, Zosterops inornata, Z. minuta, Myzomelu lifuensis, Graucalus lifuensis, and Megapodius layardi, etc. Cf. Layard, Ibis, 1878, pp. 265-280; 'Iristram, Ibis, 1879, pp- 180-195, pls. iv.-vi. 27 birds from the Solomon Islands, and the New Hebrides, collected by Lieut. Richards. Purchased. [80. 2. 10, 1-5; 81. 11. 14, 1-21.] Canon Tristram was born under the shadow of the Cheviot Hills, and passed his early life in Northumberland. He early developed a taste for natural history study, and did much field-work in company with his father’s friends, the late Ralph Carr-Ellison of Hedgely and J.C. Langlands of Old Bewick. The inclinatious of the lad towards natural history may have been hereditary, as he is a great nephew of the Hon. Daines Bar- rıngto , Gilbert White’s correspondent. "Like other boys, he began by making a collection of birds’ eggs, and before the aue of fittven he had taken with his own hands, and within a walk of his home, the egss of the Kite, Buzzard, Marsh Harrier, Hen Harrier, Peregrine Falcon, and Raven. At school and at Oxford he actively cherished his love fur ornithology and entomolory, having as a boy at Durham School practised taxidermy under old William Proctor, the Öurator of the Museum, who had made several expedi'ions to Iceland. After leaving cullege, 'Iristram went to voL. I. I 500 Zoology. Switzerland for six months, and resumed his lessons in taxidermy with a Mr. Linder, a naturalist of Geneva, who once disposed of a speeimen of the Great Auk for £5! Entomology occupied his attention more than omitholugy, though he studied the habits of the Nutcracker, Wall- Creeper and Alpine Accentor. A year was »pent in Italy, notable for a visit to Savi at Pisa. Ou his rerıurn to England he held a curacy in Devonshire, where he met with many species of birds unknown in his native Norihumbria. Ill-health compelled him to go abroad, and he became acting Naval and Military Chaplain in Bermuda. Here he found several keen ornithologists, who became his life-long friends, Colonel H. Drummond-Hay, the first President of the British Ornithologists’ Union, Colonel Wedderburn, J. L. Hurdis, and Sir J. Campbell Orde, of which little band of workers Canon 'Iristram is the sole surviver. They all collaborated in working at the subject of migration of birds, and during the whole time of his stay in Bermuda, Tristram kept up a continual correspondence with Sir William Jardine, while he formed the nucleus of his great collection of birds, increased during a six menths’ tour through the United States and Canada. Canon Tristram ıeturned to England in 1849 to the rural parish of Castle Eden, Durham, a unique collecting ground for botany and entomology. In 1852 he made an excursion into Norwegian Lapland, finding the nests of the Great Snipe, Bar-tailled Godwit and Green Sandjiper, the eges of which were figured in the second edition of Hewitson’s work. Ill-health, however, soon made him an irregular migrant. He spent two ycars ın Alseria and the Sahara, and a third in vachting in the Eastern Mediterranean with his friend William Gibbs. 'I'hese three years gave the naturalist a rare opportunity of observing and collecting birds, and he took full advantage of ıt. He was also able to make an expedition up ıhe Nile, and passed a few weeks in Palestine, not forgettiug tlie Jordan Valley "The ormithological results of these tlıree years are set lorth at considerable length in the early numbers of the “Ibis,’ and in his volume on tlıe “ Great Sahara.” It was after Canon 'I'ristram’s return from the Levant that the idea of fornıing the British Omitholvgists’ Union took shape in his study at Castle Eden, when John Wolley, Alfred Newton, and Ösbert Salvin were on a visit. The matter having been Jully discussed, they all went to Cambridge for the meating of tne British Association uf 1858, and with the addition of J.H. Gumey, Dr. P. L. Sclater, F. Du Cane Godman, Perey Godman, Edward Cavendish Taylor and W. H. Hudleston (then W. H. Sımpson), the foundation of the British Ornıthologists’ Union was accomplished, aud in January 1859 the first number of the “ Ibis” was put lished. Since that time Canon Tristram has devoted his attention principally to the Ornitholory of Palestine and Syria. His first hurried visit had suggested to him what the Jordan Valley might reveal, and having been asked by the S.P.C.K. and by Mr. John Murray to write a work on the Holy Land, he obtamed leave ot absence from his little country parish and spent a year (1863-64) in a sy stematic exploration of Palestine, taking with him Dr. B. ©. Loune as Botanist, and Mr. Edward Bartlett as Taxidermist, with several valued private friends-—Sir W. ©. P. Medlicott, H. M. Upcher, and others. "The outcome of thıs expedition was satisfactory, as it led to the forma- tion of the Palextine Exjloration Fund, through the efforts of the late Dean Stanley and Sir George Grove, the Dean making a tour with Canon Birds. 501 Tristram to the Universities and some of the chief towns in Great Britain for the purpose. An expedition to Moab in 1872 with several other friends, Lonis Buxton, M. Trotter, R. C. Johnson, and Amhurst Hayne, was more fruitful in archzological than biological results, as was another very interesting seven months spent in 1881 in Northern Syria, Mesopotamia, and the Euphrates Vailey, of which a full account was published in the “Ibis”? The same periodical contains an account uf the by no means inconsiderable results of the exploration by Canon Tristram and his indetatigable friend, E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, ot all the seven ıslands of the Canary group. In 1891 he passed seven months in Oentral China and Japan, and has since made twu journeys to the east, but without doing much biological work. On his last vısit to Palestine he was kicked by a mule and had his leg broken, but has since been as active as ever, and still perforuss his auties in Durham Cathelral. Appalled by the disaster which overtook the badly-catalogued collection of Sir William Jardine, which was suld for a fıaction of its real value, Canon Tristram prepared and printed a catalogue ot his own collection. Th's was purchased by the Liverpool Museum in . His interest in Ornithology is, however, as keen as ever, though he writes no more. Ina letter recently received by me, he says: “It is something to have known in my youth Jardine, Selby, Yarrell, Salmon, Johnstone, and the Hancocks.” Turin, Royal Zoological Museum. 60 specimens from Shoa. Received in exchange. [93. 11. 20, 1-60.] Three species, Oypselus shelleyi, Eleocerthia ragazzii and Urobrachyw traversi, were new to the collection. Turner (Mr.). 54 specimeus from various localities. Purchased [37. 7. 15, 67-100; 89. 4.15, 1-6; 39. 12. 18, 25-34; 43. 2. 9, 1-16). 13 birds from Pacıfic Islands. Purchased 19. 7. 29, 1-13]. 27 Humming-birds. Purchased [47. 3. 27, 1-37]. 9 Skeletons. Purchased [51. 7. 28, 37-45]. Turner was a dealer, whose specimens often wanted exact localities. Most of them have now been transferred to the duplicates. Tweeddale (Arrnur, 9h Marquess of‘). 16 birds from Ceylon. Presented [66. 5. 28, 1-16]. 10 birds from Guatemala, Burma, etc. Presented [76. 2. 22, 1-10]. 6 specimens of Glaucidium aud Garrulax leucotis, Gecinus erythropy- gius, new to the collection. See also Ramsay, R. G. WARDLAW. Tweedmouth (Lord). 954 specimens of British birds, Humming- birds, Birds of Paradise, and Game-biıds. Presented. [1905. 11. 11, 1-954.] U.S. National Museum. 20 speeimens of Hirundinidz from various localities in North America Presented. [84. 7. 30, 10-29.] 119 specimens of Mniotiltide from North America. Presented. [84. 11. 21, 1-119.] 227 specimens F Fringilledz and Icteridz from North Amen Pre- sented. [35. 2. 6,:1-227.] 502 4 oology. The U.S. National Museum, like the Smithsonian Institution, has always been a steadfast friend of the British Museum, and the above eollections were sent to aid the production of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” Upcher (H. M.). 11 birds from Buenos Aires. Presented. [97. 3. 16, 1-11.] Mr. Upcher is a well-known Norfolk naturalist. He was one of the early members of the British Ornithologists’ Union, and accompanied Canon Tristram on one of his expeditions to Palestine. Of.“ Who’s Who,” 1905, p. 1637. Ussher (Herrgerr Tavror), 0.M.@. See also GERRARD, E. 8 birds from Lagos. Purchased. [74. 2. 21, 27-34.] 144 birds from Lumbidan and Brunei, N.W. Borneo and Labuan Island. Purchased. [77. 9. 27, 1-144.] This collection contained the types of Lobiophasis castaneicaudatus, Pitta ussheri, and Oypselus lowi, described by me in the * Proceedings’ of the Zoological Society for 1877 and 1879. 7 birds from Sarawak and the Lawas River. Presented. [78. 5. 4, 1-7. A birds from Lawas River and Labuan. Presented. [78. 5. 30, 1-3.] Governor Ussher was an enthusiastic naturalist, and collected in most of the colonies of which he was the head. When Governor of the Gold Coast he made extensive collections in the interior, employing a native hunter and skinner named Aubinn in the furests of Denkera. Many new species were discovered by him, and his collections were divided between Capt. Shelley and myself. When appointed to Labuan, he made great exertions to discover the exact relation of the avifauna of the island to that of the opposite coast, and sent home valuable collections, which I described in the ‘Ibis’ for 1879. Ussher (R. J.). 5 birds from Algeria. Presented. [1905. 4. 17, 1-5.] Van Dam (D. C.). 15 birds from Reunion. Presented. [73. 5. 9, 9-23.] Van Dam was the companion of Pollen on the latter’s expedition to Madagascar. I met him in Leyden in 1873, and he gave me a few specimens from Reunion, which he had procured on that expedition. Vaughan (Lieut.). 7 specimens (in spirits) of Tatare vaughani, Sharpe, Bull. B.0.C., xi., p. 2 (1900), from Pitcairn Island. Presented. [1900. 11. 25, 1-7.] Veitch (Harry). 77 birds from the Lawas River and Mount Kina Balu in N.W. Borneo, as well as the Sulu Islands, colleeted by Mr. F. Burbidge. Presented. [&3. 9. 20, 1-77.] Mr. Burbidge was a botanical collector sent out to Borneo by the great firm of hortieulturists., He made some good observations on the bird-life of the country, and discovered three new species, Tanygnathus burbidgei, Buchanga stigmatops, and Gallus stramineicollis. Uf. Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1879, pp. 311-317; Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 432, pl. xi. 8 specimens from the Arfak Mts. in N.W. New Guinea, one, Oreocharis arfaki, being new to the collection. Presented. [94. 2. 16, 1-8.] Birds. 50 = Verdey (Madame A.). 13 birds from Siberia, collected by Dr. Dybowski. Purchased. [75. 3. 15, 1-13.] 25 South American birds, mostly from Cayenne. Presented. [81. 2. 26, 1-25.] Madame Verdey carried on the business of the Maison Verreaux in Paris after the Verreaux lamily had given it up. Verner (Col. WILLOUGEBY). 4 specimens of the Little Tern from Dungeness. Presented. [87.7. 20, 1-4.] 25 birds and 19 eggs from the Sudan. Presented. [87. 12. 22, 1-25; 88. 2. 15, 1-19.] 5 birds from Crete. Presented. [87. 12. 30, 1-5.] Verreaux, Maison. 84 birds from Gaboen, Cape Colony and Natal. Purchased. [43. 11. 17, 1-80; 51. 2. 26, 1—4.] 164 birds from various localities. Purchased. |[51.7. 23, 7-33; 82. 8. 5, 21-26; 52. 5.12, 1445; 53. 3.7, 1-11; 84.1. 17, 1-75. 52 birds, mostly frem Gabeon. Purchased. [54. 5. 23, 1-52. 127 birds from various localities. Purchased. [55. 4. 25, 1-37; 55. 5. 29, 1-8; 55. 7. 10, 1-40; 55. 9. 4, 1-11; 56. 3. 12, 2-9, 11-13.] Among these was the type of Myiagra modesta, Gray. 149 birds from various localities, chiefly Central and South America. Purchased. [56. 11. 5, 1-27; 56. 12. 17, 1-5; 58. 2.4,1-48; 59. 2. 25, 1-43; 59. 2. 25, 2-17; 59. 6. 28, 5-14; 60.7. 21, 1-17; 60. 8. 24, 3-8; 62.1. 17, 8-11; 62. 2.11, 1-5; 62. 8. 26, 1-11.] 18 birds from New Caledonia, Formosa, etc. Purchased. [64. 11.30, 32-49.] 31 birds from W. Africa, Madagascar, etc. Purchased. [66. 5. 22, 1-21; 66.7. 21, 1-10.] 152 birds from various localities. Purchased. [67. 6. 18, 1-49; 69. 5. 10, 142; 70. 4. 18, 1-61.] The Maison Verreaux’ was one of the greatest, if not the greatest, emporium of natural histery that the world as ever seen. The three brothers, Jules, Edouard, and Alexis were collecting in South Africa at the time of Sir Andrew Smith’s expeditions, and they mounted the specimens which were afterwards exhibited in London, and ultimately became the property uf the British Museum. The whole of the beautiful collecıion formed by the three brothers was lost at sea, and on the return of Jules and Edouard to Paris (Alexis having died in South Africa), the Maison Verreaux was founded. Jules was a:terwards Curator of the Ornithological Department of the Parıs Museum for many years, and, in his spare time, he determined and labelled the birds in the Maison Verreaux. The specimens were often issued without any exact indication of locality, but had attached to them in Jules’ haudwriting a large label giving the synonymy from Bonaparte’s *“ Conspectus,” without which book Jules never travelled. He possessed an immense knowledge of birds, probably greater than any man of his generation. See DU CHAILLT, antea, p. Victoria, Government of. 58 birds and 226 ecgs from Victoria. Presented. [1901. 5.10, 1-226 ; 1904. 4. 29, 2-59.] 504 Zoology. Vieira (Dr. Lopez). 35 birds from Portugal. Presented. [86. 11. 20, 1-9; 86. 12. 19, 1-12; 87. 3.18, 1-14.] Vienna, Hof. Museum. 7 birds from Austria. Presented. [72. 10. 26, 46-52.] Villiers (Mrs. F.). 7 Weaver Finches, died in captivity. Presented. [1905. 7.11, 1-2; 1905. 7. 271-2; 1905. 8.4, 15.1905.'9. 2, 2; 1905..9. 47,33 Villiers (Col. E.). 2 specimens of the Capercailzie (Tetrao urogallus) from Aberdeen- shire. Presented. [1905. 6. 2, 1-2.] Vincent (Capt. B.). A specimen of Querquedula formosa from Corea. Presented. [1904. 621,01: Vingoe (Mr.). See Janson, E. W. Vorderman (Dr.). 11 birds from Java, including the type of Siphia vordermani, Sharpe, and Turdinus lepidopleurus and Corythocichla epilepidota, new to the collection. Dr. Vorderman is Government Physician at Batavia, and has written much on the Avifauna of Java. Hearinz from me that there were some Javanese species unrepresented in tlıe Museum, he very kindly sent the above specimens. Waddell (Surgeon-Col. L. A.). 21 specimens from Darjiling, including the type of Garrulax waddelli. Presented. [96. 6. 30, 1-21.] Colonel Waddell was attached to the Tibet Mission of 1903-4, and collected several birds. These, however, did not come to the British Museum with the rest of the collections of the expedition, but were sold privately. Wakefield (Rev. Tmomas). See SHARPE, R. BOWDLER. Waldo. See MEADE-WALDo. Walker (THEoDoRE). The groups of the Magpie, Linnet, Nightingale, Skylark, Moorhen, and Great Crested Grebe, with the nests and eggs, from Leicestershire, for the Exhibition Gallery. Presented. [78. 12. 31, 7-14.] 114 birds from various localities in Great Britain, mostly Sea-birds from St. Kilda, Isleof Skye and Lincolnshire. Presented. [79. 4. 21, 1-9; 79. 12. 5, 1-8; 81. 7. 13, 1-34; 81. 10. 20, 1-34; 82. 10. 12, 1-29.] Wallace (Dr. ALrrep Russe), F.R.S. See WARWICK, Mr.; STEVENS, S. 27 Accipitres from Amazonia. Purchased. [73. 3. 19, 1-27.] Dr. Wallace very kindly allowed me to have his collection of Birds of u EU EEE Birds. 505 Prey for the purposes of my first volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” The rest of his South American collection passed into Dr. #. D. God- man’s possession, and has been presented by the latter gentleman to the Museum. Dr. Wallace’s collection was described by Dr. Sclater and Mr. Salvin (P.Z.S., 1867, p. 566). 2474 birds from the Malay Archipelago. Purchased. [73. 5. 12, 1-2474.] This was Dr. Wallace’s celebrated collection from the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, Gelebes and the Molucca Islands, and New Guinea. The following types were included: Oriniger mystacalis, U. simplex, ©. longirostris, Oyornis rufigula, Oryptolopha helianthea, Zosterops atrifrons, Acrocephalus insularis, Gerygone palpebrosa, @. sulphurea, @G. neglecta, G. inornata, @. superciliosa, Aethomyias spilodera, Phyllo- scopus flavescens, Monarcha loricata, M. dichroa, Sawicola dumetorva, Campephaga marginata, Ohrysococcey® peeilurus, Cacomantis megarhyn- chus, Picus sondaicus, Rhipidura torrida, R. longicauda, K. hyperythra, R. emeria, R. bouruensis, R. diluta, Pachycephala zwanthocnemis, P. rufescens, P. mentalis, P. clio, P. brunnea, Turdus erythropterus, Oisticola Fuscicapilla, CO. rustica, Megalurus timorensis, Butalis hypogrammica, Cyornis rufifrons, Piezorhynchus nitens, Myiagra puella, Todopsis grayi, Corydalla media, Pitta rubrinucha, P. erassirostris, Oypselus infumatus, Nectarinia grayi, N. proserpina, Myzomela simplex, Nectarinia flavo- striata, N. porphyrolema, Diczum ignifer, D. vulneratum, FPtilotis sonorides, P. virescens, Tropidorhynchus plumigenis, T. fuscicapillus, Prionochilus aureolimbatus, Oriolus frontalis, Pereicrocotus exul, ogotheles wallacei, Mwyiolestes afinis, Estrelda flavidiventris, Munia pallida, M. tristissima, Erythrura modesta, Tanysiptera acis, T. doris, T. sabrina, T. hydrocharis, T. galatea, Halcyon nigrocyanea, (Cey& cajeli, Halcyon rufa, Coryphilus pulchella, Trichoglossus coccinei- Frons, Oyelopsitta blythi, Loriculus sclateri, L. flosculus, L. amabilis, Tanygnathus afinis, T. albirostris, Elanus hypoleucus, Accipiter ery- thrauchen, A. rubricollis, Astur equatorialis, A. muelleri, A. wallacei, A. griseogularis, A. henicogrammus, Athene florensis, Scops sylvicola, S. leucospila, Athene hantu, A. rufostrigata, Baza stenozona, Spizaetus nanus, 8. gurneyi, Cuwcuma leucogaster, Eudynamis facialis, Graucalus czruleogriseus, Calornis gularis, C. placidus, Dierurus megalornis, D. atroceruleus, D. amboynensis, D. pectoralis, Cacatua cristatella, Treron pulverulenta, T. floris, Ptilopus humeralis, P. celebensis, Maecropygia batchianensis, M. macassariensis, M. mayna, Chalcophaps hombroni, Ardea aruensis, Rallus plumbeiventris, R. tricolor, R. celebensis, Rallina moluccana, R. rufigenis, Gallinnla frontata, Turnix rufilatus, and T. rufescens. See his book, * Malay Archipelago,’ 1869. Of.“ Whu’s Who,’ 1904, p. 1583. Walsingham (Lord), F.R.S. 106 birds from Mt. Shasta, California. Presented. [81. 12. 10, 1-106.] 12 specimens of the Wild Duck (Anas boscas), showing the moults and various stages of plumage. Presented. [98. 12. 23, 1-10.] The following monnted groups of British birds, with their nests and eggs or young, have been presented by Lord Walsingham :— Starling (Sturnus vulgaris), Norfolk. Jay (Garrulus glandarius), with eggs, Norfolk. Jay (Garrulus glandarius), with young, Norfolk. 506 Zoology. Lesser Redpoll (Linota rufescens), Norfolk. Chaflinch (Fringilla ecelebs), Norfolk. Hawfinch (Coceothraustes eoceothraustes), Norfolk. Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis), with young, Nortolk. Yellow Ammer (Emberiza eitrinella), Norfolk. Reed Bunting (Emberiza schenielus), Norlolk. Skylark (Alauda arvensis), Norfolk. Yellow Wagtail (Motaeilla eampestris), Norfolk. Pied Wagtail (Motaeilla lugubris), Norlolk. Tree-Pipit (Anthus trivialis), with young, Norfolk. Ring-Ouzel (Turdus torquatus), Yorkshire. Mistle-Thrush (Turdus viseivorus), Norfolk. Dipper (Cinelus aquaticeus), Yorkshire. Whinchat (Pratineola rubetra), Norfolk. Stonechat (Pratineola rubieola), Norfolk. Wheatear (Saxicola eenanthe), Norfolk. Willow-warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus), Norfolk. Sand-martin (Riparia riparia), Norfolk. Whitethroat (Sylvia einerea), Norfolk. Garden Warbler (Sylvia hortensis), Norfolk. Sedge Warbler (Acrocephalus phragmitis), Norfolk. Tree Creeper ((erthia familiaris), Norfolk. Nuthateh (Sitta ezsia), Norfolk. Spotted Flycatcher (Museicapa grisola), Norfolk. Golden-erest (Regulus eristatus), with eggs, Norfolk. Great Titmouse (Parus major), Norfolk. Green Woodpecker (Geeinus viridis), Norfolk. Greater Spotted Wovdpecker (Dendrocopus major), Norfulk. Wryneck (Iynz torquilla), Norfolk. Wood-pigeon (Columba palumbus), Norfolk. Turtle-dove (Turtur turtur), Norfolk. Little Grebe (Podieipes fluviatilis), Norfolk. Cuckoo (Cueulus eanorus), Norfolk. Hedge-sparrow (Tharrhaleus modularis), with young. Nightjar (Caprimulgus europzus), Norfolk. Long-eared Owl (Asio otus), Norfolk. Sparrow-Hawk (Aceipiter nisus), Norfolk. Golden Plover (Oharadrius plwvialis), Yorkshire. Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), Yorkshire. Snipe (Gallinago gallinago). Norfolk. Stone-Plover ((Bdienemus @dienemus), Norfolk. Gadwall (Chaulelasmus streperus), Norfolk. Teal (Nettion erecca), Norfolk. Shoveler (Spatula elypeata), Norfolk. Tufted Duck (Fuligqula eristata), Norfolk. Pochard (Nyroca ferina), Norfolk. Walter (N. F.). 157 nests and eggs of British Birds. Presented. [51. 7. 7, 1-44; 51. 12.1, 6-7; 52.1. 7,1-27,, 62. 3. 20, 29-92; 52. 11. 29, 3-20 5 eggs from Spain and 35 from Cape Colony. Presented. [54. 1. 9, 1-5; 54. 10. 24, 1-35.] Walton (Capt. H.J.) (Naturalist to the Tibet Frontier Commission). 416 birds from S. Tibet, etc., including types of several new species. [1905. 12. 31, 1-416.] Ward (RowLan). 12 birds from Madagascar. Purchased. [97. 11. 3, 1-12.] 8 birds from Ashanti. Presented. [99. 10. 23, 1-8.] Birds. 507 A specimen of the Shoe-billed Stork (Balzniceps rex) from Lake Mweru, British Central Africa. Presented. [1900. 2. 26, 1.] Warsaw, Branicki Museum. 51 birds from Siberia and Peru, including the following species new to the collection, Pecile brevirostris, P. obtecta, P. kamtchatkensis, Pyrrhula cinerea, Sitta amurensis, Acrocephalus bistrigiceps, Thinocorus orbignianus, Grallaria andicola, Fulica gigantea, Penelope rufiventris and Vanellus resplendens. Received in exchange. [74. 5. 19, 8-57.] Warwick ( ): 326 birds from various localities. Purchased. [30. 12. 18, 1-24; 41. 2. 302-401; 44. 6. 2, 34-44; 44. 10. 19, 1-59; 44. 11. 15, 10-35; 44. 12. 29, 2-25; 45 3. 6, 5-7.] 23 birds from South Australia and Port Natal. Purchased. [45. 3.15, 26-39; 45. 4. 5, 3-11. ] 41 birds from various localities. Purchased. [46. 1. 31, 61-67; 46. 4. 8, 8-42.] 35 birds from Java. Purchased. [46. 11. 24, 3-37.] 161 skeletons of birds and 136 eggs. Purchased. [46. 12. 4, 1-29; 482 8:8, 1397 50. 12. 28, 129; 51. 7. 5, 5-12; 51. 9. 26, 1-35; 52. 2. 20, 1-14; 52. 5. 10, 6-10; 52. 6. 4, 1-20; 52. 7. 22, 1-10; 52. 11. 22, 1-38; 52. 12. 5, 16-20; 53. 1. 18, 4-29; 53. 5.4, 20-35; 53. 7.12, 7-13, 16-17; 53. 10. 13, 1-19; 53. 10. 23, 3-14.] 222 bırds from various localities. Purchased. [49. 11. 21, 1-7; 49. 12. 4, 1-24; 50. 8. 15. 11-161; 51. 1. 24, 1-36; 50. 4. 11, 1-12; 61. 7.4, 1-2.] 93 birds from various localities. Purchased. [52. 11. 22, 40-52; 65282281, 1-15; 55. ..10..4 1-2; 55. 112 20, 1-94-57,. 3.8, 1-14 58. 1. 11, 38-77.] Woaterstadt (Jonn). ‚See GERRARD, E. [For descriptions of his collections sent from the Moluccas, cf. Hartert, Nov. Zool., v., pp. 88-91 (1898); ix., pp. 537-580 (1902); x., pp. 1-17 (1905); pp. 43-64.] Watkins and Doncaster (Messrs.). 15 birds from N. Cachar, collected by Mr. J. Inglis (q.v.). Purchased. [81. 10. 17, 1-15.] Watling (T.). See pp. Watson (J.). 50 birds from the neighbourhood of David, Chiriqui. Purchased. [98. 10. 7, 1-19; 98. 11. 23, 1-31.] Way (Colonel). 85 birds from N.W. India. Presented. [81. 9. 20, 1-85.] Webb (—). 23 birds from the vicinity of Shanghai, including the type of Suthora webbiana. Presented. [52. 3. 19, 2-24.] Webster (F. B.) and Harris (C. M.). 713 specimens from the Webster-Harris expedition to the Galapagos Archipelago (cf. Rothschild, Nov. Zool.). Purchased. [99.9 1,1-718.] 508 Zoology. The Hon Walter Rothschild and Dr. Hartert have written a memoir on this great expedition, the chief series of specimens, with the types of the new species, beiug in Mr. Rothschiild’s collection. (Cf. Nov. Zuol., vi. pp. 85-205, pls. v., vi. (1549). The British Museum secured the second set, and the following species were new to the collection: Nesomimus macdonaldı, N. adamsi, N. personatus, N. barringtoni, N. hulli, N. bindloei, N. bauri, Certhidea ridgwayi, CO. luteola, O. becki, C. mentalis, C. cinerascens, ©. bifasciata, Geospiza platyrhyncha, G@. coni- rostris, G. propinqua, @. albemarlei, G. dubia, @. fratercula, G. minor, @G. acutirostris, @. debilirostris, @. interm-dia, @. 7 @G. barring- toni, G. septentrionalis, G. salvini, G. townsendi, @. pauper, @. incerta, and @. aflinis. Weiske (Enır). 47 birds and 78 eggs from the el of British New Guinea. Purchased. [1901. 4. 28, 1-47; 1901. 7. 4, 1-78.] This collection contained the tes of several species described by Professor Reichenow (Orn. M.B., ix., pp. 185-188), Eutolmaetus weiskei, Oreopsittacus frontalis, Cacomantis weiskei. Syma weiskei(= 8. megar- hyncha, 2; cf. Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., vii’., p. 149), Graucalus cornix, Rhectes pheocephalus, Rhectes schistaceus, Ohasmostoma weiskei, all from S. E. New Guinea, (limacteris weiskei, from N. Queensland. The following species were new to the coll.ction: Astur melano- chlamys, Syma megarhyncha, Rhipidura auricularis, R. fallax, Pachy- cephala obscurior, Heteromyias armiti, Pecilodryas caniceps, P. subeyanus, Nasiterna bruijni, Ifrita coronata, Sericornis nigrorufa, 8. perspieillata, and Melanocharis striativentris. Wellington, New Zealand. Colonial Museum. 80 birds from New Zealand and the Chatham Islands, including a specimen of Apteryx haasti, new to the collection. Received in exchange. [75. 7. 2, 1-89.] West Australia, Government of. 98 specimens of West Australian birds. Presented. [94. 10. 26, 1-93]. This collection formed the exhibit of the Government of Western Australia at the Colonial Exhibition held in London. The specimens were of value to the Museum, as very few examples of birds irom this portion of the Australian Coutinent were in the National Collection. West Australian Museum, Perth, W.A. (Dr. BERNARD WOODWARD, Director). 32 specimens of Aceipitres from various parts of Western Australia, presented through Dr. Bernard H. Woodward, the Director of the W. A. Museum. 11902. 12. 30, 1-32.] 52 birds from Western Australia, including six species new to the collection. [1905. 1. 24, 1-52.] Wharton (C. ByGrAvE). 25 specimens from Darjiling. Presented. [76. 2. 3, 16-40.] 3 speeimens from Öorsica. Presented. [76. 7. 26, 1-3.] Wharton (Henry ’T.). 16 e#3s from New Zealand. Presented. [98. 7. 3, 2-17.] Birds. 509 Whitaker (J. I. S.). 40 birds from South Tunis, including specimens of Rhodopechys alinz, Whitaker, and Garrulus enops, Whitaker, new to the collection. Pre- sented. [98. 10. 12, 1-40.] 3 specimens of the Sicilian Long-tailed Tit (Zgithalus siculus, Whitaker), new to the collection. Presented. [1902. 10. 27, 1-3.] 2 specimens of the Red-necked Goatsucker (Caprimulgus ruficollis) from Southern Spain. Presented. [1905. 11. 18, 1-2.] Whitehead (Jonn). See also GERRARD, E.; JANSoN, O. 69 specimens from Corsica, including the type of Sitta whiteheadi. Presented. [84. 7. 16, 1-69.] 36 specimens from Palawan, Philippine Islands. Purchased. [89.1. 20, 1-86]. The following species were new to the collection: Prioniturus cyaneiceps, Siphia erythacus, Xantholestes panayensis, Ptilocichla falcata, Prionochilus johannx (ef. Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, pp. 38-61, pl. ii.) 60 specimens from N.W. Borneo and Mount Kina Balu, including an example of Cissa@ jefferyi new to the collection. Presented. [89. 7. 1, 1-60. a Whitehead’s wonderful collection made on Mount Kina Balu was described by me in the ‘Ibis’ (1857, pp. 435-454, pls. xiii., xiv.; 1888, pp- 383-396, pls. ix.-xii.; 1889, pp. 63-85, pls. ii.-iv., 135-205, pls. vii., viii., 265-283, pl. ix., 409-443, pls. xii., xıii; 1890, pp. 133-149, pl. iv., 273-292, pl. vüii.).. 5 new genera and 42 new species were described in the above-mentioned Memoirs. 9 birds and nests from Luzon and Negros. Presented. [96. 2. 3, 1-3; 96. 10. 31, 1-6.] Mr. Whitehead presented the nest, with the birds, of Diczum pygmeum, D. hematostietum and Hthopyga magnifica. 12 specimens from N.W. Luzon. Purchased. [97. 3. 10, 1-12.] Cf. Grant, Ibis, 1894, pp. 501-522, pls. xiv., xv. 116 birds from tlıe Philippine Islands, including the types of Pithe- cophaga jeffreyi and Batrachostomus mierorhynchus. Syrnium whiteheadi was new Io the collection. Purchased. [97. 6. 14, 1-116.] (C/f. Grant, Ibis, 1897, pp. 20V-250, pls. v. and vi.) 74 birds’ eegs from the Philippine Islands. Purchased. [98. 4. 11, 1-74.] (Cf. Grant and Whitehead, Ibıs, 1898, pp. 231-249, pls. v. and vi. (C/. Whitehead, Field-notes on birds collected in the Philippine I-lands in 1893-6, Ibis, 1899, pp. 81-111, 210-246, 381-399, 485-501. Notice ot death, £.c. p. 642.) Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., Suppl., p- Whitehead (JEFFREY). 13 eggs from Java and Mount Kina Balu. Presented. [1905. 2. 24, 113]. Father of John Whitehead, the celebrated explorer and collector. Whitehead Expedition, Subscribers to the. ‚See THOMASSoN, J. l.; SEEBOHM, H. 69 birds from the Philippine Islands. Presented. [97. 5. 13, 1-66 ; 97. 12.11, 1-48.] Included the types of the following species :— Muscica- pula samarensis, M. luzonensis, Rhabdornis minor, R. inornatus, Turdus nigrorum, T. mindorensis, Turnix whiteheadt, Carpophaga mindorensis, 510 Zoology. Zosterornis dennistouni, Z. striatus, Z. whiteheadi, Z. pygmceus, Hypsi- petes fugensis, Prioniturus montanus, Collocalia whiteheadi, Pyrrhula leucogenys, Pseudotharraleus caudatus, Brachypteryx poliogyna, Scops whiteheadi, Rhinomyias insignis, Zosterops aureiloris, Z. luzonica, Cinnyris flayrans, OÖ. whiteheadi, C. obscurior, ZEthopyga flavipectus, Hyloterpe albiventris, Stoparola nigrimontalis, Cettia seebohmi, Ohimar- rhornis bicolor, l,anius validirostris, Dendrophila mesoleuca, Dieeum luzoniense, Loxia luzonensis, Scops longicornis, Chlorura brunneiventris. Whitely (G. M.). Nephew of Henry Whitely. He collected in Honduras. Of. Sclater and Salvin, P.Z.S., 1870, pp. 835-839. Whitely (Henry). 34 birds from Senegambia and Madagascar. Purchased. [66. 1. 30, 2-24 ; 66. 5. 9,1-11.] 14 birds from Japan, collected by his son, Henry Whitely, jun. Pur- chased. [67. 2. 21, 1-14.] (C/. Ibis, 1867, pp. 193-211, pl. üıi.). 120 birds from various localities. Purchased. [67. 5. 24, 1-14; 67.11. 30, 1-14; 68. 6. 20, 1-58; 69. 5. 12, 4-19.] Many of these were from his son’s collections from Peru (Arequipa, Tinta, and the Tambo Valley). 25 birds from Peru (Cosinpata, Tinta, etec.), collectted by Henry Whitely, jun. [70. 6. 10, 1-25.] 40 birds from China and Hainan, collected by Consul Swinhoe, dupli- cated from the Swinhoe Collection. Purchased. [72. 5. 27, 40-79.] 82 birds from various localities. Purchased. [72. 6. 1, 1-11; 72.10. 4, 47-52; 72. 11. 22, 4-11; 73.1. 10, 1-17.] 174 specimens from various localities. Purchased. [74. 4. 2, 13-25; 74. 8. 19, 1-11; 75. 3. 31, 6-14; 75. 6. 24, 9-26; 76.1.6, 1-90; 76. 2. 17, 1-22; 78. 3. 28, 1-11.] 17 specimens from Yquitos, Upper Amazonia, collected by his son, Henry Whitely, jun. Purchased. [79. 3. 25, 1-17.] Porzana hauxwelli was new to the collection. 57 birds from various localities. Purchased. [80. 4. 30, 1-84; 80. 10. 13, 1-23.] Old Mr. Whitely was formerly employed in Woolwich Arsenal, and was Curator of the Royal Artillery Institution’s Museum. He had a Natural History Agency in Wellington Street, Woolwich. See SCLATER, P. L.; GoDMANn, F. D.; Sauvıs, O. Whitely (Henry), jun. Son of the above. A most enterprising traveller and collector in Japan and in various countries of South America. Hedied in the interior of British Guiana, and an obituary notice of his career appears in the ‘Ibis’ for 1893 (pp. 287-288). Whitmee (Rev. J. S.). 6 specimens of Collocalia from Samoa (in spirits). Presented. [76. 6. 9, 1-6.] 152 birds and eggs from Samoa, Savage Island, the Ellice Islands, Loyalty Isles, etc. Purchased. [78. 1.19, 1-14, 36-163.] (C/. Whit- mee, Ibis, 1875, pp. 436-447; Sharpe, P.Z.S, 1878, pp. 271-274.) Includes the type of Lalage whitmeei. Birds. 51l Whyte (ALEXANDER). See GERRARD, E.; SHELLEY, Capt. G. E. Mr. Whvte was a chemist in Ceylon, but turning his attention to Natural History he made some interesting collections in that island. He was for a long time Assistant to Sir Harry Johnston in Nyasa Land, being a good botanist and an all-round collector. He has since done some excellent work in Uganda and Liberia. Wickham (Captain F.). 13 birds from the Chin Hills, including a male of Blyth’s Tragopan (Tragopan blythi). Pıesented. [98. 11.1, 1-13.] Wickham (H. A.). A specimen of Megapodius duperreyi from the Conflict Islands, British New Guinea. Presentred. [1904. 7. 28, 1.] Wilday (A. GascoIGNE). 12 birds (presented) and 18 (purchased) from Hamilton Island, Corea. [91. 4. 30, 1-12; 91. 5. 3, 1-18.] Williams (T. B.). 10 nestlings and embryos from Canada. Presented. [1901. 7. 21, 1-10.] Wilson (C..J.). A specimen of the White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) from co. Galway. Presented. [1904. 6. 15, 1.] Wilson (Dr. E. A.). See ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION: “ Discovery.” Wilson (EpwaArp). 270 birds from various localities. Presented. [46. 7. 16, 1-270.] 24 birds from Nicaragua. Presented. [47.1. 16, 1-24.] 10 specimens of Hunmming Birds. Presented. [47. 3. 18, 1-10.] Edward Wilson was the brother of Thornas B. Wilson, who was President of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and con- tributed so largely to the collections of the Academy. His brother Edward acted as his agent in Europe, and procured for America the Gould collection of Australian birds and the great Masseua collection in Paris. In the latter business he was helped by Dr. J. E. Gray of the British Museum, and probably in acknowledgment of this assistance, he gave a certain number of specimens to this Museum. Among them was the type of Sceloglaux albifacies from New Zealand. (Cf. Witmer Stone, Auk, xvi., pp. 166-177, 1899.) Wilson (J. W.). A Fire-backed Pheasant (Zophura ignita) from North Borneo. Pre- sented. [1905. 4. 9, 1.] Wingate (Captain A. W. S.). 184 specimens from Yun-nan, including 6 species new to the col- lection, and the types ol Sitta yunnanensis, Lania nigriceps and Siva wingatei. (Cf. Grant, Ibis, 1900, pp. 573-606, pl. xıi.) 512 Zovlogy. Winton. See DE WınTon. Witherby (H. F.). 37 birds from the White Nile, including the type of Cksticola aridula, Witherby, and Anthoscopus punctifrons, new to the collection. Presented. [1901. 3. 27, 1-36 ; 1901. 12. 12, 1.] Mr. Witherby has written several essays on the birds he has studied in different lands. His travels have been extensive, and their scope is best illustrated by the titles of the Memoirs he has published :—“ Forest birds” (8vo, 1894); “Birds of S.W. Spain” (Knowledge, 1899); “On the Birds observed in the Kola Peninsula” (Ibis, 1900, pp. 475-492); “An ÖOmithological Expedition te the White Nile” (Ibis, 1901, pp. 237-278); “Bird-hunting on the White Nile” (8vo, 1902); “An Ornithological Journey in Fars, S.W. Persia” (Ibis, 1903, pp. 501-571). Withington (Dr. F.). See SCLATER, Dr. P. L. Wolley (Jonn). This prince of field naturalists laid the foundation of all that splendid method of collecting specimens of natural history, especially birds’ eogs, which has been the distinguishing feature of the work done by British Ornithologists since his day. A certain number of specimens obtained by him in Scandinavia and Lapland are in the British Museum, but his collection of eggs was bequeathed to his friend Professor Newton, who has published a most interesting and important record of the collection in “ Ootheca Wolleyana,” vols. i., ii. Wood (Lieut.). See KELLETT and W oo». Woodford (CHArLes M.). 35 birds from the Solomon Islands. Purchased. [87. 1. 17, 1-35.] 6 species new to the collection, and the type of a new Crow, Macro- corax woodfordi. 57 birds from the island of Guadalcanar, Solomon Archipelago. Pur- chased. [88. 2. 7, 1-57.] Many new species described (c/. Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1888, pp. 182-185 ; Grant, P.Z.S., 1887): Astur shebz, Sharpe (= A. pulchellus, Ramsay; cf. Kothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., xii., p. 251, 1905); A. woodfordi, Snarpe [= A. ulbiqularis,|Gray : üd., Nov. Zool., viii., p. 379 (1901)]; 4. holomelas, Sharpe [= 4. albigularis, var. melanot. üid., Nov. Zool., viii., p. 380 (1901)] ; Ninox granti, Sharpe; Nasiterna aol&, Grant; Graucalus holopolius, Sharpe ; Kdoliisoma erythropygiale, Sharpe; Pomarea erythro- sticta, Sharpe; Myzomela sharpei, Grant [=M. dubia, Ramsay]; Phlo- genas solomonensis, Nyeticorax mandibularis, Grant; Ardeiralla wood- ‚Fort, Sharpe. 68 specimens from Gmuadalcanar, New Georgia, Rubiana, and Alu. Presented. [88. 3. 9, 1-68.] [Cf. Sharpe, P.2.S., 1888, pp. 182-185; Grant, P.Z.S., 1887, pp. 328-333, pl. xxvii.; 1888, pp. 185-204, pl. x. ; Woodford, “ A Naturalist among the Head-Hunters ot the Solomon Islands ” (8vo, 1890). Cf.“ Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1:68. Birds. 513 Woodward (BERNARD), Director of the West Australian Museum, Perth. See WEST AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM, antea, p. Woodward (R. B. and J. D. S.). See GERRARD, E., antea, p. 20 specimens from Zululand. Purchased. [99. 4. 3, 1-20.] The brothers Woodward made some important collections in the Zulu country, described by me in the ‘Ibis’ for 1897, pp. 400-422, pl. x., pp- 495-517. They afterwards wrote an excellent summary of their work with field-notes (c/. Woodward, Ibis, 1898, pp. 216-228, 517-525). Woosnam (Capt. R. B.). See also BAILWARD, Colonel R.C. 65 birds from the Vaal River. Purchased. [1904. 11. 19, 1-65.] Woosnam (R. B.) and Dent (R. E.). 237 birds from the Orange Colony. Purchased. [1904. 4. 1, 1-61; 1904. 11. 18, 1-176.] 41 birds from Bechuana Land. Purchased. [1904. 6.7, 1-41]. 99 birds from the Kuruman district, Cape Colony. Purchased. [1904. 7. 23, 1-99.] Worthen (K.). 32 specimens from Texas, California, etc. Purchased. [1900. 11. 30, 11-32.] Worthington (A. B. Bayrry). 71 birds from Karakol, Tian Shan Mountains. Presented. [1905. 9. 14, 1-71.] Wray (LEoNARD). 139 specimens from the State of Perak in the Malay Peninsula. Presented. [86. 5. 11, 1-11; 86. 12. 22, 1-33; 87. 3. 20, 1-19; 88. 3. 18, 1-68; 88.9. 9, 1-8.] Mr. Wray was the first naturalist to ascend the mountains of Perak, and he discovered many new species, of which the types are now in the British Museum— Artamides larutensis, Pericrocotus wrayi, P. eroceus, Oryptolopha davisoni, Muscicapula westermanni, Trochalopterum penin- sul, Melanoeichla peninsularis, Gampsorhynchus saturatior, Alcippe peracensis, Minla soror, Siva sordidior, Cutia cervinierissum, Zthopyga wrayi, Ohrysophlegma wrayi. The collections were described by me in the ‘Proceedings’ of the Zoolosical Society (1887, pp. 431-443, pls. xxxvil, xxxviil.; 1888 pp- 268-280, pl. xv.). Of. * Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1776. ’ Wyatt (Craupe W.). 3 species new to the collection. Presented. [76. 3. 3, 1-3.] Scotocerca inquwieta, Carpodocus sinaiticus, from the Peninsula of Sinai, and Pachyrhamphus einnamomeus, from the Magdalena Valley, U.S. Colombia. Wyatt was an enthusiastic naturalist and a good artist. He visited Palestine, Egypt and the Peninsula of Sinai, publishing the results of his journey to the last-named place in the ‘Ibis’ for 1870 (pp. 1-18); VOL. II. 2 L 514 Zoology. cf. also the Ordnance Survey of Sinai, 1873. In 1870 he made a successful expedition to the Magdalena Valley in Colombia, and brought back a good series of birds, Synallaxis wyatti being named after him by Dr. Sclater (ef. Ibis, 1871, pp. 113-131, 319-335, 373-384. He travelled to all quarters of the glohe in order to procure appropriate sketches for his pictures of scenery to illustrate the plates of the “Monograph of the Swallows,” to which book the present writer supplied the letter-press. His book on “ British Birds” (2 vols., 4to, 1894) was a labour of love to him, and he took great delight in the production of the plates, all of which, like those of the “Monograph of the Swallows,” were drawn on stone by hinıself. Obituary, cf. Ibis, 1901, p. 347c. Yerbury (Col. J. W.). 103 birds and eggs from Aden. Presented. [84. 7. 19, 1-8; 85. 12. 23, 1-24; 95.5. 13, 1-58; 95. 5. 15, 1-13.] Colonel Yerbury’s donation of Aden birds was a very valuable one, as the Museum had not a good series of birds from that locality. He has written an important paper on the omithology of the district (* Ibis,’ 1886, pp. 11-24, pl. ii.). Young (Capt. J. B.), R.N. 20 eggs of the Sooty Tern (Sterna fuliginosa) from Ascenscion Island. Presented. [1904. 6. 4, 1-20.]. Zaphiro (P.). See also MACMILLAN, W.N. 57 birds and 34 eges from Harar, Abyssinia. Purchased. [1902. 4. 8, 1-47; 1902. 11. 8, 1-44.] Mr. Zaphiro settled at Harar and interested himself in the study of natural history. He was employed by Mr. W. N. MacMillan to collect ior him on the Baro and Sobat Rivers. See MAcMILLAN, antea, p. Zincke (Rev. BARHAM). 60 eugs from Jamaica. Presented. [44. 1. 24, 1-60. Zoological Society of London. An Emu (Dromzus ater) from South Australia [= D. nove hollandi, Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii, p. 588]. Presented. [37. 7. 8, 23.] 2 specimens, one being Anas chrysophthalma [= Clangula glaueion). Presented. [38. 1. 27, 2.] 50 skulls and skeletons of birds. Purchased. [50. 11. 22, 75-95; 51. 11. 10, 40-68.] 403 specimens, purchased at the dispersal of the Society’s Museum. [55. 12. 19, 1—403.] This collection contained a number of types from the voyage of the Beagle and other early expeditions. A few of the type-specimens were apparently missed by Mr. G. R. Gray, and found their way into other collections, but the greater number of them passed into the British Museum, as will be seen by the following list, compiled by Mr. Charles Chubb. The following types were included: Palzornis modesta (Fraser), Lorius superbus, Fraser [= L. eyanauchen, 8. Müll. (C/. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 36]; Zrichoglossus mitchelli, Gray ; Ohrysotis augusta (Vig.); Pzocephalus rüppelli (Gray); Rhodovechys sanguinea (Gould); Birds. 515 Camarhynchus psittaculus, Gould; Cactornis afinis, Gould; Spermo- phila nigrogularis, Gould [= 8. cerulescens (Vieill.) C/. Sharpe, Cat. B., xil., pP. 126]; Zonotrichia canicapilla, Gould; Otocorys penecillata (Gould); Alauda sinensis, Waterh. [= Melanocorypha mongolica (Pall.) Cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiüi., p. 558]; Fringilla formosa, Gould [= Phry- gilus gayi (Eyd. and Ger.). (Of. Sharpe, Cat. B., xii., p. 751]; Ammo- perdiv bonhami (Fraser) ; Oreortye pietus (Douglas) ; Limnornis rectirostris, Gould ; Limnophyes curvirostris (Gould); Odontophorus guttatus (Gould); Paradoxornis flavirostris, Gould ; Henicornis pheni- cura (Gould); Mierohierax erythrogenys (Vizors) ; Phegornis mitchelli (Fıaser); Mimus »arvulus (Gould); Synallaxis brunnea, Gould [= Siptornis sordida (Less.). (Of. Sclater, Cat. B., xv., p. 68]; Synal- lawis rufogularis, Gould [= Siptornis anthoides (King). (Of. Sciater, Cat. B., xv., p. 70]; Francolinus adspersus, Waterh.; Uropsila leuco- gastra (Gould); Salpornis spilonotus (Frankl.); Brachyotus galapagoen- sis, Gould [= Asio aceipitimus (Pall.). C/f. Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 234]; Caprimulgus parvulus, Gould ; Synallaxis major, Gould [= Anumbius acuticaudatus (Less.). (f. Sclater, Cat. B., xv., p. 75]; Pyrocephalus dubius, Gould [= P. nanus, Gould. (f. Sclater, Cat. B., xiv., p. 214]; Buteo galapagensis, Gould; B. ventralis, Gould [= B. boreulis (Gm.). Of. Sharpe, Cat. B., i.,p. 188]; Mimus melanotis (Gould) ; M. trifasciatus (Gould); Agriornis leucura, Gould [=4. maritima (d’Orb. et Lafr.) (Of. Sclater, Cat. B., xiv., p. 6]; A. microptera, Gould [=4. striata, Gould. (/f. Selater, £.e., p. 5]; Circus megaspilus. Gould [= (©. maculosus (Vieill.) (f. Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p- 62]; Nyctala richardsoni, Bp. | = N. tengmalmi (Gm.). (f. Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 284]; Palzornis modesta, Fraser; Gauropicoides raflesi (Visors); Treron crassirostris, Fraser ; Ptilinopus chalcurus, Gray[=P. coralensis, Peale. (/f. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 104]; Picus modestus, Vig. [= Microstietus funebris (Valenc.) Of. Hareitt, Cat. B., xviii., p. 492]; Lyncornis macrotis (Vig.); Syrnium rufipes (King) ; Coceyzus ferrugineus, Gould ; Glaueidium nanum (King) ; Actinodura egertoni, Gould; Nesoceleus fernandin® (Vie.); Pyro- cephalus obscurus, Gould; Cactornis inornata, Gould. [55. 12. 19, 1-403]. 259 birds from various localities. Purchased. [57. 8. 4, 1-12; 57. 11. 4, 1-52; 58. 4. 3, 1-160; 59. 6. 7, 1-10; 64. 12. 26, 1-8; 67.7. 22, 1-8; 67.12.12, 1-4; 71.1. 14, 1-2; 71. 3. 20, 1-3.] The type of Lophophorus selateri. Purchased. [71.12.1,1.] 54 specimens of Parrots. Purchased. [91. 4. 1, 1-54.] The type ot Zorius tibialis was included. 50 egas of birds, laid in the Gardens. Purchased. [91. 6. 22, 1-50.]. 189) & td \ ’ > , . * ie q g 4 * E F schön ges it ice Te Ri ' ar ı% L * wi 9 EN h f B D u ) Bw. 1 N} $ Li N jr >. 23% nit ana r f 1 u) ı% . vie ” 5 Mr E . ‚ e ’ ' “is . N n r 44,07 7 + NT art k 5 E “% i { " man rn rck & ur IR Aa 7 ea ut} k . Ko ae \ wei ;ı | ; wo wi .| | „rl, ) - —, E d - i ‚ } Er »i ve ne, 1} ’ Rn + > r b i B a sl var ! t .) j' % ; 2 f} f} s u L ' ‘ ; I m ar u) 4 “ ‘.% f in i e 3 BR I. 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