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LONDON;

PaiNTED BY J. ADLARD, DUKE-STREET, SMlTHFIELD.

3 609.

•V

I

ROYAL COLLEGE

OF

SURGEONS in LONDON.

THE Court of Assistants, intending not
only to fupport, in a proper Manner, the
unparalleled Hunterian-Collection, but
alfo, by correfpondent Additions, to make
it as conducive as pofsible to the Illuf-
tration of the Structure and Economy of Ani-
mals, the Advancement of the Know^ledge
of Difeafes, the Improvement of Surgery,
and, by thefe Means, to the National Benefit
pnd Honour, folicit of Anatomifts, Surgeons,

and

4

and Naturalifts in general. Donations, di-
rected “ To the Board of Curators f of fuch
Preparations, Cafts, Models, Paintings, Draw-
ings, Engravings, INfanufcripts, printed Books,
and diirurjgical may promote

thofe Objects.

The following Directions, framed by the
late Mr. John Hunter, are intended to
facilitate, and render effectual, the Endea-
vours of fuch Friends to fcientific Inquiries
as fliall be inclined to further the Designs
of the Court, but are not well acquainted
with the Arts of preparing, and preferving,
animal Subftanccs, for anatomical Invefti-
gatipn.

Perfons difpofed to forward the public
L^ndertakings of the College, by Bequests
of any Kind, are defired to adopt this pre-
liminary

liminary Form i— I give and bequeath
to the Mafter, Governors, and Court of
Afsiftants, for the Time being, of the
Jloyal College of Surgeons in London, in
Trift for the Ufe of the faid College'^

By Order of the Court.

OKEY BELFOUR, Secretary.

Jvincolu’s-iiin-fields,

DIREC-

DIRECTIONS, &c.

AT the Time of taking an Animal, it would
be proper to collect, on the Spot, as many
Circumftances of its Hiftory as pofsible, rel^-»
tive to Food, Propagation, Locomotion, &c.

Of the METHODS of CATCHING ANU
MALS ; and of the primary OBJECTS
of ATTENTION in them.

All Animals are naturally wild ; and, in
many Inftances, it needs considerable Art
to catch them. The more perfect Animals,

which

1

which haVe much progrefsive Motion, require
being caught by Violence, which generally
produces fome Degree of Injury to the dif-
ferent Parts of the Creature, and too often to
its external Form ; this Injury will neceifarily
be in proportion to the Difficulty.

Quadrupeds in general are either caught in
Traps, or shot, whence fome Parts of the Body
are inevitably hurt or wounded. Birds are
alfo commonly shot, to the Injury of their
Plumage.

Snakes, Lizards, and Reptiles in general,
are caught without being previously wounded,
and therefore, with due Care, fuffer little in
their external Form : yet even thefe may fuffier
confiderably without that Care, for, as they are
commonly caught in the Breeding Seafon, it
is pofsible that the Organs of Generation,

and

8,

and the Parts contained in them, as Eggs, &Co
rnaj be deftructivelj comprefiTed ; it is there-
fore proper to feize them by the Neck, and
immediately to immerfe them in Spirit, fo as
to drown them, or to keep them in a Bag till
Spirit can be procured.

Turtles, Alligators, common Fifli, Lobfters,
and Land-Inlects, fufFer very little from the
Manner of their being caught. . , ;

The fofter Animals, moft of which inha-
bit the Sea, fuftain little Injury from the Mode
of catching them ; but as their Shape and Size
admit of conliderable Variation, their Form
may fufFer much from the Manner in which
they die. Animals without Bone to deter-
mine their Shape, or Locomotion, yet having a
confiderable Extent of mufcular Contraction,,
vary their Figure according to Circum-^

ftances,

Q

ftances ; of this Kind are the Sea-Anemonies,
Priapi, Shellfifli, Snails, &c., which iTiould be
allowed to die gradually, in the Water
to which they are accuftomed ; whence
they will die in a relaxed State, and difplay
more of their external Form : but it is de-
tirable to have Specimens in the different De-
grees of Expanfion and Contraction. When
dead they are immediately to be put into
Spirit, for fear of Putrefaction, which foon
happens.

Such Animals, of whatever Tribe, as are
small enough to be preferved whole, fhould be
kept in that State, as thofe which do not exceed
the Size of a fmall Dog. Such as are fo large
that they cannot pofsibly be brought Home
entire in Spirit, iliould be divided into thofe
Parts which characterize them j but only forae
of the larger Fifh, andQuadrupeds, require this

B Treatment.

10

Ti’eatment. When required, it will in the
firft Place be neceflary, to notice the external
Appearances ; the Number of Nipples in the
Female, and their Situation ; whether between
the anterior Extremities, as in the human Sub-
ject, Monkey-Tribe, Elephant, &c. j or all along
the Belly, as in the Sow, Bitch, Rat, &c. ; or be-
tween the hind Legs, as in the Mare, Cow, &c.
If the Female cannot be procured, as probably
may be the Cafe, Inquiry fhould be made con-
cerning the Nipples of the Male ; for it fome-
times happens, that the Male, as the Horfe for
Instance, has no fuch Parts. It is hardly ne-
cefiary to deferibe the external Parts of the
Female, as generally the Whole of them may
be preferved.

The Situation, and external Appearances, of
the male Organ, in its natural State, muft be re-
marked; whether it be along the Belly, as in the

Dog;

11

Dog ; pointing backwards, as in the Cat, Rat,
Rabbit, &c. ; whether covered by the common
Skin, as in the Bull, Deer, Bear, &c. ; or by a
proper Skin, and only attached to the Belly at
one Side, as in the Dog, Horfe, &c. Any other
external Part, which cannot be preferved, or
which is too large to be kept whole, Ihould
be particularly noticed.

When the Examination has proceeded thus
far, the Separation is to be begun, by opening
the Belly, &c., to fee what internal Parts are
worthy of Prefervation.

When the Animal is opened, for the Purpofe
of Separation, it will be proper to take a ge-
neral View of the Parts in their natural Situa-
tion } to examine the Number of Lobes of the
Liver, whether there be a Gall-Bladder, &c. ;
what be the Kind of Kidneys, whether con-
globate.

globate, conglomerate, or compounded, their
Situation, &c. j alio to make fuch other Ob-
fervations upon the different Organs as may be
thought neceffary ; and afterwards they may be
divided, and feverally diflinguifhed. Animals,
whofe Food is not exactly known, fhould have
the Contents of the Stomach examined, to
learn, if pofsible, what Aliment they had taken
lafl; andalfo of the Colon and Rectum, to de-
termine the Kind of Feces they contain.

Of the TREATMENT', and FRESER-
FATION, of QUADRUPEDS,

The Flead of a Quadruped fhould be
faved, on Account particularly of the Teeth ;
if too large, that Part in which the Teeth are
placed may be cut off ; but this will feldom be
neceffary.

The

13

The Feet and Tail may be kept attached to
the Skin, and dried ; or if the Skin be not pre-
ferred, the Feet and Tail only may be either
dried or put into Spirit.

The Stomach fhould be preferred in Spi-
rit, with a Part of the Duodenum ; and the
Ca?cum, with a fmall Portion of the Ilium and
Colon. But if the Animal be not too large,
it will be preferable to cut off, from the Melen-
tery, the Jejunum and Ilium, (which may be
thrown away), and then to drip do vrn, from the
Spine, the Contents of the Abdomen, beginning
at the Diaphragm, fo that the Lirer, Stomach,
Spleen, Pancreas, Colon, &c., with their At-
tachments, may be taken out together, as low
as the Rectum where it lies in the Pelris, and
then put into Spirit.

The Heart, and Lungs, may be pre-
ferred

t

14

ferved together, or, if too bulky connected,
the Heart alone.

The Contents of the Pelvis, namely, the
Bladder and Rectum, with the internal Parts
of Generation, both male and female; alfo the
external Parts, not feparated from the internal,
with a large Portion of the furrounding Skin,
are to be preferred together in Spirit.

Should the female Parts be in a State of Im-
pregnation, they are to be taken out, as before
defcribed, without opening the Uterus.

Abortions fliould be preferred whole : alfo
large Animals, as of the Whale-Tribe, when
young and of little Growth ; but when of too
advanced a Size, the Tail may be cut off below
the Anus, and the Body put into Spirit. If a
Whale, although young and comparatively

finall.

15

fmall, be too big for one Cask, the Head may
be taken off, and preferved in another.

Of a large full grown Whale, the following
Parts are to be preferved:

The Eyes, dug out, with the Skin of the
Eye-brows :

The Beginning of the Aorta, and pulmonary
Artery, for the Valves:

The Nipples of the Female, which are placed
near the Anus, with Part of the furrounding
Skin ; alfo the Ovaria, and Uterus :

The Fetus, when found in the Belly, taken
out with the whole of the Uterus, Vagina,
Ovaria, &c. :

The Organ of the Male, taken off with Part
of the Anus.

The Bones of Animals are to be preferved ;
and the Animal whofe Bones are kept, ihould,
if poffible, be full grown. The Flelh being

ftripped

l6

ftripped off, the Bones (liould be boiled, or put
into a Calk with Water, which (hould be
headed in and bunged up.

All the Parts of one Animal fliould be kept
together, and afunder from thofe of other
Creatures.

Of BIRDS,

4.

Before proceeding to divide Birds, too large
to be preferved whole, their external Appear-
ances tliould be accurately obferved.

Birds have few internal Parts of Importance
for Examination. The Hearts, and Kidneys,
of all Birds, it is fuppofed, are fimilar.

The

17

The Liver, Stomach, and Inteftines, may all
be taken out, as low as the Anus, and pre-
ferved.

The Bills of Birds fhould be kept in Spirit,
by themfelves ; and when many Specimens of
rare Birds are met with, the Heads of a
few of them fhould be taken off, for the Sake
of the horny Part of the Bill.

The Legs, and Feet, fhould be preferved j
but they may be dried.

Of FIS II.

In Fifh, Regard fhould be had to the exter-
nal Appearances j the Number of Fins, their
Shape, and where placed; &c. Their Length

C and

<

18

and Thicknefs ; and the relative Diftances, and
Proportions, of as many Parts as poffible;
fliOLild be determined.

Attention fhould alfo be paid to the follow-
ing Inftructions, relative to the Methods of
treating Fifh for Prefervation, and Inquiry.

In very large Fith, of the Ray Kind, or the
Shark, &c., firft open the Belly; then take off
the Head, with the upper Part of the Fifh, below
the Heart, acrofs the fuperior Portion of the
Liver; by which Means, the Mouths of the Ovi-
ducts, if it be a Female, the Heart, and the
Head, will all be preferved together.

The Tail is then to be taken off, if a thick
One, as that of a Shark, a little below the
Anus, and the Trunk alone is to be preferved;
but if that be too large, the Body fliould be

cut

>

10

cut through, above the Pelvis, and the Parts
put into Spirit.

If a Female, feparate the two Uteri,
through their whole Length, where they pafs
along the Abdomen, on each Side of the Spine;
but keep them attached to the Pelvis before,
and preferve the Whole,

If with Young, or Eggs, take the Whole out
in the fame Way, without opening the Uterus.

The Peculiarities of the Fetus in thefe Ani-
mals Ihould be noted.

If not of the Shark Tribe, take out fuch
Parts from the Abdomen as are uncommon.

If of the Ray Kind, cut the Filli through
Iranfverfly, at the lower Part, above the

Anus,

20

Anus. Thus a Portion, with the principal
Parts concerned in Generation, will be
faved.

The Tail may be cut off, fome Inches below
the Anus.

The Stomach, and Inteftines, may be faved,
if any Thing particular be obfervable in
them.

The Eyes of many Filh are proper Objects
for Prefervation.

Separate the Head of fuch Filh as have any
Thing lingular about the Teeth, or Gills, and
are too large to be preferved entire.

If there be fmall Ones of an interefting Kind,

keep

21

keep them whole ; but ftill preferve fuch Parts
of the large Ones as are curious.

Young Turtles are to be faved.

When Alligators, or Crocodiles, are too large
to be preferred entire, fome Parts, as the
Head, the Whole of the Vifccra, ftripped down
from the Neck to the Anus, and alfo the Anus,
fhould be put into Spirit.

Lizards may be preferv'ed whole.

Snakes are to be preferred entire, or in Part,
according to their Size,

Of INSECTS.

Most Infects, as Lobsters, Crabs, Beetles,
Flies, Butterflies, &c., may be dried ; becaufe

their

their external Covering is their hardeft Part,
and not capable of flirinking. This is to be
done when the external Form and Farts are the
only Objects of. Scrutiny ; or when fo very
fmall as to admit of no other Examination.

When internal Parts are to be examined,
which v^ill fhrink in drying, another Method
of Prefervation is to be followed.

In preparing them by drying, great Care
is to be taken to preferve all their exter-
nal Parts as perfect, and as exprellive of pro-
grefsive Action, as pofsible.

Lobfters, Crabs, and Crawfifh, when dried,
lliould be wrapt up in very foft Paper, and
then packed in Cotton, fo as not to allow
them any Motion in the Cafe, nor to touch
One-another.

Beetles,

Beetles, Butterflies, Moths, Flies, &c., fhould
be pinned down upon a Board ; or Piece of
Cork ; or upon Wax, melted, and run along the
Bottom of a flat Box : the Pins fhould be
greafed or oiled, to prevent the Juices of the
Animal from drying round them and pro-
ducing Ruft, which would render them dif-
ficult to be removed from the Infect. If they
were pointed at both Ends they would
more readily admit of being turned. The
Pins muft be made fo faft, in either of thefe
Subftances, as to allow' of the Motion of the
Box in all Directions ; and the Faftening muft
be in Proportion to the Weight of the Animal.
To preferve them for anatomical Examination,
they fhould be put into Bottles with Spirit.

Lobfters, Craw'fifh, Crabs, Beetles, &c., may
be put into a Bottle together ; or if each Clafs

be kept feparate, any Number of a Clafs may
be kept together.

Butterflies,

24

Butterflies, Moths, &c. fliould be kept by
themfelves, for if put into the fame Bottle
with the Above, their Bodies would be in-
jured.

Of EGGS.

To preferve the Eggs of Birds, with their
Nefts ; each Neft fhould be put into a round
Box, juft large enough to hold it ; fome Cotton
fhould be then laid upon the Eggs, to keep
them from moving ; and the Whole fliould be
covered with the Lid.

If the Egg be very large, as that of the
Oftrich, when near Hatching, it fliould be pre-
ferved in Spirit, on Account of the Peculiari-
ties of the Fetus of this Clafs of Animals.

The

25

The Eggs of Turtles, Lizards, Crocodiles,
Snakes, &c., (hould be collected, and, when
near Hatching, preferved, for the Peculiarities
of the Fetus ; as alfo the Eggs of all Sorts of
Infects, on the fame Account.

If a Perforation be made, bj a Pin, at each
End of the Egg, the Spirit would then have
a Paffage to the Inhde, and the Contents
would be more certainly preferved.

Various OBSERVATIONS on the MEANS
of PRESERVING different ANIMALS,

An Animal of the firmeft Kind, in a tempe-
rate Climate, may generally be preferved by
a Quantity of Proof-Spirit about equal to its
own Weight.

D

Animals

2(5

Animals of the mixed Kind, neither hard
nor foft, as fome of the foft Fifh, may per-
haps demand rather more Spirit than their
own Weight.

Soft or vv^atery Animals, as many of the
Sea, require Rectified Spirit, in nearly the fame
Proportion as the Above. But thefe are re-
lative Circumftances, which will vary accord-
ing to the Climate, and the State of the
Parts at the Time : if the Climate be very
hot ; or, although not very hot, the Parts must
remain in it for fome Time ; or the State of
them be unfavourable ; more Spirit will be
required.

The Proportion of Spirit fhould be particu-
larly attended to when Parts are large j for a
very fmall Animal, or Part, generally obtains
more than what is here directed, while a large
One has less.

27

Animals which are termed firm, are thofe
of the quadruped Kind, as Rats, ISIice, &c., and
indeed Snakes, Lizards, and all Land-Infects,
(as far as refpects the Quantity of Spirit,) may
be confidered in the fame Clafs.

In the mixed Kind, are comprehended moft
Sorts of Fifii ; there are however many Fifh
that will admit of being referred to the firft
Diftinction.

Of the watery or pulpy Kind, are reckoned
Blubbers or Medusae, Echini, Starfish, and
likewise all thofe that appear to be gelatinous;
for their internal Structure is extremely tender.

If the Animal be fmall, as a Rat, or Moufe,
it may be preferved, by immerfing it in its
own Weight of Spirit ; but if fome Spirit be
thrown into the Abdomen, fo much the better.

If

28

If it be a large Animal, it ought to have
the Thorax, and Abdomen, filled with Spirit ;
for before the Spirit can penetrate through
the Skin, the internal Parts will become
putrid. By large Animals are to be under
ftood fuch as can feldom be brought Home
entire.

A Trocar, and Syringe, will anfwer for fill-
ing both Cavities.

Large Fifh fhould be preferved in the fame
Way.

In very foft Animals, the Spirit will gene-
rally penetrate fufSciently faft to preferve the
Whole.

Animals preferved for their external Figure,
fhould be fufpended in the Attitudes in which
they are defigned to be kept.

29

Animals which are preferved merely for
DiflTection, may be put into a Bottle, or Calk,
without Sufpenlion ; and even more than one
or two in the fame Veflelj paying ftrict At-
tention to the Strength, and Proportion, of the
Spirit.

If it be intended, that two or more fliould
be put into a Calk, they Ihould however be
kept apart for fome Time; as they would
at lirft, when clofe together, make too large a
Mafs for the Spirit to penetrate.

More than one or two may be put into the
fame VelTel, when they are fufpended ; becaufe
then they cannot prefs on One-another.

According to the propofed Proportion of
Animal and Spirit, a VelTel may be half.filled
with the former.

Birds

30

Birds are feldom fo large but they may be
kept in Spirit ; in which they Ihould be fuf-
pended with Care, for the Prefervation of ex-
ternal Appearances. Many may be put into
one Veffel, but they muft not be preffed upon
One-another. The Mouth of the Veffel fhould
be wide enough to let them pafs, againft the
Direction of the Feathers.

If the Bird were put into a proper Pofition,
and rolled up in fine Linen, the Feathers being
made fmooth, the external Form might be ftill
better preferred.

If a Pipe were put into the Mouth of tho
Bird, and Spirit thrown down the Throat, it
would pafs through nearly the whole Body, by
Means of the Air-Cells; and render unneceffary
any Injection by the Anus or Abdomen.

Creatures

31

Creatures of the Lobster, or Crab Kind, may
be put into a Veffel without Sufpenfion; wrap-
ped up in Linen, for the Sake of their external
Form.

Animals of the foft, or pulpy Kind, (hould

i

be kept apart from others which are hard,
more efpecially if preferved on Account of
their external Figure } and Ihould not b6
crouded. If pofsible, they Ihould be fufpend-
ed ; thofe not firm enough to fuppOrt their own
Weight upon Threads, fliould be put into
leparate Bottles.

Shell-Fifli may be put into a Veflel in any
Manner, as the Shell preferves them from Pref-
fure; but if they died projecting' out of the
Shell, they fhould be fufpended in the Spirit.

If of the fpiral Kind, a fmall Piece of the

Shell

32

Shell fliould be broken olF at the Tip, to allow
the Spirit to enter the pofterior Parts j for the
Body of the Animal filling up the whole
Mouth of the Shell, the other End would be-
come putrid before the Spirit could get to it.

Snakes fhould have fome Spirit injected by
the Mouth, and Anus ; as they are apt to be-
come putrid, and lofe the Skin about the
Belly ; they fliould then be coiled up in clofe
fpiral Turns, round the Infide of a fmall
Yeffel.

Lizards may be fufpended by the Tails, in
long Bottles. Of thofe which are very long,
the Tail may be bent upon the Body, or rolled
in fpiral Turns on the Infide of the Veflel.

The Echinus, with the Spines, Ihould be
wrapped up in Cotton, and either put into a

wide

33

wide-mouthed Bottle, or into a round Box,
with Holes in it, fo as not to touch nor prefs
upon the Sides ; the Bottle being then filled
with, or the Box immerfed in. Spirit.

For Sufpenfion in a Barrel, Animals may-
be fixed to Cords, ftretched acrofs its Mouth :
the Top fhould then be put in, and the Spirit
added afterwards.

The Barrels fhould, in general, be deep.

Animals, or Parts, which are put into Spirit,
fliouldhave it changed; because the first Spirit,
which enters the Sub fiance of the Part to be
preferved, will be confiderably lowered, and
discoloured, by the Juices of the Animal : it
may not be neceffary to change it oftner than
once ; the proper Period for doing which will
be, about a Fortnight after the firfi Immerfion ;

E for

34

for by this Time the firft Spirit will have
united fufficiently with the Substance, and
checked Putrefaction, fo far as fuch diluted
Spirit can effect that purpofe ; but it will
not be fufficiently ftrong to continue the Pre-
fervation of the Part: the Time however will
vary according to Circumftances. If in a hot
Climate, the Spirit may require to be changed
fooner ; if in a cold one, later ; if the Part be
foft, or gelatinous, it will alfo call for earlier
Attention than One which is hard, or firm.

Another Advantage arifing from a Spirit fuf-
ficiently ftrong is, its own Prefervation ; for,
when much diluted, and joined with the ani-
mal Juices, it will acquire an acid Quality, by
which the Bones will be foftened, and made
unfit for a Skeleton.

The Glafs or Jar, containing any Article in
Spirit, fliould firft be ftopped with Cork ; over

this

35

this fliould be extended a Piece of moiftened
Bladder, or of the recent Skin of an Animal ;
the Whole of which, when dry, may be coated
with Relin or Wax. But relinous, or waxen
Matter, is not to be ufed to feal the Surface of
the Cork itfelf j for, if that were done, the Spi-
rit would penetrate and foften the Cement,
and thus form a Varnifli, which would mix
with the Spirit, and adhere to the Subftance
preferved in it.

Animals which are dried, fhould be fo pack-
ed or dilpofed, as to allow of being aired occa-
fionally j and, if likely to become mouldy,
lliould be wafhed with Spirit by a Hair-Pencil,
and thoroughly dried before they are iRut up
again.

An Acquaintance with the System of Lix-
N^us would greatly help every Endeavour
to acquire, or promote, natural Knowledge.

30

Of EXTRANEOUS FOSSILS.

It is judged proper to add a few Observa-
tions on Extraneous Foffils ; towards fulfill-
ing the Intentions of Mr. Hunter — to display
the Agencies of Nature, and their Effe^s, in
all the Modes of Animal Existence; andalfo,
(as manifefted by very interefting Parts of his
Collection,) through allthe Changes of which
Animal Bodies are susceptible.

By Extraneous Foflils are to be underftood,
animal and vegetable Subftances, which, from
long Refidence in the Earth, have acquired
foffil Characters.

The foffilized Remains of large Animals,
which, of late Years, have engaged the Atten-
tion

37

tion of Naturalifts, have been difcovered, chief-
ly, in Parts contiguous to the Sea, to Rivers, or
Lakes; although fometimes in high Places,
remote from Water.

The Changes which happen Underground,
are generally deftructive of all the diftin-
guilhing Parts of an Animal, except Bone.
Whenever, therefore, any foft Part, fo termed,
with its diftindive Charadiers preferved, is
found, it is to be treated with the utmoft
Tendernefs and Care. It fhould be expofed as
little as poffible to the open Air; and, in
packing, fhould be guarded againft Attrition,
firft by the fofteft Paper, then by more refift-
ing Materials, as Cotton, Tow, Wool, Flannel,
Horfe-Hair, Sponge, &c.

The Parts effential for Prefervation, and
anatomical Inquiry, on any Occafion, may be

underftood

38

imderftood from the foregoing Directions, 're-
fpecting the Organs of various Creatures. But
the Specimens of Extraneous Foffils, of the
animal Creation, are fo few, of fo little Variety,
and it is fo difficult to obtain the Whole, even
of the Bones, of a foffilized Animal, that every
explored Part, in whatever State, maybe con-
fidered as worthy of Prefervation.

With a View to the Knowledge of the
Structure, and Economy, of an Animal of a
Tribe extinct, of doubtful Exiftence, or of
rare Occurrence, it is defirable that many
Particulars, in Writing, fliould accompany
its Bones, Skin, or other Fragments.

Upon tlie Difcovery, therefore, of an Extra-
neous Pofsil, every Circumftance which can
tend to explain the Race of Creature to which
it belonged j its primary Situation ; Mode of

Subfiftence,

39

Subfiftence, and of Propagation ; its Inftru-
ments of Locomotion, and of Defence ; &c. ;
ought to be noted. Alfo, Portions of the
Stratum, from the Spot in which the Fofsil
lay, and from a Part feveral Yards beyond it,
Ihould be collected, for Analyfes.

The following propofed Heads of Columns,
would probably be favourable to Inquiry
on the Subject, and to Perfpicuity in the
Arrangement of Facts.

Place w’here found. Diftance from Sea,
River, or Lake. Degree of Elevation. Lati-
tude, and Climate. Diftance from Forest, or
Plain. Indigenous Trees, and Plants. Na-
tive Animals. Depth found. Strata, to the
Partw'here found. Stratum in which difco-
vered; Polition, or Situation, in which it lay.
Relicks of Extraneous FolTils obferved with it.

Other

40

Other Difcoveries of Extraneous Foflils, in the
fame Place, or its Vicinity. Mifcellaneous
Remarks.

But the Name of the Place, and the Kind
of Matrix, in which an Extraneous Foffil is
found, are the principal Points necefiary to be
determined : and it is hoped, that the College
will not be deprived of any Extraneous Foflil,
becaufe, at the Time of its Difcovery, other
Particulars were not afcertained, or not
recorded.

The preceding Directions, and Observa-
tions, are defigned, principally, for Tra-
vellers of Refearch and public Spirit. — These
Supplementary Remarks, claim the At-
tention, particularly, of Surgeons, and other
Perfons converfant with Anatomy, zealous for
the Improvement of the Healing- Art.

As

41

As the Provifions, and Refources, of Nature,
Ihewn in extraordinary, or monstrous For-
mations, affift in explaining her Intentions in
the ordinary Structure of Organs, and elucidate
the general Economy of Animals, fuch Pro-
ductions are of valuable Confideration. No
Occurrence of the Kind, therefore, fhould be
neglected. If the whole Animal cannot be
kept, the Parts, at leaft, which have im-
mediate Relation to the Circum fiance of Mon-
flrofity, fliould be preferved.

A Senfe of the Importance of Preparations
of MORBID Parts, to the Cultivation of the
Knowledge of Difeafes, it is expected will ap-
pear by liberal Donations. A fhort and plain
Account of the Cafe, in which a morbid
Change has happened in any Part, would add
greatly to the Utility of a Preparation of the
Subject.

Animals

42

Animals frequently afford Inftances of ex-
traordinary Productions; and of Expreffions of
Deviations from the healthy Condition, and
Offices, of Parts ; ufeful in explaining
Alterations in the human Organs, befides
advancing veterinary Knowledge. Examples
of fuch Productions, and Expressions, are
therefore to be fought for, among Perfons who
have Opportunities of making Obfervations
upon dead Animals.

Provifion is made in the College, for record-
ing, and handing down, all the Circum-
stances appertaining to every Donation for
the Museum.

THE END.

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