BLM LIBRARY

88005785

EASTERN STATES

BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Endangered Plants

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EASTERN STATES ENDANGERED PLANTS

Prepared By

Brad B. Nelson Wildlife Biologist

Raymond E. Arndt Natural Resource Specialist

U.S. Department of the Interior

Bureau of Land Management

Eastern States Office

350 South Pickett Street

Alexandria, Virginia 22304

July 1980

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

I. Introduction 1

II. Federally Listed Endangered and Threatened Plants

Key to map symbols 4

Northern Wild Monkshood 5

Virginia Round-leaf Birch 10

Furbish' s Lousewort 12

Green Pitcher Plant 14

Chapman Rhododendron 17

Harper's Beauty 19

Persistent Trillium 21

Bunched Arrowhead 24

Tennessee Purple Conef lower 27

Hairy Rattleweed 29

III. State Listed Endangered and Threatened Plants

Alabama 32

Arkansas 32

Connecticut 32

Delaware 32

Florida 33

Georgia 40

Illinois 47

Indiana 62

Iowa 62

Kent ucky 62

Louisiana 62

Maine 63

Ma ryland 63

Massachusetts 63

Michigan 63

Minnesota 72

Mississippi 72

Missouri 72

New Hampshire 73

New Jersey 73

New York 74

North Carolina 75

Ohio 76

Pennsylvania 93

Rhode Island 93

South Carolina 94

Tennessee 94

Vermont 94

Virginia 97

West Virginia 97

Wisconsin 98

Page

IV. Plants within Eastern States Jurisdiction which may be Federally Listed during Fiscal Year 1981

V. State Agencies

103 105

EASTERN STATES ENDANGERED PLANTS Introduction

The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) is vitally concerned with the protection and management of threatened and endangered plant habitat in the Eastern United States. Its responsibilities encompass approximately 60,000 acres of public land, thousands of islands and over 39 million acres of subsurface mineral rights.

EASTERN STATES ENDANGERED PLANTS provides lists of all Federal and state listed threatened and endangered species in the 31 states adjoining and east of the Mississippi River. The publication also contains county locational information for many of the listed plants, drawings and descriptions of the federally listed plants, bibliographies and names of agencies to contact for further information.

EASTERN STATES ENDANGERED PLANTS may be useful to more than just government employees preparing environmental reports. Any botanist, ecologist, forester, zoning officer, city planner, reclamation specialist or student may find this information helpful. The status information contained here is current as of March 1980.

I. Why We're Concerned

Background

The plant kingdom forms an essential and irreplaceable component of man's environment. A wide diversity of plant species are needed to vegetate the many diverse habitats of the world and maintain ecological stability. As diversity decreases, stability decreases. Man has learned that agricultural and forest monocultures create ecological instability causing environmental problems.

At least 90 species of plants have become extinct or nearly extinct in the United States during the last two hundred years. Many more hundreds of species of plants are known to be in danger of extinction. It was not until 1973 that the U.S. Government acknowledged the seriousness of this loss of plant diversity by passing legislation known as the Endangered Species Act of 1973. The Act provided a means of protecting plants deemed to be in danger of extinction, as well as their dependent ecosystems.

Bureau of Land Management Responsibilities in the Eastern United States

The Bureau of Land Management has management and leasing responsibilities for millions of acres of subsurface mineral rights in the East. The care that is taken to locate the endangered plants and to protect their habitats during minerals development will have a significant effect on the endangered plants populations in the Eastern United States.

In" August, 1971, the Secretary of the Interior issued a memorandum that outlined the Department's policy towards endangered species. He told Interior's employees: "I expect you to encourage, plan and carry out deliberate, aggressive programs to benefit endangered species which occur on lands you administer, which use habitat under your control, or which may be affected by your programs. In addition, I expect you to take whatever actions are necessary to prevent any native animal from becoming endangered." BLM Manual 6840 states the Bureau's responsibilities for protection of endangered species. BLM Instruction Memorandum No. 79-64 clearly states, The Endangered Species act of 1973... added a requirement that endangered or threatened plants be identified and conserved.... The official Federal listing of a plant species (as endangered or threatened) creates a non-discretionary, legally binding obligation on the part of BLM to use all it's authorities to prevent the extinction of the plants as well as to avoid any action which would jeopardize the species' existence."

BLM cooperates closely with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and state natural resource agencies to identify endangered and threatened species. In its planning process, BLM highlights the location and condition of endangered species habitat and, on BLM administered public lands, suggests methods of maintaining or enhancing this habitat. BLM can designate endangered or rare species habitat areas as Areas of Critical Environmental Concern and provide special protection to the plants and their habitat. During the environmental assessment process, BLM identifies impacts of its proposed actions on endangered species. The identification of endangered species often results in the modification or rejection of proposals that are thought to significantly impact endangered species.

FEDERALLY LISTED ENDANGERED AND THREATENED PLANTS

The Endangered Species Office of the Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for the direction of the Federal Endangered Species Program. The Endangered Species Office systematically lists plants as endangered or threatened. The listing process is continuous and the plant list is periodically updated. Listing changes can result in additions to the list, deletions from the list or changes in status of plants on the list. A primary goal of the program is to identify the habitat of endangered or threatened plants and protect critical habitat areas.

At the time this publication was prepared, there were ten plants listed as endangered or threatened in the Eastern United States. A drawing of each plant has been included in this section of the report along with a description of the plant, its range and its habitat.

KEY TO MAP SYMBOLS

H = Historic

P = Present Ranee

Historic distribution of Plant.

Species has been sighted or collected in this county during the past 20 years, and its occurrence has been documented.

C = Designated Critical Habitat

An area determined by rulemaking to contain those physical and biological elements necessary for survival of the species.

Northern Wild Monkshood Aconitum noveboracense

Description:

Range:

Habitat:

Reference:

Blue flowers, with an enlarged, helmet-shaped upper sepal. The distinctive flowers are about 3/4" long and borne in short clusters. Leaves very deeply cleft into 3-5 irregularly lobed segments and sparsely hairy in margins. Two upper petals consisting of small spur-shaped bodies raised on long claws and concealed under the helmet. Height ranged from 0.2 to 1 meter high. Flowers in June and July.

New York to Wisconsin and Iowa (see maps).

Rich woods, shaded ravines and damp slopes.

Fernald, M.L. 1950. Gray's Manual of Botany. 8th edition 1632 p. N.Y.: American Book Co.

NORTHERN WILD MONKSHOOD

A conitum noveboracense

Threatened

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Virginia Round-leaf Birch Betula uber

Description: Small dark-barked tree, 6-8 meters (18-24 ft.) high. The

glabrous leaves are broadly rounded at both ends with coarsely dentate margins. The samaras are broadly cuneate (wedge shaped), the wings broadened upward and narrow.

Range: Found only in the mountains of Smythe County, Virginia.

Habitat: Little known. Wooded hillsides.

Reference: Fernald, M.L. 1950 Gray's Manual of Botany. 8th edition. 1632 p. N.Y.: American Book Co.

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Furbish' s Lousewort Pedicularis forbishiae

Description: Tall, 40 to 90 mm. high. Leaves are pinnately parted and the short oblong divisions pinnaf id-incised. Calyx 5 lobed, upper lip of corolla straight. Flowers in July and August.

Range: Northern Maine and New Brunswick; along the banks of St. John's River.

Habitat: Woods, clearings, and riverbanks.

Reference: Gruber, D. 1977. The Mighty Furbish' s Lousewort. Harvard Magazine 79(7):54-55.

Sparks, Z. 1977. Saga of the Furbish Lousewort. Brookland Botonic Garden Record: Plants and Gardens 33(1 ) : 13-14

12

FURBISH'S LOUSEWORT

Pedicularis furbishiae

Endangered

13

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Description:

Range :

Green Pitcher Plant Sarracenia oreophila

A perinnial herb with yellow flowers and pitcher-like leaves, The green to yellow-green leaves are 20-75 cm (8-30 inches) long. Flowering from mid-April to early June.

In northeastern Alabama, it is found in Cherokee County, Dekalb County, and Marshall County.

In Georgia, a population is found in Towns County near Lake Chatuge. The green pitcher plant possibly occurred in Fentress County, Tennessee, but no present populations are known.

Habitat

Reference :

Grows in shaded areas along sandy streams and in moist mesic woodlands. Also occurs in acidic depressions. Often associated with areas which have recently been burned or have experienced some mild ecological disturbance.

McDaniel, S. 1971. The Genus Sarracenia (Sarraceniaceae) Bull. Tall Timbers Research Station No. 9. Tallahassee, Florida.

14

ALABAMA

GREEN PITCHER PLANT

Sarracenia oreophila

Endangered

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GEORGIA

GREEN PITCHER PLANT

Sarracenia oreophila

Endangered

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Description:

Range:

Chapman Rhododendron Rhododendron chapmanii

An evergreen shrub that grows to about 2 m (6 1/2 ft.) tall. Short, alternate leaves with entire margins and oval in shape. Surface of leaves wrinkled with brown dots. Terminal rose pink flowers appearing in clusters. The five slightly unequal petals are fused at the base with 10 stamens projecting out of each flower. Flowering occurs in March and April.

Found in Clay, Gulf, Gadsden and Liberty Counties, Florida. The Clay County population is located on a National Guard installation.

Habitat: Grows in the ecotonal region where the drier pine-turkey oak vegetation borders the moist titi (Cyrilla racemiflora) bogs,

Reference: Ward, D.B. 1979. Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida. Univeristy Presses of Florida. Vol. V, p. 175. Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 1979. U.S. Department of Interior Vol. IV (5).

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Rhododendron chapmanii

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FLORIDA

Description:

Range:

Habitat

Reference:

Harper's Beauty Harperocallis flava

A perennial herb with stiff leaves and a solitary yellow flower. Each flower has six petals, six stamens, and a superior ovary, typical of the lily family. Petals are yellow above, greenish beneath and become entirely green when the plant is in fruit. Flowering occurs from mid-April through May and fruits are mature in July. When not in flower, Harperocallis looks very similar to Narthecium and some species of Toliedia.

Found at three locations all within the Apalachicola National Forest in Franklin and Liberty Counties, Florida.

Found along moist roadside ditches and in open pineland bogs. Seems to be most closely associated with buckwheat tree (Clif tonia monophylla) and odorless bayberry (Myrica inodora) . In wetter situations, associated with trumpet pitcherplant Sarracenia flava, parrot pitcherplant (S. psittacina) and pleea (Pleea tenuifolia). Pond pine (pinus serotina) is the most prevalent tree species associated with these bog habitats.

Ward, D.B. 1979. Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida, University Presses of Florida Vol. V, p. 175.

Endangered Species Technical Bulletin, 1979. U.S. Department of the Interior, Vol IV (11).

HARPER'S BEAUTY

Harperocallis flava

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Persistent Trillium Trillium persistens

Description: A perennial herb up to 25 cm. (10 inches) tall with a single whorl of three large leaves, typical of all trillium species. Leaves are up to 9 cm. (4 inches) long and taper to a pointed apex, distinquishing it from similar Trilliums. The single flower has three white petals which turn purple as the flower ages. Flowering occurs from March through April. The fruit is a follicle present during April and June.

Range :

Found in the Tallulah-Tugaloo River system in Rabun and Habersham Counties, Georgia and Oconee County, South Carolina.

Habitat

Grows in deciduous and conifer-deciduous woods on steep slopes in close association with Rhododendron maximum or Riminus . Usually rooted in well-decomposed litter and loose loam.

Reference: Georgia's Protected Plants. 1977. Georgia Department of Natural Resources, p. 64.

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PERSISTENT TRILLIUM

Trillium persistens

Endangered

SOUTH CAROLINA

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Bunched Arrowhead Sagittoria fasciculata

Description: An emersed aquatic perennial herb 6 to 13 inches tall with

long-stalked leaves, 12 inches long and 3/4 inches wide. The flowering stalk is erect with upper flowers male and lower flowers female. Male flowers have three reflexed sepals, three white petals, and numerous stamens with pubescent dilated filaments. Female flowers have three spreading or reflexed sepals, three white petals and numerous separate carpels. The stalks of the lowest whorl of flowers ascend in fruit, and the fruiting head is of numerous achenes. Flowering and fruiting occur from May to July.

Range:

Found only at two sites, one in Henderson County, North Carolina and one in Greenville County, South Carolina.

Habitat

Grows in spring seepage areas, and swamps, bogs, and streams which have little water flow but are not stagnant. Grows best in sandy loams in full sunlight.

Reference: Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 1979. U.S. Department of the Interior. Vol. IV (8).

North Carolina Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants. 1977. North Carolina State Museum of Natural History, p. 56-142.

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Tennessee Purple Coneflower Echinacea tennesseensis

Description: A perennial herb, 10-40 cm (4-16 inches) tall with up to four unbranched stems. Narrow leaves are crowded at the base of the stem becoming more distant upwards. Flowers are pink to purplish-pink appearing in mid-June to September.

Range:

Found only in north central Tennessee in Davidson, Rutherford and Wilson Counties. Part of the Wilson County population is located in Lebanon State Forest.

Habitat

Grows in shallow limestone soil in dry, open areas bordered by red cedar.

Reference: Endangered Species Technical Bulletin. 1979. U.S. Department of the Interior. Vol. IV (7).

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Hairy Rattleweed Baptisia arachnifera

Description: A perennial herb 50-80 cm. (19 to 31 inches) tall and covered with cobwebby hairs. Leaves are heart shaped, green above, slightly yellow below. Flowers are yellow, arranged alternately, with five petals. Flowering period from late June through July. Fruit is a legume.

Range:

Found only in two counties in southeastern Georgia; Wayne and Brantley counties.

Habitat: Mostly found as ground cover in open pine woods on sandy soil Sometimes found in mixed woodlands.

Reference: Georgia's Protected Plants. 1977. Georgia Department of Natural Resources, p. 64.

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STATE LISTED ENDANGERED AND THREATENED PLANTS

The Bureau of Land Management will accord official state listed species the full protection that the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended, requires. This means the Bureau will make an intensive search for the official state listed plants in all areas where projects are planned which could have a significant impact on the listed plants or their habitat. However, the BLM State Director may determine that current information on the occurrence of a plant species is adequate to allow a specific action.

The 31 states within the jurisdiction of Eastern States BLM are in various stages of their endangered plant programs. Nine states have official endangered plant lists. By official list, we mean a list which has passed the legislature and offers protection for the listed species. These nine states include Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Vermont, and Wisconsin. Many other states have developed endangered plant lists but they have not been passed by their legislature, and therefore are not protected by any laws or regulations. Some states are presently conducting field inventories to determine which plants are rare and in need of protection.

Over the past decade, many animals have been classified as endangered. However, listing plants as endangered or threatened is a relatively new idea. Many people are not aware of the need to protect rare plants and therefore do not support legislation to protect them. With increased public awareness and educational programs, people may become more receptive to the need to protect their native flora.

31

• , ALABAMA

Status: Unofficial List

Alabama does not have an official endangered plant list which has been approved by the legislature and offers protection to it's rare plants. However, in 1976 a symposium was held by the Game and Fish Division of the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources and the University of Alabama on Endangered and Threatened Plants and Animals of Alabama. A preliminary list of over 200 endangered and threatened plants was compiled by a committee of botanists and nresented at this symposium.

This preliminary list may serve as a stimulus for further study of rare plants and encourage the legislature to pass laws to protect these species.

Reference: Endangered and Threatened Plants and Animals of Alabama. University of Alabama, 1976.

ARKANSAS

Status: Unofficial List

Arkansas does not have an official list of endangered plants which has been approved by the legislature. However, in the Arkansas Natural Area Plan, 75 species are considered "rare but without detailed distributional data." Research is continuing to complete a detailed inventory of plants found in Arkansas.

Reference: Arkansas Natural Area Plan

Arkansas Department of Planning. 1974.

CONNECTICUT

Status: Unofficial List

Connecticut does not have an official endangered plant list, although research is continuing to inventory the native flora of the state. Botanists realize the need to protect Connecticut's rare plants and are working towards that goal.

Reference: Rare and Endangered Species of Connecticut and their Habitats by J.J. Dowhan and R.J. Craig, 1976.

DELAWARE

Status: Unofficial List

Delaware has a proposed list of endangered and threatened plants and research is continuing to assess the status of all the native flora. Delaware and Maryland are cooperating on an inventory of the eastern shore flora. Delaware may try to preserve and protect specific areas where rare plants occur rather than protect specific plants.

32

FLORIDA

Status: Official List

Florida passed an official Endangered and Threatened Plant List in 1978. The law reads "With regard to any plant on the Endangered Plant List provided in subsection (2), it is unlawful for any person:

1. To willfully injure or destroy any such plant growing on the private land of another without first obtaining the written permission of the owner of the land or his legal representative.

2. To willfully injure or destroy any such plant growing on any public land or water without first obtaining the written permission of the superintendent or custodian of such land or water and a permit from the department as provided in this section.

3. To willfully harvest, collect, pick or remove less than three individual plants of a given species listed on the Endangered Plant List from the private land of another without first obtaining the written permission of the owner of the land or his legal representative, or from any public land or water without first obtaining the written permission of the superintendent or custodian of such land or water.

4. To willfully harvest, collect, pick or remove three or more individual plants of a given species listed on the Endangered Plant List from any native habitat without first obtaining the written permission of the owner of the land or his legal representative or, in the case of public land or water, the written permission of the superintendent or custodian of such land or water, and a permit from the department as provided in this section..."

Basically, the same laws apply to threatened species. Persons violating these regulations will be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree.

Reference: Plants

Rare and Endangered Biota of Florida

Daniel Ward (Ed)

University Presses of Florida, 1978.

Florida's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants

Annonaceae

1) Annona glabra Pond apple Threatened

2) Asiminia pygmaea Pink pawpaw Threatened

Aristolochiaceae

3) Aristolochia tomentasa Dutchman's pipe Threatened

33

Florida's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants (cont.)

Asclepiadaceae

4) Asclepias curtisii Boraginaceae

5) Tournefortia gnaphalodes

6) Tournefortia hirsutissima

Bromeliaceae

7) Catopsis sp.

8) Guzraania sp.

9) Tillandsia fasciculata

Cactaceae

10) Cereua gracilis

11) Cereus robinii

Calycanthaceae

12) Calycanthus floridus Campanulaceae

13) Lobelia cordinalis Commelinaceae

14) Commelina gigas Compositae

15) Liatris ohlingeri Cornaceae

16) Cornus florida and Cornus alternifolia

Cucurbitaceae

17) Clusia rosea

18) Cucurbita okeechobiensis

Sandhill milkweed

Sea lavender Tournefortia

broraeliad bromeliad Wild pine bromeliad

Prickly apple cactus Tree cactus

Strawberry bush

Cardinal flower

Giant dewf lower

Gay feather

Dogwood

Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Endangered Endangered Endangered

Endangered Endangered

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Balsam apple Okeechobee

Threatened Threatened

34

Florida's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants (cont.)

Ericaceae

19) Rhododendron austrinum

20) Rhododendron chapraanii

21) Epigaea repens

22) Kalmia hirsuta

23) Kalmia latifolia

Iridaceae

24) Nemastylis floridana

25) Sphenostigma coelestina

Lauraceae

26) Pinckneya pubens Leguminesae

27) Cassia keyensis

28) Cercis canadensis

Orange azalea

Chapman rhodendron

Trailing arbutus

Wicky

Mountain laurel

Fall- flowering ixia Bartram's ixia

Fever tree

Key cassia Red bud

Endangered Endangered Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Endangered Threatened

Leitneriaceae

29) Leitneria floridana Liliaceae

30) Zephyranthes atamasco

31) Erythronium americanum

32) Lilium catesbaei

33) Smilax smallii

Limnanthaceae

34) Ceratiola eriocoides Magnolia ceae

35) Magnolia ashei

36) Magnolia pyramidata

Myrtaceae

37) Euglenia confusa and E. simpsonii

Oleaceae

38) Chionanthes pygamaeus

Corkwood

Zephyr lily

Dogtooth lily or violet

Pine lily

Jackson vine

Sand cedar

Ashe magnolia Pyramidal magnolia

Redberry and Simpson euglenia

Fringetree or Granny- graybeard

Threatened

Endangered Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Endangered Endangered

Threatened

Endangered

35

Florida's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants (cont.)

Oleaceae (cont.)

39) Chionanthes virginicus Ophioglessaceae

40) Ophioglossum palmatum Orchidaceae

41) Cyrtopodium punctatum

42) Encyclia boothiana

43) Ionopsis utricularioides

44) Maxillaria crassifolia

45) Polyrrhiza lindenii

46) Sarracenia - all species native to the state

Fringegree or Granny- graybeard

Hand fern

Cowhorn or cigar orchid

Dollar orchid

Delicate ionopsis orchid

Orchid

Ghost orchid

Pitcher Plant

Threatened

Endangered

Endangered Endangered Endangered Endangered Endangered Endangered

Palmae

47) Roystonea elata

48) Coccothrinax argentata

Polypodiaceae

49) Asplenium auritum

50) Blechnum occidentale

51) Campyloneurum angustif olium

52) Dennstaedtia bipinnata

Rosaceae

53) Malus angustifolia Rubiaceae

54) Strumfia maritima

55) Catesbaea parviflora

Sapindaceae

56) Cupania glabra Saxif ragaceae

57) Ribes echinellum Taxaceae

58) Taxus floridana

59) Torreya taxifolia

Florida royal palm Silver palm

Auricled spleenwort Sinkhole fern Narrow swamp fern Cuplet fern

Crab apple

Pr ide-of-big-pine Dune lily-thorn

Cupania

Miccosukee gooseberry

Florida yew Florida torreya

Endangered Endangered

Endangered Endangered Endangered Endangered

Threatened

Endangered Threatened

Threatened

Endangered

Endangered Endangered

36

Florida's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants (cont.)

Zygophyllaceae

60) Guaiacum sanctum no common name Endangered

The following plants are threatened:

61) Bromelaids - all species of the bromeliad family, sometimes known as air plants, or wild pines, native to the state except Tillandsia usneoides, the Spanish moss and Tillandsia recurvata, the ball moss, and except those included on the Endangered Plant List.

62) Cacti - all native species of cacti, except the spreading or prostrate-growing species of Opuntia, which are specifically excluded from this section, and except those included in the Endangered Plant List.

63) Orchids - all species of the orchid family, both epiphytic and terrestrial, native to the state, except thopse included in the Endangered Plant List.

64) Ferns - all species of the fern families native to the state except Osmunda (cinnamon and royal fern) and Pteris aquilinum (common bracken), which are specifically excluded from this section, and except those included in the Endangered Plant List.

65) Ilex - all species (holly), except Ilex glabra (gall berry) which is specifically excluded from this section.

66) Palms - all species of the palm family native to the state except Serenoa repens (Saw palmetto), and except those included in the Endangered Plant List.

67) Peperomia - all species native to the state (pepper).

68) Rhodendron - all native species (azalea), except those included in the Endangered Plant List.

69) Zamia - all species native to the state (coontie).

70) Zephyranthes - all white species (zephyr lily), except those included in the Endangered Plant List.

71) Chyrsophyllum olivaeforme Satin leaf

72) Cienfuegosia heterophylla Yellow hibiscus

73) Cordia sesbestena Geiger tree

74) Garberia fruticosa Garberia

75) Gordonia lasianthus Loblolly-bay

37

76) Illicum floridanum and I.

parvif lorum

77) Jacquinia keyensis

78) Licaria triandra

79) Mimusops emarginata

80) Pavonia spinifex

81) Piscidia piscipula

82) Scaevola pluraieri

83) Suriana maritima

84) Swietenia mahogoni

85) Tetrazygia bicolor

86) Thespesia populnea

Anise shrubs

Joewood

Gulf licaria

Dilly

Yellow hibiscus

Fish-fuddle or Jamaica dogwood

Scaevola

Bay cedar

Mahogany

Tetrazygia

Mahoe

38

Occurrence of Endangered and Threatened Plants in Florida by County*

Species Reference

Species Reference

County

Number

County

Number

Alachua

33

Lafayette Lake

33 4,24,33

Baker

25,33

Lee

4,10

Bay

19,23,33,35,46

Leon

33

Bradford

25,33

Levy

29,33,50

Brevard

4,5,24

Liberty

19,20,23,33,46,58,59

Broward

5,14,24,40,48

Madison

33

Calhoun

16,19,23,33,46

Manatee

10

Charlotte

4,10

Marion

4,33

Citrus

33

Martin

4,5,14

Clay

4,20,25,33

Monroe

7,10,11,27,41,42,54,

Collier

4,7,10,44,47,49

,51

55,56,60

Columbia

33

Nassau

33

Dade

5,7,8,10,40,41,

42,47

48,51

Okeechobee

4,14

Desoto

4

Orange

4,24

Dixie

33

Osceola

4,24

Duval

33

Palm Beach

4,5,14,18,40

Escambia

19,21,23,33,46

Pasco Pinellas

33

4

Flagler

24,33

Polk

4,38

Franklin

29,33,46

Putnam

4,25,33

Gadsden

16,19,20,23,31,

33

St. Johns

25,33

Gilchrist

33

St. Lucie

4,5,14

Glades

14,18

Santa Rosa

19,21,23,33,35,46

Gulf

19,20,33,46

Sarasota Seminole

10 4,24,52

Hamilton

33

Sumpter

4,33

Hardee

4

Suwannee

23,33

Hendry

4,14,18

Hernando

33,50

Taylor

33

Highlands

4,14,33,38

Hillsborough

4,33

Union

25,33

Holmes

19,23,33,46

Volusia

24,33

Indian River

4,5

Wakulla

29,33

Jackson

19,23,33,46,59

Walton

19,21,23,33,35,46

Jefferson

33,57

Washington

19,23,33,35,46

information not included for 1,2,3,9,12,13,15,17,22,26,28,30,32,34,36,37,39, 43,45,53,61-86.

39

• , GEORGIA

Status: Official List

Georgia has one of the most advanced endangered plant programs in the east. It offers protection to 58 plants. The law protecting these plants states:

(a) no person within this State shall cut, dig, pull up or otherwise remove any protected species from public land unless such person has secured an appropriate permit from the Department.

(b) no person within this State shall sell or offer for sale, for any purpose, any protected plant species, unless such species was grown on private land and is being sold by the landowner or with the permission of the landowner.

(c) no person within the State shall transport, carry, or otherwise convey any protected plant species from the land or another unless each shipment thereof has affixed a tag supplied by the Department showing that the person so transporting, carrying, or conveying such protected species has removed such specimen(s) from the private lands of another person with the permission of such other person and has a written document in his possession evidencing such permission, and further evidencing that such specimen has not been sold in violation of section (b) above.

The penalty for violating this law is a misdemeanor charge.

Publication: Georgia's Protected Plants

Georgia Department of Natural Resources 1977

Georgia's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants

Berberidaceae

1) Jeffersonia diphylla Twinleaf Endangered Brassicaceae

2) Draba aprica Whitlow-wort Endangered Caprif oliaceae

3) Viburnum bracteatum Arrow-wood Endangered Caryophyllaceae

4) Silene polypetala Fringed Campion Endangered

40

Georgia's Official List of Threatened and Endangered Plants (cont.)

Cyperaceae

5) Carex biltmoreana

6) Fimbristylis perpusilla

Diapensiaceae

7) Shortia galacifolia var,

galacifolia

Ericaceae

8) Elliottia racemosa Fabaceae

9) Baptisia arachnifera Liliaceae

10) Hymenocallis coronaria

11) Veratrum woodii

12) Trillium persistens

Lythraceae

13) Lythrum curtissi Poaceae

14) Panicum hirstii Primulaceae

15) Trientalis borealis Rosaceae

16) Potentilla tridentata Salicaceae

17) Salix floridana Sapotaceae

18) Bumelia thornei

Carex Fimbristylis

Oconee-bells

Georgia plume

Hairy rattleweed

Spider-lily False hellebore Persistent trillium

Loosestrife

Panic grass

Star-flower

Willow

Buckthorn

Endangered Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered Endangered Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Three-toothed cinquefoil Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

41

Georgia's Official List of Threatened and Endangered Plants (cont.)

Sarraceniaceae

19) Sarracenia purpurea

20) Sarracenia rubra

Scrophulariaceae

21) Amphianthus pusillus

22) Lindernia saxicola

Taxaceae

23) Torreya taxifolia Apiaceae

24) Oxypolis canbyi Asteraceae

25) Cacalia diversifolia

26) Echinaceae laevigata

27) Hartwrightia floridana

28) Senecio millefolium

Brassicaceae

29) Arabis georgiana

30) Leavenworthia exigua var.

lutea

Flytrap, Indian pitcher Sweet pitcher-plant

Amphianthus False pimpernel

Stinking cedar

Cow-bone, Hog-fennel

Indian plantain Purple coneflower Hartwrightia Ragwort

Rock cress Leavenworthia

Endangered Endangered

Endangered Endangered

Endangered

Threatened

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Crassulaceae

31) Sedum pus ilium Cuscutaceae

32) Cuscuta harperi Cyperaceae

33) Carex amplisquama

34) Carex misera

35) Carex purpurifera

Ericaceae

36) Rhododendron prunifolium

Sedum, Stonecrop

Dodder

Carex Carex Carex

Plumleaf azalea

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened

42

Georgia's Official List of Threatened and Endangered Plants (cont.)

Fagaceae

37) Quercus oglethorpensis Haloragaceae

38) Myriophyllum laxum Hamamelidaceae

39) Fothergilla gardenii Isoetaceae

40) Isoetes melanospora Lamiaceae

41) Calamintha dentata

42) Physostegia veronisiformis

43) Scutellaria aestivalis

Lauraceae

44) Litsea aestivalis Orchidaceae

45) Cypripedium acaule

46) Cypripedium calceolus var.

pubescens

Poaceae

47) Schizachyrium niveum Polypodiaceae

48) Asplenium heteroresiliens Ranunculaceae

49) Hydrastis canadensis

50) Thalictrum debile

Rosaceae

51) Waldensteinia lobata

Oglethorpe oak

Water-milfoil

Dwarf witch-alder

Quillwort

Calamintha

False dragon-head

Lanrge-f lowered shellcap

Pond-bush

Schizachyrium

Spleenwort

Golden seal Meadow-rue

Barren strawberry

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Mocasin flower, Pink lady's Threatened

slipper

Yellow lady's slipper Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

43

Georgia's Official List of Threatened and Endangered Plants (cont.)

Santalaceae

52) Nestronia umbellula Sarraceniaceae

53) Sarracenia flava

54) Sarracenia leucophylla

55) Sarracenia minor

56) Sarracenia psittacina

Schisandraceae

57) Schisandra glabra

Stemonaceae

Croomia pauciflora

Nestronia Threatened

Flycatcher, Golden trumpet Threatened

White trumpet, pitcherplant Threatened

Hooded pitcherplant Threatened

Parrot pitcherplant Threatened

Bay star-vine, wild Threatened

Sasparilla

Croomia Threatened

44

Occurrence of Endangered and Threatened Plants in Georgia by County*

Species Reference

Species Reference

County

Number

County

Number

Appling

53,55,56

Dodge

53,55

Atkinson

20,53,55

Dooly

53,55

Dougherty

10,55

Baca

53,56

Douglas

57

Baker

18

Baldwin

Early

17,18,20,25,36,38,

Banks

55,11

Barrow

Echols

53,55

Bartow

1,45,46,52,57

Effingham

44,53

Ben Hill

8,53,55,56

Elbert

37,31

Berrien

20,38,53,55,56

Emanuel

20,53,55,56

Bibb

20,53

Evans

8,53,55

Bleckley

Brantley

9,39,55

Fannin

46

Brooks

53,55

Fayette

Bryan

10,44,55

Floyd

3,29,35,43,45,46,50

Bulloch

8,20,53,55,56

Forsyth

46

Burke

52,55

Franklin

46

Butts

21,40

Fulton

45,46,57

Calhoun

13,14,18,53,54,55,56

Gilmer

15,33,46

Camden

48,55

Glascock

Candler

8,20,53,55,56

Glynn

44,55

Carroll

Gordon

29,45,46

Catoosa

30,43

Grady

Charlton

27,44,55,56

Greene

21,37

Chatham

55

Gwinnett

51

Chatta-

hoochee

Habersham

12,46

Chattooga

35

Hall

52

Cherokee

45,46,52,57

Hancock

21

Clarke

31,46,52

Haralson

45

Clay

11,18,29,36,58

Harris

36

Clayton

Hart

Clinch

53,55

Heard

21

Cobb

2,29,46,52,57

Henry

31

Coffee

44,53,55,56

Houston

Colquitt

53,55,56

Columbia

2,8,20,21,31

Irwin

8,44,53,55,56

Cook

24,53,55,56

Coweta

Jackson

Crawford

4

Jasper

37

Crisp

19,53,55,56

Jeff Davis

53,55,56

Jefferson

20

Dade

29,46

Jenkins

53,55,56

Dawson

46,49

Johnson

53

Decatur

4,13,23,38,58

Jones

57

Dekalb

11,21,31,40,46,57

45

Occurrence of Endangered and Threatened Plants in Georgia by County* (cont.)

Species

Reference

Species Reference

County

Nuir

ber

County

Number

Lamar

57

Rockdale

21,31

Lanier

53,55

56

Laurens

55

Schley

*

Lee

24,44

55

Screven

44,53,55

Liberty

55

Seminole

6,54

Lincoln

10

Spalding

46

Long

8,39,44,54

Stephens

26,45,46,51,52,57

Lowndes

47,53

55

Stewart

29,36,57

Lumpkin

46

Sumter

6,14,20,54,55,56

McDuf f ie

Talbot

4

Mcintosh

38,44,

55

Taliaferro

Macon

20,39

Tattnall

8,18,19,20,41,53

Madison

Taylor

19,20,39

Marion

Telfair

53,55

Meriwether

36

Terrell

Miller

13,44

Thomas

53,54,55,56

Mitchell

53,55,

56

Tift

20,53,55,56

Monroe

Toombs

53,55,56

Montgomery

20,44

Towns

5,16,45,46,49

Morgan

51,57

Treutlen

Murray

33

Troup

46

Muscogee

Turner Twiggs

8,53,55,56

Newton

40

Union

15,16,45,46,49

Oconee

Upson

46

Oglethorpe

21,31,

37

Walker

1,11,30,35,43,45,46,

Paulding

57

49

Peach

Walton

21,31

Pickens

46,51

Ware

53,55,56

Pierce

55

Warren

31

Pike

57

Washington

32

Polk

Wayne

9,39,55,56

Pulaski

17

Webster

Putnam

21

Wheeler White

55 46

Quitman

36,58

Whitfield Wilcox

46 42,53,55,56

Rabun

7,12,19,22

,28,34,35,

Wilkes

37

45,46,49,

52

Wilkinson

Randolph

19,36

Worth

53,55,56

Richmond

20,52

*Adapted from McCollum, J.L. and D.R. Ettman, 1977. Plants. Georgia Department of Natural Resources.

Georgia's Protected

46

ILLINOIS

Status: Official List

After thorough research, public hearings and comment periods, Illinois adopted its first official list of endangered and threatened plants in April 1980. Information on location by county is not available yet.

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants

Equisetaceae

Equisetum pal us t re Equisetum pratense

Lycopodiaceae

Lycopodium clavatum Lycopodium dendroideum Lycopodium inundatum

Ophioglossaceae

Botrychium biternatum Botrychium matricariaef olium Botrychium simplex

Polypodiaceae

Dryopteris celsa Gymnocarpium dryopteris Thelypteris noveboracensis Thelypteris phegopteris Woodsia ilvensis Woodwardia virginica

Cupressaceae

Marsh Horsetail Meadow Horsetail

Running Pine Ground Pine Bog Clubmoss

Southern Grape Fern Daisyleaf Grape Fern Dwarf Grape Fern

Log Fern

Oak Fern

New York Fern

Long Beech Fern

Rusty Woodsia

Virginia Chain Fern

Juniperus horizontalis Pinaceae

Trailing Juniper

Pinus banksiana Pinus echinata Pinus resinosa

Jack Pine Shortleaf Pine Red Pine

Alismataceae

Echinodorus tenellus Sagittaria longirostris

Small Burhead Arrowhead

47

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Araceae

Calla palustris

Burmanniaceae

Thismia americana

Commelinaceae

Tradescantia bracteata

Cyperaceae

Carex alata

Carex atherodes

Carex aurea

Carex austrina

Carex communis

Carex crawei

Carex cumulata

Carex decomposita

Carex disperma

Carex garberi

Carex gigantea

Carex intumescens

Carex laxiculmis

Carex nigro-marginata

Carex oligosperma

Carex oxylepis

Carex pallescens

Carex physorhyncha

Carex plantaginea

Carex prasina

Carex reniformis

Carex rostrata

Carex striatula

Carex styloflexa

Carex tonsa

Carex trisperma

Carex viridula

Carex woodii

Cyperus lancastriensis

Eleocharis equisetoides

Eleocharis olivacea

Eleocharis parvula

Eleocharis pauciflora

Eriophorum virginicum

Eriophorum virdidi-carinatum

Water Arum

Thismia

Prairie Spiderwort

Winged Sedge

Sedge

Golden Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Swollen Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Plantain-leaved Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Sedge

Galingale

Knotted Spikerush

Spikerush

Spikerush

Spikerush

Rusty Cotton Grass

Tall Cotton Grass

48

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Cyperaceae (continued)

Fiobristylis baldwiniana Fimbristylis vahlii Fuirena scirpoides Lipocarpha maculata Rhynchospora globularis Rhynchospora glomerata Rhynchospora macrostachya Scirpus cespitosus Scirpus hallii Scirpus hattorianus Scirpus microcarpus Scirpus paludosus Scirpus pedicellatus Scirpus purshianus Scirpus smithii Scirpus torreyi Scirpus verecundus Scleria reticularis

Baldwin's Frimbristylis

Vahl's Fimbristylis

Umbrella Grass

Mottled Lipocarpha

Grass Beak Rush

Beak Rush

Beak Rush

Tufted Bulrush

Bulrush

Bulrush

Bulrush

Alkali Bulrush

Bulrush

Weak Bulrush

Bulrush

Bulrush

Bulrush

Netted Nut Rush

Graminea

Agropyron subsecundum Ammophila breviligulata Aristida necopina Beckmannia syzigachne Cinna latifolia Glyceria arkansana Glyceria borealis Glyceria canadensis Gymnopogon ambiguus Leptochloa panicoides Panicum boreale Panicum columbianum Panicum hians Panicum joori Panicum longifolium Panicum mattamuskeetense Panicum nitidum Panicum ravenelii Panicum stipitatum Panicum yadkinense Paspalum bushii Paspalum dissectum Paspalum lentiferum Poa alsodes Poa autumnalis Poa languida Poa wolfii

Bearded Wheat Grass

Marram Grass

Three-awn

American Slough Grass

Drooping Wood Reed

Manna Grass

Northern Manna Grass

Rattlesnake Grass

Beard Grass

Salt Meadow Grass

Northern Panic Grass

Hemlock Panic Grass

Panic Grass

Panic Grass

Long-leaved Panic Grass

Panic Grass

Panic Grass

Panic Grass

Panic Grass

Panic Grass

Hairy Bead Grass

Bead Grass

Bead Grass

Grove Bluegrass

Bluegrass

Weak Bluegrass

Wolf's Bluegrass

49

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Graminea (continued)

Puccinellia pallida Schizachne purpurascens

Iridaceae

Sisyrinchiura atlanticum Sisyrinchium raontanum

Juncaceae

Juncus alpinus Juncus vaseyi Luzula acuminata

Juncaginaceae

Scheuchzeria palustris Triglochin maritima Triglochin palustris

Liliaceae

Camassia angusta Lilium superbum Medeola virginiana Polygonatum pubescens Trillium cernuum Trillium cuneatum Trillium erectum Zigadenus glaucus

Marantaceae

Thalia dealbata

Orchidaceae

Grass

False Melic Grass

Eastern Blue-eyed Grass Mountain Blud-eyed Grass

Richardson's Rush Vasey's Rush Hairy Woodrush

Arrow Grass

Common Bog Arrow Grass

Slender Bog Arrow Grass

Wild Hyacinth Turk's Cap Lily Indian Cucumber Root Downy Solomon's Seal Nodding Trillium Trillium

Ill-scented Trillium White Camass

Powdery Thalia

Cypripedium acaule Cypripedium calceolus var.

parviflorum Cypripedium candidum Cypripedium reginae Habenaria ciliaris Habenaria clavellata Habenaria flava var. flava Habenaria hookeri Habenaria leucophaea

Moccasin Flower

Small Yellow Lady's Slipper

White Lady's Slipper

Showy Lady's Slipper

Orange Fringed Orchid

Wood Orchid

Tubercled Orchid

Hooker' s Orchid

Prairie White Fringed Orchid

50

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Orchidaceae (continued)

Habenaria psycodes Hexalectris spicata Isotria medeoloides Isotria verticillata Pogonia ophioglossoides Spiranthes lucida Spiranthes romanzof f iana Spiranthes vernalis

Ponterderiaceae

Heteranthera reniformis

Potamogetonaceae

Potamogeton gramineus Potamogeton praelongus Potamogeton pulcher Potamogeton robbinsii Potamogeton str ictifolius Potamogeton vaseyi

Sparganiaceae

Sparganium americanum Sparganium chlorocarpum

Acanthaceae

Justicia ovata

Adoxaceae

Adoxa moschatellina

Amaranthaceae

Iresine rhizomatosa

Araliaceae

Aralia hispida

Aristolochiaceae

Aristolochia serpentaria var. hastata

Purple Fringed Orchid Crested Coralroot Orchid Small Whorled Pogonia Whorled Pogonia Snake-mouth

Yellow-lipped Ladies' Tresses Hooded Ladies' Tresses Spring Ladies' Tresses

Mud Plantain

Grass-leaved Pondweed White-stemmed Pondweed Spotted Pondweed Fern Pondweed Stiff Pondweed Vasey's Pondweed

American Burreed Green-fruited Burreed

Water Willow

Moschatel

Bloodleaf

Bristly Sarsaparilla

Virginia Snakeroot

51

,

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Asclepiadaceae

Asclepias lanuginosa Asclepias raeadii Asclepias ovalifolia Matelea decipiens

Berberidaceae

Berberis canadensis Betulaceae

Alnus rugosa Betula lutea Betula populifolia

Boraginaceae

Hackelia americana Heliotropium tenellum Onosmodium molle

Woolly Milkweed Me ad ' s Mil kwe ed Oval Milkweed Climbing Milkweed

Allegheny Barberry

Speckled Alder Yellow Birch Gray Birch

Stickseed

Slender Heliotrope

Marbleseed

Capri f olliaceae

Viburnum molle

Arrowwood

Caryophyllaceae

Silene regia Stellaria pubera

Cistaceae

Royal Catchfly Great Chickweed

Hudsonia tomentosa Lechea intermedia

False Heather Pinweed

Compositae

Bidens beckii Cirsium carolinianum Eupatorium incarnatum Gnaphalium macounii Helianthus giganteus Hymenoxys acaulis var. glabra Lactuca hirsuta Lactuca ludoviciana Melanthera nivea Microseris cuspidata

Water Marigold Carolina Thistle Thoroughwort Clammy Cudweed Tall Sunflower Lakeside Daisy Wild Lettuce Western Wild Lettuce White Melanthera Prairie Dandelion

52

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Compositae (continued)

Rudbeckia missouriensis

Solidago arguta (sensu lato: incl.

S. strigosa & S. bootii) Solidago remota

Cornacea

Cornus canadensis

Cruciferae

Cardamine pratensis var. palustris

Draba cuneifolia

Lesquerella ludoviciana

Rorippa islandica subsp. hispida

Rorippa truncata

Cucurbitaceae

Melothria pendula

Droseraceae

Missouri Orange Coneflower Goldenrod

Goldenrod

Bunchberry

Cuckoo Flower Whitlow Grass Silvery Bladderpod Hairy Marsh Yellow Cress Yellow Cress

Squirting Cucumber

Drosera rotundifolia

Elaeagnaceae

Shepherdia canadensis

Ericaceae

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Gaultheria procurabens Vacciniura corymbosum Vaccinium macrocarpon Vacciniura stamineum

Euphorbiaceae

Chamaesyce polygonifolia Euphorbia spathulata

Fagaceae

Castanea dentata Que reus nuttallii

Round-leaved Sundew

Buf faloberry

Bearberry Wintergreen Highbush Blueberry Large Cranberry Deerberry

Seaside Spurge Spurge

American Chestnut Nutall's Oak

53

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Gentianaceae

Bartonia paniculata Sabatia campestris

Geraniaceae

Screwstem

Prairie Rose Gentian

Geranium bicknellii Guttiferae

Northern Cranesbill

Hypericum adpressum Hypericum boreale Hypericum densiflorum Hypericum kalmianura Triadenum virginicum

Hydrophyllaceae

Hydrolea uniflora Phacelia gilioides

Juglandaceae

Carya pallida

Labiatae

Shore St. John's Wort Northern St. John's Wort St. John's Wort Kalm's St. John's Wort Marsh St. John's Wort

One-flowered Hydrolea Phacelia

Pale Hickory

Lycopus amplectens Physostegia intermedia Pycnanthemum albescens Pycnanthemum torrei Stachys clingmannii Synandra hispidula

Leguminosae

Amorpha nitens Apios priceana Astragalus tennesseensis Baptisia tinctoria Cladrastis lutea Dioclea multiflora Lathyrus maritimus Lespedeza leptostachya Petalostemum foliosum Trifolium reflexum

Sessile Water Horehound False Dragonhead White Mountain Mint Mountain Mint Hedge Nettle Hairy Synandra

Smooth False Indigo Price's Groundnut Tennessee Milkvetch Yellow Wild Indigo Yellowwood Boykin's Dioclea Beach pea

Prairie Bush Clover Leafy Prairie Clover Buffalo Clover

54

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Lentibulariaceae

Utricularia cornuta Utricularia intermedia Utricularia minor

Malvaceae

Iliamna remota Sphaeralcea angusta

Myricaceae

Comptonia peregrina

Onagraceae

Circaea alpina Oenothera perennis

Orobanchaceae

Orbanche fasciculata Orobanche ludoviciana

Oxalidaceae

Oxalis grandis

Papaveraceae

Corydalis aurea Corydalis halei Corydalis sempervirens

Plant aginaceae

Plantago cordata Plantago heterophylla

Polemoniaceae

Phlox carolins subsp. angusta Phlox pilosa subsp. sangamonesis

Polygalaceae

Polygala incarnata

Horned Bladderwort Flat-leaved Bladderwort Small Bladderwort

Kankakee Mallow Globe Mallow

Sweet fern

Small Enchanter's Nightshade Small Sundrops

Clustered Broomrape Broomrape

Large Wood Sorrel

Golden Corydalis Hale's Corydalis Pink Corydalis

Heart-leaved Plantain Small Plantain

Phlox Sangamon Phlox

Pink Milkwort

55

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Polygonaceae

Polygonum arifolium Polygonum careyi Polygonum longistylum Rumex hastatulus

Halbred-leaved Tearthumb Carey's Heartsease Smartweed Sour Dock

Portulacaceae

Talinum calycinum Primulaceae

Fame flower

Dodecatheon amethystinum Lysimachia fraseri Lysimachia radicans Primula mistassinica

Pyrolaceae

Chimaphila maculata Chimaphila umbellata Pyrola americana Pyrola secunda

Ranunculaceae

Cimicifuga racemosa Clematis crispa Clematis viorna Ranunculus ambigens Ranunculus cymbalaria

Rhamnaceae

Jeweled Shooting Star Loosestrife Creeping Loosestrife Bird's-eye Primrose

Spotted Wintergreen Pipsissewa

Round-leaved Shinleaf One-sided Pyrola

False Bugbone Blue Jasmine Leatherf lower Spearwort Seaside Crowfoot

Berchemia scandens Ceanothus ovatus Rhamnus alnifolia

Supple-jack

Redroot

Alder Buckthorn

Rosaceae

Amelanchier interior Geum rivale Malus angustifolia Potentilla millegrana Rubus enslenii Rubus odoratus Rubus pubescens Rubus setosus

Shadbush Purple Avens Narrow-leaved Crabapple Cinquefoil Arching Dewberry Purple-flowering Raspberry Dwarf Raspberry Bristly Blackberry

56

\

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Rosaceae (continued)

Sanguisorba canadensis Sorbus americana Waldsteinia fragarioides

Rubiaceae

Galium virgatum

Salicaceae

Populus balsamif era Salix serissima Salix syrticola

Sapotaceae

Buraelia lanuginosa

Sarraceniaceae

Sarracenia purpurea

Saxif ragaceae

Philadelphus pubescens Ribes hirtellum Saxifraga virginiensis

Scrophulariaceae

Bacopa acuminata Castilleja sessiliflora Melampyrum lineare Mimulus glabratus Penstemon grandiflorus Veronica americana

Styracaceae

Halesia Carolina Styrax grandifolia

Tilliaceae

Tilia heterophylla

American Burnet American Mountain Ash Barren Strawberry

Dwarf Bedstraw

Balsam Poplar Autumn Willow Dune Willow

Wooly Buckthorn

Pitcher Plant

Mock Orange Northern Gooseberry Early Saxifrage

Water Hyssop

Downy Yellow Painted Cup

Cow Wheat

Yellow Monkey Flower

Large-flowered Beard Tongue

American Brooklime

Silverbell Tree Bigleaf Snowbell Bush

White Basswood

57

Illinois' Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Ulmaceae

Ulnus thoraasii

Rock Elm

Umbellif erae

Conioselinum chinense Cynosciadium digitatura Daucus pusillus Eryngium prostratum Hydrocotyle ranunculoides Ptilimnium costatum Ptilimnium nuttallii

Urticaceae

Hemlock Parsley

Small Wild Carrot

Eryngo

Water- penny wort

Mock Bishop's Weed

Mock Bishop's Weed

Urtica chamaedryoides Valerianaceae

Nettle

Valerianella intermedia Valerianella umbilicata Valeriana uliginosa

Violaceae

Corn Salad Corn Salad Marsh Valerian

Viola canadensis Viola incognita Viola primulifolia Viola viarum

Canada Violet Hairy White Violet Primrose Violet Plains Violet

58

Illinois' Official List of Threatened Plants

Ophioglossaceae

Botrychium multifidum

Polypodiaceae

Asplenium bradleyi Asplenium resiliens Dennstaedtia punctilobula

Cupressaceae

Juniperus communis Thuja occidentalis

Pinaceae

Larix laricina

Cyperaceae

Cladium mariscoides Eleocharis rostellata Rhynchospora alba Scirpus polyphyllus

Gramineae

Northern Grape Fern

Bradley's Spleenwort Black Spleenwort Hay-scented Fern

Ground Juniper Arbor Vitae

Tamarack

Twig Rush Spike Rush Beaked Rush Bulrush

Oryzopsis racemosa Iridaceae

Rice Grass

Iris fulva Liliaceae

Swamp Red Iris

Stenanthium gramineum Tofieldia glutinosa Trillium viride Veratrum woodii

Grass-leaved Lily False Asphodel Green Trillium False Hellebore

Orchidaceae

Calopogon tuberosus Corallorhiza maculata Habenaris flava var. herbiola

Grass Pink

Spotted Corral-root Orchid

Tubercled Orchid

Araliaceae

Panax quinquefolius

Ginseng

59

Illinois* Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Asclepiadaceae

Asclepias stenophylla Matelea obliqua

Capparidaceae

Polanisia jamesii

Capri foliaceae

Lonicera flava Sambucus pubens

Caryophyllaceae

Arenaria patula

Celastraceae

Euonymus americanus

Compositae

Artemisia dracunculus Aster schreberi Aster undulatus Helianthus angustifolius Solidago sciaphila

Convolvulaceae

Stylisma pickeringii

Crucif erae

Cakile edentula

Droseraceae

Drosera intermedia

Ericaceae

Chamaedaphne calyculata

Fagaceae

Quercus phellos Quercus prinus

Narrow-leaved Green Milkweed Climbing Milkweed

James' Clammy weed

Yellow Honeysuckle Red-berried Elder

Slender Sandwort

Strawberry Bush

False Tarragon

Schreber's Aster

Aster

Narrow-leaved Sunflower

Cliff Goldenrod

Patterson Bindweed

Sea Rocket

Narrow-leaved Sundew

Leatherleaf

Willow Oak

Rock Chestnut Oak

60

Illinois' Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Labiatae

Salvia azurea subsp. pitcheri

Leguminosae

Lathyrus ochroleucus

Onagraceae

Epilobium strictum

Primulaceae

Trientalis borealis

Ranunculaceae

Hydrastis canadensis Ranunculus rhomboideus

Rosaceae

Filipendula rubra

Rubiaceae

Galium labradoricum

Saxif ragaceae

Sullivantia renifolia

Scrophulariaceae

Veronica scutellata

Styracaceae

Styrax americana

Ulmaceae

Planera aquatica

Violaceae

Viola conspersa

Blue Sage

Pale Vetchling

Downy Willow Herb

Star-flower

Golden Seal Prairie Buttercup

Que en-of-t he-Prairie

Bog Bedstraw

Sullivantia

Marsh Speedwell

Storax

Water Elm

Dog Violet

61

INDIANA

Status: Unofficial List

Although Indiana does not have an official endangered plant list, a comprehensive unofficial list is widely accepted by botanists throughout the state. Continued research will result in additions and deletions to the list ultimately resulting in an official state list providing protection to the endangered plants of Indiana.

Reference: A Preliminary List of Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants of Indiana Indiana Department of Natural Resources Indianapolis, Indiana 46204

IOWA

Status: Unofficial List

Iowa does not have an official list of endangered plants. However, Research is continuing on the native flora of Iowa and the public is becoming more aware of the need to protect its rare plants.

KENTUCKY

Status: Unofficial List

Kentucky has done an extensive search of its herbarium specimens and listed any native species which occurs in three or fewer counties. A few taxa, however, occur in more than three counties but are retained on the list for special reasons. None of the plant species are protected by laws or regulations but several are proposed for listing as Federally endangered or threatened .

The intent of establishing an official endangered and threatened plant list in Kentucky is to 1) indicate the degree of rarity of the species, 2) indicate the degree of threat to the continued survival of the species, and 3) aid in establishing priorities for conservation and/or preservation efforts.

Reference: Endangered Plants and Animals of Kentucky. 1977. J.V. Babcock. Univ. of Kentucky. Lexington, Kentucky.

LOUISIANA

Status: Unofficial List

Louisiana does not have an official list of endangered plants which offers

legal protection to its rare native flora. Some plant research is being

undertaken by Louisiana State University, and the Mississippi Deltaic Plain

Region Characterization Study is inventorying the native biota of the deltaic plain.

Reference: Rare and Threatened Vascular Plants in Louisiana. 1975. M.C.

Curry, VTN Louisiana, 2701 Independence St., Metairie, La. 70002

62

MAINE

Status: No List

Maine is currently inventorying its rare plants. Once a plant is considered rare, a botanical fact sheet is submitted to the Critical Area Program Manager who determines whether the location of the rare plant should be designated as a critical area. Critical areas receive special consideration when alterations to the native flora are planned.

Reference: A Revision of the Maine Rare Plant Inventory Process State Planning Office Augusta, Maine October 1978

MARYLAND

Status: No List

Maryland has recently finished an inventory of possible rare or endangered plants throughout the state. This inventory will be evaluated by the Department of Natural Resources and a list will be developed.

MASSACHUSETTS

Status: Unofficial List

Massachusetts has an unofficial list of endangered plants which is the result of extensive research and inventory of native flora. This list is accepted by the botanists and environmental groups throughout the state.

A major effort will be made this summer to field check the rare plants on this list. Species may then be added or deleted and an official endangered plant list may be adopted by 1981.

MICHIGAN

Status: Official List

Michigan has an official state list of endangered and threatened plants which provides legal protection to over 192 threatened and 16 endangered plants. The Michigan Department of Natural Resources has a computer printout listing rare plants by county based on herbarium records. A state-wide field check will begin this summer to inventory all the listed plants.

Reference: Michigan's Endangered and Threatened Species Program Reprinted from the Michigan Botanist Vol. 16, 1977

63

Michigan's List of Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants

Pteridophytes :

Lycopodiaceae

Lycopodium appressum Lycopodium habereri Lycopodium sitchense Lycopodium sp. nov.

Ophioglossaceae

Ophioglossum vulgatum var. pycnostichum

Polypodiaceae

Asplenium ruta-muraria Cryptogramma acros tichoides Dryopteris celsa Dryopteris filix-mas Gymnocarpium heterosporum Pellaea atropurpurea Phyllitis scolopendrium var,

americana Woodsia abbeae Woodsia alpina Woodsia obtusa

Schizaeaceae

Lyodium palmatum

Monocotyledons :

Alismataceae

Sagittaria montevidensis

Araceae

Arisaema triphyllum var. stewardsonii

Commelinaceae

Tradescantia bracteata

Club-mosses, Horsetails, and Ferns

(Club-moss Family)

n.c.n.*

n.c.n.

Sitken clubmoss

n.c.n.

(Adder ' s-tongue Family)

Southeastern adder's tongue

(Fern Family)

Wall-rue

American rock-brake

Log fern

Male fern

n.c.n.

Purple cliff-brake

Hart's tongue fern

n.c.n.

Northern woodsia

Blunt-lobed woodsia

(Curly-grass Family)

Climbing fern

(Water-plantain Family)

Arrowhead

(Arum Family)

n.c.n.

(Spiderwort Family)

Threatened Threatened Endangered Endangered

Threatened

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Endangered

Endangered Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

cn.c.n. - no common name

64

Michigan's List of Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants (cont.)

Cyperaceae

(Sedge Family)

Carex atratiformis Carex crus-corvi Carex decomposita Carex media Carex platyphylla Carex praegracilis Carex rossii Carex scirpoidea Carex seorsa Carex sychnocephala Carex typhina Eleocharis atropurpurea Eleocharis caribaea Eleocharis compressa Eleocharis melanocarpa Eleocharis radicans Fimbristylis puberula Fuirena squarrosa Hemicarpha micrantha Psilocarya scirpoides Scirpus hallii Scirpus olenyi Scleria pauciflora Scleria reticularis

n.c .n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Umbrellagrass

n.c.n.

Bald rush

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Endangered Threatened Threatened Threatened

Iridaceae

(Iris Family)

Iris lacustris Sisyrinchium atlanticum

Dwarf lake iris

Threatened Threatened

Juncaceae

(Rush Family)

Juncus brachycarpus Juncus militaris

n.c.n. n.c.n.

Threatened Threatened

Juncaceae (cont.)

Juncus scirpoides Juncus stygius Juncus vaseyi Luzula parviflora

n.c.n. n.c.n. n.c.n. n.c.n.

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

Lemnaceae

Lemna valdiviana

n.c.n.

Threatened

65

Michigan's List of Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants (cont.)

Liliaceae

Allium schoenoprasum Camassia scilloides Disporum hooker i Polygonatum biflorum var,

me lie urn Tofieldia pusilla Trillium recurvatum Trillium sessile Trillium undulatum Trillium viride

Chives

Wild-hyacinth Fairy bells Solomon-seal

False asphodel n.c.n. Toadshade Painted trillium n.c.n.

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

Orchidaceae

Calypso bulbosa Cypripedum candidum Habenaria ciliaris Habenaria leucophaea Habenaria unalascensis Isotria medeoloides Orchis rotundifolia Tipularia discolor Triphora trianthophora

Calypso or fairy slipper White lady-slipper Orange fringed orchid Prairie fringed orchid Alaska orchid Smaller whorled pogonia Round-leaved orchid Cranefly orchid Nodding pogonia or three birds orchid

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Endangered Threatened Threatened Threatened

Poaceae

Agropyron dasystachyum Aristida dichotoma Aristida longispica Aristida necopina Beckmannia syzigachne Bouteloua curtipendula Bromus pumpellianus Calamagrostis lacustris Calamagrostis stricta Diarrhena americana Elymus mollis Festuca scabrella Glyceria acutiflora Muhlenbergia richardsonis Oryzopsis canadensis Panicum leibergii Panicum spretum Panicum verrucosum Phleum alpinum Poa alpina Poa canbyi Sporobolus heterolepis

(Grass Family)

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Slough grass

Grama grass

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Dune grass

Rough fescue

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Mountain timothy

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

4

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

66

Michigan's List of Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants (cont.)

Poaceae (cont.)

Stipa comata

Triplasis purpurea

Trisetum spicatum

Uniola latifolia

Zizania aquatica var. aquatica

Zizania aquatica var. interior

Potamogetonaceae

Potamogeton capillaceus Potamogeton confervoides Potamogeton hillii Potamogeton pulcher Potamogeton vaseyi

Ruppiaceae

Ruppia maritima

Dicotyledons :

Acanthaceae

Justicia americana Ruellia humilis

Apiaceae

Berula pusilla Eryngium yucci folium

Araliaceae

Oplopanax horridus Panax quinquefolius

Aristolochiaceae

Aristolochia serpentaria

Asclepiadaceae

Asclepias hirtella Asclepias ovalifolia Asclepias sullivantii

n.c .n. Sand grass n.c.n. Wild oats Wild rice Wild rice

(Pondweed Family)

n.c.n. n.c.n. n.c .n. n.c.n. n.c.n.

(Ditch-grass Family)

Ditchgrass

(Acanthus Family)

n.c.n. n.c.n.

(Parsley Family)

n.c.n.

Rattlesnake-master or but ton-snake-root

(Ginseng Family)

Devil' s-club Ginseng

(Birthwort Family)

Virginia snakeroot

(Milkweed Family)

n.c.n. n.c.n. n.c.n.

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened Threatened

67

Michigan's List of Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants (cont.)

Asteraceae

Agoseris glauca Antennaria rosea Arnica cordifolia Aster modestus Aster sericeus Cirsium hillii Cirsium pitcheri Coreopsis palmata Erigeron hyssopifolius Eupatorium sessilifolium Helianthus raicrocephalus Lactuca pulchella Liatris punctata Polymnia uvedalia Rudbeckia sullivantii Senecio indecorus Silphium integrifolium Silphium laciniatum Silphium perfoliatum Solidago decumbens Solidago houghtonii Solidago lepida Solidago remota Tanacetum huronense

Boraginaceae

Mertensia virginica

Brassicaceae

Arraoracia aquatica Braya humilis Draba arabisans Draba incana Subularia aquatica

Cactaceae

Opuntia fragilis

Caprifoliaceae

Lonicera involucrata Viburnum edule

(Composite Family)

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Heart-leaved arnica

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Hill's thistle

Pitcher's thistle

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Upland boneset

Small wood-sunflower

Blue lettuce

Blazing-star

Leafcup

Conef lower

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Rosinweed or compass-plant

Cup-plant

n.c.n.

Houghton's goldenrod

n.c.n.

n.c.n.

Lake Huron tansy

(Borage Family)

Bluebells

(Mustard Family)

Lake cress n.c.n. n.c.n. n.c.n. n.c .n.

(Cactus Family)

Fragile prickley pear

(Honeysuckle Family)

n.c.n. Squashberry

Threatened Threatened Endangered Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

Endangered

Threatened Threatened

68

Michigan's List of Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants (cont.)

Caryophyllaceae

Arenaria macrophylla Sagina nodosa

Cistaceae

Lechea leggettii

Empetraceae

Empetrum nigrum

Ericaceae

Pterospora andromedea Vacciniura uliginosum

Fabaceae

Baptisia leucantha

Baptisia leucophaea Gymnocladus dioica Petal os temon purpureum

Fagaceae

Castanea dentata

Gentianaceae

Gentiana linearis Gentiana puberula Gentiana saponaria Sabatia angularis

Haloragaceae

Myriophyllum farwellii

Hippocastanaceae

Aesculus glabra

Hydrophyllaceae

Phacelia franklinii

(Pink Family)

Sandwort Pearlwort

(Rockrose Family)

n.c.n.

Black crowberry

(Heath Family)

Pine-drops Alpine blueberry

(Pulse Family)

White or prairie false

indigo Cream wild indigo Kentucky coffee-tree Red prairie clover

(Beech Family)

American chestnut

(Gentian Family)

Closed gentian

n.c.n.

Soapwort gentian

Rose-pink

(Water-milfoil Family)

n.c.n.

(Buckeye Family)

Ohio buckeye

(Waterleaf Family)

n.c.n.

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Endangered Threatened Endangered

Endangered

Threatened Threatened Endangered Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

69

Michigan's List of Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants (cont.)

Lamiaceae

Trichostoma brachiatum Trichostoraa dichotomum

Lentibulariaceae

Pinguicula vulgaris

Malvaceae

Hibiscus palustris

Nymphaeaceae

Nelumbo pentapetala Nuphar raicrophylla Nymphaea tetragona

Onagraceae

Gaura longiflora Ludwigia alternifolia

Orobanchaceae

Orobanche fasciculata

Polemoniaceae

Phlox maculata Polemonium reptans

Polygonaceae

Polygonum careyi Polygonum viviparum

Ranunculaceae

Hydrastis canadensis Ranunculus rhomboideus

Rhamnaceae

Ceanothus sanguineus

(Mint Family)

False pennyroyal Bastard pennyroyal

(Bladderwort Family)

Butterwort

(Mallow Family)

Swamp rose-mallow

(Water-lily Family)

American lotus Yellow pond-lily Water-lily

(Evening-primrose Family)

Gaura Seed box

(Broom-rape Family)

Broom-rape

(Phlox Family)

Wild sweet William Jacob's ladder

(Buckwheat Family)

n.c.n.

Alpine bistort

(Crowfoot Family)

Golden-seal Prairie buttercup

(Buckthorn Family)

Wild-lilac

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Endangered Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

70

Michigan's List of Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants (cont.)

Rosaceae

Chamaerhodos nuttallii var.

Keweenawensis Dalibarda repens Filipendula rubra Geum triflorum Potentilla hippiana Potentilla pensylvanica Rubus acaulis Sanguisorba canadensis

Salicaceae

Populus heterophylla

Sarraceniaceae

Sarracenia purpurea

Scrophulariaceae

Besseya bullii Castilleja septentrionalis Chelone obliqua Collinsia parviflora Euphrasia arctica Gerardia gattingeri Gratiola lutea Lindernia anagallidea Mimulus alatus Mimulus glabratus var. michiganensis

Valerianaceae

Valerianella chenopodifolia

Violaceae

Viola novae-angliae Viola pedatifida

(Rose Family)

n.c .n.

False violet

Queen-of-the-prairie

Avens

Cinquefoil

Cinquefoil

Dwarf raspberry

Canadian burnet

(Willow Family)

Swamp or black cottonwood

(Pitcher-plant Family)

Pitcher-plant

(Figwort Family)

n.c .n.

Indian paint brush

Purple turtlehead

n.c.n.

Eyebright

Gerardia

Hedge-hyssop

False pimpernel

Monkey- flower

Monkey-flower

(Valerian Family)

n.c.n.

(Violet Family)

n.c.n. n.c.n.

Endangered

Threa Threa Threa Threa Threa Threa Threa

tened tened tened tened tened tened tened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened Endangered Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened

71

MINNESOTA

Status: Official List

Minnesota has an official endangered plant list which provides legal protection to several species. The protection is weak, however, and needs strengthening. A more extensive unofficial rare or endangered plant list was developed by Morley in 1972.

Rare or Endangered Plants of Minnesota. 1972. T. Morley. University of Minnesota

Minnesota's List of Protected Plants

Ericaceae Trailing Arbutus Gentianaceae Gentiana

Liliaceae

Liliura Trillium

Nymphaeaceae

Nelumbo lutea

Orchidaceae

(Heath Family) Epigaea vepens (Gentian Family) Gentian

(Lily Family)

Lily Trillium

(Water Lily Family)

Lotus Lily

(Orchid Family)

MISSISSIPPI

All species protected

All species protected

All species protected

Status: Unofficial List

The Mississippi Natural Heritage Program has compiled a list of over 100 rare plants in Mississippi. This is an unofficial list, therefore these plants are not legally protected by state laws.

Reference :

Rare and Endangered Plant Species in Mississippi. 1975. T.M. Pullen. University of Mississippi.

MISSOURI

Status: Unofficial List

In 1974, Missouri compiled its first unofficial rare and endangered species report which contained an extensive list of plants. This report was revised

72

and published in 1977. Since then more revisions have occurred but have not yet been published. The Missouri Department of Conservation hopes this report Will encourage citizens, private organizations and government agencies to initiate research and management programs. Educational programs are needed to create a public awareness and concern for the plight of these species and their importance to the overall environment.

Reference:

Rare and Endangered Species of Missouri Missouri Department of Conservation and U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1977.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Status: Unofficial List

New Hampshire does not have an official list of endangered plants. Research is continuing to inventory rare plants with special concern for many of the unusual plants in the White Mountains National Forest.

Reference:

Endangered Plants of New Hampshire: A Selected List of Endangered Species. 1973. A.R. Hodgdon, Forest Notes, pg. 2-6. Society for the Protection of New Hampshire Forests.

NEW JERSEY

Status: Unofficial List

An unofficial list of rare or endangered vascular plants in New Jersey was published in November 1973. This list includes 90 species designated as rare, 74 species listed as endangered and 26 species have an undetermined status. Botanists are hopeful that this list will aid legislators in the formulation of new regulations and laws for increased protection of New Jersey wild flora.

Reference:

Rare or Endangered Vascular Plants of New Jersey

Department of Botany

Rutgers University

New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903

73

NEW YORK

Status: Official List

Since 1975, New York has had an official endangered plant list which provides legal protection to several rare plants. This list is being updated and revised with a new list probably being passed by late 1980. Information on distribution by county is not yet available.

Reference :

Our Wild Flowers and a Program to Protect Them. Conservationist, pp. 23-29.

1975. J.W. Aldrich, The

New York's Official List of Endangered Plants

Arisaema dracontium Asclepias tuberosa Campanula rotundifolia Celastrus scandens Chinaphila sp. Cornus florida Drosera sp. Epilaea repens Euonymus sp.

Filices (Filicinae; Ophioglossales and Filicales)

Gentiana sp.

Hydrastis canadensis

Ilex

Kalmia sp.

Lilium sp.

Lobelia cardinalis

Lycopodium sp.

Green dragon

Butterfly weed

Bluebell of Scotland

American Bittersweet

Pipsissewa, Spotted Evergreen

Flowering Dogwood

Sundew

Trailing Arbutus

Burning bush

All ferns, including Adder' s-tongue , Azolla, Buckhorn, Cliff Brake, Curly-grass, Fiddleheads, Hart's tongue, Maidenhair, Moonwort, Polypody, Rock Brake, Salvinia, Spleenwort, Walking-leaf, Wall-rue, Water spangle, and woodsia but excluding Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) , Hay-scented fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula) , Sensitive fern (Onoclea sensibilis) .

Ague weed, Blue bottles, Gentian

Golden seal

Holly, Inkberry, Winterberry

Laurel, Spoonwood, Wicky

Lily, Turk's-cap

Cardinal- flower

All Clubmosses including Bear's bed, Bunch evergreen, Festoon Pine, Ground Cedar, Ground Fir, Heath Cypress.

74

New York's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Mertensia virginica Monarda didyma Myrica pensilvanica Nelumbo lutea Opuntia humifusa Orchidaceae

Orontium aquaticum Panax quinquefolium Pyrus coronaria Rhododendron sp.

Sabatia sp. Sanguinaria sp. Sarracenia purpurea Silene caroliniana Trillium sp. Trollius laxus Viola pedata

Bluebell, Virginia Cow-slip

American Bee-balm, Oswego Tea

Bayberry

Lotus

Prickly Pear

All Native orchids, including Adder's mouth, Arethusa, Bog candle, Calopogon, Calypso Coral root, Cypripedium, Goodyera, Kirtlepink, Ladies tresses, Noccasin flower, Orange plume, Orchis, Putty root, Pogonia, Scent-bottle, Soldiers plume, Three birds, Twayblade, Whipporwill-shoe.

Golden club

Ginseng

Wild Crab Apple

Azalea, Great Laurel, Honeysuckle, Pinxter, Rhododendron, Rhodora.

Bitterbloom

Bloodroot

Pitcherplant

Wild Pink

Bethroot, Toadshade, Trillium

Globe-flower

Birds-foot violet

NORTH CAROLINA

Status: Unofficial List

North Carolina has an unofficial list of 409 rare vascular plants. Botanists throughout the state hope this list will aid legislators and conservationists in the formulation of new laws for increased protection of North Carolina's rare flora.

Reference :

North Carolina Endangered and Threatened Vascular Plants University Bookstore University of North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina 28223

75

OHIO

Status: Official List

On March 11, 1980, public hearings were conducted on the 1978 Endangered Species of Native Ohio Wild Plants Act. As a result of these hearings, the laws and regulations protecting Ohio's plants were amended. However, the list of endangered plants remained undisputed and unchanged. Below is the official Ohio State list of plants protected by law.

Ohio's Official List of Endangered Species

Isoetaceae

Isoetes engelmannii

Ophioglossaceae

Botrychium biternatum Botrychium lanceolatum Botrychium simplex Botrychium ternatum Ophioglossum engelmannii

Hymenophyllaceae

Trichomanes Boschianum

Aspleniaceae

Asplenium bradleyi Dryopteris clintoniana

Blechnaceae

Lorinseria areolata

Polypodiaceae

Polypodium polypodioides

Sparganiaceae

Sparganium chlorocarpum

Potamogetonaceae

Potamogeton filiformis Potamogeton gramineus Potamogeton praelongus Potamogeton pulcher

Quillwort Family

Appalachian quillwort

Adder ' s-Tongue Family

Sparse-lobe grape-fern Triangle grape fern Least grape-fern American ternate grape-fern Limestone adder ' s-tongue

Filmy Fern Family

Appalachian filmy fern

Spleenwort Family

Bradley's spleenwort Clinton's wood-fern

Blechnum Family

Netted chain-fern

Polypody Family

Little gray polypody

Bur-reed Family

Small bur-reed

Pondweed Family

Filiform pondweed Grass-like pondweed White-stem pondweed Spotted pondweed

76

Ohio's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Potamogetonaceae (cont.)

Potamogeton robbinsii Potamogeton tennesseensis

Juncaginaceae

Scheuchzeria palustris

Alismataceae

Sagittaria latifolia var. pubescens

Gramineae

Agrostis elliottiana Calamagrostis inexpansa Calamagrostis insperata Cinna latifolia Deschampsia caespitosa Digitaria filiformis Erianthus alopecuroides Glyceria acutiflora Gymnopogon ambiguus Melica nitens Muhlenbergia cuspidata Panicura boreale Panicum verrucosum Panicum villosissimum Schizachne purpurascens Sporobolus heterolepis Stipa avenacea Stipa spartea

Cyperaceae

Carex alata

Carex albolutescens

Carex araphibola var. rigida

Carex aquatilis

Carex arctata

Carex argyrantha

Carex bebbii

Carex cephalantha

Carex cephaloidea

Carex debilis

Carex diandra

Carex emmonsii

Carex flava

Pondweed Family (cont.)

Robbin's pondweed Tennessee pondweed

Arrow-grass Family

Scheuchzeria

Water-plantain Family

Hairy arrowhead

Grass Family

Elliott's bent-grass Northern reed-grass Bartley's reed bent grass Northern wood-reed Tufted hairgrass Slender finger-grass Silver plume grass Sharp-glumed manna-grass Beardgrass

Three-flowered melic. Plains muhlenbergia Northern panic-grass Warty panic-grass Villous panic-grass False melic. Prairie dropseed Blackseed needle grass Porcupine grass

Sedge Family

Broad-winged sedge Pale straw sedge Fern, stiff wood sedge Leafy tussock sedge Drooping wood sedge Silvery sedge Bebb's sedge Little prickly sedge Thin-leaf sedge Weak sedge

Lesser panicled sedge Emmons' sedge Yellow sedge

77

Ohio's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Cyperaceae (cont.)

Carex formosa Carex haydenii Carex howei Carex louisianica Carex nigromarginata Carex oligosperma Carex ormostachya Carex sprengelii Carex sterilis Carex straminea Carex suberecta Cyperus acuminatus Cyperus dipsacifonnis Eleocharis pauciflora Hernicarpha micrantha Rhynchospora globularis Scirpus expansus Scirpus smithii Scirpus subterminalis

Xyridaceae

Xyris torta

Juncaceae

Juncus interior

Liliaceae

Clintonia borealis Erythronium rostratum Nothoscordum bivalve Smilax pulverulenta Streptopus roseus Trillium recurvatum Trillium undulatum

Sedge Family (cont.)

Handsome sedge Hayden's sedge Howe's sedge Louisiana sedge Black-margined sedge Few-seeded sedge Stiff broad-leaved sedge Sprengel's sedge Fen sedge Straw sedge Prairie straw sedge Pale umbrella-sedge Teasel-sedge Few-flowered spikerush Dwarf bulrush Grass-like beak-rush Woodland bulrush Smith's bulrush Swaying rush

Yellow-eyed-grass Family

Twisted Yellow-eyed-grass

Rush Family

Inland rush

Lily Family

Bluebead-lily

Goldenstar

False garlic

Downy carrion-flower

Rose twisted-stalk

Prairie wake-robin

Painted trillium

Iridaceae

Iris brevicaulis Iris verna Sisyrinchium atlanticum

Orchidaceae

Arethusa bulbosa Coeloglossum viride

Iris Family

Leafy blue flag

Dwarf iris

Atlantic blue-eyed-grass

Orchid Family

Dragon' s-mouth Long-bracted orchid

78

Ohio's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Orchidaceae (cont.)

Corallorhiza trifida Corallorhiza wisteriana Cypripedium calceolus var.

parvif lorum Cypripedium candidum Hexalectris spicata Spiranthes romanzof f iana

Salicaceae

Populus balsamifera Salix caroliniana Salix pedicellaris

Myricaceae

Myrica pensylvanica

Betulaceae

Corylus cornuta

Ulmaceae

Ulmus thomasii

Urticaceae

Urtica chamaedryoides

Polygonaceae

Polygonum cilinode Polygonum ramosissimum

Chenopodiaceae

Chenopodium leptophyllum

Amaranthaceae

Froelichia floridana

Caryophyllaceae

Arenaria patula

Silene caroliniana var. wherryi

Silene regia

Orchid Family (cont.)

Early coral-root

Spring coral-root

Small yellow lady' s-slipper

White lady* s-slipper Crested coral-root Hooded ladies '-tresses

Willow Family

Balsam poplar Carolina willow Bog willow

Bayberry Family

Bayberry

Birch Family

Beaked hazel

Elm Family

Rock elm

Nettle Family

Spring nettle

Buckwheat Family

Mountain bindweed Bushy knotweed

Goosefoot Family

Slender goosefoot

Amaranth Family

Cottonweed

Pink Family

Spreading sandwort Wherry's catchfly Royal catchfly

79

Ohio's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Nymphaeaceae

Nuphar variegatum

Ranunculaceae

Aconitura noveboracense Actaea rubra Ranunculus pusillus Trollius laxus

Magnoliaceae

Magnolia macrophylla

Calycanthaceae

Calycanthus fertilis

Fumariaceae

Adlumia fungosa

Cruciferae

Arabis divaricarpa Arabis drummondii Arabis patens Draba brachycarpa Draba cuneifolia Erysimum arkansanum

Droseraceae

Drosera intermedia

Saxif ragaceae

Ribes rotundifolium

Rosaceae

Dalibarda repens Potentilla arguta Prunus nigra Prunus susquehanae Pyrus decora Rubus hispidus

Water-lily Family

Bullhead lily

Buttercup Family

Northern monkshood Red baneberry Low spearwort Spreading globe-flower

Magnolia Family

Bigleaf magnolia

Calycanthus Family

Sweet-shrub

Fumitory Family

Mountain- fringe

Mustard Family

Limestone rock-cress Drummond's rock-cress Spreading rock-cress Little whitlow-grass Wedge-leaf whitlow-grass Western wall-flower

Sundew Family

Spathulate-leaved sundew

Saxifrage Family

Appalachian gooseberry

Rose Family

Robin-run-away

Tall cinquefoil

Canada plum

Sand cherry

Western mountain-ash

Large hispid dewberry

80

Ohio's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Leguminosae

Baptisia australis Desmodium illinoense Desmodium sessilifolium Galactia volubilis Lathyrus ochroleucus

Oxalidaceae

Oxalis raontana

Polygalaceae

Polygala cruciata Polygala curtissii Polygala incarnata Polygala paucifolia Polygala polygaraa

Euphorbiaceae

Acalypha rhomboidea Euphorbia serpens Phyllanthus caroliniensis

Aquif oliaceae

Ilex opaca

Celastraceae

Pachistima canbyi

Aceraceae

Acer pensylvanicum

Rhamnaceae

Ceanothus herbaceus

Vitaceae

Vitis baileyana

Hypericaceae

Hypericum boreale

Pea Family

Blue false indigo

Prairie tick-trefoil

Sessile tick-trefoil

Milk-pea

Yellow vetchling

Wood-sorrel Family

White wood-sorrel

Milkwort Family

Cross-leaved milkwort Curtiss' milkwort Pink milkwort Gay-wings Racemed milkwort

Spurge Family

Deam's three-seeded-mercury Roundleaf spurge Carolina leaf-flower

Holly Family

American holly

Staff-tree Family

Cliff-green

Maple Family

Striped maple

Buckthorn Family

Prairie redroot

Grape Family

Possum grape

St. John's-wort Family

Northern St. John's wort

81

Ohio's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Hypericaceae (cont.)

Hypericum denticulatura Hypericum gymnathum

Cistaceae

Lechea minor Lechea tenuifolia

Violaceae

Viola lanceolata

Viola primulifolia

Viola tripartita var. tripartita

Haloragaceae

Myriophyllum heterophyllum

Umbellif erae

Hydrocotyle umbellata Ligusticum canadense Perideridia americana

Ericaceae

Ledum groenlandicum Rhododendron calendulaceum Vaccinium caesium Vaccinium oxycoccos

Primulaceae

Hottonia inflata

Styracaceae

Halesia Carolina Styrax americana

Oleaceae

Chionanthus virginicus

Gentianaceae

Gentiana Alba

St. John's Wort Family (cont.)

Coppery St. John's-wort Least St. John's-wort

Rockrose Family

Thyme- leaved pinweed Narrow-leaved pinweed

Violet Family

Lance-leaved violet Primrose-leaved violet Three-parted violet

Water-milfoil Family

Two-leaved water-milfoil

Parsley Family

Navel wort American lovage Perideridia

Heath Family

Labrador tea Flame azalea Small deerberry Small cranberry

Primrose Family

Featherf oil

Storax Family

Silverbell Snowbell

Olive Family

Fringe-tree

Gentian Family

Yellowish gentian

82

Ohio's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Gentianaceae (cont.)

Gentiana puberulenta Gentiana saponaria Gentiana villosa

Menyanthaceae

Menyanthes trifoliata

Convolvulaceae

Cuscuta compacta

Hydrophyllaceae

Phacelia ranunculacea

Boraginaceae

Cynoglossum boreale

Labiatae

Collinsonia verticillata Hedeoma hispida Monarda punctata Pycnantheraum pilosum Scutellaria saxatilis Trichostema dichotomum

Scrophulariaceae

Agalinis paupercula Agalinis skinneriana Aureolaria pedicularia Linaria canadensis Penstemon canescens Tomanthera auriculata

Orobanchaceae

Orobanche ludoviciana

Lentibulariaceae

Utricularia cornuta

Gentian Family (cont.)

Prairie gentian Soapwort gentian Sampson's snakeroot

Buckbean Family

Buckbean

Morning-glory Family

Sessile dodder

Waterleaf Family

Blue scorpion-weed

Borage Family

Northern wild comfrey

Mint Family

Early stoneroot Rough pennyroyal Dotted horsemint Hoary mountain-mint Rock skullcap Narrow-leaved bluecurls

Figwort Family

Small purple foxglove

Skinner's foxglove

Prairie fern-leaf false foxglove

Old-field toadflax

Gray beard-tongue

Ear-leaf foxglove

Broom-rape Family

Louisiana broom-rape

Bladderwort Family

Horned bladderwort

83

Ohio's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Plantaginaceae

Plantago cordata

Rubiaceae

Galium labradoricum Galiura palustre

Capri f oliaceae

Symphoricarpos albus Viburnum molle Viburnum rufidulum

Compositae

Cirsium carolinianum Erigeron divaricatus Eupatorium album Eupatorium aromaticum Eupatorium hyssopifolium Heterotheca gramini folia Hieracium canadense Hymenoxys acaulis Krigia dandelion Liatris scabra Silphium laciniatum Solidago arguta Verbesina occidentalis Veronia fasciculata

Plantain Family

Heart-leaf plantain

Madder Family

Bog bedstraw Marsh bedstraw

Honeysuckle Family

Snowberry

Soft-leaved arrow-wood

Southern black-haw

Composite Family

Carolina thistle Bushy horseweed White thoroughwort Small white snakeroot Hyssop thoroughwort Silkgrass Canada hawkweed Lakeside daisy Potato-dandelion Large blazing-star Compass-plant Cut-leaf goldenrod Yellow crownbeard Prairie ironweed

84

Ohio's Official List of Threatened Plants

Selaginellaceae

Selaginella rupestris

Equisetaceae

Equisetura syivaticum

Ophioglossaceae

Botrychium nultifidum

Adiantaceae

Vittaria lineata

Aspleniaceae

Asplenium ruta-muraria Gymnocarpium dryopteris

Cupressaceae

Juniperus communis

Sparganiaceae

Sparganium androcladum

Potamogetonaceae

Potamogeton natans Potamogeton richardsonii Potamogeton spirillus Potamogeton zosteriformis

Juncaginaceae

Triglochin maritimum Triglochin palustre

Alismataceae

Echinodorus rostratus Sagittaria australis Sagittaria cuneata Sagittaria graminea

Spikemoss Family

Rock spikemoss

Horsetail Family

Woodland horsetail

Adder ' s-tongue Family

Leathery grape-fern

Maidenhair Family

Appalachian gametophyte

Spleenwort Family

Wall-rue Oak fern

Cypress Family

Ground juniper

Bur-reed Family

Keeled bur-reed

Pondweed Family

Floating pondweed Richardson's pondweed Spiral pondweed Flat-stem pondweed

Arrow-grass Family

Seaside arrow-grass Marsh arrow-grass

Water-plantain Family

Bur-head

Long-beaked arrowhead

Wapato

Grass-leaf arrowhead

85

Ohio's Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Gramineae

Ammophila breviligulata Aristida purpurascens Danthonia compressa Deschampsia flexuosa Glyceria grandis Koeleria macrantha Leptoloma cognatum Panicum columbianum Panicum laxiflorum Poa languida Sphenopholis obtusata Trisetum pensylvanicum Zizania aquatica

Cyperaceae

Carex annectens var. xanthocarpa

Carex atherodes

Carex aurea

Carex conoidea

Carex crawei

Carex folliculata

Carex glaucodea

Carex gravida

Carex interior

Carex lasiocarpa

Carex meadii

Carex pallescens

Carex pedunculata

Carex projecta

Carex radiata

Carex retroflexa

Carex rostrata

Carex sartwellii

Carex scabrata

Carex seorsa

Carex tenanica

Carex trisperma

Carex viridula

Carex willdenowii

Cladiuin mariscoides

Cyperus diandrus

Cyperus lancastriensis

Cyperus refractus

Eleocharis elliptica

Eleocharis intermedia

Eleocharis olivacea

Grass Family

American beach grass Purple triple-awned grass Flattened wild oat grass Crinkled hairgrass Tall manna-grass Junegrass Fall witch-grass American panic-grass Pale green panic-grass Weak spear-grass Prairie wedgegrass Swamp oats Wild rice

Sedge Family

Yellow-fruited sedge

Wheat sedge

Golden-fruited sedge

Field sedge

Crawe's sedge

Long sedge

Blue-green sedge

Heavy sedge

Inland sedge

Slender sedge

Mead's sedge

Pale sedge

Long-stalked sedge

Necklace sedge

Radiate sedge

Reflexed sedge

Beaked sedge

Sartwell's sedge

Rough sedge

Weak bog sedge

Slender millet sedge

Three-seeded sedge

Little green sedge

Willdenow's sedge

Twig-rush

Low umbrella-sedge

Many-flowered umbrella-sedge

Reflexed umbrella-sedge

Yellow-seeded spikerush

Matted spikerush

Olivaceous spikerush

86

Ohio's Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Cyperaceae (cont.)

Eleocharis quadrangulata Eriophorum virginicum Eriophorum viridi-carinatum Rhynchospora alba Scirpus purshianus Scleria pauciflora Scleria triglomerata Scleria verticillata

Sedge Family (cont.)

Four-angled spikerush Tawny cottongrass Green cottongrass White beak-rush Pursh's bulrush Few-flowered nut-rush Tall nut-rush Low nut-rush

Lemnaceae

Wolffia papulifera

Juncaceae

Juncus alpinus Juncus balticus Juncus greenei Juncus platyphyllus Juncus scirpoides Juncus secundus Luzula Bulbosa

Duckweed Family

Pointed water-meal

Rush Family

Alpine rush Baltic rush Greene's rush Flat-leaved rush False bulrush One-sided rush Southern woodrush

Liliaceae

Clintonia umbellulata Disporum maculatum Melanthium virginicum Tofieldia glutinosa Veratrum woodii Zygadenus glaucus

Iridaceae

Sisyrinchium raontanum Sisyrinchiun mucronatum

Orchidaceae

Cypripedium reginae Platanthera ciliaris Platanthera clavellata Platanthera orbiculata Platanthera psycodes Pogonia ophioglossoides Spiranthes lucida Spiranthes raagnicamporum

Lily Family

Speckled wood-lily Nodding mandarin Bunch flower False asphodel Wood's hellebore Wand-lily

Iris Family

Northern blue-eyed-grass Narrow-leaved blue-eyed-grass

Orchid Family

Showy lady' s-slipper Yellow fringed orchid Green woodland orchid Large round-leaved orchid Small purple-fringed orchid Rose pogonia Shining ladies' -tresses Great plains ladies'-tresses

87

Ohio's Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Orchidaceae (cont.)

Spiranthes ovalis Triphora trianthophora

Salicaceae

Salix Candida Salix petiolaris Salix serissima

Myricaceae

Comptonia peregrina

Betulaceae

Be tula pumila

Fagaceae

Quercus falcata Quercus inarilandica

Viscaceae

Phoradendron serotinum

Polygonaceae

Polygonum pensylvanicum var. eglandulosum

Portulacaceae

Claytonia caroliniana

Caryophyllaceae

Arenaria stricta

Silene caroliniana var. pensylvanica

Silene rotundifolia

Ceratophyllaceae

Ceratophyllum echinatum

Orchid Family (cont.)

Lesser ladies'-tresses Three-birds-orchid

Willow Family

Hoary willow Slender willow Autumn willow

Bayberry Family

Sweet- fern

Birch Family

Swamp birch

Beech Family

Spanish oak Blackjack oak

Mistletoe Family

American mistletoe

Buckwheat Family

Lake Erie pinkweed

Purslane Family

Carolina spring-beauty

Pink Family

Rock sandwort Carolina catchfly Round-leaved catchfly

Hornwort Family

Prickly hornwort

88

Ohio's Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Ranunculaceae

Anemone cylindrica Delphinium exaltatum Ranunculus fascicularis

Magnoliaceae

Magnolia tripetala

Fumariaceae

Corydalis sempervirens

Cruciferae

Arabis hirsuta var. pycnocarpa Dentaria multifida Draba reptans Leavenworthia uniflora Rorippa sessiliflora

Saxif ragaceae

Heuchera parviflora Heuchera villosa

Rosaceae

Agrimonia striata Amelanchier laevis Amelanchier sanguinea Geum rivale Gillenia trifoliata Potentilla palustris Potentilla paradoxa Rosa blanda Rubus pubescens

Leguminosae

Baptisia leucantha Clitoria mariana Desmodium pauciflorum Lathy rus maritimus Phaseolus polystachios Psoralea psoralioides

Buttercup Family

Prairie thimbleweed Tall Larkspur Early buttercup

Magnolia Family

Umbrella magnolia

Fumitory Family

Rock-harlequin

Mustard Family

Western Hairy rock-cress Narrow-leaved toothwort Carolina whitlow-grass Michaux's leavenworthia Sessile yellow-cress

Saxifrage Family

Small-flowered alumroot Hairy alumroot

Rose Family

Hairy agrimony Allegheny serviceberry Rock serviceberry Water avens Bowman' s-root Marsh fivefinger Bushy cinque foil Smooth rose Dwarf red bramble

Pea Family

Prairie false indigo Butterfly-pea Few-flowered tick-trefoil Inland beach-pea Wild kidney bean False scurf-pea

89

Ohio's Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Euphorbiaceae

Croton glandulosus

Callitrichaceae

Callitriche deflexa Callitriche verna

Celastraceae

Euonymus americanus

Vitaceae

Vitis cinerea

Hypericaceae

Hypericum canadense Hypericum kalmianum Hypericum majus Hypericum tubulosum

Cistaceae

Helianthemum bicknellii Helianthemum canadense Lechea intermedia Lechea leggettii

Violaceae

Viola nephrophylla Viola pedata Viola tripartita Viola walteri

Passif loraceae

Passiflora incarnata

Elaeagnaceae

Shepherdia canadensis

Melastomataceae

Rhexia vir^inica

Spurge Family

Northern croton

Water-starwort Family

Austin's water-starwort Water starwort

Staff-tree Family

American strawberry-bush

Grape Family

Pigeon grape

St, John's-wort Family

Canadian St. John's-wort Kalm's St. John's-wort Tall St. John's-wort Large marsh St. John's-wort

Rockrose Family

Plains frostweed Canada frostweed Round-fruited pinweed Leggett's pinweed

Violet Family

Northern bog violet Bird-foot violet Wedge-leaf violet Walter's violet

Passion-flower Family

Passion-flower

Oleaster Family

Canadian buffalo-berry

Melastoma Family

Virginia meadow-beauty

90

Ohio's Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Onagraceae

Epilobium angustifolium Epilobium strictum

Umbellif erae

Eryngium yuccifolium Thaspium pinna tifidum

Cornaceae

Cornus canadensis Cornus rugosa

Pyrolaceae

Chiraaphila umbellata

Ericaceae

Rhododendron maximum Rhododendron nudiflorum Rhododendron roseum Vaccinium atrococcum

Gentianaceae

Gentiana clausa

Asclepiadaceae

Asclepias variegata Asclepias viridis

Convolvulaceae

Cuscuta coryli Cuscuta pentagona

Polemoniaceae

Phlox ovata

Hydrophyllaceae

Phacelia bipinnatif ida

Evening-primrose Family

Fireweed

Simple willow-herb

Parsley Family

Rattlesnake-master Cut-leaf meadow-parsnip

Dogwood Family

Bunchberry Round-leaved dogwood

Pyrola Family

Pipsissewa

Heath Family

Great Rhododendron Pinxter-f lower Northern rose azalea Black, highbush blueberry

Gentian Family

Closed gentian

Milkweed Family

White milkweed Spider milkweed

Morning-glory Family

Hazel dodder Five-angled dodder

Phlox Family

Mountain phlox

Waterleaf Family

Fern-leaf scorpion-weed

91

Ohio's Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Boraginaceae

Myosotis macrosperma

Labiatae

Pycnanthemum muticum Synandra hispidula

Scrophulariaceae

Buchnera americana

Gratiola virginiana

Gratiola viscidula var. shortii

Melampyrum lineare

Penstemon laevigatus

Penstemon pallidus

Lentibulariaceae

Utricularia gibba Utricularia intermedia Utricularia minor

Rubiaceae

Houstonia nigricans

Capri foliaceae

Lonicera prolifera

Valerianaceae

Valeriana ciliata

Campanulaceae

Campanula rotundi folia

Compositae

Artemisia caudata Aster dumosus Aster infirmus Aster oblongifolius Aster solidagineus Cacalia muhlenbergii Cacalia tuberosa

Borage Family

Bristly scorpion-grass

Mint Family

Blunt mountain-mint Synandra

Figwort Family

Bluehearts

Round-fruited hedge-hyssop.

Short's hedge-hyssop.

Cow-wheat

Smooth beard-tongue

Downy white beard-tongue

Bladderwort Family

Humped bladderwort Flat-leaved bladderwort Lesser bladderwort

Madder Family

Narrow-leaved summer bluets

Honeysuckle Family

Grape honeysuckle

Valerian Family

Prairie valerian

Bellflower Family

Harebell

Composite Family

Beach wormwood

Bushy aster

Weak aster

Shale barren aster

Narrow-leaved aster

Great Indian-plantain

Indian- plantain

92

Ohio's Official List of Threatened Plants (cont.)

Compositae (cont.)

Cirsium hillii Helianthus mollis Helianthus occidentalis Krigia virginica Liatris cylindracea Liatris novae-angliae Liatris squarrosa Prenanthes crepidinea Prenanthes racemosa Solidago odora Solidago reraota Solidago squarrosa

Composite Family (cont.)

Hill's pasture thistle Ashy sunflower Western sunflower Dwarf dandelion Slender blazing-star New England blazing-star Scaly blazing-star Nodding rattlesnake-root Prairie rattlesnake-root Sweet goldenrod Great lakes goldenrod Leafy goldenrod

PENNSYLVANIA

Status: No List

Research on rare plants in Pennsylvania has just been initiated with the letting of contracts to inventory Pennsylvania's native flora (an official list of protected plants is not feasible during 198U).

Although Pennsylvania does not have an endangered plant list, there are laws regarding the collecting of plants on public and private land.

Reference:

Lists of Endangered Plants in Pennsylvania, 1975. E.T. Wherry, Morris Arboretum, Philadelphia.

RHODE ISLAND

Status: No List

Rhode Island is in the process of compiling a preliminary list of rare plants. Research and inventory efforts are continuing and a list should be completed by Spring 1980.

93

SOUTH CAROLINA

Status: Unofficial List

South Carolina does not have an official endangered plant list although a comprehensive, unofficial list of rare vascular plants has been compiled.

In 1976, a symposium on Endangered Species in South Carolina resulted in a preliminary list of rare plants. This list was revised in March of 1979 by the South Carolina Advisory Committee on Endangered, Threatened and Rare Plants. The Committee hopes that this list will aid legislators in the formation of laws and regulations for increased protection of the rare plants. (Continuing research and educational programs regarding endangered plants are of vital concern.)

Reference :

Native Vascular Plants Endangered, Threatened or Otherwise in Jeopardy in South Carolina. South Carolina Museum Commission. March 1979.

TENNESSEE

Status: Unofficial List

Although Tennessee does not have an official endangered plant list, much research by a special committee has resulted in an extensive unofficial rare plant list. This list includes 52 possibly extirpated, 58 endangered, 108 threatened and 123 species of special concern. (The Committee for Tennessee Rare Plants is hopeful that this list will generate educational programs, necessary legislation, public awareness and general concern for this significant portion of Tennessee's natural heritage.)

Reference:

The Rare Vascular Plants of Tennessee. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science. Vol. 53 (4) 1978.

VERMONT

Status: Official List

Vermont has had an official endangered plant list since 1975 and is currently updating this list. The new list will probably pass the legislature in late 1980. Research is continuing on endangered plants as plants are added to or deleted from the list. The following is the official 1975 State list of endangered plants. Information which identifies rare plant occurrences at the county level is not yet available.

Reference :

Rare and Endangered Vascular Plant Species in Vermont. 1972. W.D. Countryman Norwich University. Northfield, Vermont.

94

Vermont's Official List of Endangered Plants

Betulaceae

Alnus crispa

Caprifoliaceae

Viburnum edule

Caryophyllaceae

Aremaria greenlandica Aremaria rubella

Compositae

Solidago calcicola

Crucif erae

Draba incana

Diapensiaceae

Diapensia lapponica

Ericaceae

Epigaea repens Rhododendron nudiflorum Rhododendron maximum Vaccinium cespitosum Vaccinura uliginosum Vaccinium vitisidaea

Fabaceae

Astragalus blakei

Gentianaceae

Amarella sp.

Leguminosae

Hedysarum alpinum var. americanum

Lentibulariaceae

Pinguicula julgaris

Green alder

Few flowered cranberry tree

Greenland sandwort Vernal sandwort

Alpine goldenrod

Hoary or twisted whitlowgrass

Lapland diapensia

Trailing arbutus Pinxter flower Great laurel Dwarf bilberry Bob bilberry Cow berry

Mountain astragalus

Northern gentiana

Hedysarum

Butter wort

95

Vermont's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Limnanthaceae

Empetrura nigrum

Lycopodiaceae

Lycopodium selago

Orchidaceae

Malaxis sp. Calypso sp. Corallorhiza sp. Epipactis sp. Spiranthes sp. Cypripedium sp.

Orchis sp. Tipularia sp. Habenaria sp. Calopogan sp. Arethusa sp. Pogonia sp. Triphora sp. Isotria sp. Apelctrum sp. Liparis sp. Listera sp. Goodyera sp.

Pinaceae

Pinus banks iana

Polypodiaceae

Cryptogramma stelleri Polystichum brunii Dryopteris fragans var,

remostinuscula Asplenium viride Woodsia alpina Woodsia glabella

Primulaceae

Black crowberry

Club moss

Adder's mouth

Calypso

Coral root

Bastard helleborine

Ladies tresses

Chatelain lady's slipper; moccasin

flower Orchid

Cranefly orchid Rein orchid; fringed orchid Grass pink Wild pink Pogonia

Three-lobed pogonia Verticillate pogonia Putty root Twayblade

Lister's twayblade Rattlesnake plantain

Jack pine; gray pine

Slender cliffbrake Braun's holly fern Fragrant fern

Green spleenwort Alpine woodsia Smooth woodsia

Primula mistassinic

Dwarf Canadian primrose

96

Vermont's Official List of Endangered Plants (cont.)

Pyrolaceae

Pyrola minor

Rosaceae

Pyrus decora Potentilla tridentata Amelanchier bartramiana

Salicaceae

Salix planifolia Salix uva-ursi

Santalaceae

Geocaulon lividum

Saxif ragaceae

Saxifraga aizoon Saxifraga oppositifolia Saxifraga aizoides

Scrophulariaceae

Castilleja septentrionalis

Lesser winterereen

Alpine mountain ash Three toothed cinquefoil Mountain shadbush

Alpine willow Alpine willow

Northern comandra

Alpine saxifrage Mountain saxifrage Yellow mountain saxifrage

Pale painted cup

Status: Unofficial List

VIRGINIA

Virginia does not have an official endangered plant list which offers legal protection to rare plants. Research on endangered plants is continuing but no official list is planned for the near future.

Reference:

Lists of Rare, Endangered, Endemic, and Depleted Plants. Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Virginia.

1973. L.J. Uttal.

WEST VIRGINIA

Status: Unofficial List

Although West Virginia does not have an official endangered plant list, extensive research has resulted in a preliminary report on rare and

97

endangered vascular plants. This report identifies special habitats of West Virginia such as heath barrens, sphagnum bogs, and red spruce forests. A list of rare plants with a description and distribution is also presented.

West Virginia botanists recognize the need to pass endangered species legislation which would provide legal protection to many endangered plants and permit the state to participate in Federal programs. Ultimately the state would like to have a complete plant inventory which could benefit economical development by screening candidate sites prior to construction and development, thus reducing potential environmental problems.

Reference :

Rare and Endangered Species of West Virginia. Volume 1: Vascular Plants. West Virginia Department of Natural Resources. Heritage Trust Program. 1978.

WISCONSIN

Status: Official List

Wisconsin has recently adopted an official endangered and threatened plant list. This list offers protection to 56 plants. A paper entitled Plants gives distribution and habitat of each species.

Reference :

Plants. Office of Endangered and Non-Game Species. Department of Natural Resources. 1979.

Wisconsin's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants

Acanthaceae

1) Ruellia humilis Apiaceae

Wild petunia

Endangered

2) Conioselinum chinense

3) Erigenia bulbosa

4) Thaspium barbinode

Hemlock parsley Harbinger-of -spring Hairy meadow parsnip

Endangered Endangered Endangered

Asteraceae

5) Prenanthas crepidinea

6) Tanacetum huronense

Great white lettuce Lake Huron tansy

Endangered Endangered

Brassicaceae

7) Armoracia aquatica

8) Draba lanceolata

Lake cress n.c.n.*

Endangered Endangered

* n.c.n. = no common name

98

Wisconsin's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants (cont.)

Caprif oliaceae

9) Viburnum edule , Caryophyllaceae

10) Arenaria raacrophylla Cyperaceae

11) Carex lupuliformis

12) Carex media

13) Eleocharis quadrangulata

14) Eleocharis wolfii

15) Fimbristylis puberula

Ericaceae

16) Rhododendron lapponicum

17) Vacciniurn cespitosum

18) Vacciniurn vistis-idaea

Fabaceae

Squashberry

19) Astragalus alpinus Lamiaceae

20) Collinsonia canadensis Orchidaceae

21) Listeria auriculata Plant aginaceae

22) Plantago cordata Polygalaceae

23) Polygala incornata Polypodiaceae

24) Asplenium viride Pyrolaceae

25) Pterospora andromedea

26) Pyrola minor

n.c.n.

n.c.n. n.c.n. Spike rush Spike rush n.c.n.

Lapland rosebay Dwarf bilberry Mountain cranberry

Alpine milk vetch

Stoneroot

Auricled twayblade

Heart-leaved plantain

Pink milkwort

Green spleenwort

Pine drops Small shinleaf

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered Endangered Endangered Endangered Endangered

Endangered Endangered Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered Endangered

99

Wisconsin's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants (cont.)

Ranunculaceae

27) Anemone multifida

28) Caltha natans

Rosaceae

29) Geum macrophyllum Saliaceae

30) Salix cordata Santalaceae

31) Geocaplon lividum Saxif ragaceae

32) Parnassia parviflora Violaceae

33) Viola fimbriatula Apiaceae

34) Polytaenia nuttallii Asteraceae

35) Cirsium pitcheri

36) Solidago spathulata var. gillmani

Cactaceae

37) Opuntia fragilis Cyperaceae

38) Carex concinna

39) Carex lenticularis

Droseraceae

40) Drosera anglica

41) Drosera linearis

n.c.n.

Marsh marigold

Large-leaved avens

Sand dune willow

Northern comandra

Grass-of-parnassus

Violet

Prairie parsley

Dune thistle Dune goldenrod

Brittle prickley pear

n.c.n. Lenticular sedge

Sundew Sundew

Endangered Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Endangered

Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened

100

Wisconsin's Official List of Endangered and Threatened Plants (cont.)

Fabaceae

42) Lespedeza leptostachya

43) Oxytropis canpestris var.

chartaceae

Iridaceae

44) Iris lacustris Liliaceae Trillium nivale Oleaceae

46) Fraxinus quadrangulata Orchidaceae

47) Cypripedium candidum

48) Cypripedium arietinum

49) Habenaria leurophaea

50) Habenaria flava

51) Orchis rotundifolia

Poaceae

52) Festuca occidentalis Potamogetonaceae

53) Potamogeton confervoides Ranunculaceae

54) Aconitum noveboracense Saxif ragaceae

55) Parnassia palustris Violaceae

56) Viola novae-angliae

Prairie bush-clover n.c.n.

Threatened Threatened

Dwarf lake iris

Snow trillium

Blue ash

White lady's slipper Ram's head lady-slipper Prairie white-fringed

orchid Tuberculed orchid Small round-leaved orchid

Western fescue

n.c.n.

Northern Monkshood

Grass of parnassus

Violet

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened Threatened Threatened

Threatened Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

Threatened

101

Occurrence of Endangered and Threatened Plants in Wisconsin by County-*-

Species

Reference

. Species Reference

County

Number

County

Number

Adams

13,17,27

Manitowoc

6,30

Ashland

10,17,40,

55

Marathon Marinette

17

Barron

9,17

Marquette

17

Bayfield

17,19,21,

26

Menominee

Brown

7,22

Milwaukee

2,3,11,22

Buffalo

Monroe

Burnett

17

Oconto

Calumet

Oneida

17

Chippewa

17,56

Outagamie

22,56

Clark

17

Ozaukee

25,41,48

Columbia

11,16,17,

41

Crawford

1,4,5,16,

54

Pepin Pierce

45

Dane

23,42

Polk

17,18

Dodge

Portage

17

Door

6,8,24,2= 36,38,39

,31,32,35,

,44,48,52

Price

17

Douglas

17,18,28,

55

Racine

22,23

Dunn

Richland Rock

54 1,23,42

Eau Claire

Rusk

17,56

Florence

St. Croix

45

Fond Du Lac

3

Sauk

20,42

Forest

Sawyer Shawano

17

Grant

12,23,54

Sheboygan

27,35

Green

5,23

Green Lake

7

Taylor Trempealea

17

Iowa

18

Iron

10,17

Vernon Vilas

17

Jackson

Jefferson

23,33,41

Walworth

1,2,13,20,23

Juneau

14,17

Washburn Washington

17,29

Kenosha

3,13,15,22,23

Waukesha

2,3,46

Kewaunee

Waupaca Waushara

17

La Crosse

Winnebago

Lafayette

23

Wood

17

Langlade

53

Lincoln

7,17,53,56

lDistribution by county unknown for 34,37,43,47,49,50,51.

102

PLANTS WITHIN EASTERN STATES JURISDICTION

WHICH MAY BE LISTED

DURING FISCAL YEAR 1981

Species States

Asclepias meadii

Asimina tetramera

Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupi

Araphianthus pusillus

Cerastium arvense var. villossissimum

Conradina verticillata Cypripedium arietlnum Dionaea muscipula Elliottia racemosa Fimbristylis perpusilla

Franklinia altamaha Gerardia (Agalinis) acuta Geum peckii Habenaria flava

Heliathemum dumosum

Heterotheca ruthii Hudsonia montana* Jamesianthus alabemensis Kalmia cuneata Leavenworthia spp.

Lesquerella spp.

Lilium grayii

Lindernia saxicola

Macbridea alba

Mimulus rigens var. codpophilus

albimontana

Paronychia argyrocema var, Potentilla robbinsiana^ Pyxidanthera brevifolia Rhapidophyllum hystrix Rhexia parviflora

Sarracenia jonesii

Schoenolirion texanum

Trillium pusillum var. virginianum

Vaccinium sempervirens

IL, IN,

IA, KS, MO, WI

FL

NH, VT

GA, SC

PA

KY, TN

NY, MI,

MA, VT, WI, MN

NC, SC

GA

GA

GA, formerly extinct in wild

RI, CT,

MA

NH

FL, MD,

TX, TN, KY, AK, MS, IL,

IN, WI

CT

TN

NC

AL

NC, SC

TN, AL

TN, AL

NC, VA,

TN

NC, GA

FL

ME

ME, MA,

NH

NH, VT

NC, SC

FL

FL, GA

NC

FL, GA

VA, MD

FL, GA

■•■Mountain Golden-heather (Hudsonia montana) has been proposed for threatened status. The Fish and Wildlife Service held a public meeting on July 1, 1980 to discuss this proposal.

^Robbin's Cinquefoil (Potentilla robbinsiana) has been proposed for endangered status. The Fish and Wildlife Service held a public meeting on April 28, 1980 to solicit public comments on the proposal. All comments were favorable to the proposed listing. Robbin's Cinquefoil will probably be federally-listed as endangered before October 1980.

103

SPECIES

STATES

Leavenworthia spp. Lilium grayii Lindernia saxicola Macbridea alba Pyxidanthera brevifolia Rhapidophyllum hystrix Rhexia parviflora Sarracenia jonesii Schoenolirion texanum Vacciniura sempervirens

TN, AL

NC, VA, TN .

NC, GA

FL

NC, SC

FL

FL, GA

NC

FL, GA

FL, GA

104

STATE AGENCIES

The following agencies have cooperated with the Bureau of Land Management in providing information on endangered plants. Concerned individuals may wish to contact these agencies to obtain the most current state endangered plant list, since species may be added or deleted as more research is completed.

Alabama

Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Administrative Building 64 N. Union Street Montgomery, AL 36130 (205) 832-6361

Arkansas

Arkansas Natural Heritage Inventory Continental Building Room 514 100 Main Street Little Rock, AR 72201 (501) 376-3247

Connecticut

Department of Agriculture Room 273 State Office Building Hartford, CT 06115 (203) 566-4667

Delaware

Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources Delaware State College Dover, DE 19901 (302) 678-5195

Florida

Office of Environmental Services Game and Freshwater Fish Commission 620 S. Meridian Street Tallahassee, FL 32301 (904) 488-6662

Georgia

Endangered Plant Program Room 702

270 Washington Street, SW Atlanta, GA 30334 (404) 656-3530

105

Illinois

Endangered Species Program 600 N. Grand West Springfield, IL 62702 (217) 782-6384

Indiana

Iowa

Indiana Heritage Program

Division of Outdoor Recreation

Indiana Department of Natural Resources

612 State Office Building

Indianapolis, IN 46204

(317) 232-4078

Iowa State Conservation Commission State Office Building, 300 4th Street Des Moines, IA 50319 (515) 281-5145

Kentucky

Kentucky Heritage Program

Kentucky Nature Preserves Commission

407 Broadway

Frankfort, KY 40601

(502) 564-2886

Louisiana

State Office of Conservation

State Land and Natural Resources Building

P.O. Box 44275

Baton Rouge, LA 70804

(504) 389-5161

Maine

Department of Conservation State House Augusta, ME 04330 (207) 289-2212

Maryland

Non-Game and Endangered Species Program Tawes State Office Building 580 Taylor Avenue Annapolis, MD 21401 (301) 827-8612

106

Massachusetts

Massachusetts Heritage Program

Massachusetts Department of Environmental Management

Division of Planning

100 Cambridge Street

Boston, MA 02202

(617) 727-8893

Michigan

Department of Natural Resources Stevens T. Mason Bldg. Lansing, MI 48926 (517) 373-2329

Minnesota

Minnesota Natural Heritage Program 111 N. Jefferson Street Jackson, MS 39202 (601) 354-7226

Mississippi

Mississippi State Heritage Program 111 N. Jefferson Street Jackson, MS 39202 (601) 354-7226

Missouri

Endangered Species Program

Missouri Department of Conservation

P.O. Box 180

Jefferson City, M0 65102

(314) 751-4115

New Hampshire

New Hampshire Fish and Game Department 34 Bridge Street Concord, NH (603) 271-3421

New Jersey

New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Division of Parks and Forestry P.O. Box 1420 Trenton, NJ 08625 (609) 292-2797

107

NeW York

Department of Environmental Conservation 50 Wolf Road Albany, NY 12233 (518) 457-3446

North Carolina

Ohio

North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC (704) 597-2315

Department of Natural Resources Division of Natural Areas and Preserves Fountain Square Columbus, OH 43224 (614) 466-8970

Pennsylvania

Department of Environmental Resources

202 Evangelical Press Building

3rd and Reily Street

P.O. Box 1467

Harrisburg, PA 17120

(717) 787-3260

Rhode Island

Heritage Program

Department of Natural Resources

83 Park Street

Providence, RI 02908

(401) 277-2771

South Carolina

South Carolina Wildlife Department

Building D, Dutch Plaza

Box 167

Columbia, SC 29202

(803) 758-6314

Tennessee

Department of Conservation 2611 West End Avenue Nashville, TN 37203 (615) 741-2301

108

Vermont

Agency of Environmental Conservation Barmar Building 5 Court Street Montpelier, VT 05602 (802) 828-3371

Virginia

Commission of Game and Inland Fisheries P.O. Box 11104 Richmond, VA 23230 (804) 257-1000

West Virginia

Department of Natural Resources 669 State Office Building 3 1800 Washington Street, E. Charleston, WV 25305 (304) 348-2754

Wisconsin

Department of Natural Resources

Pyare Square Building

4610 University Avenue

Box 7 921

Madison, WI 53701

(608) 266-9168

109

GPO 872 748

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