AN ECOLOGICALLY ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR FLORA AT THE CHESAPEAKE BAY CENTER FOR FIELD BIOLOGY, WITH KEYS by Daniel Higman Office of Ecology Smithsonian Institution Washington, D.C. May, 1968 NOT TO BE CITED OR PUBLISHED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE HEAD OF THE OFFICE OF ECOLOGY, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Mane YomTTy i Ay An Ecologically Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Flora at the Chesapeake Bay Center for Field Biology, with Keys Smithsonian, Office of Ecology Daniel Higman Smithsonian Institution Washington, D. C. 20560 May, 1968 forsusiseqat tateqad j howe 2.4 nosed tame, Introduction The 690 acres of land owned by the Smithsonian Institution at the Chesapeake Bay Center for Field Biology lie on the west shore of the Bay in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, approximately 7 miles south of Annapolis and 30 miles east of Washington, D. C. The Center consists of three tracts: Java Farm, Corn Island, and the southern part of Ivy Neck peninsula (referred to herein simply as Ivy Neck). The topographic map (Figure 1) shows their relation- ship. Java Farm and Corn Island lie on Rhode River, on opposite sides of Muddy Creek estuary. Ivy Neck lies on West River. The topography of the Center ranges from rolling upland at Java Farm to nearly level lowland at Ivy Neck. There is also much variation in the soils and drainage. The vegetation includes extensive areas of hardwood forest, abandoned fields and pastures, and coastal salt marsh. Ivy Neck also contains cultivated fields and sandy beach areas. Thus the Center presents a broad spectrum of ecological systems. The Smithsonian Institution recently acquired the land, and in 1966 established a consortium with The Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland for a cooperative program of ecolog- ical research. One of the first projects at the Center has been a survev of the vascular flora and the preparation of an ecologically am .. ek afF no ake yasfotd BiskT, rea ybosnal xocrqqys .; bre lexsl! gigued Labenik 4 ant 52 st moxankdee Re Fane aolia OF me ax loadsa 7 ada bye , baciel ean ‘arral, avel a vidmle mieten of barrels) aiseninegq.&oall. vl enortuiey Tied? ewcle (fi stuart) qam ofdysusoqal Palesgds wo ~xrOvtH abmiA ao stl based ore® baw oat aval ait pene duaW go weti wos wy WNXewsa9 Gen vbtuit Sol mist avel ts basiqu emits Df onnas sine sd3 Ita viqeege ee relgarieay doua Gals ef ovo" .dos yl so buateol ‘level gira od < Benve Sultenooxs esbulint neriniassvy set .sganterh bain abhor oid mk, Sige Leateroo bane , aayoteka i ebiet) besobreda .saero? boowbted Beast vinax bag ehior’ bDotackifius enisiaes dale sash vv feoteotooe 2G mityioges board 6 aduererg tedded ont gunk yBosl so beaidnns, yi 4o0csy notguat gent nL aveaie it 9 one Whesoota) erianggh auiel etl sky apisrsenos -& bateh en tes oad Spolone : 7} Saxgore avitayecoos - tot baslysst tor covenant “ ® oad eat tote09 af) SR =i23(o3q Jank? en eas ‘ lasigosors ne Xe ob teaEasTg ailz bein wi vata VICINITY OF THE CHESAPEAKE BAY CENTER FOR FIELD BIOLOGY ANNE ARUNDEL COUNTY, MARYLAND fbi : ates ort PH nee a } ene, ‘sf mwa at Ly U 1 Poult \ annotated checklist with artificial keys. This checklist provides basic information required in the planning of future projects. The floristic survey has concentrated on the areas of Java Farm and Ivy Neck, with less comprehensive coverage of Corn Island. The reason for this restriction is that the previous owner of the island is still in residence there, and much of the vegetation is subject to slight disturbance. Part of the island has been land- scaped and a grass turf is maintained. The chestnut oak forest vegetation on the rest of the island resembles that of Hog Island, which is part of Java Farm. As background information the physical environment, history of land use, and present vegetation at the Center are presented in the first part of this introduction. The second part will explain the checklist, the format of its keys, and the ecological annotations which accompany each entry. Physical Environment of the Chesapeake Bay Center The physiography of the Center ranges from rolling upland at Java Farm to gently south-sloping lowland at Ivy Neck. Java Farm has two steep north-south ridges near the headquarters area, of which the taller has an elevation of 100 feet. Elsewhere, the elevation averages 20 to 60 feet. Moderately steep forested slopes occur in all directions. The Farm lies at the mouth of the watershed of Muddy Creek, and is drained by the north fork of this creek and by I Pebahitisey digto gehidoeda ‘begeaomm : renogtorg sien le edt oh bow deeper ois bape wrelito seotaves syiagsdetands seal. Aydw pled yd wea iy Yenwo.evoiveid edd jade) el aottotasaes Bids sod Aoeoee hs re ae nee B pate PLS ca) id ae 4, hte aslo RotIesSseny SA2¢30 Agia bre aya Sousglksed me: Pees The, : i itn ee Loeee. Hone tht Boitinoesy binket std io Tees of3 op sot tetegoy. « LY. Bae! { > Pred odie Ba £2 Se Maa ow { ro woo) wr 3 Wik nag j2oke he 3 - | rf , 7u I two rec. bra C1) t \ Sic USF fesiiunigeas ad ; . on tnwriat sats ry t ind | i] } tm % I ; oat ‘ y) ivint tear avay i — a eneeeiel iin ove te ' he a : . : ae i Se ooe Loy uM =o 4) ; f1. 36 ibe t purer aoa, , are uy! PP har f ; od oe nigole-dgad Vitoos oF ae avall® 4 ; a ee’ ae eho ye, EIA TSUupi J Issn eopbis (ton-taten, qasté_ oes Bee M2 suD50 By te horas 19938 yiede suite Ro tetersscw siz to Meson 4s in eald get ait (AG Gee Aeezy aid) to Aap: (axon saz, 2a. several springs. Although most of the farm is well drained, one abandoned pasture is vernally inundated until May or June. Muddy Creek becomes tidal near the junction of its forks and apparently grows increasingly saline toward its estuary, as reflected by a gradient in the vegetation. Salt marshes line much of the coast of Java Farm. One marsh at the mouth of Fox Creek drainage (near the head of Fox Creek estuary) changes abruptly from freshwater to salt. In contrast to Java Farm, Ivy Neck is virtually level and poorly drained. Three small streams drain the northern part, but on the peninsulas much of the soil is vernally saturated and the many small coves are closed by salt marshes. Severe erosion occurs along the coast, especially at the confluence of Rhode and West Rivers. The soils of the Chesapeake Bay Center range in texture from loamy sand to silt loam. Fine sandy loams predominate at Java Farm, silt loams at Ivy Neck. This distribution of soil types reinforces the differences in drainage. The soil maps (Figures 2 and 3) illustrate the distribution of 15 soil types, according to a soil survey of Anne Arundel County now being conducted by the U. S. Soil Conservation Service. Detailed des- criptions of the compositions of these types will not become available until the soil survey is published in 1969. However, three of the types were described in an earlier soil survey (Phillips, Perkins, and Winant, 1928). Brief descriptions of these three soil types are given below: lv Collington Fine Sandy Loam: Brown surface loam and underlying glauconite, both with a high iron content, friable but sticky. Substratum of fine sand, silt, and clay. Drainage oe 40: elt ‘peanw Kavebinrs hy eave a “Bits oneal Rot: att dol isae ae aon ‘Fabius sae peal i pssgeites BE .Vieiteg edt Baas srifse' vishissessa) ewote eam Mem’ sii ip om sar esdarey see. .potisteesy, sit al inetbete & 2 . : : oe ; . cm Repro teen) Sar tsxl Aaend, cov Jo Mapom silt as cand! anh dope ae 4 1 See Gk Ete aes earls f revere 1 Se = aa ; “% meg! ‘ “Lee OF | 2529wnes TOT, We a LNs SE EUGTO Cas Sees ees net *o- =e Vineor fas fsa! eT Me nee wl yirtsey Seek pa T2671 In0s ‘ee add po. jun ,34sa nvsder 1 als5sb aybSetd res: Get T . baxt, ; BS snote. erevse he: . it Juke vd beaks sae ee Of a) F { = he: oRTavia Re) fe. 5 { yl Tie, * '. SSI 5878s VIO rats : a rTue? cre Sg) : r of “ AAG fe Avy ‘ Pe ee Iles oth $6 AJP ff i =F » NB Oi ge REET st | i Siqioisy e294 ; indivicth apea mt memevot soe bh sis siexyeuli * bas Sst lt) Bat 7a Wer yINue) Lai “ys naa 3 vovvT gt SoS Dei) ail , » ta) Pr ferysenc : H ‘.Vve Demers! ,egtilint) wavrne | 2 restivas as gi bhodivogeb stev ae [een SiG S8Oyd lice ssxiia sus enoriqi¢ssab Yatyh »(eSO0 oie pe Phe meol saetree pvo7h = ieee ylined So43 gorge t tod” Sidsiy) ,3e62n05. mos: deli « dite ased ein 5 a BSgentas! .yalo ots , 1a, bose eakt 30) ‘ ISLAND SOIL TYPES AT JAVA FARM AND CORN a tv 47¢ weueyv oy) Da ¥))))) Lb Ts 24 oa AL <32?55? ” <4 Arcau¢ ic types) if imary Classification (numbers refer to spec Pr e ie) ce) = == Sandy Loam o a) o = Cc ] = aay Fine Sandy Loam Soils data from Anne Arundel County Soil Survey, Soil Conservation Service. Data from advanced field sheets, subject to change. \ea ; >it { 3479" oT 6! Ayer - Tem lkt rol Yiomi 4 aoe) tlic Aes mood de toil = mood ybave abo nol” i = moos yvbaot anit Hy AnoMeVIeenC> lick gerd |.2 yirwed lebawA enn monte yegrnds ot |>2jdue ibis bieit boonovbe mow? mt We Figure 2. Soil Types at Java Farm and Corn Island Loam 762 Donlonton Sandy Loam 334 Adelphia 774 Colemantown Fine Sandy Loam 323 Collington 373 Monmouth 763 Donlonton 318 Marr 341 Shrewsbury 581 Bibb 771 Colemantown Tidal Marsh Man Made (at.? dotmolnod $8 fobs dee imongemsiod 67% f. > caret mot ybosd s0i4 ror mosgnitind £&é fivanneM SOIL TYPES AT IVY NECK Primary Classification (numbers refer to specific types) Loamy Sand Silt Loam Tidal Marsh a Pond Soils data from Anne Arundel County Soil Survey, Soil Conservation Service. Data from advanced field sheets, subject to change. OR YVi TA ‘BARAT Hoe ‘> yromint bane ympol: mood ybnod Enolavieine? lice ev we lice yinueD piles 20 grivle o! oajdue 2tserie bhai besnavbo a Figure 3. Soil Types at Ivy Neck Loamy Sand 377 Monmouth Sandy Loam 334 Adelphia Fine Sandy Loam 373 Monmouth Silt Loam 401 Keyport 411 Elkton 771 Colemantown Tidal Marsh 4 Si excellent. Agriculturally important. Needs moderate amounts of lime. Much of the area formerly mapped under this type is now designated Monmouth Fine Sandy Loam. 2. Keyport Silt Loam: Brown surface loam with a compact underlying hardpan one or two feet deep. Drainage poor. Deficient in phosphate and lime. 3. Elkton Silt Loam: Similar to Keyport Silt Loam. Drainage and agricultural value poor. Much of the area now mapped under this type was formerly designated Keyport Silt Loam. Coastal plain sediments underlie virtually all of Anne Arundel County. At the Chesapeake Bay Center they are approximately 2,000 feet thick. The most recent deposits are of Pleistocene age. These cover much of Ivy Neck and correspond approximately with the occurrence of Keyport silt loam. On Java Farm the Pleistocene deposits have been eroded away to reveal those of Miocene and Eocene age. These older sediments are composed of sand, gravel, marl, silt, and clay. Some contain artesian aquifers. The deeper strata go down to Lower Cretaceous age, and finally reach a crystaline basement rock of undetermined depth. The climate is characterized by mild summers and winters, moderated by the proximity of Chesapeake Bay. Approximate annual temperatures range from 1.6°C (35F) ime Jianiarys tOl2 as Ol Ce @/n/ yy) am July. The growing season is about 203 days, from mid-April to late October. Annual precipitation averages 44 inches, usually reaching a maximum in August, but may be quite variable for single months. The annual snowfall averages 21 inches (Mack, 1962). ee Pose tnunns eh sich nba dined oat tlemateabah wor gl qed abe cohinsi beq¢na vixsates ots ee Hou, Meo Chass ae daoginmod baa POEGMOD ky rt iw iMadk ssginye sword Se od 3ikE peakyed 8 . Aesrstted.. .codd Sqeatevd ,qsah 193% ows 40 seo meqbaad gee here's whl bow aisagqe: Baqqem won sexe Sis. Yo cout sroog ota inti luskege bet age @ Adah Gale ep Ti ‘SA | Aires 23! ay [ *2 macs? anu qt? ekds PopneTA anak Io Lie videvayiy oiixveba mibee atelq tsaeeod DVO TS Yisienixorqys sis vent ti05 ‘aH aseetnehD, afd SA SOomey yt: i wha ie Bays vité by eet , ‘fry ott - _ ddussi ‘g head evs ealeagad sngsete f ons myeai ove fi neot tite | rae ant ‘3 3 (eover ol vaws. Babe | c | BOS si og 4 : : a. 19v1 Xt i bgtnyting ove 8 TSritke : ‘ BuO Gest) raw co ray 55 BAe iSti asi it (Mi tups Hes eetts nteay : ited boanlwasadshav - dS: ee donot ylfantt bre Pe Bee seay Oey, aac bt ssivotogieds ek Siambia oft | fauna ve en Teorey, “sd aap ard Se ytindxetg 942 vd bese as on ib Ze tad. doce antbnt igve) S0.d word sates Semen wet oF i lsaqA-hi Gt eva EOL sods ef deeese gabworg edt petrjeo; vilevay ,eofoa! +4 eagrrevs aoltedtigigedy. satis 7 addon Slants fo) Slisiter aafup od weer ted sAaugua at, 4, History of Vegetation and Land Use The presettlement forest of Anne Arundel County probably consisted of mixed mesophytic hardwoods, with pine on the drier sites. In an attempt to reconstruct this forest, Braun (1950) places the boundary of her Oak-Chestnut and Oak-Pine forest regions approximately within the county. On the Maryland Coastal Plain these two regions correlate roughly with the Wicomico and Talbot Pleistocene terraces, both of which eccur at the Chesapeake Bay Center. The canopy of Braun's Oak-Chestnut forest includes American chestnut, beech, white oak, Spanish oak, red maple, and pignut hickory. The Oak-Pine forest differs from this pri- marily in having much more sweet gum, less chestnut, and persistent stands of loblolly and Virginia pines on the drier sites. On the upland the Oak-Pine forest also contains black, scarlet, and post oaks; on the lowland are loblolly pine, sweet gum, sour gum, red maple, pin and willow oaks, beech, and tuliptree. Shelford (1963) describes a similar canopy composition for the area, but adds shagbark and mockernut hick- ories and blackjack oak. A historical reference to Ivy Neck (Kelly, 1965) mentions a stand of tuliptree on a hilltop near the Center and one of white oak on the adjacent lowland during the 1650's. Virtually all of the above species except shagbark hickory now occur at the Center (see next section). The composition of the presettlement forest was subject to several influents, but at present it is difficult to draw conclusions as to their relative importances. Shelford (1963) describes the inhibitive effect of the selective consumption of nuts and berries by deer, bears, pS yldadodtq ysino? fobaurrA gowk x0 eevee Geamelsoseeng YC ax! ae ate eee it's fo ‘eat abew Fiala is atagdqoesin | jourdendzes of aq 3 Maabrived ad? bas W2et) fates tao%a% ett meds tw Phatverkearcds ekobyst eave} oni TAR hie suo ‘eit | sunlait65 siol no4 ows snets ciel baited) Sime ls rAM ae 0 wakpeme . Beau 10 4iod . 69957152) sassoseto!'! sodint hoe cakmokW edd dsky ete donseor) Je 2B! nerd! 7o. yadne +. sf te a) Vet s2eoqered>: S07 Jeoeiee Va Get .wekoO Heiner .atao S23 rus aged “tiniesad Paw ge petoe P, Pwr mand Wor. axrsyorl fearot snArs—iet 1OHxo LT Wate bana , Si qent ! : | i oa 1 PIS2RTeySy iytre JS 2345 iS pis War mm floumlenivend af woe H Sepoeioy Ad} nO .astia wth sam yyy Lime inidoel 3d sae i: : ' a it Bid go stitha. Prow hry ; per Dt mv 3; ¥ ; sgrd=ss0 ee boas oke Si aq8in. D Pd } mu j or fool dal ? 72 banter —— Poiemie Hwsdiynash (ode rou! TIgt os bs $9930 _nIBO a Ret ayy ost iicam: I ie Pe Le) t ult so00moa ss aaqeo hatieyidiuo vidndoxve bus ,si34071 asd¢a bne. eve beyettag | aa —_ nae ebaqwstii TOTr #9513 yavoy sdi 2u0 ine sosg Ifeme adg belli eeemtid st HE) beteusdxs vilvsreums? sy4w asoTudasy sues oade. ae Memeo Ged arfhibel yisiosbse sagds ,ssvsworl ,60al vi .(6deb bodabkf fo mee BRS ,eAsodnatieupay? sitivew sda vd yews asvitab vlinsieqqs , bax Serra Mestdefipion sey 297th taaxuisi ed3 te dozen yet add Jo, en0me se Py" 7 ey et 2 Yow : ides ‘eribivtns 20:.40125n00 saionuatadpacd od soneh oyu i) Sta ; } . F ‘= 7 Cale ' i i ; nN Pi Dray . _ fc) on Pa iv Ab. forest fires, principally ground fires, to encourage the growth of grass for deer and elk. Early settlers held these fires partly responsible for huge areas of "barrens," or "sapling land," on the Maryland Piedmont, and for an extremely thin shrub layer in the forest of the Coastal Plain. The Indians also set fires to drive game and to clear village sites (Middleton, 1953). Early settlers imitated the practice of forest burning to benefit their cattle and to clear fields (Marye, 1955). However, the importance of forest fires should not be overestimated. Fire did not prevent the thin-barked tuliptree or yellow-poplar from being a characteristic species, as evidenced by the names Tulip Hill (Kelly, 1965), Poplar Neck, Poplar Knoil, etc. given by early settlers. The nuts of other fire-sensitive trees, such as beech and hickory, were eaten by the Indians who left the shell heaps and probably also by the later Susquehannocks. The normally heavy rainfall and numerous streams in Anne Arundel County probably kept the forest fairly moist and limited the spread of ground fires. Colonial settlement in the county began about the year 1650, and tobacco soon became the principal crop. It was raised throughout the vicinity of the Chesapeake Bay Center (Kelly, 1965). As tobacco con- sumes much nitrogen and potash, only freshly cleared land produced good crops, and the forest was rapidly cleared to yield the best crops obtainable (Craven, 1926). Soil erosion and stream siltation became so serious that in 1704 and 1743 laws were passed against the clearing of stream banks (Middleton, 1953). For this reason, and because of rough terrain or inaccessability, part of the present forest on Java Farm (along Muddy Creek and on Fox Point and Hog Island) may have escaped ‘uote 09 Seats bimserx'g Pant omban at te ‘yiorad esa Bas Lecale eror $3200 heat vie Fie que va Pine t-satt ‘ont me" iret -gittd gee"! ty " snereted™: xe enor pene’ ‘pid Yo Jesior eg at seyal dysia -ahds aie oes “es ‘qypfity deals oF bes may ovith of e584 390 o8ks conta r i Begtoi $8 'Saisogag offs -badaaint aisisiee elsaa Ao (C2Or 1098) pocdet jsvest) poistt tesls oF bas altzse. viens Iiteeed Ae ont y : > a ; Whatsinitadye vo 31 Jon bluaie gox)2 tes703 45 ponnsvonek ons ravewolt more aeigeq-vaolley so saxgqtin! hodyed-atds elt cRevedq den bibes Mage arti) cemine Sa vii barnubive pe .estoste vé we bik y & 4 R i» c i Vereen Virose vd mais 36 lor xafuot .dsed relqes (2K « gik ‘ Syew sYyoisid one inead e ASUa ,~Reei) sy sItense-s tt ~ani%to In Lay ‘4 Beeween avo bye Jvaluisx vueed yifsmon of {Losnedsopesd) cee nae j i, Peter hive Yeaion vistcd avoie id teed wi datoro wn hebmevA sek shee 7 1 - . om a eat ats an usstqe sige : WES- BHadgunrn: » ‘nyloding of! smecsd geoe 2eaiad “nos Heycdi) «: af ET4% Sh790 yet sJeeongadd std Gd wear boos basihorg db: vi ij vite ~ entry bite cthgows Be sine Siete 24 SU9 Wisiv of boetSels Vibiqed eaw teseol eda fag eemeose Heldesiie weoiive bos golesws [Poe ()52L . saweroy SNNRWES Ss 4i2 Jettvlage heeseq srow awed Edel baw ooVe fa teed, — Be etessd bre paseesy ordt voT) | ESOT rises: ac ae ont Wo seeret tcomesy a3 39 Iyer) quake Die from cultivation, although it was almost certainly lumbered, burned, and browsed by cattle. This forest has not been cultivated at least since 1846, Colonial cultivation methods encouraged erosion and the development of hardpan. After a few tobacco crops the land was briefly farmed to corn and wheat, then abandoned. Tobacco exports periodically flooded the British market, producing severe depressions and the abandonment of fields (Craven, 1926). Reaccumulation of soil nutrients probably was slow. Before 1800 no fertilization or renewal of the soil was attempted. The monopoly of arable land for tobacco deprived livestock of corn and pasturage. Cattle browsed the forests and probably grazed the salt marshes. There is no available record of the marshes having been culti- vated, mowed, or reclaimed. Between 1800 and 1850 the fertilization of fields with manure, marl, and gypsum developed and slowly became standard practice. Soil erosion was checked. Large tobacco plantations gave way to small farms where more efficient use of fertilizer was possible and crops were diversified. General prosperity continued until the Civil War (Craven, 1926). A postwar depression crippled agriculture until 1880, after which grain and truck farming slowly recovered. Java Farm served as a dairy from 1915 until its abandonment in 1945. Although the forest there was not lumbered during this period, fallen logs were removed every spring. Cultivated fields were rotated between corn and barley, but from 1937 to 1945 alfalfa was largely substituted for corn. The present meadow north of the headquarters "7 ebadsileut “datartas tennis aaw St dauerdsde moked tue 2 besevigiur masd fon ani! teaver. i ry a eS i Gra : ‘ 4) 1 x Sf 3400 yd" boaMD, sOSB Da ban volinvtdled Tehookaid v Pe ve eusiaie? witsiid cow tit sft aqoxs oosadod woh w Teeth ghana hawaii? Vibesshaiton elyogxe ooocsins » -bsebbatde sets. deadw hap eee Delmer? Uteotheiveh erroq fo le ci a Po Sheiiistinds sit bas aaoheesit gad SHEE | tetra detiistooae j a gan te y Tat wet tai a} na 12 a? { : efi 4 , : {ae } gneve) ebl & bie 4 a ‘ , Wevedst3¢ eew iioa on i ssifisiel. on GOR! sete Ly : and Bap Gao) to Aoetzewii vie aio darn 20% .; ‘ Mas ali Ras: rinise in $2970 3 oe 3360 , Ul in =P fins yar aad is ; BAP] f sxadT eden if ro. , bowen . D238¥ on | One a ‘Ss Pal iyed 27 | I bas O08L agswied Aes = Sbabikeiovib ovo x \ e t i WTR Ss biw ‘2 7 WE Jnemnn J Ready eto. Tone | “Wate dai ree poLwey eid? aiz: Sg : Leoveb wuegy® onal Fs barsosls an = 15) E af +3 '? 30 4ey Jastohiee Sue . wate i ro: ‘19qBOT> Sevomam pn laeasyeee er _ gatwral aovess hom f ib a havisce aseal) evel Woe a ¥ t 1s aS Y sein rei2 Jest? od? deundaea: fal redial nizwga YSGVS Aevedeat eseF ‘ggol [ints CARI OS ‘gor? gad walied dae oxes ij Yo deed sobese Jaeasad ad? , ' I 6. area was used as pasture. No cultivation, burning, or mowing of the marshes took place. Since the dairy was abandoned in 1945, it has remained unused. No fires or tenant farming disturbed the development of the vegetation. A broad spectrum of communities now occurs. Portions of Ivy Neck are still under cultivation to corn and wheat. One field was abandoned in 1963, but was recultivated in 1967. Both Scaffold Peninsula (between Scaffold and Cheston Creeks) and Cheston Peninsula (between Cheston Creek and Rhode River) were entirely cultivated until about 1900. The present deciduous forest on Scaffold Peninsula has apparently developed naturally since the abandonment of agriculture there. It was lumbered about 1942. The loblolly pine stand on Cheston Peninsula was planted in 1933 and has been left undisturbed. Present Vegetation Types The present vegetation of the Chesapeake Bay Center falls into six major categories: hardwood forest, coniferous forest, cultivated field, formerly cultivated field, freshwater marsh, and salt marsh. Within each category variations occur in the composition of the vegetation. These variations usually take the form of patterns of plant communities, referred to here as vegetation types. The boundaries of the types are not always sharply distinctive, especially where the vegetation is immature, but they form a mosaic within the hardwood forest and other main categories. s1gtesg Be beau Bem SORLS apsiq: dons acti of > »bopime homes RotueIO Wot Hoi thames oO mipIseqe,. bard A sBolsasagev od evi ite ono} 920%, m3 Wee p> oo nobisvidlis tba Liiaa ote Meeeins hetevitliuosy aiv3ud ,fO°l oi benobascs saw BEsda as Bre Abie (akon), podkedo. Grr ofctias® ssewian) olvethnst, biehtsod gas Vist ius Siow (vevtt abort ons Asso? wodsald 199250) sive’ peg dead Bhanateon mo Jbarod etiowhiaeh ineeare oc HE Re Mramngbinds sta oot J rah beqoforah swt Shiga wataldol. adi, ok newsdnin! 2ew 2 «Sigg Pet eal sar bons €feL ne 55 ce ic ow pluto! wotesiD on, basze. oa -bodrute lhe 7 Sant alist vasae & a ’ o 2DLIRISgSY. InsestTy BAT basavidivs ¢ eS este ee PO401 boOOvbrEnh au En g8363 10lne x) wea, Slee. hate Thi Avitesta Diss Sinan bitoa einsaro® Mt Me FO Mok fepcmes, 907 al tasoy atodisetsev) Vapesdap Gomes Ap Baweises To iol ai 2. {iruee apobjaiusy eesAt obese ‘ Chie): Sh. .ejve welssieguy zs a138 p32 a aE eBvi2oakieth plymeio aveule Jon 236 eemmde ofa = ne san stagin) - orroD gets. avd, Maisie a i Br Oar The present vegetation types provide baselines for studies of vegetation development. The similarities and differences among the types in each major category may reflect environmental character- istics or recent histories, but further research is required to establish correlations. Most of the Center has been abandoned from cultivation within the past 70 years or less, and the vegetation in these areas is still immature and changing considerably. The older hardwood forests appear to be mature and relatively stable. The two vegetation maps of the Center (Figures 4 and 5) are based on 28 vegetation types, which are listed in the legends of the maps. Details of the types are given in Table I, which includes lists of the more abundant plants and provides a basis for comparing the vegetation on Java Farm and Ivy Neck. There is less overlap between the vegetation types of the two areas than might be expected, probably in part because of the more level topography and poorer drainage at Ivy Neck, and in part because of differences in recent historical land use. No vegetation map of Corn Island has been prepared. The remainder of this report will explain the structure of the checklist and of its artificial keys. The ecological annotations which show the relationship of each species to its vegetation pattern will also be described. Table I follows. ad. aonwoag wg ew oo) saitSga¥ Whee a HY wortesoooy ect bos, gasl 1 ereag OF teed add aid Pee wnt” Utd ershignns geteroio brie atoswems fl hae aelevigelay bon assem sd oY aestqa algerot bo or fsetd O15 (2: boa © sesagFt) tet) of3 io sqem a rhe pasted: coltetogavi tal ry Vane at Vy Bhisnsi) ats wk beiall evs iin Be att arses Toy Heed a eebrverg bas etaal OReawtad eel iovO B28) F TO | 43% ; ima mint vet tHAOeT Hl asonarotieh “4 BRunohe IIA Me eoov eri Je oe Perea ery rae fet bittel rye gaa rat Tats Ba 25 Syirtouwse “SAF Gkalaxa fliw srodss Proc se To wis. Ls sit .eyat falksleisis Siiote San cas. Pereeiny fet tinwoqeys oti as est dose to ghdeaotta bed. eda wane VEGETATION TYPES AT JAVA FARM numbers refer to specific types) ( ication if imary Class Pr Le ” be s =e 7) ®o he LL. Salt Marsh i i e1sdmua) aoitpatieenlD yam JAVA FARM LEGEND (Figure 4) FOREST TYPES Hardwoods 1A. Beech, Tuliptree 1B. Beech, Tuliptree, Oaks, Hickories 1C. Beech, Tuliptree, White Oak, Sycamore, Sweetgum 2. Tuliptree, Black Oak, Blackgum 3. White, Black, and Spanish Oaks, Sweetgum *4A. Chestnut Oak, White and Black Oaks, Hickories (4B to 4D only at Ivy Neck) 5. Spanish and Willow Oaks, Sweetgum, Tuliptree 6A. Walnut, Sweetgum 6B. Walnut, Sweetgum, Spanish Oak, Beech 7A. Locust, Sweetgum, Elm 7B. Locust, Black Oak, Sweetgum, Red Maple, Sassafras 7C. Locust, Sweetgum, Tuliptree, Sycamore (7D to 7F only at Ivy Neck) 8A. White Ash, Sycamore 8B. White Ash, Sycamore, Red Maple, Elm, Sweetgum 9. Tuliptree, Sweetgum, Red Maple, Sassafras 10. Dogwood, Sweetgum, Red Maple, Sassafras (11 to 17 only at Ivy Neck) Conifers 18A. Virginia Pine predominant 18B. Virginia Pine, Sweetgum, Tuliptree, Hickories *19A. Loblolly Pine, Sweetgum (pine predominant ) (19B and 19C only at Ivy Neck) ABANDONED FIELD TYPES (20 and 21 are CULTIVATED FIELD TYPES, and occur only at Ivy Neck) 22A. Reed Canary Grass 22B. Kentucky Bluegrass *23. Goldenrod, Aster, Brambles, Poison Ivy, Honeysuckle, young hard- woods 24A. Sweetgum, Cherry, Red Maple, Pin Oak, Elm, Sassafras, Persimmon, Dogwood, Tuliptree, Hornbeam 24B. Virginia Pine predominant 24C. Virginia Pine, hardwoods of 24A. (25 only at Ivy Neck) MARSH TYPES Fresh Marsh 26A. Grass, Rose, Black Willow 26B. Hempweed, Touch-me-not, Black Willow *27A. Sea Myrtle, Salt Reedgrass, Salt Cordgrass *27B. Salt-meadow Grass, Alkali Grass *27C. Cattail, Marsh Mallow, Salt Cordgrass, Wild Bean *Occurs also at Ivy Neck nt saaneied eas: Pate airhyyit Aer BeRAONS LN : OS i 2 eS 7 Mg = = as = = > = a - palzoutath ase veovintlut «ft Bin, Pyaeona Sake yitotdad -li* ' : x sire ; Fsiueuthohss det og WE, astagi ful ,soeeey i megs SOMITE i "Fas Pe aa erie) WOT tie URL, a . } au piaal®-, Het. sole itkelig @ mnie GUatt Geyoirs . ated dela? bire\y Abe Let aati “gare CATAVEGIND 440 1f bmw 08) atu g tees’ “hase yet d6 ¥ine 3065 HH .caari “i Honkh hen SatAY ted) rwalean? Ki eeirotoil's s hy “ " nh BSENS Vasae) bevn .fa. he : ; ay a Bearnsesle yas: us jnott yvk 34, eldn ab lara ie By . Bt —— a ; | i an Hmat Che PERLCREIn | 4OGRA . fu at ’ tet pS GOVE. 4 WHE Lia boo dete Cebyen aney .aigourevse oes 4h let ve Bice J nye iugled mee RiGee bak yr ied hur t< a Ai Oink ots? -eprieeare. mis, AA de dekong? webees Sauce Sanion ,beriqiiuT , boos ; ing a poeta tee (deceit vk Het raOhyG card s ae oi ti gsoows .#hO Soe sense ¥ ay LASS 2) bhoowl te 1 era iy ' ans ix @aaec sliqat A : i } isa vv i lg ssyigilut .mieieawe ,sausad ; g¥aae5 Ys VN! 7 ibartiree rethey a |. (Avs Caius rl Je yloo a 02. a ; suomsoys mA aah wail iW Waanlté : ,aige4 ba% ,sxommove ,HeA satan Waste , tense to00 mugtoow? ,ai, og _sfqs bot ,qugteew? , soveghint iexay Ji si cat lesene: (ala sneraves Shee ,of23yM cot AVS | sige bok ..megieavS ry a¥br gb* oe iF eens? Vobase-sin2 BTSs | (tout wi ge xioo TE GaxeM ciiwizaD eh “* ev 4 eet plat. | 60 ~*~ =m Pat f - 5 Lon yl 28 Onde wrest Ne | ; VEGETATION TYPES AT IVY NECK AUDSDP» Conifers Cultivated Fields a ,"Maron Malinw, 06 HPO IVY NECK LEGEND (Figure 5) FOREST TYPES FOREST TYPES Hardwoods Conifers (1 to 3 only at Java Farm) (18 only at Java Farm) *4A. Chestnut Oak, White and Black Oaks, *19A. Loblolly Pine, Sweetgum (pine Hickories predominant) 4B. Chestnut Oak, White Oak, Hickories, Red 19B. Loblolly Pine, Sweetgum, Locust Maple, Beech 19C. Loblolly Pine, Virginia Pine, 4C. Chestnut Oak, Black and Scarlet Oaks, Sweetgum, Walnut Walnut CULTIVATED FIELD TYPES 4D. Chestnut Oak, White Oak, Virginia Pine 20. Pasture (5 to 7C only at Java Farm) 21. Cropland 7D. Locust, Sweetgum, Persimmon, Tuliptree, Red Maple ABANDONED FIELD TYPES 7E. Locust, Sweetgum, Walnut, Willow Oak (22 only at Java Farm) 7F. Sweetgum, Walnut, Black Oak, Red Maple *23. Goldenrod, Aster, Brambles, Poison Ivy, Honeysuckle, young hardwoods (8 to 10 only at Java Farm) (24 only at Java Farm) 11A. White Oak, Sweetgum, Locust, Red Maple 25A. Locust, Sweetgum, Cherry, Red Maple, 11B. White and Black Oaks, Sweetgum, Tulip- Sassafras, Mulberry, Elm, Persim- tree, Hickories mon, Pin Oak 11C. White and Spanish Oaks, Sweetgum, 25B. Virginia Pine, hardwoods of 25A. Tuliptree MARSH TYPES 12. Persimmcn, Locust, Cherry, Sycamore, Maples (26 only at Java Farm) 13A. Bitternut Hickory, White Oak, Persimmo *27A. Sea Myrtle, Salt Reedgrass, Salt Tuliptree Cordgrass 13B. Bitternut Hickory, White and Pin Oaks, *27B. Salt-meadow Grass, Alkali Grass River Birch *27C. Cattail, Marsh Mallow, Switchgrass 14. Tuliptree, Sweetgum, Locust, River Birch 28. Sea Rocket, False Indigo, Salt Cordgrass, Wild Bean 15. White Oak, Sycamore, Walnut, Red Maple POND TYPES 16. Willow Oak, Black and Blackjack Oaks, Locust Small Pond: Swamp Dock, Duckweed, Water Purslane 17A. Cherry, Locust, Sweetgum Large Pond: Salt Cordgrass, Horned Pond- 17B. Cherry, Locust, Black Oak, Mockernut weed, Marsh Mallow, Sea Myrtle Hickory *Occurs also at Java Farm faeries walt yllotdo.! Pe me } gagiooue ea spitiide? ‘aed bes ermbhavty anet whibiddat et ‘tay Le fit 7 S9ME oma 392% CETAV TITAS peyuteet .06 7 (anat aval. 3x vin ov ot K baalqesd . U! t ee, hn ; ~eosvsqifct (sematared ,aussogwe ia oe’ PREAYT GIATY CSHNOAABA olga a f i. - oe (iret wval za yine Sf) 4a0 wolliv ,suilal. cougrome® 2 ° ‘d wédidense Te IBR hatrebt oF ,e5% alaeM bak ~Had dvald ueiot ugisnue Pid ivov Sblsteganel cy = t (erret avet Te whe OF a2 Sinn q tiieh avel te yteo Sf) ; alqal bod deus! ,wugssew? ,Aed sary oS SSA yup yes 2 .dtausol . wes { © of oats Oh albdaiakal op rinses? | -gify? ,actgasevh .ada0 doelh bas eon 440 529 , one aelrodolh -4eg3) ae . wes Seaton woie ,alS ini gel . ) ,ougsenws (eae delnege bas es tiw seyigiin® ne fSoSxT He vA: : qenoye . yrs. .devsod- oe Karr’ hMipu.ce cinc 4 sefqat—. -) Wbae peeareheod Afke yolsry) ont . ASS" beret ~“s@ ,we® egld . ¢iessiA ‘wile mM a eee AvIC ' as ssyvaghiot 7 pra PeRARARLA ,SHo7D wokeom-Fie2 -815* | jaxad ak? bas s7kdW ~¢aodDIH vues th dotid vavis - Piebngites we Swerieh desam.itaiss2 .27S* =| | wovie ,teasod ,megiaove.597 Pyeateal Selet {292905 saz .8h id Bes: 1 Hass WL .2ee7ghx09 SlqaM beh , suntaN. 1 STOMRIYR. et ,a4e0 soatapats ‘ban “tt te ie Pfs Table I. COMPARATIVE COMPOSITION OF VEGETATION TYPES AT Java Farm FOREST TYPES HARDWOODS 1A. Beech, Tuliptree. 1B. Mature upland hardwoods on gentle west- or south-facing slopes above tributary of Muddy Creek. Canopy mainly Fagus grand- ifolia; less Liriodendron tulipi- fera, Quercus coccinea, and other hardwoods. Understory of canopy species, plus Cornus florida, Acer rubrum, etc. Shrub and ground floras include Euonymous americana, Epifagus virginiana, and Hypoxis hirsuta (none of these found in Type 1B). Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica virtually absent. Beech, Tuliptree, Oaks, Hickories. Mature upland hardwoods. Fagus grandifolia and Liriodendron tulipifera throughout canopy; Li- quidambar styraciflua, Quercus alba, Q. coccinea, Q. velutina, Carya tomentosa, and fewer Q. fal- cata and C. glabra. Composition of canopy variable. Understory of canopy species, plus Cornus florida Acer rubrum, Carpinus caroliniana, and infrequent sprouts of Castanea dentata. Shrubs include Viburnum prunifolium and infrequent Vaccini- um staminium. Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica moderately abun- dant. Rich herbaceous flora, most species not found in Type lA. Herbaceous flora seems to vary with composition of the canopy. At one point, near the head of the tidal portion of Muddy Creek, the shrub and herbaceous flora resem- bles that of Type 4A. JAVA FARM AND IVY NECK Ivy Neck FOREST TYPES HARDWOODS No counterpart. 11B. White and Black Oaks, Sweetgum, Tuliptree, Hickories. Moderately mature lowland hardwoods; canopy resembles that of Type 1B, but contains infrequent Robinia pseudoacacia and has less Fagus grandifolia. Main difference is in under- story and ground floras, which reflect poor drainage of Ivy Neck. (More Nyssa sylvatica, Viburnum prunifolium, Cercis canadensis, Lindera benzoin, Podophyllum peltatum, Arisaema atrorubens, etc.) Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica moderately abundant. (Types 11A and 11C are described on the following pages. abet wt BURY Taio AROOWOIAH yal s2FhA7IS3eMOoD oli Bmemoeee .2980 Moe !e bie 7 es heel O82 49g F ! t' sc wiv shin yYbatexst Mon eae 3%: uF. ‘ ' a Stamemae TO0G Jovi ror dairy fae : MANOS WIA v7 wep it arah) Woek vv! Save E pxdit (SILI: rer pana gut. emanation, i bas gaa. ofbey (aAibecdas v cisansabe ia base DEL bie Ali eogyT) Weailos #85 ao bad) i ve9b aA ia ls iat ms aeext eorTArangy iG wouteomdp ¥pauM To Rogan aan “igilud sdibmoborstd asel fate ty DIE Bixoguy SRG TOADIN , sag’ ,2e7TIebiot (gem (BOulWl otal ums : plenobe.ve: gisis. | Pet tviiachot .otosnsil "Shae brs enpothigy wl ~audy Visieision aa jzom ,By0l9 nvuaiearal q -é1 ogyT ab bar), Jon) etsy oF ampo8 nt08} ape eqonss giz ined 39. taed ! - Jreuoss TAs ee oret aval RNGyT seat ACOOWRAH — = aaraghtere nO aboowbted basiqn yiElost i008 to. “dnewm vystudiy syoda~ yfnitem yqsaed bos S95EIIID BUSY mad Wioda7sball.ebde ~COLT RU TON Bulg ; 38 aerate O38 » MTs (oe cau Shirt ctl ABT baie: .s AAT Higa ty ret bid} seeds Jo--enea} bom 2hs> Aine sud 6» (al eet (3 Laugyts birenEt. orsainoe | ari ke shit: Ee, iB 2} peta ae She a ait 7 ja trew aos 23143996. ¥GORE ye Aah 79% eae eine 4 niviseal sadwedZ ea , ; bse mute ; auuiio® ayks tit im | 1 . iad 18S y slanah il ae Seapets 6 : : ny 1C. Beech, Tuliptree, White Oak, Sycamore, Sweetgum. Mature lowland hardwoods, on level bank of Muddy Creek near head of tidal portion and on bottom of tributary valley down- stream. Quercus alba prominant in canopy, also Fagus grandi- folia, Liquidambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Platanus occidentalis. Under- story of Cornus florida on bank upstream; Lindera benzoin, Vi- burnum prunifolium, and V. den- tatum in tributary valley. 2. Tuliptree, Black Oak, Blackgum. Moist lowland hardwoods, on gentle north-facing slope. Canopy of Liriodendron tulipi- fera and Quercus velutina throughout; Nyssa sylvatica pri- marily on the west side, Quercus alba on the east; few Pinus vir- giniana. Transition to Type 4A. Understory of Aralia spinosa, 7a. Acer rubrum, and Prunus serotina. Ground cover of Smilax rotundi- folia. No counterpart. No counterpart. : sl 2 pene § a ae tg Puy eh a ae, NMegnyen oO . vinaiga Oe tet toate, Fis aboowl tut: has two ws ek ie resi pre ee Pa: to babtokoy SUD 3aR) SEB. vbaaulye geal’ ; anaes ‘ta seaweeds no x wet idan alg to «BY oui ety et #3 A anemic oe Java Farm 7b. Ivy Neck 4A, . White Oak, Black and Spanish Oaks, Sweetgum. Mature hardwoods, on south- west-facing slope. Canopy of Quercus alba, Q. velutina, a few very big Q. falcata, Liquid- ambar styraciflua, and Nyssa suiuat ica. Understory of Cornus florida, Carya tomentosa, and Liquidambar. Ground cover of Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica. Chestnut Oak, White and Black Oaks, Hickories. Mature hardwoods of coastal zone. Canopy of Quercus alba, Q. prinus, Q. velutina, and Carya tomentosa, with fewer Q. falcata and C. glabra. Mature Pinus virginiana usually few. Understory typically of Ilex opaca, Cornus florida, Acer rubrum, and a few Pinus virgin- iana (many young pines at Fox Point); also scattered Amelanch- ier arborea and Viburnum aceri- foliun. Ericaceous shrub layer char- acteristic: Kalmia latifolia, Gaylussacia baccata, G. frondo- sa, Vaccinium spp. Ground flora includes mosses, Hieracium venosum, & Deschampsia flexuosa. Smilax rotundifolia usually sparse; Rhus radicans and Lon- icera japonica conspicuously absent. 11C. 4A. 4B. Castanea dentata sprouts. AC. No counterpart. Resembles Type 11C on Scaffold Peninsula (described below), but the latter has a level, poorly drained habitat. White and Spanish Oaks, Sweetgum, Tuliptree. Moderately mature; canopy of Quercus alba, Q. falcata, Liquid- ambar styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Nyssa sylvatica, and a few mature Pinus virginiana. Understory chiefly Ilex opaca; fewer Juniperus virginiana, Acer rubrum, Viburnum prunifolium, and Carya cordiformis. Ground cover of dense Lonicera japonica and Rhus radicans. Very similar in composition to that at Java Farm, and occupies the same habitat: a narrow zone where the bank drops steeply to the Bay (probably a zone of improved drain- age caused by a drop in the soil water table); the finer texture of soil at Ivy Neck seems to make little difference with this type. Chestnut Oak, White Oak, Hickories, Red Maple, Beech. Differs from Type 4A in having Fagus grandifolia and Acer rubrum in the canopy, and a more hetero- geneous understory which seems tran- sitional to inland Types 11B and 11C. Understory includes Cercis canaden- sis, Sassafras albidum, Viburnum prunifolium, & & Carya arya cordiformis. Rubus spp. and Campsis radicans also. Chestnut Oak, Black and Scarlet Oaks, Walnut. Canopy and understory are more varied than in either 4A or 4B; has less Quercus prinus and almost no ericaceous shrubs. New canopy species include Q. coccinea, Juglans nigra, Liquidambar - styraciflua, Liriodendron tulipifera, Asimina triloba, etc. et eo as’ Boriete.t raters, on ee | AOL Lee Ree giyoo brs Pete hoe pee tat by on ‘eal Ser wis ten oa Sit) 7g “abe Gayoraini Pox Sai 5 iy Pee CY te oc le Cota iailad it Balu Mot arse yercvurter aawtla he Pate eit) geel iran: ’ | TLS er FIG wer rhiled tah ac) fiago t aye) eT RA. x aiva thot tim snes kheye etio® “ ‘ yar TERA ait Soneeis sohuload a peamysl) gb "Hg Sart Wes 5. Spanish and Willow Oaks, Sweet- gum, Tuliptree. Mature lowland hardwoods adja- cent Hog Island salt marsh. Canopy of Quercus falcata, Q. phellos, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Liriodendron tulipifera. Understory of Cornus florida, Liquidambar, Aralia spinosa, and Viburnum dentatum; infrequent Quercus stellata and Pinus virginiana. Seems to be invad- ing drier areas of salt marsh. 6A. Walnut, Sweetgum. Mature stand, probably persis-— tent from cultivation, on steep esst- and west-facing slopes of ridge. Canopy of Juglans nigra only on east side; with Pyrus communis, Liquidambar styraci- flua, and Sassafras albidum on west side. Understory of Lindera benzoin on east slope, Rubus on west. Dense Lonicera japonica on both sides. 6B. Walnut, Sweetgum, Spanish Oak, Beech. Moderately mature, at top of south-facing slope. Canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Juglans nigra, Quercus falcata, Fagus grandifolia, and Platanus occi- dentalis. Understory of Lindera benzoin and Cornus florida. Lonicera japonica on ground. 4D. Chestnut Oak, White Oak, Virginia Pine. Differs from 4A in having in- frequent Pinus virginiana in canopy. Hardwoods formerly lumbered. Pine abundant in understory, with Acer rubrum and Liquidambar styraciflua. Ilex opaca and ericaceous shrubs infrequent. No counterpart. No counterpart. Walnut grows infrequently along both sides of Cheston Creek estuary, in Types 4C, 7E, 7F, and 19C, and on upper Scaffold Creek estuary in Type 15, but not abundantly enough to characterize a stand. No counterpart. Oo wad. UW bee te ey ior rape © pe cecien as a secre AA win ND! Cam ESS 0 a, + iS eos Lie etianh ,zedqnt eh (mage Nala Um Laitis gigtisis Soa or. & eR sh Mee Bc , sitar gh a Qe beable naod anbhewtse aay Li : rau yldedaty yboete Mee ‘aenyl Wy GVARUs es Hest) colasri qaodn (2 dobssvigieo were apaqy. ge hime CET poe: AN ga) | asgole, gatos t~taow bas Ramee? ak rede: Seat blot | sin anadaal be xfoasa A ate Se Havers visiebtyds ac ous { BL ey! Bie TEL RK ‘bande Ss Seis: 4 ipevekiald Te cone ‘AO 7A. 7B. Ge 7d. Java Farm Locust, Sweetgum, Elm. Immature, on south- and southeast-facing slopes over- looking Fox Creek estuary. Can- opy of Robinia pseudoacacia, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Ulmus americana; fewer Sassafras albidum and Quercus velutina, the latter mostly on the lower slopes. Understory of canopy species. Dense ground cover of Lonicera japonica. Also contains scattered Acer rubrum and Cornus florida. Locust, Black Oak, Sweetgum, Red Maple, Sassafras. Immature, on south-facing slope near head of Fox Creek es- tuary. Canopy of Robinia pseu- doacacia and Liquidambar | styra- ciflua, with fewer Quercus vel- utina, Acer rubrum, Cornus florida, and Sassafras albidum. Understory of canopy species, plus Ulmus americana. Ground cover of Lonicera japonica and Rhus radicans. Locust, Sweetgum, Tuliptree, Sycamore. Moderately mature, along the shore of Muddy Creek estuary. Canopy chiefly Robinia pseudo- acacia, especially near Hog Island salt marsh; also includes Ligquidambar styraciflua, Cornus florida, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Platanus occidentalis near the eastern end. Understory of canopy species. Ground layer of Rhus radicans, Smilax rotund- ifolia, and Lonicera japonica. 7D. 7E. Ivy Neck Types 7D, 7E, and 7F at Ivy Neck Neck resemble Types 7A and 7B at Java Farm in species composition. Chief difference is in the habitat: from moderately steep south-facing slope and fine sandy loam soil at Java Farm to poorly drained level lowland and silt loam soil at Ivy Neck. Locust, Sweetgum, Persimmon, Tulip- tree, Red Maple. Immature, covers watershed of east fork of Scaffold Creek. Canopy seems to contain no Quercus velutina but does include Diospyros virginiana, Nyssa sylvatica, and Platanus occi- dentalis. Otherwise the same as at Java Farm (Robinia, Liquidambar, Ulmus). Understory highly variable, in- cludes Sassafras albidum, Cornus florida, Lindera benzoin, Viburnum prunifolium, Acer rubrum, and Carya cordiformis. Shrub and ground layers of Rubus spp., Rhus radicans, and Lonicera japonica. Type 11A, described on the next page, seems to be a transition be- tween 7D above and 11B (described on p. 7). Locust, Sweetgum, Walnut, Willow Oak. Immature, covers west bank of Cheston Creek estuary north of Type 4B. Resembles Type 7F (p. 8a.) and differs from other variations of Type 7 in having Juglans nigra in the canopy. Canopy of Robinia pseudoacacia, Liquidambar styraciflua, Juglans nigra, and Quercus phellos. Understory of Robinia pseudoacacia, Cornus florida, and Sassafras albidum. Ground layer Lonicera japonica and Smilax rotund- ifolium. UN meas alt “ mtighaane r) oor das bos cmos ne Se aes ae ee ae ren aE aaggee ykioei-285 Be ak ar ‘points? ts ) | eranias: teen aes ges . Te Yee enon fs oephuaes Siandes & tiogty : rer” ad SH2gou0 has sisitianin aiken ipaiaaainetaparieeta dik eewk : ; ; VFO aS batt eee Bag Sete : Bp hiya? nee eat ra Syed Eats : pee ee ee Bs pRomeo EAT Bune, oe Bord 6h “year ae > 31D, tHies a ed Hevas anes» a sd bt ene: edt ivach) A Die. Bor! iO MOLLE auntie’ om Sa died ses 2157 seduce | : : % i: 2 dat0n tedden cote’ | ed@ anofe etude wisgutoper Be, ae TA eq9s ‘ealvingds © : .y7gurtas dsaqd ybbut te oa 30) mneb isi Hey Tan Jn aie rat} kb obser eiocdoay pits sie ain bap i gekead are \ Sarl | go teen yli pioeges wes Si | asodloat gaia sgayey oe Re eee. BuO): in 8A. 8B. 8a. No counterpart. 7F. Sweetgum, Walnut, Black Oak, Maple. Immature, adjoins Type 7E. Can- opy has little or no Robinia, added Quercus velutina, Salix nigra, Acer rubrum, and Platanus occidentalis. Understory of Viburnum prunifoliun, Prunus serotina, and Cercis cana- densis. Ground layer as in Type /E. No counterpart. 11A. White Oak, Sweetgum, Locust Red Maple. Immature, apparently a transi- tion between Types 7D and 11B. Canopy of Quercus alba, Liquidam- bar styraciflua, Nyssa sylvatica, Acer rubrum, and Carya spp.; Robinia pseudoacacia becomes infre- quent southward; Ulmus americana infrequent. Understory varied, includes Rhus typhina, Ailanthus altissima, Co Cornus florida, White Ash, Sycamore. Viburnum prunifolium, Morus alba, Moderately mature, follows Cercis canadensis, etc. . Ground bottom of Muddy Creek valley above cover of Lonicera japonica and tidal limit. Canopy mostly Rhus radicans. Fraxinus americana, fewer Platanus occidentalis, few species 12. Persimmon, Locust, Cherry, Syca- of Type 8B below. Understory of more, Maples. Lindera benzoin, with few Acer Moderately mature, follows rubrum, Fraxinus, Liquidambar, drainage of Cheston Creek above Ulmus americana, and Carpinus car- | tidal limit. Persimmon and cherry oliniana. Ground layer of Rubus | may be cultivated. Understory in- spp-, Vitis spp., and Rhus radicans hibited by browsing cattle. Herbaceous flora mostly Impatiens Canopy of Diospyros virginiana, capensis, Podophyllum peltatun, and Robinia pseudoacacia, Prunus sero- assorted grasses. tina, Platanus occidentalis, Acer rubrum, A. saccharinum, A. negundo, White Ash, Sycamore, Red Maple, Ligquidambar styraciflua, Nyssa syl- Elm, Sweetgum. vatica. Understoyy of Viburnum Similar to Type 8A but farther runifolium, Salix nigra, Cercis upstream. More heterogeneous canadensis, Celtis occidentalis. canopy includes Acer rubrum, Ground layer chiefly grass, or Ulmus americana, Liquidambar forbs in wet areas. styraciflua, and Quercus palustris. Understory as in Type 8A, with more Ulmus americana and Carpinus caroliniana. Ground layer same. 0 AAO CET BEEN EIST panes tage parte ot eee Tees Bide y oble ib yh ayn pm OP ee Ae Aah Ph lpg vrs 10. Qo Java Farm Tuliptree, Sweetgum, Red Maple, Sassafras. Immature, covers north- and west-facing slopes of hill over- looking wet meadow. Canopy of Liriodendron tulipifera, Liqui- dambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, and Sassafras albidum. Understory similar, plus Ilex opaca, Prunus serotina, Nyssa sylvatica, Cornus florida, Viburnum prunifolium. Ground layer of Lonicera japonica. Dogwood, Sweetgum, Red Maple, Sassafras. Immature, covers east-facing slope at head of Fox Creek estu- ary; merges with Virginia pine stand (Type 18A) on upper slope. Canopy of Cornus florida, Acer rubrum, Sassafras albidum, Li- quidambar styraciflua, Pinus vir- Ground layer of Smilax rotundi- folia, stopping sharply at edge of pine canopy. No counterpart. giniana, few Fagus grandifolia and Morus rubra. Understory similar. 8b; No counterpart. No counterpart. 13A. Bitternut Hickory, White Oak, Persimmon, Tuliptree. Moderately mature but canopy thin. Lower valley of Scaffold Creek (east fork) above tidal limit. Canopy of Carya cordiformis, fewer Quercus alba, Platanus occidentalis, Diospyros virginiana, and Liriodendron tulipifera. Understory thin, of Morus rubra, Juglans nigra, Ulmus rubra, Quercus palustris, etc. Shrub and ground layers very dense, of Rubus spp., Smilax rotundifolia, and Lonicera japonica. -Sldet bed ee ~yavo Lhid te asgale gntsr Yo Kgorsd RD vetmaes = ~ ie pit 1S giies ix A BUSOU 3S “gulttaexude yrotersbi’ BEL. oat sumerd «5 2599 % Ly aul vi auayoo ectieulze Beeuy | vk fo bmg gnitny ad |, Rasokaod je 1 men =. | 7 { | Son ~divon: axaves { { eRe etzica ds") ou Laem ber nial . bos sp7?sesel ationi“seed sxevop eee yc: 25° 48670 xoa to beed te ; play BrAberEy cdatw éaprsm | saola “ade? foCAGL edyty bree sso ;ebi bia AVI eoy-. tisswiad PS Ye years §«. fel3 Sewet . fu omy brs .aaginiatty «5 _ a8 oA 86 Prose sshy) xely ekurro}t b405 aHaieue god gavive Java Farm CULTIVATED FIELD TYPES 20. Pasture. Single pasture, grazed by dairy herd. Gentle south-facing slope, bordered on 3 sides by Cheston Creek drainage. Flora of Andropogon virginicus, Digitaria ischaemun, Trifolium repens, Taraxacum off- icinale, other forbs. No counterpart. No counterpart. 21. Cropland. Cultivated to corn, barley, wheat, and sorghum. Wild flora mostly Ipomoea purpurea, I. hederacea; also (vernal): Stellaria media, Draba verna, Lepidium spp., Barbarea spp., Cerastium spp., etc. and (autumnal) Aster spp.3; restricted or infre- quent species: Datura stramoniun, Echinochloa pungens; Setaria lutescens often abundant near borders. One field on Scaffold Peninsula, described in text as "abandoned wheatfield" (since recultivated) was fallow 3 yrs. (1963-66); 60 species were found there in 1966, especially Oenothera biennis, O. fruticosa, Gnaphalium obtusifoliun, Cerastium viscosum, Dianthus armer- ia, Hypericum perforatum, Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Locally dense Trifolium pratense and T. hybridum. Woody species found under forbs: Campsis radicans dense; Quercus velutina, Prunus serotina, and Vitis sp. few. erat e: no, bewebzod be ib agent arb muniutas ty Ot mat ioyhat saito ,afentot ae) bowiqny aes sbi jared oa bexeyLamUd “titan RIGLS BIW .cudgroe bas ‘E seequoxen ssoeogt 2 a. me atsgilese : (anise) ga genacaes «1998 hot ge.t hwn/2:.6) 6928 ,.Gqe seus teers) . espa is? fo beoottyee7 ;.a02 2 \ swiet ‘wateaqe gaeup eS 1oeogng gol tponidos NE re FRebnude #6330 anegegsi! os siebiea sity Bhar tso2 an bistt ent Rembbanta” wn f! Ju) .pusoaely pulteex9 aot jotrad muoizeavs 1 si Peemen witecot = .stioitis\os2is ; . ee bree sensiers mulicitst tees se bao) eeloaqa yhoo Re teesed spbothey aiagun) S ABARNONRO 22s. Bacsutey .wey ar gigi’ 9d. FORMERLY CULTIVATED FIELD TYPES 22A. Reed Canary Grass. 22B. 23). Former pasture in valley north of headquarters area, marshy at the west end, drains into Muddy Creek. Very dense Phalaris arundinacea throughout; Juncus effusus, Scirpus rubri- cosus, Polygonum pensylvanicum and P. sagittatum at marshy end; few clumps of young Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Rosa spp. Invasion from outside slow. Kentucky Bluegrass. Small areas of dense Poa pratensis turf in former cul- tivated fields, being overrun by Rhus radicans. Associated forbs: Gnaphalium obtusifoliun, Erigeron canadensis, Asclepias syriaca, Solanum carolinénse, Cirsium discolor. Goldenrod, Aster, Brambles, Poison Ivy, Honeysuckle, scattered young hardwoods. Very heterogeneous vegetation throughout most former cultivat- ed fields. Forbs often more abundant than woody vines but often less so. Principal forbs: Solidago altissima, S. gramini- folia, Aster pilosus, A. dumosus, Eupatorium serotinum, Rubus occidentalis, Lespedeza cuneata, Rosa micrantha, R. multiflora, Allium vineale. Early spring forbs: Barbarea spp., Draba verna, Lepidium spp., etc. Principal vines: Rhus radicans, Lonicera japonica, Campsis rad- icans, Vitis vulpina. Many less frequent species. Trees scatter- ed or locally denses see Type 24A. 23 FORMERLY CULTIVATED FIELD TYPES No counterpart. (When the field described above was aban- doned, its north end adjacent Cheston Creek drainage had marshy species like that of western part of Type 22A.) No counterpart. - Goldenrod, Aster, Brambles, Poison Ivy, Honeysuckle, scattered young hardwoods. Similar to that at Java Farm but with fewer vines, more grass and forbs. Merges with Types 25A, 25B. Grasses include Setaria lutescens, Andropogon virginicus. oreagematgeeamei blak? ae starr 16 | Geez? nore ented , bas tease ont te Xe gedd Otl aetosce sarab wie seers xbbul eae aay. to jjuedguomds ss5setboutg Heavies = “Eady auyiise , aveutt CCN auotney Lyenag mmupogylod Be Rea yieran 35 musis33 tages ag9A gruoy te agmuts wee ,BULTToszyIe yadmpb kup id vet g REE mort norseyal = re ee Iyaq7eIaves oi .seateoola ‘pioustiol « a | sot sexed 16, assye 1ismg ‘i aa : Tuy yaurat Abts ale a ts ; nutreve gis, ohiak’ ; botsves e a ee batetoorsaA Bast bet gtd 4: a os ‘ mut Lo opt snrde mast ‘Ebartqgare sedt0? -, 7 : apiqotorA ak ape bates es noxsalaay j , senent Lowes mK LOS eer fs 7 ori) othe walosetty 3 sued § : ' (psldmexi .xedeA bornablodes .oitovevehon ,yvl noskoty o -aboowbtnd gauoy 5935978982 were ote avosaegose3 sad yrsy, = : toviaiva soermi decay juodguomda | > Wyeeldwash .1ss6k ,bounsbico sGlsoHayanOH ,yVI fowi0" y@booubs ail gauoy betesse76 Oy eee BVSE Se tad oF ref lwte BABS OF0% ,eenty seve) mitw sud ROqYT gaiw bogiaM. .sdv01 bas Sbulodt seseex) .82S , Acs W\Gopogorbes, .sgssee dus elzese’. : sauoiniagtty rom nojto edict .sbiski ke ud asaty vboow med tesbauday si feqtomi+d .oe aesl asgaae -ind tony" .f ,petoeiils o abt Lor 20 VA ‘aueolig 3998A msieh st cy euaormb aucun suntioree ih ve muh tods fi8Snu> asebocesd ails inews Sr Lin A porary anixqea yvi«ed iva 86030 . 90e gorad ae tad coaieae Fl Fe og om ee o 4 hi 10a. Java Farm 24A. Sweetgum, Cherry, Red Maple, Pin} 25A. Locust, Sweetgum, Cherry, Red Oak, Elm, Sassafras, Persimmon, Dogwood, Tuliptre Hornbeam. Very dense young stands, of- ten predominantly Liquidambar styraciflua but often hetero- geneous. Covers parts of old fields and usually merges with Type 23. Principal species: Maple, Sassafras, Mulberry, Elm, Persimmon, Pin Oak. Corresponds to Type 24A but has Robinia pseudoacacia usually abundant; Liriodendron, Carpinus, Ulmus rubra, and Celtis in- frequent to absent. Special cases: Liquidambar, Prunus serotina, Acer rubrum, Quercus falcata, Sassafras albidum, Cornus flor- Stand at head of Scaffold Creek drainage includes Nyssa sylvatica, Platanus occidentalis, Carya cord- 24B. ida. Less frequent: Lirioden- dron tulipifera (central upland), Diospyros virginiana (lowland), Ulmus americana, U. rubra (near pier), Carpinus caroliniana (forest border), Celtis occiden- talis (all over). Understory usually none. Ground layer of dense Lonicera japonica and Rhus radicans in all stands. Special cases: South-facing slope at north border (adjacent Type 22A) is an old orchard; canopy of Liquidambar, Liriodendron, and Pyrus malus. Understory of Rubus spp. West-facing slope down to Muddy Creek near head of tidal portion has very dense Carpinus canopy; so does stand at end of Springhouse Road. Virginia Pine predominant. Dense young stands of Pinus virginiana. Two occur on sum- mit and west-facing slope of ridge west of headquarters area, one in old field on northeast- facing slope near Fox Point Rd. Few Liquidambar in stands, no understory; ground cover of Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica. Pine also infrequent in Type MEIC iformis, and shrubs Viburnum prunifolium and Sambucus cana- densis. Stand on Cheston Peninsula below Type 21 includes dense understory of Myrica cerifera. Hedgerows between cultivated fields usually contain Celtis occidentalis, Liquidambar styra- ciflua, Maclura pomifera, Acer rubrum, or Viburnum prunifolium; also Campsis radicans. No counterpart. ¢ 52 ahsogas?309 giana piaidos. =a piaebhuds : tosade 03 iSups's +t 1enans Ietsag2 . des Biot ase $o baad, te base eshulont spantsxb Se rmmos Bye? ,ailercebtooo avasze(® i) MUBBUGEY aducite, bor .atorol! pee, RAR sanieae bra mublootauss +Ekegob slean lint notes), mo byase i i ye waned esiwlont LS sqyT wols: a warenares, aatzvii to yrodexsbay 4 Bedavigive meewiad aworaghsl ’ 7 i tao gigsaes yifeusy abisi} ; > du td 1 & iiniasbto50 . yee yame toss | ee rT “yeultie Re PEMoRagG owoxessY 10 .euadirs aa Masother singed cols ,teaqzusinues of aes ott sslgell bon pedis jougt na ny Mind $2 + ePSTIGRAES alll; Pos loaysqttut eboowgod SOMERS “fo ,pbaeie. gavay saneb vasv) = xedkebiup il vionentine! it ~o7edad netie tud sul big to etis¢ BIS¥od set | dilkw aogvem. vilaveu- bas ab | _ tashosqe Isqioaks4 » ath s ; ealiowe guaus8 -cedgebtaphh e E elazist euoresD \ midis, ako Gore {3 gusrxoo saubidis ae : aabot whl f. he ears “1. 689d) “4 | (baslqu Tettms9) ) stetigi iy goth, Zi | ,(bnaiwol) snebabaa BOTY tesm) seduy . soltems meee ngetabloig> sesiqaat cer { j-nsbinoo atifis) ,(iebred Jasiia? "sosazebal, .(1sv0: Lin), apiece to ysysf bavesS .aa0n-yilsueu bars. soidogal sreotnod satan. | ~abasi@ (le ct eosotbsx sui :e8ean0 tet 93ge_ s scole agkosi-ttuec at (ASS eqyl isasce tbs) rabréd™ ta yoonmss pbsadord bio ae bas mozbasborsis | A aBEE to yrodeteball Aube 8 sung age ec i os. tvob svola gnivel> ine. bid to beod ses #567) ebbultl Sur inka seash yrov gal folsaagiy Re bre 38 bnate adob om, PeqomEay -beott sevotaalsae teemkmobatq. salt sk aunt? 20 ebneze savey ‘wend gue oo susco owl sang tera to aqole gaisah—desw ATE CX9IFE we 10b. 24C. Virginia Pine, hardwoods of 24A. Simultaneous growth of young Pinus virginiana and Liquidambar styraciflua in old fields. Stand overlooking head of Fox Creek estuary also has Robinia pseudoacacia, Quercus palustris, Cornus florida, and Sassafras albidum. Stand at west end of field overlooking Muddy Creek at southwest corner of Farm has Liriodendron tulipifera and Aralia spinosa. Ground cover of Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica. 25B. Virginia Pine, hardwoods of 25A. Infrequent occurrence of Pinus virginiana throughout young hard- wood canopies between forks of Scaffold Creek estuary and on Cheston Peninsula between pine stand and cultivated fields. Ground cover of Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica. MARSH TYPES MARSH TYPES Freshwater Marsh 26A. Grass, Rose, Black Willow. Freshwater portion of marsh at mouth of Fox Creek drainage, separated from salt marsh by hedge of Rosa palustris and Smi- lax rotundifolia. Assorted grasses, scattered Salix nigra, clumps of Rosa palustris, Impat- iens capensis, and Scirpus spp. No freshwater marshes occur at Ivy Neck. 26B. Hempweed, Touch-me-not, Black Willow. Two sites: marshy streambed at western border of Farm and at base of Fox Point peninsula adjoining Fox Creek estuary. Both sites have dense Impatiens capensis and Mikania scandens, and scattered Salix nigra and Smilax rotundifolia. Scutellaria lateriflora and Rosa spp. grow at the first site, Sambucus canadensis at the second. aah pbsibwett -gasupsxias -aundguoits. Enskoiaxiv - seduabivond bas | : HSSWI9S gatgonss boow - sablott bio mabe : .j3ee70 blotiasd xOF to. haed gatsteol Sue “bas3 a sewed efveniaet mogjead) ginko asd osle- yreusae ia .abist? betaviniva bre piajeuledg ' BUOESUD «RIOR a ‘Bagalbes ByAt 20 xeveo bavoxd gezisees?® bine -sbkxol> LS Peat po bnoge f szsatnol J bas 10 bare ere 3B besa: 3b WY BanaM BatyT HoAAM oe i ; five sot sgwies tt : : 4UD496 eateran ~ojawilassi ov wol i tw 4 OB fa .se04 eased Ape wl 36 fetam to folkdxoq: yesswdesst ie ,Sgatlexrb dsesx1D xot do davon 38:2 “hme brn akydep 18s 5eo io sabad : ed fassa tiga mort bsterages boszoseh slioitbhnayjoy i, Sais xitse bayes3ace7 ree ; : _) ~dagat .eivjeuleq peok to eqaula-— | ae saanted bas em ) doald Serratia _beswamel dl : wool ley. bedmsaitta yiexsar :esike ow? Js bos axed io rshted onegesw eae) i alueatasq astel xoT 20 seed ‘Vis0das my = ‘BE Java Farm Oe Ivy Neck 27A. 27B. DiGre Salt Marsh Sea Myrtle, Salt Reedgrass, Salt Cordgrass. Covers the wettest and appar- ently most saline marsh areas and follows tide channels into apparently less saline areas. Chiefly Baccharis halimifolia, Spartina cynosuroides, S. alter- niflora; less abundant species: Iva frutescens, Aster subulatus, A. tenuifolius, Limonium carolin- ianum, Phragmites communis. Slat-meadow Grass, Alkali Grass. Covers more sheltered, inland areas of large marshes; often absent from smaller ones. Chief- ly Spartina patens, Distichlis spicata; less abundant species: Solidago sempervirens, Eleochar- is halophila. Cattail, Marsh Mallow, Switch- grass. Occurs at landward margins of marshes or throughout less saline ones. Chiefly Typha latifolia, T. angustifolia, Hibiscus palus- tris, Kosteletzkya virginica, Panicum virgatum; less abundant species: Acnida cannabina, Pluchea camphorata. Tidal portion of Muddy Creek has gradient of decreasing salinity. Species there not cited above: Scirpus americanus, S. robustus (Hog I. Marsh); Atriplex patula, Dryopteris thelypteris (with Typha), Polygo- num hydropiperoides, Asclepias incarnata, and Mikania scandens (at upstream end). 27A. Salt Marsh and Beach Sea Myrtle, Salt Reedgrass, Salt Cordgrass. Same as at Java Farm; Spartina cynosuroides infrequent, only at edge of water. Salt-meadow Grass, Alkali Grass. Same as at Java Farm but areas often too small to map. Cattail, Marsh Mallow, Switch- grass. Same as at Java Farm, but areas often too small to map. Salt marsh at head of Cheston Creek estuary has several species cited for tidal Muddy Creek. Trees occasionally found in salt marshes include Diospyros virginiana and Juniperus virginiana at several locations, Robinia pseudoacacia at Sand Point, Quercus falcata and Q. phellos at Hog Island marsh, and Salix nigra at head of Fox Creek. The last three species occur near the dry land border. ae cisumaas’ abks gery: .2a9%% Solise ens ‘tlie - piiotimifed, etpenoos =~r9iig +=) psebiowieotys s } Testaeqe josbmude Seas M | eutas ese reteh ouageeduagy ~nkiore3 ny hiro yet he (a Lersinto >: 293 Lomasad i sweat) Liadls _aner® wobssa-J foe AVS aanro’ PLeALA bead wobssaiieae * ewee7e $00 x87 rons Se pe oaee | bheeind ‘boaedtene arom stsvoo ® “yar O23 ilames cod neat aadio_,eoderem eniel ta: enue 4 . -pa ti cso yollame moyt insedk a a elidotialS .ggaas¢ BS satiregg wd esiloaqa “Jrsbauds vaol (2 -yefooplt ,susxivrsgms: & SL tigo tad . ~dotiw2 ,wollet das alk fhe 26 } : enna to entexram brewbasl, 2s e2yoos enifae sack auetguords yo eaieremy sbtoiljst sdget i i To viieet wp aend § ,aaseye fsnext. bas Yelgnd sdt-o3 yotbr0096 bagcnties | : sg bebt vor Psp eyow Leloitisrs ssiseqe sao asds stom yd beinsegtqex Be - a : = ave : ; 7 5 : ; Ff onsen Sh05 G2 xGilmta wici & tt Gy J98 Sts evod eft to ynem dgvons LA ¥ Hineel waved aig ,(0Cei blawist) aotsibe d35 yyasI08 to LeuneM a! ye a4 ‘ ., een weds oonie a blestal ssos svi egsiK week 3x5 tatiaoonis eidd 308) . ~~ bas 199099 of3 Yo erolt' add of bsaaksiee = th) \ nesd and qeolonteis2 od} sokstbbs = At ,¢iinioty cs9n, ati P ein ed3 30. em00 at Sea bol tiigoie boetvey os4d aed someupoe odd eyed ae t@mame Taso Yo sacds woxd bosgqebe nead avert eetiine! sexda of eyed sft doigW aes eromialab-cosgaiseaW ona 101 beLiqnes eatbuse simonex ) wakibes? peais owett «(dCs , anesyoH) vaniod foheueah yan “a i baer een 7 ie ada psa = 12D). ambi oF = 7" ) ti . lla. keys were modified to exclude species having a strictly Piedmont distribution and those restricted to habitats which do not occur at the Chesapeake Bay Center. Entirely new keys were prepared for some of the more complex taxa which have limited representation at the Center. There are two reasons for any similarities present between keys in the literature cited above and keys in the checklist. First, the dependability of the characters in the keys in the literature. Second, the need of a framework to facilitate the anticipated periodic revision of the keys as additional species are collected. Such revisions will be accomplished more readily if the organization of the checklist keys is designed to allow for them. Therefore, when a couplet in one of the keys in the literature separates a genus or species which has in fact been collected at the Center from one not yet discovered there but expected to occur in the vicinity, both halves of the couplet are included in the checklist key but the word "expected" follows the unused half and the taxa to which it refers are named in parentheses. This practice appears justifiable in view of the continued investigations to be conducted at the Center and the rich and fluctuating flora of the surrounding county, described by Stieber (1967). Stieber notes a great intermingling of northern, southern, and introduced species, the whole assembly subjected to wide- spread human disturbance. From field collections west of the Chesapeake Bay Center and an examination of the District of Columbia and Vicinity collection in the U. S. National Herbarium, Stieber has compiled a checklist of 647 vascular species for the county. His list cites 316 ob asta eons ot besateseas ovods be ao Wa i Seen rey ayo veo veut s793000 vel a scent owt asowsnd dnaeexg estitsalimte yin #02 ‘snogeet ows exes oe 4S Be AT ee avant sfaibiosdo: of3 oi ayod bar aieda patio wceonranle ofa is cone Fatndero92 ait ak eyed oda at 7s inact ant to iaatadeba nubelves aibalxsq baseq! otjas add eisdtitcnt of srowsmn) 8 a6 bien oda, betoal{on sme eokoey2 rennenhe as een ofa ye thw atolaives a eyed salticars ed3 30 notiskinesto sd3 24 vyitbssy sxom panei tanooas. a madd 10t wolls of neagtesd | La | 5 — Sugesertt sft at aysd o43 Yo sno af seiquos & fudw stale sit { Abirw estosqs to euneg & soJstagae =: ~< wie t# betselina need Joni mt Gai "ane Qi 30350 03 bedoeges suc ert bexysvooalb Jey gon S06 mort 30308 Yee Jed ftoor!s ois wi bebulonat sis telques ond 10 a9aviss sod crataky Watdw oS axed ef? bee iiad beavav edi ewollot i= "betoagze"” Brow Sit aud a Demteatatiaut evesque solioer¢q eiaT ,esaansu9isg 0 bamau sis areie® sb Weahad etid ts bosoubnoes 66 a} eroivssiiseves tines sit Fo oleae Dedivaneh ,ysnves gelbcvotiws ed? to esol? gatisusoult bas dott sig ne 2. “a {8G01) radekyg ww smaenszon jo arilgetotesin’ tascg & asson iodelee _) aehie oF bedoetdus yidawess alody ad? ,selsesqe besnbortal bas .xergu0R @eaaquass o3 lo Insv esotsseifos blalt sort ails coma § = : —_* bas sidetiic? jo Joirtai€ ez to acl toatmsxs a8 bas re2ns | . tytn ae ‘s bofiqao> wal 29d6138 sutsedxefl Leuok3ait .2 .i snd at c iL F] ee a Ate nests sets ot ae a a ie ey 125. species not yet discovered at the Chesapeake Bay Center; the writer has collected at the Center 209 species which are not included on Stieber's list for the county. This complementary collection rein- forces Stieber's observation on the need for further systematic floristic study of the region, and supports the writer's provision for the inclusion of additional taxa in the keys of the present list. To prevent the checklist keys from becoming topheavy with "expected" taxa, the writer has used the following criteria in selecting them: abe They must be named as established in F. J. Hermann's A Checklist of Plants in the Washington-Baltimore Area, 2nd. edition (Hermann, 1946). Dis They must be described in the available literature as having a distribution which includes the Maryland Coastal Plain, and must not be restricted to swamps or other habitats which do not occur at the Center. Be They must not be too numerous to keep the keys relatively simple and short. This system of including "expected" taxa in the keys has already facilitated the identification of several species listed in Appendix I. Further research at the Center may reveal other taxa not yet listed as "expected.'"' The identification of new taxa may be confirmed by the use of Gray's Manual. Nomenclature The nomenclature of the checklist follows that of Gray's Manual of Botany, 8th edition, except in the family Gramineae; there, : (et were ody “Re eax ofa mt beer Lanotithbs Jo nofeutant ose adie eedqod galmossd mor ays Jetiaooers afi. Iasvetg 3 - Cia hcaigicats: a boetideics ea baman sc tA ont UB Saevk waomtaled-iosgetdesW sda nt avait Qo sexixosAd . (ber eceinnTeny motsbbe bh aybsorsdti sldslteve edt at bedbrse5b 4q~Jeum yen qatar’ Endeou? bontereM ats esbulont siskdv notdudivietb e anivad Wat esusidnd xeiso to eqmawe 03 besolidees sd Jom Joum bas .ye9na0 sda Jn twuwoo0 Jon oh Minwieale+ eye! ori qsod 09 ewotsmua not od Jon Jeum ystt NE qiode bas sigqnie iv WoeSTiA ehh Bys4 S03 nt sxal “haisaqxs"™ snibulont to mstdeye etar Xr SthaegGa wt beleil adioage Lezavee to coi teat tiaasht ais boss tthoae Ser Reeee!, 984 You exert vetio Laovst yeu Tstasc ed? Ja dorasest wale : ant wd Mentiines sd vac axot ver to colisoltignsbs edt .fbunséM a neato puvselonsmol Ltimcaet oF 080 R0) Sods evolio? jailioads sft %o venient iy log meant Geos as it iLS}e Gilman (1957) follows the nomenclature of A. S. Hitchcock's Manual of the Grasses of the United States. Whenever the nomenclature used conflicts with that of The New Britton and Brown Illustrated Flora (Gleason, 1952), the names from the latter are given in parentheses. Common names of species given by Gray's Manual are placed opposite the scientific names. Additional common names used by residents of the vicinity of the Chesapeake Bay Center are distinguished by the letter "(L)," for "local," or are listed separately in Appendix III. Annotations The ecological annotation which accompanies each species has five categories: the general location (Java Farm or Ivy Neck), the estimated abundance of the species, its exact collection site or specific habitat, the dominant or canopy species of the collection site, and some of the associate species observed in the same location and stratum. The estimated abundance of an entry indicates the ease or redis-— covering that species in the field; the four categories are: Abundant (plentiful throughout the habitat) Moderately abundant (evenly distributed but not plentiful) Infrequent (thinly scattered) One station (a single plant or very small, compact group) The last category is preferred to "Rare" or "Local" because the Center has not yet been studied in sufficient detail to permit a safe assumption concerning the restriction of distribution of species. Additional annotation data are being sought and are listed in Appendix II. When the checklist is revised a more precise evaluation will be made. edeseautt a8 ere miadese wat oat 46 Sony ithe 10) Se Ht Mavie Bie Poddat.sd3 wor! vouce odd Che seer: «not Uptown hasalq’ Ste facet e*vexd yd sanky astasqe ea esaen a va me we te ‘to eyasbven? d Heeu samen irumyos IeqolsrbhA~ .apmen 9it4 sastoe oie r ey , SS Ge ; Bae! D-atso1. ads ud bade fugit el! 456 Yat) va GX RSeeRG and sit 10 3 Leesa as Pee Siig N nt viesarsqse bstalt-eta 10", fa90l” Ovi? ‘hur waiseqa tous setraawenss doliw solsasornce LaD2801 058 sat ee feeeaeee attipate 1 atie rolsoaiioa Jnaxs saloage sua to sonobauds 4 e192 (6 amos bos Ya nolzgoelle» sda as "YT. ‘Hino 3 Isucrtorsh. abd io wae Bevenoaem Ot) , (45S wyl ro mtay avel) oorsaool eg 3128 Ol 195i ORR IRS , euseyie bie : SG gke ant A w7sec } q2 sw eloosees aur t - : rn ‘ : 7” 4¢ rye - . 4 . me, Orel ioe: 2H sans 4:15 xadecloe ¥ 6 is ' f faulgs . 67h eolioysts lei7 oid of aglseew Jans gabvaves es a - Cteramele Jom Jel bedud Eih vines). ireinietn vintetehot a (haye2jJece vlabni>) saaiuperiat i Sepa Zobqno> , flere yrav te 327Alq olyate &) noise ea Dr j i | we x3 » “ & r4 ‘ i ahd spunced esq ak yrogessy jaeLl off - meee Simseq oF [feieb Jnololiive ck botbuis mesa joy joe eed 193092" = 26 mobsudizyetb to actisiazstess sdz gol ia eobag eee 3° 207 + seca: gil | Bh bedatt exe boo aiigucs acted +xn ysah nek zeae yw a4 Po Avi Wed Liiv actynulevs eetoozq S200 & heave? sf 14. The specific location of a species is described in relation to existing landmarks and to the numbered grid now being constructed for the entire Center (see Figures 6 and 7). The units of the grid are in hectares (a hectare equals 2.471 acres or 10,000 square meters). The hectare was chosen to facilitate the future establishment of sample plots, since it can easily be broken down into smaller metric units. Once the location of a species is established the oe may check the soil and vegetation maps (Figures 2 to 5) for additional details. The remaining annotation data summarize the vegetation of the collecting sites. The dominant species are listed when these are apparant. Also listed are "associate species" collected or observed at the same location and in the same stratum. Further investigation of the coincidence of these associate species should lead to more reliable correlations among them and with their habitats. Additional details of the vegetation may be obtained from Figures 4 and 5 and from Table I. The specimen collection numbers of each species follow its annotation. All specimens collected by the writer are preserved in the U. S. National Herbarium, Washington, D. C. Duplicate specimens will be filed at the Chesapeake Bay Center. A few additional specimens collected by Dr. H. David Hammond are kept in the Howard University Herbarium, Washington, D. C. ae agisut 9d s283iLhost ‘ot asdorts aay aiads spain: ‘obrs90 golleme o35% swob. aelgid od yitess iso ak sonte iitntas wk astoeqe s° To. gotssool od: oe apy sood vat webasa oft bedat (2 o3 &. astualt) agen manpegey- a is fh 2. awkpwaed- Lagokat bbs ~o3 ovis ae Ghiedegsy of) sxtzsame sish aobtsionns gntnkeass edt - 6¥a seeds nedwv beset ara veloegs snentmoh ofl .eotts gatsoall “yotoags eielcones” 918 betett cela _ snag Shavrsedo to bernelios ok bne nolaasol SmBe BHF , Dpeisaghieeval xed2su% .muistie omen ot3 OF aim of baet binoda baloeqa sIotsosas sears 46 S3nedioatas oft 35m j RauctethbA ember ) / K il Seek % ha | Va HECTARE COORDINATES OF IVY NECK AND CORN ISLAND Se Ee a ee BER Hea tH [PP el lal al Pl ee) fan nb ft Beals fir dun han Lise leet aS ES BD Se HR pt We eet NG st : Et 3 i asian OE I # t rte a laa ia he ea | ' J | Mild Sea Hl a ’ i imme: - 4 + nds = : Leaf et ~yt =e wt > aiaaeas eee ‘Sanne tenes \ i (Figures 6 and 7) Hectare Coordinates of the Chesapeake Bay Center for Field Biology These maps represent a grid system which provides a large number of fixed points for designating sampling stations and recording collections. Each square of the grid is 100 meters on a side and has an area of 10,000 square meters or 1 hectare (1 hectare = 2.471 acres). The squares may be easily broken down into smaller metric units. Each of the larger squares (with heavier borders) contains 100 hectare squares. The vertical grid lines run north and south at right angles to the baseline, not according to magnetic north. The heavy horizontal line crossing Java Farm is the baseline; trees and brush along this line have been cleared to make a relatively open footpath. Disturbance to the vegetation along the other grid lines has been kept to a minimum. Although the grid lines on these maps extend beyond the boundaries of the Chesapeake Bay Center, the actual surveying has been confined to the Smithsonian property. In the field the corners of each Square are pinpointed either by concrete monuments or by pipes driven into the ground. The monuments are placed two hectares apart, and have brass plates bearing the numbers of the adjoining squares. Where pipes are used, stakes bearing the grid numbers accompany them. No markers have been planted in the estuaries. a Ati. Sg s 03900 ys ein3398 IT x4 e¢sitom ouEupe 000; oi 30 a esxotd vitesse ad THM aereupE ad Sir seer: yoitanma olin eter vw) apraupe eee ait 26 rig ee 5° antedios (rrabrod ssivesd 43! .asisube Fada Fi seatl brs Isotsav oat ee uotece Jdatt ie Mjuoe bee Aisoa nut Taeaostyat yossd siT tatoo Sigenaam 09 galhrosss Jon .sotisand eens “anoth tevic bas wears jantivosd 9n3 es frei avn. gahenoasy wipheIcse? nsqo yloviieter = S%am 65 bevaslo asad ovett onkd i bdee gad contl bitg yeidiso old ponte notzeisasy dz o3 sonedeebena ormiohm 2. of 3g i = at Pe | y Beevepnod Gio bread baesxe sqem senad 40 6etl bivg sd3 dguodstAy ‘oe Reais died wal gatyevivs Cwitos ots , teins) yee otetqeead) aiar ae 4 Hone Yo wisaszoo eds bl sij wi. .yi1eqotq astonedsime ot3:.08) ai va 7 Hh geq?4 Yi to. stnominom %7979R0 d 4addts beyakoqalq oxn-aT SDs Saeece sereisel ows be75.q S18 a3 nage ION adit: .bawusts sid otnt covtah a i Emapeige gitnichhs wis to araGme 31 auitanod ‘eval eserd oved bas iT Wunquezse Sxodieva bisg 93 gityeed segsis ,bsau 93s aeatkq wotteetee at? at beiselq osed evet exsazred BM) 15. Literature Cited Braun, E. Lucy. 1950. Deciduous forests of eastern North America. Blakiston Press, Philadelphia. 596 p. Craven, Avery O. 1926. Soil erosion as a factor in the agricultural history of Virginia and Maryland, 1606-1860. Univ. Illinois Press, Urbana. 179 p. Dayton, William A. 1942. Preliminary treatment of Umbelliferae, Washington-Baltimore Flora. Mimeographed. Distributed by the Conference on District Flora, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DemiG.) 1 S4 pi. Fernald, Merritt L. 1950. Gray's Manual of Botany, 8th edition. American Book Co., New York. 1632 p. Gilman, Elizabeth M. 1957. Grasses of the Tidewater-Piedmont region of northern Virginia and Maryland. Castanea 22: 1-105. Gleason, Henry A. 1952. The new Britton and Brown illustrated flora of the northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Lancaster Press, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 3 vol. Hairston, Nelson G., Frederick E. Smith, and Lawrence B. Slobodkin. 1960. Community structure, population control, and competition. American Naturalist 94: 421-425. Hermann, Frederick J. 1941. Key to the genus Carex in the Washington- Baltimore area. Mimeographed. Distributed by the Conference on District Flora, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 24 p. . 1946. A checklist of plants in the Washington-Baltimore area, 2nd. edition. Mimeographed. Issued by the Conference on District Flora, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 134 p. Kelly, J. Reaney. 1965. "Tulip Hill," its history and its people. Maryland Hist. Soc. Mag. 60: 349-403. Mack, Frederick K. 1962. Ground water supplies for industrial and urban development in Anne Arundel County. Maryland Dept. Geol., Mines, & Water Res. Bull. 26: 90 p. Marye, William B. 1955. The great Maryland barrens. Maryland Hist. Soc. Mag. 50: 11-23, 120-142, 234-253. Middleton, Arthur P. 1953. Tobacco Coast, a maritime history of the Chesapeake Bay in the Colonial era. Mariner's Mueeum, Newport News. 487 p. ae ey encuhiiae #g ate vsklqiohs tat Bi : aad ai eines A 2s yogi tent Tiog 8S@r "0 oe shomitt aio {OGBL~300E ,bunhyxey brs abalgiiV to. erode! -q Sil: ve aiibhtiodas 0 Sneainaia etedihs is EDGE ah metitih’, ; “els ed, bosudiyield barlguxgoomt™ ,azolt ‘sromts int-gosantdenilas: i spose . eorseT ESAs tinetnosdsin® ,erolT satyvdiesd o9 ‘gonsTstAO - oy 5 : é } + AE thy - = re Chae Cae d38 ,wmijol to fauna & ‘vaso .OFOL .J sttcreM .bis i aq Stal .ixo¥ well ¢.09) dood asokremA) | con sha Seaabeld-sesswebiT add to eseast- Sel .M ftodsskle i ,ROie@f cS aotntaed, -bosivren bos phatazs, aiediies to” rol? tiexertautts omive bre oogsivd wea ofT .,f¢0L ick est ieee ella _abenad imeosibs Sas a9929¢ beitol | ratesady2 ran afd FG. fou: a tnne tapativel ~reiegoapd . Sa a yakabodol® «A sonerove ors bh ae \3 dAsixebest ,-0 moalet codes ett Senidrigscros bie ,lowsreo mores fugog ,omutouTIA Ytinow wo ,000F PR heFSA 7 AC Jetleru2en neo tventA a Sd | apaedidegh odd ni were) ovnes ot ct yew .f0@L . ob Yolxrehoxt -noameh! fo eolversised edd yd distal .bsdqesgosmit «S976 earoukiial < © mee 40 «0 ,forgotceek |: rjustienl natnoeisin?’ ,otols sorsteld. |, ee : qeere esowtsink-nosgaideaW of3 Gl ainzig fo 38 fdearto A OBE 528 a - 5 Bhiegald ao ooneistdo) 41!) ve hegacl basdantacsalt goitibe 28h & “Me ae PED: 12 +0 »todgaidesW jouttosiaen retocedsina ,sxole ae pelineg esi ben yrogel ais " Clin qitut” .qeel -yansat mls ot : (£6)-00€. 10d .geM .c0@ +3edH bapiyrel: Be Boe Subssaubet. et seltinque 194¢¥ sngord ,Saeh a Askvebest a Mm pehced) .9qQ00 Saelci0M s¥2mpo. Ietnutsé enn ab trenqgoleveb andoie - OO ¢08 .Lfivh .eef TaaeW Ps) Seria sdeitl boebyisl! .enexsad baslysel ta07g AT -22eL 2 mettEEW 4 €2@S-805 ,Sal-OSL , Egnhs 302 - ea | Be osabe eatiiver a ,22s02 opsadot ,f08f LT aud9TA « Paik: eee omnes + yechom BI: inl p8 sas 15a. O'Neill, Hugh T. 1941. Cyperaceae of the Washington-Baltimore area (exclusive of Carex). Mimeographed. Distributed by the Conference on District Flora, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. 8 p. Phillips, S. W., S. O. Perkins, and H. B. Winant. 1928. Soil survey of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Chem. and Soils. Ser. 28, no. 10: 29 p., map. Shelford, Victor E. 1963. The ecology of North America. Univ. Illinois Press, Urbana. 610 p. Stieber, Michael T. 1967. An annotated checklist of the vascular flora of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Master of Science thesis, Catholic Univ. of America, Washington, D. C. 70 p. os 7 prec es dena tobousé aoe iQ @8 201 .on8 BS sx92 settee eSbtemA ddioK Yo ygolons att .€a0i a 102919. bret -q Of \..saKdxt arts etontl \ ieleeey art 35 detivoud- bssesotine cA | Tart. . = fase _yehends tomdtoe 30 re8t00H ‘baatyrad ,ytauc) isbnretA aims Go: agelt = 9 OF 2.9 0 snosgaidesw roolrs@h to vial, a 16. Families Represented at the Chesapeake Bay Center for Field Biology Division and Class Family No. Species Page Family No. Species Page Pteridophyta: Articulatae: Lycopodiinae: Filicinae: Spermatophyta: Gymnospermae: Angiospermae: Monocoty- ledonae: Dicoty- ledonae: Equisetaceae Lycopodiaceae Ophioglossaceae Osmundaceae Polypodiaceae Pinaceae Typhaceae Sparganiaceae Zosteraceae Alismataceae Hydrocharitaceae Gramineae Cyperaceae Araceae Lemnaceae Commelinaceae Juncaceae Liliaceae Dioscoreaceae Amaryllidaceae Iridaceae Orchidaceae Saururaceae Salicaceae Myricaceae Juglandaceae Betulaceae Fagaceae Ulmaceae Moraceae Urticaceae Polygonaceae Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae Phytolaccaceae Aizoaceae Portulacaceae Caryophyllaceae me™N WrRRrFOOrRNMNNAUEFENNE bY SCrRrrWOoOWADARr FEN WwW kr Oe Nymphaeaceae Ranunculaceae Berberidaceae Magnoliaceae Annonaceae Lauraceae Papaveraceae Cruciferae Crassulaceae Saxifragaceae Hamamelidaceae Platanaceae Rosaceae Leguminosae Oxalidaceae Geraniaceae Simaroubaceae Euphorbiaceae Anacardiaceae Aquifoliaceae Celastraceae Aceraceae Balsaminaceae Vitaceae Malvaceae Guttiferae Cistaceae Violaceae Passifloraceae Lythraceae Nyssaceae Onagraceae Haloragaceae Araliaceae Umbelliferae Cornaceae Pyrolaceae Ericaceae Primulaceae Plumbaginaceae Ebenaceae Oleaceae Gentianaceae Apocynaceae Asclepiadaceae Convolvulaceae Boraginaceae e hd WUNRFNYFRPNYRFPONWANHENERPNMNRUPRP HS WWRrP ENP U RRP NY WW OHPR RP RP RP NOH NH PH OF 106 106 109 109 109 110 110 lata 116 116 116 116 iLY/ E27) 139 140 140 140 142 143 143 144 145 145 146 146 148 148 149 149 150 150 152 #52 153 156 157 158 162 162 163 163 164 165 166 167 168 Y eekoage - Sneactnementa ine sy tere tS many sposadentupy a assondbredvedl i f. “ gasaerboasors © oe eetse Lorem Pe a a apessaonak ssonsesolgolitad Savona rind ‘ — Sn998ha0mN60 BRSOSieveds? 6 | -*+ , essoatboqylog SRIOTESUTS ay S4peonlieeayo Sowonae3stvac wasoebt loanwarat exeqnnasaly aauone08 sGuagilimrasd siennbliax0 aheD a Mars. Saeoneuo tent? 4589) bdi« Teves BAGCSEL OT PYRITS03 bv seontmna gneoetiol, ens atsqye aeeon 5 eet ' S6S5514 Seo OS sss5ssumed ental x | es Jue asl eamcd 29965 ) spssaonmutl saeon Lit ey gaeonll id spvatisiue , {8 seooneTOseniG angbateho + “ sasoetritvremaA seansitolV AN sranebitl sagsexc! treesd A ok scapeh? iin Spa057103 4.1 He9DeeeR" ; Spa natgano ei} Ssssvenimse enscsceto [44 oe eee sno tive anes iois : spgono try en7et) fsdail 3 gsosabnal got esevalvisi SnS9R RRL seooaalt ss99R70% 924654700 soeasioryt spaseotss enooalyaiit Sm TT Hm he » pee 17. Division No. and Class Family Species Page Dicotyledonae: Verbenaceae 4 170 (continued) Labiatae 16 172 Solanaceae 6 178 Scrophulariaceae 10 181 Bignoniaceae 1 186 Orobanchaceae 1 186 Phrymaceae 1 186 Plantaginaceae 4 186 Rubiaceae 7 187 Caprifoliaceae 8 190 Valerianceae 2 193 Campanulaceae 3 193 Compositae 72 195 Summary Division No. No. and Class Families Species Pteridophyta: Articulatae: aL af Lycopodiinae: aL 1 Filicinae: 3 14 Spermatophyta: Gymnospermae: 1 3 Angiospermae: Monocotyledonae: 16 139 Dicotyledonae: 76 387 Totals: 98 545 13 species in Appendix I. 558 ekacnasd ay er : ae et estsical ve. sssoanklo2 , “OL sisaaize ludqosse F ee spscstnonght — f seenadoasdor0 ho £ esenaorygsat = asineg? sol{[ims eastd Bas ~ =— oa I ey A A — st noeenmcteagiiamaiaaitaiaataie apa -cacsaosueestanteameesenlituimeagtege ana (re ~ i. LG ft 5 :sivigobizsa H = £ resipluotIzA as : spnktbogooyt 17a. Adventive and Introduced Species at the Chesapeake Bay Center Pteridophyta: Liliaceae Filicinae: Allium vineale L. Osmunda regalis L. Asparagus officinalis L. Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth Hemerocallis fulva L. Narcissus poeticus L. Spermatophyta: pseudo-narcissus L. Gymnospermae: None Ornithogalum umbellatum L. Angiospermae: Monocoty- Dicotyledoneae: ledonae: Salicaceae Gramineae X Populus eugenei Simon-Louis Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Mert. & Koch Bromus commutatus Schrad. Ulmaceae inermis Leyss. japonicus Thunb. Ulmus procera Salisb. racemosus L. pumila L. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Dactylis glomerata L. Moraceae Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muhl. Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. Festuca elatior L. Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneid. Holcus lanatus L. Morus alba L. Phleum pratense L. Phragmites communis Trin. Polygonaceae Poa annua L. : compressa L. Polygonum aviculare L. Secale cereale L. cespitosum Blume var. Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. longisetum (DeBruyn) faberii Herrm. Stewart Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. persicaria L. Triticum aestivum L. Rumex acetosella L. crispus L. Cyperaceae obtusifolius L. pulcher L. Scirpus validus Vahl. var. creber Fern. Chenopodiaceae Commelinaceae Chenopodium album L. Commelina communis L. Amaranthaceae Amaranthus hybridus L. spinosus L. a igtaandy mo htte elfeploltio aughisdad mw avley ebilasoxemel! DE: a-olysey eiiedm wilegoisias raasaobel 3091 : “ | Gesnartiag io - gson tm Miwoderert? Ieusgus auiugol X mujerobo mudtnskcthind = gook } .txeM (.0) aukisls ovtosdanaivta 7 saspanelt .batdo’ eudatuames eumorg a ) sayed etorrtak ie , Gaiise® atesoyq eval! daudT avotnogsl) , ae" ot eibmudg od BISOMSHET fi ate (.d) aolyaosb roboryo. gaa pe von .2 etersmoly atiyjosa a tiv (,deaiod) memoadaec atrastgra re ks tea) gee itywang oileaossuaril igxyseD (.J) asthat sukeus le q Beemnse (i Yak) eveitwoy atirisa - i seiasla sovtaeh ~ me sf adis guTroh J gutsnnl ensfon ae = wl senavesq. aeldg ay esyoecop lot alr? atnummos 2993 inige3dd a , al eunnd 08 a we eraivaiva munceylot ; I Sazetgaos — ee 1a = amu ld moeot! ques ; I olseys2 Sisce8.. ae es we ) mutsalarol -vunes {.J) souelg 6is2a8- > “ie Jravese TIS. tives : = wh Bisa rereg .oved {..0) seneaslan eur gee |! EU ot alflecotess xem J suvisese quoboeetio 5 ae = ef Bvgatss r if avlloisevsdo 2832872949. nt ik yd 2efoing tay -idav¥ eublinv eogriae Saauns bogoaod] mre: 1sd9eb » y sh agpdds mutdoqonedd 17b. Dicotyledonae, continued: Aizoaceae Mollugo verticillata L. Caryophyllaceae Cerastium viscosum L. vulgatum L. Dianthus armeria L. Lychnis alba Mill. Silene noctoflora L. Stellaria media (L.) Cyrillo Ranunculaceae Clematis dioscoreifolia Levl. & Vaniot Ranunculus bulbosus L. Cruciferae Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Barbarea verna (Mill.) Aschers. vulgaris R. Br. Cardamine hirsuta L. Draba verna L. Lepidium campestre (L.) R. Br. Nasturtium officinale R. Br. Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. Crassulaceae Sedum sarmentosum Bunge Rosaceae Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke Potentilla recta L. Prunus avium L. persica (L.) Batsch Pyrus communis L. malus L. Rosa canina L. micrantha Sm. multiflora Thunb. Rubus phoenicolasius Maxim. Leguminosae Lespedeza cuneata (Dumont) G. Don. stipulacea Maxim. Medicago lupulina L. Melilotus alba Desr. officinalis (L.) Lam. Trifolium arvense L. hybridum L. pratense L. procumbens L. repens L. Vicia angustifolia Reichard sativa L. tetrasperma (L.) Moench. villosa Roth Simaroubaceae Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Aceraceae Acer platanoides L. Malvaceae Abutilon theophrasti Medic. Guttiferae Hypericum perforatum L. Violaceae Viola kitaibeliana R. & S. var. rafinesquii (Greene) Fern. Onagraceae Ludwigia palustris (L.) Ell. Haloragaceae Myriophyllum spicatum L. Umbelliferae Daucus carota L. yf pet 2) nuksen ce «1 gutssfov 3 od abzamte aut ,ffiM sedis e af groltetoon ‘ane besitos pilottievugee story a J avktes oliksy) (+2) skbee aizelietg . ionsctt (. Q) Mrraqzetso2 a id dia¥ neohliv segoniu ye sotoa¥ &..ived silotterooeoth etjamelde sandadvoyat? wt auaadiog au luosuoaet Eas ye Cuetee) eatewtates eydisslrA gate iio 2 eg P8e2571924 deryel |. nasi iany eiaqobtdaxA” a -erenoea [tM) snazav sextedied J aebtonstalg 199° é a ebtegiuy j 2 ndueits ontmabaad ee ata ravialt ft eovav édaad Go ~ Fete? =I vt. (.d) siteaquss. autbiqsd 9 oe A. A otnntortio. muktiz7888 ~ NR, 7 - ‘. ; ; ty Hh) => wit hem Pauetdqpens mols sudh ae i : goog (.J) slartotiio, mir rdemnees ak - saprgiveaatd | GF musaictise molreqy! Ave ai . egcull magsasarse ube oy ni oyenator’ Er er ni a ok. w etativdiesi:s alot’ ee : ‘ deans TOG5037) Liuparatien aionod (.thmA) aalont astaanou ‘ .t sjoex allisasjo& J wmntvs autores donwad (,0) epteaed eG od eT OL, Ano RIR0" Sees tad) atatavicg eigivbu Dad utgatge cull eiqodret L7G. Primulaceae Anagallis arvensis L. Oleaceae Syringa vulgaris L. Ligustrum vulgare L. Convolvulaceae Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. purpurea (L.) Roth Labiatae Glechoma hederacea L. var. micrantha Moricand Lamium amplexicaule L. purpureum L. Mentha spicata L. Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. Solanaceae Datura stramonium L. Solanum nigrum L. sarachoides Sendtner Scrophulariaceae Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. Verbascum blattaria L. thapsus L. Veronica arvensis L. hederaefolia L. Plantaginaceae Plantago lanceolata L. major L. Caprifoliaceae Lonicera japonica Thunb. Valerianaceae Valerianella olitoria (L.) Poll. Compositae Achillea millefolium L. Anthemis arvensis L. Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. Centaurea cyanis L. Chondrilla juncea L. Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. Cichorium intybus L. Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. vulgare (Savi) Tenore Galinsoga ciliata (Raf.) Blake Hieracium scabrum Michx. venosum L. Lactuca canadensis L. floridana (L.) Gaertn. Pyrrhopappus carolinianus (Walt.) DG Rudbeckia serotina Nutt. Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Taraxacum officinale Weber 4 f-audyint muktodor? ; ; Rens v As moutestd ' Aube z Beare taesene antatete ak. tron | ,& eteisberss sousoel Vat) artebts0L? Pp eunetutiorss auqasqod«7¢7 © Salk aubtowsa piloedbus CLEA fd) xeqne sudonoe fateW alentor?to miseratst 4)! a Paani .post te D esata seosoat AI0% tne u soruqued: 7 - - os = J ” . | pelonkataxiv SE peeeee yes (Field YO 5487792 ban sfeiusece abald sitrvasp *ftorl efotiea # oo pbetd, sitwe2é ye r sitio stated sis a anotva af, gnbsaust Yoslq ~oister me ste aft Yo Keotetvib esd yilestqys astoaqe) & ee | i waa Hert: tnenii yasm otml t3af> sbal die 3 we sgeheotd ern agotsivrh siz wmuotids error { ‘ ; : Musoepel «8 Wie oie ol {(sy¥)300.03 si slyti t-S3BNSI9 | _ : Lad fret esunen(tse%7 we dq nigiiv muinokt sat 7 fe Seow gesrei bnslqu ee | TB (sjszeboM | rst cont i | ,BEOINS TO? Bywed: st lo}! on ts eugei to yqe fed seas lev xee7D vbbutt festosga siatoonrs »eteiigtius mo; zbisboi th) | BS28 go is peer Hawsnes 2c saanot: ssvian ci s7sbaude Yiaseisbolt., -ApaMoges ; . Nedsal god wisi eye je Jets esidmeast Peat: -niasained bloltss8) (Aff camgit .xslosge stetzoees set -eifotthanyy Simei fxe% Ssqsto- (isstev?) .pnesaé gutoseath moidoyesonoumm sSvods | ty .€ sa desided omae at Javupaying “smret evel 955 send bas segankbaurs abisiedd Yo sabe dizos Ae ia toe ro ostA | v | 1, 2eL noah .(edes. et 3290) anc ts -tjgoa to We OSMUNDACEAE Osmunda 1. Sterile and fertile fronds bipinnate, the sterile with Simple pinnmules....eccccsescceseccccevcccesesceveseess Of regalis 1. Sterile fronds once pinnate, with pinnatifid pinnae; fertile fronds separate, cinnamon-colored, densely WOOLY. ce reeeecercreerececcecvcecsecccevevccscccvcvoeses Of Cinnamomea Osmunda regalis L. var. spectabilis (Willd.) Gray (var. not in Britton & Brown) Royal Fern Java Farm. One station: Ravine on east-facing slope between Fox Point Road and Fox Creek estuary. Hectare 3544. Canopy of Pinus virginiana. Associate species: Osmunda cinnamomea. Higman 516. 0. cinnamomea L. Cinnamon Fern Java Farm. Principal station on north shore of Hog Island near junction with salt marsh. Hectare 3582. Canopy of Quercus prinus, Q. alba, etc. Second station in Hog Island salt marsh near border of mainland. Hectare 3572. Partial canopy of young Quercus falcata, Q. stellata, Q. phellos. Third station at east- facing slope between Fox Point Road and Fox Creek estuary. Hectare 3544 (same site as 0. regalis above). Canopy of Pinus virginiana. Higman 104, 442, 515. POLYPODIACEAE 1, Indusium obsolete, 2. Fronds leathery, evergreen, simply pinnatifid. Expected (Polypodium). 2. Fronds herbaceous, deciduous, 2- to 4-times pinnate or pinnatifid. 3. Rhizome short and stout, forming a crown; fronds lanceolate, in vase-like clumps.......-.++...-.. Athyrium 3. Rhizome slender, long and forking; fronds deltoid or broader, solitary or scattered.........+.+++. Dryopteris 1. Indusium present. 4, Indusium formed by revolute margin of the frond. Expected (Pellaea, Cheilanthes, Dennstaedtia). 4, Indusium not formed by margin of frond, either dorsal or marginal. “hws eitsete ait ,pdekobgtd ebooxst slivers bn’ ‘gfirga2. & ; SES be chiar aeamnmremnainai sp oleae qaennta brstosonke atiw ,atadatq soto ahnext ctr ae yianneh “fsgoino-—sommenks .SJeseqoe ‘sbaogt sligget: & Fea sii ca prs ne NOME - ao SPM AMAMA tale ps ee ks iat es Ena F niet qero (.bLLi) adindagos 498 «78 | a: eatgseg: : awsT, ieyot- ae Caw ord" ) nora ak son S84), ee or, | noseyad sqols bagan?- jane no sotveh tnotieje 9n0 ais4 svat ie gunk Ro yaenn? i heeb axeiosH |. eteutas fess) xo fae bec Jabot 3ee Yosda gtetooeré - eek [gent woweth .z3momnock> sboume0 +98) ri itoeiecaale al Soom rth S) “fh ‘ x ina : ‘ Ais = hnptet. gel Sy eyode farom so coltase Logiont*: wet BYVAL Kee e193 Ro vqruel)) wiG2l- stesoed ietem dies dole soljsonh seam » ‘ies. boelal gol of ceksade brosec....299 sete “ (RYOTE, | Shan Hirt sic Sto gvédseH -,babinkes.t0 rebrad, . * giucy So ygoneo Late -s\: ~3 2 3 eeO4 43 0 .pjniisia, .0 Lat rae . aad a aolteds byrdl Atay 2 «828 g22a,.0 ,Bis2Lar exo touQ: ttl : ( ete sup!) ~¥aIsuse6 teen) “O48 bas baad gokol xo¥ asowsed Sune ‘gutoes:” “a bateshegsty pubis to yqorm Aevod: silage: .0 26 9958 sond) Ste = che ,SAé , S01 aomgkt Gee F > . ) z SASQATOUTYI0S srstoede es Tah ae 1 ee asstaievs ,yxedieel ebnost a Koustboay os) bed onqaet »bLil deans: ¢ epaki~e. « S$ puoubtoeh ,ewoesadiad show S- bitidenntg <2 ofennigq- ehdort piwoxD 6 animyel ,tvose bas Jz0ne amoztit ,€ / ‘museviloh Ter ee oes. @qow is sqii-saav ar , stniosored ‘ i" 0) ¢ = } P F : . blogieh.abuors? qpeteso}. bne- gaat qabosde emostdd. ee 7 ar Shxeogey7G yaw ees walsh a sshors33508 0 ematloa »rabaotd 71. _ — . aks ‘as sina ata do Pris / 20. 5. Indusium borne beneath the sorus, surrounding its base as a saucer-shaped structure. 6. Fertile and sterile fronds similar, not rigid. Expected (Woodsia, Dennstaedtia). 6. Fertile and sterile fronds very dissimilar, stiff, the sterile much larger, the fertile erect and rigid. 7. Fronds forming tall vase-like clumps, the sterile and fertile simply pinnate. Expected (Pteretis). 7. Fronds solitary or scattered, the sterile coarsely pinnatifid, the fertile bi- PANNA’ ChcKeel eke siete eerste) ciclcislie elec) ee lels wieleersieleiaieieiere a ONOGLea 5. Indusium spreading above or outside the sorus. 8. Indusium attached at center, orbicular to reniforn. 9. Indusium shield-shaped, without a sinus...... Polystichum 9. Indusium reniform or with deep sinus......... Dryopteris 8. Indusium attached at margin, linear or oblong to crescent-shaped. (Also, sori parallel to oblique lateral veins). 10. Fronds deciduous, pinnate to tripinnate; stipes flat, angled or furrowed............. Athyrium 10. Fronds evergreen, pinnate (in species collected); stipes slender, nearly terete... Asplenium Athyrium Fronds bi- to tripinnate; sori roundish or reniform; indusium crescent-sShaped....ecescsecereccesccceceeseees A. filix-femina Fronds simply pinnate or deeply bipinnatifids; sori straight or nearly so. Expected (A. pycnocarpon). A. filix-femina Rhizome compact, covered with persistent old stipe- bases; frond widest near middle; indusia toothed, if ciliate the hairs not gland-tipped. (Also, fertile fronds more leathery and contracted than the sterile; MACUGEMSOG CONF UEMIt) se cteerehens ei ckeheletelrelerss chereierelersietelsleleretaeie Vale much auxeel Rhizome horizontally creeping, with few or no stipe- bases; frond widest toward base; indusia ciliate, the Ci TaneUand tipped. «ac sic ecleicis sie/¢ el Sieeieie civic esleisisleseieivie. Vals asplentoldes ae Gathabacts: ees Dias: sities Bae 4 ska - si dl bag 5479" slitast “ota stegtel dois alt team a att yese ait. aquest aait-sesv fls2 waksios eboor’, ra ee a a | +Cgkt97929) Slat iad sogsnokq ylqnia sltoxre? bas opi “gitsete aft guaeed. oa) wisiitoe ‘ebroxt x nm’ ckd olftust oz ,bititennt zisarspo neloand BRN cancpinscoes yn ce ae os I seuxyes of7 sbistue to svods guibestqe mbeubal \@rmoltnes oy teleotdzs seine. ts -banosszis mot ural +8 Manedaelo§ ......audie » suodtiw .baqada-biside ateubal se | PiSRIGOTsT «6+ ..,8unte goed dilw zo mroitasy mteobal # h Bie 0 aps0il ,mkarem jn bsdoe33o metavbel [{svaq trow ,orlA) .baqsde-tneces75-03 .(antoy fareint. syptido ‘soetniqit? oF sienniq ,everbt eboors, OF muted 3A see tbeteues, RQWONIUD To bolens it. aeql2e bat sae m7) Janalq ,nestTgzeve sbn0727 SA ,.-879792 Yiveor baste eeqije | (hatosiion suliyaiA = =e tmrotive: +o daibaves rroe jadenniqks2 of aid “pbio1T« LIU CUTER TTLELEPTIEETT TE ee au savtinky Parga {AeTei bakin ek. apmyth i BIAYhooW bese972 wad. Cad) asaaeka Gg Meege? «vellsy-dees) ybbiet to weti0 ~ troitsie sa0 vate: evel _ is Ot meng callejesblovo avepjall ,sospbiems augkenss srdem ao. Aavey avitiensc @ox? waexydequ 4ee22 vbbuif jo Sand :anotitaje owT -wist evel g@ilatnsbiogs guna ret jo ygoneD .heox sscezIne blo 26 Ripa Worsne pane garcia. brivdi Ostk -acankvemp Binixas? , ele . (@S6 Sl cemglhi .eyaniei6 1a xOT 2o muhotteylod ws yatedo® (oxi) seit 23% Asplenium Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Oakes Ebony Spleenwort Java Farm. Infrequent. Found along trail at north border between Muddy Creek and old entrance gate, in old fields, and on bank overlooking salt marsh at northeast corner of Farm. Ivy Neck. One station on bank overlooking halophytic area at Sand Point, on Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4860. Higman 143, 162, 1647) 209), 21:8) -470), 875. PINACEAE 1, Leaves opposite or in 3's, scale-like; fruit berry-Like, blue and glaucouS.). 015 ).i. wscslsccs wee ec cece es JUNIperuS 1. Leaves sheathed in fascicles; fruit a woody cone...... Pinus Juniperus Juniperus virginiana L. var. crebra Fern. & Grisc. Redcedar Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant along roads and fences, in old fields, and in a variety of hardwood forest types. Infrequent in dry, halophytic areas and salt marshes. Higman 112, sie) ALLS Oe Pinus 1. Needles 14-25 cm. long; cone scales with stout spine.. P. taeda 1. Needles usually shorter than 12 cm.; cone scales with awl-shaped spine. 2. Needles in 3's. Expected (P. rigida, P. serotina). 2. Needles in 2's. 3. Twigs glaucous; needles 7-12 cm. long; spine of cone scale 1 mm. long, weak. Expected (P. echinata). 3. Twigs brown, not glaucous; needles 4-8 cm. long; spine of cone scale 2-3 mm. long, -Lirm, straight Ore Lecurvedici. cies. oleic sleleciiee eee oo) Pe Mirginiana by Wasok $a, hex gaois biter ee “ere Sve a ibistt, blo mt .s0Ag: somsaans, bLo bog emp Tiers ,mist 2h wac169 jannits 107 +8, eee, pine , neat, fhe abaudqnind phe ie Seve 310 aotiste ent oat. 5 ee F abe Hang .088) srajsot ,elusdinet sodas) mo _2are eats Ove “ats Ad) : pee wae es QUGOURLS Boe au id uber Re epevpe cee eoeee et ® i | | | ef.) ED eee oI: yboow a dlutl ;ssiotoeet | bertdsone ‘oll eed Et avrg rag = | . . i sabanbot .2eiy) 6 .c79% oydeto «sev ,J anatobeyty auaag tout brie ebso% goola toabmuds ylosayseocM 19% wrt Ens aed aves, 2060) Jeetol bocwbiad fo Yeriev ut bus ,sbiet} ble ab ,assmane end nome ti eodevua tlae bot @enete stavicoisd yxb ra JyeuDe t REE Parnes OLEL, , Ces nC G a3 ay — Suns sn0 anol yep 28-81 eelbes see bags .7 ..ariqe Jiose date eelese snea :gfol m2 Cores. } 5 . 7 =e ’ satens anos =» SI med? tedtode vileveu seilbsetiige ss hagela-lws ditw aoino: oD > .m dj = bet: r bast skye — ugisosee «7 .sbtatr..3) bejosqul o£ at eslbsst soe wats oF eolhaet MS. @nos-to wolve ;ynol .mo SI-* eslhesn j;evosonty agiwt ©: Apjanidcs .%) baioegx3 -sesw ,gnol .mm f slene on > f-* gethssn (avoquelg Jon, » nd 7 . ‘ ,gool .om ¢-S alaca sA05 ie means ee i has ieee ater aiay ss an Pa Ae pheniaet i ‘wt 24. Pinus taeda L. Loblolly Pine Java Farm. Infrequent; mature stand on south-facing slope of ridge, west of main buildings and below water tank. Scattered through canopy of mature Pinus virginiana, Fagus grandifolia, and Quercus alba on adjacent west-facing slope. Young individuals scattered in old fields. Ivy Neck. Mature, planted stand on lower Cheston Peninsula. Higman 41, 415, 508, 574, 649, P. virginiana Mill. Virginia Pine, Scrub Pine Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Frequently dominates understory of Quercus prinus forest; infrequent to moderately abundant in old fields, there associated with Robinia pseudoacacia, Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, etc. Java Farm. Dominant or co-dominant on west-facing slope overlooking old entrance road, and along Fox Point Road near base of Fox Point Peninsula. Higman 265. TYPHACEAE Typha 1. Staminate and pistillate parts of the spike contiguous; pistillate part 1.5 to 3,5 cm. in diameter... 00.0 2. latifolia 1. Staminate and pistillate parts of the spike separated; pistillate part 6 to 12mm. in, diameter. 0. ors oes Le angustifolia Typha latifolia L. Common Cattail Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Abundant or moderately abundant in salt marshes near heads of estuaries and at the landward margins of more saline marshes. Associate species: Dryopteris thelypteris (co-dominant in one marsh near head of tidal portion of Muddy Creek), Scirpus americanus (co-dominant in marsh at head of Cheston Creek estuary), Hibiscus palustris, Kosteletzkya virginica, Panicum virgatum (infrequent at landward margins of other salt marshes). Higman 90. T. angustifolia L. Narrow-leaved Cattail Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant near landward margins of salt marshes. Associate species: Typha latifolia. Higman 211, 533. oy basta bednely ,oruast ee yd ’ POR GAVe (800 eak aah nt nkintgynt¥ , LE sa — Sivr98 ie ‘guedevebau aetsnimeh yinesupest .xoev yvi bas ais’ a: Ms bie wl soe nude yfesereabou Gt siepunes ee) L48 "32. | aug & Suoder gadmia hops seivereobuseg sinidad Witw baru ,935 ,mus eahctihcomins bomne mal y anole gaisst-Jesv oo jusoimoh~oo Fo Jaentm ¢ area eval & ms Me eked ener Seol tntot xo7 gnoia bis .baor sosaving: blo guiscol ero eo - ,288 sapgik sien ined jakod xom! : , a ¥ i eo a: A srigyT a sauougtanes exiqe oft 3 rag oveliiserg ‘bes stentmes8 alae SS OVE ie a da geib ue 2 tusq steliizety > ye shetevaqes siige o12 to otelltsate bow stantmed@ wi gphois seugoe . a roe .)..vetomahbh ai eo SL of 0, ixsq etn litaaig oat ee t Spessa2 wend : wl giloities sigyt- a at torbauds ylovawbem 1 tnehavds fost. yvt bos mtal avet eeiguae bruwhes! whl 2% bon Bel tsa ho 0 ebast ase0 estarEn el Penge] pivezqoysd ¢' siooqa staloneeA .#ofievem etiiiss syom 2005 ax2 © $6 goriiog isbti 20 beed ses0 devas end as srinahiobanaial ee wees aoteec.) to basi ts deter ot toanimob~po) sumepttems i nour msiasi ,soteisity § eva x aolareor abtssuiog sesete ,0¢ wean 3 tlea vadjo to eainrea biswbael ta. Sasupee aha a esiatedntcnn! 3 susupexant alot it tat Bagel sesinege stmtocess -esdatem Mae waa 3o.m ai eat 2s SPARGANTACEAE Sparganium Sparganium eurycarpum Engelnm. Burreed Ivy Neck. One station: large clump on dried mud bottom of cut-off pond on Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4880. Associate species: Rumex verticillatus, Sambucus canadensis, Sium suave. Higman 944, ZOSTERACEAE 1. Flowers in spikes or on a long axis. 2. Spike more than 2-flowered, raised above the stipule in anthesis; carpels in fruit sessile...... Potamogeton 2. Spike 2-flowered, enclosed in the sheathing leaf base in anthesis; carpels in fruit raised on slender stalks. Expected (Ruppia). EM OWETS sax MMlalray, sae, enctlelieeneraleieiehelslsisveiclelolsveielcieuevelehalsieralevers tee Cannelcheldleita Potamogeton Potamogeton perfoliatus L. var. bupleuroides (Fern.) Farw. Pondweed Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Abundant in estuaries. Associate species: Myriophyllum spicatum. Higman 272, 1009. Zannichellia Zannichellia palustris L. Horned Pondweed Ivy Neck. One station: cut-off pond on Cheston Peninsula. Higman 1154. ALISMATACEAE 1. Carpels in a single ring, strongly flattened; style on the ventral margin of the carpel, below the tip; flowersvall” perbects ‘Stamen's oO. sis-c:ereieis) sis.c/e\eee so oletel een eAU Ede STal 1. Carpels in dense heads; style apical; upper flowers staminate (or all either staminate or pistillate); SEAMEMS! TUMETHOUS . ci «0 0 0 clei sielic' ceo cece reece ec vcceseseevee oagpittaria Nar ore iste aricaay A my 4360 6 boa. bsish ra quvia sere sHoldese eno 2 : OBB . statoet | .slvasiss? gotesdd mo. haoq 3 tev4u9 apveue mts ~Siensbess> apoudaes ss HARZOARSTEON Anes fis is tees 8 1.3 mit “vids. boetes ,berawoli-< aeds stom eakee '.& fosagownso% DuwretScteeen Sluyi nt -sieytes peteedas nk olugtte beet gotdsesrte oid of bssoloms ,barewolt-§ alga ti et ; repeaia oo boelet siuscl al alsqvar setesitae pAb seed : h »(stqqua) beinsqed, i .tallese eS see | (sigaué qu oat eh: Be 1 OT Se ss .avinilixe exewold te OM EoISRoueI o's ; : ie aujetlotzeg sojagogtigd | >a iyawbood ewes s-.(.r75 3) sebtoxveloud ie 67, aa a li Bid i oewedA awivravdes 7 mmbouda s¥-ev!l bas miei svet i ik OO! S05 mamgl ..megsoiqe muligdqoryyM » Seekers - is a — i BFA £9 91 AGS - a. Beewinet, ba niei 3 etsjeulng shifedotanss , : Pewenemess Gmdend) as brug, 230-309 dokjase am 899% ped POST nema SARQATANC TIA eiyde jbanetsel] ylignorte ,goty olgote @ wt terd offs woisd ,isqiso oft ie akgoan- ee a ae 279G633, paget seg Cie, at ‘wzqwold ssa Lpebe ate vebeod: ke j{eislitzetq wo stenhanse oredahe POCeRT Teed Terre serene hewenee 26. Alisma Alisma subcordatum Raf. Mud-plantain Ivy Neck. One station: shore of small cut-off pond on Cheston Peninsula, south of Sand Point. Hectare 5800. Associate species: Rumex verticillatus, Cephalanthus occidentalis, Echinochloa walteri, Galinsoga ciliata. Higman 946. Sagittaria Sagittaria latifolia Willd. var. pubescens (Muhl.) J. C. Sm. Duckpotato Java Farm. One station: dry, sandy bed of north fork of Muddy Creek, upstream from culvert of old entrance road, near barrier of piling (collected during drought). Hectare 2467. Canopy of Platanus occidentalis, Fagus grandifolia, and Liriodendron tulipifera. Under- story chiefly Lindera benzoin. Associate species: Impatiens capensis, Polygonum arifolium. Also observed in the freshwater part of Fox Creek marsh. Hectare 3526. Higman 1056. GRAMINEAE Key to the Tribes 1. Spikelets 1- to many-flowered; articulation above the glumes except in Oryzeae. 2. Plants woody; culms perennial.........eseeeceeeeeess Bambuseae (Expected) 2, Plants herbaceous; culms annual. 3. Spikelets 3-flowered, with 2 rudimentary florets below the perkect ONE. «cicie oie.e:s 0 e100 wishes cieleis siee ee ae (Nalarddeaem(pe. 28) 3. Spikelets 1- to several-flowered, with no rudi- mentary florets below the perfect one (but sometimes above it). 4. Spikelets unisexual; plants monoecious. 5. Pistillate spikelets embedded in joints of the rachis... .sccscocscscoseseenssscseseee Lripsaceae (p. 28) | erasost sdnkas *Anae 20 sion ae isi ss ohaal x RAagtoud 8.0. wh (, Eelunt) aiteaaads WEROM Ao Axo} A2t0n To bad ydowe .yxb ccolista 20 sat all (20 aeluved xse0 ,heot sonstinas blo Yo tnsvine moy?-mpomtege , F306 euorkO LCOS Sxescen . (adguorh gotsib: paiseltos) spxetigi ios northysbolyt.. bos ESOL ESL RS | auget "ake Boetseqn Aare viainozaA = .ntosned & J it i Szeq seIewilndyi Sid Ai bavrendo oalA «mitiod UO SY, O00) onagth 6820 s#sicek~. degen SS . pa a bemalg a3 svode aotiolioltys Gbevwoll-_yosm of =f \ezeladtage gggey20 ak 1q93%8 : ‘ 7 4 i 06 (bet 90qx3) CD a +++. félagssaq emtiuo eghoow ajnpk® ‘<— ene aulio j2uossadiet sins tT 6h j atevol? yracwamlbir 2 dttiw ,bosawolt-€ eda lodge a ae | ESS ED a reno,_330379q 2a3 wolad), =thuy on Wdiw ,bexswolt-lLatevos os -I sisisdtge pi - jud) ago Jostysq adi woled etsiclt vistas) «(1 svods eomijeaoe -avoloeonos siaslq ;lauxsatou asotodige fo ‘minto! at bsbiadus~asalediqn Prien aM eye Orde aees rece wesccnenpeere ene 2. 5. Pistillate spikelets not embedded in the joints of the rachiss..c.s.csesceccceecesee Lizanieae (Expected) 4, Spikelets perfect or, if umnisexual, the plants dioecious. 6. Glumes minute or wanting; articulation bellowmthems . js. twee ssi lecwe sews es, Oryzeaea(pen 2d) 6. Glumes, or at least one of them, well- developed; articulation above them. 7. Spikelets sessile; rachis continuous except in Hordeum. 8. Spikelets on opposite sides of the rachis; spikes terminal, solitary.... Hordeae (p. 29) 8. Spikelets on one side of the rachis; spikes digitate or racemose.......... Chlorideae (p. 31) 7. Spikelets pedicellate, in open, con- tracted, or spikelike panicles, rarely in racemes. (Spikelets subsessile in Phleum). 9. Spikelets usually 1-flowered......... Agrostideae (p. 33) 9. Spikelets 2- to several-flowered. 10. Glumes as long as the lowest floret, usually as long as the spikelets; lemmas awned from the back (awnless in Sphenopholis, awned between the teeth of a bifid apex in Danthonia)......... Aveneae (p. 35) 10. Glumes, or at least one of them, shorter than the first floret; lemmas awnless or awned from the tip, or from the back just below the tip, or from between the teeth of a bifid apex............ Festuceae (p. 37) a scree sande 22 one woled “Ilow ,modi to seo 3eesf Ja 10 ,asmtD > sna svoda cotiaiuo bias. pheqolsyeb avountiieo aldony :siteess siolstigg ..s vier j mmuebaoH ol tEs3Ks ~ ee ee eat to aeabla sileoqqgo. as i : ~- o&) — ena cpinse loa iatatad wodlqe taldoex “ : ; t. 4 dat mat? hee aa telqoes $03 %56 abts 8096 Oo e18l542i¢¢ a 7 ae ere. ; te eine Pa rt ee a ‘ - © ATE: .@) PD ois es en se GROMSCRT YO StAITSID asaiqa_..: af un be 1G - < : ] oe ane “oe .saqa mt ,sisilesthsq asslodige \ viovay ,eolotnaq Sdtiaxiqs to ,bs2oBT2 Ss Ral) : ; ‘ i a) wileeaedve saaiatiac) 2eneaost ot 7 : « (BS 5 ¢ 7 0 ee & ‘. : % 7 : ue ‘ 7 ie hinges (tf wflianey, ataiox ¢ v sae (ge . OMON sd. +aresDStawolt=f yilsuen sisioxtge . oF . P ns t % batawoli~(s7sve 2 -8 “etsledige .t j ; | geswol oa qo eat ee eomlD Uf : i a“ ¢ srw: m is we 1 laws) Acad ae iw 56 bSaows aie ba ual ‘ SG bitid i ‘ ad “OL ,msid Yo'so0 jeasl js xo ,eSmsid tse7ol? sexta so osdd st547oile 6a9 stort bomen to arelows. esamed woled iaui Axosd add mort te ,qia ~ adi asewisd sori 10 ,qths sda Wa? Beeouiest .........+-.x0qn blitd w io Aaaed 28. 1. Spikelets with 1 perfect terminal floret and one imperfect or sterile lower floret; articulation below the glumes. 11. Spikelets paired, one sessile and perfect, the other pediceled and staminate, sterile, or WANTING. ccccccccveverevccscrccsesevecvccscceveveese Andropogoneae (p. 45) 11. Spikelets single (or in rows om one side of a continuous rachis in Digitaria and Paspalum)...... Paniceae (p. 47) Phalarideae 1. Lower florets reduced to small, awnless, scale-like lemmas, smaller than the fertile florets; glumes equal, sometimes winged on the keel.......eeeeecccccce Phalaris 1. Lower florets consisting of awned, hairy, sterile lemmas exceeding the fertile floret; glumes very UNEGUAL. .ccccerccevercsecrevccronsvescesesscesesecvece Anthoxanthum Phalaris Phalaris arundinacea L. Reed Canary-grass Java Farm. Abundant in somewhat marshy 5-acre meadow north of main buildings. Infrequent on roadsides near main buildings. Higman 149, 772, 779, 826, 894. Anthoxanthum Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Sweet Vernal Grass Ivy Neck. One station. Miss A. Colhoun's garden. Higman 1155. Tripsaceae Tripsacum dactyloides L. Gamagrass Java Farm. Infrequent, along roads and in scattered clumps in old fields. Higman 25. Oryzeae Leersia 1. Lower panicle branches fascicled; spikelets about 5 mm. long; leaf sheaths and blades very harshly scabrous; rhizomes long and slender.......ssseceeeeees Le Oryzoides 1. Lower panicle branches not fascicled; spikelets about 3 mm. long; leaf sheaths and blades scabrous but not very harsh, not ciliate; rhizomes short, thick svand ys Calliys. «icico\oe cls e7e icine eles wldeleie oe eeciesceisieviele Lie VAT gInica a piexolt panies eltzene: 7 ‘eas gio an: itibees. ato: ae = ple i > > a .Siitete. Stsilesse. bie holeothan 55 pbaamscedmemmmabtonetiinis aio Sble anc no. swor. ot yoy algae: wi fod baa’ i : a mx wots Kesehaane _ bea abiatigre wt. ahsinen: slapias anon fems of bosubss pisyal? sao. ta? oct nent sol ians eegeeT 2 ao. bagniw aemitemoe: i Oibi-olasca ,sesingwe ,I Boeia getaroli silt OTS i ee 43S. + Slixzese. .~Niiod ,beaws.20 galbietanco ee sowal: 5 i yIev gecwle :7s70L5. alLars?- sit anbbsesxs pamrsh ; Mutaperod ys. ek ee Siesvctebeeninseape'> thes + ape ; or : b atte led" es a , eS 7528 | 4 - c >= ~~ vit BABTEHYAAMO bows 4 sepantbere elretemy) Ge von wabhsa oxnerd vilavem Jadwaone ch unshoedA .aret eval . seerkolind niee tasn eablabsor oo Invupssivl egorbliud gitar * | 608 .c OLY. S4 aL eam tH | ae 3 FILS. i. J > = : . md , rom: RSH2O Laceel too’ misstone sur saaxod sag, ee want 66pebisg e'avoriiad .A salM§ .ootjute onO Adal yl Seo7mgenn2 ; J seblolyjosb mussegtae me eoees> basot360e8 ni bie ebsos omols Imoupszial sed evel. i 23 sesgtH .eblett Bio i = attend qov sabe te eae edsaede aod iomak: ay: a Wry ei ereres seven, TobGabe bee gtol somcsicda aie eisisiigqa ;belstsssi ton pital @uordnoe esbeid bao eftpode taal ¢Ptote eseosids petetits pases Or eee er) 4 PAS es Leersia oryzoides (L.) Wx. Rice-Cutgrass Java Farm. One station: in freshwater part of Fox Creek marsh. Hectare 3516. Associate species: Rosa palustris, Aster puniceus, Impatiens capensis. Higman 246. L. virginica Willd. Whitegrass Java Farm. Infrequent, in woods near bank of Muddy Creek upstream from entrance road culvert; also along Fox Creek drainage; also one station in old field south of old entrance road. Associate species: Onoclea sensibilis, Epilobium coloratum, Glyceria striata, Elephantopus carolinianus. Higman 141, 188, 326. Hordeae 1. Spikelets solitary at each node of rachis. 2. Spikelets placed edgewise to the rachis............ Lolium 2. Spikelets placed flatwise to the rachis. 3. Annuals, cultivated. 4) Glumesovate, S=nervediiccisceiecccees + sccsie ce es LLbEtttcum 4, Glumes subulate, l-nerved..........e2ceeeee0- Secale 3. Perennials, not cultivated; plants with creeping TF HA!IZOME Sie als ietlelieilol oils) chellerelieie\ievciele, ei cle ielel hevoieletey sverekeeleralerersi 7A @LODVACOT 1. Spikelets usually more than 1 at each node of the rachis. 5. Spikelets 1-flowered, 3 at each node, the middle one sessile and perfect, the lateral pair usually pediceled, often reduced to awns and simulating AN NVOMU CIES le releverelsyoneieier oiel chezetey elis)ieirel aie siievenelsivxeNeNelehoneerelenelm ORG etm 5. Spikelets 2- to 6-flowered, all alike, usually 2 or more at each node. 6. Spikes dense; glumes as long as the lemmas, simulating an involucre; spikelets ascending or islightly! spreading nnn. hve eG ROR... Elymus 6. Spikes loose; glumes reduced to minute awn; spikeletsrwidelly spreading. Jn). oe'en oan « Hystrix sbpatles oe iotoeqar eseMeONaTl | BOS, —: “gheusaas. a ‘ebb 36 ined tea ‘aati si \josupetial, are tvevel gest ete regenintd fests ac% goofs onle j31ev:luo baoy sonBTine yeatcage ofelounssA .hso1 -ecnezgan bio Ie ddvoa bish} bio et a0 esgeisse wisesyly sw 3eroicy muidoligd ~ebitdra ama we : ate ,88L , fal mar : SES b108 th sbonm HES ota eteisiige 8 i) pens i: Ibvitiue .etaunna £ bersenst ledavo dsamutD, os éludua seat .o jiw agnalq :bodsyiilop tor ,~aleingsts4 .f asnosing ~ehtimoas wes uo albhie ad? ,abou moas »& , barowola-t atelsdiaa Pe ee vilavav shed yetel edd .Soblivaq bos elitenos : eotisiuale hose sieve OF eve ber #4376 , baleptbeqe. SS Petes caes crores QU LOwRE A 8 stom zo S$ vilewes ,oitin Ile ,bsaswoli-8 of -§ ateisalkg? ae x -sbon dos8 ae ~bameel eds en gool #8 ssuuig jseasb asalqe gathaesue eteleiice ;oroulovelias gnttelimte +a ee+ -gutbostae ultigtia 16 ' Jie e#*#eeeeeeeeeereerwnre jawa-sfuera O35 baoubes asaude ; bse yl sips hotline 4 site EL clobhe asatetten ls ‘if @ J. a 7 Siaeren: » Ha = «, re: “skssoete StF" + ifr —_ 30. Lolium perenne L. Common Darnel Java Farm. One station: along north boundary fence, adjacent neighboring cornfield. Associate species: Clematis virginiana, Amaranthus hybridus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia. Ivy Neck. One station: waste ground around old house, near entrance road, above drainage of east fork of Scaffold Creek. Hectare 4658. Associate species: Elymus villosus, Plantago aristata. Higman 769, 863. Triticum aestivum L. Wheat Ivy Neck. One station: path to abandoned wheat field on upper Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4740. Escaped from cultivation. Associate species: Polygonum avicular, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Diodia teres, Cyperus strigosus. Higman 684, Secale cereale L. Rye Ivy Neck. One station: abandoned wheat field on upper Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4761. Associate species: Trifolium pratense, Trifolium hybridum. Higman 747. Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Quickgrass Java Farm. Infrequent: grassy field south of main buildings. Associate species: Agrostis alba, Cirsium discolor, Poa pratensis, Asclepias syriaca. Also one station beside new entrance road. Higman 829, 950. Hordeum pusillum Nutt. Little Barley Ivy Neck. One station: unpaved trail between cornfields on upper Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4771. Associate species: Anthemis arvensis, Plantago virginica, Lepidium virginicum, Rumex acetosella. Higman 697. Elymus 1. Glumes narrow, bristle-like; glumes and lemmas PLLSUEC. ce er cece eens sree eceseneceverccccssccssesssees E. villosus 1. Glumes broadened near the base; glumes and lemmas glabrous or nearly so. 2. Glumes about 1 mm. wide at the middle, the bases not bowed out; palea much shorter than the lemma. Expected (E. riparius). 2. Glumes 1.5-2 mm. wide at the middle, the bases bowed out; palea about equal to the lemma.......... E. virginicus nici ieee maaan Blo bavois bancty\oseaw + moksase and: “ato etal ‘biodies® to #rot gene to saunter avods -, absox crggrome eg set tela sisiooash akc erry ne a Bist? tusdw bsbsbesda 07 jieq snokaete ard: ioe et} : i ehiiroees peek eavidies mbxt beqeseh Oat) etatosi - +eloantneD "BEGH estate? Bibore sMUctHeviversg mundgyloe ,zalustye mptio Yin’ 08a. namakl - , eae te yetvet 41331.] 40h wulitesg 5 wohl SO ebierinxos csewied Lisi) hevsqm icoljtata on0 ~ dost el Seakseqe siacqCneA ‘iTS eyajosh .slvgatost plot'ss8 seqqm Bee puotatarty mtb! ys. ‘hatnbasty ogsiunl? sstadsyse pee {06 demath -siiseetgaa : “ae vaamel boe semulg ;sAtbi-slaetsd ,worsta som f. +. Bugoliiyv .2 Wiweh-e ote w weed ¢ ons 6 « nS m0 Vala aes oe Athol bia comuls j;s2ud ada was tesheaiglc wnieameal 08: okies = 2 suena a | asped’ oy ,albbia ods ds-sbhe sam oder y) re sermmnl ods meds sodxede doum sateg tivo beved tom + | Ag eesitnsyshawet’ ad sai a a ai char ea _ i Shil Elymus villosus Muhl. Wild Rye Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant; seems to prefer moderately moist, moderately shaded sites like borders of forest. No consistent associate species. One station at Java Farm: summit of ridge northeast of main buildings, under canopy of Juglams nigra. Three stations at Ivy Neck, near streams or estuaries. Liquidambar styraciflua canopy. Higman 831, 850, 865, 871. Elymus virginicus L. Terrell Grass Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent: dry, sandy sites near salt marshes. Two stations at Java Farm: small salt marsh on Rhode River above pier. Associate species: Asplenium platyneuron, Triodia flava, Rhus typhina, Celastrus scandens. One station at Ivy Neck: bank overlooking dry halophytic area at Sand Point, Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4860. Higman 225, 227, 1108. Hystrix Hystrix patula Moench Bottle-brush Grass Ivy Neck. One station: side of low bank at southwest border of Sand Point marsh. Hectare 4870. Junction of sand and mineral soil; shaded by forest. Associate species: Elymus villosus, E. virginicus. Higman 940. Chlorideae 1. Spikelets with more than 1 perfect floret. 2. Spikes slender, numerous, racemose; spikelets short- pediceled. Expected (Leptochloa). 2. Spikes stout, few, digitate; spikelets sessile..... Eleusine 1. Spikelets with only 1 perfect floret, sometimes addition- al imperfect florets above. 3. Spikelets without additional imperfect florets. 4, Spikes racemose; culms erect; spikelets articu- late below the glumes; salt marsh habitat....... Spartina 4, Spikes digitate; culms creeping by rhizomes or stolons; spikelets articulate above the glumes); seerrestrialijhabitat7. cries sss osceieeie + + CYnOdon 3. Spikelets with 1 or more imperfect florets above the fertile one. Expected (Gymnopogon). : f . ae Pceaicd par vor ie “eadla habade yletwesbon: 4 Jaton waders, PeaO .estoagqe adalocucn tasteiecos of .dest iB ftud stam to Sasadszon. ogkhiz to kine, Seen doe! vel te guoltints aosit pista AEB caing gore | EAS, ‘sedms Bla pi a Mean eectie yhres vith toosuper 1 Ipetvvi ‘bn eae svel (ae a newer aioe [isms “sore! oval. te anvideste owl .agdetem Jie Soo ore ewreommet tnaloege Blaioozad seb svode tovia bout Pe Wierdase 00 .anobysce suytenled .paldqys suid euelh : sSetat bras 24 s936 asitvdqolad. wrb ante ned sao petit SSS .¢SSh samgitH .Od8e 2169545H biventas4 ‘nosed t : i Cuevil in r Renn. Wade last! ff att sluieg aide a : a : “Oivvex! deowrlsiooun te Ni: vol 30 mbts inoliesa ent Vatost yi ‘A = Paves Ore Boeew) tc Gis sau! O08) 2903688 dg1sm Inio® base” 20. zt : ; H yao! f ky apery la 3 Suolneqa ’ ioAu/ tast0% yd bebade. eitog. a a | Os Ae Tanta . suo tetas ns = aa teq © onds sree dab eile: wk Troe, eisles na. , evereaye ,tsbaele asoikae: we t in5010 oJ j aanciae .bsisotbag hs oe Benes Bitanoe sisiaitge :ssatigth ,@92 ,duosa Bpdiaey Gs 2 aostieq | glee dibw ataledia® at svods agotol) Josizegah fae — eeoliihbts semlieec 3520 Jaxol] Joolrzaqal fanetithbse snooty essisdiee in ‘ —potdia ajaleitga :ji2e7s_ amius joeomes6% | aan Ree BBEII995 «++. +. iG ilel devse tee pasmely pda woled < “? iy ni uep BOM@ORTds, Md golgeasa emtua ps2034; 3 al ed? evodg wislvotsra sdign 331 SERA nese tas - Rap « +5 RECA re Re ae 32). Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Goosegrass (L), Wiregrass Infrequent, on unshaded waste ground. Java Farm. One station: rubbish pile at main buildings. Hectare 2580. Associate species: Datura stramonium, Amaranthus spinosus, Solanum nigrum. Ivy Neck. One station: near artificial pond at source of Cheston Creek drainage. Hectare 4722. Associate species: Datura stramonium, Polygonum persicaria, Abutilon theophrasti, Potentilla norvegica. Higman 499, 1001. Spartina 1. Plants robust, usually more than 1 m. tail; keel of glumes and lemmas hispid-scabrous or ciliate; blades flat (involute after drying), more than 5 mm. wide; spikelets more than 1 cm. long. 2, First glume nearly as long as the floret; second glume with an awn up to 7 mm. long. Expected (S. pectinata). 2. First glume much shorter than the floret; second glume awnless, acute or mucronate. 3. Margins of blades very harsh and scabrous; glumes strongly hispid-scabrous on the keel..... S. cynosuroides 3. Margins of blades glabrous or minutely scabrous; glumes soft-hispidulous or ciliate on the keel... .cscccevcssccccvcecsocvess Of alternifolia 1. Plants rather slender, usually less than 1 m. tall; keels of glumes scabrous; blades involute, less Ehan Sm -Wides chs ccercccee ses ssccscvioscevercevccse OS» Patens Spartina cynosuroides GidcRoth: Salt Reedgrass Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in salt marshes on Rhode River and lower estuaries, on seaward side. Associate species: Aster subulatus, Baccharis halimifolia, Scirpus robustus, Atriplex patula. Higman 59. S. alternifolia Loisel. Salt-water Cordgrass Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately ahundant in salt marshes on Rhode River and lower estuaries, and in dry, halophytic areas such as Sand Point. Associate species: Baccharis halimifolia, Distichlis spicata, Cakile edentula. Higman 115, 285. ee tabobitase +890. ‘tadb2n3a a0) «, Sega azakooenA .Eh54 easdsall pera | BS .d3genl woods: pedazush nba SLaT ec oo spnogylod °, _~ OOL 202 nbaght = Bet 2PRUZ 20 food sits? cm reddy stow vi leva ‘ soagle tedisa edoslS og fsvoydece, asmule to efesd 5 Bangey 8 ....e-0... 6, cacepeyseaene ays eae sO Nes eat Soe ea nybows 3102 | 2, (05 bab bec iuloaias sala a Seeewee Iine ci innbavds yiazereboM .Josi yi, boa wre% evel tae SGeroeGe PidiccenA shin hrewion mo (eshreviss tovoL boa: cevhe pe BeSGizIA .Suteudo: suyiss2 etlotintind siysitooae pir ie TeJaw-2122 5)5)6 S. patens (Ait.) Muhl. High-water Grass Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in drier, more inland parts of salt marshes and halophytic sandy areas. Forms dense carpets. Associate species: Distichlis spicata, Panicum virgatun, Iva frutescens, Acnida cannabina. Higman 270. Cynodon Wiregrass (L), Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Bermuda Grass Java Farm. One station: parking area at main buildings, in cracked pavement. Hectare 2580. Higman 823. ibe Agrostideae Panicle dense, spikelike. (Also, glumes as long as the lemma; articulation above the glumes.) 2. Glumes glabrous, awnless; spikelets 11-14 mm. long.... Ammophila 2. Glumes with spreading trichomes, abruptly awned; spikelets not more than 4 mm. long....cceeeccceeeeeoes Phleum Panicle somewhat open, not spikelike. (Also, lemma usually awned except in Cinna and some species of Agrostis). 3. Fruit hardened; callus sharp-pointed. Expected (Aristida). 3. Fruit thin; callus not sharp-pointed. 4, Glumes as long as the lemma or longer. 5. Callus of lemma bearded. Expected (Calamagrostis). 5. Callus of lemma not bearded. 6. Lemma minutely awned from just below the apex; spikelets falling entire............... Cinna 6. Lemma awnless or awned from the back or near the base; glumes persistent............. Agrostis 4. Glumes usually shorter than the lemma. 7. Rachilla not prolonged as a bristle behind the palea; grain enclosed in the lemma and palea at maturity. (Also, plant with slender rhizome unless first glume is obsolete)......... Muhlenbergia anal & Ds JE Bers gnbiteg— otiaieiend? -€58 ceweth .08¢L sxpjoen .Jnemereg 2 ossbiigors witli em pool ee nemulg ,oeta) (.gatmig ony Bi ddgoncA po eapeel som Al-Li etatotiqe. pedelove ,euetesta -bonwa vidqurda ,asmonoix) golteerqe (iste ee ». gaol » thi ait S200 Jan eae ladiqe pus 23, ¥ilavev sen oel&) -.etiiediqen Jon ,asqe Jadwenoe stone 1NOugA to eatoage omos bas snot) nf Jqsore Sem istoq-qvade waullas ;barobuad siya a : (ebttersa bsasaioy-qiate | -yopnef xo aowel of? es gtol te senulp he Joudke bebsaed eeuel 96 a liad . (abdeoxgnaea a3) ibassd Jon pamel 30 autled : atd woled j4u) sort Ssown ytosonim acaed> 0 Cee eoaly SU as wl ale po eo SITIO EP LEES asielasiqr jmogel yo! Naad Sc aos benwe Fo neath sents’ id « ceue bn sve eben ttetsleisq aomty part oda tn40 Ae “> mg aly pei sexes 7 ssengennsfoaslonde et . of oi / rs . 7 34. 7. Rachilla prolonged behind the palea as a bristle; or if not, the grain falling from the lemma and palea at maturity. Expected (Brachyelytrum). Ammophila Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link Sand-reed Ivy Neck. One station: beach on south shore of Sand Point. Hectare 4861. Higman 1153. Phleum Phleum pratense L. Timothy Ivy Neck. Infrequent in abandoned grassy field on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4761. Associate species: Festuca elatior, Polygonum aviculare, Hypericum perforatum. Higman 810. Cinna Cinna arundinacea L. Wood Reedgrass Java Farm. Infrequent in Muddy Creek valley; canopy of Fraxinus americana, Platanus occidentalis; understory of Lindera benzoin. Also one station at forest border of old field south of old entrance road; canopy of Fagus grandifolia and Quercus velutina. Higman 66, 850 134. Agrostis 1. Palea much smaller than the lemma or wanting, nerveless. (Also lemma awnless; plants perennial.) 2. Panicle diffuse, its long branches forking at or above the middle. Expected (A. hiemalis). 2. Panicle open but not diffuse, its branches forking at or below the middle. 3. Spikelets mostly 2-2.5 mm. long..........e.eecc. A. perennans 3. Spikelets mostly 2.5-3.5 mm. long, crowded near ends of panicle branches. Expected (A. altissima). _Anks “h ens ‘saniot Lenssad to ost déuoes no woaed Sopa eaed af olosi wt : asmg ti LO8H ore788k ae Niles endornt! UBlers aoe gh Slel> yeeary haaohaeds at aa0pstzifi sty (qetdais ie is Jga% a prosqe eserooker , fave o3838 oa g mecerh “MUSIC TIS oy pee eliaes: PSAs Bee NEP Rt, oe gé@nrgbesh bow Pymueigart Bo vqousy ,yo.lev deet) ydobutt. ni eos t 2 nghonsied Bisboht Yo yroisrsbeu ;ehisie Pblsoo auge? @anexsine bie to Wduoe bist? | » tehred tesyot 28 aoldaze ene oath. evmeent! -sAtigiey guover) bas sotoiibenty suas Io Yqoese ibeor | bEL (8 “a a -gitinew vo ameol od? asdd solleoe Goum soled mp (.tstensysq einsicq yeaslaws, samas inlA) ses fovise. $0. 9m aniddoy esdouard aool ett ut tbh wlofaat o »(etlaesidt -A) hesseqxe .eibhhia a evods, * 3a grtata! asdonayd oti ,saviIltb Jom Jud age » ekozas’ aed olbbhin wah wolted be as doce; ceeaebapdesesmaol am © .SS ae ested? ata 35. 1. Palea at least half as long as lemna, 2-nerved. (Also, ligule 2-6 mm. long; panicle branches spikelet- bearing to base.) 4, Panicle open; long stolons absent. 5. Culms erect, with strong creeping rhizomes...... A. alba 5. Culms decumbent; rhizomes wanting. Expected (A. stolonifera). 4, Panicle narrow; long stolons usually present....... A. palustris Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerm. Upland Bentgrass Java Farm. Infrequent, along Fox Creek drainage and in large field adjacent road to pier. Higman 324, 334. A. alba L. (A. stolonifera L.) Redtop Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent in grassy abandoned fields. Associate species at Java Farm: Agropyron repens, Allium vineale, Cirsium discolor, Asclepias syriaca. Associates at Ivy Neck: Eleocharis intermedia, Carex scoparia, Agropyron repens. Higman 858, 951. A. palustris Huds. (A. stolonifera L.) Creeping Bentgrass Java Farm. One station: bank of tidal portion of Muddy Creek, near mouth of tributary stream. Hectare 3437. Associate species: Brasenia schreberi, Carex lurida, Polygonum punctatum. Higman 989. Muhlenbergia Muhlenbergia schreberi Gmel. Java Farm. Infrequent, along Fox Creek drainage and vicinity. Associate species: Perilla frutescens, Duchesnea indica, Aster lateriflorus, Geum canadense. Higman 309, 318, 348. Aveneae 1. Florets 2, one perfect, the other staminate. 2. Lower floret staminate, with a long, bent, twisted awn; upper floret perfect.......eeeeeeeeees Arrhenatherum 2. Lower floret perfect, awnless; upper floret staminate, with a short, hooked awn.......-.eecesoces HOlcCus hem aS ae ee Pf otabnen, sanet el Z) “toads omeiate. eed oN, al ; ‘ete A shy besomosits gaigesys gaorte datw Jost: aml. 23 hydoagxd ‘aolkanaw eemostas + sisd mosh * pinta® 4a i y. ‘+ Gexsdnol ote ey ae = auofote gaol worth. olotant 2 smredoul (.aaW} RSENS 2 opauaal Surat fi tea sgentoexb esx xot goola ,Insyportal mrs aval : ~ACE >, ASE cewgth .retq oF baéy Inenetbs bish. Bt adfa® of goabsn Cail siohlnotes ro) babieh? becobakds yeestg of Jnaupes3oY .t094 yvi bas qed oval one by muliiéA .sasges Horyqo rh Paine avs? 3s asiosqe »telsoBeaa, * Meee 9 BESS YGOARA a pkiedooal* 1go0F yy! ts aejphvough epg eetusloeA »yolooeth mpkeg ho : Baye { (skzaqoo8 28: RSIS) 2 gibeame gan ‘ yeee ,8C8 fieeotH .agedss notys ry a 2buH alsd aul a8. L: ; Sena gTdee aniqess) Cal pink inotese Saenn? youl Yo notix6 brs 3o Anad noijsje sO .m@xSsa at : ait Seelooan esetooeaA§ .\tet ataaasd nexte yvretudina to Ajgom teen eh PONG mameil § .mesatopug mueogyiot ,sbisl meta) ,iaedeziion singenyd "aie L.tgradass ait fn (bet) tyederiiog piassdne teas pweemtoly bane saentath Jar) xci gets s Iasuperial -wtet aval gased ,ibol sacesiioutT agajeatuyy elijwed iesetosqu atskooesA "Bde ,BIE .2Of neegtk .senebens> miso a snenevA SP teed ignolt & date ys: (Cp Segeke: Sex0Lt z9qqu i aiest ar sae petcot “9A , 36. 1. Florets 2 or more, all alike except the reduced upper ones. 3. Lemmas bifid, awned from between the lobes; florets, Severals ciccccicleic sciciccilccccccessieciseeceeess Danthonia 3. Lemmas awnless, mucronate, or awned from the back; florets usually 2 or 3 (up to 6 in Avena). 4. Glumes more than 1 cm. long. Expected (Avena). 4, Glumes less than 1 cm. long. 5. Glumes shorter than the florets; lemmas awnless or mucronate. 6. Glumes unequal in shape, the second obovate and much broader than the first. (Also, plant 3-10 mm. high in species CODTeSCEED) S46 oici% oo altel eas «cles eles ells leleis «/oineie s) Sphenopholis 6. Glumes similar in shape, unequal in size. (Also, plant 3-6 dm. high). Expected (Koeleria). 5. Glumes as long as or longer than the florets; lemmas awned from the back. 7. Lemmas keeled, awned from near the apex; awn bent and twisted. Expected (Trisetum). 7. Lemmas rounded on the back, awned from below the middle. 8. Rachilla extending as a bristle behind the upper floret; plants PCHENN A alijperere sejepereeis 0 © elorekere/ silefslsits e)e/eiejeten DeSChampsial 8. Rachilla not extending; plants delicate annuals. Expected (Aira). Arrhenatherum Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Mert. and Koch Fall Oatgrass Java Farm. Infrequent along roads near main building area, and in old fields. Associate species: Triosteum perfoliatum, Galium circaezans, Houstonia purpurea, Lychnis alba. Higman 661, 716, 163) STB Ejaadat ee bavwted mot? pres ‘pris. ast nt Peet beveregy ena ds lateved evneet PRHODERME Sia Ree Ee ® a ; { Sdsed eit wort Sere: Yo esuirosolm’ ,abelmvs sites re apaye nt & O20 qn} & x0 yiievay edewels:, oop danse) bedoagx= anol sso 1 walt syok nomi 50 Tt weds, saad esaho ve. neta yeaxdde. samt) SIBRCrSUum TO Saos NA boosse sid ,sqade «1! eup ang om ‘Sevk? edz neds tebaord doom bas 632\ Beinoege ol cgis «a ~E tnaelg OU ON CEES SC Se ee »(basasifos ysude af Inupet ,oyele of telimke eould bessbqxl «(datd sob d-2 snalq oels) o(gizsiso%) A) sedeyoli sd? asd) rage 8S esanio becwr aennel fw txeve ods trs9 orl Seateot agansld « “(a degtsT) ber betdeiw? hae Jasd Woled mox? bonwe .*2 374) » bebouts sane ylbbkm ortd eisetad , Leas Jee lita ses einaiq 43 3 s4qqu 2 satded ee Li tnane yoq agaciish einald :gnibontes don siildss# (até) besoeqs® .aaeugon pusoijenonith gnetgzs0 fiat do0% baw .330M (.J) pubtels guy bre eyed ek, nia seen ebnos ghola In¢ fas ars ,aen + At Tey ay wv SVL 6 Holcus Holcus lanatus L. Velvet-grass Java Farm. One station: road to springhouse. Hectare 3417. Associate species: Melilotus alba, Taraxacum officinale, Valerianella olitoria, Duchesnea indica, Rhus radicans. Higman 800. Danthonia Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv. Poverty-grass, White Oatgrass Java Farm. One station near marshy west end of Phalaris arundinacea meadow, north of main buildings. Hectare 2467. Associate species: Glyceria striata, Lindera benzoin, Allium vineale, Carex blanda. Ivy Neck. Infrequent along banks of upper Cheston Creek estuary. Canopy of Quercus velutina, Prunus serotina, Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum. Associate species: Hieracium venosum, Amelanchier intermedia, Elymus villosus. Higman 787, 843, 872. Sphenopholis Sphenopholis nitida (Bieler) Scribn. Java Farm. One station: shoulder of old Muddy Creek Road, near entrance gate. Hectare 2473, Higman 643. Deschampsia Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. Common Hairgrass Java Farm. Infrequent on Fox Point Road and moderately abundant at Fox Point under Quercus prinus canopy. Associate species: Rhodo- dendron viscosum, Gaylussacia baccata, Kalmia latifolia, Juncus tenuis, Baptisia tinctoria. Higman 435, 645, 802. Festuceae YT. Plants dioecious. 4)a8. ult. SRUaTY 5 See. TOORSER.. ob... Distichiis 1. Plants not dioecious; flowers usually perfect. 2. Plants more than 1.5 m. tall; salt marsh habitat... Phragmites 2. Plants not more than 1.5 m. tall, usually shorter; terrestrial habitat. 1th supe el i alton chs 24, eoneustoat a *. eno Bees Yeeate , bao s fous anne fie yee Cyst) ssakge &, | opp S27 iiy ae: 2 aan Jott Im bus,isew Yevem wean notiate 900 compet, Ast i . lieesones arr aypi pall eunibliud ntam Io divoq {wobsesom sassn = ate) ,olaenty musk LA _plosasd avabubl qsistyte eprsaylS 4 items om - “ a ee epee aD | ean einys = sowed wa87) botdasd tsqqu Ye eined wooie = reupaxtes ,aosh yet i Y22 ecto bh uep bi , ene teotoeg4 essere. .yqonns | evabrtg erred vahau anket xo 24 OM goo eit Misal elmte% ,23a098d Bt eapul cee ees S68 , 244 ,4f8 remy LH etiasor ZoRSnEy sisisqesd 18h spooutesd icon gyfer oro ou eae aa ben vifavues esswol? Rare ei cay 38. 3. Lemmas with 3 prominent nerves. 4. Lemmas pubescent on the nerves and callus, the midnerve extended as a short awn. 5. Palea densely long-ciliate on upper half of keel; panicle with few spreading, few-flowered branches; sandy beach habitat. Expected (Triplasis). 5. Palea not long-ciliate on upper half of keel; panicle large and open; roadside- oldie Ered halbaitaltieleie e's aveleleie ole icles ciel hereccisehenmbGotodedia 4, Lemmas not pubescent on the nerves and Callus, AWNLESS...ceceeccccrcscceecccrecceveseeos Hragrostis 3. Lemmas with 5 to many nerves, these sometimes faint. 6. Lemmas keeled. 7. Spikelets with 1-4 empty lemmas below the FETE TELOTEES cicicrersiere s)/clc/oisisieieieisie cieelelsiersrsteieiciomUNTOla 7. Spikelets with no empty lemmas below the fertile florets. 8. Spikelets flat, nearly sessile, in thick 1l-sided clusters at the ends Of (SEPEE branches «cle cic oie sicie'e eieis'eicisleukele cl eere IDACt yds 8. Spikelets only slightly flattened, not in l-sided clusters. 9, Spikelets more than 1 cm. long; Hemma’s) AWN. sicrs srerclersiel si tialsicicichel sleilele sieielen Db OMUS 9. Spikelets not more than 6 mm. long; lemmas AWNVESS'scis:s.0 clare sicls core el olelsele erete cia mEOR 6. Lemmas rounded on back. 10. Nerves of lemma prominent, parallel. (Also, glumes not papery; all florets alike; spikelets usually green)..........+.. Glyceria 10. Nerves of lemma less prominent, converging toward the summit. 11. Lemmas minutely bifid at apex, awned from between the teeth.......cece0e0eeeece+ Bromus 11. Lemmas acute, awned from the tip or awnless. Pear. toes no Pata isa’ ‘Sevoubiatiee : Jens 4ayoqiecd.e397e2 ,banes3sli yignotia, Jon atsledtqa (hy ,toveaeta yilsuav oes penttewola We -eTon tO 7 vilauedenius sleinneareq etneld = 5275897 eemos tidy goigas to me) anol :vitsuaem ss basoazaaop «+ -ROLINEW TO gjJunim owe _neaqo sloinsg ¢gattasw eomosidy gatqestd 46 ranearedia yitove aimmel zaniqoosb so gakbesige »(tlevigtisl .£) bstosqk! .Jneke tq iwe oo OF maild zasyode yilevey eelus {fevuane akeass ar Ay %e suilas grode s.diiw ,e%eolavon ,woctAm oniaeial .etol ,a> ¢.1 pedi ssom “¢Iiaveu eowe ;oaad ond Je » (gurxotoss .8) hatoequa pautliso gisle a quedtiw ,svods bebavez .,bsogd emma oA Oc ciltaent aH gnol .mo I asd) eeal ss beac Al. 5. Panicle open, its branches spreading or drooping. 7. Lemma inflated, awnless. Expected (B. brizeaformis). 7. Lemma not inflated, awned. 8. Branches of panicle rather stiffly spreading, not drooping......0.eseeeeee+ Be Commutatus 8. Branches of panicle lax, drooping. 9. Lemmas obtuse; awn flexuous; palea distinctly shorter than lemma....... B. japonicus 9. Lemmas acute, bifid; awn straight or nearly so; palea about as long as lemma. Expected (B. arvensis). Bromus inermis Leyss. Awnless Bromegrass Ivy Neck. One station: beside trail to abandoned grassy field on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4740. Associate species: Rumex crispus, Anagallis arvensis, Galinsoga ciliata, Mollugo verticillata, Oenothera biennis. Higman 854. B. racemosus L. Bromegrass Java Farm. One station: broken pavement in Fox Point Road. Associate species: Plantago aristata, Festuca myuros, Cyperus filicinus. Higman 1112. 3B. commutatus Schrad. (B. racemosus L.) Hairy Chess Java Farm. Infrequent along new entrance road and Fox Point Road. Also one station on south-facing slope east of Muddy Creek and adjacent north border. Hectare 2458. Associate species: Allium vineale, Juncus canadensis, Carex tribuloides, Plantago aristata. Higman 788, 891, 1136. B. japonicus Thunb. Japanese Chess Java Farm. One station: old field on south side of Fox Creek marsh. Hectare 3524. Partial canopy Of Pinus virginiana and Liquidambar styraciflua. Associate species: Erigeron annuus, Solidago graminifolia, S. altissima. Higman 890. 70 antag redone et Hg Sree i: F rgakqoos’ Vhesaueadt saan ebeaatint Aad: 68 tae re ibsawe {botel2Ah Jon-smmod es Y aia ELTakte xsite2 biatian ao eeronete .8 VG webeeeusitvarresQniqoord Jon ,gosbpszge a ~ sgniqoorb ,#al etolasg 10 asdonsrd 1b. , easing ;auouxsl? awe ;sautdo ena! &. eS Smeeetedet cH ...../.cmm5! ania zsttods ylaontzerb — - Sriatesiea mee); bidid ,osuon eamnst |e enol 86 Juvods saiaq {08 efysasn xo -lelensvys 7 Beareshers suslows »2eval slorvenk sums ; Biot) ¥obe1y barobaads o2 Lkaiat shlaed folseté sop) 7567 yer a, E eeu cee. sinboores OM evatseH - .ai iis eapicr= to" pRPRRE Eat I Iey saULION sles tho Ogeniin) seem A 1) bagneoxd .amagl as aT wae ay RE t_oaOyd I sucsompoat er = ( . ; eo bani } yuu at doemavagq netoxd :oolisde en tet _BSVAD ob :sytoege saetooRae: . bardoe eho yo lel (.2° gy unm “Gone eee ean bin bSOt S2Ncyias wai. sno: Lqeupse ttn tet evel i Baeaa ybbuM to teas syoie antosi-dovoe fe “wolteia sno onta bBo, MUBEEA (t@ahs9qu aietooes\ 826% erajosll “Viebied As yoe spnetbe bee c = eeeadetnes oneroslT ,sehioludts3 xszee , elasebsnsas tee hes «2 ae ; Oe Ld Lee z in aned) sasceqs! dave? eyo inogsh a4 Mees) HOF Yo’ shie favo ao bist? blo :nottere OO Tete evel | hae Sy -gugth 2° yqoon2 tat22u% “GeSee teelooge stetooneA 2 42. Poa 1. Plants not more than 25 cm. tall; annuals. 2. Lemmas with webby pubescence at base, distinctly 3-nerved, the intermediate nerves faint, thickly pubescent on the lateral nerves and keel; plants Paley SHES sinc cats cc clellotets leis cele se oisicle selcieis co ois eleieisie's io. Chapmamiana 2. Lemmas glabrous at base, distinctly 5-nerved, somewhat pubescent on the lower half of all nerves, especially the keel; plants bright green... P. annua 1. Plants more than 25 cm. tall; perennials. 3. Creeping rhizomes present, 4, Culms very flattened, 2-edged; lemmas glabrous or nearly SO) at bases ciel. wes alte ee ececwes cesses Es. Compressa 4, Culms rounded or slightly flattened; lemmas with webby pubescence at base. 5. Blades shorter than the culm; lower branches of (panicle in a whord) Of) 5. Secs ce sceivie oe vel epratensis 5. Blades about equal to the culm in length; lower branches of panicle usually in 2's. Expected (P. cuspidata). 3. Creeping rhizomes wanting. 6. Lemmas glabrous at base, tips of lemma blunt ANd= SCATLOUS 0/001. wcle cv acc cleee ceive seviecseceves, Da nautumnalis 6. Lemmas webbed at base. 7. Lemmas slightly pubescent on the keel or glabrous on all nerves. Expected O26 trivialis). 7. Lemmas pubescent on the keel and marginal nerves. 8. Lower panicle branches spreading or reflexed at maturity; panicle erect, much longer than wide; intermediate nerves of lemma PLOMMAMEMtievensovereielofoveveKcte: sialic leveleieisie) elelesiols(eiereereni eS Vee citatals 8. Lower panicle branches not reflexed at maturity; panicle long, open; intermediate nerves of lemma faint. Expected (P. palustris). Uiesuneese MN pesd in ek aly eddew, wie bt s visotds) ,jintei asvrem aterhoorsint add ,beyiensé © SS ataetc yload bes asyvies Insscel oft ao Inebesdig S oy ys TE a eae ee ee ee ee ee ae eae a veo ¥ TIO TR Sieg ah, he ,bovred-< vyltoutdelb, seed 46 avotdaly esmiad (ey a ils tc 2ied xowol sis no Jasoeedug Jadwapok re ey ‘BAMA mas so oftSOoR Sdgkad ssnkig, piosd: sit yi petcd chick ebsinnsisg g2is2. sos tS asda stom asnald, “ JHA STq eHsion ily ankqentd x, ie sucidets cameol ;bagbs-S ~beosd20l% visv ewlyd: = a ; td a ee eee ee | biste : p i tae ; VE els 3 IO i os ae hoe semis! ~baousdali ylsdg n babavex emlgoae wi : S680 Ja Sons oRbCr radaw Asiwv es i Nee aga oot 30 wewol smino ad3 7 estaie esbalf 44 va ee te a sh 20 fw eon nay) to ok Jy pre thie. my ee S-Tp ne uw> si guns suede s9bselét %c 7 e’S 4 ; a ty to eoflomaesd yovol si ; oe BISRLOR! 4) bestoaqed ( Rit Leew ganas tia petqasx- it : : ; o ie , tauhd unmet ta eq stead jn suogdels samme} 1d "pd hacnistys ting Ps 8 +> . Sanectar (eee : e+e CMOS EROS ONG. 6 oe re ad 46 bstidew, send. = (6 Imet od3 no togoredug yiidette exc 114 13 is ies: faitaiyizra ra 8 betoaqus savis0n Lien oc suo tTtebg ® 7 ; - — at leriatam bone ‘sod .adt Ae Jebougduy Zee 3 oe 397 IGN bexal?sx xo golbesrca actvaard elsieag aewel .8 Segqok doum .229ye sialasq ;yJizeze we, : ammdl to .4avren 93etbearts tal penton mean neeegsii+ * esr sir s erdnnt ie va ddktbense 201 ides ,gool sick yp ReaseGsd ete? 43, Poa chapmaniana Scribn. Meadowgrass Java Farm. One station: broken pavement at main building area. Hectare 2580. Associate species: Poa annua, Juncus tenuis, Triodia flava. Ivy Neck. One station at border of cornfield on Scaffold Peninsula. Higman 587, 822. P. annua L. Annual Bluegrass Java Farm. One station: broken pavement at main building area. Hectare 2580. Associate species: Poa chapmaniana above. Higman 1113. P. compressa L, Wiregrass, Canada bluegrass Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in grazed woods at head of Cheston Creek estuary. Canopy of Robinia pseudoacacia, Platanus occidentalis, Diospyros virginiana. Also one station on east bank of estuary. Higman 731, 734, 876. P. pratensis L. Kentucky Bluegrass, Junegrass Java Farm. Moderately abundant; dominant species in the few remaining grass areas in old fields. Infrequent along roadsides at both Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Forms dense turf, invaded by Rhus radicans and Cirsium discolor. Higman 335, 547, 621. P. autumnalis Muhl. ex Ell. Meadowgrass Java Farm. One station: Mature forest near old entrance road. Hectare 2474, Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Nyssa sylvatica, Liriodendron tulipifera, Liquidambar styraciflua. Higman 678. P. sylvestris Gray Meadowgrass Java Farm. Infrequent; stations at old entrance gate and at bank of Muddy Creek upstream from entrance road. Canopy of mature Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera. Associate species (none at both stations): Dactylis glomerata, Galium aparine, Glyceria striata. Higman 641, 791. Glyceria ie oprkeletsmiltinear,wl=4 em. dongh, . sete. ele eae coeeeee G. Septentrionalis Borin to ‘blothares 4p sebr0d ga opktede aad AoE ACESS ,.82, one. asd sgn ae PD gatatiud peor 45 Insweved wolaad toakiste sn0_ arte ewes SSvVOUR soainamger ado Bot ;aetseqs SststooacA 08¢S siptast see CLE gaia — your tees ia ne 2297 qR0g- Rs Bees Qeu Lo ahear. Be ie a 1. iy Deel Ga abonw Sesere of rig bo & Yiledersbo AoA Oey : . i (lt el “| ern 28 bei SL " Bk355 eo biusHS grit! GOH 30 YooOray AUtee aAsetD notsgaa. an * . hee MHEG 2220 WO Hose )u Le AB LIke Beets BO Svea rae ant 09d : | a ! V8. , PE) 0) ceagit ey sites Se - Sean TReNLE iousand » Bi SusJare 4 ae esegonvt 7 ye wes OF) cl @afaeys Inasineo snebniuga vis? no Mint erat ay [ ee WHO! eba07 ary la Iqo8ups fi SUi¢h? big mt gs f PuATR go latenscoes a iy 1 guild Wd bobs v ot : by ' : eu igh wey esi ¢ % ove dsod ‘a . Lae | Jiovek> mokets) bre: BRIER SHA tTavobeo! 7 Pp @ i: He pil agnosie 5 J iw - SORGY GIc8 sl ce eon ; we >AOZ2698 Si 0 bevel ee a BEAR seis ysis) . 9 Sia SURBT Yo yoosd . AVAS S2asoemaag Aéeto v0 beoM Vet atysaovive A Bee ee Pah 2349 Soosiine blo 26 enotiyia jIpsupentol | irial evel : Beeet Pitas to yqons) .baocy oorssi$ aoth esortequ desk? ghhuw ge Be Bion) Asizagqe eisisoesA .p et RES nox, seanirt: Beteovid .sntiess gulls ,aiazamoig ablyss + (eookiada i gs NilT Dy “a etrsovid ; Laan i bye AVeae were i 7 ae ATA P YEA ts. eid - »92~i gual: a ’ : ‘ wr ne 44, 1, Spikelets ovate, 2-7 ‘mn. long. (Also, panicle open; lemmas prominently nerved; first glume less than 1 mm. long; florets crowded toward ends of branches, OREEN) PULP ISH recites eiele a's! sre elelcrer eke efels cite ae steleletetetors cH) Gi SEETatal Glyceria septentrionalis Hitche. Sweet Grass, Floating Eastern Mannagrass Ivy Neck. One station: moist, grazed woods at head of Cheston Creek estuary. Hectare 4733. Canopy of mature Platanus occidentalis, Diospyros virginiana, Liquidambar styraciflua, Robinia pseudoacacia. Associate species: Glyceria striata, Poa compressa, Carex crinita, Carex tribuloides. Higman 735. G. striata (Lam.) Hitchc. Fowl Meadowgrass, Fowl Mannagrass Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant in stream valleys, moist woodland, etc. Principal stations are at head of Cheston Creek estuary (described above) and at shore of Muddy Creek, upstream from culvert of old entrance road (Java Farm). Associate species besides those listed above: Panicum clandestinum, Lindera benzoin, Carex blanda, Duchesnea indica, Danthonia spicata. Higman 180, IBOLI32. 14529756, 790% Festuca 1. Blades usually 4-8 mm. wide, flat. (Also, plants tall perennials, not densely tufted; lemmas awnless except in F. elatior forma aristata). 2. Spikelets 8-15 mm. long, 6- to 11-flowered; panicle contracted; Nemmas acute s.'t. cee eeisin see cece be elattor 2. Spikelets 4-6 mm. long, 2- to 5-flowered; panicle diffuse; lemmas obtuse. 3. Spikelets lanceolate, scattered at tips of branchlets; glumes and lemmas appressed. Expected (F. obtusa). 3. Spikelets ovate, close together; glumes and Vemmas, Loosely, aScending ese ccisise sie oe oele eee els eile sh. paradoxa 1. Blades usually less than 1.5 mm. wide, involute or, if flat, less than 3.5 mm. wide. 4, Plants annual; stamen 1. (Also, lemmas glabrous). Jen ee eed eee ‘at? | = (iu dea past, omulg text? ybovied: yitaeatn oc vzsitonasd ‘to abva byswo2 betes aes PAD ares tiperseseeesesn res ernsennn sess OH L gukteols 2 " @hargsaaelt ; _aoivas bo baad 46 aboow hbesera ,Jstom snolved46 and siloet eye satel sivtam 2 yqonsd ~ Cel) axetosl .ereulee sda bivpht” .scpintssty: som 16 sisasy (Oo yealosqa ete ny ht pabho Lees 3 2 eS | q as slosh 4 te Poss : vr eet yObEaH hwo" 3 al): 7 Heetpbens (wot : : ( Prt 1A eee eee ELT - psirieey ex) ~Beastamos £0T Weiis ee Grebauds viotexobon at Josaipetin aa5y frm mint sve. ce * brad 76 #%A Bireljase sTonkw! 535 ,bhblbeav s.fom .vvollsv mpsaam mene vobeM % s¥otc- 25 baa (svode beditses))> BuIaS BOs i“ neseede ‘i peaatitgg ; Crt avel) beOT SOnBR7INn : ; sylus mor Times Demy 6 fie awwode het avon’ -rabtesd abrogga . ,0es faery we yRrry abiro d3me0 ,esitbal pansensut ,ebaeld’ Sete i} act A mtaato , , i isveu zobeles eh : bet rea aémrai pbss75 yids elornnaszeq tsi ; | (ateiatte vet ls ph agsoKs : byey ey Sy ae -0. , o2 om CiI--%8 2intadigg = ; a ose eacmal jhytosticos slakineg™ a ' ss = ? siolneq ; Li~2 $ .anol. ..m d~* 57s ia Lolkge™ b) seirtdo satastl seu2tib ; 5 eaii as bexstis2e ,stalosoaal esoledtigd ae -bseestena ccoamel bos esuvtg -23s. Dione Cmauido (i) bossaqet™ him eenmris j;1sd3eg03 seofo ,87a"6 gis fathae at! oan Os ee ST) ; “ gsc @tulown: ,ohtw ,ae 2.2 apd? meet ‘ee Lauree es csbiv ma G46 ait Ey | taeda lg) wens! some 45. 5. First glume much shorter than the second; awns abowe cmap Mlon es tyelereratele selene chelevelare elalsleieicleleietelers (Mel MYUGOS 5. First glume 2/3 to 3/4 as long as the second; AWS )3) EOL DS mm sp MONS. « <\seies «iieleie sissies ee claieialeleleeeien H OCtOL Lora 4, Plants perennial; stamens 3. (Also, culms densely tufted). 6. Culms somewhat decumbent at base; base reddish, the basal sheaths becoming fibrous shreds....... F. rubra 6. Culms erect; base not reddish or shreding. Expected (F. ovina). Festuca elatior L. Meadow-Fescue Ivy Neck. One station: abandoned grassy field on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4772. Associate species: Phleum pratense, Trifolium arvense, Hypericum perforatum. Higman 809. Festuca paradoxa Desv. Fescue Java Farm. One station: beside new entrance road. Hectare 2582. Associate species: Panicum clandestinum, Vicia sativa, Lepidium campestre, Melilotus alba. Higman 833. F. myuros L. Java Farm. One station: broken pavement on Fox Point Road. Associate species: Plantago aristata, Cyperus filicinus, Dianthus armeria. Higman 807. F. octoflora Walt. Six-weeks Fescue Ivy Neck. One station: west shore of Cheston Creek estuary. Canopy of Quercus velutina, Acer rubrum, Juglans nigra, Liquidambar styraciflua. Associate species: Glyceria striata. Higman 742. F. rubra L. Red Fescue Java Farm. Infrequent; road to springhouse. Hectare 3417. Associate species: Taraxacum officinale, Poa pratensis, Rhus radicans. Higman 1109, 1110. Andropogoneae 1. Spikelets all alike, perfect. (Also, spikelets surrounded by copious soft hairs; lemmas awned). Expected (Miscanthus, Erianthus). sm ton aa nals corgnta: ten amg #3 on Akron Sey hea re & is Sih eas ons 26 gaol: ae ale 93 es anata desk Pa ests sdicawe ev se sanel Paliisss 2 63 o oe Nidan wins ,oelA) = SXSmeds sfatawatiat oa bi : + Chortagy (eee Meibbet bead iseed te tesdavoob Jsdwemos amigo wel ; Wp. 2 i ae ~abeyhe- evoxdr? watmooad adisela Isesd sdt> 4) rea sgatbesda xo dekbbax dom sasd p39R75 amir ae | i(agive <3) besoequi gunest~wobsar wf totjels. saa bkoties® no blait veeexa basobasda tiolisia sn0) aban avi. or: } eeaneIniy gusidt . seetoage sJatooas/,. .S\\hoeks309H " aloenteal ae 208 namgth .aussyoise¢ muolteoyli sosceviy mud io gone . veal |sxobasaq Be eee eratoull .bacx sonextag wou obtved, tonljac2 saQ) ~.oet avet iputhiqes ,sviiee atolV 3 : ; sheot aahot set wo Jnomeveq asdotd isotisita sav mad aban ; Suisigih ,spnlotlid eursay) 53838 tig epsingls sestosqe atateaelll aan (08. memgth nae SUGSSR ajouw-xi2 tisk sro tteIag 2g eae ‘ = , r+ abc ara das13 qogead) ic syeds dese tnoksaje sn: .ADS eed, - v b2 ups ti , 3954 enalsyl sBUIGUT IAA »~eRbiuley 37 eustaup to mit itsdod .2 agelotlea ;babyaed Jon asboi 34 Be Mees 6 eee ee dene BOL pom O.5 Juous LS esbef{d ,oatA) ,vidalsad-sdiead2 .¢ iia : ee MR SOODGGLS wT we ee eee eee ee O50M TO Bbw Mo 2 _ i mbeld .woalh) 2 ue t mett aesl ejsiet¥ing Ai C0 ee: rovG yifeuev _ ie or bien ie y asbald +AG té& Steud Atjatlaties «bh ee i. bas2gGgx" yaqga G2 saed mo7t gaisegqes —— _ -(muklotiijauagne A) esbsid :2 is stnuneiie, fon ataleAhqe? aVk yvisato1jsx Jon afjeods ,otLA) sarlbvosdio - (sanite 7 : ; -aool vam £-8 (és 1) pefugtd pBh.. cam , ,jaewol sd tud Lis 20 ,atlseed@ .25 am @-) Siugi! ,oelA) .euordsle mop ©. Feel anol mmc. aisiediqe, pgabh 9) 2 Fe f . avozdala ol>iaeq io abxs (pobtll sey ,=g Wtemtedbai! .3) beasecai vloe cio 39” al wr wy . la Sate 19, Sheaths pubescent. (Also, culms and spikelets usually so). 20. Spikelets not more than 2 mm. long. 21. Ligule 1-1.5 mm. long. Expected (P. tsugetorum). 21. Ligule 2-5 mm. long. 22. Axis of panicle glabrous or puberulent. (Also, spikelets 1.3-1.6 mm. long). Expected (P. meridionale). 22. Axis of panicle pilose. 23. Spikelets 1-1.3 mm. long. Expected (P. leucothrix). 23. Spikelets 1.6-1.9 mm. long. 24. Culms, sheaths, and blades velvety.ccscccceecececeeee P. Lanuginosum 24. Culms, sheaths, and blades spreading-pilose. Expected (P. huachucae). 20. Spikelets about 2.5 mm. long. (Also, culms, sheaths, and blades densely villous). Expected (P. villosissimum). See Appendix 1. 18. Ligule absent. 25. Nodes bearded. 26. Spikelets 1.3-1.5 mm. long............ P. microcarpon 26. Spikelets 2 mm. long or more. Expected (P. mattamuskeetense). 25. Nodes not bearded. 27. Plant velvet-pubescent throughout. Expected (P. scoparium). 27. Plant not velvety throughout. 28. Sheaths pilose or hispid. “hea wats set) Pree ednases (en) 3 then Tene rectal : anos «tn & mas ease 00 asaleiige ae a boszequ gaol jm oe Riscoht is (quyotague 8) vatol mm &-S elught ke” sumeiowsdeq 16 sucrdsly slotarng Yo etxA .SS : Pi Saivet Lt etefstiqan ,oalA) ipa o ~{olgootbt tom ‘fom «> bstasqxd iA gOS betta ioe genitg sioiusd to ala .oS8 : ; ; ier f smaol- am €,[-). siulastae. £5 oe! mi, , \ Poo ” : , ae eAxignvosvel .f) hsetneqxd = la Sete NES, #2) mero ,om al-d,l etalotig?’ ,f¢ a at eehe!ld bis ,efstesia , amit bt SS DE ee ee ere o. OGbaid bos ,eftdcots ,aelod , Af i. Te beasoayet § .aeollg-patbasras bs i) , : A yutseui 9) . s ; eae J ae oa : ‘aa Ve L ch i ad yOu LA) Hit0 C+ tueda ataloaiiqd .0f a — ¥Viganéh asteld tan ,adtaadh., amtus ae oh wkbmaqgA 252 -temeteeteoiity .4) hetoeasd 4 Cevelity ‘ ie . Insedo alight BP 7 Te, i. va - 7 : 1 " babrusd? gebot 2 : ~ | #35 faatqe Ox ' ae 24 25 MN »2nol rom 19 gtol .om S etelTedage . 6h | Seaniosisueszisa .1) basoequtl -babxaed Jax “anor sauoniguandy anaeddug-soulo inert a 54. 20 Billadeswe2memen wad Chote MOTO cvs lsvekeierareions suchen . P. clandestinum 29. Blades less than 1 cm. wide. Expected (P. addisonii). 28. Sheaths glabrous or puberulent. 29. Spikelets spherical. (Also, blades cordate, white-margined). Expected (P. polyanthes). 29. Spikelets ovate. 30. Spikelets 2.3-3 mm. long. 30. Spikelets less than 2 mm. long. Expected (P. columbianum). 31. Culms glabrous or nearly so; blades 1.5 cm. wide or more....... P. commutatum 31. Culms puberulent; blades not over 1 cm. wide. Expected (P. ashei). Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. Java Farm. One station: border of salt marsh on tidal portion of Muddy Creek. Associate species: Spartina alterniflora, Rumex verticillatus. Higman 290. P. capillare L. Old-witch Grass Java Farm. One station: small old field north of main buiding area. Hectare 2580. lLonicera japonica and Vitis vulpina dominant. Higman 539. P. virgatum L. var. spissum Linder Switchgrass Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in salt marshes, especially the more inland parts. Associate species: Distichlis spicata, Pluchea camphorata, Spartina patens. Higman 89, 344, 440, 973, 1027, 1050; W055. P. anceps Michx. Java Farm. Infrequent in woods between Muddy Creek and Phalaris arundinacea meadow, north of main building area. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Platanus occidentalis, and Quercus alba. Associate species: Lindera benzoin, Glyceria striata, Onoclea sensibilis, Duchesnea indica. Higman 181, 474, 1111. eb es toe & ae palais nebnia eS B Linoetbhs +3) ‘basosgxd ee a Lsaslrodug 10 evoxdels arliand® 8 9) |e aebea td ,caLa) i ee ets iatiq?e 48 besseqzee 4 (beatgrem-atiny ,otabane See (eetigeyioy va , «Steve adalsitad: 2s r enol .mm €-6,.8 etaloedtae of ral enor oon aadd aesl Bialattqe Oe ae »(munstdmutoas .7) batssquil yeas, i son vwitesn xo euondedg atiud .tt ok i Gemdmgummon 1S .......970m to shiv .mo ¢.[ avbheld le s —— \ e ® ae : f s9V0 ton eebsid ;tealinecug an = ft {joras. .4)\ betosqxi ah Ev om , Molasoq labia iy desam glaa io 3296300 ire g338 sim wis T svet us Vxemet jpxoltiicntls eatizey2 eetosqe ssetooaas 19970 \ybbu age 05 mowptH .episll ise sere Aee30 fosiw-bio J stslitags Wi Boibivn mlem to fsxon bisit bio Iism mottese soa0 °.mre¥ evel je anedbmob soigluy atity bus stooge! sxsoimod ,08h) pxejosh _ eee ‘A CE? prompE ‘i asAtgioi iw? tobnt!) sueatde «tev ot meer eye 2, poetatast tise fi jxeboudn yflazazeboM .dosii.yvl bras eet evet. asiteid .igetosye eisinoesA. «.eiteq. basinal, sxem eng vilsissges TOT whXe ye SAE cs noua enezey ogi sac 2 sisted . ees : : -fe0L , 2 vedoB eqeone 44 : anit oe weo73 “ebbult maewiod wboow mt ioonpatinl are ‘aval rT Re-yqons> seve getblted atem Io ps wobsea sapamkbm D0 P. microcarpon Muhl. Java Farm. Infrequent in Hog Island salt marsh, near landward margin. Associate species: Panicum virgatum, Cyperus filicinus, Juncus dichotomus. Ivy Neck. Infrequent on west shore of Cheston Creek. Associate species: Danthonia spicata, Hieracium venosum, Panicum commutatum, Rosa carolina. Higman 303, 446, 847. P. commutatum Schult. Ivy Neck. One station: west shore of Cheston Creek. Canopy of Quercus prinus, Quercus alba. Associate species: Danthonia spicata, Hieracium venosum, Panicum microcarpon. Higman 848. P. clandestinum L. Java Farm. Infrequent along Muddy Creek valley and Fox Creek drainage. Associate species: Geum canadense, Carex blanda, Danthonia spicata, Muhlenbergia schreberi, Perilla frutescens. Higman 87, 3089322), 0/185: 832. Panicum lanuginosum Ell., var. fasciculatum (Torr.) Fern. Ivy Neck. One station: abandoned unpaved road through forest on Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera. Associate species: Houstonia purpurea, Juncus tenuis, Vernonia glauca. Higman 841. CYPERACEAE 1. Flowers unisexual, the staminate and pistillate in the same or in different spikes (the latter resembling spikelets). 2. Achene naked, bony, supported on a disc. Expected (Scleria). 2. Achene enclosed in a sac (perigynium) borne in the axil of a bract or scale. (Also, culms mostly triangular; leaves with sheath, ligule, and midrib; spikes in axils of leafy or scalelike bracts, often aggregated into heads)....csecescceveceeeveee Carex 1. Flowers perfect, spikes essentially uniform. 3. Spikelets 1-2-flowered, with 2-many empty basal scales. Expected (Rhynchospora). 8270: mojesta Yo exe jasv ao sngupertal. eeedumime ste gumnney. mikogze i »22sotqe ; "NAB. gORR -LOE. Gomgh [te waged .dsex) nesacdd Io stode Inew saottase and wloot wie, oPive Mahood tinG :2etooqa asia taaeas Bd28 BuQ79uG 5 auokas Bus ‘ * 868 tenwkH soonest tot mined, masa Ory g rt et i bees sia foe ee Weasd wot bas yeifskw dsaxD vbbuM gaols tnsupesxini .wied BYBL: Bhoodaand Bhogid xers) ,geangbaaso mig) . vestosqe stelooweh .a§ ave ia sMppssnjus? ullixsd «htadartiios etaredas iam ye She 28% eos Ro s6a502 fguotlt beor bovaqay benodasd: roljsie onD doa Yves. "i Buges «eniduiey avo19vp , adie guoyoy) Yo ¥qonB. iLuenioel biepite atenseinl. savlinde stoinoues Lig? osbrabotahd ~ebiots S68 meng! ,etune? gust .somee : : W SATIAAS i iM ' + = em got 408 Ail pei fiseta | bis. gt2netmsze an i? .lewrseteg eyoval ee is336) a3) asdige 2 12th ah 4o some Stale ssolexkqe gokidnseet th s bo badszoegqua ,yhod badan: apelae 3! a : (etx9E98) besonget ae nt erred (aulirygtz9q) 56a # mt beeolone oonteh visoom amins ,o#fA) sles so t2axd 2 tof idixbior bas. ,efegil ,diacde ditw aeveel pxéiugeetay ne ' ,eioeid oiilsiace 1 ytsel to alien ae > BBIOD y~ 0s oe ede deber evs sues labood otal betsgorage =~ 5 eta aux a : > rLintanveen/ 56, 3. Spikelets many-flowered (if only 1-flowered, the spikelets in densely glomerulate heads with 2-ranked scales), with 1 of the lower scales empty (more in Eriophorum). 4, Scales of spikelet strictly 2-ranked, folded lengthwise and keeled. 5. Inflorescences terminal simple or compound umbels or glomerules; flowers without perianth bristles; achene without a tubercle or enlarged style-base..... Cyperus 5. Inflorescences axillary, from leaf sheaths; flowers with a perianth of bristles; achene capped by a long tubercle. Expected (Dulichium). 4, Scales of spiklet spirally arranged (sometimes 2- ranked in Eleocharis, with single terminal spikelets). 5. Achene crowned by a persistent bulbous tubercle. 6. Culms naked, the basal colored sheaths usually bladeless; spikelet terminal; perianth of bristles) often Present: ee ' rerun , hugwa-nGol , bSvisiet : sibdbin (i 9 5baganc 4 esrensA ff 3554 “i oi Ja sovusn—l estate = (SsJucas @ yours? eenSnoe s5a7TH3 sama tic ra 2 Lf ; é Ss dngaeteteq ,aneos off file eumimtszeno si¢ie «tL saqxd .bsaearbnk 4a .snadoe of dotw bersiversis sivis .£1 ,auoubraeb dagast eda yd bsqolevns yteaoio sensioé Ot qo gaefdjsore added rataygrq ,o& yitssa to telu:; 13 qiseuide staygiiet sef ~BROT. Bias 39). 15. Perigynia sharply triangular in cross-section; plant pubescent. Expected (Triquetrae). 14. Achenes not closely enveloped by the per- igynia or, if so, the bracts strongly sheathing. 16. Beak of perigynium strongly bidentate; leaves septate-nodulose. Expected (Hirtae). 16. Beak of perigynium at most shallowly bidentate; leaves not septate-nodulose. 17. Bracts long-sheathing, or at least thesilowersoness soe. sa. Geeee.ce ee | Laxitloraes (ps) 66) 17. Bracts sheathless or the lower ones short—sheathing. scac.scersecnsscs Nirescentesy (ps 00) 12. Perigynia and foliage glabrous. 18. Style not articulated, continuous with the achene, persistent, indurated. 19. Perigynia subcoriaceous, firm. Expected (Paludosae). 19. Perigynia membranaceous. 20. Perigynia obconic or broadly obovoid, truncately contracted into long, subuilatet beakea: «sche meeeiieee ces sce, Sqlarrosaegcps 61) 20. Perigynia lanceolate to ovoid or globose- ovoid, not truncately contracted. 21. Perigynia lanceolate or ovoid- lanceolate, tapering into the beak. Expected (Lupulinae, Collinsiae, Folliculatae). 21. Perigynia broader, abruptly con- tracted into the beak, usually strongly ribbed. 22. Perigynia finely and closely ribbed. Expected (Pseudo-cyperi). 22. Perigynia coarsely ribbed. ie vigande stayghisd .éf dasveatoa 300! pRolioosreeors (aatdsnnixt) aa ii arcane Sh Jas agmoias » AE x syaq att yd baqolsvne ¢lasets vignowje atoard ed ,98 2: .20 siaygt gatdtasnes \ Lasetmabht yi gnos: oe minigtyet td teeh .oL 2 > ~~ . va (ap txih) hes9oqx eanlubog-sisiges esvesl ~*~ i viveliads Jeon tu °owinygiysd jo dnok OL . | eeelubor-sisjqen Jon asvesl ;oratashid 3 5 Le ne iS Wassl Io ‘yO. , gtisissda~s P I J eand taveol ont YO £89) djseda atoatd a MMMEMEESARY ice casey eee yee Siidosaderstoda ; ar ie ; uuotdely opaticat brs ataeghvet «Sh ie ais #3h6 cuountidos ,badaluntixs. on alyae 8h 2 bat ,teetblayaq- ,eredoe t mh besbeqxs " ,sugecaliosdye aimratasd. . buted) ia ea ~byovoda yibaosrd yo sinmoo ¥otasd .OS ’ ea) P i tz 226 4 83 ue a D —secdola to biova nz stslosonet atnoyetied «0S "saa / » - : sPSIDeISOOD Yias thor Zon ,dLovO *“biove to sislosonel sievgired «1h sMaod Sift osnt amet aoRe pin ioasnat seatenils soantivoc!) barssexd > pa Slat: pa tt NA AAS (gesiuo si ioy —1o2 yliqurds ,rebso1d sinvgized «LS yileirew ,desd 53 ota ba3o"75 -beddis ylganzse eiaaola bus: ¢len: alespiar: 85 . | . | cer te abeast iutoes ntoystzes iS , ri a 60. 23. Perigynia 7-10 mm. long; achenes 2-3 mm. long, 1.25- 2s 2 Sammi BWA Ges Peversidore chelaeheisieiers Vesa cardiae (pe) Oo) 23. Perigynia 10-20 mm. long; achenes 2.5-6 mm. long, 2-4 mm. wide. Expected (Lupulinae). 18. Style articulated with the achene, at length deciduous. 24. Achenes strongly constricted at base, rounded at apex; lower pistillate scales bract-like. Expected (Phyllostachyae). 24. Achenes not strongly constricted at base, short-pointed at apex; lower pistillate scales not bract-like. 25. Lower bracts sheathless or short- sheathing. Expected (Shortianae, Atratae, Gracillimae). 25. Lower bracts long-sheathing. 26. Bracts bladeless or with rudimentary blades. Yoq0dad« , dHalw so eeolebeld satoard 0s Uy Ge-..4) Berora ie t 11. .+s vase es t9beld voasnentbor oan i esbald bscofevaeb-ilew diiw, e25014 «OS H ra wa > ~nitaeiea silt y haaqt eetiot § “ae Sedaogxd «Aneiviscug 10 Inmsoesoug a ' (959% ppami li toa) 7 = aon A i See ieee 4 va i Ly SLB Yas» ' = 4 - » -(spattxe) bstaaaxd bean +0 -oJauigyase 2eom 3h ALOU ~esegacis asdiqe atulitigid -0f : so .oltbailys o3 reaatl waWol ot ,cslomvbeq szabasla § sloygizeg ;ackquosb yiiavay eens. Vitalie tacit. a t -be3 . digits! ta. ,Snsios sis Asiw ‘bodelantasa oleae BL. vignovie, denedoA .eeqe 28 sali -topxd SArr ated ssywol :xadn Js bsaning ektiinaserd jon esisse ~ me ~sseinehid muitovslie¢ to 2808 Bs Age .85 ~. «BUOUD. teh. ag babaver, ~ garadod, bs prods 61. 29. Pistillate spikes short, oblong or linear, erect or, if drocping, either on long capillary peduncles or with the perigynia sharply trigonous. 30. Perigynia with numerous fine impressed nerves. Expected (Oligocarpae, Griseae). 30. Perigynia with few to many strongly raised nerves. 31. Perigynia rounded at the base, suborbicular in cross-section, loosely enveloping the achenes. Expected (Granulares). 31. Perigynia tapering at the base, trigonous, closely enveloping the achenes. 32. Rootstocks elongate, often with long horizontal stolons. Expected (Paniceae). 32. Rootstocks not elongate, without long horizontal Stollonse.eedece sede Laxitlonrae) i (pis 66) Keys to the Species Section Squarrosae. 1. Perigynia shorter than the rough-awned scales, 14-20- ribbed; terminal spike usually staminate, narrowly linear, .5-2.5 mm. long; ligule not longer than wide or slightly so; achenes about 1.5 mm. long..........-. C. frankii 1. Perigynia much longer than the scales, several-ribbed above; terminal spike with pistillate flowers above, staminate ones below; ligule much longer than wide; achenes 2.2-3 mm. long. _molte ‘ode potloe szai! rite ee (on ae Owe, BRIE L zee re i q ysalirges ROL 66 Yad Tho ‘Ee pa a - “eqande BEDE ISe 40 Hate ta: ; Ra Oe reuoRt scala =, ee evoramin: daiw Abingginne OF 267 t98n iad endl sind ; Tvsgont0 ;geararogrtS) bayonexl Wome -ot wei diiv atovgized ,0£ mevien hyelnos vincoris om babauoy Bluveiast Le “ie walextdsadve Jobad on3 ; ; Vameool ,agkiawa-reoyo of +, , riley or? 8a Ego fouvns Ann} b6t25qKq r ePuoONORT i] J240 ‘4 aii anigyoleviim Yierols ay -shaorsaups notinag =OF-8! ,solnse benwn-dgvor eda o€d2 secrete alnyptist we ¥ lwo za: stacrlowen vileuauv odtqs faninws? .beddie shiv oana tedrol Jon slugil jack «mm C.S88. Semone | te Sivas Oe eee om ¢,£ suoda eensise pom Ulsdgi is ag beddiy-Isisevar ~apleoe of9 medd segnol dome Bhaggiees fe = Yevods erevol? stellizetg dtiw sthqe leckerss yaveds: am pebiwerads tagmo! dove alvgit ~whled gene etapkaadeg a onal tin E~S 4 i é gi" Pray 7 ae 6 a is a iw 62. 2. Beaks of perigynia appressed-ascending; spikes oblong-cylindric; achenes obovoid, their sides concave; pistillate scales mostly blunt; style straight below. Expected (C. typhina) 2. Beaks of perigynia widely radiating; spikes oval or oblong-oval; achenes linear-oval, their sides almost flat; pistillate scales acute to short- awned; style strongly curved below............c¢++- C. squarrosa Carex frankii Kunth Sedge Java Farm. One station: beside old entrance road near junction with road to springhouse. Hectare 3408. Associate species: Juncus tenuis, Agropyron repens, Verbascum blattaria. Ivy Neck. Infrequent; at edge of woods near drainage of Cheston Creek. Canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Platanus occidentalis, Diospyros virginiana. Higman 797, 859, 1020. C. squarrosa L. Sedge Ivy Neck. One station: west bank of upper Cheston Creek estuary. Canopy of Quercus velutina, Acer rubrum, Juglans nigra, Liquidambar styraciflua. Higman 744, Section Bracteosae. 1. Sheaths loose, mottled with green and white, usually septate-nodulose dorsally; leaf-blades 4.5-8 mm. wide. Expected (C. aggregata, C. sparganioides). 1. Sheaths tight, not mottled or inconspicuously so, nor septate-nodulose dorsally (except sometimes in C. leavenworthii); leaf-blades 1-4.5 mm. wide. 2. Perigynia distended and spongy at the base, usually wide-spreading or reflexed at maturity. 3. Beaks of perigynia smooth, scarcely exceeding the acuminate, deciduous scales. Expected (C. retroflexa). 3. Beaks of perigynia minutely serrulate, much exceeding the obtuse or somewhat acute, persis-— tent scales. 4, Stigmas long, slender, seldom twisted, light reddish; perigynium tapering into the beak; leaf-blades 1-2 mm. Wide. ..sccsssescceereesee C. Yosea “pant a maken to elsod or: ti ybidvodo vansdas yskrbet. Iyoeynolds Cores vtngtd Yiseon aninon stelizsalg ,avBaToOD ine / Ceebigyy 2) basoaqnt .ywoled Jsigiare - fabiw stnvatieq to ined Ss fave aoalae. agaksia Bt ¢ Gabed sheds. ,fevoe~teant! esrotas jLsvo-gmoido, to ~tiode OF,.S3055 paris gtelitzelq sist? tkomia 7 a Bs] oreo pi ayRoIee heavy elarosss slyis Beale ' ayhed . did Eblnex 2 sau ian a orren? wer baor soysrics iio eshitsad tnoerjssgs snO eral Bvt Px Al , Syn pagirage Sea tanoesA 8080 oust4ok sao ne Pare OF paex td aan : ¢ ; ne na ~Biteziuld museedssY .epsqes sorygorRs ahumer i EEL LEST set ALM TA EY. 1 tt Yonge. oteeds 70 Beentawh xs90 abodw ache ts j;2neupeatini «Aaah yee oe (ti piaehlooo kureialT ,sulitonsyis indmebiuptl To, yqunEal toed ie OSO£ ecb Tel mamgit oaginioake agbad wl seortaguee fa i J VUpaudas Naor geageend seygu Io Anaad Jsow ror Ta opt xnen evi i Radmaibagld ,exgtn goulyul. .murdix sek ,suijuley guozeu to yqomEe >) feanearh 1B : 2 Bs eh es. #215 ie : ~SR20CI 1 ri notjoae yilavusau ,a7i a neata diiw BSid4 _anool afteank. i ,BIRRS ! )) beissqud ‘ , glave i oF. ni fobs anInade oF nk mi3- 732 B2TOD f (uSon-s2eIgen ton ute . : a zat im? ¢ a WA NMBs 155 LrInvirowns yess rs | f an I i eiiasev e40 } 36 YRtIOdA OAS BSORSIBID stovglzet oh f tiyutjam Je baxeslins To getosesge ahiw eothbegoxe yleoisce ,fioome atoya_hseq Jo esned 4f baao9qra sefeca avoiibiosb ,atsnievan ef . (exsizorisy 4.0) foum ,steiossse zisiguioa ahirepiteq, To saad | af ~ebayeq .#2056 Yalwemon, to seutdo aay me a oo re #3 4 i dight jbaieiwy modise ,tebasls ,ga0! ude x a ‘daod ad? osnk pal saqa3 oes i 2 @eraetewerssesearereees ee seabiw 63. 4, Stigmas short, stout, strongly twisted or contorted, deep red; perigynium abruptly contracted into the beak. 5. Leaf-blades (1.5) 2.5 (3) mm. wide; perigy- nia 3.3-4.5 mm. long, 6-20 per spike...... C. convoluta 5. Leaf-blades 1 (1.75) mm. wide; perigynia 2.3-3 mm. long, 2-6 per spike. Expected (C. radiata). 2. Perigynia not distended and spongy at the base, mostly ascending. 6. Inflorescence ovoid or oblong-ovoid; spikes densely capitate. 7. Scales much shorter than bodies of the perigynia. 8. Perigynia broadest below the middle, round-tapering at the base, with raised margins ventrally; beaks long, serrulate.. C. cephalophora 8. Perigynia broadest at the truncate-cordate base, flat ventrally; beaks short, smooth. Expected (C. leavenworthii). 7. Scales slightly shorter to longer than bodies of the perigynia. 9. Culms lax; perigynia faintly nerved dorsally. Expected (C. mesochorea). 9. Culms stiff, erect; perigynia usually strongly nerved or ribbed dorsally; stigmas MONG SLENGEST cieiccc aisle ele 'ele sieielelersieicicierete eelsiesio Oa MUMLenbengalar. var. enervis 6. Inflorescence oblong or linear-oblong to elongate and interrupted; spikes not capitate. 10. Spikes all aggregated; inflorescence 1.5-4 cm. long; sheaths concave or convex at the mouth. 11. Scales reddish-brown to purplish-red; perigynia few nerved dorsally; sheaths not thickened at the mouth. Expected (C. spicata). agente ete ates nal ori ots i ee ‘ae yaad sid o2nt, hagoer2009 EO ie dete 4 t ve aleceg iy. sta ee #08 (2p) aohaie-tend a 2: od nee ae meq Oa eaxol soer ¢ he’, € wand yonines see phincatied pobiw. .mm (21, £) i errs: oe De955qx4 .skiga Yoq O-L , adel .om £-€,.8 : (pietbax 2) ,~eusd Sid tb yanoge dna bebastatb ssa ‘plicsttes (ie prkbasses yiseom. wadiqa sbiovo-gnoldo zo biovo’ sonesesxoltel—.d _ shee : Stettqss yloensb % ae eft Jo eolbod osds xrstrode -foum asisoe of « »atoygkrsg ;. Li) seibhia stit wolsd tesbsaord ainvatys? 48 a) = beatexy Hoiw, seed sift 9a galbteoqa3-bnvor Stedgoteigqes am os83eturres ygnoi elsad jyilatinev enigizan atebtoo-e2290u72 snd tea Jesbsord siovaizsd .8 wih a si3o0ema- ,Jrtode eissd :yllerataey jal? ,sesd Soa [isgiowrsveel .J) ba isso : eeioed mead saqnof oF teturofd ylingtla asisad .\ ssioystysq 903 26 * bavysan ylinia? ataygizeq.ixsl emiud. sv (sexornozem 40) bejoaqxd .y¢lleezoh ¥ = i = © ¥ilne niaygiszeq jtosts ,t2ita eantod-, Seagide ivitseroh bedila so bsvrsa ylyaore ey = 4 Ae See e res Seer eewerees ceaeen rabasla .gnol : Fo y Pe 23) - ou O23 gaoldo-resnti 10 gioide soaszeetolial .3 AInIlqeo Jon esdige ;bedquirssek bas aisgnois +2 I ssnesesrolint ;bes3agotgas iis astkg2 OL im xevnoa xo Sveomon eitesda jarol .ad ~fivod'ads Saif Yi i 0 a Se thea-dellqxug 03 oword-daibberx. eeleot wil = iy edtnede. at Leweob beviea wai ree ghren 64. 11. Scales greenish; perigynia strongly ribbed dorsally; sheaths thickened at the mouth. 12. Perigynia strongly nerved and low convex ventrally, the margins usually slightly raised. Expected (C. muhlenbergii). 12. Perigynia nerveless or basally nerved ventrally, the margins not raised AME MAEM NEY orejst ene cre! ore)’ ele ers HSeto Se Bewid C. muhlenbergit, var. enervis 10. Spikes not aggregated, the lower ones sep- arate; sheaths truncate and thickened at the mouth. Expected (C. virens). Carex rosea Schk. Sedge Java Farm. Infrequent; two stations: Along old entrance road under canopy of mature Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Also at summit of south-facing slope overlooking Fox Creek salt marsh, in small depression: canopy of Robinia pseudoacacia and Ulmus americana; ground cover of Lonicera japonica. Higman 676, 765. C. convoluta Mack. Sedge (C. rosea Schk.) Java Farm. One station: mature forest west of Muddy Creek, near old entrance road. WHectare 2474. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus alba, Acer rubrum, etc. Higman 1098. C. cephalophora_Muhl. ? Sedge Java Farm. One station: shore of Muddy Creek upstream from old entrance road. Hectare 2467. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Platanus occidentalis, Liriodendron tulipifera; Understory of Cornus florida, Lindera benzoin. Associate species: Carex blanda, Duchesnea indica, Glyceria striata, Onoclea sensibilis. Higman 1096. C. muhlenbergii Schk., var. enervis Boott. Sedge Java Farm. Infrequent, along new entrance road. (Collected before resurfacing. Associate species: Carex blanda, Melilotus alba, Ranunculus bulbosus, Vicia sativa, Lepidium campestre.) Higman 623, 1094, 1095. wes Wa ee me 4 Weta) ee ies chieaions, deinoeen: doteca aE: “ae banastatae ree svideateb ‘badd \ 4). ees, 2 5 ree Asucie 1 he =e OO oy » a a 2 wer: Bas Seprsa. Oe aniek a ainvgiret “4st ie a: lend ertkgren as ~yllayioey ikeyiion |) . ae a i PStosaet yborter visdglia - pie -(itazadns tduer 19) Pi ee 2 i ° ‘ ‘ ae d > haviss ylipesd xo nasievran sbiygtyrs? aS Oa pitty Dette? ton entgyan oda -.yfilevinsy eae 4 i oN ae newb vedeer ste vieseseue SUIRTDIOM Ie =e .18¥ sa i os i : 7 Si i “qos onc xiwol off) .betasetgae fon nstigs - .OF - 36 hanewsid> bis stkanesd elteene. :eSp're f ‘ -(enerty' .o) Sstosyx® .Advom sit * epbee Ado? 29803 xegesy BI eneny Someone ble goolA° susotsnde owt 24 rsupsttol*.ormat svat nt es . et pROLB BYOTHUD .atiolthas rs eugsi Stutjem Yo yqdoiss Tepe | ero agote 5 gr eFersne Yo J dmmue 38 pels i348 ,sIstid BESIGOR t6- "does snoleesxesbh lens ak’ . dover jlaw s9979D 2oF W Gawgrh sasthogat brsstno fo tyes SavoTH Tansoiréan sil bo w —" igbae 2 joa stulovnos 49 i M (.#no2 seaox .D7 suet) YbbUe to daew Jesrol s1u3am 'noksnse 400° ved Bval “a p piffetiense eet 2 yqansd ANOS stsyoaH .bsov S50e79n0 bie Teen 228 \muidun t924 »bdis eo dsau) ,srsttghiug Sotbashortit™ aim ae a *abré ¢ .« frtuM- prodgol adgas~ Re ee q . i ) | ’ jor Mesi2zhgr Ses7D yhbu tq srosde nokisze and -mtel svsl | oa Seems tivery avgst Yo yqoirs? .*88S exudse# .haod sonesées bio to abel ea ‘Brsitqtiaud aovbrabotrtd ~erlsgnsbtss £exS) Yavisage ervelsosaéA ~.Alosnsd eysebok TBPT vemais Biiidlense soloond .s2att3a ssas2vid 32008 aivasns saat Ado? Egrodoa om « 2) ~bavt aonkvine won goots ,taeupsting coset mips eSbneid xe103 Soren piper 3 gaks 65. Section Multiflorae. Carex vulpinoidea Michx. Sedge Ivy Neck. One station: strip of moist woods at source of Cheston Creek drainage. Hectare 4752. Canopy of Platanus occidentalis, Diospyros virginiana, Robinia pseudoacacia, etc. Associate species: Carex crinita, Glyceria striata, Poa compressa. Higman 736. Section Ovales. 1. Wing of perigynium abruptly narrowed near middle of body; sterile culms strongly developed, their leaf- blades numerous, spreading, not clustered at the apex. 2. Tips of perigynia appressed or ascending; peri- gynia thin, barely distended over the achenes...... C. tribuloides 2. Tips of perigynia recurved or spreading; perigynia firm, obviously distended over the achenes. Expected (C. cristatella). 1. Wing of perigynium not narrowed near middle of body; sterile culms often poorly developed, their leaf- blades erect or ascending, clustered toward the apex. 3. Perigynia obovate, widest near the top. Expected (C. longii, C. albolutescens, C. alata). 3. Perigynia not obovate, widest near middle or base. 4, Leaf-sheaths green and strongly nerved ventrally nearly to the mouth. Expected (C. hormathodes). 4, Leaf-sheaths strongly white-hyaline ventrally. 5. Perigynia lanceolate to narrowly ovate- lanceolate, 3 to 4 times as long as wide..... C. scoparia 5. Perigynia ovate-lanceolate or broader, at most twice as long as wide. Expected (C. tenera, C. normalis, C. festucaea, C. molesta). Carex tribuloides Wahl. Sedge Java Farm. One station: beside Fox Point Road, approx. hectare 3523. Associate species: Eragrostis spectabilis, Dianthus armeria, Juncus tenuis, Euphorbia maculata, etc. Higman 733, 893. Ivy Neck. See next page. Ja sudan paki Re gixae- inolwate. ‘an0" ee yt Bueatelt to yqonwd .82\ sretost ee . moewA +099 ,stogogeiusay: pinidos Se sree. “Repanames got Renae de wtzeoyi) BRED. es th | eotaed naka CoD tier Sibbta: wasn bawoxzen yliquida nukoygizeq 20 gakw a wiseal thad? ,bsqoleysb Nigaotta emlua stixesa ivbod’ (gs 342 te °boisteulo ton ,Batbesiqs ,evorom sohatd_ ; : 5 estes =t28q j;gnibrssen x0 henasagae pie lpr to-agiT 4S revere sBOronns- eft tevo hbsbests elozed ,~nids ative etimgtiey ;suibeerqa to bevywos, sinygiisg 20 agit .$ = got .eietr2 atiesyit rssbloludtx xesad (nent en Pee, remy i 288I3n0M nok 4998 ggbad yswed kestomns, 203g a q siture to bes 3a atinid yweom ,wol spotysta 4nd arse avst vbaok tatol xoF to suoe set) vbbuM oF viajudit2 yoliav beord Myre) sm OF") wobaid-Ttasal janiuo eniearod Jon wy. : —stuvedo ¥ibsoid esiaos satel litelq tsbiw vil a ( (antkemdls .2) batpeqxt .asipoliite E > ; : ‘ : ie : oi 344 eamkvs avouoigqanmus yateso? esoote sifzadé yh eeinoa etulitialg jobiw .meo SI-+t asheid—dasi /bonvs-anol 83 SJ snotoim Lae A ’ i ; re —. | : yavol jaead jn bogati-her von safnd (8 i ee eielilges guol no ton asdlhgqe stelitialt¢ yifaver esinoe oteatmia jess ‘Webbboy yladgtle ro siidw dees = wisv 20 Ssiisepe sAtae er ? bnyatisg ;baiomubsqnd ween eeenae alte uN = nas 68. 8. Culms red-tinged at base; lower pistillate spikes on long capillary peduncles; stam- inate scales strongly tinged with reddish brown; staminate spike long-peduncled; perigynia broadly obovoid, 2.5-3.2 mm. long. Expected (C. gracilescens). Carex digitalis Willd. Sedge Java Farm. One station: low, mossy bluffs at head of short, broad valley tributary to Muddy Creek, south of Fox Point Road. Hectare 3531. Canopy of mature Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Carya tomentosa, and Pinus virginiana. Associate species: Luzula echinata, Carex emmonsii. Higman 1129. C. blanda Dewey Sedge Java Farm. One station: moist wooded bank of Muddy Creek, upstream from culvert of old entrance road. Hectare 2467. Canopy of Platanus occidentalis, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, étc.; understory of Cornus florida, Lindera benzoin. Associate species: Carex cephalophora, Onoclea sensibilis, Duchesnea indica, Glyceria striata. Ivy Neck. One station: east shore of Scaffold Creek. Canopy of Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Carya tomentosa. Understory of Viburnum prunifolium. Higman 546, 786. Section Virescentes. Carex swanii (Fern.) Mack. Sedge Java Farm. Moderately abundant under mature canopy of Fagus aren Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa, and Liquidanbar styraciflua. Collected at shoulders of old Muddy Creek Road, near old entrance road, and on slopes over- looking Muddy Creek and its upper tidal portion. Higman 698, 712, Kee Beye Section Vesicariae. Carex lurida Wahl. Sedge Java Farm. Infrequent along tributary streams of Muddy Creek (tidal portion). South-facing slope. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus velutina, Carya tomentosa, and Liriodendron tulipifera. Associate species: Saururus cernuus. Ivy Neck. Infrequent, in salt marsh at head of Cheston Creek estuary. Associate species: Typha latifolia, Scirpus americana. Higman 399, 738, 986. ghee any Yo basd ts Y. gbsok sakot xen c if aybsc Di tanpbeu-gont epee aporhamse: sedenee ee img 2,8-8.£ ,biovode yibeowd atavatyeq hae aa pleepctied Epes 0)’ betsequa sin Hise ij Vo Bot torres edlip sugwset) Syne to emaiauioy aunxerp adit au: ni Weil tistoade atetonoeas SRS tO oil Pes ot yrnandeed yollay yvoonso., Leet , tea : Syebivena 36 beiovi lsd Hitloevyje qadmabtuptd: bis keotng: 2 syieT 7s SaaVO eaqols ovo bre pats 428 covey tli ¢ ’ Sgbs2 ’ bso ~aarayoq ishti weqqu #22 onanzifne bio tae ,bROm Award ebaul Blea . og Aoec) chbuit guttook te ' see \0 i a 68a. Species of Carex in Expected Sections Phyllostachyae: C. willdenowii Schkuhr, C. jamesii Schwein. Polytrichoideae: C. jleptalea Muhl. Arenariae: CC. arenaria L. Divisae: C. divisa Huds. Vulpinae: C. stipata Muhl., C. stipata v. maxima Chapm., C. laevivaginata (Kukenth.) Mack. Paniculatae: C. decomposita Muhl. Deweyanae: C. bromoides Schkuhr Stellulatae: C. seorsa Howe, C. interior Bailey, C. howei Mack., C. incomperta Bickn., C. atlantica Bailey Heleonastes: C. camescens L. var. disjuncta Fern. Acutae: C. emoryi Dewey, C. stricta Lam., C. stricta var. strictior (Dewey) Carey, C. torta Boott Paludosae: C. riparia var. lacustris (Kukenth.) Mack. Triquetrae: C. hirtifolia Mack. Hirtae: C. lanuginosa Michx., C. hirta L., C. vestita Willd. grayii Carey, C. intumescens Rudge, C. louisianmica Bailey, Lupulinae: C. C. lupulina Muhl., C. lupuliformis Sartw. Collinsiae: C. collinsii Nutt. Folliculatae: C. folliculata L. Pseudo-cyperi: C. hystricina Muhl., C. comosa Boott Shortianae: C. shortiana Dewey Atratae: C. buxbuamii Wahl. Gracillimae: C. gracillima Schwein., C. prasina Wahl., C. davisii Schwein & Torr. Sylvaticae: C. oblita Steud., C. debilis Michx., C. allegheniensis Mack. Extensae: C. viridula Michx. Granulares: C. haleana Olney, C. granularis Muhl. Oligocarpae: C. oligocarpa Schkuhr, C. hitchcockiana Dewey Griseae: C. amphibola Steud., C. grisea Wahl., C. glaucodea Tuckerm. Paniceae: C. woodii Dewey t! a vee ou 2 i iste 9 soist eof. iti t aumnaoea “2 -ebol setvkb 2. is "easton: 1D: emged) aoixem .v s2agite 19) Ide 93 jaqtte me doa (, fpnsdue) einem. )° 3 stduM s3teoqmosah sD. Oe tHliwtdo2? eabtomork..2 3 , sober eames ane epee amie a, ¢ toa awor .2 yyelind szotzejot .o ,SWOH ga47098 .O ae qoLine Robsnalie .D , .mlolk.stisqmoan? «2 9 mist sjosutetb .isv: «i anossoqns Mabtotnis tev ststate .5 ,,med atotx9a .D..vowsd Iya MaaM (.dtmeduNd) eisienos!~.tay etraqiy: 19 shiLIW giivesy .2 ,.t piitd . ,-xiDIM seontguast soem evsitsd Soituetetyol ws! 4 3 at Ds Bt . to: traatitos $7008 seomes «2D ,.«fduM sototiieyi .2 * ysved scstizotie .2 IdeW tigepdkod Di eam * SELLLIOAgS th m —"* Zietvab .D ,.tdaW aatessg .3 , ictlowlo 69. Cyperus (from O'Neill, 1941) 1. Achene lenticular, flat with an edge facing the rachilla; styles bifid; spikelets very flat. 2. Spikelets 1.5 to 2 mm. long, 1-flowered, congested into a solitary cluster of dense, sessile heads. Expected (C. tenuifolius). 2. Spikelets 3 to 20 mm. long, 3- to 40- flowered, digitate in an umbel-like panicle. 3. Achene suborbicular, black, transversely wrinkled. (Also, spikelets yellow, 2-2.5 mm. wide.) Expected (C. flavescens). 3. Achene obovate to oblong-obovate, purplish- brown, not wrinkled. 4, Spikelets 1 to 1.5 mm. wide. Expected (C. polystachyos var. texensis). 4. Spikelets 2 to 3.5 mm. wide. 5. Rachilla winged, the wings forming a collar .2 to .3 mm. wide at the base of the achene; salt marsh habitat......... C. filicinus 5. Rachilla wingless; freshwater marsh habitat. Expected (C. rivularis). 1. Achene 3-angled; styles trifid; spikelets thicker in the center. 6. Rachilla readily disarticulating into 1-fruited joints. Expected (C. odoratus). 6. Rachilla not articulated or articulating only at the base. 7. Rachilla wingless; stamens 1 or 2 (3 in (CG. f£ilicinus). 8. Glumes long-awned, conspicuously 9- to 13-nerved; plants scented. Expected (C. inflexus). 8. Glumes obtuse to mucronate, 3-nerved; plants odorless. aa ytev, sie ~bEatd pete i. Reeopnds .borswolt~-! shot vas S 03 8.0 nae rebsed altace ssansb to 3Steulo yasditoe B,O3nE . ie ae {gui Lottynss 2): batooqud n alan bagevol® “OB 03 af ~gnol! mm: 0S a E-atefodtge . . -siotnag sAti-feday og at: StaNgtb: elestavenss? ,jonid ,xaluaterodue sitedodl zt =e am @€.S—9S ,wolley stoladige ,oRtA) . balioksw: .{ansoasyet? 2) bavseqea” “{. abiw. : (“fekigzrivg ,oaevodo-gnoido 03 sisvedo enedsA £ ~~ . »bslinize. Joa .avord ol i bexseqxt .obtw .mn 2.1 of ft, etefedtga .4 i! (okenons: “ev poyioateyiog .9) al sshiw .am ¢.€' 59'S asetedion a an B goiixot agatw eds ,bogriw sliidoat .t weed oft tn obiw .mm £. 03 2. teilon a: MtOET LD «) «+ ..++++-3etiiad dazem Jles ;saoroa oft to Heys yesowtlesar? ;eaelgniw silidast .¢ -(alzelouvts 3) Satosqxul .tatidad tsApidis atelediqa ;biiiz? selyte :bslgne-t anonsa yt .fa3799 ad7-ar ‘ . betiuz?-£ ojnt gotselustizesib yitbess aliidoah (as, »{gussrobo .2) betoouxt -edarot yine gnissivolizs xo bstalyoists son allidos® 8 -sead sft 35 > ee at €) $ to I avomete j;eevtgoiw ellidoak sf + Cou ShLES 2 o1 -? elagooatqenoe pa Sg ‘esol af ie! 70. 9. Glumes 9- to ll-nerved; stamens 3.......... C. filicinus 9. Glumes 3-nerved; stamens 1 or 2. Expected (C. pseudovegetus, C. fuscus). 7. Rachilla winged; stamens 3. 10. Spikelets not all deflexed, the uppermost ascending or spreading, 3- to 40-flowered (sometimes 2-flowered in C. ovularis). 11. Achenes .8-1 mm. long; glumes 3- to 7- nerved. Expected (C. dentatus, C. erythro- rhizos). 11. Achenes 1.3-3 mm. long; glumes 7- to many-nerved. 12. Achenes 2.2-3 mm. long, 3 to 5 times as long as wide; glumes 4-5.5 mm. long. Expected (C. refractus, C. lancastriensis). 12. Achenes 1.3-2 mm. long (rarely 2.2 mm. in C. ovularis), ovoid to oblong; glumes 1.5-4 mm. long (rarely 4.5 mm. in C. strigosus). 13. Spikelets 2- to 3-flowered, densely congested into subglobose heads at the ends of the rays; achenes 1.8-2.2 mm. long......- C. ovularis 13. Spikelets 5- to 40-flowered, not in subglobose heads; achenes 1.3-2 mm. long. 14. Spikelets nearly flat; achenes linear, 1.5-1.8 mm. long; glumes 3.7-4.5 mm. long.... C. strigosus 14. Spikelets subterete or sub- quadrangular; achenes ovoid to oblong, .5-1.2 mm. long; glumes 1.5-3.5 mm. long. Ex- pected (C. esculentus, C. grayii). 10. Spikelets all deflexed at maturity, 1- or 2-flowered. Expected (C. retrofractus, C. dipsaciformis). oe agomads pheamtte eee aT wdowmrSqdd oifx ,baxeltes Ls Jo 2talodige or betewolt-O8 o9 ~£ ,gnibsasrqe xo got busoss fae. a (ekypluvo ..9 a) batawolt-S$ 2amt3emoa) “\ of ~£ asmuls ;in0l’ so [+8. eanedsA VEE \wpeiivis «) .2u3eiagb-.9) beieeqx2 .havzen ante ; (zosiny _ bt Os -\ womilg jairol mr €-£.f wonedsA IL WSVISM-Y Nei aie }. \f : samtt © ot £ .gmol «mm € ,peol mr S-t.f eeaerns ; Jalil vissan etaladige .Al tated som 8.i-¢.I ,rsantl ~Bvkogizize > seeagimt mt C.d-).£ ests -diw zo sgexe%dua etelatiqe biove esasdon ;yalugorybeup {gcol .om S.i-¢. ,gnoldo os aa .geol wom a asnulg p(eixere -2 .autiniuoss J} S2i28q ae eae 1s, ” Rae i dike Cyperus filicinus Vahl. Java Farm. Infrequent. One station in Hog Island salt marsh on inland side. Hectare 3572. Associate species: Panicum virgatun, Juncus dichotomus, Osmunda cinnamomea, Distichlis spicata. Also one station on Fox Point Road; associate species: Festuca myuros, Plantago aristata, Lepidium virginicum, Juncus tenuis, Digitaria ischaemum, Cyperus ovularis. Higman 438, 804. C. ovularis (Michx.) Torr. Java Farm. Infrequent along Fox Point Road. Associate species same as for C. filicinus. Ivy Neck. One station: marshy north end of grassy abandoned field on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4762. Associate species: Juncus effusus, Juncus dichotomus, Phleum pratense, Trifolium pratense, Agrostis alba, Carex frankii. Higman 17, 490, 1099. C. strigosus L. Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in a variety of habitats; seems to prefer unshaded sites whether dry, moist, or slightly saline. Collected at old entrance gate of Java Farm, Spartina patens community of Fox Creek salt marsh, old field south of Fox Point Road (associate species: Lespedeza cuneata), upstream limit of salt marsh on Muddy Creek, and border of cornfield on Cheston Peninsula. Hieman, 97, 124), 548256 21006 210322 Eleocharis 1. Spikelet not thicker than the culm; scales persistent. (Also, culm quadrangular, not septate). Expected (E. quadrangulata). 1. Spikelet much thicker than the culm; scales deciduous. 2. Achenes lenticular or biconvex, styles 2-cleft. 3. Uppermost sheaths white, scarious and loose at the mouth; dwarfed annual usually less than 10 cm. tall. Expected (E. olivacea). 3. Uppermost sheaths greenish or reddish, opaque, tight-fitting at the mouth; plant 10-130 cm. tall. (Also, achenes whitish to tawny or brown at maturity). ey wottese end samt +iol 2 pre ‘ ae rn hue phe: on oe ce tuakbage. Si nlooeas Lag jikod wot nd motwase sid oa ee ee eon gsi’ mosbios! siateize oapigels. , Ble Drege “wahieluve & puapays ou me \vroT Carta) atialee Be (iebveqa g@imtoossA .bsod tntet xo¥ gnols Josiupstial snere ‘evBke . . BES ELE S »2 30% ce Sma pennpeeis yeanrg T64 bas doa20on yieram tnoksar2 nO oak Yi q Baan. shatoegs S3hicoes) .SA\4 srsinsk ,elueninsT blodisasé no blake seanerstg @eliciiey! ,ssosjesq sunldy ,susnaiotoltbh auonul yep . ROE ,088 Xi featyihi xSTH) , sda akdao . . a ey.) ba aueogkazs | 2 5 PO WeARsAY @ mr anebuude visterabo!% 3 .xiosh wl bas mst avel a SO ,@8ice ,vzb sedtede asiie bebarany istasa ot eueos ;saetidnd — salise ae yaaee BvBL JO Ging Socnx3as blo Jan bejasifod .soties yisaghie ae i it Met tO divoe bieti bio ,devam-slean Asas) xot to yoknummon eeaga ae Pane 70 Thall maariaqu ,(sifsoa ksebegqes!] teaioege sislooees) pe as ; seiveginet goseeiD no bletiwro9 to rsbied bas ,Xeer) ybbuM no fexas SEQL ,oONL ,A2S ,AeL , ASL V2 deme ¢ dndiataxsq asiace ¢c ad? obd2 rodsid? son Islet? iQ yy boa soa xa SIAI3a +_30n , teivenesbeop infos Oa Lad ‘< * - (stslugcesbeup 2) ae Bo 1 :mius sft oods veadotds tioum jofedliq® Gig -euoubrosb ae JYalo-f ssiyse ,xsvadoid 10 zalustaael asastak oS a , seool brn aunitese ,s3isiw ediesde Jaomraggu-,& 2 nod? east vileusu favnns delsavb :davom sit 38, /- ad (peopyi fo .3) besseqxd. .Usto.m> OL ssupeqo: or Mec, 40 pounenga* sittianta seomswaa® 36 +9, Sas ; phone: ie i 4. Hox. Tubercle only slightly constricted from the achene; plants densely tufted annuals without long, firm rhizomes or stolons. 5. Perianth bristles wanting or rarely as long as the achene; tubercle less than 1/4 as high as achene. Expected (E. engelmanni). 5. Perianth bristles longer than the achene and tubercle; tubercle 1/3 to 1/2 as Nachiras! aCheneres. cic cpeveve wisicloalelelle/ohorclelensiereheresrey Lie OD EUS al Tubercle deeply constricted from the achene; plants not densely tufted, with long, firm rhizomes or stolons. 6. Basal scales of spikelet 2 or 3, the lowest not encircling the culm. Expected (E. palustris). 6. Basal scale 1, encircling the culm. 7. Spikelet closely many-flowered; scales broadly obtuse or rounded, opaque, appressed. Expected (E. calva). 7. Spikelet loosely 5- to 30-flowered; scales acute or subobtuse, lustrous, loosely ascending... i...0<.6.sceee esses Be Halophila 2. Achenes trigonous, styles 3-cleft. 8. Achenes with shallow to deep honeycomb reticula- tion, or with prominent longitudinal ridges. Expected (E. acicularis, E. tortilis). 8. Achenes smooth or minutely roughened. Qe Perianth bristles longer than the achene and tubercle; plant a tufted annual. (Also, mouth of sheath oblique; spikelets lanceolate; ACHEMS ESMOOIEN) "ajar ate ateriere atevereteietaile, etelle evetelel elevates eter autiis Perianth bristles shorter than the achene; plant perennial with long, slender rhizomes. (Also, culms flat, scales acuminate or attenuate). Expected (E. compressa). intermedia igkidghie’ vat af: ace eel esnal ie BAe ae qinwedh ate as if Dg OA yiers 0 amigas. ‘eoksehed donlaak, rr Bi: 2K nedd enol sloredud jonsHoe odd es guol. es br es ol SD sssanoenacaie “vaneios 3s was 68, en La al te ee dz: met) ‘teenel dabiatae siageay rahe (: ep $\2L 03. €\L sloredu3 :sfoxsduy bas aia BS oD ence e crete ower nonerees OMSi98 AB aighd i ne | seapitaa add moxt betotiszeno> viqesh alarsdel A Se Beth. matt ,gaol ditw ,betini yleenob doe atnetqy ? -enologe 76 ssmos hit > jiedt €. 20.8 talsdtqe 2 esleoe Saeed 0 “ _ Ragsoes8 mio afi yailoitons jon Jsaxol is (elrdeniag 3) ey 4 : ae - cnitpo sft antiorisas ,I alsaa fnunk J . ailase ;betswoli-vran yiecots tafe, sé 4 ; ) j : ; SV PSq9, ,bsbrave t 70 -genus3do ytlban oF d wt a «Caviaos .3) bezseqad .bseasaqas ; ng = ;berawoli-0 of -¢ yviseool jdalfsxigd i ’ , = ,suotzaul ,sauidodua 29 adpon aalase SPUEMRMME 6 cies cen tsescscessers sgnthnsoas yiseool a -ijalo-l asivie ,euonogisd eaneds& 2S -givotis:. 2eabis Isctbuttace!l jasnimorg diiw io ,nots P as fits - ‘ wnat on = y AGEslI10) -2 -ehisiustos .3) headiosque $8 banedeveot yistuata to.ujoomem escqenoA 8 stenosn Sj sada tesnoi eslsatrd donstxe? .e ,0af4) .iaunna bettut.c jenlq pelonedud bow p9Ieloosnsl atalsaiga j;euplide dinsda To dive © pibewiogc? at Teer s) Teere ee TT TRE SORE ETE eRe onmios, / senedos sii asdd iwe3t0nde eolsaizxd daanbaad ue 5) +asmosidx vabaele ,gnol daiw inlansieg Insiq / ue ajackauce eslesa ae ee oats) “4 73. Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) Schultes? (immature) Spikerush Ivy Neck. One station: abundant in salt marsh at head of Cheston Creek estuary. Hectare 4753. Associate species: Typha latifolia, Scirpus validus. Higman 741. E. halophila L. Spikerush Java Farm. Two stations in salt marshes: Hog Island marsh (pure stand north of Hog Island, hectare 3582) and Typha latifolia marsh at junction of forks of Muddy Creek (hectare 3436). Higman 298, 677. E. intermedia L. Spikerush Ivy Neck. Two stations near drainage to Cheston Creek estuary: north end of grassy abandoned field on Scaffold Peninsula (hectare 4762) and beside artificial pond above Cheston Peninsula (Murray property). Higman 881, 883, 994. Scirpus 1. Involucre subtending the inflorescence consisting of a single bract resembling a continuation of the culm; culms leafless or basally leaved. 2. Inflorescence without long branches, either a spike, a spikelet, or a cluster of spikelets; culms 3-angled, or if terete less than 3 mm. thick at the base. 3. Plants tufted, annual, without rhizomes; mature achenes black or blackish. Expected (S. smithii, S. purshianus). 3. Plants mostly solitary or scattered, perennial, with long rhizomes; mature achenes whitish, drab, or brown. (Also, rhizome hard; upper leaf sheaths closed; spikelets solitary or clustered, ovoid, reddish-brown to dark brown; scales ovate to orbicular, the margins irregular). 4, Involucre linear, 2-15 cm. long, acute; upper sheath concave but not notched at orifice, with a long, linear, sharp-pointed blade............. In » americanus 4. Involucre lance-triangular, 1-3.5 cm. long, blunt; upper sheath V-notched at orifice, with a lanceolate, blunt-pointed blade 8-15 mm. long. Expected (S. olneyi). asd Seishin tas" RY Soshouds | aoa? rae Agoit et £ sdeyT fsokoage Stgtooead ~Eehe sisiosH -.yrandae pace itay Dae Bibi Ley ween Vien) ities haaiel golf :eadé-ram jing Gk snokteta Brine IBF aval Raven gitoritel aigyT bay (S62f sxsioed ,basfal sok to dison nya pBes Baemgia. ~~. (E86 sx03997) teas) vbbud te af 32 op kt oan 38 . dawrrpatte ___ st ghbosretad Sem / a a? - Pyemaas dest coyasit? oF syantarh xs90 anokiste heck: Loot qT % Sasssen) wliwnkast bietisse ao biet? beeobnaad BaTS Io bas dorom! ‘Ayreon yeatoM) siuanines noiaeig ayods brow fatavadate shleasd bas (Sata, i Sve. £38 {538 J a. . ; a : IGx OG a 7 i : & 30 gottstenos soceoussolint sf) potbnsidys Stoutovar imine bit Jo melisualineos 2 snlidnesar donee pate baveel yitased so asesitess mie. pSa4iqe n xadiis, ,esdstard anol tucdthr sanessastoltal J Be photgne~£ emlus jetalelige to ysteula & to , Msledtie ¢@ Sasd fy Js dohis (om E med? vest o3e+a4 TE 36 Stiga sasneriis seeaie .fcunne -bostud asnsle EF phifitios 1.2) betssquf fetdosid 10 dosld senmsiba ‘¥ » (eunetderg <2 sz) == La : -isinueteq ,bstsisese 10 yrssiloe yideom stash .E — © a posto ,feliidw esusios ssviam jasmostds gaol Adtw va Stigete 2esi teqqu ;bxsd aoostdy ,oefA) word to »Dhove .bavetsylo so vrettioe axsfettqe ybsaols ; O23 Sthvn adisce joaword Axsb of sword-dletbhar (talogeitt entgyes 8d3 ,rsluvotdyo wedqy :Ofuoe ,giol mo 21-2 \reankl erouLoynal .A iw ,s>tllto gs ledssen tos jud svesees dépsie = $B terssinsses- bald boamtog-qrede ,sesakl , gaol = i, a ty yee0t wes f.0-0 . 18Lugant13-s2neI- sasulovat va & d3ky ,ottine ww bsdoten-¥ disora qu P 2. 74. Inflorescence with long branches; culms terete, 3 to 20 mm. thick at the base. (Also, style 2-cleft; achenes plano-convex; scales reddish to deep brown). 5. Scales glabrous, not gummy or spotted, the green midrib projecting as an awn; basal sheath mem- branaceous, with scarious margin...........+..+. S.» validus, 5. Scales pubescent, with many gummy dots, midrib mucronate; basal sheath firm, with fibrillose margin. Expected (S. acutus). 1. Involucre of 2 or more flat leaves; culms leafy. 6. Culms sharply 3-angled, solitary or scattered; spikelets 1 to 5 cm. long, 5 to 11 mm. thick. (Also, midribs of scales awned). 7. Achenes equilaterally 3-angled; freshwater marsh habitat. Expected (S. fluviatilis). 7. Achenes plano-convex to obtusely 3-angled; salt marsh habitat. (Also, spikelets reddish-brown, blunt or rounded at apex; ligule scarious)...... S. robustus Culms obtusely angled, or sometimes sharply at summit; spikelets 2 to 15 mm. long, 1 to 3 mm. thick. (Also, spikelets 35 to over 100, in decompound umbelliform panicles). 8. Bristles retrorsely barbed; culms solitary or few; stolons thick and scaly. 9. Bristles barbed nearly to base; lower sheaths © reddish. Expected (S. expansus). 9. Bristles barbed only above the middle; all sheaths greenish. 10. Bristles twice as long as achene; spikelets reddish-brown. Expected (S. polyphyllus). 10. Bristles not exceeding achene; spikelets pale to dark brown. (Also, scales round). S. atrovirens 8. Bristles smooth or with few hairs; culms tufted; stolons absent. 11. Bristles barely exceeding the scales. Expected (S. lineatus), 11. Bristles greatly exceeding scales at maturity. (Also, lateral spikelets in the ultimate fascicles pedicelled, central one sessile; spikelets reddish- DEOWN, OVOLd) 0. siccvcccececresetecleseseses es Oe CUbITcosUS fous emia - teadonaxd gto dee bite a sixta ,onls) seed add 46 Bok S ssimadeial iecciti tetbboyr aaets txevnes-oaed _ oes odd .batzo08 0. YR g ton RUpnAT 29) omen diesde Igzed (wh a6 a6 galiostioxg Gry Dish deer teyeceseuds sl gtse auotrass Aiko Bucssaassd 18 rv) Aidhia ,esob yea yesa dshw ,jesoasdug, B9les2! aie eeoliiedss ddiw wrt? dsoasda fsasd jSisnorss o(gutuos .2) batasqxt enkiism — wea Wwasel emlva :eovesl t51% sx0om 75 & to oniavea rk 3. tharve23B2e yo yrsiiineg bslgusct wlatale anu ay saokds .mm tL ot ¢ Hol mo ¢ ox LT ‘easisatta F vat i(banwa salscve 6 sdi-+btn: 02th) 3 2 re favam wssnwileext ;bslans-f vitaxeteliups eanatioA 2 am Catitietvul? .8) betoagx’: «teriden an = ‘Ziee pbalgas-t ylesuido of xsynoo-onnia esnensaA ok H ~iword~riethbet ateisdias ,oafAY -.te2idsl daxent : MUSED D sh «eee» (euebrsce Ofuyll ;xeqs Ja befor so tould } 3n vlqvate eamtiomoe xo .bsiane visavido emted ve ‘A5iU3 wom £02 L ,gnol .am tL of S$ sieisdiga :3imoe Bic houoqimse> mh ,J0i xeye.o7 Cl ede sada bd ota) ee Me “(aa loro wxyot el fedmar = jwek wo viadilos ontun ¢hedred visexortet cafteitd 8° viaok baa 4Stds sgolota iipeita 294 saad 03 yitesn badved weltetrh ye wall * wrngxe +8) ‘boteegad. .ilekbbes et °e [fe ;aibbin ait svoda ¢ino bedsad eelsaina/.€ Jelosers andiesda uJelodlgs j;onedoc ea gaol as solws esizebsd Of (guiivdoyiog .2) basasqxd .owoyd-rethber * aselaiiqn ;:00dse gatbsacxe jon «sligiad .Of -(bayes 2aaloss ,oalA) -.nword Azad 02, Piaq, thedivd amina:; ertad ws? diiu zo. dscoms, Rpg . : Bab aa Biel eee: De Scirpus americanus Pers. Bulrush Java Farm. Infrequent in Hog Island salt marsh, at shore of Muddy Creek estuary. Associate species: Atriplex patula, Polygonum punctatum, Aster puniceus. Ivy Neck. One station: beach at Sand Point, on Cheston Peninsula. Associate species: Cakile edentula, Spartina alterniflora. Higman 295, 451, 937. S. americanus Pers. (extreme form) Ivy Neck. Salt marsh at head of Cheston Creek estuary. Associate species: Typha latifolia, Scirpus validus, Carex lurida, Juncus bufonius, Eleocharis sp. Higman 856. S. validus Vahl., var. creber Fern. Bulrush Java Farm. Infrequent in Hog Island salt marsh. Associate species: Scirpus americanus, Pluchea camphorata, Distichlis spicata, Panicum virgatum. Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in salt marsh at head of Cheston Creek estuary. Co-dominant with Typha latifolia. Less frequent in moist woods of Cheston Creek drainage, under canopy of Platanus occidentalis, Diospyros virginiana, Liquidambar styraciflua. Higman 257, 294, 737. S. robustus Pursh. Bulrush Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent in salt marshes. Collected at Fox Point and at the head of Cheston Creek estuary. Also observed along the tidal portion of Muddy Creek. Associate species: Typha lat- ifolia, Pluchea camphorata, Scirpus americanus, Iva frutescens. Higman 56), (85i/'. S. atrovirens Willd. Bulrush Ivy Neck. One station: moist woods at Cheston Creek drainage. Mature canopy of Platanus occidentalis, Diospyros virginiana, and Liquidambar styraciflua. Associate species: Carex crinita, Glyceria striata, Poa compressa, Eupatorium coelestinum, Carex vulpinoidea. Higman 728. S. rubricosus Fern. Bulrush Java Farm. Infrequent; stations in the freshwater part of Fox Creek marsh and at the marshy west end of the Phalaris arundinacea meadow north of the main building area. Associate species: Juncus effusus, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Impatiens capensis, Aster praealtus, Salix nigra, Sambucus canadensis. Higman 190, 495. ‘Léa b bem tet gill! « at pero hy wes’ valitia eins ieubasgs easisoeeh »erBvIaS: egad «BUS stags. Belt aie ie “qos998d0 fro ‘gabod base ta dosed: wHolisje sot ane yt * gitt tune? ~ludnebs slits) rveksaqe sistogees, isloeaieaeed hone ee sees oa aca (ertoxi smexixs) par sumo Ppa a De SSOOSEA .ytheies H5ex) coteed) to based ge reve alee. ,Asolt yt ae gusnut, .2bbyul xaxs) ~aubtisy suqztoe. ,.nilotiser edgyl reskoaqa fe 828 nemgti .qe abisdooslt epuigotjud © dayylua 19%. x9d975 .tav ,.idsv eubitey s i ee Stetsoasé. .fetem tise baslel gol mk gasypottal iret svat an spobotge atidotield ,s2ssordguns sedould ,eunsohyome guqtkoe deur iud . . DLDIW gopaivos3s 58 ae Segenteth AsetD Golesi) 36 aboow jetom :aotista an0 A934 yvI i BAG ,subinteriv woryqro0id ,etlnjoebtoro augstelt to yqonss studaM si122419 Biinixs x97B) +:asiosqe asatooreA “aoeasaaes ao sina sasbbontaloy, 20219 »mentieslsoo myrtrojsqua rBSSO7GMO2 B fet ae dauxtua , > mh 30 38eq te Inwizes? ‘ova ak angltaia 23 hots Schein to = jzow waa oda: Ja TG ARACEAE Arisaema 1. Lateral leaflets very rounded on lower side, tapering to base on the upper side; tube of spathe 3.5-7.0 cm. long, summit flange 2-8 mm. broad, hood 3-6 cm. broad; fruiting head 3-6 cm. Long... cc.esssecsscevcececveces Ae atrorubens 1. Lateral leaflets narrowed subequally at base, not especially rounded on the lower side; measurements of other parts usually smaller than above but slightly OVEFLAPPING<.csccccesseresseseveerorersesecccnencsncoe As triphyllum Arisaema atrorubens (Ait.) Blume Jack-in-the-pulpit Java Farm. Infrequent; prefers moist, shaded sites. Along old entrance road under canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Acer rubrum, etc. Associate species: Podophyllum peltatum. Also along moist terrace of Muddy Creek under canopy of Fraxinus americana and Platanus occidentalis. Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in similar habitats, especially source of Scaffold Creek, under canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, Robinia pseudoacacia, etc. Associate species: Viola spp., Podophyllum peltatum, Claytonia virginica. Higman 72, 600. A. triphyllum (L.) Schott Small Jack-in-the- pulpit Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Habitats and associate species the same as for A. atrorubens above. Higman 544. LEMNACEAE 1. Floating frond flattish, ovate to circular; rootlets present, 1 to several. 2. Rootlet 1; frond 1- to 5-nerved, green beneath..... Lemna 2. Rootlets 2 or more; frond 4- to 15-nerved, purple SEN NG on GOO OOOO CDOOOD0OUUOES pUoteeleholsfefayele cleleieleleveere opi rOdela 1. Floating frond ellipsoid to globose (like green rice); rootlets absent. Expected (Wolffia, Wolffiella). Pe) «6gdteoqes .ebte xowol a0 bebevex, vray, cieltes! fezetad Cf) ae Pe atte, O5840.£ edjsqe ito sdud yabin teqqv- eis no shad ot) sbeosd «a @-f boot ,bsord «ar B+ sgoesl? iimwe aro bs OS es RENTS Ew srseegtol sino Q~€ beod gatshuxa) jon ,Sebd Js vilaupsdua beworren stoligel texoket fr Sa einamesuessm yahble sswol. 247 ao bsbhnuor yvileiosqas 0 ROP ae : yiartgtie jue avodn apis yeileme yllavay asasq sed3o here AMMAN GA cece teeters sesee dere eyeben syne e nese SARC IBLTOVOn | Re tra act. ef ald ARAN leon 5 4 Bea ca - Migiiq-ats-ci-dost emul (.3EA) ansdyrorss balled at: Wo ‘ ane 0g <683le babads aokon Bistextt ;tosupsxinl | .orBt evel a pegs eee Ene » tedmebiupit to vqoones teboy bsex siuaigae) 1 Of 9%om 319 BE: Sse ty =a sats ong wail) -nots 02, 76a. Lemna Lemna minor L. Duckweed Ivy Neck. Abundant on surface of small cut-off pond near Sand Point on Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4870. Associate species: Spirodela polyrhiza above. Higman 1225. Spirodela Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. Water-flaxseed Ivy Neck. Abundant on surface of small, fresh to slightly saline cut-off pond near Sand Point on Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4872. Associate species: Lemna minor, Rumex verticillatus, Sparganium eurycarpum. Higman 1226. COMMELINACEAE Commelina Commelina communis L., var. ludens (Miquel) C. B. Clarke Dayflower Java Farm. Infrequent along Old Muddy Creek Road and in ditch at entrance gate. Partly shaded by adjacent canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, and Liriodendron tulipifera. Associate species: Poly- gonum spp-, Oxalis stricta, Galium aparine, Dactylis glomerata, Geranium carolinianum, Sphe Sphenopholis nitida, Tovara virginiana, Hieracium scabrum. Higman 352, PONTEDERTACEAE Heteranthera Heteranthera reniformis R. & P. Mud-plantain Ivy Neck. One station: ‘muddy bank of artificial pond at source of Cheston Creek drainage, on Murray farm. Associate species: Gratiola neglecta, Ranunculus sceleratus. Higman 874. \ sT onke gam Tee meen Hog 320-302 [lene To aondsea, no toshoudAé -ioeit wel! ue: es ay pee SiatojeeA .ON8) sxsiosh peiventast trodesdy: to dabot -COSL, coop th). svods saddles — one heeerc li~yorsv ebtaidad bod asia vag ashok . isity? Le OF Geer? .ifeme Io sesttwe a6 tosbaudA toot rl Breese: ,uiventost notesdD 10 Aanies oe T89n'haoq Fio-dgs ectisa t h, *BUARLssobIzey xm .xontm sonst testoeqe ststooash .SYBE “Ona rome tl MUIITKIVIUS Mb nS gr ager | . FSR GAMUT IZMMOS oni foimoD | , +d gtnomuoo sok i smb) FwoliynT sdzeid .& -9 (lsupiM) esopbul tag, * wiih ak bas heok Aee7D ybbuM blo gnols Josupexial wore? evel Byges Io yqonko Jmsosfbs vd bebase visyseT +5483 @2nsxdasS tagkseqa Si6Iaoseh eran 291 Hoybosbotstt bos adie austeug 2 «£33739 BtlsxO »-9qe- muroe oa ailoiqonsig? .mugetat loxeo a s SCE pamgeity MgmaomeS aiiviosd entre Gees GuiodsetH .oozinissiy pysvo} ie : ; Bnei ii ety axsy SAS OAL AACS UOG pisdigaxzsIeH a - gtetpal¢-bult - -I 3 1A siorot toss sedzansoaell 7 Mae baoq fatoiiitzs to sinad ybbus” :nnttese end -to9K xvi faskosqe otntooses orp? yet1uM oo .sgantesb deexd nviesdd 2 5 ie OTB. pamg tt “au2181320) SEL asigea! Ute JUNCACEAE 1. Leaves and young stems pubescent; capsule 1-locular... Luzula 1. Leaves and young stems glabrous; capsule 3-locular.... Juncus Luzula Luzula echinata (Small) F. J. Herm. Woodrush Java Farm. Infrequent on moist, south-facing forested slope overlooking upper tidal portion of Muddy Creek. One station adjacent to Typha latifolia salt marsh and one at source of tributary stream. Canopy of Quercus alba, Q. velutina, Carya tomentosa, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Associate species: Carex emmonsii. Higman 717, 1097. Juncus 1. Individual flowers subtended by a pair of bracteoles as well as the bractlet at base of pedicel. 2. Inflorescence terminal, subtended by one or more slender divergent leaves. 3. Leaf sheaths tapering to summit, not auricled; inflorescence at least one quarter height of PLANE. coc csccccsvesececccnsscsccccevecovseccones J. bufonius 3. Leaf sheaths auricled at summit; inflorescence less than one quarter height of plant. (Also, auricles entire; rhizome short, hidden by tussock; tips of sepals not appressed to capsule). 4, Auricles prolonged, scarious, lance- triangular; leaves flat.......seeeeeseeeeeoee J. tenuis 4. Auricles rounded, not lance-triangular; leaves terete or only channeled on upper SLdC. cece ec ec cree ccc r es eecereeresseseeseeeee J. dichotomus 2. Inflorescence apparently lateral, the subtending Hleafykikey a (continuation) of ‘the ‘Stemi. 6... ete eh huUSUsS 1. Individual flowers subtended only by a bractlet at base of the very short pedicel. 5. Leaves not septate. Expected (J. répens, J. biflorus). 5. Leaves septate. (Also, heads of flowers not spherical). ah oe ic Bom... aeluool-£ siveqés saudvdele eeste govoy bee eevss slut pat ae +4 wel in i. ‘i * Hercoboolt rsh .& Ot (itemes: atamidos 5 seat agate beteor't at Rater i berynath va Jnsupstinl anett evel WHooe the wetseue on ,xoeet) vbbut to oktroq [sbtd saqgqu untiocolsave Peel) TthseeiT? 20 S5tvoOeK ta ore Sie favaw ise Brioitgal edgy ea | Ce Bis \eeosieno? eyisd ,soljulev 2 ,sdis eujsvau) to yqonse ae Neibanbs WOOL ATS Gano tPsqoums x9 se ned ‘esiooge bobeeA §6.cdo perett Ee axe “STi a ey 7 sirsni j Side ~ \ esiostoagd to theq « vd bebmeddive srawolt |Iepbivibal fie esibsq to eead te tsftosizd oft dn. Liaw as aydm eo vi bebusidue ,ietckoriess sogessaproftal So: om a 2ave0! Jasgrevib yebmels — + *paloriwe in , Simmer oF aolasqad aritsade 4peti .& \ ae idgiad «8traup so7 3te6al Ix Sonssanxatint Baaeoiud «i. [Phew eee vaeeetoe thee bn bwtee «we qghitBad Mia Pri fitrade test’ (zt bal ce suo mells gaol ] (eyrine ad folsyva’ =~ ft , ‘ ‘ met . »telusoe ae eqt? ~;aseesH3 i aL 4 Sy . gonsl ,auoiisor , bsgnolore eeiciroA .é rue? ah. wes sapeseesess dhl? goves!l ptalugnaty2 } SiGivagelis-esnei ton ,bebavoxyvesfoarmuA «see S mE ,Sislunagsss ahadee etswoll-i,oBla) ae | UVES ae ee eee Ses bev veer eevencun e (ILILNBE nu a seiatt jog saveol inost_rsye jon ,2vososdi9nd gnsit..§ ; —S63ided Oopin! e7adii ybborde Leutezenm tyodtiv »ywode vrsy ,s20@ %o gaol .mb L erewolt, ,A _ “eto0% siosdid mott anteat«o art snitewolT _,¢ EO a -.aseleued asvaat i visoe a moti gikaiis msta aeivawolT ,é (mtttt) betosqxd .arifveo esvesl ,dind roilieme videtsbisnos srewolT .# eisdmy ot erswold .0 \ tigead esyeol santg xo gafdw arswolT.t EE Abbe sos ss ro eeu+sDoleve=noino tarig iY J gol swolis itasexg exawolT .¥ oe beloaqxa .easliohoe tnalq ;aniiuso . . (aloabaM) 7 easioinsg ¥O ,ednyroo .ssme7e1 ok. a7ewold ,e : SmRo932 ,mutdine lms) baszoqxd .€ aafyie .8 —) ) -qii 38 tislo eemtiemoe .f sly32 if nr hs jisned ,1#edil seves! jevodiud send ,@ Siw ie diast199 aid) .aluaqao 6 IRat i : | nee%g beord diiw otidw a2anc ey naa thot? a Penh e rth Ot ae mek ewrerensn ena ll a 2A 80. 1. Flowers or inflorescences axillary. 10. Plant thorny, a woody vine, often with tendrils... Smilax 10. Plant thornless, herbaceous, without tendrils. 11. Leaves reduced to small scales; plant extremely DrANched.scecccesscccccccvsscesvcscecccesceses ASParagus 11. Leaves normally developed. Expected (Uvularia). See Appendix I. Yucca Yucca filamentosa L. Adam's Needle Ivy Neck. Infrequent on sandy beach facing Rhode River, well north of Sand Point. Higman 1076. Hemerocallis Hemerocallis fulva L. Day Lily Ivy Neck. One station: yard of abandoned house north of entrance road. Hectare 4720. Persistent after cultivation. Higman 961. Allium Allium vineale L. Wild Onion, Field Garlic Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant to abundant in old fields and in moist, moderately shaded areas near freshwater marshes and streams. Higman 784, Ornithogalum Ornithogalum umbellatum L. Star of Bethlehem Java Farm. One station: large field along north border. Hectare 3508. Dense Rhus radicans. Higman 1146. Smilacina Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf. False Solomon's Seal Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant in mature forest beside old entrance road. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Associate species: Dentaria laciniata, Dentaria heterophylla, Claytonia virginica, Higman 412, 668. sealiixe shsbpetalione ; ; Bh DASE Ser Te Rtas 7 Hi tae yismse 13x95 a8 fq sasisaa [lsme of besubox eovead! JDL i ee. eT Tr bU d dah Mean MAD ae ress ny Res: Z : (phx aluvU) botosqxa .beqefsveb yliemion eevsed .Ify »f xtbnaqqé: 9880 os. sou oe AE Meee | elbesit a'mabA tae | ssossomalt? camel sail ‘avi shod gatosi dosed ybnse no ‘gaoupertal Ren Ut: .OXOL memati antes bre 20 dance! _-' 7 J a a git lesovamsif (ean : yitt yet ” 2 svlut eklissorgmel Yo dixon Satied benobnsds Yo bisy :nottsie asO .js9H yvi moltjavisivuo setts jnstatarst OSTA sist5eH- .baot SanBsgas) - a by . £68 asmgit i musta a ~fornG bLIW I sisontv mubiis stitad blolt x — bie @) tnsbeuds of frebriudea vista1sboM “;A99K yvI bos oteT sval q betlexhm totewseox? 1s9n esoxe hobsde yietstebom ,Jatom nt bos ebletie - 4 ; BY animate ,emsstte brie mute goiitar0 madeidied to x632 «I muta tiedm eG stebrod dizom anole bist? sgisl i:notsaze snO .mred avel OIL osmgitf -adsatbex aud seamed Chas Seer 81. Smilax 1. Leaves whitened or glaucous beneath; berries blue..... S. glauca 1. Leaves green beneath; berries blue-black.............. 5S. rotundifolia Smilax glauca Walt. Java Farm. Infrequent on Fox Point. Canopy of mature Quercus prinus. Associate species: Baptisia tinctoria, Epigaea repens, Gaylussacia baccata. Higman 1072. S. rotundifolia L. Greenbriar Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Abundant on the landward borders of salt marshes, often forming a dense barrier. Apparently delimits the saline and freshwater parts of marshes. Associate species: Rosa palus-— tris, Typha latifolia, Hibiscus palustris. Higman 269. Asparagus Asparagus officinalis L. Asparagus Java Farm. One station: lawn at main building area. Hectare 2580. Associate species: Medicago lupulina, Melilotus alba, Allium vineale. Ivy Neck. Infrequent on sandbars, landward borders of salt marshes, and muddy shores of Cheston Creek and Scaffold Creek estuaries. Higman 740. DIOSCOREACEAE Dioscorea Dioscorea villosa L. Yam Java Farm. One station: beside old entrance road. Hectare 2474, Mature canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Associate species: Claytonia virginica, Dentaria heterophilla, Smilacina racemosa, Viola papilionacea. Higman 699. AMARYLLIDACEAE 1. Perianth and fruit glabrous; base a truncated bulb. (Also, flowers loosely spreading or nodding; perianth with a slender tube and campanulate or cup-like crown and a spreading limb).................. Narcissus as eal ees Hs 8 i ‘ot ia x iy byoten Povanned .20k6s xoF ho siswps Stak versa niet. - “pepsin . £1753 ‘uae givtiqad restosqa sssisoteé = SYOL. memgih .a7e5aad Sloe. 480 a se tednowtd 4 gi ei foathou: 104) Ea he eeensod Biswhaat ot 20. ‘noboudA fost yet bas ‘nzetiavel: ee a ont Seiatieb eiinstaqgA: «.t9ktred s2nsb 5 ynkinxol oS3to , sora tsar thats 4 ‘ae Bene ahetdegs oielooens exéer 20. HITHg- totewiteors bas ba = QoS nemyth setrtisoleq BSvoetdih jst fotijsl -siigy7 Shee _- | pugaeege 5 | ee. : } niyo yaqak T alliatoltio: sugssageaa” > abies, Sehtoet kaya gotbited wien 346 nwel snoksete en! Serre eyst at sg inant) fai. ita ;BGis weioli let .ehituqul ogsotheM ‘nefosge atsisoeely Sfee iG orehbrod biswhes! ,2ztadbase mo Issupsttnl §6.apen YV Seenemieme Meer Hivtiaoe bar dos sotesid to wazods ybbuin brs .2odsam eas ,044) napoli ; . AFOARHOOROIG ey it.’ aJ neolltv seyoosokd “og OTAL Semgeeh | |6ofheoy? sunetTios Lio Shiesd taolsaze sn coset eye Bppetiots} i eis wvoveu) ,stlottbnasy ‘evga? io Yqomeo oruinM Wi ~Beinigiiv gine Yai? ayboege slaloosaA soda: ge ¢ W220 weweth -asomrot fh gi: eiolY ,seomsos7 saboa liek wee RAZDACLLIYAAMA nll x0: ' 1 he “ «\ WLS BALIN 2 5 ae P ay abe Captian i . ‘tie *iu Saar 82. 1. Perianth pilose on the outside; base a corm, rhizome, or tuber. (Also, tube of perianth covering ovary and perianth segments converging to form a beak over the fruit; leaves linear, usually pubescent).......... Hypoxis Narcissus 1. Flowers yellow; crown about as long as perianth- SEQMENESS ooccccviscieeeriescceeeewecesdesissecccaceesoencae Ne pSeudonarcissus 1. Flowers white; crown much shorter than perianth- SEQLMENES. co cccccccccccccscecscsccsccreceseresceceseves Ne poeticus Narcissus pseudonarcissus L,. Daffodil Java Farm. One station: steep east-facing slope of ridge near north border, north of new entrance road (yard of old house). Hectare 2562. Canopy of mature Juglans nigra. Persistent after cultivation. Higman 552. N. pseudonarcissus L., var.? Ivy Neck. One station: yard of old house between entrance road and source of Scaffold Creek drainage. Hectare 4658. Persistent after cultivation. Higman 586. N. poeticus L. Poets' Narcissus Java Farm. One station: summit of steep ridge near north border, north of new entrance road (yard of old house). Hectare 2562. Canopy of mature Juglans nigra. Persistent after cultivation. Higman 601. Hypoxis Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville Stargrass Java Farm. One station: bank of tributary of Muddy Creek, near old Muddy Creek Road. Hectare 2491. Canopy of mature Fagus grandifolia. Associate species: Claytonia virginica, Smilacina racemosa. Higman 6/0. IRIDACEAE Sisyrinchium Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill. Blue-eyed Grass Java Farm. One station: mound of charcoal in yard of burned house on road to springhouse. Hectare 3417. Partial canopy of Rhus typhina. Associate species: Trifolium repens, Lepidium virginicum. Higman 709. qamox! Dee 8 Lan Wakbe sinc ae 50" gaat | fet: _' "stave ankzevos fiaesirsq to sdud ,oelA) visdud 30. fae asad ‘g itso oF gmigyevaos. etismgsa Nimateag t ee Ses heee aoe (sasoesduq ere 4 es nevest i and. SY sy SOR Oe pe, Pe Fe A AA | » auaeroxen | a Sn Fe ee \ 4 = F M BG Avec ep eemrsdevesererpereyecakrennensas se © LOO Mang f =~ ~~ -Htustieq med3 ret1ode coum swors yssidw exrewolt, gi) 1 guakse0q A MPa iiderss cs oie ett a stesiaaey ee re ape “Pybot tad (4 ages eiuaae onokaia eabia to sqole gnisst-jJaas qs9ta fiutdese ent. yas aman SG sieegot bio #0 bisy) beot somarjas wen to ddtoe »wsbred WIx00 SBomt | a $62%8 Jastetervst .exgin eosigul sxujsm io yqonso 8828 sxetoaH) 822 cect HOLST EEE . f.%sv ..d suaeioxenobuest ee baot soustina meawied savol bio to bisy ‘imotisje aa0 .Anoi yi ' Meste Yastetars? .8c6) eret09H .egentesb Asera bloiisse fo siayor bus ’ os 082 comghf ,coltavisivo eee spaelote “ateot ot epdobisog sf dito seen sebtt ass%2 to timme inokisie snO .sttst SYVBU_ UOABS eycjosli .(sedot bio to busy) baor-soms1ine ws to djzon , zebra ~potvevitiue sstie tosisketet .atgin ensigul situsam to yqorkd £08 namgtd, | atxoqyA . Bestg7s3- siiivod (.J) sstpaxkd akxogell } e#eas5 ybbuM 26 yratudiszt to dosd saoliaie Sa0 = .05N4 svat (puget 2suiem jo ygons) .f0AS sisitcel .bsof dosxd ybboM Do) xs9a — fanbonitme -.potataity sinorvsl) +esisaqe sIelackeA ere Ss 058 cewgtil “Re = 83. ORCHIDACEAE 1. Inflorescence a terminal spike; stem with narrow, clasping leaves. (Also, basal leaves fleshy and evergreen, with white veins).....cccceseesceeescseeees Goodyera 1. Inflorescence a raceme or of one terminal flower; flowers borne on a scape. 2. Flowers remotely racemose, exceeded by leafy bracts; lips of corolla pink and white; flowers 2 to 3 cm. ION Pieveverevenelololereteicletoleler ereiskenereielelcialeverererereretelcieleis! cleretelorenepeis OC lias 2. Flowers solitary, terminal, without leafy bracts; lip of corolla pink or roseate, inflated, drooping, 365 C007 cm. LONZecccsceccanevsvdoveccseveveveseves Cypripedium Goodyera Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br. Rattlesnake-plantain, Latticeleaf Java Farm. Infrequent in mature forest west of Muddy Creek. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus alba. Also one station in mature forest at Fox Point. Canopy of Quercus alba, Quercus prinus. Higman 250. Orchis Orchis spectabilis L. Showy Orchis Java Farm. One station: mature forest west of Muddy Creek, near old entrance road. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, and Liriodendron tulipifera. Associate species: Dentaria heterophilla, Claytonia virginica, Smilacina racemosa. Rare species. Higman 654. Cypripedium Cypripedium acaule Ait. Lady-slipper, Moccasin flower Java Farm. Infrequent: two stations under canopy of mature Fagus grandifolia and Quercus alba. One station near apex of triangular area west of old Muddy Creek Road, near freshwater marsh. One on northeast-facing slope between old entrance road and main building area, north of water tank. Rare species. Higman 476, 669. ess ‘ae x ay v Soe esto | \woursa a hneda iaattqe LaScuae's Ps ey) bane witen? devesl iéaed ,oelA) ” pes gato Bisse cscrveytenebsttoy sikdw dstw wise1g7ava a Samuat® lankis3 So ko. 40 SUSIST. § sonseasoL tah sOqn98 BLO, eased 2% i Ls eo). betonad yiecl ud bebesesze ,ceomess: ylotomer aout ‘ eo & of S exswolt je3tdw bas Antq alloroa to edi eae ra 1 = Tage Hi Ms ~N . gedoand yisol tuoriiiv _fsnikarres visibios pases M's i «antqouexh ~petniist , oJe9a07 0 Lister siloros to kr ae abet varuriivnnentsssdyestannrcere ere nneaniol m3 X 99 €.£ ) ae om i . i att # 7 bg | B13 5009 | of oe an ame ener 12 Af (BL iW) anojsodug iba a tealyotsial ayo wiasad vbbut. do. eow 2aot01 siudem at ansupsyint .mrel evel ee ote ~pdia suoxsud isitatlyd nozbnebotzbl -stioitbsass eugel io yqoaed ony : srujem oh pottgiaa sno VeLé Byomeud fo YooRs) .antol xo1: 7A Jas to01 af O25 spegtH .auntig aug tsup -sdis. Nios fis i: @trlor0 ywode ia atizgna zeus se) 9 ,4ga70 ybbuM 36 Jaow sa9702 siviem saoliate sa0 wrist evel : auomsup, ,sifoitboars pons io yqonso hsoy SonB%In8 -— Riieraied stastiad :eoloags sistaoseA ,sxsitgt tux noes Ss “— PAOD Gamgih. .naineqe 276i .gpomeony ALORS eee tae .B2 tatay ky singel . mu thegry ae, ae Gewolt alsxssoM smu] pe Zo yYqoee> reba enchisie. awa "to waqe 3ee8r moitete s00 «KC 84. SAURURACEAE Saururus Saururus cernuus L. Lizard's-tail Java Farm. Infrequent, in valleys of tributaries to Muddy Creek. Canopy of Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, etc. Higman 397, 985. SALICACEAE 1. Leaves linear to lanceolate, acute; aments ascending Gre Ghhwadusmen po ono DO COO OU DOU OUD COOUDUOO OO ODO G0 G00 bO0 o meulab 1. Leaves broadly ovate or triangular, acuminate; aments arching Or droOping....escereeseccecscceccccesseevess POPuLUS Salix The species included in this key are those from the Washington- Baltimore flora (Hermann, 1946) which the available literature does not report as restricted to the Piedmont. Of these seven species, three (S. nigra, S. sericea, and S. tristis) are represented from the Maryland Coastal Plain in the U. S. National Herbarium. Only S. nigra has been found at the Chesapeake Bay Center to date. This key should facilitate the search for additional species there. 1. Leaves entire or sparingly undulate-crenate, narrowly oblanceolate to obovate; plant a shrub. (Also, aments preceding the leaves; staminate and pistillate flowers each with one basal gland.) Expected (S. humilis, S. tristis). 1. Leaves closely serrulate, linear-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate; plant a tree (shrubby in S. sericea). (Also, scales of ament pubescent.) 2. Aments sessile, preceding the leaves; scales blackish, persistent; capsules silky-puberulent; staminate flowers each with one basal gland. (Also, leaves acuminate, glaucous and silky beneath; stamens 2.) Expected (S. sericea). oF eebrasudts? io ‘ayeblay at Jeoupet tar met ‘ava $e Mee earl 238 .pllotbbanss ‘gust .edls suszeug to ; SASOAD TIAL a ee antbna ses RI0emMB <3 128 ee3alosoasl’ o3 (eames onsale 4 EDN GIa aE shoe o's Vs bv Ud bua bad one 0 tere thee «SS RROD 9 | ae moe fa e20eme .Sienimvon ,yalugneizs to stave yl bsotd> avail, BUIOGE Wage hsee eyed ds erinersentasvawayses oe QNiQoO¥h YO Sarno se eroseninvaW 65 mort seodd sxe woe aliit ef hebutont asiosqe sit : ROOD S2utarItl eldsltevs sd) do titw (AdCl. ruspryahH) stol® svoutt lag i : peSiaaga oaves saesida 10 thombs.oT sf9 o3 hojolriezat es. 2xoqst: 30a" 7 . Sra Moye beinseeiqer aye (ubivtys .2 bas ,s9atuop .2 yexghm .B) | eaTt | | Sate 2 YinO .mwtyedral {ecole .2 0 off3 Felt tetasog bo team ons yor ei? .93ab o3 +930399 ve las jd ts b Roa osd Ren siedd asiosqe fanooribbe +0ot doxwsse si3 os0skt ae yiworrso ,SI3snbs3a~sS3slubny rieeizece +o Ssa7b3a6 sana re : e3memm ,celA) .dutda se inalq j;atevode of $36 foasna dio |. Pp me bjeliigeltq bos sienlmatie :esvesl ody polbegszg — — a a, a, (panties 2) ers BOE Salen | ee ee a 84a. 2. Aments on leafy peduncles, accompanying the leaves; scales yellow, deciduous; capsules glabrous; staminate flowers each with two basal glands. 3. Petioles not glandular above at apex; stamens 3 to 8; pistillate flowers whorled. (Also, leaves long-acuminate). 4, Leaves glaucous beneath. (Also, leaves somewhat pubescent, especially on midribs). Expected (S. caroliniana). 4. Leaves green beneath... cc ccsccecesccescrcccccorse Of Rigra 3. Petioles glandular above at apex; stamens usually 2; pistillate flowers spirally arranged. 5. Leaves glabrous at maturity, with 4 to 6 teeth per cm. of margin; capsules short-pedicelled. Expected (S. fragilis). 5. Leaves silky-pubescent, with 7 to 9 teeth per cm. of margin; capsules sessile. Expected (S. alba). Salix nigra Marsh. Black Willow Java Farm. Infrequent, in freshwater portion of marsh at mouth of Fox Creek drainage and at the landward margin of small marsh on the north side of Fox Point peninsula. Hectares 3526, 3557. Associate species: Rosa palustris. Ivy Neck. Infrequent, in moist wooded strip at source of Cheston Creek estuary. Hectare 4733. Canopy of Diospyros virginiana, Robinia pseudoacacia, Platanus occidentalis, etc. Higman 465, 493, 525, 589. Populus 1. Leaves ovate, short-acuminate, wooly when young but glabrate at maturity; teeth remote, deltoid, unequal..... P. grandidentata 1. Leaves triangular, acuminate, glabrous at all ages; EeEeCEh, numerous, Equal. i seccceriereccsecesereveseiicsesees XP Cupened Populus grandidentata Michx. Big-toothed Aspen Java Farm. One station: rubbish pile on north side of headquarters, near big steel shed. Hectare 2489. Associate species: Paulownia tomentosa, Celtis occidentalis. Higman 913. cS ia phere ences ofaoe | Poms “dghw qone: exewolt oasritsie26 are fy 2 ‘enomst@ regan 3B avods. satiate Jon: eotokieniuel ae Re, Miinat oats) .bsktodw atewolt otsiltsetq 28 ed cae (edsnienosqgeol — | Isdwemoe. eevsol oats) .Hdsensd euoouslg ravaed ny beroaqet J(adizbim no wistosqes .tasoesdiq . (eagtniforss 127 Z at yaaa cise 5 bibieie.8 * 4'0's oo we BDUISO 123743 esyvead wh : : aoe . aa J aes > Se S$ vilavev endsmspte ;xsqs 3s svods telubnety .selotsel .f : . -bsgasize yYilattqe avswolt atelilvetg’ irae fiteesd 6 of } dtiw ,ytisujan ja evordsife asvsel ,¢ 3 i, my Cree ebalisstbsq-trods esliegss patgitsm jo .md 19q oh i »(etitgest .2) betsequa asq djsot @ of \ dttw ,jnssesduq-yllie sevpad .¢.) >> (edie .2) betosqxd .slitaasa eolueqes intgism to «mM he woLLIW don ia .fersM stata xbfe 90 ftuowm 38 dexsm to wolt1og yetewdes7? of ,3e9upertHI ore syst HRS fexeg 803 ao Herem Ilene to otyrem biswhnef si? Js bas sgemiayb Aeor0-x0F | Seetosge SistsoszA .TECl ,aSe@f eerstosH ,sivenineq Inkol xoT to Ssbzeo eixjayisg SeOR 1 fioseedd to g31v08 26 gixse baboow gatom at ,3msupetial .a59n “wt ae Same cae eozyqsoid io vqonn) . CET) stsi9sHh jy reutes abana 7 ® ,¢c6) hemethH .9796 VN et ede ile eunete ly Slosospbys ey sutugod tud pavoy medw yloow ,s2sclmune-srode ,otavd seven ae ef «««+«-faupsar ,bioiieb , stoma. diss? ;-ysisoden 35 etardatg - ¢eege [fs te avordaiy 1 Sienlonios eTaluguelss neveel, cite nami, 85. X P. eugenei Simon-Lewis Carolina Poplar (P. deltoides Marsh. x P. nigra L. var. italica Muench.) (X P. canadensis Moench var. eugenei (Simon-Lewis) Schelle) Ivy Neck. One station: two large trees in yard of old house near entrance road. Hectare 4658. Higman 1089, 1142. MYRICACEAE Myrica Myrica cerifera L. - Wax Myrtle Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant along shores of estuaries, under a variety of hardwood canopies. Infrequent on sand- bars and at margins of salt marshes. Higman 572. JUGLANDACEAE 1. Leaves with 10 to 17 leaflets; nut with fleshy indehiscent husk and irregularly furrowed shell; pith of branchlets Separdtine. into than: Plates ioiee «steers! ol cieio jeter sisiene\s ciel s ciere aiehetenere pd oulans P g Ue oe 1. Leaves with 5 to 9 leaflets; nut with dry, partly or wholly dehiscent husk and smooth bony shell; pith of DEANChLSES o) Htiw betatoores $e9701 Sauter Io yaonss baa yroserebow OSA ,@LfA ,8f) aemgif .evoda srdeia bap RARSAIVTAE ifust t(imiuseum) asgbis osbsut fijitw ,ttoom dra Ey a. ¥oldun :dogid ytaol ,bedol 6 To assed ea Ia Saltau ea . hel és rs veene ab eer cessbeudens8@g. glee Gar bebtiiot toofiiw ,29933 Imanoy! ne ylno nibeme Ata ook beenory etotsun bogntw [fees io todeun & Ikust FeaRgber snexd vial guotdby).,.sce2 & otal . wens eecccssouccesscseesbiOVO , 3053. (0 Bimsead ...\vslaolyvbatiyo escoo pratico7tio habeindaricee to dort aS «anodazol tis enetnbloiss # fosal sulf eee igaaserebov ods at soeimda yloterbom 62 InavpsyiAt bse eye00 «stiolibaats sugst to \yqoms3 yebau -Jeotet D4 ; aaqcole zaienq oF pmse. .599 ,sEsizgiiva 2OLL SBT amerghil vendaran 87. Alnus Alnus rugosa (Du Roi) Spreng. Smooth Alder (A. serrulata (Air.) Willd., var. vulgaris) Java Farm. One station: base of Fox Point peninsula, on north side. Hectare 3557. Canopy of Nyssa sylvatica, Quercus velutina, Quercus alba, Quercus prinus, Pinus virginiana. Associate species: Aralia spinosa, Prunus serotina, Acer rubrum. Higman 650. Betula Betula nigra L. River Birch, Red Birch Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent along banks of estuaries, bottom of Muddy Creek valley and on Fox Point Road. Occasionally found under Quercus prinus canopy. Higman 651, 1106 FAGACEAE 1. Leaves simple, sharply and regularly serrate, acuminate; fruit a nut in a spiny bur. 2. Leaves oblong-ovate; leaf buds linear-lanceoloid and sharply pointed; bark pale gray; large tree........ Fagus 2. Leaves oblong-lanceolate; leaf buds short and blunt; bark dark brown; stump sprouts only.......eeeeese++e Castanea 1. Leaves lobed, or if simple, entire or with round- tipped teeth; fruit a smooth acorn with a basal cup... Quercus Fagus Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. Beech Java Farm. Moderately abundant in mature canopy, especially on upland west of Muddy Creek and on north- and west-facing slopes of ridge between old entrance road and main building area. Less frequent on lower south-facing slopes overlooking the tidal portion of Muddy Creek. Associate species: Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Lirioden- dron tulipifera, Liquidambar styraciflua. Ivy Neck. Infrequent in southern part of Quercus alba forest on Scaffold Peninsula. Higman 277, 558. aatth Gon i ey BY » DLE EW (2h “elueatoaa Beak xoF to saad ooliete oy vy auotsuO ,soivavive seeyl to eqns). a iaetoege gisisoeeA .analnigiiv evatd ,svotsg's i 028 cemath .myxdux 1998 Deis tres cae ‘ i We euntig avox5: zoba HAZOAOAT tstaninwon ,ojarioe yizeliget bos ‘yiquede ,olamta soveas sud yatqe & ay tun 6 dintk "3s baa btoloasanl-teeatt ebud isel :s3svo-gmoldo asvasd of S a ™~ Biget .,....-.9972 satel iyerg stag dxed :hatatog yiquede } iS ttnulid bas Jsore sdyd—-tesl :stelosonsl-gaoido esveol Bs ie nonaies) cacuecseavusess¥ino eduetqs qguvta jowozd Axed disd 7 ‘ eS abovoz diiw ro otitas ,siqmiea 3k 10 ,bodol Boyes Buameup .. «quo Ieend 8 djiw otoos n3oome 6 Iiuxz jdjesd beqqta soget Hosea iyi ablottbassg suged” fo vlintosqss ,yqoces siv2em ot Jsasbauds ylsrsz9boM 387, : e 4c eeqole gnioni-jesw bas -d3ton ao bas jsex) ybbyl te teow & > Shsupex? east acts galbliud atsm bas baox: 9oMB1Ims pred: ; ‘ o aebbt 20 aolixog Lebta edd gatdoolrevo suits Rats MAGI: SEOIRIES « edie 2097900 ipere BULA QBANGS Z “geez an eee. * ae ea dak it 88. Castanea Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh. Chestnut Java Farm. Infrequent in mature mixed hardwood forest, occurring only as stump sprouts. Collected under canopy of Fagus grandifolia and its associates, also one station on Hog Island under canopy of Quercus prinus. Higman 107, 402. Quercus 1. Lobes or teeth of leaves not bristle-tipped; acorn cup with puberulent scales, rust- puberulent within. 2. Leaves not lobed, or with sinuses less than 1/3 of distance to midrib. (Also, leaves puberulent beneath; acorn puberulent above). 3. Acorns on peduncles 2-7 cm. long, exceeding petioles; leaves much paler and densely stellate-tomentose beneath, often shallowly lobed. Expected (Q. bicolor). 3. Acorns sessile or nearly so; leaves slightly paler and moderately stellate-puberulent beneath, coarsely serrate with sharp or rounded teeth (never lobed). 4. Leaves sharply serrate (tips of teeth round); acorn 1.5-2.0 cm. long, subglobose... Q. muehlenbergii 4. Leaves dentate with broadly rounded teeth; acorn 2-3 cm. long, ovoid-ellipsoid.......... Q. prinus 2. Leaves lobed with sinuses more than 1/3 of distance to midrib. 5. Mature leaves glabrous, whitened beneath, irregularly lobed (lobes ascending); acorn ovoid-ellipsoid, 2-3 cm. long, glabrous......... Q. alba 5. Mature leaves densely stellate-pubescent beneath, lobed like a cross; acorn ovoid, 1-1.5 cm. long, puberulent above........cceccceseceees Q. stellata EB a hoowtrend baxia srudam tt cen ae L te yqonmes sebosw bes5Slled. .edvorqa qmoge” ot tay conn bnefel goH mo goliaize efto. cele astsloosse $08 ,\OL-asmgrh Buo7eL0 Se { vai z inte oie . thiqqit-elietad tom eaves to) djaes to ‘godod | wk Pe i ~taux ,eslacse ineiureduq dahw quo stesso ae he he tdjhy trelorsdug:, “i godt peal esuunte rolw to, bedol jon esvash 20 a seyest ,oefh) .dizbim of somsteth-to €\E ' ,feveda Jnatvisdug mross jyitaensd tasinzaduq eg ygothbesox ,gaol .@> ‘~S asioaubsq no aniooA «Ef = vieaneb boa toleg doum ssysel peslotisag a viwollera sodte ,dissasd sacinamoy-sialisia ae ' (abtootd 0) hasogqxd . ,badol [gfella esvaci (oe virash yo sliveasgs' en 69A Vt joe Urieduq-otallate viedetebom hag 19tag Yo grade H3te soetxse ylsexssoo , dasnsd (sedol yevsn) dies3 . bebavet iysad,to aqhs jasiee-yigqisde esyast .- “= eeeseenei deh 0 ...0betoigdve ,gnoi .m 0.S-<.T ayooe ¢{bauot Bias sf . tvs8o% babguor vibsaxrd dilw stesjeab sovagl Beitsd 10 ~+0-- eee lougifls-btovo.,gcol .pa-f~S moos i Sonatelb to £\L oad? atom asevoted3tw: bsiod asveodi S08 dkabie en ; ddesnnd hewas tin evordals: aaueoliagutaM a ee | groas ;(getbaoves asdol) bedol yLxatogsaze oe paaritesveoesraae pent PL) Me sbneess iT (S)fekoghtove.aztoa jesora a satl RRP e Neh aicenschy (Bees: sO ¢ ot 89. 1. Lobes of leaves (or tip in Q. phellos) bristle-tipped. 6. Leaves unlobed, entire. (Also, leaves glabrous beneath, acorn globose, 10-15 mm. long; acorn cup very shallow, with appressed scales, nearly SESSILE) .cccrecececececccecccecrscsccvevescceseseses Q. phellos 6. Leaves lobed, the lobes usually cleft. 7. Leaves broadly obovate, shallowly 3-lobed. (Also, leaves rounded at base, minutely rust-puberulent beneath; acorn cup turbinate, with tomentose scales, covering about M/Z OL AMUC) iacschele lei siete) evelisis’ c.e'e(s eles! sisicls s[elele civieiereleie sO.) MaLaehanddica 7. Leaves oblong or elliptic in general outline, moderately to deeply 5= to 7-lobed. 8. Base of leaf blade rounded to petiole, often unevenly; basal lobes broadly divergent, terminal one long and narrow. (Also, acorn cup deeply saucer-shaped, covering 1/3 of nut, its scales appressed, rounded).......+++e+e0+- Q. falcata 8. Base of leaf blade tapering to petiole; lobes all ascending-spreading. (Also, leaves often pubescent only in axils of veins beneath). 9. Acorn cup turbinate, covering more than 1/3 of nut; leaf buds tomentose. 10. Upper scales of acorn cup loosely imbricated, forming a fringe, PUDESCENE. ce eeseeescreeeeereveceeeeeee Q. Velutina 10. Upper scales of acorn cup appressed, becoming glabrous. (Also, leaf sinuses often broadly circular; acorns often with pale concentric rings around the {esl D)) (olelalereueversvercha cers) eierershoeverelelelelalelcisias eto COCeIned 9, Acorn cup saucer-shaped, covering about 1/4 of nut; leaf buds usually glabrous (or tomentose above in Q. rubra). 11. Leaves lobed moderately, bottom of sinus rarely more than 2/3 the distance from lobe-tip to midrib; acorn cup 1.5-3 cm. wide; nut 2-3 cm. long. (Also, bark often with pale gray streaks on upper trunk; forest habitat). Expected (Q. rubra). - wwordsts * cuss oetA) ssthitae ‘idk aa rp \proon sgmol vom €1-0! lenodols wsoss ,aesasd ary tattaen eeeteoe Ressateqs. datw jwollade yray gE a. ae ee ee , tag iis wet ; edit ipiercttocti Caere eiheeeel are yleivatm ,sasd te bebavost seves! joalAa) me, ~Stenidiys quocntoos jyistseded snoliuraduq-danry, ie juods yatteves ,asisoea eaotnemod ddiw .-.- } PRM 0 wise ee eee nee e en atieeeeeee ones (Qu Bo SE ie a a cm ,oatiiuo Iexedeg ok obiaqtile xo.gnoldo asvesd .% -badol-t of -t. ylqseh ot yisaexsbor atte, ,slolisq 63 bshavor sbaid tes! to saad 18 Pete jinapgzsvibh vibaerd weedol, feand. ;ylosyvsoy a } mioos {oelA). ,worret bes gool sno Isntmyay = ; ae! sdun 26 E\L galbrevon ,bacqade~sa0usne Ylqseh guid Ne i MPOIEBs 60 sites eseeesaee, (hobnuor ,beaeerqgs esleon ett :slotieg o3 goitysqss sheid tasl to saad 38 aut ~OUTA) .goatbesage-geibascoes Lis eadol rs 30 alixe oft yino Jneszasduq nszio e5vesl (dtsened anisy nadd syom aaisevyoo ,stantdzut quo mrozA .2 ,Seotnanol-siunt’ teal som Yo EA viseool qus st096 t> aslase xsqal ,0L ~sgnit? » getoro? ,bstestadmt - ETDS AS Oe seal -daszasdugq — ,beowesqqe quo o1058 io eelase t9qel] .01 si BSaunle test ,osfA) .evordalg gnimoosd ~ i a ms32o amyoos jisivetts yibsord 15320 mid? brvota agnt:a oltiusonsos sisq Atiw MRD WD Ao seo sn cee eer eebeecdsrardswesnoen s (Gea 4oode gatisvoo ,beyais-ra90vsa gus mood We evortdaly yllawev ebud imel ;jud to #\ Lr ae - erduy s 2 awk asvode s20395m@03 10)" eae abate Yo msiod «Yaga room hodal -onrwna sift ohkiiws aS wos? sonsselb ada £\5 aad? szon ca - ema £2.) qua moze jdizhle ot Sa ie gat 2 6-3 3 abt -, weqqu. aes geo siw 89 a. 11. Leaves lobed deeply, bottom of sinus often 3/4 or more the distance from lobe-tip to midrib; acorn cup 1-1.6 cm. wide; nut 1-1.3 em. long. (Also, lower branches often spreading downward; frequently in old field » habitat). .cccceccccscccsvccncsceceecoscsecncvee Q. palustris Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm.? (Q. prinoides Willd. var. acuminata (Michx) Gl.) Yellow Oak Java Farm. Infrequent, large trees overhanging Rhode River (Fox Creek estuary). Adjacent forest canopy of Robinia pseudoacacia and Ulmus americana dominants. Higman 766. Q. prinus L. Chestnut Oak Java Farm. Co-dominant with Quercus alba in canopy at Fox Point and Hog Island. Hectares 3558 and 3592. Associate canopy species include Carya glabra and Carya tomentosa. Understory dominants are Pinus virginiana (at Fox Point under thin canopy) and Kalmia latifolia (at Hog Island). Understory associates include Ilex opaca opaca, Acer rubrum, and Liquidambar styraciflua. Ericaceous ‘shrubs numerous. Also one station in bottom of Muddy Creek valley, with canopy dominant Fagus grandifolia. Hectare 3403. Ivy Neck. Dominates most of the shoreline of lower Scaffold Peninsula, usually on banks 6 to 10 feet above the estuary. Co- dominants include Quercus alba, Carya tomentosa, Acer rubrum, and locally Fagus grandifolia. On Cheston Peninsula (west shore) Quercus velutina usually co-dominates. Understory resembles that at Java Farm. Higman 261. Quercus alba L. White Oak Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in.most hardwood canopies, on dry to moderately moist sites. Co-dominant on upland with Quercus velutina, Acer rubrum, Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa, Fagus grandifolia, etc. Often co-dominant with Quercus prinus on estuary shores. Higman 263. Q. stellata Wang. Post Oak Java Farm. Infrequent on banks of tidal portion of Muddy Creek, under canopy of Quercus velutina and Quercus alba. One station on Fox Point, under canopy of Quercus prinus. Prefers the shoreline, overhanging the water. Also adventive in Hog Island salt marsh. Higman 260, 275, 460. ‘ cen take sity 8L—l gu ttODR eee : ih oth Baioneid Yawol”) Geta)” aires: Dy alae is biett bio at ¢Linsapet? ;brawawod gnisestqe: (ah yp 9 wen Te Se eras ete seecsie hb Chen tennis aw Ie 31) —_ mlogia tigredas Ifeisa Pe sies » (yfo feta iahy gIagtovon .I8v ee 3 eas sbotf girignadrsvo eos2i sg 7a! pehnere need eval - shee Sididod to yaortes tes10? shen tbA ,{¥ravses doers tomy +) a “38% emgth .esmenkmob sao trons aug bas "flab stintesdto wh gmbrg 2 - y! #o8 de ydeneo ak sdia svotsul ditw dnaiimoh-o) .mysT aval poe oege> siatpossA .SP2E boa S2tb sersiosi ,bnalel goH bos sated. = WrovesShau .geotgemos sy'139 ban azdels py ted sbulont astosqe (tdones aida wabou tatot noe 2. an) sueTnigyh a auake oys esasnimob , Bhalont eessioorse yresetsbo = .fboalel gol ys) 5 Eronad! eioley~bos > suegsusiri .guliioejyte aadmabrups.t bne .widi7 399A ,898q0 wee jwediay Neex? yhbvM to mostod of solzois ano oetA ,svotemma sduade | -C00E 9483998 .atiotiberss eugs) wieobheob yqonso date Bhotiect «awol to sitferode off to Jeom estentmot gosh wv Mine “yrautes adj svode jest Of of 8 otasd wo yltecen ,slueakaed ae “ eMwidus 399A ,aeojyomos Ayre ,2dls gupie we sbufont ateasatmeb 5 ee 3aaw) sivenined aniesio nO .etlotrbabrs auget yileosol) Saad ealdmsest yYroseishal) =. es ssatimob .asite detom ylernrsbom oF wih ao ,esiqgonss 4 soybrsbotxst J prrverh qeoA -paksuloy a9 z900 d3iw Avge) weredteh ius Giasey0 Aitw Insatmob-o7 m9730 .229 ,stloitinsyy Sugey ,peowmemag | £34 camgih .savore yrautes Ao a . pga ated -giteW adebisze «2 7) gerd ybbuM to Sb heal tabs ic adaad ao Jnsupexital begshace syates @> moktaze onO .adin eusisup Son iy a Se nae g@atiozela sf2 ex1sie7l -detag jise boslal gol mt = ay 93 cae ot ogee i, \ oe 90. Q. phellos L. Willow Oak Java Farm. One station in Hog Island salt marsh. Hectare 3572. Associate species: Pinus virginiana, Juniperus virginiana, Liquidambar styraciflua, Quercus stellate, Quercus palustris, Myrica cerifera. Higman 278, 591. Q. marilandica (L.) Muench. Black-jack Oak Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent, associated with Pinus virginiana. Also at Java Farm: one station west of Old Muddy Creek Road, in canopy of Liriodendron tulipifera and Fagus grandifolia. Higman 407. Q. falcata Michx. Spanish Oak, Red oak (L) Java Farm. Moderately abundant in canopy of bottomland forest at northwest corner of Hog Island salt marsh. Hectares 3561, 3571. Adventive into the marsh. Infrequent on south-facing slope along tidal portion of Muddy Creek, with dominants Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, and Quercus velutina. Also one station on Fox Point. Hectare 3558. Canopy there of Quercus prinus. Ivy Neck. One station on east bank of Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of Quercus alba, Quercus velutina. Higman 91, 262, 404. Q. velutina Lam. Black Oak Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in most mature hardwood canopies, especially on upper slopes and moderately dry sites. Also moderately abundant on estuary shore of Cheston Point, where Quercus prinus would be expected. Higman 588. Q. coccinea Muench. Scarlet Oak Java Farm. Infrequent in canopy of mature upland forest west of Muddy Creek; also on ridge west of main building area and on south-facing slope overlooking meadow, north of main buildings. Canopy dominants include Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Liriodendron tulipifera. Higman 414, 557. Q. palustris Muench. Pin Oak Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant adventive in abandoned fields; associate species: Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua, Cornus florida, etc. Also at Java Farm: infrequent in valley of Muddy Creek, under canopy of Platanus occidentalig and Fraxinus americana. Higman Ya, Hoge Pbaater goat nt nolitede andl’ et . Roig eile , a2 dite betsinoodas ,Jusupatinl ‘toa we bite oe sbeoR Heat) yhbuli bf9 to sesw solttetu anc tmtsi ayat 3a Xow tiemgth .elioithns 20 teow Jeo0%0? beolou stidem to yqonrRo a taled tein ont "aval a e Besomaresio® to baa sexs golbtiud otas to Jeew aghix no cals vloet> ybbue, Demeenons ganeficoh eqona) .ugctbitud aiam to dafyon _,wobssa ashe ia ie Rmmmeazad BOS“ auiatooryse xedecbtupt! ,adte iyo19up st tottbngs al y2e , Al) apmgih says a0. old .tfoneuh al eyijosvbs tasbauds ylotsrsboM .doav yi base ore sas pues blupif ,mrxdyx 299k taeioags Pi able. at Snaupexiat- bara? evel 26, ols. tok ents ULMACEAE 1. Leaves entire, glabrous, prominently 3-veined at base, very oblique at base, usually with insect galls; buds appressed to stem; fruit a dark green drupe...... Celtis 1. Leaves serrate or dentate, pubescent or roughened on both surfaces (except U. pumila), moderately to slightly oblique at base, without insect galls; buds somewhat spreading; fruit a Samara......ccsececceeceee Ulmus Celtis occidentalis L. Hackberry, Sugarberry (L) Java Farm. Moderately abundant in old fields and along roadsides, especially those with oyster shell paving. Prefers calcareous soil. Ivy Neck. One station at old house, between entrance road and source of Scaffold Creek drainage. Hectare 4658. Higman 367, 370, 46350473 «483563354773: Ulmus 1. Leaves smooth, simply serrate, very slightly oblique at “base; “samaras-entirely glabrous dares. c tects oe oc os Uo pUMLLA 1. Leaves rough or harsh above, doubly serrate, definitely oblique at base; samaras pubescent. 2. Leaves slightly folded at the midrib, very harsh above, ciliate; buds and branchlets downy pubescent; samaras pubescent only in the center.............-. U. rubra 2. Leaves flat, moderately scabrous above, glabrous; buds and branchlets glabrous or sparingly pilose; samaras pubescent only on the margins............-. U. americana Ulmus pumila L. (not in Britton & Brown) Dwarf Elm Ivy Neck. One station: edge of bank above Rhode River, just north of Sand Point. Hectare 4769. Associate species: Maclura pomifera, Liquidambar styraciflua. Higman 1074. U. rubra Muhl. Slippery Elm Java Farm. Infrequent near northeast corner and in vicinity of pier. Associate species: Fraxinus tomentosa, Ulmus americana, Celtis occidentalis. Higman 347, 391, 619, 771. X Amati ray, ’ Pea iihatawe-t pee xtsersey euteaiies : sitet were "2p yekisy doeect taker: vies (send Se Supkido, qs renee eS quad neosg 266.8 shutl jets oF ais ab. benotiguos - ro tuasesduag , an tna To Starred eovsalaiay 62 Vistarsbom ,(ullmrg (i 2qsox9) esoatiue dio to: oo ghed ,;alieey tovent suandsiew .pecd 3H Ssupkian. yinigtieary (Oe ene gene Bp Pin sca al gaan = ; a ad vel aileamehto90 aha Y 49a Puethebnos gaoie bns ebfstt bilo at toabnuda yiecapsboM - mia syst on . fio euoetooles exelent gaiveq ifsda ters tie seuds Yitetseqea’s a bre heey sonnisne ooewied , savor bfo se noeliasse eed Hoek VOL ae : tG .18l nstietH |.8¢0) sisatool sonttpib Aser) bioiies® io s2Iseaeae ¥, £ F ? ENN (£00. 28) CUA ; stptido yittigtie «1sv ,sJatise yiqilte ,100Mms gsvaad of 4 Si tomy U eee OeRe ee teehee eee ruc Ws isylins Fatamss a) esd 33. Ti viedinkteS ,ctevise yidvob ,svods fete to naveT eovedd of 4 gnsodsdiig-sstansa juesd 3s Ssuplide Heved vrev ,ditbim siz is bobfot wlsdgtia eevasd 5S om ‘Snenkedua yswob esoliiomard bas ebud ;a3ebifo ,evods : MEGS WE iw ies we wses ois799ne5 off mt vine tosadedug #atemeR ‘ne i: ; oS , = : févotdely .svode evordeoa Ylotatslom ,$sl2 aevEsd V5 Fh pedokiq vinotisqe yo evotdslg e.eldsnewd bes ehue aa ene etwas, oD vecevesu......80bg3en oF iio Vind Jgencedig wazamey al “$45 - ‘ tee ‘acacae os atte oii jrewd (oword @ govsiwe mt bb: a he aM Sut .xevid sbold svoda dund to sgbs) :stoltete sod 490% evt HY : mp loait taabseqe staisoesA — .29T4 eréesccH ,inkol bos@ ae peso a OTOL semgil eat Rts orga zedeabianeay Perett, —— ydhatorv bas sei10> Tersizron 7980 eoiiaiin ee toe penny 92° U. americana L. American Elm Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields north of main building area. Associate species: Celtis occidentalis, Liquidambar styraciflua, Quercus palustris. One station along shore of Muddy Creek estuary east of Hog Island salt marsh. Associate species there: Robinia pseudoacacia, Cornus florida, Liquidambar styraciflua, Prunus aviun, Morus rubra. Ivy Neck. Infrequent in Quercus alba forest of central Scaffold Peninsula, Higman 428. MORACEAE 1. Leaves entire; branches with axillary spines; staminate flowers in rounded racemes; mature syncarp (fleshy aggregate fruit) 7 to 15 cm. in diameter, with a dry Tesl'TA levers el alloleversns) sVevetel are efsie/ ate eile e)leie/atelsvere (ele) sieleieielereie oretolel ehepeneroa AC UIZA 1. Leaves coarsely serrate, often lobed; branches spineless; staminate flowers in long aments; mature syncarp 1 to 2 cm. thick. 2. Buds with 2 or 3 scales; syncarp globose, with PLOLTUCAN EHF GUA ES ee srererave o/atatevereve' severe! oles si ela’'s ol eVevererele, es DEOUSSONeLELa 2. Buds with 3 to 6 scales; syncarp cylindric or ellipsoid, juicy, the fruits not protruding........ Morus Maclura Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneid. Osage Orange Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant along coast of upper Cheston Peninsula, both on the Cheston Creek and Rhode River sides. Also in hedgerows and along drainage of Cheston Creek above the estuary. Higman 869, 1010. Broussonetia Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent. Paper Mulberry Java Farm. One station: west fence of field at northeast corner of Farm. Hectare 3600. Associate species: Liquidambar styraciflua, Ulmus americana, Ulmus rubra. Higman 346, 1137. Fs iudksacer whis3 bLo ‘ak diiduinataal: “Tepe Seah p Zadmebtuptd ,aifeinsbios0 sivisd tastoeqs steak WYbbuM to-erode acols motjaie sa sarxteutages teyens esisege etJalsoasA .flasam Jina bnetet «hublioszyse gadmehiuphs ,sbiuplt aun), PROVIRHA Ketdnes 26 deo767 stile guorsuO ab tnsupstInk foal wl By rae .B88 neagth -slucaieat | mM re ‘3 = Bee tek RAS DARON va J ‘ Ss <0 ) Jaglease gusdkqe yisilian dtiw sarisneyd pathos govead. at = witett) qisoays stusem ;8emeoK87 bobicot at arswolt “eb og itive ystomsth al smo OL ot \ (25utk esagorgge ca ae “ BIISEN «+... ie S as hoe ulE 6 SP A Pak Core et bed cbeeeenasRiee =~ S >- i 7 gerloneid ;bsdof matto ,staerrse visutuos savesteek ae gyujem yatooms grok ml exsawolt steningie jweelentgd Motd2 .wo fos I grajrye i itjiw , seaods syanayes;eeiaoa & xo S$ datw. bua wal” 2 TE a ee »atint? rathuttorg ¥o Dttbnil¥s ocacave. pealseve § oi -£ Adiw ebhe of BOGOR cs...i.igatbusicig jow ativxt sda ,yolut ,Stoegriis Tee eptend s_gee0 sbiaoriod (.ta8) Brsiteeg sxulogh—— be ~ = Memes ao Aeh05 grole Jaobouds yisisre5em 44 upas til, swoon eve feahta vevi sbhod% bos fos) noteedd sd? co d3toe ,alesatoe? noveae aeene Bos avoos Weer) cojasd) to sgeniuxd gots bars wwowsgbed rk oetaA co -OLOL , 208) opmgkey y, aisonossuo3§ emrediuM roqe% ine (.J) sxettagaeg 1a e. Aapsiszon 35 biett 29 sonsi taew ane 93. Morus 1. Leaves densely pubescent on veins and surface beneath.. M. rubra 1. Leaves pubescent only in axils of veins beneath........ M. alba Morus rubra L. Red Mulberry Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent in understory of a variety of mature hardwood canopies; seems to prefer low stream banks, poorly drained woods, etc. Higman 425, 527, 770. M. alba L. White Mulberry Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent, same habitat as Morus rubra above. Higman 479. URTICACEAE Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. False Nettle Java Farm. Infrequent along old entrance road near culvert of Muddy Creek and along new entrance road near culvert of Fox Creek drainage. Both sites densely shaded by adjacent forest. Associate species: Lycopus virginicus, Cryptotaenia canadensis, Agrimonia microcarpa, Elephantopus carolinianus. Higman 458, 978. POLYGONACEAE 1. Outer sepals wide-spreading or reflexed, inner ones (vaiives) @enlangedVinhiruidt. SF cevwiee-. 6 ive avelthele «ae SH RUMEX 1. All sepals equal, erect or ascending and petaloid. 2. Styles 2, deflexed and hooked, persistent on achene as rigid beaks; flowers remote on terminal raceme, GetVexedy Tm bx UAE i cio) orerclelleleellelcl o\eie: « “allah ei ells daloneitetevelelevele siete MEOMAIa! 2. Styles 2-3, not deflexed or hooked, deciduous; flowers in dense raceme, not deflexed in fruit...... Polygonum Rumex 1. Leaves hastate, with 2 spreading basal lobes; racemes red or yellowish; flowers dioecious; plant spreading by slender horizontal rootstocks.....sscsscccccvcccsees Re acetosella “e to Wbsh Sb beisi it vOVE Krssd Le sshd Bidys fuze! ae jatidad omar AASZOAQTT at “gla4en seist 20-239vlu> yaed beox ssae72 MAetD woOT 96 dgrselys 4 S3BL508G4 Jarratt Sopot bs etvomiryA 2 olan SbArs > ete | Bee rissyy. my tp Yo 3 a AS rant aor , osx sPLiisieq: bea uni La2e74 MONinies of Qnetse oo , @Os 207 beyaq e+e ¥. ee eb « phaawbicsh , bodood «280972 pi bexeltsh gan eG@nec82 :nedol Jsaed , sethassge Seine S7ith! Pn eEroon 1ainad mietse wor voltexg geek ,tdeaups sal ae) blo sols toaupetiay ry bate akoesjodquyd eupstatioxvss « $30n8 ‘ eetgonso boowbxad S%udam Incite iia osits b M ae nr Bimpiy aoe yvE Bas avet evel OUP nesreeh we Ral) gotzbahivs piresdoog , a erst syst (ae ins Asoxd ybbuwt” ¢issnsb f708 =. seeckanb uolotnriv augoowy ‘taskosa™ iosigo tt . 20783079 hae SIfRIINS weer. sols Stte Po Le \AHODY JOT iw eleqse yeaud oii beataine (esviav) .isupe eleqes ELA Ee $07 bas Sfselteb f asleve J NS9wolt p-wised bists as tveecesyaeestina? of boxed aab VERO! ton ,t+f aalysé z M56 aeneb at exewol? 70 XS gaibssiga § daiw! wea Btrakq ,suotssath mxewold $m ew Ssimew dhe ad serv ecw +elaetesoa% | 94, 1. Leaves without basal lobes, entire or with crisped or uneven margins; racemes greenish, brown in fruit; flowers monoecious or perfect; vertical taproot. 2. Margins of leaves entire, not crisped or uneven. (Also, margins of valves entire). 3. Salt marsh or sub-aquatic habitat; leaves narrowly elliptic; fruiting pedicels clavate and He LUSK re are ace etahe ele er erore catote: oreke tate cabo revehatadehe R. verticillatus 3. Terrestrial habitat; leaves oblong-lonceolate, with cordate bases in one species; fruiting pedicels slender, not reflexed. Expected (R. altissimus). 2. Margins of leaves undulate or crisped. 4. Valves entire or obscurely dentate. (Also, valves broadly ovate; leaves with crisped OF NeCrumplled™ margin). 6. scc cece ccc cn ses sc sie eet Re. CEISpUuS 4, Valves with long teeth. (Also, habitat not saline; margins of leaves slightly uneven). 5. Plant 2-7 dm. high; length of panicle more than? 4/2: hetght#of* plants. 21.2 .seeecccsessces Re pulcher 5. Plant 6-15 dm. high; length of panicle less than 1/2 height yofipllanth. ssiiccelsiewm eclgecln jee) Re Obtusttolaus Rumex acetosella L. Red Sorrel Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant in dry, open soil (abandoned fields, roadsides, etc.) Higman 590, 759, 1083. R. verticillatus L. Water Dock Java Farm. Moderately abundant in salt marshes along Muddy Creek. Associated with Panicum virgatum, Scirpus spp. Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in estuarine salt marshes and at coastal overflow ponds on Cheston Peninsula. Higman 289, 945. R. crispus L. Sour Dock Ivy Neck. Infrequent in abandoned wheatfield. Also one station in dry, sandy halophytic marsh on tip of Scaffold Peninsula. Higman 68875,,.852,,, 95, 97/5. de x0 pitas asdol haved sunday asi i tak ‘qword ,deinserg come>er jaskgiam maven) suiah gen amend iia meek bee t8 “maven, bid hegetz> Jor ysstane pave to enkgrent -(suktne aavisv 36° eatgied: ee ile Dy : asavals etuitont etn rosette vivesiad bt Dawa tbencverrsvcnrsteetrysere reaper se DSROLIRS ” Dns 4 ~atalosonol-gnoldo eevest sdertdad Intvtesxtel 5 gatitturi jeslosqe sno nt esead steixoo cae | ‘ale basneced bexeslies ton ,z9bnela alostheq | <8 lie pee, i fuee¢ a ae | (gumbeststs -«2) mac: _ «beqeira +o e3aivbay asvael to entgiat See a ,~oe tA) .acge2neb ylewuoudo to axtins esvisv Va n beqeiaa ditw apvael ;stavo ylbsoid asviav + in BOABETS 1H nev caceeevecess paavavevessl(aistan belqgurrs +70 —, | na 1 ian Paap regitise Jom Jatidsd ,osfA) 2987 aot site aovinv 4 _ Losvenu yiltigti« asvesl To aniatem a g3tom sininag Yo dtgosl yigtt .mb (+S dnsld .e es i MBGOLOG A oe eee eee seca seee ess Sealg to adgted S\l mars “7 a Wits geal atolasa Yo dtgcel sdgkt .mb *l-0 Joald FOO ho sevssorvess essvoeneedaalg to jdgitend S$\f nad Iexr02 bef ; wl ailsgojeus xemum QL Snsbevds yloiaiebom o¢ tnaupavinI does" yvi bos mist sval ; a gORe maogili (.29s .eeblebseor ,abloti benchiada) Lioe gaqo Tah cee x £800,868 ee Aood 1938W “ sd gusstikotszev aay WhbuM gaols estiexsm Jice al teaboude ylstatsboM .azet evel 6Gqe asuqzine .swisarty mustass djiw bateiooaahé sept Ge bas e5detem 3ise satyeuies st Josbanin ylersrabok toot vl > e880 ,08S momgth .alivectnasi wo2 asd? ao absog wolltxrsvo ee Ao0d 202 ‘ J sae 7 me soaked ach bone »biett2 w benobasds ot tnoupsziel ai biottes® Yo qi3 co dezam sky 7 95% R. pulcher L. Dock Java Farm. One station: grassy patch at entrance gate. Hectare 2463. Associated with Cyperus strigosus, Perilla frutescens, Trifolium spp. Higman 1084. R. obtusifolius L. Bitter Dock Java Farm. One station: on Fox Point Road just before turn eastward to Fox Point; in front of old barn. Hectare 3543, Ivy Neck. One station: abandoned road through forest on Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Robinia pseudoacacia, Nyssa sylvatica, Morus rubra. Higman 523, 976. Tovara Tovara virginiana (L.) Adans,. (Polygonum virginianum L.) Virginia Knotweed Java Farm. Infrequent; seems to prefer moist, partly shaded sites. At entrance gate; along entrance road under canopy of Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, Liquidambar styraciflua, etc.; on moist valley of Muddy Creek under canopy of Fraxinus americana and Platanus occidentalis; and at main buildings. Higman 38, 65, 354, 538. Polygonum 1. Plant prostrate-spreading; flowers in axillary FASCIcleS, ..ccrsecccesccccescevessessccvececsresevseees BP. aviculare 1. Plant erect; flowers in spiciform racemes or panicles, or capitate. 2. Stem prickly; leaves sagittate or hastate. 3. Leaves sagittate; inflorescence capitate........ P. sagittatum 3. Leaves hastate, the basal lobes horizontally spreading; inflorescence a short raceme or PAmUCWe:. (oi. <\ fellate lokebofoie «teks Clekoks) ote lexeietereNalelieveustetelee wis oy Leen AtskOlenum 2. Stem smooth; leaves elliptic. 4, Ocreae (sheathing stipules) without marginal cilia. By 319. take Sno) ar wes soo waaeet Lito 3H oe SAG, aM ote Ay: 2) vqiinre pitta ee pause. 3 ee to: yd ie as ‘ et 2 by i a Oy wean ae : vtGR vaanrang tA cy egy Sabeaind, 2.590) suitioe PRdwmeb iLL.) . «eee ino. sug 7 euiedett b were Faint eae ry iy 2G “oocks anmr taayO sbhult™ i tea bes .e8 28 avavarh aeatbdddkl, apes Se oo MJ vt tiyee SVR ue whist be tepals Peak) Shy eae deed eaveiel pt te, oieoer acta » shirenssFolany, ignibssxqs Me al gy Ate ae Tabara 96. 5. Leaves strigose; peduncles and axis with Stalked gilandShvefstesi sic cile/c) else (ee elle) ele eles) scissile eel vo PENSylvanieum 5. Leaves glabrous to scabrous; peduncles and axis glandless. (Also, ocreae short-strigose; base Of plan CKEePANG) erste cie's eres ele ci a's w olersitain stele ev) NYA Lop peroldes 4. Ocreae with marginal cilia (lower ocreae may have top torn off). 6. Plant annual, with fibrous roots. 7. Mature calyx glandular-punctate. 8. Calyx greenish; achene dull. Expected (P. hydropiper). 8. Calyx white; achene lustrous........... P. punctatum 7. Mature calyx glandless. 9, Leaves ciliate on margins and lower veins; spikes terminal, 3-5 mm. thick; cilia of ocreae equal to or longer than the sheath... wsccnesccseccsssecss Fs CeSpitosum, var. longisetum 9. Leaves glabrous, or sparsely strigose beneath; spikes in panicles, 7-11 mm. thick; cilia of ocreae shorter than the sheath. (Also, leaves often with purple blotch above but this character not, Consustent)cciiee siecle P. persicaria 6. Plant perennial, with subligneous forking rootstocks. 10. Mature calyx glandular-punctate.......... P. punctatum 10. Mature calyx glandless. 11. Calyx pink; leaves glabrous to scabrous; ocreae short-strigose...... P. hydropiperoides ll. Calyx white; leaves strigose; ocreae Stricose-hirsute... sss. seeceecescceee Fe Setaceum See also Appendix I., p. 229: P. cristatum. ae hpaEanibed panies ei tS lahore: 0 ne amet parodia sa ok aoucdals Pere: ). gasd :saogtyia-s10rle “Scaka0 ,oetA). eselbasig | ci bisencacnesZerenaces senses e(giitgsays tasl¢, =" went ‘Beet30" reat Brits lantgzen dsiw cae ee fis . Qo mod qed ove so -8io0% anode kw _ feunns aaatt a3 . ; Se duikbukiinn hua te xy iss oyuIAy A | ae -{Iubh sfedoa ;dainsess ets "5 =, ‘ za »(tegkgotbyd .1) bssooqxe —= UNE! 2 er) puotiaut snstion isiinw xyied .6 geslbosis xvise s7uteM—.< | = rea s J. ” d »: = = = saiol bne enigrtad so stailio' asvsed .e “s ) ) fhekde .eme-E , feoteres ectlge (eatev yegnol'to o2 Isups sasia0 Jo elite ..3seds odd Hadt «3 See euvereceay tas eee .15y = ed0girte yieemmqe 10 ,auotdsls aevesd é¥ Ei-< .asloinsa mi esiiqa ;dtnansd aioe sed} x93t0de anotac Yo atlta pasta ; ddiw oegta eovesl ,onfA) § .Moeede ag i = aida tud svods rotold siqzugq See ae .+ee(3nstaianes ton 193587819 — — gnivxzot euosngtidve dtiw ,{elnasieq jnslt .a Sy : . 84509425607 es a | Stray ees ssdetonuq-relobnels wyles etuaeM s0L enathaaia xyiss nus) a ,O£ en =, 9a ectndats advacl ytokq xvfed«, 20" : aS... .se0gtisa-29ode sesiczo pavordson je _. Baetso jaaoghade esveol pean xiao" I : aot I ae a a ete _ rom @ a i : — Di. Polygonum aviculare L. Smartweed Ivy Neck. One station: unpaved road to abandoned wheatfield. Hectare 4740. Associated with Diodia teres, Lespedeza stipulacea, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Cyperus strigosus. Higman 1059. P. sagittatum L. Smartweed Java Farm. Two stations: freshwater part of Fox Creek marsh (associated with Aster puniceus, Lycopus virginicus, Leersia oryzoides, Solidago graminifolia, Impatiens capensis), and in marshy western end of Phalaris arundinacea meadow north of main buildings (associated with Polygonum punctatum, P. pensylvanicum, Scirpus rubricosus). Higman 152. P. arifolium L. Smartweed Java Farm. One station: low bank of Muddy Creek, adjacent to west end of meadow above. Hectare 2467. Canopy of Platanus occidentalis, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera. Understory of Lindera benzoin, Cornus florida. Higman 1055. P. pensylvanicum L. Smartweed Java Farm. One station: large clump at marshy western end of Phalaris arundinacea meadow north of main buildings. Hectare 2467. Associates: see P. sagittatum above. Ivy Neck. Infrequent in open fields, unpaved roads. Associated with Strophostyles umbellata, Desmodium perplexum, Lespedeza stipulacea, Oenothera biennis. Higman 151, 1023, 1123, 1124. P. hydropiperoides Michx., forma leucochranthum A. H. Moore (form not in Britton and Brown) Smartweed Java Farm. One station: border of salt marsh at upstream end of tidal portion of Muddy Creek. Hectare 3403. Associated with Mikania scandens, Pluchea camphorata, Lobelia cardinalis, Hibiscus palustris, Typha latifolia. Higman 80. P. punctatum Ell. Smartweed Java Farm. Infrequent in fresh and brackish marshes. Stations in Hog Island salt marsh, muddy shore of tidal portion of Muddy Creek, in Fox Point salt marsh, and at marshy west end of Phalaris arundinacea meadow north of main buildings. Associates in freshwater marsh: see P. sagittatum above. Associates in salt marshes: Aster puniceus, Atriplex patula, Scirpus americanus, Distichlis spicata, Kosteletzkya virginica. Higman 58, 153, 449, 990, 1245. banobasds. or. iad Bevicicte tnoktaq2. an Hae g39 apres Stioke daiv bazaroonns 4 aparg tt - pamontaze, satel . otngyl) _ baowsta08. ‘eta ‘sheet en Yo diay. satevileort renobiade owt’ "ance haat ea ad Ab quot OLAtsy gEgooysd ~ snaijsqul “stlotinimess _bptviacees) egnibliod aksm io dyson wobsem ee eizete pa. feueookscus guguto® ,musie sevivensq «3. eugeioaea a ae boswaramtt oe a i ea! gnacetive wiserD ‘ybbutt to adasd wol cwotte2e a0, vist svete) se ar Ie: Z io yqocn {8a erieisel ssvede wobrmem to bee pe : , . Siebatt ta yaote rebel ersiighivs goxbasbot sil nptloXtbass 2 : ccUL aemg ili BULTIC ay gneted tho boawa sae. ad nusbnov tives 4 . scobicia on0 .nasT SYBES: 4 =e shoo Wisteow vdesem 2a qmuto eonel at a rey sveiosh .tankbined otem to dito wobeom s9osat bouts ee syods mutsiiigee . cn san ie@26tD ; iy) 7 Sn phiett aeqo al jasuparinl dost evil begebooaeA «sheer bevegau qvbigelugite ssoboqaad ume lgse4 f aut bomast. Bisll oem Uy Badx seorqorse Ate Deir ,fSi1 ,£802% ict nemgit ~alanald siedseaihy , .xeork sabLorsciaon bed «h i i a a gi90M -H .A nus tapadoosuet ourrok. Be a ' boaw si Amd (awovd bos godaive of ton mio2) ~ a oe Any Wasssequ +e sare Iiee to yabaod inobyets sat erat ave’, 6 Bhaslit Haiw besetooesA FOat staiaeH .Jesr2 ybbuM to roks2oq {abkq | eitinules gunetddh atin. pbs sn> siisdol ,ejazodemes gegould ,eaS50 08 peng -ehloitsal ae ~44it muaagOaea « Rarlecent dazdanad bot teaxt ot Josuportel,’ tet pap ) oll te notinoq. beta! to. ogo ebbum Tintaianidl ond “egatblied arenes 98. P. punctatum, var. Leptostachyum (Meisn.) Small (variety not in Britton and Brown) Smartweed Java Farm. One station: large abandoned field south of entrance road and east of road to springhouse. Solidago graminifolia, Rubus spp. Rhus radicans, and Lonicera japonica dominant. Higman 132. P. cespitosum Blume, var. longisetum (deBruyn) Stewart Smartweed Java Farm. Three stations: along entrance road between gate and Muddy Creek (canopy of Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, Liquidambar styraciflua, etc.; associate species Desmodium spp., Agrimonia microcarpa, Elephantopus caroliniana, Tovara virginiana); two stations along Fox Creek ditch (canopy of Juglans nigra, Liquidambar styraciflua; associate species Perilla frutescens, Duchesnea indica, Eupatorium serotinun, Geum canadense). Also observed along stream at northeast border of farm. Higman 35 223 Lae O2 2 Polygonum persicaria L. Smartweed Ivy Neck. One station: near small barn on south bank of artificial pond, Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4723. Dry, umshaded. Associate species: Potentilla norvegica, Ipomoea hederacea, Abutilon theophrasti, Eleusine indica. Higman 1002. P. setaceum Baldw. (P. hydropiperoides, var. setaceum (Baldw.) Gl.) Smartweed Java Farm. One station: north boundary fence, adjacent neighbor's cornfield. Associate species: Ambrosia trifida, Clematis virginiana, Amaranthus hybridus. Higman 1243. CHENOPODIACEAE 1. Leaves alternate, or the lower opposite in Atriplex, flat, neither reduced to scales nor spine-tipped. (Also, plants erect; stems and branches green with white longitudinal stripes; flowers in small, spicate clusters). 2. Terrestrial habitat; flowers perfect; calyx 5-parted. (Also, leaves narrowly to broadly lanceolate, entire to dentate).......e..eeeecceeee» Chenopodium 2. Salt marsh habitat; flowers unisexual, monoecious or dioecious; calyx absent in pistillate flowers, these enclosed by two appressed bracts. (Also, in species collected, leaves hastate; spikes reddish)......... Atriplex : -davoe bielt saribomadi eerer” anoles’ 980). ‘avak imgxa Onsbt le? .<.deiorlgmttae oF bao 30 Fass 4S BV og santa § txswoIe _(aqodieb) he RON grole anotiaia ows ase erate caasl zen pre 19 madae Pidteksoses ‘aut| Lome, tadmsbtupt!t ,ergtn gosigul to ygousa) dosh nee be Eyoiequa ,sotbhat eoqeodoud ,enosussuxt & ifs at agto esl ies utping. LH nee io wobted Jensi2s00 26 mistia yeols bavysads os fA ~) a ie 3 pee hie ESSE ps) Baawt +2002 aul sixesterag Bie 7 “fstorttos Molanad dsuoe do oxsd Slame sus implies sn0 toot yi | StalooanA sbebstinas «yd ,CL(+ ervesosll ~ atuenioed mojaand baoy Pans wolkists \wwarebet noowogl ,esinevion sil tiasso4F perce "S00L- mamytl Botbar sateys. a >< «whied my susoeioe 4 baewsy7 ane (1d Cuwbt ef) gpese3se. «IBV . zablowsgiaorbyd se # pEenMaten 2henatbs ,souet ytabriwod diron :moltteje se0 .orxel aval - ,abtitx) steotdmA <:astosqe Siseiooesa blabiexoo Po. .CASE nemgth vevblydya el FATIALMOVORSND a oes - — Ate dh MaiolijA mh astuoqqo iswol 93 ae yosmasod ls torn E .baqgij-ontgs ton eslese oF beavber wediisa joey megzg esdoaatd bas amste 3581s efoatg ,oaLA) ie ~tiame al erswoli issqizte tantbud taco! ettdw dake ‘él : + (uteawurts eit a . iy Ae are8 _ geties, Gaostieg eiowol? :an2bdad ‘falbed 179) gibeord 03 ylwomrsn esvesl joelA) ) \Betuaqet Dyke raten ¢ys «bbb s vss Contents de ae 99, 1. Leaves opposite and reduced to scales, or alternate and spine-tipped. Expected (Salicornia, Salsola). Chenopodium 1. Leaves and inflorescence glandular, aromatic. Expected (C. ambrosioides, C. botrys). 1. Leaves and inflorescence not glandular but often farinose (covered with mealy substance in dry specimens). 2. Principal leaves deltoid or rhomic to broadly ovate, their margins serrate or sinuate. (Also, seeds all horizontal if collected in late autumn). 3. Leaves with lustrous upper surface, coarsely serrate margin, and long petiole, usually not farinose; inflorescence short, spreading, branched. Expected (C. murale). 3, Leaves with dull or glaucous upper surface, sinuate-dentate margin, tapering to short petiole, slightly to densely farinose; inflorescence of dense clusters, these forming long, short-branching, continuous or interrupted spikes. (Spikes may be shorter than leaves in C. rubrum). 4. Terrestrial habitat. 5. Leaves glaucous above, densely farinose beneath; young stem greenish; fresh calyx- lobes barely keeled. (Also, leaves and inflorescence often red in late autumn; leaves subtending the individual spikes narrowly linear, unlike the serrate cauline ILCEKTAS) ASRS GN Se Dada Ohtioddo6006d0nodo0.c00) Go ullown 5. Leaves dark green or yellowish, slightly farinose beneath; young stem red or purple; fresh calyx-lobes strongly keeled. Expected (C. paganum). oe je essen a oaacaayotine baa § eget Be) gektols: gocdnte ‘wD baiogqad woke 31 Se ee : gosto sid xalubaels ton sonegusxotiad bose eovadt lt ni il ae aoresedue \ vieais aw heave) aacnkaat ; . ina — coma vibscrd of Simons to biotish env let | Fanteaereae yoalA) .stsunte 20 sjariae anhaven thads jsisve. toswtun ets! ar fhetoslties +2 fsamoaxs mod Dis -ehage ~~ ¥ledyHod ,s5eTIve TaqTgV suortant dake soya ah “a Joo Yifavisu., sfolso4 pol bas | ,abgzem SIs2798 i gat baaige , 71008 ggnaneatorant psnont at » (aise 3) betoegx had sass =, by 7 7 Soetvus T9qqu BNOOve+—% +o Livb date eevest «€ azole oF garitoqe? jkginm Statnebstavatar’ 7 seaonkte? vlornol oF yi tigite ,sketsegq ‘io aa . eeed2 ,eisgeuls aeneb > aonsoestot Sat hy mid gvouns 09 gaidonerd=2 tons geol gaterek (neo re ssi2ode od van eedtq?) eestiqe betqurvesat 10 Rr {muadea «2 ot asveat ment: " ntidald Ieiyaeossa® +? a Sa0nius? ‘{ euylas desxt ;deinesig s5% sauoy saisened a bes evsveol ,oelh, Eefosk ylored asdol sue vite siel nt bax "ast etpsosetol tar senkqs Ispbivtbnt at gntbasidue esveast eatirtes eisitse os siitfnu ,reeclLl yiwerzed . byes (apveed ; “F Bidie -y Port wie sebeaen aves sows ae ew ees 4 = ia S eittigiie tekwolley to 19974 drab aovesd «& © - Gee skiqueq 26 dst mote QnUOY sdissasd seonkwed tte =a besasqx4 .bsiaedt vignorse asdol~xelsa, Mearhiey > iii _- + (auasses , twa? wisensh .avoda evosuelg’ seven & is 100. 4. Salt marsh habitat. (Also leaves and inflorescence red at maturity. Seeds often VET CAC all) yoie) ailsiere) ei ¢/ ehe/ielcfiar/alele ol eiwleielisi sieve oveielsrslecoforeleien Cu UD CUM 2. Principal leaves lanceolate, elliptic, narrowly ovate or oblong, the margins usually entire (often sinuate in C. glaucum). Ex- pected (C. glaucum, ;C. leptophyllum, C. lanceolatum). Chenopodium album L. Lamb's quarters Java Farm. One station: entrance road near read to springhouse. Hectare 3408. Dry, unshaded site. Ivy Neck. One station: abandoned wheatfield. Hectare 4772. Higman 982, 1121. C. rubrum L. Goosefoot Java Farm. Probably in salt marsh near Fox Point Peninsula. (Collected by H. David Hammond). Atriplex Atriplex patula L., var. hastata (L.) Gray Spearscale Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in salt marshes. Associate species: Polygonum punctatum, Distichlis spicata, Scirpus robustus, Kosteletzkya virginica, Rumex verticillatus, Pluchea camphorata, etc. Higman 60, 276, 282, 450. AMARANTHACEAE 1. Leaves alternate, anthers 2-locular. (Also, flowers unisexual; filaments separate). 2. Salt marsh habitat; flowers dioecious; leaves lance-linear; spikes remotely flowered in loose, spreading, panticey siiversieiecleiehegersiepecckenedelsl slohevenenaeielereieier se ACO LG al 2. Terrestrial habitat; flowers monoecious; leaves lance-ovate; spikes densely flowered in compact, EFECE PANTeiller. cicieleis sislerlereiolsielelsieielslelsielelererelecieteriele Amaranthus 1. Leaves opposite; anthers l-locular. Expected (Iresine). ‘aqui ‘ytvibbse one aunt Pu enigzea sit ,gaolde 70 stevo vivortan a nd Ait Sa330) feels — spouts OF baer 890 haot 9onst3ne snolisse an0 othe. bebadenu see RETA szagvall” |idettisodw benobands fsoliste a0 Aden” wt, ; {SEE SOY nigh i |. sobRea090 a meme Pee | Bie usbosetne! intel xc% xen dasem tise ck yfisdoxt wisi svat | ms ; . Conasineh brved Vo wd baraaklod) — metgtz3® a | TRY jy ad eluisn wal 4 =e ee | piessissd? aid (1) gieigen ie = a Oe . wbedeten tine a2 taxbouds ylsstsreboM .xo9% yy! bay wrest aval ree aa Apgsioe , fqe gifrokietd ,swtsyoaug mnogylc? sasloaqa erskooaeA i! «evan Lhokarsy “om eotntarts vy grisisisieod ,syjeudex | i. a Ded , CAS ,ats ,08 nemgiff 939 3 ,SisTodgmen _ HAMOAHTMARAMS ce «oe DA) safuool VY 03 io» sCapdia 4) betoogxa .€ xo & anomete ,arotaulo Mi ; - e Ae ees: —s pe i: of @ advesl Inqtenttq to esbeld ysz0se tngid .S) me bas featers3 ol evotoecnom arewolt :3aol mo OF ie Sa 2 agemate ,eedtqe befotnsq zo efumta yisllixe a} : * ; ; Et a anol .m £ avoda exewnlt sislissetq 20 wyiso Ef) ddansi wits eemts € of & etna ons . te a (aoxei3o3357 +A) bossaqxa : B a _ } goad). a mot od ¢.k exeweli sinlitizat, Jo xyvicd-.t aie ee sohbet of ragont Vitngile esoaad oda ~pRol a ny = .arol as i sgnwersyibh slolasq Lantos to- asdice Inrsied »s ~~ 5 ; moa3 yagnol sis s3u sake to bax atonxd ae 5 .(ayingsutg .A) basosqxd .aytao ee gaionasas sfstane ientorys3. to asdAiqe Isreted «+ a -bognit—-ber oF ABStR 89987 jtosis of oitt entifaups of sends 19Jiorla sates 43 gatieiud oloisiu ;esvsesi 30 alixe ak song sane ss wh Wate bed Wis et hn 0 sin a) whe on nae sts «9 Om RR STR , Ro bas: the aoeialal : aR oe 102. Amaranthus hybridus L. Prince's Feather, Amaranth Java Farm. One station: north boundary fence, adjacent to neighbor's cornfield. Associate species: Clematis virginiana, Ambrosia trifida. Ivy Neck. One station: rubbish pile between old house and tobacco barn, near road. Hectare 4658. Associate species: Juncus tenuis, Barbarea vulgaris, etc. Higman 1037, 1117. A. spinosus L. Thorny Amaranth Java Farm. One station: rubbish pile near old house, at main buildings. Hectare 2580. Associate species: Solanum nigrum, Eleusine indica, Datura stramonium, Juncus tenuis, Melilotus alba. Higman 500. PHYTOLACCACEAE Phytolacca americana L. Pokeweed, Pokeberry Java Farm. Infrequent around main buildings and in abandoned fields. Ivy Neck. Apparently an initial dominant in abandoned fields on Scaffold Peninsula. Moderately abundant in stands of young Liquidambar styraciflua and Acer rubrum. Infrequent in hardwood forests of Scaffold and Cheston Peninsulas, under canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Juglans nigra, Robinia pseudoacacia, Nyssa sylvatica, etc. Higman 3. AIZOACEAE Mollugo verticillata L. Carpet-weed Ivy Neck. Infrequent in cornfields. Associate species: Ipomoea hederacea, Barbarea verna, Draba verna, Lepidium virginicum, etc. Higman 958, 1062. PORTULACACEAE Claytonia virginica L. Spring Beauty Java Farm. Moderately abundant in mature forest in vicinity of old entrance road and gate. Canopy of Acer rubrum, Quercus alba, Liquidambar styraciflua, etc. Associate species: Sanguinaria canadensis, Dentaria laciniata, Desmodium spp. Higman 562. ‘dassiitbs Comat bins es isokiesa anO ; sijemel) padloege mistoowed abES Aue SIS gosvtnd of3a detaios sastsaze 2h oul pes@ekaage sistoounA §.8fd) sisisali .bs01 Yead ath Aff ,SEOL sooth 539, strsgluy sewedrad AaneakiA yarorT ; a, the ee J aueont eA i ~ a ae + 7 4 ape se \eavon blo resem Sfid delddut snoltste ond 587 ‘aval! de mutteios +onle Sottiu. aiaqed ip ae .awein Lssed doio ,ineearq Li ,efsseq 4904" ® DIKE visas é LA} , 27eeCs alsis9 ey «us We saawolt {quo DIAN ft ; .(angsnsielo2) ba tosaxe (alixe weqqu At aligase ,nbets ae 2 ce = ca .asBe4G ale3gS, «acs yer winet to ecolisoe 3a KYs6° -3Sloly-be1, 2ie397 0. > Jae ease theeenp SJ2BI0, tBBES bey MOASOEEG «+ eeees es tencre’ 7 he . suntv Zs atinte 10 sity elazeT 3 . .etjoayd. Ieead = ebptioyt sagas? OL x0 & yd gaineqo sivas? sc ugivse .% ; i seaviay @ x0 ,¢ ,Ef adtv sieagse ‘E ya S$ asiyge os 220 - ie sslets pbayrea~0l xvind | .baviay-a go = sivaqs> ;:¢ MOMREEE ac yspeyeed=srrecrerarrerrne? zo stibutiys boe bevrse yiotoedo, xylad »B siveqe> jf esivie ibkovo bre bevisare. . (arrenored) beset -baviayd hierar 104. Stellaria media (L) Cyrillo Chickweed, Starwort Java Farm. Infrequent to abundant along roadsides and in sparsely shaded old fields. Principal station near junction of old entrance road and base line. Canopy of Platanus occidentalis and Fraxinus americana. Associate species: Ranunculus sceleratus, Duchesnea indica, Lonicera japonica. Ivy Neck. Infrequent in cornfields and abandoned grassy field. Higman 550, 753. Cerastium 1. Plants perennial, with long, matted, creeping basal branches. (Also, bracts of inflorescence scarious- margined or the lowest ones herbaceous). 2. Basal leafy branches herbaceous, without axillary tufts, their eaves hirsute... cesses ceseecsceees Ge VUlpatum 2. Basal leafy branches becoming dry and withering but persistent, with conspicuous axillary tufts, their leaves not hirsute. Expected (C. arvense var. villosum). 1. Plants annual or winter-annual, without creeping basal branches. 3. Leaves narrowly oblong to oblanceolate; capsules 2-3 times as long as sepals; sepals oblong, euls or acute. Expected (C. nutans). 3. Leaves broadly elliptic to ovate or obovate; capsules 1-2 times as long as sepals; sepals lance-attenuate. 4. Bracts of inflorescence scarious-margined. Expected (C. semidecandrum). 4, Bracts of inflorescence herbaceous. (Also, Sepals’ scarious—margined) is... sce secees ss ee scone) Gu viScoOsum Cerastium vulgatum L. Mouse-ear Chickweed Ivy Neck. Abundant in fallow cornfields. Associate species: Cerastium viscosum, Stellaria media, Draba verna, Barbarea vulgaris, etc. Also one station on dike through salt marsh at head of Cheston Creek estuary. Higman 868. gabtebsox gnule Iusbauds oF YrneupetTiel ree ‘mokionv, tsen solsate Ieqkoatsd .-ablezt blo Bileinsbiode suneteld to yqoas) (Okt saad. bas ) auseielooe euluaquish seaiosqa statooeeA «BBB: . a vpotnogst sractwad 2d. DP ABietW yaewra banobasde bas ableitozoo, at jnsupsxial dos ot se ae ee leah G2) 082 mae pe 7 } mut jesvay . Taead griqvet> ,beisam aiaisd) besosqxs _apelrred zo (bs .(eset0A ,seuridimto eausimooh wuigtdaled”. gigs” | ébeed at sareod eafotriy TO sonoiss gatirrct elliet4 Ps a ’ sexcige sensb' 20 we & sre ll fs. od 2 ae * hroksegoq ,* elaqee ;e7se0q9° roveel ;eciv ‘(saseda sisteq) = > 4 . 7 a mn gisamp i> caer eanmin bes gaol gaivse so Siasarstin esvesl ,J29%9 jneld .& i ad) ,faenibst : 0 ~OS o3 € siages -hefyorw sce otlecgqo semijamos yoaqu «& afaqse ywolley Re aisia4 bx SS beliibos ys 5975 3285057 xo d#seds eieset .€ .OS of & eleqes ;2asaRte ,peeenns wt exquold :otamsils ifs eeyaed + 7 og =S esvresl ,oelA) ~sdayro? 19 ,eolakasy ween (avotogeth exowoll ~bevoqwes yistemrs3t i ai) hy i ie aie oh. ” Sieg " om Po i) he, ata) 107. 4. Leaves at summit of stem or peduncle opposite or whorled, forming an involucre; flowers solitary or in umbels. 6. Basal leaf 1, involucral leaves compound (3 leaflets); roots tuberous; sepals 5 to 10, petaloid. (Also, sepals white or pink). svaile/ sepsis ou (is eels (61.6/6is)e,sye (sifei,cusheieiesoievedeusieuexeieyeneieaeue) POLL EMOTE elec 6. Basal leaves several, basal and involucral leaves simple roots not tuberous; sepals 4 to 6. 7. Involucral leaves unlobed, near the flower, sepals bluish, white or pink; plant stemless. Expected (Hepatica). 7. Involucral as well as basal leaves with 3 to 5 deeply lobed divisions; involucral leaves remote from the flower; sepals greenish-yellow; plant with stem....... Anemone Clematis 1. Leaflets toothed or dissected; sepals 6 to 12 m. long; achenes pilose or villous-hirsute............... €. virginiana 1. Leaflets entire or wavy-margined; sepals 10 to 17 mn. long; achenes appressed-Silky....essesccesccvcrceseeee GC, dioscoreifolia Clematis virginiana L. Virgin's Bower Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields, among Rhus vadicans and Lonicera japonica. Higman 130, 710, 1038. C. dioscoreifolia Levi & Vaniot Clematis Java Farm. One station: steep southeast-facing slope at shore of Rhode River, slightly below pier. Hectare 3610. Shaded by Robinia pseudoacacia. Associate species Lonicera japonica. Higman 1039. Ranunculus 1. Basal leaves simple or lobed, cauline ones divided; roots fibrous, without corm. 2. Habitat aquatic or amphibious; plant fleshy; the lower and middle cauline leaves long-petioled...... R. sceleratus nai BE ‘getertot, ERG t “hs vatsdam ot 3 wei Ne poveat bectoont: an: | hg ginqea yewdredys q200x ; s(ataltsel E)) 4h 8 i.) aq cttw afaqee ,oeté) ‘bioleteq ey ti canal —~ TRAE ar ee 7 N RueKee eo xe ‘faxouLovnt bas teecd ,lezavee sevsoel fsesd, .o gbaqes ;sveradia Jon Btoor alqute aoveal . Arh, 8 02 8 ete ens ase ,bédoinu aavaet fexoutovnl .% inte xo aotrw ~laluid-« Tnuee ,tawolt Aggk sage) budosgxe ,eealanste trim licg id . ee iIew na Isxavtoval. 5 a? i ene | “dakw advert Isead es S farautovral.ianotetvit hadel viqasb’ < o2 ao sfegen tyewoli afd meri syomet, BoVv! SJ aa ‘pspoyre eA. oe. meitie: tiw jaalq, pendsey~ detaqgesd ye aan yttamol) me . Be! | ; ‘x * ys jan $1 163 8 elaqee gbossaeekb rq ‘hsAtoo2 ateltest af oi aida cih wales es atuesti~auolliv ra aeoliq. eensdos 1gnGh stm \a ji efeqse. ;bantatareeyyaw 10-3 $3 sisltsad ak a A eh ayn t ev tomesaen oo ohtrs O-DERRSTI GS asneios, ¢qded a. sowohl a thou a ee i postal toriv eves) | erent evel vn . bre gmpdiber aui% gaoris pebLel? bf ak Jnsupss4eL, ( ‘ i 7 sal! ‘ ae! , HEE Men! mgt BIL aHge| axgokaad fl ' i : i 1 7 we toaweal) f qotneV’ & twed elloitsiosgore a ie ; ( a a TO a ii x fe avon te aqole gnbigi+sessnd08 sogte tol $6: ja sO .ored evel goa stq wolad wlodgkie ,s9eke sboda Xe vd debate .1/ et s761948H ‘ E emg tH enhance 7 Brpdinod ay kooge oIplaosek se yy y ais Lis oumure ; 8 - ee ghehiveh ‘agro satives bedel xo atigubhs ssvast kg De mos beige? oa pine eens Mentee cae pas = ee we ae 108. 2. Habitat terrestrial; plant not fleshy; cauline leaves short-petioled to sessile. (Also, achene beakless; basal leaves shallowly dentate or GREENE) OB GoGo COU CUO OOS DODO DOO ODO COMO OOO OCOD DOD OOO Ose Neloie es Ati) 1. Basal and cauline leaves compound; roots spreading from sub-globose COrM...cccccccccccscscecrescorececsevecs Re DULbOSUS Ranunculus sceleratus L. Cursed Crowfoot Ivy Neck. Infrequent along Cheston Creek drainage and near artificial pond at source of the drainage. Canopy of Platanus occidentalis, Diospyros virginiana, Liquidambar styraciflua. Higman 877, 1157. R. abortivus L. Small-flowered Crowfoot Java Farm. Two stations, both shaded and apparently well-drained; at north boundary west of new entrance gate, and along cut bank of old Muddy Creek Road. Higman 580, 605. R. bulbosus L. Common Buttercup Java Farm & Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant along dirt roads, and in old fields not yet swamped by Rhus radicans. Prefers moderately dry, sunny or partly shaded areas. Higman 627, 1147, 1148. Thalictrum Thalictrum dioicum L. Meadow Rue Ivy Neck. One station: steep bank overlooking Rhode River, slightly above Sand Point, Hectare 4749. Higman 1012. Anemonella Anemonella thalictroides (L.) Spach. Ivy Neck. One station in poorly-drained forest of central Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, Liriodendron tulipifera, Fagus grandifolia, Juglans nigra, Quercus alba, Carya cordiformis, etc. Higman 570, 631. i as 7 oe pen soltsaga ot belok? Rat. ep en yiwes fade govsst fnesd- + eect reese Rie euserolore a bias ies bad septal Assi sotaedd punta anbupsYinl ios oe @ aunbislS to yqoney susaitesb edt. to sp tuo0R' 44, Tavedd , tro Mamgih .suftioexyta sedasbrupis © < SaBLAaEN Eck thesb—-Iisw yizueraqqe ban bebsde JAtod enottede oat ee pyide i te Atad sus grole ban .9icg sonatine wen io Jasw yisbaved dixon ia aS rit 208 ,082 namgit .bsof ases0 yh i ; a) qosregsu8 neancd coe susodtud | ] bye ,ebacs ath goole sashoiuda ylesersb0ol Per yvi 3 myal auak . , P Po yea Yisdausbom exelo7l = .gmsotbex null vd beqmawe Jay Jon ebfekt blo mk 4 pONtl TALL VS < ‘pang tH -esors bebarle- yldinq 36 OE ‘| if muxdob ind? ot ae . | “or . su wobsot! ol muotots pier Bis a —_ (ae ebaturte ~wovih shor gatfoolusyo deed qoste inokis3e sa .#oeM wt, a ie 2f0I geegth .8é Se atesasl Bilt fo Rae’ zy . : : bioitaat faxateo to tesx0) benterb-yluong ab solicae Sn0 nae ore bolt tt cea -sultlostyia xsdmsbinpttl Jo ygonao +SiueR aisup ,aigia sasisol , ihe it a8AR ae 7“ ee ey oul ra ae! | 5 ae “oc « “is ; nip © siete &4 ee 109. Anemone Anemone virginiana L. Anemone, Wind-flower Java Farm. Infrequent on summit of ridge, northwest of water tank. Canopy of Pinus taeda, Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Q. velutina, Carya tomentosa, etc. Higman 504, BERBERIDACEAE Podophyllum peltatum L. May Apple, Mandrake Java Farm. Moderately abundant in bottom of Muddy Creek valley, under canopy of Fraxinus americana and Platanus occidentalis. Less frequent on slopes of valley, under canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Associate species: Claytonia virginica, Smilacina racemosa, Viola papilionacea. Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in valley of Scaffold Creek drainage, and less frequently in central Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of Liguidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, Liriodendron tulipifera, Platanus occidentalis, etc. Higman 628. MAGNOLIACEAE Liriodendron tulipifera L. Tulip-tree, Yellow-poplar Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant in a variety of mature hardwood canopies. Seems to prefer moderately moist upland, sides of stream valleys, etc. Associate species: Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, Acer rubrum, Carya cordiformis, Quercus velutina, Cornus florida. Higman 266, 1122. ANNONACEAE Asimina triloba (L.) Duval Pawpaw, Papaw Ivy Neck. Infrequent in mixed hardwood forests of Scaffold and Cheston peninsulas. Small clump between cornfield and Sand Point salt marsh. Higman 573. Se Masten Veghis to anaes no sebeaee” gees pasta: ; la cs Hoe ne StietoceeA .939 ,eysllav westta to esble ios lqu tekom ban pieero} tbs @5 ayre0 ,swadur yok ,stlotibsays suged yacle a4 SSL ,dd8 oameth "sbi gol? sumo) ,snisjulay SARDAMOUMA Hagel .isiows? onal (..) séoteey satabalil Mae Biotiact to steetcl boowhiad baxter at insupeting \- ost was _ iss SHEOT trae brn biattazoo nsewsed qmulo flew? sesfuentasa EX. sramg hl | Peay i 110. LAURACEAE 1. Leaves usually with 1 or more lobes; flowers in peduncled corymbose racemes, appearing with the leaves; fruit a blue drupe, its pedicel thickenedeatwthelendeiijcceicissieciteiieleiditincies eevesiec ss ocaSsatras 1. Leaves not lobed; flowers in sessile clusters, appearing before the leaves; fruit a red drupe, HES, pedicels Not CHICKENS s ciaiciasisis cle eielsisieieceie ce clsileicleiee eee VLINGdena Sassafras Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees. Sassafras Java Farm. Moderately abundant in old fields and along fences. Associate species: Acer rubrum, Quercus palustris, Liquidambar styraciflua. Infrequent in mature mixed hardwood forest. Ivy Neck. Infrequent at margins of fields. Higman 382, 584. Lindera Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume, Spice-bush L. benzoin, var. pubescens (Palmer & Steyerm.) Rehd. Java Farm. Abundant in valley bottom of Muddy Creek. Canopy of Fraxinus americana and Platanus occidentalis. Associate species: Cornus florida, Rubus sp. Infrequent to moderately abundant in forested valleys of tributaries to Muddy Creek. Higman 73, 559, 583, 632. PAPAVERACEAE Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot Java Farm. One station: along old entrance road under canopy of mature Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Associate species: Dentaria laciniata, Dentaria heterophylla, Claytonia virginica, Viola papilionacea, Desmodium spp., etc. Higman 560. goer eandos ‘orem. sae + aay “aah. gabtseqgs ,AomsoBy seodary Jeatbsq: eft ,equrb- suld 5. ster? wbus 9d. cee ev ege eee wy at Oe a ee saad soe ree ‘gassents glrease. nt erewolt ybados ie ‘aaa ~oquib-bs & Jivyi, ;asvest: edt s1tdted, grizs9qqs grabokt Fee Pa eiaine ay ve oso 6 ROROATENS Sor festbeq: “aay ve eerisgasd “ WE ay eaxtanee? sah (dau) gupidte BT 2, i aeons? anole bas hist? blo al Jesbnuds . ylsisrabaif eek syeb y. | opi ,sixtegiag euoteul ,muxzdus ash reginode ‘ssh paeate} boowbied bexte sivten al Gnsouperial .5ul3) Bt ,F2C aesig tt .sbfett to. sntgysm te Jaeupsxint . dost yt By, daud-aalqe pemuld (1), nhossed ‘ego ansoasdug .tev ,wiGRm book (.arrsvese 6 28 AG weenRd weet) ybbu! to motiod yollav ak toahouds wrs% avel ce radisesqs sdolooasaA spbiatnethan eunsjelt bos snsakroms ayels y feteexo! ni toabouds yistniet Son ca dimou portal «qe age audod BE fs) ka E62 .28e .€% npmgit .leax0 see os soi sasudind a: TABOARSVAGAT at —_ er ; Joothoold ft akemebsnes Atronbegoge r = tebau Saox souatine blo gmole ‘:mok3sss sn0 sarxBY evel. 79 : : xhaobotutt .sdfa ayo tsu0 stlotibasrg oo sine piskatoss sizaios0 ‘+aetsege 92 o0neh 4954 murbonead .gsasnodiiges slox¥ caakalntty: enes flail CRUCIFERAE 1: Petals yellow or orange. 2. Leaves all simple, not deeply divided. Expected (Erysimum, Rorippa, Conringia, Camelina). 2. Leaves, at least the lower, deeply divided, lyrate, or pinnate. ; 3. Petals 1 to 2 cm. long. Expected (Raphanus, Brassica). 3. Petals .5 to 10 mm. long. 4. Cauline leaves clasping the stem by pinnati- fed DASE Stayenedeiehelcherefenehelel sisielo eisteleielel sieleeiels nereiel me bacDakea 4, Cauline leaves not clasping, or if so their bases entire or shallowly dentate. 5. Sepals erect at anthesis; petals 6 to 10 m. long; ovary and fruit beaked. Expected (Brassica). 5. Sepals spreading at anthesis; petals shorter; ovary and fruit beakless. 6. Dry habitat; sepals and ovary linear. (Also, terminal segment of the pinnat- ifid cauline leaves bluntly to sharply serrate; flowers pale yellow).......... Sisymbrium 6. Damp to aquatic habitat; sepals and ovary ovate to elliptic. Expected (Rorippa). 1. Petals white, purple, or pink. 7. Petals purple to pink; leaves palmately 3-divided; plant perennial with fleshy rhizomes; LOTESE Wabiltraes Payee foderene el slononoyele enehohe! selelisenetenajeresslcn es oereie DeMtarcda 7. Petals white; leaves simple or pinnate; plant usually annual or biennial without rhizomes; roadside and field habitat. (Raphanus, above, may have whitish to pale purple petals, lyrate leaves). Ria Oar a jk x Yh f : ey Ree hel hioern rate oes +. Sia 2 i a ‘a pesosqxt “hebivth: wiqoat jor pelquke is ee et hee) 4 Gabeme ,atankesod .egghtoR ¢ ) yaseryt ,babtyrb yiqest .xewol, si3 Fsasel Fa" : eee. oo \gaRanke 30° iy «zuasidge2) bstssqul .gcol «mm S$ 03 L_efs394 de .(poteasid . .gaol .mm OL-o2 2. efs7st -E~ povest gabiued 4a Jou sjpaneb. yiwollsde 1 ‘* geveok sabigsd «oy o sitting asesd ie _ : emmy Of° 6% 9 efssoq rabeedinn Ja 299t9 alaqes 32 st a berseqxd .baansd jtux2 bas qasvs gaol »(spteenia) . a elnjeq yeatesdins J4 gntbssiqa alaqed x ~~ ee -saelised shui bes yr6ve ‘redavoe 2. etd . oT _ -yeoatt yrevo fas slaqoe ssatided ysO +4 a - -jeante sila to Imemgse fentorea? »oetA) eo ; ae ylgvede oF yijould saveal antfues BET rate SSTETISS = A; b ; _:’ : fubadmyet< cacmsrcse€wolisy slag arswolt a 3 w bos eisqio8 -3stident oiijsups oF ‘qoreki 3 bainogad wotigtiis of s3avo y1eve - I : (pageson) —e _ 10 ,Slasug’ -eaide elaveins Se - eon i, . i Malg ‘ qissemlng eovasl pantq) os alquyq 0f628% «T Ve spamonteiy ydest? citw (stasis Jnelq pbsbivib-€ 209 Sigua RA sos - nen cen nnnc ses conn crs onc MARRS ‘~ te ¢ifeves tasigq :etenntq 30 siqmte asvesl ,eatdw sists mc bre ehtebeot - gomosiiiz.2u0hiiw Istanetd +o Laue) me) od sterzirw svad yom ,svods ,supssigal) -tetided BLSEX 9) A(esvesl ssatyl valeseq siquug oleq a hy i Ate Hale 8. Leaves simple, not deeply divided. 9, Basal rosettes present. (Lepidium may have a false rosette of cauline leaves). 10. Cauline leaves absent; flowering stem a scape. (Also, petals cleft to! middle) Reve evaterelsele cl cic ersicicisin messes Draba 10, Cauline leaves present. 11. Leaves sagittate at base. Expected (Capsella, Arabis). 11. Leaves not sagittate at base. (Also, ovary linear; petals spatulate; plant annual with slender taproot)......2.)..0cceeees5ee Arabidopsis §, Basal rosettes absent. 12, Plants halophytic, succulent............. Cakile 12. Plants not halophytic or succulent; old-field habitat. 13. Cauline leaves clasping the stem, sagittate. 14, Ovary notched at summit; style absent or very short. 15. Plant pubescent; petals 1.5 MMs LONG sieeve cr ciersie)s eleielesclee ere Ue DA GTUM 15. Plant glabrous; petals 2-4 mm. long. Expected (Thlaspi). 14. Ovary not notched, but subglobose or cordate; style filiform. Expected (Cardaria). 13. Cauline leaves not clasping. 16. Ovary short, lanceolate to ovate; petals 1 to 2 mm. long or ADSENE se cic ersle oyeie' ee c/eleicjeseserereee,euele/ CDG Tum 16. Ovary long, linear or cylindric. RMS amhe. gatzawolt it bonnie ees saktsch gba - bie 5 stele elsteq ost) 249 GEIS &. MIS, rene hah a oe ears ¢ r oy iy a2 a i ee ‘ au : ih aa I is a i? 2 of eOiieeaa ie i ,insassq saves! ontiusd OL, = ina seed tn oisitiges ‘goveel. .if ae) atetdazA .sifsegs9) bedosyxe r Ree .ebsd tn oteitiges jon ssvesd «tt Sever ee iG Be > ; afsteq ;rsents yiseve ~oatA) = i. oe Se _ datw Levan Snaiq. ;etsiujege a \ wel OVC Ce a al wbasle : | . | jnaads aettouox Leenh .@ an A! ' ‘ q 7 i my SIEIED ssasvaverers snoluobe ,ottydqolad ejanlS $f vs ey ee : ae <.: yameiuoove 16 2tiydqolad Jou arene St ces -tsiided bieli-~bic Bes, ,meta of gaiqeals avvesl eatiue) tL "ae iy, .s3a23igae =) ai eivije ;tiamue ts badojon yrsvO Pt A % y jyode ytev 10 Jqgsds ig 4 |, Oe 2.0 ulsisy ,3nscasdag gast9 are e Py OE ee . mn ne one b-S alesec j;svordsig JaslT ict ~ a yi: Abgesintt) botoeqx3 .gael mm Re ' ; .. eee seodoigdus sud ,berot0n Jan cRaND Pt reek “mroghit? slyte ;ssabroo 10 ; me i. - (gtzebis)) besoagxd re -gniqesio ton asvaest sotived EL, ted ' pedaye o1 stalosocel .Jrode yenw0 OL ite en: ; a x6 ‘gwol ame S of 1 oksdaq .cjj,yhe yu) See 3 26 si} ¥ gakieares sain ne Re sackeek iad 10 aeentl eK 17. Cauline leaves deltoid-ovate, cordate, long-petioled; plant onion-scented. Expected (Alliaria). 17. Cauline leaves tapering to base, sessile or nearly so; plant odorless. (Also, blades of petals not raised above sepals; cauline leaves blunt-toothed)........+.... Cardamine 8. Leaves deeply pinnatifid, lyrate, or pinnate. 18. Petals 1 to 2 cm. long. Expected (Cardamine, Raphanus). 18. Petals not over 8 mm. long, or absent. 19. Ovary lance-oblong to round or ob- cordate. Expected (Teesdalia, Lepid- ium, Coronopus, Armoracia). 19. Ovary slenderly linear. 20. Wet or aquatic habitat; petals 4° to 5 mm. longs. ..... 5. oe cee ie, NAStUGELUM 20. Dry habitat; petals shorter...... Cardamine Barbarea 1. Uppermost leaves coarsely and irregularly dentate; lyrate lower leaves with 1 to 4 pairs of lateral lobes. B. vulgaris 1. Uppermost leaves lyrate-pinnatifid; lyrate lower leaves with 10 to 20 lateral lobes......cecccceeeeeeeee B. verna Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. Winter Cress Java Farm. Moderately abundant in old fields, in areas not yet covered by Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica. Also along roadsides and around headquarters. Associate species: Draba verna, Stellaria media, Arabidopsis thaliana, Cerastium vulgatum. Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in cultivated fields. Same associate species as as Java Farm. Higman 596. ; Si pegs, , ! as et catia. N+ ‘Sneio toe yixesn x0 slicese: -' @ie%eq to asbald yoelA) «sesfrobod neue teleqse owods piri son eovsal = -steanly x0 udnes! ebtdissanig, Se eaves »o es heyosqra: sgrol oo $02 D elatot .81 (eae -(exeedqsh ,ettmebys) > is insides yo ,gnol, -om 8 weve Jom elatot ,bf “to vo broor oF Saqaeibapye vrei 22 441 " Ny han “bhiqa! .stighasst) b22> Sex .Bdnbwe a Be! . AgtoayemyA .suqogor02 , iat - faesoti yitebuele yrtevO es eirktis bern), oo vew & coe Y< f F fejagq tjeitdss val OS aA sated ch a Pr . = ; | ' a satniesh cixzsluagsryt bow yleersoo esyaal JeoarvedqU of: “a Rieeee .esdol feouss: *o exteq boo © doiw eevesl sowol adetyt a m7, > swowol statu ibiztsenatg-sia1yl savesl Jeomraqgie Lf. y i Ca pevewesseve9dol fexets! Of of Of natw sevest 5/9 fn . 4 ie @89x0 yvodnt' 14 iS ebysalvy sonedeadl @ Paon gse76 At ,obielt blo nt Jasboude gehen samet evel 7 ggois celA ,noukmoge! axgoinol bes emeothet eudd yd poate: ie .avzew sdgil iestosqe s3etooeeA prercerrs rer wants 7 muaeziuy mutsnere) een | e Gand -gbf01? bessvisiue oi amsbouds écanesebetl = apart ‘ate aval * a 114. 3B. verna (Mill.) Aschers. Winter Cress Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant. Associated with B. vulgaris above. Higman 575, 617, 1082. Sisymbrium Sisymbrium officinale Scop., var. leiocarpum DC, Hedge Mustard Ivy Neck. One station: pasture behind mule shed, north of Cheston Creek drainage. Higman 724, Dentaria 1. Bracts of inflorescence more or less’ hirsute; flowering stem usually without a basal leaf........... D. laciniata 1. Bracts of inflorescence glabrous (occasionally densely hirsute); flowering stem with basal leafs, leaves violet beneaths. .cicteuinesseciyeice sosceeccoves D. heterophylla NOTE: These species are difficult to distinguish. may hybridize. Dentaria laciniata Muhl. Toothwort Java Farm. Infrequent, along old entrance road under mature canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Associate species: Claytonia virginica, Sanguinaria canadensis, Viola papilionacea, Smilacina racemosa, etc. Higman 1081. D. heterophylla Nutt. ‘Toothwort Java Farm. Infrequent, associated with D. laciniata. Higman 561. Draba Draba verna L. Whitlow Grass Ivy Neck. Abundant in cultivated fields and along tractor trails. Associate species: Cerastium vulgatum, Barbarea vulgaris, Arabidopsis thaliana, etc. Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant. Roadsides and open fields. Higman 555, ryAoses 8B0L VEE. very sonal evods pi {90 miqiesotsD tev ,iqoe? ‘sisatakive multe ley be tisow , beta ofum boided stytesq = 'rolteja gn _.a5eu qt SY asmgtli vsgenteth Assa0 pozaaigy: me ‘ aie 1 . | f ae ha de me He * i ; sieatasd z sAtnerzti asel yo Siem 8oNg25 syoLltnk 36 eaaee “ou Woe. eee teed Laeed & Ivodiiw yliswau’ matve “grrb-yewodt! oi) ¢ffanelancs0) evordély 49meoasrcltnt Yo atosul «fis: laced Gitw aeds antrseol), ;(otvetid. qisaaeh allntaases PE abel bhstinew whi eae ges veces eSnened JaL04V asvasl ~Is6t Bh sfuoht3ib ata eototqe aeant te jbatoalioos satoege al .asloinnq ategaole WE GE se pees e eee ee eee sav eye pps (DSIBVIAIUD _eqert a ,insoelsebat tivrt MTA cay uy esses CBdayAD FO Bemwoe4 vwrods tessal ent eet sd ed boeetene’ ylotisas.410 yijzaq: seikiav0 4a .auosasdisn taals ft rasizelad bsxoad e3232 jiw bétoyoo: xzisl 8 yissaneig : iwolley ,¢ alaseq SipomersA Tree eee see ee . ’ ova dente penonmes sanon elsteq ;s9lvetid bedoorl: suodiiw xyisd 8 -tiela- ‘vistantlag saveol jlekaaesg arswol? -(allinad >iAy basoaqual a . “ gthdw axewol? . welA) ,dutde yoxods: ao ” geknagts pI ‘ope: te xylao ieee. Fagg... Ginwogeo RENE, weve a 118. 9, Plant a thorny shrub; fruit a cluster of PUdeyMadrnUpelleES ees cic alecicliele sees cscs eels sicieicn eco RUDUS 9. Plant herbaceous; fruit achenes. 10. Plant prostrate-spreading. 11. Receptacle pulpy, enlarged in fruit (strawberry-like); leaflets 3, digitate. 12. Petals white; bractlets of calyx similar to the narrow TODES es cc's 6 alo a \crelawerewevnreveraweverelevercnatarcrorere Fragaria 12, Petals yellow; bractlets of calyx much broader than the lobes, 3- toothed. (Also, plant very pilose; stipules 3-divided).....c.eecececeeeees Duchesnea 11. Receptacle dry, hairy, not enlarged in fruit; leaflets 5, palmate. (Also, Petals) YElUlOw) ic sccnciee sieeve ereide LOtentadela 10. Plant erect. (Also, receptacle hairy). 12, Petals yellow; receptacle flatish; leaves oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, coarsely serrate, never lobed... .ccceccccsceccvcess LOtentilila 12. Petals white; receptacle conic-cylindric; leaves broadly oblanceolate or rhombic, serrate, the lower often lobed or cleft. er rr) Geum Amelanchier 1. Racemes ascending; sepals divergent in fruit; petals 7-12 mm. long; leaves blunt or acute at apex, glabrous beneath, round at base........+..++..+. A. Canadensis 1. Racemes drooping; sepals tightly reflexed in fruit; petals 1-2 mm. long; leaves acuminate at apex, tomentose beneath, round or cordate at base........... A. arborea shui ‘prasde rset Ms Hues ewe ee: we siequab wetol ene stuyt yeupsoadied anal of Jantbagrqs-ssetieoue maces 60 giv ok bsatsins , eqiug aiasjqerds «ih savettgth: ,£ i Paisptees (edit -yrtedws1 se) may: oy oe : ss sie ctmesd sotidw efstet tt | ites eo Eu) ; ae y morvear eit of taliats xy Fass. a , a ig we eo BAGOL ; | Es ee een : , x Bre x¥iad Yo atelsostd «wot ise alates 8.2 rf ,aedol old oad? sobsotd. dove i (ag seaolig (iv: Jsalq _owfA) ~.bed2003 ; a . bebivib- - geflugkse ran eoeaveee ve © OSCE SS) Se ahh aaa . (wolfey afateq, Aor nk bagtains ton ,¢zisd yib elsesqeoed Lf mg c : -oetA} ,97anleg my ajefies! saiurt : a Fy. 1 Re oA ~ : \ 7 [ . tyikent afoatys0e7 ou EA) ssaxve taet? 2.0L mn Crs = : ie aavesi paatssi} alaasqeoo% -wollov, alsso% si an oF sislossnsido a an. | fc yisersds ,sInvod: viwort badol ssvenr ,sistses } D ~ seiabatfiyo-ornos siostqs28% :aaidw eleset Af : i, , ~pkdmodts 10 atelosousida ylbsoxd eavess le ' .3telo 10 Bedok a53t0~ yunnt add (siutise ] yotiogesiom’s — Agi stkust ak Josgtevil elaqag pagal bremes esmen8d “ah” $s s3uDa 10 2o0ld eovesl ygnot =m Si-< alateg, Bhanoh sng SA ee Ues eevee eSRRd IS DUTT iteened evosdslg ,x3qe satux2 ak bexelte: yladgts eleqse -gmigqoosh womsoa: fi a ~xaqgs Ja sisciau2s saves: :auol mx S-E elsded, j aezadze a ceegeves es O8ad 38 SILDTO9: 10 brvto% Ripe asornsmol | J : = ‘we a4. sa” ale). Amelanchier canadensis Medic. Shad-bush, Service Berry Ivy Neck. Two stations: head of Scaffold Creek estuary and east bank of Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of Quercus alba, Carya tomentosa, Fagus grandifolia, Acer rubrum. Higman 594, 844, A. arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. Shad-bush, Service Berry Java Farm. One station: Hog Island. Hectare 3592. Canopy of Quercus prinus. Associate species: Rhododendron nudiflora, Nyssa sylvatica, Gaylussacia baccata, Cornus florida. Higman 117. Pyrus 1. Leaves glandular along upper midrib; petals less than 1 cm. long and 7 mm. broad; fruit small and DEY RHELKE! etohele clototakelalereie ele nie ielelejoleieleie ere leleleleleieicveleieiecieiee ihe MeLanocanpa 1. Leaves not glandular; petals 1-2 cm. long and 0.8-1.5 em. broad; fruit large and fleshy. 2, Leaves and branchlets glabrous; fruit pear-shaped, Fy SulalLOWieNatarete folleleiteladereve lavelalode| allaletollor lave tcteleteteleleiieistere lee oleiene ole) Jie mC OMMUI LS, 2. Leaves and branchlets white-tomentose; fruit apple [Shaped ey GE's craree shel eleieiel clleiellslsichele efelaleeieleisieiee cies ee mallu Pyrus melanocarpa (Michx.) Willd. (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Ell.) Chokeberry Java Farm. One station on Fox Point, under canopy of Quercus prinus. Also observed on Hog Island. Hectares 3558, 3592, Higman 532. P. communis L. Pear Java Farm. Infrequent on steep west-facing slope overlooking meadow, adjacent northern boundary. Persistent after cultivation. Canopy of Juglans nigra. P. malus L. Apple Java Farm. Infrequent on south-facing slope overlooking meadow, adjacent northern boundary. Persistent after cultivation. Open canopy also includes Liriodendron tulipifera and Robinia pseudoacacia. Ivy Neck. Infrequent on borders of cultivated fields. Presumably cultivated. Higman 157, 506, 578, 597, 604. Mi: ‘i mien) 2 4 eae = ies 0039 lotto? ae baad \ enokinte ‘ox? | oe Bie ‘Poveqeded , .minankeat bkotieed to: fo r3 at B 8 nest err ase ig ~} a — “A ¥ ‘ a . \ p y > an | > pi ceteet 45% yadoiM sexodss 1B FREE ayetoal: sbagkal aoh - sextdese 920 mip syeb HISGRIVORA ByOLSE jg mer sre! reakoeqe 9: NEL mangifi .ebirolt eutyod ,B3a22h¢0 BTOSe seulys® Soh eel =e ie ae eguiyt ; Ss ta xelvboslg esvaode £ erat wrt emo f hed int otk ingraed eh tael aletea ;dixbkm rsqqv gn haw Eisme tivst,;baord sa He: it -evebivewer eseevael ee ¢ ee? 2 0 88 even dcitate ma i : / rane ae 2. %=6.0 bia gaol .m Cal glayeq pralubsstg| son avveae £% ; Aisel? brea satel tivat shaord «Mo ie ,bawarer1894 sru's? [eurokess9 sdsinoaeyo OFB eovaad, «& ; Su, a ere cweatee™ pede eet ~ woLlsy. is ‘ Stuy? senoinsmos-s3idw alelcomsse BNE govaal.8 i) 9 cae \ Mie Diyahnetes scr e=soetrernere® ~ boy -baqeda-sLGgR. | See ee J “a On ae = biltw (.sobM) sgrnsonp tem: se _ |g Been renee 18 (iol) squecotetom Sige qrzadalot7 biste on -crmsd aval sure Saga fo yqons) 19! bau ,3as xo’ ne Gg eeze ,22e£ poet oH .baslel, gon He hovreed® asta. Hamad Seen a 365% : 7 , olyovo Sqole, goiosi-tesw qeetve mo Impex: tat mre BYOln | A Ahtav talus ye3te ineieteses wigbivod siad7 tou toone pbs wo a | paata: gonial 19 | alagk Lanhaied uae e) sorset svat) paontzve sqoia gatoai-dsvee ne snoupoxtar soaker potsevidiue wits Insets pepe betas piel we mnalaa 120. Crataegus Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl.) K. Koch Hawthorn, Red Haw Ivy Neck. One station on east shore of Scaffold Creek; canopy of Quercus prinus, Q. velutina, and Carya tomentosa. Another station on east shore of Cheston Creek; small area of Quercus phellos-mixed hardwoods. Higman 656, 1073. Spiraea Spiraea prunifolia Sieb. & Zucc.? Spiraea Ivy Neck. Two stations near old houses. Hectares 4720, 4658. Persistent after cultivation. Higman 593, 1144. Prunus 1. Flowers an long racemes... ..s. cece cecccceceeccsccoseess bP. Serotina 1. Flowers umbellate or corymbed. 2 Ovary rand £rud CE) LOMEMEOSE fie )c/erers ele cletsteleleieters etelels ove e De ppersica 2. Ovary and fruit glabrous, not glaucous............. P. avium Prunus serotina Ehrh. Black Cherry Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant in old fields and along roadsides. Associate species: Sassafras albidum, Acer rubrum, Quercus palustris, Liquidambar styraciflua, Cornus florida. Ivy Neck. Infrequent in old fields between east and west forks of Scaffold Creek estuary, in forest at source of Scaffold Creek drainage (east fork), and in forest of central Scaffold Peninsula. Moderately abundant on Cheston Point and in coves behind salt marsh there. Associate species: those at Java Farm plus Robinia pseudoacacia, Rhus typhina, Quercus velutina. Higman 139, 644. Prunus persica (L.) Batsch Peach Java Farm. One station at main buildings. Hectare 2580. Persistent after cultivation. Higman 598, 867. ‘ ‘ Atay SNE i . door sa 6, «tbaet) y sean 2 m8 ‘no notisze ‘en | ,saziuise Die lass T pojeeds | vEXOE aa rhemget ,aboe nie ; Paiee ts SBops .OSts aetatosl ‘senvon blo wed acclss3e owl. foot we »pokisv ts iss- 19336 sao Tara pearl , £82 nsmgth suo ~ t geol mk exawold en ber oe BSNGlS ui gut $0 soe sg : ’ bodoret stalladmna oxovBET, re a ep | r thus? bos vraAve ss OOS .sRosnsing? thuv? bes grave Sc ae Ce ee ) ie suoouatg Jom ~BUaTCE ig ‘wa egret) donlt eld aataouss aumat | ul bas ebieli bin as aahoauds vlatnasbom 92 fnaupa sin ies e sve + - yaoradus, sod jaubidis sowseese-~*? ntosqa SIBLSOBeA eobtabsor setae . poral} eusyo Buti soe Is zadmebbupiy «8 i7289 dag expaeEbs Mi : KAfale bo at dnsepsaael ook WWE =e a Sanur Libttace To s571u08 ago? ok ,ysautas Ase “chs gl ‘eivenitua?t bloitsse tex389> 10 ‘gaerot at bas , (#7193 taa9) ogek Wexem tise beined asvos nt hos Salot moses) 10 ‘ganbands ¢h aintde® suiq ors velo 3h sods 228L98G¢ eisisoeeaé oneal pokwl ay euoisup yanidoys aah 2EoRs dosed dosjed tad). ele! uss egnibitud atem 3a nolaase on. .rset aval Tae 882 nse kh ‘ 2 / igiset tuew Gna 225° magwied & 4% J082R atecosk *€ ae alt e- ce ' ; =a ow, ae Sa Lt a lies whe ; 4 a alPJake P. avium L. Sweet Cherry Java Farm. Infrequent along shore of Muddy Creek and Fox Creek estuaries. Associate species not definite, may include Robinia pseudoacacia, Liquidambar styraciflua, Ulmus rubra, Cornus florida. Ivy Neck. Infrequent along shores of estuaries and at Cheston Point, not associated with Quercus prinus canopy. Also one station (presumably cultivated) beside old house on upper Scaffold Peninsula. Higman 422, 424, 585, 767, 1163, 1164. Agrimonia 1. Larger leaflets of middle and upper leaves lance- acuminate, sharply serrate, villous and copiously white-glandular-dotted beneath. (Also, axis of raceme minutely glandular)....scccescccceccccscecvecese Ae parviflora 1. Larger learlets of middle and upper leaves ovate- oblong, coarsely dentate, either villous or glandular- dotted but not both. 2. Axis of raceme minutely glandular, glabrous or nearly so; rachis and lower leaflet surfaces BLADTOUS. -c eee creerescenccvccccccssessesscscecssees As rostellata 2. Axis of raceme glandless, pubescent; rachis and lower leaflet surfaces pubescent. 3. Larger leaflets broadly obtuse at apex; mature hypanthium about 2 mm. long........-....- A. microcarpa 3. Larger leaflets acute to blunt at apex; mature hypanthium about 3 mm. long. Expected (A. pubescens). Agrimonia parviflora Ait. Agrimony Java Farm. Infrequent in grassy fields between south side of main building area and old entrance road. Associate species: Solanum carolinense, Cirsium discolor, Erigeron annuus, Verbascum thapsus, Asclepias syriaca. Ivy Neck. One station: drainage into Cheston Creek estuary. Hectare 4743. Canopy of Robinia pseudoacacia, Diospyros virginiana, Platanus occidentalis. Associate species: Elephantopus carolinianus, Cuphea petiolata. A. rostellata Wallr. Agrimony Java Farm. Infrequent along abandoned trail between old entrance gate and Muddy Creek, parallel to north boundary. Canopy of mature Fagus grandifolia, Carya tomentosa, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc, Higman 1079. 3 a baa a ae eas, ot ‘ene it . sa ore tort danchpa sapioob tt ah cate batienites 49 ets Bry Seen gaye no, oalA .yqonso suet 7 pugzand ds iw boekooees fom « pe a geval blo abkaed (bstavidinve vidsomsasq) anocnins bletient yeqqu TG) DOLL (COLL ., Tat yeBE ASE aa sizombsgA : vo i : ws9nel esvees. seuquv bone olbbla to “ggaltsal aero a ‘yiavotqos hoe evolity ,s1877190 viquaia (atenimoa & Jo eins “poe LA) jjaens af botiob-waivbnele—o9 kewl gxeliivrag .A le ocd bad aaa ionantaceeCTHLORACLE viswuate smaoee) ; Uj cr ‘ ; ; (ts a: 7 ~#tavo, poveal reqqu bas albbkm to ajelueol 2epTSd aes ia ~yalubaats 10 avolity ssdste ,sieinsb yleayaod ,anodda 9 ; . . dod soy- dud bessoR % 16 arertes , wlubastg yissuate omeop2 30 erxA oS 2ene7 satias!l rawal bae aitloas ,o8 yiteon i 6 . : s2allesvos oO ee oo bancdeecadiens SEUOCEGLE) Oars vidoes: rimacesduq ,eeslbralg emis, to ath oS 7 oe q ars) « i gnooredpa sssstme doliael yewol Bins i ; ‘seas tn gavide ylbsoxd asotiael regted 46 Acie es Bampymsobm ah «1+ -+> << -s-* ~ogtod .as,S Juode euidanaqyl 81438% ) qe Au ‘ xy ixaqs. te Jauld oF 99498 ajalisal apse, .€ 7 .gaol am wots muldinagyd. swiss » (ensngods uy AD besoaqxe — yout i ZA 3th sxolkivtag. ‘sonal ghia Hiuoe soowsed ebisit yeasty of Snape Tiel met evaton i teatosge azatooseA .bsox aorsyias blo bas 692 garbitud ‘Them } muzpadzey ayuang goseph Te stolozeld subert> 3% one | syieuans siea79 area ojut “Sasaeen? saoliaie ene aotG , S22) =f 29 past get: s aakoeat seer 2! e220 A. microcarpa Wallr. Agrimony Java Farm. Infrequent along old entrance road between gate and Muddy Creek. Canopy same as for A. rostellata above. Associate species: Lactuca floridana, Eupatorium purpureum, Desmodium paniculatun, Desmodium glutinosum, Elephantopus carolinianus, Polygonum cespitosum var. longisetum. Higman 32. Rosa 1. Styles united into a column equalling the stamens. 2. Stipules entire; leaflets 3. Expected (R. setigera). 2. Stipules fringed like a comb; leaflets 7 or 9...... R. multiflora 1. Styles free (sometimes partly united) and shorter than the stamens. 3. Sepals persistent in fruit; foliage not glandular-aromatic. Expected (R- cinnamomea). 3. Sepals deciduous in fruit, if persistent, the foliage glandular-aromatic. 4. Mature hips 2 cm. long or more, ellipsoid- ovoid, the achenes often visible through the walls. (Also, leaves glabrous, glandless, NOE ATOMAELEC) ior cierererekeicheleielsels:s wiaiel eras atebsisiercrel-io rac anna 4, Mature hips usually 1 cm. long or shorter (1.5 cm. long in R. micrantha), ovoid-subglobose, opaque. 5. Leaves glandular beneath at least, oval- ovate, the teeth glandular or gland-tipped; hips sparsely glandular-hirsute to glabrous; sepals fringed like a comb. 6. Sepals persistent until fruit is entirely ripe (only sure distinction); leaflets strongly glandular above; styles pubescent. Expected (R. eglanteria). 6. Sepals promptly deciduous in fruit; leaflets sparsely glandular above; styles glabrous or nearly so..........-. R. micrantha Pi Teh ae oma gece das . ew acted -anoiie te ais gotilsups amufon pn odnt .b sadn salvia at i(eisgtise .f) betseqxd = .t atoliesl ~azlbinas eatughna eee Bose yeen®, aO-5 atjoliae! :deoo 5 viltl bayatss asibata2 af £ yWadrode bak (had reo vis7sq aenbtanoa)y sax salvia, rae smenaza sna rad? son egetio? :3luc3 al jnotelerteq eleqse, i), + {geporm fai: 4) betoeqed Lismeyn-tstvhne lg’ o43 ,Jnadetereq 22 ,3tuTt ni guoubtceb aleqaa 4& orgamoteisliiinslg ‘agettor ebtoagtils ,ogtom To guol .9 - agid siedaM oft iguows sidteky mei lo-seasios ada ,bhove ~eadibasts suotdete wesaol , mts) eitlew > ee ee ‘ pee ewes (ORPRMOTE ION qssi70He zo giol.mo [ ylievevs eqht eto ,aeodoladye~biove , (sdinsyotw +i at gool .ao t,t) + SL DAO, wlnve ,Jesel is dissosd maiubnsig aeveud .t sheqqts-baaly > saivbnstg, diaest ot? ~a3svo oF Stuer rin- ro Lu bite £3 pisstnqe., agit doo o stil bsgata? eleqss ,avordalg glevigos a) tiwx) (kiny sussetersy elsaes st ajalise! arisen anwa xine) sgiz ¥ asivyts gavode isivbosig ylgacis2 + (pixoome le 8) ba2saqxd sapeteres) uP patwrt nb pbypuoubtoeb ‘eiagante) alpen >a pavods zalubasla ee one 1 resegaianey zo 23). 5. Leaves glandless, narrowly elliptic- obovate; hips and sepals glandular- hirsute; sepals entire or with 2 narrow lateral divisions. 7. Stipules upwardly dialated, the spreading adnate part of the pair 3 - 10 mm. broad. Expected (R. virginiana). 7. Stipules with parallel sides, the adnate part .5 - 2 mm. broad. 8. Sepals entire; leaflets glabrous, or pilose only on veins beneath; cauline thorns stout and recurved...... R. palustris 8. Sepals with 2 narrow lateral divisions; leaflets pilose beneath; cauline thorns slender and straight.... R. carolina Rosa multiflora Thunb. Rose Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent, usually on banks of streams and in nearby old fields. Associate species: Gratiola virginiana, Trifolium repens, Tripsacum dactyloides, Panicum clandestinum, Viburnum prunifolium, Rhus typhina, Celastrus scandens. Higman 221, 328, 680, HOS) 1 23k R. canina L. Dog Rose Ivy Neck. One station: steep bluff above sandy shore of Rhode River on Cheston Peninsula, north of Sand Point. Associate species: Amorpha frutescens, Rhus tpphina, Verbascum thapsus, Daucus carota, Atriplex patula, Plantago lanceolata, Juncus tenuis, Solidago sempe-: sempervirens, Cirsium discolor, Arctium minus. us. Higman 368, 1162. R. micrantha Sm. Sweetbrier Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields. Associate species: Rosa palustris, Solidago altissima, Rhus radicans. Higman 377, 761. R. palustris Marsh. Swamp Rose Java Farm. Infrequent along shores of streams and estuaries, landward margin of salt marsh on tidal portion of Muddy Creek, and scattered along Fox Creek drainage and adjacent fields. Associate species: Salix nigra, Rosa micrantha, Myrica cerifera, Viburnum prunifolium. Higman 291, 368, 379, 466, 861. fe ylworssn .dealhoal tobauly eleqos bie aqitd S$ dike to aitsas efegee je . snotatvib devesil worsen f/f é Ze NY MRSS fea a?’ ibeaeiaib eibrawan: sa tugia® ae oe Rietae ads 26 d26q- gtonbs gathsarqs! se bajoaqut ,bsord yor OL = ati: vi prolotoarty A) aft) .debta tetiaveq @iw eeluqtae ~bsotd .om S$ - ¢..dasq stenbs ysuemdels etolias! ysiatstos alaqe2. 58 pddsened sakev oo vino saoltq to oe ss + Devaney bre Juota envods ontivusa {sretel wortsa S$ djiw elaqsd tdigensd: seclie ajaliss! ;emobetvih Batlowes .f «...3igtsxte baa ysbnele emzoa ontlues aga08 sdoudt ero ks tum. seo yeni to ited go Yliscven ,jneupstial .Avet wi baa’ mre ovat ze } eshoeqs statooseA -alifer2 blo ydzson nk pneu ee D austasd ,ssblolyjosbh quoreqtxT ,agsqox muklodtat BSE ,FSs stg, tH .gasbosos suitesis) ,satigys audit a SV GOV aeoK goo P z are entass am insite ehoria %o sxdda vbnse evods ttuld qosie ‘:notsaye sad dosh yl = an faviseqes Staiooasé sare bre? to daion ,alventaat. cotesdo go a) om sGaetmse suoueG ,auegsii myoasdyal ,satdgqys soda emsagsnee paometvtoonse onatiio® .2luco) evasul ,sislosomel onstaasd sbLujed | Sell Bae jeumgtt .avetm mkjoxA .xoloosth muswa$D | Wirdseswe ! 02 adanenakm ae Baek reshosqe #dJeloogzA ..ebielt blo at sgeteeniat oiet svel 9 POX, ChE mpegih .amsriber eudi ,amtsetsis ogsbiloe celaaauleg Bek gue? ck adage atizanlsd Ladeaccsee bis tessyie 20 aez0de men asopessik: sara ovat Ever eHpesD ybbuM 2o wolsi0q Labt2 no dexse tse -abigki saanabhs bas event aanueet bagel 24% R. carolina L. Rose Ivy Neck. One station: east shore of Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of mature Quercus prinus, Quercus alba, Carya tomentosa, Acer rubrum, Fagus grandifolia. Higman 846. Rubus 1. Flowers 3-4 cm. broad, with spreading petals; fruit often drying in the receptacle without falling; leaves pale green beneath, pilose on both sides; stems and petioles very bristly........ R. hispidus 1. Flowers much smaller, with calyx lobes exceeding petals; fruit readily falling from receptacle; leaves densely white-woolly beneath, nearly glabrous above; stems and petioles pubescent or glabrous. 2. Stems, petioles, pedicels, and calyx with dense red glandular hairs; leaflets red-veined; FLULC LEdeececeeescccssccscessvsecccvceessecssscees Re Phoenicolasius 2. Stems glabrous but often very glaucous; petioles and pedicels slightly pilose with non-glandular hairs; calyx tomentose; leaflets green-veined; fruit purple-black... ccc ccceescccsvccceeescvsesers Re OCCidentalis Rubus hispidus L. Dewberry, Bramble Java Farm. One station: border of mixed hardwood forest at end of road to springhouse. Hectare 3427, Ivy Neck. One station: prostrate in cornfield on Scaffold Peninsula and in adjacent forest. (May be infrequent to moderately abundant at forest borders.) Higman 658. R. phoenicolasius Maxim. Wineberry Java Farm. One station: near northeast border fence. Hectare 2550. Summit of steep west-facing slope (old orchard); dense canopy of Juglans nigra, dense ground layer of Lonicera japonica. Also in small ravine at base of slope, adjoining meadow. Higman 781. salatey gaibaazge ris bin band cies fuk ekewaly ; juontiv slostqeoex adi nt galyib astio shox Oe in gaoltq ,djesned osstg sisq seveol pact list ites 4 Seveseesedaabsd trey asloieay bos emote paable fidod a0 a gaibessx9 eadul xqics ditw ,rsiieme doum ezevolt_ ts ewe - sesstqsosx mort gnaiiis? yitbaes trust :aleteq — ie yixveon ,dissasd yloow-s3 Edw yvisenab.asvEegl' sp snsskedua sefotisq base anieve isyeds evordelg ay .euosdslg 20 ae ae oa ces, osreb doiw xviso bas ,elesibeg ,caloiteq ,smesd .f oe chontov-bex eteltee! jeitod weivbsely betc; Ded) | ; vee oe DSE REGTE, en) ee Bite 2's welokieg j;euosvslg yrev s9Jto Jvc suoidals anes ..f pis satobialg-von dsiv seoliq yistigrls elsotbsq bas Ree shouinv-asexy sisliasl jaeotmnmos ayino taxbed: - 7ien SESE eee dtu ny ‘ x 4 eliinn36 verrsdesd = oF aubbge lt audogy)s - | aa tn A og Yaso? boowbzes bextw 20 rsbi0od :mordsia sn) .srist avel” ‘oe ‘Ue eNSAE sresosl sunordgabtqs os bear Fay eT a: : j Hicn - _ heties? a0 bietiqa0 nt s2exs8074 snotsete od jao9M ek Se a dasyol tragstis. os bes aluenkaet a b.eyebsed Sesroi is jooduuds yisterebou 03 Inaugsyial ee “yet) .8c8 memgell, qysodanth oxen euicateo tinea .s f, IBI9 ii Jedast rebyod tasedtron sssm jaolisie eanQ .9ret Byes 7 seaab baie! blo) sqole anisein~sesw qpate jo thom? Oe 44 yayal boots sanah eral oes Legal fess 125. R. occidentalis L. Black Raspberry Java Farm. Dominant in many old fields, forming dense clumps. Seems to compete well with Campsis radicans and Lonicera japonica. Also scattered in grassy areas. Higman 702, 648. Fragaria Fragaria virginiana Duchesne Strawberry Java Farm. Three stations: grassy triangle at entrance gate, washed-out culvert on upper Fox Creek, and open glade at end of springhouse road. All sites moderately moist, moderately sunny, and moderately free of Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica. Associated with Viola spp., Duchesnea indica, assorted grasses. Higman 622. Duchesnea Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke. False or Indian Strawberry Java Farm. Moderately abundant to abundant in same habitat as Fragaria virginiana above. Also found in bottom of Muddy Creek valley, under canopy of Fraxinus americana and Platanus occidentalis; associate species there include Ranunculus sceleratus and Allium vineale. Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant along Cheston Creek drainage. Canopy of mature Platanus occidentalis, Robinia pseudoacacia. Higman 1/7, Sst GOIN ./ 83). Potentilla 1. Stem erect, 2-9 dm. high. 2. Leaves digitately 5- to 7-foliate; teeth of larger leaflets narrowly deltoid, ascending toward the apex; petals notched at apex; flowers 15 to 25 Top DOG sreileloveileieitctelela\otaycrolevoketatene) shelelare) eienerier et aieienenehsnevelisieueh exe Mrae Citta) 2. Leaves palmately 3-foliate; teeth of larger leaflets broadly acute, spreading; petals only slightly notched at apex; flowers 3 to 10 mn. ROK CD UD OOO COOL OD ODOOOUU0D U0 GOOG MOU O ODIO OO ODO OD eo) ular! avenas), ditw: Tiow, Sioa “Beate Veen ty: ab” | Bitegayt : ia tradwesa? | -giuadoud auetatasty: : Spee opietice te eignelsd. (22978 - sagokesa sovdT | mga. evel 2 avis) , 8735 ert ations nozbasoaks yegnts-ovld ease beak teox) ybbutt olo gnola inotiaia ono zat erat 208 pamatli \STAS statneH = .evods eTRBSSeRe> 4 as dstided ey poet sche ml ei 7 veh gaols tosbauds ylesetsbom > ast ovals SietsonsA ,sgeciesb xoox? xod 20 Jsvivo: vane WAT Less frequent in forest north of Fox Creek marsh and in Muddy Creek valley near old entrance road. Both areas have dense, mature canopy and a dense ground layer of Lonicera japonica. Associate species at both locations: Elephantopus carolinianus. Higman 184, 248, 830. LEGUMINOSAE 1. Stamens completely separate. (monadelphous at base in Amorpha). 2. Stamens inserted on the calyx. 3. Herbs; flowers yellow; petioles with 1 or MOTEY GANA Seie cle laters referee oi elavkolede slatelshste steieteyaeiers elses Cassia 3. Trees; flowers white or pink; petioles without basal glands. 4, Plants thorny. Expected (Gleditsia). 4. Plants thornless. 5. Leaves bipinnate, with ovate leaflets; flowers white, not papilionaceous; legumes thick and woody, 1 dm. or more in length.. Gymnocladus 5. Leaves simple, cordate; flowers pink, papilionaceous, appearing before the leaves; legumes not woody, approx. D=I/ MCs VON Pic erevoisrereicl svelereleieic: siciecs err el sieraiee MOET CLS 2. Stamens inserted on the corolla. 6. Shrubs; sandy shoreline habitat; leaves with 13 to 35 leaflets; corolla of 1 violet petal; Legumest resin—dotteds..% «.cvsies sie sclsialetelsiele sn AMORpha 6. Herbs; inland habitat; leaves with 3 leaflets; corolla of 5 yellow petals (papilionaceous); legumes not resinous.......... Baptisia 1. Stamens monadelphous or diadelphous. Herbs, except Robinia. (Wisteria and Cytisus omitted). RaeOUTMUOS | usd de esodqlobanom) <94B78998 vistslqmoa enomste * «(edgxon® be x¢iso sft oo bstsssat. enometé a ; | so 1 Hakw solotisg ;wolisy eiaoal sadroll tte aa ai2ap ntl. heen - caney es evnbne lg S2Qmt ‘ankq Oo sildw arsvol? geosxT .t (hao vebnetg feead | ee tjiedakw eslokiod Hh 5 . latest belo) bojoeqxa © .yurods atneld oh x b b F > f »peolaton2 etesld .& (0M i S| me 3 , ei davetinas stevo fiiw eisontgtd aaveal «.€ sh (UA ris) ran eemugat neha plage ap 40H .o2tdw, axawolt ei Pe amigiSonmayD ..Hiagest ni erom ro .mb ft yy tboow bns #otds ee by | Ke inky. ayeswolk ,92627109 ,elqmte eovesl .¢ . La + aHi aiotesd gate ggs evossnroll rqeg i | .xorags ee roq esmugel jauveol 5 7 i rs . Bkoxa0 Pe a cca uensesyp aerate ae ghol .mo Yrt ee aiboron edt no bsttaanl enemas? 8 seveol ;jsaididsd petiasce. ybase j;edwide a ee ¥etotv It In sifotos zesstisel cl of 4 djiw at nileerguh, cd wteebenetraaer esas pibebactesy epnarget i tadaq & dale ssveol ;3jetidad beatal edaeut .o eipioq woifsy & to sifoxeo setoitsel Mmbebiqee «+--+ ++-~ 9" vesa yon Bomgel ; (evospanotitqng) : adie .auedqiobstb to auodgisbedom F »(batiimo sual 1¥D bon cammmeell sundae 20mm | 4 ee eee 128, 7. Anthers of 2 forms; legume dehiscent. (Also, stamens monadelphous). Expected (Lupinus) .— 7. Anthers uniform. (Stylosanthes has 2 forms but legume is indehiscent). 8. Leaflets denticulate or serrulate. 9. Inflorescence a head; petals persistent LT meiatallesteevevaneledaenerene leial silevenciellevelereNe! svorenayersiersroter ofelel eNom laren OM let can 9. Inflorescence a raceme or spike; petals deciduous in fruit. 10. Legume straight; plant about 1 m. EEULILS GH do OU dun OUSU Udo ooDG OD ododo dg welbblomns 10. Legume curved; plant (in species collected) low and spreading............. Medicago 8. Leaflets entire. 11. Trees, thorny. (Also, 3 to 10 pairs of WEAELCES))< ereret eieiers/ sists, eels isievare! sislicicyereee eater te eres RODEN a 11. Herbs, thornless. 12. Plant not a vine, without tendrils nor twining. (2 species of Lespedeza are prostrate and spreading). 13, Leaflets 5 or more, up to approx. 25; legume dehiscent. Expected (Aeschynomene, Tephrosia). 13. Leaflets 3; legume indehiscent. 14. Leaflets stipellate (with appendages like stipules); calyx 2-lipped; flowers purple to pink; legume AGHESAV Cis exclonensdenerete Halsisieieie(s sieloere DeSmodaum 14, Leaflets not stipellate; calyx subequally 5-toothed; flowers yellow or whitish; legume not adhesive. Oates _ (dase tte nk ak 9% .etatuxtse 20 § ssutuatsaab piettsad ‘8 a Gastakess4¢ wteteq: tbsan’ £ inioveanwheak: Rinwe ERS a ic TRE aisied ~odiqe 10 SmspeT 5 ansanasiolial,: eo yuna? at evoubloeb jm 2 Qvods jaslq ,adgisxse ancuats ioe ( My oka caysstsrnea irra sv enaehia estosqea ot) inalg ¢ »baviwe omuges OS Hpewestocness sQntbeszge bas wok {bsaioalios orbiae eyotigae Bin 4p extan OL of © oats) equrod? “sooxt Lit irae se es Fe ee * « «oe webensectasakipeat vaso larodd eds aitrbsass soodiiw ,saty 8 300 yrekt) SL asebegest to e9tosge S$) «.gakokws 700 «Cgatbsszqe bea s2saiz0tg Sts od qu ,9 ton! 16 2 aseltned .tL -dneseliah smgel 72h .xoTqqR! -(aleordgeT - asanmomydae eh) betosqxa Ygascetdebot smvast ;£-ensitest Mab f Ashu) stalieqitza esefised at > (asiveite alti asgebooqgs a axswolt spaygiI-S xeieo’ ere ibe. seugetl ;aniqvas alatug “ptboaesd Bo Aiapecpenee'n» «ner smnnennes yeteilegiia 708 ete lizset rbaridoos-é, ylinupedie xyiao ganas zo wolfsg & you sauigel - IAN 15. Flowers whitish with purple markings; stamens diadelphous; calyx persistent in fruit. (Some species have apetalous FlowersWalliso MAR). sist Mii clelers teishe cMicttseelein. Lespedeza 15. Flowers yellow; stamens monadelphous (2 kinds of anthers); calyx deciduous in ELUTE). 6 elleletereisleljeiescrseccsereerercveorseces otylosanthes 12, Plant a vine, trailing or twining, may have tendrils. 16. Tendrils terminating the pinnate leaves; He ake rs UOMO MOE le eireiesie! eneieleevelensisiors sleneiensieeie isha Cac: 16. Tendrils absent; leaves odd-pinnate, with 3 to 9 leaflets. 17. Leaflets usually 5 to 9, ovate- PANCCOLAES. 6 is sie c viveiele oe eles ieee s slelsiaie's wieiee ADLOS 17. Leaflets 3. 18. Corolla yellow. Expected (Rhynchosia). 18. Corolla blue or purple to white. 19. Style not bearded. 20. Flowers both petaliferous and apetalous, the latter attached to roots; calyx of petaliferous flowers without small bracts at base of pedicel; calyx teeth SuUbequal 2). 5 sieienciers cee eves, « shhevRMMEAMp ML Carpa 20. Flowers all petaliferous; calyx with small bracts at base of pedicels; calyx 2- lipped, deeply cleft. Expected (Pueraria). 19. Style bearded. 21. Style bearded at summit around stigma. Expected (Centrosema). 21. Style bearded along upper surface, Os ea oe hye ta, Coe a PD isiarskewsl anuiese swottate atowert: ee at evoubinsh xyla7 '; (axedsuts 40 abyra | Peay as ge set bbecix sce sBobn tay es ye aemeS we Be i hs pee yao santakut xo gabitert'; aniv & 306th Peet ce 5! " alivboss eae pi ; jaboket: wrcmite arnt gat vaanariey eliibyat 208 . Bioil init w Cie s hub ae diab ee CRO, DO Of agiteal : Euttte: .otenatg-boo aoiveol shantadiesehe fe sajatiesl @ oF > * -s3sr" 94 @ yifauey edelinet VL WORGA cee se iene were e sd dee es. toy. 33a fos onns .€ eisftnsd VVL © | an (ekeorpardd) batgaqxt .wolLlsy AML eyes GST! se: a) 43tdw of slatvq so auld ehiord 73s -bsbaasd gon oiys2 .ef i fe f bow wuortstil ata, da0d axswol® .ON , z mii. hefuasin yortel afd ,avofstsqe 7 id - aboyvsiitinged to x4Ino_tetoo7_03 ! moanzd If voistiw ayeawoli 43889 #¢ino featbea j6 Ses0 $A GPRORMGMA 6 ede vk eae eee A BUpOCUE.. ee B sauoreikiaiag ifs erewold .OS 7 Sa 9k ad5nxd Flame daiw aviso , Bat «fi xytso: pleslhseg 30 Seed ] : Be ae ele yiqueb ,bagqtt »(atszaresd) bs2zseqxa a} behyasd siyst..! Jimme Is bebised sivie 1S Adi oir By a sane Hh a 130. 22. Flowers numerous in racemes or panicles; keel spirally coiled........ Phaseolus 22. Flowers 1 to few in heads or short racemes; keel curved but not spirally coiled. 23. Flowers 4-6 cm. long. Expected (Clitoria). 23. Flowers .6-2.5 cm. long. ( Also, keel long and blackened; flowers creamy with pink tinge; legume Hine@ar, fLat ) iis. cececn es) ovis eis ef) SETOphOSbylles Cassia fasciculata Michx. Partridge Pea Java Farm. Infrequent along Fox Point Road. Associate species: Daucus carota, Verbascum thapsus, Plantago major, Prunella vulgaris, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Erigeron canadensis. Ivy Neck. Infrequent on tractor trails and field borders. Higman 16. Gymnocladus Gymnocladus dioica (L.) K. Koch Kentucky Coffee-tree Ivy Neck. One station: large tree by parking area, north of entrance road. Hectare 4720. Probably cultivated. Higman 1047, 1053. Cercis Cercis canadensis L. Redbud Ivy Neck. Infrequent in forest of central Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Nyssa sylvatica, Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa, etc. Understory includes Rhus typhina. Higman 595. _ Amorpha Amorpha fruticosa L. False Indigo Ivy Neck. Infrequent along landward margin of sandy beach, at shore of Rhode River. Associate species: Baccharis halimifolia. Higman 1063. attoo aptly Pd he 7 Ls ite pee ; ee besosaet wie tas ey extra's : £8 - ‘Eonar ‘" ah (eksot EI) av eee ‘aval Bdlgoust ,sofem ogagmasd ,suegsn? | gooasdreav ystome> 3 -ahemebsaso poxogtss shlottbetmesxs 3180 = sezebsod bist? bnew elteatt toJosx3 Ac jroupstic! .#9948 wT a Ve | 8! negyel i 7 : I neggth | a eubsloontnd ris... Bets-9g1209 wloudnat dood «2 Cd) gotokh subsloon “a q - ae to diten ,seavs anidrsg yd sexi sgtel potssi7e 9nd stsel xvt Mee weet 2000t cematli .botavtiiuo yidsdort JOST) erajcoH .baov soaswias q ats399 : pe, budhbead a ol siene 7a bates so aromas ont get a fel | Aebtrent co biditese Letinss to Jasyved at tnaupsrint BY .sottavive sosy4 ,entiutey susiaup ,adis sudzeul) t¢ gonad eu asbulont yrosersbav « .o39 peoInomO) ByIs. .Hrotk mn: 1202 noah |) efigqzons aoetaag seiet vhase 2o akgiam brewbast winite josupsziql © otatoozeA _ spblehinkind staalgpes :estooge SHES Baptisia Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R. Vr. Wild Indigo Java Farm. One station: Fox Point, at end of road. Hectare 3558. Canopy of mature Quercus prinus, Quercus alba. Associate species: Liatris graminifolia. Higman 431. Trifolium 1. Flowers sessile in head. 2. Heads cylindric, not subtended by opposite leaves; flowers pale gray; calyx long-villous...... T. arvense 2. Heads subglobose, subtended by opposite leaves; flowers pink or reddish; calyx densely short- PLLOSE. ce crecrcacorererevecerverescesseeseceevceers Le Pratense 1. Flowers pedicellate in head. 3. Flowers yellow, becoming brown with age............ TI. procumbens 3. Flowers white to reddish-pink. 4. Stems repent or creeping, the peduncles ascending; flowers white......sscscceceecoeseees Le repens 4. Stems erect or ascending; flowers pink or LEddISh. wc ecccenvccrosevsesvvcccreesvevcceresees Le hybridum Trifolium arvense L. Rabbit-foot Clover Ivy Neck. Infrequent along tractor trail beside grassy abandoned field. Associate species: Hypericum perforatum, Festuca elatior, Trifolium hybridum, Rudbeckia serotina. Higman 813. T. pratense L. Red Clover Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in central part of grassy abandoned field. Associate species: Trifolium hybridum, Verbascum blatteria, Oenothera fruticosa. Higman 545, 695. T. pratense, var. sativum (Mill.) Schreb. Java Farm. Infrequent along new entrance road. Associate species: Vicia sativa, Melilotus alba. Higman 203. eu ey th ae as Pe ee net erase aoe Cebaea Sdatsoecs F ad is heacaaed Bi RLS piney aneee. ete, names Sk. need. sa rr Eon nil alkeeas. exovol ee) oste esqqo ye Sshastdee Joo siibabies absall Bo . Senevirs WD onc. vequoitty-snol xvfao jyexg afeq stawoll, e9vegt = wane a ; seavesl etieoggo, yd babnotdve seodoind ve\ebsast Se ae Ajyvoda ylaenab xyes jderbbas +0 ee suswol? 0 ee eR als speoltg — A . : yi ny 7 ; = oe Be MeeemOIGTG «Lovee reese ee e8Qe div nword gatmoosd ,wolley aiswelt Se ae dniqedaibbes oF oiidyw airewolt By } fy" Py eslanybsq oto ,aniqesi9-1G snoegeTd an 32 48. She va MEE eT ves di hverniversersceee sSSthy BIOWDL rantbueges? — i’ f > ; ¢ ae “re «- - . - + i - ie 6 dntaq axawol? ranthesoes To 19379 pars Je | ~ i ia (ee a echt eeae eee chseetive ares ; .dalbbsr - a: | Penouseda yetetg sbieod [tsa fon7y gaele Jqeupsaial oan. yet a eaeAIBLS Boutadl .guiiesoives gs a eotosgqa SiahooeeA ~ bios a ETE ct enttoigs sidosdbud ,mubladyd mui boeeee he’ Paver? bat ic} Sone Cart sana beavbrieds Waeetg to Ivaq istingo st jmsbnuds ylorsteboM fost yi peidetseld museed32) ~aybraded milotizt seetzeqe sJekooeeA +blobt 280 ebe agmgili .ggonktes? . z ,dewio2d f. LLEM) mow. muh apa, pee . SjelsoneA .beor somgasrs wen sirole jnsupstial wins E “E08 neagth elie as 132. T. procumbens L. Hop Clover Java Farm. One station: south-facing slope adjacent north border, overlooking meadow. Hectare 2458. Open canopy of Pyrus malus, Robinia pseudoacacia, Liriodendron tulipifera. Fairly dense Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica. Higman 1119. T. repens L. White Clover Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant along old entrance road and road to springhouse. Higman 673, 705, 706. T. hybridum L. Alsike Clover Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in grassy abandoned field. Associated with T. pratense above. Higman 687, 689, 817. Melilotus He Petals yellows. ccccrsescecivcrsccisveergesivceccrscvocee Mo Officimalis We Petal sownlte se cdcccese cscs se clogecee cipiieesiceie wee scene Me alba Melilotus officinalis (L) Lam. Yellow Sweet Clover Java Farm. Moderately abundant around main buildings and along sunny roadsides. Ivy Neck. Infrequent, around farm buildings. Higman 511, 700. M. alba Desr. White Sweet Clover Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Same habitat as M. officinalis above; somewhat more abundant. Associate species: Cirsium discolor, Osclepias syriaca, Verbascum thapsus. Higman 361. Medicago Medicago lupulina L. Black Medick Java Farm. One station: weedy lawn beside parking area at main buildings. Hectare 2580. Associate species: Melilotus alba. Higman 701. - somes30 bilo groks ee ieiaci yvlstersbor os jnoupsxtal errs rae oot eeOy EXO osagia ,sauedgakiges of beer bas: oa “xvod exiozé | HN Tet eam “3 eae coo piss benobneds yeasts ak sasbauds vinsbiabol.” 50H ort POP 082 {80 aamgih ~ .éveds ganaJE3g = day. wi) hs fa aujoltioM cr ; y wey!) jaawe, wolleY aed GD) «0 ,gususiouios betosqmm » waHoud EAReO, mo Wesi0 ,S3euNs3In-a3evo-s0nsl on, seoatt axluatss st -eunubrosh ra fy #Yencil ,ouls ealoisre & of L dabwisteemms < nsGs ‘eg ae jon edoerd +.mm o odd, aeygnol 209 Miiethoalites .@ .2iet!)) .@ suniaiz .0) bassequt | (om: pia ci tbiblaaites) esfoisire s1om,30 & daw eiaggal, a aff & Ino | ‘j ete satevo-e2008L, 05 sigiospani-meats aselieed. 3 a Sucrdsia. wreggeuosdalg ylaeen .nsebiio Fon, me 4 | et ae. “ft he wr. «taskizo 3305 o aidwods | \ anpaaet o mie yeaos dave bea 134. 7. Venation of leaflets conspicuously reticulate. 8. Flowers 6.5-13.5 mm. long; primary bracts up to 12 mm. long; loments sessile or nearly SO......sceeeeeeeeeee De Canadense 8. Flowers and bracts smaller; loments on stipes. 9. Leaflets tomentose beneath, velvety to touch, pilose above. Expected (D. viridiflorum). 9. Leaflets appressed-pilose on both ; SUTFACES. cee eee veescccesscccsevees De glabellum 7. Venation of leaflets inconspicuous. 10. Plant prostrate. (Also, stipules ovate- to lance-attenuate). Expected (D. humifusum). 10, Plant erect. (Also, stipules linear- to tlance-attenuate)in. JIS aes oc) +s) De perplexum Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl.) Wood Tick Trefoil Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant along old entrance road. Canopy of mature Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Associate species: Agrimonia microcarpa, Lactuca floridana var. villosa, Eupatorium purpureum, Elephantopus carolinianus, Smilacina racemosa, Tovara virginiana, Dentaria laciniata, etc. Higman 34, 36. D. paniculatum (L.) DC. Tick Trefoil Java Farm. Infrequent along old entrance road. Associated with D. glutinosum above. Higman 33. D. canadense (L.) DC. Tick Trefoil Java Farm. Infrequent along old entrance road. Associated with D. glutinosum above. Higman 40. D. glabellum (Michx.) DC. Tick Trefoil Java Farm. Infrequent along old entrance road. Associated with D. glutinosum above. Higman 39. ‘ 1 eater hy C0128 estat nae | sai go -S ios qi esowed. oi “4 e esas nee. behaves ¥0. siteese ” ednemot ay yale ee ‘bus ayouers! eh . «Bogie m6 ae ei! sent 3 embaed sxZosneno2 etaliuet’ se) : anes eee Ye ss bagosyet: ‘wavods ‘saolkg over oFe. os! : d aaa ; (myo Saebeeky 9) se ftod ro szoliq-beassuaga we? : a " aglinssse = sa Lae lela ima Mairi ata - a ae gseitest “20 pokgnmey asfontza ,oeiA): sedsydaorg Snel? UE + (Steunsatys-Sa0el of% —stsvo ia (SMa s(oventimped .0) bstoeqxa - iy | a i= (suet tmpsl «1 j ae i a Z ; ae \ . eo ovegpatl paduqtzas ,oefA) .tsats. trelt of J Re emt aree 40. ese) eee bi ees (9dnunstyaqaonEl OF ss Atoles?T aAakt boow (.JhuM) guscntsuls na hbotiaed = in TSeasuene bio grola joshbuuds ylsjaxshom o- thaupestint rst syvsl & a! ae ~pdis guots.() ,atlotthaszs -auget siutam to yqons0 | Beem S2eI9—) ,squnc0t te BinomivsA iastosge sjatooreA 93a ,a785 oh eeuaeiatiove: sugotesige!s ,mexugiug mulsojeusd ,peolliy 3% Me) «994 .wdpinize! sicsioed ,sqetatgrty syeyor mY fiatarT doit Pe: | hessisoeeA ,baor Siunetins bio xsocls Inoupaatat 187 ‘eval €€ cemgtt .sirhda meontzoip -s 0 date, LiojesT 4orT ima k a “oH BRED, a BevatooaeA .bsot sonatas bio geols saeupst3al eae aval +08 nihing ht -ovodn mpeomtjuts ; ‘DketexT ott ia, beastooaeA .betr soastses blo’gnols’ sxsupeyd a. LAG Taam 2 asmgit vevods. we ALS}5)c D._perplexum Schub. ; Tick Trefoil (not in Britton and Brown) Java Farm. One station in large field south of old entrance road and east of road to springhouse. Hectare 3419. Rhus radicans and Solidago altissima dominate. Associate species: Lespedeza cuneata, Eupatorium serotinum, Cyperus strigosus, Clematis virginiana, Daucus carota. Ivy Neck. One station in fallow field between entrance road and Scaffold Creek drainage. Hectare 4668. Associate species: Setaria lutescens, Eupatorium serotinum, Echinochloa pungens, Strophostyles umbellata. Higman 119, 834. Lespedeza 1.Stipules and bracts broad and scarious; calyx lobes broad; annuals. (Stem prostrate in species collected). 2.Flowers and fruits in tiny axillary clusters. Expected (L. striata). 2.Flowers and fruits in long, bracted spiciform LACEMES + ve eseeesscvccrrcscseecccreccscrevccescscecees Le Stipulacea 1.Stipules and bracts narrow to awl-shaped; calyx lobes Narrow; perennials. 3.Petaliferous flowers in racemes or panicles; apetalous ones present; calyx shorter than the legume, flowers violet. 4.Peduncles of petaliferous flowers 2 to 4 times as long as the subtending leaves. 5.Stems erect or ascending. Expected (L. violacea). 5.Stems prostrate, spreading. 6.Stems and leaflets densely pubescent........... L. procumbens 6.Stems and leaflets glabrous or nearly so....... L. repens 4,.Peduncles of petaliferous flowers equal to or shorter than the subtending leaves. Expected (L. nuttallii, L. virginica, L. intermedia). 20 Hivoe aN seit ae daksane ses sorrel svat. (Qik ex3088 “\sezoleniyqe ot ‘beot to dese Bas] laaboiqe siatooees .atantmob ‘gateali is : see jpenoalzan, a4 eeeeso cs een ~ heey ete ‘neowisd ere woifiet at woes SA0 : ‘loot ert leadoage S3aiooeeA ,Sa0% 9183990 | agentetb. daexd bie ams poliisomidad imnkioxse subyotsqul, 22 ; DES , CEL aeogth 4B nadol xyiso javotracs bas bsord #20574 bas astug baie te gatosqe st stsydsoxq ma3@) -etauans rbsord” Me Abstoeilos ‘aqugevis vxallixs yaid nk adivy? dae eyewolt, Lay »(sjaixta, 2)! hovoeqxa th 1) a a = motiotqe bedos7td jgnol nl etivtt ons axswolt.S re 1" Bapelug) ou, od a ce ih ces hbaeasescesscnsebenaeeneyes sini Nee sp memnenen a: a gadal svieo ;hecede-Iwe o2 woTTes ajosit6 bie eainakie ot ae ¥ ee eisinne ted rwormsa | -palotang x0 Sensost al exewoll svorsbetateaue ee ,amugel sia-aedd tes 1ode xyine. pieeessq Bend) 0 oe a etoty exewpl® Loe ¥ : guolasege sswol? puotettietveg to esloaubed.h- gnibsaidue sii es gaol 88 sonra i & bstosqxd «0 -palbresss 30 35879 “ama 7e,e -(aazetoby +d) gaibes3zde 970728079 emote 5 im ewe eA wre ev sess dagoRodug qisensh eisites! bas amends «8 ak : (989997 rd meenge 08 yvitsen 10 sEOSSMD sseiinel ban eus38.3 | a9 03 Poe a soeat, evoisitisasg. to oe .28785. gnibassdua r (pibemgpsat «2 +! ct 136. 3. Petaliferous flowers in heads, spikes, or axillary racemes; apetalous ones absent (except in L. cuneata, in which the calyx equals the legume); flowers white with purple markings. 7. Inflorescences at summit of stems and branches; calyx very pilose. Expected (L. capitata, L. hirta). 7. Inflorescences axillary along erect branches; calyx nearly glabrous.....-...0.%.. Siler epele sleveiere vo uigecuneata Lespedeza stipulacea Maxim. Bush Clover Ivy Neck. One station: on dirt road leading to abandoned wheat field. Also old house by tobacco barn. Higman 1022. Hectares 4658, 4740. L. procumbens Michx. Bush Clover Java Farm. One station: level bank above upper Fox Creek; open area dominated by Rubus spp. and Tripsacum dactyloides. Higman 323. Hectare 2593. L. repens (L.) Bart. Bush Clover Java Farm. One station: south-facing slope adjacent north boundary, overlooking meadow. Open canopy of Pyrus malus, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Robinia pseudoacacia. Dense ground cover of Lonicera japonica and Rhus radicans except in a few spots like this station. Higman 163. Hectare 2459. L. cuneata (Dumont) G. Don Bush Clover Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant in old fields dominated by Rubus spp., Solidago altissima, Campsis radicans, Lonicera japonica, Rhus radicans, etc. Higman 123, 372. Stylosanthes Stylosanthes biflora (L.) BSP. Pencil-flower Java Farm. Collected by H. David Hammond. Vicia 1. Peduncle very short or wanting. (Also, flowers purple). 2. Flower 1.8-3 cm. long; mature legumes brown, ESTES ei hisbiGdicioiciordieDsGIo 6 CIUIOI COG CceCLOIG CiGiCW) CcvoLoN io exersien Vem aetvia 2. Flower 1-1.8 cm. long; mature legumes black, Somewhat Wlatt ened cieyete wlete clololeteselelete ereletelere eel cvelerevale V. angustifolia ON a Ss fe ey a hatopys reeotig ray i: ernie assasaaneoriet ,ancideln viteen *xYLSO - wine seoalal2e tat ag Pls OS ‘gutbest bacr 21i6 ‘no rekibe Sav aati wi. igexs7 ao! Scol agmpth rind cooMoed yd sever bic” cela’ Ne geval) veut 2 dott srigdm 2030 wl _aqo: heen wot 4G! esyode fond evel snorspde anv ee eke avol Jan se pew Wma hh. .g2i) be. vinab misnagiaT bas. . 498 andui, yd betaatmol Boxe? | “ERLE erasoae savgho euwl : : a) Bia. , A> — ea ee eon Pe 240 yoios tno tsobtaje” sav rst. svat » wea wobrom antioolievo {VIsbaged I *% TEES bi 26280RUSEL eS — bss (Seat igs ius e n . ae0tD ch] yrnd'? era i bets Reet itoqu wat p ot Iqecx enpotbas audi Due ablneget SxS33 ae ,02a8 ststosli, .£ at renin © re, ay mvolD. ied ‘ot 2 (yhomvd) edeeguay wee gbietl bio al -dxet riz: aja 1pbe mwpsxtnt fou" pyel 5 * mason! sBithothas eiegus” eeeuary — opebiles ,+49% apaek yo hasantmob= oat $f { .929 ,Bomdibaxy aude Sok HOgs MD - n a= sii oesol73e a ? ; ; SS oe! 5 928 (nl) sroltid esdogeol (ee ie si ,H-yd batosiiod ia1s% evel eat" Powe —eiswoli ,orta) i mega. esmupet sauces jaol -.a9 ) eB, Pewee a babartserceh or. s* ©) rippers ssa nah see, oeie Somme. sruriiia gt. Ipaca peak Seb WO es Lh eh - von a Stine rene F s 137. 1. Peduncle equal to or longer than the leaflets. 3. Flowers 1 to 8, 3-8 mm. long. 4. Legume beakless, not oblique........esseeseeeees Ve. tetrasperma 4, Legume beaked, oblique at the tip. Expected (V. hirsuta). 3. Flowers 3 to 40 or more, .8 - 2 cm. long (if less than 8 in number, then 1.5-2 cm. long). 5. Calyx teeth deltoid; flowers scattered in racemes. Expected (V. caroliniana). 5. Calyx teeth lance-attenuate to linear; flowers strongly overlapping. 6. Plant glabrous or appressed-pilose. Expected (V. dasycarpa). 6. Plant villous, the lower calyx teeth CLLLACC. cece eee eee erececcereccccesccseseeees Ve Villosa Vicia sativa L. Vetch Java Farm. Infrequent along new entrance road. Associate species: Melilotus alba, Trifolium pratense, Lepidium campestre, Ranunculus bulbosus. Higman 635. V. angustifolia Reichard Vetch Java Farm. Infrequent along old entrance road, near main building area. Lonicera japonica and Rhus radicans dominant. Higman 1165. V. tetrasperma (L) Moench. Vetch Java Farm. Infrequent along old entrance road, near main building area. Higman 1166. V. villosa Roth, var. glabrescens (variety not in Britton and Brown) Vetch Ivy Neck. One station in grassy field near parking area and old house. Hectare 4720. Higman 719. Java Farm. One station beside entrance road. Higman 1246. ot Eo be 2 Aa Lote Be youl 4 gnesidsed | sugod a neg ah aie gta add 26 suptide |, padasd emvaat e a (aduaats Or adda eck andl «ma S - 8. ,sxom to O08 o3 € ex9wolt = s(gnol .m> $-t.1 aed? ,yedmun mL 8 nadt-seat 3B) if wt bereigsse eyowolt «bioates djeot: rete’ 2 .(smetniiows .¥) bsisequa -asaasgt ee . -yesnkl o3 sieunetis-sonel dtosa xyled nee x ae sl .gatqqalievo ylgnotsa erowolt = Ele _— _pholto-beeserzqas 16 auetdglg.jasld .9 ; shemek Atk Resae : hee - (egreoyash .V) bassequt ey 44947 xvia9 xewol ana ,evolliv. ansl® «0 a, ik. 4 ASCO ee oa on dimelein 9.5.0 0.40 9 aa eae ‘ . a foaey i aviiee BE 7 teshooqe SeetezoezA ,baor Sosnisns won anc ia. Jnsuparial smrys4 pyel ce ps os, SuTuonuos® ,Stieagve. jywik! thtgal ,sesodazo muktoite? ,sdis suzolk ee a .c£3 asmgih ,eiteogs mee: 7 iaits¥ ~ bradoisd ablotizausna 1 » is “4 giom icad ,beor sxnexias blo gaois ‘gesupssink .mrst ‘pyat varat ; va 7 Sucl ,vostwisdeq yleenab siueqed 8 a DOMMMENER AD shady ienevne sc tcrwcsre eer seees B04 avn > -oseitq yisjomexy to ayordsla sluegs? .a 2 2 eles a PMR OD tec re sevrseccecer rec enes yQHOL yitin -szoliq gukbsexqe e#boat93at sawol .¢ aa hi OS) 3 ae mm A+f padyde 2 (eng i Layee eae foxrxe2 booW J atotxae skieg0 = ae o 4+ gi25s3 — > eablari bia ot ganbauce ‘letersbom 63 Jgsupsa%sl | atet ‘svat 085 aamghll “qeadé ,Lov102 bool! : i fme gagks fowoxh bag sag dist gt EES Eh ra disiv ae vigsassbom of Imsupeaint sot et ite ores stese ,90C OPE ,IN I mnorgth .Jes70) ago mE a il (sir bas poaaiae ot ab 0 ff pes a 140. GERANIACEAE Geranium 1. Leaves .5-1.5 dm. wide, glabrous; rhizome at base of stem; petals much exceeding calyx; beak of mature style-column up to 2-3 cm. long....seeesccsscccceeeeee G. maculatum 1. Leaves not over .5 dm. wide, hirsute above, hirsute on nerves below; rhizome absent, taproots present; petals about equalling calyx; beak of mature style- column 1-2 mm. LONZ....cceeeesccececreeceeevecccecceee G Carolinianum Geranium maculatum L. Wild Geraniun, Crane's—bill Java Farm. Infrequent; along old entrance road under mature canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba. Higman 625. G. carolinianum L. Wild Geranium, Crane's-bill Java Farm. One station in open, grassy triangle before entrance gate. Hectare 2463. Associate species: Ranunculus bulbosus, Duchesnea indica, Fragaria virginiana, Cyperus strigosus. Higman 642. SIMAROUBACEAE Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle Tree of Heaven Java Farm. One station in old field, approximate hectare 3508. Rhus radicans abundant. Higman 1238. EUPHORBIACEAE 1. Flowers with a calyx, not in a calyx-like involucre. 2. Stamens 2 or 3; styles simple. Expected (Phyllanthus). 2. Stamens 5 to many; styles divided. 3. Pubescence of branched or stellate hairs. Expected (Croton, Crotonopsis). 3. Pubescence of simple hairs or absent. (Also, flowers monoecious, the staminate ones very small, in spikes; stamens 8 to 16; pistillate flowers at the base of the spikes; styles 3, themstipgmas (cut=tringed «redo. ie.cciecee cesses ACalypha otuertd - .evods ahiests ie ab e “18ve. 4on aan “gamaag aJoe1gs3 \ tasads smosidy wGlad Aaa ie i ~gi¢ie siuinm to deed txylso aniiieupa teods alsjaq” l Pe Baas apes ea gtas hey sewemes 1s Cp hne Oye Biihs vinar SL 6 _eauteensd iw ; 7 madelucer iikd=e' ene1o = ag Syutem wba beox socetins blo gnols :deeupssinl . mest avn 6280 gempl sedis suoroy) .6t Lohboona. augst io one a ‘estrenss)- BLEW a ai musica a = fttd-s' ane Lidgndiide oxotsd sixastsa yneste .9qe nt soijtate on0 ak au ae geneodoul gueodiud sulyonuaei restosqe oteloozes .£0AS s16329H yo . Abe piemgih .aveogitze evreqy) ,sietotarty SoBe HATOARUOWANTS atl? faveaeh in. se7T slgtiwe (TLE) smteatiie esuiioel el , :: PeSO2E sxstoed atemixotaqy ,bisi3 bio al mottste omO saris evel Sle OPSf abwett .3nebauds ensitbex sudd HAZ/ TU bs pesuloval attl-xyfpo | ton ,x¢iso s djiw ezswolt tf | nt a babivib esivse ;yaem of ¢ appmete i Rae ,evkad s3siie3e xo bedanasd te sonanesdud nal ats. (gdaionosog? spo go%)) ee 7 Me . oalA) .dneads to atts siqmba te 9s yIev sence aisnimese edi Creede as e181 saallixsig. 72f 03 8 anomase | SLi ,€ eeivie. feadiga eer } eer eS ees a ie a DD: 4 iain an ae cane vrs Ye 141. 1. Flowers without a calyx, in a calyx-like involucre, (Also, staminate flowers culstered around a single pistillate one; styles 3, each 2-cleft; outer structure (cyathium) surrounding the involucre and bearing 4 or 5 glands, these often with petaloid appendages).........+..e++.~4 Euphorbia Acalypha virginica L. Three-seeded Mercury Ivy Neck. Infrequent along trail to artificial pond, above source of Cheston Creek drainage. Associate species: Galinsoga ciliata, Gratiola neglecta, Ranunculus sceleratus, Perilla frutescens. Higman 1065. Euphorbia 1. Leaves entire, symmetrical; appendages (on glands of cyathium) broadly obovate, petaloid; inflorescence terminal, umbellaternescccsccvesecsscccvcssssesesseceos Be Ccorollata 1. Leaves serrulate, oblique at base; appendages narrow or rudimentary; inflorescence of axillary clusters. 2, Stem semi-prostrate, villous; appendages white, narrow; ovary and capsule strigose..........++++... H. Supina 2. Stem erect or ascending, glabrous; appendages pink to maroon, very small; ovary and capsule glabrous (purple spot on leaves is not a Consistent Characrer)iiwie cscs sseise eelasiessicisas ese e (he Maculata Euphorbia corollata L. Flowering Spurge Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields among dense Rubus sp., Rhus radicans, and Lonicera japonica. Higman 137, 388. E. supina Raf. Milk-purslane (not in Britton and Brown) Java Farm. One station on Fox Point Road. Associate species: Digitaria ischaemum, Eragrostis spectabilis, Juncus tenius. Higman 28. E. maculata L. Wortweed, Eyebane Java Farm. Infrequent in cracked pavement at main building area and along Fox Point and old entrance roads. Higman 14, 120, 543, 983. omuaote, =yodu0) 433419" es. xo 8 gabasod: bos Fenesanides ee 5 abn09 detststoae. a3 ivasa. guote ta seals ng he wees « Ie) resrasqe etsiooseA © .sgentsxb- desxD nossa! 4 ,anoseatuy? siltsey SELES Su Kuoeuneh «6 skdxzongud 2 ele ql - . to abasia so) asgebneqgqs itissaeee “atine savin eke gonscaszolini zbiolsieq ,sisvode ylbsord ‘een brldeyoo Gang Lantos? Be Bielloros .2 ee rin aia. 6 oe hme e PRR Re ARIS Ad BD ~-. sisi ledm wore eepebesags .ssad Js auplico ~sasiuyvise cuuaee yexateauls. pant Lie 30 sonso2edtoiiar Pap Iaomek put 10. Ss - Sititiw segebmeqqs seuoltty « atetisoig- mae n832 aS i aluaqso bts yYisvVO TwoTTss ah apigue .X Paks 2 Sas 9.) o tire. oy SPRORLAIE espabnoags j;euordslg ,gutbasoes ro Jo979 msge oe Se sy sineqes base cians cLlame viev .soomwsm oF aig o age « Jom 8 sevesl ao toga slqauq) auotdsig 0 ne ws ftedonzeds, Iyatebenoa = = = ‘ agxuge gatsswolt ac sielloro sidrodqual ; 8 aududl senab gnome abiobt bio et anaupetial «orred eval : -B8E SEL momgih .soigogel B19: pissinod bas. renga thes ee! enaleiuy~ALlM . »ted a y (nwotd bos mojaicd Meeioeqe SdgtooesA .bsof IJnitod “oF no noksste 920 ‘ares ied epee cmmeth “.avtyss suonul ,etitdsiosge abteorgasd iis sal soadoya ,boswa 108 vd aes - ee ae ots as tosmaveg bedos15 at sneueeiah met evel Bit .OSI ,41 namgii abso sonsi302 bio. > bas ack a HA ~ . 1%, whores : 142. ANACARDIACEAE Rhus 1. Plant a woody vine, or with woody stems ascending 1 meter or higher; leaflets 3; flowers in axillary panicles’; drupes WHATS. srw eele ss eielotereiete silicic eidielcieletlldR. phadieans 1. Plant an erect woody shrub; leaflets 11 or more; flowers in terminal pyramidal panicles; drupes reddish. 2. Rachis of leaves winged; leaflets entire or 1 cATaAlA AS Oletane) enollovlelsheieisi'e) sieueleVelolevshetsier sisle iexeicoialevereleielers eras eon CODalaelial 2. Rachis of leaves not winged; leaflets coarsely serrate. 3. Branches, petioles, and drupes with long, dense pubeSCeNCe....ccsccerecccccccccecseeccsers Re typhina 3. Branches and petioles glabrous, drupes minutely PUDESCENE. ..ceersccceeccereseserssvcscccccecsece Re Glabra Rhus radicans L. Poison Ivy Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Ubiquitous, but conspicuously infrequent under Quercus prinus canopy along estuary shores. Absent from salt marshes, but invading sparsely wooded sandbar at Sand Point, Cheston Peninsula. R. radicans, forma malanotrichocarpa (A. H. Moore) Fern. Java Farm. Old field near Fox Creek drainage. Dense, ascending woody stems 3 to 5 feet tall. Near southern limit of known range. Higman 375. R. radicans, var. vulgaris (Michx.) DC., forma negundo (Greene) Fern. Java Farm. Twining on tree north of Fox Creek marsh. Near northern limit of known range. Higman 768. R. copallina L. : Dwarf Sumac Java Farm. One station in valley of Muddy Creek, upstream from culvert of old entrance road. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Hectare 2457. Ivy Neck. Infrequent, in ditch through cornfields on Scaffold Peninsula, also on west shore of Scaffold Peninsula under canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, etc. Higman 179, 851. onde amete Nelo 514 pres dow: c Visiitxs ‘ab atowolt pe aaeLteot " peotiyia yo RR read ppeenie Maen: .eyon © ey EE ajeltsol adurcite yboow: ‘$oat9 “AB t58. Minos ila ta vest aines Tpbbas sa parcial at ‘etawold” “yo! gtkaas aveitssl, pbasiiw Saves 3h" abdonit” shee Demis hoa Trae edn One Naan he § CARN eirson 1 x oe sisiiael ;bexakw jon ssvsel #0 eidost :, BIBT IES | anol dalw asquab bas ,esfoliog peices ae eats Tice hnranaue cates iver sve ney seas Sammonedyg SeNey ; yietumim asqusb psuordslg ealotiag bas esilosetd it i widely: 1 Pebeeahbabesasyectisctonrev snes seer gasonsdug “vi noatot J ansotbss sagt Gueupo rir ¢isvorstgenos gud ,wwodiupidd§ ,jtosll yvi bos wrest aval Phas port gooads .seroce Sabie’ qnols yaonR> 2uniyg eus1su0 ebay Mmogeedo ,tatoT bee? te stedbaee bobcow ylsaxsge gutbavnt dud eatesent Sivantasd = sames0noiasonales ane) vennoiban we a A a mt a ~ Oe NT ve = sare? tawoant 4H Ad ray gnihasozs . a, yogaciesh as0x3 xol 1s980 bier b1O ore ever 1AQIB qwond 46 stabi wradiuoa ts9f Liat Jos? ¢ oa t emege choow - ae 2 =—— (.xrloiM) ezisplow soev (em wanes eee 71st (sne0%0)- obaupen amxok i _ eee .tntem aser0 xol 30 Ajton 9973, 10 agniniv? met eval : ea ; 30% osagiff ,sgme7 avons to stmth a out Scrawl an d4e7D “ybbeM Lo yslisv ai noiseze ante at at eu See vatigtsess Loco sunat 20 yqoeD~ -bsou sonsitas, blo ae. —~ NOS 97 gTasos 6.038 Dear 5h sat 143. R. typhina L. Staghorn Sumac Java Farm. Infrequent, usually in scattered clumps; observed around main buildings, around burned house on road to springhouse (charcoal-covered soil), and along Rhode River shore near pier. Ivy Neck. One clump near Cheston Point, and scattered nearby. Associate species: Prunus serotina, Robinia pseudoacacia. Infrequent in forest of central Scaffold Peninsula. Associate species there: Quercus alba, Liquidambar styraciflua, etc. Higman 222, 360. R. glabra L. Smooth Sumac Ivy Neck. Infrequent along top of bluff overlooking Rhode River, on Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4768. Associate species: Maclura pomifera, Liquidambar styraciflua. Higman 1011. AQUIFOLIACEAE Ilex opaca Ait. American Holly Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant along estuary shores, under canopy of Quercus prinus and Quercus alba. Occasional in mature upland forest or even in old fields. Higman 2885) 522). CELASTRACEAE 1. Plant a shrub, 1-1.5 meters high; leaves opposite; capsule 5-valved, reddish-pink; seeds bright OTANGCr ee escesveescesrsvscvcsesscesccssesscecccveceees BUONYMUS 1. Plant a woody vine; leaves alternate; capsule 3-valved, yellow-orange; seeds red.....c..eeceeceeeeeees Celastrus Euonymus americanus L. Strawberry Bush Java Farm. Infrequent, triangular area west of old Muddy Creek Road. Hectare 2472. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia and Liriodendron tulipifera. Higman 409. Celastrus Celastrus scandens L. : Bittersweet Java Farm and Ivy Neck. One station each, both at top of bank overlooking Rhode River. Also found on an old field fence at Java Farm. Hectares 3407, 3600, 4890. Associate species at all sites: dense Rhus radicans. Higman 219, 496. manos ‘on, <2atok nose? ss9m: bak ge Y. by >! riorse suavtd :eatoeqe sanks ot eataod blot#sce Isyime> 16_ jeez 4 rt errs omeammentl aedeebhueh cals 8 osaut a SS a gattoolsavo ytwid %o qod gools Insups7tst “host wt ,plussige? sojsed) fo- rev ‘gahouqe adntvo2aA ,Bata sists Lf0f oeag th puiitoszyse zadusbkupit 24 ented suis SARDATIOWIUOA BLieh weobrems A1A 52590 sok | i, gnoks toginel ehaveretye | pace oNe ost yrt bre ores Byeb 82 yaareaqge esysel ae Sigtzd ebase gatqars t ; afueqss ;Stensetiea seyasl raniv yeoow & toels .o% :agusito-wol lay ,bovisv-€ , DSi Boos J agnsotzoms SueeeOe | yaivaashtd , Imaupas? ei «erat avysl CHa) .ShPS ays3908 ee C08 meagih qadol Ils i wobre disbiu aah * - aacamne bie -asdonesd gsuoy ~438+°4 S9q eTsaelt rs aR a : apd Sa has aifgrad of es bhatt (x giilroy. , vilek oiqaa) 7 a a * seh fexad wl ghaugoe 2 32k Bie i : stigion 15 Hue abfnid bio o3 WWouosTIML = + 304 wi bos wre svat. bate | oga .. ose [TSd eagts ,2esTe? 26) 7 ; _ a hq wien oll ; acy en eebt a8 e dozen gnviv itexs Se gunk (bess-signte : ECR osxadpek =. Asat) ybbvM oF ~prsiighivy notbae! : "Atal mserglH .273 :notsads an0° “ere ae o1aR gsusta0e blo mot yreborod | 4 tid ,sdis SpI59Up 70 pS pie ieremOT LYSB + al muatiesooee, Fs fo xeb10s vletom anoles as912 agisl fstavee -naltsia sn ainsi wi Da ‘ 9 qojnedd Yo s97N0e) sodaeg o4 45 J pve eyco gutwat> ff asn2268 eects efdasebiem bettaocqs’ aved bas gaacqoLsveb - grosazabmy beam SISOt gomgik -auetaiaisy soxyqeele , ciangsobsed saakson ra SiqaM bex banobagds to xebaesat biknein tse ‘4 Grenpesaal- ,aano zetaion Bm BEDEGeS - gillgaM vovitt 145. BALSAMINACEAE Impatiens capensis Meerb, f. immaculata (Weath.) Fern. and Schub. Touch-me-not Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Abundant in very moist, forested areas, especially the upper Muddy and Scaffold Creek valleys. Higman 76. f. albiflora (Rand and Redf.) Fern. and Schub. (1. biflora Willd.) Touch-me-not Java Farm. One station: freshwater part of Fox Creek marsh. Hectare 3516. Higman 242. VITACEAE 1. Leaves simple, may be lobed; bark loosening in ropy shreds, without lenticels........cceecceeeecceeee Vitis 1. Leaves with 5 palmate leaflets; bark tight, with MaNnylentdL Cel. Sis tics siecleeidlsie Moremi siieie ccleie leli@iekder cies Harthenocissus Vitis 1. Leaves ovate-squarish, with dense rusty pubescence beneath; grapes 1.5-2.5 cm. diameter...............-+. Ve. labrusca 1. Leaves cordate at base, acuminate at tip, glabrous except for conspicuous tufts in axils of veins. beneath; grapes 3-9 mm. diameter.......ccceccscccceeee Ve VUlpina Vitis labrusca L. Fox Grape Java Farm. Infrequent in bottom of Muddy Creek valley. Canopy of Fraxinus americana. Associate species: Rubus sp., Lonicera japonica. Higman 67. V. vulpina L. Frost Grape Java Farm. Moderately abundant in old fields. Associate species: Rhus radicans, Campsis radicans, Lonicera japonica. Higman 166, 374. Parthenocissus Parthenocissus quinquefolia L. Virginia Creeper Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields and at borders of freshwater marshes. Associated with Rhus radicans, Lonicera japonica, etc. Higman 86, 224, belo seat es duptnycé © .299% es vey Perce oe a -ayetiav deed hlotisod: bas qbbul roqqer ela yltet ce a | dprioe bas syed (.3bea bas basi) solanate 18 ‘gommisou07 mi Aken ye" : | (PLLA prob Rd 2D) eae §aa79 x0% Zo t18q asieunee7? prottess an. sats) eet: nae S&S aemgih. .alee aveaoall SAAQATIV ae I eS. mt gainezool aad *hedol ad yam -siqmia. aevest ut _ MR ROE «544+ sirlvaierit awe sie rs ee wplesisasi juodtiw .abetde: waa a es 7 ijiw ,ddgha Axed yeiel Jeol sisaleg-= dStw Loven ake BU MMMRRDOCRHIIAT ce mee y ener center ces sa waiwedsewscclee sto5 sSLRD ESSE COMET eee ) a oy p a ‘ ary } = eiziv . sinenasdug yIsux Seach diiv «cetwsuparssave goveol ah 5 o 2, f-a.f agqetg titesisd == i Boosdel «Vo +s essere sees jeteme rth |.ma Cysrovt _ evesdsig ,gi2 Ja sientmuss ,s640 38 ejebyo> esvead wt siiisy Yo alix& ar site 7 marylve Vives vikve bpplnpiee 0 v4.0) e SMASMBLO eh * : i oe | A gopuzdal eae y, ; Sqst) xot ee auoU oe yewens sot Jqeoes(~i/% um @=6 jetg iitesnwed 2oee ¥") — yqons? ‘Yektny Aas bbUM to stodtad ot Jasupes: ve ae “era evel mrs : alia «-@@ gudua ‘:setosge sjetooeeA «Bites. iyoke aunt eer to ¥ at: cog hl spor? 2) sh gabe a 4 SteisoonA .ebleli.blo mo toabauda yisjaxsboM exe) sveb\” (Bal onwgtlh .eoteogat sxsotoal ,enaotbex pieqmes)) posabbes Pr a sf du 1 GRAS a a 1849 ; wit. hd eg ey ne ie at 4 LM & yeu) ke wiebaed je, bop blot? blo ut jssupexil ¥ amet ava see penn A992} as koaqa siatsossA .esiisutes yiersir bas eying” sine ow 36 ueaiue? svi .s2intarty avisielsiood ,aiioitiguane 2 ag meee Jaut eword .539 ,museutty muotnsd PVE z : ,BX Hemgit .agos StloM gies annie xpi syisiels3a0x . WolleM sundens? feast (.d) solotgriy svistsleseom 05 dekden some Gt Srabmide yledatsboH .i#oel yi bos met svel.” : a LOS ,\e meagil .svods sittesiag aupekdih aa a tb a molt sudé tpel-tevia’. _ ibe Ligsutgoont noligedA | im mrad bic ebiasd blalinios jo sabi0ed iaolanie pit WE oa 3 eee, Rt (ESX8 sznjoeH ..joax) qotesd) 20 92700 then, ,baog, Istotiiozsl Pe # DA gaerbon satavoss Johan ogasna!’ youteomerse s.v34 taghoege siakogaal y -O00L semg th porriche se sapere baw FARSSITIVS MyaySeA ----e- essed elajeq jeztag Leupsny < a: r neat = aPEIee BiNGNE SATS 0.6 9: 00,0 94 ¥\0: Sad CO RPe Ss € etatog a whee ae . rod mise + br oid bso az bensbaade ‘non a ta ae | | 147. Hypericum 1, Flowers flesh-color or mauve, clustered in axils and top of stem. Expected (H. virginicum). 1, Flowers yellow, in terminal cymes. 2. Stamens 20-100 or more. 3. Stamens in 3 to 5 clusters; styles 3; capsules, petals, sepals, and leaves with black dots or lines (oil vesicles), leaf dots may also be translucent. 4, Plant very branched; leaves very numerous, elliptic-linear, usually with axillary fascicles on whole stem and branches; petals with black marginal dots; sepals 5-6 mm. long, acuminate... .ccccescovcceseeeee He perforatum 4, Plant branched only at summit for cyme; leaves remote, elliptic-ovate, seldom with axillary fascicles except on upper stem near cymes; petals with black lines; sepals 2-3 mm. long, acute or blunt......eeceoeeeeee H. punctatum 3. Stamens not in clusters; styles united into a sharp beak; capsules, petals, sepals, and leaves without oil vesicles or black markings. Expected (H. densiflorum). 2. Stamens 5 to 12, if up to 20 the flowers are very small. 5. Leaves spreading, not linear-subulate. 6. Leaves ovate-deltoid or round-oblong, the upper cordate or clasping at base..........+. H. mutilum 6. Leaves lanceolate or linear to narrowly obovate, tapering to sessile or short- petioled base. Expected (H. canadense). 5. Leaves appressed or strongly ascending, linear-subulate. Expected (H. gentianoides). Bs HD) boaseqal apie saaties ak welts ee i ‘ ; iy ; Seth a zi Pee ria ‘ lity aa) ; oo a eae ee a ‘sxom to 001-08 “snamsze . Z ; _ roe aa A th _, eeetvegss if asiyta ;exeseuilo ¢ oF € ni ansmeye .6 7 So eiob Woeid fatw eevest bas ,elsqse ‘ateeag "oe ed oals ysm e3ob taol ,(eeisieev Tro) eamth ie: | oS Sqabonkenetd oes ,euorsmun Yiev sevasl sbeHonsad yIav soeL4 8 a : yvislitxe diiw yiisuay tesnti-skiqtifs S 4) A , - J es aes: ;eedoneyd bas meie slodw so a9iotsest eleqse 72305 [eatguam Aoald dtiw alsisq paige : au muderoixs9 m3 DO ek oD Sh edie seenreeee ~sisnimtios -guol tat a-c ia : ae ne ae ut ea allie - a i - ygmy> rot timme ts vino befomesd Japa A oe ; diiw mobiles ,sievo-otaqiife ,siomst asvest ae oa : geste xeqqy mo Jqsoxs asintoest wrellins ey hn gieqse yeont! tosid ditw sisieq zomy ss9n _ ‘muesooua «2 evenccacveceree:d00ld YO 83198 ,gn01 «mn £- i omnt betiau eslyte -ersieuls oak ton ensmaze sé . base ,eleqee ,aisisq ,eslueqso jised qvade s legnisiiem Aoeid ro velotesv to guorstw povesl soe -(aurolitensh .H) betoeqas meh ; | ) ate erswolt sda OS of qu it .S1 oF @ angmed2 .& - tisme yIsv 4 iy re .etsiudue-sseenil jon ,antbsezqe esvaal .e 9" hi Se ae ; sig eid ,gaoldo-bavor xo blotisb-s$avo saveol 8° 7 yi ~~ qulijum shacevdecss 3eBd 368 geiqssio so Siabi0> Teqqu ae neste) ae ylwossen o3 rg9mil 70 stsiosonsl eevaol «0 -szofa 10 sitaese 03 gniizeqai ,atsvodo «(gaasbsas> «H) petzegxd .sasd beietieq =. sg | = . : tT f . egue a i : ¢,i-€. edu wylad Boa z §) sabpefa oF gniteqs? ,bkoaqtiis-giode ygaol X | . eos 3uxt WO cece srues aathestqe-gatbasses . ssiysutea nk tnsboudA- 99% wok bas myst eval a! vbbuM gnois bavol .ytsuz8e asses ybbset ‘ ‘Stil masigaqy 03 Ase70 tot se at derxam tise bath etnent at beresqasekh yilsusit¥) SASDATAASA diate yaxuwla « dasiq phavogmoa eamise€ « esa a» (DetoBELoD a ae ie) Te ACh TS lal Raa aidan sally \aslienosd is aang abedot q BEV R tates s oghale Pema espns 153. Aralia spinosa L. Hercules’ Club Java Farm. Principal station on north side of Fox Point Road, near base of peninsula and head of Fox Creek estuary. Hectare 3556. Abundant in understory. Canopy of Quercus velutina, Quercus alba, Nyssa sylvatica, and Pinus virginiana. Also observed in Hectares 3415, 3530, and 3554. Scattered infrequently under a variety of hardwood canopies. Ivy Neck. Infrequent in forest on lower Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of mixed hardwoods. Higman 395. Hedera Hedera helix L. English Ivy Java Farm. Principal station north of Smithsonian property, on north-facing slope above stream, near road to pier. Hectare 2599. Canopy of mixed hardwoods; understory of Ilex opaca. Also on north bank of Fox Point. Hectare 3558. Canopy of Quercus prinus. Higman 1239. UMBELLIFERAE (From Dayton, 1942) 1. Leaves without blades, reduced to hollow, linear, cylindrical, septate petioles. Expected (Lilaeopsis). 1. Leaves with blades well-developed. 2. Leaves simple (only the basal ones in Zizia). 3. Stems creeping, rooting at the nodes............ Hydrocotyle 3. Stems erect. Expected (Eryngium, Zizia). 2, Leaves compound. 4, Leaves, or most of them, palmately compound. 5. Umbellets globose; fruit burlike, with hooked shir Stlles wey. vyatunia fises. xylea ;stannig sotids yo soiw2 asvss.t yilsueu sroylovat ;et9153 amese yizos bebavor dtiw thoxi ;Jaseds xviso ;eworitu? Ayah bas ediz antey tesI) obiA) .4nertmorg disst aetatjon to moksoe1lbh al bass -(p3uatD) betosqrad. (iftess reawisod alyioootbyH ‘f Sagwynnet otal -dnodT s3eilkotarey slisaeaeae a | . (bnommeH bivedl -H vd betosifo ‘a B&O tnteT xo% gnola qidedot oral aval pivoiasé toorsdsn2 Avsia J ghansbeas sta to drsvivo rss0 (bos soa57308 wen rimottste sn® .areT svat bas Bs al lo yqous2. .é\2S sisiosH -sgenis2b donate OEE ,20 snes -sulitossyse isdmsbhiu -90 (.2) 156. Ptilimnium Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf. Mock Bishop-weed Java Farm. One station: shore of Muddy Creek near upstream limit of salt marsh. Hectare 3403. Associate species: Panicum virgatum, Baccharis halimifolia, Aster subulatus, Cyperus strigosus. Higman 254. Daucus Daucus carota L. Wild Carrot Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent; in grassy old fields, along roadsides, etc. Higman 138, 199, 953. Sium Sium suave Walt. Water Parsnip Ivy Neck. One station: margin of cut-off pond on Rhode River shore of Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4800. Associate species: Sambucus canadensis, Rumex verticillatus, Sparganium eurycarpum. Higman 948. CORNACEAE 1. Flowers green or purple, in a close cyme or head, with a large 4-bracted white or pink involucre; ErULE TEI. ccevcecccecccveseceesevrecevesevsceserveses Ge florida 1. Flowers white or creamy, in open cymes, without involucre; fruit blue or white. 2. Leaves alternate, but appearing whorled by crowding fat tips tof branches. ..j:).10\. 00sec «ces eleeeiee) Ce alternifolia 2. Leaves opposite, not crowded at tips of branches. 3. Cymes long, loosely paniculate; leaves 1 to 4 cm. broad. (Also, pedicels bright red). Expected (C. racemosa). 3. Cymes compact, broad and flat-topped; leaves 1.5 to 13 cm. broad. ode: “pio £4838 940° sings oie the ‘ ye otsissH’ .devam'dise to akekt E ot th Elfed ebsed> © Soxsed bE : @itols pepe bio yaestg ai ;tasupettel oat evi. ‘si at ant he ok jth €e@ CCL BEL cemgit “1998 eabtaber + mute . ‘cauiviiaaia 938 «3 LewW sveue. md sade ovis shoiA mo beoq tio-Ju5 to aigyem :noltste enO jdaen wi : a ih spetosqea sitefFooezA .0082 sxniosH .sluentesd motesdd io. mmuaieoyins migegreg? ,2utalltoiizey eames ,akenobanso BAIIAMHOD Wh Mi been 4¢ syd se0ls 5 si ,slqruq to a997g etewolt-.f a rstoutlovat adakq 10 stidw betoasd-) sgusl 6 Atiw 2G Petes renee sea ere rene eseweseneeersserevenseeDet F ; cs: abixoli 2 teat 2 i M 9 oat i: . ; tuodtiw ,e90rgo oeqo ni ,vameto ro stidw erowort ‘a aa ,etidw 10 ould thus? jsteulovat 7 yd beltorw geivesqqs jud ,stanyedis sevaat A. 2. He ak eve ence saveverseve se BSHONEAS. 20 agt? Ja Snipers saSilonsid Yo agi? 48 bebwors jon ,stieoqqo esvaad LS) 200m) . f o3 L esvest ‘sialiadalincs yisacol ,gnol aoa, .€ . (a8 Fdgiad sisokbag .08fA) bao yas} 9 OP) > Se (saomeoe «Q) bessaqull 9) iboqqos+telt bas beord .Ja6 aamyd oie -bsoxd «mo Ef oF ent eeveal eas: Le aaa - Sa, Selby far ; : a Ohian: d » W573 4, Pith of branches 1 to 2 years old white. Expected (3 species). 4, Pith of branches 1 to 2 years old brown. (Also, leaves smooth above, appressed puberulent beneath; fruit blue)........ Selsieesso eee) Gey amomum Cornus florida L. Flowering Dogwood Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant in abandoned fields; associate species: Liquidambar styraciflua, Acer rubrum, Quercus palustris. Also infrequent to moderately abundant in mature upland forest of old entrance road, under canopy of Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Higman 33, 603. C. alternifolia L. f£. Green Osier, Pagoda-dogwood Java Farm. One station: west slope of Hog Island. Canopy of Quercus alba and Quercus prinus. Associate species: Kalmia latifolia, Viburnum acerifolium. Hectare 3592. Higman 103. C. amomum Mill. Red Willow Java Farm. Infrequent in valley of Muddy Creek under canopy of Fraxinus americana, and in freshwater marsh at western boundary, west of old Muddy Creek Road. Ivy Neck. One station near source of a tributary to the east fork of Scaffold Creek estuary. Hectare 4677. Associate species: Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua. Higman 71, 186, 413. PYROLACEAE 1. Leaves green, well-developed; plant self-supporting. 2. Stem leafy; flowers in a corymb. (Also, in species collected, leaves thick and shiny, Walia uWillitseyaVCciTlS) Neweifeuekoyepehenetoue: oueouekeus) sacneKchoneue sels) o cideieie ee) Cama pnaelta 2. Stem scapose, leafy only near base; flowers in a raceme. Expected (Pyrola). 1. Leaves white, scaly; plant saprophytic or root- parasitic. “92th Wo einen {02 1 sadamned ‘8 . an mie (eabosqeve): manera a “pao Bis. eee Sas 5h eatonnedidi heesoxgus .pveds dooms esvacl (oH ceeke, Skerry :djaened ane tursadag Me hans ee ee ey ewe Boewg00 goksowolt | easy wns al debpidlo WIS te iskos OF Jaairesyigs doo¥ ata | brs azat aves Gaye tedmahtimel sretosqe Steiseses ;abisi? henobe yisteisban bt indahebm oaiA ,aitealles \aupmeuD seER ey 30 waqonns /39ban brow Sinavns blo ae peerere: Wyte oui 808 rs “rnsutig Ih 4 3I8 PEERLESS ‘gthus goshssbolks3.t :, eb to2% PDABTR eoget sala gtalad. raed ee a eb oa Ee sehr 18%: a i pata Gh 4 hays . es Caine y 46 giver .postel poll to oqote Jasw 161% “eNO, - ret, SRL, Ea ae. feerosgs Sssaliooew sumtyd, 4 wateut” a a adiae ee, (EOL demgti .SeCk stazo A moi lothgson mages Tk ) WoLliW box LLM mswmm a: | a Re vquaes sshau fser) vor | yaliev ni taevparins wiMteI ayet a SMeAW, ,Yesbried Htytcow Jn Jed tSIowtaeri od brs anes ssess ay i or hood dear? yobuet: bio. cv r ; Stee wit 09 eeesuviee 8 26, doxvae, THON HotIado lank 493% eve ™ Ric raetoody Simroeess! AN Ob sy Toon 71a) 2a0/ 08940 Sietteor 36 A038 : BE) ASLAN cong” .wifdiaesysa: we sdmeb Lupa aorta 3aut-Lies tgnalq shbaqolaval-iow: (peetg esveod yf oa fs) dongioo 6 ak vyawold pxtesl mage % (vetin bon wottd asvasl, basosiles seloage 0 edie een eee eee wis (anbet aantsiy Haw : | a ee tapi sand Ou P eyswolt ;send aéec viwo vinel ,emogese Mate Ge (ghar) tejoscge® > .smeces Ss “a ~2007 70 nravdaorane snsiiq. ecnoe, godiiw’ — sky it» tear 158. 3. Plant white, fleshy, odorless; flowers 1 or few, nodding; petals 4 to 6, separate; calyx of 2 to 5 bracts; deciduous forest habitat.......... Monotropa 3. Plant purple-brown, somewhat fleshy, sweet- scented when fresh; flowers several in a raceme, nodding at first; petals united; calyx of 5 regular sepals; pine forest habitat. Expected (Monotropsis). Chimaphila Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh. Wintergreen, Waxflower Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant on forested slopes overlooking Muddy Creek valley and Fox Creek estuary. Canopy usually of Quercus alba, Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua, and a few Pinus virginiana. Higman 94, 884. Monotropa Monotropa uniflora L. Indian-pipe, Corpse-plant Java Farm. One station: among leaf litter at base of dead Quercus alba, along north boundary between old entrance gate and Muddy Creek. Higman 1182. ERICACEAE 1. Ovary inferior; fruit a dark blue to black berry. (Also, corolla 5-cleft; stamens 10). 2. Leaves with many amber glandular dots; ovary 10-locular; anthers not awned at base..........+++-. Gaylussacia 2. Leaves not glandular-dotted; ovary either 5 locular and the anthers awnless, or ovary 10- locular and anthers awmed at base...e.ececccoeceeeeee Vaccinium 1. Ovary superior; fruit a capsule, berry-like in Gaultheria. 3. Plant prostrate and trailing, sub-herbaceous. Pe a juawe esi sadwomos wees 4s "gp ak Isveves ‘evowolt :deet? nedw. besnsoe yeles tbediinu elateq :dexti Ys gutbbom ,smsosT ,astided Jesr0% sntq ;elsqes taluger ¢- Ete (a sageetoaey) befoaqxd > as giingbmkto | ghigeagrotntw | dew (2) ssloogm Vqawoltxs! aagots potas? fo dasbauds yletereboa ot insypettal .ornrst eval: sae ai .yreuies deexd mot bos yollev As9x0 ybbum suttoolsere a . setimgbiupht. « ‘ dpy yok ,edis suoxeu) ta ile ; 7 he neat -Bastabaxty sunkd ita fe on 5 ria en ByoTtanoM : .ogiqu-netbal I sxolitay sqowonoM | | jnslq-saq710d os i] f : — a | Beeb to. 9e6d 35 zeit)! tsel gnome ~:mottede sO mei ‘evat. So a baa Sisg sonetine bio ssewled yrabaved diton gnols ,adis By95" o ‘ Bg! -SBLL memgtH ~.tesxd ybbi SAHOADISS a eerisd fosid 09 Suld axeh 6 Jiuy? jrobreiak yrsyO bie (OL ansmaas itieLa~2 ailoroo | souls) yrsvo :a706 aa tebiistiy asda yam dilw esvssd ii Vetaavivversss 980d Je benws Jon essdans tuBlusal~0s ». 2 yedsis yrevo ;bedsob-telvbaalg Jom devacd oe ¥ -0L yrsve to ,eseliwe exeitas of3 bas telusol = fuged 39 8V Chabevehvecaesessss9eed ds S9nws Latin i ee heer pi Us toe at slii-yr1ad elveqns | 5 atuad ¢ IE WS)¢ 4, Leaves acute at base, glabrous or sparsely bristly beneath; fruit berry-like, red. Expected (Gaultheria). 4. Leaves round to cordate at base, red-hirsute beneath; fruit a capsule. (Also, stems, petioles, and capsules hirsute).............. Epigaea 3. Plant an erect shrub. 5. Corolla globose, ovoid, or tubular; capsule loculicidal. (Also, anthers open at apex; flowers white, in lateral racemes or umbelliform clusters). Expected (Lyonia, Leucothoe). 5. Corolla funnelform, campanulate, or saucer- shaped; capsule septicidal. 6. Corolla funnelform, irregularly lobed; capsule cylindric, 10-25 mm. long. (Also, flowers pink, leaves deciduous in species COMME CEE) eicie vice oieie eisle sivleeisiel oidele ehelssiecisierels eee x9 above jseodols siloxo a: iksq6 te nego sacle .oelA) ,tabtottveol, ae oe xo aemessy Is1sisl at ,stidw erswolt = sisoyd) basosqxa sAessteuts mrottitedans + (sof3ogue1 “y9nes xO ,Stslunequss ,grotlenaut abigail -Ilabiotsgqee otyaqso *hegene * tbadol, vlisiugssst ,gzelleanut allored aa aE -opfA) anol .em 8-01 ,olrbailyo sioaqas 34 yy aatosqe sk euoubiosbh ssveal ~antq axewolt tiqnths 7 aenevet oer eeaereraernene ee ccaes sey tbedoatiog iat >. ae siuaqs> jisliugs? ,bogede-T3s9Ve8e aliforad. .a simisa ..gool ,mo 0] sacs aaal ,saodelg-heeeatgeb i" ea i :aabie dzod no betzob~ysivbaslg ylevatqos eevaad » eo BOBOSAG «Dincervecreveeraeresseenercrys -evesuelg ton ,%onid: dius? a ffi . ' 6fevsbau no .bstaob-relubasle yloetsiasbom ssveed oe BSGOROST -D estes een este ee ners .euoouelg ,suld Arab diurt pyine Bs yesedsitoull Hoots dood .0 (,ansW) stssoad stossauleD 76 ygones ashoy Inshauds qisistabot, aise! evi bas miei evel Seth .badfel gof no bus ssttauses Yo aiissd grote ates | baa Hteo2d ybbuM. gattoalyeve esqole ao Jnoupetiat .ias bastg augny to ygons> rsbay (C1d€ bas A@SS- ‘soxesaed) skiottts! here secon a igen +5018 2: Libaatat 160. Vaccinium 1. Leaves not more than 1 cm. long, rounded at both ends; stem trailing; corolla cleft to below the middle, its lobes recurved. Expected (V. macro- carpon). 1. Leaves 2-7 cm. long, acute at both ends (or some apically rounded in V. vacillans); stem erect; corolla shallowly cleft. 2. Flowers subtended by leafy bracts much smaller than the foliage leaves, in panicles or racemes; anthers 2-awned on the back. (Also, leaf veins thinly puberulent on both sides; corolla white)..... V. stamineum 2. Flowers not subtended by bracts, in small racemes or corymbs; anthers awnless. 3. Leaves finely and sharply serrulate (also entire in V. corymbosum). 4. Leaves narrowly elliptic, 2-3 cm. long, not over 1 cm. wide. Expected (V. angustifolium). 4, Leaves broadly elliptic or ovate, 4-6 cm. long, 2 cm. wide or more. (Also, corollas pink; berries blue to black, glaucous)........ V. corymbosum 3. Leaves entire, occasionally slightly serrulate near the apex. (Also, corolla usually pink to reddish, cylindric to urceolate; berry blue to black, 5-8 mm. dia). : 5. Leaves elliptic to oval, the smaller lateral ones more circular; twigs often bright green. (Also, berry dark blue, faintly glaucous)..... V. vacillans 5. Leaves all elliptic or ovate, acute; twigs dull green or brownish. 6. Leaves very tomentulose beneath, especially on the veins; berries shiny black, not glaucous. 6. Leaves sparsely puberulent or glabrous beneath; berries dark blue to blue-black, glaucous. amos ¥5) abas ‘dood da 23098 «asl smo Vee r3oeme@ mae (ensiitoey Wak bebauer tao ; cy qiwollsde Bit i es te qos Lemme dowm atoard Vissl xd baba siie: acoiokt Br (POBMOORT To eoloined wt ,aevsel agettot sda asda < ee. : nitey Yoel o2ztA) toad sit so benwe-S eredjon” Mweutmsse, WY seas. (Odie clicyos :dabta dtod so taoluredyg. vlog aomeopr Tleme tk , 2a onied yd babys tdue oa eyswolt se ; -2oolmvs sxsdins radimyiaa to.) oats) srelurws vigista bose yioakt esvesd. | -(mueodmysos .V at satsne oT) nw atom ,erot «ao €-S (atsqilis yiworrsn sevesd ce ee -(emplotizeugag J) betoeaxd .sbiw «mo / Taye et (mG O-\ ,S23svo to ofsqrils yibsowd esveed .# — | asifioses {oslA) «stom to sbiv .mo S$ anol See a ‘ musodmv re. Vv teveeeyvetaponvaty ,doeld oj -enld esirread iAntaq a a it: 5 stjaluries ¥i Idsiie yilanoleassoe ,oatines 2av55,) ioe a: he oe By 64 Jotq elisyeu slloteo ,oatA) -x908 30d TES - Bie hl . _ 03 suid yried :ajalosor 01 olybatly> ,detbber pe in -(eib. .omr 8-€ jdosnid £8 ay : ie fetetel asilame st4 ,fave o1 stiqklfe esvaed .t 3 ,@ee%g tipizd satio egitwa ;tsivoxto som apgo aan =. - We St. eee emelltosy WY iseee(euenuelgs ylinist ,sold dish yrxad”, oBfA) aeiwo !44098 estevo zo ottatite- ifs goveal, Ae ) dataword vo asexg Link : - F Se 42%,87 ry yilebosqes ,iteeasd seoluinomod yisy aevasd . Fy cos wit oe ey. gon ,koeld yaide esixssd :antsy sdi #e ns . saat ,eueomstg 2 — @uewasis to tnaluxedug¢ ylearsge coved TRIES * win siontd-suld o3 suld axeb ea, d3gete i pisteolos eigaidtrre goa eae ‘een gae drasesdag, edu ehrore jeuolbasty aasieed. Met? pitaened se cola Bovead rs s(aktosias .f ompuixem .2) bedoequal e, ins {drtbha asogixas dziw yo disensd suordely “sees. 2: ui wvlas: bao: aleotbeq ,oelA) Srexgesy Jos etawoLt fee estduontiw asoity adut silows, oe lubaatg aon" ‘,peveol sit zadis gaubeiae 3 atawn. aedol xyiso sesuotdeig esvael bua atoidonaag goo easel Livexolubnslg ylegnah ytEve -tsivbigeig Jot . (enepeasoda A) baanegen i gukad gavasl psavgiise a9 vitetad etetdonerd combi oe Bren ; gatol xyin> bae aleotbeq sdasened diibhe ada for. He guzopely WS «i, Jasppe1? 260. 9, sunkyg suorju) ona sits sy o2aul 20 NAR Se eaklenods Yasvies, godle boa tniof got +4 yqouss ame, ont ee : eng a a ; agen atoneantvad :a9iosqe arainersA: ve HARDATUMIAS Jwavenat? soisent fe a yehaeite sippavas abt 44 sblead inok3site on0 sat wi henabeate of Eins? fotos {i 91a 2o0H Rapenarss ss bioti 58 a6 pis. eA sh pelhy azatooras .0e' nevia® Ex EN pibos® ,aieliistsisy Oi ulloM ,adetits sgoeg his fais = aay een F eee ~ RRP betes AGES we S se LAke pater : SAUQAMIGAEMUIG PPrmysidreibos sc TG ea oaeaae there k= BA CESS RRA ta auordsle sdut ected «dh / aifa qu waw tine sed Je pHaceediq adi x52 salle f OS SS ‘ee ., evble bokgne = jane (2 Lan) si2ioes ee TAS PeROe f3¢nb tngupetic! ,Asar yvi baa met ‘aval ‘nauiie satitsac dacegte bi 9is6i3088A ee 2hee ape eteti wh oe en teoene seCO Tnggrn _ tibet ied , THASvET nO OoHSVS. Skee Yo aiine beSool? at ‘inawpetial .Ase% ‘vi -bas ars svat! AIS esegif -ovods mupebatiors: «1 ditw ladatangal (Oe aan i 2 14a ee ‘ % A , a iia ?¢ > - ; : A 163. EBENACEAE Diospyros virginiana L. Persimmon Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields. Associate species: Quercus palustris, Acer rubrum, Liquidambar styraciflua. Ivy Neck. Infrequent in old fields as above. Also moderately abundant in canopy along drainage of Cheston Creek. Associate species there: Robinia pseudoacacia, Platanus occidentalis, Liquidambar styraciflua. Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent in salt marshes, apparently the less saline parts. Associate species: Panicum virgatum, Typha latifolia. Also on sandbars. Higman 116, 158, 233, 293, 383, 512, 746. OLEACEAE 1. Plant a large tree; leaves pinnate; fruit a samara.... Fraxinus 1. Plant a woody shrub or small tree; leaves simple; fruit a wingless capsule, drupe or berry. 2. Fruit a loculicidal capsule. (Also, plant cultivated or escaped; flowers lilac-purple; leaves ovate, acuminate, entire, petioled, truncate or subcordate at base)......eseccecscevces Syringa 2. Fruit a drupe or berry. 3. Petals linear, nearly separate. Expected (Chionanthus). 3. Petals united, funnelform corolla with broad lobes. (Also, panicles terminal, erect; stigma 2-lobed; berry 2-locular)................ Ligustrum Fraxinus 1. Leaflets definitely on wingless petiolules. (Also, leaflets acuminate, with round or broadly acute base; samaras with a distinct flat wing and terete body). 2. Leaflets abruptly acuminate, equilateral at base, oblong to ovate or obovate; samaras 3-5 cm. long, the wing 4-7 mm. broad, the body .7-1.6 cm. long. (Also, leaflets may be serrulate near summit)...... F. americana (Typical species has glabrous branchlets, pet- ioles, and lower surfaces of leaflets; var. biltmoreana has these pubescent and the leaflets white beneath). a egantesb ‘gale Yqones | seaazer pemcuic one 24. dt xseitenso lee a Ineupsz3a! tos set bina +eaioeqe SisisoeaA . atisq 3 i , Off asegii vexadbane fo “on lh TATOALIO 4 ae BTRRS 6 thur? :stanatq aevacl 29973) eae & snslt a ‘setquie’ agveol Peers Elame to duxde. yboow 8- Sook, af .“s79d x0 aqurd . alneqes esslgatw 5 shut pes uy ee Soatq ,oafA) ,eivaqeo Iebtorivool's sturtil . Lgbovdennatit axswoli :b9qno89 70 bstavidiue beloriey ,sxtioe ,eieatmos ,otevo sevasl ere agnkyy? Meg vote sin peer ectateend 38 eipbyovdua 10 odsoauT? ‘a — yo eqush s -3iuzt 58 i, betosqxd .starsqee yizasw ,xeenit elsjoty .€ ‘ (auslgapmotd3) i). ae a baoid iftiw alioros mtotleanu} basins eleze% R ae | " :to97a tanieres ralotasg ,oalA) .padol Mie) BUSHSGALT oo ess esse nye e +s Crpivool-S yx199 .padol—& amgise ; ; qugkes27 EN re ,o8tA) .selulotzeq esaigniw ao > eientiatal wttand ipand syuos vibeoyd to bavos d3tiw ,stentens aisl a (ybod ators bas gukw dit sonktatb, 6 datw sonal re ,easd 48 Isieteikupe ,steatmwss ulsqusde adalined. at ul 09 @=€ setamse gesavodo ro S3eve 69 gnoldo sgitol «mo 3.f-%. ybod ods .bsoad .mm S-) gatw sda sesave(Stmaue seen otelurise ad yam eteltaol woth) at ,atsidonexd avoxdalg ead ealseqa Taok Aah wae ,eteliest to eszsitie sewol bas . eeiol ed? Baa sasasedug east ont ; : . (djaened 164. 2. Leaflets long-acuminate, inequilateral at base, lanceolate to oblong or elliptic; samaras (4) 5.5 (7.5) cm. long, the wing 6-12 mm. broad, the body 1-3 cm. long. (Also, branchlets, peticles, and leaf rachiese velvet-tomentose)......c.ccseeceeeeces Fe. tomentosa 1. Leaflets sessile, or subsessile on winged petiolules. (Also, leaflets lanceolate to oblong, with broadly acute base). 3. Leaflets entire or undulate, rarely serrulate, often inequilateral at base, on winged petiolules; samaras 4-7.5 cm. long, wing extending to middle of body. (Also, leaflets usually 7). (Typical species has pubescent branchlets, petioles, panicles, and lower surfaces of leaflets; var. subintegerrima has these Plabrous trate eck Mebbirere + cce le cececescoeos KE. pennsylvanica 3. Leaflets conspicuously serrate, equilateral at base, sessile; samaras 2.5-4 cm. long, 6-10 mm. broad, the body poorly defined, wing extending to base. Expected (F. nigra). Fraxinus americana L., var. biltmoreana (Beadle) J. Wright White Ash Java Farm. Canopy dominant along bottom of Muddy Creek valley above tidal portion. Associate species: Platanus occidentalis, Liquidambar styraciflua, Ulmus americana, Acer rubrum. Understory chiefly Lindera benzoin. Higman 1043. F. tomentosa Michx. Red Ash Java Farm. One station in old field near junction of old entrance road and road to springhouse. Hectare 3407. Associate species: Liquidambar styraciflua. Higman 389. Syringa Syringa vulgaris L. Lilac Ivy Neck. One station: yard of reconditioned house near parking area. Hectare 4720. Cultivated. Higman 1145. Ligustrum Ligustrum vulgare L. Privet Java Farm. One station: main building area. Hectare 2580. Persistent after cultivation. Higman 828. eutotsen beaaiw ao Mikendnaneiee! re pee ‘ag ine no Ew yariae ot sdalesonal a8 ee ‘i 2isivcrsa yierey ,eislubas +o sTiins avalinet’ i 4 tRedulotieg begelw am pend te Ietstelhipaar 13330 — ‘< “OS Pe bbia. o3 gnihmesus gitw , gaol -.ar @if-6- eB TERS i Y ifseas’ ateLltes! ,oafA) iybod Io” ,Sigidetasd tasseeduq ead sotssqea faotay®) j to esostige tewol bone ,asioineg ,aelotteq — — eeens aad sates agedateue - tsy peyelise! (Se SG | SPie Fe eeewn eee cee e sen eoewts ea >» (avovtely «seed Jp Iszetellups 292377948 yisgouvotganos ntolisad

Serena ptaw yt arkobrems sumks Hed oat tdigtaW .l fslbes4) ‘Baessoma itd » yeiisy 2992) ‘chbuli >. aettod. gaola inanimob xqoued waist evel >. | Hi +ebigtashty50 aunsgalT s:eatoaqa stabsoseA .nolitog Isbiz avods . WxCIsIaReY “ musydks 169A ,ampotrems aumiU sa! btostyie zedqsblupha < i , ESOL nagg it Atoshsd arsbatt ylisida — 2 eA bes wxifo EM pemoa - | 2A 6s. xiiolM geod Ei) Hilo to nckdonut teas biet} bfe at aetiata sn0 .abT evel siatsorsA .\08E srstos .savorigaiaqe of beet bas beoy-sonmasing ‘CBE nemgih .aulitossyi2 sedmebtiuphl sastosqa. | — ; ‘ ~~ : 43 tes 965i EI ol é ivy sgntbsye : griiteg issn sevod banct3ibacoss 30 beey tnoftete sno assk yet -COEY osmagit .bateviaivd OSTA expgaol - AQTB ire ) e: fa . 4 = ure Ls : sutsaugss! sae a iS my ee sae a 165, GENTIANACEAE 1. Leaves alternate, mostly petioled, compound or crenate. Expected (Menyanthes, Nymphoides). 1. Leaves opposite, sessile, simple, entire. 2. Style filiform; corolla rotate. (Also, corolla pink, 5-parted; leaves thin, cordate- GVaAbe HELASPING rete os witcve wieiele oie) eicloteleieic\e clafelafereieisielers wie Oabatdia 2. Style short to absent; corolla campanulate. 3. Calyx lobes 2, resembling leaves. (Also, corolla white, 4-lobed; leaves thick, cuneate- ODOVEECS eteecs ce cieie srereierclielel cries c isle eis ecferpasielcieseierene ODOMaidcl 3. Calyx 4- or 5-parted, not resembling leaves. Expected (Gentiana, Bartonia). Sabatia Sabatia angularis (L.) Pers. Rose-pink, Bitter-bloom Ivy Neck. One station: along abandoned road through central Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 5722. Canopy of Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Liriodendron tulipifera. Associate species: Aureolaria virginica, Vernonia glauca, Amphicarpa bracteata. Higman 964. Obolaria Obolaria virginica L. Pennywort Java Farm. One station: mature forest west of Muddy Creek and south of old entrance road. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Carya tomentosa, Quercus velutina, Liriodendron tulipifera. Higman 653. APOCYNACEAE Apocynum cannabinum L. Dogbane, Indian Hemp Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields. Associate species: Solidago altissima, Rubus sp., Lonicera japonica, Rhus radicans. Higman 232» ‘will Voatay inte —— vianiiad qi2. eg -e¥shres potds gevest: ‘pbarrsgee amo rs = Pirererresseoneneessunasnanasyes +++ (QmnQamia: > yaa Lureqinn® bela viasats on okoite shea? ie es. GR he) on cay Jbatiane giik ima is asda aeebadua® oe satsenus told savesd’ ;bedol-s oaks allowes) 2.25 besereesisegadendorscysesess(aavads t pees @s4ecvev erent ver giiidmsass Jon pating-2 10 =A x »(shootaso Bpetsaeo) bes oatp taintg-saci e189 (ol) abrelugas tee’ i ‘ moold=tesa le cla eddies Pivords bact beaobssds gnols -noliste_snG olask aa y 7 0 adits syoxgs() to yqousd .SS\@ oxssoel ,plueantast blottaa® - Sian >eolooge otetsoesA .sastighivg sorbasbokxtd egniaitey aR memgih .nzeajze1d sqteatdaek ,pousta sigomsv. eerrincs \ = j stzalod0 svi ao otitasisi .esdersm slew ak R a is ka coma he ae : i : hi) thaswhara ogbsk : 1 ‘mutges euiuy Loved - Vanla-anintoM bitw : ot “3 Plotthe® 26 bie tzewdiucs tp Hetem 21se jnokist2 900 yoo yet — Pewestesee atetooueA .[d\? axatosi .rotew toscsfbs Isl? bua fo pears . JORG ramet! .ambtiiem sibisys) .saidennno BbInOA « mjagiiv } . sputdo efsqor to aqt3 ansntet areqsee * stuegss 30 eefneot ;S so 0 sedoi sagtia pinuid zo edit at sigue dziw s3tdw siforoo” sontAy s seal < diate tines esis gaol Lum 8 oF B80 ih alia whey he ratees one Pie eed be bea ‘168. 1. Stem and sepais pubescent, tips of sepals acute to linear or bristle-tipped; lobes of stigma and locules of capsule 3 (2 in I. lacunosa). 2. Sepals densely yellow-villous near base, short- hirsute above, tapering to long linear tips; leaves densely hirsute on both sides, the lobes, if present, with narrow U-shaped sinuses.......... I. hederacea 2. Sepals moderately to sparsely pilose, with broadly acute or bristle tips; leaves strigose or sparsely pilose, the lobes, if present, with broadly obtuse sinuses. 3. Sepals moderately hirsute at base, sparsely so above, with broadly acute tips; peduncles long; leaves never lobed, strigose on both sides..... I. purpurea 3. Sepals sparsely pilose, with bristle tips; peduncles short; leaves sparsely pilose, the lobes, if present, with broadly obtuse sinuses. Expected (I. lacunosa). Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G. F. W. Mey. Wild Potato-vine Ivy Neck. One station: plowed, fallow cornfield on Cheston Peninsula. Higman 1028. I. hederacea (L.) Jacq. Blue Morning-glory Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in cornfields. Associate species: Barbarea vulgaris, B. verna, Cerastium vulgatum, etc. Higman 999, 1007, 1016. I. purpurea (L.) Roth. ‘Common Morning-glory Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent along unshaded roadsides, and in cornfields at Ivy Neck. Associated with I. hederacea above. Higman 1021, 1064. BORAGINACEAE 1. Ovary unlobed, surmounted by the style. (Also, leaves oval, 2-5 cm. long, petioled; spikes bractless, 5-12 cm. long; sepals 2-3 mm. long). Expected (Heliotropium) . 1. Ovary deeply lobed, the 1-locular divisions forming nutlets around the base of the style. es yisetsae ¢ o3 xloaezshon hag tite. eaves! jeqii aliatid: “10 94 te alae % eedol add 36 ae ; Sh ny eal ie .seeunks oe iain send Ja otuerid vtsexebeu ataied col patiol asiamubsq jagit siuas yibsord dilw ,sveds I .....a8bka ntod fo ssogitta ,badol even ‘asvesi® —~ oe a ae = AY pagia sliaiazd daiw ,seoliq ylaeisqe aleqee. sf : edi .saolkg ‘Ulsertaqa esvesl :;3toa aelsnubeq — ae aaa vesepnke seuido yibsord ditw ,jneserg 21 quadol << -(gzocvonl .1) betasqxd _ phroassot bLEM OM WOT 1D Cd) sasuinas ssa VpewasH po. bletinives wollsi ,bewolg recisase sn0 .A99K ywl- -BS0I samgth -sinentaed MekaAgatnroM s0i0 | “\poet. (0) segensbad Ba Ne “pablasga atpiooseaA aiites intop at tusbouds ylsisisboM sdoell oF Fe 7 x00! PRE nmemgiB .ot9 mutealun muktesse) ,sorsy .& ,elisaluy soxsdyee _ Peate-cormon donna) - 308 hail? ‘ue | paabiebsox bobsdeny gaols aneypesini Ase yvi ne mist svsl » ia beawads “esaoatsbsd .I ftiw botetooeeA Aca yvl 48 ebleitatoo wt ‘bot ee a vos me | MO0E LSOL ee | re ° HABQAMIOAAOS ~o2tA) .sigae add yd bestnuomiue ,bsdofay yrav0 Se ,eeeitoard asaigqe ~hatdkieaq ,gnol .m> ¢-S nh eae asvesl ua besosqxS {gaol «mm E-S meee 4 169. 2. Attachment of nutlet strongly plug-like, leaving a pit on the gynobase (enlarged receptacle). (Also, corolla campanulate or rotate, blue, or yellowish in Symphytum). Expected (Lycopsis, Borago, Symphytum). 2. Attachment of nutlet flat or concave, leaving no pit. 3. Stigmas 2 or style bifid. (Also, leaves linear- elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate). Expected (Echium, Onosmodium, Lithospermum) . 3. Stigma 1, simple. 4. Nutlets attached near the apex, strongly divergent. (Also, leaves lanceolate to broadly ovate, 10-15 cm. long, very bristly, the cauline sessile (clasping in species collected); racemes paniculate; carpels very hirsute; corolla white in species collected............ Cynoglossum 4. Nutlets attached near the middle or base, erect and parallel. 5. Flowers of the raceme not subtended by leafy bracts; nutlets smooth. (Also, plant not over 5 dm. high; cauline leaves sessile, narrowly oblanceolate-spatulate, very pilose; calyx somewhat irregular; corolla bluesorewhite;ol=3rmm*sijbroad))s.422......... Myosotis 5. Flowers, at least the lower, with leafy bracts; nutlets prickly, rough, or wrinkled. (Also, cauline leaves elliptic to ovate, up to 2 dm. long, smoothish, petioled). 6. Nutlets covered with hooked prickles. (Also, racemes about 1 dm. long, with small bracts; nutlets globose, 3 mm. long. Hackelia 6. Nutlets wrinkled, not prickly. (Also, flowers in scorpioid cymes; corolla blue, 1-2 cm. long). Expected (Mertensia). Cynoglossum Cynoglossum virginianum L. Beggar's-lice Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant in mature forest south of old entrance road and west of Muddy Creek. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus spp., Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa, etc. Associate species: Podophyllum peltatum, Claytonia virginica, Galium aparine, Orchis spectabilis, Viola papilionacea, etc. Higman 666. og so: dalk asioue oe qoaasioga 3A 5 sasadtt ésvnel oath) biixd aivde 10. £ seer ae aba eal , (edeiooonside yiworrse 03, pik eT ae ¢ ‘i , hee Resins ceais dE ,suibomeon0.. wud oa) ehaees oe ‘bog t32 3 si oe oglgdowie \xaqs adt ‘Teen berosias esoisuul oh, BON ire) ~ yxlbaoxd od sssiosamal esvest ,oa EA) .dnagtsvib, 6 — =. oa add ,yivetid yrev ,gaof «m 2f-Of ,stsvo( . w(hatoeiles estosce fi gekqeats) eltsees santiiso >. resvertn yisy wleqts ‘etsivoingg 89msos% “ . abixvess Detoetios sakveqge at satdw siloro2 paiva a my iy ,sead to sibbin gf4 pen bedossis atatiut .# i i Mo eRer, fof 1 : Be | ee ; fsilezsgq bas Bails et piece eae ie ed Dohaetdue fom emeaas 9113 to exawold .cJ . dnaiq ,oalA) .isooma esetjun retsonid gisel per ,siizeon eavaesl satiues gigtd .mb ¢ rave Jon tah yIsv _stulutaqe-o3plosszetdo yiworrsa aa alfotes ;rafegetyi Isdwemos xyiss ;pacliq } -oatdw zo Suid a a | = abiosoyti Shatewrateneee (f{eord am fai i: a: yinel daiw ,sowol afi Jessl ta ,eTewold oc pitt cet whee so ,dguot (vilotie sseitun ‘egpend, §; st om qu ,aanvo of 2itqtifs eavaot sntivss ,osfA) ee othaforrsq .fetdsoons eBiGS sso S§ p3 go ae -aebisixg badeod jin bsyaveo atefiu .d ” ‘oa, : datw ,anol «ub 1 duods aemeos7 ,oRiA) a \hlodosit .qnol..mm € ,9eodolg ejoloun -ajonad heme ,osfA) .yitotsg jon ,beliniaw exsfau .d _— el Lotten pageno Brolqtoos al axewolt =” - (ptagsss9¥) petosexs .(gaol..mo S-1 would © ures han P. ; ; Ana , be a. .2jt Pat 170. Myosotis Myosotis verna Nutt. Scorpion-grass (species not in Britton and Brown) Forget-me-not Ivy Neck. One station: abandoned grassy field on Scaffold Peninsula. Associate species: Trifolium hybridum, Trifolium pratense, Oenothera fruticosa, Hypericum perforatum, Eupatorium serotinum, etc. Higman 1085. Hackelia Hackelia virginiana (L.) Johnst. Stickseed Beggar's-lice Java Farm. Infrequent; principal station in small stream valley on Rhode River shore, slightly below pier. Hectare 3519. Canopy of Robinia pseudoacacia, Liquidambar styraciflua, Ulmus americana. Associate species: Lonicera japonica (dominant species of ground layer), Verbesina occidentalis. Rich collecting area. Higman 674. VERBENACEAE Verbena ~ 1. Spikes panicles at apices of stems and branches; corolla limb 2 to 4.5 mm. broad. 2. Spikes very slender (also interrupted in all species collected); fruiting calyces remote. 3. Leaves obtuse to subacute, pinnatifid or deeply incised; calyx glandular. Expected (V. officinalis). 3. Leaves acuminate, regularly serrate; calyx not glandular. (Also, corolla white to bluish, with limb 2 mm. broad). 4, Leaves narrowly ovate, 3 to 13 cm. long, serrate-dentate, harshly scabrous above; fruiting calyx 2.5 to 3 mm. long, its lanceolate lobes converging into an acute beak above the schizocarp (pericarp which splits into nutlets); nutlets 1 to 1.3 mm. long, reticulate above.......sesssseeeee- Ve. SCabra ontiq tansupssinl~ asst aval. © .19iq wolsd yisgdgile ,srode sevii sbodt. ao™ f ypaldboaseie asdmabtupld ,ghososebucag Biakdod 10:7 g Ye aeisoqe dcamtmob) sotaogst, sxzotnod teetoeges sieroceeA' | “(AVS ssagit .seas gnidosiies doth .elisinebtoso gatesdiaV f TASOAMMAARY anode, teadonexd bas emeje to asotqe a5 aslotasg asttqe. +f . tnaotiete of. mast evel vadetisje auatau) ,sspolet guozsup to yqomso .S8— sisiseH ete , Bi wesrssqe SistnonaA «eulilverys® 38 aedmsbiupht -amloige eunard 20E. hamgit .2emojodalh gpqmul. L (somomsasto, sbaumed ‘ z oievrsy atte r vere gkbltud stas io bos Wrei25W aban? bab savotber 2uil? sensb gnoms bede asboow nisvi3V “lp wae Ley ae f et ee hy a ya Ke s,s a ek er hag ; — Ge Ie Ie PAc LABIATAE Ovary 4-lobed, not deeply divided. 2. Corolla regular, with 5 subequal lobes. (Also, flowers solitary at ends of terminal pedicels; stamens long-exerted; stem glandular-pubescent).... Trichostema 2. Corolla irregular, the upper lip apparently WANE TMG. 5 Sd? mort bsd1sx9 anemsi@ .€ ” adel elles x0 beqede-tomled alloron 30 qhi raqql .# } Bey) gothnence ,* ayswis siemete ,celA) © .9vso9g09 =») 2a ae _ iso’ dr galbessxe ,qgtl ai Loxes 9d2 taba =p Boy fetasigegh at be et 7 ae ei) ae Pay nokiostoxrq suki-tomisd » ditw xyled .2 ‘eal ie 4dtuyvi nt bakwelo ,sbie s5qqu add oo ; me : ia vor yvilaiex yslqsawq of auld erewolt oat) Es wer aslaiauq 16 2esm9oe1 bedosrd-yieel ab a> ete EE ERTS TL LALLY (eetosqe sno _al yrsliixs jud on no folvestexq elif-semlend s tvoniiw uyfed 2. aie: 1, i, hk Jqsoxus ttuzi WE msqo ,sble reqqu Si agyest panlQaooRs 03 930722019 mote 2 + es ,o2tA) ..9and 36 m1o}iaey 03 9ashr02 ‘se .(asfotv-suld o3 osit! exawolt i ' tat ,baisaibeq visonriterb exrawolt a ‘ ies val : emameta azg9qqu ;iitxs toq € yilsveu nn ' aslioro2 jewel of’ asd> asgaol oF. 9 esse nee gate » + Oke ante “4 ae , a wes. ee bas Fantnrres sanoh mt ,sltease erowoll .V aie Satie snsmsia yeqqu saltotsxav yrsilkxa ah x0 ~inhe asifezes yxswol sed3 pene ba 4i tah ot IL7/3hc 8. Flowers axillary. Expected (Leonurus, 8. Ballota). Flowers in terminal spikes, clusters, or heads; if axillary, the subtending leaves reduced and clustered into a terminal spike. 9. Spike very dense (may be somewhat interrupted in Nepeta). LOG 10. Calyx distinctly 2-lipped, closed in fruit. (Also, flowers blue-violet, in clusters of 3 subtended bys round *bDEACES) sac cieiccew siete crete so UN ella) Calyx nearly regular, open in fruit. Expected (Nepeta, Agastache). See Appendix I. Spike loose or interrupted. (Also, calyx regular; flowers pale purple or pink). ales ale Plant glabrous; flowers single in axils of small bracts. Expected (Physostegia). Plant pubescent; flowers in small, dense cymes subtended by small), DraACES sriieioc eves es se op OLAChYS 4. Upper lip of corolla not helmet-shaped or concave. 12. Flowers in dense cymes or heads. Di (Also, corolla purple to white)............. Pycanthemum Flowers in panicles, racemes, spikes, or clusters, inflorescence terminal or axillary. 13, Flowers in loose terminal racemes or panicles. (Also, leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, serrate, acuminate, with long petioles). ane. ‘nines a lena): aie wee preci Bi ak seichacee sbeaakl-s vitonttath zyieo an cia § ee ue opis) ,ilwxt mi beeols cee 2: | /. ath .FeLofy-suid axsweti |. es : wT cs yar papnsidue £ Io sxetants, 4.200) oo ieee trie aseasene aketoend baron vd. ' z Sega = se i - J ie ae 5 «amlugss vixsen xyiad .Of - deqgsh) Koetongud , Itust \ ve f wbbanggh 933. .(ofontesne -batquivsaat so saool sAtqe .e eTowolh preisgss xyfas, ,osts) aa Giatg to. alqiuq aleq : on Soe es ; i iPgns & syowolt :avotdnmin tJoeid tf a! ; ™ i etTOB20 LaoH 4 Dike OL iy ; vl gi ge weynd) batosgqxa re Ht erew mcosseur goalt—.t E BS GAs lire 1gva eaftab ‘ i lesa a Y , BNGORTe obs s des ns ,+-etostd Ileme «d ; a beqainetowled. gon nLloyvoo aq qif xeqql .8 j i a YSVYROTOD FO x : ,abeen x0 esaivo sesh et prowolt .AL : i : PRI ASSET ods ene (OTK O2 elqavg alfoxroy yoe tA) S ~ : a0 ,wediqa .bamsess ,aslobeg ol esswolt SI tt 7 ; ; tenterste?- gonscestoltat ,sretdauis vretitxa 7 F aoense: lacked sacol nt wravolt .tf T awe ayvegt oats), .2alotnsq 20 snndlahiss eahives .gcoldo-e2ey0 .fealoiaeq gnol fale 174. 14, Plant annual, without a rootstock; calyx villous; corolla purple (at Chesapeake Bay Center) or white; stamens 4. (Also, leaves purple beneath).......... Perilla 14, Plant perennial, with large woody rootstock; calyx nearly glabrous, minutely glandular; corolla pale yellow; stamens 2. (Also, one of the 5 corolla lobes much enlarged and deeply fringed; stamens and style long- EXSEEEEd) pce eeeer ceee come om eens ceeds oo COLMinsonia 13. Flowers in spikes or clusters, terminal or axillary. 15. Stemens 2. 16. Flowers axillary, in dense clusters. 17. Corolla regular, 4-lobed. (Also, leaves coarsely dentate, acuminate at both ends; strong Mint Odor) 0% Tee. eee bee aee Lycopus 17. Corolla irregular, 2-lipped. Expected (Hedeoma, Monarda, and Blephilia). 16. Flowers in an interrupted spike. (Also, in species collected, leaves basal, lyrate-pinnatifid)............. Salvia 15. Stamens 4. 18. Corolla regular, 4-lobed. (Also, in species collected, flowers in an interrupted spike; strong MIME MOA OM) errr ics ectele «ere eteke ereletetetetternt ce) Mentha 18. Corolla irregular, 2-lipped. (Also, flowers axillary). Expected (Melissa, Satureja). Trichostema Trichostema dichotomum L. Bluecurls, Bastard Pennyroyal Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields, more abundant near young Pinus virginiana stands invading these fields. Hectares 3513, 3535. Associate species: Solidago juncea, Solidago nemoralis. Higman 378, 462. ste4007 ean teen viet telat bnet at" ae rrelubnals lea ior .guordalg vlisen xyles 7 Hag ,oets) "8" 4a swollsy Slay siloxos a he ‘yaa bogisine doum eadof s{loroo t edt do |) egaol olyte ban easmeste ;beguixt yiqseb «= | NO sn Cee er ‘dtsnlmrs? .sitstauls 10 aodhes ai exswolT - esallineg. 10 sromet2 ok ~steseuts senab at ,vislitxs azewolt .oL «hadol-' ,rsiugex eliozre) .\! gadetneb ylserano sevsel oA) i Py gnorde yeboas njed 3s stentenos eee a gygosyd Perey gs ewedete ree eC 2ON0 anim : ; : ss baqqti-& ,taiugsyxt silotod .¥L es bas .ShyanoM ,smosbeH) batssqzi oo ae «(atitdgeaté shale ae ', oe ysotte satiqe betquatsink as vies sdigoN oe Chun awigio. cee vin ene side CEODO Siem = ¥ eaqgtl-£ ,zsfugsrxt allorod .8t eat .(gaelilxe etewoL£i ,oalA) : -(sfaapiee ,serileM) bestoaqud aapseodots? Die Teucrium canadense L. Germander, Wood-sage Java Farm. One station: mew entrance road. Canopy of mature Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera. Higman 918. Scutellaria 1. Racemes not l-sided; base of stem without stolons. 2. Cauline leaves round- to oblong-ovate or the lower deltoid, all dentate or serrate. 3. Principal leaves cordate at base, villous. Expected (S. ovata). 3. Principal leaves not cordate, if shallowly so, not villous. 4, Principal leaves rhombic-ovate, 3 to 6 cm. long. (Also, lower leaves slender-petioled, median and upper ones cuneate to short—winged petioles; 2 to 5 pairs of leaves below the single or panicled terminal racemes; corolla 14s Ow? (Cen HOME) stores oleleiele crstele «lele! elaine eek ieee Lt pica 4, Principal leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, 4 to 14 cm. long. Expected (S. serrata, S. incana). 2, Cauline leaves ovate and crenate below, oblong to linear-lanceolate and entire above, successively narrower to summit of stem. (Also, petioles of upper leaves short, not winged, 3 to 8 pairs of leaves below the terminal raceme. or leafy panicilievof ythem)). crereseccs pdeneepens os o* Intepra rola 1. Racemes 1-sided; base of stem with creeping rhizomes developed from stolons. (Also, in species collected, racemes in upper axils as well as terminal, their bracts not minute). 5. Stolons not forming tubers; lower leaves regularly serrate, with slender petioles; stem with incurved-ascending pubescence at least on the angles; leaves round to subcordate to base, ACUMINAES, OEP cise evel ele wlwierslieielesalcle lore wines ee aie eels shee: ema eny lee Ore) 5. Stolons, leaves, or stem pubescence otherwise. Expected (S. parvula, S. nervosa, S. saxatilis). DTT Be We a ras f a e aa a eee 7 10 deed {babhexk jon 25m sont ae ay oars ra ar ay a petolols “auodaiw move nie * 4 gd¥-t0 atavorgaoldo o3 ~bovor zevsal eatiusd BO, .ststise Yo eistmeb Ils ,ptosieb sawol- “| a : vauolity sand ts gtebtoes aeveel leqtoats AG ea .(pasvo .2) bedssqul - ies ' ; : = : ; _ i viwolieds 7i ,aisbyop Jon asveel Laqtonkad .€ : seuniliv jon ,0e a7 & of € .Sisve-sidmody vevacl fsqivntsd A -belotdeq-rebnele aovesl xewel ,oafA) gaol “lh ! bagniw-dwote o2 stsanus eone Toqqu bos onelbeom oe, eta wolsd.zevsel to etisg ¢ 03 € geslotisq ~ 11= a effeios ;asnecny Eenimrsi belotasq ro Sigake fe a es ite .& ele ae. age veer S)QF Af \ peer eve ete ee +e a '_auotdo-stavo to sjavo eovest Isqtomtyd A oe Agmpont «2 .BIbAIAS .2) besosqxa . anol “mx &l of A ,wolsd sdanoro bas stave zevesl soifusd«.s % .syodn exiias bas sisiossnai-ssenil 0% ee, a ,oatA) mete 2o Jimmye oF Tsworten yleviaesooue a me) 2 4c;, heanhw ten .310d2e esvsei raqqu to asloaksag - ; ii : Tuniorves 3d2 wolsd esvasl to etiaq 8 a3 € (mait lo aiotasq yiesl 1O Ssm928T ma ‘ ; a. gogo s | nn eo er ee ee rt : : eamosidy geiqes1s dilw aja to sead ybebte~l esmea5h Lf _ vbajoaiios asiasqe nt ,oefA)° .enolote mort baqoleveb. -) sists ,leniois3 es Iisw as eltxe teqqe mi gamsoet “\(sduaim ton etostd : yirsiugss gavel revel jetsdud gatmrot ton eaolos2 se f4iw moje ;aelotsiegq asbaele Aibw .SIs1Ive afd mo tassi ae sanssesduq gnlbassas~bevivont .sead 03 siebrosdue oF bauer eovesl j;esigas ba Gebte sense ee cenegaennir ens x04 ssn 176. Scutellaria elliptica Muhl. Hairy Skullcap Ivy Neck. Infrequent in west-central Scaffold Peninsula. Canopy of Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Liriodendron tulipifera, Liquidambar styraciflua, Carya tomentosa. Higman 1093. s. integrifolia L. Skullcap Ivy Neck. Infrequent in west-central Scaffold Peninsula. Associated with S. elliptica above. Java Farm. One station: south-facing slope east of Muddy Creek, adjacent north boundary of Center. Hectares 2458, 2459. Partial canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Pyrus malus, and Liriodendron tulipifera. Dense Rhus radicans on ground, with few grassy patches. Higman 545, 849. S. lateriflora L. Mad-dog Skullcap Java Farm. Infrequent in freshwater marsh at western apex of triangular area west of old Muddy Creek Road. Hectare 2470. Higman 405, Glechoma Glechoma hederacea L., Ground-ivy, var. micrantha Moricand Gill-over-the-ground Java Farm. One station: gravel fill of old Muddy Creek Road, beside stream culvert south of entrance gate. Hectare 2491. Shaded by adjacent canopy of Fagus grandifolia; growing among dense Lonicera japonica. Higman 566. Lamium 1. Upper or bracteal leaves sessile, reniform; flowers 6-10) per ‘whorl, calyx ‘teethiconver ging sss. curs apiejotess clei a plexi caulle 1. Upper or bracteal leaves petioled, ovate-subrhombic; flowers 3-7 per whorl; calyx teeth divergent........... L. purpureum Lamium amplexicaule L. Henbit , Dead-nettle Java Farm. Infrequent around parking apron, main building area, Hectare 2580. Associate species: Juncus tenuis. Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant in cornfields and around old tobacco barn near entrance road. Hectare 4658. Associate species: Draba verna, Stellaria media, Cerastium vulgatum. Higmen 553. “links blotiss2 Ipssioo-teow nk jusupatiol ase vd, ete Aceveds’ sobsgi Tis’. 2 ne etiam to eee ‘sigh capaieunaan” :fokjeie Sn0 pads Se B2AS bees rere 193189) ts gerne firon ete ; +i.t has aes thus gob-bans ‘ ee! we bus) ae miateow je férsm sotgswideotd at dneypsyinl met sveh NR ‘JOVAS Sqe799h .«bsot sisox) “yhbuti bio lo teow sexs selugaahas yt - 208 nog ¥ A Ry, 4 gmorios ld ote i, : row 2 wl 4 hee: jetvta bauer) +7 segessbed smokey . be pageant -vao=t fk: ) bassii1oM siinesoist «tev A (hedh Hedsd ybbulf bho to ELEY L4verg fnotzede snO .mre aval babar [63% syssoeH .$6%a8g soms1jas Yo dayor J¢svivo mesade obtesd- ice ‘Braatoo. Sansh sooms goivorg :pifoitbaszs euged to yqonss ingos{bs yd : .d0€ namgih aot gst =: E ts eiawolt jarrotime: ,olteesa seveel [setasid to Yaqql net 3 = ti pe cn eensasveneens ,gaiayavnon diss xyleo ,frodw taq Dine 3 : ‘ahdworvdee-etevo ,belotsieq esveasl festosyd ye 154 pe er BWemgaug .! vevravesrs sSnsarevib disor xyleo ;{sorlw 73 v-£ atawol3 ,thdnoli . i siagtaolose mua eidtsa-hsed j eaHitaes akeim , s04q5 austin bawvors Inoupetinl wit : zhgoes ausmyl, vestseqe sI6isoeeA sane lahat a ; - a Beier « nt tasbauds yisasisbem oF snpupe a . y icp sbaor aoneraas - P urred o r mutentay WATS L. purpureum L. Purple Dead-nettle Java Farm. One station: edge of old Muddy Creek Road, on top of stream culvert south of entrance gate. Hectare 2491. Near station for Glechoma hederacea, but drier. Higman 565. Prunella Prunella vulgaris L. Selfheal, Carpenter-weed Java Farm. Infrequently along Fox Point and cld entrance roads. Partial shading on springhouse road by Celtis occidentalis, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Prunus serotina. Associate species: Melilotus alba. Higman 20, 118. Stachys Stachys palustris L.? Hedge-nettle Woundwort Java Farm. One station: salt marsh at northeast corner of Farm, above pier. Hectare 3620. Flooded at high tide. Associate species: Spartina cynosuroides, Baccharis halimifolia, Limonium carolinianun, Aster subulatus. Higman 216. Pycanthemum Pycanthemum flexuosum (Walt.) BSP. Mountain-mint , Basil Java Farm. One station: old field dominated by Aster spp., Rubus spp., Solidago altissima, Rhus radicans, Lonicera japonica, etc. Hectare 3501. Higman 364. Perilla Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. Beefsteak-plant Java Farm. One station: grassy triangle at entrance gate to old Muddy Creek Road. Hectare 2463. Associate species: Cyperus strigosus, Duchesnea indica, Fragaria virginiana, Ranunculus bulbosus, Daucus carota. Ivy Neck. One station: tractor trail to artificial pond, above source of Cheston Creek Drainage. Hectare 4721. Associate species: Mentha spicata, Ambrosia trifida, Galinsoga ciliata. Higman 1031, 1061. si eiionust " “bio bas t#kol xot gaol ¢idnsipoaaat. “wrt avet. ue £990 atitad yd beot sevodgnizqe so gakbsde fs: feebsoqe stelooeeA - .saltjoxes sunuxt brs ,sulitbds 1?) 22 ol ijirt-aghol ; ¢d abeeeneee ae ca jy owbaual ; arananee: 2 ye (gitar to aSsiteD dansised Js daéyem ifsne ‘:naotist= sn0 on BVBL 7 Re ‘ae aeons? oigbooues .9b14 dgid 3s bshoolt .OS0€ stss39H~ yretq ae i cithigs int Lows mtmomil ,ptfoiimbisd eixedoosd ,2sblomweonys sokizeqe ie ie | .OfS memgih .gussiudye = . < i re ha a % i ne TE id ; mumsrinsoyd = il 7 he exact eK, _Trila-abedtny ot __.928 (. 31a) mugouxel?, mumedinsogd oe tian’ 4.992 Yeget xd bedsnitiob bist? blo tmoliste an0 myst sve Se . ‘oni PpeeneEs, Sa82901 . Senotbet audi ,smleztits ogsbifod 2992 ae AOL paaglh .10€ exs309H = , N Z | elizzet . 0 “a Vaaieitq~Mine e900 3:78 (1) pneseatus’ piltaed | 04; 9388 QSitsxia9 Jo olgasts3s yeasts raphisse. “9090, ie a a ) reakosqe staksoaeA .£0M 9184597 «bei toaye AtaloossA “set X0. sis2008 seapate 8 178. Collinsonia canadensis L. Horse-balm, Stoneroot Java Farm. One station: mature forest south of old entrance road. Hectare 2484. Canopy of Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Higman 1206. Lycopus Lycopus virginicus L. Water-horehound , Bug leweed Java Farm. Infrequent along bank of Muddy Creek, upstream from old entrance road. Hectare 2467. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Platanus occidentalis, Quercus alba. Understory of Lindera benzoin. Also infrequent in freshwater part of Fox Creek marsh. Hectare 3516. Higman 977, 1209. Salvia Salvia lyrata L. Cancerweed, Lyre-leaved Sage Java Farm. One station: mature forest along old entrance road, near wellhouse. Hectare 2487. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Higman 819. Mentha Mentha spicata L. Spearmint Ivy Neck. One station: partly shaded border of tractor trail to artificial pond north of Cheston Peninsula, near source of Cheston Creek drainage. Hectare 4712. Associate species: Ambrosia trifida, Chondrilla juncea, Solanum carolinense, Cichorum intybus. Higman 1026. SOLANACEAE 1, Plant a shrub. Expected (Lycium). 1. Plant a forb or vine. gias12 boa to Aded cre ssnesuieae eet gophs ; anged 16 ‘yqonsd ,Sado exe399H bees, Ggaghe ais Bt sinsbko: Yo yrotersbav -adis suzzeud ,. sotawiles12 ai snsoportet bakwh SUE ‘piesosh yilerse asst) xot lo J1Aq ie 80ST , TV admgtt anes | )beawiteone) mene? baveal-o' vd ; a ere. Saintes fhio gaols Jaa702 stwiea pootiate 9kO drs? evel 7 sbarsup ,siiei thease avast to Yqonsy NBM s%e299H .sevodltaws ‘CIS emgih .979 ,sssitgitas norbraborikd ~ fltnay > a In tirrasde — a afisk ‘ +e 7 +6 +ebyod bobette yltiseq . :aok2sie S00 aoe yi — Vieni rod 9st tn BdD, 74 Sottme thon ,sluemiasl moJesi0 to dixon bnog Istortts16 92 een ste clerk :egfosqa stetooeeA Site bey i git Pearagey rt 2x2 -- i ge LW Vapdyier motorlaro ,asoonatioiso mms tob «Be ouf siftabrog WAHDAMA102 sg + tomo t) besosqx “eduarie «sali ae : er a e103 ae ; Nit = eg ; te | yee ee es, out e = Ses F424 —ay Vins xotut ‘yrds Te pee eee a He eee ee re piletos ;beend-staitiges ,sett eisqse - ¢rred sisivsol-@ o3 -£ yravo ;suld. alsq .(exbngath) bstseqxd .x7b egal Bruits = +4 “ Ve me, ‘Bostic mt. MM musnomexts smuged 4 ap Phe > Gish: paduod banlvy ten ellg teats ‘saotieia e000 = -mxet atst* eee gdte epioliis seaiseqe etatsoaks {8@S sisjo9H ,sets gaktbiiud ge Botiowserh bis .myxgls myantoe ,solbnt gotausit ..qqe 293ek) dayoe arad blo tsom Bialinyes to opbe parte tas too ww {PERN Syetos% .sluentnsT gotesdD to diyen ,baog Leltofdisys = rAdusrigosss noltiudA ,aotbat entavald :estosqe sietoorsA p BOO! ~i0e AumgiH .gqe & s90moql Botgove on ail | | mips lo® .ersad ad3 gatrevos de y1sv esdol xled Fi .(autlotiindgyels .2 ,mjaxyiso1 +B) betoaqua "ited ed3 gatrsvao ton "eae ton xed ED " getrved duvide gntdmtio xo softy batt sat oS 7 ¥ilsead audio eaves! yisloiv sifozes -(ezamaotybd .2) Sasa gwoiley setried jeaty & Jon , sno ay , ery ye 180. 3. Stem and leaf veins with yellow spines; berry orange-yellow. (Also, corolla violet OF Whikesr stem NarSuLe) tis « sia creieeiels ciclo see clersiersiciein pos Carolanense 3. Stem and leaf veins spineless; berries black or green. (Also, corolla white). 4, Stem glabrous; berries black. 5. Leaves thin, translucent; berries shiny. Expected (S. americanum). Appendix I. 5. Leaves rather thick, opaque; berries CULL. cc ccceeesccccccrecevcccccssovcecscces Se Nigrum 4, Stem very spreading-hirsute; berries BE SCMe/\e/elore oie eels. sclisicie eile ole oleae ccllcise sais oie Sabacho.des Solanum carolinense L. Horse-nettle Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields, especially in the vicinity of main buildings. Associate species: Poa pratensis, Agrimonia parviflora, Verbascum blattaria, Cirsium discolor, Asclepias syriaca, Gnaphalium obtusifolium. Higman 45, 133. S. nigrum L. Black Nightshade Java Farm. One station: rubbish pile near ruined house, main building area. Hectare 2580. Associate species: Datura stramoneum, Amaranthus spinosus, Eleusine indica. Higman 498. S. sarachoides Sendtner Java Farm. Infrequent on recently bulldozed area at main buildings. Hectare 2580. Higman 1216. Physalis 1. Plants annual, without rhizomes. 2. Plant glabrous, glabrate, or puberulent. Expected (P. ixocarpa). 2. Plant villous. (Also, leaves ovate, obliquely rounded or cordate at base; berry yellow).......... P. pubescens i we aotandd iyanadetanes9 eee ae, rai af fie t sethosaah (qugsstzems B) besooqxll ‘yotie, os 2 \ a ae ssupsqo° fohds- ‘yortst soveal pi pbc , se Byecsetarsesenntenrvnecreesvenesai ; ; cs -. : Bae i fi “ag trred -gtuetid-gotbesiqe cise fis 32 i ay gabtotnosee Mer cace teeta need eescascctesceserasesen gata ¥ a si iaaleadlaalaa . sanaat foxes ousaiad “Sagas ad3 at ciistoaqes ~abieli blo ak dasvpotial .orset svsl | es: fensieig SOT :2etssqe SisrooaeA -agakbliud sis to zoloserb mutestd ,siisjisid suoeadiaV prolitvrsg — s€€S , cd nemgth mut toi beujdo sult ledgocss > sbhadatight Josle - J muzate re _ | ae send hentus sean oitq deiddux ‘imolists ond Jetset avabley ye Yeon omer tI é raptosqe etetoogsA 082 sysjooH .s9%8 gatbitud missy r .80) geet .sotbat sotevsels ,syusontga sudjaaseae a ; ~ tantbase cobiobaeta 8 } i ken ga Boxe bosobifud ylinesss no Ineuparisl el ‘aval tae S{Sf qamgth .08@S smsdsaH cegalb thud 52 Se rie - __ = ee : atlseynit 4. 7 ; eal? — .aamos ins tuontiw , lau etaslt t Ds Jasiuzedug 70 s3a3delg .auotdetg snsift’,§ 7 (equssoxt 1) bodseqxt! yloupiide ,s3Bvo ieee ,osra) ,auottiv’ insta 8 a ; ‘Biepgsdeg ef taveses nee (wolfoy wried ;sesd Js stebrp¢ Rin? bobavos 1) me i tas ae 181. 1. Plants perennial, with deep-seated rhizomes. (Also, corolla yellow, often with dark center; berry red, yellow, or green). 3. Leaves, petioles, and pedicels puberulent; calyx glabrous when mature....sscocsccescevcceveces P. Subglabrata 3. Leaves, petioles, pedicels, and calyx villous or hirsute. 4, Leaves cordate or broadly rounded at base; pubescence very dense, often glandular. Expected (P. heterophylla). 4, Leaves cuneate or gradually tapering to base; pubescence not very dense, not glandular. 5. Leaves oblanceolate, oblong, or subspatulate; fruiting calyx not depressed at base; berry yellow or green. Expected (G28 lanceolata). 5. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate; fruiting calyx deeply depressed at base; berry red.... P. virginiana P. pubescens L. Ground-cherry Java Farm. Collected by David Hammond. Physalis subglabrata Mackenz. and Bush Ground-cherry (P. longifolia Nutt.) Java Farm. One station: new entrance road, near culvert of Fox Creek drainage. Hectare 2573. Partial canopy of Juglans nigra and Liquidambar styraciflua. Associate species: Geum canadense, Duchesnea indica, Agrimonia microcarpa, Panicum clandestinun. Higman 1034, 1181. P. virginiana Mill. . Ground-cherry Ivy Neck. One station: abandoned grassy field on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4772. Associate species: Campsis radicans, Oenothera fruticosa. Higman 1088. SCROPHULARTACEAE 1. Plant a tree; leaves 1.5 to 4 dm. wide; cordate. (Also, leaves opposite, tomentose; petioles and young stem hollow except at the nodes).......e+eeeeeeee- Paulownia apod Lbe, eylao bas 1a inating ‘pateh yaar aevesd eu SP ical i vssuatid yo sane 38 bsbrivot Mibsoxd 70, etebres ‘ivan . : s whivbas ly: Hetto ,sensb Yisv. someaseduq - 3° = aa 4 pli ylagasied 9), betoaqee a ‘Seed oF gaksieqa2 yifsubssg FO adesnus gevaod b> 7 weiubonts Jon ,setsh y19v_ Jom sonssusdig? ” | ac © Se¥elestecedve to ,snolde ,stalooaneldo egvaad: sc WeIed (-eesd Js banaaxgsh Jom “VLES, BEL ISS i(e2eiceonsl «7) 63 SSaxed nisarts To wollsy iicannltneraey nd e 2 griviwys }s7alossani-stavo 36 Sicvo saved .t.° i Se noe i gmebabsr iy oy bat Vrted jsead Js doeaetdeb viqsoh. xylan ' ; od ; te ‘ Ps a a — om pee ae i ise” eae > Oe . Ysxreds ~bip701e8 : ote breoamsH biveli yd Bose io oes) |. Yixedo~bavord dau bee «saad: ee : - ay inokeiesla Ton ,hbsot SoneyIes wsq =ser787e 32a Ate esd Avet Pieces a r L te .vqorss Isfaied .€¢28 wrasesh .egspteth Weed xo% 2) J Bigis 3 hi p ; \sanobsne> my mss 5) /abfosege, Siac ooeesr “B05 3522" ¥2 2 Zadpeblupdl bared | i W@eisssbos!s potas! .sqis2013ia atmomtygh deat 2 danas ous Of cant _ y fact Ray ¥ragis—hay07d iy enthelgat Ly cs Baniies? my hie! yaeaty beoobnada ;:cotisig, and. .alaeh yee Be semeoibat wlagms) raeiooqa #IBtsoaL/ a staj20H -olvedtaat | 880! cami ‘AAS. peed tana BARZQATAAUSI IOA 2 : —— - oe ; sa0nbtca tabiw .eb 4 63 €.1 eavent ‘yesa7 2 a per baa welotteg (aec2serc2 ,oiieoqqo seyEet 08EA) — -»-{avhouw od7 26 sqeoxm wollod moze gavoy ‘ pit wee 182. 1. Plant herbaceous or only slightly woody; leaves much narrower, not cordate. 2. Corolla nearly regular. 3. Leaves opposite (whorled in Veronicastrum), the upper sometimes alternate; stamens 2 or 4, the filaments not bearded. 4. Coroila yellow or roseate to red-purple, campanulate to funnelform. (Also, plant drile's, bilkalclo) peg. cpereletels oteke ciclorekelete.el eelepemetedehers « - « GELardia 4. Corolla bluish to dark blue-purple, rotate or salverform. 5. Corolla rotate, almost tubeless; capsule obcordate or notched at apex; flowers axillary or in terminal racemes....Veronica 5. Corolla salverform; capsule blunt or acute at apex; flowers in spikes. Expected (Buchnera, Veronicastrum). 3. Leaves all alternate; stamens 5, with 3 or more filaments bearded. (Also, flowers in spikes or racemes, yellow or white).......... Verbascum 2. Corolla 2-lipped. 6. Leaves, or at least the upper ones, alternate. 7. Leaves pinnately cleft or dissected. Expected (Castilleja, Pedicularis). 7. Leaves entire or palmately lobed. 8. Flowers in racemes or spikes; leaves linear! ‘to lanceolate, entire.s......eeee00s000 Linarda 8. Flowers axillary; leaves broadly ovate, undulate or lobed. Expected (Kickxia, Cymbalaria). 6. Leaves all opposite. sigzuq-box 63 sitseect i0 Gutta allovee. 3 gaetq cela)” .arxotleneud 03 bisivesqmso ak adie mh aa ols astab ae Bos . ; "\atqunq-suld adasb o3 datuld seers ) cry -mrotzevisa 10 siad0T hy) | ; sseeiedut Jaomls _otssox silaxed st aie 7x4qe Je bedojon ro0 danbroode Slusqes ; _ BpseeaaN.«--uamsons Cgoteres ot 20 yrelitxe axewolt so Snuld slueqsao timrotirsviea ailfox0d ie ‘i ,asiiqe nt syawolt pxsqe 38 Sjy3R ~ iprorwit >." (mdatesoinotsV |, eteniopd) basssqua ‘ ayawel? .oefA) .bsbtsed edasm@allt o10m 20 , uagedwe¥ .++++9-- aati 40 wolley ,eomsokT so esdlkqe of ~ Re. a : & datw .@ eneamata ;atanrsiis Ifs eaveod £0 = | » Yboqdht-S ‘stEoxo0 “80 l ,~29n0 sqqu dz jessi Js x0 .2ovesd ..3 panties ie #8 Jbodoseath so steio yleteoahq esveod ra (altealusthbst .atel(ttesd) besoeqxl al .bodol yistemleq to sritjcs sevael ei ~~ asusel tesiiqa yo eema2st nk exowold ,B € WBeeeats «6. 5+.+-.-.soztaas , oasis onal oF xeomtl .saev0 yibsord cated ete ten exswoli +8 eBbolabi) be2csqxt §=.bedol 10 sisivbau a ; -(sizteladay) Ss : 1 c -sdteoqqo Lis. aovest «| te Jan 183. 9, Flowers in racemes, spikes, panicles, or cymes. Expected (Chelone, Penstemon). 9. Flowers solitary in axils of leaves or bracts. 10. Pedicels with 2 bracts just beneath the calyx. (Also, stamens 2; flowers small, yellow or white)....... Gratiola 10. Pedicels naked at summit. Expected (Mimulus, Micranthemum, Lindernia, Bacopa). Paulownia Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. Princess-tree Java Farm. One station: young tree on rubbish pile near northwest corner of main builidng area. Hectare 2489. Associate species: Populus grandidentata. Ivy Neck. One station: young tree on west shore of large cut-off pond on Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 5800. Associate species: Phytolacca americana. Higman 1054. Gerardia 1. Corolla pink or purple; capsules rounded at summit, often mucronate. 2. Terrestrial habitat. Expected. (G. purpurea, G. obtusifolia). 2. Salt marsh habitat. (Also, stem .5 to 3 dm. high, .clabrous; leaves dinear)jopsrete s VoxeotpeletamtelolRe)ifelbiG tr Mard tama 1. Ccrolla-yellow, may have reddish tinge, dries black, Capsules acute vayotajeye sfevepepeio.« syoreiteleyellaifels «fefieltelo. oWe\e} Uetelle G. virginica Gerardia maritima Raf. Gerardia Ivy Neck. Infrequent in sandy, halophytic area at Sand Point on Cheston Peninsula (hectare 4861) and in salt marsh on southwest shore of Scaffold Peninsula (hectare 5761). Associate species: Acnida cannabina, Solidago sempervirens, Panicum virgatum. Higman 972. fignoned sek siacur ¢ d3iw id ee ay ¢S gmemate ,o2tA) .«xylso eft Baten (eaten 29. wolloy lisse erawolt cee ; - Betoagxt _ Skeanave a8 bavan etenthat OL : EEETAOOLS smumeniaes 3 EM sunt) aes! “eaonst a in a: siowolued } lee daricaabhtyt + DUSa? {.deulT) Beoinago3 sks i” helptIaD0. xeon ait¢ dabiéey so seti gavoy ‘taotsad2, sad Gxst ‘BysL — | teaboeqe stathoasé . 28S sisd5eH kote gabified sism Io 49s j P Bisinsbi baste esloag agisqi to siede Jeow To 935) _ANuoY imorista ‘en0s loot “Gul a tesrqara oer soaeh 0082 exazse .slventney notasild hu baoq tte=-309 7 S202 cemgth sanmeasitans ozantorads a ey ‘_ sibtars2 a | -tiimus te bebowoy esiveqss -siquuq +o Anty pktone A sod sno7DaMt 9310 - Agbiotieyido .2 . seven: Oy bas2aqul -jasidad stweestreT re ah wb £ 09 @. wedge ,caiA) .3as2dad fsram 3ise San (xeon f-esvest jauardets gtd o een potah ,agutd detbbsr svsd yam ,wolisy’ silovoo ai PETS) 20) ce ee rrr | i cael ylssid ebbisied tot goatee os alti ao intoT bane te nema Stoydqaled .ybase at jooupeaae «A954 yl. sulle apewituce #0 dersm 3fse af bos (1884 ers2590) aluanined mote . ae aselooeaa hp a sluentaed blot? 184, G. virginica (L.) BSP. (Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell) (Aureolaria flava (L.) Farw.) Downy False Foxglove Java Farm. One station: ruined house at Fox Point. Hectare 3558. Canopy of Quercus prinus and Quercus alba. Associate species: Gaylussacia baccata, Vaccinium vacillans. Ivy Neck. Infrequent along southern shore of Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 5762 to 5764. Canopy and associate species as at Java Farm. Also one station along abandoned road through central forest on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 5732. Canopy of Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa, etc. Higman 350. Veronica 1. Flowers sessile; sepals lanceolate, short-pilose, differing in length by about 1 mm.; corolla blue- violet; lower leaves round or oval, dentate, the upper ones! lanceolate toy dsimearne a.) sie) « es \e/s's'ei ele eleleegoreis) = V. arvensis 1. Flowers pediceled; sepals cordate-ovate, ciliate, equal; corolla lilac to blue; all leaves reniform to suborbicular, with 2 or 4 big lateral teeth...... te eye pV pHederactolia Veronica arvensis L. Corn Speedwell Java Farm. Infrequent, along road to springhouse. Hectare 3417. Associate species: Valerianella olitoria, Duchesnea indica, Viola spp., Melilotus alba. Higman 608. Veronica hederaefolia L. ‘Ivy-leaved Speedwell Java Farm. Infrequent along road to springhouse. Very calcareous soil. Hectare 3417. Associate species: Valerianella olitoria, Veronica arvense, Duchesnea indica. Higman 564, 629. Also along bank of Muddy Creek, upstream from culvert of old entrance road. Hectare 2467. Aspect dominant species of ground layer in early spring. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Platanus occidentalis, Quercus alba. Understory of Cornus florida, Lindera benzoin. Verbascum 1. Stems and leaves tomentose; leaves entire, decurrent down the stem; flowers in a dense, cylindrical Spillers oh srsrevsiaeitevehere «aie le eere Do Slee « Ma memoraes Giemsa oe ee ... V. thapsus bio¥tooe to azole mxuiuoe anoles Sea enawod seo per ue Ws: $5 ab estssqe S2din0ers bas Ygoned «Adve ot Tote steso8H | «ee gesx02 feitns» dguerdd bsor barobosds gnoig- qottsse sno i - padis guorsup 260 yqousd ,SETC o1s320H -siventasd phe ; | 348 (BEDIMOMOR SYReO * ~erstiqtklusy borsht po inoisy 8 & i pie : P /* E : ~ ee vapolta-a10re ,stelosonel alaqee jelisese exswolt mi: ; guid eallaios ;+em I tJuods yd d3geel at galsedain. | se a3 ,o3aI3osb ,Isvo 49 bayor sevaol 1swol. iyolokwy © ia TL is eee .:tasati oF etslossnal sano ee at : mar Bra } zy . a ,Steilin ,etevo-sishico elaqea j;balsotbeq arowolt tf 7 yo ; oF mro3 tiie savasl ifs seuid ot aslil ei Lard elnanaaal Bitotas: obo WY cecisiees-+ fta93 Invatal gid 4 10 S ditw ,tetustduoduay) ii - = . f rt 4 aan Tlawhosqs reas) .J #beravrs soloa a , Skensvxs solaorey i. : Aiee eyniesy .Sayordanitqa o3 Bho guols ,jnsupsitial wie% svst i anit ; AERA 2 sBotbat soneotoud ~Btriosito eliganizolay. pagkneage atplooasA © a ‘th "800 np Tomafh “ed Dé suo Lilo 'y “ga ¢ +1 ohaaiagy bayesi-yvi wt. aifolep bed aotagzet Vegowtso1s9 yieVY .sauolgattqa of bsox goola jasyperiel yartsd aval pjtio elisnslysiaVY sestosge sdetoneeA «SIAL 9163290. «LEON : esa , 402 aamgih Bolbel ssoesdoud SEasyae 85 l a = Jo txevive woxt whor3equ tear) ybbiM jo aoad goofs porta Bip te ssiseye “Insnimob josqea .leeS-stajosh «beer ssinsiel ff : agate ~siloithosig eugs4 to yquand spatsge cea eT) Ginad probatd ,sbtyolt eunzo) to ytotersba 6g sis syste —_<« a 2a a. msanissy ue oie ae Hisrrus8b jestand eddeel ts26dhemoI tet ova e , Isobvbablys .sensb s ot extgwolt yesde oda pei ¥ »] Bd Le ee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee 185. 1. Stems and leaves glabrous, or the upper stem glandular-pubescent; leaves doubly serrate, the lower petioled, the upper partly clasping; fllowers in a Loose TraCeMe...ccscerrerescecccncessecsee Ve Dlattaria Verbascum thapsus L. Common Mullein, Flannel-plant Java Farm. Infrequent in a variety of old field and roadside habitats, especially near main building area. Principal hectares 3409, 3500, 2590. Associate species: Asclepias syriaca, Cirsium discolor, Solanum carolinense, Poa pratense (dense turf), Verbascum blattaria, Melilotus alba, Daucus carota, Gnaphalium obtusifolium. Ivy Neck. Infrequent in side of steep bank along shore of Rhode River above Sand Point. Associate species: most of above plus Juncus tenuis, Atriplex patula, Plantago lanceolata, Arctium minus, Amorpha fruticosa, Rhus typhina, Solidago sempervirens. Higman 43. Verbascum blattaria L., Moth-Mullein VY. blattaria forma albiflora (Don) House Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields south of main building area. Associated with V. thapsus above. Ivy Neck. Infrequent in grassy abandoned field on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4762. Associate species: Trifolium pratense, Trifolium hybridum, Oenothera fruticosa. Only the white-flowered form occurs at Java Farm; both white- and yellow-flowered forms occur at Ivy Neck, sometimes on the same plant. Higman 47, 789, 811. Linaria Linaria canadensis (L.) Dumont Old-field Toadflax Ivy Neck. Moderately abundant in cultivated fields and along tractor trails. Associate species: Draba verna, Arabidopsis thaliana, Cerastium vulgatum, Stellaria media, etc. Higman 657. Gratiola Gratiola neglecta Torr. Hedge Hyssop Infrequent along both forks of drainage to Cheston Creek estuary, and beside artificial pond. Hectares 4752 and 4712 respectively. Canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Platanus occidentalis, and Diospyros virginiana at the first station; second station partly shaded by nearby canopy. Associate species: Ranunculus sceleratus, Limnobium spongia, Galinsoga ciliata, Glyceria striata. Higman 725, 873. iPei? blo Bo yakxey a at pee sie BysL - fxT S875 gerhlind olism xEsh yiletosqas adedidid ; s petqsineA xetosqe SisidoaeA 0828 OOtE. 2088 ‘Seaoh) SensIB1q BOT semen lorns | Miktedqeay . Bx0TRD Y suauad cry SEE Cae 36 swells giels uned qoote to sble at spsupst3at- oot eel pul eyeds 20 Jeom :estosge sjstooeaA .2atod base svoeds ~ ovin abort — EJo34 gasiossast ogpinelS .siuasa xsigittA .eluga3 Ssuonnt eaotly Taqmee age bi loe sataqys 2 audi [ BeooEsua bagi! Aa > tte tuni-iitoM vel akysttela muses lean _— ssuel (rod) syoltidta anG? sizsijeid'. ‘eons Haahibehst ntam to dtuos abisit blo sk dnsupertal «0x57 BYEL |. .svods susdet? Vv Aa bw beiskooweA’ Sites > biioitsee no bist? bonobasds veastg ai sigupetiel Ase YE a ‘ae 925795519 mifotixT :eskseqe stistsosaA .§dts sisiosl eloeolasd | -s200i3u7t sredjonad mubizdyd ay blots tmxey eval 38 amw370 mrot bexawolj-siinw sia “yind 98K yor 38 tu900 enrrot botawold-wolfsy bie’ 118 ,@6% , 84 vemgth> ar =Siiiiw dod Supe siid ro pymidamoe f . pitest.t ; Smeitbeot bis? t-510 jromG (.7) ekanmsbeies aispgl , ja gnbibubas eblet? betaytaivo sk tasbauuds yistsysh0M toa yl fo elista eBopbleds Sianchidash , anisv adoxd i asiogga sjalobeaa tat > i . ~vee aemegih .233 ,ptbom sireiiosye . motagloy sutses "a slotis70 _ ws70% papetgen’ SO amwesh 64 Sheth to etr0t 30d gnole susupextat | 2 SETA bee SEVA pene a Tatoseee, Seis i) tamhasqe ia aie -yqenes ¥ 186. BIGNONIACEAE Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. Trumpet-vine Java Farm. Aggressive invader of old fields; seems to thrive where Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica are not too abundant. Much less frequent than Rhus radicans in forest. Ivy Neck. Abundant to moderately abundant in old fields on small peninsula between forks of Scaffold Creek estuary. Abundant in ground layer of forest at source of Scaffold Creek drainage (east fork). Invading abandoned grassy field on Scaffold Peninsula. Higman 1. OROBANCHACEAE Epifagus virginiana (L.) Bart. Beech-drops Java Farm. Moderately abundant under mature Fagus grandifolia canopy, especially west of old Muddy Creek Road. Hectare 2480. Higman 249, PHRYMACEAE Phryma leptostachya L. Lopseed Java Farm. Infrequent along old entrance road near gate to old Muddy Creek Road, hectare 2463. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus coccinea, Liquidambar styraciflua, Carya tomentosa, etc. Associate species: Desmodium paniculatum, Desmodium glutinosum, Elephantopus carolinianus, Agrimonia microcarpa, Viola papilionacea, Smilacina racemosa, etc. Higman 931. PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago 1. Spike cylindric. 2. Leaves obovate or spatulate. 3. Leaves scabrous; scape glabrous. (Also, bracts of spike shorter than to equaling Cally) Iolite allevore oio/a\s leis c/s aire alele)'» o\nicleloiel sinlctevsioleyelelisietelels Eonar OMG 3) Leaves vadiliouss “scape; vallillouse. ceeranrhoie creme ee virginica a. “yebistt ‘blo Ro sobaval svisee ood ton e¥s goinocst ‘Suit -359707" nk apeotbay supa nt Domai ylarsusbom ot Sunt s429, Jagtd. biatiaa® io alrot, sasusad s Hae) blotisae to asses. tg jdesto% to, ae teg02 no bfett ssa basobnads aries SAIIAHOUAGONO aqgoub-doao7 iss : ‘gerne AC, 0) panimtsity ay cs et. eyuten sehnu jasbauds yisisxshoM © oe: avet ca : boerer| ,bsof aAeard ybbuli bio To Jeow yilskosqes ere 28S aeumg kil I HAS QAMYSH4 i beseqot ad eyes sonmri09 blo gaols 3insupsyiot oust syal biieTe Buss 10 ygonad £035 etssoon ,bsot Ass7? gbbuls ~B2BE909 uozey) .steatatios noxbuebot ai) sith Ae tgeineqa StstsoaeA § .999 s203n9]04 ayte? Bes? eek oe eautetablors> augadesigo!s muscatintg mutbowesd suaaluziaag . 286 rea eriosikma .sgoagoltiaqsa pioiY ,pgissotska ” -LEQ a od sine apa beor | ee rf 0 Fi i pee : i SAROAMIOATHAIS ie i ee Oy . .sisfugaqes 10 stavedo sevead, S ,oefA) .apordels aqsce covntane east 8 | wy gnileups of aBd3, radrode, otros, or oe Hiv Coe a SRM * oP AAS 2 0m 9 aoe reas a ee -s wokhe aque im j eres! mar cin, 8 = RAY pice. ere ei A 187. 2. Leaves linear, with margined semiclasping petioles. (Also, bracts of spike linear, much longer than the flowers; bracts, sepals, and scape villous).... P. aristata 1. Spike ovoid-conic, tapering to apex. (Also, leaves lanceolate to lance-oblong; bracts of spike broadly ovate, scarious, with villous green midribs).......... P. lanceolata Plantago major L. Common Plantain Java Farm. Infrequent around main buildings and along Fox Point Road. Higman 19. P. virginica L. Hoary Plantain Ivy Neck. Infrequent in abandoned field on Scaffold Peninsula, and along adjacent tractor trails. Associate species: Hypericum perforatum, Trifolium arvense, Hordeum pusillum, Rumex acetosella, Juncus tenuis, Lepidium virginicum, Trifolium pratense. Higman 692. P. aristata Michx. Bracted Plantain Java Farm. One station: broken pavement along Fox Point Road near sharp left turn onto peninsula. Hectare 3543. Associate species: Eragrostis spectabilis, Festuca myuros. Ivy Neck. Infrequent along tractor trail beside abandoned field on Scaffold Peninsula. Associated with Plantago virginica above. Higman 806. P. lanceolata L. Ribgrass, English Plantain Java Farm. Infrequent around main building area. Hectare 2590. Associate species: Juncus tenuis, Cyperus strigosus, Achillea millefolium, Erigeron canadensis, Triodia flava, Euphorbia maculata. Higman 12, 1092. RUBIACEAE 1. Plant a woody shrub; flowers in large spherical MOA Sore ekale) occlienejielal(afoleieielal’suei e\ e+) s!ellsis) oieevego1elelevelshelels) eyanererevercruremmCeplalanthus 1. Plant herbaceous; flowers not in heads. DL CAVeS MWwhOTledevetete: siecle ererelersioieicievelolel siislevereleveiersteycheneionerejem Gal enum 2. Leaves opposite. oinse: oun eteeakl aatge 4 aeinged nase: é i ee eats .sEKS. 08 gokveqey pees sso. ae yy tbaetd sohbes 26 eseand & ‘gnolde-sdent: 0d Sialossnas ‘wtivbhin ced aUaLLEY ditty suo bis3e of vm 2 Upadseae eek pris brs Agnibiied mien -bmyots sreupaxial aie Ot namgil Lede tet e bits yatuantawt biol « 52 no histi badobnnds nk sngnpstiel. “nen wet See nag a. realoage le 2A | -ebtes) oss? inagetbs anole i 3 ae Bojaan xams .muliveug guabzob apnsyie ay Bs namgili .secazazq autlotExt usuotabas ty. | mu bbget” 3 ~ A Hisiselt basss7d ohsEM 189 jokws 7 y . Bead dial, xe7-grois sosenved aatord ;aokjada eaO ated eet aivenkisq otfo oT vot qrerla, TROR | Psrk 376 798K Eeauraeda Gipsc0esh «CP Ck S58: ; ¢ eos pou3es »aificesoegs: alscosgea : # yoke inoupetial Avot xvi” ary Biets benobnade sblasd [isad 39°9h%- evades Bats at Yon goal" iitiw be tgbooasA .elventest Klotiese ae} 308 mamgsh Pk yeaorgds i al gtatdald detiyos ss ; = ah aie | ae hints Insugot 'xb o Rae ave :setoege saarsoRes, 088 SARDAIAUE srsvols shnude yoomw 2 saakd ey it i « .* ie . ~ eweveagetavrverre* ene Rpts 5 tee rs he : shaed ot jon woness aera seats oD i ‘ an geahae #6 Owe * Po ewabe teeter ee ee eee ? 7 i siverig: spted of r a . Poni pti 188. 3. Stem prostrate-trailing; leaves evergreen; flowers paired, their ovaries united; fruit a berry. (Also, flowers white; leaves round—ovates, DELETES) GEM) ssicr ols veciels oie ccsieele eee) Mitchel la 3. Stem erect (somewhat procumbent and spreading in Diodia); leaves deciduous; flowers cymose, solitary, or clustered, if paired, the ovaries not united; fruit a capsule. 4, Corolla rotate. (Also, flowers sessile in axillary clusters). Expected (Hedyotis). 4. Corolla funnelform or salverform. 5. Flowers axillary, 1 to 3 per axil, sessile; leaves without stipules.......... Diodia 5. Flowers in terminal cymes, or (not in species collected) solitary and peduncled; leaves connected by rounded Sil pitlieSirerets cvenelsssvelarerelelsy sh leteitieielcieleie siete OUStOnata Cephalanthus Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Buttonbush Java Farm. One station at west end of Phalaris arundinacea meadow, north of main building area. Hectare 2468. Associate species: Juncus effusus, Erechtites hieracifolia, Polygonum sagittatum, Polygonum pensylvanicun. Ivy Neck. One station on sand bar of cut-off pond on Rhode River shore of Cheston Peninsula. Hectare 4880. Associate species: Sium suave, Rumex verticillatus, Asparagus officinalis, Sambucus canadensis. Higman 175, 947. Galium 1. Ovary and fruit smooth, muricate, or granular. Expected (G. verum, G. mollugo, G. obtusum, G. concinnum). 1. Ovary and fruit bristly. 2. Leaves 6 to 8 per whorl; stems weak, reclining. j poets sotaied 8 Phedmeosg Bee itp qosta 5 siaae panoubtoah' aovest if e abbeavo a jybestag i hevedenls xo. ete: i ci a ‘veluagao’ 8 5 toa ihe fit _ net sikenow jarmre Li outa aanidox obtextaca Meres 2 (Mabeorba): hesgequl -(otajeuks exeltina’ ae ‘eeerievies *o° nro¥ toni Pitch ees ee : ytixe seaqeb oa f ,visiltye avawort 46 0h) grhors Feo «uns sadoatte tyodtiw asvesl ;oltease ae le ben} , ates BEMGIEMOE p44 betes ss Jen pedcuvevetipnss ceepasnylie : ee, ae " 4 bs i ea i ae i anise ferlgod ese me i 7 7 ‘ ( oa ‘ "ar ms fapdey sau J eilajasbtoob aung mee | tg goltiedte ea). et eve: ey <9 x Lat Eee Beh t NG? aA = Fs gutbitud miss to;dsa00 ,wobasm & rH pe ND tet ya! auzutis ausouh ¢ arene | c gut: motnav iene Fy ragoaried # antjese sad noel wi ‘ sfientas? dojeadd 26 Scone ~eusetiiars3sy, xem , ov. «V8O- OAL canal ars. abhor. ma Beng Fi whe fhaisege sjslow ial oan augudme? «2 i on 2 ee = We mu kts) . ; ‘“siudety to ,Stewivun .dsoome Jiwt? bas yrevO oe ay (gpaahoces .2 .auevsdo Sh .pgyifon .2 .mysy 2) bo soequal syioatud atest bas riayo Bot gotniiaat? glassy eepce ; fret tq 6 a) pavand oS Ii) 3. Stem harsh on the angles; leaves 8 per whorl, linear to narrowly oblanceolate.......... G. aparine 3. Stem smooth; leaves 6 per whorl, narrowly elliptic. Expected (G. triflorum). 2. Leaves 4 per whorl; stems ascending, not reclining. 4, Flowers on distinct pedicels terminating the branches of the panicle. Expected (G. pilosum). 4, Flowers sessile along the loosely divergent branches of the inflorescence. (Also, leaves Ovals Ome TEND EAC) eine ereje;«ieieisieltoyelieisi aie aieyeeleie) easier crete Ge melnCaezans Galium aparine L. Cleavers, Bedstraw Java Farm. Infrequent in bottom of Muddy Creek valley, above tidal portion. Canopy primarily Fraxinus americana, Also one station at shoulder of old Muddy Creek Road, near entrance gate. Associate species: Duchesnea indica, Poa sylvestris, Geranium carolinianum. Higman 95, 639. G. circaezans Michx. Wild Licorice Java Farm. Infrequent along old entrance road, west of Muddy Creek. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Carya tomentosa, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. Associate species: Houstonia purpurea, Arrhenatherum elatius. Higman 777. Mitchella Mitchella repens L. Partridge—-berry Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant beneath canopy of mature Fagus grandifolia, especially along old entrance road near wellhouse. Hectares 2477, 2478, and 2487. Ivy Neck. One station: west shore of Cheston Creek estuary. Hectare 5704. Canopy of mature Quercus prinus. Higman 93, 774. Diodia Diodia teres Walt. Buttonweed Ivy Neck. One station: tractor trail to grassy abandoned field on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4740. Higman 1019. er oe pdt gatteniws3 eisotheq Jontzelh 0 eater a Pout ~fameo tts 2) badosqud ,olotasgq otis. to. asdoasid dnegrovib efesoot aij gnols elteesa exswolt ¥@ gavesl ,oefA) . manpepenlaes ada to esdonszd . ..(absqifis to Leve =o «2 ee as ah en ? -pantwee td ‘ uy a oabaeas aad a2 a pttebad ht a ap tisv $4ox0 vbbuld to mojjod at ineupsital mat ‘evsl “rio als a eugizet yitremtsq yqoned ..fokixog Isbks svads iy) j ie same oeiins yeso ,bsodt geaxd ybbuM bia to ysbiuote 3s morbjsae i gmalnes99 absjesviva 509 so% ,sorbnt esrasdoud :estosqe sdsioosea “Ign renetor gts “Ea .e° cemgtl -munstat lore h estneste bLiv | 3 _ .xefotM Lassoso1to 2 ay D gt gesv .b60x sonsi303 blo goofs sssupstial -wiel syst oer ieee apozaeme) syis) -stloitbaszy sugsi 20 yaors2 ,ts979 _ ig5isoqe sisitooaeA 8.318 Brsiigiivs soabmabotaht TUT gemgit ,eubists rans sifarioriM m “s puaeaiaioall wl emego% aa a” iB a», ‘20. igor fanessd tesbauds letasebor o3 JnsupaTini saat eval. o Law spon baor Soasiics blo anole x f{stseqee .stloitbns eugene o1wIsit - —_—_ : .(8adS bas ,6 cae ate eV VAS - Tit coxedzale Wapittes eet coved io ayorne Jesu scuba 500. .wost yl ta j a (ea. ,00 momgt .guatsg suameuD satan to yqons) .,A0%¢ sza399h 7 pibord Kai 29703. 6 ae "er aa fess zo2sK72 snok2ea¢ 980. doit .Od1* otat00H meyers 190. Houstonia Houstonia purpurea L. Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent in mature hardwood forest, either under canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, etc. or along estuary shorelines under Quercus alba and Quercus prinus. Found along north boundary of Java Farm west of Muddy Creek, on north shore of Fox Point peninsula, along old entrance road west of Muddy Creek, and along west shore of Cheston Creek estuary. Higman 776, 840, 887, 974. CAPRIFOLIACEAE 1. Corolla funnelform to campanulate, irregular; style long; stigma capitate. 2. Plant a shrub or woody vine. 3. Corolla funnelform to tubular; ovary 2- or 3-locular; fruit a berry. (Also, plant a woody vine in species collected; flowers fragrantuand) SHOWY)s es a «ass vis evsisine ses sere) ONMCetal 3. Corolla short-campanulate to salverform; ovary 4-locular; fruit a berrylike drupe, with only 2 nutlets maturing. ...cccceseccecccsccseceees sss oymphoricarpos 2. Plant herbaceous. (Also, leaves over 1 dm. long; flowers axillary, sessile; corolla tubular, yellowish to dull red; fruit a dry worange—velldliow) DeiGI ¥2)iejsps) + «ef ene) ojos syst ene) eleyelevelis) gers) eto O Sibeum 1. Corolla rotate to open-campanulate, regular, deeply 5-lobed; style absent; stigmas 1 to 5. 4, Plant a woody shrub or small tree; leaves simple; Fruit a drupe with P9Stone.vc.cceeesc verse cerres ess VIDUENUM 4, Plant a semi-herbaceous shrub, the stems with large white pith; leaves pinnately compound; fruit a berry, with 3 or more seed-like MNES SG ODO DU DOUCDUMOUN OODDOD AOD ODO OOOH OOOO OOo SEhlmeUs Lonicera Lonicera japonica Thunb. Japanese Honeysuckle Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Usually abundant throughout old fields, along roadsides, and as a dense ground cover in both pine and hardwood forest. Associate species: Rhus radicans, Campsis radicans, Vitis vulpina. Conspicuously infrequent (as are its associates) along estuary shores under canopy of Quercus prinus. Higman 121. i poser Siopupostet, ee attoetbaeyd 8 gp : Mahan gonileseile yseuiaa aettn To , Eel 4a visbouod Avion grote. Sas eg Hota waiyentaag ante! x01 te az0da da19n0 x9. Mito atode tgow gnole bas: .39870-7obuR re .88 088 ,av\ samy SieOACIOTIATAD 2 jufuosomes of mrotfentiwt ai bored a repingattl. .S atpsiqss. sagits (anol gives eniv vboow 10 dieds rs daald mee ‘= af iets a . ce we yasvo 7 16fidsn of attennit -siioxod | € a i - ay Senta ,oelA) «YvTran B Stust. sxeingel-— 36 es ag ‘) yh pyawel? +baroetidg eérosge at snty y5o0w 5... am fc (ewods bos Yaeygaz? sca a. : azgotse.| rte sakes were eee eeewetaeeee d Bee = ie 4 eobysaq a a = — -gilergsbisao: Dy . ~ “i WeesoeH .fats syods siz xs9ed ebleit blo mi: ingupetiar ,oelA Meotbat eulih +teotoeqe joseimod. .@6E€ B02E, .COCE = pesokans ot Ee «Siaattenn & Wobewssino2 .aqe gudyhk ,smigetiin oaabito2 + 824.80' ai S00 OFS camgih ..gedut g (nu baaeg~ sa sol Sue juiioiiieugns .Z P IsOW1OveT meager! nwob baot betcbaads sbtesd ‘:oohieie sn0 Age8 wi { sxuvjam io yqonKs aida yxs¥ .@ile stasoe at ji pio ons auditssxy38 zrsdembiuptt to yiosazobau seasb vlesazebom oleae gisoino! bas seatbay ule auif Io sevo2 ere sane 731 ‘eis * 2 ia ia 3 be vi ne 7s hg ia a eet ee ee N92". Viburnum 1. Leaves palmately 3-lobed, much dotted beneath; petioles stipulate at the base..........seccceecseeees Ve. acerifolium 1. Leaves unlobed, orbicular to ovate, not dotted beneath; petioles not stipulate. 2. Leaves coarsely dentate, orbicular to oblong- ovate, usually, pPUbESCENE ciaieisicieie » weieie lel eleielejeisieiers eis Vie Aentatum 2. Leaves serrulate, ovate, glabrous........¢s0.0.+++. V. prunifolium Viburnum acerifolium L. Maple-leaved Viburnum, Arrow-wood Java Farm. Infrequent; one station on south-facing slope overlooking tidal portion of Muddy Creek, under canopy of Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Carya tomentosa. Also one station on Hog Island, under canopy of Quercus alba and Quercus prinus. Hectares 3429 and 4502. Higman 100, 457. V. dentatum L. Southern Arrow-wood Java Farm. Locally abundant, in broad valley tributary to tidal portion of Muddy Creek. Hectare 3530. Canopy of Quercus alba, Fagus grandifolia, and Liriodendron tulipifera. Associate species: Viburnum prunifolium, Lindera benzoin. Also, infrequent in old fields near Fox Point Road. Hectare 3523. Dominant species: Rubus spp., Lonicera japonica, Rhus radicans. Associate species: Diospyros virginiana, Liquidambar styraciflua, Celtis occidentalis. Higman 371, 455, 514. V. prunifolium L. Black-haw (L), Sweet-haw Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant along roadsides, in old fields, and under a variety of hardwood canopies, including Juglans nigra and Quercus prinus. More frequent and widespread than either V. acerifolium or V. dentatum. Higman 220, 429, 464, 507, 638. Sambucus Sambucus canadensis L. Elderberry Java Farm. Infrequent; stations at main building area, west end of marsh meadow north of main buildings, and in freshwater marsh of Fox Creek drainage. Hectares 2580, 2468, adn 3516, respectively. Station at main buildings may be persistent from cultivation. Associate species at both other stations: Juncus effusus, Polygonum pensylvanicum. Associate only at marsh meadow: Phalaris arundinacea (dominant). Associates only at Fox Creek: Salix nigra, Aster praealtus, Rosa palustris. GSTS "panel ton Eder at a weed ee. aia ae jon ealoiieq iiss come a3 inokdied: .etetneb yiosrse9 Persia ces ecew ec seyrereseoe so Mmaneeday ies Sanaa 2 ¥ Ppagiieeseserenaeseuordalg 9isvo ose luaage aavest s a iat Tet $7458 manga pee t-gigsh bouw-wo7r2A fotiste amo ‘3noupstiol - vars vet 3 os auaisup ~aeis guszest) lo ygonK5 sebou ,Ase19 ybbuM to aoisiog rebiant ; = ag aya 80 bas ,etetiqtty corbosborsit ,siltottbasig eugB eae aed ey) wsusu to yqonss s3bsu ,baeiel go no qotinia ano oatk Cty: Oi deweth ~-.S0ed ins @SAE sotatosH .everig auazaud. bas. «i my my IS 389 3b x ifoolxeve aqole astosi-divos 20 t ¢ bage-woTsh ireariguod aah : oy yantudts3 yallay beord ot ,iasbauds yifsool Lara avene Sele. gaysut) 360 yqonsd .O0€Ce ste $598 sat) ybbuM to moliteq Sebra teakssge Sistsozes -sigtigtivs noybrsbokrkt oon filo Rapia suggest” jj =" “alozasd srebott ,muiloitauxg mis saad - ee Sg beod sated xot te90 ebisti bla st insupsttat ,oeiA ‘iad anno B ,saksogst aisoigo] . «62 andyA tastaeaqge snemtmod ese y nee hiv 3s , tadmebtuptt siainiguky gotyqsotd tesiosqe ‘stetooeeA Ss eliaiasbisso 2133 on ae Tere ,cen Lt “Tamale euLiolbeuee oW guols Insbands ylasaysham oJ sneuns*inl toot wvT Saa mst eb - eaeigons> boowbisd to yiettav 8 sshav bas -ableft bio at: eabkebays | - bag tesupest 70M -gunitg auo7190) bite. -etgin eostaul gatbufont ~ “OSS wemath .muretpab ¥ 70 “Fo mittotizess VY tenate nets basagesbiw .8Fa ,{0e 408 O88 «Ga wed-daoalsé wad-t9swe eunudmse aa §itud gain Is enofiste ;ieaupetial ~ ob) bos Bea otsm to deg peas eae ed yea Ie VALERIANACEAE 1. Leaves pinnate or deeply parted; plants perennial. Expected (Valeriana). 1. Leaves entire or dentate near the base; plants ATUL Ail sewelle (ore avetiey sie! seleliclistehsvcloueiey leita cle eiexeielecielscenercfereeiereeietec Valemianevalia! Valerianella 1. Bracts (subtending the cymes) ciliate, or at least the outer ones. 2. Petals blue; fruit glabrous, its fertile locule turgid “and “ridged on the "backic ecole cece cece cee Ne Olntorra 2. Petals white; fruit minutely hirsute, its fertile Hoculle tak! con ENC PACK aire eleie\excre eis) sieleloherens) sieleieversisneromivsce aGelaitea) 1. Bracts not ciliate. Expected (V. patellaria). Valerianella olitoria (L.) Poll. Corn-salad, Lamb's-lettuce Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant along road to springhouse and in yard of old house there. Hectare 3417. Associate species: Veronica arvensis, Duchesnea indica, Trifolium repens. Higman 607. V. radiata (L.) Dufr. Corn-salad Lamb's-lettuce Java Farm. Same location as V. olitoria above; same associate species. Higman 1126. CAMPANULACEAE 1. Corolla regular; anthers not united into a tube; stigmas 2 or more. (Also, capsule opening by pores on the sides). 2. Corolla rotate; capsule slender-cylindric.......... Specularia 2. Corolla campanulate; capsule obconic or turbinate to subglobose. Expected (Campanula). 1. Corolla irregular; anthers united into a tube; Steioma gly VOreeniit range edicvstsieleielslsie sieicieisiersrereielnetchelerm erence hob edsta F aN an rare | rant x @inelq yessd ox. 1898, Cle 10. aaah Be ccgcsussvneeesaqestnnry tices +e cose tram ee EE ? PS ls sk eee. WEIN ite! “gifeastsolav “te ‘tees! te. 30 easiLio {gamy3 sia einen ere 8980 Tetuo add : : gducei oikixst #34 ,svordelg divxt -ouid aisist ea dosd sd3 ao beghts a bigtut > Pus eer mets Prenas “hee 2 ‘okt deat att ,siyatid qissunto Siwy? fence ateded 3 iain 4 .¥ A vscls SR a eae snd io $BI% sinsol ah a _ ete ih -_ -(etisilssag eV) bejosqza woinkits don ide Yee. fa tly , : aes wi EL Y iin gbatne~0709 | ife% (.1) skxotklo sfis : CS carat deed un ed Vaasa Maa eat ibe ei 93 Bett ‘gaola sapbaude ylaisisbom 03 jnsupoaienl mat evel ar he, Pen EM susioes .sx9d3 sevad bio te bray wt bos sevodgak ankae = ;978lt Dee eke ti» —— pear et eal &4 CAT gedea & E , 194, Specularia Specularia perfoliata (L.) A. DC. Venus' Looking-glass Java Farm. Infrequent along right-of-way to new entrance gate, around main buildings, and at east (drier) margin of Phalaris arundinacea meadow. Variety of associate species. Higman 723, 782. Lobelia 1. Flowers 18-45 mm. long, including the hypanthium; corolla tube with longitudinal openings near the base. 2. Flowers bright red.v.ss.ceesssesvvvccees weceeccewees lu. Cardinals 2. Flowers blue or purple. Expected (L. puberula). 1. Flowers 7-18 mm. long, including the hypanthium; corolla tube without openings. 3. Leaves linear to narrowly lanceolate. Expected (L. nuttalli). 3. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate. 4, Stem long-hirsute; bracts of raceme leafy below, gradually reduced upward. (Also, fillowersy bl udsSh=whi Ge) yeh. leteeteliede wee selvelellted... Le inflata 4, Stem densely short-pubescent near base; bracts of raceme all reduced from cauline leaves. Expected (L. spicata). Lobelia cardinalis L. Cardinal-flower Java Farm. One station: On Muddy Creek at transition between forested stream valley and upstream limit of salt marsh. Hectare 3413. Associate species: Quercus falcata, Panicum virgatum, Typha latifolia, Rosa palustris, Mikania scandens, Pluchea camphorata. Higman 83. L. inflata L. Indian-tobacco Ivy Neck. One station: along abandoned road through central Scaffold Peninsula. Approx. hectare 5722. Canopy of Quercus alba, Quercus velutina, Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa. Associate species: Vernonia glauca, Amphicarpa bracteata. Higman 966. ase» won od eae soaks gnols Jnaups a ‘ asistt to algrem ‘(a9ish) teas 38 bos vegatbiiud gt . gama ii ,asinege pistaoges 26 okey _ Wwobsenr _ Biiedel * pouidtasqee eit qekbuiant gaol ci ca-8l: bot sdgiid erewolt o£ ; Sei ab a we 0-29 629.0, 3 Fe ra ee Ve Kec remod eg. ol) botoaqee eiquiq t0 auld a SoM i i: . nee eukdiosqys edi gotbulont gaol wom 6L= axswold zr .egtknsgo avodjiw sdus @lilorea- ’ 9) ‘= a ar i, hesosqual .etalosonsl yiwoxras 07 snentl asvesd , al 7 4 -(Ettetqut «WD i +B38V0 30 stefosonai-gaoide asveol a ; qiasi amacey to ed2esd -stuetid~anok maa2 2. cane oalay dai bosubss vilscberg woled | aay’) A BAGEIBE hw -nseeiascenerser cers .(osidu-detuld mreree? i | ae ptosid. ,sasd 1595 jasseeduq~sx0te tleensh mate ~ aka, vesveel sntiuss mox? bsssbet fle smegn7 to .(eisatge J) botoeqx Zewolt-Leathxs2 ni shisntbses sitedod a et G@ssutad aolitenssi 36 wes70 vbboM 20 .:cotisie 5x0 ~wist evel s iy weed6oH dessa tise tc simi mseziequ bas yollsy mesite pevesseiee sELRE sidqyT musi saztv muoigey . 5369 isi gu91550 Riaatiat fe. gipisoszah mmdesedamss Sofjul sofoult ,apebance skipitM , eizJeuted set atloita weaages;cstbal Lnran09 deversda bsex bonobns ie eyotsu) Io yqomsd Bs sp gnols <:solisie “Shae yer sin3208 «xonggh x 2ciasd ~ ph * | ho chee ¢% A ip, 7 195. COMPOSITAE Key to Tribes 1. Disc-flowers absent (immature ray-flowers at center of head may appear discoid); sap milky.......+.+e+.e+2- Cichorieae (p. 196) 1. Disc-flowers present, ray-flowers present or absent; sap clear. 2. Disc-corollas deeply cleft, resembling rays (true ray-flowers absent). (Also, anthers caudate at base; plants often prickly)............. Cynareae (p. 201) 2. Disc-corollas with small terminal lobes or truncate. 3. Receptacle with chaffy bracts. (Also, pappus of awns or chaff, or absent). 4. Outer and sometimes inner phyllaries herbac- eous; style-branches usually with pointed, hirsute appendages; leaves usually opposite.. Heliantheae (p. 202) 4, All phyllaries scarious-margined; style- branches truncate, pubescent only at the tip, not appendaged; leaves alternate...........-.-, Anthemideae (p. 207) 3. Receptacle naked (occasionally with slender fimbrillae in Astereae (Solidago) and in Helenieae). (Also, pappus usually of capillary bristles). 5. Style-branches long and appendaged. 6. Pappus of awns, scales, or absent. (Also, style-branches usually with pointed, hirsute appendages).....csesscessceseceee- Helenieae (p. 209, Expected) 6. Pappus of capillary bristles. 7. Ray-flowers absent; disc-flowers white or lavender; style-branches cylindrical or clavate, glabrous or nearly so. ‘eiess hoseiivte: a ‘bist pseeniectenen ta bal sb he ian ai ‘ y3needs 0 jaseoxg “atowolt=yer jingesrq erowoll~seid steels arch eVvBa gastainnst diets ylqssb. eslforos-vatd - - ateding joalA) ~-(Jaeads— arewolt-ysr Snt2) «ad gi a ecg Ratio: ginelg 7Ssead.ts a aaNIES «oteonus3 ‘tc a lsnimis3 SLewe daiw selforo2~o6hd s ee auqgqsd oath) -atos7d yitedo tke alnsaqssel ce ae hs .(4neads 40 tarde 10 enews to © i “Sodied astzelivdg reat semitsmoe bra x50 vai y nh ee: ~batatoq Asiw ylleveu astinnard-siyte gayos * : SOs .q) agaitngtiot . sikeogqe vilnvers esvacl jesgabasqqe savers Zs : walyie sbentgisa-evolzace estisiiydg TtA 2 .qta add da ylno Ynsoesdug ,9Isomyts esroanid 08 3) Saebimed nA Talib be ns owe tI A eonent thepsboeqge Jon tebnole datw qileaghesono) Gsaenm sloetqaced .£ te ae at bne (ogabi log) sse72ieA nt wel tksdmtt ey yieiltqes to yiiaves auqgeq ,oalA) .(ssstpetol = (asisetrrd | sbegabnaqqs has gaol asdonszd-siyIe at ~oatA) .taseads to ,e9isoe ,anwe 20 awaqsd “0 ebeteltoq djiw yilsvev acdoanid-aiyse ine Abe caves. (Begebneqge stuexid Ale .seltaktd. yreiliqss 25 epqget .e"-. Ad ty ae axewolt—-oetb ;taseds arawoli-yai .% geionaid-elyse :tsbmeval ro siinw to epotdadg , etavet> zo Isatrbatlys Pewee ‘ 92 Siaates At k _ ba nrg ALL “7 shirt ity io aan f b ae ht ‘5 eo ‘ ae Wrik ie a 196 ° 8. Style-branches hispidulous, with pointed tips; anthers sagittate; heads in cymes or glomerules; leaves without resin dots, alternate... Vernonieae (p. 209) 8. Style-branches glabrous, with round or obtuse tips; anthers round-based; heads in corymbs (racemes in Liatris); leaves with resin dots, opposite or whorled (alternate: in: Liatris) esis). viceiee000. Eupatorieae (p. 210) 7. Ray-flowers present; disc flowers yellow; style-branches narrowly lanceolate, hirsute on the outside........ Astereae (p. 213) 5. Style-branches short, not appendaged. 9. Phyllaries entirely herbaceous. (Also, phyllaries in only one series; style- branches truncate, pubescent only at tip; pappus bristles capillary, very soft, copious; leaves alternate (except in Arnica)in.. MILA. stirsltciercdke Harorelnetells oe civics LY EEhOpappus 8. Achenes beakless (but may taper to apex). 9. Phyllaries in a single series. Expected (Crepis). 9. Phyllaries in 2 or more series. 10. Flowers white or pink; inflorescence a branching raceme or panicle of drooping heads; involucre cylindric. Expected (Prenanthes). pala dia Rope ee ee lesan bred 1 aoe qiakw eth “gues PaeREY? bas. iataks), djcone yilsueu genanie eo : sxngee fase at yevo Ils ae x0 ,e9vasl jdetssel? 10 t6.L2 “pakedod, 10 »brtisannia 03. 2teLo.. yiqrada «mata, To, oe tayid to SauoKR oF agnixzegss eensdok + a go O08 exewoll :eaollasd. , tiamvea. Ai _ Budsiaor sepesehenreenes¥Alge sovsel, ,bsed.19q 920m i Dry : Simms bengbaord ,.dwede.s 03 gaixsqel sonailoé * Na i. . my GE o3 3 erewal? piped mrotill? 8 oF Fox a ene) he ee ic ae . . ai tqaoxo yalgqe jon eevasl jbsed 19q Boyton! ots vena pennecatondecut@L09gs, beteaqes sho be —_ ot saline pavesl ;oe yiiseq zo rzsnmdioo esasdoA .0 Ng ai .bitlseuntq jon ,aisxise 10 stadceb ylesomez be Assi sebnele ,grol diiv aonedsA +8 ' . P eae seivo ad3 ,siduob sxoulovat: ,oalA) Bat -Jaus asdio augqesa ;31ede satisliydg : 4 ie ansmissqe at stidw-yrovi tud betelos a NRE SF os 4c eit #7 Hsine en nana « «SANT 7 { cia . 62 ySeqe? yen Jud) eesitsead esnoisA rege . (xeqe vasiise sigats s ni esiusiiydy 2 a »{atgs19) bedoaqut vn Ge -8alx9e oxom to S mk aoisel ind? & songsestolini ,sintg 30 adkdw atewolt .0L aioiceg 10 sfeoss gutdoneyd 5s mie Hen)! szovloyvnk :abped gaiqoosh Jo wilape 8h Gaderer) bosom vatibakigs = 198. 10. Flowers yellow; inflorescence a corymb or panicle of erect or ascending heads; involucre campanulate or broader........seececceceeeee Hieracium Cichorium Cichorium intybus L., including forma alba Neum. Chicory Java Farm. One station at junction of old entrance road and road to springhouse. Hectare 3408. Ivy Neck. Infrequent at borders of cornfields on Cheston Peninsula. Also along tractor trail to artificial pond. Hectare 4721. Higman 952. Chondrilla Chondrilla juncea L. Skeleton-weed Ivy Neck. Two stations: along trail from parking area and trail to artificial pond, above drainage to Cheston Creek. Hectare 4721. Associate species: Cichorium intybus, Mentha spicata, Ambrosia trifida, Agrostis alba. Higman 1024, 1218. Taraxacum 1. Mature achenes tuberculate only above the middle. 2. Leaves dissected to midrib; achenes reddish. Expected (TIT. erythrospermum). 2. Leaves not dissected to midrib; achenes BOWNTUS cio sein ies nieiene ole) s '0)-01's)'04e aloveilecehe exer eVeilel stele /elele/ leis) sfsie efoielis) Orel canaLe i.oMaturesachenes tuberculate, tol base... .2icnc -efisee eerie Le) dati lobum Taraxacum officinale Weber Dandelion Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent along roadsides, usually in unshaded locations. Higman 487, 579. T. latilobum DC. (combined with T. officinale in Britton and Brown) Dandelion Java Farm. One station: entrance gate on old Muddy Creek Road. Hectare 2463. Associate species: Taraxacum officinale, Galium aparine, Trifolium pratense, Geranium carolinianum, Commelina communis. Higman jsp Se Aablelticn, BLA 2a, Pot Paneth ap moh Rete ed | anieaeke GOLF ares oak, ‘eauotgatnge Og. bso; een Wes abtwlinxes Ao atebxod te: Anaupertals | ery nee ore ie saci dll od; hiker yotoax igri Samy osth, % ee 3 pergit ) Baeresot to . . ash a gitz sma we nares enidizen aor. {hast gools, r.anotiats owl) Vansld wr seu) sodead) 02 sgapieth sveds sbooq Latoltiigs #3 fkexa A iaaaatoe aijooM ,audvind musyodagk) sestueqa sastooees LSTA. MIST. yASO! aeargth spdis ekaeonat a quakes sT othbin ott owode visto sininoradud seceios etudeM Pe by fetbbes govaion pdirbim of besooseth asvesul oS . (aperreyeoidiyts |. TL), bedoeqed nensdos pdishimw of botosgethoton saveed ote. vhs w sen RL ewO Te ..9and of otelyotedud eanedas atysem al rode sieatediie om an jpabhebaos gaalp — Aas evs pai arsit svat” te , Vee areas mane B _ gise ‘ot dake bemtdnos) 2 | inden tae., om 8 bon 199. Sonchus Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Sow-thistle Java Farm. One station: base of tile silo at main building area. Hectare 2590. Higman 827. Lactuca 1. Achenes tapering to a stout, broadened summit; flowers blue. 2. Pappus tawny or olive. Expected (L. biennis). Zig PAPPUS! WHTEC ccc eee ecocisivnsecccess ss esleisisicisciee sive cscs Lue tlorddana 1. Achenes tapering to a filiform beak; flowers yellow. 3. Heads 5- to 8-flowered; achenes 5- to 7-ribbed on each face, oblanceolate to narrowly obovate. Expected (L. scariola, L. saligna). 3. Heads 12- to 20-flowered; achenes 1- to 3- ribbed on each face, oblong, elliptic, or oval. (Also, beak Jointed) c cis cc wcice elie ciel se sm ce Limcanadensilis Lactuca floridana (L.) Gaertn., var. villosa (Jacq.) Cronq. Lettuce Java Farm. One station: along old entrance road between gate at old Muddy Creek Road and culvert of Muddy Creek. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus alba, Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa, etc. Associate species: Eupatorium purpureum, Agrimonia microcarpa, Desmodium paniculatum, D. glutinosum, D. glabellum, Elephantopus carolinianus. Higman 30. L. canadensis L. Lettuce Java Farm. One station in old field. Hectare 3504. Associate species: Solidago rugosa, S. altissima, Aster lateriflorus. Higman 331. Pyrrhopappus Pyrrhopappus carolinianus (Walt.) DC. False Dandelion Ivy Neck. One station: tractor trail to abandoned field on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectare 4740. Associate species: Anagallis arvensis, Galinsoga ciliata, Rumex crispus. Higman 957. ciimmys banebsoxs tvoze & OF gabveqas oe oy eanids oe \Cetnoatd’. ib betoaqxd -avklo 70 vw auqgst me le | sesendvesese quand eeilil eves deat) oA wet eal oS AE aad ls Rll ieapetltighe ti aa DN aa jiewst3 sdasod miottine's 03 gaksoge3) stadadell eat wwol ley si n j is : D Pe ps is shia od =@ @smetoe 3 -parswolt-8 ov -? abasi eee ; a -syevede yiworren 02 adeLoesnsldo ~post dose fo -(smatiae ol «ilotzeoe » besoeqxal ae ~£ of <1 eemedoa jbaxewoli-0S oy ~$f sbaol 20 neh peel ecole ,son? dose so baddit .(bsantot staed yoatA) «Lavo it 4 Tue va bee ee eee S | q-tttte80 (0) pe .pnod (.posl) ssolity «tev, cy ; oo Uh ae i goutsod $6 Bing temwted bao oonatic5 Bio gnolse iottasea ond ree sieat iy hy Saat to yqons) esx) ybbulf to s+oyfua bre baok agexD ybbuM ble, pyred yexeiigtius wos trpshotass ,edis euoteed’ .sitlottbneg B a, bs screrain o sioomtypA ,mUsreguy moh osequs ragtosqe stsiooegA | T gusoteadasis Aaa : ewok 4 ie edateeiat aon 3 sale Sis seipuety Yon aegis batood dat eeakqe rerbnntsacceente .eatae: aontettdg :aasd ae worxan pats @ hide when tans Sols age Feb ihesiwetesiavanse res cs siyen™ BO tuginsd f hss Elan: od fleta todoexd Faobdate ond” aos Yi , suehoeqa statoosas {OANA suBtosa .siuenbne® biox: sabes suduegodsat ee 08 apmgit .apgetzs “mu tjoxk agai’. norte dete (.LE2H) euake mye panei ; Choe eg: ant iy gina galt niem ge olin detdduy ‘:eoisase 400. \orba avel, d awietl ,Wotbab entaueld restoeqe etatoouaA .08es’ orgdoeH aa ebaalse ging 998103 qN% causes, See ausala § ins muykeg to anol dtkw eedoosrd bos mete te ated 1 sae. ag Seah dit eaancaieh ons mere tnarxuasb agalw amisias sbargndve~ gat snijedtonssd aie! hag * 194 202. 4. Heads subtended by spiny leafy bracts; peduncles short, leafy. 5. Principal cauline leaves deeply pinnatifid into linear-lanceolate lobes...........++.. C. discolor 5. Principal cauline leaves entire or shallowly lobed. Expected (C. altissimum). 4. Heads not subtended by leafy bracts; peduncles long, with scattered and reduced bracts. Expected (C. virginianum). 1. Flowers dioecious. (Also, leaves green both sides).... C. arvense Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Tenore Bull Thistle Ivy Neck. One station: edge of cornfield on Cheston Peninsula, near head of Cheston Creek estuary. Hectare 4755. Associate species: Datura stramonium, Abutilon theophrasti. Higman 1220. C. discolor (Muhl.) Spreng. Thistle Java Farm. Moderately abundant along old entrance road south of main building area, and in grassy parts of old fields. Hectares 2590, 3500, 3504. Associate species: Poa pratensis (dense turf), Asclepias syriaca, Apocynum cannabinum, Erigeron canadensis, Aster dumosus. Higman 44, 337. C. arvense (L.) Scop. Canadian Thistle Java Farm. One station: beside old entrance road just south of main building area. Hectare 3500. Associate species: Cirsium discolor, Asclepias syriaca, Verbascum thapsus, V. blattaris. Higman 888. Heliantheae 1. Ray flowers absent. 2. Shrub; salt marsh habitat; heads monoecious, the pistillate flowers 1 to 5, marginal, without corolla; the staminate flowers numerous, central, with lobed corolla....secsesesecesceeecees Iva 2. Herbs; terrestrial habitat; heads dioecious, the pistillate ones clustered below spikes of staminate ones; pistillate heads 1- or 2-flowered; staminate heads 5- to 20-flowered. bateed anbdviass doghookst “mune Eom badesqet me Ry bet ; ; - meta, ad2 te ined eotreiivedg ‘al tvate ‘arawoll yet Ma yisdsnntq esvsol :wot ,baswnwod. i; bsatsv ‘Bisemontia/ 1 ie aa ei wyeens WOlloy stag exawolt eh i ae , bossorsdat golselivda gaselittetq arsenite Oe ae oe mea Ay, wollay-mebiog exswolt ; -bauron-t, esvseal,cvanm . °) ene aa x are I i DER eines a tdve Vay eS as gol 8A santa €& oF S yannk old isupeaw TON), " l ugaaetavet qonk © ‘bie i rate asatidssegracaegrar cress ts eared os yalqate TO: ajenntg-3s00 eovsel, casa - Rie sove 40a eeont ort .Iimove o3 gasd mart benobsoxd | . Mi exoutovedt woant off cada sogsol €\Ly, as 2 of € ditw 1o slqmte gsvasl . exantx4 iS | “ptaltest Jootsetb suorstw yesdek .' \\) Sonam wooo & daitw esmadoA atint er ybmmue quontgaititas xe rowel 8) bavyaoqxad (guavas .ehyeet _iiminwe 3s sveone5s TO aisonuss asnanok .€ suontgelt 75> ton Woe lexinos ome yi a balgne-$ ylguatsa sene bi eaveol ,oatA) +h ae sqogzov th daiw 10, bebivi 30 gntbesgar aariet lydig peadol feaed (gnthsesq® yisenol SS ; ae ; a. pee sebnaie djiw ,datsieii eanoioa levines otujeM ««? sai - (agomm « £) pexooqud ,adiubior giusede, 10 date x6 heobtvib-esanate yiqeeb aovesl aan oh, ee -aggiieel gamkdekb 4) ‘avenge nave asd? yeiz0re 30 gabon hk ail as 8) Besoeqed -Steloay ne ' } segeol eon cota we ot 207. 6. Outer involucre of 8 to 12 smooth or finely ciliate spreading, acute or blunt phyllaries 4 to 7 mm. long. Expected (B. aristosa). 6. Outer involucre of 12 to 25 puckered or coarsely serrate ciliate spreading or reflexed-curling acuminate phyllaries TO. ZORmms WONG cre ciecicie.» cies clcleleltehetcdeteNeeve cle Be | POlyepUS Bidens bipinnata L. Spanish Needles Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant along roadsides and in cracked pavement at main building area. Associate species: Juncus tenuis, Aster dumosus, Perilla frutescens, Lamium amplexicaule, Melilotus alba. Higman 77, 357. B. connata Muhl., var. petiolata (Nutt.) Farw. Beggar-ticks, (8. tripartita L.) Stick-tight Java Farm. One station: sand bar in bed of Muddy Creek, upstream from culvert of old entrance road. Hectare 2467. Canopy of Fagus randifolia, Platanus occidentalis, Quercus alba; understory of Lindera benzoin. Associate species: Impatiens capensis. Higman 168. B. polylepis Blake Beggar-ticks, Stick-tight Java Farm. One station: forest margin of old field east of road to springhouse. Hectare 3428, Adjacent canopy of_Fagus grandifolia and Quercus velutina. Associate species: Verbesina occidentalis. Higman 148. Anthemideae 1. Receptacle chaffy, at least toward summit or center. 2. Heads numerous in close corymbs; achenes oblong, flattened; receptacle flattish (prolonged sin VE CULE) mrorersteremveleverencvevovenetcrs evevetereleietevs /eieterehers Chinnloled 2. Heads solitary at tips of branches and branchlets; achenes terete, angled, or ribbed; Teceptaciic (Conical : ie to ,ygoms) . an yegintaziv aibsers) +eetosq® aisinoseA .edis euorsu0 ,auaiag BYOy : | I mee v .O€) memale .sis228d ; ptoaeeu lyse 123998 siosoltM —— bLttW (41) sstang, sia | ‘ual ah jaubaude ylsiersbom oF Ineupetial ret evel > a aint ol eon Inabayde yiassisbom _spiiee ylaigtle wo feo rsyad2 estooqs stsivoves qesdatam Sesivit svi atigaiaats au2tost muotast pabieaas gosbyil ou eunoat eo BIE | — to tairre> jesw 36 ivieers nk Jasboude ical oath T, 2 :siedd eskseqe saaksoneh prooeeh “apecanh 08eo fees 2d ee al ‘ vir fe mh, AMER heya dalla Eupatorium 1. Receptacle conical; base of stem with prostrate superficial stolons; flowers blue-violet...........-+. BH. coelestinum 1. Receptacle flat; base of stem without superficial stolons; flowers white to purple. 2. Involucre cylindric, the outer phyllaries closely imbricated, purple to creamy white. (Also, leaves usually whorled in 3's to 5's, lanceolate to ovate). 3. Inflorescence round-topped; lower leaf surfaces and upper stem with glutinous dots (sometimes absent in E. purpureum). 4, Leaves palmately 3-veined; involucre and flowers purple. Expected (E. dubium). 4. Leaves pinnately veined; involucre and flowers white to pale lavender. (Also, stem with dark purple nodes; fresh plant strongly’ vanilla-scented) 2. oes eli. wte'ees Ee purpureum 3. Inflorescence flat-topped; lower leaf surfaces and upper stem not glutinous- dotted. (Also, stem deep purple or purple- spotted; florets 8-20). Expected (E. maculatum). 2. Involucre lax, the outer phyllaries not closely imbricated, green. (Also, leaves alternate or opposite, whorled only in E. hyssopifolium, and then linear to narrowly lanceolate). 5. Leaves sessile or nearly so. 6. Heads with 10 to 40 flowers. 7. Leaves perfoliate, lanceolate, acuminate... E. perfoliatum 7. Leaves with truncate or round bases, ovate, acute to blunt. Expected (E. aromaticum). 6. Heads with 5 to 7 flowers. 8. Leaves broadly subtruncate, round or . cordate at base. Expected (E. album). 8. Leaves tapering to base. “ee gig seau0 edd. oks .aitdw ymeas9 o4 siqtuq Teesaht alan! y ae eee 02 a’t nt belrodw yifsuau eoveel | , (Sdavo of szaLosnnl . Asal yowol -beqqos-bauox aongsestoltal atob, “evonitety Aste mete teaaqu bos essere *, Gnysmateg +2 ot sioeds pesmi Iemod) ae hea Cia stouloval spenksv=€ ylosenited eayaed cy Ri Ata, wiht “» (gtd +3) bstosqed .algxug. exowolt am Bi boa stouioval jbeatev vissaontg asvasd te ¢ @BEB) mabpatet sfuq of Stitw epawoly’ saat daar? ;eebon elquaq tzab diiw mete as A igs “ie 4 fedtnbteb eskrhiiyat ow ot hodesiidnt ¢ gol es eaitss Ie dati eecre ahaed one odd ae yaay To basaoitdmt 368 aorsebt eee a) (e GIPW To Bali9e Soo nt ,oe ylidgite 4, ~9ao FSIUG 44one’ YISV Y Veen eavaeew ne eer arrelisosa pe gilotimtisd sisal josboudA .as9 “vi Das mist ave ; ~9sjgow sda yiletosgas ,sadatens tiga 9 ~ b hie aay ay piazue-nee he tne bends yieszersbor ot «| gaatdneed ‘elennadS fabio ‘x89 Seo76 . yd baskitenreq 19320 jasbhoxugonya -2 + wroltievsiis sakizeqa ih oe pene ’ apace A ae mye RR Pays ee TT eS Be a : on , he } : ” 1A : Pk pe eilyAe ye, ‘ vo m0 nd ote ~S ty te i : ee ee 216. 8. Leaves glabrous or minutely puberulent. Expected (S. puberula, S. erecta). 5. Branches of panicle recurved, panicle nodding at summit; heads borne on the upper side of the branches. 10. Salt marsh habitat.........essseeeeees sees S. sempervirens 10. Terrestrial habitat. 11. Cauline leaves rapidly decreasing in size upward; basal rosettes usually present; cauline leaves 5 to 40. 12. Leaves sharply serrate; petioles winged, ciliate; plant otherwise glabrous OGTSCADEOUSI.) 6% aaieleexelsie se vlesieiese cece. S. juncea 12. Leaves crenate to subentire; petioles wingless; stems and leaves with dense grayish puberulence....... sfefote sxole slevste sfsheferehe “Oi DeMOnalas, 11. Cauline leaves very gradually decreasing in size upward; basal rosettes absent; cauline leaves 20 to over 100. 13. Leaves pinnately nerved, without 2 conspicuously prolonged lateral nerves. 14. Stem glabrous or nearly so, or puberulent only in lines. Expected (S. odora, Ss jelliottii),. 14. Stem villous or scabrous- pubescent throughout. (Also, conspicuous leafy bracts present on branches Of PanicHO)). ./Meksctoiet a Meee soon Luposa 13. Leaves with 2 conspicuously prolonged lateral nerves, plus the midrib. “ana bded “sntiosenset 0 ae . Ale ah pepo pitnuntin’ ott heres Ay onkioa BE, ileyes estieeor Isesd .brawqu Sete. +0¢ ne nevsel arkine: qaneesuq~ pace: viqueda wove. 4 vn i pessiito »bagaiw aslolisy abba ‘auotdsig selwiaiso inal | am 2 Nepean ce erene ee se BuOTdEoE To) latest ot stenets asveod ana |) bres emste qeeotigaiw ealoliog Pe an wi . dabyetg serebodatw eovesl ‘ pileyomen io te RG ee yw ee ete ROM LOTSUE yifeubaag ysev eovesl omliosd Leased ;byewqu ssie of garesyto5b seveel sniluss ;iggeds a9dto8o7 ,0OL seve o3 Of ,bevisa ylotanniq asveel .c1' Xieuoustqenas & svodsiw ,2evren i bagnolorg bats +0 abieadalie mst. Sf vine tasiutedug Io .08 »BxObo...8). batonqxd « ,aemit at . * (tr g3abkits: “2 -~eyordsoe to auolltv..mot2 -tuordgvonds tae9eedig yisol evousigqemos .oslA) io asdonsid no Imeeetq atosrd: mt WBrivepeeesvenesecees con Qbobaa 0 GSitmihbaens £ daiw siete + gRavTeM sero phe Dali. 15. Summit of stem below panicle glabrous or sparsely pilose. Expected (S. gigantea). 15. Summit of stem below panicle densely pilose, most of stem closely puberulent. 16. Leaves sharply serrate; involucres 2 to 2.8 mm. high; phyllaries slenderly tapering. Expected (S. canadensis). 16. Leaves remotely serrate or subentire; involucres 3 to 5 mm. high; phyllaries linear, DLUAt=Bipped se ye. TS. At. at. oe Se eal tissima Solidago graminifolia (L.) Salisb. Flat-topped Goldenrod Java Farm. Moderately abundant in old fields. Dominant species: Rhus radicans, Campsis radicans, Lonicera japonica, Solidago altissima, Rubus spp. Scattered young mixed hardwoods. Also, one station in freshwater part of Fox Creek marsh. Hectare 3516. Associate species: Aster puniceus, Leersia oryzoides. Higman 125, 245, 384. S. caesia L. Blue-stem Goldenrod Java Farm. Infrequent along old Muddy Creek Road and around entrance gate there. Hectare 2463. Canopy of mature Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera. Higman 385, 406. S. bicolor L. White Goldenrod Ivy Neck. One station: west shore of Cheston Creek estuary. Hectare 5725, Canopy of Quercus prinus, Q. alba, Carya tomentosa, Acer rubrum, Fagus grandifolia. Higman 1068. S. hispida Muhl. Goldenrod Java Farm. One station: Fox Point. Hectare 3558. Canopy of Quercus prinus, Q. alba. Associate species: Liatris graminifolia, Epigaea repens, Gaylussacia baccata. Higman 1133. S. sempervirens L. Seaside Goldenrod Java Farm. Infrequent in salt marshes. Associate species: Spartina patens, Distichlis spicata, Baccaris halimifolia. Higman 213. gainers ae Pa B.S od ri is | Pmensas sashnate®: yitebasta 16:0) ji) -wigpesbaas> +E)” rh ee daa: ¥Ietomer gawaady .2t) ‘od Eb eetoulovist youktnedve: | tl ,teent s estrsiiydg pigid sm 2 as Penviegsakyxts eon xsh'senbagatseanutd” , 6 boggo)- 1 Many 25 idetie®) (i) suluviateads cubits se ssbieti Bho at jnshouds viedersbor! xe Tt svel argoknod ,snpol ber BLeqms. «2069 ee cae oe pedir grinoy besyeiisoe ,qge auduh , emt ss Ne here Hi staxom tear) xof 20 712q ae gretoel daa +Iee seo1D) xol imotisde on ,mied avel ean sabia epashiiee gizeiessd ss9iooge odpiooaal | ; ae ssmgik vio auspludue i waded is 4289 Inbia sei bas sodetam giae ot taoupotial enh aval ~ivreamae ogebilog -:estooqe eteioossA .asatd ybbumM - ei. ah: Or pamgih .anedeg aoliieg’ SuUBORETIS austsqyo S282H88 | oe Vint ae: ‘ . waseh T .xdosM aujenimuse Be ag? to geaw broth’ blo-Ro bigzam diyoe :notzeze onO .mzBt avBL Rig foes el azaoigol sensed aise etsinsH .sevodgaizae OF 7 to mw mo deiddus i ut ae ORLA _ ppl tossy3e sadmabtuphi gau0y. bas - ,Ock, ORE meegth: wie at eusokaug : Me . Ratan’ yeas xO% Ao aAned qeeta to oble -soitsi3e onO ast aval a pWetosge statooaeA . site bobsda ,seroM .f0eS axsdoed ona fr pamgih | .aoiotesiv plexoat eiiidtansa Balson0 muserk teamed | DIL gueoltg s ot haba! boo vebiskt blo of areca er avst | aI vig goinoasl Bro2ate ste9ingl .sasytbss & 286€ bas [ anatnigaiv 203 eed BI2TRS ZOD A. novi-belgii L. Aster Java Farm. One station: main building area. Hectare 2580. Associate species: Daucus carota, Achillea millefolium, Epilobium coloratum. Higman 197. A. dumosus L. Aster Infrequent to moderately abundant in old fields. Collected in hectare 3506, near south border of large field mostly covered by Rhus radicans. Associate species: Cirsium discolor, Eupatorium serotinum, Aster vinimeus, Poa pratensis. Higman 339. A. dumosus L., var. subulaefolium T. and G. Aster Java Farm. One station: roadside at main building area. Hectare 2580. Associate species: Aster novi-belgii, Achillea millefoliun, Daucus carota. Higman 198. A. vimineus Lam. Aster Java Farm. Infrequent to moderately abundant along bottom of Muddy Creek valley, upstream from tidal portion: also in marshy west end of Phalaris arundinacea meadow north of main buildings (hectare 2468) and along Fox Creek drainage. All stations moist and shaded. Canopy and associate species vary. Also one station in old field, approx. hectare 2572. This station dry, unshaded. Rhus radicans, Lonicera japonica, and Solidago altissima dense. Higman 194, 208, 329, 1042. A. vimineus Lam., var. subdumosus Wieg. Aster Java Farm. One station: along Fox Creek drainage. Hectare 2583, near new entrance road. Canopy of young Juglans nigra, Liquidambar styraciflua. Associate species: Elephantopus carolinianus, Panicum clandestinum, Muhlenbergia schreberi, Ambrosia trifida, Perilla frutescens, Sanicula canadensis. Higman 30/7. AC lateritlorus “(io Britt. Aster Java Farm, One station: along Fox Creek drainage, upstream from culvert, near north boundary of Farm. Hectare 2473. Canopy of Ulmus americana, Juglans nigra, Liquidambar styraciflua. Associate species: Dryopteris noveboracensis, Muhlenbergia schreberi. Higman 316. others ‘bia’ ab ‘Aoatunde taauxathons ot scanpaen a Sot} sqzal to sebied Pies Tat doe erpioen eh puke sk) tastvage sialsoeeA Sree auth | co : hd ro" ‘ghost anmivese LIA gerberh ees 9, xo% aacle bas Rtg ey Rd tie te eH bath ry pe ipaq otetaosee Bus canue Pe tae azetoed ~xoxqge »blaka’ ihebadenn (rh aoliere @ fst" $40 bned _ndno tbe! poembh batenti fs ogebrfoe bas . sghooget prootne SOL rc 808. ROL" crest H Joobauda viusarsbosn oF Iaawpot ly f et | 7a, ; me avedimby, vt et) sal i ; aa Oe IRA ai eu gino gubdira «TY: “y a vd _ ie yebes Qungosh .Sanciath woe «oc anole srotiase spO. .atet evel ¥ soned . DRG SAASTITS, VE Se ss rh mR writ grelgul gavoy ta eq ae, OE p pune)! Snr a> ange. squid tasioage wiarsoenA aul Teds ‘Ta an atbiet POLTEL YT aheozdmh ,brsgetioe, {oe @t gradi Ielats uot se 9hoRl Soe i VRE amg Fel BL SNS DERE, "pisabone ooneaaey Pb sae Ns Sema ° ity ts | “sapyk (4) ag tend robe AE 1o,08% is Vien fms ttre Ageniays deat? xo gris +nntieds anv) oat Bvet ; " ut pagette sESSA oradoot eve 26 ytehaved. dztae pera ou x 25. be rs 2g arabe sankak vf 223). A. praealtus Poir. Aster Java Farm. One station: freshwater part of Fox Creek drainage marsh. Hectare 3526. Associate species: Impatiens capensis, Sambucus canadensis, Salix nigra, Scirpus rubricosus. Higman 492. A. simplex Willd. Aster Java Farm. One station: south-facing slope above tidal portion of Muddy Creek. Source of small tributary; hectare 3426. Canopy of Liquidambar styraciflua, Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, Juglans nigra. Associate species: Carex lurida, Saururus cernuus. Higman 398. Erigeron 1. Involucre campanulate; rays minute and in several rows, Or wanting. 2. Stem glabrous except sometimes at base; leaves bristly-ciliate only at base; phyllaries with a dark purple apical spot. Expected (E. pusillus). 2. Stem spreading-hirsute throughout; leaves bristly-ciliate to tip, hispid; phyllaries without dark apical SpoOt.....c.sessccvcccescereseses Be Canadensis 1. Involucre saucer-shaped to hemispheric; rays spreading, conspicuous. 3. Cauline leaves sessile, with rounded or sub- clasping bases; disc-corollas 2.5 to 4.5 mm. long; pappus simple. 4. Long, superficial stolons present; heads ito 73 rays! about 503 idisc corollas) 345 to 4.5 mm. long. Expected (E. pulchellus). 4, Long, superficial stolons absent; heads more numerous; rays 100 or more; disc-corollas 2.5 to 3.5 mm. long. (Also, stem long- pilose below). 1. o« ss slelelsiosoievorehs 6) «) slefehe eres cceie's ee pL adel phacus 3. Cauline leaves tapering to base; disc corollas 1.5 to 2.5 mm. long; pappus of disc-flowers double, with a minute outer series. | oo BELEW RR Ce oye SER Mnd Tis aN ame a fy pyvoda aqbla giion td suc: inokisse ang, yore? evel QSAE srogood geistudiza Lisme to 20408 i yatottbnasa suast .guidioswe 28 pial xo78 yeakaage soakooe@a’ 4 ts Hog . ve = { 2 * ‘Tepevarint bos sivata ever : esq luneqmes stouloyal -pnkinew) to ewotGe gayest jsend ta wamitasoer Jq90%9 avordels, mate d4tw gelreliydq yoasd 35 y ina gieilroeylieiad Keaklreug +3) batoaqua toga) taoige siqruq axed, 5 Peet eh eK aaveol pauodgerordls osuerid-gntbso74e mete Remarc LRN ibitey 9”) netueiivdg gbtqeatd .qts 93 sjetlro-visaiad } Bit ; a 4 ghanobene> a TE CL Re te a te rn toga tsokqendweh jupod 3 jw ayet potasiqeimed oF baquile-teouee ei1py Lovak ‘euouatqadog, , gatbesrgais «due to bebowor ditw slieess asveod onk ued ab. hy om 0 02 45 actlotoo~palh yasead goigasls as ; siqnia euqgeg sanot sheet ;ansesxq anolote (atotixeque yaned «# 2,€ ealhoves seth 302 avoda eye of od) tht PSsy \ Cauiledaivg 2) betneqxd. »garol om -2 8 O39 . absad ;Inseds enoloda (atativsqus samol A eetloros-seth ;yx0m 10 OOL ayer savoTSMUi! eTOM a «gol mete ,oalh) anol om et of 2,8 +i 8 iy Siante x ddim sions 9 awit pee RED saolia ‘eeilora> oath jsasd oi gabsagn? aave Joss erswoli-vetb to eugqea vanol | ,esivee taivo sluatm ® agiw 224, 5. Leaves coarsely cleft or serrate, ovate to lanceolate, bristly-ciliate; rays longer than WAGE) TO GAS Cie eusieiovsicrsjeliojeioleleisielie) syolsie ei auelsie/eeseiejeeisieie Wis) ANGUS 5. Leaves entire, linear-lanceolate to broadly oblanceolate, minutely strigose to glabrous; rays equal to or shorter than width of disc..... E. strigosus Erigeron canadensis L. Horseweed, Fleabane, Hogweed, Butterweed Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields south of main building area. Hectares 2499, 3409. Associate species: Poa pratensis (dense turf), Achillea millefolium, Plantago lanceolata, Cirsium discolor, Hypericum perforatum, Asclepias syriaca, Verbascum thapsus. Higman 11. E. philadelphicus L. Fleabane Ivy Neck. One station: abandoned grassy field on Scaffold Peninsula. Hectares 4761, 4772. Associate species: Trifolium pratense, T. hybricum, Oenothera fruticosa. Higman 726. E. annuus (L.) Pers. White-top, Daisy Fleabane Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent to moderately abundant in old fields. Also scattered along old entrance road between Muddy Creek culvert and main building area. Variety of associate species, including: Bromus japonicus, Agrimonia parviflora, Solidago altissima, Solanum carolinense. Often among dense Rhus radicans and Lonicera japonica. Higman 48, 750, 889, 892. E. strigosus Muhl. White-top, Daisy Fleabane Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields south of main building area and south of Fox Point Road. Associate species vary, include: Solidago graminifolia, Cyperus strigosus, Lespedeza cuneata, Verbascum thapsus. Higman 49, 122. Senecioneae 1. Heads monoecious or subdioecious, the hermaphrodite (bisexual) flowers sterile, the pistillate ones fruiting. Expected (Tussilago). 1. Heads with all or nearly all flowers fertile. mn Diactetg od eaogtiie ceete pea rere a ~ arate net bie ca 16 02, Isups ba ates to Giaos ablatt bio at qneupesial met gyste : g so) «teetooge etetoosaA ,@Ose ,PRAS esisioeH. S88 57 pinsons! ognsoelS »mubfotelt ta nollidoh . aes aangb) age ive Belgsloas ,mutEsorsod. qu treaul ogetb’ “oadn0 4 4, anpbia isbs hide am “ Moanase ate, bret? yaeatg bonobaads inoha%e end .tosh av , sgotaeqe stetooecd »-SVS , faved. asisioon salventne@ SX mongih .seontsuti gaze atsnieietl avolydyd 3D) ELL EL YS: gett et) eouans a al glasazshom 02 Snoupetiol ..aosv wl bas ain gvete Wo tng wenwied beor samertae bie anole bavsdinoe o#lA | abled bio ; Pie iiag oioletma to ytotiaY § .#97s antbitud abem bos Jasviuo aes mn ogabhi loz sz0ti tvise sioomh igh ,euataogs! eumox8, t afitbuLonk: oe “bas 2% 25 BY, GUHA Haas gaciae 98920 §.9809 iqgatlotss bi S08 (088-084 . 64 aemgth -soimogs i” ; pos—os baw fdoM gusoghxga «i onadna tt pores ek. i gnbbitwd alps ie dives. ebistt bio at saoupantal sraed svel | tab tom «Wray estosge ejpksoasA .beok Jatol xo% to divos, bas seas ny a: edna siabdy asl ,guecgtiye, euxmsgeo | (SiLopsalmara er «S84 ee, guages oo (ie | | » paseo heens® | i Be pasboxdqomied 2 jevatsoatbdye. 20 eucksboeaer aba 5B i _ esno sieliivekq od3 ,9lt1926) exawolt preter , Be . (ogadteouT) besooqxa - spent” . een ae ([Strizeh «rowel? Ls vimead st hh es DOE 2. Cauline leaves opposite; pappus finely barbed. (Also, flowers yellow). Expected (Arnica). 2. Cauline leaves alternate; pappus capillary, soft. 3. Ray-flowers absent; corollas white. 4. Outer and inner flowers hermaphrodite; corollas 5-cleft. Expected (Cacalia). 4, Outer flowers pistillate only; corollas with 2- to 4-toothed limb............+++eee6- Erechtites 3. Ray-flowers usually present (as in species collected); corollas yellow or yellow with GOGH EUPSs ape «/egencuerencxehepsuchebene a sfickohskslsuciieielsicuehesuenccereielle shee OCHe CTO Erechtites Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. Fireweed Java Farm. Infrequent: two stations in old fields south of main buildings (hectare 2499) and on north side of Fox Creek drainage (hectare 3505). Also observed in Phalaris arundinacea meadow, north of main buildings (hectare 2468). Associate species vary with site. Higman 50, 537. Senecio Senecio obovatus Muhl. Groundsel, Squaw-weed Java Farm. One station: source of small tributary valley of Rhode River, on Fox Creek estuary south of pier. Hectare 3508. Canopy of Robinia pseudoacacia, Liquidambar styraciflua, and Ulmus americana. Dense ground layer of Lonicera japonica. Associate species: Verbesina occidentalis. Higman 1151. Inuleae 1. Salt marsh to freshwater aquatic habitat; flowers pink to purple; phyllaries slightly scarious. (Also, phyllaries ciliate; plant camphor-scented)..... Pluchea 1. Terrestrial habitat; flowers white or yellowish; phyllaries moderately to very scarious. i: erdgce pa ‘orine bie. at “+ (atison)) beioeqatl +telore esttoroy atioxoa. ixfno: gtalizieta, azesolt “990085 Tilia eal De adel we antl basditood-* oo) “ee daw. " gekpeqe nit aH). tusestg giisven grawolt~yel Hate wollsy xo wolloy Bellotox :(betostioo 5 Pad ORBIT bet garksdoss a ee | i tO. (aad), ablohizensta sata” . -@bielt bio at enoliase ows :tosupetios eet avati, re a | tol to abie dixdn so baa (Ress etatoar), sank bi tied ‘do Haron ywobsea poosalbruty olssiedt atk bayisedo oes pes spake dakw ytav a9iooge k29qe eietoosaA » (Baas, eresaed}” ; ; ie -tduM. sotavodo 2. “ide, [hav yresudies [feus to eotvoa iaoliata en0 .»m7st syveb > E.ateizei .xetg to divoe yiRuIes tosxd xo no ,1Ssvie sbonh "bap -piliboagyte asdmeb biupld ,ptososobuseq: sinidod 39 ‘go08 Babaogal. gyeotnod to reyel bavozg seamed «BARS ; 12tl sagt .etietasbkaso & ao eid geno tuo prowol? j2eiidsd shisupe setewdest? 0 dexam ate wauolresa Ylidgiia solasiivdg relemig of amtq owas Abennsse~songqmss tnalg saab Ratan 4 iy prekwol toy 46 edits eyawolt yauotysce Yisv oF ciel 226, 2. Plants dioecious, with all heads either pistillate or staminate; basal rosettes present, the cauline leaves much smaller; leaves and stem densely white- WO Olllyreretonel evevelenereieps clare) cvercrelecelenercicieicrchenslisoie/isietete cteuheteleroneie mame CIIM area 2. Plants not dioecious, the heads with outer pistillate very slender flowers and inner perfect flowers; basal rosettes absent; leaves and stem MOGEerateilliys PAlOS Chl eicieis sieleie sie clei oleic lelaleieicles! sie e/eieeveisis/e) | GHaAphaleLum Pluchea Pluchea camphorata (L.) DC. Stinkweed Java Farm and Ivy Neck. Infrequent in salt marshes near shoreward margin, and along upstream shores of estuaries. Associate species: Typha latifolia, T. angustifolia, Hibiscus palustris, Mikania scandens, Panicum clandestinum. Higman 82, 113, 217. Antennaria Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Hook. Everlasting, Ladies'-tobacco Java Farm. Infrequent on eroded banks at Fox Point (hectare 3558) and along old Muddy Creek Road near old entrance gate (hectares 2472, 2482). Canopy of Quercus prinus and Q. alba at Fox Point; associate species there: Epigaea repens. Canopy at Muddy Creek Road of Fagus grandifolia, Liriodendron tulipifera, Quercus alba. Higman 568. Gnaphalium 1. Inflorescence a corymb; phyllaries very white; bristles’ of pappus free to base. (cee. emeee cones eevee (Gs ODEUSHTROIUm 1. Inflorescence a spike; phyllaries pale brown; bristles of pappus united at DASE... ccccesccoeocrcccvccseeseece G. purpureum Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. Catfoot, Cudweed Java Farm. Infrequent in old fields. Principal station in grassy area south of main building area. Hectares 2499, 3409. Associate species there: Verbascum thapsus, Solanum carolinense, Agrimonia parviflora, Cirsium discolor, Asclepias syriaca, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron strigosus, Verbascum blattaria, Apocynum cannabinum, Erechtites hieracifolia. Higman 51, 229. Saab bite attain Su Speman oe Nb ¥ i We a Boe akiw gheerl ty “penobasorh: Jom gestzeg xonck bee erswolt qheela rev § mese bos dovast ;insads wadtdeos fassd { rec senayerienseyer ev nes chars book elaseis — sonou ld Od ts ae aderodqines, saat ihe i iaiwesi ‘ste ni sasupsiztar toate vot Bae teret ave eT) 8°) agetacaeh Neskreujes 20 esyana omexeagy: “geolp hare ket | 4 a: abate es euyostdtA el fotliaugns’ 2 ‘ni Lotitel at ie iS LS ell 8 psag tt Saluntteabas Le airenns iA ook (+1) sifLoit nigejns tg sbansing 2st ~ a {hy | ben) FeloT xo% te adned babots do deeupstiol .myaY avat jp eho omit): $459 sonaxins blo sesn badd asad ybbunt bf ganle bee: tiated xOl te adie .0 bus suatzg ayorsod to vyoned (SEAS : 110 baot dass) yobuM Js ygous) ‘BOSG9T SaGgigy i834 1 estosqe, “oo vafive maith .ocly auoysud wisitgilus porbyshois ht .etlotiamerg MS = . me mertbntta eos eatity yrev waktelfyrq jdevzoo © sonpsasxolinl wey mpi toil guide 14% | whee vdvers Oaad OF serl sudqed 16 aslyerad — "= a . eatjeted tnword olaq esitel! yea ‘jsdhge e Ssnsoes10lt HI ee, mera «BD «++ eee Apeiad hes teeceeses@68G Jf beliqny seqqeg 10:5, p= Reebw) | tonite) J suthodemuiade aude eh nk aphasse Inqtootr ,2bfsht blo ab sasose7Iel | weaet eval cae SPOS pozeIoeH . 518 gutbliud ates to djuge Beis aro® ,apeqdd? susegdysy soxed? earaeqe oon a 4 te nares violoaa kb. 2211» G. purpureum L. Purple Cudweed Java Farm. One station: south-facing slope between grassy meadow and north boundary of Farm. Hectares 2458, 2459. Partial canopy of Pyrus malus, Liriodendron tulipifera, and Liquidambar styraciflua. Collected in small grassy area, one of several among dense Rubus spp., Lonicera japonica, and Rhus radicans. Associate species: Trifolium procumbens. Higman 1120. 228. APPENDIX I. Additional Species Collected at the Chesapeake Bay Center for Field Biology During the Preparation of this Checklist POLYPODIACEAE Dryopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) Christens. Broad Beech-fern (Thelypteris hexagonoptera (Michx. ) Weatherby) Java Farm. One station: mature forest south of old entrance road, on western side of north fork of Muddy Creek, near a small tributary. Hectare 2475. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus spp., Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa, etc. Higman 1208. GRAMINEAE Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees Java Farm. One station: parking area at headquarters, in cracked pavement. Higman 911. Panicum villosissimum Nash Ivy Neck. One station: border of cornfield on Cheston Peninsula, adjacent young stand of mixed hardwoods. Higman 925. LILIACEAE Uvularia perfoliata L. ‘Merry-bells Java Farm. One station: mature forest south of old entrance road, on western side of north fork of Muddy Creek. Hectare 2493, about 50 ft. southeast of grid marker. Canopy of Fagus grandifolia, Quercus spp., Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa, etc. Higman 1247. DIOSCOREACEAE Dioscorea quaternata (Walt.) J. F. Gmel. Yam Java Farm. Infrequent in mature forest south of old entrance road, on western side of north fork of Muddy Creek. Canopy of Fagus grandi- folia, Quercus spp., Liriodendron tulipifera, Carya tomentosa, etc. Higman 1210. sce) (so) n792 Nhl ne suianiie ere ae bLo o ition “tas7x0% ete aaa Okt Fa. wat: rey aval if Tenis’ & theo |Aeer0 ybbyM To wot dzxom do ebte ret eBw Tae gugneyp etloithanry puget, 0, yqoREy aie | hOOSS, cpmg th 49,49 geotnsme3 aS SASHTHARD eae (xi IM) paaedttr9d wey Ro atetisupbaen 36 aets golds aateake ‘ond axe eal FIR peing tH ;