•^^^/-^rc? EDWARDS'S BOTANICAL REGISTER: OK, ORNAMENTAL FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERY: CONSISTING OF COLOURED FIGURES OF PLANTS AND SHRUBS, CULTIVATED IN BRITISH GARDENS; ACCOMPANIED BY THEIK i^istoij), iJest i^etiioU oC treatment in (iCiiUtbatton, JSro^^agation, $ct* AND y MONTHLY CHRONICLE ^^ OF OAKOeN BOTANICAL and HORTICULTURAL NEWS. CONTINUED By JOHN LINDLEY, Ph.D. F.R.S. and L.S. PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON, AND THE ROYAL INSTITUTION OF GREAT BRITAIN, FICE-SECRETARY OF THE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, (^C. ^C. SfC. lS 1842. I OR VOL. XXVIII. OF THE ENTIRE WORK. OR VOL. XV. OF THE NEW SERIES. viret semper- nee fronde caduc^ » Carpitur BUPLICATA DE LA BIBLIOTHEQUB ITT'coiMSERVA'T^rinE ECTivKTQUE DE GENEVE -^^VDU ExI 1322 LONDON JAMES RIDGWAY, PICCADILLY. M.DCCC.XLII.> Vol, 2? "^ ..t CATTLEYA granulSsu. Rough-lipped Cattleya. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. Orchidace^, § Epidendre^. CATTLEYA. Botanical Register, vol. ll,/ol. 953. , granulosa; caulibus teretibus gracilibus diphyllis, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis, sepalis oblongis obtusis, petalis obovato-spathulatis undulatis obtusissiniis, labello cucuUato tripartite : laciniis latei-alibus semiovatis intermedia sinu lato divulsa ungue sequilateri Isevi lamina dilatata rotun- data plicata granulosa denticulata. Of this, at present the rarest of the genus, a single small specimen exists in the garden of the Horticultural Society, where it was sent by Mr. Hartweg from Guatemala, without any intimation as to its native habits. It has a slender stem, terminated by two narrow leaves, something like those of C. bicolor, but shorter. When it flowered only one blossom was formed, such as here repre- sented ; but it will probably bear a larger number when in health. The sepals were two inches and a half long, oblong, olive green, mottled with rich brown spots. The petals were obovate, very much rounded at the point, and narrowed to the base ; wavy at the margin, and of the same colour as the sepals. Strongly contrasted with the dingy colours of those parts is the lip, of a pure white at the sides and point, and of a glowing orange spotted with crimson in the middle ; its lateral lobes curve over the column, but arc divided very deeply from the middle lobe by a wide slit ; the middle lobe itself has its surface broken up into numerous granulations, something in the way of C. guttata. The high temperature and excessive moisture which suits so well the Indian Dendrobiums is most injurious to this January, 1842. b Cattleya. A night temperature of 55" in winter and 60" in summer is quite high enough for it ; and by planting it in well drained turfy peat, and keeping it rather dry when not growing, it will be found one of the easiest to manage. ' c^-'/ ■^'rjr^e. cUU 9U: /^ ^^AxC^u^a^ %m^/.. xxvii. L. grandiflora. DeCand. Prodr. 7. 519. Few plants have, from the report of travellers, excited more interest than this ; for the beauty of the old Lesche- naultias has rendered them universal favourites, and a new species of the genus with large blue flowers could not fail to be still more ornamental. The plant in question is now laid before the readers of the Botanical Register, and its merits can scarcely be said to have been exaggerated ; for what can be more lovely than its deep azure flowers on so delicate and heath-like a foliage. If it should prove to be as profuse a bloomer as the others, it will be one of the best species re- cently acquired for gardens. If it should not, we would advise those who are in correspondence with Western Aus- tralia not to despair ; because there are other species, one too with blue flowers, the L. grandiflora of the Sketch of the Swan River Flora, which appear from the dried specimens to be loaded with blossoms of a much larger size than this. It is believed that Messrs. Lowe and Co. of the Clapton nursery had the honour of raising this plant first : it was, how- ver, earliest flowered by Messrs. Veitch & Sons of Exeter, who exhibited it before the Horticultural Society, and obtained the large silver medal for it. By one of those unfortunate coincidences which now and then occur, the last volume of DeCandolle's Prodromus, con- taining the Goodeniaceous and Stylidiaceous orders, was pub- lished about the same time as the Sketch of the Vegetation of the Swan River Colony ; and hence there are many plants in the one, described under different names in the other. Both appear to have been published at the end of 1839 ; but the Sketch was all printed in the month of November of that year, and two-thirds were actually published by December the first : while DeCandolle's Prodromus could hardly have been on sale sooner than January, 1840; no copy that we are aware of was in London before March, 1840. If so, the names in the Sketch will stand, and DeCandolle's must give way, according to the usage of Botanists in such cases. It is a hardy greenhouse plant, and as easily managed as the old L. formosa. Cuttings root freely in spring and sum- mer, if covered with a bell-glass and plunged in a mild bottom heat. The young plants ought to have their shoots carefully stopped, to enable them to send out numerous branches and form compact bushes. It grows well in a mixture of peat and vegetable mould, and would succeed well if planted out in the border of a conservatory. 3 '/IU-J_(A/U)^kj,rLU ^ulr Uj f %,ii,.,j^,^ ihC) fu.ca/idiy fo^-:'! mf if.9im//.€ijj X- * GLOSSOCOMIA ovata. Ovate Pouchhell. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Campanxjlace.'E. GLOSSOCOMIA. D. Bon. Flos Codonopseos iuvolucro orbatus caly- cisque laciniis foliaceis. G. ovata; pubescens, adscendens, foliis cordato-ovatis petiolatis, calycis la- ciniis obloiigis obtusis reflexis integerrimis. Codonopsis ovata. Benth. in Roijle's I/lustr. 253. t. GD.y. 3. Wablenbergia Roylei. Alj^h. DC. in Prodr. 7. 425. There exists in the North of India a race of climbing' or half-climbing, fetid, soft, milky plants, with campanulate flowers, dull-coloured like those of an Atropa, and evidently bringing- the Carapanulaceous and Solanaceous orders into close contact. They may be said to have the habit of Canarina on a small scale. By Dr. Wallich they were placed in a genus he called Codonopsis, in which opinion he was at one time followed by M. Alphonse DeCandolle, and by Mr. Bentham. At a subsequent period, however, the former Botanist deter- mined that one of the essential characters of Codonopsis must reside in each flower having an involucrum more or less adherent to a calyx, whose lobes are truncated. Such being the case, it became necessary to separate this and some other species, in which those characters are not found, from the genus Codonopsis. Alphonse DeCandolle in doing this transferred them to the genus Wahlenbergia, forming them into a section under the name of Megasanthes, adopted from George Don's general system of gardening. * According to D. Don this name was formed by him from yXwaaoKofxoQ a money bag, because of the resemblance of the flower to it ; a resemblance which we do not profess to recognize. >Such, howevei', being the admitted meaning of the word, it must be written Glossocomia, and not Glosocomia as it is found in books. To no part of this arrangement can I assent. Nothing can be more unnatural than to mix up these fetid, soft-leaved, scandent, lurid plants with Wahlenbergia, which in all its habits more resembles the little Cape Lobelias. It is im- possible they can belong to the same genus. As little can it be permitted that the name Megasanthes, first propounded in a work of no Botanical authority, should take precedence, whether for sectional or generic purposes, of the much older name Glossocomia, applied about twenty years since to one of the species, afterwards merged in Codonopsis, and now sepa- rated again. It may be difficult to say what the real charac- ters of the genus may be ; but it is impossible to doubt that it is different both from Wahlenbergia, and from Codonopsis as now limited. The Codonopsis lurida, described in this work in the miscellaneous matter for 1839, no. 12G, is another species of Glossocomia. Fig. 1. represents a vertical section of the three-celled ovary, showing the nature of the placenta. A pretty hardy perennial, with spindle-shaped roots ; rather pretty, much slenderer than G. lurida, but not inclined to twine like that species, and seldom growing more than one foot and a half high. It flourishes well in any good garden soil, and flowers in July. It is easily increased from seeds, treated like those of Campanula carpatica, and the more slender of that genus. •<.,.ju-. fl^ ^«!^ Lf SSiid^4i»=cy /f>$ fii'SMOMll^ ^^'f fe/^'i S. Utt'-u/xty M ONClDIUM longifolium. Long-leaved Oncidmm. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. Orchidace^, § Vande^. ONClDIUM. Botanical Register, vol. 9,fol. 727. 0. longifolium ; (CeboUetse) foliis teretibus loiigissirais difFusis, scapo erecto delist ppniculato, sepalis petalisque apiculatis obtusis concavis, labelli lobis lateralibus patentibus oblique oblongis subquadratis intermedio obovato bifido basi angustato minoribns, tuberculo basi depresso antice tricorni glabro, columnse alls sublunatis brevibus rotundatis. Botanical Register, 1841. misc. 56. Folia tripedalia, flagelliformia, prostrata. Scapus 3-4-pedalis panicu- latus. Sepala et Petala lutea sanguineo maculata ; labelhim luteum sanguineo prope basin marginatum. Under the name of Oncidium Cebolleta many very diffe- rent species exist in our gardens, among which the finest is that now figured, which, although it has the foliage of that species, is really very different, forming dense panicles, three feet long, of very large and showy yellow and brown flowers. Its leaves are often three feet long, and hang down or spread upon the ground instead of standing stiff and erect. It has been imported abundantly by the Horticultural Society from Mexico, and has flowered both in their garden and with Messrs. Loddiges. It is very handsome, and well worth growing. From all the allied species it differs in the great length of its whip-like leaves, and in the form of its labellum, whose lateral lobes are something like bird's wings in shape, while the intermediate lobe has an unusually long unguis gradually dilating into a two-lobed extremity. In cultivation it requires a warm damp atmosphere, where such plants as Cattleyas, Lselias, and Stanhopeas flourish. A temperature ranging from 55° to (^5" with artificial heat, will be quite sufficient. It will grow very well amongst turfy peat in a pot ; but we prefer suspending it in a forked block of wood, and allowing the long leaves to hang gracefully down, as they do in its native woods. If grown in this way, the cultivator must fix it firmly to the block, and pack the roots all round with turfy peat or sphagnum, and take care that it is freely watered, particularly when it is growing. Plants which are hung up in this manner are not likely to suffer from too much water. It is propagated in the usual way, b^^ division. The other species of this section are the following ; viz. 0. brachyphyllum ; foliis crassissimis brevibus erectia acutis, panicula laxa pauciflora, sepalis petalisque obovatis acuminatis longe unguiculatis, labelli lobis lateralibus patentibus ovalibus acutis intermedio reniformi emarginato loiigioribus, tuberculo tricorni subvervucoso, columuee alls sublunatis brevibus rotundatis. This is a Mexican species, with very short stiff leaves, and smaller panicles, not above eighteen inches high. 0 ascendens ; foliis erectis junceis, scapo stricto paniculate sequalibus, sepalis petalisque obovatis obtusis concavis, labelli lobis lateralibus nanis erectis intermedio reniformi emarginato, tuberculo ovato 7-dentato, columnse alis linearibus integerrimis incur vis. This is from Guatemala, and has much the habit of O. Cebollcta ; but the linear wings of the column, the small erect lateral lobes of the lip, and the many-toothed tubercle distinguish it at once. 0. CeboUeta. Supra fol. 1994. Of this there are several varieties, one of which has the back of the lip covered with crimson spots, and another has no spots at all. 0, nudum. Supra fol. 1994. 'P-/UJ^3-rnl4^ rU i^i,> /y /^^;^y/^y /6() %cr,a.,'m/ fk'>^." f /^^2 * NIPH^A obl8nga, Oblong Snow-iuort. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Gesneuace^, NIPHJSA. (Supra 1841. misc. 172.) Cali/x semisuperus, eequalis, .5-partitus. Corolla rotata, suboeqnalis ; laciniis superioribus paiilo minoribus et magis conuatis. Stamina inclusa, libera, conniventia ; 4 fertilia, subae- qiialia, antheris glabris ovatis ; quiutum sterile, carnosum, corollae dorso suo adnatum, deforme. Glandulce perigynae o. Ovarmm 1-loculare, placentis drdymis polyspermis; stigma simplex. Herba Ramondce cujusdam caides- centis facie ; foliis rugosis in verticillum approximatis, floribus axillarihus ter- minalibiisque aggreyatis candidis. N. ohloncja. Bot. Reg. 1841. misc. 1/2. Folia rugosa, ohloyirja, cordata, hirsuta, petiolata, grossk serrata, circa caulem brevein quasi verticillata. Pedunculi riihescentes, aggregati, axillares et terminalesy xuuflori, l^-2-pollicares. CoroDee vix diatnetro sesquipoUicaris lacinia: rotundatce, concavce, demvm revolutcs. Although not to be compared for beauty with the charm- ing Achimenes rosea, or the still more striking Achimenes longiflora, introduced by the Horticultural Society from Guatemala, yet our Niphsea is itself a great acquisition from the same country, where these and many more species of a similar nature were found by Mr. Hartweg. It is the more acceptable because it is one of the few instances of a pure white flower among the Gesneraceous order. In its appearance it is much like Ramonda pyrenaica, but both the form and colour of the flowers are different. In habit it approaches some of the stemless Gesneras. In structure it is very distinct from all the genera of its order yet upon record ; from Rytidophyllum, Gesnera, Gloxinia, and Achimenes in the want of a disk ; and from Mitraria and Con- * From vtipoQ snow ; in allusion to its spotless flowers. January, 1842. c radia in the rotate corolla. Conradia pumila, a plant I am unacquainted with, may be another species of Niphsea. Fig. 1. represents the tube of the corolla laid open, to shew the stamens. Fig. 2. is a vertical section of the ovary. Fig. 3. shews the ovary, as seen when divided transversely. Like many other plants from Guatemala, it seems to re- quire a temperature between that of a greenhouse and stove. In its general habits it resembles Achimenes rosea, described at page 65. It flowers in the autumn and winter, after which the stems die ofi^, and the plant remains in a dormant state until the following season. When in this state it ought of course to be kept perfectly dry, on a light warm shelf, and then when the season of rest is past, which will be indicated by the young stems making their appearance, it may be re- potted and liberally supplied with water. It forms a great number of curious imbricated scaly buds, both on the surface and under ground, by which means it may easily be multiplied in the same manner as the Achimenes ; it also strikes readily bv cuttings. Any rich light soil will do for its cultivation. W^ ^A 0Ulnf /i^^/t^ f&g %m,dM^foun " f fUi 6 LYSIMACHIA lobelioldes. Lobelia-like JLoose-strife. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord, Pbimulace^. LYSIMACHIA. Moeiich. Calyx quinquepartitus. Corolla hypogyna, subrotata, tubo brevissimo, limbo quinquepartito, explanato v. connivente. Stamina 5 v. 10, coroUse fauci inserta, quinque ejusdem laciniis opposita, fer- tilia, alterna breviora anantbera, ssepissime nulla ; filamenta filiformia, libera V. ima basi in annulum cobeerentia, antherse oblongse, biloculares, longitudi- naliter clehiscentes. Ovarium, uniloculare, placenta basilari subglobosa. Ovula plurima, peltatim ampbitropa. Stylus filiformis, stiyma obtnsum. Capsula subglobosa, stylo persistente cuspidata, unilocularis, quinquevalvis, nunc bivalvis, valvis apice demum bitrifidis. Semina plurima, orbiculata v. angulata, placentse basUaris globosee liberse foveolis semi-immersa, dorso plana, ventre convexo umbilicata. Embryo in axi albuminis carnosi rectus, umbilico parallelus. Herbee perennes, in temjyeratis hemisphcerce horealis indigence, erectcB v. j^rocKmhentes ; foliis alternis, oppositis v. integerrimis, in- terdum punctato-glandidosis, floribus axillarihus solitariis v. racemosis, nunc terminalibus spicatis v. spicato-racemosis, flatns v. albido-roseis aut piirpura- scentibus. Endlicber. L. lobelioides ; caulibus adscendentibus, foliis oppositis ovatis subserratis bre- viter petiolatis, racemis terminalibus nudis multifloris, floribus nutan- tibus, corollis campanulatis quinquepartitis sepalis acutis paulo longiori- bus, staminibus exsertis, capsulis spbsericis. Bot. Reg. 1841. misc. 150. Caulis ascendens, teres, ramosus, l-l-pedalis, ramis omnibus in racemum svhsecundum abeuntibus. Folia ovata, integra, glabra, in petiolum angustattty opposita, summis tantuin alternis. Bracteae subulatcE, pedicellis breviores. Corolla alba, basi rubescens, camptanidata, obtuse 5-Jida, calyce longior. Sta- mina exserta. Capsula sphcBvica, pisi parvi magnitudine, indehiscens, rosea, basi irregidariter rupta. Nepal, Kamaon, and other districts of Northern India produce this pretty species of Loosestrife, which was first found by Dr. Wallich's people in 1821, but which has been only recently introduced to our gardens by the Hon. Court of Directors of the East India Company, who presented seeds of it to the Horticultural Society. It is a hardy perennial, well adapted for rockwork, and similar purposes ; for although its flowers are simple and un- attractive they are very sweet-scented, and the foliage is neat, while the general growth of the plant is close but graceful. In a good season it would ripen seeds abundantly, but we fear the rainy autumn of last year has prevented it for this time. In habit the species agrees with the section called Ephe- merum, but its indehiscent fruit, bursting irregularly round the base, is at variance with all the sections of the genus. This is easily cultivated in any good garden soil, flowering during the months of July, August, September, and October. It is increased by seeds, but the seedlings will not flower before the second season ; also by dividing the old plants in the autumn. Its seeds were said to have been collected in Cashmere. '"fn(^{Z',ry: oyfbg '^h/x,iMJldU/ Seir/.ft4h. • 9'^:n?r?yAefjK^ CLERODENDRON splendens. Scarlet Glory -tree. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Verbenace^. CLEROBENDRON. Siqira vol. B.foL 406. C. splendens ; glabrum, foliis oblougis undulatis acutis basi subcordatis, pa- niculis terminalibus corymbosisj calycibus quinquedentatis immutatis, corollee laciniis oblongis subsequalibus planis tubo brevioribus, stamini- bus rectis stylo multo longioribus, stigmate bidentato. C. splendens. George Don in Ja?meson's Journal, vol. x\. p. 349. Of the many beautiful climbing- plants inhabiting the woods of Sierra Leone, and of which so few are yet in cultiva- tion, this is one of the best. Its foliage is of a deep rich green, and the flowers of a colour not inferior to that of Euphorbia splendens. It will be a stove plant, but one of the handsomest in the country. It has flowered with Mr. Knight, at his Nursery in the King's Road, where it had been sent by Mr. Whitfield, a most zealous and enterprising collector. This gentleman has favoured me with the follow- ing account of it. *' Late in the month of December, 1838, my servant, John Richards, brought to me a bunch of the flowers of the Clerodendron splendens, and afterwards took me to the spot where he found it growing wild, when I took up the root of it after much labour, as the plant was growing in a very stiff" gravelly soil. Upon further search I found several others growing in a stiff* loam that appeared to me to be in its virgin state ; at a subsequent period I proceeded to the same neigh- bourhood to obtain more plants, but I was not successful. Early in February, in 1839, I rambled, when practicable, along the south-west district of Sierra Leone, where I found it growing in greater plenty and of various colours, viz. February, 1842. d crimson, brick-dust red, orange and bicolor (crimson and white) ; the latter plant seemed to me to be more luxuriant where the soil had been broken by the liberated Africans for the purpose of cultivating the Manioc ; the other varieties become scarce where the soil had been disturbed, but in every instance, except the first plant, I found it growing in what I consider a strong loam, impregnated (from its colour and aptitude to stain linen) with a large portion of carbonate of iron, " The plant Mr. Knight has flowered, being scarlet, makes five distinct colours ; it was brouo^ht bv me from Sierra Leone in May, 1840, but I had previously sent to the Duke of Bedford all the varieties I have named, and I had hoped that they would have flowered long before Mr. Knight's, as they had had twelve months advantage, having been sent to His Grace in March, 1839, and again in July of the same year. *' When the root is shaded from the sun by the under- wood, this C. splendens attains the height of 10 to 12 feet, but if it is exposed to the sun it seldom grows more than three feet." The varieties here spoken of are probably distinct spe- cies, of which several from the same part of Africa are known to Botanists. Judging from the general character of the Sierra Leone climate, it may be expected that this species will require con- siderable bottom heat, a hot moist atmosphere while growing, and at least four months rest in a drier atmosphere after its growth is completed. Upon looking over the characters assigned to the genus Clerodendron, I have not found any mention of the singular structure of its ovary, which in this, and some other species, is as is represented at fig. 1. of the accompanying plate. That is to say, it is one-celled, with two bifid parietal pla- centae, which project into the cavity, having two ovules on each edge, and touching in the middle. At the same time there is an imperfect partition on each side, slightly projecting into the cavity opposite the commissure of these placenta?. The learned reader need not be reminded of the close approach, thus exhibited, to the structure of Martvnia. '.'Imi: i'^JroAx cCJ. ^fi^/r 4. f 5^«w^ reij i^^r.ojULL^ sF^xr v i;-,,^; ■/ ^atfjMJj 4i 8 ANEMONE rivularis. T'he Rill Anemone. POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA. Nat. ord. Ranunculace.^. ANEMONE. Botanical Register, vol. 3, fol. 200. Sect. Anemonospermos. Caryopsides ecaudatcB subcompressce . Pedicelli ex involucro plures, 1 aphylltis \-JloruSy 2-3 involucelliim bifolium g event es. DeCand. Pi'odr. 1. 21. A. rividaris ; foliis subvillosis 3-partitis, foliolis ovatis trifidis, lobulis incisis acute dentatis, involucralibus sessilibus 3-partitis, lobis lanceolatis serratis subpinnatifidis, ovariis glaberrimis, fructu liiieari acuminato mucronato. A. rivularis. Buchanan in DC. syst. 1. 211. DC. Prodr. 1. 21. Wall. cat. 4692. Royle Illustr. p. 52. A hardy perennial, growing about eighteen inches high, and requiring the same treatment as Anemone vitifolia, like which it suffers in winter more from moisture than from cold. It is easily increased by seeds, or by dividing the old plants ; but the seedlings will not blossom before the second season. It flow^ers freely from June to August. It was first raised from seeds received from Dr. Falconer of Saharunpur, but it is fre- quently now to be found in collections of seeds from the North of India. By some error this has acquired in the gardens the name of A. longiscapa, a species distributed by Dr. Wallich, under the number 4691, but not yet introduced into systematical works. That species is clearly distinguished by its kidney - shaped 5-lobed leaves, having very shaggy footstalks, and its umbellate flowers ; it in fact belongs to another section called Omalocarpus by DeCandolle, and allied to A. narcissiflora. The following character will serve to distinguish it. A. longiscapa (Wall Cat. no. 4691.); foliis junioribus villosis adultis gla- bris radical ibus longe petiolatis reniformibus 5 -lobis, laciniis 3 -lobis lobulis grnsse serratis, petiolis villosissimis, involucralibus conformibus magis incisis, floribus umbellatis. India SeptenMonalis. The species now before us occurs in various parts of the North of India ; Dr. Royle describes it as common in Mus- sooree and elsewhere, in the vicinity of water. It has no inconsiderable resemblance to the North American A. penn- sylvanica. .y/vs aid SU-i;yff^:&j-M^y^fegSriu-^,aA/J^ .5^Va*' / S.'tfi(^^'.(a^/tc 9 GODETIA albescens. Whitish Gudetia. OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Onagrace^. GODETIA, Supra vol. 22. fol. 1829. G. albescens; caule annuo lignoso, ramis brevissimis congestis, foliis albido- glaucis lanceolatis integerrimis glabris, floribus sessilibus densissime inter folia superiova aggregatis, calycis tube infundibulari laciniis eequali, petalis obcordatis calyce duplo longioribus, stigmatis lobis ovatis virescentibus, fructu oblongo 8-siilcato acuminate tereti villoso, semi- nibus subrotundis scabris. Botanical Register, 1841, misc. no. 131. (luibiisdam mutatis. A new hardy annual, not very handsome, but forming an agreeable variety, when grown among species of a more spreading habit. Like all the rest of the genus, which seems to retain the characters, by which it is known from (Enothera, it is a native of America, having been obtained from the Columbia river for the Horticultural Society, by the late Mr. More ton Dyer. Its stiff close mode of growth brings it near Qilnothera densiflora, from which, however, it is .very different in other respects. The species belongs to that section in Gray and Torrey's Flora of North America, which comprehends G. viminea, and in some circumstances it approaches their G. Arnottii, but that species is described with taper-pointed leaves, spotted flowers, a style longer than the stamens, and glabrous capsules ; the flowers are moreover said to be as large as in G. Lindleyi. Fig. I represents a seed vessel split into four valves, and fig. % a seed. In cultivation this plant grows about a foot and half high, and requires the same treatment as other hardy annuals. It may be sown in the open border in either autumn or spring, in some place where it is not exposed to the wind ; because its roots are scarcely able to keep the heavy stem erect, if the latter is much blown about. ')'I'UM ■i^-ij.t.fc/t. /iUl S^^/rly f9u.£yj^^/6C) %cucl,JU^ 9kUy/ 'S^'i. ^- i^a/uia^ f(> 10 BABINGTONIA Camphorosmee. Camphorwort Bahingtonia. ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Myrtace^, § Leptosperme^. BABINGTONIA. F lores cymoso-racemosi terminales. Cahjx tubo turbinate, cum ovario connato ; limbo supero quiuquefido persistente. CoroUce petala 5, calycis fauci inserta, ejusdem, laciniis alterna, sessilia, orbiculata. Stamina 15, ternatim sepalis opposita, iisdem breviora ; filamenta filiformia, libera ; antherce didymse, subrotundse, innatee, apice poro debiscentes. Ova- rium inferum, 3-loculare ; placentis liberis ascendentibus niultiovulatis. Stylus filiformis ex ipsa placenta ortus, per ovarii verticis foramen protrusus, obsolete trilobns, Capsula (vertice perforata). Frutices Novae Hollandice occidentalis ; foliis oppositis nervosis ; fioribus in cymidas racemosas ramos terminantes dispositis. Bahingtonia Camphorosmse. Bseckea Campborosmae. Endlicher in HugeVs Enumeratio, p. 5\. Botanical Register, 1841, misc. 140. Among the many curious plants made known to Botanists by the discoveries in the Swan River and adjacent colonies, some of the most interesting occur in the Myrtaceous order, to which a variety and extent have thus been given which could not have been anticipated. We now find in this great natural assemblage every variety of habit, except the herba- ceous ; tiny shrubs looking like heather, and monstrous trees which form the pillars of the wilderness ; aromatic fruits and hard woody seed-vessels ; a most complicated organization as in the Pomegranate, and great simplicity of fructification as in the Fringe Myrtles. Individual parts too have their own extensive variations, seeds, placenta, stamens and anthers, calyx, corolla and bracts, even the foliage itself, form a large field of study for the investigator of comparative organization. The plant before us, in the eye of the gardener, is merely a pretty shrub, rendering the greenhouse gay in autumn and winter ; but to the Botanist it presents some most remarkable features. It is not necessary to remind the readers of the Botanical Reoister that the old doctrine of deriving- the placenta, or seed-receptacle, of a plant, exclusively from the carpellary leaves is no longer tenable. The curious paper by Schykoffsky published in our last volume, and the occasional allusions to Schleiden's views of this important question have shewn very clearly that the placenta has, sometimes at least, if not very often, or even always, an independent origin. In this case each placenta rises up from the bottom of the cell in which it stands, and is supported upon a short stalk, not touching the sides of the ovary at any point ; when this is compared with what is found in Verticordia, and its allies, we must admit that even in Myrtaceous plants, many of which appear to conform best to the old theory, the placenta has really an independent formation. But a far more curious fact presents itself upon a closer examination of the ovary. The style itself is a direct pro- longation of the place?ita, and does not even touch the carpelsy hut is protruded through a hole in the vertex of the ovary. Fig. 1. shews this, and there is no doubt about the fact. So that here there is overset another branch of theory, which declares that the style is an extension and attenuation, and convolution of the apex of the carpellary leaf ; that it is often of that nature is certain ; that it is not always so is proved by the case before us. At this important fact we feel no surprise ; on the contrary, we have long searched for such an instance in the confident expectation of finding it. If our readers will refer to tab. 9. of the volume of the Botanical Register for 1840, they will see this subject distinctly ad- verted to. At that place is described, and at tab. 8. fig. 3. represented, the case of the genus Impatiens, in which it is suggested that the style of that genus is made up of two entirely different parts, viz. an extension of the carpellary leaves, and a prolongation of the placenta, which forms the stigma and upper part of the style. Allusion was also made to the imperfect cup that surrounds the stigma of Rhodo- dendron, first mentioned we believe by Mr. Bennett, but long familiar to us, and to the indusium of Goodeniacese, as other cases, in which the distinction between the carpellary and placentary parts of the style could be distinctly seen. To this we might have added Geraniacese, in which the carpel- lary part of the style hardens and rolls up, eventually leaving the prolongation of the placenta as a distinct beak. We believe ourselves now justified in stating that in numerous cases the style is formed by the matter of the placenta. How far the structure that obtains in Babingtonia may be general in Myrtacese we have not leisure to enquire ; it certainly exists in Bseckea, and probably in Callistemon also. The next point which ret|uires explanation, is our reason for regarding this plant as a genus distinct from Bseckea. The most simple way of justifying the measure is to place before the reader a copy of the character of Bseckea properly so called. In Endlicher's Genera Plantarum it is given thus : — B^CKEA. Linn. Flores axillares, sessiles v. pedunculati. Cahjx tubo turbinato, cum ovario connate, limbo supero v. semisupero, quinquefido, persistente. Corollce petala 5, calycis fauci inserta, ejusdem laciniis alterna, breviter unguiculata, orbiculata. Stamina 5 v. 10, cum petalis inserta, iisdem breviora ; filamenta filiformi-subulata, libera; antherce biloculares, longitudinaliter debiscentes. Ovarinm inferum v. semi-in- ferum, bi-tri-quinqueloculare, loculis multiovulatis. Stylus filiformis ; stigma capitatum. Capsula infera v. semisupera, bi-tri-quinquelocularis, apice loculicid^ dehiscens. Semina plurima, angulata, testa, crassa. Frutices Novce Hollandice et Asice tropicce y foliis oppositis, exstipulatis, scepissime acerosis ; floribus axillaribiis, nunc solitariis, sessilibus v. pe- dunculatis, nunc uinbellatis. Endlichev Genera, 6311. Now it must be evident that there are two material cir- cumstances in which these plants differ. In the first place, the stamens of Bseckea are equidistant, either alternately opposed to the sepals and petals, or to only one of them. Here, on the contrary, the stamens are collected in threes, opposite the sepals, and are altogether deficient opposite the petals. As a commencement of that grouping of stamens in parcels, which in some Myrtaceous plants is so remarkable, this is a character not to Idc passed lightly by. In the next place, the anthers are more like those of a Fringe Myrtle than a Bseckea, opening by pores at their apex, and not by slits along their sides ; and they are inserted on the filaments, as if the latter were half pushed into their base, instead of rising from the side of the filament ; in fact they are a mani- fest approach to the peculiar form manifest in the Melasto- maceous order. We anticipate then no difference of opinion as to the propriety of separating this plant from Bseckea pro- Fehruary, 1842. e perly so called, that is to say, from Bseckea virgata, the original species, and whatever of the New Hollanders may be found to agree with it. The distinction of this supposed Bseckea being thus as we trust established, we beg to name it in compliment to Charles Babington, Esq. F. L.S. of St. John's College, Cambridge, a most zealous and skilful Botanist. It is a greenhouse shrub, very graceful in its habit, and not difficult to cultivate. It does not seem to like a loamy soil, but grows well in rich brown peat and leaf-mould, and flowers freely during the summer from the ends of its pendent branches. Cuttings of the young wood, a little firm at the base, root very soon in sand when covered with a bell-glass in the usual way. It can be propagated any time from spring to autumn. Mrs. Molloy, a lady to whom we are greatly indebted for seeds from the Vasse River, says, that it grows there in swampy land, resembling our Spiraea frutex (Spiraea hyperi- coides), that it grows seven or eight feet high, and in summer forms a delightful shade to the traveller crossing the swamps. It was first flowered by Mrs. Wray of Cheltenham, as we have already stated at no. 140 of the miscellaneous matter for 1841. %,/y4 tij/M^iMU/ ffl'i I--1 f m'j. y '^jianeHty f- 11 AMARYLLIS Banksiana. The Banksian AinaryUis, HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Amaryllidace.e, AMARYLLIS. Supra vol. 9. fol. 714. A. Banksiana; foliis erectis obtusis glaucescentibus scapo multifloro brevio- ribus, umbella divaricata, pedunculis gracilibus floribus triple longiori- bus, perianthio atroroseo. A. grandiflora, var. 2. Banksiana. Herbert Amaryll. p. 279. t. 32. y. 2. For the inspection of this beautiful plant I am indebted to J. H. Slater, Esq., of Newick Park, near Uckfield, who imported it from the Cape. If the name quoted from Mr, Herbert is correct, the species must have been introduced many years ago, for there is a leaf and a flower of it in the Banksian herbarium from the Kew Gardens. It is certainly very near the A. grandiflora, figured at t. 1335 of this work, but the shorter peduncles seem to distinguish it satisfactorily, independently of the different colour and expansion of the flowers. It is, however, to be observed, that in our figure the inflorescence is too compact. Fig. 1. represents a vertical section of one cell of the ovary, and fig. 2. a transverse section of the whole ovary, showing, what is not uncommon in the Amaryllidaceous order, that the dissepiments merely touch each other in the axis, with- out actually uniting. It is a greenhouse plant, and grows well in a rich free soil consisting chiefly of sandy loam. The principal points to be attended to in its cultivation are to keep it in a vigorous healthy state while growing, by placing it in a light situation, and giving it plenty of water, and when the leaves die off to keep it warm and dry. It flowers in the autumn, and is multiplied by ofF-sets, or by seeds, when they can be ripened. We extract fi-om Mr. Herbert's work on the Amarylli- daceous order the following observations upon the culture of such plants as this. " I believe that the very large imported bulbs of this plant and B. multiflora may be one hundred years old. As they sprout but once a year, nothing can be done to accelerate their growth, beyond keeping them in a healthy and vigorous state : for which purpose the bulb must be kept under ground, with the neck perhaps above ground ; but of that I entertain great doubts. If the whole bulb is exposed, it im- bibes moisture from the atmosphere in the season of rest, which becomes fatal to it, and I have found the seedlings of which the neck has never been raised above ground in the safest state. A rich light loam and abundance of water in winter, perfect rest and dry heat in summer, are necessary. " I lost my bulb of A. grandiflora very soon, and I fear all that were imported at the same time have been also lost, in consequence of the dangerous practice of keeping the bulb above ground." 12 CIRRHOPETALUM Medusae. T'he Medusa' s-head Orchis. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. Orchidace^, § Malaxed. CIRRHOPETALUM. Botanical Register, 1838,^.11. C, Medusce ; pseuclobulbis ovatis tetragonis, folio oblongo couvexo emargi- nato, vaginis scapi oblongis ventricosis supremo pedunciilo longiore, floribus dense capitatis, sepalo supremo acuminato inferioribus longissi- mis pendulis, petalis triaugularibus acuminatis, labello ovato acuminato bicarinato, columnse auriculis acutis. This most singular plant is a native of Sincapore, whence it was obtained by Messrs. Loddiges. In some respects it resembles C. vaginatum, but is a much larger plant, and very- different in the form of its flowers, as will be apparent upon comparing the preceding character with our amended one of C. vaginatum given below. Certainly if ever there was a Medusa this must be the prototype, before her Gorgon- ship's beautiful tresses were changed into serpents ; nor are wanting the scales with which her form was safely guarded. We believe that this young lady was carried out of harms way into the ocean of India by Neptune, and that all they tell us about Perseus having cruelly killed her is a fable ; for is not here the proof ? Fig. 1. represents the column, petals, and labellum ; 2. is the labellum separate. To grow it well the temperature and moisture of the Orchidaceous stove is required. It may be fixed to a wooden block, and suspended from the rafters, but if treated in this manner a quantity of sphagnum, or turfy peat, ought to be packed round the stem to retain moisture. It ought never to be kept too dry, but of course it requires more water wben growing than when resting. The Cirrhopetalum vaginatuin was taken up, in the Genera and Species of Orchidaceous plants, from specimens in Dr. Wallich's Indian herbarium ; they were, however, not very good, and the inspection of living plants, in flower with Messrs. Loddiges, enables me to amend, as follows, the cha- racter formerly given of that species. C. vaginatum ; pseudobulbis pyramidatis truncatis, folio oblongo convexo emargiuato, vaginis scapi oblongis ventricosis distantibus sepalo supre- mo ovato inferioribusque longissimis peudulis ciliatis, petalis oblongis ciliatis, labello oblongo bicarinato, coluninae auriculis setaceis. From this it appears that C. vaginatum differs from C. Medusae in its flowers being ciliated, the petals oblong, not triangular and acuminate, and in the distant sheaths of the scape ; to which may be added that its flowers are not speckled with pink as in C. Medusae. iridl ^ IMh.t tiM fiJr iy /iTv^-j^ fiif %aiUt -/«»»ot / Klii 13 MAXILLA RIA cruenta. Blood-stained Maxi llaria . GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA, Nat. ord. Orchidace^, § Vande.*. MAXILLARIA. Botanical Register, vof. II. fol. 897. M. cruenta ; pscudobulbis compressis rugosis, foliis pluribus oblongis mem- branaceis, pedunculis radicalibus unifloris (raro bifloris), vaginis dis- tantibus obtusis cucullatis, sepalis ovatis obtusis lateralibus basi pariim pvoductis, petalis niinoribas conforraibus, labollo sepalis diiplo breviorc concavo trilobo laciuiis rotundatis intermedia crispa pubescente : tidiev- culo parvo piano, columna pubescente. M. Skinneri, hortorum nee Batemanni. It has been already stated (p. 11) that the plant current in our gardens under the title of M. Skinneri is not the species to which Mr. Bateman intended to apply that name, but one more nearly allied to M. aromatica. The accom- panying- figure represents the latter. It was found by Mr. Skinner in Guatemala, and sent to his friends as a large variety of M. aromatica, to which it cer- tainly bears much resemblance. The following circumstances however will readily distinguish it. The leaves are broader ; the flowers are four times as large when in health ; the lip has quite a difl^erent form, with a deep crimson blotch at its base, and is not half the length of the sepals ; the middle lobe is rounded not unguiculate, and only a small tubercle in the middle instead of the large concave appendage that occurs in M. aromatica. No doubt then can be entertained of the specific difference between these plants, which may be stated as follows for M. aromatica. M. aromatica (Hooker Ex. Flo. t. 219. Gen. & Sp. Orch. no. 20. Bot. Reg. t. 1871. Cohfx aroinaticus, Spreng ) ; pseudobulbis compressis rugosis, foliis pluribus oblongo-lanceolatis membranaceis, pedunculis radicalibus unifloris erectis, vaginis distantibus obtusis cucullatis; sepalis ovato- March, 1842. f oblongis petalisque conformibus acutis, labelli semicylindracei sepalis fequalis laciuiis lateralibus acuminatis obtusis interniediu cuiieata apico serrulata ; appeiulice magna concavu carnosa, truncata, columna facie villosa Mexico. The flowers are yellowish-orange colour, scarcely spotted even inside the lip, which has two rows of hairs along its inner face. In the annexed plate, Fig. 1. represents the lip spread open ; 2. is the column, which is hairy, although the engraver has neoflected to shew the hairs. As may be expected, the habits of this very fine species are the same as those of M. aromatica, and it requires the same treatment. It does very well in the cool orchidaceous stove, where plants from Mexico and Guatemala are now generally grown, and wants a season of dryness after it has made its pseudo-bulbs, but plenty of water during its growth. The flowering time is winter and spring. The finest specimen I have yet seen flowered with Sir C. Lemon at Carclew, where one of the flower-stalks bore two blossoms, a very unusual circumstance among the species with this habit. V- iv r!i!(,-^,»,.a^ff,ci '7?ar.cuUi^ 55%^^ / );ik'i ^W^- 14 CYNOGLOSSUM anchusoides. Bugloss-jloivered Houndstonguc. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Boraginace.e. CYNOGLOSSUM. Botanical Register, vol. 1 84 l./o/. 27. C. anchusoides ; albopubescens, foliis ratlicalibus lanceolatis longc petiolatis caulinis lincari-lanceolatis sessilibus, panicula laxa, ramis eloiigatis apice nudiusculis, sepalis linearibus obtusis tomeutosis tubo coroUrc sequali- bus, limbo corollae tubo requali, limbo campanulato, foriiicibus elongatis apice obtusti trilobis, staminibus fornicibus oequalibus, acliseniis lappa- ceis disco muricatis. A hardy perennial, growing well in rich garden soil, and flowering freely in July and August. It is easily increased from seeds sown in the ordinary way, but the plants will not flower before the second season. It was raised from seeds received from the East India Company, said to have been collected either in Cashmere or Thibet, and presented to the Horticultural Society, in whose garden our drawing was made in May, 1841. In the general appearance of the flowers this plant has quite the appearance of an Anchusa ; but its fruit is that of Cynoglossum ; surrounded with numerous stifl^barbed spines, and merely rough with hard sharp points on the disk. In this respect they are however variable, some of the nuts being merely muricated. The valves which occupy the orifice of the tube of the corolla (fig. 1.) are unusually long, and distinctly 3-lobed at the point ; they hide the stamens which stand just within them, and are completely clear of the tube. We cannot recommend this species as very ornamental ; but it is interesting to those who cultivate rare hardy herba- ceous plants. "■I.!/!:! .:' •'t.-rA:t- rM D:.,/^ ^9" Ml'., /f>.,'jtAfJ> 1 f^Ap. 9 5f^./-^:> . _ 15 STYLiDIUM Brunonianum. Brown'' s Stylcicort. GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA. Nat. Old. SxYLIDIACEiE. STYLIDIUM. Botanical Register, vol. l./o/. DO. § ToLYPANGiuM. Capsuloi ventficoscB ovotcB sjjhrei'iccc avt oljlo/i(/j^'.^ f6<:) 9mmjMy f.rf-^^ / /gift /i^«-^.y 23 CLETHRA quercifolia. Oak-leaved Clethra. Nat. ord. Ericace.e. CLETHRA, L. Calyx quiuque-partitus. Corolla hypogyna, profunde quiiique-partita, laciuiis spathulatis, conniventibus, seorsim deciduis. Sta- mina 10, hypogyna, inclusa; filamenta filiformia, antherse extrorsse, demum introrsum flexse, cordatfe, apice mucronatse, dorso muticse. Ovarium trilo- culare, loculis multiovulatis. Stylus filiformis, persistens ; stigma obsolete trifidum. Capsula calyce cincta, trilocularis, loculicid^ trivalvis, valvis medio septiferis, placentis e basi erectis, a columna centrali solutis. Semina plu- rima, testa fungosa, laxa. Frutices v. arbores, in America horeali et tropica crescentes ; foliis alternis, serratis v. rarixis integerrimis ; racemis termi7ialibus hracteatis, albidis. — Endlicher Gen. PI. no. 4320. C. quercifolia ; foliis obovato-lanceolatis acutis denticulatis basi obtusis supra rugosis subtus petiolisque toinentosis junioribus ferrugineis adiiltis in- cauis, racemis laxis congesto-paniculatis tomentosis, corollse lobis den- tatis ciliatis calyce longioribus, genitalibus inclusis. C, tinifolia. Schlecht. in Linncea, 8. 524. nee Swartzii. A handsome evergreen green-liouse shrub, with delieiously fragrant flowers, inhabiting the neighbourhood of Jalapa in Mexico. Our specimens were supplied by the Honourable and Very Reverend the Dean of Manchester, in March, 1841. That it is Schlechtendahl's CI. tinifolia I know from com- paring it with authentic specimens from himself. That it is not C. tinifolia of Swartz I have ascertained from specimens collected in Jamaica by Masson, and now in my herbarium. That plant has lucid, very obtuse, perfectly entire leaves, very much closer racemes than this, smaller flowers, and is the same as Hartweg's No. 488, which Mr. Bentham regards as C. mexicana of DeCandolle. To those plants the name is strictly applicable, for the leaves are very like the Laurestinus j to this it is not at all applicable, for' the similarity of the leaves is rather with some Mexican Oak. It differs from C. mexicajia, chiefly in its acute leaves, alwavs more or less toothed at the margin, circumstances not occurring in the specimens from Hartweg numbered 341, re- ferred by Mr. Bentham to that species, but which I regard as entirely different from the No. 488 above alluded to ; and at variance with the specific character of DeCandolle, with which the No. oil perfectly agrees. It may however be a mere variety of that species, which was found in the cold dis- tricts about Bolanos, while CI. quercifolia comes from the warmer climate of Jalapa. It is in some respects very like CL Brasiliensis, or at least the supposed variety which Loiseleur has called C. scabra, but the leaves of that species are much more lanceo- late, and the flowers are not a quarter the size, and in dense racemes. It is not hardier than C. arborea, and requires the same treatment, growing freely if planted in any good garden soil w4iich is rather light. It is easily increased either by layers or seeds. ^A&(M 'f'^M/r 4, yj^.i'/^^cz^ /6i.) 'i^MMciuj^ ^*./ /: / •< 1) 24 * MINA lobata. Lobe-leaved Mina. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. Ord. CONVOLVULACEiE. MINA, Llave ^ Lexarza. Calyx brevis, nudus. Corolla hypocrateri- formis, tubo brevi intruso, limbo campanulato pentagono ventricoso margine 5-lobo. Stamina insequalia, tubo inserta, exserta. Ovarium 4-loculare ; ovulis solitariis ; stigma capitatum. lA.exhSi Mexicana, subvolubilis ; racemis furcatis ; floribus secundis erectis. Mina lobata. La Llaoe ^ Lexarza nov. veg. descr. 1. ^j. 3. It is not a little singular that this beautiful plant, culti- vated by the Mexicans for purposes of decoration, and therefore one would imagine common, should have never reached Europe till last year, when a packet of seeds, pre- sented to the Earl of Burlington by Geo. Frederick Dickson, Esq., produced it in the gardens at Holker. It was after- wards given to the Horticultural Society by his Lordship, but, being an annual, it perished, having only produced two seeds, which we fear were imperfectly ripened. They have been sown, and if it is possible to get them to grow, the species may yet be preserved, and it will doubtless be easily multiplied by cuttings in the early part of the year. Take away the flowers of this curious plant, and no one would suspect it to be anything more than some common Ipomsea ; but remove the leaves, and it loses all appearance of the Convolvulaceous order, so unusual is it among such plants to have racemose flowers, erect, and arranged almost in the scorpioid manner of a Borage, to say nothing of the uncom- mon form of the corolla, and its peculiar colour, at first rich * Named after Don Francisco Xavier Mina, a Mexican minister. K. crimson, but changing through orange to pale yellow as the blossoms unfold. Botanists, unacquainted with this plant except from La Llave's good description, have referred it to the genus Qua- moclit, with which it doubtless corresponds in many respects, especially in the structure of the ovary and stigma. But in that genus, that is to say in the legitimate species, of which the old Ipomsea Quamoclit must be regarded as the type, the flowers are arranged in the manner common to the majority of the order, and the limb of the corolla is as usual flat when expanded. Here, on the contrary, we have quite a peculiar inflorescence, and the limb of the corolla inflated into an oblonof 5-cornered bao", the base of which is so much thrust inwards by the tube as to hide that part from mimediate view. Considering what the characters are on which the recognized genera of the Convolvulaceous order are esta- blished, it certainly appears to me that this genus Mina must be recognized. SJ/.v/t c/r-U "'^U- '^/ yy'^~c<7^^'< Are these distinct? %Mli£>^MU ,«V >V ^/ f J^.aJ.i/^ii^ /% ^.tfc^^ Mz.^ / f^it ? 3?a/t«iy ^. 26 JASMlNUM caudatum. Tail-leaved Jasmine. DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA'. Nat. ord. Jasminace/E. JASMlNUM. Supra vol. I. fol. 89. J. caudatum ; scan dens, glabrum, foliis oppositis ternatis, foliolis ovato-lan- ceolatis long^ acuminatis petiolulatis, paniculis cymseformibus terniina- libus niultifloris, pedicellis filifonnibus, calyce subtruncato acute quin- quedentato, corollse limbo 5-partito tubo breviore : laciniis oblongo-line- aribus obtusiusculis. J. caudatum, Wallich cat. herb. ind. no. 2884. Frutex gracilis, glaherrimus, scandens. Folia nunc, sed rarissime, simplicia, solito trifoliata, petiolo had 1 pollicem longo; petiolidis admodiim hremoribus ; foliolis lateralibus tripollicaribus, intermedia longiore, in caudam sceph spiralem acuminatis. Floras magni, candidi, inodori. A very handsome, but scentless, Jasmine, inhabiting the warm valleys of the Sylhet niountains, whence it was intro- duced into the Botanic Garden, Calcutta. The only place in which the name exists, as far as I can discover, is Dr. Wallich's Catalogue of the Herbarium of the East India (Company, and Steudel's Nomenclator; a descrip- tion of it I find nowhere. It is a graceful, healthy looking plant, with deep green, handsome leaves, which are tapered into very long narrow points, whence the name it bears has been given to it. Although the flowers have none of the perfume of the Jasmine, the masses of them, snow-white, and large, render it a hand- some species well worth having. It requires the temperature of a cool stove, where it grows and flowers in great luxuriance. It is well adapted either for planting out in the l)order of the stove and training up the rafters, or for twining round stakes in a pot. The soil which it seems to like is a mixture of loam, leaf mould, and rotten dung, but it will grow in any free soil. It is easily multiplied by taking off cuttings of the young wood, planting them in sand, and plunging the pots in bottom heat. ^7 ^2'ya^ rji/ i^M-iy f^ ^iJ^^u: f^Spi '.'f.rmMuj. 31 ACHIMENES pedunculatu. Long -stalked Achimenes. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Gesnerace.e. ACHIMENES. Botanical Register, 1841. ^. 65. k. pedunculata; caule erecto simplici pubescente, foliis parCim inaequalibus petiolatis oblique cordato-ovatis serratis supra sparse pilosulis subtt\s ad venas pubescentibus, peduuculis subbifloris folio lougioribus calycibusque pubescentibus, corolla nutante infundibulari elongata, limbi laciniis planis supreniis niinoribus. A, pedunculata. Bentham hi Plant. Hartioeg. p. 78. no. 546. • The shady woods of Santa Maria, in Guatemala, produced this fine species for Mr. Hartweg, who forwarded it to the Horticuhural Society. It flowered for the first time in September 18il. In appearance it is more like a Gesnera than an Achi- menes, but, if the limits assigned to these genera by DeCan- dolle are the true ones, Mr. Bentham has rightly placed it in Achimenes. For it has a cup-shaped disk and distinct anthers which appear to be among the most important attri- butes of the latter genus. Jt has too the thin soft foliage of Achimenes instead of the thick coarse leaves of a Gesnera. In a cultivated state the appearance of this species is much improved. The wild specimens have larger leaves and smaller flowers, and look like drawn up plants pulled out of a thicket where they had been struggling with darkness and a scanty soil for their existence. In the hothouse the flowers are more numerous, larger, and of a peculiarly deep scarlet, richly marked with rows of crimson spots. It is a good addition to collections. Jme, 1842. n It was introduced at the same time as A. longiflora and A. rosea, and requires much the same treatment as those species. The stems die off after it has done flowering in the autumn, and then the pot in which the bulbs are ought to be kept perfectly dry until spring, when they should he re-potted in fresh soil and kept moist. They will soon grow vigorously, and will then require a liberal supply of water. Any light rich soil will sujt them, and they may be grown in a house a little warmer than a common greenhouse, but not so hot as a stove. Like the other species it may be multiplied abundantly either by parting the scaly bulbs in spring, or by striking the young shoots. The period of flowering is summer and autumn. 3^ ^> fy -f ^^'//^^^ f^rj ^o^/ijr S^f^ / Z^-' > J^.a^cloc^ iS-c 32 ERIA poly lira. Many -tailed J^ria. GYiVANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. Orchidace^ § Malaxed. ERIA. Botanical Register, vol. W.fol. 904. E. polyura (Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1841. misc. 144.) (Tonsse.) ; caule elongato folioso, foliis lanceolatis acutis patentibus strratis, spicis oppositifoliis miiltifloris nutantibus foliis aequalibus v. brevioribus, bracteis ovario dupl6 brevioribus adpressis, sepalis petalisque ovatis acutis erectis laevibus, labello cordato ovato acuto basi bicai-inato. Of the now very numerous species of Eria this is one of the more graceful, producing from the sides of long leafy fleshy stems a profusion of delicate tails of flowers, each nearly six inches long. The flowers resemble little semitransparent bells just tinged with pink, and having a rich purple and vellow centre. The latter appearance arises from the labellum, which is ovate, heart-shaped, and a rich port- wine purple, with a bright yellow tip. Mr. Cuming found it in Manilla, and sent it to Messrs. Loddiges, with whom it flowered in October 1841. Eria floribunda, to which it nearly approaches, differs in having smaller flowers, erect racemes, and a narrow wedge- shaped lip, with a solitary tooth on each side. It is a plant of the easiest cultivation, but requires a hot damp atmosphere, such as that of an Orchidaceous house where Dendrobiums and such plants flourish. The general treatment ought to be the same as is given generally to the extensive race to which it belongs. ''injs ^': f'>/llr /^u J''!/?u,,/yyMJy^ACj ^u-^jm/jM/^ f/J/T/'. / fSv-'i y IB'^/'COxi/ fC 33 MIMOSA Uruguensis. The Ui'uguay Mimosa. POLYGAMIA MONCECIA. Nat. ord. Leguminos^, § MiMOSEiE. MIMOSA. Botanical Register, vol. 1. t. 25. Sect. III. Amerta, Flores tetrameri v. ssepe pentameri. Stamina numero petalorum dupla. Legumen pleiospermum v. polyspermum, intus trans- verse septatum v. imiloculare, valvulis planis v. convexis, indivisis. — Frutices, arbores v. rarius lierbse. Petioli glandulis orbati et rarius inter pinnas setosi. Phm/4- £^^i/ fP4i 9/!&«^t«)j. 34 HELLEBORUS orientalis. Eastern Hellebore, POLYANDRIA PENTAGYNIA. Nat. ord. Ranunculace.e. HELLEBORUS. Botanical Register, vol. 19. t. 1G43. H. orientalis; foliis radicalibus pedatisectis, floralibus sessilibus palmatis, laciniis lanceolatis serratis basi sejunctis integerrimis, pedunciilis bifidis trifidisque, scpalis subrotuiido-ovatis acutis petaloideis candidis purpu- rascentibus. II. orientalis. Decand. Syst. 1. 317. H, officinalis. Fl. Grceca, t. 583. A poison so deadly as that which the ancients called Black ilellebore would naturally attract the attention of the moderns; and accordingly, from a very early period, a plant, occurring plentifully in the middle of Europe, and as far south as Laconia and Mount Athos, has been selected as the classical species. That is what we call the Christmas Rose, or Helle- borus niger, and there is nothing in the brief description given by Dioscorides at variance with it, except that he calls the flowers €fX'jrop(f)vpa or purplish, which can hardly be said of the Christmas Rose, which is white. It is however the opinion of Botanists that in reality the Black Hellebore of the ancients was not the Helleborus niirer, but another species, called by some H. orientalis, by others H. officinalis, which we have now the opportunity of figuring. The roots that produced it were gathered on the Bithynian Olympus by Mr. Sandison, H. M. Consul at Brusa, and sent to the Horticultural Society. In its purplish flowers it cor- responds with the description of Dioscorides, and is probably the plant he wrote of. No doubt it is what Tournefort found (Voyage^ p. 474) in that country, and recognized as the poison of the ancients. We do not however find any trace of hairiness on the underside of the leaves, which DeCandoUe speaks of; on the contrary they are perfectly smooth. No doubt this is hardy, although, on account of its great rarity it has at present been kept in the greenhouse. If so, and it should flower at the same time as the Christmas Rose, as is probable, it will be a welcome addition to our collections. In the greenhouse it flowers in February and March, and requires rather a damp shady situation, with peaty soil to grow in. It is easily increased either by dividing the old plants, when sufficiently large, or by seeds, which should be sown directly they are ripe. 53 'jMSjrn^. <&i. ^ i,/ f^jdYM-fUf M) &/^-.«/^jSs//6-ii 35 HABRANTHUS pratensis. - Meadow Hahj'anthus. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Amaryllidace^. HABRANTHUS. Botanical Register, vol. \Q. t. 1345. H. 2)}'atensis ; foliis linearibus viridibus dorso convexis, umbella 2-3-flora, perianthio (coccineo) campanulato apice revoluto subobliquo vix tubato, filamentis basi extus glaiidulosis, appendicibus faucis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis, stigmate subsimplici. H. pratensis. Herb. Amatyllid. jJ- 159. Amaryllis pratensis. Popjng Synops. p. b. For an acquaintance with this beautiful plant I am obliged to C. B. Warner, Esq. who received its bulbs from South Chile. It has a peculiarly brilliant appearance, on account of the contrast between the rich yellow at the bottom of its flowers and bright crimson of their limb. It altogether reminds one of the Hippeastra of the warm provinces of Brazil. It is upon the authority of the learned Dean of Manches- ter that I refer it to the Amaryllis pratensis of Poppig, who says it occurs in the meadows of South Chile, near Antuco ; but I have nevertheless some doubts of the identity of the plants, for the species of Poppig is described with glaucous leaves and serrated faucial appendages, while in that before us the latter are entire and the former green. These faucial scales are unusually large in the subject of our plate, and in fact rival what occur in the curious genus Placea (t. 50. 1841). They are of the same nature as the coronet or cup of Narcissus, but whether or not they also represent the thick ring on the throat of Hippeastrum, and the cup of Pancratium may be doubted. June., 184'2. o It seems to like a light loamy soil to grow in, and sends up the flower-stems and leaves early in spring. After the flower fades the plant ought to be grown in a light situation and freely watered, in order that it may be able to perfect its leaves. When these are fully formed and die off, it ought to be removed to a dry shelf and kept there until the period of growth comes round, when it can be watered and treated as before. Young bulbs are formed round the old one every season, by which it can be propagated. 36 V/Ujf^tojtaaii/'' %^ In^ f%.d,faruf fiC) 9AM«i,Uy f'JTM, / Ml >' %m-a^ay a; 36 CCELIA Bauerana. Mr. Bauer s Ccella. GYNANDRIA MONANDBIA. Nat. ord. Orchidace.e, § Epidendre^. CCELIA. Lindl. Sej)ala distincta, conniventia, subsequalia : lateralibus basi obliquis. Petala subaequaKa. Lahellum cum columna subparallelum, apice patulum, basi excavatum, indivisum. Columna nana, erecta, semiteres, basi paido producta ; stigmate rotundato excavate prominente, rostello inflexo. Anthera ovata, bdocularis. Pollinia 8, quaternatim materie pulverea in 2 paribus cohserentia. Ovarium 9-alatum. Herbse epiphytes pseudobulbosce, basi squamatcB ; foliis gramineis subplicatis, scapo radicali sqiiamato, bracteis longissimis. C. Bauerana (L. 36. Bauer's Illustrations, Genera, t. 3. Epidendrum tripte- ricm, Smith. Cymbidium tripterum, Swartz.) ; foliis gramineis raceme multo longioribus, bracteis floribus subsequaKbus, labello unguiculato ovato obtuse margiue calloso. The West Indies and Mexico produce this little epiphyte, which, although white and inconspicuous, is, like our own Lily of the Valley, so sweet that it must take precedence of most of its race. No Hawthorn hedge is more fragrant than a bed of this Coelia. The genus was founded upon a drawing made in February 1810 by the late Mr. Francis Bauer, and published in his illustrations of Orchidaceous plants. In that place the pollen- masses were represented as being four in number, and concavo- convex, so that, lying in pairs side by side, each pair formed a hollow body narrower at back than in front. It was by this circumstance that the name of the genus was suggested (from kolXos hollow). To my very great surprise, however, I find, upon examining the plant myself, which I have now for the first time been enabled to do by the communication of a fresh specimen from Mr. Rogers, that no such structure as that represented by Bauer exists. On the contrary the pollen-masses are eight in number, placed in fours in double pairs, and of the supposed hollowing out no trace is discover- able; but they are as usual planoconvex, and are bound together by a powdery strap. The whole character of the genus has in consequence to be changed, as well as its position in the arrangement, which is not very far from Eria. In consequence of the erroneous representation given in Bauer's illustrations, the analyses in the accompanying plate are more than usually copious. Fig. 1. represents the column and labellum seen in profile ; 2. is the upper side of the label- lum ; 3. is the back of the column ; 4. is the anther seen from above ; 5. is the eight pollen-masses seen in front ; 6. is two pairs in their true position ; 7* is a transverse section of the ovary. I never saw this plant growing so well as when cultivated in a cool stove, and suspended from the rafters on a block [of wood. Almost all who grow many of this tribe are now dividing those which require a hot temperature from others which grow best in a cooler place. Amongst the latter, therefore, this should be placed, and it will grow and flourish with little care. It grows fast and is easily multiplied. Only one more species of this genus is known, and has been largely imported ft'om Guatemala. It has red flowers, and is a far more conspicuous plant than this. The following is its character : — C. macrostachya (Lindl. in Bentham pi. Hartweg.) ; pseudobnlbis ovatis, foliis ensiformibus plicatis, racemo longissimo multifloro, bracteis lineari- lanceolatis acuniinatissimis squarrosis, labello lanceolate basi bisaccato. Guatemala. FoUa pedalia et ultra, racemo 6-8-poll. longo. Scapus basi squamis 3-4 ventricosis adpressis vaginatus. ■f Ju/ /y ^' >f'«^/««y ^'9 ywuy(^>jj'f /■"/f f ^^^'if- 38 ARUNDINA densa. Close-flowered Meedorchis. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. Ord. OaCHIDACEiE § EpiDENDREiE. ARUNBINA. Blume. Sepala lineari-lanceolata, eequalia, patula, basi- bus paululum connatis. Petala conformia, latiora, Labellum circa, colmnnam convolutum, trilobura v. integrum, medio cristatum aut lamellatum, Columna recta, cum labello parallela, semiteres, clavata. Anthera 4-loculans, trun- cata, rotundata. Pollinia 8, asqualia, materia granulosa cohserentia. Stic/ma fornicatum, prominens, sublobatum. Herbse caulescentes, arimdinis facie ; foliis distichis ensiformihus aciiminatis plieatis. Flores terminales, membrana- cei, purpurei, speciosi. densa; labello obovato-subrotuudo quadrilobo apiculato laciniis rotundatis, lamellis 3 subsequalibus crispatis rectis, petalis oblongis, foliis subaequa- libus. Supra misc. no. 26. Of the fine Oriental genus Arundina we now possess two species in gardens, this and A. hambusifolia. Two only, A. chinensis and minor remain to be introduced; the former is found on the islands near Macao, the latter is from Ceylon. The species now figured is a native of Sincapore, whence it was sent to Messrs. Loddiges by Cuming ; among whose dried plants however I do not find it. It differs from A . hambusifolia in its leaves being nearly equal, and not gra- dually diminishing into small sheaths as they approach the flowers : and in the flowers being very closely, but loosely, arranged ; and in the small size of the middle lobe of the lip, which is almost blended with the large lateral lobes. There is a diff'erence too in the crested veins of the lip, which are all three crisped in A. densa, while the middle one is straight and even in A. bamhusifolia. The peculiar habit of this genus renders it easy to recog- nize. In structure it is near Phaius, from which it differs July, 1842. P in the want of a spur to the lip, and in its column not being at all extended at the base into a foot. Fig. 1. represents the lip spread open ; 2. is the column ; 3. the two sets of pollen-masses. Not only are the flowers of this very handsome, but they emit a most agreeable perfume. It requires to be grown in the orchidaceous stove. It should be potted in brown turfy peat, and should have the pot well drained. Water ought to be liberally given, particularly when it is growing freely, and at all times it requires more than plants with large pseudo-bulbs, and will suffer much if it is withheld for any length of time. ^'4 /i^'^-'^/a^ ^^ ^««^ ^ ^^-2 9.'!^'MctayHi 38* PHILADELPHUS mexicamk Mexican Syringa, ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nut. ord. PhiladelphacejE. PHILADELPHUS, Botanical Register, 1838, ^ 14. V.mexicanus; ramis laxis pubescentibus dependentibus, foliis ovatis acutis- sime acuminatis remote et argute denticulatis integerrimisve triplinerviis siibtus hirtellis supra dein glabris, floribus solitariis ternisve in apicibus ramulorum, calycis obconici dense pubescentis laciniis ]at^ ovatis quasi mucronato-acuminatis, stylis 4 ad basim fere liberis stamina subsequan- tibus (petalis subrotundis). Schlecht. in Linncea, vol. 13. p. 418. This new half-hardy, or perhaps hardy, shrub has been introduced by the Horticultural Society from Mexico, by the assistance of Mr. Hartweg, It forms a small bush, with weak branches, and has the merit of being an excellent plant for forcing. I refer it to the P. mexicanus of Schlechtendahl, but with some doubt, for that author says his styles are almost distinct to the base, which is by no means the case here. I perceive however no difference between the garden plant and his own specimens, now before me, except that they are, as he says, double, and that may account for the disunion of the styles. It is cultivated at Jalapa, and grows wild in the hedges there ; also at Oaxaca and the city of Mexico, according to Schlechtendahl. Hartweg found it at the Hacienda del Carmen, which is mentioned in the Linnasa as the locality of Philadelphus afRnis, a species with 5-flowered racemes, and therefore very different from this. Schlechtendahl is probably right in regarding this plant as the Acuilotl or climbing aquatic of Hernandez ; at least his figure is a fair representation of it. This old author speaks of it as an inhabitant of wet and marshy places, creep- ing along the ground or scrambling up neighbouring trees ; and he compares the plant when in flower to a Musk Rose. He says an essence is distilled from the flowers which is very sweet and agreeable. This is in cultivation the smallest of all the species yet known, not growing more than two feet high. It is sub-ever- green, and rather tender, being sometimes killed to the ground by the severity of winter. It flowers freely about the end of June, if planted in the ordinary garden soil, and strikes freely from cuttings of the half-ripened shoots. '£)'r^*.A':M :^>//r ^ ff^uy^ra.Y fy(^ ^iwoadlJi^/ ^^y < /m y.V:^x^rla^ ^ 39 * HYDROTiENiA Mele'agris. Spotted Waterband. MONADELPHIA TBIANDRIA. Nat. ord. Iridace^. HYDROT^NIA, Lindl. Perigonium campanulatum, subisomerum ; petalis uuguiculatis supra unguem zona triangulari multiflora fasciatis. Sta- mina 3, monadelplia sepalis opposita ; anthercB sessiles, basifixse, loculis cou- nectivuni margiuantibus. Ovariuin apice liberum conicum ; ovula plurima, angulo central! loculorum inserta ; stylus filiformis, apice trifidus : laciniis tripartitis linearibus convolutis : intermedia nana antlieris opposita lateralibus geminatim inter antheras projicientibus. Hydrotaenia Meleagris. Botanical Register, 1838, misc. no. 128. A full account of this very rare and curious plant is given in the volume of this work for 1838 ; the accompanying figure will complete its illustration. It was taken from a plant which flowered last summer in the garden of the Horti- cultural Society. Although in reality allied very closely to the genus Sisyrinchium it has quite a different habit, imitating as it were the Fritillaria in the Amaryllidaceous order. Its appearance is by no means attractive, but the interior of the flower, when carefully examined, will be found to exhibit beauties of no common kind. The curious watery band, which glitters as if covered with dew, or as if constructed out of broken rock crystal, is one of the most curious objects I know. The stigmata too are extremely remarkable ; each divides into two arms, which are rolled up as if forming a gutter, with a dense mass of bright papilla? at the end, and a single tooth on the inner edge ; between the arms stands a * Is named from vcwp water, and Tcuma a band, in allusion to tlie bar of shining water-like tissue which is placed on the petals in the form of two sides of a triangle. short mucro which is free from glands, and forms a minute horn. It is by the union of 3 such stigmata that the nine lobes of the style are produced. Fig. 1 . represents a petal seen from within ; 2. is a view of the column, and 3. of the style and stigmata apart. Hydrotsenia is a greenhouse bulb of which the cultivation is extremely simple. The pots in which it is kept ought to receive no water after the leaves have withered in autumn, until they begin to grow again in spring. A dry shelf in the greenhouse is an excellent place to keep it during the winter. When it commences its growth it ought then to be placed in a light situation, and to be watered gently at first and then freely afterwards, when it will soon form its leaves and flowers. It succeeds perfectly in equal parts of loam, leaf- mould and sand, and is multiplied by offsets or seeds. %M1 >- % a/xx^U^ jc 40 GESNERA longifolia. Long -leaved Gesnera, DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Gesnerace.e, GESNERA. Supra 1841, tab. 63. G. longifolia ; caule lierbaceo crasso tereti tomentoso, foliis oppositis et sub- alternis petiolatis lanceolatis crenato-serratis utrinque angustatis, pedi- cellis ad axillas foliorum summorum fasciciilato-verticillatis unifloris pe- tiole paulo longioribus in racemum termiualem dispositis, corolla cylin- draceo-ventricosa villosa : limbo regulari, glandidis 5 linearibus, stami- nibus inclusis. Botanical Register, 1841, misc. 190. This is a remarkable species, with more the habit of G. allagophylla than of such species as G. faucialis, bulbosa, and the others commonly cultivated. It grows about two feet high, and is closely covered by a dense grey down. The leaves grow in stems, and are sometimes eight or nine inches long, of a lanceolate form, thick, petiolate, serrated towards the upper end, and by no means wrinkled. The flowers are pro- duced .in long close cylindrical terminal whorled racemes, three or four growing together from the axils of short floral leaves. The corollas are brick red, about an inch long, some- what cylindrical, but inflated above the middle, with a short 5-tootlied spreading limb, whose divisions are all of the same size and form. There is no trace of the obliquity which occurs in G. bulbosa and its allies. The ovary is half supe- rior, and surrounded by five yellow tooth-shaped glands tipped with red. It is a native of Guatemala, whence it was sent to the Horticultural Society by Mr. Hartweg. Nothing can be more easy than its cultivation ; for it requires the same management as is given to such plants as Gloxinia maculata. It is increased from the young shoots, which should be treated in the following way : when they are two or three inches long take them off and put them in pots filled in the ordinary way with sand ; give a little water to settle the cuttings, and cover them with a bell-glass. Then place the pots on a w^arm flue, or, if in summer, on a warm shelf in the stove, shading them from the sun by placing a sheet of paper over the glasses ; they will soon root freely, and may be trans - ferred to small pots filled with a mixture of sandy peat and leaf-mould unsifted. They will afterwards require shifting and plenty of water during the growing season ; after which they should be rested by gradually withholding the supply of water. %^ Bwj^ ,