ae wee ore a ‘ ee, xe se ‘s) 2 eae Poo o oe, os A 2, eee, AON oe ins Po tte *, a » + Aine 5 “ it ry NS *, wih, * » . sacs . Py fey Pk A) + aS ‘ ws 5 hag ty F. LL. Englebert, Des Moines, Ia., writes that he hasfound Caustic Potash very effective in removing embryoes, and says: “Dissolve in water to form a solution, and insert into the egg by means of a blowpipe or syringe, the process being repeated, after washing out each egy before each insertion, until the embryo is all eaten and removed, and being ani- mal matter, is easily acted upon and dissolved by the potash. Great care must be taken, however, not to allow any of the solution to get upon the hands or into the mouth, as it has. about the same effect as lye, but is not so dangerous to handle. I have seen it successtully used for several seasons. past, and used it with success myself last season.” HGGS Or Nortru AMERICAN Brrps BY CHAS. J. MAYNARD. ILLUSTRATED WITH TEN HAND-COLORED PLATES. ore oe ‘ \ 1238 65. g BOSTON: oy DE WOLFE, FISKE & CO. 1890. COPYRIGHT, 1889, BY Dk Wore, Fisk& & Co. ~ 0 EE =i j } 7 ¢ ; BO eayiriea oy f vv igi, f * “re tis , if a) RILZY wey” yt > y i WSS As C. J. PETERS & SON, TYPOGRAPHERS AND ELECTROTYPERS, 145 HIGH STREET, Boston. INTRODUCTION. THE present work on the Eggs of North American Birds em- bodies the results of my studies on this subject during the past thirty years. During this time, many thousand speci- mens have been examined and notes made on them. Besides this, I have, when necessary, supplemented my own observa- tions with those of others, and have consulted all available works upon the subject for this purpose. But, unless so stated, I am responsible for the descriptions. I have deemed it quite unnecessary to:repeat descriptions of the eggs of allied species where the differences in the average specimens are indistinguishable, but have simply stated this fact. All of the names of the species and snb-species of birds which occur within the prescribed limits are included in the work ; and, even if their eggs are unknown, the breeding range, when known, is given. No eggs are described unless the iden- tification of the specimen is absolutely correct. In the matter of nomenclature, [ have followed that of the Ainerican Ornithologists’ Union; hoping. thereby to secure un- changing uniformity of names, Whilé- the boundary lines estab- lished by that body are also used as defining the limits of the North American avifaunsa. I have, however, made a few minor changes, where I have personally differed im opinion as to the specific or sub-specific rank of certain birds. The changes, however, are few and unimportant, as | have not considered a iii iv INTRODUCTION. work of this description exactly a fit place for the free ex- pression of any ideas that I may chance to have upon these subjects. As plates wherein eggs of each species of bird could be rep- resented would not only make a very expensive work, but would also be unnecessary, [ have only figured what I consider type eggs, not of groups of birds, but of types of the forms and patterns of coloration of North American Eggs. These plates have been carefully colored by hand, by Mrs. Maynard, from the eggs. The dimensions of the eggs are in inches and hundredths - of inches, and usually the measurement of the largest and smallest specimens in a large series is given. The appearance of this work is the actualization of one of the projects that I have had in mind for many years, and in its completed state I now preseut the volume to the public. In closing, I take pleasure in thanking my many friends for their repeated acts of kindness to which this and my other works owe their success. C. J. MAYNARD. NEWTONVILLE, MASA. August 1, 1889. THE EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. ORDER I.—PYGOPODES. Diving Birds. Eggs, extremely variable in form and color, either plain or spotted. Nesting habits, dissimilar. Famity I.— PODICIPID4. Grepss. Eggs, oval, bluish green, covered with a chalky incrustation, which in the freshly deposited egg is white, but quickly be- comes stained. Nests, composed of a mass of weeds, grasses, etc., placed in the water. ; 1. WestErRN Gress, 2chmophorus occidentalis. Eggs, 3, 4, or 5; 2.25 + 1.50 to 2.35 + 1.55. The largest of the Grebes. Breeds throughout Western America, eastward to Manitoba, in early June. 2. Hotsety’s Grese, Colymbus holbcllit. Eggs, 8 to 10; 1.35 + 2.00 to 140 + 2.10. Breeds throughout extreme Northern North America and Greenland, late in June. 3. Hornep Grese, Colymbus auritus. Eggs, 4 to 6; 1.15 + 1.70 to 1.20 + 1.75. Smaller in size than those of No. 6. Breeds throughout North America from Northern United States, northward, late in June. 4. American Earep Gress, Colymbus nigricollis californi- cus. Egos, 4 to 6; 1.70 + 1.80 to 1.18 + 1.33. Breeds throughout Northern and Western North America west of the Mississippi Valley, late in June. 5. St. Dominco Grese, Colymbus dominicus. Eggs, un- known, but they must be the smallest of all Grebes’ eggs. I Ds EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. Breeds in Texas, Southern California, South America, south to Paraguay, and West Indies. 6. Pirp-BitLeD Gresr, Podilymbus podiceps. (Type, Plate I.) Eggs, 4 to 7; 1.15 + 1.65 to 1.25-+-1.85. The most common species. Breeds throughout North America and South America, Buenos Ayres, West Indies, and Bermudas, late in June in the more northern localities. Famty II.— URINATORIDAS. Loons. Eggs, deep greenish-brown, varying individually in intensity of color, spotted and blotched with very dark brown. Nests, composed of a mass of grass, weeds, etc., placed in marshy places near the water. 7. Loon, Urinator imber. (Type, Plate I.) Eggs, 2 or 3; 2.15 -L 3.50 to 2.35 + 3.85. Breeds throughout the Northern States, northward, during the early part of June. 8. YELLow-BILLED Loon, Urinator adamsii. Eggs, indis- tinguishable from those of No. 8. Breeds in Arctic America, west of Hudson Bay. 9. Buack-rHroaTED Loon, Urinator arcticus. Eges, 2 or 3; 1.90 + 2.90 to 2.60 + 3.00. Smaller than those of No. 1. Breeds in northern part of Northern Hemisphere, in early June. 10. Pacirtc Loon, Urinator pacificus. Eggs, 2 or 3; 1.85 + 2.10 to 1.95 + 2.80. Breeds on Northern Pacific coast of North America, in June. 11. Rep-ruroaten Loon, Urinator lume. Eggs, 2 or 3; 1.75 + 2.65 to 1.90 + 3.00. Breeds in northern part of Northern Hemisphere. Famiry IJI.— ALCIDZ. Avxs, Murres, and Purrins. Eggs, pyriform, occasionally white, but often brilliantly col- Dov) ored and conspicuously marked. No material used for the nests. 12. Turrep Purrin, Lunda cirrhata. Eges, 1, white; 1.40 + 2.40 to 1.85 -+ 3.00. Larger than those of No. 18. Breeds on the coasts and islands of North Pacific, in July. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 3 18. Purriwn, /ratercula arctica. Eggs, white when fresh; occasionally mottled with greenish and lilac; 1.20 + 2.30 to 1.70 -+- 2.80; deposited in burrows dug by the birds. Breeds on coasts and islands of Eastern North America, from Bay of Fundy, northward, in first week in July. The most common species. 3a. LARGE-BILLED Purrin, /Fratercula arctica glacialis. Eggs, not to be distinguished from those of No. 13. Breeds on coast and islands of North Atlantic, from Spitzbergen to Baffin’s Bay. 14. Hornep Purrin, /’ratercula corniculata. Eggs, 1, oblong oval, white; 1.75-+- 2.75 to 1.80-+- 2.80. Breeds on coasts and islands of North Pacific, in rocky crevices, in May. Known from those of No. 13 by the more elongated form. 15. Ruryoceros AUELET, Cerorhinca monocerata. Eggs, 1, oval, dirty white, not unlike that of a common hen; 1.81 + 2.61 to 1.85 + 2.65. Breeds on coast and islands of both coasts of Pacific, from California and Japan, northward, in burrows, in May. 16. Cassin’s AUKLET, Ptychoramphus alenticus. Eggs, 1, oval or oblong oval, pure white; 1.25 + 1.80 to 1.30 + 1.95. Breeds on Pacific coast of North America, from Farallones, northward, in burrows. 17. Paroquet AvuKLET, Cyclorrhynchus psittaculus. Eggs, oval or oblong, white; 1.45-+- 2.25 to 1.50 + 2.35. Breeds on coast and islands of North Pacific, from Aleutian to Kurile Islands, northward, on naked rocks, early in May. 18. CrestED AUKLET, Simorhynchus cristatellus. Kegs, 1, oval, white, with the shell roughened; 1.40-++ 2.10 to 1.45 + 2.15. Breeds on coasts and islands of North Pacific, from Kadiak and Japan, northward, under rocks and in crevices, early in May. 19. WuiskERED AUKLET, Simorhynchus pygmeus. Eggs, unknown Breeds on coast and islands of North Pacific, from Unalashka through the Aleutian chain to Kamtschatka. 4 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 20. Least AuKLET, Simorhynchus pusillus. Eggs, 1, oblong oval, somewhat pointed at smaller end, but somewhat variable in form, white; 1.12 1.55 to 1.13-+- 1.63. Breeds on coast and islands of North Pacific, from Sitka and Japan to Bering’s Strait, undér rocks, the first week in June. 21. Ancient Murrevet, Synthliboramphus antiquus. Eges, 2, oval, pale buff, with longitudinal markings of pale gray and brown; 1.45-+ 2.15 to 1.55-+-2.50. Breeds on the coast and islands of North Pacific, from Sitka and Japan, northward, in burrows on the face of banks, early in June. 22. Tremminck’s Murrevet, Synthliboramphus wumizus- ume. Egos, unknown. Breeds on coast and islands of North Pacific, from Washington Territory and Japan, and northward. 23. Marstep Murretet, Brachyramphus marmoratus. Eggs, unknown. Breeds on coast of North Pacific, from Van- couver Island, and northward. 24, Kirriirz’s Murreier, Brachyramphus kittlitzit. Eggs, unknown. Breeds on Kamtschatka and the Aleutian Islands, east to Unalashka. 25. Xantus’s Murreter, Brachyramphus hypoleucus. Eggs, unknown. Breeds on the coast of Southern California, from San Diego to Cape St. Lucas. 26. Craveri’s Murrevet, Brachyramphus cravert. Eggs, unknown. Breeds on the Island of Natridad, Gulf of Cali- fornia. 27. Buack Guittemot, Cepphus grylle. (Type, Plate IT.) Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, white, creamy, or greenish, spotted and blotched irregularly with very dark brown. 28. Manpr’s Guintemor, Cepphus mandtii. Eggs, indis- tinguished from No. 27. Breeds throughout Arctic regions of both continents, south to Labrador, and along the Alaskan coast. 29. Piczon GuittEmot, Cepphus columba. Eggs, indistin- guishable from those of No. 27... Breeds on coast and islands of Pacific, from California and Japan north to Bering’s Strait. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 5 30. Mourre, Uria troile. (Type, Plate I.) Eggs, 1, de cidedly pyriform, varying from pure white, through blue to green, spotted, blotched, and lined with black, brown, and umber; placed on rocky shelves of cliffs; 1.75 +- 2.90 to 2.15 + 3.50. Breeds on the coasts and islands of Atlantic, from Gulf of St. Lawrence northward, in June. 30a. CaxrirorniA Murre, Uria troile californica. Eggs, in- distinguishable from those of No. 30. Breeds on coasts and islands of North Pacific, from California to Prybilof Islands. 306. Rincep Murre, Uria troile ringvia. Eggs, indistin- guishable from those of No. 30, and breeding range the same. 31. Brinnicn’s Murre, Uria lomvia. Eggs, indistin- guishable from those of No. 30, and breeding range the same, excepting that it occurs in the Eastern Arctic Ocean. 3la. Parias’s Murre, Uria lomvia arra. Eggs, indis- tinguishable from those of No. 30. Breeds on coasts and islands of the North Pacific and Western Arctic Oceans. 32. Razor-pirtep Aux, Alca torda. Eggs, usually 1 or 2, oval, white or bluish, spotted and blotched with very dark brown and umber; 2.10 + 3.10 to 2.15 +- 3.15; placed in holes of cliffs. Breeds from coast of Maine, northward, in June. 33. Great Aux, Plautus impennis. Eggs, 1, rather pyri- form, varying from white to bluish, spotted and blotched with white, brown and black. Formerly found breeding from New- foundland, northward, now supposed to be extinct. 34. Dovexis, Alle alle. (Type, Plate III.) Eggs, 1, bluish white; 1.25 + 1-80 to 1.30 + 1.85; placed on shelves of cliffs. Breeds in Greenland, and on the coasts and islands of high northern latitudes in Atlantic and Eastern Arctic Oceans, in June. 6 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. ORDER II.—LONGIPENNES. Long-winged Swimmers. Nests, placed on the ground, or on rocky cliffs, and occasion- ally in trees or bushes. Faminy [V.—STERCORARIIDA. Skvuas and J acGers. Kggs, dark in color, rather obscurely marked, and placed on the ground. 35. Sua, Megalestris skua. Eggs, 2 or 3, oval, olive brown, rather obscurely blotched with dark brown; 1.95 + 2.75 to 2.00 + 2.90. Large size and dark color distinguish this species. Breeds on coasts of North Atlantic, from the Shet- land Islands, northward, in June. The bird is only occasion- ally found on the American coast. 36. Pomarine JacGer, Stercorarius pomarinus. Eggs, 2 or 3, rounded oval, deep olive drab, sparingly spotted with slate color and a few reddish dots and blotches; size, between those of Nos. 35 and 36; 1.70 + 2.25 to 1.75 + 2.30. Breeds in the northern portions of the Northern Hemisphere. 37. Parasitic Jaarr, Stercorarius parasiticus. Eggs, 2 or 3, oval, deep yellow or greenish brown, spotted and blotched with varying shades of brown and umber; 1.55 + 2.12 to 1.60 + 2.35. Not to be readily distinguished from those of No. 36. Breeds in high latitudes, on the European coast, from the Shet- land Islands, northward. 38. Lone-raILep Jacer, Stercorarius longicaudus. (Type, Plate II.) Eggs, 2 or 3, oval, deep yellowish brown, spotted and blotched with varying shades of dark brown and umber; 1.50 + 2.15 to 1.56 + 2.25. The smallest of the Jegers. Breeds in high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Famiry V.—LARIDA. Guus and TErRns. Nests placed on cliffs, trees, or bushes, and often on the ground. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. Y 39. Ivory Gui, Gavia alba. Eggs, 1, oblong oval, light yellowish olive, marked throughout with small blotches of dark brown, with lighter shell-markings ; 1.70 +-2.45 to 1.75 ++ 2.50- Breeds in Arctic seas, on rocky cliffs, in June. 40. Kirrrwaxe, Rissa tridactyla. Eggs, 2 or 3, oval, yel- lowish buff, spotted and blotched with rounded marks of brown or lilac; 1.60 + 2.20 to 1.70 + 2.25. Nest placed on cliffs, composed of sea-weeds, etc. Breeds from Gulf of St. Law- rence, northward. 40a. Paciric Kirtiwake, Rissa tridactyla pollicaris. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 40. Breeds on coasts of North Pacific and Bering’s Sea. 41. Rep-teccep Kirriwake, Rissa bierirostris. Eggs, in- distinguishable from those of No. 40. Breeds on the coasts and islands of Behring’s Sea. 42. Graucous Guit, Larus glaucus. Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, varying from bluish white to dark brown, but generally pale, spotted and blotched with rounded markings of brown and lilac, usually of large size; 2.14-+ 2.95 to 2.25+3.00. Breeds in the Arctic regions, late in June. 43. Icretanp Gui, Larus leucopterus. Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, deep brownish yellow, spotted and blotched with rather rounded spots of brown and lilac, of varying shade; 1.85 + 2.70 to 2.60 + 3.76. Breeds in the Arctic regions. 44, GLaucous-wINGED Gut, Larus glaucescens. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 48. Breeds on the coasts of North Pacific. 44a. Ataskan Giaucous Gut, Larus barrovianus. Eggs, unknown. Breeds in Alaska. This species has recently been described by Mr. Robert Ridgway. 45. Kumuren’s Guit, Larus kumlieni. Eggs, indistin- guishable from those of No. 43. Breeds on coasts and islands of Cumberland Gulf. 46. Nexuson’s Gui1, Larus nelsoni. Eggs, unknown, but 8 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. probably indistinguishable from those of No. 43. Breeds on coasts of Norton’s Sound, Alaska. 47. Great Briack-BackED Gui, Larus marinus. Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, varying from bluish white to deep yellowish brown, spotted and blotched with reddish brown and lilac, of varying shades; 2.20 +- 2.95 to 2.30 + 3.00. Breeds on both coasts of North Atlantic, in North America, from Bay of Fundy, north- ward. The eggs are laid in June. 48. SLaty-BACKED GuLL, Larus schistisagus. Eggs, un- known. Breeds in North Pacific, Herald Island, Arctic Ocean, and Alaska. 49, Western Guu, Larus occidentalis. Eggs, 2 or 3, oval, dark olive brown, spotted and blotched with brown and black; 1.80 -+ 2.70 to 2.00 + 2.90. Breeds from Southern California, northward, in May. 50. SrBertan Guiu, Larus affinis. Eggs, unknown. Breeds in Greenland, Northern Asia, and Europe. 51. Herrine Guii, Larus argentatus. Eggs, 3 or 4, sim- ilar to those of No. 47, but smaller; 1.80 - 2.70 to 2.05 + 2.90. Breeds in the northern portion of the old world, and in Cum- berland Sound. Sla. American Herrine Guy, Larus argentatus smithso- nianus. Kggs, similar to those of No. 51. Breeds on Atlan- tic coast of North America, from Maine, northward, early in June. Nests composed of seaweeds and sticks, placed on cliffs, on the ground, or in trees. 52. Pauttus’s Guit, Larus cachinnans. Eggs, similar to those of No. 51. Breeds on coasts and islands of North Pa- cific and Arctic Oceans, on the ground, early in May. 53. Carirornia GuLL, Larus californicus. Eggs, similar to those of No. 49. Breeds throughout Western North America. 54. Rine-BitLep Gui, Larus delawarensis. Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, generally dark yellowish brown, rarely bluish, spots of dark brown, often elongated into lines; 1.60-++- 2.75 to 1.75-+ 2.89. Breeds only in the Great Lakes, in Labrador, and north- EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. .¢) ward, in June. Nests of sticks and weeds, placed on cliffs, or on the ground. 55. SHORT-BILLED Gut, Larus brachyrhynchus. Eggs, indis- tinguishable from those of No. 54. Breeds in Arctic America. 56. Mew Guii, Larus canus. Eggs, 2 or 3, broadly oval, varying from olive green to yellow and green, spotted and blotched with dark brown and purple; 1.50 + 2.08 to 1.55 + 2.25. Extralimital; breeds in Northern Europe and Asia. The bird has been taken in Labrador. 57. Hrrrmann’s Guii, Larus heermanni. Eggs, oval or oblong oval, varying from pale to dark drab, boldly marked with brown and grey; 1.55 + 2.27 to 1.65 + 2.35. Breeds on the Pacific coast of North America, in May. 58. Laueuine Gut, Larus atricilla. Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, varying from bluish white to ashy green, lined, spotted, and blotched with brown, umber, and lilac, the lined style of mark- ing predominating, on the average; 1.52 + 2.00 to 1.65 + 2.20. Nests of weeds, placed on the ground. Breeds on the Atlantic coast, from Maine to Brazil, in the northern portion early in July, but further south a little earlier. 59. Franxuin’s Gui, Larus franklinii. Eggs, 2 or 3, oval, pale greyish green, or light drab or olive, with rather obscure irregular markings of dark brown; 1.45 + 2.00 to 1.50 + 2.25. Breeds in the Interior of North America, usually north of the United States. 60. Bonaparte’s Gui, Larus philadelphia. Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, varying from greenish to brown, spotted and blotched with marks of brown, umber, and lilac; 1.13 + 135 to 1.15 + 1.45. Nests of grass and sea-weeds, placed on cliffs or on the ground. Breeds across Northern North America, rarely along the coast, and usually north of the United States, late in June. 61, Ross’s Gut, Rhodostethia rosea. Eggs, pyriform, dark olive, spotted with darker. Breeds in extreme northern Arctic regions. 62. Saprne’s Gutit. Xema sabinii. Eggs, 2, oval, deep yellowish or greenish brown, obscurely spotted and blotched 10 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BikDS. with darker; 1.15-+- 1.40 to 1.10-+ 1.50. Known by the dark color, with obscure markings, and small size. 63. GULL-BILLED TERN, Gelochelidon nilotica. Eggs, 3 or 4, short oval, yellowish buff to greenish, with rounded markings of yellowish brown and lilac; 1.30-+-1.75 to 1.40 + 1.80. Known from all other Terns by the short oval form. 64. Caspian Tern, Sterna tschegrava. Eggs, 2 or 3, short oval, greenish white, blotched with brown and lilac; 1.85 +- 2.90 to 1.90 + 2.75. Distinguished from those of No. 65 by the yellowish white color. Breeds throughout the Northern Hemisphere ; in North America, northward, to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Virginia, Lake Michigan, Texas, Nevada, and Cali- fornia, late in June. 65. Royat Tern, Sterna marima. Eggs, 2 or 3, rather pyriform, white, spotted and blotched with rounded markings of brown or lilac, many of which have yellowish edgings; 1.70 +- 2.70 to 1.75 + 2.75. Eggs distinguished from those of No. 64 by the white ground-color. Breeds from coast of Virginia, southward, throughout tropical America and on the west coast of Africa, in June. 66. Errcant Tern, Sterna elegans. Eggs, 1 or 2, oval, purplish white, boldly marked with black, burnt sienna, and and lilac; 1.45 + 2.20 to 1.50 + 2.25. Breeds on coasts of Pacific, from California to Chill. 67. Caxsot’s Tern, Sterna sandwicensis acuflavida. (Type, Plate II.) Eggs, 1 or 2, oval, white, spotted and blotched with bluish and reddish; 1.25 + 2.00 to 1.30 + 2.15. Known by the oval form, size, and white color. Breeds from Florida, - southward, throughout tropical America. 68. TrupEAvu’s Tern, Sterna trudeaui. Eggs, unknown. Extralimital; breeds in Southern South America. The bird has been accidentally found in New Jersey and Long Island. 69. Forstrer’s Tern, Sterna forsteri. Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, varying from nearly pure white to yellowish buff and greenish, spotted and blotched irregularly with brown, umber, and lilac; 1.05 + 1.41 to 1.25 + 1.80. ‘These are the palest of the me- EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDs. 11 dium-sized Terns’ eggs, on the average. Nests placed on the ground, in marshes. Breeds throughout the interior of North America, from Manitoba, scuthward, and along the coast to Cobb’s Island, Virginia. 70. Common TERN, Sterna hirundo. (Type, Plate I.) Eggs, 3 or 4, indistinguishable from those of No. 69, but darker in ground-color. Breeds throughout the Northern Hemisphere, but in North America confined to the Atlantic coast, where it breeds in colonies, from Florida to the Arctic regions. 71. Arctic Tern, Sterna paradisea. Eggs, 3 or 4, indis_ tinguishable from those of No. 70, but average a little darker. Nests placed on the ground, on sand-hills. Breeds throughout the Northern Hemisphere; in North America from Southern Massachusetts to Arctic regions. 72. Roseate TERN, Sterna dougaili. Eggs, 3 or 4, indistin- guishable from those of Nos. 70 and 71, but, from the smaller size of the bird, should be, perhaps, a trifle smaller. The nest- ing habits of the last three given species serve to identify the eggs, in a measure. No. 70 nests in sand-hills, but seldom con- structs much of a nest, a little grass only being used. No. 71 lays on the naked sand, without a nest; No. 72 in the sand- hills, and constructs a more or less elaborate nest of sticks. 73. ALEUTIAN TERN, Sterna aleutica. Eggs, oval, brownish or greenish olive, with large markings, often confluent, of dirty brown; 1.10 + 1.75 to 1.15 -+ 1.85. Breeds along the coast of Alaska, from Kadiack to Norton Sound. 74. Least Tern, Sterna antillarum. (Type, Plate IL) Eggs, 3 or 4 in the North, 2 or 3 in the South, oval, varying from white to buff, blotched and spotted with brown, umber, and lilac, of many shades, with an occasional tinge of lilac; .75 + 1.00 to .90 + 1.30. Known at once by small size, light color and oval form. Nest placed on the rocks or on sand. Breeds throughout Northern South America, West Indies, along the coast of North America, to California. Eggs laid in the Bahamas and in Florida, early in May; in Virginia, in June; in Massachusetts, not until the first week in July. 12 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 75. Sooty Tern, Sterna fuliginosa. (Type, Plate HI.) Egg 1, oval, white, spotted with rounded markings of reddish brown and lilac; 1.45 + 1.95 to 1.50 + 2.00. Eggs placed on the © rocks, in a nest of sea-weed. Known by the peculiar tinge of the ground-color. Breeds in tropical and sub-tropical regions of North America, on the Tortugas, and on the Bahamas, early in May. 76. Briptep Tern, Sterna anethetus. Eggs, 1, oval, rather whiter than those of No. 75, and more finely spotted, on the average, and smaller in size; 1.85-+- 1.85 to 140 +1.90. Eggs placed beneath rocks, no nests. Known from No. 75 by the smaller size. Extralimital; breeds in tropical regions and the Bahamas, late in May. The bird occurs casually in Florida, but does not breed there. 77. Brack Tern, Hydrochelidon nigra surinamensis. (Type, Plate I.) Eggs, 3 or 4, varying from greenish to brown, — spotted and blotched with irregular markings of brown and umber or lilac; .90 + 1.25 to 1.00 + 1.40. Placed on the ground. Known by the dark color and small size. Breeds from Middle United States, northward. 78. WHITE-WINGED Brack Tern, Hydrochelidon leucoptera. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 77. Extralimital; breeds throughout the Eastern Hemisphere. One specimen of the bird taken in Wisconsin. 79. Noppy Tern, Anous stolidus. Eggs, 1, oval, buff, spotted and blotched with paler brown and lilac; 1.42 + 1.80 to 1.52 -+ 2.00. Nests composed of weeds, and placed on rocks or bushes. reeds in tropical and sub-tropical regions, in May. = 80. Brack Sximmer, Rynchops nigra. (Type, Plate II.) Eggs, 3 or 4, oval or spherical, white or yellowish, boldly and handsomely spotted and blotched irregularly with umber and lilac; 1.85-+- 1.65 to 1.40-+4-1.98. Known at once by the bold marking and white ground-color. Breeds from the coast of Virginia, southward, through the warmer parts of America, in June. Eges placed on the sand. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 13 ORDER III.—TUBINARES. Tube-nosed Swimmers. Birds of this order invariably breed on islands, usually re- mote from the mainland. Eggs, white, and seldom spotted. Famity VI.—DIOMEDEID A. ALBATROSSES. Large birds, which seldom, if ever, approach the shore of the mainland, keeping well out at sea. 81. Buack-rootrep ALBatross, Diomedea nigripes. Eggs, unknown. Occurs in North Pacific, on the west coast of North America. 82. SHorT-TAILED ALBaTross, Diomedea albatrus. Eggs, 1, oval, with the ends rounded, dull white ; 2.50 +. 3.95 to 2.60 + 4.00. Breeds on the Pacific islands. Occurs in the Pacific Ocean, northward, to Bering’s Strait, including the Western coast of America. 83. YELLOW-NOSED ALBATROSS, Thalassogeron culminatus. Eggs, unknown. Breeds in the Indian and South Pacific Oceans. Casual off the coast of Oregon. 84. Soory Axsatross, Phebetria fuliginosa. Eggs, 1, white, spotted on one end; shell thin and smooth; 3.95 + 2.60 to 3.95 + 2.64. Breeds in the Southern Ocean, in Novem- ber, in caves. Occurs in the oceans of the Southern Hemis- phere, northward, to the coast of Oregon. Famiry VII.— PROCELLARIIMA®. Furmars and SHear- WATERS, Also birds of the ocean, but rather more often seen near land than the Albatross. Size alone distinguishes their eggs. 85. Giant Fuxmar, Ossifraga gigantea. Eggs, 1, elliptical, dirty white, shell rough; 2.66 + 4.25 to 2.70 + 2.30. Breeds and occurs in the Indian Ocean. Casual off the coast of Oregon. j4 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. &6. Furmar, Mulmarus glacialis. Eggs, 1, white, elliptical ; 2.00 + 2.75 to 2.05 -+ 2.80. Eggs placed on cliffs. Breeds on the islands in the North Atlantic. 86a. Lesser Futmar, Fulmarus glacialis minor. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 86. Breeds on islands in the North Atlantic, on cliffs. 866. Paciric Futmar, F'ulmarus glacialis glupischa. Egg, indistinguishable from those of No. 86. Occurs in the North Paciiic. 86c. Roperr’s Furmar, Fulmarus glacialis rodgersiti. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 86. Occurs in Bering’s Sea. 87. SLENDER-BILLED Futmar, /wlmarus giacialoides. Eggs, unknown. Occurs in seas of Southern Hemisphere, along the Pacific coast of North America. 88. Cory’s SHEARWATER, Puffinus borealis. Eggs, un- known. Breeding-place not known. Occurs off the coast of Massachusetts. 69. GREATER SHEARWATER, Puffinus major. Eggs, 1, white; 1.85 + 2.75 to 2.00 + 5.88. Occurs off the Atlantic coast of North America, and southward, to Cape Horn and Cape of Good Hope. 90. Manx SHEARWATER, Puffinus puffinus. Eggs, pure white; 1.75 + 2.42 to 1.81 + 2.45; placed in holes of rocks. Breeds in the Shetland Islands, and, in one instance, in the Bermudas. Occurs in the North Atlantic, and in Greenland. 91. PinK-FooTED SHEARWATER, Puffinus creatopus. Egg unknown. Occurs in Pacific Ocean, from off the coast of Lower California to Juan Fernandez Island. 92. AupuBoN’s SHEARWATER, Puffinus audubont. Eggs, 1, rather oval, white, inclined to creamy, shell not especially brit- tle and rather smooth; 1.40 + 2.00 to 145-4 2.05. Eggs placed in caves or holes. Breeds in the Bermudas and Baha- mas on the coast, the last week of March. Occurs on the coast, from New Jersey southward. I oe EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 15 93. BLACK-vENTED SHEARWATER, Puffinus gavia. Eggs, unknown. Occurs in the Pacific Ocean, and on the coast of Lower California. 94. Soory SHearwater, Puffinus stricklandi. Eggs, un- known. Occurs in the North Atlantic, southward, on the American coast, to South Carolina. 95. Dark-BopIeD SHEARWATER, Pujinus griseus. Eggs, 1, white; 2.00 + 2.35 to 2.10 + 2.40. Occurs in the South Pa- cific, northward, to the coast of Lower California. 96. SLENDER-BILLED SHEARWATER, Puffinus tenutrostris. Eggs, unknown. Occurs in the North Pacific, on the Ameri- can coast, from Sitka to Kotzebue Sound. 97. BLACK-TAILED SHEARWATER, Puffinus cinereus. Eggs, unknown. Occurs in the South Pacific; accidental off the coast of California. 98. Biack-capPpeD Perret, @strelata hasitata. Eggs, un- known. Occurs in the warmer parts of the Atlantic Ocean; accidental in Florida, Long Island, England, and France. 99. Praty’s PetTret, @strelata gularis. Eggs, unknown. Occurs in the Antarctic Ocean. 99a. ScaLep PETREL, @strelata scalaris. Eggs, unknown. A single specimen of this new species was taken in the interior of New York State. Described by Mr. William Brewster, in the “ Auk,” July, 1886. 100. Fisner’s Perret, dstrelata fisheri. Eggs, unknown. Occurs on the coast of Alaska, 101. Butwer’s Perret, Bulweria bulweri. Eggs, white, oblong oval; 1.17 + 1.59 to 1.20 + 1.76; placed in burrows. Occurs in the Eastern Atlantic; accidental in Greenland. 102. Pinrapo Perret, Daption capensis. Eggs, unknown. Occurs in the Southern Hemisphere, northward, to about lati- tude 25°; accidental on the coast of California and England. 103. Least Petret, Halocyptena microsoma. Eggs, un- known. Oecurs on the coast of Lower California. 16 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 104. Srormy Pretret, Procellaria pelagica. Kges, 1, white, elliptical, sparingly spotted with reddish on the large end; 80 + 1.13 to .65 4+ 1.15. Occurs in the Atlantic Ocean; on the American side, on the south Banks of Newfoundland, and along the west coast of Europe and Western Africa. 105. Forx-raitep PrErTrREL, Oceanodroma furcata. Eggs, oval, dirty, chalky white; 1.00 -+ 1.85 to 1.03 + 1.40. Occurs in the North Pacific, southward, on the American coast, to Oregon. Breeds in Alaska and on the Aleutian Islands, in June. 106. Leacue’s PrrreL, Oceanodroma leucorhoa. (Type, Plate II.) Eggs, 1, white, often spotted with minute dots of reddish on larger red, often forming a ring; .90 + 1.25 to 1.00 + 1.35. Eggs placed in holes dug by the bird. Breeds from Maine and the Hebrides, northward, on the coast, and on islands of the Pacific. 107. Brack Perret, Oceanodroma melania. Eggs, un- known. Occurs in South Pacific, northward, to Lower Cali- fornia. 108. Asnuy Prerre.t, Oceanodroma homochroa. Eggs, un- known. Occurs on the coast of California. 109. Witson’s Prerren, Oceanites oceanicus. Eggs, un- known. Occurs in the North Atlantic and Southern Oceans, but does not breed on the coast. 110. WuirE-BELLIED PETREL, Cymodroma grallaria. Oc- curs in tropical oceans; accidental on the coast of Florida. 111. Wuirer-racep Perren, Pelagodroma marina. Eggs, unknown. Occurs in the south Atlantic and Southern Oceans; casual off the coast of Massachusetts. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 17 ORDER IV.—STEGANOPODES. Totipalmate Swimmers. The eggs of these birds are usually covered with a chalky deposit. Fammy VIII.—PHAETHONTIDA. Troric Birps. Eggs but little chalky, colored, and deposited in holes of rocks. 112. YELLow-BILLED Tropic Birp, Phaéthon flavirostris. (Type, Plate II.) Eggs, 1, oval, chalky, white, and so thickly covered with spots and blotches of reddish chocolate as nearly to obscure the ground-color; there are no other American eggs similar to these, excepting those of No. 1138; 1.50 + 2.15 to 1.60 + 2.25. Breeds in the Bahamas, Bermudas, and West Indies, in May. The bird occurs rarely in Florida, and occa- sionally further north. 113. Rep-sittep Tropic Birp, Phaéthon ethereus. Eggs, 1, elliptical, creamy white, with a purplish tinge, thickly speckled with claret-brown; 1.20 + 2.23 to 1.55 + 2.30. Oc- curs on the coasts of tropical America, northward, on the Pacific, to Lower California; accidental on the Banks of New- foundland. Famity [X.—SULID@. Gannets. Eggs deposited on cliffs; when fresh, bluish green, covered with a chalky deposit. Size alone distinguishes the species. Known by the bluish green shell-color. 114. Biur-racep Boopy, Sula cyanops. Eggs, 1, white; 1.70 + 2.45 to 1.75-+- 2.55. Occurs in the West Indies, and north- ward, to Southern Florida. Breeds in December and January. ‘115. Boopy, Sula sula. Eggs, 1 or 2, oval; 1.50 + 2.15 to 1.58 + 2.65. Eggs placed on the ground in a nest of sea- weed. Breeds in the Bahamas and on the coasts of tropical 18 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. and sub-tropical America. Occurs in Florida; accidental as far northward as Massachusetts. Known by the small size. 116. Rep-rootrp Boosy, Sula piscator. Eggs similar to those of No. 115. Breeds on the coasts and islands of tropi- _ cal and sub-tropical seas; accidental as far north as Mexico and Florida. 117. Gannet, Sula bassana. Eggs, 1 or 2, oval; 1.84 + 3.00 to 2.10 + 3.30. Eggs placed on clifts in a huge nest of seaweed. Breeds from Gulf of St. Lawrence and British Isles, northward, on both sides of the Atlantic. Known by the large size. Breeds in May. Famity X. ANHINGIDA. Darters. Eggs bluish, covered, when fresh, with a white chalky de- posit. 118. Anuinea, Anhinga anhinga. (Type, Plate Ii.) Eggs, 3 to 5, oval; 1.15-+4 2.15 to 1.25-+- 2.25. Distinguished by the small size and pale bluish color. Breeds in Florida, and north- ward, to the mouth of the Ohio river, in April. Famity XI. — PHALACROCORACIDAL. Cormorants. Kegs oval and chalky, as in the preceding, but of a deeper bluish green color. 119. Cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo. Eggs, 3 or 45 1.65 + 2.60 to 1.75 + 2.60. Breeds from Gulf of St. Law- rence, northward, late in May. 120. DousLE-cresteD Cormorant, Phalacrocorax dilophus. Eggs, 3 or 4; 1.35 + 2.25 to 1.50 + 2.50; placed on cliffs, in a rough nest, made of seaweeds, etc. Breeds from the Bay of Fundy, northward, along the eastern coast, and in the interior to the Great Lakes and Wisconsin. 120a. Fiormpa Cormorant, Phalacrocorax dilophus fiort- danus. Eggs indistinguishable from those of No. 120. Breeds along the Gulf coast, northward, and in the Mississippi valley, i) haee A Pe isekouron euhih: EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 19 to Southern Illinois, in April; in the northern section, a little later. 1206. Wuirr-crEstED Cormorant, Phalacrocorax dilophus cincinatus. HKggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 120. Breeds on the northwestern coast of North America. 120c. FaraLttone Cormorant, Phalacrocorax dilophus albo- ciliatus. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 120. Breeds on the coast of California, southward, to Cape St. Lucas. 121. Mexican Cormorant, Phalacrocorax mexicanus. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 120. Breeds in the West Indies, Bahamas (?), South and Central America, to Southern United States, and in the interior in Kansas and Southern Llinois. 122. Branpt’s Cormorant, Phalacrocorax penicillatus. Eggs, 1.60 + 2.55 to 1.65 + 2.60. Nests placed on clifts. Breeds on the Pacific coast, from Cape St. Lucas to Washing- ton Territory. 123. Prtacic Cormorant, Phalacrocorax pelagicus. Eggs, 1.45 ++ 2.25 to 1.50 + 2.50. Breeds on the Aleutian and Ku- rile Islands, and in Kamtschatka. 123a. V10LET-GREEN Cormorant, Phalacrocorax pelagicus robustus. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 123. Breeds on the coast of Alaska, Norton Sound, and Sitka. 1236. Barrv’s Cormorant, Phalacrocorax pelagicus res- plendens. Eggs similar to those of No. 123. Breeds on the Pacific coast of North America, from Washington Territory to Cape St. Lucas. 124. Rep-racep Cormorant, Phalacrocorax urile. Eggs, 2; 1.50 + 2.30 to 1.55 + 2.35. Breeds on the Prybiloff and Aleutian Islands, and on the coast of Kamtschatka, in June. Famity XII.— PELECANIDAL. Peticans. Eggs, oval, yellowish white, covered with a chalky incrusta- tion, obscuring the green in the ground-color; distinguishable 20 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. from those of allied families by the greenish hues and large size. 125. American Waite Petican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos. Kggs, 1 or 2; 2.20 + 3.15 to 2.35 + 3.20. Breeds from Utah, northward, in the interior. 126. Brown Pexican, Pelecanus fuscus. Eggs, 1 or 2; 1.80 + 2.80 to 2.15-+ 3.10; laid in rough nests made of sticks, placed on the ground or in trees. Breeds in tropical and sub-tropical America, the Bahamas, and Florida, in April. 127. CarirorniA Brown Petican, Pelecanus californicus. Eggs, probably indistinguishable from those of No. 126. Breeds on the Pacific coast, from San Francisco to Cape St. Lucas. Famity XIII. — FREGATID A. Man-o-War Birps. Eggs not as chalky as the preceding, more elliptical, and the shell is more fragile. 128. Man-o’-War Birp, fregata aquila. Eggs, 1 or 2; 2.00 4+- 2.80 to 2.11 + 2.85. Nests, of sticks, placed on the ground or in trees. Breeds on tropical and sub-tropical coasts, the Bahamas, Florida Keys, and Texas, from January to May. ORDER V.—ANSERES. Lamellirostral Swim- mers. Eggs somewhat variable in ground-color, but they are usually plain, few being spotted. Famity XIV.— ANATIDA. Ducks, Gress, and Swans. The shells of the eggs are smooth, the color dull brown, greenish, or white. The nests are made of grass and weeds, often lined with down, and placed on the ground, or in holes of trees. 129. Ammrican Mrrcanser, Merganser americanus. Ege EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 21 6 to 10, oval, pale buff; 1.80 + 2.80 to 1.70 + 2.75; known by the form and color. Placed in holes of trees. Breeds from Northern United States northward. 130. Rep-sreastep Mereanser, Merganser serrator. (Type, Plate III.) Eggs, 6 to 12, elongated, oval, smooth, deep greenish brown; 1.70 + 2.50 to 1.75 + 2.60; known by the oval form and deep brown color. Breeds throughout the Northern Hemi- sphere; on the coast of Eastern North America, from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, north, in June. Nests placed on the ground. 131. Hoopep Mrreanser, Lophodytes cucullatus. Eggs, 6 to 10, very smooth, rather spherical, white; 1.70 +- 2.10 to 1.75 + 2.15; known by the white polished surface and spher- ical form. Breeds throughout the wilder portions of North America. 1382. Matiarp, Anas boschas. Eggs, elliptical, smooth, greenish brown, not dark; 1.40 + 2.25 to 1.70 +- 2.35; known by the size and brownish color. Breeds from Northern United States northward. 133. Brack Duck, Anas obscura. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, rather greenish; 1.40 + 2.25 to 1.75 + 2.35. Breeds throughout Eastern North America, between Labrador and Massachusetts, westward, to Utah. Known by the size and greenish color. Nests placed the ground, in marshy places. 134. Froria Duck, Anas fulvigula. Eggs, 6 to 8, oval, smooth, dusky greenish; 1.85 + 2.20 to 1.70 + 2.50; known by the small size and greenish color. Nests placed on the ground, in marshy places. Breeds in Florida, in that part of the country which lies between Mosquito Lagoon and Indian River, and on Merritt’s Island and the west coast, in April. 135. Gapwatt, Anas strepera. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, greenish buff; 1.40 + 2.00 to 1.50 +- 2.05; placed on the ground. Known by the large size and green color. Breeds throughout the Western United States, in April. 136. Wiperon, Anas penelope. Eggs, 5 to 8, oval, smooth, creamy buff; 1.40 +- 2.20 to 1.50 + 2.30; known by the size, DP, EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. form, and pale color. Breeds throughout the northern portion of the Old World, and in the Aleutian Islands. This bird occurs rarely in the Eastern United States. 137. BatppatTr, Anas americana. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, brownish buff; 1.30-+- 2.00 to 1.50-4-2.10 ; known from No. 136 by the brown color. Nests placed on the ground. Breeds in the more northern portion of North America, in April and May. 138. European TEAL, Anas crecca. Eggs, 6 to 8, elliptical, smooth, pale buff; 1.20 4+- 1.80 to 1.25 + 1.95; known by the small size and pale buff. Breeds in the northern parts of the Old World; casual in Eastern North America. 139. GreEN-wiIncED TEAL, Anas carolinensis. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, pale brownish buff; 1.25 4+- 1.85 to 1.30 + 1.90; known by the small size and pale color, not to be readily distinguished from those of No. 138. Nests, well lined with down, placed on the ground, near water. Breeds from Gulf of St. Lawrence northward, early in June. 140. Brur-wineep Trat, Anas discors. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, deep brownish buff; 1.30 + 1.90 to 1.385 + 1.95. Nests placed on the ground. Breeds from the Northern United States northward. 141. Cinnamon TEat, Anas cyanoptera. (Type, Plate ITT.) Eggs, 6 to 10, indistinguishable trom those of No. 140. Breeds throughout Western America, from Columbia River to Pata- gonia, in May. 142. Suoverter, Spatula clypeata. Eggs, 6 to 10, oval, pale ashy green; 1.45 + 2.05 to 1.50 + 2.10; known by the small size and green color. Nests placed on the ground. Breeds throughout Western America, from Alaska to Texas. 143. Pinta, Dafila acuta. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, greenish brown; 1.50 + 2.10 to 1.55 to 2.30; known by the color and size. Breeds from Northern United States northward, in May. 144. Woop Duck, Aix sponsa. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 23 smooth, pale brown; 1.05 -+- 1.55 to 1.15 to 1.65. Nests placed in holes of trees. Breeds throughout temperate North Amer- ica, from May to June. 145. Rurous Crestep Duck, Vetta rufina. Eggs, not dis- similar to those of No. 146. Occurs in the Eastern Hemis- phere; accidental in the Eastern United States. 146. RepuEaD, Aythya americana. Eggs, 6 to 10; ellipti- eal, quite smooth, creamy white; 1.65 + 2.20 to 1.75 + 2.30; known by the creamy white color and large size. Nests placed on the ground. Breeds throughout North America, from Cal- ifornia and Maine, northward. 147. Canvas-Back, Aythya vailisneria. Eggs, 6 to 10, el- liptical, smooth, ashy green; 1.70 + 2.50 to 1.75 + 2.55; known from those of No. 146 by the green color and larger size. Breeds throughout the Northwestern States, northward, to Alaska. 148. American Scaup Duck, Aythya marila nearctica. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, greenish, 1.70 + 2.36 to 1.75 + 2.50. Breeds in the far northern regions of North America, in May and June. 149. Lesser Scaup Duck, Aythya affinis. Eggs, indistin- guishable in form and color from those of No. 148, but smaller; 1.60 + 2.25 to 1.65 + 2.30. Breeds throughout North Amer- ica, north of the United States, in May and June. 150. Rine-necKEeD Duck, Aythya collaris. Eggs, 6 to 10; indistinguishable from those of No. 149. Breeds in the ex- treme northern portion of North America. 151. AmERICAN GOLDEN-EYE, Glaucionetta clangula amert- cana. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, greenish; 1.75 +- 2.35 to 1.80 + 2.40; placed in holes of trees. Known from all but those of No. 152 by the deep greenish color and size. Breeds from Maine northward, in May. 152. Barrow’s GoLpEN-EYE, Glaucioneita islandica. Eggs, not to be distinguished from those of No. 151, and breeding habits similar. Breeds from Gulf of St. Lawrence northward; 94 HGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. southward, in the Rocky Mountains, to Colorado, and in Green- land and Iceland. 153. BurrLe-neap, Charitonetta albeola. Eggs, 6 to 12, elliptical, smooth, greenish buff; 1.25-+- 1.75 to 1.50 + 2.03. Known by the buff tinge, and small size. Nests placed in trees. Breeds from Maine northward. 154. Op Squaw, Clangula hyemalis. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, greenish; 1.50-+-2.10 to 1.55+-2.15. Nests placed on the ground. Breeds far north, in the Northern Hem- isphere. 155. Hartequin Duck, Histrionicus histrionicus. HKggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, greenish yellow; 1.30 + 2.00 to 1.50 + 2.10; known by the yellowish green color and size. Nests placed in holes of trees. Breeds from Newfoundland, the northern Rocky Mountains, and the Sierra Noe northward, and in Iceland. 156. Lasrapor Duck, Camptolaimus labradorius. Eggs have never been described. Formerly breeding from Labrador, northward, but probably now extinct. 157. STevLeR’s Duck, Hniconetta stellerit. Eggs, no identi- fied specimens in collection. Breeds on Arctic coasts of the Northern Hemisphere. 158. SprcTacLeD Emer, Arcionetta fisheri. Eggs, ellipti- cal, pale olive gray; 1.55 -+- 2.35 to 1.854 2.50. Breeds along the coast of Alaska, northward, to Point Barrow. 159. Einer, Somateria mollissima. Hggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, greenish, sometimes blotched with darker; 1.98 +- 2.82 to 2.10-+- 32.0. Known by the large size. Nests placed on the rocks. Breeds throughout the coasts of Northern Europe and North-eastern North America, southward, to Labrador. 160. American Emer, Somateria dressert. Eggs, 6 to 10, indistinguishable from those of No. 159. Breeds from Maine to Labrador, in May. 161. Pactric Eiprr, Somateria v nigra. Eggs, similar to those of No. 162. Breeds on the coast of the Northern Pacific, EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 25 in the interior of the Great Slave Lake District, and in Eastern Siberia. 162. Kine Eper, Somateria spectabilis. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, smooth, dirty green; 1.75 + 2.60 to 1.60 + 2.65. Breeds in the Arctic region of the Northern Hemisphere. 163. American Scoter, Oidemia americana. Eggs, 6 to 10, rather oval, smooth, pale yellow; 1.00 + 2.00 to 1.65 + 2.05. Nests on the rocks. Breeds in Labrador and the north- ern interior, in May. 164, Vetvet Scotser, Oidemia fusca.. Eggs, 6 to 8, oval, soiled creamy; 1.80+ 2.60 to 1.85-+- 2.65. Extralimital ; Northern Old World; accidental in Greenland and Alaska. 165. WaHitTE-wINGED Scoter, Oidemia deglandi. Eggs, 6 to 12, indistinguishable from those of No. 164. Breeds in Labra- dor and the fur countries, in May. 166. Surr Scorer, Oidemia perspicillata. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, greenish buff; 1.60-+- 2.25 to 1.65 -+ 2.30. Breeds from Labrador, northward, and on the northern inland waters, in May. 167. Ruppy Duck, Hrismatura rubida. Eggs, 5 to 8, ellip- tical, roughened conspicuously, buff; 1.80 4- 2.30 to 1.85 + 2.55. Breeds throughout North America, in suitable locations, in April and May. 168. Maskep Duck, Nomonyx dominicus. I have never seen the eggs of this species, nor a description of them. Extralimital ; tropical America; accidental in Eastern North America. 169. Lesser Snow Goosz, Chen hyperborea. Eggs, oval, dirty chalky white; 2.18 + 3.38 to 2.254 3.45. Breeds in Alaska, late in May. 169a. Greater Snow Goosz, Chen hyperborea nivalis. Eggs, 5 to 10, elliptical, yellowish white; 1.90 +- 2.80 to 2.00 -+- 3.00. Breeds in the far north, late in May. 170. Ross’s Snow Gooss, Chen rossiit. Eggs, unknown. Breeds in Arctic America. 26 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 171. Wuitz-rrontrep Goosr, Anser albifrons. Hggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, yellowish white; 2.05 + 2.95 to 2.10 + 3.20. Breeds in the far north, in May. 17a. ‘AmmricAaN WHiTE-FRONTED Goosr, Anser albifrons gambeli. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 171. Breeds in Arctic North America. 172. Canapa Goosr, Branta canadensis. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, dirty white; 2.35-+ 3.40 to 2.35+ 3.50. Nests placed on the ground. Breeds in the Northern United States and British Provinces, in May. 172a. Hurcutins’s Goosz, Branta canadensis hutchinsii. Eggs, similar to those of No. 172, but smaller; 2.00 + 2.95 to 2.05 + 3.00. Breeds in the Arctic regions of North Amer- ica. 1726. WHiTE-cHEEKED GoosE, Branta canadensis occiden- talis. Eggs, similar to those of No. 172. Breeds in the Northern Pacific coast region. 172c. Cackiine Goosz, Branta canadensis minima. Eggs, unknown. Breeds on the coast of Alaska. 173. Brant, Branta bernicla. Eggs, 6 to 10, elliptical, dirty white; 1.82 + 2.76 to 1.85 + 2.90. Nests placed on the ground, in marshes. Breeds in the northern portion of the Northern Hemisphere; in North America, mainly on the Atlantic coast, in June. 174. Buacx Brant, Branta nigricans. Eggs, 6 to 10, ellip- tical, ivory-white; 1.80 + 2.75 to 1.85 -+ 2.92. Breeds in Arctic America, in June. 175. Barnacte Goosr, Branta leucopsis. Eggs, 6 to 8, elliptical, yellowish cream; 1.85 + 2.75 to 1.87 +- 2.87. Extra- limital; northern parts of the Old World; birds casual in Eastern North America. 176. Emrrror Goosz, Philate canagica. Eggs, elliptical, white; 2.90 4- 3.10 to 3.25 + 3.40. Breeds on the coasts and islands of Alaska, the third week in June. 177. Buack-BELtizp Trer Duck, Dendrocygna autumnaiis. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. oT ad ges, & to 10, rounded oval, ivory-white, with a greenish tinge ; 1.50 + 2.00 to 1.60 +- 2.50. Breeds on the southwestern bor- der of the United States, and southward, in the Bahamas and West Indies. Nests in holes of trees, in April. 178. Fuitvous TREE Duck, Dendrocygna fulva. Eggs, 10 to 15, not dissimilar to those of No. 177. Breeds on the south- ern border of the United States, and southward. 179. Wuoopine Swan, Olor cygnus. Eggs, 6 to 10, oval, dirty white; 4.50 +- 2.90 to 4.35 + 2.95. Breeds in Northern Europe, Asia, and Greenland. 180. Wuistiine Swan, Olor columbianus. Kggs, 6 to 10, oval, dirty white; 2.50 + 4.00 to 2.75 + 4.50. Nests placed on the ground, in marshes. Breeds in the extreme northern portion of North America. 181. TrumpPeTeR Swan, Olor buccinator. Eggs, 6 to 10, oval, dirty white; 2.50 + 4.30 to 2.70 + 4.50. Breeds in the interior of North America, from [owa and Dakota, northward ; west to the Pacific, but rare on the Atlantic. ORDER VI.—ODONTOGLOSSA2. Lamellirostral Grallatores. Eggs, few in number, one or two, rarely three, covered with a chalky incrustation. Nests, composed of marl or clay, formed into truncated cones, on which the eggs are placed, and are usually situated in shal- low salt-water lagoons, or near them. Famitry XV.— PHCSNICOPTERIDA. Fuamincozs. Members of this family inhabit the tropics, where they nest in communities; none of the species occur within our limits during the breeding season. 182. American FiLaminco, Phenicopterus ruber. Eggs, usually 1, occasionally 2, rarely 3, long oval, white, thickly cov- 28 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. ered with a chalky incrustation. Breeds on the Bahamas, in the West Indies, and tropical America, early in May. The birds occur in Florida. (Type, Plate IV.) ORDER VII.—HERODIONES. Herons, Storks, Ibises, etc. Birds of this order usually nest in trees or bushes, and, with few exceptions, lay unspotted eggs. Famiry XVI.— PLATALEIDAL. Spoonsits. Nests, composed of sticks, and placed in trees. Eggs, more or less spotted. 188. RosEatE Spoonsit1, Ajaja ajaja. Eggs, 2 or 3, oval, ashy white, spotted and blotched rather sparingly with pale reddish brown; 1.70 + 2.50 to 1.75 + 2.60. Breeds in the Gulf States and southward, the Bahamas and West Indies, and in Florida, in February and March. Famity XVII.—IBIDIDA. Insiszs. Members of this family place their nests, which are con- structed of sticks, in trees or bushes. Eggs, either spotted or plain; 184, Waite Isis, Guara alba. Eggs. 2 or 3, oval, ashy blue, spotted and blotched with reddish brown; 1.40 + 2.15 to 1.65 2.40. Breeds in the Gulf States and southward, in May. 185. Scarier Isis, Guara rubra. Eggs, oblong oval, dull white, slightly tinged with reddish, and nearly covered with spots of dull reddish brown, especially on the larger end; 2.10 + 2.45 to 1.60-+ 2.41. LExtralimital; breeds in the West Indies and Northern South America. Birds accidental in the Gulf States, but there is no recent authentic record of its oc currence. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 29 186. Gossy Isis, Plegadis autumnalis. Eggs, 2 or 3, oval or elliptical, deep greenish blue, unspotted; 1.387 + 1.85 to 1.50 + 2.15. LExtralimital; breeds in the northern portions of the Old World. Casual in the West Indies and Eastern North America. 187. Wuirer-racrep Guossy Ixis, Plegadis guarauna. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 186. Breeds in Western United States, Texas, Florida (where it is rare), West Indies, Cuba, Central and South America, in April, or earlier in the more southern districts. Famity XVIII. — CICONIID A. Srorxs and Woop Iziszs. Birds of this family place their nests of sticks in trees. The eggs are either plain or spotted. 188. Woop Isis, Zantalus loculator. Eggs, 1 or 2, ellipti- cal, chalky white, often sparingly spotted with pale reddish brown; 1.70-+- 2.70 to 1.75-- 2.75. Breeds in Southern United States, from the Ohio Valley, Colorado, Utah, and California, southward, to Buenos Ayres; in Southern United States, in May. 189. Jazrru, Mycteria americana. Eggs, 2, rounded oval, uniform olive-green, unspotted; 2.20 + 3.33 to 2.25 + 3.35. Extralimital; tropical America, the birds occurring casually in Texas. Famity XIX.— ARDEID2. Herons, Birterns, ete. Birds of this family usually construct a rude nest of sticks, which is almost always placed in trees or bushes, but occasion- ally on the ground. Eggs, always unspotted. 190. American birrern, Botaurus lentiginosus. (Type, Plate VI.) Eggs, 3 to 6, elliptical, varying from greenish ash to brown; 1.65 + 2.10 to 1.80-+ 2.25. Breeds throughout temperate North America, early in June. Nests, composed of weeds, grasses, etc., and placed on the ground, in marshes. The eggs may be recognized by the peculiar brown color. 30 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 191. Leasr Birrern, Botaurus exilis. (Type, Plate IV.) Eggs, 3 to 5, elliptical, pale bluish green; .95 + 1.25 to 1.00 -+ 1.30. Nests, composed of weeds, etc., and placed in reeds, grass, or low bushes. Breeds through temperate North America, south of the British Provinces; rare in the more northern sections. Eggs known by the pale color and small size, but those of the remaining members of the family, where they are to be sepa- rated at all, must be distinguished by the size alone. 191a@. Cory’s Least Bittern, Botaurus neoxena. Eggs, unknown. Only one specimen of the bird known, and that was obtained in 1886, in Western Florida. 192. Great WuitEe Heron, Ardea occidentalis. Eggs, 2 or 8, elliptical, pale bluish green; 1.80 +- 2.40 to 1.85 + 2.45. Breeds in Southern Florida, and on the Keys. 192a. Wurpremann’s Heron, Ardea wurdemannii. Eggs, 2 or 3, varying from oval to elliptical, pale bluish green; 1.80 + 2.60 to 1.85 + 2.90. Breeds in extreme Southern Florida and on the Keys, in March. 1938. Warp’s Heron, Ardea wardii. Eggs, 2 or 3, varying from elliptical to oval, rather pale greenish blue; 1.66 + 2.50 to 1.80 + 2.83. Breeds in Florida, in March. 194. Great BiuEr Heron, Ardea herodias. Eggs, 3 or 4, varying from elliptical to oval, greenish blue; 1.60 + 2.50 to 1.75 + 2.80. Breeds throughout North America, in suitable locations, excepting Florida, from March to May, according to latitude. 195. European Buiur Herron, Ardea cinerea. Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, bluish green; 1.75 + 2.25 to 1.80 + 2.30. Extralimital; most of the Eastern Hemisphere; birds accidental in Southern Greenland. 196. American Earet, Ardea egretia. Eggs, 2 to 4, oval or elliptical, rather pale bluish green; 1.40 + 2.20 to 1.65 + 2.35. Breeds from New Jersey, Minnesota, and Oregon, south, to Patagonia; in Florida, in April; further north, as late as May. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 31 197. Snowy Herron, Ardea candidissima. Heggs, 2 to 4, varying from oval to elliptical, bluish green; 1.20 +- 1.80 to 1.25 + 1.85. Breeds from New Jersey and Oregon, southward, to Buenos Ayres; in the United States, from April to June, ac- cording to latitude. 198. Reppisu Ecret, Ardea rufa. Eggs, 2 to 4, varying from elliptical to oval, bluish green; 1.50 + 2.05 to 1.55 + 2.25. Breeds in the Gulf States, Bahamas, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, and southward to Guatemala, in April. 199. Louistana Heron, Ardea tricolor ruficollis. Eggs, in- distinguishable from those of No. 197. Breeds in the Gulf States, Bahamas, West Indies, Mexico, and Central America, in April and May. 200. Lirrtze Brur Heron. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 197. Breeds from New Jersey, Illinois, and Kan- sas, southward, to Guiana and New Grenada; also in the West Indies; in North America, in April and May. 201. Green Heron. (Type, Plate III.) Eggs, 3 to 5, ellip- tical, greenish blue; 1.00 + 1.45 to 1.25-+-1.00. Breeds along both coasts of North America, from Canada and Oregon, south- ward, to Northern South America, the Bahamas and West Indies. 202. Biack-crowNnED Nicur Heron, Wycticorax nycti- corax nevius. Eges, 3 to 6, varying from oval to elliptical, bluish green; 1.35 + 1.90 to 1.55 -+ 2.15. Breeds from the British Provinces, southward, to the Falkland Islands, inclu- ding a part of the West Indies. 203. YELLOW-cROWNED Nicut Heron, Wycticorax violacea. Eggs, 3 to 6, elliptical, yellowish green; 1.80 + 2.25 to 1.65 + 2.25. The yellowest of all the Herons’ eggs. Breeds from the Carolinas and lower Ohio valley, southward, to Brazil; also on the Bahamas, in Aprii and May. 82 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. ORDER VIUI.—PALUDICOLA. Cranes, Rails, etc. All the North American members of this family lay spotted eggs. Nests, with one or two exceptions, placed on the ground. Famiry XIX.—GRUIDA. Cranes. Members of this family lay very large eggs, exceeding in size those of any other North American birds. Nests, com- posed of grass, weeds, and other débris, placed in the shallow water of some marsh. 204. Wuoopinc Crane. Eggs, 2, elliptical, yellowish ash, spotted and blotched irregularly and coarsely with reddish brown and umber; 2.60 + 3.90 to 2.65 + 4.00. Known from the succeeding species by the large size. Breeds throughout the interior of North America, southward, to Florida and Texas, from March until May, depending upon locality. 205. Lirtte Brown Crane, Grus canadensis. Eggs, simi- lar to those of No. 204, but smaller; 2.80 + 3.65 to 2.385 + 3.65. Breeds in Arctic and sub-Arctic America. 206. Sanpuitt Crane, Grus mexicana. (Type, Plate V.) Eggs, indistinguishable in form and color from those of No. 204, but are a little smaller; 2.15-+- 3.40 to 2.25 + 3.65. Breeds in the southern half of the United States; rare on the Atlantic, excepting in Georgia and Florida; in March and April. Famitry XX.—ARAMIDAL. Covur.ans. Eggs, resembling in general color and markings those of the last family. Nests, composed of sticks, and placed in bushes, near water. 207. Lirexin, Aramus giganteus. (Type, Plate V.) Eggs, 10 to 15, rather elliptical, ashy yellow, lined, sprinkled, spotted, and blotched with reddish brown and umber; 1.70 + 2.35 to 1.75 + 2.50. Known by their resemblance to the Sandhill EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 33 Cranes in general color and markings. Breeds in Florida, the West Indies, and on the Atlantic coast of Central America, in March. Famity XXI.—RALLID®. Rats, GaLuinutes, and Coots, All members of this family place their nests on the ground. in marshy places. They are composed of grass, weeds, etc. Eggs, numerous. . 208. Kine Ratt, Rallus elegans. HKggs, 8 to 10, oval, bluish white or creamy, dotted and spotted rather sparingly with red- dish brown and lilac; 1.15-+ 1.55 to 1.25-+ 1.77. Known from the preceding by the paler colors. Breeds in the fresh- water marshes of the Eastern United States, from the Middle States, southward. 209. Bextpine’s Ram, fallus beldingi. Eggs, unknown. Breeds on the Espiritu Islands, Gulf of California. 210. Caxirornta CLaprerR Rar, FRallus obseletus. Eggs, unknown, but probably similar to those of No. 208. Breeds on the salt marshes of the Pacific coast, from Washington Terri- tory to Lower California. 211. Crapper Ram, Rallus longirostris crepitans. Eggs, 8 to 10, oval, buffy yellow, dotted and spotted irregularly with reddish brown and lilac; 1.05 + 1.60 to 1.15 + 1.75. Known from those of No. 208 by the more buffy tinge. Breeds on the salt marshes of the Atlantic, from New Jersey, southward, early in June. 21la. Louisiana Crapper Raw, Rallus longirostris satura- tus. Hggs, similar to those of No. 211. Breeds in the salt marshes of the Gulf States, from Florida to Louisiana. 212. VirerntA Ram, Rallus virginianus. (Type, Plate IIT.) Eggs, 8 to 10, oval, creamy white, sparingly spotted and dotted with reddish brown and lilac; .90 +. 1.20 to .95 + 1.30. Resemble those of No. 208, but much smaller. Breeds in the fresh marshes throughout North America, from the British Provinces, southward, to Guatemala and Cuba, early in June. 34 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 213. Sporrep Craxen, Porzana porzana. Hggs, 8 to 12, oval, oblong, creamy or buff, spotted with reddish brown; .94 + 1.30 to .98-+ 1.35. Extralimital; occurs throughout the Old World; the bird has been taken in Greenland. 214. Sora Ratt, Porzana carolina. (Type, Plate III.) Kegs, 6 to 10, oval, brownish buff, dotted and spotted irregu- larly but sparingly with reddish brown and lilac; .85 + 1.20 to .95 + 1.25. Known from those of No. 212 by the decidedly darker color. Breeds commonly in eastern temperate North America, from Florida, northward, and, rarely, in the West, in the same latitude, in early June. 215. Yettow Rai, Porzana noveboracensis. Eggs, 6 to 10, oval, deep buff, dotted and spotted irregularly, but very spar- ingly, with reddish brown and lilac; .80 + 1.05 to .85 + 1.15. Known from those of No. 214 by the smaller size, fewer spot- tings, and lighter color. Breeds in the northern portion of Eastern North America, from Nova Scotia and Hudson’s Bay, westward, to Utah and Nevada, in June. 216. Brack Rai, Porzana jamaicensis. Eggs, 6 to 8, oval, creamy, faintly dotted and spotted with reddish brown; .75 ++ 1.00 to .80 + 1.05. Known from all of our other Rails by the small size, sparse markings, and light colors. 216a. FaraLtonen Rat, Porzana jamaicensis coturniclus. Eggs, unknown. Breeds on the Farallone Islands, California. 217. Corn Crake, Crex crex. Eggs, 9 to 12, oval, pale buff, spotted and blotched with reddish brown and lilac; 1.50 + 1.78 to 1.55 + 1.75. Extralimital; occurs in Europe; the bird is casual in Greenland, the Bermudas, and Eastern North America. 218. PurpPLe GaLuInuLe, Jonornis martinica. HKggs, 6 to 8, rather elliptical, deep creamy, spotted, dotted, and blotched rather sparingly with reddish brown and lilac; 1.15 + 1.70 to 1.20 + 1.75. Known by the deep buff color, small size, and sparse markings. Breeds in the South Atlantic and Gulf States, in May. 219. Frormpa Gatuinutz, Gallinula galatea. (Type, Plate TV.) Eggs, 8 to 10, oval, creamy buff, spotted and dotted 21g God M. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 35 with brown and umber; 1.20 + 1.75 to 1.80 + 1.80. Known from those of No. 218 by the large size, oval form, and dark markings. Breeds throughout tropical and temperate America, from Canada, southward, to Brazil and Chili, but is not com- mon in the Eastern and Middle States. The eggs are laid in May. 220. Eurorpran Coot, /wlica atra. Eggs, 6 to 10, oval, chalky white, finely and plentifully dotted and spotted with black. Known by the fine black dottings and large size. Ex- tralimital; occurs throughout the northern portions of the Eastern Hemisphere; the bird has been taken in Greenland. 221. American Coot, fulica americana. Eggs, 6 to 10, similar in form and markings to those of No. 220, but smaller; 1.15 + 1.80 to 1.40-+- 2.00. Breeds throughout North America, from Greenland and Alaska, southward, to Florida, but less commonly in the eastern portions. Nests in May. Known by the fine black spottings. ORDER VIII.— LIMICOLAS. Shore Birds. Eges, usually pyriform in shape, generally boldly and hand- somely marked, seldom, if ever, unspotted, few in number, and, almost without exception, placed on the ground, cither in some depression of the soil or surface on which they are laid, or a little grass serves for a nest. Famiry XXII.— PHALAROPODIDA. Puauaropss. Eggs, decidedly pyriform, handsomely spotted and blotched, and dark in color. Nests, composed of a little grass. 222. Rep Puararorz, Crymophilus fulicarius. (Type, - Plate IV.) Eggs, 2 to 4, pyriform, varying from greenish to yellowish ash, spotted and blotched irregularly, thickly, and, usually, coarsely, with brown or varying shades; .85 + 1.15 to .90 + 1.30. Known from those of No. 223 by the superior size. 36 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 223. NorTuEerRN Puauaropr, Phalaropus lobatus. Hggs, 2 to 4, similar to the last in form and color, but smaller; .75 +- 1.02 to .80 +. 1.30. Breeds in the Arctic regions of the North- ern Hemisphere, in June. 224, Wuson’s Puatarorr, Phalaropus tricolor. Eggs, 2 to 4, similar in form and color to those of No. 222, but slightly larger; .90 +-1.20 to .95 +. 1.35. Breeds in the interior of North America, from Northern Illinois and Utah, northward, to the Saskatchewan region, in May. Famiry XXII. — RECURVIROSTRIDA. Avocets and STILTS. Kegs, rather pyriform in shape, dark in color, heavily blotched and spotted. 225. AmeERIcAN Avocet, Recurvirostra americana. Eggs, 3 or 4, sub-pyriform, dark ashy yellow, spotted and blotched irregularly with rather small rounded or oblong marks of dark ‘brown. Breeds throughout Western North America, from the Saskatchewan and Great Slave Lake region, southward, in May. Eggs distinguished from those of the next species by the supe- rior size, and from those of other Shore Birds by the dark color. 226. Buack-NECKED Stitt, Himantopus mexicanus. HKges, 3 or 4, similar in form and color to those of No. 225, but smaller; 1.15 + 1.52 to 1.25-+- 1.76. Nests of this and of the preceding species composed of grass, and placed near water, but in dry situations. Breeds from Northern United States southward, west of the Mississippi River; also in Florida, the Bahamas, and West Indies; in the southern sec- tions, during the last of April; later, farther north. Famity XXIV.— SCOLOPACIDA. Snipes, Sanpprrers, ETC. Eggs, most decidedly pyriform in shape, generally dark in color. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 37 Nests, composed of grass, moss, or other similar material, and are placed in dry situations except when otherwise stated. 227. EvropraAn Woopcock, Scolopax rusticolor. Eggs, 3 or 4, oval, pale yellowish white, blotehed and spotted with ashy yellow and yellowish brown or reddish; 1.75 +- 1.83 to 1.85 +- 1.80. Extralimital; breeds in the northern portions of the Old World, but the birds have been taken in Eastern North America. 228. AmeRIcAN Woopcock. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather oval or short pyriform, varying from creamy to buff, spotted and blotched irregularly, but quite thickly and coarsely, with pale reddish brown of varying shades; 1.10 4+ 1.65 to 1.20-+-1.70. Known from all American eggs by the pale colors and oval or short pyriform shape. Breeds in the eastern provinces of North America, westward, to Dakota and Kansas; from the British Provinces, southward, to the Gulf of Mexico and Northern Florida; in the latter named sectici, in February; farther north, in April. 229. Europran Snipz, Gallinago gallinago. Eggs, 2 to 4, pyriform, varying from pale greenish brown to yellowish ash, spotted and blotched irregularly and rather faintly with rounded marks of pale reddish brown, the greater portion of the mark- ings being on the larger end; 1.05 -+ 1.50 to 1.10 + 1.60. Extralimital; occurs in the northern parts of the Old World; the bird is frequently found in Greenland, and is accidental in the Bermudas. 230. Wison’s Syiez, Galinago delicata. Hegs, 3 or 4, in- distinguishable from those of No. 229; in both species the eggs are occasionally marked with lines and scrawls. Known by the decidedly greenish color. Nests placed in marshes. Breeds from Northern United States, northward, in June. 231. DowrircnEr, Macroramphus griseus. Eggs, 2 to 4, pyriform, varying from pale greenish brown to yellowish ash, spotted and blotched irregularly, and usually faintly, with light reddish brown and umber; 1.10-+-1.55 to 1.15-+ 1.75. Known 58 HGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. by the pale colors and pyriform shape. Breeds in the extreme northern portions of North America, in June. 232. Lone-BiLLED Dowrrcnrr, Macroramphus scolopaceus. Eggs, 3 or 4, pyriform, decidedly rufous drab, blotched with deep sepia brown; 1.15 + 1.80 to 1.20 +. 1.85. Known from those of No. 251 by the decidedly rufous ground-color. Breeds in the western portion of Northern North America, in May. 233. Srirt Sanppiper, JMicropalama himantopus. Hggs, 3 or 4, oblong pyriform, grayish white, with large round and scattering markings of brown; 1.05-++ 1.45 to 1.10 + 1.50. Breeds north of the United States, in June. 234. Knot, Zringa canutus. Eggs, evidently unknown. Breeds in high northern latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. 235. PurpLe SANDPIPER, Tringa maritima. Eggs, 3 or 4, decidedly pyriform, varying from yellowish ash to greenish, spotted and blotched irregularly and rather coarsely with brown of varying shades; .90 + 1.80 to 1.00 + 1.40. Known by the coarse markings, greenish shade, and pyriform shape. Breeds in the extreme northern portion of the Northern: Hem- isphere. 236. ALEUTIAN SANDPIPER, 7ringa cousei. Eggs, unknown. Occurs on the Aleutian Islands and coast of Alaska, northward, to St. Michael’s. 237. Pripytov Sanpprper, T7ringa ptilocnemis. Eggs, 2 or 3, decidedly pyriform, clear drab, boldly marked with large blotches of sepia, mingled with other markings; 1.10 + 1.50 to 1.12 + 1.60. Breeds in the Pribylov Islands and Alaska, in May. 238. Smarp-TAILED Sanppiper, Tringa acuminata. I can find no description of the eggs of this species. Occurs in Eastern Asia and on the coast of Alaska. 239, PecroraL Sanppieer, Tringa maculata. Eggs, un- known. Breeds in the Arctic regions of North America. 240. WuirE-RuMPED Sanppiper, Tringa fusicollis. HKggs, 3 or 4, pyriform, rufous drab, boldly marked with very dark EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 39 sepia brown; .95 + 1.35 to 1.00-++ 1.40. Breeds in the far north of Eastern North America. 241. Batrv’s Sanpprirer, Tringa bairdi. Eggs, 2 to 4, pyri- form, varying from ashy yellow to buff, spotted and blotched with brown of two or three shades; .90 + 1.28 to .95 + 1.35. Breeds in the interior of Northern North America, in May. 242. Least Sanppiper, Tringa minutilta. HKgegs, 3 or 4, pyriform, varying from creamy to buff, spotted and blotched irregularly and quite thickly with brown and umber of varying shades; .70 + .90 to .75-+ 1.00. Known by the small size and form. Breeds in North America, north of the United States. 243. Dunum, Tringa alpina. Eggs, 2 to 4, pyriform, varying from greenish to yellowish, blotched and dotted irregularly and thickly with rounded marks of reddish brown of several shades; .95 + 1.30 to 1.00 + 1.85. Known by the greenish color, size, and coarse markings. Extralimital; occurs in the northern parts of the Old World; accidental in North America. 243a. Rep-BaAcKED SANDPIPER, Tringa alpina pacifica. Eges, indistinguishable from those of No. 245. Breeds in the extreme northern portion of North America. 244. CurLew Sanppirer, Tringa ferruginea. Eggs, un- known. Extralimital; occurs in the Old World; accidental in North America. 244a, Damacen Sanppreer, Tringa damacensis. Eggs, unknown. This species only claims a place in our fauna through a specimen having been taken in Alaska, on Otter Island, Bering’s Sea. 245. Spoon-BitL Sanpprper, Hurynorhynchus pygmeus. Eggs, unknown. Extralimital; occurs in Arctic Asia; acciden- tal on the coast of Alaska. 246. SemMIPALMATED SanppiPer, Hrewnetes pusillus. Eggs, 2 to 4, decidedly pyriform, varying from ¢reenish to yellowish ash, spotted, dotted, and blotched irregularly and thickly with 40 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. brown of varying shades; .80 + 1.20 to .85- 1.25. Known from those of No. 242 by the large size and greenish color. Breeds in Eastern North America, north of the United States, late in May. 247. WerstTERN Sanpprrer, Hreunetes occidentalis. Eggs, 3 or 4, pyriform, light grayish buff, thickly spotted with reddish sepia; .80 + 1.20 to .90 + 1.25. Breeds in Western North America, in the far north, in May. 248. SaNDERLING, Calidris arenaria. Eggs, 2 to 4, pyri- form, varying from dark ashy yellow to greenish brown, spotted and blotched with brown of varying shades; .40 -++ 1.85 to .45 + 1.45. Known by the size and general dark color. Breeds in Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of the globe. 249. Marsiep Gopwit, Limosa fedoa. Eggs, 2 to 4, long oval, varying from creamy to pale buff, spotted and blotched rather sparingly with yellowish brown of varying shades, with the usual paler shell-markings; 1.45 + 2.20 to 1.50 + 2.25. Known by the peculiar form, size, and pale color. Breeds in the interior of North America, from Utah, northward, in May. 250. Pactric Gopwit, Limosa lapponica baueri. Heggs, 2 or 3, oblong oval, varying from pale drab to greenish, spotted and blotched with umber; 1.43 + 2.25 to 1.45-+- 2.25. Breeds on the shores and islands of the Pacific; in North America only in Alaska, in May. 251. Hupsonian Gopwit, Limosa hemastica. Eggs, 3 or 4, pyriform, very dark greenish brown, somewhat obscurely blotched with dark brown; 1.55-++- 2.15 to 1.40-+2.20. Known by the large size, form, and dark color. Breeds in the extreme north of Eastern North America, in May. 252. Buack-raitep Gopwit, Limosa limosa. Eggs, quite similar to those of No. 251. Extralimital; breeds in the north- ern parts of the Old World; bird accidental in Greenland. 253. GREEN-SHANK, Totanus nebularis. Eggs, 3 or 4, pyri- form, pale yellowish green, spotted with dark brown and light purplish drab; 1.88 + 2.25 ‘to 1.42-+ 2.10. Extralimital; occurs in the Eastern Hemisphere; bird accidental in Florida. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 41 254. GreatER YELLOw-LEGS, Totanus melanoleucus. Eggs, 3 or 4, pyriform, pale greenish yellow, spotted and blotched with umber and pale purplish gray ; 1.56 -+- 2.25 to 1.58 +. 2.30. Breeds in North Temperate and sub-Arctic North America, in May. 255. YELLOw-LEGs, Totanus flavipes. Eggs, 2 or 4, pyri- form, varying from creamy to ashy buff, spotted and blotched irregularly with umber brown of varying shades; 1.15 + 1.60 to 1.20 + 1.80. Known by the size and light ground-color. Breeds in North Temperate and sub-Arctic North America. 256. SoLirary SANDPIPER, Totanus solitarius. Eggs, 2 to 4, pyriform, varying from creamy to pale buff, spotted and blotched, usually quite coarsely, with brown of varying shades, but generally dark; .95-+- 1.55 to 1.00-++ 1.40. The eggs described are from Utah, and were placed on the ground. Breeds in Northern North America, from Utah and Northern New England, northward. 257. GREEN SaNnppirPeR, Totanus ochropus. Eggs, 3 or 4, pear-shaped, grayish green, sparingly spotted and blotched with pale purplish gray and dark brown; 1.08 + 1.50 to 1.12* + 1.55. Eggs placed in trees, in the deserted nests of large birds. Breeds in the northern portions of the Old World; bird accidental in Nova Scotia. 258. WitLet, Symphemia semipalmata. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather blunt pyriform, varying from creamy to greenish, usually of the latter shade, spotted and blotched irregularly and quite _ thickly with rounded marks of reddish brown umber and lilac; 1.90 + 2.18 to 1.45 + 1.58. Breeds from Southern New Eng- land and Western Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, east of the Mississippi River; also in the Bahamas. 258a. WrEsTERN WitLeT, Symphemia semipalmata inor- nata. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 258. Breeds throughout the Central Plains, in May. This sub-species has been described by Mr. William Brewster, in the “ Auk,” April, 1887. 42, EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 259. Wanperine Tatier, Heteractitis incanus. Eggs, un- known. Breeds on the eastern islands and shores of the Pacific Ocean. The bird is a frequent migrant on the coast of Alaska. 260. Rurr, Pavoncella pugnax. Eggs, 2 to 4, oblong, pyri- form, olivaceous, spotted and blotched with umber and reddish brown; 1.09 + 1.60 to 1.12- 1.60. Extralimital; occurs in the northern parts of the Old World. Accidental in Eastern North America. 261. Barrramran SanppiPeR, Bartramia longicauda. Eggs, 2 to 4, rather short pyriform, pale buff, spotted and dotted sparingly and irregularly, usually more thickly on the larger end, with yellowish brown of varying shades; 1.25 + 1.75 to 1.85 + 1.90. Known by the short pyriform shape, pale colors, and rather fine spottings. Breeds throughout Eastern North America, from the Carolinas to Nova Scotia, and also in Alaska, in May. 262. Burr-BREASTED SanppiPer, Tryngites subruficollis. Eggs, 2 to 4, pyriform, varying from ashy yellow to greenish brown, spotted and blotched irregularly with umber and brown of varying shades; 1.02-- 1.40 to 1.10+4- 1.50. Known by the ‘size, dark colors, and heavy, abundant markings. Breeds in the interior of British America, and in the Yucon district, northward to the Arctic coast, in May. 2638. SporreD SanppipErR, Actis macularia. (Type, Plate VI.) Eggs, 3 or 4, decidedly pyriform, varying from creamy to buff, spotted, blotched, and dotted with rounded marks of reddish brown and lilac; .90 + 1.20 to .95-+-1.40. Known by the size and rounded markings. Breeds throughout temperate North America, in May. 264. Lone-sintep Curtew, Numenius longirostris. Eggs, 2 to 4, rather oval, varying from ashy yellow to greenish, spotted, blotched, and dotted irregularly with brown, umber, and lilac of varying shades; 1.80 4- 2.40 to 1.90 + 2.88. The largest of the Shore Birds’ eggs. Breeds in the South Atlantic States, excepting, perhaps, Florida, and through the interior of temperate North America. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 43 265. Hupsonran Curtew, Numenius hudsonicus. Egos, 3 on or 4, pyriform, varying from ashy yellow to greenish, spotted and blotched irregularly and thickly with brown and umber of varying shades; 1.50 + 2.20 to 1.60 + 2.30. Breeds in the far north. 266. Eskimo Curtew, Wumenius borealis. Eggs, 2 to 4, rather oval, varying from ashy to greenish brown, spotted and blotched coarsely with brown and umber; 1.30 + 1.90 to 1.85 ++ 2.00. Known by the oval form and coarse markings. Breeds in the eastern Arctic regions of North America. 267. WuimBrEL, Numenius pheopus. Hggs, 2 to 4, pyri- form, varying from light to dark greenish brown, spotted and clouded with dark umber; 1.51 + 2.25 to 1.60 + 2.57. Extra- limital; breeds in the northern parts of the Old World, but the bird occurs in Greenland. 268. BrisTLE-THIGHED CuRLEW, WNumenius tahitiensis. Eggs, unknown. Extralimital; breeds in the islands of the Pacific. The bird is occasional on the coast of Alaska. 269. Lapwine, Vanellus vanellus. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather pyri- form, deep yellowish ash, spotted and blotched with dark brown; 1.31 + 1.80 to 1.86 + 1.85. Extralimital; breeds in the northern parts of the Eastern Hemisphere. The bird is occasional in Greenland and Alaska. .270. Biack-BELLIED PLover, Charadrius squatrola. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather pyriform, brownish drab, spotted and blotched boldly with dark brown, the spots often becoming so large as to be confluent; 1.40 4 2.12 to 1.45 4 2.35. Known by the size and large confluent markings. Breeds in the Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. 271. GotpEN PLover, Charadrius apricarius. Eggs, 2 to 4, pyriform, deep buff, blotched and spotted with brown of varying shades, with the markings large and confluent; 1.25 +- 1.80 to 145+ 2.10. Extralimital; breeds in Europe. The bird occurs in Greenland. 272. AmERICAN GoLDEN Ptover, Charadrius dominicus. Eggs, 3 or 4, pyriform, ashy yellow, spotted, blotched, and 44 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. dotted boldly with deep brown, with the larger markings often confluent, especially towards the larger end; 1.25 +- 1.60 to 1.30 + 1.65. IXnown by the ashy color and large confluent blotches. . Breeds in Arctic America, in June. 272a. Paciric GOLDEN PLovER, Charadrius dominicus ful- vus. Eggs, 3 or 4, pyriform, yellowish gray, blotched and spotted with deep brownish sepia; 1.10 + 1.50 to 1.15 +- 1.55. Breeds in Asia and on islands in the Pacific; in North America, on the Pribylov Islands and coast of Alaska, in June. 273. KiILLpEER, -dgialitis vocifera. LKges, 3 or 4, pyriform, creamy, spotted and lined with dark brown and umber, but spottings, not lines, predominate; 1.00 + 1.85 to 1.05 + 1.50. Known by the creamy color and preponderance of spots. Breeds throughout temperate North America, from the Caro- linas, northward; rare in New England. Eggs laid in May. 274. SEMIPALMATED PLovEr, gialitis semipalmata. Eggs, 3 or 4, pyriform, spotted irregularly and plentifully with brown of varying shades; .90 + 1.35 to .95-++- 1.40. Known by the abundance of spots and ‘absence of lines. Breeds in Arctic and sub-Arctic America, in June. 275. Rina Puiover, Zgialitis hiaticula. Eggs, 3 or 4, in- distinguishable from those of No. 274. Breeds in the northern portions of the Old World, and in America on the west shore of Cumberland Gulf. 276. Lirrte Rine Prover, Agialitis dubia. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather pyriform, varying from buff to creamy, spotted and dotted, not coarsely, with dark brown and black, with the usual paler shell-markings; .90 + 1.30 to .95 + 1.35. Known by the creamy color and medium coarse markings. Extralimital; breeds in the Eastern Hemisphere. Birds accidental on the coast of California and Alaska. 277. Prerine Prover, gialitis meloda. (Type, Plate VI.) flees, 4 or 5, pyriform, pale yellowish ash, finely and thickly dotted with black, yellowish, and lilac; .90 + 1.10 to 1.00 + 1.20. Known by the pale color and fine dottings. Breeds from — EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 45 the coast of Virginia, northward, to the Magdalen Islands, Gulf of St. Lawrence, in early June. 277a. Brettep Pieinc PLover, gialitis melodia circum- cincta. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 277. Breeds in the Missouri River region, and perhaps occasionally on the Atlantic coast. 278. Snowy Prover, MMgialitis nivosa. Eggs, 3 or 4, light clay-color, thickly sprinkled with blackish brown in lines and scratches; resemble those of No. 277, but differ in having more decided lines. Breeds on the western coast of North America, from April to July. 279. Moneorian Piover, Agialitis mongola. Eggs, prob- ably unknown. Extralimital; breeds in Northern Asia. The bird is accidental in Alaska. 280. Witson’s Prover, Zgialitis wilsonia. (Type, Plate VI.) Eggs, 2 or 3, similar to those of No. 278, but lined throughout, and not spotted; 1.00 + 1.35 to 1.05 + 1.40. Known by the numerous lines and absence of rounded spots. Breeds on both coasts of America, f?om Lower California and Long Island to Brazil and Peru, including the West Indies and Bahamas. 281. Mountain Prover, dgialitis montana. Eggs, 2 to 4, decidedly pyriform, greenish brown, finely and plentifully dotted with very dark brown and black; 1.10 + 1.40 to 1.12 + 1.50. Known by the dark color and fine dottings. Breeds in temperate North America, westward, in May. Famity VI.— APHRIZIDA. Surr Breps and TurnstTones. Kggs not so decidedly pyriform as in the last family, and darker in color, as a rule. 282. Surr Brrp, Aphriza virgata. Eggs, unknown to me. Occurs on the Pacific coast of America, from Alaska to Chili and the Sandwich Islands. 283. TurnsTonr, Arenaria interpres. Eggs, 2 to 4, some- what pyriform, greenish ash, spotted and blotched irregularly 46 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. with yellowish brown and scattering dots of umber; 1.17 ++ 1.57 to 1.20-+1.65. Known by the size and dark color. Breeds in Arctic regions around the globe, in June. 284. Biack ‘TuRNSTONE, Arenaria melanocephala. Eggs, 3 or 4, oblong pyriform, olivaceous drab, profusely marbled with suffused spottings and dottings; 1.15 + 1.58 to 1.19 + 1.85. Breeds in Alaska. Famity XI.— HAMATOPODIDA. Ovysrer-Catcuers. Liggs, rather oval, pale in color, and boldly spotted, placed on the sand by the sea-shore, but little or no nest being con- structed. 285. OysTer-catcHEeR, Hematopus ostralegus. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather oval, yellowish ashy, spotted and blotched with ashy gray and dark brown; 1.50 + 2.17 to 1.55 4+- 2.20. Extralim- ital; occurs on the sea-coast of the Eastern Hemisphere. The bird is occasional in Greenland. 286. AmeERICAN OysteER-cATcHER. SH/@matopus palliatus. Eggs, 2 to 4, rather oval, creamy or white, spotted and blotched irregularly with brown of varying shades; 1.50 4+ 2.15 to 1.55 + 2.25. Known from those of No. 285 by lighter color. Breeds on the sea-coasts of temperate and tropical America, from New Jersey and Lower California to Patagonia; also on the Bahamas. 287. Brack OysTER-cATcHER, Haematopus bachmant. Eggs, 3 or 4, indistinguishable in form and color from those of No. 286; 1.52 + 2.18 to 1.59 + 2.29. Breeds on the Pacific coast of North America, from California to Alaska. Famity XIJI.—JACANIDA. Jacanas. Members of this family mainly inhabit the tropics, and their breeding habits appear to be but little known. 288. Mexican Jacana, Jacana gymnostoma. Eggs, 4, rounded oval, light drab, marbled with a network of lines and spots of black and dark brown, about the size of those of the EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. AT Virginia Rail. Breeds in Mexico, Central America, and Cuba, thus extralimital; but the bird is said to occur in the lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas. ORDER Ill.—GALLINA‘. Gallinaceous Birds. Birds of this order usually lay a large number of eggs, which are placed on the ground in a rude nest of leaves, ete., they are variously colored and sometimes spotted. Famiry V.— TETRAONIDA. Grousr, Partringss, Erc. Eggs, varying in form from pyriform to oval; they are white, buff, or creamy, plain or spotted. 289. Bos-wuirE, Colinus virginianus. (Type, Plate VI.) Eggs, 8 to 20, decidedly short pyriform, white and unspotted, 95 + 1.30 to 1.00 + 1.85. Breeds in Eastern United States, from Southern Maine to the South Atlantic and Gulf States, westward to Dakota, Eastern Kansas, and Eastern Texas. 289a. Fiorina Bos-wuirer, Colinus virginianus floridanus. Eges, 8 to 15, indistinguishable from those of No. 289, except- ing in being a little smaller. Breeds in Florida. 289). Texan Bon-wuitr, Colinus virginianus texanus. Eges, 8 to 15, indistinguishable from those of No. 289a. Breeds in Southern and Western Texas, northward to Western Kansas. 290. Grayson’s Born-wuitr, Colinus graysoni. Eggs, un- known. Breeds in Mexico, northward into Southern Arizona. 291. Maskep Bos-wuirr, Colinus ridgwayi. Eggs, un- known. Breeds on the Mexican border of Arizona and south- ward. 292. Mountain Partriper, Oreortyx pictus. Eggs, 8 to 20, rather oval, rich cream-color, unspotted; 1.10 + 1.46 to 48 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 1.12 + 1.48. Breeds in Washington Territory, Oregon, and northern coast region of California, in May. 292a., PrumepD Parrrines, Oreortyx pictus plumiferus. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 292. Breeds in the Sierra Nevada and southern coast ranges of California, to Cape St. Lucas. 293. ScaLeD PartrinGE, Callipepla squamata. Eggs, 6 to 8, short pyriform, creamy, sprinkled and blotched rather more thickly and coarsely on the larger end, with very pale yellow- ish drab; 1.00 + 1.25 to 1.05 +. 1.55. Breeds on the table- lands of Mexico, into Western Texas, New Mexico, and Ari- zona, in May and June. 293a. CHESTNUT-BELLIED ScALED PartripGs, Callipepla squamata castanogastris. Eggs, probably indistinguishable from those of No. 293, but are said to be oval in form. Breeds in Kastern Mexico and lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas, in May. 294. Cauirornia PartrinGE, Callipepla californica. (Type, Plate VI.) Eggs, 8 to 20, short pyriform, creamy, blotched, sprinkled, and spotted, coarsely or finely, varying greatly indi- vidually, with rather pale reddish brown; .90 + 1.20 to 1.00 + 1.80. Breeds in the coast region of California and Oregon, in May and June. 294a. Vatiey Partringe, Callipepla californica vallicola. Kges, indistinguishable from those of No. 294. Breeds in the interior valleys and foot-hills of the Pacific province, southward to Cape St. Lucas, in May and June. 295. GAMBELL’s PartripgE, Callipepla gambeli. Eggs, 6 to 15, indistinguishable from those of No. 294. Breeds in Western Texas, New Mexico, Southern Utah, Arizona, lower Colorado Valley, and southward into Western Mexico. 296. Massena Partriper, Cyrtonyx montezume. Eggs, unknown. Breeds in Northwestern Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Northwestern Mexico. 297. Dusky Groussz, Dendragapus obscurus. Eggs, 6 to 10, oval, pale cream-color, finely spotted with reddish brown; 1.40 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 49 + 1.90 to 1.45 + 1.95. Breeds in the Rocky Mountains, from Central Montana to New Mexico and Arizona. 297a. Soory -Grousn, Dendragapus obscurus fuliginosus. Eggs, similar to those of No. 297. Breeds in the northwest coast mountains, from California to Sitka. 2976. Ricnarpson’s GrousE, Dendragapus obscurus rich- ardsonit. Eggs, similar to those of No. 297 in form and color, but are smaller; 1.85 -+- 1.72 to 1.86 + 1.75. Breeds in the Rocky Mountains, from Central Montana, northward, into British America. 298. Canapa GrousE, Dendragapus canadensis. Eggs, 8 to 10, oblong oval, deep buff, spotted and sprinkled with brown of varying shades; 1.20 -+4+ 1.68 to 1.22-+4+-1.75. Breeds in British America east of the Rocky Mountains, from Alaska, southward, to Northern Michigan, Northern New York, and Northern New England, in May. 299. Frankuin’s Grouse, Dendragapus franklinii. Leggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 298. Breeds in the North- ern Rocky Mountains, and to the Pacific coast, but generally north of the United States. 300. Rurrep Grouse, Bonasa umbellus. (Type, Plate VI.) Eggs, 8 to 12, rather oval, creamy or buff, usually plain, but occasionally spotted with reddish; 1.08 +- 1.45 to 1.20 + 1.65. Breeds throughout the Eastern United States, southward to North Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, and Arkansas. 300a. Canapian Rurrep Grousz, Bonasa umbellus togata. Eggs, not to be distinguished from those of No. 300. Breeds in the densely timbered portion of Northern Maine and the British Provinces, westward to Eastern Oregon and Washing- ton Territory. 3006. Gray Rurrep Grouse, Bonasa umbellus umbelloides. Higgs, indistinguishable from those of No. 300. Breeds in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States and British America, northward to Alaska. 300c. OrEGoN Rurrep Grousr, Bonasa umbellus sabini. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 300. Breeds in the 50 . EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. Rocky Mountain region of the United States, northward to Alaska. 301.) Wittow Prarmiean, Lagopus lagopus. (Type, Plate VI.) Eggs, 8 to 15, oval, reddish buff, spotted and mottled, usually quite thickly, with large confluent blotches of purplish brown; 1.15 + 1.80 to 1.20 + 1.85. Breeds in Arctic North America, in June. 301a. ALLEN’s Prarmican, Lagopus lagopus allani. Eggs,’ indistinguishable from those of No. 301. Breeds in Newfounc- land. 302. Rock Prarmican, Lagopus rupestris. Eggs, indis- tinguishable from those of No. 301, excepting that they are perhaps a little smaller; 1.10 + 1.55 to 1.12- 1.65. Breeds in Arctic North America. 302a. Reinuarpt’s Prarmican, Lagopus rupesiris rein- hardti. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 302. Breeds in Greenland and on the western shores of Cumberland Gulf. 302. Turner’s Prarmican, Lagopus rupestris atkhensis. Eggs, unknown, but probably indistinguishable from those of No. 302. Breeds on Atkha Island, Aleutian group. 303. Wertcn’s Prarmican, Lagopus welchi. Eggs are, I think, undescribed, but probably resemble those of No. 302. Breeds in Newfoundland. 304. Wuitr-TaAILep Prarmican, Lagopus leucurus. Eggs, 8 to 10, oval, or oblong oval, yellowish cream, marked with small rounded spots of deep chestnut, quite uniformly dis- tributed over the entire surface; 1.20 + 1.80 to 1.22 + 1.85. Breeds on the alpine summits of the mountains of Western North America, from New Mexico, northward, into British America. 305. Prairte Hen, Tympanuchus americanus. Eggs, 8 to 15, oval, varying from dirty white to greenish yellow, unspotted, or often finely dotted with reddish yellow; 1.20 + 1.60 to 1.30 + 1.75. Breeds on the prairies of the Mississippi Valley, southward to Louisiana, eastward to Kentucky and Indiana, in May. PIS Phe Vi —— ee = = TS ti = — a J = _— - ' as cf , ~ oe ie { ‘ a cs : { . s ‘ > A ¥ ‘ * 7 2 . d rl / yma 5 f 2 i 5 i ; 7 ve ri ’ - rs . - % a 3 ; ; - y oh ‘ : : ; \ - . ‘ E jf : i ; ; : i Pi . = Sp = , yy ° < at , 7 P ; : : qi - : ‘ 7 . * é - F | at > s - s Z ; _ 4 ‘ ; ly - * J = Hi 4 . , * EGGS OF NORTI AMERICAN BIRDS. 51 306. Hearn Hen, Zympanuchus cupido. Eggs, 6 to 10, oval, yellowish green, of a lighter shade than those of No. 305, and unspotted ; 1.25 + 1.72 to 1.27 +.1.75. Breeds on the island of Martha’s Vineyard, Mass., in May. 307. Lesser Pratrtie Hen, Tympanuchus pallidicinctus. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 305 in form and color, but are a little smaller. Breeds on the eastern edges of the Great Plains, from Texas northward. 308. SHarp-TAILED Grouse, Pediocetes phasianellus. Kggs, 10 to 14, oval, varying from ashy yellow to reddish brown, often plain, but frequently sprinkled with dark brown; 1.25 +- 1.75 to 1.28 + 1.78. Breeds in British America, from the northern shores of Lake Superior and British Columbia to Hudson’s Bay Territory and Alaska, in June. 308a. CoLUMBIAN SHARP-TAILED GROUSE, Pediocetes phasi- anellus columbianus. Eggs, similar to those of No. 308, but are paler and larger; 1.30-+ 1.80 to 1.82 4+ 1.85. Breeds on the plains of Northwestern United States, in May. 3084. Prarrie SHARP-TAILED GrousE, Pediocetes phasia- nellus campestris. Eggs, similar to those of No. 308, but per- haps a little smaller on the average; 1.23 + 1.66. Breeds on the plains and prairies of the United States, east of the Rocky Mountains, south to New Mexico, in May. 309. Sage Groussr, Centrocercus urophasianus. Hogs, 6 to 17, rather pointed, oval, varying from greenish to yellowish drab, thickly marked with rounded spots of reddish brown of varying shades; 1.50 + 2.20 to 1.45 + 2.15. Breeds on the sage plains of the Rocky Mountain plateau and westward, from Dakota, Colorado, and New Mexico, to Nevada, Eastern California, Oregon, and Washington Territory, in April. Famitry XXX.— PHASIANIDA. Pueasants, Turkeys, Etc. Members of this family deposit their eggs, which are numer- ous, on the ground in retired situations, in coarse nests made of leaves or other similar material. 52, EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 310. Wiwp Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo. (Type, Plate VIII.) Eggs, 10 to 20, short, oval, varying from creamy to buff, spotted and dotted, usually quite thickly, with reddish brown; 1.85 + 2.45 to 2.00 + 2.50. Breeds in the wilder sections of the United States, from Southern Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, west of the central plains, in May. 310a. Mexican Witp Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo mexi- cana. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 310. Breeds in Southwestern United States, from Texas to Arizona, south over the table-lands of Mexico. Famity XXXI.—CRACIDAL. Curassows and Guans. North American species of this family place their eggs in trees or bushes, and they are plainly colored. The nests are roughly constructed of sticks, grass, leaves, etc. 311. Caacnanaca, Ortalis vetula maccalli. Eggs, 3 or 4, oblong, oval, buffy, unspotted, but with the shell conspicuously roughened; 1.65 + 2.35 to 1.67 + 2.40. Breeds in the valley of the Rio Grande, and southward into Mexico, in April. ORDER XI.—COLUMB4s. Pigeons. Eggs, few in number, usually 2; white, or creamy, and unmarked. Nests of sticks, roughly constructed; and in American species, as a rule, placed in trees, but occasionally on the ground. Famity XXXIT.—COLUMBID. Picrons and Doves. Eggs, white or creamy in color, elliptical in form; size alone distinguishes them. Unless otherwise .mentioned, the nests are placed in elevated situations. 312. Banp-raitep Picron, Coluwnba fasciata. Eggs, 2, creamy; 1.15 + 1.49 to 1.20-+ 1.55. Nests, placed on the ground. Breeds throughout Western United States, from EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 53 Washington Territory and New Mexico south to Guatemala, in April. 312a. Viosca’s Piaron, Columba fasciata viosce. A new sub-species, described by Mr. Brewster in the “ Auk” for Janu- ary, 1888. Breeds in Lower California. Eggs unknown. 313. Rep-BILLED Picron, Columba flavirostris. Eggs, 2, creamy; 1.00 +- 1.45 to 1.06 + 1.48. Breeds on the southern border of the United States, from Arizona and the Rio Grande Valley, south to Costa Rica. 314. Wnuitr-crownep Picron, Columba leucocephala. Eggs, 2, creamy white; 1.02 + 1.40 to 1.05 + 1.45. Nests placed on the ground or on bushes or low trees. Breeds on the Florida Keys, Bahamas, Greater Antilles, and coast of Honduras, in June. 315. PassencEerR Picron, Ectopistes migratorius. Eggs, elliptical, sometimes oval, white; 1.00 + 1.50 to 1.12 + 1.55. Breeds in suitable locations, in Eastern North America, from Hudson’s Bay south, at least to Pennsylvania, and west to the Great Plains. Now very rare even in the wildest sections. 316. Mourntnc Dove, Zenaidura macroura. (Type, Plate IX.) Eggs, often oval, varying from white to creamy; 79 + 1.02 to .90 + 1.23. Nests in trees. Breeds through- out North America, from Southern Maine, Southern Canada, and Oregon, south to Panama and Key West; in May, or earlier, in the more southern sections. 317. ZenawwA Dove, Zenaida zenaida. HKgegs, white; 1.00 + 1.20 to 1.05 +. 1.30. Nests placed on the ground or in trees or bushes. Breeds rarely on the Florida Keys, not uncom- monly on the Bahamas, Greater Antilles, and coast of Yucatan, in May and June. 318. WuitE-rronteD Dove, Engypiila albifrons. Eggs, creamy; .88 + 1.17 to .98 + 1.25. Breeds in the valley of the Lower Rio Grande in Texas, and southward to Guatemala, in April. bf HGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 319. Wuuirr-wIncep Dover, Melopelia leucoptera. Eges, decidedly creamy; .94 + 1.31 to .95 + 1.35. Breeds on the southern border of the United States, from Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and Lower California, southward to Costa Rica and the West Indies, in May. 320. Grounp Dover, Columbigallina passerina. Eggs, white; .63 -+ .80 to .65 + .90. Nests placed on the ground or in trees or bushes. Breeds in the South Atlantic and Gulf States, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California, in May. 320a. Mexican Grounp Dover, Columbigallina passerina pallescens. Kegs, indistinguishable from those of No. 520, and nests in similar situations. Breeds in Southwestern United States, south through Mexico to Central America. 321. Inca Dove, Scardafella inca. Eggs, white; .60 -+ .82 to .72 + .95. Nests placed in trees or bushes. Breeds in the tio Grande Valley, Arizona, and Lower California, south to Guatemala, in May. 322. Key West Quaint Dove, Geotrygon martinica. Eggs appear to be undescribed. Nests are said to be placed on the ground or in trees or bushes. Extralimital; breeds in the West Indies and Bahamas; birds perhaps casual on the Florida Keys. Time of nesting is probably May. 323. BLUE-HEADED Quam Dove, Starnenas cyanocephala. Eges, white; 1.05 + 1.40 to 1.10 + 1.45. Extralimital; breeds in Cuba; possibly occurring on the Florida Keys, but this is doubtful. 323a. Ruppy Quai, Dove, Geotrygon montana. Eggs, probably similar to those of No. 332. A single specimen of this extralimital species was obtained on Key West, Dee. 8, 1888, and recorded by Scott in the “ Auk” for April, 1889. Breeds in the Greater Antilles. HGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS, 55 ORDER XH.—RAPTORES. Birds of Prey. Eggs, variable in form and color, either plain or spotted, placed on the ground, in caves, holes of trees, or other natural cavities, or in trees. Fawmy XXXIII.—CATHARTIDA. American VutrurEs. Eggs, not exceeding 2, long, elliptical in form, and usually spotted. Nests usually placed on the ground or near it. 324. Cauirornia VuttTuren, Pseudogryphus californianus. Eggs, 1 or 2, long, oval, but more pointed at the smaller end, pale greenish blue, unspotted; 2.88 + 4.40 to 2.50 + 4.50. Breeds in the Pacific coast region of the United States, from Oregon southward, and in the interior to Southern Utah. Known by the large size. 325. Turkey Vutture, Cathartes aura. (Type, Plate VII.) Kees, 1 or 2, elliptical or oval, dirty white, or creamy, spotted and blotched, irregularly, often quite coarsely, but sometimes more thickly on the larger end, with reddish brown and umber ; 1.80 + 2.65 to 1.90 + 2.75. Nests usually placed on the ground, or often in hollow logs. Breeds throughout the United States from New Jersey, Ohio Valley, and Washington Territory, southward to Patagonia; in Florida in February, farther north a little later. 326. Brack VuLture, Catharisia atrata. Eggs, indistin- guishable from those of No. 325. Nests placed on the ground or in hollow logs. Breeds from North Carolina and the Lower Ohio Valley region, southward through Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and most of South America; in the United States in March and April. Famiry XXXIV.— FALCONIDA. Fatcons, Hawks, . Hagues, Erc. Eggs, either plain or spotted. Nests, in the majority of cases, placed in trees, composed of sticks and other coarse material. 56 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 327. SwaLiow-TaiLEp Kirr, Hlanoides forficatus. Eggs, 2 to 4, oval, greenish white, spotted and blotched irregularly and broadly with brown and umber of varying shades; 1.18 + 1.87 to 1.50 + 1.97. Breeds throughout Southern United States, from Pennsylvania and Minnesota, southward through- out Central and South America, westward to the Great Plains, in May. Nests placed in trees. 328. WuiteE-Taitep Kites, Hlanus leucurus. Eggs, 4 to 6, rather spherical, bluish white, irregularly but boldly spotted and blotched with brown and umber of varying shades; 1.44 + 1.62 to 1.48 + 1.64. Breeds throughout Southern United States, from South Carolina, Southern Illinois, and California, southward to Chili and Buenos Ayres; in May in the United States. Nests in trees. 329. Mississippi Kirr, Ictinia Mississippiensis. Eggs, 2 or 3, rather spherical, greenish white, thickly spotted and blotched with deep chocolate, brown, and black; 1.30 + 1.50 to 152+ 1.52. Breeds from Southern United States, southward from South Carolina, on the coast, and Wisconsin and Minnesota, in the interior, to Mexico, in May. Nests in ' trees. 330, EvereLtavE Kitr, Rostrhamus sociabilis. Eggs, 1 or 2, oval, bluish white, spotted and biotched irregularly with brown and umber of varying shades; 1.40 + 1.55 to 1.55 + 1.76. Breeds in Southern Florida, in the Everglades, in April; also in Cuba, Eastern Mexico, Central America, south- ward through Eastern South America to the Argentine Re- public. Nests placed on the tops of grass or in low bushes. 391. Marsa Hawg, Circus hudsonius. Eggs, 4 to 6, some- times 7 and 8, oval, greenish white, occasionally finely spotted with pale brown or lilac; 1.42 + 1.80 to 1.45 + 1.88. Breeds throughout North America in suitable locations, south to Panama, in the more northern sections in May. Nests usually placed on the ground in marshy districts. 332. SHARP-SHINNED Hawk, Accipiter velox. (Type, Plate V.) Eggs, 3 to 5, rather spherical, bluish white, quite EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 57 coarsely spotted with brown and umber of varying shades; 1.17 + 1.20 to 1.20 + 1.60. Breeds throughout North America, excepting, perhaps, Florida, in the more northern sections, in May. Nests in trees. 303. Cooper's Hawk, Accipiter cooperi. (Type, Plate V.) Eggs, 2 to 4, rather spherical, pale bluish white, often spotted with pale reddish brown; 1.90 + 1.50 to 2.10 +- 1.60. Breeds throughout North America, excepting Florida, in May, in the more northern portions, and a little earlier in the south. 334. AmeRIcAN GosHAWE, Accipiter atricapillus. Eggs, 3 or 4, varying from spherical to oval, bluish white, often finely mottled with pale reddish brown; 1.82 +- 2.30 to 1.92 + 2.32. Breeds from Maine northward, in May. Nests placed in trees. 384a. WexSTERN GosHAWK, Accipiter atricapillus striatu- lus. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 334. Breeds in Western North America. 330. Harris’s HawK, Parabuieo unicinctus harrisi. Eggs, 2 to 4, varying from oval to spherical, bluish white, usually un- spotted, but occasionally marked with reddish and purplish brown; 1.50 + 2.00 to 1.70 + 2.20. Breeds in Mississippi, Texas, and Arizona, southward to Panama, in May. Nests in trees. 336. EuroprEAN Buzzarp, Buteo buteo. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather spherical, yellowish white, spotted and blotched with brown, umber, and lilac of varying shades; 1.75 + 2.75 to 1.80 + 2.80. Extralimital. Occurs in Europe ahd Western Asia; bird accidental in Michigan. 337. Rep-TaILep Hawk, Buteo borealis. Eggs, 2 or 3, elliptical or oval, bluish white, usually, but not always, spotted and blotched with brown and umber of varying shades; 1.65 + 2.10 to 1.80 + 2.25. Breeds throughout Eastern North America, excepting Florida, west to the Great Plains, in March and April. Nests placed in trees. 337a@. Kriper’s Hawk, Buteo borealis kriderii. Hggs, 58 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. indistinguishable from those of No. 337. Breeds on the plains of the United States, from Minnesota to Texas. 3376. WrsTERN Rep-rait, Luteo borealis calurus. Eggs, as a rule, indistinguishable from those of No. 337, but are often quite finely spotted. Breeds throughout Western North America, from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific, south into Mexico. 337c. Saint Lucas Rep-ratt, Buteo borealis lucasanus. Kges, probably indistinguishable from those of No. 337, but are perhaps smaller. Breeds in the peninsula of Lower Cali- fornia. 338. Harvan’s Hawn, Buico harlani. Eggs, probably un- described. Breeds in Texas and possibly in Kansas and Pennsylvania. 339. Rxep-SHOULDERED Hawx, Buteo lineatus. Eggs, 3 or 4, spherical or elliptical, bluish white, usually, but not always, spotted and blotched irregularly with brown and umber of varying shades ; 1.70 +- 2.20 to 1.80 + 2.30. Breeds through- out Eastern North America, west to Texas and the Plains, south to the Gulf coast and Mexico, in April in the more northern districts, earlier farther south. 339a. Fioripa Rep-sHoutpERED Hawk, Puteo lineatus allent. Three eggs, as a rule, indistinguishable from those of No. 339, but are seldom unspotted, and somewhat smaller. Breeds in Florida, in February and March. 3396. Rep-BeLLIeED Hawk, Buteo lineatus elegans. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 539, but are, as a rule, smaller. Breeds throughout Western United States, from Western Texas to California, and south into Mexico. 340. ZoNE-TAILED Hawk, Buteo abbreviatus. Eggs, 2 to 4, spherical, yellowish white, spotted and blotched quite coarsely with brown and umber of varying shades ; 1.70 + 2.15 to 1.72 + 2.19. Breeds in Texas, Arizona, and Southern Cali- fornia, south to Northern South America, in May. 341. WuarrE-raitep Hawk, Buteo albicaudatus. Eggs, 2 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 59 to 4, rather spherical, yellowish white, spotted and blotched with brown and umber of varying shades; 1.75 + 2.35 to 1.80 + 2.38. Nests placed on low trees and bushes. Breeds in the Rio Grande Valley, Texas, and southward through Mexico and Central America, and most of South America. 342. Swainson’s Hawg, Buteo swainsoni. Eggs, 4 to 6, varying from spherical to oval, yellowish white, spotted and blotched irregularly and rather faintly with reddish brown, with occasional markings of purplish; 1.75 + 2.30 to 1.82. 2.32. Breeds in Western North America, from Wisconsin, Illinois, Arkansas, and Texas, to the Pacific coast; north to the Arctic regions, and south to Buenos Ayres, in May. Nests placed in trees. 343. Broap-wincep Hawk, Buteo latissimus. Eggs, 3 or 4, elliptical, oval, or spherical, dirty white, spotted and blotched, usually quite faintly but thickly, with reddish brown, but occasionally more heavily with umber; 1.68 + 2.15 to 1.70 + 2.20. Breeds in Hastern North America, from New Brunswick and the Saskatchewan region, to Texas and Mexico, southward to Central America, Northern South America, and the West Indies, in May in the more northern, and a little earlier farther south. Nests placed in trees. 344. Suort-TaILED Hawk, Buteo brachyurus. Eges, un- known, extralimital. Occurs in Mexico, Central America, and most of South America. Bird occasionally, perhaps regularly, in Florida. 345. Mexican Brack Hawk, Urubitinga anthracina. Kees, 2 or 3, oval, white, unspotted; 2.08 + 1.70 to 2.10 -- 1.75. Breeds from Arizona southward to Northern South America. Nests placed in large trees. 346. Mexican Gosnawk, Asturina plagiata. Eggs, 2 or 3, rounded oval, white, showing a faint tinge of bluish, un- spotted ; 1.60 + 2.00 to 1.65 to 2.04. Breeds in the south- western border of the United States, southward to Panama, in May and June. Nests placed in trees. 60 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 347. Rouau-LecceD Hawk, Archibuteo lagopus. Egos, 4 to 6, varying from spherical to oval, ashy or yellowish white, spotted and blotched irregularly and rather finely and faintly with reddish brown and umber, with frequent markings of purplish; 1.75 + 2.12 to 1.82 + 2.26. Extralimital. Breeds in the northern parts of the Old World. Bird accidental in Alaska. 347a. AMERICAN Rovuan-LecceD Hawk, Archibuteo lago- pus sancti-johunnis. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 347, both in form and color. Breeds in North America, north of the United States, in May and June. Nests placed on trees or occasionally on cliffs. 348. Frrruceinous Roveu-LeG, Archibuteo ferrugineus. Eges, 2 to 5, rather spherical, varying from white to creamy, spotted and blotched with brown and umber of varying shades; 1.95 -+ 2.43 to 2.00 + 2.60. Breeds in Western North America, generally in May and June. Nests placed in trees, as a rule, but occasionally on the ground. 349. GotpeN Haein, Aguila chrysaéios. Eggs, 2 or 3,. rarely 4, varying from elliptical to spherical, dirty white or creamy, usually spotted and dotted with pale reddish brown, but occasionally unmarked; 2.18 + 2.65 to 2.52 + 5.30. Breeds throughout the mountainous regions of North America, south to Mexico. Nests, as a rule, placed on cliffs, rarely on trees, and more rarely on the ground. 350. Harry Eacur, Thrasaétus harpyia. Eggs, unknown to me. Extralimital. Occurs in South America, south to Paraguay. Bird casual in the lower Rio Grande Valley, Texas. 351. Gray Sra Kacue, Halicétus albicilia. Eggs, 2 or 3, rather spherical, white, usually unspotted, but occasionally showing faint marks of light brown; 2.25 + 3.00 to 2.30 + 3.10. Nests placed on cliffs. Extralimital. Breeds in Northern Europe and Asia; bird occasional in Southeastern Greenland. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 61 302. Batp Eacie, Halieétus leucocephalus. Eggs, 1, 2, or 3, rarely four, rather spherical, white, unspotted ; 2.25 + 2.75 to 2.75 + 3.00. Breeds throughout North America, south to Mexico; in Florida in December and January, in Mississippi in January, in Maryland in February, in Maine in March, and farther north, later. Nests usually placed in trees, but some- times on cliffs. 303. WuitE Gyrratcon, Falco islandus. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather spherical, yellowish white, finely, but so thickly spotted as to nearly obscure the ground color, with reddish brown; 1.70 + 2.387 to 1.75 + 2.45. Breeds in the Arctic regions, including Arctic America and Greenland, in May. Nests placed in trees or on cliffs. 354. Gray Gyrratcon, Falco rusticolus. Eggs, indistin- guishable from those of No. 353, and nesting habits are similar. Breeds in Iceland, Southern Greenland, and North- eastern North America. Nests usually placed on cliffs. 354a. GyrraLcon, /alco rusticolus gyrfaleo. Eggs, indis- tinguishable from those of No. 353, and the nesting habits are similar. Breeds in the interior of Arctic America, from Hudson’s Bay to Alaska. 3046. Biack Gyrratcon, Falco rusticolus obsoletus. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 353. Breeds in Labrador, in May. Nests placed on cliffs. 355. Prarie Fatcon, Falco mexicanus. Eggs, 2 or 3, rather spherical, pinkish white, blotched, spotted, and minutely freckled with reddish brown and purplish; 1.60 + 2.15 to 1.65 + 2.27. Breeds in the United States, from the eastern border of the plains to the Pacific, south into Mexico, in May and June. Nests placed on cliffs. 356. Duck Hawkz, Jaleo peregrinus anatum. (Type, Plate IX.) Eggs, 3 or 4, rounded oval, deep creamy, spotted and blotched with such large, confluent markings of rich choco- late brown that the ground color is nearly or quite obscured. Breeds throughout North America, in the wild mountainous 62 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. regions, but more commonly north of the United States; in March in the more southern districts ; April, in New England; and in May in the Arctic regions. Nests placed on cliffs or occasionally in trees. 356a. Praw’s Faxtcon, falco peregrinus pealei. Hges, in- distinguishable from those of No. 356, and the nesting habits are similar. Breeds in the Pacific coast region of North America, from Oregon to the Aleutian and Commander Islands. 357. Piaron Hawk, falco columbarius. Eggs, 4 to 7, but usually 5, rather spherical, varying from creamy to deep pur- plish rufous, thickly sprinkled, spotted, and blotched with reddish brown of varying shades; 1.20 + 1.55 to 1.28 + 1.76. Breeds in Northern North America, norti: of the United States, as a rule, especially in the eastern portions, but may nest in the mountains south of its general range, in May. Nests placed in trees, or rarely on cliffs. 357a. Buack Merury, falco columbarius suckleyi. Eggs, probably indistinguishable from those of No. 357, and the nesting habits are similar. Breeds in the northwest coast region of North America, from California to Sitka. 358. Ricnarpson’s Merum, alco richardsonii. Eggs, indistinguishable in form and color from those of No. 357, but are probably larger. Breeds in the interior and western plains of North America, from the Mississippi River to the Pacific coast, north to the Arctic regions. 358a. Meruin, Malco regulus. Eggs, varying from oval to spherical in form; from creamy to reddish in color, spotted, dotted, and blotched with reddish brown and umber, frequently so thickly as to obscure the ground color; 1.62 + 1.22 to 1.65 4+. 1.25. Extralimital; breeds in Europe. Bird accidental in Greenland. Sce “ Auk” for January, 1888, p. 395. 359. Aprtomapo Faucon, #alco fusco-cerulescens. Eggs, 2 to 4, rather spherical, white, thickly spotted, sprinkled, and blotched with reddish and Vandyke brown; 1.63 + 1.78 to EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 63 1.69 + 1.81. Breeds in Texas and New Mexico, south to Patagonia; in Southern South America in January; in Texas, probably in April or May. Nests placed in trees or bushes. 359a. Kestret, Falco tinnunculus. Eggs, rather spherical in form, varying from creamy to reddish in color, spotted, dotted, and blotched so thickly with cinnamon or reddish brown as to sometimes nearly obscure the ground color; 1.52 + 1.29 to 1.604 1.30. Extralimital; breeds in Europe. Bird accidental in Massachusetts. See “Auk” for Jnnuary, 1888, p. 110. 360. American Sparrow Hawk, Falco sparverius. (Type, Plate V.) Eggs, 4 to 7, quite spherical, creamy or light buff, sprinkled, spotted, or blotched, usually thickly enough to nearly obscure the ground markings; 1.05 + 1.20 to 1.35 + 1.48. Breeds throughout the whole of North America, but is rare in New England. Nests placed in holes of trees, or occasionally in holes of cliffs; the eggs are deposited in Florida in April, in May farther north. 361. Cusan Sparrow Hawk, Falco sparverioides. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather spherical, quite sparsely spotted and mottled with yellowish brown; 1.08 + 1.28 to 1.10 -+ 1.30. Breeds in Cuba, thus is extralimital. Bird said to be accidental in Florida (occurrence doubtful). 362. AupuBon’s Caracara, Polyborus cheriway. Leggs, 3 or 4, rather spherical, varying from yellowish white to tan- color, sprinkled, spotted, and blotched, with sepia-brown, often so thickly as to nearly cover the surface; but in other speci- mens the markings will be confined to the larger end, and all gradations occur between these extremes; 1.75 + 2.25 to 1.90 + 2.44. Breeds in Middle Florida, Texas, Arizona, and Lower California, south to Ecuador and Guiana, in April, May, and June. Nests placed in trees, 363. GuapaLuPpEe Caracara, Polyborus lutosus. Eggs, in- distinguishable from those of No. 362. Breeds in the Guada- lupe Islands, Lower California. 64 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 364. AmerRICAN Osprey, Pandion haliwétus carolinensis. Eggs, 2 to 4, rather spherical, varying from creamy to decidedly pinkish, spotted, blotched, and sprinkled, often so thickly as to cover the entire surface. In other specimens the markings, which are reddish or purplish brown or umber, will be con- fined to the larger end, while rarely one will occur which is unmarked, and all gradations will occur between ; 1.60 -+- 2.30 to 1.90 4 2.56. Breeds throughout North America, in the wilder sections, from Hudson’s Bay and Alaska, southward to Northern South America, in April and May. Nests placed in trees, or occasionally on the ground. Famitry XXXV.—STRIGIDA. Barn Ow.ns. Eggs, always white, oval in form, usually placed in roughly constructed nests, situated in caves, ruined buildings, holes in cliffs, ete. 365. AmERICAN Barn Ow1, Strix pratincola. (Type, Plate VII.) Eggs, 3 to 8; 1.20 + 1.65 to 1.25 + 1.70. Breeds throughout the warmer parts of North America, from the Middle States and California south through Mexico, in April and May. Nests sometimes placed in ruins, but oftener in holes of trees, or in holes in cliffs or banks of earth. Famiry XXXVI.—BUBONIDA. Hornep Owns, Etc. Eggs, varying from spherical to oval, with the former-named shape predominating; size alone distinguishes them, as they are all white. Nests in a variety of situations. 366. AmeErRIcAN LoNG-EARED OWL, Asio wilsonianus. Eggs, 3 to 6, spherical or rounded oval; 1.30 + 1.35 to 1.50 + 1.65. Breeds throughout temperate North America; in March in the southern portion, and in April and May farther north, and nests have been taken as late as July. Nests usually placed in the deserted structures of other birds, but the owls occa- sionally construct a nest of their own; thus they usually breed in trees. EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 65 367. SHort-EARED OwL, Asio accipitrinus. Hggs, 4 to 7, rather elliptical ; 1.22 +- 1.50 to 1.80 + 1.60. Breeds through- out temperate and Arctic North America, but more abun- dantly in the northern portions, in April and May; also in the Old World. Nests placed on the ground or in low bushes. 368. Barrep OwL, Syrnium nebulosum. Eggs, 2 or 3, rather spherical; 1.55 + 1.85 to 1.70 + 2.00. Breeds in the wilder portions of Eastern United States, excepting Florida, in March and April. Nests placed in holes of trees or in trees; the deserted nest of some large bird being frequently used. 368a. FLrorma Barrep Own, Syrnium nebulosum allani. Kegs, 3 or 4, indistinguishable from those of No. 368, but are a little smaller; the nesting habits are similar. Breeds in Florida, and possibly in Texas, in February and March. 369. SporreD Ow1, Syrnium occidentale. Eggs, accord- ing to Ridgway, measure 1.80 + 2.05. The bird has been taken in New Mexico, Arizona, California, Lower California, and Mexico. 370. Great Gray Ow1, Scotiaptex cinerea. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather oval; 1.78 + 2.25 to 1.80 + 2.30. Breeds in Arctic America, in May. Nests placed in trees. 370a. Lape Own, Scotiaptex cinerea lapponica. Eggs, in- distinguishable from those of No. 370. Extralimital. Breeds in the arctic portions of the Old World; bird accidental in Alaska. 371. Ricnarpson’s Own, Vyctala tengmalmi richardsoni. Eges, 4 to 5, rather spherical; 1.05 + 1.25 to 1.08 + 1.28. Breeds in Arctic America, south at least to the Magdalen Isl- ands, Gulf of St. Lawrence, in May. Nests placed in holes of trees. 372. Saw-wHer Ow1, Wyctala acadica. Uggs, 3 to 5, rather spherical; .95 + .88 to .90 + 1.00. Breeds throughout North America, from the Middle States northward, in May. Nests placed in holes of trees. 373. ScorEEcH-Ow1, Megascops asio. (Type, Plate VII.) are 7 Ane 66 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. Eggs, 4 to 6, rather spherical; 1.50 + 1.50 to 1.85 + 1.55, Breeds in temperate Hastern North America, south to Georgia and west to the plains, in April and May. Nests usually placed in holes of trees. 373a. FLoripa Screrecu-Ow1, Megascops asio floridanus. Eggs, 2 or 3, rather spherical; 1.10 + 1.25 to 1.15 + 1.30. Breeds in Southern Georgia and Florida, in March and April. 3736. TrExan ScreEcH-Ow 1, Megascops asio macalli. Eggs, 2 or 3, spherical; .95 + 1.13 to 1.00 + 1.15. Breeds in the valley of the Lower Rio Grande, Texas, south to Guatemala, in March. 373¢c. CALIFORNIA ScREECH-OwL, Megascops asio bendiret. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 378. Breeds in the coast regions of California, in April. 373d. Kennicott’s Screecu-Ow1, Megascops asio kennt- cotti?. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 878. Breeds in the northwest coast region from Sitka to Oregon, and east- ward to Idaho and Montana, in May. 373e. Rocky Mountain Scrercu-Ow1t, Megascops asio maxwellie. Kegs, indistinguishable from those of No. 373. Breeds in the Rocky Mountains, from Colorado to Montana, in May. 3737. Mexican Scregecu-Ow 1, J/egascops asio trichopsis. Eges, indistinguishable from those of No. 373, but are, per- haps, a little smaller. Breeds in New Mexico, Arizona, Lower California, and Northwestern Mexico. 374. FLAMMULATED Ow1, Jlegascops flammeolus. Eggs, 2 or 3, spherical; .96 -+ 1.13. Breeds in Colorado, and probably south to Mexico and Guatemala, in June. Nests placed in holes of trees. 375. Great Hornep Own, Bubo virginianus. Eggs, 2 or 3, rather spherical; 1.81 + 2.18 to 2.00 -+ 2.85. Breeds throughout Eastern North America, west to the Mississippi Valley, and from Labrador south to Costa Rica; in Decem- ber in Florida; January, February, and March as we advance FL ATE Vi. 234 280 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 67 northward. Nests placed in trees, often in the deserted nests of other large birds, or in natural cavities of stubs. 375a. WrsTERN Hornep Ow1, Bubo virginianus subarcti- cus. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 375. Breeds in Western United States, from the Great Plains, westward ; southward to the Mexican table-lands. 3756. Arctic Hornep Own, Budo virginianus arcticus. Kees, indistinguishable from those of No. 375. Breeds in the interior of Arctic America. 370c. Dusky Hornep Own, Subo virginianis saturatus. Kggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 375. Breeds in the northwest coast region, from Columbia River northward ; also in Labrador. 376. Snowy Own, Wyctea nyctea. Eggs, 4 to 8, oblong oval; 1.85 + 2.50 to 1.88 + 2.55. Breeds in the northern portions of the Northern Hemisphere, in North America, usu- ally north of the United States,in May and June. Nests placed on the ground or on rocks. 377. Hawk Own, Surnia ulula. Eggs, 4 to 7, oblong oval; 1.20 + 1.50 to 1.30 + 1.62. Breeds in the arctic portions of the Old World, and is thus extralimital ; bird casual in Alaska. 3774. AMERICAN Hawk Ow1, Surnia ulula caparoch. Eggs, 4 to 7, similar in form and size to those of No. 377. Breeds in Arctic America, in April and May. Nests placed in high trees. 378. Burrowing Owt1, Speotyto cunicularia hypogaea. Hees, 5 to 10, rounded oval; 1.05 + 1.30 to 1.15 + 1.55. Breeds in the United States, from the Pacific coast to the Great Plains, south to Central America, in April. Nests placed in the burrows dug by the prairie dog. d78a. Frorma Burrowime Own, Speotyo cunicularia jlori- dana. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 578. Breeds in Florida, in March and April, probably in the holes dug by the Gopher turtle. 68 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 379. Pyvemy Own, Glaucidium gnoma. Eggs, 2 or 3, oblong oval, more pointed at one end; .87 + 1.17 to .90 + 1.18. Breeds in Western United States, from the Pacific coast to Colorado, and from British Columbia south to the table-lands of Mexico, excepting California and coast north, in May. Nests placed in holes of trees. 379a. Catirornia Pramy Ow 1, Glaucidium gnoma califor- nicum. HKggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 3879, and the nesting habits are similar. Breeds in California and coast region, north into British Columbia. 3796. Hosxins’s Premy Own, Glaucidium hoskinsti. De- scribed by Mr. Brewster, in “ Auk” for April, 1888. Eggs, unknown. Breeds in Lower California. 380. Ferrucrnous Pyamy Own, Glaucidium phalenoides. Eges, probably indistinguishable from those of No. 379. Breeds in Texas and Arizona, south to Southern Brazil. 381. Err Own, Micropallus whiineyi. Eggs, 3 or 4, rather spherical; .90 + 1.00 to .95 + 1.67. Breeds in Southern and Lower California and Arizona, south into Mexico, in May and June. Nests placed in the deserted holes of Woodpeckers, usually made in the giant cactus. ORDER XIII.— PSITTACI. Parrots. Eggs of this order are usually placed in nests built in natu-_ ral cavities of trees, or in holes in river banks. Famuy XXXVII.— PSITTACIDA. Parrots anp Par- OQUETS. Eggs, white or greenish, unspotted ; the number deposited is probably 2, but as a number of individuals often lay in one cavity, this is, in some species, uncertain. 382. CaroLtina Paroquet, Conurus carolinensis. Eggs, 2, rather oval, pointed at one end, creamy white; 1.07 + 1.85 to EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 69 1.14 + 1.45. Breeds in the Gulf States and Lower Missis- sippi Valley, but only in particular locations, even in this now limited range. It formerly occurred over a much more ex- tended section, but is now evidently becoming exterminated. Eggs, deposited in June, or, possibly, earlier. ORDER XIV.—COCCYGES. Cuckoos, etc. Eggs, usually elliptical, often bluish or greenish, and fre- quently covered with a chalky incrustation, soft when fresh, but hardening upon exposure Famiry XXXVIII.— CUCULID®. Cvucxoos, Anis, ETc. Eges, few or many, deposited in nests that are constructed of sticks and that are almost always placed in trees or bushes, seldom, if ever, on the ground. 385. Ant, Crotophaga ani. (Type, Plate X.) Eggs, 4 to 10, elliptical or oval, pale greenish blue, but this color is nearly or quite concealed by a white, calcareous deposit; 1.10 + 1.40 to 1.15 +. 1.50. Breeds on the Bahamas, in the West Indies, and Eastern South America; in the former named locality in April. Nests placed in trees. 384. GROOVE-BILLED ANtI, Crotophaga sulcirostris. Eggs, similar in form and color to those of No. 383, but are smaller; 80 + 1.15 to .90 + 1.25. Breeds in Lower California and valley of the Lower Rio Grande, Texas, south to Northern South America. 385. Roapd-RUNNER, G'eococcyx californianus. Eggs, 2 to 12, rounded oval, bluish green, covered so thickly with a hard calcareous deposit as to conceal this color; 1.20 -+ 1.55 to 1.22 + 1.60. Breeds in Texas, New Mexico, Southern Colorado, and westward to California, south into Mexico, in April and May. 386. Manerove Cuckoo, Coccyzus minor. Eggs, 2 to 4, indistinguishable from those of No. 387. Breeds throughout 70 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. the West Indies, south of the Bahamas, and southward ; possi- bly also, rarely, on the Florida Keys. 386a. Maynarv’s Cuckoo, Coccyzus minor maynardi (Ridgway). Eggs, unknown, but probably indistinguishable from those of No. 387. Breeds on the Bahamas, and probably on the Florida Keys and adjacent mainiand. This species has recently been described by Mr. Robert Ridgway in his work, “Manual of North American Birds,” 1887, p. 274, and is what was formerly in part considered as the Mangrove Cuckoo, C. minor. 387. YELLOW-BILLED Cuckoo. (Type, Plate X.) Eggs, 2 to 4, elliptical, light greenish blue, unspotted, but sometimes overwashed with whitish; .75-+ 1.10 to .80 4+ 1.28. Distin- guished from those of No. 388 by the large size and pale colors. Breeds in temperate North America, from New Brunswick and Canada, Minnesota, Nevada, and Oregon, south to Costa Rica, but does not nest in Florida at all commonly, and is of irregular occurrence in New England. Eggs, depos- ited in June. Nests placed in trees or bushes. 387a. Catirornia Cuckoo, Coccyzus americana occiden- talis. Eggs, similar to those of No. 387. Breeds in Western United States, from Oregon south through the table-lands of Mexico, east to New Mexico and Colorado. See Ridgway in “ Manual of North American Birds,” 1887, p. 273. 388. Buack-Bittep CucKoo, Coccyzus erythrophthalmus. Eggs, 2 to 4, elliptical, quite dark bluish green, occasionally spotted with a darker shade of the same; .70 + 1.00 to .75 + 1.25. Breeds in Eastern North America from Labrador and Manitoba, south to Florida, west to the Rocky Mountains. Famiry XXXIX.— TROGONIDA. Trocons. Members of this family are said to place their nests in holes of trees, but I have never seen an egg of any of the species. 389. CoprERY-TAILED Trocon. Eggs, evidently unknown, EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. ral —at least, I have never seen a description of them. Breeds in Mexico, north to the valley of the Lower Rio Grande in yy Texas. Fammty XL.— ALCIDINIDA. KINGFISHERs. Eggs, white with the surface polished, rather spherical, and are placed in holes in banks of earth, excavated by the birds. 390. Betrep Kinerisurr, Ceryle aleyon, Eggs, + to 6, oval; 1.08 + 1.20 to 1.16 -+ 1.40. Breeds throughout North America, south to Panama, Bahamas, and West Indies, includ- ing Florida, in May. Nests placed in banks, often at some distance from water. 391. Texan Kinerisner, Ceryle cabanisi. HKggs, 4 to 6, oval; .71 + .95 to .75+ 1.00. Breeds in the valley of the Lower Rio Grande, Texas, and Lower Colorado River, and Arizona, south to Ecuador and Western Peru, in April. ORDER XV.—PICI. Woodpeckers, Wrynecks, Etc. Eggs, white with the surface polished, elliptical, or oval, and, in most cases, deposited in holes of trees. Famty XLI.— PICIDA. WoopprrckeErs. Eggs, polished, white, thus size alone distinguishes them. They are, almost without exception, placed in holes of trees drilled by the birds. 392. Ivory-BILLED WooppPEcKER, Campephilus principalis. Eggs, 4 or 5, oblong oval; .95 + 1.25 to 1.00 + 1.40. Breeds in the Gulf States and Lower Mississippi Valley, where they are now only locally distributed. Eggs, deposited in April. 393. Harry Wooprrecker, Dryobates villosus. Eggs, 4 or 5, elliptical or oval; .65-+ .70 to .75 + .80. Breeds in the middle portion of the Eastern United States, from the Atlan- tic coast to the Great Plains, in May. 694 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 393a. Norraern Harry Woopprecxer, Dryobates viilosus leucomelas. Hggs, similar to those of No. 393, but are a little larger. Breeds in Northern North America, south to the northern border of the United States, in May. 3936. SouTHERN Harry Wooprecker, Dryobates villosus audubonii. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 393, but are, perhaps, a little smaller. Breeds in the Southern United States, east of the plains. 393c. Harris’s Wooppecker, Dryobates villosus harrisit. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 393. Breeds in Western United States, from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific coast, south into Mexico and Central America. 398d. Capants’s WooppecKER, Dryobates villosus hylosco- pus. Eggs, probably indistinguishable from those of No. 393. Breeds in the interior of extreme Western North America. 394. Downy Wooprrcker, Dryobates pubescens. LHgas, 4 or 5, varying from elliptical to oval; .50 +- .65 to .55 + .70. Breeds in Northern and Eastern North America, from British Columbia and the eastern edge of the plains, northward and eastward, in May. 394a. GarrpNER’s Wooprrcker, Dryobates pubescens guirdnerti. Eggs, similar to those of No. 394, but are larger ; 20 + .90 to .85-+ .95. Breeds in. Western United. States, from the Rocky Mountains westward, in May. 394+. Smoky Wooprrcker, Dryobates pubescens fumidus. Eggs, probably indistinguishable from those of No. 394. Breeds on Vancouver's Island and possibly along the coast recion of United States and northward. Described by May- nard in “The Ornithologist and Odlogist” for April, 1889, p. 58. 395. Rep-cockKaADED WooprreckEr, Dryobates borealis. Eggs, 4 or 5, varying from elliptical to oval; .55 + .70 to .65 + .75. Breeds in Southeastern United States, from New Jersey, Tennessee, and Indian Territory, south to Eastern Texas and the Gulf coast, in May. 6.J.M. |Par bar EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 73 396. Texan WooprrckER, Dryobates scalaris bairdi. Eggs, 4 or 5, oblong oval; .70 + .95 to .75 + 1.00. Breeds in the southern border of the United ae from Texas to California, south into Mexico. 396a. Saint Lucas Wooprrecker, Dryobates scalaris en- casanus. Eggs, unknown, but probably indistinguishable from those of No. 396. Breeds in Lower California. 397. Nurrary’s Woopprcker, Dryobates nutialli. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 396. Breeds in California, in May. 398. Arizona Woopprrcker, Dryobates arizone. Eggs, un- known, but probably not differing from those of No. 395. Breeds in Southern Arizona, south into Western Mexico, in April. 399. Wuire-HEADED WoopprckeEr, Xenopicus albolavatus. Eges, 4 or 5, oblong oval; .73 + .95 to .76-+1.02. Breeds in the Pacific coast region, from Washington Territory south to Southern California, east to the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada. 400. Arctic THREE-TOED WooppPrEckKER, Picoides arcticus. Eggs, rather elliptical; .70 + .91 to .76 + .92. Breeds in Noe thern North Darien from the Arctic regions south to the northern border of the United States, and farther south along the mountain ranges, in May. 401. American THREE-TOED WoopPECKER, Picoides ameri- canus. HKgos, varying from elliptical to oval; .65 + .90 to .70 + .95. Breeds in North America, from the northern bor- der of the United States, northward and along the mountain ranges farther south, in May. 401a. ALASKAN THREE-TOED WooppPEcKER, Picoides ameri- canus alascensis. Eggs, probably similar to those of No. 401. Breeds in Alaska. 4016. Atprne TuHREE-TOED WooppreckeEr, Picoides ameri- canus dorsalis. Eggs, probably similar to those of No. 401. 74 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. Breeds in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, south into New Mexico. 402. YeLLow-BELLIED Sap-suckeR, Sphyrapicus varius. Eggs, 4 to 7, rather oval; .60 + .75 to .75 + .85. Breeds in North America, from Northern New England northward, in May. 402a. Rep-NAPED SAP-SUCKER, Sphyrapicus varius nuchalis. Eggs, similar in form and size to those of No, 402. Breeds in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, south into Mexico. 408. Rep-BrEASTED Sap-SuCKER, Sphyrapicus ruber. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 402. Breeds in the Pacific coast region of the United States, in May. 404, WiLLiamMson’s Sap-suckER, Sphyrapicus thyroideus. Eggs, quite similar to those of No. 402, but are a little larger; 66 -+- .96. Breeds in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, next to the Pacific coast, in May. 405. Pirzatep WooprreckEr, Ceophiwus pileatus. Eggs, 3 or 4, rounded oval; .G0 + 1.40 to 1.04 + 1.50. Breeds in the wilder, heavily wooded sections of North America, but does not occur in the settled districts. Eggs deposited in April, in the south, later farther north. 406. Rep-neapED Wooppreckrr, Melanerpes erythrocepha- lus. Eggs, + or 5, varying from elliptical to oval; .75 +- .80 to .80 + 1.00. Breeds in the United States, east of the Rocky Mountains, but rare in New England. Nests in May. 407. Catirornta Woopprcker, Melanerpes formicivorus bairdi. Eggs, varymeg from oval to elliptical; .75 + .90 to .80 + 1.00. Breeds in the Pacific coast region of the United States, east into Arizona and south into Mexico, in May. 407a. NARROW-FRONTED Wooprecker, Melanerpes formict- vorus angustifrons. Kgos, probably indistinguishable from those of No. 407. Breeds in Lower California. 408. Lewis’s Woopprcker, J/elanerpes torquatus. Uggs, 4 to 6, varying from elliptical to oval or spherical ; .92 +- 1.10 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. 15 to .95 + 1.12. Breeds in the Western United States, from the Black Hills and the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific, in May. 409. Rep-BELLIED Wooprrckenr, Jelanerpes carolinus. Eggs, 4 or 5, oblong oval; .80 + 1.04 to .75 + .95. Breeds throughout Eastern United States, west to the Rocky Moun- tains, excepting New England, in May. 410. GoLpEN-FRONTED WoopreckeER, Melanerpes aurifrons. Eges, oblong oval; .80 + 1.00 to .85 + 1.05. Breeds in Southern Texas and Eastern Mexico, in May. 411. Gita Wooprrcker, Melanerpes uropygialis. Eggs, 4 or 5, occasionally 6, oblong oval; .82 +- 1.05 to .85 + 1.10. Breeds in Southern Arizona, Southeastern California, Lower California, and Western Mexico. 412. Fricker, Colaptes auratus. (Type, Plate 1X.) Eggs, 6 to 8,in the North, or 4 or 5 in the South; .75 + .90 to 80 + 1.00. Breeds throughout Northern and Eastern North America, west to the eastern slope of the Rocky Mountains and Alaska, in April in the South, and in May in New England. 413. Rep-saarrep Fricker, Colaptes cafer. Eggs, indis- tinguishable from those of No. 412. Breeds in the Rocky Mountain region of the United States, to the Pacific coast, north to Alaska, south to Southern Mexico. 413a. Norrawestern Fricker, Colaptes cafer saturatior. Eggs, indistinguishable from those of No. 412. Breeds in the Northwest coast region, from Columbia River to Sitka. 414. Gitpep Fricker, Colaptes chrysoides. Egos, 4 to 6, varying from oval to elliptical; .70 + .90 to .80 ++ .95. Breeds in Southern Arizona and Southern California, south to Cape St. Lucas. 415. Guapaturs Fiicker, Colaptes rufipileus. Eggs, prob- ably indistinguishable from those of No. 414. Breeds in Guadalupe Island, Lower California. 76 EGGS OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. ORDER XVI.— MACROCHIRES. Goatsuckers, Swifts, etc. Eggs, 2 or 4, deposited on the ground, in holes, in caves, in hollow trees, in chimneys, or in crevices of rocky cliffs. Famity XLIT.— CAPRIMULGID&. GoarsuckeErs, Etc. Eggs, usually 2, elliptical, generally spotted, and deposited on the ground, without any nest. 416. CuucKk-wiLis-wipow, Antrostomus carolinensis. Eggs, 2, elliptical, pale salmon, handsomely marked with large spots and blotches of pale brown and lilac, irregularly disposed over the entire surface; .95 + 1.30 to 1.07 4 1.55. Breeds in the South Atlantic and Gulf States, south through Eastern Mexico to Central America and Cuba, north into the interior to Southern Illinois, in May. 417. Wutp-poor-witL,