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Entomological News
AND
~PROCEEDINGS
OF THE
ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
OF THE
Academy of Natural Sciences
of Philadelphia.
VOLUME XI, 1900.
EDITOR:
HENRY SKINNER, M. D.
PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Associate Editor.
ADVISORY COMMITTEE:
EZRA T. CRESSON. CHARLES A. BLAKE, CHARLES LIEBECK.
PHILIP LAURENT. WILLIAM J, FOX. CHARLES W. JOHNSON, |
cau
an pe
PHILADELPHIA: q \
ENTOMOLOGICAL ROOMS OF y 4
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES,
LOGAN SQUARE.
1gOO.
P. C. STOCKHAUSEN
PRINTER
58-55 N. 7TH St, PHILADELPHIA.
QL
+6
at
||
Var
INDEX TO VOLUME XI.
* Denotes new variety, species or genus.
THE GENERAL SUBJECT.
Academy of Natural Sciences,
Ent. Section
Alaskan Insects . 381, 416, 459
Alpine insects » 319
American Entom. Society, 380, 483,
514, 610.
Bolivia, Collecting in . . 346
Bolter Collection . . 503
Buffalo Ent. Club . . 435
Chicago Entom. Society . 447
Color photography ii wits A
Doings of Societies 346, 380, 411,
446, 482, 512, 548, 578, 608, 642.
Economic Entomologists, As-
sociation of oa QO
Economic Entomology 336, 370,
390, 404, 436, 471, 546, 638.
Editorials 335, 369, 402, 434, 473,
504, 536, 571, 602, 633
Entomological Literature 342, 376,
407, 440, 475, 505, 537, 572, 603,
634.
Entomologists’ Directory . 427
Feldman Collecting Social 347,
380, 411, 448, 483, 515, 548, 578,
611, 642.
Genera . . 602
Harris Club a 4ol, “a6 pe 3, 579,
609, 643, 644.
Kissing bug . - 547
Malaria and mosquitos . . 516
Massachusetts Agric. College,
Entomology at . . 359
Mt. Washington, Alpine insects
of . nice |
Newatk Ratoii' Solety 348, 411,
447, 512, 608, 644.
Notes and News 340, 481, 509, 547,
577, 64.
346, 380, 482, 608 |
Obituary :
Bolter, A. . 450 (503)
Chatfield, A. F. . 451
Dakin, J. A. 2... ; . 451
Gilbert, Mrs. L. F. R. 484
Harvey, F. L. 451
Hulst, G. D. . 613
Meade, R. H . 412
Ruscheweyh, G. . . 580
Soltau, H. 450
Peach mite . 471
Pin labels. . > . 341
Recollections of old follecting
grounds ; 597
Rose-bug, Fish oil soap o 546
Russian Economic Entom. 404
Silver Lake, Utah . . 363
Strange habits, Some . 600
Students’ Entom. Aicotlaton. 447
Sugar- beet pest. . 390
Trap lantern . 579
Watkins, W. 577
ARACHNIDA.
Amblyomma hebreum . 336
Bont tick, Life history of 336
COLEOPTERA.
Abnormalities 619
Alaska, C. of . . 459
Allorhina nitida 437, 609
Amphionycha flammata. . . 621
Anthicide Samer
Apion puritana . : . 411
Arizona, C. of Phoenix . . 561
Bryaxus abdominalis . 548
Callida viridipennis 621
Calosoma willcoxi . 548
Cedius ziegleri . 579
Colapsis brunnea .
ii INDEX.
Calne Co... rege
Copturodes cockerelli . . . 503
Crioceris asparagi. . . . . 639
C. 12-punctata . .. -- + 436
Cryptorhynchus iit «31 380
Cychrus viduus. . ... . 611
Cyclocephala immaculata . . 620
Dichelonycha fuscula . (548) 608
Dorytomus brevisetosus. . . 601
Elater militaris . ... .-. . 348
Eumicrus motschulskii . . . 348
Geopinus incrassatus . . . . 610
Halticus uhleri . . . . . . 436
Hoplosia nubila. . . . . . 620
Ichalia costata .... . . 380
ee OF. ga a. 6 468
Length of lifeofC. .. 633
Megalonycha fuscula . 548 (608)
Metrius sericeus* . . - 389
Microchara explanata. . . . 610
Monstrosities. . . .. . . 619
Mycetina perpulchra . . . . 380
Neladiustenuis . . . . 643
New Jersey, C. of 380, 411, 484,
515, 548, 611, 642.
Northfield, Mass., Collecting at 392
Oberea bimaculata .. . . 437
Panagzeus crucigerus . . . . 515
Pennsylvania, C. of . 348, 380, 449,
499, 548, 579, 610, 612, 619, 643.
Phyllobrotica decurrata . . . 642
Platynusspp.. - .. . . . 499
Saperda vestita . ... . . 621
Sitodrepa‘panicea . . . . . 375
Soronia ulkei. . ... . . 401
Stenomimus pallidus . . . . 509
Tiger buntin far west. . . . 581
Utah, C. of . . 482, 581
COLLEMBOLA.
Achorutes tigrina® . . . . « 552
C.,New Maine .... . . §49
Entomobrya aglis®. . . . . 549
Smynthurus brunneus* . . . 550
DIPTERA,
Anopheles «oe ee ee eg
Bee fly four yearsalarva . . S510
Blepharocera capitata .
Cecidomyia destructor
C. oxycoccana
Cheetopsis apicalis*
Chrysomyza demandata .
Daulopogon terricola*
Diplosis pini-radiatz* .
Eutanypus borealis .
Goniops .
Hesperodes* .
H. johnsoni* .
Hypocharassus .
Mosquitos and malaria
Neaspilota achilleze*
Pangonia chrysocoma
Pseudatrichia griseola*
P. unicolor*
Rivellia brevifasciata*
Sargus ceruleifrons* .
Sepsisoma*
S. flavescens* .
Synonyms . ;
Teucholabis pata phen
Therioplectes astutus .
T. politus* .
Traginops* .
T. irrorata*
HEMIPTERA.
Aphis mali .
Aspidiotus diffinis
Cicada septendecim
Clastoptera
C. bimaculata*
Diaspis piricola .
Eriococcus spp. .
E. quercus toumeyi* .
European pear scale .
Eutettix magnus*
Pemphigus betz*
Platymetopius hyalinus* .
HYMENOPTERA.
+ 392,
Anthophora montana, its para-
sites
Asobara antipoda”’ ;
Bathymetis antipoda* .
ee ee
——
INDEX. iii
Brachista pallida* . . 616
Centrobia odonatz* - 616
Coelioxys 8-dentata and host . 553
Crabro angelicus* . . 358
C. foxii* . . 356
sof VWaibinabon . 353
Doryctomorpha* . 629
D. antipoda* . . 630
Eulophus albitarsis* . 623
Formica exsectoides . . 579
Hyperteles polynemze* . 615
Macrotera , pring - 510
Megacilissa . ont . 510
Mellinus bimaculatus . . 346
Monedula carolina . . 347
Mutilla, Extra-American , . 400
Parasitic H. - 615, 623
Polynema needhami* . . 617
Schauinslandia* . . 627
S. alfkenii* . . 628
S. femorata* , . 627
Su peiidipes® 0.05. 6's . 628
Tetrastichus polynemz* . 616
Washington, H. of . Pak
LEPIDOPTERA.
Achalaurus cellus . 439
Acontia delecta . 513
Actias luna . . 609
Egiale streckeri . 495
POPOMRA Lod sie co, 0, 382, 436
Anartia melanopa . 380
Anthocaris genutia . 465
Arachnis dilecta . 600
Archonias lyceas 533
Argynnis nitocris coerulescens*
332, 449, 483.
A. n, nigroccerulea* . 622
Azelina peplaria . 583
Brenthis pales alaskensis* . . 383
B. youngi* 383
Brephos infans . - 514
Bungalotis midas . . 600
Callidryas agarithe 618
Catocala badia . 368
C. innubens scintillans 445
C. titania* 5 a i:
Catocale of tions 433, 472
Cecropia ; . 579, 631
Ceratomia Eatalane ; 608, 611
Citheronia regalis . . 642
C. sepulcralis . 446
Cocytius cluentius . i - 334
Ccoenonympha kodiak sahconidin
sis* . 386
Colias phitoaies: 347, 449, 642
C. eurytheme 347, 449
Diurnals, Notes on N. A. . 328
Double cocoons 4o1, 446
Eacles imperialis . 641
Enodia portlandia . . 609
Erebia sofia alaskensis* . . 387
E. youngi* ieee
Erebus odora 608, 610
Eucordylea* . . 349
E. atripictella* . . 350
Feralia jocosa a . 368
Gastropacha americana . . 514
Geometrina, N. Am. . 527, 554
Hemaris brucei . y a Sgie
H. spp. 498, 547, 584
Hepialus argenteomaculatus . 610
Hesperide, N. Am. 413, 578, 579
House-moth eed specimens 445
Hymenitis spp. a . 600
Inflated cocoons dab 513, nas: 580,
631.
Lyczena sonorensis . 481
L. yukona* . . 416
Melipodes jucunda . 641
Melitzea phzton superba . 401
Metzneria lappella . 644
Mimicry in L. . 644
Mississippi, L. of . 512
Missouri, L. of . ae 472
Nealyda* . . 350
N. bifidella* . - 351
Neophasia-terlootii ~~ aah
New Jersey, L. of . 348, 513, 548,
608-9, 642, 643.
Noctuidz, North Am. species
wrongly listed as . 509
iv INDEX.
CEdomasia badia . 348, 368
(Eneis jutta alaskensis* . . . 389
Pamphilaattalus . . . . . 642
Papilio ajax . .. Pu eyo
P. asterias on Costies nite easy.
Syerectryon. . -. wine Beg 8
P. philenor 580, 642
P. turnus aber. fletcheri* igS2
Pericopis salvini . . . . . 600
Phzgoptera ochraceator . . 600
Protoparce rustica. . . . . 485
Pseudochelaria walsinghami* . 352
Pyralidina, N. Am. 527, 554
Pyrameis carye . . . . +. 412
Rearing larve, Hintsfor . . 461
Sibinefusca . . . ie is! EF
Skinner’s catalogue, Additions
and correctionsto . . . . 328
Slug-caterpillar, Life history of
SecA a Pin ay
Smith’slistofL. . . . . . 396
Sphinx drupiferarum. . . . 581
Simusetiosa . 3) «6. sain 1880
Synchle lacinia . . - 503
Synonymy, coneeed plunge
| oo UE Ds eae +.)
Thecla mellinus. . Kh ro gys
Tinea fuscipunctella . . . . 503
Tineid larva feeding on dead
Cecropia 502, 516
Tineina, New N. Am. 2 ae
Tortricidea fiskeana* . . . 333
Tropza truncatipennis . . . 403
han ii ea s-0ig 63
Vanessa antiopa . . . . . 514
NEUROPTERA.
Alaskan Odonata. . . . , 382
Arkansas Odonata .. . . 621
Atropide ... . Ages
Calopteryx angustipennis oo ee
Dragonflies caught 7 tendrils
ofvines . . 0 "eee
D , Kingbirds eating’. ee aye 7
Dragonfly: eggs, Parasites from 615
Enallagmaanna* . . . . . 455
Gomphus crassus . . . . . 545
Gsexternas 3, eed es
Indiana Odonata . . . . «+ 640
Mecistogaster 0. )s:o.0,.@iacd Ged
Megaloprepus . ... . . . 601
Myrmeleon texanum* . . . 596
Psocids at light. . . . . . 601
Peecinella® (05.0 0 0 sea
P. slossone* ©. sci vito ullgge
Tachopteryx thoreyi. . . . 398
Troctes bicoler®:.::. © 4a ag §§6
T-niger® 67.8); e560
Wyoming dragonflies atti oss THRS
ORTHOPTERA.
Alaskan OF 5 ee; is gee
Earwigs on gallinule . . . . . 516
Gryllotalpa borealis ... . . 642
Podisma variegata ...... 630
AUTHORS.
Adams, C. C. gd RenhA netats 621
Aldfich, J.-Ro occur tees 531
Ashmead, W. H. 615, 623
Baker, C. Fai svaiaeae es acs 463
Banks, N.. . . . 431,559, 596, 601
Barnes, Wo) seers cas 328
Barrett, O. W. 403, 428, 600
Bowditch, F. C. 393, 512
Bradley, J.C...) -. fee
Broadwell, W. H. . 411, 447, 513,
608, 644.
Brown, C.\ Bi os yo acne ee
Browning,G.W. . . . . . 58t
Calvert, P. P. . 340, 342, 376, 407,
44°, 452, 475, 5°5, 537, 546, 572,
603, 634, 641.
Camden, A. Ne 6) we te ee
Cockerell, T. D. A. 439, 503, 510,
578, 594, 601, 622.
Cockerell, W.P. . . . . . 622
Coquillett, D, W. . . . 429, 500
OVI ih ir og 5 ec es
MOE, Wielka) 4) a 4, a
poene; RoW...
Dodge, G, M. 433, 472
——— ee
ed a ee
Pyar HG...
Ehrmann, G. A.
Fall, H. C. :
Fernald, C. H. .
‘ 333; $17, 580) 618
INDEX.
Sie
- 499, 619
. 459
. 359
Field, W. L. W. 401, 446, 447, 513,
514, 580, 610, eater
Forket,C. .
Foster, F: H.
Fox, W. J.
. 512
. 461
348, 380, 400, 412, 449,
484, 548, 553, 579, 612, 643.
Girault, A. A.
Goodhue, C. F.
Griffith, H. G. .
Harvey, F. L.
Herr, C. W. .
ae a
Holland, W. J. .
Hulst, G. D.
Johnson, C. W.
Johnson, W. G.
Kellogg, V. L. .
Kemp, S. T.
Kincaid, T.
Kwiat, A.
Lounsbury, C. P. .
Mally, C. W.
Marlatt, C. L.
Mills, H.
nes abe. 416
- 439
. 368
. 561
- 549
. 481
- 392
527, 554
298
. 471
305, 490
368, 482
- 353
. 447
- 340
2 . 546
. 425, 590
. 489
Moore, J. P. .
Newcomb, H.H. .
Osborn, H. .
Oslar, E. J.
Read, H. Y.
Rehn, J. A. G.
Rivers, J. J.
Satterth waite A. F.
Vv
. 340
- 396
395, 501
» + 495
. 412
. 630
. 389
. 502
Skinner, H. 334, 335, 347, 369, 380,
402, 413, 434. 445, 473, 482, 483,
502, 504, 515, 533, 536, 545, 571,
602, 608, 609, 611, 632.
Slosson, A. T.
Smith, J. B. ‘
Snyth, E A., Jr.
(547), 584.
Snow, W. A.
Snyder, A. J.
Soule, C. G.
Troschel, A. .
Webster, B. F. .
Webster, F. M.
Weidt, A. J. .
Weith, R. J...
Wheeler, W. M.
Wickham, H. F.
Willcox, E. V. .
Williamson, E. B.
Wolcott, A. B. .
+ 319
375, 509, 615
465, 485, 498
- 489
- 363
- 631
+ 334
. 436
375, 577, 640
- 348
. 641
- 423
450, 597
. 404
398, 453, 464
- 468
a J oe
5:
eta ta?
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VoL. XI. JANUARY, 1900. | No. 1
CONTENTS:
Kellogg—Noteson the Life-History Ho /land—A Description ofa Variety
and Structure of Blepharocera of Argynnis Nitocris from Chi-
Capitata Loew .. 305 huahua, Mexico leh, $s Sol BE 382
Slosson—Additional List of Insects byar - A New Cochildian of the Pa-
Taken in Alpine Region of Mt learctic Group... « . 388
Washington ......... ..... : SSP MOMMIGL: -. . in eS iacwaedenioneakiese .. B85
Johnson—Some Notes and Descrip- Economic Entomology 836
tions of Seven New Species and Not aN 340
One New Genus of Diptera.... 328 otes and News.........e0 J a :
Barnes—Notes on North America Entomological Literature............ 342
Diurnals, with Some Additions Doings of Societies ............... -.. B46
and Corrections to Dr. Skinner’s
Catalogue... BP a aU 328 NEI IR ROM. «5 69551 esece! scRaeeeeene res i, ii
NOTES ON THE LIFE-HISTORY AND STRUCTURE OF
BLEPHAROCERA CAPITATA LOEW.
By VERNON L. KELLOGG,
Stanford University, California.
i,
In the swift, tumbling little stream of Coy Glen, which has
cut its way from the summit of West Hill into the valley at
the head of Cayuga Lake, near Ithaca, N. Y., an interesting
fly makes itself abundantly at home. This fly is Blepharocera
eapitata Loew, one of the few North American species of its
family. In Comstock’s Manual there is a picture of the larva
and of the pupa of this fly. The midge itself looks like a
Small crane-fly. Prof. Comstock gives in the Manual some
account of the Blepharocera’s interesting habits and transforma-
tions. The larva and pupa are strangely modified to adapt
themselves to their aquatic life, for both larva and pupa live
submerged, clinging to the roekbed of the stream. They
gather in groups, forming black patches on the bed, in the
swift shallow parts of the brook. The larve hold firmly to
306 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
the smooth rock by means of six ‘‘ suckers ’’ lying in a single
segmented series in the median line on the ventral aspect of
the body. So fast-holding are these suckers that in attempt-
ing to remove a larva one often tears it in halves. Yet the
suckers can be readily voluntarily loosened by the insect. +
These strange larve of Blepharocera have not gone unnoticed
in other lands. Fritz Muller found them in Brazil (and this
was the discovery of the young stages of the Blepharoceride);
Dewitz, another German naturalist, found them in the Hartz
Mountains, and Prof. Zschokke, of the University of Basel,
has sent me some specimens from Switzerland. Here in Cali-
fornia I have found the midges of a new species of the genus
Liponeura, belonging to this family, and shall some day find
the larve. Of course, these various Blepharocerid larvee rep-
resent several species, but all of the members of the family so
far known have very similar immature stages.
For a year or more I have devoted some time to the study
of the post-embryonal development of Blepharocera capitata,
hoping to find in the development of a Nematocerous fly some
new light on those remarkable phenomena of histolysis
and histogenesis which accompany the development of the
Diptera, but which have been chiefly studied in the case of
Calliphora, one of the highly specialized members of the order.
The results of this study will be published elsewhere, but a
brief account of some of the interesting structural peculiarities
of Blepharocera, in its various stages, together with the little
that is known of its life-history, may be of interest to the
readers of THE NEws.
Life History.
The eggs of Blepharocera capitata have notas yet been found,
The larve and pups have long been-known to Prof, Comstock
and his students, being abundant in two streams near Ithaca
and not uncommon in others, On May 9, 1898, I visited Coy
Glen and found many young larvwe; no eggs, no pupe, no
adults. The smallest of these larvw were 2.5 mm. long, and
the larve were much scattered over the smooth rock bed of
the stream, where the water was swift, but shallow. The
larve can only live in swiftly flowing water; they die soon
after being removed into vials of water or into still-water
Sy Pinger:
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. | 307
aquaria. On May-14th I found larve of all sizes, from 3 mm. to
10 mm. long, and also a few just formed pupe.. The larger
larve, 9 to 10 mm, long, which were full grown and ready to
pupate, had gathered together, forming conspicuous ‘‘ patches ’’
on the rock bed. Each of these patches contained from one to
several hundred individuals.
Most of these full-grown larvz were curiously covered dor-
sally with a close growth of diatoms. The most abundant
diatom in this growth was one of the stalked Gomphonema.
The basis of this covering of the larva’s back was the gelatin-
ous mass at the base of the stalked diatoms. Scattered upon
and through this mass were individuals of Nitzschia and sev-
eral other diatomaceous genera. The covering had a soft, felt-
like appearance, grayish or brownish, and did not seem to
trouble the larva. In fact inthe light of this condition it was
very interesting to me to discover that the principal part of
the contents of the alimentary canal of the larva was composed
of diatoms. Is there any connection between the food habits
of the larva and this convenient flourishing of diatoms on the
insect’s back ?
On May 17th there were many new pup, but also still many
larva and these of all sizes, from the 2} mm. fellows to the
full-grown ones. The pupz all lie with head down stream.
On May 20th the pup far outnumbered the larve, and on
May 26th the larvee were scarce. There were no patches re-
maining; the larve were of various sizes. No adults had
issued ; this is certain from the fact that there were no empty
pupal cases to be seen in the patches of pups. (The pupal
Skin always remains attached to the rock after the imago
issues.) On June 1st I found the midges issuing. A few were
seen flying, with slow, weak flight, over the stream, and. I col-
lected a number as they issued from the pupal skins. Prof.
Comstock first observed, and described in the Manual, this in-
teresting escape of the delicate fly from the submerged pupal
skin. The swift water makes this matter a difficult one, and
a majority of the flies whose issuance I watched were carried
off before they could get above the water. By June 9th most of
the imagines had issued, although there were still pups and
even some larve there, mostly old. Farther up the stream
308 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. {Jan
some larva of about middle size, i. e. about 5-6 mm., were
found. I could find but few of the midges. These were cling-
ing to the under sides of leaves of bushes bordering the stream,
or were slowly flying about. I saw a female catch a small fly
and eat it. Saw none in copulo or ovipositing.
Between June 9th and July ist I visited the stream often,
searching for the eggs, but in vain. The imagines were very
scarce. I could find but one or two during an hour’s searching.
There were no larve nor pupe left.
Some reference to the food habits of the imagines will be
made in connection with the account of the mouth parts.
But I have little else to tell about the life-history. The rest
of the story is yet to be learned.
Anatomical Notes.
The larva. The curious shape of the larva is well shown
by the illustration (fig. 508) in Comstock’s Manual. But Prof. —
Comstock is in error in explaining the character of the seg-
mentation of the body. The body (see Fig. 1, A) consists of
six parts, separated by distinct constrictions. By making
sagittal longitudinal sections through the body it can be
seen that the anterior, apparently single, segment is
composed of the fused head and three thoracic segments,
F iG. 1. Blypharocera capitata Loew; A, larva, ventral aspect; B, dorso-ventral
section of body of larva through a sucker; /, /., lateral projection; s., sucker;
a tracheal gi lan; A. heart; al ¢, alimentary canal; mus., muscle; 7, tendon;
st., “stopper” or sucker; r., rim of sucker. '
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 309
while the most posterior part is composed of the
last two abdominal segments, the intervening parts repre-
senting each a single abdominal segment. That the anterior
- body parts comprises the head and thoracic segments is also
proved by the fact that all the imaginal discs of the legs and
wings are to be found here. The larva is footless, but each
body part (not body ségment) bears a pair of small, unseg-
mented, pointed projections (Fig. 1, 1. p.), situated on the
ventral aspect of the lateral margins. This projection may be of
slight use to the larva in locomotion, but, at best, only of slight
use. The real organs of locomotion and of attachment to the
rock bed of the stream are the six ‘‘suckers,’’ one of which
lies on the median ventral aspect of each body part (Fig. 1, s).
There is but one sucker for the combined head and thorax, and
but one for the last two abdominal segments. By means of
these suckers the larva clings to the rock bed of the stream,
despite the impact of the swiftly flowing water. The larva
can loosen its hold with the suckers yoluntarily ; and, by
loosening those at one end of the body, swinging this end lat-
erally and refastening it, and then loosening the other end
of the body and swinging and refastening it, a slow but safe
locomotion, chiefly lateral, is possible. The larvae move about
not a little, especially from the necessity of continually moving”
from the edge out farther into the stream as the water of the
little stream gradually lessens in quantity.
The structure of these suckers and the manner of their
‘ working are of interest. The ventral (external) aspect of a
sucker (Fig. 1, s.) shows a central opening, surrounded by a
strong, flexible, concave rim, marked with alternating concen-
tric bands of thicker and darker and thinner and lighter bands
of chitin. The rim projects considerably ventrad, so that a
considerable free or air space is enclosed by the rim when its
outer edgeis applied toany surface. In dorso-ventrad sections
transversal to the body of the larva (see Fig. 1, b.) the whole
structure of the sucker is apparent. The cup-shaped sucker
is seen, after all, not to consist of a rim around a circular open-
ing, but to be simply a part of the outer body wall (true skin
and chitin cuticula) peculiarly folded and modified to act as a
sucker. The projecting cup-like part (Fig. 1, 7.) of the sucker
310 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. (Jan
is coated with chitin, so as to be thick and strong, although
still flexible. At its base the skin is almost free from chitin,
thrown into fine folds, and bent in toward the interior of the
body and then out again. Here it is greatly thickened by a
circular, lens-shaped deposit of chitin (Fig. 1, st.), which is
slightly larger than the inner neck of the sucker, which it
closes internally. The neck of the sucker is the apparent een-
tral opening and the lens-shaped thickening is the bell-shaped
structure, which closes this opening internally, as seen in
looking at the sucker from the under or external side. The
structure of the sucker is all plainly shown in Fig. 1, B, and
can be much more readily understood from an inspection of
the figure than from reading this description. Attached to
the inner face of the lens-shaped ‘‘ stopper ’’ of the sucker are
two great muscles (Fig. 1, mus.), which run dorsally and
somewhat diagonally clear through the body cavity to the
dorsal walls, to which they are attached. The muscles do not
rise directly from the ‘‘stopper,’’ but are fastened to it by
strong, short tendons (Fig. 1, ¢.). The manner of the sucker’s
functioning can now be understood. With the rim resting ona
smooth surface, the rock bed of the stream, and the ‘‘stopper’’
well down in the neck of the air cavity of the sucker, the lift-
ing muscles may be contracted, the ‘‘stopper’’ raised (the
folds at the neck give chance for a considerable movement of
the ‘‘stopper’’) and a partial vacuum formed with the sucker.
“What museles are used when the insect desires to loosen the
hold of a sucker is not so evident. Probably the contraction
of certain dorso-ventral muscles which lie lateral of the
muscles which lift the ‘‘stopper’’ serves to force the ‘“‘stopper’’
down by flattening the body dorso-ventrally. So firmly can
the larve hold to the rock-bed by means of these suckers that
one often tears a larva in two in attempting to remove it,
The larvee breathe by means of small tufts of short, thick,
cylindrical, tracheal gills (Fig.1,¢.). There is a pair of these
gill tufts on the ventral aspect of each of the first to fifth
abdominal segments. Fach tuft consists of five or six short
branches springing from a common short basal stem, On the
sixth (last) abdominal segment there is no tuft of slender,
‘branching gills, as in the other segments; but there are two
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 311
pairs of much larger, thicker, finger-like processes, which may
be tracheal gills of another kind.
II.
The Pupa. The peculiar shape of the pupa, with its flat
ventral aspect and strongly convex, heavily chitinized dorsal
wall is well shown in Prof. Comstock’s illustration (Fig. 508,
Manual of Insects). The pupa has a pair of dorsal, pro-
thoracic tracheal gills, each one of
these organs consisting of four small
elliptical, erect plates (Fig 2, g.).
The whole of the flat ventral aspect of
the pupa is applied to the rock, and
the pupal cuticula is thin and mem-
braneous. The wings and legs are
folded on this flat ventral aspect.
In the interior of the pupal body
occur the interesting phenomena asso-
ciated with the histolysis of many of
the larval tissues and organs and the
histogenesis of the imaginal tissues,
Fra.2 Blepharocera capitata Which are as yet imperfectly under-
poncho gui *8Pects «stood. More than thirty years ago
Weissman published his account of
the post embryonal development of Musca (COalliphora) vomi-
toria, in which he told of the great breaking down or disinte-
gration undergone by certain larval organs and of the devel-
opment of the imaginal wings and legs from small groups of
cells called imaginal discs, which could be found in the larva
at an early age. Since then a few men have restudied the de-
velopment of Calliphora, and, in addition, more or less com-
pletely the development of a few other insects of complete
metamorphosis, including a butterfly, a beetle, an Encyrtus,
the little brown ant, and a few others. What has been found
out is chiefly this, that in insects with complete metamorpho-
sis many of the larval organs and tissues disintegrate during
the pupal stage, while the corresponding imaginal organs de-
velop from small scattered groups of primitive cells, which are
not derived from the cells of the larval organs, but are distinct
from them ; some of them are, indeed, derived directly from
312 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
the embryo. These groups of indifferentiated cells are called
imaginal dises or histoblasts. The legs and wings of the imago
develop each from a single histoblast, which is simply orig-
inally an invaginated’ part of the embryonic skin. Among
those tissues and organs of the larva which break down are
most of the muscles, most of the alimentary canal, the salivary
glands, much of the tracheary tissue, the fat body, ete. The
reproductive organs, the nervous system and probably the.
heart of the larva do not break down, but pass over with sim-
ple modifications into the imaginal body. One of the most
interesting things about these remarkable phenomena is the
fact that in many insects—in Calliphora, for example—the
breaking down of the larval tissues is accomplished by phago-
cytosis. That is, the tissues are attacked by certain cells of
the blood tissue, which destroy the tissues by eating them ;
hence the name of the cells, phagocytes. But the disintegra-
tion can occur, and does in the case of certain insects, without
the intervention of the phagocytes.
Now because the study among the Diptera of these phenom-
ena of post embryonic development have been confined almost
wholly to the specialized flies, the study of the post embryonic
development of some Nematocerous form ought to be of special
interest. But Blepharocera, although belonging to the gen-
eralized Nematocerous flies, and with an imago in really very
generalized condition (see the account later of the mouth parts
of the female), has such a highly modified larva that it shows
a very specialized condition of post embryonic development.
It is believed by some morphologists that phagocytes aid in
the disintegration of the larval tissues only where the post
embryonal development takes place in a very short time, as in
the Muscide. But my preparations show that phagocytosis
occurs conspicuously and on a large scale in the development
of Blepharocera, and this development is not specially hurried,
the pupal stage lasting probably about two weeks. I am in-
clined to believe, therefore, that a high specialization of the
larva, with the more radical differences between the larval
and imaginal organs necessitating a greater destruction of
larval tissues and organs, is quite a sufficient cause for phago-
cytosis, as rapid development.
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 313
The course of this histolysis and histogenesis, whose finding
out has been the chief object of my study of Blepharocera, is,
however, too complex a subject for consideration{in these brief
notes.
The Imago. The imagines have the general seeming of small
Tipulids (Fig. 3, A). The legs are very long {and the bodies
slender. The females are larger than the males, and have
more robust abdomens. ‘To two specially interesting points in
the structure of the imagines I wish to call attention.
Fia. 8. Blepharocera capitata Loew; A, female; B, head of female, ceph-
alic aspect.
In attempting to understand the specialized mouth parts of
the sucking and piercing insects it is necessary for us to find
the most generalized condition of the mouth parts existing in
any of the groups of sucking insects whose mouth parts are to
be studied. Among the Lepidoptera, for example, there exist
in two or three small moths (Hriocephala, Micropteryx) mouth
parts of such generalized condition that their parts can be
readily and certainly homologized with the familiar, simple
orthopterous biting type. Between these simplest, easily
understood mouth parts of Hriocephala and the highly special-
ized mouth of the sphinx moth there exist all the gradations
necessary to allow us to understand the course of specializa-
tion and the homologies of the extraordinary sphinx proboscis.
Among the Hymenoptera a similar condition prevails, and the
complex ‘‘tongue’’ of a honey bee is understood, and the
314 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. {Jan
manner of its derivation is understood, because the general-
ized Hymenoptera, the saw-flies, have mouth parts sufficiently
like the orthopterous type to make the homologies apparent,
and because there are among the various Hymenopterous in-
sects conditions of mouth parts gradatory from saw- fly to
honey bee.
Now among the Diptera we search for the manariized signa
among the presumably generalized flies, the Nematocera.*
And among all the Nematocera perhaps none has a mouth
which is more generalized, i. e., more nearly in the condition
of the typical biting mouth, than Blepharocera. The femal es of
Blepharocera, like the females of Simulium, Ceratopogon, Dixa,
Culex and some other Nematocera, are blood-sucking,.and,
bd 4, Blepharocera capitata Loew, mouth parts; /d, ¢., labrum. epi-
Sy od, MX 4 maxilla ; mx. p., Maxillary palpus; md, mandible;
wp, hypopharyoax; 7, lablum,
while the mouth parts of these forms are not strictly biting,
the mandibles are present, as cutting or sawing or piercing
organs. The males of these forms are nectar-feeding and have
lost the mandibles. In the mouth parts of the female Bleph-
arocera all of the parts of the typical biting mouth are pres-
ent, the mandibles, maxille and labium., The mandibles
*For an account of the mouth parts of all the Nematocerous
families see Kellogg, “The Mouth parts of Nematocerous Diptera,”
Psyche, Vol. viii, Nos, 273, 275, 276, 277, 278.
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 315
(Fig-4, md.) are long and serrate on their inner edges, so as
to be effective lacerating instruments. The maxille (Fig.
4, mx.) are elongate and blade-like and have four-segmented
palpi. The labium (Fig. 4, li.) is, though somewhat elongated,
truly tip-like and has its terminal lobes not coalesced and with-
out pseudo-tracheze. The hypopharynx is not shortand tongue-
like, as in the orthopterous mouth, but is long and slender, and
stylet-like. Altogether the difference between the mouth parts
of Blepharocera and the racial biting type is one of modifica-
tion, and of modification not sufficient to obscure the homolo-
gies, although a modification more profound than that shown
by the most generalized Lepidoptera or Hymenoptera. On
the other hand, there is not much dfficulty in tracing the de-
velopment of the Dipterous mouth from the generalized condi-
tionof Blepharocera (or Simulium, or Diva et al.) to that extraor-
dinary specialized condition shown by Musca, where the man-
dibles and maxille are lost and the labium is so modified that
it has no longer any likeness to the ‘‘ lower lips’”’ of the or-
thopterous mouth.
The other specially interesting point in the imaginal anat-
omy of Blepharocera is the structural condition of the com-
pound eyes. It has long been observed that several flies
(Simulium, Tabanaset al.)and certain other insects (Libellulide,
Ascalaphus, Ephemeride, et al.) have two sizes of facets in
each compound eye; that some have the field containing these
differently sized facets well delimited, the fields being in some
cases actually separated from each other by a non-facetted
line or by a constriction. When this constriction is so com-
plete that the eye is truly divided we may fairly say that there
are two pairs of compound eyes, the two eyes of each lateral
pair differing in the size of the facets. This last extreme con-
dition exists in the case of the males of certain Ephemeride
and in both males and females of Blepharocera capitata.
The eyes of our Blepharocera are plainly divided, or are two
on each side (Fig. 3, A and B). One of these eyes is dark
colored, has small facets, and faces anteriorly and laterally.
It is fairly convex. The other is reddish-brown, is composed
of much larger facets, faces dorsally and has a nearly flat sur-
face. This red, large faceted dorsal eye has the appearance of
316 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
flattened mushroom head, or thick plate, resting above the
other eye. In the males the dorsal, large faceted eye is much
smaller and less conspicuous than in the female, but both
parts of the eye (or botheyes) are plainl y present. This dif-
ference in the two parts of the eye is more radical, however,
than can be discovered
Lf: . bya mereexamination
from without. The
ommatidia or eye ele-
% regions differ,asshown
#3 alby sections (see Fig.
5), in many particu- |
- S lars. Corresponding
Sg oe f with the difference in
“rath § size of the facets (the
nator sy reac crite pti pag
lobe ;/. /,, large faceted eye; s./,, small faceted eye ; Z, ommatidia) there is a
unfaceted region between the two eyes of each side. marked difference in
the diameter of the ommatidia from the two regions. The
ommatidia of the dorsal large faceted eye are nearly twice as
wide and they are tully twice as long as the ommatidia
of the small faceted eye. Another striking and im-
portant difference is this, the larger ommatidia are very
much less strongly pigmented than the smaller ommatidia.
There are, also, some differences in the character of the inner
optic ‘‘layers’’ lying between the hypodermal portion of the
eye and the brain; characters too technical for discussion
here. In sum, however, it is evident that there is so marked
a difference in structure between the two eye regions that
there must be a difference in function. The seeing by one of
the eye regions differs from the seeing by the other eye region.
In a brief discussion elsewhere of the ‘‘ divided eyes of.
arthropods ’’ * I have referred to the observations of Chun,t
* Kellogg. “The Divided Eyes of Arthropods,” Zoologisches An-
zeiger, 1898, No. 557, pp, 280-281.
+ Chun, Carl, “ Atlantis, Biologische Studien uber pelagische
Organismen,” in Bibliotheca Zoologica, 1896, Bd. 7, Heft 19.
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 317
‘ who has described the structure of the divided eyes of certain
pelagic crustaceans, and to the observation of Zimmer,{ who
has studied thedivided eyes of certain male May flies. Inboth
of these cases the eyes show two sizesof facets, and accompany-
ing this are both those other structural differences which are
apparent in Blepharocera, viz.: the large ommatidia and small
amount of pigment of the large faceted eyes as compared with
the small ommatidia and heavy pigmenting of the small faceted
eyes. Here are three groups of arthropods, certain crusta-
ceans, May flies and flies, widely separated genetically and of
widely varying habits, showing a common structural modifica-
tion of the eyes. We have evidently to do with independent
- adaptations determined by some common functional need.
The large size of the ommatidia and the small amount of
pigment are characters which adapt the large facted eyes for
seeing in poor light (in the dark) and for readily perceiving
moving objects (delieate perception of shadows).* The normal
small faceted eyes see more accurately the actual shape of vis-
ible objects ; they have better definition, but require much
light. Chun explains that the large faceted eyesof the pelagic
crustacea enable them to perceive their prey (for the crustacea
possessing these eyes are all predaceous) in the poorly lighted
levels of the water. The large faceted eyes of the male May
flies enable them, according to Zimmer’s explanation, to per-
ceive the advancing female during the twilight marriage
flights peculiar to these forms. What is the special use of the
large faceted eyes in the case of Blepharocera?
The females are predaceous; they capture other smaller
live insects, and, lacerating them with the saw-edged mandi-
bles and blade-like maxille, lap their blood. The males, on
the other hand, presumably, do not capture insects ; they have
no mandibles and are probably nectar-feeding. The females
might advantageously be possessed of a number of those large,
weakly pigmented eye elements which are specially adapted
t Zimmer, Carl, “ Die Facettenaguen der Ephemeriden,” Zeitsch.
f. wiss. Zoologie, 1898, Bd. 63, pp. 236-262, pl. xii-xiii.
* To present the proof of this statement, which is well based on
the researches of Exner and others, would require a technical dis-
cussion which space and the character of this paper forbids.
318 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [J an
to the quick perception of moving objects. But what makes
this explanation less convincing is the fact that the males also
possess these large faceted ommatidia, although, to be sure, in
fewer number. Perhaps both males and females are active at
twilight. Search as carefully as I might I could never find
but very few of the adult Blepharocera along the stream, from
which they were certainly issuing by thousands. Until the
habits of our fly is better known, then, it is hardly profitable
to speculate on the special use of its large faceted eyes.
In closing I wish to call attention to three other accounts of
the life- -history and structure of Blepharoceridx, one being .
paper (in Russian, which I have not seen) by Wierzeijskii ; *
another a description of the larva and pupa of Liponeura brev-
irostris, the specimen being found near Goslar, in the Hartz
Mountains, Germany ; the other a detailed account (in Portu-
guese) of the structure of the larva, pupa and imago of Palto-
stoma torrentium, found in the proyince of Santa Catharina,
Brazil.+ In this last account Dr. Muller claims that the females
are dimorphic, one kind of female having divided eyes, man-
dibles and long tarsal claws; and, being blood-sucking in
habit, while the other kind lacks the dorsal large faceted eyes
and mandibles, has short tarsal claws and is nectar-sucking in
habit. Baron Osten Sacken has not been able to satisfy himself
that Muller is correct in his claim of dimorphism, despite the
fact that Muller’s reiterations are very emphatic. With this
question of dimorphism in mind I have examined all of the
females of Blepharocera capitata which I have collected, twenty-
three innumber. All these females agree in possessing dorsal
large faceted eyes and mandibles, and agree in all other struc-
tural characters. There is no dimorphism among these speci-
mens. Now almost all of the specimens were taken just
at the moment of issuance from the pupal case in different
parts of the stream at different times. The criticism that one
kind of female may have habits rendering it more easily dis-
covered and captured than the other kind, and, hence, that
my few specimens include only the easily taken ones, is not
valid in thiscase. I have, beside, dissected or sectioned many
pupe, and, in the case of all females thus examined, the
mandibles were present. It seems probable to me that there is
no dimorphism among the females of Blepharocera capitata Liw,
* Dewitz, H. ‘ Beschreibung der Larve u. Puppe von Liponeura,
brevirostris Low,’ Berliner Ent. Zeitsch., vol. xxv, 1880, pp. 61-66,
pl. lv.
+ Muller, Fritz, “A Metamorphose de um Insecto Diptero,”
Archivos do Museu Nacional do Rio Janeiro, 1881, vol. iv, pp. 47-85
pl. lv-vil-
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 319:
ADDITIONAL LIST OF INSECTS TAKEN IN ALPINE RE-
GION OF MOUNT WASHINGTON.
By ANNIE TRUMBULL SLOSSON.
I give herewith the names of some 170 species of insects
taken in the summer of 1899, and not included in my former
lists. I visited Mount Washington the last of June and
remained thirteen jdays. Again in August I spent eleven
days there. For identifications I am indebted to Messrs.
Ashmead, Coquillett, Liebeck, Fox, Van Duzee, Fernald;
Banks, Blanchard and Uhler.
PROCTOTRYPIDZ,
Chelogynus slossonz# Ashm. MS.
Helorus paradoxus Prov.
Pantoclis washingtonensis Ashm. MS.
Pantoclis crassicornis Ashm.
Zelotypa fuscicornis Ashm.
Prosacantha tarsata Ashm. MS.
Prosawantha argentispilis Ashm. MS.
Galesus quebecensis Prov.
CYNIPIDZ,
Allotria brassicse Ashm.
Ceroptres ficus Fitch.
CHALCIDID.
Perilampus platygaster Say.
Chalcis tarsalis Ashm.
Chiloneurus albicornis How.
Chiropachys color Lenn.
Miscogaster alticola n. sp., Ashm.
Omphale livida Ashm.
Dibrachys boucheanus Ratz.
Euderus elongatus Ashm.
Tetrastichus basinotatus Ashm.
Eulophus alticola Ashm. MS.
: EVANIIDZ.
Aulacus rufitarsis Cr.
ICHNEUMONID&.
Ichneumon seminiger Cr.
Ichneumon versabilis Cr.
Amblyteles ormenus Cr.
Phexogenes vincibilis Cr.
Bathymetis tegularis n. sp. Ashm.
Medophron monticola Ashm. MS.
Phedroctonus coxalis Ashm. MS.
320 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. ——_| [Jan
Diachasma mellea Ashm. MS.
Mesostenus candidus Cr.
Pimpla indigatrix Walsh,
Ecthrus luctuosus Prov.
Ecthrus abdominalis C7.
Polysphincta tricolor Ashm. n. sp.
Ctenochira leucozonata Ashm.
Polyblastus pedalis Cr.
Ctenacme monticola Ashm. MS,
Cosmocomus americanus Ashm. MS.
Syrphoctonus bilineatus Ashm. n. sp.
Pyracmon sp.
Chorinzus costalis Davis.
Exolytus grandis Ashm.
Anomalon relictum Fab.
Temelucha scutellata Ashm.
Thersilochus provancheri Ashm.
BRACONID2.
Aphidius montivagus Ashm. MS.
Hormiogaster slosssons Ashm. MS.
Chelonus carinatus Prov.
Rhogas aciculatus Cr. |
Microdus annulipes Cr.
PoMPILIDz.
Ceropales fraterna Sin,
CRABRONID&,
Crabro 6-maculatus Say.
Crabro nigrifrous Cr.
Vespa diabolica Sauss,
ANDRENID2.
Halictus similis Sm.
Agapostemon #ruginosus Sm.
DIPTERA
Mycetophila obscura Walk,
Mycetophila punctata Me/g.
Culex pungens Wied.
Dicranomyia globithorax O, 4.
Erioptera chrysocoma O. 4,
Trichocera sp-
Pachyrrhina eucera Lw.
Tipula trivittata Say.
Rhyphus punctatus.
Odontomyia cineta Olzv,
Tabanus cinctus /ab.
Holeocepbala abdominalis Say. ;
VESPID&,
sets! <
LE sD eee
1900]
Rhamphomyia muta bilis Dw.
Platy palpus apicalis Dw,
Platypalpus lateralis Zw.
Ardoptera irrorata Fall,
Neoplasta scapularis Lw.
Chilosia lasiophthalma Wil.
Pyropheena ocy mi Jab.
Temnostoma zquale Dw,
Corops sylvosus W7//.
Oncomyia loraria Lw,
Actia palloris Cog.
Zelia vertebrata Say.
Pegomyia n. sp. ?
Lispa hispida Walk.
Ceenosia nudiseta Stein.
Cordylura n. sp. ?
Allophyla levis Lv.
Calobata antennipes Say.
Trypeta bella Dw.
Palloptera jucunda? Lw:
Sapromyza 0. sp.
Prochyliza chrysostoma.
Hydrina opposita Lw.
Drosophila funebris Fad.
Drosophila inversa Wadk.
Drosophila quinarie Lw.
Hippelates flavipes Zw.
Hippelates pusio Lw.
Chlerops proxima Say.
Agromyza jucunda v. d. w.
Agromyza melanopyga Lw.
*Gymnophora arcuata Mer.
Phora picta Lehm.
COLEOPTERA.
CARABIDZ.
Calosoma scrutator Fad.
Elaphrus clairville Kirby.
Patrobus septentrionis De).
Amara erratica Sturm.
Platynus reflexus Lec.
Harpalus pennsylvanicus De G.
DyTIscIDz&,
Celambus impressopunctatus Sch. —
Agabus punctulatus Aude.
STAPHYLINID&.
Philonthus lomatus Zr.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
321
* Not before recorded from this country.”—CoQuUILLETT.
322 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. eat [Jan
Philonthus brunneus? Grav.
Conosoma knoxii Lec. —
Homalium lapponicum Zeit.
ENDOMYCHID&.
Endomychus biguttatus Say.
Cucusip2.
Laemophleus adustus Lee.
NITIDULID#&.
Epurea sp.
DASYLLID&.
Cyphon ruficollis Say.
ELATERID&.
Dolopius lateralis Esch.
Limonius aurifer ZLec.:
(Estodes tenuicollis Rand.
Sericosomus honestus Rand.
LAMPYRID&.
Plateros canaliculatus Say.
Podabrus levicollis Kirby.
Telephorus rectus Welsh.
PTINID&.
Anobium notatum Say.
Xyletinus lugubris Lec.
CERAMBYCID&.
Leptura proxima Say.
CHRYSOMELID&,
Longitarsus turbatus Horn.
CURCULIONIDA.
Thysanocnemis fraxini Lec,
Rhinoncus pyrrhopus Lec.
ScoLyTmp 2.
Hy pothenemus sp.
Hylurgops pinifex Fitch.
. ANTHRIBID%,
Cratoparis lunatus Fab.
LEPIDOPTERA,
HETEROCERA.
Actias lana Linn,
Edema albifrons S. and A.
Benta asperatella Clem,
Crambus agitatellus Clem.
Platyptilia marginidactyla Mitch.
Tortrix conflictana Walk.
Steganoptycha crispana Clem.
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. Ree 323
.
Argyresthia goedertella Linn.
Buccalatrix canadensisella Cham.
HEMIPTERA.
HETEROPTERA.
Podisus cynicus Say.
Podisus serieventris Uhl.
Banasa calva Say.
Acanthosoma cruciata Say,
Corizus noveboracensis Sign.
Nysius thymi Wolf.
Cymus sp.
Lygus pn. sp.
Lygus var. flavomaculatus Prov.
Lygus monachus Uhl.
Lygus hirticelus Uhl.
Inacora malina Uhl.
Largidena opaca Uhl, MS.
Neoborus saxeus Dést. var.
Agalliastes associatus Uhl.
Agalliastes n. sp.
Plagiognathus fraternus Uhl.
Phytocoris n, sp.
Cyrtorrhinus n. sp.
Psallus n. sp.
NEUROPTERA.
Chloroperla montana Bks.
Centroptilum luteolum Mueil,
Chrysopa ypsilon F7/tch-
Hemerobius stigmaterus F7tch.
Hemerobius venusta Bks.
ARANEID 2.
ARACHNID &,
Epgzira carbonaria Koch.
Cornicularia communis Hentz,
ray
SOME NOTES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF SEVEN NEW
SPECIES AND ONE NEW GENUS OF DIPTERA.
By CHARLES W, JOHNSON.
The new species here described are some that have been
discovered in preparing the list of Diptera for Prof. John B.
Smith’s list of the insects of New Jersey, now in press.
324 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. _ [Jan
: ‘
Cecidomyia oxyccocana Johnson,
Cecidomyia vaccinii J. B. Smith. Special Bull. K., N. J.
Agri. Exp. Sta., pp. 31-37, figs. 16, 17, 18, 1890. Catl.
Ins. N. J., 360, 1890. aS Osten Sacken, ‘Maaaae! Vol.
I, p. 196, 1862).
Cecidomyia oxycoccana Johns. Ent. News, X., 80, 1899.
This species was well described and figured = Prof. Smith
in his special bulletin on ‘‘The Insects Injuriously Affecting
Cranberries.’”’ As the name is preoccupied, I herewith take
the liberty of redescribing it from Prof. Smith’s work under
the above name.
“In color the female is recognizable at once by the deep red abdo-
men, the grayish upper side of thorax, sides more yellow and
black head and eyes. The male is smaller than the female, of a
more uniform yellowish gray and also with black eyes. The legs
are very long and yellowish, covered with fine hairs. The antennxe
of the male are long and very handsome, appearing like a string of
beads, each bead set with long hairs in a circle around it. The an-
tenn of the female are much shorter, the joints oval and closely
joined. The female is furnished with a long extensile ovipositor,
by means of which she thrusts her eggs into the very heart of the
young shoot, probably depositing them at the base of one of the
minute leaves just forming. The imago is about one sixteenth of
aninch in length, the wings expanding about one-eighth of an
inch, covered with fine hair,
“The larva is a minute orange red or yellow grub, about .06
inch or a trifle more in length. When fully grown the larva spins
a very thin and delicate pure white cocoon, in which it changes into
a pupa, with all the members of the future fly distinctly traceable.
The pupa wriggles out of the cocoon before the fly emerges and
makes its way to the edge of the leaf by means of the little rough
points with which the abdomen is set.
“ There are at least four, and probably five, broods of this insect,
ranging in time from the beginning of May to the middle or end
of September, and requiring from larva to imago about thirteen
days.”
Infests the terminal buds of. the cranberry and ‘‘ Loose
Strife ’’ (Lysimachia terrestris) in the vieinity of re
and other sections of the State.
Teucholabis complexa Osten Sacken.
The larve of this species was found in considerable number
under the bark of a decayed oak in the woods below Peer-
mont (Avalon), on June 8th. They commenced pupating
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 325
about the 13th, the imagos continuing to emerge from the 22d
to the 27th.
Sargus ceruleifrons, n. sp.
B&Q. Upper half of the front and the vertex bluish green, shin-
ing, about one-third narrower in the ¢ than in the 2 ; lower half
of the front yellow, with a prominent transverse ridge, the upper
edge of which is pure white; this ridge occupies about the middle
of the front; face and occiput black, facial orbits yellow, palpi
whitish, antenne yellow with black hairs, ariste black, the first
joint of the antenne slightly longer than in most species. Dorsum
of the thorax, the scutellum and metanotum green, in the male,
blue, witha slight green shade; humeral callus and pleura yellow,
sternum black. Abdomen bright blue in the 9, blue black in the
o', sparsely covered with whitish pile, that is, thicker on the sides
and at the margin of the segments; ventor black, the anterior
margins of the segments yellowish. Legs light yellow, terminal
half of the posterior femora (on the upper side) and tibise and the
three last joints of the ‘tarsi dark brown Wings, brownish hya-
line, stigma and veins dark brown. Length, ¢' 7mm., 9 8mm,
Two specimens were taken in coition along Dunnfield creek,
Delaware Water Gap, N. J., J uly 12, 1898.
Therioplectes politus, n. sp.
3 Face black, pile whitish, oral margins brownish, with white
pile that is longer than that on the face, mouth parts brownish ;
‘front black, densely covered with a grayish pubescence. Antenne
reddish, with black hairs, upper edge of the third joint brown, tip-
black, Thorax and scutellum black, shining, with sparse. black
‘pile ; two subdorsal stripes, formed by grayish bloom, extends from
the anterior margin to the suture, antealar tubercle yellow, humeri
and postalar tubercle brownish, pleure black, with long yellow
pile, especially below the base of the wing and tegule. Abdo-
men; first three segments yellow, shining, translucent, with a
broad dorsal stripe and lateral margins brown, the remainder of
the segments shining black, narrowly margined posteriorly with
yellow, anterior margin of the four segments on each side and an
obsolete spot connected with the posterior margin also yellowish,
pile sparse blackish, second and third ventral segments yellow,
translucent, first and fourth brown, the others black, all except the
first with a posterior band of whitish bloom, Wings hyaline>
veins and the greater portion of the marginal and submarginal cells
brown. Legs black, base of the anterior tibis and the tibie and
tarsi of the middle and posterior legs brown. Length, 10mm.
One 3, collected at Merchantville, June 28, 1899. Anxiously
looking for more material, I have refrained until now in de-
scribing this interesting species.
326 _ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
Daulopogon terricola, n. sp.
3 2. Head with adense, grayish pubescence, in certain lights
the middle of the front and a line across the vertex is dark brown
mystax, and the hair on the lower part of the occiput white, the
antenne and mouth parts black. Thorax and scutellum covered
with a thick, grey pubescence, with two dorsal and a dorso-pleural
line of brown, pleurs. also with a dense grayish pubescence. Ab-
domen black, with a thin, whitish pubescence, segments minutely
punctate, with a narrow, shining posterior border, which in some
specimens show a more or less brownish color,a lateral margin
expanding toward the posterior angle of each segment, is of a light
gray ona yellowish ground, ventor with grayish pubescence, hy-
popygium brownish. Wings, hyaline veins dark brown, halters
yellow. Legs reddish brown, cox, front and usually the middle
femora, except the tip black, pubescence and hair white, terminal
joints of the tarsi more or less blackish, hairs and bristles on the
tibe and tarsi black. Length, 7mm.
Ocean County (Prof. J. B. Smith), Clementon, May 9th,
30th ; Wenonah, May 14th ; Riverton, May 29th. This spe—
cies is quite common during the spring on the low, damp
ground of southern New Jersey. I have seen it from no other
locality.
_Rivellia brevifasciata, n. sp.
3 @. Lower half of the face shining black, upper half opaque,
front brown. opaque, vertex with three shining black spots, the
central one surrounding the ocelli, frontal and facial orbits silvery;
occiputs black, antenne reddish, tip of third joint dark brown,
Thorax and abdomena uniform dark green. Legs entirely light
yellow. The four bands on the wings are obsolete or greatly ab-
breviated, the first and second costal cells are hyaline; the first
band consists only of a spot in the marginal cell; the second and
third bands do not extend beyond the fourth longitudinal vein ;
the fourth, or apical band, about the same as in 2. favimana, but
not connected with the third along the costal margin. Length,4mm.
This species is nearest related to 2. flavimana Loew, from
which it is at once separated by the obsolete bands and _hya-
line costal cells.
Atco, June 18, 1893, I have also two specimens from Dr,
Garry deN. Hough, collected by Mr. G. R. Pilate at Tifton,
Ga., June 6th.
Chastopsis apicalis, nu. sp. Fig 1. e
Resembles C. anea Wied., except in the color of the wings, which
in this species are yellowish, witha large brownish-black apical
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 327
spot, bordered by a subarcuate whitish
band; in some specimens there is a
slight brownish tinge along the inner
edge of the white band toward the
costa; in others the apical spot is
| broken into three parts, forming wide
margins to the veins, with hyaline stripes in the middle of the cells.
- Length, 4 to 6mm. & &-
Cape May, June 14th; Anglesea, July 16th ; Sea Isle City,
July 22d ; alsoat Ormond, Fla. (Mrs. Slosson), and St. Augus-
tine. This may possibly be only a variation of OC. @nea, but
in the large series before me I fail to find satisfactory inter-
mediates. It seems to be confined to the sea coast and is
quite common in and along the salt water marshes.
Sepsisoma, n. gen.
Body slender, resembling Sepsis in form. Front very broad, face
but slightly projecting, occiput fully one-third the total length of
the head. Ocelli not approximate, the two upper ones being on the
posterior edge of the vertex, the other nearthe front, ariste dis-
tinctly pubescent. Two prominent lateral prothoracic and two
mesothoracic bristles, scutellum small with two bristles. Meta-
thorax abruptly sloping. Abdomen subpedunculate. Legs slen-
der, femora not thickened, front and hind femora only, with four
or, five small spines on the under side toward the tip. Wings sim-
ilar to those of the genus Stenomacra Loew. It belongs to the sec-
tion Richardina, family Ortalide.
Sepsisoma flavescens, n. sp. Fig. 2.
Head, thorax, abdomen, legs and autenue reddish yellow, ocelli
brownish black, third joint of the antenne slightly more than
double the length of the second and third together, oblong and ta-
“—————~ =~ pering slightly toward the tip; vertex
shining with four bristles, one on each
side of the anterior ocelli, the others on
the orbits, occiput also with four bris-
tles, two on each side near the vertex.
Thorax subopaque, halters light yel-
low. Abdomen somewhat darker toward the base, the whole
covered with a short yellowish pile. Legs covered with short
yellowish hairs, middle and posterior tibiz and tarsi with a more
or less brownish tinge. Wings hyaline, with a small brown spot at
top, extending equally along the margin on each side of the end of
the third longitudinal vein. Length, 6mm.
Three specimens, one of which was taken along Big Timber
Creek, a short distance above Westville, August 19, 1897.
328 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
Neaspilota achillex, n.sp. Fig. 3.
Head light yellow, first and second joints of the antenne Kin
light yellow, third joint of a slightly
darker shade. Thorax and scutellum
light yellow, dorsal portion and the
metathorax blackish with a whitish
bloom and pubescence. Abdomen
dark yellow, with blackish pile. Ov-
as ipositor shiny, legs yellow, wings
as shown in figure, except that in some specimens there is only a
wide costal margin, the short transverse stripe becoming obsolete
or wanting Length, 4mm.
Common on the Yarrow or Milfoil (Achillea millefolium) at
Avalon, June 30, 1895; one specimen, Edge Hill, Montgom-
ery County, Pa., July 4th ; also one specimen from Dr. Garry
deN. Hough, collected by Mr. G. R. Pilate at Tifton, Ga.,
June 6, 1896. It resembles in general appearance a small JN.
vernonia Lv.
NOTES ON NORTH AMERICAN DIURNALS WITH SOME
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO DR. SKINNER'S
CATALOGUE.
Wit11aM Barnes, M.D, Decatur, Illinois.
Heliconius charitonius Linn This species, socommon in Florida,
is only rarely found in Texas and Arizona I have occasionally re-
ceived specimens from near Kerrville, Texas, and from Cochise Co.,
Arizona.
Agraulis vanilla Linn. Occasionally found as far north as Col-
orado.
Argynnis cybele Vay. carpenterii Edw. The original types of
this variety were taken on Taos Peak, northern New Mexico,and
notin Arizonaas is stated in both Edwards’ and Skinner’s catalogues.
I have this year received specimens from near Durango, South-
west Colorado, Cybele, as it occurs with us in the East, [ have never
seen in the mourtainous regions of Colorado, nor west of the con-
tinentaldivide, Typical /ef/o occurs as far east as Utah, and pos-
sibly in the extreme western part of Colorado along the line. In
the intermediate territory between where leto and cybele fly we
find the forms of carpenterii and charlots, the former more to the
eastward, the latter west and north. Charlottiformsa very close
connecting link between /efo and cybele, and its occurrence in the
Intermediate territory is of interest as showing the path along
which at some former time the species probably spread across the
continent.
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 329
Argynnis owent Edw. t transparent, with a broad dark rim; there is a yellow shade,
almost a spot, where the wings start near the body. The body is
dark brown with orange yellow spots on each side, similar to caro-
lina. A. TRroscHen
Norre—The description applies fairly well to Coevi/us (Sphinx) cluentius Cram,
or C. duponchelit Poey, Our largest specimen of the former measures about four
and one-halfinches, and of the latter five and one-half inches,
HENRY SKINNER,
1900] 335
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEwWS solicit and will thankfullyreceive
items of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name
will be given in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliograph-
ers. |
To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at
our earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to
date of reception. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS has reached a circulation, both in
numbers and circumference, as to make it necessary to put “copy” into the
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should be remembered in sending special or important matter for a certain
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they are wanted; and this should be so stated on the MS., along with the num-
ber desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—EbD.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., JANUARY, 1900.
Another volume has rolled into the past, and we are pre-
pared to go on with THE News and make it better than ever.
It is our purpose to increase the number of pages and thus
give more matter of interest and be able to more rapidly put
into print the many papers that we receive. We also hope
to be able to give colored illustrations, in addition to the usual
half-tones and line engravings. We will welcome more arti-
cles of a popular but instructive nature, as many of our read-
ers are non-professional and care little for the dry details of
systematic work, although articles of this latter class will not
be ignored. While we will give our readers still more for their
money, the price will be the same as it was when we only pub:
lished sixteen pages a month. In 1890, when THE NEWS was
commenced, we hardly thought it would grow to a forty-page
journal, and we feel grateful to those who in the past ten years
have given us their aid and encouragement.
336 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc. D., New Brunswick, N. J.
Papers for this department are solicited. They should be sent to the editor,
Prof. John B. Smith, Se. D., New Brunswick, N. J.
LIFE HISTORY OF A TICK.
The scantiness of the present knowledge of the life history and
habits of the tick kind may render the following observations on
the South African Bont Tick Amblyomma hebreum Koch of some in-
terest to American students. Other species found at the Cape pre-
sent a similar life history. and the same is doubtless true of some of
the American species, as, for instance, the Lone Star Tick and the
Dog Tick of the South, which Professor Morgan, of the Louisiana
Experiment Station, states are to be found as nvmphs and adults in
pastures.
The mother Bont Tick deposits her eggs on or in the soi! or in
rubbish, by preference just beneath the surface in soft ground. The
young tick ascends the nearest support, whether grass, bush, fence
post or anything else, and there, in-company with its kind, awaits
the passing of an animal. It generally remains motionless, but a
movement in its vicinity usually causes it to extend its fore legs
and to vigorously claw the air; this admits of its securing a hold —
onan animal with little waste of energy. Once on ‘and attached,
little enlargement takes place until after the thirdday. Then rapid
distention occurs, and ina day or two the tick lets go its hold and
drops. The duration of this period on the host varied from tive to
eight days in the thousands of larve reared in the course of recent
studies; the greatest number always fell on the sixth day. The
reason for the variation is unknown, but is suspected to be con-
connected with the difference in the flow of blood from different
tissues.
The distended larva is very active until a place for concealment is
found, Then it becomes sluggish and gradually dormant. After a
period of variable length the skin ruptures across the front and the
nymph stage begins. If the tick is kept continually in a tempera-
ture of ninety degrees or above, the change to the ny mph is com-
plete in sixteen days from the voluntary dropping. Under ordinary
conditions of temperature, however, the period must be a long one;
in the case of some of the ticks reared it exceeded eleven weeks,
The nymph behaves much as did the larva, but, naturally, as it is
separated from its brothers, it generally waits alone. ln time it
usually secures a host. Then, as before, there is little change in size
—_
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 337
for a few days; rapid distention follows and it soon falls off volun-
tarily for the second time. The duration limits of this host period,
as shown by the thousand or more individuals reared under .obser-
vation, are four and one-quarter and eight days; as in the case of
the larva, most of the “drops” occurred on the sixth day. The
distended nymph roams about until a suitable hiding place is found,
which, where possible, is in the cover of the soil or plant stems, and
then it settlesdown to moult. Incubation at 100 to 103 degrees has, in
the case of two large batches, indicated the minimum period from
the drop to this moult to be twenty-four days. The maximum
limit has not yet been determined, but exceeds eleven weeks ata
tem perature averaging 65 degrees.
The sex, which in the larval and nymphal stages appears indis-
tinguishable, is clearly indicated by the colors, markings and other
characters in the adult. So distinct are the markings and so thin
the old skin, that the sexes may be separated two or three days be-
fore the moult actually takes place. In general appearance the
adult is as different as can be from the earlier stages, and therefore,
until these studies were made, it is not strange that the different
stages of the species failed to be associated with one another.
After its second and final moult the tick again seeks its host, and
in its quest it now does relatively much more traveling and less
resting than asa larvaornymph. The male fastens toa beast with-
out much hesitancy, but the female is very reluctant to attach her-
self except in front of or close by one of the opposite sex. Almost
or quite invariably the female does the courting. She will
not, however, take notice of a male prior to the latter’s attaching
himself, and neither will the male give her encouragement. Fora
number of days, the minimum of which appears to be four, the male
continues unattractive, and although a female may come up and
touch him with her fore legs she passes him by. Then an entire
change takes place in his behavior, ana on the approach of a fe-
male he is thrown into wild excitement. He brings his body at
right angles with the skin of the animal and waves his eight legs
frantically. His would-be-mate rushes up, is caught by the waving
legs, and in a few seconds the pair is in close embrace, the limbs of
each entwining the other. The female then proceeds to penetrate
the skin of the host just‘in front of where her mate is attached.
Sometimes several females dispute over one male; and in such a
case the unlucky ones may settle down, even to half a dozen in num*
ber, around the pair. ;
A few days after mating in this manner the female begins to
swell, at first slowly and then morerapidly; by about the fifth day
she may be half distended. Full distention is generally attained on
the seventh or eighth day and. the tick then falls, Development
may, however, be complete in six and one-half days, or may not be
338 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
until the ninth. A female which takes up her position alone de-
velops little, and is almost sure to let go within a week and renew
her search for an eligible male. An unmated male may also relax
his hold and search fora mate, but this does not appear to bea
common habit, and in such cases as it has been noticed the male
settled down near a lone female and left her to change her position
to effect the match he evidently desired. The duration of a male’s
life on the host has still to be determined, but many specimens now
on cattle under observation have been attached already over five
weeks. During its stay it may have several successive mates.
Sometimes it turns or is pulled about so as to embrace a second
before the first has fallen, and a third has been observed to closely
follow a second.
The period which elavses between the dropping of the distended
female and the beginning at oviposition has varied in instances ob-
Served from two to ten weeks. Oviposition has extended from three
to nine weeks and incubation from eleven weeks to six months,
Under ordinary conditions it is estimated that the entire round of
life normally occupies at least a twelvemonth. Larval ticks
hatched six months ago are still alive. The hungry nymphs have
less vitality and few have survived thirteen weeks, although
the majority not utilized in tracing the life history survived full
three months. The waiting adult ticks seem to become exhausted
in a shorter time, but those kept did not begin to die off until the
tenth week. The different stages have been kept the periods men-
tioned, principally at the office or in living rooms. The vitality of
all has no doubt been severely tested by frequent disturbances and
by being carried on long train and cart journeys. The larve have
been kept in a cork-stoppered bottle, the nymphs in a glass-topped
jar, and the adults in glass-topped pisteboard boxes. No moisture
or anything from which nourishment could be derived has been
given them.
The larve when on the host naturally gorge themselves with
blood, but many specimens reared evidenced by their cream or pink
body color that they had drawn colorless fluids wholly or in part.
When distended the larve measure 2mm.in length The nymphs
reared were very uniform in their color; when distended fully
they measure 5mm. to 6mm. in length, but exceptional individuals
drop when even less than 4mm. A critical examination may show
sexual differences in this stage but a superticial one; all that has
thus far been made shows none at all. The adults measure from
4mm. to 6mm. in length when they emerge from the nymphal skin.
The male does not increase perceptibly in length or breadth during
its stay on the host. The female generally increases to at least
2mm in length. and individuals measuring 25mm. long, 19mm,
wideand 13mm. thick are not uncommon, These details are in-
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. . 339
cluded here merely to give on2 an idea of the size of this gigantic
species.
Owing to the size of the tick there is no difficulty in observing
the interesting process of oviposition. For this act a broad furrow
forms under the depressed rostrum and the genital orifice, which
normally is beneath the body, is thus brought to the front margin.
The lips of the orifice extrude, act as an ovipositor, and carry the
egg upward almost half way over the depressed rostrum. Mean-
while a pale colored, glandular organ, cleft for much of its length»
protrudes from a cavity situated immediately beneath the fore
margin of the shield. Gradually unfolding its glistening arms»
this gland extends itself downward over the rostrum, grasps th®
egg and apparently envelopes it in slime, which it secretes. It then
retracts, dragging the egg with it for a distance, but eventually
leaving its charge resting on the rostrum. The latter organ with
the palpi then comes into play, and rising together they push the
ege forward and out of the way. The whole operation usually oc-
cupies from fifty-five to s'xty-five seconds. The slightest touch
causes a suspension of the work, and several hours generally elapse
before it sgain begins. If repeatedly disturbed, as for instance by
the daily removal of the eggs, the tick may cease laying altogether,
By careful computation the egg complements of three ticks taken
at random have been found to be, respectively, about 10,000, 13,400
and 17,600. It is presumed that the largest individuals lay as many
as 20,000, The eggs adhere to one another and form an irregular
mass in front of the body.
The adult male does not appear to draw blood but to live on
serous matter. There is always some inflammation about the
“bites” of all stages,and at least a slight suppuration occurs
where the aduits settle. Great sores sometimes form, and it is this
result of tick attack more than the actual loss of blood that makes
the tick problem so important in South Africa. Heifers on badly
infested farms sometimes lose from one to all four teats before they
calve, and there are stock farms on which a cow with a sound udder
is exceptional. The transmission of several blood diseases is at-
tributed to the agency of the species by the farmers, and in the
course of studying the life history it was incidentally discovered
that the farmers were perfectly correct as far as Red Water (‘Texas
or Southern fever) was concerned. This malady was transmitted to
astabled cow located a thousand miles from where the origina!
female ticks were obtained.
The Bont Tick in all stages attacks all kinds of stock farmed in
South Africa, and that without apparent discrimination. Different
classes of stock may be infested by the same tick in the different stages
of its development. The tick does not do well where the hair is
thick and long, or it would be nearer the truth to say that it is not
340 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
adapted to climbing threugh hair. Therefore few, particularly in
the adult stage, are found away from the relatively bare places, and
hence some classes of stock become far more infested than others.
Animals in high condition are less subject to attack than those in
poor condition, but an animal in the very pink of condition may
become much infested. Some individual animalsare far less suscepti-
ble than others, but ‘‘ tick-proof” animals have not been observed.
The less susceptible animais are probably found by as many ticks as
the others, but for an unexplained reason or reasons the ticks do not
take hold. In this connection it may be mentioned that most ticks
get on and tumble off a number of times before securing a hold-
Horses are made lame by infestation beneath the fetlock; sheep and
. goats by:attack between the toes. Ostriches are able to reach almost
all parts of their bodies to remove the tick, and so keep themselves
relatively free, the whole surface considered. Larve, nymphs and
adults have all fastened on to the writer, but not so freely as on to
cattle. Oddly, the pubic regions appear to be most attractive to
them. Thisapparent preference was at first thought to be due to
the arrangement of the clothing, but latterly it has been learned
that native children, clad in a single garment hanging from the
shoulders, suffer the sarne experience.
CHARLES P. LOUNSBURY.
Cape Town, South Africa.
4“)
Notes and News.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS OF THE GLOBE.
KINGBIRDS EATING DRAGONFLIES.— During July and August, 1899, .
at Cottage City, Martha’s Vineyard, Mass., kingbirds were fre-
quently observed to catch and eat a large species of dragonfly which
occurred abundantly about the house and downs The captured
insects were invariably carried toa convenient perch, usually a fence,
on which they were held with the bird’s feet, while the wings were
stripped off and discarded, when the body was pulled to pieces and
eaten, J. Percy Moore.
(The dragonfly referred to was Lpiaschna heros Fabr.; the king-
bird is, of course, the common Tyrannus, tyrannus L. This is the
most definite observation yet recorded, to my knowledge, on this
subject, J. L. Hersey, Can. Ent., April, 1873, p. 160, having merely
recorded that dragonflies are a favorite food for kingbirds See also
M. J. Elrod in Tue News for January, 1898, p. 9, at bottom —
E.G PA
ENromo.LoGicaAL Honors.—Dr, L. O, Howard, Professors John B.
Smith, Ff. M. Webster and H,. F. Wickham were unanimously
elected honorary members of the Entomological Society of Ontario
at its meeting of October 11 and 12, 1899.
a ll
1900] _-s ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. a4 one
In response to an invitation sent out by Mr. H. H. Newcomb, a
number of gentlemen met at his office in the Puritan Building, 35
Court street, Boston, on the evening of Friday, November 24, 1899,
to take steps toward the formation of an Entomological Club. Mr.
Newcomb presided, and Mr. W. L. W. Field was appointed to fill
the office of secretary-treasurer pending the regular election of of-
ficers. The selection of a name for theclub was deferred to the next
meeting. It was agreed that the organization should be as informal
as possible, and that itschief purpose should be to furnish oppor-
tunities for social intercourse among local entomologists. It was
voted to meet again in the same place on Friday, December 15th, at
7:00 p. m. Beside those already mentioned there were present
Messrs. P. G. Bolster, E. B. Clapp, J. A. Field, A. P. Hall, W. F.
Low, G. A. Smalley, L. W. Swett, C. O. Zerrahn.
WE learn from Mr. Philip Nell, 1836 North Seventh street, Phil-
adelphia, that he is printing pin labels for entomologists all over
the United States and Canada. Thisgreatly pleases us, as it marks
a great advance in the study of entomology. The carelessness of the
past in regard to lack of data is greatly to be deplored, and many
specimens collected by our predecessors are worthless on this ac-
count. Weadvise all our readers, subscribers and friends who do
not use these labels to immediately get a supply and properly label
the pins of all their specimens and send a supply of labels along
with any specimens they send in exchange to correspondents.
‘THe BritisH-Bo—ER WAR—MOUTILATED IN A Horet.—November
19th.—The latest eccentricity of the enemy was the firing of three
rounds from a howitzer at half past seven o'clock last evening. The
second missile pierced the roof of the Royal Hotel. Mr. Stark, a
naturalist, who was preparing a book on “ The Entomology of
Natal,” was standing in the doorway. He was hurled into the
street, both his legs being torn off. He said, ‘* Look after my cat,”
and then died.— Philadelphia Ledger, November 30th.
(Mr. Stark was preparing a work on “‘ The Ornithology of South
Africa ;” thefirst volume of which he had completed. The work
is to form part of Slater's ‘‘ Fauna of South Africa.”—Eps. ]
ON PERENNIAL YoutH.—F ads and fancies, or other pleasures and
occupations, may become out-of-date,grow old or lose their charms,
but nature study never. It is to be enjoyed by the really young at
eight, to the young at heart at eighty and upwards. Pleasant
memories are stored in youth for a beautiful harvest in old age, in-
creased steadily by yearly accumulations. The naturalist may
number his years by many, but he is never old.” — Popular Science.
September, 1899.
THe drawing for the cover was made by our good friend Mr.
Browning, of Salt Lake City, Utah.
342 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
Entomological Literature,
COMPILED BY P. P. CALVERT,
Under the above head it is intended to mention papers received at the Acad-
emy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Entomology of the
Americas (North and South). Articles irrelevant to American entomology
will not be noted. Contributions to the anatomy, physiology and embryology
of insects, however, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be re-
corded. The numbers in HEAVY-FACED TYPE refer to the journals, as num-
bered in the following list, in which the papers are published ; * denotes that the
paper in question contains descriptions of new North American forms. Titles
of all articles in foreign languages are translated into English; usually such
articles are written in the same language as the title of the journal contain-
ing them, but when such articles are in other languages than English, French,
German or Italian, this fact is indicated in brackets.
4. The Canadian Entomologist, London, Ont. Nov., ’99.—5.
Psyche, Cambridge, Mass., Dec., ’99.—7. Bulletin No. 20, new series,
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Wash-
ington, ’99.—Il. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Lon-
don, Nov.,’99.—15. Biologia Centrali- Americana, pt. cl, London,
Sept., ’99.—35. Annales, Société Entomologique de Belgique, xliii,
Brussels, ’99.—55, Le Naturaliste, Paris, ’99.—60ce. Comunicaciones,
Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires,\i, 4, Sept. 20,°99.—74. Naturwissen-
-schaftliche,Wochenschrift, Berlin, ’99.—81. Biologisches Central-
pblatt, Erlangen, ‘99.—82. Centralblatt fiir Bakteriologie, Jena, ’99.
—84. Insekten Borse,Leipsic, ’99.—89. Zoologische Jahrbiicher, Ab-
theilung fiir Systematik, xii, Jena, Sept. 28,’ 99.—1I9. Archiv fiir
Naturgeschichte, lxv, i, 3, Berlin, Oct , ’99.
The General Subject.—-Bachmetjew, P. Onthe temperature
of insects according to observations in Bulgaria, figs., Zeitschrift
fiir wissenschaftliche Zoologie, lxvi, 4, Leipsic, Oct. 20, °99.—Boas,
J. E. V. Some remarks on the metamorphosis of insects, figs.,
1 pl., 89.—Comstock, J. H., and Needham, J. G.
The wings of insects, v., American Naturalist, Boston, Noy., ’99.—
Felt, E. P. Memorial of life and entomologic work of Joseph
Albert Lintner, Ph. D. [New York] State Entomologist, 1874-98.
Bulletins, New York State Museum, v, 24, Albany, Oct., ’99.—1 d.
Voluntary entomologic service in New York State, 7.—F rtih-
storfer, H. Diary leaves [with remarks on American entom-
ological collections], 84, Nov. 9, 16, 23.—Henslow, G. The
fertilization of flowers by insects and other agencies, Journal, Royal
Horticultural Society, xxiii, 2, London, Nov. ’99.—Korschelt,
E., and Heider, K. Text-bookof the Embryology of Inver-
tebrates. Translated from the German by Matilda Bernard. Re-
vised and edited with additional notes by Martin IF. Woodward.
Vol. IU Arachnida, Pentastomide, Pantapoda, Tardigrada,Ony-
chophora, Myriopoda, Insecta, London: Swan, Sonnenschein &
Co, Ltd. New York: The Macmillan Co, 1899. Pp. xii, 441,
194 figs~Kriiger, G. The London insect market, 84, Nov. 9.—
Oudemans, J. T. De Nederlandsche Insecten, Aflevering 12,
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 343
13. s’Gravenhage, Martinus Nijhoff, 1899. Pp. 529-588, figs.. Dip-
tera; pp- 589-596, Siphonaptera; pp 597-640, figs., pls. xxviii-xxxii,
Coleoptera Rec’d. Dec ,’99—Rousseau, E. On the histol-
ogy of insects, ii. Spermatozoids and spermatogenesis, figs., 35, No.
11, Nov. 27.
- Economic Entomology.—A non. Phylloxera in Spain, 55, Nov. 1.
—Burgess, A. F. A destructive tan-bark beetle, 7.—Cao,
G. On the passage of micro-organisms through the intestine of
some insects, 82, Oct. 28.—Celli, A., and Del Pino, G.
Contribution to knowledge of malaria-epidemiology from the latest
etiological standpoint, 82, Nov.7.—Felt, E. P. Notes of the
year for New York,7.—Fletcher,J. Insect pests, remedial
treatment. Evidence before the Select Standing Committee [of the
Canadian Parliament) on Agriculture and Colonization. Printed
by order of Parliament. Ottawa, S. E. Dawson, 1899.—F or-
bush, E. H. The destruction of hairy caterpillars by birds, 7.
—Id. Recent work against the gipsy moth,7.—-Francis, M.,
andConnaway,J.W. Texas fever[and tick infestation), figs.
Bulletin No. 538, Texas Agric. Exper. Stations, College Station,
Brazos Co., Tex., Oct ,’99.—G rassi, B. Observations on the
report of the Second Malarial Expedition in Italy presided over by
Prof. Koch, ete. Rendiconti, Accademia dei Lincei, Rome, Oct.
15, Nov.5,’°99—H oward, L. O. A remedy for gadflies: Port-
schinki’s recent discovery in Russia, with some American observa-
tions, 7.—Id. The present status of the caprifig experiments in
California, 7—Howard, L. O., and Marlatt, C. L.
The original home of the San}José scale,7--Johnson, W. G.
The Emory fumigator: a new method for handling hydrocyanic
acid gas in orchards, 7.—Id. Miscellaneous entomological notes, 7.
—Id. The destructive pea louse,a new and important economic
species of the genus Nectarophora, 7.—Ild. Thestalk worm: a
new enemy to young tobacco,7.—K irkland, A. H. A prob-
able remedy for the cranberry fireworm, 7.—l1d. An improvement
in the manufacture of arsenate of lead, 7—-I[d. Proceedings of the
Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Association of Economic Entomol-
ogists, Columbus, O., Aug. 18 and 19,’99,7.-Lebois. D. A
roach-trap, La Nature, Paris, Nov. 25,’99.—Lounsbury, C-
P.etal. Ants, spraying locusts with paraffine, aphids on peach
trees, vine beetle, Agricultural Journal, Cape Town, Oct. 26, ’99.—
Marlatt, C. L. The laissez faire philosophy applied to the
insect problem, 7.—id. Temperature control of scale insects, 7.
—Id. An account of Aspidiotus ostreeformis, figs., 7.—P it-
caithley, A. Notesonthe larch disease, Transactions and Pro-
ceedings, Perthshire Society of Natural Science, iii, pt.1, Perth, ’99.
Plimmer, H. G., and Bradford, J. R. Preliminary
notice on the morphology and distribution of the parasite found In
tsetse fly disease, 82, Oct, 28.—Quaintance, A. L. Some
344 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan
important insect enemies of cucurbits, figs. Bulletin No. 45, State
College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, Georgia Exper. Station»
Experiment, Ga., Oct., ’99.—Id. Some insects and fungi destruc- ©
tive to truck and garden crops, figs. Proceedings, Twenty-third
Annual Meeting, Georgia State Horticultural Society, Augusta,
Ga., °99.—Id. Some insects of the year in Georgia,7.—Sch wein-
furth. On the causeof malaria, 74, Oct.15.—Scott, W. M.
Fatal temperature for some Coccids in Georgia, 7, Smith,
J. B. Three common orchard scales, figs., Bulletin 140,
New Jersey Agric. Experiment Station, New Brunswick, N,J.,
Oct. 31,799-—-W ebster, F. M. Insectary and office methods
7.—Id. An interesting outbreak of chinch bugs in northern Ohio,
7.—Webster, F. M., and Mally, C. W. Insects of
the year in Ohio, 7-—Wilcox, E. V. Abstracts of recent
papers, Experiment Station Record, xi, 3, U. S. Dep't. of Agricul-
ture, Washington, ’99.
Arachnida.—Cambridge, F. O. P. Arachnida Arane-
idea, vol. ii, pp- 57-64." 15.—M olliard, M. On the histological
modifications produced in stems by the actionof Phytoptus, Comptes
Rendus, Academie des Sciences, Paris, Nov. 20,’°99.—Simon, E.
Results of a voyage to the Pacific (Schauinsland, 1896-’97), Arach-
noids, 89.—Smith, F. P. An introduction to British spiders ,
figs., Science Gossip, London, Dec. ’99.
Myriopoda.—Verhoeff, C. Contributions to knowledge of
palaearctic Myriopods, iv: On the classification, phylogeny and
comparative morphology of the Julidse and on some other Diplo-
pods, 4 pls, I9.
Orthoptera.—Scudder,S. H. Pseudopomala and its allies,* 5.
Neuroptera.—Needham, J. G- Directions forcollecting and
rearing dragonflies, stone fliesand May flies, figs., Part O of Bulletin
No. 39, U. 8. National Museum, Washington, ’99.
Hemiptera-—Ball, E. D. Some new Deltocephalinew (Jassi.
de),*4—Bergroth, E. rida.
The secretary called attention to the disproportionate number of
females against males in a collection of Eumenide from Brazil.
Dr. Skinner spoke on the present tendency of scientific workers
to specialization, which he defended.
Prof. Smith commended the entomological portion of the Cam-
bridge Natural History by Dr. David Sharp and referred to the
high quality of the illustrations. An American elementary work
on insects published during the past year forms quite a contrast to
the former, not only in ideas but in illustrations.
The meeting then adjourned to a collation prepared by our host.
Mr. Haimbach, at which the social side of the gathering was much
in evidence. WitiiaM J. Fox, Secretary.
A regular meeting of the Newark (N. J.) Entomological Society
was held at Turn Hall Sunday, November 12th, Vice-President
Kemp presiding and ten members present. Mr. Erb remarked that
Catocale were rare during the past season, but added that he was
very successful in rearing Sphinw larva, taken mostly on Long
Island. Other members reported that collecting was poor last sea-
son. Mr, Weidt exhibited several specimens of the genus Crocata,
which were bred from eggs laid August 17th (second brvod). The
first imago emerged November lst and the last November 11th.
Pup# were kept in cellar since September. The specimens were
two J’, with a heavy black band on lower wing, One showing a ten-
dency to break into spots. There was one 2, with the same black
band. This makesthethird brood. The balance of pup will prob-
ably lay over until spring. Mr. Kemp reported taking a nearly full-
grown larva of Gdemasia badia on bay (nameof plant) in the mid-
dle of June, Imago emerged July 5th. A.J. Werpt, Secretary.
Ent. News, Vol. XI. Pld
NEW MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA (Dietz).
Se pe a ee eee
& Vol JAL No. 2.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
Stenopelmatus fasciatus.
FEBRUARY, 1900.
EDITOR:
HENRY SKINNER, M. D.
PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Associate Editor.
ADVISORY COMMITTEE:
EZRA T. CRESSON. CHARLES A. BLAKE, CHARLES LIEBECK.
PHILIP LAURENT. WILLIAM J. FOX, CHARLES W. JOHNSON.
PHILADELPHIA:
ENTOMOLOGICAL ROOMS OF
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCEs,
LOGAN SQUARE.
1900,
Entered at the Philadelphia Post-Office as Second-Class Matter.
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Over six hundred species of American diurnals in
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MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS OF
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ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
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~ PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL. SECTION
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
Vou. XI. FEBRUARY, 1900. No. 2.
CONTENTS:
Dietz—Some New Genera and Species Snyder—Silver Lake, Utah............ 363
OUN, A. TIMGIN. eekines reves ACMIRPPRCEIUORIG!,..... 0 cGupereitan eg dauensads sce 369
Kincaid—Notes on the Species of Cra- Economic Entomology........+..-++++ 370
bro found inthe State of Wash.... 353 Entomological Literature............. 376
Fernald—Zoology as Taught at the Doings of Societies.......c.senscecsees 380
Mass. Agricultural College........ 395
Some New Genera and Species of N. A. Tineina.
By W. G. Dietz, M.D.
Believing that the genera and species here described are new
to science, I offer the following as a small contribution to our
knowledge of N. A. 7ineina :
Eucordylea gen. n. fam. Gelechidze.—Labial palpi strongly developed,
robust ; first joint porrect ; second erect, with a dense brush of stiff hair
the entire length of its upper surface, cdpable of being extended in a line
with the first joint, and a lateral, fanlike spreading out of the brush ;
third joint shorter than the second, sharply pointed. Head about as
wide as long, face perpendicular, smooth-scaled ; occiput somewhat rough
scaled. Eyes prominent, round; tongue wanting; no maxillary palpi;
antenne rather stout, simple, joints close set, scarcely more than two-
thirds the length of the anterior wings. Thorax and abdomen moder-
ately slender. Posterior tibize with long, appressed stiff hair along their
upper margin; middle pair of spurs at two-fifths from the apex, inner
spur more than twice the length of outer one. Anterior wings elongate,
dull pointed, nearly five times as long as wide, margins nearly straight
from near the base to the apical fifth, then equally narrower from both
‘Margins to the apex. Neuration : costal to margin before the middle, cell
closed, pointed posteriorly, vein 7 and 8 stemmed, 7 tocosta. Hind wings
rhomboidal, anterior and inner margins straight parallel, apex slightly
2
350 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ February,
produced, posterior margin oblique, feebly bisinuate. A pencil of stiff
hair arises between the insertion of the wing and the anal angle. Cilia
twice the width of the wing. Neuration ; cell closed; vein 2 arises re-
motely from hind angle of cell, veins 3-5 closely together from the latter.
While alive and at rest, the extended palpi, with-its dense
brush of stiff, bristly hair spread out laterally, give the in-
sect a very peculiar, bearded appearance. ‘The statements as
to the neuration given above are such as are discernable with-
out denudation ; the single specimen in my possession does not
warrant such proceedure. Careful examinations with high
power fails to reveal the presence of a tongue.
E. atrupictella n. sp. (Plate I, fig. 1, 1@).—Pale creamy yellow.
Palpi; outer surface of first joint, a transverse line about the middle
and a broader band at the apex of the second joint and both of which
extend across the brush of bristly hair; an annulus at the middle and
another at the apex, not including the extreme tip of the third joint,
blackish. Antennz annulate with fuscous. Anterior wings with black-
ish markings as follows: extreme costa, from base to one-fifth its length,
an oblique fascia beginning at one-fifth from the costa and reaching the
dorsal margin at one-third, less distinct at the latter, bisinuate externally
and shading off gradually to the ground color at the base; a broad
and less oblique fascia before the middle, narrowed toward and not
attaining the dorsal margin; bisinuate toward the base; a third fascia,
narrower than the last, at a little less than two-thirds the length, slightly
oblique, becoming narrower toward the dorsal margin without attaining
it ; this fascia is further removed from the base at its costal than at the
dorsal extremity ; a long stripe in the middle of the wing extends from
the second fascia through the third and a trifle beyond; five larger and
several very small and indistinct spots around the apex. Underside of
wing, corresponding to the dark markings of the upper surface, but
more diffused, dark fuscous. Cilia at apex dusted with dark fuscous
scales. Hind wings pale cinereous, cilia concolorous, pale stramineous
toward their base. Anterior legs annulate and spotted with dark fus-
cous; middle and posterior femora, with broad, irregular fuscous band
before the apex, latter tipped with fuscous ; middle tibize fuscous exter-
nally, posterior with a few scattered spots of fuscous scales, tarsi annul-
ate with dark fuscous. Length of anterior wing 5.0 mm.,; exp. 12.0 mm.;
0.48 inches.
Hab.—Hazjeton, Pa. A single 8 specimen taken August
4th, 1899.
Nealyda gen. ». fam, Elachistida.—Head transverse, moderately con-
vex ; face somewhat receding beneath ; ocelli present; tongue strong
es ee ee
;
;
Ps
.
y-
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 351
scaly at its base. Labial palpi of moderate length, curved, ascending
rather remotely from the face, cylindrical, close scaled, apex not attain-
ing the level of the antennal insertion, second joint somewhat thick-
ened toward the apex, longer than the pointed, third joint. Maxillary
palpi rudimentary. Eyes round, moderately convex, visible from the
front. Antenne slender, scarcely three-fourths the length of anterior
wings, basal point very little wider than the stalk, less than twice as
long as wide, the latter finely denticulate beneath. Thorax robust,
convex. Abdomen rather short, in the male with small anal tuft and
lateral claspers. Posterior tibiz smooth, inner spur of middle pair
twice the length of the outer and slightly thickened toward the apex.
Anterior wings oblong lanceolate, costa evenly curved from the base.
All veins present, cell narrow, nearly pointed posteriorly, closed, trans-
verse vein very faint between veins 6 and the common stem of 7 and 8;
costal attains costa at about two-fifths from the base, vein 2 arises closely
to the short stem of 3 and 4, 5 approximates to 4; 7 and 8 long stemmed,
7 to costa; 7-11 attain the costal margin at approximately equal dis-
tance. 16 distinctly furcate at base. Cilia less than width of wing,
scale-dusted. Hind wings. three-fourths as wide as fore wings, outer
margin deeply emarginate, causing the wing to become bifid; costal
margin straight for two-fifths its length, thence feebly emarginate to the
apex; dorsal margin straight from the distinct anal angle to the apex
of lower apical cusp. Cilia nearly twice the width of the wing. Neura-
tion: costal running close to the costa and nearly reaching the extreme
apex, cell open between veins 4 and 5, closed between 5 and 7, by the
margin of the emargination, 2 arises before the middle, 3 and 4 remote,
5 independently from near the base and forms the costal margin of the
lower cusp ; the anterior median reaches the deepest part of the emargi-
nation and forms the dorsal margin of the upper branch of the fork.
16 furcate at base.
The characters thus represented are so anamalous as to find
no counterpart anywhere among the 77mezd genera, as far as
my knowledge goes, nor elsewhere among the Lepidoptera ex-
cept the Pterophoridz, to which the genus under consideration,
however, bears no relationship. Its rather robust body, gen-
eral habitus and palpi would perhaps place it near Scythris Hb.
( Butalis 'Tr.).
N. bifidella n. sp: (Plate I, fig. 2, 2a, 2b).—Palpi fuscous, annulus at
end of second joint and extreme apex of third, white. Antenne pale
brown. Head and thorax greyish, tinged with brown. Fore wings pale
brown, tinged with golden ; a dark brown fascia at two-fifths, equidistant
from the base at its costal and dorsal extremity, sharply defined exter-
nally and edged by a line of silvery white ; toward the base it passes
352 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
gradually into the ground color of the wing ; extreme costa from base to
fascia dark brown; a large costal patch of dark brown scales, beyond
the middle, apical part and cilia densely dusted with nigro-fuscous scales,
a subterminal line and extreme edge of latter, paler ; before the darkly-
dusted apical part of the wing is an indistinct, curved line of silvery
scales, concave toward the base. Hind wings pale cinerous, cilia con-
colorous, pale stramineous toward the base. Abdomen pale fuscous.
Anterior and middle legs dark fuscous, indistinctly spotted Avith pale,
points of tarsi with a pale annulus; posterior legs paler. Length of
fore wing 4.5 mm., 0.18 inch. Exp. 9.5 mm., 0.38 inch.
FTab.—Glenwood, Colo., August and September.
Varies somewhat in coloration of fore wings, ground color
from a silvery grey to golden brown. In some specimens there
is also a dorsal, less pronounced patch of brown scales, opposite
the costal one. The pale line in apical part of wing is not evi-
dent in some specimens.
Pseudochelaria walsinghami n. sp. (Plate I, fig. 3a, 30).—Palpi
ashen grey, long, recurved, brush of second joint grooved, third joint
longer than the second, pointed; outer side of first joint and base of
second dark fuscous, brush dusted with fuscous, third joint with broad
annulus above the base, rest dusted with fuscous scales. Antennae
slender, dark brown above, faintly annulate with pale grey, paler on the
underside, finely denticulate toward the apex. Head grey ; thorax, ab-
domen and anterior wings ashen grey, with feeble purplish reflections ; a
dark brown triangular spot on the posterior end of the thorax. Anterior
wings marked with a dark, rich brown, as follows: basal space limited
externally by a sharply-defined oblique line, twice as far removed from
the base at the dorsal than at the costal margin, but not including the
latter and a narrow space of the adjacent surface ; a longitudinal stripe,
beginning at two-fifths and extending through the middle of wing to the
apex, rather sharply defined along its dorsal margin, but becoming more
or less diffused with the dark shading in the costal half ; a whitish fascia
at the beginning of the apical cilia, interrupted by the longitudinal stripe
and passing gradually into the dark shading of the apical part of the
wing ; the costal part of the fascia is concave toward the apex, the dorsal
part straight, and passes obliquely backward to the dorsal margin ; apical
part with dark lines radiating into thecilia, The median space is washed
with brownish, having a slight golden reflection, becoming darker in
the costal portion, and more so toward the apical fascia; in the dorsal
half are two brown spots at two-fifths and three-fifths of wing respectively,
the former surrounded by raised white scales, Cilia pale with two darker
lines, basal line more distinct, Underside fuscous, Posterior wings pale
fuscous, paler toward the base ; cilia pale fuscous around the apex, a faint
darker line at two-thirds, and another, still less distinct, subterminal one.
eee ae eee
a eT ea
eT ee
Se a ee a
1900 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 353
Underside fuscous toward the apex. Underside of body and legs pale
ochreous, last ventral segment more or less fuscous ; femora and tibize
banded with fuscous, tarsi annulate with the same. Posterior tibize with
stiff appressed hair on the upper side. Length of anterior wing 7.5 mm.;
exp. 17.0 mm., 0.68 inch.
f1ab.—Hazleton, Pa.
Larva pale green, with isolated hairs, lives under a white
web on the under side of the leaflets, and also along the petioles
of Sumach ( Rhus typhosa), where it may be found from the latter
part of August and during September. Pupa brown. The
imago appears the latter part of May and early og of June
the following year.
It gives me pleasure to dedicate this species to Lord Walsing-
ham, who established the above genus and the type of which
(£. pennsylvanica W1sm. ) is in my coltection. ‘The latter species
differs from the above-described one in the wing markings, as
may readily be seen by a comparison of the figures. It was
taken at electric light. Larva not known. Plate I, fig. 4.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE I.
Fig. 1.—Anterior and posterior wing of Lucordylea atripictella. 1a,
lateral view of head and labial palpus of same.
Fig. 2.—Anterior and posterior wing of Nealyda bifide/la. 2a, neura-
tion of anterior wing ; 26, neuration of posterior wing of same.
Fig. 3.—Pseudochelaria walsinghami. 3a, neuration of anterior wing ;
36, neuration of posterior wing of same.
Fig. 4.—Anterior wing of Pseudochelaria pennsylvanica W\sm.
Notes on the Species of Crabro Found in the State
of Washington.
By TREVOR KINCAID, University of Washington.
Thanks to the excellent monograph of the Crabroninz, pub-
lished by Mr. William J. Fox, of the Academy of Natural
Sciences of Philadelphia, it is possible for the American stu-
dent of this group to readily determine such forms as he may
discover.
During the last few years the writer has procured a consider-
able number of representatives of the genus Cvaéro from vari-
ous parts of the State of Washington, and desires to place on
354 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. _ [February,
record such notes and data as may seem of interest to hymenop-
terists.
Mr. Fox, in his monograph, indicates twenty species of
Crabro as occurring within the limits of this State. The fol-
lowing list includes twenty-eight species, the additional number
being due to the extension of the range of six Species to this
region, and two species are described as new. _
In their flower-visiting habits the members of the genus
Crabro seem to have a preference for the blossoms of the
Umbelliferee. Most of the specimens recorded from Olympia:
were taken upon the flowers of an umbelliferous plant growing
in an open meadow along the Deschutes River. At Seattle a
number of specimens were taken during the Summer upon the
flowers of cultivated parsnips, and in the Fall upon those of
Carum gairdneri and Angelica genuflexa. A few specimens
occurred at plants of other families, such as Anxaphalis mar-
garitacea, Achillea millefolium, etc. A series taken at Corval-
lis, Oregon, were, with few exceptions, found upon the flowers
of Heracleum lanatum. |
The localities mentioned in the following notes are all within
the Puget Sound basin, except Pasco, Wawawai, Almota and
the Blue Mountains, which are in Eastern Washington. Hence
the former are in the Transition zone, while the latter are in the
Upper Austral zone, as indicated by Dr. Merriam in his paper
on the faunal areas of the United States.
In the preparation of this paper the writer wishes to ac-
knowledge the assistance of Mr. Fox in determining some of
the more difficult species.
Crabro producticollis Pack.
Ranges to New York and Texas.
Olympia, Wash., 3 9 9 June 23-26, 1897. Seattle, Wash.,
1g at flowers of parsnip, June 10, 1897; 1 @ collection of
Professor O. B. Johnson. Whidby Island, Wash., 3 ¢ ¢ and
3 2 2, collected by Mr. N. L, Gardner.
Crabro bellus Cress.
Ranges to Colorado, Nevada and Oregon,
Olympia, Wash., 1 29 June 3, 1895, 1 ¢ June 25, 1897. Cor-
vallis, Oregon, 1 & on Heracleum lanatum, June 5, 1808.
1900] " _ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 355
Crabro montanus Cress.
Ranges to New York.
Olympia, Wash., 25 2? 2? and 24 ¢¢ June 5 to July 4,
1895-97, on Umbelliferee. Seattle, Wash., 17 ¢¢, May 15
to June 15, 1897-98; 2°92 @ July 8, 1898, on Achillea; 1 Q
June 10, 1897, on parsnip; 5 2 2 August 20, 1898, on Carum
gatrdneri; 3 92 August 25, 1898, on Angelica genuflexa.
Whidby Island, Wash., 3 ¢ ¢ collected by Mr. N. L. Gard-
ner. Chehalis, Wash., 1 9 June, 1897, collected by Mr. W.
R. Coffman.
Crabro parvulus Pack.
Ranges to New Hampshire and Oregon.
Olympia, Wash., 1 9 September 3, 1894; 3 ¢ ¢ June 28 to
July 3, 1897. Seattle, Wash., 6 9 9 May 21 to July 9, 1897-98 ;
1 % July 8, 1898, on Achillea, 1 9 andi ¢ August 20, 1898,
on Carum gatirdnert.
Crabro gracilissimus Pack.
Recorded from Dakota and California.
Olympia, Wash., 46 ¢ $ May 13 to July 2, 1894-97; 10 2 9
June 12 to October 3, 1894-96. Seattle, Wash., 3 ¢ ¢ June
10, 1897, on parsnip, 1 ¢ May 18, 1897; 3 9 9 and 3 ¢ ¢ Aug.
20 to 22, 1898, on Carum gairdnert. Whidby Island, ‘Wash.,
$ collected by Mr. N. L. Gardner; 2 ¢ ¢ andi @ August
6, 1898. Blue Mountains, Wash., 1 ¢ July 15, 1896, collected
by Prof. C. V. Piper. Cornvallis, Oregon, 1 9 June 12, 1898,
on Fleracleum lanatum.
Crabro nigrifrons Cress.
Ranges to New York, Nevada, California.
Olympia, Wash., 5 ¢ ¢ June 13 to June 24, 1894-96; I 9
June 29, 1896. Seattle, Wash., 29 2, June 9g, 1897. Whidby
Island, Wash., 1 ¢ collected by Mr. N. L. Gardner, July 30,
1898.
Crabro sexmaculatus Say.
Ranges to Delaware and California.
Olympia, Wash., 102 9, June 5 to Jiine 26, 1895-96 ; 23 S ¢,
June 4 to June 26, 1895-6. Seattle, Wash, 3 $ ¢, June 10 to
July 1, 1898, on parsnip; 12 August 24, ’99, on Anaphalis.
356 . ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ February,
Whidby Island, Wash., 1? and 1 é, collected by Mr. N. L.
Gardner. Chehalis, Wash.,.3 2 9 and3¢ ¢ collected by Mr. W.
R. Coffman. Portland, Oregon, 1 9 collected by Miss Emily
Cauthorn. Corvallis, Oregon, 27 9 ° and 44 % $ June4toJune
22, 1898, on Heracleum lanatum.
Crabro foxii n. sp. ep
3’—Antenne with the fourth joint emarginate beneath, first joint but
little longer than the second; head with distinct punctures, closest an-
teriorly ; space between hind ocelli slightly less than that between them
and the nearest eye margin; pronotum crested, lateral tooth small but
distinct ; dorsulum rather coarsely striato-punctate ; mesopleurz coarsely
striato-punctate ; middle segment above striato-rugose, separated from
the posterior face by a series of large fovez ; posterior face transversely
and less strongly rugose than the upper face, bounded outwardly by a
foveolated furrow ; longitudinal furrow broad and deep, divided into
foveze above; sides coarsely striated ; abdomen finely punctured ; first
joint of medial tarsi scarcely as long as the two following joints com-
bined, first and second joints moderately produced within. Black; two
spots on pronotum, spots on metanotum, spot at tips of fore and medial
. femora, all tibize outwardly, basal joints of tarsi to a variable extent, an
elongated spot on each side of dorsal abdominal segment 2-6, yellow ;
the spots on segment 2 largest, those on 6 small and almost forming a
band ; wings subhyaline, nervures and stigma black. Length 7.0 mm.
Olympia, Wash., 2% 8, June 17, 1897; 13 June 26, 1896.
This species belongs to Mr. Fox’s group sexmaculatus, and is
closely allied to C. trifasciatus Say, from which it differs prin-
cipally in the length of the first joint of medial tarsus. In
C. trifasciatus this joint is as long as the three following joints |
combined, whereas in C. /ox7/ it is scarcely as long as the two
- succeeding joints, and is dilated somewhat, beyond middle.
Named in honor of Mr. William J. Fox, of the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
Crabro spiniferus lox.
Ranges to California, Nevada and Arizona.
Pasco, Wash., 13 May 25, 1896. Corvallis, Oregon, 16% %
June 2 to June 23, 1898; 22 2 June 22 and 23, 1898.
Crabro packardi Cress.
Ranges to Nevada and Oregon.
Seattle, Wash., 12, collection of Prof. O. B. Johnson,
me See Ss oe le
SURE PR ae Se ee eT .
.
1900 } ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 357
Crabro chrysarginus St. F. & B.
Ranges to Canada and Florida.
Olympia, Wash., 1 June 4, 1896. Seattle, Wash., 1% at
Angelica genuflexa, August 20, 1898; 1% at Carum gairdneri,
August 23, 1898.
Crabro dilectus Cress.
Ranges to Montana and California.
Almota, Wash., 1% Prof. C. V. Piper; Pasco, Wash., 1 ¢ ;
Wawai, Wash., 19, collection of Prof. O. B. Johnson.
Crabro singularis Sm.
Ranges to Maine and Louisiana.
Olympia, Wash., 2? 9 October 3, 1894. Whidby Island,
Wash., 2% 8, collected by Mr. H. L. Gardner.
Crabro pleuralis Fox.
Vancouver, Wash.; Seattle, Wash., collection of Prof. O. B.
Johnson.
Crabro argus Pack.
Ranges to New York.
Olympia, Wash., 53% 8 June 10 to July 3, 1896-97-98.
Seattle, Wash., 11% 8 July 26, 1898. ‘This species always
“occurs hovering about the branches of the alder A/nus rubra.
Crabro medius Fox.
Ranges to Nevada.
Whidby Island, Wash., 18 , collected by Mr. N. L. Gardner.
Crabro latipes Sm.
Ranges to Nova Scotia, Montana, California and Arizona.
Olympia, Wash., 2% & June 2, 1894. Chehalis, Wash., 1%
May 25, 1898, collected by Mr. W. R. Coffman. Pasco, Wash.,
1$ May 25, 1896. Whidby Island, Wash., 1 June 30, 1898,
collected by Mr. Eldred Jenne.
Crabro vicinus Cress.
Ranges to Colorado, Arizona and California.
Olympia, Wash., 19 June 13, 1893. Seattle, Wash., 12,
collection of Prof. O. B. Johnson. “Corvallis, Oregon, 39 9
June 3 to June 16, 1898, on Heracleum lanatum. Newport,
Oregon, 1Q June 10, 1898.
/
358 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ February,
Crabro cingulatus Pack.
Ranges to Texas and Illinois.
Olympia, Wash., 52 2 June 14 to July 1, 1896, flying about
clumps of Lysichiton kamtschatense. 'These represent a variety,
lacking the scutellar spots.
Crabro advenus Sm.
Recorded from Washington by Mr. Fox.
Crabro confertus Fox.
Ranges to Colorado. ,
Olympia, Wash., 19 June 14, 1895. Corvallis, Oregon,
106 & June 10 to June 23, 1898.
Crabro pinguis Fox.
Recorded from Washington by Mr. Fox.
Grabro maculiclypeus Fox var.
Ranges to Colorado, Utah, New Jersey.
Olympia, Wash., 1% June 23, 1897. Seattle, Wash., 1?
June 10, 1897.
Crabro scutellatus Say, var. (?)
Ranges to Pennsylvania and Colorado.
Seattle, Wash., 19 July 5, 1898.
Crabro angelicus n. sp.
@—Anterior margin of clypeus dentate laterally and with a median
truncated projection; head finely and distinctly punctured ; impressed
lines from frontal depression to fore ocellus and from lateral ocelli to
eyes, distinct ; first joint of flagellum one-fourth longer than the second ;
ocelli in an equilaterial triangle ; space between hind ocelli much less
than between them and nearest eye margin; pronotum with a rounded
crest, subangular laterally ; dorsulum finely punctured, mesopleurz less
distinctiy so, the episternal suture curved ; middle segment with the en-
closed area of the upper face bounded posteriorly by a semi-circular
line of fovez divided by the longitudinal finely foveolated furrow into
two shining prominences, between which at the base there is a triangular
striated area; posterior face finely roughened, lateral ridges distinct
below, becoming obsolete above; sides shining; abdomen as long as
head and thorax combined, shining, microscopically punctured, the last
dorsal segment more strongly so ; pygidium broad, flat, distinctly punc-
tured. Black; large spots on each side of clypeus, line outwardly on
scape, small spots on pronotum, tubercles, line on metanotum, fore and
1900 ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 359
medial tibize outwardly, base of hind tibia, fore and medial tarsi, white ;
spot at tip of fore femora, lateral spots on fore tibize, reddish ; wings sub-
hyaline ; nervures and stigma brown. Length 6.5. mm.
Seattle, Wash., July 16, 1898, 29 9 taken at flowers of
Angelica genuflexa.. ‘This species belongs in Mr. Fox’s group
minimus, and is closely allied to C. scetellatus.
Crabro tarsalis Fox.
Recorded from New York by Mr. Fox.
Seattle, Wash., 13 July 26, 1898.
Crabro ater Cress.
Olympia, Wash., 3 ¢ ¢ June 20, 1897, June 27, 1898; 1?
June 27, 1897.
Crabro pedicellatus Pack.
Ranges to New York and Michigan.
Olympia, Wash., 2% 8 June 23, 1897.
Zoology as Taught at the Massachusetts Agricultural
College, with Reference to Entomology.
By Prof. C. H. FERNALD, Ph. D.
Phystology.—This course is offered to the sophomore class
during the Winter term, and extends throughout the entire
eleven weeks, four hours a week. It is taught by means of a
» text-book, Martin’s ‘‘ The Human Body ’’ (advanced course),
supplemented by lectures and demonstrations on the skeleton
and models. ‘The aim is to give, as thoroughly as may be, a
knowledge of the anatomy of the human system, the physi-
ology of its various parts, a general idea of hygiene, and to
urge upon the student the practice of its teaching. The course
presupposes an elementary knowledge of the subject, so that the
result, aside from its own worth, forms a valuable aid to the
study of zoology which follows.
Zoolog y.—Zoology is a required subject, junior year, and may
be divided into three parts—a laboratory course in comparative
anatomy, a lecture course in general zoology, and a course in
elementary entomology. During the fall term eight hours a
week, for sixteen weeks, are spent mainly in the laboratory,
where a series of typical forms, ranging from the amoeba and
360 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. {February,
other microscopic animals, through the earthworm, clam, squid,
lobster, star-fish, sea-urchin, shark, frog and pigeon to the cat,
are dissected, studied and drawn. Previous to the dissection of
any form a short lecture is given, which, supplemented by a full
list of laboratory guides and text-books, gives the student a
sufficient knowledge to enable him intelligently to study the
creature before him. Each man provides himself with a set of
dissecting instruments and note books, but all other apparatus
and books are owned by the laboratory. During the Winter
term a series of thirty lectures is given, covering the entire
subject of zoology, except that portion having reference to the
insects, which, because of their importance, are treated as a
separate science.- The aim here is to supplement and render
orderly the knowledge already gained through the medium of
the microscope and scalpel, and the lectures are abundantly
illustrated by the very complete museum belonging to the de-
partment and containing over twelve thousand specimens.
Collateral reading is encouraged, and occasional quizzes are
given as a test of the student’s knowledge from all sources.
Entomology.—A course of six hours a week is offered in
entomology, during the Summer term, its aim being to give a
general knowledge of insect anatomy and physiology and a
systematic review of the entire group, taking as types, as far
as possible, those forms of economic interest to man, and at
the same time giving an idea of the life history of each species
so taken, and the means of combating it. A knowledge of in-
_ secticides and insecticide machinery and their use is given. An
interesting feature of the course is the collection which each
student makes and arranges of the more common species which
may be fotind on the college grounds and the nearby region.
A very full museum collection serves as an aid to identification
and arrangement.
Senior Entomology.—During the senior year such members
of this class as elect advanced entomology take a course of lec-
tures on the external and internal anatomy of insects and on
the various methods by which injurious forms are destroyed or
held in check. The laboratory work consists of a critical study
AONE CF ee eae, Fees
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 361
of the external and internal anatomy of members of the differ-
ent groups, followed by the determination of insects of each
group. In connection with this work a careful study of the
literature is made, and familiarity with the analytical keys and
the more important articles on injurious species is obtained.
During the Spring term much of the time is spent in the
field, where the student is taught how to look for and find
injuries caused by insects, to recognize the species by the
nature of these injuries, and how best to deal with each case,
either by the use of insecticides or other methods. Finally
each student is required to prepare a thesis on some insect or
group of insects pertaining to the business in which he intends
to engage. He is asked at the beginning of the year what
occupation he intends-to follow after graduation, and is then
advised to prepare his thesis on those insects with which he will
have most to deal in the business he has selected. In the prepa-
ration of this thesis the work is carried on in the most approved
methods, so that he may obtain the most scientific and at the
same time practical knowledge of the subject. In fact he is
taught such methods of investigation that, if new insect pests
appear on his crops, he will know how to proroperly investigate
them and discover the best and cheapest methods for their de-
struction. If this thesis, when completed, contains information
of public interest, whether of an economic character or other-
wise, it is published, with whatever illustrations are necessary.
This course is primarily for the student of agriculture or
horticulture, but, when taken in connection with botany and
chemistry, is especially adapted to one wishing to fit himself as
a teacher of science in our pubile schools, or to one intending to
study medicine, but in this case his laboratory work would be
devoted mainly to histology.
Graduate Entomology.—This department is now prepared for
and is receiving graduates, from this and other colleges, who
wish to continue the study of entomology beyond what they
were able in their undergraduate course. ‘These advanced
studies will fit them for positions in the experiment stations
or as State entomologists, and also give them most excellent
training as teachers in our high schools and colleges.
362 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ February,
A three years’ course leading to the degree of Doctor of
Philosophy is in active operation, three subjects—Botany,
Chemistry and Entomology, arranged as a major and two
minors—being required. In those cases where entomology is
chosen as the major subject the course consists of lectures and
laboratory work, some of the topics treated being the fol-
lowing : Be
Morphology and Development of Insects—Embryology. 'Trans-
formations. Histology. Phylogeny. Hermaphroditism. Hy-
brids. Parthenogenesis. Pzedogenesis. Colors; chemistry of
insect colors. Mimicry. Warning coloration. Luminosity.
Deformities of insects. Insect variation. Duration of life.
Geology of Insects.—Vjfe histories of insects. Instincts of
insects. Insect architecture. Dimorphisms. Polymorphisms.
Fertilization of plants through the agency of insects. Insect
products of value to man. Insects as disseminators of disease. —
Enemies of insects; vegetable and animal, including parasit-
ism. Geographical distribution in the different faunal regions.
Methods of distribution. Insect migrations. Geological history
of insects.
Economic Entomology.—Principles. Insecticides. Apparatus.
Special cases (borers, etc.). Photography of insects and their
work. Methods of drawing for illustrations. Field work on
insects. Insect legislation. |
Systematic Entomology.—History of entomology, including
the classification of various authors and the principles of classi-
fication. Laws governing nomenclature. Literature ; how to
find and use it. Indexing literature. Number of insects in
collections and in existence (estimated). Lives of prominent
entomologists. Methods of collecting, preparing, preserving
and shipping insects. Important collection of insects of the
world.
In connection with these topics corresponding laboratory
work is given so far as possible, and in addition investigations
on subjects not previously studied are made, and the results
published in the form of graduate theses.
Ma. =.
2. gene
*
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. | 363
SILVER LAKE, UTAH.
By A. J. SNYDER.
And after the Fourth was over, especially that part of it de-
scribed by the Doctor in December NEws; when we had
emerged from the mouth of the canon, removed the dust col-
lected during a day’s journey of not less than eighteen miles,
during which even the Doctor had shown marvelous ability to
‘get over sage brush,’’ and our friend Laurent had absolutely
refused to travel farther for either flies or beetles ; when Mrs.
Browning had again provided refreshment for the hungry
‘‘bug-hunters,’’ and the captures of the day had been dis-
cussed and recorded, we walked twelve of those long Salt Lake
City blocks to call upon the owners of a cottage at Silver Lake
and gain permission to camp on their premises and use the cot-
tage during our stay in the mountains.
One other incident, however, inasmuch as it affords another
illustration of the depravity of man, and is connected with City
Creek Canon, must be related by the subject of the plot, who
considers himself better able to relate the facts than the per-
petrator of thedeed. Papilios were abundant, and about every
moist spot in the road they were collected in great numbers.
Papilios, as everyone knows, may be decoyed by placing some
of their kind in conspicuous places, where their brilliantly-
colored wings will attract all passers. One of the party, let ~
his name be-.anon, saw numerous fine butterflies about a small
moist spot in the road, and, stealthily creeping upon them,
slowly lowered his net for a stroke, but pausing to select only
the perfect ones for capture, perceived that all were second-
class specimens. At the same instant he decided not to make
a stroke, for, beneath a convenient bush, he heard a suppressed
chuckle, and at a glance saw the Doctor, in imminent danger
of bursting his sides with laughter because his friend had at-
tempted a still hunt and had almost made a ‘‘ pot-shot’’ at his
decoys. :
Silver Lake, Utah, is a small Summer resort back in the
mountains, thirty-three miles from Salt Lake City, and at the
head of Big Cottonwood Canon. In the Winter this little
354 ' ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
valley is literally filled with snow, and during the early part
of July some of the lakes above Brighton’s, as the only hotel.
is called, have ice upon their surfaces. All through the Sum-
mer, suow may be seen upon the high mountains surrounding
Silver Lake, and up to the middle of July the snow banks
cling tothe margin of Twin Lakes and Mary’s Lake, while the
ice water from the surrounding snow constaritly cools the waters
of several lakes which are well stocked with speckled beauties.
These are large enough to allure even the most ardent chaser of
butterflies and cause him to drop a fly or worm into the clear
depths, where the artful dodgers are plainly visible, and where
they are likely to remain, spurning, at that season of the year,
the most tempting bait.
Eight or more miles from the city the stage road enters the
foot-hills, and the rest of the journey to Silver Lake is up hill.
Most of the distance the road is close beside the foaming cur-
rent known as the Big Cottonwood. About half way up a
pause is made for lunch and to change horses at the Half Way
House. ‘The driver turns into a small yard and stops before a
house. We alight and find that we are in asmall glen enclosed
on all sides by rocks which rise almost perpendicularly hun-
dreds of feet. On the right still rushes our mountain stream
and ahead there seems no opening wide enough for a wagon
road, but it is there, and winds upward, now on this side, then
on that, of the stream, but ever onward, with eae api:
and constantly more beautiful scenery.
Parnassius clodius flits through the glen white: we rest and
lights upon a dwarf flower ; Pieris pallida hovers about the
small irrigation ditch ; Pamphila comma lights upon a leaf in
the sunshine ; 7hecla californica is found in its usual resting
place, upon the leaves of the choke cherry, and on the same
plant are found the larvee and eggs of Papilio rutulus ; Papilio
daunus sails haughtily by and Pyrame?s carve haunts the bunch
of nettles by the water. AZelit@a acastus flits about the door
yard and the omnipresent Vanessa antiopa darts at the intruder
from his resting place on aconvenient tree. A fresh Argynnis
/eto hesitates beside a thistle blossom, but seems to realize that
a bounty is placed upon its scalp (the Doctor is constantly re-
Se Se eee
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 365
minding us of the scalp-locks and insists that nature always
places such locks upon the thoraxes of butterflies, especially of
the Pamphilas) and A. leto disappears down the canon. As we
rest and notice the butterfly visitors to the glen we also see the
mountain tops in the distance and think of the treasures we
have found in similar localities, until our Jehu cracks his whip,
and once more we journey upward. ‘The first time we cross the
stream we see many Papilios, and among them several Papilio
indra. ‘To our great sorrow we cannot take time to pursue,
for we are going into a strange camp, and hope to arrive before
dark.
A fourth member had joined the party that morning, Mr. J.
B. Short, of Salt Lake City, a gentleman whose locks had been
silvered by the icy fingers of time, and who carries the scars
and a bullet received in fighting for his country ; a gentleman
who, no matter how many years may have passed over his head,
will always love life in the open air, and will always be the same »
generous, hospitable, open-hearted host, whom we learned to
know and appreciate during the days spent at Silver Lake. It
was largely due to his courtesy and to the hospitality of Mrs.
Short and their family that our stay here was so pleasant and
profitable. mae
A tent, with comfortable cots for the night ; a cottage, with
food, stove and the necessary cooking utensils; what more
could anyone want than sunshine and time to study the nu-
merous insects, plants and animals? Everywhere on the moun-
tain sides and tops butterflies were abundant when the sun
shone. ‘The stream before our cottage and the lakes about us
were well stocked with trout ; the rocks on the mountains shel-
tered numerous marmots, gophers and conies ; a pair of eagles
dwelt on the peak back of camp, and when waiting for meals,
or when the sun failed to shine, innumerable beetles beneath
the rocks and pieces of bark longed for our attention. ‘The
white-crowned sparrow picked up the crumbs about our door
and a woodpecker fed its noisy young within a stone’s throw of
our tents. Mt. Millicent rose before us, Mt. Majestic at our
backs, Mt. Scott towered.on the right, and from our little val-
ley numerous paths led to ideal places of collecting.
2*
366 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
A somewhat lengthy introduction, dear readers, I know;
but the writer believes that in the hearts of many others is the
same love of the beautiful, appreciation of natural and grand
scenery, and sympathy with all children of nature, which make
these outings so delightful to him, and he would share the in-
spiration which he receives from his brief visits to and studies
in the Rockies. Sof
Come, join the party of three, as, on Monday morning, with
all the essentials for collecting and preserving insects, they begin
the day’s work. It is useless to begin collecting butterflies be-
fore nine o’clock in the morning, for you will find none moving.
From ten to two is the best time, and every moment included
in those hours should be improved. If a cloud covers the sun.
the collector may as well seek a sheltered place and rest, for
every butterfly will have disappeared.
This morning the sun shines, and as our path up the mountain
leads into more open territory we see butterflies flitting here and —
there. There goes a beautiful Anthocharis julia. Its captor
must be both quick and sure. Here and there an Ludamus
nevada rests in an open spot on the bare ground. A careful
stroke, and a quick one, if you would catch /. xevada. A few
Lycenas are resting on the white flowers, and as the brow of the
first mountain is approached we find a large patch of AZertensta ;
and noiselessly traveling from flower to flower is a ‘‘ buzzless
bee,’’ as we early nicknamed f/Hemaris brucei. ‘This species is
usually rare in the parts of Utah I have visited, but a few days
later we found it abundant about the blue and yellow flowers
on this mountain side, and learned that the way to capture it
was to wait, as it came up the mountain, and then be sure to
capture the specimen at the first stroke,
Among the rocks near the top we found the wily Chionobas
chryxus abundant, and after capturing enough to learn how it
is done, and to gain some skill in detecting these wonderfu]
insect mimics, as they rested with closely-folded wings upon
the rocks, we turned our attention to other species.
Thecla sheridani was abundant on this mountain side, and
associated with it was 7hecla affinis. Not a single sheridani
was found during either of my previous trips, but here their
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 367
green undersides were beautifully blended with the vegetation
upon which they usually rested, and they were at home. Even
when resting on the small white flowers of which they were very
fond they were not easily seen. On the wing no eye could follow
them, but fortunately for the collectors they had a habit of al-
ways returning to some spot near the one from which they were
frightened, and then were easily captured.
Argynnids were scarce and hard to capture, but a few meadiz,
snyvdert, platina and chitone were taken near the peaks or at the
tops of mountain ridges. On the highest point of each moun-
tain, resting on the rocks, were always found a few specimens
whose sole duty seemed to be to chase others away. Here one
usually found Pyr amets cardui, Pieris occidentalis, a Pamphila or
two, several Chionobas chryxus, an Eudamus, and perhaps an
Argynnis or a Melitea. Most of these specimens were not
worth capture, but their actions were interesting. Each new-
comer was sure to be attacked, regardless of size or color, It
was enough that he should move while others rested. There
would be a flash and a buzz, and the two specimens, darting
back and forth at each other, would gradually rise in the air
until they disappeared in the distance. Ina moment one would
return and light in its former place as though nothing had hap-
pened, but be just as ready to attack the next arrival.
At the edges of the snowbanks we usually found We/apor-
phyria ononis and belladonna.
These are but a few of the species taken any day on the
mountains. One is always being surprised in the Rockies.
Perhaps he takes a friend to a place where he found a rare
species abundant a previous year, all the conditions are favor-
able, but not a specimen is to be found. Why? I don’t
know. Some species are in their homes abundant, but only
found in small areas. One year a species fairly swarms and
then is not seen for years. Then, again, when one has found
a species at a certain place and time he may be able to find it
at the same place and time every year. All these peculiarities
of insect life are like the physicians swre remedy for disease.
‘*Sometimes it cured and sometimes it didn’t.’’ After col-
lecting to the top of the first mountain one usually finds a
368 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
ridge or ‘‘ hog-back’’ leading to the next peak, and so it is
easy to goon and on until the day is spent, and then there is
the long journey home.
The comparing of specimens at the end of the day’s trip is
one of the many pleasures, and identifying species in the field
is another. A certain savant, once upon a time, offered fifty
cents for each specimen that he could not identify in the field.
When he arrived home after the trip he wrote to a friend:
‘Field identification is worth almost nothing.’’ In’ the last
statement he was certainly correct.
After a few days amid such scenes as here described two of |
the party found it necessary to turn their steps homeward. As
the stage started down the thirty-three mile trail one morning
two of the party were aboard, and the writer bade them a sor-
rowful adieu as he turned his lonesome footsteps toward Scott’s
Peak, of which and other scenes, both old and new, more
anon.
s
*
THE paragraph relating to my report of captures, published on page 348
of the January number of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEws, just received, should
read Cafoca/a badia instead of Oedemasia badia. I reported also, at
the same meeting, the capture of a number of larvze of Oedemasia con-
cinna,on the same food plant, viz., bayberry, in October; hence, possi-
bly, the slight confusion of names. ‘These larvz, at the end of October,
spun cocoons very similar in texture and appearance to that of Ayyper-
chiria io, but almost transparent. I have twenty-one of these cocoons,
and the larve can still be distinguished, lying dormant, and apparently
awaiting the arrival of spring before pupating.—S. T. Kemp, Elizabeth, N. J.
In the News for June, 1899, page 189, among the Doings of Societies,
is a short account of Fera/ia jocosa, setting forth some of its habits, which
do not agree with what we have observed here. We take this species
every year by beating from willow flowers, and during the evenings of
May 8th and gth, 1898, we took eight or ten specimens by shaking from
small plum and cherry trees which were in full bloom, it being an unusu-
ally early spring. We also take them quite often flying in the evening.
We do a good deal of collecting by taking a lantern and net, and walking
slowly along the numerous wood roads near here, and netting everything,
as far as possible, that comes within reach. In this way we get many
good things, and jocosa as often as any other equally rare species, It
eems to have a short season—only about fifteen days between our ear-
liest and latest dates. —Cuartes F. Goopunur, Webster, N. H.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items
of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given
in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.]
To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our
earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep-
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL News has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer-
ence, as to make it necessary to put ‘copy ’’ into the hands of the printer, for each num-
ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or
important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘ extras,” without change in form,
will be given free, when they are wanted ; and this should be so stated on the MS., along
with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—Eb.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., FEBRUARY, 1900.
Our former printer made a blunder in regard to the January
News, in placing on the title-page Vol. X, No. 11, instead of
Vol. XI, No. 1. The copies had all been mailed to sub-
scribers, and we feared double references if we reprinted the
number and started the pagination with page 1. We have
decided to put a reprint of the first leaf of the January num-
ber in this number, and continue the same paging through
this volume (Vol. XI).
WE have already spoken of what might be termed peripa-
tetic entomology, or walking — nowadays riding—over the
country in search of types, with a view of getting correct names
by comparison of specimens. ‘There have been so many per-
sons afflicted with the mzhz itch who have described slight
geographical variations as species that it becomes necessary to
see the identical specimens from which their descriptions were
made. If entomologists would only wait until proper series
of specimens were at hand, or until they become sufficiently
versed to know the meaning of variations-—-whether specific or
the contrary—much of this trouble could be avoided. Lately
we have had a number of gentlemen visit us on the errand of
type-seeing, and we have wondered whether the time would
come when entomologists would only describe species that are
specific enough in character to enable an identification to be
made without a railroad ticket in one’s pocket. Probably.
there will always be persons who will describe these geographi-
cal forms ; and so long as this is done, peripatetic entomology
will be necessary, as every hundred miles changes the facies of
a species, and evolution makes any description or identification
_ impossible unless one’s specimens came from the very fence-
corner where the types were found. It is true that individuals
in the human species are given names, and also cats and dogs ;
but, unfortunately, the individuals in insects are so numerous
that their identification—to us, at least—seems impossible.
369
370 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
DEPARTMENT OF EGONOMIG ENTOMOLOGY.
Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc.D., New Brunswick, N. J.
Papers for this department are solicited. They should be sent to the editor,
Prof. John B. Smith, Sc.D., New Brunswick, N. J.
4
The Association of Econcmic Entemologists.— Bulletin No. 20, new se-
ries, of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology,
contains the proceedings of the 11th annual meeting of this body, at
Columbus, Ohio, August 18 and 19, 1899. It is a pamphlet of 112 pages,
most of them well worth reading, and some of them worthy of careful
study.
By all odds the most comprehensive and valuable paper is the presi-
dential address by C. L. Marlatt, entitled ‘‘ The Laisser-Faire Philosophy
Applied to the Insect Problem.’’ I do not often quarrel with a title, but
I consider this a somewhat unfortunate one, since, from the start, it tends
to lead to a misunderstanding of the address.
Mr. Marlatt considers the subject from much broader, more philosophic
grounds than has been done before, and shows conclusively that against
certain za/ural movements we are powerless, whether we enact State or
national laws. His example is the San José or pernicious scale, and, after
rehearsing something of the efforts made to stem the tide of this insect’s
spread, he asks: ‘‘ Does anyone think for a moment, and at all seriously,
that the San José Scale is to be exterminated, and that its dissemination
is to be prevented, whatever may be the legislation, and whatever quar-
antine steps may be adopted or exterminative measures put in operation ?”’
No one who has had any real experience in field work, and has ever
lifted himself above the narrow little horizon bounded by spraying ma-
chines, dusters, poisons or fumigating outfits, and has viewed the pro-
cesses before him with any real understauding, can fail to agree with Mr.
Marlatt’s conclusions. The processes of nature are slow, but they are as
inevitable and irresistible as our ‘‘ /aws’’ are futile in opposition.
Mr. Marlatt explains why insects introduced into a new environment
are often so much more injurious than natives, or than the strangers them-
selves were in their native home, and he points out that all these are mere
local conditions that have little effect upon the balance of nature in the
long run. ;
Now here is a chance for a misunderstanding and for the suggestion
that the economic entomologist is a useless incumbrance, for if matters
even themselves up in the long run they might as well be left to them-
selves altogether. But Mr. Marlatt’s essay does not authorize this view.
While we cannot stop the natural spread of the pernicious scale, now that
it has secured a foothold, there is no reason why we should not prevent
1900} ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 371
its artificial spread by means of nursery stock as much as possible, or
why we should not kill it off on our fruit trees, at intervals, to prevent
any serious damage to the crops. We can palliate, or we can often avoid
injury by dodging, and the entomologist has an overly-great field to cover
in this direction. ;
Personally, Iam glad Mr. Marlatt has spoken, and as definitely as he
did. It is an indication that the San José scale scare is about over, and
that we can now estimate it at a little nearer its true value. We have
had conventions, have had lurid speeches and papers, have had State
laws galore and attempts at national legislation as well. The result is
that we have our nursery stock shut out of all foreign countries, and have
annoying and expensive restrictions upon our fruit trade in some others.
The scale has, meanwhile, marched on unconcernedly ; more fruit is
raised now than ever before ; the farmers, where it has been established
longest, have lost their dread of it; and how much of all the good is to
be credited to the laws and to the great outcry ?
Mr. Marlatt’s point of view is, it seems to me, the completely correct
one.
Dr. Howard presented the results of experiments made by the Rus-
sian, Prof. I. Porchinski, who finds that the Tabanids may be greatly
reduced in number by covering pools which they frequent with a film of
kerosene. An interesting and perhaps generally unknown fact is that
-‘Tabanids are so much addicted to drink !
One of the new fields into which applied entomology has recently en-
tered is brought to our attention by Dr. Howard’s intensely interesting
account of the present status of the Caprifig experiments in California.
It marks another step forward in the really scientific consideration of
the relation of insects and plants to each other, and that two such papers
as those by Marlatt and Howard should have been presented at one
meeting shows that the Division of Entomology at least, in Washington,
has risen above the dull routine of ascertaining the actual percentage
of scales killed by any particular application, and its influence for good
will increase in proportion to the encouragement which is given to the
broad study of the problem, Mr. Marlatt has pointed out, not origin-
ally, indeed, but pertinently, that there is such a thing as a balance of
nature, and, as all our interference, by introducing plants and insects into
new localities, tends to unsettle this balance to our disadvantage, our
studies should be directed toward restoring, so far as in us lies, this
condition of equilibrium.
And, by the by, referring to the matter of judging an insecticide by
the percentage of the specimens killed, this has always had an absurd
side to it, from my point of view. If I apply a material, like tobacco for
instance, and, after a day or two, find that it has killed ninety per cent. of
the plant lice, this does not prove that it is the fault of the tobacco that
the others were not killed, but simply that the insecticide did not reach
372 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ February,
those that escaped. I know that crude petroleum will kill pernicious
scales whenever it is brought into direct contact with them, and if, a
month after a tree has_been sprayed, I find ten per cent. of living
examples, it does not occur to me to blame the oil, but the man who
‘put it on.
Lest it be not sufficiently considered, Messrs. Howard and Marlatt
present another communication on the pernicious scale, this time re-
viewing the evidence as to its original home. The conclusion is that
really we do not know anything at all about it, and this expresses my
own opinion exactly.
Dr. E. P. Felt gave an account of his endeavor to establish a voluntary
entomological service in New York, and, under some circumstances and
in some directions, such a service will undoubtedly prove useful.
Mr. W. G. Johnson described the Emory fumigator, devised for apply-
ing the hydrocyanic acid gas to orchard trees, and it seems clear that on
the smaller trees an apparatus such as that described can be very suc-
cessfully used. ;
The value of such work is undoubted, but I sometimes wonder if it is
really entomological. Has not the entomologist done all that pertains to
his office when he has studied the life history of a species, has discovered
and pointed out the weak point where it is most subject to attack, and
has indicated the killing agents that should be used? The practical
application of his suggestions really does not belong to his office at all.
I am aware that this limitation of our work is not practical, but personally
I never go into that branch more than is absolutely necessary.
Mr. F. M. Webster spoke on ‘‘ Insectary and Office Methods,’’ and the
seeming necessity for such machinery as he describes reconciles me to my
lack of both insectary and assistants. There is, incidentally, the other
advantage, that no one can ever charge that your assistants really did all
your work.
Mr. A. H. Kirkland presented arsenate of lead as ‘‘ A Probable Remedy
for the Cranberry Fire-worm,”’ and I have little doubt it will prove effective,
as will any other of the arsenites if applied properly and at the right
time.
The chinchbug received attention from Mr. F. M. Webster, who de-
scribed an interesting outbreak in northern Ohio. It indicates very
forcibly the effect of the prevailing industry of a region upon the abund-
ance of a parlicular species. Dairying is a leading feature of the region
mentioned, and the consequent number of timothy meadows offers ideal
conditions for the development of the brachypterous forms of the
Blissus.
Mr. A. L. Quaintance presented notes on ‘‘ Some Insects of the Year
in Georgia,’’ which cannot well be condensed, A rather interesting
note, however, charges Monocrepidius vespertinus with being a scavenger
in habits, feeding upon the excrement of cotton ball-worms. In New
‘
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 373
Jersey it has been at times and locally troublesome on beans, of which it
has undoubtedly eaten the foilage, but none of the elaterids known to
me feed very much at the worst.
The attempted use of poisoned bran against Ad/orhina nitida failed
as, theoretically, it ought to, for the small mouth parts of these beetles,
with the weak, compound mandibles, are not well adapted to mastication.
Dr. E. P. Felt presented ‘‘ Notes of the Year for New York.’’ The
forest tent caterpillar seems to have found the season much to its liking
in that and indeed some of the New England States, and widespread
injury has been caused to sugar bush as well as to orchard and shade
trees in the infested region. The elm leaf beetle is spreading and very
injurious in its new localities. In this connection it is interesting to note
that this is now the third successive season during which very little in-
jury has been done in New Jersey, more, however, this year (1899) than
during the two last preceding it.
It is decidedly interesting to note that the Diabrotica 12-punctata has
spread far into northern New York and has reached Buffalo in its progress,
which seems to become more rapid each year. Brood XIX of the periodi-
cal Cicada occurred in several counties in western New York.
Mr. W. G. Johnson presented ‘‘ Miscellaneous Entomological Notes ’”’
on a variety of species of local economic importance.
Messsrs. Webster and Mally presented notes on the “Insects of the
Year in Ohio,” mentioning a great number of species. An interesting
statement is: ‘‘ At last we have found out how to kill,the rose-chafer,
Macrodactylus subspinosus. * * * One half pound of fish oil soap,
dissolved in a gallon of water and sprayed upon them, will kill ninety-
five per cent. of the adults, the females being especially susceptible, if
the suds is sprayed directly upon them.’’ This sounds suspicious, and
will certainly not apply in New Jersey, where suds of double that strength
have proved ineffective. The fact that females were the more susceptible
récalls the results of one experiment with sludge-oil soap, where females
were so generally killed that I examined closely and found that all were
wornout specimens that had oviposited and were ready to die naturally.
Mr. Marlatt discussed ‘‘ Temperature Control of Scale Insects,”’ a point
which was incidentally referred to by others, and formed the subject of
another paper by W. M. Scott, of Georgia. It seems that, to the South
especially, the low temperatures of the early part of 1899: were fatal to a
variety of species, while others were unharmed. Further to the north
the effect was less marked, and it is notable that the lowest recorded
temperatures failed to affect the pernicious scale. Species that wintered
in the egg stage suffered as much as those that were partly grown. ‘“‘It
will be seen that the cold of the winter in question was as efficient as an
_ ordinary treatment with the best of our insecticides.’’
Mr. Marlatt also gave an account of Aspidiotus ostree@formis, a Euro-
pean species which has been introduced into the United States, and has
374 ENTOMOLOGICAL. NEWS. [ February,
become established in some localities. I remember that when, in the
early spring of 1898, I showed Dr. Ritsema Bos, the Dutch entomologist,
some of our scaliest trees in New Jersey, he was not at all impressed,
and said that he had seen trees in German orchards quite as badly
covered by this newly-introduced pest. Now, let us pass laws excluding
all European and Canadian fruit stocks.
Incidentally, Mr. Webster expressed himself on the effect of cold on
the pernicious scales: ‘‘Doubtless the cold of winter kills’ the young,
but the mature scales survive and continue breeding.’”’ My own experi-
ence is exactly opposite. Specimens that begin breeding in fall zever
survive the winter, and the young produced late in the season are also
apt to succumb. The specimens that set in October and become dor-
mant in the form of little round black scales are the forms that survive
and resume breeding the June following.
Mr. E. H. Forbush spoke on the destruction of hairy caterpillars by
birds, and gave a list of those that had been found feeding upon them
in Massachusetts. Our good friend the English sparrow is very close to
the end of the list, and I cannot but think the habit exceptional in this
bird. At all events my experience with this species has been that it
keeps off more effective birds than itself, and thus far counterbalances
what little good it may,actually do. Nevertheless, Mr. Forbush is right
in urging more systematic field observation to help us to.a real knowledge
of bird habits.
Mr. Johnson spoke on ‘‘ The destructive pea louse, a new and import-
ant economicjspecies of the genus Nec/arophora.’’ This was an account —
of a most remarkable invasion by a species not even described, which
extended along the Atlantic Coast region from Connecticut to North
Carolina, but was, perhaps, more severe in the southern range of the
species. At all events, the percentage of injury was not as great in
New Jersey as Mr. Johnson made it in Maryland. Toward the end of
the season Mr. Johnson found predatory forms in such quantities that
the aphids were disappearing and a fungus developed in many specimens.
Similar conditions developed in New Jersey a little later and the fungus
was determined for me by Dr. Thaxter as the common /:x/omophthora
aphidis.
I can scarcely agree with Mr. Johnson, however, when he says: ‘ As
to the future, candidly, I am of the opinion that it will be many a day be-
fore we will see a repetition of such destruction to the pea crop by
Nectarophora destructor,” Mr, Johnson spoke in August, and at that
time I would have been inclined to agree with him, But since that time
the field peas on the college farm have been ruined, precisely as they
were in the fall of 1898, though the character of the season was exactly
opposite. I have advised our growers for canneries to place no depend-
ence On crops to mature after June 15, the date when, in New Jersey, this
insect became destructive.
a
p-
Ce eee a
1900 ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 375
Mr. Johnson also described ‘“‘ The Stalk Worm, a new enemy to young
tobacco,”’ though new only on this food plant. The species itself, Cram-
bus caligniosellus, is old enough and common enough on corn, as Mr.
Johnson pointed out.
Mr. A. H. Kirkland spoke of ‘‘ An improvement in the manufacture of
Arsenate of Lead,’’? whereby nitrate of lead is used in place of the
acetate. The resulting product contains about five per cent. more
arsenic than that made with the acetate, and the cost is somewhat
less. Unfortunately no exact formula is given, except that which is to
be inferred from the fact that it requires 880 pounds arsenate of soda,
2398 pounds nitrate of lead to make one ton arsenate of lead, as com-
pared with 758 pounds arsenate of soda and 2593.8 pounds acetate of
lead to produce the same quautity.
Mr. E.-H. Forbush reported on the progress of ‘‘ Recent Work Against
the Gypsy Moth,” from which it appears that, while much had been ac-
complished in reducing the numbers of the insect in the known infested
districts, three new colonies in outside districts have been discovered.
Mr. A. T. Burgess reported on ‘‘A Destructive Tanbark Beetle,’
Dinoderus substriatus, which he found developing in great numbers in
the stock of a tannery at Malden, Mass.
- Finally, before adjournment, the association adopted a set of resolu-
tions which, as a whole, are admirable, but from one part of which I
wish to dissent emphatically. It states: ‘* The association is also in full
sympathy with judicious national and State legislation for the purpose of
enacting and enforcing laws to prevent the importation of foreign insect
pests, and controlling or exterminating such as have become already
established in this country.’’
That this was the sentiment of the majority in attendance is probably
true, and it is in the nature of a direct contradiction to the conclusions of
the presidential address. The association consists of a// the members,
and Mr. Marlatt’s dissent at least is clearly enough expressed, It is one
of those perfunctory resolutions which will be used wherever legislation
is attempted and to support whatever the party using it happens to con-
sider ‘‘judicious.’’ !s any legislation that imposes a burden upon com-
merce ‘judicious ’’? JoHN B. SMITH.
SITODREPA PANICEA LINN, LIVING IN AND FEEDING UPON ARGOL.—
Recently Prof. F. L. Odenbach, S. J., Ignatius College, Cleveland, Ohio,
has sent me specimens of this well nigh omnivorous beetle, which he
finds burrowing in Argol. During fermentation the juices of the grape
deposits tartaric acid (C, H, Og) in the form of hydropotassic tartrate or
bitartrate of potash, which, in commerce, is known as tartar or argol.
As, in this case, the deposit was from red wine, the beetles were working
in red tartar, many of the pieces of hard dry argol being almost honey-
combed with burrows.—F. M. WEBSTER.
376 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
Entomological . Literature.
COMPILED BY P. P. CALVERT.
Under the above head it is intended to mention papers received at the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North
and South). Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted. Contribu-
tions to the anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, relating to Ameri-
can or exotic species, will be recorded. The numbers in HEAVY-FACED TYPE refer tothe .
journals, as numbered in the following list, in which the papers are published; * denotes
that the paper in question contains descriptions of North American forms. Titles of all
articles in foreign languages are translated into English; usually such articles are written
in thesame language as the title of thejournal containing them, but when such articles arein
other languages than English, French, German or Italian, this fact is indicated in brackets.
3. The American Naturalist, Boston, Dec., 1899.—4. The Canadian
Entomologist, London, Ont., Dec., ’99.—&. Psyche, Cambridge, Mass.,
Jan., 1900.—6. Journal of the New York Entomological Society, Dec.,
’°99.—8. The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, London, Jan., 1900.—
10. Nature. London, ’99.—11. The Annals and Magazine of Natural
History, London, Dec., ’99.—12. Comptes Rendus. L’ Academie des
Sciences, Paris, ’99.—21. The Entomologist’s Record, London, Dec.,
15, ’99.—37. Le Naturaliste Canadien, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Dec., ’99.—
41. Entomologische Nachrichten, ’99, No. 23, Berlin, Dec.—46. Tijds-
chrift voor Entomologie, xlii, 3, The Hague, Dec. 6, ’99.—74. Naturwis-
senschaftliche Wochenschrift, Berlin, ’99.—79. La Nature, Paris, ’99.—
$2. Centralblatt fiir Bakteriologie, Jena, ’99.—84. Inseckten Bérse,
Leipsic, ’99.—108. The Agricultural Journal, Cape Town, ’99.—120.
Consular Reports, U. S. Dept. of State, Ixi, No. 231, Washington, Dec.,
’99.—121. Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, civ, No. 11,
Geneva, Nov. 15, ’99.
The Insect World: a Monthly Magazine, Edited Y. Nawa, Gifu, Japan,
and printed entirely in Japanese, completed the twelfth number of the
third volume Dec. 15, ’99; we wish our contemporary long life!
THE GENERAL SUBJECT.—Anon. Obituary of Rev. Vin-
cent Clementi, 4.—Carret, A. M. F. Guillebeau and his entomologi-
cal works (concl.), L’Echange Revue Linnéenne, Lyon, Dec., ’99—Cou-
pin, H. Propriety in insects, 79, Dec. 23 —Distant, W.L. Biologi-
cal suggestions, mimicry (cont.), Zoologist, London, Dec., ’99.—Dury,
©. Random notes on natural history [Odonata, Lepidoptera, Diptera,
Coleoptera], Journal, Cincinnati Society of Natural History, xix, 5, Jan.
4, 1900.—Felt, E. P. Collection, preservation and distribution of New
York insects, Bulletin, New York State Museum, vi, 26, Albany, Apr.,
’99. Received Dec. 13.—Hepden, A. 8S. Entomological science in
schools, 21.—Jinichen, R. A new aberration to the third generation
of Lasiocampa populifolia Esp. var aulumnalis Jaen, 84, Dec., 28.—
Keilhack, K. On soil-forming activity of insects, 74, Dec. 24.—v.
ee.
.
1900] — ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 377
Linden, M. Edgar Kriigers ‘‘On the development of tho wings of in-
sects with especial reference to the wing-covers of beetles’’, Biologisches
Centralblatt, Erlangen, Dec. 1, ’99.—de Meijere, J. C. H. Ona case
of dimorphism in the two sexes of a new Cecidomyid (Monardia van der
Wulp), 2 pls., 46.—Roy, S. Entomological notes, 37.—Sharp, D.
Insecta, and Brown, A. W. Arachnida, Myriopoda and Prototra-
cheata in: The Zoological Record, Volume the Thirty-fifth. Being Rec-
ords of Zoological Literature relating chiefly to the year 1898. Edited
(for the Zoological Society of London) by David Sharp, London, ’99 —
Tutt, J. W. Entomology as a subject of instruction in schools, 21.—
Weed, C. M., and Murtfeldt, M. E. Stories of Insect Life, Second
Series, Summer and Autumn. Boston, U. S. A. Ginn & Co. 1899.
Pp. x, 72. 34 figs.
ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY.—Anon. The malarial expedi-
tion to West Africa, Science, New York, Jan. 5, ’99.—Barchet. Silk-
worms in China, 120.—Beutelspacher, G. Suppressing the San
José scale in Canada, 120.--Clement, A. L. Tobacco insects, 79,
Dec. 2.—Daubler. The Malaria Expedition to Sierra Leone, 82, Dec.
23.--Hanitsch, R. Mosquitoes and malaria, 10, Dec. 21.—Hop-
kins, A. D. Preliminary report on the insect enemies of the forests in
the northwest: an account of the results gained from a reconnoissance
trip made in the Spring and early Summer of 1899. Bulletin No. 21, new
series, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Washington,
’99.—Lawrie, E. The ‘‘ Laveran body’’ in birds and the mosquito
theory of malaria, New York Medical Journal, Dec. 30, ’99 —Louns-
bury, C. P. Grain bug, Codling moth, Bagrada bug, 108, Nov. 9.—Id.
The bont tick, Amblyomma hebreum Kock., its life history and habits,
figs., 108, Nov. 23.—Id. Report of the Government Entomologist for
the year 1898, 9 pls. Cape of Good Hope Dept. of Agriculture, Cape-
town, ’99.—Lowe, V. H. The forest tent-caterpillar, figs., Bulletin No.
159, New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, N. Y., Oct.,
’99.—Reh. Indigenous orchid scale-insects, 74, Dec. 17.—C. B. S.
_ Insects as carriers of disease, 10, Dec. 14.—Zimmermann, A. The
combatting of animals injurious to cultivated plants by means of their
natural enemies, 82, Dec. 1, 5.
PROTOTRACHEATA,.—Bouvier, E. L. Biological observa-
tions on Peripatus capensis Grube, 12, Dec. 4.—Id. Now observations
on the American Peripati, 12, Dec. 11.
MYRLOPODA AND ARACHNIDA,.—Fritsch, A. Myrio-
poda pars ii [and] Arachnoidea. Fauna der Gaskohle und der Kalk-
steine der Permformation B6hmens, Bd. iv, heft 2. Prag.,’99. Pls. 145-
154.—Silvestri, F. Contribution to the study of Chilian Chilopods,
Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, Valparaiso, Oct. and Nov., ’99.
ORTHOPTERA.—Edes, R. T. Relation of the chirping of the
tree cricket (Gcanthus niveus) to temperature, 3.—Hancock, J. L.
378 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ February,
Synopsis of subfamilies and genera of North American Tettigide, 5.—
Petrunkewitsch, A. The digestive organs of Periplaneta orientalis
and Blatta germanica, histological and physiological studies, 1 pl., Zoo-
logische Jahrbiicher, Abtheilung fiir Anatomie u. Ontogenie, xiii, 1, Jena
Dec. 5,’99.—Tiimpel, R. Die Geradfliigler Mitteleuropas, Lieferung 6,
Eisenach, Verlag.von M. Wilckens. Pp. 137-157, Perlidz, Psocide, pls.
xviii-xx [Acrididz, Locustide}.
NEUROPTERA.—Calvert, P. P. A contribution to knowledge
of the Odonata of Paraguay, Anales, Museo Nacional de Buenos Aires,
vii, Nov. 17, ’99.—Currie, R. P. New species of North American
Myrmeleonide, v*, 4.—McLachlan, R. Concerning TJeratopsocus
maculipennis Reuter, with notes on the brachypterous condition in fe-
males of Psocide, 8.
HEMIPTERA.--Cholodkovsky, N. Aphidological communi-
cations, 1 pl., Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipsic, Nov. 27, ’99.—Cocker-
ell, T. D. A. A coccid from the far north*, 4.—Id. New records of
Coccide, 6.—Distant, W. L. Rhynchotal notes, iii: Heteroptera,
Discocephaline and Pentatominz (part.), 118.—Kirkaldy, W. A
new Hawaiian Fulgorid genus and species, 41.—Slater, F W. The
egg-carrying habit of Zaitha, 3.—Webster, F. M. Distribution of
broods xxii, v and viii of Cicada septendecim in Indiana, map. Proceed-
ings Indiana Academy of Science for 1898. Extract, no paging or date!
COLEOPTERA.—Blackburn, T, Revision of the genus Parop-
sis, part v, Proceedings, Linnean Society of New South Wales, ’99, pt.
iii, Sidney, Dec. 9,,’99.—Bordas, L. General considerations on the
male reproductive organs of Coleoptera with compound and racemose
testes, 12, Dec. 26.—Chagnon, G. Gyvehrus viduus Dej. captured at
Saint-Hilaire, P. Q., 37.—Fiseher. [Oviposition and cocoons of]
Hydrophilus piceus, 121.—Horn, W.—Description of a new species of
Cicindela [from S. America], Annali, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di
Genova, (2) xix, ’99.—Jacobson, G. The genus 4/urno (Coleoptera,
Chrysomelidz) [in Latin], Annuaire, Musée Zoologique de |’ Academie
Imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg, ’99, No. 3.—Mead, C. E.
Collops bipunctatus as an enemy of the Colorado potato beetle, 3.—
Wickham, H. F. On Coleoptera found with ants, fifth paper, 5.
DIPTERA.—Coquillett, D. W. Notes and descriptions of Try-
petide*, 6.—Heeht, E. Biological and histological notes on the larva
of a Dipter (Microdon mutabilis L.), 1 pl., Archives de Zoologie Experi-
mentale et Generale, (3) vii, No. 3, Paris, ’99.—de Meijere, J. C. H.
See the General Subject.—Webster, F. M. Species of Diptera reared
in Indiana during the years 1584 to 1890, Proceedings, Indiana Academy
of Science for 1898. Extract, no paging or date !
LEPIDOPTERA,.—Beutenmiiller, W. Descriptions of and
notes on some North American Lepidoptera*, 6.—Cappel, H. A. de
V.T. N. On the spine on the fore tibia in the genus Agrodis, 3 pls. [in
—,
ee
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 379
Dutch], 46.—v. Caradja, A. On some .Spilosoma hybrids [transl.
from “‘TIris’’, 98], Entomologist, London, Dec. ’99.—Crampton, H. E,
An experimental study upon Lepidoptera, figs., 3 pls., Archiv fiir Ent-
wicklungsmechanik, ix, 2 Leipsic, Dec. 12, ’99—Dyar, H. G. Life
histories of North American Geometride, viii, ix, 6.—Id. The life his-
tories of the New York slug caterpillars (concl.), 3 pls., 6.—Id. De-
scription of the mature larva of Acronycta connecta, fig.. 6.—Fyles, T.
W. Observations upon Bombyx cunea, Drury, etc., 4.—Gibson, A*
Lepisesia ulalume Strecker in British Columbia, 4.—Moffat, J. A.
Butterfly wing structure, 1 pl., 4.—Moore, F. Lepidoptera Indica, pts.
xl, xli. London, Lovell Reeve & Co.,’99. Recd. Jan. 15, t900_ = [Pp.
65-112 of vol. iv, pls. 309-324. Nymphaline, group Nymphalina.]—
Ottolengui, R. A contribution to the discussion of Spi/osoma_ con-
grua, 4.—Rippon, R. H. F. Icones Ornithopterorum, a monograph
of the Rhopalocerus genus Ornithoptera or bird-wing butterflies. Pt. 14.
Published by the author, London. Reed. Jan. 15, ’99 —Smith, J. B.
New Noctuids and notes*, 6.—Soule, C.G. The ‘‘cocoons’’ or ‘‘cases”’
of some burrowing caterpillars, 5.—Standfuss, M. The dampening
of the surface of the body which takes place in certain larvee before pupa-
tion, $4, Dec. 21 —Stichel, H. Parnassius apollo bartholomeus n.
subsp. and monographic treatment of the named palzarctic forms of
. apollo, 84, Dec. 7, 14.—Tutt, J. W.—Migration and dispersal of in-
sects: Lepidoptera, 21.—Wilson-Barker, D._ Butterfly-shadows,
10, Dec. 7.
HYMENOPTERA.—André, E. The mushroom-raising ants
{12 pp.]. Extrait de la Société Grayloise d’Emulation (année 1899).—
Anglas, J. On the histogenesis of the imaginal muscles of Hymenop-
tera, Comptes Rendus, Société de Biologie, Paris, Dec. 2, ’99.--Ash-
mead, W. H. Classification of the entomophilous wasps, or the super-
family Sphegoidea, No. 7, conclusion, 4.—Cockerell, T. D. A., and
Porter, W. Contributions from the New Mexico Biological Station,
vii: Observations on bees with descriptions of new genera and species,
11.—Dunning, S. N. Notes on Phril/anthus, 4.—Emery, C.—Vege-
tarianism among ants, 121.—Hunter, S. J. The honey-bee and its
food-plants with special reference to alfalfa, figs. Bulletin of the Dept. of
Entomology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, ’99. Recd. Dec. 26, ’99.—
Konow, F. W. New Tenthredinide, 41.—Id. New South Ameri-
can S/romboceros species (fam. Tenthredinidz)*, Wiener Entomologische
Zeitung, xviii, to, Dec. 24, ’99.—Marshall, T. A. Braconide, pp.
289-334, pls. xiii-xv, in 67e Fascicule (July 1, 1899) and Andra, Ern-
est. Mutillida, pp. 1-64. pls. i-iii in 68e Fascicule (Oct. 1, 1899) of Spe-
cies des Hyménopteres d’Europe et d’ Algerie fondé par Edmond André
_ et continué sous Ernest André. Paris, Vve Dubosclard, éditeur.—
Robertson, C. On the classification of bees, 4.—Smith, W. W.
Large colonies of ants in New Zealand, 8.
380 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [February,
Doings of Societies.
At a business meeting of the American Entomological Soci-
ety held December 28th, 1899, the following officers were —
elected to serve during the coming year: Presédent, Philip P.
Calvert, Ph.D. ; Vce-President, H. W. Wenzel; Treasurer,
E. T. Cresson ; Recording Secretary, Henry Skinner, M.D. ;
Corresponding Secretary, W. J. Fox ; Curator, Henry Skinner ;
Librarian, W. J. Fox; Publication Committee, E. 'T. Cresson,
C. Few Seiss, B. H. Smith; Axvecutive Committee, P. Laurent,
C. Liebeck, H. W. Wenzel ; /ixance Committee, J. W. McAliis-
ter, C. S. Welles, C. C. Cresson. . HENRY SKINNER, Sec.
At a meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy
of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, held December 28th,
1899, the following were elected officers for the year 1go0:
Director, Philip Laurent; Vice-Director, H. W. Wenzel;
Treasurer, E.'T. Cresson ; Conservator, Henry Skinner, M.D. ;
Recorder, Henry Skinner, M.D. ; Secretary, W. J. Fox; Pub-
lication Committee, C. W. Johnson, J. H. Ridings.
Mr. J. C. Bradley was duly elected an Associate of the
Section. HENRY SKINNER, M.D., Recorder.
At the December meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social,
held, on the evening of the 2oth, at the residence of Mr. H.
W. Wenzel, 1523 S. 13th St. Ten persons were present.
Prof. J. B. Smith called attention to larvee of a species of |
Tineid which had burrowed in a mass of casein, which is not
a natural food for insects of that kind.
The habits of the bee-moth larvze were dwelt on by Messrs. |
H. Wenzel and Smith.
Mr. H. W. Wenzel exhibited specimens of /chalia costata,
a very rare insect in this locality ; two specimens were taken
on December 3d and toth respectively. The capture of
Cryptorhynchus fuscatus from Clementon, N. J., on December
17th, and two specimens of J/ycetina perpulchia trom Newtown
Square, Pa., were recorded, as was also the collecting of
Cychrus on December 1oth and 17th in New Jersey.
“Dr. H. Skinner remarked on the occurrence of Hemaris
Brucei in Wasatch Mountains, Utah ; it was quite plentiful at
high altitudes. Also specimens of Anarta melanopa from the
same locality were shown,
Prof. Smith stated that he had found that in collecting in
various canons in the southwest, each canon would have a
peculiar fauna of its own. He therefore pointed out the
advisability of labelling specimens with the exact locality in
which they were found.
A vote of thanks was extended to Mr. Frank Haimbach for
the elegant collation tendered the members at the November
meeting. WILLIAM J. Fox, Secretary.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
D
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VoL. XI. MARCH, 1900. NO. 3.
CONTENTS:
Holland—Alaska Insects.........+.++- 381 | Williamson—Tachopteryx Thoreyi.... 398
Rivers—A New Metrius............... 389 | Fox—Extra-American Species of Mu-
Doane—A New Sugar-Beet Pest....... 390 SRR as Vaid
Pror. JoHN B. SmituH’s Check-List of the Lepidoptera of Boreal
America is out of print and cannot be supplied.
In the issue for December (p. 293) reference was made to the occur-
rence of ‘‘ Actias duna’’ in Mexico. Since writing the note I have re-
ceived the bulletin of the ‘‘ Laboratoire d’Etudes des Soies’’ of Lyon,
in which M. Sonthonnax describes as a new species the Mexican moth
which much resembles A. /uma. The differences are slight, but in the
six or eight specimens which I have examined of 7vopea truncatipennis,
as the moth is now called, there is no variation whatever toward the typical
A. luna. The 33% have the primaries distinctly produced at the apex
and truncated ; the tails are longer and broader in proportion than in
A. luna; the maroon border is much more distinct, and the moth itself
considerably larger.—O. W. BARRETT, Museo, Tacubaya, Mex.
* Cobs are horses with the tails sawn off pretty close. This is not nearly as painful
as pulling the legs off of beetles and other bugs.
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY.
Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc. D., New Brunswick, N. J,
. /
Papers for this department are solicited. They should be sent to the editor”
Prof. John B. Smith, Sc.D., New Brunswick, N. J.
SOME RUSSIAN ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY.
By E. V. WILCOX, Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.
As is well known to all scientific workers, the Russians are very active
along most lines of natural science, and the published results of their
investigations are of great value and importance. Unfortunately these
results are for the most part published in the Russian language, and are,
therefore, less accessible to the average worker than they would be if pub-
lished in French or German. Frequently abstracts are published by the
authors in French or German periodicals, but the complete articles and
illustrations are for the most part found only in the original Russian
publications.
It is the purpose of this note to call attention to a few articles in econo-
mic entomology which may be of interest to American workers. The
articles referred to are found in two publications. The one is cailed
‘“*Selskoe Khozyaistvo i Lyesovodstvo,” and is published in St. Peters-
burg by the Ministry of Agriculture and Imperial Domains. It is a very
valuable agricultural journal, and contains articles on all agricultural and
forestry subjects. The other publication mentioned is the ‘*‘ Year Book’’
of the St. Petersburg Forestry Institute, the first number of which was.
published in 1886. The following is a list of the more important articles
from these two publications which the writer has had occasion to read
during entomological work :
Concerning the grasshoppers which are injurious to grains and grasses.
in the governments of Perm, Orenburg and Tobolsk, I. A. Porchinski
‘(Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov., 1895, No. 1, pp. 79-108, figs. 16).—A discussion
of the parasities of grasshoppers and of the steppe or Russian species.
The nun and its associates in the forests of middle and eastern Russia
during the summer of 1894, I. Shevuirev (Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov., 1895,
No. 8, pp. 471-489).—Notes on Ocneria monacha, O. dispar, Tomicus
lypographus, Trachea piniperda and other forest insects.
Diseases of tobacco in Tashkent, their causes, and measures for com-
bating them, V. Polovtzov (Selsk. Khoz, i Lyesov., 1895, No. 2, pp.
109-136).—-A detailed account of the life history, habits, host plants and
emedies for Siphonophora scabiosa.
404
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 405,
Combating injurious forest insects in Bavaria, V. Ogievski (Selsk. Khoz.,
i Lyesov., 1895, No. 9, pp. 31-44.)—An account of species of Tomicus,
Flylesinus, Flylobius and Pissodes.
Combating phylloxera, P. Stroev (Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov., 1895, No. 10.
pp. 183-208, figs. 22).—A general discussion of the forms and life history
of the insect, with recommendation of remedies.
Sericulture in the province of Turkestan, A. Shakhnazarov (Selsk.
Khoz. i Lyesov., 1896, No. 5, pp. 137-153).-—A study of the actual condi-
tion of sericulture in Turkestan, with an account of the extent and future
of the industry.
Combating phylloxera in Russia, B. Witmer (Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov.,
1896, No. 6, pg. 375-407 ; pp. 609-625).—A discussion of methods adopted
in different parts of Russia in fighting this insect.
Observations on bark beetles in 1895, G. Jacobson (Selsk. Khos. i
Lyesov., 1896, No. 6, pp. 419-442, figs. 11).—Notes on the 20 species of
bark beetles.
Destructive increase of bark beetles in central Russia from 1882-94 and
experiments in combating them, I. Shevuirev (Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov.,
1896, No. 10, pp. 523-545).—Notes on Polygraphus, Xyleborus and other
species.
Apiculture, N. Sharov (Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov., 1896, No. 11, pp. 751-
770). —A general discussion of the subject.
Injurious insects of Semiretchinsk, I. Ingenitzki (Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov.
1897, No. I, pp. 177-197, figs. 3).—An account of Pachytylus migratorius,
Caloptenus italicus, and species of Psyche, Agrotis, etc.
Insects injurious to the sunflower, A. Krulikovski (Selsk. Khoz. i
Lyesov., 1897, No. 6, pp. 585-598, figs. 10).—Notes on Agapanthia dahlit
species of Clytus, Strangalia, Leptura, Heliothis, etc.
Combating locusts in the Danube delta, 1884-85 and 1893-95, E. Rekalo
(Selsk. Khos. i Lyesov., 1897, No. 10, pp. 99-125).—An elaborate study of
the methods of fighting locusts.
_ Injurious field insects in the government of Ufa, S. Torski (Selsk. Khos.
i Lyesov., 1897, No. 1, pp. 395-411).—Notes on species of 7rachea, Ma-
mestra, Entomocetis, etc.
The enemies of agriculture in the Trans-Ural region, Y. Polferov
(Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov., 1897, No. 12, pp. 583-593).—Notes on grass-
hoppers, the corn weevil, field mice, etc.
Injurious insects in the government of Kiev, S. Torski (Selsk. Khoz. i
Lyesov., 1898, No. 2, pp. 413-427).—Notes on Gastropacha neustria,
Ocneria dispar, O. monacha, etc.
Simple apiculture as a result of the work of the Agricultural Society in
the central zone of European Russia, A. Popov (Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov.,
* 1898, No. 5, pp. 347-383 ;.6, pp. 577-616).—An elaborate account of bee
culture in this region.
_ Tabanidee and a simple method of destroying them, I. Porchinski
(Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov., 1899, No. 3, pp. 557+573).—The author’s obser-
406 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ March,
vations were made upon species of Zabanus, Chlorops and Hematopota.
Species of the first two named genera have the habit of darting down
upon the surface of pools to take water, and advantage was taken of this
fact in devising a remedy for their destruction. Pools were covered with
films of oil and the insects were destroyed by coming in contact with this
substance.
Injury caused to hazel trees in Crimea by a scale insect (Lecanium
cornt, Bouché, or L. vobiniarum, Doug), S. Mokrzhetzki (Selsk« Khoz. i
Lyesov., 1899, No. 2, pp. 413-420, figs. 4).
General survey of the life history of injurious insects and means of
combating them, I. Shevuirev (Selsk. Khoz. i Lyesov., 1899, No. 6, pp.
587-628).—Economic notes on a large number of noxious insects.
Combating the enemies of agriculture, V. Morachevski (Selsk. Khoz. i
Lyesov., 1899, No. 8, pp. 193-225).—Notes on Orthoptera, especially
Pachytylus migratorius, and a detailed discussion of the means adopted
in different governments of Russia for fighting them.
Combating the enemies of agriculture, V. Morachevski (Selsk. Khoz. i
Lyesov., 1899, No. 9, pp. 445-454).—Notes on species of Ag tats, Anisoplia
and the Hessian fly.
Materials for the study of the geographical distribution of bark beetles
in Russia, I. Shevuirev (Ezhegod.-Lyesn. Inst., St. Petersburg, 2 (1888),
PP. 173-183.
Pissodes strobili, N. Zhilyakov (Ezhegod. — Inst., ane Petersburg,
3 (1888), pp. 113, 114, figs. 2).
The restraing influence of the weather of 1888 upon plants and insects,
A. A. Silantev (Ezhegod. Lyesn. Inst., St. Petersburg, 3 (1888), pp. 115-
118).—Notes on species of Melolontha, Tomicus, Lophyrus, etc.
Entomological notes, A. A. Silantev (Ezhegod. Lyesn. Inst., St. Peters-
burg, 3 (1888), pp. 119-121).—Notes on Cryphalus tilie, Chermes pini,
Lymexylon dermestoides, etc.
The galleries of bark beetles, N. A. Kholodkovski (Ezhegod. Lyesn.
{nst., St. Petersburg, 3 (1888), pp. 181-197, figs. 13).—Notes on the habits
and burrows of a large number of spceies of Scolytide.
The biology of bark beetles, A. A. Silantev (Ezhegod. Lyesn. Inst.,
St. Petersburg, 4 (1891), pp. 223-231, figs. 2).—Notes on species of Toni
cus, Myelophilus, Hylastes, etc.
Biology and classification of the genus hetenes: N. A. Kholodkovski
(Ezhegod. Lyesn. Inst. St. Petersburg, 4 (1891), pp. 255-290, figs. 17).—
A detailed account of a large number of species of this genus.
This brief list of articles may be of service to economic entomologists
in America if in no other way than by calling attention to the existence of
articles of considerable size upon definite entomological subjects which
affect us in this country. Many of these articles are abstracted by the ©
writer at some length for the Lxperiment Station Record, It is hoped,
however, that the brief notes added to most of the titles will serve to
indicate the general trend of each article.
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 407
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY P. P. CALVERT.
Under the above head it is intended to mention papers received at the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North
and South). Artieles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted. Contribu-
tions to the anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, relating to Ameri-
can or exotic species, will be recorded. The numbers in HEAVY-FACED TYPE refer to the
journals, as numbered in the following jist, in which the papers are published ; * denotes
that the paper in question contains descriptions of North American forms. Titles of all
articles in foreign languages are translated into English; usuaily such articles are written
in thesame language as thetitle of thejournal containing them, but when such articles are in
other languages than English, French, German or Italian, this fact is indicated in brackets.
4. The Canadian, Entomologist, London, Ont., 1900,—&. Psyche,
Cambridge, Mass., Feb., 1900.—8. ‘The Entomologist’s Monthly Maga-
zine, London, Feb., 1900.—9.. The Entomologist, London, Feb., 1900.—
11. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, Jan., 1900.—
13. Comptes Rendus. Société de Biologie, Paris, 1900.—15. Biologia
Centrali-Americana, London, pt. cli, Nov., ’99. Recd. Feb. 5, 1900.—
21. The Entomologist’s Record, London, Jan. 15, 1900.—36. Tran-
sactions, Entomological Society of London, 1899, pt. iv., Dec. 30.—74.
Naturwissenschaftliche Wochenschrift, Berlin, 1900.--78. The Garden-
er’s Chronicle, London, 1900.—86a,_ Annales, Société Entomologique de
France, Paris, 1898, Trimestres 1 et 2, Oct. ’98; 3, Dec., ’98; 4, May.’99;
all rec’d. Jan., 1900.—86b. Bulletin of the same, 1898, rec’d Jan., 1900 —
122. Transactions, City of London Entomological and Natural History
Society, 1898. Recd. Jan., 1900.
THE GENERAL SUBJECT.—Anon, Henry Herbert Lyman
[Biographical notice], portrait, 4, Jan.—Anon. The role of leucocytes
in histolysis of the muscles of the bee during metamorphosis, Revue Gen-
erale des Sciences, Paris, Dec. 30, ’99.—Boas, J. E. V. New remarks
on the metamorphoses of insects [in Danish], 1 pl., Oversigt kongelige
danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Forhandlinger, 1899, No. 4, Copenhagen.
—Bordage, E.-—On regeneration in the Phasmids,- 86a, 1 and 2.—
Brunner von Wattenwyl. Note on the coloration of insects [trans-
lation], 21.—Burr, M, Brunner von Wattenwyl, portrait, 21 —Caus-
ard, M. On the role of air in the last moult of aquatic nymphs, S6b.
—Clement, A. L. Observations on different anomalies in insects,
figs, $6b.—Dominique, J. Parthenogenesis and thelytokie in the
Phasmidz, Bulletins, Société des Sciences Naturelles de l’Ouest de la
France, ix, 2, Nantes, June 30, ’99._ Recd. Jan. 26, 1900.—Gadeau de
Kerrville, H. On tetratological forking of the feet, the antennz and
palps of insects, figs., 86b.—Lucas, R. -Insects in general, and Seid-
litz, G. Coleoptera in Review of scientific results in the field of Ento-
mology during the year 1896, Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte Ixiii, ii, 2, 1
HAlfte, Berlin, Nov., ’99.—V. L. On the development of insects, with
408 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
especial reference to the elytra of beetles, 74, Jan. 7,—Perez, C. On
muscular histolysis in insects, 13, Jan. 6.—Pic, M. List of his own
zoological publications (1889-1897), 86a, 1 and 2.—Prout, L. B. On
some heredity experiments with Coremia ferrugata, 122.—Vignon,
P. Criticism of the. vesicular theory of secretion, figs. [special refer-
ence to Diptera], Notes et Revue, Archives de Zoologie Experimentale
et Generale (3), vii, 2, Paris, Dec. 20, ’99.—Witchell, C. A. Stray
notes on mimicry, Zoologist, London, Jan. 15, 1900.
ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY.—Anon. Phylloxera +9 Italy,
Revue Scientifique, Paris, Jan. 20, 1900.—Fuller, C. Notes and de-
scriptions of some species of Western Australian Coccide, 1 pl., 36.—
Galli- Valerio, B. Do the fleas of rats and mice play an important
rdle in the transmission of bubonic plague to man? Figs. Centralblatt
fiir Bakteriologie, Jena, Jan. 6, 1900.—Gennadius, P. Treatment of
psoriasis of Hesperidz in the Levant, 86b.—Giard, A. The army worm
in France, 86b.—Laveran. On the subject of the destruction of the
larvze of mosquitoes by oil and petroleum, 13, Jan. 20.—Lesne, P., and
Martin, J. Notes on some attempts at destruction of the kola-nut
weevil (Balanogastris kole Desbr.), 86b.—Lounsbury, C. P. Insect
bites and the effects thereof, 4, Jan.—Pergande, T. A new species of
plant-louse injurious to violets,* 4, Feb —Prowazek, S. On the nat-
ural history of the ‘‘ Rapserdfloh”’ ( Psy/liodes chrysocephala), figs., 74,
Jan. 14.~Simon, E. Ona fabric made from spiders’ silk in Madagas-
car, 86b.—W.S. The “ Hatfield’’ cure for red-spider, 78, Feb. 3—
Tangye, E. Trapping the codlin moth, 78, Jan. 27.—Webster, F.
M., and Mally, C. W. The purslane sawtly, Schizocerus Zabrisket
Ashm. M6S., figs., 4, Feb.—Wilcox, E. V. Abstracts of recent litera-
ture, Experiment Station Record, xi, 4, Washington, ’99.
ARACHNIDA.—Banks, N, On two genera of mites, 4, Feb.—
Cambridge, F. O. P. Arachnida Araneidea, vol. ii, pp. 65-80, pl. v,*
15.—Lomann, J.C. C. The Opilionidz of the Plate Collection, 1 pl.
Fauna Chilensis, Bd. ii, Heft 1. Jena, Gustav Fischer, Dec. 20, 1899.—
Simon, E. Description of a new senoculous genus (.Symposia) of the
family Agelenide, 86b.—-Ld. Description of a new genus of Arachnida,
family Lycoside, 86b.—Trouessart, E. Preliminary diagnoses of
new species of plumicolous Acarina, additions and corrections to the sub-
family of the Analgesine, pls.,* Bulletin, Société d’Etudes Scientifiques
d’Angers (n. s.), xxviii, ’99.—Id. Preliminary diagnoses of new species
of plumicolous Sarcoptide (three papers),* SGb.
PROTOTKACHEATA.—Bouvier, E, L. On the structure of
Peripatus Tholloni Bouv., 86D.
MYRIAVODA,—Brélemann, H. W. Voyage of M. E Simon
to Venezuela (Dec., 1897-Aug., 1888), 27th memoir: Myriapods, 8 pls.,.
figs , $G6a, 3.-—I1d. Myriapods from High and Low Sarare, Venezuela,
given by M. F. Geay to the Museum of Natural History of Paris, 2 pls.,
86a, 3.—de Zograf, VU. On the lateral cephalic organs of Glomeris, 11¢
_—s $ Jes gah oo
Saris et
em
WE
a
7s Ss
=
——
|
SSS AEA Ta
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 409
ORTHOPTERA.—Bordage, E. See the General Subject.—Do-
minique, J. See the General Subject —Hancock, J. L. Notes on
species of the Tettigian group of Orthoptera,* 4, Jan.—Rehn, J. A. G.
Melanoplus differentialis in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, 4, Jan.—
Sayee, O. A. On the structure of the alimentary system of Gryllotalpa’
australis (Erichs.), with some physiological notes, 2 pls , Proceedings,
Royal Society of Victoria, xi (n. s_), pt. ii, Melbourne, ’99.
NEUROPTERA.—-McLachlan, R. Psocids on the wing: a
query, $.—Needham, J.G. How to rear nymphs of dragonflies [ex-
tract], 8.
HEMIPTERA.—Baker, C. F. Four new species of Platymeto-
pius,* 4, Feb.—Bergroth, E, Description of two new Reduviide,*
86b.—Champion, G. C. Rhynchota Heteroptera, vol. ii, pp. 265-
288, pl. xvi,* 15.—Enock, F. [Oviposition of Nepal], 36, Proceed-
ings.—Fowler, W. W. Rhynchota Homoptera, vol. ii, pp. 249-256,
pl. xvi [ Te¢tigonia),* 15.—Giard, A. On the scale insects of the
genus Orthezia Bosc., 86b.—Hempel, A. Descriptions of three new
species of Coccide from Brazil, 4, Jan.—Johnson, W. G. The de-
structive green-pea louse, figs.,* 4, Feb.—King, G. B. Bibliography of
Massachusetts Coccidz: supplementary to the knowledge of Massachu-
setts Coccide, 4, Jan—Id. The fifth species of Kermes [andrei], 5.—
Kirkaldy, G. W. On the nomenclature of the genera of the Rhyn-
chota, Heteroptera and Auchenorrhynchous Homoptera, 9.—Martin,
~J. Descriptions of new species of Nepide, figs.,* 86b.—Pergande,
T. See Economic Entomology.*
COLEOPTERA.--Arrow, G. J. On sexual dimorphism in the
Rutelid genus Parastasia with descriptions of new species, 1 pl., 36—
Bennett. Notes on the habits of Godiathus druryi, 36, Proceedings. —
Boileau, H. Note on the ‘‘Catalogue of the Lucanidz,”’ by M. Carl
Felsche, 86a, 3.--Bordas, L. Contribution to the study of the repro-
ductive organs of the Coleoptera: male genital glands of the Cleridz, 1
pl., 86a, 4.—Clouét des Pesruches, L. Notes on various Aphodii-
dz, 86a, 1 and 2.—Croissandeau, J. Monograph of the Scydmzni-
dee (cont.), 14 pls., 86a, 1 and 2.—Dierckx, F. The pygidial glands
of Pheropsophus Bohemani Chaud., figs., Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipsic,
Jan. 8, 1900.—Gahan, ©. J. Et al. [Stings of beetles], 36, Proceed-
ings.—Giard, A. See Hymenoptera. -Grouvelle, A. New Clavi-
corns from America, 2nd memoir,* 86a, 3.—Guillebeau,jJF. Revi-
sion of the genus Scydmenus Latr. (Zumicrus Lap.), 86a, 1 and 2 —
Heasler, H. Beetle coloration, 122.--Lesne, P. Revision of the
Coleoptera of the family Bostrychidz, 3rd memoir, figs., * 86a, 4.—Id.
Description of the adult larva of /w/odis albopilosa Chevr., and remarks
on various characters of the larve of Buprestide, figs. , 86b.—Leveille,
A. Description of five new Temnochilide, 86b.—V. L. See the Gen-
eral Subject.—Raffray, A. Diagnoses of three new Pselaphide, 86b.
—Seidlitz, G. See the General Subject.
410 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ March,
DIPTERA.—Coquillett, D, W. New genera and species of
Ephydride, * 4, Feb.—Ricardo, G. Notes on the Pangonine of the
family Tabanidz in the British Museum Collection, 1 pl., 11.—Vignon,
P. See the General Subject.—Wahl, B- On the tracheal system and
‘the imaginal disks of the larve of Aristalis tenax, figs., 5 pls., Arbeiten
des Zoologischen Instituten, Universitat Wien, xii, 1, ’99.
LEPIDOPTERA.—Barnes, W. New species and varieties of
North American Lepidoptera,* 4, Feb:—Dyar, H. G.. Bombyx cunea,
4, Jan.—Id. Critical notes [on J. W. Tutt’s British Lepidoptera, vol. i],
21.—Id. Notes on some North American Yponomeutide,* 4, Feb.—
Id. Life histories of North American Geometride, 6.—Fyles, T. W.
Metzneria lappella \.:.a curious life-history, 4, Jan.—Grote, A. R.
The neuration of Argynnis, 4, Jan.—Howard, L. O. A popular
name for C/istocampa disstria, 4, Feb.—Hulst, G. D. A new genus
and species of Phycitinz,* 4, Jan.—Mayer. A. G. On the mating in-
stinct in moths, 6 —MecLachlan, RB. [Deilephila lineata in Colorado
at gooo ft.], 36, Proceedings.—Merrifield, F., and Poulton, E. B.
The color-relation between the pupz of Papilio machaon, Pieris napt
and many other species, and the surroundings of the larve preparing to
pupate, 36.—Motelay. Note ona butterfly which is attracted by sight
and not by odor of flowers, Actes, Société Linneenne de Bordeaux, ‘ii,
98. Recd. Jan. 26, ’1900.—Prout, L. B. See the General Subject.—
Slingeriand, M. V. A new popular name for C/isiocampa disstria
[‘‘forest tentless caterpillar’’], 4, Jan.—Tutt, J. W. Migration and
dispersal of insects: Lepidoptera, 21. .
HYMENOPTERA.—André, E. Study on the Mutillidz of the
_ Museum of Paris,* 86a, 1 and 2.—Id. Description of two new ants
from Mexico,* 86b.—Anon. See the General Subject.—Bethe, A.
Still more on the psychical qualities of ants, Archiv fiir die gesammte
Physiologie (Pfliiger’s), Ixxix, 1 and 2, Bonn, Jan. 18, 1900.—du Buys-
son, R. Chrysis shanghaiensis [anatomy], 1 pl., 86a, 1 and 2.—Id.
The nest and the larva of 7ripoxy/lon albitarse F., 2 pls., 86a, 1 and 2.
—Cockerell, T. D. A. Tables for the determination cf New Mexico
bees, Bulletins, Scientific Laboratories of Denison University, xi, 3, Gran-
ville, Ohio, Nov. ’98.. Kecd. Jan. 1900.—Id. What is the proper name
of Lophyrus Latr.? 9.—Dawson, C., and Woodhead, 's. A. The
hexagonal structure naturally formed in cooling beeswax, and its influence
on the formation of the cells of bees, 11.—Enock, F. [Life history of
Prestwichia aquatica Lubb.], 36, Proceedings.—Ferton, C. On the
habits of Sphecodes Latr. and //a/ictus Latr., 86b.—Forel, A. Hymen-
optera, vol. iii, pp. 105-136 [Formicide],* 15.—Giard, A. On Cepha-
/onomia (Hymen, Proctotryp.), parasites of the larve of Ptinide, 86b.—
Id. On the development of Li/omastis truncatellus Dalman (Chalcid),
$6b.—Kieffer, J.J. Remarks on the eggs of Cynipide, fig., 86b.—
Marchal, P. The evolutionary cycle of Lucyrtus fuscicollis, 860.--
Robertson, C. Homologies of the wing veins of Hymenoptera, Science,
New York, Jan. 19, 1900.— Webster, F, M., and Mally, ©. W. See
Economic Entomology.”
Fok: ASS Fe,
1gco] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 4II
Doings of Societies.
At the regular monthly meeting of the Newark Entomologi-
cal Society, held in the Turn Hall January 14th, the following
officers were elected: President, Mr. S. T. Kemp; Vice-Presi-
dent, Mr. O. Buchholz; Secretary, Mr. Wm. H. Broadwell ;
Treasurer, Mr. S. Seib; Librarian, Mr. J. Engelman, and
Curators, Mr. H. Brehme and Mr. Bischoff.
Wo. H. BROADWELL, Sec. pro tome.
At the January meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social,
held at the residence of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, 1523 So. 13th St.,
eleven persons were present.
This being the annual meeting of the society, the President
delivered his address, reviewing the progress of the society and
dwelling on the good fellowship existing among the members.
Mr. P. Laurent exhibited specimens of a dipteron which he
had found at Silver Lake, Wasatch Mts., Utah. Mr. Johnson
identified these as belonging to the genus Chzronomus, and spoke
on habits of certain species of that genus. In one instance, at
Palatka, Florida, a species was so abundant as to completely
cover the fence-posts.
Mr. Laurent also exhibited two specimens of Soronda ulket,
taken under fresh chips of wood at Westville, N. J., on May
4th. It isa rare coleopteron in this locality.
Some lumber bored by the larva of AYylotrupes bajulus was
also shown. :
Mr. Bland recorded the capture of Apion puritana Fall, in
large numbers in May at Westville, N. J.
Mr. H. Wenzel described collecting in swamps along the New
Jersey coast. In such places sifting gives good results for many
beetles. On Dec. 14th last he had visited a swamp surrounded
by high trees and screened from the sun. Here he had found
numbers of species not before met with by him, the coleopter-
ous fauna seemng to differ almost entirely from the more open
- swamps only a short distance beyond. ‘This difference in the
faunze seemed to hold true of all open and closed swamps
visited.
4I2 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March,
Mr. Bland spoke of the abundance of coleoptera in newly-
mown hay which had lain on the ground over night, especially
Atomaria and small Staphylinide.
Mr. Laurent referred to Prof. Smith’s remarks, at the last
meeting, on the peculiar faunze of the various canons in the
Southwest, and stated that he had found similar conditions
existing in the canons of Wasatch Mts., Utah. rhesus . ** upperside.
Fig. 20. 4! tf ig ‘* underside.
Fig. 21. y nemorum Boisduval
—<2er-
Notes and News.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.
I HAVE taken today (February 28th) a specimen of Lycena sonorensis,
which I think is worthy of mention. On the right side the wings are of
a first-class <', a brighter blue, smaller orange spot, less black markings,
and no sign of orange on hind wings. The left side is of an extra fine 9,
each side representing a different sex so perfectly that I cannot tell which
is the better half. Under the glass the body looks more like aj. I
watched the specimen some time before taking it, thinking it was de-
positing eggs, but think now I was mistaken in that. Expanse one
inch,-—-C, W. Herr, Pasadena, Cal.
I wouLp like to record the capture, by Mr. A. Ronke, in this city, last
July, of a beautiful aberration of Papilio turnus 3. This specimen agrees
in the main with the one recorded by Dr. James Fletcher, an illustration
and description of upper side being given in Can. Ent., Vol. xxi, p. 204,
1889. The specimen is in fresh condition, but the right fore wing is
damaged by not having fully expanded along inner margin. In compara-
son with Dr. Fletcher’s record, some minor differences are apparent, as.
follows : On upper side of fore wings the yellow oblong patch inside end
of cell is only about one-half as wide. Five faint, small patches of yellow
scales along outer margin, from apex to space between second and third
median neruvles, is all that represents the distinct marginal rows of spots.
shown in Dr. Fletcher’s illustration. Hind wings, above, lack the black
patch inside end of cell, and the only indication of a red cloud or patch,
is that of the eye-spot at anal angle, which is distinct and normal.
Beneath, the black suffusion covers the same space as on upperside of
both fore and hind wings. At outer margin of fore wings an indistiuct
yellowish suffused band, broadest at apex, replaces the usual spots of P.
turnus SY, but on hind wings the normal spots are present, except that
the usual patches of reddish orange scales inward from the broad mar-
. ginal band are placed by the black suffusion. The colors of this insect
are bright and contrast strongly, and the markings are symmetrical. I
have never seen the same bright velvety black in P. g/aucus 2, even in
482 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May,
freshly emerged specimens that I have bred. I think this extreme form
of P. turnus 3 should have a distinctive name, and Dr. Fletcher having,
so far as I am able to ascertain, first brought it to the notice of the ento-
mological world, I propose that it be known as /apilio turnus ab.
fletcheri. In view of the different opinions of authorities recorded at
various times, as to the advisability, or otherwise, of naming varieties and
aberrations, it is more than probable that some will not be in accord with
me. With due respect for the opinions of all others, I think that all will
agree that it will be something new to science when all authorities, pro-
fessors and others interested in Entomology become of one mind on this
subject.—S. T. Kemp, Elizabeth, N. J., March 16, 1900.
=0r
Doings of Societies.
A meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia was held March 22nd, Mr.
Philip Laurent, Director, in the chair, twelve persons being
present. The Secretary announced the death of Mr. Andrew
Bolter, a correspondent of the American Entomological Society,
who was elected August 14, 1865, and died March 18. Dr.
Calvert said the collection of Odonata gathered in Bolivia by
Mr. W. G. Gerhard and purchased from Mr. A. S. Weeks, was
particularly welcome and interesting. ‘The genus Thore was
well represented in species, many of them being new to the col-
lection. Dr. Skinner exhibited examples of the three-color
process of illustrating insects and explained the method of
producing them. The same speaker exhibited the coleoptera
he had collected in Colorado and Utah. Mr. Liebeck spoke of
the species of interest in the collection, specially mentioning
Gaurotes cressoni, Corymbites morulus and brewert, Cincindela
longilabris var. laurentii, Saxinis (represented by Saucia)
was said to be subtropical in distribution. ‘Three species of
Acmaodera were taken, ornata, variegata and pulchella, Lep-
/ura aspera is a Northwestern species. A tenebrionid, Caoc-
nemis dilaticollis, was considerably out of its ordinary range,
being a California species.
A specimen of Tomoptera edusa var. lunata was exhibited by
Mr. Laurent which had been accidentally denuded of most of
its scales in a symmetrical manner. Mr. W. R. Reinick was_
elected a member. Dr. HenRY SKINNER, Xecorder.
lr,” 1 Taal
Oe ae
1900] _ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 483
“A meeting of the American Entomological Society was held
Feb. 22d. Dr. P. P. Calvert, president, in the chair, ten per-
sons present. Dr. Calvert called attention to a publication, by
Kruger, on ‘‘ Insect Wanderings Into Germany and America.”
‘The preface was read and also extracts from the body of the
work. Dr. Skinner exhibited specimens of A7gynnis nitocris
cwrulescers, recently described by Dr. Holland. This is a
variety of the female, the males being identical. Dr. Smith
made an examination of the gentalia of zz¢ocr7s from Arizona,
and one of the specimens he had received from Dr. Holland,
which came from Mexico, and pronounced them different. Dr.
Skinner also stated that he had found considerable variation in
the same species of Visontades. Mr. Laurent said he had found
much variation in these characters in Pamphila peckius. Mr.
Reinick stated that he had found much variation in Lachno-
sterna, and many specimens could not be placed at all. Dr.
Calvert stated that organs that are much used are likely to
vary, and that in the Odonata these characters were not con-
sidered as valuable for specific separations:as formerly.
Dr.. HENRY SKINNER, Secretary.
At the March meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social, held
at the residence of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, 1523 South Thirteenth
street, thirteen members were present.
A letter from E. Lewis Reene, regarding collecting in Central
America, was read.
Prof. J. B. Smith gave a resume of the genera and species in
the former and coming editions of the /nsects of New Jersey. In
the Hymenoptera the greatest increase was shown, 645 species
having been added to the number in the earlier list.
The value of structural differences in the definition of genera
was discussed by Messrs. Smith and H. Wenzel.
Dr. H. Skinner stated that he is opposed to the wholesale
making of genera which had been carried on of late. He re-
ferred to the careless way in which genera have been described
‘and said a comparison with the fanua of the world should be
made before launching forth so-called new genera.
Prof. Smith referred to the difficulties in the way of system-
484 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May,
atists in attempting to make a comparison with exotic forms.
Collections of foreign insects are scarce and not very complete
in America, which makes comparisons almost impossible. He
did not agree with Dr. Skinner that a genus should have a
certain number of species, as many valid genera are founded
on single species.
Dr. Skinner believed that too many genera lessened the
utility of classification, and the nearer we approach to specific
names, which is done by division of species into genera, the
nearer we come to doing away with the binomial system, as in
the future specific names alone would be sufficient.
Mr. Johnson staied that as the work of classification in the
various orders is carried on in different lines he did not believe
the work done in the Diptera would have any bearing on that
in other orders. :
Dr. Skinner referred to the use of the costal fold as a generic
distinction in the Hesperidze, and stated that if this character-
istic is used he believed all with it should go in one genus and ©
those without it in another, instead of erecting many genera
with and without this fold.
Prof. Smith said this characteristic is a sexual one, and that
no genus should be founded without knowing the characters of
both sexes.
The subject was further discussed by Messrs. Johnson and
Smith. |
Mr. H. W. Wenzel gave the results of collecting from a dead
tree trunk at Merchantville, N. J. Specimens of Batrisus glo-
bosus and /schalia costata, had been found.
WILLIAM J. Fox, Secretary.
OBITUARY.
It is with sorrow and regret that we announce the death of
Mrs. Louise Fitz Randolph Gilbert, of Plainfield, N. J. Mrs.
Gilbert was interested in the Lepidoptera, and had an excel-
lent collection. Having congenial tastes, Mrs, Gilbert and
Mrs. F. O. Herring worked together in natural history. The
deceased was an intellectual and charming woman, and her
loss is keenly felt by a large circle of friends,
Nd
‘ODVWI ‘VOILSNY 3ouWdOLOUd
‘IX ‘OA ‘SSMAN “ING
Ent. News, Vol. XI.
PROTOPARCE RUSTICA, LARVA AND PUPA.
PUSEL
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
D
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
Os, Ds JUNE, 1900. No. 6.
CONTENTS:
Smyth—Larval Stage of Protoparce Coquillet—New Scenopinide......... 500
SUP CRE AWE oi ss oid ns v0 odsg S80 cereale 485 | Osborn—A Neglected Platymetopius.. 501
Snow and Mills—Destructive Diplosis Skinner & Satterthwait—Tineid Larva 502
of the Monterey Pine.............. 489. | Editorial’... 5. ccccce tens ccssccsesese se 504
Oslar—Habits and Capture of Agiale 495 | Entomological Literature............. 505
Ehrman—Capture of Platynus cauda- Notes and NewS........sccccescccceees 509
tus Lec., and Platynus larvalis Lec 499 | Doings of Societies..........+-..+-e00- 512
The Larval Stage of Protoparce rustica Fabr.
By Exuison A. Smyvru, Jr., Blacksburg, Va.
Although Protoparce rustica is well known in the moth state,
- there has been, so far as I can ascertain, no figure or descrip-
tion of the larva, since the fairly good figure and meagre
description given by Abbott in Vol. I, pl. 34 of ‘‘Abbott &
Smith’s Lep., Georgia.’’ Prof. John B. Smith, in his mono-
graph of the Sphingidz, makes a similar statement, adding
_that Burmeister gives a brief original description from Brazilian
specimens. Duncan’s description and plate in Naturalists’
Library, Vol. III, Clemen’s description, and all others that I
know of are copied from Abbott & Smith’s plate.
This is my apology for presenting, through the kind medium
of the ‘‘ News, ’’ the figures of three stages of the larva, with
descriptions of the larva and egg. Several times in the farther
South I have found the mature larva of rustica, but last Sum-
mer a number were obtained here, in Montgomery Co., Va.,
and from these the water-color sketches were made by the
author, from which sketches the plate here given has been
prepared, showing the larva in three stages, andthe pupa. Fig.
6
486 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June,
A, larva half grown before last moult; fig. B, full grown
after last moult ; fig. C, full grown, two days before pupation ;
and fig. D, pupa.
The larva found last Summer, several of which were full
grown and a number about half grown, were taken feeding
on common sunflower (//elianthus annuus). ‘The older speci-
mens ate the coarse leaves down to the leaf stalk, leaving only
short portions of the coarser veins. ‘They seemed’to feed at
all hours of the day, when well grown their weight causes
them to hang back downward from the leaves; the approxi-
mation of the ends of the oblique lateral stripes on the central
dorsal line was very protective in pattern, and the first were
found only by their excreta, tho’ I must have passed daily so
close under them as to almost brush them with my head, the
sunflower on which they were feeding being just at the en-
trance of my garden gate. After careful search I found one
egg, which failed to hatch. It was laid on the upper side of a
sunflower leaf, was four millemetres in lateral diameter, ver-
tical diameter a little less, being a flattened hemisphere in
shape, somewhat rounded underneath, depressed slightly above
in centre, and was of a clear transparent yellow-green.
The full grown larva, in the height of its developement after
last moult, is five and a half inches long when fully extended,
depth, dorso-ventrally, five-eights of an inch. Head rounded;
dark clear green; two clear blue stripes from summit of centre
of head in front diagonally down to basal outer corners of head.
First three segments yellowish green, lighter above, with two
dorso-lateral lines composed of whitish yellow tubercles tipped
with brown; these extend to beginning of fourth segment. A
dorsal greenish blue-white line along centre of first four seg-
ments. Remaining segment shade from light pea-green (after
quite yellow) down to dark clear blue-green below. From the -
line marking the beginning of the fourth segment and from a
point opposite the stigma of that segment, an oblique yellow-
white band, sharply cut, runs to near the top and rear of
fourth segment, continued on over fifth segment, and ending
in center of top of sixth, where it becomes nearly parallel with
its fellow from the other side; after entering fifth segment this
. 1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 487
band changes to pinkish white, fainter on top of sixth; on its
whole length it is sharply faced above with dark blue-purple
(varying in some specimens to blue-brown) which fades into
the light white-green of dorsum. ‘The remaining six lateral
oblique lines, are, mutatis mutandis, similarly arranged, only
that the yellow band is brighter and wider and the dark facing
above is more distinctly red-purple, than in the first line. The
last of these lateral oblique bands, the seventh, ends at the
base of the caudal horn, into the under portion of which the
yellow band fades. Between and under each of these seven
lateral bands, starting at beginning and near top of the last
segment which each band covers, is a greenish parallel line
converging with its fellow from the other side on the dorsum.
Caudal horn clear yellow-green covered with yellow dark-
tipped granulations. Anal lap edged with clear yellow-green.
The oval stigmata whitish buff, thinly edged with black, with
black central line. Rim of prolegs yellow, hooks black. True
legs buff, black jointed. A central greenish blue interrupted
dorsal line for whole length of body.
The half-grown larve are of a clearer yellow above the
rose-colored oblique lateral bands and abruptly blue-green
below the whitish yellow underfacing of same. ‘These lines
appear distinctly elevated, like ridges, up to the last moult.
Several days before pupation, the blue-green of the body
becomes a yellow-green and all the colors and markings less
distinct, the purple of the lateral stripes becoming a dirty green-
blue, and fading into colors above it, not sharply cut as in
earlier stage, and the larva becomes much stouter and some-
what shorter.
My larvee descended to the bottom of an 8 inch layer of sifted
earth in the cage, each making a compact broadly elliptical
cell, about four by two and one-half inches; the earth in the
cell-wall being so firmly pressed together that the cell retained
nearly its whole shape when the earth was turned out of the
jars.
The pupze that I obtained varied from two and 7-10 inches
to three inches in length, and from 7-10 to 34 inches in greatest
diameter (at far end of wing). ‘The ‘‘ tongue case’’ is very
488 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
stout, with a pear-shaped swelling at the free end, which
presses against the median ventral line about 54 of an inch
from anterior extremity of pupze, being much shorter and
stouter actually and in proportion to that of either carolina or
celeus. Along its sides, the ‘‘tongue case’’ is coarsely and
deeply marked with alternate, sharp file-like elevations and
depressions. The color is shining black-brown. —
Abbott gives the food plants as chionanthus, privet, and
lilac, all of the olive family. I have twice found the full-
grown larva on heliotrope, one of the Borraginaceze, and have
good evidence that they feed also on the crape myrtle (Lager-
stremia, one of the Lythraceze), and, as above stated, have
taken in numbers, from the egg up to full-grown larva, on
Flelianthus annuus, thus giving it a wide range of food plants.
The moth is not uncommon here, and is often taken at dusk
on honeysuckle; though it is by no means abundant. It comes
also to light, and I have taken fine specimens in my hall-way,
attracted by the electric light. In South Carolina I have taken
it abundantly on blossoms of ‘‘ jimson weed’’ ( Datura stram-
onium). On the wing, it is readily distinguishable from P?.
celeus by its larger size and more stately movements, lacking
the quick, restless, darting flight of ce/euws; while the readily
discernable white spaces aud maculations as well as its larger
size, distinguished it easily from the more uniformly colored and
smaller P. carolina, which resembles it more in manner of flight.
or
A $40-DOLLAR BuTTERFLY.—Entomologists went to Convent Garden
from all parts of the country, says the London G/obe, when the celebrated
collection of butterflies and moths made by the late Samuel Stevens,
F.L.S., F. E. S., was sold by his nephew, the well-known auctioneer. Mr.
Stevens had continued his work of collecting, breeding and buying for
sixty years, and many specimens are already historic, having come from
other noted collections. The prices established a record, The “large
copper”’ butterfly, long since become extinct, always attracts bidders, but
48, given for an exceptionally fine male, creates a record, and even for
one of the females £6 5s. was bid. A specimen of the common “ painted
lady’’ also fetched £8; while another of the same species cost its buyer
£6 10s. A handsome ‘red admiral,’’ which is perhaps nearly as often
seen as the ‘‘small tortoiseshell,’’ was sold for 45 10s., while a “ pea-
cock’’ with twenty eyes on its wings went for £5.
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 489
The Destructive Diplosis of the Monterey Pine.
By W. A. Snow and HELEN Mitts,
Stanford University, California.
PREFATORY NoteE—While the late W. A. Snow was en-
gaged as assistant and instructor in entomology at Stanford Uni-
versity, he discovered and began the careful study of a new
species of Dzplosis which was vigorously attacking the Mon-
terey Pines growing on the campus and in the neighborhood
of the University. The Monterey Pine (Pinus radiata Don.
and the Monterey Cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw.)
are the conifers most abundantly used as ornamental trees in
the grounds and parks of the residents of the San Francisco
peninsula. The new JD7flosis is the most formidable pest
which the Monterey Pine has to struggle against, and it is
still a question, despite the beneficial activity of certain para-
sites of the midge, whether the pest may not succeed in killing
many of the splendid trees of the region. The pest is ex-
tremely abundant, thousands of trees being attacked, and
most of the infested trees harboring myriads of the insects.
Mr. Snow began his observations in November, 1897, and
continued them until March, 1899. Since that time Miss
Helen Mills, student in the department, has continued the.
study of the pest. Mr. Snow’s long-continued careful obser-
vation and study of the insect, resulted in the nearly complete
working out of its extremely interesting life history. With
characteristic thoroughness Mr. Snow extended his work to
include a valuable compilation of facts regarding the already
known pine midges of this country and Europe. He also
interested a botanist, Mr. Cannon, assistant in the University,
in the character of the deformation of the plant tissue, and a
careful study was made by Mr. Cannon of the pathologic
phenomena in the growing buds and needles due to the pres-
ence of the irritating and food taking pest (an account
published elsewhere). Mr. Snow’s sad death (by drowning
in San Francisco Bay, Oct. 10, 1899) leaves unpublished any
reference at all to this last undertaking in his career as a
student of entomology. In fairness to his memory and in fair-
490 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
ness to entomologists there should be published some adequate
account of this last investigation. But the editing of the mass
of notes at hand is a task Iam, at present, unable to under-
take. The best I can do is to offer this briefest abstract of the
life history of the new pest together with a description of it, re-
vised by Dr. S. W. Williston. In making this abstract Miss
Mill’s notes have been also referred to, and the drawings were
made by her.—VERNON L. KELLOGG.
In the fall of 1896 certain of the Montery Pines (Pinus rad-
zata Don.) on the campus at Stanford were noticed to have
their needles shortened and swollen at the base. The injury
appeared to be such as might have come about through a sudden
retarding of the growth of the needles. In the Autumn of 1897
the injury to the pines was widespread and very noticeable.
Examination of the stunted and swollen needles revealed
Cecidomid larvee lying at the bases of these needles, and the
injury was definitely traced to them. The first adults were
obtained in the laboratory Jan. 12, 1898, from affected branches _
brought to the laboratory a month before. The adults were
found to be an undescribed species of Dzp/osts related to the
already known half dozen species of Dzflosts known to attack
the pine trees of Europe and America.
The eggs (fig. 1, e) are smooth and elliptical, and light
yellow in color changing to orange-yellow as the embryo de-
velopes within. ‘The female moves about over a terminal bud
attempting at intervals to thrust her long flexible ovipositor in
between the scales. When successful she deposits from 2 to
24 eggs in mass, ‘The ovipositor is sometimes bent like a bow
by the efforts of the insect to force apart the scales of the buds.
Not infrequently females would be found caught and held by
the pressure of the scales on the ovipositor. The egg stage
is about two weeks, ‘The female dies soon after oviposition.
The larve (fig. 1, 1) immediately after issuing from the
eggs make their way into the basal part of the bud and remain
in there. ‘The body is broadly elliptical and reddish yellow in
color and when full grown is from 1 mm, to 1.5 mm, long.
The breastbone (fig. 1, b, b), well chitinized in the older
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 491
stages, is not visible in newly-hatched specimens. None of the
abdominal segments bear nipple-like spiracles. ‘The skin is
covered with fine spinules. When ready to pupate the larva
usually spins a thin oval cocoon. Sometimes it does not. The
larvee pupate within the deformed buds. The duration of the
larval stage is ten or eleven months.
The pupe (fig. 1, p) are of the same general color as the
larvee, the thoracic region of the body being darker. The
body is covered with cuticular spinules as in the larva. The
breathing-tubes are non-segmented and are slightly folded
over atthe top. The duration of the pupal stage is three or
four weeks.
Adult.
Diplosis pini-radiate n. sp.
Male (fig. 2). —Antennz slender, a little shorter than the body, yellow
or brownish yellow, the basal and terminal joint darker ; basal joint large ;
second joint smaller, more globular, sessile ; remainder of antennz with
twenty-four spheroidal dilatations, the terminal one more conical, and with
a suture separating the minute terminal joint ; petioles slender, about as
long as the dilatations proximally, proportionally a little longer distally ;
the swellings decrease in size uniformly and gently, each with a verticil of
black hair and a circle of shorter, yellowish looped filiments more dis-
tally. Head deep brown or black. Mesonotum dark reddish brown or
blackish, somewhat whitish pruinose, and with three rows of dusky hairs.
Pleurze above, and the scutellum reddish. Abdomen obscurely reddish
brown or black, with rather long, blackish hairs. Legs yellow or yel-
lowish, with close-lying, for the most part, black hairs, and longer,
chiefly white hairs, especially upon the tibiz and tarsi ; tip of tibize and tarsi
usually brownish. Wings greyish hyaline, with blackish hairs along the
costa, and a fringe of longer dark hairs along the posterior margin. The
first vein terminates near the middle, the third at the extreme tip of the
wing, the latter strongly convex ; origin of third vein indistinct ; wings
rather slender.
Female (fig. 3.).—Basal joints of antennz as in the male, the twelve dila-
tations are more elongate cylindrical, the petioles much shorter; the
dilatations are more slender distally and show here slight constrictions.
Mesonotum usually less deeply colored, the upper part of the pleurze and
the scutellum yellow or yellowish. Abdomen red, the basal segments
above obscurely marked with brown or black hair, loose, abundant and
long ; Ovipositor usually protruding about .as far as the length of the
body.
Five males and five females, No. 232, Leland Standford University,
June, 1899.
492 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
There seems to be but one generation a year. Adults begin
to issue about the middle of January and continue to appear
until the first of March. Egg-laying proceeds all through
this time, and old larvae and pupz may also be found all
through this period (no larvee towards the end of the period).
The eggs hatch in about two weeks and these larve lie in the
bases of the fascicles of needles all through the Summer and
Autumn and early Winter not pupating until December. The
adults issue in a few weeks and the life cycle is rebegun.
The character and extent of the injury caused by the insect
make of it a serious pest. The number of larve lying in the
bases of the fascicles is sufficient to completely stunt and de-
form all the needles of the fascicle. On a single tree three-
fourths of the fascicles may be thus injured. This practical
denudation of the tree may be repeated several times. It is
simply a matter of how many such denudations the tree can
withstand. Plate XII, made from a photograph of an unat-
tacked branch and a seriously attacked branch, shows better
than words can explain the effective character of the pest’s
injuries.
Fortunately several natural enemies of the pest are at work,
and in many places have done much to dissipate the threatened
danger. /olygonotus diplosidis, previously found as a parasite
of Diplosis pini-inopis O. S. (scrub-pine in New Jersey), anda
mite very like Pediculoides ventricosus (referred to by Marlatt
as an efficient agent in the destruction of the eggs of Cicada),
are both doing good work. ‘The mite feeds on eggs, larvee and
pupze indiscriminately. It attaches itself by its mouth-parts
and forelegs to a larva and clings to it until the death
of the larva. The usual predaceous insects, such as the
larvee of Hemerobius and Chrysopa, the larvee and adults of sev-
eral Coccinellids and the nymphs of certain Reduviidee are all
to be found on the pines and probably help in fighting the
pest. The Ruby-crowned Kinglet has been observed to eat
many of the midges. The birds pick off the females while
they are on the buds ovipositing.
The pest is not confined to the Monterey Pine (Pinus radiata),
but has been taken from the following species of Pinus : tudber-
Ent. News, Vol. XI.
RY
PT,
¢ :
D, FLoris PIN! RADIATA. €&, EGGs. 1, LARVA. 8B, BREST-BONE. M, LARVAL MOUTH-PARTS.
P, PuPA. A, MONTEREY PINE, NORMAL.
B, MONTEREY PINE, INJURED.
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 493
culata, muricata, sabiniana, coulteri and sylvestris. Pinus sylves-
tris is an European species and is attacked in Europe by three
species of Diplosis, viz., D. Pint, brachyntera and signata. But
all of these pines are attacked but slightly compared with radi-
ata. As regards the geographical distribution of the pest,
it has been found abundantly at Stanford University, at Menlo
Park (a village only two miles away), and in small numbers at
a number of other places on the San Francisco peninsula and in
the Santa Clara valley. But its center of distribution is evi-
dently the extensive groves of Monterey Pine on the Stanford
ranch (University campus) and neighboring extensive grounds
of the residents of Menlo Park.
In the Golden Gate Park at San Francisco apparently the
same species of Dzp/osis was found in February and March,
1897. Many specimens of eggs, larvee, pupze and adults were
obtained and examined but, strangely, there was no shorten-
ing or swelling of the needles’of the attacked fascicles, although
the needles turned yellow. ‘The larvee were situated always
near the base of the needles. ‘The characteristic deformation
of the needles on the affected trees at Stanford was always
present whatever the species of pine. But here in Golden Gate
Park, 35 miles distant from Stanford, the Monterey Pines,
although attacked by apparently the same pest, do not show
the deformation. [One of Mr. Snow’s notes touching the
identity of the flies from the two places is: ‘*March 2;
Golden Gate Park flies issuing in laboratory ; they look for
all the world like our Déf/oszs here. Don’t understand this. ]
There are several species of Dzplosis which attack the
needles of various species of pine in this country and Europe.
These are Diplosis brachyntera, D. signata and D. pint on the
European Pinus sylvestris; D. pini-inopis on the Jersey or scrub
pine, Pinus inopis,;, D. brachynteroides, also on P. inopis, and
D. pini-rigide on the American pitch pine, P. rigida.
Diplosis pint differs from our Monterey Pine species in that
the larva bears upon its back two rows of setiferous fleshy proc-
esses orcaruncles. They do not cause gall-like swellings at the
‘bases of the needles. The joints of the male antennz are
double and the ovipositor of the female is short. ‘This Euro-
494 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
pean species and another, Diplosis pini-maritime, and the
American Diplosis pini-inopis Osten Sacken (which that author
says may be the same as D. pinz), pupate out upon the needles
in a resinous cocoon. ‘The Montery Pine fly never pupates out
upon the needles and its cocoon is made of the fibres and is
spun by the insect.
Diplosis brachyntera of Europe has upon the,back of its
larva ‘‘ Dornwarzchen”’ or thorn papilla. The larva live be-
tween the needles which are stunted but not swollen at their
base, and pupation takes place in the ground. In these points
it differs from the present insect.
Diplosis brachynteroides O. S. is described only from the
deformations produced by the larvee which, though on the east-
ern scrub pine, are similar to those on the Monterey Pine,
except that the needles strongly diverge, which they are not
caused to do in the present case. To his rather inadequate
description Osten Sacken adds the supposition that the larvze
pupate in the ground, since he saw some individuals caught in.
a spiders’ web apparently as they journeyed toward the ground.
The European Dizflosis signata is distinctly different from
our species, and it will be sufficient to say that the antennze of
the male are composed of alternate single and double joints.
Dr. Packard’s description of his Dzplosi pini-rigide from the
pitch pine of the Northeastern States is drawn very vaguely,
but it undoubtedly strongly resembles the present species. The |
chief differences are apparently as follows: In Packard’s
species the larve lie between the two inner needles of the
whirl while the third or outer needle is frequently not swollen.
The larvz ascend to the terminal buds before pupation and
there construct a cocoon of the pitch which exudes from
these buds. ‘‘ His statement that there are two broods may be
disputed, I believe. In his description he has mistaken the
origin of the third vein for the cross vein.’’—(SNow. )
——,
Mr. H. K. Burrison will go to the Yellowstone Park this Summer to
collect. He states that he was compelled to pay duty recently on some
butterflies and the New York Custom House classified them as ‘‘a non-
enumerated manufactured article’’ and asked twenty per cent duty but
finally accepted ten per cent,
baa RLY
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 495
Some Notes on the Habits and Capture of Aegiale
- streckeri Skinner.*
By Ernest J. OsLAR, Denver, Colorado.
Owing to very little being known of the habits of this inter-
esting and beautiful species of -7gza/e and of its rarity in col-
lections, I thought it would be of interest to readers of ENTo-
MOLOGICAL NEws to give a few facts in regard to its character-
istics and environments, which the writer had the pleasure of
observing in the past season during a three months collecting
tour in the southwest corner of Colorado.
I found it extremely difficult of approach and capture, in
fact, it was without exception the most difficult of all diurnals
that it has ever been my lot to tackle. I found it an utter
impossibility to capture it in the hot mid-day sunshine, owing
to its continuous very swift flight, circling around a large area,
which it seemed to delight in keeping up for hours, pausing
for a few seconds once in a great while to rest on a rock, and
before one could get within striking distance it would shoot up
again like a sky-rocket, emitting a peculiar snapping-like sound
similar to a large species of black underwing grasshopper that
is found throughout the the Rocky Mountain region. Another
difficulty attending its capture was the rough nature of the
locality in which it made its haunts, being on the slope of a
steep foothill, covered with small rocks and boulders, cacti,
yuccee and sage brush, that led up to the top of what is called
the Florida Mesa, situated twenty miles east of Durango, Colo-
rado. By exercising a little patience and keeping myself out
of sight in the shade of a large sage brush, from which I could
observe their movements, I was rewarded by the discovery of
two important facts, which materially aided me in making their
capture. The first thing that attracted my attention was, that
only the males were on the wing during the hot sunshine, and
the females remained concealed in the shade, settled with closed
wings on the main stem of the sage brush during the day, and
only flew when disturbed, and then only to a short distance to
alight on another sage brush.
* See Ent. News, Vol. xi, oi: 2, Fig. 27.
496 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
To capture them in that position was an impossibility, for
not only did you run the risk of ripping your net all to pieces,
but loosing your quarry in the bargain. ;
I had been told by a celebrated collector, who has made
annual trips to this State for a number of years, that he had
once taken A. yucce, var. coloradensis, without any trouble,
by getting up in the early morning before sunrise, when he
found them clinging to the stem of the yucce asleep; all he
had to do was to pick them off with his finger and thumb and
put them in his killing bottle.
Profiting by such information, I undertook to try it myself,
so taking blankets and supplies along I camped on the spot for
three days and nights, where I had previously located strecker7.
I may add, right here, the scheme did not work at all in this
instance, but I was rewarded for my trouble in another unex-
pected way.
What I did discover, however, proved conclusively that 4.
streckeri in habits is as much a moth as a butterfly.
While sitting quietly by my camp-fire waiting for water to
boil to make coffee, the sun having not long gone over the La
Plata range in the dim distance, my attention was drawn by a
loud humming sound that seemed to come from all around me.
Upon investigation, to my great astonishment, I saw numbers
of 9° strekeri flitting in and out and among the sage brush and
yuccze, each bent upon seeking a suitable yuccze plant to deposit
her eggs on. Even at this late hour of the day I found them
very alert and wary, and they seemed readily able to detect my
presence and avoid me whenever I attempted a move to make
a capture.
I found the most successful modus operandi to adopt to effect
their capture was to follow one cautiously as it flitted from one
yuccze plant to another and get up to it as near as possible so
as to be within striking distance the moment it paused on the
spine of a yuccze to deposit its egg. During the process of egg
laying its wings still continued to be in motion similar to a hawk
moth, and it took but a few seconds to deposit its single egg.
It would then detach itself suddenly from the yuccee with a
snapping sound and continue its search for another suitable
sab rc ela - A ie fond ee
eT eee, RN Oe, CRN ~ POs, eae oe aia aie aan
wens Ro al a a ad at ath
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 497
yuccze and which it seemed to be very particular and fastidious
in choosing. I noticed it always selected a small and young
plant that grew apart by itself from the larger groups or clumps
of yucce.
I may add, I continued to hunt and capture specimens until
it became too dark to see them, but long after I had returned
to camp I could hear them humming around me, proving,
beyond doubt, they are as much nocturnal as diurnal in their
habits.
I first discovered strekeri on May 27, 1899, but it was evident
they had been out some time prior to that date, the first lot taken
being all more or less battered and worn, but the second time I
visited the spot, which was a week later, a fresh crop of perfect
specimens was then just out. I continued the visits weekly till
first week in July ; by that time all had disappeared. I found
it difficult to secure perfect specimens after netting them, as
once in the net they made a tremendous fight for liberty. In
bottling them in the ordinary way while in the net, the method
applied to all the Hesperidz, I found useless, as by the time
the cyanide had taken effect the specimen was worthless. After
experimenting with a number of things for quick killing, I found
the most effectual and the method giving the hest results, was
to have in readiness a small glass syringe charged with sul-
phuric ether. By cornering the specimen as quickly as pos-
sible the syringe could be used, which instantly gave the speci-
men its quietus ; a strongly charged cyanide bottle did the rest.
It was by accident I came across A. streckeri, the first speci-
men I secured had been run over by a buggy and was a 9, it
had evidently strayed away from its haunts, for it was five
miles away from where I afterwards found them in quantities,
and only at the one spot. After sending it on to Dr. Skinner
for identification, he wrote me, ‘‘I had struck a mighty good
thing, and that very few collectors had strecker7 in their col-
lections, and only one ? was in any collection.’’
Such a statement practically proves that A. streckeri is noc-
turnal, at least the females are. I never took or sawa male in
the evening, and no one I presume ever thought of looking for
the species in the evening, hence this accounts for the fact that
498 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
only one female had been taken. In my case, the greater
number of specimens I took and saw were females. ‘This is
another illustration and proof that clinches the saying, ‘‘ that
nothing is rare when you know when and where to find it.’’
The species of the genus giale are, without doubt, ex-
tremely local, which certainly cannot be accounted for by lack
of food plant, as the soap weed or yucce is to be seen in quan-
tities throughout this State, yet it is only in widely separated
spots that the genus gzale occurs.
WE have recently had a pleasant visit from Mr. August Busch of The
U.S. Dept. Agric. who was studying specimens in the Coll. of the Amer-
ican Entomological Society.
Pror. W. G. JouHnson, of College Park, Md., states that his article in
the May NEws on certain mites did not appear in print coincidentally with
the mites. The mites are expected to reappear about June g, 1900. Those
wishing specimens of the mites will please take notice.
Bucs CALLED OuT FIREMEN.—A cloud of bugs was responsible for
the calling out of the Trenton, N. J., Fire Department last night (May
1st). The bugs were gathered around the steeple of the Fourth Presby-
terian Church in such numbers and at such a distance from the ground
that a passer-by mistook them for smoke and sent in an alarm. When
the Fire Departmént arrived on the scene, Chief Allen, with the aid of a
field glass, discovered the mistake, and the fire companies returned to
their houses.—Philadelphia Record, May 3, 1900.
IpentTITy OF Hlemaris tenuis and Hemaris diffinis. As soon as my
Hemaris tenuis emerge, I shall be ready with my notes on the identity of
tenuis and diffinis. Lam sure that fenuts, diffinis, uniformis, thysbe, are the
same, in other words, that the Winter pupz, from mid-Summer larve give
the even-margined, whitish yellow /enu7s and eggs of /enuts, give the late
Spring and early Summer larve, which produce in July, difinzs in all
gradations from whitish, even-margined /enuis to reddish yellow serrate
diffinis, and also Strecker’s forms, ethra, These are my observations
for three years, which I confidently expect to see verified finally by my
concluding test of last Summer’s brood from eggs of typical difinis in
numbers (seventy odd), which should produce ¢/enuis this Spring. This
last test is simply to verify and check the same observations of two former
seasons, only it has been made with scrupulous care. The Spring and
late Summer larva show no differences in any particular, and the food
plant is, of course, the same. TZyriosleum perfoliatum, one of. the
Caprifoliaceaz.—E vison A. SmMytH, JR., Blacksburg, Va.
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. , 499
The Capture of Platynus caudatus Lec., and Platy-
nus larvalis Lec., in Western Pennsylvania.
By GrorGE A. EHRMAN, Pittsburg, Pa.
Dr. LeConte, in his Descriptions of New Species of North
American Coleoptera, Pt. 1, published by the Smithsonian
Institute, 1866, on page 7, describes Platynus caudatus, and he
gives Western States as the habitat of this odd and rare beetle.
Now what I would understand by this record would be
that large expanse west of the Mississippi River. Or, if the
student of geography wishes to restrict the area, those States
west of the Rocky Mountains or great divide; but, be it what
it will, I will leave it for the reader to decide, and if Dr.
Leconte is correct in the habitat of this species it certainly has
a wide area of distribution.
In referring to the late Dr. John Hamilton’s catalogue of the
Coleoptera of Southwestern Pennsylvania, page 350, the Doctor
says: ‘‘One example, Jeannette, Pa.;’’ and again on. page
379 of the same work he gives it in these words: ‘‘One
fine example of this rare species, etc., taken by Mr. H.
Klages near Pittsburg.’’ In these two passages the Doctor is
mistaken, as I captured this specimen in one of my favorite
collecting grounds—Bird’s Hollow, near Pittsburg. In refer-
ing to my note book of 1891 I find the following entry :
‘* Platynus sp? Taken ina moist stony depression on the
east side of Bird’s Hollow. The specimen seems to be imma-
ture, as it is very pale in color ‘and the least touch dents the
elytra. The species is very active, more so than any other
species that I have met with in life.’’
Furthermore, I brought the specimen home alive and kept
it in captivity for four days, thinking that by age it would
become darker and harder. In this supposition I was mistaken.
I then put it in my cyanide jar, after which it was properly
mounted with locality and date affixed. Not long after, I had
an occasion to go to Allegheny and called to see Dr. Hamilton.
I brought my doubtful Platynus with me and asked the Doc-
tor for an explanation about the peculiarity of my odd Platynus.
In looking it up the Doctor found that the species was lack-
500 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
ing in his collection. 1 then donated this rare insect to the
Doctor’s collection, as I knew he was working on a catalogue
of the Coleoptera of Southwestern Pennsylvania. Before I
left the Doctor’s home that evening I knew the name of the
odd as well as rare Platynus and promised the gentleman that
I would keep a look out for more. So far I have found no
other, nor do I know of any other person taking it here, and it
still remains the only specimen in the Hamilton collection,
which is now in the Carnegie Museum.
Platynus larvalis Leconte. During my collecting in Brown’s
wood on July 31, 1899, I captured a fine specimen of this
strange as well as rare beetle, and as far as the writer’s knowl-
edge is concerned it is the first specimen taken in this part of
Pennsylvania. This species in life is far less active than P.
caudatus, and though bearing a superficial resemblance to it, is
entirely distinct. The specimen was found in a dryer situation
where the soil was composed of dry leaves and leaf mould.
<0>
or
New Scenopinidae from the United States.
By D. W. CoguiLLet, Washington, D. C.
Our three genera separate as follows :
1. First posterior cell closed and petiolate, second submarginal cell at .
least three times as long as distance between apices of third
vein and of its anterior branch ; , . 2
First posterior cell open, second submarginal cell vee tian twice as
long as distance, etc. . * : ; . Scenopinus Latr.
2. Body short and robust, bearing numerous scales (type Scenopinus
bulbosus O. S.) ’ ‘ : : Metatrichia n. gen.
Body elongate and slender, destituie of scales Pseudatrichia O. S.
Psendatrichia unicolorn.sp. Black ; apices of knobs of halteres white,
legs yellow ; apices of tarsi, of hind femora and both ends of hind tibize
brownish ; front polished ; mesonotum opaque, with rather coarse reticula-
tions ; abdomen opaque, the first, fifth and following segments polished ;
wings hyaline ; veins brown, last two sections of third vein subequal in
length ; costal and subcostal cells brown, an elongate yellowish spot
between apices of auxiliary and of first veins ; length 6 mm.
Las Vegas, N. Mex. (T. D. A. Cockerell, July 19), and
Colorado, Two male specimens. Type No. 4711, U. S.
National Museum.
—
*
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 501
Pseudatrichia griseola n. sp. Head yellow, opaque, gray, pruinose ;
upper part of occiput and the antennz black ; proboscis and palpi yellow:;
thorax black, opaque, densely gray pruinose ; the humeri and spots on
the pleura yellow ; scutellum yellow, marked with a median brown vitta ;
abdomen yellowish, subopaque ; knobs of halteres and the legs yellow-
ish ; wings hyaline ; veins yéllow ; last section of third vein less than one-
half as long as the preceding section ; length 3 to 4 mm.
Mesilla, N. Mex. (T. D. A. Cockerell, May 25, 1897),
and Los Angeles Co., Cal. A pair from the latter locality, cap-
tured by the writer, were resting on the bare ground like a
Thereva. 'Two males and one female. Type No. 4712, U.S.
National Museum.
A Neglected Platymetopius.
By HERBERT OSBORN, Ohio State Univer., Columbus, O.
Platymetopius hyalinus n. sp.
Elytra hyaline with dark points and fuscous bands arranged, one sub-
basal, one median and one sub-apical. Face bright sulphur yellow,
vertex, pronotum, and scutellum yellow with some infuscation or greenish
washes. Length 2 5.5 mm.; o' 4.25 mm.
Vertex acute, nearly twice as long as width at base, slightly less acute
and produced in male, anteriorly depressed and with a conspicuous
median impressed line running from base to tip. Front narrow, clypeus
widening to apex, lorz almost a half-circle, genze evenly rounded. Pro-
thorax of usual form, sides short, posterior edge very slightly emarginate
at center. Elytra hyaline, without veinlets or narrow lines, the nerves
conspicuous, but one transverse vein between second and third sector.
Color: vertex yellow, more or less infuscated, the females showing
a yellow wedge anteriorly, the males with deeper infuscation but having a
marginal and anterior median stripe lighter. Face clear yellow with
a marginal fuscous line just beneath margin of vertex, the margin of
cheeks becoming somewhat greenish. Prothorax greenish yellow with
slight trace of fuscous anteriorly in Q and faint milky irrorations in <.
Elytral nervures fulvous in 9, palerin(’. Three fairly distinct transverse
bands of fuscous spots, one, midway on clavus and including first trans-
verse vein consists of transverse fuscous spots behind which to tip, of cell
is asmoky patch. The middle band includes a distinct black point at tip
of clavus and on the nodal vein. The subapical band includes the ante-
apical transverse veins, the inner and outer of which are black, the
fuscous points appearing in outer and middle anteapical cells in proximal
part of three apical cells, those in the outer and middle apical cells forming
a broken circle. Pectus black with yellow borders on coxal and pleural
pieces. Abdomen above black on disk in female, with yellow border and
6*
as . a : ‘
502 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
apex, in male black with marginal yellow spots. Beneath light yellow in
female, black in male. Legs yellow with black points at base of spines.
Genitalia: Female, last ventral segment very much produced, reaching
nearly half the length of the pygofer, tapering to a rounded point.
Pygofer broad with a black spot near apex and a few short yellow bristles.
Ovipositor equalling pygofer, black, with pale tip.
Male, valve triangular with an acute median tooth. Plates narrow
elongate with the tips curving dorsad in two large hooks, which in normal
position would be included between the edges of the pygofer. In all
specimens in hand, however, the plates are bent backward on venter,
exposing their inner face, and one specimen still in the position of com-
plete coitus shows the plates caught upon the point of the greatly elong-
ated female ventral segment and pushed over against the abdomen, In
all specimens in hand it would appear that the position given the plates
during copulation had been retained when the specimens were killed.
Described from five females and four males collected in
Washington, D. C., June, 1897, by Mr. J. S. Hine, who states
that they were very abundant upon an introduced species of
maple. It seems strange that the species should have been
so long overlooked if a native form ; and, as suggested by Mr.
Hine, it may be an introduced species brought with some
of the-exotic plants. If soit would still seem to have escaped
the vigilance of the descriptive entomologist, as it can not be
referred to any described species.
How a little Tineid Larva lives on what is left of a big
Cecropia Caterpillar.
By HENRY SKINNER and ALFRED F. SATTERTHWAIT.
Mr. H. W. Wenzel, while looking for Pselaphidee and Scyd-
menidz, can’t go by other natural history objects, as his is a
case of atavism. His father and grandfather were naturalists,
and he has two sons enthusiastically following in their father’s
footsteps. While collecting these minute Coleoptera, he also
collected for us a goodly number of cecropia cocoons, ‘These
cocoons were sorted over and divided into the heavy ones and
light weight ones. The heavy ones contained living cecropia
chrysalids and Ophion macrurum cocoons, and the light ones
larva killed by fungi, dipterous and hymenopterous parasites
or by other causes. We were surprised to find in the inner
1900 ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 503
cocoon of one of these light weight ones about tem cocoons of
a Tineid. The cecropia cocoon was a fresh one and evidently
spun last fall along with the other cocoons, which have since
disclosed imagos of cecropia. It contained a dead cecropia larva
on which the Tineid caterpillars had fed. It was covered with
silk and frass from the little micros.
The little female Tineid was evidently able to tell that the
_ big cocoon contained a dead giant on which her progeny could
live and flourish, so she deposited her eggs at the small end of
the cecropia cocoon and the little caterpillars on hatching either
worked their way through the loose strands of silk at this
place or else actually ate their way to the dead cecropza larva.
After becoming full grown some of the Tineid larvee ate their
way through the inner cocoon and spun up between the inner
and outer cocoons of the cecropia. Several also perforated the
outer cocoon evidently for the purpose of making an exit for
the imagos of the Tineid. We reared a number of the little
moth and sent one to Dr. W. G. Dietz who pronounced it to be
Tinea fuscipunctela Haw. We also found another cecropia
cocoon that had several of the micro cocoons in the dead pupa.
a
>
SYNCHLOE LACINIA.—The larve of this species are very common in
the Mesilla Valley, New Mexico, on Helianthus annuus, For a long time
I thought they would live on no other plant, but on Aug. 15, 1897, I found
them on Helianthus cilialis, and also a few on Xanthium canadense. On
Aug. 23 of the same year, at Mesilla, I found a few larve on Polypteris
hookeriana. The species, therefore, has four known food-plants, all
composite. The image is preyed upon by the bug Phymata fasciata.
Another sunflower insect, the beetle Copturodes cockerelli Casey, was
found to occur also on Xanthium canadense at Mesilla.—T. D. A.
COCKERELL.
THE UNIVERsITy oF ILLINoIs has fallen heir to the Bolter collection of
insects, numbering approximately fifteen thousand species, represented
by about seventy thousand specimens, besides thirty thousand duplicates
not in the systematic collection. This collection, accumulated during the
last fifty years by the late Andreas Bolter, a business man of Chicago, is
remarkable for the excellence of the material and for the excellent care
with which it has been prepared and arranged. It represents all orders
of insects and North America in general, and contains also a considerable
amount of exotic material. The gift was made by the executors of Mr.
Bolter, in accordance with the terms of his will, conditional upon its
maintenance as a unit, under the name of the ‘‘ Bolter Collection of In-
sects,” in a fire-proof building.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items
of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given
in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] ;
To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our
earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep-
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL News has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer-
ence, as to make it necessary to put ‘‘ copy ”’ into the hands of the printer, for each num-
ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or
important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘ extras,” without change in form,
will be given free, when they are wanted ; and this should be so stated on the MS., along
with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—Ep.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., JUNE, 1900.
The collecting season is now well inaugurated and a few
words on the proper methods of work may not be amiss. In-
stead of collecting for the pleasure of seeing your captures
neatly arranged in rows in the cabinet, take up some problem
in entomology and study it toa conclusion. ‘There are many of
our common species about which we know nothing of their
earlier stages, and those persons living in the country could do
excellent scientific work by studying.and describing them. If
each person would take up a season’s work of this kind the
aggregate at the end of the Summer months would be surprising.
The study of seasonal variation is also most interesting, and to
do this intelligently all specimens should have accurate data on
the pins. Another field of work is the study of geographical
variation ; therefore collect large series and exchange with
your friends and correspondents. Even common species may
be forced to tell interesting stories in this respect. For in-
stance, is not the Colias philodice of the East the same as the
sulphur butterfly of the West, which goes under another name ?
Let each entomologist this Summer take up a season’s work
and publish the result in the News.
CorRECTION.—In the News for May, 1900, page 455, under Z. Calverti,
third long primer line, read ‘‘ bright blue /ema/es,’’ instead of ‘‘ males.’”
Page 458, under 5S. madidum add ‘‘a single teneral male.”’
594
:
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 505
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY P. P. CALVERT.
Under the above head it is intended to mention papers received at the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North
and South). Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted. Contribu-
tions to the anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, relating to Ameri-
can or exotic species, will be recorded. The numbers in HEAVY-FACED TYPE refer to the
journals, as numbered in the following list, in which the papers are published ; * denotes
that the paper in question contains descriptions of new North American forms. Titles ofall
articles in foreign languages are translated into English; usually such articles are written
in thesame language asthetitle of thejournal containing them, but when such articles arein
other languages than English, French, German or Italian, this fact is indicated in brackets.
3. The American Naturalist, Boston, May, 1900.--4. The Canadian
Entomologist, London, Ont., May, 1900.—&. Psyche, Cambridge, Mass.,
May, 1900.—-11. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London,
April, 1900.—15,. Biologia Centrali-Americana, London, pt. cliv, Mar.,
1goo, rec’d. May 8.—22. Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipsic, Apr. 9, 1900.
—365. Annales, Société Entomologique de Belgique, xliv, 3, Brussels,
Mar. 29, 1900.—36. Transactions, Entomological Society of London,
Igoo, pt. 1, April 26.—40. Societas Entomologica, Ziirich-Hottingen,
April 15, 1900.—44. Verhandlungen, zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft
in Wien, |, 2-3, April 6, 1900.—78. The Gardeners’ Chronicle, London,
1900.—81. Biologisches Centralblatt, Erlangen, 1900.—128. Proceed-
ings, Linnean Society of New South Wales, 1899, pt. iv, Sydney, April
7, 1900.
THE GENERAL SUBJECT.—Absolon, K. Some remarks
on the Moravian cave-fauna, 22.—B. The odor of flowers and insects,
Wiener Illustrirte Garten Zeitung, April, 1900.—Cholodkovsky, N.
On the life cycle of the species of Chermes and the general questions
connected therewith, 81, April 15.—Cockerell, T, D. A. The lower
and middle Sonoran zones in Arizona and New Mexico, 3.—Duncker,
G. Methods of Variation-statistics, $1, April 1—Handlirsch, A. The
use of superfluous spermatozoa in the female insect, a notice of the
latest work of A. Berlese, figs., 44.—Plateau, F. New researches on
the relations between insects and flowers: 2. The choice of colors by
insects. Memoires, Société Zoologique de France, xii, Paris, 1899.—
Schiller-Tietz. The supposed parthenogenesis in the honey bee, Natur-
wissenschaftliche Wochenschrift, Berlin, April 8, 1900.—Smith, J. B.
See review, fost.—Walton, L. B. The basal segments of the hexapod
leg, figs, 3.—Wood, J. H. On the larve, habits, and structure of
Lithocolletes concomitella Bankes, and its nearest allies (cont.) : Biologi-
cal aspects, Entomologists’ Monthly Magazine, London, May, 1900.
ECONOMIC EN'TOMOLOGY.— Alwood, W. B. Spraying
the orchard, figs., Bulletin No. 100, Virginia Agric. Exper. Station,
Blacksburg, Va., May, 1899, rec’d. May, 1900.—Anon. Report of the
Malaria Expedition to Sierra Leone, Nature, London, April 26, 1900.—
506 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.. [June,
Anon. The study of ticks and the diseases caused by them, New York
Medical Journal, May 12, 1900.—Beach, S. A. Lowe, V. H., and
Stewart, F. C. Common diseases and insects injurious to fruits, figs.
Bulletin 170, New York Agric. Exper. Station, Geneva, N. Y., Dec., ’99.
—Chittenden, F. H. Some insects injurious to garden crops, figs.
Bulletin 23, new series, U. S. Depart. Agric. Division of Entomology,
Washington, 1900.—Cockerell, T. D. A. Some insect pests of Salt.
River valley [Arizona] and the remedies for them, Bulletin 32, Arizona
Agric. Exper. Station, Tucson, Arizona, Dec., 1899.—Felt,; E. P. Insects
injurious to forest trees. Extract from Fourth Annual Report of the
Commissioners of Fisheries, Game and Forests of the State of New
York. 1898. 4to., 23 pp., figs., 3 col. pls. Rec’d. April 30, 1900.—
Fernald, C. H. Report of the Entomotogist, Twelfth Annual Report
‘of the Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural Col-
lege, Boston, Jan., 1900.—Forbes, A. C. The elm-bark beetle [ Scolytus
destructor), 78, March 17.—Laurent, E. The employment of nicotine
as an insecticide in agriculture, Bulletins, Société Nationale d’ Agriculture
de France, Ix, 3, Paris, Mar., 1900.—Ménégaux, A. On the “ grasserie’”
for ‘‘ yellowing ’’] of the silk worm, 2 figs.; On a curious parasite of the
silk worm (Ugimyia sericari@ Rondani), 1 pl. Bulletin Scientifique de
la France et de la Belgique, xxxii, Paris, 1899. Rec’d. April 28, 1900.—
Ronsisvalle, M. On the morbid effects of Ixodidz on man, Atti della
Accademia Gicenia di Scienze Naturali in Catania, Ixxvi, 1899.—Smith,
Rt. G. The tick fever parasite, 128.—Webster, F. M. The clover
root borer, Aylastes obscurus Marsham, fig., 1 pl.; Bulletin No. 112,
Ohio Agric. Exper. Station, Wooster, Ohio, Dec., 1899— Wesché, W.
The earwig, 78, April 28. ‘
ARACHNIDA.—Cambridge, F. O. P. Arachnida Araneidea,
vol, ii, pp. 105-120* [Ctenidze Selenopide, Heteropodidz], 15.
MYRIOPODA.—Brdélemann, H. W. Myriopodological notes,
figs., 22. é
ORTHOPTERA.—Blatchley, W. 8S. On the species of Nemo-
dius known to occur in Indiana*, 5.—Brunner von Wattenwyl.
Orthoptera collected by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 35.
NEUROPTERA.—Calvert, P. P. Odonata of New Jersey, see
Smith, J. B., review, post.
HEMIPTERA.—Baker, C. F. American species of Macropsis
( Jasside)*, 56.—Champion, G. C, Rhynchota Heteroptera, vol. ii,
pp. 305-312* [Anthocoride], 15.—Chittenden, F. H. [Gargaphia
angulata, Nectarophora destructor|, See Economic Entomology. —Cho-
lodkovsky, N. See the General Subject.—Cockerell, T. D. A.
Note on the pigments of the Coccid Chionaspis furfura Fitch, Science,
New York, April 27, t900.—Id. Four new Coccide from Arizona, 4.—
Distant, W. L. Rhynchotal notes, iv. Heteroptera: Pentatominze
(part.), 11.—Id. Undescribed genera and species belonging to the
Rhynchotal family Pentatomide, r pl., 36.—Fowler, W. W. Rhyn-
Ticas,
1900] _ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 507
chota Homoptera, vol. ii, pl. xvii, 15.—Morse, E. 8. A_bubble-
blowing insect [ Aphrophora], figs., Appletons’ Popular Science Monthly,
New York, May, 1900.—Osborn, H. Homoptera of New Jersey, see
Smith, J. B., review, fost_—Pergande, T. Thysanoptera of New
Jersey, see Smith, J. B., review, Aos?.
COLEOPTERA.—Arrow, G. J. On pleurostict Lamellicorns
from Grenada and St. Vincent (West Indies), 36.—Bourgeois, J.
Dascillidze collected by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 35.—
Brenske, E. Scarabzidz collected by the Belgian Antarctic Expe-
dition, 35.—Carpentier, L. Hibernation of Coleoptera, Bulletin,
Société Linnéenne du Nord de la France, 317, Amiens, May, 1899.—
Chittenden, F. H. [Systena blanda, Cerotoma trifurcata, Epicerus
imbricatus, Spermophagus pectoralis, Ceutorhynchus spp., Lixus con-
cavus, FHaltica ignita, Xylocrius Agassizti], see Economic Entomology.
—Cobelli, R. Contributions to the biology of Lophyrus pint L., 44.—
Fairmaire, L. Heteromera collected by the Belgian Antarctic Expe-
dition, 35.—Lameere, A. Cerambycidz collected by the Belgian
Antarctic Expedition, 35.—Lea, A. M. Revision of the Australian
Curculionidz belonging to the subfamily Cryptorhynchides, pt. iv, 128.
—Manger, K. Coleoptera in paraffin [for transportation, not recom-
*mended], 40.—Pic, M. New Pedilidz and Anthicide, 44.—Rous-
seau, E. Carabidz collected by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 35.
—Sharp, D. Coleoptera, vol. ii, pt. 1, pp. 585-608,. pl. xviii* [Crypto-
phagide], 15.--Wasmann, E. New Pausside, with a biological sup-
plement, 2 pls. Notes from the Leyden Museum, xxi, 1-3, Dec., 1899.—
Wenzel, H. W. Scydmenide and Pselaphidze of New Jersey, see
Smith, J. B., review, posé.
DIPTERA.—Cockerell, T. D. A. Scripfotricha or Paracantha ?
1t.—Coquillett, D. W. Report on a collection of dipterous insects
from Puerto Rico*; Proceedings, U. S. National Museum, No. 1198,
Washington, 1900.— Jacobs. Diptera collected by the Belgian Antarctic
Expedition, 35.—Johnson, C. W. Diptera of New Jersey, see Smith,
J. B., review, fost:—Melander, A. L. A decade of Dolichopodide*,
figs., 4.—Pantel, J. Zhrixion halidayanum Rond. Monographic
essay on the external characters, the biology and the anatomy ofa para- ~
sitic larva of the group of the Tachinairia, 6 pls. La Cellule, xv, r.
Lierre et Louvain, 1898. A great monograph of 290 quarto pages,
dealing with the external morphology of egg, larva, pupa and adult (42
pp.). biology and etiology (34 pp.), and anatomy (240 pp.).
LEPIDOPTERA.—Caspari, W. On Acronycta (eggs, larve],
40.—Chittenden, F. H. [MMonoftilota nubilella, Elasmopalpus lig-
nosellus, Hellula undalis, Laphygma frugiperda, Sesia rutilans.] See
Economic Entomology.—Dietz, W. G. Tineoidea of New Jersey, see
Smith, J. B., review, gost—Druce, H. Lepidoptera Heterocera, vol.
i, pp. i-xxxii, vols. ii and iii title-pages and contents, 6.—Dyar, H. G.
The larva of Eustixia pupula Hiibn., 4; Larve from Hawaii, a correc-
508 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
tion, 4; Life histories of North American Geometride, xi, 5.—Fauvel,
A. A. Walking cocoons, figs., La Nature, Paris, April 21, 1900.—Gib-
son, A. Some interesting moths taken at Ottawa, Ottawa Naturalist,
April-May, 1900.—Grete, A. R. The descent of the Pierids, 4 pls.,
Proceedings, American Philosophical Society, No. 161, Philadelphia, Jan-
uary-March, 1900.—Lyman, H. H. An entomological muddle: a re-
view [ Hyphantria cunea, congrua, antigone, textor], 4.—Moffat, J. A.
Hydroecia stramentosa, 4.—Montgomery, T. H., Jr. On nucleolar
structures of the hypodermal cells of the larva of Carpocapsa, 1 pl., Zoolo-
gische Jahrbiicher, Abth. fiir Anatomie u. Ontogenie der Thiere, xiii, 3,
Jena, April 10, 1900.
HYMENOPTERA.—André, E. Thynnidz collected by the Bel-
gian Antarctic Expedition, 35.—Ashmead, W. H. Classification of
the fossorial, predaceous and parasitic wasps, or the super-family Ves-
poidea, 4.—Id. Hymenoptera (in part) of New Jersey, see Smith, J. B.,
review, fost.—Branner, J. C. Ants as geologic agents in the tropics,
figs., Journal of Geology, viii, 2, Chicago, Feb.-March, 1900.—Konow,
F.W. New contribution to synonymy of the Tenthredinide, Wiener
Entomologische Zeitung, xix, 4-5, May 1, 1900.—Schiller-Tietz. See
the General Subject.—Tosquinet, J. ne collected by the
Belgran Antarctic Expedition, 35.
Smith, J. B. Insects of New Jersey, a list of the species occurring
in New Jersey, with notes on those of economic importance, 328 figs., 2
maps, 755 pp. 27th Ann. Rep. State Board of Agric., 1899 (Supplement).
Trenton, N. J., 1900. A valuable list of this part of the fauna, preceded
by 34 pp. on ‘‘Insects and their control,” including a brief interesting
chapter on development and a genealogical tree of the twenty-two orders
recognized. Alphabetical indexes of the localities and individuals
quoted, and of the families and genera represented, add to the accuracy
and usefulness of the volume. No figures are new; they chiefly illus-
trate species of economic importance. Much aid in the preparation of
the book was furnished by various specialists, as indicated under the
various orders (anfe). Statistics of the species listed are given on p. 7o1,
according to which the total number is 8537, of which 1193 are Diptera,
1718 Hymenoptera, 1570 Lepidoptera, 2845 Coleoptera, 399 Homoptera,
340 Hemiptera, 144 Orthoptera, the other orders less than 100 each. The
total exceeds, by 2439 species, Prof. Smith's similar list of 1890, and he
predicts an equally great percentage of increase in the next decade.
’ Dr. H. F, Wickuam will take a collecting trip this Summer to the Pacific
States,
Dr. F. E. BLatspext, of Mokelume Hill, Cala., started for Alaska on
May toth and will not return until October. He expects to find some
fine insects in the North,
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 509
Notes and News.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.
Pror. A. J. SNYDER expects to pass the Summer in Colorado collecting.
Mr. LANCASTER THOMAS will go to Cranberry, N. C., and keep his
eyes open for species new to the locality.
Dr. A. Fenves, of Pasadena, California, will start on a collecting trip
to the Atlantic coast on the first of June and will return to Pasadena in
October.
Nores ON A Few NortH AMERICAN SPECIES LISTED AS NOCTUID&. —
In two letters, dated respectively, August 12, 1899, and April 7, 1900,
Sir George F. Hampson sends the following notes on some species
which stand in our present lists as Noctuide.
Hexeris Enhydris Grote=Ottolenguia reticulata Beutenm., belongs
to the Thyrididz.
Gyros Muirii, H. Edw., which I see you include in the Noctuidz is
(teste specimens in Grote collection which agree with description) a
'Pyrale=Monocona rubralis Warr.; v. my revision of Pyraustinz in Proc.
Zool. Soc., 1899, p. 232.
Lepidomys Irrenosa Guen., Noct. ii, p. 201 (1852) ; Smith, Cat. Noct.,
Pp. 315, is a Pyrade of the subfamily Chrysaugine and is the male of
Chalinitis olealis Rag., Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., 1890, p. 529; Hmpsn.,
Proc. Zool. Soc., 1897, p. 684.
The forewing of the male has no costal tympanic vesicle as in the
other species of the genus, but has an antemedial tuft of scales on
median nervure, with a smaller tuft below it in the submedian fold.
It differs from the female described by Ragonot in the forewing having
the portions of the ante and postmedian lines, which are bent inwards to
the costa, white; the outer part of the tuft of scales on median nervure
and the tuft in submedian fold white.
Type New York in Mus. Brit.
Pseudcraspedia melanosticta Hmpsn., Trans. Ent. Soc., 1898, p. 256,
pl. xvii, f. 6, from St. Vincent—Acidalia basipunctaria W\k., from
Florida, is a Noctuid.
It is a matter for congratulation that the British Museum material is
undergoing critical study by so competent a worker as Sir George F.
Hampson and we may now hope to eliminate the few remaining doubtful
names that remain in our lists.—]J. B. SMITH.
Stenomimus Pallidus Bou.—On a flat-topped hill overlooking the
beautiful Miami Valley in full view of the Little Miami River, winding its
serpentine course through fertile bottom lands, is situated one of the
prehistoric burial places from which so many relics of a vanished race
have been exhumed. On this spot nature has lavished her choicest
treasures. Hugh oak and other trees, with a rank growth of smaller
510 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,
vegetation, covers the spot so completely that few persons know of its
existence. Here the ‘‘Kentucky Warbler’? (0. formosa) and the
““White-browed Warbler” (D. dominica albilora) find an unmolested
nesting place. I have-taken many rare insects of all orders here, partic-
ularly Coleoptera. May 11, 1900, while searching for minute beetles I
lifted the loose bark from a freshly fallen oak log and found a colony of
Stenomimus pallidus that contained hundreds of this beetle. I picked
out 120 in a few minutes. I have never before taken this curious little
weevil, which is one of the smallest North American species. It is very
slender in form and of pale brown color and might easily be mistaken for
Bactridium, which was associated with it. Its larvae had eaten galleries
through the decaying fibres of the inner bark—CHarLEs Dury, Cincin-
nati, Ohio.
NEw LIGHT ON THE BEE-GENERA MEGACILISSA AND MACROTERA.-—
I have just received the following important information from Mr. W. F.
Kirby of the British Museum: ‘‘ Megacilissa superba Smith is a Chilian
species, and = Caxupolicana fulvicollis Spin. Mr. Waterhouse and I
have carefully examined Perdita halictoides and Macrotera bicolor Smith,
and find that Smith’s drawings of the dissections are quite accurate ; and
that although Smith says the palpi of Perdifa are wanting, and there is
no trace of them in the specimen, yet they are included in his own figures,
which is very odd. I find that A/acrotera was obtained from Mr. E. P.
Coffin in 1843, but I do not know from what part of Mexico. Perhaps
this might be discovered by hunting through Westwood’s publications.”
This shows that Megaci/issa is a pure synonym of Caupolicana, as was
suggested in Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Dec., 1899, p. 412.* It also confines
the distinctness of Macrotera from Macroteropsis and Hypomacrotera.
As for Perdita, Smith’s figures of the palpi are drawn with dotted lines,
and are undoubtedly hypothetical. Under the circumstances set forth in
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Dec., 1899, p. 315, it is evident that we shall for
the present have to remain wholly uncertain as to what is genuine
FPerdita.--T. D. A. COCKERELL, Mesilla Park, N. M., Feb. 2, 1900.
A Bee-FLy Four YEARS IN THE LARVAL STATE. JS THIS A RECORD?
—In Volume I, Part 3, of the Proceedings of the Southern California
Academy of Sciences may be found a short descriptive article on the
habits and parasites of one of the most interesting bees of California,
Anthophora montana Cress. Its interesting habit of tower building is
there illustrated and need not be further commented upon,
Goniops and other Synonyms.
By J. M. ALDRICH.
I am greatly obliged to Mr. James S. Hine for pointing out
the identity of my Gonzops hippoboscoides with Pangonia chryso-
coma O. S. Isee on comparison that there is no doubt of the
synonymy. Osten Sacken refers to the species as being rather
different from the rest of those included in Pangonia, and I
consider the genus Goniops a good one. ‘The species will there-
fore be known as Gonzops chrysocoma O. S.
I must confess to a feeling of sadness that this first-born of
my entomological activity should be so early cut down. I have
frequently consoled myself, when other work proved unsatis-
factory, by reflecting on the brilliant discovery that I brought
forward in that first paper !
In the few papers that I have published on the Dolichopo-
didz, I have made several synonyms that I subsequently dis-
covered for myself ; these I believe should be recorded for the
benefit of other workers in Diptera.
1. Aptorthus Aldrich, Kans. Univ. Quart., ii, 48, 1893.
This I recently found is identical with Mesorhaga Schiner,
Novara, 217, 1868, described from South America. The
species I described are all valid.
2. Dactylomyia Aldrich, |. c., 151.
The type, gvacilipes, had been previously described by Loew
as Saucropus superbiens. Vater writers have rejected the genus *
Saucropus, placing the species under Neurigona. Since I have
532 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ September,
become acquainted with several of the long-legged species of
this genus, I do not think that there is any justification for
Dactylomyta.
The synonymy if this case was made out independently by
Professor Wheeler, and has been referred to by him in his
recent extensive paper on the Dolichopodidee (Proc. Cal. Acad.
‘Sci., 1899).
3. Metapelastoneurus Aldrich, |. c., 152.
This genus was based on the peculiar development of the
hypopygium in a species of Pe/astoneurus. Since the time of
establishing it, I have often doubted the advisability of using
such characters, unless of very remarkable form, and accom-
panied with some other tangible marks of distinction. Recently
I have been engaged in working up the Dolichopodidze for the
Biologia, and I find so many forms of hypopygium in the genus
Pelastoneurus as to leave no doubt of the untenability of my
genus. I discard the name the more willingly, from the fact —
that it is the most villainously compounded (with three or four
exceptions) that I ever inflicted on a long-suffering public.
4. Xanthotricha Aldrich, Trans. Ent. Soc., London, 1896, 339.
This is identical with 7hrypticus Gerstaecker, Stett. Ent.
Zeit., 1866, 43. It has also been described by Wheeler under
the name of Aphantotimus, which would have been prior to my
name. Wheeler has referred with a doubt to this synonymy
in his paper, p. 30. By the way, I may take occasion to re-
mark that my 7h. minor differs from his wz//stont in having
antennze which are yellow, except the tip of third joint.
The flat or concave space before the scutellum cannot be a_
character of importance in this genus, as it does not occur in
most of my specimens. As the species are minute and very
soft, shriveling or drying, it is usually impossibie to speak with
certainty on this point. When I described the genus, there
seemed to be a difference from Aphantotimus in this part of the
structure ; but I am now convinced that it is evanescent.
5. Chrysotus apicalis Aldrich, loc. cit., 330.
This species has had such a checkered history that I can
best express it by putting it in the form it might assume in a
catalogue as follows :
ENT. News, Vol. XI. Pl xave
NEOPHASIA TERLOOTI! BEHR, 7 NEOPHASIA MENAPIA FELDER, ¢
NEOPHASIA TERLOOTII BEHR, ? NEOPHASIA MENAPIA FELDER, ?
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 533
Chrysotus barbatus
Loew, Neue Beitr., viii, 48; Mon. N. A. Dipt., ii, 38 (both male
only, as Synarthrus barbatus) ; Neue Beitr., viii, 63 ; Mon. N.
A. Dipt., ii, 175 (both female, as Chrysotus validus).
Wheeler, Ent. News, vii, 154 (Xiphandrium americanum).
Aldrich, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, 330 (Chrysotus apicalis).
The synonymy of Xzphandrium is on Wheeler’s authority.
6. Diaphorus approximatus Aldrich, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1896, 321.
This is the same as our old friend D. spectabilis Loew.
A Headlong Plunge into the Synonymy.
HENRY SKINNER, M.D.
See Plate XIV.
In the April, 1900, NEws, p. 415, I mentioned a Pierid
under the name Archonias lyceas, from the Huachuca Moun-
tains, Cochise Co., Arizona. This was a female, and was
figured on Pl..II as No. 28. I first received a specimen for
identification fronf Mr. O. C. Poling of Quincy, Illinois, and
a little later another specimen from Dr. William Barnes. God-
man and Salvin, in the Biologia Centrali-Americana, described
Archonias lyceas in a brief comparative description, comparing
lyceas with the figured species dismorphites. ‘The Arizona
specimen seemed to fit this description fairly well, although
as there was some doubt in my mind in regard to my identifica-
tion, I referred it to /yceas provisionally. Dr. Barnes, coming to
the conclusion that my reference was incorrect, having received
from Dr. W. J. Holland a drawing of dismorphites and a
description of dyceas, sent me manuscript describing the Pierid
as a new species under the name of Archonias princetonia, on
account of its orange and black colors being the same as those
of Princeton College. This was to have appeared in the News
for last May. In the meantime Dr. Strecker succeeded in ob-
taining a specimen of the insect from Mr. Poling. Ata meeting
of the Feldman Collecting Social, held in Philadelphia, April
18th, I, ina moment of thoughtless entomological enthusiasm,
mentioned to Dr. Strecker the fact that Dr. Barnes had sent me
a description of the species for publication in the Nrws, and
that my reference was incorrect. I thought no harm could
come from this as Mr. Poling had absolutely refused to exchange
y td
534 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [September,
his specimen, at least so far as I was concerned, and I knew
the May News was the first entomological journal to appear.
When I arrived at the Academy on the afternoon of April
19th, I learned that Dr. Strecker had visited the same institu-
tion, shortly after the janitor had arisen from his night’s
repose, and consulted the Biologia. In a couple of days I
received by mail a single printed sheet, bearing the following :
“ DESCRIPTION OF NEOPHASIA EPYAXA,
A NEW AND CURIOUS PIBRID FROM ARIZONA.
By Dr. HERMAN STRECKER, Reading, Pa., April 21st, 1900.”’
The paper begins: ‘‘ A remarkable insect was figured in the
last issue (April) of the ENTromMoLocical, NEws.’’ Further on
the paper says,—‘‘and serves to illustrate what a wonderland
is Arizona.’’ Now here was ‘‘a pretty kettle of fish.’’ The
editor of the NEws had ‘‘ let the cat out of the bag,’’ and what
was he to say to Dr. Barnes? Whether Dr. Strecker hired a
special train to take him to Reading or whether he paid the printer
a bonus for the sheet, red hot off the press, is not known. Doubt-
less the special sheet cost him quite a number of his good dollars.
Some time prior to the year 1868 the Baron Terloot de Pope-
laire, for reasons unknown to the writer, crossed the Sierra
Madre Mountains in Mexico, on a line drawn between Mazatlan
and Durango. At that time it was a wild and dangerous ride
through an inhospitable country, and the region was infested —
by fierce Apache Indians. While on his journey, he came to
the cold pine forest region and saw a butterfly fluttering at a
considerable height between the fronds of the coniferous trees ;.
it finally alighted on a Loranthus, the only plant in flower
in the vicinity. For reasons known to himself he captured the
butterfly and put it in his pocketbook. If you will turn to page
304 of the Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. for 1868-69, you will find the
following : ‘‘ NV. terlooit nov. spec. Ale antica longitudinaliter
dimidiate, dimidium superius nigrum, fascia maculart repanda
alba intersectum, dimidium inferius cum alis posticis album.’’
Dr. Barnes recently sent me a male of the wonderful Arizona
Pierid, and, strange to say, it was d/ack and white, More won-
derful still, it agreed perfectly with the above Latin description.
But we should not plunge into these matters,—be sure before
a ee fe ates
ae ee pe ee
+ a
ee
= SS
1900 | . ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 535
you leap. I madea photographic negative of a male and female
of the wonderful Arizona butterfly and printed it on platino-
type paper and sent it to Dr. Herman H. Behr of the California
Academy of Sciences. The male specimen I marked No. 1
and the female No. 2. The following is part of Dr. Behr’s
reply: ‘‘ No. 1 of your drawing (photo) tallies perfectly with
my type (captured by the Baron Terloot de Popelaire) which
I still possess, but in a rather shattered condition. I have to
communicate to you something else. I have heard about a
caterpillar living in societies on a species of Arbutus (Madrona).
These societies inhabit sacs of a paper-like substance almost
impervious to water. I had several of these sacs sent me, but
most of them contained only the exuvize of the former inhabit-
ants ; only in three of them were found dead chrysalids and
several butterflies crippled by the want of room for their de-
velopment. These butterflies were my JV. /erlootiz, and the ¢
answers to your No. 2. I do not know whether the fact is
generally known that the larva of VV. menapia feeds on conifers ;
therefore we need not be surprised to find another member of
the genus feeding on rather unusual food for a Pierid—the
Arbutus. In Java I found larva of Delias coronis on a species
of Capparis, analogously related to Cruciferz, like Delias to
Pieris. %m Australia I found the larvze of two species of Delias
on Loxanthus pretssiz, a parasitic shrub on which I never would
have looked for Pierid larve.’’
As far as I am aware this butterfly has been unknown since
1869 until the present year. If Dr. Strecker had looked on
page 74 (No. 25) of his Synonymic Catalogue, published in
1878, he would have saved about ten dollars, kept out of the
synonymic consommeé and given Dr. Barnes the pleasure of see-
ing his name przzcetonza in line number two. The synonymy
stands thus,—
Neophasia terlootii* Behr, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., ii, p. 304,
1868-69.
Archonias lyceas Skinner (not Godman and Salvin), Ent.
News, xi, 415, 1900.
Neophasia epyaxa Strecker.
* The name as given in the original description (terlooii) was probably a typographical
error.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items
of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given
in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.]
To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our
earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep-
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL News has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer-
ence, as to make it necessary to put “‘ copy” into the hands of the printer, for each num-
ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or
important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘ extras,” without change in form,
will be given free, when they are wanted; and this should be so stated on the MS., along
with the number desired. The receipt of all papers wiil be acknowledged.—Eb.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., SEPTEMBER, 1900.
The annual meeting of the Association of Economic Ento-
mologists was held at Columbia University, New York, on
June 22d and 23d. Among those present were C. P. Gillette,
L. O. Howard, F. M. Webster, James Fletcher, H. T. Fernald,
A. D. Hopkins, W. G. Johnson, R. S. Clifton, A. F. Burgess,
C. P. Lounsbury, E. B. Southwick, C. M. Weed, Trevor Kin-
caid, E. P. Felt, A. H. Kirkland, W. M. Scott and A. L.
Quaintance. ‘The papers read were interesting and valuable,
and the meeting was characterized by scientific enthusiasm and.
zeal for the work. ‘The atmosphere that pervaded the meeting
was for progress, and each man seemed anxious to further the
science of economic entomology. ‘The different States repre-
sented get a valuable return for the services of these men, who
appeared to be interested in their studies for the science and
for the benefit of their respective communities. How different
is it here in Philadelphia and in the great State of Pennsylvania
where all is politics and jobbery. ‘The city and State expend
considerable sums of money and get practically no return. The
official entomologists of the other States mentioned injury by
insects which represented hundreds of thousands of dollars in
money value. We never hear anything of injurious insects in
this State, and the only natural inference is that there are no
injurious insects here. The citizens of the State of Pennsyl-
vania do, however, get some information in regard to injurious
insects, but in a beggarly way, as the State pays nothing for
this service. ‘These sources of information are the American
Entomological Society and the State entomologists of Ohio
and New Jersey respectively. Pennsylvania is in the slough
of political darkness ; will she ever awaken?
536
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 537
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY P. P. CALVERT.
Under the above head it is intended to mention papers received at the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North
and South). Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted. Contribu-
tions to the anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, relating to Ameri-
can or exotic species, will be recorded, The numbers in HEAVY-FACED TYPE refer to the
journals, as numbered in the following list, in which the papers are published; * denotes
that the paper in question contains descriptions of new North American forms. Titles ofall
articles in foreign languages are translated into English; usually such articles are written
in thesame language asthetitle of thejournal containing them, but when such articles arein
other languages than English, French, German or Italian, this fact is indicated in brackets.
8. The American Naturalist, Boston, ’00.—4. The Canadian Ento-
mologist, London, Ont., ’00.--&. Psyche, Cambridge, Mass., ’oo.---7. U.
S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Washington ;
Bulletins, technical series No. 8, ’0o.--9. The Entomologist, London,
’00 —-11. The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, ’00.—
15, Biologia Centrali-Americana, London}; pt clv, April, ’00; rec’d.
July 9.—21. The Entomologist’s Record, London, ’00.—22. Zoolo-
gischer Anzeiger, Leipsic, ’00.—30m. Memoires de la Société Zoolo-
gique de France, xii, Paris, 1899.—30Ob. Bulletin of the same, xxiv, 1899.—
32. Bulletin du) Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris.—35. An-
nales, Société Entomologique de Belgique, xliv, Brussels, ’00.—40.
Societas Entomologica, Ziirich-Hottingen, ’0o.—41. Entomologische
Nachrichten, xxvi, Berlin, ’00.—49. Termeszetrajzi Fiizetek, xxiii, 1-2,
Budapest, May 1, ’00.—55. Le Naturaliste, Paris, ’00.—56. Mittheil-
ungen, schweizerischen entomologischen Gesellschaft, x, 6, Schaffhausen,
March, ’00,—68. Revista chilena de Historia Natural, Valparaiso, ’00,—
$1. Biologisches Centralblatt, Erlangen, ’00.—84. Insekten-Borse,
Leipsic, ’00.—87. Revue Scientifique, Paris, ’00.—97. Zeitschrift fiir
wissenschaftliche Zoologie, Ixvii, 3, Leipsic, May 22, ’00.—98. Travaux,
Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de St. Petersbourg, Jan.-Feb., ’00.—
101. Rovartani Lapok, vii, 3, Budapest, March, ’oo.—108. The
Agricultural Journal; published by the Department of Agriculture,
Cape of Good Hope, Cape Town, ’0o.—109. Proceedings, Royal
Society of Queensland, xv, Brisbane, ’0o.—116. Biological. Bulletin, i,
3, Boston, May, ’0o.—123. Bulletin, Wisconsin Natural History So-
ciety (n. s.); i, 2, Milwaukee, April, ’00.—130. Proceedings, Man-
chester [New Hampshire] Institute of Arts and Sciences, i, ’00.—131.
Proceedings, South London Entomological and Natural History Society,
’99.—132. Popular Science, New York, ’00.—133. Bulletin, Société des
Sciences de Nancy (3), i, 3, March, ’00.—I34,. Arbeiten aus der biologi-
schen Abtheilung fiir Land und Forstwirthschaft am kaiserlichen Gesund-
heitsamte, i, 1, Berlin, ’oo.
THE GENERALSUBJECT.—Adams, C. C. Insects that live in
538 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [September,
running water, Nature and Art, Chicago, June, r900.—Anon. On the odor
of blossoms as a means of attracting insects, 84, July 5.—Bachmet-
jew, P. The variation of the critical point in different individuals of one
and the same species of insect, 40, April 1; The vital minimum temper-
ature in insects dependent upon the time [of exposure], 40, June 15,
July 1.—[Bastian]. On the psychic life of insects, 84, July 5.—
Bordage, E. On the special protection of appendages, in process of
regeneration, after artificial mutilation among insects [transl. from French
orig.], 11, June. —Cockerell, T, D. A. and others. [On the relative
stability of tropical and temperate species], 131.—Faussek, V. Au-
totomy and sensibility to pain in the animal kingdom, Naturwissenschaft-
liche- Wochenschrift, Berlin, June 10, 17, 1900.—Field, H. H. Con-
demnable practices in generic revisions, 4, June.—Florentin, R.
Studies on the fauna ofthe salt marshes of Lorraine, Annales des Sciences.
Naturelles, Zoologie, (8) x, 4-6, Paris, April, ’°00o.—Greenicher, S. The
fertilization and insect visitors of our earliest entomophilous flowers,
123.—Krick, E. Entomology and the school [in Magyar], 101.—
Lueas, R. (General) and Seidlitz, G. (Coleoptera). Report on the
scientific results in the field of entomology during the year 1897. Archiv
fiir Naturgesch. Ixiv, ii, 2, 1 Halfte. Berlin, April, 1900.—Pic, M. Some
words on variation, 55, May 15.—Plateau, F. New researches on the
relations between insects and flowers, 2nd part: the choice of colors by
insects, 30m; Experiments on the attraction of insects by colored stuffs.
and shining objects, figs., 34, 4, May 14.—Prenant, A. The cell notion
and tracheal cells, figs., 133.—Prowazek, S. On the physiology of the
nerves of insects, Der Zoologische Garten, xli, 5, Frankfurt a. M., May,
1900.—Rudow. Further contribution to the size-relations of insects,
$4, June 14.—Thaxter, R. Preliminary diagnoses of new species of
Laboulbeniacez, ii, [fungi parasitic on insects]. Proceedings, American
Academy of Arts and Sciences, xxxv, 21, Boston, April, 1900.—Trou- |
essart, E, The Acarines and insects of the shafts of feathers, syringobial
parthenogenesis, Volume Jubilaire Cinquantenaire, Société de Biologie
de Paris, ’99.—Tutt, J. W. The nature of metamorphosis, 131.—Ule,
E. Miscellany on the influence of animals on plant life, Berichte, deutschen
botanischen Gesellschaft, xviii, 3, Berlin, Apr. 25, ’00.—Verson, E. On
the function of the giant cells in the testicular follicles of insects, Atti. R.
Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, lvii. Venice, Mar. 26, ’99.
ECONOMIC EN'TOMOLOGY.—Adams, M. F. Superintend-
ent’s report [on insects attacking trees and shrubs], figs. Annual Report,
Buffalo [New York] Forestry Association, April 1, 1900,—Anon. The
dangers of importation of insects with fresh fruits, 87, June 23.—
Britton, W. E. Insect notes, 23rd Annual Report, Connecticut Agric.
Exper. Station for 1899, part iii, New Haven, 1900.—Cockerell, T. D, A.
Some Coccid# quarantined at San Francisco, 6, June; A new genus of
Coccide injuring the roots of the grape vine in South Africa. 9, June.—
Cousins, H. H, Fumigation of currant budmite with hydrocyanic acid,
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 539
Gardéner’s Chronicle, London, June 9, ’00.—[Editor]. Locust fungus,
108, Apr. 12.—Fernald, H. T,. and Hinds, W. E. The grass thrips
Anaphothrips striata Osb.; Treatment for thrips in greenhouses, 1 pl.
Bulletin 67, Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural
College, Amherst,. Mass., May, 1900.—Fletcher, J. Recent additions to
the list of injurious insects of Canada, figs. Transactions, Royal Society
of Canada, v, 4, Ottawa, 1900.—Frank. The peabeetle [Aruchus pisi L.]
its agricultural significance and the combatting of it, 1 pl., 134.—Fuller,
©. Locust destruction in Natal, 108, May 10.—Gillette, C. P. Apiary
experiments, 6 pls., Bulletin 54, Agric. Exper. Station, Agric. College of
Colorado, Fort Collins, Colo., May, 1900.—Harrison, A. President’s
address [summary of the relation of mosquitoes to malaria, etc.], 131.—
Hart, J. H. The locust disease fungus [on the parasol ant], Bulletin,
Botanical Department, Trinidad, No. 23. Port-of-Spain, April, 1900.—
Illidge, R. Miscellanea entomologica, or odd notes on the history and
transformation of various insects [chiefly attacking figs.], 109.—Jen-
nings, A. H. Locust extermination in Mqanduli district [S. Africa, by
fungus paste], 108, March 29.--King, G. B. The Coccidz of the ivy,
4, july—Kuhlgatz, T. [Notice of] Frank u. Friedr. Kriiger : *‘ Schild-
lausbuch. Beschreibung und Bekaémpfung der fiir den deutschen Obst-
und Weinbau wichtigsten Schildlause. Bearbeitet fiir die Praxis. Berlin,
Paul Pasey, 1900, $1, May 1.—Kumm. Communications on the San
José scale, Schriften der naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Danzig, (N. F.)
x, 1, 1899.--Lea, A. M. Visiting entomologist and useful insects, 108,
May 10o.—Lounsbury, C. P. Tickheartwater experiment, 108, May
24.--Liistner, G. On a new gallfly of the grapevine, C/inodip/osis vitis
nov. sp. 1 pl., 41, 6. Mar., ’0o.--Manson, P. Malaria and the malarial
parasite, Popular Science Monthly, New York, July, ’0o.—Martin, G.
W. Locust extermination [by fungus] in America, 108, Apr. 26.—
Rérig, G. Researches on the stomachs of birds important to agriculture
and forestry, 134.—lRoss, R. Malaria and mosquitoes [French transl }
$7, June 23.—Santini de Riols, E. The silks of Bombyx mori, of
bivalves and of the spider, 55, June 1.--Sch., S. The kissing bug, 84,
July 12.--Serre, P. Notes on American zoology [kissing bug], 30b.--
Shirley, J. Mosquitoes and malaria, 109.--F. 8S. Notice of C.
Schwalbe’s ‘‘ Beitrage zur Malaria-Frage.’’ Heft. i. ‘‘Die Malaria und
die Mosquito.”’ Berlin, 1g00, Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau, Braun-
schweig, May 26, 00 --Weed, C. M. Insect record for 1899, figs., Bul-
letin 72, New Hampshire College Agric. Exper. Station, Durham, N. H.,
Feb., ’oo ; The forest tent caterpillar, 2nd report, figs., Bulletin 75 of the
same, May.--Wilcox, EK. V. Abstract of recent publications, Experi-
ment Station Record, U. S. Dep’t of Agriculture, Washington, xi, 9, 10,
1900. ;
ARACHNIDA.—Banks, N. Synopses of North American Inver-
tebrates, ix. The Scorpions, Solpugids and Pedipalpi, 3, May; The .
red spiders of the United States ( Te¢ranyehus and Stigmeus)*, figs., 7.—
540 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ September,
Borelli, A. Some scorpions of Chile, 58, May.--Cambridge, F. O.
P. Arachnida Araneidea, ii, pp. 121-128, pl. viii [Sparassus, etc.]*, 15.--
Kreepelin, K. Catalogue of the Solifugz (?) of the Museum, 32, ’99,
No. 7; On some new-Arachnids*, figs., Abhandlungen, Naturwissen-
schaftlichen Verein in Hamburg, xvi, 1, 1900; Rec’d July 12.—Neu-
mann, G. Revision of the family Ixodide, 3rd mem, figs.*. 30m.—
Pocock, R. I. Some new or little-known neotropical scorpions in the
British Museum*, 11, May.—Santini de Riols, E. See Economic En-
tomology.—Schimkewitsch, W. On the influence of wounds on the
eggs of spiders, due to the bites of ichneumonid larvae, figs. [in Russian,
abstract in German], 98.—Simon, E. List of the Arachnida collected
by M. Charles Porter in 1898-9 and descriptions [in Latin] of new species,
58, April.—Theresa, Princess of Bavaria. Myriapods and Arachnoids
collected in South America, figs. [with descriptions by G. Attems and
Penther), 22, May 14.—-Wolecott, R. H. New genera and species of
North American Hydrachnide*, 4 pls., Transactions, American Micro-
scopical Society, xxi, Lincoln, Neb., 1900. .
PROTOTRACHEATA.—Bouvier, E. L. Some observations
on the Onychophora (Feripatus) of the collection of the British Museum,
figs., Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, London, April, ’0o
MY RIOPODA.—Broélemann, H. Two notable myriapods of
Brazil [in Portugese] figs., Boletim do Museu Paraense de Historia Na-
tural e Ethnographia, iii, 1, Para, 1900.—-Theresa, Princess. See
Arachnida. j
COLLEMBOLA.—Prowazek, S. Structure and development of
the Collembola, 2 pls., Arbeiteri aus den zoologischen Instituten der
Universitat Wien und der Zoologischen Station in Triest, xii, 3, 1900 —-
Wahlgren. E. Collembola collected in Jan Mayen and East Greenland
during the Swedish Greenland Expedition of 1899;* Ofversight af Kong].
Vetenkaps-Akademiens Férhandlingar lvii, 3, Stockholm, Mar. 14, I9co.
ORTHOPTERA. —Berg, C. On some Chileno-Argentine Aniso-
morphidz [in Spanish], Communicaciones, Museo Nacional de Buenos
Aires, i, 5, Dec. 30, ’99. [Incorrectly placed under Coleoptera in the
News, vol. xi, p. 443).—Bordas, L. Study on the digestive apparatus
of Brachytrupes achatinus, Stoll., Comptes Rendus, L’ Academie des
Sciences, Paris, July 2, ’oo.--Burr, M. Note on the geographical distri-
bution of the Eumastacida, 21, June 1; Notes on the Forficularia, v.
Descriptions of new species and a new genus*, 11, July.—Cockerell,
T. D. A. Note on some red and blue pigments (of Acrididz], Nature,
London, May 10, ’0o,—Donisthorpe, H. St. J. K. Myrmecophilous
Orthoptera, 21, June 1.—Fogg, S. C. Preliminary notes on the Orth-
optera in the vicinity of Manchester, 130,--Giardina, A. On the
biology of the Mantidz, 2 pls., Giornale di Scienze Naturali ed Econo-
miche pubblicato per cura della Societa di Scienze Naturali ed Economiche
di Palermo xxii, .1899. Rec’d June 13, 1900,—-Hunter, S. J., and
Sutton, W.S. The Melanopli of Kansas, 5, June, July, Aug. —M’Clung,
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 541
©. E. The spermatocyte divisions of the Acrididz, 3 pls., Bulletin Uni-
versity of Kansas, i, 2 (Kansas University Quarterly, ix, 1) Lawrence,
Kans., Jan., 1900.—Rodzianko, V. N. On the method of appearance
of the egg cocoons of some locusts (Acrididz) [in Russian] Bulletin,
Société Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou, ’98, No. 4, ’99.—de
Saussure, H. Orthoptera, pp. i-x, title page, 15.—Sceudder, S. H.
The species of Hadrofettix, a genus of CEdipodine*, 5, June; Note on
the Orthopteran genus Zeprus Saussure, 5, July.
NEUROPTERA.— Burnham, E. J. See notice, pos/-—Campos,
F.. Entomological observations, Lepthemis vesiculosa Fabr. attacking
Lepidoptera Rhopalocera [in Spanish], 58, April.—de la Croix, E.
Observations on Zermes carbonarius Haviland, fig., 32, 1900, No. 1.—
Forster, F. See notice, ost—Kellogg, V. L., and Kuwana, S. I.
Mallophaga from Alaskan birds,* 1 pl., Proceedings, Academy of Natural
Sciences of Philadelphia, 1900, pt. i, May 29,.1900.—Mansion, A.
Frogs and dragonflies, $7, June 30.—Schenkling, S. Termites as
fungus cultivators, 84, May 17,—Wasmann, E. The guests of ants
and termites [translated from orig.], 21, May 15 to Aug. 1.—William-
son, E. B. See notice, post.
HEMIPTERA.—Baker, C. F. Notes on /diocerus (Jasside). 4,
July.—Ball, k'. D. Some new Jassidz from the southwest,* 4, July.—
Bogue, E. E. A new species of Kermes*, 4, July.—Champion, G.
€. Rhynchota Heteroptera, vol. ii, pp. 313-336 [Anthocoride]}*, 15.—
Cholodkovsky, N. A. On the digestive apparatus of Laphria (In
Russian, brief abstract in German], 98.—Cockerell, T. D. A. The
name of the cochineal, Science, New York, June 22, ’00; Macrocephalus
arizonicus=uh/eri [and] Eggs of Ceroplastesirregularis, 9, July ; see also
Economic Entomology.—Distant, W. L. Rhynchotal notes, iv, Heter-
optera, Pentatominz (part.) (concl.), 11, May ; v. Heteroptera: Asopinz
and Tessaratomine, 11, July—King, G. B. The genus Kermes in
North America’, figs., 5, July ; see also Economic Entomology.—Kirk-
aldy, G. W. Recent notes on Hydrometra martini Kirk. = lineata Say,
$), June.—Osborn, H. The genus Scaphoideus, 2 pls.* Journal, Cincin-
nati Society of Natural History, xix, 6, June 26, ’00; Description of a new
species of Hamatopinus*, 4, July —Quaintance, A. L. Contributions
towards a monograph of the American Aleurodide*, 8 pls., 7.—Uhler,
P. RK. Aids to recognition of some North American genera and species
of the old family Fulgoride.* Transactions, Maryland Academy of
Sciences, 1900, Baltimore, May 25.
COLEOPTERA.—Belon, M. J. Descriptive catalogue of the
Coleoptera of South Africa, family Lathridiida. Transactions, South
African Philosophical. Society, xi, 1, Cape Town, Mar., ’0o.—Boas, J.
E. V. Ona case of care of the brood in a Goat-beetle [Saperda popul-
nea), figs., 1 pl. Zoologische Jahrbiicher, Abtheil. fiir Systematik, xiii, 3,
Jena, May 30, 1900.—Bordas, L. Study of male generative glands of
the Chrysomelidz, 32, ’99, No. 6 —Branesik, K. Monstrous beetles,
542 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [September,
figs. [in Magyar], 101.—Eseherich, K. On the regular occurrence of
budding fungi in the intestinal epithelium of a beetle [Anobium pani-
ceum), figs., $1, May 15, ’00.—Fall, H. ©. Revision of the Lathridiidz
of boreal America, 3 pls: Transactions, American Entomological Society,
xxvi, 2, Philadelphia, Dec., ’99.—Fleutiaux, E. Description of a new
Protelater from Chili, 30b.—Hopkins, A. D. American fossil Cole-
optera referred to the Scolytide, fig , 5, June.—Horn, W. On some
Cicindelz of the United States,* 41, 7, 8, April—Olivier, E. The
Lampyrid types of the Museum, 32, ’99, No. 7; Revision ot the Lam-
pyrid Coleoptera of the Antilles and descriptions of new species, 30b.—
Pic, M. Contribution to the study of the Ptinidze of Central and South
America, 35, 6, June 29.—Planet, L. Monographic essay on the Cole-
optera of the genera Pseudolucanus and Lucanus, figs., 66, May 1.—
Rabes, O. To knowledge of egg formation in RAizotrogus solstitialis
L., fig., 1 pl., 97.—Schenkling, C. Strangers among the Central Eu-
ropean beetles, 84, May 17.—Seurat, L. G. Observations on the ex-
ternal genital organs of Coleoptera, 32, ’99, Nos. 7, 8.—Sharp, D. Cole-
optera, vol. ii, pt. 1, pp. 609-624 [Cryptophagide]*, 15.—Tornier, G.
The origin of malformations in beetles, especially byperantennism and
hypermely, figs., 1 pl., Archiv fiir Entwicklungsmechanik der Organism,
ix, 4, Leipsic, May 22, ’0o.—Waterhouse, C. O. New species of the
Coleopterous genus Prionoca/us from Ecuador and Peru, figs., 11,
June.
DIPTERA.—Bezzi, C. M. On the occurrence of the genus Chionee
Dalman in Italy, and the reduction of the wings in the Diptera, Rendi-
conti R. Istituto Lombardo di Scienze e Lettere (2) xxxiii, 9. Milan,
1900.—Brues, C. T. Peculiar tracheal dilatations in Bi/tacomorpha
clavipes Fabr., 116.—Cockerell, T. D. A. Diplosis parthenticola, n.
sp.*, 9, July.--Colledge, W. R. Observations on the life history of the
common Mosquito, 2 pls., 109.—Howard, L. O. The differences be- |
tween malarial and non-malarial mosquitoes, figs., Scientific American, |
New York, July 7, 1900.—Kertesz, C. Catalogue of the Tabanidz of the
entire world. Budapest, 1900. Pp. 1-79. [In Latin. Bound in with 49),—
Lécaillon, A. On the relations between the larva and the nymph of the
mosquito (Culex pipiens) and the surrounding medium, figs., Bulletin,
Société Philomathique de Paris (n. s.) i, 4, ’99.—Melander, A. L., and
Brues, C. T. New species of AHygroceleuthus and Dolichopus, with re-
marks on /H/ygroceleuthus, figs.,* 116.—Pratt, H. S. The embryonic
history of imaginal discs in Ale/ophagus ovinus L., together with an ac-
count of the earlier stages in the development of the insect, 7 pls., Pro- —
ceedings, Boston Society of Natural History, xxix, 13, June, ’0o —
Prenant, A. The tracheal cells of the larva of the Gstvus of the
horse, 133.—Stein, P. The Tachinine and Anthomyine of Meigen’s
collection in Paris, 41. 9, 10, May.--Webster, F. M. Some species of
Diptera inhabiting or frequenting the wheat fields of the middle West, 4,
July.—See also Economic. Entomology, various authors,
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 543
LEPIDOPTERA.—Agassiz, G. Catalogue of the variations and
aberrations in my collection, Macrolepidoptera of the palzarctic zone,
56.—Beutenmiiller, W. A new Sesia from Alaska*, 4, July.—v.
Bonninghausen, V. The Uranide of the Old and the New Worlds,
Verhandlungen, Vereins fiir naturwissenschaftliche Unterhaltung zu Ham-
burg, x, ’99.—Butler, A. G. A list of the species of Cyaniris, a well-
known group of the family Lyczenidz, 11, May ; On a small collection
of insects, chiefly Lepidoptera from Nicaragua, 9, July.—Chapman,
T. A. Some points in the evolution of the Lepidopterous antenna, 1 pl.,
1313 The relationship between the larval and imaginal legs of Lepidop-
tera, 1 pl., 21, June 1, July 1.—Delahaye, F. Polymorphism of Lepid-
optera in Maine-et-Loire, Memoires, Société Nationale d’ Agriculture,
Sciences et Arts d’Angers, (5), ii, 1900.—Dognin, P. New Heterocera
from South America, 35, 5, June 8 —Druce, H. Descriptions of some
new genera and species of Heterocera from tropical South America*,
11, June, July.—Dyar, H. G. Life histories of North American Geo-
metride, xii, 5, June.—French, G. H. The genus Caf/ocala*, 4,
June.—Frings, C. Experiments with lowered temperature in the year
1899, 40, May 15, June 1.---Fyles, T. W. The ‘‘entomological
muddle,’’ a rejoinder, 1 pl., 4, July.---Gauckler, H. Melanism among
Macrolepidoptera, $4, July 12.—Grose-Smith, H. Rhopalocera Ex-
otica, being Illustrations of New, Rare, or Unfigured Species of Butter-
flies. London, Gurney and Jackson. Part 51, Jan. 1900. Part 52, April,
1900.—Grote, A. R. A new Ca/oca/a from Texas*, 4, June ; Types
of Noctnid genera, 4, July.—Hoffman, H. Do the hairs of young
caterpillars serve as a means of transportation [by wind-carriage]? 84,
July 5.—Hulst, G..D. Some new genera and species of Phycitine*, 4,
June.—Kathariner, L. On the relations between the markings of the
front and the hind wings of Lepidoptera. fig., 84, May 24.—Moore, F-.
Lepidoptera Indica, parts xlii, xliii, London, Lovell Reeve and Co., 1899.
Rec’d. June 4, 1900. [Vol.:iv, pp. 113-136, pls. 325-332, pp. 137-160, pls.
333-340. Nymphaline, group Nymphalina continued].—Quail, A. A
fragmentary paper on the larval structure, etc., of Hepia/us ? virescens
(D’bld) of New Zealand. 1 pl., 109.—Rauterberg, F. List of Lepid-
optera of the County of Milwaukee (cont.), 123.—Santini de Riols,
E. See Economic Entomology.—Soule, C. G. Some mating notes,
5, June —Standfuss, M. Synopsis of experiments in hybridization
and temperature made with Lepidoptera up to the end of 1898, 1 pl.
{Transl. from German orig.], 9, June.—Tutt, J. W. Migration and
dispersal of insects : Lepidoptera, 21, May 15-Aug. 1.—Vayssiere, A.
and Bordas, L. Study of the case of a species of Psychid from the
neighborhood of Tombouctou, 1 pl., Annales de la Faculté des Sciences.
de Marseille. x, 5. Rec’d July 9, 1900.—Weeks, A. G. See notice,
post. :
HYMENOPTERA.— Aaron, S. F. Case of double parasitism
[Osmia on Trypoxylon in Pelopens cells], figs., 132, June.—Ash-
544 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [September,
mead, W. H. Classification of the fossorial, predaceous and parasitic
wasps, or the superfamily Vespoidea, paper No. 2, 4, June; On the
genera of the Chalcid-flies belonging to the sub-family Encyrtinz, Pro-
ceedings, United States-National Museum, No. 1202, Washington, 1900.—
Buscalioni, L. and Huber, J. A new theory of the ‘‘ant plants,”
Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt, ix, 2, Cassel, 1900.—v. Buttel-
KReepen, H. Are bees reflex machines? Experimental contributions
to the biology of the honeybee (concl.), 81, May 1.—Cockerell, T. D.
A. Observations on bees collected at Las Vegas, New Mexico, and in
‘the adjacent mountains*, 11, May; The cactus bees, genus Lithurgus.
3, June; The New Mexico bees of the genus A/egachile and a new
Andrena*, 11, July.—Ferton, C. Observations on the instinct of
Bembex Fabr., Actes, Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux, liv, ’99.—
Forel, A. Hymenoptera, vol. iii, pp. 161-169 and title page, 15.—
Frey-Gessner, E. Hymenoptera Helvetiz [cont., pp. 85-116], 56.—
Friese, H. New species of the bee-genera Zficharis Klug and Centris
Fabr.* [two papers], 49; Remarks on the bee genus Zug/ossa Latr.,
49 —Howard, L. O. A new genus of Apheiinine from Chile, 4,
June.—Janet, C. On the balls of dirt cleaned out by ants, 30b; On
the presence of naked nymphs in the nests of Lasius flavus, 30D;
On the cephalic nerves, the corpora allata and the tentorium of the ant,
4 pls., 30m.—Kieffer, J. J. Cynipidz, forming vol. vii of Species
des Hyménopteres d’ Europe et d’ Algerie fondé par Edmond André et
continué sous la direction de Ernest André. 69e fascicule, Paris, Jan. 1,
1900. Rec’d May 23. Ph. 433-512, pls. xix, xx.—Koschevnikov, G.
A. On the fat-bodies and the cenocytes of the Honeybee (Apis mellifica
Z.) (preliminary communication), 22, June 25.—Kiister, E. Contri-
butions to knowledge of the anatomy of galls, figs., Flora, Ixxxvi, 2,
Marburg, Apr. 12, ’00.—Maegillivray, A. D. Zenthredo, new species*,
4, Jjune.—Michaelis, G. Structure and development of the male copu-
latory apparatus in the honeybee, 1 pl., 97.—Mitchell, A. B. The
tarantula wasp, 132, May.—Murtfeldt, M. EK. New Tineidz with
life histories*, 4, June.—Oudemans, J.T. 7richisoma lucorum, L., a
biological study {in Dutch], 1 pl., Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, xlii, 4,
The Hague, March 9, ’00o,—Peckham, G. W., and E.G. Additional
observations on the instincts and habits of the solitary wasps, 123.—
Plateau, F. Vision in Anthidium manicatum, L., Volume Jubilaire
Cinquantenaire, Société de Biologie de Paris, ’99,—Robertson, C,
Some Illinois bees*, Transactions, Academy of Science, St. Louis, x, 2,
Feb. 21, ’00.—Wasmann, E, See Neuroptera.—Zander, E, Con-
tributions to the morphology of the male sexual appendages of the
Hymenoptera, figs., 1 pl., 97.
Illustrations of Hitherto Unfigured Lepidoptera. By A. G. Weeks,
Jr. Published by theauthor. “ Believing that, when circumstances per-
mit, colored illustrations should accompany the descriptions of new species
of Lepidoptera, | take pleasure in submitting the first of a series of papers
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 545
in which I intend to publish illustrations, with descriptive text, of pre-
viously unfigured species from my collection.”” Hypolycena festata,
Lemonias Maxime, Pyrgus pelagica, Myscelia Streckeri, Colias hecate
and Pyrola pandora © are figured in a most beautiful manner, both sides
of the insects being shown. Mr. Weeks is to be congratulated on the
appearance of this excellent contribution to the literature of the Lepidop-
tera. We shall look forward with pleasure to the appearance of further
contributions of a like character.—H. SKINNER.
Our knowledge of the geographical distribution of the North American
Odonata grows steadily. A considerable addition to the data furnished
by Dr, Scudder and Mrs. Slosson for New Hampshire is Mr. Edward J.
Burnham’s “ Preliminary Catalogue of the Anisoptera in the vicinity of
Manchester, N. H.,’’ published in 130, enumerating 28 species of this
suborder, with notes on their habits, etc. It appears that Macromia
illinoensis, which occurs in hundreds in a particular station near Man-
chester, is preyed upon by birds to such an extent that, after the
slaughter, the ‘‘careful observer will discover wings in vast numbers
scattered beneath the trees.’’ One male each of Neurocordulia obsoleta
and of Pantala flarescens are recorded; this is the most northern lo-
cality in the eastern United States now known for this latter, cosmopoli-
tan species.
A more extensive work is Mr. E. B. Williamson’s ‘‘ The Dragonflies
of Indiana.’’ (24th Annual Report of the Department of Geology and
Natural Resources of Indiana, pp. 229-333, 1003-Ior1, 7 plates, Indian-
apolis, 1900.) This fills the same place for Indiana that Prof. Kellicott
and Mr. Hine’s ‘‘Odonata of Ohio’’ does for that State. Descriptions
of 84 species, positively known to have been found, and of others
likely to occur, are given, with many data on habits, place and time of
appearance of the imagos. A key to all the known genera, pp. 247-251,
and keys to the species under each genus facilitate identification. Pp.
223-244 contain a general account of these insects. A feature of the
present work, not often met with, is the addition of the etymology of the
generic and specific names. A good glossary and index occupy pp.
1003-1010. Mr. Williamson has collected much in the vicinity of Bluffton
and elsewhere, while the other chief sources of the material have been
Mr. R. J. Weith of Elkhart, Mr. C. C. Deam and Mr. W. S. Blatchley,
Orthopterist and State Geologist. As regards the species represented
we may note a new Enadlagma, piscinarium, allied to geminatum Kell.;
the identification of the long lost Agrion antennata Say as Enal. Fischeri
Kell., the species being now consequently known as £. anfennatum,
while in the genus Gomphus we may take this opportunity of making a
correction affecting both the present work and Kellicott’s ‘‘ Odonata of
Ohio.’ Specimens kindly loaned for the purpose by Messrs. Adams,
Hine and Williamson have enabled me to ascertain that the G. externus
Kell. and G. externus Wllmsn. are in reality G. crassws Hagen, as Mr.
Williamson suspects in this very paper. The true ex/ernus, although in-
546 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [September,
habiting Illinois, does not appear to have yet been found in Indiana or
Ohio. (I hope to shortly publish a brief paper on this question, giving
the specific distinctions of fraternus, crassus and externus.) Four of the
plates of the work under notice illustrate structure and the use of, terms ;
the other three figure specific characters of Exallagma, Gomphus, Lestes,
Argia, 4schna and Sympetrum. Altogether, Mr. Williamson’s work is
very good.
One would not ordinarily look in a paper on ‘‘Odonaten aus New-
Guinea’’ (49) for the description of a new genus from North America.
Herr F.. Forster has doubtless included it, however, for the sake of com-
parison with a certain Papuan form. The new genus in question is
Nasieschna,t erected for 4schna pentacantha Rambur. The diagnosis
is in French, from the pen of Baron de Selys-Longchamps. The name
refers to the character of the nasus, which is greatly excavated. The re-
lationship is stated to be with Apieschna, Brachytronand Acantheschna.
—P. P. CALVERT.
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIG ENTOMOLOGY.
Edited by Prof. JOHN B. SMITH, Sc.D., New Brunswick, N. J.
Papers for this department are solicited. They should be sent to the editor
Prof. John B. Smith, Sc.D., New Brunswick, N. J.
FISH OIL SOAP FOR THE ROSE BUG.
Macrodactylus subspinosus Fab.
In Ent. News, Vol. XI, p. 373, Prof. J. B. Smith records his suspicion
that a solution of one-half pound of fish oil soap in a gallon of water will
not kill the rose bug, Macrodactylus subspinosus, as reported on p. 70 of
Bull. 20, N. S., Div. Ent., U. S. Dept. of Agric.
It was my privilege to make the test under Prof. Webster’s divettion:
and hence I am quite familiar with details.
The destruction of the females was a surprise. I ‘‘ examined closely ”’
and found that the females greatly distended with eggs were the most
susceptible—they were vo/ ‘‘worn-out specimens.’’ The males and newly
emerged females were the most important. If you observe closely, you
will find that in the distended females the spiracles are exposed. In the
males and newly emerged females the spiracles are covered by the elytra.
But as they struggle about to escape, the solution reaches the spiracles
and they die in a short time. As pointed out in the discussion at Colum-
bus, this fact is quite significant and makes further explanation unneces-
sary. The spray was not ‘‘an impalpable mist.’’ As the beetles cluster
preferably on the blossoms and the fruit, the spray was turned directly
upon them, thus giving them a more thorough wetting than in ordinary
spraying a tree.--C, W. Matty, Cape Town, So. Africa.
4 Ought ‘not : this to be Rhinaeschna , P,P C,
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 547
Notes and News.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.
ON page 498, June, 1900, ENT. NEws, isa note by Prof. Ellison A. Smyth,
Jr. He is made to say the following: ‘‘I am sure that fenuzs, diffinis,
uniforms, thysbe, are the same.’’ His copy read as follows: ‘‘/enuis :
diffinis : : uniformis : thysbe. The “' printer’s devil,’’ not understanding
algebraic equations, got the thing intoasnarl. Had the learned Professor
eschewed algebra and used English as follows: ¢enuts is to diffinis as
uniformis is to thysbe, the ‘‘devil’’ would have had no excuse to play
tricks. Prof. Smyth will have a very interesting article on this subject in
a future number of the NEws.
Every Entomologist should have a copy of the ‘‘Entomologist’s Direc-
tory,’’ which contains names and addresses and lines of study of 1200
American Entomologists. Published by the American Entomological
Society.
THE ‘‘ Revision of the North American species of the genus Cenonym-
pha,’ by Henry Skinner, just published by the American Entomological
Society, gives the original descriptions of all the species, and contains a
three-color process plate representing eighteen figures and all the known
American species.
THE ‘‘ Kissing Bug’’ is again epidemic in Philadelphia, and there is
great danger from overcrowding in the wards of the hospitals. According
to the daily press Dr. , of the Jefferson Hospital staff, knows more
about the far-famed osculatory ‘‘dee¢/e’’ and its habits than any other
person. He has treated more than one hundred cases, and has a large
collection of the ‘‘ dugs.’’ He found that in nearly every case the insect
was a long black beetle, with a sting like that of the honey-bee. The
victims never have any pain, but awaken in the morning with their lips
inflated. Another Philadelphia scientist explains that there is no such
thing as a ‘‘kissing-bug,’’ and that the damage is all done by a spider
that perforates the lips of victims with its antenne. The famous kisser is
often illustrated, and sometimes looks like a cross between 7Vha/essa
Zunator and Gryllotalpa borealis. The “kissing bug,’’ however, is likely
to sink into insignificance when the ‘‘ locomobile bug”’ appears in August.
This insect has a long snout and bores into the kerosene tank of the
horseless wagon, and the result is a terrific explosion. Now this is really
serious and often causes death, whereas the ‘‘kissing-bug’’ seldom does,
and the *‘ bicycle-tire bug’”’ is only most aggravating and often lets the
wind out of a tire when the victim is on a ‘‘century run,” ! ! ! !
Buc PuncturEs BicycLe Tires.—Evanston is now presenting to
_ science the latest freak in bugs—the ‘‘bicycle” bug. This hornet-like
insect looks like a caricature of a New Jersey mosquito. On a body little
more than an inch long it supports a pair of tentacles four inches long,
with which it works havoc with the rubber tires of the wheels. The bug
bores into the rubber until the escaping air frightens it away.
548 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [September,
The first wheelman to suffer was Peter Arndt. He found one of the
tires flat, while on the other one was the first ‘*‘ bicycle’ bug that has yet
been captured. He took his prize to Witt Bros.’ repair-shop, where it
soon drew a crowd of curious spectators. Before the afternoon had passed
a number of Chicago wheelmen told the same story of the strange bug.
Professor William A. Locy, of the Northwestern University biological
laboratories, called the bug an ichneumon. It is not common in this.
country. Its usual place of burying its tentacles is in the bark of a tree,
laying its eggs through them. Professor Locy said that perhaps the bug
mistook the soft rubber for the pulp on the trees.— Newspaper.
Doings of Societies.
The May meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social, was held
at the residence of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, 1523 South 13th St. ;
eleven persons were present.
Mr. Harbeck reported the capture of Calosoma Willcoxt, a
rare beetle in this locality.
Mr. H. Wenzel stated that he had on one occasion observed
members of this species devouring caterpillars in Cape May
Co., New Jersey.
Mr. Boerner reported the capture of a specimen of this species
on May 16th.
The occasional occurrence in abundance of several rare species
of coleoptera was discussed by Messrs. H. W. Wenzel, Boerner,
Harbeck and Fox. |
Mr. Boerner gave the results of sifting for Pselaphidz along
‘ the Neshaminy Creek, Pennsylvania. The collection included
Rhexidius canaliculatus, Rhexius globosus, an unidentified spe-
cies of Batrisus, and one of 7ychus.
Dr. Castle stated that while he had found Wegalonycha fus-
cula last year in great abundance at Angora, Pa., this year
only a single specimen had been taken.
Mr. H. Wenzel exhibited specimens of Bryaxus abdominalis
showing peculiar sexual characteristics. Of the specimens re-
cently taken, the average was three males, against twenty-five
females.
Specimens of Anthocharis genutia, Nisoniades martialis, Theela
smilacis Thecla augustus, were reported as having been taken
on April 29th, at Laurel Springs, New Jersey, by Mr. F.
Hoyer. WILLIAM J. Fox, Secretary,
Ent. News. Vol. XI. : Pl. XY.
SS fo
SS
NEW MAINE COLLEMBOLA.
1. ACHORUTES TIGRINA. 2-4, ENTOMOBRYA AGLIS.
5. GENUS? SP.7 6-9. SMYNTHURUS BRUNNEUS,
ENTOMOLOGICAL. NEWS
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
Vor. XI. OCTOBER, 1900. No. 8.
CONTENTS:
Harvey—New Maine Collembola..... 549 Hix, ATi zOna hea iicenccudeicdcaadaes 563
Hulst—Notes on Some N. A. Geome- ELGitOrial ...'0ssmiiedecsccessuevenaces fea STE
trina and Pyralidina (concluded),. 554 | Entomological Literature.............- 572
Banks—Two New Species of Troctes. 559 | Notes and NewS..-......++eeeeeeeenees 577
Griffith—Coleopterous Fauna of Phoe- _ Doings of Societies...........sceccceee 578
New Maine Collembola.
By the late F. L. HARvVEy, Orono, Me.
: Plate XV.
Entomobrya (Sinella) aglis. n. sp. (Pl. xv, figs. 2-4).
White, excepting the eye patches which are brown; clothed with plu-
mose hairs, those about the head and neck, and scattered ones on the
body, bowed arid clubbed. Antennz about as long as the head, thick
set, joints in one specimen in the ratio 4: 6:5:13, in another 8:15 :
12 : 27; the terminal joint nearly as long as the other three joints together,
two and three broad at the distal and narrow at the proximal end, clothed
with hairs, those on the terminal joint verticillate. Eye patches two on
each side of the head, small ; the anterior larger and bearing two ocelli
close together and transversely arranged ; the posterior elongated, with
a single ocellus, at the anterior end. Legs rather stout and hairy ; superior
claw with two teeth on the inner edge, one tooth near the middle and the
other half way between it and the distal end, sides of the claw depressed ;
inferior claw plain, half as long as the superior, apparently round and
gradually sloping to the apex ; a single tenent hair bulbous at the end.
Furculum more than half as long as the body and head together, manu-
brium and dentes nearly equal in length, dentes corrugated transversely
-on the under surface, two stout plumose hairs extend beyond the end of
the mucrones. Mucrones with two teeth in side view, the first forming a
hook at the end, the other at right angles to the mucrone.
8
yw'r
550 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ October,
A small, active, rather thick set species. Found in the cellar
under boards and barrels at Orono. Size about 1 mm. Four
specimens examined November, 1898, and other specimens
taken in April, 189g, by F. L. Harvey.
Remarks.—The eye patches are somewhat variable in outline,
usually separated, bnt sometimes connected by pale threads of
color. ‘The bowed hairs on the bady, and the stout hairs pro-
jecting beyond the dentes, are easily rubbed Off and may not
show in alcoholic specimens, but are easily found in fresh
material. he's
This species in the structure of the superior claw and in the
mucrones is related to .S. myrmecophila Reut.
The eye patches are small, like those of S. curviseta Brook.,
but the ocelli are six ; the antennz are also much shorter and
the joints different The claws are very different from those
of S. Hofi Schaffer.
It may be distinguished from the described species by the
white color, small size, nature of the eye patches, the six
ocelli, the stout, short, hairy antenne. Only two American
species of S7zc//a have been described; SS. curviseta Brook.,
and .S. sexoculata Schott, from California and Mexico. ‘The
above is the first species from eastern North America. Schott,
Reuter, Schaffer and Folsom think the genus Szzed/a should be
merged into /xtomobrya, an opinion also entertained by the
writer.
Smyathurus brunneus n. sp. (P|. xv, figs. 6-9).
Pale yellow with a pale brown band on the back reaching one-third
down the sides and extending on to the head including the black eye
patches. Starting from the penult segment and extending obliquely
along the side toward the base of the legs, is a narrow extension of the
brown dorsal band,
Antenne longer than the head, pale purple, the terminal joints much
darker ; the terminal joint composed of about ten sub-joints, Eye patches
black, conspicuous ; ocelli eight on each side of the head.
The terminal segment armed with stout curved hairs. A few prominent
hairs on the back. Legs pale, superior claw long and without teeth, infe-
rior claw nearly as long as the superior, swollen at the base, abruptly
narrowing at one-third from the base and ending in a long slender point.
The sucker prominent, when extended, reaching beyond the head, the
catch conspicuous and of the form shown in fig. 6, Elater stout, when
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 551
extended reaching beyond the body, the dentes furrowed below and
bearing about ten, stout, long hairs on each margin. On the under surface
of the dentes, near the base of the mucrones, is a stout bristle which is
swollen in the basal half and extends to about three-fourths the length of
the mucrone. On the dorsal side near the base of the mucrones are a few
stout curved hairs. Mucrones oblong in outline with a median and dorsa]
ridge, the under edge thin and without teeth.
Total length about 1 mm.
Found in May under boards where it had hibernated. Orono,
May, 1898, F. L. Harvey.
Remarks.—This species is related to S. arvalis Fitch and
S. fitchtt Folsom, but differs in the antennal subjoints as well
asin the claws. It has been called S. drunneus on account of
the broad brown band on the back. ‘The figures are camera
lucida drawings made by the writer.
Genus? sp.? (Pl. xv, fig. 5).
Description.—White, washed with pale blue. Eye patches prominent,
black, connected by a narrow band. Eight ocelli on each side of the head.
Antennz apparently four jointed, pale blue throughout, darker than the
body, nearly twice as long as the head, very stout, ratio of the joints, 2 :
3:6:11. ‘The terminal joint broad, about as long as the other three
together, annulated by about twelve rings, armed with short hairs.
Claws large and stout for the size, without teeth, a single tenent hair
bulbous at the end. Elater and mucrones much as in 7Zempletonia.
Length .6 mm.
A small, stout, active species found in celery stored in the
cellar, Orono, Maine, January, 1890, F. L. Harvey.
Remarks.—We have seen only two specimens of this remark-
able form. They were examined alive and finally one specimen
was preserved in balsam. We had hoped to find more, but have
not, and so record our notes, thinking they will be interesting,
and wait for more specimens before placing the species definitely.
The ringed terminal joint of the antennz would suggest 7emp-
letonia, but as species of 7empletonia are now known without an-
nulated antennz, there is no reason why a species of some other
genus, ordinarily with plain antennz, may not have them ringed.
The four joints to the antennz we think would exclude this form
from 7empletonia. 'The prominent eye patches, eight ocelli and
their arrangement, and the presence of scales would suggest Le-
pidocyrtus, but the mesonotum does not project over the head,
552 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [October,
which would suggest Sezva. There are scales and also long hairs
covering the body ; this would exclude it from Lntomodrya.
The fourth segment of the body, however, is not much longer
than the third and is more like an /sotoma.
We present a drawing, fig. 5, made by L. H. Homer, of the
Junior Class, University of Maine, which shows the form. We
will loan the slide to anyone who may care to see e the specimen.
Achorutes tigrina n. sp.
The ground color straw yellow mottled with patches of deep bieieas ;
the sutures show the ground color and give a transversely banded appear-
ance ; the dark markings on the dorsum arranged in three interrupted
longitudinal bands, one median and the others lateral, alternating with
the ground color; these longitudinal stripes show more plainly on the
middle of the body, where each segment bears about three blotches in
each band. Body quite slender for the genus, covered with minute tuber-
cles ; armed with stout curved hairs ; there are from one to two very long
hairs on the lateral prominences of each segment and also several short
ones. The terminal segment without anal spines but armed with several
very long curved hairs. Antenne stout, clothed with hairs, gradually taper-
ing, terminal joint about as long as the two preceeding ones, obtuse at the
end. .Eye patches prominent, situated directly behind the antennz in the
middle of each lateral half of the head, ocelli eight on each side of the
head. Legs stout ; upper claw large and broad at the base for the length ;
a single small tooth on the inner margin about one-third from the end.
Inferior claw very slender, about two-thirds as long as the superior, end-
ing in a slender point ; tenent hair single, stout, fully twice as long as the
superior claw and slightly bulbous at the end ; furcula short and stout.
Described from eight specimens found on bark in the woods
at Poronal, Me., May, 1899, by O. O. Stover, of the Senior Class
of the University of Maine.
Characterized by the slender form, absence of anal spines,
peculiar color pattern, tubercled body, long hairs on the body,
structure of the claws and the furcula.
Remarks.—So far as we know an Achorutes without anal
spines has not been described from the United States. The
figure shows the form too broad for the length, because of flat-
tening in mounting. ‘The outlines were made with a camera
lucida. No attempt is made to show the peculiar mottled and
striped appearance, but only the location of the long hairs.
Isotoma n, sp. ?
White throughout, clothed with long, straight, pointed hairs ; apparently
blind, at least no eye patches ; body elongated, giving one the impression
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. ; 553
of Lipura ; thorax particularly long ; antennz about as long as the head,
the three proximal joints about equal, the termina] nearly as long as the
others together ; legs short ; the claws without teeth, the inferior claw not
dilated at the base ; elater not reaching the vertical tube, the dentes twice
as long as the manubrium and very slender, the manubrium reaching a
little beyond the abdomen ; mucrones with two teeth, the terminal hooked,
the second longer and vertical.
Found in moss in the woods, Orono, Me., April, Hah me F. L. Harvey-
Packard, birt it cannot be either.
It differs from /. zzval/is in having the first tooth of the mu-
crone curved, dentes twice as long as manubrium instead of
slightly longer, and the manubrium extending beyond the
body ; there is no tooth on the inner margin of the superior
claw.
It differs from /. a/bella Pack. in not having eye patches, the
lower claw is lanceolate and not dilated at the base and the
mucrones have only two teeth.
If our diagnosis is correct, this species would, following Mac
Gillivray, be related to 7. parva Mac G., from which it differs
in color and in having the claw not dilated in the middle. (The
second and third antennal segments are dilated at the apex as in
this species. )
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XV.
Fig. 1. Achorutes tigrina n. sp., dorsal view.
Figs. 2-4. Entomobrya aglisn. sp. 2, side view of the insect ; 3, the foot
enlarged showing structure of the claws and the tenent hair ; 4,
side view of a mucrone, showing also the coarse hairs at the tip of
the dens.
Fig. 5. Genus? sp. ? side view of the insect.
Figs. 6-9. Smynthurus brunneus n. sp. 6, the catch; 7, dentes and mu-
crones ; 8, foot and claws ; 9, side view of the insect.
ees
>
COELIOXYS 8-DENTATA AND ITS HOST.—Although it has been long
known that the bee-genus Coe/ioays is parasitic on bees of the genus
Megachile, yet none of the many American species have been hitherto
bred from the cells of the latter, our knowledge of the parasites having
come from observations on European species. During the past Summer
I received from Dr. Henry C. McCook several cells of the leaf-cutting
bee, Megachile mendica Cresson, from which there emerged in due time
four female host-bees, and one female specimen of Coelioxys octodentata
Say.—WI1L.14M J. Fox.
554 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. (October,
Notes on Some N. A. Geometrina and Pyralidina.
By Gro. D. HULST.
- GEOMETRINA.
(Continued from p. 531, Vol. xi, No. 7.)
It isa matter of interest that Mr. Aurivilius, of Sweden, has,
from a study of the type of Fabricius, ascertained that Phalena
@rata Fabr. is the same as Synchlora glaucata Guen. ‘(rubivora
Riley). Fabricius described another N. A. species as Phalena
bicolorata, which is not yet determined, but may be Cymatophora
distriburaria Hubn. But as Fabricius had already described a
Phalena bicolorata from South Ameria, his name in any event
falls for the American insect.
Mr. Cross wrote me that, at my request, he had made an ©
examination of certain types of Dr. Packard. He considers
Asthena brunneifasciata Pack., as at best, a variety of Asthena
albifera Walk. (albogilvaria Morr.). He also does not consider
Boarmia polygrammaria Pack. a good species, and is also of
the opinion that -xdropia apiciaria Pack. and Endropia pilo-
saria are variations of the same species.
I would like just here to give my testimony to the character
and worth of Mr. Edward Winslow Cross, who, a few months
since, came to an untimely end. He wasa young man of great
refinement and culture, and did his work thoroughly and pati-
ently. Hehadin him, by education and tendency, the making
of one of the best of entomologists, as by nature he had in him
the making of one of the noblest. The science met with a very
great loss in his passing away from us.
Prof. Forbes’ Rept. State Ent., Ills., xiv, 95, 1885, describes
an insect as Piston upsilon. Not long since my attention was
called to this description, and Prof. Forbes very kindly sent
me material for study. I find it is the insect afterwards de-
scribed by me as Nacophora carlotta. Whether there are any
more descriptions of Geometers buried in the myriads of State,
personal and Experiment Station Reports, I do not know. If
original descriptions are made in such reports it would seem
some note of the fact ought to be made in some regularly
issued scientific journal, or better, a duplicate description be
given there. ‘This insect does not seem to be uncommon in
TEE AO En
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 555
Illinois, and Prof. Lugger reports it as fairly common in Min-
nesota. My own types came from Charlotte Harbor, Fla.
From an examination of a number of specimens I am now of
the opinion that Fustroma cunigeratum Walk. and £. explana-
tum Walk. are distinct species.
Having received specimens of A/ypsipetes albifasciata Pack.,
which Dr. Packard puts as a variety of /Yydriomena sordidata
Fabr., I consider it not only specifically but generically distinct.
It belongs to Hxchoria Hulst.
In Staudinger’s Catalogue, No. 2686, p. 189, 1871, we have
a species catalogued without description as C7daria lugubrata
Staud. It is the same as the /ucfuata of authors, but that is
not the /uctuata of Hubner. But Moeschler had previous to
this, named a variety from Labrador as Cidaria obductata. ‘This
last name was, therefore, the first name given to the species. It
seems the species ought; therefore, to be catalogued Czdaria 0b-
ducta Moesch., with Staudinger’s form as the variety.
In Rho. Het. N. A., Suppl. II, Dr. Strecker publishes quite
a number of new species of Geometers. How many of these
are good species I am unable to say. Geometra bellonaria is, I
am certain, a synonym of Afplodes obliqgua Hulst. Sicya fausti-
naria is a variation of S. macularia Harr. Whether it is exactly
covered by any of the variations described by Guenee I cannot
say. Marmopteryx topazata is a good species, but belongs not
to Marmopteryx but Canocalpe Hubn.
I have elsewhere suggested that Acidalia frigidaria Moesch.
was a variation of A. zxductata Guen., but, as I have since
learned, without sufficient reason. Having now males of both
species, I find, though very like each other in form and color,
the males distinctly differ in structure.
Having received a $ of Racheospila xysteraria Hulst, I find
it is a Synchlora.
I have alsoa $8 Selidosema correllatum Wulst, which shows
it should be catalogued under C/eora Curt.
I have received from the National Museum a specimen of
Endropia bilineata Pack., with a label in, I believe, Prof.
Fitch’s handwriting upon it, marked, Exdropia johnsonaria
Fitch. So it may be considered settled that the two species
are the same, Fitch’s name having priority.
556 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. . [October,
I have come to the conclusion that Bronchelia hortaria Fab.
must be placed as a’synonym of Phalena virginiaria Cram. ;
that Ephyra pendulinaria Guen. is the same as Arrhrostia
lumenaria Hubn.; that Aumacaria brunneata Pack. is one
with Hypargytis pustularia Hubn. ; and that Acidalia recondi-
Zaria Walk. (known commonly as 4. enxucleata Guen., which
it is not), is the same as Eudepidotis alabastaria Hubn.
While there is some difference between the types, I have
concluded that Déastictis subacuta Hulst and Alacaria respersata
Hulst are the same; that 7hamnonoma pervolata Hulst and
Phasiane hebitata are the same, that Phasiane mellistrigata Grt.
and Phasiane trifasciata Pack. are the same. ‘There will almost
surely be a uniting of more species, as more abundant material
is obtained.
Mr. Hanham, of Winnipeg, writes me that ozs inductata
Guen. is double brooded in that locality.
Mr. Bruce says of Ewcrostis viridipennata Hulst, “it is com-
mon on a boggy tract of land in Park Co., Col., at about 9000
feet altitude. It apparently feeds on /Pofentilla, as I always
beat it from that plant. The green is dark, but so fugitive,
that it always turns yellow in dampening. ‘They must be
spread before they are stiff or the color is gone.’’
Mr. Bruce says of Welamea magdalena Hulst, that it flies
around the tops of pines at high elevation (10,000 feet), and
is extremely difficult to get, as it seldom flies low enough for
the net. It flies by day.
Mr. Cockereil, writing from southern New Mexico, tells me
‘the larva of Euephyra serrulata Pack. was found on heads of
Bigelovia gracilens var., at the beginning of October. It emerged
in the early part of November. The larva was uncertain, as two
or three kinds were mixed, but I think the larva which was of
this species was entirely orange yellow, the color of the flowers.’’
Dr. Kunze writes me of “mplocia cephisaria Grt. ‘‘ My speci-
mens were all taken in the San Francisco Mountains, Ariz., in
bright sunshine, rifling the flowers of Wyethia sp. and Rua-
beckia lanceolata, the most at an elevation of 8600 feet, some
as high as 9500 feet. I saw them on no other flowers. They
were taken between July 19th and August 2d. Both this and
Die Fe eh
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 557
Gnophela hopferi feed on Wyethia. ‘This (the Emplocia) is a
shy insect and keeps a weather eye open ior pursuers.’
Dr. Prime tells me that Szcva macularia Harr. has not been
found by him, except very rarely, and then only one year, at .
Franconia, N. H., where his summer home is. But at his
**Cabin,’’ as he calls it, some-1500 or 2000 feet higher on the
mountain, near the notch, the insect appears suddenly about
the middle of August, and in about a week disappears just as
suddenly. It comes in myriads, so that, as it is attracted by
the light, it is impossible to read or write owing to the multi-
tudes fluttering about, and the walls and ceiling of the room
are covered and literally made yellow by the moths at rest
upon them.
PYRALIDINA.
Sir George F. Hampson has published a classification of the
Pyralidina of the world, which is of great interest to all who
have to do with these insects. It is difficult, however, to make
much of a comparison, as his genera are rarely or never fonnded
upon what is peculiar to one sex only. His subgenera, there-
fore, correspond pretty fairly to our genera. He brings out
one new point in the synonomy that Z7oripalpus Grt. is the
same as Jocara Walk.
From Mr. Hampson I have had a number of determinations:
of species. He is of the opinion that 1/oodna pelviculella Hulst
equals Manhatta lugubrella Rag. ‘The genus is a good one.
Ragonot had the female only.
Unadilla nasutella Hulst is a synonym of Unadilla erronella
Zell. ,
Mr. Hampson thinks A/ascosa bicolorella Hulst is a synonym
of Saluria glareosella Zell. But if Ragonot’s description of his
genus Sa/urza is correct, the species are not only not the same
but are in different genera. A/ascosa has 11 veins in the fore-
wings, while Sa/uria has 10 only. In his new classification,
which will be published in Volume II of the Phycitidz of the
World, Ragonot will place g/areocella under Poujadia Rag.
But in A/ascosa the antenne of ¢ are hardly crenulate, are
bent above base, and have scale tuft. In Poujadia they are
strongly crenulate, sometimes pectinate, bent above base, with
558 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ October,
a tuft of scales in the bend. In A/ascosa the maxillary palpi
are prominent, but not hair tufted ; in Poujadia they are hair ©
tufted. In A/Zascosa, in hind wings, vein 2 is at the angle; in
Poujadia, vein 2 is distant from angle. The two genera seem
thus to be well separated, and it is hardly possible the species
can be the same, unless Ragonot has incorrectly diagnosed
glareosella; if the species are the same A/ascosa ought to
stand.
Mr. Hampson also says Wekiva nodosella Hulst and Hypso-—
tropa luteicostella Rag. are the same, but here is another diffi-
culty. Wekiva has palpi erect, /ypsotropa has them ascend-
ing; Wekiva has antenne slightly bent, with tuft of scales in
bend, //ypsotropa has antennz bent, but without tuft of scales ;
Wekiva has ocelli, Hypsotropa has none; Wekiva has, in hind
wings, 7 and 8 stemmed, in Aypsotropa they are not stemmed
in the type. As to the species zodosel/a has costal streak reach-
ing apex, /utezcostella has not, though this may not be a specific —
distinction. But I would surely not yet join the species
as yet.
I have a 8 of Wyelots fructetella Hulst, and find it to be an
Acrobasts.
Acrobasis gulosella Hulst isa synonym of Pinipestis albovit-
tella Hulst.
Dioryctria brucei Hulst is a synonym of Ambdesa lallatalis
Hulst. :
I have from the National Museum a specimen of J/anhatta
obtusangulella Rag. without locality, bred by Prof, Riley, which
has on it a label stating it was bred from a larva found in seed
heads of Rhus copallina, In the Proc, Acad. Nat. Sci., Phil.,
206, 1860, Dr Clemens described phestia ostrinella, In con-
nection with the description he says, ‘‘ the larva lives in the
fruit heads of Sumach passing the winter in the larval state.”’
As far as it goes, Dr. Clemens’ description of imago applies
well enough to Wanhatta obtusangulella Rag. His type is lost,
but taking description and larval history together, I think we _
are warranted in considering that /phestia ostrinella Clem, and
Manhatta obtusangulella Rag, are the same.
Myeclois immundella Hulst is the same as 17, bilineatella Rag.
1900 ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 559
Two New Species of Troctes.
By NATHAN BANKS.
Our common 7yvoctes divinatorius (Atropos) for years re-
mained the sole representative of this genus in this country.
In 1883, however, Mr. Aaron, in the Trans. Am. Ent. Soc.,
described another form, 7: purpurea, found running over
papers in Philadelphia. This species has the middle femora
much larger than the fore femora and almost as large as the
hind femora, while in 7. dzvinatorius, as in the two following
species, the fore and middle femora are subequal and much
smaller than the hind femora. I have not seen Aaron’s species,
and it may not be congeneric with 7. divénatorius. Both of
these forms are associated with houses, but the two new species
described below are. out-of-door forms. Doubtless there are
many other species in the country, but it will be a long while
before collectors gather them.
The four known species may be tabulated as follow :
1. Middle femora much longer than fore femora, i reddish..purpurea.
Middle and fore femora subequal. . . . ere A Peas
2. Head and abdomen dark, thorax yellow, tooth on nia fonliee scarcely
developed ... pee =". To Oar.
Nearly unicolorus, a tooth near es si hind fine ein ey 3.
3 Color Dlackish, tooth blunt . . . |... .Bee at "niger.
Color pale, tooth quitesharp. . ..... tee " divinatorius.
Troctes bicolor n. sp.
Head shining brown to almost black ; abdomen the same, although a
little paler ; thorax clear yellow ; antennze brown on bases, paler toward
tips ; legs brown or nearly black ; tarsi and most of tibiz pale ; sternum
and under side of head yellow; venter dull yellowish, darker at tip.
Head rather quadrate, slightly emarginate on the vertex; clypeus
(nasus) very prominent ; eyes small, situate just above bases of antenne.
Antenne nearly as long as the body, two large basal joints, then six long
slender subequal joints, each about five times as long as broad, then five
joints much shorter and subequal, each about two and one-half or three
times as long as broad, then an apical joint rather longer than any of the
last five. Prothorax transverse, trilobed in front; meso- and metanotum
united in a flat plate, which is only slightly broader than long, broader
behind than in front, and with a median suture on the anterior part.
Abdomen about two and one-half times as long as broad, depressed,
truncate at base, slightly broader in the middle, and broadly rounded
behind. Each segment shows a rather darker transverse mark on the
560 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ October,
base. Body with scattered short white hairs, some longer and finer ones
near tip of abdomen. KEemora 1 and 2 about as long as width of the pro-
thorax, slightly enlarged ; hind femora as long as abdomen is broad at
base, much swollen, shining, with a few hairs, and scarcely a trace of the
tooth near base.
Length 1 mm.
This handsome species is described from many specimens
found running over dry boards at Falls Church, Virginia,
June, 1899. They hide in the cracks and walk out leisurely
enough, but if disturbed run with amazing swiftness so that
they are difficult of capture. They did not jump.
Troctes niger n. sp.
Whole body dull blackish; antennz paler at tips; tarsi and part of
tibia also pale; sternum dark; venter pale brown; head rather darker
than abdomen, which is darkest on the margins ; legs brown.
Head broad, slightly rounded on the sides ; nasus not very prominent ;
head with scattered short pale hairs ; eyes small. Antennz like the pre-
ceding species. Prothorax transverse, trilobate in front; meso- and
metathorax in one shield, faintly rugose, broader than long and narrower
in front, with an oblique impression each side and a median suture on the
fore part. Abdomen truncate at base, plainly broader in middle, and
broadly rounded behind, with many short erect scattered white hairs, a
few larger ones behind. Legs as in 7. dicolor; hind femur with an
obtuse tooth on outside above at greatest part of swelling.
Length .g mm.
Several specimens found on the under side of dead and de-
caying logs in woods near Falls Church, Virginia, June. ‘They
did not run very rapidly when disturbed and did not jump.
Tue University of the State of Missouri has sent an entomological ex-
pedition into Southern Mexico this past Summer. It was in charge of
Prof. J. M. Stedman, head of the Entomological Department, and had
for its object the making of a biological, largely entomological, survey of
the region from Vera Cruz on the Gulf, which is in perpetual tropics, to
the top of the volcano Popocatepetl, which is far above the perpetual
snow line, and down to’ Acapulco on the Pacific. This will give all the
temperature variations from perpetual tropics to perpetual snow, and will
allow of the study of life zones under conditions not to be found elsewhere
in North America. The collection will become the property of the Uni-
versity, which is to furnish half the expenses, the other half to be borne
by Prof. Stedman.
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 561
Coleopterous Fauna of Phoenix, Arizona, and
Surrounding Regions.
H. G. GrirriruH, M.D., Philadelphia.
The Salt River Valley of Arizona, that part of it in which
we were interested, is about 60 miles in length, with an aver-
age width of 15 miles.
The elevation is about 1200 feet above sea-level, surface
even, with an inclination of about 10 feet to the mile.
It is surrounded by mountains, some of which are lofty and
quite picturesque.
In the valley proper the soil is a rich alluvium of varying
depths, and by irrigation produces a variety of crops in great
abundance. |
Like all the arid regions of the west, there is a variety
of climates ; the summer heat sets in early, is intense and long
lasting, but not accompanied with any of the pernicious effects
noticed in localities nearer the seaboard. The winters are
usually mild. The dryness of the atmosphere is perpetual,
and all animal and vegetable matters rapidy dessicate.
The soils of the desert are of decomposed granitic and lava
rock mixed with sand and markedly alkaline, while the mesas
or table lands are composed of rocks and boulders covered with
a veneer of soil.
Central and southern Arizona has a flora peculiar to itself.
The cacti, yuccas and agavas are the most prominent. ‘The
plains are thickly covered with a great variety of shrubs and
bushes ; the grease-wood growing on the driest of the deserts,
is the most conspicuous shrub.
Along the water-courses are a variety of trees, the mesquite,
cottonwood, willow, sycamore and ash. At first sight there
seems to be much of a sameness in the flora of the plains ; the
uniform sage-green character of the foliage, with a preponder-
ance of red and yellow flowers would suggest a limited flora.
Close examination gives a number and variety of genera and
species that is almost a wonder; what to-day is a boundless
barren sand waste, when irrigated by a passing shower soon
bursts into full floral beauty and we wonder at the productive-
ness of the soil.
562 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ October,
The timber is confined to the ranges and water-courses, while
scattered growths of mesquite and palo-verde cover the foot- »
hills and isolated places on the plains.
Leaving the cultivated portion of the valley, we see the true
character of the country; long level stretches covered with
grease-wood under whose shelter many rare and delicate forms
of plant life grow.
As the country becomes more broken we reach the cacti zone
where we find ourselves in a veritable forest of these curiosities
of plant life.
Yuccas, an occasional pine and stunted oaks appear, but all
about you denotes the absence of the one great factor for the
welfare of this wonderful country—water.
The rains come at last, the desert blossoms, and with the
flowers come the insects, showing us a wealth of life that is
truly wonderful.
Thus in brief we have an idea of the physical condition of
the country.
The principal town of the region is Phoenix ; in making our
collecting excursions it was our headquarters. Being a dry
season, with about one-tenth of an inch of rain in ten months,
and most of the collecting done from October to May, the con-
ditions were not favorable to represent the fauna, but the series
gives an idea of its extent.
As will be seen by the subjoined list, there is commingling
of the fauna of the North with the Sonoran fauna of Mexico,
As civilization advances, and larger areas of desert lands are
reclaimed by irrigation, climatic changes will take place, forcing
the desert fauna to recede southward or become extinct, so that
collections made in future years will show marked changes from
those recorded by LeConte, Horn, Hubbard, Schwarz, Wick-
ham and others.
Of the immediate habits of the insects little is known except
of such forms as occur elsewhere. Cyllene antennatus and. 7ro-
gosita virescens inhabit the mesquite and prove very destructive.
In the most barren part of the desert we find /drofes ventri-
cosus, which are always in a hurry, though only to be found in
the early hours, hiding in their burrows during the heat of
mid-day.
4
|
.
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 563
Eleodes armata, longicollis and some others move with a slow,
majestic stride; when touched, they clevate the abdomen,
walking off, apparently, on their heads ; the name ‘‘ kangaroo
bugs’’ has been applied to them by the ranchmen.
Asidas are retiring and found, as a rule, under some protect-
ing material.
Hlololepta yucateca was found abundantly in decomposing
Cereus giganteus, while H7. cacté seemed to be a strange to the
region.
Chilcorus cacti always found on old mesquite trees which are
badly infested with various scale insects.
Many forms of Tenebrionidz are nocturnal in their habits ;
the intense heat of day often kills them when almost in their
burrows. ‘This we saw in many instances in the sandy bot-
toms along the Rio Verde.
Curious tracks left in the sand by beetles at once attract the
eye; Lusattus muricatus will leave their marks of character-
istic appearance. The larger //eodes making similar ones but
longer, and by following these we were able to locate their
burrows.
Those of Dinocleus differ somewhat, the tarsal joints bending
inward to help them along, and they are always to be found
about the roots of plants.
Cicindela guttifera found on wet sand along the Rio Verde,
very wild and unassociated with any other species.
Allorhina mutabilis proves a great menace to the horticultur-
ist, the fruit trees seeming alive with them.
Cotalpa consobrina is another pest, some seasons appearing in
vast numbers.
The young willow shoots gave us Chalcolepidius webbii,
behrensit and fartarus, without any of the unpleasant experi-
ences of Wickham and others.
Hlippomelas sphenicus we found in November, and so closely
does it resemble the branches of the mesquite that it requires
close searching to find them.
Flushing the banks of streams with water furnished many
species of riparian beetles, but the larger number were taken
at the electric light, as were the majority of Staphylinide.
564 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ October,
One of the best captures at lights was a specimen of Achrysox
surinamum, which is found more commonly in South America.
The decomposing tissues of the giant cactus forms a veritable
mine of insects, in such numbers that one is astonished.
There does not appear to be any limit to the collecting sea-
son, each month furnishing additional species. The acme of
collecting is from May to August, when, however, the intense
heat renders field work very trying. Ww
The requisites for collecting in this country are a good team
to take you from point to point, a strong canvas net capable of
resisting the thorns and spikes with which all vegetation is
covered, a very long pair of metal forceps to reach specimens
concealed between the spines of cacti; and the always impera-
tive canteen of water.
I have refrained from using the terms rare or scarce as from
personal observation ; if one collects at the right time our rari-
ties would become common. ‘To illustrate: on May roth, on
the desert northeast of Mesa, just at dusk, with a storm
threatening, the air seemed suddenly alive with a whirring
mass of insects, flying about the grease-wood, which was in
full bloom. In the short time allowed before the storm broke
we collected as many as possible, and found to our delight the
hitherto rare Tenebrionid—Cremodus testaceus.
I may safely say thousands could have been taken at the time,
but the most careful search afterwards under similar conditions
failed to discover any; such was our observation of many
other forms, and it is a safe rule to take advantage of these
opportunities, as others infrequently occur.
For the localities mentioned in the appended list, Phoenix
being the center, the Salt River, up and down for several miles,
is from one to two miles south. Tempe Desert, northeast from
Tempe for many miles. Mesa, east of Tempe eight miles and
the surrounding country. Rio Verde, northeast from Phoenix
fifty miles, all collecting done on east side of river from Mr,
Latterett’s ranch.
For a long time to come collectors may visit this region with
profit to themselves, and be delighted with acquiring material
under new and strange conditions. Had my health permitted
a ee
———
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 565
more active collecting, the series would have been much ex-
tended and been a truer exponent of the fauna.
In preparing the list I am indebted to Chas. Liebeck for the
bulk of the assorting and determinations, and also to H. C.
Fall, of Pasadena, Cal., for much assistance.
LIST OF SPECIES.*
CICINDELIDA§.
Tetracha carolina Zinz., Ph.
Cicindela guttifera Zec., R. V.
micans /aé., Ph.
lemniscata Zec., Ph.
preetextata Zec., Ph.
CARABIDZ.
Omophron gilz Zec,. Ph.
Calosoma prominens Zéc., Ph.
triste Lec., Ph., T.-D.
Scarites subterraneus /aé., Ph.
Dyschifius truncatus Zec, Ph.
sp. S. R.
Clivina ferrea Zec., S. R.
bipustulata 7a@é. var. R. V.,
. R:
Schizogenius crenulatus Zec.,S. R.
‘depressus Zec., Ph., R. V.,
S:“R:
n. sp.,’S; R.
Bembidium transversale De7., Ph.,
5.-R.
lugubre Zec., Ph.
striola Lec., Ph.
nubiculosum Chaud., Ph.
timidum Zec., Ph, S.R.
versicolor Lec., Ph., S. R.
scintillans Bates, Ph.
Tachys rapax Zec., S. R.
audax Zec., R. V.
trechiformis Hayw., R. V.
Pericompsus sellatus Zec., Ph.
Pterostichus subcordatus Zec., Ph.,
mV.
Amara jacobinz Zec., Ph.
Amara californica De,, Ph.
gibba Zec., Ph., R. V.
Platynus nutans Say., Ph.
punctiformis Say., Ph., R. V.
sp., Phigie.-y.
Lachnophorus elegantulus Mann.,
Ph.
Thalpius Horni Chd., Ph.
Ega letula Zee., S. R.
Tetragonoderus fasciatus A/7d., Ph.
pallidus Horn, R. V.
Lebia guttula Zec., S. R.
bivittata Fad , Ph.
Apristus subsuleatus De7.,Ph.,R.V.
Blechrus nigrinus A/ann., S. R.
Axinopalpus fusciceps Zec., S. R.
Callida platynoides Horn, R. V.
Cymindis laticollis Say, Ph.
n. sp., Ph.
Apenes nebulosa Zec., Ph.
Helluomorpha ferruginea Zee., Ph.
Brachynus Tehernikhii /anm., ? R.
Vis.-A:
carinulatus Mo/s., ? Ph.,R.V.
Chlzenius sericeus Fors?. var. R.V.
leucoscelis Chev., R.V.,S.R.
Oodes elegans Zec., S. R.
Piosoma setosum Zec., Ph.
Agonoderus lineola Fad., R. V.
pallipes Faé., Ph.
Discoderusimpotens Zec.,Ph.,R.V.
robustus Horn., Ph., R. V.
amoenus Zec., ? Ph., R. V.
sp., R. V.
cordicollis Horn, Ph., R. V_
* Abbreviations for localities :—Ph., Phoenix; S. R., Salt River; R. V., Rio Verde; T.
D., Tempe Desert.
566 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
Stenomorphus rufipésZec., Ph.
Harpalus caliginosus Faé., Ph.
pennsylvanicus De7., Ph.
Selenophorus palliatus. Zec., Ph.,
ME ae
pedicularius Ye7., Ph., R. V.,
SLR.
Stenolophus cincticollis Zec., Ph.,
R. V.
ochropezus Say., Ph.
Bradycellus rivalis Lec., ? Ph.
Anisotarsus flebilis Zec., Ph.
sp., Ph., R. V.
Pseudomorpha angustata //orn.,
R. V.
HALIPLIDAS.
Cnemidotus callosus Lec., Ph.
DYTISCIDAS.
Laccophilus decipiens Zec., Ph.
mexicanus Azdbe., Ph.
Bidessus cinctellus Zec., Ph:
Hydroporus sp., Ph.
sp., Ph.
Copelatus chevrolatii Aube., Ph.
Agabus lugens Zec., Ph.
semivittatus Zec., R. V.
Eretes sticticus Zizz., Ph.
Thermonectes latecincta Zec., Ph.
Cybister explanatus Zec., Ph.
HYDROPHILIDA®.
Helophorus lineatus Say., Ph.
Hydrophilus triangularis Say., Ph.
limbalis Zec., Ph.
ellipticus Zec., Ph.
Berosus exilis Zec., Ph.
infuseatus Lec., Ph.
Cheetarthbria pallida Zec., Ph.
Laccobius agilis Aand., Ph.
Philydrus pectoralis Zec., Ph.
Cercyon capillatum Zec., T. D.
Dactylosternum cacti Zec., T. D.
SILPHIDA}.
Necrophorus Melsheimeri Aédy., Ph.
STAPHYLINID.
Homalota semiopaca Fv/., R. V.,
S:R.
sp., R. V.
Aleochara bimaculata Grav., Ph.
nitida Grav., R. V.
sp., Ph.
Maseochara semivelutina So/., T.D.
opacella Sharp, R. V., T. D.
Heterothops occidentis Cas., Ph.
Quedius desertus Horn, Ph.
Creophilus villosus Grav., R. V.
Xanthopygus cacti Horn., T. D.
Staphylinus sp., Ph.
Belonuchus ephippiatus Say, T. D.
Philonthus semiruber Horn, Ph.,
R. V.
hepaticus Zr., Ph.
flavolimbatus #y7., S. R.
grandicollis Horn, Phe
longicornis Steph., S.-R.
alumnus “7, var. Ph., R. V.
lomatus #y. var. R. V.,S. R.
quadrulus HYorn, R. V.
Actobius gratus Zec., R. V., S. R..
peederoides Zec., R. V.
elegantulus Horn, R. V.
Xantholinus dimidiatus Zec., Ph.,
R. V.
sp., Ph.
Cryptobium pimerianum Zec., Ph.,
R. V.
arizonense /forn, Ph.
prospiciens Zec., Ph.
Lathrobium lituarium Zec., Ph,
Lithocharis tabacina Cas., R. V.,
T. D.
Paederus femoralis Zec., S. R.
Pinophilus densus Zec., Ph., S. R.
Physetoporus grossulus Lec., T.
DR. Ve
Erchomus punctipennis Zec., Ph.
Bledius flavipennis Lec., R. V.
sp., Ph,
Platystethus americanus /., R.V.
Oxytelus sp., R. V.
Apocellus sp., S. R., R. V.
[October,
———<—
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 567
COCCINELLIDE.
Megilla maculata DeG., Ph.
Hippodamia convergens Guer., Ph.
Coccinella abdominalis Say., Ph.
Chilocorus cacti Zinznm., Ph., T. D.
Exochomus marginipennis Zec., Ph.
Hyperaspis lugubris Rand., Ph.
Scymnus ardelis Horn., Ph.
ENDOMYCHIDE.
Epipocus unicolor Horn, Ph.
COLYDIID/AE.
Ditoma ornata Zec., Ph.
sulcata Lec., Ph.
Phloeonemus catenulatus /Horn.,
Ph.
CUCUJIDA.
Silvanus nitidulus Zec., Ph.
advena Wait/., Ph.
Spr iP bh.
CRYPTOPHAGID.
Cryptophagus sp., Ph.
MYCETOPHAGIDE.
Litargus balteatus Zec., Ph.
Typhoea fumata Zinzm., Ph.
DERMESTIDE.
Dermestes marmoratus Say, T. D.
Mannerheimi Zec., T. D.
caninus Germ., Mesa.
vulpinus Fa@d., Ph., R. V.
Attagenus Horni Jayme, Ph.
varicolor /ayne, Ph.
Trogoderme sternale /ayne, Ph.
Cryptorhopalum balteatum ec.,
Ph.
apicale Mann., Ph.
triste Lec., ? Ph.
HISTERIDA.
Hololepta yucateca Mars., T. D.
populnea Zec., Ph.
Hister servus Zr., Ph,
Epierus regularis Beauv., Ph.
planulus &r., Ph.
nasutus Hforn, Ph.
Paromalus gilensis Zec., Ph.
Saprinus obscurus /.e¢., Ph.
lugens £r., Ph.
pennsylvanicus Pays., Ph.
vitiosus Lec., Ph., Mesa.
sp., Mesa.
cerulescens Lec., Mesa.
NITIDULID.
Carpophilus hemipterus Zizz., Ph.
pallipennis Say, Ph., T. D.
floralis ? Ph., Mesa.
discoideus Zec., Ph.
TROGOSITIDAS.
Trogosita virescens Faé., Ph.
Alindria teres Me/sh, Ph.
Tenebrioides sp., Ph.
BYRRHIDAE.
Limnichus analis Zec., Ph.
HETEROCERIDA.
Heterocerus collaris Azes., Ph.
pallidus Say, Ph.
pusillus Say, Ph.
DASCYLLID.
Anorus parvicollis Horn, Ph.
ELATERIDA.
Anelastes Latreillei Zec., Ph.
Chalcolepidius Webbii Zec., Ph.
tartarus Fa//, Ph.
Behrensii Cavd., Ph.
Horistonotus simplex Zec., Ph.
Esthesopus dispersus Horn, Ph.
sp., Ph.
Anchastus bicolor Zec., Ph.
Monocepidius robustus H/orn, Ph.
Discrepidius corvinus Cand., Ph.
Drasterius livens Zec., Ph.
Ludius texanus Zec., Ph.
Melanotus fissilis Say, Ph.
568 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
BUPRESTIDA,
Hippomelas sphenicus’ Lec., Ph.
Chrysobothris octocola Zec., Ph.
debilis Zec,, Ph...
lixa Horn, Ph.
Acmezodera ornata /aéd., T. D.
cuneata Hal/, T. D., R. V.
acuta Le¢., T. D. ;
Griffithii Fa/, T. D.
Agriluys felix Horn, Ph.
palmacollis Horn, Ph.
LAMPYRIDA.
Lycus cruentatus Zec., T. D.
Lycaina marginatus Gorh., Ph.
Pyropyga fenestralis AZe/sh., Ph.
Mastinocerus opaculus Horn, Ph.
Chauliognathus scutellaris Zec., Ph.
MALACHIDA.
Collops 4-maculatus Faé., Ph.
pulchellus Horn, Ph.
vittatus Say, Ph.
Attalus oregonensis Horn, ? T. D.
rufiventris Horn, T. D.
circumscriptus Say, T. D. ~
cinctus Zec., T. D.
lobulatus Zec., T. D.
RRA is
Pristoscelis umbratus Zec., T. D.
propinquus Cas., T. D.
four species indet, T. D.
Listrus impressus Chev., T. D.
ferrugineus Chev., T. D.
Pseudallonyx plumbeus Zec., T.D.
op...1, D;
Allonyx sp., T. D.
Rhadalus testaceus Zec., Ph.
CLERIDA.
Cymatodera puncticollis B/and., Ph.
californica Jorn, Ph,
Belfragei Horn, Ph.
oblita Horn, Ph.
Trichodes ornatus Say, Mesa,
Hydnocera discoidea Lec., Ph.
pallipennis Say, var. Ph.
Necrobia rufipes Yaé., T.D., R.V.,
Ph.
PTINIDA.
Catorama sp., Ph.
Hemiptychus punctatus Zec., Ph.
pusillus Zec., Fh.
Sinoxylon sericans Lec., Ph.
sextuberculatum Zec., Ph.
quadrispinosum Zec., Ph.
Ampbhicerus fortis Zec., Ph.
punctipennis Zec., Ph.
SCARABASIDA.
Canthon puncticollis Zec., R. V.
simplex Lec., Ph.
corvinus Horn, Ph.
Psammodius nanus Horn, Ph.
Atzenius desertus Horn, Ph.
gracilis AZelsh., Ph.
Haroldi Stezzh., Ph.
leviventris Horn, Ph.
Aphodius granarius Zinz., Ph.
vittatus Say, Ph., R. V.
lividus Ofiv., Ph.
rubiginosus Horn, Ph.
rubidus Zec., Ph.
larreea Horn, Ph.
Ochodzus sparsus Lec., Ph.
Pachyplectrus levis Zec., R. V.
Bradycinetus serratus Zec., Ph.
Trox suberosus /aé., Ph.
sonore Lec., Ph.
atrox Lec., Ph.
Glaresis sp., Ph., T. D.
Acoma brunnea Cas., Ph.
Diplotaxis puberula Zec., Ph.
meerens Zec., Ph.
atratula Zec., ? Ph.
three species indet, Ph.
Listrochelus scoparius Zec., Ph.
mucoreus Zec., T. D.
timidus //orn, Ph.
Polyphylla Hammondi Zec., Ph.
Pelidnota lugubris Zec., Ph.
Cotalpa consobrina Horn, Ph,
flavida Horn, Ph.
Cyclocephala immaculata O/iz,, Ph.
longula ZLec., Ph.
dimidiata Burm., Ph.
[October,
*
a
ee ee fe
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
Ligyrus gibbosus DeG., Ph.
ruginasus Zec., Ph.
Aphonides Dunniana Rivers, Ph.
Strategus julianus Burm., ? Ph.
Dynastes Grantii HYorn, Ph.
Phileurus illatus Zec., Ph.
Allorhina mutabilis Gory, Ph.
CERAMBYCIDE.
Mallodon manibularis Haro/d, Ph.
Derobrachus geminatus Zec., Ph.
Achryson surinamum Zece., Ph.
Eburia n. sp., Ph.
Eustroma validum Zec., Ph.
Ethecerus latecinctus Horn, T. D.
Crossidius intermedius U/ke, Ph.
Sphzenothecus suturalis Zec., T. D.
Ischnocnemis bivittatus Dup., Ph.
Cyllene antennatus White, Ph.
Ataxia crypta Say, Ph.
CHRYSOMELIDA#.
Euryscopa Lecontei @., T. D.
Pachybrachys abdominalis Say, Ph.
sp., Ph.
Monachus Guerini Perd., Ph.
Myochrous longulus Zec., Ph.
Metachroma californica Cy., Ph.
interrupta Say, Ph.
longulum //orn, Ph.
Colaspis brunnea Fvé., Ph.
Gastroidea cyanea Jelsh., R. V.
Malacosoma brevicorne /ac., Ph.
Diabrotica 12-punctata O/iv., Ph.
balteata Zec., Ph., R. V.
trivittata Mann., Ph.
Monoxia sordida Zec., Ph.
Disonycha quinquevittata Say, Ph.
arizone Cas., Ph.
Phyllotreta pusilla Horn, Ph.
BRUCHID.
Bruchus Ulkei Horn, Ph.
n. sp. Ph.
prosopis Zec., Ph.
n. sp., Ph.
uniformis Zec., Ph. +
amicus Horn, Ph.
569
TENEBRIONIDS.
Edrotes ventricosus Zec., T. D.
Triorophus levis Zec., T. D.
Eurymetopon rufipes Zsch., Ph.
dubium Cas., Ph., T. D.
cylindricum Cas., Ph.
serratum Lec., Ph.
Emmenastus longulus Zec., Ph.
punctatus Zec., Ph.
subopacus //orn, T. D.
Cnemodus testaceus Horn, Mesa.
Chilometopon ? sp., R. V.
Zopherus tristis Zec., T. D., Mesa.
Dacoderus striaticeps Zec., Ph.
Arzoschizus decipiens Yorn, Ph.
Cryptoglossa verrucosa Zec., T. D.
Centrioptera muricata Zec., R. V.,
Toke
variolosa Horn, T. D., Ph.
Asida actuosa Horn, T. D.
semilevis Horn, T. D.
confluens Zec., Ph.
parallela Zec., Ph.
Wickhami Horn, T. D., Ph.
hispidula Zec., T. D.
convexa Zec., T. D.
blapsoides So/., ? T. D.
marginata Zec., T. D.
n. sp., T. D.
Eusattus reticulatus Say, T. D.
dubius Zec., Ph.
muricatus Zec., R. V.
Eleodes obscura Say, R. V.
carbonaria var. soror /éc.,
FLD:
obsoleta Say, Ph.
armata Zec., T. D., R. V.
longicollis Zec., R. V.
hispilabris Say, R. V.
Argoporis costipennis Zec., T. D.
bicolor Zec., T. D.
Amphidora caudata Horn, Ph
Nyctobates subnitens HYorn, Ph.
Iphthimus sublezvis Bland, R. V.
Coelocnemis magna Zec., R. V.
Adelina Lecontei Horn, Ph.
Alzephus pallidus Horn, Ph.
57°
Eupsophus castaneus Zec., Ph.
Mecysmus angustus Zec., Ph.
Blapstinus sordidus Zec., Ph.
auripilus Horn, Ph.
dilatatus Zec., Ph.
Lecontei J/u/s., Ph.
two species indet, Ph.
Notibius gagates Horn. R. V.
granulatus Zec., R. V., T. D.
Ulus crassus Zec., Ph.
sp., Ph.
Tribolium ferrugineum /aé., Ph.
Mycotrogus ? sp., Ph.
Aphanotus brevicornis Zec., ? Ph.
Alphitobius diaperinus Panz., Ph.
piceus O/iv., Ph.
Helops arizonensis Horn, Ph.
Platydema janus Fad., Ph.
CISTELIDAS.
Hymenorus occidentalis Cas., Ph.
punctatissimus Zec., Ph.
sp. near occidentalis (as.,. Ph.
MONOMMID
A New Species of Myrmeleon from Texas.
By NATHAN BANKS.
Recently Mr. McClendon sent me for determination some
Myrmeleonide from Texas, among which is a new species of
the genus W/yrmeleon, as restricted. Doubtless there are sev-
eral species in this genus yet to be separated out from the com-
mon J/. rusticum Hag. ‘This form, however, is very distinct
by several points of coloration, so that there is no chance of its
being confused with M7, rusticum, which is in the same region.
Myrmeleon texanum n. sp.
Head yellowish, with a large, shining black spot in front, reaching from
the antennz to the clypeus, vertex more reddish, unspotted ; pronotum
pale yellowish, with a broad central brown stripe, broadest behind, and
in front of the furrow much narrowed and divided by a pale line ; meso
and metathorax dull yellow-brown, not distinctly marked, but with a
broad yellow stripe each side through the bases of the wings; thorax
clothed with white hair; abdomen dark brown; legs pale, somewhat
reddish, without dark stripes, with black bristles and reddish spurs.
Wings hyaline, the extreme bases somewhat flavescent; venation yel-
lowish, without dark interruptions ; above eight cross-veins before the
origin of the radial sector, two cross-veins connecting the cubital fork to
the anal vein; pterostigma rather whitish, not distinct; tips of wings
acute, and the hind margin near tip is slightly sinuate.
Length 30 mm.; expanse 54 mm,
Galveston, Texas, June, 1900. Readily known from the
other species by its wholly pale legs, pale promotum, mark-
ings of head, and pale, uninterrupted venation of wings.
oo ooo
Muggins—‘‘Animal training has gotten down to a pretty fine point when
we hear of educated fleas.’’ Buggins—‘‘ Why, years ago, when I was a
boy, we used to have spelling bees.’’
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 597
Recollections of Old Collecting Grounds.
By H. F. WickHAm, Iowa City, Iowa.
X.—Breckenridge and Peak Eight.
From Leadville we started back to Denver, over the South
Park Line, which climbs out of the Upper Arkansas Valley
through Fremont Pass, at an altitude of above 11,000 feet,
after which the descent towards Breckenridge. The ride was
wonderfully beautiful. As the train started in the morning
the view was unobscured by clouds, and we enjoyed to the
full the sight of the great mountain ranges towering on either
side. All along the line are little mining towns, some of them
seemingly prosperous, others desolate and almost abandoned,
with groups of tenantless houses about great empty mills, rep-
resenting thousands of dollars of wasted capital. ‘The course
of Ten Mile River is paralleled quite closely until the Valley
of the Palne is entered and followed to Breckenridge, a rather
small but thriving town in the midst of a famous gold-producing
district.
It is impossible to see out of the Blue River Valley at this
point, surrounded as it is by colossal mountain ranges. On one
side of the town lies the Ten Mile range, the peaks of which are
designated by number instead of by name. Another side is
guarded by Mount Hamilton, or ‘‘ Baldy,’’ as it is locally
called, while farther up the stream looms the vast body of
Silver Heels. The elevation of the station is about 9500 feet,
but the trails are good in the adjacent ranges, and it is not diffi-
cult to reach, on foot and without undue exertion, heights of
14,000 feet or more. The pine forests come quite down to the
railroad tracks, and, though largely burnt by more or less recent
fires, add much to the appearance of the scene. Afternoon
rains were of daily occurrence during our stay, in the middle
of July.
The Coleoptera indicate essentially a forest fauna. ‘There is
not that element of plains species which is so strong at Buena
Vista, and which makes itself evident even at Leadville. Thus
we found Eleodes abundantly at the former place, and less com-
_ monly at the latter, while at Breckenridge none were seen. ‘This
is probably due in great part to the configuration of the country,
9*
568 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ November,
and perhaps, in a measure, to its forest-clad condition, for, gen-
erally speaking, the species of Eleodes are not fond of the
woods. ;
In the neighborhood of town we got C7cindela laurenti, but
only rarely. Carabus oregonensis was not uncommon under logs
with Prerostichus protractus, longulus and luczotiz. Nottophilus
hardyi was found under stones in rather dry situations. Zvachy-
pachys tnermts we detected under sticks which weré lying on beds
of moss. Aembidiumwas represented by dzmaculatum, fusicrum,
graptt, versicolor and dyschirinum. Of these grapiz and dyschir-
znum were found on the margins of cold mountain brooks, while
the others were running about the banks of a small pond.
Trechus chalybeus was very abundant under boards which were
well soaked through from lying in damp places; the little beetle
has quite a strong, disagreeable odor, which it exhales when dis-
turbed, agreeing in this respect with many other Carabidee. Ca/-
athus ingratus, Cymindis unicolor, Harpalus fallax, H. innocuus
and H/. oblitus were more or less common in the valley.
Peltis ferruginea and Calitys scabra were taken occasionally
from the under sides of logs, especially when these were infested
by woody fungi. later apicatus was met with once and A¢hous
simplex was also taken rarely. JZelanophila longipes was seen
on a lumber pile in town, with an occasional Pachyta liturata.
Podabrus lateralis was not uncommon, It is curious what a de-
ceptive resemblance this insect, when at rest, bears to the Ela-
terid Campylus denticornis, for which I have two or three times -
mistaken it at first sight, though I never took the latter species
in the Rocky Mountains. Dasytes hudsonicus occurred, as usual,
in beatings from the evergreens.
Floweis were by no means unproductive. One Acmeops atra
was taken on blossoms, while A. pratens?s was quite plentiful
and A. proteus less so. Leptura nigrolineata and L. chrysocoma
were also captured in this way, the latter extending its range
nearly up to timber-line on the mountains.
Chrysomelidze were not obtrusive. Zeugophora abnormis
again occurred on leaves of aspen and Adoxus obscurus was met
with on various plants. /:n/omoscelis adonidis was seen only
occasionally. Qtdionychis lugens was found under logs in the
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 599
lower woods, Adzmonia externa sometimes accompanying it.
A batch of Plagiodera oviformis was noted feeding on low herbs
on the bank of a small pond.
Of weevils we saw very few. Rhynchites bicolor was present
on wild roses. The genus 77ichalophus was represented by two
species, didymus (one specimen) and a/ternatus (more common).
‘These fine weevils are almost exclusively found underlogs which
lie in patches of a small woody trailing plant, having small,
smooth, rather light green leaves. I do not recollect having
found any living specimen of these species in mountain regions
unassociated with this plant. They ranged from the valley
almost to the timber-line.
Exploration of the higher elevations was greatly hindered
by the ruins. Nevertheless I made the ascent of Peak Eight
(in the Ten Mile Range) once, and attempted it again, but,
being caught in a heavy fog, had to give it up through fear
of losing the way. Just above timber-line Acmeops pratensis
was very abundant on flowers. Higher up, near the summit
of the mountain, probably between 13,000 and 14,000 feet, I
| took T7rechus chalybens, Amara brunnipennis (which gives off a
4 vile odor when handled), a very few Bembidium grapiz, one
Flarmonia picta, one Podabnes lateralis, a few Aphodius vittatus
and an 4gzalia, which seems to be a small form of lacustris.
A number of elytra of Cavabus oregonensis were picked up, but
whether these remains indicate a natural habitation of the spe-
cies or were simply scraps left by birds I dare not say. ‘The
peak is much more difficult of ascent than Moose Mountain
; because of the greater width of the fringing zone of flat-topped,
q shrub-like evergreens that lie just above the timber-line proper.
¢; It is not a pleasant task forcing one’s way through such a
thicket when everything is dripping wet, and so far my ex-
plorations on mountain peaks had not been productive of any
goods results entomologically.
We found Breckenridge the least productive of any locality
which we had visited on this trip, owing, no doubt, to the fact
that very little variety of landscape could be visited, and then,
too, the season was approaching the ‘‘resting stage’’ that
% seems so noticeable every summer. ‘The scenery, however,
600 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ November,
was pleasing indeed, and, given good weather, this ought to
make a favorable point from which to attempt a more careful
examination of the high mountain summits—a piece of entomo-
logical investigation much to be desired.
Some Strange Habits.
By O. W. Barrer, Tacubaya, D. F., Mexico.
Museum of the Geographical Exploration Commission.
I believe it is true that every species of insect has, at some
stage in its life, some habit or instinct which would astonish
us if we could only appreciate it.
Arachnis dilecta Bdy., as imago, protects itself with a strong
odor, as penetrating and more lasting, though not so disagree-
able as that of the worst-smelling Coreide. Having noticed
that the odor clung to my fingers for a remarkably long time,
I concluded that some liquid excretion was the cause, but was
surprised to finally see and feel a jet which issued, apparently,
from the top of the prothorax. This ‘‘ liquid odor’’ [sic] is
clear, thin, almost tasteless, and very volatile. ‘The effluvium
may be detected, however, a week or more after the death of
the specimen. Both sexes are endowed alike.
Pericopis salvint Feld. when ‘‘at bay’’ expels from the
sides of the thorax a bright green liquid of peculiar smell ;
the expulsion of the liquid is accompanied by a froth-produc-
ing crepitation or quasi stridulation, after the manner of
Teniopoda spp.
When captured the sluggish Phegoptera ochraceator Walk.
defends itself with an acrid, odorless, limpid liquid, which is
exuded in small drops apparently from several points on the
thorax. :
Bungalotis (Thymele) midas Cr., the royal Hesperid with
the purple patch, seems to prefer the shade, ‘The living speci-
mens I have seen were in the virgin forest and showed no com-
punction in breaking the family by-laws by darting into the
darkest thickets when alarmed.
The flocking habit of A/ymenitis oto Hew. and HZ. nero
Hew. is undoubtedly for the purpose of selecting mates.
eT ee,
ol a
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 601
Usually from ten to twenty individuals gather in some se-
cluded nook, most of them resting on or near the ground ;
some of the members (presumably ? 9) remain motionless,
while others make flights of a few feet in view of the assembly
or display their skill at hovering. Pairs zm copula are generally
to be found near by. The assemblage lasts several hours and
is reformed if brokenup. Have noted a tendency to this habit
in /thomia leila Hew., but never in any other Ithomiina.
Leptalis (Dismorphia) fortunata Luc. is frequently a hanger-
on [sacerdotal functionary ?] at these Yymenztzs gatherings.
I understand the early stages of Mecistogaster and Megalopre-
pus are still unknown. Have taken fresh specimens of species
belonging to these genera several miles away from any stream
and in the heart of the forest. Their flight is necessarily very
slow and sustained for only a few yards at most. ‘They spend
their time clinging to some vine or branch near the ground, the
long abdomen hanging vertically. Now, is it possible that the
early stages are passed in the large water-retaining leaf-bases
of Bromeliads? Surely the young aristocrat would find plenty
of food (mosquitoes) in such a home, but the Bromeliads roost
high. And I would hesitate to impute that merely damp mold
might be the habitat of such a magnificent member of the
Odonata as Megaloprepus coerulescens.
ERRATUM.—ENT. News, October, p. 556—line 1o from bottom, for
Bigelovia gracilens read Bigelovia graveolens.
DORYTOMUS BREVISETOSUS.:—Last spring Prof. E O. Wooton brought
me some beetle larve2 which he found at Mesilla Park, N. M., on the
flowers of Populus wislizenii (Wats.) Sarg. The larve were quite vari-
able ; dorsally red, or with two red bands, or wholly pale yellowish. For
the identification of the species I am indebted to Mr. Schwarz. ‘The breed-
ing habits of these species of Doryfomus (mucidus, lacticollis and brevi-
collts) have already been recorded (Jn. N. Y. Ent. Soc., Vol. I, p. 41),
and all feed on Populus or Salix.—T. D. A. COCKERELL.
Psocips at Ligut.—There appears to be no reference to Psocide
taken at light. Most Psocide do not fly readily in the daytime, even
when disturbed. However, their wings must be of some use, and doubt-
less it will be found that nearly all of our forms fly at night or early even-
ing. The past summer I have taken four species at light, as follows :
Psocus virginianus, several. °
Psocus purus, two.
Psocus sparsus, several.
Pterodela pedicularia, several.—NATHAN BANKS.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
(The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items
of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be givep
in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.]
To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our
earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep-
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEws has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer
ence, as to make it necessary to put ‘‘ copy ’’ into the hands of the printer, for each num
ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or
important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘ extras,” without change in form,
will be given free, when they are wanted; and this should be so stated on the MS., along
with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—Epb.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., NOVEMBER, 1900.
‘‘ Tr seems to be utterly forgotten that the species is in some
degree a natural entity, whilst the genus is much more a matter
of opinion and convenience, not to say caprice. It is a label of
classification, whilst the specific name distinguishes an actual
separate thing.’’—T. A. Chapman, M. D.
Are genera labels of classification, matters of opinion, matters
of caprice, or emanations of the ‘‘ mzhz ztch’’? We fear that
their utility is being lost sight of, and that caprice, or the
‘‘ mthi itch,’’ is having much to do with their formation. It
looks as though we are rapidly approaching the time when we
will have a genus for every species, and then we may conve-
niently abolish the binomial nomenclature. If this comes to
pass what will the ‘‘ mihi itch’’ fellows do? Oh! horror of
horrors ! perhaps entomologists will lose their heads, like some
of the bird and mammal men, and give us infinite divisions of
species and varieties. Just imagine an entomologist sitting on
a high stool in the Department of Agriculture and trying to
compete with the mammalogists in grinding out binomials and
quadrinomials and describing individuals from some one’s fence
corner. An experience of many years has shown that a multi-
plicity of genera is only confusing to the student and beginner,
and they fight shy of works thus burdened. ‘The condition of
affairs in regard to genera was tersely put in a recent publica-
602
ee ees:
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 603
tion, and reads as follows: ‘‘ For inthis (use of genera) almost
everyone has his own various, original, adopted, or modified
views ; generic division being merely artificial, only a matter
of convenience for grouping, not abiding, continually liable to
be changed, and continually being changed, consequently not
only of minor importance, but, when carried to extremes, a
great evil, a hindrance to the student, an actual bar to the be-
ginner. Itis only by the specific name that we know the insect ;
with this knowledge the rest is attainable.’’—Herman Strecker.
There are no fixed lines as to genera, but there is reason and
common sense and utility, and these should not be lost in the
abyss of caprice or conceit.
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY P. P. CALVERT.
Under the above head it is intended to mention papers received at the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North
and South). Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted. Contribu-
tions to the anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, relating to Ameri-
can or exotic species, will be recorded. The numbers in HEAVY-FACED TYPE refer to the
journals, as numbered in the following list, in which the papers are published; * denotes
that the paper in question contains descriptions of new North American forms. Titles ofall
articles in foreign languages are translated into English; usually such articles are written
in thesame language asthetitle of thejournal containing them, but when such articles are in
other languages than English, French, German or Italian, this fact is indicated in brackets.
1. Proceedings of the Rn aioe es Neteinl Sciences of Philadelphia,
1900, pt. ii, Oct.—4. The Canadian Entomologist, London, Ont, Oct.,
’00.—5. Psyche, Cambridge, Mass., Oct., ’00.—G. Journal of the New
York Entomological Society, Sept., ’ Bo, -68, The Entomologist’s Monthly
Magazine, London, ’o0.—{. The Entomologist, London, ’00.—11. The
Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, Sept., ’00.—21. The
Entomologist’s Record, London, Sept. 15, 00, 22, Zoologischer An-
zeiger, Leipsic, ’00.—35. Annales, Société Entomologique de Belgique,
xliv, Brussels, ’00.—46. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, xliii, 1-2, The
Hague, Sept. 5, ’00.—55. Le Naturaliste, Paris, ’00.—68. Science, New
York, ’°00.—87. Revue Scientifique, Paris, ’00.—100. Verhandlungen,
Deutschen Zoologischen Gesellschaft, 1900, Leipsic.—101. Rovartani
l.apok, Budapest, ’02.—107. Revista do Museu Paulista, iv, San Paulo,
Brazil, ’00.—119. Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte, Ixvi, i, 3, Berlin, July, ’oo
—134. Arbeiten aus der Biologischen Abtheilung fiir Land-und Forst-
wirthschaft am Kaiserlichen Gesundheitsamte, i, 2, Berlin, ’00.—136.
604 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ November,
Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, lxi, 1-6, ’00,—137%. Untersuchungen:
zur Naturlehre des Menschen und der Thiere (Moleschott’s) xvii, 1-2,
Giessen, ’00.—138. Rendiconto, R. Accademia delle Scienze dell ’Isti- ~
tuto di Bologna, n. s. -Rec’d Oct. 12, ’oo.
THE GENERAL SUBJECT.—Andrews, C. W. A Mono-
graph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean): Physical Features and Geol-
ogy. With descriptions of the Fauna and Flora by numerous contributors.
Printed by order of the Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History).
London. 1900. 337 pp., 9 text figs., 22 pls., 1 map.—_Banks, N. A
list of works on North American Entomology, Bulletin 24, new series,
U.S. Dep’t. of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Washington, ’00.—
v. Chernel, S. Insects and birds [in Magyar], 101, April, May.—
Laloy, L. Natural history and ethnography at the Universal Exposition,
55, Sept 1.—Mayer, P. [Summary of researches on Arthropoda ex-
clusive of Crustacea in 1899] Zoologischer Jahresbericht fiir 1899. Heraus-
gezgeben von der Zoologischen Station zu Neapel, Berlin, 1g900.—Snellen,
P. C.T. In remembrance of F. M. Van der Wulp [in Dutch], 46.—
Wiesner, J. Die Rohstoffe des Pflanzenreiches. Versuch einer tech-
nischen Rohstofflehre des Pflanzenreiches. Zweite ganzlich umgearbeitete
und erweiterte Auflage. 5. Lieferung. Leipzig, Engelmann, rgoo. [Ab-
schnitt xv, pp. 674-699 on galls].—v. Zittel, K. A., and Seudder, S.
H. Arachnida, Myriopoda and Insectain: Text-book of Paleontology
by Karl A. von Zittel, translated and edited by Charles R. Eastman. Vol.
i, pt. ii. London and New York, Macmillan & Co., 1900.
ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY .—d’ Ajutolo, G. New cases
of Argas reflexus parsitic on man, 138, ii, No. 4. 1898.—Anon. Insect
and fungous foes of the farmer and gardener (The small Ermine Moths—
Hyponomeuta), Gardener's Chronicle, London, Sept. 15,’00.—Anon. A
new black scale destroyer; A new [grasshopper] parasite for California,
Agricultural Journal, Cape Town, Aug. 16, ’00.—Bancroft, T. L. On
the metamorphosis of the young form of Filaria Bancrofti Cobb [F
sanguinis hominis Lewis, F. nocturna Manson], in the body of Culex
ciliaris L. the ‘‘house mosquito’ of Australia, figs. Journal and Pro
ceedings, Royal Society of New South Wales, xxxiii, Sydney, 1g900.—
Bastianelli, G., and Bignami, A. On the development of the para-
sites of tertiana in Anopheles claviger, 1 pl., 137 —Cockerell, T. D. A.
The Kieffer pear and the San José scale, 68, Sep. 28.— Dionisi, A. On the
biology of the malaria parasites, 137.—Dohrn, H. On injurious insects
and an expert judgment, 136.—Fermi, C., and Lumbao, S. Freeing
a city from mosquitos; Contribution to the prophylaxis of malaria; attempts
to protect mankind by chemical means against mosquitos, Centralblatt fiir
Bakteriologie, Jena, Aug. 22,’00,—Frank. Damage to winter wheat by
the wheat-blossom-fly (//y/emyia coarctata Fall.) 134.—Grassi, B.,
Bignami, A., and Bastianelli, G. Researches on malaria during
the month of January, 1899, 137; On the developmental cycle of the
crescents (‘‘Halbmonde"’) in Anopheles claviger and other studies on
ee
eet
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 605
malaria during the months October to May, 1899, 2 pls., 137.—Grassi,
B., and Noé, G. Propagation of filaria of the blood exclusively by
means of the puncture of special mosquitos, Rendiconti, Accademia de!
Lincei, Classe di scienze fisiche, matematiche e naturali, Roma, Sept. 2,
’o00o.—Hopkins, A. D. The Hessian fly in West Virginia and how to
prevent losses from its ravages, figs., Bulletin 67, West Virginia University
Agric. Exper. Station, Morgantown, W. Va., Aug., ’00.—Maiocchi, D.
Demodex folliculorum in some rare cutaneous affections and especially
the finding of the same in the follicles of the eyebrows and whiskers,
138, iii, 3, ’99 —Marshall, G. A. K. Mosquitos and malaria, 9,
Aug.—Pommerol, F. A small Hemipter [Reduvius malinellus] de-
stroyer of the larvze of the Ybonomeuta of the apple tree, 87, Sept. 15.—
Rogers, L. The relationship of drinking water, water-logging and the
distribution of Anopheles mosquitos respectively to the prevalence of
Malaria north of Calcutta. Proceedings, Asiatic Society of Bengal, July,
1900. Calcutta, Aug. 2.—Rorig. A new experiment in combating the
schwamm spinner [ Ocneria dispar], figs., 134.— Wilcox, E. V. Ab-
stracts of recent papers, Experiment Station Record xi, 11, xii, 1, 2. U.S.
Dep’t. Agriculture, Washington, ’oo
ARACHNIDA.—Banks, N. New genera and species of American
Phalangida*, 6.—Laurie, M. Ona Silurian Scorpion and some addi-
tional Eurypterid remains from the Pentland Hills, 5 pls., Transactions,
Royal Society of Edinburgh, xxxix, pt. iii, 1900. Published separately
Feb. 1, 1899.—-Oudemans, A. C. Remarks on the denomination of
the genera and higher groups in ‘*Das Thierreich, Oribatide,’’ 46,.—
Sargent, A. B. Preliminary notes on the rate of growth and on the
development of instincts in spiders, 2 pls., 1.—Thon, P. C. K. On the co-
pulatory organs of the Hydrachnid genus Arrhenurus Duges, figs., 100.
PROTOTRACHEATA,—Bouvier, E. L. New observations on
the Peripatus of the collection of the British Museum. Quarterly Journal
of Microscopical Science (n. s.), xliii, 4, London, Sept., ’00.—Dendy,
A. Preliminary note on a proposed new genus of Onychophora, 22,
Sept. 17.
MYRIOPODA.—Attems, C. On the coloration of Glomeris and
description of new or little known palzarctic Myriopods, 2 pls., 119.—
Cook, O. F. Camphor secreted by an animal ( Po/yzonium), 68, Oct.
5.—Verhoeff, C. W. Contributions to knowledge of palzearctic Myrio-
pods: xiii. On the comparative morphology, phylogeny and classifica-
tion of the groups and species of the Ascopermophora, 4 pls. xiv. On
the Glomeridz, 119; Wandering diplopods checking railroad trains,
22, Sept. 3; On Schendy/a and Pectiunguis, 22, Sept. 17.
ORTHOPTERA.—Scudder, 8S. H. The distribution of Leptysma
marginicollis Serv., &; [Additions to the list of] New England Orthop-
tera, 5; Mantis religiosain America, 56.—Wheeler, W. M. The habits
of Myrmecophila nebrascensis Bruner, fig., 5.
NEU ROPTERA.—East, A. Notes on the respiration of the dragon-
fly nymph, 9, Aug. ; Some additional notes on 4schna cyanea [physiolo-
606 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ November,
gical], 9, Oct—Laneaster, A., and McLachlan, R. On migrations
of Libellula quadrimacudata in Belgium in June, 1900, 8, Oct.—Me-
Lachlan, R. The habitat of 7haumatoneura inopinata, [Panama], $
Aug. ~
HEMIPTERA.—Cholodkovsky, N. On the male sexual appa-
ratus of Chermes, fig., Biologisches Centralblatt, Erlangen, Sept. 15, ’oo.
—Cockerell, T. D. A. Notes on Brazilian Coccide [in Portugese],
107.—Ehrhorn, E. M. New Coccide from California*, figs., 4.—
Green, E. E. Note on the attractive properties of certain larval He-
miptera, fig., 8, Aug.—Hempel, A. The Brazilian Coccidz [in Portu-
gese], 8 pls., 107.—Hunter, S. J. Coccidze of Kansas, iii*, 7 pls.
Kansas University Quarterly, ix, 2, Lawrence, Kans., April, ’00. Rec'd.
Sept. 17.—King, G. B. Miscellaneous notes on Coccide from western
Massachusetts, 5.--Kirkaldy, G. W. On the nomenclature of the
genera of the Rhynchota, Heteroptera and Auchenorrhynchous Homop-
tera, 9, Oct—Reh, L. On the formation of the shield and the moulting of
Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.(preliminary communication), 22, Sept. 17.
COLEOPTERA.—Aurivillius, C. List of the Cerambycide col-
lected hy Dr. F. Meinert in Venezuela in 1891. Ofversigt af Kong]. Ve-
tenskaps-Akademiens Foérhandlingar, lvii, 4, Stockholm, April 11, ’00.—
Bordas, L. Researches on the male reproductive organs of Coleoptera
(comparative anatomy, histology, fertilizing material), 11 pls. Annales
des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie (8), xi, 2-6. Paris, Aug., ’00.—Cham-
pion, G. C. Supplementary note on the distribution of Auchomenus
quadripunctatus, $8, Oct.—Fenyes, B. From the diary of a Californian
Coleopterologist, i [in Magyar], 101, April.—Kempers, K. J. W.
The venation-system of the Coleopterous wing (cont.) fin Dutch], 3 pls.,
46.—Kerremans, C. New Buprestide and synonymic remarks’, 35,
8, Sept. 15.—Lameere, A. Notes for the classification of Coleoptera,
35.—Lewis G. On new species of Histeride and notices of others,
1 pl, figs., 11-—Lohde, R. Catalogue of the Cleridz [of the world],
136.—Ohaus, F. Report on an entomological journey to Central
Brazil (cont.), 136.—Pic, M. Description of Coleoptera: two new
Plinus trom Brazil, 65, Sept. 15 —Tower, W.L. The Colorado potato
beetle, 68, Sept. 21.
DIPTERA.—Aldrich, J. M. A question of nomenclature [ Gas-
lrophilus epilepsalis|, 4 —Doane, R. W. New North American Tipu-
lida*, 2 pls., 6 —Escherich, K. On the formation of germ layers in
the Muscidae, 100.—Hendel, F. Researches on the European species
of the genus 7e/anocera in Schiner’s sense. Verhandlungen, Zoologisch-
botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, ], 7, Aug. 24, ’00.—Ricardo,G. De-
scription of five new species of Pangoninz from South America, 11.
LEPIDOPTERA.— Beutenmiiller, W. Synopsis of the food-
habits of the larve of the Sesiide, 4.—Chapman, T. A. A special
structure in the larva of Lriocampa limacina, 8, Oct.—Dyar, H. G.
Notes on some North American species of Tineida*, 43 Life-histories of
aa
Se ee
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 607
North American Geometride, xv, &; Notes on the larval-cases of Lacoso-
midz (Perophoridz) and life-history of Lacosoma chiridota Grt. 1 pl., 6.
—Grote, A. R. The principle which underlies the changes in the neu-
ration, 4; Types of Noctuid genera, 4.—Hampson, G. F. Catalogue
of the Arctiadz (Nolinz, Lithosianz) in the collection of the British Mu-
seum. London. Printed by order of the Trustees. Igo00. 589 pp, 411
text figs. and (separately bound) 18 col. pls. numbered xviii-xxxv. This
is Vol. ii of the Catalogue of Lepidoptera Phalznz and includes 1217
species.*--Kunze, R. E. Notes on ova and larva of Ayperchiria |
pamina, 6.—Merrifield, F. Experiments on the color susceptibility
of the pupating larva of Aporia crategi and on the edibility of its pupa
by birds, 8, Aug.—Peterson, W. Contributions to the morphology
of the Lepidoptera, 144 pp., figs., 4 pls. [Venation, nervous system,
mouth-parts, digestive and tracheal systems, reproductive organs]. Me-
moires, Academie Imperiale des Sciences (8), ix, 6. St. Petersbourg,
1900,—Piepers, M. C. and Snellen, P.C. T. Enumeration of the
Lepidoptera Heterocera collected in Java, 4 col. pls., 46.—Prout, L.
B, The types of the genera Gortyna and Ochria, 21.—Quail, A.
Diphyletism in the Lepidoptera, 9, Aug.—Reutti, C. Review of the
Lepidopterous fauna of the Grand-duchy of Baden and the adjoining
countries. Revised and published after the author’s death by A. Spuler.
Verhandlungen, Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Karlsruhe, xii, Ber-
lin, 1898. Rec’d Sept. 26, ’00.—Sharpe, E. M. On a collection of
butterflies from the Bahamas,* 1 col. pl., Proceedings, Zoological Society
of London, 1900, ii, Aug. 1, ’00.—Smith, J. B. New species of Flori-
dian Noctuide,* 6.—Tutt, J. W. Migration and dispersal of insects:
Lepidoptera, 21.—Walsingham, Lord, and Durrant, J. H. &/as-
tobasis segnella Z.,a European species wrongly included in the American
lists, etc., 8, Aug.— Weeks, A. C. Qvipositing of Vanessa antiopa, 6.
HYMENOPTERA.—Andre, E. Mutillidze (Vol. viii, pp. 65-144,
pls. iv-vi), in: Species des Hymenopteres d’ Europe et d’Algerie.....fondé
par Edmond André ...continué sous....Ernest André. Paris, Vve. Du-
bosclard, 70% fascicule Apr. 1, oo.—AShmead, W. H. Classification
of the fossorial, predaceous and parasitic wasps, or the superfamily Ves-
poidea, 3, 4.--Cockerell, T. D. A. On a small collection of bees
from Juarez, Mexico, 9, Aug. ; The New Mexico bees of the genus Ca/i-
vxys,* 4; Descriptions of new bees collected by Mr. H. H. Smith in
Brazil, i, 1.--Emery, C. Additions and corrections to the essay toward
a systematic catalogue of the genera Camponotus, Polyrachis and allies,
138, ii, 4, 1898; Concerning the larve of some ants, 138, iii, 4, ’99.--
Hariot, P. The myrmecophilous plants, fig. 55, Sept. 15.—Robert-
son, C. Nomada Sayi and two related species,* 4 —Titus, E. S. G.
Notes on Colorado bees,* 4.--Webster, F. M. Sudden disappear-
ance of the purslane sawfly Schizocerus Zabriskei, 4,--Yung, E. How
many ants are there in a nest?, $7, Sept. 1.
608 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ November,
Doings of Societies.
A meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia was held May 24th with nine
persons present. Dr. D. M. Castle reported lack of success in
collecting Dichelonycha fusca at Angora, Pa., this spring. Last
year he found them in plenty, but this year took but one. Dr.
_ Calvert stated that he was at Sea Isle City, N. J.; last week
and saw but few insects around the fresh-water ponds and no
Odonata. Mr. Carl Ilg was duly elected an Asssociate of the
Section. 2
HENRY SKINNER, Recorder.
The October meeting of the Newark Entomological Society
was called to order by President Kemp, eight members being
present. Having had no meeting since April, on account of
the members being busily engaged in collecting, there was con-
siderable business transacted.
_ Mr. Stortz reported the capture of Zrebus odora in Newark
on September 26th, and Mr. Schleckson the same on Septem-
ber 4th. :
President Kemp left in May for a collecting trip through
‘Tennessee and Kentucky. He returned in August and shortly
after went to South Jersey on another trip. He has a large
number of Ca/oca/a on hand.
After a sociable chat about his trip and other things of inter-
est to the members the meeting adjourned.
' Wo. H. BROADWELL, Secretary.
A meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia was held September 27th.
Mr. Laurent, Director, presiding. Fourteen persons were pres-
ent. Mr. Laurent donated a handsome specimen of the nest
of Vesper maculata, found at Mt. Holly, N. J. He stated that
he had visited Da Costa, N. J., during July im search of Weo-
nympha areolatus, but the swamp in which he had previously
taken them in some abundance was dried up and none were
seen. Mr. Laurent said Ceratomia catalpe was spreading. He
reported them from a number of places near the city, notably
on
PRP ee ae Ae
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 609
Germantown. Mr. Hornig had found the larve at Washing-
ton Park, Camden Co., N. J. Mr. Laurent suggested that
the species may winter as egg as well as larva. D. Skinner
exhibited some Coleopterous larve, sent to him by Mr. Edward
Potts. They have the peculiar habit of crawling quite rapidly
on their backs. ‘They were identified by Prof. Smith as 4//o-
rhina nitida. Mr. C. W. Johnson exhibited some flies he had
found on the decayed berries of a vine at the grounds of the -
Biological School of the University of Pennsylvania. ' He also
found one on decayed grapes at Riverton, N. J. Mr. Coquillette
determined it to be Chrysomyza demandata Fabr., a European
species. Mr. Johnson did not know of any previous record for
American specimens. Dr. Calvert gave an account of the
classification of some of the Odonata.
HENRY SKINNER, Secretary.
The ninth regular meeting of the Harris Club was held at
35 Court St., Boston, on Friday evening, September 21, 1900.
Mr. W. L. W. Field gave a brief talk on the quantitative study
of variation in insects. Mr. A. P. Hall exhibited a specimen
of the occasional red suffused form of Atfacus cecropia, and also
a specimen of Actias Jina, whose wings bore fast-fading shadowy
transverse lines, similar to the lines upon the wings of 4.
selene. A photograph taken when the specimen was fresh
showed that the lines had been much more distinct at that
time. A like specimen, taken in Guilford, Conn., in 1894, by
Mr. Field, has altogether lost the transverse lines in the space
of six years, and now has the aspect of a perfectly normal /una.
Mr. Field reported the existence of what appears to be a
thriving colony of Exodia portlandia in the Cold River Valley
of southwestern New Hampshire. ‘This butterfly is rare in
most parts of New England.
Mr. Newcomb brought forward several exhibits, comprising
a series of Chrysophanus hypophleas showing variation through
a wide range of patterns; an albino Phyciodes tharos, in which
the ground color is white instead of tawny ; a deep gray female
of Leucarctia acrea, resembling the aberrant male form of the
same species quoted by Harris ; and lastly some cocoons, pupze
610 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ November, |
and imagines of the interesting Mexican Hesperid Doderes
mexicanus, whose cocoon is known as ‘‘ campanita’’ (little
bell), because of its pendulous nature and the remarkable vi-
bratory activity of the pupa. An account of this species was
given by Mr. O. W. Barrett in the Canadian Entomologist for
August, 1900.
Mr. H. K. Burrison told an entertaining story of a vacation
trip to the Yellowstone, in the course of which some collecting
was done.
Mr. W. F. Low reported the capture of two specimens of
Erebus odora in Jamaica Plain, July 16th and 30th last; both
were males. Mr. Newcomb mentioned the finding of Hepzalus
argenteomaculatus, female, at Old Orchard, Maine; the speci-
men is unusually large, expanding 4.5 inches. Mr. R. W.
Denton showed a living larva of AZtacus atlas.
W. L. W. FIELD, Secretary.
A meeting of the American Entomological Society was held
June 28th. Dr. P. P. Calvert, President, in the chair. Thir-
teen persons were present. Mr. Charles Drury, through Mr.
Charles Liebeck, presented four specimens of Stenomimus pal-
lidus. Mr. C. W. Johnson exhibited specimens of the species
of Pyrgota and said there were five valid species to which he
had added a new species from Canada, for which he proposed
the name chagnoni. Mr. Liebeck said Mr. Chagnon has found
an interesting member of the family Dascyllidee—J/icrocara
explanata, He had also received Stenocolus scutellaris. ‘These
were not represented in Dr. Horn’s collection. He also re-
ported taking Geopinus incrassatus at the electric lights in the
lower part of the city. It is an unusual species here. He had
previously taken a few while gunning as they flew over a ditch
where he was concealed. Dr. Calvert stated that Miss H. T.
Higgins, a senior student of the four years’ course in Biology
at the University of Pennsylvania, had recently studied the
gizzards of some go species of dragon-flies of the subfamily
Calopteryginze and Agrioninz, from quite diverse parts of the
world. The objects of the investigation were to ascertain what
information on the classification and relationships of these in-
Sa eR ree
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 611
sects could be gleaned from the study of this organ, and also
to learn the changes which it undergoes during the course of
individual development. Some details of the results were
given. A paper has been completed which, it is hoped, will
be shortly published. Mr. W. R. Reinick was elected a mem-
ber of the Society.
HENRY SKINNER, Secretary.
At the September meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social,
held at the residence of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, 1523 South 13th
Street, fourteen persons were present.
- Dr. Castle exhibited a specimen of Cychrus viduus taken at
Hope, N. Y.
Mr. H. W. Wenzel referred to a forthcoming list by Mr.
Leng on the Cicindelidee of the Upper Pine Barrens of New
Jersey, in which several rare species will be recorded, includ-
ing Cicindela rufiventris, a species new to the State.
The occurrence of Cicindela lepida in Ocean County was
dwelt on by Prof. Smith ; and the habits and occurrence of.
Cicindela unipuncta were discussed by Messrs. Skinner, Wen-
zel and Boerner.
Prof. Smith exhibited a red katy-did, and remarked on the
value of formalin for preserving the color of such specimens.
He also showed specimens of “picauta vittata, which had
attempted to eat their way through a cork to escape from a
bottle. Specimens of /£. marginata similarly confined made’ no
effort to escape. He also showed hickory twigs which had
been severed by an Agri/us larva, the marks left by the larva
being in the form of a spiral. A letter from a correspondent
-in Hunterton Co., N. J., on the destructive properties of the
larva of the Catalpa sphinx was read. The species had not
been before recorded from New Jersey.
Dr. Skinner stated he had received a specimen of this larva
from Lisette, Pa. He believed its recent spread into the
North is due to the many catalpa trees that had been cultiva-
ted in late years, owing to the belief that this tree is free from
pests. He also referred to the use of formalin as a preserva-
tive, and stated that he believed the formalin might set the
612 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ November,
colors, in which case he would advise that the specimen be
transferred to alcohol because a low percentage solution of
formalin is apt to deteriorate by evaporation.
Mr. Johnson said that formalin is being abandoned as a pre-
servative by most museums, as specimens so preserved will dis-
integrate in a few years.
Prof. Smith referred to his use of oil of citronella to keep off
mosquitoes. He had found it excellent for this purpose, and
was surprised to see from the latest publication on the subject
that it was apparently not recorded as a remedy for this purpose.
Dr. Skinner referred to the occurrence of the black fly Szmea-
lium in the Adirondacks. ‘The fly was very annoying at dusk. ©
Mr. Johnson exhibited pine twigs infested by several species
of insects. /entilia sp. was found feeding on a scale Chio-
naspis pinifolit infesting pine needles ; and the great damage
caused by Retinia frustrana was remarked on. The galls of
Diplosis pintinops was shown.
Dr. Skinner spoke of the scarcity of Pselaphide and other
small beetles in the Adirondacks. He had sieved the contents
of many ants’ nests, but not a specimen of beetle was found.
The time of collecting between August 5th and September rst
may have been the cause of the lack of specimens.
Mr. Wenzel said that these beetles are no doubt absent dur-
ing certain periods of the summer.
Mr. Johnson reported the abundance of Zetracha virginica
near Clifton, Delaware Co., Pa. Hundreds of specimens were
taken from a well into which they had fallen during one night.
WILLIAM J. Fox, Secretary.
TURKEYS TO THE RESCUE —Tennessee Planters find a new way to
Destroy Grasshoppers. Several Tennessee planters have adopted a
unique method of destroying the grasshoppers which have overrun plan-
tations in Bolivar and Washington Counties and threatened to cuta figure
in the cotton yield of the coming season. The old soapsuds remedy, the
Osnaburg cloth remedy and the inoculation process have proved of little
value in fighting the pest, and now the farmers have come to the conclu-
sion to discard the artificial remedies and place turkeys in the cotton
fields to eat the grasshoppers. The turkey gobbler has a ravenous appe-
tite for the insect, and the planters are counting on him to solve the pro-
blem of the grasshopper’s extermination and to save the cotton crop so
far as these two counties are concerned.— Newspaper.
News. Vol. XI. Pl. XVII.
ENT.
Rh i) eal
aca era
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
- PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
Vou. XI. DECEMBER, 1900. No. 10.
CONTENTS:
Smith—Rev. George D. Hulst........ 613 { Ashmead—Some New Exotic Para-
Ashmead—Hymenopterous Parasites sitic Hymenoptera........-eereeee 623
from Dragon-fly Eggs............ 615 | Rehn—Podisma Variegata............ 630
Dyar—Life History of a Callidryas Soule—Cecropia Cocoons........+.+6+ 631
FOO I ee ee es ee ae 618 | Editorial’........-ssessecsesvecscsceece 633
Ehrmann—Notes on Coleoptera....... 619 | Entomological Literature.............. 634
Adams—Odonata from Arkansas...... 621 | Economic Entomology...........+.++++ 638
Cockerell—A new variety of Argynnis Wates And ‘NCWBiisie ss seaceew esses vean 641
DELOCUIAY iiss « 4 < abisdapodip'bs cede s 622 | Doings of Societies.........cecescesceee 642
REV. GEORGE DURYEA HULST, Ph.D.
Dr. Hulst died suddenly, November 5, 1900, of apoplexy,
at his home, 15 Himrod Street, Brooklyn, N. Y._ Dr. Hulst
was born March g, 1846, hence was in his 55th year at the
time of his death. A few days before, the writer had spoken
with him and discussed, matters entomological and otherwise.
He was then in apparently perfect health, and good for many
years more of active service in his profession and his chosen
study. Dr. Hulst graduated from Rutgers College in 1866,
and ever remained closely associated with it. He was a faith-
ful alumnus and served for a short time in 1888-89 as Ento-
mologist of the Experiment Station. In 1891 the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy was conferred upon him by his Alma
Mater. He graduated from the Theological Seminary at New
Brunswick in 1869, and in the same year was installed as: pastor
of the South Bushwick Reformed Church in Brooklyn, where
he remained to the day of his death. Asa pastor and as a man
he had and deserved the confidence of the members of his con-
gregation and of all with whom he came into personal contact.
His expressed convictions were honest, his belief was sincere
Io
614 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [December,
and his faith was strong. Yet he was not narrow, nor did he
feel less regard for any who honestly differed from him in mat-
ters of religious belief.
From his student days he was interested in natural history,
botany being his first love. Yet he early took an intelligent
interest in entomology and was one of the members of the
Brooklyn Entomological Society, which was organized in 1872,
very soon after its start. At its inception this society was a
meeting of collectors for informal discussion, and these dis-
cussions were not less attractive because of a social glass with ©
which the members modified any dry problems. When Dr.
Hulst joined, the glass was eliminated as part of the regular
program, in deference to the cloth; but he was not a total
abstainer nor a severe judge of those who made temperate use
of alcoholic refreshments. In 1878 the Bulletin of the Brooklyn
Entomological Society was started, and contributions from Mr.
Hulst appeared in all the volumes during its existence. So in
its successor, Entomologica Americana, of which he was the
editor from April 1887 to May 1889. About that time he
began to specialize, devoting his attention to the Geometridz
and certain families of the Pyralidee, in which he became an
authority, having described a large percentage of the Geo-
metridz at present known from the United States and British
America.
My acquaintance with Dr. Hulst began in 1880, and the
friendship then formed continued without break until the day
of his death. I owe to”him encouragement and assistance at
the outset of my career, and the ready liberality with which he
allowed me to take specimens from his cabinet was character-
istic of the man.
Dr. Hulst was elected a member of the A. A. A. S. in 1880,
and a Fellow in 1888. He was a member of other scientific
bodies, in most of which he held office, and notably in the
Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, where he was Presi-
dent of the Department of Botany. Botany shared with En-
tomology his interest in late years, but what original work he
did in this field I do not know.
While he was connected with Rutgers College, in 1898, he
oe
RE, Se Pex
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 615
formally donated his collection to the trustees, reserving to
himself the custody of the Geometride and certain Pyradid
families so long as he should need them in his work. The
Rhopalocera and Heterocera, exclusive of the groups above
mentioned, were transferred to New Brunswick in 1891, be-
coming the nucleus of the collection at present in the institu-.
tion there.
For George D. Hulst, the Entomologist, his work will
speak ; for the man all those who, having known, loved him.
J. B. Smiru.
Some Hymenopterous Parasites from Dragon-fly Eggs.
By WiiiiAm H. ASHMEAD.
FAMILY LXXI EULOPHIDA.
HYPERTELES Forster.
(1) Hyperteles polyneme n. sp.
2.—Length 3 to 3.5mm. Aneous black, impunctate, the pronotum,
the mesonotum and the metanotum with a brassy tinge. Metathorax
with a median carina. Abdomen greatly elongated and produced into a
long, slender point. Scape, pedicel and legs, except the last joint of tarsi
which is fuscous, uniformly brownish-yellow ; flagellum dark brown, or
brown-black, pubescent. Wings rather long, hyaline and with a delicate
marginal cilia, the veins yellowish, the marginal vein very long, nearly
twice the length of the subcostal vein ; the stigmal vein short, about one-
third the length of the subcostal. Abdomen very long, fasiformly pointed,
more than three times longer than the head and thorax united.
3'.--Length 1.3 to2mm. In color quite variable and difficult to dis-
tinguish from males in the genera 7efrastichus and Tetrastichodes, The
scape, pedicel and legs are always brownish-yellow; the scape being
rather large, subcompressed; the flagellum long, dark brown,. and
clothed with short hairs. Some specimens have the head, except the
mouth parts, the thorax and:abdomen, entirely zneous black or blue-
black ; others have the whole face below the antennz and the head be-
hind yellow ; others have most of the head, except the vertex, the thorax
at sides and beneath and a large spot on the mesonotum, including some-
times the scutellum, yellow ; while still others are almost wholly yellow
above, except the metanotum. The abdomen in all is elongate, always
distinctly longer than the head and thorax.
fTab.—t\ake Forest, Illinois.
Type.—Cat. No. 5322, U. S. N. M.
616 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ December,
Host.—Odon. : Eggs of Lestes sp. Bred August 12, 1899,
by Prof. James G. Needham. Evidently a hyper-parasite on
the Polynema noted below.
TETRASTICHUS Haliday.
(2) Tetrastichus polynemz n. sp.
' ©,—Lengthi.1mm. Steel blue, impunctate ; abdomen, exceptat base,
zeneous ; scape, pedicel beneath and legs, except coxze and femora toward
base, yellowish or yellowish-white ; coxze metallic; anterior and middle
femora tinged with brown, the hind femora brown; flagellum brown pu-
bescent. Wings hyaline, pubescent, the veins very pale, the marginal
vein one-third longer than the subcostal. Abdomen pointed, ovate, about
one-fourth longer than the head and thorax united.
Hab.—\ake Forest, Illinois.
Type.—Cat. No. 5323, U. S. N. M.
Host.—Odon. : Eggs of Lestes sp. Bred August 4, 1899, by
Prof. James G. Needham. Undoubtedly a hyper-parasite of
Polynema needhamt,
FAMILY LXXII TRICHOGRAMMIDA.
BRACHISTA Haliday.
(3) Brachista pallida n. sp.
2.—Lengtho.6mm. Brownish-yellow ; the ocelli, the eyes, ‘the sutures
of the mesopleura, a streak on hind coxz behind, and a row of dots along
the lateral margins of abdomen, brown; while the legs, including the
coxe, except the streak behind, are very pale yellowish, nearly white.
Wings hyaline, pubescent, the hairs not arranged in rows, the margins
ciliate, the marginal vein strongly curved with the stigmal. Antennz
very short, 6-jointed, the flagellum with the pedicel not much longer than
the scape ; pedicel large, a little shorter but as thick as the club; funicle
2-jointed, the joints small ; club fusiform, 3-jointed, brownish. Abdomen
sessile, pointed ovate, the ovipositor hardly projecting beyond the tip of
abdomen.
Hab,—\ake Forest, Illinois.
Type.—Cat. No. 5320, U. S. N. M.
HTost.—Odon. : Eggs of Lestes sp. Bred August 12, 1900,
by Prof, James G. Needham.
CENTROBIA Forster.
(4) Centrobia odonate# n. sp.
Q.—Length o.8mm. Black, slender, the abdomen much acuminate,
ending in a prominent ovipositor, Mouth parts brownish-yellow. An-
- Sac
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 617
tennz short, 6-jointed without a ring-joint, brown-black, the flagellum
. tapering off at apex, not ending in a distinct club. Wings hyaline, the
pubescence arranged in radiating rows, the margins with a distinct but
short cilia, the marginal and stigmal veins brown the latter oblique, shorter
than the marginal. Legs brownish-yellow, the femora more or less ob-
fuscated. Abdomen elongate, sessile, strongly acuminate towards apex
and more than twice longer than the thorax.
Hab,—V,ake Forest, Illinois.
Type.—Cat. No. 5321, U. S. N. M.
FHost.—Odon. : Eggs of Lestes sp. Bred August 12, 1900,
by Prof. James G. Needham.
FAMILY LXXIII MYMARIDA. "
POLYNEMA Haliday.
(5) Polynema needhami n. sp.
Q.—Length 0.9 mm. Ovipositor two-thirds the length of the abdomen,
Polished black, impunctate, the parapsidal furrows distinct ; scape, pedi-
cel, the small first joint of the flagellum, the petiole of abdomen, and the
legs, except usually the middle and tibia and last joint of all tarsi, honey-
yellow ; the flagellum, the middle and hind tibize and last joint of all tarsi
brown or fuscous. Wings hyaline, with a long marginal fringe, the punc-
tiform marginal vein brown. Abdomen elongate ovate, a little longer
than the head and thorax united. Antennz g-jointed, terminating in a
solid ellipzoidal club.
3'.—Length scarcely 0.8 mm. Agrees well with the female, except
that the scape, pedicel and legs are more decidedly of a paler yellow, the
hind tibiz and last joint of tarsi alone brown, the tibize with a pale annulus
at base ; sometimes, but rarely, the middle tibiz are also dusky with a
pale annulus at base ; the antennz are much longer, 13-jointed, the joints
of the flagellum all long, the first a little shorter than the second ; while
the abdominal petiole is as long as the hind cox, yellow ; the remainder
of the abdomen being black, ovate, and scarcely the length of the thorax.
Flab.—\,ake Forest, Illinois.
Type.—Cat. No. 5319, U. S. N. M.
Flost.—Odon. :—Eggs of Lestes sp. Bred August 12, 1899,
by Prof. James G. Needham.
CATERPILLARS BY THE QUART.—Saratoga, N. Y., has hit upon a novel
but apparently effective method of exterminating the caterpillars which
had started out to destroy the street shade trees. The village authorities
offered to pay so much a quart for all catterpillars brought to them to be
burned or buried alive. One day three hundred people, residents and
visitors, brought the pests in pails and pans and received twenty cents a
quart for them. Nearly $200 was paid out in one day. This method is
found to be much more effective than spraying the trees.— Newspaper.
618 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ December,
Life History of a Callidryas Agarithe.
By Harrison G. DYArR.
Hind
On the young leaves of Pithecolobium guadaloupense at Palm
Beach, Florida, in January :
Fgg.—Cylindrical, the base scarcely narrowed, flat; center a little
larger ; apex much tapering to a blunt, slightly more cylindrical point ;
ten low, vertical ribs from base to apex, smooth, but jointed by obscure,
regu'ar cross-striz ; basal diameter .4 mm.; height 1 mm. _ Silky white,
with pale yellow tint ; later orange red.
Stage I—Head entirely round and smooth, sutures marked by im-
pressed lines, clypeus moderate; orange yellow, ocelli black; width
.2mm. Body yellow, slightly greenish from the food, the anterior edge
of joint 2 ochraceous. Cylindrical, feet short ; no plates; segments finely
6 annulate ; subventral folds slight. Setz white, distinct, stiff; tubercles
obsolete, dark ; i dorsad to ii, both curved forward ; iii curved upward ;
iv and v in line subventrally, rather remote, short, not much curved. On
thoraxia, ib and iia seen, iib apparently absent, v present; no subprima-
ries. The sete are uniform white tubes, not tapering to the tip, somewhat
obliquely out at apex. Cervical shield setze condensed into a group of 5
on the anterior edge of joint 2, the plate really absent ; prespiracular tubercle
with one seta. Feet short, the subventral area contracted. Skin finely
setulose with dark points.
Stage IT.—Head rounded, yellow, tinted with green ; clypeus moderate ;
setz short, white, both primary and secondary present ; ocelli black, jaws
brown; width .4mm. _ Body cylindrical, segments 6-annulate, subventral
folds rather distinct. Setai stout, short, black, with distinct drop at tip;
ii very short and pale; iii short ; ivand va little larger, in line subventrally
as before; a similar secondary seta before, one behind and one below
subventrally ; several hairs on the leg. all short, pale at the tips. Color —
pale yellowish, the food showing faintly greenish. Skin with fine brownish
granules.
Slage I]/—Head rounded, covered with secondary pile, soft green,
ocelli black ; width.8mm._ Body pale green, 6-annulate, a faint yellowish
stigmatal line; seta i and ii large and black, glandular, the rest lost in
dense, fine, short, secondary hair, pale subventrally, black dorsally; no
shields, Shape cylindrical, normal ; feet short.
Slage IV.—Head round, not bilobed, clypeus reaching half way to
vertex, sutures not depressed ; soft green, pale pubescent ; width 1.5 mm.
Body uniform, anal flap rounded ; segments 6-annulate, Three setz of
cervical shield, one on prespiracular tubercle of prothorax, iia and iia of
joints 3 and 4, i and ii on abdomen black, glandular; others lost in
secondary hair, which is fine, short, black, pointed, arising from rather
large green tubercles. Soft green, a pale yellow stigmatal line from the
ee ee Pe 4
ae Je SE
i i alta a acid
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 619
spiracle of joint 2 to the base of anal flap across the pale flesh-colored
spiracles. Feet green. Later the yellow stripe is more distinct, but
otherwise unchanged.
Stage V.—Head rounded, outline circular, clypeus half way to vertex,
secondary granules dense, large, colorless, setz minute ; yellowish green,
ocelli black; width 2.6 mm. Body cylindrical, uniform, segments 6-
annulate, annulet 1 large. Soft green, minutely dark pilose, but the hair
tubercles pale. A yellow stigmatal line from the spiracle of joint 2 to the
anal flap, white on its lower edge, the contained spiracles flesh color, a
brown dot below each. Feet pale. No large setz except on joint 2 and
the anal flap, none glandular. Later the green color becomes lighter,
very soft, the feet and subventral region whitish. Skin nearly smooth,
densely dotted with green spots like the emergence holes of parasitic
ichneumons, the spots sparser than the secondary hairs. The yellow
stigmatal line is edged with dark green above and below. Shortly before
_ pupation the color changes still further. Dorsum clear greenish yellow
with large blackish green specks, two to four on each annulet on each
side. of the dorsal vessel, the lowest on the second annulet being lateral.
Stigmatal line rather broad, dark yellow, edged above with blue, irregu-
larly streaked by the annulets, a crimson line between the blue and
yellow; subventer clear yellow, feet reddish amber. Pupa as in C
exbule, the cases strongly projecting and arched. Green mottled with
purplish, a purplish dorsal line and yellowish lateral one; behind the
cases with three irregular white spots on each side.
or
Notes on Coleoptera.
By GEORGE A. EHRMANN, Pittsburg, Pa.
Brennus Cristatus Harr.
One female that has the left antennal joints all greatly short-
ened and reduced to ten in number, the terminal joint is so
much reduced that, in examining it through a magnifier, it is
but a little round knob. ‘The other, or ‘‘right antenna,” is
normal. ‘This specimen came from the Belfrage collection and
was collected in the Santa Cruz Mountains, California.
Dicaelus teter Bon.
A male, captured some time ago at Baldwin Station, that has —
a well-developed, double foreleg, beginning at the joint of the
tibee, or knee, and extends to the tarsus. ‘This false member
could not work independently, as it only shoots off below the
lower side of the joint. The tarsus joints are not fully formed,
620 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [December,
nor are the claws fully developed. This false member is on the
left foreleg.
Dorcus parallelus Say.
In Mr. H. G. Klages’s collection of Coleoptera of Jeannette,
Pa., there is a specimen of this species which I believe is of the
male sex that has two sets of well-developed tarsal joints and
claws. ‘This is on the right foreleg. ;
Orthosoma brunneum Forst.
A specimen of this I took, which proved to be a female on
examination of the genitalia and other characteristic points,
except in the antenne. The left is that of a male, while that
on the right is female.
The number of joints are the same, but, as coleopterists
know, that in this species of prionid the sexual character in
the antennz is that the male have longer and heavier antennze
than are found in the female. While in the female the joints
are shorter, and not nearly so heavy, the number of joints in
both sexes are the same.
Neoclytus caprea Say.
In the Hamilton collection, which is now at rest in the
Carnegie Museum, of Pittsburg, there is a specimen of this
species that has three antennze, one on the left side and two on
the right. With close inspection I noticed that the basal joint
is normal in the latter, and from this two joints branch out,
both continuing to the end, forming two normal and well-
developed antennz.
This specimen, Professor Jerome Schmitt has informed the
writer, was taken at St. Vincent, Westmoreland County, Pa.
Cyclocephala immaculata Oliv.
This I captured on July 12th, 1900, under the electric light
in Charleroi. I believe this is the first record of this insect
' being taken in this locality.
Hoplosia nubila Lec, etc.
From May the 30th until June 20th, 1900, I took 47 speci-
mens of this pretty longicorn. I also took quite a number of
ETE ee
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 621
Saperda vestita Say, and Amphionycha flammata Newm. ‘These
were mostly taken from the trunk and heavier branches of the
American Linden. All three species were feeding on the foliage
as well as mating on the trunk and larger branches,
Callida viridipennis Say.
I found three specimens of this pretty carabid hibernating
under the bark of the oak in midwinter ‘‘ Feb, 10, 1898,’’ and
a fourth specimen I beat from Scrub Hickwns in May 13th of
the same year.
i
>
Odonata from Arkansas.
By Cuas. C. ADAMS.
The specimens listed below were collected by Mr. F. M.
McElfresh, in Marion County, Arkansas, during the season of
1897. ‘The region is mountainous and the streams rocky,
1. Calopteryx maculata Beauv.
June rst, Jemmey’s Creek.
2. Heterina Americana Fabr.
June rst and roth, White River.
3. Enallagma exsulans Hag.
June rst and 5th, White River.
4. Argia putrida Hag.
June rst, White River ; June roth, Jemmey’s Creek.
5. Argia tibialis Ramb.
May 30th, June rst, White River.
6. Argia sedula Hag.
June 1st, White River; June rst and 27th, Wild Cat Creek.
7. Argia apicalis Say.
May 30th, June rst and 21st, Jemmey’s Creek.
8. Boyeria vinosa Say.
July 16th, Jemmey’s Creek.
9. Eschna 9 of the verticalis, clepsydra and constricta group.
July 28th, Jemmey’s Creek..
622 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ December,
10. Herpetogomphus designatus Selys.
June 25th, Cedar Creek ; July 13th, Jemmey’s Creek.
11. Dromogomphus spinosus Selys.
May 30th and June roth, White River.
12. Gomphus sordidus Hag.
May 19-2oth, Jemmey’s Creek. Dr. Calvert’s ales ox
13. Gomphus fraternus Say. :
$ Upper Jemmey’s Creek, May 17th; 9 White see
June roth. [They vary from the typical form toward exter-
nus.—P. P. Calvert. |
14. Libellula pulchella Drury.
July 14-26th, Wild Cat Creek ; July 28th, Jemmey’s Creek.
15. Plathemis trimaculata De G.
June roth, White River.
16. Sympetrum corruptum Hag.
July 13th, Jemmey’s Creek.
17. Pachydiplax longipennis Burm.
June roth, White River.
ee
A New Variety of Argynnis Nitocris.
By WILMATTE P., AND T. D. A. CoCKERELL.
Argynnis nitocris var. nigrocerulea n. var.
9 .—Upper side: basal half of wings dark purple or purple-black in-
stead of blackish brown; quadrate marks very pale yellowish, slightly
suffused with red ; wider side: marginal band of elongated marks pale
green, quadrate spots pale yellow, basal area of wings very dark, being
largely suffused with purple-black.
J .--Under side : basal area of hind wings with ground color cinnamon,
very much paler than in Q.
Hab.—Beulah, Sapello Canon, New Mexico, middle of
August, 1900. This beautiful insect is in some respects inter-
mediate between nitocris proper and Holland’s var. cerulescens,
It will be readily known by the great difference between the
color of the sexes on the hind wings beneath, and the purplish
color of the 9 above. Specimens are in Dr. Skinner’s collec-
tion, and he will doubtless be pleased to show them to those
interested.
Se ae
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 623
Some New Exotic Parasitic Hymenoptera.
By Wii11AmM H. AsHmxEAD, U. S. National Museum.
Prof. T. D. Alfken, Assistant Entomologist in the Stadtis-
ches Museum fur Natur-, Volker- und Handelskunde at Bre-
men, by the direction of the Director, Dr. Hugo H. Schauins-
land, has recently sent me for determination a small but inter-
esting collection of parasitic Hymenoptera, among which were
a few new forms collected by the Director and himself in the
Chatham Islands, east of New Zealand.
The latter were of especial interest to me, because I have
been working up recently the parasitic Hymenoptera taken
some years ago by Mr. Albert Koebele in Australia and New
Zealand, as well as a lot of bred material received from Mr.
W. W. Froggatt, the Government Entomologist at Sydney,
New South Wales.
The new species and genera received from Dr. Schauinsland
are described below.
Superfamily VII, CHALCIDOIDEA.
Family LXXI, EULOPHID.
EULOPHUS Geoffroy.
(1) Eulophus albitarsis n. sp.
Q.—Length 2.4mm. A=neous black, the metathorax sometimes bith
a metallic green lustre. The head and thorax, including the scutellum,
shagreened or recticulate, and clothed with some sparse black hairs ;
mesopleura on posterior half smooth and polished, but anteriorly reticu-
late ; metathorax short, smooth, shining, with a median elevation and an
acute ridge laterally, the latter fringed with long white hairs ; spiracles
large, oval. The head is transverse and thin, antero-posteriorly the tem-
ples being narrow ; the face is concave for the reception of the antennae,
which are inserted far anteriorly, and 8-jointed ; the scape is slender, but
does not quite reach to the front ccellus, is about half as long as the fla-
gellum, with the pedicel united, and of an zneous black color ; the flagel-
‘Jum is dull black ; the pedicel obconical, smooth and longer than thick ;
the funicle joints gradually become shorter and shorter, the first, the long-
est, being slightly longer than the pedicel. Legs czeneous black, the knees
and the anterior tibiz beneath reddish or dark honey-yellow, while all
the tarsi, except one or two terminal joints, are pale honey-yellow or
whitish. Abdomen zneous black, oval, wider than the thorax, and as
long as or slightly longer than the head and thorax united, the segments
624 _ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ December,
showing greenish bands in certain lights, especially if viewed obliquely in
a bright light ; the first segment is the longest, often metallic, the follow-
ing segments, except the sixth, which is very short, subequal in length.
fTab.—Europe and North America.
Described from 5 ? specimens; one taken November 1,
1899, on a window in Bremen, and 4 specimens taken by
myself on a window-pane in Washington, D, C.
Superfamily VIII, ICHNEUMONOIDEA.
Family LX XVI, ICHNEUMONIDA.
Subfamily II, Cryprinai.
Tribe IT, Phygadeuonine.
BATHYMETIS Forster.
(2) Bathymetis antipoda n. sp.
Q.—Length 4.2 to 4.5mm. Head and thorax polished black ; mandi-
bles, except the teeth, which are black, the scape, the pedicel and the
flagellum beneath to beyond the middle, the legs entirely, except the
hind coxz, which are more or less dusky, and the abdomen, except the
petiole or first segment, which is black, pale rufous; the anterior and
middle coxz and trochanters paler or yellowish ; antennz above brown- |
black. Antennz 19-jointed, the joints of the flagellum gradually shorten-
ing to the last, the first joint the longest, a little more than thrice as long
as thick, at apex being narrowed towards base, the second about thrice
as long as thick, the third still shorter and so on; the last joint is about
as long as the third flagellum joint. The head and thorax, although pol-
ished and shining, are microscopically punctate, the prothorax with some
lineations laterally, while the strong ridge bounding the mesopleura
anteriorly presents some lineations and punctures within; metathorax
strongly areolated, subrugose at sides, the hind angles subdentate, the
spiracular and middle lateral area confluent, while the spiracles are small
and round. Abdomen highly polished, impunctate, the petiole being
about as long as the hind femur, the second segment about two-thirds the —
length of the petiole and a little longer than the third, the fourth segment
shorter than the third, twice as wide as long and a little longer than the
fifth, the sixth and seventh segments very short, united shorter than the
fifth. Wings hyaline, the tegule brownish yellow, the large triangular”
stigma and the veins black or brown-black ; the submedian cell is longer
than the median, the areolet pentagonal, the outer nervure of same sub-
obsolete or whitish hyaline ; while the disco-cubital vein is broken by a
scarcely perceptible stump of a vein before the middle of the third dis-
coidal cell,
Hab,—Chatham Island,
Described from 29 specimens.
ne oree< acters
é
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, 625
Family LXXVII, ALYSIIDA.
The discovery of the curious genus Lysiognathus Ashm.,
with the mandibles, etc., agreeing with A/ysza and allies, but
with two recurrent nervures, has induced me finally to treat
the Alysiinze and the Dacnusinee as a distinct family apart
from the Braconide, since, as was suggested by Dr. Theodore
Gill at the time my paper on Lystognathus was read before the
Washington Entomological Society, 1 believe now that the
limber and distended jaws of these insects are of more taxo-
nomic value than the number of recurrent nervures in the
front wings.
Three distinct subfamilies are recognized In the family, sepa-
rated as follows :
Front wings with only one recurrent nervure, or the species are apter-
ous. F ‘ F ; ' ae e 4
Front wings with two cobhtient nervures . Subfam. I, LySIOGNATHINA.
2. Front wings with ¢hvee cubital cells ; ‘a if with two only, the first
transverse cubitus is wanting ; species sometimes apterous or
subapterous ‘ , . Subfam. IJ, ALysirnz.
Front wings with ¢wo cubital ‘eelig? the third transverse cubitus always
wanting ; species never apterous . Subfam. III, Dajnusina.,
Subfamily II, Arysrrn 4.
Tribe II, Alleini.
ASOBARA Forster.
(3) Asobara antipoda n. sp.
Q.—Length 3 mm. Ovipositor hardly two-thirds the length of the
abdomen. Head, two basal joints of antennz, upper part of prothorax
and slightly at sides, the mesonotum, the scutellum and the. legs brown-
ish yellow or pale rufous; rest of antennz, the thorax and abdomen
shining black ; palpi and tegulz whitish ; teeth of mandibles blackish at
tips ; wings hyaline, ciliate, the stigma and veins dark brown. The an-
tennz are broken off at tips, but were evidently longer than the body ;
the second joint of the flagellum is the longest joint, being considerably
longer than the first, as well as distinctly longer than the third; the third
and fourth joints are about equal, while those beyond are slightly shorter;
all are bearded with short, sparse hairs. The entire body, except a small
triangular space behind the insertion of the hind wing, which is rugose or
wrinkled, is polished, shining and impunctate ; the mesonotum has a
median longitudinal fovea posteriorly just in front of the scutellum, the
latter being convexly elevated with a broad, crenate furrow at base;
626 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [December,
the metathorax has a distinct median carina, with the spiracles moder-
ately large and rounded. The marginal cell in the front wings is very
large and extends clear to the tip of the wing, while the submedian cell is
a little longer than the median, and the second discoidal cell is open at
apex below.
ffab.—Chatham Island.
Described from 1 2 specimen.
Family LXXVII, BRACONIDA.
Among the material from Chatham Island, I find a new
Braconid genus represented by three distinct species. Its posi-
tion and distinctive characters may be best shown by repro-
ducing from my forthcoming monograph on the North Ameri-
can Braconide, my generic table of the group to which it
belongs.
Subfamily VI, HELCONINA.
Tribe I, Helconinz.
TABLE OF GENERA.
Abdomen attached to the metathorax far above the hind coxz f I.
Abdomen attached normally.
Hind femora beneath uwzarmed : ‘ Z 2.
Hind femora beneath armed with one or more teeth.
Hind femora armed with many small teeth beneath ; recurrent nerv-
ure joining the second cubital cel] (Sarawac).
(1) Euscelinus Westw.
Hind femora armed with one tooth beneath ; recurrent nervure join-
ing the first cubital cell . ; : : (2) Helcon Nees.*
2. Recurrent nervure joining the first cubital cell.
Second cubital cell not longer than wide, usually wider than long ;
clypeus at apex rounded f : “33
Second cubital cell always longer than wide; clypets' at pe truncate.
Basal joint of hind tarsi zo/ longer than joints 2-4 united ; median
cell in hind wings zo¢ or scarcely shorter than the costal cell.
(3) Gymnoscelis Forst.
Basal joint of hind tarsi longer than joints 2-4 united ; median cell
in hind wings much shorter than the costal cell . (4) Eumacro-
centrus Ashm., n. g. (type 77. americanus Cr.),
3. Submedian and median cells in front wings of an equal length ; second
cubital cell petiolate, xo¢ longer along the radius than along
the cubitus, if anything a little shorter . (5) Aspicolpus Wesm.
* Mr. Peter Cameron has recently rechristened thi this well- known genus under the name
Wroughtonia, vide Mem. and Proc, Manchester Lit, and Phil. Soc., vol. 43, 1899, p. 56.
iT
aa
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 627
Submedian cell considerably longer than the median ; second cubital
cell sessile, or at most subsessile and /onger along the radius
than along the cubitus, so as to appear obtrapezoidal.
(6) Schauinslandia Ashm. n. g. (Type S. femorata Ashm.).
4. Recurrent nervure interstitial or joining the first cubital cell ; first dis-
coidal cell longly petiolate ; second cubital cell not large.
(7) Cenocelius Hal.
= Aulacodes Cr.
== Laccophrys Forst.
= Capitonius Br.
= Promachus Marshall.*
SCHAUINSLANDIA Ashmead, n. g.
The affinities of this new genus is clearly with /Yelcon and
Cenocelius, and with the exception of the attachment of the
abdomen, shows the closest relation with the latter genus. Its
generic characters and its position in the group, are, I think,
clearly brought out in my table, and little more may be said
of it: the head is large, quadrate or subquadrate ; madibles biden-
date, the upper tooth the longer ; maxillary palpi long, 5-jointed, -
the first joint the shortest, the third the longest, the second some- .
what dilated towards one side at base; labial palpi 4g-jointed,
much shorter; antenne 16-jointed in S. femorata, the first and
last joints of flagellum the longest, about equal in length ; meso-
notal furrows distinct ; scutellum with a crenate furrow across the
base, metathorax not or very incompletely areolated. Wings
similar tn venation to Aspicolpas Wesmael, but with the subme-
dian cell much longer than the median, and with the second cubital
cell quite differently shaped, being obtrapezoidal, never quadrate.
This genus is dedicated to the distinguished Director of the
‘Museum, Dr. Hugo Hermann Schauinsland.
(4) Schauinslandia femorata n. sp.
Q.—Length 5 to 6 mm. Head, except a spot on the vertex, the an-
tennz, except the last three joints, the abdomen and the legs mos¢/y fer-
rugineous ; spot on vertex, enclosing the ocelli and extending forward to
the base of the antennz, black ; palpi, trochanters and tarsi white ; hind
coxe black ; hind femora dark red, their tibia fuscous. The frontal de-
pression of the head is transversely wrinkled, but with a distinct median
* Mr. Marshall claims the genus /vomachus Marshall was never published. I dispute
this; the name was published in 1887, in a table furnished by him for Cresson, wide Cres-
son’s Synopsis of N. A. Hym., p. 61, line 23.
628 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [December,
grooved line extending from the front ocellus to the base of the antennz. —
The thorax, except sutures anteriorly and in and along the parapsidal
furrows, and the scutellum, which are reddish, is black; the surface is
smooth, but still.sparsely microscopically punctate ; the metathorax is
somewhat rugoso-punctate, with slight indications of irregularly formed
carinz at base and laterally. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins black
or mostly black, the costal vein within towards base and the median and
submedian veins in both wings are more or less testaceous basally.
Abdomen a little shorter than the head and thorax united, sessile, but
narrowed towards base, the surface, except the first segment, which is
roughened and striate at basal two-thirds, is smooth and polished; the
first and second segments are long, nearly equal in length, the second
being somewhat the longer ; the third, fourth and fifth segments are short,
nearly equal in length, but all united shorter than the first ; the following
segments are more or less retracted; ovipositor hardly as long as the
abdomen, the sheaths black.
/Tab.--Chatham Islands.
Described from 2 ? specimens.
(5) Schauinslandia alfkenii n. sp
3 .—Length about 4mm. Head, the thorax, except the pronotum at
the sides, and the abdomen black ; mandibles rufous, with black teeth ;
palpi white ; first joint of antennz, the tegulz, and the legs, except the
hind tibize outwardly at base and apex and the hind tarsi, brownish yel-
low ; hind tibize outwardly at base and apex and their tarsi dark fuscous,
almost black. The head and the thorax are sparsely punctate ; the tneso-
notum is rugosely punctate in the depression at termination of the parap-
sidal furrows ; the scutellum has a crenate furrow across the base, while
the metathorax is distinctly and rather closely punctate, but without even
traces of carine. Wings hyaline.
FTab.—Chatham Islands.
Described from 1 % specimen.
(6) Schauinslandia pallidipes n. sp.
Q.—Length about 3.5mm. Black and shining, but distinctly, although
somewhat sparsely punctate, the prothorax alone ferruginous or testa-
ceous ; tegulz and legs, except the last joint of the tarsi, uniformly pale
yellowish. The thorax is similar to that of .S. a//keni7, except the meso-
notum is sparsely, minutely punctate, without the rugoso-punctate de-
pression posteriorly. Wings hyaline, the large triangular stigma and the
veins brown, not black ; otherwise as in a//kenii. Abdomen subpetio-
late, the first segment narrower than in .S. femorafa and punctate for
four-fifths its length; rest of abdomen smooth, shining, the second dor-
sal segment having a rufous tinge towards base, The ovipositor in the
single specimen is exerted to more than the length of the abdomen, but
ee
ery ©
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 629
the body sheaths are distinctly shorter than the abdomen. Dorsal seg-
ments 2-6 are subequal in length and quite different from S. /emoraza,
Ffab,—Chatham Islands.
Described from 1 @ specimen.
Subfamily XVI, RHOGADINA.
Tribe IV, Doryctinz.
DORYCTOMORPHA Ashmead, n. g.
This interesting new genus is allied to Cenopachys Forster
and Doryctes Haliday ; but tabulated it may be easily separated
from ‘them and their allies as follows:
Second abdominal segment above blending with the third, zo¢ separated
by a strong transverse suture or furrow . ‘ ; a
Second abdominal segment above separated from the third rae a more or
less strong transverse suture or furrow . Odontobracon Cam.,
Hedysoma Frst., Rhaconotus Reinh,
2. Basal joint of hind tarsi not longer than the four following wane united,
always much shorter ; antennz very long . a;
Basal joint of hind tarsi about twice as long as the four following joints
united; antennz very short . . Histeromerus Wesm.
3. Wingless peas : 3 ‘ ; ; ; ; F : ; 5,
Winged species.
Recurrent nervure joining the first cubital cell or interstitial with the
first transverse cubitus . 7 ‘ * 4.
Recurrent nervure joining the eto cubital ail
Second and third abscisse of the radius and the cubitus abnor-
mally thickened ; hind wings w7thoud an anal cell.
Cznopachys Forst.
Second and third abscissz of the radius and the cubitus normal,
not thickened ; hind wings wth an anal cell. . Dorycto-
morpha Ashm. n. g. (Type D. antipoda Ashm.).
4. Abdominal segments without arcuate punctate lines at the most with
transverse or oblique impressed lines.
Second abdominal segment without deep oblique impressed lines ;
hind wings in the ¢) without a stigma.
Submedian cell longer than the median ; abdomen sessile.
Metathorax areolated or at least always with a complete areola.
Ischiogonus Wesm.
Metathorax zo/ areolated, the areola wanting, or if at all indica-
ted, always confluent with the petiolar area . Doryctes Hal.
Submedian cell zo¢ longer than the median ; abdomen distinctly
petiolate or the first segment very long, petioliform.
Stenophasmus Smith.
10*
630 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, [December,
Second abdominal segment wz¢h two distinct oblique impressed
lines; hind wings in ¢ with a stigma (very rarely without) ;
recurrent nervure not interstitial with the first transverse cubi-
tus : ; Glyptodoryctes Ashm.
Abdominal deviiaits with puncaate arcuate lines (¢‘ unknown) ; recur-
rent nervure interstitial with the first transverse cubitus.
Bathycentor Kriechb.
(7) Doryctomorpha antipoda n. sp.
2.—Length 3.3 mm. Ovipositor longer than the bady. Head and
thorax black; abdomen above dark brownish piceous, almost black,
beneath ts Fly base of mandibles, the palpi, the tegulz, anterior legs,
the middle and anterior coxze, the trochanters, base of femora, knees and
base of hind tibia yellowish white ; rest of legs ferruginous or fuscous.
Antennz 2-3 jointed, the scape large and considerably thickened, longer
and much thicker than the first joint of the flagellum, which is the long-
est flagellum joint, and a little more than thrice as long as thick at apex ;
second flagellum joint about two-thirds the length of the first ; the follow-
ing to the last are shorter and imperceptibly become shorter or smaller,
all being delicately fluted from the fifth. Head large, quadrate, coriace-
ously opaque ; thorax shining, but finely, sparsely punctate, the meso-
pleura with a slight femoral impression, the metathorax not short, its
posterior face feebly transversely aciculate and bounded by a prominent
carina superiorly, the metanotum thus enclosed and with a poorly defined
median carina. Wings hyaline, the stigma and veins brown, the second
and third cubital cell large, nearly equal in length, the second receiving
the recurrent nervure at its lower basal angle ; submedian cell very much
longer than the median.
Fab.—Chatham Islands.
Described from 1 9 specimen.
+»
*
Notes on the Distribution of Podisma variegata
Scudder.
By J. A. G. REuNn, Acad. Nat. Sci., Phila.
The recent acquisition of a number of this species by the
author induced him to gather together all the data which he
could secure concerning this very interesting species. ‘The
original description (Rev. Melan, p. 101) was based on two
males and one female, from Ithaca and Enfield Falls, Tomp-
kins County, New York, taken at elevations of 400 and 450
feet respectively. Mr. Scudder also mentions having had sent
ee,
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 631
to him drawings of this species from specimens taken at De
Grasse Point, Lake Simcoe, Ontario, Canada.
The first capture of this species which has come under my
notice was by Mr. Chas. W. Johnson, at North Mountain
(Ricketts), Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, in September,
1897. A number of specimens were collected in a section
from which hemlock had been recently cut, the species being
rather abundant. In August, 1900, I received several speci-
mens collected at Bellasylva, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania,
by Mr. Otto Behr. Mr. Behr isa resident of that section, and
his statement is to the effect that the species always occurs on
the branches of the hemlock, and that, on removal, they will
immediately return to the same.
The third instance I know of is the capture of a single spe-
cimen of this insect at Ganoga Lake, Sullivan County, Penn-
sylvania, by Mr. Stewardson Brown, on September 2, 1g00.
Mr. Brown states that the specimen was captured in a clearing
in a woods containing hemlock, birch and maple, it being the
only one observed.
Quite recently a specimen has been presented to me me by
Mr. W. S. Huntington, who collected it at Glen Onoko, Car-
bon County, Pennsylvania. ‘The specimen is a male, and was
collected in grass, it being the only one observed.
From the above recorded captures it is very evident that
hemlock exercises a very strong influence over this insect ; for
while the last-mentioned capture was not taken in hemlock,
there undoubtedly is hemlock somewhere in the vicinity, and,
while it is not the prevailing tree, it is there in moderate num-
bers—at least, that is the writer’s experience not far from that
locality.
From present indications the occurrence of this insect may
be expected in any section of the State which contains moder-
ate quantities of hemlock.
Cecropia Cocoons.
By CAROLINE G. SOULE.
I am much interested in the Cecropia-cocoon question as
stated in the ENromorocicaAlt, News for June, for I have in
632 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ December,
the past three years examined about 400 cocoons in the hope
of finding a certain guide to sex, and without result. Some of
my biggest and roundest, baggiest and most ‘‘inflated’’ cocoons
gave fine males, while some of the slenderest, longest and
‘‘trig’’-est cocoons gave females. I have had these cocoons
from Illinois, Massachusetts, Vermont and New Hampshire,
and a very few from New York. Many of the baggy ones
were taken from willow and box-elder trees, eight or ten feet
from the ground, while one I took from a tree whose branch I
had to pull down with my umbrella in order to reach the
cocoon.
On the other hand, many of the slender, long cocoons were
found on low stems of shrubs, while others were high on the
box-elders and willows.
The smallest, thinnest cocoon I had gave a female, the pupa
being so large that there was no spare space in the cocoon, and
it did not rattle when shaken.
I have reared many broods of cecropia, and have never had
a larva spin a baggy cocoon in captivity, while in these broods
the females so outnumber the males that I suspect polygamy ;
yet I have this year had a 9 cecropia mate for the second time
after ovipositing for three nights.
The more I study the habits of these creatures, the more
variety I find in them—the experiences of one year or one
brood differing from those of another.
[A few observations made last spring gave the following
results: Eleven ‘‘ baggy ’’ cocoons disclosed seven males and
four females; twenty-one slender and compact cocoons dis-
closed twelve males and nine females. Mr. I. B. Roberts, of
Chicago, Ill., sends the following result: ‘‘’Thirty-one ‘baggy’
cocoons disclosed twenty-five females and six males. ‘The in-
flated cocoons were all found in marshy places and nearly always
near the ground, and it seems as though the outer part was
made as a protection in case of floods.’’ Miss Soule has proba-
bly explained my original observations on the theory of several
or individual broods having peculiar characteristics. I do not
believe in Mr. Roberts’ theory of protection against flood.
HENRY SKINNER. }
‘
4
sy
y
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[The Conductors of ENTroMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items
of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given
in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.]
z
To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our
earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep-
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL News has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer
ence, as to make it necessary to put ‘‘ copy’ into the hands of the printer, for each num
ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or
important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘ extras,” without change in form,
will be given free, when they are wanted ; and this should be so stated on the MS., along
with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—Ep.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., DECEMBER, 1900.
A well-known entomologist writes to the NEws as follows :
‘‘T have been surprised that there is no means for the many
entomologists of the non-economic kind to see each other with-
out each makes a pilgrimage to the shrines of all the others.
Now, why can not we get together somewhere once in a while
and have a royal good time, exchange notes and specimens,
and see how each other looks? Say, for instance, that about
the Christmas holidays the scattered entomologists throughout
New England and the Eastern States in general, as well as
those of the larger cities, meet in conference at some central
point. Let each one bring some specimens of the things he
loves best and be prepared to give some little talk on the sub-
ject which interests him most. I do not know whether any
such thing has ever been proposed, but .I cannot see why it
should not prove a success. If the economic entomologists
can do it, why can not the others?’’ The Nrws would be
pleased to see some active entomologist interest himself in this
and try and make such meetings successful and profitable.
LENTH OF LIFE IN A BEETLE.—At the meeting of the Natural His-
tory Society of Brunn, Austria, March 10, 1898, Herr Ign. Czizek showed
a beetle, Gibbium psylloides, which he had kept living in a small box
Since the spring of 1895, and which was still active and lively.
634 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ December,
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY P. P. CALVERT.
Under the above head it is intended to mention papers received at the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia pertaining to the Entomology of the Americas (North
and.South). Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted. Contribu-
tions to the anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, however, relating to Ameri-
can or exotic species, will be recorded. The numbers in HEAVY-FACED. TYPE refer to the
journals, as-numbered in the following list, in which the papers are published; * denotes
that the paper in question contains descriptions of new North American forms. Titles ofall
articles in foreign languages are translated into English; usually such articles are written
in thesame language as thetitle of thejournal containing them, but when such articles arein
other languages than English, French, German or Italian, this fact is indicated in brackets.
4. The Canadian Entomologist, London, Ont., Nov., ’00.—&. Psyche,
Cambridge, Mass., Nov., ’00.—%. Bulletin 26, new series, U. S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Washington, ’00.—8. The
Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, London, Nov., ’00.—9. The Ento-
mologist, London, Nov., ’00.—15. Biologia Centrali-Americana, part
clvii, London, Aug., 00. Rec’d. Oct., ’00.—18. The Ottawa Naturalist,
Oct., ’0o.—22. Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipsic, ’00.—36. Transactions,
Entomological Society of London, 1900, pt. iii, Oct. 22.—40. Societas
Entomologica, Ziirich-Hottingen, ’00.—41. Entomologische Nachrichten,
xxvi, Berlin, ’00.—49. Termeszetrajzi Fiizetek, xxiii, 3-4, Budapest, ’oo.
—650O. Proceedings, United States National Museum, Washington, ’o0.—
73. Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Generale, (3) viii, Notes et
Revue, Paris, ’00.—84. Insekten Bérse, Leipsic, ’00.—93a Atti, 93r
Rendiconti, R. Accademia dei Lincei, Rome, ’oo.—101. Rovartani
Lapok, Budapest, ’00.—132. Popular Science, New York, Aug., ’00 —
139. Proceedings and Transactions, Royal Society of Canada, (2) v,
Ottawa, 1899, rec’d. Oct. 20, ’oo.
THE GENERAL SUBJECT.—Anon. Obituary notice of Dr.
Otto Staudinger with portrait, 84. Oct. 25.—Cockerell, T. D. A.,
Banks, N. (Arachnida, Neuroptera*), Scudder, S. H. (Orthoptera*),
Smith, J. B. (Noctuidz), Some insects of the Hudsonian zone in New
Mexico, %.—Lameere, A. Manuel de la Faune de Belgique. Tome
If. Insectes Inférieurs avec 721 figures. Corrodants, Dermapteéres, Or-
thoptéres, Plecoptéres, Agnathes, Odonates, Thysanoptéres, Hémip-
ttres, Planipennes, Panorpates, Trichoptéres, Coléopteéres. Bruxelles,
H. Lamertin, 1900. Pp. 858, including the index. The author estimates
the number of species of these groups now living in Belgium at a maxi-
mum figure of 5000, of which 3106 are actually described in the present
volume. The arrangement of the text throughout is in the form of ana-
lytical keys, and should consequently be useful to others than those in-
terested in the Belgian fauna,—Oestlund, O. W,. A Laboratory Guide
in Entomology. For use as-an Introduction to the Study of Entomology,
and as Introductory to a Course in General Zoology. H. W. Wilson,
Minneapolis, 1900, 49 pp. 9 figs. —Oudemans, J.T. De Neder-
a
1900] | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 635
landsche Insecten. 15 Aflevering. s’Gravenhage Martinus Nijhoff.
1899. Rec’d. Nov., 1900. This is the concluding part of this work. Pp.
737-810 Hymenoptera concluded ; 811-836 index. Title page, preface,
table of contents, pp. i-xv.—Pic, M. Where are the types? Not enough
or too much of absolute priority? Procés-Verbaux des Séances, Société
d’ Histoire Naturelle d’Autun, 1898. Rec’d. Oct, 19, 1900.
ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY .—Felt, E. P. Fifteenth report
of the State Entomologist on injurious and other insects of the State of
New York, 1899. Bulletin of the New York State Museum, vi, No. 31,
Albany, June, 1900.—Id. Some effects of early spring applications of
insecticides on fruit trees, 7.—Fletcher, J. Recent additions to the
list of injurious insects of Canada, figs., 139; Notes from Canada, 7.—
Gillette, C. P. Apiary experiments, 6 pls., Bulletin 54, Agric. Exper.
Station of the Agricultural College of Colorado, Fort Collins, Colo., May,
‘00.—Id. Objects of the Association of Economic Entomologists, 7.—
Id. Entomological notes from Colorado, 7.—Grassi, B. Further
studies on malaria: the malaria of Grosseto and some observations on
the habits of Axzopheles, 9Sr, Oct. 7.—Grassi, B., and Martirano,
Blessich, Druetti, Gilblas, Jacobelli and Marcovecchio. First
summary account of the experiment against malaria made in the vicinity
of Pesto, 93a, Sept. 16,—Howard, L. O. The principal insects affect-
ing the tobacco plant, figs. Reprinted with slight revision by the author
from the yearbook of the Dept. of Agriculture for 1898. Farmers’ Bul-
letin No. 120. U. S. Dep’t. of Agriculture, Division of Entomology,
Washington, ’oo.—Id. Establishment of a new beneficial insect [.Scu-
tellista cyanea] in California, 7; Beneficial work of Hyperaspis signata,
7.—Id. Regulations of foreign governments regarding importation of
American plants, trees and fruits [affected by San José scale], Circular
No. 41, second series, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Division of Entomology,
Washington, Aug. 24,’ 0o.—Johnson, W. G. Notes upon the destruc-
tive green pea louse (Nectarophora destructor Johns,) for 1900, 2 pls., 73
Aphelinus fuscipennis, an important parasite upon the San José scale in
Eastern United States, 7.—Id. Notes on insects of economic importance
for 1900, 7.—Kirkland, A. H. The brown-tail moth in Massachu-
setts, 7.—Lounsbury, C. P. Notes on some South African ticks, 7.
—Marlatt, C. L. How to control the San José scale, Circular No. 42,
second series, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Wash-
ington, Oct. 22, ’00.—Quaintance, A. L. Observations of Diabrotica
12 punctata Oliv., 7.—Sanderson, E. D. Notes from Delaware, 7.—
Sanderson, E. D., and Penny, C. L. Hydrocyanic acid gas as an
insecticide on'low-growing plants, 7.--Scott, W. M. Notes on Coccidze
of Georgia, 7.—Webster, F. M. Insects of the year in Ohio, 7.—
Id. The Hessian fly in Ohio in 1899 and 1900, Bulletin 119, Ohio Agric.
_ Exper. Station, Wooster, Ohio, June, 1900.—Woodworth, C. W.
Notes from California, 7.
ARACHNIDA.—Banks, N. See the General Subject.—Cam-
bridge, F. O. P. Arachnida Araneidea, vol. ii, pl. x, 15.—Simon, E.
636 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [December,
Descriptions of new Arachnids of the family Attide, Annales Société
Entomologique de Belgique, xliv, 10, Brussels, Oct. 29, ’00.—Wallace,
L. B. The accessory chromosome in the spider, figs., Anatomischer
Anzeiger, Leipsic, Oct-19, ’oo:
MYRIOPODA.— Banks, N. Camphor secreted by an animal
[other secretions of Myriopods], Science, New York, Oct. 26, ’00.—
Dubosq, O. The development of Sco/opendra according to Heymons,
figs, 73, Nos. 1-2, May 5.—Verhoeff, K. W. An unknown character
of young Julide, fig., 22, Oct. 22. :
APTERYGOTA.—Absalon, K. Preliminary communication on
the Aphoruridz from the caves of the Moravian Karst, figs., 22, July
23.—Folsom, J. W. The development of the mouth-parts of Anurida
maritima. Guér., 8 pls., Bulletin, Museum of Comparative Zoology at
Harvard College, xxxvi, 4, Cambridge, Mass., Oct., 1900.—Lie-Pet-
tersen, O. J. Biological [notes] on Norwegian Collembola [Copula-
tion, food], Bergens Museum Aarbog 1899, heft 2, ’oo.
ORTHOPTERA.—Morse, A. P. Orthoptera, vol. ii, pp. 9-16*
[Tettigie], 15.—Scudder, S. H. New or little known Californian
Orthoptera,* 43; see also the General Subject.
NEUROPTERA.—Banks, C. S. The horned Corydalis, figs.,
132.—Banks, N. See the General Subject.
HEMIPTERA.—Ball, E. D. Additions to the western Jassid
fauna,* 4; Notes on the species of Macropsis and Agadlia of North
America,* 5.—Champion, G. C. A species of Scapfocoris Perty,
found at the roots of sugar-cane, figs.,* 8.—Cockerell, T. D. A.
Food-plants of Homoptera, 9.—Fowler, W. W. Rhynchota Homop-
tera, vol. i, pp. 49-56* [//a/a, etc.], pl. vii; vol. ii, pp. 273-280* [ 7ett-
gonia|15.—Montandon, A. L. New or little known exotic Hemip-
tera of the collections of the Hungarian National Museum, 49.—Scott,
W. M. See Economic Entomology.
COLEOPTERA.—Beaulieu, G. The Cicindelas of the Province
of Quebec, Naturaliste Canadien, Chicoutimi, Quebec, Oct. 15, ’00.—
Csiki, E. New Coleoptera in the collection of the Hungarian National
Museum, 49.—Fenyes, B. From the diary of a Californian coleop-
terologist, ii, The Californian Tenebrionide [in Magyar], 101, Sept.—
Gahan, C. J. Stridulating organs in Coleoptera, 1 pl., 86.—Horn,
W. To study of the Cicindelidze, 41, 13-14, July.—Kerremans, C.
Three new Buprestidz of the Hungarian National Museum,*49.—Leger,
L., and Hagenmuller, P. On the morphology and evolution of
Ophryocystis Schneideri, n. sp., figs. [sporozoon parasitic in B/aps], 73,
No. 3, June 15.—Seurat, L. G. On the morphology of the respiratory
apparatus of the larva and of the nymph of Bruchus ornatus Bohm,
Comptes Rendus, l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Oct. 15, ’00.—Tschit-
schérine, T. Memoir on the genus 7vichocel/us (Gangl.), Horz So-
cietatis Entomologicz Rossicz, xxxii, 3-4, St. Petersburg, 1898. Rec'd.
Oct., 1900.—Wickham, H. F. Notes on some Cicindelidz from the
southwestern United States, 40, Sept, 1.
1900] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 637
DIPTERA.—Cockerell, T. D. A. Asphondylia mentzelig,* 9.
—Harrington, W. Fauna Ottawaensis, Diptera, 18.—Kertesz, K.
Review of the species of Griphoneura, fig., 49.—Stein, P. Four new
species of Homalomyia from Bolivia, in the Hungarian National Museum,
49.—Vignon, P. Cytoplasmic differentiations, vibratile hairs and
cuticles, figs [ Chironomus plumosus|, 73, Nos. 1-2, May 5.
LEPIDOPTERA.—v. Aigner-Abafi, L, The sound produced by
Acherontia atropos [in Magyar, brief German summary ], figs., 101, Sept.,
Oct.—Bachmetjew, P. Weakening of Lepidoptera in consequence of
increased body temperature, 40, Sept. 15, Oct. 1, 15.—Busck, A,
New species of moths of the superfamily Tineina from Florida,* 1 pl.,
50, No. 1208, rec’d. Oct. 16.—Chapman, T. A. Note on the oviposi-
tion of Parnassius apollo, 9.—Dannatt, W. Description of a new spe-
cies of Dircenna from Peru, fig., 9.—Dyar, H. G. Life histories of
some North American Moths, 40, No. 1209, rec’d. Oct. 16; New species
of Anaphorine,* 4; Change of preoccupied names, 43 Life-histories of
North American Geometride, xvi, 5.—Ehrmann, G. A. Variations
in some common species of butterflies, 4.—Gauckler, H. Degenera-
tion of Ocneria dispar in consequence of inbreeding, 84, Sept. 6.—Gib-
son, A. Colias eurytheme [near Ottawa], 18; The Life-history of
Euprepia caja L., var. americana Harr., 4.—Godman, F. D. Lepi-
doptera Rhopalocera, vol. ii, pp. 485-500, pls. xciii, xciv, 15.—Jordan,
K. Some remarks on Prof. Grote’s Systema Lepidopterorum Hildesiz,
41, 17-18, Sept.—Meyrick, E. New Hawaiian Lepidoptera, 8.—
Quail, A. Life-histories in the Hepialid group of Lepidoptera, with
description of one new species and notes on imaginal structure, 2 pls.,
36.—Scudder, S..H. A caterpillar with two lives [ Papilio turnus],
132.—Sharpe, Emily M. B. Monographie Entomologice, i. A
Monograph of the genus Teracolus. London, Lovell Reeve & Co., Pt.
vii, 1900, Rec’d. Nov., ’o0o. Pp. 69-84, pls. 24-27.—Smith, J. B.
Contributions toward a monograph of the North American Noctuide :
revision of the species of Xy/ina,* 5 pls., Transactions, American Ento-
mological Society, xxvii, Philadelphia, Aug., 00 ; Notes on some species
of Acronycta in the British Museum, 4; See also the General Subject.—
Standfuss, M. Synopsis of experiments in hybridization and tempera-
ture made with Lepidoptera up to the end of 1898; part ii (cont.), 1 pl.,
9.—Stitz, H. The genital apparatus of the Microlepidoptera, 5 pls.,
Zoologische Jahrbiicher, Abtheilung fiir Anatomie und Ontogenie der
Thiere, xiv. 1, Jena, Oct. 11, ’°00.—Thurau, F. A case of copula inter
mares between Bombyx mori 1.. and Ocneria dispar L., 41, 12, June.—
Tutt, J. W. Migration and dispersal of insects: Lepidoptera, Ento-
mologist’s Record, London, Oct. 15, ’oo. ;
HYMENOPTERA.—Ashmead, W. H. Classification of the Ich-
neumon flies, or the superfamily Ichneumonoidea, 50, No. 1206. Rec’d.
Oct. 15. The Ichneumonoidea, as here defined, comprise the families
Evaniide, Agriotypide, Ichneumonidz, Alysiidze, Braconidz and Ste-
phanidz. The main body of the work is made up of tables of the sub-
638 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ December,
families, tribes and genera. Lists are given of genera unknown to the
author and not classified, of genera incorrectly placed with the Ichneu-
monoidea, and of authors and works quoted; a bibliography of genera
alphabetically arranged,.synopses of the families of Hymenoptera, and
lastly an index. The author ‘has had material for examination from
all parts of the world, and hopes in the tables he is now publishing to
place the families, subfamilies, tribes and genera on a better foundation.
. . . Very few persons have given any attention to these insects, and the
necessity for these fine subgeneric and tribal divisions is evidently appa- -
rent to only a few active workers. The great majority of the workers in
other groups seem totally ignorant of this vast complex, or at least have
no conception of its immensity, or the difficulties encountered in study-
ing and identifying material belonging to it derived from different parts
of the world .... When the body of this work is examined . . . it is
found that no less than eleven hundred and forty genera, or more, have
been recognized and tabulated, although when Burmeister [wrote] . . .
in 1835, the Ichneumonoidea contained only about one hundred and nine
genera. . . . In my tables, therefore, there will be found many genera
which by some eminent living hymenopterologists are thought to be of no
value, but which the writer, on the contrary, holds to be good and dis-
tinct—a difference of opinion that time alone can settle.’’—Cameron,
P. Hymenoptera, vol. i, pp. 475-487 [Index], i-xii, title page; vol. ii,
pp. 405-413 [Index], i-xi, title page, 15.—Friese, H.—New species of
bees from South America, 41, 12, June; New species of the bee genera
Melipona lll. and Trigona Jur.*, 49.—Harrington, W. H. Cata-
logue of Canadian Proctotrypide,* 139.—Moreno, A. Observations
concerning the habits of ants [im Spanish], Memorias y Revista de la So-
ciedad Cientifica ‘‘ Antonio Alzate”’ xiv, 11-12, Mexico, 1900.--Rudow.
Remarks on the distribution of the sexes in Hymenoptera, $4, Oct. 18.
—Szepligeti,G. Joppine of the Hungarian National Museum,* 49.
—Weed, C. M., and Fiske, W. F. The relations of Pimpla con-
quisitor to Clisiocampa americana, 7.—Wheeler, W. M. A study of
some Texan Ponerine, figs., Biological Bulletin, ii, 1, Boston, Oct., 1900.
>+_—_ +
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
Edited by Prof. JOHN B, SMITH, Sc. D., New Brunswick, N. J.
Papers for this department are solicited. They should be sent to the editor
Prof, John B, Smith, Sc.D., New Brunswick, N. J.
NOTES ON THE OCCURRENCE OF BROOD XX OF THE
PERIODICAL CICADA, C/CADA SEPTENDECIM,
IN OHIO IN 1goo,
The accompanying map will show the area covered by this brood the
present year. The supposition, however, has been that it covered nearly
1900]
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
639
or quite the entire counties of Ashtabula, Trumbull, Mahoning, Colum-
biana, and perhaps portions of Lake, Geauga and Portage.
In Bulletin
87 of the Ohio Agricultural Experimental Station I have given a map
illustrating the area covered by Brood XV of this species.
OF IANCE weENRY
PAULOING
PUTNAM
VAN WERT
I will simply
ALLEN
MERCIA AvGLAIZE
NOX
LOGAN
SmE.6" yee , COBMOCTON
OkLawart
eee ce CHAMP AION
MAM: LICKING
puahsiwe MUSKINGUM
CLARKE
3h MADIBON
PRGBLE MONTGOMERY a FaRFELO PEARY
GREENE
PavETTE
G@umen oT CLINTON epee, Se
HOCKING ATrENS
RO8S
VINTON
HAMILTON, nIGHLAND
mucs
CLCRMOMT Pme ‘iahena
BROWN CALUA
Bc'o70
ADAMS
LAWRENCE
|
TUSGARAWAS
WASHINGTON
GEL MONT
say that the brood at present under consideration—Number XX—overlaps
Brood XV in northern Jefferson, eastern Carroll, Stark and Southeastern
Portage Counties. I have been totally unable to find any evidence of the
640 ; ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ December,
occurrence of the species north of the southern third of Trumbull County.
The area indicated by the accompanying map will show the extent to
which the latter county is covered by this brood. Excepting along the
borders of the area covered by the cicada the present year in Ohio, the
occurrence was very marked and the insects were present in very great
abundance, and the brood might be designated in Ohio as a very com-
pact one,
The exact area over which the species occurred the present year in
Ohio may be indicated as follows : Starting near Empire, Jéfférson County,
on the Ohio River, and extending across the northeast corner of the county
into Carroll, thence to Minerva, in the extreme southeast corner of Stark
County, northward to Alliance, in the northeastern portion, near the
extreme northwest corner of Columbiana County east of near Deerfield,
in the extreme southeast portion of Portage County, thence to North
Jackson, Mahoning County, Lordstown, Niles and Tyrrell -Hill, in Trum-
bull County. This line marks very nearly the extreme border of occur-
rence of the species, but does not mark the outline of its area of greatest
abundance.
Nothing has been learned the present year that will extend our knowl-
edge of the habits of the species. It is both interesting and surprising ~
that it should not occur north of the area indicated, even in limited num-
bers. Of course, there might be an occasional stray in this area, but
certainly there were not enough to warrant any portion of it being in-
cluded in the territory covered by the brood.—F. M. WEBSTER.
CRIOCERIS ASPARAGI: THE FOUNDING OF A COLONY.
This species is working its way slowly across Northern Ohio from east
to west, and [ have been much interested in the details of its progress. —
Several years ago some asparagus was planted near the insectary at the
Agricultural Experiment Station at Wooster, with a view of determining _
the first appearance of the insect in this section of the State. _
The first individual made its appearance on the decoy plants July 25,
1899. This individual was watched carefully, but no others were ob-
served during the remainder of the year and there were no offspring.
From early spring of 1900 the asparagus plants were watched closely,
but it was July 20th when a single adult appeared. The next day there
were two, and on the 23d two of each of the sexes. Pairing began at
once, and soon there were eggs. By September ist the plants had
become badly infested, both adults, eggs and larve being all very
numerous,
I take it that this is the usual method of diffusion over and occupation
of new territory by this species, and it would be interesting if the obser-
vations of others could be placed on record, not alone as regarding this
species, but others as well.—-F. M. WessTER.
Se ee eee
I Ns i ll
EE eae a,
en
1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 641
Notes and News.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.
INDIANA ODONATA.—I saw in Ent. News for September, your com-
ments on Mr. E. B. Williamson’s catalogue—Dragonflies of Indiana.
During and since the printing of the catalogue I have found a number of
species which have not been recorded heretofore as occuring in Indiana.
I have appended these species as well as those records which have been
omitted from the compilation.
Lestes eurinus 2 Say. Elkhart city limits. June ro, 1900. Very rare.
Enallagma civile Say. Elkhart city limits. May 15, 1897. Rare.
Gomphus fraternus Say. Simonton lake woods. Elkhart, May 17, 1900,
Not common.
Gomphus spicatus Hag. Simonton lake woods and margin of lake.
Elkhart, May 17, 1900. Fairly common.
zschna multicolor Say.2 2 Q. In grove of city limits. Elkhart, Sept.
5, 1899. Very rare.
Aeschna juncea var. verticalis 9 Hag. Grove in city limits. Elkhart,
September 15, 1897. Rare.
Zé schna pentacantha Ranb.@ 3. Woods in city limits. Elkhart, June
1oand 12, 1900. Rare.
Have also found here Didymops transversa, although reported from
south of here. Elkhart city limits and Simonton lake woods, May and
June, r900. Very plenty.
Epicordulia princeps Hag. Along the banks of St. Joe river, Elkhart
city, July 7, 1900. Not common.
Libellula exusta Say. Very common in Simonton lake woods. Elk- ,
hart, Indiana, May 5, 1900.
I thought these notes might be of interest on account of geographical
distribution of species. Yesterday I rode out to Simonton lake and saw a
L. exusta. \s this not rather late?—R. J. WEITH.
Elkhart, Indiana, Sept. 5, 1900.
[As regards the Ae. multicolor cited above, I may say that I am re-
sponsible for the determination, and that the females I saw resembled
those of that species more than any other, although I am not aware that
mutticolor has previously been found east of the Dakotas. It will, of
course, be necessary to find the male in Indiana in order to be sure that
the species occurs in that State —P. P. CALVERT. ]
FLIES CLOGGED THE ENGINES.—When the pesky, blood-thirsty, green-
headed flies become so thick as to stop naphtha launches there’s time to
seriously reflect. Commodore Lewis A, Scott and Dr. Emlen Physick
agree with this statement to a man. The doctor was taken across to
Holly Beach in the commodore’s launch the other day, and they had a
close call with their lives.
\
642 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [December,
The launch was bowling along merrily through the sounds, and the
occupants were murdering green heads with fiendish energy. At every
point where the green blades of seaweed grew down to the edge of the
water hundreds of flies would be taken on board. The white foam in the
wake of the boat grew perceptibly less as the craft took in these new pas-
sengers, until at last the boat actually stopped. The terribly-bitten occu-
pants were amazed and mystified. An investigation resulted in the find-
of about two gallons of ‘‘ green headers’? tightly packed into one of the
air chambers which feed the flame with oxygen. The-flies had been
drawn in by the suction until they were as solidly packed as powder and
shot in a gun barrel. It required an hour of patient work to remove the
mass of dead flies from the hot cylinder and get the boat in working
order again. During this hour the commodore and his companion were
almost devoured. After the cylinder had been relieved of its foreign
substance Commodore Scott tied a silk handkerchief over the air passage,
turned on all power, and left the flies guessing at the sudden burst of
speed of the boat.— Newspaper.
Doings of Societies.
At the October meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social,
held at the residence of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, 1523 South Thir-
teenth street, twelve persons were present.
Mr. C. Schaeffer, of New York, recorded the capture of
Phyllobrotica decurrata at Arlington, N. J., a species not before
recorded from New Jersey.
Mr. C. F. Seiss remarked on specimens of Gryllotalpa borealis,
taken in the Phila. Neck, some which had just emerged from
the egg and were quite active, springing about when disturbed.
He believed that the species devours its young, as many
young ones which were confined in a box with a large female
specimen had disappeared. Other habits of the species were
dwelt on.
Mr. Daecke spoke on collecting at Castle Rock, Pa., and
Manumuskin, N. J. At the latter place Pamphila attalus was
taken. It is alllied to ?. /eonardus, which seems to live in damp
places, whereas /. at/alus seeks the dryer localities. Also nu-
merous specimens of J/elipodes jucunda were captured at the
same place. The species alights on the sand, which it closely
resembles in color, and is therefore difficult to see when at rest.
Mr. F. Haimbach reported the capture of several specimens
of Citheronia regalis and Facles imperialis at Holly Beach, N. -
J., and one Lcales imperialis var. didyma,
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1900 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 643
Mr. H. Wenzel remarked that he had observed a specimen
of Papilio ajax during the past summer near Wildwood, N. J.
Mr. Haimbach exhibited some of his captures at Holly
Beach. —
Mr. Schaffer spoke of the good results obtained with the
sweeping net at dusk.
Mr. H. Wenzel recorded the capture of Weladius tenuis Casey
near Philadelphia.
Mr. E. Daecke, 1709 Chestnut street, was nominated for
membership.
WiiuiAM J. Fox, Secretary.
The tenth regular meeting of the Harris Club was held at
35 Court street, Boston, on Friday evening, October 19, 1900.
Vice President Newcomb occupied the chair.
Mr. W. L. W. Field gave a second talk on ‘‘ The Quantita-
tive Study of Variation.’’ Mr. Newcomb showed a number of
interesting variant Lepidoptera, among them a very dark suf-
fused example of Argynnis myrina, and a specimen of Papilio
philenor, with two red spots at the anal angle of each hind
wing. Mr. W. D. Denton brought forward a phzlenor with
five red spots on each hind. wing (two at the anal angle and
three near the forward margin) showing a tendency to form a
row of red spots just within the line of gray lunules. Further
exhibits by Mr. Denton comprised specimens of Acézas leto,
whose very long tails serve well to illustrate Darwin’s law of
high variability in extraordinarily developed parts, a remarka-
ble Pyramets, possibly a sport from huntera. and an example of
Vanessa antiopa hygeia with asymmetrical markings. Mr. P. G.
Bolster displayed some variable wasps. Professor A. P. Morse
showed a specimen of Colas philodice 2 albinic, in which the
usual discal dots of the primaries were replaced by large triain-
gular patches of brown.
Mr. Newcomb gave a most interesting account of his recent
trip to Montreal, and of the entomological collections which he
saw in that city.
The subject of mimicry was agreed upon for discussion at
the November meeting.
W. L. W. Frewp, Secretary.
644 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ December,
Vice-President Newcomb presided at the eleventh regular
meeting of the Harris Club, held at 35 Court Street, Boston,
on Friday evening, November 16, 1900. Prof. A. P. Morse
was unanimously elected to active membership. |
Mr. Newcomb opened the discussion of ‘‘ Mimicry ’’ by dis-
playing a cocoon of Cerura cinerea which harmonized in a won-
derful way with the bark on which it was placed. Mr. Bolster
showed an interesting series of Diptera which mimic Hymenop-
tera. Exhibits by Mr. W. D. Denton comprised a moth from
Java—Phyllodes verhuelli, whose fore wings closely resemble
leaves; Charagia daphnandre, a rare Australian moth with
with fore wings of a deep green color ; a beetle from Borneo—
Mormolyce phyllodes,; a specimen of the ‘‘ walking leaf”’
Phyllium scythe, of Ceylon, and other interesting insects.
The subject of ‘‘ Hybridity’’ was chosen for discussion at -
the December meeting.
Mr. Newcomb showed a curious Tineid larva—JZetzneria
lappella, which inhabits the burrs of the common burdock.
The species, a European one, has been introduced into Canada,
probably in the fodder accompanying imported cattle. The
same speaker then entertained the club with some amusing
samples of newspaper entomology.
The Messrs. Denton reported seeing in Wellesley, Mass., in
October, a butterfly which they believed to be Zerias nicippe,
but which successfuly eluded its pursuers.
W. L. W. Frevp, Secretary.
At the meeting of the Newark Society, held on November
11th, the following officers were elected : President, Mr. Buch-
holz; Vice-President, Mr. Stortz; Secretary, Mr. Kemp;
Treasurer, Mr. Seib; Librarian, Mr. Angelman.
A set of resolutions on the death of Mr. G. D. Hulst, an
honorary member, was adopted.
Prof. Smith and Mr. Bischoff gave some interesting remarks
on entomology during the meeting, after which adjournment
was in order.
Wm. H, BroApwew., Secretary.
QL Entomological news
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