toate? Brits i ie Seek at Come 7 i: 253 we iz = eeteseases) * : : : Sean eee eles steers bon bimbrastent - ’ oes = = Sora P pet vi {= tat shed ion Roe $+ +t os Sos 3 iret Fee eset tty ick wk seat piete tet oT ei aaeSebertes phe lye tty: fe prareaces ig Faas oie st FBS ere “yt yeh ere srg wheels meess dente Sa % a waey : Lan sar. sae a. ; “oe t hy JANUARY, 1905. - ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Vol. XVI. | FEIN Gud 7 Cryptohalictoides spiniferus Viereck. EDITOR : HENRY SKINNER, M. D. PHILIP P.°CALVERT, Ph.D., Associate Editor. ADVISORY COMMITTEE: EZRA T. CRESSON. HENRY L. VIERECK. J. A. G. REHN. PHILIP LAURENT. WILLIAM J. FOX. CHARLES W. JOHNSON. PHILADELPHIA: ENTOMOLOGICAL ROOMS OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, LOGAN SQUARE. ‘ Entered at the Philadelphia Post-Office as Second-Class Matter. ‘ WO ocrerer ws ivpeinr ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS Published monthly, excepting July and August, in charge of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and the American Entomological Society. ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION, $1.00 IN ADVANCE. Outside of the United States and Canada, $1.20. Advertising Rates: 30 cents per square inch, single insertion ; a liberal discount on longer insertions. No advertisement taken for less than 60 cents—Cash in advance. je All remittances should be addressed to ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, Academy of Natural Sciences, 19th and Race Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. EXOTIC LEPIDOPTERA. ERNEST SWINHOE, Cat. No. 13 for 1904 free. 37 Addison Gardens, London W , England - The only dealers’ list giving authors’ name throughout. As the various species are arranged under their generic names, this list affords an excellent reference for museums and collectors. Explanatory catalogue with over 300 descriptions and many interesting notes, 12 cents. Fine series, illustrating ‘‘ Mimicry’’ and ‘‘Seasonal Dimorphism,” too named specimens, Ist qual., ex. Assam., 40 different species in papers, includ- ing P. bootes, gyas, etc,, mailed free on receipt of Post Office Order, $4.00 LEPIDOPTERA FOR SALE. octcter sad November tn lots of 25 specimens, including 2 each of Scopelosoma mof- fatiana, tristigmata, walkert, morrisont, Xylina grote, etc., $2.00, prepaid by mail. HENRY ENGEL, Box 35, Oak Station P. 0., Allegheny Co., Pa. SUPPLEMENT ENTOMOLOGISTS’ DIRECTORY OF MARCH, 1900. has now been published. It contains Changes in Ad- dresses, Special Study, etc., New Names, with addresses, etc., and other information. A copy will be sent gratzs - to those who have subscribed to the Directory, copies of which can still be had at 50 cents each. Address E T. CRESSON, Treasurer, American Entomological Society, P. O. Box 248, Philadelphia, Pa. When Writing Please Mentiom ‘ Entomological News.” of Philadelphia. = VOLUME XVI, 1905. EDITOR : HENRY SKINNER, M.D. : PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Associate Editor. - : ADVISORY COMMITTEE: ZRA T. CRESSON HENRY L. VIERECK J. A. G. REHN | ba: PHILIP LAURENT WILLIAM J. FOx CHARLES W. JOHNSON ~ PHILADELPHIA: ENTOMOLOGICAL ROOMS OF THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, LOGAN SQUARE. 1905. P. C. STOCKHAUSEN PRINTER ; 58-55 N. 7TH St., PHILADELPHIA INDEX TO VOLUME XVI. (Notes and articles on geographical distribution are indexed under the names of the States or countries concerned, and mo¢ under the species listed therein, except in the case of new or re-described species. GENERAL SUBJECTS. Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila., Entom. Section 23, 55, 56, 205, 311. Amazon, Collecting onthe. . 30 American Entomological So- ciety, 27, 28, 56, 62, 206, 341. - Association of Official Entomo- logists of the Cotton Belt . . Association of Economic Ento- mologists, 56, 157, 333- Associations of differentspecies 12 Biologia Centrali-Americana . 317 Brooklyn Entomological So- ciety, 28, 90, 206, 342. Cambridge Entomological Club 334 Cedar Point Lake Laboratory, 245 Entomologyat....... 201 Central America, Williamson etal. collecting in. .... 299 Changes in entomological effort 208 Chicago Academy of Sciences, Entom. Section, 31, 63, 124, 128. Colorado, Skinner and Lau- rent collecting in ..... 99 Cotton-boll weevil. . .... 246 Destructiveness of Australian ce ay wee 183 Directory of entomologists, ON EAs tse sf 183 Disease and fleas. ..... 143 ** from caterpillar hairs 203 Doings of Societies, 23, 55, 121, 203, 245, 311, 340. BMP DOOTIS ok. ee 96 Editorials, 21, 54, 87, 120, 155, 199, 239, 273, 332. New generic and specific names are marked with a *.) Entomological Club, A. A. A. LS ASR OR irene eae Debate 58 Entomological Literature, 22, 89, 200, 203, 241, 264, 274, 316, 317, 334, 336. European ignorance of Ameri- can entomology. ..... Feldman Collecting Social, 24, 56, 61, 95, 123, 159, 245, 247, 311, 340. Glossaries, Bibliography of En- tom., 105, 221. Glossaries of terms,61, 202, 221, 343 Gundlach’s collection. . .. 60 199 Hawaii, Entomologists of . . 121 Hawaiian Entom. Society. . 122 Inadequate descriptions, 155, 276. Inheritance of colors. . . . . 200 Invertebrata Pacifica. . . .. 267 Jamesburg, Joint field meeting A Pere Cay eeegre a 199 JORG «ce «scx eh ee 84 Kellogg’s American Insects. 274 Lag, Just On@ 6. 0. eae 67 Mechanical form of insect-cata- MMUes, OLE e nh. - hea so oe 335 Medical entomology. ... . 309 Mexico, Tower collecting in. 31 Mimicry, 23, 327. Mount Royal Entom. Club. . 94 Mosquito Extermination So- ciety, 278, 306. Demeee Wrisert ook. cece bk National Association of Ento- MISC dk, ee cay 58 Newark Entomolog. Society, 25, 93, 203, 204. Ty i INDEX. i North Carolina Dep’t. of Agric., Plants attacked by Insects. is Diy. of Entom:” +). 28 Gs 308 Achille@.. iv eee 231 x Obituary: Acoms’ 2). i) +e 24 Brees, Fc Oe kas 160 Ake... 4 eee 65 Brenske, BH... . 3%. 160 Arabis..... xia 132 von Hopffgarten, G. M. 160 Artemisia... 32 tie 231 Ae > Sa eee ea 160 Baneberry <..5 sxpaete te 66 F Packard, A.S... . . 88,97 Bayberry | ..'7- 3. 53seye) 55 A de Saussure, H. L. F.. 160 Birch 2... eae ee 55 ‘ Tallant, "W..N:.. .... :.* 96 Blueberry = cs. See 55 Wren. A. A... 160 BUPSEG ETRE em 67 Pacific Coast Entom. Society. 95 Cardamine 23 io oes 132 Parasitic insects (see Hymen- Catalpa eee 280 optera, Parasitic). Centaurea 2 Ts 231 Personals : Corastiuwe & oh ORS 231 4 Wlarien:. 45 Mois. a6 4 go 8 310 Crassus ee Vest oe eee 153 Barbers t).G.~. = 2, 4.) .275 Chusguea: 5... tee 161 i Barrett, O. W.. . . 121, 263 Cesta Soe 231 ¥ Bentley, G. M.. . . . 308 Cotton bolls . 18, 246 , Bergroth, E. . ... 2). 310 Curtauts <3 eee 62 $4 Deyer Go. 2 275 Date. > Se eee 18 y Castile, D.. Mis 2 238 275 Dendrium 5 2. See 13 4 Cockerell, T...D.:-A.qer +333 LIOSIVIOS 8! pe Poe 254 Daecke, Be 201 Eriophyllum ...... 20 Grinnell, F., Jr... . . 274 Ground Cherry ..... 69 Hardenberg, C. B.. . 280 Gumbo-limbo. ..... 67 Hebards Ms. . 196 Unisexual classifications. . . . 273 Utah, Engelhardt and Doll col- MEE 85 PS SS gI Utah, Skinner, Laurent and Snyder collecting in. . ... 99 Variation in frequency of spe- Re ess Pee NT, 207 ARACHNIDA. California, A.of ....... 233 Cteniza californica. ..... 233 TS ee ee are ae 251 a cavicolus* 252 Rumania, Ais OFS... 8... 5s 5 251 Phalangids, Classification of . . 253 Trap door spider, Enemy of . . 233 COLEOPTERA. Acanthocinus linearis* . . . . 290 Adirondack Mts., C. of . . . .50 Ambrosia beetles . . 124, 248 Anthonomus, Egg-parasites of . 288 PEOWOGES FO. 95, 129 * blatsdellt*® oo ere 129 s RAUB LA 130 mrazona,' C. of... F%. 289, 311 DIAG S 2? ATE 24, 245 California, C. of .. - . 71, 95, 130 See Oe Pe 35 Seraets aller se . E : 25 meremduycids 2.8 ee 35 - Ctcindela . . . . 128, 202, 344 Clerus bimaculatus* . . . . . 291 epmmecticut, C: of... 250. 53 Conotrachelus, Egg-parasite of 220 Cymatodera tricolor * Dietawere, GA oe ke 210 District of Columbia, C. of . . . 90 PEMA 6M Kh Ook ats 72, 73 - Cle ROMS Fiwei eK 5 OS 71 Eggs of C., Number of... . . 62 Biorda.C. 08. i esi. 68, 69, 70 Galeruca pomone ...... 230 ~ CanGCER ee ak 230 Glyptoscelimorpha. ... . ey WhO Wail 26 yGits bs: ey 28 o*. 123 Hypomolyx pineti ...... 340 Illinois, C. of. . ... 53. 125, 230 tadiana CC) Of oF ese naast 125, 230 RowastGrOte: hh boss eis 126 Mansasc8s GF Seiki sai 131 Light, C. attracted by... . . 2I0 Lina, Inheritance in... ... 200 Lycus fernandezi ....... 23 Lypsimena tigrina*...... 291 Massachusetts, C. of. . .... 53 McCracken on Inheritance of colors Neda abdominailis, Parasite of 123 New Jersey, C. of . 25, 26, 93, 159, 204, 245, 248, 311, 342. New York, CG: of (05) se3 50, 344 eh. Gea... ae. S 230 Oncideres quercus* ...... 291 Orientation of Cicindela.. . . 202 Paria viridicyanea ...... 26 Pennsylvania, C. of .. .. . e 2524 Stusiolis bayer". tS. 289 PREV EEST A es Fe. 5, (A. CAS BG 73 Feiones lahcolis: 5 ER 62 Pens HP RORA SS 26, 80, 93 Scarabeide wanted...... 280 SMASORUS Der S288 ay br Bt Silvanus surinamensis. .. . . 62 Spheridium scarab@oides. . . 53 Dexas; Clole ssies 2: 290, 291 Tiger beetles, Variation in 128 tah GC. Ghnaraes os ee 2? 92, 93 Water beetles emerging from water abe Ss PL 344 Reenter Cite ey RA), 95 iv INDEX. DIPTERA. Aldrich’s catalogue of North Vat ts Cs es Dania en |S oe 241 American dipterology .... . 63 Avizone DT. Ot ek 4 TR 139 Australie Dias AAA 116 Chlorops pulvera ..... . .62 Chrysops amazon*.. . . 250 rs bistellatns ™® 36.0). 249 ‘* eye maculation of . . 341 Connecticut, D. of. . ... 24, 80 BEELIOV EME 1. 225 Se 79 ‘© labeculosus* .. | . 116 Culicidz . . . 24, 79, 116, 281, 312 District of Columbia, D. of . . 333 PUMA G re Teh og ey 140, 141 Fleas and disease... . . : TAs fe a le a 69, 70, 312 George. D. of Jo... . sero) att Oe A a I4T, 142 DSRNA WHCCAIA SS. TRE 62 Louisiana, D. of . . . 110, T11, 333 Megarhinus portoricensis. . . 281 Melanoconton <2. 9 IPS 283 Mexican D. in.U.-S. 5.6. 4s 333 EE irks A DS 139 PG. ay Sema 138 Mississippi, Mosquitoes of .. . 281 Mixogaster breviventris .. . . 83 Mosquito extermination . 278, 306 New Jersey, D. of 62, 159, 201, 249, 310, 341, 342. New York; Dio... ii*A4 83 ES 2 Pa OR 108 ‘* four new spp.* . . 110, III Pennsylvania, D. of . . 62, 311, 341 Me en 142 Wyoming,-D. of <> 26 562-26s 139 HEMIPTERA. Aleyrodesactete * 5. 5.2.8)\-.5m 65 PRGA i nm EAD PeONas Pe BE tices okie 75 Aspidiotus rivere*...... 161 AustraliasH of...) 263 Ceroplastes sanguineus*.. . . 162 . Schrottkyi* . . . . 162 Ceylon; He 08)... 3 Sees 262 C8608G BHO88G. 3 5) Pc eR 76 ‘ ,- townsend © iin js cae Connecticut,.Hy of. 6:3 -4:Son 65 Lcérya purchase. 3.56 etic, Fh 18 Idolothrips tibialis*. . .... 20 Lac insects: |.) 22) ae 52 Leptoglossus zonatus...... 18 Margarodes-.2) 6. in. copia 96 Mexico: Hisofe recite one MMrcvomécla,.. s . 4 wee 260 “ Nis SOP * 2.) ) FN 260 New Jersey, H.of . . . . 159, 247 New Mexico, H. of .. . . . 52, 75 North Carolina, H. of ..... 7 Pergande on Phylloxerinz 336 Philippines, H. of. . . . . 20, 262 Pulvinasia 630. Se 52 a innumerabilis . 159, 247 South American Coccide. . . 161 Tachardia glomerella* ... .52 Water bugs, Swimming of . 53, 88 Woolly vs. Wooly Aphis .. . . 22 HYMENOPTERA. Anagrus hydrophilus*®* . . . . 213 Anaphes conotracheli* . 220 Anomalous: H...’. 3) 4h 14 Anthophora corvicolor* . . . . 81 ES curta peritome™* . 272 Ants and caterpillar associated . 12 Apanteles pergandei * . eae Arizona, H. of =. 4353. ie 10 Bombomelecta johnsoni* . . . Bombus rufosuffusus* Rey 3 California, H. of . . 81, 82, 83, 233 Ceratina dupla. . -s ihnicaae 43 Colorado, H. of...) 2c: 270 Coloration in Polistes, Ente- man.On . .... .) niielea iia 89 Cryptohalictoides spiniferus . . 21 Development of parasitic H. Emphoropsis murthirta*, . . . 81 INDEX. v SEY SS ee 10 Gonatoceros anthonomi* . . . 288 Groteaanguina........ 44 Habrocryptus grenicheri . . . 46 Halictus armaticeps var. Y¥*.. .9 Hibernating H......... 95 Illinois, H. of. . . 126, 145, 168, 293 Marchal on parasitic H. .. . . 243 Megachile agustini*...... 82 Oe aett 9 Nest of Vespa germanica. . . 207 New Jersey, H. of .. . . . 25, 133 New York; H: of ......: . 18, 207 New Mexico, H. of. . . 9, 83, 272 CAPREAUS SEC 2 2 fe Bie >. Io Paracentrobia flavipes* . . . . 287 Parapompilus planatus . . . . 233 Parasitic H. . 43, 133, 145, 168, 213, 220, 243, 287, 293. Peckhams on Solitary wasps . . 200 Perdita ia Naan ane eee 331 rt emesis * oe .. 331 a ae ee ne 89 Polynema bergi*. ...... 214 Prenolepis parvula....... 12 EN OIETOSP RE a ee Sy 165 2 anal ri ce a 14 ys ashmeadu**.-. .. . 17 Reprontide . 9.05560. . 17 Russian Turkestan, H. of. . . 213 Sphex, Type of genus... . . 163 Swarming hive bees ..... 344 Synhalonia astragalina* . . . 271 IN a Bc) ea eee a baled 331 emma C8 $4 eet, 60 OE fs ira eo eee 25, 95 LEPIDOPTERA. Anisota rubicunda....... gI Og ” SS Ee aie ah 28 Pt wenaia 5°... 131 Vo Ey” eae 128 aS ae ee 342 Wena kL -of.-... . : 209, 232 Bembecia marginata. .... 117 California, L. of, 20, 29, 33, 86, 96, 116, 134, 153- 235, 257, 283, 336. Callimorpha ..... 154, pl. vii Callithea optima... ..... 33 Gallostae £06... 6 33).50> aan 33 Calosaturnia mendocino.. . . 153 Catagrammaatacama..... 33 nh cynosura ae Tec Caterpillar and ants associated . 12 is hairs causing disease 203 Catocala double-brooded . . . 344 7 Evolutionin . .... 30 Catopsilia statira. ...... 334 BACT OPTA es ok ees See 144 Ceratomia catalpe ...... 280 Cingilia catenaria. ...... 55 Cocoons of Telea polyphemus 275, 310, 333- Corrado; L968 oi dese tS 278 Crinodes biedermani*. ... . 209 Cyresiis el@paas xs a. %,:43 Cystineura amymone...... 12 DESMA 2 th RAE, T2I, 159, 238 Dimorphism in Papilio, Cause Me ath aly we ee III District of Columbia, L. of . . . 90 Dyamine dionis........ II Eggs of L., Number of . . . . 167 Biachistidiee (obs <0 ees 326 Eronia phoc@a....... ae Rrycinide oie ee As 200 Eubagis Gomis... 32625 II Euremaalbula..... agcals 335 Pall web wornt sas) eiareeee 238 Fiorida, Lz 08)? >. 1: ieee 70 Geléchidz . isis. ls ee 326 Generic fantasies. ...... 317 Habrosyne rectangula..... 94 Harrisimemna trisignata . 254,310 Hemerocampa leucostigma . . 167 Hesperid genera. ...... 317 Hepialus sequoiolus . . 19, 153, 283 Heteropia melon arizonensis® . 232 Hibernation of L..... . 90, 245 Holland’s Moth Book. . vi INDEX. Hyphantria, English names of 238 Illice faustinula ....... 257 Stineis} 4b. of 0 -iVe I, 31, 126 Indiana, L. of . . 31, 126, 280 Lemonias virgulti. ...... 86 Lycaena emigdionis*..... 115 Mabille on Hesperide.. . . . 199 Mamestraanguina....... 94 MargianG; tor gI Megathymus polingi* . . . . 232 Melicleptria fimbria®*. .. . . 237 Memythrus spp. : . 94 Mengel’s Catalogue of Erycini _, SE See rr 200 Mestra amymone....... 12 Microlepidoptera. . . . 1, 323, 340 MigrationsofL. ... . ee Sh EEE Races: ss A ee 245 mae, i. OF... 235 New Hampshire, L. of . . . . 323 New Jersey, L. of . . 26,83, 90, 91, 94, 131,-159, 201, 207, 248, 311, 340. Rew York, L.of ... 2S. g0, 207 UINOMMENTA® ss. SS foo GRAS Merth Carolina, L. of. 2s! : 254 Oecophoride........ 2326 Pitsthea furcilla.. 6 2 ve 94 PUNO... we gt, ITI, 312, 328 Pennsylvania, L. of . 248, 311, 340 Preparing wings to show vena- 2 ES ates Ae aR, Ye Se 28 Prionapteryx nebulifera. . . .12 Pseudotamila carminatra.. . . 88 Peerophoride... . 5.4 324 yraideey.: =. 3s. oe 2 Rhodophora florida. ..... 329 tia glevert 8 OSS 156 walyras CARPE OS. 33 Sciapteron simulans... ... 27 Sphinx luscitiosa ....... 83 Oe. CUES. SS BARA 153 Swarming of L.. ..... 90, 334 Temperature changing colors OEMS epi bor hehe eee eee - , 340 VEVias METHANE 3 OES 31 Vexas hh. Oreo ee SAS II Thanaos pernigra* ...... 34 Pineidse eae 326 Fortricidse 2) a ee ee 2, 324 Triprocris constans...... 23 RR ee i oe ee 92 Vanessaantiopa....... 340 Varinaornat. 0 VS 144 VERUSE Shs 2 eth te 342 Vilginia Eo OF? 4 POs go Washington, L. of) ..40 0 ea 17 Week’s Illustrations of Diur- Halk. 2S "4 ee 274 West coast of U. S., Butterflies OF... cs SE So ee 336 West Virginia, L. of . °° S20 85 Witter b.i00 (5-% So Saige 95, 245 Wisconsin, L. of: :. <7. 31, 126 Wright’s Butterflies of West coast U.S. ee 336 Xylorictidze =". ee 326 Yponomeutide ....... 3326 Zerene catenavia es 55 NEUROPTERA. British Columbia, Odonata of . 184 Central America, Collecting dragonfliesin.. ...... 299 Color variation in Hesperag- i Ee ee 312 Cordulegaster obliquus . .... 3 Decoying dragonflies. . .. . 209 Illinois, Odonataof. ...... 3 Indiana, Odonataof ..... 255 Ischnuraerratica....... 188 New Jersey, N. of . . 201, 248, 311 Oviposition of Odonata. . 113, 255 Somatochlora linearis... ... 6 Sympetrum spp ..... 194, 195 Termites: .. Sieaey oe 29 ORTHOPTERA. Antilles, O. of .-. 0°. See 173 Atlanticus:. 6 201 Brachypterism'} 0°..." 29s 22 INDEX. vii TE ee 313 Destructiveness of Australian WOME ens toe ees 183 Py Se eo ae ee ae 70, 216 Were SOR Se 28 Melanoplus impudicus. . .. . 23 eT 4) aa ere 259 Montreal, Blattide of ..... 98 Morse on N. Amer. Acrididz . . 22 New Jersey, O. of . . . . 247, 312 Mew York, O. Moo a 201 CPPRGIENG 5 aS eA 341 Re ballous o .y. sass 178 % punctata . 177, 178 Paraguay, O.of. ..... 37, 215 Periplaneta australasi@ .. . . 183 Plectrotettix varipes*. . . . . 214 Radinotatum brevipennis.. . . 28 pommaphains 2 315 as mirabtlis* . . . 315 Taxtarchus septentrionalis*. . 314 Tenodera sinensis. . 247, 292, 311, 312, 341. Tropinotus....... ew hs. de OTS eS 216 Se st POM ULANES Fs Les ES REN EES a ee oe ee 92 ERSIOOME oo oc ety. es 39 te trachystictum* .. . 39° THYSANURA. Entomabrya albicollis®* . .. 77 Massachusetts, T.of. .... 78 AUTHORS. SGMNVON, ae a, ee £08 Ashmead, W. H.... sos". 20, 213 Baber Cr Pe ee soe, 143, 264 WEES: AN « 2a ics sistas odes 251, 333 RSS a ete eae 55 Re a a 96 Eg i a a ee 14, 61 Peto rs 2. i. 88 Betton; WS2652 3... hears OR, S90 AS Se OR ea 85 Brues; CTs «soo Uae II, 89 Pruner. Looe as. eae 214,259,313 Buchholz,O.. . . . . . 27, 94, 204 Calvert, P. P., 318 and Index. Saudell, A. -N,/4:..6 Oe ee Chagnon. Ge tie 8 55. Ge 35 Cockerell, T. D. A., 9, 18, 52, 81, 88, 161, 270, 308, 331. Coverdale, G., 154 and PI. vii. SMEMGEE. x. 12, 249 LC ae Sa ie ae re 233 MAY, Gee az.) te. ene. 310 LE y ik Oe Os ee 71, 129 ee Bac eee Ae, Rh, 79 Perit To it wo 163, 196 oe Gs Saree 25, 62, 95 cy aT Re Cee tt ae ae eee a7 Girault,A. A.,105, 167, 220, 221, 287. Graenicher JS: co. Sas oe 43 Grinnell, F., Jr., 33, 115, 134, 235, 340. Crompoeck. 3}. As. a 23k Haimbach, F., 121, 124, 245, 248 311, 341. Peeroeek, TH. Sie aes 310 Hardenberg, C. BL... . . 276 Frerrcm, Go Wo so. Bee, 281 Prone, We fh. 2.23 Ss 278, 280 soeznton, Cie. 3 50, 210 moward, L. Ove). see. 156 geheber, Bo. ye ks as III gonnson, SiR te See 156 Reariott,. Wi De 2. Se ae 238 Rirkaldy, Go Wie 3 es 260 | STEEN Pann an MO nan ey hae 53, 230 pucngkey, Fes. aia ak eae 123 Rwiat, A. :.. 54. ss . 92,6n tas pewrent, Py sorcdic. ee 89, 99 Eawrence, We Fe Gor. (2 117 1G: Lo Bed ae Oe IE Maree 202 Laman; Hy He tee elses 238 Melazider,: AcE; ae 2 ie 243 Moodie, Ris. 5.“ eee 138 Moote, Ri Mince. oo ae 203 Morrill, AsoWisno 5207 Bre atae 247 Vili Nason, W. A. . . Needham, 1:G. ... . i abu 3 GCebare Ros. SS 184 Paxson. Gs pris :. : ie oe doe 327 Piste Gs ioeeas iat Pee 80 Rehn, J. A. G. . . 23, 37, 173, 206 Riley: PWoAy ais ot: 244 Rig iccees eas ett ise, um 113 Sherman, F.) Jr.) 2 7, 254 Skinner, H., 21, 24, 27, 28, 54, 55, 57, 63, 84, 87, 97, 120, 183, 199, 206, 209, 232, 239, 272, 274, 289, 312, 316, 336, 338, 342. NS PRN Bs a a oa abe 67 . I, 145, 168, 293 » INDEX. ° SonlesG G55 oss has Mae 275, 333 Sheventan, Ge. SS 94, 98 Summers, 14. Seon 157, 333 Torre Bueno, J. R. dela . . 53, 83 Uhilér.. PR. a a 74 Van Duzee, E. P.. . 263 Miereck: ds Bae 155 Weeks, A.C. . . . 31, 93, 208, 344 Weeksi-Ti. G50 006 ek: 279 Westcett,:0: 5... 555.2097 209 Wit, Waic ohieee 144 Wormsbacher : 26.5: io Yee 83 Williams, F. X., 19, 153, 235, 257, 283. i Williamson, E. B.. . . . 255, 299 Ent. News, Vol. XVI. Piss EXOTIC BUTTERFLIES. | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. VoL. XVI. JANUARY, 1905. No. 1. CONTENTS: Prroetisnieee. ..s3 54655 so-so cep cancemat 1 | Bradley—Ropronia, an Anomalous Hy- Nason—Micro-lepidoptera from Algon- RMICITAME Coos oc scala soc ceecshe 14 Quin, Win@igiss: fs .6 282.22 622. se. 1 | Williams—The larva of Hepialus sequo- Needham—Two Elusive Dragonflies... 3 iolus Behrens.................. tp lO Sherman—The Flat-bugs (Aradide) of Ashmead—A new Thrips from the Phil- Nortlt Carouiness ccc cickse Venwescs 7 Mmame Islands oo oc. cca occas 20 Cockerell—Some Amer. Hymenoptera 9 | Editorial ...........................00-. 21 Brues—The Occurrence of a Tropical Entomological Literature .............. 22 Butterfly in the United States...... i je Doings of Societies ...........2...228... 23 Daecke—Notes on Prionapteryx nebuli- PEED RODE Se wns og cua eesaesuets 12 Our frontispiece this month was made direct from specimens in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila- delphia, by the Photo-chromotype Company of Philadelphia. This is one of the largest companies in America doing this line of work. The specimens represented are as follows: Eronia phocea Felder, from the Philippines. Cyrestis elegans Bois- duval, from Madagascar. Catagramma cynosura Doubl.-Hew., from Brazil. Micro-Lepidoptera of Algonquin, Illinois. By WiLiiAm A. Nason, M.D. The following list includes species of Lepidoptera of the families of Pyralidz, Tortricidz and other ‘*micros’’ ar- ranged in the order given in Dyar’s ‘‘ List of North American Lepidoptera.’’ The list is interesting from the fact that it adds to our knowledge of the geographical distribution of species ; and also from the fact that the place of capture is ' peculiar in its faunal relations. The town of Algonquin is situated fifty miles northwest of the city of Chicago, and less than thirty miles, in a direct line, I 2 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan., ’05 west of the shores of Lake Michigan. It is located on the Fox River, which flows south, through the Illinois River, into the Mississippi. Hence the fauna partakes in charac- ter more of that of the Mississippi Basin than that of the Great Lake region—a fact which is proven by comparing the list as given below with the localities as given by Dyar in the work quoted above. Mr. W. D. Kearfott kindly determined the species. PYRALIDE. Glaphria glaphryalis Guenée. Desmia funeralis Hubner. Evergestis straminalis Wiibner. Crocidophora serratissimalis Zeller Nomophila noctuella Denis& Schiff Phlyctznia ferrugalis Wadner. Pyrausta zglealis Walker. thestealis Walker. penitalis Groze. borealis Packard. Nymphula badiusalis Walker. obscuralis Grote. obliteralis Walker. Elophila magnificalis Hidner. fulicalis Clemens. Scoparia basalis Walker. Pyralis farinalis Linneus. Herculia cohortalis Grote. olinalis Guenée. himonialis Zeer. : Schcenobius tripunctellus Robinson. Crambus laqueatellus Clemens. alboclavellus Zeller. albellus Clemens. hortuellus Hubner. vulgivagellus Clemens. ruricolellus Zeller. interminellus Walker. caliginosellus Clemens. Argyria nivalis Drury. Plodia interpunctella Hiibner. TORTRICIDA. Exartema fasciatanum Clemens. Olethreutes nimbatana Clemens. hebesana Walker. coruscana Clemens. constellatana Ze/er. instrutana Clemens. Eucosma strenuana Walker. illotana Walsingham. otiosana Clemens. Thiodia signatana C/emens. Proteopteryx deludana Clemens. spoliana Clemens. Ancylis comptana Fr Zich. Cydia pomonella Zinneus. Epagoge sulfureana Clemens. Capua furcatana Wadker. Ceelostathma discopunctana Clem- ens. Archips rosaceana H/arris. cerasivorana Fitch. obsoletana Walker. fervidana Clemens. -clemensiana Ferna/d. Platynota sentana Clemens. Pandemis limitata Robinson. Tortrix pallorana Robinson. albicomana Clemens. fumiferana Clemens. -CECOPHORIDE. Depressaria heracliana De Geer. Semioscopsis packardella Clemens, at, ti ra 05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 3 Two Elusive Dragon-flies. By JAMES G. NEEDHAM. During three summers spent in Lake Forest I have been _much afield, and have always kept a sharp lookout for dragon- flies, which, after the first of June, are very common. Each year I have seen the shadowy form of one I could not capture. Sometimes I would flush it beside a woodland path, and it would disappear at single sweep among the treetops. Some- times it would be seen speeding along high over head, appar- ently coursing for insect prey, but I never saw it at rest, and I could not distinguish its type of coloration. From its size and manner of flight I concluded it must be either a Cordule- gaster or a Macromia, and there the matter rested for five years, with often a flash of wings and a vanishing shadow among the trees to remind me of a task of observation incom- pleted. During the past spring I have collected from a number of the puny streams that enter Lake Michigan along the ‘‘ North Shore,’’ and in all of them have found nymphs of Cordule- gaster. Grown specimens were repeatedly taken during May in a seine drawn for minnows, and on May 24th, while seining -out a small pool in a stream, a single newly transformed adult was found upon the bank. It was Cordulegaster obliquus Say. On June 26th I was surprised to see one sitting on a reed close to the ground in a wood in front of my house; I was still more surprised at being able to capture it zz my hat. A careful bit of stalking and a good stroke did it. This wasa a female that had wandered at least two miles from any stream suitable for the abode of its offspring. As this specimen was fully mature I thought that perhaps, by visiting the stream in which I had found the nymphs most abundant, I might be able to make some observations on the habits of the adult. Such observations are much needed. So good an observer of dragonflies as the late Professor Kelli- cott wrote of the Cordulegasterinz in his Odonata of Ohio, p. 74, ‘‘I have seen so few specimens on the wing that I do not feel justified in giving anything of their habits in the field,”’ and among the few notes concerning C. obliguus, there are 4 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan., 05 chance remarks indicating that others have likewise found it elusive (see Williamson: Ent. NkEws, Vol. XIII. p. 110). So on the afternoon of the following day, June 27th, I betook myself to the largest of our north-shore streamlets, called by courtesy Pettibone Creek, whose south branch flows through - a fine bit of native oak woods. In this south branch are many deep and shadowy pools overhung with spreading clumps of witch hazel, and the connecting streamlet is hardly more than a rivulet, winding among small moss-grown boulders or cut- ting under green banks of grass and sedge. The pools are the home of the Cordulegastey nymphs. They lie on the bottom covered by the silt. They do not bur- row, but descend into the silt by raking it out from beneath with their legs. ‘Then when deep enough they kick it up over their backs and hide themselves absolutely against observation, having only the sharp upper angles of the eyes, the sensitive antennee and frontal fringe, and the respiratory aperture at the tip of the abdomen exposed. ‘Thus they lie in ambush, wholly inactive, unless the wandering near of some mayfly nymph (here Leptophlebia pepedita Etn.) or gnat larva in- vites a thrust of the enormous grasping labium. They have competitors for this food, also dwelling in the pools, chiefly the red-bellied minnow, and the black-nosed dace. I hoped this afternoon to discover cast nymph skins beside the stream, to find the male which had as yet escaped me, and to observe the female ovipositing, as well as to attend to another matter to be mentioned further on. On first approach I saw a fine male sitting upon a stout reed over the stream, at once he dashed off into the woods. Soon I saw another coursing low over the narrow part of the stream, here almost blocked with overgrown clumps of cowslip and water plantain. His beat was the narrow and sinuous lane which the stream cuts through the deep and bottom land herbage. I let him pass once and then took my place beside this lane ; presently back he came, after the manner of his kind, directly ever the water. A quick sweep of the net brought up from behind just as he was pass- ing, and I had my first male specimen fluttering inside. I caught another on another beat, but the half dozen or more Jan., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 5 that I flushed from sunny openings in the bottomland gave me no chance whatever of capture. I found cast skins, also, half a dozen of them in all; but these were unusually hard to find, being heavily covered with bottom silt, which matches well the trash in which they lie. All were within a foot of the water’s edge, and all but one lay flat upon the ground. The nymph of C. od/iqguus is in general appearance very like those of half a dozen other species of the genus. It agrees with the brief description given by Dr. Hagen for a Texas specimen (from the collection of the late lamented Mr. Mc- Lachlan) which he referred to this species (Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., XI, 291%, 1885), except in size. The largest female nymph I found measures in total length 39 mm., abdomen 25 mm., hind femur 6 mm. ; width of head 8 mm., of abdomen 10 mm. ‘The whole body is densely clothed with stiff hairs, and these hold a complete investment of silt. When one cleans a nymph carefully with a soft brush (it is a prolonged and tedi- ous operation), he finds beneath the silt quite as much of color pattern as is usually shown by dragonfly nymphs. ‘The frontal fringe of stiff radiately arranged bristles comes out more clearly also, and a tuft of black bristles above each lateral ocellus. The ‘‘ epaulets’’ of the prothorax are large, obliquely oval, and are fringed on their external margins with stiff bristles. The legs are short, yellowish, with interrupted apical and subapical rings of fuscous appearing on all the femora. ‘The wing tips reach the base of the fifth abdominal segment. The abdomen is without dorsai hooks, but there are stout straight lateral spines on segments eight and nine, the one on the ninth segment slightly larger and equaling in length half the length of the segment. Dr. Hagen mentioned these spines, but he omitted to notice the other diagnostic characters, which are in the armature of the labium. ‘There are six lateral setze, and about thirteen setee on the mentum each side, the outermost eight stronger and in a close set series. The bifid middle tooth of the labium is much as in C. diastatops. I did not observe the female ovipositing, as I had hoped to do. 6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan., ’05 But I had another errand dragonfly at Pettibone Creek this afternoon. In May I had found a single nymph of a species of Somatochlora in the rapid portion of the stream between two pools. I took it home alive, and a visitor to my labora- tory (who meant well), fed it to the fishes in the aquarium. I went again to the creek, and with considerable searching, found three more. All were clinging to matted sedge roots in the edge of the current, and were obtained by stripping the mats upward with a little sieve dipper. I had never seen a live imago of Somatochlora in Illinois and I thought this after- noon I might find one, or, more probably, find some empty nymph skins to supplement my scanty supply of the nymphs. Dame fortune was kind. On the very bank that trailed in the undercutting stream the root mats from which I had taken the nymphs, there sat a fine male of Somatochlora linearis beside its recently abandoned skin ; a few feet distant sat sim- ilarly an equally fine female, and I took them both in out of the weather. Within ten feet of the two imagos I found a dozen nymph skins of the same species, clinging to the grass up which they had climbed none of them more than a foot above the surface of the water. These proved to be the same species as the nymph I have already described (in Bull. 68, N. Y. State Museum, p. 269), as Somatochlora sp. No. 2, a live specimen of which came into my possession at Ithaca eight years ago, and was lost through my own ignorance. ‘They are older, and dirtier, and do not show the color pattern I there described; but they are no doubt the same species ; no other imagos were seen. But I had enough for one afternoon. Any naturalist who has been long baffled in seeking acquaintance with some little resident of his own neighborhood will understand my feeling of satisfaction at having made some progress knowing these two shy favorites of mine. How delightful had been this afternoon. It had yielded me new life history material ; it had furnished the keys to long standing puzzles, and it had provided me choice specimens to be shared with my friends who love them, and who have generously shared their own treasures with me. Are not these the abiding pleasures of a naturalist ? Jan., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 7 The Flat-bugs (Aradidae) of North Carolina. By FRANKLIN SHERMAN, JR. (Entomologist Dept. Agr., Raleigh, N. C.) Although the following list is no doubt incomplete it is thought well to publish it at this time, as it represents consider- able work that has been done in collecting the Aradidz of this State. Two species are included on the authority of Bergroth ; all the others have been collected in the last two or three years, the identifications having been made by Mr. Otto Heidemann, of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Mr. W. F. Fiske, of the Bureau of Entomology, has col- lected this family to a considerable extent in the vicinity of of Tryon, N. C., and Heidemann has recently described several new species from his material (in Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash- ington). The author has collected considerably at Raleigh and on Cape Hatteras, and these three localities represent, respectively, the mountain, middle, and sandy coast regions of the State, and should make a good exhibit of the diversity of forms found. I regret that I am not able to present this list entirely in the order of their natural sequence. The signs (W), (C), and (E), immediately after the name of the locality denote whether - it is in the west, central, or eastern portions of the State. 1. Aradus robustus Uhl. Cape Hatteras (E), January, 1903, F. Sherman. 2. Aradus similis Say. Goldsboro (E), May 2, 1901, Sherman. Tryon (W), April 9, December 14, 1903, under bark of gir- dled elm, W. F. Fiske. 3. Aradus quadrilineatus Say North Carolina (E) Bergroth (see Proc. Ent. Soc. of Wash’n, Vol. II., p. 335). 4. Aradus rectus Say. Raleigh (C), June 30, 1902, F. Sherman. 5. Aradus falleni Stal. Raleigh (C), June 28, 1903, May, 1, 7, 1904, F. Sherman. Tryon (W), May 30, 1903, at light, W. F. Fiske. 8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan., ’05 6. Aradus niger Stal. Southern Pines (S. E.), January, 1904, F. Sherman. 7. Aradus acutus Say. Southern Pines (S. E.), March, 1904, very dark specimens, F, Sherman. Tryon (W), April 17, 1903, beneath bark of rotten oak, W. F. Fiske. 8. Aradus crenatus Say. Tryon (W), April 4, 7, 17, 1903, under bark of dead tulip tree, W. F. Fiske. 9. Aradus cinnamomeus Panzer. Tryon (W), 1903, common in spring and early summer, on large pine tree. . Many caught in pitch from wound, W. F. Fiske. 10. Brachyrhynchus lobatus Say. Raleigh (C), April 6, 1902, dead when taken, F. Sherman. tr. Brachyrhynchus granulatus Say. Cape Hatteras (E), January, 1903, F. Sherman. Littleton (N. E.), April 2, 1902, F. Sherman. Tryon (W), March 6, April 9, 1903, numerous on yellow pine, dead some years, and under bark of dead maples. No- vember 17, 1903, under bark of chestnut felled last spring, W. F. Fiske. 12. Brachyrhynchus simplex Uhler. Cape Hatteras (E), January, 1903, many under bark of fallen log, F. Sherman. Raleigh (C), March 17, 1902, under bark of fence post, F. Sherman. 13. Brachyrhynchus mestus Stal. Cape Hatteras (EK), January, 1903, abundant under bark of fallen log, F. Sherman. 14. Brachyrhynchus ovatus Stal. North Carolina (E) Bergroth (see Proc. Ent. Soc. of Wash’n, Voladie:®..336). Jan., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 9 15. Neuroctenus pseudonymus Bergroth. Mr. Heideman states that this species was originally de- scribed from North Carolina. Saluda (W), May 20, 1903, beneath bark of decaying chest- nut, W. F. Fiske. 16. Neuroctenus elongatus Osborn. Tryon (W), April 3, 1903, beneath bark of decaying chest- nut, W. F. Fiske. 17. Neuroctenus hopkinsi Heidemann. Hendersonville (W), May 26, 1903, under bark of fallen white pine, W. F. Fiske. 18. Neuroctenus simplex Uhler. Tryon (W), March 9, November 17, 18, 1903, beneath oak bark, W. F. Fiske. Saluda (W‘, March 25, 1903, W. F. Fiske. 19. Aneurus fiskei Heidemann. Tryon, May 21, 1903, W. F. Fiske. —— Some American Hymenoptera. By T. D. A. CoCKERELL. Halictus armaticeps Cresson, var. y. Smaller than usual, and more or less reddened ; sometimes the first two abdominal segments of the female bright ferruginous; head of the female large, broader than thorax. Because of the large head, this cannot well be referred to var. Zexanus (Cresson). It has rather a distinct aspect, but I find no satisfactory ; characters for specific separation. Hab.—\a Cueva, Organ Mts., New Mexico, about 5300 feet, Sept. 3 and 4, both sexes (C. H. 7. Townsend) ; Mesilla, . New Mexico, June 24, one 2 (Cockerell). Monidia, nu. n. (Monia, Westwood, Tr. Ent. Soc. London, 1875; not Gray, 1849). Type Monidia grisea (Monia grisea, Westwood). Mexico. Length about 8 mm. Dianthidium parvum (Cresson). A cell found at Las Vegas, N. M., consisting of resin and small stones, contained an immature but quite recognisable 10 | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan., ’05 D. parvum. ‘This affords further support to the opinion that all species of Dianthidium make resin nests. Exomalopsis verbesine Ckll. Tempe, Arizona, one ? at flowers of Heterotheca, in October (Cockerell). This species is certainly not an Anthophorula ; it is allied to &. solanz, but smaller and narrower, with redder tegulee and more brightly-colored antenne. It is new to Arizona. Exomalopsis solidaginis Ck1l. La Cueva, Organ Mountains, New Mexico, about 5300 feet, September 5, at flowers of Lippia wrightii,3 % (C. H. T. Townsend). ‘These area little larger than the type, with the hair averaging paler. It is not impossible that they represent the male of £&. solanz. . The three forms of Exvomalopsis s. str. found in the United States may be separated thus: Abdomen thinly but copiously hairy, the bases of the segments not contrasting, nor the hind margins with white bands ; flagellum not brightly colored beneath; males... ...... solidaginis Ckll. Abdomen with narrow white marginal hair-bands ; females... . .1 1. Larger and broader; tegula@ piceous. ......... solani Ckll. Smaller and narrower ; tegulz dark brown or reddish, antennz more brightly colored: cp PON" sate ethane ato! pote verbesine Ckll. All the others (std@ Ckll., coguilletti Ashm., texana Friese, brunert Crawf., compactulus Ckll.,) have in the male the light clypeus of the group Axthophorula. Odynerus rufinodus Cresson. I took this at Mesilla Park. New Mexico, June 14. The insect is closely allied to O. bdellulus Cresson, and has been confused with it. The females of the two are easily separated as follows, the notes on Jellulus being derived from Cresson’s type in the U. S. National Museum. O. rufinodus Cr. Second abdominal segment without the lateral yellow spots of dellulus ; post scutellum black ; meso- thorax with a median black line ; front without a yellow mark ; clypeus black ; head and thorax larger. New Mexico. O. bellulus Cr. Second abdominal segment with a yellow spot on each side; post-scutellum ferruginous; mesothorax Jan., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. II without a median black line; front with a yellow mark ; cly- peus rufous, upper margin broadly yellow. ‘Texas. Both have ferruginous legs, a yellow patch on pleura just below tegula, and four-dentate mandibles, the innermost tooth rudimentary. LEPTOGLOSSUS ZONATUS Dallas.—Professor R. H. Forbes has sent me a number of specimens of this species (kindly identified by Mr. Heidemann) which he collected at San Ignacio, Lower California. He also reports the insect from Santa Agneda, and concludes from his obser- vations that it is a very dangerous pest. Its habits appear to be similar to those of the closely allied Z. phyl/opus ; Prof. Forbes observed it to - attack limes, oranges, watermelons, dates, and in one instance a green cotton boll. At the same time Prof. Forbes sent some insects which were said to be killing the orange trees at Hermosillo, Sonora. They are /cerya purchasi Maskell.—T. D. A. COCKERELL, Jan., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 19 The Larva of Hepialus sequoiolus Behrens. % ; By FRANcIS X. WILLIAMs, San Francisco, Cal. 2 The larva of this interesting moth has, so far as I know, never been found or described, so I give herewith the result of my observations upon the species. Mature larva—Head slightly bilobed, rounded, partly retracted under segment 1, shining reddish-brown black towards mouth-parts ; antennz normal, spinneret slender. Ocelli 6 in two parallel rows. Width of head 4mm. A fewhairsarising from head. Body cylindrical, much wrinkled, slender ; segments 2 and 3 somewhat swollen, 12 and 13 tapering. Larger abdominal segments subdivided into four distinct wrinkles, other seg- ments subdivided less distinctly. Thoracic segments, first wrinkle of first abdominal and last half of segment 12, segment 33 and prolegs of a dirty white color, rest of body wood-brown. Body adorned with plates and tubercles, all bearing brownish hairs, and regularly arranged. The substigmatal tubercles are smaller than the superstigmatal. Thoracic legs yellowish, darker towards tips, and bearing a few hairs. A small hair caudad of each leg; prolegs normal. A large amber-colored dorsal plate on each thoracic segment, that of 2 and 3 smaller and darker on edges. Segment 1.—Dorsal plate roughly trapezoidal, extending laterad almost to stigma, stigma black, oval, larger than following. Above stigma on plate a large black piliferous spot. Directly between spot and stigma on plate, a small hair. On anterior portion of plate extending laterad a transverse row of five superstigmatal hairs, the two lowest close together. - ~ One substigmatal tubercle bearing two hairs. Segment 2.—Dorsal plate on wrinkle 2, oblong, pointed, bearing two hairs ; behind dorsal plate two large bilobed subdorsal plates each bearing four hairs. Extending laterad, two rows of tubercles of two tubercles each; one, large and conical on fold, one on fold 2 and other two on fold 3. Segment 3.—Dorsal and subdorsal plates smaller than in segment 2, and two large tubercles be- tween subdorsal plates ; lateral arrangement same as in segment 2. Ab- dominal segments.—On each side of segments, except 13, four super- stigmatal tubercles in two transverse rows on fold 2 and 3 respectively. On segments 6-9, two oblique rows of subdstigmatal tubercles of two and four tubercles each, the first row beginning almost on the stigmatal line, found also on segments 4, 5, 10 and 11; the second row encircling the outer base of prolegs. Between prolegs two hairs. One larger dorso- lateral two-haired tubercle on segments 4, 5, Io, If and 12. Between tubercles, a transverse row of small ventral tubercles four on segments 4 and 5, two on Io, 11 and 12. On segments 5 and Io an additional row of two very small flat tubercles. On segment 12 three lateral tubercles, a continuation of second superstigmatal row. Segment 13: anal plate roughly triangular bearing two pairs of subdorsal hairs and two anterior ones; a few ventral hairs, some on prolegs. Length of body 44 mm, 3 i or ; 20 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ Jan., ’o§ Width 5.90 mm. Described from one living larva and several alcoholic specimens. Measurements taken from a large specimen, some larve being only 34 mm. long when fully grown; this is not surprising, how- ever, as the imagos also vary greatly in size. Have found the larva in the stems of Eviophylium stedifo- lium and in the root of Helentum puberulum but most fre- quently in the large yellow lupine. The larva bores longitu- dinal passages just above ground or a little under, turning its burrow at right angles and usually closing its opening with excrement. I have taken from the same plant, Hepialus larvee some about one-third and others full grown; I should judge therefore that the larval life is about two years. Have found larve in last stage from June to this date, December. They are very active, moving backwards easily. They should be put in separate vials or receptacles when collected other- wise they will invariably bite off each other’s thoracic legs, and otherwise mutilate each other. A. seguotolus is not rare in the vicinity of San Francisco where I collected larvee of the same; it is also taken in Alameda and Mendicino counties. A New Thrips from the Philippine Islands. By WiLLt1am H. AsHMEAD, M. A., D. Se. Among some parasitic Hymenoptera sent me by Father Robert E. Brown, of Manila, I found a single specimen of a Thrips, and, since these insects are still unknown in the Philip- pines, there being none recorded in Uzel’s Monographie der Ordung Thysanoptera, I submit below a brief description of it. Genus IDOLOTHRIPS Haliday. Idolothrips tibialis n. sp. ?.—Length 2.4 mm. Coal-black, smooth and shining, but with all tibize and tarsi, except the pulvilli, yellowish-white ; the basal four joints of the antennz are black, the three following joints whitish towards the base, but brownish at apex, the small terminal joint wholly brown. The head is very nearly three times as long as wide, the sides parallel; eyes pale. The thorax laterally, in front of the insertion. The wings have a row of four or five short, spine-like bristles. The abdomen is elongate, pointed at apex, and has numerous long, bristly hairs above. ’ Type.—No. 8,132, U. S. N. M. Manila, (Father Robert Brown). ss eS eee ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers. ] To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL News has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- ence, as to make it necessary to put ‘‘ copy’ into the hands of the printer, for each num- ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘ extras,” without change in form, will be given free, when they are wanted ; and this should be so stated on the MS., along with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—Ep. PHILADELPHIA, PA., JANUARY, 1905. EP ES AE SES SRST ARTA SETTERS BIE TT Re 8 Cryptohalictoides spiniferus* % is remarkable for the peculiar and elaborate production of the legs into processes and spines fairly well show in the illustration. It is on this account possibly farther removed from the usual than any other insect de- scribed during the past year. The structures are symmetrical and cer- tainly serve some special purpose which it remains for some energetic biologist and physiologist to dis- cover. There was almost no inter- est shown in the selection of an insect for the cover of the NEws by our subscribers and we made the selection. In the January, 1904, NEWS we stated that the most remarkable insect described during the preceding year would be placed on the cover of each January NEws and asked for suggestions from our readers. ald wn Or Rppadins te A subscription blank has been placed in each number of this issue of the News. It does not mean that you have not paid for 1905, but is a gentle reminder if you have not paid, and affords you an opportunity of promptly doing so if you have failed to attend to this very important matter.—-TREASURER. * Viereck, Ent. NEws, xv, 261, 1904. 2I 22 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan., ’05 New TREATMENT FOR THE WooLy Apuis.—Simply use Christian Science. There is no such insect; it is an invention of mortal mind, This is readily demonstrated by consulting Webster’s or the Century. The proper spelling is woo//y, and there is no word wooly,—hence no wooly aphis, and no need of bulletins on the subject. Missouri and Georgia entomologists, and all agricultural editors, please take notice.— Mrs. Eppy (I don’t think). Entomological Literature. RESEARCHES ON NorRTH AMERICAN ACRIDIID&. By Albert Pitts Morse. Publication No. 18, Carnegie Institution of Washington. 53 pp.,-: 8 pls., 13 text figures. : In the presentation of this paper to the entomological world Prof. Morse has given us one of the most interesting and important papers pub- lished in recent years on American Orthoptera. The subject matter has been gleaned from a large series of specimens collected in the south- eastern states by the author on a trip made in the summer of 1903, under the auspices of the Carnegie Institution. The territory covered extended from Norfolk, Virginia, to the vicinity of Pensacola, Florida, special attention being paid to the mountainous region of western North Carolina. The paper is divided into a number of sections, the most. interesting and important of which are ‘‘ Zonal Distribution, Locust Societies and Habitats, a Comparison of Campestral and Sylvan Locusts, Macropter- ous and Brachypterous Species of Locusts, Brachypterism in other Or- thoptera,’’ and finally an annotated list of species and localities for each. Under ‘‘ Zonal Distribution’’ (p. 13) by a rather peculiar lapse ZviZe?- tix is omitted froma list of genera of austral origin not restricted to the eastern states, and Scirtefica is said to be confined to the east while the reverse is true. The section on locust societies is worthy of special note as it furnishes a basis for future work in this intensely interesting field. The table of societies presented on page 14, while preliminary and ten- tative, is evidently the product of considerable study, and, while a con- sideration of these divisions is unnecessary, it may be remarked that to the few hygrophilous phytophiles given there should be added Linoce- phalus elegans, which species is typically halophilous in New Jersey. After a discussion of the relation of brachypterous and macropterous species to their habitats, the author sums up his evidence in the statement that : ‘‘ Brachypterism in locusts is a more complete adaptation to a leap- ing mode of progression brought about by life in situations where flight is difficult or impracticable, and consequently disadvantageous.” While this appears to be more plausible than any theory hitherto advanced on the subject, it has numerous exceptions, one of the most striking of which Prof. Morse’s limited stay in the south did not permit him to observe, namely the great abundance of the macropterous Amdlytro- pidia occidentalis in typical sylvan surroundings. Under the list of species the records of Chlealtis conspersa, Stenobo- Jan., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 23 thrus curtipennis and Podisma glacialis variegata from the mountains of North Carolina are extremely interesting. The remarks on the two ‘‘spe- cies’’ of Schistocerca, S. alutacea and rubiginosa are noteworthy, the former being considered an inhabitant of grassy swamps and the latter found in drier situations, while in New Jersey the two forms are found by the reviewer in the same surroundings, myrtle thickets on the beaches, and scrub pine and oak in the ‘‘barrens,’’ seldom occuring in the swamps. Another interesting fact is that We/anop/us impudicus is in the south said to be an inhabitant of ‘dry, grassy fields,’’ while in New Jersey it is a sylvan geophile, found in surroundings similar to those frequented by Melanoplus luridus. These remarks are not made in a derogatory sense, ’ but merely to call attention to the fact that conclusions regarding a spe- cies in one section are not always true of it in another. It is to be regretted that considerable more time for field work was not at Prof. Morse’s disposal, as some of his remarks require a little modifi- cation when spring and fall observations are considered. The illustra- tions of the work are quite good and well represent the types of country studied, except that figure 2, plate 5 can hardly be considered ‘‘ pine bar- rens,’’ at least not such as the reviewer is acquainted with in Florida, © Georgia and New Jersey. For a very substantial addition to our knowledge of the Orthoptera of the southeastern, or rather eastern states, we must thank Prof. Morse, one which is also of great value as a work of reference to the working Orthopterist, and a material advance in faunistic and ecological ento- mology. 1 A GOR: —- Doings of Societies. A meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, was held November the 17th. Inthe absence of the Directors, Mr. Frank Haimbach presided. Eight persons were present. Dr. Skinner made some remarks on mimicry or protective resemblance, and stated that the Academy had recently re- ceived specimens of the beetle Lycus fernandezti Duges, belonging to the family Lampyride and the moth 777procris constans Hy. Edwards, belonging to the family Pyromorphide. When in their natural position with the wings unexpanded these two insects have a perfectly marvellous resemblance. They are taken to be the same’ species by nearly all observers until their attention is called to the difference in structure. It would be very interesting to find out the significance of any of these likenesses. Some naturalists think they are purely 24 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan., ’05 accidental on the theory that there are so many forms in nature that it is not strange for some to resemble each other. Mr. Viereck spoke of the distribution of Cu/ex aurifer, and said it was abundant on the south meadows near Hartford, Conn. He said it was as abundant there as sollicitans is in New Jersey. Where trees were present, the larvee were much more abundant in the shaded depressions. They flourish about the 20th of May, and none were found a month later nor through the remainder of the summer. So/licitans is found on the coast but does not extend as far inland as in New Jersey, which is accounted for by the natural barrier of the hills. The possibility of an invasion into Connecticut from Long Island was mentioned. Some of the other species found in Connec- ticut were alluded to. Specimens of aurifer were exhibited. Mr. Daecke said C. ¢riseriatus appeared to take the place of aurifer in the vicinity of Philadelphia. The larve were found in shady places. Mr. W. J. Coxey was elected an Associate of the Section. HENRY SKINNER, Secretary. At the meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social, held No- vember 16, 1904, at the residence of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, 1523 South Thirteenth Street, Philadelphia, thirteen persons were present. At —— Mr. Wenzel announced the death of F. G. Schaupp, and spoke of his personality and interest in entomology. Mr. Dickerson spoke of the Newark Entomological Society and its recent anniversary meeting. Mr. H. Wenzel stated he had been studying the insects in- festing nuts, acorns, etc., especially Balaninus, and exhibited acorns from seven species of oaks. In only one kind of acorn had he been able to observe the ovipositing of the female, the acorn being punctured after it is well developed. He was not aware that the hibernation of the larva in the acorn was on record, but in the present instance it seems that the larva will probably pass the winter in the nut. The larva is small, either being undeveloped or belonging toa species even smaller © than confusior. In reply to Dr. Skinner, Mr. Wenzel said that the egg was i a ee el Jan., 05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 25 probably shoved .into the nut by the proboscis of the female. When two larve inhabit one nut, they are separated by the median membrane or partition which divides the nut into equal parts. Mr. Dickerson stated that in Northern New Jersey the chestnuts seem to have escaped infestation this fall. Mr. Haimbach exhibited 76 species of Tineids, representing a portion of his collection. Mr. Daecke stated thata nest of Vespa germanica recently examined near Delair, New Jersey, contained numerous females and males, with comparatively few workers, and the larve in all stages, with pupze ready to hatch, all of which seemed to be hibernating. Dipterous larvz were also present feeding on dead wasps. Dr. Skinner reported that a nest of Vespa maculata collected in the dead of winter and brought into the house was found to contain live wasps. Mr. Dickerson said thatin anest of . germanica examined by him the nest was of temporary character, not being com- pletely covered and was starting to decay. He also showed specimens of Ceracis sa//ei, a small fungous -beetle from Chester and Arlington, New Jersey, which was only recorded heretofore from the Northern part of the State. On motion, a vote of thanks was extended to Mr. Haimbach for entertaining the members at the last meeting. Mr. William S. Huntington was elected a membér of the Social. WILLIAM J. Fox, Secretary. The October meeting of the Newark Ent. Society was held on the 13th, with Pres. Keller in the chair and 13 members present. The election of officers resulted as follows : For Pres. Mr. Geo. J. Keller, re-elected ; for Vice Pres. Mr. Geo. Stortz, re-elected ; for Secretary Mr. Otto Buchholz, re- elected ; for Treasurer Mr. S. H. M. Seib, re-elected; for Librarian Mr. Wm. Broadwell, re-elected ; for Curators Mr. J. Angelman (Lep.), Mr. E. A. Bischoff, re-elected (Col.), Mr. A. J. Weidt (Dipt). 26 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan., ’05 Mr. Broadwell reported the capture of the following Lepi- doptera: Semioscopsis merriccella, Hydria undulata, Hydrio- mena multiferata, Phlyctenia tertialis and Schenobius mellinel- lus at Denville, N. J. Mr. Bischoff reported the capture of Ptinus fur Linn (Col.) in chamomile boxes, but was not certain whether the specimens were feeding on chamomile, as all were found be- tween layers of paper. A vote of thanks was extended to Mr. Broadwell for an enlarged photograph of the membership. Mr. Eugene Winship of Long Branch was unanimously elected to membership. The advisability of keeping a record book of local species was discussed at length, so that observa- tions and dates in rearing and capturing of the rarer spe- cies might be entered for the benefit of other collectors ; Mr. Buchholz volunteered to take up the Lepidoptera portion of it providing the members would deliver their experiences in writing. Mr. Bischoff agreed to take care of a Coleoptera book on the same lines. The November meeting of the Newark Entomological Society was held on the 11th, with President Keller in the chair and 23 members present. Visitor Mr. J. Kuenzler of Paterson, N. J. _ Prof. Smith promised to send two copies of his ‘‘ Insects of New Jersey,’’ and on motion it was decided to have the same bound with double interleaves for records of captures, obser- vations, etc. Mr. Hy. Rummel presented a pair of Cécin. untpunctata (Col.) to the Society. He also reported the capture of Paria viridicyanea (Col. ) at Plainfield, N. J., in July, on wild morning glory. Prof. Smith read an article written by Mr. Brehme in which the latter stated that the vicinity of Newark was by far the best collecting place of any part of the State that he had seen and worked over during the last two years while in the employ of the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. He de- plored, however, that collecting around this section was getting poorer every year, first, on account of the rapid building up of good hunting grounds, and second on account of vandalism exer- cised by some collectors while searching the plants for eggs Jan., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 27 and larvee, and urged the members to leave the food plants in as good condition as they find them. He also asked the members to collect all larvae unknown to them, blow one or more of each species and by rearing the rest of them find out what they are; then present some of them to the Society, and by placing them with the imagos give the collection a more scientific value. Mr. Grossbeck exhibited some pieces of amber in which were imbedded different species of insects.* The Sesiidze (Lepidoptera) were brought up for comparison and discussion ; they were pretty poorly represented, except. with Prof. Smith and Mr. Engelhardt, both of whom had large series to show. Quite a number of specimens were named and corrected in different collections, and Mr. Engel- hardt gave an interesting talk on the life habits of some species and stated that he had bred 21 species in one season. He also showed specimens of an unnamed variety of Sciapteron simu- tans, on which the abdomen was deep orange instead of yellow. On motion it was decided to bring up the genus Xylina (Lepidoptera) for next meeting. Messrs. Brehme, Stortz, Seib, Dickerson and Bischoff were appointed a committee on ‘field meetings. Mr. J. Landrock of Hoboken and Mr. George Engelhardt of Brooklyn were unanimously elected to membership. Otro BucHHoLz, Secretary. A meeting of the American Entomological Society was held June 23, 1904. Mr. H. W. Wenzel, Vice-President in the © chair. Ten persons were present. Mr. Rehn exhibited the Tettiginze and Eumastacine belonging to the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, the U. S. National Museum and Mr. Morgan Hebard. ‘There are a number of new genera and species in this material. Dr. Skinner spoke of the col- lecting possibilities of the swamp lands west of Essington, Pa.,on the B. & O. Railroad. Mr. Rehn mentioned some ex- periences in collecting in that locality. HENRY SKINNER, Secretary. * Rutgers College collection. 28 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ Jan., ’05 A meeting of the American Entomological Society April 28, 1904. Dr. P. P. Calvert, President, in the chair. Nine persons were present. The Executive Committee reported negatively to the Society in regard to the request for the loan of books from the library. Mr.,J. A. G. Rehn exhibited an extensive collection of Orthoptera presented to the Academy of Natural Sciences by Dr. Henri de Saussure of Geneva, Switzerland, numbering 800 specimens, 50 genera and 300 species being new to the collection. He also showed specimens of Radinotatum brevipenne described . by Thomas. It remained unique fora long time. Mr. Rehn’s specimens were obtained at Thomasville, Georgia. He stated that they are found among the pine needles, and that they re- semble them in a remarkable manner, and can’t be seen until they move. ‘The species is a common one at Thomasville. Mr. Haimbach reported success in collecting Microlepidoptera. He had taken many species, among which were Zudia triferana and Paralechia cristifasciella. Dr. Calvert exhibited some Lepi- doptera in Riker mounts especially prepared to show the neu- ration. He adopted a new plan, taking the wing and placing it in caustic potash solution for twenty-four hours, then washed in water for fifteen minutes, then in a watery solution of Bor- deaux red for twenty-four hours, then washed in water and floated on cards and dried. Both sides of the head were also shown, to note the presence or absence of a proboscis. The following persons were elected correspondents of the Society. Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, the University of Colorado at Boul- der; Nicolas von Adelung, St. Petersburg, Russia; Hofrath Carl Brunner von Wattenwyl, Vienna, Austria, and Ignacio Bolivar, Madrid, Spain. HENRY SKINNER, Secrefary. Minutes of meetings of Brooklyn Entomological Society, held at the residence of Mr. George Franck, 1040 De Kalb Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. April 7, 1904.—Sixteen persons present, the Vice- President in the chair. Mr. John Landrock of Hoboken, N. Y., was elected a member. Mr. Franck presented a paper on ‘‘ Notes on Anthocharis,’’ illustrated by an extensive series of speci- 05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 29 mens especially relating to the groups ausonides, variations hyantis and coloradensis, and sara, variations reakirtii (stella) and julia. While hyantis and coloradensis differ in size from ausonides, being rather less, the distinction between the varia- tions only depends upon slight changes in maculation, viz., in hyantis the central spot on the primaries is larger than that of coloradensis, while the underside of the secondaries in hyantis is rather more richly decorated than in coloradensis. This would seem to confirm the propriety of the retention of only one of these names, Ayantzs, as Dr. Skinner has done. As to group sava, Mr. Edwards in his description of reakirtiz states that there are no yellow females. This would appear to be erroneous, since among a large series of this variation re- ceived from sundry localities in California, Nevada and Utah, both white and yellow females of reakirtiz were found, includ- ing white males of ju/éa. As no other forms were taken, this would seem sufficient to obliterate the distinction between reakirtit and julia and these so called variations should be treated as identical, represented by white males and yellow females, the slight differences in maculation being insufficient to entitle either to be treated as a distinct variation. On the other hand, s¢ed//a would seem deserving of recognition since in a series of some 300 specimens from Plumas County, California, only yellow males and females occurred, which corresponds with the statement in Mr. Edward’s description that both sexes are yellow. This constancy of color certainly entitled it to be distinguished as a local variation of sara. May 5, 1904.—Sixteen persons present, Dr. Zabriskie in the chair. Relation by various members of the circumstances which led them to become interested in entomology. Dr. Za- briskie stated that his attention was attracted among other things toa number of clay tubes, some six inches in length, pendent from the rafters of an old barn situated on the home- stead in Flatbush, L. I. These, he subsequently learned, were constructed by termites. He knew of no record of a similar formation by these insects. Mr. Weeks stated that he desired to correct some erroneous opinions published in the March Journal of the New York 40 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Jan., ’o§ Entomological Society and elsewhere concerning his paper on ‘‘Evolution of the Secondaries of the Catocala,’’ which ap- peared in the Journal of December, 1903, in which opinions it was alleged that he had stated that the coloration had origi- nated by reason of the pursuit of these insects by birds, which, it was asserted, could not possibly distinguish the colored secondaries to such an extent during flight as to be directed by them, and hence the theory that they had developed under such conditions and for such purpose was untenable. Mr. Weeks called attention to the fact that the article nowhere made such an allegation, and that he had repeatedly stated therein that these secondaries were only displayed as a diversion when the insect was feeding and therefore af rest; also that due allow- ance must be made for changed faunal conditions and environ- ments to which these insects had been subjected through vast periods of time, when the forests swarmed with creeping ene- mies much more rapacious and numerous than any which now survived and when birds had not as yet developed, and that it was totally incorrect to base any deductions upon the premise that present conditions had always prevailed or contempora- neously existed. June 2, 1904.—Six persons present, the Secretary in the chair. The members were entertained by the relation of the experi- ences of a collector who had recently returned from a year’s sojourn at Obidos some 2000 miles up the Amazon River. The natives were hospitable and trusty. Mosquitoes made col- lecting almost impossible. Tarantulas swarmed in the huts of the natives and were captured with pincers and forked sticks. The narrator was blinded for several months by loose hairs from these creatures. ‘Ticks and various insects gave great annoyance, and snakes were permitted to run at large within the huts to destroy the vampires, which were dangerous at night. Ants were a most formidable pest, sometimes locating in such numbers beneath the dwellings as to cause their abandonment. The height of the trees and parasitic vines and the density of their combined foliage at the top cast the surface beneath in deep shadow so that few insects could be there taken. At the top the trees and vines bloomed luxuri- ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. . 41 antly and here, far out of reach, gorgeous butterflies and other insects occurred in multitudes, and could only be induced to descend by various lures. One species, Morpho hecuba, one of the rarest of this genus, refused every enticement for a long time until, quite by accident, it was discovered that it could be attracted by the reflection of a small piece of looking glass lying upon the ground. Butterflies of various species occa- sionally congregated in such numbers in moist places that not even space remained to insert a finger between them. At such times one could sit down and select what he wished. Some of the tributaries of the Amazon were infested with poisonous weeds which impregnated the water to such an extent that dangerous and even fatal effects resulted from wading in them. During the dry season the river was lowered some thirty feet, having broad sandy shores on either side. Many of the Lepi- dopterous larve, instead of consuming an entire leaf, had the curious habit of biting out of ita series of holes of various sizes, but of constantly recurring form at regular intervals, so that the final effect was that of a lace pattern. The narrator exhibited a number of leaves thus bitten showing many inter- esting designs. ie ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, Seeretary. The October meeting of the Entomological Section of the Chicago Academy of Sciences was held as usual at the John Crerar Library on the 2oth, eight members and one visitor being present. The recorder read a letter from Mr. John Com- stock enclosing a specimen of Zerias mexicana which he had taken October 9th at Williams Bay, Lake Geneva, Wisconsin. This is unusually far north for this species, but the recorder has since learned that Mr. Beer also captured two specimens this year, one October 9th within the Chicago city limits and one at Hessville, Indiana, south-east of Chicago, on October 16th. Mr. Higley announced the arrival of twenty Comstock cases for the Academy collection. Mr. W. L. Tower gave a very interesting talk on his expe- riences while collecting in Southern Mexico about sixty miles south-east of Mount Orizaba. The locality wasa fertile valley, 32 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. {Jan., ’0§ lying between high, forest-clad mountains, these in turn being surrounded by low-lying plains. He found it a veritable zoological oasis, various species of Lepidoptera, etc., being taken, which had not been recorded farther north than Honduras. Mr. Tower’s subject was ‘‘ In- sects in Tropical Forests,’’ and he paid particular attention to the habits of the butterflies including Morphos, Papilios, Heli- conidz, Pieridz, etc. Coleoptera were few and occurred principally at the edge of the forest. Here also, numerous mosquitoes congregated, especially near the river which skirted the base of the mountains. Stegomyia predominated in the morning and during the day, its place being taken by Czlex, Anopheles and others at night. The Morphos and Papilios were found to roost low down in the dense forest between the buttresses of the trees, and upon awakening, at first fly low, gradually mounting higher as the day advanced. By ten or eleven o’clock they were high up, flitting about the flowers of the vines which formed a veritable carpet over the tree tops. This he was able to observe only from a projecting ledge, which overlooked a portion of the forest. He described the scene as extremely beautiful with hundreds of brilliant Morphos and Papilios to be seen within a comparatively limited area. Mr. Tewer also spoke of the difficulties to be met with on a trip to such a locality. Disease, including yellow-fever and malaria ; vermin, wire-worms, bot-flies, chigres, ete., and fre-_ quent and unexpected electrical storms were discouraging features. He stated also that, although species and specimens were often numerous, they were by no means easily caught, as they were usually either inaccessible or of swift and deceitful flight. He made several trips to this locality, but considered the beginning of the rainy season May ist to July 1st as the best for collecting. Those present expressed themselves as greatly pleased with the entertaining talk of Mr. Tower. The meeting adjourned at 9.50 P. M. A. Kwiat, Recorder. Ent. News, Vou. XVI. EXOTIC BUTTERFLIES. Pi. III ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. VoL. XVI. FEBRUARY, 1905. No. 2. CONTENTS: Grinnell—Two new butterflies from Mt. Houghton—Coleoptera of Mt. Seward, Tamalpais, California.............- 33 PVA: aids sited 2 an CPR MD OT RAAD Sw ob's See 50 Chagnon—Canadian Cerambycide. .. 35 | Cockerell—A new Lac-Insect.......... 52 Rehn—Records of some Paraguayan Knab—The spreading of Spheridium Orthoptera with the description of Scdravatoides Li My Gi veaves cuss. 53 a aew genus and species..........- Si isditotial oa 54 Graenicher—On the habits of two Ich- Doings of Sacieties: <2. shiass << waps- 00s 55 neumonid Parasites of the Bee Cera- ; ‘ tina Dupla Say............0eeeeseee 43 ~~ Our frontispiece this month was made direct from specimens in the collection of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila- delphia, by the Photo-chromotype Company of Philadelphia. This is one of the largest companies in America doing this line of work. ‘The specimens represented are as follows: vonia phocea Felder, from the Philippines. Cyrestis elegans Bois- duval, from Madagascar. Catagramma cynosura Doubl.-Hew., from Brazil. The butterflies represented on Plate I, in the January News were Callosune zoe Grandid, from Madagascar. Callithea optima Butl., from Peru. Calagramma atacama Hew., from Ecuador. ; + ~)8r Two New Butterflies from Mt. Tamalpais, Calif. By ForpycE GRINNELL, JR., Palo Alto, Calif. Satyrus behrii n. sp. 3 expands 43 mm. Upper surface entirely Prout’s brown, darker towards inner margin (probably somewhat faded from the age of the specimens). Primaries have two ocelli placed in the usual position, equally distant between the costa and inner margin ; the upper ocellus is 2.5 mm. in diameter, of a very dark brown or black, has a small, distinct, white, central dot, and is surrounded by a ring of lighter color than the 33 34 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., ’o5 adjacent area. The lower ocellus consists of a single black spot, rather indistinct, and without white central point and surrounding ring. A very faint, submarginal black line and a marginal streak ; secondaries same as primaries, an ocellus in the same position as the second one on primaries and resembling it. Underside: primaries woodbrown but much mottled with other shades, many irrorations of darker color; submarginal to the two ocelli is a wavy, distinct brown band formed into crescents toward the inner margin; the upper of the two ocelli is like the one on the upperside, the lower is exactly like it only somewhat smaller. Between the ocelli and the margin is a comparatively broad, dark brown band ; a marginal and submarginal distinct lines close together. Secondaries: more mottled with grayish than the primaries; a very broad fascia in the center of the wing, extending from costa to base parallel to outer margin; the row of six ocelli placed in the usual posi- tion, the first is rather small, with a minute white dot in the center; next is much larger with distinct white central point ; next consists of a small, black point only ; next is a small one, with a distinct white central point ; next is as large as the second and like it; the last one like the first. These ocelli are very constant, more so than in any other species. Be- tween this row and outer margin is a brown band corresponding to that of the primaries; a marginal and submarginal fine, distinct streaks. Fringes all brown. 2 expands 46mm. Resembles the ,j' in all particulars except the fol- lowing : the two ocelli on upperside of primaries are exactly alike and are like the upper one of the male. The one on the secondaries is larger and with a distinct, white central point. Underside : the two ocelli on the primaries are slightly large and of same size. The row of ocelli on secondaries are practically like those of the male. Habitat: Mt. Tamalpais, Marin County, California. Right across the bay from San Francisco, collected by Dr. Behr many years ago, probably between 1860 and 1870. Types, 2, 8, 2 2, collection California Academy of Sciences. Several cotypes. This species is readily distinguished from any other by its small size, darker color and very distinct markings. Named for Hans Herman Behr, the beacon light of Californian Lepi- dopterology, whose name will be held in strong remembrance as long as Californian butterflies are collected and studied. Thanaos pernigra n. sp. Upperside : primaries entirely blackish-slate, with a very thin sprinkling of grayish hairs ; three very small, white dots arranged diagonally, in the Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 35 costo-apical part of the wing. Secondaries: entirely seal-brown, with long hairs along the inner margin and basal part of wing. Underside of both wings entirely Van Dyke brown ; the three costo-apical white spots visible through the wing. Abdomen and thorax same color as adjacent parts of the wings. Palpiclothed with long hairs. Antennz entirely of same color as the primaries on the upperside. Habitat: Mt. Tamalpais, Marin Co., California. Collected by Mr. F. X. Williams, May 19, 1904, in Mill Valley, on the slopes of Mt. Tamalpais. Only a few were captured but others were seen ; the species is no doubt extremely local in distri- bution. Type 1 %, to be deposited in the collection of the Cali- fornia Academy of Sciences. This species is very distinct from any other by its small size, and very dark, almost uniform color. Owing to a curious asymmetry in the clasps of the single male I possess, the de- scription of these organs will have to be deferred till more spe- cimens are available. Canadian Cerambycidae. The species of the past season. By G. CHAGNON, Montreal, Canada. Acm@ops proteus Kirby. Montreal, 14, vii. Entirely black. Asemum me@stum Hald. St. Hilaire, Que., 24, v. under pine bark. Callidium janthinum Lec. Val Morin, Que., common Io to 25, vi. Clytanthus ruricola Oliv. Common ; vi and vii. Cirtophorus verrucosus Oliv. St. Hilaire, Que. 24, v. Calimoxys sanguinicollis Oliv. St. Hilaire, Que. j' and Q 24, v. Criocephalus agrestis Krby. Montreal, vii, viii. They are generally taken at the electric lights. Desmocerus palliatus Forst. Montreal, 48 specimens on Elder ; 28, vi. Euderces picipes F. St. Hilaire, Que., 1, vii. Graphisurus fasciatus DeG. Montreal, A few chrysalids from beech. Hoplosia nubila Lec. Montreal 18, vii. This species breeds in Linden. Hyperplatys aspersus Say. Montreal, vi and vii. Taken several spe- cimens on dead branches of willow, in which it must breed. Leptura nitens Forst. Montreal, 27, vi. Leptura exigua Newm. Common from 24, v to 15, vi. Leptura hematites Newm. Montreal, 12, vi. Leptura biforis Newm. St. John’s, Que. 8, vii. Leptura canadensis F. Common, vii. Leptura vittata Germ. Common, vi, vii. 36 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., ’o Leptura lineola Say. Common, vi, vii. Leptura pubera Say. Common, vi, vii. Leptura proxima Say. St. Hilaire, Que., St. John’s, Que. vi, vii. Leptura mutabilis Newm. Montreal, 10, vi. Leptura chrysocoma Kirby. Val Morin, Que., common 19, vi. Lepturges querci Fitch. Montreal, 25, vii. Monohammus confusor Kirby. Montreal, 23, viii. Neoclytus muricatulus Kirby. Lévis, Que., 12, viii. On spruce logs. Oberea bimaculata Ol. Common on raspberry, 8, vii. Obrium rubrum Newm. Montreal, 25, vii. Parandra brunnea F. Montreal, 25, vii. Pogonocherus mixtus Hald. Montreal, 14, vii, on dead branch of willow. Pachyta monticola Rand. Val Morin, Que., 17, vi. Psenocerus supernotatus Say. Common on wild grape vine, 12, vi. Phymatodes amenus Say. Montreal, 12, vi. On wild grape vine. Stenosphenus notatus Ol. Montreal, 12, vi. Saperda puncticollis Say. Montreal. On woodbine 12, vi. Saperda mutica Say. Montreal; several specimens on willow, 14, vii. Saperda lateralis F. Montreal, 12, vi. Saperda vestita Say. Montreal, chrysalids from linden. Tragosoma harrisii Lec. Montreal. One specimen at electric lights, 17, vii. Typocerus velutinus Ol, Common, vii. Tetraopes tetraophthalmus Forst. Common, vii. Toxotus trivittatus Say. Montreal. Common, 12, vi. Xylotrechus undulatus Say. Lévis, Que., 12, viii, on spruce logs. The above species, which number 44, were all taken during the past summer. I was at Quebec in August last and took advantage of my trip to examine the material in some local collections there. Amongst the most important species I saw, were the following : Rhopalopus sanguinicollis Horn. This species seems to occur frequently at Quebec and Lévis. Phymatodes maculicollis Lec? ‘There is a specimen of Phy- matodes in the collection of Abbé Roy, Lévis, which I think can be referred to maculicollis. I regret that I did not have the opportunity of studying it more fully. Piodes coriacea Lec. ‘This species is in the Provancher col- lection without locality label. I have seen specimens from Rigaud, Que. . Monohammus marmorator Kirby. I saw several specimens of this species in collections at Quebec and at Levis. I noticed, in the Laval University collection, specimens of this species labelled ¢ti//ator F. Saperda cretata Newm. ‘Two specimens in the Laval Uni- versity collection without locality label. Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 37 Records of some Paraguayan Orthoptera with the Description of a New Genus and Species. By JAmes A. G. REHN. The following records have been made from a small collec- tion of Orthoptera taken at Sapucay, Paraguay. The mate- tial is the property of Mr. Morgan Hebard of Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia. Family BLATTIDZ. Ischnoptera marginata Brunner. One female (December 20, 1901). Giglio-Tos has recorded this species from northern Argen- tina and the Bolivian Chaco. Ischnoptera vilis Saussure. Two males (one November 30, 1901). Family MANTID2. Brunneria brasiliensis Saussure. One male. Family ACRIDID. Ossa bimaculata Giglio-Tos. One male and one female. October 31, 1902 and January 27, 1903. This species was described from Resistencia nel Chaco, Argentina. Tropinotus discoideus Serville. Two females. These specimens agree with a female individual from Para- guay referred to discoideus by Giglio-Tos, and a male and female from Brazil and Rio Grande do Sul received from Dr. Saussure. One of the Sapucay specimens is blackish brown in color with the maculations rather faint, the other is wood brown, the anal area of the tegmina pale, the maculations of the tegmina barely visible. Originally described from *‘ Bresil,’’ this species has since been recorded from Buenos Ayres and the province of Jujuy, Argentina, Caiza in the Chaco of Bolivia and Asuncion, Paraguay. 38 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., ’05 Tropinotus regularis Bruner. One male. This specimen was examined by Prof. Bruner, who pro- nounced it a representative of a species at present undescribed and which he proposed to call vegularis. In appearance it is quite distinct from the other forms of the genus, but I prefer to leave all remarks, however desirable, aside pending the description. Elzochlora viridicata (Serville). One female. This is inseparable from females from Carcarana, Argentina, except that the caudal tibize and tarsi are not washed with pinkish red, but are uniform dull greenish in color. Chromacris stolli (Pictet and Saussure). One male, one female. While this species has been recorded from a number of localities in northern Argentina, this is apparently the first record from Paraguay. Zoniopoda omnicolor ( Blanchard). One male (February 18, 1902), one female. This beautiful species is here recorded from Paraguay for ~ the first time. The Sapucay specimens are inseparable from individuals from Carcarana, Argentina. . Zoniopoda iheringi Pictet and Saussure. One male (October 29, 1902), one female. These specimens have been compared with an authentic female specimen from Rio Grande do Sul collected by Dr. Ihering and presented by Dr. Saussure. Except that the Paraguayan female is of smaller size, no important difference can be detected. In the male the caudal femora are obscurely bi-annulate with blackish fuscous. Stenopola puncticeps (Stal). One female (December 19, 1902). This species has been recorded from Caiza and San Fran- cisco in the Bolivian Chaco; San Lorenzo in Jujuy, Argen- tina; Resistencia in the Argentina Chaco and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. J = a Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 39 Aleuas vitticollis Stal. One male (March 7, 1903). This species was described from Sao Leopoldo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and Montevideo, Uruguay. Aleuas gracilis Stl. One male (March 7, 1903). The difference between this species and A. vitticollts is very apparent on comparing them, the slenderer build, more pro- duced and acute fastigium and the form of the pronotum are the principal characters which readily distinguish gvacz/is from vitticollis. The original locality was Brazil. ZYGOCLISTRON* n. gen. Allied to the Alene and Vilerne, partaking of characters of both, but probably more closely related to the former and the genus FParaleuas Giglio-Tos in particular. Form elongate, slender. Head with the fastigium acute, sharply carinate, excavated ; frontal costa regularly expand- ing from the base of the antennz to the clypeus ; facial carinze diverging to the same extent and parallel to the costa. Pro- notum rugoso-tuberculate ; median carina distinct, intersected thrice ; ventral margin of the lateral lobes very slightly emar- ~ginate. Intervals between the mesosternal and metasternal - lobes exceedingly narrow. Tegmina reaching the apex of the abdomen ; area between the discoidal and ulnar veins with numerous transverse veins mesad. Posterior femora with very slight dentate points on the dorsal carina; tibiz with eight spines on the external margin ; second tarsal joint not quite half as long as the metatarsus. Subgenital plate com- pressed, produced into a moderately recurved process ; supra- anal subequal proximad, acuminate distad ; cerci long, slender, parallel in the proximal half, sharply incurved at the middle, the apex directed caudad and acute. Zygoclistron trachystictum} n. sp. Type: ¢ ; Sapucay. Paraguay. March 20, 1902. Hebard collection. * Zuyov yoke, thetopov bar. } Tpaxus rough, atixtov punctured. 40 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., 05 ZYGOLISTRON TRACHYSTICTUM n. gen. and sp. Type, fig. 1, lateral view; fig. 2, cephalic view of head; fig. 3, dorsal view of abdominal appendages. Head rather large, occiput rounded and slightly elevated above the pronotum ; vertex slightly descending, interspace between the eyes dis- tinctly exceeding the greatest width of the frontal costa; fastigium slightly descending, acute, the marginal carinze sharp, shallowly and broadly excavated, foveole large, trigonal, facing dorsad ; frontal costa a simple sharp carina immediately below the fastigium, dividing at a line with the upper base of the antenne, carinze regularly and very distinctly diverging to the clypeal margin, shallowly but wholly sulcate ; accessory facial carinz distinct and diverging at the same angle as the margins of the frontal costa; eye ovate in outline, quite prominent, very slightly shorter than the infra-ocular portion of the genz ; antennz slightly ex- ceeding the head and pronotum in length, slightly depressed. Pronotum narrow, subequal, rugoso-tuberculate except the ventral portions of the lateral lobes which are rugose; cephalic margin rotundato-angulate, - caudal margin obtuse-angulate, the angle narrowly rounded and the margin slightly sinuate ; median carina distinctly sub-cristate on the pro- zona and severed by each sulcus ; no lateral carina present, a moderately marked shoulder present on the metazona ; inferior margin of the lateral lobes slightly sinuate cephalad and caudad. Prosternal spine short, com- pressed, blunt, directed caudad. Interspace between the mesosternal lobes very narrow, the lobes sub-contiguous ; interval between the me- tosternal lobes cuneiform, the lobes sub-contiguous at the narrowest (caudal) point. Tegmina not exceeding the apex of the abdomen, rotundato-truncate apically, discoidal field proximad irregularly reticu- late, mesad with the portion between the discoidal and ulnar veins occu- pied by numerous parallel cross veins, those of the medio-discoidal area ‘more numerous than those in the medio-ulnar section; no intercalary vein present. Wings equal to the tegmina in length. Last segment of the abdomen dorsal with triangular branches of the furcula ; supra-anal plate equal proximad, acute and produced distad ; subgenital plate pro- duced, compressed, apical process recurved and exceeding the apical margin by a distance equal to half the length of the entire plate ; cerci Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. ot ge elongate, narrow, straight and parallel proximad, at the middle with a short mesad curve, and near the apex with a distinct caudad bend, the apex acute and slightly depressed. Cephalic and median femora short, inflated, the tibiz of the same limbs not exceeding the femora in length. Caudal femora slightly exceeding half the tegmina in length, tapering evenly but not gracefully to the genicular region, dorsal carina with several sub-obsolete dentiform serrations ; tibiz with eight spines on the external margin, ten or eleven spines on the internal margin, external apical spine present on one tibia and absent on the other; metatarsi over twice the length of the second tarsal joint. General color ochraceous, the genz, ventral part of the pronotum and the pleura gamboge yellow, a post-ocular streak, which is indistinct on the head and well marked on the pronotum and pleura, blackish ; eyes and dorsal surface of pronotum tawny ; antennz with the apical half in- fuscate. Tegmina hyaline with a faint greenish yellow tinge, the costal region with the veins obscurely yellowish, the base of the discoidal field with several distinct quadrate spots of blackish, and the axillary field saffron yellow. Abdomen with the lateral face of each segment with a diagonal blackish marking, which in form is crudely oval. Limbs of the general color, the caudal femora with blackish blotches along the carinz ; tibiz saffron yellow, washed with blackish at the very apex, spines blackish apically, those of the internal margin with the whole internal face blackish. MEASUREMENTS: Length of body, 2°... -7ar Pee Seapik | 3qsu nti. Leneth of pronotum, 36:2.) eee ee Bh ON ope % Greatest width of pronotum,...... eayii es Ss tics Legetit.of: tegmina;. J:.:07. Has aia vs ee Greatest width of tegmina,. ........ re aie Length of caudal femora,,......... 76:5; 35 The type only has been examined. Schistocerca infumata Scudder. One male (January 15, 1903), one female. This species has only been recorded from Montevideo, Uruguay and Brazil. This species is closely related to 5S. flavofasciata, of which a pair from Demerara have been ex- amined, and with it possesses a pale flavous bar of the proxi- mal portion of the costal margin of the tegmina. The form of the cerci of this species is quite different from that seen in S. flavofasciata. Dichroplus bergii Stal. One female (January 27, 1903). This specimen was compared with females from Rosario and Ost ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., ’05 Carcarana, Argentina, received from Prof. Bruner, and one female (Resistencia nel Chaco, Argentina), received from Dr. Borelli. Dichroplus exilis Giglio-Tos? Two males (January 16, 1903, and March g, 1902). These specimens do not wholly agree with the original description of evz/7s, the caudal femora being greenish above and without any black except in the genicular regions, while the cerci are subequal in the incurved apical portion. They are readily separated from ZY. elongatus Giglio-Tos by the shorter and less produced subgenital plate, the broader fas- tigium and vertex as well as the coloration. Scopas obesus Giglio-Tos. One female. This individual fully agrees with the original description. This species is only known from Paraguay, Asuncion being the type locality. Osmilia violacea (Thunberg). Two males (December 20, 1901 and February 20, 1903), and one female. Recorded from Asuncion and Colonia Risso in Paraguay by Giglio-Tos. Osmilia obliqua (Thunberg). One female (July 26, rgor). Recorded from Asuncion by Giglio-Tos, and also from Re- sistencia nel Chaco, Tala and San Lorenzo in Argentina, and San Francisco and Caiza in the Bolivian Chaco. ‘Thunberg’s original specimen was from Brazil, and the Stockholm Museum contains Rio Janeiro material mentioned by Stal. Family. TETTIGONIDA. Isophya borellii Giglio-Tos. One male (January 18, 1903). This species has previously been recorded from Asuncion, Paraguay, and Santa Rosa, Salta, Argentina. Hyperophora angustipennis Brunner. One male (March 19, 1903), one female (March 20, 1902). This species has been recorded from Salta and Cordoba provinces, Argentina. Family GRYLLIDA. Eneoptera surinamensis (De Geer). One male (March 4, 1903), two females (May 9 and Novem- ber 8, 1903). Previously recorded from Guiana, Brazil and Peru. Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 43 On the Habits of Two Ichneumonid Parasites of the Bee Ceratina Dupla Say. By S. GRAENICHER, Milwaukee, Wis. During the summer of 1903 eggs and larvee of an Ichneu- monid were noticed in several nests of Cevatina dupla, a rather common bee in our region. I was thus enabled to study the life history of this parasite, and to obtain a number of mature insects, the latter emerging in the spring of the following year. Last summer while examining some nests of Ceratina dup/a in search of additional material, asecond Ichneumonid was found passing its larval stage in the nest of the bee, and of this spec- ies also mature insects were bred. These two Ichneumonids were sent to Mr. Henry L. Viereck, of Philadelphia, for identifi- cation, with the result that one of them was recognized as Grotea anguina Cress., while the other proved to be a new species, which Mr. Viereck has named and described as Haéd- rocryptus grenicheri (ENT. NEwS, Vol. XV, p. 333-) My sincere thanks are due to Mr. Viereck for his kind assistance in this matter. To my knowledge no Ichneumonide have as yet been reported from the nests of bees. Besides, one of the parasites under consideration, Gvotea anguina, is still the more remark- able from the fact that its larva, during a certain period of its development, leads the life of a vegetarian, subsisting for a few days on the mixture of pollen and nectar, the so-called bee- bread stored away by the bee. In regard to the habits of the Ichneumonide, Sharp (The Cambridge Natural History, Vol. V, p. 557, 1895) makes the following statement: ‘‘ Although the Ichneumonide are perhaps the most purely carnivorous of all the great families of Hymenoptera, there is nevertheless reason for supposing that some of them can be nourished with vegetable substances during a part at any rate of the larval existence, Giraud & Cameron (Ent. Month. Mag. XIII, 1879, p- 200) having recorded observations that lead to the conclu- sion that some species of the genus Pimp/a may inhabit galls and live on the substance, or juices thereof.’’ It is interesting to note that our species Grotea anguina, whose larva during a 44 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., ’o05 part of its life feeds on vegetable matter, is also a representa- tive of the Ichneumonid subfamily Pimplinz, while Hadro- cryptus grenicheri, the second parasite to be considered in this paper, belongs to the subfamily Cryptinz. Before dealing with the habits of these parasites, I prefer to briefly consider the habits of the bee Cevatina dupla, as observed in our surroundings. Both sexes pass the winter together in hollow stems, and copulate in the spring, but not very early. Last season (1904), which was an exceedingly late one, they were seen copulating on the flowers of the dandelion on May 19th and 2oth, although some bees of other genera (Az- drena and Hfalictus) were preparing their nests already at the end of April. In this same locality the Cevatina bees did not take up the work with their nests until about June 14th. The pithy stems of various plants are hollowed out, sometimes toa considerable depth, and cell after cell is furnished with the food supply and an egg, each cell being separated from its neigh- bors by a partition of its particles. Around the beginning of Augtist the first young bees appear in the cells at the bottom of the nest, and these have to wait, as Comstock has observed, until all the others above them (sometimes 15 or more) have emerged, whereupon the whole family is led out of the nest by the mother bee. ‘This does not take place before the second half of August or even the beginning of September. Com- stock witnessed two broods in his surroundings, but in our region I have never seen these bees produce more than one brood. Grotea anguina Cress. Altogether 16 nests of Ceratina dupla containing either the eggs or the recently hatched larve of the parasite Grotea anguina were obtained. The eggs of parasitic insects are often remarkable on account of their small size, and in this particular case the difference in size between the egg of the parasite and that of the bee is at once noticeable. ‘The egg of the latter is about 2% mm. long and 1 mm. broad, while that of Gvotea anguina hardly reaches more than one-half of the length and one-fourth of the breadth of the bee’s egg. Asa rule the egg of the parasite is placed Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 45 lengthwise on top of the egg of the bee. The larva of the parasite may emerge earlier or a trifle later than the bee larva, but in either case it proceeds to suck the contents of the egg or of the young larva of the bee, mostly securing a hold on the anterior part. Within a short time a shrivelling of the egg or larva may be observed, and at the end of about 24 hours the auterior portion has been emptied of its contents. Thereupon the parasite turns around, and empties the remaining portion, so that at the expiration of 2 days on the average only the dry remains of the egg or larva of the bee are visible. The para- sitic larva now takes up a position on the bee-bread and feeds on this for the next 3 or 4 days as eagerly as if it were a bee larva. It thereby increases considerably in size, and then forces its way through the partition into a neighboring cell, sooner or later killing and eating up the bee larva of this cell. It usually invades a third cell, also destroying the resident of the latter, and sometimes even a fourth cell is entered with the same result. At the age of 13 or 14 days the parasitic larva is full grown, measuring from 12 to 14 mm. in length, and it then begins to spin a cocoon. At first the pith particles, remains of destroyed bee larvee, pieces of bee-bread, etc., are cleared out of the way for a length of 3 or 4 cm. so as to make room for the future cocoon, -This having been done, a solid, hard partition is spun at the upper end of the canal, and one placed at the lower end. ‘These are very resistent, and protect the larve from attacks coming from above or below. The chamber between these two plug-like partitions is furnished with a lining of a thin white membrane, the larva finally deposits its excreta at the lower end of the chamber, and lives throughout the winter as a ‘‘resting larva.’’ In the spring pupation takes place, and the mature insect comes out in time to deposit its eggs in the nests of Ceratina dupla. From the larve kept in a heated room throughout the winter 53 and 6@specimens of Grotea anguina were obtained, the earliest one, a ¢ , emerging on March gth, and the latest one, aQ,on May 23rd. ‘These insects appeared for good reasons earlier than those hibernating under natural conditions. As a rule the egg of this parasite is deposited in the lowest 46 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., ’o5 cell of the nest, less frequently in the next lowest, but occa- sionally also higher up. In the majority of the nests one cell only contains a parasitic egg, although in 4 out of the 16 nests 2 cells were infested. One nest, collected July 27th, 1903, was kept under observation with especial interest, as it contained 2 parasitic eggs on the egg of the bee in the lowest cell, and in addition to this a parasitic egg on the bee’s egg in the adjoin- ing cell. One of the parasitic larvee in the lowest cell killed the other one, it then pursued the usual course of eating up the bee’s egg and feeding on bee-bread; and then entered the next cell and there destroyed the somewhat smaller parasitic larva. ‘This occurrence shows that the larva of this parasite instinctively attacks any other larva it may come in contact with inside of the nest. The normal position of the egg of the parasite is on top of the bee’s egg, but in two instances it was placed some distance ~ from the latter on the bee-bread. ‘This, however, did not interfere with the development of the parasite in either case, as the young larva crawled around until it reached the egg of the bee. ' Habrocryptus grenicheri Vier. On June 23, 1904, a Ceratina nest was found with a cell containing the small eggs of a parasite on the top of the bee’s egg. Thisegg resembled rather closely that of Grotea anguina, and it was thought to belong to that species until the larva made itsappearance. The form of the latter, as also its habits made it clear that we were dealing with some other parasite. Later on 5 additional nests with the eggs of this parasite, Flabrocryptus grenichert, were obtained, the last one on July 4th. In size and form the egg of this species agrees with that of Grotea anguina, although it is a trifle smaller and somewhat more pointed behind. It produces a cylindrical larva with a large head and distinctly constricted segments, quite different from the more elliptical larva of Grotea anguina with a small head and without constricted segments. The feeding habits of the larva of this Habrocryptus are peculiar. It moves around on the egg and later on the young larva of the bee, now and then sucking superficially, but without inflicting any damage Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 47 to the egg or the larva, and evidently obtaining a small amount of food, as is shown by its very slow growth. ‘These sucking movements are performed in a characteristic manner. The parasite brings its mouth-parts in contact with the surface of the egg or the young larva, and sucks for a few moments, whereupon it releases its hold with a jerky upward movement of the head and crawls forward a short distance to repeat the same performance. As already stated, the bee’s egg shows no ill effects whatever, it produces a normal bee larva, and the latter partakes of its food-supply, and thrives as well as any other bee larva. A remarkable feature is the tolerance displayed by the bee larva towards the small parasite crawling around on its body and sapping its juices. The bee larva keeps on feeding and does not seem to be inconvenienced in the least by the pres- ence of the parasite. On one occasion the latter was observed to take up a position on the side and within easy reach of the mandibles of the bee larva. It might have been destroyed with but little effort on the part of the bee larva, but nothing of the kind happened. ’ The parasitic larva increases very gradually in size, especi- ally during the first 4 or 5 days of its life, but at the age of about 8 days it makes a serious attack on the half grown Cera- tina larva, killing it, and sucking its contents. This brings about a rapid growth of the parasite. It soon invades a neighboring cell, destroys the bee larva therein, and occasion- ally raids 3 or 4 cells in thesame way. At theage of about 13 days it is ready to spin its cocoon, and for this purpose it makes use of the space occupied by 2 or 3 of the broken up cells. The cocoon is hurriedly and lightly constructed, and is not protected by any plug-like partitions as in the case of Gro/ea anguina. About 6 days later pupation takes place, and at the end of 11 more days the perfect insect emerges. So that the entire development from the appearance of the larva to that of the imago is accomplished within 30 days on the average. From the 6 nests under observation 4 perfect insects were bred. REVIEW. Although these two parasites represent two distinct types of Ichneumonide, one being a Pimpline and the other a Cryfiine, 48 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., ’05 they both adopt the same method of depositing their eggs on the egg of their host Cevatina dupla. But in the development of the larva at the expense of the egg or larva of the bee, each of them pursues a different course. The larva of Grotea anguina first increases its size by taking up the contents of the egg or young larva of the bee, but it is still rather small and feeds for several days on pollen and nectar before undertaking the task of breaking through the partition into a neighboring cell in search of a bee larva for food. It starts out as a carni- vorous larva, thereupon it passes over to the diet of a vege- tarian, and finally returns to carnivorous habits. Habrocyptus grenicheri, on the other hand, does not destroy the egg of the bee, and furthermore it spares the life of the bee larva until the latter has reached a considerable size. During more than one- half of its larval existence it partakes of a very small amount of food, derived superficially from the egg or the larva of the host, and it grows extremely slowly. But finally, by killing the bee larva and feeding on its contents it enters a period of rapid growth, and later on it invades one or more of the bee cells in pursuit of prey in exactly the same manner as does the larva of Grotea anguina. ‘The time necessary to complete the growth of the larva is about the same in either of the species, being 12 or 13 days, but in the later development there is a great differ- ence between the two. After completing its cocoon, the larva of Grotea anguina remains as a so-called resting larva in a state of inactivity until the spring of the following year, when it pupates, and appears as a mature insect at about the time the Ceratina bees start to build their nests. During this entire period, lasting at least 10 months, the resting larva might suffer injury from different sources (attacks of parasites, inclemency of the weather, etc.) if not properly protected, and we understand the importance of the strong defensive parti- tions erected at the upper and lower end cf the cocoon cham- ber. Furthermore, the parasite does not always deposit its egg in the lowest cell, but sometimes as high up as the 7th cell, as observed in one of the nests. In sucha case there may be several young bees emerging from the lower cells in late summer. ‘These, in order to leave the nest would have to break i: | Ee al Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 49 through the cocoon of the parasite, and thus endanger the life of the latter, if not held back by the very effective barrier of a defense partition. I have comeacross two old nests of Ceratina with an empty cocoon-chamber of the emerged parasite, and several dead Ceratina bees below the lower partition. The parasite is able to gnaw its way through the partition but the bees can not overcome such an obstacle. There is no period of a ‘‘resting larva’’ in Habrocryptus grenicherit. Very shortly after the spinning of a cocoon a pupa is formed, and 11 or 12 days later the imago makes its appearance in advance of the young Ceratina bees. No necessity exists for the construction of defense partitions at the ends of the cocoon-chamber, the later being protected by the still occupied bee-cells, and the cocoon is a simple affair, as compared with that of Grotea anguina. It takes Grotea anguina about a year to pass through its entire development, and of its habits throughout the year we are pretty wellinformed. Not so with Habrocryptus grenicheri. This parasite goes through the different stages within a month, but as to its doings and whereabouts during the remainder of the year we know nothing. ~ ‘The mode of oviposition has not been observed in either of the species, although I have repeatedly seen Gvotea anguina flying around in the neighborhood of the nests of Ceratina dupla. The ovipositor of Habrocryptus grenicheri is 3 mm. in length, and that of Gvotea anguina over 4 mm., and in both species it is strong and well developed. In the Eastern States several small Hymenopterous parasites have been bred from the nests of Cevatina dupla, but in our region the two Ichneumonids considered above are the only para- sites of this bee so far observed. It has been shown that the larva of either of these Ichneumonids is a very destructive inhabitant of the bee’s nests, always killing more than one of the bee larvze. Such a parasitic larva when full grown is longer than a cell of the Cevatina nest, and consequently it has to occupy at least two of thecells. But notwithstanding the destructive tendency of the parasites, they do not seem to occur in sufficient number to interfere materially with the frequency of Ceratina dupla. 50 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. {Feb., ’05 A List of Coleoptera. Taken on the Summit of Mt. Seward, N. Y. By C. O. HovcurTon. On June 22, 1901, the writer, accompanied by Dr. A. D. MacGillivray of Cornell University, spent a short time in col- lecting insects upon the summit of Mr. Seward, one of the highest peaks in the Adirondack Mountains.* This mountain lies ten or twelve miles to the east of Axton and rises to a height of about 4500 feet above the sea level. The sides are quite heavily wooded and in places very precipi- tous and the top is thickly studded with dwarfed spruce and balsam trees, so small that one can almost walk over the tops of them although they have attained a considerable age. The trip to this mountain was made from Axton, on the last day of our outing at that place + and owing to the roughness of the road and the difficulties in the ascent only about a half hour was available for collecting purposes at the summit; and this was about all we could endure, for the black flies (Szmzu- lium sp.) simply swarmed there and rendered collecting well nigh impossible. In all of our collecting in the low lands about Axton, although tormented a great deal by the black flies and mosquitoes, we had experienced nothing like it and I think that fully as much time was expended in trying to fight off these pests as in our collecting operations. Near the point where we reached the top and from which we did not venture far, as the trail ended there and the walk- ing was very difficult, there was an old signal station which had been made use of some time before. This was simply a tower-like frame built up to a height of perhaps 15-20 feet with poles cut from the sides of the mountain, and upon this we secured a number of the beetles listed below. Our atten- tion was chiefly directed to the collection of Coleoptera and indeed, with the exception of the black flies, but few other insects were seen. *Mt. Marcy, the highest, has an elevation of 5379 feet. +See ‘‘A List of Insects Taken in the Adirondack Mountains, New York—I.”” By Alex. MacGillivray and C. O. Houghton—ENTOMOLOGI- cAL News, Vol. XIII, 1902, p. 247. Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 51 The following list embraces only those species taken on the summit, some of which were also taken at Axton ;* when taken at both places it is so designated. The number follow- ing the name indicates the number of specimens taken on Mt. Seward. Most of the material was determined by Mr. Chas. Liebeck ; the writer is responsible for the remainder. STAPHYLINID. CLERID. Hlomatota sp., 1. Thanasimus dubius Fab., 1. Alceocharid, undetermined, 1. ) CERAMBYCID. Xantholinus cepalus Say, t. Asemum moestum Hald., 4. Tetropium cinnamopterum Kirby, I Pachyta monticola Rand., 2.t ‘Acma@ops pratensis Laich, tf. COCCINELLIDE. Harmonia picta Rand., 1. Hyperaspis bigeminata Rand., 60- 75-T CHRYSOMELID. CUCUJIDA. Galerucella decora Say, ET Lemophieus convexulus Lec., 1. Disonycha pennsylvanica Ill, 1. CRYPTOPHAGID. MELANDRYID. Cryplophagus sp., 3. Xylita levigata Hellw., 1. ELATERIDZ. OEDEMERIDZ.. Elater socer Lec., 2. Asclera puncticollis Say, 2. ~ nigricans Germ., I. 5 CEPHALOID Agriotes limosus Lec., 1.$ : haloon lepturid. Nene Limonius pectoralis Lec., 9. feephaioon Kegon’ Newt, 4.5 Corymbites spinosus Lec., 1. CURCULIONID. 4 appressus Rand., I. Apion wailshit Smith, 1. BUPRESTID&. eee atte eee Dicerca divaricata Say, 1.4 Pityophthorus materiarius Fitch, t. “ sparsus Lec., I. MALACHID#. Xyleborus celatus Eich., 1. Attalus nigrelius Lec., 1. Polygraphus rufipennis Kirby, 6. Mr. and Mrs. E. B. Williamson, of Bluffton, Indiana, left home on December 31 for Guatemala, where they will collect insects. Mr. Will- iamson, who is favorably known for his papers on dragon flies, will pay special attention to that group. * By an oversight, all of the species taken on Mt. Seward were included in the list of Coleoptera taken at Axton and vicinity. { These were all taken on, or close to, the old signal tower ; many others could have been secured. {Taken also at Axton. 52 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., ’o5, A New Lac-Insect. By T. D. A. CocKERELL. The lac-insects ( Zachardia) are for the most part members of the tropical fauna, and only a few species occur within the boundaries of the United States. In New Mexico 7. cornuta Ckll. has long remained unique, and I did not expect to see a second species from that region. However, one has come to hand, and from a locality in which I have collected many times, without finding it. It must be extremely local; the explanation of this fact is sufficiently evident when on boiling up the material received, I find it severely attacked both by a fungus and a chalcidid. Tachardia glomerella n. sp. Crowded on the stems of Gutierrexia glomerella Greene the indivi- duals coalescing in large numbers, but not (in the material received) en- tirely surrounding the stems; color very dark, with translucent shining orange-red rounded bosses, suggestive of guava jelly ; scales smooth and roundec, without (even when young) any distinct projection such as is seen in 7. cornuta,; female when boiled and mounted colorless, about 3 mm. long; the crimson pigment produced on boiling very abundant, making the liquid extremely dark ; caudal process yellowish-brown, only moderately chitinized, very broad basally, emitting no hairs from its apex ; dorsal excretory processes cylindrically slightly broadened to the base, colorless. Larva with antennz 6-jointed, joints 3 and 6 long (6 longest), the others short, 4 and 5 with a stout spine subapically, 6 with a similar but larger Spine at about the beginning of its last third; apex of 5 with two ex- tremely long hairs, nearly twice as long as the sixth joint. Found on the mesa near Little Mountain, Mesilla Valley, New Mexico, Oct. 6, 1904, by Dr. David Griffiths. Commu- nicated by Professor E. O. Wooton. Larger and darker than 7: cornuta, and without the protu- berance. Much darker and otherwise different from 7. /u/- gens Ckll. ; without the stripes and lateral foot-like processes of 7. fulvaradiata Ckll.. The Gutierrezia is very abundant in the Mesilla Valley. PULVINARIA FICUS Hempel.—This coccid was recorded from the West Indies by Maxwell-Lefroy, who gave measurements of the antenne and legs. An examination of the data presented shows that the species was not P. ficus at all, but P. cupanie Ckll. The true ?. ficus is known only from Brazil.—T. D. A. CoCKERELL, | Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 53 The Spreading of Sphaeridium Scarabaeoides L. By FREDERICK KNAB. This beetle is not only spreading through the Eastern States, as shown by Mr. C. O. Houghton, in the last volume of ENT. NEws, p. 310, but also to the westward. Upon a recent visit to Chicago I was suprised to see a fine series of this insect among the local captures in the collection of Mr. A. B. Wol- cott. Although Mr. Wolcott has collected industriously about Chicago for a number of years, he had never seen this species until he met it on October 9, 1904. Upon that date he captured 23 specimens and could have taken many more. The speci- mens were all found on the lake-shore embankment in the northern part of the city where they doubtless crawled after being washed ashore. They were very active and would readily take flight after running a distance of one or two inches. Mr. Wolcott also captured a single specimen on November 2, 1904, so that it would seem that the species is established about Chicago, though evidently a very recent arrival. The above specimens show considerable variation in the color-markings of _the elytra, and also in size, the specimens measuring from 4.5— 7 mm. It is an interesting feature in the spread of the species in the East that it seems to have invaded the Connecticut River valley from the southward. The writer took a single specimen near Mount Tom, Mass., in the summer of 1902, and the fol- lowing season encountered it at various points in Hamden County, Mass., while the Rev. C. Crozet had already found the species plentiful about Hartford, Conn., in rgor. <-> I should be obliged to you if you would call attention in Notes and News to the fact that I shall be glad to examine and name any Crypéoce- rate Hemiptera sent to me, except Corizxas. I am working on these groups for the North American fauna, and find it extremely difficult to get material. There is so very little known about them that even our accepted text books contain glaring errors. I should be glad to answer any queries regarding these insects. I see that my friend, Mr. G. W. Kirkaldy, implies that I might give you some information regarding the method of ‘‘ oaring’”’ in water bugs. Quoting offhand from casual observation, I would say that Ze/ostoma, Corixa and Notonecta move the hind legs together. Ranatra I have observed several times, and that curious insect paddles through the water in a very curious way. It uses the second and third pairs of legs, which it moves alternately, first one pair and then the other. It is a very slow and awkward swimmer.—J. R. DE LA TORRE BUENO, 25 Broad St., N. Y. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at out earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL News has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- ence, as to make it necessary to put “‘ copy’ into the hands of the printer, for each num- ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five “extras,” without change in form, will be given free, when they are wanted ; and this should be so stated on the MS., along with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—Epb, PHILADELPHIA, PA., FEBRUARY, 1905. If in the evolution of species there had been no breaks or gaps it would be impossible to differentiate species, and even now complete series would make it very difficult to draw lines and separations. Our tools, so to speak, for the identification of species may be divided into figures, word descriptions and types. Some very distinguished entomologists believed in the former two tools only, as they did not care to go beyond the failure or the possibilities of the tools. A carpenter may say feet and inches are fine but millimeters are of doubtful value and micromillimeters perfectly idiotic. We can sympathize with that carpenter as micromillimeters are of no value to him. Figures and more particularly words may appear equally idiotic to some entomologists because they are inadequate to describe or differentiate some of the minute differences in in- sects. In other words, in some instances the study has gone beyond the standards of measurement. When we are stranded in this way recourse must be had to types, and that is why types are becoming more and more worshipped every day. Would it not be infinitely better to wait until the tools or standards of measurement become delicate enough to measure all differences and not let the mzhz itch run away with our sound judgment? ' To make the thing clearer and perhaps to illustrate and ex- aggerate a tendency we cite the following: The celebrated mammologist, Dr. Coyote, discovers a peculiar beetle among 54 Feb., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 55 some skins and is very curious to know the species and asks an entomological friend what it is. Mr. dear Dr. Coyote the genus to which that species belongs was monographed by Dr. Lectularius, his types are in the Royal Museum at Khartoum, and it is simply impossible to identify that species from either his figures or descriptions ; you must personally examine his types. Dr. Coyote lived in New York and his father was the owner of the Metropolitan Traction Company. So the next day at 8 A. M. he started for the State of Kordofan. For the past two years I have noticed that the larve of one of our Geometrid moths, Zerene ( Cingilia) catenaria was doing considerable damage to some of our small shrubs and bushes in certain localities. On August 15, 1903, in one place within the city limits I saw quite a large area where there was scarcely anything but bayberry bushes, that had the appearance of having been swept by a fire, the leaves having been com- pletely eaten leaving nothing but the thick ribs, which had turned brown. At this time the larve were beginning to pupate, many having already done so. On July 22, 1904, in another locality, some five miles away, I found these larve in great abundance, being about half or two thirds grown. They had stripped many bushes and shrubs of their leaves ; in _this place their food was more varied ; I noticed them on bayberry, sweet fern, low blueberry, young white birch trees, and on a few young oaks. About the same time I noticed them in still another locality about mid- way between the two last; here also they were feeding on bayberry, sweet fern and to some extent on young white birch trees, and had stripped many of them.—James E. BILtson, Providence, R. I.- Notes on some Californian Buprestidae. Ry, A... G., Fax, One of the rarest and finest of the Californian Buprestides is the beautiful green Dystaxia murrayt. This species is rather widely dispersed in the southern part of the State, occuring on live oaks both on the desert and seaward sides of the mountains, but is not often taken by collectors. Imagine then the satisfaction of the writer when on a visit to Dr. F. E. Blaisdell of San Francisco, the Doctor in exhibiting his treasures opened a box containing a fine series of Dystaxias taken by himself at San Diego, from which he generously selected a set for my own collection. On placing the new specimens beside my single previous example I noticed that they were of a somewhat more brilliant green but made no further comparison at the time. Later my attention was called by Dr. Fenyes to the fact that Blaisdell’s species, of which he had just obtained specimens, did not agree with his supposed murrayt, and a very brief comparison sufficed to show that they were indeed unmistakably distinct, though superficially remarkably similar. On examining the series of Dystaxia at the National Mu- seum the past summer, the new species was found asI had anticipated, mixed with murrayz, and it is not unlikely that it stands thus in other collections. It may be briefly char- acterized by comparison with murrayz as follows : Dystaxia elegans n. sp. Very similar to murrayi in size, form, color and sculpture, but when compared more attentively the present species is seen to be slightly smaller on the average, the color a more brilliant green, the elytra widest 72 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, ’o5 more posteriorly, the fine, soft, erect, whitish pubescence of the upper sur- face a little longer and more evident. Antenne (,j‘) fully attaining the middle of the elytra, pale at base, blackish and distinctly serrate from the fifth joint, the triangular joints strongly compressed, gradually in- creasing in width to the seventh or eighth, then decreasing in width to tip, the wider joints nearly as wide as long. In the female the antennze are much shorter, not passing the humeral umbone, but the joints though narrower are proportioned nearly as in the male. In surrayi the antennz are nearly filiform in both sexes, the outer joints (5-11) very- feebly serrate, mutually equal in width and nearly three times as long as wide. There is the same sexual difference in length, and the outer joints are blackish as in elegans. In the ‘‘ Transactions,’’ 1893, p. 137, Horn describes the genus Glypioscelimorpha and takes the opportunity of present- ing the differential characters of the Schzzopint to which the genus belongs. ‘The three genera comprising the tribe are there separated as follows : Antennz slender, nearly filiform, scarcely at all serrate. Claws entire at tip, slightly thickened at base; last joint of antennz nearly one-half shorter than the tenth. . . Glyptoscelimorpha. Claws cleft at tip, last joint of antennz very little shorter than the benthic <5 as ac on tae '. . . Dystaxia. Antenne flattened, the joints 4~10 broader than long and distinctly ser- rate ; claws cleft at tip; last joint of antennz oval, longer than the tenths 5203.27 oe eee eee a ae Fae Schizopus. From the above table it would appear that a mistake had been made in referring e/egans with its flattened serrate anten- nee to Dystaxia, and that it would more properly be placed in Schizopus. Murrayt and elegans are, however, too nearly iden- tical in every feature of structure and facies, with this one ex- ception, to warrant their assignment to distinct genera. The table given by Horn must then be modified, and in so doing attention should be called to an extraordinary character, which somewhat curiously escaped both Le Conte and Horn. In Dystaxia and also in Glyptoscelimorpha the antenneze are 12- jointed ; in Schzzopus they are 11-jointed, as indeed they are in every other known genus of the Buprestide if we may de- ~ pend upon Kerremans, who so describes them without naming any exceptions in his late work on the family in Wytsman’s Genera Insectorum. These three genera may then be more properly characterized thus: i 7" 7 March, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 73 Antennz 12-jointed, attaining the middle of the elytra, at least in the male. : Claws simple, last joint of antennz two-thirds as long as the eleventh. Glyptoscelimorpha. Claws cleft at tip ; last joint of antennz barely visibly shorter than the RipreeintaS oh oe a ee eS A es Dystaxia. Antenne 11-jointed, stouter, scarcely passing the hind angles of the pro- thorax in either sex ; last joint a little longer than the tenth ; Clews Crete a Se es na hi ead Coe a Me Schizopus. The fourth and fifth joints of the antennz in Schzzopus are both longer than wide in the only specimens at hand, and not wider than long as indicated by Horn. It is pertinent to say in passing that Kerremans in the work above cited has badly bungled the characters of this group, the antennal characters of Schizopus and Dystaxia being inter- changed, while the antennz of Glyptoscelimopha are said to barely reach the middle of the pronotum. Such mistakes are especially. unfortunate in a work of such (supposedly) high authority as that of the Belgian specialist. POLYCESTA. There can be no doubt that the Texan P. e/ata, now recorded -on our lists as a variety of californica, should be restored to specific standing. The former differs from the latter quite constantly in its more obviously concave front, finely carinate median thoracic impression, slightly less obtuse hind angles of the prothorax and the less densely more unequally punc- tate intercostal interspaces of the elytra. In addition to the above differences, which were given by Le Conte, the formation of the last ventral segment is conspicuously different, being _angulate at tip in californica and lobed in elata Our third species—ve/asco—differs somewhat from both the above in the sculpture of the upper surface as heretofore de- scribed, but a more important means of separation exists in the first ventral suture. Our species are separable as below : First ventral suture broadly rather strongly posteriorly arcuate ; protho- rax with a strong median and well defined lateral impressions ; elytra strongly costate. Apex of last ventral angulate at middle, the sides of the angle scarcely SMES... eee eee californica. 74 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. (March, ’05 Apex of last ventral produced in a nearly parallel-sided lobe which is ontusely rounded ‘attipis hb ye ite elata. First ventral suture straight ; prothorax without well defined lateral im- pressions; the alternate elytral intervals only slightly more ClOEN EGS yl iia senha. Cake Ms Sha velasco. The form of the last ventral does not vary much in the sexes of californica and elata, though the apical lobe is a little less prominent in the female of the latter species. Ina male of velasco from Yuma, California, the last ventral is sinuate and subacuminate at apex; while in a female from Texas it is angulate. I unfortunately have not both sexes from the same locality. Ina female from Oak Creek Canon, Arizona, re- cently submitted by Prof. Snow, the last ventral is more acutely angulate and the elytral costae more pronounced. ‘This is pos- sibly a distinct species, but more specimens of both sexes should be seen before passing judgment. It is not possible at this time to express any opinion as to the validity of P. cavata Lec. and P. obtusa Lec. ‘The former, described from Alabama, has been placed as a synonym of e/a/a, and the latter, de- scribed from Philadelphia, is referred to velasco. os Recognition of two North American Species of Cicada Latr. By P. R. UHLER. 1. Cicada townsendii n. sp. An unusually robust form appearing to be closely related to C. monte- zuma Dist. Color of head and pronotum greenish (fading to pale tawny), marked with black ; the ground color of mesonotum and tergum brown- ish black, marked with reddish brown and greenish, the middle and sub- marginal curved lines being green and powdered with white bloom, as is also the surface beneath. Head stout, as wide as the front of pronotum, if the obliquely set eyes be included ; front tumidly prominent, black, having a pale line down the middle and a spot of the same color each side, superiorly, and a larger pale spot on the cheeks, sulcations of the cheeks obliquely and deeply grooved ; the rostrum extending behind the middle coxz, the eyes prominent. Pronotum greenish, or pale tawny -when dried, the posterior border with a greenish band and the anterior margin more narrowly greenish, a large triangular black spot ison the middle back of the front margin, and on this a short greenish, longitudi- nal line runs back a little more than half the length, each side of the black ~ <= —hae ee { March, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 75 are two uneven pale spots, followed outwardly by larger spots between the dark sutures, and nearer the sides are two long curved pale lines ; the lateral margins are broadly curved, greenish, bluntly rounded on the anterior angles and almost rectangular on the basal angles, the posterior margin is strongly curved, the sutures mostly black. Mesonotum piceous black, sometimes tinged with rufous, the middle line pale greenish or tawny, sometimes obsolete, on each side of this are two short, pale curved lines, and still further outwards two longer pale curved lines, and the lateral border usually pale, all of these lines are commonly covered with whitish bloom ; flaps behind the crux broad luniform, pale greenish, covered with bloom. Wing-covers sometimes tinged with whitish, mod- erately ovately, but not acutely rounded at tip, costal vein flat, thick, pale green, or testaceous, veins from base to end of middle series pale green, apical series dark brown, the areoles mostly large and wide, the costal areole short and wide, widest abont one-fourth from the apex,terminating in an acute triangle, basal areole five-sided, longer than wide, com- paratively long, areoles of the discoidal series long and wide, placed very moderately oblique, slightly infuscated apically, those of the apical series wide and not very long, mostly acutely triangular at base, the basal vein of the second areole strongly twice bent; areoles of the wings long, not much curved, widening apically, the second-vein forking widely towards the outer end. Underside of body greenish, tinged with piceous, or fulvous tinged with green. Exterior valves of the male white or pale greenish, sometimes dusky at base covering a little more than one-half the length of the venter, each valve obliquely narrowing on the inner border, and formed less obliquely on the outer border, overlapping a little at base. Margins of the abdominal segments pale brownish. Legs green or pale brownish, piceous at tip of tarsi, including the nails. Length to tip of abdomen 27-30 mm. Width of base of pronotum 13-14 mm. Expanse of spread wings 98-roo mm. Seven specimens, three of which were males, have been in my charge for examination. A pair of these were collected in Arizona, not far from the Mexican border, by Dr. Edward Palmer, and four others were sent to me by Mr. C. H. Tyler- Townsend, from the vicinity of Las Cruces, New Mexico. The density of white bloom upon the surface of these in- sects, particularly beneath, so hides the surface that the Bn tern of marking is almost unrecognizable. The mesonotum is particularly convex and the almost con- current high curve of the abdomen has the effect of causing the wings to appear placed at an unusually low level. Upon clearing off the bloom from one of the specimens the markings are disclosed as follows: tawny lines form two loops 76 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, ’o05 arising from the fore-margin and exterior to these, each side, is a longer loop of the same color, the crux being also pale fulvous. One male from Arizona is much smaller than any other specimen, and the valves over the drums are narrower and unsymmetrical. 2. C. grossa Fab. This species has recently been brought to light in the British Museum, where, through the courtesy of Dr. G. R. Water- house, I was permitted to examine the types of Fabricius in the collection of Sir Joseph Banks. ‘They proved to be two specimens of the large form, of which I have specimens from North Carolina, Arkansas, Texas, Kansas, New York City, northern New Jersey, Maryland and Virginia. These largest females have been taken in North Carolina, Arkansas, Texas and southern Missouri; those which I have met with in the Atlantic States north of North Carolina are in varying de-. grees smaller. When collected in alcohol, their green color becomes rusty or dark brown. ‘This last is the color to which Fabricius has given the term xiger. ‘These types were re- ported to have come from Brazil ; but no collector has thus far found the species in South America, nor has it been met with in the West Indies or Central America. Incorrect localities for species in the collections of authors of the last century have been frequently remarked, as better knowledge has accumulated. Variations in size, color and pattern of marking are, per- haps, responsible for the exaggerated synonymy which has accumulated upon this species. The synonymy stands as follows: Tettigonia grossa Fab., Ent. Syst. iv, p. 16, Syst. Rhyng. p. 33, No. 2; Cicada marginata Say, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philada. v. iv, p. 330; Cicada auletes Germar. Silbermann, Rev. Ent. v. ii, p. 65; Cicada grossa Germar. Thom, Ent. Archiv. v. ii, p. 5 ; Cicada trupsilon Walker, Brit. Mus. List. Homopt. v. i, p. 103; C. resonans Walk., Brit. Mus. List, Homopt. p. 106; C. consonans Walk., Brit. Mus. List. Homopt. p- 106; C. vibrans Walk., Brit. Mus. List. Homopt. p. 107 C. The synonyms of Mr. Walker are given on the authority of Dr. Stal, as I did not have the time to examine those speci- -” March, 05) ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 77 mens in the British Museum. I feel much doubt as to the one which is recorded as from the West Coast of America. Cer- tainly, the Pacific coast of either America would be decidedly unsuited to the nature of this insect, which lives on the roots of our forest trees in the loam of the Piedmont Belt and that of the Mississippi plateau country. * A New Species of Entomobrya. By H. J. FRANKLIN, B.Sc., : (Piate V.) Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst, Mass. Entomobrya albicollis sp. nov. To the unaided eye the adult insect appears to be very dark in color with a light band across the dorsum of the body just posterior to the head. ‘This species is very variable in its coloration in different stages, and the adults also seem to vary somewhat in this respect. The anterior portion of the body, as well as the head, seems to be very constant in its coloration, there not being a single speci- men among all the adults and young as well, which I have examined which departs very far from the typical coloration seen in the adults. The long fourth segment of the abdomen, however, may appear light brown or yellow. -~ Under the microscope, the insect has quite a different appearance, especially as regards color by reflected light from that which it has by transmitted light, By reflected light in bright sunlight the head appears light translucent brown with dark eyespots connected more or less with each other, and with the side margins by dark irregular bands. Mesothorax of same color as head but with a thick hypodermal pigmentation of pure white, anterior margin very dark. Metathorax, as well as first three segments of abdomen, with the exception of their very narrow anterior edges, dirt brown in color. Fourth segment of abdomen sordid brown with a slight tinge of blue, its anterior border marked with large, light yellow, elon- gate-oval spots the anterior ends of which coalesce more or less to form an irregular light yellow anterior margin ; fifth and sixth segments of same color as fourth, the fifth with a conspicuous light yellow spot on each side near the anterior margin—in this respect resembling Z. dico/or Guthrie. Antennz very variable, as a rule, with the first three segments ferrugine- ous, a little lighter toward the tips which are rather dark ringed ; terminal segment lighter. Legs quite constant, with femora and trochanters blue, tibize very light yellow, the anterior ones occasionally spotted somewhat with blue. Manubrium of same color as femora, lighter at distal end. Dentes very light yellow with a slight tinge of brown at the base, yellow fading out toward the apex. 78 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [March, ’05 By transmitted light, the dark band connecting the eye-patches with each other and with the margin of the head as well as the dark anterior margin of the mesothorax and all the parts of the remaing portion of the body appearing brown by reflected light become deep blue. The termi- nal segment of each antenne appears light blue by transmitted light. Antenne about three times as long as the head or one-quarter shorter than the body without head and furcula; relative length of the segments, on the average, as follows: 35, 3%, s*7, 3%- Legs slender, of about the same length as the antennz, with tibiz con- siderably longer than femora, each tibia bearing one long clavate hair near the tip. Large claw of tarsus, bearing three teeth within, all on the distal half, the one nearest the middle being much the largest, the other claw unarmed and lanceolate. Dentes, as usual, in the genus, serrate beneath. Mucrones provided with three teeth, a stout middle and distal one and a very slender basal one, all acute pointed. Each mandible with four teeth at the cutting tip and a many-toothed grinding surface. On the surface of the body as a whole there are found three kinds of hairs: first, small simple hairs which are scattered over the entire surface of the body and all the prominent appendages except the dentes and mucrones ; second, spinulose hairs which are apparently the only kind borne on the dentes and mucrones, which surround the base of the manu- brium and are found mixed with the simple hairs on its surface, and which are also very sparsely scattered over the body, legs and antennze being somewhat numerous about the bases of the latter and on the frons ; third, large hairs which appear truncate at the tip, being somewhat thickly placed on the dorsum of the body, especially of the thorax, and which are densly covered with hairs on the truncate surface and on the side of the truncation. There seems to be considerable variation, according to instar, in the relative lengths of the third and fourth segments of the abdomen. It is difficult to state the typical size of an adult of this species ; it seems, on an average, to be about 1.75 mm. inlength. I have one specimen 2.25 mm. in length. Described from nine cotypes, three of which I have retained and of the remaining six deposited three in the U. S. N. M. and three in the collection of the Massachusetts Agricultural College. ; This species has been found in considerable numbers under the bark of the Sycamore throughout the year at Amherst, Mass. The young were always present, but seemingly more abundant during August and September. During the summer of 1903, I found a large number of Ent. News, Vol. XVI. ENTOMOBRYA ALBICOLLIS FRANKLIN. Led aes “de De ae ne Si i tt a March, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 79 specimens of &. ditellaria Guthrie on a pile of lumber located beneath a clump of pine trees (Pinus rigida) in Amherst. EXPLANATION OF PLATE V. (all figures greatly enlarged). Fig. 1.—End of furcula. Fig. 2.—Ocelli of left side. Fig. 3.—One of the tarsi. Fig. 4.—Ventral aspect of the apex of the left mandible. Fig. 5.—Dorsal aspect of the distal half of the left mandible. Culex brittoni n. sp. By E. P. FELT. Culex brittoni n. sp —Female.—Probscis over half the length of the body, dark brown, minutely flecked with gray scales, apex yellowish gray. Palpi distinct, 5-segmented, basal two subglobular, the first very dark brown, the second brown, both sparsely clothed with hairs ; third to fourth thickly clothed with scales and ornamented with rather sparse, long hairs ; third joint yellowish, fourth and fifth dark brown, the latter yellowish at apex. Antennz filiform, dark brown, rather thickly clothed with short, grayish hairs and with sparse, basal whorls of long sete. Eyes dark brown or black, rather coarsely granulate. Occiput rather sparsely clothed with short, curved, yellowish scales and with numerous long, curved, black fork scales. Mesonotum with a pair of subdorsal, light brown, naked stripes extending to the posterior third, the median line and the lateral areas and posterior portions being dark brown and clothed with sparse, long, black bristles and numerous finer, golden yel- low ones. Laterally there area few longer, yellow bristles. Scutellum grayish, sparsely clothed with light golden yellow, curved scales, a few longer ones posteriorly, and its posterior margin crowned centrally and laterally with long, black setz, those on the sides forming distinct groups ; patches of similar setz occur at the base of the wings. Metanotum yel- lowish, smooth. Halteres yellowish, transparent. Abdomen clothed with very dark brown, almost black scales with distinct basal bands of yellowish white scales, those of the second and following segments being slightly broader than the others. Ventral surface of abdomen yellowish. Wings rather large, venation distinct, scales very thick, brownish, almost black along the costal margin, fringe slaty gray. Petiole of anterior fork cell about one-half its length, that of the posterior fork cell shorter and a little over half the length of its cell. Posterior cross vein about its own length from mid cross vein. Basal third of the third longitudinal vein with most of the linear scales appressed. Outer portion of fringe com- posed of scales of several lengths, giving a distinctly uneven border. Coxz and basal portion of femora yellowish white, the posterior portion 80 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. (March, ’05 of apical part of femora, the apex and posterior portion of tibize, its apex and posterior portion of the first tarsal segment, its apex and base of second and the apices of the third and fourth silvery yellowish ; other parts dark brown. Tarsal claws simple. Length of body about 5 mm., wing spread about ro mm. Described from a single well marked specimen taken by Mr. H. L. Viereck, at Branford, Conn., June 27, 1904. This species presents a somewhat general resemblance to Culicada cantator Coq. It may be at once separated therefrom by the simple claws and the peculiar character of the wing fringe as noted above. It is also a much more distinctly marked species. 121 Jeheber—Observations on Papilio tur- Doings of Societies .............2---.-0- 121 Alpheus Spring Packard, M.D., Ph.D. (Plate V1.) Prof. Alpheus Spring Packard, M.D., Ph.D., died on Febru- ary 14, 1905. He was born in Brunswick, Maine, in 1839, and was graduated from Bowdoin College in 1861. He occu- pied many important scientific positions, being one of the founders and for twenty years editor-in-chief of the American Naturalist. In 1865 he became librarian and custodian of -the Boston Society of Natural History, was curator of the Essex Institute and in 1867 became curator and afterward director of the Peabody Academy of Sciences... From 1877 to 1882 he was a member of the United States Entomological Commission. At one time he was State: Entomologist of Massachusetts. He was a corresponding or honorary member of a number of Euro- pean Scientific Societies and was elected a correspondent of the American Entomological Society in 1861. He occupied the chair of Zoology and Geology at Brown University from 1878 to his death. Dr. Packard wasa prolific writer and was known to all entomologists through the work ‘‘ Guide to the Study of In- 97 98 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’o5 sects.’’ He filled an important place in American Entomology and his work was of great value as may be known from the fol- lowing list of his more important contributions : A Text Book of Entomology, 1898 ; Cave Fauna of North America ; Guide to the Study of Insects, 1869 ; Insects Injurious to Forest and Shade Trees; Monograph of the Geometrid: Moths, 1876; Monograph of the Bombycine Moths, 1895 ; the Humble-bees of New England and their Parasites, 1864. He was the author of more than sixty important papers on the subject of insects but did not confine his work solely to this branch of zoology. Dr. Packard may be said to have belonged to the second generation of distinguished American entomologists which includes LeConte, Riley, Horn, Scudder and Cresson. We give an excellent likeness of Prof. Packard from a photo- graph lately presented by him to the American Entomological Society. The Blaise ai Montene By CHARLES STEVENSON, Montreal, Que. The bringing to me of a beautiful green cockroach by a friend on the 9th April, 1904, aroused my interest in this group, so [tried to find how many species could be found in Montreal. The following list is the result of the observations made during the last season : 1. Blattella germanica Linn., the ‘‘croton bug,’’ very common. 2. Nyctibora sericea Burm., imported with bananas. 3. ng ? one immature specimen introduced with bananas. 4. Blatta orientalis Linn., the ‘‘ oriental roach,’’ common. 5. Periplaneta americana Linn., the ‘‘ American roach,”’ rare. 6. ys australasi@g Fab., rare. ; 7. Panchlora viridis Burm., rare, evidently imported with tropical fruits. A specimen was captured in Winnipeg, Man., which was traced to a shipment of goods from Montreal, anda specimen was given me that was caught in the city of Quebec. So far I have been unable to find a native field species and my fellow entomologists do not remember seeing any in their grubbing expeditions. : April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 99 Notes from a Diary Made During a Collecting Trip to the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Utah. By PuHiILiep LAURENT. In company with Dr. Henry Skinner I left Philadelphia on Sunday morning, June 25,1899. Our train pulled out of Broad Street Station at 8.50. Our first stopping place was Chicago, which we reached about 10 o’clock Monday morning. Here we were joined by the third member of our party, Prof. A. J. Snyder. After twelve hours spent in Chicago, during which time we had the pleasure of meeting Mr. Healy and Mr. Long- ley, both enthusiastic entomologists, we again boarded the train and were once more on our way to the West. Denver was reached about ten o’clock Wednesday morning. ‘The first glimpse of the snow-capped peaks of the Rocky Mountains was to be had from our train about two hours before reaching Den- ver. The two or three spare hours that we had in Denver were spent in looking around the city, and in a hasty glance at the fine collection of Lepidoptera belonging to Mr. J. T. Mason. Denver is a very clean and pretty city, and we would have _ liked to have lingered here a day or two, but we were anxious to reach our goal or collecting grounds, and so at or about one o’clock in the afternoon we again boarded the train which two hours later landed us at Colorado Springs. However, we did not stay at the Springs, but entering a trolley car a short. ride of twenty minutes landed us at Manitou, at the base of Pike’s Peak. At last, after traveling for three and a half days we were able to commence our entomological work. We had no trouble in securing accommodations at Manitou, for the town for the most part, is composed of boarding houses and small hotels. Of all the places that we visited while on our Western trip none impressed me so favorably as Manitou, for its attractions are many and varied. ‘There are numerous walks and drives, and the medicinal quality of its soda and iron springs is known far and wide; while the ride on the Cog Wheel R. R. to the top of Pike’s Peak is one that he who has taken it will never forget. On the 29th we made the trip to the top of the Peak, but found but little collecting, as the crest of the Peak, 100 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’05 for several hundred feet down its sides, consists of noth- ing but rocks and large boulders ; while the crevices in many cases are packed with snow. At the time of our arrival at the top of the Peak—which was about 11.30 in the morning—the thermometer registered 52 degrees, while at Manitou, some 8,000 feet below us, it was high in the eighties. On our way - down from the ‘‘ Peak’’ we stopped off at the ‘‘ Half Way House’ and spent several hours collecting in Dark Canon, the entrance to which is directly back of the house. Having been so well pleased with our collecting in Dark ~Canon yesterday, to-day (Friday, June 30th) we concluded to go up again. We Started about 7 o’clock, collecting as we slowly went along, and after three hours of very hard work at last reached our destination. The ‘‘ Half Way House’? is about three thousand feet above Manitou, and the ascent is about 1,000 feet to the mile, so that the task of walking up is no child’s play, particularly to one who is not accustomed to this kind of exercise. However, it is nothing unusual for par- ties to walk the entire distance to the top of the Peak in one day, and had we remained longer at Manitou I have no doubt that we also would have accomplished the feat. This morning (Saturday, July 1st) we packed up our ‘‘duds,”’ and bidding farewell to Manitou and Pike’s Peak, we boarded a trolley car and were soon over at the station at Colorado Springs. Our train left at 10.55, and soon we were dashing along on our way to Salt Lake City. The ride through the Royal Gorge and over the Divide was one that I shall never forget, but I shall not attempt to describe it, as words would fail me and I would consume too much of your valuable time ; besides, I have no photographs with which to back up my assertions. On Sunday July 2nd, shortly after noon, our train arrived at Salt Lake City, just two hours behind time. After securing accomodations and looking after our baggage, we found it was too late to do any more daylight collecting that day. ‘The next day found us up bright and early and off to Fort Doug- lass, which is situated a short distance from the mouth of Red Butte Canon. The collecting in the fields around the fort was April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 101 very good, particularly for Lepidoptera, which were attracted by the flowers of the alfalfa, a plant which here in the West takes the place of our red-clover in the East. Up the Red Butte Canon we also found very good collecting, not only for Lepidoptera but also in some of the other orders of insects. Tuesday, July 4th, found us in the City Creek Canon, and although we started to collect from the very mouth of the. canon, yet it was not until we had traveled up the canon for a distance of about three miles that we found good collecting ; in fact, it seemed as though insect life increased as we got farther and farther up the canon. It was here in City Creek Canon that we found Papilio daunus, P. rutulus, and P. eury- medon sO very common, that at last we. paid no attention to them, unless it was to ‘‘scoop’’ in a Papilio daunus that happened to come our way. Wednesday, July 5th, again found us up City Creek Canon, as we could not resist the temptation to pay another visit to this interesting collecting ground. This might be called ‘‘Rat- tle-snake Day’’ as the Professor and the Doctor captured the only rattler that I saw during the entire trip, though the Pro- fessor saw two large ones in the same place shortly after I left Utah. Thursday morning, July 6th, found all three of us a little foot-sore, so we concluded to hire a team to take us up the canon to a point about seven miles above the entrance, known as the ‘‘ Forks,’’ and then work our way down. We secured a team, but not such a one as you would expect the President of the United States to take when going toa reception. The seats consisted of boards with the splintery side up, and we had traveled but a few miles before we were made painfully aware of the fact. To sum it up in a few words, our rig resem- bled a cross between a buck-board and a lumber-wagon. However, we at last reached our destination, and as it was our last day to collect in this vicinity, and wishing to make the best of it, we at once started in, working our way down the canon, collecting as we slowly went along. Friday, July 7th, we were up at the break of day, as we had made arrangements with a party the night before to convey us 102 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’05 to Silver Lake, at the head of the Big Cottonwood Canon. We waited, and waited’ patiently for our team to appear, but when at last the morning hours had passed by and no sign of man or team, we concluded that there were liars in Salt Lake City almost as bad as some that we have in Philadelphia. That night we hunted up another party, who promised to be on hand the next morning to convey us to our longed-for col- lecting grounds up in the Wasatch Mountains. .True to his word, early the next morning, our man with his team put in an appearance, and soon we were on our way to the head of the Big Cottonwood Canon. The ride up the canon is a very fine one, the beauty and grandeur of the scenery increasing as we travel onward and upward. Tate in the afternoon we arrived at Silver Lake, and after the rough ride of some thirty-one miles we were naturally - tired, so after preparing our supper, unpacking our bags and boxes, we turned in for the night. The morning of the roth found all three of us up shortly after daybreak, and down by the lake trying to catch a mess of fish for breakfast, but after fishing for an hour with only three small fingerlings to show as the result of our efforts, we concluded that ham and eggs were good enough for breakfast. The inner man having been satisfied, we gathered up our col- lecting paraphernalia and were soon on our way to the top of one of the numerous peaks that surrounded our camp, ‘The greater part of the day was cloudy, but nevertheless we man- aged to secure a number of desirable specimens, of not only butterflies but also beetles and other insects. Thusday, July 11th, was moving day for the ‘‘ bug hunters,”’ as the arrival of our host’s family made it necessary for us to vacate the shack, and so to speak, ‘‘ take to the woods,’’ ‘Two comfortable tents on the edge of the woods, however, afforded us all the protection that was necessary. Moving over, and our ‘‘duffle’’ arranged, we were off again to collect. The Professor spent the day on one of the near-by peaks, while the Doctor and myself followed the road down the canon. In the evening on comparing our captures, we found, as we had expected, that the catch made by the Doctor and myself dif- vs ~ a ote 3 oe April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 103 fered entirely from that made by the Professor some seven hundred feet above us. Wednesday, July 12th, all three of us visited the peak where the Professor had collected the day before, but towards noon I left the Doctor and the Professor and descended to the shore of Silver Lake, where I spent the afternoon in search of such Coleoptera as are found under stones, logs, rubbish, etc. It was the first time since our arrival in the West that I found Coleoptera in paying numbers, and before darkness put a stop to my work I had collected some 200 desirable specimens ; as might be supposed, mostly Carabide. Thursday, July 13th, again found us on our way up the mountain side, but on towards eleven o’clock the distant thun- der coupled with the black clouds over Mt. Millicent warned us that a thunderstorm was approaching, so leaving the Pro- fessor to watch for any buttterflies that might be foolish enough to venture out during a thunderstorm, the Doctor and myself returned to camp. At one o’clock, as the weather was still threatening, the Doctor and I concluded to climb up to Twin * Lakes and try for a mess of trout. The climb, or steep walk as it might be called, was not a hard or long one, and soon we were standing at the outlet to the lakes looking down at trout enough to feed a dozen hungry men, but the rascals would take neither fly nor bait. It is hardly necessary to state that, as usual, our breakfast the next morning consisted of the omnipresent ham and eggs. The next day, Friday, July 14th, was the first real bright day that we had had since our arrival at the head of the Big Cot- tonwood, and the result was that we took more specimens than in any previous two days puttogether. But, nevertheless, we were not to occupy a dry tent that night, for about seven o’clock in the evening our daily thunderstorm—to which we had now become accustomed—put in its appearance, and for about an hour the rain came down in torrents. The morning of the 15th dawned bright and clear, but everything was wet from the rain of the night before, so that it was almost to o’clock before the vegetation was dry enough to permit us to do any successful work in the way of collecting. 104 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’05 July the 16th, and the last day for the Doctor and myself to do any more collecting at Silver Lake, had every appearance of being a rainy day. It was certainly not a day for butter- flies, so leaving the Professor and the Doctor in camp waiting for the sun to appear so that they might resume their butter- fly collecting, I started off in search of Coleoptera, with the result that when night came I found I had in the neighbor- hood of 250 specimens for the day’s work. The morning of the 17th found the Doctor and myself on our way back to Salt Lake City, leaving the Professor behind to continue his entomological labors. We arrived at Salt Lake City about four o’clock the same afternoon, and as neither of us had enjoyed such a thing as a bath or even a good wash for eight days, we concluded to stay over in Salt Lake City until the next day and clean up. A shave, hair cut, and a bath, and once more we commenced to feel like civilized men. Our tickets and baggage looked after, and at 6.40 Tuesday even- ing we left for our homes in the East. At 8 o’clock Thursday evening we arrived at Chicago. A trip out to Ferris Wheel Park and a ride on the Ferris wheel, and at 11.30 we were again on our way. However, had it not been for two pairs of very lively legs we never would have made that 11.30 train, for the prevaricator of the truth who . manipulates the Ferris wheel informed us that it would take about twenty minutes to make the trip in the wheel, instead of which it took us just exactly forty. We arrived at Pittsburg the next evening about seven o’clock and after securing accommodations and making a few small purchases we retired for the night. The next morning, Saturday, July 22d, we went in search of Dr. Holland and his collection of butterflies, but soon found out that the Doctor was out of tewn, and consequently did not see the Holland collection. As this was our only object in stopping off at Pittsburg, we were very much disappointed ; for aside from smoke and soot, the Carnegie Institute and the Zoological Garden we saw but little else in Pittsburg to inter- est us. Saturday evening at 8.30 again found us on the train, our a sans April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 105 next stopping place to be Philadelphia, providing everything went well with us. We were not disappointed, and at seven o’clock Sunday morning, July 23rd, our train arrived at Broad Street Station. And thus ended a short but interesting collect- ing trip to the Rocky Mountains. A Bibliography of Entomological Glossaries. By AtEc. ARSENE GIRAULT. The list of glossaries following is given upon request, and comprises those consulted in the preparation of an entomoio- gical dictionary. This is to such a degree incomplete that its publication, even within three or four years, is doubtful, and hence, knowing the need now felt for works of this nature, the bibliography herewith given has been prepared. The meagreness of the list readily shows under what diffi- culties the present-day entomologist is laboring in regard to the language of his science. Vocabularies are unknown, and the glossaries now existing are very incomplete and imperfect, the Jargest and best being but an imperfect compilation of those preceding. No attempt has as yet been made to define terms with that accuracy, nicety and invariability so essential in scientific language. The Standard Dictionary (Funk and Wagnall’s Company, N. Y.) is at present indispensable ; the entomological terms have been defined by Dr. L. O. Howard. Its bulk is a great draw-back, but it is “ke authority on general entomological terms. A rather useful paper has been published in the Pro- ceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 3rd series, Zoology, I, pp. 115-143, on Scientific Names of Latin and Greek Derivation, by W. Miller. Other general zoological and physiological terms, not generally given in entomological glossaries, may be found in works on those subjects, including also works on evolution. A few of these are given in a sup- plementary list, but no attempt has been made to list anything like all of them. The Bibliography of Entomological glossaries follows. 106 1826. 1832. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, ’05 Kirby, W. and Wm. Spence. Orismology, or explanation of terms. (Intro. to Entom., IV, pp. 257-354-) Containing an explanation of 977 terms, with useful rules for their use. Apparently the oldest glossary ; valuable. Burmeister, H. C. C. Orismology. Its Definition and Compass. (Manual of Entomology, pp. 5-113, pls.; also cf. pp. 624-632. Translation’ by W. E. Shuckard, London, 1836. Vol. I, Handbuch der Entomologie, Berlin, 1832.) A most complete and important review of the subject to date ; invaluable.- Definitions of all of the terms then in use are given, with valuable criticisms, and also references to scattered papers containing the original definitions of many terms. These references are not included in this list, because of their nature. In order to make Burmeister’s references more full, and to add to this list, mention may be made of the following, though not strictly glossaries: 1767. Linnzus, C. Fundamenta Entomologize. Later translated by Wm. Curtis (1772.) 1772. Curtis, Wm. Fundamenta Entomologiz ; or an introduction to the knowledge of insects. London, 1772. A translation of Linnaeus. 1778. Fabricius, J. C. Philosophia entomologica sistens scientiz fundamenta adjectis definitionibus, exemplis, observationibus, adumbrationibus. Hamburg, 1778. 1788. Vandelli, D. Diccionario dos termos technicos de Historia Naturel. Coimbro, 1788. 1788. Schmiedlein, G. B. Insectologische Terminologie oder Grundbegriff der Insectenlehre. Leipzig, 1788. 1790. Borkhausen, M. B. Versuch einer erklarung der Zoologi- schen Terminologie. Ein Handbuch Zum Gebrauch derer, welche die Zoologie studiren wollen. Frankfurt, 1790. 1795. Moeller, C. H. Lexicon Entomologicum oder Entomologisches Worterbuch, in welchem alle diese Wissenschaft einschlagende Begriffe und die in den Linneischen und Fabrizischen Schrif- ten vorkommenden Termologien iibersetzt, erklart, and mit Beispielen nach beiden Systemens erlautert werden. Erfurt, 1795. 1829, Anon. Description and History of some of the principal Brit- ish Insects. Terminology. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1829, t. I., pp. 421-424, fig. 1832. Helfer, J. W. Terminologie Entomologica. Dissert. inaug. 1859. Ticini Regii, 1832. Say, Thomas. Complete Writings on the Entomology of N. A. (New York, 1859. LeConte edition, 1, pp. 123-160.) Defines about 775 descriptive terms ; valuable. 1860. Mueller, Julius. Terminologia Entomologica. Brinn, 1860. April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 107 1867. 1878. 1879. 1881. 188r. 1883. 1886. 1888. 1889. 18go. 1897. IgOI. Anon. Glossary. (Amer. Naturalist, 1, pp. 681-868. ) 550 words used in natural science. Strecker, Herman. Synonym. Cat. of the Macrolepidoptera of N. A. (Reading, Pa., B. F. Owens. Pp. 35-45.) An explanation of 450 Lepidopterous terms. Good. Brooklyn Entomological Society. Explanation of Terms used in Entomology. (Bull. Brook. Entom. Soc., June 1879. Repr., Brooklyn, New York, 1883. 38 pp.) Contains 1450 definitions of descriptive terms, compiled from pre- vious glossaries. The only working glossary extant, and although very much out of date, very valuable. A revised edition is now in preparation. Ormerod, E. A. Manual of Injurious Insects. (London, Simp- kin, Marshall & Co. Pp. 315-316.) 49 general terms. Thomas, C. Descriptive Catalogue of Larvz. (roth Rep. State Ent. IIl., in Trans. Dept. Agr. Ill., 1881. Appendix, pp. 60-62). I5 terms used in describing larve. Packard, A. S. Guide to the Study of Insects. (8th edition, New York, Henry Holt & Co. Pp. 685-686.) 155 general terms. : French, G. H. The Butterflies of the Eastern U.S. (Philadel- phia, J. B. Lippincott & Co. Pp. 389-396.) Good definitions of 240 Rhopalocerous terms. Fernald, C. H. The Orthoptera of New England. (Boston, Mass. Pp. 55-56.) 48 general Orthopterous terms. Packard, A. S. Entomology for Beginners. (New York, Henry Holt & Co., 1889. Pp. 337-354. 2nd edit., 1892.) Good definitions of 482 terms. Ormerod, E. A. Manual of Injurious Insects. 2nd edit., Lon- don, 1890, Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co Pp. 397-380. The same as edition 1. Lugger, O. The Orthoptera of Minnesota. (Bull. No. 55, Minn. Agr. Exp. Sta., pp. 366-375.) Good simple definitions of 346 Orthopterous terms. Dickerson, M. C. Moths and Butterflies. (Boston, Mass., Ginn & Co. Pp. 333-335.) 49 general anatomical and physiological terms. As a list supplementary to this, mention may be made of the following : Packard, A. S. Zodlogy. Amer. Sci. Ser. (brief course,) New York, Henry Holt & Co., 1885. Pp. 317-322. 108 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, ’05 Holder, C. F., and J. B. Holder. Elements of Zodlogy. Apple- ton’s Sci. Text-books, New York, D. Appleton & Co., 1884. Pp. 373-375. Darwin’s Origin of Species. 6th revised edition., London, 1889. Bailey, L. H. The Survival of the Unlike. New York, The MacMillan Co., 1896. Apgar, A. Glossary of Molluscan Terms. Jour. N. Jersey Nat. Hist. Soc., January, 1891. P. 155. Jackson’s Glossary of Botanical Terms. Philadelphia, Pa. Very complete. : Asa Gray’s Botany, revised edition. — All of these contain glossaries, which have more or less indirect bearing on general entomology. Jackson’s ‘‘ A Glos- sary of Botanical Terms,’’ especially, will prove useful. For definitions of terms not contained in glossaries, see Comstock and Kellogg, ‘‘ Elements of Insect Anatomy ’’ ; Packard’s, ‘‘A Text-book of Entomology ’’; Sharp’s ‘‘ Insects, Cambridge Natural History’’ ; Comstock and Needham, ‘‘ The Wings of Insects ’’ ; Comstock and Chujiro Kochi, ‘‘ Anatomy of the Head of Insects’’ ; Comstock’s ‘‘ Manual for the Study of Insects ’’ ; Lugger’s ‘‘ Minnesota Reports,’’ and LeConte and Horn’s ‘‘ Classification of the Coleoptera.’’ An enumeration of more would be useless. ‘The monographs of the different families are very valuable, and all general works of any im- portance are essential. On the North American Species of Oscinis. By C. F. Apams, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. In addition to the table to the species I give descriptions of four new forms which I found in the Hough collection. It is difficult to give all the species their proper place in the table, but after examining material in the Hough collection, in the collection of the University of Kansas, my own collection, and that of the British Museum, I feel that there are few inac- curacies in the following table. Other new species from the West Indies are not included, as their descriptions are to appear elsewhere. Cat al April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 109 TABLE TO THE SPECIES. FD ION fo oh ELE ae ae ee Rs 9 ee WENN sae RR SS ea. 2 ne Wate WONOW . Sree here Ng. 3 Seg - s meena not wholly yellow «2.5... -. 00. Re... 6 YT Es aE SO Oe aOR, ee a 4 SRENTNTED HUNG WIERD 30s, 5 9p dave 5) oe RBS 8 mitis Will. MER PONDOG og oat clip te are oS ae le tere er oigS ee 5 wey WG fo ors Se ay chore a, 2 tok SS 2 nuda n. sp. CCIM TIIRTIOUIAT ow ee. ye oS) triangularis Will. Cee CINNS COWIE csi: 5.0), Ceekaee ee a 2s oe es, gehen ovalis n. sp. Gaetan wholly Diack a2...) Saw. OR virgata Coq. Antenmee fiot wholly black... 0°. 2 2 2S. 2 ee). 7 EeNEIE WENOM cos as geewetee. 6S al eS dorsalis Loew. Scutellum luteous or-yellow': . . . . . . . .jef@s om. se 8 8. Mesonotum with four vitte ,....-.....-.- quadrilineata Will. Mesonotum with three vitte............. dorsata Loew. Mesonotum nomeitate. 2... ie, ee te eas minor n. sp. o Legs wnolgiyellow . .... woe a sss 6 Pg a a a Io Lege nonwnolly yellow cos cic... Sar oa ae silenh ie! toe ce 14 a fees Wholly blackkging .. s+ + sabetietawups © win a II Abdomen not wholly black... ........ Rs ie ele es ee 12 11. Third and fourth veins moderately divergent. . . . . umbrosa Loew. Third and fourth veins nearly parallel... .... - atriceps Loew. 12. Base of dorsum of abdomen yellowish... ...-.....-..-. 13 Base of dorsum of abdomen black .......... apicalis Will. a5, Fone blackish -225 oat 4 ss A wee? pallipes Loew. Face yellow . 6 Ste gah atinca ss». ees collusor Town. te Amemike wholly yellow... 7 >. steele flaviceps Loew. peeeence not wholly yellow =...) <°.).> a See oe eee 15 Parcereamer of abGomen yellow . 26. Sic. Babee SSeS 16 Weegee of audomen DiMCk 5.5 (2°. eee. 18 Venter of abdomen variegated ............ minor n. sp. 16. Mesonotum bisulcate.. ....--.--+-+-+--- subvittata Loew. mesonotum trisulcate 5602060. Ss ee trisulcata n. sp. Mesonotum without: sities 2... Soe FS aD £7 17. Sides of mesonotum and pleura reddish yellow . . . pectoralis Coq. Sides of mesonotum and pleura black. ........ obscura Coq. 'o. eeesonoum shining... . .. :- +. “ee ce 19 Mesonotum at least subopaque, more or less pollinose.-. . . . . 22 19. Antenne wholly black. ........-. 2 S| a ar 20 ecune aot wholly black ;°:..°. ...scsngeeamane 2 s+ «eC 21 25 emora WHOMY JOUuOW.. .=.:< - 5. < ‘< speueeee _. . anonyma Will. Femora not wholly yellow ............ variabilis Loew. 21. Legs, except middle femora in part, yellow. . . . nudiuscula Loew. Legs, except all femora in part, testaceous . . . . . decipiens Loew Legs, except all femora and front tibiz in part, yellow . concinna Will. 110 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’o5 22. Face whitish or yellowishy. 2m. Dainese. *. 4k 23 mace black S035) 45 Gave pee CaN Che aR a ema oo) ss 26 23. Mesonotum with four grey pollinose, posteriorly abbreviated, vitte, trigramma Loew. Mesonotum:notiso marked’. 02.) SEs tiem eee > ee ee 24 24. Legs yellow, hind femora and hind tibiz somewhat brownish incipiens Will. Legs largely black or dark brown... . . . . 1 2 se sw wee @ 25 26) Vedical triangie shining 3: .i.a.650) ose ew eee hirta Loew. Vertical triangle greyish pollinose .......... 4: » . fur Will. 26. Libierpholly yellows shacsons 2) lage are seo eee ie nana Will. Tibiz not wholly yellow jon 3)... a ek ee ee 27 27. Third and fourth veins divergent. ......... longipes Loew. Third and fourth veins parallel... ....... carbonaria Loew. Oscinis minor n. sp. Head yellow. Vertical triangle reaching only half way to antenne, containing a black ocellar dot; third antennal joint orbicular, its apex, with the arista, black. Mesonotum largely yellow, sometimes blackish posteriorly, and in one specimen, wholly black, thinly pollinose, and with a few black bristles laterally ; pleura yellow, in the dark form with a blackish spot above middle coxz ; scutellum usually wholly, sometimes only apically, yellow, with a pair of small black bristles ; halteres yellow. Abdomen black, hind margins of segments yellow ; venter variegated. Legs yellow, hind tibiz centrally, and tips of all tarsi, blackish. Wings hyaline, third section of costa two-thirds length of second, third and fourth veins nearly parallel. Four specimens. Opelousas, La. March. Oscinis nuda n. sp. Head yellow ; vertical triangle reaching half way to antennz, contain- ing a black ocellar dot, eyes bare. Mesonotum yellow, with four, broad, brown vittz, and an additional narrow one above base of wing ; lateral ‘bristles black. Pleura yellow, with a small black spot above middle coxz. Scutellum oval, yellow, and with an apical pair of small bristles. Metanotum black ; halteres yellow. Abdomen yellow, hind margin of segments narrowly black. Legs yellow, tips of tarsi black. Wings hyaline, third section of costa one-half as long as second, third and fourth _ veins nearly parallel. Length 1.8 mm. Four specimens. Tipton, Ga. October. Oscinis ovalis n. sp. Head yellow ; vertical triangle deep, reaching nearly to the antenna, containing a black ocellar dot; eyes pubescent. Mesonotum yellow, lateral margins and the narrow longitudinal vittz brownish black ; lateral vittze black ; pleura yellow, with an elongate, black spot above middle- April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. III coxz ; scutellum oval, yellow except basally, and with an apical pair of small bristles ; halteres yellow ; metanctum deep shining black. Abdo- men brownish yellow, blackish basally. Legs yellow. Wings hyaline, second and third sections of costa of nearly equal length ; third and fourth veins nearly parallel. Length 1.7 mm. One specimen. Tipton, Ga. June. Close to O. triangularis Will., but is smaller, and the scutellum of entirely different shape. Oscinis trisulcata n. sp. Head yellow; occiput, upper part of vertical triangle, upper margin of third antennal joint, arista, and clypeus on each side, black. Mesono- tum black, sides and humeri yellowish, with three longitudinal sulci ; lateral bristles black ; pleura obscure brownish black ; fscutellum con- colorous, flat above, and with an apical pair of small bristles ; halteres yellow. Abdomen brownish above, yellow beneath. Legs yellow ; posterior femora with a blackish ring centrally. Wings hyaline ; third section of costa about half as long as the second ; third and fourth veins nearly parallel. Length 1.5 mm. One specimen. Opelousas, La. March. —_ Observations on Papilio turnus var. glaucus. By ERNST JEHEBER, Lancaster, Penna. How fascinating is the first glance at a Papilio glaucus flying in nature, and it has often occurred to me that many collectors must have wondered what the cause may be for its dimorphism. Such has been my case, and I concluded to rear this species in the hope of being able to a degree to solve this problem. My first step was to carefully go over all the literature at my com- mand which treated upon this subject, and from it I could only learn that yellow females sometimes produced black females, or that black females often produced yellow females; that the larvee are either green, light to dark brown and blue-black. I now procured a number of eggs and larve of ¢arnus and reared them on their favorite food plants—namely, wild cherry, tulip poplar and ash. The larve all progressed nicely until after the last moult, when I observed that a number of the larve after one or two days feeding showed signs of disease, in as much as they stopped feeding and I could plainly see that through their entire body they had a spasmodic jerking, which started at the head and went in a wavelike manner until it reached 112 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. { April, ’05 the last segment. I separated these larvee from the healthy ones, and upon the next morning I found most of them to have changed to a blue-black, some of them spotted and others very dark, and it could be plainly seen that the spots developed from within the larve. They did not feed again until the change of color was completed, which was generally on the third day. The pupation of these specimens was delayed just the number of days which it required for this color change. Every one of these larvze developed into g/aucus females, while the green and brown larve developed into the yellow form. My next object was to try find the reason. I succeeded in obtaining eggs of the second generation and again reared a large number of the larve with exactly the same result. After those larvee which changed their color as above had gone through their last moult I examined ‘the foliage upon which they had fed, and I discovered that the leaves were sprinkled over with fine black spots and were completely cov- ered over with a gummy substance. The nature of the phe- nomena I could not determine, but do not doubt that botanists can explain it. I now placed a number of green larvze on this diseased foliage, and after one to two days feeding they changed their color, although not so intensely, the reason for which, in my judgment, is that they were too near pupation, these latter larvee developed into specimens bearing a more or less large yellow spot in the centreof the anterior wings. To prove that my observations were well founded I reared a number of larvee of the next generation on healthy foliage and a number on dis- eased foliage—lI call it diseased as it turns yellow and withers much before the other—and the result was, healthy foliage, yellow females ; spotted foliage, black females. In, the pupze lI could not distinguish any differences upon which to base facts, but Iam convinced that the dimorphism is a diseased condi- tion, brought about by diseased food plants, and as far as I am able to judge at this time I believe the albino and melanic forms of other species, particularly of Colias philodice, will be ascribed to the same cause. But why only the one sex should become so affected is a problem which must be left for a scien- tist to solve. MI On nag tay April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 113 Oviposition in Cordulegaster. ; By Dr. F. Ris, Rheinau, Switzerland. ‘Prof. Needham’s very pleasant narrative in the January number of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEws reminds me that I might give an account of an observation that seems not yet to have - been recorded. There is, very close to Zurich, almost within the limits of the city, a locality where, many years ago, I used to collect our two Swiss Cordulegasters, didentatus and annulatus, the first always about ten days earlier than the other more widely diffused and less appreciated species. The place is a small open space in the woods, rather steeply inclined, the exposure nearly due North. Notwithstanding the inclination, the ground is swampy—we are in a region of beautiful and well preserved deposits of the great Ice Age—and a small spring of clear water runs down the slope, collecting at its foot in a shal- low pond, thickly overgrown with various sedges, M/enyanthes trifoliata, etc. This spring and pond are rich in Neuroptera ; I mention Adicella filicornis, Crunecia irrorata, Berea articu- laris, Bere@odes minuta, Ptilocolepus granulatus, Oxyethira fal- cata, amongst the less common Trichoptera, and they are the haunt of the Cordulegasters, the only one in the neighborhood of Zurich where I found them regularly andin numbers. The quality of the water is somewhat peculiar, not for this country, but more generally speaking ; it is very rich in lime, as are all such springs in our rigion, where glacial deposits cover the rock of soft tertiary sandstone. Every branch of moss, every rootlet, every dead leaf, that hangs or falls into these waters is in a very short time covered by a soft deposit of soft, porous . limestone. These deposits soon crumble and form in the rivu- lets a bottom of small, sharp-edged, angular debris, quite dif- ferent from soft mud or polished gravel as they exist in our larger waters. I think this detail is not without importance in connection with the Cordulegasters. Last summer I visited the Cordulegaster-spring again, after many year’s interruption, on June 11th. The season was an unusually early one; I came just at the best of C. didentatus, ~* 114 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’05 which otherwise might have been a fortnight later. In a very short time I had captured a series of seven males and five females of C. didentatus, but not a single C. annulatus was yet seen. But, still better, I had repeated an observation made seventeen years ago, only not recorded at that time, and which I did not like to record after such a long interval, unless hav- ing made it again. All the five females were caught ovipositing, and their man- ner in doing so was peculiar. They took a very nearly verti- cal position, wings, abdomen and all, and flying in this position slowly onward, dipped the points of their abdomens vertically into the crumbled limestone deposit on the bottom of the very shallow water. It is evident, that the protruding, pointed and very hard ovipositor is wonderfully fit to protect the soft tex- ture of the terminal segments against being injured by the sharp-edged debris. I could not observe, whether the eggs were laid singly or in clumps, not finding any eggs left in the Ovipositors of my captives. The operation was otherwise easily observed during some length of time, before it was put an end to by a good stroke of the net. The large and bulky insect in its awkward vertical position made a curious impres- sion of helplessness and was indeed very easily captured.* I may here add that the black-and-yellow annular pattern, with the golden green eyes; seemed to me wonderfully adapted for hiding Cordulegasters settled on lively green shrubs in full sunlight. The males often settled, but had I not seen them alighting, it was found impossible to discover them again as long as they rested motionless. A hawking Cordulegaster seen right in front at your eye-level appears as a mixture of black, - yellow and golden green that will be very nearly invisible ona background of sunlit meadow or shrub. Still another observation on Cordulegaster perhaps merits a short mention. Years ago, in 1891, I caught a fine female of C. bidentatus near Alvaneu in the Grisons. It exhaled an [* Two brief records of oviposition by Cordulegaster have been pub- lished in earlier volumes of the News: by Miss Mattie Wadsworth, Vol. XIII, p. 247, October, 1902, and by P. P. Calvert, Vol. XV, p. 316, November, 1904.—EDs. ] ime ee April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 115 extremely strong perfume of a quite agreeable character, hav- ing something of roses and of musk together. This perfume was much alike the one observed in (icizdela and, I think, other ant-eating insects. In our special case the odor was so strong, that it remained in my net for more than a year, andit lasted long even in the cyanide bottle. I have not observed the phenomenon again in the same species nor in any other dragonfly, and suppose the specimen had fed on ants, /ormica vufa for instance being abundant in its region. Lycaena emigdionis n. sp. By ForpycE GRINNELL, JR., Palo Alto, Calif. Female.—Expands 22 mm.—Upperside of primaries uniformly metal- lic brown, with a few bluish scales.towards base of wings ; a black discal dash ; a marginal fine black line. Fringes long and white. Secondaries: same as primaries, but with five, submarginal, large, distinct, black spots surrounded by a brighter tinge of brown, the encircling brown rather broad inwardly. Underside of primaries uniformly grayish white; a large, black, distinct, reniform discal dash ; next a series of seven, very distinct, large, cuneiform spots (the first circular), extending parallel to the outer margin. Next a series of six more, obscure, smaller dashes ; next a series of four less well-defined dashes; a fine submarginal black line. Underside of secondaries uniformly grayish white ; a rather obscure black discal streak surrounded by white ; between this and base three small, distinct black dots extending from upper to inner margin, one in middle, one near upper and the other near innermargin. Between discal streak and outer margin a series of seven distinct black spots, the first six forming a >, the other a little outward and evidently consisting of two fused spots. Submarginally a series of seven black crescents, the lower five enclosing red dashes, next these red dashes are five metallic silver circles enclosing, each, a black dot; the first of the seven black crescents is small and in the apex, the next is more distinct and accom- panied by a like one submarginally. A narrow, fine black marginal line. Fringes white. Body below grayish, with some long hairs. Palpi gray- ish, tipped with black. Antennz annulated black and white ; club black, above tipped with white. Male.—Upperside of primaries violet-blue ; with a broad, very dark margin, one-fourth inch in width, widest at costal margin, extending from costal to inner margin. A fine, black marginal line. Secondaries: violet blue, with a broad dark brown band extending from costa to inner margin; in anal angle are three black spots surrounded by a lighter brown. A marginal fine black line. Fringes long, white. The under- side is almost exactly like that of the female, and in the other particulars they are the same. 116 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’05 Hab.—San Emigdio canon, Kern Co., Calif. Described from 2 6,1 9, taken June 3 and 4, 1904, by the writer, and now in his collection. This species seemed to be extremely local in San Emigdio canon, being found in only one place, and extending along the canon for about a hundred yards. It seemed to be not at all uncommon, and a good series of specimens was taken in the short time I was in this particular locality. They are very distinct, and the first one I saw I recognized to be something new to me. The color of the upperside of the male and female, and heavy markings and metallic scales of underside and a partial obliteration of the marginal red band on the upperside of secondaries are very distinctive characters. It belongs to the acmon group. eh Sa A New Culex From Australia. By D. W. CoguiLLETr. Culex labeculosus new species. A rather large brown form with white bands at bases af the segments of the abdomen and tarsi. Proboscis nearly covered with white scales, those on upper half of occiput golden brown, on the remainder white. Mesonotum golden brown scaled and with several brassy yellow ones interspersed, some of which form a pair.of indistinct subdorsal light col- ored lines, the scales very narrow ; bristles black, those on the scutellum chiefly yellow. Scales of. abdomen black, a broad crossband of white ones at base of each segment and several white scales scattered over the sixth and seventh segments. Scales of femora, tibiz and first tarsal joint mixed black and white, not forming distinct bands or spots, those on the posterior side chiefly white, on remainder of tarsi black and with a band of white ones at base of each joint, that at base of the second joint of the hind tarsi covering nearly one-third of the joint; front tarsal claws of female unidentate. Wings hyaline, the scales brown, the lateral ones narrow and nearly linear, petiole of second submarginal cell nearly half as long as that cell. Palpi of female chiefly black scaled except at the apex, where the scales are white; palpi of male narrow, blackish and with two white bands. Length 4 to 5 mm. Six females and two males, labelled as having been collected on Goode Island, Victoria, Australia. Received by Dr. L. O. Howard from Mr. C. French, the government entomologist of Victoria. Type No. 8314, U. S. National Museum. April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 117 Some Notes on the Habits and Life History of Bembecia marginata Harris in Western Washington. By W. H. LAWRENCE, Agricultural College, Washington. The so-called Raspberry Root Borer or Blackberry Crown Borer, Bembecia marginata Harris, has found its way into some of the berry fields in Western Washington. The habits and life history vary somewhat from those described in other sec- tions. Scattering observations made during 1901 to 1904, show that it takes a period of two years for the transformation of the insect. It has been particularly easy to trace the trans- formations, as but a single brood occurs in this section. During 1903 adults reared from pupz and adults captured in the field were confined in cages and in a large glass jar. In the latter, raspberry slips were placed in a dish of water. Numerous eggs were deposited in these cages. The females endeavored to place each egg beneath the object upon which they were resting ; many were placed on the under surface of the leaves in the jar. In the field the moths alight on the upper surface of black- berry or raspberry leaves. When ready to deposit their eggs they begin to flutter their wings, rise on ‘‘ tip-tce,’’ move side- wise, bend the abdomen around. the edge of the leaf and deposit a single egg beneath. During the season not a single egg- was found on the canes at any point high or low —all were on the lower surfaces of the leaves. The eggs are oval, of a deep reddish brown color, and about js of aninch long. A single moth lays about 140 ; those con- fined in cages laid from 135 to 150. A large number of eggs were kept on dry earth in the bottom of a breeding cage ; others were kept on the wooden floor of a cage. Leaves col- lected in the field, on which eggs had been deposited, were also placed in these cages. Canes, on the leaves of which eggs had been deposited, were placed in water in jars, and kept alive as long as possible. The location of each of a large number of eggs on leaves in the field was marked. Not an egg on wood, dry earth, or dry leaves in the field, hatched. A 118 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’o5 considerable number of those on the leaves of canes kept in water hatched, as did a greater number in the field. These experiments indicate that the eggs need a certain amount of moisture in order to develop properly. They hatched during the third week in September. A large number of those in the field hatched on the 19th to 21st of September. When the egg is ready to hatch the larva makes a small, round hole in one end of the shell and crawls out. At this stage the larvee are about }, of an inch long, nearly white, and clothed with a few colorless hairs; the head is dark brown. The larvee in the field soon disappeared. Late in December, 1903, an effort was made to locate them ; plants were dug up and the canes and roots split open, but not a single larva could be found. A number of young plants were selected on the leaves of which, in autumn, numerous eggs had hatched; these were taken up and carefully washed, preparatory to splitting them. A number of small, blister-like elevations were noticed on the bases of these canes, on the part below the surface of the ground. On opening these spots, each of them contained a single larva. The larva had crawled down the stem, eaten a hole through the epidermis, formed a round cavity in the bark just large enough to contain it, curled up, and become inactive. Other plants were examined. The larve had not only buried themselves in the bark of the canes, but in many instances were found several inches below the surface of the ground, under small scales on the roots; just beneath laterals, and in crevices of the roots. Many were found in these winter quarters. At this time of the year the larve are very small, having increased about one-third in length. On December 29, 1904, the writer dug up about 15 hills of blackberry canes, washed the roots, and searched for larvze. Four were found in winter quarters just beneath the epidermis. This observation further substantiates the one made the pre- vious year and also shows that a second brood is just beginning to appear. The writer has not had an opportunity to study the habits of the larvee after they begin active feeding in the spring. Those that hibernate in the bark of the cane during the winter un- April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 119 doubtedly leave their quarters and crawl down from the outside of the stem. No evidence has been found to show that they enter the canes and tunnel down into the roots. Small holes have been found in the roots, showing that some of the larve at least enter directly into the roots. During the following season the larvz begin active feeding, and are about one-half to three-fourths of an inch in length by the time they are one year old. The body becomes much stouter. They remain at rest in the tunnels in the roots during the second winter and begin active feeding the follow- ing spring. At this time they are usually in the root, just beneath the crown ; they usually take an upward course, enter and eat out the pith of the cane for a distance of one to five inches ; then tunnel obliquely through the wood and bark, leaving only the epidermis intact. Having done this, the larvee may go down the hole some distance, but when ready to pupate they return to some part of the tunnel in the cane before transformation. When ready to pupate the larve become somewhat shorter and darker in color. By the middle of June a few pupze were found; by the middle of August all were in the pupal state, and some had emerged as adults. The adults continued to emerge until late in September. When the adult is ready to emerge it crawls out of the pupa- case leaving it sticking in the hole made by the larva in the side of the cane. One pupa was taken in the act of cutting out the epidermis ; this pupa was placed upon a piece of paper on a table in the laboratory. At the end of two hours the adult had emerged and was drying its wings. After emerg- ence, the adults may be found resting on the leaves of rasp- berry and blackberry plants or flying about the fieids depositing their eggs. Up to the present time infested plants in this State have sel- dom shown any signs of the presence of the borers other than a poor growth. On one occasion a single hill of blackberry canes wilted about the time the leaves were well out. The roots were well filled with tunnels. Seven larve, each about an inch long, were collected. Other hills examined gave one to four borers, but none of them showed external signs of their presence. On a few occasions single canes in hills of black- berries died. In nearly every case a borer had eaten out the pith of the cane at the crown. In this section the borer never girdles the cane. There is nevera morbid enlargement of the canes. In fact many times the borers never enter the canes, but remain in the roots until ready to emerge as adults. Pupa-cases were found sticking in the sides of exposed roots. In a single instance one borer was found in an exposed lateral root 18 inches from the base of the cane. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at out earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEws has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- ence, as to make it necessary to put ‘‘ copy ”’ into the hands of the printer, for each num- ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘ extras,” without,change in form, will be given free, when they are wanted ; and this should be so stated on the MS., along with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—Ep. PHILADELPHIA, PA., APRIL, 1905. We are frequently in receipt of letters from collectors and beginners lamenting the constant changes in the names of in- sects, principally generic, and we desire to say a few words to them that may be of interest. They appear to be laboring under the impression that they are obligated to turn their col- lections inside out every time a new list appears but every such idea is entirely erroneous. The species is the unit of classifi- cation and if one knows the specific name the rest is attaina- ble. Why should the beginner worry his brains about the never-ending wrangle about nomenclature ? It is bad enough for the systematist to run the risk of getting megalocephalitis over it. Don’tchange your collection unless it is overcrowded and needs rearranging or you have some good reason for so doing, and even then don’t change the names unless it is-your desire to do so. If a new list comes out and you don’t wish to follow it, wait for the next one which may be more in conformity with your own ideas. In a formative study like entomology changes in nomenclature are inevitable, but that is no reason for people being on pins and needles and making changes every five minutes. It will be not less thana thousand years before the question of nomenclature will be finally settled, as it will take that long to describe all the species of insects in the world; therefore why worry about it? 120 Wi7ge March, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 121 Notes and News. ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS OF THE GLOBE. CHANGE OF ApprEss.—After this date correspondents will kindly address all mail matter, packages, etc., to my residence, Montclair, N._/. —W. D. KEARFOTT. Pror.-O. W. BARRETT has for the present left Mayaguez, Porto Rico, and is at Clarendon, Vermont. A fly and a flea in a flue Were imprisoned. Now what could they do? Said the fly: “‘ Let us flee!” “* Let us fly,’’ said the flea— So they flew, through a flaw in the flue. —Puck. DESMIA FUNERALIS Hiibner, and variety sudbdivisalis Grote.—With reference to above species and variety, I have examined a large number of specimens in all the collections to which I have had access, and I find that so far as I have examined all the fumeralis specimens are males, and all the subdivisalis specimens are females ; if this is correct, which I have no reason to doubt, then sudbdivisalis will have to drop out as a variety and simply become a synonym. Shall be pleased to be corrected in this if I am in error.—F RANK HAIMBACH. Doings of Societies. Readers of ENTOMOLOGICAL NEws will probably be inter- ested to know that small as is the Territory of Hawaii, it main- tains three staffs of official entomologists. The oldest of these, in reference to years of existence, is the Entomological Divis- ion of the Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry, dating from the fall of 1893, when Mr. Albert Koebele, of Vedalia cardinalis fame, was engaged to carry on this work. Besides Mr. Koebele, the work of this office is now attended to by Messrs. Alexander Craw, Jacob Kotinsky and C. J. Austin. Next in order comes the U. S. Experiment Station of Hawaii with Mr. D. L. Van Dine as its official entomologist ; and last in order of organization, but first im the number of entomolog- ists it employs, is the Entomological Department of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Experiment Station. Besides the 122 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’o05 partial services of Messrs. Craw and Koebele, it employs Messrs. R. C. L. Perkins, G. W. Kirkaldy, F. W. Terry, O H. Swezey and Mrs. O. H. Swezey, entomologists’ artist. All these offices are located in the outskirts of the city of Honolulu, on the Island of Oahu, almost within shouting distance of each other. In the order given above, the first office devotes its attention principally to inspection work for the exclusion of undesirable pests, and the introduction of beneficial insects. Mr. Van Dine in the second office carries on work of general Economic Entomology as it is practiced in the States. The third office, superintended by Mr. Perkins, devotes its attention to ento- mological problems in sugar cane fields solely. Needless to say that much creditable work is accomplished by each of the stations, and, entomologically at least, Hawaii is well safe- guarded. For this entomologicai activity, much credit is due to a very energetic member of the Territory Board of Commis- sioners, Mr. W. M. Giffard, himself an enthusiastic insect collector of no mean proportions. This small but enthusiastic band of entomological workers together with others interested, met on January 26th last and organized The Hawiian Entomological Society. A constitu- tion was adopted, and the following officers chosen: Presi- dent, Mr. R. C. L. Perkins; Vice-President, Mr. Alexander Craw; Secretary—Treasurer, Mr. Jacob Kotinsky. Mr. Albert Koebele was elected first honorary member in consideration of his valuable entomological services to this Territory. The second regular meeting of the Society was held in the Library of the Board of Agriculture and Forestry on February 9, 1905; eight members present, Mr. Perkins in the chair. The secretary read a communication from Mr. Kirkaldy who is convalescing at the local hospital after an operation, the result of a serious accident last spring. Brother Matthias Newell, of Hilo, was elected honorary member. Mr. Kotinsky read the prepared portion of his paper on the ‘‘ History of Economic Entomology in Hawaii.’’ This paper was thor- oughly discussed by all present, and many points of local in- terest were brought out in course of this discussion. Mr. Per- =. a i de i | a i ee —< ~~) =) April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 123 kins stated that Sphenophorus obscurus, which occurs in papias, cocoanuts and Royal palms, besides sugar cane, was known upon these Islands in 1865, and might have been introduced many years previously. He also stated that Neda abdominalis was affected by the Braconid parasite (Centistes americana Riley, ) which is so destructive to Coccinella repanda, before the latter was brought by Koebele. The next paper was ‘‘ Entomological and Other Notes on a Trip to Australia,’’ by R. C. L. Perkins. In this Mr. Perkins recounted his and Mr. Koebele’s experiences during their last - entomological expedition to Australia in search of a parasite of the sugar cane leaf-hopper (Perkinsiella saccharicida.) ‘These notes comprised observations on many insects, birds and for- ests. Mr. Giffard exhibited specimens of Chalcolepidius ery- throloma, 44 of which were collected during Sundays of a couple of months from one Koa tree in a row of about eight or nine lining the road to Mt. Tantalus. Mr. Terry exhibited a living pair of eda testudinaria which came here from Aus- tralia on December 13th. The female began to lay eggs on the 15th, and has since deposited 32 batches comprising 897 eggs. _She apparently is stili capable of laying a good many more. At to p. m. the Society adjourned. Jacosp KorTinsky, Secretary—Treasurer. A stated meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social was held February 15, 1905, at the residence of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, No. 1523 South Thirteenth Street, Philadelphia. Twelve mem- bers were present. The death of Professor A. S. Packard, of Brown University, of Providence, R. I., was announced, as was also the death of Dr. Prime, of New York City. Dr. Prime was a brother of Mrs. Slosson ; he took a great deal of interest in entomology and was identified with a number of scientific and other soceties. A letter was read from Dr. Philip P. Calvert, accepting his election to honorary membership. Mr. H. W. Wenzel exhibited pieces of wood showing the work of Scolytidz, and one piece showing the work of Am- 124 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’o5 brosta beetles in swamp maple; the species is Xyleborus pubescens of which the females are wingless. Mr. Wenzel remarked that when the imago enters it leaves a stain which renders the wood useless for the cabinet-maker. ‘The males of this species are predominant. Another species which was quoted is ypo- thenemus dissimilis, found in terminal twigs of oak, where they pupate in the pith near the terminus of twigs, lying as peas in a pod. In the same galleries were found the parasites on the above species belonging to the family Proctotrypide. Mr. Wenzel further remarked that on February 13th he took a number of specimens of A/y/esinus aculeatus under the green bark of ash in Philadelphia. Mr. Harbeck spoke of taking a number of interesting small species of Diptera by sieving. Mr. Daecke spoke of characters in the classification of aerial and pedestrian Diptera, and of color and stripes as being } only a matter pertaining to the internal structure. FRANK HAIMBACH, Secretary. Meeting of the Entomological Section, Chicago Academy of Sciences, held January 19, 1905, at the John Crerar Library. Eight members present. Minutes of the November meeting were read and approved. No meeting was held in December as no quorum was present. The report of the Honorary Curator was read by the Recor- der. It included a list of acquisitions to the Entomological Collection during 1904, the totals being as follows : Lepidoptera 64 Coleoptera 1324 Hemiptera | 255 Orthoptera 24 Neuroptera 15 Diptera 282 Hymenoptera 138 Myriopoda Se. Total 2103 The election of officers resulted as Seticas! Chairman, W. E. Longley ; Recorder, Alexander Kwiat ; Honorary Curator, OE Sites he April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 125 A. B. Wolcott ; Executive Committee, John L. Healy Wm. J. Gerhard and A. Kwiat. Chairman W. E. Longley then read his report of the past year’s work of the Entomological Section and its members. This consisted largely of a list of the rarer insects captured in the so-called Chicago area. They were: COLEOPTERA. Cychrus lecontei De7. Two specimens ¢' and Q were taken within toofeet of each other in early spring in deep damp timber at Bowmanville. Leptinus testaceus JMZ/u//. One specimen of this rare blind beetle was taken from a mouse nest at Clarke, Indiana. Coccinella. transversoguttata Fad. This is a rare northern species and only one specimen was taken, on the beach of Lake Michigan. Sphzridium scarabzoides Zinn. Quite a few specimens were taken near Lake Michigan on October gth. Heretofore not reported farther west than Pennsylvania. It is found in Europe. Clerus quadrisignatus Say. One example of this southern species was taken at River Forest on dead hickory. Mezium americanum. One specimen taken by Mr. Kwiat at Edge- brook. It is cosmopolitan but apparently very rare on this continent. Its peculiar appearance may account for this scarcity as it greatly resem- bles a small red Arachnid. Lema cornuta and Lema collaris. Taken at Clarke, Indiana. Chrysomela auripennis. At Hessville, Indiana. Phyllotreta armoracine Koch. Two specimens taken on the Lake beach June 2nd. This European insect is supposed to have gained a foothold in this country during the Columbian Exposition. It has been reported from Iowa, and Mr. Wolcott took a single specimen at Bloom- ington, Illinois, several years ago. Physonota unipunctata Say. One specimen was taken at Hessville, Indiana, in early spring. It is a strikingly beautiful species and evidently very rare as it is seldom mentioned in Coleopterous literature. Zonitas atripennis Say. Is commonly found on the great plains. One specimen was taken by Mr. Kwiat at Hessville, Indiana. Mr. Liljeblad reported the following : Cincindela purpurea, from Highland Park on the North shore. # lecontei, from Fort Sheridan also on the North shore. Lebia bivittata, from Fort Sheridan. Notoxus serratus, from North Evanston on the North shore. Acmzops bivittata and numerous color varieties from Fort Sheridan. > nigripennis, from Fort Sheridan and Glen Ellyn, which lies almost twenty miles west of the lake. Byrrhus americana, from Fort Sheridan Cytilus sericeus, from Fort Sheridan. Oberea bimaculata, from Fort Sheridan. 126 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ April, ’05 Zonitas bilineata, from Palos Park, which lies twenty miles southwest. Mycotretus sanguinipennis, Palos Park. : Ceratoma caminea, from Palos Park. Phymaphora pulchella Newm., from Highland Park. Mr. Wolcott reported the capture of : Carabus meander /isch. ; Omo- phron nitidum Zec. ; Omophron americanum Le. ; Badister pulchellus Lec. ; Chalznius niger Rand. ,; Chalzenius purpuricollis Rand. ; Oodes fluvialis Zec.,; Agathidium oniscoides Beauv. ; Lomechusa cava Lec., host the black carpenter ant ; Cucujus clavipes /ad. ; Languria gracilis Newm.; Hololepta fossularis Say. ; Dicerca asperata Lap. and Gory. ; Agrilus acutipennis Mann. ; Calopteron terminale Say ; Odontzeus filicor- nis Say ; Mecynotarsus candidus Zec., found on white lake sands ; Cryp- tocephalus guttulatus O/iv. ; Blapstinus interruptus Say ; Eurymycter fas- ciatus O/iv. ; Odonota hornii Sith, an intermediate form between this species and dorsalis. Mr. Liljeblad also reported the following Coleoptera from McGregor, Iowa, at which place he attended the field meeting of the Academy of Sciences : Pyrochroa flabellata, Cistela variabilis, Cupes concolor, Penthe pimelia, Lucanus dama, a diminutive specimen only % of an inch long. HYMENOPTERA. Mr Gerhard reported the capture of a male Pelecinus polyturator. This is considered quite a rarity. LEPIDOPTERA. Terias mexicana. A southern butterfly ; was reported from Chicago, Hessville and Lake Geneva, Wis. Lyczna lygdamus. A number of fresh specimens from Palos Park, early in May, by Messrs. Kwiat and Liljeblad. Lyczna scudderi. Only one specimen, at Hessville. Amblyscirtes samoset. One specimen taken by Mr. Liljeblad. Crocota lzeta. Several specimens taken at Edgebrook, Hessville and Palos Park. Arctia vittata. Taken at Palos Park. Charadra deridens. Two taken at light by Mr. Beer. Acronycta lithospila. Onetaken at light by Mr. Beer. Polygrammate hebraicum. Two or three taken at Hessville. Leptina doubledayii. One specimen taken at Hessville, by Mr. Kwiat. Ulolonche modesta. Several from Hessville and Clarke, Ind. Hydreecia purpurifascia. Quite a number were taken at Hessville. - rutila. Taken at light by Mr. Beer. marginidens. Taken at light by Mr. Beer. limpida. Two taken at light by Mr. Beer. Hypocala hillii. Several were taken at lights in various parts of the city Jate in the fall. Anchocelis digitalis. Several taken at light by Mr. Beer. Schinia tertia. One specimen taken at light by Mr. Krueger. “eé “ce te | April, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 127 Plusia selecta and Plusia ampla. Were taken at light by Mr. Krueger. Euherrichia mollissima. Several were taken at Hessville. Latebraria amphipyroides. One specimen of this large southern moth was taken at sugar at Edgebrook, by Mr. Vollbrecht. Thysania zenobia. A very good specimen was taken in a residence portion of the city. Nerice bidentata. Was taken at Edgebrook. Pheosia dimidiata and Lophopteryx elegans. Were taken at Hessville. Geometridz reported were: Acidalia purata. From Hessville. Aspilates coloraria. From Hessville and Palos Park. ss liberaria. From Hessville and Fort Hamilton. Endropia madusaria. From Clarke and Hessville. ” marginaria. ‘‘ i ‘© Palos Park. es obtusaria. = 7 ‘* Edgebrook. Plagodis serinaria. From Palos Park Eubyia quernaria. From Palos Park and from Edgebrook. Lozogramma detersata. From Hessville Eois demissaria.. From Hessville. Cinglis purata. From Hessville. Cochlidion rectilinea and Kronea minuata. Were reported as new, from Hessville. Cossus centerensis. Was taken at Hessville and Clarke, Ind. Prionoxystus macmurtrei. Was taken at Palos Park and at Edge- brook. _ Of Micro-Lepidoptera a large number were taken, many of them new to local collections. Most of them are unfortunately undetermined, but the following are deserving of mention. Scirpophaga perstrialis. Two specimens at Hessville. Titanio helianthialis. A number of specimens at Hessville. Perispasta czculalis. Two at Palos Park. Cindaphia bicoloralis, Galasa rubidana, Schcenobius tripunctellus, Pseu- doschcenobius opalescalis, Eucosma giganteana, Archips semiferana, Archips fervidana. Mr. Kwiat reported the successful breeding of Crocota brevit- cornis through two broods, securing quite a number of specimens showing considerable variation. He bred two males of Cvocota opella from eggs which were sent him by Mr. Henry McElhose from St. Louis. Also Arctia vittata through two broods secur- ing fairly constant forms. He expects to continue his study in these genera. Most of the above species, both Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, were exhibited at the meeting by Messrs. Wolcott, Liljeblad, 128 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [April, 05 Longley and Kwiat. The greater part of the Lepidoptera mentioned had not been reported from the Chicago area here- tofore, which is the more surprising, as the concensus of opin- ion was that the season had been a very poor one. No records of Coleoptera or the other orders have been kept. ALEXANDER Kwiat, Recorder. A meeting of the Entomological Section of the Chicago Academy of Sciences was held February 16, 1905, at the John Crerar Library. ‘Ten members present. The topic for the evening was a discussion of “Variation in Tiger Beetles’? by Mr. V. E. Shelford of the University of Chicago. Mr. Shelford has been studying these beetles for several years and has succeeded in gathering a large number of species and specimens from all parts of the world, paying more particular attention, of course, to Boreal American forms. Referring to taxonomic characters he found that color and color patterns, which have heretofore been used by prominent — entomologists, are of little value, owing to the great amount of variation. The distinction between ‘‘ thorax marginate’’ and ‘‘ thorax not marginate’’ is also of little value as even this feature is variable. In his opinion, pilosity and the sculpture of the thorax are the best characters to work upon, and herein he is supported by Dr. Horn, of Berlin, who is using pilosity almost entirely in his forthcoming work on the group. Mr. Shelford exhibited a chart showing various types of maculation and a number of the beetles, which showed the variations existing among the species. These variations were often geographical, but it seems that in many cases, almost all the different forms of a species could be taken in one locality while elsewhere only one or perhaps two forms were to be had. There was some discussion among the members on this sub- ject and also about a specimen of Arctia virgo exhibited by Mr. Beer which had yellow instead of red secondaries and abdo- men. Mr. Shelford was given a vote of thanks, whereupon the meeting adjourned. A. Kwiat, Recorder. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. Vor. XVI. MAY, 1905. No. 5. CONTENTS: Fall—Two new species of Aphodius....129 | Nason—Parasitic Hymenoptera of Al- Grossbeck—Notes on the Life History gonquin, Illinois—I.............--.- 145 of Anthocharis genutia Fabr....... 131 | Williams—Notes on the Larve of Cer- Grinnell—Butterflies of Mt. Wilson, tain Lepidoptera ...............+--- 153 Southern California................ 134 | Coverdale—Variation in C allimorpha. .154 Moodie—A new Milesia from Arizona, E-ditort@l cicctswecdesssepcconecsccucunes 155 with notes on some Wyoming Syr- Notes RING Was dae < oc 020 ence scence 156 OO SR epee Pee eee oo 138 | Doings of Societies ...........--.------- 157 Baker—Fleas and Disease........-..... 143. | Obituaiyesiscaeeds on scew cece sesicecewas 160 Two New Species of Aphodius. By Hie. Fan The two species of Aphodius described below have been taken in numbers by Dr. Blaisdell and Mr. Knaus respectively. -They deserve to be more generally known, and as a prelimi- nary step to their distribution the following diagnoses have been drawn up and their relationship to previously described forms indicated. I take pleasure in dedicating each to its discoverer. blaisdelli n. sp. Oblong, black or dark castaneous, uid side slightly paler, legs castaneous. Head not tuberculate, finely punctate with intermixed coarser punctures, not at all rugose; clypeus broadly emarginate, rounded each side; genz prominent, subrectangular. Prothorax wide, only slightly narrowed toward the base, sides broadly arcuate, hind angles obtuse but rather well defined, basal margin bisinuate each side, marginal line deep and entire, disc sparsely punctate with coarse and fine punc- tures intermixed. Elytra oblong, scarcely narrowed at base, humeri slightly dentiform, striz rather fine, closely rather finely punctate, inter- vals nearly flat on the disc, becoming strongly convex at apex ; intersti- tial punctuation minute and sparse. Body beneath alutaceous and somewhat dull, feebly but numerously punctate, mesosternum densely 129 130 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’05 punctate, carinate between the cox. Hind femora finely alutaceous — and sparsely punctate over the entire surface. Spur of anterior tibiz stout and strongly arcuate apically in the male, more slender and nearly straight in the female ; basal joint of hind tarsus slightly longer than the next three. Length 6-74 mm. Described from a good series of specimens communicated by Dr. F. E. Blaisdell, who took them on November 24th from a wood rat’s nest in the Alhambra Valley, Contra Costo County, California. This is the species referred to by Dr. Blaisdell in the report of the proceedings of the fourteenth regular meeting of the Pacific Coast Ent. Soc. as A cribratus.* ‘The entire catch of ninety-six specimens was taken ‘‘in a clump of earth at the bottom of the nest, wet with excrementitious fluids, and no larger than a double fist. The larve also were taken.’’ A careful comparison with the other members of Horn’s ‘Group G,’’ to which the present species belongs, shows that it is unquestionably distinct and differs from all of them more than they do from each other. By Horn’s table it would fall with crzbratus because of the simply emarginate clypeus, but it differs from this, and mevadensis and gentzlis as well, by the smooth front, more quadrate prothorax with better de- fined hind angles and well marked exterior basal sinuation, the alutaceous and more strongly numerously punctate hind femora, and the longer basal joint of the hind tarsus, this being subequal in length to the three following in gen?i/is and cribratus, and distinctly shorter than the three following in nevadensts. In the dual pronotal punctuation d/azsdelli agrees with xevadensis. It is not unlikely that the present species may be found mixed with cribvatus in collections; if so, the above distinguishing characters will enable it to be readily separated. Aphodius knausii n. sp. Moderately elongate, slightly broader posteriorly, pale yellowish testa- ceous, shining, disc of thorax irregularly nebulously infuscate, elytra with a short fuscous stripe on the fifth interspace near the base, a common transverse spot just before the middle reaching to the third stria, and usually extending somewhat forward on the third interspace ; markings frequently faint or nearly obsolete. Head without trace of tubercles, * Ent. News, March, 1905, p. 95. 4 ie * dl, eC May, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 131 smooth, shining, minutely very sparsely punctulate ; clypeal emargina- tion broad and shallow, sides rounded ; gene slightly prominent, obtuse. Prothorax not narrowed in front, sides strongly, evenly arcuate, fimbriate anteriorly ; basal angles not defined, basal marginal line strong through- out, the median lobe moderately prominent; surface minutely alutace- ous but strongly shining, punctuation rather sparse, intermixed. Elytra slightly wider than the prothorax, humeri not dentate, striz rather deep, very faintly or scarcely visibly punctulate ; intervals convex, each with a nearly regular series of very fine, feeble, distinct punctures. Beneath finely alutaceous and strongly shining, mesosternum not carinate, metas- ternum very sparsely punctate, ventral segments with a row of rather coarse setigerous punctures along the anterior margin of each, other- wise impunctate. Anterior tibia smooth in front, externally tridentate, the terminal tooth normal, the upper tooth small, margin above not crenulate ; tibial spurs slender and nearly straight, not differing in the sexes. Length 3-34 mm. Taken abundantly at Englewood in Southwestern Kansas by Mr. Warren Knaus. A rather pretty little species, allied to phalerioides and larree, but smaller than either and differing from both in the elytral markings, the minute or obsolete punctures of the elytral striz, the partial fimbriation of the side margins of the prothorax, and the ventral punctuation. In both phaleriozdes _and /arree the side margins of the prothorax are fimbriate throughout and the ventral segments are irregularly punctate. In /arree the base of the prothorax is broadly evenly arcuate with scarcely a trace of median lobe; there are also sexual differences in the clypeus which do not obtain in £xauszz. Notes on the Life History of Anthocharis genutia Fab.* By Joun A. GROSSBECK. Amongst the first of our New Jersey diurnals to appear in the spring from hibernating chrysalids is the little orange-tip butterfly, Azthocharis genutia. ‘This species was considered a rarity—at least in northern New Jersey—and it is only in recent years that the collectors in this vicinity have added it to their collections. It is not at all uncommon on Gar- ret Mountain, Paterson, but seems to be confined to a very limited area. This, however, is accounted for by the fact, that * Read before the Newark Entomological Society. 132 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’o5 the territory inhabited by the insect is especially suitable for the development of the food plant, which is a little Crucifer that grows in the sandy soil on the rocks. The males are the first to appear, and single specimens may be seen in the latter part of April. They do not become abundant until the 6th or 7th of May, and then an occasional female (about 1 9 to every 10 $’s) may be seen among them. Between the roth and 18th of May the females are almost as common—in one instance they were more common than the males; but shortly after the latter date, all disappear suddenly. The first appearance is liable to be retarded by a cold tempera- ture and consequently the dates may be shifted backward a little. Females were observed depositing eggs May 11th, and the first larvee hatched on the day following. The egg is cylindri- cal, broadest at the middle, slightly narrow at the base, and tapering rather acutely at the apex. It is orange in color, and under the power of a %{-inch objective shows about fifteen ver- tical ribs, with numerous faint cross ridges between. The eggs are laid singly on the stem of the food plant Avadis lyrata, immediately below the terminal bud of the plant and large plants may have as many as four eggs. ‘This is slightly different from a note published by Mr. Hornig (ENToMOLOGI- caL NEws, Vol. XIV, p. 252), who says: ‘‘Asarule there is only one egg ona plant, although two have been collected on large healthy specimens.’’ ‘The food plant in this instance was Sisymbrium thaliana. From the lot of eggs collected on May 11th, nothing was bred, for as soon as they hatched the young larve fell prey toa small black spider which spins its web on the plant. There were several such in the cage which were not noticed until the entire lot of larvee had been destroyed. On May 18th I saw an isolated female in the valley, below Garret Mountain, which had evidently wandered from its breeding grounds; it was flitting gently about, stopping at short intervals on a white blossom which was afterwards determined as spring cress (Cardamine rhomboidea). A close examination of the blossoms revealed on each an egg tucked beneath, close to the calyx. May ’05, | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 133 On the roth I made another trip to the Garret Mountain. Judging from the abundance of eggs one week previous, I expected to reap a harvest of the larve ; but after a half day’s hard work I was glad to have eleven specimens. The rarity of the larvze was easily explained, for on almost every plant was one or more of the little black spiders. The young larvz feed on the small tender leaves, but when the seed pods appear, these seem to be preferred, the larva beginning to eat at the tip and moving backwards until it is entirely consumed. When at rest it usually lies on one of the linear leaves and is very well protected by the resemblance. The full grown larva measures about 20-24 mm. in length, is pale bluish green with white spiracles, and has a rather broad mid-dorsal stripe of a yellowish color and a white longitudinal stripe on each side. The body is scantily covered with short, black, bristle-like hairs. The first larva pupated June 5th. The chrysalis is a very peculiar looking object with the anterior part greatly prolonged and drawn to a point, extending far above the silken girdle. Most of the pupz were attached to the food plant, but a few were fastened to the sides of the breeding cage. On this same date (June 5th) I gathered on the mountain from the food plant a number of small creamy yellow cocoons of parasites, and on the following day I found two in my cage which seemed to ‘associate the parasite with the gezutza larva. A small Braco- nid (Apanteles pergandei) emerged June 8th and a number of others two days later. ‘The determination was kindly made by Dr. Ashmead.* Adult flies from the chrysalids issued in the early part of July ; the late appearance was due to abnormal conditions, though all but one specimen out of a dozen pupz produced perfect imagos. In the fields the fly is usually distinguished from other Pierids by its small size, whiter color and low jerky flight. It seldom, if ever, alights and can be taken easily if approached *The species is described only in MS. and will appear in Dr. Ash- mead’s ‘‘ Monograph of the North American Braconidz,”’ now in pre- paration. 134 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’05 cautiously ; but if disturbed will give the collector a long chase, always avoiding the net. It rarely rises above four feet from the ground and may be pursued till caught without its rising overhead and soaring away. ~<— Butterflies of Mt. Wilson, Southern Calfornia. By ForpyCE GRINNELL, JR., Palo Alto, Calfornia. Mt. Wilson is located in the front range of the San Gabriel Forest Reserve, Los Angeles County. It is about forty miles from the Pacific Ocean—on a clear day the ocean is plainly visible from the summit, and the view over the surrounding country and the Mojave Desert to the north, is magnificent. It is reached by two picturesque winding trails about nine miles in length. The elevation is about 5886 feet above sea level, and from the floor of the valley it rises about 3000 feet. The city of Pasadena is located at its base. It is probable that more insects have been collected on Mt. Wilson than any other mountain in California. At Heninger’s Flats, quarter way up the mountain, is the largest forestry sta- tion in Southern California. On the summit is being con- structed one of the largest astronomical observatories in the world. Two delightful camps are here, one on the summit, . and the other a little below the top. In 1890 the Harvard telescope was here, which was later moved to South America. The vegetation is varied and interesting and of late has been quite thoroughly investigated, many new things having been discovered. ‘This richness of vegetable life is in harmony with the profusion of insects. "The whole mountain is covered with an almost impenetrable chaparral, which together with the rug- ged character of the mountain, makes collecting rather difficult. There are three zones of plant life easily traceable on the moun- tain, with interminglings. First, the Chaparral Belt, charac- terized by the abundance of chamisal or Adenostoma fascicula- tum ; second, the Big-cone Spruce Belt, characterized by the conspicuous tree, Pseudotsuga macrocarpa, Arctostaphylos, Quer- cus wislezenit, and scrub Quercus chrysolepis ; third, the Pine Belt, characterized by Pinus lambertiana, P. monticola, Liboce- ae May, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 135 drus decurrens, Quercus chrysolepis, and Conothus divaricatus. The zones represented are the Lower and Upper Transition. _ The butterflies listed below have been mainly the results of the writer’s many collecting trips to the summit, for several years past, in May, June, July and August. The list is surely not complete, but will serve as an incentive for more and better work in the future. Earlier collecting would quite surely add species. The scenery is so grand and inspiring, the air so clear and bracing, nature so joyous and absorbing, that as each summer vacation approaches, an irresistable impulse is felt for another quiet, lone intercourse with this grand old monarch of time. 1. Danais plexippus Linn.—-A few found on the summit several years ago, around the Ascepias blossoms. 2. Danais berenice Cram.—Rare. Only occasionally seen. 3. Argynunis sp., probably semiramis, noted on the summit several years ago. 4. Meliteaa chalcedon Db. & Hew.—Very common. Larve found on AZimulus. 5. Melitea gabbit Behr.—Not common in June. 6. Melitea wrightii EAw.—Two specimens taken during the last two summers. 7. Phyciodes mylitta Edw.—Frequent in Santa Anita canon. 8. Grapta satyrus Edw. Occasional. g. Vanessa antiopa Linn.—Only occasionally seen. 10. Pyrameis carye Hbu.—Common on all the mountains. 11. Pyrameis cardui Linn.—Common everywhere. 12. Junonia cenia Hbn.—Common and very pugnacious. 13. Limenitis lorquint Boisd.—Common especially in the canons. 14. Heterochroa californica Butl.—Common around the Quer- cus chrysolepis, to the summit. . 15. Cenonympha californica Db. & Hew.—Common and very variable. 16. Cenonympha ochracea Edw.—Not rare; especially in June-August. Recorded under the name of brenda. 17. Satyrus silvestris Edw.—Common in the chaparral belt. Variable and probably more than one species. 136 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’05 18. Lemonias virgulti Behr.—Common in the chaparral belt, especially around Zriogonum fasciculatum, on which it no doubt feeds. 19. Thecla grunus Boisd.—Common around Quercus chry'so- lepis, upon which the larvee and pupz occur. 20. Thecla californica Edw.—Common in the upper part of the chaparral and pine belt. 21. Thecla dryope Edw.—Common around patches of manza- nita in the pine belt. 22. Thecla spadix Hy. Edw.—Exceedingly local and confined to the lower part of the Big Cone Spruce Belt in all the moun- tains. 23. Theda sepium Boisd.—Common in all the mountains in June. 24. Thecla adenostomatis Hy. Edw.—Common in the chapar- ral belt. 25. Thecla iroides Boisd.—Occasionally seen but more com- mon in the valley. 26. Thecla dumetorum Boisd.—Occasionally taken in Santa Anita canon. 27. Chrysophanus arota Boisd. —Common in early July around the scrub oaks locally in the chaparral belt. 28. Chryosphanus gorgon Boisd.—Not common. 29. Lycena icariotdes Boisd.—Common on the summit around Lupinus sp.; this will probably have to be separated under another name, with further study. 30. Lycena polyphemus Boisd.—Common in May. ‘This group is poorly understood and needs much study. More species will probably be added. 31. Lycena sonorensis Felder.—A few taken in May in the Santa Anita canon. 32. Lycena battoides Behr.—Not common. 33. Lycena pseud. piasus Boisd.—Common everywhere. 34. Lycena exilis Boisd.—Common in July. 35. Lycena marina Reak.—Not rare in June. 36. Lycenaacmon Db. & Hew.—Common everwhere. Prob- ably more than one species under this name. 37. Pieris protodice Bd. & Lec.—Common, also the variety vernalts. a ae May, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 137 38. Pieris rape Linn.—Common. 39. Nathalis tole Boisd.—Taken in numbers several years ago, near Heninger’s Flats. 40.—Anthocharis sara Boisd.—Common. 41. Anthocharis ausonides Boisd.— Occasional. 42. Colias eurydice Boisd., and var. amorphe on Heninger’s Flats. 43. Colias cesonia Stoll.—Two @ specimens taken. These show a curious aberration ; the black marginal band is broken into a series of yellow spots. On the secondaries, black scales are distributed along the outer margin. 44. Colias eurytheme Boisd.—Common. 45. Colias harfordii H. Edw.—Common in July in the canons. 46. Papilio rutulus Boisd.—Occasionally soars up the moun- tain sides from the canons below. 47. Papilio eurymedon Boisd.—With the last. 48. Papilio indra Reak.—A few specimens taken. Rare and difficult to catch. 49. Pamphila nemorum Boisd.—Common in May and June. 50. Pamphila agricola Boisd.—Not common. 51. Pamphila campestris Boisd.—Common. 52. Pamphila phyleus Dru.—Common. 53- Pamphila melane Edw.—Very common in June. 54. Pyrgus ericetorum Boisd.—3 males and 5 females taken occasionally in the upper portions of the chaparral belt. 55. Pyrgus tessellata Scud.—Common. 56. Nisoniades propertius Lint.—Common. 57. Nisoniades callidus Grinnell.—Very local and rare on the summit, altitude 5886 feet. 58. Nisoniades tristis Boisd.—Not common. In a country which is undergoing such a change as this, in the way of material progress, the natural features of the land are becoming slowly eradicated, and so thoroughly reliable local lists will be extremely valuable to the future students. Prof. W. L. Tower, of the University of Chicago, sailed from New York, on April 8th, for Mexico, where he will spend a year’s leave of absence in entomological investigations. 138 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’05 A New Milesia from Arizona with Notes on Some Wyoming Syrphidae. By Roy L. Moopig, The University of Kansas, Lawrence. The Wyoming Syrphide were collected from June to Sep- tember of the past summer in the central portion of Fremont County, Wyoming, near the town of Lander, which is situated near the eastern base of the Wind River Mountains. The altitudes varied from five thousand to eight thousand feet. The character of the country is that of most of the Western States, dry and but sparsely settled. Very little vegetation grew except along the banks of the streams. Since few, if any, Diptera have been reported from this region I venture to offer these notes on the Syrphidz as a contribution to the geographical distribution of the group. To Doctor F. H. Snow, of the University of Kansas, my warmest thanks are due for permission to study and describe the new J/ilesia. Dr. Charles F. Adams has assisted me greatly by his kind advice and interest in my studies. He has confirmed most of my identifications. Milesia mida sp. nov. Male.—Length 16-18 mm,—Face light yellow, thickly covered with similar pollen and pile, concave below the antennz. Just above the base of the antennz there is a small triangular spot. The antenne and ariste are entirely reddish brown, in profile situated in the middle of the head. Cheeks narrow with a black spot near the orbit. Frontal triangle same as the face. Vertical triangle black, yellow before the ocelli. Eyes bare, in the male contiguous for a short distance. Occiput black, posterior orbits broadly yellowish pollinose. Thorax black, opaque, with light yellow markings, as follows: A pair of median stripes gently converg- ent posteriorly and extending but little beyond the middle of the thorax ; humeral callus oval, slightly elevated, yellow, one millimeter in width, seperated from the adjacent median stripe by a narrow black line ; near the posterior end the median bands are joined by a yellow cross-band which is interrupted between the median bands and extends laterally to the base of the wings; posterior margin of the thorax covered by an entire yellow band; postalar callus yellow. Scutellum black with its posterior margin yellow. Pleura on the anterior border from the humeri to the base of the cox, black. Meso-pleura with a vertical, sterno- pleura with an oval nearly contiguous, spot. Tegulz and halteres yellow. Abdomen: First segment black ; second segment black with a yellow a ie a ee May, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 139 cross-band which begins broadly on the anterior lateral edge of the segment and ends near the middle, where it is broadly interrupted by the black of the segment, the two halves of the band slightly arcuate. On the posterior angles of the segment are two oval reddish yellow spots ; third segment black with a bright yellow cross-band, which is sometimes sub-interrupted by a narrow black line. Posterior edge of the segment crossed by a reddish yellow band ; fourth segment same as the third, except that the posterior reddish yellow band forms the greater part of the segment, is dilated in front in the middle and is covered with reddish yellow pile. Venter: Anteriorly of alternate bands of black and yel- low, posteriorly black. Legs: first two pairs of coxz and all of the trochanters black, with black pile; third coxe yellow with yellow pile ; femora reddish yellow and black, the black with a slight greenish reflection ; middle tibiz and tarsi and hind tibiz and tarsi wholly light yellow ; front tibiz and tarsi black, the tibiz reddish yellow at the base ; pulvilli yellow ; ungues yellow with black tips. fTa6.—Arizona. In structure this species is very similar to Milesia ornata Macq, but may be readily distinguished by its smaller size, darker color and the very different arrangement of the bands on the thorax and abdomen and also by the black anterior tibiz and tarsi which in J/. ornafa are reddish yellow. Milesia pulchra Will. from Guatemala is also very similar in ~ structure to 17. ornata, and it is thus evident that the genus Milesia, as now known, forms a very homogeneous group. Five specimens of the species 17. mida were collected by Dr. F. H. Snow during his expedition to Oak Creek Canon, about twenty miles south of Flagstaff, Arizona. Altitude 6,000 feet. These specimens now form a part of the Entomological collec- tions belonging to the University of Kansas. The following table will be of use in more readily separating the species ot the genus A/ilesia - 1. Anterior tarsi black, posterior ones yellow ..... . . mida sp. nov Anterior and posterior tarsi, either yellowor black. ....... os 2. Anterior and posterior tarsi yellow ........ ornata. Macquart. Anterior and posterior tarsiblack ........ pulchra. Williston. The most abundant of the Diptera in Wyoming last summer were the Asilidz, Bombyliidz and Tachinidz. The rarest were the Syrphidze and the Conopide. Only twenty-five specimens of the latter family were taken all summer, and not until the latter part of August were many Syrphidz observed. 140 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’o5 Arctophila flagrans O. S. Four specimens, three males and one female, of this beauti- ful insect were taken at a spring in the mountains. ‘The specimens were all taken one noon and no more were seen during the rest of our stay there. The spring is situated high up above the canon of the Big Popo Agie River at an altitude of 7,200 feet and issues from the side of Prospect Peak. The insects captured were shy and difficult to take. This species has been reported from Colorado, New Mexico and British Columbia (Osburn). Baccha lemur O. S. One specimen taken in August on flowers of the Cleome integrifolia with other small Diptera and Hymenoptera. Osten Sacken records this species from California, Nevada, Fort Bridger, Wyoming and N. Mex. (Western Diptera, p. 334). Catabomba pyrastri. Two specimens of this species were taken hovering in the air under juniper trees, at an altitude of 6,000 feet, during July, near Lander. Eristalis brousi Will. Two male and four female specimens agree very well with the descriptions and with specimens in the Kansas University collection. In one of the males the mid-dorsal band of the abdomen occupies rather less than a third of the second seg- ment, while in the other male specimen the band occupies more than a third. In the latter specimen the sides of the band are not straight but rather strongly curved. All of the females lack entirely the opaque spots on the third and fourth segments. The female specimens differ also considerably in size from specimens collected in Colorado. The Wyoming speci- mens measure 14 mm. and the Colorado ones less than 11 mm. Eristalis hirtus Loew. Five males and four females of this species show scarcely any variation except in one case, that of a rather diminutive female, which lacks entirely the yellow of the second segment. This species is very closely related to £. datifrons, but may readily be distinguished by the plumose arista in £. hirtus and the bare arista in £. /atifrons. May, ’05]} ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 141 Eristalis latifrons. Loew. Several specimens of this species were taken during July and August. I can discern no variation between the Wyom- ing specimens and ones taken near Lawrence, Kansas. Eristalis montanus Will. One male specimen captured on Beaver Creek, in September, agrees both with the description and with the type specimen ; also a single male from eastern Wyoming. Osburn reports this species from British Columbia. Eristalis flavipes Walker. One male specimen of this species taken on Beaver Creek, in September, differs but little from the description given by Williston in his Synopsis, p. 168. The thorax is crossed by a broad black band and the first four segments of the abdomen are covered with pile of a reddish hue. The tibize are more red than brown. ‘Two specimens in the Kansas University collection show marked variation from the Wyoming speci- men and from each other. In both of these specimens the black stripe is entirely wanting on the thorax and the abdomen _in neither specimen shows a reddish tinge. In one specimen, locality not given, the abdomen is wholly covered with dense yellow pile. The other specimen shows a remarkable varia- tion. In general appearance it resembles to a great degree Mallota cimbiciformis Fall, but in structure it is essentially an Eristalis. The abdomen is entirely black with black pile, ex- cept that the first segment has a small amount of yellow pile. Hab.—Wyoming, Wisconsin, and Williston gives Canada. New England, Washington Territory and Minnesota (Loew). Eupeodes volucris O. S. Two males and five females differ only in size from specimens taken in Colorado and Arizona. One male measures only 6 mm. Helophilus latifrons Loew. This species was not noted until the latter part of August, when numerous specimens of both male and female were taken feeding on flowers of Artemesia and Solidago. The Wyoming specimens uniformily have the median dorsal stripe of the 142 ' ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’05 abdomen wider, otherwise there is little variation from speci- mens taken near Lawrence. Helophilus similis Macq. This species is represented by numerous specimens of both sexes. They were taken in company with the closely allied form ZH. latifrons. Helophilus obscurus Loew. A single specimen of this species agrees with the description, save that there is no brown ring on the hind tibie, the abdo- men is more shining and some of the cross-bands are not interrupted. Paragus bicolor Fabr. But one specimen of this little Syrphid was taken this summer. ‘The specimen, a male, is smaller than the Kansas specimens and the abdomen shows more black. Length 4 mm, Syrphus arcuatus Fall. One female specimen is lighter in color and smaller than a specimen from Arizona. ‘The occiput is rather more pilose, the hind femora more extensively black, and the yellow spots on the fourth segment are only slightly arcuate. . Syrphus ruficaudus Snow. One female specimen measuring 10 mm., taken at the base of Prospect Peak at an altitude of 7,200 feet, agrees very well with Snow’s description (K. U. Quart. ’92). The abdominal band on the third segment is scarcely at all subinterrupted and there is a more noticeable reddish cast to this segment than obtains in the type specimens. The legs in my specimen are entirely reddish yellow and show no signs of black. Taken in August. Syrphus montivagus Snow. One female specimen measuring Io mm. agrees with the de- scription and with the type specimens. Some of the types show more red on the fourth segment than my specimen has. The cross-band is entirely interrupted in the Wyoming specimen and the spots are more arcuated than is the case with any of the type specimens. Among the types I find a i el May, ’05] _ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 143 few in which the cross-bands are entire. The facial tubercle is a little darker in the specimen from Wyoming, and the legs are entirely yellow, with the exception of the tarsi, which are reddish. So far as I am aware the female of this species has never before been reported. All of the type specimens are males. Taken in August on Baldwin Creek. Syritta pipiens Linné. This was the commonest of the Syrphide, found everywhere up to an elevation of 7,500 feet. Collected from June to Sep- tember. Fleas and Disease. By C. F. BAKER. Estacion Agronomica, Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba. No less epoch-marking than the announcements first made of the connection of mosquitoes with malaria and yellow fever is the news which now comes through Dr. Ashmead, the leprosy expert of New York, that Dr. Carrasquillo, of Bogota, has found the bacillus of Hansen in the intestinal canal of fleas. The rapid progress of leprosy after introduction into some of our flea-invested southern cities, from local endemicity to alarming epidemicity, is, according to Dr. Ashmead, probably to be credited to inoculation by flea bites. In connection with the investigation of the relation of fleas to bubonic plague, it has already been shown by the writer (Proc. U. S. National Museum, Vol. X XVII, 1904), that the fleas of rats in the warmer regions of the earth are close rela- tives of the flea specific to human beings, and thus, far more likely to bite human beings than are the fleas of rats in the colder regions, which are only distantly related to Pulex irri- fans. It is now necessary to know if any of these southern rat fleas—of which there are a number of species—voluntarily bite human beings. These investigations, and now the new lines brought into striking prominence by Dr. Ashmead’s announcement, make it of first importance that a complete study be made of all the 144 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. . [May, ’05 species of fleas occurring on rats, mice, dogs, cats, and human beings throughout the United States and tropical America, since any well founded medical and bacteriological investiga- tions of the subject must be based on a thorough scientific knowledge of the fleas themselves, just as in the case of the mosquitoes in their relation to yellow fever. The utmost gravity of the possibilities involved not only justify but render imperative a careful and complete survey. ‘The writer has in progress such a work, in continuation of extensive papers on the fleas already published. Residence in the tropics and in a leprosy center, together with the hearty co-operation of Dr. Howard, of Washington, Dr. Lutz, of Sao Paulo, Brazil, Dr. Carter, of the University of Texas at Galveston, and others, has made possible a good beginning. It is hard to see how anything like a complete survey could be made without also the active co-operation of college and medical men in every part of these regions, the Hawaiian Islands, and the tropical regions of the Far East. The simplicity of the apparatus needed (tweezers, small homceopathic vials of alcohol, and several rat traps) and the ease with which material can be gathered from rats, dogs, cats, and human beings, should make possible the ready co-operation of all biologists and medical men, and a hearty invitation is herewith extended to all such and to any other persons interested. As large series as possi- ble of specimens should be taken and full data as to locality, host, etc., should be inserted in every vial. A direct report will be immediately returned for all specimens sent either to the writer or to Dr. Howard, Government Entomologist in Washington, D. C., U. S. A., and full published credit will later be given for every sending. It will greatly facilitate the rapid progress of the work if entomological, zoological, medical, and pharmaceutical jour- nals the world over will kindly copy this notice. —<3or- LAST SPRING I found enclosed in a cecropia cocoon between the outer and the inner cover a small moth (?) with the deposit of eggs and the empty cocoon of same. The cocoon of cecropia showed two small holes on its side, apparently made from the outside. The larva of cecropia never pupated.—WILLIAM WILD, Buffalo, N. Y. (May have been Varina ornata) Eds. May, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 145 Parasitic Hymenoptera of Algonquin, I[linois.—I. By Wm. A. Nason, M. D. The subjoined list of the Icismeumonide is the first of a series, in which I record as far as is now possible, my captures of the Parasitic Hymenoptera of Algonquin, Illinois. It has proved a very prolific collecting ground for these inseci forms as my lists will show. A short account of the locality will be of value in elucidat- ing the character of this collecting field for exploration. In my notes on a collection, made here, of Micro-Lepidoptera, recently published in the ENTOMOLOGICAL NEws,* I stated that the locality has some peculiar faunal relations. But it has local features equally interesting and important biologically. The village is situated in a triangular valley where a small stream enters the Fox River. It is a valley of erosion, bordered by high bluffs which come close to the river banks except in the triangular delta mentioned above. The bluffs are about one hundred and thirty feet above the level of the Fox River, and in many places are wooded with black, red, white and burr oaks, with an occasional bass-wood and maple “trees interspersed with hickory and black walnut. Back of the bluffs the country is a typical rolling Illinois prairie. Algonquin is in the centre of the northern Illinois dairy region, and for this reason the original prairie vegetation and the undergrowth of the woods have been largely destroyed by the numerous herds of grazing cows which exist in this neigh- borhood. This fact is a prime factor in making this insect fauna peculiar. The food-plants of the species having been largely destroyed by causes stated above, the surviving insects are necessarily those which can adapt themselves to the exist- ing vegetation and -physical conditions. And this makes the present lists especially valuable, as during the next ten or twenty years there must result a great modification of the surviving forms of the present fauna and also result in the creation of new forms and a possible new fauna. more adapted to the future modified conditions. * For January, 1905, page I. 146 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’o05 Quite a percentage of the species enumerated were captured in the sweeping net. This method of collection has yielded rich results in low lands, among growths of bushes, edging woods, among clumps of annual and perennial plants in fence corners, and among the varied growths of vegetation along roadside fences and hedges. Another most prolific field for collection has been the inside of the windows of houses, stores, barns, woodsheds and black- smith shops of the village. Here I have found many of the same species as in adjoining places where I have used the sweeping net. But I have also found many rare and unique forms which the net did not secure and which were evidently cases where the insects, wandering in pursuit of their natural hosts, were entrapped by the windows. One of the best collecting places I found to be the leaves and shoots of the box elder (Wegundo aceroides,) of which there were six trees in my yard. Here, throughout the season of warmth, from March to October, I never failed to find a large series of parisitic Hymenoptera and small Diptera, besides various other insect forms. This species of tree is evidently one which served as an acceptable substitute to a very great variety of insect forms which had lost their original natural food plant. My records show that the time of occurrence of this class of insects varies immensely. Some species were found almost constantly through the.whole season, and were quite broadly distributed, while others occurred only in isolated locations and then only at special limited times. For instance, I found Arenetra canadensis Cress., in flight only on two days during my whole course of collection. This was on March 3rd and March roth—in early spring, when the air was very mild, and yet snow remained a few feet from where the insects were in flight. Another species, Glypta rufopleuralis Walsh, I found on April 27 and 28, 1896, on a few twigs of Megundo aceroides in my yard. They were in abundance on these dates on this one spot on this single tree, but were not to be found on any of the trees of same kind growing near although carefully searched for. The only other specimens found were three on 0's saw ETS ay . May, 05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 147 windows of my house which were undoubtedly stragglers from the lot just described. In fact, the collector of the parasitic and smaller Hymenop- tera can find an extensive collecting ground almost. anywhere. Wherever there is vegetation there are insects and their insect enemies, and abundant material can ever be found to interest and keep busy the active entomologist and student. The identifications in this list of _Ichneumonidze were made by Prof. Geo. C. Davis, formerly of Michigan Agricultural College and author of a Review of the Ichneumonid Subfamily Tryphonine. 4 specimens. I. cincticornis Cress. 2 specimens. I. navus Say. May 15, 1894. June 15-17, 1896. 3 specimens. I malacus Say. Oct. 2, 1895. July 6, 1896. 2 specimens. I. flavicornis Cress. 2 specimens. I. galenus Cress. I specimen. I. ceruleus Cress. May 26, 1896. 4 specimens. I. pepticus Cress. I specimen. I. subcyaneus Cress. Aug. 6, 1896. 3 specimens. ICHNEUMONID 2. I. azotus Cress.. ICHNEUMON L. Sept. 17, 1895. I. maurus Cress. les cstv Oct. 1, 1893. I. brevicinctor Say. 4 specimens. July 17, 26, 29, 1895. I. viola Cress. Io specimens. July 23, 1895. I. extrematatis Cress, Aug. 8, 1896. 2 specimens. I. sagus Cress. I specimen. | I. jejunus Cress. 2 specimens. I. sublatus Cress. July 24, 1895. I specimen. I. sublatus, var. proximus. 14 specimens. I. untfasciatorius Say. June 2, 23, 26, 1896. July 4, 1894. Sept. 12, 1893. 26 specimens. I. bronteus. Cress. I specimen, L. helvipes Cress. June 14, 1894. June 5, 1895. 7 specimens. | | L. consignatus Cress. | I specimen. 148 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, J. vittifrons Cress. July 21, 1896. Aug. 22. 1896. 2 specimens. I. wilsoni Cress. I specimen. I. comes Cress. Sept. 15, 1895. Oct. 16, 1895. Io specimens. I. letus Brulle. July 3, 1894. July 7, 10, 1895. Sept. 22, 1895. Aug. 6, 13, 22, 1896. 14 specimens. I. letus, var. red. I specimen. I. letus, var. 2 specimens. I. mimicus Cress. I specimen. I. flavizonatus Cress. 2 specimens. I parvus Cress. I specimen. I. parvus var. June 28, 1894. I specimen. I. vescus Prov. I specimen. I. jucundus Brullé. July 16, 1893. June 4, 1896. 4 specimens. I succinctus Brullé. June 4, 1896. 2 specimens. I canadensis Cress. I specimen. I. paratus Say. June 13, July 24, 1895. 7 specimens. I. vulviventris Brullé. June 3, 13, 14, 1895. 3 specimens, I. vicinus Cress. 2 specimens. I. seminiger Cress. June 21, 27, 1895. Aug. 13, 1896. 4 specimens. I. vivax Cress. Sept. 17, 1895. I specimen. I. longulus Cress. Aug. 9, 13, 1896. 2 specimens. I. funestus Cress. June 4, 1896. 3 specimens. I. w-album Cress. May 25, 1894. 2 specimens. I. duplicatus Say. June 8, 1895. 4 specimens. I. scitulus, Cress. 3 specimens. I. scitulus, var. I specimen. I. rubicundus Cress. Sept. 11, 1894. 4 specimen. I. soror Cress. I specimen. HOPLISMENUS Grov. HT. morulus Say. June 19, 1894. 2 specimens. TROGUS Grov. T. obsidianator Brullé. I specimen. EURYLABUS Wesm. £. varufus Davis. I specimen. E.. separatus Davis. I specimen. 05 ll ce May, ’05] AMBLYTELES Wesm. A. anceps Cress. June ro, 1894. Sept. 17, 1895. 2 specimens. A. hiulcus Cress. 5 specimens. A. ornatus Cress. Aug. 1, 1895. I specimen. A suturalis Say. Nov. 6, 1895. 2 specimens. A. tetricus Prov. I specimen. PHEOGENES Wesm. P. ater Cress. June 26, 1894. Aug. 31, 1894. Aug. 12, 1895. 7 specimens. P. discus Cress. July 4, 1894. July 31, 1895. 3 specimens. P. fungor Norton. June 28, 1894. June 10, 1896. Aug. 1, 1895. 3 specimens. P. ? hemiteloides Ash. ( Davis.) June 13, 23, 1896. July 17, 1896. 3 specimens. P.? missouriensis Ash. ( Davis.) July 1, 1896. I specimen. P.n. sp. (Davis. ) I specimen. P.n. sp. (Davis: ) I specimen. CENTETERUS Wesm. C. tuberculifrons Prov. I specimen. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. C. n. sp. (Davis. ) July 25, 1895. I specimen. COLPOGNATHUS Wesm. C. helous. April 14, 1896. 2 specimens. HERPESTOMUS Wesm. FH. alternatus (Davis. ) Aug. 8. 1895. I specimen. H!. marginatus ( Davis.) Oct. 16, 1895. I specimen. fT. n. sp. (Davis. ) Sept. 27, 1895. I specimen. #1. n. sp. (Davis. ) July 26, 1895. I specimen. | 1. orbus Prov. Aug. 30, 1894. I specimen. EXOLYTUS Forst. E. aciculatus Davis. 5 specimens. E. cultus Davis. 2 specimens. STILPNUS Grav. | S. americanus Cress. June 2, 15, 1895. Aug. 27, 1895. Sept. 8, 15, 22, 27, 1895. June 8, 1894. July 7, 1894. May 21, 1896. June 4. 1896. 15 specimens. PHYGADEUON Grov. P. caudatus Prov. Sept. 10, 1895. I specimen. 149 150 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. P. impressus Prov. I specimen. P. inflatus Prov. I specimen. P.? lucens Prov. I specimen. P. marginatus Prov. Sept. 4, 1894, 2 specimens. P. nitidulus Prov. July 25, 1895. I specimen. P. parallelus Prov. 2 specimens. P. rotundiceps Prov. June 24, 1895, I specimen. P. subfuscus Cress. Aug. 8. 1895. Oct. 16, 1895. May 18, 29, 1895. July 28, 1896. "5 specimens. P. subspinosus Prov. I specimen. P. vulgaris Cress. May 24, Aug. 7, 1895. 2 specimens. P.n. sp. (Davis. ) I specimen. P.n. sp. (Davis.) I specimen. CRYPTUS Fabr C. alacris Cress. May 20, 1896. I specinien. C. albicollaris Cress. June ‘23, 1896. 2 specimens. C. albitarsts Cress. I specimen. C. americanus Cress. May 8, June 2, July 3, 1894. June, July, Aug., Sept., 1895. 22 specimens.. a, apicatus Prov. Sept. 21, 1894. 1 specimen. | C. brevicauda Ashm. June 7. 8, 1895. 3 specimens. C. canadensis Prov. May 22, 1895. 2 specimens. C. ? elongatus Prov. June 23, 1899. I specimen. C. tucertus Cress. May 25, 1895. I specimen. C. limatus Cress. June 18, 1896. I specimen. C. luctuosus Cress. Aug. 26, 1894. I specimen. C. montivagus Prov. 2 specimens. C. mundus Prov. July 8, 1894. I specimen. C. nigricornus Prov. : 3 specimens. C. notatus Prov. 2 specimens. C. nuncius Say. 2 specimens. C. ? perditus Prov. June 23, 1894. Sept. 15, 1894. Oct. 18, 1894. 3 specimens, C. persimilis Cress. Aug. 8, 1894. May, June, July, Aug., 1894. June, July, Aug., 1896. 26 specimens. C. similis Cress. “June 15, 1895. 3 specimens. May, ’05] C. soror Cress. I specimen. C. vinctus Say. June 4, 1896. July 8, 17, 1896. 3 specimens. C. n. sp. (Davis.) 2 specimens. C. n. sp. (Davis.) July 18, 1895. I specimen. MESOSTENUS Grav. M. gracilis Cress. June 12, 14, 26, 1894. July 4, 9, 1894. Sept. 24, 1895. 7 specimens. MM. thoracicus Cress. June 13, 1895. July 26, 1895. Oct. 5, 1896. 6 specimens. HEMITELES Grav. #1. aletie Riley, 2 specimens. HZ. crassus Prov. Sept. 5, 1895. I specimen. H. humeralis Prov. May 29, June 9, 1894. May 7, July 12, 1895. May 20, June 20, 1896. 54 specimens. HZ. syrphicola Ashm. Aug. 1, 1895. I specimen. HI. pallipennis Prov. July ro, 1895. I specimen. HZ. n. sp. ( Davis.) I specimen. Hf. n. sp. ( Davis.) I specimen. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. H1. utilis Norton. Aug. 12, 1895. I specimen. ORTHOPELMA. | O. bedellie Ashm. Sept. 19, 1895. I specimen. OPHION Fabr. O. btfoveolatum Brullé, 2 specimens. | O. bitineatum Say. May 8, 28, 1895. April 18, May 12, 1896. 17 specimens. O. purgatum Say. July 26, Aug. 1, 1895. June 15, July 17, 1896. 7 specimens. EXOCHILIUM Wesm. | E. mundum Say. June Ig, 1894. 9 specimens. ANOMALON Grav. | A. curtum Norton. I specimen. | A. ferrugineum Norton. April 21, 1894. June 8, 1894. 3 specimens. A. nigrorufum Norton. 6 specimens. A. ? semirufum Norton. May 23, 1895. I specimen. A. rufulum Prov. 2 specimens. OPHELTES Holmer. O. glaucopterus Linn. July 8, 1894. I specimen. 151 152 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’05 PANISCUS Grav. _ L. ductilis Say. P. geminatus Say. June 21, 1895. May 8, 1894. 2 specimens. June 3, Sept. 12. 1895. Ig specimens. CAMPOPLEX Grav. C. alius Norton. 2 specimens. C. argenteus Norton. June 16, 1896. 2 specimens. C. expertus Cress. July 7, 1896. 3 specimens. C. scalarius Prov. June 26, 1894. June 4, 1895. 3 specimens. C. vicinus Prov. 3 specimens. C. vitticollis Norton. June 8, 1895. I specimen. LIMNERIA Holmer. L. argentea Prov. June 10, 1896. I specimen. L. argentifrons Cress. May 15, Oct. 20, 1894. May 30, Sept. 3, 1895. May 21, July 21, 1896. .68 specimens. L. compressa Cress. June 24, Sept. 15, 1895. June 2-10, 1896. 7 specimens. L. conjuncta Cress. June 4, Sept. 15, 1894. Aug. 1, Oct. 27, 1895. 12 specimens. L. dentata Prov. July 15, 1894. _ Sept. 21. 1894. 2 specimens. _ L. dubitata Cress. | Sept. 2-20, 1895. | May 16-20, 1896. 5 specimens. L. flavicincta Davis. June 29, 1895. I specimen. L. flavirista Cress. June 15, 1895. June 18, July 21, 1896. | 8 specimens. Lz fugitiva Say. I specimen. L. fura Cress. June 27, 1895. I specimen. iL. guignardi Prov. July 18, 1895. June 23, 1896. 2 specimens. L. hostilis Cress. June 19, Aug. 26, 1894. 2 specimens. L. marginata Prov. | I specimen. | L. obscura Cress. L. oxylus Cress. May 7, Oct. 16, 1895. 21 specimens. L. pilosula Prov. June 15, Aug. 22, 1895. 2 specimens. L. plena Prov. May 23, 1896. I specimen. L. rivalis Cress. I specimen. L. rufipes Prov. I specimen. L. subrubida Cress. Aug. 30, 1894. May 29, 1896. | 6 specimens. (To be continued.) 7 se — See ee a ne May, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 153 Notes on the Larvae of Certain Lepidoptera. By F. X. Wi_.iAms, San Francisco, Cala. Spinx sequoie Shasta County, Cala. Larva hatches from large pale green egg, oval and eliptically flattened, laid usu- ally singly on the underside of leaf of Cerasus sp. (wild cherry). Full grown larva about two inches long, sea green in color, head triangular and greenish asin Smerinthus. Body very rough and granular; anal horn green, straight and rather short. The lateral oblique lines are scarlet and spots of the same color are scattered sparsely over the body, their number and distinctness different in different individuals. The larva much resembles a Smerinthus caterpillar and the pupa resembles the pupa of the latter, being stout reddish brown in color and having no protruding tongue case. Larva and eggs of P. Sphinx? perelegans were found on manzanita. Calosaturnia mendocino Behr. Eggs laid from one to about ten on leaf of manzanita ; many eggs parasitized. Full grown larve of two colors, one a beautiful green, the other a rich _ reddish brown. The larva is armed with bristles which sting painfully. The cocoon is hidden cunningly. It is sometimes spun between leaves but more often at the base of the trunk of the manzanita, which is covered with the curling bark. The cocoon is spun closely compressed to the trunk and cov- ered with the curling bark in imitation of its surroundings. The larva is rather difficult to rear. Larvee of Papilio daunus were observed feeding on the Oregon ash. A very dark Affacus was reared from a caterpillar feeding on spruce (Shasta County). Larvze were also taken on manzanita and willow. I have taken what I believe to be the larva of Hepzalus seqguotolus Behr. I took several in November feeding in the decumbent stems of yellow lupine and in the thicker roots. The larve resembles the Hepialid larve having large dorsal plates of different sizes on the first four segments. A ie 154 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’05 Variation in Callimorpha. By GEORGE COVERDALE, Hart P. O., Vernon Parish, La. I read with much interest the article inthe January, 1903 number of the ENTOMOLOGICAL NeEws, entitled ‘‘ Variation in Haploa,’’ by H. W. Merrick. After inspecting the plate I decided to send you a pen and ink sketch of some forms of a moth which I supposed must be a ‘‘ Callimorpha,’’ asin habits and structure it seemed to me closely to resemble the European species Callimorpha dominula and C. hera with which I used to be acquainted in the old country. This sketch was made long ago, in 1888, and I am sure they are all of the same species, being taken at one time and place. The European Cadlimor- pha, asyou probably know, are more gorgeous than this insect, being bright scarlet, yellow and black, but if this is not a Ca/- limorpha it is very close kin. Idon’t know how I came to call it C. suffusa. I suppose I gave it that name myself as I have had to do with hundreds of American species, as I have very little American literature and no correspondents who seem to know anything. . When I take a specimen, for instance, a Eupethecia or Grapholitha, Lithocolletes or Nepticula, 1 place it in that genus (European) where it seems best to belong, then give ita specific name of my own, label it and record it, and afterwards record it in my journal by the same name. I should be glad of any help you could give me in the identification of species. After comparing your plate in the ENromMoLooIcAL NEwsS with my sketch I am compelled to state that I do not consider C. suffusa to be the same species as Haploa contigua or 1. mili- taris, ‘The character of the markings is essentially different and they do not vary along the same lines. It is very inter- esting to note these wonderful differences and resemblances, and is a source of exquisite pleasure to the genuine student of nature. I should be glad if you could give me the name of my species or name it for me if it has not one.* I remember to have taken a few specimens of another species which I call C. ochrea. ‘These species of Callimorpha are both extremely local, as are also the European species. When pinned they both exude a bright yellow fluid, and there are other points of resemblance which I could enumerate. If the enclosed sketch would, in your opinion, be of any interest to the readers of the NeEws, you are at liberty to reproduce it or make any use you like of it. * Specimens of these Cudlimorphas were sent to Dr. Dyar who replied as follows: ‘‘The Callimorpha is colona var. reversa Stretch. Suffusa Smith, is a synonym thereof. Co/ona is a yellow form with the same marks. The white form is /u/vicosta Clemens.” " ‘r= F Ent. News, Vol. XVI. al ea ore —- se ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [The Conductors of ENToMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at out earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL News has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- ence, as to make it necessary to put “‘ copy ” into the hands of the printer, for each num- ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘“‘ extras,” without change in form, will be given free, when they are wanted ; and this should be so stated on the MS., along with the number desired. The receipt of all papers wiil be acknowledged.—Eb. PHILADELPHIA, Pa., May. 1905. When we see descriptions and dichotomies with indefinite statements of fact we feel some one has offended science and that the culprit has lost sight of the use to which his descrip- tion or dichotomy is to be put. One needs only to contemplate a moment to realize how meaningless it is to say smaller and in the alternative larger ; isn’t this, to say the least, ambiguous? Why not give the size in millimeters and thus give the next person achance. Antennz slender, antenne thick, is-another _case in point. Here again science would certainly be better - served if the width of the antenna were compared with some other constant appendage of the same specimen or the width of certain joints of an antenna as compared to the length would be close to a positive statement. When we come to describe punctures and punctuation there is more excuse for ambiguity in saying smaller and large or sparse and close, respectively. But here again we would urge comparison with something fixed. The spacing of the punc- tures could be indicated by giving the interstices in terms of individual puncture widths. All portions of an insect and peculiarities of the several . orders might be drawn upon for examples to demonstrate this one principle, z. e. the principle of general utility, which can only be served by the person who undertakes to convey an idea in print to some one else, by constantly repeating ‘‘ How will this appear to the other person, especially the person handi- capped by lack of material ?’’—H. L. V. 155 156 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, ’o05 Notes and News. ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS OF THE GLOBE. Pror. H. A. MorGaAn’s present address is University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennesee. Epitor oF News:—There have been found, stored away in the Smithsonian Institution, a number of copies of the Hayden Report of U. S. Geological Survey for 1871 and 1872. The entomological contents of these volumes are as follows: 1871.—Coleoptera by G. H. Horn, pp. 382-392. Hemiptera of Western U. S., by P. R. Uhler, pp. 392-423 inc. (Many new species deschibed). Saltatorial Orthoptera, by C. Thomas, pp. eee inc. (Many new species described). Butterflies, by Edwards, pp. 466-467. (List collected in 1871, and one new species). 1872.—Coleoptera, by G. H. Horn, p. 717. (List and notes). Orthoptera, by C. Thomas, p. 719-725. (Description of species). Odonata from Yellowstone, by H. Hagen, pp. 727~729. (List and n. sp). Description of New Species of Wal/ophaga, by A. S. Packard, Jr., PP. 735-737. (New species described). Description of New Insects, by A. S. Packard, Jr., pp. 739-741. (Dipterous larva and Arachnids). Insects Inhabiting Great Salt Lake, etc., by A. S. Packard, Jr., Pp. 743-746. (General notes). If any readers of ENTOMOLOGICAL News, who are doing special work in these groups, will write to me, I will send the volume so long as they last.—L. O. Howarp, Chief of Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C. Samia gloveri Strecker.—A specimen (male) of this species emerged to-day after being in pupation over two winters. The full-fed larva was taken in the foothills near Fort Collins during the summer of 1903 by Prof. Gillette. Soon after being brought into the laboratory the larva spun a cocoon in the upper part of a glass jar, which was covered with a thin cloth, thus exposing the pupa to the very dry and warm conditions of the laboratory. In the summer of 1904 the cocoon was moistened with the hope that the adult would emerge, but without success. The cocoon was then split open and the pupa found to be alive. It remained in this condition until February, 1905, when it was placed outside of the window in freezing weather for two or three days. On being brought into the laboratory a little water was put in the bottom of the jar. On March 8th a beautiful moth emerged, perfect in every respect and which does not appear to have suffered from its long sleep.—S. ARTHUR Jounson, Fort Collins, Colo. May, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 157 Doings of Societies. Insect Names. At the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Association of Economic Entomologists, held in Philadelphia on December 29-30, 1904, the Society, with the object of conducing to uni- formity in the use of common names of insects, adopted a report of its Committee on Nomenclature, consisting of Prof. Herbert Osborn, of the University of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio, Chairman ; Prof. F. M. Webster, of the University of Illinois ; and Prof. C. P. Gillette, of the University of Colorado ; recom- mending the publication of the accompanying list of common names of insects, these names being the ones current through- out a large part of the world and throughout the region of the species. They urged that every entomologist use these names and these only, for English names; that the Latin name be included but once in as inconspicuous a manner as possible ; and that copies of this list be furnished to the leading agricu- tural papers of the country, and that the editors of such papers be requested to use these, and these only, in all articles refer- ring to such species. ~ Only names were placed upon the list that were agreed to unanimously, a much larger list remaining under consideration for future action. H. E. Summers, Secretary A. E. E. List of Names Recommended for Exclusive Use. American cockroach, Periplaneta americana L, Angoumois grain-moth, Sitotroga cerealella L. apple-leaf skeletonizer, Canarsia hammondi Riley. apple-aphis, Aphis pomi L. army-worm, Fleliophila unipuncta Haw. asparagus beetle, Crioceris asparagi L. bag-worm, Thyridopteryx ephemereformis Haworth. bean-weevil, Bruchus obtectus Say. bedbug, Ktinophilos lectularia L. boll-weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boh. boll-worm, Hleliothis obscura Fab. brown-tail moth, Euproctis chrysorrhea L. buffalo tree-hopper, Ceresa bubalus Fab. cabbage aphis, Aphis brassice L. 158 carpet-beetle, carpet-moth, cattle-tick, cecropia-moth, chinch-bug, clover-hay worm, codling-moth, Colorado potato-beetle, cotton-stainer, cottony maple-scale, cottony cushion-scale, fall canker-worm, fall web-worm, granary-weevil, grape-phylloxera, gypsy-moth, harlequin cabbage-bug, Hessian-fly, honey-bee, hop-aphis, horn-fly, horse bot-fly, house-fly, indian-meal moth, larder-beetle, leopard-moth, Mediterranean flour moth, onion thrips, oyster-shell scale, peach-borer, peach-scale, pear-slug, pea-weevil, plum-curculio, plum-gouger, rice-weevil, red-legged locust, rose-chafer, San José scale, scurfy scale, silkworm, spring canker-worm, ' squash-bug, striped blister-beetle, tarnished plant-bug, tomato-worm, ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. {May, ’05 Anthrenus scrophularius L. Trichophaga tapetzella L. Boophilus annulatus Say. Platysamia cecropia L. Blissus leucopterus Say. Hypospygia costalis Fab. Carpocapsa pomonella L. Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say. Dysdercus suturellus H. Schf. Pulvinaria innumerabilis Rathv. Icerya purchasi Mask. Alsophila pometaria Harr. Hyphantria cunea Drury. Calandra granaria L. Phylloxera vastatrix Planch. Porthetria dispar LL. Murgantia histrionica Hahn. Cecidomyia destructor Say. Apis mellifera L. Phorodon humuli Schrank. Hematobia serrata R-D. Gastrophilus equi L. Musca domestica L. Plodia interpunctella Hiibn. Dermestes lardarius L. Zeuzera pyrina L. Ephestia kuehniella Zell. Thrips tabaci Lind. Lepidosaphes ulmi L. Sanninoidea exitiosa Say. Eulecanium persice Fabr. Ericampoides liminica Ratz. Bruchus pisorum L. aa Conotrachelus nenuphar Hbst. Anthonomus prunicida Walsh. Calandra oryza L. Melanoplus femur-rubrum. Deg. Macrodactylus subspinosus Fab. Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst. Chionaspis furfura Fh. Bombyx mori L. Paleacrita vernata Peck. Anasa tristis Deg. Epicauta vittata Fab. Lygus pratensis L. Phlegethontius sexta Joh, May, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 159 At the meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social held March II, 1905, at the residence of Mr. H. W. Wenzel, 1523 South 13th Street, Philadelphia, eleven members were present and Mr. Carl Schaeffer, of Brooklyn, visitor. Mr. Schaeffer spoke of his table of genera of the Casszdini and showed color drawings of Coptocycla bicolor, and spoke of the difficulty of separating the same. Prof. John B. Smith spoke of the great attack of the maple scale Pulvinaria innumerabilis on the shade maples in the eastern part of New Jersey, and stated that a large proportion of the insects are dying off. There were an enormous number of young larve discovered last fall, but by shaking and hitting trees they drop off and gradually dry up; there was some parasitism discovered at the same time; at the present time it - is too early to know just what the outcome will be. There was a soot fungus present in the same localities where scales were seen. Mr. Wenzel spoke of the scarcity of insects last year which was discussed by the members. Prof. Smith remarked that New Jersey was practically exempt from /eliothis armiger last year and suggested that the heavy frosts were likely re- sponsible for their extermination. Prof. Smith further stated that absence of parasites last year will very likely account for the many larve which have been turned up by the collectors during winter. Mr. Wenzel exhibited a large number of specimens of Rhagium lineatum, collected on March 12th at Red Bank, Gloucester County, N. J. Mr. Daecke spoke of progess in all orders, and particularly in Tabanide. He remarked that he had taken 20 species of Chrysops in New Jersey, 3 of which are new to list, and 1 or 2 new to science. Mr. Laurent spoke of collecting Heterachthes guadrimaculatus from twigs of hickory. Mr. Haimbach spoke about Desmia funeralis and variety subdivisalis, pointing out that, so far as he had observed, all funeralis specimens are males, and all sudbdivisalis specimens females, which necessarily will drop out name saddivisalzs. . FRANK HAIMBACH, Secretary. ‘ 160 ENTOMOLOGICAL ‘NEWS. [May,’ 05 OBITUARY. FRIEDRICH MORITZ BRAUER. The two distinguished entomologists who took such large parts in the formation of our later classifications of insects, Packard and Brauer, have passed away almost together. In the April NEws we gave a sketch and portrait of the former. To-day we give a brief account of the Austrian naturalist taken mainly from the Necrology published by his colleague in Vienna, Dr. Anton Handlirsch, in the Deutsche Entomolog- ische Zeitschrift for 1905, Heft I. Brauer was born in Vienna May 12, 1832 and died in the same city December 29, 1904. He studied medicine, but early began to publish on insects, first on Neuroptera, later on Diptera. His connection with the Natural History Museum in his native city began in 1861 and continued to his death. He became Privat-dozent at the University in 1872 and Professor in 1874. His chief works were Veuroptera Austriaca, 1857, Reports on the Neuroptera of the Vovara expedition 1863-66, Verzeichniss der Neuropteren im Sinne Linne’s 1868, Monographie der Gs- triden 1863, Zweiflugler der Kaiserlichen Museums, partly in col- laboration with von Bergenstamm, seven parts, 1880-1894, and Systematisch zoologische Studien, 1885. To Brauer naturalists are indebted for the division of the Diptera into Orthorrhapha and Cyclorrhapha, as well as for minor improvements in the arrangement of that order, for the splitting up of the Linnean Neuroptera and other ordinal changes, for the Campodea theory and for numerous observa- tions on the life history and postembryonic development of many Diptera and Neuroptera. He was elected a correspond- ing member of the American Ent. Soc. October 28, 1897. ALBERT A. WRIGHT. Albert A. Wright, professor of geology and zoology at Ober- lin College, at Oberlin, as the result of a paralytic stroke, aged 59 years. Professor Wright was a native of Oberlin and a graduate of Oberlin College. He obtained the degree of Ph. B. from the School of Mines of Columbia University in 1875. The deaths of the following entomologists have also been announced: Ernst Brenske, student of the Melolonthide, in Potsdam, August 13, 1904; George Maximilian von Hopff- garten, Coleopterist, in Dresden, November 23, 1904; Prof. H. Landois, physiologist and entomologist, in Munster, Janu- ary 29, 1905, and Dr. Henri Louis Frederic de Saussure, February 20, 1905, Geneva, Switzerland. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. VoL. XVI. - JUNE, 1905. No. 6. COMBENTS: Cockerell—Three New South Ameri- Skinner—Destructiveness of the Aus- Cah Cocciest 255065 5k 6 sees 161 tralian Roach Periplaneta Austra- Fernald—The Type of the Genus Sphex 163 lasice . os. Banca ces oon 183 Girault—Standards of the Number of Osburn—The Odonata of British Co- Eggs Laid by Insects—III......... 167 lumbia. ...:.ssccmaueptaduemaiawe sas = 46 184 Nason—Parasitic Hymenoptera of Al- Fernald—Different Kinds of Types... 196 gonquin, Illinois................... 368: |’ Editorial. :i2sso-aseanwaucweeeaes a4 66 199 Rehn—Notes on a Small Collection of Entomological Literature............. 200 Orthoptera from the Lesser Antilles 173 | Notes and News...................---. 201 Doings of Societies ...................- 203 _ ‘Three New South American Coccidae. By T. D. A. CocKERELL. Aspidiotus riverz n. sp. Q.—Scale about 3 mm. long, oval,.moderately convex, rough, grayish brown, with the large uncovered ochreous exuviz near one end. ¢.—Length about 1890 # ; mouth-parts large, about 137 # broad; an- tennz represented by a minute tubercle with about five short bristles ; anal orifice about 137 # from hind end, and about 15 # long ; hind end not strongly chitinized, and with no long fusiform processes; but with many submarginal glands, and a row of transverse ones, very much as in Cyhio- naspis hikosani Kuwana: five groups of circumgenital glands, median 7, cephalolaterals 21 to 22, caudolaterals 22 to 23; no noticeable spines or squames ; lobes little developed, represented by three pairs of broad low rounded prominences, all wide apart, the margin between them, and especially beyond the third, irregular with more or less angular promi- nences ; sides of hinder part of insect finely transversely striated. Larva with antennz 75 / long, last joint long and slender, about 25 » long ; eyes (after mounting) very dark blue. HTab.—Province of Arauco, Chile, on stems of Chusguea sp., graminaceous plant (Manuel J. Rivera). This is not a genuine Aspidiotus ; it looks like an Odonaspis or possibly a Pseudaont- dia, but it seems to represent a new group not yet named. 161 162 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. _ [June, ’05 What I take to be male scales are small, oval, white, with exuvize colored as on the female. It is worth while to record that Mr. Rivera sent me Zfidzas- pis piricola (Del Guercio), collected at Santiago, Chile. Ceroplastes schrottkyi n. sp. Q.—Scale circular or nearly flattish, rounded above, dull ochreous, length and breadth each about 8 mm., height about 4% mm., wax 1 to nearly 2 mm. thick ; wax rough, no distinct plates ; some obscure patches of snow-white secretion ; beneath, the four lines of white secretion are close together, converging to a central point ; crushed, the insects give a light vermillion color; boiled, they stain the liquid dark cherry red. Denuded 2 about 6 mm. by 5%, height 3; dark red at the sides; region of anal plates black and thickened ; caudal horn reduced to a low broad mammiform protuberance, directed upwards. Skin dark colored and strongly chitinous, with hyaline spots. Mouth-parts about 210 # broad. Tarsus very short, about 37 # long. Antenne slender, apparently 7- jointed, but the segmentation obscure, joint 2 with a very long fiair near the end ; measurements of jointsin#: (1) 55? (2), 42, (3) 42, (4) prox. 50, (5) 25, (6) 25, (7) 35. FTab.—Villa Encarnacien, Paraguay, on Salix chilensis Mol. (S. humboldtiana Willd.), sent by Mr. Schrottky, who recog- nized it as a new species. The denuded 9 is suggestive of C. africanus Green, especially by the mammiform caudal promi- nence. The antennz are rather like those of C. sinensis Del Guercio, which is otherwise very different, being doubtfully separable from C. mexicanus Ckll.* Ceroplastes sanguineus n. sp. Q.—Scale about 5 mm. long, 4 broad and about 1% high ; very flat, whitish strongly suffused with pink, dark red in middle, with the usual elongate boss of white secretion ; division into plates very distinct. Denuded insect oval, soft, 3% mm. long, 3 broad, about 1% high, very dark caudal horn a black mammiform protuberance. Skin of dorsum with numerous dark tubular glands ; margin with dark tubular glands, ending in sharp dark spines: coxze very long; femur and trochanter about 187; tibia 130; tarsus (excl. claw) 95; claw-digitules with large knobs ; antennz long and slender, 7-jointed, joints measuring in#: (1) 62, (2) 52, (3) 90, (4) 62, (5) 25, (6) 25, (7) 40. On the ventral surface of * Specimens collected by Mr. Marlatt on orange twigs at Monte Carlo and Mentone, have been compared with genuine C. sizensis from Liguria, and with C. mexicanus from Zapotlan, Mexico. I find some differences in the different lots, but the antennz and legs are of the same type in all, and I do not feel satisfied that there is more than one species concerned, June, ’05) ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 163 the insect (as seen without preparation) the segmentation is indicated by black lines. The specimens described have not produced young ; it is probable that they eventually become somewhat more convex. #Hfab.—Villa Encarnacion, Paraguay, on the bark of small branches of a shrub (Waytenus ?), sent by Mr. Schrottky. It was suggested by Mr. Schrottky that the insect might prove identical with C. communis Hempel, but I have specimens of the latter from Mr. Hempel, and it is very different. The flat- tened shape is strongly suggestive of C. depressus Ckll., and C. formicarius Hempel ; but C. sanguineus lacks the whitish ring and radiating purplish lines of the former, and differs from the latter in color, antennz and legs, etc. The antenne of the new species are not much like those of any other species known to me; they are quite different from those of C. aléo- lineatus Ckll., which has the pink color. When C. depressus was discovered, living under bark, it was remarked that the flattened form was excellently adapted to the habitat ; but now we have in C. sanguineus a much flattened species living entirely exposed. : The Type of the Genus Sphex. By H. T. FERNALD, Ph. D., Amherst, Mass. Apparently no determination of the type of the genus Sphex has hitherto been made, and modern writers seem to have accep- ted the group as a natural one without considering whether the name is the one Linnzeus intended for these insects. Recent investigation of this question by the writer, taken up on the supposition that the nomenclature of the group had long been settled, has led to such unexpected results, however, that it seems advisable to present them in connected form at this time. In the tenth edition of the Systema Nature, Linnzeus de- scribes twenty-five species of Sphex : nine of these he places in the subdivision ‘‘ Abdomine petiolato; petiolo elongato ;’’ while the other sixteen are located in the division ‘‘ Abdomine subsessili.’’ Seven of the species are exotic from. the stand- point of the author, hence of course are not available as possi- ble types, leaving eighteen for consideration. Of these, all 164 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’o05 have been removed from Spex and placed in other genera, so that there is now no Linnzean species of Sphex of the tenth edition of the Systema Naturz remaining, though the genus is well supplied with species. How this came about is interesting. The twelfth edition of the Systema Nature and the works of succeeding writers added new species to the genus—species which met the diag- nostic requirements of Sphex, but which nevertheless were not congeneric with any of those originally placed there. And while this process of addition was going on different writers were subtracting the original members of the genus and plac- ing them elsewhere. Thus gradually and unconsciously the genus Sphex came to signify to the entomologists of the nine- teenth century a group of insects quite different from any of those to which Linnzeus had assigned it, and in 1805 the last species of the original list—Sphex pectinipes—was transferred by Panzer to Larra, and has finally found a resting place in Tachysphex. If determination of the type by elimination were to be given inflexible acceptance it would follow from the above that fec- tintpes should never have been removed from Sphex, but should have been left as the type of the genus. But to correct this mistake, one hundred years old as it is, would involve such vast changes that it seemed better to the writer to seek for other methods of settling the case, and that of citation was therefore tested. In 1761 appeared the ‘‘ Fauna Suecica,’’ by Linnzeus, its dedication page dated ‘‘ Upsaliz, 1761, d. 28 Julii.,’’ and the ‘* Die Kennzeichen der Insekten’’ by J. H. Sulzer, containing _ an introduction by Dr. John Gesner which is dated ‘‘ Den 26 Aug., 1761.’’ ‘These dates are presumptive evidence that the _ “Fauna Suecica’’ was the earlier publication of the two. In this work Linnzeus lists under Sp/ea thirteen of the species of the Systema Nature, while Sulzer givestwo. But one of these two had been removed by Linnzeus to the genus Chvyszs, leav- ing but one species common to both works—Sphex sabulosa— which would accordingly become the type of the genus. If the writings of subsequent entomologists down to the nine- June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 165 teenth century be examined it will be found that whatever changes in the list of species of Sphex were made, sabulosa was always retained in that genus, showing that the older entomo- logists regarded it as a true Spex. Thus Blumenbach, in his ‘* Handbuch der Naturgeschichte,’’ gives brief descriptions of the different genera with the names of one (sometimes two) species as examples, and under Spex he gives sabulosa as the sole example. Fabricius, in his ‘‘ Systema Piezatorum’’ in 1804, also recognizes the way in which the name Spex was being used, for, rejecting Kirby’s genus Ammophila established in 1798, in which sadulosa had been placed, he restores this species 10 Sphex and establishes the genus Fepsis for the post- Linnean insects which had been placed in Sphex by later writers. Linnzus’ own rule that where a genus is divided the old generic name should be retained for that part of the genus including the most common or medicinal species should surely have weight in any case dealing with a Linnzean type, and the two species best known and best described by him appear to be sabulosa and spirifex. The latter being omitted from his **Fauna Suecica,’’ three years later, however, again leaves sabulosa as the type of the genus Sphex. This result is far less disturbing to nomenclature than the alternative one making fectinipes the type as it leaves the name of the family as before. The main changes produced will be that Ammophila will become a synonym of Spex and the subfamily Ammophiline will become the Sphecing, and a new name will be needed for the genus recently known as Sphex. As there seem to have been no synonyms for this which can now be revived, the oldest subgenus Ch/orion may be raised to generic rank (which was its original standing) as the generic name. A new name for the former subgenus Sphex will also be needed and for this the writer proposes the name Pvoferos- phex (from réorepos older =oynf wasp) suggesting the name used for the insects of this group during the last century. The results of these changes may perhaps be better epiec: ated by a comparison of the following tables : 166 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’o5 PRESENT ARRANGEMENT. Family. Subfamilies. Genera. Subgenera. Chlorion Palmodes Sphecinze ~- ( Sphex P arasphex Priononyx. : Sphex aphpcidte ( Tsodontia ia Ammophila Ammophilinze { Poanninphtta Sceliphroninze PROPOSED ARRANGEMENT. Family. Subfamilies. Genera. Subgenera. Chlorion Palmodes Chlorioninze Chlorion Parasphex Priononyx i Proterosphex cite Bassi Sphecinze Sphex Psammophila Sceliphroninze The type of the subgenus Proterosphex thus established is Sphex maxillosus Fab., as was designated for the subgenus Sphex by Kohl., as Proterosphex replaces that name. Throughout this investigation it has been a great satisfac- tion to have had the active co-operation of Dr. W. H. Ash- mead, and of Dr. C. W. Stiles, who is a member of the Commis- sion on Nomenclature of the International Zoological Congress. These gentlemen have gone over the whole subject thoroughly and have fully endorsed the views herein presented, and the writer desires to express his deep appreciation of their kindness. It may be added that the family name for this group of insects should be Sphecidz rather than Sphegide, the genitive of Sphex being Sphecos, not Sphegis. The correct formation has already been indicated in the Century Dictionary. June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 167 Standards of the Number of Eggs Laid by Insects—III.* Being averages obtained by actual count of the combined eggs from twenty (20) depositions or masses. By ARSENE GIRAULT. 4 HEMEROCAMPA (NOTOLOPHUS) LEUCOSTIGMA Smith and Abbot. No. counted | Successive} Av. : No. Sdeoanad pacpuias Totals | Bee per | Max. Min. | Range 1 | March 25, 1903 764 764 764 764 764 2 531 1295 647-5 a 533 1728 576 4 495 - 2223 559 5 | Jan. 17, 1904 539 2763 552 6 461 3223 537 7 507 3730 532.9 8 561 4291 536 9 | Jan. 25, 1905 509 4800 533-3 10 347 5147 514.7 II 173 5320 483.6 12 250 557° 464 13 362 | «= 5932 456 14 33! | 6263 447 15 594 | 6857 457 16 282 | 7139 446 17 300 7439 438 . 18 163 7602 422 163 | 163 19 521 8123 427.5 20 184 8307 415 20; 8307 415 764 163) 601 Although this insect has been studied thoroughly, the esti- mates of the number of eggs deposited by it vary from one to eight hundred. On the whole, however, the estimates ap- proch the average here obtained. The egg-masses, from which these counts were made, were taken from various trees in Maryland, Virginia and the Dis- trict of Columbia. Pror. Jas. S. Hine, of the Ohio State University, who has spent the winter collecting in Guatemala, has returned with an excellent collection in various groups of animals but especially of insects, it being particu- larly rich in Diptera and Hemiptera. * For the first and second of these series, see ENT. NEWS, I901, p. 305, and 1904, pp. 2-3. 168 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, ’os . Parasitic Hymenoptera of Algonquin, Illinois.—I. By Wm. A. Nason, M. D. (Continued from page 152, Vol. xvi, No. 5.) L.? solenobie Ashm. May 6, 1894. Sept. 17, 1895. 2 specimens. L. tibator Cress. 3 specimens. L. valida Cress. I specimen. L. vicina Cress. Sept. 19, 1894. May 29, Oct. 13, 1895. 24 specimens. L. ? occidentalis Ashm. Aug. 8, 1895. I specimen. CREMASTUS Grav. C. ferrugineus Davis. 2 specimens. C. hartit Ashm. June 11, Sept. ro, 1895. June 14, July 1, 1896. 20 specimens. MESOCHORUS Grav. M. americanus Cress. Aug. 26, 30, 1894. 2 specimens. M. luteipes Cress. Sept. 21. 1894. I specimen. M. aprilinus Ashm. I specimen. PORIZON Grav. P. ? albipennis Cress. May 25, 1894. I specimen. EIPHOSOMA Cress. E. texana Cress. © July ro, 1895. I specimen. THERSILOCHUS Holmer. T. mellipes Ash. I specimen. T. micans Prov. May 6, 1894. Aug. 29, 1894. 2 specimens. T. pallipes Prov. May 23, June 6, 1895. 5 specimens. T. montanus Ashm. May 5, 1894. I specimen. T. provancheri Ashm. June 6-8, 1895. 2 specimens. CERATOSOMA Cress. C. rubyata Davis. I specimen. TRICLISTUS Foerst. T. curvator Fab. June 23, 1896. I specimen. METACELUS Foerst. M. levis Cress. June 11, Oct. 9, 1893. June 4, July 25, 1894. May 8, Aug. 2, 1895. May 21, Oct. 5, 1896. 24 specimens. EXOCHUS Grav. E. semirufus Cress. I specimen. DELETAR Foerst. D. undulatus Davis. I specimen. D. obscurus Davis. I specimen, = ? June, ’05] ATMETUS Foerst. . A. nigritus Ashm. May 7-9, 1895. May 3, 1896. 3 specimens. A. carniatus Prov. July 19, 1895. Aug. 2, 1895. 2 specimens. ORTHOCENTRUS Grav. . nigricoxus Prov. medialis Davis. I specimen. O. canadensis Prov. July 23, 1895. I specimen. CAMEROTOPS Foerst. A. asperus Davis, I specimen. BASSUS Grav. B. letatarius Fabr. April 29, Sept. 19, 1894. May 8, June 12, 1895. May 20, Aug. 2, 1896. 27 specimens. B. letatarius var. sycophanta Walsh. June 12, Sept. 10, 1895. Io specimens. B. letatarius var. tripicticrus Walsh. 2 specimens. B. scutellaris Cress. May 12, Aug. 8, 1895. 9 specimens. °o9 PROMETHUS Foerst. P. elongatus Prov. Aug. 31, 1894. I specimen. P. ruficrus Walsh. June 21, 1896. 2 specimens. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. ZOOTREPHES Foerst. Z. inconstans Davis. May 14, 1894. I specimen. Z. montanus Davis. Aug. 10, 1895. I specimen. ENIZEMUM Foerst. E. tibiale Cress. ‘June 10, 1895. I specimen. SYRPHOCTONUS Foerst. S. agilis Cress. May Io, 1896. June ro. Oct. 16, 1895. 4 specimens. S. pleuralis Cress. June 13, 1895. I specimen. S. pactficus Cress. May 29, 1895. July 12, 1895. 2 specimens: HOMOTROPUS Foerst. HT. bicapillaris Walsh. June 14, 1896. I specimen. H. bicapillaris var. albopictus Walsh. June 14, 1895. I specimen. EXCAVARUS Davis. E. annulipes Cress. ADELOGNATHUS Holmg. A. flavopictus Davis. CATASTENUS Foerst. C. glabrifrons Davis. I specimen. C. valerius Davis. I specimen. 170 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. MIOMERIS Foerst. M. nasoni Davis. I specimen. HELICTES Haliday. H.. ruficornis Davis. I specimen. CAMPOTHREPTUS Foerst. C. nasutus Cress. May 21, 1896. I specimen. CETOPHORUS Foerst. O. nasoni Davis. I specimen. ECZETESIS Foerst. E. paniscoides Ashm. EUCEROS Grav. E. ebesa Davis. I specimen. E.. medialis Cress. June 3, 1895. I specimen. £E. flavescens Cress. 2 specimens. MONOBLASTUS Hartig. M. varifrons Cress. POLYBLASTUS Hartig. P. varitarsus Grav. June 6, 1895. I specimen. LATHROLESTES Foerst. L. nasont Davis. RHIMPHALEA Foerst. R. brevicorpa Davis. I specimen. DIALGES Foerst. D. frontalis Davis. May Ig, 1896. I specimen, - QUADRIGANA Davis. QO. americana Cress. 8 specimens. TRYPHON Fallen. T. seminiger Cress. June 4, 1894. June 19, July 10, 1895. May 29, June 4, 1896. 2I specimens. T. communis, var. atripes. May 23, 1895. I specimen. CALLIPHRURUS Foerst. C. granulosus Davis. I specimen. MESOLEIUS Holmg. MM. submarginatus Cress. I specimen. SPANOTECNUS Foerst. SS. concolor Cress. June 10, 1896. I specimen. PROSMOSUS Foerst. C. cymbaformus Davis. I specimen. CATOGLYPTUS Foerst. C. furcatus Cress. June 4-13, 1895. 2 specimens. ALEXETER Foerst. A, honestus Cress. POLYONCUS Foerst. P. mentalis Davis. July 12, 1895. I specimen. AROTES Gray, A. amenus Cress. 2 specimens, [June, ’05 June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 171 THALESSA Holmer. June 7-14, 1895. T. lunator Fabr. ' July 2, Aug. 2, 1896. June 23, 1895. 5 specimens. Io specimens. P. indagatriz Walsh. T. sp. May 3, Aug. 30, 1894. 2 specimens. June 7, Sept. 29, 1895. Io specimens. PERITHOUS Holmgr. P. inquisi oor Sia P. pleuralis Cress. June 19, Aug. 29, 1894. June 3, 1895. June ro, 1895. 3 specimens. June 23, 1896. THERONIA Holmer. T. melanocephala Brulli. I specimen. EPHIALTES Grav. E. albipes Cress. I specimen. E. irritator Fabr. May 9, July 24, 1895. April 25, July 4, 1896. I5 specimens. £. rex Kriechb. I specimen. _ £. thoracicus Cress. Sept. 7, 1896. I specimen. PIMPLA Fabr. P. equalis Prov. Aug. 31, 1894. I specimen. P. alboricta Cress. June 15, 1895. I specimen. P. annulipes. May 13, June 28, 1894. June 20, Sept. 17, 1895. July 1, Aug. 8, 1896. 46 specimens. P. conquisitor Say. July 22, Oct. 17, 1894. June 3, Sept. 10, 1895. 16 specimens. P. conguisitor, var. rufuscula Io specimens. P. investigatrix Walsh. I specimen. P. pedalis Cress. 20 specimens. P. picticornis Cress. I specimen. P. pterelas Say. Aug. 26-30, 1894. Sept. 2, Oct. 16, 1895. 6 specimens. P. rufopectus Cress. Oct. 9, 1893. June 11-14, 1895. 5 specimens. ~ P. rufovariata Cress. June 20, Oct. 5, 1895. July 17, Aug. 11, 1896. 4 specimens. P. scriptifrons Cress. Aug. 8, 1895. 2 specimens. P. tenuicornis Cress. 4 specimens. P. vidua Walsh. June Io, 1894. I specimen. CLISTOPYGA Grav. C. nigrocephalus Davis. GLYPTA Grav. G. erratica Cress. July 17, 1896. I specimen, 172 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. G. impressa Davis. I specimen. G. pulchripes Cress. Aug. 11, 1896. I specimen. G. rufipleuralis Walsh. April 27, June 14, 1896. 26 specimens. G. rufiscutellaris Cress. July 12, 1895. I specimen. G. simplicipes Cress, June 24, 1894. June 13, 1895. 4 specimens. G. varipes Cress. I specimen. ARENETRA Holmer. A. canadensis Cress. March 3-10, 1894. 1I specimens. CYLLOCERIA Schiddte. C. occidentalis Cress. Aug. 31, 1894. May 29, 1896. 2 specimens. LAMPRONOTA Curtis. L. americana Cress. Sept. 19, 1894. July 24, Sept. 17, 1895. 8 specimens. L.? breviventris Walsh. June Io, 1896. I specimen. L. fractus Prov. Sept. 17, 1895. I specimen. L. exilis Cress. June 10, 1896. 2 specimens. L. montana Cress. Oct. 4-10, 1895. 2 specimens. L. parva Cress. 2 specimens. L. varia Cress. July 22, Aug. 3, 1894. July 20-26, 1875. 5 specimens. PHYTODIETUS Grav. P. vulgaris Cress. June 1, 1896. 3 specimens. EUXORIDES Cress. E. americanus Cress. June 10, 1895. I specimen. XYLONOMUS Grav. X. stigmapterus Say. I specimen. APLOMERUS Prov. A. nasoni Davis. I specimen. LABENA Cress. L. apicalis Cress. Sept. ro, 1895. I specimen. L. grallator Say. July 2, 1896. 5 specimens. GROTEA Cress. G. anguina Cress. June 21, 1894. 2 specimens. Mamma, I don’t understand these fire-flies. Mamma—What puzzles you, dear?”’ Well, ain’t it funny that the wind don’t blow their lights out? [June, 05 June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 173 Notes on a Small Collection of Orthoptera from the Lesser Antilles, with the Description of a New Species of Orphulella. By JAmEs A. G. REHN. (Plate VIII.) The collection from which the following notes were made was transmitted to the author by Mr. H. A. Ballou, Entomo- logist of the Imperial Department of Agriculture for the Brit- ish West Indies. The bulk of the material was presented to the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, a small number of uniques and species confused under one number being returned to the Department. With few exceptions the following records are the first from the islands represented, several South American forms being here recorded from the West Indies for the first. On comparison with the lists of St. Vincent and Grenada Orthoptera published by Brunner and Redtenbacher,* the number of species is found to be much less as the material is much less extensive, twenty-eight in number, while the St. Vincent and Grenada papers list eighty-two, but of the twenty- eight forms here treated, thirteen are not contained in the two previous papers. Probably the most striking fact noticed in studying this collection is that regarding the distribution of the two species of Orphulella here treated. The widely distributed O. punctata is represented by specimens from Dominica and St. Lucia, having also been recorded from Grenada, St. Vincent and Trinidad, while on Barbados it is apparently replaced by a quite distinct species, which, judging from the amount of material examined, is as abundant as O. punctata is in the locali- ties where found. Family FORFICULIDE. ANISOLABIS Fieber. Anisolabis maritima (Gené). Barbados. September 13, 1901. (In seaweed; H. M. Le- * Proc. Zod]. Soc., London, 1892, pp. 196-221 ; 1893, pp. 599-611. 174 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, ’o5 froy.) [No. G363.] Five specimens ranging in size from small immature individuals to adults. This species was taken in October under dead wood in St. Vincent. Anisolabis janeirensis (Dohrn). 1864. F[orcinella] Janeirensis Dohrn, Entom. Zeit. Stettin, xxv, p. 285. [Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ] Barbados. February 13, 1902. [No. 383.] One broken specimen. August 12,1903. (Dr. Deane.) [No. 529.] One specimen. September 10, 1003. (H.A. Ballou.) One speci- men. Dominica. April5, 1902. (Rotten wood.) One specimen. This species has been recorded from St. Vincent, taken in January and October, under wood and leaves and in fruit. One specimen examined (September 10, 1903) has the teg- mina decidedly elongate and lateral, instead of broad and separated mesad by a slight space. This may be due to the specimen not having quite reached the imago state. Family BLATTIDA. ISCHNOPTERA Burmeister. Ischnoptera occidentalis Saussure. 1862. J[schnoptera] occidentalis Saussure, Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 2e ser., xiv, p. 170. [New Orleans.*] Barbados. July 10, 1903. (H. A. Ballou.) [No. 213.] Three specimens. Dominica. (H.M. Lefroy.) [No. G213.] One specimen. This species has previously been recorded from Grenada, San Domingo, Mexico, Peru and the type locality. 3 BLATTELLA Caudell. Blattella supellectilium (Serville). Barbados. November 5, 1go1 (one). (H. M. Lefroy.) [No. G107.] Two males. Bay Mansion. July, 1903. (H. A. Ballou.) [No. 560.] One female. This species has previously been recorded in America from * The original description simply gives ‘‘ Nova”’ as the locality, but in the Mémoires (Mém. I’Hist. Nat. Mexiq., iv, p. 88) the locality New Orleans is indicated for the single specimen described. June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 175 southern Florida, Cuba, San Domingo, Jamaica, Porto Rico and Brazil. Blattella conspersa (Brunner). 1865. PA{ yllodromia] conspersa Brunner, Nouv. Syst. Blatt., p. 106. [Brazil]. Barbados. [No. G4o08.] One male. This specimen agrees very well with the original description of this species, except that the lines on the pronotum are not apparent, only small spots being present. The great number of fine blackish dots sprinkled over the tegmina appears to be diagnostic of the species. CERATINOPTERA Brunner. 1865. Ceratinopiera Brunner, Nouv. Syst. Blatt., pp. 46, 75. Included C. diaphana (Fabricius), picta, castanea and peru- viana Brunner, peyz and forcellana Saussure. Of these peyi and forcellana have been removed to Plectoptera, and picta has been selected as the type by Kirby.* Ceratinoptera diaphana (Fabricius). ; 1793. [Blatta] diaphana Fabricius, Ent. Syst., ii. p. 11. [Islands of equatorial America. } Barbados. Easy Hall. September 24, 1902. (H. M. Le- froy.) [No. 560.] One female. This species has previously been recorded from Cuba, Porto Rico, St. Thomas and Bermuda. PERIPLANETA Burmeister. Periplaneta americana (Linnzus). Barbados. June, 1901 and October 18, 1902. [No. 163.] Three specimens. Periplaneta australasie (Fabricius). Barbados. February 12, July and December, 1903. [No. 163.] Three specimens. CHORISONEURA Brunner. Chorisoneura mysteca (Saussure) ? 1862. 4/[atta] mysteca Saussure, Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 2e ser., xiv, p. 167. [Tropical Mexico. ] Barbados. October, 1902. (Miss Field.) [No. 408.] One specimen. * A Synonym. Catal. Orth., i, p. 98, 1904. 176 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’o05 This individual is referred to mysteca with some doubt. This species has been recorded from Grenada, as well as Bogota and several localities in Guatemala and Mexico. LEUCOPHZA Brunner. Leucophea madere (Fabricius). Barbados. December 30, 1902, and September 26, 1902. [No. 108.] Three specimens. This widely distributed tropical species has previously been recorded from St. Vincent. PYCNOSCELUS Scudder. Pycnoscelus surinamensis (Linnzus). Barbados. February, 1900. (H. M. Lefroy, in part.) [No. G20 and G153.] Four specimens. One individual (G 153) is very pale and considerably shriv- elled, a condition probably due to it having been captured when freshly transformed into the condition of the imago. This tropical and subtropical species has Been taken in Gre- nada and St. Vincent. PANCHLORA Burmeister. Panchlora virescens (Thunberg). “‘Blatta virescens Thunberg, Mém. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb., x, p. 278.” Montserrat. January, 1904. (H.A. Ballou.) [No. 153.] One female. This species has previously been recorded from Cuba, Porto Rico, Mexico, Cayenne and Brazil and questionably from Costa Rica. Family MANTID. MUSONIA Stal. Musonia surinama (Saussure). Barbados. Bay Mansion. December, 1903. [No. 102.] One male, one female. November7, 1903. (H.A. Ballou.) [No. 600.] One male. (H.M. Lefroy.) [No.G1o02.] Two males. This species has previously been recorded from Grenada, St. Vincent, Trinidad, Surinam and Venezuela. PARASTAGMATOPTERA Saussure. 1871. Parastagmatoptera Saussure, Mém. |’Hist. Nat. Mexig,., ii, pt. I, p. 83. Type: Mantis flavoguttata Serville. ENT. News, Vou. XVI. Pl. VIII. Fig. 1.—Orphuella punctata (De Geer). Female. Dominica. Dorsal view of head and pronotum. Fig. 2.—Orphulella balloui n. sp. Dorsal view of head and pronotum of female type. Fig. 3.—Lateral view of specimen represented in fig. 2 (X< 3). June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 177 Parastagmatoptera lobipes Redtenbacher. 1892. Plarastagmatoptera] lobipes Redtenbacher, Proc. Zodl. Soc. London, 1892, p. 206, pl. xv, fig. 8. [South end, St. Vincent.] St. Vincent. August 30, 1902. (T. W. Campbell.) [No. G453-] One female. This species was originally described trom St. Vincent, and has since been recorded from Grenada. Family PHASMID. CLONISTRIA Stal. Clonistria linearis (Drury) ? St. Lucia. July, 1904. (H.H. Ballou.) [No. 622.] One male. This species has been recorded from St. Vincent and Gre- nada, and the specimen listed above is placed here with a query, as true “meavis (from Antigua) was Mott imperfectly described. CALYNDA Stal. Calynda keratosqueleton (Olivier). 1762. Mantis keratosqueleton Olivier, Encyc. Method., Ins., vii, p. 639. [Based on Stoll; Surinam. ] Barbados. September and October, 1902. [No. 623.] Two - females. This species has never before been recorded definitely from any one of the West Indies, several authors having credited it to the islands as a whole. A closely allied form, C. cyphus (Westwood) has been recorded from St. Vincent and Grenada, but in the absence of a description of the female sex of that species, and the apparently close relationship to Stoll’s figure,* I prefer to tentatively use a name based on the same sex as the material in hand. Family ACRIDIDA. ORPHULELLA Giglio-Tos. Orphulella punctata (DeGeer). (PI. viii, Fig. 1.) St. Lucia. (No. 440.) One male, one female, one nymph. Dominica: Middleham. November 25, 1891. (W. R. Elliot.) [No. 319.] One female. * Natuurl. Afbeeld. Besch. Spooken, pl. xv, fig. 57. 178 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’o05 Not separable from specimens from St. Vincent, Vera Cruz and Costa Rica. The species has previously been recorded from Grenada and St. Vincent, in the Lesser Antilles, as well as from Trinidad. Orphulella ballouin. sp. (PI. viii, Figs. 2 and 3). Types: dand9; Bay Estate, Barbados, West Indies, Sep- tember 9, 1902 (¢) and September 30, 1902 (9). (H. M. Lefroy.) [A. N.S. Phila.] Allied to O. punctata (DeGeer) but differing in the slenderer form, the more retreating face, the narrower excavation of the fastigium, the longer eye, narrower costal expansion of the tegmina and the much slenderer caudal femora. Size medium ; form elongate, slender. Head with the occiput and vertex hardly rounded, the interspace between the eyes slightly less than the greatest width of the fastigium ; fastigium acute in both sexes, the margins raised and cingulate, excavation limited to a narrow depression caudad of the margins in the female, the greater portion of the dorsal aspect of the fastigium depressed in the male and without any very dis- tinct excavation ; lateral foveolz elongate trigonal ; frontal costa strongly constricted dorsad, regularly and gradually expanding ventrad ; latera] ocelli rather large, placed by the eye at the ventro-caudal angle of the lateral foveola; eye acute ovate, the apex directed dorso-cephalad, length over half again that of the infra-ocular portion of the genz ; anten- nz depressed, subensiform, slightly shorter than the head and pronotum together. Pronotum slightly less than twice as long as the greatest dorsal width, slightly tectate, median and lateral carinz distinct, the lateral parallel on about the cephalic half, slightly and gradually diverging on the caudal half; cephalic margin subtruncate, caudal margin obtuse- angulate ; metazona slightly shorter than the prozona; lateral lobes with the ventro-caudal angle rectangulate. Tegmina elongate, considerably exceeding the apex of the abdomen and slightly exceeding the femora ; apex rounded, costal expansion low. Interspace between the mesoster- nal lobes very distinctly (male) or slightly (female) longitudinal ; inter- space between the metasternal lobes very narrow and strongly longitudi- nal in the female, the lobes contiguous in the male. Cephalic and median limbs little inflated. Caudal femora slender, over four times as long as the greatest width, which is in the basal third, genicular region very slightly arched, lobes narrowly rounded ; caudal tibize with eleven spines on the external and twelve on the internal margins. General color varying from wood brown to russet, overlaid with the usual markings found in the brown phase of species of the genus ; the male type having the base color buff on the head and pronotum. Postocular bars and rather weak longitudinal occipital bars bistre ; eyes raw umber, . June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 179 Pronotum with the lateral lobes marked dorsad with bistre in the male, all except a distinct bar of buff on the ventral portion of the lateral lobes being obscured. Tegmina of the general color, the anal areas lighter than discoidal in the male, maculations exceedingly faint in the female, and practically absent in the male. Caudal femora with the genicular arches burnt umber ; ventral surface and the tips of the spines on the tibize bistre. MEASUREMENTS : of 2 beneath of body... a6 <6, 58::... I5. mm. 21.5 mm, Length of pronotum,. ...... = “ PY. Seas Greatest dorsal width of pronotum,. 1.9 ‘“ Zgue Length oftegmen, ........ 14.) See Length of caudalfemur, .... . 10. Fae “ A series of twenty-one Barbados specimens have been ex- amined in addition to the types, taken in the months of Janu- ary, August, September and October. Considerable variation is exhibited in the size of the females, two specimens particu- larly (Bay Estate, September 20 and 25, 1902) being little larger than males. The coloration exhibits the great range of variation noticed in the species of this genus, a distinct green phase being contained in the collection and represented by two specimens, one of each sex. Some females are extremely dark colored, which condition is also found in O. punctata, while others are quite pale. This species can readily be separated from O. punctata by the characters given in the diagnosis, the more appreciable being the more retreating face and the slenderer caudal femora. I take pleasure in dedicating this species to Mr. H. A. Ballou, Entomologist to the Imperial Department of Agriculture for the West Indies, through whose kindness I received the present collection for study. SCHISTOCERCA Stal. Schistocerca pallens (Thunberg). ; : Barbados. November 15, 1902, and June 2, 1903. [No. 1o.] One male, three females. These specimens have the tegmina more pantherine than in Cuban specimens of this species which have been examined in this connection, but they are no doubt the same. This species has been recorded from Cuba, Hayti, Jamaica and St. Vincent in the Antilles. 180 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’o5 Family TETTIGONIDA. TURPILIA Stal. 1874. Turpilia Stal, Recensio Orthopterorum, ii, p. 16, 31. Type: TZ. punctata Stal. Turpilia punctata Stal. 1874. Turpilia punctata Stal, Recensio Orthopterorum, ii, p. 31. [Island of St. Bartholomew. ] Dominica. October, t901. (H. M. Lefroy.) [No. 221.] One female. Montserrat. August, 1901 (on lime tree). (H. M. Lefroy.) [No. 221.] One female. This species has previously been recorded only from the type locality. XEROPHYLLOPTERYX * new name. 1895. Xeropteryx Brunner, Monographie der Pseudophylliden, p. 102. (Not of Butler, Journ. Linn. Soc., London, xvii, p. 203, 1883. ) Xerophyllopteryx fumosa (Brunner). 1895. Xeropteryx fumosa Brunner, Monographie der Pseudophylli- den, p. 103, fig. 45. [South America ; Guadeloupe. ] St. Lucia. February 25, 1902, and March, 1902. (H. M. Lefroy, in part.) [Nos. 223 and 405.] Three males, ‘one female. This species has not been recorded since the original descrip- tion, and from the known localities would appear to have a rather wide distribution. Some variation is apparent in the size of the male individuals. CONOCEPHALUS Thunberg. Conocephalus obscurellus Redtenbacher. Barbados. (H. M. Lefroy, in part.) September 27, 1903. [No. 80.] Six males, nine females. This series exhibits a great amount of variation in the inten- sity of the coloration, the size being quite constant. This species ranges from the Gulf States to Venezuela. Conocephalus macropterus Redtenbacher. Barbados. September 7, 1903. [No. 384.] Two females, * Enpos Ary, puAdAas leaf, rrepvg wing. June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 181 St. Lucia. February, 1902. [No. 384.] One female. Montserrat. January, 1904. [H. A. Ballou.) [No. 384.] One female. The individual from Montserrat considerably exceeds the others in size, equalling the Venezuela female mentioned by Redtenbacher.* They all agree with a series of specimens from Jalapa, Vera Cruz, Mexico, which also exhibits considerable variation in size. This species ranges from Cuba to Buenos Ayres, and has been definitely recorded from Martinique and St. Vincent in the Lesser Antilles. Family GRYLLID#. SCAPTERISCUS Scudder. 1868. Scapteriscus Scudder, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., xi, p. 385. The original description mentioned no included species, and in a later work + he includes eight species—oxydactylus, tenuts, mextcanus, didactylus, vicinus, agassizit, vartegatus and abbreviatus. Of these the one standing first, oxydactylus (Perty), can be considered the type. Scapteriscus variegatus (Burmeister). 1838. Gr[yllotalpa] variegata Burmeister, Handb. der Entom., ii, Abth. ii, i, p. 740. [Colombia. ] Barbados. July 10, 1903. (H. A. Ballou.) [No. 224. ] One male. This specimen has the wings shorter than the tegmina, in this resembling S. abdreviatus Scudder, which, however, has the tegmina of a very different shape. The species has been recorded from St. Lucia by Saussure. : GRYLLOTALPA Latreille. 1802. Gryllotalpa Latreille, Hist. Nat. Génér. et Partic. des Crust. et des Ins., iii, p. 275. Type: Gryllus gryllotalpa Linnzus. Gryllotalpa hexadactyla Perty. 1830-34. Gryllotalpa hexadactyla Perty, Delect. Anim. Art. Bras., p- 119, tab. xxiii, fig. 9. [In mountains of the Province of Minas Geraes, Brazil. ] St. Vincent. (H. M. Lefroy.) One specimen. "* Verh. K. K. Zool.-bot. Gesell. Wien, xli, p. 402, 1891. t Mem. Peabody Acad., i, pp. 7-15, 1869. 182 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,’ 05 Montserrat. January, 1904! (H. A. Ballou.) [No. 224.] One specimen. This widely distributed species has been previously recorded from Guadeloupe, St. Vincent and Grenada in the Lesser Antilles. GRYLLUS Linnzus. Gryllus assimilis Fabricius. Barbados. September 22, October 25, 1902 and February 6, 1903. (C. Todd, H. M. Lefroy and H. A. Ballou.) [No. 81.] Six males, nine females. Dominica, Middleham. Nov. 25, 1901. (W. R. Elliot.) [No. 318.] One broken specimen. St. Lucia. September 5,1903. (H.A. Ballou.) [No. 81.] One female. This species has been recorded from Martinique, St. Vincent and Grenada. AMPHIACUSTA Saussure. 1874. Amphiacusta Saussure, Miss.-Scient. Mex. et l’Amer. Cent., Orth., p. 444. Included annulipes (Serville), grandis (Saussure), fuscicornis (Serville), azteca (Saussure), and phalangium (Saussure). Of these the first, aznulipes, may be considered the type. Amphiacusta caribea Saussure. 1897. Amphiacustes caribeus Saussure, Biol. Cent.-Amer., Orth., i, p. 248. [Guadeloupe. | Barbados, Cottage. December 31, 1903. (R. Brown.) One male. Belleville. October 18, 1902. (R. Hamlyn—Harris. ) [No. 616.] One female. This species was previously known only from the type locality. OROCHARIS Uhler. .1864. Orocharis Uhler, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., ii, p. 544. Type. O. saltator Uhler. Orocharis antillarum Saussure. 1874. Orocharis Antillarum Saussure, Miss. Scient. Mex. et l’ Amer. Cent., Orth., p. 496. [Guadeloupe. ] Antigua, Bath. January 8, 1903. [No. 617.] One male. Barbados. (H.M. Lefroy.) [No. 617.] One male. This species was previously known only from the original description and type locality. une, ’o ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 18 : 3 Destructiveness of the Australian Roach ic pane australasiae. By HENRY SKINNER. January 14th, last, Mr. David Rust, Secretary of the Penn- sylvania Horticultural Society, sent me some living specimens of this rather handsome roach and said it was eating everything from orchids to overcoats. I wrote to him for further infor- mation and received the following interesting reply. ‘‘ The roaches came from the estate of Mr. James W. Paul, Jr., at Radnor, Pennsylvania. Joseph Hurley, the superintendent, informs me that the greenhouses, adjoining sheds, offices, etc., are swarming with them at night. They are also in the home of every man employed around the greenhouses. It is Mr. Hurley’s opinion that these roaches came there last fall in the buckwheat chaff in which hyacinths, tulips, etc., are packed and in which they arrived from Holland. ‘The roaches do not show any particular preference for any one plant, but their devastation has been general. Orchids, roses, carnations, both plants and flowers have been eaten. The workmen’s clothes left hanging in the greenhouse had holes eaten in them. Mr. _ Hurley’s office was invaded and a quantity of postage stamps in hisdesk were devoured. In this case he used a strong solu- tion of lemon oil which killed every roach that it touched, but this remedy could not be used so strong in the green house. A few nights ago he put part of an apple with ‘‘ rough on rats’’ on it on the kitchen floor in his house, and the next morning found seventy-five dead roaches. Pyrethrum powder, Petermen’s roach food, Maurer’s roach paste, etc. were used.”’ Not having heard anything further I suppose the roaches were kept in check or exterminated. The species is so widely spread that it is a question whether they were introduced in the buckwheat chaff from Holland, although there is nothing improbable about it. alias > Mr. WILHELM JuNK, of Berlin, Germany, has recently published a directory of the entomologists of the entire world. It contains a full alphabetical index and will doubtless prove very useful for those persons wishing to exchange for exotic material. The price is five marks. 184 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 The Odonata of British Columbia. _By Raymonp C. Ospurn, New York City. The Dragonflies of British Columbia have been much neg- lected. Until very recently (Mr. Currie’s paper referred to below was issued in February, ’05, as the present paper was nearing completion), only ten species were known from this region and these only by much scattered references. This fact led the writer to prepare for publication the results of some rather meagre and very much scattered collecting done during the summers of ’o1 and’o2. Although the collecting was done merely as a side issue while connected with the Minnesota University Sea-side Station, the number of specimens taken by the writer amounts to over 350. This number has been some- what augmented by the receipt of specimens from Messrs. R. V. Harvey of Queen’s School, Vancouver, and E. M. Ander- son of the Provincial Museum at Victoria. A still larger addition to the material has been made by Mr. Rolla P. Currie of the U. S. National Museum, who has very kindly turned over to me for study the material—about 140 specimens—taken by himself and Dr. Harrison G. Dyar, while on an expedition into the Kootenay District, southeastern British Columbia, in the summer of 1903. Mr. Currie has just published the results of the trip (Dragonflies of the Kootenay District of British Columbia, by Rolla P. Currie, Proc. Ent. Soc., Wash., VII, No, 1, pp. 16-20, January, ’05, issued February 9, ’05), but his records, as well as all previous records that could be obtained, are included here to show, as far as known, the range of the species within the province. Mr. Harvey’s material was taken at Vancouver, Mr. Ander- son’s chiefly at Shawnigan Lake, 20 miles northwest of Vic- toria,.and Mr. Currie’s at Kaslo, Loon Lake and Bear Lake, in the Kootenay District, together with a few specimens taken at Wellington, 75 miles north of Victoria. My own material ranges all the way across the province along the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, about Victoria and Langford Lake at Port Renfrew. ‘The last-mentioned place, the site of the Minnesota University Station, near the entrance to the Strait of Fuca, is unfavorable for Odonata, and during two months June, ’05]} ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 185 spent here in rg01 and ’o2 only two specimens were taken, a male Somatochlora forcipata anda male Enallagma caruncula- tum. A trip of several miles up the Gordon River, a clear, cold, rapid, mountain stream, failed to bring to light a single dragonfly. On the other hand the region about Victoria is exceedingly rich. Near a country tavern known as the ‘* Four-mile House,’’ a small pond has been made by a railroad embankment cutting off a little corner of a tidal mud-flat. Around this artificial pond all the species mentioned for Vic- toria were taken. Langford Lake, about 12 miles from Victoria, was also found to be exceedingly rich collecting ground. A glance through the list will show that about haif of the species mentioned for the province were taken here in a single day’s collecting. At Glacier, near the top of the pass over the Sel- kirk Range, some collecting was done about pools in a small mountain meadow at about 6000 feet, and about Lake Marion at the same altitude. A few specimens were picked up also at Agassiz and Field. . The Odonate fauna of the region about Victoria is quite southern in character when compared with the remainder of the province. Under the influence of the warm Sound region a _ number of distinctly southern species, which do not occur else- where in the province, are found. Also, it will be seen from the list that there is a noticeably larger number of what we have been accustomed to call ‘‘ eastern ’’ forms than is the case farther to the south,—several of the species not having been previously reported west of the Rockies. This same feature of the distribution the writer has already noted in the Dipterous family Syrphidz and has offered the suggestion (Diptera of B. C., Part II, The Syrphidz, Canadian Entomologist, Aug., 1904) that it may be explained by the much lower mountain passes, while the region of high altitude is much narrower from east to west, and deserts do not exist. These conditions, with the practically continuous water way, would render the passage of species much easier than in regions farther south. The list of species now known positively from British Colum- bia numbers 23. The ten species known for this region before the appearance of Currie’s paper are: 4¢schna constricta, AZ. 186 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 californica, 2. multicolor, Somatochlora semicircularis, Tetra- goneuria spinigera, Sympetrum madidum, S. tllotum, Libellula forensis, L. exusta and Pachydiplax longipennis. ‘The present list can be considered only as a fair beginning in the study of British Columbia dragonflies. The collecting thus far has been very limited both as to time and locality and careful work throughout the season and extending over this wide and ex- ceedingly varied region would doubtless add many species to the catalogue. The following species have been taken in adjoin- ing territory and may be looked for in British Columbia with some confidence: Calopteryx yakima Hag., Heterina califor- nica Selys., Lestes unguiculatus Hag., L. disjunctus Selys., flerpetogomphus compositus Selys., Ophiogomphus occidentis Hag., O. severus Hag., Gomphus confraternus Selys., G. sobrinus Selys., Anax junius Drury, A’schna sitchensis Hag., 4. clep- sydra Say, Somatochlora albicincta Burm., Sympetrum scoticum Donov., Libellula nodosticta Hag., and L. saturata Uhler. In the following list are includied a few notes on certain species taken at Seattle, Washington, and at. Laggan and Banff, Alberta. The writer’s thanks are due to Messrs. Currie, Harvey and Anderson for valuable material, and to Dr. P. P. ‘Calvert for the comparison of certain specimaie with authentic species in his collectiou. LIST OF SPECIES. Lestes congener Hagen. Mr. Currie records a single male from Wellington, taken by Dyar, September 2, ’03. Lestes uncatus Kirby. One male and two female specimens taken by Currie at Kaslo, August 5-7, ’03. Lestes forcipatus Rambur. While the other species of estes appear to be rather rare, forcipatus is common in a number of widely separated localities. The writer found it common and pairing at Langford Lake, July 20, ’o2, and again at Glacier where it was common about Lake Marion. Two male specimens from Mr. Anderson are labeled Victoria, June, 1900, and Currie records ten specimens of both sexes from Kaslo on July 9 and August 6, ’03. June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 187 Argia vivida Selys. The occurrence of this species at Glacier, British Columbia, is somewhat surprisng as it is considerably farther northwest that any species of this genus has been known to occur. The record rests on a single male specimen taken by the writer over a stagnant pool in a small mountain meadow at an altitude of 6000 feet, August 22, ’o2. Dr. Calvert has kindly examined the specimen and finds it to compare closely with more southern examples. Three specimens, a male and two females all very teneral, were taken at Banff, Alberta, June 17, ’or, near warm springs on the side of Sulphur Mt., and Dr. Calvert has also reported the species from Lo Lo Hot Springs, Mont. How- ever, I have been informed by the manager of the C. P. R. hotel at Glacier that there are no warm springs known in that vicinity. Amphiagrion saucium (Burmeister. ) Two male specimens taken at Victoria, July 17, ’or. Both sexes taken at Seattle, Wash., July 14, ’o1. As Mr. E. B. Williamson has shown the identity of Pyrrhosoma abbreviatum Selys., with this species (Notes on a few Wyoming Dragonflies, ENTOMOLOGICAL NEws, May, 1900), it needs only to be added that my specimens fall in line with his observations. Com- pared with Ohio material, my western specimens measure a trifle larger all around and are distinctly darker, more robust and more villose, especially on the legs, but the appendages of both sexes agree closely. Enallagma cyathigerum Charpentier. A common species taken from May to August. Victoria, July 19, ’02, two males. Mr. Anderson has sent the writer a number of males (and questionable females also) from Shaw- nigan Lake, and Mr. Currie has reported it—33 specimens in all—from Kaslo, Loon Lake and Bear Lake on dates ranging from May 29th to August 6th. The writer found it very com- mon and took several pairs zz coitu at Seattle, Wash., July 14, ’OI. Enallagma calverti Morse. Mr. R. V. Harvey has sent me quite a number of specimens, among them a pair taken zz cottu, from Vancouver, May Io to 188 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 July 13, ’o2. Currie found it, 5 males and 1 female, at Loon Lake, Ainsworth, July 11, ’o3. Enallagma carunculatum Morse. This species seems as common in British Columbia as any- where in the east and is one of the most abundant species noted for the province. About Langford Lake and Victoria it fairly swarms and many were taken pairing July 17, ’o1 and July 19, ’02. Agassiz, July 18, ’02, common. A single male was taken at Port Renfrew hovering about a tide-pool. Kaslo, 10 specimens, July 17th and August 6th, pairing (Currie). The writer has taken the species commonly also at Seattle, Wash., July 14, ’or. Ischnura erratica Calvert. Not common but probably distributed throughout the warmer, part of the Sound region of British Columbia and Washington. A pair was taken zz coztu by Mr. R. V. Harvey on May to, 1902, and later, June 2d, two more male specimens were taken. A single male was taken by the writer at Langford Lake, July 20,’02, and a pair was taken zz cottu at Seattle, Wash., July 14, ’o1. The species has hitherto been known only from a male and female from Mendocino County, California, and a male and female from Olympia, Wash. In his description of the species (Odonata of Baja California, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Series 2, Vol. iv, 1895), Dr. Calvert was unable to affirm positively the identity of the female though the probabilities were very great. ‘The writer is able, by means of the above- mentioned material, to substantiate Dr. Calvert’s assumption, and to confirm his description as well. It is a rather curious fact that the two female specimens, in my possession, which were taken zz coztu with typical male specimens show exactly the same differences as the two described by Calvert. That is to say, my Vancouver specimen has the abdomen colored like that of the male, while my Seattle specimen has 8 and 9 black above without a trace of blue. It must be added that while the for- mer has the post-ocular spots, thoracic stripes, etc,, blue as in the male, the second has not.a trace of blue anywhere but all these markings are yellowish brown. ‘These differences in color cannot be due to age as both were sexually mature and June, ’o5] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 189 both appear equally fresh, and there can be but one interpreta- tion, viz., that there is here a color dimorphism in the females such as is known to exist in some other species of the genus. Another fact of still greater interest bears on the relationship of the species to the genus. In describing the species Dr. Cal- vert places it doubtfully in this genus with the remark (/. c., P- 492), ‘‘to write of the female that it possesses no ventral spine to the eighth segment is almost equivalent to excluding this species from the genus /schnura.’’ One of the females in my possession shows a very small though perfectly distinct ventral spine, the other agrees with Calvert’s description in not possessing it. This variation has already been shown to exist in 7, denticollis Burm., and 7. demorsa Hag. (Calvert, Biol. Centr. Am., Neur., pp. 128-129). Ischnura perparva (McLachlan MS.) Selys. Quite common at the small pond near the Four-mile House at Victoria. The habits of the female are much like the bluish female of vertzcalis which it closely resembles in color. On my first visit to the pond only the females were noted, but on the second visit, July 19, ’02, several pairs were taken zz cottu. The females seemed much more common than the males. A single female was taken at Langford Lake, July 20, ’o2. Seattle, Wash., July 14, ’o1, two males. Ischnura cervula Selys. Common and widely distributed. Victoria, July 17, ’o1, and July 19, ’02, both sexes abundant ; Langford Lake, July: 20, ’02, abundant ; Agassiz, July 18, ’02, common. Shawnigan Lake, (Anderson). Kaslo, July 17, one male, and August 6, ’03, one male (Currie). Seattle, Wash., July 14,’01, common. (Ophiogomphus occidentis Hagen. Two males of this species were taken along Pine Creek at the head of Lake Washington near Seattle, Wash., July 14, ’o1. It has not yet been noted for British Columbia but may be looked for in the swift streams of the southern part of the province). (Gomphus confraternus Selys. Five specimens, both sexes, of this species were taken about 190 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 Lake Washington, near Seattle, Wash., July 14,’01. May be looked for in British Columbia with confidence. ) (Gomphus sobrinus Selys. Dr. J. G. Needham has described as the nymph of this spe- cies [New Dragonfly Nymphs in the U. S. National Museum, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., Vol. xxvii, p. 692 and Pl. 43], several exuvig taken by the writer along the shore of Lake Washington near Seattle, July 14, ’o1. The imago was not observed, probably because it was too late in the season for the species. ) ; Cordulegaster dorsalis Hagen. Two males and one female were taken at. Vancouver, July 13, ’02, by Mr. R. V. Harvey. Heretofore the species has been known from Alaska and Oregon. Hschna juncea Linné. This species is very widely distributed over northern North America, but only a single male specimen has been recorded for British Columbia. This was taken by Mr. Currie at Kaslo, August 7, ’03. . Hschna californica (Hagen MS.) Calvert. This species has already been recorded for British Columbia on the authority of Hagen. It was common at Victoria, July 17, ’OI, pairing and ovipositing. Two males taken at Lang- ford Lake, July 19,’o2. Seattle, Wash., July 14-15, ’or. Aschna multicolor Hagen. Reported for Victoria, British Columbia, by Hagen (Colo- rado Report). Victoria, July 19, and Langford Lake, July 20, ’02, common at the latter place, both sexes taken. Van- couver, July 8, ’02, one male (Harvey). Loon Lake, July 11, ’03, two males (Currie). Zschna constricta Say. This widely distributed species has already been reported for the province (Hagen, Colorado Report). Currie reports it as taken at Shawnigan Lake, August 31st, one male, and at Well- ington, September 2, ’03, one male, by Dr. H.G. Dyar. The writer has taken it at Laggan, July 22, ’o1, and at Banff, Alberta, July 17, ’o2. June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. IgI Eschna sp. Under this head Currie records four unidentifiable females taken at Kaslo, July 8th; S. Fork Creek, August 11th; Bear Lake, July 21st; and at Banff, Alberta, August 16, ’o2. Tetragoneuria spinigera (Selys). Common, flying over alow pasture near Langford Lake, July 20,’02. A number of specimens of both sexes were taken. The species seems much more active on the wing than 7. cyno- sura. A male from Goldstream, July 16, 1899, and another from Victoria have been sent me by Mr. Anderson. Previ- ously recorded from British Columbia by Hagen. Somatochlora semicircularis (Selys). Widely distributed. Two males taken at Langford Lake, July, 20, ’02, in company with 7etragoneuria spinigera. Six males at Glacier (Lake Marion), August 22, ’02, Loon Lake, Ainsworth, July 11, 1 male, and Bear Lake, July 20, ’o03, 1 female (Currie). A single male specimen taken at Laggan, Alberta, August 24, ’02, is very much smaller than my more western specimens, but Hagen (U.S. Geol. Surv. of Colorado, 1873, p- 591), mentions the same difference in his Colorado specimens as compared with a pair from Vancouver Island. Somatochlora forcipata (Scudder. ) A single male specimen taken in a small sphagnum swamp on high ground at Port Renfrew, August 16, ’o02. Dr. Calvert, . to whom it was referred for comparison, writes, ‘‘ The Port Renfrew specimen is nearer my New England specimens of forcipata than to semicircularis, but I am very doubtful whether these two nominal species can be kept distinct.’’ The extreme western occurence of this specimen in the range of semzcircularis is interesting considering the doubtful validity of the latter as a species. Cordulia shurtleffi Scudder. This species has only been taken in the southeastern part of British Columbia where Mr. Currie found itcommon. Kaslo, May 29th, 1 male, June roth, 3 males, and Loon Lake July 11th, 17 males. A single female was taken at Kaslo, June 7th, by Dr. Dyar. 192 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 Leucorhinia hudsonica (Selys). A pair zz cottu and a separate male taken May toth, and a female taken July 13, ’02, have been sent me from Vancouver by Mr. Harvey, and Currie has the following records: Kaslo, June 7th, 1 female (Dyar), June 11th, 1 male, and Ainsworth, June 8, ’03, 1 male and 1 female (Dyar). The writer has taken the species at Banff, Alberta, July 15, ’o2. Leucorhinia proxima (Hagen MS.) Calvert. Currie records this species for Kaslo on dates ranging from June 1 to July 9, ’03, six specimens in all, both sexes repre- sented. Sympetrum rubicundulum (Say) var. assimilatum (Uhler). Two females from Harrison River taken by Mr. R. V. Harvey, June 30, ’03, apparently belong here. While they are some- what paler than assimilatum in my collection from North Da- kota and the wings are flavescent only at the base, the size and general appearance correspond well and the vulvar lamina is exactly the same. ‘The female, which Currie records as S. ma- didum, taken at Kaslo, August 5, ’03, also belongshere. I have examined this specimen very carefully and Mr. Currie has re- examined it and writes me under date of March 22d, ‘‘I am inclined to agree with you in considering it asstmdilatum.”’ Sympetrum obtrusum (Hagen). Currie records two females of this species from Kaslo, Aug. 7, 03. A female from Langford Lake, July 20, ’03, and another from Victoria (Anderson) I would place here on account of the size and general appearance, but as the end of the abdomen is lacking in both they cannot be determined with certainty. Sympetrum pallipes (Hagen). Five males and two females of this species were taken at Langford Lake, July 20, ’03. Two females were taken at Seat- tle, Wash., July 15, ’or. Dr. Calvert has kindly compared these with authentic specimens and writes me that they ‘‘agree perfectly.’ The writer feels quite certain that this and the two preced- ing nominal species are only varieties of S. rudbicundulum Say. June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 193 The S. decisum of Hagen is also probably only another variety. Needham (Aquatic Insects in the Adirondacks, N. Y. State Mus., Bul. 47, September, ’or, p. 521), has remarked in regard to assimilatum, rubicundulum and obtrusum that ‘‘they inter- grade completely.’’ Decisum has been recognized as a syn- onym of obtrusum by Calvert. allipes has the size and form of assimilatum, the genital hamules of the male are almost indis- tinguishable from those of od¢rusum, while the vulvar lamina of Fig. 3. Sympetrum pallipes, ventral view of 2 app. Sympetrum pallipes, lateral view of 2 app. inverted. the female resembles that of rabicundulum most closely, only in some cases it is a trifle more inflated. While combining the structural characters of these three forms, padlipes differs from all of them somewhat in coloration. Perhaps it would be better to list these as separate species until some one with abundant material and the types at hand has threshed the matter over thoroughly, especially as there is usually no difficulty in dis- tinguishing them. Sympetrum vicinum (Hagen). Two teneral females taken’at Langford Lake, July 20, ’o03. Currie reports one male from Wellington, September 2, ’03 (Dyar). Sympetrum semicinctum (Say). Three females from Langford Lake, July 20, ’o2. Kaslo, August 6th, 1 female, and August 7, ’03, 1 male (Currie). 194 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’o5 Sympetrum costiferum (Hagen). Victoria, July 19th, 1 female, and Langford Lake, July 20, ’03, 1 male and 1 female. Dr. Dyar took a specimen also at Wellington, September 2, ’03. I believe these are the first records for this and the two preceding species from the far west. Sympetrum madidum (Hagen). Previously recorded by Hagen (Notes and Descriptions of some North American Libellulinze, Psyche, August—October, 1890), for Victoria where it was taken by H. Edwards. The writer has found it fairly common at Victoria, July 17, ’o1 and Sympetrum madidum, lateral view of 2 app. inverted. July 19,’o2, and at Langford Lake, July 20, ’02. The sexes were about equally common and oviposition was going on at this season. Mr. Anderson has sent me a male taken at Shawnigan Lake. A male and two females from Seattle, Wash., July 15, ’o1. The specimen recorded by Mr. Currie (2. c., p. 19) from Kaslo, belongs probably to S. assimillatum (q. v.). At any rate it cannot belong here. Hagen mentioned as a separate species Diplax flavicosta (Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1875). Later he came to the con- clusion that it is only a variety of madidum (Psyche, August- October, 1890), but he recorded four females from Victoria in June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 195 July under this head. The variety has not been noticed among my specimens. Sympetrum illotum (Hagen). Two females and one male were taken at Victoria, July 17, *o1. Mr. Anderson took a single male at Shawnigan Lake. The species has been previously recorded for British Columbia. Taken also at Seattle, Wash., July 14, ’o1. The British Col- umbia and Washington specimens all seem to belong to the type form of the species. Sympetrum corruptum (Hagen). Mr. Currie found this species common at Kaslo in the Koote- nay District from June 7 to July 2, 03, both sexes taken, 22 specimens in all. One male was also taken at Loon Lake, July oy tates F Mesothemis simplicicollis Say var. collocata Hagen. Common about Victoria July 17, ’or and July 19, ’02. On both of these dates it was taken pairing and observed oviposit- ing. Also a pair taken zz coctu at Langford Lake, July 20, ’o2. Ladona (Libellula) julia (Ubler). Needham (Aquatic Insects in the Adirondacks, pp. 528-30) has recently re-separated Lzdbellula exusta into the three original species : exusta Say, deplanata Ramb., and julia Uhler, on what seems to be a safe basis. At Langford Lake on July 20, ’02,a number of specimens of both sexes were taken, and Mr. Ander- son has sent me a male from Shawnigan Lake. ‘These I can say without hesitation all belong to ju/za, as Needham indicates the species, agreeing exactly with specimens from North Dakota and Ohio. ZL. exusta has been recorded for British America, Vancouver Island and Washington, but these records were made while the species was in the undifferentiated condition, so to speak, and it seems probable that if they could be analyzed they would all be found to refer to judza. An interesting habit of this species was observed at Langford Lake. Late.in the afternoon many were found in woodland on high ground above the Lake resting on stones with the wings outspread against the side of the rock. When one was dis- 196 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 turbed it would fly to another stone and alight in the same © position. Their brownish and pruinose colors were quite incon- spicuous in such places except where the rocks had been black- ened by a recent forest fire when they would stand out like silhouettes. Stumps and tree trunks seemed to have no special attractions for them except that one would occasionally alight, libellula-fashion, on the tip of a dead twig. Ladona (Libellula) exusta (Say). Recorded for Vancouver Island. (See ZL. julia.) ° Libellula quadrimaculata Linné. Very common. Victoria, July 17, ’or and July 19, ’o2. Pairing and ovipositing. Langford Lake, July 20, ’o02. Shaw- nigan Lake (Anderson). Currie records it from Kaslo on dates ranging from May 29 to July 2, ’03, both sexes taken and two pairs 27 cottu. Libellula forensis Hagen. Common. ‘Taken pairing and ovipositing. Victoria, July 17, or and July 19, ’02, and Langford Lake, July 20,°’o2. Hagen (Colorado Report) records it also for Victoria. Mr. Anderson has sent me a number of specimens from Shawnigan Lake. Plathemis lydia (Drury). . A single female taken at Victoria, July 17, ’o1, and Mr. Harvey has sent me a specimen, female, from Vancouver, July 14,’02. ‘The writer took another specimen, also a female, at Seattle, Wash., July 14, ’or. Pachydiplax longipennis (Burmeister). Hagen records this species from Victoria (Proc. Bost. Soc., Nat. Hist., xviii, p. 78, 1875), but it has not been noted recently. : Different Kinds of Types. By H. T. FERNALD, Ph.D., Amherst, Mass. The increasing importance attached to type specimens in En- tomology at the present time is a tendency which should be June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 197 encouraged. With a poor describer at work a description may be so indefinite as to give at most but an approximate idea of the insect and its relations to its nearest allies. In such cases the type becomes a “‘ court of last resort’’ to which to refer, and anyone who has attempted to solve Walker’s descriptive puzzles will appreciate the necessity of seeing the type speci- mens on which these descriptions were based. But types are scattered in all portions of the globe and it is frequently the case that the personal study is impossible. Specimens may be sent for comparison with the type however, and if the comparison be made by a good authority, the speci- mens concerned should have an increased value over those not thus compared. These and other facts have led to the establishment of vari- ous grades of relation between the type and other specimens of the species, and differing in their degree of importance. So far as the writer can learn, this was first suggested by Mr. Oldfield Thomas, F. Z. S., in a paper entitled ‘‘ Suggestions for the more definite use of the word ‘ Type’ and its com- pounds, as denoting specimens of a greater or less degree of Authenticity,’’ published in the Procceedings of the Zoologi- -cal Society of London for 1893, page 241, where the statement is made that the term ‘‘co-type’’ had already been introduced by Mr. C. O. Waterhouse. The ideas and definitions suggested in this paper were later developed and somewhat modified by Lord Walsingham and J. H. Durrant in a pamphlet ‘‘ Rules for Regulating No- menclature,’’ etc., published November 2, 1896, by Longmans, Green & Co., this pamphlet being generally referred to as the ‘‘ Merton Rules.’’ This paper seems to have had a rather limited circulation ; at least it is now almost impossible to obtain a copy of it, for the writer knows of cases where standing orders for it have been placed for several years in this country and in Europe without result. It seems desirable, therefore, to place the definitions of types as given in that paper before the Entomo- logical public in some easily accessible place for reference. These rules are as follows: 198 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June,’ 05 No. 38. The type of a species belongs to one of the fol- lowing categories : (1) Zype (described from a unique specimen or from a single specimen selected from a series). (2) Type (= type o + type? described from a single speci- men of each sex). (3) Co-types (described from more than one specimen, no single one being selected as the type. The type = the sum of the co-types). No. 39. Each of the remaining specimens of a series from which the type was selected is called a Paratype. A specimen subsequently named by the author after com- parison with the type, is called a Wetatype. A specimen named by another than the author, after com- parison with the tvpe, is called a Homotype. A specimen collected in the exact locality whence the type was obtained is called a Zopotype. ‘ [We have added the term HYomotypfe to those proposed by Mr. Oldfield Thomas (Pr. Z. Soc. Lond., 1893, 241-2, and have slightly restricted the original definition of J/etatype to the exclusion of its necessarily being topotypical].’’ It is evident from these rules that the ‘‘ court of last resort ’’ above mentioned must consist only of the classes defined under Rule 38, and that insects falling in any of the classes defined under Rule 39 are of less value. In fact a Topotype has no actual ¢yfe standing whatever, as an insect from ‘‘ the exact locality whence the type was obtained’’ may have been identi- fied by a poor description, and not having been compared with the type itself may possibly even be an entirely different spec- ies ! A Homotype, to have its full value, should always bear on its ‘‘ Homotype’’ label the name of the person making the com- parison, for the personal equation in such cases is a factor which cannot always be safely neglected. In spite of these facts, Paratypes, Metatypes and Homoty pak are certainly more reliably named than insects identified by descriptions only, and their presence in a collection should make that collection far more valuable and trustworthy eas would otherwise be the case. . ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers.] To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL News has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- ence, as to make it necessary to put ‘‘ copy ” into the hands of the printer, for each num- ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five “extras,” without change in form, will be given free, when they are wanted ; and this should be so stated on the MS., along with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—Eb. PHILADELPHIA, PA., JUNE, 1905. We have often noticed the apparent lack of knowledge shown by some European writers in regard to the literature on Ento- mology in this country, and have wondered whether it was through ignorance or by design. There may be some excuse for this where articles appear in little known or sporadic pub- lications that are not only difficult to obtain in this conntry but also in Europe. But there is no excuse when the well-known publications which go to all the important societies and scien- tific institutions abroad are taken into consideration. The En- tomological work done in this country compares favorably with that of any other and should receive due consideration. This contention can readily be substantiated by referring to Wytsman’s ‘‘ Genera Insectorum,’’ a recent publication which reminds us of these facts. All the work is not faulty in this respect, but a number of the papers illustrate it. The most glaring is the work on the family Hesperidze, by Mabille, where a list of the species of the world is supposed to be given. There are eighty-nine valid North American species omitted, and probably if it had not been that the Biologia Centrali- Americana had been referred to none of our American species since the time of Linnzeus and Fabricius would have been mentioned. A jornt field meeting of the Entomological Societies of New York, Brooklyn, Newark and Philadelphia will be held at Jamesburg, N. J., on Tuesday, July 4th, 1905. All entomologists interested will be welcome to attend. 199 200 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, ’05 Entomological Literature. MENGEL’S CATALOGUE OF THE ERYCINIDAZ OF THE WoRLD.—Ac- curate catalogues are indispensible to the systematic worker in Entomo- logy. In some families and even orders it is not a hopeless task to find out whether a given species is described, but without a good catalogue it nvolves far more labor than many of us have time to give it. A cata- logue is always an inducement for others to study the group treated: Prof. Mengel has given us an accurate and painstaking piece of work, and has published it at his own expense. A good general catalogue of the butterflies is badly needed, and we hope some one will do for the other families what Prof. Mengel has done for the Erycinide. The very interesting and instructive paper by Mr. and Mrs. G. W. Peck- ham on ‘‘ The Instincts and Habits of the Solitary Wasps,’’ published by the Wisconsin Biological Survey, Madison, 1898, has been revised and, with much additional matter, appears under the title ‘‘ Wasps, Social and Solitary,’ by George W. Peckham and Elizabeth G. Peckham. With an Introduction by John Burroughs. [Illustrations by James H. Emerton. Boston and New York, Houghton, Mifflin & Co. [April], 1905. Pp. xv, 311. The titles of the chapters are: Communal Life, Ammophila and and her Caterpillars, The Great Golden Digger, Several Little Wasps, Crabro, An Island Settlement, The Burrowers, The Wood-Borers, The Spider-Hunters, The Enemies of the Grasshopper, Workers in Clay, Sense of Direction, Instinct and Intelligence. From the Introduction we quote; ‘‘I am free to confess that I have had more delight in reading this book than in reading any other nature-book for a long time. Such a queer little people as it reveals to’ us, so whimsical, so fickle, so fussy, so forgetful, so wise and yet so foolish, such vicrims of routine and yet so individual, with such apparent foresight and yet such thoughtlessness, . . . hardly any two alike. . . .”’ Miss Isabel McCracken has a paper on ‘‘ A Study of the ‘Inheritance of Dichromatism in Liza /apponica’”’ in The Journal of Experimental Zoology, Vol. ii, No. 1, Baltimore, 1905, giving the results of breeding experiments on this Chrysomelid beetle carried on during 1904 at the Entomological Laboratory of Stanford University, California. There are two color forms of this species in both sexes, one with black elytra, the other with each elytron brown with 7 black spots. By breeding, cross-breeding and inter- breeding these two forms through several generations, the experimenter sought to test Mendel’s principles of dominance and segregation as shown by the color of the elytra. The results are expressed in a series of valu- able tables, and from their summary we can quote only the following : ‘“No amount of crossing between the two characters in question accom- plishes any disintegration or breaking up of either one. These are abso- lutely fixed with reference to each other in this species. . . . Blacks ap- pearing in a cross between the two opposing characters transmit black June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 201 only to the offspring when similars are bred together. The black charac- ter is, therefore, stable, or self-perpetuating in the first generation. Spotted [individuals appearing in a cross between the two opposing characters] transmit both opposing characters to the offspring, the off- spring likewise transmitting both characters though bred from similar parents. In the third generation from similar parents the spotted appear to breed true.’”’ The article is well worthy of careful study. —~<3r Notes and News... ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS OF THE GLOBE. Mrs. A. T. SLosson has changed her address from 38 E. 23d Street to 83 Irving Place, New York city. She will probably spend July and - August in the White Mountains. Messrs. DAECKE, H. W. WENZEL, H. A. WENZEL AND SKINNER hada pleasant collecting trip on April 3oth ; Iona, N. J., was visited. PBomby- lius pygmaeus, Basieschna janata, Neurocordulia uhleri, and Pyrgus centaureeé were among the species taken. This is apparently the first record for P. centauree south of the Orange Mountains. Mr. Wenzel took many rare Scolytidz and some new to his collection. Jona is in Gouces- ter county about 26 miles south of Camden. WE HAVE received a circular of announcement of the courses offered at Cedar Point Lake Laboratory, of the Ohio State University, for the com- ~ ing summer and which calls attention to the course in entomology. This embraces a study of different orders of insects, gives practical training in collecting, preparing, mounting, labeling and identifying insects, and is intended to furnish a practical field and laboratory experience for those who wish to get started in the methods of entomological study. Particu- lars may be had from Pror. HERBERT OsBorN, Columbus, Ohio. ATLANTICUs (Orthoptera. )—On October 16, 1904, I took a female Aé/an- ticus in dry upland woods near Cold Spring, Long Island, which is inter- esting for tworeasons. First, because members of this genus are very rare in this vicinity ; and, second, because it is almost absolutely interme- diate beween the only two species that do occur here—A. pachymerus (Burm.) and A. dorsalis (Burm.). The ovipositor of this specimen is 22 mm. long. Beutenmiiller (’94, Bull. of Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., VI.) gives 30 mm. as the length of the ovipositor of dorsalis and 20 mm. of pachymerus. It is, thus, in this, nearer pachymerus. Its femur is 25 mm. long. Beutenmiiller gives (p. 290 loc cit) for the female (?) dorsa/is femur 27 mm. and for pachymerus 22mm. This is, then, in this nearer dorsa/is ; and if we accept the meas- urement given on page 285, where no mention is made of the sex for 202 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 dosalis, it is undoubtedly dorsadis in this character. But pachymerus is the more common here. Furthermore the body-length is nearer pachy- merus than dorsalis. I have no male from here, so cannot say concern- ing the tegmina, but according to Scudder (’94, Can. Ent. XXVI., p. 179 seq.) the only difference is that in Jachymerus the exposed portion of the 3 tegmina is almost as ample as the pronotum, and in dorsa/is is less than % as ample. Can it be that one of Burmeister’s species is a synonym of the other? If not, I suppose we must call this specimen dorsa/is on the ground that animals tend to be small at the extremes of their range.—FRANK E Lutz. As To GLossariEs.—It was interesting to me to see the list of Glossar- ies in the April number of the ‘‘ News” because I have another about ready for the printer. It is the revision of the Brooklyn “ Explanation of Terms,”’ referred to by Mr. Girault ; but it is much more than a revision. In the original edition there were 90 terms defined under the letter A ; the revision definies nearly or quite 400. There were 34 terms under B ; there are now 140, and the other letters have increased in proportion. Instead of less than 1500 terms, my cards number over 5000, and I am not sure that I have all the terms even now. It is my intention to submit the manuscript to a number of specialists before it is sent to the printer, so it is not certain just how soon it will be in type ; I hope to have it bear date in 1905. Meanwhile, I will be glad to receive suggestions and to get terms that have a special application in any order. I do not pretend to that technical acquaintance with other © than the Lepidoptera and Coleoptera that is necessary to make sure of including all the terms used in descriptive work.—JoHNn B. SMITH. Last Aucust while reading Clarence Moore Weed’s Life History of American Insects, on page 23, I came across the following quotation from Prof. J. H. Comstock. He was writing about the Cicindelas. ‘‘ Before alighting they always turn so that they face us, and can then watch our movements.”’ Such action on the part of the beetle, if voluntary, would indicate greater intelligence than should be expected from an animal whose men- tal development is as low. I had seen similar statements before and determined to investigate their truth. Seeking a place where these beetles were abundant, I began to flush them and watch closely when they alighted, Sure enough they all turned so as to face me. Satisfied that Prof. Comstock’s statement was correct I began to retrace my steps still watching the alighting of the insects, but now they did not alight facing me but dropped to the ground in the direc- tion of their flight. Pondering why in so short a time there should be such different action on the part of the insects when alighting, I cast about for an explanation. The place I had chosen for observing them was a sandy lane facing east and west; at the time there was a moderate breeze blowing from the west. At first I had walked with the wind then June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 203 against it. Could it be the wind that caused the insects to turn at one time and not at another. That I might observe the action of the insects more closely a friend undertook their flushing while I stood by the side of the road hoping they would alight near me. Soon one did so. My friend was walking with the wind and ‘the startled beetle after a short flight dropped to the ground just in front of me. Before alighting it made a quick sharp turn into the wind, folding its wings and dropped to the ground running a few steps as if unable to overcome the impetus of its flight. My friend then began to flush the beetles while walking against the wind. After a while I was again fortunate to have one alight near me. It did not turn before drop- ping to the ground but alighted in the direction in which it flew, that was against the wind. These observations were repeated many times with the same results. The insect observed was Cicindela repanda, and the deduction is that the turning of the insect just before alighting is more to alight easily by turning against the wind than for the purpose of facing the pursuer.—R. M. Moore, M. D., Rochester, New York. A curious disease from caterpillar hairs. Drs. G. E. de Schweinitz and E. A. Shumway in the Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society for 1904, describe a peculiar disease of the eye known as Conjunc- tivitis nodosa. ‘‘The patient stated that while playing in the yard of the asylum her eye became inflamed, owing, as she expressed it, to some- thing getting into the eye. . . . . Downward and inward on the bulbar conjunctiva were a number of flattened, grayish-yellow nodules, between which was a marked congestion of the conjunctival and episcleral vessels. Twenty-seven nodules could be differentiated. The whole con- dition strongly suggested tubercle of the conjunctiva. . . . . Directly in the centre of a certain number of the nodules is the section of a hair. The children are much accustomed to playing with caterpillars, and are in the habit, as one of the children stated, of scaring the young ones by throwing caterpillars at them. The caterpillar which is most used in this playful proceeding is the wooly bear (.Spi/osoma virginica).” —Brief abstract from the original paper. hatin Doings of Societies. The February meeting of the Newark Entomological Society was held on the 12th, with President Keller in the chair and 20 members present. The minutes of the previous meeting were read and approved. Mr. L. Hafner, of Jersey City, and Mr. E. W. Scheuber, of Hoboken, were proposed and unanimously elected to membership. The Field Committee reported pro- gress, also the Curators, 204 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 Mr. Dickerson showed a twin cocoon of A. promethea. Prof. Smith presented to the Society a copy of his latest ‘‘report on mosquitos,’’ containing nearly 500 pages and giving in detail a full account of the work of the last five years. A vote of thanks was extended to Mr. Keller for a copy of ‘“Comstock’s Manual.’’ Mr. Grossbeck read a paper written by himself* on the life history of Anthocharis genutia based upon his own experiences and observations and showed imagos, chrysalis and parasites. A vote of thanks was also extended to Mr. Reineker for presenting to the Society a picture frame and framing the enlarged photograph of the members. On account of bad weather the discussion on Xy/iza was laid over till next meeting as Prof. Smith did not risk carrying his collection. After that adjournment. Orro BucHHoLz, Secretary. The March meeting of the Newark Entomological Society was held on the 12th, with President Keller in the chair and 23 members present. Visitors were Dr. Vael, of Jersey City, and Mr. Buffen, of Newark. The minutes of the previous meeting were read and approved. Mr. George Franck, of Brooklyn, was proposed by Mr. Buchholz and unanimously elected to membership. The Field Committee reported that they were communicating with the other Societies and progressing favor- ably. Mr. Brehme presented about 350 specimens of Coleoptera to the Society for which a vote of thanks was extended to him. Mr. Wormsbacher also received a vote of thanks for some specimens of Coleoptera; among them was found Dynastes tityus taken at Jersey City. Prof. Smith had his entire collection of Xy/ina at hand. A series of 9 specimens of Mr. Keller’s collection proved to be new. | Another new species was reared by Mr. Doll in Utah. Otro BucHHoLz, Secretary. * Published in the News for May, 1905, pp. 131-134. June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 205 A meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia was held January 26, 1905. Mr. Philip Laurent, Director, presiding. Nine persons were present. Mr. Rehn exhibited Vol. I of Kirby’s Catalogue of the Orthoptera. It contains the earwigs, roaches, mantids and walking-sticks. It represents the first general catalogue of the roaches since 1869; the first important work on mantids and the first since 1859 on phasmids. The speaker said it was an excellent work and most useful in fixing the types of Francis Walker. Mr. Fred. Weigand and Mr. Newton Harvey were elected associates of the Section. HENRY SKINNER, Recorder. A meeting of the Entomological Section of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia was held March 23, 1905. Vice-Director H. W. Wenzel presiding. Fifteen persons were present. Mr. Viereck exhibited a series of bees of the genus Ferdita, and remarked on the association of the species of this genus _ with the peculiar vegetation noticed in the Tularosa Valley, New Mexico. The distribution through the several life zones was discussed, the greatest number of forms being peculiar to the Lower Sono- ran Zone. The greater portion of the species are found in the southwestern United States, few species being recorded from the east. Mr. Huntington exhibited some excellent photographs of Diptera and Coleoptera. Mr. Daecke remarked on the great auiihes of larve of Micro-lepidoptera and minute Diptera found in the twigs of annuals. Dr. Calvert exhibited a series of the genus Pervithemis and commented on the intermediates between the four nominal North and Central American species, the color pattern and cer- tain characters of the venation being rather plastic. A dis- cussion as to the method of treating and designating these 206 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 types and their intermediates was participated in by Messrs. Viereck, Wenzel, Daecke, Calvert and Rehn. Dr. Calvert illustrated by diagram an involved nomencla- tural problem regarding the Odonate genera Arythemis and Mesothemis. J. A. G. Renn, Recorder pro tem. A meeting of the American Entomological Society was held February 23, 1905. Dr. D. M. Castlein the chair. Fourteen persons were present. The death of Dr. A. S. Packard, a corresponding member elected October 14, 1861, was announced. An invitation from the Newark Society to join in a field meet- ing on July 4th was accepted. Mr. Viereck said Prof. C. V. Riley had estimated the num- ber of species of insects at ten millions and the Hymenoptera outnumbered all the other orders. The speaker commented on the great amount of time necessary to study the species of one continent alone, and all this time could be taken up with systematic work. He spoke of the value of segregating Lepi- dopterous larve in rearing them, so as to retain all Hymenop- terous parasites so as to know their hosts. Mr. Rehn said there was but one true parasite known in the Orthoptera and that lived on a rat. He said another species oviposits in wood. H. SKINNER, Secretary. Minutes of meetings of Brooklyn Entomological Society held at the residence of Mr. George Franck, 1040 DeKalb Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. — December 1, 1904.—Nineteen persons present, the President ‘ in the chair. Mr. Edgar L. Dickerson, of Newark, N. J., was elected a member. The President announced the death on November 10, 1904, at San Antonio, Texas, of Prof. F. G. Schaupp, the founder of the society, which announcement was followed by due expres- sions of regret by those present who had been formerly associa- ted with him. June, ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 207 Mr. Wasmuth exhibited some specimens of furnus larve which he had taken in the latter part of November on wild cherry, the leaves of which, still green, he had heretofore found in December in sheltered localities in Brooklyn. Mr. Engelhardt reported taking in November, 1903, a brood of antiopa larvee which emerged January, 1904, the imagines being small with marginal maculation materially changed. Dr. Zabriskie exhibited a section of a nest of an unusually large colony of the ‘‘ Yellow Jacket,’’ Vespa germanica, which he had excavated near his residence in Flatbush, L. I., upon the advent of cold weather. The nest originally consisted of nine combs, the diameters of the central one measuring 6% inches by g inches respectively. The combs on either side decreased gradually in size and their aggregate thickness including the pedicels with which they were joined was some 6 inches to 7 inches. The exterior coverings adjacent to the earth were so loose and flaky in texture as to render preserva- tion in their original form impossible. Many mature insects were found and three queens which were revived when warmed. Messrs. Smith and Weeks both gave instances showing the _ unusually abundant occurrence of this insect during the past season, while on the other hand, as Prof. Smith stated, no /el- tothts armiger had been observed on the corn in southern New Jersey. General discussion as to the cause of variation in frequency of various species in certain years. Mr. Weeks, while admitting that parasites and other natural enemies were factors, claimed that sudden climatic changes were most fatal to insect life. So long as the process of devel- opment of an egg or pupa had not been initiated great extremes could be safely endured, but if, through the influence of favor- able temperature, the egg or pupa were partially developed, the larva recently hatched or about to moult, or the imago just ‘ prepared for flight, the sudden advent of severe cold accom- panied by violent winds and more or less long continued chill- ing rains would almost inevitably result in the total annihila- tion of a species for the time being within the territory affected, 208 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [ June, ’05 and these conditions would readily account for its subsequent rarity in certain years. As to the future effect of any particu- lar storm or extreme in temperature it would be necessary to know the extent of development of each insect and the stage through which it was passing at the time to be able to predict with any degree of certainty upon its resultant abundance or rarity. Messrs. Smith, Roberts, Wasmuth, Engelhardt and Doll gave instances in support of the above theory. January 5, 1905.—Twenty-two persons present, the President in thechair. Mr. John Lewis Childs, of Floral Park, L. I., and Mr. William C. Wood, of 51 Fifth Ave., New York City, were elected members. ‘The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: Jeremiah L. Zabriskie, President; Edward L. Graef, Vice-President ; Christopher H. Roberts, Treasurer ; Richard F. Pearsall, Librarian; George Franck, Curator ; Archibald C. Weeks, Secretary. John B. Smith and Carl Schaffer, members of Executive Committee in conjunction with above-named officers. At the suggestion of a delegation from Mr. Bischoff, of the Newark Entomological Society, Messrs. Smith, Franck and Schaffer were appointed a committee to arrange for a joint meeting on July 4th of the Philadelphia, Newark, New York -_ and Brooklyn Societies. Prof. Smith briefly reviewed the salient changes in entomo- logical effort which had occurred during the past thirty years. At first when there was so much material which was compara- tively new and undescribed, considerable attention was devoted to collecting and field work. Then followed systems of classi- fication and studies in anatomy, physiology, histology and cecology and attempts at regulation of nomenclature; but experience had shown that the most effective work was that of the collector and observer of life histories and in these lines there had been a renewal of interest, not only in the verifica- tion of species and varieties, but in the details of insect exist- ence, to our knowledge of which even the most indifferent worker is often able to contribute observations of value. ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, Secretary. Nace ae sae Ent. News, Vou. XVI. Pi; xe CRINODES BIEDERMANI sKINNER. eden tt metentienenenas endl 1 he ee re ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION | ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA. Vor. XVI. = SEPTEMBER, 1905. No. 7. CONTENTS: Skinner—A new Crinodes from Arizona 209 | Knab—Galeruca pomonz Scopoli, in Houghton—Coleoptera at Light in Del- North Am@Ti@discn scans ccs laceaes 230 SWALS isin s desivase. s445 ds. chav eete 210 | Skinner—A new Megathymus from Ashmead—Two new Mymaride from Arizona, . ccecdewacasOecse sa sdeess.s 232 Russian Turkestan..............+. 213 | Davidson—‘‘ An Enemy of the Trap- Bruner—Two new South American Door Spid@iizatwerses sas vccoseonr's 233 Grasshoppers vce s sess 5054s spe eess 214 | Williams & Grinnell—A Trip to Mount Caudell—Notes on some Florida Or- Diablo in Search of Lepidoptera... 235 thopteras o.:.xc mest ee siggcsneetedese SiGe Editorial « Oviposition of Tetragoneuria (Odonata). By E. B. WILLIAMSON. In 1889 the Toledo, St. Louis and Kansas City R. R. (now the Toledo, St. Louis and Western R. R.) opened a gravel pit on the farm of Peter Frantz, near Bluffton, Indiana. The excavation, covering an area of about six acres, resulted in a pond without outlet or inlet. For several years I have watched this bare pit acquire a fauna and flora in some groups surprising in their richness. It is not my purpose here to discuss this subject in any detail, but it may be remarked that this pond furnished my type of Axallagma piscinarium, since reported only from two or three stations in the extreme eastern United States, and that at present the species of dragon- flies taken at the pond number forty, a larger number by three than can probably be taken in Great Britain at the present time. On May 28, 1905, Jetragoneuria cynosura was found in limited numbers at the pond. TZvamea lacerata was a more conspicuous species, many couples of which were flying and ovipositing, the male releasing the female just before she dipped her abdomen, catching her again deftly with his feet and then seizing her head with his long flexible abdominal 256 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., ’05 appendages. As couple after couple flew by, I observed in every case that the female grasped the abdomen of the male with her feet. The Tetragoneurias skirted the shores, each one confining itself generally to a limited stretch. About noon one was observed which seemed to have a pellet of some sort attached beneath near the end of the abdomen. It was captured, and I had no suspicion it was a female, so exactly like the males’ had its flight been, till I took it from the net. I looked at once for the pellet which was sticking to the net. With Professor Needham’s New York observations on the genus at once in mind, I hastened to place the pellet in water. Slowly it uncoiled into a strand of eggs about three inches long. The eggs were compact, and but little gelatinous mat- ter was apparent. Thisincreased rapidly in amount, however, till the diameter of the strand was about a quarter of an inch. The pellet of eggs when taken from the net was elliptical in shape, measuring about five-sixteenths of an inch in the long axis and scarcely one-fourth of an inch in the short axis. The strand when first placed in water had a diameter of less than one-eighth of an inch. Now to see the act of ovipositing. After an hour or two of watching, an individual was seen flying with a similar yellow pellet. Back and forth she flew, sometimes fifty yards from me, in spite of my efforts to keep her in close view. One pur- pose of the large, widely-forked vulvar lamina, which reaches beyond the end of the ninth abdominal segment, was now plain. It is the lower flexible and movable side of a vise in which the pellet of eggs is held and carried. The female flew rapidly, evidently not looking for a point for ovipositing. The pellet, which remained apparently the size when first seen, was ‘‘ripening’’ so its uncoiling in the water would be more rapid than had been the case with the pellet I had taken from the first female. The flight of the female under observation became more deliberate and she approached nearer the surface. Suddenly the tip of the abdomen swept the water as rapidly as though the species were a Libellula or Tramea. Delay would be fatal here, for the pond is filled with hungry species of the bass family, which all during the day were breaking the water Oct., 05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 257 in their efforts to catch Trameas,—always fruitless efforts, so far as I observed. I waded at once to the spot. The strand of eggs, possibly five inches in length, with a specific gravity slightly greater than water, was hung between two horizontal slightly submerged sedge leaves. i Notes on the Synonymy and Preparatory Stages of Illice faustinula Bdv. By Francis X. WILLIAMS. Mature larva.—Head bilobed, pale yellowish-green, irregularly blotched with black, leaving the clypeus and a space on either side of it and on the lobes of the vertex of the ground color, genz obscurely darkened ; upper half of submentum smoky-brown, lower half greenish: mentum smoky-brown; antennz pale gray; ocelli 6. Head with a few pale- colored rough hairs. Width 1.6mm. Body nearly cylindrical, thickened anteriorly,as in Papilio, but to a lesser degree, somewhat appressed ventrally, segments distinct. Markings on body of a very complicated nature. Ground color blackish, median line broad and broken, creamy pink, bordered by a gray band blotched with black, widen- ing on the first four and last two segments, widest on third segment and tapering towards the head. This gray band is more or less crescent-shaped on each segment, making the pattern somewhat resemble a chain of ganglia. Subdorsal to this gray band is a black one, much broken in by gray ; laterad is a gray band, sublateral to which is another black one ex- ceedingly irreguiar. Legs and venter pale gray, a broad purplish ventral line with spots of the same color on base of legs, stigmata gray. Body adorned Fig. i }- Notes and News «.\. 1.5 10% sasnsasenees The ‘Biologia Centrali-Americana.’ [Those interested in the entomology of the United States, especially of their southern portions, will inevitably have their attention attracted more and more to the insect-fauna of Mexico and Central America. As entomological exploration of the region to the north of the Rio Grande and the Gila pro- gresses, the greater will be the number of species found to be common to the United Statesand to Mexico. Although every writer, in the great series of volumes whose general title is that * Journ, New York, Ent. Soc. XIII. HII. 1905. 318 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 of this article, lays emphasis on the incompleteness of his con- tribution, there can be no doubt that the ‘ Biologia’ will for all time be a, if not ¢he, principal source of knowledge on the subject of which it treats. It has therefore seemed to the Editors of the NEws desirable to present to our readers, and to place on record in a more permanent way, some of the histori- cal and other information contained on the temporary paper- covers and prospectuses of the original parts in which the work has been issued. In doing so the Editors are greatly indebted to Mr. G. C. Champion, secretary of the ‘ Biologia.’ They are aware that much of what follows can be found in one or another of the volumes cited, but they also do not forget that the majority of the readers of the NEws are prevented from examining these tomes by distance from the larger libraries. The necessarily high cost precludes most private persons from possessing such a magnificent set of books.—P. P. C.] The full title is ‘‘ Biologia Centrali-Americana ; or, Contri- butions to the Knowledge of the Fauna and Flora of Mexico and Central America. Edited by F. Ducane Godman and [until his death in 1898] Osbert Salvin . . . . . London: Published for the Editor by R. H. Porter, 7 Princes Street, [earlier 10 Chandos Street] Cavendish Square, W., and Dulau & Co., Soho Square, W.’’ : The temporary covers of the earlier parts bear a prospectus ; - we quote from a cover of July, 1884: ‘‘ Under this title [Biol. Cent.-Am.] it is proposed to publish a series of Quarto Volumes upon the Fauna and Flora of Mexico and Central America—z. e. the whole of Mexico from the val- leys of the Rio Grande and Gila on the north ; the five Cen- tral-American States of Guatemala, Honduras, Salvador, Nic- aragua, and Costa Rica; British Honduras; and the Colom- bian State of Panama as far south as the Isthmus of Darien. ‘‘ During the past twenty-two years [z. e. since 1857, see below] the Editors have been collecting materials for such a work as they now propose. ‘They have themselves* visited parts of the country, and spent several years there; and dur- ing the whole of the above period they have received collec- * Details are given in the Introductions to Vol. I of the Rhopalocera and Vol. 1 of the Birds by F. D. Godman.—Eps. NEws. —" t + ——? Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 319 tions from correspondents, and from naturalists specially employed in visiting many of the previously unexplored dis- tricts. The materials thus obtained have been partly retained by the Editors in their own Collection, and partly so distribu- ted as to be most readily available for the present work. In addition to these materials, the Editors propose that all speci- mens obtained by other travellers should be examined, wher- ever they may be accessible so as to make the work as complete a record as possible of what is known of the Animal and Vege- table life of the country under investigation. ‘* The work will be issued in Zoological and Botanical Parts. Those relating to Zoology will contain portions of several sub- jects. When the work is closed each subject will be complete in itself ; and the whole will form a series of volumes of vari- ous thicknesses, according to the extent of each subject. The Botanical Parts will contain no other subject. ‘*Kach Zoological Part will contain twelve sheets (or 96 : pages) of letterpress, and an average of six plates, most of which will be lithographs coloured by hand. **Kach Botanical Part will also contain twelve sheets of . letterpress and an average of six plates, a few of which will be -coloured. ** As it is proposed to include all the materials that may come to hand during the progress of the work, it is not possible to give an exact estimate of its extent ; but it is believed that it will not much exceed 60 Parts, equivalent to about r2 Volumes of 500 pages each, of Zoology * and 20 Parts of Botany.’’ A prospectus issued with Part 73, in February, 1889, states ** The issue (in Parts)... ...'. was commenced in Septem- ber, 1879, and has been continued to the present time. .... The materials for this work have been gradually accumulated since the end of the year 1857 ; but during the past nine years, since the publication was commenced, the accessions in all branches of Zoology have been very great, so that the extent of the work has been largely increased. To give an idea con- cisely of what has been already done in the Insecta alone: the number of species of various orders examined and catalogued nearly reaches 15,000; of these upward of 7500 have been * The italics are ours.— Eps. NEws. 320 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 described in this work for the first time, and a very large number of them have been figured.’’ ‘This same prospectus announced a contribution to the Archeology of Central America—Mr. A. P. Maudslay on the chief Indian remains of Guatemala. Part 187 was issued in March, 1905; with it the ‘ Biologia’ had made the following progress. Completed were: ARCHZOLOGY. Five volumes, A. P. Maudslay and J. T. Goodman, 386 pages, 392 plates, 1889-1902. BOTANY. Five volumes, W. B. Hemsley, 2517 pages, 110 plates, 1879-1888. ZOOLOGY. Mammalia, one volume, E. R. Alston, 240 pages, 22 plates, 1879-1882. Aves, four volumes, O. Salvin and F. D. Godman, 1689 pages, 84 plates, 1879-1904. Reptilia and Batrachia, one volume, A. Giinther, 346 pages, 76 plates, 1885-1902. Terrestrial and Fluviatile Mollusca, one volume, E. von Martens, 734 pages, 44 plates, 1890-IgoI. Arachnida, four volumes, O. P. Cambridge, F. O. P. Cambridge, R. I. Pocock, and O. Stoll, 1099 pages, 126 plates, 1886-1905. Coleoptera, thirteen volumes, 6648 pages, 254 plates, as follows: Adephaga, H. W. Bates, 1881-1884, and D. Sharp, 1882-1887. Pselaphide, etc., D. Sharp, A. Matthews, and G. Lewis, 1887-1905. Pectinicornia and Lamellicornia, H. W, Bates, 1886-1890. Serricornia, C. O. Waterhouse, G. H. Horn, G. C. Champion, 1882-1897. Malacodermata, H. S. Gorham, 1880-1886. Heteromera, G. C. Champion, 1884-1893. Longicornia and Bruchides, H. W. Bates and D. Sharp, 1879-1886. Phytophaga, M. Jacoby, J. S. Baly, and G. C. Champion, 1880- 1894. Erotylidz, etc., H. S. Gorham, 1887-1899. Hymenoptera, three volumes, P. Cameron and A. Forel, 1092 pages, 34 plates, 1883-1900. Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera, three volumes, F. D. Godman and O. Sal- vin, 1315 pages, 113 plates, 1879-1901. Heterocera (excl. Micros), three volumes, H. Druce, 1144 pages, Io1 plates, 1881-1g00. Diptera, three volumes, C. R. Osten Sacken, S. W. Williston, J. M. Aldrich, W. M. Wheeler, A. L. Melander, and F. M. van der Wulp, ro1g pages, 21 plates, 1886-1903. Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 321 Rhynchota: Heteroptera, two volumes, W. L. Distant and G. C. pages, 13 plates, 1881-1905. —o eee Champion, 914 pages, 61 plates, 1880-1901. Homoptera, one volume, W. L. Distant and W. W. Fowler, 157 lished parts of other incompleted volumes, as follows : Chilopoda and Diplopoda, R. I. Pocock, 56 pages, 5 plates. Coleoptera: Rhyncophora, parts of three volumes, D. Sharp, G. C.- Champion and W. F. H. Blandford, 952 pages, 38 plates. Rhynchota Homoptera, parts of two volumes, W. W. Fowler and T. -D. A. Cockerell, 349 pages, 21 plates. Neuroptera, A. E. Eaton and P. P. Calvert, 144 pages, 5 plates. Orthoptera, L. Bruner and A. P. Morse, 152 pages, 1 plate. The totals of all that had been published to that date were as follows : Subject Completed Volumes Incompleted Volumes Archeology 5 Botany 5 Zoology 40 8 Totals 50 ie Pages 386 2,517 18,518 21,421 Orthoptera, one volume, A. de Bormans, A. Pictet, H. de Saussure, and L. Zehnter, 468 pages, 22 plates, 1893-1899. At the same date, March, 1905, there had also been pub- Plates 392 IIo IO4I 1,543 Of the volumes devoted to Zoology 29 completed and 7 incompleted refer to Insects. These 36 volumes treat of the following numbers of species : Total Number of Species Coleoptera 15,293 Hymenoptera 2,202 Lepidoptera 5,444 Diptera 2,320 Rhynchota Heteroptera 1.700 _ Homoptera 1,168 Orthoptera 877 Neuroptera 152 Totals (to March, 1905) 29,156 9,659 ’ 1,053 1,672 993 870 616 310 at 15,217 New Species Described The following entomological subjects have not yet been started: Aculeate Hymenoptera and Neuroptera (other than Ephemeridz and Odonata) for which no one, willing to under- 322 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 take them, has been found; Microlepidoptera, undertaken by Lord Walsingham ; part of the Rhyncophora, undertaken by G. C. Champion and K. Jordan. Our space limits do not permit us to give even a summary of the generalizations of the various authors. We can only mention that the general relations of the fauna of Mexico and Central America to others is especially treated in the Introduc- tions by H. W. Bates to Vol. I, part 1, and Vol. V, D. Sharp to Vol. I, part 2, H. S. Gorham to Vol. III, part 2 and G, C. Champion to Vol. IV, part 1 of Coleoptera; by F. D. God- man to Vol. I of Lepidoptera Rhopalocera ; and in several ot the non-insectan volumes. Most of the paper-covers of the original parts have an- nounced that ‘‘ The Editors will give, at the conclusion of the Work, an Introductory Volume, wherein the physical features of the country will be described and illustrated with maps.’’ Mr. Champion informs us, however, that this has become doubtful, owing to the death of Mr. Salvin. In the present absence of such a volume, it may be mentioned that pp. 138- 167 of Vol. IV of the Botany contain outlines of the geogra- phy and prominent features of the region. : Many of the contributing authors speak of the extent of the material which they have examined as ‘‘enormous.’’ A first set of all specimens belonging to Messrs. Godman and Salvin, has, after completon of that part of the ‘ Biologia’ concerned, been placed in the British Museum of Natural History. As stated in the NEws for January, 1896, page 6, 61,800 speci- mens of Coleoptera had been received by the Museum from this source, The ‘ Biologia,’ a private undertaking, is thus well worthy of comparison with that other great English series of the late Nineteenth Century—the Challenger Reports, published by Government funds. First Katypip.—Is that your daughter singing so sweetly in the next tree? SECOND KatypIp.—Yes; you see her legs were cultivated in Europe. —Life. Dec., 05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 323 List of Micro-Lepidoptera Taken in Hampton, New Hampshire. By S. ALBERT SHAW. The town of Hampton is situated in the southeastern part of New Hampshire, and borders on the ocean. In the eastern part is a large tract of sand hills and salt marsh, comprising one-fourth of the area of the town, the marsh being as level as any prarie of the West. The rest of the land near the coast is remarkably level, but further back is more rough, though there are no hills worthy of the name. The uplands are well wooded. Most of my collecting has been done within five minutes walk of my home which is near the northern border of the above mentioned marsh land. No collecting has been done in the northern part of the town. In the following list are quite a number of records new to New Hampshire and several new to New England as far as I know. With a very few exceptions the identifications have been made by Mr. Kearfott and Dr. Dietz to whom I would render grateful acknowledgment for their kindness. It is the intention of the writer to publish additions to this list as new captures are made and identified. Glaphria sesquistrialis Hiibner Lipocosma fuliginosalis Fernald, vii, 9. Hymenia fascialis Cramer, vii, 14. Diastictis argyralis Hiibner, v, 10; vi, 4; ix, 3. Pantographa limata Grote-Robin- son, vii, 21; vili, 9. Sylepta obscuralis Lederer, vi, 24; vii, 7. Evergestis rimosalis Guenée, vii, 17 Evergestis straminalis Hiibner, vi, 13; Vili, 20. Nomophila noctuella Denis and Schiffermiiller, viii, ro. Phlyctenia tertialis Guenée, vi, 10; viii, 27. Cindaphia bicoloralis Guenée, vii, 5; viii, 27. Loxostege chortalis Grote. Pyrausta orphisalis Walker, vii, 18. Pyrausta fumalis Guenée, viii, 13. Pyrausta fodinalis Lederer, vi, 20; vii, 8. Pyrausta acrionalis Walker, v, 30; vii, 26. Pyrausta insequalis Guenée, vi, 24; vii, 21, ix, 7. Pyrausta funebris Strém, v, 30; vi, 20. Eustixia pupula Hiibner, vii, 9; viii, 3; ix, 9. Nymphula tcciusalis Walker, vii, 4 and 30. 324 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. Nymphula maculalis Clemens, viii, 5 Scoparia basalis Walk. ., vii, 5; viii, 24 Hypsopygia costalis Fabricius, vii, 7; viii, 8. Pyralis farinalis Linnzus, vi, 21; vii, 23. Herculia cohortalis Grote, vii, 9. Galasa rubidana Walker, vii, 7 and 11. Schenobius unipunctellus Robin- son, vi, I. Schenobius tripunctellus Robinson, vii, 15. Schenobius forficellus Thunberg. Crambus hastiferellus Walker, vi, 53) vili,- 25% Crambus girardellus Clemens, vi, 27; vii, ¢: Crambus bidens Zell , vii, 14 and 24. Crambus laqueatellus Clemens, vi, Ir and 21. Crambus agitatellus Clemens, vi, 30; vii, 7; viii, 20. Crambus albellus Clemens, vi, 13; vii, 20. ; Crambus hortuellus Hiibner, vi, 23; vii, 6; viii, 25. Crambus perlelius Scopoli, viii, 4. Crambus elegans Clemens, vii, 20; viii, 25. Crambus vulgivagellus Clemens, vill, 20. Crambus mutabilis Clemens, vi, 6; vii, 20. Crambus trisectus Walker, vi, 6; vii, 7. Crambus caliginosellus Clemens, viii, I and 20. Crambus luteolellus Clemens, vii, 7 PRA yee Loy Argyria nivalis Dru., vi, 29; vii, 20 Argyria auratella Clemens, vii, 19; viii, 5. Galleria mellonella Linneus, vi, 17 Acrobasis rubrifasciella Packard, vii, 9; viii, 6. [Dec., ’05 Mineola juglandis LeBaron, vii, 15 Salebria basilaris Zeller, vii, 7. Epischnia boisduvaliella Guenée, vi, I and 21. Euzophera semifuneralis Walker, vi, 30. Euzophera ochrifrontella Zeller, Wi, 27, Canarsia ulmiarrosorella Clemens, vii, Io, FHlulstea undulatella Clemens, vii Bet SITs ree Homeosoma electellum Hulst, viii, 16. Homeosoma religuella Dyar. Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, v, 21; vi, I. Peoria approximella Walker, vi, 19; vil, I5; viii, 3. PTEROPHORID#. Platyptilia percnodactyla Walsing- ham, vi, 8. Platyptilia marginidactyla Fitch. TORTRICID/. Exartema zellerianum Fernald, vii, 20. Exartema permundanum Clemens, © viii, 8 Exartema fasciatanum Clemens, vii, 24; viii, 9. Olethreutes nimbatana Clemens. Olethreutes albeolana Zeller, v, 31; vi, 20; vii, 15; viii, 4. Olethreutes interruptolineana Fer- nald, vi, 13. Olethreutes hemidesma Zeller, vi, 30; vii, 25. Olethreutes osmandana Fernald. Olethreutes auricapitana Walsing- ham, vi, 13; vii, 18. Olethreutes coruscana Clemens, vi, 15 and 25. Olethreutes constellatana Zeller, vi, g and 17. } : : ‘ ; ) - Dec., ’05] Olethreutes agilana Clemens, vi, 9. Olethreutes instrutata Clemens, viii, 19. Olethreutes campestrana Zeller. Eucosma albiguttana Zeller, vi, 22. Eucosma juncticiliana Walsing- ham, viii, 1. Eucosma solicitana Walker, vi, 15; viii, 25. Eucosma strenuana Walker, vi, 15; viii, 20. Eucosma tllotana Walsingham, vi, 3, 14, 30. Eucosma desertana Zeller, vi, 14. Eucosma otiosana Clemens, vi, 17. Eucosma pergandeana Fernald, vi, ii. Eucosma similana Hiibner, ix, 12. Eucosma dorsisignatana Clemens, IX, 4, 7. Eucosma minutana Kearfott, viii, 10 Thiodia radiaiana Walsingham, v, 30; vi, 17. Thiodia olivaceana Riley, viii, 1. Thiodia ferruginana Fernald, vi, I, 19. Thiodia striatana Clemens, v, 30; vi, 9. Thiodia signatana Clemens, vi, 15. Thiodia rufusana Walker, ix, I. Proteopteryx deludana Clemens, Wie 3: Proteopteryx costomaculana Clem- ens, v, I2, 30. Proteopteryx spoliana Clemens, var. iv, 10, 30. Proteopteryx nubeculana Fernald, MSS. v, I5. Tmetocera ocellana Schiffermiiller, viii, 1. Ancylis mediofasciana Clemens, v, Io. Ancylis nubeculana Clemens, vi, 12. Ancylis subequana Zeller, vi, 12. Ancylis lundana Fabricius. Ancylis laciniana Zeller, vi, 1. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 325 Ancylis dubiana Clemens. Ancylis comptana Frdlich, vi, 11. Ancylis angulifasciana Zeller. Ancylis apicana Walker, vi, 12. Ancylis tineana Hiibner. Enarmonia interstinctana Clemens, vi, II. Ecdytolopta insiticiana Zeller, vii, 3. Hemimene simulana Clemens, vi,18 Cydia pomonella Linnzus, vi, 6, 11. Alceris effractana Frdlich, v, tgoo. Alceris trisignana Robinson, iv, 4. Alceris nigrolinea Robinson, x, 2. Alceris brewsteriana Robinson, v, 10. Alceris celiana Robinson, x, 28. Alceris hastiana Linn. var. macult- dorsana Clemens, x, 28. Alceris hastiana Linn. var. inana Robinson. Alceris viburnana Clemens, vii, 30. Alceris ferrugana Schiffermiiller, x, 25 Alceris cervinana Fernald, iv, 12. Epagoge sulfurena Clem., viii, 24. Sparganothis puritana Robinson, vii, 14, 3I. Sparganathis xanthoides Walker, viii, 28. Sparganothis trrorea Robinson, vi, 26. Sparganothis violaceana Robinson, V, 23s. ae Archips rosaceana Harris, vii, 19; viii, 14, 16. Archips purpurana Clemens, vii, 24; viii, 4. Archips cerasivorana Fitch, vii, 4. Archips argyrospila Walker, vii, 3. Archips semtferana Walker, v, 30; v1, 25. Archips fervidana Clemens, vii, 13. Archips afflictana Walker, v, 16. Archips clemensiana Fernald, vii, 9 Archips persicana Fitch, v, 19; vii, 7. 326 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. Archips virescana Clemens, vi, 16. Tortrix querctfoliana Fitch, viii, 28. Tortrix albicomana Clemens. Tortrix peritana Clemens, vi, 7; 1X, 1s Eulia triferana Walker, viii, 13. Eulia politana Haworth, vy, 17. Eulia velutinana Walker, v, 5; vii, 17. ‘Amorbia humerosana Clemens, vi, ee: Phalonia rutilana Hiibner, vi, 26. Phatlonia seriatana Zeller, vii, 15. Phalonia angulatana Robinson. YPONOMEUTIDE. Plutella maculipennis Curtis, vi, 26. GELECHIID. Metzneria lappella Linnzus, vii, 7. Aristotelia roseosuffusella Clem- ens, v, 10; vii, 18; viii, I. Aristotelia rubidella Clem., vii, 9. Aristotelia gilvolinella Clemens, vii, 9. Recurvaria dorsivittella Zeller, iv, 4, 14. Paralechia cristifasciella Cham- bers, iv, 14; v, 5, 27. Trichotaphe alacella Clem. vii, 25. Anorthosia punctipennella Clem- ens, vii, 18. Ypsolophus ventrellus Fitch,vii, 15. Gelechia trialbamaculella Cham- bers, vi, 6, 18. Gelechia maculimarginella Cham- bers, vi, II. Gelechia pseudoacaciella Chamb. Gelechia mediofuscella Clemens, iv, 303 vi, 2. XYLORICTIDE. Stenoma schlaegeri Zeller, v, 15; vi, 19. [Dec., ’05 CECOPHORID. Cryptolechia quercicella Clemens, vii, Io. Machimia tentoriferella Clemens, v, 22; ix and x. Depressaria atrodorsella Clemens, iv, 15 to v, I5. Depressaria pulvipennella Clem- ens, x, 20. Depressaria argillacea Walsing- ham, viii, 24. Depressaria fernaldella Walsing- ham, iv, 26. Depressaria psoraliella Walsing- ham, v, 17. Depressaria heraclana De Geer, x; 22. Semioscopsis packardella Clemens, iv, I5; v, 2. Semtoscopsis allenella Walsingham Dasycera newmanella Clemens, vi, 19, 22. ELACHISTID. Coleophora cespititiella Zeller. Coleophora spissicornis Zell. vi, 8. Cosmopteryx floridanella Beuten- miiller, vii, 7, 18. Cosmopteryx gemmiferella Clem- ens, vii, 18. Elachista albapalpella Chambers, ¥73. Scythris eboracensis Zeller, v, 17 to vi, 17. Mompha eloisella Clemens, v, 23 to vi, 17. TINEIDE. Bucculatrix pomifoliella Clemens, vii, 17. Lithocolletes ostensackenella Fitch, vi, 14. Lithocolletes nemoris Walsingham, vii, 21. Lithocolletes populiella Chambers. ii, 9. ie ee Dec., ’05] Gracilaria belfrageelia Chambers. Gracilaria coroniella Clem , vii, 15 Gracilaria elongella Linnzus, vii, 15, 18. Gracilaria negundella Chambers, xii, 2. Gracilaria alchimiella v, 24. Gracilaria burgessiella Zeller, var. Tischeria citrinipennella Clemens, Ae ke Argyresthia andereggielia Dupon- chel, vii, 1, 15. Scopoli, ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 327 Argyresthia goedertelila Linnzus, viii, I. Tineola biselliella Hummel, vi, 26. Tinea defectella Zeller, v, 25, 31. Tinea fuscipunctella Haw., vii, 15. Tinea granella Linnzus, x, 17. Tinea pellionella Linn., vii, 15, 18. Amadrya effrenatella Clem, vi, 26. Adela purpura Walker, v. 4. ; Pseudanaphora arcanella Clemens, vii, 6. Pseudanaphora mora Grote, x, II. Ornix crategifoliella Clem. ,viii,16 Mimicry and Protective Coloration. By OweEN S. Paxson, Devon, Pa. Having observed many instances of both in our common insects, my theory is midway between Darwin’s and that of John Burroughs’. From observations around Devon I believe that protective coloration and mimicry have not the importance scientists have so generally ascribed to it, at least in the class insecta and relatives. They are only of use to the individual for long distances, comparatively speaking. Take for instance Vanessa antiopa ; if it is resting on the trunk of a cherry tree eating the exuding sap, its form blends perfectly with the bark. Now, if the insect remains motion- less, it is utterly impossible to see the creature at a distance of one hundred feetor more. Even ifthe distance were shortened to twenty-five feet, I doubt if any person would see the insect. With birds or other animals, probably depending on this insect for food, it is different ; anyone would think that their eyesight would be far keener than even those of the trained entomolo- gist. They are alert and on the watch a great proportion of time, therefore, this sense could not help being much more per- fectly developed. Suppose that Vanessa were a solid scarlet instead of its usual coloration, anybody and any animal could detect it ata much greater distance. If the insect mimicked nothing and was much sought after for food, look at its great danger of utter extermination. Instead of being seen at a comparatively short distance (twenty-five feet or even less), an 328 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’o5 object so colored resting on the blackish bark would be revealed to all animals in a much larger area, and would naturally dis- appear more quickly. I believe that the senses and feelings, with the acts that pro- ceed from them, are identical in all animals whether men or insects. As an example, I mean that when I once discover a certain insect, I continue to see and find it with greater ease in exactly the same situations in which I was once unable to detect it. This is owing to the fact that the eye is accustomed to the insect’s blending perfectly with its surroundings, and can now separate it from these surroundings. Why should not animals be able to do the same thing? I believe they can, for their appetite is back of their being:able to observe. Last year I found several larvze of Papilio turnus on the upper surface of a small tulip tree in the woods, and noticed that their bodies harmonized perfectly with the peculiar dark, bronze, metallic green. I doubt very much if I could have seen this insect at all when a short distance away, when the many leaves are considered and the darkness of the woods, to- gether with this likeness. Even at a less distance than men- tioned I could not have seen it if my eyes had not been accus- tomed to its form, characteristics, and surroundings, unless by accident or continued observation in one place. The larvee of many of the Saturniidz have been practically invisible among the leaves of our common trees, although I knew they were present from the excrement on the ground. Surrounded by the multitudinous green leaves, varying so in light and shadow, their bodies certainly harmonize perfectly. Often have I seen the great resemblance of these larvee to a rolled leaf, or a leaf overlapping another thus giving the appearance of a dark streak, or an imperfection. All of these conditions, when viewed from a distance, very often and strik- ingly appear like caterpillars. Now, if these characteristics were brought within a few feet of the observer, all the imper- fections would be imperfections and nothing else ; the peculiar conditions would vanish and we would only see the real insect. Distance certainly governs to a great extent the laws of pro- tective coloration and mimicry. Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 329 A few days ago, while walking along a road, I came to a plant of evening primrose growing close tothe roadside. The top was crowned with a number of its beautiful delicate flow- ers, one of which I noticed was of unusual appearance ; on examining more closely I found Rhodophora florida, somewhat smaller than the flower, which had crawled into the partially closed corolla for protection and rest during the day. The limbal area of the fore wings was of a delicate yellow similar in every way to the petals of the blossom ; this portion was the most conspicuous as the posterior end of the body protruded. The discal area and base were of a delicate pink, thus giving a similar effect of a partially wilted blossom. Driving or walk- ing along the road, although not more than ten feet distant, I doubt whether any one would have seen the moth or even noticed the unusual appearance of the flower. Thus again I think that mimicry and coloration are only meant to protect the wearer from distant enemies. Then the small spiders of varying colors to suit their habitat and Phymata wolfii, which secrete themselves in the crowns of the thistle, carrot, and milkweed, are totally invisible from a short distance, but as you get closer the individual soon takes definite shape in spite of its care in concealment, and its strik- ing resemblance to the surroundings. One of these spiders recently attracted my attention; in color the abdomen was white, while the thorax was of a delicate green. As the latter was uppermost and protruded through the pedicels of the carrot, no doubt in this way it broke the solid white of the abdomen behind thus looking more like the object on which the spider rested. When seen it had come forth and tightly held a honey bee in its mandibles. Even after getting very close I could not see the creature, but the bee looked unnat- ural. Surely the object of all this great care, is to allow the prey to come within striking distance, when it becomes a ques- tion of which is the more agile, stronger or more alert. The Catoca/a moths, resting during the day on the trunks of our forest trees, are invisible from any distance, but approach more closely and you will soon be able to discern their shape. They keep the hind wings covered, for if they did not, they would be like fire at night, for the contrast is as great. They 330 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 seem to know this for never is one seen on the bark with wings spread like a butterfly for any length of time. With the Hymenoptera the conditions seem very different, for here they are protected by a sting or such contrivance ; therefore, we have them moving about fearlessly and not seek- ing cover. The Diptera are as a rule very quick on the wing ; they that are not, no doubt have some protection, while a few mimic bees or wasps thus escaping injury or being able to accomplish more easily some mischief. The Coleoptera are so well protected by the hard elytra and chitin that other characteristics seem unnecessary, except- ing their wonderful running powers. ‘Their flight is slow and even, and when in danger many rely on falling to the ground, when as a rule they quickly disappear. Orthopterons have protection, like the katydid, in the grass and bushes ; it being difficult to see them even at a short dis- tance, unless in motion. Their wings are very remarkable for a close resemblance to the leaves. The walking-stick when motionless is another excellent example, and a better likeness could not be found. Many of the locusts also are wonderfully protected in their native haunts in the fields or even on the roads ; this is the case with Dissosteira. ‘This protection is all right until you approach too closely, for then the insect seems to know that it is valueless and immediately flies away. In this order, the Diptera, and very often but not always in the Hymen- optera, great alertness and rapidity play an important part. The Odonata are exceedingly conspicuous in their natural haunts; even when resting they still remain so. With these insects, phenomenal swiftness in flying no doubt protects them as much as those favored with mimicry. Great alertness also goes hand in hand with their other trait. Thus, with the insects, some are gifted with mimicry or pro- _ tective coloration, while others are not so favored. From my observations it appears that only the weak and slow forms have these traits, while they that have some formidable weapon or characteristic move about with apparent impunity at all times. Of course there is great danger to all, but whichever defense they possess answers the purpose admirably, as all natural phenomena do. ———— =< 4 ve Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 331 A New Bee of the Genus Perdita From Texas. By T. D. A. CocKERELL. Perdita xanthismz pn. sp. Q.—Length a little over 5 mm; head and thorax dark shining green, with the light markings a very pale yellowish or ochreous ; abdomen broad, deep honey-color, either without any distinct markings, or with brown sublateral spots on the segments, connected by obscure nebulous bands. Tongue long; first joint of labial palpi long, about or nearly twice as long as the other three combined; maxillary palpi 6-jointed ; mandibles, labrum, clypeus, lateral face-marks (broad below, ending in a five point on orbital margin a little above level of antennz), dog-ear marks, and a small transverse supraclypeal mark (sometimes evanescent) all light yellowish ; cheeks simple, very hairy ; front shining ; antennz a sort of pale orange, flagellum dark brown above except at tip ; thorax with much white hair ; mesothorax shining ; upper margin of prothorax, and tubercles, light yellowish, below this the prothorax is mainly brown ; pleura dark ; tegule hyaline ; wings rather milky, stigma and nervures colorless ; second s. m. rather large, nearly an equilateral triangle, a little cut off at the top; second r. n. distinct, meeting second t. c. ; femora dark except at apex ; tibiz and tarsi light yellowish, the tibiz more or less darkened ; claws simple. The first abdominal segment may be brown with a light band, interrupted in the middle. Hab.—Goldthwaite, Texas, September 4, 1905, at flowers of Xanthisma texanum, D. C., collected by Mr. J. C. Crawford, who states that the species is found in various parts of N. Texas. The following table separates the above species from those which most resemble it : Vertex and mesothorax nude ; very small species ; face-markings white in: 3, nonedin SiGe eS semicrocea CkIl. Mesothorax more or less hairy, usually stronglyso ......... q; 1, Anterior femora yellow; males: .5.5).: . pee ee oe Anterior femora dark, or: mainly so‘i600 .<. 2 Re eee 3. 2. Nervures brown; face bright yellow .... . -. . . . Phodura Ckil. Nervures colorless . 2g 9° AS 3409 Shoo eee side Ckll. 3. Stigma with a brown margin ; abdomen bright apricot-color. chamesarache Ckll. Stigma with no brown margin ; abdomen not so brightly colored . . 4. 4. Face-marks white, lateral marks not attenuated above (Arizona). mellina Ckll. Face-marks light yellowish, lateral marks attenuated above. xanthismez Ckll. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [The Conductors of ENTOMOLOGICAL News solicit and will thankfully receive items of news likely to interest its readers from any source. The author’s name will be given in each case, for the information of cataloguers and bibliographers. ] To Contributors.—All contributions will be considered and passed upon at our earliest convenience, and, as far as may be, will be published according to date of recep- tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL NEws has reached a circulation, both in numbers and circumfer- ence, as to make it necessary to put ‘‘ copy ” into the hands of the printer, for each num- ber, three weeks before date of issue. This should be remembered in sending special or important matter for a certain issue. Twenty-five ‘‘ extras,’ without change in form, will be given free, when they are wanted ; and this should be so stated on the MS., along with the number desired. The receipt of all papers will be acknowledged.—Ep. PHILADELPHIA, PA., DECEMBER, 1905. One way and another we are confronted by the question of the policy of this journal. We realized the fact that we had different classes of subscribers, from the professional entomolo- gist to the simple lover of nature, who may not even know one scientific name from another, and it has been our aim to be of use to all our subscribers. We not infrequently get letters like the following : ‘* Most of us would dearly like to have no work but ento- mology, and thus have time for all the reading and researches wewant. I had a letter a few months ago from a woman in a small village. She said she was elderly, a widow, had brought up four children by going out sewing and her one amusement was collecting butterflies and moths and learning what she could of them. One of the ladies had given her an ‘‘ Outlook’’ witha moth article of mine. She said ‘I never knew before that any- one had written about such things’. She asked me to tell her of books and magazines which she could buy, as she had money saved and said: ‘ You don’t know what it is to me to think of finding books to help me. I have been just starv- ing for them.’ To such a person the NEws is a treasure- trove, and I hope it will keep to the popular side. . For twenty- five years she had kept at her collecting without knowing the name of one species! It was as pathetic a bit of life as often comes in my way.’’ ‘This woman is now a reader of ENTO- MOLOGICAL NEws. 332 Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 333 Notes and News. ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS OF THE GLOBE. AT the annual meeting of the Entomological Society of Ontario held in October last, Professor T. D. A. Cockerell, of the University of Colorado, was unanimously elected an honorary member. MEXICAN FLIEs IN THE UNITED StatEs.—During the past season I have taken two species of flies around Washington hitherto known only from Mexico. One is a yellowish-red ant-like Ortalid—Cyrtometopa ( Odontomera) ferruginea Macq. It rests on the leaves of low shrubbery in June, July and August. The other fly—(Cordyligaster minuscula Van der Wulp—is a Dexid with a clavate body, and the anterior part of wings fuscous. It was taken only twice, in July, and was at rest on the leaf of a small tree. I have also taken it at Shreveport, La.—NATHAN BANKs. THE Association of Economic Entomologists will hold its annual meet- ing in New Orleans in conjunction with the American Association for the Advancement of Science, convening for the first session on Monday fore- noon, January 1st. Place and exact time will be announced in the pre- liminary program. It is expected that the sessions will continue for three days. A preliminary program will be issued immediately after December roth, containing the titles of all papers received up to that time. The secretary hopes that all members intending to present papers will send in their titles by December roth.—H. E. Summers, Iowa State College, Ames, Ia. Dr. Dyakr fails entirely to reach the point of my inquiry in the Novem- ber number of Ent. News. I wish very much to learn in what parts of the country stemmed cocoons of Te/ea polyphemus are the rule ; in what parts they are equally common with the stemless form; in what parts they are not reported. I think, but I have no copy of the Ent. News at hand, that I made no statement that the ‘‘fact’’ of polyphemus cocoons with stems was “‘ new,” but that I had never found one, had never seen one until a certain time. Dr. Dyar should remember that comparatively few of the hundreds who study insects have large entomological libraries at their command, in daily reach as it were, and cannot afford to subscribe to all the periodi- cals dealing with the subject. Many of us have duties which prevent our spending hours in searching for what we want in a library which may be several miles away. I think that many of us had supposed that a ‘‘ popular’’ magazine like the Ent. NEws was intended to be of service in just such ways, as well as to give us whatever absolutely ‘‘ new” and original papers were offered to it. If this is not the case it will be very easy for the Editors to say so. —CAROLINE GRAY SOULE. ty 334 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 THE Cambridge Entomological Club held an exhibition of insects on Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday, November 1, 2, 3, 4, at the rooms of the Appallachian Mountain Club in the Tremont Building, 73 Tremont, corner of Beacon Street, Boston. The exhibition was similar to that of last year, illustrating the insects of the neighboring country, life histories, variation, insect injuries and other matters of general interest. The exhibit was in charge of W. D. Denton, C. W. Johnson and J. H. Emerton. THE MIGRATIONS OF BUTTERFLIES.—The great flights of butterflies, which flutter by millions along some rivers in South America, have been described by several travelers in the Amazon valley, but according to a writer in the Revue Scientifique, no one has yet succeeded in accounting for them satisfactorily. An account of some recent observations, ab- stracted from 7he Bulletin of the Para Museum, appears in the former periodical (May 20). Says the writer : ‘The migrations of birds are well known, but those of butterflies do not appear to be so generally recognized. M. Goeldi, the director of the museum at Para, Brazil, gives some information about such migrations in the Amazon valley, which are positively huge. The author states that he was deeply impressed in 1870 by a migration of this kind, lasting nearly an hour, which he witnessed in Switzerland, near Lake Neuchatel. This was composed of an enormous number of individuals of Pieris brassica. These pierides also made up the flight of butterflies in the Amazon valley. “Such flights have been noted several times, especially by Bates, by Spruce (in 1849), and also in an old Brazilian chronicle in 1615. But — some of the authors declare that the flights were southward and others that they were northward. M. Goeldi has reconciled these stories; he followed, on the Rio Capim, a flight of these myriads of butterflies, and showed that the direction varied with the period of the journey. ‘The flights were composed exclusively of pierides, of which about 99 per cent. were Catopsilia statira and the rest almost entirely Aurema albula. Goeldi took instantaneous photographs ofthe butterflies, of which oneis very interesting since it represents a passing irregularity in the disciplined order of their flight; in certain places columns are detached, make a detour, and rejoin the main body later, after describing a sort of circle. ‘* The excursionists who thus detach themselves temporarily, also do so to direct their course toward a leguminous tree of frequent occurrence on the banks of the Rio Capim. It is called in Brazil the arapary. : This tree at the time of the observed migrations (July-August) is in flower, and the blossoms, though not visible to a great distance, give out an intense perfume. The flower has a nectary to which the insects resort to get the juice. It is always in the neighborhood of these trees that the butterflies make their detours. The trees are very characteristic ~ of the river-banks of the Amazon basin, and must offer a highly prized Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 335 food to the pierides of the region, which perhaps do the tree a service in aiding its pollinization. But what is the cause of these immense flights—of these enormous assemblages that move in masses along the rivers? M. Goeldi does not attempt to explain them. Spruce thought that the flights were mostly of males and on the other hand that the migratory instinct of the females was to be explained by the necessity of seeking certain species of mimosas to lay their eggs thereon. But so far as we know, no one has advanced any satisfactory explanation of the reason why myriads of pierides should thus join ina common flight.””— Translation made for THE LiTERARY DIGEST. New Haven, Ct., Aug. 4, 1905. DEaR NeEws.—I trust that you will allow me space in your columns to call attention to a few good and bad features in the mechanical ‘‘ make- up” or form of insect catalogues, check lists and monographs. Cata- logues and lists are used not only by the specialist, but also by the general worker and amateur. Curators of collections, perhaps, are obliged to use them as often as anyone, and it is in their behalf that I would speak. I have just been examining Prof. J. M. Aldrich’s Catalogue of North American Diptera, and have noted its many admirable features. The specific name in heavy faced type at the left margin of the page, with the references indented, is a convenient arrangement, and is found in Dyar’s List of Lepidoptera, though in the latter numbers precede the specific names. The numbers are omitted from Aldrich’s list, but except for those who exchange and write about species in numerical terms this is hardly an inconvenience, asthe species are arranged alphabetically under each genus. The references, where each author’s name begins a sepa- rate line, are certainly more convenient than when arranged as in Dyar’s list, though riot so economical of space. Localities printed on the right margin of the page, as in Dyar’s list, certainly facilitates looking up the distribution of a species, and must be considered a good feature. But one of the chief disadvantages of both books just mentioned is that the running titles at the tops of the pages give no idea of the contents of the pages under them, but are the titles of the book. Not so with Osten Sacken’s catalogue, where only the name of the family appears at the top of each page. From the usual arrangement, where the name of the institution or the title of the book is continued as a running title throughout the work, we find the other extreme in Mrs. Fernald’s list of Coccidz, where running titles are omitted altogether. Smith’s Insects of New Jersey would be far more convenient for ready reference if the right-hand page gave as a running title the name of the order, if not the family, treated on that page. It is probably unnecessary that such a title be printed on both pages, and the ideal arrangement seems to be that found in the following works : Wil- liston’s North American Diptera ; Saussure’s American wasps ; Cresson’s North American Hymenoptera; Hagen’s North American Neuroptera, and Leconte and Horn’s Classification of North American Coleoptera. 336 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 In the following works the running titles are abbreviated forms of the names of the works, or at least give no more specific idea of the contents of the pages under them : Dyar’s List of Lepidoptera; Smith’s Check List of Lepidoptera; Smith’s Catalogue of Noctuidz ; Smith’s Insects of New Jersey ; Hen- shaw’s List of North American Coleoptera ; Williston’s North American Syrphidze; Aldrich’s North American Diptera; Ashmead’s North American Proctotrypidz ; Blatchley’s Orthoptera of Indiana ; Scudder’s Melanopli; Hancock’s North American Tettigide. I am well aware that this may seem a very unimportant matter to the author of a catalogue or list, and also that in most cases the authors probably have nothing to say about it, but the printing is done according to the rules adopted by the institution or official department issuing the publications. Nevertheless, where one has occasion to look up several hundred references in a day, he finds these little matters of considerable value as guides. Without them he must depend largely upon the in- dex.—W. E. BRITTON, — Entomological Literature. NorTH AMERICAN PHYLLOXERINZ AFFECTING HIcoRIA (CARYA) AND OTHER TREES. By Theodore Pergande. Reprinted from Vol. ix. Proceedings of the Davenport Academy of Sciences. Daven- port, Iowa. A contribution to these little-known insects of 89 pages, 21 plates. All the old species of these plant lice have been studied and twenty new species and varieties made known. An interesting account of the life history of one of the new species, P. perniciosa, is given, and is charac- teristic of the majority of the species inhabiting hickory. It is of great value to have such an excellent treatise on these obscure and little-studied insects. The author says: ‘‘since the species treated of in this paper comprise but a fraction of those inhabiting the United States there remains still a large field for fruitful investigation which may amply occupy the life- time of those selecting it as a specialty.”,—H. SKINNER. THE BUTTERFLIES OF THE WEST COAST OF THE UNITED STATES. Illustrated by 940 figures in Color-Photography of Butterflies from the West Coast, néarly all of which were captured by the Author, with accurate data for each specimen. With Colored Figures and Descriptions of many New Species and New Varieties. Now first Published. By William Greenwood Wright. The Whitaker & Ray Co., San Francisco. Price $4.co. This is a very valuable contribution of 257 pages and 32 plates, with nearly 1000 figures, and the author is to be congratulated on getting out Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 337 such a valuable work, which represents his labors in this field for twenty- five years. The book is published in good style, the typography being excellent, and the half-tone work equal to any we have seen. This is somewhat marred by the faulty technic in setting the specimens and in many cases the specimens were in very poor condition. The first 30 pages are devoted to the general features of butterfly life, including rearing, collecting and preserving. The names of the authors of species and the generic names are omitted in the body of the book, and all specific names are capitalized. A valuable feature is the list of butterflies of the United States with the names of the coast species in black-faced type. There is also a list of new species and varieties published in this book and a list of some old species, generally unknown, herewith illustrated or described. Then follows the descriptive part of the work. The author has wasted some space in figuring trifling varieties, considered by most writers as synonyms. This sort of thing is shown in pl. 1, figs. 2 and 2b, 4and 4b, 5and 5b. The differences described in the text are not borne out by the figures, and any good collection of smintheus would show variations of far greater extent and more worthy of names. Figs. 4 and 5 are about as near alike as individuals get to be. This sort of thing re- duces natural history to an absurdity. P. magnus, pl. 2, fig. 13, hardly warrants a varietal name. Farnassius eversmanni has been taken in some numbers in recent years in Alaska, and is so recorded in the liter- | _ ature. Pieris ochsenheimeri is a distinct species and is well figured in Romanoff’s great work. Itis nota form of rape. Figs. 112, a, 6, pl. XII, are not carpenterii but bremnerii. Carpenterii is a form of cybele. Figs. 119, a, 6, are not dbremnerii but rhodope. Some of the localities given are very vague and indefinite. This should not be, as the author was the collector. Central California is a pretty big place and so is Southern Arizona. The new species Meiitza eremita and M. hermosa are given these indefinite localities. We see no advantage in describing such things as pl. 20, fig. 181. Mr. Wright has described in Me/itga a number of aberrations which are common in the genus, but as they are figured, perhaps there isno harm done! PI. 25, fig. 2776 is not Cenonympha kodiak, but is the common cadifornica. Figs. 282, a, 6 are not brenda but are ampelos. Fig. 283 is not pamphilius. The figures on plate 26 of the Chionobas nevadensis group show the. absurdity of making species out of them. They occur in many places in their ranges of territory and are not confined to the restricted areas given by Mr. W. H. Edwards. Lemonias zela 3 and cleis 2 are one and the same species. Pl. 27, fig. 322, 6, cis not Thecla spinetorum. PI. 28, fig. 347, 6 is Chrysophanus hermes Edw. and San Diego is the type locality. Figs. 352 and 353 on pl. 28 are the same species. Lyc@na monica Reak. is a synonym of czejus and came from the East Indies... The same may be said for ¢ejua which is a synonym of strabo Fab, (see Streck. Rhop. et Het. Suppl., 3). Figs. 400 and 4or probably represent one species. 4086, cis not Pholisora lena but the common Thymelicus garita. 426 is 338 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 not P. columbia. 430 and 6 are both males. 431 and 6 and 432 and 6 arealsomales. Agricola and nemorum are badly mixed. Fig. 437 is not Pamphila brettus 3 but is P. phyleus %. The female is dbrettus. 438 and 6 are Pamphila phyleus J and Q. Figs. 464 and 468 appear to be Juneralis 9. 469 is not ¢ristis but juvenalis %. 480 looks like icelus. With the west coast butterflies figured the entire territory of the United States is fairly well covered, and our knowledge of North American but- terflies will make rapid progress. Progress is, however, not advanced by describing aberrations, geographical races, mutations, varieties, etc., unless they are accurately figured as they are in this book. We were delighted to see Mr. Wright’s work, and our purpose in speaking of errors is to place the things correctly for the future. —H. SKINNER. This, the first book to be published west of the Mississippi on butter- flies, will mark an important epoch in the study of the butterflies of Cali- fornia, which will be commented on again, in a short sketch of the devel- opment of Californian entomology, which has been prepared by the writer. Mr. Wright is, at present, the oldest living collector and student of Californian entomology, and this book represents, practically, his life- work, The dedication to W. H. Edwards is very fitting, as marking the life- long friendship and mutual help. The photo of the author, as the frontispiece, is a pleasant addition. Originality of writing and of work and thought and to some extent the idiosyncrasies of the author are exhibited from the preface to the last page, which will be no doubt evident to the reader. The spirit in which the book was written, to preserve what is known of the Californian butterflies and the life-work of the author, is to be com- mended. It only makes one more than lament the fact that Dr. Behr did not do the same thing. To proceed to the main body of the work; most of the species are illustrated in the beautiful plates, and hardly need any, further delinea- tion, so the author takes advantage of this, and except in the cases of new species, the descriptions are brief or eliminated, and in their places interesting notes on habits, occurrence, etc., are given. Now having shown the general excellence of the work, and the place it will take in future work, as a classic really, and the marking of a new epoch, we will proceed to point out the few errors which occur to us. The comments on subspecies, varieties and aberrations are to the point, but the definition of a subspecies—as a geographical variation—is not brought out strongly. The capitalization of specific names is against the rules laid down by the A. O. U. Committee on Nomenclature, but there i is not any very seri- ous harm done here by so doing. In the part treating of the general biology of butterflies, of which forty- Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 339 five brief sections are given, the short and interesting diversions are instructive and pleasing, and are what might be termed vrafimesque ; where they discuss the subject theoretically they seem curiously unin- formed, but where they reveal the personal observations of the author, they contain genuinely valuable material. Twenty-nine new species and varieties are described, and fifteen others previously described, but which have been little known or ignored by previous writers, and here put on a firm basis. Del Sud for a specific name was an unfortunate piece of work ; the two words should be connected by a hyphen, and with a small s, or the two made absolutely into one word, which would be much better. Lycena icariodes and dedalus have certainly had more than their share of trouble at the hands of systematists, but their troubles are not over yet, as Mr. Wright has named both wrongly ; the discussion will not be taken up here, as the writer is working on a revision of the group, which he hopes will straighten things out. Lycena maricopa probably refers to one of the preceding species. Lycena antiacis is wrongly identified, the one Mr. Wright has under this name being polyphemus Bd. Antiacis is only found on the sand hills near San Francisco, and is entirely distinct. It is neither figured nor de- scribed in this book, but is closely allied to the one figured as mertz/a, which is probably the same. The mistake is continued in the description of behrit. Lycena melimona described as new, is the same as Lycena emigdionis described in Ent. News for last May ; the latter has priority. Pamphila chiaspa described as new isthe same as Pamphila tecumseh, described from the high Sierras, in ENT. NEws, January, 1903; the last name has priority. Pamphila errans probably never was taken in Yosemite; its record from there is a curious error which has crept in.* The species is an in- habitant of the sea-shore from Santa Barbara to San Diego, a few feet from the water. The larve feed on grasses. The occurrence of Megathymus neumoegenii in Southern California is certainly a very interesting fact. Nisoniades lacustra is the same thing as Nisoniades callidus described in Ent. News for April, 1904; the last name has priority. The figures of Thecla spadix are very poor, or do not represent the species at all. It is difficult to tell what species is intended to be repre- sented here. Lycena pheres is not named correctly ; I am not positive yet what spe- _ cies is intended to be figured here. The forms figured as 6 and c under Lycena shasta are Lycena meli- mona (emigdionis), forms of it probably. There must bea curious po- lymorphism here. Heretvufore, eastern men have discussed the position and natural his- * Type collected by Dr. Dyar.—H. SKINNER. 340 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 tory of our Californian butterflies, when, in fact, they positively have not had the least correct idea of things. In order to understand the nature of anything in California, a residence right here, in order to become thoroughly acquainted with things and the surroundings, is imperative. And I consider it a very fortunate thing for entomology that Mr. Wright has written this book, which in a measure is bound to open the eyes of eastern men and teach them how to look at things Californian. This book will start a new epoch in which a new vigor will grow up, and not waver until the whole of California has been gone over carefully, the complete distribution of the butterflies worked out, and the complete life history of every-single species described in detail and represented in drawings.—ForDYCE GRINNELL, JR. mille Doings of Societies. At the meeting of the Feldman Collecting Social of Phila- delphia, held October 18, 1905, nine members were present. Mr. Beutenmuller and Mr. Kaber visitors. Mr. Beutenmiller spoke of his work on the Cecidomyide, and stated that he has raised many new species of gall-flies this year. ‘The same speaker told about his experiments with — the chrysalids of Vanessa antiopa and Grapta interrogationis, which he had placed in a refrigerator, the former producing specimens like those from Alaska, and on the latter the mark- ings on the under side of both wings were very much intensi- fied. Mr. Beutenmiller also reported the capture of Aypomo- lyx pinet?, taken on the summit of the Black Mountains on balsam (A dies fraziert). Dr. Skinner spoke of the distribution of Vanessa antiopa and stated that the Pacific coast specimens are closely allied to the European form, and that they can only be distinguished from them by the band which is less irrorate in the European speci- mens. Dr. Skinner also spoke of chrysalids of antiopa which were sent to England by Dr. Fletcher, the same all emerging as the variety 2énerz. Mr. Haimbach exhibited some rare or at least little known Tortricids, among them being Olethreutes hemidesma taken near Perkasie, Pa., on June 18, 1905, Aucosma adamantana, Lucaston, N. J., 7hiodia offectalis taken near Perkasie, Pa., June 18, 1905, Gymnandiosana punctidiscanum taken at Phila- e ~ ey a = Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 341 delphia, May 29th to June 11th, and two undescribed species, one from this city and the other from Anglesea, N. J. Mr. Huntington reported capture of Dipalta serpentina taken at Lehigh Gap, July 14th. Mr. Harbeck reported four species of Chrysops new to New Jersey list, curvsim and mitis taken at Jamesburg on July 4th, sequax taken at Clementon and Ashland, and drim/deyz taken at Clementon, May 30th, also Zasanus astutus Jamesburg, July 4th, which is the second specimen taken in New Jersey. Dr. Skinner spoke of collecting insects after a hail storm and thought the collecting for Coleoptera on the ground might be good at such times. FRANK HAIMBACH, Secretary. A meeting of the American Entomological Society was held October 26th, Dr. P. P. Calvert, president, in the chair. Thirteen persons present. Mr. E. Daecke said the normal eye maculation of Chrysops, consists of a band, the occipital border, then an arrow-head mark with a linear shaft, and three variable spots in front. The modification of the normal in different species was illus- trated by sketches and the useful characters indicated. The eyes of the sexes were found invariably different in the species studied. Mr. Matthews exhibited some rare and beautiful beetles from Japan and Brazil, in Riker mounts. Mr. Rehn said he was working on the South Aniercani Tryx- aline genus Orphuella. He had one hundrd and fifty speci- mens for study, but failed to recognize more than one, or at best two, species from this material. Dr. Skinner exhibited some new and rare beetles from Arizona. Mr. Matthews reported finding many Zenodera sinensis on thorn (Cratzegus) which they appeared to select. Dr. Cal- vert exhibited the Simplex net, which occupies a small space and is reasonable in price. It is made at Lake Forest, Illinois. Mr. Haimbach reported experimenting with the rapid drying of lepidoptera on the setting boards by placing them in an 342 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 oven. One lot came out in fine condition and another one incinerated ; he had forgotten them. The value of the method in killing possible parasites was mentioned. Mr. Daecke re- ported having taken the following species of Chrysops in New Jersey during the last summer: celer, fugax, amazon (n. sp. allied to callidus), niger, brimleyt, nigribimbo, plangens, callidus, montanus, delicatulus, pudicus, cursim, flavidus, indus, vittatus, untvittatus, brunneus, obsoletus, machus, fallax, bistellatus, stri- atus, Sequax, morosus. ‘These are new records. HENRY SKINNER, Secretary. Minutes of meetings of Brooklyn Entomological Society held at the residence of Mr. George Frank, 1040 Dekalb Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y., February 2, 1905. Nine persons present. Mr. Charles W. Leng acted as chairman pro tem, in the absence of the regular officer. Mr. Leng exhibited a series of specimens of the species of Cicindelide taken within one hundred miles of New York City and gave brief details of the life history of each including locality and date of capture. C. unipunctata had been taken in July, along the mountain drive at Plalnfield, N. J., whereit was secreted in holes at the side of the road, the head generally alone being visible. When alarmed it quickly retreated out of sight. C. rufiventris occurred in July at East Plains, ten miles inland from Barnegat, and C. abdominalis in July and August in the Pine Barrens. | Mr. Frank presented his paper upon the genus A7gynnis with reference to the species mouticola var. (a) purpurascens, halcy- one and rhodope with specimens illustrating the same arranged in series, exhibiting gradations ranging from the extreme light form of halcyone to monticola and its variation purpur- ascens and thence shading to the dark form distinguished as rhodope. March 2, 1905. Sixteen persons present, the president in the chair. Mr. R. F. Pearsall read a paper upon the ‘‘ Geometrid Genus Venusia and Included Species,’’ accompanied by a series of specimens embracing Venusia cambrica and comptaria taken Dec., ’05] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 343 in July in the Catskill Mountains, V. duodecimlineata taken in May at Las Plumas County, California, and /Aucheca salienta (n. sp.) Pearsall, taken in April in this locality and ad- joining States. His investigations of the antennse of duodecimli- neata showed them to be unipectinate, while those of cambrica were bipecinate. He had therefore placed the former in a new genus to be designated as Momenia. The death of Dr. Alpheus S. Packard having been an- nounced, after full expression by those present of the great value and scope of his scientific work, resolutions of regret and condolence were duly adopted. April 6, 1905. Seventeen persons present, the president in the chair. Mr. Alois Van Pellenburg, of Brooklyn, was duly elected a member. Mr. Zabriskie exhibited some sample trays of his own device containing phials for the arrangement, handling, preservation and easy examination of minute specimens in liquids, with detailed explanations of the methods employed by him in the construction and joining of the several parts. The phials con- tained a mixture of equal portions of Price’s English glycerine and water with one drop of carbolic acid to an ounce of the liquid. The soft parts of specimens immersed in this solution, after fourteen years were still sufficiently pliable to admit of ready dissection. The trays could be conveniently handled, held in any position without displacing the phials, the contents of which could be plainly seen and each phial removed without disturbing the others. Prof. Smith gave some details connected with his work in perfecting an entomological dictionary under the title of ‘‘ Chips from the Glossary,’’ showing the difficulties in nomen- clature that had to be overcome, particularly as to the disa- greement among various authors in the application of terms and the multiplication of technical expressions, and exhibited a number of drawings showing structural parts to be employed as an aid to the definitions given in the text. May 4, 1905. ‘Thirteen persons present, the president in the chair. The resignation of Mr. Pearsall as librarian was read and accepted with regret and also with thanks for his effi- 344 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Dec., ’05 cient services for some years past, and Mr. Ernest Shoemaker was elected librarian in his stead. © Mr. William T. Davis related some interesting facts concern- ing his observations upon the diurnal flight and emergence from ponds of various species of water beetles, particularly the larva of a large dytiscid which, forsaking its native element, disported itself on a bright sunny day over a mat of moist leaves. Mr. Pearsall stated that he had captured a number of Cychrus viduus under the rough bark of maples in the Catskill Moun- tains. June 1, 1905. Seven members present, the president in the chair. The Secretary reported the capture on May roth, at sugar, of a specimen of Cazocala nubilis and that he had in past years taken other specimens of this moth at about the same date, as well as C. elonympha, and subsequently obtained fresh speci- mens of these same species in July and August, which would seem conclusive proof that they were double-brooded. The Secretary further related a ‘number of his recent experiences in hiving bees, among them, that of an exceedingly large swarm which collected about ten o’clock in a very inaccessible posi- tion some twenty feet from the ground on one of the small apical branches of a pear tree. Having but a few minutes in which to take a train, he hastily ascended the tree by a ladder, shook the entire swarm, so far as he could discover, into a large water beetle net and transferred it to a hive which was duly placed. When he returned, late in the afternoon, some eight hours afterward he found the swarm again in position on the tree, prepared to pass the night, the queen probably not having been secured, but having delayed flight until the re-as- sembling of the entire swarm could be effected, which enclosure within the hive had delayed until too late to secure a new habi- tation. As soon as the sun disappeared the branch was sawn off, carried down the ladder, with much effort on account of the great weight, but without dislodging a single bee, and the swarm successfully deposited in the hive. ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, Secretary. See QL Entomological news PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY STORAGE eres phates 2 tpt es =F. tele te sete ba nacete Rete Tht Lelad Fiese: oe es a <>. Dealt netstat: Sr aes +