Historic, archived document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. ; a E ‘Uz Sor ART MENT OF AGRICULTURE. DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY. BULLETIN No. 16. Whe! cs Da a ENTOMOLOGICAL WRITINGS Dr. ALPHEUS SPRING PACKARD. SAMUEL HENSHAW. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1887. ) : = eS 3 >. So ire. = co ‘ ~ « LETTER OF SUBMITTAL, U. S, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, DIVISION OF ENTOMOLOGY, Washington, D. C., July 5, 1887. Sir: I have the honor to submit for publication Bulletin No. 16 of this Division, being a list of the entomological writings of Dr. A. S. Packard, with systematic and general index, prepared by Mr. Samuel Henshaw. Dr. Packard has been so long and favorably known as a writer upon insects both in their structural, biologic, and economie rela- tions, and has been for so many years connected with Government ento- mological work, that this Bulletin will be welcomed by all interested in the subject and of great aid in the divisional work. Respectfully, C. V. RILEY, Entomologist. Hon. NORMAN J. COLMAN, Commissioner of Agriculture. THE ENTOMOLOGICAL WRITINGS OF ALPHEUS SPRING PACKARD. By SAMUEL HENSHAW. Alpheus Spring Packard was born in Brunswick, Me., February 19, 1839. His father was Alpheus Spring Packard, D. D., for over sixty years a professor in Bowdoin College. His mother was Frances H. Appleton, daughter of Rev. Jesse Appleton, president of Bowdoin College. After graduating from Bowdoin College in 1861, he spent three years at the Cambridge Museum of Comparative Zoology as a student of Prof. L. Agassiz. For a part of one year (1863~64) he was the private assistant of Professor Agassiz. Two summers (those of 1860 and 1864) were passed upon the coast of Labrador, where collections of marine invertebrates, insects, and quat- ernary fossils were accumulated for future investigations. In 186162 he was assistant to the Maine Geological Survey. In 1864 he took the degree of Doctor of Medicine at the Maine Medical School. In Sep- tember of the same year Dr. Packard was commissioned assistant surgeon First Maine Veteran Volunteer Infantry, and served in the Sixth Corps until mustered out with the regiment in July, 1865. In 186566 he was acting custodian and librarian of the Boston Society of Natural History. Dr. Packard spent eleven years (1867-’78) in Salem. Appointed in 1867 one of the curators of the Peabody Acad- emy, he was for about two years (1877-78) the director of its museum. At Salem he established a summer school of biology, and in March, 1868, the first number of the American Naturalist was issued. Dr. Packard was one of the originators of this magazine, and for twenty years its editor-in-chief. In 1867 he married Elizabeth Derby, daughter of Samuel B. Walcott of Salem, and has had four children, of whom a son and two daughters are living. As lecturer or instructor Dr. Packard has been connected with the Anderson School of Natural History, Bowdoin College, and the Maine and Massachusetts State Agricultural Colleges; as assistant he has been attached to the Kentucky Geological Survey, to Hayden’s United States Geological Survey of the Territories, and to the United States Fish Commission. When in search of material for his studies 5 6 ~ Dr. Packard has visited many parts of the United States and Mexico, and has dredged upon the coast of Labrador, in the Gulf of Maine, in Massachusetts and Buzzards Bays, off Beaufort, N. C., and upon the coast of Florida. In 187173 he served as State entomologist of Massachusetts, and from 187782 was a member of the United States Entomological Com- mission. In 1878 he accepted the professorship of Zoology and Geology in Brown University, and still retains the position. . Dr. Packard was elected a member of the National Academy in 1872 and honorary member of the Entomological Society of London in 1884, and at home and abroad a number of societies have elected him to mem- bership. The entomological writings of Dr. A.S. Packard, recorded in Part I of the present list, form but a portion of his contributions to science. His memoirs in other branches in range cover the field of zoology, with occasional papers in allied sciences, and bear testimony alike to his versatility and the energy of his mind. As a rule only the original place of publication is recorded, though a few reprints and reviews are included, as _of possible value in case the original is inaccessible. Dr. Packard’s contributions to the natural history of Limulus are included in the present bibliography, because much of the discussion concerning the anatomy, genealogy, &e., of this animal bears directly upon the Arachnida.and other Arthropoda. Part II contains a systematic list of the new names proposed by Dr. Packard, and I have endeavored to note the collection containing the type, but in many cases have been unable to do so. A number of the types noted as present in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology are, however, in a very poor state of preservation, so that a word of explanation should be added. The bulk of Dr. Packard’s types were accumulated during his connec- tion with, and formed part of the collection of, the Peabody Academy of Science at Salem. From the year 1880 the Academy was without the services of an entomological assistant, so that the collections, ‘*in spite of what care . could be given them, were rapidly going to ruin,” when, fortunately, in 1885, their valuable collections of insects were deposited without condi- tions inthe museum at Cambridge, where their preservation is assured. Dr. Packard has aided me throughout the preparation of the list, and I am indebted to Messrs. Edwards, Fernald, Hulst, Riley, and Smith for assistance in determining the value and position of many of the Lepidoptera. Mr. Howard has rendered a similar service with some of the parasitic Zymenoptera. eee ea Part I. CHRONOLOGICAL CATALOGUE. 1. 1861. PacKARD, ALPHEUS S. Entomological report on the Army-worm and Grain Aphis. <6th Ann. Rept. Me. Bd. Agric., 1861, pp. 130-145. 2. 1361. PaAcKARD, ALPHEUS S. Report on the Insects collected on the Penobscot and Alleguash Rivers during August and September, 1861. <6th Ann. Rept. Me. Ba. Agric., 1861, pp. 373-376. 3. 1862. PacKaRD, ALPHEUS 8S. How to observe and collect Insects. <2d Ann. Rept. Nat. Hist. and Geol. Me., 1862, pp. 143-219, figs. Separate: Augusta, 1863, pp. 79, figs. 4, 1863. PACKARD, ALPHEUS S. On synthetic types in Insects. < Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., 1863, v. 7, pp. 590-603, figs. 5. 1864. PackarD, ALpHEUS S. [Note on Stylops childreni.] \ a 36. ? Ti 1868. PacKaRD, ALPHEUS S. On the development of a Dragon-fly, Diplar. 72, pp. 92-94. 114. 1872. PACKARD, ALPHEUSS. Recordof American Entomology for the year 1871. <4th Ann. Rept. Trustees Peab. Acad. Sci., 1872, pp. 99-147. 115. 1872. PACKARD, ALPHEUS S. The Mammoth Cave and its inhabitants. < Salem, 1872, pp. 62, figs. (Dr. Packard contributes Chapter II, on the Crustacea and Insecta. Same as No. 91, with short additional note.) 116. 1873. PACKARD, ALPHEUS S. When is sex determined? < Amer. Nat., 1873, v. 7, pp. 175-177. de Be 1873. PACKARD, ALPHEUS S. On the distribution of Californian Moths. Loo. SPINCUT OPEN cineca concieia nts « pp. 782-783. . Silk-worm, 1878 ...v.4, pp. 1662-1664. BD Om oo wo 176. 1876, PACKARD, ALPHEUS S. A monograph of the Geometrid Moths or Phalenide of the United States. < Rept. U.S. Geol. Surv., Washington, 1876, pp. 4607, pl. 1-13, figs. 177. 1876. PACKARD, ALPHEUS 8. Life histories of animals, including man, or outlines of comparative embryology. < New York, 1876, pp. 243, pi., figs. 178. 1877. PACKARD, ALPHEUS S. The migrations of the destructive Locust of the West. Bb D tn nnn w nn ANNAN DM INDEX. Abdominal anbenne. .- soo. coe e ween 73 APPCNAACES .--..05---ccccue soe 83 segments in lepidopterous lar- VSAM MUM DEL OF a. in5 jennie oe 294. Sense organs ..................- 75 PRA CIONS WlaMValon emcee clcice «cme mcleecjen clea a's 149 Adirondacks, decay of spruce in ......-.--. 260 Alleguash River, insects collected on ...... 2 Anabrus. (See Western cricket.) Amnecestry of Insects=:.5..-055-.2.520..2. 82, 99, 138 MGS Aces Seton sia c= Seles es 81 Anopthalmus, larva........................ 149 Peni Cenncos VOC OMIA 22S 5 sw cians ecleneewcies 73 AU) NTS) GAR ooo aca deb posecOno OSS AEeCoeCsnee 1 ANTI DING) 029, 652550 cos dc deseo DOB SE EEC UE EAT aEee 38 Appendages, abdominal.................... 93 homologous, with legs........ 190 PARI SECUS eecmionjasee == oe ccs e adece cee we 16, 39 Aquatic pyralid larva....-....-....-...---- 277 Arachnid, is Limulus an .........--..--... 234, 235 Arachnida, coxal slands ..............---.. 249 DSSS) 2 Fis Seca Oe ee 287 TENT GEN ogscnssonS5o00egS0EO500 268 Araneina of Kentucky caves............... 160 Archipolypoda, position .-........---.--.-. 243 Arctia caja, number of larval moults.....-. 1(8 PENNY AW OU nce stole a aat = = a'a ain says So eeje'a\e ee 1, 334 Arthropods, aspect of body ........--.----. 279 nomenclature of external EIS s os cob poopacbagoDoaeEede 239 Smee aaaoe shew oe ae wdc 320, 325 Arrangement of the orders of insects. ...... 317 Articulates (Peab. Acad. Sci.) Reports. .62, 101, 126, 153 Yersin on nervous system of.. 221 JSTOR 5 0 So er 22, 46 Bees, discovery of the origin of sting of.... 143 LNCSOG) CEE bee tea Sela ea 23 injurious to fruit, are...... Bets is mrayatetatsre 37 IVER ERC. se S i gS OOO RS ee eee ee 290 of New England, Humble............ 8 BIND OF COUSOL jose ae noes eases. ctcene 291 Barthenecenesis Of 55 .0.222-. 2265.20 106 of Honey.......----. 201 tongue, anatomy, and function of..... 281 Beetles of Kentucky caves...... Be ae 168 Bibliography of economic entomology...... 230 Blind forms, anatomy and origin.........-. 324 Body of Arthropods, aspect.-...........-.- 279 IBOMDYVCIGG OWe=~ ssh sc loss Sse eee ce ae 112, 328 synopsis United States........ 6 | Borers of shade trees. -.-...4..--.--0..0c-c. ae IN| Bot-fly maggots in turtle..-................ 237 Brauer’s classification of insects ........... 301 JSTOR ECUEIIS) Bag uo eHpEeSUCeBECssogcdasebeses 84 British Museum, N. Am. Phalenide and AY LACES Ws ae cde arsenite eee eee 129 Butterflies, ichneumon parasites of ........ 231 parasites of White Mountain .. 156 partiality for white flowers of WHIT cece ette eee eateries 180: California Moths, distiibution ............. 117 Phtalenitls fowac oe eee ocisieeeee 96, 124 Pierophorid see eee see 122 Pyralidee sce aac ane aces meine 122 Telea polyphemus in............ 141 Caloptenus spretus in Massachusetts ...... 164 (See Rocky Mountain Locust.) Cambala, notice of genus ...-..........-... 261 Canker WORM er alaate car ee = SescsSsdocecas 198, 336 increasing distribution of -.. 31 egg-laying habit of egg-para- SHS) @) fempnhonoonsoesseocooh 270 Caribou Island, Coleoptera ................ (it; Caripeta angustivorata, transformations... 283 CRSOavWOLIM Sye craters ctieteietoisisie eisieteieeierelera oie ltetetle 57 CaviGy SlACIt Cals ceases so eicieecisnteel=ciiein saan 268 Araneina of Kentucky ..........---. 160: ISGGUIES Jacode GabddoseontosdsHnnosoned 168 HAMM AIO hol Gawler a ales eteleys 130 JURY odeoncodoaob eogdbOahos 222 WEWRTAOUGR, abocoocecsaodonos 91, 115 Newmarket ................ 222 INGO RETAGIR, soa0sdesddaono0Ke 227 INCH AQTNEANCR sooo5qubo6aG 324 WW sas Hdscnddoribonadcadood 187 SPLGCKS ate ateiewicieieiw nl -1= alee ew else'e|wielole nin - 166 Centipede, poisonous ..-..-.........-...... 202 Century’s progress in American Zoology... 171 | Cermatia forceps, brain and eyes .......... 213 @etomiamm tla nc cemecieciettemeereteleereeresaaiate 217 Chilopods, Sogratf on embryology of....... 267 Chironomus, salt-water ........--........-- 34 Chrysopa, embryology ......-..-.-..---.... 88 Chrysopila, abdominal appendages ........ 93 Cigars destroyed by Insects ............... 161 Cinurous Thysanura of Mexico...... erates 311 Classification of Insects, Brauer’s.-........ 301 Neuroptera............ 49, 88, 250 Oxthopterace--ecee eee 250 Clisiocampa, egg-parasite of ...........-..- 329 HOWNCS WON Gassoocecoso cosnObbosobosAodKs 26 Cocoons, method of escape of Silkworm Moths ..... aastapueadooe sa0e peter eierettare 194 45 46 Coleoptera, Caribou Island........-.---.--- 77 Colorado 2---- 5655-6 aso anne 192 Eaprador oo --2 -s-eoh eo enaoes 77, 113 ian ee ee ee 192 Collecting Insects, diregtions for so. a. eaes sy By Colorado Coleoptera.-..-......--..----.-...- 192 Moths, distribution ....--....-.-.- 157 larva of fly in Hot Spring in..... 238 Mey ria neds soon sec aah Eo. oS Potato-beetle ..---..------.-. 198, 334 Gammon asecine- == =~ sees eee eee ean oo 139 Geryilalnn, OlNCU .. 6c 9c e= nossa nennee mann = 28 Cotton Moth in Rhode Island.............. 209 worm investigation. .-........------- 203 Coxal glands of Arachnida............-.-.- 249 Cranberry Insects -.--.....-........--. 196,338 Gricke, ered ot (reo. —-- <-.--- ono heme 216 VWVGR igs 355 Sachs pee een see 221 Cimatn SE Sih eee eo ee eee Se Soe 76, 198 Currant worm...-.............. seroso ates 334 SN aO BbeU AL see ao = ae een ae 265 Diplax, development ..................--. 36, 49, 51 SMDEVOlOP yen eae 94 er ee ee 21 development .....--.-----.-.--- 36, 49, 51 SES) oS sh eeSeS sche Sse esse 24 MeL OPALLS. a= eee eee 144 Drasteriaerechthea,differenceintwobroods. 241 any spr oelHSCCLS oe een San eee eee 16 Economic entomology, bibliography... -.... 230 Edible Mexican Insects..--...--........... 300 Egg-laying habits of egg parasite of Canker- WOH oa shodssenesee 270 Maple-tree borer...... 285 Egg-parasite of Clisiocampa ........-...-.. 329 Embide, systematic position............... 288 Entomological calendars, April -....-...--. 16, 39 AMICUS beeen see ee 22, 46 early spring ...--- 16 Shue eh sass 36 20 JUNC. =---\soee es 18, 43 Maye fen oo 17, 41 September ....... 25 Commission Bulletins ....- 185, 186 Circulars...... 183, 184 7 investigationsof 215 Reports. ..197, 221, 264 records...... 65, 79, 108, 114, 131, 155 Epeira cancer .......-------2.---- 222+ eeeees 66 TIPATI Bee come neem see ene eemeinma 66 Ephydra, salt-water. -....------.----------- 59 Essex County, injurious Insects.-........... 107 hy SaNU TAs eel mie aa ae 127 Europe, Eurypauropus in .............-...- 246 Eurypauropus in Europe ........-....----- 246 Evergreen forests, destruction of. .263, 305, 321, 322 EB INER See ae eee oo os Sonn en ace eens 47 Wes; CHAPLer ON <2 on. << one coe e nm eneneeae 56 metamorphosis of ..-...-..---------- 150 Flight of Insects ..........---.-.----------- 333 Flowers, partiality of white butterflies for cto (2) ale RSE e eee 180 Fly, abdominal sense organs of..........-.. 75 OSS ee ae eee 169, 335, 339 in hot spring in Colorado, larve of..... 238 Fiy, transformations of House ..... Sp - 20152 Food, Grasshoppers a8 ..-.--. -..----------- 147 Forest trees, Insects injurious to. .229, 258, 260, 263, 264, 305, 321, 322, 327 larve injurious to ............ 264 Zosail Sneeets-2 <0. two eee eee ee 40 from Green River ........... 200 Sunderland, Mass...... 92 Fossorial Hymenoptera, N. Am. revision... 12 Fruit, are Bees injurious to..............-.. 37 Fruit culture, value of Honey-bees in...... 331 Gelechia, Hemlock -2) 2-253. 2o2 oe ee 273 | Geometridz. See Phalenide. Grain Aphis °°... .--- 5-2 =e eee 1 Grasshopper, hateful in Massachusetts... 164 New England..-... ~ 146 question” 23.2. stan eeeeee 232 Red-lepred ooo: a epee eee 19 Grassheppers as food. :.- 5 ease eee 147 Green River, fossil Insects from ........... 200 Growth of Insects), =~ = anceps =e neha Guide to the study of Insects...--......--. 64 Gynandromorphism in Lepidoptera --..-... 167 Half hours with Insects: ....-.---.-22.052-- 193 | Hauser on smell of Insects......-...-.-.--- 325 Head of winged Insects, number of segments AT orc ioe tins wen ee pe ee ees 256 Hemlock Gelechia.<.....2 soe s5- eee 273 Hessian fly... - 5.22.0. sees Sao os 188, 219, 264 Hexapoda: -<5.25- ence ee eee 265 Hexapodous Insects, embryology of-.--..-.--. 110 Homeot the Bees. 22-223. 6. cs aoe eee 23 Honey-bee, Moths killed by.--...-.....-.-. 208 Parasites --2 4-244 conee ees 42 parthenogenesis of ......--..... 201 Honey-bees in fruit culture, value of---.-.-. 331 Hormed (Corydalus:-ss.--—- eee 28 Hot spring in Colorado, larvaof Fly from... 2388 HpnSelBY, 32-52-6250 25 eee 169, 335, 339 transformations of..-......-.-.... 152 Humble-bees of New England............. 8 Hymenoptera .-.-....-----------+-++-------- 175 development and position of. 11 {oOSSOrish — <2 =e eee 12 South American (Orton ex- pedition))-—-=.chee- see 63 Ichneumons, parasitic, on North American Butterflies. .... 231 Samia columbia. 10 Indiana, eave fauna of <----~22-s--eeeeee 130 Injurious insects. .78, 100, 107, 111, 182, 196, 198, 229, 258, 260, 263, 264, 305, 321, 322, 327, 337, 338 Essex County.......-.--- 107 forest and shade trees. .229, 258, 260, 263, 264, 305, 321, 322, 327 Massachusetts ....-.- 100, 111, 132 Insects, Alleguash River ............------ 2 ANCHSLLYVLOD =. none = see eee 82, 99, 138 April 2e~- -xosnnneeneepeee eee 16, 39 AUGUSH sn ta0< vctnaweeee Gap eee 22, 46 Brauer’s classification of .......... 301 cigars destroyed by ..-...-...--... 16i CONMON-~-- occas 5 ose 139 Cran berry sewe nc eo etn wena AT Insects, description of new .......-..+-+--- 135 directions for collecting ..-...----- 3, 137 distribution and number of spira- OG Se scopnedobasee bosocoge sanepe 148 RIBS DEIA Ds «.- insane vm telesales ielsina 3 16 Scibiey MeX1Cance -eeeciceecia tes cans 300 embryology of hexapodous ......-. 110 Parent! ge SE ok uke 333 forest-tree . .. 229, 258, 260, 268, 264, 305, 321, 322, 327 POSSUM Seti tae sae nicwtme se 40, 92, 200 genealogy of .------.- BA a ac ei isimere 253 Pon O Wile Olueessarie ee sins eetciselsc aisle e =a 333 guide to the study of .............. 64 OME OURS wal bles <2 cite e's eleiwicine 193 Hamseronyssmell of : 2-22.62. 26-- 325 injurious...78, 100, 107, 111, 132, 196, 198, 229, 258, 260, 263, 264, 305, 321, 322, 327, 337, 338 STUN SO oREE CEES Se ORE Sane ae 20 Twine p See as eee RE ok rome Hint bee 18, 48 Labrador and Mount Washington, Compared 2-4). secs east ses ec. 35, 50 life histories of..........- 165, 177, 280, 282 Mammo phy Cavers scene se so ccs cee: 91, 115 AVI O heesie esate os Seiciclcla nis caverns 337 WHEN ace cet aoe re 17, 41 MPEPHOLOP ys Oles- 2-5 542 oe ee =. 11, 140 Mount Washington and Labrador Comipaned Wee = See se oe secs eee 35, 50 nature’s means of limiting the num- bersofe Shes. 5 ee ee eae 142 new arrangement of orders of ..... 317 number of segments in head of WUD ER Sb = Siete: cae aaa eae a 256 outlines of the study of............ 330 paired sexual outlets in ........... 271 Palmen’s paired sexual outletsin.. 286 PLAS Cees weiss cease eee ee. 67 Bepas. HqUaAd OL wnccnse woot oot aes 102 BNODSCOUR Mame ja- che. weeau tle 2 Eolarisshxpedition® :- 2.00.2 22 208: 179 Duliglakew wenn. 2a. Soaks e. Cs B37/ salt-water ......... 44, 45, 52, 60, 80, 136, 278 HOMNOUUZANGION Ge ae isk SO eee 2s 181 BOUNE SO teense tte eeicietines lacie face een 333 SYOIUUIG (DUC) Oo ee ae ae ne ale a 25 PaMeNtekmMOWiNhe 354s Sao 2 Bocce ese 199 AME e pes eeee ee ESSE SEL. cee 326 AGRNELULS, Ofyee.) 26 Solel Seu. 332 SOU ec oe aCe ee Mea aa 4 BBGMEMeUANIES oS e sol Meek 14 Waneyard | Sound 128 23) jen c- sooo 133 SUDA RID YROE so rrsiela cis eictcia Suis aie > clare ata 189 GHERENWIESE cance seen. eu. 191, 198 Invertebrates, zoology of ...............-.. 207 isotoma, enibryology of ..- 2. suds sence nee 94 Japyx in the United States................. 145 aD RU VAULT Sh te tig a se ie a 1&8 SLUR LISS CS Ra oe nr 20 JOLENE, UCSC Sa a ay ee a 18, 43 Kentucky caves Araneina ................. 160 eetles 2M tess os oak 168 HADI AUGIN SOGSe -2 6282. eo Seok de ccech ee: 290 Labrador Insects compared with Mount Washi ghomiessmne cere: ccs 35, 50 Tepidopteradl se aplcaane = tacineee <2 30 Pyralids) 2tste ens tosee eae 123 Was Date cae aie et. 7e 2 eee 290 Lagoa, unusual number of legs in larva of.. 297 TRAC A WiOUMD 5 niie ets ai