Sey as ae AIRY ARID UINIVISINS FD: LIBRARY OF TILE MUSEUM OF acca ZOOLOGY. 1,005: a gh Pamucang. 8 i ea 10, 169% ] THE ENTOMOLOGISTS MONTHLY MAGAZINE: CONDUCTED BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLER, M.A., F.LS. G. C. CHAMPION, F-.Z:S. R. McLACHLAN, E.RS. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E:S. EK. SAUNDERS, F.LS. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.RS., &e. SECOND SERIES-—-VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIV.] “We ought to attach more importance to observed facts than to theories, and to believe in theories then only when they agree with the facts.” — Aristotle. LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mr. Van Voorst’s Successors), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. 1898. a i ere 5 ” . Hl t ‘hie c_ ts i i j : . LONDON : NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON 4 ’ MDCCCXCVIII. INDEX. PAGE WONTRIBUTORS] weurceccsccssechasseccese seer eoecoues i MMEN DUA TB UND EX | o2is . rr j \ ay eat i Aether | citys ‘ ek , t 4 ; } - Git. + at Nias wenn Fi + Arey ‘ i TA te dhs Bote EN RW Paes tid Ley WAN 1 0 7 ms A aa a EY2; rea ’ Adi nerves Sat vane Pr f “a 7 ‘ ™ f = - 7 5 Ja » = oe 2 ; ; Ru F ui) ‘0 t i yy ¥ fi Seed ata entance pikes ee f ny ; i 4 Tt Ee wh ¥ers dear t CH r Ne ich od ony 4 Sik y C , \ » { i 4 ry ar owst penser \ s AC m\ . ie . Abies “aml \ 5 4G F ‘ Chri . i Zac We ; ‘yas J rs ? ¥ = + re Pies 2 . : Z 92 JUAN 28 18 a ENTOMOLOGISTS MONTHLY MAGAZINE. SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOLUME XXXIV.] ABERRATIONS OF ARGYNNIS PAPHIA AND THECLA QUEROUS. BY KENNETH J. MORTON, F.E.S. Not the least remarkable result of my summer excursion to the south was the capture of an extraordinary aberration of Argynnis Paphia. It is a female, and its peculiarity does not lie in its colours, but in their distribution, which will be best understood as far as the upper-side is concerned, from the accompanying figure. It will be seen there is a decided asymmetry in the markings of the fore-wings ; the light terminal and sub-terminal rows of spots, which are distinct on the left, are reduced to mere traces on the right. In the hind- wings the asymmetry is little marked. The under-side of the fore-wings is shining green at the tip, the extreme apex being paler; otherwise these wings are tawny, with a broad median blackish suffusion. In the hind-wings there is a median green band, the base and a broad terminal band being silvery. The insect was taken in July, in an extensive wood in North- amptonshire. The figure (Pl. I) is reproduced from a photograph made directly from the insect under a very powerful electric light. I also take this opportunity of recording the capture of a female Thecla quercis, in which the purple of the upper-side of the fore- wings is replaced by a beautiful metallic blue. ‘This was taken also in July in the New Forest. 13, Blackford Road, Edinburgh : December 6th, 1897. JANUARY, 1898. 2 ; (January, DESCRIPTIONS OF THE LARVA AND PUPA OF APROHREMA SANGIELLA, Stn. BY EUSTACE R. BANKES, M.A., F.E.S. The larva of Aproerema Sangiella, Stn., has heen already described by Stainton in Ent. Ann., 1867, p. 21, but av his deseription, which is copied by Meyrick in his Handbook, is very brief, a more detailed one, made on May 15th, 1896, from nearly full-fed larve kindly sent me from Co. Durham by Mr. J. Gardner, may be useful. LARVA. Length,7—8 mm. Greatest breadth, 1-7 mm. Head considerably narrower than the prothoracic segment, highly polished, amber-yellow ; mouth parts reddish ; ocelli black, distinct. Prothoracic segment with a highly polished blackish plate divided across the centre by a whitish line. The incisions which precede and follow both the prothoracic and the mesothoracic segments are conspicuously greenish- or yellowish-white. The thoracic and abdo- minal segments viewed together form a short stumpy mass, very stout in the middle, and tapering much and rather suddenly towards both extremities, rather dark reddish-brown, occasionally brownish-red, with a whitish or yellowish-white dorsal line on the thoracic segments. Tubercles and spiracles very small and ineonspicuous, black, polished, emitting pale hairs. Anal plate small, polished, blackish. Ventral surface yellowish red-brown, with some minute black polished tubercles. Legs highly polished, horny, externally black, with the joints pale ringed, internally much paler. Pvrolegs semi-transparent, yellowish-white. The larva lives in a neat habitation formed by drawing together with silk the edges of the topmost outer leaves of a shoot of Lotus corniculatus, and feeds on the tender heart of the shoot, moving readily from one sprig to another. A few of the larve received were still small, but all alike were very similar in colour and markings to those described above. PUPA. The following description was made on May 25th, from pupe which had assumed that state only a few days previously :— Length, 55—6 mm. Greatest breadth, 1:7 mm. Rather short and stout, brownish-orange, with the wing-cases and ventral sur- face of the anterior segments rather paler; the abdominal segments, and, to a less noticeable extent, the other parts are clothed with a short whitish pubescence. Head yvather broad and flattened above, rounded in front. Eyes showing through as black spots. Wang-cases reaching to the end of the fifth abdominal segment, and of almost equal length with the antennal cases which lie between them. The shape of the last three segments when viewed together reminds one of that of the sharpened end of a common pencil, the seventh abdominal segment 1898.] 3 narrowing abruptly like the cut wood, while the following ones are relatively very narrow, and resemble the lead; the pointed anal extremity is armed with some orange coloured or whitish hooked bristles. The colour of the whole pupa soon darkens to orange-brown, and then gradually to black before the escape of the imago. The fifth and sixth abdominal segments were the only “free” ones in the several pup examined, so most probably this is the case in both sexes. The pupa is enclosed in a small and closely-spun white silk cocoon, well concealed between the united leaves of the shoot of the food-plant. The moths emerged from June 7th to 14th. It has been suggested to me before now that Aproerema Sangiella, Stn., is specifically identical with A. coronillella, Tr., but the idea is quite untenable. Whereas the larva of the former, which feeds on Lotus corniculatus, is, at any rate from an early stage and presumably throughout, dark reddish-brown or brownish-red, that of the latter, which feeds on Coronilla varia, and has also been recorded as found on C. minima, Vicia, Genista tinctoria, Ononis spinosa, Lathyrus pra- tensis, Astragalus glycyphyllos, A. beticus, and Aster amellus, but not on Lotus corniculatus, is, when feeding up, “ greenish, spotted with reddish, indistinctly towards the head, but more distinctly posteriorly,” and when full-fed is no longer green, but “ pale amber, with the red spots more distinct,” as described by Stainton in Nat. Hist. Tin., vol. x, where the imago, larva, and mode of feeding are also figured. The distinctions between the imagines are much less obvious, but Stainton points out that A. Sangiella has the fore-wings longer, narrower, and more pointed, the costal spot more oblique, and the dorsal spot less distinct, than coronillella,and has also when in fine condition a decided bluish gloss, which is wanting in the latter. Meyrick lays stress also on the difference in the colour of the pale spots, which are pale ochreous in coronillella, but ochreous-whitish in its ally. As regards the shape, direction, and distinctness of these spots, it must be added that they vary immensely in Sangiella. The distribution of both species seems in Britain to be strangely limited, for whereas coronzl- lella is only known to have occurred at Mickleham, in Surrey, where Stainton suggests that the larva probably feeds on Onobrychis sativa, Sangiella has, I believe, never yet been met with outside the county of Durham. The Rectory, Corfe Castle : November 16th, 1897. 4 (January, LOCAL VARIATION IN LEPIDOPTERA FROM THE ORKNEYS.— BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. A box of insects, forwarded for examination by Mr. E. M. Chees- man, of Stromness, all captured in the Orkneys, presents some points of interest. Nemeophila plantaginis, L.—The beautiful white variety, hospita, is represented, and, as usual, its complement in a form of the female with brilliant red hind-wimgs. In other specimens there is a tendency to breaking up of the markings: the large eross in the hinder portion of the fore-wings being often separated from the longi- tudinal stripe, or having two or even three of its arms obliterated ; or the stripe is broken by the black ground-colour. Agrotis saucia, Hiib. —One specimen, very pale in colour, but worn, apparently new to these Isles, though it has been taken in Shetland. Noctua glareosa, Esp.—A slate-grey form, not quite so dark as is found in the Shetlands, but having the transverse lines and margins of the stigmata conspicuously pale, and the black interspaces strongly marked—very pretty. NV. festiva, Hiib., var. borealis, Tengs.— Rather narrow and pointed-winged specimens, as found in the Shetlands, and some of them of a very rich purple-brown. The form erroneously called conflua, Tr. Caradrina cubicularis, Schiff.—One specimen having the fore-wings so dark that the usual submarginal stripe and costal spots are quite obscured. Hypsipetes elutata, Schiff.—Some of the usual full size, but varying to uniform green-black ; others of the small mountain variety varying to rusty-brown and rusty- black, with green clouding. Melanippe montanata, Schiff.—Along with ordinary typical specimens is a very pretty variety, not of the character of those from the Shetlands, but having the fore-wings rather narrow and pointed, the general surface very softly shaded with soft, warm, fawu-colour, and the central band of a deeper tint of the same. M. fluctuata, L.—Fluctuating as usual. Some having the ground-eolour nearly as white as in the south, but with the central band and rippled markings very black ; others with grey ground completely covered with rippled markings in dark grey, and with the central band but little darker: or grey with very little rippling. Coremia munitata, Hiib.—One form has an exceedingly rich, deep, purple-red central band, margined with black ; another, with the black margins very sharp and distinct, has the middle portion of the band extremely pale purplish-pink or whitish- pink, giving it an extraordinary resemblance to the paler varieties of C. propugnata, Schiff. Cheimatobia brumata, L.—The nervures of the fore-wings much dotted or streaked with dark olive-brown, giving it a blacker appearance. Cidaria russata, Schiff.—With ordinary forms is one having the general surface of a tawny-yellow, the central band being pale tawny-brown. Crambus tristellus, Schiff.—One specimen of a soft, bright, yellow-brown, with the pale streak rather obscure, has two distinctly visible, angulated, transverse lines. 1898.] CU There are slight variations in other species, but hardly such as can be put definitely into words. 39, Linden Grove, Nunliead : December, 1897. COSSUS LIGNIPERDA: CHANGE OF HABIT OF LARVA WHEN ICHNEUMONED. BY T. A. CHAPMAN, M.D., F.E.S. Any change of habit of a larva made not in its own interest, but in that of a parasite with which it is infested, is worthy of note. Il do not know whether this instance in the case of Cossus has been noted before or not. According to my observations of Cossus, it leaves its burrows when full-fed, makes a hibernating cocoon, and in spring either in this or in a fresh place makes a pupating cocoon. It does not, however, make a cocoon at any earlier period, or in its burrows. Meniscus setosus is a large ichneumon, well known as a parasite of Cossus. I met with its cocoons this year under circumstances shewing that it quitted its host when the latter was rather more than half full-size. A size that I have been used to regard as one year short of full fed, and which Buckler fiyures as in its second year. In a Cossus-infested tree at Sterzing (Tyrol), I found several cocoons, evidently made by Cossws larve at this stage, as their remains testified, and occupied also by a cocoon of the ichneumon, which had emerged from the destroyed larva after it had spun up. The Cossws cocoon was not a very strong structure, still strong and definite enough, and was made under bark loosened by the Cossus, and in fact in the Cossus burrows, though superficially. The presence of the parasite had, therefore, induced the Cossus to make a cocoon in its burrow, though superficially, again evidently in the interest of the parasite, and to do so when only half fed. The variation from natural habit may perhaps be regarded as due to a premature and weak maturity. The larva acts as if full- grown, desires to spin up, and even attempts to leave the burrow, but only succeeds in reaching a superficial portion of it. I owe the verification of the name of the ichneumon to Mr. Bignell. Redhill: December, 1897. 6 (January, INOWIIS OW AIP ICID IS. BY G. C. BIGNELL, F.E.S. CALLIPTERUS QUERCUS, Kalt.—One of my young oaks growing in a flower pot this autumn was much infested with Callipterus quercis. On October 21st, when looking at them I saw a winged male, and on reference to the figure in Buckton’s Monograph, I observed that it did not agree in colour with that species; I consider this, however, to be only a variety, as it was in company with the yellow viviparous females of this species, a description of it may be of service at some future time. Head wider than the thorax, both very broad. Antenne, base greenish-black, the remainder fuscous ; apex of the second and third joints much darker. Hyes red. Abdomen with seven black dashes on the dorsal region, and five black spots on the sub-dorsal, forming a line with the nectars, which are short, black, and trumpet- shaped. Wings, veins fuscous, and slightly clouded at their apices. Stigma light fuscous, with base, outer and inner margins, and apex much darker, thereby giving a well defined and conspicuous border to the stigma. Expanse of wing, 64 mm., or four times the length of the body. Scui1zonEuRA vaeans, Koch.—This white form* does not appear to have been previously recorded as occurring in England. I captured a dozen winged specimens on October 4th, in Cannwood. I met with it again on the wing on October 11th, nearly a mile distant from the first locality ; it is a very conspicuous black insect, with the first two segments of the abdomen white, and the basal margins of the last three also white ; these I captured when they settled on the leaves to bask in the sunshine. PROCIPHILUS BUMELIA, Schr.—I observed what I am almost certain was this species; I saw many examples, but as I had not my net, I only managed to capture one, this one was driven on to my coat in my endeavour to capture it with my hat; I placed it in a glass tube, but much moisture condensed, and it got spoilt by the end of my walk. T had a good look at it directly after its capture, and on my arrival home I hunted through Koch’s Monograph of the Aphides, and therein found a good figure of it. This insect when on the wing looks very like a small white feather floating along; I tried many times to capture it with my hat, but the current of air carried forward with my hat also carried the insect with it. Stonehouse, Piymouth : November 9th, 1897. * In G. B. Buckton’s Monograph of the British Aphides, vol. iii, p. 107, this name is placed as a synonym of Schizoneura corni, which is described as ‘‘ velvety-black, with the first three ab- dominal and also the apical rings ferruginous.” 1898.] 7 CEPHENOMYIA AURIBARBIS, Ma.: LARVA, &c. BY THE REV. E. N. BLOOMFIELD, M.A., F.E.S. Some weeks ago I received from Mr. J. Mearns, of Aberdeen, some larve taken from “the heads” of Red Deer, which had been sent to Mr. G. Sim, of Aberdeen, to be mounted. These larve I sent to Mr. E. E. Austen, of the British Museum. He informs me that they are the larve of Cephenomyia sp., and probably of C. auribarbis, Mg. On writing to Mr. Mearns for further particulars, he tells me these deer came from Strathdon and other places in Aberdeenshire. In one instance about thirty of these large larve (they are about an inch in length) were found near the root of the tongue of one indi- vidual deer ; they were alive when extracted. As will be seen from Mr. Austen’s paper in the present number, this fly is one of the @strine, of which nine species belonging to five genera are found in Britain; it is parasitic in the larval state in the nasal passages and throat of the Red Deer. It was introduced as British under the name of Cephenomyia rufibarbis, Mg., by Mr. Percy Grimshaw, of the Edinburgh Museum (Annals of Scottish Natural History, 1895, pp. 155-158), from two specimens collected in Ross- shire in 1894. Mr. Grimshaw has since presented a specimen to the British Museum, and there is little doubt that these larve belong to the same species. I am indebted to the paper by Mr. Grimshaw for the following particulars, which may be of interest to British Dipterists. “ Cephe- nomyia may be readily distinguished from Gastrophilus by the inflexion of the fourth longitudinal vein of the wings; from Hypoderma by the prolongation of this vein beyond the origin of the apical transverse vein, by the position of the discal transverse vein, which in Hypoderma joins the fourth longitudinal immediately at its angle, and especially by the absence of the dividing ridge in the concavity of the face. From Cstrus it differs in the apical transverse vein not uniting with the third longitudinal. And from Pharyngomyia in the body being more uniformly coloured, never checkered, but densely clothed with hairs.” A full description of the genus and species and life history will be found in Mr. Grimshaw’s paper. I will only give a few particulars, therefore, taken from his account. Cephenomyia auribarbis, var. rufibarbis, Mg., is a large fly nearly three quarters of an inch in length; head as broad as the thorax; cheeks with a beautiful bright § (January, tawny beard. Antenne very short, dark reddish-brown ; third joint orbicular with a naked dorsal seta. Thorax with five not very distinct naked lines, otherwise densely clothed with hairs which form a tawny transverse band continaous in colour with the hinder part of the head; hinder part of thorax clothed with black hairs. Abdomen rounded in both sexes, densely clothed with hair, which on the foremost segments are dingy yellow, while the apex is white; between these is usually a black bar. Wings with the fourth longitudinal vein bent upwards at a right angle, forming an apical transverse vein, the straight portion slightly prolonged beyond the angle. Halteres dark brown, with white tips. The females are viviparous, and seize the opportunity to deposit their larvee in the nostrils of the Red Deer, which are greatly disturbed at the presence of the flies. The little maggots adhere firmly by means of minute hooks with which they are furnished, and work themselves upwards until they reach the back of the throat, where they remain until fully grown, when they are ejected by the coughing of their host. The colour of the larve is dirty yellow, the upper part of the last segment yellowish-brown. Guestling Rectory : November 1st, 1897. NOTES ON THE @STRINE PARASITES OF BRITISH DEER. BY ERNEST E. AUSTEN. The following paper, which possesses no claim whatever to originality, is the result of a request from the Rev. HE. N. Bloomfield for further information upon the subject of Cephenomyia auribarbis, Mg. While endeavouring to comply with Mr. Bloomfield’s desire, it occurred to me that since hardly anything has been written in English on the subject of the @strine, which, in the larval state, are parasitic upon deer, it might be of some slight use to British Dipterists to give a brief summary of what is known of such of these interesting forms as are either recognised members of our fauna, or may perhaps yet prove to be so. Unfortunately, I can boast of no acquaintance in the living state with any of the species mentioned, and the only one at present represented in the British Museum collection is Cephenomyia auribarbis, of which we have a single female from Glenmore Forest, Cairn Gorm Mts., Inverness-shire, taken in June, 1895, by Mr. L. W. Hinxman, and kindly presented by Mr. P. H. Grimshaw, of the Edinburgh Museum, and four larve, the story of which is described above by Mr. Bloomfield. Consequently, not only for details of life- 1898.] 9 history, but also for specific characters, I have been compelled to rely upon Prof. Brauer’s “ Monographie der (Estriden’’—that storehouse of information upon everything connected with the present group. The species of @strine parasitic upon British deer, so far as at present known, are three in number :—Cephenomyia auribarbis, Mg., Pharyngomyia picta, Mg., and Hypoderma Diana, Brauer. The larve of the two former occur in the throat and nasal passages ; those of the latter species, as the generic name implies, in the subcutaneous tissue. Cephenomyia auribarbis, Mg.—As this species and its habits were described by Mr. Grimshaw when he introduced the fly as a British insect,* and have also been dealt with in the foregoing paper by Mr. Bloomfield, I need only add a few supplementary details. According to Brauer, the perfect insects of C. auribarbis may be met with from May to July, though the majority of individuals appear in May, and they are of more isolated occurrence in July.+ Larve in the third or final stage are to be found in numbers in the throat of the red deer in February ; they leave the host from the beginning of March to April, and the pupe may be looked for at the end of March and commence- ment of the latter month { The full grown larve of Cephenomyia may be distinguished from those of Pharyngomyia picta, Mg., which are also parasitic in the throat of the red deer, by the fact that their short, fleshy antenne, which are situated immediately in front of the mouth-hooks, are in contact at the base, while those of Pharyngomyia larve are widely separated. . In addition to C. auribarbis, three other species of Cephenomyia are found in Europe, viz.: C. stimulator, Clark, C. trompe, Fabr., and C. Ulrichii, Brauer. Ot these, C. stimulator is parasitic upon the roe (Capreolus capraea, Gray), C. trompe upon the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus, L.), and CO. Ulrichit upon the elk (Alces machlis, Ogilby), and their larve are to be found in the throats of their respective hosts. ; It is quite possible that Cephenomyia stimulator will one day also be recognised as British, and entomologists living in parts of Dorset and Scotland where roe deer occur would do well to look out for it. Brauer states that this species is on the * P. H. Grimshaw, “On the Occurrence in Ross-shire of Cephenomyia rufibarbis, a New British Bot-Fly parasitic on the Red Deer :” Annals of Scottish Natural History, 1895, pp. 155-158. Grimshaw follows Brauer in his choice of the specific name. The species was described by its author, Meigen, twice over: on p. 171 of Vol. IV of the “ Systematische Beschreibung,” as Gistrus auribarbis, and again on the following page (p. 172) as 09. rufibarbis. Brauer considered awi- barbis to be a variety, and on that account elected to designate the species by the later name. This, however, being contrary to the rules of priority, cannot be admitted. + I aim informed by Mr. GC. W. Dale, of Glanvilles Wootton, that he took a single specimen of this species at Loch Rannoch, Perthshire, on June 14th, 1896 ; it came flying round his head. + It should be remarked that these dates refer to Austria, and may require slight ulteration in the case of Great Britain. 10 (January, wing during July and August and until the first days of September, and that he has found the full-grown larve in the throat of the roe from May to August. The fly which, like the rest of its congeners, is thickly clothed with hair, measures 15 mm. (7 lines) in length. In the male the hair on the thorax in front of the transverse suture is of a bright greyish-ochre ; behind the suture it is deep blue-black; the abdomen is clothed with bright yellow hair, with an orange-yellow tuft on each side of the segments from the second to the fourth, the tufts on the third enclosing a small black-haired spot. The female is so far similar to the male that it cannot be mistaken, though considerable differences are seen on a close examination; the hairy coat is less brightly coloured, and that on the abdomen is sparser ; owing to the hair being concentrated more on the anterior halves of the segmeuts, the abdomen appears to be banded. Pharyngomyia picta, Mg.—This species, of which the larve, like those of the preceding, are found in the throat of the red deer (Cervus elaphus, L.), though an old established member of our British List, has not been heard of for half a century, and it is quite time that a record was published of the capture of another British specimen. Figured by Curtis (under its original name, (strus pictus) in his “British Entomology,” pl. 106 (1826), where it is stated that a single specimen was “taken by Mr. Samouelle in the New Forest at Burley Heath, 12th of June, 1823,” its larvee were afterwards made the subject of a “ Note on the Bot infesting the Stag,” by Bracy Clark, published in the “ Zoologist,” vol. v, 1847, pp. 1569, 1570, and re- printed subsequently in Clark’s “ Addenda, 1848.”* Clark refers to the specimen taken by Samouelle, and says that a subsequent capture was made in the same place by “our very worthy friend and excellent entomologist, J. C. Dale, Esq.”+ a Since the date of Clark’s observations nothing more has been heard of the species in this country. So far as British entomologists are concerned, it seems to have remained sunk in oblivion for the last fifty years, and to have become, so to speak, one of those nomina nuda of the List, of which Ephippium thoracicum, Ltr., Doros conopseus, Fabr., and others are conspicuous examples. Nowadays red deer are doubtless much less numerous in the New Forest than they were in the first half of this century, and this may well account for the dis- * Of. Austen, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, vol. xvi, 1895, pp. 150, 151. The ‘‘ Note” as originally published was headed with figures of the larva and pupa described as those of ‘‘ Gstyus cervi)”; the reprint in the ‘‘ Addenda, 1848,” has different figures of the larva and pupa, and also a woodcut of the imago. + The specimen alluded to is still in existence, and in the collection of Mr. C. W. Dale, to whom I am indebted for the following extract from his father’s entomological diary, giving the date and exact locality of its capture :— “©1835. July 31st. Stoney Cross, Hants. I think I saw 2 Gistrus pictus settle on a fern, and I struck at and missed them : looked like bees. “August Ist. Lyndhurst. Gstrus pictus on dried leaves. Captured this one.” 1898.] wil possible, to obtain further information upon this point, I applied to the Hon. G. Lascelles, Deputy Surveyor of the New Forest, of the Queen’s House, Lyndhurst. Mr. Lascelles, writing under date October 17th, 1897, replied to my enquiries as follows :— “The number of red deer in the New Forest is very small—perhaps a dozen or so. At the time of the Deer Removal Act, 1851, they were reduced to the lowest ebb, and a mere remnant has existed since. I have killed only a few from time to time, and I have never observed such a bot-fly as you name, or its larvee in the throats of deer. I have killed so many fallow deer that if it existed in their case I must have observed it.” With reference to the last remark of Mr. Lascelles, it may be added that the fly has never been reported to attack fallow deer; indeed, did it do so, Ph. picta ought to be comparatively common, considering the number of fallow deer kept in parks in this country.* All Gistrine (even species like Hypoderma lineatum, Vill., and Gas- trophilus equi, Fabr., whose larve are parasitic in domestic cattle and horses) are relatively rare in the perfect state, and, therefore, it is not surprising that Ph. picta should have disappeared from the New Forest, where it could have but a dozen victims. But the argument does not apply in the case of deer-forests in Scotland, or the country of the ‘‘ Devon and Somerset,” and Dipterists who have access to these favoured localities at the proper season should bear this in mind. As a further hint to collectors, it may be added that, according to Brauer, Cephenomyia auribarbis is a comparatively sluggish fly, which does not wander far from the haunts of the deer; C. stimulator and Pharyngomyia picta, on the other hand, are much more active and roam further afield. Of these latter species, the males in particular are very partial to the summits of mountains, where they greet the climber by sweeping to and fro in the air in front of him, while in colder weather they may be found seated on stones warmed by the rays of the sun- | Brauer states that the larve attain their full development in May and June, and that the fly is on the wing at the end of June and during July. Unlike Cephenomyia this species is clothed only with short hair, so that it appears to be bare. According to Brauer (“ Monographie,” pp. 178, 179) the head is yellowish- brown, beautifully marked with shimmering silvery flecks; the face and occiput are * For some reason the fallow deer appears to be remarkably little troubled by the attacks of Gstrine. According to Brauer and von Bergenstamm (‘‘ Vorarbeiten zu einer Monographie der Muscaria Schizometopa--Exclusive Anthomyidw—Pars iv ;” Denkschr. math.—-naturwiss. Classe K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Bd., lxi, 1894, p. 587) the only species that molest it are ‘ Cephenomyia rufibarbis, Wd.” (= C. auribarbis, Mg.), and an unknown species of Hypoderma. The former, however, is given with a note of interrogation, and from a comparison with the ‘‘ Monographie,” p. 276, its insertion as a parasite of the fallow deer appears simply to rest on a vague and unsup- ported statement by Bechstein (“‘ Gemeinniitzige Naturgeschichte Deutschlands,” Bd., i, 1801, p. 452) to the effect that this deer is ‘“‘von Engerlingen ((istrus) geplagt” (‘‘ plagued by bots (Gistrus)”’). 12 (January, clothed with fine downy golden-yellow hair; the thorax in the male is darker, and somewhat bluish-grey, in the female it is bright silvery bluish-white ; it is spotted and streaked with black, especially conspicuous being a broad, dead-black, and some- what quadrate patch in the median line in front of the scutellum ; the abdomen is black, with shimmering silvery markings; the legs are yellowish-brown, and the femora have a dark streak on the posterior side. The length of the fly is from 13 to 14 mm. (65 lines). Hypoderma Diana, Brauer.—This is a little greyish-brown species, smaller than H. lineatum, Vill. (the common cattle gad-fly), and according to Brauer its larve are parasitic upon the red deer and the roe, being found in cysts (warbles) beneath the skin of the back, chiefly in the vicinity of the spine. Brauer states (‘‘ Monographie,” pp. 115—117) that the insect is on the wing in May, in Northern Germany later, and until August. The length of the male is 11 mm. (53 lines), that of the female 12 mm. (not including the ovipositor). Full grown larve are to be met with from February to April, and they leave the host from the beginning of March until the latter month. According to evidence from a firm of leather merchants, published by Miss E. A. Ormerod (“Report of Observations of Injurious Insects,” 1896, pp. 134—189), in Scotland red deer and roe are both troubled with the attacks of Hypoderma larvee, though the former are by far the greatest sufferers in this respect. The firm in question (Messrs. R. and J. Pullman, 17, Greek Street, Soho Square, London, W.) even goes so far as to say that:—‘“The Scotch red deer pelts are all more or less infested with marks of ‘bot.’”’ To judge from the pelts, hinds are attacked much more severely than stags, but this is due to the fact that the stags are killed earlier in the season, before the larvee have come to maturity. The same firm states that bot- or warble-marks ‘‘ have never been noticed on the pelts of fallow deer,’* but that, “ The Scottish roe deer pelts are frequently seen very badly ‘ bot-marked ;’ but the ‘ bot-holes’ are smaller than in the red deer pelts, and some are so full of small ‘bot-holes’ it seems as if a charge of shot had riddled the pelts.” No Scotch specimens of deer gad-flies have yet been bred, but Miss Ormerod, after examining a number of maggots taken from the hide of a young red deer, considered that they might “be very safely referred to the second stage of the larvee of the Hypoderma Diana, Brauer” (op. cit., p. 187). On the other hand we have the remarkable statement as to the smaller size of the bot-holes in the roe deer pelts. If this is really the case, it can only be explained in one of two ways: either the roe deer are killed at a period when the Hypoderma larvee with which they are infested are not so far advanced as those in the hides of the red deer at the time the latter are shot; or we have in this country two species of Hypoderma, one of which is parasitic upon the red deer, the other upon the roe. In the latter event the British roe deer parasite may prove to be Hypoderma Diana, while the persecutor of the red deer may be found in Hypoderma Acteon, Brauer. According to the author, this species, which is 13 mm., or just over 6 lines in * Of. supra, p. 11, note. 1898.) 13 length (not including the ovipositor in the female), is parasitic upon Cervus elaphus. He characterizes it shortly as follows :—‘‘ Smaller species, with thorax marked with four glistening black stripes, and clothed with short and fine hair; abdomen black, flecked with silver, clothed at the base with whitish-yellow, at the tip with golden- yellow hair” (“ Monographie,’ p. 118). Brauer states that he has examined specimens from Austria and Thuringia, and that the insect is on the wing in May. He observed larve in the third or final stage in March and April, and adds that they leave the host in the latter month. British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London, S.W. : November 3rd, 1897. NOTES ON SOME INTERESTING HETEROPTERA MET WITH IN 1897. BY F. B. JENNINGS. Prior to the latter half of last season, I had taken no very active interest in the Order Hemiptera, but the discovery in August, whilst searching for Coleoptera, of some very good species, induced me to begin collecting these insects systematically. I record below my more distinguished captures. . The four species following were all taken in the neighbourhood of Box Hill, Surrey :— Sehirus morio, four specimens. —The first presented itself to my gaze most unexpectedly on August 15th, when pulling up a young Verbascum plant, and shortly afterwards I found another under a stone. On August 29th, in the same vicinity; 1 found a pair at the roots of a tal! plant, which I was not botanist enough to recognise. Two of the four specimens were damaged when found. Sciocoris cursitans.—A single specimen found on August 15th, at the roots of one of the tall plants before-mentioned. The locality appears to be quite a new one for this species, as Mr. Edward Saunders (Hem. Het. Br. Islands, p. 23) records it from Deal and Sandwich only. An additional interest attaches to the locality from its inland situation. Corimelena scarabeoides —On August 29th I found some scattered patches of dog-violet growing amongst moss on one of the slopes of the hill. It occurred to me that I might possibly find the weevil Orobitis cyaneus at the roots, so I set to work to examine some of them. No Orobitis turned up, but presently, on shaking a plant, two specimens of Corimelena dropped out. This encouraged me to go on working, and in about half an hour I had taken ten specimens, of 14 | January, which one was a larva, and another, although apparently in the ima- ginal state, had not yet attained its proper depth of colouring, the two latter individuals I restored as nearly as I could to their original positions. I may add that I sifted the thick moss surrounding some of the plants without result. I believe C. searadeoides has not before been recorded as attached to Viola. Mr. Saunders only mentions that it has been found in Britain “in moss and dead leaves, and by casual sweeping,” adding that, “Dr. Puton, in his ‘Synopsis des Hémiptéres Hétéroptéres de France,’ says it occurs by sweeping in meadows, es- pecially on Ranunculaceous plants” (Hem. Het. Br. Islands, p- 15). It is now of interest to recall the fact that Mr. J. J. Walker has taken another small Pentatomid, ; Gnathoconus picipes, in some numbers at Yarmouth, “at the roots of a species of violet, probably Viola canina, in a very restricted space on the North Denes” (Ent. Mo. Mag., 1895, p. 282). Gonocerus venator.—One specimen beaten out of box, August 29th. This individual is unfortunately minus one of its hind-legs, which injury may possibly have been caused by my too enthusiastic beating. I believe the only previous record of Gonocerus in this Magazine was that by Mr. J. W. Douglas, in Vol. ii, First Series (1865), p. 46, which will, I think, bear repetition. Mr. Douglas’ note was as follows: — “Twice, at a long interval, during fifteen years, I have taken a single example by beating the box trees on Box Hillin May; but, although I have beaten about the bush nearly every May, and also in other months, these two were all that rewarded my diligence. Still, it would be hazardous to say that the insects have not been there during any of those seasons, knowing, as we do, how many fortuitous circumstances must often happen together to enable an entomologist to find some particular species. Be this as it may, it is certain that, on the 23rd inst., I was lucky enough to get eight g and eight 2 of this coveted beauty. They affect the shoots that stand out from the bushes, and are fond of sitting on the top of them in the bright sunshine, and taking short flights from one to another; and when one is in the net, you are not sure of him, as he has a strong propensity to fly out of it. “Fieber gives oaks and hedge-roses as the habitat of this speeies ; with us it is exclusively found on the box.” The difference in the dates of Mr. Douglas’ captures and mine appears note- worthy.* The following additional species, from various localities, are of more or less interest :— Henestaris laticeps, a uice series, for which I am indebted to my friend Mr. W. H. Harwood, of Colchester, who accompanied me on September 10th to the spot on the N.E. Essex coast, where they were taken; Peritrechus nubilus (1) with the Henestaris ; Coranus subapterus (2), beaten out of ling at Oxshott, September 11th; Acanthosoma dentatum, a short series out of birch * The Power Collection possesses a series of Gonocerus, and Mr. E. A. Newbery informs me that Dr. Capron also had a series, taken, he thinks, about the year 1884. 1898.] 15 in Epping Forest, September 14th and 25th, in company with the commoner A. interstinctum ; Nabis brevipennis, several out of oak, and one from hornbeam, Loughton; I mention this merely because Mr. Saunders only gives it in his work as on Corylus ; as NV. brevipennis, like the rest of the genus Wabdis, is insectivorus in its habits, there seems to be no reason why it should be attached exclusively to one kind of tree; Salda cincta (1), on a ditch bank at Cheshunt, Lea Valley, October 24th. 152, Silver Street, Upper Edmonton, N.: December 1st, 1897. [I have taken Gonocerus on two occasions on box trees at Box Hill, in July and August, 1868; as these are intermediate dates to those given by Mr. Jennings, I think it may be worth while to men- tion them.—E. S.] PECILOSCYTUS VULNERATUS, WOLFF, AN ADDITION TO THE LIST OF BRITISH HEMIPTERA. BY H. J. THOULESS. On September 17th last I took on the sand hills at Yarmouth some Hemiptera which did not appear to answer the description of anything in the British list. I sent a pair to Mr, Saunders, who has been kind enough to examine them, and finds them to be Peciloscytus rulneratus, Wolff, a species which occurs in Sweden, Denmark, Germany, France, Switzerland, and all over South Europe, but which has not previously been recorded from Britain. All I saw were on the patches of Galium verum growing among the short grass, but on the continent, according to Dr. Reuter, it has also been found on Galiwm Mollugo, Achillea, Echium, Artemisia, Plantago, and Arenaria. It is a very pretty and conspicuous species, somewhat like P. wnifasciatus, but considerably smaller than that insect, and at once distinguishable by its paler color, being scarcely marked with black, and by the shorter and stouter third and fourth joints of the antennz, which taken together do not equal the length of the 2nd. In wnifasciatus the head and thorax are nearly entirely black, the scutellum black, except at the apex, and the elytra have the clavus and a wide band on the corium black. It was not common, and I was only able to obtain just over a dozen specimen. Probably it was rather too late in the season, as most of my examples, especially the males, were rather worn. 48, Grove Avenue, Norwich: December 3rd, 1897. 16 (January, VARIATION OF THE FORM OF THE MAXILLAZ IN THE GENUS MORDELLA. BY G. C. CHAMPION, FZ.S. Several years ago, when studying the Mordellide, I noticed that some of the species of the genus Mordella, Kuropean and American, had long slender lobes to the maxille, the outer one tapering, and so much elongated as to be partly exposed, and others short obtuse lobes. These characters, overlooked by Mulsant, Emery, and others, are well illustrated in IL. fasciata, F.,and M. aculeata, L.,as may be seen by the accompanying figures: No. 1 representing the : maxille and maxillary palpus of UM. fasciata, and ! No. 2 the corresponding parts of If aculeata. The / \ outer lobe in IL. aculeata varies in length, and the angular dilatation on the inner side towards the apex - is not always distinct. Jacquelin Duval’s description and figure of the maxille of the genus Mordella (Gen. Col. Europ., ili, pp. 405, 406, t. 90, fig. 447 bis) were probably taken from the S. European MW. sulcicauda, Muls. (some of the varieties of which closely resemble WZ. fasciata, F.), or from MM. aculcata, L.; the figure is incorrectly assigned to M. fasciata, F. His description does not apply to the last-mentioned species, in which these organs are formed very much as in Tomowia biguttata, Cast.; the maxille of this insect being also figured by him on the same plate (fig. 446¢). The dis- sections were made long ago and forgotten, till Mr. J. J. Walker recorded the capture of J. aculeata in Kent.* The sexual characters of some of the species of this family, as illustrated by Mordellistena abdominalis, F., &c.. have already been noticed by me.t Horsell, Woking : September 18th, 1897. HOMALIUM NIGRICEPS, Kirs.: SYNONYMIC NOTE. BY G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. The Homalium nigriceps of our collections, first introduced as a British insect by the late E. C. Rye (Ent. Annual, 1863, p. 89), with some doubt, is,as generally admitted by British Coleopterists, a colour variety of H. cesum, Grav. ; itis not, however, referable to the apterous H. nigriceps, Kies., but to H. tricolor, Rey [Omaliens, p. 218 (1880) ]. * Ent. Mo. Mag., xxxiii, pp. 161, + Biol. Centr.-Am. Col., iv, 2, p. sata Ent. Mo. Mag., xxvii, pp. 287, 288. 1898.] WA HT. nigriceps, Kies., as pointed out by Rey (Joc. cit., p. 227), differs from the reddish varieties of H. ceswm in having the head less rugose, the elytra shorter, the antenne longer, &e. H. nigriceps is a mountain species, found in the Auvergne, Vosges, Pyrenees, &c., while H. tricolor is generally distributed in France, as well as in Great Britain. I have had correctly named specimens of H. nigriceps from Cantal, in the Auvergne district, in my collection for many years, but till M. Fauvel recently called my attention to the matter, I had not compared them with British ones. He has recently published a short note on the same subject (Rev. d’Ent., 1897, p. 230). Horsell, Woking : November 25th, 1897. Brachysomus hirtus, Boh. (Platytarsus setulosus, Boh.), at Chatham.—This little weevil is usually regarded as one of our rarest species, single specimens being found at long intervals, usually in moss, in the South of England; and hitherto only three examples had been taken by me since 1873, which have been recorded in this Magazine (Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. x, p. 253, and vol. xxvi, p.11). It is, therefore, with no small pleasure that I record its occurrence, in scanty but satisfactory numbers, at the edge of a coppice about a mile and a half south of Chatham. The first speci- mens were obtained on October 23rd, by casually shaking over paper a small bough of hornbeam with the dried leaves on it lying on the ground; and in subsequent visits, further examples were taken by examining the dry but not decayed leaves of oak, Spanish chestnut, hornbeam, &c., strewn loosely about and accumulated round the stumps of the underwood. With the exception of three, which were beaten out of a faggot a few yards distant, all were found in a space about ten feet by six, the soil being a light loam overlying the chalk at a very slight depth. It is a very sluggish creature, and is by no means easy to detect among the débris when feigning death, which it does with much persistency. According to M. Bedel (Faune des Coléoptéres du bassin de la Seine, vi, p. 237), Brachysomus hirtus is found “ dans les bois, sous les feuilles morts—Hiver, printemps—Rare—Presque toute 1l’Kurope moyenne.” As the beetle is traditionally associated with primroses (cf. Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. vii, p. 37, and vol. ix, p. 159), lam able to state that this plant grows plentifully in the spot where my specimens were taken.—JAMES J. WALKER, 23, Ranelagh Road, Sheerness : November 8th, 1897. Captures of Coleoptera, &c., during the past season in the vicinity of Hastings. —Although I have had less time at collecting than usual, this year has afforded a fair number of species which do not occur here commonly. Taking them in seasonal order, Gyrinus urinator heads the list, taken, as before, round submerged posts in the River Rother in January, in about the same numbers as last year. In April Apion varipes turned up to the number of six among a swarm of A. difforme swept under a hawthorn hedge at Ewhurst. In May Ceuthorrhynchidius Chevrolati made B 18 (January, its appearance on the usual railway bank, along with Orchestes pratensis, Apion stolidum (not recorded previously from this district), Cassida sanguinolenta, and innumerable Apion ebeninum and Gymnetron pascuorum. Visiting Winchelsea towards the end of June I found Donacia cinerea in fair numbers at the same end of the same ditch, with a few D. braccata and D. menyanthidis. In trying for Gyrinus Suffriani, however, in a ditch where it occurred last year I captured a single Telmatophilus sparganii, of which species I afterwards (by sweeping the flower heads of Sparganium ramosum) took enough for a good series, and a few over. In this same ditch, or rather a very short portion of it, all five of the species of Telma- tophilus put in an appearance in the course of three visits, besides Phytobius notula, Cocerdula scutellata, and Eubrychius velatus. In July Rhinoncus inconspectus was fairly abundant on Polygonum persicaria, with one or two Hypera Pollua, at Pe- vensey, where also a few Laecophilus variegatus occurred. At Camber Harpalus servus was abundant at roots of grass, and H. cordatus appeared in small numbers in August, with seven or eight Amara rufvcincta and one Masoreus; Phytobius Waltoni occurred sparingly on Polygonum at Hwhurst, where Sibinia primita swarmed in nearly every hedgerow, though I have never taken it but singly in the neighbourhood before. In September Apion varipes appeared again very sparingly, and one or two Scymnus capitatus with it at Ewhurst. At St. Leonard’s Ceuthor- rhynchidius Chevrolati and Orchestes pratensis put in an appearance as long as the weather remained mild, which was well into October this year. In October my only other attempt at collecting was « “treacling” expedition to Guestling Wood, in hopes of turning up Anchomenus livens. I am pleased (2) to be able to assert that there is still one there at least, but, owing to the roughness of the oak bark, it managed to give me the slip. I am also able to record the rare Halictus levigatus from this neighbourhood ; a single specimen was taken on one of the yellow Composite, along with H. minutus, which is also new to this district. I am indebted for their names to Mr. Edward Saunders.—W. W. Esam, Eagle House, St. Leonard’s: December 3rd, 1897. The food of Silpha levigata, F.—As there appears to be a considerable amount of doubt with regard to the food of some of the species of Silpha, it may be of interest to record that I recently watched a Si/pha levigata making a meal of a snail. The latter appeared to belong to the species common in gardens, and was about quarter grown. The beetle commenced at the thin edge, cracking the shell away until it had made a hole large enough to bury its long mandibles in the soft body of the snail. I am inclined to think that the snail is the usual food of this species, as the narrow head and long serrated mandibles appear admirably adapted for this class of food, and reminds one forcibly of the same parts in Cychrus rostratus, which is well known to be a snail feeder.—H. J. TuouLess, 48, Grove Avenue, Norwich: December 3rd, 1897. [This habit of S. levigata is mentioned by Westwood, who states (Introd. Mod. Classif. Ins., i, p. 136) that “it feeds voraciously upon live snails, digging its strong jaws into the fleshy bodies of the latter, which in vain endeavour to escape.” It has also been noticed by Jacquelin Duval and others.—G. C. C.]. 1898.] 19 Pissodes notatus near Wellington, Berks.—On July 16th and 17th I found over thirty specimens of Pissodes notatus near Wellington, under the bark of a felled Scotch fir; several of them were just emerging from their cocoons, but there were also quite a number of chrysalides and immature beetles. This usually northern species has, therefore, occurred far inland in the south. I believe that Bournemouth is the only other southern locality for this species.—L. M. Bucknitt, Wellington College, Berks: December 12th, 1897. Pissodes notatus, F., near Bournemouth.—While collecting one afternoon lately at a place called “ Ferndown” (Dorset), near Bournemouth, I took two specimens of this species in a fir plantation —E. J. Burcess Sopp, Saxholme, Hoylake : December 11th, 1897. Coleoptera notabilia of the Liverpool district during 1897.—The following species have been added to our list of local Coleoptera during the past year. Gyrinus opacus, Leasowe. Helophorus rugosus, swept from herbage some distance from water, Sealand. Grypeta labilis, several localities. Tachyusa flavitarsis, Hoylake. Diglossa mersa, sea shore, Formby. Pederus littoralis, Hoylake. Aga- thidium nigripenne, Willason, under aspen bark. Hoplia philanthus, Wallasey. Sericosomus brunneus and Lyctus canaliculatus, Delamere. Ochina hedere, Led- sham, in ivy on tree trunks, abundant. Mordellistena brunnea, Ledsham. Otior- rhynchus atroapterus, Formby sandhills. Sitones cambricus, Ledsham. Ceuthor- rhynchus rugulosus, Stanlow and Chester. . Hylastes opacus and H. obscurus, Delamere Forest, in bark of pine stumps; and AHylesinus vittatus, Shotwick, abundant in an elm rail. Besides the above records it may be thought worth while to mention that Carabus nitens has again been taken at Freshfield (damp places in the sandhills) and at Knowsley. Bembidium stomoides, at mouth of River Alt; and Chlenius nigricornis, banks of Gowey, neither species having been recorded from the district for nearly twenty years. gialia rufa was taken in June at Wallasey, and a single specimen of Anthicus bimaculatus in a dead sea bird on the shore at Formby. Of the above species other records seem to afford evidence that 1897 has been a year of abundance for C. nitens and P. littoralis. It may be of interest, in view of the interesting and suggestive remarks by Mr. Barrett in recent issues of this Magazine, to state— (1). That the “ Liverpool district” here referred to consists of the plain of S.W. Lancashire south of the Ribble, and N.W. Cheshire between the Eastern hills and valley of the Dee; the region so delimitated being of one uniform geological character, that of the sandstone of the Trias, generally overlaid by the boulder clays, and comprising besides the cultivated area, coast sandhills, peat mosses, de- tached woodlands, and heaths. (2). That the recording of the entomolugical fauna is a work officially undertaken by a local Society (the Entomological Society of Lane. and Ches.), and assigned by it to a Special Committee, which reports annually to that Society additions in all Orders of Insects to the local faunistic lists, each record in any Order being verified by the member of the “ Record Committee ” responsible for that Order. B 2 “ 20 { January, (3). That as regards Coleoptera the excellent list of Dr. J. W. Ellis, published in 1889, forms the base on which new records are made as “ additions.” W. E. Suarp, Ledsham: December, 1897. Prosopis dilatata and Megachile versicolor, near Maidstone.—On June 22nd last I was fortunate enough to take a female of Prosopis dilatata in Oaken Wood, and on July 16th in King’s Wood, a female of Megachile versicolor, burrowing in a piece of decayed oak stump, also two others on August 21st, from the head of a thistle. Celoxys rufescens probably associates with this Megachile, for close to the spot and on the same day that I took my first. specimen I also captured on bramble a male and female of this inquiline.—Huspert Exear, Assistant Curator, Museum, Maidstone : December, 1897. [I have seen these specimens, and although the females of dilatata and Masoni are very hard to distinguish, I think Mr. Elgar’s determination is undoubtedly correct.—H. S8.] Pompilus (Aporus) unicolor, Spin., near Dover.—l took a 9 of this rarity at St. Margaret’s Bay on August 10th last. -F. W. L. Suapen, Ripple Court, Ring- would, Dover: December 2nd, 1897. A freak of Nature: Lasiocampa trifolit.— Early in July of last year Mr. Gray, Naturalist, of this town (well known for his captures of A. Lathonia nearly twenty years ago), informed me of the curious behaviour of a specimen of Lasiocampa trifolii he had bred. It was one of three which had emerged one afternoon and had not fully expanded its wings, when an evening engagement (which detained Mr. Gray until a late hour) drew him from home. When the breeding cage was looked at the next morning two of the three inmates were battered and ragged from dashing wildly about, but this specimen (which was the first to emerge) occupied the same position it had first taken up, and was metaphorically “as fresh as paint’ two days afterwards. Of course it was duly pinned out, but although in the height of summer, it refused to dry for an unnatural time, and when brought to me a week afterwards was still sufficiently limp for me to re-arrange the wings to my liking. Mr. Gray had assured me that it was not an hermaphrodite or gynandrous specimen, but a pure male, at least so far as the pectinated antenn# and wings were concerned, and so I found it, everything purely male and the shape of wings and their coloration normal, but the body was unduly distended, and although not longer than that of the male, of quite a female character, and upon pressure of the abdomen it exuded two or three imperfectly developed eggs. This insect appeared to me sufficiently curious to mention it to my friends, but I probably should not have recorded it if I had not been urged to do so by Mr. Barrett.—SypnEY WEBB, Maidstone House, Dover: December, 1897. [So strange a freak as this appears to me to be exceptionally worthy of record. This specimen is to all external appearance a male—antenne, thorax, wings, all male —even the abdomen, though thickened, has much the same appearance, since there is a very noticeably expanded anal tuft. But so far as can be ascertained without actual dissection there is no trace of either of the harpes (claspers) or of the wneus (anal 1898.] 21 hook), while on the other hand the ovipositor, although not extruded, is very distinct and centrally situated, and the body has every appearance of still con- taining numerous eggs.—C. G. B.]. Limnophilus nigriceps, Zett., at Ipswich.—Among several other T'richoptera taken on the banks of the Gipping on October 9th Mr. McLachlan has picked out this as being a species worthy of mention. I have little doubt I could have taken many more if I had liked to do so, but this is the first time it has been observed in the district, and, as far as I am aware, in Suffolk——CiaupE Moruey, Everton House, Ipswich: December 7th, 1897. Limnophilus affinis at sea ten miles from land.—When the Rev. A. E. Eaton was on his way home from Algeria by sea, a 9 of this small caddis fly flew on board the steamer on September 12th last, when ten miles off the Sussex coast. This power of making long flights may have connection with the wide distribution of the species, which probably inhabits the whole of Europe, and which I possess, or have seen, from Eastern Siberia, the Caspian, North Persia, Iceland, and Madeira. The larva of this species can exist in brackish water.—R. McLacuuan, Lewisham, London : December 4th, 1897. Societies. BIRMINGHAM ENTomMoLoGicaL Society: October 18th, 1897.—Mr. G. T. BETHUNE-BAKER, President, in the Chair. Mr. R. C. Bradley showed the following Diptera from Sutton :—Machimus atricapillus, the first true Asilid he had seen there; Helophilus trivittatus; and Cenomyia alpina, a species which is marked doubtfully British in Mr. Verrall’s list, but has just been confirmed by Mr. Grimshaw in the Annals Scot. Nat. Hist., 1897, from specimens taken in South Ayrshire. Mr. Bradley had taken a score in his garden during the summer, all males ; he said that it was so like Musca vomitoria that it was probably overlooked on that account. Mr. A. H. Martineau, Asilus crabroniformis from Nenin, North Wales, also a smaller species of Asilus with a Lycena Alecis in its grasp. Mr. Bethune-Baker, two drawers from his collection containing a portion of the genus Pieris. Mr. P. W. Abbott, Deilephila galii from Wallasey, where the larva was found this year by Mr. Victor Wilson; a short series of Lithosia caniola from South Devon, August, 1897. Mr. G. H. Kenrick read a paper upon “ Mimicry,” in which he pointed out all the difficulties of the present theories, and said that he believed we ought not to arrive at any conclusions until we had more and better evidence ; he exhibited a very fine lot of examples of both Batesian and Miillerian mimicry, exhibiting both phenomena in a particularly perfect state.—CoLBRAN J. WAINWRIGHT, Hon. Secretary. CAMBRIDGE EnTOMOLOGICAL AND Naturat History Sociery: October 29th, 1897. Mr. Farren exhibited H. lineola from Burwell Fen, P. xanthomista from the Isle of Man, D. rubiginea (reared) from Reading, and A. occulta from Rannoch. Mr. Lefroy, specimens of some salt water insects from South Wales; a beetle Dy) (January, (Ochthebius Lejolisi) and its larva, a rat-tailed maggot resembling Eristalis, and two Chironomid larvze with the pupa and fly of one of them; they Jived in small salt pools on the face of a cliff, about ten feet above high tide, the saltness of the water varying greatly from time to time. Dr. Sharp, a small portion of the Collection of Carabide made by Mr. Perkins in the Hawaiian Islands for a Committee of the Royal Society and British Association ; 700 or 800 specimens, representing five or six very closely allied forms, were shown. He stated that these forms were so ex- tremely closely allied that it was reasonable to consider them as modifications of one species that had undergone change in connection with difference of locality; some of the forms, however, were from the same island, so that it was not possible to consider the geographical isolation as the immediate or sole cause of the distinctions. —L. Doncaster, Hon. Secretary. Tue Sour Lonpon Entomonocicat AND Naturat History Society: October 28th, 1897.—Mr. R. ADKIN, F.E.S., President, in the Chair. Mr. H. B. Browne, B.A., of Hammersmith, was elected a Member. Mr. Montgomery exhibited a long bred series of Cidaria truncata (russata), the parent was var. centumnotata, but none of those bred were of that form; also a bred series of Acidalia dimidiata from July ova, and stated that some half dozen larvee were not feeding up, and apparently intended to hibernate; specimens of Apamea ophiogramma bred from ova, and a Cidaria corylata which emerged at the end of September. Mr. Newman, large Ist and 2nd broods of Arectia Caja, the former from larve taken round Darenth, the latter from ova, and reared in a green- house. Considerable variation was shown, but only one of the more extreme dark forms and one of the yellow hind-wing forms occurred ; a small very pale specimen was the most unusual form; also Odonestis potatoria bred of varietal forms from Darenth, Dryas Paphia with white patches, Argynnis Adippe, increase of dark markings, both from Goodwood, Epinephele Janira, two specimens with the usual fulvous colour quite white from Singleton, and Smerinthus populi bred of a very pink tinge. Mr. Tutt, on behalf of Dr. Riding and Mr. Bacot, the long series of the much debated Tephrosias, together with crosses, hybrids, mongrels, &c., and made remarks upon the results of their experiments ; on behalf of Mr. Merrin, a long series of vars. of Aglais urtice, having an incipient silvery mark on the under-sides of the fore-wings; on behalf of Mr. Horne, an almost completely black variety of Nemeophila plantaginis ; and on behalf of Mr. Griffith, a series of Tephrosias taken in the Bristol Woods. Mr. Moore, a specimen of Hnodia portlandica from North America, and said that it did not seem right to place this species and L. hyperanthus in the same genus; and a specimen of Locusta viridissima with its eggs from Chambéry. Mr. Adkin, vars. of Argynnis Selene from Sutherlandshire, much duller than usual, and with marginal spots large and pale. Mr. Merrifield, a very large number of specimens bred under extremes of temperature, to illustrate his resumé, entitled, “Recent Examples of the Effect on Lepidoptera of Extreme Temperatures applied in the Pupal stage.” November 11th, 1897.—The President in the Chair. Mr. Tutt exhibited a number of Psyche cases taken by Messrs. Edwards, Tunaley and himself in the Forest of Fontainebleau, including Psyche unicolor (graminella), 1398.] 23 P. opacella, Epichnopteryx bombycella, and Fumea nitidella (intermediella). Mr. Filer, a long series of mottled forms of Nonagria arundinis (typhe) bred by Mr. Dennis and himself from Surrey. Mr. Bishop, specimens of Aglais urtice, one having very large spots and the other almost var. ichnusa, both from Epping ; Agrotis exclamationis with scarcely perceptible markings; Melanippe fluctuata, having a broad marginal band dark, the inner area light with the exception of a black costal blotch on the fore-wings; and various varieties of Fidonia atomaria. Mr. Moore, the following Grthoptera from Lu Grande Chartreuse :—Stetheophyma variegata, Decticus verrucivorus, Psophus stridulus, Stenobothrus geniculatus, S. declivus, Gdipoda fasciatum, and others, and contributed interesting notes and observations. Mr. Adkin, bred specimens of a black variety of Odontopera bidentata from West- moreland. Mr. Tutt then read a paper, entitled, “ The Drinking habits of Butterflies and Moths,” and a long discussion ensued. November 25th, 1897.—The President in the Chair. Mr. Tunaley exhibited xanthic specimens of Hpinephile Janira taken in North Kent in 1896; a variable series of Angerona prunaria from the same locality ; and, on behalf of Miss Miller, of Chelmsford, an unusual variation of Acronycta rumicis, having a distinct submarginal red tinge on the wings, some portions of the body being similarly tinted. Mr. H. Moore, a small collection of Lepidoptera taken in France last August while on a cycling tour, and contributed notes. H#. Janira generally, and Hrebia ethiops and E. neoridas locally, were the only species at all commonly seen ; Chambéry was the farthest point reached. Mr. Bristowe, a small collection of Lepidoptera taken during a short visit to Japan; it was remarked how close the species were to those of our own country, but much larger. Mr. Tutt, a bred series of Cnethocumpa pityocampa, from larve taken by Dr. Chapman in South France, and remarked on the considerable sexual dimorphism; also a specimen of Eriogaster catax from the same locality. Mr. Adkin, an asymmetrical specimen of Arctia Caja, in which the left fore- and hind-wings were much suffused with the dark brown colour, the right wings being normal; the specimen was one of a second brood, and emerged from pupa in October last.—HeEnry J. Turner, Hon. Secretary: ENtTOMOLOGICAL Soctrery oF Lonpon: November 17éh, 1897.—Mr. R. McLacutan, F.R.S., Vice-President and Treasurer, in the Chair. The Chairman referred with regret to the death, while serving on the Indian Frontier Expedition, of Capt. E. Y. Watson, Fellow of the Society, and well known for his writings on Oriental Rhopalocera. Miss E. F. Chawner, of Forest Bank, Lyndhurst ; Mr. F. N. Brown, M.R.C.S., of The Elms, Chobham, and Natal; Mr. Albert Harrison, F.C.S., of 72, Windsor Road, Forest Gate; Mr. Albert Norris, of Church Lane, Napier, New Zealand ; Mr. Stephen Pegler, of Retford, Notts; Mr. Edward G. J. Sparke, M.A., of 1, Christchurch Villas, Tooting Bee Road, 8S.W.; and Mr. Wilmot Tunstall, of Brook House, Meltham, near Huddersfield ; were elected Fellows of the Society. Mr. Selwyn Imaye exhibited male examples of Pieris brassice with a black spot on the dise of the fore-wings. They were bred from larve found feeding on Tropeolum at Lee, N. Devon, in the autumn of 1896, and six out of ten males showed this variation. He also showed a dark aberration of Vanessa urtica, taken 24 (January, 1898. at Copthorne, in Sussex, and exhibited two fine specimens of Plusia moneta taken at valerian, near Balcombe, Sussex, on June 30th, 1897. Mr. M. Burr, three new species of Roumanian Orthoptera in illustration of a later communication. On behalf of Mr. T. D. A. Cockerell, of Mesilla, New Mexico, two specimens of Synchloe lacinia from that locality were exhibited to show the remarkable forms of variation found in individuals occurring at the same time and place and on the same flowers. Mrs. Nicholl communicated a paper “‘ On the Butterflies of Aragon ;”’ and Mr. Burr a “List of Roumanian Orthoptera.” My. Tutt read a paper, entitled, ‘Some Results of recent Experiments in hybridising Tephrosia bistortata and Tephrosia crepuscularia.”’ December 1st, 1897.—Mr. R. Trimen, F.R.S., President, in the Chair. Mr. Hope Alderson, of Hilda Vale, Farnborough; Mr. Arthur Horne, of Ugie Bank, Aberdeen; Mr. Charles H. Pemberton, of 4, Kent’s Terrace, Torquay ; and Mr. E. P. Stebbing, Indian Forest Service; were elected Fellows of the Society. Mr. Dudley Wright exhibited an aberration of Argynnis Euphrosyne, in which the upper-side was suffused with black, and the silver spots of the under-side of the hind-wings converted into streaks. On behalf of Mr. W. H. Tuck, Mr. Tutt showed examples of Metecus paradoxus, L., taken in nests of Vespa vulgaris, near Bury St. Edmunds, together with some of the cells in which they were found. About a fifth of the nests examined were affected, some containing as many as twenty-four, twelve, and eight examples of the beetle ; the more usual number present was from two to four. The dates between which examples were taken in 1897 were from August 2nd to October 1st. According to Dr. Chapman, the eggs were laid in the cracks of posts, &c., from which the wasps got the pulp to make their cells. Combs were also exhibited from the nests of Vespa crabro and Vespa germanica, in which Mr. Tuck had found larve of Velleius dilatatus, Fabr., which, however, he had been unable to rear. The Rev. A. E. Eaton, a specimen of the singular Myodites sub- dipterus, Fabr., taken by himself at Biskra, Algeria, and a near ally of Metecus. Mr. Blandford called attention to a new instance of the destructive propensities of Dermestes vulpinus, Faby. He had received examples found at Hong-Kong among flags made of bunting, which were presumably injured, although no details had been forwarded. This form of injury was analogous with the damage to woodwork recorded by himself and others; it had nothing to do with the feeding habits of the insect, but was committed by the larve in their search for shelter in which to pupate. Probably the flags had been stored at some period in the neighbourhood of infested leather goods, or dried provisions. The only other case of damage to textile fabrics by Dermestes vulpinus which he knew of occurred in connection with the case recorded by him (Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890, p. xxxi) ; a blue handker- chief, spotted with white, left in the infested building, was found next day to have all the white spots eaten out. In the ensuing discussion Mr. C. G. Barrett referred to the damage done by Agrotid larve to linen spread out to bleach on the hillsides near Bellfast. Investigation showed that this did not take place except when the linen was gathered up and brought into the warehouses without being shaken. The caterpillars which had taken shelter underneath it then ate their way through, in order to escape in search of food. Mr. Champion communicated papers, entitled, “ Notes on American and other Tingitide, with descriptions of two new Genera and four Species,” and “ A List of the Staphylinide collected by Mr. J.J. Walker, R.N., in the region of the Straits of Gibraltar."—W. F. H. Buanprorp, Hon. Sec. fae ase February, 1898.) 23 NOTES ON THE RHOPALOCERA, &c., OF THE ALPS, PARTICULARLY THE UPPER ENGADINE. BY ALBERT H. JONES, F.E.S. It may interest some of your readers who collect Lepidoptera to have an account of my experiences of two summer holidays in the Upper Engadine. From July 23rd to August 7th, 1892, I stayed at Campfer, which is situated between St. Moritz and Silvaplana. This year, in company with my friend Mr. Charles Fenn, I stopped at the same place from the 12th to 25th July, about a fortnight earlier. On the first occasion I returned by way of the Stelvio and the Tyrol, and on the last by the Maloja, the Italian Lakes and the Simplon, spending a few days both at Zermatt and Chamonix. To persons who have only visited other parts of the Swiss Alps the first impression of the Upper Engadine is perhaps disappointing, the mountains appear low, being viewed from an elevation of 6000 feet. The weather at this altitude is naturally variable, yet on both visits it was fine, this year exceptionally so. Some of the days were brilliant in the extreme, and we were fortunate in selecting such for making lengthened excursions. Our visits to the Cavloccio (an ideal valley near the Maloja), the Fex Valley, and lastly to the Fuorcla Surlej (9042 feet), a pass leading to the Roseg Valley, could not easily be forgotten by any one who appreciates scenery and enjoys a day’s mountain collecting. In my experience the best localities are in the neighbourhood of the little lakes between Campfer and Pontresina, the Schafberg, and between the Hannen See (about 1000 feet above Campfer), and the Fuorcla Surlej. It was surprising to find on a sheltered and sunny slope at about 8000 feet on this Pass, three or four species of butter- flies in the greatest profusion. Of the lateral valleys the Cavloccio is probably the best, fulfilling all the requisite conditions—neither so broad, like the Fex Valley, as to be exposed, nor too narrow and under the influence of excessive shadow. The Hrebig predominate to a large extent over other but- terflies ; they are abundant in the meadows and woods, frequently three or four species flying together. If one ascends a thousand feet up to the tree limit, they are equally plentiful although, the species are different, and the last butterfly seen before reaching the snow is Erebia glacialis. Melitea and Argynnis were well represented, and often abun- Cc 296 [February, dant. The “Blues” were by no means plentiful, although a fair number of species were to be found, the best locality for them probably being along the zigzag path in front of the Hotel d’Angle- terre. Although we only collected in the day time it was surprising to find such a scarcity of moths ; occasionally we met with a species fairly abundant, but that was quite the exception. Some of the forms were interesting, and several species the same as those occurring on the Scotch hills in such profusion. Sczaphila argentana was the only Tortrix we saw! I append notes of our captures, to which I have added a list of those species met with in other localities. Papilio Podalirius, Promontogno (2687 ft.), July 26th, Martigny (1558 ft.), in gardens and surrounding meadows, August 5th. P. Machaon, near Coire, July 12th, Promontogno and La Flegére, Chamonix. Parnassius Apollo, generally distributed and common. P. Delius, commence- ment of the Cavloccio Valley, common, a few also in the Suvretta Valley at about 6500 ft. Pieris brassice and rape,afew. P.napi ab. bryonie, one worn, Campfer. P. Callidice, one or two worn, Cavloccio and Suvretta Valleys. P. Daplidice, Promon- togno (July 26th) and Martigny (August 5th), rather common, but worn. Anthocharis Belia var. simplonia, one specimen very worn, Campfer. Leucophasia sinapis, Zermatt, Chamonix, and Martigny, in the last locality fairly common. Colias Paleno and ab. Werdandi and C. Phicomone, a few of each at Campfer (in 1892 these two species were very abundant). C. Hyale was also very scarce, we saw but one specimen at Zermatt and a few at Martigny. C. Hdusa was also rare, but two or three specimens being seen at Chamonix and Martigny. From this it would appear that 1897 is not a Colias year. Rhodocera rhamni, Julier Pass, July 12th. Polyommatus virgauree var. zermattensis, very common at Zermatt. P. Hippo- thoé var. Eurybia, the best locality for this species is the Fex Valley, where in 1892 it was very abundant. Lycena Afgon, Fex Valley, common, scarce elsewhere. L. Optilete, a few on the banks of the Inn at Campfer, but more plentiful near the Hannen See about 1000 feet higher. JL. orbitulus and Astrarche, Campfer, a few. L. Pheretes, sparingly in 1892, Campfer. L. Aryiolus, Promontogno. JL. Hros, fairly common, Campfer, males only, the female appears to be excessively scarce. JL. Icarus, fairly common. JL. Escheri,a few at Campfer, small form. JL. Bellargus, Campfer and Zermatt. L. Hylas, on the road to the Zmutt Thal, Zermatt, a few. L. Corydon, generally distributed and fairly common, small form. Z. Damon, not common, small form. JZ. Donzelii, scarce. L. semiargus, Campfer, the commonest “blue.” LL. Arion var. obscura, Campfer and Zmutt Valley, Zermatt. Grapta c-album, Chamonix. JV. wrtice, very abundant in the larval state throughout the Engadine. V. Zo, Cavloccio Valley. V. Antiopa, at about 8000 feet near Sils Maria. V. Atalanta, Campfer and Zermatt. V. cardui, a few in 1892 near Maloja. 1898.) 27 Welitea Cynthia and M. Aurinia var. Merope, both very common at one spot about 8000 feet between the Hannen See and the Fuorcla Surlej. MU. Phebe, Zermatt, rather common. WU. didyma, Fex Valley. WM. Athalia,a few, closely resembling the Devonshire specimens. IU. Parthenie var. varia, not uncommon, Campfer. Argynnis Pales, the males fairly abundant; we took one or two of the typical females, but the ab. nap@a was the commoner form. A. Arsilache was also common in the swampy ground round the little lakes between Campfer and St. Moritz; com- paring the females of this species with those of Pales, it is difficult to reconcile the idea that they are one and the same species. Guenée considers them distinct, and he is probably correct. A. Amathusia, Campfer in 1892, one specimen, and Zermatt. A. Tno, on the banks of the river Inn, Campfer, two specimens only. A. Lathonia, oc- casionally. 4. Aglaia (a dark form), rather common, Campfer. A. Niobe and ab. Eris, very common, Suvretta Valley, Campfer, Zermatt, and Chamonix. 4. Paphia, Promontogno, not uncommon. Melanargia Galatea, Promontogno. Erebia Epiphron, chiefly ab. Nelamus, very abundant, some of the specimens very dark with little indication of either spots or rusty bands. HH. Melampus, very abundant, Campfer; we took a few of a large and dark form of this species at La Flegére, near Chamonix ; they have a strong superficial resemblance to Z. Eriphyle, but an examination of the anal claspers by Mr. W. E. Nicholson, of Lewes, confirmed the opinion he had already expressed, that they were a form of Melampus. #. Pharte, very abundant, July 17th, in a swampy hollow at the commencement of the Cayloccio Valley, but extremely local; the specimens are the usual Swiss form, those from the Karinthian Alps are deeper in colour and the rusty bands brighter. £. Unestra, this is generally considered a scarce species, but in the Upper Engadine it seems fairly distributed, and in some localities rather common at an elevation of 7000 to 8000 feet. EH. Stygne, La Flegére, Chamonix,afew. E. Nerineand EL. ethiops, common at Bormio at the foot of Stelvio Pass, August 9th, 1892. EZ. glacialis, at about 8500 feet, Fuorcla Surlej, flying over stones and boulders where there is practically not a trace of vegetation ; in 1892 I found it commonly in a similar locality on the Schafberg near Pontresina. ZH. Tyndarus, very common, Campfer. LZ. Gorge, ab. triopes, abundant just above the tree limit, Campfer, 7000 to 7500 feet. 2. Goante, common, Campfer, also at Zermatt, very abundant. Z. Ligea, La Flegére. L. Euryale, excessively plentiful in the woods between Campfer and St. Moritz. Gneis Aéllo, just above the tree limit, Campfer, rather common, but difficult, as usual, to obtain in fine condition. Satyrus Semele, Zermatt. S.cordula, a small form, Zermatt. Pararge Mera,afew at Campfer. P. Megera, a very fine form, Martigny, common. Epinephele Janira, Promontogno, Chamonix, and Zermatt. EH. Lycaon, Zer- matt, rather common. Cenonympha Arcania var. Satyrion, common in the swampy ground in the woods between Campfer and St. Moritz. The form taken here is extremely inter- esting. The males are quite unicolorous (almost as deep in tone of colour as C. Hero), without a trace of any fulvous in the centre of the fore-wing; the females are slightly lighter, with only a faint indication of fulvous. In the Zermatt speci- mens the fulvous begins to show itself in both sexes. ay 28 (February, Syrichthus alveus and S. cacalie, were both common on dry slopes up to 7500 feet. Hesperia comma (a dark form) and Z. lineola, a few, Suvretta Valley. Zygena exulans, very abundant at the higher part of the Cavloccio Valley, also at about 7500 feet near Sils Maria. Setina aurita var. ramosa, this Alpine and interesting species (allied to our trrorella) was fairly common on the mountain sides at about 7000 feet. Arctia flavia, a connecting link between A. Caja and villica. Mr. Fenn found a male and female at rest on the wall of the Hotel d’Angleterre; the female de- posited eggs freely, and I have now about 70 larve half grown. German authors state that the larvae: hibernate two winters, but I should think those I have under the altered conditions will produce moths next summer. Gnophos obfuscaria var. canaria (similar to Scotch specimens, but larger) dis- turbed from rocks, also at light. G. dilucidaria, one or two, not fine. Psodos alpinata, sparingly in the woods between Campfer and St. Moritz. P. quadrifaria, occasionally, up to 7500 feet. Fidonta brunneata (larger than Rannoch specimens) and Acidalia fumata, single specimens of each, Campfer. Lobophora sabinata, two, Zmutt Thal, Zermatt. Larentia cesiata, sparingly, Campfer. Melanippe hastata var. subhastata, Cavloccio Valley, one specimen. Cleogene lutearia, the commonest Geometer, flying in the meadows in the afternoon sunshine. Anaitis paludata var. imbutata (similar as regards markings to Scotch examples, but larger), Lygris populata, and Eubolia mensuraria, single examples of each. Diasemia literalis, one or two. (This species I have taken at Stresa, near Lago Maggiore). Botys uliginosalis, occasional specimens; Pempelia carbonariella, Scoparia sudetica, single examples of each. Mimeseoptilus pelidnodactylus, common; and a few Sciaphila argentana. The number of species of butterflies we met with in the Upper Engadine was 58. Mr. Nicholson tells me that he has taken Argynnis Thore near Pontresina, and Professor Frey, in “ Die Lepidopteren der Schweiz” mentions 18 others as occurring there, viz., P. Machaon, P. Dorilis, L. Humedon, L. Sebrus, L. Alcon, M. Maturna, var. Wolfens- hergeri, M. Phebe, M. Dictynna, A. Selene, A. Euphrosyne, EH. Evias, S. andromede, C. Paniscus (2 at Maloja, small form). This makes a total of about 72 butterflies, a very good list, considering the eleva- tion and the limited area, viz., Maloja Pass to Samaden, a distance of 15 miles. It is doubtful if at any corresponding elevation in the Swiss Alps such a variety could be obtained. Several species of butterflies occur in very limited numbers and as small forms, suggesting that they have difficulty in maintaining an existence at such a high altitude. On the other hand, although the material at hand is very scanty, the moths in several cases are larger than those found in the British Isles. Eltham : December 6th, 1897. 1898.] 29 NOTE ON A FEW ORTHOPTERA FROM JAPAN AND KOREA. BY MALCOLM BURR, F.Z.S. Tam indebted to Mr. T. 8S. Fletcher, of H.M.S. “ Centurion,” for a small, but very interesting collection of Orthoptera from Japan and Korea. The chief interest lies in the notes which Mr. Fletcher has most carefully written on the papers in which the insects were packed. If all collectors abroad followed this excellent example, we should know more about the actual Natural History of the insects, and not have to be contented with mere descriptions of Museum specimens. ANISOLABIS MARITIMA (Bon.).—One male, two females, two immature, Kobé, June 11th, 1897. “One running along the ground ; the other undera stone. The only specimens I saw here.” Nagasaki, June 26th, 1897. “ Found under refuse, &c., on the beach (shingle and sand) of an island just outside Nagasaki.” Mr. Fletcher also observed that the male seemed to have a “‘ number of lice (?) adherent to its under surface.” TENODERA ARIDIFOLIA (Serv.).—One male and one female. Nagasaki, October 14th, 1897, and October 17th, 1897. PsevpoMANTIs Haantt (Sauss.).—Nagasaki, October 14th, 1897. STENOBOTHRUS BICOLOR (Charp.).—Port Lazareff, Korea, October 2nd, 1897. Mororan, Yezo, September 13th, 1897. Two females. CEDALEUS INFERNALIS (Sauss.).— Port Lazareff, Korea, a place about twelve miles from Gensan, October 2nd, 1897. ACRIDIUM JAPONICUM (Burm.).—Port Hamilton, a group of small islands some thirty miles south of Korea, October 10th, 1897. Kobé, June 11th, 1897. Naga- saki, October 17th, 1897, where, he adds, it is common. Two males, one female. CALOPTENUS ITALICUS (L.).—One male. Port Lazareff, Korea, October 2nd, 1897. Ducetra sapontca (Thunb.).—Port Lazareff, Korea, October 2nd, 1897. CONOCEPHALUS BREVIPENNIS (Redt.). — Hakodaté, August 16th, 1897. ** Amongst grass, near the town. Grasshoppers are rather scarce near the town, as the Japanese boys catch them and put them into little paper cages ; what they do with them afterwards I do not know.” This species has hitherto been recorded from North-East India. GRYLLUS MITRATUS (Burm ).—One male, one female. October 10th, 1897. Of this species Mr. Fletcher writes: “This is a very common species at Port Hamilton, where it occurs in dry fields. It is also common at Nagasaki, where I have found it under heaps of decaying vegetable matter. (EcantTuvs, sp.—One male, too crushed for accurate identification. It very closely resembles O. pellucens, Scop., which, however, does not seem to occur further east than Asia Minor. Mororan (70 or 80 miles from Hakodate), Yezo, September 10th, 1897. “This specimen was found sitting inside a shrivelled-up leaf. There was a hole in the leaf, and in this hole it was sitting, and making a tremendously 30 [February, loud noise in proportion to its size. It is an active species, but does not jump far. Found on sand hills on the beach, about 50 yards above high water mark.” I know of no @eanthus recorded hitherto from Japan, and it may quite possibly be new. Bellagio, East Grinstead : December 20th, 1897. COLEOPTERA IN THE MANCHESTER DISTRICT DURING 1897. BY J. HAROLD BAILEY, M.B. During 1897 most of my collecting was confined to the Man- chester District, more especially to the portion of the South Lancashire Plain lying within the fifteen mile radius. With the exception of the Bollin Valley, all the following records are from localities situated within this area. The most noticeable feature during the past year was the occurrence in profusion of certain species not found as a rule in any great number in the district. In February, March and April Aphodius conspurcatus occurred sparingly in horse dung in one corner of a field in Ellesmere Park, Eccles, twelve specimens in all being taken during four visits. On searching in the same locality on October 17th this species turned up in great numbers over a wider area of ground, and was to be taken subsequently on October 18th, 24th and 28th, along with Aphodius contaminatus. This latter species also occurred freely in Prestwich Park at the beginning of October. Trypodendron domesticum—a species which I had previously taken in small numbers in November, 1895, April and August, 1896, and February, 1897, from a clump of dead trees on the bank of the River Irwell at Agecroft—occurred in profusion on April 20th, the beetles evidently preparing to take flight, for they had emerged from their burrows and were congregated in groups of a dozen or more under the loose bark. On previous occasions the species was difficult to obtain in any numbers, owing to the provoking readiness with which the beetle retreats down its burrow in the solid wood, the tip of its abdomen just being visible when the bark is stripped off; the only chance of capture being when the beetle happens to be in the length of burrow situated in the bark. Trafford Park—until its recent sale by Sir Humphrey de Trafford a terra incognita to Coleopterists—has been thrown open to the public 1898.] 3l on payment of a small charge for admission. Such an opportunity was not to be lost, seeing that the estate is already beginning to be developed, patent fuel works and corn mills being erected in what was till recently a well wooded deer park. At the end of April Baptolinus alternans occurred under bark of pine, whilst the dry crumbling rotten wood of the dead portions of a living oak produced over a hundred Mycetophagus piceus, a few Soronia grisea, and a few dead specimens of Pocadius ferrugineus. The Mycetophagus occurred in the same place in less numbers in May, July and September; in July Soronia grisea was found rather more frequently in the interstices of the bark, together with two specimens of Quedius cruentus. On July 6th, in the birch plantations on what was formerly Trafford Moss, beating produced the following species sparingly: — Rhamphus flavicornis, Microcara livida, Luperus rufipes, Orchestes stigma, and O. rusci. Be- neath dung of vole a single specimen of Philonthus puella was taken. In May, Liodes humeralis and Elater balteatus occurred under the bark of a dead birch, and in September Autalia impressa was taken in an agaric. In Ringiey Wood Telephorus paludosus occurred in the same re- stricted area and at the same time of the year as in 1896. On visiting the locality on May 20th no specimens were found; on June 11th it was abundant, forty-five males and five females being taken ; on June 22nd only eleven specimens were found. A species which I had not previously met with in the wood was Nebria Gyllenhali, of which two specimens occurred on the banks of a stream. Chat Moss is a locality which in the near future bids fair to become merely a memory from an entomological point of view. Car- rington Moss, on the Cheshire side of the Mersey, was purchased by the Manchester Corporation in 1886 for the disposal of the city refuse on it. The whole of the 1100 acres (600 acres of which, at the time of purchase, were rough moss land) have been brought into a high state of cultivation, and botanists may now search in vain for the various species of Drosera,and Lepidopterists for Caenonympha Davus, var. Rothliebii, for which years ago Carrington Moss was a well known station. The more famous Chat Moss, which is a few miles to the west of Manchester on the Lancashire side of the Mersey, is likely soon to experience the same fate as Carrington Moss, for it was pur- chased in 1895 by the Manchester Corporation for a similar purpose. The extent of the Chat Moss Estate is 2600 acres, 400 acres of the estate being outside the borders of the Moss, and having long been 8? (February, in agricultural use. Of the remainder, 1900 acres are already under cultivation, the original leaseholders of ninety years ago having drained and cultivated and intersected the Moss with roads. Rather less than 300 acres remain as wild moss, and some of this area has been planted for pheasant cover, while a portion of it is being destroyed year by year owing to the peat being removed from the underlying clay by a Peat Moss Litter Company. During May and June I was able to spend six short afternoons on the Moss. On May 22nd, Anoplus plantaris, Rhynchites nanus, Orchestes rusci, and O. stigma were beaten from small birch trees, and at the roots of heather Coccinella hiero- glyphica and Haltica ericeti occurred sparingly. On exploring a small plantation of stunted Scotch firs in which I had never collected before I alighted on a prize in the shape of Pissodes notatus, a species I had not taken before, but which has been recorded as occurring on Chat Moss. Vigorous beating of every fir in the plantation produced twenty specimens, not more than three or four being beaten from a single tree; the only other species in the net were one Hy/obius abietis, a few Pityogenes bidentatus and severa) Scymnus testaceus, var. scu- tellaris. From under bark of firs killed by former burning of the heather, the following species were obtained :—Myelophilus piniperda, Hylastes palliatus, Rhizophagus depressus, Rhinosimus planirostris, and Homalium punctipenne. On each succeeding visit (the last being on June 30th), Pissodes notatus was obtained, but never in greater numbers than about twenty at a time, sometimes less. The specimens varied greatly in size, the largest measuring 10 mm., the smallest, taken by Mr. W. E. Sharp, who accompanied me on a visit, being only 5 mm. in length. Other species taken in June included Campylus linearis, Corymbites quercis, var. ochropterus, and Sericosomus brunneus, all on birch; the latter species not having been previously recorded nearer than Delamere Forest. later balteatus was phenomenally abundant; on May 24th scores were to be beaten from birch. On June 26th the following additional species appeared on birch :— Luperus rufipes, Microcara livida, and Khamphus flavicornis. Five afternoons by the River Bollin produced the usual species : on June dth nine specimens of Bembidium paludosum were taken, and this species occurred in greater numbers on June 30th, July 10th and 24th, and August 4th. Bledius subterraneus and B. pallipes were taken, both in their burrows and running on the banks. Heterocerus marginatus, which occurred in small numbers on June 5th, was taken in profusion on August 4th by treading in the wet sand and mud at the water’s edge. Additional species included about thirty Anthobium 1898.] 30 minutum, swept from herbage on the banks ; Georyssus pygmeus, which occurred on each visit, but most abundantly on June 5th; three Bledius fracticornis on June 5th ; two specimens of Deronectes assimilis on July 10th and 24th respectively; and one Hoplia philanthus on July 10th, entangled amongst water weeds floating in mid-stream. Ina small brook at Swinton on July 15th I took Agabus paludosus ; this species was present in the same brook in 1896, from May 11th to 29th; during the first week in May, 1897, the species had not appeared. Clifton, near the Viaduct over the River Irwell, is historic ground botanically, being a favourite locality with Richard Buxton, the Man- chester artisan botanist, 60 and 70 years ago. Close to Clifton is Mere Clough, a locality where Saperda scalaris was formerly taken in abundance by the older generation of Manchester Coleopterists. Clifton being only three miles from Pendleton, I was able to pay fre- quent short visits, and from the Bolton Canal near the Viaduct I obtained several interesting species. On June 11th Bagous alismatis was in the utmost profusion on Alisma plantago, and Donacia linearis occurred on the same plant. A visit on July 12th produced Donacia sparganii in abundance on Sparganium, and D. linearis and D. bidens rarely on Potamogeton. D. sparganii occurred constantly at the same spot in decreasing numbers throughout July, and on August 18th four species only were taken; D. bidens had increased somewhat, twelve specimens being taken on August LS8th. At Prestwich Rhagiwm inquisitor occurred under loose bark, and in August Bolitochara obliqua was taken in agarics, and from lyco- “perdons Oryptophagus lycoperdi was obtained, together with a single specimen of Liodes orbicularis, a new record for this neighbourhood. In November decaying agarics produced, amongst other species, Phi- lonthus decorus aud Cercyon unipunctatus. At Worsley on September 27th Dorytomus pectoralis was obtained by beating sallows at a spot where this species occurred in the same month in 1895 and 1896. In the same locality Baptolinus alternans was common in a decaying stump, Cryptophagus lycoperdi occurred freely in lycoperdons, and in agarics a fair number of Awtalia impressa, together with Scaphisoma agaricinum, and various Homalote and Gyro- phene, not yet determined. 128, Broad Street, Pendleton : January 4th, 1898. 84 [February, REVISION OF THE NOMENCLATURE OF MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. BY THE RIGHT HON. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., AND JOHN HARTLEY DURRANT, F.E.S., Mems. Soc. Ent. DE FRANCE. BORKHAUSENIA, Hb. = * HCOPHORA, auct. (nec Lir.). The generic name Ccophora, Ltr., has for nearly half a century been erroneously employed in the sense in which it is used in Stau- dinger’s Catalog. Latreille, Hist. Nat. Crust. Ins., IIT, 417 (1802), himself cited Tinea sulphurella, F., as the type of his genus @eophora, which type was also adopted by Curtis, Br. Ent., IX, expl., Pl. 408 (1832),in redescribing the same genus under the same name. Meyrick, HB. Br. Lep., 633 (1895), has therefore very properly used Ccophora for sulphurella, F.,in accordance with Latreille’s original intention, and § Dasycerus, Hw. (= Dasycera, Steph., auct.), having been created for this species and Oliviella, F., must sink as a synonym; moreover, Stephens in changing the name to Dasycera pointed out that Dasycerus was pre-occupied in Coleoptera (Brongn., 1799). Other authors (e. g., Herrich-Schaffer and Snellen) have wrongly adopted the generic name Lampros, Tr., in the sense of Gcophora, auct., but this use is inadmissible, for Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lp, Fr., XI, 17—18, 257—8 (1888), cited majorella (Schiff.), Hb. (= Harpella forficella, Se.), as the type of Lampros. Meyrick, HB. Br. Lp., 683—-4 (1895), employed Acompsia, Hb., in lieu of cophora, auct., but Walsingham, Pr. Z. Soc. Lond., 1897, 82, has pointed out that Duponchel, Hist. Nat. Lep., Fr., XI, 19 (1888), cited cinerella, L. (= ardeliella, Hb., 487), as the type of Acompsia, Hb., and that therefore Acompsia, Hb., = Brachycrossata, Hein., = Recurvaria (Aw.), Meyr., HB. Br. Lp., 606—7 (1895). Since all previous writers have thus failed to find a name which can properly be applied to the very natural and recognisable concep- tion known as @cophora, auctorum (vide Stgr. Cat., p. 307), it becomes necessary to search for a dormant one, that can be so applied and to resuscitate it; Borkhausenia, Hb. Verz. bek. Schm., 420 (1826), can be employed in the sense required. The original types were: 1. minu- fella, L., Hb., 141 (= Gcophora, Stgr., 2281) ; 2. similella, Hb., 182 (= Ccophora, Stgr., 2273) ; 3. atrella (Schiff.), Hb.,278 (? =atrella, Hw. (Hw.), 2. e., Lamprotes, Stgr., 2062). Stephens, Ill. Br. Ent. Haust., 1V,354 (1834), 423 (1835), did not affect this genus, for he referred both minutella, L., and atrella, Hb., to his genus Amaurosetia in both references, however, omitting to note 1898.] 30 that minutella was one of the types of Borkhausenia, although this was indicated in the case of atrella. We are, therefore, at liberty to select the type; atrella, Hb. (being a doubtful species, and if cor- rectly identified by Haworth, not agreeing with the other two species, which are isotypical), should be rejected, and minutella, L., a common form, in structure thoroughly representative of a large section of those prevalent species with which it has long been associated, should be adopted as the type of Borkhausenia, under which title Batia, Steph., and Chrysia, Mill., will lie dormant. (To be continued). ON CERTAIN RECENT ADDITIONS TO THE BRITISH MUSCIDH (TACHINIDZ OF VERRALL’S LIST). BY ERNEST E. AUSTEN. The following remarks are published in no spirit of captious criticism, but in the hope that they may prove of some slight assist- ance to those who are engaged in the difficult task of unravelling the identities of our British Zuchinine—a group which, in spite of the labours of Brauer and von Bergenstamm, still presents so many difficulties to the careful student. PHOROCERA INCERTA, Meade. Of this species—which was lately described in this Magazine (Ent. Mo. Mag., ser. 2, vol. viii, 1897, pp. 223, 224), from three specimens collected by Mr. C. Morley, of Ipswich, and another example in the collection of the Museum of Science and Art, Edinburgh—the British Museum has just received a couple of co-types, through the courtesy of Mr. Morley. A careful examination of the specimens in question, which agree very well with the description, enables me to say positively that they have nothing to do either with Phorocera, or with the “ sub-gen.” Campylocheta, Rond., to which the author assigns them. Mr. Meade writes: “facial sete . . extending upwards to near the end of the frontal bristles ;” this means that the projecting ridge on each side of the sunken epistoma bears a fringe of sete, commencing at the long vibrisse on the facial angles below and terminating at about the level of the base of the third joint of the antenne ; in other words it is the condition termed by Schiner: “ Untergesicht an den Seitenrindern . . mit . . Borsten bewimpert ;” and by Brauer (Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, Jahrg., 1893, p. 472): “ Mund- borsten bis oben aufsteigend.” But on examining a specimen of “ Phorocera”’ incerta from in front, so that we look straight into the cavity of the epistoma, it is seen that the sete to which Meade refers are not on the facial ridges at all, but on the face itself, 7. e., the space on each side between the facial ridge and the eye. The real facial or oral sete (Mundborsten) extend no higher than the facial angles, and consist of four or five small and slender bristles immediately above the vibrissa 36 [February, on each side. What Meade regards as facial sete are really part of the series of JSrontal bristles, which are continued down the face itself to well below the middle, and terminate nearly on a level with the lower margin of the eye. These descending frontal setze run near to the facial ridges, it is true, but, nevertheless, well to the outside, and the end of the series curves distinctly outwards towards the eye. The true nature of Meade’s supposed “ facial” setee is evident at once when the insect is viewed from in front, in the manner already described ; if the head is looked at in profile and slightly from the rear, the descending frontal setee might well be sup- posed to spring from the facial ridges. In “ Phorocera” incerta, Meade, therefore, the facial ridges are not fringed with sete, and this in itself precludes the possibility of the species belonging either to Phorocera or Campylocheta. In working out the Muscide in the new collection of British Diptera in the British Museum, I have followed Prof. Brauer’s latest arrangement of the “ Muscaria schizometopa” (Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, Jahrg., 1893, pp. 447—525), under which Campylocheta retains its generic rank (ef. loc. cit., p. 480). If further reasons are required as to why “ Phorocera’”’ incerta, Meade, cannot belong to Campylocheta, they may be found in the absence of the strongly developed $ hypopygium, curved forwards beneath the tip of the abdomen, and of the elongated tarsal claws of the ¢ —both of which characters are well exhibited in Campylocheta (Tachina) obscura, Fln. (? = Tachina schistacea, Mg.; Campylocheta id., Rond.). The true systematic position of Mr. Meade’s species is another question, which I must frankly admit I am unable to answer. I do not know where to place it myself, and, after many attempts, I have utterly failed to run it down to any existing genus with the tables either of Schiner or Brauer (Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, 1893, pp. 463— 510). From this point of view it is a little unfortunate that the - specimens which Mr. Morley has kindly presented to the Museum are both males. Possibly the species should be placed somewhere near Masicera; in any case a new genus will probably have to be founded for its reception. NEMOR#HA QUADRATICORNIS, Meade (Ent. Mo. Mag., ser. 2, vol. v, 1894, p. 160). The type of this species is in the collection of Mr. C. Morley, through whose kindness I have recently been enabled to examine it. The species is identical with one which, in November, 1896, I incorporated into the British Museum collection as Micropalpus pudicus, Rond. (Dipt. Ital. Prod., iii, 1859, p. 69). Consequently, if, as I believe, my identification of Rondani’s species is correct, the name quadrati- cornis must fall. In the specimens determined by me as MZ. pudicus the palpi, although extremely slender, are not abbreviated, and in addition to this there are other striking differences from normal representatives of the genus Wicropalpus, such as WZ. vulpinus, Fln., and M. comptus, Fln. (= fulgens, Schin.; Mg., p. p.).* * The type of the genus Micropalpus is M. (Linnemya) Sophia, Rob. Desv. (Essai sur les Myodaires, p. 53), a Sicilian species, but, as I have nu personal acquaintance with this, I do not refer to it. 1898.] 37 The front in both sexes is much narrower ; the angle in the fourth longitudinal vein occurs considerably nearer the apex of the wing, and the posterior transverse vein makes a corresponding approach towards the hind margin. The result is that the first posterior and discal cells are much wider, while the second posterior cell is con- siderably shorter. The prolongation of the fourth vein beyond the angle is shorter than in W. vulpinus, Fln., and YW. comptus, Fln., but is, nevertheless, well marked. In spite of the differences alluded to, however, the species is distinctly a Micro- palpus in general appearance, as is easily seen when the insect is regarded from above, or the head is Jooked at in profile. Perhaps the best test is to collect a number of specimens of I. vulpinus and M. comptus into one group, and a corresponding number of examples of Erigone (Nemorea) radicum, F., strenua, Mg., and rudis, Fln.,into another; not a moment’s consideration will be necessary to decide to which group a specimen of WU. pudicus should be assigned. The characteristic downwardly directed angle in the fourth longitudinal vein in the wing of an Hrigone, the absence of an appendix beyond the angle, the shape of the head in profile, the smaller antenne and different shape of the third joints, and the much more slender thoracic setee—to mention no other differences —at once distinguish a member of this genus from a Wicropalpus. In his description of Nemorea quadraticornis, Mr. Meade points out the presence of an appendix beyond the angle of the fourth vein, but apparently considers it of no importance. Since the palpi of Micropalpus pudicus are of full length—albeit, exceedingly slender—either the existing definition of the genus must be modified to accommo- date it, or the species must be relegated to a new genus, which would be placed between Micropalpus and Erigone. On the whole, especially considering the large number of genera of Muscide with which the system of Messrs. Brauer and von Bergenstamm has already provided us, the former course seems the more advisable. It is perhaps as well to state that in his original description of WU. pudicus Rondani makes no mention of the palpi. The description was based upon a single (male) specimen from Piedmont, and in all probability the proboscis was so far retracted that the palpi were invisible. On examining the type of Mr. Meade’s description (in which likewise there is no mention of the palpi), I found that the proboscis is similarly retracted, so that it is possible to make out the palpi only with great difficulty. Owing to the diagnostic importance of the palpi in the Wuscide, collectors should take care in all cases to endeavour to make the proboscis protrude from the buccal cavity at least sufficiently far to enable these organs to be readily examined. The synonymy of the various species of Micropalpus is much involved, and the conclusions of Brauer and von Bergenstamm differ largely from those of Schiner. The latter gives UZ. pudicus, Rond., as a synonym of VW. hemorrhoidalis, Fln., while the two former authors restore pudicus to its specific rank, but regard hemorrhoi- dalis, F\n., a3 a synonym of pictus (Mg.), Schin., and they recognise another species as hemorrhoidalis, Mg. (nec Fln.), of which impudicus, Rond.,is given as a synonym. The British Museum possesses a fair series of specimens of I. pudicus, Rond., including six males from Felixstowe, Aug. 14th—20th, 1896 (A. Piffard), and two from Walton Wood, St. Osyth, Essex, August 21st, 1896 (F. B. Jennings) ; the only female in the collection 38 | [February is from Bearsted, Kent, June 15th, 1896 (E. E. Green). I believe Mr. Harwood, of Colchester, found the species not uncommon in his neighbourhood during the summer of 1896. To judge from the present state of our collection, the rarest of the British species of Micropalpus is M. comptus, Fln., of which we possess only two modern specimens—a male from Bisley Common, Surrey, July 18th, 1897, captured by myself, and a female from the North Sutor, Cromarty, N. B., June 12th, 1894, taken by my colleague, Mr. W. R. Ovilvie Grant. Before dismissing the question of Micropalpus pudicus, it may be added that in it, as in IL vulpinus, Fln., orbital sete are confined to the female, while in the case of IW. comptus, Fln., they are present in both sexes. BRACHYCOMA ERRATICA, Mg. This species, described by Meigen under Tachina, was introduced as British by Mr. Meade (Ent. Mo. Mag., ser. 2, vol. v, 1894, p. 110), on account of two specimens (g and 2) bred by Mr. C. J. Watkins, of Painswick, Gloucestershire, from pup found in borings of Pemphredon in a rotting cherry tree stump. Of the two speci- mens in question, the g¢ was presented to Mr. Meade, while through the generosity of Mr. Watkins the ? is now in the collection of the British Museum. After describing the species, Meade writes (loc. cit.): “Meigen placed this anomalous species, together with B. devia, in the genus Tachina, in which he was followed by Schiner; by the spotted abdomen and other characters, however, it more properly belongs to Brachycoma.’’ But this species cannot possibly be con- generic with Brachycoma devia, Fln.; the entirely different shape of the head, as seen in profile, the bare face (?. e., the absence of the row of fine setee running down on each side from the end of the series of frontal bristles to the lower margin of the eye), the fact that the clypeus is contracted below by the approximation of the facial angles (a feature which Mr. Meade has omitted to notice), the shorter and less attenuated arista, the fact that the third longitudinal vein is entirely bare (instead of being clothed with sete from the base to the anterior transverse vein), and the very different shape of the first posterior cell, all these are characters which, severally of systematic importance, together constitute a body of evidence that cannot be disregarded. It is true that Schiner (Fauna Austriaca, Diptera, 1, p. 477) places erratica immediately after devia, under the same tabular number, but as he expressly states that he is not acquainted with either species this goes for nothing. Moreover, in a foot-note (loc. cit.), Schiner expresses his conviction that Rondani’s interpretation of Fallen’s devia, which is the one followed by modern authors, certainly refers to a distinct species. It is to be feared that the true systematic position of the species from Pains- wick must for the present remain in doubt. Owing to the contraction of the clypeus below, and the elongated claws of the $, it works down under Brauer’s system to the Section Paramacronychia (cf. Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, Jahrg., 1893, p. 505), a group which is largely composed of new genera; but the trail is here lost. 1898.] 39 Whether the species is Meigen’s Tachina erratica at all seems to me, so far as it is possible to judge from the single ? at my disposal, also doubtful. Meigen ‘describes the abdominal segments, after the first, as “ash-grey, each with two blackish-brown, triangular, shim- mering spots, which are in contact with the lateral margin.” He thus says nothing about a “central dorsal stripe,’ as described by Meade, while the triangular spots on the second and third segments of the abdomen are a long way from the lateral margins. Meade and Meigen both speak of four black stripes on the thorax, but it is perhaps as well to mention that in the Painswick 9? the four thoracic stripes are pre-sutural; behind the suture there are but three. Finally, it may be observed that 7. erratica, Mg., is not included by Brauer and von Bergenstamm in their list of 1520 species of Muscide examined by them (Denkschr. Math.-Naturw., Cl. K. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Bd. lviu, 1891, pp. 421—443). Xysta cana, Me. This species, described by Meigen under Phasia, but placed under Xysta by Schiner, who is followed by Brauer and von Bergenstamm, was introduced as British by Mr. C. Morley (Ent. Mo. Mag., ser. 2, vol. vii, 1896, p. 212), on the authority of Mr. Meade, whose identification was based upon a couple of specimens swept by Mr. Morley out of grass at Ipswich: one in May, 1894, and the other on May 23rd, 1896. Mr. Morley having recently been good enough to allow me to examine these specimens, I found that they agree in all respects with a single specimen in the Museum collection from Felden, Herts, May 14th, 1894 (A. Piffard), which I had previously identified provisionally as |Phasia Rothi, Ztt. (Dipt. Scand., xiii, 1859, pp- 6170, 6171). The three specimens agree fairly well with the description of cana, except that in Meigen’s description there is no mention of macrochete on the abdomen, whereas in these specimens the posterior margins of the second, third, and fourth abdominal segments are sparsely fringed with such sete. According to the definition given by Schiner, abdominal macrochete are absent in all genera (Xysta, Syntomogaster, Phasia, Ananta, and Alophora) included by him under “ Phasine ;” while with regard to the abdomen of Xysta he expressly states (Fauna Austriaca, Diptera, i, p. 407) that: “symmetrically arranged large bristles are nowhere found, even when the hairy coat is pretty thick.” It is, therefore, evident that if these specimens really belong to cana, the species is as much out of place under Xysta as it would be if allowed to remain under Phasia. Meigen, however,as already stated, says nothing about macrochzte in his original description of Phasia cana, whereas Zetterstedt (loc. cit., p. 6171) describes the abdomen of Phasia Rothi,as: “ margine apicali segmentorum 3 & 4 parce setulosum”’ (the macrochete on the posterior margin of the second segment are very inconspicuous, being much smaller than the others). For this reason it seems better to designate the species, for the present at any rate, by Zetterstedt’s name, instead of by Meigen’s, which, if eventually found to apply, would have priority by thirty-five years. In the three specimens that I have examined the fourth longitudinal vein is bent at_an obtuse angle, and the first 40 {February, posterior cell is almost closed (Zetterstedt writes : “ 4: tus longitudin. angulo obtuso curvatus ; area, modice aperta in apice ale terminatur”). Here we have an additional reason for the foundation of a new genus for the reception of Phasia Rothi, Ztt., which, owing to the presence of abdominal macrochete, would form a connecting link between the rest of the “Section” Phasia (Phasing, of Schiner) and the nearest allied setigerous genera. British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London, S.W. : December 7th, 1897. The Meeting of the International Congress of Zoology at Cambridge in 1898.—It is pretty well known amongst Zoologists that the Fourth Meeting of this Congress will commence at Cambridge on August 23rd. The First was at Paris in 1889, the Second at Moscow in 1892, the Third at Leyden in 1895. The President for the Meeting is the Rt. Hon. Sir John Lubbock (in place of Sir W. Flower, who resigned on account of ill-health), and there is a very strong and representative Hxecutive and General Committee. A powerful Reception Committee is already seeking to secure accommodation for the visitors. Former Meetings have been most enjoyable, and attended by visitors from all countries in which Zoology is cultivated. This one on our own shores cannot fail to equal, if not to exceed, any of its predecessors. It is anticipated that a large number of Foreign Entomologists will attend, and they will no doubt receive a hearty weleome. Any further information can be obtained by applying to Prof. F. Jeffrey Bell, M.A., 3, Hanover Square, London, W.—Eps. The Ragonot Collection of Micro-Lepidoptera.—It will be of interest to Ento- mologists generally to learn that this very important Collection has been given by Madame Ragonot to the Museum of Natural History at Paris, and is now installed there in the Entomological Gallery, where it can be consulted at all times.— Eps. Homalota clancula, Er.,near Chesham.—During the early part of last August I took seven specimens of a small and peculiar looking Homalota, which I thought would probably prove to be clancula ; Mr. Champion has kindly examined them for me, and returns them as that insect. These specimens were found in rotting leaves, which lay many inches deep, almost choaking up several pools, in a wood in this district. A small isolated deposit of the Reading Beds upon the chalk gives a clayey character to the parts of the wood in which the capture was made, some other parts being more or less sandy. When running, this species elevates the last three or four segments of the hind body slightly, much after the manner of Habrocerus, and its strong resemblance to a small Placusa is very striking.—H. G. Eniiman, Chesham, Bucks: January 17th, 1898. Andricus (Aphilotrix) corticis, L., and A. gemmatus, Adler.—I obtained galls of A. corticis from the bark of an oak in January, 1897; the flies emerged in April. I at once placed them on a young oak tree, when they began immediately to deposit eggs in the buds. On May 30th I could plainly detect the young galls of gemmatus, and on June 21st the flies began to appear and continued until the 27th, the males preceding the females by three days. The galls are formed on the petioles and 1898.] 41 young twigs, and cannot be distinguished from those of A. trilineatus—G..C. Bic- NELL, Stonehouse, Plymouth: December 25th, 1897. [This is a confirmation of a similar experiment by Adler.—Ebs. ]. Aculeate Hymenoptera at Stoborough Heath, Dorset.—I spent many days in August, 1895, and August, 1896, in hunting for Odynerus basalis, but without success. I easily fixed the spot where I captured the ? on July 24th, 1868; the surroundings have not altered in the least, even the tall clump of thistles grows exactly as it did on that memorable occasion, but the strikingly handsome wasp was not to be found ; no doubt in July one would have more chance of success. Stoborough Heath is a most attractive collecting ground, stretching almost from Wareham to Corfe, and though disappointed in the main object of my visit, the capture of such species as Methoca ichneumonides (in one instance the g was seen hovering low down and shadowing the ? as she ran along the sand—but was missed), Myrmosa melanocephala, Salius affinis, Nomada alboguttata, Andrena argentata, &c., made some slight amends. Bournemouth.—A week spent in August, 1896, to find Formica exsecta was equally unsuccessful. My previous visit dated back to 1868, and the improvements which have taken place since then are most depressing from an entomological point of view; the wild stretch of Hast Cliff, where ersecta nests were abundant in 1868, is now a worn out parade, the wild bit of heathy ground at the back of the old town, where exsecta was equally common, is now a Winter Garden, and the bank which that most tropical’ form of all our Aculeates, Humenes coarctata, used to frequent in numbers, is not to be fixed at all. Perhaps exsecéa still flourishes a little further out, but I was glad to move on to Stoborough.—G. A. James RoTHNey, 8, Versailles Road, Anerley: December 5th, 1897. Aculeate Hymenoptera at Newquay, North Cornwall_——Mr. Hdward Saunders (who with his usual kindness named my captures) thought that the following list of species taken at Newquay last August might be of interest to Hymenopterists. Newquay itself is not a very promising collecting ground: the golf links at Fistral Bay proved the most favoured spot, but any one who could visit Perran Porth in June or July;would, I feel convinced, obtain some very fine species ; at this village, situated about eight miles from Newquay, there are miles and miles of most glorious sandhills, with plenty of attractive vegetation, altogether forming an ideal collecting ground, especially for the fossorials. Unfortunately, on the two days I spent there the weather was windy and cold. At} Bedruthan Steps, a few miles from Newquay, when climbing up the cliff from the beach on August 8rd, the hottest day of last year, a wasp settled for a second on the face of the rock close by me, and then sailed backwards and forwards in a way there was no mistaking ; it was a black Rhynchium, and the size and purple shimmer of the wings recalled the Indian species metallicum. Before I could get out my net the prize had disappeared, and some hours of careful search were unsuccess- ful. I trust the next Hymenopterist who visits this wild and beautiful spot will be more fortunate, for I am as certain as any one can be, short of actual capture, that it was a true Rhynchium. D 42 (February, The following is a list of my captures :—Formica fusca, L.; Lasius niger, L. flavus, De G.; Myrmica scabrinodis, Nyl.; Z. flavus was most in evidence, but all ants were distinctly scarce, and the nests of even flavus few and far between ; Evagethes bicolor, Smith ; Salius affinis, v. d. L., g and 9, common in Fistral Bay, S. pusillus, Schiéd. ; Pompilus rufipes, L., pectinipes, v. d. L., plumbeus, Fab., niger, Fab., unguicularis, Thoms., chalybeatus, Schiéd. ; Ceropales maculata, Fab., common ; Tachytes pectinipes, L.; Ammophila sabulosa, Kirb., hirsuta, Scop.; Cerceris arenaria, L., 5-fasciata, Rossi; Odynerus parietinus, L., trimarginatus, Zett. ; Vespa sylvestris, Scop.; Sphecodes gibbus, L.; Prosopis hyalinata, Smith ; Halictus rubicundus, Chr., quadrinotatus, Kirb., tumulorum, L., villosulus, Kirb., cylindricus, Fab. ; Andrena pilipes, Fab.; Dasypoda hirtipes, Ltr. ; Megachile argentata, Fab., common, maritima, Kirb., common; Ce@liorys vectis, Curt., acuminata, Nyl.; Psithyrus campestris, Panz., rupestris, Fab.—Ip. Diptera taken in the New Forest.—In the December number of this Magazine I recorded some rare Diptera taken in this district during 1897, and now give a more general list of my captures, amongst which will again be found some good and rare species. Platyura marginata (1), Limnobia bifasciata (1), L. annulus (2), Tipula flavolineata (1 3), T. gigantea (2 8 & 3), Stratiomys potamida (5), Chry- sonotus bipunctatus (4 9), Sargus flavipes (1), Beris clavipes (3), B. vallata, B. ehalybeata, and Actina tibialis, Hematopota crassicornis (2), Atylotus fulvus (4), Labanus bovinus (2 8), Leptogaster cylindrica (4), Dioctria atricapilla, D. rufipes, and D. linearis (3) ; Thereva nobilitata (1), T. plebeia (1), Hmpis livida and Argyra diaphana (2); Cephalops pilosus (3), and five other species of Pipunculide, the names of which I have not yet ascertained for certain; Paragus tibialis, Chilosa flavicornis, Pyrophena ocymi (2), Platychirus angustatus (1), Syrphus umbellatarum (2), S. tricinctus, Myiolepta luteola, Baccha elongata, Brachyopa bicolor (2), Volu- cella inflata (4), Sericomyia borealis, swarming about the flowering rhododendrons, S. lapponi (3), Arctophila mussitans (2), Eristalis sepulchralis and Criorrhina ruficauda (8). I was fortunate in getting the last named, as I really arrived (second visit) only just in time, it having been on the wing more than a month. I took them all on May 8th in one spot of limited extent, and after this only saw one more on the 9th, which I failed to net. C. berberina (8) and C. floccosa (8), Xylota lenta (3), X. nemorum (1), Eumerus ornatus (2) and Conops vesicularis. Ceromasia stabulans (1), Eutachina rustica (1), Melanota volvulus (1), Degeeria convexifrons and D. spec.? (1 each), Wyobia fenestrata (1), Servillia lurida, S. ursina (5), Plagia ruralis (1), Bigonocheta spinipennis (1), Thryptocera pilipennis, Alophora hemiptera Trixa grisea (2), Cynomyia mortuorum (1). I have not met with the last species in the Forest before, and thought it was confined to coast districts. My specimen is a good deal worn, and was probably transported from Lymington in one of the many covered carts which pass my door, and flew into the garden on being disturbed. Nyctia halterata (1), Miltogramona punctata, Metopia campestris (3), M. leucoce- phala (2), Myiocera carinifrons, Hyetodesia leta (1), Spilogaster uliginosa (1), Pegomyia latitarsis, P. flavipes (2), Homalomyia Roserii, and Cenosia elegantula (2). Cordylura albipes (3), Limnia unguicornis, L. rufifrons (1), Elgiva dorsalis, Sepedon sphegeus (1), Chyliza leptogaster (4), Loxocera albiseta (2), Lissa loxocerina, Rivellia syngenesia (2), Trypeta onotrophes, Urophora cardui, Sphenella marginata 1898.] 43 (1), Carphotricha pupillata (1), Palloptera ustulata (8), Towoneura muliebris (4), Heteroneura albimana, Stomphastica flava (1 and 3, 1896), Séegana coleoptera (1), Phora flava (2), and P. maculuta (1). For introducing me to Z. annulus, M. luteola, B. bicolor and A. hemiptera, I am indebted to Col. Yerbury, and he also gave me a live specimen of Lipara lucens (N. F.), and two Eumerus sabulonum from Christchurch Bay.—Frep. C. ADAmMs, 68, St. Ermin’s Mansions, S.W., and Lyndhurst, Hants: January, 1898. Mites wanted !—Mr. A. D. Michael, of 9, Cadogan Mansions, Sloane Square, S.W., who is preparing a Monograph of the British Tyroglyphide (so-called “ cheese- mites”) for the Ray Society, would be obliged to any entomologists who will send him specimens of dry insects attacked by mites, with the mites on them, or mites picked off the insects. In every case the name of the insect should be given. If the mites are sent without the insect, and are not sent alive, they should be in dilute acetic acid, dilute alcohol, or dilute glycerine.—Eps. Review. REPORT OF THE GOVERNMENT ENTOMOLOGIST FOR THE YEAR 1896. Cape of Good Hope: by Cuas. P. Lounspury, B.Sc. 8vo, pp. 153, with one chromo- lith. plate and many illustrations in the text. Cape Town: W. A. Richards and Son. 1897. As the Cape Government Entomologist is an importation from the United States, it is quite in keeping that his Report should be drawn up on the American plan: and it would scarcely be possible to find a better. The majority of the insects treated on (chiefly Coccide) seem also to be importations, mostly from Europe. Judging from his Report, Cape Colony has few indigenous injurious insects, except migratory locusts. A feature in the work being done is the supervision exercised over importations of living plants, or fruits, from abroad, and this, with field work also, can scarcely be done single-handed. Obituary. George Henry Horn, U.D., President of the American Entomological Society, was born April 7th, 1840, in Philadelphia, and died November 24th, 1897, at Beesley’s Point, New Jersey. He graduated in medicine in 1861, and from 1862 to 1866 was surgeon in the U. S. army. Subsequently he established himself as a physician in Philadelphia, and had an extensive practice. Before he graduated he published on recent and fossil corals, but eventually turned his attention entirely to North American Coleoptera, as a pupil of, and fellow-worker with, Leconte, until the death of the latter in 1883, and afterwards on his own account. It has been said that if the death of Leconte was a severe blow to North American Coleopterology, that of Horn is probably greater. His first entomological paper was published in 1860, and was followed by others (jointly or separately) to the number of about 150, appearing almost entirely in America, but he worked out the Hucnemide for the “ Biologia Centrali-Americana.” He visited Europe on several occasions, and was not unknown at the meetings of the Entomological Society of London. His collections, and a sum of money, have been left to the American Entomological D2 4,4, (February, Society, of which he had been long President. He was a systematist of the highest order, judging beetles as he found them, and probably caring little for the speculative side of the subject. For much of the information in the foregoing short notice we are indebted to our excellent American contemporary “ Psyche.” George Christopher Dennis, F.E.S., died almost suddenly at York on December 22nd, at the age of 49 years: he was born March 11th, 1848. The earlier part of the previous day he had spent in setting exotic (or Huropean) butterflies ; then went out in his usual health and spirits to distribute the Christmas dole in connection with one of the York charities, and whilst thus engaged in the Vestry of the Church he attended, was seized with a stroke, became unconscious almost immediately, and died soon afterwards. When quite young he became connected with a well known north of England firm, eventually becoming partner in the business, from whieh about two years ago he retired, to devote his time to natural history, gardening, fishing, and other outdoor pursuits. He was best known, and for many years, as & Lepidopterist, and in the pursuit of his favourite study it was his delight to make distant and lengthened excursions to localities in various parts of the country. Quite recently be had taken up the study of the Neuroptera and Trichoptera with the intention of forming a collection for the York Museum, in which institution he took great interest, and to which we believe he has left his collection of insects. At the time of his death he was (and had held the office for a number of years previously) President of the York and District Naturalists Society ; he was also on the Council of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society ; was a member of the Yorkshire Naturalists Union, in which he formerly took active interest, holding office as Secre- tary of the Entomological section, but the presidency of which, though repeatedly offered to him, he always refused. He joined the Entomological Society of London in 1892. Mr. Dennis has left a widow, but no family.—G. T. P. Societies. BIRMINGHAM HNToOMOLOGICAL SociETY: November 15th, 1897.—Mr. G. T. Betuune-BakeER, President, in the Chair. Apropos of Mr. G. H. Kenrick’s paper on Mimiery at the last meeting of the Society, the following examples of cases of mimicry were shown :—By Mr. R. C. Bradley, Volucella bombylans, with both its forms and the Bombi they resemble, B. lapidarius and terrestris ; and V. inanis, with its host, Vespa erabro, which it also closely resembles. Mr. C. J. Wainwright, a number of examples amongst Diptera, arranged in groups, showing various species mimicking Apis mellifica; another lot showing a general wasp-like type; another lot closely resembling Bombus mus- corum, &c. Myr. A. H. Martineau, a number of similar insects; Chzlosia flavicornis, with an Andrena, with which it flies in the spring, when few other large insects are about, and which it very closely resembles; Arctophila mussitans and Criorrhina oxyacanthe, both of which, the former especially, so closely resemble Bombus mus- corum as to constantly deceive the collector; Merodon equestris, which not only resembles Anthophora furcata in appearance, but flies in exactly the same manner, and has a similar and very characteristic high pitched note ; he also showed the species of Psithyrus, with their hosts, Bombus lapidarius and terrestris 9, a more 1898.] 45 interesting and decided case of mimicry, the parasites resembling their hosts very closely, undoubtedly for protection, and probably to enable them to enter the nests of their hosts unobserved, as their entrance is frequently disputed when detected. Mr. G. T. Bethune-Baker showed a species of Arhopala, most of which genus are quite typical Lycsenids, which mimicked undoubtedly Danis apollonius, a widely different and somewhat aberrant Lycenid.—C. J. WAInwri@ut, Hon. Sec. Tue SoutH Lonpon EntomotogicaL AND Natura History SociEty: December 9th, 1897.—Mr. R. ApDKIN, F.E.N., President, in the Chair. Col. Partridge exhibited specimens of Ephyra trilinearia: (1) Female parent, typical ; (2) Specimen of brood from above, dwarfed, very red, and annulated ; (38) Specimens of same brood which stood over in pupal stage. The last were not so red, nor dwarfed, and the annulated spots could only just be traced. Mr. McArthur, a box of varieties captured or bred this year, including Arctia Caja, yellow; Abraxas grossulariata, radiated and coalescent; Bombyx rubi, with the transverse lines lighter and wider than usual, and others. Mr. Mera, a box of Abraxas grossu- lariata, bred at Forest Gate in 1897, separable into two distinct groups, a light and a dark one. Mr. Montgomery, specimens of Smerinthus ocellatus and Cossus ligni- perda, which had been extremely affected by grease, and which were admirably cleansed, even to the fringes of the abdomen, by the use of benzine collas and a blowpipe. Mr. Clark, a photo-micrograph of a mite, which, with others, he had found on a humble bee. Mr. Adkin, series of Epione parallelaria (vespertaria) from Sutherland, and specimens of Abraxas grossulariata, where the usually yellow mark- ings were of a dull ochreous. They were bred by the Rev. Joseph Greene, of Clifton. Mr. Step, specimens of eight species of swimming crab, chiefly of the genus Portunus, and made remarks on their habits, relationships, and occurrence ; he also exhibited specimens of the hermit crab, which he had found in holes in rocks. Rev. Joseph Greene sent drawings of some seventy varieties of d4braras grossulariata bred during the last six years near Bristol, and communicated notes on the same. Mr. Turner, eight species of the genus Libythea, and read notes on their relationships, characteristics, and distribution. It was announced that Part I of the Proceedings was published, and ready for distribution.—Hy. J. Turner, Hon. Secretary. EntomotoaicaL Society or Lonpon—Sixty-Firrh ANnnuAaL MEETING: January 19th, 1898.—Mr. R. Trimen, F.R.S., President, in the Chair. It was announced that the following had been elected as Officers and Council for the Session 1898-99 :—President, Mr. R. Trimen, F.R.S.; Treasurer, Mr. R. McLachlan, F.R.S.; Secretaries, Messrs. W. F. H. Blandford, M.A., F.Z.S., and F. Merrifield ; Librarian, Mr. G. C. Champion, F.Z.S.; and as other Members of the Council, Sir G. F. Hampson, Bart., B.A., Dr. T. A. Chapman, M.D., and Messrs. W. Bateson, M.A., F.R.S., M. Jacoby, A. H. Jones, P. B. Mason, F.L.S., O. Salvin, M.A., F.R.S., J. W. Tutt, G. H. Verrall, and C. O. Waterhouse. The President appointed Sir G. F. Hampson and Messrs. McLachlan and Verrall Vice-Presidents for the Session. An address by the President was read. Lord Walsingham proposed and Mr. Godman seconded a vote of thanks to the President, who replied. Prof. Poulton proposed and Col. Yerbury seconded a vote of thanks to the other Officers. Messrs. McLachlan and Blandford replied, and the meeting terminated.—W. F. H. Buanp- FORD, Hon. Secretary. 46 [ February, SOME NEW SPECIES OF TRICHOPTERA BELONGING TO THE EUROPEAN FAUNA, WITH NOTES ON OTHERS. BY ROBERT McLACHLAN, F.R.S8., &c. The following descriptions, &c., and the figures that accompany them, were mostly written and drawn some years ago, and formed part of materials accumulated for a “Second Additional Supplement” to my “Revision and Synopsis; but having been compelled to relinquish camera lucida drawing, the proposed second supplement had to be abandoned. It is, however, advisable, for several reasons, that the descriptions of the new species should appear, not the least of which is that the types were returned to their owners with MS. names attached: moreover, I recently saw one of the species here described figuring in a trade catalogue under the name originally bestowed, but not, until now, published. Reference is several times made to Albarda’s collection. It is well known that my esteemed correspondent, Mr. H. Albarda, was compelled, owing to failing eyesight, to give up the study of entomo- logy, and that he generously presented his collections to the Leyden Museum, where they now are. LIMNOPHILUS PONTICUS (n. sp.). Head and thorax above dull ochreous; hairs yellow; orbits of ocelli blackish ; posterior warts very large, oval, transverse; a fine median impressed longitudinal line, which is sometimes blackish. Antenne brownish-testaceous, with paler annu- lations. Palpi and legs yellowish, the latter with black spines; coxe, femora, and sides of thorax occasionally fuscescent. Abdomen fuscescent (greenish in life P) ; the margins of the segments (especially beneath), the lateral lines, and the terminal segment, paler. Anterior-wings long and rather narrow, gradually dilated to the apex, which is not very sharply truncate ; pale greyish, clothed (but not densely) with pale golden pubescence mixed (microscopically) with blackish, without markings of any kind, but there are sometimes indications (hardly visible) of paler irrorations ; thyridium and arculus whitish transparent; neuration fine, pale testaceous, with sparse, short, blackish hairs, which become stronger and testaceous on the postcosta and its basal branches; no “beard” on the 1st apical sector in the g ; discoidal cell longer than its footstalk, all the apical cellules broad at the base. Posterior- wings hyaline, iridescent, pterostigmatic region slightly tinged with yellowish ; neuration pale tescaceous ; discoidal cell shorter and broader than in the anterior, much shorter than its footstalk ; upper branch of cubitus furcating on a level with the commencement of the discoidal cell, or slightly after. In the ¢ the last dorsal segment is rather thickly covered with small tubercles, whence arise long pale hairs ; its margin is deeply excised if viewed in front, and on either side is a large swollen projection densely covered with short black sete, leaving the excision between them pale. Superior appendages concealed in the cavity of the apex, broadly ear-shaped. Intermediate appendages likewise concealed, broad 1898.| 47 at the base, triangular, the produced apices black. Side-pieces of the 9th ventral segment moderate. Inferior appendages large, directed upward, the base broad, yellow, and furnished with very long black hairs, the outer apical edge produced upwardly into a somewhat long, black, nearly uncinate spine. Penis sheaths (unexserted) short and broad, and between them in the slender penis which about equals them in length, all being testaceous. No ventral teeth. In the 2 the 9th dorsal segment is rather broad, its outer margin triangularly produced at the apex, on either side of which are placed the broad, rounded, hairy appendages. Tubular piece projecting slightly beyond the appendages, broad, con- cave above, its outer edge slightly truncate and finely black. Side-pieces of 9th ventral segment excised. Vulvar-scale with broad side lobes, which are rounded externally, straight internally, and arcuate at the apex; the middle lobe scarcely longer, elongately triangular. No ventral teeth. Length of body, ¢,8:—to 9 mm., 2?,7—9 mm. Expanse, ¢, 23—24 mm., ? , 20—23 mm. Asia Minor (Amasia, Staudinger, 2 9 in my collection) ; Meso- potamia (Malatia, 3 ¢,1 9, in Albarda’s collection; 1 ¢ generously presented to me). The examples from Amasia are those alluded to in “ Revision and Synopsis,’ Supplement, Pt. 11, p. xx (at bottom of page). Having now seen the 3, it appears to me that the affinities of the species are with Z. extricatus (especially the anal structure of the ¢), notwith- standing that the pale colours show more resemblance to L. luridus. I think it should follow or precede extricatus, especially as the strong resemblance of hirsutus to extricatus is more a case of analogy than of affinity. Fig. 1, ouee of aaa oe rom side; 2, same beneath; 3, same of 9 from above; 4, same LIMNOPHILUS CENTRALIS, Curt., var. 1raLicus, McLach., First Add. Suppl., p. 6.—I have seen a further 9? of this form, from Vallombrosa, Central Italy (A. Costa). It is of large size (expanse, 265 mm.), much larger than any example I possess of the type-form, and the anterior-wings are strongly marked with fuscous, including a well- defined pterostigmatic spot, which is unusual in the type-form. Upon comparing this ? with that previously noticed, and also with the same sex of the type-form, I find differences in the anal parts equivalent to those that exist in the ¢, so that it is probable this Central Italian form represents a good species (italicus) rather than a variety, but it is desirable to see more materials, especially from Southern Italy. In the 9 the tubular piece, viewed from above, is nearly obsolete, leaying a nearly circular concave disc, the side plates of which are swollen and hairy, and 48 [February, 1898. Simnoph. fonticus. ->S =a | Serie. flavicorne, Serie meso ofamicum. Aer. Selysi- MAR 19 1882 March, 1898. ] 49 having their angles (viewed laterally) only very slightly produced into a small tooth, ‘the structure being analogous to that existing in the type-form, but the open disc is much larger, and the production of its side-pieces very much less. Fig. 1, apex of abdomen of @ from above; 2, same from side. SERICOSTOMA FLAVICORNE, Rev. and Synops., p. 230, Suppl., p. xlviii, and First Add. Suppl., p. 20.—I am of opinion that examples in Albarda’s collection (whereof he presented me with one ¢) from Beirut, Syria, certainly pertain here. The penis-sheaths (see figure) show an approach towards a condition sometimes present in S. perso- natum, and it is probable that the species should more immediately follow it. The antenne are slightly annulate. I have a note that in the 2 the anterior wings are wholly cinereous with blackish fringes, in which is a whitish spot at the termination of the 7th apical sector. There now seems no reason to doubt its distinctness from 8. Schnerdert. Srricosroma Sezystt, Rev. and Synop., p. 231; First Add. Suppl. p. 20.—I have seen in Albarda’s collection 4 ¢ and 1 9 of this from San Ildefonso, Spain (E. Pictet’s locality). The species (or “ form ”’) is near S. Schneideri, and differs chiefly therefrom in the antenne, which are darker and much more distinctly annulate. I give a figure of a penis-sheath. SERICOSTOMA MESOPOTAMICUM (n sp.). Of the group of turbatum. Antenne blackish-fuscous, not very distinctly annu- late with greyish-yellow. Hairs of head and prothorax almost wholly black (there are indications of a slight admixture of reddish-golden). Maxillary palpi of g very prominent (the internal “fluff” nearly white). Labial palpi blackish, but the terminal joint dingy yellowish. Legs bright yellow, the femora tinged with fusces- cent. Wings (2) clothed with black pubescence. In the ¢ the anal parts are yellow (the inferior appendages clothed with black hairs). Penis sheaths (see figure) remarkable for the disproportion in the length of the branches, the lower being only one-third the length of the upper; both branches are stout, the upper slightly upturned at the apex. Expanse, 6, 22—25 mm. Mesopotamia (Malatia, 4 ¢, Albarda’s and my collection). A very distinct form, in consequence of the great disproportion of the two branches of the penis-sheaths. A very black species, allied to Selysiz and Schneider: by the annulate antenne. SERICOSTOMA SUBHQUALE (“. sp.). It seems to me that the examples from North Italy and South Tyrol alluded to at p. 21 of the First Add. Suppl. under §. pedemon- tanum, and of which three figures (20 to 22) were given on PI. ii in D 50 (March, connection with that species, should be considered to have claim to specific rank and a name. The designation above given has reference to the sub-equal condition of the branches of the penis-sheaths, which is the most salient character. SCHIZOPELEX FESTIVA, Rev. and Synop., p. 235, and S. eransa, p. 236, and First Add. Suppl., p. 23.—I am now quite confirmed in an opinion I have long held to the effect that granje is only a colour- condition of festiva, in which the anterior-wings are wholly yellow. In Albarda’s collection there exist from San Ildefonso (B. Pictet’s locality) several examples of typical festiva and two of the yellow form. There is apparently no structural difference whatever in these two forms. It is singular that nearly all the numerous examples from Portugal examined by me (ef. First Add. Suppl., p. 23) pertain to the unicolorous yellow condition, and that, as I now see, not one of them is a typical festiva, although some few are intermediate. S. granje must sink as a species, though it may be retained as a varietal name for the unicolourous yellow condition. Siro GraEsi, Rev. and Synop., p. 249, and Suppl., p. lu.—A 6 from San Ildefonso, Spain, in Albarda’s collection, quite agrees with those previously seen, but there is a small triangular apical ventral lobe, which in all probability is retracted in the other examples. THREMMA GALLICUM, Rev. and Synop., Suppl., p. lvii1.—From San Ildefonso, Spain (Albarda’s collection), I have seen two ¢ that I incline to refer here, but the penis is not strongly exserted as is the case in the Pyreneean types. There is no ventral tooth, the presence of which is insisted upon by Brauer in the type of Lh. anomalum (Z. c.), so they cannot pertain to that species. CYRNUS INSOLUTUS. Philopotamus urbanus, Ramb., Névrop., p. 503, nec Pict. C. inso- lutus, McLach., Rev. and Synopsis, 406, pl]. xiii, fig. 1, neuration (1878). ©. fenestratus, Ris, Mitth. schw. ent. Gesell., ix, p. 53 (1893). Fuscous. Head and pronotum clothed with golden-grey hairs, which become almost whitish between the antenne, and fuscous on the sides of the pronotum. Antenne strong, distinctly crenate within after the basal third, the joints strong, separated (almost moniliform) ; fuscous, but nearly the basal half of each joint is whitish-yellow, so that they are sharply annulate. Palpi fuscescent, clothed with grey hairs. Legs dingy testaceous; tibie and tarsi fuscescent externally (the latter slightly annulate), and clothed with grey hairs. Anterior-wings elongate, with pale grey membrane, very strongly and uniformly clothed with golden-grey pubescence, 1898.] 51 strongly intermingled with fuscous (but not irrorated with spots) ; the usual whitish spots on the transverse nervules are large and distinct, and there are other large pale spots in the membrane, especially towards the middle of the inner margin and at the base of the apical cellules; fringes dark greyish-fuscous ; neuration as detailed at p. 406. Posterior-wings dark smoky-grey, with concolorous fringes and fuscescent neuration. In the g the anal parts resemble those of C. flavidus rather than those of C. trimaculatus. The dorsal plate is subquadrate, with its apical margin deeply excised, leaving the outer angles rounded, and there are (apparently) none of the intermediate appendages and sheaths so prominent in C. trimaculatus. Also the superior appendages are quite as large as the inferior, therefore much as in C. flavidus. In the 2 the anal parts appear to be much as in C. trimaculatus. Expanse, $,12mm.; 9, 12—15 mm. (Rambur’s type, ? , expands only 12 mm.). France (Paris, Rambur, 1 2? type in De Sely’s collection; 1 ¢, 19, P. Mabille, the G is from Meudon, near Paris, 22nd June). Switzerland (Katzensee, fis, 31st July). Having been able to compare Rambur’s type ? with the ¢ col- lected by Mabille, I feel sure they are specifically identical, and that a larger 2 taken by Mabille also belongs here. I also feel sure that insolutus is a good species. At first sight it might be passed over as a variety of trimaculatus, in which the irrorations of the wings were absent, but the numerous transparent spots in the membrane (which show through the pubescence if the wings be held against the light), the neuration, and the anal parts (especially) differ ; in the anal parts there is some amount of resemblance to flavidus, but all other charac- ters differ ; finally, in the presence of the numerous pale spots in the membrane there is resemblance to erenaticornis, but in no other point, for crenaticornis is a very delicate pale species, with the antenne strongly crenate for nearly their whole length. It will have been seen (Rev. and Synopsis, p. 407) that I was formerly not inclined to place much stress upon Rambur’s words, “paraissant avoir de petites marques plus pales vars le milieu et sur l’extremité” of the wings, but viewed in the light of further materials these words had greater significance. Dr. Ris’s description is very full, and is accompanied by figures of the wings and appendages of the 3; he generously presented me with a series of types, which are darker than the Parisian examples. RHYACOPHILA APPENNINA (”. sp.). Of Division A, and may provisionally be placed in the Group of Hageni. In general form similar to the Group of intermedia, and also to that of torren- B 2 52 [March, tium, &c. Head, prothorax, and antenne pale, the latter only slightly darker at the sutures of the joints. The vague markings of the anterior-wings approach those of rupta and others; the pale dorsal blotch tolerably distinct. Anal parts pale yellow. In the ¢ the dorsal process is elongate-oblong in form, slightly narrowed towards the base, the apex broadly truncate, nearly straight. The lateral lobes small, hairy. Immediately beneath the dorsal process is a deeply furcate process. Inferior appendages very large, the basal joint broad (viewed laterally) ; second joint almost two-branched, the upper short and broad, obtuse at the apex, the lower broad, but much produced, and also obtuse, the upper edge of this joint forming a deep excision between the two branches. Lower penis-cover deeply concave. Penis small (uncertain without dissecting the example), not produced. Sheaths in the form of two short straight spines, each of which has nearly straight bristles at its apex. Tooth of the 7th ventral segment nearly obsolete. ? unknown. Length of body, 10 mm. Expanse, 32 mm. Central Italy (Vallombrosa, Costa, 1 g in the Naples Museum). Once again it may be said that the species of Rhyacophila are endless! And in the present instance we have to deal with a species that has apparently no very close allies, and of large size. In the form of the dorsal process there is some analogy with rectispina. The second joint of the inferior appendages has some resemblance to that of evoluta, also to that of Hageni and obliterata. The short penis- sheaths with bristles at the tips are suggestive of the Group of Hageni, but the other inner anal parts do not accord therewith (so far as can be made out without dissection). The discovery of the ? might serve to define the position. Fig. 1, apex of abdomen of ¢ from side; 2, the same above; 3, apex of furcate process beneath the dorsal process, ahove. Lewisham, London: September, 1897. SOME REMARKS ON THE BAGOUS LUTOSUS, Gy11., AND B. GLABRIROSFRIS, Hersst (LUTULENTUS, Gytt.), OF BRITISH COLLECTIONS. BY @G@. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. There is a good deal of confusion regarding these two species, the only representatives of the genus on our list with dilated and bilobed 8rd tarsal joint (apart from B. alismatis, Marsh.), in British collections. All the specimens I have seen as yet (including those of Stephens and Power) doing duty for B. lutosus are either B. glabriros- tris, of which a large well-marked form occurs in the south of England, or B. binodulus, Herbst. It is, therefore, highly probable that all the 1898.] 53 British records of B. Jufosus are incorrect. The characters used by Thomson and Bedel to distinguish these species are somewhat con- tradictory ; Bedel, moreover, placing particular stress upon the coarser sculpture of B. glabrirostris, a peculiarity not mentioned by Thomson. Both authors, however, mention the beak-like posterior prolongation of the elytra in B. Jutosus,and by this character alone the two species may be readily distinguished: B. glabrirostris having the elytra abruptly declivous and much more obtuse behind, their general shape thus being more quadrate. Thomson separated from B. lutosus a smaller form under the name B caudatus, Th., and from B. lutulentus a form with black tarsi, B. nigritarsis, Th.; but his species have not been accepted by subsequent writers. He groups them by the following characters :— Elytra with the interstices flat, equal, the suture elevated posteriorly ; the apex acute, inflexed, and rostrute. Legs rufous......... lutosus, Gyll., caudatus, Th. Elytra with the alternate interstices raised, the suture not elevated posteriorly ; the apex inflexed and scarcely rostrate ; the 3rd interstice with a white spot a little beyond the middle, the 5th callous posteriorly... lutulentus, Gyll., nigritarsis, Th. Bedel (Faune Col. Bassin de la Seine, vi, p. 106) separates the two species thus : — Hind body attenuated in a rather long beak. Sculpture finer; granules of the elytra more numerous, usually 4X4 upon the base of the Ist interstice ; 3rd interstice not raised, with a yellowish badly-defined spot... lutosus, Gyll. Hind body somewhat abruptly declivous behind. Sculpture coarser; granules of the elytra less numerous, usually 3X3 upon the base of the 1st inter- stice ; 3rd interstice with a whitish, well-defined spot. Tarsi sometimes black (var. nigritarsis, Th.), sometimes red... glabriostris, Herbst (lutulentus, Gyll.). The large form of B. glabrirostris—of which I have seen about a dozen examples, including one from Merton in the Power collection (captured in July, 1864, with a number of the smaller form), several in Mr. W. H. Bennett’s collection, all from Pevensey or Rye, and one captured by myself at Sandown, in June, 1888—seems to be quite constant, and to differ from typical specimens in the relatively longer tarsi ; it has the tarsi constantly reddish. The specimen representing B. lutosus in Mr. S. Stevens’s collection is larger and more robust than any of these; but if the shape of the apex of the elytra is to be relied upon as a specific character, the insect must be referred to B. glabrirostris. The small form of B. glabrirostris is sometimes common where it 54, ‘March, occurs, and I have seen long series of it from Merton (Power), Camber and Pevensey (W. H. Bennett), &c., as well as from Armagh (Johnson). Of B. nigritarsis, Thoms. (= binotatus and tibialis, Steph.), I possess numerous examples captured by myself at Sandown in June, 1888, and others from Barnes; it has been found by Mr. Johnson at Armagh, by Mr. S. Stevens at Hammersmith, and by Mr. Bennett at Pevensey, and specimens of it are to be found in most collections, including that of Stephens. This insect is usually regarded as a variety of B. glabrirostris, but is perhaps distinct, the tarsi and an- tennz being piceous or black, and the sculpture coarser. It may be noted that B. glabrirostris is known to.be a very variable species on the continent, and has numerous synonyms. I am indebted to Prof. C. G. Thomson, of Lund, for typical examples of B. lutosus, B. lutulentus, and B. nigritarsis for examina- tion. Of the first mentioned there is also a specimen from Gyllenhal in the British Museum, and Mr. J. J. Walker has sent me two of it from Besika Bay. Horsell, Woking : February 1st, 1898. ON THE OCCURRENCE IN SPAIN OF LYCHNA (TARUCUS) THEOPHRASTUS, Faz... A BUTTERFLY NEW TO THE FAUNA OF EUROPE. BY PERCY H. GRIMSHAW, F.E.S8, Natural History Department, Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art. Among a collection of insects from Spain, recently acquired by the Edinburgh Museum of Science and Art, are five butterflies of exceptional interest, inasmuch as they represent a species which does not appear to have been hitherto recorded as occurring in Europe. The species in question is Lycena (Tarucus) Theophrastus, Fab., and considering that all the insects in this collection were captured by my friend Mr. John Gray himself, from whom we received them direct, there can be no possible doubt of their Spanish origin. The five specimens of this beautiful little butterfly are all males, and were obtained in the summer of 1897 in the neighbourhood of Aguilas, a town on the Mediterranean coast, about 40 miles west of Cartagena. The only European species with which the present one could possibly be confounded is Z. baleaniea, Frr , which is a native of 8. E. Europe (Sicily and Dalmatia to the Caucasus), Asia Minor and Persia. From this it differs in the following respects:—size rather larger, — 1898.] 55. measuring in expanse of wings about 22 mm.; upper surface of male of a somewhat brighter blue, with only a single discal spot on the fore-wings and a much narrower black hind margin in both wings ; under surface with the black markings much more distinct, especially those of the fore-wings; hind-wings with a row of distinct and well defined black spots running parallel to the hind margin, as in balcanica, but the spots are somewhat larger ; the black line immediately interior to these, which in balcanica is pretty continuous, is in the present species more or less broken up into lunate or subquadrate spots ; the spots about the middle of the wing much more irregular and not forming such regular lines as in baleanica. Lycena Theophrastus is fairly widely distributed in North Africa, as will be seen below. Mr. J. J. Walker, RN., in an interesting paper, entitled, “ Notes on Lepidoptera from the Straits of Gibraltar,” published in the Transactions of the Entomological Society of London for 1890, says (p. 365), “Among the butterflies . . . Lycena Theophrastus, F. (etc., etc.) . . . appear to be confined to the. Maroccan portion of the region,” and again, on p. 373, he says that he can find no previous record from Maroceo. In regard to the latter statement I may point out that the species was originally described (female sex only) by Fabricius from that country. In conclusion, it may be interesting to give a brief summary of the extra-European localities recorded for this butterfly,and considering the wide distribution of the species here shown, the present extension of its range does not seem so very striking after all. The following are the records referred to :— Marocco: Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iii, p. 281, n. 82 (1793). AtgeriA: Lucas, Exploration Scientifique de l Algérie, t. iii, Lépidoptéres, Paris (1848) ; Lang, Butterflies of Europe, p. 140 (1884) ; Constantine, Sebdou, Biskra, Collo, Nemours, Oran, &c., Rihl, Die Palearktischen Grosschmetter- linge, pp. 227 and 749 (1895). Tunis: Rihl, op. cit., p. 749. BarBary and Eayrr: Godart, Encycl. Méthodique, ix, p. 658, n. 139 (1828 ?). SoMALI-LAND: Butler, P. Z. S., 1885, p. 764; Sharpe, P. Z. S., 1896, pp. 524 & 533. Arabia: Lahej, Aden, Butler, P. Z. S., 1884, p. 484. Inp1a: India, Kanara and N. India, Horsfield and Moore, Cat. Lep. Mus. E. I. C., vol. i, p. 25 (1857) ; Bengal, Moore, P. Z. S., 1865, p. 772; Mhow, Butler, P. Z. 8., 1883, p. 148, and Swinhoe, P. Z. S., 1886, p. 428; North Sind, Sukkur, Shikarpore, Swinhoe, P. Z. S., 1884, p. 506; Poona and Bombay, Swinhoe, P. Z. S., 1885, p. 134; Haldwani, at foot of Kumaon Hills, Doherty, Journ. As. Soc. Beng., vol. lv, pt. 2, pp. 112 and 132 (1886). Czyton: Moore, Lep. Ceylon, vol. i, p. 81, pl. xxxvi, fig. 3 (1881). Edinburgh : February, 1898. 56 TMarch, COLEOPTERA IN FLOOD RUBBISH IN THE ISLE OF SHEPPEY. BY J. J. WALKER, R.N., F.L.S. Monday, November 29th, 1897, will long be memorable here as the date of one of the greatest disasters which has befallen Sheerness and the Isle of Sheppey during the last century at least; though there is a tradition of a similar catastrophe, of equal magnitude, having taken place about ninety years ago. On that day a severe northerly gale caused the afternoon tide to rise seven or eight feet above its normal level, accompanied by a heavy sea even in the sheltered waters of the estuary of the Medway. Our clay-built sea walls, which were much cracked and fissured by the prolonged dry weather, fairly melted away before the rising waters in many places, and through the breaches thus formed vast volumes of sea water poured over our meadows and pasture lands. Some thousands of acres, com- prising practically the whole of the low-lying part of the Isle of Sheppey, were thus inundated in a few hours, and four-fifths of the town of Sheerness was laid under water from one to three feet deep. My own house was invaded by the flood, and I was barely in time to remove my collections and other valuables from the ground floor to a place of safety. As one result of the deluge, almost every beetle on the Sheppey marshes must have been served with an unceremonious “ notice to quit’ its winter quarters; and the profusion of insect life in the “flood rubbish ” which the waters have left behind in quite embarassing quantity, is such as I have rarely, if ever, seen before. Two or three small bags of siftings, which were brought home for leisurely exami- nation, teemed to such an extent with creeping things, that I was perforce obliged to conduct the inspection of the stuff out of doors. Even now, after a lapse of six weeks, the rubbish still repays exami- nation, though most of the better species have gone out of it. As may be imagined, the majority of the Coleoptera were of the commonest description, and very few were new to the Sheppey list; but a good many interesting species (and even such bulky forms as Carabus, Dytiscus, Hydrophilus, Geotrupes, &c.) were found among the mass. Some species which I had fully expected to meet with, such as Aniso- dactylus peciloides, Stenolophus elegans, &c., failed to put in an appearance, and the genus Bagéus (several members of which are so plentiful in our ditches) was represented by a solitary example of B. argillaceus. Perhaps the most interesting find was Amara strenua, which was unfortunately very rare. There is a fine-series of this 1898.] 57 extremely loca] insect from the Isle of Sheppey in the Power Col- lection, taken in 1857—8 (¢f. Entom. Annual, 1858, p. 53); I have reason to believe that these were obtained in a spot which has long ago been built upon, and no further examples appear to have been found here until the present record. A good many species were most readily obtained, in bare sandy or clayey spots free from grass, by rolling back the stuff and closely examining the ground beneath ; in this way I found Acheniwm humile, hitherto scarce in Sheppey, in very large numbers, and Polystichus vittatus on Christmas Day, when the rubbish was thickly covered with hoar frost. Among the large number of species taken the following are perhaps worthy of record :— Dyschirius salinus and eneus, Licinus silphoides, and Stenolophus consputus, all scarce. Harpalus rubripes (not previously noticed by me in Sheppey), attenuatus and depressus, the two latter not uncommon. Plerostichus picimanus, common, and inequalis, in great profusion, a reddish variety of the latter species, quite hard and mature, occurring frequently. ‘Thirteen species of the genus Amara were met with, of which the best were convexiuscula, ovata, communis, lunicollis, all more or less common; lucida, very plentiful; strenua, three or four examples only, and a few plebeia. Bembidium riparium, assimile, minimum, normannum, and ephippium, all fairly common. Trechus secalis, new to Sheppey, very sparingly. Dromius nigri- ventris, abundant. Polystichus vittatus, a few specimens in a large accumulation of rubbish barely half a mile out of the town. Cnemidotus impressus, rather common ; Agabus conspersus, a few, and Rhantus notatus, fairly plentiful. Dytiscus cireum- flexus and Hydrophilus piceus, one or two of each. Hydrobius oblongus, Philhydrus maritimus, and Helochares punctatus, all three common; Helophorus intermedius, scarce. Ocypus morio (small form), ater, and Philonthus intermedius, occasional. Xantholinus tricolor, a few; Ackenium depressum, two specimens only, and humile, locally very abundant. Cryptobium fracticorne, Bledius tricornis and spectabilis, sparingly. Agathidium marginatum, common; Choleva angustata, nigrita, &e. Hister quadrimaculalus (formerly common in Sheppey, but not seen alive by me since 1874), neglectus, and bisserstriatus, a few of each; Carcinops (Kissister) minima, Coccidula scutellata, and Scymnus testaceus (Mulsanti, Wat.), occasionally met with. Syncalypta hirsuta, very plentiful and in fine clean condition ; Hetero- cerus obsoletus, marginatus, and levigatus. Aphodius consputus,common. Throscus obtusus,a few specimens. Cassida sanguinolenta (new to Sheppey), vittata (oblonga, Ill.), nobilis, and obsoleta, all rare. Anthicus humilis and instabilis, in numbers. Apion laevicolle, Schénherri, limonii, pubescens, &c. Strophosomus faber, scarce ; Hypera murina, very common; Lrirrhinus scirpi, Thryogenes nereis and scirrhosus, searce. Bagius argillaceus, one very fresh specimen only; Ceuthorrhynchidius frontalis, a few. Amalus hemorrhous, Litodactylus leucogaster, and Phytobius notula, two or three specimens of each species. 23, Ranelagh Road, Sheerness : January 10th, 1897. 08 { March, NOTES ON THE GENUS CHLORIONA, Fisser; WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES. BY JAMES EDWARDS, F.E.S. In the course of a recent review of my material in this genus I found that we have in this country a third species, which has not, so far as 1 know, hitherto been recognised ; and also that one of our two known species has been wrongly identified. The object of these notes is to put matters straight with regard to our native species, and with the view of rendering them more useful, I have included a notice of all the described European species. No species of this section of the old genus Delphax appears to have been known to the Rev. T. A. Marshall at the date of his “ Essay towards a knowledge of British Homoptera” (Ent. Mo. Mag., ser. i, vol. 1, p. 199, Feb., 1865); but Scott (op. cit., ser. i, vol. vii, p. 25, July, 1870) introduced two species, the macropterous males of which he distinguished as follows :— | Greenish-grey ; abdomen black, genital segment yellowish-white... smaragdula, Stal. Green ; abdomen and genital segment black ....................-5- unicolor, H.-S. I have not seen any of Scott’s specimens, and the above parti- culars do not, unfortunately, enable one to decide with certainty what species he had before him. In my Synopsis of British Homoptera-Cicadina Elen. Ent. Soe. Lond., 1886, p. 58) I dealt with the two British species then known to me, retaining the names used by Scott, and separating them by the characters employed by J. Sahlberg, and so the matter remained. The species resemble one another very much in facies, and Dr. Melichar (Cicadinen von Mittel-EKuropa, 1896, p. 63) says that they are only to be distinguished from each other by the form of the face. The differences in the proportions of the face, however, are, for ine, very difficult to appreciate, and in practice I find that characters taken from the male genitalia are much more satisfactory ; this seems also to have been the experience of Fieber. As the male anal tube in particular affords more prominent cha- racters than usual, it is necessary that its structure should be thoroughly understood; and the fact that it is capable of considerable vertical motion must be borne in mind. It is furnished on each side of its lower edge with a large pointed tooth, which is always more or less cephalad in direction, and in most species, when the posterior face of the anal tube is vertical, lies parallel to the long axis of the body, and 1898.] 59 consequently is invisible in the cephalad aspect of the specimen. The only exception to this formation at present known to me occurs in C. prasinula, in which the teeth are decumbent as well as divergent, and therefore are always visible in the cephalad aspect of the specimen, at least in their distal half. It frequently happens that the anal tube is raised, so that its posterior face is horizontal, in which case, of course, the teeth are quite exposed. The function of these teeth appears to be that of keeping the edeagus in place. The differential characters of the males of the species which I have examined are given below; I am not able to identify female specimens taken apart from the males. 1. Scutellum, beyond the side keels, with a black subtriangular patch on each side. Apex of style obliquely truncate, with both the upper and lower angles pro- duced into sharp triangular toobiessee-. --. 2 2aease seers dorsata, n. sp. Scutellum entirely pale . Posterior face of the anal tube with a very small, sharp, recurved tooth or hook EN iGEVE) AKON ESE HOTS. ao aoendeks cup edocuce to dn sonadebmeestauddnsaosaona glaucescens, Fieb. 3. Teeth of the anal tube curved, directed obliquely outward, forward, and down- ward, their distal half, therefore, visible in the same aspect as the posterior face olgthozamallethuloeuec secseccee ane cones eee orc ee een eee eee prasinula, Fieb. Teeth of the anal tube straight, directed almost horizontally cephalad, and, therefore, not visible in the same aspect as the posterior face of the anal tube... 4. 4. Periphery of the pygofer, in the cephalad aspect, suborbicular... smaragdula, Stal. ” » ” » » » transversely elliptic .. unicolor, H.-S. C. DORSATA, 2. sp. 3. Abdomen above black, the sides narrowly yellow. Pygofer yellow, a little darker above, the upper notch wide, rounded-triangular, reaching from side to side of the segment, and extending cephalad almost to the hind margin of the last dorsal segment, the lower notch angular, with straight sides, and a small, almost semi- circular, excavation in the middle, viewed from the side the hind margin passes obliquely and almost in a straight line from the hind margin of the last dorsal segment to the commencement of the lower notch. Contents of the genital aperture brownish-yellow. Anal tube with the aperture transversely elliptic, its lower edge much widened and produced on each side into a large, blunt, triangular tooth, the teeth proper nearly straight and directed almost horizontally cephalad. Genital aperture (or mouth of the pygofer) somewhat triangular, with widely rounded angles. Styles gradually narrowed from base to apex, nearly straight, their apices obliquely truncate, with both the upper and lower angles produced into a sharp triangular tooth. Scutellum with a black subtriangular patch on each side beyond the side keels. Otherwise like C. glaucescens. 60 (March, I describe this species from two males from “ Haute Savoie,” France, sent to me by M. E. Autran, under the name unicolor, H.-S. C. @uaucEscens, Fieb. g. Abdomen above black, narrowly yellow at the sides; pygofer above pitch- brown, with the hind margin narrowly yellow, beneath yellow-brown, with the hind margin paler. Pygofer: upper and lower notches as in C. dorsata, its outline in the cephalad aspect transversely elliptic, the aperture somewhat hexagonal, the lining and partition whitish, the styles and anal tube brownish-yellow, the hind margin in the lateral aspect somewhat convex. Styles feebly sinuate, gradually narrowed from the base to the apex, where they are slightly produced into a short blunt lobe on the upper- side. Anal tube with the aperture transversely elliptic, the lower part much widened with a wide angular notch reaching from side to side, and bearing at each lower corner a very small, sharp, recurved tooth or hook; the teeth proper straight, parallel, and directed cephalad in a nearly horizontal position, not visible in the cephalad aspect of the pygofer. This species is the wnicolor of J. Sahlberg and myself; I have found it commonly on reeds in coast marshes in Norfolk and Suffolk. Ranworth, June 16th, 1887; Cley, July 14th, 1887; Southwold, August, 1896 (Hdwards) ; Bohemia (Fieber) ; Sweden and Finland (J. Sahlberg) ; Holland (Fokker). C. prasinuta, Fieb. g. Abdomen above black, narrowly yellow at the sides, the hind margin of the last segment narrowly, the hind margin of the pygofer in its upper half, and the anal tube, white; pygofer beneath and the partition black; styles pitch-brown, becoming yellow beyond the middle. Pygofer: upper and lower notches as in C. dorsata, its outline in the cephalad aspect transversely elliptic, the aperture irregular, owing to the infolding of a bluntly triangular whitish piece on each side of the upper half, the hind margin in the lateral aspect convex. Styles sinuate, gradually narrowed from the base to the apex, where they are truncate. Anal tube with the aperture roundish, the lower part not broader than the sides, the lower corners blunt right angles; the teeth curved, divergent, and visible in the cephalad aspect of the pygofer. Black Gang Chine, Isle of Wight (Lhouwless) ; Dersingham, Nor- folk, July 30th, 1885; Cley, July 14th, 1887; August 5th, 1889; Whitwell Common, June 26th, 1890 (Hdwards); Galicia, Austria (Fieber) ; Donau-auen, Austria (Low); Byjelobodo (Jelichar) ; Kendytau, Central Asia (J. Sahlberq). C. SMARAGDULA, Stal. 6. Abdomen above black, sides rather broadly yellow, the hind margins of the 1898.] 61 segments very narrowly yellow; pygofer pitch black, anal tube brownish-yellow ; styles pitch-brown, passing into yellow beyond the middle. Pygofer: upper notch large and wide, forming about four-fifths of a circle, lower notch as in the other species, outline in the cephalad aspect suborbicular, the aperture square, with rounded angles, but contracted at about half its height by reason of the projection inwards of the sides, hind margin in the lateral aspect straight. Styles slightly sinuate, gradually narrowed from the base to the truncate apex, where the inner angle is produced into a long sharp tooth. Anal tube: aperture suborbicular, lower margin much widened, the lower corners forming two wide, somewhat acute, angles, owing to the wide angular notch of the lower edge, the teeth invisible in the cephalad aspect of the pygofer. Ranworth, June 16th, 1887 (Hdwards) ; Galicia, Austria (Low) ; Crefeld (Mink) ; Sweden (J. Sahlberg). C. unicotor, H.-S. 3g. Abdomen above black, its sides narrowly yellow, the hind margin of the last segment narrowly white. Pygofer dark brownish-yellow, the upper and lower notches as in C. dorsata,’ the hind margin, when viewed from the side, rounded ; the periphery, in the cephalad aspect, transversely elliptic. Anal tube brownish-yellow, its aperture suborbicular, somewhat contracted below, its lower edge scarcely perceptibly widened, the lower angles blunt, somewhat rectangular. Styles pitch-brown, yellow at the apex, nearly straight, gradually narrowed from the base to the apex, where they are slightly produced into a short blunt lobe on the upper-side only. Teeth of the anal tube not visible in the cephalad aspect. Eichkogel, Lower Austria (Melichar) ; Levico, Tyrol (Then) ; Issy-kul, Central Asia (J. Sahiberq). (March, C. steENopTeERA, Flor. Delphax stenoptera, Flor, Rhyn. Liv., ii, p. 40 (1861) ; Chloriona stenoptera, Fieber, Grundz. Delp., p. 523, pl. viii, fig. 6 (1866), Cicad. d. Eur., pt. iii, p. 28 (1878). This species, of which the type male appears to remain unique, L have not seen. Judging from Fieber’s figure the processes on the lower edge of the anal tube form a sort of recumbent < with curved limbs. Kudling, Livonia (Flor). C. FARINOSA, Buckton. Buckton, Mon. Brit. Cicad., i, p. 75, pl. xxi, figs. 1, 1a, 16, le. This is nothing but Zcburnia lineola, Germ.; 1 had a specimen from the author. EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES. Fig. 1.—Chloriona smaragdula, Stal, male genitalia seen from behind. ye dorsata, n. sp., male genital style. » 5 prasinula, Fieb., ,, 6 * » 4. 5 unicolor, H.-S., ,, genitalia seen from behind. » oO 5 glaucescens, Fieb., male anal tube seen from behind. » b.— 9p D » > » genital style. » i A prasinula, a », anal tube seen from behind. (All diagrammatic and much enlarged). Aculeates taken at Sutton Coldfield in 1897.—The following Aculeates were taken last season at Sutton Coldfield ; several of them are additions to the district, and as records from the Midlands are few and far between, I thought it would be desirable to publish them. Pompilus spissus (3); Diodontus tristis (3 §,5 2); Psen pallipes (3); these three species are all recorded for the first time from this district ; Myrmosa melanocephala (8 6,8 9) 3 Sphecodes pilifrons (8), affinis (1), new to our list. Crabros were fairly represented, but nothing new occurred : tzbialis (1), clavipes (4), palmipes (3), elongatulus (very common). Of Odynerus the fol- lowing were found: parietum, trifasciatus, spinipes (2), sinuatus (1). At the end of June Prosopis communis and hyalinata occurred on parsley bloom, the last named commonly. Halictus atricornis (2); Anthidium manicatum, 2 g of this grand bee were captured ; this is the first time I have met with it, and I do not know if there is any other Warwickshire record... Anthophora pilipes and furcata, of the latter 246; Osmia cerulescens, an addition to our list, one § taken, July 12th; Megachile centuncularis (5 6,2 9), also a first record. The only Nomadas taken were Lath- | buriana and solidaginis, the latter being new. In a small field close to my house, Psithyrus rupestris and campestris were very common, one specimen of the latter is 1898.] 63 almost black. Bombus hortorum, one ? taken; intermediate between the type and var. Harrisellus, having pale hairs on the 4th segment, all the others black.—RaLPu C. BRADLEY, Sutton Coldfield: February, 1898. Cynomyia alpina, Ztt., in Warwickshire.—The claim of this species rests as British, I believe, on an old Scottish record, and one brought forward by Mr. P. Grimshaw (Edinburgh Museum), who records a ¢ from Aberdeenshire in 1896. Warwickshire can now be added as a locality, and as the species is so little known, a short account of its capture may prove interesting. On August 2nd I took two males in my garden, and coming to the conclusion it must be a good thing I worked systematically for it day by day until September 6th, capturing in all sixteen gs. All were taken between 8.30 and 10 o'clock, sunning themselves on raspberry and currant leaves, in company with Nemorea radicum, Lucilia Cesar, Musca vomitoria and erythrocephala. ‘They only appeared in bright sunshine, and were very skittish, seldom allowing one to approach within a couple of yards, and at that distance were difficult to separate from the Musca, unless one caught sight of the bright face, or obtained a glimpse of the last abdominal segments, not an easy matter with the wings closed. One could also see that it is a more compactly built insect, narrower than erythrocephala, yet many times I swept up the Musee by mistake, being very anxious to take the 9, and, therefore, let nothing doubtful pass. I forwarded the species to Mr. EK. E. Austen, who reported the naming as correct, and kindly supplied the record of previous captures. A single g taken in the garden, July 25th, 1891, remained unrecognised in my collection until last autumn. All the records appear to be males, so we have yet to find the female.—Ib. Diptera in the New Forest: a correctionFor Urophora cardui please read Tephritis miliaria in my list of Diptera (last line, page 42, of the February number). —Frep. C. Apams. Hystricopsylla talpe, Curt. (obtusiceps, Rits.), at Chatham.—On the afternoon of the 15th, while hunting for Brachysomus hirtus in its locality close to Chatham, I came across the nest of a field-mouse among dead leaves at the roots of a small chestnut bush. It was deserted by its owner, which was hardly to be wondered at, for on shaking it over paper out tumbled no fewer than seven specimens (3 g, 4 2) of the giant flea, Hystricopsylla talpe, Curtis, as well as several of the small pallid, Typhlopsylla musculi, Dugés. Both species were lively enough, and ran over the paper with great speed, most of the Typhlopsylla effecting their escape; but (perhaps fortunately for me) the saltatory powers of the Hystricopsylla were of the most limited description, and it seemed unable to jump more than an inch at the utmost. Hitherto I have met with this great flea very rarely in haystacks, tufts of grass, moss, and heaps of hedge-clippings, and on one occasion on a living field-vole, Arvicola agrestis, but never more than one, or at most, two at a time, so the capture of so many specimens at once may be worth recording. ‘The largest ? measures a trifle over 5 mm. in length. The only beetle found in the nest was a fine example of the rare Staphylinid, Oxypoda spectabilis, Maerk., which has occurred to me only _ once before in the Chatham district, in the spring of 1873.—Jamus J. WALKER, 23, Ranelagh Road, Sheerness: January 17th, 1898. 64 [March, Coleoptera in the Colchester district in 1897.—My brother and myself having taken a large number of species of Coleoptera in the neighbourhood of Colchester during the past year, some account of the less common among them may be of interest. They were all captured in the north-east corner of Essex. In order to avoid repetition, those found under similar circumstances are grouped together. In fungi we found a good many local insects, including Licdes orbicularis, Dacne humeralis, Triplax enea and T. russica, Cyrtotriplax bipustulata, Cis alni (on one log only), Hypophleus bicolor, Hallomenus humeralis, Heledona agaricola (in white fungus on willow, with Quedius cruentus, and other commoner species). In dead leaves, during the early part of the year:—Notiophilus rufipes, Ocalea badia, Atemeles emarginatus (1), Mycetoporus clavicornis, Bythinus Curtisi (scarce), New- raphes elongatulus, N. Sparshalli and its var. minutus. In flood refuse, tufts of grass, rushes, &c. :—Cychrus rostratus (also one in a fungus), Oodes helopioides (scarce), Pterostickus inequalis, Platyderus ruficollis, Stenus circularis, Choleva morio. In salt marsh ditches and their vicinity, at intervals during the season :—Bembidium Clarki, Berosus spinosus, Trogophleus foveolatus, Hemonia Curtisi (1), Thryogenes festuce, and Bagous tempestivus. In ants’ nests, during the early part of the summer :—Aleochara ruficornis (1), Myrmedonia humeralis (with both Formica rufa and F. fuliginosa), M. funesta, M. laticollis, M. lugens, Quedius brevis, Ani- sotoma calcarata (1), and Amphotis marginata. In manure heaps and animal droppings :— Philonthus ebeninus, var. corruscus, Huplectus signatus, E. sanguineus, Nitidula rufipes, Mycetophagus 4-guttatus, Aphodius porcus, Xylophilus populneus. Under bark and in moss :—Pristonychus subcyaneus, Megacronus inclinans, Oxypoda exoleta, Euplectus nigricans, Cryptarcha strigata. On the coast, under stones, maritime plants, &c.:—Panageus 4-pustulatus, Harpalus servus (scarce), Masoreus Wetterhali (scarce), Xantholinus tricolor, Cafius sericeus, Helops pallidus, and Cenopsis Waltoni. On various trees and bushes :—Lebia chlorocephala, Toxotus meridianus, Strangalia 4-fasciata, Liopus nebulosus, Pogonocherus dentatus, Zeugo- phora flavicollis (rare), Cryptocephalus lineola (scarce), C. 6-punctatus (1 only), Crepidodera nitidula (1 only, where a fine series was taken last year), Byctiscus betuleti, Rhynchites cupreus (scarce), R. ophthalmicus (common on one occasion), R. pubescens, Anoplus plantaris, and A. roboris (scarce). In dead animals: —Staphy- linus stercorarius, Necrophorus ruspator, and NV. vestigator. On flowering plants, by sweeping and searching :—Harpalus punctatulus, H. sabulicola, Malachius mar- ginellus, Anthocomus fasciatus, Dolichosoma lineare, Hedobia imperalis, Orsodaena cerasi, O. lineola (both sparingly), Cryptocephalus bilineatus, Apion limonii, and A. Suscirostre, Polydrosus chrysomela (scarce, on sea plants). On the wing :—Tachinus elongatus (in a wood), Deleaster dichrous (within a few yards of a main street), and Saprinus virescens, three of our best insects. Among the miscellaneous species were :—Zabrus gibbus (running on pathways), Homalota hygrotopora, Encephalus complicans, Oxytelus insecatus (in decaying vegetables), Melasis buprestoides and Ptinus germanus (in oak trees), Prionus coriarius (on a tree trunk), Callidium variabile (one bred), Scaphidema eneum (under birch bark), Melandrya caraboides (on willow and ash), Otiorrhynchus raucus, and Rhinoncus inconspectus. BERNARD Smituo Harwoop, 94, Station Road, Colchester: January 15th, 1898. 1898.] 65 Silvanus similis near Southampton.—On December 28th I found a single speci- men of Silvanus similis at the bottom of a haystack. As this species is always found under fir bark, the insect must have been hibernating. At what time of year is the insect usually found? Perhaps it would be a good thing to cut down fir branches and place them near the spot to attract the beetles when they come out in the spring. I should be glad of any information regarding this species.—L.. M. Bucknit1, Thornfield, Bitterne, Southampton: February, 1898. [I have taken this insect in great profusion by shaking cut fir-branches at Esher, in August and September ; also singly at Cobham, Kent, from a heap of faggots, but I have never found it under bark.—G. C. C.]. The genus Erebia.—We are requested to state that the specimens of the genus Erebia, exhibited by Mr. H. J. Elwes, F.R.S., in illustration of his remarks at the last meeting of the Entomological Society of London, will, by arrangement with Sir William Flower, Director of the British Museum (Natural History), be on view at that institution for a few weeks. The series contains, almost without exception, representatives of all the known species and more prominent varieties, and should be seen by all students of this difficult and interesting genus.— EDs. Erebia lappona in the Upper Engadine.—1 find that I omitted to include this species in the list of butterflies recorded in last month’s Magazine as occurring in the Upper Engadine. It was fairly plentiful and in fine condition at about 7000 feet near the Hannen See. This addition does not alter the total arrived at of 72 butterflies. -A. H. Jonus, Eltham: February 1st, 1898. Teniocampa munda in the autumn.—t should like to report the capture of Teniocampa munda at ivy. One evening last autumn my son and I tried once more what has been very unsuccessful in this neighbourhood as a rule for many years, namely, searching ivy blossoms; and we captured two moths, one Orthosia macilenta and one T. munda. Having the opinion of Mr. Chas. G. Barrett that the insect is certainly 7. munda, and its capture at ivy not noticed, I put this on record. —Joun F. Cuurcuitt, Chesham, Bucks: February 7th, 1898. [The specimen is unquestionably 7. munda, though not larger than 7. stabilis. When one takes into consideration that this and the allied species are fully perfected as moths within the pupa-skin as early as October, the great matter for surprise is that autumn emergences do not frequently take place. Yet nothing is much more rare !—C. G. B.]. Observations on the pairing of Dasycampa rubiginea, Fb.— Dasycampa rubiginea having, I believe, very rarely been seen in cop., even by those who have kept the imagines alive through the winter and watched them carefully, a few observations on the subject will probably prove of interest. My first attempt to keep the moths alive was made in the winter of 1893—4, but they all gradually succumbed, owing to my not properly understanding their likes and dislikes. In the three following winters, however, my efforts were crowned with success, and I could doubtless have continued the brood if so inclined. Whenever I have kept the moths in confine- ment—their numbers varied in different winters from six to thirteen—they have been watched pretty closely in the evenings, and at night, in the hope of seeing V 66 (March, them paired, but only on three occasions have I been rewarded, viz., February 27th, 1896, March (beginning, but exact date uncertain), 1897, and March 21st, 1897. Each time they were found in cop. at 1030 p.m., and had separated by 7 or 8 a.m., and on each occasion the female was clinging to the muslin which covered the top of the box, with her abdomen hanging nearly perpendicularly downwards, while attached to it, and suspended head downwards in mid air with closed wings, was the motionless male. The box containing the moths was always kept in a fireless room facing south ; on February 27th, 1896, the window was open, and the outside temperature was 42 F., but on the other occasions the window was shut and the temperature not ascertained, though the nights were fairly warm.—Eusvace R. Bankes, The Rectory, Corfe Castle: January, 1898. Phlogophora meticulosa, 1,., in mid-December.—On December 18th last I took a male specimen of Phlogophora meticulosa at rest on a gorse bush on the top of one of the hills near here. It was in fine condition when captured, but was left alive in a box in a warm room for three or four days, and had in consequence battered itself about considerably before it was killed. This is surely a remarkably late date for the occurrence of any individual, and particularly of a male, of a species that hibernates in the larval state.—Ip. Psocus major, Loens, in Surrey.—Recently, in looking through my Psocide Mr. McLachlan detected a specimen of this rarity, which was taken by myself on Bookham Common, Surrey, on August 3rd, 1895. I believe that the only previous British record of the species is that in Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxx, p. 243.—C. A. Briae@s, Rock House, Lynmouth: February 7th, 1898. Early Neuroptera, &§c.,in North Devon.—On returning here on January 20th, after ten days’ absence, I found that on the 17th my brother had taken Memoura Meyeri, and on the 19th my niece had an imago of Baétis rhodani. On the 22nd, along the banks of the East Lynn, we took three more NV. Meyeri, one B. rhodani, one Chrysopa vulgaris (ordinary condition), two Philopotamus montanus (others seen), and a few ants. Hive bees were common in the garden on the 21st.—Ip. Excess of Naphthaline injurious to collections.—A few of the Lepidoptera in my collection having been more or less damaged, as the result of my having used too much naphthaline, a word of warning may perhaps be useful to those, if any, who are as little versed in chemistry as I am. The cells all round my cabinet drawers were nearly filled with pure naphthaline crystals, whilst each of my store boxes contained two small muslin bags filled with naphthaline, either in crystal or lump form. The cabinets and boxes are kept in a room where there is always a fire by day during the winter, but are well away from the fire itself. After a time I found to my dismay that fresh naphtha crystals had formed here and there, not only on the paper at the sides and bottoms of several of the drawers and boxes, and in some cases on the pins and labels, but also on the wings of some of the specimens themselves, as well as on the glasses over the drawers. When the enclosed air becomes too highly saturated with fumes of naphthaline, the excess is evidently deposited in the form of crystals on any substance inside the drawers. It is curious that although all the cells were charged equally highly and at the same time, only a 1898.] 67 certain proportion of the drawers are affected in the way described. I tried re- moving the crystals from the wings, but only with disastrous results, as they were adhering so firmly ; now, however, I am emptying the cells of the affected drawers of all the naphthaline, in the hope that the recently-formed crystals will gradually evaporate as the air becomes purer. Naphthaline has decided advantages over camphor and the like, but it is clearly possible for one’s collections to have too much even of such a very good thing !—Eustace R. Banxes, The Rectory, Corfe Castle : January 20th, 1898. [Compare my notes on the evils resulting from the excessive use of naphthaline at Ent. Mo. Mag. (2), vii, p. 218. It is distinctly inadvisable to fill the cells ald round English-made cabinet drawers with naphthaline (or camphor either). One cell, partially filled, is (if properly attended to) quite sufficient. Probably no drawers are sufficiently ‘air-tight’ to preclude the escape of the results of volati- lization of a moderate quantity of preservative. But if the air in the drawers become supercharged, it naturally follows that precipitation must result.— R. McLacutay. | Lively halves of «a bisected insect.—I noticed a few months ago a paragraph in your Magazine (vol. viii, 2nd ser., p. 160) relating to the antics of the leg of a “daddy” that had been burnt in the gas. A similar instance of muscular energy after death (?) came under my notice a short time ago, while I was cutting card braces for moth-setting in my bedroom. The windows were open, and being much annoyed at the persistent attentions of a number of large reddish-brown Ichneumons, I made a vicious snap at one of them, and, much to my surprise, divided it neatly into two parts, one of which comprised the abdomen and hind pair of legs, and the other the very lively remainder of the unfortunate insect. This occurred on a Friday at 11 p.m., and as neither half showed the slightest inclination to die, so to speak, I placed them for company’s sake under the same tumbler, and the following table shows, as briefly as possible, the way in which they behaved respectively under their novel and trying conditions :— Friday. Front part. Hind part. 11 p.m. and midnight—Walking about and Opening and shutting ovipositor examining tumbler with antenne. every few seconds. Saturday, 2 a.m.—Ditto ditto Ditto about twice per minute. 2.15 —Resting on side of tumbler. Ditto ditto 2.40 —Walking and examining tumbler Ditto about once a minute. as at first. 7.30, 8, 9, and 12.30—Resting on side of Motionless, but twisted violently on tumbler. being touched. 1.30 —Standing on card beneath tumbler. Ditto ditto 4.0 —Lying on its back, struggling furi- Ditto ditto ously when touched. 5.30 —Ditto feebly. Ditto very violently. 7.30 and 10.15—Front half apparently dead. Twisted considerably when touched. Sunday, 1 and 2 a.m. Ditto slightly. Here I went to bed, and next morning the tail part had ceased to move. C. H. Mortimer, Wigmore, Holmwood, Surrey : January, 1898. F 2 68 (March, Obituary. James Thomson, who died towards the end of last year, was an American by birth, but passed the greater part of his long life in France, and especially in Paris. He amassed large collections of the more striking Coleoptera, especially Longicornia, Buprestide, Cetoniade, and Lucanide, in acquiring which he spared no expense. His publications, which date from 1856, are very numerous, and of considerable importance, largely in the “ Annales” of the French Entomological Society, of which he became a Member in 1854; also in the “ Archives Entomologiques,” which he established in 1857, and which lasted two years, and in the “ Arcana Nature,’ pub- lished in 1859. Subsequently, in 1867, he brought out a serial, under the name of “ Physis, recueil d’histoire naturelle,” which also lasted two years; this latter con- tained an odd mixture of science and metaphysics, and may be classed amongst the eccentricities of entomological literature. He was a Member of the Entomological Society of London from 1856 to 1888. Latterly he published very little, having, some years ago, sold his collections to M. René Oberthiir. We need not remind some of our readers that Thomson married a sister of the late Charles Stewart Parnell, and that it was ostensibly in order to allow him to attend the funeral of a nephew (a son of Thomson) that the Irish leader was released from prison in April, 1882. Societies. BIRMINGHAM ENTOMOLOGICAL SoctETY: December 20th, 1897.—Mr. G. T. BETHUNE-BAKER, President, in the Chair. Mr. E. J. Denham, of 31, High Road, Small Heath, was elected a member. Mr. R. C. Bradley showed Hadena glauca and Anaitis plagiata from Sutton, and Ephestia Kiihniella from his office. Mr. P. W. Abbott, a nice little series of Cymatophora fluctuosa taken in Wyre Forest last June, rather pale in colouring ; also a specimen of Sesia culiciformis with a white band, also from Wyre; this last was a rather black looking specimen, darker than usual, excepting the band, which was quite white. Mr. OC. J. Wainwright, a box of Aculeate Hymenoptera, including four Odynerus levipes, 8, a rare insect, which, however, seems well established in Wyre Forest; Andrena humilis, g, from Wyre Forest, and some wide-banded vars. of Apis mellifica from Eisenach, Thuringia. Mr. A. H. Martineau remarked that Mr. Saunders gives as a character of O. levipes, yellow patches on both the middle and hind pairs of legs, but on all the Midland specimens he has seen they were on the middle pair only. Mr. Martineau, sticks containing the cells from which he had bred several O. levipes from Malvern ; also sticks containing cells of Pemphredon lugubris, Anthophora fucata, Panz., and Osmia leucomelana. Mr. G. T. Bethune-Baker, two drawers of Pieride, containing a fine series of Antho- charis, including A. Pecki from Algeria, and other rare species, and the genera Zegris, Leucophasia, &e. January 17th, 1898.—The President in the Chair. Mr. R. C. Bradley showed Vherioplectes solstitialis, taken before 8 a.m., 1898. ] 69 hovering in the road opposite his house at Sutton,a male. Mr. A. H. Martineau, a set of specimens illustrating the life history of Andrena cineraria, L., larve, young aud full-fed, pupa, pupal skin, cells, male and female. Mr. P. W. Abbott, a series of Bryophila glandifera from Devon, one very beautiful specimen being of a much richer and more beautiful green than usual, with the markings less sharply defined ; also a Lycena gon, 2, with the red marks absent from right upper wing, and blue shadings over them all; and a L. bellargus, 9, also shot with blue, both from Midhurst, Sussex. Mr. G@. T. Bethune-Baker showed two drawers from his col- lection, containing a portion of the genus Colias, and including many rare species. —Corpran J. WAINWRIGHT, Hon. Secretary. Entomotogican Society oF Lonpon: February 2nd, 1898.—Mr. G. H. VERRALL, Vice-President, in the Chair. Mr. L. C. Chawner, of Forest Bank, Lyndhurst ; Mr. F. A. Heron, B.A., of the British Museum (Natural History) ; Mr. Henry Stebbing, of The Shawe, Jarvis Brook, Tunbridge Wells; and Mr. E. J. Burgess Sopp, of Saxholme, Hoylake, Cheshire; were elected Fellows of the Society. A letter was read from the Secretaries of the International Congress of Zoology, calling attention to the meeting to be commenced at Cambridge on August 28rd, and extending to the Fellows of the Society the cordial invitation of the Executive Committee to be present. The Secretary also read a letter from Mr. A. D. Michael, E.L.S., of 9, Cadogan Mansions, S.W., asking if any entomologists, who might find insects attacked by mites (Acari) among their disused boxes, would be willing to send him such insects, with the mites still on them or accompanying them, or at least, the mites themselves, with the name of the insect given in all cases, for the purpose of his forthcoming monograph of the Tyroglyphide. Mr. J. W. Tutt showed a fine series of forms of Hemerophila abruptaria, Thunb., captured and bred by Mr. W. S. Pearce at Holloway, varying from the normal colour, through mahogany-brown to dark umbreous, some of the specimens of the second brood showing a purplish hue. One gynandromorphous example was shown, with the wings and right antenna of the female type, the left antenna being strongly pecti- nated. He also exhibited two specimens of Dianthacia luteago, bred by the Rev. F. Lowe, from larve obtained in Guernsey, and of a very distinct character, having a tendency to the ochreous coloration of the type-form, but being differently marked. On behalf of Mr. Heyne, Mr. Jacoby exhibited a series of temperature-varieties of Lepidoptera. Mr. G. H. Carpenter read a paper by himself and the Rev. W. F. Johnson on “ The Larva of Pelophila borealis,’ describing its structure and life history. On the larval characters the genus, hitherto considered as of doubtful relationship, was regarded as being closely allied to Hlaphrus. Papers were com- municated by Mr. F. D. Godman, F.R.S., and Mr. O. Salvin, F.R.S., on “ New Species of American Rhopalocera,” and by Mr. M. Jacoby, “On some Phytophagous Coleoptera (Eumolpide) from the Islands of Mauritius and Réunion.”—W. F. H. Bianprorp and F. Merririetp, Hon. Secs. 70 [March, LOZOPERA FRANCILLONANWA, ¥., COMPARED WITH ITS ALLIES. BY THE RIGHT HON. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., &c. Throughout the progress of entomological study, and especially in countries where that study has reached a point at which all obvious distinctions relied upon for separating the known species are quickly recognised by the initiated, much Jabour and minute observation has been devoted to the recognition of critical differences between ob- scurely coloured, closely allied species frequently regarded as mere varieties, until their constant and consistent variation, supplemented by some knowledge of their earlier stages, has enabled us to separate them from among a mixed series. Where the markings are clear and distinct, consisting of darker bands, blotches or spots, upon a pale ground, less attention has been devoted to them, and provided that these bands or spots are found to be approximately in the same position, it has less frequently occurred to students to seek for persistent differences. That such persistent differences are easily overlooked becomes perhaps more apparent in the examination of the Australian MWicro- Lepidoptera than in those of any other part of the world. In the Gcophoride and in the Xyloryctide Mr. Meyrick and other authors have rightly described as distinct a large number of species of con- spicuous pattern and very similar colouring, which differ from one another in a very minute degree, but whose differences are persistent and consistent throughout long series obtained from the same and different localities. In many cases this apparently somewhat coura- geous differentiation has been justified by the subsequent discovery of their food-plants, and by a comparison of their larve. The late Monsieur Ragonot [Ent. Mo. Mag., XII, 87—88 (1875) | corrected the synonymy of the francillonana group as given in Staudin- ger’s Catalog, and I will now venture to submit conclusions that have forced themselves upon me after comparing large numbers of specimens which would undoubtedly have been placed by those who have confined their studies to British Lepidoptera in the single species known under the name of “francillana, F.” As an introduction to these notes, I desire to call attention to the fact, that the late Carl von Heyden, writing 32 years ago [Stett. Ent. Ztg., XX VI, 100 (1865) ], expressed his opinion on the species be- longing to this group of Conchylis in words that were thus translated by Stainton (Ent. Ann., 1867, 39)—“T believe that amongst C. sanguwi- nana, Tr., flagellana, Dup., and francillana, F., there are still different species, very closely allied, to be distinguished. It is probable that the larve and their different habits may help us in this respect.” 1898.] 71 Although sanguinana, Tr. (which is not a Lozopera), is wrongly included in this group, von Heyden’s conjecture is amply justified in the possibility of critically distinguishing several species hitherto confused, although their larval habits, so far as we know them, are extremely similar, as might well be expected in a natural and well- defined genus. I have purposely omitted in the following descriptions any refer- ence to the form of the genital armature, which it would be exceedingly difficult to express in words. The accompanying accurate illustrations by Mr. Hartley Durrant will enable a comparison to be made, and will amply justify the separation of the species on structural grounds— several specimens of each having been carefully examined and found to be alike. Will some specialist in comparative anatomy kindly supply the correct terminology of this philogenetic puzzle? LOZOPERA FRANCILLONANA, F. (HEIL, tie, Is Antenne pale primrose above, greyish beneath. Palpi very pale primrose, shaded with pale chestnut externally. Head and thorax pale primrose. ore-wings pale primrose, with a pale chestnut shade along the base of the costa and two very oblique transverse fascie varying from pale chestnut to nut-brown, with a few silvery scales around their margins; the upper end of the first fascia, which commences on the middle of the costa, is somewhat quadrangular, the fascia varying in width reaches the dorsum at one-third, without noticeable excrescences, but expanding somewhat in width to the margin; the second fascia arising from the dorsum at about two-thirds sends out a noticeable bulge immediately above the fold (this excrescence is not, however, diffused towards the tornus), thence the fascia reaches the costa before the apex in an unbroken band of about equal width throughout, although slightly en- larged at the costa ; cilia whitish-primrose. Under-side greyish-brown, cilia slightly paler than above. Exp. al.,14—18 mm. Hind-wings greyish-brown, with a slight tawny tint; cilia whitish, with a faint tawny shade along their base. Under-side pale tawny-grey. Abdomen greyish-brown; anal tuft paler. ZLegs whitish-cinereous. Hab.: Exeauanp. France, Cannes. Larva in stems of Daucus carota and Ferula communis (W\|sm.). Type, Coll. Francillon (? in Oxford Mus.). Varieties occur in which the fascie are more or less interrupted below the costa, and some care is required to avoid confusing such varieties with the Eryngium-feeder flagellana, Dp., which can be sepa- rated by the more curved dorsal half of the first fascia, being invariably separated from the costal spot above it. The species was described by Fabricius from British specimens, but I am unable to separate the common South European form occurring in stems of (23 [March, 1898. Ferula (noticeably in the Ile Ste. Marguerite, S. France) in great abundance, but I have no evidence that the true francillonana has been taken elsewhere on the continent. This species was first described by Fabricius in 1794, and was originally named francillana in honour of “Dom. Francillon.” It will be obvious that this name is not orthographically correct, and should be lengthened to francillonana, a form adopted by Westwood (Br. Moths, II, 177): such “clipping” was not uncommon in the time of Linneus and Fabricius, e. g., christiernana (Christiernin), geoffrella (Geoffroy), oliviella (Olivier), &c. LozOPERA BILBAENSIS, Reslr. ly Le tigs2)e Conchylis francillana, F., + bilbaénsis, Resslr., Stett. Ent. Ztg., XXXVIII, 372 (1877). Cochylis francillana, F., + bilbaénsis, See- bold, An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., VIII, 119 (1879).(2) Antenne greyish-cinereous. Palpi pale ochreous, shaded with brownish at the sides externally. Head and face pale ochreous. Thorax brownish-ochreous, the tegule pale ochreous. Fore-wings very pale ochreous, suffused and faintly mottled with brownish-ochreous; with two oblique brownish fascizx, the first arising on the dorsum at one-fourth and reaching nearly to the middle of the costa, but partially disconnected by evanescence below the costa from a slightly inverted brownish shade thereon, the second arising from the dorsum before the tornal cilia and reaching the costa before the apex, where it is outwardly produced, is slightly angulated outward near its dorsal origin, but runs parallel with the termen above the angle ; cilia very pale ochreous, with a slender brownish-ochreous line running through them near their base (sometimes so faint as to be scarcely distinguishable). Under-side dark brownish-grey ; cilia pale primrose-yellow. zp. al.. 13—16 mm. Hind-wings shining tawny-grey ; cilia shining whitish-cinereous, with a pale grey shade running through them near their base. Under-side leaden-grey; cilia very pale grey. Abdomen dark greyish, anal tuft whitish-cinereous. Legs whitish-cinereous. Hab.: N. Spaty, Bilbao,@?) VIII.0.2) §. France, St. Aygult, excl. 13, VIII, 1896. Corsica, Ajaccio, Bastia, excl. 8—10, X, 1896. SaRpinra (Staudinger), Zell. Coll. Zarva in stems of Crithmum maritimum, LV—V. I had at first regarded this species as merely a variety of Lozopera Srancillonana, ¥., but the uniformity existing between specimens from Corsica and those from the opposite French coast, combined with the more plainly apparent mottling of brownish-ochreous between and beyond the brown fascie as well as near the base, and moreover the fact that these fasciw tend to converge towards the dorsum even in a greater degree than in francillonana, convinced me that it was worthy ef special recognition. APR 23 1998 April, 1898.] 73 I first met with the larva in company with my friend Monsieur A. Constant on the rocky coast at St. Aygulf, near St. Raphael (Var), on April 24th, 1896, feeding in the pith of the stems of Crithmum mari- timum; subsequently I found the larve in Corsica, near Ajaccio, in the beginning of May, and at Bastia towards the end of the same month. The imago appeared from the French larve on August 13th, those from Ajaccio emerging on October 8th and 10th. There are two specimens in Zeller’s series of francillana collected in Sardinia by Staudinger, which must be referred to this species. Rossler notes in his brief description of belbaénsis that the first fascia is uninterrupted, whereas, in the Corsican form, although trace- able throughout, it is partially broken below the costa. LozoPpERA MAURITANICA, Sp. Nn. Antenne pale brownish-grey, with some primrose scales above. Palpi very pale primrose, externally entirely suffused with bright chestnut. Head and thorax very pale primrose. Fore-wings pale primrose, with a noticeable strong chestnut streak along the base of the costa, and two broad oblique rich chestnut fascie sprinkled over their surface with silvery scales ; the first commencing in a triangular spot on the middle of the costa, decidedly widened on the lower half of the cell, and again somewhat widened on reaching the dorsum at one-third, the dorsal space between this and the second fascia is less than half the width of the costal space and the second fascia, more oblique than the first, is slightly narrowed above the dorsum with a strong bulged excrescence (the margins of which are clearly defined) outward above the tornus, above this the fascia is somewhat widened before reaching the costa near the apex, but not on the costa itself, one or two small chestnut spots occur about the middle of the termen; cilia very pale primrose. Under-side dark greyish-brown, a dark spot in the costal cilia before the apex; cilia paler than on the upper-side. Exp. al., 16 mm. Hind-wings tawny brownish-grey ; cilia whitish-cinereous, a slight shade running through them near their base. Under-side brownish-grey. Abdomen dark grey; anal tuft paler. Legs whitish-cinereous, tarsi mottled with brownish-grey. Type, &, Mus. Wlsm. Hab. : Morocco, Mogador, III, 1885 (J. H. Leech), unique. The species may be said to approach bil/baénsis, Rsslr., in appear- ance, but is easily distinguished by its paler colour, by the more abundant silvery speckling on the fascie, and by their greater width and the abrupt termination of the outer fascia on the costa before the apex—the structure of the genital armature being also entirely distinct from that of all other allied species. T regret that I am unable to figure the genitalia of this species owing to lack of space, but as I still possess two more species, one . from Algeria (Rev. A. E. Eaton) the other from Chang Yang (China), I may hope to do so on some future occasion. G 7A [April, LOZOPERA TORNELLA, sp. 2. (Pl. II, fig. 4). Antenne brownish-grey. Palpi pale straw-whitish, strongly shaded with chestnut- brown on their outer sides. Head straw-whitish above. Thorax whitish-strami- neous, the base of the tegule chestnut-brown. Fore-wings whitish-stramineous, shining with a primrose gloss, the base of the costa narrowly stained with chestnut- brown and with two pale chestnut-brown oblique transverse fasciz parallel with the termen ; the first commencing at the middle of the costa (where it is slightly pro- duced inwards), is narrowed but not broken beneath, and reaches the dorsum at about one-third ; the second, arising before the tornus, is dilated outwards to the tornus, thence attenuated upwards and slightly enlarged again on the costa and costal cilia— a few silvery scales are visible around the margins of these fasciz ; cilia concolorous with the fore-wings, slightly shaded with chestnut-brown at the base near the tornus. Under-side dark brownish-grey ; cilia pale primrose-yellow. Hap. al., 14—19 mm. Hind-wings dark grey, with a slight tawnly gloss; a distinct broad grey shade along the base of the shining whitish-cinereous cilia. Under-side leaden-grey; cilia very pale grey. Abdomen dark grey; anal tuft pale primrose. Hind legs whitish- cinereous. Type, 8, Mus. Wism. Hab.: Corsica, Corté, 17, V. Iratny, Pratolino, IV, 1898. France, Cannes, II[I, 1897 (Chapman). Germany, Jena (Schlager), Zell. Coll. Seven specimens taken flying among Uméellifere to the north of the town of Corté where no Crithmum grows; had I at the time recognised the differences which separate them from francillonana, a larger num- ber would have been secured. I had previously met with tornedla at Pratolino, where a single specimen occurred in April, 1893, and have also seen a specimen taken by Dr. Chapman at Cannes in March, 1897. There are four specimens of this species in the Zeller Collection from Jena, sent by Schlager as “ flagellana ?”— one of them is a unicolorous variety having no trace of the fascie. | This species differs from francillonana, F., in the faseize being less oblique and more precisely parallel, and in the lower extremity of the outer fascia being enlarged to cover the tornal angle, not merely sending out a short spur sbove it. It differs also in its paler, more washed out colouring, which does not possess the rich primrose suffusion of that species; the hind-wings are decidedly greyer, not exhibiting a brownish tinge, moreover, the basal line in the cilia is much more distinct and strongly marked, while the cilia themselves are slightly greyer, and the abdomen is decidedly darker than in average specimens of francillonana. As compared with beatricella it differs in the more parallel and paler fasciz, in the diffusion of the lower extremity of the outer fascia to the tornus, and in its extension on the costa towards the apex, also in the darker under-side of the fore-wings and in the chestnut spot at the base of the tegulee. 1898.] 75 LOZOPERA BEATRICELLA, Sp. N. (Pl. II, fig. 5). Antenne pale primrose above, brownish-cinereous beneath, basal joint brownish- ochreous. Palpi pale primrose-yellow, shaded externally with pale nut-brown. Head and thoraz pale primrose-yellow. Fore-wings rather shining, primrose-yellow, with two oblique nut-brown transverse fasciz (having a few leaden-grey scales visible around their margins), and a smear of the same colour along the base of the costa ; the first fascia starting from the middle of the costa is bent (almost broken) at the upper edge of the cell, where it is slightly diffused outward, starting afresh from its inner margin it throws out a slight excrescence on the middle of the cell, and is again sometimes attenuated at the lower edge of the cell, thence dilated again to the dorsum before the middle; the outer fascia is equal in average width to the first (both being broader than in francillonana), and leaving the costa before the apex passes obliquely to the dorsum before the tornus, it is slightly indented beyond the upper angle of the cell, and considerably widened outward above the tornus, expand- ing again on the dorsum before it; the space between these fasciee is slightly attenuated from costa to dorsum as in francillonana (in which species, however, the fascie are more oblique, whereas, in ¢ornella, they are almost invariably parallel, and are less oblique than in francillonana) ; cilia pale primrose-yellow. Under-side greyish-brown; cilia very pale primrose. zp. al., 14—16 mm. Hind-wings brownish-grey ; cilia whitish-cinereous, with a slight shade line running through them near their base. Under-side grey, with a slight tinge of darker grey towards the apex; cilia lacking the primrose tint of those of the fore-wings. Abdomen grey ; anai tuft primrose. Legs whitish-cinereous. Type, 3 &. Hab. : Eneuann, Leiston (Suffolk). Larva in stems of Pastinaca sativa (?), 1V. Twenty-three specimens. This species is named after my sister, Mrs. Carpenter (the re- discoverer of Antispila rivillei, Stn., who bred a good series in either 1879 or 1880 from larve found at Leiston (Suffolk) in April in stems of an Umbellifer, believed at the time to be Pastinaca sativa. She appears to have noticed then that the species differed from franeillo- nana, but it had escaped my attention until now. LOZOPERA FLAGELLANA, Dp. (Pl. II, fig. 3). Hab.: Germany. Larva in stems of Eryngium campestre. This species is probably more widely distributed, but this cannot be assumed from mere records of captures which may really refer to some of the other species of the group. A specimen from Sarepta -(S. E. Russia) in the Zeller Collection, unfortunately with the abdo- men missing, is apparently flagellana. G2 76 (April, Loz Pera DILUcIDANA, Stph. (Pl. II, fig. 6). = Tortrix flagellana, Dp. + ¢, Z. Is., 1847, 668. ! Hab.: Exewuanp. Stciny, Syracuse, 11, V (var. c, Zell. Coll.). Larva in stems of Pastinaca sativa and Heracleum sphondylium. The specimen which Zeller records in the Isis as flagellana, var. c, from Syracuse is really dilucidana, Stph. This species has probably been overlooked in intermediate localities, and I cannot say with certainty that it occurs elsewhere. These two species are easily separable from those above described by the first fascia being invariably broken below the costa in both, and the second also in flagellana. EXPLANATION OF PLATE II. Fig. 1—Lozopera francillonana, ¥. Fig. 4—Lozopera tornella, W\sm. » 2 5 bilbaénsis, Rsslr. » 13 beatricella, Wl1sm. » &— a flagellana, Dp. » b6— ih dilucidana, Stph. (a, lateral aspect ; b, dorsal aspect ; ¢, ventral aspect; d, anal aspect). Merton Hall, Thetford : February, 1898. NOTE ON THE LARVA OF CIDARIA SAGITTATA. BY HERBERT FORTESCUE FRYER. In looking through an old volume of the Ent. Mo. Mag. (vol. xii, 1875-6) I came across a note by Mr. William Saunders on a habit of the larva of Cidaria sagittata. Mr. Saunders says, on the authority of Mr. Alfred Fryer, con- firmed by his own observations, that these larve have a habit of “ onawing the stems of their food-plant and feeding on the withered leaves.” For some years I bred this species annually, and I have had it feeding naturally in my garden on three species of Thalictrum, T. flavum (its food-plant in a wild state) 7. aquilegifolium and (but only occasionally), on Z. minus. Eventually I lost it, and I then transplanted some of the food-plant from the locality given by Newman to a ditch on one of my farms, and founded a colony, now some five or six years old. I have entered into these particulars to show that I have had some opportunity of watching this very retiring species (I say retiring, 1898.] ai for the imago is rarely seen in its natural state, and then only by the light of the lantern, when the 9 is depositing her eggs). Even under these favourable conditions for observation I have, however, not noticed the habit above referred to. In the following notes I must hope for the indulgence of your readers, should I be merely a purveyor of stale news, indulgence towards an old collector who, in his mature years, is beginning again ostensibly “‘just to start the boy in the right way.” The egg of C. sagittata has a very close resemblance to the stamens of T. flavum, on which it is often deposited, both in shape and in its bright yellow colour. The young larva, when first hatched, is of the same colour, still in imitation of the stamens among which it conceals itself while feeding on the flower-parts. As it increases in size it turns to a light brown, the stamens having by this time fulfilled their office and faded to the same colour. Here, again, the resemblance is main- tained. Later still, when the seeds are formed, the larva feeds on them, and as each seed is cleaned out or partially eaten it becomes brown, giving the panicle a variegated appearance of yellow-green and brown. The larva has now acquired its well-known rich banded colouring of brown and shades of green, imitating respectively the empty brown seed-husks and the untouched green seeds of the food-plant. So close is this imitation that it requires a quick eye to detect the larva, sitting as it nearly invariably does, in a curved position in the panicle. As far as I have observed the seeds form the most usual food of C. sagittata in a state of nature, and the larva only touches the leaves when compelled to do so from lack of its proper food, and possibly when on its way down the stem when descending for pupation. Returning for a moment to the question of colour, I have been puzzled by the occurrence in some seasons of a type of larva, in which the brown tones become a rich purple and the green a deep shade of apple-green. It may possibly be, however, that this is a reversion, caused by seasonal influence, to an earlier form which had for its food-plant one of the more richly-coloured species of Thalictrum such as T. aquileqifolium. I hope this season to make more accurate notes on this subject, and if I find I am wrong, to cry peccavi with the best grace I have at command. The Priory, Chatteris : February 18th, 1898. P.S.—After writing the above it occurred to me, before sending it to you to send it to my uncle, Mr. Alfred Fryer, for his remarks, and I think I cannot do better than send these in extenso, on the principle that “ every poison has its antidote.’—H. F. F. 78 a (April, “T can confirm all you have said about the early state of the larva, but none the less it is a fact that in its more mature state it feeds on the partial leaf-stalks and leaves, as described in Newman. Saunders called it the ‘ Trade-Mark,’ and we used to look for the bitten leaf-stalks and dangling leaves as the readiest guide to the larvee. “T cannot call to mind a single instance in which I have found the mature larva in any considerable quantity on a plant which was not thus bitten, and I have collected, and seen collected, many hundreds. This last season I noticed the larva of another species feeding on the seeds of Thalictrum flavum, so we must not credit C. sagittata with all the gnawed seeds. “T have noticed that when the mature larve feed on or inhabit the leaves and stems, they are more brightly coloured than when confined to the panicles. In conclusion, I must remind you that the ‘bitten’ state of the plant with dangling leaflets all over it betrayed, in the first instance, the existence of a larva, and led to the discovery of the larva of this species heretofore unknown.—A. F.” A NEW MARINE HYDROMETRID. BY GEORGE H. CARPENTER, B.Sc., F.E.S. Through the kindness of my friend Mr. J. E. Duerden, Curator ! of the Museum of the Institute of Jamaica at Kingston, I have re- ceived for examination adult and larval specimens of a new and highly interesting marine bug belonging to the family Hydrometride, and allied to Halobates. The insects were collected by Mr. Duerden in January, 1897, skimming over the surface of smooth water beneath mangrove trees, near the head of Kingston Harbour, Jamaica. They resemble Halobates in the absence of wings, and in general appear- ance ; but the abdomen is of more normal development than in the oceanic genus, while there is no fringe of hairs to the tibial and tarsal segments of the second pair of legs. Instead of this, the tarsi of the second pair are provided with an exquisite arrangement of long branched ciliated hairs, which can be spread out like the spokes of a wheel, and thus afford two disc-like areas of support to the insect as it rests on the surface film. TROCHOPUS,* gen. nov. Antenne two-thirds as long as the body; first segment the longest, but only half as long as the other three together ; third segment longer than the second, and second slightly longer than the fourth. Body rhomboidal in form, broadest at region of middle coxe ; wingless; abdomen with reflexed margins, longer than head and thorax together. Femora of equal thickness in all three pairs of legs; coxe of second pair inserted at middle of body, femora reaching just beyond tip of abdomen; femora of third pair barely reaching tip of abdomen. ll tarsi with two segments, * Trochos, a wheel; Pous, a foot. 1898.] 79 but the basal segment in first and third pairs exceedingly small; terminal segment deeply cleft in all three pairs; on the front and hind feet two claws and a stiff bristle are inserted in the tarsal cleft, and a delicate leaf-like process beneath the foot ; within the exceedingly deep cleft of the middle foot are inserted two claws and a branched series of long ciliated hairs. Type: TF marinus, sp. n., from Jamaica. TROCHOPUS MARINUS, sp. nov. Length, 3 mm. Black, covered with dense greyish pubescence. Basal parts of first antennal segments and of the front femora, the pronotum,a dorsal longitudinal central line on the mesonotum, the under surface of the thorax, and the trochanters of all the legs, yellow. Tibia of leg of second pair as long as the two tarsal seg- ments together, proximal tarsal segment half as long again as distal, which bears in its cleft a set of ciliated hairs, with sixteen to twenty branches. Locality : Kingston Harbour, Jamaica. The head of this insect is rounded in front, the antenne being inserted beneath and in front of the eyes. The first segment of the antenna is curved and slightly club-shaped, bearing three or four spines towards the tip; the second segment is thickened distally ; the third is cylindrical; and the fourth is fusiform; there are no “jointlets”’ as in Halobates. Ocelli are wanting. The rostrum is of the form usual in the group, with four segments, of which the first two are short and the third the longest ; the tip reaches beyond the insertion of the front legs (figs. 1, 2,7). The thorax shows the normal threefold segmentation above. The pronotum is narrow and transverse; the mesonotum large and hexagonal, with sinuate hind margin; the metanotum narrow and transverse. Beneath, the prothorax and meso- thorax are fused together, while the metasternum is transverse and similar to the abdominal sterna. The front pair of legs are inserted close together near the centre of the body. The mesothorax and metathorax are expanded laterally to receive the large globular coxee of the second and hind pairs of legs. The abdomen is composed of nine visibie segments above and below, the first sternite being largely hidden by the metasternum. In the female the broad reflexed margins reach back to the hinder edge of the seventh segment (fig. 1). The eighth segment is divided beneath by a longitudinal cleft (fig. 7), the ninth is hemispherical. In the male the reflexed margins are continuous with the pleure of the ninth seg- ment (fig. 8). The eighth segment beneath has a concave hinder edge with a small central prominence (figs. 9, 10), from which project a pair of claspers with bluntly curved tips armed with numerous short spines, joined together above by a chitinous bar (fig. 8), and surrounded by a fine delicate membrane Whether these claspers are normally in the protruded condition shown in the single specimen which I have figured (figs. 8, 9, 10) must remain doubtful for the present. I can detect no other sexual distinction in the specimens before me. The front legs are of moderate length, the femora evenly cylindrical and fur- nished with a series of long, fine hairs (fig. 1). The tibiw are thickened distally and clothed with numerous hairs, some of which, overhanging the foot, are club-shaped (fig. 3). The tarsus has two segments, of which the proximal is very small and hard SO (April, to make out; the distal segment has a deep cleft, wherein are inserted two stout claws and a bristle, as in Halobates, but the delicate leaf-like appendage beneath the foot (fig. 8) is unrepresented in any genus of the family known to me. The tarsus of the third pair is very similar in form, only more elongate (fig. 6), and carries corresponding appendages, the bristle being clubbed. The hind legs are compara- tively short; the femur bears three prominent spines distally, while the tibia is rather strongly spinose throughout its length. The legs of the middle pair are provided only with hairs and bristles ; in these legs the first tarsal segment is longer than the second, which is cleft for the greater part of its length Within the cleft are borne two claws, one of which, scimitar-shaped and ending in a sharp point, projects from the cleft, while the other, upturned and quadrifid at its extremity, lies - in the cleft (figs. 4,5). The bristles of the other feet seem to be represented by the set of branched ciliated hairs. The individual hairs spring at excessively close intervals from a common stem (figs. 5, 13), and each. bears more than a hundred fine cilia. Apparently the whole apparatus can be withdrawn within the cleft, or ex- panded to form a wheel-like disc (fig. 5). It is to be hoped that the use of this unique and wonderful organ in the living insect may be studied by Mr. Duerden and his fellow naturalists in Jamaica. The smallest larva before me measures 1°5 mm. in length (fig. 11). The tarsi have but one segment (fig. 12), but the cleft and ciliated hairs of those of the middle pair hardly differ from the same structures in the adult. The body of the larva is pale and soft, the chitinous tergites of the various segments appearing as paired plates, with a median space between the two plates of each pair (fig. 11). Ina somewhat older larva than that figured the abdominal paired plates have united to form single tergites, while the thoracic tergites remain divided down the middle line. Trochopus is differentiated from all allied genera* by the remarka- ble structure of the feet of the second pair. It is also readily dis- tinguished from the majority of the Halobatine by its elongate abdomen. In this respect it seems to come nearest to the female of Rheumatobates,+ in which the coxe of the hind legs are opposite the fifth abdominal segment. In the male of the same genus these coxe are pushed back opposite the hind extremity of the abdomen, as in Halobates and its nearer allies (Metrocoris, Platygerris, &e.), while in Hermatobates they project beyond the abdominal tip. From this point of view, therefore, Trochopus presents a generalized type of structure (indeed, its abdomen recalls that of Veliine), while in the complexity of the appendages of the feet, it shows higher differentia- tion than can be found in any other genus of the group. * See Lethierry and Severin, “‘ Catalogue Général des Hémiptéres,” Tome iii, Berlin, 1896 (pp. 64—66). Also Bianchi, “Annuaire du Musée Zoologique de lV Acad. Imp. des Sciences de St. Pétersbourg, Tome i, 1896 (pp. 69—74), who gives a useful synopsis of all the genera of the sub- family except my Hermutobates (type, H. Haddonii from Torres Straits), which is easily characterized by the extreme reduction of the abdomen, the immensely thickened front femora, and the three-segmented tarsi on all the legs. + See Riley, Insect Life, vol. v, 1898, pp. 189—194. 1898.] 81 The specimens from which the above descriptions are made have been divided between the Science and Art Museum, Dublin, the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London, and the Museum of the Insti- tute of Jamaica. EXPLANATION OF PLATE III. Fig. 1—Trochopus marinus, gen. et spec. nov. ; female, x 12, upper view. 2 3 3 head, prothorax, rostrum and basal segment of antenne, side view, x 24. Oo 55 ai end of tibia, and tarsus of front leg, x 100. » 4— F FS second tarsal segment of second leg, from above, x 100. » = ” 37 > 5 is from side, x 50. » 6— R 3 end of tibia and tarsus of third leg, x 100. » Im i - female, under view, x 12. » 8— 5 i male, hinder abdominal segments, from above, x 12. De 9 99 0 a 0 from below, x 12. 3 LO— Pp _ » genital segments, from below, x 48. » Ll— as 3 larva, x 12. _l2— 3 3 » front foot, x 100. ~ 1S - Bs system of branched ciliated hairs from foot of second pair, x 200. Dublin: January, 1898. FRAUENFELDIA RUBRICOSA, Ma.: AN ADDITION TO THE BRITISH MUSCIDA (TACHINIDHZ OF VERRALL’S LIST). BY ERNEST E. AUSTEN. FRAUENFELDIA RUBRICOSA, Mg. Tachina rubricosa, Mg., Syst. Beschr.,iv, p. 305 (1824). Rhinophora rubricosa, id., l. ¢., vii, p. 210 (1838). Tachina nigritarsis, Zett., Dipt. Scand., iii, pp. 1169, 1170 (1844) ; viii, p. 3249 (1849) ; hirticornis, id., l. c., pp. 1172, 1173 (1844) ; viii, p- 3250 (1849). Dexia tachiniformis, id., l.c., ii, p. 1280 (1844) ; viii, pp. 3250, 3266 (1849). Tricogena Truquii, Rond., Dipt. Ital. Prodr., v, pp. 157, 158 (1862). Phyto rubricosus, Schin., Faun. Austr. Dipt., i, p. 548 (1862). Frauenfeldia (gen. nov.) rubricosa, Egger, Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, xv, pp. 297—298 (1865) ; rubricosa, Brauer and von Bergenstamm, Denkschr., math.-naturw. Cl. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, lvi, p. 121, Taf. vii, fig. 172 (1889) ; lvili, p. 413; lx, p.224; rubricosa, Brauer, Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, xliii, p. 499 (1893). A single male of the above species was taken at Tring, Herts, at the beginning of July, 1897, by my friend Mr. A. Piffard, who has most unselfishly presented it to the British Museum. As the species is only mentioned, but not described, by Schiner, while, owing to Brauer and von Bergenstamm having overlooked the fact that its facial 92 ; [ April, angles are distinctly convergent, it is impossible to run it down into its proper “Section” by means of Brauer’s “Table I”’ (Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, xliii, p. 463, e¢ seg.), the following summary of its prin- cipal characters may, perhaps, be found useful, since the original description by Meigen, and the subsequent one by Egger, are probably inaccessible to most British Dipterists. 3. Length, 6 mm. (23 lines). Face with a row of bristles on each side between the facial ridge and the eye; arista distinctly pubescent to the tip ; palpi, tip of scutellum, tips of femora beneath, and tibie (except at the base) orange-rufous ; abdomen cylindriform, shining black, orange-rufous on sides of second segment and on those of the first posteriorly, rather more than the anterior halves of the second, third, and fourth segments occupied by transverse bands of yellowish-silvery pollen, interrupted by a shining black median stripe; hypopygium shining black, beneath it two vertical orange-rufous lobes. Head squarish when seen in profile, clothed with greyish pollen ; front broad, slightly narrower than the eye, with black median stripe occupying one-third of its width ; orbital sete, three on each side; antenne black, tips of first and second joints orange on inside; the pubescence on the arista easily seen when examined with a platyscopic lens of medium strength; the row of setz on the face is formed by the continuation downwards of the frontal series on each side; it terminates a little above the lower margin of the eye, and the three lowest bristles are the strongest ; eyes bare; facial angles convergent, contracting the clypeus immediately above the oral margin in front ; vibrissz stout, oral setze confined to the facial angles ; oral margin, and the depression behind the facial angle on each side rufous. Thorax grey, with three black stripes, and clothed with strong bristles. Abdomen without discal macrochetz, the marginal ones confined to the second, third, and fourth segments ; first segment with a shimmering pollinose patch on each side of the median stripe, which is here broader. Hypopygium shining black; immediately below it two vertical spatulate lobes, which are orange-rufous posteriorly. Wings somewhat greyish ; terminal portion of fourth vein but slightly concave outwards; first posterior cell narrowly open, or closed on margin of wing, which it reaches shortly before the tip; no appendix to angle of fourth vein; costal spine (Rand- dorn) conspicuous; sete on the third vein confined to one or two (one of which is of considerable size) at its extreme base, where a thickened spot marks the point of divergence of the second and third veins. Legs black, the tips of the femora beneath (in the case of the middle and posterior pairs more extensively than in that of the front pair), and the tibie, except rather more than the basal third, orange- rufous ; anterior claws long and slender. @. For the sake of completeness, I translate the following remarks from Egger’s paper (loc. cit., p. 298): “In the female, which was unknown to Meigen, the basal joints of the antennz are yellow, the abdomen is flattened oval in shape, shining dark brown, with bright white bands on the anterior margins of the rings, and a black dorsal stripe. The sides are not translucent; the legs are for the most part yellow, only the anterior femora are black right to the extreme tip ; the tarsi brown.” 1898.1 83 That the older authors were in doubt as to the true systematic position of this species will have been inferred already from the synonymy given above. Meigen himself, after describing it, wrote: “Perhaps this species would stand better with Sarcophaga, to which it has great similarity.” The ¢, at any rate, certainly possesses a general likeness to a small Sarcophaga, especially in the contour of the body when the insect is viewed from above, and the resemblance is of course enhanced when the face is seen to be setigerous; but it is distinguished at once by the arista being pubescent right to the tip, by the broader front, the convergent facial angles, and the absence of an appendix to the angle of the fourth vein. On subsequently assigning the species to Rhinophora, Meigen placed it in a division of the genus which he characterized by the absence of a stalk to the first posterior cell (MMtttelzelle), and the presence of a costal spine. In describing the species as a Dexia, Zetterstedt was doubtless influenced by the pubescent arista, though he heads his description, “Species dubia.” The true systematic position of Frauenfeldia is next to the genus Brachycoma, which it resembles, owing to the face being setigerous, and by reason of other characters. In Prof. Brauer’s final arrange- ment of the genera of the “ Muscaria schizometopa”’ [ Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, xliii, pp. 510—516 (1893) ], Frauenfeldia is reduced to the level of a sub-genus of Brachycoma, but for this step I can find no justifi- cation; the pubescent arista, different shape of the palpi, different shape of the first posterior cell, and the fact that it is closed, or nearly so, on the margin of the wing, and also that on the third vein bristles are confined to the extreme base, instead of clothing it from the base to the anterior transverse vein ; and last, though by no means least, the remarkable lamelliform appendanges to the male genitalia— all these are characters which render it impossible that Frauenfeldia rubricosa, Mg., can be congeneric with Brachycoma devia, Rond. Owing to the fact that, as has been mentioned above, the facial angles in Frauenfeldia are convergent, it will be necessary to modify Brauer and von Bergenstamm’s definition of their “ Group ” or “ Section”’ RurnopHora, which includes the genera Brachycoma, Frauenfeldia, Rhinophora, and certain non-British forms. In conclusion it may be remarked that as the host of FHrauenfeldia rubricosa is at present unknown, breeders of Lepidoptera might add to our knowledge by keeping a look out for the fly. British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London, 8.W. February 11th, 1898. S4 [April, HARPALUS FR@LICHI, Sturm (TARDUS, Pz.): AN ADDITION TO THE BRITISH LIST. BY E. A. NEWBERY. This interesting addition to our list was taken in some small numbers by Mr. Claude Morley and Mr. Ernest Elliott on the 4th and 29th of May last, beneath stones and logs on what Mr. Morley calls “Foxhall Plateau,’ a barren wind-swept field just a mile from Martlesham Heath and four miles from Ipswich. The locality appears to be a good one for Carabide, Mr. Morley having taken as many as 13 species of Amara there. A, Frelichi, Sturm, is regarded by M. Bedel and other conti- nental authorities as the true tardus, Pz., the species standing as tardus in our lists and collections being called rwfimanus, Marsh. It is very probable we shall have to make this correction. | HI, Frelichi, by its short broad form, thorax not narrowed behind, and shining black colour, is very nearly allied to H. serripes, Quens.,and among British Harpalz can only be mistaken for that species or rufimanus, Marsh. (tardus, Brit. Cat.). It may readily be separated from both by the characters given by Bedel. I have made uee of these in the following table :— A. Posterior femora having numerous setigerous punctures on the internal margin. Thorax strongly transverse, form short, broad and convex, antennz short, yellow-red, elytra nearly as shining in 2 asin g ...... Hi. Frelichi, Sturm. (ardus, Pz.). B. Posterior femora having from 3 to 8 punctures. I. Antenne and palpi having the middle joints spotted with black, form broad and convex, elytra nearly as shining in 2 asin @ ...#H. serripes, Quens. II. Antenne and palpi entirely yellow-red, form narrower and but little convex, Spshiunine ec? sdulll 5 eee ness eoreeenen season ee H. rufimanus, Marsh. tardus, Brit. Cat. With regard to these setigerous punctures, they are by no means confined to the posterior femora; all the femora and the intercoxal prominence being much more hairy than in the two allied species. Fauconnet, in his tables, gives 12 to 14 as the number on the femora of Frelichi, and 3 to 4 in serripes and rufimanus. The latter hardly appears to be correct, but is worth mentioning as an approximation. British insects are usually carded, and it is therefore as well to mention that in Frelichi the thorax is remarkably short and broad, being almost double as broad as long, with its sides narrowed from the base to the apex and not rounded, as in the two allied species. The size is about that of average rufimanus (tardus, Brit. Cat.). 12, Churchill Road, N.W.: February 21st, 1898. 1898.) ea) or We have received the following additional note from Mr. C. Morley.—Eps. Foxhall is a tiny little village upon a gentle acclivity on the banks of a small stream, a tributary of the River Deben. The parish includes a part of the sandy heath, upon the border of which is the “ Plateau”” on the north, and some poor marsh land on the south. Parallel with the stream through Foxhall and Brightwell, but extending in the north to Waldringfield and Martlesham, runs a narrow strip of the Red Crag from the Deben to the Orwell, resting at this point upon the London Clay at a depth of forty-two feet from the surface, and capped by the Glacial Drift and rubble. In this neighbourhood is a wide stretch of sandy soil, of which there is little in the county, and wherever the crag is present the soil appears of a light and unstable nature. Beyond the Deben the crag broadens out, reaching as far as Dunwich and Southwold, and throughout this district it is quite probable H. Frelichi is to be sought with tolerable chance of success. The particular spot of capture is a field just 100 feet above sea-level, upon which many attempts have been made to raise corn, but all have failed dismally, and copious manuring has raised nothing but fine crops of bracken! The major part of the field, as a last resource, has just been ploughed and planted with Conifere, much, I fear, to the detriment of the propagation of our Harpalus. A curious fact is that I have searched the same spot for several consecutive seasons, and in 1896 turned over the same stones beneath which H. Frelichi occurred last year without obtaining a single specimen, Mr. Elliott and I secured in all fifteen specimens, twelve males and three females. two of the former are now in the British Museum, and I hope to obtain it and dis- tribute it among my friends again this year. Sandhill species, such as Sitones griseus, Cneorhinus geminatus, Calathus flavipes, Broscus cephalotes, Coccinella 11-punctata, &c., occur on the “ Plateau,” and it was my friend Dr. Taylor’s opinion that marine plants are attracted by the soda which enters into the drift sand of the felspar, and hence the occurrence of such species at a distance of six miles from the sea at its nearest point. About a mile distant Kirby first took Cieindela sylvatica in Britain.* Harpalus Frelichi, Sturm, would appear to be a somewhat scarce species upon the continent. Fairmaire says it is rare on sandhills in Northern France, but Bedel has found it occasionally in numbers, especially in April, in the Seine basin. It is recorded from a number of localities throughout Germany, though occurring apparently commonly nowhere. Its southern distribution seems to be limited by the Austrian mountain ranges, whence it is recorded by Sturm in his original description (“ Deutschlands Insecten,” 1815), and Dr. Seidlitz mentions Transsylvania. It is included in Thomson’s ‘“‘Skandinaviens Coleoptera,” but does not probably occur much further north than the Riga district. The three specimens of this species (females) in the British Museum have the margins of the thorax red; they were taken at Stettin, and acquired in the collection of the late Herr Braasche in Octo- ber, 1857.,—CLaupE Mortey, Ipswich: March, 1898. * “Captain ericeto dicto Martlesham Heath, juxta Woodbridge, in Suffolcia, Septembre ineunto, 1797, D. Kirby.” —Marsham. + Dr. Seidlitz (Fauna Baltica; die Kaefer, 1891) says :—Frélichii, Sturm., = segnis, Dej., = tardus, Bedel; und adds, ‘‘ Panzers Beschreibuug u. Abbildung des C. tardus giebt durchaus keinen Anlass ihn auf Frélichii anstatt auf die bisher von allen Autoren als tardus, Pz., beschrie- bene Art zu beziehen. 86 (April, Micro-Lepidoptera in Cumberland.—Crambus sylvellus (adipellus).—Not un- common on very wet and boggy heath ground at Bolton Fell on June 26th. They were flying among thousands of Pleurota bicostella, and were difficult to separate from that species while on the wing. Two specimens came, later, to our sugar. The ground which it frequented was so wet as to be difficult to travel over. Eudorea truncicolella.—In woods. £. muralisand HL. crategella.—Not common. Cryptoblabes bistriga.—A single specimen beaten out of birch in a large wood. Peronea mixtana.—On the heaths. Sciaphila conspersana, Dougl.—We took over twenty specimens on July 17th in a corner of a large damp meadow, bordered by woods ; they appeared to frequent black knapweed (Centaurea nigra), for wherever that plant was thickest the moth was most readily disturbed. A few were beaten out of birch trees along the edge of the woods. 8S. hybridana.—Found in the same woods. Penthina marginana.—Once taken in one of our woods, but locality uncertain. | Sericoris conchana.—In marshy meadows. 8S. micana.—This species used to be taken by the old collectors many years ago, but for the last ten years had not been seen until last year, when Mr. Day and I found it in profusion, in one corner only, of a meadow which was sheltered by a wood. It was flying among various grasses, black knapweed, yellow rattle, and scabious ; the females seemed to outnumber the males. Phoxopteryx Mitterbacheriana, P. uncana, P. biarcuana.—Found in various places on the hills. Mizxodia rubiginosana.—Beaten singly from fir, in May, in two of our larger woods. , Phleodes tetraquetrana.—In woods. P. immundana.—In damp spots among alder. Grapholitha trimaculana.—Very few taken, and these all on walls in the town ; one is an exceedingly fine dark variety. ' Carpocapsa splendana.—in oak woods. Halonota scutulana.—In marshy meadows. Retinia pinivorana.—Among fir trees in various woods. Stigmonota dorsana.—Four beautiful specimens of this rare species were taken on May 28rd, flying among rough herbage on a railway embankment. S. internana. —Six specimens were taken early in May, flying in the sunshine over furze bushes ; with them was one specimen of S. coniferana, and another was beaten out of fir on May 20th. S. nitidana.—Also in woods. Coccyx splendidulana.—Also in woods. Heusimene fimbriana.—One specimen only, beaten out of oak. Dicrorampha herbosana.—Very{common among furze bushes. Lobesia permiztana (reliquana).—In woods. Eupecilia ciliella.—Common, (flying among heather and coarse grasses, at the end of April and in May. Scardia arcella.—A single specimen beaten out of hazel. Tinea misella.—Very common in a stable in the town, where it appears to feed on the horse-corn, consisting of crushed oats, beans, peas, &c. 7’. fuscipunctella, T. biselliella, in houses. : Swammerdamia griseocapitella, S. pyrella.—In woods. 1398. ] 87 Adela rufimitrella.—About a dozen specimens seen sitting on flowers of ladies’ smock (Cardamine pratensis) in a reedy, marshy place. Cerostoma vittella.—Among elms close to the town. Harpella scabrella.—In woods, among crab. Gelechia ethiops.—On open heaths, May 15th. G. notatella, G. sororculella, G. politella.—In marshy meadows and heaths surrounded by woods. G. viscariella. —Three specimens taken from a bed of nettles. G. desertella.—On the sea coast. G. ericinella.—On open heaths. G. dodecella.—among fir in the woods. Anarsia spartiella.—On heaths among the woodlands. Gecophora fuscescens.—In the town, not common. Gracilaria elongella, var. stramineella.—Varies much and into beautiful forms ; not uncommon among birch in damp woods. G. tringipennella.—less common. Ornix Loganella.—Common in woods among mountain ash. Ocnerostoma piniariella.—Common among fir. Batraechedra preangusta.—In profusion upon two sallow trees, sitting among the lichen on their trunks. Cedestis farinatella._-Common among fir. Laverna atra.—Common in hedges. Elachista apicipunctella.—Common in damp woods. J. atricomella, H. zonar- iella, E. ochreella.— Less common in similar woods Nepticula argentipedella, N. eneofasciella.—Also in the woods. Wicropteryx semipurpurella, M. purpurella, M. unimaculella.—Common in extensive woods and heaths among birch. MU. Sparmannellan—Much less frequent. Eriocephala Allionella.—In moist woods and meadows. LL. calthella.—Com- mon in mosses.—G. WILKINSON, 18, Hast Norfolk Street, Denton Holme, Carlisle : March 7th, 1898. Deilephila galii bred by forcing.—1 succeeded in forcing out a perfect speci- men of Deilephila galii from pupa, the larva recorded last summer (Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxxili, p. 212). It emerged on’ December 8th. My previous attempts at forcing had failed, so I was somewhat surprised! Sand seems to be the best medium, as it lets off excess of water yet is porous for moisture from below.—C. F. Brn- THALL, Cofton Vicarage, Starcross, Devon: March, 1898. Polyommatus Alexis (?) in February.—On Tuesday of last week (tle 15th inst.) a blue butterfly was seen by my son in the grounds of Dover College, where it settled for an instant upon the ground near him. He did not know the species, but from its resting thus I should not think it to be Polyommatus Argiolus, but a pre- maturely emerged P. Alexis, the larva of which must have fed up instead of hiber- nating during this extraordinarily mild winter.—SyDNEY WEBB, Dover: February 22nd, 1898. Bembidium punctulatum, Drap., in the Lea Valley.—Canon Fowler (Col. Brit. Islands, i, p. 119) records this species as “rare in the London district,” and gives three localities in Surrey in which it has been taken. I am pleased to be able to add a uew locality for it on the northern side of the metropolis, as on February 6th last 88 (April, I found a single specimen at the base of a willow at Chingford Ferry, Lea Valley. I have since searched in vain for further examples in this spot, but I do not despair of being able to turn up the species elsewhere in the Valley. The individual agrees with others sent me by Mr. J. H. Keys of Plymouth.—F. B. Jennina@s, 152, Silver Street, Upper Edmonton: March 19th, 1898. An additional character in the male of Homalota marcida, Hr.—An apparently overlooked and good distinguishing character is to be found in the male of this species. In this sex the head is furnished in the centre between the eyes with a small but distinct shining tubercle, which appears somewhat keel-shaped, and varies slightly in size in different specimens, but is always sufficiently distinct to be easily observed with a Coddington lens. A structural development of this nature on the head would appear to be decidedly unusual among the Aleocharine at all events. I can find no reference to this sexual peculiarity of H. marcida in Canon Fowler’s British Coleoptera, nor in the Genera et Species Staphylinorum (Erichson), or the Coléoptéres de France (Brévipennes) (Mulsant and Rey); the last mentioned authors remark upon and figure the thickening of the third joint of the antenne, which is a further distinguishing mark of the male of this species.—H. G@rorGE Eriiman, Chesham, Bucks: March 11th, 1898. A new way of packing Coleoptera sent long distances.—To save damage to specimens when sent long distances by post, or otherwise, careful packing is of course always necessary, and the following method having been suggested to me, and found to work well in practice, I think the description may be of use. The specimens are placed unmounted in a tin, one on the other till it is full, and then melted best paraffine wax poured in till it covers all the beetles. On receipt warm the tin till the wax becomes fluid, drain the insects on blotting paper, and remove any of the ‘superfluous wax with a camel’s hair pencil well moistened in spirit of chloroform. Hairy specimens had better be soaked in ether instead of brushing with chloroform, and dried ina draught. Whether the method of packing in wax would be applica- ble to the tropics depends upon the sample employed, as the melting point varies (I believe) from 110° to 145° Fahr.—T. A. GuraLp SrrickLanp, 28, Elm Park Gardens, 8S.W.: February, 1898. [In reply to doubts expressed by us as to the feasibility of subjecting hairy beetles to this method, Mr. Strickland has sent us a Cockchafer treated by it. The result is fairly satisfactory, but the pilosity on the sternum is somewhat “laid.”— Eps. ]. Oxycera dives, Loew, at Rannoch, and notes on the genus.—I was fortunate enough to take a specimen of this large dark winged fly at Rannoch on June 18th, 1896. It has been seen by Mr. Austen, who thinks it is probably referable to this species. Walker records a specimen in the collection of the Entomological Club, but gives no locality. The species of Oxycera appear to fall naturally into four sections, thus— Females with yellow stripes on the thorax—rara, pardalina, formosa, &e. Females with yellow spots on the head—Morrissti, longicornis, &c. 1898.7 89 Both sexes of the same colour—analis, terminata, &c. Females with yellow collars—trilineata, muscaria, &c. This was my father’s favourite genus, and he took all the recorded species at Glanvilles Wootton, except dives and Falleni.—C. W. Datz, Glanvilles Wootton : January 5th, 1898. Injury to cloth by Sirex juvencus.—I was told the other day by a tweed mer- chant that he had had some cloth destroyed by a new insect pest, so voracious as to eat the very boards on which the cloth was rolled. I called at the warehouse and was shown about six yards of cloth pierced with two parallel rows of round holes. I did not see the flies at the time, but have had two sent me since. An examination of the board, which is of fir and much worm eaten, shows that they have emerged from the board, and that the destruction of the cloth is merely the result of their en- deavour to escape, in accomplishing which the smaller fly had pierced twelve and the other no less than fifteen plies, or more than an inch in thickness of solid cloth. —W. Grant GururRie, 6, Lockhart Place, Hawick, N.B.: February, 1898. [The two flies are males of Sirex juvencus, one of them of remarkably small 8ize.—EDs. ]. Sovteties. BIRMINGHAM ENtomonoagicaL Society: February Vth, 1898. — ANNUAL Meetine.—Mr. G. T. Bernune-Baxer, F.L.S., President, in the Chair. The Annual Reports of the Council, Treasurer, and Librarian were received, and the Officers and Council elected. Mr. G. T. Bethune-Baker being re-elected President ; Mr. P. W. Abbott, Vice-President ; Mr. R. C. Bradley, Treasurer; Mr. A. H. Martineau, Librarian ; and Mr. C. J. Wainwright, Hon. Secretary. Mr. P. W. Abbott showed Hemerophila abruptaria, one of the ordinary pale form, from Sutton, and a short series from North London, all more or less dark ; one of these latter was caught on the door of a coal cellar, and was very dark, quite evenly suffused with dark umber, with the black transverse lines distinct, and some of the pale lines showing, also the thorax remained pale; the remainder were bred by Mr. W. A. Southey, and one of them was quite as dark as the caught one, the rest showing the usual arrangement of colours and markings, but the ground-colour was throughout darker. Mr. R. C. Bradley showed Diodontus tristis (1 g and 2 2); 1 Pemphredon lethifer, 8; 1 Psen pallipes, 9; and 1 Sphecodes pilifrons, 3; all from Sutton, 1897.—Corpran J. Wainwricut, Hon. Secretary. THe SourH Lonpon EntomMonoeicaL and Naturan History Society: January 13th, 1897.—Mr. R. AKIN, F.E.S., President, in the Chair. Mr. Mansbridge exhibited a photograph of an ash and an elm tree, taken in winter, to show the destructive character of their branching. Mr. Adkin, minor varieties of Pararge Megera, and contributed notes thereon. Mr. W. G. Pearce brought a series of very dark Hemerophila abruptaria, bred from ova laid by a female captured in north London. The Secretary read a paper communicated by H 90 [April, Prof. A. Radcliffe Grote, A.M., entitled, “ The wing and larval characters of the Emperor Moths,” and exhibited the following species in illustration :—Saturnia pavonia, Aglia tau, Automeris Io, Hemileuca Maia, Citheronia imperialis, and Attacus speculifer, kindly lent by Mr. C. G. Barrett. January 27th—AnnuaL Mrrtine.—The President in the Chair. ' Reports of the satisfactory condition of the Society were read from the Council and Treasurer. The balance was somewhat smaller than usual, owing to the first part of the 1897 Proceedings being printed in the current year. The following Officers and Council were then elected:—President, J. W. Tutt, F.H.S.; Vice- Presidents, R. Adkin, F.E.S., W. Mansbridge, F.E.S.; Treasurer, T. W. Hall, F.E.S.; Librarian, H. A. Sauzé; Curator, W. West; Hon. Secretaries, Stanley Edwards, F.L.S., H. J. Turner, F.E.S.; Council, T. A. Chapman, M.D., F.ES., F. Clark, A. W. Dennis, A. Harrison, F.E.S., F.C.S., W. J. Lucas, B.A., R. South, F.E.S., H. Tunaley, F.H.S. The retiring President then read his Address: he dealt at length with matters concerning the well-being of the Society, summarized the entomological work of the past year, referred in detail to the more important works which had recently been published, and then passed on to a general con- sideration of the bearing of the theory of evolution on our views of nature. Mr. Lucas exhibited a specimen of the earwig, Forficula Lesnei, taken at Reigate in October, 1897, by Mr. West (Greenwich), of which only two specimens had previously been recorded in Britain, and contributed notes on its structure, habits, and occurrence. February 10th.—Mr. J. W. Tutt, F.H.S., President, in the Chair. Mr. H. J. Crow, of Brixton, and Mr. E. R. Hillsworth, of Stratford, were elected Members. j It was announced that Mr. Mansbridge had resigned, owing to his leaving England, and that Mr. Tunaley, F.E.S., had been chosen to fill the vacancy as Vice- President, and that Mr. H. Moore had been elected on the Council. Mr. McArthur exhibited under-side varieties of Polyommatus bellargus and P. Corydon, the latter being almost devoid of ocelli. Mr. Dennis, three parts grown larve of Callimorpha Hera, from ova sent by Mr. Tutt while collecting in the Alps in 1897. They had fed all the winter. Mr. Tunaley, long bred series of Retinia resinella from Aviemore. Mr. Routledge, a variety of Hnodia hyperanthus from Carlisle, having a broad whitish submarginal band on the under-sides of the hind-wing, embracing the ocelli,and also two females of Acosmetia caliginosa taken in the same locality by Mr. Day. Mr. Lucas, imagines and living nymphs of Calopteryx splendens from Fleet, and contributed notes on the specific characters and habits of the nymphs. Mr. Adkin, specimens of Dianthecia luteago, v. Barrettii, from Howth. Major Ficklin, the same species taken in Cornwall, and which form Mr. Tutt had named v. Ficklini. Mr. Tutt, on behaif of Rev. F. E. Lowe, of Guernsey, a third form, bred from pupa, taken under Silene maritima, and which he had named v. Lowe?. A considerable discussion ensued on the singular variation shown in this species, practically invariable in the same locality, but each locality possessing a distinct race. Mr. Tutt also exhibited, on behalf of Mr. Lowe, a fine aberration of Melanippe sociata, in which the central band of the wings was almost completely obliterated ; and, on behalf of Mr. Pearce, of Hackney, all the melanie specimens 1898. | 91 of Hemerophila abruptaria bred by him during the last three years, some dozens, including extremes and intermediates, and one partially gynandrous.—H. J. TURNER, Hon. Secretary. Entomotogicat Society oF Lonpon: February 16th, 1898.—Mr. G. H. VERRALL, Vice-President, in the Chair. Mr. G. C. Champion exhibited specimens of Zsodermus Gayi, Spin., from the Straits of Magellan, and J. planus, Er., from Tasmania, both found by Mr. J. J. Walker. The genus Jsodermus, belonging to the Aradide, afforded an interesting case of geographical distribution, the only known species occurring in Chili, Australia, and Tasmania. Mr. C. O. Waterhouse referred to the similar distribution of other species of insects, which went to support the theory of a former connection between South America and Australia. Mr. Champion also showed an example of Bagous lutosus, Gyll., from Sweden. This insect had been on the British list singe the time of Stephens, but possibly in error, as all the examples he had seen in collections were wrongly so named. Mr. Jacoby exhibited a pair of the singular weevil, Apoderus tenuissimus, Pasc., from the Philippines. Mr. Burr, species of Orthoptera, of the family Humastacide, resembling dead leaves. This was the only family of Acrydiide in which such resemblances were found. Dr. Chapman, a specimen of Zygena exulans with six wings, the supernumerary pair arising between the normal left fore-wing and the corresponding leg on the same side. The uppermost wing appeared normal in every respect, the second was a reduced copy of the basal half of a fore-wing, and the third a portion of crumpled wing-structure. Mr. O. E.. Janson, a pale variety of the rare Papilio mikado taken in south Japan. Mr. Tutt, a variety of Hnodia hyperanthus taken by Mr. F. H. Day near Carlisle, and banded on the under-side like a Cenonympha; alsotwo moths from the same neighbourhood, which, after careful comparison, he regarded as females of Hydrilla palustris. This sex was almost or quite undiscovered in Great Britain, and the occurrence of the species so far from the fen district was remarkable. Mr. H. J. Elwes read a paper, entitled, “ A Further Revision of the Genus Hrebia,’ which was illustrated by the exhibition of examples of every known species. Tracing the geographical distri- bution, he stated that the principal European centres of the genus were the Pyrenees, and especially the Alps, only a few forms occurring in Scandinavia, while the Ural Mountains and Caucasus were almost destitute of species. The genus became abundant in E. Siberia, from which region a few N. American forms appeared to have been derived. Dr. Chapman also read a paper “On the Species of the Genus Erebia, a Revision based on the male Appendages,” illustrated with drawings of these organs in about sixty species. In connection with the above papers, Mr. Tutt exhibited and made remarks on long series of Hrebia Nerine, E. glacialis, EH. Euryale, BE. ligea, &c., chiefly from the Alps.—W. F. H. Buanprorp and F. MeERRIFIELD, Hon. Secretaries. March 2nd, 1898.—Mr. G. H. Verrat, Vice-President, in the Chair. The following were elected Fellows of the Society :—Miss Margaret Fountaine, 7, Lansdowne Place, Bath; Mr. J. H. Carpenter, Shirley, St. James’s Road, Sutton, Surrey; Mr. G. O. Day, Parr’s Bank House, Knutsford; Mr. F. E. Filer, 58, Southwark Bridge Road, 8.E.; Mr. R. Hamlyn Harris, The Conifers, Hambrook, H 2 92 (April, Bristol; Mr. E. J. Lewis, 4, Elwick Road, Ashford; Mr. T. Maddison, South Bailey, Durham ; Mr. W. EH. Mousley, Orchard House, Mundesley ; and Prof. Enzio Reuter, Helsingfors, Finland. Lord Walsingham exhibited a series of the larger and more striking species of Xylorycting, a sub-family of the Gelechiide, especially characteristic of the Austra- lian fauna. The series illustrated the life-histories and the great disparity in colour and form between the sexes of many species. He also gave an account of the family, chiefly from notes by Mr. Dodd, of Queensland, with especial reference to the habits of the larve, which live in holes in tree-trunks, to which they drag leaves in the night for the next day’s consumption. Mr. Gahan, a locust, Acrydium egyptium (= tartaricum), taken in a house in Hanover Square, and probably imported in vegetables. Mr. Kirkaldy, species of water-bugs, including Hnicocephalus culicis and Gerris robustus, both taken for the first time in Mexico. A discussion arose on the reported occurrence of the San José scale, Aspidiotus perniciosus, in Great Britain. Mr. R. Newstead stated that during nine years’ work on Coccida, he had never once met with this species among scale-insects taken in this country and sent - to him for identification. It was impossible even for an expert to distinguish it, without careful microscopical preparation and examination, from among the thirty or more known species of Aspidiotus, and any attempt to identify it on imported fruit by naked-eye observation, or with a hand-lens, was, therefore, quite imprac- ticable. The risk of its distribution by being imported on fruit was small; there was, however, much more likelihood of its introduction on plants. At the same time, he saw no reason to suppose that it would be more injurious in this country than the common Mytilaspis pomorum ; in America the San José scale had several generations in the year, sometimes as many as five, but in this country it would probably conform with the habits of all other scale-insects at present investigated, and become single-brooded.—W. F. H. BuanprorD, Hon. Secretary. OBSERVATIONS ON COCCID# (No. 1%). BY R. NEWSTEAD, F.E.S., CURATOR OF THE GROSVENOR MUSEUM, CHESTER. GYMNASPIS, n. g. ? puparium without larval exuvie or secretion; composed en- tirely of the naked moulted skin of the second stage 9. @ puparium with larval exuvie and secretionary margin as in Aonidia. GYMNASPIS ECHMEA, n. sp. puparium composed entirely of the naked moulted skin of the 2nd stage 2, which completely envelopes the adult insect, as in Aonidia and Fiormia; high convex, more or less circular, anal extremity usually pointed ; margins produced and convex, entire, or constricted at the spiracles; the constrictions irregular and fre- quently assymetrical ; irregularly and widely punctate ; shining bronzy-black, opaque, very strong; the ventral surface as much so as the dorsal. The ventral surface is usually covered with a delicate white secretion, which bears impressions of the leaf- structure, and sometimes projects a little beyond the margin of the puparium. Diam., ‘60-90 mm. 1898.] 93 ? adult probably vivipa- rous ; approximately circu- lar, flat beneath, convex above, margins flat and thin, forming a flange except at / ; the anal extremity. Colour, 7 Hetto acl Ula i Fig. 1. blunt spines. Pygidium dull purple,with dusky white margins. Rudimentary an- tenne usually with three (fig. 1) without cireumgenital glands ; vaginal opening, and anus opposite; margin with a series of projecting tubercles or extensions of the body wall, and a few short spines. And there are a few very slender tubular spinnerets arising from the extreme margin. Puparium of second stage of 2 purplish-brown, circular, with a broad marginal secretion ; larval exuvie central, naked, black or bronzy-black. Diam., -50 mm. Larva comparatively large, short-ovate, pale mauve; eyes black. Antenne of five joints. Pygidium with two pairs of lobes; median lobe largest, and notched towards their distal extremity. There is a pair of broad, deeply fringed plates between the median lobes ; and one of the same character between the median and second pair of lobes; and two others beyond them, the last being much the smallest, often taking the form of a series of simple plates. Hab.: on Aichmea aquilega, Roya) Gardens, Kew, April 24th, 1897. Mr. Green has included in the genus Aonidia his A. bullata, an insect which resembles my own in the character of the ? puparium ; but it is anomalous in the genus, and should, I think, be removed.* In all other known species of Aonidia, the larval moult, and a varying quantity of secretionary matter forms part of the puparium. Gymnaspis is distinguished by the absence of both. ASPIDIOTUS BRITANNICUS, 7. sp. Aspidiotus hedere, Newstead, Ent. Mo. Mag. (1896), p. 279, nec Vallot. Puparium of adult ? circular, or approximately so, moderately convex. Colour, dusky ochreous, with a broad smoky-brown central zone. Exuvie central, or a little to one side ; those of the larva dark yellow or dull orange, secretionary covering very thin. Second secretionary covering smoky-brown. Diam., °75-2 mm. Adult ? translucent yellow, short-ovate ; with distinct segmentation. Pygidium (fig. 2) with four or five groups of circumgenital glands; the anterior group (rarely present) consists of 2-3, the anterior laterals from 7-10, the posterior late- rals from 7-8. Vaginal opening a little cephalad of the centre. Subdorsal groups * Under date December 12th, 1897, Mr. Green writes—‘“‘ there are certainly good grounds for separating Aonidia bullata from that genus, now that we have a second species to go with it.” 94 [April, of tubular spinnerets long, the longest extending almost to the base of the pygidium, connecting pores towards the margin on both dorsal and ventral surface. Margin of pygidium with three pairs of well developed and widely separated lobes; the median and second pairs sub- equal, are deeply notched, or Fig. 2. emarginate at the extremity of the margins; third pair smallest. Plates comparatively short; median, second and third pairs narrow, with one to three apical divisions. The position of the spines are indicated in the figure. Puparium of the ¢ similar to that of the second stage ? ; more or less circular, contracted forms elongate or widely ovate. Colour, bright pale fulvous; larval exuvie central, usually bright orange-ochreous; secretionary covering thin, smooth and transparent. Diam., 1 mm. Hab.: on holly (Ilex aquifolium, L.) at Teddington, near London. This is the species which was provisionally recorded (Ent. Mo. Mag., 1896, p. 279) under the name of two species are united, the term “neo” appears in the diagnosis, and ? \ ? the words “lineis flavis” in the reference seem to be apologetic and considered necessary in the altered conditions. Fauna Svecica, ed. ii (1761), p. 373. 1466. ZL. enea thorace eneo-viridi. With a reference to ed. i and quotation from No. 768. Then follows the description, which is practically the same as in ed. i. 8. LU. viridi-inaurata ; pedibus nigris. ., 759 (a printer’s error for 769). The description is again practically as in ed. 1 (769). Here is a new departure. The type form is our “ Somatochlora flavomaculata,”’ and the unnamed var. f is “ Cordulia enea” ! Systema Natura, ed. xii (1767), p. 902. @nea. 8. J. thorace eneo-viridi. Fn. Suec., 1466. Then follows a reference to Fn. Suec., i, 768, 769, with the same quotation as in 8. N., ed. x. It results from the above that if the detailed descriptions in the “Fauna,” ed. ii, of Z. enea were considered literally, it would be ab- solutely necessary to apply the specific name to the “ Somatochlora,” and to find or coin a new one for the “Cordulia.” But the Syst. Nat. ed. x, is now considered the starting point for zoological nomenclature, 4 _and Linné there united both species under the same name “ @nea,” so I think we can conveniently be spared the intolerable nuisance 220 [October, of a change such as would be here involved. We may fall back upon the person who applied names to both species. Apparently this was done by Van der Linden, who, in his “ Monograph” in 1825, applied the same specific names for the two insects that are now in common use. But I think he does not show that he had eritically studied the Linnzan descriptions, and I venture to believe that had he done so he would have reserved the term “ e@nea” for the species he named “ flavomaculata,” for Linné distinctly had the latter in view as his type form. Hagen in his “ Synonymia,” and Charpentier in his “ Lib. Europ.,” followed Van der Linden, but both called attention to the apparent discrepancy. And now as to the Linnean Collection. There exists in it a specimen with a label “ enea”’ in Linné’s hand that is distinctly a g of flavomaculata, V.d. Linden ; and below it is another specimen, on the same kind of pin, but with no label, that is as distinctly a 2 enea of V.d. Linden and modern authors. De Selys (“ Revue des Odonates )” supposes there may have been an accidental changing of the label; but there is no necessity for such a supposition, for the collection only exemplifies the intention according to the detailed descriptions by Linné, but which was left vague in Syst. Nat., ed. x, where the name was first given. RECAPITULATION. Tn 1746 Linné, before he adopted the binomial system, described two insects, now placed in different genera, as distinct species. In 1759 he united them as one, and applied the specific name enea for the collective “ species.” In 1761 he described the first of his two species of 1746, that now known as flavomaculata, as enea, and described that now known as @nea as an unnamed variety of the type. In 1767 he adopted the same course as in 1759. RESULT. The present application of the name nea is in direct opposition to the views of Linné as expressed in his detailed descriptions of 1746 and 1761, and in order to maintain it we have to fall back upon an implied “rule” of nomenclature upon which all are not agreed, In legal phraseology there has been “a miscarriage of justice.” Lewisham, London : September, 1898. 1898.] 231 Colias Edusa in 1898.—Where is C. Edusa this year? The usual records are silent. No doubt it has occurred somewhere in England, but apparently nowhere in sufficient quantity to attract attention, and yet the weather has been such as it usually delights in. A correspondent writing from the coast of East Devon where the insect is otten abundant, says:—‘‘I have not seen Colias Edusa this year. I attribute its absence to the prevalence of winds adverse to immigration from the Continent. The wind was mostly between N.N.W. and N.E., and hardly ever S.E. or 8.” A change has come over British entomologists. Thirty years ago the “blown over” theory was commonly scouted, and theories were rife to account for the erratic appearance of this insect, and others here; the one probably most in favour being continuance in the egg or pupal stage more than one season. ‘‘ Blown over”’ had a disagreeable sound, and there were probably some who would have refused to place the specimens in their collections if they carried with them the slightest suspicion of being voluntary or involuntary immigrants.—EDs. Acronycta alni at Gloucester.—On Monday, August 15th, I found a full-fed larva of this species in a garden close to Gloucester; it was provided with a bit of hollow stick, and spun up in it the same night.—W. W. Fowier: Aug. 18th, 1898. Singular habit in Brephos parthenias—In March of this year, my son, who had been out in the early morning in Richmond Park in search of Brephos parthenias, came to me with what I thought at the time sounded very much like a “yarn.” He had seen the Brephos (more than one of them) sitting on the sandy margin of a rivulet which runs through the Park at this point, and they were imbibing the moisture, holding their wings in an upright position over the back “just like a butterfly.” As this habit of this,species had never in my recollection been recorded, I visited the Park a day or two later about 11 a.m., and, overlooking the little brook, where my boy had seen the moths, I tried the edge of the pond near the Isabella Plantation and there, on the moist earth at the edge of the water, a couple of B. parthenias were enjoying themselves exactly as described, sitting upon the wet sand, wings erected and lowered at intervals, in the bright sunshine, precisely as butterflies are in the habit of doing when imbibing moisture.—ALFRED Ficxu1n, Norbiton: August 15th, 1898. Occurrence of Lozopera Beatricella, Wism., in Kent.—Having in mind Lord Walsingham’s recent discoveries in the genus Lozopera (Conchylis, Tr. part.), it was with no little satisfaction that I heard, some weeks ago from Mr. W. Purdey, of Folkestone, that he had found in that neighbourhood a number of moths belonging to this genus, which he could not reconcile with any species known to him. These he was kind enough to send to me for examination, when it was at once obvious that he had come upon a species quite strange to me, but which, after careful comparison with his lordship’s descriptions, I found to be referable, without doubt, to his Lozopera Beatricella, reared seventeen or eighteen years ago in Suffolk by the Hon. Mrs. Carpenter. The occurrence of this interesting species on the south coast is extremely gratifying, and that this should take place in a locality which has been, for the past thirty years, so incessantly worked as Folkestone, is not a little remarkable. 939 { October, Mr. Purdey writes, “I watched this species very closely for nearly a fortnight in the middle of July. It was on the wing from about 8 p.m. till dark, flying over alder and privet bushes, possibly attracted by the blossoms of the latter. It struck me as being quite distinct from the other species, and having different habits. C. Francillonana was to be found at a distance of forty or fifty yards about some wild carrot, from the blossom of which also I swept it with the net.” To me this pretty species seems to be more closely allied to L. sanguinana from Hungary than to LZ. flagellana, Dup., = eryngiana, Heyd., or to L. Francillonana or dilucidana, its more erect transverse stripes being placed exactly as in that species, and in some degree similarly constricted and broadened, but it does not approach that species in the width and richness of these bands. ‘There is no reason to suppose that either L. sanguinana or L. flagellana exists anywhere in these Islands, and the occurrence of this allied and, to all appearance, absolutely new species, and its present extension of range, is of extreme interest.—Cuas. G. BARRETT, 39, Linden Grove, Nunhead, 8.E.: September 17th, 1898. Orthotenia ericetana in Scotland.—I found this very abundantly on Ben Lawers on one particular afternoon about 5.30, at a height of about 700 feet above the sea level. Having no net I could only manage to secure six specimens, a work of no little difficulty, as they were flying very actively and restlessly, to all appearance in anticipation of a thunderstorm, which, however, did not come off. An hour and a half later I revisited the slope, but the weather had become windy, and not a speci- men was to be seen. These examples are not so darkly coloured as those from the South of England.—C. T. Crurrwe 1, Kibworth Rectory, Leicester: August 27th, 1898. The List of Yorkshire Coleoptera.—On behalf of the Yorkshire Coleoptera Committee appointed at the last Annual Meeting of the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union, I am at present engaged in collecting information on the beetles of Yorkshire, for the purpose of preparing the continuation of the List of Yorkshire Coleoptera commenced some years ago. The list having been published as far as the end of the Brachelytra (Staphylinide), the Clavicornia are now to be dealt with. I shall, therefore, be glad to receive local record-lists and scattered information on this and the succeeding groups from entomologists who have conducted researches in the County in former years, and those who may at the present time be engaged in similar investigations. In incorporating the results of their work in the list, suitable acknowledgment will be made of all such assistance. It is desired that the list shall represent, as far as possible, the state of our knowledge on the subject at the time of its publication.—M. L. Tuomrson, Hon. Secretary for the Yorkshire Coleoptera Committee, Diamond Street, Saltburn-by-the-Sea: July 19th, 1898. Platystethus alutaceus, Thoms., at Chobham.—In looking over some Platystetht the other day I found an example of this species which I had captured at Chobham in 1878, and put aside as doubtful. The entirely black coloration and the peculiar surface make it easily recognisable. Mr. Champion has seen the specimen, and agrees with me in referring it to the above species -EDWARD SaunDERs, St. Ann’s, Woking: August 15th, 1898. —-:- 1898.] 233 Langelandia anophthalma, Aubé, &c., at Broadstairs.—As I am not likely to have another opportunity of taking Langelandia and its companion rarities in the district where I first turned them up, it may be of interest to record the result of my investigations in decaying seed potatoes in July of last year (1897). Staying with the friends to whom I had paid a previous visit (vide Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxxii, p. 259), I again relieved the gardener of the task of lifting the early potatoes, and spent several mornings in examining the decaying seed. The result was eminently satisfactory, as 1 managed to take no less than 107 specimens of Langelandia, which was more abundant than I have ever known it. So too was Anommatus 12-striatus, of which over 80 specimens put in an appearance, while Ozytelus insecatus Was common, and Bathyscia Wollastoni tumbled out in dozens from almost every potato. These four beetles are probably spread all over the surrounding district, and it would be very interesting to learn whether other Coleopterists have succeeded in finding them in the same way elsewhere.—THEoDoRE Woop, 157, Trinity Road, Upper Tooting, S.W.: August 30th, 1898. Sparrows and Hive Bees.—A curious case of the destruction of hive bees by sparrows has lately been brought under my notice, and I think it is worthy of record. A friend of mine residing at Reigate finds that the sparrows in his garden kill a considerable number of his bees. The birds alight somewhere in the neighbourhood of the hive, and as the bees fly in and out dart at them and seize them much in the same way as a flycatcher seizes flies. He has lost so many bees in this way that he is obliged to keep the sparrows down by shooting them. I should be glad to learn if this habit has been observed in sparrows by others.—HDWARD SAUNDERS, St. Ann’s, Woking: September 13th, 1898. WMecostethus grossus, L., in the New Forest.—Towards the end of July and early in August this large grasshopper could be obtained in fair numbers if diligent search was made for it in any of the bogs around Lyndhurst and Brockenhurst. I noticed that although we tramped well over the ground during dull weather, or when the _sun was obscured by clouds, very seldom was one of this grasshopper to be found on the move; but as soon as the sun shone out brightly it was easily disturbed, heing borne along with wings extended in the direction of the wind, at times a single flight covering a distance of thirty or forty feet; whenever they flew against the wind the flight was of a much shorter length. The female does not take to the wing as readily as the male, but when it does the flight is much stronger and more rapid ; being a much larger insect it is rather a conspicuous object on the wing. I had no difficulty in taking a fairly long series.—Jamus J. F. X. Krn@, 207, Sauchie- hall Street, Glasgow: September, 1898. Bittacus Hageni, Brauer, in Wallachia.—During his recent tour in Eastern Europe Mr. Malcolm Burr took one example of a Bittacus at Comana, Wallachia, on July 12th, that proves to be B. Hageni, g. This species is still little known. It was discovered at Stockerau, Austria, by Dr. Brauer, in August, 1860; subse- quently it was found at Hoym in Saxony; I took a single example at Ronquiéres in Belgium on July 19th, 1881; and I believe M. Poujade found it at St. Cloud, near Paris, according to an old note published by me, but which I should now like to confirm.—R. McLacuxtan, Lewisham, London: September 19th, 1898. U 234 : [October, Heviews. Furruer Coccip Norss: with Description of New Species, and Discussion of Points of Interest: by W. M. Masxett, Registrar of the University of New Zealand ; Corr. Mem. Roy. Soc. of South Australia. Trans. New Zealand Institute, 1897, pp. 219—282, five plates. The majority of the new species recorded in this paper form part of a collection of Coccide made by Mr. A. Koebele, in China and Japan, in 1896 and 1897, and an advance list of all these briefly mentioned therein was published in this Magazine in October, 1897 (vol. viii, 2nd ser., p. 239). Besides this matter, three pages are oceupied with a critical notice of two pub- lications which appeared in 1897, dealing with the genus Aspidiotus, both proposing to divide it into a number of sub-genera. One is merely a preliminary synoptical key, without detailed descriptions, by Dr. G. Leonardi, of the Laboratory of Economic Entomology at Portici, Italy. This suggests nine sub-geneyra, all founded upon the anatomical features of the female insect, without taking any notice of the puparium; but, says Mr. Maskell, “unless Dr. Leonardi proposes to give much fuller details when defining completely his sub-genera, I think that some of his characters are scarcely valid.” Of Mr. Cockerell’s work, of which the great industry and acumen are willingly acknowledged, Mr. Maskell says that “the general question of generic subdivision seems to be entirely premature. In my opinion it will be none too late twenty years hence to begin the work. The total number of species of all the genera of Coccide now known to science does not exceed one thousand, and it is absurd to imagine that we have discovered more than a fraction of those existing in the world. It results, as a matter of course, that any scheme of subdivision of so small a genus of insects as Aspidiotus must be continually subject to revision, to re-revision, to revision a fourth or a tenth time, as new forms are found to obliterate the boundaries laid down by this or by that author. There is not the least cause for hurry. If all the species now known are left in Aspidiotus no harm can be done, whereas if all the suggested sub-genera have to be again divided, split into minute fragments, shifted about to suit the needs of the day, the future student must be subjected to confusion and trouble quite annoying and wearisome.’ ‘These words will be thoroughly endorsed by all students. It is very sad to know that these “ Notes” are the last by their author, and that Coccid-students all the world over have been deprived by death of a friend and guide through the intricacies inherent in their subject.—J. W. D. Fauna Rrent Honearia, &c., &., in memoriam regni Hungarie mille abhine annis constituti, Ordo Hemiptera conscripsit Dr. G. HorvAru, Hditio separata, pp. 1—72, with coloured map. Buda Pest: 1897. In this work the author, so well known as one of the leading authorities on the Hemiptera, commences with a history of the study of this Order in Hungary. Aloys. Ferd. Marsili is the first author mentioned, he, in 1726, figured a Pentatomid under the name of “ Cimex” in “ Danubius Pannoniceus Mysicus,” vol. vi, p. 121, as well as three “ Tipulas,” of which one, according to Dr. Horvath, is probably Corixa coleoptrata, Fab., and the other two Plea minutissima. In 1783 Piller and Mitter 1898] 235 pacher described four species in their Iter per Poseganam, but Tobias Koy appears as the first Entomologist who accurately and diligently studied the Hemiptera of Hungary : he published in 1800 a list of eighty-six species, entitled, “ Alphabitisches Verzeichniss meiner Insecten-Sammlung,” of which all except seven were collected in the neighbourhood of Buda Pest ; from this date the list has gradually been built up by various Entomologists, and now, thanks to the indefatigable labours of the present author, appears as probably the most perfect national list on record, and a model for lists of @ similar nature. An excellent map is given, dividing the country into eight regions, Centralis, Pannonica, Septentr. occidentalis, Septentr. orientalis, Transylvanica, Banatica, Croatica, and Adriatica. The author says that the greater part of the species are those generally distributed throughout the Paleartie Kegion, and that of these the majority are of the Mediterranean type. Some, however, have erept in from warmer and more southern climes, others from the East, whilst some of the species found quite in Northern Europe occur even in the tolerably hot parts of the country. After the historical, &c., sketch, a list of the literature bearing on the Hemiptera of Hungary is given, and then follows a systematic list of species, with notes of the distribution of each in the eight regions. There are enumerated 814 Heteroptera, 726 Homoptera, and 103 Aptera.—E. 8. Insect Lives, as told by themselves: by EDWARD Simpson. Pp. 128, small 8vo, with 23 illustrations. London: The Religious Tract Society, 1898 (but not dated). Of this class of books there is no end. This purports to consist of a series of autobiographies of some of our common insects, and is pleasantly written, yet evidently compiled: the “author” has managed to escape very serious errors, which is more than can be said for many similar works. The best feature consists in the happily chosen headings; but in one case at least, “ A Home under Water,” the depth has been miscalculated, and has resulted in a hopeless confusion of nomen- elature. The chapter devoted to “ An Unweleome Guest” (Séylops) is lamentably incomplete. The illustrations are fair, so far as they go: we need scarcely add that we recognise them as old friends. The marvel to us is who buys books of this nature ; yet we suppose they serve some useful purpose, and pay, otherwise they would not be written. Insects: foes and friends: by W. Eamonr Kirsy, M.D., with preface by W. F. Kirey, F.L.S.,F.E.S. Pp. 138, 12mo, with 32 chromo-lith. plates. London: S. W. Partridge and Co., 1898. This book is a small manual of Economic Entomology, tolerably well illustrated. The position held by the writer of the preface should be a guarantee as to accuracy ; but there is no editorial note explaining that the “Vine Tortrix” (Hupecilia ambiguella) does not feed on vine in this country. It is stated that the work is an English adaptation of a little book that “has had a large circulation in Germany,” but what little book is not mentioned. We venture to suggest that the title of the original was “ Insektenbiichlein ;” that the author was H. Schiitte ; and that it was published at Stuttgart in 1897. Those who require a small elementary pocket _ manual of Economic Entomology at a price that is only nominal will find this useful. DU 2 236 (October, Society. LANCASHIRE AND CHESHIRE EnromonoeicaL Society: March 14th, 1898. —S. J. Capper, Hsq., F.L.S., F.E.S., President, in the Chair. Mr. F. N. Pierce called attention to some remarkable articles in the popular literature of to-day on “Insect Grafting.” Mr. Webster read one of these articles, but the Members considered the subject unworthy of discussion, the idea being contrary to all experience. Mr. Mosley read a paper on “A new method of forming a collection, with special reference to Lepidoptera.” This system may be entitled “The Tablet System.” He pointed out the four main objects to be kept in view in forming a collection—(1) economy of space and expense; (2) facility of exhibition and examination (with a lens); (3) preservation from destructive agen; cies; (4) avoidance of unlimited destruction of life. In expounding his four main points, he especially disclaimed any idea of diminishing existing collections, except possibly by amalgamation ; he was of opinion that every town should have a large students’ collection, public or private, arranged in the ordinary cabinet form, but he claimed that the tablet system should satisfy the wants of local collectors. He showed three tablets, containing g and @ and life-histories of species in a flat tray with sealed glass covers. He touched upon the use of this form of tablet to teachers, and the limit it was likely to put upon wholesale destruction of local species; he then showed how the tablet collection could be used as an index to the larger (town) collections. Drawings of “ varieties’ were exhibited, set up in the same form; notes could be written on the back. A discussion followed, after which the following exhibits were shown :—The President showed a fine variety of Zygena lonicera with remarkably wide borders to the under-wing. Mr. F. N. Pierce, a living exotic Blatta, taken from an Orchid. April 4th.—The President in the Chair. Mr. F. W. Saxby gave a Demonstration Lecture on Photomicrography of Insect Structures. He used for illuminant acetylene gas. After describing the apparatus and illustrating its manipulation, he photographed a vertical section through the eye of Eristalis tenaz. The negatives were very successful. Messrs. Pierce and Freeman exhibited other slides and unmounted specimens. The ordinary exhibits consisted of Papilios from Lagos, Mr. Webster ; captures during 1898, Mr. F. C. Thompson ; first year’s captures, 1897, Dr. J. Cotton; amongst the latter was a very long series of Grammesia trilinea, var. bilinea, also 1 Cherocampa Elpenor captured at sugar. After a few remarks by the President, a vote of thanks was accorded to Mr. Saxby, and the Meeting closed. May 9th.—The President in the Chair. Mr. F. R. Dixon Nuttall, F.M.S., was elected a Member of the Society. It was decided to adjourn till October, and to start next season with a Meeting entirely devoted to Exhibits. Mr. F. F. Pierce read a paper on “ Recent investigations of the hair-pencils on certain male Noctue.”’ After a rough summary of the immense field of morpho- logical research open to the entomologist, and a short reference to his own work and 1898. 937 that of others in insect anatomy, he turned to the subject directly in hand. De- scribing how he had been led to a study of this subject by what was considered a unique specimen of Hpunda nigra in the collection of the President, he showed how he had examined all the male nigra available, and found it to be the rule and not the exception with that species, and with many other Noctuina, that the males have a pair of chitinous flaps, one on each side of the ventral surface of the abdomen. These flaps arise from the base of the abdomen, and from them proceeds a pencil of hairs tightly agglutinated at the base, separating and individually tapering towards the extremity. These extremities fit into a pocket which lies more towards the centre of the ventral surface of the abdomen. Illustrating his remarks by excellent diagrams and carefully mounted microscopic slides, he then contrasted these pencils with the tarsal tufts of the Herminide, pointing out that these organs are pencils of hairs joined at the base, separating towards the apex, while the Herminide tufts are lamellz of scales, and separate almost (if not entirely) their whole length. With a diagram of one of these hairs under high power and one of the scales of the Herminide, he pointed out the entire difference between the markings on the two appendages ; those on the hairs being a kind of network of diamonds raised in the centre, those on the scales of the Herminide being ordinary scale-pittings and striations. He proved the existence of these little-known organs to be specific, not accidental ; but at the same time disproved the suggestion that they are vital by their absence in the females, and also in the males of certain species of even the Noctuina. Referring to the writings of previous authors on this subject, he ex- plained their ignorance of the very frequent presence of these pencils by the fact that they have the apical portion enclosed in the pocket, and therefore require careful teazing before they are visible to the naked eye. Dealing with the suggestion that they are breathing organs, he pointed out that they only occur in males, and not of all species, and therefore could hardly perform such an important function as respira- tion. He mentioned (1) that they occurred in most Noctuina but not in all; (2) that they varied in size and form in different species, but were fairly constant for the same species; (3) that they always occurred in the same situation, and the tips were or had been always enclosed in pockets. He attributed to them some unknown sense, probably of use to the male in its search for the female. Some useful sug- gestions and leading questions were made by the President, and Messrs. Cotton, Freeman and Locke. The Rev. R. Freeman suggested that these were scent not sense organs, and attempted to associate their absence with the presence of pectinated antenuz. The exhibits were—the original specimen of #. nigra which may be said to be the initial cause of Mr. Pierce’s study, by the President; slides of hair-pencils by Mr. Pierce; a night’s captures at Delamere, by Mr. F.C. Thompson; spring captures, by Dr. Cotton ; Miscodera arctica and other allied species from Llangollen, by Mr. F. Birch; recent emergencies, &c., by Rev. R. Freeman and Mr. H. B. Prince; and a fine box of Bombyzx rubi, by Mr. J. E. Robson, for distribution. The next Meeting, an Exhibitional Meeting, will be held on October 6th.—R. Freeman, Hon. Secretary. 238 : - [October, STRAY NOTES ON SOME SOUTH AFRICAN LEPIDOPTERA. BY C. G@. BARRETT, F.E.S. I have been lately much interested in the remarks made on the habits of insects in South Africa by a sister who, with her young niece and nephews, devotes much time to collecting Lepidoptera for me, sending over some new and very many interesting species, a few of which are also European, and even British. I am not so selfish as to desire to keep the information quite to myself. Deiopeia pulchelia, L.—“ I was going to tell you about the pink- spotted white moths which you say you have never seen at large. We went out for a walk one day after a heavy rain among the lands (culti- vated grounds),and in one which had not been ploughed, and was covered with weeds in blossom, there were many common butterflies enjoying the bright sunshine. One of us (I think Harry) noticed that one of the “small whites” looked a little different. On netting it we found that it was one of these pretty moths, and we got a good many others. They are wonderfully like the white butterflies when flying, but alight very differently. They are seldom (if ever) found except in these old ‘lands.’ ” The numerous specimens sent present exactly the same degree of variation in the proportion of pink or black spotting observable in - European specimens. One extremely pretty form, which seems rare, has the black dots replaced by oblique black streaks, forming in- complete transverse lines. The ground colour also varies occasionally to cream colour or even pale ochreous; but I see no tendency toward pectination of the antenne, such as is said to occur in some parts of Asia. : Pelochita vitrea, Plétz.—This is a very curious and beautiful species; the fore- and hind-wings being, with the exception of the margins, nearly transparent and glassy, the scales with which they are clothed being extremely minute and thinly scattered; the margins, however, and especially those of the fore-wings, are opaque and of a soft yellow-brown; the thorax similar, but dotted with black ; antennz long and slender. ‘The portion which gives this insect its striking appearance is the abdomen, of which the whole dorsal portion is broadly and richly purplish-scarlet of a most gorgeous hue, the legs partaking of the same colour. Palpi remarkably small and slender, of the same brilliant colour, but dotted with black, the tongue horn- coloured, strong, and in no way sheltered by the palpi. Attention was the more drawn to this species from a remark that it affected the 1398.) | 239 orange trees, and I asked for further information. “ You ask about the ‘Soldiers.’ I have only found them twice. The first, perhaps two specimens, were at the Dantana, an aromatic shrub in full blossom. The last on the orange trees, also in full bloom; I beat them out of the trees at night, using a lantern, and netted them. They are not hard to catch, as their flight is heavy. I have only seen them at night, and have an idea that they and many other species come from some distance attracted by the scent, which is sweetest at night. I never beat them out at dusk, but later; indeed, I do not think that I have caught one before nine o’clock.” Hypocala deflorata, Fab.—“ Along with the last I caught that varied series of moths with yellow under wings; but the latter were the earlier to appear.” This is also a remarkable species —a “yellowunder-wing”’ of about the size and in some degree the appearance of Triphena jan- thina, Esp., or more resembling the smaller Catocale with yellow hind-wings. Its head is prominent, with the palpi rather long, very thick, conical and conspicuously porrected. The yellow hind-wings have the usual central spot black and very large, black clouds running down the costal and dorsal margins, and the usual broad black band on the hind margin, in which are two large yellow spots. But its fore-wings are the most remarkable, from their strange variation. . Ordinarily they are of a rather uniform grey-brown dusted with ashy- grey, either without markings or marbled with black, or in the middle area with orange-yellow, or having the reniform stigma blackened or black margined, with or without a yellow subterminal line. But sometimes a large round pale yellow cloud lies behind the reniform stigma, or a large similar oblong cloud along the discal cell, or both ; while in more extreme forms the ground colour is whitish-grey or yellowish-grey, and a very broad angulated and hollowed stripe, of slate colour or grey-black, lies the whole length of the wing in zigzags from base to apex. Margarodes unionalis, Hb.—“ The first that I saw was in a quince hedge by a stream at dusk, and when searching the orange trees in the same garden at night I caught several. When I shook or beat the tree they fell to the ground as though intoxicated, and I could bottle them easily. The orange tree was in full bloom.” These do not differ from the very few British examples. Deilephila capensis, L.—“ These are the hawk moths that look so - lovely at night around the blossoming orange trees. Their eyes are like living coals. I think that they like any blossoming trees. They 24.0 (October, 1898. have a lovely green shade over the fore-wings when freshly emerged ; when older they are more of a drab-brown.” This insect when it arrives here is rarely other than olive-brown, but in one or two of the freshest specimens the green is still visible. The range of this species seems to be severely limited, in that respect showing a strong contrast to the closely allied D. livornica, Esp., and Cherocampa celerio, L., both of which are common South African species. On the other hand C. neri, L., and C. son, Cram., seem to be rare. Another widely distributed species, not too common in that district, is Sphinx convolvuli, L.; and Acherontia Atropos, L., is as usual in ill repute with bee keepers ; and not only with them, for the “bite” of the poor harmless creatures is there believed to be poisonous ! Sphingomorpha Monteironis, Butler.—My correspondent speaks of this as the “fruit moth,” and says that there is a legend that it damages the fruit, but in what way does not seem clear. It is a grand creature, in some degree allied to the Plusie, but of more than double the size of almost any of them, the fore-wings sienna-brown marbled with black, the transverse lines black, angulated and looped to a great degree, the thorax and abdomen dark brown, but with a dividing pale yellow stripe commencing on the head and ending at one of the hinder segments of the abdomen. But its most extraordinary ornament is an enormous tuft of yellow hair-scales upon the under-side of the fore tibie of the male, spreading out like a fan when the leg is drawn forward, and almost as long as the portion of the leg to which it is attached. Metachrostis nigrivitta, Hampson.—“ You can shake these out of the cypress trees at any time; they hide during the day always on these trees, but they fly by choice at dusk.” This is one of a group of small broad winged Moctwe which is very fully represented in South Africa. Its attachment to the cypress appeared to me to be rather curious, but a portion of the tree sent with a dozen of the moths seemed convincing. Cerocala vermiculosa, H.-S.—“ One of the little boys caught this on the ground in the open veldt in bright sunshine.” This beautiful moth, something like the European C. scapulosa, Hb., but having handsomer and more elaborate markings, does not seem a likely species to seek the sunshine. Perhaps it was hiding upon the ground. Osteodes turbulentata, Gn.—‘ This moth is very common upon our side of Middle Drift. I do not remember to have seen it at the other. November, 1898.] N OV Z 9 189¢ 241 I was seeking a little shade under the gum trees (which, by-the-by, are planted Australian trees, not native), and these moths fairly obtruded themselves. They fly up, and then quickly settle again upon the ground, both fore- and hind-wings raised quite perpendicularly and close together over the back. At this time there was no grass to speak of; since then there has been rain, and I find the moths, not upon the ground, but clinging to the grass under a bush with the wings in the same perpendicular position, flying up and settling quickly in the same manner.” This moth is extremely plain on the upper-side, pale straw colour, without markings, except a broad smoky hind mar- ginal band to the fore-wings, and sometimes to the hind; but the under-side is often much more ornamental, the broad band of the fore-wings repeated, and the hind-wings beautifully striped in a longi- tudinal direction ‘with reddish-brown dusted with darker. This, however, is not invariable, some specimens are devoid of markings on the under-side, while others possess them in a small degree. When well marked this species readily calls to mind our Fidonia piniaria, L., which places its wings when at rest in precisely the same manner. Some of the remarks upon butterflies seem also to be worthy of record. Sarangeza motozoides, Holland.“ It led me a pretty chase. I was going down the steep river bank this afternoon to cross the river on stepping stones, when a small butterfly flew past and alighted where I could scarcely reach it on the sunny bank; I tried, and almost suc- ceeded, but not quite! I saw it again, but could not get it, so crossed the river to the native kraal for which I was bound. Coming back after crossing the river with fear and trembling, I bethought me to look again for the butterfly that had puzzled me—disturbed it from the sunny bank, it settled, and I nearly had it, but it flew away and L started for home; but had the curiosity to examine another warm sunny spot on the other side, and there secured it.” This calls to mind another occasion in which one of the boys catapulted a magnifi- cent moth which was flying on the opposite side of the river, and, leaving his brother to watch, went round to the ford, crossed and secured it. It proved to be Pleretes bellatrix, Dalman; rich tawny- yellow or orange with blue-black stripes, a veritable “Tiger” moth, and, considering the treatment it received, in very fair condition. Danais Misippus, L. (Diadema bolina, L.) 2 var.—“ We found the larva on a fleshy flat weed in the ‘lands,’ it was of a sepia tint with darker bristles, each bristle branched into tufts of four or five. It x 242 [November, spun up almost at once, suspending itself. I took the butterfly at first for D. Chrysippus, but it is quite different from the common form.” This is a splendid example of one of those curious brown varieties of the female D. Misippus, which bear so startling a general resem- blance to D. Chrysippus, L. It, however, has the sub-apical spots of the fore-wings pale brown ; other examples have them white, and still more nearly resemble D. Chrysippus. The pupa is very similar to that of a Vanessa, but stouter, and has projecting bristly horns nearly a quarter of an inch in length. The food plant was probably a Portulaca. Planema esebria, Hew.—“T send the chrysalis and food plant. Harry brought these home. The plant is like a thin straggling nettle, with bristles all along the stem, and the caterpillars bear a comical resemblance to the plant. They are greenish-brown, thin and wiry, with rows of spines like those on the plant stem. The plant grows in a deep ravine, clematis growing up into the trees, and the butterflies sporting round it. The change from caterpillar to butterfly occupied nearly a month.” This butterfly, closely allied to Acrea, with long fore-wings, has all the wings brown-black, except an oblique white or yellow bar beyond the middle of the fore-wings, and a large similar dorsal blotch which is continued across the hind-wings as a very broad white or yellow band. Its pupa must be very pretty, for the dried skins are pellucid white, the head, eyes, palpi, tongue and legs all narrowly outlined in slender black lines, and the wing eases plentifully striped with the same, while down every side of the abdominal portion is a row of conspicuous black rings or loops. The hairs on the cast larva skins are extremely branched and bristly. 39, Linden Grove, Nunhead, S.E.: September, 1898. ON A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS APROZAREMA, Den. (= ANACAMPSIS, Avct., NEC Crr.), FROM ENGLAND. BY EUSTACE R. BANKES, M.A., F.E.S. APROHREMA VINELLA, spec. nov. Antenne fuscous-black, strongly and sharply annulated to the tips with bright pale ochreous. Palpi, middle joint externally fuscous-grey, internally pale greyish- ochreous, terminal joint long, recurved, pale greyish-ochreous, conspicuously striped longitudinally with blackish-fuscous. Face pale grey or pale greyish-ochreous. Head greyish-fuscous. Thorax and tegule concolorous with fore-wings. Fore- 1898.] 243 wings rather glossy, fuscous-black, tinged with violet and minutely speckled more or less with pale scales; cilia, basal half fuscous-grey, speckled with black, apical half paler grey, unspeckled. Exp. al., 105—11 mm. Hind-wings satiny-grey ; cilia brownish-grey. Aldomen greyish-fuscous. Legs, externally deep fuscous, very distinctly ringed with white at all the tarsal and the hind tibial joints, internally much paler. Type, & 3 (selected out of 16 specimens), Mus. Bnks. Hab.: Exatanp—Sussex (Brighton). An examination of the very long series of examples bred and eaught by Mr. W. H. B. Fletcher shows that this species is decidedly variable, but only in one direction. In the commonest form, which has been selected as the type, the fore-wings are unicolorous except for the minute pale scales which a lens reveals, but individuals occur in which there is a small white spot on the costa at about two-thirds of its length Another form shows a small dorsal white spot opposite this costal one, which latter is then the more strongly pronounced, whilst in the rarest and most remarkable variety yet known, for which I propose the name fasciata, these opposite spots are replaced by a complete but rather obscure whitish fascia: the tendency towards this form of variation seems stronger in the female than in the male sex. A. Vinella, which I have so named in compliment to my friend, Mr. A. C. Vine, of Brighton, who was the first to discover it and has done much excellent work among the Lepidoptera of Sussex, is closely allied to anthyllidella, Hb., but is easily separated from it by its uniformly darker colour, which is more particularly noticeable in the hind-wings, and by the fact that it has not as a rule any pale costal or dorsal spots, and when these are present they are white, whereas anthyllidella as a rule has pale opposite spots which are ochreous. Vinella is also obviously distinct from all the allied foreign species that are to be found in the Frey, Stainton, Walsingham, and Zeller collections. The larva, which I have not yet seen, feeds on Genista tinctoria, and Mr. W. H. B. Fletcher, who believes that there are two broods in the year, tells me that it spins two leaves of its food-plant either flat together or attaches them to the stem, and feeds on their inner sur- faces, readily moving from one such habitation to another. Larve which he found near Brighton in October and November, 1892, were sleeved out in his garden on a plant of Cytisws racemosus, which, however, was killed during the winter by severe frost, and in March, 1893, it was found that the surviving larve had already pupated, and the moths emerged early in the following summer. It is probable that xp) 244, LN ease such early maturity was due to the abnormal conditions under which the larve were kept, for Mr. Vine believes that in nature they hibernate in that stage, since he finds them nearly full-fed at the end of April. Mr. Vine first made the acquaintance of the insect in 1886, when he both bred and captured specimens in the neighbourhood of Brighton in July. By sweeping amongst Genista tinctoria in the late afternoon and evening in the same locality Mr. Fletcher has taken the imagines at large on August 2nd and 7th, 1890, June 15th, 1893, August 23rd, 1895, and July 29th, 1896, and on August 2nd, 1890, he swept up a pair 77 cop. Mr. Vine, assuming that A. Vinella must be immaculatella, Dgl., has sent out a few specimens under this name, but in a paper by myself, which will shortly follow this one, and will clear up the mystery surrounding zmmaculatella, I shall be able to prove that these two species are totally distinct. The Rectory, Corfe. Castle : July 16th, 1898. P.S.—Sinee the above was in print, Mr. Vine has kindly supplied me with some further information about the life-history of 4. Vinella. He says that the larve which he finds becoming full-fed im the latter part of April pupate at once, and produce imagines during May, and that the larve of the second brood feed in June and July, and the moths emerge in July and August, worn examples occurring at large even in September. There seems no doubt that in Nature the insect hibernates in the larval state.—H. R. B., October 16th, 1891. “ HORN-FEEDING LARY.” vide “ Nature,’ LVITI, 140-1, figs. (No. 1493 : 9, WI, 1898) ]. BY THE RIGHT HON. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.B.S., de. (wITH NoTE BY J. HARTLEY DURRANT, F.E.S.), Mr. W. H. MeCorquodale contributed a note under the above title to “ Nature,” and figured the skull and horns of a Hartebeeste showing the protruding cocoons of a Tinea which he identified as Tinea vastella, Zeller. He stated that the skull of the Hartebeeste figured was received from West Africa, and yet he wrote on p. 141— “ The habitat of the moth was generally supposed to be Africa, but Sir George Hampson showed me some specimens which he had col- lected in various districts in India.” Micro-Lepidopterists had “ generally supposed” the habitat of this moth to be Africa for the following reasons :— 1898.] 245 (1). In 1852 Zeller described it as Euplocamus (Scardia) vastellus, his type is before me and is labelled “Caffraria,”’ which confirms Zeller’s published note, “ Habitat in tractibus fluviorum Limpoponis et Gariepis.” (2). In 1860, when Stainton redescribed this species as Tinea gigantella, he stated that his types were from Knysna (Cape Colony). (3). Walker, in 1863, created another synonym when he described specimens of the same species from the Cape as Tinea lucidella. (4). Specimens received from Africa are not uncommon; the labels on the long series in my collection show that the species occurs in the Sudan, Natal, Cape Colony, Mashonaland, and Delagoa Bay (specimens from Kilima Njaro perhaps represent a closely allied species). J have seen others from the Transvaal, it is known to occur in Gambia, and the skull and cocoons figured by Mr. McCorquodale were obtained from West Africa, while a pair of horns from Natal with protruding cocoons (similar to those figured) has long been ex- hibited in the British Museum (Natural History) presented by myself. Before adding Tinea vastella to the Indian list a careful study of the maxillary palpi is necessary ; a critical examination of the Indian specimens will probably convince Mr. McCorquodale (as it has already convinced me, and I may now add Sir George Hampson also) that they differ in structure from the true vastella. T am acquainted with at least five Indian species closely allied to vastella, one of which (orientalis, Stainton) is also a horn-feeding species, and the others probably have similar habits. Micropteryx? unicella, Walker, is a Tinea belonging to this group, and sacerdos, Walsingham, has probably light coloured varieties; two species are at present undescribed, but they are provisionally labelled hockingz, MS. (this is probably the same as the Indian specimens in the British Museum series of Jucidella), and minchini, MS. It would be rash to say that vastella does not occur in India, but there is not an Indian exponent of that species in my collection, nor have I been able to recognise vastella among the numerous Indian specimens of this group that I have seen. So far I have only dealt with a statement which, as it stands, conveys an impression contrary to fact; but nearly all the remainder of Mr. McCorquodale’s note is also misleading. Tt is not stated whether he observed the larva, but as he describes the imago it would at first sight appear that he had bred it. Believing _ that the Kilima Njaro specimens, referred to above, represent a species with similar habits closely allied to but distinct from vastella, the de- 2I4G { November, scription was studied with care in the endeavour to ascertain whether Mr. McCorquodale’s species was vastella or jacksoni, MS. On reading “pale gilded ochraceous,” and again “abdomen extending much beyond the hind-wings,” the language struck me as familiar, and the descrip- tion of a mere accident of setting was obviously “ Walkerian.” A reference to Walker’s description of Tinea lucidella | British Museum Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera, vol. XXVIII, p. 474 (1863) | proved that the description given by Mr. McCorquodale is a copy word for word of Walker’s original, but the punctuation has been slightly varied ; the author should certainly have stated this, if only to prevent unnecessary research. At the conclusion of his communi- cation he remarks :—“ I am indebted to Lord Walsingham, who kindly gave me some very useful notes, he having himself written a few years ago on the subject.” The reference to my paper “ On the Yortricide, Tineide and Pterophoride of South Africa” [Trans. Entomological Society of London, 1881, pp. 238-42] was distinctly useful, for Mr. Haliday’s remarks on Dr. Fitzgibbon’s observations were given in a compact form, and from this paper was obtained the information given to me by Lieut.-Col. the Hon. Wenham Coke and Mr. Roland Trimen (not “Truman”). The use of the inverted commas are very mis- leading, for the passages are not exact quotations but précis-work. With the exception of the figures and a few unimportant remarks Mr. McCorquodale’s note is not in any part original; even the con- clusion that “the question must, however, remain sub judice” was anticipated in 1881 by my remark “the question must be considered to be ‘ sub judice.’ ” Merton Hall, Thetford: 30th September, 1898. [Those who devote their time to compiling Indexes willingly give references from their MSS., and they have a right to expect that the information obtained by their help should be published in such a form as will render it unnecessary for the Indexer to reduplicate his work by analysing the paper to rediscover the origin of his own references. When, at Lord Walsingham’s request, I extracted from our MS. Index of the Aicro-Lepidoptera the references, &c., to Tinea vastella, I ap- parently omitted to state that Mr. Trimen exhibited on May 4th, 1881, at a Meeting of the Entomological Society of London, specimens of this species, “the larvee of which had fed in an inkstand fabricated from a hoof of the late Prince Imperial’s horse, from which multitudes of the insect appeared” [vide Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, XVII, p. 20 (1881) ].—Jno. Harriry Durrant]. 1898.] OAT HYPERETES GUESTFALIOUS, Kousr, A GENUS AND SPECIES OF APTEROUS PSOCIDZ NEW TO BRITAIN. BY ROBERT McLACHLAN, F.R.S., &c. Within the last twenty years several new genera and species of apterous Psocide, allied to Atropos and Clothilla, have been described in Germany, chiefly by Kolbe and Bertkau. No doubt these are still passed over as only immature conditions of winged forms. But in addition to differences in thoracic structure, the number of joints in the antenne is always greater. The tarsi are always three-jointed, and it is stated that in the early conditions of the winged forms the tarsi are always two-jointed, even where they are three-jointed in the imago. One of the most conspicuous of these apterous forms is Hyperetes questfalicus, Kolbe (Jahresb. westfalischen prov. Vereins fir Wissenschaft, 1879—80, p. 182, fig. 22). I have little doubt this insect is to be found almost anywhere in Britain. It was originally supposed to be attached to Abzes excelsa. Conifers always afford grateful shelter to Psocide, but this species has since been found in Germany on various trees. , One day this autumn when Mr. C. A. Briggs visited me, I called his attention to the figure of Hyperetes, and he soon after found the insect plentifully on an old beech in the Valley of the Rocks near Lynton ; and acting on my suggestion that it was probably in his own garden at Lynmouth, he succeeded in finding it there on Quercus lex. September, October and November are given as the months for its appearance. Kolbe’s original description of the genus is as follows (translated) :— HY PERETES. Without rudiments of wings. Antenne 23-jointed. Head large. Eyes pro- minent. Palpi short, last joint short, securiform. Mandibles short, bi-apical, internally much sinuate with a moveable tooth at the base. Labrum narrow, semi- circular. Meso- and metathorax separated. Abdomen with nine segments. The description of the species I take from Kolbe’s appendix to Rostock’s “ Netzfliigler Deutschlands,” p. 190, because it is later than the original. H. GUESTFALICUS. Grey to brownish, dappled in a variegated manner. Vertex whitish-grey, with two brown longitudinal lines and a small marking in the middle. Palpi whitish, last joint brownish. Thorax above with brown lateral lines. Metathorax with a short median longitudinal line. Abdomen above with scale-like spots, which are arranged in longitudinal lines: these spots are variable, red, brown and white. ‘Two median pale longitudinal lines. Legs whitish, femora at the apex with one, and tibize with two, brown rings: tarsi whitish. Length, 2 mm. 248 [November, From the few examples I have examined it would appear to be a variable insect, but very remarkable from the peculiar dappled nature of the markings on the abdomen. A more critical generic description is given by Hagen* in th Stett. ent. Zeit., 1883, pp. 315, 316, and he there describes a North American species (H. tessulatus), which he suggests may not improbably be identical with the European. In fact, in some points Hagen’s de- scription suits the British insect better than Kolbe’s; the specific description (pp. 316—819) is gone into with great detail, and includes many points that are more of generic than specific value. Now that attention is called to these minute forms in this country, it is reasonable to suppose that others will be discovered here. There exist also mature apterous forms more closely allied to the winged forms, and with about the same number of joints (18) in the antenne (such as Bertkawia, Kolbe, Leptella, Reuter, &c.), and these have two-jointed tarsi. The risk of confusion with immature condi- tions of winged forms is here greater, and the distinction seems mainly to lie in the thoracic structure. Moreover, it must be remembered that occasionally (Kolbia, Bertkau, Mesopsocus, Kolbe, &c.) the ¢ has ample wings, whereas the ? is apterous, or nearly so, and is also without ocelli. Our very common Elipsocus (Mesopsocus) unipunctatus is a case in point. Lewisham, London: October, 1898. ON NEUROPTERA COLLECTED BY MR. MALCOLM BURR IN WALLACHIA, BOSNIA, HERCEGOVINA, &c., IN JULY AND AUGUST, 1898. BY ROBERT McLACHLAN, F.R.8., &. During a tour this summer in Eastern Europe, that energetic young entomologist, Mr. Malcolm Burr, collected a few Mewroptera, which he has presented to me, and which I have pleasure in noticing here, because there are two or three species of special interest, and also because very little is known of even the most common species of the districts visited. PLANIPENNIA. Birracus Hacent, Brauer :—Comana (sometimes spelt Komana), Wallachia, July 12th, 1g. Of special interest in the local distribution of the species (¢f. ante p- 233). * Hagen (p. 318, pl. ii, fig. ii, 2) describes and figures a bristly knob on each side of the ~ mesothorax at the outer angles, which probably represents an aborted wing stump. This is clearly indicated in a camera lucida sketch sent to me by Mr. Morton, who was unacquainted with Hagen’s description, but it is not alluded to by Kolbe.—R. MeL. 1898. } 249 PALPARES LIBELLULOIDES, L.:—Blagaj near Mostar, Hercegovina, August 3rd, 3 Oe MACRONEMURUS APPENDICULATUS, Latr.:—Blagaj near Mostar, August 3rd,1 ¢, OF ASCALAPHUS KOLYVANENSIS, Laxm.:—Comana, July 12th, 1 ¢. CHRYSOPA VULGARIS, Schnd.:—Bufta near Bucarest, Wallachia, July 14th, one example. ODONATA. ORTHETRUM ALBISTYLA, Selys:—Comana, Wallachia, July 12th, 2 g. Not, I think, previously recorded from the district. ORTHETRUM CANCELLATUM, L.:—Bucarest, July llth, 1 9; Comana, July 12th, 1 9; Blagaj, August 8rd,1 9. This and the preceding species are closely allied structurally. The males of albistyla noticed above are fully adult, and have the slender form and pale appendages peculiar to the species, whereas the females appear to be very decidedly cancellatum, having all the characters of that species; the female example from Comana is im- mature, and yet has the anal styles deep black, whereas they remain pale in all stages of maturity in albistyla. ORTHETRUM BRUNNEUM, Fonse. :—Illidzo, Bosnia, July 26th, 1 3. ORTHETRUM Ramevuril, Selys:—Illidzo, Bosnia, July 26th, 1 g¢; Bufta, Bucarest, July 14th, 3 2. Probably not before recorded from the district. The male seems to agree entirely with others from Algeria: the females are immature, but I think the identification is correct, though it would have been more satisfactory to have had both sexes from each locality. SYMPETRUM FLAVEOLUM, L. :—-Igm4n near Slidze, Bosnia, July 21st, 1 g; Illiazo, July 26th,1 g,1 2. SYMPETRUM SANGUINEUM, Mill. :—Blagaj, August 3rd, 1 9. ANAX FoRMOstS, V. d. L. :—Blagaj, August 3rd, 1 3. HEMIANAX EPHIPPIGER, Burm.:—In a street at Cetinje in Montenegro, second week in August, 1 2. An interesting capture. The home of this species is Africa (but extending into Asia), and it has to be proved that it breeds in Europe. It has been recorded from Moldavia, from Mar- seilles, and a large migratory swarm was observed in Piedmont by the late M. Victor Ghilliani. Quite recently an example was caught near Ziirich by Dr. Ris, and another in the street at Brussels. CALOPTERYX SPLENDENS, Harris :— Bosna Brod, Bosnia, July 17th, 1 ¢ of the form having the apex of the wings narrowly pale, intermediate between the “race septentrionale”’ and the “ race méridionale ” (aanthostoma, Charp.). AGRION PUELLA, L.:—Igma4n near Slidze, July 21st,1 g. ERYTHROMMA NAJAS, Hansm.:—Bucarest, July 11th, 2 ?. LESTES VIRENS, Charp. :—Comana, July 12th, 2 ¢. estes BARBARA, F. :—Bucarest, July 11th, 1 g,1 9; Comana, July 12th, 1 9. At Budapest (Hungary), en route, Mr. Burr took Chrysopa phyllochroma,Wesm., Sympetrum meridionale, Selys, and Lestes barbara, F. Lewisham, London: September 24th, 1898. 250 [N emer NOTES ON A NEST OF BOMBUS HORTORUM, RACE SUBTERRANEUS. BY EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.S. I have recently (September 10th) received from Mr. W. H. Tuck, of Tostock, Bury St. Edmunds, the contents of a nest of Bombus hortorum, race subterraneus. The bees had selected a mole’s nest to rear its young in, which was situated “ quite five feet away from the entrance hole,” and, according to a diagram sent me by Mr. Tuck, about a foot and a half beneath the surface of the ground; the nest, which was formed of dried leaves, he says swarmed with Dipterous larve of all sizes, and also contained two Oryptophagi, and two other beetles. The bees sent consisted of eight large 9, 20—22 mm., of the usual dark variety, having traces of paler hairs on the pronotum and scutellum, and the fourth abdominal segment only clothed with dusky whitish hairs; three large ? , 20—22 mm., entirely black (var. Harrisellus), fourteen smaller (3) (var. Harrisellus), varying much in size from 15 down to 9 mm., and a corresponding series of nineteen § of the white-tailed form, having, besides the pale hairs on the pronotum and scutellum, a more or less defined band on the apex of the first abdominal segment. All the specimens of this latter variety of the ¢ have both the 4th and 5th segments of the abdomen clothed with white hairs, differing in this respect from the ?s, which have pale hairs on the 4th segment only, and these hairs of a more yellowish tint than those of the §; in looking at the specimens in my collection, I find this character holds good in all I have ; I cannot find any 2 of the subterraneus race which has the 5th segment white, nor any ° with it black. In the nest were two males, one a brightly coloured one of the ordinary hortorum and subterraneus type, and the other a Harris- ellus. Unfortunately, the whole contents of the nest were not secured, as the bees were not stupefied on account of the distance the nest was from its entrance hole. Mr. Tuck had poured in a wine- glass full of turpentine the previous evening, but it had very little effect on the bees, and he had to catch them as they emerged ; he thinks, however, that he secured most of the females and workers, but that many of the males escaped. The brightly banded ¢ was taken in cop. with a Harrisellus, 9; I have a similar pair in my collection found together by the late Mr. C. G. Hall at Dover. It would be in- teresting to ascertain whether the colour difference between the females and workers observed in this nest are always maintained. Of course it is a very variable species, and every shade of: variation 1898. 951 between the black and banded forms occurs, but it was new to me to find the workers of a nest all alike, and of a different type of colouring to the females ; it is possibly an analogous case to that of the effects of stylopization. In the latter, where the ovaries are affected by the parasite, and more or less atrophied, the tendency is for the ° to resemble the J, and it is not, therefore, improbable that the workers of a nest, which are only females with undeveloped ovaries, should in the same way tend to assume the ¢ livery ; this, of course, in this case being on the assumption that the male was of the banded white tailed var., and not a Harrisellus. St. Ann’s, Woking: September 16th, 1898. XYLOCORIDEA BREVIPENNIS, Revter: A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES TO THE LIST OF BRITISH HEMIPTERA. BY EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.8. For the capture of this very interesting addition to our fauna we are indebted to Mr. Claude Morley, who took three specimens of it under the bark of hawthorn bushes in Richmond Park on the 2nd of last March. It was first described by Reuter in Petites Nouvelles Entomologiques, ii, p. 55, and subsequently in his Monographia An- thocoridarum Orbis terrestris, p. 146, in which its capture is recorded from France (Paris and Hyéres), Spain and Italy (Naples and Vorno p- Lucca). Generically it may be distinguished from Xylocoris, its nearest British ally, by the shorter 1st and longer 2nd joints of its rostrum, by the long 4th joint of the antennz, which is much longer than the 3rd (this latter being unusually short), and by the more remote position of the eyes from the anterior margin of the pronotum, as well as by its abbreviated elytra. It is an elongate, rather flat insect, with very shining black head, thorax and abdomen with a few scattered long hairs, and dull, slightly paler elytra; the eyes are situated nearly in the centre of the sides of the head, being about equidistant from the apex of the pronotum and of that of the face; the 2nd joint of the an- tenn is pale and slightly thickened, and dusky towards the apex; pronotum narrow, with a slight apical constriction, lateral margins carinated, slightly reflexed and curved, tending to become sinuate just before the posterior angles, which are acute, base widely emarginate ; elytra, about as long as the pronotum and half the head, dull, with the embolium alone shining, clothed with a sparse suberect pilosity, mem- brane reduced to a mere strip; abdomen a good deal wider than the elytra, suboval ; legs, with the femora, blackish-brown, tibie slightly paler. L., 2°5 mm. St. Ann’s, Woking: October 18th, 1898. 252 [November, COLIAS EDUSA, &c., IN THE ISLE OF SHEPPEY. BY JAMES J. WALKER, RB.N., F.LS., &c. In this locality Colias Hdusa has been observed in sufficient numbers to constitute 1898 at least a second-rate “ Hdusa year.” The first specimen of the season (a ¢\) was noticed by me in a busy part of Chatham Dockyard on August 16th; and on the 20th it appeared in our Sheppey lucerne-fields, sparingly, it is true, but I find that more than two dozen examples have been taken by the local collectors up to the middle of September. Of those I have seen, some of the females are remarkable as well for their size as for the width of the dark border of the wings, which, in one instance, is almost devoid of the usual pale spots. C. Hyale has not been seen this year, as far as can be ascertained. Of the other species which are more or less irregular in their occurrence in Britain, a few Pyrameis cardui were seen by me on our cliffs on June 12th, their worn and travel-stained appearance bearing eloquent testimony to a long flight from more sunny climes; and, as usual, they were accompanied by Plusia gamma, in equally worn con- dition. The offspring of these immigrants appeared ‘about the third week of August in our lucerne-fields, in abundance and superb con- dition; and even now stragglers of both species may be seen on bright days. Some half dozen specimens of Sphinx convolvuli have fallen into the hands of the collectors here, and I have heard of several having been taken at Chatham. Nearly all seem to have been picked up casually at rest about the middle of September, and most of them are in worn condition. Two fine larve of Acherontia Atropos— “tater-dorgs,” as the Sheppey rustics invariably call them—have also been obtained this autumn in the potato fields. The floods of last November have proved very disastrous to two of our Sheppey specialities, Clistocampa castrensis and Acidalia emu- taria, both of which have been exceedingly scarce this year. The eggs of the former species, which are laid in the same manner as those of C. neustria on the stems of salt-marsh plants, were probably washed away, in most cases, into situations quite unsuitable for the larvee ; and the best locality for A. emutaria was totally destroyed by the breaking down of the sea-wall, and its subsequent repair. Porthesia chrysorrhea has been fairly abundant in all its stages in the locality where it was found last year, and I have seen several 1898.] 2538 broods of the larve on the hedgerows at a considerable distance from the main colony ; while the number of white webs on the sloe bushes, in which the young larve are snugly ensconced for the winter, give fair promise that the species will be at least as plentiful in the coming year 1899. 23, Ranelagh Road, Sheerness : October 7th, 1898. Colias Edusa near Guildford.—I can answer the editorial question as to the whereabouts of this species, as far as one specimen is concerned, having seen one in a field near Guildford on the 4th of this month.—R. M. Pripravx, 105, Reigate Hill: September 30th, 1898. Colias Edusa near Land’s End.—In reply to the query on page 231 of the Ent. Mo. Mag., as to “where is C. Hdusa this year?’ it may be of interest to note that I saw this species on September 2nd and 4th last at Sennen Cove, near Land’s End.—C. Barrier, Ingleside, 58, Woodstock Road, Bristol: October 4th, 1898. Acronycta alni at Clifton—Two larve were found this year by a friend of mine ; one in Clifton feeding on weeping willow, the other in Leigh Woods crawling amongst grass. I took a Plusia festuce at light on July 23rd; this is a rare species for this neighbourhood.—Ib. Xanthia ocellaris, Bkh., &c., at Woking.—1 had the good fortune to capture a slightly rubbed specimen of this rarity at sugar in our garden about 6.30 p.m., on September 28th. Mr. Barrett has seen the specimen, and agrees that it is the above named species. Amongst other things taken at Woking this year I might mention Epunda nigra and Polia flavocincta, several of which have been taken at sugar, and Hnnomos erosaria and fuscantaria at light. I have also taken four caterpillars at sugar, one of which was Dianthecia capsincolaa—H. A. SAUNDERS, St. Ann’s, Woking: October, 1898. Second brood of Lycena Alsus.—In Mr. Barrett’s work on the Lepidoptera of the British Islands, vol. i, he states with regard to Lycena Alsus that evidence of its being double-brooded in this country appears to be wanting. It may, therefore, be of interest to know that I captured several specimens during August of this year on the top of the hill between Swanage and Durlston Head, They were in fine condition, and fully as large as the specimens usually occurring in spring.—Gro. C. GrirFitus, 43, Caledonia Place, Clifton, Bristol: October 2nd, 1898. Lycena Lycidas in the Zermatt Valley.—I am anxious to make it known that L. Lycidas is to be found at St, Nicolas. On July 18th of this year I took six 5A (November, specimens; Mr. Backmaster also secured some afterwards. Since it has, I believe, on one occasion been reported from Visp, it appears probable that it may be found in suitable localities all along the Zermatt Valley, as well as at Berisal. St. Nicolas is very good hunting ground, and many other good things are numerous. Unfortu- nately I left the afternoon of the day of my captures, and was not able to follow up my success. But with the railway up to the door of a most comfortable and moderate hotel (‘The Grand,’ Otho Zumofeen, Proprietor), and in the centre of the Zermatt Valley, St. Nicolas is,as some know, a very El Dorado for entomologists. —F. EK. Lowe, St. Stephen’s Vicarage, Guernsey : September, 1898. Bombus Smithianus near Rye.—I happened to be in the marshes near Rye on August 25th, when the marsh mallow was blooming profusely on the banks of the ditches. The flowers were very attractive to the males of several Bombi, the commonest being B. terrestris, lapidarius, and a bright yellow species which, on examination, proved to be B. Smithianus, pale form. I visited these marshes again on September 8th, when this species was again found to be quite one of the commonest on the wing. On neither occasion did I take a single male of the very similarly coloured B. venustus, which in most places in the south is the only species of the two met with. I took, however, on the last occasion two workers and a female— the former on marsh mallow, the latter on lucerne, which, under the circumstances, I feel convinced are genuine specimens of B. Smithianus. The female is a larger and more heavily built insect than females of venustus from this neighbourhood, the hairs are denser and more even, and on the abdomen much more erect than in venustus. It is entirely clothed with pale hairs, of a yeilower tint than in venustus, with the exception of the bright fulvous patch on the dorsal surface of the thorax. This fulvous patch is brighter than in venustus, and it extends over a smaller area, being surrounded by the pale yellow hairs, a broad band of which in front and another behind, each shading off into the fulvous, gives both sexes of this pale form of Smithianus a very distinct appearance. Two females which I took in a field of late red clover near Kingsdown in September, 1895, agree with the female taken at Rye in the above particulars, and I think there can be no doubt that they are also examples of Smithianus, especially as this species is not unknown from this neigh- bourhood, the Rev. F. D. Morice having taken two males at Kingsdown in August, 1892. 4 LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mz. Van Voogst1’s SUCCESSORS), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, HY. H. MEBEHK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W., Supplies Entomoalogists with chery Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. 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Office: 29, Bedford Street, Strand, London. 2 CONTENTS. PAGE Aberrations of mee ees and Thecla ance clus (Plate i).—K. J. Morton, FES. 1 Deneriptions of ine lary ond pupa a Mareen ema Sangiell in = R. Bankes, MCAS BBS cone pisee Seren ee Local eararion in entaaynigee, fon fe Ofenbys: Gh @. ‘Burret i BE. 8. pabent 4 Cossus ligniperda: fee of habit of larva when ichneumoned.—T. A. Chap- man, M.D., F.E.S. 5 Notes on Aphides.—G. C. ‘pene: FB. E. 3. a 6 Cephenomyia auribarbis, Me.: larves, &e. Seon: B. N. Bloomfield, ‘UL. yh F. E. 8. 7 Notes on the Cstrine parasites of British Deer.—Hrnest H. Austen............... 8 Notes on some interesting Heteroptera met with in 1897.—F. B. Jennings ... 18 Peeciloseytus vulneratus, Wolff, an addition to the List of British aaeen —H. J. Thouless.. ‘ 15 Variation in the form of one sess & in sehen genus Mordella, 6 C. Giannon Homesiamen nigriceps, Kies. : Loman gneta. inh ; “16 Brachysomus hirtus, Boh. ee aa setulosus, Boh. >. ab chatter a i Wialllense ue woHilse Semaine!» ssncens scatter natis es casentieetiss een e000 doone sulle Captures of Coleoptera, Ga. during the past season in the vicinity of Heenan! —W. W. Hsam ......... Beer REO Rn AALS ntcutas aes med Lf The food of Silpha levierir. B a O. Thguess sau es ASE ade ecdvtende MALS Pissodes notatus near Wellington, Berks.—D. UM. Bucknall SRO eee: oD Pissodes notatus near Bournemouth.—E. J. Burgess Sopp ........0scceceueeeecee ees 19 Coleoptera notabilia of the Liverpool district during 1897.—W. H. Sharp ...... 19 Prosopis dilatata and Megachile versicolor near Maidstone.—Hubert Elgar ... 20 Pompilus (Aporus) unicolor, Spin., near Dover.—F. W. L. Sladen ............... 20 A freak of Nature: Lasiocampa trifolli.—Sydney Webb .........0.0.cccccecceeseees 20 Limnophilus nigriceps, Zett., at Ipswich. Claude Morley, F.H.8. ............. 20 Limnophilus affinis at sea ten miles from land.—R. McLachlan, F.R.S. ......... 21 SocietIzEs.—Birmingham Entomological Society ... ..........:cccceeceeceetescceseseee 21 Cambridge Entomological, &ec., Society .........06. - ceceseversecceseee 21 South London Entomological, &., Society 00.0... 6. eeeeseeseeveeeee = 22 Hmiomologicalesocietyeof Wondont say.c:-se-ssaicsdecseeenes (eecer es eentce 23 DES STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ-DRESDEN, in their new Price List, No. XLI, offer more than 15,000 species of well- named LEPIDOPTHRA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world, in finest condition ; 1300 kinds SE PREPARED LARVA ; numerous LIVING PUPA, &e. Separate Price Lists K and XVI for COLEOPTERA (19,000 species); List V for HYMENOPTERA (2530 species), DIPTERA (1500), HEMIPTERA (1700), ORTHOPTERA (650), NEUROPTERA (450). List XI for SHELLS (5000). PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS. NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS. Vol]. 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WATKINS & BONCASTER, Haturalisis, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zinc Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz.; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d.,1/- ; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Egg Drills, 2d., 8d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vascu- lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. *,* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Hd. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera. Exchange Lists, 14d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. A large stock of British, Buropean, and Bxotic hepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ kygs. EIN Ar @M@ i @ GC r@ AG eens The ‘ DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, Cc. tes ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LON DON. Birds and Mammals, Sc., l’'reserved § Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to any address on application CY ees 2 fe wor Second Series, No. 98. | "No 408.1 J] FEBRUARY, 1898. [Price 6d. FEB 14 1882 3 TH K ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE. EDITED BY ia C. G. BARRETT, FES. W.W. FOWLER, M.A.,F.LS. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. RB. M’LACHLAN, F.R.S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.BS., &c. SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIvV.] “J’engage donc tous 4 éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la plus courtoise.”—Laboulbéne. 2 LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mz. Van Voozrst’s Successors), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, HK. H. MBHK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S&.W., Supplies Entomologists with cbery Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. Ail Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. nnn PPA RRA ne DDRII Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/ Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6, Pocket Relaxing Box, 3 / Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, 1d. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/,& 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cloth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottie, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. ENToMOLoGICAL Casinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. “NATURE, be A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIEKCE. PRICE Gd. ““ NaTuRE” contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Reports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters cf current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” a3 5 Cle ie er Abr ae ey GG Yearly ... oe a = 18 0 Yearly .. 10 6 Half-Yearly ... ir 014 6 Half-Yearly fe a 015 6 Quarterly ... bac Ps O76 Quarterly 08s 0 Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. Lf CONTENTS. PAGE Notes on the Rhopalocera, &c., of the ae ere the Epps ee —Albert H. Jones, F.H.S. .. Mae eA Note on a few Orthoptera from Te ero wand Koren: = tatcoine Bae P. Z. 8. spb 06s, we) Coleoptera in the Manchester District during 1897.—J. Harold Bailey, M.B.... 30 Revision of the Nomenclature of Micro-Lepidoptera (commenced).—kKt. Hon. Lord Waisingham, M.A., F.R.S., ¥c., and J. Hartley Durrant, F.E.S.... ..... 34 On certain recent additions to the British Muscidzo sie of Verrall’s aie —Ernest H. Austen.. : Lse OD Meeting of the Tniometioral Gonmrene ‘of Toston at lemondeen in 1898 sodotio 40 The Ragonot Collection of Micro- Wepidopterd) ccsnccete serene tee cere e eee mtases LO Homalota clancula, Hr., near Chesham.—E. G. Hila pane 40 Andricus (Aphilotrix) corticis, L.,and A. see aioe =¢. C. “Bignell, F.E.S. 40 Aculeate TEipmsaesoH ae Staborouent Heath, orca ee. ai J. Reiniey, P. ih 8. 41 Aculeate Hymenoptera at Newquay, North Cornwall.—Id. ............cessseeeees) 4D Diptera taken in the New Forest.—F. C. Adams, F.H.S....... .1...ccscsecseeeeeeeecee 42 Mites wanted! ........... 43 Revirw.—Report of the euvemerent! Bntomologist (.¢ © HL) fe Bn 1896: + by ¢ C. P. Lounsbury . ..... ‘ 43 OsiTuaRY.—George Henry isan, M.D. Bone cn Sedeecebac mocnnonpacredoormdseds. i e3) George Christopher Dea, Fr i. 8. ‘alae cube gaeabtocneptaniar senate cua rack SocietIES.—Birmingham Hntomological Society ... .......ccecseceeesen see ceeeeeeereee 44 South London Entomological, & ., Society ........ 6... seeeeesseeees.s 45 Entomological Society of London ............ 45 Some new species of Trichoptera belonging to the Murepean Facade ih pores on others.—R. McLachlan, F.B.S., “Se. Sila AO etree Gade saath se alee dosemets- “40 Those who have not yet remitted their Subscriptions for the current Vol. (1898) are requested to do so at their early convenience DE. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ- DRESDEN, in their new Price List, No. XLI, offer more than 15,000 species of well named LEPIDOPTHRA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world, in finest condition ; 1300 kinds of PREPARED LARVA; numerous LIVING PUPA, &e. Separate Price Lists X and XVI for COLEOPTERA (19,000 species); List V for HYMENOPTERA (2530 species), DIPTERA (1500), HEMIPTERA (1700), ORTHOPTERA (650), NEUROPTERA (450). List XI for SHELLS (5000). PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—Meetings for the Session 1898 —9:— Wednesday, February 2nd and 16th, March 2nd and 16th, April 6th, May 4th, June Ist, October 5th, November 2nd and 16tk, December 7th, 1898, and (Annual), Janaary 18th, 1899. XTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 2np, 1898, at 8 p.m.—Papers to be read: (1) “The Larva of Pelophila:” by Rev. W. F. Johnson and G. H. Carpenter. (2) “New Species of Rhopalocera :” by F. D. Godman, F.R.S., and O, Salvin, F.R.S. FoR SALE. — LARVA AND PUP of very many of the BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA; also fine and well-set specimens of Bririsy TBPIDOPTERA —— ACULEATE Hymenoprrera ——Saw Furs —— Icunzumons —~— COLEOPTERA DipreraA —— HemipreERA——NEUROPTERA. Preserved Pupe, Pupa Cases, and Cocoons of Lepidoptera, Sc. For Price Lists, which are separate, apply to— W. H. HARWOOD, Colchester EXCHANGE. Will offer good species from North America, Mexico, Central America, U.S. Columbia, and Venezuela, for good species from Malayan Islands, China, and Australia.— Livi W. MENGEL, Reading, Pa., U.S. A. Wanted—Fleas of the Badger and House Mouse in dilute spirit, with data. Will give cash or Lepidoptera.—CuaruEs Roruscuip, Tring, Herts. NOW READY, THE BNTOMOLOGIST’S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. VIII, New Series (Vol. X XXIII), strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-. Covers for binding, 1/- each. London: GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. E.C. IMPORTANT NOTICE. From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864—1889) can be obtained only in complete Volumes, bound or unbound. A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five consecutive Vols. at £1 per set net (if bound, 1s. per Vol. extra). Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols. i to ix can be had separately at 10s. each. The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20, and 21 of the First Series. Apply to the Publishers. May 29th, 1893. WATKINS & BONCASTER, Daturalisis, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zine Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz. ; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in Jeather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d. ; Egg Drills, 2d., 3d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vascu- lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. *,* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera. Exchange Lists, 13d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. & large stock of British, Buropean, and Hxotic hLepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ Eggs, JBN EOI Olin OGrtQyaily JEItIN SS. The “DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOCM FOR CABINETS, &c. «= ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LON DON. Birds and Mammals, S§c., Preserved & Mounted by first-class workmen. Qur New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to any address on application | | | L i | | plus courtoise.” —Laboulbéne. MAR 29 1898 Second Series, No. 99.] [No. 406.] MARCH, 1898. [Price 6d. Jos” THE ENTOMOLOGISTS MONTHLY MAGAZINE, EDITED BY ; C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W.W. FOWLER, M.A., F.LS. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. MLACHLAN, F.k.S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S8. E. SAUNDERS, F.LS. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., &c. SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIV.] ——— “J’engage donc tous 4 éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la —~~— LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mz. Van Voorst1’s Successors), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, KEK. H. MBH K, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W,, Supplies Entomologists with eberp Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. Atl Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. ARIAT RATAN ARR RRADADRARALAR AD ADA AAA AA AAA ID LDL LLP PIS PAID OLIN PI III Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/ Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6. . Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d . Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, ld. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d.,9d., 1/, and 1/6 —_ Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 [Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/,& 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage. 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. Enromotocicat Casinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. “NATURE,” A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE Gd. “ NATURE” contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Keports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters of current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” | £ s. d. (To all places Abroad). 25) Sb le Yearly ... Sat ae aoe 18s 0 Yearly ... ue oe as 110 6 Half-Yearly ... oe 014 6 Half-Yearly ... a 015 6 Quarterly ... i av O07 6 Quarterly ... ae he 0so0 Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. Lo CONTENTS. PAGE Some new species of Trichoptera belonging to the Kuropean Fauna, with notes on others (concluded).—R. McLachlan, F.R.S., Sc. ......... 3 49 Some remarks on the Bagous lutosus, Gyll., and B. alabritestrie, Herbst (Gaon lentus, Gyll.), of British Collections.—G. C. Champion, F.Z.S.. Sondre On the occurrence in Spain of Lyczena (Tarucus) Theophrastus, F., a auuteenty new to the Fauna of Europe.—Percy H. Grimshaw, F.E.S .. 600 000 54 Coleoptera in flood rubbish in the Isle of Sheppey. —J. J. Walker, R. N,, PL. 8. 56 Notes on the genus Chloriona, Fieb., with description of a new species.—J. Edwards, F.E.S. . Sue ten ereeess OS Aculeates taken at entrant Coldfield i in 1 1897. Frio c. Bradley Looe ser iciass ar». E2 Cynomyia alpina, Zett., in Warwickshire.—Iqd . sayse: eee OS Diptera in the New Forest: a correction.—F. 0. ‘Aduarae BE. Sy epdacaas0 63 Hystricopsylla talps, Curt. ian: Rits.), at Chatham. —J. J. Walker, R.N., F.L.S8. . We ee ages Coleoptera in the Coicheeter TRC in 1897. = Been 8. Ferner Busnes, (Oe Silvanus similis near Southampton.—bL. M. Bucknill ............601 2 cee eee eo eeeee 68 The genus Hrebia ......... diontstaneee = 10D Hrebia lappona in the Uanor Engadine, Leet H. Sones P. zB. &. HeetLaeOD Tzeniocampa munda in the autumn.—John F. Churchill, M.R.C. s. mide yey, OO Observations on the pairing of Dasycampa rubiginea, F. emuctare R. Buyikes, Bblpochors metionloee; L., - cnideDeosmiber nt able nsae raced Welriacy acne ani ial (100 Psocus major, Loens, in Surrey.—C. A. Briggs, F.H.S. ......cccceccer cesses ceseseess 66 Early Neuroptera, &c., in North Devon.—Id. ...... ... 66 Excess of Naphthaline injurious to collections.—Z. R. Bankes M. A, FE. RB. S. 66 Lively halves of a bisected insect.—C. H. Mortimer .... 0.00.00 5. cecceeeee ees 67 Oxiruaky.—Jamesr Ch OmsOnigera esses ssc aekancsiet: sonee eeseelvoeetaee ass: Cee eRe ses OS SocriETI£ESs.— Birmingham EAcoinotogioal Bei Banani. COACH cat Ese ae nasona ada. bts Entomological Society of London . .......... 0 69 Lozopera francillonana, F., compared with its allies * (Pate 11). Right } Hon. Lord Walsingham, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., Sc. .. Joedaattsitisedicaeuiaca uaa eed) MONDAY, MARCH 21st. A Collection of British Lepidoptera formed by H. W. MATHIAS, Esq., of Thames Ditton, containing many fine and rare species obtained by pur- chase from well known Collections, that have been sold during the past four or five years; also Exotic Butterflies, and a General Collection of Natural History Specimens. R. J. C. STEVENS will Sell the above by Auction at his Great Rooms, 38, King Street, Covent Garden, as above, at half-past 12 precisely. a On view Saturday prior, 10 till 4, and Morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. PRELIMINARY NOTICE. The Valuable Collection of British Lepidoptera formed by GEO. ELISHA, Esq., who is giving up Collecting. The Collection is particularly rich in bred specimens, but all are in the finest possible condition. ME. J. C. STEVENS will Sell the above by Auction at his Great Rooms, 38, King Street, Covent Garden, early in APRIL. QOUTH LONDON ENTOMOLOGICAL & NATURAL HISTORY -SOCIETY.—Parrrs TO BE READ:—March 10th, Mr. Fred. Clark—Photo- micrographs ; 24th, Rev. W. J. Horsley, M.A.—A Chat on Snails; April 14th, Mr. R. South, F.E.8.--British and Japanese Lepidoptera compared; 28th, Mr. E. Saunders, F.1..8.—Hemiptera; May 12th, Mr. A. H. Jones, F.H.S.—South European Lepidoptera ; 26th—Geological Lecture. NOW READY, THE ENTOMOLOGIST’S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. VIII, New Series (Vol XXXIII), strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-. Covers for binding, 1/- each. London: GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. B.C. Complete in one thick volume, royal 8v0, with 59 plates engraved on copper from the author's drawings : A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE TRICHOPTHRA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Rospertr MchacuHiay, F.R.S., F.L.S., &&.: Price, £3 10s. First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s. London: Gurney & JacKkson, 1, Paternoster Row, H.C. Session 1898 -9:— Wednesday, March 2nd and 16th. April 6th, May 4th, June Ist, October 5th, November 2nd and 16th, December 7th, 1898, and (Annual), Januvary lito, 159d. WATKINS & BONCASTER, Aaturalists, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, éc.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/8, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zine Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz. ; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very aseful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. improved Pocket Pupa-digger in Jeather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Egg Drills, 2d., 8d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vasen- lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. *,* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Hd. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera. Exchange Lists, 14d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. A large stock of British, Ruropean, and Exotic Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ Eggs. IDV AO IMI yO GHUOvVAIEy Je ibIN The “DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, Xc. ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LON DON. Birds and Mammals, Sc., Preserved & Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to any address on application _ Second Series, No. 100.] | (No. 407,] APRIL, 1898. [Price 6d. PTE 5 APR i318998 THR ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE EDITED BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W.W. FOWLER, M.A., F.L.S. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. RB. MLACHLAN, E.R.S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.BS., &c. ——-—_— SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [Vi@ih nee] “Jengage donc tous 4 éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la plus courtoise.” —Laboulbéne. —+ EORNEO IN; GURNEY & JACKSON (Mk. Van Voorst’s Successors), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, EK. H.-MBEBHK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W., Supplies Entomolagists with ebery Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. PF RAR ADDR DID RD DDAE BRD EARA RARE DRAB RADI DPI D PIII III IIIIPRIIPPPLPL SPP PIP ADI Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/ Posket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6, Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, Hd. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/,& 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottie, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. EnToMoLoGicaL Casinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. “NATURE,” A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE Gd. “ NaTuRE” contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also -contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, whick form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Keports of the Proceedings of — the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters cf current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” & th (To all places Abroad). Se Sacle "Mearly jas. 6h et ee SO. Vearly :::0 0 ss) ss CLOG Half-Yearly _... ue 014 6 Half-Yearly ... oe 015 6 Quarterly ... as ws O77 6 Quarterly... ee abe 08s 0 Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. % CONTENTS. PAGE - Lozopera francillonana, F., compared with its allies (concluded).—Right Hon. Lord! Walsingliant (MAC EL.D:, BS Be Sey O66... 02ci%. ds cace hd dav dee tevanes ~ankens 73 Notes on the larva of Cidaria sagittata. —H. F. Piryer.......ce ccc cc ey cece cee cence 76 A new Marine Hydrometrid (Plate I11).—George H. Carpenter, B.Sc., F.H.S.... 78 Frauenfeldia rubricosa, Mg.: an addition to the British Muscide SP eoaei/ of Verrall’s List).—Ernest EH. Austen .. a¢ 81 Harpalus Freelichi, Sturm (tardus, Pz.): an S adition: A "the ‘British Tee E. A. Newbery. With notes by Claude Morley, F.H.S......... ceeseeseesee serene 84 Micro-Lepidoptera in Cumberland.—G. Wilkinson ........ snepeenoosugendueoscas | te) Deilephila galii bred by forcing.— Rev. C. F. Benthall, M. A Ceeceieste TOE Polyommatus Alexis (?) in February.—Sydney Webb ............ ccc cenceccec ce seenes 87 Bembidium punctulatum, Drap., in the Lea Valley.—F. B. Jennings ............ 87 An additional character in the male of Homalota marcida, Er.—£. George Elliman ......... 88 A new way of packing Goleentors a ibne Recaneen _1. The Gent Siegen F.E.S. Sone 88 Oxycera dives: lines if Rancech: vind notes 6 on tte: genus. sp W. “Dale, P. B. 8. 88 Tnjury to cloth by Sirex javencus.—W. Grant Guthrie ......ceccceccececeesseseeeee, 88 Societies.—Birmingham Entomological Society ............ sdgedsbo8ocbq0000a000 000,00 89 South London Entomological, &c., aoe Fearn eeu sath oe MoME OT Beacon OD. Entomological Society of London.. oo daabod ood Hoaudenbadedons doa eobooo | Ae! Observations on Coccidz (No. 17).—R. Newstead, PB. 3. SUR SHER GHOT OSG ANBEMNebeRE eats y= DE. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ- DRESDEN, in their new Price List, No. XLI1, offer more than 15,000 species of well- named LEPIDOPTERA, sei or in papers, from all parts of the world, in finest condition ; 1300 kinds of PREPARED LARVA; numerous LIVING PUPA, &e. Separate Price Lists X and XVI for COLEOPTERA (19,000 species); List V for HYMENOPTERA (2530 species), DIPTERA (1500), HEMIPTERA (1700), ORTHOPTERA (650), NEUROPTERA (450). List XI for SHELLS (5000). PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS. MONDAY, APRIL 25ra. The Valuable Collection of British Lepidoptera formed by GEO. ELISHA, Esq., who is giving up Collecting The Collection is particularly rich in bred specimens, but all are in the finest possible condition. R. J. C. STEVENS will Sell the above by Auction at his Great Rooms, 38, King Street, Covent Garden, as above, at half-past 12 precisely. On view Saturday prior, 10 till 4, aud Morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. O COLEOPTERISTS.—FOR SALE, STURM’S COLEOPTERA (Deutchland’s Kafer), 23 Vols. bound in 11, half calf, 424 coloured plates, 4000 pages. For particulars apply— “ROSEMOUNT,” Hannington Road, Boscombe, Hants. WANTED TO PURCHASE, EXOTIC COCOONS from India, Africa and Australia. CAN SUPPLY, at Wholesale Prices, AMERICAN LEPIDOPTERA ; Cocoons and Pupz, and Fertilized Ova a speciality. Send for Catalogue. Prof. CARL BRAUN, Naturalist, Bangor, Me., U.S.A. NOW READY, THE ENTOMOLOGIST’S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. VIII, New Series (Vol. XXXIII), strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-. Covers for binding, 1/- each. London: GURNBY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. E.C. Complete in one thick volume, royal 8vo0, with 59 plates engraved on cabees from the author's drawings : A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE TRICHOPTERA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Rosert McLacutan, F.R.S., F.LS., &e. Price, £3 10s. First Additional! Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s. London: Gurney & Jackson, 1, Paternoster Row, H.C. Berlin: FrreDLANDER und Soun, 11, Carlstrasse. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—Meetings for the Session 1898-9 :—- Wednesday, April 6th, May 4th, June Ist, October 5th, November 2nd and 16th, December 7th, Heer apd(Annual), ) PERE 18th, 1899. FoR SALE TART AND PUPA of very many of the BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA ; also fine and well-set specimens of Brreisit TEPIDOPTERA —— ACULEATE Hy wenoprera — Saw Furies —— IcHNreumons —— COLEOPTERA Diprera —— HeMirpTeRa—— NEUROPTERA. Preserved Pupe, Pupa Cases, and Cocoons of Lepidoptera, Se. For Price Lists, which are separate, apply to— We Ele OO Ds Cotenester WATKINS & DONCASTER, Aaturalists, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, are &e.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Tlain Ring Net, us Aes 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zine Pocket Boxes, 9d., nye 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to Ge Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins. 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz. ; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/-; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in Jeather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessity, implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3 ; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Egg Drills, 2d., 2d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vascu- Jum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro- -Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. *..* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Hd. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera, Exchange Lists, 14d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. & large stock of British, Ruropean, and &xotic Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ Kyggs. IN AE @iIVi@ is @ Ge wien The “ DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c. (gs ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LONDON. Birds and Mammuais, Sc., I'reserved & Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to any address on application f Cw: \O-~- AY N | er MAY, 1898. [Price 6d. “MAY 74 1898 el Y i4 1898 THE pe — /Y, 003 ENTOMOLOGIST MONTHLY MAGAZINE. EDITED BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W.W. FOWLER, M.A.,, F.LS. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. MLACHLAN, F.R.S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E, SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.RS., &c. —_-__ SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIV.] “J’engage donc tous a éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la | plus courtoise.” —Laboulbéne. | Pe i LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mz. Van Voorst’s Successors), | 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, H. H. MBH K, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W., Supplies Entomalogists with chery Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. BARR AA ARRDA AAD DREAD ADD Dn PDD AAARA AY Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2 / Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18,for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6. Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ _ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, 1d. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d.,9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postak Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/,& 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. ENTOMOLOGICAL CaBINETS, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. “NATURE,” A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE Gd. ‘“ NaTURE”’ contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Reports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters cf current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” £ s. d. (To all places Abroad). Seen Yearly ... is oa oo 18s80 Yearly ... a ah oa 110 6 Helf-Yearly ... rE 014 6 Half-Yearly ... a 015 6 Quarterly... a a O76 Quarterly ... Eve i 08s 0 Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and COo., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. ig CONTENTS. PAGE Observations on Coccides (No. 17).—R. Newstead, F.E.S. 0.0.0... cceceecec eee 97 Oak Galls.—@. C. Bignell, P.E.S. .. . uc cece Seen ke ee haeeeaee eee Oe Diagnoses of some new Aradidz.—E. Bergr ith, U D.. SomeBCH 160 ‘Anaspis latipalpis, Schilsky: an addition to the British list, with remark on various other species of the genus.—@. C. Champion, F.Z.8........ ... ..... 101 Further notes on the direct photographic enlargement of entomological speci- mens (Plate IV).—T. A. Gerald Strickland, F.E.S. Bue .. 103 Results of protracted pupal condition in Asphalia ridieng ig) G. Barrett P. BE. 8. 106 Two new Taeed from Scotland and Algeria ees —K. J. Morton, tachi te Hhapovel, Serged A. Menenicr. B. ae F. E. Ss. UE cersc nn LOO Pyrrhocoris apterus on the Orestone Rock.—G. C. Bignell, F.B.S................... 112 Acanthia inodora, Dugés.— J. W. Douglas, F.E.S... AM DOC LCOR SE Comes aol w Coleoptera in the Plymonth District.—James H. Reyae sa eieabacueor AS} Lemophleeus ater, &c., at Chilbolton, Hants.—R. W. ifn PB. 8... dooneee lillas Coleoptera on a Yorkshive Moor!-—ReviW..@. Hey, MeAn 0. o\cees ee. 113 A new locality for Aétophorus imperialis, Germ.—J. J. Walker, R. N., F.L.S.... 114 Habits of Heptaulacus testudinarius.—#. J. Burgess-Sopp, F.E.S. ...... . ...... ane Some recent captures of Lepidoptera around Norwich.—H. J. Thouless ........ 115 Socirty.—Hntomological Society of London . aeons 116 cea to “A He ace of British Papotiodidie: <— ve B. “Raton, M an TUESDAY, MAY 24ru. The remaining portion of the Collection of British Lepidoptera formed by GEO. ELISHA, Esq., also the Entomological and Botanical Books, &c. ME. J. C. STEVENS will Sell the above by Auction at his Great Rooms, 38, King Street, Covent Garden, on TuEspay, May 24th, at half-past 12 precisely. On view the day prior, 10 till 4, and Morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. Complete in one thick volume, royal 8vo, with 59 plates engraved on copper from the author's drawings : A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE TRICHOPTERA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Rospert McLacuian, F.R.S., F.L.S., &. Price, £3 10s. First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s. London: Gurney & Jackson, 1, Paternoster Row, E.C. Berlin: FrigDLANDER und Soun, 11, Carlstrasse. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—Meetings for the Session 1898-9 :— Wednesday, May 4th, June Ist, October 5th, November 2nd and 16tk, December 7th, 1898, and (Annual), January 18th, 1899. NOW READY, THE ENTOMOLOGIST’S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. VIII, New Series (Vol. XX XIII), strongly boundin Cloth. Price 7/-. Covers for binding, 1/- each. London: GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row, E.C. EXCHANGE. Wanted.—Accounts of varieties or localities of species of British Aphodii.—- .F. Bouskett, Market Bosworth, Nuneaton. { have an extensive collection of American Lepidoptera, and should be pleased to correspond with reference to exchanging for British specimens.—ALFRED E. ListER, 921, Vine Street, Scranton Pa, U.S. A. IMPORTANT NOTICE. From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864—1889) can be obtained only in complete Volumes, bound or unbound. A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five consecutive Vols. at £1 per set net (if bound, Is. per Vol. extra). Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols. i to ix can be had separately at 10s. each. The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20, and 21 of the First Series. Apply to the Publishers. May 29th, 1893. froR SALE. — LARVZ AND PUP of very many of the BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA; also fine and well-set specimens of BritisH TEPIDOPTERA —— ACULEATE Hym#Noprera ——Saw F1nies —— IcHNEUMONS —— COLEOPTERA DipreERA —— HEMIPTERA ——NFEUROPTERA. Preserved Pupe, Pupa Cases, and Cocoons of Lepidoptera, Sc. or Price Lists, which are separate, apply to— W. H. HARWOOD, Colchester “WATKINS & BONCASTER, Daturalists, ‘Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket - Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zine Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz. ; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/-; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. Taxiderniists’ Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Egg Drills, 2d., 2d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vascu- jum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. *.* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Hd. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.8., F.E 8., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera. Exchange Lists, 13d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. & large stock of British, Ruropean, and &xotic Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ bogs. ISIN DOO IM Ori LyOECHIC Avity JPN S. The “ DIXON’ LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c. GE ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LON DON. Birds and Mammals, Jc., Preserved & Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.} sent post free to any address on application Second Series, No. 102. | (No. 409.] JUNE, 1898. [Prick 6d. lf 005” THE ENTOMOLOGIST’S MONTHLY MAGAZINE. EDITED BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLER, M.A., F.LS. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. RB. MLACHLAN, F.R.S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.B.S., &c. —_——__-—— SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [LVOL. XXXIV.] ~ “engage donc tous a éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la plus courtoise.” —Laboulbéne. = + = LONDON: | GURNEY & JACKSON (Mr. Van Voorst’s Successors), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, Hi. H. MHBHEK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W., Supplies Entomologists with ebery Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. nn a enn nnn nnnnnnnnnnnr SU PPP DARA AERP ADA AD DPD API AD AA Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/ Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6. Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2 each Mahogany Pocket "Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 fntomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, 1d. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d.,9d.,1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 [mproved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, © Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ Corked Stzre Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/, & 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y,-1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. HNTOMOLOGICAL CABINETS, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN “N ATURE,’ “e A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL us SGHERC, PRICE Gd. ‘ NATURE”’ contains Original Articles on all ee coming within the domain ot Science, contributed by ‘the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Keports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters of current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” a & th ie te ase eer) Ga) Gla Yearly ... ai ties eee ERS! FO) Yearly . oc 110 6 Half-Yearly ... a 014 6 Half-Yearly ae ae 015 6 Quarterly ... be ies 076 Quarterly ... ... er 08 QO Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. ed CONTENTS. PAGE Supplement to ‘‘ A Synopsis of British Psychodide” (continued).—Rev. A. E. Bato, IMA SATS OY Bee erst CORR a roles He ose tee ate the wn Qsnm paspigions-sme ss vcs 121 On the habits of Liothula omnivora, Fereday.—W. W. Smith, F.E.S............. 125 Some new British Tenthredinide.—Rev. F. D. Morice, M.A., F.H.S. .............. 127 The sexual characters of the British species of Tomoxia, Mordella and Mor- dellistena.—G. C. Champion, F.Z.S. ... ...... 128 New Corsican Micro- poe —Rt. Hon. Bore ‘Walsingham, M. As LL.D. bo F.R.S. 131 Ten weeks ab ie eal ae ieee ieteran (Ben Doboran) in “emia of Caddis flies in 1897.—J. J. F. X. King, F.E.S. Ree csuke | ebb e aoe eee 134 Revision of the Nomenclature of Micro- laniowions (ernie. —Rt. Hon. Lord Walsingham, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., and J. Hartley Durrant, F.E.S.. 135 Diptera from Suffolk, Iperdsen. ee E. N. Bloomfield, M.A, F.E.S. . ... 137° Scolopostethus grandis, Horv., at Tunbridge Wells.—E. peepee F..S8. ... .. 188 Aecanthiz on tame rabbits.—J. W. Douglas, F.E.S. ; PRICE Ocoee Sentra! ears) Aphodii in the burrows of Geotrupes.—G. C. Ghamiparh FB. Z. Ss. cet ciate 138 Philonthus fascus, Grav., in Chatham Dockyard.—J. J. Walker, R.N., F. if, Ss. _ 139 Rerview.—British Orthoptera: by Malcolm Burr, F.Z.8.........s00cceseeceeeeeeee eee 139 Qvirvsry.—Walliam: Milest Maskell. cc,biccs scatecsavek soteened d-oietesmee ance eaerak aloe Jules Migneaux.. eis ia bheedeoverey alka actos Samotece teatro: LAO Prof. Mariano de i Paz Graélls.. cadbA FaSHoBbaD kod cebacs eddoamene: eseou LHD) SocieTizs.—Birmingham Entomological Sei Hu Matar yaet petite eooetnccs LAO South London Entomological, &e., Sacisiiy sss . 1 The Tineina of North West Kent and ee portion o of r Sore. Ber. ve Bower, F.H.S. . sae : iv w. 142 LOCALITY LABELS, neatly printed, 2s. 9d. per thousand, post free (equal quantities of aot more than four sorts to the thousand, each sort on a separate slip). Dr. D. Sharp says, “ These labels are perfectly satisfactory.” J. H. KEYS, Printer, 7, Whimple Street, Plymouth. Complete in one thick volume, royal 8vo, with 59 plates engraved on copper from the author's drawings : A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE TRICHOPTERA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Rosert McLacuian, F.R.S., F.L.S., &e. Price, £3 10s. First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s. London: Guryuy & Jackson, 1, Paternoster Row, H.C. Berlin: FriepLANDER und Soun, 11, Carlstrasse. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—Meetings for the Session 1898—9:— Wednesday, June Ist, October 5th, November 2nd and 16tk, De- cember 7th, 1898, and (Annual), January 18th, 1899. NOW READY, THE ENTOMOLOGIST’S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. VIII, New Series (Vol. XXXITI), strongly boundin Cloth. Price 7/-. Covers for binding, 1/- each. London: GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. E.C. TO DEALERS AND OTHERS. wCOPARIA BASISTRIGALIS, Kynages.— Wanted to Purchase Good Specimens of the above. Apply to Dr. KNAGGS, Lennard Road, Folkestone. IMPORTANT NOTICE. From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864—1889) can be obtained only in complete Volumes, bound or unbound. A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are offered at the reduced price of £2 15s, per set net (in parts), or of five consecutive Vols. at £1 per set net (if bound, Is. per Vol. extra). Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols. i to ix can be had separately at 10s. each. The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20, and 21 of the First Series. Apply to the Publishers. May 29th, 1893. FOR, SALE. — LARVA AND PUPE i very many of oe BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA; also fine and well-set specimens of Bririst TEPIDOPTERA —— ACULEATE HymMmNnoprera —— Saw F Lies —— ICHNEUMONS — COLEOPTERA DipreERA —— HEMIPTERA——- NEUROPTERA. Preserved Pupe, Pupa Cases, and Cocoons of Lepidoptera, sc. For Price Lists, which are separate, apply to— W. A. Oe Colon awer WATKINS & DONCASTER, Raturalists, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zine Pocket Boxes, 94., ae, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete Seb of 14 boards, ‘10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5-3 Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/- ; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz.; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d.,1/- ; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessa1y implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair ; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Hgg Drills, 2d., 8d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vaseu- lum, 1/6, ZO °3/6, 4/6, 7/6 ; Label List of British Macro- -Lepidoptera, with Latin and “English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. *,.* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Hd. Meyrick, “B. A., F.Z.8., F.H.S., accor ding to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera, Exchange Lists, led. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 eack. A large stock of British, Ruropean, and &xotic Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ Byggs. EINE @IVi@ ie @ Ge Sie ANS The “ DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, Xe. GSEs ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LONDON. Birds and Mammals, §c., Preserved Y Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent past free to any address on application AUG 2 1898 Second Series, No.103.] JULY. 1898. [No. 410,] [PRricE 6d. [44,005 THE ENTOMOLOGISTS MONTHLY MAGAZINE, EDITED BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W.W. FOWLER, M.A.,F.LS. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.8. RB. MLACHLAN, F.R.S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A. LL.D., F.B.S., &c. SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIV.] ——— “J’engage donc tous 4 éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la plus courtoise.”—Laboulbéne. —_. > —_—__—- LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mr. Van Voorst’s SuccEssoRS), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, KE). H. MEHK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, 8S.W,, Supplies Entomologists with ebery Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. AW Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. mm ~ Stee! Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/ Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6, Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1 | per 0z., Exchange Lists, 1d. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6— Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/,& 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sngaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 ARR AAR RARDIN. PRADA ARRAN AAR AAA. A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. EnTomotocicat Casinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. fo TED 7 A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE Gd. “ NaTuRE” contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Reports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters of current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” £ s. d. (To ail places Abroad). ee % (th Yearly ... ae es ee 18: 0 Yearly ... as a3 ee 10 6 Healf-Yearly ... ad 014 6 Half-Yearly .... ae 015 6 Quarterly ... ae ne 076 Quarterly 080 Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. if }Y £ CONTENTS. PAGE The Tineina of North West Kent and adjioming Borvon of Surrey (oni): —Benj. A. Bower, F.E.S. . 145 Stray notes on some Micro- Menten ters ot ine: Reading “Diath. FA) @ R. Digby, W.A.. 150 Notes on the Lae ease oe Beesierichas pees: abbeek: 7 “Enoch, F. i, 8. 152 A few Psocidz from the Eastern Pyrenees.—R. McLachlan, F.R.S., fc. .......-- 153 Supplement to “‘ A Synopsis of British Benet Py Cone: —Rev. A. E. Haton, MiA., FLE.S. 22... 154 Isopteryx torrentium, Pict., od i Premera Pict., pea aerR t on ote species of the genus. Saul: Morton, F.E.S. . et aeienes ae LOO Rhinomacer attelaboides, F., at Ipswich.— Gann. orion B. B e. ... 160 Homalota (Dilacra) pruinosa, Kraatz, at Guildford.—@. C. Ghai: P. Za 8. 160 Coleoptera in the neighbourhood of Chesham, Bucks.—Z. Geo. Elliman... ... 160 Otiorrhynchus raucus, F., and other ae gaan in the Chatham District. Laid J. Walker, R.N., TAS ote Be gps es VOLE Kuphorus ornatus, Marshall, at Teybndees eas, 0. Bignell, F. E. 8... BEE ERESBDSCUR DOLE ED 162 Forficula auricularia in New Zealand.—W. W. Smith, IIS igaee ool OZ: Birds and Butterflies.—R. McLachlan, F.R.S., ec. ......... . 162 Albinic aberration of Amphisbatis incongruella, Stn.—H. R. Benes U. as F. B. 8. 162 Observations on the habits of Amphisbatis incongruella, Stn.—ZJd. ............:.. 162 REVIEWS.—Twelfth Report on the injurious and other insects of the State of New Mork); by JivA\. Lintner) PheDo) cei 5. -cvedser W eneints scene 163- The Insects of Alderney: by W. A. Luff . : .. 168 A Text Book of Entomology: by A. S. Packarel M. De Ph. D . 168 Opituary.—Osbert Salvin, M.A., F.R.S., Ge. 1... cceseccceeee cee eeeeeeeeeees soveceee LOM Joseph Albert Lintner, PIM DS ASE oagecen ogee calaticotants wrens LOD William Miles Maskell.. eee Sine nch wutichpsapsbeearsanme Oo M. J. Maurice analinnse.- : . 165 New Corsican Micro- ee peebiee (continued. ay Gites a | Walsingham, Ublosle THI Dos 1BGIRASS | sooe as ‘ ... 166 OCALITY LABELS, neatly printed, 2s. 9d. per thousand, post free (equal quantities of not more than four sorts to the thousand, each sort on a separate slip). Dr. D. Sharp says, “These labels are perfectly satisfactory.” J. H. KEYS, Printer, 7, Whimple Street, Plymouth. , Complete in one thick volume, royal 8vo0, with 59 plates engraved on copper from the author's drawings : A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE TRICHOPTERA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Rospert McLacu.an, F.R.S., F.L.S., &e. Price, £3 10s. First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s. London: Gurnry & Jackson, 1, Paternoster Row, H.C. Berlin: FRImpLANDER und Sonn, 11, Carlstrasse. OR SALE.—LARV: opima, 1/6; cespitis, 4/-; zonaria, 1/-; rubricosa, 1/-; vinula, 7d.; per dozen. Send for full list. “ENTOMOLOGIST,” 1, Lynton Terrace, New Brighton, Cheshire. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—Meetings for the Session 1898—9:— Wednesday, October 5th, November 2nd and 16th, December ‘th, 1898, and (Annual), January 18th, 1899. CHANGE OF ADDRESS. Rev. THEODORE WooD, from 23, Brodrick Road, to 157, Trinity Road, Upper Tooting, 8.W. Dr. T. A. CHApMaN, from Redhill, to Betula, Reigate. IMPORTANT NOTICE. From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864—1889) can be obtained only in complete Volumes, bound or unbound. A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five consecutive Vols. at £1 per set net (if bound, ls. per Vol. extra). Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols. i to ix can be had separately at 10s. each. The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20, and 21 of the First Series. Apply to the Publishers. May 29th, 1893. FOR SALE. — LARVA AND PUP of very many of the BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA; also fine and well-set specimens of Bririsk LEPIDOPTERA —— ACULEATE HymMeNoPpTrERA —— Saw FLies —— IcHNEUMONS —— COLEOPTERA DipreERA—— HEmipTERA—— NEUROPTERA. Preserved Pupe, Pupa Cases, and Cocoons of Lepidoptera, Sc. For Price Lists, which are separate, apply to— W. H. HARWOOD, Colchester. (oy) o WATKINS & BONCASTER, Haturalists, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zine Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz. ; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. : Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Egg Drills, 2d., 8d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vascu- Jum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. *,* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Hd. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S., F.H.8., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera. Exchange Lists, 13d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. & large stock of British, Buropean, and Exotic Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ Eggs. ISIN AGO IMO OE AoywILy JEeLIN SS. The “ DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c. ir ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LON DON. Birds and Mammals, &c., Preserved & Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to amy address on application - Second Series, No. 104. ] | (No. 411.] AUGUST, 1898. _ [Price 6d. 4,03 THE ENTOMOLOGIST 'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE. EDITED BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.8. W.W. FOWLER, M.A., F.LS. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. WLACHLAN, F.R.S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.BS., &. os SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIV.] “J’engage donc tous 4 éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la plus courtoise.”—Laboulbéne. ; SS LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mr. Van Voorst’s Successors), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, HK. H. MBHWK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W,, Supplies Zntomologists with ebery Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. Ail Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. nnn mann nnnnnnn PRDRDDDDA. Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/ Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6, Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, 1d. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 groas. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d.,9d.,1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc. Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ ; Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/,&6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottie, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Genzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 DD DD ADIAADRY A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. Enromooeicay Casinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. “NATURBE,’ a A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE Gd. * NaTURE” contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Reports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters of current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” £ s. d. e wees ms ouey a8) Go fale Yearly ... 5C0 a, ae 18s: 0 Yearly . 110 6 Half-Yearly ... Yes 014 6 Half-Yearly ee ee 015 6 Quarterly ... er vs O76 Quarterly ... we oe OL ORO: Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. ) [f CO NEEBN TS: PAGE New Corsican Micro-Lepidoptera (concluded).— Rt. Hon. Lord pe oes MCAS Lin De Babe Soe log Aeristotcla ser sey Z., an niitson i ane Bete Panna, (len Bimota): baie . 172 An Economic use for Waterbuse: —=(s We Ker kata ssh Mbps mans cccsetc catcesccieneace 173 Some remarks on the colour-varieties of the BBP ESS of Orsodacna occurring in Britain.—G. C. Champion, F.Z.S. ........ 5 LS On Orthoptera collected by the Rev. A. E. Haton in Chien: oi Mateclint Burts PA Seaincerste sec 5 ale Note on Goeze’s Beittase- Ry. om Ta Walanghane ILA. Sti Ds FR. ‘S., and J. Hartley Durrant, F.E S. Gea ea ssossenyasee LOU Butterflies seen in and around Fonsnlons ay) H. ‘Swinton, P. BE. Ss. WdiGex'escceate «LOL Note on Aspidiotus Greeuii.—Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, F.H.S. .... .cesscseeeeeees 184 Food-plants of Gelechia fraternella, Del.—H#. R. Bankes, M.A., F.E.S..:.......... 185 Food-plants of Dichrorampha sequana, Hb.—TId.. ee ... 185 Narcyia melanella, Hw.: a point of nomenelaiate: as CMehachiane P. R. 8... 186 Cynomyia alpina in Warwickshire.—R. C. Bradley ...... an .. 186 Ischnomera sanguinicollis at Leigh Woods, Bristol.—J. Hegotid Baileyn M. B. . 186 Oninuanye——Urnest: Candeze. MEDe. WH HSSe) 9.2, crandesseceueeccs sites cose seceere seer ce nO Societies.—Birmingham Entomological Society .........cscsecsseveeceseeesereneseeces LST South London Entomological, &c., Society .......c.....ceeeeseeeee eee. 188 Entomological Society of London.. feet re OAS eras So bie rae eel x “ASD: A Review, with some critical notes, of “The Pisropttoae of North feet C. H. Fernald, A.M., Ph.D.—Rt. Hon. Lord Walsingham, M.A., LL D., DE. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ- DRESDEN, in their new Price List, No. XLI, offer more than 15,000 species of all named LEPIDOPTERA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world, in finest condition ; 1300 kinds of PREPARED LARYV 4 ; numerous LIVING PUPA, &e. Separate Price Lists X and XVI for COLEOPTERA (19,000 species); List V for HYMENOPTERA (2530 species), DIPTERA (1500), HEMIPTERA (1700), ORTHOPTERA (650), NEUROPTERA (450). List XI for SHELLS (5000). PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS, Locality LABELS, neatly printed, 2s. 9d. per thousand, post free (equal quantities of not more than four sorts to the thousand, each sort on a separate slip). Dr. D. Sharp says, “ These labels are perfectly satisfactory.” J. H. KEYS, Printer, 7, Whimple Street, Plymouth. Complete in one thick volume, royal 8vo, with 59 plates engraved on copper from the author's drawings : A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE TRICHOPTERA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Rosert McLacuian, F.R.S., F.L.S., &e. Price, £3 10s. First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s. London: Gurney & Jackson, 1, Paternoster Row, H.C. Berlin: FrizDLANDER und Souy, 11, Carlstrasse. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—Meetings for the Session 1898—9:— Wednesday, October 5th, November 2nd and 16tk, December 7th, 1898, and (Annual), January 18th, 1899. MR. JOHN VAN VOORST, formerly of No. 1, Paternoster Row, passed away at his residence, Utrecht House, Queen’s Road, Clapham Park, on the evening of July 24th, in his 95th year. The regret with which the Editors make this announcement will be shared by many readers of this Magazine. IMPORTANT NOTICE. From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864—1889) can be obtained only in complete Volumes, bound or unbound. A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five consecutive Vols. at £1 per set net (if bound, 1s. per Vol. extra). Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols. i to ix can be had separately at 10s. each. / The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20, and 21 of the First Series. Apply to the Publishers. May 29th, 1893. Keep in stock all Articles for Hntomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zine Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz.; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Egg Drills, 2d., 8d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vaseu- lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. | *,* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Hd. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera. Exchange Lists, 13d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. & large stock of British, Buropean, and Exotic Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ Eggs. IN EOI @ 1 @ Ge Ze eine The “DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c. ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LONDON. Birds and Mammals, S/c., Preserved & Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to any address on application a / / EPaTGcE Ge Tee, VeaigaeR eeE TNE e pee [No. 412.) SEPTEMBER, 1898. [Price 6d. / i 00 oye 1 H E ENTOMOLOGISTS MONTHLY MAGAZINE, EDITED BY G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. WLACHLAN, F.R.S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.8. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.BS., &e. SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIV.] “‘J’engage donc tous 4 éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la plus courtoise.”—Laboulbéne. —. > —_—_ LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mz. Van Voors1’s SuccEssors), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S.. W.W. FOWLER, M.A., F.L.S. H. H. MBHK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W., Supplies Entomoalogists with chery Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. mane nRARDARD Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/ Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6. Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 - Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, 1d. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket. Box, 6¢.,9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/, & 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. ENTOMOLOGICAL Casinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stocik. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE Gd. ‘‘ NaTuRE”’ contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Reports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters of current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “‘NATURE.” ; gS Bb Whe (To all places Abroad). sa) Sede Yearly ... 000 350 oe 18s: 0 Yearly ... ne an wen 110 6 Healf-Yearly ... ate 014 6 Half-Yearly ... wu 015 6 Quarterly ... BS ae 076 Quarterly ... ie See 08s 0 Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. 4 CONTENTS. PAGE A Review, with some critical notes, of “‘The Pterophoride of North America : C. H. Fernald, A.M., Ph.D. (concluded). — Rt. Hon. Lord Walsingham, M.A., LL-D., F.R.S.. wee . 193 Gelechia obhfinin Stu.,a thors form of G. Paice ipaetace R. Bunkes. M. ais ; F.E.S. Sodocen ... 196 Diantheecia Intengo, var. - Barrett nad ipona Seno in 4 Cornwatle raed Ficklin .. Ms idatneete a A new ereies “of ‘Saeiseone fre om. 2 Pema. ie L Tegfier. agancosce Sob SEN eat ose 200 Spring Butterflies in Provence.—Rev. H. C. Lang, M.D., §c.. seppCndenoreaecome Oe Economy of Laverna vinolentella, H.-S.—C. G. Barrett, F.E. s. eyes . 204 Description of the larva of Aristotelia ses ail Stph.-—Rt. Hon. Lord a Walsing ham, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. g0c ic 3 . 205 Photographic Enlargements (Plate Y). 6, C. aoa, F. B. s. SN AEE . 205 Cryptohypnus meridionalis, Lap., an addition to the British List of Hlaterides. —P. B. Mason, M.R.C.S., F.L.S. . es Wot Cleotscaei eaters . 207 Coleoptera at Porlock.—Rev. Tendere ‘Wood, P. E. s. iad BRE ae renee DOM Lathridius filiformis, Gyll., at Upper Tooting.—TId... so co AUK! Coleoptera, &c., in the Blean Woods, Kent.—J. J. Walker, R. N,, Pr. L. 8. . 208 Re-occurrence of Pionosomus varius, Wolff, at Deal._—Id. ...... ; Mee aOS Metatropis rufescens, H.-S., &c., at Woking.—G@. C. pi ae F.Z. s. eee 209) Hemiptera in the Channel rena —Jas. Eardley Mason .........se0cceeee se teens 209 Gerris najas, De Geer, in the north.—Id. oe Sep bd codonoceneba act.) Correction respecting Ornix fagivora. ia. C. R. Deby, M. A . 210 Psithyrus rupestris, F., var. arenaria, Pz., at Brighton.—E. Bainderst P. ib. hee . 210 Crabro gonager, &c., af Putney.—Harold Swale, M.B. .......0605 cece recess 210 Andrena proxima at Osmington.—Id. ............ c . 210 Vespa austriaca, Panz., inquiline in the nest of Ween rata, L He seard Sane ders, F.L.S. . att 211 Rare Aculeate Emer procs pacer on ihe Kent Coast ane. sane —F. W. jis ‘Sladen 211 Sirices in Suffolk.—Claude Morley, F.E.S... Ear JA aaretneeren est ele Aculeate Hymenoptera at Littlehampton. _ FP. ‘Sdunders,. Fr L. ‘s) $Peee oA ateedcaaee | 213 OsituaRy.—John Van Voorst, F.L.S. Bd are aeeteeninc tess eel Ernest Charles Auguste Gandia M. D. F. E. S. Ae goccincet Cees euen ie Societies.—Birmingham Entomological Society .............:::00cee cease cree eee ZG South London Entomological, &c., Soceey Be eacide SOR teh ee LG DE. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ-DRESDEN, in their new Price List, No. XLI, offer more than 15,000 species of wells named LEPIDOPTERA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world, in finest eondition ; 1300 kinds of PREPARED LARVA; numerous LIVING PUPA, &e. Separate Price Lists X and XVI for COLEOPTERA (19,000 species) ;. List V for HYMENOPTERA (2530 species), DIPTERA (1500), HEMIPTERA (1700), ORTHOPTERA (650), NEUROPTERA (450). List XI for SHELLS (5000). PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS. OCALITY LABELS, neatly printed, 2s. 9d. per thousand, post free (equal quantities of aot more than four sorts to the thousand, each sort on a separate slip). Dr. D. Sharp says, “ These labels are perfectly satisfactory.” J. H. KEYS, Printer, 7, Whimple Street, Plymouth. Complete in one thick volume, royal 8vo, with 59 plates engraved on copper from the author's drawings : A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE TRICHOPTERA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Rosert McLacu.an, F.R.S., F.L.8., &. Price, £3 10s. First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s. London : GuRNEY & JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row, H.C. Berlin: FrigDLANDER und Soun, 11, Carlstrasse. EXCHANGE. 1 have a few specimens of Dytiscus lapponicus from Donegal, and Zygena exulans (slightly worn) from Braemar, which I shall be glad to exchange.—J. H. SoMERVILLE, Castellar, Crieff, Perthshire. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—Meetings for the Session 1898 —9:— Wednesday, October 5th, November 2nd and 16th, December 7th, 1898, and (Annual), January 18th, 1899. IMPORTANT NOTICE. From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864—1889) can be obtained only in complete Volumes, bound or unbound. A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five consecutive Vols. at £1 per set net (if bound, Is. per Vol. extra). Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols. i to ix can be had separately at 10s. each, The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20, and 21 of the First Series. Apply to the Publishers, May 29th, 1898. WATKINS & BONCASTER, Haturalisis, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 94., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zine Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz. ; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very _ useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in Jeather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1j- to 8/-. Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Egg Drills, 2d., 2d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vascu- lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. : *,* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Hd. Meyrick, ; ~—sOW&BA.., F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera. Exchange Lists, 13d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. A large stack of British, Ruropean, and Bxotic Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ Eggs, INSEE OM@i @ GG Aas eins The “DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c. GEFs ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LONDON. Birds and Mammals, ¥c., Preserved & Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to any address on application - 8 cond Series, No. 106. een TNO, 413, ] OCTOBER, 1898. FParcn 6d. 4,005 THE ENTOMOLOGISTS MONTHLY MAGAZINE. EDITED BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W.W. FOWLER, M.A., F.LS. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S8. R. WLACHLAN, F.RB.S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.RBS., &c. SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIV.] “J’engage donc tous 4 éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la plus courtoise.”—Laboulbéne. oe See ee Se LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mz. Van Voorst’s Succrssors), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, HH. H. MEBEHK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W,, Supplies Entomologists with eberp Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. Seva etal naan mA. Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2] Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6. Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, 1d. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d.,9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/,& 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cicth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottie, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. HNTOMOLOGICAL CaBinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. = = — A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE Gd. ‘© NaTuRE”’ contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Reports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters of current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” és & Uo 5 (To all places Abroad). 83 Ga Ge Yearly ... as a ac (8) 0 Yearly ... wee Bc vee» LONG Half-Yearly ... was 014 6 Half-Yearly ... iss 015 6 Quarterly ... cae see 076 Quarterly .... ar aay 08s @ Bioney Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. LI0 CONTENTS. PAGE The fourth International Congress of Zoology .. 217 Ploiaria Beerensprungi, Dohrn: an addition to the List of British Reduviides.— Gate: Champion, F.Z.S. . Been Peat = SER OSa ERT OER REE See eel Utr Coleoptera, &c., in the Isle of Wight. at eee 218 Coleoptera, &e., at Chippenham and Wicken Fens.—J. J. Walker, R. N, F.L.S. 220 Anchoments gracilipes, Duftsch., in Britain: an additional record.—Claude Morley, F.E.S., Sc. ..... Bue Aes R a year nae chaeol eed A new species of Terias from Haiti. —Percy ik, Lathy .. si sstieaiine seseenies steerer’ Neuroterus Schlechtendali bred.—G. C. Bignell, F.E. s.. 224 Note on the seeond edition of Curtis’ British Entomology. —Rt. Hon. ‘Lord Walsingham, M.A., LL.D., &c., and J. H. Durrant, F.E.S. 225 Aaschna borealis, Zett. (1840), = At. cerulea, Strom (1783), but not Aa. ae mata, Mill. (1764).—R. MeLachlan, F.R.S., Fc. .. ..... . 226 What is Libellula nea, Linné?: a Sey in nomenclature. as Séanadacencan 2243} Colias Edusa in 1898.—Hds.... ..... eo Acronycta alni at Gloucester.—Rev. Canon W. W. ‘Fowler, D. A, eT She .. 231 Singular habit in Brephos parthenias. —Alfred Picklin ...... . 231 Oecurrence of Lozopera Beatricella, Wlsm., in Kent.—C. G, ‘Barrett, FES. ... 231 Orthotzenia ericetana in Scotland.—Rev. C. T. Cruttwell, M.A... rit oe The List of Yorkshire Coleoptera.—W. L. Thompson ....... ppodocnene: AC Platystethus alutaceus, Thoms., at Chobham.—E£. Saunders, P. pigua. Se 232 Langelandia anophthalma, Aubé, &c., at Broadstairs.—Rev. Theodore Wood, FES. Peel esis coy Roce otsuaisealseinco) Mme aiach io acts b aps shosaioad sslgunanenoemeaioerncemacatse 233 Sparrows and Hive Bees. meer “Saunders, F.L. Sx panteeceac ate Doe: Mecostethus grossus in the New Forest.—J. J. PF. X. ‘King, PBS. coc: SBOE wo) Bittacus Hageni, Brauer, in Wallachia.—R. McLachlan, F.R.S., Se. ... . ...... 238 REVIEWs.—F urther Coccid Notes: (the late) W. M. Maskell . sdusagoandocon aH! Fauna Regni Hungaries; Hemiptera: Dr. G. Horvath — 2 Gesenstaels, HOA Insect Lives told by themselves: EH. Simpson .. Acid IMD MACAO Bce, 7-BIS) Insects: foes and friends: W. Hgmont Kirby, M. D. sENaes nomcenuaens We Soctety.—Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society ............ weve. 206 Stray Notes on some South African Lepidoptera.— C. G. Barrett, P. R. ss . 238 DE. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ-DRESDEN, in their new Price List, No. XLI, offer more than 15,000 species of well- named LEPIDOPTERA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world, in finest condition ; 1300 kinds of PREPARED LARV4 ; numerous LIVING PUPA, &e. Separate Price Lists X and XVI for COLEOPTERA (19,000 species); List V for HYMENOPTERA (2530 species), DIPTERA (1500), HEMIPTERA (1700), ORTHOPTERA (650), NEUROPTERA (450). List XI for SHELLS (5000). PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS. Locality LABELS, neatly printed, 2s. 9d. per thousand, post free (equa] quantities of not more than four sorts to the thousand, each sort on a separate slip). Dr. D. Sharp says, “ These labels are perfectly satisfactory.” J. H. KEYS, Printer, 7, Whimple Street, Plymouth. MONDAY, OCTOBER 17tu. A VALUABLE COLLECTION or EXOTIC LEPIDOPTERA & COLEOPTERA. ME. J.C. STEVENS will Sell by Auction, at his Great Rooms, 38, King Street, Covent Garden, on Tuxspay, OctoBER 17th, at half- “past 12 precisely, 2 Valuable Collection of Fine, Scarce, ‘Showy, Exotic Lepidoptera and Coleoptera, Cabinets, &c., &e. On view Saturday prior, 10 till 4, and Morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.—Meetings for the Session 1898—9:— Wednesday, October 5th, November 2nd and 16th, December ‘th, 1898, and (Annual), January 18th, 1899. CHANGE OF ADDRESS. Rev. W. Farren WuitsE, from Stonehouse, Glos., to 16, Churchfield Road, Haling, London, W. EXCHANGE. Duplicates : P. alpina,* exulans, caliginosa, craccze,* scolizforme,* chrysorrhea,* orbicularia,* piceana,* alternata,* depuncta, fascelina,* avellanella, conflua (Shet- land), flavicornis, spilodoctyla, resinana,* trepidaria, carbonaria, blandiata, suspecta, alpinalis, albulalis var. thules, dahlii, myricee,* adusta, gothicina, lobulata, ridens, eolquhounana, &c. Desiderata: very numerous, especially local forms and aberra- tions.—Prrcy M. Bricut, Cranleigh, Wimborne Road, Bournemouth. IMPORTANT NOTICE. From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864—1889) can be obtained only in complete Volumes, bound or unbound. A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five consecutive Vols. at £1 per set net (if bound, Is. per Vol. extra). Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols. i to ix can be had separately at 10s. each. The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20, and 21 of the First Series. Apply to the Publishers. May 29th, 1893. WATKINS & BONCASTER, Haturalists, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zinc Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz. ; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/-; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Egg Drills, 2d., 8d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vascu- lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. *,* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Eid. Meyrick, _ B.A., F.Z.S., F.H.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera. Exchange Lists, 13d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. A large stock of British, Buropean, and &xotic Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ Eggs. SIN A@Vi@ ae, @ Ghee Sy ENS The ‘“ DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c. = ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LONDON. Birds and Mammals, Sc., Preserved & Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to any address on application vy é) y/ yy SGM TOMI ne et ay Se No. 44. ] NOVEMBER, 1898. [Prin 6d. NOV 29 lege ; THE 140.05 ENTOMOLOGIST S MONTHLY MAGAZINE. EDITED BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.8S. W.W. FOWLER, M.A., F.L.S. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. WLACHLAN, F.R:S. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., &e. SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIV.] “J’engage donc tous & éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la plus courtoise.”—Laboulbéne. a LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mg. Van Voorst’s SUCCESSORS), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, H. H. MBEHEK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, 8S.W,, Supplies Zntomologists with eberp Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. All Oriters, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention. 9 Ree AnRADn DPI I ID I DAA Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/ Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6. Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, 1d. (Postage, 13d.) ; Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 [mproved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 . Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ 2 Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/,&6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. ENTOMOLoGICAL CaBINeETS, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE Gd. ““ NATURE” contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain ef Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Keports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters of current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” EB he 2s (To all places. Abroad). £5 OQ oh Yearly ... tes ee poe gud Ws. telnet) Yearly ... seuieurciles pee 110 6 Half-Yearly ... 2 014 6 Half-Yearly ... ... 015 6 @uarterlyane- eo ee Omn eG Quarterly .. . .«. OO 8 O Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. yg CONTENTS. PAGE Stray Notes on some Sonth African Lepidoptera (concluded).—C. G. Barrett, BARRIERS ae ee au nG: Noon = SRBAR EEE amen aca han Ere ocorescctearictccn 241 On a new species of the genus Aprozrema, Drnt. (= Pnaee PPE auct.) from England.—Hustace R. Bankes, M.A., F.H.S. ... 242 **Horn-feeding Larvze.”—Rt. Hon. Lord "Walsingham, ‘MM. ‘ae Gili iD FAR. igi, "with note by J. Hartley Durrant, F.E.S. . ..... . 244 Hyperetes guestfalicus, Kolbe, a genus and species “of ‘Apterous ‘Psocides new to Britain.—R. McLachlan, F.R.S., fc... . 247 On Neuroptera collected by Mr. Malcolm Burr in “Wallachia, ‘Bosnia, Hercego- vina, &c., in July and August, 1898.—Id. . me 248 Notes on a mesh of Bombusg hortorum, race snbterranens. ania Eannages. F.L.S. “ee : 250 Xylocoridea brevipennis, Reuter: a new genus “and species to the List of British Hemiptera.—Id. _. eevee 2OL Colias Edusa, &c., in the Isle of Sheppey. = i, - Walker, R. N, FL.S... ... 202 Colias Edusa near Guildford. —R. M. Prideauee.. ste Uechiaeee enon aoe Colias Edusa near Land’s End.—C. Bartlett .. G8 1oneho nouo=e CbeccbobuBh: eoacRobse. Lom Acronycia alni at Clifton.—Id. ... Siva eniawencesseapesin LOO - Xanthia ocellaris, Bkh., &., at Woking. A. A. Saunders .. Rieates moseseson eos Second Brood of ‘Lyceona alsus.—@. C. Griffiths, F.Z.8. . ... 253 Lyczena Lycidas in the Zermatt Valley.—Rev. F. E. Lowe, M. As FE. 8. . 263 Bombus Smithianus near Rye.—F. W. L. Staden.. Seieedepey COM Callicera zenea, F., in the New Forest.—F. C. AMlencs, FZ. ca n aieattie stagos-setel OD Mallota eristaloides, Lw., in the New Forest in 1898.—Id.. . 255 Coleopterous Notes for August. —Prof. T. Hudson peiihees B. Se., “F. R. 8. E., fe. . 255 Coleoptera near Bridgend. =p! Tomlin, F.E.S... 5008 ; .. 256 Nebria complanata, L., at Briton Ferry.—Id. ....... ea sheeeeee es rcieae: WO Coleoptera at Llanfairfechan, North Wales.—£. Geo. ‘Elliman eres 257 Notes on a small varietal form of sei seneus, De: % occurring i in the Isle of Wight.—G. C. Champion, F.Z.8... iB ARCErG ARES CRED eee Re Oe one aris) Emesa mantis, F.: synonymical note. SLES 1 Cael aa Senha s pom eT The Stainton Entomological Library.—Hds. ...... 2. .ccseecsceeeeeceeree sen eeecee ce vee 208 SOCIETIES.— Birmingham Entomological Society...............02.-0.eeeeeese ce cee eee ZOD South London Entomological, &c., Society. Sho cdnodoAnadonnacadEadoodend 259 Entomological Society of London.. Sap . 261 Notes on the a anes is pereyros ae c poe e Stn. —risiase Ez . Bankes, J M. A, F.E.S. ae ene ns 68 Saad Gao bas ontee . 263 DE. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ- DRESDEN, in their new Price List, No. XLI, offer more than 15,000 species of well: named LEPIDOPTERA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world, in finest condition ; 1300 kinds of PREPARED LARY4; numerous LIVING PUPAL, &e. Separate Price Lists X and XVI for COLEOPTERA (19,000 species) ; List V for HYMENOPTERA (2530 species), DIPTERA (1500), HEMIPTERA (1700), ORTHOPTERA (650), NEUROPTERA (450). List XI for SHELLS (5000). PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS. MONDAY, DECEMBER. 5tu. A portion of the well-known Collection of Macro- and Micro-Lepidoptera tormed by R. SOUTH, Esq., F.E.S.; also other small Collections of British Insects, Books, Cabinets, &c. ME. J. C. STEVENS will Sell the above by Auction at his Great Rooms, 38, King Street, Covent Garden, on Monpay, DrecemMBer 5th, at half-past 12 precisely. On view the Saturday prior, 10 till 4, and Morning of Sale, and Catalogues had. Locality LABELS, neatly printed, 2s. 9d. per thousand, post free (equal quantities of not more than four sorts to the thousand, each sort on a separate slip). Dr. D. Sharp says, “ These labels are perfectly satisfactory.” J. H. KEYS, Printer, 7, Whimple Street, Plymouth. CHANGE OF ADDRESS. BIRMINGHAM ENTOMOLOGIcAL SocteTy to Norwich Union Chambers, Congreve Street, Birmingham. QGOUTH LONDON ENTOMOLOGICAL & NATURAL HISTORY , SOCIETY.—Merertines: November 10th—Exhibition of Varieties. November 24th—British Shells; Lecture and Lantern. December 8th—Dragonflies ; Lecture and Lantern. IMPORTANT NOTICE. From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864—1889) can be obtained only in complete Volumes, bound or unbound. A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five consecutive Vols. at £1 per set net (if bound, 1s. per Vol. extra). Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols. i to ix can be had separately at1l0s. each. The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20, and 21 of the First Series. Apply to the Publishers. May 29th, 1893. WATRINS & DONCASTER, Hatumlisis, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zine Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houser, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz. ; Zine Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. Taxidermists’ Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6. Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair; Brass Blow- pipe, 4d., 6d.; Egg Drills, 2d., 8d.; ditto, best quality, 1/- each; Botanical Vascu- lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6, 7/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/- ; or on one side for Labels, 2/-. *,* Now ready—The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Hd. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera. Exchange Lists, 14d. each, 8d. per dozen, or 4/- per 100; Label Lists, 1/6 each. A large stock of British, Buropean, and &xotic Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Birds’ Eggs. EN SE @ M@ i @©GI@ ALE, aN S- The ‘ DIXON” LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps without climbing the lamp posts), 2s. 6d. SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &Xc. Gs ONLY ADDRESS— ; 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LONDON. : Birds and Mammals, §c., Preserved ¥ Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to any address on application —— Second Series, No. 108. [No. 445.) J DECEMBER, 1898. [Price 6d. DEC 20 198 «= THE | ENTOMOLOGISTS | $7005 MONTHLY MAGAZINE. EDITED BY C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W.W. FOWLER, M.A., F.LS. G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. WLACHLAN, F.BS. J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.8. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.BS., &c. —__—— SECOND SERIES—VOL. IX. [VOL. XXXIV.] “J’engage donc tous 4 éviter dans leurs écrits toute personnalité, toute allusion dépassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincére et la plus courtoise.” —Laboulbéene. ee LONDON: GURNEY & JACKSON (Mz. Van Voorst’s Successors), 1, PATERNOSTER ROW. SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN. NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, BH. H. MERK, Naturalist, 56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W., Supplies Entomalogists with eberp Requisite OF THE BEST MAKE. ~ NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP. All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will-receive immediate attention. ~~, ~ Stee! Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6 Ladies’ Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/ Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18,for Beating, &c., 6/ Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/ Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6, Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle) Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, 10d, 11d, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6 Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz., Exchange Lists, 1d. (Postage, 14d.) Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross. Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6 Pocket Box, 6d.,9d.,1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d. The Entomologist’s Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3 Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6 Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/ Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/,&6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth, Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d.; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets. Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/ The New Glass Killing Bottie, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6 The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6 A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK. DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS. Priced Catalogue on receipt of Stamp. ENTOMOLOGICAL CABINETS, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS CABINETS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION MADE TO ORDER. ESTIMATES GIVEN. “NATURE,” A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE Gd. ‘‘ NaturE” contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of , Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also” contains Reviews of all recent scientific works; Correspondence Columns, which — form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of Science; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials; Abstracts of the more valuable papers which appear in foreign journals; Reports of the Proceedings of the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World; and Notes on all matters of current scientific interest. SUBSCRIPTIONS TO “NATURE.” £s.d. (To all places Abroad). £ os. d. Yearly ... 60 ai on 18s: 0 Yearly ... ie oe a 10 6 Healf-Yearly ... 2 014 6 Half-Yearly ... aa 015 6 Quarterly ... se se 076 Quarterly 08s 0 Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILLAN and CO., Ltd. Office: St. Martin’s Street, London, W.C. wy CONTENTS. PAGE Ephemeride taken by Mr. McLachlan in the district of the Lac de Joux oe Jura) in 1898.—Rev. A. H. Eaton, M.A., F.E.S.. : 265 Homalota (Rhopolocera) clavigera, Scriba: an Dadition is ihe eet ‘of Been Staphylinidw.—G. C. Champion, F.Z.8. setae . 266 Quedius ete ia Muls.: an additional British record: Canis Morten: LOOSE epson Cia haeh ttc Ac ogo cos SEER Seon bor a tociaananter menoson ob Tupeo sac eurnesane cdg Cor 267 Additions, Bots 4s the List of British piers during 1898.—G. C. eT ee IOS, ee eesoyesees . 269 Lepidoptera at Siecirie. light a eave Bs Hugi Tones. F. E. Si FR G270 On two species of Calopterygine from the Island of Lombock, Hah parcel notes. —R. McLachlan, F.RS., Sc.... .. Manga Shai scer cree Observations on Dryophanta disticha.—@. C. Bera B. B. ce a . 275 A new British Dipteron: Ceroplatus sesioides, Wahlb. ?—F. C. Adam, I B. Z. s. 276 Description of the larva of Caradrina ambigua.—G. T. Porritt, F.L.8. . YAS A third brood of Pieris brassicze.—James J. Walker, R.N., mgs Dae seen Ue: Late appearance of Pyrameis cardui.—R. M. Prideaua ........ seinen She Sphinx convolvuli, &c., in North Devon.—G. B. Longstaff, M. D., Wi 0.0 aan ile Bucculatrix Demaryella, Stn., feeding on hazel.—H. R. Bankes, M.A., P. B. 8... . 279 Anchomenns gracilipes : Gomrction.. Glande ilar Hei, TOLIDUS | 386 ap 2 Baooopenene 0) Xylophilus brevicornis, Perris, at Heathfield, Sussex.— W. A. Beevor ............ 279 Harpalus discoideus, Fab., at Oxford.—W. Holland _....... oe 2 Trachys pumila, Ill., and aeher beetles in Kent.—A. J. Crit i. ie FP. BE. s. no BOE Crabro gonager, Tene in Kensington.—Id. ............ Tole) ho etiee sd oma oh 280 Hystrichopsylla talpze, Grav., ab Dodington, ene ay Read cere ce ae aena kn ROO) Oxfordshire Diptera in 1898. <6. C. Hughes .. 300085 dd Had DOOBSONEO Ee enRecrodeIsoE c-1shU) EAS eis eget NGM Ses PENN EDRs Ce mcrae Misco is ods acts thous dus sists cige oie ayes opiassosiaiesines sigan sais mick BONY ‘ NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS. Vol. IX, Second Series (1898), ends with the present Number. Sub- scriptions, 6/- (POST-FREE) for 1899 are now due. Post Office or Postal Orders may be seut to the Editors, 1, Paternoster Row, London, E.C., or to either of them personally at his residence. The Subscription for all foreign countries is now the same as that for the United Kingdom. Intending new Subscribers should send in their names and addresses as soon as possible, Any one wishing to discontinue his Subscription must give notice to that effect on or before the 20th inst., otherwise he will be considered liable for the ensuing Volume. NOW READY, THE ENTOMOLOGIST’S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. 1X, New Series (Vol. XXXIV), strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-. Covers for binding, 1/- each. E London: GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. E.C. Fok SALE.—Milliére’s Iconographie des Lépidoptéres et chenilles inédits d’Hurope. 3 vols., well bound; guaranteed complete, with coloured plates and text. A Collection of the Neuroptera of Europe and the neighbouring regions, formed by M. A. de Bormans. A Collection of Bombi of Europe and the neighbouring regions, formed by M. A. de Bormans. For further particulars Apply to MALCOLM BURR, Bellagio, East Grinstead. CHANGE OF ADDRESS. G. C. BicngxL, from Stonehouse, Devon, to The Ferns, Homepark Road, Saltash. a EXCHANGE. I have Stenolophus teutonus and Chrysomela distinguenda to exchange for other species of Coleoptera.—W. Ho.zanp, 69, Observatory Street, Oxford. Duplicates: Harpalus sabulicola, Pterostichus oblongopunctatus, Bembidium saxatile, B. pallidipenne, B. ephippium, Bledius arenarius, B. spectabilis, Gymnusa brevicollis, Poederus fuscipes, P. riparius, Limnichus, Dolichosoma nobile, Tychius lineatulus, Sibynes potentillze, Polydrosus confluens, Apthona lutescens, Chrysomela lamina, &c. Desiderata: very numerous.—A. Forp, Rosemount, Hannington Road, Boscombe, Hants. IMPORTANT NOTICE. From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864—1889) can be obtained only in complete Volumes, bound or unbound. A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five consecutive Vols. at £1 per set net (if bound, 1s. per Vol. extra). Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols. i to ix can be had separately at 10s. each. The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20, and 21 of the First Series. Apply to the Publishers. May 29th, 1898. WATKINS & BONCASTER, Haturalists, Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c.: Umbrella Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 2/6; Pocket Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zinc Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 6d. to 1/10; Complete set of 14 boards, 10/6; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar- ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/4 per doz.; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ; Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c.), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/-. Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in Jeather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-. 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SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c. tr ONLY ADDRESS— 36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross, LONDON. Birds and Mammals, §c., Preserved & Mounted by first-class workmen. Our New Price List (66 pp.) sent post free to any address on application ‘ ~ = * se] ; , 5 : BY = , ; f : ; Neo: 4 ~ g pee P ‘ x 3 i ‘pou 106 258 478 ert