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Dilwyn, p. 580. no. 188. Mart. 3. tab. 72. fig. 772,3. Enc. Met. 389. fig. 1. Knorr, 5. tab. 8. fig. 1. Kiener, Volute, pl. 15. Wood’s Cat. pl. 21. fig. 185. Young. V. Preputium, Gmel. 3468. no. 124. Lister, 798, fig. 5. Chem. 10. tab. 148. fig. 1391, 2. Of this beautiful though common shell, not a tolerable coloured figure has yet been published: its usual colour is a clear orange-tinted yellow, marked by rich chesnut spots disposed in two or three transverse bands : in form it is oval-ventricose, but subject to much variation; the spire is smooth and nearly concealed, and the pillar four plaited. A character sometimes exists in this shell which in others is not observable, of three or four remote slender indented striz across the body-whorl. The young shells of this and all the Melons have the spire of the same size as in the full grown shell, when it becomes nearly covered by the body-whorl. Linnzus, not being aware of this, has in several instances described them as distinct species. No doubt can exist that his V. Praputium is no other than the young of this shell, which is a native of the Indian seas. Size six inches. * V. CYMBIUM. NEPTUNE’S CAR. Plate XXXIV. Testa subovata albo rufoque marmorata ; spira carinata, canaliculata, apice subglandiformi conspicuo: columella triplicata. V. Cymbium, Lin. Gmel. 3466. no. 114. Lam. Anx. sans V. p- 332. no. 9. Dilwyn, p-576.no.181. Lister, 796.f.3. Gualt,29B. Seba, 3. tab. 65. fig. 8,9. Mart. 3. tab. 70. fig. 763. Enc. Met. 386. fig. 3. Wood, Volute, 178. Brod. Mon. Cymba, no. 9. Kiener, Volutee, pl. 13. Blain, Mal. pl. 29. fig. 2. Sow. Gen. * This excellent description I have extracted (together with those of Porcina, Olla and Rubiginosa) frem Broderip’s Monograph of the genus Cympa, a work far beyond the meed of praise of mine. 14 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. Shell angularly ovate, marbled with white and brownish red, covered with a thin brown epidermis, which is coated for about one-third of the shell with an enamel-like glaze, which takes its commencement near the pillar. The spire is deeply carinated and channelled, exposing the subglandiform apex, and forming, with the subreflected sharp upper border of the body-whorl, a wide spiral excava- tion. ‘The upper edge of the outer lip recedes from the spire. The pillar, which is very much curved, has three plaits, and is bordered on the basal half with a rich chesnut longitudinal band. Length five inches. Inhabits the African ocean. V. OLLA. THE MELON. Plate XXVI. Testa ovata, ventricosa, pallidé luteo-fulva ; spira brevi, canaliculaté, apice subconico exserto: columella biplicaté . . . PV. Olla, Gmel. 3466. no.115. Lam. Ann. du Mus. pl. 60. no. 9. and Anx. sans V. 7. p. 353. no. 10. Dilwyn, pl. 578. no. 183. Gualt. 29. a. Mart. 3. tab. 72. fig. 772, 3. Lister, 794. fig. 1. Enc. Met. 385. fig. 2. Wood’s Cat. Volutz, no. 180. Brop. Cympa, fig. 1. Fay. 28. c. 2. Keiner, Volute, pl. 14. Crouch’s Lamare, 19. fig. 9. This species which though common is rarely met with in perfection, is ovate- ventricose, pale fulvous, covered with a thin pale brown epidermis, which is coated with an enamel-like glaze, from near the pillar to about two-thirds of the shell. The subconical apex is exposed, as well as the spire, which last, together with the upper part of the body-whorl, is rounded and deeply channelled. Size four inches. Habitat : the Mediteranean. V. RUBIGINOSA. BURNT-MOUTHED MELON. Plate XXVIII. Testa elongata, subcylindrica, pallida ; anfractis basalis limbo, apicem supereminente : columella triplicata, fauce rubiginosi. In eetate provectis test tegmine vitreo pe- ; nitus adoperta ; in junioribus apex subconicus, exsertus. Brod. Mon. Cymba, fig. 7. Wood’s Cat. Sup. Voluta, fig. 23. Shell elongated, irregularly cylindrical, pale, (except on and near the pillar and in the aperture, where it is of a rich rusty brown,) covered with a pale brown epidermis, which is entirely coated in old individuals with a brown enamel-like glaze.. The apex of the spire is almost obliterated, and the border of the spire EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. 15 and the body-whorl, which is not very sharp, is produced somewhat beyond it, exposing a rounded excavated area, deeper but much more contracted than that of Porcina. Pillar with three plaits. Size four inches. Habitat ? In younger individuals the subconical apex, together with the spire, is exposed ; and the upper edge of the border of the body-whorl, which is sharper than it is in old specimens, does not project beyond them: neither does the enamel-like glaze, which in this stage of growth is thin and silvery, cover more than two-thirds of the shell. V. PORCINA. KEEL-MARGINED MELON. Plate XXV. Testa subcylindrica, pallidé fusca : anfractis basalis limbo apicem subobsoletum yix supe- eminente, patulo tantum non plano, subcarinato: columella biplicata. Apex in Junioribus exsertus. V. Porcina, Lam. Anx. sans V. 7. p. 334. no. 12. Dilwyn, p. 577. no. 182. Adanson, 3, fig. 2. Seba, 3. tab. 65, fig. 5, 6. tab. 66. fig. 5. Mart. 3. tab. 70. fig. 764. Enc. Met. 386. 2. Wood’s Cat. Volute, no. 179. Brop.Cympsa, fig. 6. Kiener, Volutz, pl. 12. Sow. Conc. Man. fig. 434. Shell subcylindrical, whiteish, covered with a thin ash-coloured epidermis, which is coated by a silvery enamel-like pellicle extending over about two-thirds of the shell. The apex is more visible than in V. Proboscidalis, but the spire is en- tirely concealed, the upper border of the body-whorl is less reflected than in that shell and the area though very open is less excavated ; its size also is very inferior. In fine specimens the aperture is of a rich brown. Pillar with two plaits. Senegal. Length five inches and a half. MURICIFORM TYPE. V. MARMORATA. MARBLED VOLUTE. Plate I. Testa ovato-oblong4, subventricosaé, coronataé: carneold, lineis fulvis longitudinalibus angulato-flexuosis ornata: spira brevi, spinis brevibus muricata, apice autem conico, levi: columella 4 plicata. Kiener, Volutz, pl. 26. Wood’s Cat. Sup. Volute, fig. 20. Shell ovate-oblong, subventricose with a short and conical spire, composed of eight subcarinated whorls roughened near their base by a range of short but sharp- pointed tubercles. The body-whorl which is attenuated towards its lower extremity 16 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. is crowned with a series of nine or ten muricated tubercles, becoming obsolete towards the thin and acute outer lip which is detached from the spire, (whose apex is smooth and unarmed,) by a deep sinus. The mouth is elongated and tolerably large, the pillar rounded, oblique, and furnished with four large and equidistant plaits. The colour of this excessively rare species, which appears to have been unknown even to the indefatigable Lamare, is pale pinkish fulvous, and graceful lines of a rich brown traverse it lengthways in angular and distant waves. The length is four inches and a half, the breadth two inches and a quarter. From whence it came is unknown to me, but a fine specimen is preserved in the valuable collection of Mr. Lincoln. V. CHRYSOSTOMA. GOLDEN-MOUTHED VOLUTE. Plate XLY. Testa turbinata, tuberculis brevibus fornicatis acutis coronata : alba lineis angulato-flexu- osis, maculisque angularibus continuis rufo-fuscis longitudinaliter fasciata: spira muricata: labro intus aureo: columella 4 plicata. Voluta Luteostoma, Chem. 11. tab. 177. fig. 1707, 8. Shell turbinate, oval, white, with angularly flexuous reticulated lines, and rich red brown wavy and angular masses longitudinally arranged upon the body- whorl, whose summit is crowned with short, vaulted and acute tubercles, which extend up the first few succeeding whorls of the spire; the apex however is smooth and mammillary; the pillar is pale yellow, and furnished with four strong but not oblique plaits, and the aperture is brilliant gold colour. At first sight this species might be taken for a variety of Vespertilio, from which it may be distin- guished by difference of colouring and marking, the smallness and nearness of its vaulted spines, the comparative shortness of its body-whorl, and the lovely hue of the aperture. Two inches. STROMBIFORM TYPE. V. SCAPHA. THE HEAVY BOAT MELON. Plates XIII. and XLVIII. Testa crassé ponderosa, turbinato-ventricosa ; albida, lineis longitudinalibus angulato- flexuosis rufis vel spadiceis undaté: ultimo anfractu anterius obtusé angulato ; labio exteriore subalato : spira brevi crassa: apertura alba: columella 4 plicata. Voluta Scapha, Gmel. Lin. 3468. Lam. Anx. sans V. 7. p. 334. no. 13. Dilwyn, p. 573. no. 175. Lister, 799. fig. 6. Mart. 3. tab. 72. fig. 774. and tab. 73. fig. 775, 6. Enc. Met. 391. Seba, 64, fig. 5, 6. Gualt, 28. s. (bad). Wood, Volute, fig. 172. Kiener, Volutz, pl. 16, 17, 18. Chem. 13. fig. 3030. EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. J ly Shell ponderous, unarmed, smooth and ventricose; the spire short, thick, conical, mammillary and composed of five or six whorls, of which the last is very Jarge, subcarinated above and conoidiform. The mouth is elongated oblong, toler- ably large, and of a milky white but sometimes tinged with brown. Where the outer lip, which is slightly reflected, prominent and angulated above, is attached to the body-whorl, a sinus presents itself, under which we see a canal corresponding to the subcarinated ridge of the exterior, which in full grown individuals is slightly dilated. The pillar is rounded, almost straight, usually covered with an enamel-like glaze, and furnished with four plaits. The colouring is variable, but in the majority of specimens, numerous wavy angulated reddish brown lines, crossed on the body-whorl by two or three bands of large irregularly shaped spots of ferruginous brown, relieve the darker or lighter fulvous which forms the ground of the shell. The apex is of a pale maroon, the length three inches and a half and the habitat, the Cape of Good Hope and the shores of India and Java. ANCILLIFORM TYPE. V. ANGULATA. ANGULATED MUSIC. Plate X¥¥WV. 3 y “+ Testa elongata, inermi, epidermide vitrea tect&: pallidé fulva, lineis, irregularibus, spa- diceis, longitudinaliter undata: anfractu basali superné angulato, supra plano: spira brevi attenuata, levi, apice acuto: apertura effus’, aurantii colore tincta : columella triplicata. V. Nasiea, Chem. 13. tab. 217. fig. 3031, 2. Kiener’s Volutz, pl. 38. Wood’s Cat. sup. Volute, fig. 21. Fusiform oval, unarmed, covered with a glazed epidermis, smooth and polished, pale fulvous adorned with longitudinal linear markings of a pale violet brown. The spire which is composed of six or seven volutions is conical and very acute; the body-whorl, attenuated towards the base, strongly angulated (except when immature) and flattened above. The aperture is effuse, of an orange yellow and elongated oval, and the outer lip acute and separated from the pillar by a wide and deep sinus, whose lower part is furnished with three plaits. Length six inches, breadth two inches and a half. ‘The Southern Pacific ocean.* * An absurd notion is entertained by the French naturalists respecting the locality of this shell; several of them assigning it to the more northerly part of the Atlantic ocean. 18 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. Grenus—CYMBIOLA. Spire more produced, but not more than half as long as the aperture ; the terminal whorls regular and sculptured; plaits on the pillar, four. C. NIVOSA. SNOW-SPOTTED VOLUTE. Plate V. Testa ovata, aut mutica aut brevibus et acutis tuberculis armata ; lividé helvina, maculis niveis aspersa ; fasciis duabus fusco-lineatis, lineolis interruptis, longitudinalibus, serieque tertia lmearum continuarum a suturis radiantium: columella quadri- plicata. Voluta Nivosa, Lam. Aux. sans V. 7. p. 337. no. 19. Ann. du Mus. 5. p. 58. tab. 13. fig. 2. a.B. et 17. p 64. no. 18. et 5. pl. 12. fig. 3. Wood’s Cat. Volute, no. 177. (not good). Dilwyn, p. 573. no. 174. Chemnitz, 13. tab. 216. fig. 3025, 6. Shaw, Nat. Misc. 21. tab. 912. Kiener’s Volute, pl. 34. Blain Mal. pl. 29. fig. 1. Shell ovate, either nearly devoid of tubercles or crowned with short spinous tuberculations and angulated: livid flesh-colour, speckled with snowy spots, and adorned by two bands of interrupted longitudinal brown lines, and a series of un- broken ones radiating from the sutures; mouth of adeep yellowish buff colour; pillar with four plaits. Length two inches and three-quarters. Habitat: New Holland. Lamare appears the first writer who has described this once rare and elegant shell, whose general form approaches very near to the Bat Volute, particularly in the tuberculated termination, and in being either nearly smooth, or armed with short angular and obtuse spines. The mouth however is more effuse, and the pecu- liarity of colouring is constant. C. PACIFICA. MUSIC SHELL OF THE PACIFIC. Plates XIV. and XLIII. Testa ovato-fusiformi, anfractibus anterius tuberculatis vel nodosis; pallidé fulva vel carnea ; venulis spadiceis, angulatis, fasciisque tribus fusco-maculatis ornata : columella quinqueplicata. V. Pacifica, Chemnitz, 11. tab. 178. fig. 1713, 4. Lam. Ann. du Mus. 70. no. 33. V. Arabica, Gmelin, 3461. no. 144. Martyn, 2. pl. 52. Kiener, Volute, pl. 37. Wood’s Cat. Voluta, no. 153. Lam. Anx. sans V. 7. Voluta, no. 35. p. 544. Dilwyn, p. 565. Voluta, no. 156. Shell ovately fusiform, volutions nodulous or tuberculated above ; pale fulvous or flesh-coloured, with deep chesnut angular veins, and three bands of irregular EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. 19 markings ; pillar with five plaits. Length three inches and a quarter. Habitat : New Zealand. Until lately this shell has been considered one of the most rare and valuable shells of the genus. A few specimens have however been recently brought to England by the South Sea vessels, principally, as I learn, from the Bay of Islands, and have found their way into the London Collections ; it is, nevertheless, a shell very rarely seen. ‘Two striking varieties appear to exist; one of which is nearly smooth, or with only small tubercles ; the other has large three-sided nodules on the two lower volutions, and the terminal ones plaited. This variety is figured from Mr. Dubois’s cabinet ; it has the apex imperfect, but the aperture filled up by the animal—a circumstance that occurs in two others in that gentleman’s collection, one of which is near half as large again. ‘The smooth variety is in the possession of C. Maud, Esq. and is remarkable for its perfection. It is often tinged with a bright reddish colour, similar to V. Olla, but which is external, and not the real colouring matter of the shell. Gmelin erroneously describes the number of plaits as four instead of five. The mouth at the base is effuse, and the margin slightly reflected, C. TUBERCULATA. TUBERCULATED MUSIC. Plate XXIX. Testa ventricosa, anfractibus transversim sublevatis, tuberculatis : pallidé fulva, venulis remotis, angulatis, spadiceis, undulata: spiré brevi, attenuata; apertura effusa : columella quinqueplicata. ‘oluta Subnodosa, ? Leach, Zool. Misc. 1. tab. 8. fig. 24. Wood’s Cat. Sup. Voluta, no. 22. Kiener, Volutze, pl. 31. Shell ventricose, whorls with an elevated transverse row of tubercles ; pale fulvous, undulated by distant lines of an orange chesnut colour. Length three inches and a half. This is a new and undescribed Music ; unless indeed the V. Subnodosa of Dr. Leach is intended for this species, which it is impossible to ascertain, from the brevity of the description, and insufficiency of the figure, neither of which expresses the number of plaits, or the form of the mouth, &c. The only specimen of the shell I have seen was purchased in Paris, and is now in my possession. Towards the top of the body-whorl there is a slightly carinated elevation, broken into small nodulous tubercles, which are continued on the three following volutions of the spire; the two next whorls, which form the tip, are smooth, polished, and white. The suture is prominent, the aperture effuse, and the pillar has five thick obtuse 20 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. plaits, of which the three middle are the largest. The angulated markings on the back are orange brown, and not disposed in bands. I am unacquainted with its locality, which may probably be the Pacific ocean. C. LUGUBRIS. MOURNING CYMBIOLA. * Plate XL. Testa ovato-oblongé, abbreviato pyriformi, levi, albido flavescente, strigis, angustis, in- terruptis, ferrugineis, longitudinaliter undata, nonnunquam cinereo-violascente fasciata: spira brevi: columella quadriplicata. Voluta Flavicans, Gmel. p- 3464. no. 105. Dilwyn, p. 570. no. 168. Voluta Volvacea, Lam. Aun. du Mus. 17. p- 72. Lam. Anx. sans V. 7. p. 346. no. 41. Mart. 3. tab. 95. fig. 922, 3. Seba, 3. tab. 67. fig. A. B. Wood’s Cat. 21. fig. 165. This species, less remarkable for it beauty than its rarity and singularity, is smooth, solid and ovate-oblong, very ventricose and turgid at the upper part of the body-whorl, but with a spire so short, and a base so attenuated, as to become almost pear-shaped. ‘The outer lip is arcuated, the mouth white and the pillar furnished with four strong and slightly oblique plaits. The colour is yellowish white, adorned with flexuous and narrow streaks of a rust colour which are longitudinal and inter- rupted, and sometimes marked with pale ashy-violet zones. Length two inches and a half. Locality ? Obs. In the figures we have quoted the shell appears not lineated but spotted. The series of specimens in the British Museum, however, establishes their identity. C. GRACILIS. SLENDER CYMBIOLA. Plate XLII. Testa fusiformi, levi, pallidé fulva, lineis spadiceis, angulato-flexuosis tantum non reti- culata ; ultimo anfructu mutico, spira tuberculato-plicata : columella quadri- plicata. This graceful shell is but a variety of Pacifica and not a distinct species. It is fusiform, smooth with the spire roughened by blunt tubercular plaits, from which the body-whorl is free. The colour is that of pale burnt Sienna (a hue peculiarly common to the Volutide) prettily variegated by numerous longitudinally waved chesnut lines, so close as almost to form a network over the entire surface : the outer lip is acute, the aperture whiteish and slightly empurpled, and the pillar furnished EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. Q{ with four plaits. Habitat, the Pacific. Length two inches. Kiener considers it a variety of Magellanica. Grenus—HARPULA. Spire developed as in the last, but the tip is generally more slender, and the plaits are numerous, H. HARPA. THE HARP VOLUTE. Plate XLI. Testa ovato-oblonga, basi transversim sulcata, albo-luteold, lineis et maculis interruptis aurantiacis transversim fasciata ; anfractibus subplanis angustis ; costis longitu- dinalibus, distantibus, superne mucronatis; columella plicis tribus majoribus, ceteris minimis distincta. Foluta Mitreformis, Lam. Anx. sans V. 7. p. 347. no. 43. Foluta Anna, Lesson, Il. de Zool. pl. 44. Kiener’s Volutee, p. 34. pl. 40. fig. 1. Shell oval, with the spire tolerably long, pointed and terminated at the summit by asmall smooth and mammillary apex. The volutions which are in number seven, and but slightly rounded, abruptly terminate and form an angle with the suture, and are traversed longitudinally by ten or twelve mucronated ribs. The outer lip is smooth and simple and the body-whorl but slightly longer than the spire, and attenuated and furrowed at the base, and the pillar is arcuated and furnished with three distinct plaits, above which are numerous grooves, but so indistinct that in some specimens they are almost obsolete. The colour of this rare and beautiful shell is whiteish, with the ribs elegantly marked, so as to form interrupted zones of horizontal lines and square spots of orange, pink, or fulvous. It comes to us from Japan, and is in length two inches. Genus—SCAPHELLA. Shell smooth, almost polished; outer lip thickened internally : suture enamelled ; lower plaits the smallest : apex of the spire various. S. UNDULATA. WAVE-MARKED VOLUTE. Plate XXVII. Testa ovato-fusiformi, levigata, albido-flavescente, maculis fulvis aut violaceis nonnum- quam nebulata: lineis spadiceis, longitudinalibus, crebris, undatim flexuosis : columellee plicis preecipuis quaternis, interdum duabus minoribus adjunctis. Voluta Undulata, Ann. du Mus. 5. p. 157. pl. 12. fig. 1. et 17. p. 71. no.36. Lam. Anx. sans V. 7. p. 345. no. 38. Chemnitz, 13. tab. 216. fig. 3027, 8. Shaw’s Nat. Mise. 17. tab. 702. Crouch’s Lamare, 19. fig. 22. Wood’s Cat. Voluta, no. 166. Kiener, Volute, pl. 44. fig. 1. Dilwyn, Voluta, no. 169. p. 571. QQ EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. Shell ovate fusiform, smooth, yellowish white, not unfrequently clouded with fulvous or violet-coloured spots ; and adorned with numerous waved chesnut longi- tudinal linear markings: mouth salmon-coloured : pillar with four principal plaits, and at times with one or two smaller ones. Size three inches, though some speci- mens, which become paler by age, attain the larger proportions of four inches. Habitat: New Holland. S. JUNONIA. PEACOCK’S TAIL. Plate XXXIII. Testa ovato-fusiformi, leevi, albo-flavescente sub epidermidé olivacea, maculis rubris sub- quadratis seriatim tessellata : spira brevi, conicA, mammillari sub apice cancellata ; columella quadriplicata. Voluta Junonia, Lam. Anx. sans V. 7. p. 345. no. 37. Dilwyn, p. 572. no. 173. Chem. 11. pl. 177. fig. 1703, 4. Fav. 97. a. Kiener’s Volute, 45. fig. 1. Wood’s Cat. pl. 21. fig. 170. The ground colour of this most rare and beautiful shell is yellowish-white, diversified by numerous rows of somewhat square-shaped spots of a reddish brown, and covered, when fresh, by an olive epidermis. It is smooth and polished, in shape elongated oval, with the body-whorl more than twice the length of its short conical and mammillary spire, and striated transversely at its attenuated base. The pillar is furnished with four plaits which are nearly equal in size, the length is four inches and a half, and the habitat the Gulf of Mexico. S. ZEBRA. ZEBRA VOLUTA. Plate XLIV. Testa ovato-oblonga, crassa, levi, albida, strigis luteo-rufis, longitudinalibus, angustis, crebris, radiatim picta ; spira brevi, conica, obtusd; columella quadriplicata. Marginella Radiata, Lam. Anx. sans V. 7. pl. 356. no. 2. Voluta Zebra, Dilwyn, p. 571. no. 167. Leach, Misc. 1. tab. 12. fig. 1. Kiener, Volutz, pl. 42. fig. 2. Wood’s Cat. Voluta, no. 164. Shell ovate oblong, thick, smooth, and polished, with a very short and obtuse spire, greyish or pale reddish white, with numerous narrow and slightly undulated stripes of a lighter or darker brown, running from the suture to the base. The last whorl comprises two-thirds of the shell, and the outer lip is so strongly marginated, that Lamarc has included it amongst the Marginellz or Date Shells, from which it chiefly differs (according to Kiener) by the disposition of its plaits (which are four ‘ : ; EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. 23 in number) upon the columella. New South Wales is the quarter from whence we receive it; it averages in length an inch and a half. S. MACULATA. THE SPOTTED SCAPHELLA. Plate XXXVIII. Testa oblonga, levi, nitida, oliviformi: luteo-fulvy4, ultimo anfractu tribus fasciis macu- larum fusco-purpurascentium, ornato: apertura recta, elongata, pallide fusces- cente: spira brevi, conica: columella quadriplicata, haud gibba. Variety V. Pallida ? Kiener’s Volute, pl. 30. Grif. Cuy. Mollusca, pl. 30. Shell small, oblong, subcylindrical, attenuated at its extremities, smooth, and polished ; of a yellowish grey or pale fulvous passing into yellow, with the body- whorl adorned with three bands of purplish brown spots of far greater length than breadth, arranged one below the suture, the second half-way down and the third close to the base. The mouth which is of a paleish brown is straight and elongated, the pillar furnished with four plaits and never gibbous, whilst the spire is short and conical, and composed of six or seven indistinctly separated volutions. The length of this rare Australian Shell is two inches and a quarter. S. ELONGATA. ELONGATED MUSIC. Plates XX. and XXI. Testa oblonga pallidé fulva, lineis fuscis, undatis, longitudinaliter picta ; spira mediocre, attenuata, tantum non levi, anfractibus superné depressis ; columella medio leviter crassescente, sexplicata. Voluta Fusus, Quoy’s Astrolabe, pl. 44, fig. 7, 8. Kiener’s Volute, pl. 39. & 45. fig. 2. A single shell of this elegantly formed and unknown species, was brought by a South Sea trader from the Bay of Islands. Its characters are strikingly dissimilar from all the described species, though in general form it approaches Voluta Mag- nifica, and in markings Pacifica. With the exception of a few faintly marked and nearly obsolete plaits on the under side of the body-whorl, and the following volution the shell is quite smooth. The shape is oblong, with its spire attenuated and of a moderate size, the colour pale fulvous, with longitudinal brown wavy or angulated markings, and the outer lip is thickened and reflected. The pillar is nearly straight, thickened in the middle, provided with four plaits, and accompanied in old indivi- duals by a callosity which expands towards the base of the shell, and projects con- siderably. The suture is compressed on the succeeding volution, and slightly wrinkled. Though not very perfect our specimen is nearly unique, and the most 24. EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. rare of this beautiful and noble family. Length five inches, breadth two inches. Aberrant. | Obs. An eminent Conchologist has informed me that this shell is but a variety of Pacifica. Sus-Famity—MITRANA. Spire produced, acute, generally as long or longer than the aperture, plaits 4—5, the lower the smallest. Genus—Mirra. No internal channel or groove at the upper extremity of the aperture ; outer lip curved from its two extremities ; the base of the aperture not contracted, the interior always smooth : spire lengthened and acute : shell without coronating tubercles, but not polished ; (representing the Volutee and Turbinellide). Sub-genus—Mirra. Shell entirely smooth, or with the sutures very slightly crenated : aperture very effuse at the base. M. PERTUSA. PUNCTURED MITRE. Plate XXX. Testa ovato-acuta, lineis transversis impresso-punctata, albida, maculis, spadiceis, inter- ruptis, fasciata: ultimo anfractu macularum majorum ejusdem coloris seriebus 2 ornato : apertura alba, labio exteriore denticulato: columella 5 plicata. Mitra Cardinalis, Lam. Anx. sans VY. 7. p. 301. no. 6. Mitra Archiepiscopalis, Lam. Anx. sans V. 7. p. 302. no. 7. Mitra Pertusa, Sow. Gen. Voluta Pertusa, Dilwyn, 558. no. 144. Lister, 838. fig. 65. Gault. 53. fig. G. ad dexteram & u. and tab. 54. fig. aH. Enc. Met. 369. 1. 4. B. & 3. a. B. Mart. 4. pl. 147. fig. 1358, 9. Knorr, Vergn. 4. pl. 28. fig.3. Wood’s Cat. Volute, fig. 141. Kiener’s Mitre, pl. 3. fig. 6, 6. a. Shell oyal-acute with the body-whorl longer than the spire: whorls rounded, marked horizontally with minute punctures, white with numerous spiral rows of small spots of chesnut brown and a band of irregular splotches of the same colour just below the suture ; the body-whorl furnished with a second one in the centre. The mouth white, the outer lip denticulated and the pillar with five plaits. Indian ocean. ‘Two inches and a half. MITRA GLABRA. SMOOTH MITRE. Plate XVIII. Testa turrito-subulata leevi, nitida, aurantio-fulva : anfractibus convexis, transversim obso- leté striatis: apertura abbreviataé ; spiree apice crassé : columella quadriplicata. Mitra Buccinata, Quoy’s Astrolabe, pl. 45 bis. fig. 14, 15. Kiener’s Mitree, pl. 11. Wood’s Cat. sup. Volute, fig. EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. Q5 This smooth and elegant shell might at first sight be almost taken for an old specimen of Mitra Striatula. The colour is a beautiful tawny orange diversified by lighter and darker longitudinal shades. The volutions, of which there are eight or nine, are slightly rounded, separated by an indistinct suture and obsoletely striated transversely. The outer lip is smooth and thin, and the whole shell when perfect, covered with an olive brown epidermis. Pillar with four plaits, the last however scarcely apparent. New Holland. Length three inches. Famity—CYPREADA. Oval; polished ; spire entirely concealed : aperture as long as the shell, narrow, and open at each end: outer lip generally thickened and inflected. Sub-Family—Cyrrx1n&. Inner lp striated, or toothed. Genus—Cyprea. Shell always entirely smooth : the extremities of the aperture obtuse ; the teeth marginal, and not extending over the circumference of the lips. CRU EUR WICA* SPREE Ye COME. Plate XXXV. Testa, ovata, albida, obscure fasciata, fulvo punctata, maculis dorsalibus, duobus, fulvis, irregularibus signata ; lateribus albo-flavescentibus, nigro-fusco-guttatis : basi convexa, striata ; striis elevatis spadiceis. Gray, Mon. Cyp. Zool. J. 1. p. 379. no. 42. Swainson, Phil. Mag. 1xi. 376. Sow. Cone. Il. Cypree, fig. 40. Shell ovate or suboblong-ovate, white, with very obscure broad purplish bands : the back irregularly clouded with minute yellowish-fulvous dots, and ornamented with two irregular squareish fuscous dorsal spots: sides yellowish white, with a few largeish round blackish brown spots, and dark brown at the ends. The spire con- cave, covered; the base convex: the teeth narrow, small, distinct, brown, extending like ribs nearly to the margin half-way over the inner lip: front part of the colu- mella rather concave, plaited. Axis fifteen-sixteenths of an inch, diameter five- sixteenths of an inch. * This excellent description is extracted from the monograph of the family by Mr. Gray, from whose talents and kindness I have derived much assistance in this work. 26 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. Orper—PHYTOPHAGA. Family—Hexicip%. Shell light turbinated or spiral, the aperture always entire, rarely closed by an operculum, and sometimes only rudimentary. Sub-Family—Acuatine. Shell spiral: aperture oblong or oval, always equal, and generally shorter than the spire. Genus—Acuatina. Outer lip always thin; base of the pillar truncated, or sinuated, before it joins the outer lip. Sub-Genus—Acuatina Proper. Oblong, body whorl ventricose: surface smooth, spire variable, outer lip without any lobe. A. SULTANA. THE SULTANA SHELL. Plate X. Testa ventricoso-conica, tenuissima, fragili, diaphana, longitudinaliter et tenuissimé striata, olivaceo-fuscescente, lineis rufis, longitudinalibus, flexuosis, confertis, picta: ultimo anfractu, fasciis tribus fusco alboque articulatis, cincto : apertura patula, labro, acuto : spira depressa. Helix Gallina Sultana, Chem. 11. tab. 210. fig. 2070, 1. Dilwyn, p. 920. Bubinus, Lamare, 6. p.117. no. 3. Wood's Cat. Helix, fig. 75. Fav. 1. fig.47. Spix, Test. Braz. p. 9. pl. 9. fig. 11. Ferus. no. 338. pl. 117. fig. 2. Shell conic and ventricose, very thin, fragile and transparent, finely striated perpendicularly, of a light olive brown, painted with longitudinally flexuous crowded brown lines, and the last whorl girt with three articulated bands (one of which winds up the spire) of white and brown somewhat crescent shaped markings: aper- ture patulous and ovate: lip acute, spire depressed: length two inches and a quarter. Habitat Guiana and Brazils. A. MARGINATA, (VARIETY). MARGINED ACHATINA. Plate II. Testa ovato-oblonga, strigis inzequalibus ferrugineis : spira ad apicem obtusa, quinque- voluta : sutura depressa, linea sulcata marginali. Zool. lust. 1st series, pl. 30. Swainson’s Malacology, p. 170. List. 579. fig. 34. Gualt. 45. 8. Knorr, 4. tab. 24. fig. 1. (badly coloured). Sow. Gen. Not having seen any shells exactly corresponding with Mr. Swainson’s figures, I have extracted his own description from the first series of the Zoological Hlustra- tions, premising however that a most distinguished naturalist has assured me that it is by no means a new species, but the Bulla Purpurea of the older writers. This statement Knorr’s figure (refered to by Mr. S.) tends greatly to confirm. «This rare shell has hitherto been overlooked as a variety of the Linnean EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. Q7 Bulla Achatina ; the colour of both is subject to much variation. The spire of five whorls, the last or terminal one very small and flattened, the apex obtuse, the suture depressed as if flattened on the shell, and margined by one or sometimes two indented lines, parallel, and at the top of each whorl. In the colour of its mouth it varies, in sometimes having a tinge of rose colour at the base and top of the spire, but the mouth is usually white. The body-whorl is more or less ventricose, the outer lip is a little reflected, and the whole shell when full grown much thicker and heavier than any of the other species. The epidermis is yellowish brown, beneath which the shell is nearly white, beautifully marked with broad remote stripes of chesnut. Size three inches and a half. Habitat Guinea.” Our present variety is smaller and more polished, of a pinkish hue, and the stripes darker and more defined. Sus-GEnus—COCHLYCOPA. Oblong, body-whorl slender: surface striated : spire variable: outer lip with a prominent lobe near the base. C. MACULATA. SPOTTED COCHLYCOPA. Plate XXIII. Testa ovata, ventricoso-conica, tenui, levi, diaphana, fulvo-rosea, punctis quadratis, rubro- castaneis, remotis, per lineas transversas dispositis : spira brevi; columella sinuata : apertura patula: labro acuto. Bucecinum Stercus Pulicum, Chem. 9. pl. 120. fig. 1026, 7. Bulla Stercus Pulicum, Gmel. p. 3654. no. 198. Bulimus Priamus, Brug. Dic. no. 104. Helix Priamus, Ferus. no. 356. pl. 135. fig. 5. Bulla Priamus, Dilwyn, p. 493. no. 51. Achatina Priamus, Lam. Anx. sans V, 6. p. 131. no. 12. Helix Priapus, Gmel. p. 3654. no. 198. Gronov. Zoop. pl. 19. fig. 10, 11. Favanne, pl. 2. fig. 129. Wood’s Cat. Bulla, fig. 51. This fragile and semi-transparent shell is smooth, ventricose, and conically ovate, with a short spire, an acute lip and a sinuated pillar. The colour is that of Cinna- mon, ornamented with several horizontal rows of squareish spots of a darker hue. The body-whorl constitutes three-fifths of the whole. Length two inches and a half. Locality (so says Chemnitz) Guinea and the West Indies. According to Mr. Beck,* a Danish Naturalist who has bestowed much attention on the study of Conchology, this species, however much in appearance it may re- * Substance of a note by Destrayes in his recent edition of Lamarc. 28 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. semble a land shell, is an operculated marine mollusc and found alive in the seas of Spain and Portugal. Should this statement prove correct, the Cochlycopa maculata must form a genus of which it is the sole species, akin on the one hand to Srru- THIOLARIA, on the other to certain BuccinuMs. OrpveER—DITHYRA. BIVALVE SHELLS. Tripe—ATRACHIA. Famity—UNIONID. Animal fluviatile: shell solid, perlaceous ; generally with cardinal and lateral teeth. Sub-Family -Uniontnm. One valve with two cardinal and two lateral teeth : cardinal teeth short : the umbones or bosses smooth, or longitudinally undulated. Genus—Mysca. Shell elongated oblong ovate ; cardinal teeth compressed and crenated ; the outer sharp, and almost parallel with the anterior margin. Sub-Genus—Lymnapra. Posterior hinge margin elevated and winged ; the valves con- nate, the surface smooth. L. ALATA. THE WINGED LYMNADIA. Plate VIL. Testa magna, ovato-trigona, transversim striata; pube in alam maximam elevata ; valvis margine connatis : ligamento occultato. Unio dlatus, Say Encye. Amer. Conch. pl. 4. fig. 2. Barnes’ Sillim. Journal, 6. p. 260. no. 12. Deshayes, Enc. Met. vers. t. 2. p. 583. no. 14. Lam. Anx. sans V. 6. p. 76. no. 28. Symphonota Alata, Lea on Unio, p. 62. no. 3. Unio Alatus, Sowerby’s Gen. fig. 5. Wood’s Cat. Sup. Mya, fig. 3. The subgenus Lymnadea is so natural a one, and so deservedly separated from the more typical Uniones that M. Le Seur (as quoted by Lamarc) nearly twenty years ago, proposed its being severed from them. The aLata is one ef the most remarkable shells of the sub-family, not so much on account of its beauty, but as holding a more isolated position than any yet noticed. That it has a strong resem- blance to aANopon is indisputable, but that it has a much stronger one to the Uniones, cannot be questioned. Now every one who draws the distinction between analogy and affinity immediately perceives, that the first of these resemblances is purely analogical, while the other as Lamarc, Say, and Barnes have correctly judged, is one of absolute affinity. At present, the species stands almost alone as the representative of that sub-genus which typifies the Anodons. In conformity with this analogy, we find the posterior dorsal margin, remarkably elevated, dilated, and winged, (so that a careless observer might place it amongst the Hyria’s, from which however, the dif- ference of teeth, and the latter being auriculated both posteriorly and anteriorly, EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. 29 clearly distinguish it.) The ligament also is connate and entirely covered by a prolongation of the testaceous matter of the valves, the bosses small, and the shell itself ovate-trigonal and depressed. The cardinal teeth are very peculiar ; they are compressed and crenated like those of mysca, but the inner one is generally the largest, and the direction of the grove which separates them is either perpendicular, or diverges from the anterior margin of the shell. The colour is dark olive, and the inside pearly. Inhabits Lake Champlain, St. George, &c. in North America. Extreme breadth three inches and a half. Sus-Famity—HYRIANZE. Bosses longitudinally furrowed : cardinal teeth long, compressed, placed on one side of the bosses ; hinge margin winged. Genus—Hyrria. Hinge margin straight; both extremities elevated and winged: cardinal teeth very long, and resembling lateral teeth. HYRIA ELONGATA. Plate XXIV. Testa elongata, oblongo-trigona, fusca, margine superiore propé recto, umbonibus de- pressis ; auriculis magnis caudatim productis, latere posterioris valdé incurvo. The peculiar separating character of the Hyrianz as distinct from the Unionine, is, that the umbones or bosses are sulcated, not longitudinally but, if at all, trans- versely. The present decidedly new species reminds us of the common Mytilus Hirundo of Linneus, both in shape and colouring. It is triangularly oblong, striated by the lines of growth, and of a deep rich brown, with the interior pearly. It differs from the H. Avicularis in its more lengthened shape, the comparative smallness and deeper incurvation of the side of its posterior wing, the greater straightness of the hinge margin and consequent less projection of the wide umbones. Size three inches. Locality ? Sus-Famity—ANODONTINA. Cardinal teeth none ; lateral teeth extending along the hinge, or entirely wanting : hinge margin generally winged. Genus—Anovon. Doubly winged: no lamellar or other teeth. ANODON SINUOSIS. CURVED ANODON. Plate XVI. Testa ovali, olivaced, ineequilaterali, transversim striata ; anterius, superné incurva, coar- colata, prope truncata ; marginis inferioris medio, incurvo ; linea cardinali undato- sinuosa : natibus prominulis, leevigatis, erosis : interiore facie margaritacea. Anodon Sinuosa, Lam. Anx. sans V. 6. p. 87. no. 14. Enc. Met. 203. fig. 2. a. B. 30 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. Were this species, but slightly more truncated anteriorly, found lying upon a beach, and the closed valves not examined for their hinge, few would hesitate to term it Mya Truncata so nearly does its outline (though rather too long horizontally) resemble that shell. But to speak more technically. Its shape is oval, with the anterior extremity of the upper margin deeply incurved and contracted, and the hinge margin of course corresponding in its sinuosity. It is inequilateral, the pos- terior end running almost parallel with the base or lower margin, which is incurved beneath the hinge, whilst the anterior extremity which is far shorter, ends abruptly and forms an obtuse angle. ‘The umbones or bosses are smooth, eroded so as to show the nacre and far from prominent. The interior is brilliant mother of pearl, slightly tinged with pink, and the outer coating is uniform olive green. Length three inches. Locality ? Grenus—PATULARIA. Shell nearly equilateral round or cordate ; no teeth. PATULARIA OVATA.. TRAPEZIFORM PATULARIA. Plate XXXVI. Testa transversim ovata, fragili, tumida, pallidé olivaceo-lutescente, posticé subradiata : linea cardinali recta ; pube elevata, compresso alaté; natibus prominulis levigatis ; facie interiore margaritacea, purpureo sub umbonibus picta. Anodonta Trapezialis, Lam. Anx. sans V. 6. p. 87. no.11. Crouch’s Lam. 9. fig. 7. Ene, Met. 205. fig. 1. a. B. Chem. 8. pl. 86. fig 762. This genus, the prototype of Anodonine in the circle of the Unionide, is characterised by the umbones being remarkably swollen or ventricose, and the shell almost round. ‘The present species however, does not participate in the latter cha- racter so much as its congeners, its general shape being ovate, with the hinge margin straight, somewhat ascending towards the posterior end, and forming obtuse angles at both extremities, (which owing to the great convexity of the valves are depressed) so as to give the fragile shell an almost winged appearance. ‘The bosses are very broad, smooth and prominent, and of a pale blue, whilst the rest of the surface is covered by a light yellowish olive epidermis, semi-radiated towards the posterior end by lines of a darker hue. ‘The interior is pearly, with purple blotches beneath the umbones. Size three inches and a quarter. Locality ? The specific name TRAPEZIALIS given to it by Lamarc some time previously to Mr. Swainson’s appellation, must of course replace the latter. EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. 31 PATULARIA ROTUNDATA. ROUND PATULARIA. Plate XXXVII. Testa ovato-rotundata, ineequilaterali, magna, tumida, transversim striata, olivaceo-nigres- cente; linea cardinali haud recta: anticé rotundata ; postico latere longiore, superne subalato subtis subangulato, margine sinuoso : natibus prominulis, trans- versé suleatis : intus margaritacea. This species far inferior in elegance to the last, cannot even claim to be con- sidered good looking, so sombre an appearance does the dark and unrelieved olive of its epidermis give the shell. It is decidedly larger and coarser than Ovata and far rounder, with the striz more apparent, the hinge margin curved and the um- bones sulcated transversely. The sudden depression of the posterior slope raises an angle running down from the bosses to the lowest extremity of the margin on that side, which latter, after forming a slight beak, meets the hinge margin with much sinuation. The slope is obliquely grooved, the anterior end rounded, the valves convex, and the inside pearly. Breadth four inches. Locality ? Famity—AVICULIDA. Animal attached, byssiferous : shells lamellar, internally perlaceous : the valves generally gaping. Genus—Murtitus. Oblong, transverse, the bosses small, close to the anterior margin : both extremities rounded ; hinge margin straight, and generally forming an angle : valves not always gaping, teeth (except in BRACHIDONTES) none. Sub-Genus—Moptoia, Umbones prominent, not terminal, hinge margin considerably angulated: the shell smooth and toothless : valves slightly gaping. MODIOLA ELONGATA. LENGTHENED MODIOLA. Plate VIII. Testa elongato-angusta, depresso-cylindracea levigata; spadiceaé ; margine superiore recto, subaleeformi, depresso, inferiore vix arcuato : interiore facie margaritacea. This far from inelegant shell might possibly be confounded with the descriptions of certain species by Lamarc, but careful comparison will prove its distinctness. Its peculiar elongated appearance (from which character it derives its name) gives it the semblance of a winged Lithodomus, none however could fall into the error of including it amongst them. The hinge margin is notable for its straightness, and the almost entire freedom from arcuation of its lower margin, would of itself alone separate it from most of the Modiole. For the rest, the colour is chesnut, the inte- rior nacre brilliant, the surface merely striated by the lmes of growth, the shape depressed-cylindraceous, transversely elongated, and all but winged. Three inches. Locality ? 32 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. APPENDIX. Containing Mr. Swainson’s Descriptions of the unfigured Shells of the First Edition, together with those described by him in Bligh’s Catalogue. PTEROCERA NODOSA. PURPLE-MOUTHED SCORPION. P. Teste labio exteriore processibus 6 tuberculatis compressis armato ; margine dentato ; apertura intus purpurea, costis albis striata, ad marginem aurantiaca. Outer lip with six tuberculated compressed processes ; the margin toothed ; aperture within, purple striated with white ribs, and margined with orange. Strombus Scorpius, Gmelin, 3508. 4. Seba, tab. 82. 11. 15. P. Nodosa, Brug. Ency. Meth. pl 410. 2. Rumph. tab. 36. x. The name of Bruguiere is so very characteristic of this species, that I think it will justify its adoption in preference to the original but unmeaning one given by Linnezus. It is the most beautiful of the genus. The throat is of the darkest purple, vivid at its edges, and crossed by white elevated strize; the ground colour of the inner lip being brownish. ‘The tubercles are always opposite each other. When young, the inside border of the inner lip is flesh colour. It is not common, and fine specimens come from the Isle of France. PTEROCERA ROBUSTA. THICK-CLAWED SCORPION. P. Testa labio exteriore processibus 6 vel 7 crassis, subcylindraceis, tanthm non rectis armato ; apertura fusca, costis albis densis ineequalibus ; canali subrecta. Onter lip with six or seven thick, rounded, nearly straight processes ; aperture brown, with thick, unequal, white ribs, channel nearly straight. Very distinct, but nearest allied to P. Nodosa; the claws, instead of being as in that slender, compressed, and knobbed, are thick, round, and smooth ; it is a stout heavy shell. The throat dark brown, with thick irregular ribs. It is very rare, and neither figured nor described. PTEROCERA ELONGATA. SHORT-CLAWED SCORPION. P. Testze labio exteriore processibus 8 brevibus, latis, compressis armato; spira producta ; apertura striata. Outer lip with eight short, broad, and compressed processes ; aperture striated ; spire lengthened. Lister, 868. 23. Martini, 10. tab. 155. f. 1479 & 1480. P. Millepeda, Brug. Ency. Meth. 410. fig. 1. a 6. EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. 833 This is so very distinct a shell from the true Millepeda, that it is surprising Bruguiere should have continued the error of placing it as the same species: his figure, however, is very good. ‘The claws are very short and dilated, and the spire always lengthened. Mr. Dubois has the finest example of this rare shell I have ever seen. PTEROCERA MILLEPEDA. MANY-CLAWED SCORPION. P. Testze labio exteriore processibus 9 falcatis, leviter compressis, armato; spira brevi ; + apertura striata. Outer lip with nine curved, slightly compressed processes ; spire short, aperture striated. Lister, 869. 23. Martini, 3. tab. 88 f. 861 & 2. Seba, 3. tab. 82. Young, Martini, 3. tab. 93. 906 & 7. Although not uncommon in a young state, this shell is rarely seen well grown, nor have I ever heard of a specimen in full perfection. The figures and specific characters will so easily point out the dissimilarity between this and the last, that no further reasons for separating them appear necessary. It may however be observed, that the lip in this is always reflected, and in P. Elongata inflected. PTEROCERA VIOLACEA. WHITE PURPLE MOUTHED SCORPION. P. Teste labio exteriore processibus 10 brevibus, compressis, (2 superioribus divaricatis) armato ; canali brevi ; apertura labiisque albis, costatis, intus purpureis. Outer lip with ten short compressed processes ; the two upper divaricated ; channel short ; aperture and lips white, ribbed, and within purple. Martini, vol. 10. tab. 157, pl. 1494 & 5. The most delicate, and one of the rarest species. Excepting the throat, which is of a beautiful purple violet, the mouth is pure white, marked by regular and delicate ribs, larger and more distant on the inner lip, which is faintly tinged with purple; the margin is a little reflected ; the claws flattened, and the two upper ones much divaricated; the back is white. Beautiful specimens were collected by Lord Valentia (now Earl of Mountnorris) in the Red Sea; and to this nobleman we are indebted for the knowledge of a vast number of new shells collected during his Oriental travels. hy 34 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. APPENDIX OF THE BLIGH CATALOGUE. HALIOTIS GLABRA, (OF SWAINSON). Testa obtuse ovata, depressa, lata, obsoleté striata, intus leevi; spira ampla; labio exte- riore rotundato : margine antico gibbo: foraminibus minimis, numerosis, ovatig, subleevibus. Shell obtusely oval, depressed, broad, obsoletely striated, within smooth: spire ample ; exterior lip rounded, the top gibbous: perforations minute, numerous, oval and nearly smooth. It is a native of the coast of New Holland, and is sometimes beautifully marked with large angular veins of chesnut brown on a pale ground of greenish. H. CARINATA. Testa rufo alboque varia, costa centrali, transversa, intus concava, insigm ; spira ampla : foraminibus lineam convexam perforantibus. Mart. 1. tab. 14. fig. 140. This and the shell improperly placed under a distinct genus by the name of Padollus Sca- taris are the two species confounded under the Linnean symonym of Hal. Parva. I am not certain as to its locality. The interior surface is faintly marked with fine lines, parallel with the transverse rib and the whole shell is generally thin. H. RUFESCENS. Testa ponderosa. leviter striata, aliquando nodis sparsis deformi, rufescente : spira brevi ; labii exterioris extremitate antica gibb&: labio interiore angusto; foraminibus levatis, remotis (3 aut 4 apertis). Shell ponderous, obsoletely striated, sometimes deformed by scattered nodules, reddish ; spire small ; outer lip at the top gibbous : inner lip narrow: perforations elevated, remote, only three or four open. In proportion, as the back of the shell is worn down, the colour becomes a brighter red. It attains to a very large size, and when in perfection is a beautiful species. In- habits the Gallipagos and California. H. COSTATA. Testd convexa pallida, costis numerosis, integris, obtusis, longitudinalibus a spira diver- gentibus in superficiem internam conspicuis : foraminibus numerosis, rotundis, vix levatis. Mart. 10. pl. 165. fig 1604. Wood's Cat. 36. fig. 5. (reversed). EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY,. 35 Shell convex, pale, with numerous obtuse entire longitudinal ribs, diverging from the ele- vated and conspicuous spire on the under surface : perforations numerous, roundish and slightly elevated. The interior side of this species is very elegant, being sometimes marked by fine lines crossing the sulcations of the ribs, owing to some specimens having additional strize, which in others are obsolete or wanting. Inhabits New Zealand. H. CRENATA. Testa parva, ovata, striis transversis, rugisque nodosis sparsis, scabra; spira mediocri: foraminibus remotis, levatis, vix rotundis: labio exteriore intus crenato. Shell small, oval, with transverse sulcated striae, and scattered nodulous wrinkles ; spire moderate ; perforations remote, elevated nearly round : interior margin of the outer lip crenated. Some specimens are quite devoid of the nodules, in others the strize are very strong, while in some they assume the appearance of distant unequal wrinkles diverging from the spire. The perforations, however, are always destitute of the broad parallel groove (usual in this genus) which is generally between the perforations and the outer lip. CASSIS RINGENS, (CASSIDEA). Testa pallida, transversé costata, costis sulco lineatis ; labio exteriore dentibus transversis, interiore, dentibus erga basin validis, armato ; dentium serie profunde divisa, margine simplici. Wood's Cat. Sup. Buce. no. 1. Shell pale, transversely ribbed, the rib with an impressed line; outer lip with transverse teeth, inner lip with two sets of strong teeth near the base, divided by a deep notch: the margin simple. Large. The connecting link between Dolium and Cassis uniting the form and ribbed exterior of the former to the strongly toothed aperture of the latter. C. CORRUGATA. Testa pallida, lineis transversis, fuscis, interruptis, rugis longitudinalibus, brevibus, nume- rosis, fasciisque 2 nodulosis arnata; labio interiore dentibus obsoletis, internis armato et ad basim plicato. Shell pale, with transverse interrupted brown lines and two bands of small nodules: inner lip obsoletely toothed within and plaited at the base. From the Gallipagos. HARPA CRENATA. Testa longitudinaliter plerumque 12 costata ; labii exterioris margine denticulis crenatis armato. Shell with about twelve longitudinal ribs: margin of the outer lip with crenated teeth. The mouth is never tinged with the deep blackish chesnut of the common Harp, and the colours 36 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. are redder. It is likewise a smaller shell, but the true distinction rests on the one having the lip always smooth and the other having it broken into little teeth. EBURNA PACIFICA. Testa ventricosa, maculis fulvis, fasciisque albis ornata; spire angustee, acutze, suturis integris. Shell ventricose with fulvous spots and white bands: spire narrow, acute, suture entire. From the South Seas. E. VALENTIANA. Testa ventricos4, maculata; aperturee longitudine spire longitudinem superante ; spira anfractibus 5 convexis, suturis alyeatis : basi balteo concavo cincta. Shell ventricose, spotted: spire shorter than the aperture, of five convex volutions: suture channelled: base with a concave belt. Distinct from E. Spirata by its shorter and less acute spire which has not six whorls as the latter, the channel or groove also which separates them is less broad and the basal belt not convex but concave. STROMBUS INERMIS. Testa nodulosa, transversé sulcata : labio exteriore dilatato rotundato, anticé integro: lobo basali tantum non obsoleto : apertura levi alba. Lister, 8561. (good). Shell unarmed or slightly nodulous, transversely grooved ; outer lip dilated, rounded, and above entire ; basal lobe nearly obsolete : aperture smooth, white. Nearest allied to S. Fasci- atus. In some specimens, the small nodules on the body-whorl are prominent, but in most instances they are wanting. Not uncommon. S. GRANULATUS. Testa nodosa; spira producta: labii exterioris supra contracti margine inflexo, intus granulato ; apertura nivea. Wocd’s Cat. Sup. fig. 21. Shell nodulous; spire produced, outer lip above contracted, margin inflexed, within granulated ; aperture snowy white. MITRA DIADEMA, (THIARELLA). Testa haud costata, sulcis remotis, transversis, intus punctatis ornata; anfractibus coro- natis ; spire incrassatee, apertureeque longitudine eadem: apice acuto : labio exteriore denticulato: columella 4 plicata. Shell not ribbed, with transverse remote grooves, punctured within ; volutions coronated : spire thickened of equal length with the aperture : outer lip toothed : pillar four plaited. EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. 37 MITRA CARBONARIA. Testa Jeevi, nigricante, striis transversis, minimis, punctatis ornata spira producta atte- nuatad; columella 5 plicata. Shell smooth, blackish, with very minute, punctured, transverse strive: spire produced, attennated : pillar with five plaits. From New Holland. VOLUTA PAPILLOSA, (SCAPHELLA). Testa ponderosa, levi, lineis fuscis subtilissimé reticulatis, fasciisque fuscis, transversis, interruptis, ornata ; spire apice crassissimo valdé papilloso: labii interioris medio, gibbo ; columella 4 plicata. Grif. Cuy. 40. Shell ponderous, smooth, with fine reticulated lines and transverse interrupted bands of brown : spire with the apex very thick and papillary: middle of the inner lip gibbous: pillar four plaited. From the Fegee Isles. VOLUTA FUSIFORMIS, (SCAPHELLA). Testa producta, fusiformi, pallidé aurantiaca, lineis angulatis fuscis ornata, spira atte- nuataé: basi contracta: columella 3 plicata. Shell produced, fusiform, pale orange with angulated brown lines, spire attenuated, base contracted, pillar with three plaits. Probably from the Pacific. In general appearance it ap- proaches near to V. Ancilla and V. Magellanica, from both of which it is principally distinguished by the lower part of the body-whorl being contracted, and the spire lengthened. AMPULLARIA FASCIATA, (VAR. CANALICULATA). Testa magna ventricosa, ovata, olivacea, lineis transversis, obsoletis, subcarinatis cincta ; spira brevi, sutura, anfractuum margine antico, convexo, obtecta: labio interiore antico obsoleto ; operculo corneo ? umbilico aperto. Shell large ventricose, oval, olive, with obsolete, transverse, slightly carinated lines: spire short, suture hid by the great convexity of the upper part of the whorls: inner lip above obsolete : operculum horny? umbilicus open. BULIMUS VIRESCENS. (B. CITRINUS, VAR.?) Testa obovata, viridi-flavescente ; spiree conic, vix incrassate, obtusze, anfractibus in suturas depressis, plerumque perversis : labio interiore anticé obsoleto : umbilico aperto. Shell obovate, green, variegated with yellow; spire conte, slightly thickened, obtuse ; the volutions depressed on the suture, and generally reversed ; inner lip obsolete: umbilicus open. 38 EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. I have seen many specimens, but not one where the inner lip was developed on the upper part, that is between the umbilicus and the top of the outer lip. In the varieties of B. Citrinus I have seen, the inner lip is entire, much thickened and dilated over the umbilicus, which is thus hid in mature age. ACHATINA MONILE. Testa subtilissimé reticulata, albente, strigis undulatis, fasciisque transversis, castaneo- maculatis, ornata: anfractu basali subventricos’; spire producte anfractibus 2 ultimis approximatis: apice papilloso; basi vix integra. Shell very finely reticulated, with waved stripes and transverse bands of chesnut spots ; basal volution subyentricose : spire produced, the last whorls close and the tip papillary : base nearly entire. Distinct from, though approximating to, Bulinus Zebra and Undatus. PHASIANELLA VENTRICOSA. Testa ventricosa ; spiree anfractibus convexis, apice acuto ; aperture. vix effusze, spireeque longitudine eadem. Shell ventricose, spiral whorls convex, the tip acute; aperture nearly effuse, as long as the spire. Colour variable. P. INFLATA. Testa ventricosa, purpureo-fusca, strigis angulatis ornata, spire anfractibus brevissimze tribus modo manifestis. Shell ventricose, brownish purple with angular stripes, spire very short, of only three obvious whorls. Near to but distinct from the last. Exclusive of the minute terminal whorl at the tip, this species has but three, the preceding four, distinct volutions. MITRA NIVOSA. Testa ovato-acuta, striis transversis, puncticulatis, excavatis, nebulosa, punctis albis fuscis- que sparsis varia, maculis imparibus, fuscis bifasciata : labio crenulato. Mitra Versicolor, Martyn, pl. 23. Shell ovate acute, with transverse striae and excavated punctures, clouded and variegated with scattered dots of white and brown, and two bands of transverse unequal spots: outer lip crenated. From New Holland and the Isles of the Pacific. MUREX PINNATUS. (PTERONOTUS). Test& candida, varicibus tribus, longitudinalibus, tortis ; fimbria tenui dilatata, radiata, margine undulato ornatis, armata: spird producta, canale elongato, arcuato ; labio exteriore denticulato. Mart. 3. pl. 3. fig. 1036, 7. Wood’s Cat. sup. Murex, fig 20. EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY,. 39 Shell snowy white, with three twisted longitudinal varices, which are surmounted by a thin, dilated, radiated fringe, having the margin undulated: spire produced, channel lengthened, curved ; outer lip crenately toothed, akin but distinct from Born’s Triqueter. CYPREA APERTA. (TRIVEA). Testa rosea, labiis albis striis levatis vix ad teste dorsam extensis, insignibus ; apertura valde effusa. Wocd's Cat. sup. Cyprea, fig. 10. Shell rose coloured, lips white, with elevated striae extending near to the back of the shell ; mouth very wide. Rare. PUPA VIOLACEA. Testa purpurascente, nitida, anfractibus (in etate provectis) plerumque 7, obliqué sub- tilissimé striatis : apice truncato: apertwé integra, edentula. Shell shining, livid purple, when in an adult state having about seven whorls finely striated obliquely : the basal whorl carinated ; tip of the spire truncated: aperture entire without teeth. From Jamaica. ANODON PICTUS. Testa ovata compressa, radiata, umbonibus retusis ; margine ligamentali levato angulato : lamina cardinali brevi, lata, vix concayva, sinu producto leviter curvato terminata, Shell oval, compressed, radiated, umbones retuse, ligamental margin elevated and angu- lated : hinge margin short, broad, slightly concave, terminating in a lengthened slightly curved sinus ; umbones retuse ; inside yellowish white. Note.—I have omitted the descriptions of Strombus Melastomus, P. Truncata, and V. Maculata. as they are described in the body of the work; also of Eburna Spirata, Marg. Bullat?, Ach. Erythros- toma, Conus Nocturnus, and Monoceros Imbricatum, from their being old and already described species FINIS. NORMAN, PRINTEK, MALDEN LANE, COVENT GAKDEN, A (eR Tak) hey, Votute marmorata. Sw” Mus. DIA ngus. i By \) Avi soa nea ih Ras Poh ogee wis y vr Achalina. marginata 1 ar? Su 7 biog, Lalo Sevacrre anny 73 Uo Si une vgopnbuD UpN70 4 uopong uo sayy VEEL popu bun W704 a as iy at as oh es Voluta rivosa. Lam* Mus. Broderip. 6 Tita dzaiema Lam Vc Mus Dem* Blagh’. 7) alata, hare Se 7 Oni bo nee! ‘ i bt i Ah ye Hepner Ne : Parent Bay a Bi UNIO ALATUS Mus. 2. Swt? Swavwsen Hott 4 ca Presi tae Biron world Sans PL& o Sw Modila elongata Alas Dom” Bligh a vi uot LOT 3 Prroceri. anrantia Sw” Mas Dom: € Dubois. fans a Bomoaig! Achatinad Sultana. [- Mus. D. Dubors. Ji) ENA Strombus alatus. Ge. Mas Dom ® Bligh J/ Voluta Pesca ta, Lam. ; < Mus Dom. C Duss, it, Liens ty ten ons. riers iam Voluta Pa cifica Sol” Mus Dom C_Dubois man) lt NP ee ny TEP . LI 7 ode is es Mus. Dom ea “age Anodonta sinuosa Lan* Mus, Dom * _Boiton /6 i i nee © eye ‘an Pinas fete A gy a A A NO este ee its, P47 Sdonbus pracy cus Jw," Mus. Dor” Bbgh. i) vite Patt ae a, Ky ee ihe OM LS on ih at Has inet iia ni oe Ly a ov ‘Wi AB} heel io any nin os 0 Min a be) wear ‘s20gnN SHY We pep bh uo7a VIOIGUIAN) Re vet ae han ‘sqoquune) wo snpy Me pyphriope nyU]0/ v ¢ ee ah ron One ae 4 feats ae 2 Voluta NfLeLo. Sot us:Dom’ Bligh ty BASAL We ttt PaaS ce iy tla i Achalind maculata Ser Mur Dom LL. Swanson! PRS cu ea fae Za He oe 7 ay he te ‘ Ah. Ayia CLONGREX = 9 73H f ae nn ad Volita Porcina. 1. Mus. Dom Swainson. 26. Volila Ola lin. Mus. Pom. Gud Swanson re wg iB Hee at Nai) Di a) ote sat na (ok SRN Aa : SOON Ne ieee une yit CMS ai ea Votita undulata.Lam & Mus: Dom Angus. Volula rubiginosa Sw. Mus. Dom. Brodertp . ene! = Age ‘t divotts : i aN! dbeih y i TAY. rf hie Meat F ’ 1 i} a ¢ ) y D( + i. 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JomnsveiL ‘SOA OVW ‘NIIKOY, ‘G @1-Y ‘f ‘SZ ‘Nowsaud “A “H So -q ‘NOLMIN NaTIAg "Y !'S'O 7 “CUVNNGY “S “V—: S3Uepisetd-29!A ‘SZ SMS “VW X000 “HV “Ae —? qwepiseid ‘GIGI ‘Aavnigeqd YI] peJoel|9—[louNnoH puY SsIODWO (gest ‘Areniqeg 412% pepunog) “MOQUO YE JO dj21I0S JvIHooIwivgs 276 NOTES ON SWAINSON’S EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. By C. Davies Surrnorn’? and ArexanpEr ReYNELL.? Read 12th March, 1915. For many years Swainson’s Lvotie Conchology has been a_biblio- graphical puzzle. No one seemed to have seen what he could feel sure was a complete copy of the first edition, or knew what the first edition really contained. ‘Three copies have come under our notice, those belonging to the Radcliffe Library, Oxford, Mr. Reynell, and Mr. E. R. Sykes; the first and second in four original parts as published. We have been waiting patiently for years for two more parts believed to be required to complete the work. All the evidence, however, now points to the fact thut Edition 1 was published and completed (as fur as it got) in four parts, each part containing 8 lithographed plates, coloured or uncoloured according to the price the subscriber could pay. The colouring is particularly good in most cases. With Part 1 were issued sixteen’ pages of letterpress, consisting of a Title Page with the back as usual blank, except that the Printer’s name is inscribed thereon, two pages of advertisement, and the succeeding pages occupied with descriptions of the species illustrated. No further text appears to have been issued. Besides the Reynell copy, a second, with the front covers preserved, exists in the Radcliffe Library, Oxford, and we are much indebted to Sir HenryMiers for an exhaustive examination and very complete notes made for Mr. Sherborn in 1906. This copy appears to have two pages of the letterpress in duplicate, while four pages which should be there ure missing. It also wants two plates from Part II, namely, Murex regius, Swn., and Anodon sinuatus (or sinuosa), Lamk. A third copy, of which Mr. E. R. Sykes kindly sent particulars, is without covers, and complete with the exception that the four pages of text missing in the Radcliffe Library copy are here also missing. Our notes are based on the Reynell copy. During 1834 and 1835 the book was reissued with an Engraved Title Page, and two other parts, each containing eight plates, were added. Of this reissue the British Museum, Bloomsbury, possesses 5 Parts in the original covers, once belonging to Major-General ‘Yhomas Hardwicke, who died on the 3rd of March, 1834, and therefore could not have received the sixth part. On the covers he fortunately noted the dates on which he received each part. Mr. Reynell has a complete copy in six parts with covers, but there are no manuscript dates on them. Apparently this set originally belonged to W. J. Broderip, as his name is written on one of the covers. ’ By permission of the Trustees of the British Museum. * Mr. E. R. Sykes, who contemplated a paper on this book, kindly withdrew in our favour, and handed over his copy for examination. Mr. Reynell has, very generously, allowed the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) to acquire his splendid copies of the first and second issues.—C. D. S. * We do not know with which parts the text really appeared : in all probability pp- i-iv, 1-8 with part 1, and 9-16 with either part 3 or part 4. orn & REYNELL: SWAINSON’S EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. 277 In 1841 Sylvanus Hanley published a second edition of the forty- eight plates, with descriptions of the species illustrated (Title-page, Advertisement, and pp. 5-39). Many of the plates were redrawn, and the following note on p. 4 sufficiently explains the reason of the republication: ‘ But few words are requisite to preface the second edition of the Exotic Conchology. Mr. Swainson on quitting England having left this beautiful work in an unfinished condition, to me has been committed the task of reducing the whole into systematic arrangement, of drawing up descriptions of species, and adding such synonyms as the advanced state of Conchological knowledge might require. ‘This charge to the best of my power I have fulfilled, adopting that system of classification, to the establishment and elucidation of which so many years of the author's lifetime have been devoted. S. H.” We will now proceed to the detailed description of the two issues of the First Edition. First Edition, 1821-1822, As far as can be ascertained the first edition reached no further than Parts 1-4, which were published between August, 1821, and March, 1822. William Wood in his ‘‘ Catalogue of an Extensive and Valuable Collection of the Best Works on Natural History, etc.”’, London, 1824, mentions parts 1-4 only, issued in three forms, i.e. (a) with plates uncoloured, (4) coloured, and (c) both coloured and uncoloured, and priced at 10s. 6d., 16s. Od., and £1 1s. 0d. each part respectively. The ‘litle on each cover reads as follows :-— Exotic Conchology; | or | Fignres and Descriptions | of | Rare, Beautiful, or Undescribed | Shells. | By | William Swainson, F.R.S., F.L.S. | Member of the Wernerian Society of Edinburgh, | Historic Society of New York, &ec. | (Part... | containing...) London: | Printed for William Wood, Strand; and J. and A. Arch, Cornhill. | Price [filled in in ink]. The Contents of each Part and Date of issue are as follows :— Part 1, August, 1821. of | Rare, Beautiful, or Undescribed | Shells, | ae Drawn on Stone from the Most Select Specimens ; | The descriptions systematically arranged | on the principles of MM. Cuvier and de Lamarck, | with references to the Linnaan Classification. | By William Swainson, F.RS., F.L.S. | Member of the Wernerian Society of Edinburgh, | the Historie Society of New York, &c. | Vol. 1. | London: | Printed for William Wood, Strand; and J. and A. Arch, Cornhill. | 1821. | = [Back of Title] Printed by Richard and Arthur Taylor, Shoe Lane. ‘(aptsrapun) _*Mg ‘ppvbu0ja vjn)0.4 "MG ‘9UDNLD SNSNT "MG ‘p4gn)6 vaqizy "Mg ‘snoyrand snquouy (‘sayvrd 44319 sutezu09) “TG8T tequraoaq “ITT Weg « 0Wvs 91} IoF Ydraoat v aAts [LM ‘paanba. 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Voluéa melo, Sol. Achatina maculata, Sw. ITyria elongata, Sw. Part IV. March 1822. (Contains eight plates. ) Foluta porcina, Lam. ,, olla, Linn, », undulata, Lam. 5, rubiginosa, Sw. ,, tuberculata, Sw. Mitra pertusa, Sw. Strombus tricornis, Humph. s gallus, Linn. {The Plates are not numbered; but the name of each species or variety illustrated is given at the bottom of each plate, printed, or written in ink, with the Author’s name attached and the source of the specimen. | Reissue of first edition, in part redrawn; with two additional parts. 1834—1835 ? This consists of six parts, the first four being a reissue with minor differences of the first issue, to which were added two new purts. The Titles on the front covers of Parts I-III are as follows :— ” ‘Exotic Conckology; | or | Figures and Descriptions | of | Rare, Beautiful, or Undescribed | Shells. | By | William Swainson, F.R.S. : & F.L.S. | Member of the Wernerian Society of Edinburgh, | Historic Society of New York, &. | Part I [2, 3] | containing [no contents are given] | London: | Printed for William Wood, Strand; and J. and A. Arch, Cornhill. | Price’ [amount written in ink] | ~ There was a slip inserted in Part Il referring to the first Series of the Ornithological Drawings, the ‘ Birds of Brazil’, by W. Swainson. It also states ‘“‘ Exotic Conchology, After the Third Part, the Price of the succeeding will be raised to non-subscribers from 10s. 6d, to 14s.” : The Titles on the Front Covers of Parts I[V—-VI are as follows:— “Dedicated | to | The Rev. Joseph Goodall, D.D. F.L.S. &c.| Provost of Eton. | Exotic Conchology; | or | Figures and Descriptions of Rare, Beautiful, or Undeseribed | Shells. | By | William Swainson, Esq. M.P.S. Camb. | and of several Foreign Academies. | Part 4 [5, 6]. | London: | Published by Baldwin and Craddock, Paternoster Row; and J. and J. Arch, Cornhill. | Prices. Plain 7s. Coloured 10s. 6d. (Non-Subscribers 148.) Double Plates (Sub- seribers) 15s. | Published every other Month, and to be completed in Six Parts.” | At the end of W. Swainson's ‘Elements of Modern Conchology ’, etc., London, 1835, appears the following Advertisement :— SHERBORN & REYNELL:! SWAINSON’S EXOTIC CONCHOLOGY. 281 “Exotic Conchology, or highly finished Drawings of some of the most rare costly or interesting Foreign Shells. Complete in seven parts. Royal Quarto each with 8 plates, price 10s. 6d. each part.” This seventh part, if it ever appeared (? a printer’s error), has not been seen. The Contents and Dates of Publication of the 1834-4 reissue and continuation are as follows, the dates being taken from the endorsements on the covers of Major-General Thomas Hardwicke’s copy in the British Museum (730 1. 24). Part I. Jany 15th, 1884. Engraved Title Page as follows :— Exotic | Conchology | or | Drawings and Descriptions | of Rare, Beautiful or Undescribed | Shells. | By | William Swainson, Esq. FRS. LS. PS Camb. | and of several Foreign Acadamies [s7c]. | London | Baldwin & Cradock J. & A. Arch. ‘Treuttel. Wurtz & Richter. W. Wood. | and by Robt. Havell, 77, Oxford St. | 1834 id letterpress, though it is possible that some copies were provided with loose text remaining over from the first issue. ] Contains 8 Plates Coloured and 8 Plates Plain, illustrating the same species as in the original issue; but they are not in the same order of arrangement. Part II. April Ist 1834. Contains 8 Plates Coloured and 8 Plates Plain, illustrating the same species as in the original issue with the exception of Plate 5, which is devoted to Strombus alatus, Gmel., instead of Strombus pugilis, var. Lin., as in the original issue. On Plate 16 one reads Anodonta sinuosis, Swain., instead of Anodonta sinuosa, Lamk., as in the original issue, but the shell is the same in both. Part III. June 2nd 1834. Contains 8 Plates Coloured and 8 Plates Plain, illustrating the same species as in the original issue. In Plate 20 the species illustrated is named Cymbiola elongata, Sw., and the other view Voluta elongata, Sw. In the original issue they both read Voluta elongata, Sw. Part 1V. Jany 12th 1835, Contains 8 Plates Coloured and 8 Plates Plain, illustrating the same species as in the original issue. Part V. Jany 12th 1835. Contains 8 Plates Coloured and 8 Plates Plain. Pl. 33. Voluta Junonia, Lam. », 34, 4, cymbum, Lin., Mus. D. Bainbridge, on Plain Plate. cymbium, Mus. Dome Bambridge, on Coloured Plate. 5, 35. Cypraea pulchella, Sw- ,, 36. 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