.MILIAR DISEASES OF THE DOG
DERN METHODS OF TREATMENT
7 TO FEED & HOW TO HOUSEBREAK

PROFUSELY ILLUSTRATED

Copyright, 1916, by Cecil ffrench

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PUBLISHED BY

The ffrench Remedy Company
WASHINGTON, D. C.
U.S. A,

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FOREWORD

It is fit and proper to explain and justify one’s existence. We
exist because the Dog Owners of North America, and to a less
extent of Europe, demand our existence, to the end that they
may be supplied with something, the like of which they are
unable to obtain from others. That something is our re-
markable line of Remedies. This line is modest in extent—
it consists only of some dozen different preparations—but it
represents the best of medicaments that can be intelligently
applied to the Dog by those who have not received a medical
training. It goes no further. There is no room for the
empirical or “sure-cure” type of dubious preparation amongst
The ffrench Remedies. Moreover, we have consistently re-
frained from placing in the hands of the laity preparations for
the treatment of obscure troubles, which for safe handling
require the special surgical knowledge of the qualified prac-
titioner. In this class of preparations belong, amongst others,
those for treatment of Disorders of the Urinary Apparatus
which are referred to elsewhere. Every one of The ffrench
Remedies can be employed with absolute safety. By this we
mean that there is not a single one which if administered in
the prescribed dose by mistake under the wrong conditions
can exert any ill-effect. It either does good or it does no
harm. And, as the reader peruses the following pages he
will become aware that in our productions we have limited
our efforts to those preparations which are practicable, that
we frankly advise him when he is. treading on dangerous
ground and should not trust to his own judgment in the
selecticn of remedies, and that we do not seek to inveigle him
into buying any preparation the use of which is not positively
indicated. Everything we offer has time without number in
the past, in the hands of our satisfied patrons, done what it
purports to do, and we feel we can conscientiously solicit
those who are still strangers to the excellent qualities of our
preparations to use The ffrench Remedies in preference to all
others.

As to the value of what is written in the following pages
we leave it to the judgment of the reader, confident that he
will find it teeming with useful information put before him in
a manner interesting, easily understood and novel—something
quite different from that to which he has hitherto been ac-
customed.

The ffrench Remedy Company
Washington, D. C.

HOW TO FEED

PROPER FOODSTUFFS. By nature the dog is carniv-
orous. This means that his natural diet, like that of his
cousin the wolf, is flesh. Under domesticat.on the dog has
become omnivorous so that his appetite prompts him to par-
take of a wide range of foodstuffs. An absolute flesh diet
would be well assimilated by the domesticated dog if he had
to roam and hunt for his nutriment as does the wolf, for
in so doing he would secure the amount of exercise neces-
sary to maintain his digestive, assimilative and excretory
organs in good working order. But, during his long asso-
ciation with human beings the dog has been permitted, with
some few exceptions, to live a life of indolent ease with con-
sequent sluggishness of body functions so that it has been
found best to modify his natural diet, and whilst still main-
taining the meat element, to substitute for part of it some-
thing else. Experiments have shown that it is possible to
maintain a dog weighing 85 pounds while at rest in a state
of nutritive equilibrium on 314 pounds of lean meat daily.
If fat to the amount of 5 or 6 ounces is substituted for a
portion of the lean meat he can be kept in the same condi-
tion on less than 3 pounds of the latter. In place of fat,
sugar and starch may be used since they act in the same
manner as fat. When meat and sugar or starch are eaten a
domesticated dog will gain in weight more rapidly than
when meat alone is fed. Starch can be supplied in the form
of cereals and stale whole-wheat bread is one of the best
of the cereals for this purpose; oatmeal, cornmeal, hominy
and rice closely following. A well-balanced ration for the
average healthy adult dog consists of part lean meat and
part composed of any one of the farinaceous elements enu-
merated above, well cooked together by boiling; but table
scraps, properly proportioned, may be utilized for this pur-
pose. The proportion of one to the other depends on the
amount of daily exercise to which each dog is accustomed
and must be ascertained by observation, but it should be
borne in mind that a largely representative farinaceous or
starchy diet is very poorly assimilated in the dog. For this
reason, potatoes, which are rich in starch, are not proper nu-
triment. This brings us to the subject of Milk. Whilst it
is possible to maintain an adult, developed dog in nutritive
equilibrium on an absolute diet of cow’s milk for quite a
long time, this substance, not being as rich as bitch’s milk,
is quite insufficient for developing puppies and so it becomes

necessary to modify it to conform in nutritive elements to
the latter, which is a simple procedure and easily undertaken.
Modified milk becomes necessary in those cases where the
maternal supply is inadequate to meet the demand of a husky
litter and where, on account of the death of the mother, it
is incumbent to substitute artificial feeding; and whilst not
exactly necessary, may be advantageously “employed to tide
over the weaning process at from 6 to 8 weeks of age, which
is always more or less of a set-back to all puppies for a few
days till the digestive processes adapt themselves to the
new conditions.

In every 100 parts of average cow’s milk there are approxi-
mately 4 parts each of casein and fats, the two important
nutritive elements in milk, whereas in every 100 parts of
bitch’s milk there are approximately 10 parts each of casein
and fats. From this it will be seen that there are about 2%
times more of these elements in bitch’s milk than in cow’s
milk. Cow’s milk can be made to approximate bitch’s milk
by allowing it to simmer on the stove till it has evaporated
to somewhat more than half of its original volume, but we
have a far more convenient form of evaporated cow’s milk at
hand in the shape of the ordinary canned evaporated milk ob-
tainable at any grocery store. This has been evaporated in the
proportion of 4 to 1. By diluting this with an equal volume of
warm water, we get very near to the composition of bitch’s
milk, and there is the additional advantage of the canned
milk being already sterilized and moreover it does not sour
readily. Therefore, a can of condensed milk (the unsweetened
variety) added to an equal volume of warm water makes as
nearly as is practicable the proper modified milk for puppies.

In view of what we now know concerning the readiness
of microbes to develop rapidly in milk and the tendency
such microbes have to cause intestinal troubles in puppies,
which are the cause of so much grave-digging, it cannot
be too strongly urged that all utensils concerned in artifi-
cial feeding as well as the nutriment itself be sterilized by
boiling immediately before feeding. On no account should sour
milk ever be permitted to any puppy, for untold possibilities of
bowel disorder lurk within it, and puppies, unlike hogs, are far
from being immune to ordinary intestinal infection. Artificial
feeding is best conducted in the manner shown in the accom-
panying illustrations,

The employment of the medicine-dropper or ink-filler with
its small rubber bulb to serve as a nipple is essential for
wee puppies and it is, of course, necessary to puncture a hole
in the end of the bulb and to close the hole with the finger
when drawing the nutriment up into the tube. In the case
of the larger puppies one can begin at once with the regular
feeding bottle and nipple. Nursing puppies of tender age
must be frequently fed both day and night. At the age of
four weeks, most puppies will begin to lap up liquids, or
they may be taught to do this by sticking their muzzles
down in a bowl of milk so that they will lick off that which
adheres to their lips. Six weeks is the weaning age, by
which time they should be freely partaking from the bowl of
either modified milk, milk combined with any one of the
patent foods, or milk combined with well-cooked oatmeal,
which ration should form the weaning diet. From the time
when the puppies first begin their lessons in self- feeding
until they are taken away from the mother, the latter
should be fed separately and prevented from eating the pup-
pies’ food, so that neither partakes of what is intended for
the other. Beginning at eight weeks a regular developing
diet to include meat should “be substituted. When a puppy
is once introduced to meat it usually thereafter craves it
and difficulty may be experienced in getting it to continue
to partake of milk. Milk, however, should still be offered,
i. e., straight cow’s milk now, since the necessity no longer
exists to modify it, the elements lacking being secured in
the meat. In the chapter on Worms it is explained what
relationship a diet of milk bears to the development of these
parasites. The feeding of puppies should be unstinted and
should be pushed so as to bring about rapid development,
but in aged and fat animals it is very often highly beneficial
to ease up on the food supply even to the point of enforcing
a fast of a few days. It should be remembered that a
healthy dog in good condition can survive a fast of one
month without sustaining any ill-effect and will actually
live three months before starving to death, provided he is
permitted to assuage his thirst all the time. As regards the
feeding of bones, ‘the practice is risky and serves no good
purpose. In the remarks on The Teeth elsewhere reference
is made to the uselessness of permitting bone-gnawing with
the object of “keeping the teeth clean.” It cannot be de-
nied that dogs get a good deal of enjoyment out of bone-
gnawing, and if bones are given with that object in view
they should be of such size as to render it impossible for
the animal to break them up and swallow the fragments, for
sharp bone-fragments, particularly those of chickens, often
become lodged in the throat or wedged between the teeth

from which they are removed with difficulty, and many a
dog has been destroyed, supposedly suffering from rabies,
when it was merely making a frantic effort to dislodge a
bone from its jaws. Splintered bones are very apt to wound
the walls of the stomach and even to perforate the organ
and bring about fatal peritonitis. Finally, old dogs com-
monly suffer from impaction of the bowels caused by lodg-
ment of bone-grit that has failed to become dissolved or
digested in the stomach. When it is considered necessary
to feed bone, as in rickets, it should be given in a shaved
condition by means of the machines in use by poultry
breeders.

There are many different commercial foods on the market,
all of which attract a certain following. But, it is hardly
necessary to state that anything of this nature cannot be
compared with fresh foodstuffs, not only from the point
of view of nutritive qualities, but from a consideration of
the dog’s enjoyment of his life. Under certain circumstances
dog biscuits are very convenient such as during hot weather
and whenever there is difficulty in obtaining a supply of fresh
meat. They are, in general, rather expensive and most of
them offer one great objection in that they tend to produce
relaxation of the bowels. Some dogs won’t eat them at all.

Raw eggs are highly recommended to promote the growth
of the coat in long-haired animals. Fish may be given once
a week for a change from the regular diet. Certain breeds
such as those of Japanese and Chinese origin have from time
immemorial been raised and maintained on a diet composed
largely of fish and riceé with never a taste of meat. It is
hardly necessary to add that animals of such breeds should
be fed on a diet to which they are accustomed. Vegetables
are not natural to a dog and he does not need them, but if
he likes them, no harm will be done by allowing them.
Contrary to what is of such importance in a human being,
a dog does not need to masticate and it is not wrong for
him to bolt his food. The reason is stated in the chapter
on The Teeth. But, meat should always be cut up fine
and intimately mixed with whatever is added to it, otherwise
the animal is apt to pick out the tid-bits and leave the re-
mainder.

Another popular fallacy is that a stick of sulphur should be
kept constantly in the dog’s pan of drinking water. Inasmuch
as sulphur is insoluble in water it can hardly impart to the
latter any nutritive or medicinal value. Sulphur is a good
mechanical laxative but it must be actually administered in con-
siderable amount to exert any effect, so that a sulphur stick
placed in the water is useless.

NUMBER OF MEALS DAILY. Frequent feeding of
puppies is always indicated. Those of the small and me-
dium sized breeds should be fed four times daily, whilst
those of the largest breeds, in which rapid growth is desired,
should be fed five times daily. As the puppy advances to
maturity the number of times should be reduced until at the
adult stage he should receive not more than two meals
daily, consisting of a light one in the morning and a heavy
one at night. Most packs of hunting breeds receive but one
meal a day. A nursing bitch naturally requires a some-
what augmented food supply so that she may maintain her-
self in condition to properly nourish her offspring. A strong
meat diet at such times induces a copious secretion of milk.
Great care, however, should be exercised not to overfeed
such an animal, particularly when the puppies are three or
four weeks of age, as the appetite of the mother is then
usually quite voracious and if permitted, the latter is apt
to partake of more than she can digest with the result that
she may suffer an attack of acute indigestion and be thrown
into violent spasms, from whch she can only obtain relief
by being made to eject the contents of her stomach. In
fact, most cases of “Fits” in dogs of either sex are caused
by acute indigestion, particularly during hot weather and
when the animals are allowed to exercise a short time after
having a full feed.

Food should always be offered at regular feeding hours and
anything left uneaten must be withdrawn and not left within
reach of the animal.

HOW TO GIVE MEDICINES

Happily, this is extremely easy with The ffrench Remedies.
[he ffrench Remedies are compounded according to the
principles of modern medication of the dog, first introduced
to the public by Dr. ffrench in 1897, when he produced his
inimitable little Vermicide Capsules, and that he was correct
in his judgment that the time was ripe for an improvement
over antiquated methods has since been abundantly demon-
strated by the success that has attended their introduction
and by the many attempts at imitation that have been made
by others. Every one of The ffrench Remedies intended _ for
internal administration is in concentrated and tasteless form
either as a soft elastic Capsule or as a still smaller solid
Globule. The advantages are obvious, for there is no un-
pleasant taste to arouse the distrust and antagonism of the
patient, there is assurance that the whole of the intended
dose will reach its destination, and in those rarer instances
where rebellion makes it almost impossible to administer
medicine in any form in the direct manner, resort may be had
to stratagem and the little dose passed off on the unsuspect-
ing animal by burying it in a morsel of meat. These facts
will be better appreciated when it is learned that in the
breeding of Silver Foxes, an industry which has reached im-
mensely valuable proportions, The ffrench Remedies are al-
most exclusively used. The same is true with regard to
Cats which are never very tractable for dosing. In these days
of enlightenment and attainment in the sciences of chemistry
and pharmacy there is absolutely no reason to force a dog
to swallow a dose of nauseous liquid, and any remedy put
up in that form is evidence that the ways of the compounder
have scarcely evolved beyond those of the dark ages.

The following procedure should be observed in administer-
ing a Capsule or Globule: Give one at a time. Open the
mouth by pressing the cheeks between the teeth with the
thumb and fingers and drop the object on the back of the
tongue and immediately by quick movement with the thumb
or finger, or with a round piece of wood about the size of a
lead pencil with a smooth end, ram the object down the
throat as far as can be reached, when it will be swallowed.
There is no danger of ramming it too far or of pushing it
the wrong way. If it is not swallowed, pour a little milk or
water into the mouth with a teaspoon. Do not wet the ob-
ject, thinking to make the administration easier. Hold the
jaws closed until the object is swallowed. When it is neces-
sary to resort to stratagem, procure small chunks of meat or
cut well-boiled liver into little blocks, make a slit in each
chunk or block, push the object within, close the openings,
even by sewing them together if necessary, hold them before

the patient in the open hand and offer them to him one at
a time.

HOW TO HOUSEBREAK

To housebreak a puppy is quite a simple procedure
provided proper methods, common sense and patience are
observed. There is no need to bully a puppy to teach it
habits of cleanliness; kindly instruction is all that is needed.
Its education in this respect should commence as soon as
it is weaned, and, it is hardly necessary to add, must take
place in the house where the lesson is to be permanently
applied, and not in a kennel. The puppy should always be
turned out immediately after partaking of food as that is
the time when it most desires to relieve itself, the entrance
of food into the stomach causing increased bowel move-
ments. During the day time it should be turned out of doors
some five or six times and allowed to reenter the moment
it has relieved itself. When caught in the act of uncleanli-
ness it should be rebuked promptly by word of mouth and
perhaps a light cuff and immediately turned outside, but it is
worse than useless to rebuke or punish it upon the owner
coming into a room to find it has misbehaved in his absence;
more than likely it will not then connect the rebuke with the
forbidden act, and no lesson will be learned. No puppy likes
to soil the bed on which it reposes, and bearing this fact in
mind, it is a good plan to restrict its range at night time to
an enclosure just large enough to contain its bed, allowing
it to run outside immediately before retiring and the very
first thing in the morning before it has time to move else-
where on the floor. By observing these instructions, most
puppies will quickly learn good habits, but this presupposes
that the condition of the bowels is healthy and there is no
diarrhea, in which case it is better to keep the animal where
it can have free access to the soil, or if the climate does not
permit, to spread a newspaper on the floor with a mound of
fresh earth scattered over it. Worms are often the cause of
diarrhea so one must take care to get rid of the worms.

GET the WORMS WITHOUT GETTING the PUP

10

INFLAMMATION OF THE EYES
FILM OVER THE EYES
NATURE OF INFLAMMATION OF THE EYES. We

can only treat here of the simplest forms of eye-trouble, 1. e.,
inflammation of the whites or conjunctiva and of the trans-
parent portion of the front of the eye, known as the cornea.
This kind of inflammation is very common. We see it in
most cases of Distemper, in some cases of Skin Disease,
and very often existing alone and unassociated with any
other trouble and sometimes confined solely to the cornea
A flesh-colored growth occasionally occurs in the inner angle
of the eye, which is to be distinguished from inflammation.

CAUSE. It is always caused by pus-producing Microbes
which may either invade the tissues when the vitality is
lowered, as during the course of an infectious disease, or
through a minute wound caused by some foreign body such
as a particle of dust or the rubbing of an eyelash from a mal-
formed eyelid.

SYMPTOMS. The blood vessels of the conjunctiva be-
come injected and a watery secretion at first forms and runs
over the lids which are nearly closed and constantly winked.
To this secretion is soon added matter or pus, which collects
at the corners of the lids and at night time glues the lids
together. According to the intensity of the inflammation the
animal may exhibit considerable pain especially in strong
light. When the cornea is involved a spot or film of varying
density extends over it, which may be grayish, whitish, or
reddish.

The flesh-colored growth alluded to above, is always seen
at the inner angle of the eyelids growing out from under-
neath the third eyelid or haw. It is to be distinguished from
prominence of the latter, which occurs quite commonly
from congestion.

TREATMENT. The first step is to search for and remove
any active irritant and cleanse the eye of any pus that has
collected. This is best done by means of dry absorbent
cotton which enmeshes the pus much better than does wet
cotton. When there is caked matter on the edges of the
eyelids, it may be necessary to use warm water to remove
it. After the pus has been removed, the lids must be spread
apart and some of our “ff’ EYE POWDER dropped right
on the cornea and beneath the lids. The dry powder causes
an almost immediate secretion of tears by which it is soon
dissolved and carried all over the eye. There is absolutely
no pain attached to the procedure, though some dogs at first

11

Dr. Cecil ffrench’s
WODERN DOG MEMEDIES 4

“ff? KYEK POW DER

“ff?” EYE POWDER consists of a finely triturated
powder which is dropped right on to the eye-ball. This
causes an almost immediate secretion of tears which quickly
dissolve the powder and carry it all over the eye so that
the whole of the latter is bathed in the healing fluid. A
rather novel method of medication, but one which works
to perfection.

his preparation is indicated for all inflammatory con-
ditions of the Eyes, such as Film over the Eye, Ulcers,
Suppuration during Distemper or from other causes, an
Wounds. Besides the healing ingredients, it contains 1% of
chloretone, a remarkable drug which has a benumbing effect
on the irritated nerves and thereby allays pain and sensi-
tiveness of the parts.

PRICE
Pers Vialins USA tec siete tcieicatieocewesecsooneee 50c
in’ Canada cc :<cssccncseeaec cee ose eceteee secre $1.
in GreatBritain(s-c225. 65. asses occese nese 5s.
in, France (Meicsioosscatocccsot cee Fr.6

regard the powder as a foreign body and attempt to rub the
eve to displace it. After the first two or three applications
and the soothing ingredients of the powder have had time
to annul all feeling in the eye, there is no further objection.
This treatment should be carried out three times daily and
persisted in until the eye has cleared up. As a rule, severe
inflammations of the eye are very slow to recover, sometimes
taking weeks to clear up completely.

The growth from underneath the third eyelid cannot be
effaced by applications but must be removed by surgical!
means,

CANKER OF THE EAR

NATURE OF CANKER OF THE EAR. This disease
is simply an inflammation or Eczema of the Ear, the same as
Eczema occuring in any other part of the body. Some
writers refer to “internal” and ‘‘external” Canker. This is a
mistake. There is only one Canker of the Ear and that
occurs in the canal or passage of the Ear. It is extremely
rare that the disease involves the drum or internal parts of
the organ. Sometimes we see ulceration on the edges of the
flap which is nearly always a complication of, and second-,
ary to, Canker of the passage, and which results from violent
shaking of the earflaps owing to the irritation set up by the
inflammation in the passage. This violent shaking some-
times results in bruising and the formation of a tumor-like
enlargement of the flap. Therefore, when these conditions
are seen the ear passages should always be examined for
Canker.

CAUSE. The actual cause of Canker is the same as that
of Eczema, namely, a local infection depending on the loss
of the resistant power of the Blood-cells. But, the Microbes
do not start up in business without some condition favoring
their purpose. The condition is irritation of the parts en-
gendered by an accumulation of wax, dirt and moisture. It
is noteworthy that Canker occurs most frequently in dogs
with pendent ears, such as Setters and Pointers, and rarely
in dogs with erect or cropped ears. This is because in the
former case there is little chance for ventilation and evapora-
tion of moisture, so that the accumulated wax and dirt in the
unexposed passage are pent up and converted into a ferment-
ing compost-heap and when we remember that there is no
possibility of drainage but that the corruption is retained in
a sort of pocket, it is small wonder that inflammation and
sores are brought about.

13

SYMPTOMS. In the acute form of Canker the ani-
mal incessantly shakes its head, scratches its ear or rubs
them along the ground. Examination of the ear reveals the
skin of the inside hot, congested and tender, whilst the
passage and recesses are coated with more or less wax and
dirt. As the inflammation progresses, suppuration takes place
and a fetid, purulent liquid is observed within the passage.
One can always recognize the presence of ulcers and pus
by the characteristic suction sound given forth upon manipulation
of the base of the ear. If the disease exists on one side only
the head is inclined to that direction as if the animal were
trying to drain away the pus.

TREATMENT. First of all, the inside of the ear must
be thoroughly cleaned. This means that all the wax, dirt
and pus must be removed from the passage and recesses. This
can be done by irrigating the parts with moderately hot
water by means of a gentle stream from a fountain syringe.
Or, a piece of absorbent cotton can be tied to the blunt end
of a crochet-hook or to any small stick having a knob, and
this used as a swab to clean out the ear. This procedure may
cause some pain, but it is an unavoidable evil and must be
undertaken. After the ear has been thoroughly cleaned some
of our CANKER GRANULE solution must be applied to the
ulcers. Very little of the solution is needed, about half an
eye-dropper full. It must be dropped into the passage and
worked all over the inner parts and recesses by manipulating
the outside of the ear at its base, between thumb and finger.
The dog’s head should be held firmly whilst this is being done ~
as he may attempt to shake out the solution. The solution
should be retained within the ear for several minutes and the
dog then turned loose to shake it out. This procedure must
be repeated twice daily in severe cases and once daily in light
cases, the preliminary cleaning always being done first, until
the parts have healed. There is sometimes a greater dis-
charge of pus after the first few applications, but no notice
need be taken of this, as it is a favorable sign.

Ulcers on the edge of the flap are to be treated in the same
way by direct application of the solution, any ulcers in the
passage being treated at the same time. They are sometimes
very stubborn and there should be no expectation of effecting
their healing until the trouble in the passage and recesses is
under control, i. e. until the inside irritation has subsided.

The relationship between Eczema and Canker of the Ear
has been pointed out. For this reason internal treatment in
the latter is no less important than in the former, and whilst
the local inflammation is being combatted by the means out-
lined above, the internal economy should be regulated by
administration of our TONIC GLOBULES.

The tumor-like complications must be treated by an expert
veterinarian. :

14

CANKER GRANULES

[Non-poisonous]

This i is anon- poisonous healing Antiseptic highly poten-
tial in its capacity to destroy all Microbes that cause
CANKER of the EAR, CANKER of the MOUTH,
BLACK TONGUE, and ULCERS elsewhere. Its applic
cation to raw surfaces and ulcers causes no pain whatever
and the rapid beneficial results following its use are truly
remarkable. This Remedy may be absolutely relied on
for terminating hitherto intractable Canker of the Ear and
of the Mouth and Ulcers in any part of the body. In
Black Tongue it must be used in the early stages of the
disease before general blood- -poisoning has set in, as its
action is purely local and there is no known remedy that
will Save a dog i in the advanced stages of blood- -poisoning
in which Black Tongue usually terminates.

PRICE
Beer Vielen. SA enh tscedssoecsesbekdony, cameos, 50c
RIMM ata yeaa ees eae raat eos ee cee $1.
iniGreat Britain =... sscssevt os eee coe 5s
MINPTANCE sees sec cec te oes See ee one nesens Fr. 6

THE TEETH AND CANKER OF THE
MOUTH

Deposits of Tartar are very commonly seen on the teeth of
house dogs and lead toea very objectionable condition known
as Canker of the Mouth. Tartar is precipitated from the
saliva in which it is excreted from the body in soluble form.
This tartar, which is seen as a yellowish or greenish brown
deposit, collects mostly at the base of the external face of
the upper teeth, mostly on the molars and eye teeth, by con-
stant accretion. The deposit gradually works its way into
the socket in which the root of the tooth is embedded until
the tooth becomes loosened and eventually drops out, the
process causing an inflammation of the gums (Rige’s Dis-
ease) which progressively becomes worse until the cankered
stage is reached. The odor from the mouth finally becomes
intolerably foul. Whenever a dog has a bad breath, the
reason for the same should first be sought amongst the teeth.
This brings us to the question of giving bones and hard dog
biscuits “to keep the teeth clean.” From time immemorial
every dog owner has had drummed into him this idea of bone
and biscuit eatine to keep the teeth clean. Never was greater
nonsense written. As already stated, tartar, which consti-
tutes dental uncleanliness, collects at the base or neck of the
teeth where any rubbing process of bone or biscuit against
tooth is impossible. On the other hand, bones are splendid
tooth-wearers. One need only look at the teeth of a dog that
has habitually gnawed bones to be convinced that these
organs would have been in better state of preservation had
they not been so used. Moreover, splintered and sharp bones
are often the cause of fatal obstruction or perforation of
some part of the alimentary tract. It is decidedly risky to
allow dogs to eat bones. If it is desired to give bone as a
foodstuff, it should be shaved by means of the machines in
use by poultry breeders and fed in a finely divided condition.
Another fallacy mostly preached by the patent food manu-
facturers is that food should be given dry to stimulate a flow
of saliva and thereby aid digestion. Whilst this is perfectly
true in the case of human beings, horses and cows, it is ~
exactly the opposite in the dog, for the saliva of the dog hap-
pens to be inert and has no digestive function to perform
whatever. It is for this very reason that dogs rarely suffer
from decayed teeth as do human beings. In human beings
the saliva converts starchy matter into digestible sugar and
this sugar is further converted into lactic acid and this acid
causes decay of the teeth. The saliva of the dog not having

16

the power to convert starchy matter into sugar, no lactic acid
is formed and no true decay of the teeth takes place. Asa
matter of fact, there is no need for a dog to masticate as
there is for a human being. It is the stomach and the intes-
tines that do the digestive work in the dog. If we watch a
dog eating a large piece of meat we notice that he passes it
to the back of his jaw and chews on it till his teeth have
divided it into portions small enough for him to swallow,
whereupon he gulps it down. There are two powerful molars
in the back of the jaw, one in the upper and the other in the
lower, opposite each other. These two molars have a scissor-
like action and are the all-important teeth of the dog. He
can get along without all the others, but these two molars
are most important to him for cutting up his food, and if he
loses them his food should be cut up for him. The eye-
teeth serve as weapons of offence and defence, and the
smaller front incisor teeth are merely for prehensile purposes.
So that a dog doesn’t have to masticate and nobody need
be alarmed if he “bolts” his food, which is quite correct for
him to do.

A trouble not uncommonly seen in the mouths of puppies is
WARTS. The latter are contagious from one puppy to an-
other, but they do not remain long in evidence and always
disappear in the course of two or three weeks. They have
the appearance of miniature cauliflowers and are whitish in
color and may be isolated or confluent. They are seen on
the inner surface of the Cheeks and Lips, on the Gums, and
sometimes on the Tongue. When numerous they interfere
with eating, are accompanied with a disagreeable odor and
‘nay cause drooling of saliva.

TREATMENT. Tartar Deposits must be scraped off with
a small dental chisel. Dogs that are subject to these desposits
generally need attention to their teeth about once in six
months. When there is odor present indicating disease of
the sockets, our CANKER GRANULES should be used.
Disease of the sockets is a far more dangerous condition than
is generally believed, for the Microbes in the foul accumula-
tions tend to enter the circulation and attack internal organs,
notably the valves of the heart, causing heart disease. Loose
teeth should always be extracted as they serve no purpose
by remaining in the jaw and are often the cause of pain and
discomfort to the animal.

Warts never require treatment. They should be left alone
for they will eventually disappear as spontaneously as they
arose. The odorous secretion to which they give rise should

be treated with the CANKER GRANULES.

17

BLACK TONGUE

This is an exceedingly infectious disease which sometimes
sweeps through the dogs of an entire community, particularly in
the South, where it annually causes a heavy mortality. It is not
communicable to human beings but as it may easily be confused
with rabies by the uninitiated, great caution should always be
observed in handling a case. The disease involves not only the
tongue and mouth, but the entire alimentary tract and results in
death from general blood poisoning. All acute cases, and most
of them. are such, are hopeless from the start, but on general
principles treatment should be attempted.

SYMPTOMS. The animal is invariably depressed and a
very bad odor emanates from the mouth on opening which
a peculiar redness of the edges of the gums is to be noticed.
The appetite is entirely lost and there is intense thirst with
drooling of a ropy saliva. As the disease progresses the
mouth becomes filled with a bloody saliva, the gums ulcerate,
the tip of the tongue assumes a purple and finally chocolate
color and the animal objects to the mouth being handled.
Vomiting takes place, looseness of the bowels is nearly
always present, and if the skin is picked up it stands in the
position in which it is left. Finally, just before death, the
extremities become cold and clammy, and the animal falls into
a comatose state. Contrasted with paralytic rabies, in which
the tongue also becomes discolored, there is in the latter. no
dead or putrefying tissue and in rabies control of the lower
jaw is more or less lost, the hind-quarters become paralyzed,
and the whole demeanor of the animal is peculiar.

TREATMENT. A solution made from our CANKER
GRANULES should be freely used in the mouth several times
daily and the ENTERIC GLOBULES administered internal-
ly. In an effort to limit the activities of the causative mi-
crobes, the affected animal should be isolated and all surfaces
with which it has come in contact thoroughly washed with
a strong solution made with the “ff? ANTISEPTIC
TABULES, all litter being burned.

All the vaunted so-called Cures for this formidable disease
which are to be seen advertised in the kennel papers should
be left well alone and the claims of the vendors regarded as
fakes.

The Terror of Wormville
The little Capsule that has built up a BIG BUSINESS

INTESTINAL WORMS

purposes there are but three varieties of worms with

which we need concern ourselves. These varieties
are: the ROUND-WORM, the TAPE-WORM and the
HOOK-WORM.

De... KINDS OF WORMS. For all practical

The two former are found all over the United - States,
whilst the latter is most common in the Southern States and
not at all uncommon in the Middle States. ©

The intestine of the puppy seems to offer a’ soil particu-
larly adapted to the development of _ ROUND-WORMS.
This does not mean that this variety does not occur in
alder dogs, for it does, but whilst we nearly always find
round-worms in puppies we do not so often find in them
the other varieties. On the other hand, we more often find
TAPE-WORMS in adult animals.

HOW DO DOGS GET WORMS? It is quite common to
hear the expression “Do not feed milk to your dog as it
will cause worms.” This is arrant nonsense. As with all
other forms of animal life, so with intestinal worms, they
cannot be developed in the intestine of the dog or anywhere
else except as the offspring of pre-existing worms dwelling
in the intestine of some other dog. Milk cannot cause
worms any more than dough-nuts. Milk, however, being the
most assimilable of all foods, equally as well to worms as to
dogs, brings about their rapid development after they have
already obtained access to the intestine. The puppy drinks
the milk, and digests it, and before absorption into the
system can take place, the worm, having lain back, taken
things easy, and let the puppy do all the preparatory work,
so to speak, gobbles it up as fast as it comes along. Instead

19

ROUND-WORMS (Natural Size). At different stages of growth.

of the puppy getting the benefit, the worm gets it, and that
is the reason why milk apparently “causes” worms.

This is how puppies get ROUND-WORMS: Any dog
harboring round-worms, passes innumerable eggs which have
been deposited within the intestinal canal by the worms.
These eggs are microscopic in size and are disseminated
pretty well everywhere. They find lodgment on the teats of
the mother and are therefrom taken into the mouth of the
puppy and swallowed along with the milk, or they can
get into the mouth of the puppy when it noses about on the
ground or wherever it may be.

TAPE-WORMS develop in a very different manner. No
dog can get tape-worm direct from the egg of that worm.
It requires another living animal to butt in between the
egg and the dog. Any dog harboring tape-worms passes
individual segments or links of segments of such worms
(the so-called “Maw-worms’). These segments which are
nothing more than envelopes containing millions of eggs,
quickly ripen after passage, and their exterior membrane
drying, they split asunder and disseminate the eggs far and
wide. Dogs may swallow these eggs, but if they do, nothing
results, as without passing through, and undergoing certain
morphologic changes in the body of some other intermediate
animal they cannot develop into tape-worms. If, however,
these eggs be swallowed by certain other animals, notably
the ox, sheep, rabbit, flea, louse, they develop in the bodies
of these latter into a sort of “half-way” or immature form
of tape-worm, and if a dog swallows the body or portion
of the body of one of these intermediate animals, the diges-
tive juices of the dog’s intestinal canal straightway set loose
the latent “half-way” worm and it immediately begins to
develop into a complete tape-worm. Tape-worms are always
more common in the late fall and winter than at any other
time of year, and the reason is not far to seek, for the species
of tape-worm most commonly found in the dog dwells in its
intermediate form in the body of the dog-flea, and every-
body knows that in summer time the dog-flea is more preva-
lent than at any other time of the year. When parts of the
larger animals contain the immature form of tape-worm and
the parts are subjected to thorough boiling, the worm is
destroyed, and this is a strong argument in favor of cooking
all meat offered to the dog. But, as it is not always conve-

21

One of the commoner species of TAPE-WORMS (Natural Size.) Note the
minute “head” at the fine extremity and the ripened and detached segments at the
other extremity (the so-called ““Maw-worms”). Some of the other species of Tape-
worms are shaped somewhat differently, the segments being broader and shorter.

nient to cook fleas and lice, and it is practically impossible to
keep dogs free of them, the development of tape-worms
seems inevitable, and we must take steps to get rid of these
parasites before they have time to get rid of the dog.
HOOK-WORMS are acquired in still a different manner.
As in the case of the other species of worms, the eggs are
passed and scattered far and wide. The eggs then hatch
after an incubative period of from three or four to several
days, the time taken depending on the temperature. A
certain amount of moisture is also necessary. The hatching
egg gives exit to a larval form of the worm. This larval
form is ripe for entrance into the body of the first dog that
comes along. It can enter directly by passing through the
mouth or it can even penetrate the skin and get into the
blood vessels and ultimately reach the intestine, and there
develops into a mature worm and starts another generation.
HOW ARE DOGS AFFECTED BY WORMS? SYMPTOMS
OF THE PRESENCE OF WORMS. All intestinal worms are
essentially parasites or “grafters.” They live entirely on the
product of labor of the dog and steal from him _ the
nourishment which should go to build up his body or keep
the same body in fit condition. But it does not
stop at that, for they very often stir things up in
their snug retreat to such an extent that the nervous system
is rudely jarred and there results a “fit.” And even that
isn’t all. Like all other animal creatures, worms throw off
excreta of their own and these excreta being cast off into
the intestine, are absorbed into the system of the dog, and
cause all sorts of secondary disorders, amongst them being
skin eruptions, rheumatic lameness and lesions in various
parts of the body. And, to go still a step further, by their
gnawing and biting habits (for some of them hang on tight
to the wall of the intestine for fear of losing a soft snap)
they start up inflammation and this inflammation is liable to
become so severe as to lead to hemorrhage and death.
Thus we may observe the following symptoms according
as to which variety of worm is present:
ROUND-WORMS.—One can always proceed safely on
the assumption that every puppy has round-worms, and the
symptoms should not be awaited if none have appeared by
weaning time. The symptoms are a ravenous appetite,
bloating after a meal giving the appearance of the so-called

HOOK-WORMS (Natural Size).

“pot-belly,” an tnmistakeable wormy breath, whitening of
the mucous membranes, particularly of the gums, occasion-
ally the vomiting or passing of a worm, maybe a yellowish
diarrhea, and worst of all—fits.

TAPE-WORMS.—In tape-worm infestation the symptoms
are not constant. But the most apparent and most import-
ant as a means of recognition of the trouble is an irregular
or ravenous appetite during which all sorts of foreign sub-
stances may be devoured with apparent relish, and failure
on the part of the dog to get fat in proportion to the
amount of food it consumes. The coat generally becomes
dry and harsh and unthrifty in appearance, the feces covered
with slime or streaked with blood. Examination of the
feces may show segments of the worm adherent to their
surface. Sometimes the segments appear free at the anus
and crawl on to the surrounding hair or even drop on to the
floor and crawl across the latter. It is this ability of inde-
pendent motion which makes some people regard them as a
distinct variety or so-called “maw-worm.” They are able
to move by reason of the contraction of bands of muscular
tissue which extend down their sides, but the motion is
entirely aimless and dependent solely on the stimulus
received from the surrounding temperature. Passage of the
segments causes considerable itching which induces the
animal to drag its anus along the ground. Fits often take
place. Finally, it must be remembered that a dog may har-
bor one or more tape-worms without showing any appre-
ciable symptoms and the only safe course to pursue is to
treat regularly in anticipation of them.

HOOK-WORMS.—This form of parasitic infestation is
more insidious in its indications than either of the others.
The dog fails to thrive in spite of generous feeding and
care. The appetite is indifferent and the animal is lazy.
There is a decided paleness of the gums and whites of the
eyes. Blood and slime are frequently passed and in advanced
cases there is a bloody diarrhea. Sometimes the nose
bleeds. A lameness in one or more legs is often present,
which before the real state of affairs is recognized is
attributed to rheumatism. It is not often the worms are
seen in the stools.

cw)
or

VERMICIDE CAPSULES

There is probably no Dog Remedy so widely known
and so implicitly relied on by Dog Owners throughout the
United States and Canada as these great little VERMICIDE
CAPSULES. There is no other Worm Remedy, put up
in any form whatever, that possesses the wonderful Com-
bination feature which distinguishes V.Cs., namely,
that of destroying and expelling with equal promptness and
efficacy all three of the great parasitic scourges of
the Dog—the Tape Worm, the Round Worm, and
the Hook Worm. No other Worm Remedy covers the
ground so completely. Furthermore, VERMICIDE CAP-
SULES are absolutely harmless, even to the most delicate
animal. WERMICIDE CAPSULES “‘deliver the goods”
and get the worms without getting the pup. When you go
fishing, take along your dog and a box of VCs.
V.Cs. come in two sizes, the Regular size for all dogs of
ordinary size, including puppies, and the Special size for
toy dogs and very delicate puppies. For dogs suffering
from Hookworm alone, there is a SPECIAL HOOK-
WORM CAPSULE, which contains a concentration of
the ingredient that destroys this particular variety of
worm, but it is only for use when the Hookworm is the
sole parasite present.

PRICE

Per Box of 6 Capsules in U. S.A. .............0.+5- 25c
in Canada! a222s-cesceescceeceee ane 50c

in Great Britain ............-..-+- 2s. 6d.

in France’ .0csnoscsccee eee Fr.3

Per Kennel Box of 100 Capsules in U. S.A.... $3.
in’ Canada’ ---c...---e $5.

in Great Britain ... 21s.

in France ............ Fr. 25

Special Hookworm Capsules same price.
Each size and form of Capsule comes packed only in boxes
of 6 and 100. No boxes containing mixed sizes are sold.

26

WHEN SHOULD VERMICIDE BE GIVEN ?—Whenever
there are signs of either- tape or round-worms. As a
general thing, puppies should not be treated for worms until
weaning time, 7. e., at about six weeks of age. It must be
remembered that the intestine of a very young animal is
extremely delicate and anything of the nature of a foreign
substance (as all worm remedies perforce must be, since if
they were not they would be useless for the purpose for
which they are intended) is best withheld until the intestine
“is on its feet,” so to speak, which is the case at six weeks
of age. Nevertheless, young nursing puppies sometimes
become very badly infested with round-worms, even as early
as three weeks of age, to the imminent risk of their lives.
In such cases, the only thing to do is to take a chance to
get rid of the worms, for if we don’t the worms will surely

get rid of the puppy. For this purpose we have a special size
capsule, which is sent only upon receipt of special request (SPE-
CIAL SIZE VERMICIDE CAPSULE FOR TOY DOGS)
From the age of six weeks on, until they are a year old,
they should be treated regularly with the Capsules of ordinary
size once a month. After attaining the age of one year, all
dogs should be treated periodically once every six months,
or better still, once every three months.

In every case the animal should be prepared for treatment.
This means that Vermicide Capsules should not be given
until the intestine is first emptied of its contents, either by
waiting for natural bowel action to clear it, or by hastening
matters with a laxative, for which purpose Purgative Pilules
or castor oil are useful. The reason for this is that most
worms lie close up to the wall of the intestine and even bury
their heads within the latter in order to protect themselves
and secure a firm hold, and if the intestine is distended with
food-matter, the Vermicide is apt to mix with the latter and
pass on without touching the worm, whereas if the intestine
is empty, the Vermicide must hit the worm, and—good-bye
worm! The dose of Purgative Pilules is printed on the box in
which they come and the dose of castor oil is all the way from
1 teaspoonful for a toy puppy up to 4 tablespoonfuls for a full-
grown dog of the larger breeds. This should be given at least
12 hours before the vermicide Capsules.

In puppies it is rarely necessary to give a preparatory purga-
tive because the muscular action of their intestines is brisk and

PURGATIVE PILULES

PURGATIVE PILULES form a convenient preparation
for cleaning out the bowels. They are just the right thing
for dogs to which it is difficult to administer castor oil, and
they are so small that they can easily be given wrapped up
in a piece of meat in cases of dogs that rebel at taking medi-
cine in anyform. There is just enough hyoscin in them to
prevent griping and unlike most purgatives they act with
exceeding gentleness and do not leave the bowels more
bound up than ever before. For emptying the bowels prev-
iously to treating for Worms and for supplementing the
action of the Special Hookworm Capsu es they may be
used with great advantage and in place of castor oil. They
are ideal for pampered pet dogs and for old house dogs that
have difficulty in effecting a movement. PURGATIVE
PILULES should be kept on hand at all times as a sort of
household medicine for the family pet.

PRICE
Per Box of 30 Globules in U. S. A.................... 25e¢
in Canada..... ............ 50c
in Great Britain......... 2s. 6d.
in France ................5. Fr. 3
Per Kernel Box of 500 Globules in U.S.A.... $3.
in Canada ....... $5.

in Great Britain 21s.
in France ........ Fr. 25

ris)
CO

the contents move on rapidly, but in older dogs and particu-
larly in dogs of advanced years, bowel action is sluggish and
the preparatory treatment outlined above is almost essential
andin them asupplementary cleaning out is also often indicated.

This supplementary cleaning out should be undertaken
about 3 or 4 hours after giving the Vermicide Capsules. The
reason for this is that tapeworms are extremely tenacious
and it is sometimes very difficult to make them let go of
their hold on the wall of the intestines, and if only just
enough of the contents of the Vermicide Capsules reaches
them to make them let go without killing them outright, they
endeavor to take a fresh grip and hang on lower down in the
intestines. From this it will readily be understood that the
quicker the detached worms are made to completely evacuate
the bowel the less chance will there be of their taking up a
fresh pasition lower down, which would necessitate another
and secondary treatment. The Purgative Pilules will sweep
the whole bowel clean of the enemy from end to end.

Vermicide Capsules have slight laxative action but will not
necessarily bring about evacuation of the bowels unless worms
are present.

No food should be given until six hours have elapsed after
administration of the Capsules.

DOSE.—ExcePTING THE Toy BREEDS

BorsalliPuppreskeeadees cde ereeesie eevee! (Capsule
For Dogs size of Fox Terriers....... .o.. 2 Capsules
For Dogs size of Setters............. ... 4 Capsules

For Dogs size of Danes and St. Bernards. 6 Capsules

For Toy Breeds, the dose of the SPECIAL SIZE is:

FROM Up lester mesma ers hay atelse Sener 1 Capsule
HO TePANGUIES foiateoee cil tein sale loisle isialel steuclasers 2 Capsules

These Special Size Capsules are meant only for the very small
Toy breeds, not exceeding 5 lbs. in weight, and all puppies of
from three to four weeks when it becomes necessary to treat
such youngsters. All dogs weighing over 5 Ibs. should receive
the regular size.

All the doses above stated are the minimum doses, such as
are usually found equal to the work, but individual cases will
now and again arise where larger doses are necessary, when
double the ordinary doses may be given with absolute safety,
for Vermicide Capsules are perfectly innocuous and will not
harm any dog.

Immediately after giving the capsules, the animal should be
placed where its stools can be examined for results. So rapid
in action are the Vermicide Capsules that worms are some-
times passed within ten minutes and rarely over half an hour
is required to drive out every worm. When a tape-worm is
passed, it is always advisable to look for the “head,” because
unless such comes away, the worm will go on growing and
budding out segments. The “head” is at the small end of the
worm and looks like a very small pin-head. It can readily be
seen by putting the worm in a flat bottle containing water and
holding the bottle up to the light and looking through it. No
microscope is necessary. Sometimes tape-worms and also
round-worms come away in entangled masses and in the case
of round-worms a corkscrew formation is often noticeable.

TREATMENT FOR HOOK + WORMS,—Vermicide Cap-
sules are only slightly effective on hook-worms and will not
with certainty destroy or expel them. For these cases we
prepare a SPECIAL HOOK-WORM CAPSULE, obtainable
upon application, at the same price as Vermicide Capsules.
These Special Hook-Worm Capsules are given in the same
manner as Vermicide Capsules, but not being in themselves
laxative they should be followed two hours later by a dose of
Purgative Pilules or castor oil. Usually, the treatment for
hook-worms must be carried on for a considerable period in
order to completely eradicate the parasites and quite a number
of the Special Hook-Worm Capsules may have to be given.
This is because re-infestation may take place very quickly, in
spite of the utmost precaution. To give an idea of the diffi-
culty of preventing re-infestation, it may be stated that the
larvae of hook-worms can live as long as six months outside
the body in suitable surroundings, and the constant passage of
eggs in the ordinary way or in sudden large numbers under
treatment may bring about a saturation of the soil with larvae
in the immediate vicinity of the dog's home, which larvae in
turn, for six months subsequently, may remain a possible
source of re-infestation to the same dog or to any other dog that
may come around.

Therefore, in treating for hook-worms, the only safe course
to pursue is to move the dog every day to new quarters, away
from and beyond the reach of the larvae that will be constantly
developing from the eggs that have been voided. Or, he
should be kept in a well-drained concreted or asphalted yard
which should be flushed daily to sweep away the eggs before
the latter can undergo development into larvae.

30

To repeat, single dosing for hook-worm is rarely effectual
but repeated and sometimes protracted dosing is necessary.
Puppies should be treated on an empty stomach first thing in
the morning every other day till not less than six treatments
have been given and adult dogs should be treated every day
with as many as eight or tentreatments. It is often necessary
to commence treating puppies as early as five weeks of age.

REMEMBER THE FOLLOWING: Vermicide Capsules,
as the name indicates, kill Worms, but that’s all they do.
They won’t cure Distemper, mend broken bones, raise from
the dead, or accomplish any other wonderful effect. No
Worm can stand up before them, and if you administer them
faithfully according to directions and they are not vomited,
and you see no worms voided, you can be reasonably certain
your dog had and has none, and that something else ails him.

Some of the symptoms of worm infestation are also indica-
tive of other troubles, and if you see a dog “sleigh-riding”
about the floor, it does not necessarily mean that he has
worms, but it is likely to be a sign of inflammation of the
peri-anal glands, a very common trouble in dogs, or of the
presence of the harmless Rectal Worms, a variety that has
no pathogenic effect on the dog other than to cause itching,
and which can be easily removed with an injection of salt
and water.

Remember, also, that dogs vomit very easily, especially on a
full stomach, and that after getting Vermicide Capsules they
should be closely watched to see that they don’t vomit them.
If they do, the dose must be repeated later, and it may be
found necessary to try an alternative method of administer-
ing the medicine, namely, by thoroughly cleaning out the
bowels the day before and giving the Capsules one at a time,
where more than one have to be given, at intervals of an
hour, or even by opening the Capsules and mixing the contents
with a teaspoonful of oil and giving them in such liquid
form. Sometimes the Capsules even stay down best on a
full stomach. There is no hard and fast rule, and whilst the
regular way of giving the Capsules intact is rarely found to
be impracticable, yet occasionally failure does attend this
method, whereupon an alternative should be tried.

Pregnant and Nursing Bitches can be safely treated at all
times, as Vermicide Capsules have no effect on the uterus, nor
onthe puppies through the milk, as have most other worm
remedies.

If your dog shows fresh signs of worms two or three weeks
after administration of Vermicide Capsules, don’t blame the
medicine for having failed to do the work. It means that
your dog has become re-infested from the same source as
before, and you must seek and stamp out this source of infesta-
tion, or else the trouble will recur indefinitely.

31

DIARRHEA. DYSENTERY

NATURE OF DIARRHEA AND DYSENTERY. Diar-
rhea should be regarded as an attempt on the part of the sys-
tem to get rid of an irritant. The irritant may be of a gross
nature such as worms, particularly hook-worms, indigestible
foodstuffs, chemical poisons, laxative drugs, or it may be in
the form of invisible offensive actions on the part of disease
Microbes. The latter often get their work in after the former
by a sort of “follow-up” method. Most diarrheas in the dog
are due to the actions of disease Microbes, and dysentery is
but an exaggerated diarrheal condition. Therefore, when
we see diarrhea or dysentery in a dog, that is more than a
mere temporary or passing manifestation, we may charge the
trouble up to a local infection of the intestines or more rarely
of the liver, and regard it as a veritable infectious process de-
manding isolation of the sufferer. Infectious Diarrhea is
a frequent complication of Distemper. Puppies during the
nursing period or soon after weaning are peculiarly suscep-
tible to infections of the bowels by Microbes, fruitful media
ot which are unclean feeding utensils or raw milk that has
stood for any length of time. Diarrhea in puppies should al-
ways be regarded as a danger-signal as it often leads up to
early grave-digging.

SYMPTOMS. Action of the bowels in a healthy dog
should take place from one to three times daily, depending
on the character of the food, and the feces should be cylindri-
cal in shape and well-formed. The color varies from whitish-
yellow to grayish-brown or even blackish, this also depending
on the nature of the food. Simple yellow watery diarrhea
caused by something indigestible is not difficult to recognize.
Not only does it rapidly subside, but beyond being ac-
companied with possibly a slight colic, there is no constitu-
tional disturbance. It means that there has been an out-
pouring of bile and liquid constituents of the blood into the
bowel for the purpose of flushing out the latter and sweeping
away the irritant. Infectious diarrhea is recognized by the
following symptoms: At first an indifferent or even complete
loss of appetite, irregular vomiting, great thirst, and perhaps
for a day or two constipation. Then the looseness of the
bowels comes on, the passages being frequent, copious, foul-
smelling, slimy, perhaps streaked with blood, or mixed with a
jelly-like matter and in color either greenish or black. Usually
the subject loses flesh rapidly. Young puppies are apt to
strain, especially when there is inflammation low down in the
bowel, and this may bring on prolapse of the rectum.

TREATMENT. In the infectious forms we must first
endeavor to assist Nature in emptying the bowel of all putrid

matter and then administer intestinal antiseptics to retard
32

ENTERIC GLOBULES

ENTERIC GLOBULES do one thing and they do it
thoroughly. They arrest DIARRHEA and DYSEN-
TERY. They are a combination of peculiarly active intes-
tinal antiseptics and astringents, whereby they quickly and
effectually disinfect the entire Intestinal Canal so that the
Microbes that cause these disorders can no longer exist.
The beneficial results are observed almost immediately,
whether it be in the diarrhea of Distemper or in that which
is so commonly seen in recently- weaned puppies, as also
in adult dogs that are paying the price for poking about in
garbage pails. Following removal of Hookworms nothing
will heal the inflamed intestine like ENTERIC GLOBULES.
Diarrhea and Dysentery i in kennels are very annoying and
difficult to combat with ordinary remedies. ENTERIC
GLOBULES should be kept on hand as a ready weapon

of defense.

PRICE

Per Box of 30 Globules in U.S. A................... 50c
imi Canad aiicccevcss ioeese see see. ovens $1.

in Great Britain ............--.... 5s.

IM, FrANCE jose ssseenscescassas veovses Fr.6

Per Kennel Box of 500 Globulesin U.S. A.... $6.
in Canada ............ $9.

in Great Britain ... 42s.

in France ............ Fr. 50

further development of Microbes. For this purpose a dose
of our PURGATIVE PILULES should first be administered
and this followed up by a rigid course of treatment with the
ENTERIC GLOBULES which are a combination of the best
intestinal antiseptics and astringents that can be obtained.
The stools usually begin to harden within 30 hours after
commencing treatment with the Enteric Globules and gradu-
ally turn dark green in color. Simple transitory diarrhea
also calls for the flushing process. Chronic diarrhea that
fails to respond to the line of treatment outlined above
should arouse suspicion of the presence of Hookworms. The
. best methods of dealing with the worm problem are des-
cribed elsewhere in the chapter on Worms.

To keep the kennel sweet and clean and aid in the destruc-
tion of the causative Microbes, so that the trouble may be
prevented from spreading to the other inmates, all surfaces
which the sufferer has befouled should be freely sprinkled
with a solution made with the “ff’ ANTISEPTIC TAB-
(Oe S:

DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS

Discussion of these troubles is purposely omitted and no
remedies of this nature are offered for the reason that it is
a very risky business for the amateur to try and diagnose or
prescribe for this class of disorders. A single example will
suffice. One of the commoner troubles of the urinary ap-
paratus in the Dog is the formation of Stone. Such forma-
tions tend to be passed off in the urinary stream. But, it
happens that in the male dog the urethra in part of its length
is lodged in a sort of groove in a bone. The urethra where it
lies free is distensile and permits of the passage of quite
large formations until the point is reached where it enters
the aforesaid groove where it can no longer expand and at
this point formations invariably become stuck fast and oc-
clude the passage so that the urine can no longer be voided.
The average person, in ignorance of the true state of affairs
and only aware that there is suppression of the flow of urine,
supposes the kidneys need stimulating and thinks to relieve
the condition by dosing with so-called “kidney pills’ with the
result that matters are quickly made worse and the animal
soon succumbs to rupture of the bladder or uremic poisoning
whereas the only possible means of relief is by operative
measures at the hands of a skilled surgeon. There is an old
saying “Don’t monkey with the buzz-saw.” We will change it
to “Don’t monkey with urinary disorders” and advise owners
to seek skilled advice when there is anything wrong with the
waterworks,

34

FITS. CONVULSIONS. NERVE STORMS

Nervous seizures may arise from many different causes.
Those of most familiar occurrence result from any of the
five following conditions, in frequency in about the order
named:

Acute Indigestion, particularly during hot weather
Worms or Solid Foreign Bodies that have been swallowed
Acute Indigestion in Bitches whilst nursing their young
Poisoning

Distemper

Convulsions also occur more rarely during the progress of
certain diseases, particularly when the nervous system is
concerned but they hardly need to be considered here. They
never result from the teething process, all statements in
books to the contrary notwithstanding.

The Fits which are so often seen on the streets and which
give rise to the familiar “mad-dog scares” are nearly always
the result of indigestion or the presence of worms. Worms
ordinarily lie quiescent in the intestines particularly when
an abundant food-supply comes steadily along, but once let
something occur to upset their equilibrium, such as the intro-
duction into the food of an element having vermicidal proper-
ties, then the worms begin to squirm and wriggle to such an
extent as to cause an “uproar” of the nervous system. The
convulsions seen in the brood matron are caused by over-
loading of the stomach owing to the voracious appetite en-
gendered by the demands of the offspring.

SYMPTOMS. In those instances where the dog is seized
with fits whilst out walking it is perhaps first noticed to lag
behind, then suddenly stop, emit a loud cry, and fall over
on its side all the while continuing to cry. At this stage it
may bite anything that is put within reach of its teeth and
even its own body, and its legs which were at first extended
now move violently, it foams at the mouth, and its eyeballs
protrude. As soon as the convulsion subsides, it gets up,
looks wildly about, then dashes off madly and aimlessly,
usually ending up in some dark, secluded spot. In some
cases the seizure takes place with extraordinary rapidity, par-
ticularly where worms are concerned. A puppy may appear
perfectly well and suddenly fall over on its side, make a few
convulsive movements and die. On the other hand, the
order of symptoms here mentioned may be reversed, a pro-

35

Dr. Cecil ffrench’s
MOBERN BOG REMEDIES

For
P@ Poisonin;

EMERGENCY EMETIC

This is a wonderful preparation for inducing copious
vomiting almost immediately. There are times when
it is necessary to induce vomiting to save a dog's life.
EMERGENCY EMETIG is one of those remedies which
ought to be kept handy at all times, if only as an
antidote wherewith to circumvent the machinations of that
anti-dog crank, the poison-fiend, who dwells in every city.
But, there are other occasions when aprompt emetic will save
life, such for instance, as the attacks of spasms or
fits to which so many dogs are prone and which are fre-
quently caused by acute indigestion. Again, it affords
instant relief in those cases of fat old asthmatic dogs making
futile efforts to rid themselves of phlegm accumulated in
their respiratory passages.

In one respect, EMERGENGY EMETIG is like a pistol—

when you need one you need it pretty badly.

PRICE
Per Box of 3 Vials in U.S. A. ..............cccoseee0- 50c
In Canada: ....2,.:0sc0csase ces onsce anes $1.
in Great Britain: 2...2c.-.ccc-costo-ceueowcosse 5s.
im France: «..s30.0jseseseceesodesseee cache eee

36

tracted period of excitement characterized by yelping, snap-
ping right and left and rushing blindly into objects, preceding
the onset of the actual convulsions.

In the convulsions of nursing bitches the animal is at first
restless with staring eyes and it breathes quickly. In about ten
or fifteen minutes it is no longer able to stand but lies on its
side with legs extended and muscles quivering. The breath-
ing becomes more rapid and difficult and the tongue is ex-
truded and looks blue. Saliva flows freely and every once in
a while a convulsive effort is made to swallow it. Conscious-
ness is not lost.

In strychnine poisoning the animal appears anxious and
very exciteable, its body gets rigid and the convulsions come
on at intervals of a few seconds, usually with increasing in-
tensity and the head is drawn up and towards the back. Any
sudden noise or even draught of air will bring on a fresh
spasm.

In the fits of Distemper, the “mad-dog” feature is absent,
there being no tendency to maniacal rushing about but in-
stead prostration with champing of the jaws for longer
or shorter spells and progressively increasing in frequency
and intensity.

TREATMENT. No matter what be the cause of the
seizure, excepting Distemper and the other rarer troubles,
the very best thing to do is to induce immediate vomiting
and thereby rid the stomach of any irritant that may be at
work. For this purpose EMERGENCY EMETIC should be
used; in fact, this preparation should constantly be kept
on hand in every well-regulated kennel for when it is needed
it is needed with urgency. In about an hour’s time, as soon
as the vomiting has completely subsided, the stomach and
intestines should be swept clean with a brisk dose of PUR-
GATIVE PILULES combined with VERMICIDE CAP-
SULES in case worms are present and have caused the
trouble. The beneficial effect of EMERGENCY EMETIC is
particularly noticeable in the seizure of brood matrons. In
dogs that show no signs of worms and in which the cause of
the seizure has been undoubtedly acute indigestion, a com-
plete change of diet is often imperative even to the extent
of cutting out meat entirely, for when the digestive process is
not functioning normally meat sometimes acts as an irritant.
All exercise after eating must be stopped. In any case, a
more or less prolonged course of treatment with TONIC
GLOBULES should then be undertaken. One can never go
wrong by following up the above described line of treatment.

The fits of Distemper are not amenable to treatment.

37

DISTEMPER

WHAT IS DISTEMPER? We apply the term “Dis-
temper” to the composite phenomena that follow the invasion
of the Dog’s system by certain Microbes. These Microbes
consist of the specific Distemper-Microbes which initiate the
invasion and extend their operations throughout the system
and of the common Pus-producing and other Microbes which
follow in their wake and tend to confine their operations to
certain areas on the external and internal surfaces of the
body. In other words, we have to deal with a “Mixed” In-
fection, of primary and secondary origin. It is probable that
the Distemper-icrobes only appear sporadically whereas
the Pus-producing Microbes are normally present at all times
on the surtace of the body.

In order to get a clear conception of the processes by which
these various Microbes gain their ends, we must bring our
imaginations into play. We must first of all regard the
living body of the Dog as a great republic composed of an
aggregation of groups of Body-cells, each group performing
its special work, the whole contributing to form what we
recognize as Life and its Actions. Most of these component
groups are in a fixed condition, as for instance the groups of
muscle-cells and groups of nerve-cells, but there is one very
important group that is capable of motion and migration
from one part of the Lody to another and this is the group of
Blood-cells. There are different varieties of Blood-cells, just
as in an army of human beings there are different corps of
individuals forming infantry, cavalry, artillery, etc., and each
variety seems to have some special work to perform. We
must look upon this army of Blood-cells as being entrenched
within the body and whose business it is to fight to the death
in the defence of the lives of all the other component Body-
cells that go to make up the great republic. We must then
look upon the Distemper-Microbes as a powerful invading
army. And, in addition to the offensive horde of well-organ-
ized Distemper-Microbes we must remember that there are
numerous other secondary smaller armies or bands of rangers
and irregular forces in the form of Pus-producing and Dysen-
tery-producing Microbes, lurking here and scouting there, all
ready to take advantage of the opportunity afforded them of
pushing their attacks through the breaches made in the en-
trenchments of the republic by the army of the actual Dis-
temper-Microbes. These Distemper-Microbes usually make
their onslaught whilst the great republic of Body-cells is
passing through its youthful or formative period when it is
least experienced or able to withstand the attacks. We must
keep in mind that just as human armies vary in their capa-

38

city to harm their human opponents according to the mental
and physical capacity of their component elements, the con-
dition of their ammunition and commissariat, and other
vital factors, so both the Microbes and Blood-celis vary from
time to time in their relative capacity to harm each other.
If we carry in our minds this picture, which is not so imagin-
ative as it may seem, since these “situations” are more or
less actually capable of being seen under the microscope, we
shall be enabled to dispel from our minds much of what has
hitherto been regarded as mystery concerning this disease,
and also we shall be enabled to comprehend the true method
of inducing immunity to, and effecting the cure of, this dis-
ease. Likewise we shall understand how futile it is to sub-
ject the poor suffering infected animal to dosing with the con-
coctions that are masqueraded under the name of “dis-
temper-cure,” ‘‘distemper-remedy” or other high-sounding
titles.

The Distemper-Microbes, like other microbes and most
human beings, are all the time looking about for an easy
mark where they can take up their quarters with some pros-
pect of having a good time. To their particular taste the sys-
tem of the Dog is an ideal spot, wherein, being ardent and
lusty warriors, they look forward to a combat with their
implacable foes the Blood-cells, and if victorious, to a great
time of feasting and merry-making. They most easily gain
access to new territory by direct contact of one dog, in which
they have already located, with another dog to which they
have not yet paid a visit. But, they can also be transported
by some intermediate carrying agent. Having gained en-
trance to the blood-stream through some channel which so
far has not been definitely determined, they at once begin to
draw nutriment from the blood and thereby rapidly to re-
produce their kind, until their numbers are vastly increased.
This is called the incubative stage of the disease and during
this time there are no ordinary symptons whereby the
observer may be warned of the conflict that has already be-
gun and of the greater one that is impending. This incuba-
tive period may last from 3 to 9 or 10 days, so that it will
readily be understood that a dog may have contracted the
disease and had it in him that length of time before exhibit-
ing the ordinary symptoms and yet be apparently well. It
goes without saying that no man can truthfully sell a dog
with a guarantee that it is in perfect health since it might
have become infected a few minutes before the transaction
and it might not develop the disease until nearly two weeks
had elapsed after the completion of the sale. This point
is mentioned as a warning to intending purchasers that buy-
ing a dog is a good deal like buying a pig in a poke, as far

39

as Distemper is concerned. One may get more than that for
which one contracts.

The Distemper-Microbes, as soon as they perceive their
enemies, begin to discharge against them their ammunition in
the form of certain secretions which appear to be poisonous
to the Blood-cells and Body-cells. In the meantime, the
warning cry of alarm, has gone out amongst the Blood-cells
which immediately begin to marshal their forces in battle
array. Blood-cell BGoE Microbe, a terrific. combat ensues,
and each doughty warrior does his best to overcome his op-
ponent. What is the form of this combat? Happily, bacterio-
logists by their observations have discovered what actually
takes place. The Blood-cells do not directly pounce on the
Microbes. They do not risk their precious lives in such a
rash manner but they seek to attain their object by more
subtle roundabout means. Just as the Microbes begin to dis-
charge their ammunition so certain of the Blood-cells begin
to discharge their ammunition. It is not known which
variety is concerned in the discharge of this ammunition, but
suffice it to say that this ammunition is actually dis charged
for it is found present on the battlefield. This ammunition
or Cell-secretion is not a simple substance for its composi-
tion and defensive power vary according to the recuireme tts.
For instance, one of its functions is to weaken and paralyze
certain of the Microbes and render them vulnerable for a
successful attack at close quarters on the part of the main
body of Blood-cells. Some of the latter then advance and
pounce on the Microbes, and just as in former times the
Indians treated their wounded and weakened captives, thev
proceed to eat them up or rather to engulf them and to leisure-
ly digest them. Another function that this Cell-secretion is
capable of developing is to neutralize any. poisons secreted
by the Microbes. It has also been observed that when the
Blood-cells break down and die, their bodies give rise to cer-
tain substances which in combination with certain elements
of the Cell-secretion give rise to a distinctly microbicidal sub-
stance which causes the death of certain of the Microbes.
From all this it will be understood that the disease processes
are not by any means simple but are decidedly complicated.
But, it must also be remembered that the Blood-cells do not
always have things all their own way. Whilst some of them
are getting rid of part of the invading Microbes, still other
Microbes are accounting for some of the Blood-ceils with
their secretions, so that the question resolves itself into
whether the Blood-cells as a whole are sufficiently powerful
to put the Microbes completely out of business or whether as
a whole the Microbes are the stronger of the two and by their
more masterful tactics will lay out the entire army of Blood-

40

cells. Supposing for a moment that the Blood-cells are gain-
ing the day and the case is one that is going to escape mor-
tality, it may be that some of the Microbes have succeeded
in doing sufficient harm as to cause structural changes or a
partial breaking down of some portion of the great Zepublic
of cells that forms the entire body. Thus, we see such com-
plications and after-effects of Distemper as Chorea, Paralysis,
Loss of Hearing, Loss of Sense of Smell, etc. In these
cases, the particular groups of cells that control particular
functions of the body have been so severely potsoned by the
secretions of the Microbes that they have undergone de-
generation and it may take many days, weeks, months, or
even years before they will recarry on the co-operative work
of the great republic of Body-cells.

SYMPTOMS. The most constant and evident of all
the symptoms of Distemper is—Rapid Emaciation. To
the trained medical eye, this is without doubt the most promi-
nent indication of the presence of the disease. The dog
owner will scarcely credit this statement accustomed as he
is to recognize the disease only by the little cough or by the
catarrhal discharge so commonly seen coming from the eyes
and nostrils. Nevertheless, it is true. It must be remembered
that the attacks of the actual Distemper-Microbes are directed
towards the blood and internal tissues and that the discharge
from the eyes and nose results not from the action of the
Distemper-Microbe itself but from the assaults of the second-
ary Pus-producing Microbes. It is quite possible, and in-
deed it often happens, that these secondary Pus-producing
Microbes do not get in any work at all and we have then
what has been called for want of a better term “dry dis-
temper” as opposed to “wet-distemper” where there is a
profuse discharge of matter from the eyes and nostrils. These
so-called “dry distemper” cases are very frequently not recog-
nized as such by dog owners because of the lack of discharge.
The dog is thought to be getting rapidly “out-of-condition”
and then perhaps Chorea suddenly appears. Chorea occur-
ring other than as a sequel to Distemper is so rare that we
may practically say that whenever it appears it is a sure sign
that the animal has recently passed through an obscure at-
tack of Distemper, without any signs of suppuration of the
eyes or nasal passages. There are many cases of Distemper
without the catarrhal discharge but there is hardly ever a
case of Distemper without the. characteristic greater or less
emaciation or falling away of flesh. In young ‘dogs, this is an
invariable symptom, whether the other symptoms are pres-
ent or not, and every dog owner should suspect the presence
of Distemper whenever his young dogs or puppies are quick-
ly losing flesh from no apparent reason. Coupled with the

41

rapid emaciation there is usually dullness and an expression
of chilliness as evidenced by the animal seeking warmth.

The next and most familiar but by no means constant
symptom is the purulent discharge from the nostrils and the
eyes, which may or may not cause the eyelids to glue to-
gether. This discharge varies in degree according to the
extent of the local infection from the Pus-producing
Microbes. It contains not only Pus-producing Microbes but
also the actual Distemper-Microbes in a state of virulence, so
that it must always be regarded as a highly potential medium
for the dissemination of the infection. The local infection
may or may not involve the cornea or transparent portion
of the eye, but if it does the latter becomes of a whitish or
opaque color, or in other words, a film forms over the front
of the eye, and a little spot or pit-like depression may occur.

Another common symptom is the short husky cough heard
in the early stages of the disease. If the complication of
broncho-pneumonia appears, there is also labored breathing,
when if the ear be placed to the chest wall, a rasping sound
is plainly heard.

Should the alimentary tract become involved, which is
most often the case, the animal may vomit freely for the
first day or two and this is succeeded by the passage from
the bowels of a frothy liquid matter, of objectionable odor and
often tinged with blood. Many cases of Distemper manifest
only the disturbance of the bowels coupled with the invariable
symptom of emaciation.

The Skin of the belly and inside of the thighs should early
be watched for the appearance of small generally isolated
reddish spots which soon turn into blisters and these are later
seen to contain pus. This eruption is significant of the pres-
ence of the infection and sometimes, coupled with the rapid
falling away of flesh, already alluded to, it is the only visible
external symptom that is manifested. In such cases we see
typical “dry distemper.’’ These spots, however, do not in-
variably appear.

Reference has already been made to Chorea with which
are often associated convulsive seizures or fits. These are
the two worst features of the disease with which we have to
deal, and both have a remarkable aptitude for developing
when least expected. They usually appear in cases that seem
least badly-off. The case seems to be markedly improving
when suddenly without any other warning than a listlessness
or dullness on the part of the animal it is plunged into this
calamity. Fits are easily recognized, prostration with champ-
ing of the jaws being the most marked symptoms. Chorea
is manifested by a constant intermittent jerking of groups of
muscles, often those of the head, the under jaw, or of one

42

or all of the legs. Closely related to the last mentioned
complications is spinal paralysis, which, however, is not very
common. In these cases the animal loses entire use of its
limbs, usually confined to those of the hind quarters.

No attention need be paid to the temperature during Dis-
temper, as it is rarely elevated to any great degree, and then
only in the initial stages. Later it often falls to normal or
nearly normal. The pulse is a better indication of actual con-
ditions. When the latter goes up to and beyond 130-140 an
unfavorable termination may be anticipated. The normal
pulse in the dog is between 90 and 100.

PREVENTION. With this ever-menacing disease, as
with every other evil condition, prevention is better than
cure. If we can only prevent the dog from becoming in-
fected with this foul disorder, what a saving of time, money,
trouble and anxiety it will mean! How is infection to be pre-
vented? It has already been stated that before the Blood-
cells can make away with the Microbes, they (in conjunction
with the rest of the Body-cells) have to secrete certain sub-
stances wherewith the Microbes are enfeebled and rendered
vulnerable. It has been ascertained that in each disease
caused by Microbes, the latter discharge distinct and separate
secretions. The secretions of one species of Microbe differ
from those of another. Likewise, the secretions discharged
by the Blood-cells to combat each separate disease differ one
from another. Now, we all know that, generally speaking,
one attack of Distemper confers immunity against another
attack, at least another fatal one. How is this brought
about in a state of Nature? This is how it occurs: The
great law of Habit comes into play. Remember that in a dog
that has recovered from Distemper the Blood-cells have been
engaged in a terrific battle from which they have emerged
victorious and that they have learned in that particular mode
of warfare a lesson which they are not likely soon to forget.
What they have once learned to accomplish they will know
how to repeat with ease in the future should the necessity
arise. The consequence is that if another batch of Distemper-
Microbes later comes along and attempts to carry out its
murderous design the Blood-cells are all primed and right on
the job and quickly put a stop to the proceedings by an im-
mediate and overwhelming discharge of the all-important
secretions. This being, then, the manner in which natural
immunity is acquired, scientists have sat up nights thinking
out some method by which immunity might be artificially con-
ferred on an animal that has not yet run up against the Dis-
temper-Microbe. Two methods have been evolved. One is
to cultivate the living Microbes outside the body and keep
them for a definite length of time until they have become

43

weakened or attenuated and then to vaccinate these living
Microbes directly into the body, with the hope that in their
enfeebled condition the Microbes will become an easy prey
to the Blood-cells. This method works pretty well, but
it is somewhat uncertain and difficult to put in operation
since it involves the maintenance of a small-sized farm and
the raising of various crops of Microbes in all stages of
virulence, so that when wanted they might not be too much
weakened to have the desired effect. The other method is
to cultivate the Microbes outside the body and then destroy
them with a high degree of heat and inject these dead Microbes
with the products of their growth, and this method has
proven to be the most practicable. To the dead Microbes
and their products so cultivated, the term “Toxin” has been
applied.

ARTIFICIAL IMMUNITY. TOXINS AS A PREVEN-
TIVE. The theory of inducing artificial immunity to a
given disease is based on the law of Habit. Everybody is
familiar with the well-known fact that the more often an
action is performed, the easier becomes its subsequent per-
formance. Likewise, the more frequently a drug is taken
the more easily can the body accustom itself to the effects of
that particular drug, so that increasingly larger doses can
be swallowed with impunity, until such a dose can be taken
that the body would succumb to its effects were it admin-
istered in the first instance. The theory of inducing arti-
ficial immunity by the injection of Toxins is that the Blood-
cells will be taught HOW to elaborate and discharge their
all-important se-retions without subjecting them to the risk
of actual infection with the living Microbes.

What is the process by which this is accomplished? We
first of all capture the Distemper-Microbes and some of the
other Microbes that follow in their wake, and we cultivate
them on an artificial medium. All the time they are thus
being cultivated they are producing secretions. We then kill
the Microbes by applying to them an intense degree of heat
and we have remaining a Mixture of the products they have
secreted and their own dead bodies no longer capable of
carrying on harm if introduced within the system. At this
stage we are all ready to inject some of this mixture or as
it is called “Toxin,” and this is where we apply the great law
of Habit. If we were to inject into a healthy dog an unlimited
quantity of this Toxin the Blood-cells might be overwhelmed
and the dog die, just as happens when vast numbers of power-
ful Distemper-Microbes gain access to the system and destroy
all the Blood-cells by the enormous quantity of toxic sub-
stance they secrete. Instead of doing this, common sense
tells us to start operations by injecting a small quantity, just

44

enough to awaken the Blood-cells to a realization that there
is something doing and that it is up to them to get busy.
We must imagine that the Blood-cells, as soon as they are
aware of the presence in the system of this small quantity of
Toxin, suspect that their mortal enemy has gained entrance
to their stronghold, and hurry and scurry hither and thither
in their anxiety to locate the intruder, all the while getting
ready and discharging some of their ammunition. Finally,
when they have discovered that it is a false alarm, they settle
down to their ordinary habits. But, they have been placed on
their guard and have ascertained what it feels like to have
to fire off their ammunition. They are now on their mettle.
A few days later, we should inject perhaps double the quantity
of Toxin that we first injected. Immediately the same events
transpire and the Blood-cells are more than ever impressed
with their own importance and are more than ever primed
to attack the enemy as soon as the latter menaces them.
This process of injecting graduated and increasing doses of
Toxin should be carried on until the Blood-cells are rendered
thoroughly efficient and qualified to tackle the most strategic
army of Distemper- Microbes that may invade their territory.
But, no army is ever maintained in a state of efficiency unless
it continually practises the action it will be called upon to
perform in an emergency. Hence arises the necessity of
repeatedly injecting maximum doses of Toxin at intervals of
a few weeks after immunity has been established, during the
most critical period of the dog’s life, to remind his Blood-
cells of the lesson they have been taught, so that they will
not fail to give a good account of themselves in the hour of
trouble. If we merely give a single injection or perhaps two
injections, we give but half a lesson to the Blood-cells, and
they soon lapse into a state of indifference to danger and re-
tain but a faint recollection of the training they have received.
Then, should the Distemper-Microbes come along later, they
are in a very little better condition for withstanding the at-
tacks of the well-organized enemy than they were before
they received their primary lessons in warfare, and their
chances of coming out of the combat victorious are about
equal to those of a non-immunized animal. The power of
resistance being stimulated to its highest pitch shortly after
injection and retaining its activity for several days thereafter,
explains why Toxins may be successfully used to guard
against an imminent infection such as is so prone to occur
at Dog Shows. And from this fact we can also derive an ex-
planation of the many failures that have followed the use of
Distemper Toxins. It is extremely doubtful that single or
even double doses can be depended on to fortify the system
permanently against the disease unless, indeed, the animal

ad

should be exposed to infection shortly after injection. The
only hope of reliable immunization is the injection of grad-
uated doses at intervals during the first year of the animal’s
life. The point should be emphasized that when speaking of
conferring artificial immunity it does not necessarily mean
that a dog will be prevented entirely from contracting the
disease, but that its Blood-cells will be so fortitied that they
will have the power to ward off a fatal termination to the
disease.

CAN TOXINS BE USED AS A CURE FOR DIS-
TEMPER? Before answering this question we must first
define the meaning of the term “Cure.” The term “Cure”
is generally used in a positive and comprehensive sense, and
in the case of Toxins would imply the destruction of the
causative agent of the disease and the restoration of the body
to health. That being so, the claim that is daily put forth in
the columns of the Dog Journals by the manufacturers of
Toxins that their products cure as well as immunize can
hardly be sustained, except in a very qualified manner and
then only under certain very restricted conditions. In a
sense, these preparations used for curative purposes in Dis-
temper are about on a par with our old friends the so-called
“distemper-cure” fakes. In some cases (those cases that are
going to get well, anyhow) they do no harm; in other cases
they may do a lot of harm. In making this statement it is
not implied that other Toxins cannot be successfully used to
etfect the positive cure of certain other diseases, for it is
true that they can be so employed. But, the difference is
this: they can be used to annihilate a strictly local disease,
where the area of infection is confined to a definite quarter
of the body because they have the entire army of Blood-cells
throughout the whole extent of the body to work on. The
Blood-cells elsewhere are unemployed, so-to-speak, and they
can be utilized to do their share in the work of producing de-
fensive secretions to be conveyed in overwhelming amount
to the invaded area. But, used for the purpose of combatting
a general systemic disease of acute type, such as Distemper
is, they are wrong in principle, and the effort will now be
made to explain why such claim is unwarranted.

Before the advent of Toxins, there were, just as there still
are, in spite of the use of Toxins for curative purposes, two
main classes of Distemper Cases, namely (a) those that re-
covered with or without complications, and (b) those that
failed to recover with the death of the animal. Those that re-
covered did so by virtue of the inherent capacity of the
Blood-cells to produce sufficient defensive secretions to
neutralize the offensive secretions that were produced by the
invading Microbes and to so weaken and wither the latter

46

that the Blood-cells could pounce on and devour them. These
Blood-cells may easily have won the battle and made short
work of the invading Microbes and the secretions of the latter,
by their ability to promptly secrete a superabundance of the
all-important defensive secretions. In that tase we must
imagine that the Blood-cells were in a state of very great
virility. On the other hand, we must also imagine that at
times the Blood-cells were in a sort of lazy impotent state so
that the process of recovery was - dragged out in a_ slovenly
fashion, and in point of fact, we do see just such cases. Again,
the Blood-cells may have had to struggle for all they were
worth to accomplish their purpose and may have succeeded
in only just putting the invading Microbes and the secretions
of the latter out of business with no margin or excess of
defensive secretions to spare and no ability to produce any
more. It need hardly be pointed out that for the treatment
of the first mentioned group of class (a), or those cases that
promptly recover, the injection of Toxins is superfluous, as
the system is quite equal to the task imposed upon it. For
the second mentioned group it is quite conceivable that
Toxins may be of use in awakening the Blood-cells from their
lethargic condition. But, for the third mentioned group, if
we remember that the Microbes and their offensive secretions
are present in dangerous quantities and that the system is
doing its level best to neutralize and rid itself of the same, it
would hardly seem prudent to inject an additional amount of
offensive foreign substances and thereby increase the burden
that is already imposed on the entire army of Blood-cells.
As for class (b) ‘the last remark applies with even greater
force, for the fact of the failure on the part of the system
to get the better of the invading Microbes means that the latter
are multiplying and producing offensive secretions in such
preponderating quantity that the point is passed where the
Blood-cells are stimulated to do their scavenging work and
they are overcome and rendered incapable of producing their
all-important defensive secretions. Now, admitting that the
second group of class (a) may be benefitted by the Toxin
_Treatment and the third mentioned group of the same class
and all of class (b) are intensified and endangered thereby,
by what means are we to recognize the dividing line? Who
will say where lies the danger line of converting the cases of
class (a) into those of class (b)? It must follow, from
the principles here laid down, that there must be some tisk
in making use of Toxins for the TREATMENT of Dis-
temper, and that there is no surety that they are capable of
turning the balance in favor of the health line but that there
is decided risk of their sending it over towards the death
line. And this is exactly in keeping with the observation of

47

those who have had large experience in the treatment of dogs
of all kinds. In their hands Distemper Toxins, as a cura-
tive measure, have proven an absolute failure and danger.

REMEDIES USED AS SO-CALLED DISTEMPER-
CURES. A few years ago, before the U. S. Federal Pure
Food and Drug Act protected the public, there were several
much-advertised, and by their manufacturers much-vaunted,
so-called “Distemper-Cures.” Even to this day the same
preparations appear under the more modest name of “Dis-
temper-Remedies” so that their owners may keep safely with-
in the law. Modern science has taught us that none of these
concoctions ever had the slightest power to inhibit the
development of the actual distemper infection. Cases that
recovered after their administration would have recovered
anyhow in the manner already described. None of these
preparations was capable of performing or even contributing
to the formation of the all-important and indispensable de-
fensive secretions. The man who has kept many dogs and has
experimented on this point himself will quickly recognize the
truth of this statement. To him who has not had the same
opportunity we offer these remarks in the way of friendly and
forewarning advice.

Are there any phases of Distemper in which pharmaceu-
tical preparations can be used with benefit to the animal? Cer-
tainly not with the hope of destroying the specific Distemper-
Microbes, for the very good reason that anything that might be
used to destroy the latter would in all probability also destroy
the Blood-cells. But it is possible to treat two or three of the
local secondary complications, namely the Diarrhea and Dys-
entery and the Eye lesions that frequently accompany or suc-
ceed an attack of Distemper. In many instances, by the timely
administration of proper remedies we may arrest these compli-
cations, but it is only because they are local and subordinate
troubles and because we can reach them by direct local medica-
tion. A good intestinal antiseptic and astringent is invaluable to
control the bowel disorder. With these exceptions, there is no
other condition in the acute stages of Distemper that may be bene-
fitted by the administration of remedies. It is only in the
convalescent stages that reconstructive tonics should be em-
ployed at which time the latter are of inestimable value. It is
certain that no drugs have ever had the slightest influence in
benefitting Chorea which sometimes arises as a secondary com-
plication. Chorea disappears in the course of time. It may take
from two to five years, but it will finally disappear, and it does
so only after the degenerated and shattered nerve-cells have
reconstructed themselves. The best treatment for Chorea
is good food and prodigious exercise, particularly the exer-
cise. We have seen that Chorea is a constant intermittent

48

contraction of certain groups of muscles due to irregular in-
nervation originating in a group of disordered brain-cells and
by exercise these disordered brain-cells may gradually be in-
duced to get back into proper working order, but it takes
lots and lots of time and the owner must have infinite
patience. The red Spots or pox-like pustules that occur on
the belly and the inside of the thigh require’ no treatment
except: when they are aggravated by gnawing on the part
of the animal, as they usually very soon disappear. Likewise,
the catarrhal discharge from the nostrils requires no treat-
ment except that of cleansing. The discharges of the respira-
tory tract and particularly pneumonia, when it supervenes,
as also convulsions, are not amenable to beneficial treatment
by drugs. There is one important matter that must not be
neglected and that is the isolation of the infected animal and
the free and repeated disinfection of all -plages and articles
that have harbored or been in contact with a distempered dog
and this should be carried out for several days after apparent
recovery of the animal. For this purpose a sprinkling so-
lution made with the “ff’ ANTISEPTIC TABULES may be
used with advantage. The Microbes may hang on for a
long time after the acute symptons have disappeared, and
occasionally a dog becomes a regular “carrier” of the virus.
It is well to bear in mind that dog-hospitals and boarding-
kennels are vety often guilty centers for distribution of the
disease. Warning must also be given against bathing or even
wetting of the coat during the progress of the disease. It is
of utmost importance to maintain the animal-in a thoroughly
dry and warm condition, otherwise pneumonia is extremely
apt to supervene.

With regard to nutrition, as long as the animal will volun-
tarily eat during the progress of the disease it should be given
exactly what its appetite calls for, but only in moderation.
But, if it refuses all nourishment, what then? Leave it
alone, and do not attempt to force upon it what the system is
declining, for the appetite is but an expression of the de-
mands of the system. A healthy dog will actually survive
three whole months without food, provided it has water, and it
will live an entire month before markedly showing the effects
of such a long fast. Whilst this statement is true of a
developed adult dog, it needs to be modified considerably in
the case of a puppy still undeveloped. But, it is not lack
of food that causes the rapid emaciation seen in Distemper,
rather is it the poisonous substances secreted by the Microbes
resulting in breaking down of the tissues. To force upon an
animal food that will fail to be digested only increases the
accumulation of poisons in the system. As the disease sub-
sides the appetite will awaken and all the flesh that has been

49

THE BIG COMBINE
FOR THE RATIONAL TREATMENT OF

DISTEMPER

TONIC GLOBULES ENTERIC GLOBULES
To Keep Up the Strength To Keep the Bowels Right

“ff” EYE POWDER
To Prevent Eye Trouble

wees "Dr. Cecil ffrench’s ;
ANUISERTIC TABULE

“ff” ANTISEPTIC TABULES
To Destroy the Microbes

50

lost will ordinarily soon be regained. It is at this point that
recovery can always be expedited by the administration of
appropriate Tonics.

To sum up:

No.1. The primary Distemper Infection is incurable by any
medicament hitherto discovered. Recovery takes place
through the inherent power of the Blood-cells.

No.2. The injection of Toxins or Vaccines for curative
purposes is risky and often dangerous. All claims to the con-
trary should be totally disregarded. The only hope along
these lines rests in an Antitoxin which has yet to be dis-
covered.

No. 3. Practically only two complications are amenable to
treatment with appropriate remedies, namely: the secondary in-
fections of the Bowels and of the Eyes, and for this purpose we
strongly recommend active dosing with our ENTERIC GLO-
BULES and “ff”? EYE POWDER during the acute stages of
the disease, whilst during the reconstructive period our
TONIC GLOBULES should be freely given until the patient
is well on the road to recovery.

No. 4. Toxins and Vaccines can only be used with limited con-
fidence as preventive agents and then only when administered
frequently during the developing period or to protect for a short
time against imminent infection (just before Dog Shows or
visits to strange kennels). Otherwise, single dosing is of slight
value and then only temporarily.

SKIN DISEASES

From the standpoint of the dog owner trying to treat the
different skin troubles that so frequently occur in kennels,
we must consider two principal classes of skin inflammation,
viz., that in which Microbes are the exciting factor and that
in which animal or fungoid Parasites initiate the disturbance.
In the first named are comprised all those cases to which
the term ECZEMA is ambiguously applied, whilst by the
second are understood those known as MANGE (both sar-
coptic and follicular) and RINGWORM. Whilst it is quite
erroneous to jumble all the disturbances of microbic origin
under the term Eczema yet to avoid confusion we had better
continue to use the misnomer. There is still another form
of skin trouble which occurs entirely independently of Mi-
crobes or Parasites, namely HIVES, seen in puppies. This
condition is brought about by indigestion. The poisons
formed by the indigestion process being absorbed into the
system, the blood tries to get rid of them by way of the skin
and in so doing starts up an irritation.

ECZEMA. As already stated, all skin diseases commonly
called by this name are the result of the invasion of the

51

deeper layers of the skin by Microbes. These Microbes are
the common pus-producing organisms, normally inhabiting
the upper layers of the skin in healthy animals. They are at
all times present and the reason they do not produce any dis-
turbances all the time is not because they are not trying their
level best to do so, but because the Blood-cells in a perfectly
healthy animal are powerful enough to hold them at bay.
But, let there be a slight let-up in repelling power on the part
of the Blood-cells and the Microbes at once get in their work
and other Blood-cells rushing to the scene to help in the fray
the whole area is “lit up,” so to speak, and we see the usual
symptoms of skin inflammation, viz., redness, formation of
pus, falling out of the hair, etc., and more or less scratching
and biting provoked by the local irritation. It must not be
forgotten also that at certain times the Microbes may en-
joy great vitality and assume a sort of super-strength just as
we see all animals assume at times a greater degree of vigor
than at other times. In these instances, the Blood-cells have
a very hard task to combat the onslaught of the Microbes
and the latter start up a rumpus at the slightest provocation.
This explains why Eczema should at times appear to assume
a highly contagious and infectious character, sweeping
through a kennel and attacking every inmate therein. It
means that the Microbes on such occasions are exceedingly
virulent and the defensive capacity of the Blood-cells of each
individual dog happens to be somewhat below par. At times,
also, the bites of Fleas and Lice will so wound the skin that
the Microbes easily penetrate. The reader should now turn
his attention to the chapter on Distemper wherein he will
find described the whole process of the warfare between Mi-
crobes and Blood-cells. In Eczema there exists an exactly
similar state of affairs but it is confined to the surface of the
body, and the Microbes do not ordinarily gain access to the
system. Owing to this fact, there is rarely any danger of
fatal outcome of Eczema as the Blood-cells of the whole sys-
tem remain in safety and in reserve and can be called on to
concentrate their defensive power on what is only a limited
portion of the body that is under attack. The importance of
maintaining a dog “in condition” will thus be seen, and it
explains why with internal treatment alone eczematous in-
flammation can successfully be combatted. It is purely a
question of the Blood-cells or the Microbes on the surface of the
body gaining the upper hand. Any condition internally that
will bring about an auto-intoxication and reduce the vitality
of the Blood-cells may lead to Eczema. Thus, we often see
the latter trouble dependent on the presence of Worms in the
intestinal canal, the Worms secreting certain. poisons which
are absorbed into the system and weaken the Blood-cells.

52

Or, we may see a similar state of affairs during an attack
of Distemper when the poisons secreted by the Microbes of
the latter disease enfeeble the Blood-cells. The great major-
ity of all skin troubles belongs to the class in question, i. e.,
Eczema is the commonest form of skin trouble with which
we have to deal.

‘MANGE. On the other hand, the two varieties of Mange
are both due to the burrowing and biting proclivities of quite
highly organized creatures, the Mange Parasites, and Ring-
worm is due to a fungus or mold. Mange cannot exist
without the presence of the creatures that cause it, but it is
often accompanied by Eczema. The parasites by burrowing
and biting into the skin make minute wounds, thereby en-
abling the pus-producing Microbes to penetrate and start up
the same process they do in Eczema, so that Mange is really
always more or less complicated with Eczema. Sarcoptic
Mange occurs here and there all over the North American
Continent, but it is not very common. The particular para-
sites that cause it invade only the surface and upper layers
of the skin and easily pass from one dog to another and will
locate just as readily on an old dog as on a young one. But,
they are easily reached and destroyed with appropriate reme-
dies so that the trouble may without difficulty be cured. On
the other hand Follicular Mange occurs not at all uncommon-
ly in the Southern and Middle States. Its parasites burrow
deeply into the follicles of the skin and cannot be reached by
any external applications. Hence, it is a grave menace in any
kennel, though strange to say, it is not readily communicable
from one dog to another, and tends to infest puppies and
young dogs sooner than those of mature age. A _ single
dog in a kennel may be badly infested and all the others re-
main free, and a nursing bitch may remain free whilst her
entire litter is badly infested at as early an age as four weeks.
Follicular Mange is so insidious that it is often quite impos-
sible to account for its outbreak.

RINGWORM occurs only sporadically, consequently need
rarely be taken into consideration.

HIVES are seen in all kinds of young dogs, everywhere,
at all seasons.

HOW TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN ECZEMA,
MANGE AND THE OTHER TROUBLES. This is diff-
cult and sometimes impossible without the aid of the micro-
scope. In general, it may be said that practically all cases of
skin trouble, with the exception of FOLLICULAR MANGE
are productive of more or less scratching on the part of the
affected animal. This means that if any chronic inflammation
is seen, with or without the formation of purulent matter,
that tends to hang on and progressively but slowly involve

53

more and more of the skin and is not accompanied by itching
and in which the animal does not scratch itself and exhibits
an aversion to being scratched and which will not respond to
any form of treatment, the owner should be suspicious of
Follicular Mange. Follicular Mange is not characterized by a
typical appearance, though there are usually present purplish
pimples or pustules from which pus mixed with blood can
be squeezed. But, the disease sometimes exists merely as a
diffused angry-looking redness. Usually the hair falls out in
the affected areas, and there is present a peculiar mouse-
like odor. The rule is for the head and neck to be first af-
fected and then the feet.

In SARCOPTIC MANGE the head, neck, chest, belly and
paws are most commonly affected. In the early stages it is
seen as a lot of little pimples, which may contain water or pus
and as the disease progresses these coalesce and form more or
less extensive purulent areas covered with scabs and _ scales.
One of the most prominent symptoms is great itching as
shown by the animal’s intense delight when rubbed and
scratched, and it may also be noticed that the itching is great-
ly increased when the animal is brought near a “fire or is
covered with a warm blanket, the heat causing the parasites
to move around in a lively manner and tickle ‘the nerve-end-
ings.

ECZEMA may occur in any part of the body, in either sex,
at any age, though it tends to favor the head and neck, the
back near the root of the tail, the inside of the elbow, and
the inside of the thigh and feet. Various types may be seen
from simple redness to pimples and on to large purulent sur-
faces. As there is more or less irritation, there is usually
quite a bit of scratching, rubbing and biting.

RINGWORM occurs about the face and head and on the
abdomen and outer part of the hind legs. It is generally seen
as one or two round spots with a grayish or yellow crust
from which the hair falls.

HIVES. This trouble comes on suddenly and may ap-
pear without a minute’s warning over the entire body as a lot
of little swellings on which the hair looks staring.

FOR TREATMENT OF ALL SKIN TROUBLES, with
the exception of Follicular Mange, we have two sovereign
remedies, viz., TONIC GLOBULES and “ff”? SKIN SALVE.
If there is any uncertainty about recognizing which form of
skin trouble is present, the owner can never go wrong by
using these two preparations and in nine cases out of ten
will ‘rapidly effect a cure of the trouble. The “ff” Skin Salve
is destructive of Mange Parasites (excepting those of the
Follicular variety) and pus-producing Microbes, and therefore
should be used to clean up both these exciting factors. At the

54

TONIC GLOBULES

TONIC GLOBULES have been designed to get dogs
into condition so that they will STAY IN CONDITION.
The great objection to the so-called “condition-pills” and

“blood- purifying pills” is the profound reaction that fol-
lows the discontinuance of their administration, They are
mostly loaded with arsenic, and arsenic, like cocaine and
morphine, is inseparable from habit formation. If the
dosing is stopped, the body machinery moves backward
and the subject is very soon in a worse condition than be-
fore being treated. Not so with TONIG GLOBULES.
After the dog has reached the condition stage there is no
falling off or fading away of the good effects that have been
accomplished, but such good effects persist until the next
serious disease comes along.

If your dog lacks vitality, if his system needs building
up and invigorating, if his appetite needs awakening, if he is
convalescing from Distemper or any other weakening dis-
order, if you want to get him in shape for the next Show,
or renovate him from the depressing effects of a recent
round of the circuit, place your reliance on TONIC GLOB-
ULES. Neither you nor the dog will get “stung .

For ordinary cases, it fates! about 30 Globules for
small Dogs, 60 Globules for Dogs of medium size, and 90
Globules for large Dogs.

PRICE

Per Box of 30 Globules in U.S.A................... 25c
in’ Ganadawwic no 50c

in Great Britain......... 2s. 6d.

in France ::..2:2 <<<. 1s: 2s: Fr. 3

Per Kennel Box of 500 Globules in U. § as $3.
in Cane sodeee $5.

in Great Britain 21s.

in France ........ Fr. 25

oe
LN

us ‘
murkabte healing ©

PRICE

INCENTRATED

NON POISONG

Insecticidal Ingredients:
NET CONTENTS
APPROXIMATELY 3 QUNCES

Warhingfon, D.C uaa.

et

Dr. Cecil ffrench’s
MODERN DOG REMEDIES

The ffrench Remedy Company

“fi? SKIN SALVE

[Non-poisonous]

This is a product that presents many advantages over
the old-time crude ‘‘mange-cures. It comes in the form
of a thick paste, which may be used either as an ointment,
or with the addition of water, may be made into a liquid
application. It is a highly refined product, non-irritating
and soothing to the skin. It is free from unpleasant odor,
can easily be washed off, and is a wonderful hair-grower.
It is suitable to most inflammatory affections of the skin,
but in some cases the dry SKIN POWDER acts better,
particularly where there is much discharge, or where a
strictly parlor preparation is desired. It is impossible to
lay down any fixed rule tc guide one in this respect, but
each case of skin eruption must be treated according to the
indications. “ff” SKIN SALVE is suitable for the treat-
ment of Sarcoptic Mange and most dry Eczemas. It is
not suitable for Follicular Mange, which is true of all ex-
ternal applications.

PRICE
Per Tube in U.S: Ascck c.coscct acs coseeesenmes 50c
in) Canadarncse-cccosscensocneens ec ceeeeeeemre $1.
in Great’ Britain’ o2)2<...<-ssése00.c5-cososeeee 5s.
in France ..... Wi secetsccsce de osecassoseenases Fr. 6

“fi? SKEN, POW DER

[Non-poisonous]

SKIN POWDER is a soothing dessicant. It is useful
for drying up moist or weeping Eczemas and for those
cases of skin eruption that do not do well with wet appli-
cations. As it is clean and dry and free from odor and
does not stain, it is recommended for use on lap dogs and
house pets that are desired to be continually in contact with
their owners’ clothes and furniture. It is a sort of parlor
preparation whereas SKIN SALVE is more of a kennel

preparation.

PRICE
Per Cancin U. Siac icici isewes aceeecan 50c
TIGA A tet cesses ne ar center ghee an aneay $1.
in Great) Britain) <..25.¢.<2ss<cenescr ossceeeess 5s.
INPRTANCE Ic csencse cons ssicotecceusecccassccse sets Fr. 6

same time an effort should be directed towards toning up the
system to help the Blood-cells gain ascendency over the in-
vading Microbes. So potent are the Tonic Globules to stimu-
late the Blood-cells to a vigorous condition, that the worst
cases of Eczema are often cleared up within a couple of weeks
of treatment, even without the help of the “ff” Skin Salve.
Nevertheless, the “ff” Skin Salve should also be used to disin-
fect the skin and to destroy Mange Parasites in case the latter
are present and are not suspected. This combined line of
treatment should be persisted in until a decided improvement
is visible. It is rarely necessary to continue the treatment
longer than three or four weeks in the worst cases. Occa-
sionally, one meets wth cases of skin eruption which from
scratching on the part of the animal are rendered sore and
raw, and also cases where there is a profuse discharge of mois-
ture. These cases generally do better with applications in the
form of dry powder and to meet these requirements we ad-
vise the use of our “ff’ SKIN POWDER instead of the “ff”
SKIN SALVE, particularly should the latter appear to irri-
tate the raw surfaces.

For Follicular Mange there is, unfortunately, no simple
line of treatment that can be recommended in the ordinary
way. All external applications only make such cases worse.
In all suspected cases microscopic examination should be
resorted to to determine whether or not the disease is actually
present and then special methods of treatment adopted.

Ringworm should be treated internally with the TONIC
GLOBULES and externally by application of ordinary tinc-
ture of iodine.

Hives call for cleansing of the alimentary tract with our
PURGATIVE PILULES followed up with a course of
TONIC GLOBULES.

During any widespread infestation of Mange, Eczema, or
other skin trouble, the housing quarters should be kept
scrupulously clean and freely sprinkled with a solution made
with the “ff”? ANTISEPTIC TABULES, all litter and other
material without value being burned.

Sonte Ylo

GET DOGS*INTO CONDITION

58

ELEAS

The lively Flea has long been regarded as a comparatively
harmless individual. Such is not the case, however. As a
great intermediate carrying agent for the transmission of in-
fectious diseases he is a menace much to be feared. We know
for a fact that he is one of the means whereby tapeworm is
acquired, which is fully explained in the chapter on Worms.
Not only does he torture the animal in whose coat he takes up
his quarters, but by the irritation of his bites he will often
initiate troublesome skin eruptions. Furthermore, there is
a very good reason to fear that he may at times be the means
of carrying the Microbes of Distemper from one animal to
another, as also the Microbes of other troubles.

TREATMENT. In the Southern States and in Cali-
fornia, where veritable plagues of fleas are experienced at
times, it is practically impossible to keep dogs entirely free
from these parasites. No sooner have the effects of flea-
destroying preparations worn off, than fresh batches of the
little devils are just as numerous as ever. As soon as one
flea is killed a hundred come to its funeral! Many of the
preparations advertised to kill fleas merely narcotize them,
so that when their effects wear off, the fleas revive, and this
is particularly true of the various so-called dog soaps. The
surest way to kill fleas is to wash the animal and use some
good preparation that is poisonous to the fleas and harm-
less to the dog, of which there are many on the market, but
it must not be forgotten that in the course of a day or twoa
fresh outfit of fleas may put in an appearance, so that fre-
quent efforts at destruction become necessary. Our “ff”
FOAMING SHAMPOO will lay out fleas in quick time and
is particularly appropriate for Toy and House Dogs as it
possesses a delightfully refreshing odor. The Insect Powders are
not much good for killing fleas.

LICK

Lice are just about as bad as Fleas in their capacity to
transmit diseases, but they are not so commonly met with and
are not often found on dogs having short coats. They are
often found on French Poodles. They are easily recognized
as also their eggs or “nits” which may be seen attached to
individual hairs. They have a predilection for the Head, Ears,
and Neck.

TREATMENT. Whilst it is quite possible to completely
effect the destruction of the actual lice with appropriate pre-
parations, this is not the case with the eggs, and if these be
left in position they will later hatch and give rise to another
generation. The only successful way to eradicate this pest
is to clip the animal entirely from head to foot, thereby get-
ting rid of the eggs.

59

LOSS OPA

In certain breeds, such as the Mexican and Chinese, the
absence of hair is a racial characteristic, but in all coated
breeds, particularly in aged subjects, it is not uncommon to
observe circumscribed or generalized loss of hair. Loss of
hair may arise as a primary trouble, due to infection of the
hair follicles by a specific Microbe, but in the majority of cases
it is a complication of Eczema, Mange, or other skin troubles.
There is nearly always more or less loss of hair as a result
of any acute infectious disease, such as Distemper. When-
ever loss of hair takes place the skin generally, has a dry
and unthrifty appearance. The natural annual function of
coat-shedding, which takes place at the end of winter, must
not, of course, be mistaken for any disease process.

TREATMENT. Whether or not hair can be induced to
grow again on denuded surfaces depends altogether upon the
viability of the hair follicles. If the latter have not lost life,
there are no remedial agents that have more remarkably
stimulating action than the ingredients contained in our “ff”
SKIN SALVE. So remarkable is the capacity of this prepara-
tion to grow hair of almost any kind in almost any place, and
on account of its freedom from objectionable features and the
ease with which it can be applied and removed, that many
barbers and lady hair-dressers place the utmost reliance on it
and freely use it on the scalps of their patrons. The growth
of hair that follows its use on the dog is sometimes astonish-
ing.

WASHING DOGS

Discretion should be observed in the washing of dogs. To
wash a dog may seem a simple enough thing to do, but many
a dog has gone to his grave from the results of an im-
properly given bath. Most cases of pneumonia follow, the
wetting of the coat in cold weather either from a bath, the
rain, or a plunge into a stream. In other words, it is the com-
bination of cold and wet which is productive of disease,
whereas there is little danger from cold alone. After being
wet, the coat, particularly of long-haired dogs, retains a
certain amount of moisture for several hours no matter how
well it is dried with a towel. Prolonged and gradual evapora-
tion takes place and this is sufficient to chill the body if the
surrounding air be cold. The vitality is thereby lowered and
the Microbes, some varieties of which are always present and
ever alert to get in their deadly work, do their worst, and
pneumonia follows. The rule to observe is to wash the dog
at night time, dry him as thoroughly as possible with a towel,

60

“ffi FOAMING SHAMPOO
FOAMING SHAMPOO is vastly superior to all

so-called ‘“dog-soaps’ most of which are the cheapest pos-
sible composition and on account of the free alkali or crude
chemicals they contain are positively injurious to the coai
and skin. It not only contains refined medicaments which
are immediately destructive of fleas, but its cleansing
capacity is such that it penetrates to the pores of the skin,
drives out every particle of dirt and doggy odor, and by
its stimulating action on the cutaneous capillaries preserves
the glossiness of the coat so that the latter does not have
that dry and lifeless appearance which follows the use of
dog-soaps. Any person who has enjoyed a good shampoo
can appreciate how refreshed and invigorated a dog feels
after a good cleansing with this high-grade preparation.

FOAMING SHAMPOO is peculiarly adapted to the
Goats of Toy Dogs and House Pets.

PRICE
Per Bottle isso o.ssccceccen icacsanecoocesetseooton: 50c
mn Canadas eee ee cee eee $1.
in. Greats Britain...) <.ccsc0cess esacsceeeee 5s
ANPRFANCE o5265 75.56 See es eR nae Fr.6

and pen him in a warm room free from draughts, till the sun
has risen next day. Of course, this rule need not be observed
on hot summer days, when it is best to wash in the morning
so that the day’s heat will effect thorough drying before the
advent of the cooler night air. In any case, it is best to
wash puppies as little as possible. At all times it is best to
use tepid water. As regards the use of soap it must be said
that many of the so-called dog soaps are positively harmful
and to be avoided. Carbolic soaps are particularly dangerous
because of the extreme susceptibility of dogs to the poisonous
properties of this drug by its absorption through the skin.
If it is desired to use a soap, nothing is better than pure
Castile soap, the same as one would use for one’s own skin.
For thorough cleansing our “ff’ FOAMING SHAMPOO isa
particularly nice preparation for ladies’ pets and house dogs.
As a beautifier of the coat, it cannot be excelled and incident-
ally it kills fleas.

For neutralizing doggy odor, which is so unpleasant on
some animals, a bath in a solution made with the ‘ff’ AN-

TISEPTIC TABULES will prove very effective.

A dog should never be allowed to run loose immediately
after washing as he loves to finish up by a good roll on the
ground thereby necessitating a repetition of the cleansing
process much to the annoyance of the owner.

WOUNDS. CUTS. SORE FEET

The skin of the dog at all times swarms with the Microbes
that are capable of causing suppuration. But, as long as the
skin remains intact and the defensive power of the organism
does not fall below par, nothing out of the way happens and
things remain about normal. The skin acts as a sort of pro-
tective barrier interposed between the subjacent tissues and
the great horde of ravenous Microbes on the outside striving
for admission to the fertile feeding grounds beyond. Let there
be a breach in the continuity of this barrier in the form of a
cut or wound and the Microbes rush in. But Nature has pro-
vided an inherent means of defence in the form of the Blood-
cells which immediately mobilize at the threatened area,
form a protective layer about the adjacent tissues and proceed
to tackle the invaders. More or less of the Blood-cells lose
their lives in the fray and thus is formed the substance we
know as matter or pus, which is composed of dead Blood-
cells, Microbes and body-fluids. The same process goes on
that is described in the chapter on Distemper which the
reader is advised to carefully peruse. If this pus can drain
away by a free means of exit, the Blood-cells will soon win

62

the victory and expel the intruders and by the process known
as granulation gradually reunite the divided tissues. When
a dog licks a wound he is engaged in helping the drainage
process. Now, the skin of the dog is pretty tough and thick
and pus does not easily find its way out unless the opening
is of fair size or the skin itself is invaded and broken down,
but rather it tends to gravitate in the direction of least resist-
ance which is through the loose tissues lying immediately
beneath the skin and uniting the latter to the more solid
structures of the frame. It is the accumulation of undrained
pus that presents the great danger of wounds and cuts. Un-
drained pus rapidly increases in volume, ever burrowing in
a dependent direction till it bursts through at some weakened
spot at a lower level and thereby affords relief or by absorp-
nen pare the system gives rise to general blood-poisoning and
eath.

When a dog suffers from SORE PADS, almost the same
process goes on. The outer tough protective covering is
worn down to the point where it enables the Microbes to stir
things up in the softer tissues beneath. Sore Pads must be
distinguished from INTERDIGITAL ECZEMA, which is a
closely related trouble, but in which there is suppuration be-
tween the toes owing to the defensive power of the organism
being in an atonic condition. Both give rise to more or less
lameness.

TREATMENT. From what has been said above it will be
realized that the whole problem of treating wounds and sores
lies in affording efficient drainage and in assisting Nature to
do the rest. If the wounded area could be kept perfectly free
of infection, complete and rapid healing would always follow
and it is just this condition that surgeons strive to secure
when performing operations. But, as wounds are always sus-
tained when we are unprepared for them, we must always look
upon them as being infected and treat them accordingly. The
amateur invariably wants to sew up a gaping wound. This
is in most cases quite the wrong thing to do, considering the
conditions of exposure under which wounds in the dog have
to heal, and it is truly remarkable what exceedingly large
gaping wounds will eventually be drawn together and obliter-
ated by the granulation process and leave behind the barest
trace of a scar, which scar in a long-haired dog rarely remains
visible. Of course there are exceptions to this general rule, as
for instance, large slit-wounds of the Ear, commonly the result
of fighting, in which cases some stitching is usually advisable
to prevent permanent division. The first thing to do to a
wound of the skin is to clip away the hair from the surround-
ing parts so that no matting can subsequently take place
from the discharges. The next thing is to remove foreign

63

bodies and then to thoroughly cleanse and flush the interior
of the wound with a stream of a solution made with the “ff”
ANTISEPTIC TABULES dissolved in warm water and
directed on to the parts preferably by means of a fountain
syringe. The antiseptic cleansing should be carried out
thereafter two or three times daily until the parts are well
on the way to healing, and in the meantime particular atten-
tion given to possible burrowing of pus beneath the skin. As
long as there is any sign of discharge the opening which
usually tends to close too readily, should be kept open rather
than encouraged to heal.- If burrowing takes place it is
indicated by the development of a wheal. In that event, the
services of a competent practitioner should be sought at once
as an opening will have to be made lower down.

It is usually inadvisable to make use of bandages, gauze,
or absorbent cotton, as they all tend to imprison the dis-
charges whereas the object to be aimed at is .to give free
vent to the latter, and the attention the animal himself will
always bestow on the lesion is to be encouraged rather
than hindered; in any case, a dog will usually soon work his
nose under the most carefully applied bandage. The “ff”
Antiseptic Tabules, used in solution in the strength indi-
cated on the package, are entirely non-poisonous to the dog
and are to be employed in preference to any other substance
of a similar nature. Above all, solutions containing carbolic
acid must be rigorously avoided for the dog is highly suscep-
tible to the poisonous properties of this drug.

Sore Pads and Interdigital Eczema should be treated by
allowing the animal to rest and not use its feet more than
necessary and by soaking the paws for half an hour at a time,
three or four times daily, in a hot solution of the “ff”
ANTISEPTIC TABULES, and also by giving internally the
TONIC GLOBULES:

In some cases where sores and ulcers exhibit sluggishness
in healing they should be stimulated by a few applications of
CANKER GRANULE solution.

64

“ff? ANTISEPTIC TABULES

([Non=Poisonous]

The prime essentials of a Kennel Antiseptic are its
capacity to destroy the Microbes of Infectious Diseases and
its incapacity to exert any lethal effect on the Dog. If we
can add to these two requisites freedom from objectionable
odor and capacity to deodorize existing odors, we have as

near an ideal antiseptic as it is possible to produce.

Lat ei ANTISEPTIC TABULES: meet all
these requirements... They possess powerful antiseptic
roperties when dissolved in water and yet are absolutely
flees to the dog and can be swallowed with impunity.
They have a slight odor which, however, is not objection-
able and even refreshing. Usedin the bath as a deoderant
with which to destroy doggy odor they are unsurpassed.
They are made up in uniform strength so that it is only
necessary to dissolve one Tabulein a quart of water for any
purpose whatever, either for washing wounds, for applying
to the skin in mange and eczematous disorders, for soaking
sore and cut feet in, and for washing out the kennel in or-
der to exterminate Distemper and other Microbes.

PRICE
Per Vial of 6 Tabules in U.S.A... ..............55. 25c
in Ganada \ <.22-:..5.0c:-.c.. 50e
in Great Britain ............ 2s.6d.
in France sse)0.c.c.se00ssseee5s Fr. 3
Per Kennel Box of 100 Tabules in U.S.A....... $3.
in Canada..... ... $5.
in Great Britain 21s.
in France ......... Fr, 25

65

TERMS

STRICTLY CASH WITH ORDER. No charge
accounts are carried. Remittance in full must
accompany every order and should be in the form of
postal Or express money order only. Stamps will be
accepted, as also coin, but the sending of such must be at
the sender's risk, and we are not willing to assume respon-
sibility if such do not reach our hands.

To insure safe delivery of packages by mail, 10c extra
should be enclosed for registration.

All remedies are mailed or expressed prepaid to any
part of the United States or Canada free of charge to the
purchaser. For other points a sufficient sum must be re-
mitted to cover cost of transportation, but small packages
usually go through as samples and free of duty.

All orders are promptly attended to and the goods
shipped the day the order isreceived. Itshould be temem-
bered, however, that merchandise, when mailed, goes as
fourth-class matter, and rarely travels as fast as first-class
matter, for which reason there is sometimes delay in its
delivery. To obviate such delay, particularly in cases of
persons residing at a distance, it is suggested that the 1ocal
druggist be requested to keep a stock of the remedies on
hand, but it should be insisted that he send for these par-
ticular remedies and not for substitutes.

Some of these remedies are perishable if subjected to
extremes of heat, such as being placed against the steam
pipes in the mail cars. ny goods damaged in transit will
be cheerfully and promptly replaced without extra expense,
provided they are returned in the condition in which they
were received.

66

SOME REAL HUSTLERS

Who do not KEEP our Preparations but SELL Them

TNS OS: At
ALABAMA
late elle aercmteis 2 Puckett & Orr °
Moi teens ess iste ac National Drug Store
ALASKA
Hot Springs: 30°. 5... Morrison & Company
ARIZONA
Phoewix s.......2. cn Drug Company
ARKANSAS
Flot Springs 2... -. Saul’s Drug Store
CALIFORNIA
Burlingame) 2... -- The Miller Drug Company
ones Beaches a: Oakford Drug Company
KospAniveles™. 3... The Central Drug Company
The Germain Seed & Plant Company
L. M. Grider’s Birdland
@Oaikdlanicditear serene The Golden Gate Pet Stock Company
IPG 5550.05 aioe H. H. Webb, Druggist
Sane D1emO" feces sie esan Diego Bird Store
San Francisco ....The Ferry Drug Store
Robison Bros. Bird Store
Any Wakelee Pharmacy
COLORADO
Colorado Springs.. Robinson Drug Company
Denver mua. . ass Any Scholtz Drug Company Store
DISERICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington ...... Lewis Flemer’s Drug Stores
Schmid’s Bird Store
W. S. Thompson Pharmacy
FLORIDA
Jacksonvalleteaes The Bettes Pharmacy
Delgado’s Pharmacy
Cottondale sn. The City Drug Store
GEORGIA
Covington ys... - The City Pharmacy

67

TUE LNOUS
Bloomington ..... H. J. Frey, Druggist
Chicago. 4772005 2% The Economical Drug Company
122 N. State Street
Horner’s Pharmacy
Cor. Elston and Montrose Avenues

FP eOridee ss sae eee Dekroytft’s Pharmacy

Wilmington ...... Cassingham & Sons, Druggists
IOWA

Atlantic ...........Lewis & Harrison, Druggists

eViOnSee ee ecu car George W. Schenk, Druggist
KANSAS

Topeka+./o03-. 0. F. H. Durant,-Drugeist

Wichita, 9 aieeraee Cookson Drug Company
Ke BNA GKe ys

IGS aEONN a4 Bonne Barnes & Hall, Druggists
LOUTSTANA

Baton Rouge ....H. C. Paulsen & Son, Druggists
MAINE

Dexter ~.:..: 2... »Déxter,,Pharmacy

IPoymilewaell Sou oso oe H. H. Hay Sons’ Drug Store
MARYLAND

Baltimore sae sete The- John Maurice Company

Thomas & Thompson’s Drug Store

MASSACHUSETTS
Boston «eee eecne Iver Johnson Sporting Goods Co.
Any Jaynes ot Louis K. Liggett Store
Thomas Hollis & Co., Druggists
UE aah A eid do onedeeee Frank H. Broad, Pharmacist
Davis & Young, Druggists
J. Maro-Harriman Drug Company

Springivelid: S556 Frank S. Stone, Druggist

SRatiMEOm semmecrsee F. W. Guillo, Druggist
MICHIGAN

Mietroity v1ee boro Edward’s Bird Store

Royce & Passmore’s Bird Store
Sault Ste. Marie...Joseph Maltas, Druggist

MINNESOTA

Glenwood “......5.. Clements Drug Company
MISSOURI

Higginsville ...... Land & Field, Druggists

St. Louis .........Spratts’ Patent [Limuted

68

MONTANA

Bete ygsicesiere oe siereto.< Newbro Drug Company
NEW JERSEY
Burlington ........John Riggs, Druggist
East Millstone ...J. C. Thatcher, Druggist
INiewark \feec- faces Edward L. Bucher’s Bird Store

Chas. W. Menk, Druggist
The Newark Bird Store
George H. Schoner’s Bird Store
Spratt’s Patent Limited
Plaintteld ......:..@he ‘City Pharmacy
Dudley S. Miller Company, Druggists
West New York...West New York Pharmacy

NEW YORK
INU atalyakeran te ae lea: W. M. Whitney & Company
Buttalo.. ae sae ota. S. O. Barnum & Son Company
Bert J. Putnam’s Bird Store
Gloversville .......W. G. Demarest’s Drug Store
Hudson Falls ....Smalley’s Pharmacy

New York City... Reeder Brothers’ Drug Store
415 Madison Avenue
Any Riker-Hegeman or Louis K. Lig-
gett Store
Springside Dog Palace
29 East Fourth Street

Rochester 4s. 5... Walter F. MacGuire, Pharmacist

Rockville Centre.. John F. Klipp, Pharmacist

Schenectady ..:... Walker’s Pharmacy
NORTH CAROLINA

Valero eee se ste ete ate F. W. Parker Drug Company
OHIO

Gincinnati cs. «2% Dow’s Drug Store

@leveland. 5 .5.0c5 Physicians & Surgeons Pharmacy

Matriettamss essen eA Ja hichards.. Driceist
OREGON

Portland 2:0 We. os Clarke, Woodward Drug Company
PENNSYLVANIA

INIGOOM Aa een G. Casanave’s Harness Store

Bryn Mawr <:.5 .. Moore’s Pharmacy

Greensburg detest S. P. Brown, Druggist

Harry Thomas, Druggist

McKeesport ...... C. L. Kelly’s Seed Store

Philadelphians... Any Geo. B. Evans Drug Store
RHODE ISLAND

NENA DOMEN to GeiaSome Jeekeleoraly & Company, Druggists

69

SOUTH DAKOTA

A\berdeentaer tein The Lacey Drug Company
Rasmussen Drug Company
Rleditiell dig egret cr: C. B. Warne, Druggist
TENNESSEE
Greeneville’ .<....2. The Square Drug Store
VERMONT
Baglinetoiere re. Bellrose Pharmacy
VIRGINIA
ILaranle oybbeee Goose se C. H. S. Snead & Co., Druggists
Norfolk 2272. ...Mrss F. Mudd's Bird (Store
Martin’s Pharmacy
Pulaskiws... shcciaer Seagle’s Pharmacy
WASHINGTON
Seatbles G2 Simew eos Piper & Taft, Sporting Goods Dealers
WISCONSIN
Wala Crosse: wasceck Hebberd & Company, Druggists
Malwa ye erneee Milwaukee Pet Stock Store
IN CANADA
ALBERTA
Callcanyaoeee ce i James Findlay Drug Company
Bidmomtony s.seace Geo. H. Graydon, Pharmacist

BRITISH COLUMBIA
New Westminster..H. Ryall, Drugegist

iatlGotuvier eee Cunningham Drug Store No. 2

WiGtOilaria ee eee D. E. Campbell, Druggist
MANITOBA

Witinipes ...teee. Hingston-Smith Arms Company
NEW BRUNSWICK

Stet olin oan ees H. Chipman Smith & Co., Druggists
NOVA SCOTIA

lahalbhizee Aj onancococ 3rown Bros. & Co., Chemists
ONTARIO

lalevardlitom 55666500 Parke & Parke, Druggists

Optawaksneth sana Weldon J. Graham, Druggist

Toronto. sees soon e Hennessey Drug Co., Ltd.

E. G. West & Co., Druggists

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
Charlottetown ....E. A. Foster, Druggist

70

QUEBEC

IMontgealiins seco Dowler’s Pharmacy
@uchecew areccee. L. E. Martel, Pharmacist

Henry Willis, Dispensing Chemist
Westmount <...:- William S. Stone, Druggist

IN NEWFOUNDLAND

Sis HOt Soosesosene McMurdo & Company, Druggists

This Space Reserved for Other

HUSTLERS

Who Want to Join Our Agents’
Procession and Push
Along a Good
Thing

Only Druggists
Sporting Goods Dealers
and Bird and Seed Stores

are Eligible

SEND IN YOUR APPLICATIONS
BEFORE IT’S TOO LATE

71

A\reniseui st) (Otic eustetemta tore
Antiseptic Tabules, ‘‘ff’’.
Artificial Feeding of Puppies
(illustrations )
TOs MMcT aE Sons ono oo8.8
@Ganker, of “the: Harte. 222 2 35
Canker Granules (illustration)
Canker of the Mouth
Capsules,
tion )
Convulsions
Cuts.
Diarrhea
Diseases,
Diseases
Organs
Distemper
Dysentery
Kar, Canker
Oh, Sao noe eae 2 ot cd
Eezema, Interdigital
Emergency Emetic
tion )
Enteric Globules (illustration)

Vermicide (illustra-

Skin
of

Eye Powder, ‘‘ff’’ (illustra-
LBKOnat) ie iGeceouosoRGrD o picad.oro,> Gado cao

Hyes, Film over the.......--

Eyes, Inflammation of the.

“fe? Antiseptic Tabules (illus-

tration )
‘tf’? Hye Powder
[RON Ol oes & clone aise ceased ot bo Of
“ff? Foaming Shampoo (illus-
tration )

(illustra-

‘re’? Skin Powder (illustra-

GLOTI) ecyalete. slop sucKe ations ie freeones a
“fe? Skin Salve (illustration )
Heed, dows to? ta ..< cc elere eo =
Feeding of Puppies, Artifical

(illustrations) ....-.-...-;
Weetas Ole ces cietcnssiares i=) semene
Film over the Eye .......-.--
HUE See ieee soir cxctike = ohemsasuemelts
IMIS, Als e.8 co Aico Gicany te cose: d-cuo- oko
Foodstuffs, Proper ......---
WMOnewOLGoy sect- -< Gueteee Ed keohe

Globules, Enteric (illustration )

Globules, Tonic (illustration)
Granules, Canker (illustra-

PIO) Stee easteke neadiehe sentells) shaker
Hair, oss Of. cs = oe -
ET WG Site ic cee ene lore entaata us garrenne meter sete
Hookworms (illustration)....

INDEX

Housebreak, How to
low toed! si. sae hae
How to Give Medicines......
Inflammation of the Eyes....
Interdigital Eczema ........
Intestinal Worms.........:.
LiCG) wes ae Re aa ee
Loss of Hair
Mange osseous Biers pee) eee
Meals Daily, Number of....
Medicines, How to give
Mouth, Canker of the
Mouth, Warts in the
Nerye Storms
Pads, Sore

Powder, ““ff’?’? Bye (illustra-
ELOM,)) apeus’ hel cnchace cul een eee
Powder, ‘‘ff’’ Skin Powder
(Gis taration))in cs fe ere
Puppies, Artificial Feeding of
(allustratrons)) 6. one
Purgative Pilules . (illustra
TOT) EL ES Gross ta tee ee eee
RINE Worm’ 0 soln. cnceien eee

Roundworms (illustration)
Shampoo, ‘‘ff’’ Foaming (illus-
tration)” scat e sare ae
Skin Diseases
Skin Powder,
tion)
Skin
tion) =. Saas eee eee
Sore. Meet cj. cdi. eaters
Sore Pads iit. essere
Tabules, ‘‘ff’’ Antiseptic (illus-
tration )

‘ff’? “(illustra-

Salve,

Tapeworms (illustration)
Teeth ihe! 25 son ci eee
Terms. Ft Po Boos, cie.ausiep see eke ore
Monewey Sp lacky .cy-est. cecnaen teens
Tonic Globules (illustration) .
TORING | Se vs'c kN een cee eNOS
Urinary Organs, Diseases of
1) (ce ROPER RIPE IS GO Onc Soc
Vermicide Capsules (illustra-
LIOWYs~ Zs b aetk sue yeas Gera
Warts in the Mouth .......
Was bie? DO esi! 3 a0 0s 2 oon meeenene
Worms, Hook (illustration). .
Worms: Jntestiniall is ciee seen
Worms, Round (illustration) .
Worms, Tape (illustration). .
Wounds: 4:6): is wie are eee

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