;liii!in;iiP>:!:i mmim FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS OR THE ZOOLOGY OF THE SANDWICH (HAVVAHAN) ISLES Being Results of the Explorations instituted by tlie Joint Committee appointed by THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON FOR PROMOTING NATURAL KNOWLEDGE AND THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE And carried on with the assistance of those Bodies and of the Trustees of THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM AT HONOLULU. EDITED BY DAVID SHARP, M.B., M.A., F.R.S. SECRETARY OF THE COMMITTEE. VOLUME III. PART I. DIPTERA BY P. H. GRIMSHAW. Pages 1—77 ; Plates /, //, ///, laicoloured. CAMBRIDGE : AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS 1 90 1 7^,,, z J 7 \_All Rights reservedA IJecembei' ^oth, 1901. ^ Honoon: C. J. CLAY and SONS, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, AVE MARIA LANE. ffllasflota: 50, WELLINGTON STREET. leipjtti; F. A. BROCKHAUS. l^etoBork: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. 352073 346 H3f2 I>^i/U J. sL^ W FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS \ Ofi- ^kj^ 7 -ji ^O '-^'^ viciAArUA'^. C /-/(iL-: ) -4- .- Contributions have been made or W. H. ASHMEAD ... The Lord Avebury, F.R.S. F. E. Beddard, F.R.S. ... M. A. DOLLFUS Prof. Auguste Forel P. H. Grimshaw, F.E.S. G. W. Kirkaldy, F.E.S. E. Meyrick, F.Z.S. R. C. L. Perkins, B.A. ... R. I. PococK D. Sharp, F.R.S. ... A. E. Shipley, M.A. M. EuG. Simon The Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing, F.R.S. E. R. Sykes, F.Z.S. The Lord Walsingham, F.R.S. It is also intended to give a list in the Islands. promised by the following, viz. Hymeftoptera Parasitica. Thysamira and Colle^nbola. Earthworms. Isopod Crustacea. Fonnicidae. Diptera. Hemiptera. Macrolepidoptera. {Hymenoptera Acitleata, Orthoptera, \ Nettroptera, and part of Coleoptera. Myriapoda. Part of Coiecptera. Parasitic Worms. Arachnida. AmpJiipod Crustacea. Mollusca. Microlepidoptera . of the Vertebrates, with their distribution, N.B. The parts of the three Volumes are being published concurrently in order to expedite the completion of the work. The price of each part will vary according to its extent and the number of Plates. Subscribers to the whole work will be charged half-price for each part. The parts will be sent, as published, to each subscriber who has paid for the preceding part. Those who wish to be subscribers, should send name and address either directly to C. J. Clay & Sons, Cambridge Warehouse, Ave Maria Lane, London, E.C., or through any bookseller. Payments for each part should also be made to Messrs C. J. Clay & Sons. ■ o. FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS V C CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS llonDon: FETTER LANE, E.C. C. F. CLAY, Manager l!F6mliirgt) : loo, PRINCES STREET Uontion: WILLIAM WESLEY AND SON, 28, ESSEX STREET, STRAND ISerlin: A. ASHER AND CO. JLtipjifl: F. A. BROCK HAUS i^Eto gorfe: G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS Bombai) ant ffaltiilla: MACMTLLAN AND CO., Ltd. A/i rights reserved CAROLO R. BISHOP, VIRO HONTORATISSIMO, QUI ANIMO BEXEVOLENTE ET MANU PROFUSA INSULIS HAWAIIENSIBUS SCIENTIAE CAUSA INSTITUTIONEM MAGNIFICAM STABILIVIT, OPUS HOC INSCRIBITUR. CONTENTS OF VOLUME III. DiPTERA BY P. H. Gri.mshaw (Plates I — III) .... DirTERA (SUPPLEMENT) BV P. H. GRIMSHAW .... DlPTERA PUPIPARA BV P. SPEISER Hemiptera BV G. W. KiRKALDV (Plates IV and V) Coleoptera.Caraboidea BV D. Sharp (Plates VI and VII) ThVSANUKA BV F. SiLVESTRI (Plate VIII) .... COLLEMBOLA BV G. H. CARPENTER (Plate IX) Mallophaga BV \'. L. Kellogg and B. L. Chapman (Plate X) RIVRIOPODA BV F. SiLVESTRI (Plates XI and XII) .... ARACHNIDA (SUPPLEMENT! BV E. SiMON Macrolepidoptera (supplement) BV E. Mevrick COLEOPTERA CLERIUAE TO HVDROPHILIDAE BV D. SHARP AND HUGH SCOTT (Plates XIII— XVI) COLEOPTERA VARIOUS (ANOBIIDAE AND GENERAL SUPPLEMENT) BV R. C. L. Hugh Scott and D. Sharp Strepsiptera BV R. C. L. Perkins Thvsanoptera BV R. S. Bagnall (Plates XVII — XIX) Acarina BV X. D. F. Pearce Nineteen plates as mentioned above Perkins, PAGE I 79 86 93 1/5 293 299 305 323 339 345 367 581 667 669 702 . SS3/ 7 flS^r'f- DIPTERA By p. H. GRIMSHAW DIPT ERA. "''/.^v By Percy H. Grimshaw. ^"'^■'^ Introduction. In the following pages 172 species of Diptera are recorded as inhabiting the Sandwich Islands. \'er}' little was known of this section of the fauna previous to the visits of Mr Perkins — indeed I have only been able to find 22 species recorded (although I believe I have consulted all the available literature). — together with three or four referred to certain genera but not specifically identified. Of these. 10 appear to be represented in the present collection, 9 are practically cosmopolitan, while 9 were originally described from these islands. In the present contribution I have found it necessan,' to describe 106 species as new to science, and for the reception of 13 of these I have ventured to characterise 6 new genera. The collection formed by Mr Perkins being a comparatively small one, and the other published records being so few, it would be unwise to discuss at any length any peculiarity in the distribution of the species that may appear to be indicated by the few specimens obtained. I may, however, point out that out of the total number of 172 species no fewer than 134 have hitherto been obtained from only a single island. As at present known, the distribution in the various islands is as follows : Ao. of species. JSo. of peculiar Peruntage of species. peculiar species. Kauai 27 14 52 Oahu 40 24 60 Molokai 29 17 59 Lanai 18 8 44 Maui 22 15 68 Hawaii 88 56 64 In proportion to the number of species obtained, the Drosophilidae are unusually well represented, and include two new and remarkable generic forms. The Tipulidae (sensu stricto) have not yet been found on any of the islands, but their allies the F. H. III. I 2 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS LImnobiidae are represented by at least nine species, including one belonging to the very interesting genus Styringomyia, originally founded upon specimens preserved in copal. It is curious, and perhaps significant, that the Orthorrhapha Brachycera, an important section of the order, are very sparsely represented (including only an unidentified species of Sargus, 1 1 Dolichopodidae, and an imported species of Scenopimts). The Tabanidae are dependent upon the presence of mammals, and hence their absence is easily accounted for, but it is somewhat astonishing that not a single specimen belonging to the large families Asilidae, Bombyliidae, or Empidae has yet been obtained. Fam. MYCETOPHILIDAE. SciARA Meigen. (i) Sciai'a violokaiensis, sp. nov. %. Long. corp. i^^mm. ; al. 2^^ mm. Antennae blackish, joints of scape lighter, those of flagellum sessile, twice as long as broad. Head black, palpi yellow. Thorax black, shining, humeri yellowish, pleurae yellowish, but dark above the intermediate coxae, halteres yellowish with dark club. Abdomen reddish-brown, hind borders of the segments, especially of the apical ones, darker, venter yellow. Legs pale, all the coxae and femora yellow, the latter with a black spot at the extreme base, tibiae yellowish with the spurs conspicuous and whitish, tarsi brownish, becoming darker towards the tip. Wings greyish hyaline, costal and first and third longitudinal veins darker and stronger than the rest, first longitudinal vein ending at half the length of the wing, before the base of the fork and opposite the tip of the sixth vein ; distance between the tips of the first and third veins four times that between the tip of the third vein and the termination of the costal ; anterior branch of the fork ending midway between its posterior branch and the tip of the third vein ; termi- nation of the fifth vein midway between the posterior branch of the fork and the sixth vein ; furcation of fifth and sixth veins near the base of the wing and con- siderably before the origin of the anterior cross vein. Hab. Molokai Mts., 6500 ft, September 1893, one female. Plate L fig. I, wing. Platyura Meigen. ( I ) Platyura fuscocostata, sp. nov. %. Long. Corp. 6 mm. ; al. 6^ — 7 mm. Antennae short and broad, first, second and basal half of third joints yellow, remaining joints dark brown, third joint elongated, more than twice the length of the succeeding joints, which are sessile and a little DIPTERA 3 broader than long. Face and palpi with white tomentum, vertex and occiput shining black. Thorax dark fuscous, almost black, collar and shoulders whitish, pleurae dark and shining, whitish beneath the shoulders, scutelluni and metanotum dark, halteres with pale stem and nearly black knob. Abdomen dark, segments two to five with a yellow posterior border. Coxae dark, those of fore and intermediate legs paler towards the apex, fore femora and all the tibiae testaceous, hind femora and all the tarsi dark brown. Wings longer than the body, hyaline, apices and hind margins tinged with fuscous, costal, subcostal and marginal cells dark fuscous. Costal vein extending beyond the junction with the third longitudinal vein half the distance from that point to the tip of the anterior branch of the fourth longitudinal, auxiliary vein terminating opposite the origin of the third vein, first longitudinal vein ending opposite the end of the sixth longitudinal vein, anterior branch of third vein terminating in the costa at two-thirds of the distance from the tip of the first to the tip of the posterior branch of the third vein, furcation of fifth and sixth veins opposite the origin of the third vein, seventh vein short but distinct. H.\B. Hawaii, Kilauea, August 1896, a single female. — Maui, a specimen without abdomen (? sex) from Haleakala, 5000 ft., October, 1896. Plate I. figs. 2 — 3, wing, and base of % antenna. (2) Platyura hawaiiensis, sp. nov. Long. Corp. ,? ? 5 millim. ; al. t 4, % 5 — 6 millim. Antennae in Z about twice as long, in $ about as long as the thorax, brownish- black, with the first two and basal half of the third joints yellow, in ^ the joints at the base of the flagellum twice as long as broad, towards the apex more slender, and at least three times as long as broad, all covered with a short regular pubes- cence, in % all the joints a little longer than broad and more uniform. Thorax reddish-yellow, black-haired, with two broad lateral black stripes which are abbreviated in front, leaving the humeri yellow, but confluent behind, metanotum dark, scutellum dark in two of the specimens but lighter in' the third, halteres yellow. Abdomen of ,? slender, clavate, of ? broader, first segment wholly yellow or reddish-yellow, second yellow with the basal half blackish, succeeding segments blackish with broad yellowish posterior bands. Legs pale, apices of tibiae and the whole of the tarsi dark. Wings hyaline, with the apices and hind margins tinged with fuscous, sixth vein slightly clouded ; auxiliary vein terminating a little before the origin of the third vein, the venation otherwi.se very like that of the preceding species. Hab. Hawaii, Olaa, July 1895, one male ; Kilauea, one female, September 1895 ; Kona, one female, 4000 ft., September 1892. Plate L fig. 4, base of t antenna. I — 2 FA UNA HA WAIIENSIS (3) Platyura insularis, sp. nov. %. Long. Corp. 4^ mm. ; al. 4 mm. Antennae about half the length of the thorax, first, second, and basal half of third joints yellow, remaining joints dark brown, those of the flagellum about as broad as long, pubescent, palpi yellow. Thorax dirty-yellow, clothed with black hairs which are short on the dorsum but longer behind and at the sides, scutellum brownish, halteres yellow. Abdomen black, shining, first segment dark, second to fifth segments each with a transverse posterior band of yellow. Legs pale, tarsi darker. Wings hyaline, apices tinged with fuscous and the sixth vein clouded, in one specimen also a slight clouding at the origin of the fourth vein ; auxiliary vein abbreviated, not reaching the costa, anterior branch of the third vein terminating about midway be- tween the tip of the first vein and the tip of the posterior branch of the third vein. Hab. Molokai Alts., 3000 ft., September 1893, one female. — Hawaii, Kona, 4CXX) ft., July 1892, one female. Two males, in bad condition, from Koholuamano, Kauai and Wainae Mts., Oahu, 3000 ft., respectively, may also belong to this species. Plate L fig. 5, base of $ antenna. Fam. CHIROXOMIDAE. Chironomus Meigen. ( I ) Chironomus hawaiiensis, sp. nov. Long. Corp. ,? 5, ? 5—6 mm. ; al. ^ 3, ? 3— oi mm- Z. Head and basal joints of antennae yellow, palpi yellowish-brown, plumes of antennae light yellowish-brown, eyes black. Thorax with the ground-colour whitish, almost silvery, in some specimens with a slight greenish tinge, two anterior approxi- mated dorso-central and two posterior lateral abbreviated stripes reddish-brown, the three lines of ground-colour thus left furnished with rather long very pale hairs ; pleurae and scutellum greenish-grey, the latter with long pale yellow hairs, metanotum reddish-brown, halteres pale. Abdomen slender, yellowish-grey, with light yellow hairs, each segment with a triangular basal dark brown spot, the apex of which points backward while the base extends completely across the segment, apical segments almost entirely dark. Legs light yellow, all the femora with a brown ring near the apex, fore legs except the femora, bare, with the tibiae a little more than half the length of the metatarsi, basal third and tip of tibiae brown, tips of all the tarsal joints likewise brown, intermediate and hind legs long-haired, tips and bases of the DIPTERA 5 tibiae and tips of the tarsal joints brown. Wings whitish hyaline, anal angle prominent, transverse vein dark, rest of venation pale. ?. Similar to the male, terminal joints of the antennae dark and slender, legs almost bare. H.^B. Oahu, Waialua, Koolau range, three males and three females from the beach and coast, February 1893. Plate I. figs. 6 and 7, wing and % antenna. Orthocladius V. d. Wulp. ( I ) Orthocladiits, sp. Two females belonging to this genus, not in sufficiently good condition for description, were obtained at Haleakala, Maui, 5000 ft., in March 1894. Tanvtarsus V. d. Wulp. (i) Tany tarsus lacteiclavus, sp. nov. ^ %. Long. corp. 2 mm. ; al. if mm. Antennae light brown. Thorax uniform blackish-brown, halteres pale, almost milky-white. Abdomen dark-brown, genitalia of t conspicuous, light yellowish. Legs light brown, hairy, fore metatarsi not quite half as long again as the fore tibiae, all the tibiae darker at the tip, all the metatarsi ringed with white at the base and apex, remaining joints of the tarsi unicolorous. Wings hyaline and uniformly hairy. Hab. Kauai. Koholuamano, six males and two females (all gummed on one card), April 1895. Ceratopogon Meigen. (1) Ceratopogon, sp. Three imperfect specimens of a species belonging to this genus, two of which are males, were beaten from trees, Wainae Mts., Oahu, 3000 ft., in April 1892. Drawings of the wing, the apical joints of the male antennae, and the end of the fore foot in the same sex, are given in Plate I. figs. 8 — 10. In the last joint of the loot there represented I would draw attention to the remarkable excavation on the upper side of the base, a feature which, so far as I am aware, has not hitherto been noticed in members of this genus. 6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Fam. PSYCHODIDAE. PsYCHODA Latreille. (i) Psychoda alternata Say. Psychoda alternata Say, Long's Exped. Appendix, p. 358 (1824). Hab. Hawaii, six specimens from Kona, 2000 ft., September 1892, are so like British examples of this species, which, according to the Rev. A. E. Eaton, is the same as P. sexpunctata Curtis (Ent. Mo. Mag. 1898, p. 123) that I hesitate to describe them as distinct. (2) Psychoda inornata, sp. nov. Long. Corp. i mm. ; al. 2 mm. Wholly yellowish, covered with light yellow hairs. Antennae nearly as long as the body, joints moniliform, with long verticils of pale yellow hair. Wings hyaline, without spots, veins and margins with long pale hairs which are longest at the anal portion of the margin. H.AB. Hawaii, three specimens (sex undetermined) from Kona, 4000 ft., August 1892. Plate L fig. 11, wing. Fam. CULICIDAE. CuLEX Linn. (1) Culex taeniatus Wied. Hab. Oahu. Half-a-dozen female specimens from Kaala Mts., 1500 ft., March 1892, agree exactly with examples so named in the British Museum from Jamaica and elsewhere. The species appears to be almost cosmopolitan, and its synonyms are too numerous to give in this place. Fam. LIMNOBHDAE. LiMNOBiA Meigen. (i) Liiiinobia perkinsi, sp. nov. ^ %. Long. Corp. 4 — 5 mm. ; al. 5^ — 7 mm. Antennae dark brown. Thorax yellow, with the following dark brown markings : a broad central stripe, commencing at the anterior margin and widening out behind the humeri so as to cover the whole DIPTERA 7 of the dorsum except two very short central stripes and two small lateral spots im- mediately in front of the suture; behind the suture four slender stripes, two central and two lateral, the former continued over the scutellum ; metanotum- dark ; halteres with yellow base, dark stem and yellow club. Abdomen brown, banded with yellow on the fore borders of the segments, venter yellowish. Legs yellow, femora conspicuously banded with dark brown at the tip, tibiae very slightly darker at the tip. Wings hyaline, with the marginal cross-vein, origin of 2nd vein, origin of 3rd vein, anterior and posterior cross-veins, base of fork ot anterior branch of 4th vein and transverse vein closing discal cell, clouded with fuscous, a slight clouding also at junction of the 1st, 4th and 5th longitudinal veins. Auxiliary vein terminating opposite the origin of the 3rd vein, anterior branch of 4th vein bifurcating considerably before the end of the discal cell, posterior transverse vein before the middle of the discal cell. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, two males, 2000 — 3000 ft., Sept. — Oct. 1892. — Oahu, Honolulu, November 1896, one female. Plate I. fig. 12, wing. DicRANOMYiA Stephens, (i) Dicrauo7iiyia apicalis, sp. nov. Long. Corp. ,? 7, $ 6 — 7 mm. ; al. ^ 8, $ 7 — 9 mm. Ochraceous ; head yellow, frons in % silvery, antennae pale with ist joint dark fuscous. Thorax with pale yellow central stripe and sides of mesonotum light brown ; pronotum light yellow with brown lateral spots ; metanotum, scutellum and halteres pale. Abdomen brownish, Z genitalia dark brown, % with ovipositor reddish-yellow. Legs pale, femora with a black ring at the tip, tibiae slightly infuscated at the tip. Wings yellowish hyaline, not spotted, stigma light brown, auxiliary vein terminating opposite to or a little before, and sub- costal cross-vein considerably before, the origin of the 2nd vein. Hab. Hawaii, Olaa, one male and two females, July 1895, and December 1896. — Lanai, 2000 ft., one female, December 1893. Plate L fig. 13, male genitalia. (2) Dicraucviiyia /lawaiiciisis, sp. nov. $ $. Long. Corp. 6 — 7 mm. ; al. 7 mm. Head and front cinereous, antennae dark brown with the two basal joints yellow. Thorax yellowish-cinereous, mesonotum with a double central dark brown stripe reaching from the anterior margin to the transverse suture, and two lateral patches of the same colour commencing behind the humeri and reaching to the scutellum, which is cinereous ; metanotum cinereous above with the sides fuscous ; halteres pale, base of club darker. Abdomen dark brown, segments narrowly 8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS edged with yellow posteriorly. Legs very slender, with the femora dark, slightly thicker and distincdy tipped or ringed with pale yellow at the apex, tibiae and tarsi light brown. Wings hyaline, stigma brown, oval and well-marked, base of 2nd longitudinal vein and all the transverse veins slightly infuscated, termination of auxiliary vein opposite, and subcostal transverse vein opposite or nearly opposite, the origin of the 2nd longitudinal vein. Hab. Hawaii, Hilo, 2000 ft., January 1896, two males (one in bad condition). — Kauai, one male, 4000 ft., Oct. 1895; Koholuamano, four females, April 1895. — • Molokai Mts., one male and four females, 3000 — 4500 ft., Sept. 1893 and June 1896. — Maui, one male, Haleakala, 5000 ft., May 1896. (3) Dicranomyia brunnea, sp. nov. ^ %. Long. corp. 5 — 7 mm. ; al. 7 — 9 mm. Head, antennae and palpi fuscous. Thorax and scutellum entirely brownish-ochraceous to dark brown ; halteres fuscous. Abdomen blackish-brown, unicolorous. Legs brown, tibiae and tarsi distinctly hairy, especially the latter, claws of I large, about half as long as the last tarsal joint. Wings hyaline, stigma very pale, termination of auxiliary vein and position of subcostal trans- verse vein as in D. hazvaiicusis. Hab. Hawaii, one male and one female, Hilo, 2000 ft., Jan. 1896; Kona, two males, 2000 — 4000 ft., June — Aug. 1892. — Kauai, three females, Koholuamano, April 1895 ; two males and one female, 4000 ft., Oct. 1895. — Maui, two males, Haleakala, 5000 ft., May 1896. — Molokai, Kohanui, one male, Sept. 1893 ! o"^ female, woods above Pelekunu, Aug. 1893. A male specimen from Hawaii, Olaa (July 1895) has the auxiliary vein somewhat longer, so that its tip and the subcostal cross-vein are just beyond the origin of the 2nd longitudinal vein ; in other respects it agrees with the other specimens enumerated above. (4) Dicranomyia katiaiensis, sp. nov. $ $. Long. Corp. 3 — 4 mm. ; al. 4 — 5 mm. A small, slender species. Antennae and palpi dark brown. Thora.x ochraceous, unicolorous, halteres pale with dark club. Abdomen dark brown, unicolorous. Legs pale yellowish brown. Wings hyaline, stigma very pale, veins slender, details of venation as in preceding species. Hab. Kauai, 4000 ft., October 1895, four males and two females. (5) Dicranomyia variabilis, sp. nov, \ "^"1. ; al. 3 — 3^ mm. Front yellow in front, a little darker behind, orbits and vertical triangle cinereous with bright almost silvery tomentum, occiput with a row of light yellow short and thick setae running entirely round from vertex to chin, the uppermost four on each side longer and stouter than the rest, with an interval between each set which is just behind the ocelli, behind the uppermost fronto-orbital bristle on each side is also a similar light yellow seta, face cinereous below the antennae, cheeks, chin, antennae and palpi yellow, proboscis a little darker. Dorsum of thorax very light cinereous, with a central longitudinal olive-brown stripe, which is narrow in front but becomes much broader behind, besides the macrochaetae the entire surface is covered with short golden hairs, pleurae and scutellum yellowish-brown, halteres obscure brownish with lighter knob. Abdomen dark olive-brown, shining ; in the male covered with rather long golden hairs, in the female these hairs are extremely short so that the segments appear pitted rather than hairy, ovipositor shining blackish, about as long as the two preceding segments and covered with golden hairs on its basal half. Legs entirely reddish-yellow, fore femora with two rows of short bristles on the upper surface and a row of four or five much longer ones below, intermediate tibiae with black apical spine. Wings hyaline with fuscous bands as follows : a longitudinal band running from the base along the costa for two-thirds of the length of the wing and filling up all the space between the costal and the third longitudinal vein, near its termination a more or less distinct hyaline spot, a longitudinal band running from the base over the anal cell (which it completely fills) and along the fifth longitudinal vein to its termination. Connecting the terminations of these longitudinal bands is a transverse one which runs over both transverse veins, beyond this is a second transverse band, the outer edge of which is concave and commences exactly at the tip of the second longitudinal vein, and a third shorter one at the extreme apex of the wing which includes the tips of the third and fourth longitudinal veins. Hab. Molokai Mts., two males and one female, 3000 ft., September 1893. Plate II. figs. 26, head, side view ; and 27, wing. Fam. PIOPHILIDAE. PiOPHiLA Fallen, (i) Piophila casci, Linnaeus. Musca piitris /3. casei Linn., Faun. Suec. 2nd ed. p. 456, n. 1850 (1761). A single specimen, unfortunately without head, from Kona, Hawaii, 4000 ft., August 1892, agrees well with British examples of this species. DIPTERA 49 Fam. EPHYDRIDAE. NoTiPHiLA Fallen, (i) Notiphila itisularis, sp. nov. t ?. Long. corp. i\ mm. : al. 37'i mm. Front brownish-grey, with the orbits and a central stripe light yellowish-grey ; face light yellowish-grey, with two or three bristles near the oral margin ; proboscis reddish-brown, palpi light yellow ; antennae light reddish-yellow, the third joint only very slightly infuscated towards its tip. Thorax and scutellum light yellowish-grey, pleurae and metanotum light greenish-grey, halteres light yellow. Abdomen greenish-grey, with four rather obscure brownish spots on the first and second segments, two similar ones on the third, and two very small ones on the fourth. Legs with the fore co.xae and all the femora dark brown, covered with greenish-grey tomentum, knees, tibiae and tarsi entirely reddish-yellow ; intermediate femora with a few bristles in the apical half beneath, intermediate tibiae with three conspicuous bristles on the outer surface. Wings hyaline, veins yellowish-brown. H.\B. Oahu, one male and one female, Waialua, Koolau range, F"ebruary 1893. Brachydeuter.\ Loew. ( I ) Brachydeittcra argentata Walker. Notiphila argentata Walker, Ins. Saundersiana Dipt. p. 407 (1S56). Brachydeutera diniidiata Loew, Monog. Dipt. N. Amer. i. p. 163 (1S62). H.<\B. Hawaii. A single specimen of this already well-described North American species was obtained by Mr Perkins at Olaa in July 1895. Three specimens are also recorded from the same island by L. O. Howard (Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, vol. IV. no. 4, p. 490, July 1901). Sc.ATELLA Desvoidy. (i) Scatclla liaiiHiiiensis, sp. nov. t ?. Long. corp. 2\ — 2f mm. ; al. 2\ mm. Front shining black with a slight greenish tinge ; face shining greenish-black with a little brownish tomentum, a pale spot below the base of each antenna, a row of three conspicuous bristles down each side and the oral margin fringed with fine hairs ; antennae quite black, arista with distmct pubescence on the upper side. Thorax shining brownish-black, the shoulders and front margin greenish-cinereous, pleurae and metanotum greenish-cinereous, a brown patch F. H. III. 7 50 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS on the mesopleurae, scutellum shining black, with two large subapical and two small lateral bristles, halteres light yellow ; dorsum of thorax with three pairs of dorso-central bristles. Abdomen shining blackish. Legs entirely black. Wings brownish-grey, with five pellucid spots, the largest in the submarginal cell and subquadrate, two in the first posterior cell nearly as large, and one on each side of the posterior transverse vein, that on the inner side being much smaller than the others, subrotund and touching the filth longitudinal but not reaching the fourth ; the three upper spots stretch entirely across the cells in which they are contained ; costal vein reaching the tip of the fourth vein. Hab. Oahu. Eieht males and six females were obtained on wet rocks in the Kaala Mts., at a height of 2000 ft., in March 1893. This species appears to be closely allied to S. stagnalis Fin., but is distinguished from the latter by possessing three bristles on the face. It can, moreover, be dis- tinguished from most of the species (but not all) with spotted wings by possessing three pairs of dorso-central bristles on the thorax, a character which belongs rather to the group possessing clear wings. Plate 1 1 1, fisf- I. wine- to" Fam. DROSOPHILIDAE. Idiomyia, gen. nov. Front slightly convex, with three fronto-orbital bristles, the anterior about mid- way between the insertion of the antennae and the vertex and pointing forward, the other two pointing backward, orbital stripes abruptly terminated about or a little beyond the middle of the front, to which the vertical triangle nearly reaches ; face slightly excavated, the oral margin distinctly reflexed, a few small bristles at the vibrissal angle, proboscis very thick, palpi thick and clavate, eyes large, round or slightly oval and distinctly pubescent. Antennae short, the first joint hardly distinguishable, the second large with a convex upper surface, so that between it and the third there is a distinct indentation, third joint large, oval and rounded at the extremity, arista bipectinate, sometimes also with short pubescence, bare at the base beneath. Thorax with two pairs of widely-separated macrochaetae behind the middle, scutellum subtriangular, rather flat, with a pair of lateral bristles and a pair of decussating apical ones. Abdomen slender and narrower than the thorax, subconical and obtuse in the male, pointed in the female ; the latter sex possesses a more or less upturned ovipositor and a peculiar supra-anal process furnished with long stiff hairs. Legs long and slender, with few or no bristles. Wings much longer than the abdomen, auxiliary vein rudimentary, first longitudinal vein not quite reaching a third of the length of the wing, second and third longitudinal veins more or less curving upward in their basal half and then running parallel or nearly so to their termination, the third ending at the tip of the wing, DIPTERA 51 fourth vein nearly straight, fifth straight as far as the posterior transverse vein and then curved suddenly downwards to the posterior margin of the wing, sixth rudimentary ; between the third and fourth longitudinal veins two transverse veins are present, one opposite or a little beyond the termination of the first longitudinal vein, the other opposite or a little beyond the posterior transverse vein, the two last sections of the fourth vein as thus divided about equal in length, discal cell united with the posterior basal cell, anal cell present but inconspicuous. Tj'pe of genus : /. pcrkiiisi, sp. nov. As only one male of this genus is represented in the collection (that of the typical species) it is impossible to say yet whether certain characters, such as the strong curva- ture of the costa and the tuft of hairs on the fore tibiae are of specific or only sexual value, but I rather suspect the latter to be the case. Key to species. 1. Scutellum dark with yellow median stripe 2. „ entirely dark on dorsum, with bright yellow margin {4) I. pida. 2. Face, antennae, and palpi black 3- Face yellowish, antennae with basal joints obscurely yellow, palpi yellow (j) /. oahuensis. 3. Metanotum with yellow median stripe, femora with onlv the bases and tips infuscated {i) I- perkinsi. Metanotum entirely black, femora blackish with tips yellowish {2) I. obsciiripes. (i) Idio7)iyia perkinsi, sp. nov. Z- Long. Corp. 7 mm.; al. 8 mm. Front reddish-yellow with a transverse brown band behind the antennae, orbits as far as the most anterior fronto-orbital bristle and the vertical triangle black, face, proboscis, palpi and antennae black, the second joint of the latter with a tuft of stiff, black hairs, arista with long hairs along the whole length above and the apical half below, also with a very short thick pubescence between the long hairs. Thorax with the greater part of the dorsum blackish, anterior edge yellow with two median longitudinal black lines, humeri and lateral edges yellow, pleurae yellow with a shining black patch above the front coxae and a smaller one beneath the root of the wings, scutellum and metanotum black with yellow median stripe, halteres light yellow. Abdomen blackish-brown, shining, with obscure yellow markings at the anterior angles of each segment, the whole of the dorsum covered with fine bristles which are some- what longer near the hind margin of each segment. Legs reddish-yellow, the apices and bases of all the femora and the two hinder pairs of tibiae slightly infuscated, fore femora with a few bristles on the outer side, fore tibiae with a conspicuous tuft of hairs at the base, intermediate tibiae with a strong subapical and a single apical bristle, hind tibiae with only a rather weak subapical bristle. Wings slightly tinged with yellowish-brown, the apex broadly infuscated, leaving a very narrow margin 7—2 52 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS between the tips of the second and third veins and a little broader space between those of the third and fourth veins lighter, a fuscous spot at the termination of the first longi- tudinal vein, all the transverse veins and the apex of the penultimate section of the fourth longitudinal vein also infuscated, the costa strongly curved forward just beyond the termination of the first longitudinal vein, second longitudinal vein strongly and third slightly curved forward about the middle of the wing ; of the transverse veins between the third and fourth longitudinal veins the inner one is just beyond the termi- nation of the first longitudinal vein and the outer one exactly opposite the posterior transverse vein, the latter strongly curved inward towards the base of the wing. Hab. Molokai Mts., one male, above 4000 ft., June 1893. Plate III. figs. 2, side view of head, 3, antenna, and 4, wing. (2) Idiomyia obscuripcs, sp. nov. $. Long. corp. 6 mm. ; al. 6^ mm. Head in all respects like that of I. pcrkinsi. Thorax blackish-brown, before the suture two yellowish-cinereous central stripes, humeri and lateral edges yellow, pleurae for the greater part shining blackish, scutellum and halteres as in /. pcrkinsi, metanotum entirely black. Abdomen blackish-brown, shining, without any trace of yellow markings. Legs obscure yellowish, femora blackish with only the apices yellowish, fore tibiae without tufts of hair. Wings like those of /. perkiiisi, but the costa nearly straight. Hab. Maui, two females from Haleakala, 5000 ft., April 1894 and May 1896. This form is evidently very closely allied to /. pcrkinsi, and may possibly prove to be only the female of that species. On account of the different locality and the difference in the colour of the dorsum of the thorax, the metanotum and the femora, it is perhaps better for the present to regard it as distinct. (3) Idiomyia oahuaisis, sp. nov. %. Long. Corp. 6 mm. ; al. 7 mm. Front yellow, posterior half of orbits and the vertical triangle black, face and palpi obscure yellowish, proboscis blackish, antennae obscure reddish-yellow with the third joint light brown, second joint with numerous black hairs, arista with long hairs along the whole length above and the apical two-thirds below, also with a number of shorter hairs between the long ones on the upper side. Thorax reddish-yellow with two broad black stripes on the dorsum which are approxi- mated behind and deeply excavated on their outer side so as to appear almost hook- shaped, humeri shining black, pleurae, scutellum, metanotum and halteres as in I. pcrkinsi. Abdomen shining blackish, obscurely yellow at the base, ovipositor and supra-anal process DIPTERA 53 reddish-yellow, the former sh'ghtly upturned and about as long as the last abdominal segment. Legs coloured much as in /. pcrkiiisi, the fore femora with bristles as in that species, the fore tibiae without conspicuous hairs. Wings similar to those of /. perkinsi, but the costa not arched, the tips of the second, third and fourth longitudinal veins in- fuscated and a patch of fuscous in the marginal cell near the termination of the first longitudinal vein. Hah. Oahu, one female, Kawailoa gulch, April 1893. (4) Idioiiiyia picta, sp. nov. %. Long. corp. 5 mm. ; al. 6 mm. Front light yellow in front, reddish-yellow behind, in one specimen entirely of the latter colour, orbits as far as the anterior fronto-orbital bristles and vertical triangle blackish with yellowish-cinereous tomentum, face light yellow, proboscis and palpi black, antennae black, the apex of the second joint more or less pale, arista with only four or five hairs on the upper surface and two or three on the apical half of the lower surface, without pubescence. Thorax yellowish-cinereous before the suture and almost entirely blackish-brown behind, the dark portion sending forward two central lines which e.xtend a little in front of the suture, opposite their termination on each side is a small isolated dark spot, while external to the two central lines the dark colour is indented b)- the lighr ground-colour, humeri bright yellow, pleurae dark yellowish-cinereous, scutellum blackish on the dorsum with bright yellow margins, metanotum dark cinereous, halteres yellow. Abdomen shining blackish, ovipositor dark reddish-yellow. Legs obscure yellowish, fore femora more or less dark brown and the tips of the others slightly infuscated. Wings hyaline with a brownish tinge in the marginal cell, a small fuscous patch over the termination of the first and junction of the second and third longitudinal veins, the tips of the second, third and fourth veins broadly infuscated, transverse veins and apical portion of the penultimate section of the fourth vein also broadly infuscated ; the outer of the transverse veins between the third and fourth longitudinal veins distinctly beyond the posterior transverse vein, the latter directed outward and straight, the outer posterior ano-le of the discal cell therefore less than a riyht ansjle, costa not arched, venation otherwise as in the preceding species. Hab. Maui, three females, Haleakala, above 5000 ft., October 1896. Hypenomvia, gen. nov. Front broad and almost parallel-sided, with three fronto-orbital bristles on each side of the posterior half the lowest one pointing forward, and the other two backward, the middle one much the smallest, two vertical bristles near the upper angle of the eye, 54 FAUNA HAUAIIENSIS one upright and the other pointing outwards, two ocellar bristles' pointing forwards and two upright ones behind the vertical triangle ; face perpendicular, about as long as the front and distinctly convex longitudinally, at the lower angle on each side is a conspicu- ous row of strong black bristles which are curved inwards in front of the face ; chin with a few bristles ; proboscis thick, palpi clavate ; eyes large, oval ; antennae with the third joint oval, rounded at the end, longer than the first two joints taken together, arista long, with long hairs along the whole length of the upper surface and a few on the apical half beneath. Thorax with two pairs of conspicuous and one or two pairs of smaller dorso-central bristles behind the suture, two humeral, one presutural, two noto- pleural and four supra-alar bristles ; scutellum with two lateral and two apical decussating bristles. Abdomen rather small, conical, in the male with seven distinct segments, the sixth furnished with a row of long fine hairs near the hind margin and with a curious spathulate appendage below, attached by a slender pedicel to the hind margin, seventh segment small, laterally compressed and furnished with long, rather tortuous hairs. Legs rather stout, the tibiae a little thicker at their extremities, the hind pair slightly bent. Wings large, much exceeding the abdomen ; last segment of fourth longi- tudinal vein nearly three times as long as the penultimate, posterior transverse vein oblique, and hence making an acute angle with the fifth longitudinal, anal cell small but distinct. Type of genus : Hypcnomyia varipennis, sp. nov. ( 1 ) Hypcnomyia varipennis, sp. nov. $. Long. Corp. 6 — 7 mm. ; al. 7 mm. Front yellow, upper half of the orbits darker, the vertical triangle dark brown, face light yellowish-grey, somewhat shining, antennae reddish-yellow, palpi and proboscis yellow. Thorax obscure yellowish in front, behind with four broad, ill-defined brown stripes, pleurae for the greater part brown, scutellum brown above with the sides yellow, metanotum and halteres yellow. Abdomen dark brown. Legs yellow, with the fore tibiae except the bases, the tips of the intermediate and hind tibiae and the greater part of the intermediate metatarsi blackish. Wings tinged with fuscous, leaving the second costal cell, the bases of the marginal and submarginal cells, a quadrate spot on either side of the anterior transverse vein, a subtriangular spot in the discal cell, an oval spot below the base of the fifth vein, one below the tip of the second, one between the tips of the third and fourth veins, and more or less of the posterior margin of the wing hyaline. Hab. Molokai Mts., two males, 5000 ft., September 1893. Plate III. figs. 5, side view of head, and 6, wing. DIPTERA 55 Drosophila Fallen. This genus is represented by nearly hity species, of which forty are here dealt with. I cannot satisfactorily refer any of these to already described forms, and therefore have regarded them all as new. Owing to the absence of any striking characters in some of the smaller species I have found it impossible, without reference to types, to decide whether they may or may not belong to certain previously-described North American or European species, with the descriptions of which they agree in many particulars. I hardly think it likely that the native species will be found elsewhere, so that the chances of the names given below being reduced to synonyms will only apply to one or two which may (though this is an unlikely supposition) have been introduced. I have left eight specimens undetermined, owing to their bad condition. Key to specks. 1 . Wings with a dark pattern or witli dark spots 2. „ not so marked 1 1 • 2. Tiliiae pale yellow, conspicuously banded with dark brown (/) D. picticornis. ,, not banded 3- 3. Thorax light yellow, with a single broad central stripe and three conspicuous lateral spots blackish {2) D. variega/a. Thorax not so coloured 4- 4. Wings with costal and apical borders continuously infuscated 5- ,, without continuous fuscous border 6. 5. Fourth longitudinal vein distinctly curved near its apex (j) D. undulata. straight {^4) D. pcrkinsi. 6. Thorax yellow, with four conspicuous black stripes ; scutellum yellow with broad central dark stripe is) D. conspicua. Thorax unstriped or with less than four stripes ; if four inconspicuous stripes are present the scutellum is entirely yellow 7. 7. Third longitudinal vein with a fuscous spot opposite the posterior trans- verse vein 8- Third longitudinal vein without such spot 9- 8. Infuscation in marginal cell or on middle portion of second longitudmal vein extending to a distance equalling the whole breadth of the wing. ..((5) D. lanaieitsis. Infuscation in marginal cell or on middle portion of second longitudinal vein only about as broad as the length of the posterior transverse vein (-) D. haivaiicnsis. 9. A fuscous spot on the middle of the second longitudinal vein 10. No „ „ „ „ {10) D.paucipunda. 10. Pleurae entirely yellow {S) D. ochraaa. „ marked with dark brown {9) D. pilimana. 11. Ape.x of wings more or less infuscated •-• „ „ clear i?- 12. Base of fore femora furnished on the inner side with a brush of short, stiff black hairs {n) D. aiiomalipes. Fore femora unarmed ' 3- 56 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS 13. Femora black with only the bases and tips yellow :{i2) D. nigra. „ yellow 14. 14. Antennae entirely, and front for the most part, light yellow (/j) D. flaviceps. ,, and front more or less darkened 15. 15. Pleurae yellow {14) D. iiifuscata. ,, dark brown or blackish 16. 1 6. Thorax and scutellum reddish-yellow (75) D. sordidapcx. ,, ,, blackish-cinereous, the latter with yellow apex {16) D. haleakalae. 17. Wings with second costal cell infuscated (77) D. setiger. ,, ., clear 18. 18. Wings with one or both the transverse veins clouded with fuscous 19. ,, without any fuscous 22. 19. The greater portion of the 2nd and the apices of the 3rd and 4th longi- tudinal veins bordered with pale fuscous (7c?) D. hunieralis. Longitudinal veins not bordered with fuscous 20. 20. Last section of the 4th longitudinal vein twice as long as the penultimate {ig) D. pan. sp.? 27. Last two sections of the 4th longitudinal vein equal or subequal 28. Last section of the 4th longitudinal vein at least half as long again as the penultimate 31. ' 28. Thorax shining black (27) D. tnelanosoma. ,, more or less yellow 29. 29. Thorax reddish-yellow with obscure blackish stripes ; pleurae partly blackish {28) D. longiseta. Thorax yellow, unstriped ; pleurae entirely yellow 30. 30. Front reddish-yellow ; second joint of antennae entirely yellow (2p) D. xanthosoma. „ dark ferruginous ; „ ,, dark brown above, yellow below (30) D. cognata. 31. Thorax entirely or in part reddish-yellow; pleurae reddish-yellow 32. ,, and pleurae dark brown or blackish 37- 32. Antennae entirely light or reddish-yellow 33. ,, with the third joint dark 35. 33. Scutellum dark brown (j7) D. inaeqiialis. „ yellow 34. 34. Size 2h — 3 millimetres (J2) D. f/iotiiico/a. „ less than 2 millimetres {jj) D. pusilla. 35. Abdomen light yellow without markings (33) D. pusilla, var. ,, dark reddish brown 36. DIPTERA 57 36. Face with a distinct broad keel ; size larger (j^) D. cannata. „ without distinct keel ; size smaller {jj) D. obscuricornis. 37. Antennae entirely yellow (j(5) D. varifrons. „ partly or entirely dark brown 38. 38. Scutellum blackish with yellow apex (j/) D. polita. ,, reddish-brown or dark brown, unicolorous 39. 39. Arista with only 3 hairs above and none below 40. „ at least 6 hairs above and 4 below {40) D. plumosa. 40. Front entirely blackish-brown •'•(j;;o:"-".,, SUPPLEMENT. c. Since the preceding account of the Diptera was pubhshed, a small additional series of specimens has been obtained and handed to me containing about sixteen additional species. The most remarkable of these is the wingless Dolichopodid I have described on page 8i as the type of a new genus. Some of the others are evidently introductions, and with my present limited acquaintance with exotic Diptera I do not feel justified in regarding them as new, especially in such groups as Tachinidae or Sarcophagidae. It is rapidly becoming impossible for a single worker to obtain an adequate knowledge of all families, and in the investigation of the Dipterous fauna of any country in the future, the aid of specialists who devote themselves to single families will have to be called in. In the present instance this plan has been partially resorted to, and we are much indebted to Dr Speiser for his careful working out of the Hippoboscidac, to which I referred briefiy on p. "]"]. His report is given below (pp. 86— 92). [P. H. G.] Fam. STRATIOMYIDAE (p. 11). Neoexaireta Osten-Sacken. ( I ) Neoexaireta sphtigera, Wied. Xylophagiis spmigej^Wied.y Auss. zweifl. Ins. 11. 618 (1830). Bei'is sciiiillei Macq., Dipt. Exot. i. i, 172, taf. xxi. fig. i (1838) and Suppl. i. 47, 1 (1844). Diphysa spinigera Walk., List. Dipt. Ins., Suppl. i. 7 (1854). Hab. Oahu, Honolulu, two specimens, June and July, 1900. I have compared these examples with others so named in the British Museum, and find them to agree in every respect. (2) .'' Genus and species. A specimen taken on the Mts. of Honolulu in 1900, appears to be very near Acanthina Wied., but as the antennae are broken off it is difficult to ascertain its correct position. F. H. III. II 8o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Fam. DOLICHOPODIDAE (p. ii). Gnamptopsilopus Aldrich (p. ii). (i) Gnamptopsilopus pate I lifer, Thomson (p. ii). An additional female from S. Kona was obtained in F"ebruary 1899. DoLiCHOPUs Latreille. This genus, not hitherto recorded from the Sandwich Islands, is represented in the present collection by five specimens obtained in the island of Oahu in 1901. Three males and one female are from the Waialua Mts. (May), and the other specimen, a male, from N.W. Koolau (July). I have not been able to identify the species, but it comes very near the European griseipennis Stann. The antennae, however, are shorter, the fore coxae quite yellow, without silvery sheen, the hind tibiae dark in at least their apical half, and the fourth longitudinal vein not so abruptly broken. Campsicnemus Walker (p. 13). (5) Catiipsicnciiius patellifer, sp. nov. $. Long. Corp. i^ mm. ; al. if mm. Front dark brown with a greenish metallic reflection. Antennae black, third joint obtuse, hairy, arista about as long as the thorax, hairy, with a spatulate enlargement at the tip. Thorax and scutellum dark brown, shining, with a greenish metallic tinge, halteres bright yellow. Abdomen dull blackish- brown. Legs yellow, with the tips of the hind femora and of all the tarsi darker. Fore femora and tibiae entirely without bristles ; intermediate femora very much thickened in their basal two-thirds, abruptly narrowed towards the tip, on the under surface of the thickened portion a double row of very conspicuous black bristles ; hind femora slender, with two moderate-sized bristles on the under surface near the tip. Intermediate tibiae very long, curved, narrowed in their middle portion, furnished near the tip of their inner surface with a tuft of long fine hairs ; hind tibiae long and slender, the whole of their inner surface furnished with fine, short hairs. Fore and hind tarsi normal, intermediate tarsi with the ist joint extremely short and furnished with two long spines, 2nd joint two-thirds of the length of the tibia, slender and curved, concave (outer) surface furnished with long and regularly disposed hairs. Wings dusky-hyaline, 3rd and 4th veins parallel, posterior transverse vein more than twice its length from the posterior margin of the wing. Hab. Oahu, one male, Pali, December 1900. DIPTERA 8i Emperoptera\ gfen. nov. Near Chrysotus, but wings much reduced, being represented only by a somewhat thickened, curved filiform structure, with an apparent joint (or perhaps weakness) near the base, hairy along the anterior margin for its whole length, and furnished at its tip with a conspicuous bristle. Front broad, triangular, face narrow, especially just below the antennae, where the eyes nearly meet ; antennae short, the third joint hairy, arista dorsal, very long, and distinctly pubescent. Thorax smooth and polished, scutellum with two very long and strong bristles, halteres apparently absent (I cannot find any trace of them in the few specimens before me). Abdomen comparatively large and elongated, hypopygium small and indistinct. Legs long with stout femora, unarmed except the intermediate and hind tibiae. Type of genus : E. niirabilis, sp. nov. ( I ) Eiupcroptera mirabilis, sp. nov. Long. Corp. i-^ — 2 mm. Front black and polished, with a very slight dark blue (steely) tinge, face black with a silvery spot just above the oral opening ; antennae black, third joint very short, hairy and pointed, arista very long, whitish and distinctly pubescent. Thorax bluish-black, highly polished and with few bristles, sometimes with a greenish tinge, appendages (? wings) dark brown, much shorter than the legs, scutellum rather dull and blackish-brown, .sometimes a little yellowish at the tip, with two strong setae which reach to the apex of the second abdominal segment. Abdomen black and polished, but duller than the thorax, slightly pubescent, base of first segment sometimes yellowish. Legs yellowish-testaceous, tips of femora and tarsi a little darker. Hind femora with one or two small spines near the apex, intermediate and hind tibiae each with four bristles on their outer surface, legs otherwise unarmed. Under a high power the hind tibiae show at the extreme tip, on the outer side, a small transverse comb of about ten minute bristles. Hab. Oahu, 5 specimens on Freycinetia, Koolau range, December 1900; 4 specimens "back of Malukia " December rgoo. ' €/i7n7pos, crippled, maimed. II — 2 82 FAUNA HAWAIIEKSIS Fam. SYRPHIDAE (p. 19). Eristalis Latreille (p. 19). (2) Eristalis punctulahis IMacquart. Eristalis punctulatus Macq., Dipt. Exot. 2" Suppl. p. 59 (1847). A male of what I take to be this species, originally described from Australia, was taken at Honolulu in June 1900. It is evidently an importation. EuMERUs Meigen. (i) Eumems viarginattis, sp. nov. J. Long. Corp. 'j^ mm. ; al. 5^ mm. Front black with a slightly metallic tinge, clothed behind with yellowish hairs, in the middle with black hairs, and in front with yellowish-grey tomentum ; face black, covered with long whitish pubescence ; eves bare, meeting for a short distance in front, the facets in this portion being much larger than in the rest of the eyes. Antennae blackish-brown, sometimes the 3rd joint, which is comparatively large, a little lighter, arista long and stout. Thorax bronzy or iridescent- black, the suture and two dorsal longitudinal lines more or less tomentose ; scutellum blackish or bronzy, with a very conspicuous yellow margin which is formed by a transverse and somewhat crenulated depression running round the disc : thorax and scutellum both coarsely punctured and covered with almost golden-yellow pubescence which is much longer around the margin of the latter. Abdomen black, shining and punctured, with a purplish or bronzy metallic tinge : ist, 2nd, and 3rd segments each with a pair of whitish tomentose lunules, those of the ist segment small and indistinct, 4th segment more bronzy and covered with thick whitish pubescence, which is also present at the basal angles of the ist segment. Legs black with a greenish metallic tinge, the knees, base of the tibiae, the anterior and intermediate tarsi yellow, posterior legs with the femora much swollen, the tibiae much enlarged in their apical half, and the tarsi also enlarged, all the legs covered with whitish pubescence. Wings with a slight brownish tinge, subapical transverse vein much angulated, so that the cell it closes has a pointed projection, while the vein itself has an appendage at the angle. Hab. Oahu, 4 males taken at Honolulu, in June 1900. Note : — Although I cannot find any published description which fits this species it is with some hesitation that I here describe it as new. It may be an importation from Australia — the genus does not occur in America, so far as I am aware. DIPTERA 83 Fam. TACHINIDAE (p. 20). Chaetogaedia Brauer and Bergenstamm (p. 20). (i) Chaetogaedia inonticola Bigot (p. 20). A specimen taken in the Honolulu Mts., 1900. Two other specimens belonging to the Tachinidae, and each representing a distinct species, were taken in Oahu (Waianae Coast) in January 1901, but they are in such poor condition that I cannot identify them. One, which, from the structure of the head, appears to be near Prospherysa v. d. Wulp, but all the legs are missing save one of the anterior pair. Fam. SARCOPHAGIDAE (p. 21). Dyscritomyia Grimshaw (p. 21). (7) Dyscritomyia, sp. A single male specimen from the Jao Valley, Maui, taken in September 1901, resembles very closely the females from Molokai referred to on p. 22 under D. lijnbi- pennis. The fore metatarsi in the male are quite simple and unarmed, so that these three examples very probably represent a distinct species inhabiting the central islands of the main group. Until more material is obtained I prefer to leave it undescribed. Sarcophaga Meigen (p. 26). Two species belonging to this genus are represented in the supplementary collection • formed by Mr Perkins, but I am unable to identify them. One, with red anus, is represented by a male from N.W. Koolau (Oahu), July 1901 : the other, with black anus, by three specimens, viz. a male and female from the Honolulu Mts., 1900, and a male from the N. Koolau range, August 1901. Fam. MUSCIDAE (p. 27). Rhinia Desvoidy. ( I ) Rhinia tcstacea Desvoidy. Rhinia testacea Desvoidy, Essai sur les Myodaires, p. 423, i (1830). Two males of this species, a native of China, Hong-Kong and the Nicobars, were taken by Mr Perkins at Honolulu, in June 1900. 84 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS LuciLiA Desvoidy (p. 28). (2) Lit cilia sp. One i, not in sufficiently good condition for identification, was obtained on the Mts. of Honolulu, in 1900. Fam. ANTHOMYIDAE (p. 29). HoMALOMYiA Bouche (p. 30). (2) Homalomyia femorata Loew. Homaloniyia femoral a Loew, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr. xvi. p. 93 n. 68 (1872). A male of this species, originally described from Cuba, was obtained on the Honolulu Mts. in 1900. AcRiTOCHAETA Grimshaw (p. 41). Herr P. Stein has kindly pointed out to me that this genus is probably identical with Atherigona Rondani. Fam. SCIOMYZIDAE (p. 43). SciOMYZA Fallen (p. 43). (i) Scioniyza hawaiiensis, sp. nov. Long. corp. 4 mm. ; al. 3^ mm. Front yellowish-cinereous with a double dark brown central stripe ; face yellow with a darker patch beneath the antennae, oral margin and a spot beneath the lower angle of the eye also brownish, vibrissal angle with a few tiny bristles, chin yellow with several strong bristles ; antennae entirely brownish-yellow, arista distinctly pubescent. Thorax and scutellum unicolorous cinereous, the latter with a distinct yellow margin, halteres pale yellow. Abdomen with ist segment entirely yellowish, 2nd yellowish with a dark brown spot or patch at each side, remaining segments shining dark brown or blackish with the hind margins yellow. Legs entirely yellow. Wings very slightly yellowish tinged, unicolorous, veins yellow, last section of the 4th longitudinal vein half as long again as the penultimate, both transverse veins with a trace of clouding. Hab. Oahu, one specimen, N.W. Koolau, July 1901. To this species also belongs the specimen from Waialua, Oahu, mentioned on p. 43. DIPTERA 85 Fam. ORTALIDAE (p. 44). AcROSTicTA Loew (p. 44). (i) Acrosticta pallipes Grimshaw (p. 44). Two females taken in the Honolulu Mts. in 1900. EuxESTA Loew (p. 44). (i) Euxcsta aiinonae, Fabricius. Hab. Oahu, one female taken in the Honolulu Mts., 1900. Chkysomyza Fallen, (i) C/irysoiuyza, sp. This genus is represented by a single specimen taken in the Honolulu Mts. in 1900. It is a beautiful species with shining metallic green thorax, coppery scutellum and abdomen metallic bluish purple with green margin. The wings have the first posterior cell closed and stalked. Possibly an introduction from the West Indies or South America. Fam. SAPROMYZIDAE. (i) Saproniyza, sp. A single specimen belonging to this genus was obtained in the Honolulu Mts. in 1900, but I have not been able to identify it. At the same time I do not feel justified in describing it as new. Fam. EPHYDRIDAE (p. 49). Brachydeutera Loew (p. 49). (1) Bj-achydeittcra argcntata. Walker (p. 49). A single specimen taken in the Jao Valley, Maui, in September 1901. ScATELLA Desvoidy (p. 49). (i) Scatella hawaiiensis Grimshaw (p. 49). Eleven specimens obtained at Pali, Oahu, in December 1900. 86 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Fam. DROSOPHILIDAE (p. 50). Drosophila Fallen (p. 55). (7) Drosophila hazvaiicnsis Grimshaw (p. 60). One specimen (?a male), N.W. Koolau (Oahu), July 1901. (9) Drosophila piliniana Grimshaw (p. 61). One female, Waialua Mts., Oahu, May 1901. (41) Drosophila crucigcra, sp. nov. ?. Long. Corp. 3^ — 4 mm. ; al. 4 mm. Similar to D. varicgafa (p. 57) but smaller, second joint of antennae entirely yellow, and pattern of wings more broken up although of the same general type. In the centre of the wing is a fuscous patch roughly resembling a Greek cross, the foot of which extends over the posterior transverse vein ; in the centre of the second posterior cell, i.e. exterior to the foot of the cross, is a small rounded detached spot and a similar one in the middle of the third posterior cell, third fuscous band (at the apex of the wing) with a conspicuous hyaline spot between the tips of the 2nd and 3rd veins. Hab. Oahu, one female, Honolulu Mts., August 1900, one female, Waialua Mts., May 1 90 1. (42) Di^osophila, sp. A single male specimen of a species apparently allied to D. paucipuncta was obtained by Mr Perkins in Oahu (N.W. Koolau) in July 1901. The wings bear only the .slightest trace of fuscous markings, the thorax is yellowish marked with four very obscure brown stripes, while the fore tibiae and tarsi are bearded with long hairs. DIPTERA PU PI PARA. By Dr. P. Speiser, Bischofsburg, Ostpreussen. In seiner Bearbeitung der Dipteren der "Fauna Hawaiiensis" erwahnt P. H. Grimshaw auf p. "]"] auch drei Species von Hippobosciden, ohne diesen jedoch Namen beizulegen. Herr P. H. Grimshaw hat nun die grosse Liebenswurdigkeit gehabt, DIPTERA 87 mir die dort erwahnten Tiere zur Bestimmung anzuvertrauen, wofiir ihm hier nochmals bestens Dank gesagt sei. Ihre Untersuchung hat das Folgende ergeben : I. Die erste Species, in 7 Exemplaren 1S92 von Perkins auf der Insel Kona als Parasit einer kurzohrigen Eulenart, und in i Exemplar zwei Jalire spater auf der Insel Lanai gefangen, gehort zur Gattung Ol/ersia Leach. Ich kannte die Art schon langere Zeit nach einem Exemplar aus dem Stadtischen Museum fur Natur-, Volker- uncl Handelskunde zu Bremen, welches der Direktor dieses Museums, Herr Dr. Schauinsland, seinerzeit auf der Insel Molokai, ebenfalls zur Gruppe der Hawaiischen Inseln gehorig, als Parasiten des Fregattvogels, Atagcn aquila L. gefangen hatte. Die Art ist aber bisher noch nicht beschrieben, und ich gebe daher hier ihre Beschrei- bung. Ich bemerke, dass es zur Wiedererkennung der Hippobosciden-Arten notwendig ist, die Beschreibungen sehr ausfuhrlich zu gestalten, denn gewisse Charaktere, die bei andern Dipterengruppen constante Merkmale zu geben pflegen, sind hier starker Variation unterworfen. Damit muss es entschuldigt werden, wenn die Lange der Beschreibuns; an die Low'schen Asilidenbeschreibunsfen in der Linnaea entomolociica erinnert. Die zu beschreibende Art scheint der O. pallidilabris Rond. aus Mexico nahe zu stehen, cloch glaube ich, dass sie bestimmt von ihr verschieden ist. Ich nenne sie ( I ) Olfivsia acarta [a/capros ungeschorenj, sp. nov. Lange 6"25 mm., Mundrand — Hinterrand des Scutellum 4 mm. Grundfarbe ein dunkles, glanzendes Schwarzbraun, die Schulterecken und der Kopf, namentlich an den Mundteilen, aber auch bisweilen auf der Innenseite der Augfenrander heller, bis ledergelb, ebenso ein Paar kleiner Fleckchen an den Seiten des Scutellum. Auch die Beine sind im Ganzen ein klein wenig heller, und die Schenkel auf ihrer Basalhalfte fast auch ledergelb. Kopf etwas mehr als halb so breit wie der Thorax an seiner breitesten Stelle, Scheitel gleichmassig gerundet ohne Einbuchtungen oder Buckel. Stirn etwas breiter als ein Drittel des Kopfes, in den oberen 2 Dritteln nach vorn leicht verschmalert, dann wieder verbreitert, sodass sie an den Antennengruben wieder so breit ist wie am Scheitel ; sie ist in der Mitte matt, die Augenrander und das vorn ganzrandige Scheiteldreieck glanzend ; bei einem Stuck ist auch der Vorderrand des Scheiteldreiecks in der Mitte seicht eingedruckt. Die Innenseite der Augenrander ist mit vielen feinen, goldglanzenden Harchen besetzt, ahnlich wie bei Lynchia exornata m.' und einigen andern Arten, jedoch sind diese Harchen kiirzer und nicht so zierlich gescheitelt wie bei der genannten Species. In dieser Behaarung sehe ich den einen wichtigen Unterschied gegeniiber O. pallidilabris Rond., in deren Beschreibung ■ besonders betont wird : ' Annali del Mus. Civ. di Geneva, 1900, p. 562. ■ ibid. xu. 1878, p. 161. F. H. III. 12 88 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS "orbitis angustis et areola verticis pumicatis," aber von einer Behaarung nichts gesagt ist ; von diesem Merkmal habe ich auch den Namen der Art gewahlt. Der Clypeus oris, d. h. das Stiick vom Mundrand bis zur Stirnspalte, ist hier deutlicher als bei anderen Arten in zwei hintereinanderliegende Abschnitte gesondert. Er ist schmutzig ledergelb (bei Rondani's Art " sordide albicans") vorn in der Mitte leicht winklig ausgeschnitten, aber ohne hervortretende Ecken oder Spitzen. Wenn man nicht die seitlich etwas vertiefte Querfalte zwischen dem vorderen und hinteren Abschnitt so betrachten will, muss der Clypeus als nicht mit Gruben versehen beschrieben werden. Die Antennenfortsatze sind ziemlich lang und breit, tief schwarz glanzend mit schwarzer Beborstung. Die Maxillarpalpen, welche die Riisselscheide bilden, pechbraun, nur etwas langer hervorragend als der Clypeus lang ist, verhaltnismassig breit und stunipf. Thorax etwas breiter als lang, dunkel schwarzbraun glanzend mit ganz fein gelb angelegter Langslinie, schmutzig ledergelbenSchulterecken und je einem ebenso gefarbten kleinen Fleck an den beiden seitlichen Ecken des Scutellum. Die seitlichen hinteren Ecken des Praescutum mesonoti an der Dorsopleural- und der Quernaht, sind ganz leicht fleckartig mit einem schmutzig grauen Reif bedeckt, ebenso die Pleuren vor den Flugeln mit Ausnahme eines von der Flugfelwurzel nach vorn und unten ziehenden erhabenen Streifens. Die sehr feine LanQ^snaht des Thorax oreht auch auf das Scutelkim liber, ist hier stark verbreitert und verschmalert sich erst nach dem Hinterrande des Scutellum zu wieder. Die Quernaht zwischen Praescutum und Scutum ist in der Mitte nicht unterbrochen, vielmehr in der Ausdehnung von nur \- — f mm. nur ganz fein, linienformio- die LanCTsnaht kreuzend, wahrend sie an den Seiten tief furchenformig ist. Das Scutellum ist breit halbmondformig, mit einer feinen Furche vor dem Hinterrande und der schon erwahnten, breit beginnenden, nach hinten keilfbrmig verschmalerten Langsvertiefung. Die sehr characteristischen gelben Flecke auf den Ecken wurden schon erwahnt. Neben ihnen, medialwarts, steht jederseits eine starke Borste, der Hinterrand ist mit feinen goldglanzenden Harchen dicht besetzt. Die Pleuren und Schulterecken tragen massig zahlreiche schwarze Borsten, wie gewohnlich. An der feinen Naht, die die Schulterecken gegen das Praescutum abgrenzt, stehen etwas langere goldglanzende Harchen, ahnlich wie bei Lynchia exornata m., aber viel ktirzer ; auch sonst einzelne solche Harchen auf der Thoraxflache (bei O. pallidilabris Rond. nicht erwahnt). Endlich sind zwei rundliche Fleckchen vor dem Scutellum dicht mit ganz kurzen goldgelben Harchen besetzt. Die Beine sind ganz ohne Besonderheiten, die Vorderschenkel etwas dicker, die Hinterbeine etwas langer als gewohnlich, nirgends characteristische Beborstung. Die Krallen, wie stets bei der Gattung Olfersia, mit einem accessorischen Zahn. Die Flugel sind leicht haselbraun gefarbt, nicht milchig getrlibt. Interessant ist die Costalis. Diese ist, wie Rondani das bei seiner O. papuana ' und ich selber ' Ann. Mus. Civ. Geneva, xii. 1878, p. 162. DIPTERA 89 vor kurzem bei einer als O. parallelifrons m. benannten' Form beschrieben haben, bald hinter der Einmiindung der Subcostalis bis zu ihrem Ende deutlich verdickt, dabei librigens gleichmassig schwarzbraun und nicht durchscheinend. Die Subcostalis miindet bald wurzelwarts von der kleinen Ouerader, bald genau uber dieser, bei einem Stucke auch auf dem einen Fltigel spitzenwarts von ihr. Die Radialis miindet viel dichter an der Subcostalis als an der Cubitalis, wie das auch Rondani bei seiner O. pallidilabris beschrieben hat, ohne doch etwas von einer Verdickuno- der Costalis zu sa^en. Der letzte Abschnitt der Costalis ist somit doppelt so lang als der vorletzte. Die Discoidalis ist an ihrer Ursprungsstelle aus dem gemeinsamen Stamm des hintern Adersystems leicht knopfformig erhaben dadurch, dass der Flugelteil zwischen dem Stamm des vordern Adersystems und dem Hinterrand des Fliigels samt dem Stamme des hintern Systems geradezu grubenartig vertieft ist. Die hintere Basalzelle ist nicht ganz halb so lang als die vordere, durch eine deutliche Ouerader geschlossen und an ihrer breitesten Stelle noch nicht so breit wie die Entfernung des Knies der Discoidalis vom Fliigelvorderrand. Das Abdomen ist bei einer Anzahl der Exemplare am Ende weiss, bei dem bremer Stuck mehr gelblich bereift, was an die Bemerkung : " abdomen. ..apici plus minusve luride albicans " bei O. pallidilabris Rud. erinnert. (2) Oniifkouiyia varipes Walk. Die zweite Species, von der nur ein einziges verstummeltes Stiick vorliegt, von Perkins am 12. v. 1893 in den Bergen der Insel Molokai bei 3000 Fuss Hohe gefangen, gehcirt sicher zur alten Gattung Ornithomyia Latr. Dem Stucke fehlt der grosste vordere Teil des Kopfes, von dem nur die Scheitelpartie mit den Ocellen erhalten ist, und somit kdnnen wir nicht an der Hand der zur Unterscheidung wichtigen Antennen- fortsatze entscheiden, zu welchem der drei Genera, in die ich klirzlich" die genannte Gattung zerlegte, das Exemplar gehort. Dem ganzen Habitus nach aber kann man mit Sicherheit sagen, dass es zur Gattung Ornithomyia Latr. sens. str. gehoren muss, und ich habe, trotzdem ich die haufig wichtigen Merkmale, die die Stirn und die Teile des Mundrandes geben, nicht mit verwerten konnte, versucht, dieses Exemplar mit einer der bisher beschriebenen Arten zu identificieren. Ich habe dabei alle diejenigen Arten des Genus Ornithomyia s. str. nebst solchen, aus deren Beschreibung ihre Zueehoriofkeit zu einem der drei neu characterisierten Genera nicht zu ersehen war, verglichen, welche im Insel- und Kustengebiet des pacifischen Ozeans in weitester Ausdehnung vorkommen. Ich will diese hier nennen, indem ich die wenigen Arten, ' Termeszetrajzi Fiizetek, xxv. 1902, p. 336. ■ ibid. xxv. 1903, p. 327 ff. 1 2 2 90 FAUX A HAWAIIENSIS die ich aus eisfener Anschauuncr kenne, mit einem * versehe ; die anderen kann ich nur nach den haufig recht unvollkommenen Besclireibungen beriicksichtigen : Neu-Guinea: O. plana Walk. i86f. Galapagos-Inseln : O. iiitertropica Walk. 1849. „ O. simplex Walk. 1861. Chile: O. chiliensis Guer.-Menev. 1844. Australien : *0. perfiiga Speiser, 1902. Columbia: *0. fiiscipennis Big. 18S5. Tasmania: *0. ?iigricornis Erichs. 1843. ,, O. varipes Walk. 1849. Neu-Seeland: *0. variegata Big. 1885. Nord-Amerika : O. iiebulosa Say, 1823. O. opposita Walk. 1849. „ *0. pallida Say, 1823. Man sieht, dass schon die grosse Entfernung der Fundorte aller dieser Arten eine Identitat mit einer derselben wenig wahrscheinlich macht, doch darf dieses Argument um so weniger mitsprechen, als wir nichts liber den \"ogel wissen, auf dem diese hawaiische Art lebt und der moglicherweise ein guter Seeflieger und weit verbreitet sein kann. Indessen hat doch die \'ergleichung aller mir zu Gebote stehenden Exemplare und der Beschreibungen der librigen Arten ergeben, dass hochstens O. varipes Walk, berucksichtigt werden konnte, denn nur bei dieser Art sind die Tarsen als schwarz angegeben, was fur das vorliegende Stiick ganz besonders characteristisch ist. Die vielleicht characteristisch erscheinende Streifung der Tibien, nach der Walker anscheinend seiner Art den Xamen gab, kommt auch vielen anderen Arten zu, ist also wohl nicht als zwingend zu verwerten. W^enn ich demnach auch immerhin noch einire Bedenken liber diese Identification habe, glaube ich dennoch der systematischen Fi.xierunor der bisher beschriebenen Arten am besten zu dienen, wenn ich das vorliegende Stiick zu Walkers Art ziehe und gebe hier die genauere Beschreibung : Ornitlwinyia varipes Walk. Lange (wenn ich auf den fehlenden Kopf i mm. rechne) 5 '5 mm. Thorax glanzend gelbbraun. Basis des Scutellum und Schulterecken etwas heller, Abdomen fast schwarz, Beine gelbbraun mit hellerer Basis der Schenkel, umberbraunen Streifen auf der Aussen- und Innen-Kante aller Tibien, alle Tarsenglieder tief dunkel schwarzbraun, das zweite und dritte Tarsenglied der Hinterbeine an der Basis bis zur Halfte mit einem weissen Rin^e, ein auffalliofes und sehr hiibsches IMerkmal. Auf dem Thorax fallt noch die hellere Langsnaht auf und am Vorderrande etwas seitwarts von ihr zwei ebensolche kurze gelbe Striche. Yorderrand des Thorax fast gerade, seitwarts ragen die Schulterecken dornartig gerade nach vorn ; sie sind langer als an ihrer Basis breit. Die Quernaht zwischen Praescutum und Scutum ist seitlich tief furchenformig, in der Mitte ganz verstrichen, die Langsnaht nur angedeutet. Der Vorderrand des Scutellum ist in der Mitte vorwarts ausgebuchtet, der Hinterrand breit gerundet. In der Mitte hat das Scutellum wie bei den meisten Ornithomyien eine Reihe Ouerrunzeln, die vorne kurz, hinten langer werden und als deren letzte eine Furche vor dem Hinterrand erscheint, in der eine Reihe von Borsten steht. Ueber die Beine ist ausser dem vorher iiber ihre Farbung Gesagten nichts zu bemerken. Die Flligel sind fast wasserhell, ganz leicht graubraun gefarbt ; liber das Geader ist das Folgende zu bemerken : Die Mediastinalis ist ganz an die Subcostalis angelegt, diese DIPTERA 91 mundet vor der kleinen Ouerader. Die Radialis mlindet viel naher der Cubitalis als der Subcostalis, sodass der letzte Abschnitt der Costalis noch nicht halb so lang ist als der vorletzte. Die hintere Ouerader ist nur doppelt so lang als die kleine Ouerader, die hintere Basalzelle nur wenig, nur urn eine Spur mehr als die kleine Ouerader lang ist, kiirzer als die vordere. Die Analzelle ist halb so lang, wie die hintere Basalzelle, sodass die beiden ersten Abschnitte der Posticalis gleich lang sind ; die Analquerader in der vorderen Halfte zwar etwas heller als in der hinteren, aber nicht weiss. (3) Ortiiihoica confluenta Say, var. n. pcronaira. Interessant ist, dass auch die dritte Art nach dem amerikanischen Fesdande hinweist. Aus der ang-ecrebenen oreringen Grosse Hess sich schon vermuten, dass es sich urn eine Ornithoica handeln wurde und in der That hat die Untersuchung der Exemplare diese Vermutung bestatigt. Sie hat aber zugleich ergeben. dass die Exemplare nicht zu trennen sind von der bisher nur vom amerikanischen Festlande bekannten Onnihoica confluenta Say, die ich kiirzlich erst nach Exemplaren aus dem Ungarischen National-IMuseum in Budapest genauer beschrieben und gegen die nachst- verwandten Arten absfesfrenzt habe'. Hier sei kurz wiederholt, dass die Art der O. beccariina Rond. sehr nahe steht, sich von dieser aber constant dadurch unterscheidet, dass das weiss pigmentierte Knie in der Discoidalis bei O. beccariina Rnd. fast genau in der ideellen Fortsetzung der Analquerader auf den Yorderrand liegt, wahrend es bei O. confltienta Say ein deutliches Stiick apical warts daran liegt. Hier mochte ich auch noch die interessante Uebereinstimmung in der Farbung der Hintertarsen zwischen der eben vorher besprochenen Ornithoi?iyia varipes Walk, und den hier erwahnten Ornithoica- hxX.&VL hervorheben. Bei ihnen alien ist die Basis des zweiten und dritten Gliedes der Hintertarsen weiss. Endlich verdient noch eines der vier Exemplare besonderer Erwahnung. Die auf der Insel Kona als Parasiten der Himatione stejnegeri Wilson und der V estiaria coccinea Forster gefundenen 3 Stucke bieten keine Abweichungen unter einander und gegeniiber den drei brasilianischen Exemplaren des budapester Museums. Dagegen weicht das vierte, im Juni auf Kona in 3000' Hohe als Parasit einer kurzohrigen Eule gefundene Stiick sehr wesentlich ab. Bei ihm namlich erreicht die Discoidalis den Fliigelaussenrand nicht, sondern bricht kurz hinter, d. h. apicahvarts von der Hohe des Endes der Costalis auf beiden Fliigeln plotzlich ab und ist nicht einmal durch eine Falte zum Rande fortgesetzt. Weil eben nur eines von 4 Exemplaren, die vom gleichen Ort herstammen, dieses Merkmal bietet, das in der ganzen Gattung isoliert dasteht und eher den Eindruck einer pathologischen Bildung als eines constanten Merkmals bietet, habe ich mich nicht etwa fur berechtigt gehalten, das Exemplar ' Termeszetrajzi Fiizetek, xxv. 1902, p. 334- 92 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS direkt specifisch von den andern zu trennen, glaube aber doch berechtigt zu sein, es durch Namengebung gewissermassen besonders anzumerken und nenne die Form daher Ornilkoica conflitoita Say aberr. peroneura m. (Tnjpo's verstiimmelt). Es ware interessant, zu erfahren, ob vielleicht mehr solcher Stiicke vorkommen und sich die Form vielleicht doch als bona species herausstellt. Aehnliche Verbildungen, und als solche betrachte ich die vorliegende nur, habe ich allerdings sonst noch nicht bei Hippobosciden gesehen. 93 N S. HEMIPTERA. "-^/^v. By G. W. Kirkaldy. '""''•t' Sj 1. General Remarks. The Heteropterous Hemiptera or Rhynchota of the Hawaiian Archipelago have been studied to a small extent by F. B. W. White and T. Blackburn, on the collections made some quarter of a century since by the latter. In iS88 the total number recorded was 26 genera and 48 species'. To-day 43 genera and 64 species are recorded. The Auchenorrhynchous Homoptera were not dealt with by the British authors, but a few species were noted by C. Stal and V. Signoret, in all 3 genera and 4 species. Five genera and 14 species are here catalogued, and this will be materially increased when my studies on the Jassinae and Asiracinae are completed. Of Stenorrhyncha nothing was previously known, and only 2 genera of Psyllidae, with a single species each, are added. I know of no records of Aphidae and have seen no specimens. I have not examined any Coccidae and am principally indebted to the publications of T. D. A. Cockerell and W. M. Maskell for the records of the 48 species included in this account. Thus the total number of Rhynchota — both Heteroptera and Homoptera — amounts at present to 126 species, of which at least one-third are recent introductions. My best thanks are due to Dr Sharp for his unfailing courtesy and kindness in giving me information upon every topic connected with the Hawaiian Fauna, while Dr L. O. Howard was so kind as to advise me regarding records of Hawaiian Stenor- rhyncha. Mr Edward Saunders also gave me some very valuable help in lending me for examination and comparison certain Palaearctic Miridae and in affording me much information. My greatest difficulty has been the inability to examine the type-specimens of the previously described Hawaiian Fauna, as the Directors of the Perth Museum — where White's types, now unfortunately in bad condition, repose — refused to allow these specimens to be taken away for study. Dr Aurivillius however sent me, with his usual kindness, the types of Oechalia patruelis ■d.wdi pacific a Stal, Hyalopcpliis pcllucidtis Stal, and Nysiiis cacnosiihis Stal. Mr Blackburn also kindly sent for examination cotypes of his Nabis rubritinctus, koelensis and oscillaiis, but I regret that these completed the list of all that he was able to send me. ' According to ilieir supposed validity at the present time. 94 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS The two most noticeable characteristics of the Hawaiian Rhynchotal Fauna are its extreme poverty, both in species and individuals, and the excessive variability, in structure, pattern and colouring, of the "species." Durino- his explorations in the Archipelago for some nine or ten years, Mr Perkins — one of the most acute of collectors — has been able to collect only a few thousand individuals, this representing practically everything he could discover after the closest and most careful investigation. Compared with the spoils of an experienced collector even in England during two or three years, this must be considered as an extremely meacrre total. It is probable that but few additions to the Hawaiian list among pre- cinctive' forms are to be expected, but in Aphididae and Psyllidae there should be a rich harvest, though most probably of recently introduced forms. It is a difficult matter to compare the Hawaiian Rhynchotal Fauna with any other. The collections received in Europe from the Australian Continent and from New Zealand and other Pacific Isles, are usually but odds and ends, more or less capriciously picked up by the Lepidopterist and Coleopterist. The predominating forms therefore in such a collection are naturally the larger, often conspicuously coloured, Cimicidae, Reduviidae, Cicadidae, the Lepidopterophanous Fulgoridae and possibly the more weird of the Membracinae. Of the Australian and South Pacific Miridae, Geocorinae and smaller Auchenorrhynchous Homoptera we know almost nothing, while it is these very groups that constitute the basis of the Hawaiian Fauna. In the latter, one medium-sized Cimicid {Occkalia) is, comparatively speaking, fairly abundant. Lygaeidae ( = Coreidae) are represented by the possibly precinctive ItJiamar and a probably imported Rliopalus. Cicadidae and the larger Fulgoridae are absent. The dominant forms are Oliariis, Lasiochilus, Orthotylns, Koanoa, Saroiia, Nysius, and Reduviolus. Specialists in Rhynchota will therefore readily understand that the work upon this Fauna has been extremely difficult, and that extensive comparisons could be made only with palaearctic, occasionally with American, material in most of the groups. An additional difficulty was created by the almost entire absence in this country of any extensive collections of accurately named extra-European Micro- Rhynchota. My studies were materially lightened by the examination of my friend Mr A. L. Montandon's fine collections of Nabinae, Pyrrhocorinae, and exotic Mirinae, which I have been so fortunate as to acquire, but unfortunately even here elucidatory forms are too often represented only by uniques. Until more adequate knowledge of the Polynesian Fauna is at hand, in the shape of long series of the more variable forms, we must postpone the consideration of the problem of the affinities and origin of the Fauna. The Hawaiian Fauna is, nevertheless, divisible into two main groups, viz. (i) cosmopolitan and (2) precinctive forms; and also into two further minor groups, ' "Forms confined to the area under discussion," see Sharp, Fauna Hawaiiensis n. p. 91. HEMIPTERA 95 viz. (3) Australo-polynesian and (4) recent accidental importations. The precinctive forms owe their large number, however, very greatly to our poverty of knowledge, for the study of exotic Rhynchota is almost in its infancy, and many of those now arranged in the second group may at any time have to be removed to the third. In the first group may be placed Tctigonia, Bythoscopus. Oliarns, Triphleps, LasJochilus, Psalhts, Orthoiyliis, Acantliia, Corixa, Anisops, Ploiariodcs (though the typical subgenus is precinctive), Reduviolus, Microvclia, Orthoca, Nysins, and Rhopalus. Geotonms has a remarkable distribution, practically cosmopolitan, and the Hawaiian species, which has been described under eleven names, is found from India to New Caledonia. It is of course now impossible in most cases to decide the actual recent origin of these cosmopolitan forms ; though the genera are found all over the world, the only cosmopolitan species is Klinophilos lectularius, doubtless accidentally introduced in modern times. There are a large number, as previously noted, of precinctive genera and species ; of the former perhaps the most remarkable are Metrarga, SnlaDiita, and Psciidoclerada ; the first must be of considerable antiquity, as it has separated into at least three structurally well-defined species, which are distributed over the Archipelago, though they have not apparently penetrated to Molokai or Kauai. It occurs under rotten leaves and other vegetable refuse, and as Mr Perkins has collected less than 25 specimens altogether, it is to be hoped that the remarkable genus will be found to flourish in Viti or Samoa. Psciidoclerada possesses a most remarkable likeness to the Geocorid Clcrada, a wide-spread insular genus which I regret I know only through Signoret's figure. Itliainai-. though differing considerably in the proportions of the antennae etc., has a very strong resemblance to the closely allied Daclera from Reunion and Australia. The finest of the precinctive species is Colcoticluis Idackbnrniac, which indeed is one of the handsomest Heteroptera I have seen, rivalling some of the exotic Cicindelidae. None of the others require special mention here. The Australo-Polynesian forms embrace the following genera : Oechalia with two species — viz. O. consociale Boisduval, which ranges over Eastern Australia and New Zealand ; the second species, O. griseus Burm., is remarkably variable, including O. pacijica and O. patrjielis Stal, and is confined to the Hawaiian Archipelago. Colco- ticluis has its headquarters in the Australo-Polynesian, eight species being recorded from Australia, New Caledonia, V'iti Isles, Samoa and our group ; two outliers are also iound, one from Formosa and one from the Moluccas. Liitcva has a wide distribution but is perhaps most conspicuous in the Australian region ; it e.xtends however to America (via the Pacific .■*), the Oriental Isles via New Britain, etc. Of Australo-Polynesian species we may note Orthoea nigriccps, which extends to Tahiti and the Philippines ; it has been recorded, possibly erroneously, from New Zealand. Hyalopepliis has, as at present known, its headquarters in the South Oriental, but as a well-defined species F. H. Ill, 13 96 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS occurs in our group, it may very possibly be extended throughout the South Pacific Islands. Of recent accidental importations there would appear to be three well-marked instances, viz. Ze/ns, AlIococ?'aiiuni, and Astemma. The genus Zelus is wholly American, and consists of some 50 or 60 described "species" which are exceedingly variable and much require a structural revision. They are predaceous and of fair size, and it is very unlikely that they would have been overlooked by Mr Perkins, if present. Three specimens were sent to me quite recentlyS long after the principal collections, and it is significant that they were captured in Oahu, the only island of commercial importance. I have little doubt therefore that they are quite recent importations, but, unfortunately, I cannot identify them with any known species. Of Alloeocranuni only a single specimen was taken, and that some years ago, also in Oahu ; the genus is also predaceous and the species of fair size. There are two, A. gnadrisigiiatus recorded from North India, and A. bianmilipes which has an extensive insular distribution, being noted from Malacca, the Philippines, New Caledonia, Viti Isles, Reunion, and Cuba ; the last locality is certainly due to accidental introduction. Astenuna (perhaps better known as Dysdercus) is a dominant and apparently ancient genus; some 75 species have been described of which perhaps 55 are now recognized, but I believe that a goodly proportion of the latter are worthless. The species are extraordinarily variable, in size, proportions, pattern and colouring ; my large series of the American ruficollis Linne, the Oriento-Australian cingulatus Fabr., and the African superstitiosus Fabr., show most remarkable .series of variations. The Hawaiian species, A. periivianus Guer., has been recorded from California and Ecuador. I do not know the species with certainty and Guerin's figure is not very distinctive. It is quite possibly only a form of one of the widely distributed American species. Stal records it in 1870 as found at Honolulu ; Blackburn, some few years later, took three specimens of what he believed to be this, " singly by sweeping ferns at a considerable elevation on the Waianae Mountains, Oahu, and Haleakala, Maui." This conspicuous species seems therefore to have obtained a fairly secure footing on the Islands at one time, but is now probably extinct, as Mr Perkins has failed to rediscover it. One further point of interest is the partial relations between the Pacific Fauna and that of the Mascarene subgroup, — though a great deal more information is yet needed. It is well known that Madagascar forms the western limit of the Polynesian species of Man, and it is not unreasonable to suppose that his colonizing or adventurous expeditions have contributed to the dissemination of certain Rhynchota. Two species are found both in Reunion and the Hawaiian Archipelago, viz. Clerada apicicornis Sign, (which is recorded also from Celebes, Bengal, Venezuela, and the Antilles) ; Alloeocrannm biannulipes Montr., mentioned before ; while, as has previously been remarked, Ithamar Since this was in print three more specimens have been received from Mr Perkins captured in the same island. HEMIPTERA 97 hawaiiensis Kirk, and Daclera punctata Sign, (the latter from Reunion), are extremely alike ; the latter genus has another species D. rufcscens Stal, from Australia, with which, unfortunately, I am not acquainted. On studying the records of localities mentioned under each species, it will be noted that very few species are found under 1000 ft., most being from 2000 — 4500 ft. The reason of this is that the low-lying parts of the Islands have been for a long period under cultivation, so that almost invariably it is only from the higher elevations that it is possible to obtain specimens. It will not be long belore the doom of the last of the precinctive fauna is fulfilled, for Dr Sharp informs the writer that many of the insects lately collected by j\lr Perkins have been rescued from the jaws of ants. A curious confirmation of this is before me in the person of an individual of Mctrarga villosa which has an ant clinging to one of the antennae by means of its mandibles. I have gathered together all the informations possible relating to habits, food-plants, etc., but it is greatly to be regretted that these are so meagre ; information as to the metamorphoses and habits of Metrarga, Piendoi'eclada, and Sarona would be of the highest interest, but it is to be feared that this is now for ever lost to us. The variability of the Hawaiian Rhynchota is, as before remarked, most e.xtra- ordinary. Writers on the other orders have regarded this Fauna as composed of few genera, many of these however containing a large, sometimes very large, assemblage of species, with however tew individuals for each species. Dr Sharp notes Plagithniysiis with 29 closely allied but mostly quite distinct forms, and these forms are in general each found only in one island. Mr Perkins records Oodcmas with 46, Proterhinus with 122!, and A^esoprosopis with 32. I\Ir Grimshaw describes 40 of Drosophila, Mr Meyrick '^'] Scopariac, and Mr Sykes 76 Leptachatinae, loi Amastrae, and 107 Achatinella. 1 can only say that after the most exhaustive study, I cannot achieve anything like these results. Whether it be due to a constitution in the Rhynchota differing from that of other orders I cannot say ; I can only see a large assem- blage of forms varying in the most bewildering fashion, forming incipient species, if one will, but at the same time forming links of such a character that it seems unreasonable to attempt the arbitrary definition of many "species." These variations are not confined to any particular island in each case but are scattered throughout the archipelago. The genital appendages, upon which great stress — in many cases no doubt correctly — is laid, vary considerably in certain instances ; naturally, little variation is to be expected in the case of purely chitinose clasps or hooks ; on the other hand the circumambient parts are mostly feebly chitinized (in the smaller forms) and appear to be very liable to post-mortem distortion, so much so that I have not felt it expedient to work out the genital differentia (if indeed these are notable) in the Cixiaria etc., in the absence of freshly killed or alcoholic material. Although I may be mistaken I feel convinced that the careful breeding ab ovo of 13—2 98 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS long series of sufficiently variable forms (such as Phytocoris populi, Calocoris seticornis, Lygus pratensis or Cyllccoi'is liistrioiiiciis in Europe ; Natrocolpus mcbilus or Poecilo- capsus bneattis in America) would effect a pronounced change in the attitude of many workers towards the limits of specific differences. Of the 76 species and named varieties definitely acknowledged', 68 are, so far as is known, precinctive ; that is to say 89'5 per cent." InieriHsiilar Distribution of species (and named varieties'). Total spp. Peculiar spp. Percentage. 9'4 8-3 o 24-6 31-8 o Hawaii 36 4 Maui 32 3 Lanai 24 2 Molokai 18 Oahu 53 13 Kauai 22 I Laysan I The percentage of precinctiv Hawaii Zl 4 Maui 29 3 Lanai 24 2 Molokai 17 Oahu 48 12 Kauai 19 7 Laysan I o 25 56-8 These figures are, unfortunately, not quite accurate, as I have had to omit Rcclada moesta, Clcrada apicicornis, Merragata kebroidcs, Eysarcoris instilaris, Btichananiella sodalis, and Klinophilos IcctuiariHs, of which there are no distributional particulars ; three of these are precinctive, three extra-Hawaiian. The high percentage of Kauai is very natural, that of Oahu is probably to be explained by the fact that it is the principal island for commerce and that the early records of three species were noted as ' Oahu ' or ' Honolulu,' but not necessarily actually from them. The following Tables will show at a glance the intra- and extra-Hawaiian distribution of the species now described or noted, the Coccidae and Nysins being omitted. Coccidae (since they are all, probably, accidental recent importations), Halobates, Nysiiis, spp., Bythoscopus peregrinus and vidmis, and Tetigonia varicolor, the Jassinae and Asiracinae are omitted from these considerations. Eysarcoris insularis, Anisops sp., and Rhopalus sp., are also omitted. Zelus peregrinus is counted as non-precinctive. If we include 16 spp. oi Nysius, Halobates, Bytlioscopus peregrinus and vidiiiis, Tetigonia varicolor a.nd Eysarcoris insularis, and take Zelus peregrinus as precinctive, we obtain 97 species of which 89 are precinctive, that is 91 '8 per cent. ! HEMIPTERA 99 'S •~ S 5 jj 'ri s Genus Species § ^ <3 .^ "^ ,5 ^ Ex/ra-Haivaiian Distribution ' t^ ^ •^ ^ ^ ^ Psyllidae I Hevaheva, gen. nov. ... I perkinsi, sp. nov. + 2 Trioza Forst 2 iolani, sp. nov. + + Europe, N. America, &c. Tetigoniidae 3 Bythoscopus Germ. 3 kukanaroa, sp. nov. 4 kaiamamao, sp. nov. ? 5 peregrinus Stil } 6 viduus Stal + + + + Europe, N. America, &c. 3(7 Tetigonia Geoffr. 7 varicolor Sign. + Cosmopolitan Fidgoridae 4 Siphanta Stai 8 acuta Walk. + Australia, Tasmania, Java and St Helena Australia and Tasmania. 5 lolania, gen. nov. 9 perkinsi sp. nov. + + + 6 Oliarus Stal 10 tamehameha, sp. nov. 1 1 kanakanus, sp. nov. 12 hevaheva, sp. nov. 13 tarai, sp. nov. 14 tarai, var. morai 15 orono, sp. nov. 16 opuna, sp. nov. 17 koanoa, sp. nov. + + + + + -L + + + + + + Europe, Africa, N. & S. America, N. Zealand, etc. Miridae 7 Triphleps Fieber 18 persequens White + Cosmopolitan e.xcept Australian Region 8 Physopleurella Reut. ... 19 mundulus White + + 9 Lasiochilus Reut. Cosmopolitan except Australian 20 denigrata White + + + + Region lo Nesidiocheilus, gen. nov. 21 hawaiiensis, sp. nov. + II Buchananiella Reut. 22 sodalis White 12 Lilia White 23 dilecta White + 13 Klinophilos Kirk 24 lectularius Linne 14 Sulamita, gen. nov. 25 lunalilo, sp. nov. -i- -I- + + 26 opuna, sp. nov. + 15 Psallus Fieber 27 sharpianus, sp. nov. var. pelidnopterus + + + Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions and St Helena 16 Orthotylus Fieber Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions, St Helena and New Guinea 28 perkinsi, sp. nov. + + + + + 29 iolani, sp. nov. + + + It follows that when no statement is made in this column the species or genus is precinctive. lOO FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Genus SpecUs 17 Kamehameha, gen. nov. 18 Koanoa, gen. nov. 19 Cyrtopeltis Fieber 20 Nesidiorchestes,gen.nov, 21 Opuna, gen. nov 22 Pseudoclerada, gen. nov 23 Sarona, gen. nov. 24 Baracus, gen. nov. 25 Hyalopeplus Stal 26 Oronomiris, gen. nov. .. 27 Nesiomiris, gen. nov. .. Acanthiidae 28 Acanthia Fabr Corixidae 29 Corixa Geoffr Notoneclidae 30 Anisops Spin Reduviidae 31 AUoeocranum Renter 32 Zelus Fabr 33 Ploiariodes, F. B. White 34 Luteva Dohrn 35 Nesidiolestes, gen. nov. 36 Reduviolus W. Kirby... 30 kanakanus, sp. nov. 31 kekele, sp. nov. 32 daphne, sp. nov. var. kassandra 33 azalais, sp. nov. 34 lunalilo, sp. nov. 35 hawaiiensis, sp. nov. 36 hawaiiensis, sp. nov. 37 hawaiiensis, sp. nov. 38 hawaiiensis, sp. nov. 39 morai, sp. nov. 40 adonias, sp. nov. 41 hawaiiensis, sp. nov. 42 pellucidus Stal 43 hawaiiensis, sp. nov. 44 hawaiiensis, sp. nov. 45 exulans White 46 oahuensis Blackb. 47 blackburni White 48 sp. ? 49 biannuHpes Montr. 50 peregrinus, sp. nov. 5 1 whitei White 52 rubromaculata White 53 pulchra Blackb. 54 insolida White 55 selium, sp. nov. 56 innotatus White 57 blackburni White 58 tarai, sp. nov. Extra- Hawaiian Distribution Europe, S. America Oriental Region Cosmopolitan Cosmopolitan Cosmopolitan (except N. Europe) Oriental Region ; Islands of Indian and Pacific Oceans; Cuba Generic distribution but not Con- tinental American Regions Almost cosmopolitan, the typical subgenus precinctive American Regions; Oriental Re- gion ; New Britain CosmopoHtan (except N. Zealand) HEMIPTERA lOI Gimis Species ^* ^sl ■5 5 2 v5 5 Extra - Haiua iia n Distrilmtion • ^ ^ s + ^ tf s 59 morai, sp. nov. + ^- + + 60 subrufus White + + + 61 rubritinctus Blackb. + 62 sharpianus, sp. nov. + 63 lusciosus White + + + + Gerridae 37 Microvelia Westw. 64 vagans White + + Cosmopolitan 38 Halobates Eschsch. 65 sericeus Eschsch. + Cosmopolitan pelagic Pacific and N. Atlantic (also Indian?) Oceans Pyrrhocoridae 39 Astemma Lep. Serv. 66 peruvianas Guer. + + Cosmopolitan (except N. palae- arctic and N. Zealand) California and Ecuador 40 Orthoea Dallas 67 nigriceps Dall + + + + + Almost cosmopolitan Philippines and Tahiti (N. Zea- land ?) 41 Reclada White 68 moesta White 42 Clerada Sign. 69 apicicornis Sign. Reunion, Celebes, Bengal, Vene- zuela, Antilles Same as genus 43 Sephora, gen. nov. 70 criniger White 71 calvus White + + + + 44 Metrarga White 72 nuda White 73 contracta Blackb. 74 villosa White + + + + + + 45 Nysius Dall 75 hebroides White Cosmopolitan Naeogeidae 46 Merragata White 76 hawaiiensis, sp. nov. + + + S. and C. America, Mexico Generic distribution Lygaeidae (= Coreidae) 47 Ithamar, gen. nov. 48 Rhopalus Schill 77 sp. Cosmopolitan Cimicidae 49 Oechalia Stal Australia, New Zealand 78 griseus Burni. + + + + ■t- + 50 Eysarcoris Hahn 79 insularis Dallas All over the Old World 51 Geotonius Muls. Rey.... Almost cosmopolitan 80 pygmaeus Dallas + + + Oriental Region to New Caledonia 52 Coleotichus A. White ... 81 blackburniaeP. B.White + + + AustraHan and Polynesian Re- gions, Moluccas, Formosa I02 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS § 2. Systematic account of the Hemiptera. Suborder Homoptera. Tribe MONOMERA. Fam. COCCIDAE. This family has been dealt with in a preliminary manner by Maskell and Cockerell. Koebele' mentions " sixty species or thereabout," but does not catalogue them. Maskell and Cockerell enumerate 47 species, included in 15 genera of which Aspidiotus, Coccus and Pseudococciis are richest ; but the validity for specific rank of some of the forms appears to be considered doubtful. I cannot accept responsibility for the nomenclature here adopted, as no work with which I am acquainted gives full and correct references to all the genera which usually are mentioned merely by name, even in the works of Signoret, Cockerell, Maskell, and Green. There are possibly no precinctive species, though I cannot find that three forms have been noted from outside the Hawaiian area ; these three are Howardia prnnicola, Aspidiohis perseai'um and A. cydoniae var. tecta. IcERYA Signoret. Icerya Sign., 1875, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (5) v. p. 350. (i) Icerya purchasi Maskell. /ir^r)/a/z^;r//(7.ih Linne. Coccus adoiiidum Linne, 1767, .Syst. Nat. ed. xii. p. 740. Dactylopius adonidutii Maskell, 1895, I rans. N. Z. Inst. p. 34. H.\B. Hawaiian Isles (Koebele') ; N. America, New Zealand, Australia, etc. (2) Pseudococcus albizziae, Maskell. Dactylopius albizziae Maskell, 1891, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 31 ; 1895, op. cit. p. 24. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, on orange (Craw); Australia, etc. (Maskell). (3) Pseudococcus calccolariae, Maskell. Dactylopius calceolariae Maskell, 1878, Trans. X. Z. Inst. p. 218; 1895, op. cit. p. 24. H.-\B. Hawaiian Isles (Maskell and Koebele) ; New Zealand, V^iti Isles (on Sacc/iarujii). Jamaica. (4) Pseudococcus citri, Risso. Coccus citri Risso, 1813, Essai hist. nat. Grangers. H.A.B. "On orange trees" (Cockerell) ; N. America. (5) Pseudococcus vastatoi\ Maskell. Dactylopius vastator Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. pj). 26 & 65, PI. vi, figs. 12 — 16. H.\B. Honolulu, on Citrus and almost any kind of shrub or other trees (Maskell). " It has been introduced from Japan within the last three years, and hundreds of trees have been destroyed by it in Honolulu " (Koebele in Maskell) ; Mauritius. (6) Pseudococcus z'irgatus, Cockerell. Dactylopius I'irgatus Cock., 1893, Entom. xxvi. p. 178. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Cockerell) ; Jamaica, on cultivated violets, etc. (Cockerell). ' This record, according to Cockerell. refers probably to No. 4, /'. citri. F. II. in. • 14 I04 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS AsTEKOLECANiUM Targioni. Asterolecanium Targ. in Sign., 1870, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (iv) 10, p. 276. ( I ) Asterolecanium pustulans, Cockerell. Planchonia pustulans Cock., 1893, Sci. Gossip, p. 77. Asterolecanium pushdans Cock., 1S95, Canad. Ent. xxvn. p. 259. Hab. "On oleander from Honolulu" (Craw) ; Elorida. Kermicus Newstead. KerniicHS Newst., 1897, Ent. INIo. Mag. p. 170. (i) Kermicus bambusae, Maskell. Sphaerococcus bambtisae Maskell, 1891, Trans. N. Z. Inst. xxiv. p. 39, PI. xvi, figs. 12 — 19. H.\B. "Sandwich Isles on Bamboo... Honolulu " (Maskell); Mauritius, Ceylon, Brazil. PuLviNARiA Targioni. Pulvinaria Targ. in Sign., 1873, Ann. Soc. Ent. F" ranee (v) 3, p. 29. (i) Pulvinaria uianimeae Maskell. Pulvinaria manimcae Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. pp. 18 & 19, PL v, figs. 8 — I 1. Hab. Hawaiian Isles on Mainmca americana (Maskell) ; on ferns, orange, coffee, pomegranate, alligator pears, and plum trees (Craw) ; North America. (2) Pulvinaria psidii Maskell. Pulvinaria psidii Maskell, 1S93, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 223, PI. xiii, figs. 10, 11 ; 1895, op. cit. p. 18. Hah. "Sandwich Islands, on Psidium'" (Maskell); Oriental Region. Ceroplastes Gray. Ceroplastes Gray, 1830, Spic. Zool. p. 7. (i) Ceroplastes ruhens Maskell. Ceroplastes rubens Maskell, 1893, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 214 ; 1895, op- ^'t^- P- '2. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, on Aspleniuin fern (Cockerell) ; Australia, on Ficus and jMangifcra (Maskell). HEMIPTERA lO: (2) Ceroplastcs ceri ferns, Anderson. Coccus ccri/eriis Anderson, 1791. Monogr. Coccus ceriferus. Ceroplastcs ceriferus Signoret, 1872, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (v) 2. p. 40, PI. vii, fig. 3; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. [2. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Koehele) : India, Mexico, Jamaica, Australia. (3) Leroplash's fionclciisis Comstock. Ceroplastcs florideusis Comst., 1881, Agr. Rep. for 1880, p. 331. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Koebele) ; N. America, Jamaica. Coccus Linne. Coccus Linne, 1758, Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 455: Mrs Fernald, 1902, Canad. Ent. p. 232. Lecauiu)!! Burm., 1835, Handb. Ent. 11. p. 69. (t) Coccus acuiiiinatum. Signoret. Lecanium acuminatum Sign., 1873, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (v) 3, p. 397, PI. xiii. figs. 2 & 3 : Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 14. Hab. "Sandwich Islands, on guava (/'.?/rt'///w sp.) " (Maskell) ; Europe. (2) Coccus coffeae, Walker. Lecanium coffeae Walk., 1852, List Hom. p. 1079. L. hibernaculorum Boisd., 1867, Ent. Hort. ]>. 337; Maskell. 1S95, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 15. L. hemisphaerictuii Targioni in Signoret, 1873, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (v) 3, p 436, PI. .xiii, fig. 9; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 15. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Koebele) ; N. America, Jamaica, etc., almost cosmopolitan. (3) Coccus iiesperidum Linne. Coccus hespcridum Linne, 1758, Syst. Nat. ed. x. p. 453. Lecanium hespcridum Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 15. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, on orange (Craw) ; Algeria, S. Africa, N. America, Jamaica, Chile, Australia, New Zealand. 14—2 io6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (4) Coccus longulu})i, Douglas. Lecaninm /oiigiihuii Douglas, 18S7, Ent. Mo. Mag. p. 97 ; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 15. L. chirimoUae Maskell, 1889, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 137. Hab. Hawaiian Islands, apparently common, on Psidiutn, Banibtisa, Acacia, and Citrus (Maskell), on Carica papaya (Craw), on Carica papaya and on Ohia (Maskell) ; \'iti Isles, Demerara, etc. (5) Coccus luori, Signoret. Lccanijim luori Sign., 1873, Ann. Soc. Ent. Erance (5) 3, p. 407, PI. 12, fig. 9 and PI. 13, fig. 17 ; Maskell, 1894, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 16. H.AB. Hawaiian Isles (Koebele) ; New Zealand, Europe. (6) Coccus nigrum, Nietner. Lecanium nigrum Nietner, 1861, Enemies Coffee Tree, p. 9; Green, 1889, Ind. Mus. Notes, I. p. 117, PL vii, figs, a— k ; Maskell. 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 16. L. depressuni Targioni in Sign., 1873, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, p. 439, PI. \iii, fig. II : Maskell, 1893, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 220. H.-\B. Hawaiian Isles, "on Psidium (guava), Bambusa, etc." (Maskell); Ceylon, Australia, New Zealand, S. America. (7) Coccus oieae, Bernard. Chermcs oleae Bern., 1782, Mem. Hist. Nat. Acad. Marseille, p. 108. Lecanitim oleae S'xgn., 1873, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, p. 440, PI. 13, fig. 12 ; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 16. H.\B. Hawaiian Isles, on Ci/rus and Psidium (Maskell) ; Jamaica, N. America, Europe, New Zealand. (8) Coccus tessellahim, Signoret. Lecanium t esse llahim Sign., 1873, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, p. 401, PI. 12, fig. 4; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 17. W.w,. Hawaiian Isles, on ferns (Craw) : Australia, etc. (9) Coccus per/orafum, Newstead. Lecanium perforatum Newst., 1894, Pmt. Mo. INIag. .\xx. p. 2^1. H.^B. " On palms from Honolulu " (Craw). HEMIPTERA 107 Asi'iDiOTUs BoLiche. 'Aspidiotiis BoLiche, 1833, Naturg. Ins. 1. p. 8 ; Schadl. Gart. Ins. p. 52. (i) Aspidiotits aurautii Maskell. Aspidiotus aurautii Maskell, 187S, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 109; 1895, op. cit. pp. 2 & 46 ; Green, 1896, Coccidae Ceylon, p. 42, PI. 12; Newstead, 1901, Mon. Coccidae British Isles, i. p. 88, Pis. 1, 2, & 11. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, " from Honolulu, on a species oi Podocaipus from Japan, a good deal deeper red than the type" (Maskell); "ubiquitous in warm temperate- countries" (Maskell) ; Samoa, \'iti Isles, Toga, New Zealand, Australia, New Caledonia on Ciirus. California, Jamaica on E^icalyptus, Cyprus, Syria, Greece, and Ceylon. (2) Aspidiotus cydoniae Comstock. Aspidiotus cydoiiiac Comst., 1881, Agricult. Rep. for 1880, p. 295; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 3 ; Green, 1896, Coccidae Ceylon, p. 46, PI. xiv. A. cydouiac var. tccta Maskell, 1897, tint. Mo. Mag. xxxiii. p. 240. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, on Casuariua and orange trees, var. teda on " Ohia ' tree (Maskell) ; Samoa, Ceylon. N. America. (3) Aspidiotus pcrscaruui Cockerell. Aspidistus {s\c) pcrscaruui Cock., 1S98, Entom. p. 240. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Cockerell). (4) Aspidiotus iiiaskc/Ii Cockerell. Aspidiotus longispiiia Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst, xxvii. pj). 4 & 38, and 1897, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxxiii. p. 241 (nee Morgan). A. [Alorganella) uiaske/li Cock., 1897, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agric. Tech. ser. 6, p. 22'. Aspidistus (sic) uiaskcl/i Qock., 1898, Entom. p. 240'. Hai;. Hawaiian Isles, on Citrus and Maiigifera and on Kukui (Maskell); "on Ohia tree, from Kailua, N. Kona ' (Cockerell); Brazil. " A minute bright-eyed mite (seemingly Gainasid) was very active and numerous amongst " them and " I found many of the Aspidioti which appeareel to have been partly devoured, whether by this or some other parasite I could not determine " (Maskell). ' Each of these descriptions is marked " n. sp." io8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (5) Aspi-diotus peimiciostts Comstock. Aspidiotus perniciosus QoxwsX., 1881, Agricult. Rep. for 1880, p. 304; Lintner, 1895, Bull. N. York Mus. v. pp. 263—320; Howard and Marlatt, 1896, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agric, New sen 3 (Plate); Cockerell, 1897, I^""- U. S. l)ep. Agric. Tech. ser. 6, pp. 1 — 31 ; Felt, 1901, Bull. N. York Mus. ix. p. 304, PI. iii ; and Boynton, op. cit. pp. 349 — 350, Pis. xii & xiii. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Cockerell); N. America, China, Japan, Australia. (6) Aspidiotiis iraiisparcns Green. Aspidiotns transparens Green, 1890, Ins. pests Teaplant, p. 22. A. lataniae Green, 1896, Coccidae Ceylon, p. 36, PI. viii (nee Sign.). Hab. ''On Seaforthia clegans at San Francisco from Honolulu" (Cockerell); India, Ceylon. (7) Aspidiotns greenii Cockerell. Aspidiotus greejiii Cock., 1897, Bull. U. S. Dep. Agric. Tech. ser. vi. p. 27, fig. 7. Hai;. "With A. transparens from Honolulu" (Cockerell); Ceylon, New Mexico, etc. (8) Aspidiotns 7'apax Comstock. Aspidiottis rapax Qom?X., 1881, Agricult. Rep. for 1880, p. 307, PI. xii, fig. 6. A. napax Newstead, 1897, Trans. Ent. Soc. London, p. 94. A. camelliae Signoret, 1869, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (4) ix. p. 117; Green, 1896, Coccidae Ceylon, p. 44, PI. xiii (nee Boisduval) ; Newstead, 1901, Mon. Coccidae British Isles, i. p. 91, Pis. iii, iv & xi. Hah. Nearly cosmopolitan (Cockerell) ; Hawaiian Isles (Koebele) ; New Zealand, North America, Europe, Algeria, etc. (9) Aspidiotus duplex Cockerell. Aspidiotns duplex Cock., 1896, Bull. Dep. Agric. Ent. Tech. ser. iv. p. 52. Hak. Hawaiian Isles (Cockerell) ; America, Japan, etc. HEMIPTERA 109 (lo) Aspidiolus hcderae, Vallot. Coccus hederae Vall., 1829, Mem. Acad. Dijon, pp. 30 — })'}y. Aspidiotus hederae Felt, 1901, Bull. N. York Mus. ix. p. 333, PI. 7 ; Newst, 1901, Mon. Coccidae British Isles, i. p. 120. Pis. viii, x, «& xii. A. nerii Bouche, 1833, Schadl. Gart. Ins. p. 52 ; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 4. Evaspidiot2is hederae Leonardi, 1897 & 1900, Rivist. Patol. Veget. vi. & viii. p. 98. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, on apple, pear, and palms (Maskell and Craw) ; Australia, New Zealand, America, Europe. "Almost omnivorous." AuLACASi'is Cockerel!. Atiiaeaspis Cock., 1893, J. Inst. Jamaica, 1. p. 180; 1902, Entom. xxxv. p. 58. (i) Ait/acaspis rosae, Bouche. Aspidiotus rosae Bouche, 1833, Schadl. (iart. Ins. p. 53. Diaspis rosae Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 5. Au/acaspis {Diaspis) rosae Newst.. Mon. Coccidae British Isles, i. p. 168, Pis. xiv, xvii, & xviii. Hab. Hawaiian Group, on rose (Maskell): almost everywhere on cultivated roses (Newstead); New Zealand, Australia, China, Europe, N. and S. America, and Antilles. DiAsi'is Costa. Diaspis O. G. Costa (1S35 ? ?), Faun. Nap. Hem. Cocc. p. 19. (i) Diaspis boisduz'aiii Signoret. Diaspis boisduvalii Sign., 1S69, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, p. 432; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. pp. 5 & 44 ; Newstead, Mon. Coccidae British Isles, i. p. 153, Pis. xiii, xvi, & xviii. Hab. Oahu, "a leaf of orchid from Honolulu rather badly infested" (Maskell); almost cosmopolitan under glass ; New Zealand, Australia, Europe, N. and S. America, and Antilles. I lO FA UNA HA WAIIENSIS (2) Diaspis patcllifoniiis Sasaki'. Diaspis patelliformis Sasaki, 1894. Bull. Coll. Agr. Tokyo, 11. pp. 107— 121, Pis. I & 2-'. Hab. Craw records this with a note of interrogation from Honolulu on a shrub. Originally described from Japan. Parlatoria Targioni. Parlatoria Targ. in Sign., 1869, Ann. Soc. Ent. b" ranee, p. 450. (1) Parlatoria protcns. Ruricola. Aspidiotus protciis Ruricola, 1843, Garden. Chron. p. 674. Parlatoria profcHS Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 6; Newst., Mon. Coccidae British Isles, i. p. 140, Pis. 30, 32, n. P. protcus v?,r. pergandii Comst., 1881, Agricult. Rep. for 1880, p. 327. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Koebele) ; Japan, Australia, Brazil, West Indies, N. America, Europe. (2) Parlatoria zizyphus, Lucas. Coccus zizyphus Lucas, 1853, Bull. Soc. Ent. P>ance, (3) 1. p. .wviii. Parlatoria zizyphi Newst., Mon. Coccidae British Isles, i. p. 148, Pis. 30, 32, & 33. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Koebele) ; Alediterranean coast, on oranges ; China, N. America. Lepidosaphes Shimer. Lepidosaphcs Shimer, 1868, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. p. 361. Mytilaspis Sign., 1870, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, p. 91. ( I ) Lipidosaplu'S piiuiacforiiiis, Bouche. Aspidiotus" piniiaefonnis Bouche, i85i,Stett. P^nt. Zeit. xii. p. 1 i i. Coccus lu'ckii 'E. Newman, 1869, Entom. iv. p. 217. Aspidiotus citricola Packard, 1870, Guide Study Ins. ed. 2, p. 527. Mytilaspis citricola Green, 1896, Coccidae Ceylon, p. 59, PI. .\x. M. piiiuacforiuis Newst, Mon. Coccidae British Isles, i. p. 204, Pis 25 — 27. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Koebele) ; New Zealand, Tahiti, Australia, N. America, England. ' Newstead makes this a synonym of D. pentagona Targioni, a cosmopolitan species. - The speUing of the specific name is on the authority of the Zoological Record, as I have not been able to see the original work. Craw spells it " patellaeformis." * Newstead gives this reference incorrectly as " Mytilaspis |)innacformis." HEMIPTERA 1 1 , (2) Lepidosaphes flava, Targioni. Mytilaspis flava Targ. in Sign., Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1870, p. 96. M. flava van ha-ivaiiensis Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. pp. 7 & 47. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, "on bark of shade trees at Kauai" (Maskell): Europe, N. America, Australia, New Zealand. Prol)ably a \-ariet)' of M. pouiontni Bouche. (3) Lepidosaphes gloverii. Packard. Coccus gloverii Packard, 1S69, Guide Study Ins. p. 527. Mytilaspis g/overii Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 7; Green, Coccidae Ceylon, p. 63, PI. 22. H.AB. Hawaiian Isles (Cockerell) ; Australia, on Cifrns (Maskell). N. America, Japan, S. Europe. (4) Lepidosaphes pallida, Maskell. Mytilaspis pallida Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 46 ; Green, 1896, Ind. Mus. Notes, IV. No. I. 3L. gloz'crii V3.r. pallida Green, Mon. Coccidae Ceylon, p. 65, PI. 23. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, on Podocarpits. imported into Honolulu from Japan (Maskell) ; (5) Lepidosaphes pomorum, Bouche. Aspidiotus poniorum Bouche, 1851, Stett. Ent. Zeit. xii. p. iio. Mytilaspis pomoniiii Comst., 1883, Agricult. Rep. for 1882, p. 118 [sep. copy?]; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 7; F"elt, 1901, Bull. N. \'ork Mus. i\. p. 297, PI. I ; Newstead, Mon. Coccidae British Isles, i. p. 194, Pis. 24 — 27'. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, on apple (Maskell) ; New Zealand, Australia, China, N. America, Brazil, Europe, Africa. Howardia Berl. and Leon. Howardia Berlese and Leonardi, Riv. Patal. Veget. iv. p. 348. ' This is also probably the same species as Coccus iilmi Linne. 1758, and Ckccks linearis Modeer, 177S. F. H. III. '5 112 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS ( I ) Hotoardia biclavis, Comst. Chionaspis {}) biclavis Comst., 1883, Second Rep. Cornell, p. 98 [sep. ?]. C. biclavis var. detecta Mask., 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. pp. 9 & 49. C. biclavis Green, 1899, Coccidae Ceylon, p. 152, PI. liv. Howardia biclavis Leonard!, Riv. Fatal. Veget. iv. p. 348. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, Kona, on bark of shade trees (Maskell) ; Tahiti, Ceylon, N. America, Southern Mexico. (2) Hoxvardia eitgeniae, Maskell. Chionaspis cngeniae Maskell, 1891, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. 14; 1895, op. cit. p. 10. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Cockerell) ; Australia. (3) Howardia pniiticola, Maskell. Chionaspis prunicola Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. pp. 10&49, PI. 2, figs, 3 — 5. Hab. Hawaiian Isles, on Japanese Plum (Maskell). FiORiNiA Signoret. Fiorinia Targ. in Sign., 1869, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (4) ix. p. 99. (1) Fiorinia pellucida Targ. Diaspis Jioriniac Targ., 1867, Mem. Soc. Ital. Sci. in. no. 3, p. 14, nee descr. ?. Fiorinia pellucida Targ. in Sign., 1869, Ann. Soc. Knt. France, p. 449. F. camelliae Comst., 1881, Ent. Rep., p, 329 ; Maskell, 1895, Trans. N. Z. Inst. p. ID. F. Jioriniac Green, Coccidae Ceylon, p. jt^, PI. 26; Newst., Mon. Coccidae British Isles, I. p. 134, PI. 29. Hab. Hawaiian Isles (Cockerell) ; Europe, Japan, Oriental Region, Australia, N. and S. America. Signoret quotes arecac Boisd. as a synonym of this species and this has often laeen repeated. The name however does not occur in the " Ent. Hortic." or any other work ot Boisduval I can trace. HEMIPTERA 1 1 3 Tribe DIMERA. Fam. PSYLLIUAE. No previous records of Hawaiian Psyllids have been made, to my knowledge, and only 18 individuals, all belonging to the sub-family Triozinae, have been collected by Mr Perkins. Eleven specimens are referable to (probably) two species forming a new genus, while the others belong to the widely distributed and specifically numerous genus Trioza Frirst. I)r L. O. Howard informs me that there is a good collection, as 3'et unworked, in the U. S. National Museum. Hevaiieva, gen. nov. Distinguished by the elongate, sub-parallel tegmina and their distinctly rounded apical margin ; costa scarcely arched : the entire absence of a short veinlet, or of a marginal granule, in any of the posterior cells. Upper side of head and thorax glabrous, except for sparse bristly hairs. Cones not very prominent. Stigma present. Head (with eyes) as wide as mesonotum, a little wider than pronotum. Eyes prominent. Vertex anteriorly strongly carinate transversely. Stigma somewhat obscure, seeming at first to be only a thickening of the costa. ( I ) Hcvahcva pcrkinsi, sp. nov. PI. lY. fig. 1. Head, thora.x, abdomen and tegminal nervures bright ochraceous, jialer beneath. Eyes blackish, ocelli rubid. Antennae (pallid) and tarsi fumate. Hairs pale ochraceous. Tegmina hyaline, immaculate. Nervures slightly hairy. Pronotum slightl)- longer medianly than the head (seen from above), a little shorter than the mesonotum. Width of vertex between eyes subequal to the eyes together. Tegmina 2^ times as long as broad, radius slightly sinuate. Long. Corp. o'93 mm., lat. o"5i mm., exp. tegm. 3I mm. Hab. [a) .^ Oahu (August), Perkins: {i>) Konahuanua ridge (March). I have definitely determined 3 examples [a), while 7 others [6) almost certainl\- belong to this. There is a single male, much larger, greenish in colour and with head structure etc. different, but as it is gummed down on its dorsum on to card, I have left it undetermined. TkKizA Ftirster. Trioza Forster, 1848, V'erh. Yer. Rheinl. v. p. 67. 114 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (i) Trioza iolani, sp. nov. . PI. IV. hg. 2. J. Pale green, abdomen beneath spotted and shortly striped with black. Eyes red-brown, antennae pale flavous basally, blackish-brown apically. Elytra hyaline, immaculate, nervures brownish. Tarsi fusco-testaceous. Cones strongly developed. Costa rounded throughout, but not strongly ; radius sinuate, apex of 7th cell reaching beyond base of 4th. Long. 2'8 mm. (to apex abd.) : 5 "2 mm. (to apex of tegmina) ; expanse of tegmina 8 '4 mm. Hab. Kauai, Halemanu, 4000 ft. (May). — Oahu, Waialua (Perkins). I have identified 2 t examples as belonging to this species, the remaining 6 Triosae 1 have not definitely determined. Division AUCHENORRHYNCHA. [Earn. CICADIDAE. It is remarkable that no representatives of this family of powerful insects have yet been definitely recorded, though in the ''Voyage of the Blonde," "Cicadas" are recorded, though at that date this may well have meant 0/iarns or Siphanta. It is surprising that the genus Cicadetta Kolen, so widely distributed throughout the Australian region, has not extended its range to the Hawaiian Isles.] Earn. TETIGONIIDAE (or JASSIDAE). Subfam. BYTHOSCOPINAE. BvTHOscopus Germ., Kirk. Bythoscopus Germ., 1833, Rev. Entom. i. p. 180 ; Kirk, 1901, Entom. xxxiv. P- 340. Macropis Auctt., nee Lew., typ. ( I ) Bythoscopus kukanaroa, sp. nov. Head, pronotum and scutellum pale luteo-flavous ; frons transversely clouded with blackish-brown in the middle, clypeus as in kaiamamao, pronotum and scutellum obscurely spotted and dotted with dark brown, a reddish-brown spot near the HEMIPTERA 115 exterior angles of the latter. Pronotum spotted with black at the base. Propleura clouded with black. Elytra dilute olivaceous-brown (tending to a ruddy brownish tinge towards the lateral margins and the apex), closely and minutely irrorated with blackish- brown, except apically ; a whitish obscure spot near the apex of the clavus, and one or two smaller ones on the corium. Nervures more or less reddish-brown, claval suture pale flavous ; clavus apically black. Legs sordid flavous, spotted with black, tarsi more or less blackish. Head and eyes very slightly wider than pronotum. Eyes about ^th wider than base ot vertex. Vertex apically rounded. Anterior margin of pronotum widely roundly convex, lateral angles roundly obtuse-angled, lateral margins scarce!) reflexed, postero-lateral margin a little longer than the antero-lateral. .Scutellum much shorter than wide. Nervures well-marked, transverse nervures in clavus {these appear to be absent in some European forms). Long, nearly 6 mm., lat. 2\ mm. Hab. Kauai, Halemana 4000 ft. (June), Perkins. A single specimen, without abdomen. (2) Bythoscopus kaianiauiao, sp. nov. Very similar to B. kiikanaroa, but smaller, and the elytra without irrorations. Head, pronotum and scutellum coloured as in kn-kanaroa, but less maculate ; a somewhat obscure horseshoe-shaped mark on scutellum, and a slender longitudinal line on vertex, brownish. Elytra dilute olivaceous, a little clouded with brownish-black here and there, nervures mostly dark brownish. Frons more or less ferruginous, clypeus obscure black, with a central and a lateral, slender, line, flavo-ferruginous. Propleura clouded with black. Legs sordid Havous, clouded and spotted with black ; intermediate femora ringed widely near the apex with black. Beneath Havo-ferruginous. Head and eyes very slightly narrower than pronotum, vertex apically rounded. Pronotum, scutellum and nervures as in kukanaroa. Eyes about one-third wider than vertex at base. %. Last " abdominal " segment, transverse, sinuately emarginate apically, the middle shortly minutely angularly emarginate, — without teeth. Genital segment very long. Long. 5^ mm. (to apex of elytra), lat. 2 mm. Hab. Kauai, high plateau (August), Perkins; one specimen only. (3) ' Bythoscoptis peregrinus Stal. Bythoscopus peregriiucs Stal, 1859. Eugenie's Resa Insekter, p. 291. Hab. Oahu (Stal); also recorded from Tahiti, Rio Janeiro, and California. ii6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (4) i' Bythoscopiis vidints Stal. Bvthoscopns vid^nts Stal, 1S59, Eugenie's Resa Iiisekter. p. 291. Hab. Oahu, Honolulu (Stal) : also from Tahiti. I have not identified these two species and have not seen the types. Subfam. TETIGONIINAE. Of this, the t)pical subfamily, no examples were collected by Perkins. It is possible that they have been overlooked, as the forms are practically cosmopolitan and have considerable powers of distribution, one species, Tetigonia albida Walker, having been recorded from India, Ce.ylon, Madagascar, South Africa, Philippines, North Australia, etc. One genus and species only has been noted from our P'auna, viz. Tetigonia Geoffr. Tetigonia Geoffroy, 1761 — 62, Hist, abreg. Ins. 1. p 429; Kirk., 1900, Entom, XXXIII. p. 262. = TcttiiTonia auctt., nee Linne. ,s ' (i) Tetigoma varicolor, Sign. Tettigonia varicolor 'Six^noxftl, 1854, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, (3) 11. p. 15, PI. i, fig. 15. Hal. Oahu, Honolulu. I have not seen this. Subfam. JASSIDAE. 1 have not completed my investigations on this difficult group, and reserve them for a later communication. Fam. FULGORIDAE. This great family is represented b)- a large number of Asiracinae (which will be treated in another communication) and Fulgorinae ; and a single genus and species of Poekillopterinae. Subfam. POEKILLOPTERINAE Kirk. ( = Flatida, etc., Stal, 1866.) I his widely distributed group is represented by a single genus and species. HEMIPTERA 117 SiPHANTA Stal. Siphauta'^x.dX, 1866, Hem. Afr. iv. p. 238; Melichar, 1902, Ann. Naturh. Hofnuis. Wien, xvii. p. 36. Plialaiiicsthes Kirkaldy, 1899, Ent. Nachr. xxv. p. 359. Allied to Psciidoflata Guerin, but distinijuished by the much shorter second segment of the antennae ; differs from Carthaca .Stal by the unisjiinose posterior tibiae. Head, pronotum and scutellum lying in the same plane ; vertex roundly produced in front of the eyes, horizontal, acutely marginate, medianly carinate, reticulate : ocelli very distinct, first segment of antennae very short, second comparatively short, scarcely attaining to margins of genae'. Scutellum tricarinate. Tegmina highly decumbent, apically truncate, without any series of transverse nervures apically, densely reticulate, costal area transversely venose. Posterior tibiae unispinose. Abdomen compressed. When describing Phalainesthes, I did not know Siphaiita except by Stal's too laconic diagnosis. Melichar notes it as distributed over Australia, Tasmania, Java, .St Helena, and the Hawaiian Archipelago. ( I ) Siphaiita acuta. Walker. Poeciloptcra acuta Walker, 1851, List., 11. p. 448. Phalainesthes schatiiiislandi Kirkaldy, 1899, Ent. Xachr. p. 359. Siphanta acuta Melichar, Ann. Naturh. Hofmus. p. },-], PI. iii, fig. 13. Hab. Oahu, Hilo (Mus. Bremen); Honolulu Mts. (June, July), Perkins; Australia and Tasmania (Melichar). I have seen 10 examples. Siibfam. FVLGORINAE. Tribe CI XI ARIA. In this little known tribe are included the genera in which the head is not angulate laterally ; the anal area of the hindwings not reticulate, clavus not, or scarcely, granulate ; and the claval vein joining the commissural vein near (but not at) the apex of the clavus. There are usually three ocelli, but if only two, the clypeus is usually not laterally carinate. This tribe shades into, and is probably not sharply separable trom, the Dictyophoraria. Two genera are present in our fauna, viz. the widely distributed Oliarus Stal, which as at present constituted is perhaps a little heterogeneous, and /olania, which I have thought advisable to separate from the widely distributed Cixius Latreille. O/iarus has five keels on the scutelkun, lohinia only three. ' This corrects and amplifies my original description. ii8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS The discrimination of species in this group is a matter of some Uttle difficulty. We have a fair knowledge of the European species, but only a fragmentary and inadequate acquaintance with extra-European forms. The characters relied on by European authorities are the shape and size of the setigerous granules on the tegmina, the form of the vertex and the colouring of various parts : the first and last I have found of little or no value ', the second of some degree of worth, but even in this there is some little amount of variation — to how great an extent caused by shrinking in dried specimens I am not sure. In what appears to be the same species the frons and clypeus may be black or pallid or varying between the two. There is, however, usually a more or less large pallid spot at the sides near the junction of these two parts ; the pronotum may be black entirely, or pallid entirely, or black with more or less widely pallid margins. The scutellum may be entirely black, or entirely pallid, or black with ferruginous or pallid keels'. In lolaiiia the ^ genital segments are comparatively simple, but are very complex in Oliarus, and I have not used them for specific purposes at present, until 1 have had an opportunity of examining American or Polynesian material. In these two genera the frons and vertex are contiguous, but separated by a portion of the head which appears truncate when the head is viewed in profile. This I have called the "fossette." It is keeled on each side and is more or less hollowed out. It is usually simple, or more or less obscurely (generally very obscurely) carinate medio-longitudinally ; in Oliariis taviehanieha and orono, however, it is distinctly longitudinally bicarinate. Fieber and Melichar consider this part of the head as a portion of the vertex, while some authors apparently treat it as part of the frons. The genera are easily recognized as follows : Scutellum with 3 keels; costal margin, of tegmina strongly granulate {i) lolania Kirk. Scutellum with 5 keels; costal margin not or only obscurely granulate {2) Olinnis^'iW. IoL.\Ni.\, gen. nov. Allied to Cixius Latreille, but differing principally by the structure of the vertex. Vertex anteriorly considerably narrowed, apical margin acutangularly produced beyond apical margin of eyes, base of vertex deeply roundl)- emarginate ; vertex hollowed out, not (or very obscurely) medio-longitudinally carinate. Middle carina of the evanescent posteriorly. Front as in Cixius, two ocelli (or a third, very obscure). Posterior tibiae with very feeble spinelets. Type I. perkinsi Kirk. ' In Hawaiian forms. " In the palaearctic forms, species are based upon the colour — (i) black or (2) ferruginous — of the scutellar keels. Is not the ferruginous colour, and still more the pallid colour in some Hawaiian forms, due simjjl)' to arrested ontogenetic colour-development ? HEMIPTERA ug ( I ) lolania pcrkiiisi, sp. nov. IV. %. 3. Brownish testaceous, eyes blackish-brown. Beneath testaceous, abdomen deep brown. Tegmina flavo-cinereous-hyaHne, generally irregularly and sparsely spotted towards the ape.\. Interior claval area spotted with blackish-brown, or almost entirely black. Stigma brownish-black. Tegminal granules subequal in size, setigerous, some- what irregularly placed, usually roundish. Rostrum reaching to apex of posterior coxae. t- First genital segment beneath basally deeply-roundly emarginate, apically roundly emarginate, with an acute triangular horizontal projection in the middle. Claspers long, something like those of Cixius s/t'oiimfjcus Scott, but not so stout apically. Anal tube not dentate. $. Somewhat larger than the males, the nervures often stronger and more strongly granulate. First three (?) segments of the abdomen beneath straight, fourth roundly emarginate apically. fifth profoundly roundly emarginate apically, sixth sinuately emarginate. Long. 5 — 7 mm. (to apex of tegmina) ; expanse 12^ — 13^ mm. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 2000ft., October, November; Olaa, September, November, December; above the Amaula Hills, 2000 ft., December: above Hilo. iSoo ft.. December; Kaumana, 2000 ft., (anuary ; Kilauea, July, August. — Oahu, Waimea watershed, April, Honolulu. 2000 ft., June, I uly, and October : Koolau range, 2000 ft., April; Kawailoa gulch, April. — Lanai, 2000 ft., July, October; Halepaakai, [uly (Perkins). An apparently common species in Hawaii and Oahu. The elytra vary from colourless to a yellowish tinge. One specimen has an irregular inverted V-shaped band at the apex of the corium. The scutellum varies from brown-testaceous (immature ?) to blackish-brown. I have seen about 40 examples. Oliarus .Stal. O/iai'its Stal, 1862, Berlin. Ent. Zeit. vi. p. 306. Oliariiis Melichar, 1896, Cicad. Mittel-Eur. p. 29. The Hawaiian species of Oliarus are distinguished by the costa being not at all or only very slightly granulate, the granules then being as a rule larger than the other tegminal granules, which are minute, round and setigerous. Unlike the palaearctic specie.s, these hairs vary in colour, being sometimes black, sometimes white, sometimes even particoloured, but most often, though not alwa}s, the dark parts of the nervures bear dark hairs, the pallid parts pallid hairs. The nervures themselves are very F. II. III. 16 I20 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS variable in colour, being sometimes almost entirely pallid tlavous or fuscous (except apically where they are most often dark) or entirely dark or alternately (on the same nervure) annulate dark and pale. The tegulae, on the colour of which palaearctic species are based, are also dark or pale or both. The frons and clypeus vary in the same way. There are such numerous transitions in all these points, in forms otherwise apparently identical, that it has been impossible to regard them as of any specitic value. There is a distinct tendency in several species, particularly kanakamis and tarai, to melanism in the Molokaian specimens. O. tainehanieha, oroiio, and hcvalicva appear to me to be sharply characterized, well defined species. O. kanakamts is well separated from the other species, but I am not sure that two distinct but closely allied forms are not included ; farai drifts by certain transitions, not too complete however, to luorai, which, in the absence of structural differences, I have reckoned merely as a var. of the former. Opiina seems distinct by the short almost square vertex and the picturation of the tegmina. The specimens from Molokai are often distinctly darker, particularly in O. kmiakanu.s and O. tarai. The species may be provisionally divided as follows : 1. Costa notably arched and thickened near the base; tegmina broad in proportion to tlieir length (j) hn'ahrc'a YJ\\\. \a. Costa not notably arched or thickened, tegmina usually somewhat elongate 2. 2. Larger species, not less than 18 mm. in expanse of tegmina ; nervures robust 3. za. Smaller species, not more than 17 mm. in expanse; nervures slight 4. 3. Pallid ; lateral margins of vertex subparallel ; disc of vertex black with a subcarinate median longitudinal pale stripe ; vertical fossette distinctly medianly longitudinally carinate (i) tamchameha Kirk. 3(7. Dark ; lateral margins distinctly converging towards the apex ; no pallid median line on vertex and vertical fossette not carinate {2) kaiiakaiius Kirk. 4. Vertical fossette distinctly bicarinate medianly ; tegmma yellowish hyaline, irregularly spotted {6) oroiio Kirk. 4^?. Vertical fossette not carinate, or only somewhat obsoletely unicarinate 5. 5. Base and apex of tegmina broadly dark smoky [or altogether so (var. i/wrai)\...(^) tarai Kirk. 5'k ^'i''- ; I'lt. I — I mm. Hab. Hawaii (September), Kona, 2000 — 3500 ft. (July, September to November). — Oahu, Mohuleua (April); Waianae Mts. (April). — Lanai, Halepaakai (July). — Kauai, high plateau (August) ; Makaweli, 2500 ft. (February), Perkins. I have examined 26 specimens. ' Antennae unfortunately always a little shrivelled. HEMIPTERA 131 (2) Sitlamita opioia, sp. nov. I separate this somewhat hesitatingly from the first, but the puncturation of pronotum and elytra (especially of the former) is very much more scattered and superficial, and the anterior lobe of pronotum is more constricted. Pallid cinereo- testaceous, punctures brownish-testaceous. Eyes, inner margin of corium in great part, and a spot near the middle of apical margin, also extreme apex — blackish-brown. Pronotum more or less clouded in the middle. Beneath pallid testaceous, sterna blackish. ?. Long. 4 mm. ; lat. i^ mm. Hab. Oahu, Kaala, 2000 ft. (April) ; i example. Division Chlamvdataria Kirk. ( — Plagiognatharia Renter.) PsALLUs, Fieber. Psallus Fieber, 1858, Wien Ent. Monatschr. 11. p. 320; Renter, i884(?)'. Act. Soc. Sci. Fenn. xiii. p. loi. Recorded from the Palaearctic and Nearctic Regions and from St Helena, but it is probably cosmopolitan. ( I ) Psallus sharpiamis, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 31. ^ %. Macropterous. Pale sanguineous spotted all over (including femora and tibiae) with black tuberculate spots, except on the more or less infumately luteous membrane. Pubescence mixed, pale and black. First segment of antennae pale fulvous, second more or less fulvous, third and fourth black. Spines of posterior tibiae and the apical segment of posterior tarsi, black. Cuneal suture generally narrowly pallid, wings iridescent (violet, purple, crimson, and green). Abdomen above blackish or livid. Ventral surface pale luteous, spiracles black. Vertex somewhat faintly longitudinally impressed. First segment of antennae somewhat incrassate, second 4|- times as long as first, five-sixths longer than third, 2^ times as long as fourth, and subequal to base of pronotum. Rostrum scarcely reaching beyond intermediate coxae. Pronotum not (or very slightly) transversely impressed. Posterior femora greatly incrassate, tibiae ' As far as I have yet been able to ascertain, separate copies of Renter's paper were issued 1878, but the volume of the Acta containing it was not distributed till 1884. 132 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS strongly spinose, about four times as long as tarsi, third tarsal segment not shorter than first and second together. $. Second segment of antennae somewhat evenly thickened ; vertex about as wide as the eyes together. First genital segment three times as long as the ultimate abdominal ; forceps sickle-shaped, ribbon-like. %. Antennae slender, vertex one-half wider than the two eyes together. Ultimate abdominal segment above roundly emarginate, beneath widely biemarginate. Long. 2,'Z — 3'5 mm- ; lat. \'2 mm. var. a. The sanguineous replaced by luteous. Hab. Of the type and var. a I have seen 17 examples from Hawaii, Kona, 4000 ft. (July, August) ; Kilauea (August). — -Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (October). — Kauai, Halemanu, 4000 ft. (May). var. /3. pcliduoptents, var. nov. Blackish-brown, cuneus (more or less), femora (more or less), apical half of head, lateral margins (widely) of pronotum, and two spots at base of pronotum — yellowish. Hab. Three examples from Hawaii, Hualalai, 5000 ft. (August). The forceps is identical with that of the type. The tuberculate spots are visible in an oblique light. P. sharpianus, which I dedicate with pleasure to my friend Dr David Sharp, from whom I have received many entomological kindnesses, is nearest allied to P. atoi7tosus Reuter. In some respects it is near Plagiognathus (sens, lat.) but the granulate eyes, and the long third segment of the posterior tarsi as well as the general facies, include it in Psallits. Division Heterotomaria Kirk. ( = Cyllocoraria Reut.) Orthotvlus Fieber. Ortkotylus Fieber, 1858, Wien Ent. Monatschr. 11. p. 315 ; Reuter, 1884, Act. Soc. Sci. Fenn. xiii. p. 342. Distributed throughout the Palaearctic Region. Recorded also from. North America, St Helena, and New Guinea ; probably cosmopolitan. Five species are now described, but there are several more apparently in material recently received from Mr Perkins. 1. Ground colour pale greenish (no red present) 2. irt. Ground colour reddish or at least largely red, or variegate 4. 2. Elytra (membrane very rarely excepted) not smoky or blackish. Eyes the same size in both sexes 3. HEMIPTERA i jj ia. Elytra (at least the clavus) largely smoky or blackish. Eyes much larger in the male than in the female {f) kanakaniis Yivik. 3. Pubescence whitish, unmixed (2) iolani Kirk. 3(?. Pubescence whitish, mixed with black bristly hairs (i) perkinsi Kirk. 4. Elylra almost immaculate sanguineous (./) kekele Kirk. 4a. Elytra variegate . 5. 5. Elytra largely sanguineous or blackish (var. kassandra). Cuneus always more or less sanguineous (j) daplnic Kirk. c^a. Elytra blackish and pale fulvotestaceous. Cuneus with a large black spot, not at all sanguineous (6) azulais YJvcV. (i) Orthotylus perkinsi, sp. nov. Finely punctulate, furnished above with short blackish bristly hairs and thin pale whitish pubescence. ^, %. Concolorous and macropterous. Bright dark green (varying through all shades to pale testaceous [after death .-"J), including cuneus. Head, anterior part of scutellum, apical part of cuneus, membranal nervures (sometimes), greenish-testaceous. Basal segment and basal half of second segment of antennae, pale reddish-brown, with three black bristles; apical half of second segment, the third and fourth segments, eyes etc., blackish. Legs testaceous ; apical segment of tarsi and the tibial bristles, black. Abdominal tergites blackish-brown, at least apically ; sternites testaceous or pale greenish-testaceous. Head about as long as first segment of antennae, vertex longitudinally impressed. Rostrum somewhat short, reaching to apex ot intermediate coxae. First segment of antennae incrassate, the rest slender ; second segment four times as long as the first, one-half longer than the third, which is twice as long as the fourth. Vertex three-fifths wider than one eye. Pronotum trapeziform, exceedingly minutely granulate, posterior margin very slightly reflexed. Posterior femora incrassate, tibiae more than six times as long as the tarsi, which are short, with subequal segments (third a trifle the shortest). Male forceps very minute. ^. Long. 3-j: mm. %. Long. 4 mm. ; lat. \\ mm. Very similar to O. vii-esccns Douglas and Scott, but is distinguished by the proportions of the antennae and rostrum, and by the much smaller male hooks. Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea (July — September, December). — Maui, Haleakala Mts., 5000 ft. (October). — Lanai, Halepaakai (July), 2000 ft. (January). — Oahu, Waianae Mts., leeside, 2000 — 3000 ft. (February). — Kauai, high plateau (August), Makaweli Mts., 2500 ft. (October). I have seen 32 examples, of which 25 are from Kilauea. (2) Ortliotyhts iolani, sp. nov. Very similar in proportions and colouring to the preceding, but antennae a little slenderer (especially first segment), and the conspicuous short black bristly hairs with 134 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS which O. perkinsi is vestured, are absent (except very rarely and sparingly on the head). Vertex seven-ninths wider than one eye. Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea (July — September) ; Kona, 4000 ft. (July) ; Hualulai, 5000 ft. (August). — Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (October). — Oahu, Pali (December), Waianae coast (January). 1 have seen 48 examples, the majority from Kona and Kilauea. (3) Orthotylns kanakmms, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 27. Closely allied to O. iolani, but both sexes are largely fumate, and the males have much larger eyes. Head, pronotum, scutellum, and elytra pale greenish or pale greenish-testaceous, more or less fumate, clavus nearly always entirely so. Membrane darkly fumate. Pubescence pale, unmixed (except very rarely, on the vertex). ^. Width of vertex and one eye subequal. %. Width of vertex and one eye in same proportions as in O. iolani. Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea (July, August) ; Olaa (September). — Oahu, Pipturus back of Tantalus (November). — Lanai, Koele Mts., 2000 ft. (January). — Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (October). (4) Orthotyliis keke/c, sp. nov. Plate V. fia. 28 to" Pale sanguineous (or sanguineo-fulvous) — including membranal nervures — with mixed pubescence — pale and dark. Eyes, third apical segment of antennae, apical segments of rostrum and of tarsi, bristles of posterior tibiae, blackish. Cuneus saturated sanguineous, membrane subhyaline, immaculate. Ventral surface and legs pale testaceous, femora pale sanguineous at the apex. Vertex submarginate basally. Second segment of antennae five times as long as the first, twice as long as the third, which is very slightly longer than the fourth. Rostrum reaching to posterior coxae. Posterior tibiae five times as long as tarsi, third tarsal segment subequal to the other two together. Pronotum immarginate, transversely impressed just behind the anterior margin. Long. 3-4 mm. ; lat. 1-3 mm. Allied to O. perkinsi Kirk. Hab. Kauai, high plateau (August). HEMIPTERA 135 (5) Orthotyliis daphne, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 24. Red, brown and white — variegated. Pubescence mixed ; the pale, silvery hairs being very thick and in little clusters. Head silvery white, a sanguineous inverted V in the centre of vertex. Eyes blackish-brown, antennae sordid testaceous, basal segment more or less sanguineous. Pronotum pale fulvo-fuscous, lateral and posterior margins very narrowly pale livid ; anterior margin (except laterally) sanguineous, broadly bordered posteriorly by pale livid. Scutellum pale greenish-white variegated with livid and sanguineous. Clavus livid fulvous with two long sanguineous streaks on exocorium ; extreme apex (externally) of the latter, white. Cuneus basally white, apically sanguineous. Membrane hyaline, apically fumate, not maculate ; nervures sanguineous. Femora apically sanguineous, rest of legs testaceous, including apical segments of tarsi. Posterior tibiae sometimes dark at extreme apex. V^entral surface sordid testaceous, crenital segments more or less sanofuineous. Rostrum slender, reaching: to intermediate coxae. Second seg-ment of antennae four times as lone as first, twice as long as third and nearly three times as long as fourth. Vertex very slightly narrower at base than the two eyes together. Posterior tibiae five times as long as tarsi, third tarsal segment very slightly longer than second. Long. 3 mm. ; lat. i "4 mm. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 2000 ft. (December). — Lanai, 2000 ft. (December). — Oahu, Waianae Mts., leeside 2000 — 3000 ft. (April) ; Waimea watershed (April) ; Waialua (March). A very beautiful little species of which I have seen i i examples. O. daphne, var. nov. kassandra. Plate V. fig. 25. A melanic form of the above ; head and cuneus silvery white, more or less fumate. Pronotum and elytra rich deep velvety blackish-brown ; clavus somewhat obscure ; a narrow apically narrowing sublateral streak on corium, and the scutellum silvery white, variegated with pale sanguineous. Cuneus apically and the membranal nervures rich sanguineous. Membrane pallid hyaline, apically fumate. Beneath brownish-black, genital segments more or less sanguineous. Legs pallid testaceous, posterior femora above blackish. Tarsi apically fumate. Pubescence as in the type. I have seen two examples. Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea (August). — Lanai, 2000 ft. (December). F. H. III. 18 136 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (6) Orthotylus azalais, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 26. Pale fulvotestaceous ; eyes, a solid triangle on the basal half of the pronotum in the middle, scutellum (except posteriorly), clavus in part, corium interiorly, a large round spot at base of cuneus, basal segment of antennae and entire ventral surface, black. Vertex and pronotum sparingly streaked with sanguineous. Legs pallid, posterior femora dark. Vertex one-half wider than one eye. Other proportions as in O. daphne. Hab. Kauai. I have seen 10 examples from Makaweli, 2000 ft. (June) ; Waimea Mts., 3000 ft. (June). There are also a number of perplexingly variable forms of this difficult genus which I have not yet satisfactorily separated. KoANOA gen. nov. Recognised by the dark metallic appearance and by the slender, short rostrum. Head short, strongly declivous, much longer than high, genae low ; second segment of rostrum a little thicker at apex than at base, third a little longer than second, apex of fourth reaching to base of mesosternum. Eyes touching pronotum. Posterior coxae somewhat long, apically contiguous, not very remote from lateral margins of abdomen, posterior femora scarcely incrassate, extending as far as, or a little beyond, apex of abdomen. Elytra extending far beyond apex of abdomen. Cuneus declivous, fracture very deep. Elytra [$) scarcely rounded laterally ; (?) laterally distinctly rounded. Abdomen much slenderer than thorax, at least in the $. ( I ) Koanoa haivaiiensis, sp. nov. Pitchy black, or greenish-black, shining above and beneath ; sterna and intermediate and posterior coxae more dilute. Pronotum, scutellum and elytra thickly clothed with easily divested pallid hair. Antennae (excluding first segment), legs, rostrum, fusco- testaceous ; posterior femora more or less banded with blackish-brown medianly. Membrane dark fumate. Antennae somewhat pilose, second segment nearly three times as long as the first, two-thirds longer than third, and a little more than twice as long as fourth. Pronotum truncate at the base, which is scarcely twice as broad as the length of the second segment of antennae, lateral margins almost straight. Third segment of posterior tarsi longer than either first or second. t- Vertex slightly narrower than one eye ; second segment of antennae as stout as the first, much stouter than the third. $. Vertex slightly narrower than the two eyes together ; second segment of antennae much thinner than the first, scarcely thicker than the third or fourth. HEMIPTERA 137 Long, t yi mm. ; % 2'6 mm. ; max. lat. t% •"4 mm- Hab. Hawaii, Hualalai, 5000 ft. (August); Kona 4000ft. (July); Kilauea (July to September, December), above Hilo 1800 ft. (December). — Maui, Haleakala 4000 to 5000 ft. (May). — Lanai, 2000ft. (January). — Molokai, 3000ft. (June). — Oahu, Mts. near Honolulu, 2000 — 3000 ft. — Kauai, 4000 ft. (June to August); Makaweli, 2500 ft. (February); Halemanu, 4000 ft. (May) ; Koholuamano (April). An apparently common species. K.A.MEHAMEHA, gCU. nOV. Has the appearance of a small Phytocoris, Fall., and differs from the other forms of Heterotomaria by marmorate membrane, sulcate verte.x etc. Vertex convex, declivous, distinctly longitudinally sulcate. Eyes touching pro- notum. Rostrum reaching to middle of abdomen, or at least to one-third of its length. First segment of antennae incrassate, much longer than vertex, second to fourth seg- ments very long. Pronotum distinctly rounded basally ; lateral margins almost straight ; scarcely or not callose anteriorly. Elytra (J %) reaching far beyond apex of abdomen ; membrane marbled. Head and pronotum with strong sparse bristly hairs, antennae and legs with strong bristly hairs. Posterior femora deeply longitudinally sulculate. (i) Kamehameha liiiialilo, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 22. Head and pronotum rich olive brown, the latter more or less with paler olive-brown on the posterior margin, and apically more or less pallid. Eyes blackish, very narrowly margined with sanguineous. First segment of antennae dark olive brown, apically narrowly sanguineous, second to fourth sordid testaceous, second apically blackish- brown. Scutellum more dilute. Elytra pale olive-brown [rich bright green when tresh], (the margins and nervures very narrowly and more or less interruptedly sanguineous), obscurely spotted with paler olive-brown'. Membrane whitish subopaque, marbled with pale greyish-brown, a conspicuous whitish wedge on the exterior margin immediately apical to the cuneus, followed apically by a conspicuous greyish-brown wedge ; nervures concolorous. Wings iridescent hyaline, nervures pale sordid testaceous. Abdomen above sordid testaceous. Head beneath, sterna and legs, pallid testaceous, tibiae (at least the two first pairs) annulate or spotted closely with black ; apical two-thirds of posterior femora blackish-brown, spotted with testaceous. Abdomen beneath, except mediobasally, blackish-grey. Rostrum pallid. Head, pronotum, and elytra, covered ' In some specimens, including the type, the costal area and cuneus are testaceous, spotted with rich brown. 18—2 it.8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS o with golden pubescence and short palHd hairs. First segment of antennae twice as long as the length of one eye (seen from above) ; antennae a little longer than length of insect to apex of elytra ; second segment 3^ as long as first, one-third longer than third, first and fourth subequal ; second segment nearly twice as long as basal width of pronotum. Posterior tibiae very long, five times as long as tarsi, first tarsal segment slightly shorter than second, which is slightly shorter than third (measured beneath). ^. Vertex slightly narrower than one eye. $. Vertex subequal in width to the eyes together. Long. 4|— 5i mm- Hab. Hawaii, above Hilo, 1800 ft. (September). — Olaa, 1500 ft. (September, November, December) ; Kona, 2000 ft. (December) ; West Maui Mts., Jao Valley (March). Lanai, 2000 — 3000 ft. (January, July). Oahu, Waianae, 2000 — 3000 ft. (February) ; Honolulu Mts. (November and December), Perkins. I have seen fourteen examples. The ground colour and markings vary considerably within the limits of greens and browns. The base of head and apex of pronotum may be sanguineous, and the scutellum may be clear pale luteous. The male is usually darker, especialy on the vertex. Var. %. Two pale greenish testaceous longitudinal submedian stripes on pronotum meeting anteriorly. Division Campi.yoxeuraria Kirk. ( = Dicypharia Reuter.) Cyrtopeltis Fieber. Cyrtopeltis, 1S61, Eur. Hem. pp. 76 and 323. Recorded from S. and S.W. Europe and S. America, but probably much more widely distributed. (i) Cyrtopeltis liatvaiiensis, sp. nov. Structurally more closely allied to the Uruguayan C. chlorogaster. Berg., than to the palaearctic species. Immaculate pale fiavotestaceous, furnished with short somewhat bristly concolorous pilosity. Eyes, claws, and fourth segment of rostrum, blackish-brown. Elytra with a faint greenish tinge, membranal nervures same tint. Second and third segments of antennae subequal, each three times as long as the first, all somewhat stout. Rostrum not reaching beyond base of intermediate coxae. Base of pronotum slightly wider than the length of second antennal segment, and twice as wide as the apical margin. Z%. Long. 3| mm., lat. |- mm. Hab. Maui ; Haleakala Crater, October. — Six examples. HEMIPTERA 139 Division Halt/car /a Kirk. ( = Laboparia Reut.) Nesidiorchestes gen. nov. Closely allied to Haliiais. Hahn, but differs by first segment of antennae reaching beyond middle of clypeus, rostrum reaching beyond posterior co.xae, the stouter antennae etc. Head (with eyes) wider than long, a little wider than pronotum anteriorly ; vertex convex, not longitudinally sulcate, produced subangularly rotundately in front ot the eyes, impressed transversely in front of the marginate base which slightly covers the anterior margin of the pronotum. First segment of antennae stout, reaching almost to apex of clypeus. Rostrum reaching beyond apex of posterior coxae. Pronotum trans- verse. Clavus, cuneus and membrane not (or only very obsoletely) marked off from corium, e.xcept the cuneal fracture which is very deep. Elytra apically sinuately truncate, not reaching nearly to apex of abdomen. Posterior femora enormously in- crassate, tibiae long and slender ; third segment of posterior tarsi the longest, second the shortest. Only the brachypterous form has been taken. ( I ) N'csidioirhesh's haivaiiensis, sp. nov. Plate IV. figs. 15 and 16. Head above, pronotum, scutellum and elytra flavofuscous or fulvoflavous — pale or dark ; the markings darker and somewhat variable, viz. : an oblique subcrescentiform spot on each side of the middle of the vertex, several marks on pronotum and scutellum ; three radiating lines (which are more or less interrupted and nebulose, especially apically) on elytra arising near the e.Kterobasal angle and reaching the apical margin, viz. : one sublateral, one marking the obsolete claval suture, and one between the other two. Rostrum brownish ; first two segments of the antennae testaceous, third blackish. Eyes blackish-brown. Abdomen above basally sordid testaceous, apically concolorous with the rest of the upper surface. Beneath and the legs dull violet-black ; coxae, apex of femora, the tibiae and tarsi testaceous. Above and beneath covered with very short and fine pallid hairs, head apically furnished with short black bristly hairs. Tibiae with black bristles. Head (with eyes) twice as wide as its length (viewed dorsally), a little wider than pronotum apically, a little narrower than the latter basally ; head (seen from above) a little more than three times as long in the middle as one eye. Vertex 2\ times as wide as one eye, two-sevenths wider than the two eyes together. Base of clypeus about on a level with the anterior margin of the eyes. Eyes a little incumbent on the pronotum. First segment of antennae three times as long as wide. I40 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS very slightly shorter than head (seen from above), second segment nearly four times as long as the first, three-fifths longer than the third. Pronotum one-fourth wider at base than apically, twice as wide apically as long. Posterior femora twice as long as the apical width of pronotum, 2^ times as long as wide. Posterior tibiae one-third longer than femora. Long. i'8 — 2'4 mm., lat. max. elytr. i — \'2 mm. Hab. Oahu, N.W. Koolau, 2000 ft. (December: Perkins). Five examples. Opuna gen. nov. I have placed this provisionally in Halticaria, notwithstanding its well-marked collar. It has the general appearance of an OrtJiolytus. Head short, dorsally viewed ; strongly declivous, convex, produced slightly roundly in front of the eyes. Eyes slightly incumbent on the pronotum. Vertex basally marginate. First segment of antennae short, not reaching to apical margin of the eyes. Pronotum transverse, collared apically, the collar convexly rounded posteriorly. Posterior coxae remote from the lateral margins of the abdomen, posterior femora short, incrassate. No alar hamus. (i) Op2ina hawaiiensis, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 29. Pale greenish testaceous with concolorous pubescence. Eyes blackish-brown, tibiae black-spined. Second and third segments of antennae subequal ; vertex four- fifths wider than the two eyes together, a little wider than apical margin of pronotum. Base of pronotum three times as wide as apical margin. Long, nearly 2 mm., lat. 1-5 mm. Hab. S. E. Coast (January : Perkins). Two examples in poor condition. PsEUDOCLERADA, oren. nov. This may be regarded for the present as an aberrant Halticarian. Depressed (at least in the macropterous form). . Head porrect, subequal in length to pronotum, a little longer than wide across the eyes. Vertex subconvex, not impressed nor sulcate ; subrectangular, a little divergent in front of the eyes (the interolateral margins of which are subobliquely convex), produced triangularly in front of the insertion of the antennae ; base carinately marginate. Eyes large. Bucculae short, not a third of the length of the head beneath, which is narrowly, longitudinally carinate posterior to the bucculae. Insertion of antennae nearer the eyes than to apex of vertex. Pronotum with an HEMIPTERA 141 extremely slender annuliform collar ; anterior margin slightly emarginate, base sub- truncate. Proxyphus marginate laterally. Costal margin of elytra very narrow, slightly dilated basally. Clavus distinct. Membrane biareolate. Hamus absent. Anterior and intermediate coxae as long as, or a little longer than the femora, incrassate, posterior femora a little remote from lateral margins of abdomen ; posterior tibiae six times as long as tarsi, third tarsal segment by a little the longest, second and third inserted subapically. Claws somewhat large, dilated internally near the base, arolia as long- as the claws, free, a little thicker at the base, ribbon-like. ( I ) Pseudoclerada »ioi'ai\ sp. nov. Plate IV. figs. 18—20. Dark blackish-brown ; base of vertex, legs (except broad bands on the posterior femora), first segment of antennae etc., pallid ; base and apex narrowly of exocorium, posterior part of scutellum narrowly, rufotestaceous ; membrane hyaline, rufotestaceous, more or less fumate apically. Beneath more or less sordid rufotestaceous, sterna and pleura more or less blackish. Second segment of antennae 2f to 3^ times longer than first, three-fourths longer than the head, and 3^ longer than the third segment which is a trifie longer than the fourth, each segment a little thinner than the preceding ; first and the basal half of the second — smooth ; apical half of second and the two ultimate, pilose. Pronotum subrugulose transversely, except on the anterior callosities, lateral margins sinuately divergent, lateroposterior angles rounded, base nearly three times as wide as apical margin. Elytra smooth, somewhat shining', rounded laterally ; corium without median nervure, costal nervure vanishing before attaining half the length of the corium. Cuneus rounded basally. Antennae and eyes in a line, and about the middle of the head, as seen in profile. Fourth segment of rostrum reaching nearly to apex of posterior coxae, one-sixth longer than third, first three subequal in length. $. Eyes very large, prominent, one of them one-fourth to one-third wider than the vertex ; head three-fourths longer than one eye. ?. Eyes much smaller, vertex nearly as wide as the two together. Head more than twice as long as one eye. Seventh abdominal segment beneath widely roundly emarginate, terebra reaching to middle of abdomen. A very variable species, both structurally and in colouring. Pronotum and scutellum sometimes widely pallid, exocorium rufobrunneous ; antennae occasionally more or less annulate, pallid and blackish. Abdomen beneath : each segment apically blackish, basally rulescent, or entirely bluish-black. Tibiae apically and basally black. Posterolateral angles and a wedge in middle of the base of pronotum, pallid. $%. Long. 5 — 6\ mm. ; lat. 2 — mm. (Brachypt.) $ 5 ; lat. 2\ mm. ' Actually extremely finely and closely punctulate. 142 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 4000 ft. (August). — Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (October). — Lanai, Halepaakai, 2000 — 2500 ft. (January, June — August). — Molokai, 3000 ft. (July). — Oahu, Halemano, Koolau range, 2500 ft. (January) ; Waialalua, Koolau range ; Honolulu, 2000 ft. (September, December). — Kauai, high plateau, 4000 ft. (August, December). Division Capsaria Renter. Sakona, gen. nov. Despite the fact that this genus possesses no collar to the pronotum, I have placed it here temporarily. The presence or absence of the collar is in fact, I believe, a somewhat overrated character. Lomatopleura Rent, has none (or only obscurely indicated), but is placed by its author in his Capsaria. Opium has a wide collar, nevertheless, I believe, is more allied to the Halticaria, while, according to Renter himself, his division Pilophoraria may or may not possess one. The genus has a strong resemblance to the Halticarian Strongylocoris Fieber. Pronotum somewhat superficially rugose-pimctured, elytra minutely but strongly punctured. Covered with pale pubescence. Vertex short, strongly marginate, almost vertical, much longer than high ; pronotum strongly declivous. First segment of antennae short, scarcely reaching beyond apex of head, subequal to fourth, second four times as long as first, 2\ times as long as third, which is a little more than twice as long as fourth. Posterior femora subincrassate, tibiae \\ times as long as tarsi, third tarsal segment a little longer than the first, second short. Cuneus declivous. Tibiae tuberculo-maculate, setigerous. Rostrum reaching well beyond apex of posterior coxae. (i) Sarona adonias, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 23. Sanguineous, or iuscosanguineous, head and apical part of pronotum more dilute. Eyes, apical part of second antennal segment, sterna, etc., black. Cuneus and tibiae yellowish, the former narrowly bordered with sanguineous ; membrane fumate, nervures sanguineous. Vertex one-fourth wider than the two eyes together. Base of pronotum one-half wider than the head (across the eyes), which is a little wider than apical margin of pronotum. Long. 51^ mm. ; lat. 2} mm. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, Sooo ft. (August); volcano, Hilo (August), Koebele ; Kilauea (August). — Maui, Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 ft. (October, March, April). — Lanai, Halepaakai (July). — Molokai Mts., 4000 ft. (December). I have seen 13 examples. HEMIPTERA Baracus CTen. nov. 143 Allied to Sarona Kirk., but at once distinguished by the sinuately emarginate base of pronotum, and by the callosely elevated scutellum. Vertex strongly marginate at base, covering pronotum anteriorly, the latter having an exceedingly short collar. Interolateral margins of eyes distinctly diverging apically. Pronotum and scutellum transversely rugulose. Median nervure of corium well developed. ( I ) Baracus Juncaiiensis, sp. nov. Plate IV. fig. 21. Head, pronotum, scutellum, and elytra, dark sienna-brown, shining; furnished with short yellowish hairs. Clavus and corium interobasally more or less blackish. Mem- brane fumate, nervures brownish. Legs entirely pallid testaceous. Head and eyes as wide as the length of the second segment of antennae, verte.x about three times as wide as one eye. Second segment of antennae nearly four times as long as the first, more than twice as long as the second, which is three times as long as the fourth, second scarcely incrassate apically. Eyes extending laterally considerably beyond apical margin of pronotum. Base of pronotum 2| times as wide as the apical margin. Posterior femora scarcely incrassate. Long. 5 mm. Hab. Lanai, 2000 ft. (January — July). Three examples. HVALOPEPLUS Stal. Hyalopephts Stal, 1870, Oefv. Vet. Akad. Forh. xxvir. p. 671. Inhabits Ceylon, Java, Sumatra, British India and the Philippines. ( I ) Hyalopephts pellucidtts, Stal. Capsiis pcllucidus Stal, 1859, Eugenie's Resa Hem. p. 259. Hyalopeplus pcllucidiis Stal, 1870, Oefv. Vet. Akad. Forh. xxvii. p. 671. Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea (August) ; Kona, 2000 — 5000 ft. (July, August, November). — Molokai coast (May) ; 3500 ft. (June) ; from boggy mountain top, 3000 ft. (June) ; very far up Kawailoa gulch (March and April), Perkins.— Oahu, Honolulu, -Stal ; Waianae mountains (April) ; coast (April), Perkins. I have seen i 7 specimens, including the type kindly communicated by Dr Auri- villius, which vary a little in darkness of colour. One specimen is almost immaculate on the pronotum, and the cuneus is pale yellowish instead of reddish. This may be due to immaturity, but is paralleled in a specimen of H. vitripciiiiis, Stal, in my collection from Java. F. H. III. 19 144 FAUNA HAIVAIIENSIS Division Miraria Renter. Oronomiris gen. nov. Closely allied to Megaloceraea Fieb., but distinguished by different form of head and the much longer legs. Elongate. Vertex apically suboval, sulcate longitudinally at the base ; frons strongly compressed, produced horizontally in front of the vertex, triangular. Pronotum longer than broad, with five longitudinal keels (lateral, sublateral, and median) ; base emarginate, exposing anterior part of scutellum. Exterior cell of membrane more or less opaque. (i) Oronomiris /lazcaiic/isis, sp. no\\ Plate V. fig. 30. Cinereotestaceous (tinged with sanguineous in one specimen), pronotal and scutellar keels a little paler ; (brownish next to keels in one specimen). Eyes greyish. Apex o' rostrum and the tarsi blackish. A black spot in the basal angle of membrane. Head as long as (or a trifle longer than) the pronotum, a trifle more than twice a. 1 long as wide across the eyes. Vertex two-fifths wider than the two eyes together, the ' latter touching the pronotum. Second segment of antennae a little longer than third twice as long as the first which is one-half longer than the head ; fourth segment short' Base of pronotum as wide as the length of the head, and ^ wider than apic.-* margin of pronotum. Rostrum reaching to apex of posterior coxae. Elytra reachir beyond apex of abdomen. P'irst segment of posterior tarsi twice as long as second a third together, second twice as long as third. Long. 4"2 — 5'8 mm. ; lat. nearly i mm. t. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 3000 ft. to 4000 ft. (September). — Lanai, Koele Mts. 2000 f (January). — Oahu, Waianae plains (April). Si.x specimens (tour from Kona), all somewhat poor condition. Nesiomiris, gen. nov. ^ Allied to Teratocoris, Fieber, distinguished by the length of the antennae, and by the proportions and structure of the tarsi. , Linear, glabrous, vertex transverse, transversely impressed, longitudinally sulcate ; V basally marginate. Head (and eyes) wider than the anterior part of the posterior lobe ^ of pronotum, produced in a non-attenuated collar behind the margination. Antennae one-half longer than the entire body. Eyes large, remote from pronotum, together as wide as the vertex. Frons not covering the clypeus, which is elongate, reaching nearly 1 HEMIPTERA 145 as far as base of gula. Rostrum reaching midway between anterior and intermediate coxae ; first segment incrassate, its ventral length one-third longer than the length (seen from beneath) of one eye, dorsally produced triangularly a little over the dorsal side of the second segment, which is slender, one-sixth longer than the first, which is four times as long as the third and three times as long as the fourth. Pronotum anteriorly narrowly constricted (not collared), deeply impressed transversely in the middle ; anterior lobe porrect, lateral margins slightly divergent posteriorly ; posterior lobe raised and rounded, irregularly rugulose, lateral margins slightly divergent posteriorly, base obtuse-angularly emarginate, exposing the anterior margin (the so-called "base" of authors) of the glabrous scutellum, 2^ times as wide as the apical margin. Mesosternum elevated, medio-longitudinally sulculate. Clavus distinct. Exterior area of membrane minute, opaque, interior area large, partly opaque. Stinkgland orifices elongate, somewhat narrow. Legs more or less hairy, coxae apically approximate, anterior coxal cavities very large, not fully occupied by the coxae. Femora long, not notably incrassate ; tibiae long and slender. First tarsal segment shorter than second, second and third inserted considerably post-apically. ^. Seventh abdominal segment apically sinuate. ( I ) Ncsioniiris /nncaiiciisis, sp. nov. Plate \^ fig. 50. Rich dark green (on close inspection minutely mottled with whitish) [varying to flavescent (post-mortem?)], whitish-pilose. Second (excluding base), third and fourth antennal segments sordid fusco-flavous. Head and anterior part of scutellum sordid testaceous. Ventral surface, legs etc. testaceous (the latter sometimes more or less greenish). First segment of antennae incrassate, less so apically, cylindrical, twice as long as vertex ; remaining segments slenderer, each in proportion to the preceding ; second segment a little more than three times as long as the first, which is half the length of the third, third a trifle longer than the fourth. Femora unarmed. Long. 6| — 7§- mm. Hab. Hawaii, Olaa (June, September, November) ; Kona 2000 to 3000 ft. (September, November). — Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (May). — Lanai, Halepaakai, 3000 ft. (January, February, July). — Molokai, 3000 to 4000ft. (June). I have examined 40 specimens. Blackburn mentions having some 40 species of Mirinae in his collection. I have noted here 21 with two well-marked varieties, and have still to describe some 10 or 12. The Mirinae are in themselves among the most difficult of Rhynchota, even among the comparatively speaking little varying British forms. Unfortunately, also, they are among the frailest, and many of Mr Perkins' captures in this group are, as was indeed to be expected, in indifferent condition. 19 — 2 146 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Fam. ACANTHI I DAE. AcANTHiA Fabr. Acanthia Fabr., 1775, Syst. Ent. p. 693; Renter, 1896, Act. Soc. Sci. Fenn. xxi. no. 2, p. I ; Kirkaldy, 1S99, Entom. p. 218. Salda Fabr., 1803, Syst. Rhyng. p. 103. This genus is cosmopolitan, having been recorded from St Helena, New Zealand, and from within the Arctic Circle. A few species frequent heath-lands, though they occur principally at the margins of lakes, ponds, rivers, etc. I have examined 29 specimens from our fauna, apparently representing two species, possibly a small proportion of actually existing forms. The genus is certainly of ancient date, though the only fossil records are from Prussian amber (Ligurian Horizon), and is specially interesting as illustrating the probable route of development, in habit and structure, of the cryptoceratous aquatic bugs (excpt Nepa and its allies) from the original terrene Heteroptera. Macropterous and brachypterous forms of both species are found. Apex of first (interior) areole of membrane not touching apex of second. Head (with eyes) not nearly as wide as base of pronotuni ; second segment of antennae three times as long as first (7) «7^/(?«.v. White. Apex of first areole touching apex of second. Head (with eyes) almost as wide as base of pronotum ; second segment of antennae twice as long as the first (2) oahiiensis, Blackburn. (i) Acanthia exidans, White. Salda exitlaiis F. B. White, 1878, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i. p. 373. Belongs to subgenus Sciodopteriis Amyot and Serville. White says " pronoti marginibus angustis lateralibus sordide brunneo-albidis " ; of the five examples examined, this is true of one only, the other four having these lateral margins entirely black. Length 4 — 4f mm. Hab. "Sparingly from wet moss in or on mountains near the Pali" (Blackburn). — Molokai Mts., 4000 ft. (May and June) ; Kawailoa, from the gulch itself, very far up (March and April). — Oahu, Waialua (March) ; Koolau range (August). — Kauai, VVaimea Mts., 4000 ft. (May), and Koholuamano, 4000 ft. (April), Perkins. (2) Acanthia oahiicusis, Blackburn. Salda oahiiensis Blackburn, 1889, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) iii. p. 353. Belongs to typical subgenus ; it is extremely variable in colour, but I cannot discover any notable structural differences confined to any of these variations. HEMIPTERA 147 There are five principal varieties, not however well marked off; the only constant feature appearing to be the tiny pallid spot near the apex of the black clavus, and the black pronotum. (i) Head, pronotum, scutellum, clavus (except a tiny apical spot), antennae above (except base of first), etc. — black. Corium and membrane dirty whitish with a few blackish-brown -blotches and the nervures of the latter colour. Abdomen above brownish-testaceous. First and apex of third segments of antennae beneath rufo- testaceous. Head beneath and sterna black. Abdomen beneath as above, but darker. Rostrum and legs dirty testaceous, more or less obscurely marked with black. Oahu, Kaala Mts., 2000 ft. (March); "near a waterfall several miles from Honolulu" Blackburn. Typical form (rare; immature). — Hawaii, Kona, 3000 ft. (December). — Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (April), Perkins. (2) Corium greenish-black except three or iour small pallid blotches. Abdomen above and below deep black. Legs pallid except a broad middle black band on all femora. Oahu, Kaala, 2000 ft. (March). — Hawaii, Kona, 2000 ft. (December), Perkins. (3) Like No. 2, but lateral margins of corium somewhat widely immaculate flavous. Legs immaculate brownish-fiavous, and a spot of the same colour on each side of the head between the eves and the ocelli. Lanai, 2000 ft. (December). — Kauai, Waimea Mts., 4000 ft. (May). — Molokai, 2000 ft. (June). — Maui, lao Valley (April and May), Perkins. (4) Like No. 3, but corium dark flavescent with a few black markings. Oahu, N. W. Koolau (August); Kaala, 2000 ft., on wet rocks, and Honolulu Mts. (August). — Molokai Mts. (September), Perkins. (5) Like No. 4, but corium pallid rufotestaceous with pale red-brown markings. Oahu, Honolulu, 2000 ft. (September). — Kauai, Makaweli, 2500 ft. (February), Perkins. Hab. The habitat of the species may be summed up as " distributed over Oahu, Hawaii, Maui, Lanai, Kauai, and Molokai." Length 3|— 3f m m. 148 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Fam. CORIXIDAE. CoRixA Geoffroy. Corixa Geoffroy. 1762, Hist. nat. Insectes i. p. 478; Kirkaldy, 1897, Entom, p. 260. Sigara Fabricius, 1775, Syst. Entom. p. 691. Corisa Amyot and Serville, 1843, Hemipt. p. 445 ; Fieber, 185 1, Abh. bohm. Ges. Wiss. (v) 7, p. 215. A large genus of world-wide distribution. An elytron from the early Tertiaries of Rott has precisely the picturation of modern forms, and the genus has been recorded from the Jurassic of Solenhofen. (i) Corixa blackburni F. B. White. Corixa blackburni V . B. White, 1877, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. p. 114, and 1878, lib. cit. (5) I. p. 366. The lines on the corium are short, interrupted and contortuplicate and are not divided into regular series. Intermediate tarsus very slightly shorter than claws. J. Pala boldly arched from the base, suddenly acuminate near the apex. %. Pala very like that of C. pygviaea, Fieber. Long. 3^ — 5 mm. ; width across eyes \^ — i^ mm. The males as usual are a little smaller. Hab. Oahu, Honolulu (Perkins, i %) ; very common in salt-water pools (on the sea-shore) formed artificially for the manufacture of salt (White). — Maui, Lahaina [Mus. Bremen ; "plentifully in a pool, October" (Schauinsland)]. I have seen the type in the Perth Museum, and six other examples. Fam. NOTONECTIDAE. Anisops Spinola. Anisops Spinola, 1837, Essai, p. 58; Fieber, 1851, Abh. bohm. Ges. Wiss. (v) 7, p. 481. A genus of world-wide distribution, except North Palaearctic. Some forms, very close to this, are recorded from the early tertiaries of Rott. (i) Anisops, sp. ? Hab. Thirty-nine specimens of a species allied to A. viii'ens Signoret (from Madagascar, etc.) have been collected by Mr Perkins, 2)7 from Hawaii, Kona, 3000 ft. HEMIPTERA 149 (June) ; and one each from Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (April), and Oahu, N. W. Koolau (July). This is a very difficult genus and one almost impossible to define satisfactorily from dried material. Tribe TROCHALOPODA. Fam. REDUVIIDAE. Subfam. ZELINAE. ( = Harpactoridae Leth. and Sev.) Zelus Fabr. Zeiiis Fabricius, 1S03, Syst. Rhyng. p. 281. An American genus of very closely allied forms which are much in need of structural revision. The form described below is almost certainly a recent importation — it has been sent to England by Mr Perkins only during the last few months — but as I cannot identify it with any described form, I have thought it better to add a name to my description ; it is allied to Z. Janus, Stal. ( I ) Zciiis peregrinus, sp. nov. Belongs to subgenus Diplacodiis Kirk. { = Dipiodns Stal). Elongate. Head, pronotum, sterna, scutellum, rostrum, antennae and legs luteous, more or less pallid. Postocular part of head above black except a median longitudinal stripe '. Anterior lobe of pronotum pinkish in the middle at the base, posterolateral spines brownish apically. Elytra sanguineous or luteo-sanguineous ; clavus and corium (narrowly) internally, subfumate. Membrane bronzy fumate. Abdomen above sanguineous (at least in part), below more or less brownish. Connexivum immaculate. Antennae and legs not at all annulate, sometimes obscurely fumate in part, especially the former apically. Covered with curly pale yellow pubescence ; head, pronotum and legs (at least lateral!)-) thickly pilose. Head and pronotum subequal in length, together at least one-seventh longer than first segment of antennae ; postocular part of head one-fourth longer than part between this and antennae. Head across eyes slightly wider than the anterior margin of pronotum. Ocelli situated on a part of head very slightly more elevated than the rest. Rostrum reaching at least to anterior margin of anterior ambulacra, first segment scarcely reaching as far as anterior margin of eyes, second about 2|- times as long as first, reaching to base of head. First segment of antennae three times as long as second, ' In one specimen this part is luteous except for an oblique roundly arched stripe just below the ocelli on each side. The species of Ze/iis are most variable in coloration. 150 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS one-fourth longer than third. Anterior lobe of pronotum longitudinally sulculate near the base, sides rounded, anteriorly strongly acutely tuberculate, anterior margin slightly roundly emarginate. Posterior lobe (between the spines) nearly three times as wide as the anterior margin of pronotum ; obscurely tricarinate longitudinally anteriorly, densely but very finely punctured ; posterolateral angles short but acute ; base truncate in the middle. Scutellum bluntly rounded posteriorly, subtuberculate. Abdomen beneath strongly carinate longitudinally. $. Antennae not dilated or thickened. $. Abdomen somewhat dilated'; antennae slender, posterior tibiae not tumid. Long, (to apex of elytra which slightly overlap apex of abdomen) Z ijy "■'"''•' % 14I mm. ; lat. pron. t 3 mm., % 3^ mm. ; lat. max. abd. $ 2^ mm., $ 4I mm. Hab. Oahu, Honolulu Mts. (May, 1900), Perkins. Three examples (two males, one female). Subfam. REDUVIINAE. ( = Acanthaspidae Leth. and Sev.) Acaiithaspidae Leth. and Sev., Cat. gen. Hemipt. in. p. 95. This, the typical division of the great family Reduviidse, is represented by a single genus. Alloeocranum Reuter. Microcleptes Stal, 1866, Oefv. Vet. Akad. Forh. p. 240 (preocc). Microc /eptes suhg. Alloeocraiiiim Reuter, 188 i, Act. Soc. Sci. Fenn. xii. p. 332. Two species are known, one from Northern India, the other insular. (i) Allococramnn biaiiniilipes, M. and S. Opsicoetus biannulipes Montrouzier and Signoret, 1861, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (4) I- P- 69. Reduvius lanigcr Butler, 1876, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xvii. p. 411. Plate IV. fig. 17. Hab. Oahu, Waianae Mts. (April), Perkins, one example, almost certainly very recently accidentally imported ; also recorded from Viti Isles, New Caledonia, Philippines, Reunion, Rodriguez, Malacca [and Cuba(?)]. This species was determined by my friend Mr A. L. Montandon ; the genus has not been figured before. ' The abdomen in each specimen was somewhat shrivelled, precluding description of the genital segments. HEMIPTERA 151 Subfam. PLOIIARIINAE. ( = Emesidae Leth. and Sev.) Ploiariodes F. B. White. Ploiai'iodes White, 1881, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) vii. p. 58. Ploiai-iola Renter, 1S88, Act. Soc. Sci. Fenn. xv. p. 711. Ploiariodes differs from Ploiariola only by the unreflexed lateral margins of the pronotum ; the tuberculate posterior margin of the pronotum (mentioned in the original description) is only a specific character. The typical forms are confined to the Hawaiian group, but the genus as a whole is distributed over the palaearctic and nearctic Regions, Central America and Ceylon. 1. k prominent tubercle on the posterior margin of the pronotum in the middle; elytra whitish variegated with fusco-cinereous (/) whitei. \a. Pronotal tubercle absent 2. 2. Elytra whitish variegated with dark grey ; a more or less bright crimson spot or streak on the costal margin of the membrane (2) ruhromaculata. 2a. Elytra whitish variegated with fuscous ; no reddish spot {f) pidchra. ( I ) Ploiariodes tu/iilei F. B. White. Ploiariodes K'/^/Ztv' (Blackb. MS.) White, 1881, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) vii. p. 59. Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea (July, August, September), Perkins ; Kona, 3500 ft. (June), Perkins. — Oahu, N. W. Koolau (August), Perkins. — Mauna Loa, 4500 ft., on dead branches of trees (Blackburn). — Maui, jao Valley, Perkins. I have examined 22 e.xamples. (2) Ploiariodes rubroniaeitlata Blackb. Ploiariodes nibroinacnlata Blackb., 1S89, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) iii. p. 349. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 3000 — 3500 ft. (June, October), Perkins, "beaten from a species of 0/iia at an elevation of about 4000 feet on Mauna Loa" (Blackburn); Kilauea (August), Perkins. — Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (April, May, October), Perkins. — Molokai, 3000ft. (September), Perkins; Olaa (December), Perkins. — Oahu, Kaala Mts., 2000 ft. (April), Perkins ; Waianae Mts., 2000 ft., beaten from dead Koa bough (April), Perkins. I have examined 10 specimens collected by Mr Perkins, and Mr Blackburn has kindly lent me his type for comparison. F. H. III. 20 152 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (3) P/oiai'iodes pulchra Blackburn. Ploiariodes pulchra Blackb., 1889, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) iii. p. 350. I have not seen the type, nor has Mr Perkins collected a specimen answering to the description. Hab. Oahu (Blackburn). LuTEVA Dohrn. Luteva Dohrn, i860, Linn. Ent. xiv. pp. 213 & 242. Occurs in North and South America, Philippine Isles, Celebes, Sumatra, and N. Britain. (i) L-nteva insolida W^hite. Luteva insolida White, 187S, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i. p. 113. Hab. Hawaii, Olaa (September), Perkins. One example. Ne.sii>iolestes, gen. nov. Allied to Ploiariodes and Luteva, distinguished by the short anterior tarsi, and the position of the somewhat elongate acute spine of the anterior femur, which is situated near the base of the latter ; forming in some ways a link between the divisions Leistarcharia Stal and Stenolemaria Kirk. ( = Ploiariaria Stal). Posterior lobe of head convex, strongly narrowed behind, rounded in front ; eyes small, projecting somewhat beyond lateral margins of head. Antennae long, first segment about si.\ times as long as the head, second segment slightly longer than the first. First segment of rostrum short, not reaching to base of anterior lobe of head, second reaching to base of anterior lobe. Pronotum anteriorly tuberculate on each side, apically wider than any part of the head, medianly constricted. Meso- and metanotum each with a blunt spine. Anterior coxae nearly twice as long as head, femora slightly curved, a little longer than coxae ; tibiae and tarsi together equal to femora, tibiae about 4^ to 5 times as long as tarsi, femora with fine hair-like spines beneath, along their entire length, also several short sharp black spines at intervals and a longer one close to the base. [Intermediate and posterior legs (except coxae) missing, but from analogy the posterior femora probably extend far beyond apex of abdomen.] Abdomen much longer than head and thorax together, gradually widening posteriorly ; connexivum vertical. HEMIPTERA 153 N^csidiolcstcs seiiiiiu, sp. nov. ?. Apterous. Pale testaceous, irregularly striped and variegated with black. Eyes black. Antennae pallid, multiannulate with black ; rostrum, pro- and mesosternum and coxae pallid ; anterior femora and tibiae pallid triannulate with black. A pale yellow tubercle in the middle of the lateral margin of each of the second to seventh abdominal segments beneath. Apical margin of ventral sixth sinuate. Long. Corp. 9^ mm. Hab. Hawaii, Olaa (December), Perkins. Only one specimen. Subfam. NAB IN A E. Reduviolu.s Kirby. Rediivio/iis Kirby, 1S37, Richardson, Faun. Bor. Amer. iv. p. 279 ; Kirkaldy, 1900, Entomologist, p. 242; Kirkaldy, 1901, Wien. Ent. Zeit. p. 219. Aptus (Hahn, 1S31, nee descr.) Stal, 1S73. Svenska V'etensk. Akad. Handl. xi. no. 2 [Enum. Hem. in.], p. 112. A^abis Leth. and Sev., Cat. gen. Hemipt. iii. p. 207 (nee Latr. typ.). A genus of world-wide distribution, which has established itself firmly in the Hawaiian Isles. Its origin there is doubtful ; R. b/ackbnrni h&\ongs to a cosmopolitan section of which the type is R. fcrits, Linne ; R. sitbrufus, rubritinctus and iiuvai have some little likeness with certain American forms, perhaps more apparent than real ; the others have no very near relatives. The genus is an exceedingly difficult one for specific differentiation, owing to the variability of colour, general form, and even to a certain degree of the male genital ' hooks ' (as first pointed out by Reuter, who has devoted considerable attention to the subfamily). Moreover, pterygopolymorphism is here rampant, and the modification or absence of the membrane and the change in shape ot the pronotum under such circumstances render the accurate discrimination of the species very difficult. Some considerable time elapsed before the palaearctic forms were adjusted and variability is even more accentuated in the Hawaiian forms. Dr Montandon's fine collection of these bugs, however, which I have had the good fortune to acquire, has aided me in gaining some idea as to possible limits of specific variation. Rediiviolus has been recorded from the Mayencian of Croatia and Prussian Amber of the Ligurian Horizon, also from the Tortonian of Baden. It is very difficult to arrange an analytical table of these forms, but the following may serve in the meantime : 1. Ocelli distinct, elytra well developed 2. I a. Ocelli absent, elytra short {8) lusciosiis. White. 2. First segment of antennae incrassate (7) rubritinctus, Blackb. 20 — 2 154 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS 2a. Antennae slender 3. Elytra coriaceous, membranal nervures stout, usually with numerous very sh ort 1 iranches 4- 3<7. Elytra submenibranous, subiridescent, nervures slender, not or scarcely branching 6. 4. Small, slender, cinereous elytra (j) hlackbund, White. 4(7. Small, stout, purplish-brown elytra {4) morai Kirk. ^b. Large, elongate 5- 5. Corium yellow, apically dark reddish (i) sharpianus Kirk. 5(7. Corium reddish or cinereous (d) jzcMz/w, White. 6. Elytra stouter, reddish or pale reddish cinereous [2) tarai Kirk. 6(7. Elytra very thin, pale greenish or yellowish testaceous (/) innctatus, White. (i) Rcdjiviobis innotatus, F. B. White. Nabis innotatus F. B. White, 1877, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. p. 112. Plate V. fig. 32. Recognized by the pale silvery-green colour, (usually) immaculate scutellum, and thin, iridescent elytra. Hab. Hawaii, Kona (common), 2000 — 6000 ft. (July to September), Kilauea (August). — Oahu, Waianae Mts. (April). 1 have seen 25 examples. (2) Reditvioliis tarai, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 40. Closely allied to R. innotatus but ruddy-tinged, the elytra stouter and with the nervures more pronounced and the male hook is slightly different. Elongate, pale sanguineotestaceous (sanguineous colour more pronounced on head, thorax and elytral nervures). Elytra immaculate, membrane hyaline subiridescent, nervures pale cinereous. Scutellum immaculate. Under side pale flavo-testaceous, sterna more or less tinged with sanguineous. Head as long as pronotum, nearly twice as long as width of anterior margin of pronotum, base 2f wider than anterior margin. Width across eyes slightly more than anterior margin. First segment of anterior third greater than head, second three-eighths greater than ist, slightly greater than third, which is one-half greater than fourth. Posterior femora slender, anterior femora comparatively slender. Central area of membrane with two longitudinal streaks, no offshoots. Long. 7^ — 9 mm. ; lat. \\ — 2\ mm. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 5000 ft. (June); Lanai, 2000 ft. (February); Molokai, 3000 ft. (June). — Oahu, Waialua, Koolau range (March). — Kauai, Halemanu (May). I have seen eight specimens. Varies a little in degree of sanguineousness. HEMIPTERA 155 (3) Rcdiiz>io/ns blackbiirni, \\^hite. Nabis blackburniV^\i\\.ft, 1878, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i. p. 373. Closely allied to R. ferns (Linn.) — very variable, but almost always pale brownish cinereous in ground colour. "Common amongst long grass in damp hollows on the higher mountains" (White). Hab. Hawaii, Olaa, 5000 ft. (October, November) ; Kilauea (August) ; Kona, 1500 — 5000 ft. (June — September). — Maui, Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 ft. (October). — Lanai, Halepaakai, 2000 ft. (February, July, September). — Molokai Mts., 3000 ft. (September). — Oahu, south-east coast (January) ; Honolulu, 2000 — 2500 ft. (February, August) ; Waianae Mts. (April) ; Kaala Mts. (August). — Kauai, Koholuamano, 4000 ft. (April) ; Waimea Mts. (May, June). Laysan (Bremen Museum). I have examined 47 specimens. This species is remarkable for e.xtending its range to the lonely reef ot Laysan, well beyond Kauai. (4) Rcditviolus morai, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 39. Belongs to the typical subgenus by the structure of the wings and femora, but has much the appearance of a Hoplistoscelis. Robust, not elongate, pilose (elytra very minutely so). Dark sanguineous ; antennae dilute, second segment obscurely annulate at the apex, fourth more or less fumate. Head marked with brownish-grey as in most of the other species of the subgenus. Large medio-anterior spot and the lateral margins narrowly, of scutellum, black. Head beneath and sterna black. Elytra pale pinkish-brown, spotted with brown, membrane slightly fumate, marked with ash-brown. Wings dark fumate. Femora more or less obscurely spotted with brownish-black, anterior pair more or less black beneath. Apex of tarsal segments and the claws blackish. Abdomen above more or less blackish at sutures, upper part of each connexival segment black. Abdomen beneath sanguineous. Head slightly widened behind the eyes. Pronotum and elytra punctured, the former minutely. Elytral nervures stout. Apex of corium sinuate. Posterior femora slender, more or less curved. Rostrum reaching to middle of meso- sternum. Head as long as the second segment of antennae, which is three-fifths longer than the first, slightly longer than the third, which is slightly longer than the fourth. Base of pronotum 2\ times as wide as the collar. %. Abdomen laterally rounded, extending beyond lateral margins of elytra. Long. 7^ — 8:j: mm. ; lat. 2^ — 2^ mm. 156 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (October). — Lanai, 2000 ft. (June) ; Halepaakai (July). — Molokai (July). — Oahu, Waialua, Koolau range, 2000 ft. (April). — Kauai, 4000 ft. (July, August). I have seen 14 examples of this somewhat variable species. The elytra are sometimes pale cinereous, pronotum posteriorly much marked with brown. Whole under surface dark brown. Legs darker and femora distinctly annulate with black and brown. (5) Reduviolus shai'pianus, sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 36. Tylus, base of head, pronotum, apical third of elytra, scutellum, genital segments, abdomen beneath etc. sanguineous. Head, lateral margin of pronotum, central line along scutellum, abdomen above, sterna (in part) black. Antennae, rostrum, and legs pallid (more or less sanguineous) flavous, apex of femora and base of tibiae sanguineous, apex of tibiae and of each tarsal segment blackish. Connexivum sanguineous spotted with black. Membrane cinereohyaline ; nervures pale lilac-brownish. In structure and size similar to R. ruhritinctus (and also often in colour and pattern), distinguished by the slender basal segment of antennae. Hab. Kauai, High Plateau (August), 4000 ft. (July). I have seen five examples. (6) Redmno/us siihni/ns, White. JVadis sudru/us White, 1877, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. p. 112. N. oscillam Blackburn, 1888. Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) in. p. 352. N. koelensis Blackburn, loc. cit. Plate V. figs. 37 & 38. I have unfortunately not been able to see the type, and the species remains to me somewhat enigmatical. I have before me some 59 examples, varying very greatly among themselves both in colour and structure, which I cannot separate satisfactorily owing to linking forms. Blackburn (who has kindly lent me the mutilated type of his species) has separated oscillans from siibnifus by its different colour and by the lobes of the pronotum being "considerably and regularly contracted towards the front," but neither of these points appears more than varietal. R. koelensis also (judging from the sadly mutilated type) is only a somewhat undeveloped form of S7t.brufns. The difference in the neuration of the membrane seems to me also only variational. Hab. Hawaii, 4000 ft. (July, August) ; Kaumanu, 2000 ft. (January) ; Kilauea, Hilo Road (June to August); above Hilo (December); Olaa (November). — Maui, Haleakala, 4000 to 5000 ft. (May, October); Jao Valley (March).— Molokai (June). — Oahu, Waialua, Koolau range, 2000 ft. (April) ; Kauoloa gulch (April) ; Honolulu, 2000 ft. (October); Pipturus (November). Its headquarters are in Hawaii. HEMIPTERA 157 (7) Rediiviolns riihrituictits, Blackburn. Nabis riibritiiictits Blackburn, 1889, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) iii. p. 351. Plate V. fig. 2,1. Distinguished in both se.xes by the incrassate basal segment ol the antennae. Very variable in colour and pattern. Hab. Honolulu, 2000 to 3000 ft. (June, December) ; near Waialua, Koolau range ; N. Koolau (August) ; Halemano, 2000 ft. (December). I have seen 15 examples. (8) Rcdiiviolus iitscidsiis, White. N'adis{?) /nsciosns White, 1877, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. p. 112. N. (?) curtipennis Blackburn, 1889, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) iii. p. 353. N. lasciosits Leth. and Sev., Cat. gen. Hemipt. 111. p. 210. Plate V. figs. 34, 35. In a series of 55 examples, I cannot separate A', lusciosus from curtipennis. A specimen of the former, donated probably by White, is in the British Museum, and the type of the latter was kindly lent me by its describer. Between the two forms I have before me every gradation, the different variations occurring in both sexes ; there is also considerable diversity in the reduction of the elytra, one specimen being almost apterous. The male hooks vary a little, but not more I think than occurs in R. fcnis (Linne). R. Insciosns is remarkable for the fact that the ocelli are absent, even in the most developed forms. Whether it is the brachypterous form of one of the other macropterous species, I am not able to decide definitely, but I think not. Hab. Hawaii, Olaa (September, November) ; Kona, 2000 ft. (July, September) ; Kilauea, 4000 ft. ; Hilo Road (August) ; Kaumana, 2000 ft. (January). — Maui, Jao Valley (March); Haleakala, 4000 to 5000 ft. (March, April, October); West Maui, 4000 ft. (April). — Molokai, 4000 to 4500 ft. (June, July). — Oahu, Honolulu Mts. (January, February, August, September, November); Waianae, 2000 ft. (February); Pipturus, back of Tantalus (December). Fam. GERRIDAE. MiCROVELi.\, Westwood. Microvelia Westwood, 1834, Ann. Soc. Ent. France iii. p. 647; Kirkaldy, 1901, Entomologist, p. 218. Hydro'essa Burmeister, 1835, Handb. Entom. ir. p. 213 : Kirkaldy, 1899, Entom. p. 113. } Veliomorpha de Carlini, 1895, Ann. Mus. Genov. xxxv. p. 120. A cosmopolitan genus, the species fond of islands. 158 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (i) Microvelia vagans, F. B. White. Microvelia vagans F. B. White, 187S, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i. p. 374. This beautiful Httle species may be distinguished by the antennal proportions, viz. : first segment about one-third longer than the second, which is about one-seventh shorter than the third, fourth twice as long as second. The posterior tibiae are destitute of long bristly hairs, the head is immaculate (except for the silvery lateral pubescence), the pronotum not carinate and the posterior femora unarmed. van One apterous specimen has the head very widely fulvous. I have seen the type (Perth Museum); and eight other examples (including apterous forms). Hab. " Not uncommon on running water" (White). — Oahu, N. W. Koolau range (May, July); Lanai, 2000 ft. (December), Perkins. Halobates Eschscholtz. Halobates Eschsch., 1823, Dorpat Naturw., Abh. i. p. 163 (Entomogr. i. p. 106); F. B. White, 1S83, Voy. Challenger, Hemipt. p. 23. A cosmopolitan pelagic genus. It is recorded from the Oligocene, but this almost certainly refers to Metrobatcs or allied freshwater genus. (i) Halobates sericeus, Eschsch. Halobates sericeus Eschsch., 1823, Dorpat Naturw., Abh. i. p. 165 ; F. B. White, 1883, Voy. Challenger, Hemipt. p. 47, PI. i. fig. 7. Hab. Oahu, near Honolulu (Mus. Bremen) ; distributed all over Pacific Ocean from Japan to San Francisco and from Cape Horn to the Hawaiian Isles, but less abundant on the South Pacific ; North Atlantic Ocean at Cape de Verde. March, April, June, July, October (probably all the year round). Not taken by Mr Perkins. [Recorded also from Madagascar and Cape of Good Hope, but possibly in error.] [(2) H. gennanus White, 1883, Voy. Challenger, Hemipt. p. 50, PI. i. fig. 6, will probably also be found off the coasts of our group.] Earn. PYRRHOCORIDAE ( = Lygaeidae -1- Pyrrhocoridae auctt.) Subfam. PYRRHOCORINAE. AsTEMM.A. Lep. Serv. Astemma Lepeletier St Fargeau and Serville, 1825, Enc. Meth. x. p. 323. Dysdercus Am. Serv., 1843, Hemipt. p. 272. HEMIPTERA 159 Another almost cosmopolitan genus, not yet however recorded from New Zealand or from the Northern parts of the Palaearctic Region. Two species are recorded by Scudder from the Olisfocene of Colorado. ( I ) Astounia periiviaiius, Guerin. Lygaeiis pcnivianus Guer., 1838, Voy. Coquille, Ins. p. 178 [1831, PI. xii. fig. 16]. Hab. Oahu, Honolulu (Stal) ; " I have three specimens... of what I believe to be this," obtained singly by sweeping ferns at a considerable elevation on the Waianae Mountains, and Haleakala, Maui (Blackburn, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S.W. (2) in. p. 344). Mr Perkins has not collected it and it is unknown to me. It has been recorded also from California, Puna, and Guayaquil. Distant (18S3, Biol. Centr. Amer., Rhynch. i. p. 233) mentions " D. fc rruginetis from Honolulu. ..probably a MS. name of the late Dr Stal." Subfam. PACHYMERINAE. ( = Aphaninae or Rhyparochrominae auctt.) Orthoea Dallas. Orthoca Dallas, [852, List Hem. 11. p. 532. Panic j-a Leth. and Sev., 1894, Cat. gen. Hemipt. 11. p. 191 (nee Say typ.). Another almost cosmopolitan genus, which (or one very closely allied) occurs not infrequently in Prussian amber and various other early Kainozoic formations ; also a close relation from the English Lower Lias. ( I ) Orthoca uigriccps, Dallas. Rhyparocliroiiins nigriccps Dallas, 1852, List Hem. 11. p. 577. Pamera nigriccps Stal, 1S74, Svenska Vetensk. Akad. Handl. xii. no. 1, p. 152; F. B. White, 187S, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i. p. 369. Hab. "A common species on low plants and under stones etc., but not occurring below about 1000 ft. above sea-level " (White). — Hawaii, Kona, 2000 to 4000 ft. (August). — Maui, Haleakala, 4000 ft. (October). — Molokai Mts. 3000 ft. (June). — Oahu, Honolulu (Stal); Mts. behind Honolulu, 2000 ft. (April); N. Koolau (July, August); Waianae Mts., leeside, 2000 to 3000 ft. (February). — Kauai, 4000 ft. (October). I have examined from these 20 examples, mostly dark-coloured. F. II. III. 21 i6o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Reclada White. Reclada F. B. White, 1878, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i. p. 370. This genus is quite unknown to me. (i) Reclada moesta, F. B. White. Reclada moesta White, 1878, loc. cit. Confined to the Hawaiian Isles. Clerada Signoret. Clerada Sign., 1863, Maillard's Reunion, ed. 2, vol. 11. Annexe J. p. 28. This genus is unknown to me, and as the description is in a somewhat inaccessible work, it is reproduced here. " Genre remarquable par la position qu'occupent les ocelles au-dessous des yeux de chaque cote de la tete, et non sur le vertex comme dans la plupart des Lygaeites. Ce genre viendrait, a cause des divers caracteres que nous allons enoncer, se ranger apres les Rhyparochromides dont il a le facies, car il ressemble a premiere vue a un Platygaster, et avant les Anthocorides. Tete triangulaire en avant, avec un faible tubercule pour I'insertion des antennes. Troisieme article des antennes le plus petit, premier article plus court que la tete. Rostre de 4 articles, le troisieme tres long, le quatrieme le plus court. Yeu.x moyens. Ocelles tres apparents et loges au-dessous de ceux-ci et de chaque cote du col, qui est aussi gros que la tete au-dela des yeux. Mem- brane avec 4 nervures plus ou moins flexueuses et libres. Pattes greles." (i) Clerada apicicornis, Signoret. Clerada apicicornis Sign., 1863, Maillard's Reunion, ed. 2, vol. 11. Annexe J. p. 28; PI. XX. fig. 8. " Brun fonce avec le rostre et les pattes jaune-testace ; le dernier article des antennes blanc-jaunatre. Pour la couleur, la taille et I'aspect en general, cette espece ressemble beaucoup au Platygaster ferrugineus Linne, mais il s'en eloigne et par le caractere important des ocelles et par les cuisses anterieures greles. Tete plus longue que large, tres triangulaire en avant, aussi large posterieurement qu'au-dela des yeux. Antennes noires sauf le dernier article, et les articulations pales. Prothorax trapezoide, le cote le plus etroit en avant, bords lateraux legerement releves et sinueu.x. Ecusson HEMIPTERA i6i aplati, legerement carene a I'extremite, qui est tres acuminee. Elytres brunes avec une large bande laterale testacee. Abdomen carene. Pattes jaunes." Hab. " Taken by beating dead branches of a species of palm in mountain forests " (F. B. White). Also obtained from Reunion (Signoret) ; Celebes, Bengal, Cuba, St Thomas, Venezuela, etc. Subfam. CYMINAE. Sephora gen. nov. Very like Cyiiiodciim Spinola, but the antennae have a much longer second segment. From Arplnms Stal it differs by the tylus not exceeding the bucculae. Also very like Cyimis Hahn, but more elongate and the elytra more parallel-sided, the eyes remote from the pronotum, rostrum much shorter, etc. Elongate, subparallel-sided ; closely punctured ; vertex a little flatter than in Cynius and the eyes distinctly not nearly touching the anterior margin of the pronotum. Rostrum reaching to the middle of the mesosternum, first segment reaching: to the middle of the prosternum. Anterior lobe of pronotum scarcely carinate. Anterior femora a little more swollen medianly than in Cyunts. $. Abdominal segments beneath, parallel ; abdomen apically rounded. $. Abdominal segments: fourth segment slightly angularly-emarginate, fifth and sixth apically acutangularly emarginate ; abdomen apically acuminate. (Segments as in Cynnts but proportions slightly different.) Type S. crinigcr. White. ( I ) Sepkora criniger, F. B. White. Cyimis criniger F". B. White, iSSi, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) iv. p. 57. Plate V. fig. 45. The head, the base of the anterior lobe of the pronotum (widely), the anterior part of the scutellum, etc., are black (as described by White), but these parts are so densely and closely covered by the pallid pilosity that they appear — in fresh specimens — to be pale flavescent. In one of the specimens (from Lanai) the left antenna is deformed, consisting of two stout, soldered, segments, which are twisted subobliquely. In another specimen, the second segment of the antennae is distinctly longer on the left side than on the right; antennal irregularities are not uncommon in this family'. The average antennal ' J. W. Douglas has discussed this at some length in the Ent. Monthl. Mag. u. p. 270, in. p. 200, and -xm. p. 1S9. Douglas seems to believe that these malformations are due to reproduction of missing segments in the imaginal instar, destroyed by predaceous Coleoptera, etc. ; but I believe that, in most cases at least, they are due to damage suffered in the ultimate or penultimate nymph-instars. In the same Magazine, F. B. White (xiv. p. 93) and F. Buchan-Hepburn (xiv. p. 256) record similar abnormalities in Cimicidae, Miridae, etc., while scattered details have been noted elsewhere from time to time. 1 62 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS proportions are : second segment about twice the first and about one-half longer than the third, which is a trifle longer than the incrassate fourth. Hab. " Very rare. Under stones on Haleakala, Mauai, at an elevation of 5000 ft." (White). — Lanai, 2000 — 3000 ft. (January, February), Perkins. — Molokai Mts. 3000 — 4500 ft. (May, June, August), Perkins. I have examined 22 specimens. (2) Scphoi'a calvus, White. Cymus calviis White, 1881, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) iv. p. 56. This species, which I do not know, must be close to S. crinigcr. White mentions that a specimen of this, too, has one of the antennae malformed. Hab. Oahu. "Very rare. Under stones on the mountains near Honolulu, at an elevation of about 2000 ft." (White). Subfam. A S TA COP IN A E. ( = Lygaeinae auctt.) Nysius Dallas. Nysms Dallas, List Hem. 11. p. 331. A remarkable cosmopolitan genus — probably of old geologic origin' — of some seventy-five to eighty species, of which nearly one-half are e.xclusively (so far) insular, five having been recorded from New Zealand and Tahiti. White and Blackburn have described 13 species from our fauna and Mr Perkins has collected a fair number of specimens, many of which appear to represent new species. Unfortunately I have not been able to see a single type except N. coeiiu/ostis Stal, so that 1 have, for the present, omitted consideration of these variable and inconspicuous forms. I merely describe three which appear to me to be indubitably new. ( I ) N^ysiiis oc/iriasis, sp. nov. Pale flavous ; apical half of fourth rostral segment, sterna medianly, femoral macu- lations, etc., black ; eyes and pronotal punctures reddish-brown ; elytra pale cinereo- flavous, semihyaline, nervures pale flavescent ; membrane yellowish-hyaline. Sterna strongly punctured with reddish-brown ; stink orifices pale luteo-testaceous. Compara- tively superficially and sparsely punctured, keels of pronotum and scutellum impunctate ; head and pronotum pubescent, except tylus and pronotal callosities. Bucculae nearly touching base of head, basal half depressed ; first segment of rostrum a trifle longer than ' Five species are recorded by Scudder from the Oligocene of Colorado. HEMIPTERA i6 o bucculae, second reaching to apical margin of mesosternum, third to apex of intermediate coxae, fourth to apex of posterior coxae. Eyes prominent, not touching pronotum. First segment of antennae reaching a little beyond apex of head, half the length of the second which is subequal to the third and to the fourth. Mesosternum sulculate, scutellar carina scarcely callose. Eyes and head a little wider than pronotal apical margin ; base of pronotum truncate, three-fourths wider than apical margin, which is about as wide as the length of the pronotum. Vertex three times as wide as one eye ; pronotum two-fifths longer than the head. t. Sixth and seventh abdominal sternites slightly roundly emarginate, eighth rounded posteriorly. $. Sixth and seventh angularly emarginate. Long. 4-|^ — 4f mm. ; lat. -^ mm. W\v,. Hawaii, Kilauea (August) ; Hualalai, 8000 ft. (August). I have seen eight e.xamples of this very distinct species. (2) Nysins saniidersiamts, sp. nov. Head smooth, shining, black (except sublaterally beneath) ; an interrupted stripe narrowing from vertex to clypeus, the pedicillate part of the eyes, etc., pale flavous. First segment of antennae pallid, more or less black medianly ; second black basally and subapically, pallid apically and subbasally ; third and fourth more or less fumate or black, the former clothed with pallid hairs. Pronotum, scutellum and elytra pale cinereo- flavous, the last subhyaline ; the first sparingly brunneopunctate except on the callosities and on the subcallose laevigate basal margin and also along the medio-longitudinal line. Scutellum posteriorly black ; apical margin of corium irregularly nebulose-fumate. Pro- sternum and propleura pallid, except a black spot on the latter ; the former more or less narrowly medianly black except laterobasally. Orifices and ambulacra pallid. Legs pallid, femora sparingly punctured with brown. Connexivum spotted with black beneath. Tibiae sometimes banded brown and pallid. Bucculae as in A^. oc/iriasis, but the elevated part a little shorter. Rostrum not reaching to apex of intermediate coxae. Head with eves one-third broader than lonsj'. Vertex slig-htlv narrower than the two eyes together. Second segment of antennae 2^ times as long as the first, a trifie longer than the third, which is subequal to the fourth. Pronotum not carinate longitudinally, twice as wide at base as at apex, mediolaterally subreHexed, distinctly roundly emargi- nate apically, base distinctly rounded, lateral margins sinuate. Pronotum and scutellum sparingly punctured, pleura more or less punctured. Lateral margins of elytra not, or only very slightly, roundly arched. $. Abdominal sternites blackish-brown, laterally more or less pallid, base of posterior femora and tibiae black-brown. Black encroaches often on to the elytra. Seventh sternite apically straight. 1 64 FAUNA HAWAHENSIS %. Abdominal sternites pallid except black at the base ; in the middle and at the sides more or less spotted with brown. Sixth and seventh sternites angularly emargi- nate. Long. 5^ — 6f mm. (to apex of abdomen) ; 6f — ■]\ mm. (to apex of elytra) ; lat. 2 — 2\ mm. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 2000 ft. (November); Kilauea (July, August). — Lanai, 2000 ft. (January). — Molokai, 4500 ft. (September). 1 have examined 11 specimens, collected by Mr Perkins. I have much pleasure in dedicating this to my kind friend, Mr Edward Saunders. (3) Nysiiis kamchanicha, sp. nov. Very similar to A'", delectus, White, but larger, hairier, more densely punctured, and more so on pronotum. Head, laevigate (not callose), part of pronotum, central carina, pronotal punctures, base and posterolateral angles, scutellum, claval commissure, apical margin of corium, antennae (except pallid base of first segment), eyes, etc., blackish. [Some punctures only narrowly encircled with blackish.] Head, sterna, pronotum, scutellum and elytra thickly covered with yellow hairs. Head immaculate. Pronotum pallid greenish- cinereous (except as above). Basal half of rostrum pallid, apical half black. Ape.x of second and of third segments of antennae very narrowly rufous. Elytra subhyaline, pale (greenish-) cinereous. Beneath blackish ; ambulacra, basal margin of meso- and metasternum pallid ; abdominal sternites sanguineous, basally more or less blackish. Legs pallid, femora striped and thickly spotted with black. Third tarsal segments and apex of tibiae blackish. Pronotum strongly pit-punctured. Elytra somewhat super- ficially transversely rugulose (not punctured). Second segment of antennae 2|- longer than the first and one-fourth longer than the third. Head one-fourth wider across the eyes than long, a little shorter than pronotum. Vertex two-sevenths wider than the eyes together. Pronotum nearly twice as wide at base as at apex. Rostrum extending as far as or a little beyond the intermediate coxae. Elytra slightly rounded laterally. $. Sixth and seventh abdominal sternites apically angularly emarginate. Long. 7^ mm. ; lat. 2\ mm. Hab. Hawaii, Hualalai, 5000 ft. (August), Perkins. Subfam. METRARGINAE (nov.). Allied to subfam. Cyminae by the dilated costal area, which is very much wider than the abdomen ; by the position of the spiracles, etc., but distinguished from it (and from all other Pyrrhocoridae known to me) by the hamus of the alar areole being continuous, extending from the vena subtensa upwards to the upper vein. HEMIPTERA 165 Ocelli present. Membrane without basal cells ; with four veins, the interior vein furcate. Femora scarcely incrassate, not spinose. Abdominal segments all attaining the lateral margins of the body, ventrally. Last three visible spiracles (on fifth, sixth, and seventh segments) situated ventrally near the lateral margins of the abdomen. Metrarga F. B. White. Metrarga F. B. White, 1878, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i. p. 370. Confined to the Hawaiian Isles. Lightly pubescent. More or less elongate-ovate ; above plane, somewhat convex beneath. Head subquadrilateral, anteriorly produced ; and compressed, strongly con- vexly elevate. Tylus prominent, arched exteriorly in front of the juga. Vertex destitute of a sulcus in front of the ocelli, which are a little nearer to the eyes than to one another and close to the base of the head. Eyes small, oblique, not touching pronotum. Antenniferous tubercles exteriorly strongly spined. First segment of antennae always extending well beyond apex of head. Rostrum reaching at least to posterior coxae, first segment reaching about to the base of head. Pronotum punctured, transverse, lateral margins carinately subacute, sinuate ; latero-posterior angles callosely prominent ; base subtruncate. Scutellum punctured, a little longer than wide ; tricarinate, radiating from the centre (as in Nysiits). Sterna punctured, abdomen smooth. Con- nexivum subvertical. Elytra minutely, not strongly, punctured, aviimissitra clavi shorter than the scutellum ; costal margin more or less rotundate, explanate, subreflexed, extending laterally well beyond the abdomen ; apical margin of corium strongly sinuate, exterior angle acutely produced, not reaching beyond apex of abdomen. Legs moderate ; coxae not remote ; femora subequal, scarcely incrassate, not spinose. Stink orifices large, auriculate. ^. Abdominal segments beneath subparallel, straight, the sixth and seventh apically more or less roundly emarginate, sometimes almost straight. %. Abdominal segments beneath : second to fifth subparallel, straight, sixth to seventh angularly (sometimes profoundly so) emarginate. 1. Pronotum toothed anterolaterally (/) nuda W'hite. \a. Pronotum rounded anterolaterally 2. 2. Membrane large, extending considerably beyond apex of corium, nervures distinct ; postei ior femora stout ( j) contractu Blackb. ia. Membrane small, scarcely extending beyond apex of corium, nervures mdistinct ; posterior femora slight (^) vit/osa White. (i) IMetrarga mida. White. Metravga nuda F. B. White, 1878, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) i. p. 371. = .'' M. obsciira Blackburn, 1888, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) in. p. 347. 1 66 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Plate V. figs. 41 & 42. Varying from brownish cinereous to pale reddish-brown or dark red-brown ; mottled with testaceous or flavotestaceous. Head, a smooth sinuate transverse stripe on pronotum, etc. black. Legs blackish-brown, pallidly annulate. Posterior part of scutellum often pallid. Membrane dilute fumate, spotted with whitish. Bucculae reaching almost to base of head. Second segment of antennae one-sixth longer than the third which is one-fifth longer than the fourth, second three-quarters longer than the first. Anterolateral angles of pronotum with a distinct spine. Posterior femora not reaching to apex of abdomen. t- Rostrum reaching to middle ot third abdominal segment ; sixth and seventh segments beneath slightly roundly emarginate. $. Rostrum passing slightly beyond posterior coxae ; seventh abdominal segment beneath deeply angularly emarginate. Long. 6^ — 9 mm. ; lat. 4 — \\ mm. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 2000 to 4000 ft. (July to September and November) ; Kuanui ridge (November) ; Kilauea, 4000 ft. (August) ; Kaumana, Hilo, 2000 ft. (January) ; Olaa (June, September, November, December). — Maui, Waimea Mts., Jao Valley (March). — Oahu, Kaala, 3000ft. (January), Perkins, Honolulu; Pipturus, back of Tantalus (August). This is a species very variable in colour, within the limits of browns. Its head- quarters seem to be in Hawaii, and it is the least rare of the species. (2) Mctj'arga obsciira, Blackburn. Metrai'ga obscnra Blackburn, 18S8, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. \V. (2) iii. p. 347. According to Blackburn, this differs — beyond unimportant colour characters — by the seventh sternite being much less emarginate apically in the female. Hab. Hawaii, and vegetable refuse on Mauna Loa, 4000 ft. (Blackburn). (3) Mctrarga contract a, Blackburn. Metrarga contractu Blackburn, 1SS8, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) in. p. 347. Plate V. fig. 43. Head, apical fourth of pronotum, the pronotal laevigation, anterior part of scutellum and the abdomen above, black, thickly covered with yellowish-golden hair. Eyes reddish-brown. Ocelli pale amber or reddish. Head beneath and sterna black with yellow hairs, ambulacra and the posterior margin of metasternum more or less pallid. Rostrum reddish-brown. First three segments of antennae pale reddish-brown, fourth black. Pronotum and scutellum (except as above) pale olivaceous or brownish, punctured HEiMIPTERA 167 with blackish-brown. Posterior margin of pronotum (narrowly) and the scutellum posteriorly, flavous. Elytra blackish-brown, closely spotted with fuscotestaceous, the spots larger on the costal area, membrane fumate, spotted with testaceous. Legs dark- brown, anterior and intermediate femora pallidly annulate near the apex ; posterior femora pallidly biannulate near the ape.x ; tibiae annulate near the ape.x. Conne.xivum above pallid. Abdominal sternites brownish-black. Head above obscurely rugose punctured, beneath and sterna strongly and freely punctured, pronotum and scutellum strongly punctured, medianly carinate. Bucculae reach to base of head. Rostrum very long. Antennae seven-tenths of the length of the bug, first segment a little incrassate. second one-half to three-fourths longer than first, slightly longer than the third, one-fourth to one-fifth longer than the fourth, which is fusiform. Pronotum with smooth, short, undulate, subelevate transverse area ; a little wider basally than apically, anterolateral angles broadly rounded, lateral margins sinuate. Pronotum a trifle more than twice as wide as long. Elytra finely rugose punctured, lateral margin of corium straight for about one-eighth of its length, then strongly arcuately dilated, apical margin roundly sinuate. Membrane large, extending con- siderably beyond apex of corium, nervures pronounced. Posterior femora stout, first tarsal segment lonofer than second and third together, third longer than second. ^. Rostrum reaching to apex of posterior coxae or slightly beyond ; si.xth sternite apically slightly roundly emarginate, seventh somewhat deeply so. %. Rostrum reaching to base of fourth abdominal segment ; sixth sternite apically somewhat deeply ; seventh less deeply, angularly emarginate. Long. 7 — 9 mm. Hab. Oahu, Konahuanui ridge (November), Perkins ; Konahuanui, 2500 ft. among decayed leaves, Blackburn ; not rare among rotten leaves, etc. at the foot of a precipice on the mountains five or si.x miles from Honolulu, White; N. Koolau (July). — Lanai, 2000 ft., December ; Halepaakai (July), Perkins. I have seen only six specimens. (4) Metrarga vil/osa, White. Metrarga vil/osa White, 1877, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. p. 371. Plate V. fig. 44. Similar to A/. co)itracfa, but the pronotum is a little narrower behind and shorter ; the lateral margins of the corium a little less straight anteriorly ; the membrane scarcely reaching beyond the apex of the corium, the nervures little apparent, the posterior femora less stout and not nearly reaching as far as the apex of the abdomen. Eirst and second segments of antennae (and sometimes the third partly) pallid fuscous, the fourth (and sometimes the third) fumate. Costal area spotted. Apical half of posterior femora pallid, basal half black. \'enter brownish, mottled with pallid ; femora and tibiae all biannulate. Bucculae reaching to about two-thirds the length of F. H. III. 22 1 68 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS head. Second and third segments of antennae equal, each one-third longer than the fourth, two-thirds longer than the first. Rostrum reaching to base of fourth abdominal segment, first segment reaching slightly beyond base of head. Anterolateral margins of pronotum rounded. $. Si.Kth abdominal sternite angularly emarginate apically ; seventh acutangularly emarginate. Long. 5 — 5^ mm. ; lat. 2\ — 3 mm. Hab. Maui, Lahaina, 3000 ft., Koebele. — Oahu, not rare among rotten leaves, etc. at the foot of a precipice on the mountains five or si.x miles from Honolulu (White) ; Honolulu, 2000ft. (June); Waiolani (June). The ground colour varies from brownish-cinereous to brownish-black. None of the five examples I have seen possess the villosity characterized by White. The general characters forbid its being a brachypterous form of contracta. Fam. NAEOGEIDAE. (=Hebridae auctt.) Merr.\gata F. B. White. Merragaia F. B. White, 1877, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. p. 113. Lipogoniphus Berg., 1879, An. Soc. Cient. Argent. (Hemipt. Argent, p. 286); and 1883, op. cit. IX. p. 14 (Addenda, Hem. Arg. p. 116). A Central and South American genus, probably introduced into the Hawaiian Isles. (i) Merragata hebroides, F. B. White. Merragata hebroides F. B. White, 1877, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. p. 114, and 1878, op. cit. (5) I. p. 366 ; Champion, Biol. Centr. Amer. Heteropt. 11. p. 122, PI. VIII. fig. 7. " On small stagnant pools formed by the temporary overflow of streams on the higher mountains. When the pools dry up the insect frequents the holes where the water has been " (White). Found also in Me.xico. 1 have examined the type and another example in the Perth Museum, and there is also another in the British Museum. Mr Perkins has not taken it. The Hawaiian examples are a trifle larger than the Mexican, one female measuring just over two millimetres in length. H.AB. Hawaiian islands (Blackburn). No one island mentioned. HEMIPTERA 169 Fam. LYGAEIDAE, Kirkaldy. ( = Coreidae Leth. and Sev., 1894, Cat. gen. Hemipt. 11. p. i.) Subfani. CORISCINAE Kirk. ( = Alydidae Leth. and Sev., op. cit. p. 105.) Ith.-\mar, gen. nov. Probably related to Apidaunis Stal (which I know only by description). The absence of the spine at the apex of the posterior tibiae, and the second segment of the antennae longer than the first, which reaches well beyond the apex of the head, will distinguish it from the other allied genera with remote posterior legs. It is exceedingly like, in general appearance, Daclcra punctata Signoret from Reunion', but differs by the proportions of the antennae, position of the eyes and ocelli, etc. Superficially resembling Rcduviohts innotatjis. White. Somewhat depressed. Head one-si.\th longer than pronotum, anteocular part twice as long as postocular ; juga not extending anteriorly quite so far as the tylus. Eyes remote from pronotum ; ocelli about as far distant (or a trifie more) from one another as from the eyes, and placed near the base of the head, below the posterior margins of the eyes. Bucculae short, reaching a trifie beyond the insertion of the antennae, but not so far as the apical margin of the eyes. Segments of rostrum somewhat subequal, first not reaching to base of head, fourth not quite reaching posterior co.xae. Antennae about two-thirds ot the length of the body, fourth segment about two- fifths longer than the third, which is subequal to the second and about three-fifths longer than the first, which extends for half its length beyond the apex of the head ; fourth incrassate, thicker than second and third but not so thick as the first. Pronotum densely impresso-punctate ; carinate longitudinally (posteriorly evanescent) : transversely impressed in the middle, just behind the apical margin ; lateral margins sinuate, base truncate, about twice as wide as apical margin. Meso- sternum deeply longitudinally sulcate. Elytra hyaline, impunctate, nervures strong, membranal nervures numerous, feeble ; apical margin of corium sinuate. Stink-gland orifices not very distinct. Anterior coxae almost contiguous, intermediate coxae a little less remote than the posterior, which are inserted about as far from one another as from the lateral margins of the sterna. Anterior and intermediate femora, tibiae and tarsi respectively subequal in length ; posterior femora twice as long as either of the other pairs ; posterior tibiae about two-thirds longer than anterior. First segment of posterior tarsi a little longer than the second and third together. Posterior femora incrassate, strongly spinose beneath in a double series, not quite reaching apex of abdomen ; posterior tibiae a little compressed, stout, strongly curved, not spinose (even at the apex). ' In Maillard's Reunion, PI. xx. fig. 7. 22 — 2 I JO FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS $. Seventh segment above, apically rounded (no genital segments visible), a little longer than the sixth ; beneath sinuately rounded. $. Seventh segment above shorter than the sixth, apically sinuately truncate, emarginate in the middle. (i) Ithamar hawaiiensis , sp. nov. Plate V. fig. 46. Pale flavocinereous ; vertex with a U, the sides narrowly passing between ocellus and eye, a median line on anterior half of pronotum, lateroposterior angles of the latter, abdomen above (except connexivum and sometimes apex more or less, pallid), apex of second segment of antennae, spines of posterior femora, apex of posterior tibiae, third sesfment of tarsi and claws in all letjs — black or blackish. Head beneath and sterna pale fulvotestaceous, abdomen beneath and legs pale griseoflavous, posterior femora generally more or less spotted with black. Fourth segment of antennae brownish ; corial nervures brownish or reddish-brown. Connexivum Havostramineous, internally margined narrowly with sanguineous. $. Genital segments sanguineous. Z. A trifle smaller usually than %. Long. 8^ — 9^ mm. (to apex of abdomen); 9 — 10 mm. (to apex of elytra); lat. 2 — 2| mm. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 7000 — 10,000 ft. (May); Lahaina, 2000 ft. (January), Perkins. — Molokai Mts., 3000 ft. (June). — Oahu, S. E. Coast (January). Rhopalus Schilling. AV/t;/rt/«.y Schilling, 1829, Beitr. Ent. Schles. i. p. 26; Fieber, 1861, Europ. Hem. p. 232. Corizus Signoret, 1859, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, p. 75; Lethierry and Severin, 1894, Cat. gen. Hemipt. 11. p. 115. Cosmopolitan ; several species recorded from the early Tertiaries. (i) ? Rhopalus hyalinus, Fabricius. Lygaetis hyalinus Fabr., 1794, Ent. Syst. iv. p. 168. Three specimens are doubtfully referred to this widely spread form. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, 2000 ft. (April), one example. — Oahu, Waianae Coast (April), two examples. HEMIPTERA 171 Fam. CIMICIDAE. Subfam. CIMICINAE. ( = Asopidae, Leth. and Sev., 1893, Cat. gen. Hemipt. i. p. 202.) Oechalia. Oechalia Stal, 1862, Stett. Ent. Zeit. xxiii. p. 93. Australia, New Zealand and the Hawaiian Isles. Only two species are known. (1) Oechalia griseus, Burm. Asopus griseits Burmeister. 1834, Nov. Act. Ac. Leop. xvi. Suppl. p. 293. Arnia patntclis Stal, 1859, Eugenics Resa Hem. p. 220. A. pacifica Stal, op. cit. p. 221. Oechalia pat ntelis and paciJicaWhiiQ, 1878, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) r. pp. 366 — 7 ; Blackburn, 1S89, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. \V. (2) in. p. 343. Plate V. figs. 47 & 48. This is one of the most variable Cimicidae known to me. I have examined 43 individuals, and the variations are apparently distributed through the Islands, and the intermediate forms between the extreme varieties seem quite sufficient for their inclusion under one species. The two most dissimilar forms of pronotal structure are figured. The length of the bug varies from 8:^ — 13^ mm., and the ground colour from a beautiful deep metallic green above and reddish below, to dull yellowish-brown above and pale dirty fuscous below, or on the other hand, deep brown, almost black, above and below. The extreme posterior part (the so-called "apex" of authors) of the scutellum is usually pale flavous, but sometimes unicolorous with the general scutellar tfround colour. Hab. " Extremely abundant on forest trees, especially A/ciiriics, at almost all elevations exceeding 1000 ft." (Blackburn). Hawaii, above Hilo, iSoo ft. (December); Kona, 2000 — 4000 ft. (June to August and November). — Molokai Mountains, 3000 to 3500 ft. (July). — Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (March, April, October). — Lanai, Mt. Koele (February), Perkins. — Oahu, Burmeister and Stal, Kaala Mts., on fern, 2000 ft. (March, April, August), Perkins ; Honolulu, Stal, 2000 ft. (April and October) ; Waianae Mts., 3000ft. (April); Waianae coast (April); Kawailoa gulch, very tar up (March and April). — Kauai, 2000 — 3000 ft. (January, February), Perkins. Subfam. PENT ATOM IN AE. Eysarcokis Hahn. Eysarcoris Hahn, 1S34, Wanzen. Insect. 11. p. 66 D Baden Distributed well throughout the Old World. Recorded from the Tortonian of 172 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (i) Eysarcoris insidaris, Dallas. Pentatoma insularis Dallas, 1851, List, i. p. 228. Hab. "Sandwich Isles" (Dallas). [Is this perhaps the Isle in the S. Pacific?] Only known to me by the type in the British Museum. Subfam. CYDNINAE. Geotomus Mulsant and Rey. Geotoiuus Muls. Rey, 1866, Punaises France, i. p. 34. , Almost cosmopolitan. ( I ) Gcotonnis pygniaeus, Dallas. Geotomus pygmaeits Dallas, 1851, List Hem. i. p. 129; Signoret, 1883, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (6) iii. p. 51, PI. iii. fig. 160. G. jiuundus F. B. White, 1877, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. p. iio. G. siibtj'istis F. B. White, op. cit. p. i i i. This variable little species has been recorded from India, Ceylon, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Cochin China, Celebes, New Caledonia, etc., under a great number of names. H.\B. " Widely distributed and pretty common, living under stones and about the roots of herbage, not confined to the mountains" (Blackburn). Dark van Flawaii, Kona, 1800, 3000 and 4000 ft. (September) ; Kilauea (August). — Molokai coast (April) ; mountains, 4000 ft. (June) ; Makakupaia (July). — Oahu, Halemano, 2000 ft. (February), Perkins. I have seen 10 Hawaiian specimens. Pale var. Hawaii, Kilauea, 4000 ft. (August), Perkins. One example only. Subfam. SCUTELLERINAE. CoLEOTicHus A. White. Coleotichits A. White, 1839, Mag. Nat. Hist. 11. p. 541. Distributed thoughout Australian Region, also from Formosa and the Moluccas. (i) Colcofichns blackbnrniac, F. B. White. Coleotichiis blackburniae F. B. White, 1881, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) vii. p. 52. C. blackbnrni Leth. and Sev., 1893, Cat. gen. Hemipt. i. p. 15. Plate V. fig. 49. This handsome species was described from a specimen preserved in alcohol. When mature, the upper surface is refulgent emerald-green with a well-marked crimson HEMIPTERA 173 keel from the apex of the head to the posterior end of the scutellum, and the pronotum and scutellum are very closely irrorated with crimson. The green ground colour is very closely punctured with golden-green and bluish-green. The bug is certainly green with crimson markings, not vice versa as White has described. Hab. Hawaii, Kona, about 2500 ft. (September), Perkins. — Oahu, Konahuanui, 2000 ft., Blackburn ; Honolulu, on flowers, mountains, Blackburn, 2000 ft., Perkins. — Kauai, Waimea Mountains, 3000ft. (May), Perkins ; Halemanu (May), Perkins. I have seen only eight specimens. Blackburn (Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) nr. p. 344) notes a mutilated Coleotichus "taken from a spider's web at Konahuanui, Oahu, at an elevation of some 2000 ft., which appears to be distinct from C. blackbitrniae White. It is more elongate, with the surface of the thorax uneven. " Bibliographic List. The literature relating to the Hawaiian Fauna is as follows. The Coccid records have been noted separately at the end. Blackburn, T. " Notes on the Hemiptera of the Hawaiian Islands." Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) iii. (1888), pp. 343 — 354. (Notes and descriptions.) BuRMEiSTER, H. '' Rhyngota in Meyen's Raise um die Erde." Acta Acad. Leop. Carol, xvi. (1834), p. 293. (Xificx'v^uon oi Asopus griseus.) Dallas, W. S. List spec. Hemipt. British Museum (1851), p. 228. (Descr. Pcntatoma insularis.) . Op. cit. {1852), p. 577. (Descr. Rhyparochromus iiigriceps.) KiRKALDY, G. W. " Eine neue Hawaii'sche Fulgoriden-Gattung und Art." Entom. Nachr. xxv. (1899), p. 359. (Descr. Phalainesthes schauiiisla7idi.) Reuter, O. M. " Monogr. Anthocoridaruni." Act. Soc. Sci. Fenn. xiv. (1885), pp. 555 — 758. (Revised descriptions of the then known Hawaiian forms.) SiGNORET, V. "Revue iconographique Tettigonides." Ann. Soc. Ent. France (3) u. (1854), p. 15. (Descr. Tettigonia varicolor.) St.Il, C. "Nya Hemiptera." Oefv. Vetensk. Akad. Forh. xl (1854), p. 246. (Descriptions.) . " Eugenies resa." Insekter (1858), pp. 220, 221, 243, 255, 275, 291, 292. (Various descriptions.) . "Enumeratio Hemipterorum L" Svensk. Vetensk. .Akad. Handl. xl no. i (1870), p. 121. (Locality of Dysdercus periivianus.) . -'Enumeratio Hemipterorum IV." Op. cit. xii. no. i (1874), pp. 121 & 152. (Notes on Nysius caenosuliis and Patnera nigriceps.) White, F. B. W. " Descriptions of new species of Heteropt. Hemipt. coll. Hawaiian Islands by Blackburn." No. i. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) xx. (1877), pp. no— 114. (Various descriptions.) . " Descriptions of new species of Heteropt. Hemipt. coll. Hawaiian Islands by Blackburn." No. 2. Op. cit. (5) \. (1878), pp. 365 — 374. (Further descriptions.) 174 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS [White, F. B. VV.] " Descriptions of new species of Heteropt. Hemipt. coll. Hawaiian Islands by Blackburn." No. 3. Op. cit. (5) vii. (1881), pp. 52 — 59. (Further descriptions.) . "Descriptions of new Anthocoridae." Entom. Monthl. Mag. xvi. pp. 146 — 147. (Further descriptions.) Also references in Walker's, Atkinson's, and Lethierry & Severin's Catalogues. COCCIDAE. (I have not seen the papers marked *. ) CocKERELL, T. D. A. "Miscellaneous Notes on Coccidae." Canad. Ent. xxxvii. (1895), pp. 253 — 261. (Note on Asterolecanium pustulans.) "Notes on the geographical distribution of Scale Insects." Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xvii. (1895), p. 621. "A Check-list of the Coccidae." Bull. Illinois State Exp. Sta. iv. (1896), pp. 318 — 339. "First supplement" to above. Op. cit. v. (1898), pp. 389 — 398. "San Jose Scale and its Insect allies." Bull. U. S. Dep. Agric, Techn. sen 6 (1897), p. 22. "Food-plants of Scale Insects." Proc. U. S. Nat Mus. xix. (1897), pp. 725 — 785. "The Coccidae of the Sandwich Isles." Entom. xxxi. (1898), pp. 239, 240. "The Coccidae of the Sandwich Isles." Op. cit. xxxn. (1899), pp. 93 & 164. *Craw, a. " Injurious Insect Pests found on trees and plants from foreign countries." 5th Bien. Rep. State Board Hortic. Caia. (1896), pp. 33—35, Pis. vii — viii. . "A List of Scale Insects found upon plants entering the port of San Francisco." Bull. U. S. Dep. .'^gric, Techn. ser. 4 (1896), p. 40. Howard, L. O. & Marlatt, C. L. "The San Jose Scale." Bull. U. S. Dep. .^gr., new ser. 3 (1896), p. II. *KoEBELE, .\. Rep. Ent. Hawaiian Govt, for 1897 (1898). . Rep. Ent. Hawaiian Govt, for 1898 (1899), p. 81. [There may also be information in other of these reports, but Mr Koebele, being away, has not replied to my requests for information.] Maskell, W. M. "Further Coccid Notes." Trans. N. Z. Inst. xxv. (1893), pp. 201 — 252, Pis. XI — XVIII. "Synoptical list of Coccidae reported from Australasia and the Pacific Islands." Op. cit. .xxvii. (1895), pp. 1—35. "Further Coccid Notes." Op. cit. (1S95), pp. 36 — 75, Pis. i — vii. "Further Coccid Notes," etc. Op. cit. xxix. (1897), pp. 293 — 331, Pis. xviii — xxii. " On a collection of Coccidae, principally from China and Japan." Ent. Monthl. Mag. (2) viii. (1897), pp. 239—244. TovvNSEND, C. H. T. "Some Mexican and Japanese Injurious Insects, etc." Bull. U. S. Dep. Agric, Techn. ser. 4 (1896), p. 10. [I have not seen the recent monographs of Leonardi, Berlese, and others, in which there is possibly information.] ADDENDUM. Cockerell does not consider Mytilaspis heckii to be identical with pinnaeformis (see Proc. Philad. Acad. 1899, p. 275, and Science, xv. 1902, p. 744). 0- ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere, collected during the years 1895, 1896, and 1897, by Arthur Willey, D.Sc. Lond., Hon. M.A. Cantab., Late Balfour Student of the University of Cambridge. Demy 4to. Parts I, U, and IIL Price 12s. 6d. each. Parts IV. and V. Price 21s. each. PART I. 1898. 1. The anatomy and development of Peripatus novae-britanniae. By ARTHUR WiLLEY, M.A., D.Sc. With Plates I. — IV. and 7 figures in the text. 2. Metaprotella sandalensis, n. sp. [Caprellidae]. By Dr PAUL MAYER. With 6 figures in the text. On a little-known Sea-snake from the South Pacific. By G. A. BOULENGER, F.R.S. With Plate V. 4. Report on the Centipedes and Millipedes. By R. I. POCOCK. With Plate VI. 5. Account of the Phasmidae with notes on the eggs. By D. SHARP, M.A., F.R.S. With Plates VII.— IX. 6. Scorpions, Pedipalpi and Spiders. By R. I. PocoCK. With Plates X.— XI. PART II. 1899. 7. Report on the specimens of the genus Millepora. By SYDNEY J. HiCKSON, M.A., D.Sc, F.R.S. With Plates XII.— XVI. 8. Report on the Echinoderms (other than Holothurians). By F. JEFFREY BELL, M.A. With figures on Plate XVII. and one figure in the text. 9. Holothurians. By F. P. BEDFORD, B.A. With figures on Plate XVII. ID. Report on the Sipunculoidea. By ARTHUR E. SHIPLEY, M.A. With Plate XVIII. 11. On the Solitary Corals. By J. STANLEY GARDINER, M.A. With figures on Plates XIX. and XX. 12. On the postembryonic development of Cycloseris. By J. STANLEY GARDINER, M.A. With figures on Plates XIX. and XX. 13. On a collection of Earthworms. By FRANK E. BeddaRD, M.A., F.R.S. With Plate XXI. 14. The Gorgonacea. By ISA L. HiLES, B.Sc. With Plates XXII. and XXIII. PART III. 1899. 15. Orthogenetic variation in the shells of Chelonia. By HANS Gadow, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S. With Plates .X.YIV.— X.XV. and one text- figure. 16. Enteropneusta from the South Pacific, with notes on the West Indian Species. By ARTHUR WiLLEY, D.Sc, Hon. M.A. Cantab. With Plates XXVI.— XXXII. and 7 text-figures. 17. On a collection of Echiurids from the Loyalty Islands, New Britain and China Straits, with an attempt to revise the group and to determine its geographical range. By ARTHUR E. SHIPLEY, M.A. With Plate XXXIII. PART IV. 1900. 18. On the anatomy of a supposed new species of Coenopsammia from Lifu. By J. STANLEY Gardiner, M.A., Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. With one plate. 19. On the Insects from New Britain. By D. SHARP, M.A., M.B., F.R.S. With one plate. 20. Report on the Stomatopoda and Macrura. By L. A. BORRADAILE, M.A., Lecturer of Selwyn College, Cambridge. With four plates. 21. Report on the Slugs. By WALTER E. COLLINGE, F.Z.S., Mason College, Birmingham. With two plates. 22. Report on the Polyzoa. By E. G. Philipps, Newnham College, Cambridge. With two plates. 23. The Hydroid Zoophytes. By Laura Roscoe Thornely, University College, Liverpool. With one plate. 24. Astrosclera wilhyatia, the Type of a new Family of Calcareous Sponges. By J. J. LISTER, M.A., St John's College, Cambridge. With five plates. 25. A contribution towards our knowledge of the Pterylography of the Megapodii. By W. P. Pycraft, A.L.S., British Museum. With one plate. 26. The Stolonifera and Alcyonacea. By SYDNEY J. HiCKSON, M.A., D.Sc, F.R.S., Beyer Professor of Zoology in the Owens College, and ISA L. Hiles, B.Sc, Owens College, Manchester. With two plates. 27. Report on the Xeniidae. By J. H. ASHWORTH, B.Sc, Demonstrator in Zoology, Owens College, Manchester. With two plates. aonboit J C. J. CLAY AND SONS, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, AVE MARIA LANE. 1; 50, WELLINGTON STREET. H s s,t ■'955 FAUNA HAWAIIENsis VOL. III. PART COLEOPTERA. II. D. Sharp Price Sixteen Shillings. To Subscribers Eight Shillings. The Fauna Hawaiiensis is being published in parts at irregular inter- vals, and will it is hoped be completed in three Volumes. Contributions have been made or W. H. ASHMEAD Prof. FiLIPPO SiLVESTRI ... F, E. Beddard, F.R.S. ... M. A. DOLLFUS Prof. AUGUSTE FOREL p. H, Grimshaw, F.E.S. G. W. KiRKALDY, F.E.S. E. Meyrick, F.Z.S. R. C. L. Perkins, B.A. ... D. Sharp, F.R.S A. E. Shipley, M.A. M. EuG. Simon The Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing, F.R.S. E. R. Sykes, F.Z.S The Lord Walsingham, F.R.S. promised by the following, viz. Hymenoptera Parasitica. TJiysantira and Myriapoda. Earthworms. Isopod Crustacea. Forniicidae. Diptera. Hemiptera. Macrolepidoptera. \Hy))icnoptera Acnleata, Orthoptera, \ Neuroptcra, and part of Coleoptera. Part of Coleoptera. Parasitic Worms. Arachnida. Amphipod Crustacea. Mollusca. Microkpidoptera. It is also intended to give a list of the Vertebrates, with their distribution, in the Islands. N.B. The parts of the three Volumes are being published concurrently in order to expedite the completion of the work. The price of each part will vary according to its extent and the number of Plates. Subscribers to the whole work will be charged half-price for each part. The parts will be sent, as published, to each subscriber who has paid for the preceding part. Orders should be sent directly to C. J. Clay & Sons, Cambridge Warehouse, Ave Maria Lane, London, E.C., or through any bookseller. Payments for each part should also be made to Messrs C. J. Clay & Sons. COLEOPTERA CARABOIDEA Bv D. SHARP FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS OR THE ZOOLOGY OF THE SANDWICH (HAWAHAN) ISLES Being Results of the Explorations instituted by the Joint Committee appointed by THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON FOR PROMOTLNG NATURAL KNOWLEDGE AND THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE And carried on with the assistance of those Bodies and of the Trustees of THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM AT HONOLULU. EDITED BY DAVID SHARP, M.B., M.A., F.R.S. SECRETARY OF THE COMMITTEE. VOLUME III. PART ill. COLEOPTERA. II. Bv D. SHARP. Pages 175—392; Plates VI VU. wieokmred. CAMBRIDGE : AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. '903 . ., , \All R lights reserved ^ April ()l/i, 1903. HonOon: C. J. CLAY AND SONS, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, AVE MARIA LANE. Elassoto: 50, WELLINGTON STREET. Ecipjis; F. A. KROCKHAUS. i^ctll gorft: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. Bombap anU Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO., Ltd. 175 COLEOPTERA. "'''fi^^'- III. COLEOPTERA CARABOIDEA'. By D. Sharp. Contents. § i, General rej)iarks ; \ 2, Systematic account : \ 3, Bionomical notes ; % J 4, Bibliograpltic list. \ 1. General Remarks. The Adephaga or Caraboidea form one of the great divisions of Coleoptera and include at present probably between 15,000 and 20,000 described species. About 212 species are here enumerated as members of the Hawaiian Fauna. The number of species in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland is about 450, the area of the Hawaiian Islands being about one-eighteenth that of the United Kingdom. The series Adephaga of modern authors consists of seven families, only two ot which are represented in Hawaii. The five families unrepresented in the Hawaiian Fauna are however comparatively small and, with the exception of the Cicindelidae, unimportant. The two families present in Hawaii are the Carabidae with 210 species and the Dytiscidae with 2. The Carabidae are entirely terrestrial, the Dytiscidae aquatic. Of the 2 1 2 species composing the Fauna 2 i 1 are precinctive, or confined to the area. The single species that is not precinctive is one that is distributed in various parts of the world, it is believed, by travellers. This species, Plochioniis pallens, has been found on the island of Maui near Lahaina, the port first frequented by foreign commerce, and does not appear to e.xtend its range, though it is probable that many years have elapsed since its introduction, which probably dates from the time when Lahaina was frequented by whaling ships. It is now, and for many years past has been, I believe, a comparatively unimportant commercial locality. Of the 212 species of Hawaiian Caraboidea 149 are here described as new; 60 were discovered and described by the Rev. T. Blackburn (now of Adelaide) during his residence at Honolulu, about twenty-five years ago, as a chaplain of Bishop Willis ; the other three were known to earlier authors. ' Parts I and II of Coleojjtera appeared in Vol. n ; they dealt with Phytophaga, Rhynchopliora, Heteromera, and Cioidae. F. H. III. . 23 176 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS The number of specimens on which the following account is based is about 6500. By far the larger part of this material was obtained by Mr Perkins while working for the Committee. But I have also received specimens from other sources. I have to thank Mr Albert Koebele, the economic entomologist of the Hawaiian Islands, for some very interesting specimens. Mr Perkins has recently sent me specimens collected by himself and friends. And Mr Blackburn presented me with a set of the specimens described long ago by him. Before entering on the systematic consideration of the genera and species, I may be pardoned for explaining the system I have adopted. It is indeed desirable that I should do this as the system is an unusual one, and some apology, as well as explana- tion, is demanded. It is evident from the statistics I have already given that this part of the Hawaiian Fauna is quite apart from that of other parts of the world. We have no clue to its source. It is also clear that this isolated and precinctive fauna must have existed for an enormous period of time under most peculiar conditions. A small area separated almost completely from the rest of the world, but divided into islands of a wildly mountainous character, subjected for a vast, though uncomputed period' to the most extensive volcanic disturb- ances, while the history of the separate islands as to these disturbances is, chronologically, widely difterent — such an area offers biological conditions almost without parallel on the surface of our globe. Of such a precinct every philosopher must like to know the history. Its Fauna and Flora are to be looked upon as amongst the most interesting of the biological experiments of Nature. Taxonomy. A preliminary scrutiny revealed the fact that these Hawaiian Carabidae are as regards their main divisions quite concordant with those of other parts of the world, but that they exhibit in an exaggerated form certain features that elsewhere are comparatively rare. The chief of these are (i) flightlessness, (2) a diminished chaetotaxy. I have therefore used these two characters to an extent that has not been done by those who have treated of continental faunas, and I have relied on them, almost exclusively, for generic characters. I am wfell aware that this system — as a system — has certain disadvantages. These indeed I hope to make evident in the following pages. But now that I have completed this part of the Hawaiian work I am of opinion that I have done right in adopting it. It at any rate brings the systematic divisions on to one plane with the bionomic aspects, and I think that by adhering to it my successors — and I wish I could hope the)- will be many — will find the interest of their work enhanced. I may perhaps make the merits and demerits of this system clear by saying that under it an individual, by a simple process of discontinuous variation — such as there is ' Dana, who studied these islands, considered them to be of enormous antii|uity, but decHned venturing on any specific estimate of their age. COLEOPTERA 17; reason for believing actually occurs — may ipso facto pass from the genus of its parents to another. It follows that the contemporary members of one generation may possibly belong to two different genera, though having the same specific parentage. In admitting this many will say that I have condemned the system I adopt, and that under such a system taxonomy would be merely a synonym with chaos. To this I reply that I do not wish this method to be applied at once to the Carabidae of other parts of the world. The Hawaiian Fauna is, as regards this family, as isolated as are the islands, and we may be content with seeing how this method works with this isolated faunistic fragment. And I may add that I have reason to believe that these dislocations of taxonomy— if they occur at all — occur but rarely. If the study of the Hawaiian Fauna should show that they do occur ; and if observation should show that, at the periods of the phylogeny when they occur, they do so in some cases with frequency, some evidence of real importance as to the mode of origination of species and of genera will have been disclosed. A brief statement of this subject will reveal some very interesting facts. The 209 species of Hawaiian Carabidae belong to four groups, Anchomenides, Pterostichides, Bembidiides and Lebiides. The Lebiides should however be omitted, as the group contains only two species, neither of which has I believe any claim to be considered a natural member of the Hawaiian fauna. One of them, Plochionus pallens, I have already alluded to as having been probably introduced to Maui by the whalers that formerly frequented the roadstead of that island. The other, Saronycliinin iuconspicintiu. is not known to exist elsewhere. It was discovered by Mr Blackburn twenty-five years ago, one specimen being found in Honolulu, and a second among dead leaves on Konahuanui. It has never been found since, and it is therefore very doubtful whether it actually exists in the Archipelago. Its discovery elsewhere would finally discredit it as a natural member of the Hawaiian fauna. The precinctive Hawaiian Carabidous fauna may therefore be considered to consist of 209 species, belonging entirely to three groups. The Carabidous fauna of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland consists of about 315 species, belonging to 25 groups. The remarkable taxonomic concentration of the Hawaiian fauna is not however adequately expressed by this brief statement because the Pterostichides form generally one of the largest and most varied of all the groups of Carabidae in all parts of the world ; but in the Hawaiian fauna it includes ■]'^ species, all of which would be placed in a single genus, Cyclothorax, were it not that I have separated them therefrom and divided them into four cjenera on certain of the de^radational characters that form so marked a feature of the Hawaiian Carabidae. Flightlessness. Vestigial wings. Much has been written on this subject, but the conclusions usually stated have a very small basis of fact, and interesting as the subject is, it must be considered a really neglected one. The data I here give are 2^ — 2 178 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS therefore of some importance, though they are very imperfect. They show that of 204 species 184 are flightless — possessing only vestigial wings — while twenty are fully winged'. In other words, 90 per cent, of the Hawaiian Carabidae are flightless species. I believe that in most continental regions these proportions would be about reversed ; but no statistics as to this exist so far as I know ; and no doubt the proportion would be found to differ greatly according to the locality selected for investigation. The Carabidae are "ground beetles," and allied forms may be either flightless or winged. Anchomenides are usually winged ; the only known allies of our Cyclothorax-iorm'i are winged ; and the whole of the European Bembidiides I have examined are winged. The forms to which the Hawaiian Carabidae are allied are therefore chiefly winged forms. A parallel to the remarkable flightless Bembidiid fauna of Hawaii is however found in St Helena, where eleven out of the twelve species discovered by Mr Wollaston are wmgless. Table of Haivaiian Flightless and Winged Carabidae. Genus etc. Flightless. Winged. No. of species. No. of species. Anchomenides. Blackburnia i Dcropristiis 3 Atrachycnetnis 3 Anchotefflus 2 Pieudobroscus i Derobroscus 3 Brosconymus i Anchonymus i Mauna i Disenochus 1 2 Chalcomenus 3 Barypristus 2 Baryneus i Colpodiscus 2 Prodisencchus i ApteroviesHS i Mysticoiiiemis 2 Colpocaccus 6 Atelotht lis 1 5 Genus etc. Flightless. No, of species. Winged. No. of species. Platynus 2 Mecostoinus I Mecomenus 2 Metrofiieniis 26 Pterostichides. Meiydoihorax 3° Thriscothorax 29 Atelothorax I Metrothorax 16 Bembidiides. Gnathofyiiinaeu/n I Nesolymnaeum I Bembidiiim 5 Nesocidium lO Atelidium I Metrocidium 2 Nesomicrops I MacmnillHS I Mesothrisciis 1 4 Total 1 84 20 It would be out of place to discuss at any length the theories that have been or that might be promulgated in reference to the flightle.ssness of insular beetles. Charles Darwin believed "that the wingless condition of so many Madeira beetles is mainly due to the action of natural selection, combined probably with disuse." Since he wrote In the following table Tac/iys, of the Bembidiides, is omitted (as well as the two Lebiides previously alluded to) because I have no material for examination and it is doubtful whether they are more than recently introduced forms. COLEOPTERA 179 it has, I believe, been stated that the insects of islands Hy either better or worse (in many cases not at all) than those of continents. The former of these alternatives can scarcely be true as regards the Hawaiian Carabidae. Several of the species that have powers of flight have so limited a distribution within their haunts that it is clear they avail themselves of their wings very little ; Colpocaccus. one of the winged genera, is more numerous in individuals than most of the other Anchomenides, but it is a feeble form, and doubtless — like most other beetles — drifts rather than flies. 1 do not think that the factors that have induced loss of wings in Hawaiian Carabidae are at all well expressed by Darwin's formula. I look on the loss of wings as induced probably by changes of habit becoming correlative with modes of growth ' : and though the results may be effected to some extent by disuse, I think they have been mainly controlled by changes in habits, in instinct, and in physiological processes resulting from those prior modifications, and again inducing changes in the correlation of various parts of the body. Whether selection has played any part in the matter is clearly uncertain. Vestigial wings. It is commonly supposed and frequently stated that flightless or wingless beetles are apterous. This is a complete mistake, nearly the whole of the species called apterous really possess four wings ; the anterior pair being transformed into elytra and the posterior pair reduced to appendages of varying size and form according to species, genus, etc. That these appendages are vestiges of organs that were formerly larger and then functionally useful is, for a variety of reasons that cannot here be discussed, probably true in a majority of cases if not in all. At the same time this does not prevent it from being also true that they may in some cases be rudiments as well as vestiges ; in the sense that they may become again increased after having underpfone reduction. These vesticrial organs have been examined bv me in the Hawaiian Carabidae to a certain extent, and I have made use of them for the purpose of establishing genera. I have invariably treated a species in which the wings are capable of being used for flight as of a different genus from one in which they are useless for this purpose. A functional wing is, in Carabidae, in the condition of repose twice folded ; once by being bent (not doubled, but turned as if hinged) just proximal to the stigma on the costa, and again quite near to the tip. The functionless wings, or vestiges, are never thus folded even when they are of their largest size ; their nervura- tion is very much reduced, and the apical part of the wing — that part beyond the stigma — is in Hawaiian flightless forms completely absent. There is in fact a great gap structurally between the functional and the functionless wing. On the other hand the functionless — or vestigial — wing differs greatly according to species, as will be seen by reference to our plates. Although great interest attaches to these vestigial wings of Coleoptera they have been very litde studied, and I think therefore it will be worth w^hile for me to set forth ' The bionomical notes at the conclusion of this memoir are of special interest in connection with this subject. i8o FAUNA HAU'AIIENSIS what I have observed about our Hawaiian forms. As the results differ in the case of the three groups, I will take them separately. Group Anchomenides. A fair standard of comparison as to the size of the wings can be found in this group by comparing the length of the wing with that of the elytron. Most of the Hawaiian winged genera of this group have the wings about the usual size, the length of the wing being about i^ that of the elytron. In Baryneiis sharpi the measurement gives wing 15 mm., elytron 9^ mm. Although no data have, so far as I am aware, been published previously on the subject, this is I believe about the same relation as is usual outside the islands ; I find that in our well-known European Anchovienus paniiupjinctatus, the lengths are wing 6| mm., elytron \\ mm. The Hawaiian genera Colpocaccus, Mysticomeims, and Colpodiscus, as well as Bnryneus, have similar relative measurements. In the genus Chalcomemis the dimension of the wing is distinctly reduced, it being in C. molokaiensis 7 mm. to 5i for the elytron. In the aberrant C. costatus (from Kauai) the reduction of the wing is strongly marked, as is evident from inspection of PI. VI. fig. 22. Measurement here gives wing 5f , elytra 4| mm. The wing is in this case however perfectly well developed, all the nervures being present and strong. There is no connecting link between this and the numerous forms of vestigial wings. The.se vary much in size according to the species, as may be seen by a glance at the plate ; the transverse folding is completely absent, and the nervuration is very incomplete ; the apical portion of the wing has in fact completely disappeared. The vestiges differ to some e.xtent in shape, and a little in nervuration ; the stigma, or large chitinous spot on the costa, can frequently be detected just at the tip of the vestige, and differs a little in position. The vestige is large in Barypristus in- cendiarms and also in Aptcromestis vmatlatus : in the former measurement gives about, wing 6\, elytron \o\\ and in Aptcromcsus, wing 2, elytron 4. The vestiges are extremely reduced in the most remarkable of the Hawaiian Anchomenides, being in Dcropristiis about \ mm. long, while the elytron is 5f mm. In any single species of Anchomenid the vestiges vary but little so far as I have observed. In testing this I have had assistance from Miss Alice Embleton. Upwards of fifty e.\amples of one species have been examined, the method being as follows. The vestiges not being visible in the ordinary condition of the insect with closed elytra, 38 examples of these were selected ; the chosen being those that differed most in size and shape : one elytron and one vestigial wing (those of the right-hand side) were taken off each specimen and fastened with gum on ruled millimetre paper, specimen and appendages side by side. In addition to the examples measured and tabulated by Miss Embleton, I myself dealt with fifteen or sixteen others. In all upwards of fifty specimens of Barypristus rupicola were dealt with. It is scarcely necessary to give the measurements of all the individuals, it is sufficient to say that the elytra were found to vary in length about 27 mm., the longest being i r2, the shortest 8'5. The vestiges COLEOPTERA iSi varied about i mm. in length, the longest being about 3'5, the smallest about 2-5 mm. Thus the vestiges in absolute variation varied much less than the elytra, but in proportion to their sizes the variation of the vestiges was somewhat the greater. I have not made any other extensive special examination of these Anchomenid wings, but I have seen nothing to lead me to suppose that they are variable to any considerable extent ; and I incline to believe that what is true of the variation of Barypristits riipicola applies to most of the other species. It amounts to this, that the vestiges are not very variable ; and that if, where they are still fairly large, they are to be looked on as in process of diminishing, then the diminution is effected by factors that affect all the individuals of a species in an approximately similar manner'. Group Pterostichides. Our 78 species of this group are all I believe flightless. I have examined those species that from their shape and contour gave a suggestion that they might be winged, but I have found none that were so. Mecyclothoj-ax aniaroidcs is a robust, broad-shouldered form, and I thought would certainly have good wings. On the contrary they are completely vestigial. The vestiges are apparently but little varied ; I have noticed that usually they are about as long as the metanotum ; in M. ■niontivagus they are about J the length of the metanotum. The phenomena in this group appear to be considerably different from those we find in the Anchomenides, the species being all flightless, and the vestigial wings but little varied. Group Bembidiides. In this group the two genera Nesolyvmacwn and Beinbidimn with five species, are winged. The other forms are doubtless all flightless, and many of them, judging from their general appearance, are probably in the most advanced con- dition of wing-degeneration. We have obtained but a small number of specimens in this group, so that of only two species have I had any material for examining the wing- variation. These are Bonbidiuvi inolokaiense and Nesocidiiim laeticiiiuvi. In discussing them I shall narrate my observations and need not repeat them here. It is sufficient to say that during my examination of the Kauai examples that I supposed to belong to the flightless A^esociditim I discovered two individuals I had assigned to it to be fully winged. I am unable to distinguish them by any other character, and though I have at present treated them as distinct (and as a variety of Beinbidiiun inolokaiense) I cannot but think that if further investigation were made of this species in Kauai we should find some interesting facts. I anticipate that we should discover that the flightless Nesocidiitni laeticjiliiin sometimes occurs with full)' developed wings (and is then according to the present system Benibiduun inolokaiense van). If so the \-arietal formula would be something of this sort, viz. this species of creature usuall)- has only ' Casey examined vestigial wings oi Blapstinus and found them but little variable (Ann. New York Ac. vi. 1S92). It has been stated that certain European Carabus fly in certain localities, though the wings are atrophied elsewhere. This is contradicted by Lomnicki, who states that Carabus is always flightless, and that the vestigial wings are in most species constant in size ; but that in one or two species they are dimorphic, being of two grades of development. My own observations lead me to believe that Lomnicki's statements are probably correct. Zool. Anz. 1S98, p. 352. l82 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS small vestigial wings ; but specimens occur in which the vestiges are larger, though functionless, and also other individuals in which the wings are of full size and functionally fit ; the discontinuity of the variation being in this case very remarkable. It will thus be seen that my observations, admittedly of a very imperfect character, tend to show that probably the phenomena of wing-variation are different in each of the three groups that make up the Carabidous fauna of Hawaii. Chaetotaxy. This subject has become of an importance that is still increasing in several orders of Insects. From the chitinous skeleton there stand out hairs that in some cases penetrate the chitin and are connected with a special nerve, thus forming a simple but effective set of sense-organs. The description of the ways in which these hairs are arranged is called chaetota.xy. In Carabidae those on the head have been found to be of great importance for classification. The great sub-family Harpalini — possessing probably 100,000 species — is characterised by the possession of two intra- orbital setae on each side. All our Hawaiian Carabidae belong to this sub-family. The setae on the thorax I consider to be also of considerable importance in the three groups to which the Hawaiian Carabidae belong. Their number is, normally, two on each side, one at or near the hind angle, the other a little before the middle. This condition is varied by the absence of one or of both of the setae in certain genera or subgenera'. Outside the Hawaiian islands this normal condition of a pair of thoracic setae on each side seems to be extremely usual in the two groups Anchomenides and Bembidiides, and it is the condition existing in the only extra- Hawaiian genus — Cyclo- f/iorax— that is allied to the Hawaiian Pterostichides. Just as we found the Hawaiian Carabidae to be remarkably subject to degeneration of the wings, so do we find them to be remarkable for the diminished number or total absence of these thoracic setae. The cephalic setae remain constant in their number in Hawaii, but of the 208 species no less than 146 have a diminished number of setae, as shown in the following Table of the thoracic setae of Hawaiian Carabidae. N.ime of genus 2 pairs of setae I pair of setae ; basal I pair of setae ; median No setae No. of species No. of species No. of species No. of species Anchomenides. Blackhurtiia I Derupristus Atrachxoieiiiis 3 I 2 Aiichntcffl.us Pwudobroscus I 2 Dcrohrosciis 3 Brosconymus Anchonymus I I Systematists are not yet agreed as to the taxonomic value of these thoracic setae. In some divisions of Carabidae they are but of little importance ; but in the three groups with which we are occupied I am con- vinced that they are of generic value. There are also a few cases that detract from the importance of the intra-orbital setae. COLEOPTERA i8- Name of genus 3 pairs of setae I pair of setae ; basal r pair of setae ; median No setae No. of species No. of species No. of species No. of species Mauna I Disenochus 13 Chakomenus 3 barypristus 2 Baryiiciis I Colpodiscits 2 Frodiseiiochus I Apleromesus I Mystiiomenus 2 Colpocaccus 6 Atelothrus 15 Alesothriscus 14 Flatymis 2 Mecostivnus I Mccomenus I Aletromeniis 26 Pterostichides Mecyclothorax 3° Thriscrithorax 29 Atelolhorax I Metrothorax 15 Be.mbidiides Gnntholymnacum I Nesolymiiaeum I Bembidium 4 Nesocidium ID Atelidiiim I Metrocidium 2 Nesoviicrops I Macranillus I Number of species 57 44 44 S6 This table shows that about 28 per cent, of the species of Hawaiian Carabidae have the thoracic setae normal, the other 72 per cent, suffering reduction : the number that have suffered total loss of the setae being about as great as that in which the structures remain normal. The three groups are considerably different ; only nine per cent, of the Anchomenides remain normal, while about 39 per cent, have totally lost the setae. In Bembidiides only three out of 21 species have any diminution of the setae. Very little is known statistically as to Coleopterous chaetotaxy, and it will of course be long before statistics dealing with the whole order can be obtained. Even as to the Carabidae we must wait long for adequate information, but as I have at different times dealt with Carabidae from various other parts of the world I can say that I believe that nowhere else have the beetles of the corresponding groups anything approaching to similar statistics. \\ e have not in Britain a single member of these three groups that F. H. III. 24 1 84 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS has undergone total loss of thoracic setae, and but very few that have lost even one of the pairs. I have made use of the characters of prothoracic chaetotaxy for the purposes of arranging the species in genera. As I have examined about 6500 individuals and as this is the first time that these structures have been used to any great extent for taxo- nomical purposes 1 shall be pardoned for discussing this subject at some length. These setae are very easily removed by rough handling, and specimens in collections are often deprived of them. Each seta springs however from a pit extending to some depth in the chitin and this always remains. When such a pit exists we are justified in treating the specimen as one that had a seta there^. The pits are however rendered obscure in certain cases by both artificial and natural causes. Sometimes they are filled up by dirt — and this dirt may be either extraneous, or an excretion from the insect itself. The natural punctuation, or sculpture, of the surface is sometimes of a nature that makes it difficult to perceive the pit. In some cases, too, a decision as to the existence of the pit is rendered difficult by its situation ; it may be on the side of a raised margin, and this may prevent the light from falling on it. With a little care and experience all these difficulties disappear. There are however facts that to some extent invalidate the utility of this character. In some cases the pit and seta are present on one side of the thorax and not on the other. This however occurs but rarely. A similar anomaly occurs in some details of the nervuration of the wings of other insects, but it is found not to seriously affect the value of the character for ta.xonomic purposes, for it is believed that the anomaly only occurs on both sides as a very rare exception. This is certainly the case as regards the pit and seta. I have borne this in mind and am convinced that only in two or three cases is it probable that the complete anomaly occurs. These I shall subsequently mention as they are of extreme interest. When, in the Hawaiian Carabidae, the pit and seta are present on one side only, the individual may be safely treated as one of a species in which the seta is present. This departure from bilateral symmetry is in fact a deficiency ; it is not a sport, by excess, of a species having no seta". It is recorded that in certain cases a seta may be in duplicate ; that is to say, instead of there being one pit and one seta in a certain situation, there are two in close proximity. I have only observed one such anomaly in our Hawaiian Carabidae ; it occurs in a specimen of Thriscothorax undus, one individual of which has the setae doubled on one side of the thorax. Under these circumstances I have found it safe to rely on the seta for discriminative purposes. In the cases of Mccyclothorax robustiis and Atrachycnemis sharpi I have acted This may not be absolutely true, as will be seen by my subsequent remarks as to Atelothnts fransiens. This, again, may not be absolutely true; cf. what is said as to Mdromeniis pavidus, and Mesothrisais inincatus. COLEOPTERA 185 inconsistently. I have placed in Atrachycncmis A. sharpi with setae, though the other two species of the genus have none. But in the case of the Mecyclothorax I have separated specimens generically, solely on account of a difference in the setae. My reasons for this discrepancy are as follows. In Atrachycncmis the setae are extremely reduced in size, all of the setae of the body being very small and feeble : moreover in this division of the Hawaiian Carabidae the setae appear to be of less importance than they are elsewhere, they being, I suggest, rendered functionally useless by the exudation with which such genera as Blackbttrnia, Atrachycneviis and Anchotejflus are so frequently covered. On the other hand the Cyclothorax forms have the setae of the body well developed, and their presence or absence appears not to be affected by any considerations such as those I have alluded to as existing in the case of Atrachycneniis. The problem as to whether Mecyclothorax robtisttts and Thriscothorax rolmstiis (differing almost solely by their setae) may be really only dimorphic forms of one species, is not the least interesting of the questions raised by my slight study of the Hawaiian Carabidae, and as the insects are apparently not rare on Haleakala it may be possible to decide it by obser- vation of the forms in their haunts. I have alluded to it when speaking of those species. A most interesting condition is present in Atelotlirus transiens. In that species the pit is present but the seta that should grow out of it is usually absent. We have received fifty examples of this species, and in only one of them is the seta present ; it is then on one side only, but it is of normal size. This is a highly interesting variation. Taken in connection with the fact that the setae in Hawaiian Carabidae are so much below the average it induces one to suggest that this is a case in which the structure is at present actually in the process of specific atrophy. The case of Metronietms pavidus and Mesotliriscus truncatus already alluded to is much more obscure. Among 240 examples of the former species — which is one having no thoracic setae — I found three examples that have a seta. It is medianly placed, and I have described them as a separate form, Mcsothrisciis triiucatiis. If this should prove to be a sport of Metromeiius pai'idns it may be considered a case of atavistic reversion ; the species formerly had setae ; has lost them ; and yet examples are occasionalh' produced having the setae. One more point may be mentioned ; there are in the Hawaiian fauna a certain number of Anchomenids that depart considerably from the average of their fellows. They are more elongate in shape, with longer legs, and are also of a paler colour than is usual in other forms, Plate VI. fig. 10. In accordance with my system these forms come into three genera, Atelotlirzts, Mesothrisczis and Mctronicuits. I was at first inclined to the opinion that the separation of these similar forms was a result that invalidated the system. On comparing these forms--of which there are some eight or ten — it appeared, however, that none of those that I considered different on account of the setae could be correctly associated as one species even if the setae were altogether left out of consideration ; and I therefore look on these long-legged forms as instances ot convergence. They are all very rare, and are, as it were, being brought together 24 — 2 1 86 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS from different origins by some agencies we do not understand. Should these examples — as we suppose many other Hawaiian Carabidae have done — lose their setae, it would then be a difficult matter to distinguish the species, and many entomologists would declare them all to be one. Had I not adopted the condition of the wings and the thoracic setae as a basis for genera our Hawaiian Carabidae would have appeared as members of only three or four genera. The other structural characters I have used for discrimination are extremely slight. This should be borne in mind, as the picture thus presented of three distinct groups, each consisting of a considerable number of closely allied forms, is fairly correct. There are one or two points of a general nature that may be noticed. The Hawaiian Carabidae are as a whole considerably below the average in stature ; the largest form — Barypristtis incendiarhis — is scarcely so large as our Pristonychus terricola ; and small forms predominate. The Bembidiids are on the average smaller than our European forms, and there is not a single instance of a form that is large for the group to which it belongs. Fine colours and elegant shapes are extremely rare, but there are examples of remarkable sculpture. The fore-feet of the male are much less developed than usual. Their dilatation is so slight that it can generally scarcely be detected. The Bembidiids form to some extent an exception to this ; but this group is one in which this character is everywhere inconspicuous. Variation. That the Hawaiian Carabidae are variable is quite certain. To what extent they are variable in compari.son with their analogues in other faunas is however a very difficult question. There are certain reasons that incline one to estimate too highly the variability of Hawaiian forms. In studying European beetles we have all sorts of books to help us, and these have been so drawn up as to put on one side the variable characters and draw our attention to those that are comparatively stable. In the Hawaiian fauna this is not yet the case. We have to look at everything, and unless one has a long series, it is very difficult to form an opinion as to the stability of the characters observed. After making allowance for this, and for the various isolated forms that are easily distinguished on one or two specimens, I think that as a whole the Hawaiian Carabidae are really more variable than the European. There are many very variable species in Europe — protean they are frequently called — but I think the proportion of these is greater in Hawaii than in Europe. Some Hawaiian species are but little variable so far as extant evidence goes. The two species of Deropristns, D. pjnicticeps and D. deroderns, vary but little if I may judge from the lOO examples I have seen. Metromemis pavidus, of which I have seen 240 specimens, shows but little variation. But it must be recollected that our specimens come from but few localities, and the variation might be greater if the area of the distribution were more thoroughly scrutinised. Whether there is anything in Hawaiian species to corre- spond to the geographical variation one finds in European forms ; or whether that geographical variation has become accentuated, so as to form species, by the separation COLEOPTERA 187 of the area into islands between which there is but httle communication, it would be very difficult to say. But I have an impression that this is the case. The forms I have placed in Colpocaccns are well-winged, and they are more nearly allied than most of the other forms I have admitted as species, so that it would perhaps have been better to treat one or two of them as subspecies. I incline to think that this inferior differentiation may possibly be due to the greater frequency with which individuals of Colpocaccns pass from one island to another. The numerous flightless forms can in most cases be rarely, if ever, transmitted from one island to another. Careful inquiry may possibly show that the flying forms are represented by subspecies in different islands, and the flightless forms by distinct species. But on these points there is no adequate evidence. Distribution. All the Hawaiian Carabidae are precinctive with the exception of one species that is probably not native. Three or four others may possibly be found elsewhere. There is nothing whatever to indicate any particular region as that from which they were derived. Platymis and Benibidiuni are the two genera that Hawaii has in common with other parts of the world, and both of them are nearly cosmopolitan. The species of the Cyclothorax division (Pterostichides) are very closely allied to the two or three species that constitute the genus Cyclofkorax. These are found in Australia and New Zealand. But in those countries only two or three of these forms are known, whereas in Hawaii we have about 80. It would therefore be quite as reasonable to infer that the Antipodean forms have been derived from the Hawaiian as to assume the opposite proposition to be true. Distribution within the islands. We may summarise this by saying that nearly the whole of the species are confined to a single island. When a species occurs on more than one island it is nearly always the case that the localities of its occurrence are on i.slands that are adjacent, such as Maui and Molokai. Table. Showing the genera and their distribution in the islands, and the number of species in each island. Kauai Oahu Molokai Lanai Maui Hawaii Anchomenides Blacklntrnia I Deropristiis I I I Atrachycneniis I 2 * Pseudohruscus I Derobruscus 3 Brosconymus I Anchonymus I * Since the remark on p. 195 was printed I have ascertained that the habitat of Atrachycnemis koeheki is W. Maui, not Hawaii. 1 88 FA UNA HA WAIIENSIS Kauai Oahu Molokai Lanai Maui Hawaii Anchotefflus I I Maiina I Disenochus 5 3 4 Chalcomenus I I I Ba7-ypristi(S I I Baty/ieiis I Colpodiscus 2 [ Porodisenochus I Apteromesus I Mystico/nenus 2 Colpocaccus 2 I I I I 2 Ate lot /mis I 2 2 9 I Mesothriscus 5 2 4 I 3 I Platymis I I Mecostomiis I Mecomemis 2 Mctromenus 3 17 5 I I I Pterostichides Mccydothorax 6 21 4 Thriscothorax 3 8 2 12 6 Ate loth or ax I Metrothorax I 4 7 3 Bemeidiides Gnatholymnaeum I Nesolynviaeum I I Bemlndiiiiii t ^ 2 2 3 I Nesocidiinii 5 2 I 2 Atelidium I Metrocidiiim 2 Nesomicrops I Macranilhis I Tachys ' 4 Leeiides Plochionus. I Saninxcliiuni I 34 44 40 7 80 21 This census shews : — Kauai 34, Oahu 44, Molokai 40, Lanai 7, Maui 80, Hawaii 2 1, species. The most remarkable features are the richness of Maui and, in strong contrast, the poverty of the great island of Hawaii. Further researches will no doubt result in considerable modification of these figures. They are probably in part due to unequal collecting and to other circumstances that are not really connected with the natural distribution of the species. The wealth of Maui and its neighbour island Molokai is very extraordinary; and COLEOPTERA 189 is most marked in the Pterostichides ; these two islands possessing 59 out of a total of 78 species. The island of Kauai is rich in Anchomenides and Bembidiides, but possesses no Pterostichides. Oahu is the metropolis of the extensive genus Metromenus and has 17 of the 26 species thereof. Hawaii is poor in all the groups, least so in Pterostichides, of which it has 13 species. If this table be studied with the map it seems to indicate that the movement of species has been on the whole from North to South. This is best shown in the Pterostichides and Bembidiides. From the metropolis — Maui and Molokai — of the former group, 4 species are found northwards in Oahu, but none have reached Kauai ; on the other hand 13 species are found southwards in poverty-stricken (so far as Carabidae are concerned) Hawaii. Kauai is the metropolis of Bembidiides, and it seems probable that as species of this group are found in all the islands to the south (except Lanai), that most of them have been derived from Kauai. The Kauai species of Anchomenides are as a rule remarkably distinct ; and it is not unreasonable to infer that — notwithstanding its superior age as a theatre for entomological action — it has been comparatively free from immigration from the other islands, though not infrequently sending emigrants to them. Before passing to the enumeration of the species it is right to say that I think this collection of Hawaiian Carabidae is far from being a complete one. No Carabidae were known to live in the Hawaiian islands until about twenty-five years ago. The Rev. T. Blackburn, during his residence in the islands, at that time discovered and described no less than 60 species. The laborious exertion and great perseverance of Mr Perkins have increased the number to 210. When I recall the fact that large parts of the islands are entomologically still terrae incognitae, and also that Mr Perkins collected, in the localities he visited, not only all the Orders of insects, but likewise birds, molluscs, spiders, etc., I am warranted in saying that I think the Hawaiian Carabidae may prove to include about twice the number of forms here catalogued. The nature of the collection confirms this view, there being many forms represented by only one, two, or three specimens. Hawaiian Carabidae are extremely subject to the attacks of Laboulbeniaceae, a form of Cryptogam that flourishes on chitin. This is carried to such an extent that some of the specimens are perfect gardens of these curious fungi. Some three or four years ago Professor Roland Thaxter visited Europe for the purpose of his phytological work on this group. On his attention being called to the collection of Hawaiian Carabidae formed by the Sandwich Islands Committee, he examined it in detail, and took away many specimens of the parasites. He has since published descriptions of some of them, and as he left a ticket attached to each beetle from which he took specimens of the parasites, I have added to my paper the numbers written on his tickets. The species of in.sect on which the Laboulbeniaceous parasite lived can thus be identified, as Professor Thaxter published these same figures in connection with his descriptions. I90 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS § 2. Systematic account of the Coleoptera Caraboidea. The Caraboidea, or Adephaga, as they are often called, are easily recognised by the five-jointed tarsi, the rather long, slender antennae not thickened at the tip ; by the highly developed mouth-parts, mandibles large, outer lobe of maxilla divided, and by the structure of the under-surface of the abdomen, which has five segments visible along the middle and six at each side. In Hawaii there are two families. 1. Carabidae ; terrestrial beetles, with all the legs formed for running, and the antennae delicately pubescent and setose. 2. Dytiscidae ; water-beetles, with the hind legs transformed to swimming organs, the antennae quite bare. Fam. CARABIDAE. Subfam. HARPALINI. Two setae on the inner margin of the orbit, one of them just behind the eye, but varying as to proximity according to the size of the eye. The four groups may be dis- tinguished as follows : Elytra cut off in nearly a straight line behind ; claws (in the two Hawaiian genera) serrate beneath Lebiides. Elytra not cut off behind ; the tips are either coadapted with the body behind (Pterostichides, Bembidiides), or more or less flat and sinuate (Anchomenides). Claws simple. Last joint of palpus minute, appearing as a small appendage of the penultimate joint, PI. VII. fig. 25 Bembidiides. Last joint of palpi large. Side margin of elytra near the tip distorted, PI. VI. fig. 12 Pterostichides. Side margin of elytra simple Anckometiides. The Bembidiides and Pterostichides are nearly all smaller than the Anchomenides. Group ANCHOMENIDES. Division i. Hind tarsi not sculptured. (For Div. 2 vide p. 213.) This includes seventeen genera. The tarsi are always evenly convex above, without any grooves or impressions. [It should be noticed that in some members of Division 2 the tarsi are only very obscurely grooved.] The following key will facilitate the determination of these forms. Wingless forms, with remarkable sculpture, so that the large pits on the eighth stria near the extremity can scarcely be detected. Blackbuniia, Deropristus, Atrachyaianis, Anchoteffliis. COLEOPTERA 191 Wingless forms, without a definite thoracic margin, sculpture normal. Pseudobroscus, Derobroscus, Broscoiiymiis. Thorax margined ; sculpture normal, not deep pits. iChakomenus, metasternum short | 4th joint of hind tarsus Wings fully \Baryneus, metasternum elongate / not bilobed. developed j Co/podisciis, a basal thoracic seta | 4th joint of tarsus \Mysticomenus, no thoracic seta / bilobed. IAnchottvmus, tarsi not lobed ) , .,.,,, no thoracic seta. Apteromesus, tarsi bilobed ) Mainia \ DisenocJiHs \ i l^^sal thoracic seta. BarypristHS ' Prodisenochus 2 thoracic setae. Blackburnia Sharp. Blackburnia Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. (1878) p. i 79 and op. cit. xx. (1884) p. 217. This genus must be considered as among those that have a single pronotal seta on each side, thousfh the incrustation of the surface leads to the concealment or destruction of the seta, and the rough sculpture makes it difficult to detect the point of insertion. This is the most deeply .sculptured of the Hawaiian Anchomenids, but the surface is always covered with an incrustation by which the sculpture is concealed. The thoracic setae are destroyed in all the individuals before me except one : the point of insertion is on the upturned edge, close to the hind angle. (i) Blackburnia uisignis. Sharp. Blackburnia insignis Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 179, and Tr. Dublin Soc. n. s. III. PL IV. fig. 4. Although the dilatation of the front tarsi of the male is so slight as almost to be imperceptible, and although the two rows of sexual hairs on their underside are not visible, yet this sex may be distinguished from the female by there being only one seta on each side of the middle of the last ventral plate instead of two, as is the case in the female. Hab. Oahu : Waianae mountains 2500 ft., July (Blackburn); February (Perkins). Van kaalensis, var. nov. Elytra only were found of this form ; the sculpture is not so extreme, the interstices being less raised and the foveae not so deep and not so definitely separated. Hab. Oahu: Kaala mountains, 3000 ft., March 1893 (Perkins). Y. H. III. 25 192 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Deropristus, gen. nov. Thorax marginatus, ad angulum posteriorem seta erecta munitus. Alis perminutis. Elytra grosse sculpturata, ad basin in medio haud marginata. Abdomen suturis perprofundis. The species of this genus differ markedly from Blackkirnia by the shape of the base of the elytra. The legs and antennae are moderately elongate. The males have the sexual clothing of the front feet similar to that of most of the other Hawaiian allied genera. Although very different in appearance from Atrachycncvtis, Deropristus appears to be really allied thereto. The different shape and sculpture and the longer legs, palpi and antennae, and the extraordinarily deep ventral sutures are the only characters I find to distinguish it. The vestigial wings are in these forms reduced to their extreme, being scarcely '5 mm. long. (i) Deropristus hlaptoides, Blackb. Blackburnia blaptoides Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. .xv. p. 157. This is a very distinct species of large size, massive build, with the foveae of the elytra very large and crowded. It is known only by a single specimen. Hab. Oahu : Konahuanui, 1500 feet ; under a stone (Blackburn). (2) Deropristus pi0icticeps, sp. nov. Piceus, nitidus, capite thoraceque profunde punctatis, hoc basin versus evidenter angustato, margine laterali prope angulos posteriores fortiter elevata; elytris nitidis, sulcatis, sulcis numerose punctatis, interstitiis subconvexis. Long. 1 1 mm. Plate VI. fig. I, specimen with right elytron and vestigial wing extended. Readily distinguished from the following species {D. deroderus) by the broader thorax, the sides of which stand up more behind, as well as by several characters of structure. The coarse sculpture of the thorax is deep but not dense, and is irregular, the interstices between the punctures varying much in their extent ; the seta is placed on the lateral margin, some considerable distance (^ mm.) in front of the angle. The deep foveae in the grooves of the elytra are very numerous, there being 37 on the sutural groove. A small series. Hab. Molokai. In the mountains below the densest forest, 4000 ft. May and June, 1894 (Perkins, Nos. 189, 589, 592, 594). (3) Deropristus deroderus, sp. nov. Piceus, sat nitidus ; capite thoraceque grosse, profunde punctatis, hoc basin versus minus angustato, margine laterali parum elevata ; elytris sulcatis, sulcis numerose foveo- latis, interstitiis angustis, vix elevatis. Long. 9^10 mm. COLEOPTERA 193 Although at first sight extremely similar to D. pitncticeps this is really very distinct ; the side-margin of the thorax is but little elevated, even at the hind angles, the thorax is as broad behind as it is in front, and the anterior angles are not in the least prominent, the last ventral plate is transversely wrinkled, and the punctures, or foveolae, of the upper surface are larger. In addition to these characters the species is perfectly dis- tinguished by the considerably shorter palpi, and the rather shorter legs. The dilatation of the male front tarsi is very slight though distinct, and the sexual hairs on the under surface are very evident. There is in the male only one puncture on each side of the middle of the last ventral plate : in the female there are two. A fine series of over fifty specimens was procured by Mr Perkins, and exhibits little variation. Hab. Maui: Haleakala 4 — 5000ft., in March, April and October (Perkins, Nos. 356, 370. 382, 636. 661, 680). Atrachvcnemis Blackburn. Atrachycncinis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 120; Sharp, op. cit. xx. 1884, p. 2 1 8. Though the species for which this genus was founded was assigned both by Blackburn and Karsch to the sub-family Harpalidae there is now no doubt that it is an Anchomenid. I have examined the structure of the elytral margins, and find that they make no approach whatever to the Pterostichid structure ; the tips of the elytra are closely adapted to the body, which is unusual in Anchomenides, but that is all. The mandibles are very thick, and so much bent down at the tip as to be almost hooked. The insects of the genus are amongst the rarest of the Hawaiian Coleoptera. The three species are excessively similar, and yet, if I am not deceived, differ by the fact that one of them has a thoracic seta, while in the other two it is absent. They cover them- selves with an exudation somewhat similar to that of Blackbitrnia (though of insignificant extent compared to the e.xtraordinary coating of the latter genus), and it may be that this peculiarity prevents the proper development of the seta. All the setae are very small and fine, at the best, in Atrachycnojiis. In these two genera the presence or absence of the seta seems to be a much less important criterion than it is in the other Hawaiian Carabidae. Notwithstanding the comparatively well developed shoulders the wing vestiges are very minute, as in Dcropristus. (i) Atrachycncniis sharpi Blackburn. Atrachycneniis sharpi Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 120. Anisodactylus cuneatns Karsch, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr. xxv. p. 3, pi. i. fig. 4. Plate VI. fig. 3. This species may be distinguished from the other two b}- the more sharply marked hind angles of the thorax, as well as by the presence of a seta just in front of the angle 194 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS and by the denser and more rugose sculpture. Apparently however it varies somewhat both in the sculpture and in the form of the thorax. The sensitive seta, or its orifice of insertion, is however present in all the specimens before me. The male and female are extremely similar, but the former sex has, as usual, only one seta on each side of the middle of the hind margin of the last ventral plate ; and the sexual clothing on the under surface of the scarcely dilated front tarsus is present. Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Finsch, Perkins). Haleakala, 4 — 5000 ft., February to May and in October. Very rare. (Perkins, Nos. 112, 413, 582, 597, 610, 680). Found at Olinda both by Herr Otto Finsch and Mr Perkins, (2) Atracliyciicmis pcrkinsi, sp. nov. Niger, opacus, antennis pedibusque piceo-rufis ; thorace angulis posterioribus obtusis, sculptura subobsoleta ; elytris striatis, striis vel impressionibus angustis elongatis vel foveolis parvis munitis, interstitiis vix convexis. Long. 7 mm., lat. elytrorum 3 mm. Thorax distinctly narrower behind than in front, the hind angles slightly obtuse, the lateral margin fine, in front very fine ; the sculpture is somewhat coarse, but very shallow, as if effaced. The elytra have rather fine striae which are here and there interrupted longitudinally, or are furnished with comparatively indistinct foveoles. The surface is very dull. Hab. Molokai : 4000 ft. June 1896. (Perkins.) (3) Atrachycnemis koebelei, sp. nov. Minus latus, niger opacus, antennis rufis, pedibus piceo-rufis ; thorace angulis posterioribus obtusis, disco crebre punctato, sed baud transversim rugoso ; elytris sat profunde striatis, interstitiis convexis, striis impressionibus elongatis angustis, et foveolis parvis munitis. Long. 6^ mm., lat. 2^ mm. This is narrower than A. perkinsi, and so far as I may judge from a single specimen, has a more regular punctuation than either of the other species ; the im- pressions on the striae of the elytra are much smaller than they are in A. sharp! and are similar to one another. The head is narrower than it is in the other two species, it is dull and bears no punctures except those occupied by the sense-setae. The thorax is almost destitute of sinuation at the sides behind, the hind angles are distinctly obtuse and there is no sense-seta. The punctuation of the under-surface is very much reduced in comparison with that of ^. s/iarpi. Described from a single, male, specimen for which I am indebted to Mr A. Koebele, the State entomologist of the Hawaiian Islands. Hab. Hawaii. (A. Koebele.) COLEOPTERA 195 It is not quite certain that this locality is correct. Some of Mr Koebele's speci- mens were labelled " Hawaii " in the sense of the Archipelago. I should think it probable that this species is really from Oahu. Anchotefflus, gen. nov. Alae minutae. Thorax marginatus, absque seta erecta. Elytra sculptura profunda, regulari ; ad basin modice conspicue marginata. Abdomen suturis tantum modice profundis. Type A. gracilis. Proposed for two species that are extremely rare, and apparently not closely related to any other Hawaiian forms. The two species are very different in appearance. They have no resemblance to Dcrobroscns and Broscoiiyimts which also are destitute of a thoracic seta, but apparently are nearer to Dcropristus in which a seta is present at the posterior angles. The internal portion of the basal margin of the elytra is not very definite, especially in A. gracilis. The ventral sutures (of ^. gracilis) are normal. As in Blackbtirnia and Dcropristiis, the coarse deep sculpture seems to replace the large depressions that are seen on the 8th stria of other forms. The four genera Blackbnrnia, Deroprisiits, Atrachycucmis, and Anchoteffljts are difficult to distinguish by good characters, though they are very different in facies. Atrachycneiuis can be separated by its short legs (Plate VI. fig. 3). Dcropristus (Plate VI. fig. i) has the elytra quite unmargined at the base. In Anchotefflus (Plate VI. fig. 4) and Blackhurnia the elytra are margined at the base; the former has no thoracic setae. The latter normally has, but they are usually removed. In that case the genus may be recognised by the quite extraordinary sculpture, though this again is usually covered up by an exudation. (i) Anchotefflus gracilis, sp. nov. Angustus, niger, antennis pedibusque piceis vel rufis ; prothorace angusto, basin versus angustiore, angulis posterioribus obtusis, circa margines punctato ; elytris humeris carentibus, sulcatis, sulcis fortiter punctatis. Long. 9 mm. Plate VI. fig. 4. Antennae and legs long and slender. Head narrow, shining, without punctures, eyes prominent, very distant from the thorax. Thorax much narrower than the elytra, lateral margin normal, behind strongly raised, front angles not at all prominent, hind ancdes very obtuse ; near the margins there are coarse punctures and the disc is slightly wrinkled. Elytra narrow, ovate, at the base the outline slopes inwards in a very gradual manner, the inner portion of the basal margin rather indefinite : the grooves are broad and regular, with narrow, strongly raised interstices ; in the grooves there are rather large and deep punctures. The under-surface is very shining, except that the last 196 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS ventral segment is dull ; there are a few punctures on the flanks of the prothorax, but none elsewhere. Four specimens, all females. Three of them are old specimens much worn and broken, the fourth is very immature and shrivelled. Hab. Oahu : Kawailoa gulch near the head of the left (or south) branch ; from rocks in the stream, April 1893 (Perkins). (2) Anchotcjflus elegans, sp. nov. Piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque dilute rufis ; capite vertice subobsolete punc- tato ; thorace subquadrato, angulis posterioribus perobtusis, dense fortiterque punctato ; elytris sulcatis, sulcis fortiter crenato-punctatis, interstitiis elevatis aequalibus. Long. 8^ mm. Head shining, eyes prominent, vertex with numerous subobsolete punctures on each side, in the middle the punctures less numerous and distinct. Thorax much narrower than the elytra, a little narrowed behind, hind angles obtuse, front angles slightly prominent, rounded ; the surface with remarkably coarse, close punctuation. Elytra shining, each with eight or nine deep grooves extending quite from base to apex, the grooves are strongly punctured with incomplete punctures, and the interstices — differing little from one another — are rather narrow and strongly elevated ; the inner portion of the basal margin is indistinct. Under-surface shining, with some large punctures about the sides, abdomen impunctate, the first ventral segment obliterated, the others only moderately deep. Hab. Kauai : on the high plateau, August 1896 (Perkins). P.SEUi)OBKOSCUs, gen. nov. Corpus convexuni, elytrorum humeris fere nullis ; prothorax angustus, immargin- atus, ad angulum posteriorem seta erecta munitus ; elytra margine basali fere nulla ; tarsi posteriores minus graciles, supra glabri. This genus is readily distinguished from all except Derobroscus by the unmargined edges of the thorax. From Dcrobrosnts it is distinguished by the presence of a thoracic sense-seta, and by the robust build and comparatively thick tarsi. In general ap- pearance it resembles Manna, which however has margined sides to the prothorax. (i) Pseudobroscus leiitiis, sp. nov. Piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis ; convexiusculus, sat nitidus ; prothorace basin versus angustato impunctato, utrinque intra angulum posteriorem impression COLEOPTERA 197 profunda, ante hanc seta erecta munito ; elytris regulariter, profunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. 9 — 10 mm. Plate VI. fig. 5. Head narrowed immediately behind the eyes ; bearing no punctures except those furnished with the erect setae. Thora.x without any raised margins except just at the hirid angles, the front angles not in the least prominent, much narrower than the elytra, much rounded at the sides, and a good deal narrowed behind ; the hind angles very obtuse ; just within each of them a rather deep depression, and just in front of this a large puncture bearing a seta ; the disc sometimes transversely wrinkled. Elytra narrow at the shoulders which are entirely indistinct ; the rather deep striae are con- tinued quite to the base, where traces of a basal margin exist ; the sculpture is very regular on them, it consists of rather deep striae which are crenate rather than punctured. The under-surface without punctures. Hab. Maui: Haleakala 10,000 ft., April 1894. Very rare (Perkins). Derobroscus, gen. nov. Corpus angustum, elytrorum humeris nullis ; prothorax angustus, immarginatus, absque setis erectis ; elytra margine basali subobsoleta. The species for which this genus is established, have a brilliant metallic colour on the upper surface. The narrow form is very remarkable,- and in addition to the absence of a prothoracic seta, renders the members of the genus unmistakable. (i) Derobroscus micaiis, sp. nov. Angustus, supra viridescens, nitidus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis ; pro- thorace impunctato, utrinque ad angulum posteriorem fere in-impresso ; elytris obsolete striatis, in disco seriebus foveolarum parvarum ornatis. Long. 8, lat. 2^ mm. Plate VH. fig. I. Thorax narrow, rounded at the sides and greatly narrowed behind, the angles depressed and in no way prominent, the margins absent, except that the basal one exists for a short distance on each side ; the surface is slightly wrinkled transversely and at the hind angles there is a very obscure depression bearing two or three punctures which however are more or less indistinct, so that, without careful looking, neither impres- sions nor punctures catch the eye. The elytra are very narrow, the shoulders altogether indistinct ; the elytra are not really striate, but bear series of moderately large foveoles, which in some lights appear to be connected so as to give rise to an appearance of striation. The sculpture is much more obsolete at the apex and sides. The under- surface is black shining and polished, the first ventral suture extremely indistinct. The difference between $ and % is extremely slight, except as to the setae of the last ventral plate. 198 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS It may be mentioned that the shrivelled, immature example does not exhibit the foveae on the elytra. Hab. Oahu : Waianae mountains, lee-side, 2,000 ft., Feb. 1896, three specimens, two ^, one %\ an extremely immature example from the same locality, April 1892 (Perkins). (2) Derobroscns politits, sp. nov. Angustus, capite thoraceque politis, elytris viridi-auratis ; nitidus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis ; prothorace impunctato, utrinque ad angulum posteriorem im- presso-punctato ; elytris in disco seriebus foveolarum profundarum munitis. Long. 8, lat. 2f mm. Doubtfully distinct from D. micans, but with longer legs and antennae, with larger impressions on the elytra, and the shoulders not quite so obsolete. The colour of the elytra, if constant, would easily distinguish the two forms without an actual comparison of individuals of the two. Hab. Oahu: Lanihuli ridge near Honolulu, 3,000 ft, 27th Oct. 1S92 (Perkins, No. 42). One pair {Z and %) "from leaves of trees." (3) Derobrosc7is solitariits, sp. nov. Angustus, capite thoraceque politis, viridi-micantibus, elytris auratis, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis ; prothorace impunctato, utrinque impressione parva munito ; elytris seriebus foveolarum munitis. Long. 8, lat. 2f mm. Doubtfully distinct from the two preceding species, this unique example agrees with neither ; it is of a more beautiful colour, and in general form agrees with D. politus ; it has however the thorax rather longer and narrower behind, and bearing a small fovea at each hind-angle, and the foveoles on the elytra are not so large. Hab. Oahu : Halemano, about 3,000 ft., under bark. Deer. 1892 (Perkins). One female. Brosconymus, gen. nov. Corpus angustum, elytrorum humeris nullis ; prothorax angustus, lateribus obsolete marginatis, margine perparum elevata, absque setis erectis ; elytra margine basali sub- obsoleta. Except for the fact that the thorax has the lateral margin distinct, the species has quite the appearance and characters of Derobroscus. There are a few species of Disenockus in which the prothoracic margins are more delicate than usual (Z?. agilis etc.). Brosconymus is not however allied to these ; the thoracic margin in it is not strictl)' fine, but is due rather to an impressed line marking it off, than to its own elevation. ( I ) Broscouyvi2is optatus, sp. nov. Angustus, capite thoraceque politis, vix viridi-micantibus, elytris auratis; nitidus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis ; prothorace impunctato, utrinque ad angulum COLEOPTERA 199 posteriorem impresso ; elytris in disco seriebus foveolarum mediocriter profundarum munitis. Long. S, lat. 2f mm. This resembles Derob7'oscus solitaruts almost exactly ; the thorax is however slightly shorter and scarcely so narrow behind, and the foveolae of the elytra are not quite so well developed. Hae. Oahu : Halemano, under bark of Koa tree, January i S93, two male specimens (Perkins). Prof. Thaxter found Laboulheniaceae on one of these and labelled it No. 12 15. Anchonymu.s, gen. nov. Facies generis Aiichonicui. Alae minutae. Thora.x marginatus absque seta erecta. Elytris simpliciter striatis, margine basali arguta. Abdominis suturis haud profundis. The Insect for which this genus is proposed resembles the Anchomenoid forms of Discnoclms, so that it may readily be mistaken for D. fractns ; it is distinguished there- from by the absence of a thoracic seta. From Aiichotefflns it differs in the delicate simple sculpture ot the elytra. It is of metallic colour, and makes a first approach to the specialisation that has become so marked in Brosconyimis. Discnochus fnxctus and Anchonynms agimoidcs make a distinct lead from an ordinary Agonuvi to the two remarkable Hawaiian genera Dcrobt'oscus and Brosconymus, and warrant us in supposing, without too great a stretch of the imagination, that these two aberrant genera may have arisen within the islands from ordinary forms of Anchomenides, such as are to be found in many parts of the world. It is, too, worthy of note that the two "leads" have some approximation in habits to the two forms that are highly specialised both in habits and sculpture. (i) Anchonyimis agonoidcs, sp. nov. Niger, nitidus, gracilis, subdepressus, elytris laete viridibus, antennis palpis pedi- busque ruhs his interdum picescentibus ; elytris regulariter striatis, interstitiis latis, planis. Long. 10 mm. Plate VI. fig. S. This is readily distinguished from D. fractits. and most of the other Hawaiian allies, by the simple and regular striation of the elytra ; the outer striae consist of series of fine, elongate punctures. The thorax is narrow, with the hind angles very obtuse ; there is very little punctuation on the basal part. About fifty examples. There is not much variation in this series of specimens, but it is in the direction of D. fractus, so that the two forms approach rather closely, though the extremes are very distinct. Hab. jNIaui: Haleakala, about 5000 ft., April 1894, under bark of Acacia (No. 250), nearly 50 specimens. One specimen in Oct. 1896 (No. 680). This species is very much attacked by Laboulheniaceae ; Prof. Thaxter took speci- mens under the number 1229. F. H. III. 26 200 FAUNA HAWAIIEXSIS Mauna Blackburn. Mauna Blackb., Ent. JMo. Mag. xxi. p. 25. So far as I can find, the unique species of this genus is distinguished from some of the Disenochus only by the slightly deeper ventral sutures, and by the peculiar form of the thorax, which is small and subovate. The species might be placed in Disenochus without making that genus much more heterogeneous than it is at present. ( I ) Mauna frigida, Blackburn. Blackburnia frigida Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 157. Manna frigida id., op. cit. xxi. 1884, p. 25. Plate VI. fig. 9. There is a little variation in the large series of this species, but nothing remarkable. A specimen searched for Laboulbeniaceae is labelled No. 1221 by Prof. Thaxter. Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Perkins): a single specimen only was found by Mr Black- burn, at an elevation of about 10,000 ft. : Mr Perkins procured a good many specimens about the crater of the great mountain, and also met with it at an elevation of 5 — 6000 ft., February, May, October (Nos, 374, 602, 612, 655, Perkins). Disenochus Blackburn. DisenocJms Blackburn, Ent. Mo, Mag. xv. 1S78, p. 121 [nee Sharp, op. cit. xx. p. 218]. To the species for which this genus was originally established I now add several others, making it by far the most comprehensive genus of this division of Hawaiian Ancho- menids. It is noteworthy that, although the facies shows so much variety that some of the forms look more like Pterostichini while others have the typical Anchomenoid appear- ance, I can yet find nothing but slight structural distinctions between the forms that are most different in appearance. The characters distinctive of the genus are as follows. Wings reduced to mere vestiges about the length of the metanotum. Thorax margined ; one seta on each side near the hind angle. Elytra with definite basal margin. Ventral sutures only moderately deep. Sculpture not extraordinarily coarse, though in D. micantipennis it is peculiar. Tarsi with the fourth joint not bilobed. The size does not exceed 10 mm. The first five species are all excessively rare, so that I have not seen sufticient material to make me feel certain as to the forms being truly distinct species. Species such as D. fractus may be considered as central forms for this first division of Hawaiian Anchomenids. I shall mention under Mysticomenus the fact that that genus appears central for the whole tribe. Those who think that Hawaiian Anchomenids COLEOPTERA 201 are probably derived from a single form should imagine a transition froi.n Mysticomenus to Anckonymus agonoides. We have no such transition existing. BaTyndHs and Bary- pristus, which would answer such a purpose in several respects, appear to ha ve only an indirect relationship with either of the two forms. (i) Disenochus anontalus Blackburn. Disenochus anomahis Blackburn, 1. c. Distinguished from the allied species by the more ovate elytra, in conjunction with a narrower head and thorax, and by the striae of the elytra being less deep and much obliterated at the base, sides and apex. Hab. Maui : Haleakala, 5000 ft., March 1894, under logs in the forest, two speci- mens (Perkins). Haleakala, 5000 ft., February 1S78 (Blackburn). (2) Disenochus brevipes, sp. nov. Niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis ; robustus, capite lato, thorace transverse, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, elytris subovatis, sat profunde striatis, striis omnibus integris, minus fortiter punctatis. Long. 10 mm. Head large, with large impressions between the eyes, mandibles thick. Thorax broader than long, rounded at the sides and narrowed behind, front angles not at all prominent, surface impunctate, depressed near the obtuse hind angles. Elytra large, shoulders rounded, the sides but little sloped : rather deeply striate, and with the striae distinctly punctured ; the interstices near the suture and base a little convex. Hae. Molokai (Perkins): 4500 ft., two specimens 15th and 18th June 1893; one specimen at the same elevation in Sept. or Oct., all females. A fourth specimen, of the male sex, found in the same locality iSth June 1893, is rather smaller and narrower. An Acariis or two were attached to one of the specimens. (3) Disenochus cephalotes, sp. nov. Niger, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus rufo-piceis ; robustus, capite lato, thorace baud transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, elytris subovatis, sat profunde striatis, striis omnibus integris. Long. 9^ mm. \'ery near to D. brevipes, but with a rather narrower thorax, and less deeply striate elytra, the striae not punctured. Hab. Maui (Perkins): West Maui mountains, 4000 ft., April 1894, one pair (J?). 26 — 2 202 FAUNA HAUAIIENSIS (4) Disenochus Jlavilarsis, sp. nov. Niger-rimus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis tarsis dilute rufis ; capite magno, thorace ^haud transverse, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris minus^ late subovatis, profunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. 9 mm. Readily distinguished from the preceding species by the darker colour, rather more slender form, and more pronounced elytral sculpture. The only two specimens found are male and female and are extremely similar; the female has the head slightly broader, which seems to be the case also in the other species of this group. Hab. Molokai (Perkins): $, 4000 ft., vi. 96 ; ? Kalae, August 1893. (5) Disenochus agilis, sp. nov. Nigerrimus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis tarsis rufis ; capite sat lato, thorace baud transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris vix subovatis, profunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. 9 mm. This species has the elytra less ovate than any of the preceding ; it has also the thorax rather longer and narrower than D. flavitarsis and less rounded at the sides. It has therefore not quite the facies of the preceding members of the group, though in ail structural characters it appears to be quite similar ; the longitudinal impression on the middle of the base of the abdomen is particularly well marked. Only two individuals have been found. They are both males. Hab. Maui (Perkins): one " Haleakala, 4500 ft., 28. in. 1894"; the second, " Haleakala, 5000 ft., i. iv. 1894." (6) Disenochus curtipes, sp. nov. Piceus, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis ; capite magno, thorace transverso, basin versus fortiter angustato, lateribus vix rotundatis, versus angulos posteriores basinque subobsolete punctato ; elytris profunde striatis, striis omnium obsoletissime crenatis, interstitiis subinaequalibus. Long. 6 mm. This peculiar little insect is not allied to any other species ; the head is large, the eyes prominent, though small ; the hind angles of the thorax are very obtuse, the surface near them largely depressed, so that the lateral margin appears a good deal elevated behind. The strongly elevated striae have the alternate interstices a little more elevated ; this is best seen by looking at the third and fifth close to the basal margin. Two male, one female, specimens. In shape and proportions this much resembles Atrachycnemis sharpi, but differs much therefrom in sculpture and the very definite basal margin to the elytra. Hab. Kauai (Perkins) : 4000 ft., mountains above Waimea May 1894: October 1895 ; July 1S96. COLEOPTERA 203 (7) Disciiochus afcrrinms. sp. no v. Niger, antennis palpis tarsisque rufis ; thorace transverso, basin versus leniter angustato, angulis posterioribus indistinctis ; elytris suboblongis, profunde striatis, striis externis punctatis, internis plerumque impunctatis. Long. 10, lat. 3 mm. Plate VI. fig. 6. Thorax rather large, gently rounded at the sides, without posterior angles, the lateral margin but little more strongly elevated behind ; impunctate, basal impressions indistinct. Elytra rather narrow, elongate and parallel-sided, deeply and regularly striate ; the external striae, at least, are distinctly punctured, and sometimes all the striae are. The legs are long, pitchy black, the tarsi red. This species varies a good deal as regards the depth ol the elytral striae and their punctuation. So far as I can judge, the variation is partly connected with locality. The more deeply sculptured forms approximate a little to D. crythropns. Additional remarks on the variation are given below. This species is extremely subject to the attacks of Laboulbeniaceae, some of the individuals bearing many specimens of these parasitic plants. Specimens taken from D. atc?-}-iiiiiis were numbered i 2 1 8 by Prof. Roland Thaxter. Hab. Kauai (Perkins) : Halemanu in May, Koholuamano in April, Makaweli in January and February ; the high plateau in August. The species was also met with in October. We have a series of 91 examples of this species, and I have submitted them to a slight examination as to their variation. The method adopted was to divide them first roughly into three groups, viz. ( i ) a form I have called typical, the characters of which are that the form is rather slender, the black colour very deep, and the inner striae ot the elytra not perceptibly punctured : (2) specimens I have called variant, as they depart more or less distinctly from (i) in the direction of (3) : (3) van a, specimens of large size, broad form, with the thorax rather broader and more narrow behind, the legs not so black, and the striae of the elytra comparatively strongly punctured. All the specimens were then compared with the three selected exponents and each specimen treated as belonging to one of the three groups in accordance with which one of the types it most resembled. The extremes of (i) and (3) look so different that 1 thought they might possibly be two species, but I am quite convinced that this is not the case. I give below the numbers found in each locality so far as our labelling and records of locality permit this to be determined. Koholuamano, iv. 95, without any number, i typ., 2 variant ; Halemanu, v. 95, i without number, var. a ; Koholuamano, iv. 95, No. 505, 2 variant : Koholuamano, 16. iv. 95, No. 508, i var. a ; Halemanu, 4000 ft., v. 95, No. 514, i var. a ; Koholuamano, 15. iv. 95, No. 516, S typ., i var. a; Koholuamano, 13. iv. 95, No. 517, typ. 4, variant 9; Koholuamano, iv. 95, No. 519, i variant; Koholuamano, iv. 95, No. 519, I variant; Koholuamano, iv. 95, No. 527, i variant; Koholuamano, 13. iv. 204 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS 95, No. 529, I variant; Kauai, 4000 ft, x. 95, without any number, 3 variant; Kauai, high plateau, viii. 96, No. 631, i van a; Makaweli, 2500 ft., 11. 97, No. 668, 11 var. a; Kauai, 4000 ft., viii. 96, No. 676, typ. 13, variant 16, var. 34; Kauai, high plateau, VIII. 96, No. 682, I typ.; Mts. Waimea, Kauai, 4000 ft., vi. 1894, without any number, 8 var. a, but this lot is, as var. a, aberrant, showing the characters of the variety in a variable manner, one very large specimen, for instance, having the striae but little punctured. So far as it can be permitted to form an opinion from such an imperfect record, it would appear that there is considerable segregation of the forms. It is only under No. 676 that we find the forms indiscriminately mixed, and that number represents a month's collecting presumably in different localities of Kauai, so that no importance can be attached to it. This examination shows that, for the study of variation, detailed records separating each day's work of the collector are desirable. I may also mention that var. a — the extreme form in one direction — is much more variable than the extreme form in the other direction ; no doubt it was this that led me to call the latter the typical form, as I did before I had made any analysis as to the variation and its segregation. (S) Diseiioclms crythropjis, sp. nov. Niger, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis ; prothorace basin versus fortiter angustato, elytris profunde striatis, striis omnibus fortiter punctatis. Long. 9- — 10 mm., lat. 3:1: mm. This species is very highly polished, and is remarkable on account of the very regular and conspicuous sculpture of the elytra. The antennae are long and slender. The thorax is much narrower than the elytra, rounded at the sides and much narrov/ed behind, the position of the obtuse hind angle distinct, the surface very shining, with a rather deep depression near the hind angle. The elytra are broad, with deep, punctate striae, that are similar both at the sides and suture though the punctuation is absent from the apical portion, the interstices are broad ; there is no sinuation of the sides near the tip. Sixteen specimens. Hab. Kauai (Perkins): Koholuamano, 4000 ft., in August and October. (9) Disenochus sulcipennis, sp. nov. Piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque dilute rufis ; thorace transverso, basin versus fortiter angustato, basi punctata ; elytris profunde striatis, striis baud punctatis, sed subtiliter crenatis, interstitiis subangulatis. Long. 8 — 9 mm. The sculpture of the elytra is rather peculiar in this species ; there are deep striae, COLEOPTERA 205 the sides of which slant so that, looked at in some directions, the striae seem broad and the interstices narrow, whereas in other light the reverse relations appear to exist. The thorax is short, very strongly narrowed behind, the side margin strongly elevated behind, the base punctate, deeply impressed near each hind angle. The abdomen longitudinally impressed at the base in the middle. About 30 specimens. The species apparently varies but little. Hab. Kauai (Perkins): Makaweli, 2000 — 2500ft., in January and February, Mts. Waimea and Halemanu, 4000 ft.. May. (10) Diseiioc/tus fracfus, sp. nov. Niger, nitidus, elytris viridi- vel aeneo-micantibus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceo-rufis ; thorace ad basin et angulos posteriores subtiliter rugoso-punctato ; elytris oblongo-ovatis, profunde punctato-striatis, striis hie inde plus minusve interruptis. Long. 10 mm. Var. a. Paulo latior et robustior, supra aeneo-micans, thorace latiore, basin versus fortiter angustato, elytris magis ovatis. A rather elongate and slender insect. Thorax a good deal narrower than the elytra, much rounded at the sides, and distinctly narrower at the basal than at the front angles ; a large depression at the obtuse posterior angles, these depressions rugose- punctate, the surface a little in front of them and between them also rather indistinctly punctate. The elytra are deeply sculptured in a rather peculiar fashion, appearing in some cases to possess series of punctures two or three or more of which are joined to form portions of a stria, in other cases the striae are less interrupted : the outer striae or series of punctures are always strongly marked, and the impressions on the eighth stria are always large, even if vague. About 50 specimens. The species varies in the direction of the variety diagnosed above, a good many specimens partaking more or less of the characters alluded to ; one or two specimens approximate to Aiwlionyinus agonoides, and can scarcely be distinguished therefrom except by the presence of the thoracic seta, and a slightly deeper, more interrupted striation of the elytra. Hab. Maui (Perkins): Haleakala, most of the specimens in Oct. 1896, 4000 — 5000 ft. (Nos. 661, 6S0) ; a few specimens were also met with in April and May (Nos. 250, 597, 618, 620, 622). Specimens of Laboulbeniaceae were taken from this species by Prof. Thaxter as No. 1222. (11) Discnochus loigipes, sp. nov. Elongatus, angustus, nigro-piceus, antennis palpis pedibusque sordide rufis ; haud nitidus ; prothorace ad basin et angulos posteriores rugoso-punctato ; elytris oblongo- ovatis, profunde punctato-striatis. Long. 10 mm. 2o6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Closely allied to D. fractus, but distinguished by the dull surface, the want of metallic colour, and by the remarkably narrow, elongate thorax ; the striae of the elytra are deeper and broader, and the punctures in them larger. One male specimen. Hab. Molokai (Perkins): 4000ft., 8. vi. 1S93. (12) Disenochus micantipennis, sp. nov. Piceus, capite nigro, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; thorace dense rugoso- punctato ; elytris inaequalibus, striatis, striis minus argute sculpturatis, interstitiis 5°, 7°- que costato-elevatis, spatio inter suturam et interstitium quintum longitudinaliter depresso, interstitiis 2°, 3°, 4° deplanatis, micantibus. Long. 7^ — 8^ mm. A very peculiar species having no near ally. Head shining black, impunctate, vertex more or less distinctly depressed in the middle. Thorax uneven, densely and coarsely sculptured, much narrowed behind, base a good deal rounded, hind angles distinct, slightly turned up. Elytra piceous, with the margins and apex more or less dilute, acuminate behind, the sculpture very peculiar, the interstices near the suture flat and with a glassy appearance, the post-humeral interstices more or less costate, the external grooves coarsely punctate. Under-surface piceous, becoming more dilute posteriorly so as to be flavescent behind. A good series of about 90 specimens has been secured. They do not show much variation. H.A.B. Kauai (Perkins); Mts. Waimea, 4000 ft., in April and May 1S94 ; Koho- luamano, 4000 ft., April and May 1895. Chalcomenus, gen. nov. Alae magnae, tantum parte apicali subobsolescente (Plate \T. fig. 22). Prothorax marginatus, ad angulum posteriorem seta erecta munitus. Tarsi posteriores filiformes articulo penultimo nullo modo bilobato. This I distinguish from Discnocluis on account of the large wings, of which only the apical portion is notably reduced in size. Colpodisciis has the hind tarsi strongly bilobed, Mysticomenus has no prothoracic seta. The shoulders of the after-body are better developed than they are in Disenochus, but the metasternum is but little longer. (i) Chalcomenus corruscus, Er. Anchometius corruscus Erichson, Acta Ac. German. 1834, xvi. Supp. p. 223. Niger, nitidus, supra aeneus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis, his femoribus (geniculis exceptis) fuscis, antennis extrorsum obscurioribus ; prothorace angusto, basi recta, lateribus sinuatis, angulis posterioribus discretis, obtuse rectis, ad angulos posteriores COLEOPTERA 207 impresso et punctato ; elytris profunde striatis, striis internis fere omnino impunctatis, externis, praesertim basin versus, fortius punctatis. Long. 8 — 9 mm. There can be no doubt that this is Erichson's species. It varies in colour, old specimens having the brassy surface tarnished, and more or less black. The species has more the facies of European forms than have most of the other Hawaiian Ancho- menides. About twenty specimens have been found. Hai;. Oahu (Erichson, Perkins): Kaala mountains, 2000 ft., in Dec. 1892; near Nuuanu Pali, Nov. 1892, one specimen. (2) Chalcoiuemis iiiolokaiciisis, sp. nov. Niger, nitidus, supra aeneus, antennis fuscis, basi tibiisque testaceis ; prothorace sat lato, transverso, basi subrotundata, angulis posterioribus minus discretis, perobtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis ad basin punctatis. Long. 8^ — 10 mm. Very closely allied to C. coj'i'usciis, but distinguishable in all the individuals by the rather different prothora.x. The width in comparison to the length is fully as much as five to four ; in correlation with this the base is a little more rounded and the sides less sinuate behind, so that the hind angles are more indistinct and obtuse. There are other slight but variable distinctions, although the character mentioned is the only one that justifies the distinction of the two forms. Hab. Molokai : 3000 ft., 12. v. 1893 (Perkins). About fiftj- specimens. (3) Chalconiemts costatits, sp. nov. Niger, supra vi.\ nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis, elytris vi.\ subaenes- centibus ; prothorace rugoso, angulis posterioribus fere rectis paululum obtusis ; elytris irregulariter sculpturatis, subsulcatis, sulcis punctis magnis, saepius obsoletis, munitis, interstitiis quibusdam costatis. Long. 8 — 9^ mm. Plate VL fig. 22, wing. This distinct species is very readily recognised, the peculiar dull surface of the elytra, with some of the interstices elevated so as to be angular in cross section while the depressed portions bear a coarse obsolete sculpture, being characteristic. It is apparently sometimes found in company with D. niicantipemiis, and has .several points in common therewith, but D. micaiitipennis may be distinguished at once by the flat and glass-like surface of the second, third and fourth interstices. In C. costatus these interstices are dull and the third is elevated and forms a costa. There is not much variation in the large series of examples, though in some of them the sculpture is more irregular than it is in others. Hab. Kauai (Perkins): Mts. Waimea, 4000 ft.. May and June, 1894 (Nos. 25S, 262, 265, 267, 271); Koholuamano, in April (Nos. 508, 516, 519, 527, 529); Kauai, 4000 ft., Oct. 1895 (No. 551); Kauai, high plateau, 4000 ft., many specimens, August and October, 1896. F. a. lit. 27 2o8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Barvpristus Sharp. Barypvistus Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. p. 217. We may now, after separation of B. s/iarpi, add to the characters of this genus ; metasternum short ; wings vestigial, being small and not adapted for flight, though always longer than the metanotum. This is the most important of the genera of this division of the Hawaiian Anchomenids, in which the wings exist in such a state as to lead us to suppose that they may formerly have been larger and functionally perfect. In most of the other genera the wings are either reduced to small vestiges or are so large as to enable flight to be executed. The three genera, Afauna, Diseuockus and Barypristiis, have very similar characters, so that it is difficult to distinguish them by a definition. Barypristiis has however a totally different shape and appearance from the other two ; the individuals are much larger, and the vestigial wings are longer than the metanotum. There is no form intermediate. (i) Barypvistus riipicola, Blackburn. Anchomemis rupicola Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 122. Plate VI. fig. 23, varieties of vestigial wings. Mr Perkins met with this species about half-way up the mountain in April and May, and procured a good series about the crater of Haleakala in October. It never occurs in the forest, but is found under stones outside. It varies a good deal in size, and a little in the width of the thorax. I have seen about 200 specimens. Hab. Maui : Haleakala, 4 — 10,000 ft. (Blackburn, Perkins). (2) Barypristus incendiarius, Blkn. Anchomenus incendiarius Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. p. 105. Plate VI. fig. 7, % individual: fig. 21, vestigial wing. This is the largest Hawaiian Carabid and appears to be very rare. It occurs under the bark of Koa and oviposits in the chinks of the bark. Although closely allied to B. rupicola, the species is certainly distinct. It is rather larger, has the elytra a little straighter at the sides and more acuminate at the tip, and slightly more deeply striate. The front angles of the thorax are more broadly rounded. The vestigial wings are 6 mm. long, whereas in B. rupicola they are usually less than 3 mm. and surpass that dimension only to a slight extent even in the largest examples. Hab. Hawaii (Blackburn, Perkins) : Mauna Loa, 4000 ft. (Blackburn) ; Kilauea in August (Perkins). COLEOPTERA Baryneus, sfen. nov 209 Alae magnae, perfecte explicatae, metasternum elongatum. Tarsi posteriores articulo quarto haud bilobato. Elytra striata, nullo inodo rugosa. This genus is established for Barypristns sJiarpi, Blackburn. It has the wings of maximum size, and the metasternum correspondingly elongate, while the general shape and build is that of a winged Anchomenid. From Colpodiscus it is separated by the unlobed fourth tarsal joint (Plate VI. fig. 15). The other characters are those of Bai-ypristiis. The thoracic margin is largely developed and there is a conspicuous seta on the lateral margin, the hind angles being completely rounded. The sculpture of the elytra is entirely destitute of peculiarity, the impressions on the ninth interstice are small and numerous, and the basal margin well developed. Colpodes viacroptcinis Chaud. from New Zealand is in appearance similar to Baryneus, but has sculptured tarsi and two thoracic setae on each side, as is usual in Anchomenides. (i) Baryneus s/iarpi, Blackburn. Aiichotnenits sharpi Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. p. 122. Barypristns s/iarpi \d., Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) iii. 1885, p. 213. ? Colpodes octoccllatns Karsch, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr. xxv. 1881, p. 3, pi. i. fig. 3. Plate VI. fig. 2, individual with elytron and wing expanded. This is very distinct from Barypristus incendmrius on account of its shorter thorax and more slender legs. It is intensely black in colour. The wings are perfectly developed and are 16 mm. long, and 6 mm. broad in a specimen the elytra of which are 9^ mm. long. Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Perkins): Haleakala, 3 — 5000ft. A small series was found by Mr Perkins in April and May, 1894. The habits are the same as those of Barypristns incendiarius in Hawaii. Colpodiscus Sharp. Colpodiscns'S)\\2LX^, Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. p. 217. Anchoniemis Incipctens Blackb. may be taken as the type of this genus. The second species I reluctantly associated with it has the tarsi grooved, and belongs therefore to a different division of the Anchomenides according to the system 1 have here adopted (cf. Co/pocaccus). The ample wings, the strongly lobed foot (Plate VI. fig. 16), and the single thoracic seta, make this a very easily recognised genus. 27 — 2 2IO FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (i) Colpodiscus iiicipetens Blackburn. Anchoniemis lucipetens Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. p. 217. Colpodiscus lucipetens Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. 1884, p. 217; Tr. Dublin Soc. n. s. III., pi. IV. fig. 3. Plate VI. fig. 16, a and h upper and under surfaces of hind foot. A good series has been found of this very distinct species. It varies but little. The four specimens from West Maui found by Brother M. Newell and Mr Perkins have the head rather darker in colour than any of the numerous specimens from Hawaii, though there is some variety in this respect amongst the individuals from the last-named locality. A good many of the specimens seem to be infested by Laboulbeniaceae, especially on the under surface. Prof. Thaxter took specimens under the number i 2 1 7. Hab. Hawaii (Blackburn, Perkins). — Maui (Perkins, Newell). Olaa, in June and September, Kilauea in August. West Maui, Jao Valley, in September. (2) Colpodiscus lahainensis, sp. nov. Subdepressus, niger, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis, prothorace ad latera dilute piceo ; elytris elongatis, striatis, striis nullo modo punctatis. Long. 1 5:^ mm. Very different from C. lucipetens by the elongate form, dark colour, and more oblong afterbody. It has more resemblance to Baryneus sharpi, from which it is strongly different on account of the large lobes of the fourth tarsal joint. Thorax not transverse, straight at the base, sides much raised, the intermarginal depression broad, even in front ; without any punctuation. Elytra long, with nine striae bearing no trace of punctures, the inner striae fine but very definite, the seventh stria slighter, obsolete in front. Described from two very immature examples, so that the full coloration is somewhat uncertain. But the species is very distinct from any other, and is certainly congeneric with C. lucipetens. Hab. Maui (Perkins): West Maui, Jao Valley, August, 1894. Prodisenochus, gen. nov. Disenochus Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. (1884), p. 218; nee Blackburn, op. cit. xv. (1878), p. 121. The genus Disenochus was proposed by Blackburn for D. anonialus ; subsequently he added D. terebratus as a second species ; and it was on a specimen of the latter — ■ I having never seen the typical species — that my remarks on the generic characters were based. The two genera are by no means closely allied. Prodisenochus is the only COLEOPTERA 211 genus of this division of the Hawaiian Anchomenides that has two setae on each side of the prothorax. It is also remarkable on account of the three or four large foveae close to the lateral margin of the elytron. These foveae are somewhat irregular in size and number. On the inner face of the elytra they appear as transparent spaces surrounded, each one, by a black ring. ( I ) Prodisenochns tcrebratus Blackb. Disenochus terebratus Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. p. 227. Promecoderus fossulatus Karsch, Berlin. Ent. Zeitschr. xxv. (1881), p. 4, pi. 1. tig. 5. This is one of the rarest of the Hawaiian Carabidae. It has very little of the appearance of an Anchomenid, and it is scarcely a matter for surprise that Karsch should have located it in another tribe. The species varies a good deal in the sculpture of the elytra. It may be known by the peculiar fossae at the sides of the elytra, and by the two thoracic setae. It is shining, intense black in colour of the body, the elytra have the peculiar broken striation, characteristic of several forms of Hawaiian Carabidae, they are not at all sinuate or truncate at the apex, the wing rudiments are small, but extend to the hind margin of the metanotum. Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Finsch, Perkins): Haleakala, about 4000ft., in February and April. Ai'TEROMESUS, gen. nov. Alae parvae sed hand omnino obsoletae : prothorax absque setis erectis ; tarsi articulo quarto bilobato, subtus piloso. 1 establish this genus for an extremely interesting form in which the wings are present, and of considerable size though merely useless vestiges. In this respect it resembles Barypristns, though totally different in appearance therefrom. It is nearest to Mysticomeiuis, from which it is distinguished by the vestigial wings and by the shorter metasternum. It has the peculiar coloration of MystiiOiucmts, but is very different in sculpture, the striae of the elytra having nearly disappeared to give place to shallow grooves, the interstices of which are slightly elevated along the middle. The vestigial wings (Plate VI. fig. 20) have not the same form as those of the genus Barypristtis, being comparatively longer and narrower, nearly half as long as the wing-cases, with a strong thick costa, and also a thick subcostal nervure, without any chitinisation of the tip of the wing. This genus has to a considerable extent the appearance of a Mctronicnns, and was at first supposed by me to belong to our second division of Anchomenides. (i) Apteronn'sns uiaat/ahis, sp. nov. Testaceus, parum convexus, capite fuscescente, elytris irregulariter fusco-variegatis ; his subsulcatis, interstitiis minus alte angulariter elevatis. Long. 5^ — 6^ mm. Plate \T. ficr. 20, vestigial wingf. 2 12 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS This cannot be confounded with any other form, as it possesses the pecuHar coloration of the elytra found in the genus Mysticomemis, and in addition to this has the fourth tarsal joint bilobed as in Metroniewiis pahnae ; to these peculiarities it adds another, namely, the angular elevation of the interstices found in some other species of Kauai Carabidae. The antennae and legs are pale yellow. The thorax is short, trans- verse, narrowed behind, with the hind angles completely rounded. The elytra are nearly rounded at the tips, only slightly sinuate ; they have a somewhat irregular surface, and the middle of each interstice is slightly raised so as to give rise to a faint appearance of angularity in a transverse section. The maculation is very irregular, indeed it is not alike in the two wing-cases of an individual. The tarsi are short and grooves on them entirely absent. We have received a series of about 60 specimens of this species. It does not vary much except in the markings of the elytra, and that the disc of the thorax is fuscescent in a variable degree. Hab. Kauai : 4000 ft. on several occasions (Perkins). MvsTicoMENUS, gen. nov. Corpus subdepressum, thorax marginatus, setis erectis carens. Alae perfecte explicatae. Elytra ad basin argute marginata, ad apicem leviter sinuata. Tarsi articulo quarto bilobato, subtus densissime piloso. Palpi labiales breves. The two species of this genus are very remarkable on account of the coloration of their elytra ; this consists of a very irregular mixture of yellow and dark marks, the marks not being the same on any two specimens or on the two elytra of the same individual. In M. tibialis the yellow colour is more extensive than the dark colour, in M. viysticns the reverse is the case. Mysticonicnns is a very isolated genus. It resembles Metroinemis in general appearance, but the tarsi have no trace of grooves, and the large lobes of their fourth joint are densely clothed with fine hair beneath, as in Colpodiscus. Those who may think that the Hawaiian Anchomenides have probably been derived from a single form introduced into the islands long ago might find this original ancestor in some form like Mysticomemis. (i) Mysticomemis tibialis, sp. nov. Subdepressus, haud nitidus, flavescens, elytris irregulariter fusco-signatis, subobsolete striatis. Long. 6^ mm. Mas, tibiis intermediis et posterioribus sinuatis. Head broad, eyes prominent, placed near the thorax. Thorax broader than long, slightly narrowed behind, not much rounded at the sides, rather fiat, impunctate. Elytra broad, very slightly striate. Legs pale yellow. COLEOPTERA 213 The smaller extent of the dark pigment on the elytra readily distinguishes this from the following species. Hab. Oahu (Perkins); Waianae mounts. 2000 ft., February 1S96. A small series. (2) Mysficoiiieiuis i/iys/iats, Blackb. Colpodes inysticus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, P- ^M- JMetrovicmis >iiysticits Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. n. s. iii. pi. iv. fig. 2. Hab. Oahu (Blackburn): Waianae mountains, 2000ft., July. "Very local, but not rare." I have seen only two specimens. Division 2. Hind tarsi more or less distinctly grooved (Plate VI. fig. 13). The grooving of the tarsi is in all the Hawaiian forms obscure, and in some of them it requires a very rigorous examination for its detection. Nevertheless, it makes a fairly satisfactory division of the Anchomenides. In many exotic forms the sculpture of the tarsi becomes very perfect and remarkable. Possibly it may be a character that has become diminished in the Hawaiian islands. In that case it is quite likely that Mysticomenus and Apteromcsns of Division i are forms that formerly possessed the grooves but have now lost them. Their general facies is that of members of Division 2, and if they be excepted, this character — slight as it is in Hawaii — makes a perfectly natural division of the Hawaiian Anchomenides. The character is easiest seen on the outer aspect of the basal joint of the hind tarsus, and in some cases it can only be detected there, and in the form of a slight longitudinal impression near the base of the joint. The genera are easily tabulated as follows : Fully winged Colpocaccus. Unwinged, Mandibles somewhat elongate, Mecoiiieinis, Alcxosiomits. I no thoracic seta Metronunus. I thoracic seta, near hind angle Ateluthriis. Mandibles short ' , . . . ,,, ,, ., . i I thoracic seta, near middle Mesotnnsciis. \2 thoracic setae, i near hind angle, 1 near middle Flaiynus. Colpocaccus, gen. nov. Dysco/us, part, Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 143. ColpodiscHS, part. Sharp, op. cit. xx. 1884, p. 217. Alae perfecte expHcatae, metasternum sat elongatum. Prothorax utrinque seta unica, ad angulum posteriorem sita, munitus. Tarsi posteriores ad margines sulcati ; articulo quarto parvo, emarginato, haud bilobato. 2 14 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS The sculpture of the tarsi is not so strongly marked in most of the species of this genus as it is in Mesotliriscus and Atelothrus, but it is present always in the form of a longitudinal groove on the outer side of the first and second joints, and may also be detected on the interior side of these joints as a flattening or compression of the surface, but there is no trace of a raised line along the middle. In the Kauai species, however, the grooves are very distinct and the tarsi flattened so that both grooves are visible on the upper face of the tarsus. Hence there are two well-marked groups in Colpocacc7ts. The structure of the feet thoroughly distinguishes the genus from Colpodiscus, in which I formerly very reluctantly located C. tantalus. (i) Colpocaccus tantalus, Blackburn. Dyscolus tantalus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. .\iv. 1877, p. 147. Colpodiscits tantalus Sharp, op. cit. xx. 1884, p. 217. Readily distinguished from the other species by the deep black colour, even the inflexed margin of the elytra being deeply pigmented. The middle of each femur is always more or less infuscate. The thorax is somewhat narrower and longer than it is in the other species and is u.sually darker in colour, but this varies a little. A very fine series of between three and four hundred specimens has been secured by Mr Perkins. Though apparently the most common of the Carabidae of Oahu, it varies but little. H.AB. Oahu, Blackburn, Perkins. Found in several localities, both in the Waianae and Kaala ranges : very abundant at Halemano in December and January. (2) Colpocaccus liaivaiiensis, sp. nov. Piceus, nitidus, subtus testaceo-variegatus, antennis, palpispedibusque flavis, his plus minusve infuscatis, elytrorum margine elevata ferruginea ; thorace transverse, angulis posterioribus perparum argutis ; elytris leviter striatis. Long. corp. 8 — 9 mm. In this species the inflexed margin of the elytra is always bright yellow, and the raised margin shews red or yellow on the upper surface. The femora are always somewhat infuscate, and the thorax has the hind angles a little less marked than the other species. Mr Perkins has secured a series of about 200 specimens of this species. It varies somewhat more than C. tantalus does, but there is no doubt about even a single specimen, slisfht as are the characters. Hak. Hawaii (Perkins) : Kona and Kilauea from June to September. COLEOPTERA 215 (3) Colpocacciis lanaicnsis, sp. nov. Niger, prothorace picescente, antennis, palpis pedibusque fiavis, elytrorum margine inflexa ferruginea ; thorace transverse, angulis posterioribus obtusis, sat argutis ; elytris minus leviter striatis. Long. corp. 8 — 9 mm. Very closely allied to C. hatvaiiensis, but darker in colour, with the legs paler (being nowhere infuscate), and with the thorax more transverse and less rounded at the posterior angles. These characters distinguish satisfactorily a large series of about 70 examples from Lanai. In addition, I assign to the same species a small series from Molokai and Maui (nine or ten examples from each island). The specimens from these two islands have the thorax decidedly a little narrower, and have not the shape of this part so characteristic as in the Lanai specimens. But I am not able to detect anything to lead me to suppose that they belong to a really separate form. Hab. Lanai, Maui, Molokai (Perkins). Lanai, 2 — 3000 ft., in January, June and July. Molokai mountains in August. West Maui mountains, 4000 ft., in April. (4) Colpocacats apicalis, sp. nov. Pusco-ferrugineus, nitidus, capite elytrisque nigricantibus, his subtiliter striatis, limbo ad apicem late testaceo. Long. corp. 8^ — 9 mm. Closely allied to C. hazvaiiensis, but readily distinguished by the broadly yellow tip of the elytra : it is also a somewhat broader insect, with more transverse thorax. From C. posticatits it can be known at a glance by the delicate striation of the elytra. Most of the small series of specimens are immature. Hab. Hawaii, Perkins and Koebele. Kilauea and near Hilo in August, appa- rently rare. (5) Co/pocaccns posticatns, sp. nov. Piceus, minus nitidus, antennis palpisque pedibusque flavis ; elytris limbo late ad apicem testaceo, profunde striatis ; corpore subtus variegato. Long. 7 — 8 mm. Easily distinguished from all the other species except C. niarginatus by the deep striation of the elytra. The colour Is a little variable, but is less pigmented with black than any of the other species. The thorax is strongly transverse, and the posterior angles are sharply marked, though slightly obtuse. Hab. Kauai, Perkins. Koholuamano in April. Mts. W'aimea in May. Rare. (6) Colpocaccus marginaitts, sp. nov. Piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis, elytris anguste ferrugineo-marginatis, profunde striatis ; corpore subtus variegato. Long. corp. 8 mm. F. u. III. 28 2i6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Doubtfully distinct from C. posficahis, though wanting the broad yellow apex of the elytra. The thorax is a little narrower. Hab. Kauai, Perkins. Very rare: found in the same localities as C. posiicatiis. Atelothrus, gen. nov. Alae vestigiales. Prothorax utrinque seta unica ad angulum posteriorem sita munitus. In the highly aberrant A. transieits the thoracic setae are very rarely present, but the pits of their insertion exist. (i) Atelothrus politics, sp. nov. Elongatus, angustus, nitidus, niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum margine laterali angustissime rufescente, thorace plus minusve picescente, abdomine flavo-variegato ; elytris sat profunde striatis, striis ad basin discretis, interstitiis politis. Long. 8 mm. Closely allied to A. crro, but readily distinguished by the polished elytra, the striae of which are deeper and not so effaced at the base. The thorax is a little sinuate at the sides behind ; the hind angles would be almost rectangular were it not that the base is sloped where it joins the sides, so that the angles are markedly acute ; the sides behind are but little elevated. H.\B. Maui (Perkins); Haleakala, 5000 ft., in INIarch, April and May 1894, and in September and October 1896. Some of the specimens are described as found under bark oi Acacia. (2) Atelothrus erro, Blackburn. Anchomemis erro Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1877, p. 121. Platynus planus Karsch, Berlin, ent. Zeitschr. xxv. 1881, p. 2. This is closely allied to A. politus as already mentioned, but is readily identified by the peculiar dull surface of the elytra, due to a dense minute sculpture, and by the less deep striation of the elytra, all the striae being very fine at the base, and some indeed of the outer quite effaced there. We have received about 300 specimens of A. ei'ro, and there can be no doubt it is distinct from that species and not merely a dimorphic form, as there are slight differences in form and colour ; these, however, are not so constant as the diagnostic characters mentioned. Hab. Maui (Blackburn, Perkins) ; Haleakala, 4 — 5000 ft., in March, April and May, and in September and October. The localities and dates are the same as those for A. politus, and if these two closely allied species do not actually live together, they must be very close neighbours. COLEOPTERA 217 (3) Aielothrus limbatus, sp. nov. Elongatus, angustus, nigro-plceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace marginibus ferrugineis, angulis posterioribus leviter obtusis, parum rotundatis ; elytris limbo (ad apicem late) testaceo-ferrugineo ; abdomine testaceo-variegato. Long. 'i\ mm. Antennae very long (just over 5 mm.), basal joints yellow, those beyond somewhat darker. Head as broad as the thorax. Thora.x narrow, much rounded at the sides and narrowed behind, hind angles obtuse and a little rounded. Elytra blackish with a definite pale margin ; this marginal band is very broad at the tip, though narrow at the shoulder. The apex is but little sinuate. Fourth joint of hind foot not lobed, its angles, however, are acute and somewhat produced. Three specimens only have been found of this insect in its typical form. Var. .■' conco/or n. van Paulo latior fere unicolor, ferrugineus, prothorace angulis posterioribus minus obtusis. Three specimens. Hab. Maui (Perkins, Koebele); West Maui mountains, 4000 ft., April 1894, the type form and var. concolor. Lahaina, 3000 ft., Koebele. (4) Atelothrns longicoliis, sp. nov. Major, elongatus, ferrugineus, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace elongato, nitido, lateribus anterius parum elongatis, parte basali elongata, angulis poste- rioribus acute rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis, ad apicem parum sinuatis. Long, corp. 9 mm. Distinguished from the var. concolor of A. liinbatiis by the more elongate thorax and the sharp hind angles. The small series of eight examples varies a good deal, and it is possible there may be two species among them ; but 1 think it is more probable that all belong to one variable species. Hab. Maui (Perkins). Haleakala, 5000 ft., March and April 1894, and at 4000 ft. in May 1896. Apparently it occurred only in single examples. (5) AtcloiJints constrictits, sp. nov. Angustus, convexiusculus, niger, nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; pro- thorace angusto, basi recta, angulis posterioribus subrectis minutissime obtusis ; elytris anguste ovatis, sat profunde striatis, apice parum sinuato. Long. corp. 7 — 7^ mm. The rather narrower and more convex form, and especially the narrower thorax, readily distinguish this species from its congeners of similar size, such as A. longtdus. The thorax is a good deal narrowed and sinuate behind, but in front the sides are less rounded than usual. The antennae and legs are long and slender, the fourth joint of the hind foot produced under the fifth, but not bilobed. Hab. Molokai (Perkins). 2S — 2 2i8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (6) Atelothrus lougulns, sp. nov. Sat elongatus, nitidus, niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace basin versus minus fortiter angustato ; elytris sat profunde striatis, apicibus parum sinuatis, sat prolongatis. Long, jh mm. Closely allied to A. politus, but rather smaller, with the elytra only obsoletely sinuate at the tip, and the abdomen not variegate in colour. Almost equally close to A. depressus and A. g7'acilis, but with the elytra more prolonged at the tips, and the fourth joint of the hind tarsus not bilobed, but formed as in A. politus. Three specimens. Hab. Maui (Perkins). The same doubt exists as to the locality of this species as does to that of L. gracilis ; but the habitat is probably " West Maui mountains, 4000 ft., IV. 1894," one of the specimens bearing that label. (7) Atelothrus steiiopus, sp. nov. Nigerrimus, politus, pedibus fuscis, antennis palpisque rufo-obscuris ; prothorace sat elongato, basin versus sat angustato ; elytris sat profunde striatis, apice modice sinuato ; tarsis posterioribus gracilibus, articulo quarto haud lobato. Long. 8 mm. This is not likely to be confounded with any species except A. filipes, but A. stcnopus is a little larger and has a decidedly longer prothorax. Only two specimens, both males, have been found. In 1900 Mr Perkins found on Haleakala, 3000 ft., a third specimen that agrees with the two types so well that I cannot treat it as distinct, although it has no seta on the thorax and is therefore to all intents and purposes a Metromenus. There is no species of Metromenus to which this specimen can be assigned, and therefore I at present treat it as an aberration or sport of A. stenopus. Hab. Maui, Perkins. Haleakala, 5000 ft., April 1894, May 1895. (8) Atelothrus filipes, sp. nov. Nigerrimus, politus, pedibus fuscis, antennis rufo-obscuris, basi palpisque dilutiori- bus ; prothorace minus elongato, basin versus minus angustato ; elytris sat profunde striatis, apice parum sinuato ; tarsis posterioribus gracilibus, articulo 4to haud lobato. Long. 6^ — 7 mm. The thorax is comparatively little narrowed behind ; it is slightly sinuate at the sides behind, the hind angles a little obtuse and rounded, the side-margin fine, but little elevated. The colour of the elytra is very black with a very slight green reflection. Compared with the dark-legged variety of A. depressus, the species is readily distin- guished by the shape of the thorax, which is less elongate and less narrowed behind, and by the rather more slender hind legs. Twenty-two specimens. Hab. Lanai (Perkins). Halepaakai, July 1894; Mts. Koele, Jan. and Feb, 1894. COLEOPTERA 219 (9) Atclothnis liawaiicnsis, sp. nov. Nigricans, corpore subtus, antennis, thoraceque rufis, illarum basi, palpis pedibusque fiavis ; thorace basin versus angustato, hand sinuato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris margine laterali flavo, profunde striatis, ad apicem sat profunde sinuatis. Long. Corp. 6i mm. We have only one specimen — a male — of this obscure insect, and some doubt exists as to its belonging to the genus Atelotlij-jts, as there is a fovea for a thoracic seta at the left angle only of the thorax ; if this is not really a fovea, but due to a small piece being chipped out of the thoracic margin by some accident, the specimen will be referable to the genus Metroniemts. As the supposed fovea exists in exactly the normal situation, it is probable the individual is really correctly placed in Atclothnts and I describe it, notwithstanding the doubt that exists about it, because it indicates an extension of the genus to the island of Hawaii. The species is not at all closely allied to any other Atclothnts, but is extremely similar to Mesothriscus haivaiiensis, from which it differs however by its shorter thorax, which also is rather broader at the base. It has but little resemblance to A. filipes, the hind tarsi being considerably thicker, though the fourth joint is not in the least lobed. W.\v>. Hawaii (Perkins). Kilauea, August 1896. No. 656. (10) Atclothnis gracilis, sp. nov. Nitidus, niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace parum elongato, basin versus satis angustato ; elytris anguste ovatis, ad apicem parum sinuatis, apicibus parum prolongatis, sat profunde striatis. Long. corp. 7 mm., antennae vix 4 mm. Closely allied to A. dcprcssus, but with smaller thorax less narrowed behind, and rather narrower elytra, which are scarcely more sinuate, but are rather more prolonged at the tip. The hind tarsi are shorter, but their fourth joint is quite as long and as distinctly bilobed as it is in A. deprcssus. The fifth and sixth striae are connected at a rather greater distance from the tip than they are in A. depressus. The species is also extremely similar to A. longulus, from which it is readily distinguished by the distinctly bilobed fourth joint of the hind feet. A. filipes is also very similar, but in it the fourth joint is not bilobed. Hab. Maui (Perkins). There is some doubt as to the exact locality of this species. The specimens (11 in number) are marked with the number 357, the entry corresponding to which is " Haleakala, 4000 ft., iv. 94." There has, however, been a mistake in connection with this number, as several insects bearine it are also labelled " West Maui mountains." This is probably the actual habitat of these specimens of A. gracilis. In addition to them Mr Perkins has recently found two specimens on Haleakala (3000 ft.) that are a little larger, but are apparently the same species. No. 1232, Prof Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. 2 20 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (ii) At clot lints dysco/eus, sp. nov. Nitidus, niger, parum convexus, antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus piceis ; prothorace basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, rotundatis ; elytris minus profunde striatis. Long, -j- — 8 mm. Very black, shining. Head broad and sliort. Thorax only very slightly broader than long, a good deal narrowed behind, and usually with a very slight sinuation just before the hind angles. Elytra a good deal sinuate at the sides near the tip, but not appearing truncate, the striae fine, never very deep. Legs rrioderately long and stout, fourth joint of hind tarsus slightly bilobed. This differs from A. gracilis by the colour of the legs and the less deeply striate elytra ; the colour of the under-surface is black, the epipleuron not being at all yellow. The small series varies a good deal. One specimen — the largest — has the antennae dark. In most of the specimens the third and the fourth, and the fifth and the sixth striae are separately paired, that is, united at the extremity ; but in three others this is not the case, the third and the sixth striae meet together, enclosing the tips of the fourth and fifth. These examples have shorter legs than the previously mentioned specimens, and may possibly prove to be different. The four specimens from West Maui are very small, more deeply striate, and less elongate and shining. There is some doubt as to the locality, as explained in the remarks on A. gracilis; the clue being 357 as in that species. Hab. Maui, 3000 ft., in 1900 (Perkins, No. 845). W. Maui .-* (Perkins, No. 357). (12) Atelothrus insociabilis, Blk. Anchoinenus insociabilis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 121. The type is like a very elongate A. dyscoleus: the head is not so broad, the thorax is straighter at the sides, and the elytra longer and rather more convex. It is unique. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 ft. (Blackburn). (13) Atelothrus depressus, sp. nov. Subdepressus, nitidus, niger, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace basin versus fortiter angustato ; elytris ad basin angustis, posterius latioribus, ad apicem per- parum sinuatis, sat profunde striatis. Long. corp. 7^ mm., antennae 4^ mm. YdiT. fuscipes, var. nov.; antennis pedibusque fuscis, elytris vi.x profundius striatis. Thorax small, much narrowed behind, not sinuate at the sides, the base straight, hind angles rather indistinct. Elytra narrow at the base, much disconnected from the thora.x, the apical sinuation just perceptible. Legs slender ; fourth joint of hind tarsus slightly bilobed. Twenty-two specimens. COLEOPTERA 221 This species has a good deal the shape of the European Platyni. The margins of the thorax and elytra are dilute in colour to a variable extent. The var. fuscipes is represented by only four specimens : three of them have the elytra more deeply striate, especially at the tip, but the fourth agrees in this respect with the pale-legged form. Hab. Lanai (Perkins); Lanaihale, Halepaakai Mts. Koele. Va.r. fuscipes, Lanai, 2000 ft., January 1894. No. 1 23 1, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (14) Atelothrus platynoides, sp. nov. Subdepressus, nigro-piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque fusco-testaceis ; thorace subplanato, basin versus fortiter angustato ; elytris posterius latioribus, profunde striatis, ad apicem fortiter sinuatis, apicibus parum productis, fere singulatim rotundatis. Long. 6J — 7^ mm. WdLV. JIavipes, var. nov. Pedibus flavis. This is extremely similar to A. depresses var. fuscipes, but is slightly broader, has the elytra a little more sinuate behind, and the fourth joint of the hind tarsus quite distinctly bilobed. I originally described this species from a single specimen, and quite recently have received three others from Mr Perkins that confirm its distinctness. The tarsal structure approaches that of ^. dyscoleus and of Metromenus pabiiac. There is no difference in form in the tarsi of the two sexes. Of the W3.r. flavipes only a single specimen has been found. I see no distinction in it except the colour of the legs, and in this group of Atelotliriis this character does not appear to me to indicate specific distinctness. This variety is very near A. gracilis, though the form in platytioides is considerably narrower, and the tarsi are distinctly more slender. Hab. Molokai, Perkins. Molokai mts. 4000 ft., May 27th, 1893 ; No. 191. Molokai, 1902, Perkins. (15) Atelothrits transiens, sp. nov. Piceo testaceoque variegatus, antennis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace inaequali, basin versus angustato ; elytris sat nitidis, piceis, flavo-marginatis, interstitiis elevatis, angulatis, alternis saepius altioribus. Long. 6 — 7 mm. In this extraordinary species the setae on the thorax are very rarely present, though their pits are always evident on the inner face of the side-margin quite near to, if not on, the summit. It differs from all the other species of the genus in its sculpture, and in this respect resembles the aberrant forms of McsothHsciis and Meh'omenus from the same island — Kauai. The head is black. Thorax a good deal narrowed behind, yellowish, more or less infuscate, with the margins pale, the surface always more or less crumpled, sometimes strongly so. The elytra are rendered somewhat dull by an 222 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS extremely minute sculpture ; there are no true striae, but angular ridges separated by broad grooves ; in some species the alternate ridges are more elevated, but in others there is little difference in this respect : the lateral margin is always yellow. The under- surface is piceous variegate with yellow. We have received about fifty specimens of this species ; in all of them the thoracic setae are absent, except that in one specimen the seta exists on one side, and is of normal size'. A variety occurs in which the colour is more extensively yellow, and then there is an extreme resemblance to Metroinenus linibattis, but in that species the sides of the elytra are always more broadly yellow than they are in these extreme varieties of A. transicns. Hab. Kauai (Perkins). Makaweli, 2500 ft., in February 1896, and again in February 1897. Nos. 668 and 703. Mesothriscus, gen. nov. Corpus apterum. Prothorax utrinque seta unica ad medium lateris sita munitus. (i) Mesothriscus vagans, sp. nov. Piceo-niger, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, antennis extrorsum obscurioribus ; prothorace subtransverso, basin versus fortiter angustato, angulis pos- terioribus obtusis ; elytris sat profunde striatis, interstitiis haud deplanatis, margine laterali rufa. Long. 7 — 9 mm. The species varies a good deal in colour, the thorax being sometimes blackish and a little paler at the sides, while in other cases it is red, and intermediate conditions occur. The thorax is much rounded at the sides in front, and a good deal narrowed behind ; the base is not straight, but a little directed forwards on each side ; the hind angles are both obtuse and indefinite. The legs are usually dirty yellow. Eighty or ninety specimens. The thorax varies a good deal in form. Hab. Molokai Mountains, 4000 — 4500 ft., on several occasions in June and August 1893 (Perkins). — ? Maui (Perkins). I have some little doubt as to the correctness of the labellingr of the single individual on which the Maui record is based. It is numbered 384, which refers to Haleakala III. 1894. I incline to think it is a specimen from Molokai that has been misplaced during the preparation. ' In a letter recently received from Mr Perkins he suggests that the absence of the setae in A. transiens may be to a considerable extent a post mortem occurrence. It is quite probable that this may be the case. In other words A. transiens may be a species liable to lose its thoracic setae from slight mechanical causes more easily than most other species do. If shewn to be the case, this would in itself be of considerable interest. COLEOPTERA 223 (2) AlesotJn^iscits niitscicola, Blackburn. Anchoviciuts muscicola Blackb., Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 147, and xxi. p. 25. Niger, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, antennis extrorsum obscuriori- bus ; thorace hand transverse, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris sat protunde striatis, interstitiis planis, margine laterali rufo. Long. corp. 7 — 9 mm. This is very closely allied to M. vagans, but has the thorax a little differently shaped, and the base of the elytra more deeply bayed, or scooped out, on each side for the reception of the base of the thorax. The thorax is much sinuate behind, its hind angles nearly or quite rectangular, and well defined. The elytra are broad, deeply and very regularly striate, with the interstices quite flat. More than 60 examples. This species, like M. vagans, varies a good deal, but as no specimens of the two species agree, I treat them as distinct. The thorax is always somewhat longer in proportion to the width than it is in M. vagans, and the hind angles are more sharply defined. Small examples have the thorax narrower at the base, and the hind angles not so acute, they therefore come nearer to J/, vagans. The specimens that approach nearest to the Molokai Insect are two found on the Waianae mountains, 2000 ft., in February 1890, and one found on the mountains near Honolulu in August 1896. Hab. Oahu. Apparently common ; Honolulu mts., August 1896: Waianae mts., 2000 ft., February 1896; Kawaaloa, April 1893 - Kaala mts., December 1892 (Perkins). Nos. 1236, 1237, 1241, 1244, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (3) Mcsotlu-iscns prognathus, sp. nov. Piceus, antennis fuscescentibus, earum basi pedibusque flavis ; capite gracili, elon- gato ; prothorace vix transverso, cordato, angulis posterioribus perfecte, rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis. Long. 8^ mm. I have seen only one specimen of this insect, and it is so close to certain extreme forms of AI. muscicola that I cannot feel sure that it will prove distinct : it is, however, rather more elongate in form, with a distinctly longer head and slightly longer mandibles and the elytra rather less deeply striate, and I think should be distinguished till connected certainly with M. muscicola. The unique example, for which I am indebted to Mr Koebele, is a lemale. Hab. Oahu (Kobele). (4) Mcsothriscns hmaicnsis, sp. no\". Piceus, antennis palpis pedibusque rufis : prothorace transverso basin versus tortiter angustato et sinuato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris ovatis, sat profunde striatis. Long. 7 mm. F. H. III. 29 2 24 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Of this form only two specimens have been received ; they do not agree with any example of M. vagans, but are so near thereto that a series may possibly show that it is not distinct. M. lanaiensis is of the size of the smallest examples of M. vagans, but is paler in colour, the thorax is altogether a little smaller, and the elytra rather narrower at the base so as to be somewhat differently shaped. The specimens are both male. Hab. Lanai (Perkins), 2000 ft., January and February 1894. (5) Mesothrisciis tricolor, sp. nov. Ferrugineus, capite elytrisque nigricantibus, his margine laterali (saepiusque sutura) ferrugineo ; prothorace transverso, basi recta, angulis posterioribus levissime obtusis ; elytris minus profunde striatis. Long. 7 mm. This is closely allied to M. vagans, but besides the differences in colour, which are by no means invariable, it differs decidedly in the shape of the thorax and some other details. The basal part of the thorax is flatter, the sides behind being less upturned and less sinuate, with the posterior angles more sharply defined. The elytra are slightly broader and less rounded at the shoulders, their striation usually slightly finer and more regular. The female has only two abdominal setae on each side of the extremity of the last abdominal segment. There is considerable variation in the small series of eighteen examples of this species ; the red colour of the thorax being in some cases much infuscate. I also refer as varieties to this species the following two forms. Var. coiicolor, van nov. Paulo minor, totus ferrugineus, thoracis ad basin paulo angustiore. Molokai, five examples, W. Maui mountains, two examples. Var. rudis, var. nov. Major, praesertim latior, corpore nigro, thoracis ad angulos posteriores lateribus magis elevatis. This variety approaches M. rmiscicola, but the thorax is considerably more transverse. Molokai, two specimens. Hau. Molokai. — Maui (as a variety). Molokai, 4000 — 4500 ft., on several occa- sions in 1893 (Perkins). W. Maui, 4000 ft., April 1894. Var. concolor (Perkins). No. 1239 of Prof. Thaxter, Laboulbeniaceae. I am by no means sure that the var. concolor may not consist of one or two distinct species. The two specimens from W. Maui are very small and have a narrower thorax. All the females of typical M. tricolor have, except one, only two setae on each side of the last ventral. The only female of the Molokai M. tricolor concolor has three on each side. The two W. Maui M. tricolor concolor (minor) are both males. (6) Mesothrisciis hazoaiiensis, sp. nov. Angustior, piceus, antennis rufis, basi palpis pedibusque flavescentibus ; thoracis angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, ad apicem fortius sinuatis, margine laterali ferrugineo. Long. corp. 6| mm. Var. Prothorace ferrugineo. COLEOPTERA 225 Antennae short. Thorax much narrowed behind, the hind angles very distinctly obtuse, the side margin not strongly upturned. Female, with two abdominal setae on each side. The small series of thirteen examples indicates that this is probably distinct from M. vagaiis. The thorax is less contracted and sinuate behind, and the sides there less upturned, so that the surface appears to be flatter. The variety with red thorax has a great resemblance to Atelotlu'uS Iiaivaiicusis. Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea, July 1896 (Perkins). No. T238, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (7) Mesotkrisciis truncahis, sp. nov. Robustus, subdepressus, niger, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis ; thorace transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus rotundato-obtusis ; elytris regu- lariter striatis, apicibus sinuatim subtruncatis. Long. corp. 8 mm. • This is not closely allied to any other species ; by the term it resembles more Atelothrus dcprcssiis and allies and Metromcnits pavidits, rather than any other Mesotlirisciis. The thorax is much narrowed behind ; the angles are very indistinct. The elytra are broad, the angle formed by the junction of the lateral and basal margins is very indistinct ; the striation is rather deep, very regular, and the broad interstices are quite flat : the apex is more depressed and truncate than usual. The fourth joint of the hind tarsus is not at all lobed. The female has three setae on each side of the last ventral segment. Three specimens. The resemblance to Mctronioius pavidiis, in company with which this insect was found, is so great that I shall not be surprised it it prove to be a sport thereof Hab. Kauai (Perkins). Waimea, 4000 ft. (8) Mesothriscits collaris, sp. nov. Major, elongatus, piceo-ferrugineus, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum limbo late ferrugineo ; prothorace elongate, angusto, angulis posterioribus leniter obtusis ; elytris elongatis, profunde striatis, ad apicem perparum sinuatis. Long, corp. 10 mm. This resembles At clot lints loiigicollis and A. limbatus : it has the thorax longer than the second of this species ; while from A. longicollis it differs by the colour of the elytra and the less sharp posterior angles of the thorax. It is even more similar to certain specimens of Mcfrovicnus ductus, but it has the thorax less constricted and narrow behind. Until more specimens are found it cannot be considered certain that these two are distinct. It is, however, very unlikely that a Mesotkriscus can be a sport 29 — 2 2 26 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS from a species of Metrovieiuts, though the reverse case (in which the setae disappear) possibly happens as a rare phenomenon. Only one specimen has been found : it is a female, and has three setae on each side of the last ventral segment. Prof Thaxter took specimens of Laboulbeniaceae from it with the number 1240 (?46). Hab. Molokai (Perkins). Molokai mountains, 4000 ft., 15th June 1893. (9) Mesothrisciis microps, sp. nov. Ferrugineus, nitidus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace lateri- bus posterius fere rectis, vix perspicue sinuato-angustatis, angulis exacte rectis ; elytris humeris anterius prominulis, sat profunde striatis, ad apicem profunde sinuati-s. Long, corp. 7 mm. This insect to some extent connects M. tj-ico/or with the abnormal M. abax. The thorax is a little narrowed in front, the base is quite straight ; the angle formed by the junction of the sides and base of the elytra is very marked, and projects somewhat forwards. A single male example. The e.xact locality is somewhat doubtful, the specimen being one of tho.se numbered 357, the entry for which is Haleakala, but, as stated under AtelotJirns gracilis, the true locality is probably West Maui mountains. Hab. Maui (Perkins). (10) Mesothriscns abax, sp. nov. Piceus, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque rufis ; prothorace haud transverso, lateribus posterius fere rectis, nullo modo angustatis, angulis exacte rectis ; elytris humeris anterius prominulis, profunde striatis, ad apicem minus profunde sinuatis. Long. Corp. 6^ — 7 mm. Plate VII. fig. 2. The form of the thorax distinguishes this from all the other species except M. microps, in which, however, the thorax is less elongate. The colour varies from piceous to ferru- gineous, the epipleura being pallid as in the other Mesoihriscus of the central islands of the Archipelago. Hab. Molokai. — Maui. Molokai, 4500 ft., June and August 1893. Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. (11) Mesothriscns katiaieusis, sp. nov. Fusco-testaceus, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque dilutioribus ; prothorace haud transverso, basin versus fortiter angustato, angulis' perobtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, interstitiis convexiusculis, septimo vix magis elevato. Long. corp. 7 mm. COLEOPTERA 227 Readily distinguished from all the preceding species by the more convex interstices of the elytra, and from the following species by the interstices appearing broad instead of being angulate and therefore narrow at the summit. The seventh interstice is slightly more elevated than the others, and there is also an extremely slight, increased elevation of the filth. The base of the thora.x is not straight, and the hind angles are extremely indistinct. The female has three setae on each side of the last ventral segment. The species is of considerable interest, as to a certain extent it connects the very peculiar Kauai species of Mcsothriscus with those found on the central islands of the group. The species to which it comes nearest is J\I. lauaiensis. It is apparently of the greatest rarity. Hab. Kauai (Perkins). (12) ^Icsotliriscns optiinus, sp. nov^ Fusco-testaceus, antennis palpis pedibus elytrorumque margine laterali flavis ; prothorace haud transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis obtusis ; elytris quasi sulcatis, interstitiis fortiter sed inaequaliter elevatis, ad apicem haud truncatis, parum sinuatis. Long. corp. ~\ mm. This specie.s — like so many other of the Kauai Carabidae — has the sculpture of the elytra strangely abnormal ; the interstices are strongly elevated and angular at the top so that the spaces between them form grooves, the true striae having disappeared : the small impressions on the third interstice cause an interruption of the costa, breaking it up more or less distinctly into elongate bullae, reminding one of the sculpture in the genus Caralnis. M. optinius is distinguished from J/, altcriians by the larger size, more elongate form and longer elytra, by the thorax narrowed behind, but not at all sinuate at the sides, and by the obtuse and rounded hind angles of the thorax. Only two specimens have been found. Hab. Kauai (Perkins). (13) Jlfesof/in'scns opcrciis, sp. nov. Piceo-testaceus, opacus, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum limbo testaceo ; prothoracis angulis posterioribus obtusis; elyt.ns ad apicem profunde sinuatis interstitiis alternis elevatis, crenulatis. Long. 7 mm. Distinguished by the peculiar sculpture of the elytra, these parts being dull, and the more elevated part of each interstice wavy. It is larger than M. alternans, and has the thorax different in form, being comparatively broader, more strongly narrowed behind, with the hind angles more obtuse, and the sides more broadly explanate. Only two specimens have been found. The female has only two setae on each side of the ape.x of the abdomen. Hab. Kauai (Perkins). 2 28 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (14) Mesothriscus altci-naiis, sp. nov. Minor, nigro-piceus, nitidus, antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis ; minus depressus, prothorace angusto, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris parum elongatis, sulcatis, inter- stitiis alternis magis elevatis, apicibus fortiter sinuatis. Long. corp. 5 — 6 mm. This is one of tiie species with the peculiar sculpture of the elytra that occurs in so many of the Kauai Carabidae of different genera ; the true striae having disappeared, while in their place are grooves with the interstices more or less angularly elevated, the alternate interstices being more elevated than the others. The thorax is not transverse, and is always long and narrow, though it varies somewhat in form. The apices of the elytra are unusually strongly sinuate. The legs are rather short. The setae on the last ventral of the female are two in number on each side in most, if not all, of the specimens examined. A large series. Hab. Kauai (Perkins). Koholuamano, 4000 ft., in April, mts. Waimea, 4000 ft. in May. Nos. 1220, 1242, 1243, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. Platynus Bonelli. This genus, as at present understood, comprises numerous species and has a very wide distribution. It is, however, a very composite one, and will no doubt be divided. The two species I place in it agree fairly well with the apterous forms of Platynus found in California. They are distinguished from the other Hawaiian Anchomenides by possessing two setae on each side of the thorax as is normal in Anchomenides. It is very remarkable that there are in the islands these two normal forms, while all the others are unusual in possessing a diminished number of thoracic setae, the majority of species in the islands being highly peculiar on account of the total absence ot these setae. Both species are extremely rare. ( I ) Platynus ainhicns, sp. nov. Depressus, fuscus, subtus nigricans, elytrorum epipleuris fusco-testaceis ; prothorace elytris multo angustiore, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus leniter obtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, apicibus oblique subtruncatis, parum sinuatis. Long, corp. 7 mm. We have received only one specimen of this species; though at first sight very similar to Atelothrus platynoides, it is very distinct therefrom. The lateral margin of the thorax is very fine, and the sides behind are very slightly sinuate, the angles being sharply marked, though distinctly obtuse. The elytra are broader behind, with the COLEOPTERA 229 apices scarcely at all prolonged behind the sinuation ; the junction of the lateral and basal margins forms a definite, though very obtuse angle ; they are deeply striate, and the interstices are a little convex. The legs are slender, the fourth joint of the hind tarsus scarcely at all bilobed. One male. Hab. Kauai (Perkins). Without indication of locality or date. (2) Platymis calathiforviis, sp. nov. Angustus, parum nitidus, piceus, elytrorum margine rufo, antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis ; thorace basin versus vix angustato, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris sub- tiliter striatis, striis ad basin obsolescentibus. Long. i\ mm. This species resembles only Atelothi-us erro, from which it is readily distinguished by the thorax being slightly broader at the base than it is at the front angles. The base is quite straight and the hind angles are very sharply marked. The seventh stria can scarcely be detected near the base. The fourth joint of the hind tarsus is not lobed. The female has three setae on each side of the last ventral segment. Five specimens. H.AB. Maui (Perkins). Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 ft., March and April 1894. Mecostomus, gen. nov. Mandibulae elongatae, acuminatae, parum curvatae. Palpi elongati, labiales per- tenues. Thora.x elongatus, utrinque seta erecta ante medium lateris sita. This senus can onl\ be placed next to Mesothrisciis ; although there are no connecting links between the two, I think it is undoubtedly allied to the genus in question more nearly than it is to Mcconicuns, which is the only genus having a similar mouth-structure. Mccomemis appears indeed to be allied to Mctrovieniis rather than to Mecostomus. The elongation of the trophi is analogous to that of the European genus Siomis, but there is no other affinity between the two, and the trophi are far from similar in their details. There is a single well-marked seta on the middle of each side of the thora.x. The female has two abdominal setae on each side of the last ventral plate. ( I ) jMecostonnis pcrkinsi, sp. nov. Angustus, subparallelus, piceus, nitidus, palpis antennis pedibusque flavis ; pro- thorace elongato, lateribus posterius sinuatis, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis, ad apicem fere esinuatis. Long. corp. 7 mm. Plate VL fig. II. This is readily identified by the elongate mandibles. In general form and appearance it has some resemblance to the narrowest examples of Mcsothriscus abax, but it is very different on account of the thorax being narrowed behind and of the elytra being much 230 FAUNA HAIVAIIENSIS narrower. The thorax is as long as broad. The shoulders of the elytra form a well- marked denticle or angle outside the hind angle of the thorax. The legs are short. The front tarsi of the male very little dilated. I have great pleasure in naming this interesting insect in honour of Mr R. C. L. Perkins, who has been so remarkably successful in his entomological work in the Hawaiian islands. It is very curious to find what appears to be an entirely precinctive insect possessing a strongly marked specialisation that to some extent has an analogue in two or three other of the Island forms {^Mecotnemis, Gnat holy mnaecuvi, Nesolymnaecitni) that are only distantly, or not at all, related to it. I have, however, found that Mesothrisciis progiiatlms apparently forms a lead to it. The insect appears to be of great rarity. Hab. Maui (Perkins). Haleakala. Mecomenus, gen. nov. Partes oris graciles, mandibulae elongatae, tenues, parum curvatae. Prothorax transversus sine setis erectis. The genus is established for M. koebelei and Anchoinemts putcalis Blk., two of the rarest ot the Hawaiian Carabidae. It is allied by the elongate slender trophi to Mecosto)iiiis, iiut in other respects is similar to Aletronienus. The sculpture of the tarsi is that of such species as Metrojiiams epictirus. The section of Metrovienus to which it is nearest is placed at the end of the genus, consisting of M. latifrons and calatlioides. Meconieiiits has the broad base of the elytra in common with the section named of Metromeniis. The genus like RIecostonms is confined to the island of Maui. (i) Jllecoiiienus koebelei, sp. nov. Latus, nigro-piceus, nitidus, antennis pedibusque testaceis ; prothorace transverso, lateribus subrectis, angulis posterioribus perfecte rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis. Long. 7 — 8 mm. This very distinct species has a broad head, which is definitely constricted almost immediately behind the eyes. The shoulders of the elytra are quite free. The thorax is very shining ; the base is just perceptibly broader than the front, the posterior angles are remarkably definite, and the sides near them much directed upwards. The elytra are unusually broad, deeply striate, with the interstices quite flat ; the lateral groove is yellow, and the tips are sometimes pale. In addition to the six examples of this species from Lahaina, there is an individual without any locality label that I treat as a variety of H/. koebelei. It is narrower, and COLEOPTERA 231 the shoulders of the elytra less prominent. Except for the longer trophi, this individual appears scarcely to differ from some of the specimens of Mctroiuciiits latifrons. Hab. Maui. Lahaina (Koebele). (2) Mccoiiiciiiis putcalis, Blackburn. Anchoinenus pntcalis, Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. 18S1, p. 227. The species will be readily recognised by the long mandibles and by the fact that the lateral margin of the thorax is fine and less elevated than usual. The lateral margin of the thorax is not so much incurved at the junction with the basal margin as it is in the normal Mctroiiicni \ on the other hand, it is more incurved than it is in the aberrant species of the latifrons group of jMctroiuoius. The elytra are yellow at the tips but not at the sides. The antennae and legs are rather short, and the eyes are reduced below the normal size. Hab. Maui. "In damp rotting leaves on the margins of a stagnant pool, at an elevation of about 4000 ft. on Haleakala," April or May 18S0 (Blackburn). Haleakala, in forest, 4000 — 5500 ft., March 1894, one specimen (Perkins, No. 384). Metromenus Sharp. Meti'onicniis Sharp, Ent. Mo. Mag. xx. 1884, p. 217. The characters of this eenus— amono; the Hawaiian Anchomenides — are tarsi distinctly depressed longitudinally along each side, wings vestigial, thorax without any seta. Most of the numerous species are confined to the island of Oahu, and several of them are still very inadequately known. Their discrimination is a very difficult matter, several of the species being extremely close to one another and so variable that know- ledge of a good series is necessary to enable anyone to form an opinion as to their validity. There are a few very distinct forms among them, such as M . palmac Blackb. and M. perpolitiis. I ha\'e explained previously that in other genera, where thoracic setae exist, the seta may, as an anomaly, be present on one side and absent on the other, and, as an extremely exceptional case, may be absent from both sides : so that the individual then becomes systematically a Metromenus. I believe this phenomenon really occurs (and Mr Perkins shares this opinion), but that it is extremely rare. Under Atclothriis stenopiis I have remarked on such a case. Still the evidence on this point is far from being completely satisfactory. However interesting this question may be from a biological point of view, it does not much affect the question of the systematic import- ance of the seta. There are only one or two cases in which a species I have considered F. II. III. 30 232 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS a Metrontcnus could belong to any known species of a genus possessing setae even if the difference as to setae were left out of consideration. With regard to the tarsal structure, I should explain that I have not made use of it for dividing the genera because of the intermediate forms that exist. In the preceding division of the Anchomenides I found that the species with lobed tarsi readily separated from the others ; but here the reverse is the case. The character is, however, of the greatest value for discriminating species, as there seems to be extremely little variation in it. Division i. Lateral margin of elytra greatly curvate, rounded at the shoulders. Species i^ — 24. (i) jMctromeints pahnae, Blackburn. Dyscohis pabnae Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 147. This species cannot be confounded with any other. It has a broad, lobed fourth joint on the hind tarsus, and is dark in colour. M. rmdabilis has a large fourth tarsal joint, but is red in colour and different in shape. Several species of Atelothrus approach M. pahnae in shape and in the tarsal structure. Hab. Oahu. Not uncommon on the leaves of Freycinetia ; usually at an elevation of about 1500 ft. (Blackburn). In several localities about Honolulu (Perkins). (2) Metrovicnus nmtabilis, Blackburn. Dyscolus imitabilis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. p. 148. Plate VI. fig. ij, a, b hind foot, above and below. This species is of rather depressed form, has the elytra moderately deeply striate, and the fourth joint of the hind feet deeply divided so as to form distinct, slender, free lobes. The colour is peculiar and quite characteristic. It is a rather bright yellow, with the head somewhat infuscate and the elytra marked with black at the sides behind. I have upwards of a hundred examples before me and all are recognisable at a glance except in the case of six examples. Two are of an entirely yellow colour without the black marks. Four, on the contrary, have the black colour very much extended, so as to have the head quite black, the middle of the thorax infuscate, the elytra blackish with the outer margin remaining yellow, and the suture and base yellowish. Though these aberrant examples greatly resemble varieties of M. caliginosus and M. aeqiiaiis, yet the structure of the tarsi is quite unmistakeable, and there is no doubt as to the distinctness COLEOPTERA ■■i>i> of this species. It is in fact, notwithstanding its name, much less variable than its immediate allies. The tarsal structure differentiates it from all the other Metromemis except ]M. palniae. Hab. Oahu. Rather plentiful on the leaves of a species of the lily tribe (locally known as "silver sword"); also in stems of fern; at an elevation of 2000ft. and upwards (Blackburn). Honolulu, in various spots and in several months, apparently always between 2000 and 3000 ft. (Perkins). No. 1259, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (3) ]Mct7'omc7ius caliginosus, Blackburn. Dyscolus caliginosus Blackburn 1. c. This species differs from M. ntutabilis by the narrower form, rather more deeply striate elytra, and by the less deeply divided fourth joint of the hind feet. It is extremely variable in colour, some examples being concolorous testaceous or yellowish, while in others the head, the disc of the thorax and the elytra are blackish. The dark colour of the elytra is not formed (as it is in the dark varieties of AI. mntabilis) by an extension of dark colour from behind forwards, but by a general suffusion of the surface. I have examined about sixty specimens. Hab. Oahu. Found occasionally in the stems of ferns and other plants at an elevation of about 2000 ft. (Blackburn). Honolulu, in various places in the mountains (Perkins). No. 1 26 1, Prof Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (4) H/ctroiitcnus aeqnalis, sp. nov. Flavescens, plus minusve nigro-infuscatus, antennis pedibusque laete flavis ; elytris subtiliter striatis ; tarsorum posticorum articulo quarto emarginato haud bilobato. Long. 7 mm. Plate VI. fig. 14, hind foot above and below. Very closely allied to M. caliginosus, but can be distinguished by the tarsal structure as well as by the less deeply striate elytra, the broader form, and the rather broader base of the thorax. It is always broader. Although the species varies in colour in the same manner as M. caliginosus does, yet I do not entertain any doubt as to the distinctness of the two forms, though at first I did so. The head is black or blackish. The thorax is reddish-yellow, with the disc more or less broadly and deeply infuscate. The elytra are obscure yellow, more or less deeply tinged with black ; in some examples quite black, with the suture and epipleural margin reddish. The thorax is 1^ mm. broad and scarcely shorter than this; it is distinctly ;q— 2 2 34 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS narrowed behind but scarcely at all sinuate, the lateral and basal margins are quite fine, the latter very broadly interrupted in the middle, the hind angles are moderately definite and slightly obtuse. The fourth joint of the hind tarsus is quite as large as it is in M. caliginosus, but the fifth joint is not inserted so near the base of the fourth, hence the tarsi are a little less lobed. Hab. Oahu. Halemano, 2000 ft., December 1892. A variety occurs in which the colour is entirely yellow, with a slight infuscation of the head ; this superficially resembles 1\I. nnitabilis, but that species has the tarsus much more bilobate. This variety was found in the Waianae mountains, 2000 ft., February and April 1896. Six specimens. No. 1260, Prof Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (5) Mciromcinis angustifroits, sp. nov. Piceus, sat nitidus, elytris nigris, margine externo suturaque rufis, antennis pedi- busque testaceis ; capite angusto ; prothorace leviter transverso, basin versus sat angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, haud rotundatis ; elytris profunde striatis. Long. 6 mm. This may be compared with M. caliginosus, but it cannot be confounded therewith on account of the narrower and longer form of the head and the fact that the eyes are not prominent and exhibit only a very slight convexity. The hind angles of the thorax are less rounded than they are in M. caliginosus, and the striation of the elytra is deeper : the yellow margin along the external groove of the elytra is very conspicuous. It is equally near to M. protei"inis, and in some respects is intermediate between it and M. caliginosus, but it has less convex eyes, a smaller thorax, and less elongate, less deeply striated elytra. Only one specimen has been found. Hab. Oahu. Honolulu, 2000 — 3000 ft. (Perkins). (6) Meti'ouicmis mclicitlosus, Blackburn. Anchotnemts nuiiciilosns Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 146. I know so little of this species that I scarcely like to remark on it. According to two specimens sent me by Mr Blackburn it is a small species of depressed black, with the margins of the thorax and elytra and the suture red, antennae and legs bright yellow ; the tips of the elytra very little sinuate, and the striae not deep. Mr Perkins has not met with the species ; a specimen he found in the Waianae mountains (2000 — 3000 ft., April 1892) comes near M. )ncticiilosiis, but I think is clearly not the same species. Another specimen from Halemano is entirely yellow in colour, but may be a variety of AI. meticulosus. Hab. Oahu. Under the bark of trees on the mountains ; not common (Blackburn). COLEOPTERA 235 (7) Metroiuciuts scntpulosiis, Blackburn. AncJiomeiius scrupitlosits Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 145. This species has a very broad yellow tip to the elytra, and the lateral margins broadly yellow. Mr Perkins found at Pauoa a single specimen that may belong to it, but it has the thorax longer than the original type, now in the British Museum. Hab. Oahu. Unique; found under bark at an elevation of 1500 ft. (Blackburn). (8) Mctronicnus Icntiis, sp. nov. Piceus, capite thoraceque rufescentibus, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; pro- thorace parvo, basin versus angustato ; elytris sat profunde striatis. Long. 6 — 7 mm. One of the smallest of the genus ; with short antennae and legs. The thorax is narrow, much narrowed behind, the hind angles not rounded but definite and obtuse. The elytra are blackish, with the inflexed margin yellow, the tips narrowly j-ellow. The striation is rather deep but the interstices are not in the least convex. The tarsi are short with the sculpture on the upper surface very conspicuous, the fourth joint not in the least lobed. Very similar to Mesothriscus hamaiicnsis, but smaller and with shorter antennae. 1 have mentioned that Atclothrits hawaiiensis is also very similar. As the three examples of Jlletroiiieiins lentiis are the only trace we have of the existence of Rlctromcmis in Hawaii, it is not impossible that they may be depauperated examples of Atelothriis hawaiiensis, but I think this highly improbable. Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea, i^ miles on the Hilo road, August 1895, one specimen ; Kilauea in August and September 1896, one specimen on each occasion (Perkins) ; Hawaii, one specimen (Koebele). (9) Mctrovicnits cpiainis, Blackburn. Anchoiucims epicnnis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 145. This species may be recognised by its large size' and robust build, and by the rather dull surface and clear yellow legs. The inflexed margin of the elytra is yellowish, and on the upper surface this shows but little, the yellow colour there being confined to the fine groove inwards from the raised margin. There is no yellow colour at the tip. The surface of the elytra is more dull in the female than it is in the male, except near the tip, where in each sex the peculiar minute reticulation, on which the dullness depends, is very visible. These characters apply well to a large series of specimens from Halemano, from the Kaala mountains and from Kawailoa Gulch (in all about 100 specimens). From other localities there is but a small series, and though in each case the examples are some of ' Blackburn, 1. c, gives the length as 9 — <)\ mm., but I find it to be about SA mm. 236 FAUNA HAUAIIENSIS them more or less aberrant, they connect by means of intermediate examples with the type or with J/, vclox, a form doubtfully distinct from Af. epicuiiis. The most marked departure from the average are examples in which the tibiae are dark in colour, those of the hind legs being most conspicuously so: this condition I have labelled va.r./usii/>es. Should Af. velox prove to be not distinct, it is likely to be found connected by a series of these dark-lesfsred forms. Hab. Oahu. " Oahu mountains very local " (Blackburn). Halemano 2000 ft. in winter : Kaala mountains, 2000 ft., in winter : west head of the south branch of Kawailoa Gulch, in April : Waianae mountains in April : Honolulu mountains in April 1S96, three aberrant specimens. No. 681 : Honolulu mountains, August 1S96, one specimen: Wahiawa, April 1901, three specimens : Mokuleiia in April 1901 : Waialua in March : on Piptiirus, back of Tantalus, November 1900, four specimens, one very aberrant: Waianae mount- ains, 2000 — 5000 ft., February 1S96, 14 specimens more or less aberrant and approaching J/. y^/a.r( Perkins). No. 1262, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (10) Mctronienus velox, sp. nov. Niger, nitidus, antennis pedibusque testaceis, tibiis plus minusve infuscatis ; elytris margine externo angustissime flavo, sat profunde striatis, apicibus post sinuositatem parum elongatis : thorace versus margines rufescente. Long. 6^ — 7 mm. This is very closely allied to M. epicuriis, but is smaller, less robust, more shining black, and has the elytra more truncate behind : the thorax is shorter, and the legs more slender, and with the tibiae and the middle of the femora infuscate. H.-\.B. Oahu, Waianae mountains, lee side, February 1896, seventeen specimens. No. 542. Tliis will probably prove to be a form of M. epicurus ; it will be noticed that it is not stricdy localised, as M. epicm'us also occurs in the Waianae mountains. (11) JMctronieiuis fi-aternns, Blackburn. Anchovienus f rat emus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, P- i45- Of moderate size, rather depressed, moderately deeply striate, with broad yellow tip to the elytra ; this colour is continued forwards along the sides but fades out before reaching the shoulder, where only the upturned margin is pale. The species appears not to be very variable. The specimen found on Pipturits is very large. Hab. Oahu. Not rare : under bark of trees at an elevation of about 2000 ft. (Blackburn). Waianae mountains 2000 — 3000 ft., lee side, February 1S96, 32 specimens ; on Pipturiis, back of Tantalus, August 1900, one specimen ; ridge Ceryone, N. of Pauoa Vallev, November 1S92, one specimen (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 237 (12) JMetronieints fraiidato)', sp. nov. Nigerrimus, nitidus, antennis pedibusque (tibiis interdum) infuscatis ; prothorace subquadrato, basin versus leviter angustato, anguHs posterioribus obtusis ; elytris sat profunde striatis. Long. (y\ — 7 mm. Plate VI. fig. 18, vestigial wing. This species is more black and shining than most of its congeners. It has no specially characteristic feature so far as I can detect, and perhaps is nearest to M. meticulosus, but it is rather larger, and is of less depressed form with rather longer antennae and legs, and the thorax is less narrowed to the base, with the hind angles less rounded. In colour it seems very different. The epipleuron is yellowish, but this colour does not extend to the upper surface. It is more similar in appearance to Atelothrus filipes, but the side of the thorax stands up more at the hind angle, and the obtuseness of the hind angles is caused more by the narrowing of the sides and less by the curving forwards of the base, and the tarsi are not quite so slender. Thirty-six specimens. Hab. Molokai, 4000 ft., in May and June, 1893; Boggy plateau about 4000 ft., below the densest forest, June 1896 (Perkins). Nos. 1253, 1255, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (13) Metrometiiis mcerens, sp. nov. Niger, minus convexus, antennis testaceis articulo tertio infuscato, pedibus fusco- testaceis ; prothorace baud transverso basin versus parum angustato, angulis posterioribus haud rotundatis, parum obtusis ; elytris leviter striatis. Long. 8^ — 9 mm. A rather large Metromenus, with dark legs, and with the third (sometimes also the fourth) joint of the antennae darkened. The antennae and legs are rather long, the former about 5 mm. Head broad. Thora.x dark in colour with the margins scarcely at all paler, the breadth just perceptibly greater than the length, the base nearly as broad as the front margin, the hind angles nearly rectangular, but slightly obtuse. Elytra rather broad at the base, the angle at the junction of basal and lateral margins less prominent and acute than usual, the striation not deeply impressed ; the yellow colour but little developed on the epipleura and not extending to the upper surface. Femora broadly infuscate about the base, tibiae infuscate. Hind tarsi long and slender, their fourth joint rather longer than usual but not lobed. Fourteen specimens. This species is not very close to any other. In general form it has a good deal of resemblance to Plaiymis calathiformis. The variation does not seem to be great, but some specimens are more shining and have the elytra more deeply striate than others. H.^B. Molokai (Perkins). The localities the same as for M. fraudator. 238 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (14) Metroniemis pavidus sp. nov. Robustus, parum convexus, nitldus, niger, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; pro- thorace transverse, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis, subrotundatis ; elytris apice sinuatim subtruncato profunde striatis, interstitiis levissime convexis. Long. 7 — 8^ mm., lat. 3 — 3|- mm. Plate VI. fig. 13, hind foot. This very distinct Metromeniis is not closely allied to any other. The short prothorax (the breadth of which to the length is as about 6 to 5), the sinuate-truncate apices of the elytra and the shining black colour give it a slight resemblance to some of the shining species of Discnocluis. The tarsi are however distinctly grooved, and there is no real affinity with Disenochiis. The legs, antennae and palpi are bright yellow, the epipleuron is quite black. The fourth joint of the hind tarsus is small, not bilobed. The female has three setae on each side of the middle of the last ventral segment, and the elytra are more prolonged at the apices. A large series of about 240 examples has been obtained. The series does not exhibit much variation. Mesothj'isciis truncatus is so extremely similar to this insect, that I am doubtful whether it is more than a sport. If this be the case it is almost the only instance among the Hawaiian Carabidae of a species in which no thoracic setae usually exist offering abnormal specimens in which they are occasionally present. It is not uncommon for species that normally possess the seta to occasionally throw off individuals in which it is absent on one or (as an occurrence of extreme rarity) on both sides ; but the reverse case is exhibited only in this species (if M. truncatus be actually a sport) and possibly in the case of Mesothrisc2is collaris, which I have suggested may possibly be a sport of Metro- memis cinctiis, though I do not think it will prove to be so. Hab. Kauai; Waimea, 4000ft., May and June 1894, August 1896 (Perkins). (15) JMctrojucnus sphodfnforinis sp. nov. Elongatus, piceo-ferrugineus, vel ferrugineus, antennis pedibusque elongatis, flavis ; prothorace baud transverso, ad basin angusto, angulis posterioribus exactis, fere rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis. Long. 8 — 10 mm. Plate VI. fig. 10, individual from Molokai ; fig. 19, vestigial wing of example from Maui, {b) of example from Molokai. The elongate form, in conjunction with the large size, long antennae and legs, and comparatively narrow thorax readily distinguish this insect from the others of the genus (except M. ctncfiis). The antennae are nearly 6 mm. long ; the head is narrow. The thorax is never broader than long, and in some specimens is distinctly longer than broad, usually it is just perceptibly longer along the middle than it is broad ; it is much narrowed behind, and the hind angles are nearly rectangular, but just a little obtuse. The elytra COLEOPTERA 239 are long and narrow, their striation moderately fine. The long antennae and legs are clear yellow. This is a rare species, but Mr Perkins has obtained in all 2,"] specimens that I attribute to it. If I am correct in treating them all as one species, it is a variable one, and one that occurs in two islands, viz. Molokai and Maui. The specimens from Molokai vary to some e.xtent in the shape of the thorax and the depth of the striae of the elytra. The e.xamples from Maui also vary a little in these respects ; they have on the whole the thora.x a little broader, and its hind-angles very sharply defined, but these characters — bearing in mind the variation — are not sufficiently marked to justify treatment of the two as distinct. I have examined the vestigial wings in one of the Molokai (Plate \T. fig. 19a) e.xamples, and find that they are peculiar in being about twice as long as is usual in Metromenus, they e.xtend considerably beyond the spiracle and are fully i mm. long instead of half a millimetre as is the rule in most of the other flightless .species. I have also examined (Plate Yl. fig. 19) the.se organs in a specimen from Haleakala. Maui, and find that they are distinctly larger than they are in the Molokai specimen, being about li mm. long. This does not seem to be beyond the limits of variation, and, unless it should be confirmed as a constant distinction after the e.xamination of more in- dividuals, cannot be considered an evidence of the two forms being distinct. H.\B. Molokai, Maui. Molokai, 4000 — 5000 tt. on several occasions, but very rare (Perkins). Maui, Haleakala, 3000 — 5000 ft., on several occasions, but always rare (Perkins). (16) Mctromcims cine tits sp. nov. Elongatus, piceo-ferrugineus, antennis pedibusque elongatis flavis ; elytris ad apicem et ad latera testaceo-cinctis ; prothorace hand transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus perfecte rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis. Long. 9 — 10 mm. This is distinguished from .some of the specimens of M. sphodriforniis only by the elytra being broadly and definitely pale at the tips ; this yellow colour also extends for- wards along the sides. We have received only a small series of ten specimens, and it is doubtful whether it may prove distinct from M. spliodriformis. 1 have suggested (but with the greatest doubt) that Mesothriscus collaris ma)' be a sport of this species. H.\B. Molokai, 4000 — 5000 ft., June 1893 (Perkins). (17) Mctro))ienus fossipcnnis. Blackburn. Anchovifnus fossipennis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 146. A rather small Metromenus of dull red colour, with deeply striated el)tra, and witli F. 11. III. 31 240 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS the foveae thereon deep and remarkably conspicuous. The thorax is transverse, scarcely narrower at the base than in front. W.\Y>. Oahu. Not rare, generally in company with M. nmtabilis (Blackburn). Near Honolulu, rare (Perkins). (i8) Mitronienus bardns, Blackburn. Anchomenus bardns Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 146. This is a peculiar species of dull brown colour, with broad convex, deeply striated elytra, and transverse thorax which is just perceptibly broader at the base than at the front angles. It is apparently extremely rare. Hab. Oahu. Mountains (Blackburn) : Mountains near Honolulu, 2000 — 3000 ft. (Perkins). (19) Metronicmis oceanicus, Blackburn. Anchomemis oceanicus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 146. This remarkable insect has not been found by Mr Perkins and remains unique. It has an extremely narrow, long head. Hab. Oahu. "Mountains, apparently very rare" (Blackburn). (20) Metromemis fugitivus, Blackburn. Anchomemis fugitivtis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 147. Similar to AI. fraternus in colour, but with very deeply striated elytra and a broader thorax. Hab. Oahu. Rare, 2000 ft. (Blackburn). Under stones in wet gulches of Koolau Range, far back of Waialua, 2000 ft., January 1893. Mountains near Honolulu, July. Wahiawa, April. On Piptiinis, back of Tantalus. Always rare (Perkins). (21) Metromemis protervus, Blackburn. Anchomemis protenms Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 145. This also is a species with deeply striate elytra, which are yellow to a small extent at the tip. It differs much from A. fugitivus by the narrow head and thorax. Hab. Oahu. In various localities on the mountains but not common, under bark (Blackburn). Behind Pauoa valley. Mountains near Honolulu. On Piptiints back of Tantalus. Very rare (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 241 (22) Afefromciuis iuncipcnnis, Blackburn. AnchoDicnus cmieipennis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 146. A very distinct species of elongate form, not at all depressed, of black, not very- shining, colour, with narrow head, thora.x not transverse, and deeply striated elytra, the interstices evidently convex. It occurs in several localities but apparently only in very small numbers. H.\B. Oahu. "Mountains" (Blackburn). Halemano, 2000 ft.: iNlountains near Honolulu. Rare (Perkins). (23) Metroiiicntts perpolitns, sp. no\'. Nigerrimus, politus, antennis pedibusque fusco-testaceis ; prothorace basin versus angustato, lateribus rotundatis, angulis posterioribus rotundato-obtusis ; elytris disco sulcato, exterius striis obsoletis. Long. 8 mm. One of the most distinct species, recognisable by the deep black, highly polished surface, and the peculiar striation of the elytra ; near the suture the striae are deeply impressed and the interstices convex, while more externally the striae are altogether obsolete. This is one ot the rarest as well as most remarkable of the Hawaiian Carabidae. Only three specimens have been found and I have been able to examine its structure far from thoroughly. The tarsal grooves are excessively obscure, but I think really exist on the outer side of the basal joint, and I therefore place the species in this division of the Hawaiian Carabidae. In general form as well as some other characters it makes a certain approach to Disenochus (cf. D. aterrinuts). H.\B. Oahu. Wahiawa (Perkins). (24) JMetronicmis limbatits sp. nov. Sat depressus, nitidus, flavescens, capite, thoracis disco elytrisque piceis, his late testaceo-limbatis ; elytris sulcatis, interstitiis angulatim elevatis. Long. 6 — 7 mm. ; lat. vix 2|- mm. This resembles no other species of the genus but approximates by its peculiar sculpture to the aberrant forms of Mesothrisats and Atclothrits that inhabit the same island — Kauai. The thorax is evidently shorter than broad, a good deal narrowed behind but scarcely at all sinuate, the front angles scarcely at all prominent, the side-margin behind the middle more elevated, the disc with a broad vague longitudinal depression, the hind angles broadly rounded. Elytra broadly yellow at the tip at sides, shining, black or piceous except as mentioned, and that the suture and basal margin are also yellow ; the)' have no true striae, but there are seven longitudinally elevated ridges, the summit of each being sharp ; the tip is slightly sinuate on each side, not truncate. The legs and antennae are bright yellow ; the undersurface is broadly yellow laterally, but is infuscate 242 FAUX A HAWAIIENSIS along the middle. The fourth tarsal joint seen from beneath is only a little emarginate. The female has three setae on each side of the extremity of the abdomen. This species may be very easily confounded with those examples of Atelothrus transiens that are most brightly coloured ; but independently of the entire absence of any pits for the reception of setae on the thorax, this part is shorter and broader, and the elytra are polished, without the dulness arising from the minute sculpture of A. transiens. The yellow margin of the body is always broader than it is in A. transiens. The two species have not been found in company. A good series of about 65 specimens was obtained. Hab. Kauai; at an elevation of about 4000 ft. Waimea, May and June 1S94; Koholuamano, April and October 1S95 ; and on the high plateau in August, September and October 1896 (Perkins). Division 2. Lateral margin of elytra but little curved in at the shoulders, the basal margin much extended laterally and with sharply marked angle. Thorax with a straight base received on the base of the elytra. (25) Metronieniis /atifrons sp. nov. Robustus, piceus, parum nitidus, antennis pedibusque sordide testaceis ; capite lato ; prothorace transverso, angulis posterioribus recti!;. Long. 7 mm. Antennae moderately long and stout. Thorax distinctly broader than long, base straight, sides straight behind, a little narrowed in front so that the base is distinctly broader than the apex. Elytra dull, the groove at the outer margin near the shoulders strongly developed, and its red colour striking. The striae are rather deep behind. Fourth joint of hind tarsus longer than broad, not bilobed. The small series of nine specimens exhibits a good deal of variation in the width of the thorax. They were nearly all found as single specimens on different occasions. Hab. Molokai. Mountains, 4000 — 5000 ft. (Perkins). Nos. 1254, 1256, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (26) Metromen7is ca/at/ioidcs sp. nov. Ruio-piceus, nitidus, antennis pedibusque flavis ; capite angusto ; prothorace basin versus latiore : elytris minus profunde striatis. Long. 7 mm. One ot the most distinct species of the genus ; with a narrow head and a thora.x considerably wider at the base than in front ; the species it most resembles is Mesothriscns »ncrops. Antennae rather slender. Head long and narrow, eyes but little convex. Thorax becoming broader from apex to base, the sides slightly curvate, behind much elevated, hind angles rectangular. .Sides of the elytra somewhat widely explanate. Tarsi slender, fourth joint long. One male specimen. Hab. Kauai. "Hal. 4000ft. 5, '95" (Perkins). I have no doubt this label refers to Halemanu in Kauai. COLEOPTERA 243 Group P TER OS TIC HIDES. This is one of the most enormous of the divisions of Carabidae, but in the Hawaiian islands comprises only a small group of closely allied forms. They may be easily recognised by the " fault " in the margins of the elytra (Plate VI. fig. i 2). The genera I adopt are ot the simplest kind depending entirely on the thoracic setae. No prothoracic seta Metrothorax. One prothoracic seta, at hind angle Atelothorax. One prothoracic seta, at middle of side Tliriscothora.x. Two prothoracic setae, one at hind angle, one at middle Meiydothorax. Mecvclothokax, gen. nov. Prothorax utrinque setis duabus munitus, una ad angulum posteriorem, altera paulo ante medium lateris sita. Alae vestigiales. This genus includes a considerable variety of forms all of which are distinguished by their atrophied wings from the antipodean genus Cyclotliorax, which seems to be the only nearly allied form yet known. It is very difficult to tabulate the species, but the following may serve as a key to the arrangement here adopted. Small forms with a decidedly transverse, non-cordate thorax (Plate VII. tig. 4), which is never furnished with a distinct neck or basal constriction species i — 8. Larger, but otherwise as above %'^tc\t% (), M.bradycellinus. Small forms, with narrow base to the thorax, and sharp posterior angles ; this group leads by gradations to the group with cordate thorax, but has the thorax shorter in proportion to the width species 10 to 14. Species with cordate thorax, i.e. a neck, or basal constriction (Plate VII. fig. 6) species 15 to 18. Larger forms with broad base to thorax and elytra (if the base of thorax is narrow, M. pele, montivagus, l>cinbidiciis, there is no neck to it) species 19 to 30. {a) sculpture of elytra abnormal, the foveoles being more or less increased in number or size species 19 to 22. (b) sculpture simple species 23 to 30. (i) Alecyclotliorax pitsillns sp. nov. Angustus, subparallelus, piceus, antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis, elytrorum mar- ginibus suturaque rufescentibus, apice testaceo ; thorace fortiter transverse, ante basin hand constricto, basi lata, punctata ; elytris subtilissime striatis, striis subtiliter punctatis, ■ •xterne desinentibus, apicem versus obsoletis. Long. 3^ — 2i\ mm. Plate VH. fig. 4. The smallest of the group, and readily recognised by the fine very regular series of punctures on the elytra ; of these series there are six, but the outer one is very fine, and much abbreviated, and there is no trace of a seventh ; at the tip only the sutural two can 244 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS be seen. The thorax is not greatly narrower than the elytra, and is more gently narrowed behind than in most of the other species, the base being broad. Twenty-three specimens. This is only likely to be confounded with M. ntsticus, but the much narrower elytra, with the punctures very fine and more obliterated at the tip, readily distinguish it : there is almost a complete absence of real striation, the sculpture consisting of series of fine punctures. This distinguishes the species from M. angtisticollis. Hab. Maui. Haleakala: 9000 — 1 0000 ft., April 1894; "above the forest," one specimen (Perkins). No. 1263, Prof. Thaxter for Laboullieniaceae. (2) Mecyclothorax nuhicola, Blackburn. Cyclothorax imbicola Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1877, p. 156. Cyclofhorax ritpicola (in error) Sharp and Blackburn, Trans. Dublin Soc. (2) in. 1S85, pp. 216 and 276. This insect is known only from a single specimen found by Mr Blackburn 25 or 30 years ago. I have examined this specimen, and find that it is nearest to M.pnsilliis, but is considerably larger and more elongate, and of a pale reddish colour. It may prove to be a very aberrant form of M. pusillus but at present we have nothing to connect the two. Hab. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn). (3) Mecyclothorax rnsticus, sp. nov. Colore variabilis; piceus vel piceo-rufus, interdum nigricans, elytrorum sutura margini- busque rufis; haud angustus ; antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis ; thorace transverso. basin versus sat angustato, ante basin haud constricto ; elytris seriebus 4 vel 5 punctorum minus subtilibus sed ante apicem obsolescentibus, ibidem striis subtilibus. Long. 4 mm. The after body in this species is of more oblong form than it is in M. iiiicaiis, the thorax is rather longer and less rounded at the sides, and the elytral punctuation is coarser and more effaced. The colour is usually obscure red, or piceous, but sometimes is black. Thriscothorax apicalis is also very similar to M. rustictis, but besides the chaetotaxal distinction it always has a remarkably definite pale patch at the tip of the elytra. M. piisi/iiis is smaller and narrower and has series of punctures, rather than punctate striae on the elytra. Many specimens. Hab. Maui. Haleakala. About the crater ; in April and October (Perkins). (4) Mecyclothorax micans Blackburn. Cyclothorax n/icans Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1877, p. 122. Niger, nitidus, subdepressus, antennis rufis, pedibus flavis ; thorace fortiter trans- verso, laterijjus multum rotundatis, ante basin nullo modo constricto, basi lata ; elytris COLEOPTERA 245 latiusculis, nitidis, seriebus 4 vel 5 punctorum ad apicem desinentibus ; pedibus dubilibus. Long. 4 mm. The varieties of M. ntsticiis, tliat are short in form, and dark in colour, resemble this a good deal ; but M. inicans can be readily distinguished by its shorter form, shining black surface, yellow legs, and shorter thorax. The legs are always shorter and more slender than they are in M. ntsticiis. The elytral punctuation is of a kind that reappears quite a number of times throughout the allied genera, it consists of series of punctures abbreviated at both base and apex (the sutural one being however entire) and becoming shorter gradually so that the fifth or sixth can scarcely be detected : these punctures are usually placed in indistinct striae. Fifty or sixty specimens. Mr Blackburn's description is not very characteristic. The specimen in his collection at the British Museum is however this species. He originally captured two specimens, but I have not been able to ascertain the fate of the second individual. In this very difficult genus it is possible that the two specimens alluded to may have been different species, it being in several cases very difficult to decide from single specimens. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 9000 ft. (Blackburn). Haleakala, 9000 — 10000 ft. (Perkins). (5) Mecyclothorax iiiicrops sp. nov. Rufo-piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; prothorace vix transverso, lateribus posterius leniter angustatis, angulis posterioribus brevissime denticulato-rectis ; elytris quinque-striatis, striis punctatis. Long. 4:|: mm. This obscure form appears by the shape of the thorax to connect the AI. nisticns group of species with M. laetiis. It is I think nearer allied to the first-mentioned forms, from which it is distinguished by the thorax being considerably narrower in proportion to its length, as well as by a different shape of the elytra and other parts. The head is narrow. The thorax is considerably narrower than the elytra, with the sides gently rounded and but little narrowed behind, where they are however slightly sinuate, there is an extremely minute projection of the setigerous hind angle and this prevents the angle from being obtuse ; the surface is shining, the lateral margin very fine, the median channel rather deep, not extending to the base, the transverse anterior impression less deep : the length of the thorax is only very slightly less than the width. The elytra are moderately rounded at the shoulders, and each bears five striae, these striae are not very definite at the base and are fine at the tip but they are very distinctly punctate, and there is a subobsolete si.xth stria. We have only one specimen, in rather bad preservation. Hak. Alolokai. Kalawao, ist August, 1893 (Perkins). (6) Mccyclothorax ohscnricornis, sp. nov. Nigricans, elytris late, sed minus definite testaceo-limbatis, pedibus antennisque fusco-testaceis, his ad basin anguste rufis ; prothorace transverso, basi angusta, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis fere impunctatis. Long. 3^ mm. 246 FAUNA HAWAIIHXSIS A most obscure little form ; resembling most T. obscuricolor, but with a shining surface, and broad yellow outer margin on the elytra ; bearing also some resemblance to M. daptinus. but with the thorax not strigose, and the elytra less deeplj- striate. The antennae are obscure in colour, only the basal joint being yellow. Thorax shining ; transverse, much narrowed behind, hind angles obtuse or almost acute on account of the minute prominence for the insertion of the seta : the surface has a just perceptible metallic tinge ; the transversion impression and median channel definite. The elytra are yellowish but each has a very large black patch occupying the greater part of the surface, and leaving the suture pale, as well as the lateral margins ; the striae are deep, and a very feeble punctuation can be traced. The legs are entirely yellow. We have only two examples of this species, but I have recently received a third taken by a friend of Mr Perkins on Haleakala last year. It is a marked variety, very small, and has the black colour of the upper surface very definite w^ithout any brassy tinge, and the striae distinctly punctate. Hab. Maui. Haleakala. 4000 — 5000 ft., April 1S94 (Perkins). (7) Mccyclothorax angusticollis, Blackburn. Cyclotliorax aiignsticollis Hlackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1S77, p. 156. One of the smallest forms : red, largely picescent or black, leaving the margins of the thorax and elytra red ; the latter have the striae deep, but the outer one (the seventh) obsolete ; the striae are punctate ; the antennae and legs very short. The thorax is not narrow, but strongly transverse. The species may be readily distinguished from M. piisillus by the colour and by the deep striation. AI. obscitricornis is similar but has the thorax strongly narrowed behind. About 30 specimens. H.\B. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn). Haleakala, 400 — 500 ft., on several occasions in the first half of the year. L'nder stones, in moss etc. (Perkins). (8) Mccyclothorax hicolor, sp. nov. Rufus, nitidus, elytris late nigricantibus : prothorace fortiter transverso. lateribus rotundatis, basin versus parum angustato, basi lata, angulis posterioribus denticulato- rectis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis subcrenatis sed hand punctatis. Long. 3^ mm. This is only half the size of J/, bradycellimis. the species it most resembles. It is broader than J/, ans^usticollis. with longer antennae and leq;s and rather more rounded sides to the thorax, and has deeper striation on the elytra ; the form of the thorax is quite different from that of M. daptinus (which has \er)- deeply striated elytra). The thorax is not greatly narrower than the elytra ; its anterior impression and the median channel are deep, the punctate basal area is small and bears but few punctures. The COLEOPTERA 247 elytra are shining, blackish, with the suture and outer margin red, but not red at the tip ; the eight striae are entire and very deep. The under surface entirely red. We have only two examples of this species but it is clearly distinct from any other, and seems to come very naturally between M. angiisticollis and M. bradycellinus. Hab. Molokai, 4000 ft., June 1896 (Perkins). (9) Mecyclothorax bradycellinus, sp. nov. Sat elongatus, nitidus, rufus, thorace medio et disco elytri singuli picescentibus ; thorace fortiter transverse, lateribus rotundatis, angulis posterioribus perfectis sed subobtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. 4^ mm. Plate VII. fig. 5. This is another peculiar and distinct species ; the seta at angle of the thorax is but small, and the orifice it leaves on removal from the hind-margin is so slight that the species may without a careful examination be only too probably referred to Thriscothorax. The thorax is very strongly transverse, but little narrower than the elytra, a good deal rounded at the sides and narrowed behind, but without constriction ; the anterior im- pression definite, the median channel continued to the base ; the sides are much spread out, but not much turned up ; their colour is much more dilute than the picescent middle parts ; the base moderately punctate. Elytra rather long, each picescent or black with the suture and margins red ; the striae are very deep, and all the eight are entire from the base to the extremity : they are distinctly punctate or crenate. Three specimens. Hab. Molokai, 4000 ft., June 1896 (Perkins). (lOj Alecyclothorax laetiis, sp. nov. Rufus, elytris (marginibus exceptis) interdum picescentibus, antennis, palpis pedi- busque testaceis ; prothorace ad basin breviter constricto, angulis posterioribus perfecte rectis ; elytris subtiliter striatis, striis subtilissime punctatis, externis perobsoletis ; antennis pedibusque brevibus. Long. 4 — 4^ mm. Allied to J\l. koiianiis and cyinindiciis though with very different sculpture. Antennae short, yellow. Head rather narrow. Thorax with the base narrower than the front, with the sides rounded and sinuate behind, so that there is present a distinct basal constricted part ; the transverse anterior impression is obsolete, the median channel distinct, the base flat and but little punctate. The sides and suture of the elytra are paler than the discoidal parts ; the striation is very fine, but even the seventh stria can be detected. A small series. This must not be confounded with M. ntsticns, which has no constricted base of the thorax, and has also the punctures of the elytral striae much coarser. The species has an extreme resemblance to Thriscothorax lactns, but it usualK' has the base of the thorax more distinctly constricted : this character is however variable, F. H. III. 32 248 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS and it may be that, as I have suggested may be the case with AI. robiishis and T. robustus, they are dimorphic forms of one species. It seems probable that, however this may be, the two rarely occur together. The following are the particulars about our small series of 13 specimens. Haleakala, 5000ft., i April 1894 No. 371; two specimens, one of these is a most remarkable aberration, the seta on the left side coming not from the hind angle but from a little distance in front of the normal situation, the specimen is small, very narrow, with strongly cordate thorax : Haleakala, Maui, 4500 — 6000 ft., March 1894 No. 383 ; one specimen, highly aberrant and possibly a distinct species, being large, convex, with elongate convex thorax and more distinct striae : Haleakala, 4000 ft., May 1896 No. 597 ; one specimen : Haleakala, 5000 ft., October 1896 No. 661; seven specimens: Haleakala, 4000ft., October 1896 No. 680; one specimen: Lahaina, W. Maui, December 1896 (Koebele) ; one specimen, abnormal, the thorax formed as in T. laetus though the setae are perfectly developed. For particulars as to Thriscothorax laetus see that species. Hab. Maui. Haleakala and Lahaina, as above (Perkins). (11) Mecyclothorax koiiaiiiis, sp. nov, Rufo-piceus, elytris subaenescentibus, antennis rufis, basi, palpis pedibusque tes- taceis ; prothorace transverso, haud cordato, angulis posterioribus minutissime prominulis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis septima et octava subobsoletis. Long. 4^ mm. Closely allied to iM. cyiiiindicii-s, but with the thorax not all sinuate at the sides behind, the posterior angles being only made prominent and rectangular by a very minute projection of the angle itself The elytra are much less perfectly sculptured, the striation being less deep, and the outer striae indistinct. The thorax is much narrowed behind, so that the width at the base is less than that at the front angles. Two specimens. H.\B. Hawaii. Kilauea, August 1895 (Perkins). (12) Mecyclothorax cyniindicus, sp. nov. Rufescens, supra subaeneus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; pro- thorace transversim subcordato, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris regulariter per- profunde striatis, striis punctatis. Long. 4^ mm. A distinct species ; rather flat ; distinguished by the rufescent colour, which becomes rather strongly brassy above and by the remarkably regular and deep striation. The antennae are rather short and stout. The thorax is moderately rounded at the sides and narrowed behind, and just before the hind angles is sinuate, so that the angles are rectangular, though there is no real constriction ; the base has a few punctures and is depressed on each side, the median channel and the anterior impression are deep, the COLEOPTERA 249 latter feebly strigose. The elytra are rather broad at the shoulders, and all the striae are remarkably deep, distinct and regular from base to apex ; a feeble crenation or punctuation is seen in the depth of each stria. Legs short and stout. Six specimens. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., October 1896 (Perkins). (13) MecyclofhoTax daptimis, sp. nov. Nigricans, antennarum basi palpis pedibusque testaceis ; prothorace transverso, basin versus fortiter angustato, supra transversim rugoso ; elytris ad latera late testaceo- limbatis, profunde striatis, striis haud punctatis. Long. i\ mm. One of the smallest of this division ; very distinct. Antennae dark, yellow only at the extreme base. Thorax small, very strongly narrowed behind, so that the base is narrow, hind angles obtuse not at all rounded ; the upper surface covered with fine transverse wrinkles, the median channel distinct, the anterior impression and the basal sculpture indefinite, the lateral margin but little raised even at the hind angle. Elytra strongly rounded at the shoulders, yellow, each with a very large black mark near the suture (the two black marks separated only by the yellow suture), very deeply and, for the size of the insect, broadly striate, so that the striae appear crowded. Undersurface of head reddish. Legs clear yellow ; ventral segments more or less yellow at the hind margins. Forty specimens. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., April and June 1894 (Perkins). (14) Mecyclothorax inaeqnalis, Blackburn. Cyclotkorax inaeqita/is Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1877, p. 157. A beautiful and very distinct insect ; the upper surface of a peculiar submetallic coloration and very dull ; the elytra have several foveoles on the third interstice and others on the fifth ; the striae are subobsolete and irregular, and are rendered more indistinct by the peculiar " bloom " of the surface. The thorax is transverse with a somewhat narrow base, and a short constricted basal part, with the hind-angles rect- angular. The species may therefore be considered as one with cordate thorax. It is apparently very rare. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 ft. (Blackburn, Perkins). (15) JMccyclothorax vitlcanus, Blackburn. Cyclotkorax viilcanus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 108. I can give but little information as to this species. I have before me four individuals that I refer to it with confidence. According to them it is a species with a general resemblance in colour and form to Thriscothorax iinctus but with a longer thorax, the 2 50 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS head and thorax are red or nearly black, as the case may be ; the thorax is rather long, gently narrowed behind, with however only an imperfectly formed constricted basal part. The elytra are shining, rather flat, with very definite yellow margin, and with about five series of fine punctures, the outer two of which are extremely abbreviated and indistinct ; the legs are red, with a broad infuscation of the tibiae, which however is variable. Besides these there are four or five specimens that may belong to the species, but if they do it must be an extremely unstable one. Mr Blackburn says if he understands it right, " the species has the unusual character of extreme variableness in the striation of the elytra." Hab. Hawaii. Mauna Loa, under bark near the mouth of the crater Kilauea (Blackburn). Kilauea, in August 1895, 1896; Kona, Sept. 1892, 4000 ft. (Perkins). The specimens from Kona are those that doubtfully pertain to the species. (16) Mecyclothorax ovipennis, sp. nov. Fusco-testaceus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, elytris ad apicem late pallidis ; prothorace cordato, basi elongata; elytris ovatis, convexiusculis, subtiliter striatis, striis vix perspicue punctatis. Long. 4 — 4^ mm. Plate VII. fig. 6. A rather narrow species, less dark in colour than usual, with narrow, convex elytra, and the neck formed by the base of the thorax unusually long. The thorax is much rounded at the sides, near the base parallel-sided, the hind angles rectangular, almost acute ; the surface somewhat shining, very finely wrinkled on the disc ; the anterior impression obscured by longitudinal strigosities, the median channel distinct, the base not much punctate. Elytra narrow and convex, almost regularly oval, their colour in large part dark, but largely yellow at the tip, the yellow colour extending somewhat forwards along the suture and sides ; they are finely striate, six striae on each are distinct, the outer or seventh stria indistinct. Legs pale yellow. About fifty specimens. The species varies much as to the depth of the dark colour, but not much in other respects. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 — 6000 ft., March 1894 (Perkins). Nos. 1266, 1267, Prof. Thaxter for Laboulbeniaceae. (17) Mecyclothorax iterahis, sp. nov. Elongatus, niger, elytris viridi-micantibus, palpis, antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis, tibiis plus minusve fuscescentibus, antennis extrorsum obscuris ; thorace elongato, basi constricta subelongataque, lateribus tenuissime marginatis ; elytris fere estriatis, sericeo-micantibus. Long. 5^ — 6 mm. Head broad, with prominent eyes, basal three joints of antennae pale red, the others more ob.scure. Thorax elongate, with a comparatively long and abrupt basal \ COLEOPTERA 251 part ; shining blark. the base much punctate, the anterior impression marked with longitudinal strigositi'tS. the median channel fine. Elytra rather elongate, narrow at the shoulder, of a peculiar Pjeenish-black colour, with a silky reflection, almost without sculpture ; traces of series of v'^O' fine punctures can sometimes be detected, as well as a slight appearance of ridges thac have been eflaced, and so scarcely separate grooves that are hardly perceptible. Leo-s ve^V slender, yellow, with the knees and tibiae more or less infuscate. This species has a superficial resemblaiiT-e to Metrothorax haleakalae, but differs in many points, independently of the generic character. The thoracic setae are very long, but are only too easily removed after death. The- small series of ten examples shows very little variation. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000—5000 ft., on several'" r>fraSionb /P^^.l^ins). (18) Mccyclot/iorax ocjilafus, sp. no v. Elongatus, niger, elytris viridi-micantibus, apice summo testaceo, antennis palpis pedibusque rufis ; thorace elongato, basi constricta subelongataque, lateribus tenuissime marginatis, margine flavescente ; elytris subtiliter seriatim punctatis. Long. 5^ — 6 mm. Closely allied to J/, iteratiis, but not so deeply black in colour, the elytral tips and the margin, and even the thoracic margin, flavescent, the elytra with five distinct, abbre- viated series of fine punctures. Besides this the form is a little different, the elytra being broader behind the middle. One of the finest of the species ; the head broad with largely developed eyes. The constricted basal part of the thorax elongate, the anterior impression strigose, the median channel fine. This species was discovered in 1902 by Mr Perkins; he captured two specimens on Molokai at an elevation of about 4000 ft. Hab. Molokai; as above (Perkins). (19) Mccyclothorax loiignlus, sp. nov. Angustus, haud nitidus, nigricans, supra capite medioque thorace jsicescentibus ; thorace lato, valde transverso, fere elytrorum latitudine, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris subtiliter striatis, foveolis quatuor sat magnis, et ante apicem impressione utrinque. Long. 4^ mm. Allied to M. sobrimis, yet very distinct, smaller, narrower, with the thorax almost as broad as the elytra, and no metallic lustre. We have only one specimen ; it is a male with sexual characters similar to those of Jl. sobi-iinis, the front tarsi being distinctly dilated and the front femora much thickened. The elytra get a little broader from the shoulders to behind the middle. The striation of the elytra is very shallow except at the tip, the outer striae being obsolete except there. The four foveoles of the elytra 252 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS are larger than normal, but in this respect are not at all comparabj^e with the large deep depressions of M. inultipimctatus and M. sobrinus. One sp/^cimen. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., 6. iv. 1894 (Perkiifs). (20) RIecyclothorax iniilfipnncfay;,,^, Blackburn. Cyclothorax niultipunctatns Blackburn, Ent;^. 'Mo. Mao-, xv. 1S78, p. 122. Readily distinguished from JM. sobrinni by its smaller size, more shining elytra, and the fact that the elytra foveoles are ip.creased in number by additions placed laterally. It is apparently e.xtremely rare, only four examples being known. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, tv^r:, examples, at an elevation of about 4000 ft. ( Blackburn). Haleakala, 4500 ft., 2.a, iii. j8;^'4, and 4000 ft. in May 1896 (Perkins). (21) Mecyclot/i07-ax interntptiis, sp. nov. Elongatus, nigricans, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, elytris fuscis, margine late rufescente ; prothorace magno, transverso, basin versus sat angustato, angulis posterioribus denticulato-rectis ; elytris profunde striatis, ultra medium striis tertia et quarta interruptis, interstitiis tertio et quinto propter hoc conjunctis. Long. 5^ mm. A very peculiar form, exhibiting as it were the earliest form of the peculiarity of sculpture that is developed in such a remarkable manner by T. pcrkinsi and T. laticollis. The antennae are rather long, dusky, the basal joint yellow, the following two dusky reddish. The thorax is broad, not greatly narrower than the elytra, blackish, with the sides narrowly yellow, and the base somewhat yellowish ; the hind-angles would be obtuse, were it not that the angle itself is a little prominent and sharp ; the anterior depression is very deep, and so is the median channel, but it is not continued to the base. The elytra are deeply striate, all the eight striae being entire, they are not punctate, though their margins are slightly waved ; the anterior foveole on the third interstice is very definite, the posterior foveole is followed by an irregularity of sculpture, an isthmus connecting the third and fourth striae ; there may be one or two other similar irregularities of sculpture present ; the colour is blackish about the suture, with the outer margin broadly reddish. Van integer van nov. Formae typicae affinis ; elytrorum striis tertia quartaque haud interruptis. Van dubiiis van nov. Formae typicae affinis sed minor, supra aenescens, elytris minus profunde striatis, striis tertia quartaque haud interruptis, margine externo angustissime flavo. The.se three varieties were not found in company. The type form was found in May 1896, number 680; the van integer in October 1896, the van dubitis in May 1896, but as numbers 622 and 623. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 ft.. May and October 1896 (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 253 (22) Mccyclothoi-ax sobrinns, sp. nov. Nigricans, supra fusco-subaeneus, parum nitidus. antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, femoribus fusco-plagiatis ; prothorace fortiter transverse ; elytris foveolis quatuor magnis, et versus apicem utrinque impressis, subtiliter striatis, striis impunctatis, externis obsolescentibus. Long. 6 — 6^ mm. Antennae elongate ; head broad. Thorax very strongly transverse, the sides but little rounded, only moderately narrowed behind, the hind angles slightly prominent so as to be minutely rectangular ; the surface with a dull silky lustre, the transverse impression and the median channel distinct, the base but little punctate, the lateral margin moderate. Elytra rather long, not much rounded at the shoulders, of a peculiar pale-reddish, obscure colour with slight metallic reflections, the foveoles very large and deep; the ante-apical impression very strongly marked. In the male the femora are thicker, the front femora beinij verv thick; the front tarsi are more perceptibly dilated than they are in most of the other species. The four examples obtained of this remarkable species are rather immature and in bad condition. It is doubtless distinct from J/, vtulfipunctatiis, the elytral foveoles not being laterally duplicate. One individual has a supernumerary foveole on the right elytron placed some distance in front of the anterior foveole. Hab. JNIaui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., in March and April 1894 (Perkins). (23) Mccyclothorax Dtontivagiis, Blackburn. Cyclotliorax inontivagns Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1S78, p. 122. Olisthopits insularis Karsch (nee Motsch.), Berlin. Ent. Zeit. xxv. 1881, p. i. This species is easily recognised. It is of rather large size, and depressed form, with short broad head, strongly transverse thorax, which is greatly rounded at the sides and much narrowed behind, and each elytron has six abbreviated series of coarse punctures. It is extremely variable, and I have noticed several curious aberrations of sculpture and colour. It appears to be one of the commonest Carabids on Haleakala; Mr Perkins has fifteen records of it from there, and it occurs from 4000 to 10,000 ft. It would be very remarkable if it should also occur on the island of Hawaii. Mr Perkins has a specimen labelled " Kilauea, Hawaii, without date." Thus considerable doubt attaches to this individual. Curiously the species is also recorded from Hawaii in the papers by Mr Blackburn and myself, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) iii. 188=^ op. 214 and 276. I can, however, find no direct record of its occurrence th _, oy Mr Blackburn, and I think this is therefore probably an error, arising maybe from a hasty determination of M. pele, the Hawaiian ally of M. inoiitivag..^. Under these circumstances I shall consider J/, montivagus as a species peculiar to the island of Maui until satisfactory evidence of its occurrence on Hawaii is forthcoming:. 2 54 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS M. niontivagiis in its general appearance bears a great resemblance to the Australian and New Zealand species Cyclothoraxjnsularis, and, as noticed above, was recorded by Karsch as being actually the antipodean species. I find, however, that the wings in it are as fully aborted as they are in the other Hawaiian forms, whereas they are perfectly developed in the antipodean forms. Whether the Australian and New Zealand species are really one, as has been supposed, only indirectly concerns us, but I may mention that I believe they will prove to be distinct. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 ft. (Blackburn) (Karsch as Olisthopus insjtlaris). Haleakala, 4000 — 10,000 ft. on several occasions (Perkins). — ? Hawaii (cf above). No. 1269, Prof Tha.xter for Laboulbeniaceae. (24) Alccvclothorax pelc, Blackburn. CyclotJiorax pele Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 107. This is undoubtedly closely allied to M. iiioiitwagits, though its recognition is extremely easy by " facies " when the two are known. AI. pele is a little narrower and considerably more conve.x transversely, its legs and antennae are considerably stouter, and are more red than yellow, the legs are often blackened on the femora and tibiae, and the surface is intensely black, with a glassy appearance : the thorax is much narrower and more convex, and the hind angles are less prominent : the punctures of the elytra are larger and deeper. Although J/, luoiitivagus is variable, the variation does not tend towards M. pele, and there is no example about which a mistake could be possible. M. pele is apparently rare, but has been found several times at the crater of Mauna Loa, called Kilauea, in August and September. Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea (Blackburn and Perkins). (25) Mecyclothorax bevibidicus, sp. nov. Robustus, niger, elytris obscure aeneis, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, his plus minusve fuscescentibus ; prothorace transverso, basin versus angustato, haud sinuato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis integris, crenato- punctatis. Long. ^\ mm. A very distinct species ; differs from A/, pele by the deep striae of the elytra, which extend from base to tip, and from M. robustus by the deep striation and the unsinuate sides of the thorax. The elytra are very broad, about twice as broad as the thorax, and their eight deep striae are also rather broad, and are very deep even at the tip, they are of a brassy colour, but dull. The thorax is a good deal narrowed behind, the anterior impression is obliterated, and the median channel is not deep, and does not extend to the base. Eighteen specimens. Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea, 4000 ft., August 1894 (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 255 / (26) JMecyclothorax aeiiens, sp. nov. .. aeneus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque rufis, femorum basi ...gia; prothorace lateribus sinuatis, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris regulariter, sat profunda octostriatis, striis fere impunctatis. Long. 5^ — 6^ mm. Antennae rather long and slender. Thorax large, not strongly transverse, the sides slightly round in front and sinuate behind, the hind angles very sharply marked, rectangular, the base punctate, rather deeply impressed on each side ; the median channel very distinct, the anterior impression quite obsolete. The striation of the elytra very regular, complete, but not deep, the four foveoles very small. We have only two specimens of this species, which is not closely allied to any other. The posterior one of the thoracic setae is not present in these specimens — which are rather worn — but the spots of their insertion — on the margin at the hind angle — are very distinct. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4500 — 6000 ft., March 1S94 (Perkins). (27) Mecyclotliorax cognatjts, sp. nov. Niger, supra aeneus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis, tibiis fusces- centibus ; prothorace fortiter transverso, lateribus rotundatis, posterius fortiter angustatis, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris regulariter, sat profunde striatis, striis fere impunc- tatis. Long. 5^ mm. Very closely allied to M. aeneus, but with shorter thorax, and a more distinct basal constriction of this part ; the elytra more oval, less oblong in form, rather more deeply striated. I think a distinct species, though I have seen only one specimen. H.\B. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., April 1894 (Perkins). (28) Alecyclothorax robnstiis, sp. nov. V Convexus, nitidus, piceus, (abdomine dilutiore interdum fla\'escente), supra nigro- 1 piceus, elytris aeneomicantibus, marginibus pallidis, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque flavis ; thorace lateribus rotundatis, angulis posterioribus breviter rectis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis evidentius punctatis. Long. 6 mm. One of the largest Mecyclothorax, with the shoulders of the elytra less square than in J\'f. platysminus ; the after-body convex and hea\)', the head narrow in comparison with it. The thorax is very shining, the median channel very distinct, the anterior impression definite, obsoletely strigose, the base punctate, the hind angles very definite, rectangular. The striae of the elytra are all deep, definite and distinct from base to apex, and their punctuation is more distinct than it is in most of the similar forms ; the suture behind, and the margins, especially at the tip, reddish. F. H. III. II 256 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Our small series of examples exhibits a moderate amount of vi^^iation as to s and blackness; the abdomen is nearly always flavescent. The striatiQ,-, gf [)^^ elytra is a little less deep in the small, dark individuals. The only distinction between Mecyclotliorax robiistiis, and Thrt.^^Qij^Qj,Qj^^ robustus, beyond the generic character, is a slight difference in the form of the hinder part of the thorax ; this in M. robnstiis is rather less constricted behind, and ^^g hind ano-le is slightly more acute, the side margin there being less directed upwards.^ This distinction is but slight, and is less than occurs as variation in some of the allies, gQ (-^^j \^ jg qujte probable that the two may be dimorphic forms of one species. They Sggj^ j-q ]-,g gQ f^^ as I can judge, very closely associated geographically. The locality Viumbers for this species are 363, 599, 605, 621, 622, 679, 680. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, on several occasions, at an elevation of iqoo or 5000 ft. (Perkins). (29) jMccyclothorax occult us, sp. nov. Robustus, niger, supra aeneus, parum nitidus, antennarum basi, pafpig^ pedibusque rufis ; prothorace fortiter transverso, lateribus rotundatis, angulis po^tgj-JQi-ibus fej-g rectis ; elytris minus profunde striatis, striis impunctatis, externis obsjQigj-ig^ Loner. 5^ mm. ' Distinguished, in this group of large forms with brassy surface and' broad base to the thorax, by its very short thorax, and the slighter striation of the elytra 'p^e thorax has a definite red margin, and the sides are sinuate exactly in front of the lijnd ano-les as if to prevent these from being obtuse ; the anterior impression and medi.j,-, channel are distinct, and the base is much sculptured. The striation of the elytra is ^-.^j^g distinct, but the outer striae are obsolete, and all except the sutural one are ver^ fajnt at the extreme base. One specimen. Hab. Molokai. 4500 ft., June i8th, 1893 (Perkins). (30) Mecyclotliorax aiiiaronics, sp. nov. Major, robustus, niger, supra aeneus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusqi,g j-ufis illis extrorsum, femorum basibus tibiisque fuscescentibus ; prothorace fortiter tra^gygj-so, ad basin breviter constricto ; elytris striis omnibus integris, profundis, punctatis. L Qp,o-_ y nim. Plate VII. fig. 7. The largest insect of the Hawaiian Pterostichides, and one of the m(-,gj- distinct ' species. Head very broad. Thorax strongly transverse, with strongly round gj gides a short basal constriction and rectangular hind angles ; very shining, the anterior impression moderately, the median channel very, distinct, the broad base much punctate ; ^^e lateral margin rather strongly explanate, more or less rufescent. Elytra large, ob|Q[^„ j-^g shoulders but little rounded, all the eight striae deep from base to apex an^^i rather strongly punctate ; shining, brassy, the raised margin and tip rufescent. Five sp,g(,ij^gj^s_ COLEOPTERA 257 The robust after-body and general appearance led me to suppose that the species is winged ; but examination shows the contrary, the wings being as completely vestigial as they are in all the other species of this group of genera. Hab. Molokai. On the boggy plateau below the densest forest, about 4000 ft. (Perkins). Thriscothokax, gen. nov. Prothorax utrinque seta unica, paulo ante medium lateris sita. Alae vestigiales. Type T. unctiis. Like Mecyclothorax this is a most difficult complex to tabulate ; but the following key may help any one wishing to determine species of it. 1. ThoraK cordate (i.e. with a distinct constricted basal part and sharp hind angles, Plate VII. fig. 3), the base usualh- narrow species i — 13. 2. Thorax not cordate, shorter and usually broader ; the true base of the elytra (i.e. the part between the incurv'ed lateral margins of the two sides) and base of the thorax narrower than in group 4 ; hind angles sometimes (not always) obtuse species 14 — 21. 3. Species difficult to place ; base of thorax moderately broad, without neck, hind angles obtuse or very nearly so species 22 — 24. 4. Base of thorax comparatively broad ; robust and comparatively large insects ; width of elytra across shoulders considerable species 25 — 29. (i) Thriscoflwrax 7tiicf?is, Blackburn. Cyclothorax 7inctiis Blkn., Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. 18S1, p. 227. This species has in most individuals a slight brassy tinge on the upper surface, the elytral margins are strongly elevated and always yellow, the thoracic elevated margins are generally yellowish. There is but little variation in the shape and form of the thorax, which is transverse, abruptly narrowed and constricted behind, with very definite, rectangular hind angles. The striation is rather variable ; the sutural stria is present, and behind is moderately deep, in front it is often distinctly punctate, the more external striae are always indistinct, and they also may, one or two of them, be punctate; very rarely can more than four striae be seen, on each wing-case. The length is 4^; to almost 5 mm. About 100 specimens. Hab. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn). Haleakala, 4500 — 6000 ft., on several occasions (Perkins). (2) Thriscothorax Jilipcs, sp. nov. Niger, parum convexus, elytris subviridescentibus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace minus fortiter transverso, lateribus rotundatis, ad basin constricto ; elytris levissime striatis. Long. 5 — 5:|; mm. Similar to T. uiicfus, but quite distinct by its longer thorax, which is much less narrowed behind the middle. The basal constricted part of the thorax is rather long, 33—2 258 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS and the hind angles are exactly rectangular : the anterior transverse impression is deep, and the basal punctuation deep, the lateral margin is not strongly elevated. The elytra have usually a faint greenish tinge, and are not polished : their striation is very slight and the striae are not punctured. The legs and antennae are slightly longer than they are in T. iinctns. Twenty-one specimens. Hab. Lanai. Halepaakai, July 1894, mts. Koele (Perkins). (3) Tliriscothorax gracilis, sp. nov. Piceus, vel nigricans, thoracis elytrorumque marginibus lateralibus, illorum sutura, antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis ; thorace parum transverso, ad basin constricto, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris subtiliter striatis, striis fere impunctatis, ad apicem sat profundis. Long. 5 mm. Allied to T. unctus and similar in colour, but with a longer and more slender thorax and a quite different striation of the elytra. The thorax is a good deal narrowed behind, with a distinct narrow basal portion and sharply rectangular angles, the median channel deep, the anterior transverse impression well-marked, the base strigose punctate ; the lateral margin moderately elevated. Elytra with a faint brassy tinge, the lateral margins rather broad, yellow, the fine striation rather deep at the tips, the sixth stria is obsolete the other five distinct. Thirteen specimens. This is smaller than T. Jilipcs with a narrower thorax and with elytral striation distinct at the tip. Hab. Hawaii. Kona, 4000 ft., September 1S92 (Perkins). (4) Tliriscothorax pa lu sir is, sp. nov. Niger, parum nitidus, antennis, palpis pedibusque fusco-rufis ; prothorace transverso, lateribus rotundatis, ad basin constricto, angulis posterioribus perfectis ; elytris striis quinque abbreviatis et punctatis, sutura posterius marginibusque rufescentibus. Long. 5 mm. Plate VH. fig. 3, thorax. Allied to T. jmctus, of darker colour, differing a good deal in oudine and readily distinguished by the five distinct though abbreviated series of punctures on the elytra. The thorax is much rounded at the sides, and narrowed behind, the constricted basal part not short, the angles rectangular and definite ; the anterior depression deep and definite, but not sculptured, the base punctate : the median channel well-marked. The sutural stria of the elytra is deep at the tip, the second stria extends nearly to the tip though very fine there, outside this each stria is more abbreviate ; each of the striae commences as a series of punctures. The legs are dark yellow, more or less infuscate beyond the femora. The margin of the elytra is distinctly red, and the same colour is indistinctly present on the lateral margin of the thorax. About forty specimens. Hab. Molokai ; mts. May 22, 1893 (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 259 (5) Thriscothorax modes his, sp. no v. Piceo-niger, parum nitidus, palpis pedibusque testaceis, antennis, prothoracis elytro- rumque marginibus elevatis rufis ; elytris subaenescentibus parum nitidis, subtiliter striatis, striis baud punctatis ; prothoracis lateribus rotundatis, basi constricta, angulis posterioribus rectis. Long. 3! — 4 mm. This is considerably smaller than T. filipcs, it is a little more deeply striated on the elytra, and the outer striae are less obliterated, seven striae can be counted in addition to the deep marginal stria, the suture of the elytra and its outer margin are red, and the lateral margins aad even the base of the thorax are reddish. The antennae are slender, yellow at the base, darker beyond. The head is rather broad. The thorax is rounded at the sides, and the hind angles are sharply rectangular, the base is moderately punctate, the median channel well-marked, the anterior transverse depression not deep and without distinct sculpture. There is no greater extent of red at the tips of the elytra than what is due to the junction of the red colour of the suture and margins. F"ive specimens. Hab. Maui. Haleakala 4000 — 5000 ft. in March and April 1S94 (Perkins). (6) Thriscothorax cordaticollis, Blackburn. CyclotJiorax cordaticollis, Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 156. The two specimens in the British Museum indicate a species similar to modcstiis\ with less basal constriction to the thorax : the striae not punctate. I have failed to match them with any specimens found by Mr Perkins. A specimen sent me some years ago by Mr Blackburn as this species is apparently a damaged specimen of a JMecyclo- thorax differing very little from M. vulcanits. Hab. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn). (7) Tliriscotliorax snbconst rictus, sp. no v. Niger, vel piceus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; elytris nigris, sutura versus apicem lateralique margine rufis ; thorace haud lato, lateribus rotundatis, basi angusta, constricta, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris quinque-striatis, striis subtiliter punctatis, apicem versus profundis. Long. 3^ — 4 mm. This little Thriscothorax 's>om^\s\\2X msamhlfts Jllccyclothorax iiiicaiis, but it is readily distinguished by the striae carried to the tips of the elytra ; this also separates it from the T. palustris and modestiis ; in the latter species the striae are visible at the tip, but are not so deep as in subconstrictus, and they are not punctate. The transverse anterior impression of the thorax is rather obsolete ; the surface is shining but there are some very indistinct transverse wrinkles on the disc, and the 2 6o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS median channel is indistinct, tlie base is punctate ; the sides are rounded and much narrowed behind, sinuate so that there is a short basal constricted portion with rect- angular angles. The striation of the elytra is fine, and the punctures, though quite distinct on the anterior parts, are also fine. Many examples. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 10,000 ft. (Perkins). (8) Thriscothorax molokaiae, sp. nov. Conve.xiusculus, nitidus, nigricans, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque flavis, antennis extrorsum rufo-obscuris ; prothorace lato, lateribus rotundatis, basin versus fortiter angustato, basi constricta, angusta, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris convexius- culis, breviter ovalibus, subaenescentibus, apice testaceo, marginibus parum conspicue testaceis, profunde striatis, striis subpunctatis. Long. 3^ mm. Head rather narrow. Thorax shining black, only slightly paler at the lateral margin, which is fine ; the strongly rounded sides are much narrowed behind, so that the base is narrow ; the base punctate, the median channel very distinct, the anterior impression less definite. The elytra rather short and convex, shining, with a feeble brassy reflection, deeply striate, the striae a little fainter at the extreme base, the outer two striae very fine, the others distinct at the apex, the punctuation fine : the tip yellow, and this colour extends a good way forwards along the suture and sides. Legs pale yellow. Four specimens. Hab. Molokai, 4000 ft., 15 June, 1893 (Perkins). (9) Thriscothorax pcrstriatns, sp. nov. Augustus, convexiusculus, nitidus, nigricans, antennis rufis, basi, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace lato, lateribus rotundatis, basin versus angustato, basi constricta, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris convexiusculis, subaenescentibus, apice testaceo, margine anguste testaceo, profunde striatis, striis a basi ad apicem ductis, plus minusve punctatis. Long. 4 mm. Plate Vn. fig. 8. Though very like T. molokaiae this species is more elongate, and has the base of the thorax broader, the striation of the elytra is very deep, even at the basal margin each stria is deep and distinct, and all the eight striae are easily seen on each wing-case. There is but little punctuation at the base of the thorax. In this species and in T. molokaiae, the under surface is to a large extent yellow, the ventral segments being entirely yellow in T. perstriatiis. I have seen only a small series of each and though both appear to be variable 1 think them distinct. I am indeed more doubtful whether the specimens in each case may not be more than one, but the e.xamples are too few in number to enable me to form any decided opinion. Hab. Maui. COLEOPTERA 261 (10) Thriscothoyax lunndaiiiis, sp. nov. Latiusculus, paruni convexus, nitidus, piceus, limbo, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace fortiter transverse, lateribus rotundatis, basi constricta, angulis poste- rioribus rectis ; elytris brevibus, rotundatis, quinque-striatis, striis ad apicem evanescenti- bus, ad basin punctatis, externis obsoletis. Long. 4^ mm. This species is very different from T. filipcs, and is nearer to T. nticfits. It is distinguishable from the former by the broadly oval elytra with extremely rounded shoulders, and by the punctate striae. The thorax is like that of T. uncUis, short, strongly rounded at the sides so as to be much narrowed behind, with a very short straight-sided basal portion and sharply rectangular hind angles. The broad elytra are a little convex, with pale margins and suture ; each has five striae and traces of a sixth ; these striae are distinctly punctate at the tip and all, except the sutural one, become more indistinct behind ; the second one is however quite definite at the tip, and the others can be traced there. The only two specimens found are rather immature, and the colour is probably less deep than in mature examples. Hab. Lanai. On the summit, July 1S94. (11) Thriscothorax constrictiis, sp. nov. Robustus, haud latus, nigricans, supra subaenescens, elytrorum thoracisque mar- ginibus, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; prothorace lato, lateribus rotun- datis, basin versus abrupte angustatis, basi constricta, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris octo-striatis, striis impunctatis, ad apicem sat discretis. Long. ^\ mm. Plate VIL fig. 9. A very distinct species. The transverse thorax is abrupdy narrowed behind, with a short basal constricted part, the sides of which are upturned ; the surface is not polished, the disc is slightly wrinkled transversely, and along the anterior impression there are many fine longitudinal striae ; the median channel is distinct but there is very litde sculpture at the base. The elytra are elongate, the disc subaeneous, the sides broadly flavescent, the suture also yellow ; the fine striae extend from the base to the apex and are not punctate. Two specimens. Hau. Molokai. 4500 ft., June 1S93 (Perkins). (12) Thriscothorax insolitits, sp. nov. Convexus, niger, politus, elytris ad apicem et ad latera late testaceis, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace angusto, convexo, lateribus leniter rotundatis, angulis posterioribus brevissime rectis ; elytris convexis, brevissime quadristriatis, striis punc- tatis. Long. 4^ mm. Plate VII. fig. 10. 262 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS A very distinct species of which only one example has been found. In form like Metrothoi^ax — e.g. M. debilis or siniiolns — but the lateral thoracic seta is present, though excessively delicate. Thora.x very shining, much narrower than the elytra, con\'ex, very shining, lateral margin very fine, the median channel and anterior impression subobso- lete, the former however deepening into a fovea behind the middle, the sides gently rounded, and the angles rectangular, though the sinuation that prevents them from being obtuse is excessively short. Elytra broad, short and convex, very shining, black, very broadly yellow behind, very finely striate, but with very definite punctures on the short striae, the sutural stria reaching to the tip as usual. Legs short. One specimen. The glassy surface and the sculpture make this approach T. variipes and ducalis, but it differs entirely from them in other respects. The extremely minute thoracic seta and the Met rothorax-\\ks: form, together with the large area of yellow at the tip of the elytra, should make it easily recognisable. Hab. Maui. Haleakala 3000 ft., in 1900 (Perkins). {13) Thriscotlwrax laetus, Blackburn. Cyclothorax laetns Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. 1880, p. 228. This species greatly resembles MccyclotJiorax rtisiicus, but has a distinctly constricted base to the thorax, and only very fine elytral striae. I have suggested that it may possibly be a dimorphic form of Mccyclothorax laetus. The following are the particulars as to our small series of 19 specimens: Haleakala April 1894, Olinda woods 4000 ft. and downwards, two specimens ; Haleakala, 4000 ft. May 1896, two specimens. No. 599; as preceding, but 5000 ft., one specimen. No. 600 ; as preceding, but No. 605, one specimen ; as preceding, but No. 608, one specimen ; as preceding, but No. 609, one specimen; as preceding, but No. 615, one specimen; as preceding, but 4000 ft. and No. 622, two specimens; as preceding, but No 623, one specimen ; Haleakala 4500 — 5000 ft. October 1896, four specimens. No. 679 ; as preceding, but 4000 ft. and No. 680, three specimens; Haleakala, in 1902, seven specimens given to Mr Perkins by a friend. These data render it probable that if T. laetus and M. laetus are dimorphic forms, yet they rarely, if ever, occur in company. For the data as to M. laetus see that species, p. 248. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, about 4000 ft. on several occasions (Perkins, Nos. 599, 608, 609, 623, 679, 680). (14) Tliriscothorax bembidioides, Blackburn. Cyclothorax bend>idioides Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 107. A remarkable little insect with highly polished, glassy surface. Thorax much narrowed behind, with very obtuse angles. COLEOPTERA 26 J Elytra with only a sutural stria which is punctate at the base. Mr Blackburn's specimens in the British Museum do not exhibit a seta ; but they have been much damaged by dirt and mould, and I think are this species. Hab. Hawaii. Mauna Loa, about 3000 ft., under a stone, one specimen (Black- burn). Kilauea, September 1896, three specimens (Perkins). (15) Thriscothorax paradoxus, Blackburn. Cyclothorax paradoxus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 108. Plate VII. fig. II. Distinguished by the red colour, the surface as if varnished, and the strongly transverse thorax much narrowed behind, but without the slightest sinuation, so that the hind angles are very obtuse, and the sides are only narrowly turned upwards at the base. The anterior transverse impression is very deep, and the median channel strongly marked. There are only two striae on each elytron. Mr Blackburn found but one specimen and Mr Perkins has just sent me another, which agrees with it except in being smaller. Mr Perkins has also sent a specimen of a Mccyclothorax from the same island, that is extremely like T. paradoxus. Hab. Hawaii. Mauna Kea, 3000 ft., under bark of a tree (Blackburn). (16) Thriscothorax disccdens, sp. nov. Niger, antennis rufo-obscuris, earum basi palpisque testaceis, pedibus fusco- testaceis ; prothorace fortiter transverso, basin versus angustato, basi angusta ; elytris striis punctatis profundis circiter tribus, externe tantum stria altera, munitis. Long, vix 4 mm. Readily recognised by the deep striae next the suture, while outside these there are only one or very abbreviated striae, and by the short thorax, greatly narrowed behind with obtuse angles. The anterior transverse impression is rather indefinite, the median channel very distinct, the narrow base but little punctate. The short striae on the elytra do not commence at the base, with the exception of the sutural one which is deep from base to the tip, the fourth stria is very short, and there are traces of a fifth outside it. The legs are much infuscate, especially the tibiae and the bases of the femora. Four sj^ecimens. Van teriuinalis, var. n. One specimen, from Olaa, is rather smaller, and has the elytra broadly yellow at the tip, the raised margins of elytra and of thorax are also yellow, as well as the legs, there are five striae all of which are strongly punctate. It is possibly a distinct species. Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea (Perkins). F. H. III. 34 264 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (17) Thriscothorax c/ialcostts, sp. nov. Rufus, supra piceus, aeneo-micans, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; thorace transverse, lateribus rotundatis, posterius breviter constricto ; elytris sat profunde striatis, striis obsolete punctatis. Long. 4^ mm. Perhaps nearest to T. /actus, but of brassy colour above, and with much more deeply striate wing-cases. Differs from T. laticollis and its allies by the smaller thorax, with a much narrower base. Head moderately broad. Thorax much narrower than the elytra, much rounded at the sides, and with a short constricted basal portion ; hind angles rectangular ; the side margin strongly elevated, the anterior impression definite, the median channel deep, the base with some coarse punctures, and on each side deeply depressed. Elytra rather strongly rounded at the shoulders, shining, brassy, but the suture behind, the tip and even the lateral margin, paler red than the rest ; each with eight striae, beginning quite at the base, where they are deep and are feebly punctate, at the tip only moderately deep, the outer two striae quite distinct though not so deep as the others. Legs clear yellow. One specimen only. Hab. Maui. West Maui mountains (Perkins). (18) Thriscothorax apicalis, sp. nov. Niger, parum convexus, sat niticlus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum apice discrete sed baud late testaceo ; prothorace transverso, lateribus leniter rotun- datis, basi baud constricta sed angulis posterioribus minute rectis ; elytris septem- striatis, striis ad apicem profundis, sed externis anterius obsoletis. Long. 4 mm. Plate VII. fig. 12. A rather short insect with the upper surface a little flattened ; to be recognised by the well-marked but impunctate striae, and the form of the thorax, which, though gently rounded at the sides and somewhat narrowed behind, so that the base though rather broad is narrower than the front, yet has not any distinct constricted portion, the hind angles being nevertheless exactly rectangular, though if a very minute section be taken off the base the angles would be obtuse : the lateral margin is very fine and only at the base is it minutely thicker ; the base is straight, rather broad, distinctly punctate and slightly strigose, the anterior impression and the median channel are quite de- finite, indeed rather deep. The elytra are but little rounded at the shoulders, with the striae fine, though distinct at the apex, not punctate ; the legs are rather short. We have a small series of this species, 25 specimens. It does not vary much and a good deal resembles Mecyclothorax rusticits and micans. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 10,000 ft., April 1894 (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 265 (19) TJiriscotJiorax pcrkinsi, sp. nov. Fuscus, supra vix subaeneus, abdomine et pectore nigricantibus, antennarum basi palpis pedibusque fusco-testaceis, femoribus extrorsum flavis ; elytris profunde abnormaliter sculpturatis, profundissime striatis, interstitiis subsymmetrice fractis. Long. 4^ mm. Plate VII. fig. 13. Antennae dark, with the basal joint yellow, and the following two more or less yellow. Thorax strongly transverse, sides greatly rounded, much narrowed behind, the base constricted, the hind angles rectangular, the disc shining, slightly wrinkled transversely, the median channel and anterior impression very deep, the base punctate, deeply impressed on each side. Elytra with very peculiar sculpture, the striae or grooves very deep, the sutural two interstices angular, those more external broken here and there, and where broken rendered irregular, so that some of the fragments connect with their lateral neighbours ; near the base on each side a peculiar Ioojd is thus formed. I have much pleasure in naming this remarkable little insect after its discoverer. It is, I suppose, next to impossible to attempt any explanation of these remarkable freaks of sculpture. This sculjDture varies a little. We have a small series of eight individuals. Hab. Molokai, 5000 ft., in the autumn of 1893 (Perkins). (20) Thriscothorax variipes, sp. nov. Niger, politus, antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis, femorum basi tibiarumque medio fuscis ; prothorace basin versus angustato, lateribus haud sinuatis, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris seriebus quatuor punctorum valde abbreviatis, stria suturali ad apicem profunde exarata. Long. 6 mm. A large Tlwiscothorax with highly polished surface, and very obtuse hind angles to the thorax. Antennae not elongate. Head usually piceous. Thorax very polished, much narrowed behind, but without any sinuation at the sides, the hind angles obtuse, not rounded, the base narrow ; the anterior impression deep and definite, not sculptured, the median channel distinct, the base punctate. Elytra polished, with four series of punctures that commence some little distance behind the base, the sutural one is continued as a stria to the apex where it is deep, the second can be just detected near the apex, but the others cannot be detected there. Legs with yellow coxae, the femora broadly black at the base, and the tibiae blackish in the middle. Six specimens. Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea, August 1S96 (Perkins). 34—2 266 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (21) Thriscothorax ducalis, sp. nov. Robustus, nigerrimus, politus, antennis palpis pedibusque fusco-testaceis, his varie- gatis ; thorace basin versus angustato, lateribus sinuatis, basi constricta, angulis posterio- ribus rectis ; elytris seriebus quinque punctorum valde abbreviatis, stria suturali ad apicem profunda. Long. 6^ mm. Plate VII. fig. 14. Resembles 7". variipes in sculpture, but is readily distinguished by the shape of the thorax with rectangular hind angles. Antennae dark except the basal joint. Thorax with the anterior impression indefinite, the median channel distinct. The series of punctures on the elytra very much as in T. variipes, but with five or six punctures outside the fourth stria, representing the fifth stria near the base. Legs largely infus- cate, femora yellow just before the tips, the knee itself being dark. Five specimens. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, about 5000 ft., single specimens on several occasions (Perkins). (22) ThriscothoTux karschi, Blackburn. Cyclothorax karscki V>\a.c'khu'cr\, Ent. Mo. Mag. xix. 1882, p. 62. Distinguished amongst its allies by the deep striae and their comparatively large punctures. There are five of these striae on each elytron, but only the sutural one extends to the tip. The thorax is not greatly narrowed behind, and is only minutely sinuate in outline before the hind angle ; the latter is obtuse, and the thick lateral margin is strongly elevated there : the fovea on each side is deep. One of the rarest of the Hawaiian Carabidae, only three individuals being known. Hai;. Hawaii. Mauna Loa, amongst loose stones, 6000 ft. (Blackburn) ; Kona, Mauna Loa, 4000 ft., in July and December. (Perkins). (23) Thriscothoi'ax obsciiricolor, Blackburn. Cyclothorax obsairicolor Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 123. A rather small form, with the full complement of striae on the elytra ; though rather deep they are not punctate. The general colour is dull black, with the margins of the thorax and elytra more or less red, the basal part of antennae and the legs yellow, the base of the femora blackened. I have seen only a small series and it appears to be very variable : the striae are more or less deep, and when very deep are indistinctly punctate, the colour also varies somewhat, as does the length of the thorax ; this part is however always transverse, and a good deal narrowed behind, with rather narrow base ; but there is no constricted part, and the angles are obtuse, although a minute sinuation of the sides in front of them is more or less distinctly present. The form of the thorax distinguishes the species from T. i/iodeslus, to which it has a considerable general resemblance. Twelve examples. The single specimen from Lahaina has no definite characters to distinguish it. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 4000 ft. (Blackburn and Perkins). Lahaina (Koebele). COLEOPTERA 267 (24) Tliriscothorax brevis, Blackburn. Cyclothorax bi'evis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 123. Not very likely to be confounded with any other species though it has no very salient character. Size medium, colour above dark bronzy, after-body short and convex, moderately deeply striate ; hind angles of thorax obtuse. Eighteen specimens. Hab. Oahu. Not very rare ; among decaying leaves at an elevation of about 2000 ft. (Blackburn). Mountains Honolulu, December 1900 (Perkins). (25) Tliriscothorax laticollis, sp. nov. Fuscus, antennarum basi, palpis peclibusque testaceis, femorum basi nigricante ; prothorace lato, valde transverse, opaco ; elytris abnormaliter sculpturatis, profunde striatis, interstitiis hie inde subsymmetrice fractis, fragmentis disordinatis. Long. 4^ mm. By the extraordinary sculpture of the elytra allied to T. perkinsi, but with a very different thorax : this is but little narrower than the elytra, gently rounded at the sides, and slightly narrowed behind, but without a constriction ; the hind angles are very sharply marked and slightly obtuse : the surface is flat and dull, feebly wrinkled, of a dull reddish colour at the sides, darker on the middle, the median channel is present, the anterior impression is rendered somewhat indistinct by the numerous minute longi- tudinal strigosities that are connected with it. The grooves on the elytra are deep, and the convex interstices are here and there broken ; on each side, about the fifth, sixth and seventh striae, there is an elongate patch of irregular fragments of the disintegrated interstices. One specimen. In the form of the thorax this insect is allied to JMecyclothorax imiltipitnctatits \ and at each hind angle ot the thorax there is an excessively minute erosion of the surface at the spot where the seta is situate in the species of Mccyclothorax referred to. Hab. Molokai, 3500 ft., 5 June, 1S93 (Perkins). (26) Thriscotliorax bradydcrus, sp. nov. Brevis, latus, robustus, niger, supra aeneus, antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis, illis extrorsum, his tibiis tarsisque sordidis ; thorace valde transverso, lateribus posteri- oribus leniter breviter sinuatis, angulis posterioribus fere rectis ; elytris sat profunde striatis, striis impunctatis. Long, vix 5 mm. Remarkable by its short, broad form ; head short and Inroad. Thorax very broad, dull, brassy, the lateral margin yellowish, the anterior impression rather deep, strongly crenate, the central channel deep, the base much punctate. Elytra broad, shoulders but little incurved : deeply striate, but the striae not punctured. Two specimens. Hab. Molokai. On the boggy plateau below the densest forest, about 4000 ft., June 1896 (Perkins). 268 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (27) Thriscotliorax robitstus, Blackburn. Cyclothorax robustus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. 1881, p. 228. This species is so closely similar to Mccyclothorax robustus as to suggest that the two may be dimorphic forms of one species. We have only a small series of sixteen examples; the locality numbers are 372, 599, 605, 620, 622, 679, 680, or almost the same as for M. robustus. Mr Blackburn's type was the only example he found ; it is very large, and feebly striate in comparison with the examples procured by Mr Perkins, but as it may be the same species I adopt his name. Hab. Maui. Haleakala on several occasions at an elevation of 4000 or 5000 ft. (Perkins). Blackburn found only one example ; it has a similar record. (28) Thriscothorax platysminus, sp. nov. Robustus, piceus, antennis, palpis jDedibusque testaceis ; prothorace lateribus sub- curvatis, posterius leniter angustato, angulis posterioribus obtuse rectis ; elytris oblongis, sat crasse marginatis, subtiliter striatis. Long. 5^^ mm. Plate VII. fig. 15. Antennae rather slender, entirely yellow. Thorax transverse, sides but little rounded, narrowed a little behind the middle, with an almost imperceptible sinuation before the hind angle, but enough to prevent this from being markedly obtuse ; median channel distinct, anterior impression strigose, the base strigose, with but few punctures. Elytra more oblong than usual, but little rounded at the shoulders ; with the full com- plement of striae, but these fine, minutely punctate, extending from base to tip, but the outer one or two very obsolete. Legs slender. Two specimens. Readily distinguished from T. robustus, by the scarcely at all metallic surface, less convex form, and much finer striation of the elytra. Hab. Molokai. About 4000 ft., jarobably on the side of a stream at the bottom of the gulch, June 1896 (Perkins). (29) Thriscothorax argutor, sp. nov. Augustus, subparallelus, rufus, politus, antennis, palpis i^edibusque flavis ; prothorace subquadrato, basin versus leniter angustato et sinuato, angulis posterioribus rectis ; elytris suboblongis, sat profunde punctato-striatis. Long. 5 mm. Antennae long, head rather narrow. Thorax not much narrower than the elytra, broader than long in the proportion of about five to four, the sides slightly rounded, distinctly narrowed and sinuate behind, the hind angles rectangular ; the anterior im- pression distinct, but with many strigosities about it, the median channel distinct and carried to the base, the lateral margin fine in front, but more elevated behind, and at the hind angles strongly elevated, the base but little punctate. Elytra rather long and COLEOPTERA ' 269 narrow, parallel-sided, the striae definite, impressed and entire, extending from base to tip, but here not deeply impressed, the external one or two obsolete ; the suture and external margin paler. Legs quite pale. We have only one female of this distinct species ; of all this Hawaiian group it is the one that looks most like an ordinary Pterostichid, and is therefore of considerable interest. It occurs with some of the Anchomenids that are most differentiated, Atrachycnonis and Dcropristus. H.\B. Molokai. In June 1896 at an elevation of about 4000 ft. (Perkins). Atelothor.ax, gen. nov. Corpus apterum. Prothorax utrinque seta unica ad angulum posteriorem sita. This genus, the analogue of Atelothrus in Anchomenides, is represented only by a single species of which only one specimen is known. It is the most recent discovery in Hawaiian ColeoiDtera, having been captured by a friend of Mr Perkins, who made the ascent of Haleakala in 1901 or 1902. He collected 16 species of the Cyclofhorax group, of which two have proved to be new. If it should prove that the absence of the seta is not a constant character, the species would take its place in Mccyclothoi^ax next to M. cognatits, to which it is very similar. (i) Atclothorax opfatiis, sp. nov. Convexus, piceus, supra aeneus, nitidus, antennis rufis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; thorace transverso, angulis posterioribus rectis : elytris sat profunde striatis, striis impunctatis. Long. 5 mm. Extremely similar to iMecyclothorax cognatits, but with the sides of the thorax less sinuate behind. Both thorax and elytra have the raised lateral margin red. The thorax is strongly transverse, the anterior impression and median channel distinct. The elytra have the full complement of striae which run from base to apex. The unique exponent was found on Haleakala last year by a friend of Mr Perkins. I regret that I do not know his name. H.\ii. Maui. Haleakala. Metrothokax, ofen. nov. Prothorax setis erectis carens. Alae vestigiales. In this genus I have placed the more elongate and larger forms first. ( I ) Mctrothorax inolops, sp. nov. Elongatus, robustus, nitidus, niger, antennis pedibusque fiavis ; prothorace convexo, vix transverso, lateribus valde rotundatis, postice brevissime coarctato, angulis posteri- 2 70 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS oribus subobtusis, margine lateral! subtilissimo ; elytris fere unistriatis, stria secunda valde abbreviata. Long. 7^ mm. Plate VII. fig. 16. Head broad, eyes conve.x, very large. Thorax finely, but not obsoletely canalicu- late on the middle, almost impunctate, anterior transverse impression very deep. Elytra elongate and convex, shining, impunctate, with a single well-marked stria near the suture ; the lateral margin unusually fine. This remarkable species cannot be confounded with any other. The general shape, the subglobular thorax, with the fine margins of thorax and elytra, are distinctive. M. viacrops is the only species at all near it. Only two examples have been found, one of which is very immature. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., in March 1894 and May 1S96 (Perkins). (2) Metrothorax viacrops, sp. nov. Elongatus, angustus, piceus, antennis pedibusque flavis, elytrorum apice testaceo ; thorace elongate, cordato, angulis posterioribus rectis, subtilius canaliculato ; elytris unistriatis vel bistriatis, striis externis obsoletis. Long. 6 mm. Smaller than M. mo/ops, with a distinctly constricted base to the thorax, so that the angles are quite rectangular. The shape is transversely a little less convex than it is in AI. molops, but is more convex than in the following species. Eleven examples. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, on several occasions ; 4000 — 6000 ft. ; once at Olinda under bark of Koa, April 1894 (Perkins). (3) RlctrotJiorax deverilli, Blackburn. CyclotJiorax deverilli ^\-asi\^\xx\\, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvi. 1879, p. 108. In this species the elytra have a greenish tint and are very shining: the thorax is much narrowed behind with a distinct constricted part which is punctate, the angles rectangular. The striation varies but is always very slight, even the sutural stria being faint except at the apex, and there it is not very deep ; the antennae beyond the fourth joint are infuscate-red, and the tibiae are sometimes slightly infuscate. There is always some extent of yellow colour at the tip of the elytra. I have seen ten examples. They vary a little in the width of the thorax, and slightly in the striation of the elytra, which in one or two is evident though very faint. Hab. Hawaii ; various localities, generally under bark of trees at an elevation of about 3000 ft. (Blackburn) ; Hilo, Kilauea, on several occasions, always singly (Perkins). (4) Metrothorax perkinsianus, sp. nov. Niger, elytris viridescentibus, perpolitis, antennis pedibusque rufo-testaceis, illis extrorsum fuscescentibus ; elytrorum apice suturaque posterius conspicue testaceis ; COLEOPTERA 271 thorace elongate, basin versus minus abrupte constricto, angulis rectis, medio canalicu- lato, basi mediocriter punctata, impressione transversa anteriore parum profunda baud sculpturata ; elytris obsolete striatis, stria suturali ad basin et versus apicem sat pro- funda. Long. 5 mm. Closely allied to RI. dcvcrilli, but with the constricted basal portion of the thorax more definite and the hind angles therefore sharper. Almost equally near to RI. halea- kalac but smaller, with the thorax less abruptly constricted at the base, and with a broad, definitely yellow apex to the elytra ; the highly polished surface of the elytra is remarkable. Five specimens. This species was discovered by the naturalist to whom we are indebted for Atelothorax opt a tits. Hab. Maui. Haleakala. (5) Mctrotliorax haleakalae, sp. no v. Elongatus, parum convexus, niger, elytris subviridescentibus, antennis pedibusque rufis, illis extrorsum, tibiis tarsisque plus minusve fuscescentibus ; prothorace majore, vix transverso, basi constricta et punctata, angulis posterioribus rectis, fere acutis ; elytris tenuissime striatis, stria suturali tantum ad apicem sat profunde impressa. Long. 5^ — 6 mm. Closely allied to M. deverilli, rather larger, with a larger thorax which is more abruptly constricted behind, with the angles sharper. The elytra are not at all pale at the tip and the suture is not, or only faintly red behind. The antennae and legs are rather longer. Eleven examples. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., on several occasions (Perkins). (6) ]Mctrothorax laticollis, sp. nov. Niger, politus, elytris viridescentibus, antennis (articulo basali excepto) palpisque fuscis, pedibus antennarumque basi testaceis ; prothorace lato, posterius abrupte angus- tato, angulis acute rectis, canaliculato ; elytris fere estriatis, stria suturali subtili. Long. 5 mm. I have seen only five examples of this species. Though extremely near to M. perkiiisiaiuis I think it may prove distinct on account of the broader thorax which is very abruptly narrowed behind, and is less punctate at the base. The colour is more that of M. halcaka/ae, and so is the form of the thorax. The elytra also are compara- tively shorter in proportion to their width. Hab. Maui. Hawaii ? Haleakala 4000 — 6000 ft. No. 680 (Perkins). I am not convinced that the exponent, supposed to be from Hawaii, was really found there. It is No. 686, = Kilauea viii. '95. A confusion between 680 and 686 is very easy. F. n. III. 35 2 72 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (7) JMetrothorax blackburni, sp. nov. Angustulus, convexus, nitidus, niger, antennis extrorsum fuscescentibus, basi palpis pedibusque flavis; prothorace elongate, profunde canaliculato, basi coiistricta punctataque, angiilis posterioribus acute rectis ; elytris 5- vel 6-striatis, striis punctatis sed brevibus. Long. 5 mm. This species is — like however to other allied forms — very Bembidioid in appearance. It is not likely to be confounded with other species of this genus, but more resembles certain species of ThriscotJiorax \ e.g. T. kai'schi; it has however a narrower thorax with the constricted basal portion more elongate. The head is rather narrow ; the antennae have the first three joints and the base of the fourth yellow, the others rather darker. The thorax is but little broader than long, the sides gently rounded in front ; sinuate behind, and meeting the base so as to form a sharply-marked right angle. The median channel and the basal punctuation are very distinct, the lateral margin, as well as that of the elytra, quite fine. The elytra transversely convex, rather narrow, shining black, only narrowly yellow at the tip ; towards the base with well-marked series of punctures — about five in number : these are continued backwards as fine striae, but only the sutural one is definite at the tip. Legs clear yellow. I have named this distinct in species after the Rev. T. Blackburn, who was almost the first to call attention to the interesting nature of the Hawaiian Insect-fauna. The six examples found show little or no variation. Hab. Molokai. On the mountains, in June, in 1893 ^'^'^ 1896 (Perkins). (8) Metrothorax scaritoides, Blackburn. Cyclothorax scaiHtoides Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 187S, p. 156: Blackburn and Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) iii. pi. iv. f. 6. We have received a very large series of this species. It has a broad thorax, which is moderately long, and has a very short basal constriction, just sufficient to make the angles rectangular ; the length of the insect is about 5 mm. and that of the thorax i \ mm.' ; the legs and antennae are yellow, the elytra convex, and with but feeble and not extensive striation. The striation is rather variable, and some examples (as stated by Mr Black- burn) have several short striae visible and in some cases these are series of punctures. The species has been found on the two adjacent islands of Maui and Molokai, and there is no difference between the specimens from the two islands. One highly aberrant example from Molokai has the elytral sculpture almost as well developed as it is in M. blackburni. but has none of the other characters of that species. Hab. Maui. Haleakala (Blackburn), 4000 — 5000 ft., on several occasions (Perkins). ' Mr Blackburn gives the length as 6 — 6i mm., but he seems to have exaggerated the length of most of the species of this division. It is probably however rather greater in quite fresh than it is in dried specimens. COLEOPTERA ■16 (9) IMetrotJiorax roiundicollis, sp. nov. ConvexLis, nitidus, niger, antennis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace fortiter transverse, lateribus aequaliter rotundatis, angulis posterioribus perobtusis fere nullis; elytris bistriatis, striis magis externis parum discretis. Long. 5 mm. Plate VII. fig. 17. Extremely similar to M. scaritoides, but distinguished from it and all the other species by the extremely obtuse hind angles of the thorax; this part is nearly i:^ mm. long, and about if mm. broad, and is not greatly narrower than the elytra ; the lateral margin is very fine, and is scarcely at all prominent at the hind angle ; the median channel is also very fine, and there is very little sculpture at the base. The legs are very short. Seven specimens. Hab. Molokai. Mountains, 3000 ft.. May 1S93 (Perkins). (10) Mctrothorax ciirtipes. Brevior, niger, politus, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace fortiter transverso, angulis posterioribus obtusis, haud rotundatis, subtilissime canaliculato, basi parum' punctata ; elytris latiusculis, convexis, stria suturali profunda, stria secunda sat discreta, preterea parum striatis. Long. 4 — 4^ mm. Of this species we have received also a large series of about 150 examples; though closely allied to M. scaritoides there is no doubt that it is perfectly distinct, besides being smaller, the hind angles of the thorax are less acute, and the legs considerably shorter. The penultimate joint of the maxillary palpus is considerably shorter. The male genitalia also exhibit well-marked distinctions. The striation of the elytra varies a little as it does in RI. scaritoides. The thorax is extremely finely margined, and the elytral margin is also fine. Hab. Molokai. Mountains, 3000 — 4000 ft., on several occasions (Perkins). (11) Metrothorax cxtimits, sjj. now Nigro-piceus, supra niger, politus, antennis, palpis pedibusque rufis, tibiis antennisque ex parte fuscescentibus ; prothorace fortiter transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus perobtusis ; elytris striis quinque punctatis, externis valde abbreviatis. Long. 4^^ mm. Nearest to /]/. cnrtipcs but very distinct ; rather narrower, with a narrower base to the thorax, and in colour and sculpture more like JMccyclothorax pclc. Above coal-black, polished, the suture behind rufescent, the raised external margins feebly picescent. The antennae red, at the base, darker outwardly. Thorax strongly transverse and much narrowed behind ; the anterior impression and the median channel distinct. Elytra with a sutural stria extending from base to apex, and with four other very abbreviated striae of punctures. Legs short, red, tibiae and bases of the femora infuscate. One specimen. Hab. Hawaii. Kona, 3000 ft., August, 1894 (Perkins). 35—2 2 74 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (12) Metrothorax siniioluSy Blackburn. Cyclothorax simiolus Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 123. Brevior, niger vel piceus, nitidus, antennis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace cordate, parum transverse, ad basin constricto, angulis posterioribus rectis : elytris latis, con- vexiusculis, stria suturali profunda, punctata, striisque aliis duabus valde abbreviatis. Long. 4 mm. Closely allied to M. curtipes, but with shorter and more convex elytra, with the thorax constricted, and the hind angles very distinct and definite. The head is narrower and the eyes less prominent. The elytra are but litde longer than broad, 2f mm. long by 2 broad, and are nearly twice as broad as the thorax. The sutural stria is deep and definite throughout, all its anterior part is deeply and definitely punctured, outside it there is another stria of punctures much abbreviate, and external to this an exceedingly abbreviate one ; none of the striae, except the sutural one, is in the least visible at the tip ; the suture is reddish, and the raised lateral margin very distinctly yellowish. I think the identification of Mr Koebele's insect with Blackburn's type is correct. Hab. Oahu. One specimen (Koebele). Mountains of Oahu, rare (Blackburn). (13) Mctrothoi'ttx oalmcnsis, Blackburn. Cyclothoi'ax oakuensis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 123. I have seen only the two specimens of Mr Blackburn, in the British Museum, They seem to be a small Mctrothorax, with yellow margin to elytra and thorax, so that the former are almost plagiate ; the striation of the elytra is less reduced than it is in M. simiolus. Hab. Oahu. In the mountains, very rare (Blackburn). (14) Mctrothorax crass?/s, sp. nov. Robustus, baud latus, politus, niger, antennis palpis pedibusque flavis ; prothorace transverso, basin versus angustato, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris stria suturali profunda, preterea parum striatis. Long. 5 mm. Thorax very shining, much narrowed behind, but not at all sinuate, hind angles well-marked but obtuse ; not greatly narrower than the elytra, so that the base is broad ; lateral margin very fine, the median channel fine but definite, the base feebly punctate. The elytra are elongate, the suture pale, the apex flavescent, the lateral margin quite fine. We have received only one specimen of this species, which is nearly equally allied to A/, laticollis, citrtipcs and scaritoides. Its form is like that of M. laticollis, but the COLEOPTERA 275 thorax is different, being more narrowed behind and that In a straighter (less curved) Hne, the hind angle is much better marked. It is larger than M. curtipcs, and has a more elongate after-body. In the shape of the thorax and the polished elytra it is different from M. scaritoides. Hab. Maui. Jao Valley, \V. Maui ; March 1S94 (Perkins). (15) Mctrofhorax debilis, sp. no v. Brevior, piceus, politus, antennis palpis pedibusque Havis, elytris nigricantibus, marginibus et apice rufo-testaceis ; prothorace transverse, basin versus fortiter angustato, angulis posterioribus parum obtusis fere rectis, basi fere impunctata ; elytris brevibus, stria suturali sat profunda, striis externis obsoletis. Long, vix 4 mm. Closely allied to M. ciirtipes, rather smaller than the smallest individuals of that species, with the thorax less strongly transverse, and the elytra in proportion shorter ; the hind angles of the thorax are better marked, the base is narrower, and the anterior parts of the insect are more dilute in colour. Four specimens. Hab. Molokai. Kalawao, 4000 ft., August 1893 (Perkins). (16) Alctrothorax disccdcns, sp. nov. Subdepressus, sat nitidus, niger, antennarum basi, palpis pedibusque testaceis ; thoracis et elytrorum marginibus elevatis flavescentibus ; thorace transverso, angulis posterioribus obtusis ; elytris subtiliter striatis, striis externe et ad apicem evanescentibus. Long. 3^ mm. This is quite different from its congeners, and by its appearance recalls iM. micans and allies. The antennae are short. Thorax strongly transverse, a good deal narrowed behind, hind angles very obtuse, anterior impression absent, median channel distinct, basal punctuation slight. Elytra rather broad and flat, with tour or five striae, not distinctly punctured, and much abbreviated : the suture behind as well as the external margin rufescent. o Though we have received only one example, there can be no doubt this is a quite distinct form. Hab. Maui. Mount Lahaina, 3000 ft., January 1S97 (Perkins). Group BEMBIDIIDES. We have obtained a comparatively small number of species of this group, but they are of great interest, and being small forms it is probable that careful research would reveal several others. Kauai is clearly the metropolis of the Hawaiian Bembidiides, and its high plateau and ridges will require to be very carefully worked before we can consider that the island has revealed to us all its small forms. I have previously remarked that St Helena possessed a parallel Bembidiid Fauna •7 76 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS to that discovered by Mr Perkins on Kauai. It was nearly all brought to light by Wollaston, who found it concealed in the decaying wood and stems of the precinctive vegetation. The St Helena species exhibit a remarkable variety of forms. Some of our species show" a condition parallel with the St Helena forms, in sculpture, in form, and in the reduction of the eyes and atrophy of the wings. Some of Wollaston's species of Endosoniatiiiiu would not look out of place intercalated in the Hawaiian series. If the two faunas can be more completely ransacked for Bembidiids I shall not be surprised if this parallelism is found to be more extensive. Some of the St Helena Bembidiids are very different from the Hawaiian forms and it is clear that the two faunas have had totally different origins. The Hawaiian genera are easily distinguished. Trophi elongate (Plate VII. tig. 24), Wings vestigial Gnatholymiiaeum. Wings ample Nesolymnaiutn. Trophi normal in length, Thorax with two pairs of setae. Wings fully developed Baiihidiuni. Wings atrophied, Eyes well developed Nesocidiuin. Eyes reduced or absent Nesomicrops and Maci-aniHits. Thorax with one pair of setae or none, With one pair placed at the hind angles Atelidiuni. With no setae Mctrocidiuin. Tachys is not included in this table. The species have a deficient complement of striae, one of which is peculiarly recurved behind ; and the front tibiae are not straight externally. Gnatholvmn.\eum, gen. nov. Trophi elongati ; mandibulae et maxillae pertenues. Maxillarum lobus externus valde elongatus, integer, ad basin vix divisus. Oculi parvi. Elytra sulcata. Corpus apterum. This very abnormal form of Bembidiid is remarkable for the sharp and slender long mandibles (Plate VII. fig. 25) which have very little power of movement. The division of the external lobe of the maxilla is rather incomplete, and is indicated only by a very oblique suture near the base. The insect has the facies of Trcchits quite as much as it has of Bciiibidium, but it is completely connected with the latter genus by means of Nesolymnaauu, which looks quite like a Hat Bembidiuni. The genus should be placed at the beginning of the Bembidiides, near Lymnaeum. (i) Gnatholyinnaeuin blackburiii, sp. nov. Rulo-piceus, elytrorum plaga posteriore palpis pedibusque testaceis, antennis rufo- obscuris, basi dilutiore ; elytris sulcatis. Long. 4^ mm. Plate YII. figs. 18 & 25. COLEOPTERA 277 Antennae rather long and slender. Head with two large but not definitely limited, longitudinal and parallel impressions ; eyes small but borne on prominences of the genae. Thorax strongly transverse, a little rounded at the sides, minutely sinuate at the hind angles so as to prevent these from being obtuse; median channel prolonged to the base; on each side at the base a large and deep depression limited externally in front by a slight phca. Elytra parallel-sided, with a patch of paler colour (variable in extent) at or close to the tip ; each with seven grooves (in addition to the one contiguous with the lateral margin), the interstices rather narrow at their summits, the third with two minute impressions. Legs rather long. Five specimens. I have much pleasure in naming this interesting form after my friend the Rev. T. Blackburn, now of Adelaide, but formerly of Honolulu ; it was owing to his exertions that attention was first directed to Hawaiian entomology. Hab. Kauai (Perkins). NEsoLVMNAEU^[, gen. nov. Mandibulae et maxillae elongatae, subrectae. Maxillae lobo externo prope basin diviso. Oculi mediocres. Elytra regulariter punctato-striata, striis octo fere integris. Corpus alatum. This insect has the facies of a Bcmbidiiun but it is nearer to Lymnaeum. The impressions on the front of the head are rather more like grooves than they are in Lyninacuvi, but not so groove-like as they are in BeiubidiiDii. The slender trophi are much like those of Gnatholymiiaeum, and the lobe of the maxilla is conspicuously trans- versely divided near the base : the elongation and straightening of the inner lobes, and their denticulation, are not quite so perfect as in Gnatholyiiinacuiu, and the tips of the mandibles are rather less dagger-like. The basal joint of the front tarsus of the male is much enlarged, and both it and the second joint have the interno-distal angle so much prolonged as to be spinose. The thoracic setae are normal, viz. two on each side. The wings appear to be fully developed. (i) A^esolyiunacnm spurciim, Blackburn. Bciiibidiiuii spurcuin Blackburn, Ent. AIo. Mag. xvii. 1881, p. 228. The longer trophi distinguish this from all the other forms of Bembidiides except GnatJiolyvmaeuni, and from that the black colour and delicately striate elytra separate it at once. I have seen only two specimens of this species, besides Mr Blackburn's type. Hau. Oahu, Molokai, Maui. Molokai, June 1892 (Perkins). Oahu, W'aialua mountains 1902 (Koebele). Haleakala, 4000 ft. (Blackburn). 2 78 FAUNA HAVVAIIENSIS Bembidium Latreille. This is an enormous genus, and as regards exotic forms is but little known. Its European members have however been extensively studied and distributed in numerous subgenera. Mr Blackburn placed two of the Hawaiian species in the European subgenera Notapkus and LopJia. But I cannot follow him in this course. One of our species, B. teres, comes sufficiently near to the subgenus Synechosiicius to warrant its location there. A second species, B. pacificzini, comes near to B. nor- mannuin of the subgenus Emphanes, and I associate it therewith and accompany it with a second species that appears to me to be closely allied. B. ignicola Blackburn, is perhaps allied. Though I place Bcmbidiuni advena here, it has but little relation to any of the others. Only one specimen of it has been found, and I expect that when it can be investigated it will be found to form another peculiar, possibly flightless genus, allied to Nesocidium. This insect has not the peculiarity of the head I refer to in connection with B. pacificum, and at present may be treated as more allied to B. (Synechost ictus) teres. (i) Bembidium {Synechost ictus) teres, Blackburn. Bembidixivi [Lopka) teres Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii. 1881, p. 229. This species has remarkably flat elytra ; this, in conjunction with the normally short trophi, the striate elytra, and the thorax strongly narrowed behind, will lead to its identification. The length is about 5 mm. Hab. Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui; apparently scarce (Blackburn, Perkins). (2) Bembidium [Synec/iost ictus ?) adt'eiia, sp. no v. Subdepressum, fusco-aeneum, antennis nigris, basi, palpis, pedibus elytrisque flavis, his nigro-pictis. Long. 3^ mm. Plate VII. fig. 19. Antennae dark, with the first two joints and base of the third yellow. Head very short, eyes moderate, frontal grooves quite parallel, intra-orbital setae approximate, the surface dull metallic. Thorax transverse, greatly narrowed behind, so that the base is narrow, the surface golden, with a peculiar very fine sculpture, a sort of chasing, making it dull, except in the middle where it is a little shining'. The median channel distinct. Elytra not elongate, rather parallel-sided, the shoulders obliquely rounded, the disc ver\- distinctly quadrifoveolate ; each with seven well-marked striae, continued to near the tip, with faint indications of punctuation, the very fine lateral margin is black, and there is an angular patch of dark purple-black colour at each side, and a transverse, black, common one before the apex. Legs pale yellow. Male with two basal joints of front tarsi dilated, and spinose at the interno-anterior angle. One specimen. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., April 1894 (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 279 (3) Beiubidutm {Emp/iancs) pacificnin, Blackburn. Bembidhmi i^Lopha) pacific inn Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 157. This species is of a brass)- colour abov^e, with yellow marks on the elytra. It is readily distinguished from Syncchostictns by the deep clypeal suture which causes the front part of the upper surface of the head to look much more uneven. I have seen only half a dozen examples. It would not be difficult to imagine this species to be the progenitor of B. iiioio- kaiensc, and the allied forms of N^esocidiuin. Hab. Kauai, Oahu. " Oahu, not rare, but very local, though found in several localities ; it generally occurs running on damp ground" (Blackburn). Kauai, Mountains, Waimea, 4000 ft., May 1S94 (Perkins). (4) Benibidinui {Eiupharics) ij^iu'co/a, Blackburn. Boubidiini! ignicola Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. x\i. 1879, P- I09- I have seen only the specimen in the British Museum, Mr Blackburn's type. It apparently comes somew^hat near both B. pacificiini and B. molokaiensc. It is smaller and darker than B. pacificnm and very deeply sculptured. Hab. Hawaii. One specimen, Kilauea ; " I almost burned my fingers in securing it" (Blackburn). (5) Bembidiuin [Emphanes) nmlokaiciisc, sp. nov. Nigrum, supra plus minusve viricii-micans, antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-testa- ceis, antennis extrorsum fuscescentibus ; prothorace transverso : elytris versus basin subplanatis, ibidemque late bi-impressis ; fortiter seriatim punctatis, dimidio apicali im- punctato, perpolito. Long. 2| — 3 mm. Plate VII. fig. 23, wing. Variable. Like Nesocidium lacticulum, but possessing perfectly developed wings ; in addition to this none of the examples from Molokai agree with that species, which is a native of Kauai. The shape is slightly narrower and more elongate, the colour less brilliant, and the punctures in the striae a little smaller, so that there are generally 12 or 13 in the outer or subhumeral one : this is however variable and of little importance, but the more elongate after-body enables most of the specimens before me to be distinguished from N. laeticuluvi. I have examined the wings (Plate VII. fig. 23) in nearly all the eighteen individuals. They are constant in size, but appear to vary a little as regards the distinctness of the nervures. A variety occurs in which there is a vague but large yellow patch on each wing-case before the tip. Fourteen of the specimens I have seen were found on F. H. III. 36 2So FAUNA HAU'AIIENSIS Molokai, two come from Maui, and two from Kauai. Apart from the full)' developed wings these two Kauai examples appear to me to be indistinguishable from Nesocidium laeticulum. Hab. Molokai. On several occasions in May and June, 1893, 1S94 and 1896, in May and June, 4000 ft. (Perkins). — Maui, Haleakala 5000 ft., April 10. 1894 (Perkins, one specimen. No. 369) : W. Maui, 1902 (Koebele, one specimen). — Kauai, Mountains, Waimea, June 1894, one specimen, October 1895, one specimen (Perkins). NESociniuM, gen. nov. Alae vestigiales. Caput brevissimum. Prothorax utrinque setis duabus munitus. This genus consists of ten species that are flightless, but have the full complement of thoracic setae. These forms are very varied and include some most aberrant Bem- bidiids. The metallic species however are generically distinguishable from Bemhiditivi molokaiense only by the wings being vestigial. In the case of all the species except N. laeiictihwi this degradational character is pretty certainh- complete and in\ariable : but in the case of A^. laeticulum I believe this character loses its value, and I cannot refrain from suggesting that this species is dimorphic, and that the Kauai examples I have placed under B. t/iolokaiensc are sports, or reversional forms of yV. laetictthtin. Section i. Corpus supra metallescens. Elytra quadri-impressa. The anterior impressions are large in all the species except N. kocbelei. The posterior impressions differ, according to the species, in distinctness. ( I ) Nesocidium laeticiihmi, sp. nov. Nigrum, supra auratum, vel viridi-auratum, antennarum basi pedibusque rufo-testa- ceis, antennis e.xtrorsum fuscescentibus ; prothorace fortiter transverso ; elytris versus basin subplanatis, ibidemque late bi-impressis ; fortiter seriatim punctatis, dimidio apicali impunctato, perpolito. Long. 2\ — 2f mm. Plate VII. figs. 20 & 24. This pretty little insect has the thorax strongly transverse, and with very little sculpture in front of its obscure basal margin ; it is very strongly transverse, the sides greatly rounded and much narrowed behind, and the hind angles are prevented from being obtuse by a sinuation that occurs close to them. The elytra are rather short and broad, with seven series of punctures on the basal part ; the sutural series is continued as an impressed stria to the tip of the wing, the other series gradually become shorter, so that the outer one consists of not more than six or eight punctures just behind and outside the shoulder : the anterior impression on each is large and more or less affects three of the series of punctures and interstices : the posterior impression easily escapes notice, being merely a puncture placed on the third interstice. About fifty specimens. COLEOPTERA 281 I have examined the vestigial wings of 18 individuals, and find them to be un- usually variable. They are never in the extremely reduced condition that is attained in many of the Anchomenides, but are always longer than the metanotum ; the smallest vestige is about '4 mm. long, the largest is about i '2 mm. long ; the majority of speci- mens are intermediate but there are three which do not depart very much from the smallest dimension, and there is one that nearly equals the most extreme specimen in the other direction. The individual with the vestige the largest is a specimen of a blue variety, taken at Waimea mountains, Kauai, 4000 ft., May 1894; the specimen that comes nearest to it is the only one of the species that has been found on Maui, Halea- kala, 5000 ft.. May 1894. Another specimen of the Kauai blue variety, the same locality and date as the other, has the vestiges only "6 mm. long, or considerably less than the average. All the specimens are from Kauai except the one individual men- tioned above as found on Haleakala. It is possible that this may prove to belong to another species, as it is in colour, sculpture and form nearer to Beiiibidiu»i iiiolokaiense than are any of the Kauai specimens. The vestiges appear also to be variable in shape, though it is difficult to estimate this as they are often crumpled. The vestige figured (Plate VII. fig. 24) is narrower than that of any other example. In examining this series I found two specimens with the wings fully developed, and I have therefore separated them from this genus and placed them in Bevibidiiuii. I shall not however be surprised if this winged form prove to be a discontinuous variation of N. laetiadiun. If so, we have in A"^. lacticiiluni a species variable as regards the development of the wings in Kauai, and represented in Molokai by an extremely similar form, having the wings always well developed. The material is not however sufficient for final conclusions. Hab. Kauai, Maui. Mountains, Waimea, 4000 ft.. May 1894; Koholuamano, 4000 ft., April 1895. — Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft., June 10, 1894; one specimen (Perkins). (2) Nesoddium lahaincnsc, sp. nov. Nigrum, supra subviridi-micans, antennis pedibusque fusco-rufis, illarum basi femoribusque dilutioribus ; elytris quadri-impressis, fortiter punctato-striatis, parte apicali laevigata, perpolita. Long. 2| mm. Very near A^. laetindimt, but dark in colour, the striae or grooves of the elytra deeper, and the posterior pair of impressions larger. The elytra are a little narrower across the shoulders, so as to make some approach to A'^. smaragdinum. I have examined the wings of the only two .specimens that have been obtained of this species and find that they are reduced to small vestiges. Hab. Maui. Lahaina (Koebele). x6 — 2 282 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (3) Nesocidiuni smaragdinum, sp. nov. Angustum, convexum, nigrum, supra laetissime viridi-micans, antennis pedibusque fusco-rufis ; elytris angustis, humeris nullis, profunde quadri-impressis, fortiter punctato- striatis, parte apicali laevigata. Long, vix 3 mm. At first sight similar to N. laeticuluiu, but undoubtedly distinct, by the form of the elytra, and by the four deep impressions thereon. The basal constriction or neck of the thorax is quite distinct, and the elytra at the shoulders are gently and gradually rounded off. Seven specimens. Hab. Molokai. Mountains, 4500 ft., in June (Perkins). (4) Ncsocidiiiin fiilgens, sp. nov. Angustum, convexum, piceum, supra laetissime viride, antennarum basi pedibusque flavis, antennis extrorsum obscuris ; elytris angustis, humeris nullis, profunde quadri- impressis, fortissime punctato-striatis, dimidio apicali laevigato. Long. 2\ mm. Differs from N. sJiiaragdinunt by the clear yellow legs, and the more deeply grooved elytra ; the head and thorax are slightly narrower, the latter has the surface slightly strigose transversely ; on the other hand the elytra are not quite so narrow as in N. smaragdinum. Six specimens. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft., May 1893 ^i^d June 1896 (Perkins). (5) Nesocidiuni koebelci, sp. nov. Angustum, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, supra nigro-aeneum, antennarum basi pedibusque fusco-rufis ; elytris, basi baud depressa, quadri-punctatis, punctis fere aequa- libus, preterea fortiter punctato-striatis, dimidio apicali laevigato. Long. 2% mm. This differs from the allied species, by the less flat base of the elytra, and by the anterior impressions thereon being smaller, interrupting only the third interstice. The thorax has a distinct constriction at the base, forming a short neck ; the elytra are narrow and have no shoulders. One specimen. We are indebted to Mr Albert Koebele for the discovery of this species. Hab. Oahu. Mountains near Honolulu, 2000—3000 ft., 1897 (Koebele). Section 2. Corpus superne baud metallicum ; elytra interdum parum perspicue quadri-impressa. (6) N^csocidiuni perkiiisi, sp. nov. Piceum, capite rufo, antennarum basi, pedibus elytrorumque maculis quatuor flavis ; elytris profunde striatis, striis in parte basali fortiter punctatis, apicem versus desinenti- bus. Long. 3 mm. A very elegant and perfectly shaped insect ; the elytra exactly oval, each with a large humeral and another pre-apical yellow mark, with broad, deep, perfect, striate COLEOPTERA 28 o sculpture at the base, the interstices between the striae quite narrow, very regular. Eyes moderately large. Antennae with the basal three or four joints yellow, the rest a little darker. Thorax small, straight in front, much narrowed behind, the hind angles definite, not depressed, almost rectangular ; median channel definite. The striation of the elvtra is wanting on the apical portion ; the third interstice is interrupted by two punctures of about equal size, not minute. Two specimens. I have much pleasure in naming this elegant little creature after Mr Perkins. It is rare to find the precinctive Hawaiian forms possessed of perfected details as is the case with N. pcrkinsi\ its form recalls the perfect oudines and sculpture of some of the larger, apterous Carabidae found in various continental regions ; there is a wide gap between it and any other Haw^aiian species, nevertheless I think it may be placed in Nesocidiinu satisfactorily. Hab. Kauai. Koholuamano, 4000 ft., April 1S95 (Perkins). (7) Ncsocidium rude, sp. no v. Piceum, capite rufo, antennarum articulo primo pedibusque flavis, elytris testaceis, plaga magna discoidali communi picea, striato-sulcatis, sulcis indistincte punctatis. Long. 2f — 3 mm. Plate VII. fig. 21. Antennae rather longer and stouter than in the allied forms. Thora.x small, constricted at the base, the hind angles rectangular, median channel deep, transverse anterior impression present. Elytra ovate, deeply striate, the striae broad, indistinctly punctured, becoming vague behind, but still perceptible near the tip, third interstice with two rather large punctures. The colour pallid, with a large dark patch, vague in front, but definite behind, where it comes to a point on the suture a little before the tip. Legs clear yellow. Four examples. This is certainly allied to N. perkinsi, though it looks almost as clumsy as that species does elegant. Hab. Kauai. High plateau, August 1S96 (Perkins). (8) Nesocidiuin corlicariiiiii, sp. nov. Elongatum, convexiusculum, nitidum, fulvo-rufum, antennis palpis pedibusque testaceis ; elytris elongatis, quadri-impressis, ad basin punctato-striatis. Long. 2f mm. ■ This species is concolorous, with only the legs and base of the antennae paler. The eyes are rather small. The thorax is much narrowed behind, and slightly sinuate just at the hind angles, which are nearly rectangular ; the median channel and the anterior impression are obsolete. The elytra are elongate ovate, with si.x striae, or rather series of punctures, the sutural stria is entire, the outer striae are very short, the 284 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS sixth consisting only of three or four rather indistinct punctures ; the pair of impressions on the third interstice small. Five specimens. Similar in size and shape to Nesocidiiivi koebelci, but readily distinguished by the colour and the smaller eyes. Hab. Kauai. Mountains, Waimea, 4000 ft., June 1894; Koholuamano, April 1895 (Perkins). (9) A^csocidhnu atoniaritun, sp. nov. Nigrum, antennarum articulo basali pedibusque sordide rufis ; prothorace vi.x transverso ; elytris ovatis, conve.xis, seriatim parce punctatis, parte apicali impunctata. Long. 2^ mm. Distinguished from N. corticai-iiim by the shorter form, the black colour, and the convex elytra. The antennae are obscure red, with the basal joint red. Thorax not much more than half as broad as the elytra, much narrowed behind, canaliculate on the middle ; the systematic setae long. Elytra very convex, greatly rounded, with similar abbreviated series of punctures, but even more reduced. Hab. Oahu. Mountains near Honolulu (Koebele). On Pipfurns, back of Tantalus, August 1900 (Perkins). (10) Nesocidiiim scydmaenoidcs, sp. nov. Minutum, haud latum, rufulum, nitidum ; prothorace vix transverso ; elytris seriebus paucis et valde abbreviatis punctorum. Long. 2-J mm. Smaller than M. atoniarium, narrower, dark red, unicolorous, and distinguishable from all its congeners by the narrow head with small eyes. The thorax is narrow, very shining, extremely finely canaliculate along the middle, moderately narrowed behind, enlarged just sufficiently at the hind angle to bear the seta. Elytra narrowly oval, convex, with a sutural stria extending to the tip and outside this with three other series, extremely abbreviated so that the outer consists only of about seven or eight rather obscure punctures. One male specimen. Hah. Oahu. Ridge north of Nuuanu Valley, 2000 ft., October 25, 1S92 (Perkins). Atelidium, oren. nov. Corpus apterum, breve, convexum. Caput brevissimum. Thorax utrinque seta unica ad angulum basalem sita. Oculi mediocres. This extraordinary little Bembidiid is much more obese than any of the species of Nesocidium, and is readily distinguished by the absence of the anterior of the two thoracic setae. The striation of the elytra extends considerably nearer to the tip than it does in Nesocidium. COLEOPTERA 285 (i) Atclidiuni iiniiiroi, sp. nov. Breve, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, supra fusco-aeneo-micans, elytrorum aplce maculaque humerali, pedibus, antennarumque basi testaceis ; elytris sulcatis, sulcis ad apicem abbreviatis, obscure punctatis. Long. 3 mm. Plate VII. fig. 22. This is of a peculiar coloration, the upper surface having a faint metallic tinge, a spot at the shoulder and the tip being rather vaguely yellow. The thorax is transverse, slightly sinuate at the sides just at the hind angles, so that these may be described as rectangular denticles, the seta is placed as near as possible to the angle ; the median channel is distinct ; close to each hind angle there is a fovea, and between this and the median channel another depression. Elytra ovate, broad, short and convex, each with rather deep and broad striae, which are more or less distinctly punctate ; they extend a good deal beyond the middle but not to the tip ; the seventh is very short. Fourteen specimens. Named in honour of Mr G. C. Munro, formerly of Kauai, who gave Mr Perkins much assistance in his work. Hab. Kauai. Mountains, Waimea and Koholuamano, 4000 ft. (Perkins). Metrocidium, gen. nov. Corpus apterum, breve, convexum. Thorax absque setis erectis. The genus resembles Atelidium, but is readily distinguished by the absence of thoracic setae. (i) Metrocidium brevicollc, sp. nov. Piceo-ferrugineum, supra capite et thorace subaenescentibus, antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis ; elytris rufo-obscuris, apice pallidiore, punctato-sulcatis. Long. 2\ mm. Similar to Atelidium iiiunroi, rather narrower, with the elytra paler and more concolorous, more deeply sculptured. Thorax strongly transverse, much narrowed behind, and there with a distinct, short constriction, the hind angles rectangular ; the median channel distinct, the lateral margin normal ; on each side with a deep, narrow, curvate impression close to the hind angle, and between this and the middle, with some less definite impressions in front of the base. Elytra very convex, covered with regular, deep, broad striae, which are distinctly punctate and extend much beyond the middle, though they leave the pallid apex unsculptured. Five specimens. Hab. Kauai. Mountains, Waimea, 4000 ft. (Perkins). 2 86 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (2) Metrocidiuni adiuirandiini, sp. nov. Latum, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis ; elytris pallidis, plaga maxima communi nigricante, profunde regulariter punctato-sulcatis ; pro- thorace fortiter transverse, polito, margine laterali abnormaliter elevata. Long. 3^ mm. This little insect is one of the most remarkable of the Hawaiian Carabidae. The antennae are rather dusky red at the base, becoming darker towards the extremity. Thorax strongly transverse, very polished and shining, with a slight brassy reflection, the lateral margin remarkably broad and outstanding, the median channel distinct, the sides much narrowed behind, the hind angles reflexed ; a very deep small depression close to each, and some other inequalities about the base. Elytra very regularly oval, beautifully sculptured, with broad, deep, punctate striae extending nearly to the tip : the short supernumerary scutellar stria absent. Only one example has been discovered. H.\B. Kauai. High plateau, August 1896 (Perkins). Nesomickops, gen. nov. Oculi subobsoleti, parvi, nigrantes. Caput angustum. Elytra Integra. This genus and M acr anil his o^&r a very interesting transition to the blind condition exhibited by small Bembidiids in various parts of the world. They agree with Anillus in having the elytra entire, completely covering the after-body, and the affinities are doubtless with the eyeless Anillus, rather than with the more numerous forms allied to Scotodipmts. In Nesomicrops the small eyes are black, and imperfectly faceted ; moreover under the microscope the pigment appears to be wanting here and there. The mouth parts seem to be quite ordinary, the mandibles well-developed without any proce.ss externally. The short frontal grooves are widely separated, the clypeus large, the intraorbital setae normal. The thoracic setae are largely developed. The other parts exhibit no peculiarity that is not also present in Nesocidium. The small forms of that genus — -N. scydmaenoides e.g. — are doubtless the nearest allies. (i) Nesomicrops kaitaiensis, sp. now Augustus, pallide ferrugineus, antennis, palpis pedibusque flavis ; elytris subtiliter striatis, striis obsolete punctatis. Long. 2^ mm. Antennae moderately long and stout, red, with the base paler. Thorax nearly as long as broad, gently rounded at the sides and feebly sinuate at the hind angles, which are minutely prominent to carry the seta ; the median channel is distinct, the anterior impression obsolete, the surface depressed, adjacent to the hind angles, without punctua- tion. Elytra long and narrow, rather dull, with feeble striae which become obsolete behind except the sutural one, the pair of impressions on the third interstice present, the anterior of the pair distinct, the posterior very small, placed just about the middle of the length. Legs pallid, feeble. Four specimens. Hai;. Kauai. High plateau, August 1896 (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 287 Macranillus, gen. nov. Oculi vestigiales. Caput angustum. Elytra integra. There is a marked difference between the eves of this o-enus and those of Neso- microps, and this induces me to separate the two, tliough no other differential characters have been detected. In Macranilhis the eyes are not pigmented nor facetted, but are represented by two small, smooth, slightly raised areas. The frontal grooves are longer than in Nesomicrops, correlatively with a rather larger size of the head. (i) Mac?-ain7/us coec?is, sp. nov. Ferrugineus, elytris subtiliter striato-punctatis. Long. 2| mm. This insect is more robustly formed than Nesoviicrops kauaitmsis, and has the elytra less pointed behind, and more delinitely punctate. The antennae are stout, dark red in colour, the base paler. The thorax is slightly transverse, not greatly narrower than the elytra, otherwise formed much as in A\ kanaiensis, the lateral margins rather stronger, the median channel fine. Elytra a little shining, the striation rather less developed than in N. kanaiensis, but the punctures a little more distinct. Legs red, rather stout. One specimen. Hab. Kauai. High plateau, August 1896 (Perkins). T.A.CHVS Stephens. The species of this genus are of comparatively little interest. It is doubtful whether they are really precinctive. They are most obscure, minute insects of a kind that occurs in various other parts of the world. (i) Tachys oahucusis, Blackburn. Tacliys oahncnsis Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xv. 1878, p. 158. Hab. Oahu. Not uncommon on salt marshes near the sea (Blackburn). (2) Tachys arcanicola, Blackburn. Tachys arcanicola Blackburn, 1. c. Hab. Oahu. Very local, but not rare ; under bark in some mountain localities, at an elevation of about 1500 ft. (Blackburn). (3) Tachys atonins, Blackburn. Tachys atonnis Blackburn, 1. c. Hah. Oahu. Not rare, in moss, in mountain localities, at an elevation of about 1500 ft. (Blackburn). F. H. III. 17 288 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (4) Tachys mucesceus, Blackburn. Tachys niucescens Blackburn, 1. c. Hab. Oahu. Unique ; in decaying vegetable matter on the plains of Honolulu (Blackburn). Group LEBIIDES. The two forms of this group have very little claim to belong to the Hawaiian Fauna. Plocliiomis pallens appears however to be naturalised, though apparently it does not extend its range. Plochionus Dejean. (i) Plochionus pallens, Faliricius. Carabus pallens Fabricius, Syst. Ent. (1775) p. 244. Plochionus bonfilsii Dejean, Spec. Gen. i. p. 251. Plochionus pallens Bates, Biol. Centr. Amer. Col. i. pt. i, p. 198. Hab. Mauai. Very rare (Blackburn, Perkins). According to Bates this species is so widely distributed that its original home cannot be determined. He says that it frequents the baggage of passengers, so that it is no wonder that it is widely disseminated. SARONYCiiiUiM Blackburn. ( I ) Saronychiuvi inconspicmivi Blackburn. Saronychium incouspicutini Blackburn, Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, p. 142. Hab. Oahu. In Honolulu and on Konahuanui (Blackburn, 2 specimens). Fam. DYTISCHME. Coi'ELATUs Erichson. (i) Copelatus par-^ulus, Boisduval. Colymbetes parvulus Boisduval, Voy. Astrolabe, Ent. p. 50. Copelahis parvulus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) 11. p. 568. Copelattis mauiensis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) in. p. 120. This small insect, of slender, parallel form, and dull, silky surface, 4 or 5 mm. in length, cannot be confounded with the larger Rhantus pacijicus, which is of oval outline and 10 or 12 mm. in length. C.parvulus varies in colour, being sometimes blackish, sometimes dull ferruginous. I am quite unable to distinguish C. mauiensis as anything different from C. parvnius. Hab. Oahu. — Lanai. — Molokai. — Maui. COLEOPTERA 289 Rhantus Lacordaire. Colymbetes pacifiais Boisduxal, \'oy. Astrolabe i. p. 50. Rhantus pacifictis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. (2) 11. {1S82), p. 607. When dealing with this species, 1. c, I stated that it varied so much that there might be two species. I had then only two specimens, and even at present I have seen only seven or eight ; perhaps the difference in the specimens may be chiefly sexual, for the male appears to be considerably larger than the female. Hab. Kauai. — Oahu. — Lanai. — Molokai. — Maui. — Hawaii. — Probably all the islands (Blackburn). § 3. Bionomical notes. The following notes are in larger part gathered from correspondence that has been carried on with Mr Perkins during the preparation of this paper. As the information they give is of considerable interest I think it well to publish them. It will be seen that notwithstanding the small variety of structure that exists in the Hawaiian Carabidae the habits are singularly varied. In other words difterentiation of habits has been up to the present greater than that of structure. This is quite in conformity with the views I have briefly expressed on p. i 79. The doctrine, that differentiation of function precedes, on the whole, that of structure, was expressed by Herbert Spencer many years ago. The remark made on p. 291 by Mr Perkins as to Colpodiscus lucipetens is an exemplification of the same idea. The quotation marks indicate the words of Mr Perkins. They were not intended for publication, but, as I have already said, they appear to me to be ot so much interest that I take the liberty of printing them. His remarks refer chiefly to species of the Anchomenides, but we may hope that he will give us further information about Pterostichides and Bembidiides on some future occasion. Blackbnrnia. p. 191. "Apparently found only under stones." Deropristus, p. 192. "Never under stones, only beneath wood or fern-trunks." Mr Blackburn is said to have found the unique specimen of D. blaptoidcs under stones. Atrachyciiciuis\ p. 193. " Like Dcroprisins, never under stones." Pseudobroscus, p. 196. " Under stones. Certainly very rare ; everything has to be exactly right as to position of rock, dampness, etc., for this insect." Anchoh'fflus, p. 195. The two species are terrestrial ; A. ckgans occurs under logs ; gracilis under stones, Mr Perkins believes. Matma, p. 200. This is also terrestrial, living under stones. ' On p. 19s I have expressed a doubt as to whether this genus is really found in the island of Hawaii. Mr Perkins has now informed me that it is not. The home of A. kocbelei is W. Maui. 17—^ 290 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Derobroscus and Brosconymus, pp. 197, ^98. Though these insects are most difficult to procure it is probable that they are, or have been, really abundant, and that their habits protect them against the collector. Of the four .species Mr Perkins has only been able to find eight specimens during his ten years in the islands. Mr Blackburn, who worked principally in Oahu — the only island on which these forms occur — did not discover their existence. Unlike the preceding genera, all of which are terrestrial, the species of Derobroscus and Brosconymus are arboreal in habits, living for the most part concealed in holes or in the twigs, and extending apparently to any part of the tree that is suitable in its condition. This habit has not pre- viously been recorded for Carabidae, though it is not improbable that it may be subsequently discovered to occur not infrequently in tropical forests. Though this habit (combined with the possibility that these insects may be partially nocturnal in their activities') protects the Derobroscus from the collector, it has failed to afford them a perfect protection from birds ; of which indeed they appear to be a favourite food. " I think it fair to assume that the bird, Oreoniyza viacclata, finds plenty of the green Carabid. I shot four of these birds (two pairs), each pair widely separated — some miles at least. All of these had [in the alimentary canal] many fragments, thoraces and abdominal segments of one of these green Carabids (either Derobroscus or Brosconymus, probably D. poliius). In no case were elytra present, and I am sure the bird tears them off before swallowing the beetle." Derobroscus micans apparently lives beneath tightly-fitting bark with other more commonplace Carabids. " D. po/itus and Brosconymus live in deep, small cavities in branches of trees or in the pith cavity of some dead branch, and they are naturally extremely difficult to find. I have reason to believe that they largely frequent high branches of tall Koa trees (judging from my extensive observations of Oreoiuyza), and that my captures from the lower branches were merely stragglers. Oreoniyza will go over a Koa tree good for these beetles again and again : a small company (a pair or perhaps as many as eight individuals) is sure to be replaced by another such company many times a day, and thev <2o over every crack and hole of the hig^her branches in the most methodical manner." It is very remarkable that these arboreal forms should be quite flightle.ss. Disenockus, p. 200. Some of the species are terrestrial, some arboreal. D. ano- nialus lives under stones ; D. brcvipes, cephalotes, flavitarsis, longipes and fractus are all arboreal, the first four are found only in the moss on the trees, the last in holes. Anchonyiiuts, p. 199. I have already recorded that this species forms a "lead" to Derobroscus ; it lives under the bark, or in the holes, of trees. Chalcomemis, p. 206. These winged forms are all terrestrial. "The Kauai species ' .Mtliough it would appear probable that Carabidae, so much sought by birds, should be active only at night, the comparatively brilliant colour of these Carabids suggests diurnal habits. COLEOPTERA 291 under logs only (I think) ; the others always under stones, and they sometimes range abroad in daylight, especially the Molokai species." Barypristits. p. 208. " B. rupicola untler rocks. B. inccndiariiis subarboreal ; generally under bark of Koa, very low down, near the ground ; or near the ground under bark. Sometimes under a detached Koa limb on the ground." Baryiie7ts, p. 209. This fully-winged form is " truly arboreal, and especially fond of Koa, and is found under the bark, or in hollows in branches, sometimes in the top- most twigs. Female seen ovipositing in the daytime in chinks of the bark of Koa." Colpodiscns lucipctcns, p. 210. "In West Maui, under stones on bank of stream, but in Olaa, Hawaii, generally under logs or fallen fern-stems, or decayed vegetable matter. Might become modified for this reason into two, quite credibly." Prodisenochus, p. 210. "Terrestrial; logs or wood, very particular as to soil, conditions of dampness, etc., like Atracliycuciuis and others, perhaps even more so." Mysticomemts, p. 212. Under bark, as far as Mr Perkins has observed M. tibialis. Colpocaccns tantalus, p. 214. "Under bark of Koa commonly, at bases of the leaves of Ereyciiictia, under stones in wet places and in decaying vegetable matter. Very curious, compared with most of the other Carabids. The other species of this genus are probably more or less indiscriminate in their choice." Mctroincnus, p. 231. In this genus the habits also vary according to the species. " Some are found only under bark, others only at the bases of the leaves ot lilies, Freycinetia ; others purely terrestrial under stones or logs. A few species of this genus and oi iMcsothriscus are irregular in habits, like Colpocacats." Ptfrosticliidfs, p. 243. The species are generally either purely arboreal or purely terrestrial. It is worthy of note that a very large proportion of Mr Perkins' specimens of certain species of Mccyclothorax were taken on one occasion near the summit of Haleakala. J\I. piisilliis, nistiais. iniians and siibcoust rictus were then procured in numbers. These are very closely allied forms, and the distinction ot the species has in this case nothing to do with geographical segregation. -9- FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS \ 4. List of works relating to Hawaiian Caraboidea (arranged chronologically). _ It may be pointed out that in 1S35 only three species were known : and that in the period of 42 years between that date and 1877 no advance whatever was made. 1. Er.chson, W. F. [in] Meyens' Beitrage zur Zoologie, gesanimelt auf eine Reise um d,e Erde Act. Ac. Germanica, xvi. suppl. (1834), pp. 219—284. ' Aiichomeiius co?'niscus, n. sp. 2. BoI.SDuv^.L, J. A. Faune de I'Oceanie. Voyage de TAstroIabe, Zoologie, n ( ,8, Colymbetes parvulus and C. pacificus, n. spp. 3. Blackburn, T Characters of a new genus, and descript.ons of new species, of Geodephaga from the Sandvvicl, Islands. Ent. Mo. Mag. xiv. 1877, pp. 142-148. gen. n. Saroiiychium, and i6 new species of Anchomenides. Blacklmrjiia iiisignis. ^/w./yr«./;/«, /)«,v/,;f/./..-, n. genn. Twenty-five new spp. 6. ■. [As above.] III. Op. cit. xvi. 1879, pp. 104-109. Eight n. spp. Observations on characters of Anchomenides. 7- . [.-^s above] IV. Op. cit. .Kvi. 1880, pp. 226— 229. Seven n. spp. " ^^'rSSr,';;'::!^;^ '"^"^'^-^ ''''''-'- --^ ^■'^--^-'"- Benm. Ent. Zeitschr, "^BSburnlcf'No" ^^•^''^'="^/ ^"^'^'''^ ^-^ ^aui as new. These are discussed by the ttp h ve bee'n'^' " 'h""'" ^'"" '" ^^'"°"^'"^- ^"' '^'^ ^-^ -— ^-btful ti iiie cypes nave been examined. 9. Black.urn T. [As above.] v. Ent. Mo. Mag. xix. 1882, pp. 62-64 UrM/.,ra.r karsc/u, n. sp. ; and observations on Karsch's paper (8) with synonymy Revision of the genera : three n. genn. "• "'"r27„. ^r "" "" """"" '■'""'''•"■ °"' «■ -- ■»»4. pp- 's, .«^ C.A/»to «»„,,„,i „. ,p. s„.e,«,ic c.„alog„e and topographical lable Fi.„™ „f ,,,.> ZOOLOG-ICAL RESULTS based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere, collected during the years 1895, 1896, and 1897, by Arthur Willey, D.Sc. Lond., Hon. M.A. Cantab., Late Balfour Student of the University of Cambridge. Demy 4to. Parts I, II, and III. Price 12s. 6d. each. Parts IV and V. Price 21^-. each. Part VI (completing the work). Price 12s. 6d. PART I. 1898. 1. The anatomy and development of Peripatics novae-britanniae. By ARTHUR WiLLEY, M.A., D.Sc. With Plates I. — IV. and 7 figures in the text. 2. Metaprotella sandaknsis, n. sp. [Caprellidae]. By Dr PAUL MAYER. With 6 figures in the text. 3. On a little-known Sea-snake from the South Pacific. By G. A. BOULENGER, F.R.S. With Plate V. 4. Report on the Centipedes and Millipedes. By R. I. POCOCK. With Plate VI. 5. Account of the Phasmidae with notes on the eggs. By D. SHARP, M.A., F.R.S. With Plates VII.— IX. 6. Scorpions, Pedipalpi and Spiders. By R. I. PocOCK. With Plates X. and XI. PART II. 1899. 7. Report on the specimens of the genus Millepora. By SYDNEY J. HiCKSON, M.A., D.Sc, F.R.S. With Plates XII.— XVI. 8. Report on the Echinoderms (other than Holothurians). By F. JEFFREY BELL, M.A. With figures on Plate XVII. and one figure in the text. 9. Holothurians. By F. P. BEDFORD, B.A. With figures on Plate XVII. 10. Report on the Sipunculoidea. By ARTHUR E. SHIPLEY, M.A. With Plate XVIII. 11. On the Solitary Corals. By J. STANLEY GARDINER, M.A. With figures on Plates XIX. and XX. 12. On the postembryonic development of Cycloseris. By J. STANLEY GARDINER, M.A. With figures on Plates XIX. and XX. 13. On a collection of Earthworms. By Frank E. Beddard, M.A., F.R.S. With Plate XXI. 14. The Gorgonacea. By ISA L. HiLES, B.Sc. With Plates XXII. and XXIII. PART III. 1899. 15. Orthogenetic variation in the shells of Chelonia. By Hans GadOW, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S. With Plates XXIV.— XXV. and one text-figure. 16. Enteropneusta from the South Pacific, with notes on the West Indian Species. By ARTHUR WiLLEY, D.Sc, Hon. M.A. Cantab. With Plates XXVI.— XXXII. and seven text-figures. 17. On a collection of Echiurids from the Loyalty Islands, New Britain and China Straits, with an attempt to revise the group and to determine its geographical range. By Arthur E. Shipley, M.A. With Plate XXXIII. PART IV. 1900. 18. On the anatomy of a supposed new species of Coenopsa^nmia from Lifu. By J. STANLEY Gardiner, M.A., Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. With one plate. 19. On the Insects from New Britain. By D. SHARP, M.A., M.B., F.R.S. With one plate. 20. Report on the Stomatopoda and Macrura. By L. A. BORRADAILE, M.A., Lecturer of Selwyn College, Cambridge. With four plates. 21. Report on the Slugs. By Walter E. Collinge, F.Z.S., Mason College, Birmingham. With two plates. 22. Report on the Polyzoa. By E. G. Philipps, Newnham College, Cambridge. With two plates. 23. The Hydroid Zoophytes. By LAURA ROSCOE Thornely, University College, Liverpool. With one plate. 24. Astrosclera willeyana, the Type of a new Family of Calcareous Sponges. By J. J. LISTER, M.A., St John's College, Cambridge. With five plates. 25. A contribution towards our knowledge of the Pterylography of the Megapodii. By W. P. Pycraft, A.L.S., British Museum. With one plate. 26. The Stolonifera and Alcyonacea. By Sydney J. HiCKSON, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S., Beyer Professor of Zoology in the Owens College, and ISA L. HiLES, B.Sc, Owens College, Manchester. With two plates. 27. Report on the Xeniidae. By J. H. Ashworth, B.Sc, Demonstrator in Zoology, Owens College, Manchester. With two plates. PART V. 1900. 28. A Description of the Entozoa collected by Dr Willey during his sojourn in the Western Pacific. By Arthur E. Shipley, M.A. With Plates LIV.— LVI. 29. On some South Pacific Nemertines collected by Dr Willey. By R. C. PUNNETT. With Plates LVII.— LXI. 30. On the Young of the Robber Crab. By L. A. BORRADAILE, M.A. With figures in the text. 31. Anatomy of Neohelia porcellana (Moseley). By Edith M. Pratt, M.Sc. With Plates LXI I. and LXI 1 1. 32. On a new Blind Snake from Lifu, Loyalty Islands. By G. A. BoULENGER, F.R.S. With figures in the text. 33. On Crustacea brought by Dr Willey from the South Seas. By the Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing, F.R.S. With Plates LXIV.— LXXIV. PART VI. 1902. 34. Contribution to the Natural History of the Pearly Nautilus. By ARTHUR WiLLEY, D.Sc, F.R.S. I. Personal Narrative. II. Special Contribution. With Plates LXXV.— LXXXIII., a map and fifteen text-figures. ilontion ; C J. CLAY and SONS, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, AVE MARIA LANE. (Slaggoto: 50, WELLINGTON STREET. FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS VOL. III. PART IV. THYSANURA F. SlLVESTRl COLLEMBOLA G. H. Carpenter MALLOPHAGA V. L. Kellogg and B. L. Chapman MYRIOPODA F. SlLVESTRl ARACHNIDA [Supplement] E. Simon MACROLEPIDOPTERA [Supplement] E. Meyrick Price Twenty Shillings. To Subscribers Ten Shillings. The Fauna Hawaiiensis is being published in parts at irregular inter- vals, and will it is hoped be completed in three Volumes. Contributions have been made or W. H. ASHMEAD ... G. H. Carpenter ... Prof. FiLIPPO SiLVESTRI F. E. Beddard, F.R.S. M. A. DOLLFUS Prof. AUGUSTE FOREL p. H. Grimshaw, F.E.S. G, W. Kirkaldy, F.E.S. E. Meyrick, F.Z.S. R. C. L. Perkins, B.A. .. D. Sharp, F.R.S. ... A. E. Shipley, M.A. M. EuG. Simon The Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing, F.R.S. E. R. Sykes, F.Z.S. The Lord Walsingham, F.R.S promised by the following, viz. Hyiueuoptera Parasitica. Collenibola. Thysanura and Myriopoda. Earthworms. Isopod Crustacea. Formicidae. Diptera. Hemiptera. Macrokpidoptera . iVertebrata, Hyinenoptera Acttleata, ' Orthoptera, Neuroptera, and part of Coleoptera. Part of Coleoptera. Parasitic Worms. Arachnida. AmpJiipod Crustacea. Mollusca. Microlepidoptera . N.B. The parts of the three Volumes are being published concurrently in order to expedite the completion of the work. The price of each part will vary according to its extent and the number of Plates. Subscribers to the whole work will be charged half-price for each part. The parts will be sent, as published, to each subscriber who has paid for the preceding part. Orders should be sent to C. J. Clay & Sons, Cambridge Warehouse, Ave Maria Lane, London, E.C., either direct or through any bookseller. Payments for each part should also be made to Messrs C. J. Clay & Sons. FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS OR THE ZOOLOGY OF THE SANDWICH (HAWAHAN) ISLES Being Results of the Explorations instituted by the Joint Committee appointed by THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON FOR PROMOTING NATURAL KNOWLEDGE AND THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE xA,nd carried on with the assistance of those Bodies and of the Trustees of THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM AT HONOLULU. EDITED BY DAVID SHARP, M.B.. M.A., F.R.S. SECRETARY OF THE COMMITTEE. VOLUME 111. PART IV. THYSANURA by FILIPPO SILVESTRI : COLLEMBOLA by GEO. H. CARPENTER: MALLOPHAGA by V. L. KELLOGG and B. L. CHAPMAN : MYRIOPODA BY FILIPPO SILVESTRI: ARACHNIDA [Supplement] by EUGENE SIMON : MACROLEPIDOPTERA [Supplement] by EDWARD MEYRICK. Pages 293 — 366 ; Plates VIII — XII, luieoloured. CAMBRIDGE : AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 1904 \AU Rights reserved ?\ April 9, 1904. UonOon: C. J. CLAY AND SONS, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, AVE MARIA LANE. Blaanooj: 50, WELLINGTON STREET. 11,ti;)!i5; F. A, BRnCKH.\US. l^caj gork: THE MACMILL.AN COMP.\NV. loomijaH anti Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO., Lrn. THYSANURA By FILIPPO SILVESTRI COLLEMBOLA By GEO. H. CARPENTER MALLOPHAGA By V. L. KELLOGG and B. L. CHAPMAN MYRIOPODA By FILIPPO SILVESTRI ARACHNIDA (Supplement) By EUGENE SIMON MACROLEPIDOPTERA (Supplement) By EDWARD MEYRICK 293 THYSANURA. u/>.. By Filippo Silvestri (Bevagna, Italy). '^• (Plate VIII.) No Thysanura have, until now, been known from the Hawaiian islands. The collection of these Insects, that I have studied through the kindness of Dr D. Sharp, comprehends only four species, all new and belonging to the cosmopolitan genera Japyx (i), Machilis (2), and Lepisma (i). The small number of the species does not permit any inference as to the distribution of these interesting Insects, but I hope that the Entomologists of the Hawaiian islands will give more attention to this group, and publish supplementary information on the Hawaiian Thysanura and on their relationship with those of other islands. Fam. CAMPODEIUAE. Campodea Westw. Individuals of this genus are very numerous in the Islands, but Mr Perkins has not been able to preserve any specimens in a state fit for study or identification. He has observed that this Insect is introduced in the earth connected with imported plants. Fam. JAPYGIDAE. Iapvx Hal. ( ' ) J'^Py-'^' sharpi, sp. nov. Pallide cremeus, segmento abdominali decimo et forcipe ferrugineis, forcipis mar- ginibus latericiis. Antennae sat breves, basi incrassata, apicem versus gradatim magis attenuatae, articulis 38 compositae, articulo singulo latiore quam longiore, setis longis sat robustis et setis sat brevibus instructis, articulo quarto setis tribus sensoriis (PI. VIII. fig. i — 2, s' — s') instructo, articulis quinto et se.xto setis sensoriis quinque (fig. i — 2, s' — s", s" — s") in articulo singulo. Setae sensoriae (fig. 3) valde attenuatae, parte distali plumosa. Thorax. Tergita et sternita setis nonnullis longis et setis sparsissimis brevibus instructa. Pedes coxa et trochantere setis nonnullis longis, femore .setis duabus inferis, longioribus et setis superis nonnullis sat brevibus, nee non seta longa, tibia infra setis duabus sat longis, robustis, nee non setis sat brevibus .sat robustis et setis brevibus, tarso F. H. III. 3^ 294 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (fig. 4) infra setis longis, sat robustis, sat numerosis aucto, quam tibia fere duplo breviore, praetarsi unguibus longis, ungue majore quam tarsus fere \ breviore. Abdomen. Tergita setis 6 antice, quarum laterales ceteris longiores, et setis 4 posticis longioribus, quarum duo laterales, duo submedianae sunt, nee non setis nonnullis brevibus instructa. Subcoxae segmenti primi (fig. 5 sc) papilla laterali setis brevibus et brevioribus pluribus, nee non serie marginali setarum sat longarum aucta, instructae et setis nonnulis anticis sat longis, setis brevioribus et setis medianis posticis uniseriatis praeditae. Subcoxae segmentorum 2 — 8 (fig. 6) setis nonnullis longis, robustis, irregulariter 4-seriatis, nee non setis paucis brevioribus auctae. Styli attenuati, conici, acuti, breviores, seta brevi externa instructi. Tergitum septimum (fig. 8) utrimque postice rotundatim valde exciso, angulo postico acute producto. Segmentum decimum fere \ longius quam latius, setis sparsis sat longis auctum. Forcipis (fig. 7) brachium dextrum quam laevum parum crassius, dente majore ad eundem brachii laevi opposito et quam idem parum minore, tuberculis basalibus 5 — 6 sat magnis, tuberculis distalibus minimis fere usque ad apicem brachii sistentibus. Brachium laevum quam dexterum parte distali aliquantum magis attenuata et arcuata, tuber- culis distalibus supra inconspicuis, subtus vix manifestis. F"orcipis brachia setis nonnullis longis et setis nonnullis brevibus aucta. Long. corp. m. 10; lat. segmenti septimi i, 8; long, antennarum 2, long, forcipis I, I Hab. Kauai: Kaholuamano (Perkins, iv. 1895); Halemanu 4000 feet, v. 1895 Perkins. This new species, which I have much pleasure in naming in honour of Dr Sharp, is easily distinguished from others b)- the form of the forcipula and the armature of the antennae and of the subcoxae of first abdominal segment. Fam. MACHILIDAE. Machilis Latr. (i) Mac/ii/is perkinsi, sp. nov. $ Long. Corp. 15 ; lat. thoracis 3, 2 ; long, antenn. 20, long, cerci mediani 10 (probab. 20 — 25). Long, cerci lateralis 5, long, styli primi o'9, long, styli ultimi i'^. Color in exemplo in spiritu vini asservato, castaneus. Oculi (PI. VIII. fig. I 7 6i) parvi, inter sese spatio perparvo tangentes. Oculus singulus parum minus quam ^ latior quam longior. Ocelli (fig. 9 oc et fig. i 7) nigri, transversales subrectangulares, aliquantum magis externe quam oculi incipientes, et usque ad dimidiam partem eorumdem extensi. Antennae squamis et setis instructae, quam corpus \ longiores, articulo primo (fig. () A) quam clypeus et labrum, simul sumpta, parum longiore, parum minus quam f longiore quam latiore, cetero apicem versus gradatim parum attenuato. THYSANURA 295 Palpi maxillares (fig. 10 pa) crassi, sat breves, squamis et setis brevibus vestiti, articulo sexto ceteris crassiore et infra ad apicem pulvillo brevi, sed latiore aucto, articulo primo processu supero postero (fig. 10 pr) subtriangulari, perbrevi instructo, articulo sexto quam ultimus ^ longiore, articulo ultimo apice rotundato. Palpi labiales (fig. i i pi) articulo ultimo cylindrico, apicem versus parum incras- sato, appendiculis subconicis, sat brevibus, aucto. Thorax. Arcus thoracicus sat parvus. Pedes sat longi et sat robusti, primi paris (fig. 12) femore multo magis quam duplo longiore quam latiore, tarso quam tibia \ longiore, articulo tertio tarsali quam secundus ^ breviore, setis sat longis et sat brevibus, subtilibus instructo. Pedes ceteri processu coxali quam coxa fere duplo breviore. Abdomen. Sternum (fig. 13) parte mediana {stm) triangular! sat parva, in seg- mento quarto aeque longa ac lata. Styli i — 7 sat attenuati, setis subtilibus sat longis, nee non seta longa et robustiore apicali aucti. Styli ultimi quam subcoxae parum breviores, seta apicali quam stylus f breviore. Vesiculae subcoxales duo in segmentis abdominalibus i — 7. Penis quam paramera paullulum longior et quam subcoxae parum brevior. Cerci squamosi, parte proximali cercorum lateralium setis brevioribus robustis armata. Cercus medianus quam corpus \ longior, quam cerci laterales f longiores. Hab. Kauai: Mt Waimea, 4000 feet, Perkins 1894, v. I know no species with the male palpi as in this, which I take pleasure in naming after Mr Perkins, the Entomologist, to whom science is indebted for his careful investigation of the fauna of the Hawaiian islands. (2) Machilis keferopus, sp. nov. Long. corp. 13 ; lat. thor. 3 ; long, antenn. 20; long, cerci med. 18; long, cerci lat. 7; long, styli primi i ; long, styli ultimi r6. Color in exemplis exsiccatis castaneus, nitens. Oculi (PI. VIII. fig. 18 0) sat parvi, inter sese spatio sat parvo tangentes. Oculus singulus parum minus quam ^ latior quam longior. Ocelli (fig. 18 oc) nigri, trans- versales, subrectangulares, a margine laterali oculorum usque fere ad eorundem partem medianam extensi. Antennae squamis et setis instructae, quam corpus aliquantum minus quam duplo breviores, articulo primo quam clypeus parum longiore, \ longiore quam latiore, cetero apicem versus gradatim parum attenuato. Palpi maxillares (fig. 14) sat attenuati et elongati, articulo primo processu supero postico {pr) triangulari, sat magno, aucto, articulo ultimo quam penultimus paullulum breviore, conico, parte distali articuli quinti, articulis sexto et septimo antice setis brevibus, spiniformibus armatis. Palpi labiales articuli ultimi apice sat clavato. 38—2 296 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Thorax. Arcus thoracicus sat parvus. Pedes sat longi et sat attenuati, primi paris femora parum magis quam duplo longiore quam latiore, tarso quam tibia parum longiore, articulo tertio tarsal! parum magis quam \ quam secundus breviore, infra setis subtilibus sat brevibus instructi. Abdomen. Sternum parte mediana sat magna, in segmento quarto fere ^ latiore quam longiore. Styli i — 7 setis brevibus, ad apicem longis, subtilibus, nee non seta apicali longa, robusta aucti. Styli ultimi quam subco.xae parum magis quam \ breviores, seta apicali quam stylus fere duplo breviore. Subcoxae segmentorum abdominalium I — 7 utrimque vesicula singula auctae. Ovipositores tenues, setis subtilibus, sat lirevibus instructi, quam styli ultimi aliquantum longiores. Cerci squamosi, parte proximali setis robustis, brevibus infra armati, et setis spiniformibus sat longis, in verticillis, inter sese parum remotis, dispositis. Cercus medianus quam corpus fere \ longior, quam cerci laterales aliquantum minus quam I brevior. ^ Pedes primi paris (fig. 15) tibia infra valde producta et pulvillo setarum perbrevium aucta, tibia tota \ longiore quam latiore. Palpi maxillares attenuati ut in foemina. Penis (fig. 16 pe) quam subcoxae parum brevior, et quam paramera postica [par-) paullulum longior. Hab, Kauai : Koholuamano, 1895 Perkins. — Oahu: Waianae Mts. Nuuanu Valley (Perkins iv. 1892); Lanai, 2000 feet (Perkins i. 1894). — Maui: Haleakala, 5000 feet, Perkins v. 1896. — Hawai : Olaa, 2000 feet. This new species is very distinct by the form of the tibia of the front legs of the male. Lepisma Linn. (i) Lcpisina /ta7i'aiieiisis, sp. nov. $ (PI. VIII. fig. 19 — 19^) L. supra griseola nitens, subtus argentea. Antennae in exemplis a me inspectis certe articulis partim abruptis, corpori.s longitudine aliquantum longiores existimatae, attenuatae. Oculi parvi. Palpi maxillares attenuati, 5-articulati, articulis 4 — 5 inter sese subaequalibus. Palpi labiales articulo ultimo valde dilatato, crassiore. Thorax tergitorum margine postico sinuato, marginibus lateralibus setis brevibus instructis. Pedes coxis magnis rotundatim valde dilatatis, femore et trocantere infra setis sat robustis instructis, tibia infra setis nonnullis robustis paucis et setis numerosis brevioribus, subtilibus aucta, tarso longitudine subaequali, tarso (fig. 20) articulis quatuor composito, sed articulo quarto a tertio parum distincto, praetarso unguibus lateralibus magnis, sat arcuatis. THYSANURA 297 Abdomen. Tergita i — 9 margine postico areolls parvis tribus, setis nonnullis robustis auctis, instructo, areolarum duo sublaterales, duo laterales superae, et duo laterales inferae. Subcoxae segmentorum i — 7 areolis setosis tribus marginalibus instructae, quarum utrimque una lateralis, una impar mediana est. Styli segmenti 8' quam idem segmenti 9' aliquantum breviores, pilis brevibus vestiti. Tergitum decimum (fig. 22 — 23 /"") magnum, postice triangulariter valde producto apice acuto, setis marginalibus nonnullis auctum. Cerci attenuati setis sat longis et robustis verticillatis aucti, in exemplis a me inspectis partim abruptis, aliquantum magis quam corporis longitudo longiores existi- mandi sunt. Lamina supraanalis (fig. 23 Is) postice valde sinuata. J (PI. VIII. fig. 24) quam foemina aliquantum minor. Tergitum decimum (fig. 25 — 26 /"") quam idem foeminae brevius. Laminae adanales (fig. 26 la) lateraliter aliquantum acute productae. Penis brevior, paramera (fig. ij par) quam ape.x subcoxae, acute valde productus, parum breviora, subconica. Hab. Kauai 4000 feet (Perkins). This species appears to me very distinct by the form of the loth abdominal tergit. J99 COLLEMBOLA. u f a,. '^-^.. By Geo. H. Carpenter, B.Sc. Lond., M.R.I.A. ""'"'^^."^ (Plate IX.) The Collembola or Springtails are insects whose wingless condition is apparently primitive ; they differ from the Thysanura or Bristletails, the other division of the Aptera, in having only six evident abdominal segments, to the fourth of which belongs the peculiar saltatory organ, formed by the partial fusion of a pair of appendages and known as the "spring." The maxillulae — a small pair ot jaws between the mandibles and maxillae — are fairly well developed in the Collembola as in the Thysanura ; in the winged insects these jaws are always vestigial or absent. Nothing has been hitherto published on the Collembola of the Sandwich Islands. Indeed very little is known of these insects outside Europe and North America. Therefore, although the five species described in the present paper appear to be peculiar to the Sandwich Islands, it is not impossible that some of them may yet be found in other parts of the world, or may be shown, by the discovery of connecting links, to be not distinct specifically from other forms. All of the species belong to large and widespread genera, and four of them have been found each on but one of the islands. The fifth, which is the only representative of the family Achorutidae, occurs both in Oahu and in Maui. Two of the three families of Collembola are represented in the collection, the most highly specialized family, the Sminthuridae, characterised by their sub-globular abdomen with indistinct segmentation, being absent. The two families to be dealt with are easily separated as follows : Spring well-developed; body scaled or not scaled Entomobryidae. Spring vestigial or absent ; body never scaled Achorutidae. The Achorutidae are represented by one species only. Three genera ot Entomo- bryidae are present, which may be distinguished thus : Fourth segment of abdomen nearly the same length as the third Isotoma. Fourth segment of abdomen at least three times as long as the third. Body covered with scales Lepidocyrtus. Body without scales Entomobrya. 300 FAUNA HAUAIIENSIS Fam. ENTOMOBRYIDAE. Lepidocvrtus Bourlet. This is a large and widespread genus, many species of which have been described from various regions. The discrimination of the species is difficult on account of the slight, comparative characters on which most of them are founded. (i) Lcpidocyrtiis hcterophthalimts, sp. nov. (PI. IX. figs, i- — 6). Length 2 mm. Antennae slightly longer than the head ; relative length of segments as 3 : 5 : 3 : 7 (fig. i ). Eight ocelli on each side, two proximal much smaller than, and behind the other six (fig. 2). Thora.x markedly overhanging head. Feet without tenent hairs ; each upper claw with two small but distinct teeth ; lower claws elongate and untoothed, those on fore-feet less elongate than those on middle and hind-feet (figs 3, 4). Fourth abdominal segment four times as long as third. Dens as long as manubrium ; mucro elongate with the usual apical tooth, a prominent ante- apical tooth and a rather stout basal tooth (fig. 5). Colour of dried specimens silvery- white with metallic reflections. Scales very variable in form, but all markedly longer than broad (fig. 6). The absence of tenent hairs on the feet, together with the size and arrangement of the ocelli, distinguish this species from all the Lepidocyrti known to me. Its nearest ally seems to be Z. ralumensis, .Schaffer ', from Ralum, in the Bismarck Archipelago, which has short tenent hairs on the feet, and the two proximal ocelli much smaller than the other six, but not so distinctly posterior in position as in this Hawaiian insect. Hab. Hawaii : Kona, 2000 ft, Perkins, Sept. 1892 ; Mauna Loa, 4000 ft. Entomobrya Rondani. Degeeria Nicolet, Nouv. Mem. Soc. Helvet. Sci. Nat. 1842 (nom. praeocc). Sinella Brooke, Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) 1882. This is another cosmopolitan genus in which many species have been described, largely on account of differences in colour and markings. Two very distinct forms — one from Hawaii and the other from Kauai — are present in the Sandwich Islands. They may be readily recognised thus : (a) Colour yellow with lateral purple stripes ; feet with tenent hairs ; mucro with basal tooth insularis. (d) Colour yellow with complex purple markings ; feet without tenent hairs ; mucro with no basal tooth kalakaua. ' Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte, lxiv. 1898, Bd. i. p. 418. COLLEMBOLA 301 (1) Entoniobrva uisiilaris, sp. nov. (PI. IX. figs. 7 — 11). Length 2 mm. Antennae 27 times as. long as head ; relative length of segments as 6 : I I : 9 : 10 (fig. 7). Eight ocelli on each side, arranged as usual in an outer sinuous and an inner even row, the hindmost ocellus of the latter much smaller than the rest (fig. 8). Legs slender and very long Feet with very prominent tenent hairs; upper claws straight with two prominent teeth ; lower claws untoothed, parallel-sided in fore-foot, more tapering on middle and hind-feet (figs. 9, 10). Fourth abdominal segment five times as long as the third. Dens nearly as long as manubrium ; mucro stout, with straight ventral edge, blunt apical tooth, prominent ante-apical tooth and slender basal tooth (fig. 11). Colour pale chrome yellow with purple markings, viz. — paired narrow lateral stripes on head, marginal stripes on mesothora.x, angular marks on metathorax, and lateral stripes from front of abdomen to the middle of the fourth segment. Body and legs with numerous plumose hairs. Structurall)-, this species seems to come nearest to the widespread E. viarginata Tullb. (see Schaffer, loc. cit. supra), but the dark bands on the hinder edge of each abdominal segment, which characterise even the pale varieties of that insect, are quite wanting in the present form, which is moreover of larger size and possesses more robust foot-claws and mucrones than the European species known to me. Hab. Hawaii: Mauna Loa, 4000 ft., August, 1892, two specimens; Kona, 2000 ft., Perkins, Sept. 1892, several specimens. (2) Entoiuohrya ka/akaiia, sp. nov. (PI. IX. figs. 12 — 16). Length 2'3 mm. Antennae (last segment missing) about half as long as head and trunk ; relative length of segments as 5 : 10 : 9 : ? (fig. 12). Eight ocelli on each side, three large and a smaller hind one arranged in the outer slightly sinuous row, and four in an inner straight row, the front one small, the next smaller, and the two hinder widely separated and very small (fig. 13). Feet without tenent hairs, upper claws strong and slightly curved, each with two prominent teeth ; lower claws small, untoothed and tapering (figs. 14, 15). Fourth abdominal segment four times as long as third. Dens slightly longer than manubrium ; mucro with prominent ante-apical and apical teeth, but without basal tooth (fig. 16). Colour bright chrome-yellow with complex purple markings consisting of lateral stripes on the head, broad lateral stripes and central patches on the mesothorax and metathorax, broad transverse bands with sinuous front- margins on the hinder edge of the second and third abdominal segments ; on the fourth abdominal segment four lateral stripes, the two outer of which have an irregular, zigzag form, and unite centrally and anteriorly; on the fifth abdominal segment an apical patch. First antennal segment light purple, second and third dark violet. The presence of sixteen ocelli and the absence of tenent hairs on the feet render this species an interesting link between typical Entomobryae (with sixteen ocelli and F. H. III. 39 302 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS tenent hairs) and Sinella (with few ocelli and no tenant hairs). The proposal of Schott', supported by Schaffer, that these two groups are not generically separable, thus finds strong support. It is satisfactory that the single specimen of 'this handsome species is better preserved than most of the collection. Hab. Kauai, Koholuamano, Perkins, April, 1895. 0"^ specimen only. IsoTOMA Bourlet. This large and cosmopolitan genus is easily recognised by the absence of scales, the forwardly directed head, and the appro.ximate equality in length of the third and fourth abdominal segments. The single species in the present collection is of very small size, and presents an unusual assemblage of characters. (i) IsotoDia perkinsi, sp. nov. (PI. IX. figs. 17 — 19). Length i mm. Antennae \-^ times as long as head; relative length of segments as 3 : 6 : 4 : 5 (fig. 17). Eight ocelli on each side. Each foot with a tenent hair, upper claw evenly curved and toothless, lower claw with a small tooth (fig. 18). Spring evidently borne on the fourth abdominal segment", elongate ; dens three times as long as manubrium ; mucro with evenly curved ventral edge, two rather prominent teeth and a small accessory tooth (fig. 19). Colour apparently purplish-yellow with the antennae dark, the legs and spring pale. The single specimen on which this species is founded had unfortunately been allowed to dry up, so that it was impossible to make any detailed examination of the ocelli or to see the post-antennal organ. The peculiarity of the species lies in the evident presence on the fourth abdominal segment of an elongate and slender spring, with a typical mucro. Usually in the genus Isotoma, when the spring occurs in this position (instead of apparently on the fifth segment) it is short with a stout and blunt mucro. Hab. Kauai, Koholuamano, Perkins, April, 1895. One specimen. Earn. ACHORUTIDAE. Neanuka MacGillivray. Anoiira Gervais, Suites a Buffon, Insectes Apteres, 1844 (nom. praeocc). The insects of this genus are characterised by the tuberculate appearance of the body, the conical projecting mouth, the absence of a lower claw to the foot, of anal spines and of pseudocelli ; also by the presence ot a peculiar sense-organ at the tip of the fourth antennal segment. Ocelli and a post-antennal organ are usually present. Several species of the genus have now been described from various parts of the world. That ' Proc. Calif. Acad. Sciences (2), vol. vi. 1896, p. 180. - Willem has shown (Me'm. Cour. Acad. Roy. Sciences Belgique, Lvui. 1900) that the spring of the Collembola always belongs to the fourth abdominal segment, though in most forms it looks as if inserted on the fifth. COLLEMBOLA 303 now before us seems to be by far the most plentiful and widespread springtail in the Sandwich Islands. (i) N^eauura citrouclla, sp. nov. (PI. IX. figs. 20 — 27). Length 2 mm. Colour in life' light orange. Head as long as broad. Antennae half as long as head (fig. 21), relative length of segments as 5 : 7 : 4 : 6 ; a groove at the distal end of the second segment (fig. 2-j gr), a reduced sense-organ on the third segment (hg. 27 a. 0. 3), the characteristic antennal organ on the fourth segment consisting of several small globular prominences closely grouped together- (fig. 27 a.o. 4). Ocelli three on each side (but in some specimens two only can be distinguished); apparently degenerating and without pigment (fig. 26). Post-antennal organ rudimentary, consisting only of a inw extremely minute prominences in a groove of the integument (fig. 26). Six prominent globular tubercles on each body segment (fig. 20). Feet with elongate setae and long evenly curved claws, each with a single tooth and a small basal appendage (fig. 22). Vestiges of the spring (fig. 23/) can be seen on the ventral aspect of the abdomen. A dissection of the jaws of this species (fig. 25) shows that the mandibles have a series of sharp teeth at their extremity, of which the proximal is much the largest (fig. 25 d), while the maxilla possesses a distinct galea with teeth (fig. 25 c, ga), a lacinia fringed with curved setae (fig. 25 c, /a), and a small conical palp (fig. 25 c, /). The maxillulae (fig. 25 a, b, mxl) are very delicate, but quite distinguishable. This species comes nearest to the Oriental N. fortis, Oudemans', which has six ocelli but no post-antennal organ and no tooth on the claw, and the Alaskan N. ornata Folsom', which exhibits the degraded ocelli of the present species, but is white in colour, and has the tooth of the foot-claw basal in position. In general aspect our insect resembles N. tasmaniae Lubbock', from Tasmania, of which few structural details are given. The latter species, however, is purplish in colour. Hab. Oahu : Waianae Mts., 2000 ft., Perkins, April 1892, Sept. 1896, under bark of Acacia : Honolulu, July 1896. — Maui: Haleakala, 5000 ft., Perkins, May 1896. There can be little doubt that the five species described in this paper represent but a fraction of the springtail-fauna of the Sandwich Islands. ' I am indebted for this character to a MS. note by Mr Perkins. All the specimens are now dried up and white. It is very likely therefore that the breadth of the insect is relatively greater than shown in fig. 20. ^ For an account of these organs see Absolon, Zool. Anzeiger, xxiv. 1901, pp. 575 — 585, and Borner, Zool. Anzeiger, xxv. 1902, pp. 92 — 116. ^ Weber's Ergebn. Reise Nederl. Ostindien, 1890, p. 91. * Proc. Washington Acad. Sci. iv. 1902, p. 89. '" Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) xxvii. 1899, p. 335. 39—2 d^O C. MALLOPHAGA FROM BIRDS OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. By V. L. Kellogg and B. L. Chapman, Stanford University, California'. (Plate X.) [155] The INIallophaga (biting lice) identified and described in this paper were collected by INIr Richard C. MacGregor from birds shot and identified by himself in the Hawaiian Islands, and constitute the first collection of insects of this order made in the islands. The collection includes twenty species of parasites taken from twelve species of birds. Of these twenty species fourteen are here named and described as new, four are named and described as varieties of previously known species, while but two can be considered typical representatives of already known species. Of the twelve bird species composing the list of hosts, four are species peculiar to the Hawaiian Islands, and the parasites of these hosts are all new species except the two taken from the Hawaiian coot, Fulica alai. The collection is too small and the new species in it altogether too strongly in the majority, to make profitable any attempt to compare the Mallophaga of Hawaii with those of other regions. The occurrence of Lipeiirus docophoroidcs, the typical parasite of the California partridges, on the introduced Indian " minha " is interesting, but is probably explained by the ground-feeding habits of the "minha" and the introduction into Hawaii of the partridges. Interesting also and not so readily explicable is the occurrence of Oncophorus adena, a characteristic parasite of coots and found in the Hawaiian coot, on the forest inhabiting honey-sucker, Vestiaria coccinea. The following is a list of the papers by Kellogg (as sole or joint author) constantly referred to in the following pages by abbreviated titles. New Mallophaga, i ; Contributions to Biology from the Hopkins Seaside Laijoratory of the Leland Stanford Junior University, No. iv. 1896. New Mallophaga, u ; Contributions to Biology from the Hopkins Seaside Laboratory of the Leland Stanford Junior University, No. vii. 1896. New Mallophaga, ui ; Contributions to Biology from the Hopkins Seaside Laboratory of the Leland Stanford Junior University, No. xix. 1899. ' Reprinted, by permission, from the Journal of the New York Entomological Society, Sept. 1902, PP- 15s — 169, Pis. xiii, xiv, xv. The digits in square brackets give the original pagination. 3o6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS A List of the Biting Lice (Mallophaga) taken from Birds and Mammals of North America, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. XXII. pp. 39 — 100, 1899. [156] Mallophaga from Birds of the Galapagos Islands, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., Vol. iv. pp. 457 — 499, 1902, Pis. .\xviii — xxxi. Mallophaga from Birds of the Pacific Coast of North America, Jour. New York Ent. Soc, vol. x. pp. 20 — 28, 1902. The nomenclature of the host birds used in this paper is that adopted by Bryan in his Key to the Birds of the Hawaiian Group (1901, Bishop Museum, Honolulu). DOCOPHORUS. (i) Docophoriis cotuviunis, Nitzsch. Docophorus comnnons Germar, Mag. ftir Ent., iii. p. 290, 18 18: Kellogg, List of N. A. Mallophaga, p. 50, 1899. From Carpodacns mcxicaiius obsairus (Pun Olai, Maui Island), and Miiiiia iiisoria. (2) Docophoriis tnacgregori [sp. no v.]. $. Body, length r45 mm.; width, '53 mm.; head dark chestnut-brown, body uncoloured with distinct triangular lateral blotches ; genital blotch showing through body. Plate X. fig. I. Head, length -5 mm. ; width '48 mm. ; triangular, forehead tapering and clypeal front narrow and slightly concave, with two short hairs on the lateral margin, one longer hair rising in front of the sutures, and one short prickle at the suture ; trabeculae pro- minent, nearly as long as the first two segments of the antennae, deep chestnut-brown at the base, with uncoloured tip ; eye indistinct with one long hair, and near the posterior margin a second long hair ; temples rounding, with four long hairs, the three in the temporal angle are pustulated, occipital margin weakly convex ; ground colour of head chestnut-brown, signature distinct, anterior margin deeply concave, with a slight lateral constriction near the anterior angles, lateral margins rapidly diverging, forming sharp posterior angles, the posterior margin extending backward in a long, acute angle beyond the mandibles ; antennal bands interrupted at the suture, dark chestnut-brown, the pos- terior e.xtremities bending inward and back, meeting the dark brown occipital bands ; temples an even rich chestnut-brown. Prothorax small, lateral margins slightly diverging ; lateral blotches dark chestnut- brown, separated by a broad light medium line ; lateral margins blackish. Metathorax with strongly divergent lateral margins, angulated on abdomen, with distinct lateral blotches separated medially by an uncoloured line, with a series of long pustulated hairs along the posterior margin. Sternal markings of dark chestnut-brown, intercoxal lines showing through the surface. Legs pale chestnut-brown, darkening slightly on anterior margins. MALLOPHAGA 307 Abdomen ovate, widening gradually to segment 4 and rounding rapidly to seg- ment 9, lateral angles rounding with one to three long hairs ; many long, pustulated, dorsal hairs in a transverse series in the posterior margin of each segment ; lateral transverse triangular blotches dark chestnut-brown, darkening slightly on the lateral margin ; the posterior margin interrupted by the uncoloured pustulations ; median portion of the abdomen uncoloured ; segment 8 entirely brown ; segment 9 narrowly emarginate, a few short prickles on the posterior margin ; genital blotches distinctly dark brown, broadly rounding on segment 5 and rapidly tapering to sharp angle on segment 8 : two distinct pustulations in the lateral angles on segment 6. [157] Z- Body, length i' i;^ mm.; width, '5 mm.; htjad, length '5 mm.; width ■48 mm. ; abdomen broadly ovate, last segment flatly rounding, with very long hair in the lateral angles; segments 6 — 9 entirely chestnut-brown. Specimens from Chlorodrepanis virens (Kahului, Maui Island, and Jao Valley', Maui Island). (3) Docopliorits fiiligiiiosiis /laivaiicnsis [var. nov.]. Docophorus fuliginosus Iiaivaiioisis Kellogg, New Mallophaga, i. 1S96, p. 80, PI. iii, fig. 2; List of Mallophaga, 1899, p. 47. Measurements of male, body length 1 '6 mm., width "75 mm., head length -6 mm., width '6 mm., abdomen broadly ovate to subcircular, distinctly turbinate, strongly coloured, showing but little light uncoloured median region, segments i — 6 with series of strong pustulations. Many specimens from Charadrius doniinicus fuivus (Kahului, Maui Island) and from Hefcractitis incanus (Hito [?Hilo], Hawaii Island) may be referred to the species fuliginosus, but they show well-marked varietal differences. NiRMUS. (i) Nirviiis niiuhacusis\%'^. nov.]. %. Body length i'S3 mm., width -40 mm., pale golden brown. Plate X. fig. 2. Head, length '65 mm. ; width -38 mm. ; narrowly elongate, conical, with the clypeal margin broadly rounding ; its uncoloured clypeal region expanding in front of the suture ; seven hairs on the margin of forehead, two of which are longer than others and arise dorsally ; antennae with second segment longest, and segment 5 longer than segments 3 or 4 ; eye not prominent, with one hair, temples with sides nearly parallel, one long pustulated hair in the broadly rounded temporal angle and three short prickles on the margin ; occipital margin slightly concave, without hairs or prickles ; general ' " las Valley " in the original. D. S. 3o8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS colour of the head pale golden brown, clypeal signature pale brown but distinct, narrow- ing slightly posteriorly ; anterior and posterior margins slightly convex ; antennal bands broad anteriorly but little darker than general colour of the head, deepening to black- brown at the antennal fossae ; ocular blotch distinct, black-brown ; temporal borders narrow but well marked until interrupted by the pustulation, broader just below the eye ; occipital blotches distinct. Prothorax short, sides parallel ; posterior angle with one long pustulated hair ; general colour pale brown with whitish median line and narrow dark lateral bands. Metathorax with broad rounding sides, diverging posteriorly ; one long hair in the posterior angle ; posterior margin with a long, acute, median angle ; lateral submarginal band, widening near the anterior angle and again in front of the posterior angle. Legs pale golden brown without dark markings. Abdomen narrow, elliptical ; broadening rapidly to segment 4 ; posterior angle distinct, with i — 2 long hairs; broad transverse band of pale brown separated by a distinct uncoloured median line extending to segment 6, bands shining in segments 6 and 7 ; lateral bands dark golden brown, broader anteriorly ; posterior margins of .segments uncoloured ; last segment broadly rounding with a slight emargination. One specimen from Aci'idofkeres tristis (Hahaina [? Lahaina], Maui Island). [158] (2) Nirnms stenozomis [sp. nov.]. $. Body, length 2 mm. ; width "4 mm. ; long, slender, pale yellow brown with distinct blackish marginal markings on the abdomen. Plate X. fig. 3. Head, length 4 mm. ; width 36 mm. ; elongate, conical with a very narrow, slightly convex anterior margin, two short marginal hairs near the front ; a loner weak hair in front of the trabeculae which reach as far as the second segment of the antennae ; antennae with second .segment longest, segment 5 longer than segments 3 or 4, colour pale yellow brown ; eyes inconspicuous, with a short prickle near the posterior margin ; temporal margins flat with one long pustulated hair and a few short prickles ; ground colour of head yellow brown with golden brown antennal band, bending sharply in at the antennae ; anterior margins separated by an uncoloured clypeus ; temples bordered with narrow band of dark chestnut-brown ; a pale brown shield-shaped occipital blotch surrounded by a V-shaped uncoloured marking extending from the dark-coloured mandibles to the occipital margin. Prothorax short with rounding lateral margins ; one hair in the rounding posterior angles ; pale golden brown lateral borders ; metathorax trapezoidal with widely diverging sides (posterior angles extending beyond the lateral margin of the abdomen), a few short prickles and one long hair in the posterior angles, posterior margin slightly rounding on the abdomen ; chestnut-brown marginal markings, paling anteriorly after the constriction ; 3/ A L L OPHA GA 309 no distinct sternal markings. Legs pale yellow brown, concolorous with the body, with darker marginal markings. Abdomen very long and slender with subparallel sides ; abdominal segments gradually widening to segment 6, segment 7 slightly narrower and abruptly tapering with segment 8 ; two hairs in the posterior angles ; segment 8 broadly rounding with slight emargination ; pale yellowish-brown with blackish-brown linear bands on the lateral margins of segments i — 7 ; last segments without dark markings. Two females from JMnnia nisoria and Vesiiana coccinca (Hilo, Hawaii Island). The specimen is much like ductilis but shows distinct abdominal blotches. (3) Xininis diaprcpcs [sp. nov.]. %. Body, length 1-55 mm.; width •53 mm.; white, with dark brown to black marginal bands, brown median abdominal markings. Plate X. f^g. 4. Head, length -46 mm. ; width 4 mm. ; conical, front slightly concave, with five marginal hairs placed equidistant in front of the trabeculae, a few dorsal hairs extending beyond the margin ; trabeculae large, uncoloured ; antennae uncoloured, segment 2 longest, 3 and 4 about equal ; segment 5 as long as both segments 3 and 4 ; eye incon- spicuous with short prickle ; temporal margins slightly rounding with one, long, weak, pustulated hair in the angle, two short prickles on lateral margin behind the eye ; pos- terior margin straight, with two stiff bristles near the lateral angle ; ground colour of the head yellowish- white, clypeus uncoloured, antennal bands rather broader than other body markings, black fading inwardly, distinct interruption in front of the trabeculae ; ocular blotch distinct, black, meeting the temporal bands which grow narrow at the temporal angles and disappear on the occipital margin ; the mandibles chestnut-brown, a shield-shaped occipital signature chestnut-brown, darker in narrow anterior angle. [159] Prothorax quadrangular, with fiatly rounding sides, posterior angles rounded with one hair : dark brown marginal border ; intercoxal lines of sternum showing through. Metathorax with widely diverging sides ; posterior angles extending beyond the first .segments of the abdomen ; a series of long pustulated hairs along the broadly acute posterior margin ; dark brown blotch in the anterior angles ; black brown blotches in posterior angles, fading inwardly to a narrow brown band remote from the posterior margin which is pale golden brown. Legs palest golden brown, femora and tibiae with dorsal marginal black markings with a blackish-brown annulation near the distal extremity, a few short stiff hairs. Abdomen elongate ovate, sides subparallel ; segments i to 4 rapidly widening ; lateral angle acute with from one to three long weak hairs ; narrow black brown marginal markings on segments 1 to 8 ; segment 8 with pale brown submarginal band passing in an elongate curve across the segment broadening on the median line ; F. H. in. 40 3IO FAUX A HAWAIIENSIS segment 9 uncoloured, deeply emarginate, with one short prickle and one long hair each side of the emargination ; segments 2 — 8 with a broad median blotch separated from the lateral border by a broad uncoloured band. t. Body, length J"25 mm.; w-idth '46 mm.; head, length "38 mm. ; width '38 mm.; last abdominal segment protruding, narrowly rounded with several long hairs each side of the middle of the posterior margin, segment 8 narrow, with small pale blotch near lateral margins, segments 8 — 9 with broad continuous median blotches ; genitalia com- posed of narrow bars, showing through segments 6 — 9. Male and female from I'estiaria coccinca (Hilo, Hawaii Island). (4) Airmiis orariiis kaivaiicitsis [\-ar. nov.]. A^irjuus oraritis liaxvaiiensis Kellogg, New Mallophaga. i. 1896, p. 104, PI. v. fig. 5 ; List of Mallophaga, 1899, p. 55. ?. Body, length i "5 mm. ; width '38 mm. ; head, length '25 mm. ; width '26 mm. ^. Body, length i '3 mm. ; width 33 mm. : head, length '4 mm. ; width '26 mm. ; head not so elongate as in orarius, clypeus not extending so far laterally, colour of head translucent with distinct occipital signature, abdomen with distinctly darker brown transverse bands. Several specimens from CharadHus dominicus fulvus and Fulica alai (Kahului, Maui Island) can be referred to this species, but differ in such degree as to make them entitled to varietal rank. ^5) A^irinits glorias us emargitiatns [\'ar. no\'.]. Nir7nus glo)'iosHS emarginatus Kellogg and Kuwana, Mallophaga from Birds of the Galapagos Ids., Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci., vol. iv. 1902, pp. 457 — 499, fig. i, PI. xxi.x. %. Body, length 1 '9 mm. ; width '38 mm. ;.head, length -43 mm. ; width '26 mm. ^. Body, length 1 '6 mm.; width '^^t, mm.; head, length •41 mm.; width '25 mm.; clypeus with distinct emargination, general colour paler chestnut-brown. Several specimens from Attous stolidus (Kahului, Maui Island) can be referred to this species but must have a varietal name. LiPEURL'S. (1) Lipcitms docophoroides 7nin/iaensis [var. nov.]. Lipeurus docopkoroides niinhaensis Piaget, Les Pediculines, 1895, P- oil' J^'- -^-^viii. fig. 9 ; Kellogg, List of Mallophaga, 1899, p. 63. [160] %. Body, length 2 mm.: width i '05 mm.; head, length '58 mm.; w'idth "5 mm. MALLOPHAGA 311 One female from Acridothercs tristis (Lahaina, Maui Island) which shows such a disproportionate width of body when compared with typical specimens of the species that it must be considered the type of a variety. Oncophorus. (1) Oncoplionis adx'ciia Kellogg. Oncophorus adveiia Kellogg, New Mallophaga, i. 1896, p. 130, PI. xi. figs, i — 2; List of Mallophaga, 1899, p. 66. From Fnlica alai (Kahului, Maui Island), Vestiaria coccinea and Heteractitis incaniis (Hilo, Hawaii Island). This parasite is normal on the coot {Fiilica), but is a wholl)- unexpected find on the hone\'-creeper ( Vestiaria). GONIOCOTES. (i) Goiiiocofcs c/iiiicnsis [sp. nov.]. Goniocoti's c/iincnsis $. Body, length 2 •3 5 mm. ; width '96 mm. : whole body translucent with dark golden brown marginal markings on thorax and posterior margin of head, but paling distinctly on the abdomen. Plate X. fig. 5. Head, length '65 mm. ; width '85 mm. ; front broadly rounding with several short weak hairs on margin in front of the antennae, which are long and pale in colour, the first segment longer than the second and the third and fourth subequal and together about as long as the second segment ; eye fiatly rounding with one short spine near the posterior angle ; temporal margins sharply diverging, meeting the occipital margin in an acute angle, with two long hairs and one short spine on a sharp angular projection of the temporal margin beyond the real angle of the temples. An acute angle each side of the median angle of the occipital margin, each with a short prickle ; ground colour of the head pale translucent yellow with a narrow band of darker yellow on the rounded front. These bands fade slightly inwardly, and in front of the antennae turn in and darken distinctly into golden brown, fading towards the mandibles which are also dark chestnut-brown ; distinct chestnut-brown blotch in front of the eye, the temples with distinct yellow marginal bands ; occipital margin dark chestnut-brown, fading inwardly. Prothorax narrow, sides slightly diverging, posterior angles not prominent, with one long weak hair, dark golden brown lateral bands and the sternal markings showing through as broad golden brown bands, bending in and back and meeting in a broad sternal shield on the metathorax narrow, indistinct ; a long hair in each lateral angle ; dark golden brown lateral bands paling inwardly. Legs pale with slightly darker marginal band and few weak hairs ; front pair very short and weak, .second pair little stronger. 40 — 2 312 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Abdomen obovate, widening gradually to segment 4 and broadly rounding to the last segment ; one to three hairs in the posterior margins, growing longer on the posterior segments ; last segment rounding with narrow deep median emargination ; a few long and short hairs on the margin ; ground colour translucent pale yellow, lateral bands of darker yellow, growing paler after segment i, resembling somewhat a series of vertebrae, last segment without distinct markings. From Tiirtitr chineiisis {\\.2^m\\\\, Maui Island). COLPOCEPHALUM. [161] (i) Colpoceplialu)!! kilanensis [sp. nov.]. Colpocephaluni kilanensis %. Body, length r55 mm. ; width '5 mm. ; elongate, pale golden brown with dark chestnut-brown markings on the head and thorax, and paler brown marginal border on the abdomen. Plate X. fig. 6. Head, length "36 mm. ; width '4 mm. ; front flatly rounding with a slight median angulation, palpi and antennae barely projecting beyond the head ; one short hair each side of the median line, one long stift hair and one stiff bristle each side of the front (not like timiduni) on the rounding anterior angle, a single stiff hair just back of a slight lateral depression, and one very long and three shorter hairs and two short prickles on the lateral margin just in front of the ocular depression ; eye with a slight but distinct emargination ; ocular fringe distinct ; temples broad with flatly convex lateral m.argins, with a few white hairs, and three longer hairs ; occipital margin broadly concave, with four hairs pale golden brown with small dark brown ocular blotches and black ocular flecks ; pale brown clypeal blotches ; dark brown of mandibles showing through the head ; temples without marginal markings. Prothorax with a short spine and long stiff hair in the sharp lateral angles, one long hair on lateral margin; series of hairs on the narrowly rounded posterior margin; ground colour darker brown than head or abdomen and sternal markings showing through. Metathorax with rounding angles, sides slightly diverging and showing a slight emargination where the mesothorax and metathora.x have fused ; a hair and a stift bristle and one prickle in the posterior angle ; ground colour golden brown, anterior angles bordered with dark brown, lateral margins bordered narrowly with brown ; this band leaves the margin and cuts off the posterior angles. Legs the paler brown of body; femora thickened and many stiff hairs. Abdomen elongate oval ; posterior angles of segments not projecting ; a i'ew short hairs on the lateral margin, growing longer on the segments 6 and 8 : numerous non- pustulated hairs scattered irregularly over the dorsal surface, last segment slightly convex with a series of short hairs along the posterior margin, two rather long hairs on MALLOPHAGA 313 the lateral margin, and one very long hair each side of the median line; body colour pale fuscous, and uncoloured longitudinal line running parallel with the lateral margins on segments i — 8 ; outside of the line on each segment a dark fuscous blotch, showing darker triangular transverse blotches on segments i — 7 ; last segment uncoloured, with pale transverse blotches fading inwardly. Specimens from Heteractites incaiiiis (Hilo, Hawaii Island). This species re- sembles tiniidinn closely e.xcept in size and a few minor details. (2) Colpocephalum cpiphancs [sp. nov.]. Colpocephaliim tpiphancs %. Body, length 2 mm. : width '63 mm. : long and slender, dark fuscous brown. Plate X. fig. 7. Head, length '36 mm. ; width '5 mm. ; front fiatly rounded ; si.x hairs on the front ; sides of front slightly diverging with seven marginal hairs, the tour just in front of the ocular emargination strong and stiff; ocular emargination deep and narrow, with a prominent ocular fringe ; eye large with distinct emargination and black ocular fleck ; antennae projecting slightly beyond the margin of the head ; temples widely projecting, narrowing rapidly posteriorly ; three very long hairs, a few shorter hairs and several [162] bristles on the rounding temporal margins; occipital margin broadly concave, bare ; pale fuscous with dark brown clypeal blotches barely separated from the dark ocular blotches ; temples narrowly bordered with dark brown deepening to black on the broad occipital band, fading anteriorly to meet the ocular blotches, mandibles dark, showing through the head. Prothora.x narrow, short, a spine and long hair in each obtuse lateral angle ; one long hair on the lateral margin and a third long hair in the latero-posterior angles ; po.sterior margin broadly conve.x ; colour dark tuscous with narrow lateral line of dark brown. Latero-posterior angles with dark brown blotch ; two small dark triangular dorsal blotches each side of the median line (sternal markings). Metathorax bell- shaped, a few prickles on the lateral margins; posterior angle with four short spines and two long stiff hairs ; colour dark tuscous deepening in the posterior angles ; a distinct pale suture between the meso- and metathorax, with a slight lateral angular emargination and an uncoloured median line across the mesothora.x. Sternal marking consisting of distinct shield-shaped blotch of clear brown, the lateral angles being dark brown on the prothorax ; a broad metathoracic blotch with dark intercoxal borders. Legs long, fore femora greatly thickened, some stiff hairs ; concolorous with head, narrow dark marginal markings. Abdomen elongate oval with a series of short prickles along the lateral margins of the segments ; after segment 5 one or two hairs in the posterior angles of segments, these angles not extending enough to break the regular elliptical margin of the abdomen; 314 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS colour dark fuscous with black lateral border, broader on the first segments of abdomen, diminishing to a narrow line on the anterior half of the last segment ; a pale longitudinal line running parallel with the lateral margin ; each segment with a broad median trans- verse band separated by a pale line from the other segments ; dorsal surface thickly scattered with short hairs ; last segment narrowly rounding with long hairs on the lateral margin and fringe of fine short hairs along the posterior margin ; a pale uncoloured line on the posterior margin with large pustulations in the anterior ends of clear region. Three females taken from A nous s/olidiis (Kahului, Maui Island). (3) Colpocfplialiim brachysoiiiiDii [sp. nov.]. Colpocephaliiin brachysomum %. Body, length i'33 mm.; width ■; mm.; short, broad, pale fulvous with dark brown to black markings on head. Plate X. fig. 8. Head, length "36 mm. ; width '6 mm. ; front flatly rounding, a short weak hair each side of the median line, a second weak hair on the lateral margin of the front ; two long and two short hairs on the lateral angle in front of the ocular emargination ; antennae projecting beyond the margin by its last segment ; eye large, distinctly divided, the larger anterior portion filling the angle of the ocular emargination, while the posterior portion lies apparently on a ridge which e.xtends across the temples, a distinct black fleck in the larger portion of the eye ; few stiff hairs in the ocular fringe, growing more irregular in length on the anterior portion of the prominent, rounding temples, one of these hairs very long, a few shorter hairs on the posterior margin ; occipital margin weakly concave, with a long hair and short spine each side of the median line ; colour pale yellowish-brown ; large ocular dark chestnut-brown blotches extending laterally by the black ocular fleck ; dark brown clypeal blotches extending inwardly to the dark mandibles ; occipital band distinct, widening into deep ruddy brown angular occipital blotches, which fade anteriorly. [163] Prothorax broad anteriorly, angles with one long hair and a short spine; a short spine and one long hair on the broadly rounding lateral margin ; colour yellow brown with no distinct markings. Metathorax narrow with abruptly diverging sides ; a series of short stiff spines along the lateral margin. A number of long hairs in the rounding posterior angles ; posterior margin straight with a series of long hairs ; pale brown with darker brown angular lateral blotches. Legs robust, pale brown with darker marginal bands ; a number of short stiff hairs on the outer margin of the tibia. Abdomen broadly elliptical, the lateral margins broken by slightly projecting posterior angles of the segments ; many long and short stiff hairs along the lateral margins and a series of stiff hairs along the posterior margins of each segment, the hairs longer on the posterior segments ; ground colour pale yellow brown, growing paler MALLOPHAGA 315 posteriorly ; darker brown lateral bands on all segments save the last, these lateral bands interrupted interiorly by a pale line parallel with the lateral margins, last segment broadh' rounded, pale \ellow to uncoloured posterior margin ; a few long weak hairs on the margin and a series of short weak submarginal hairs. Specimens from Asio accipifiyiuus (Jao \'alley, Maui Island), and from Caradriiis doiiiinicus fuhns (KahuUii, Maui Island). (4) Colpocephaluni coiispicitujii [sp. nov.]. Colpocephalum conspicuiwi %. Body, length i'28 mm.; width -^5 mm.; weakly coloured, pale fuscous with conspicuous dark golden brown markings on the head, thorax and abdomen. Plate X. hg. 9. Head, length "25 mm. ; width ^4 mm. ; front with slight median angle, one short weak hair each side of the front : a slight angle in front of the palpi ; two long stiff hairs on the slight elevation in front of the ocular emargination, three stiff hairs from the ventral surface e.xtending beyond the margin ; eye large, slightly flattened with a black ocular blotch: ocular fringe- distinct with few stiff hairs; temples broad with flatlv convex lateral margins bearing several hairs of various lengths, two being pustulated ; occipital margins broadly concave with one long hair, one short hair and one prickle each side of the median line, ground colour pale fuscous with narrow dark brown ocular border, meeting the paler clypeal blotches ; mandibles dark brown ; a pale brown rectangular signature showing through the head. Prothorax ; anterior margin broadly convex; antero-lateral anodes obtuse, a strong- angle on the lateral margin with one strong hair ; three long hairs on each lateral half of the rounded posterior margin ; ground colour darker fuscous than head, dark brown sternal markings showing through. Metathorax pentagonal, the me.solhorax and meta- thorax distinctly separated ; sides of the metathorax diverging, one long hair and three spines in the posterior angle, posterior margin with a series of long hairs ; colour dark fuscous on the prothorax, darker on the mesothorax, dark chitinous band of coxae showing through as a marginal border of the anterior angles ; sternal markings dark intercoxal, lines consisting of a distinct wedge-shaped marking on the prosternum, pale fuscous bordered posteriorly with a narrow dark band, and an indefinite blotch on the metasternum tapering to a dark acute posterior angle. Legs concolorous with the body with small brown markings. Abdomen elongate, elliptical, broadest on segment 5 ; posterior angles of segments slightly extending each with one long hair and a spine in the angle ; a series of irregular hairs on the posterior margin of segments, growing thinner medially ; last segment abruptly narrower than segment 8, posterior margin rounding with a fringe of fine [164] uncoloured hairs ; pale fuscous with distinctly darker lateral bands darker on the posterior and inner margin ; a slight suggestion of transverse bands on segments 3 — 6. 3i6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS t. Body, length ri3 mm. ; width "41 mm. ; darker colouring of abdomen, more dorsal and ventral hairs, segment 8 longer than segments 3 — 7 ; a distinct uncoloured line in the posterior margin of .segment 7 ; genitalia strongly chitinized, con.spicuous, extending through segments 2 — 9 ; last segment rounding with two long hairs and several short hairs on the margin. Many specimens from Carpodacus fuexicanus obsciiriis (Kahului and Pau (.'') Olai, Maui Island). (5) Colpocephaliwi discrepaus [sp. nov.]. Colpocephaliiiii discrtpaiis ?. Body, length i'2i mm.; width '68 mm.; golden brown with dark chestnut ocular blotches, occipital bands and darker lateral bands on the abdomen ; unusually short and rounded for a Colpocephalum. Plate X. fig. 10. Head, length '38 mm. ; width '58 mm. ; front Hatly rounded, with a short hair each side of the median line ; a few on the margin in front of the antennae which extend beyond the head by the full length of the last segment ; one very long hair and two shorter ones in front of the ocular emargination ; emargination deep and acutely angular; eye large, nearly divided, with a conspicuous black fleck in the larger anterior part ; ocular fringe distinct and with few graduated hairs ; temples gradually widening to the rounding posterior angles ; many hairs of irregular length on the anterior half of the temples ; two very long and a few short hairs and spines in the posterior angle; occipital margin concave with a long hair and a short spine each side of the median line ; colour of the head golden brown, with large ocular blotches and triangular occipital blotches of dark blackish-brown connected by a band of paler brown ; an even band of dark brown connects the triangular occipital blotches ; a dark brown blotch each side of the clypeus in front of the antennae connected with the dark mandibles and the ocular blotches by a pale brown blotch. Prothorax short and strong, anterior angles with a long hair and short spine in the angle ; pustulated hairs along the rounding lateral posterior margin ; same golden brown colour as head, transverse chitin band distinct with a short dorsal hair at the outer ends of bar ; dark chitin bars extending back from the anterior margin across the prothorax. Metathorax short, appearing like the first segment of the abdomen ; sides rapidly diverging ; two short spines and a long hair in the posterior angles ; a series of strong pustulated hairs along the straight posterior margin ; median portion of the segment golden brown, the posterior angles with a broad triangular band of darker brown. Lf;gs pale golden brown with darker blotches at the joints and a narrow marginal band of dark brown. Abdomen broadly ovate, short hairs and spines on the lateral margins and a long hair in the posterior angle of each segment ; a series of long pustulated hairs along the MALLOPHAGA 317 posterior margin of the segments ; last segment broad, rounded with a few strong hairs in the margin. Colour dark golden brown with darker brown lateral blotches. t- Body, length i mm. ; width 'i mm. ; head, length '33 mm. ; width '55 mm. ; shorter than the female ; abdomen with segments 5 — 7 narrowed distinctly in the middle ; genitalia extending forward to segment i (seeming even to go into the metathorax). [165] A single specimen from Carpodacus viexicavus ohscnrus and from Anons s/o/iiiiis (Kahului, Maui Island). Menopon. (i) Meiioptvi hazvaiiensis [sp. nov.]. $. Body, length i mm. ; width '6 mm. ; being thus unusually broad and short for the Meuopoii type ; fuscous, translucent, with no well defined markings except the black ocular flecks and the intercoxal lines which show through the body. Plate X. fig. II. Head, length "21 mm.; width 51 mm.; broad and short; a slight angulation in front, on each side of which a very short hair and one longer hair ; palpi with a long terminal segment extending slightly beyond the rounding front ; two long strong hairs and two shorter weaker hairs on the rounding angle in front of the ocular emargination ; the emargination is slight but distinct ; eye large, nearly divided by a large ocular fleck ; ocular fringe with few spines ; temples projecting narrowly, with four hairs on the rounding margin, two of which are very long, a few short prickles and a few shorter hairs arising on the dorsal surface ; occipital margin broadly concave, a long hair on each side of the median line ; colour of head pale fuscous, a darker band across the front deepening where the palpi and mandibles show through the head, ocular band darkening anteriorly ; occipital margin narrowly bordered with pale brown ; on the under side of the head there are two strongly chitinized backward-projecting, pointed processes, arising from the labium, and these show through the head giving the impression of dark occipital bands. Prothorax short, with a very long hair and two prickles in the obtuse anterior angle, a series of four long pustulated hairs and four prickles on each side of the rounding lateral and posterior margin ; the transverse chitin bar distinctly pale brown, intercoxal lines showing through distinctly. Mesothorax narrow with posterior angles sharp, with a long hair and two spines in the angle, chitinous bars extending longi- tudinally from the anterior angles across the segment. Metathorax narrow, appearing like the first abdominal segment, a dark chitinous bar extending from the anterior lateral margin of the mesothorax back across the metathorax cutting off the posterior angles ; a series of short hairs along the posterior margin ; sternal markings consist- ing of small triangular median blotch with narrow chitinous bars arising laterally and F. H. III. 41 3i8 FAUNA HAU'AIIENSIS extending forward and outward to the anterior angles of the prothorax ; dark curving intercoxal bands on the mesothorax ; legs translucent, fuscous with distinct brown margins. Abdomen broadly ovate, posterior angles obtuse and slightly projecting with a short spine and from one to two long hairs in the angle ; a series of hairs along the posterior margin of each segment ; entire abdomen a darker fuscous than the head or thorax, a narrow transverse band of darker brown across each segment : last segment broadly rounded with a series of hairs along the posterior margin. . One female from Chlorodrepanis virens (lao \'alley, Maui Island). (2) Menopou cyrtostigniuni [sp. nov.]. $. Body, length i mm. ; width '46 mm. ; short, broad ; golden brown, darker on abdomen, black brown ocular bands with many stiff spines on body. Plate X. fig. 12. Head, length '26 mm. ; width 4 mm. ; front broadly and evenly rounding with two short hairs near the median line, a weak hair in front of the slightly projecting palpi ; one short hair at the suture ; two long and one shorter pustulated hairs in front [166] of the distinct ocular emargination ; eye inconspicuous but with a distinct black fieck ; ocular fringe distinct, composed of stiff curving hairs which extend slightly on the temporal margin ; temples rounding, narrowing posteriorly with five long pustulated hairs and two short spines on the margin : occipital margin broadly concave with one short hair near the outer angle ; colour of the head pale fuscous with narrow dark chestnut-brown ocular blotches and black ocular Hecks : dark markings on front of head showing through from palpi and mandibles ; occipital margin with narrow band of dark chestnut-brown, darkening slightly at the occipital blotches. Prothorax short, anterior angles projecting but little with a long hair and two short prickles in each : a series of six hairs on the broadly rounding posterior margin ; colour darker brown 'than the head, wedge-shaped blotch and dark intercoxal bars showing through distinctly from the sternum. Mesothorax distinctly separate from the meta- thorax by a series of short spines. Metathorax long, little broader than the prothorax ; side slightly divergent with one short spine on the lateral margin ; three short spines and one long hair in each posterior angle ; a series of weak hairs on the posterior margin ; colour chestnut-brown, lighter than the prothorax, darker in the anterior angles, and a narrow band along the lateral margins, legs robust, of the palest fuscous colour of the head, with darker band and semi-annular rings ; many short stiff hairs on the front of the femora and tibia. Abdomen broadly elliptical ; small as compared with the large head and thorax ; a few short stiff spines in the posterior angle of the segments, with a long hair in angles of segments 2 — 8. A series of long stiff hairs on the posterior margin of each segment ; MALLOPHAGA 319 each segment with a pale transverse band, darkening on the posterior margin, and the lateral margin interrupted by a narrow uncoloured submarginal band parallel with the lateral margins of the abdomen ; last segment broadly rounding, without dark markings, with two long hairs and a short spine on the lateral margin ; genitalia dark brown, extending forward into segment 5 and showing through the body distinctly. %. Body, length i-i6 mm. : width -26 mm. ; head, length -y^ mm. ; width •38 mm.; much paler in colour than male, only showing dark markings on the head. Specimens from Vestiaria cocci iiea, Hiinatioiic sanguinea (Hilo, Hawaii Island) and Chlorodrepanis virens (lao Valley, Maui Island). (3) Mcuopoii hilciisis [sp. nov.]. %. Body, length '91 mm. ; width -48 mm. ; short, broad, pale fuscous without well- defined markings. Plate X. fig. 13. Head, length -21 mm. ; width -4 mm. ; front broadly rounding with two short hairs each side of the front ; one very long and one shorter hair in front of the ocular emar- gination ; ocular emargination distinct but shallow ; eye large, quite filling the angle, distinctly cleft with a large ocular Heck and two stiff prickles, protruding with one very long hair and two shorter hairs, several spines and prickles on the rounding margin ; one long and two short spines on the dorsal surface each side of occipital margin, which is slightly concave with a spine and one long hair each end side of the median line ; a second long hair on the outer angle of the occipital margin and the temple : colour of head pale fuscous, narrow dark band on the front broadening into a blotch each side of the clypeus ; with dark black-brown ocular bands, and narrow triangular occipital blotches meeting in the median line and extending along the posterior margin of the temples. [167] Prothorax wide, anterior angles round with a short spine ; six long pustulated hairs and a spine on the rounding lateral posterior margin ; a dorsal prickle at each end of the distinct transverse chitin bar ; colour fuscous. Metathorax with slightly diverging sides with three strong marginal spines, two long hairs and prickles in the posterior angles ; a series of weak hairs and one spine along the posterior margin : colour dull fuscous. Legs concolorous with the body, with darker marginal markings. Abdomen broadly ovate, with a long hair, a shorter hair and a prickle in the posterior angle of the segments ; a series of weak hairs along the posterior margin ; last segment narrow, with a series of hairs on the posterior margin which has a slight median angulation ; colour fuscous, slightly darker on the posterior margin of the segment, a pale band on the posterior margin of segment 6, segment 7 deeper fuscous than other segments. One specimen from Vestiaria coccinca (Hilo, Hawaii Island). 41—2 320 . FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (4) Menopon invadens [sp. nov,]. %. Body, length r75 mm. ; width ■66 mm. ; pale, clear, yellowish-brown, .slightly darker thorax, indistinct lateral bands on the abdomen. Plate X. fig. 14. Head, length '35 mm. ; width "53 mm. ; front flatly convex, with two short stiff hairs at the median line ; one long and one shorter marginal hairs on the angle in front of the antennae ; two long and two shorter hairs on the distinct swelling in front of the ocular emargination ; eye large, distinctly emarginate with a large black ocular fleck ; a long stiff hair on the dorsal surface near the margin ; ocular fringe distinct, composed of a tew stiff curving hairs ; temples rounding narrowly but without angles ; three very long pustulated hairs, two shorter hairs and a few short prickles on the margin ; two long pustulated hairs on the occipital margin ; ground colour clear yellowish-brown with darker brown blotches at base of the antennae ;• dark brown mandibles shining through the head ; a narrow dark brown ocular band, widening anteriorly, and a narrow occipital band of dark brown. Prothorax short ; anterior angles with two spines and one long hair ; posterior margin broadly rounding with two long hairs near the lateral margin and two long hairs each side of the median line ; whole segment darker brown than the head, with a distinct transverse chitin bar. Metathorax and mesothorax long, being separated by a distinct suture, mesothorax distinctly darker brown than the metathorax, lateral margins diverging with few short spines and one long hair in its posterior angles ; posterior margin straight with four long marginal hairs ; dark intercoxal chitin bar showing through. Legs large, weakly coloured, translucent dorsal marginal bands on femora and tibiae ; anterior co.xae with bluntly triangular black blotches ; many short spines and a few long hairs. Abdomen elongate, elliptical ; a series of short stiff spines and one to two long weak hairs in the lateral angles and a series of long hairs on the posterior margins of each segment ; segments 7 and 8 with two long hairs in the posterior angles ; last segment with two long hairs each side of the posterior margin, ground colour pale, clear yellowish- brown ; indistinct lateral band growing darker from segment 2 to segment 7 ; narrow, pale brown transverse bands ; many scattered hairs on the ventral surface and groups of strong spines, besides the series of stiff spines near the lateral angles. Specimens from Acridotheres tristis (Lahaina, Maui Island and Kahului, Maui Island), and Titrt2t)-chiiiCHsis{¥^2i\\\A\x\, Maui Island). [168] List of Hosts, with Parasites. A NO US STOLID US. Nirmus gloriosus emarginatus Kellogg & Chapman. Colpoccpkaiuvi cpipliancs Kellogg & Chapman. Colpocephahtni discrepans Kellogg & Chapman. MALLOPHAGA FULICA ALAI. Nirrnus 07'arius haivaiicnsis Kellogg & Chapman. Oncophorus advcna Kellogg. HETERACTITIS INC AN US. Docophortis fuliginostis hatvaiicnsis Kellogg & Chapman. Oncophorus advena Kellogg. Colpoccphaliim kilanensis Kellogg & Chapman. CHARADRIUS DOM/NIC US FULVUS. ' Docophortis fiiliginosus haivaiiensis Kellogg & Chapman. Niriints orarins hazvaiiensis Kellogg & Chapman. Colpocephalii))i brachysoiiiiitii Kellogg & Chapman. TURTUR CHINENSIS. Goniocotcs chinensis Kellogg & Chapman. AIciiopoii iiii'adens Kellogg & Chapman. AS 10 ACCIPITIRINUS. ColpocephalniH brachysomuvi Kellogg & Chapman. ACRIDOTHERES TRISTIS. Niriiitis luinhaetisis Kellogg & Chapman. Lipeiirus docoplioroides minhaensis Kellogg & Chapman. Menopon invadens Kellogg & Chapman. CARPODACUS MEXICANUS OBSCURUS. Docophorus coninuinis Nitzsch. Colpocephaluni discrcpaiis Kellogg & Chapman. Colpocephaluni coiispiciiinii Kellogg & Chapman. MUNI A NISORIA. Docophorus coDimuins Nitzsch. Nirrnus stcnozonus Kellogg & Chapman. VESTIARIA COCCI NE A. Nirnins stcnozonus Kellogg & Chapman. Nirnuts diaprepes Kellogg & Chapman. Oncophorus advcna Kellogg. Menopon cyrtostigmuni Kellogg & Chapman. Menopon hilensis Kellogg & Chapman. HI MA TIONE SA NG UINEA . Alenopon cyrtostigrnuni Kellogg & Chapman. CHLORODREPANIS VIRENS. Docophorus macgregori Kellogg & Chapman. Menopon cyrtostigmuni Kellogg & Chapman. Menopon hawaiiensis Kellogg & Chapman. ^- s MYRIOPODA. ^^o,^ By Filippo Silvestri (Bevagna, Umbria). ■*^' (Plates XI. and XII.) From the Hawaiian Islands until now there are known only the followin;^ species of Myriopoda : Chilopoda. Scutigera straba Wood, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia (2), v., p. II, Oahu. — Lithobins Xanti Wood, Ibidem, p. 15, .Sandwich Islands'. — L. nigosus Meinert, Naturh. Tidskr. (3), viii., p. 306, Oahu. — Z. aspci-atus L. Koch, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, xxvii., p. 788, Oahu'-'. — Scolopciidra rcpciis Wood, Op. cit., p. 31. Oahu. — Opistliomega iiisu/are Meinert, Amer. Philos. Soc. .xxxiii. (1885), p. 209, Sandwich Islands. — Laiinioiiix spiss/is Wood, Op. cit., p. 43, Oahu. — Scolopendra subspinipes Leach, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, xi., p. 383, Honolulu'. Diplopoda. Ortlioniorpha gracilis, C. L. Koch, Syst. d. Myr., p. 142, Hilo and Honolulu', Kilauea, Molokai, Kalae .'*. — Orthomorplia coarclata, Humb. et Sauss., Mem. Mex. Myr., p. 39, fig. 18, Kauai, Lihue". — ? /ii/iis angniinis Karsch, Sitz.-Ber. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin, 1880, p. 7, Hawaii. In the collection of Hawaiian Myriopoda that I have had the pleasure of studying through the kindness of Dr D. Sharp, I have recognised 4 species of Chilopoda and 16 of Diplopoda, of which only the Laiiiiioiivx spiss/ts and Orthomorplia gracilis were recorded by previous authors; ot the other species one, Diplomliis liiscits (Mein.), is an european species imported into the Hawaiian Islands, the others are all new to science ; they are : Chilopoda : Lithobins hazvaiiensis, Laniyctes fiilvicornis Mein. var. haivaiiensis, L. heterotarsus ; Diplopoda : Polyxenus hazvaiieiisis, Aporodesminus (gen. nov.) zvallacei, Dinierogonus aveburyi, D. sharpi, D. shiplcy, D. carpeiiteri, D. beddardi, D. pococki, D. sedgwicki, D. sinclairi, D. lankesteri, D. harnicri, D. perkinsi, D. koebelii. All the Chilopoda here recorded belong to cosmopolitan genera, but the La^nyctes heterotarsus is interesting for the very peculiar structure of the tarsus in the last ambulatory legs. ' Cf. Stuxberg, A., Oefv. Vet. .\k. Forli. 1875, N. 3, p. 10. - Cf. Attems, C., Zool. Jahrb. xvni. p. 92. ■' Cf. Attems, C, op. cit. p. 81. ■" Cf. Pocock, Ann. Nat. Hist. (6) xi. p. 130. ' Cf. Attems, Zool. Jahrli. xviii. p. 82. 324 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Of the Diplopoda, Polyxenus is a genus that is represented in various parts of the world ; Aporodesminus is new to science, and its relationship is not clear because the members of the family Cryptodesmidae and its allies are very little known. The most interesting genus of the Hawaiian Islands \f< Diinerogoniis, represented by 12 species. Of this genus there are at present known only 4 species, from Australia and New Zealand, and one from Chile'. Therefore the discovery of several species of Dimero- gomis in the Hawaiian Islands is very interesting, as corroborating the opinion of an Australian origin for the Hawaiian fauna. Moreover, the presence of species of the same genus in New Zealand and Chile corroborates the theory of the existence, in preceding epochs, of an antarctic region between these countries. It is worthy of note that each of the Hawaiian species of Dimerogonits presents secondary sexual characters in the male : such as the great development of the collum and the inferior protuberances of some of the joints in the legs of pairs 4-7 ; sexual characters unknown in the Dimerogomis of New Zealand and Chile. Chilopoda. LITHOBIOMORPHA. Fam. LITHOBIIDAE. LiTHOBius Leach. (i) Lithobms hazvaiiensis, sp. nov. Ochroleucus. Caput. Lamina cephalica parum latior quam longior. Oculi ocellis 17 in seriebus 5 longitudinalibus dispositis (2, 4, 5, 4, 2). Antennae 29-articulatae sat dense et breviter setosae, articulis 3 — 16 longioribus quam latioribus 17 — 28 inter sese inaequalibus, articulo ultimo quam penultimus duplo longiore. Truncus. Laminae dorsales subnudae, iv, vi, ix, xi, xiii, xv angulis posticis rotundatis, margine postico parum sinuato, v, vii, viii, x, xii, xiv angulis posticis subrectis, xvi margine postico vix sinuato, angulis posticis rotundatis. Laminae ventrales sparsim et brevissime setosae, XVI angulis posticis parum rotundatis. Pedum maxillarium subcoxae dentibus 2 + 2 sat parvis armatae. Pedes ambulatorii sparsim setosi, paris primi calcaribus ^g^f|, paris ultimi ^^fj subcoxae lateribus calcare armatis, ungue unguicola laterali aucto. Pori subcoxales 5, 6, 5, 5, rotundi, uniseriati, sat parvi. Genitalium femineorum unguis brevis, trilobus, calcarium 3 + 2. Long. Corp. 20, lat. 2, 5 ; long, antenn. 7, long. ped. paris ultimi S, 5. H.\B, Kauai, Makaveli, 3000 feet, 1897 (Perkins). Dimero<^onus cfii/ensis Silv. -^ lulomorpha chilensis Silv. (i. 1903) = Nannolene nigrescens Attems (111. 1903). MYRIOPODA 325 ^ Fuh^escens medio dorso et dorsi lateribus fulvo-castaneis. Oculi ocellis 21 compositi, 5-seriatis (3, 6, 5, 4, 3). Antennae 27-articulatae, articulis elongatis, longioribus quam latioribus. Pori SLibcoxales 3, 4, 5, 4. Long. corp. 16, lat. 2, 5 ; long, antenn. 9. H.\B. Kauai, Koholuamano (Perkins, 1S95). Fam. HEMCOPIDAE. Lamvctes Meinert. (i) Laiuyctcs fuhiconiis Mein., \-ar. hawaueiisis, now Fulvescens. Caput. Lamina cephalica aeque longa atque lata. Antennae breves, 24-articulatae, articulis brevibus, sat dense et breviter setosis, articulo ultimo quam penultimus parum longiore. Truncus. Laminae dorsales breviter et sparsissime setosae, iv, vi, i.\, xi, .\iii, xv angulis posticis rotundatis et margine postico pauUulum sinuato, xvi margine postico sat profunde sinuato, ceterae angulis posticis paullulum rotundatis. Laminae ventrales sparsim et breviter setosae, xvi subtrapezoidea. Pedum maxillarium subco.xae dentibus 2 + 2 sat robustis arniatae, utrimque oblique excisae, inter sese antice sat profunde distinctae, et lateraliter dente minimo auctae. Pedes ambulatorii articulis 3 — 5 infra setis nonnullis robustis, subspiniformibus, armatis et setis sat longis, minus robustis, auctis, tarso sat dense et sat breviter setoso, parium 1 — 12 tibia in parte apicali anteriore acute producta, paris 15 articulo 3 breviter, sed sat dense et sat robuste setoso, articulo quarto minus robuste setoso, articulis 5 — 6 setis subtilissimis sat numerosis praedito. Pori subcoxales rotundi 3, 3, 3, 2, in juvene 2 '^ ■^ '> Genitalium femineorum unguis integer, calcarium paria duo. Long. Corp. 1 i, lat. i, long, antenn. 2, long. ped. paris ultimi 4. H.\B. Hawaii; Kona, 4000 feet (Perkins, viii. 1^92). I have considered the above described specimens ol Lattiyctcs as a variety of the european Lamvctes fulvicornis Mein., known also from North America, because ot the presence of only two well-developed teeth on the maxillary legs (first appendages ot the truncus). (2) Lamvctes heterotarsjts, sp. nov. Among the Henicopidae of Kona I have found a male that differs from the above described Lainyctes in the number of the antennal segments, the subcoxal pores, and especially in the form of the last tarsus, which is so peculiar, that perhaps it is at least F. H. III. 42 326 FAUNA HAWAIJENSIS of subgeneric importance, but now in possession of a single example I think it prudent to describe them only as a new species of Laviyctes with the following characters : cT Fulvo-castaneus. Caput. Lamina cephalica aeque longe atque lata. Antennae 1 9-articuIatae. Truncus. Laminae dorsales iv, vi, ix, xi, xiii, xv angulis posticis rotundatis, XVI margine postico (PI. XI. fi'.--. 3) sat profunde sinuato, laminae dorsales ceterae angulis posticis subrectis. Lamina ventralis xvi angulis posticis rotundatis. Pedum maxillarium subcoxae dentibus 2 + 2 armatae. Pedes ambulatorii hirtelli, tarso pedum parium i — 12, ut in speciebus ceteris generis Lamyctes, integro, praetarso unguibus tribus constituto, tibiae angulo apicali anteriore acute producto, paris 15 articulo secundo tarsali (fig. 4) parum distincte plurisegmentato, quam articulus primus tarsalis c. 1/3 breviore. Pori subcoxales 2, 2, 2, i. Hab. Hawaii ; Kona (Perkins). GEOPHILOMORPHA. Fam. GEOPHILIDAE. La.mnonvx Cook. (1) Laiunonyx spissns. Wood. Mecistoccp/iaIus,\S[ ood, Journ. Ac. nat. Sci. Philadelphia (2) v. p. 43, Haase, Abhand. Mus. Dresden i. N. 5, p. 101. Caput et trunci segmentum prinium fulva, ceterum corpus ferrugineum. Corpus postice attenuatum. Caput. Lamina cephalica (PI. XI. fig. 5) grosse et sat dense punctata, postice quam antice angustior, 1 longior quam latior, pedum maxillarium marginem internum tantum obtegens. Antennae ad basim crassiusculae. Palpi maxillae paris secundi articulo penultimo setis sat longis, numerosis instructo, articulo ultimo unguem parvum, integrum formante. Truncus. Lamina basalis, parva, trapezoidea. Laminae dorsales parum rugulosae. Laminae ventrales poris nullis praeditae, mediae aliquantum longe a margine anteriore usque ad posteriorem profunde sulcatae. . Lamina ventralis praegenitalis subtrapezoidea. Pedes maxillares grosse punctati, fiexi marginem frontalem spatio maiore super- antes, subcoxis inermibus, articulo secundo dentibus duobus sat robustis, rotundatis armato, articulis 3 — 4 (fig. 6 iii. — iv.) dente singulo parvo, ungue magno ad basim dente perparvo aucto. Pedes ambulatorii primi paris quam ceteri valde breviores, paris ultimi (fig. 7) attenuati quam praecedentes subtiliores et parum longiores, ungue termi- nali nullo, subcoxis sat inflatis, poris rotundis sat numerosis instructis. Pori anales duo magni. Pedum paria 45. MYRIOPODA 327 Long. Corp. 70; lat. corporis antice 2, 5. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 5000 feet (Perkins). — Molokai, Kau. — Hawaii. — Kauai, Halemanu. This species described by Wood from " Ohau " were found also in Burma and Sumatra. Diplopoda. PSELAPHOGNA THA. • Fam. POLYXENIDAE. PoLVXEN'us Latr. ( I ) Polyxcntis hawaiicnsis, sp. nov. Albus, setis pallida cinereis. Caput. Oculi sat magni prominuli, ocellis c. 8 com- positi. Antennae (PI. XI. fig. 8) breves, articulo se.xto quam ceteri crassiore et longiore, articulo octavo brevissimo. Setae sensitivae organi Tomosvary (fig. 9) basi [a) cylindrica compositae et flagello (/y) attenuato. Truncus. Tergitum singulum (fig. 10) serie postica (^?) setarum serratarum in- structum et penicillo {b) laterali setarum sat brevi aucto. Penicillus caudalis (c) sat magnus. Setae tergales (fig. i i ) crassae, subtetragonae, serratae. Setae penicilli caudalis (fig. 12) scapo minute serrato apice appendiculis 2 — 4 [a) instruct©. Pedes breves praetarso (fig. 13) ungue sat parvo (;/) et lamina {b) quam unguis parum longiore, nee non processu supero subcylindrico (a) quam unguis fere duplo breviore et seta infera (.s') composite. Long. Corp. 4 ; lat. 1,2; long, antenn. o, 5 ; long, penicilli caudalis o, 5. Hab. Oahu, Kaala 2000 feet (Perkins, iii. 1892). M EPOCH ETA. Fam. CRYPTODESMIDAE. Ai'OkODESMiNus, gen. nov. Trunci segmenta (praeter caput, collum et valvulas anales) ig. Caput omnino a collo obtectum. Antennae (PI. XI. fig. 14) articulo 5° quam ceteri crassiore et longiore, articulo 7" quam sextus fere duplo breviore, articulis 5 — 6 in parte antica superiori penicillo {a) setarum brevium, crassarum auctis. Collum (fig. 15) spatio magno caput antice et lateraliter superans. Truncus dorso convexo, metazonis tuberculis, longitudinaliter seriatis, auctis. Carinae laterales sat latae, subrectangulares, omnes margine laterali parum distincte trilobate, poris repugnatoriis destitutae. Metazona segmenti xviii (fig. 16) postice media aliquantum tuberculorum instar producta et caudam partim obtegens. Cauda 328 FAL'NA HAJfAI/EXSJS postice attenuata triangularis, apice triincato setis consuetis 4 instructo, super et utrim- que setis nonnullis instructa. $ Organum copulativum (fig. 1 7) articulis duobus constitutum, quorum alter basalis, latus aliquantum excavatus, partem basalem articuli secundi obtegens, articulus secundus hasta constitutus et lamina laterali. ( I ) Aporodcsviimis loallacei, sp. nov. % Terreus praesertim granorum terrae causa ad dorsum adherentium, capite, ventre pedibusque pallide umbrinis. Caput pilis minimis vestituni. Antennae (PI. XI. fig. 14) breves, pilis brevioribus vestitae. Collum (fig. 15) in parte supera postica tuberculis rotundatis sat parvis, 4 — 5 seri- aiis auctum, margine antico latissime rotundato, \n.\ distincte i6-lobato. Trunci metazonae (fig. 15) seriebus duabus submedianis tuberculorum rotundatorum 3 auctae, nee non tuberculis nonnullis sublateralibus. Carinae e.xtrorsum et aliquantum deorsum vergentes, subrectangulares, margine laterali vix distincte trilobato, marginibus antico et postico integris. Carinae partis posterioris corporis et praesertim segmenti xviii (fig. 16) quam ceterae aliquantum minus latae, sed longiores et retrorsum ver- gentes. Segmentum xviii metazona postice tuberculis duobus sat longis, medianis aucta caudam maxima pro parte obtegente. Cauda attenuata, triangularis, apice truncato, valvulas anales parum superans. Lamina infraanalis subtriangularis postice parum ro- tundata setis duabus instructa. V^alvulae anales baud convexae, limbatae, setis quatuor instructae. Sterna parva. Pedes breves tenues, lateraliter extensi, marginem lateralem carinarum vix super- antes, articulo primo parvo, articulis 2 — 3 longitudine inter sese subaequalibus, articulo 4 brevissimo quam quintus aliquantum breviore, articulo 6 attenuato, quam quintus iere duplo longiore, ungue terminali acuto, robusto, simplici. Long. corp. 4, 2 ; lat. i ; long, pedum o, 5. • J Organum copulativum (fig. 17) articulo primo (i) crasso, aliquantum infra con- cave, hasta (2) quam lamina laterali (3) margine intero dentato, aliquantum longiore et apice pilis pluribus aucto. Hab. Hawaii, Kona. 2000 feet (Perkins ix. 1S92). — Oahu, ? Niuanu \^dley (Perkins x. 1892). Named in honour of Alfred Russel Wallace. Fam. STRONGYLOSOMATIDAE. Orthomorpha Bollman. ( I ) Orthomorpha gracilis, C. L. Koch. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 feet. — Hawaii, Kaua, 4000 feet. — Oahu, Honolulu (Perkins). This is now a cosmopolitan species, introduced everywhere by man. MYRIOPODA 329 DIPLOCHETA. Subordo CAMBALOIDEA. Fam. CAM BALI DAE. Corpus elongatum, teres Antennae articulo sexto quam ceteri paullulum vel sat crassiore, articulo septimo quam sextus valde breviore, a. iculo octavo minimo, articulis 5 — 6 in parte apicali anteriore penicillo setarum brevium, crassarum auctis. Mandibulae (PI. XI. fig. 34) lamellis pectinatis 6—7. Hypostoma' (Pi. XII. fig. 35): Stipites interni (b) maxillarum, nee non externi [a] seiuncti, inframaxillare {c — d) trans- versaliter bipartitum, parte basali (c) parum longiore quam latiore, parte antica (d) infra- maxillaris tantum ad basim stipites externos maxillarum tangente, deinde inter stipites internes decurrente. Palpulus maxillaris externus (//) quam internus (//') parum brevior. lobi maxillares (/) interni perbreves. Infrabasilare {c) subrectangulare, magnum ; pseudocardines {g) duo. Trunci segmenta carinis instructa vel carinis nullis. Foramina repugnatoria a segmento quarto vel quinto incipientia. Segmentum ultimum supra plus minusve rotundatum, valvulas anales non superans. f Pedes primi paris ut in foemina vel breviores et ungue terminal! destituti. Organum copulativum paribus duobus pedum constitutum, semper bene distinctis ; pare antico fiagello instructo vel non. Typus : Genus Canibala ex America boreali. This fomily comprehends two sub-families, Glyphiocambalinae and Mastigocam- balinae. To the first sub-family belong the genera Glypliiidus Gerv. Hypocambala .Silv. Agastrophus.- Attems, ? Trichocajuhala' Silv. and lulomorpha For. without fiagellum in the anterior copulatory legs of the male ; and to the Mastigocambalinae the genera Canibala and Dimerogomcs, that have a well-developed fiagellum. Diiiicrogonus is very distinct from Canibala by the absence of longitudinal crests on the segments of the truncus. The family of the order Diplocheta, very close to the Canibalidae, is that of the Nannolenidae, which comprehends only the genus Nannolene Bollman, and is distinct from Cambalidae by the broader Hypostoma, shorter stipites interni and presence of one pair alone of the copulatory organ, as in Pseudonannolenidae and Physiostreptidae, although, as in the named family, the 6th segment of the truncus wants ambulatory legs. ' For the nomenclature of the mouth part.s cf. my work -'Classis Diplopoda, Vol. i. Anatome ; Pais i^ Segmenta, Tegumentum, Muscuh " [in] " Berlese's Acari, Myriopoda et Scorpiones,^' Portici 1903. - The genus Agastrophus Attems (Zool. Jahrb. xni. p. 151) is a synonym o'i Hypocambala .Silv.. I think, but why the author does not describe the labium, I am not sure. ■■ I ascribe with doubt Trichocambala to this family, because I know not the male. 330 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS DiMKROGONUS Attems. ( 1 ) Divierogontis avelntryi, sp. nov. ^ Nigrescens, metazonarum parte postica, antennis pedibusque pallide rufescentibus. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis c. 35 compositi. Antennae resupinae trunci segmentum primum vix superantes, articulo sexto quam ceteri parum crassiore. Collum (PI. XI. fig. 18) lateribus sat angustatis, angulo antico excise, rotundato, postico parum acuto, utrimque striis 5 — 6 exaratum. Trunci segmenta metazonis quam praezonae sat magis elevatis, supra et ad latera laevigatis, tantum valde longe sub poris longitudinaliter striatis. Cauda et valvulae anales forma consueta. Pedes primi paris breves, ungue nullo. Stipitis mandibulares triangulariter intra paullulum producti. • Organum copulativum : pars antica (fig. 19) lamina externa {a) quam interna paullulum longiore, lamina interna (fig. 20 b) bilobata, lobo postico subtriangulari, lobo antico antice acuto, postice ad basim profunde inciso, ad apicem rotundato. Pars postica (fig. 21) lamina mediana {c) apice setoso, quam processus posticus (^) parum longiore, processu postico apice parum attenuate, inciso, processu antico (rudimento articu- lorum 2 — 7) subcylindrico, apice setis minimis aucto. Segmentorum numerus ad 45. Long. Corp. 26, lat. i, 9. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 5000 feet (Perkins in. 1S94). I have the privilege of naming this new species in honour of the eminent entomologist the Lord Avebury, formerly Sir John Lubbock. (2) Diiucrog'oniis s/iarpi, sp. nov. $ Dorsum atrum, fascia mediana testacea sat lata ornatum, pororum repugnatorio- rum linea nigra, paratergita plus minusve cinerea, ventre pedibusque pallide ochroleucis.' Caput laevigatum, nudum. Oculi triangulares ocellis c. 27 compositi (2, 3, 6, 7, 9). Antennae (PI. XL fig. 22) sat longae, resupinae, collum et trunci segmentum primum superantes, articulo sexto ceteris aliquantum crassiore. Collum lateribus angustatis, angulo antico valde obtuso-rotundato, postico subrecto, utrimque striis 3 — 4 exaratum. Truncus. Metazonae laevigatae, nitidae, quam praezonae magis elevatae. Sulcus interzoniticus profundus. Metazonae paratergales parum longe sub poris longitudinaliter et subtiliter striatae. Pori repugnatorii magni in parte mediana laterali metazonarum siti. Segmentum caudale postice obtusum, valvulas anales non superans. Lamina praeanalis sat magna, postice rotundala et setis duabus aucta. Valvulae anales baud limbatae setis duabus utrimque instructae. MYRIOPODA 33 1 Pedes sat breves, ungue terminali robusto, acuto, articulis ceteris setis nonnullis auctis. Segmentorum numerus ad 45. Long. Corp. 21, lat. 1,5; long, antenn. i, 6. t Ouam foemina aliquantum angustior. Pedes paris primi breves ungue terminali nullo, articulis 4 — 6 inter sese subaequa- libus, articulo tertio ceteris longiore. Organum copulativum : pars antica (fig. 23 — 24) lamina e.Kterna {a) lata, interne concava, apice sat rotundato, quam lamina interna {b) aliquantum longiore, lamina interna (fig. 2^ b) apice profunde inciso, parte antica (i) inaequaliter bilobata, parte postica (2) triangulari flagello, (/") longo, attenuato. Pars postica (fig. 26 — 27) processu postico {g) quam lamina mediana vix longiore, interne refiexo, acuto, lamina mediana {c) apice truncato setis sat brevibus instructo, [jrocessu antico [d) quam lamina mediana spatio magno breviore, subcylindrico ad apicem setis brevissimis, crassis, instructo. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 4000 feet (Perkins 1896). I have the honour to name this species after David Sharp. In the collection sent to me by Dr Sharp are also two female specimens from Oahu, that I am not able to distinguish specifically. This is their description : Diincrogoiuis sliarpi, var. % Ater, dorsi fascia mediana sat lata, ventre pedibusque luride ochroleucis. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis c. 30 compositi. Antennae resupinae trunci segmentum secundum superantes, articulo sexto quam quintus aliquantum crassiore. Collum lateribus abbreviatis et angustatis, angulo antico excise rotundato, postico obtuso rotundato, utrimque striis tribus. Trunci segmenta laevigata praeter partem paratergalem metazonarum longe sub poris longitudinaliter striatam, metazonis quam praezonae aliquantum magis elevatis. Cauda postice rotundata, valvulas anales non superans. Lamina infraanalis postice rotundata, setis duabus instructa. Valvulae anales haud limbatae, setis duabus utrimque instructae. Pedes sat longi, infra setis nonnullis instructi, ungue sat magno ad basim seta aucto. Segmentorum numerus 42 — 45. Long. Corp. 20, lat. 1,1, long, antenn. i, 3, long, pedum i, 36. Hab. Oahu, Kawailea (Perkins iv. 1S93). 332 FAUA'A HAWAIIENSIS (3) Dimerogonus shiplcyi, sp. nov. ^ Pallide ater, metazonarum parte postica pedibusque rufescentibus. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis c. 34 compositi. Antennae resupinae trunci seg- mentum primum vix superantes, articulo sexto quam quintus parum crassiore. Collum lateribus sat latis, marginem inferum trunci segment! primi non attingenti- bus, angulo antico late rotundato, postico subrecto, utrimque stria longitudinali integra aliquantum longe a margine infero exaratum. Trunci segmenta laevigata, praeter metazonarum partem paratergalem longe sub poris longitudinaliter striata, metazonis quam praezonae parum magis elevatis. Cauda postice rotundata valvulas anales non superans. Lamina infraanalis forma et setis consuetis. \'alvulae anales baud limbatae, setis duabus instructae. Stipites mandibulares infra triangulariter paullulum product!. Pedes primi paris forma consueta, parium 4 — 7 processibus nullis, tantum setis nonnullis instruct!. Organum copulativum : pars antica (PI. XI. fig. 28) lamina externa [a) apice late rotundato quam lamina interna (b) parum longiore, lamina interna trilobata, lobo antico (i) parvo triangular! quam medianus (2) aliquantum breviore, lobo mediano (2) forma ut figura demonstrat, lobo postico (3) ceteris breviore a mediano incisura profunda diviso. apice angusto, antice rotundato, flagello (/") consueto. Pars postica forma fere ut in D. sinclairi. Segmentorum numerus 50. Long. Corp. 20, lat. i , 2. Hab. Maui, Haleakala 5000 feet (Perkins in. 1894). Species dedicated to E. Arthur Shipley of Cambridge. (4) Dimerogonus carpcntcri, sp. now $ Ater, ventre, pedibus et valvulis analibus subcremeis. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis 24 compositi. Antennae resupinae trunci seg- mentum primum superantes, articulo sexto quam (juintus parum crassiore. Collum lateribus abbreviatis et angustatis, antice et postice excisis, triangularibus, angulo infero rotundato, utrimque striis 2 — 3 exaratum. 1 runci segmenta laevigata, praeter partem paratergalem metazonarum longissime sub poris longitudinaliter striatam, metazonis quam praezonae aliquantum magis elevatis. Lamina infraanalis postice rotundata setis duabus instructa. Cauda postice rotundata valvulas anales non superans. \'alvulae anales baud limbatae, setis duabus consuetis. Segmentorum numerus 39. Long. corp. 13, lat. i, long, pedum o, 9. t Stipites mandibulares infra triangulariter paullulum product!. MYRIOPODA 333 Collum fere ut in foeniina, angulo postico minus excise. Pedes primi paris forma consueta ; pedes ceteri ut in foemina. Organum copulativum : pars antica (fig. 29) lamina externa (a) apice rotundato, postice ad apicem sinuata, lamina interna {b) apice trilobate, lobo antico (i) acuto, brevi, lobo mediano (2) quam ceteri aliquantum longiore angustato, apice rotundato, lobo postico (3) quam ceteri latiore, flagello [f) consueto. Pars postica (fig. 30) processu postico {d) apice attenuate integro. Segmentorum numerus 45. Hab. Lanai, 2000 feet (Perkins). This new species is named after George Herbert Carpenter of Dublin. (5) Dinici'ogonus bcddardi, sp. nov. $ Niger pedibus rufescentibus. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis c. 2 1 compositi. Antennae breves, trunci seg- mentum primum superantes, articulo sexto quam quintus parum crassiore. Collum (PI. XI. fig. 31) lateribus partem ventralem trunci segmenti primi non attingentibus, angulo antico excise, rotundato, postice parum acuto, utrimque striis tribus exaratum. Trunci segmenta laevigata praeter partem paratergalem metazonarum longe sub poris longitudinaliter striatam, metazonis quam praezonae aliquantum magis elevatis. Cauda rotundata valvulas anales non superans. Lamina infraanalis postice sat rotun- data. V'alvulae anales haud limbatae, setis duabus consuetis. Segmentorum numerus 50. Long. Corp. 23, lat. 1,1. t Quam foemina angustior. Oculi ocellis c. i 7 compositi. Collum ut in foemina. Stipites mandibulares infra triangulariter pauUulum producti. Pedes primi paris forma consueta, parium 4 — 5 articulo quinto infra triangulariter parum producio, parium 6 — 7 (fig. 32) articulis 4 — 5 infra in processum subtrapezeideum productis. Organum copulativum : pars antica (fig. i'^) lamina externa {a) apice subtriangulari quam lamina interna (/;) aliquantum longiore, lamina interna profunde bilobata, lobo antico (i) quam lobus posticus (2) paullulum longiore et antice acute producto, postice late rotundato, lobo postico (2) antice rotundato, flagello {^f) consueto. Pars postica processu postico apice sat attenuate, quam lamina mediana vix longiore. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 4000 feet (Perkins v. 1896). Species named in honour of Frank Evers Beddard of London. F. H. III. 43 334 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (6) Dimerogonus pococki, sp. nov. $ Ater parte postica metazonarum, cauda, valvulis analibus pedibusque riifescentibus. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis c. 27 compositi. Antennae resupinae trunci segmentum primum superantes, articulo sexto quam quintus aliquantum crassiore. Colluni lateribus marginem ventralem trunci segment! primi non attingentibus, angulo antico excise parum rotundato, postico acuto, utrimque striis tribus exaratum. Trunci segmenta laevigata praeter partem paratergalem metazonarum longe sub poris longitudinaliter striata, metazonis quam praezonae parum magis elevatis. Cauda postice rotundata valvulas anales non superans. Lamina infraanalis postice sat ro- tundata, setis duabus instructa. Valvulae anales baud limbatae, setis duabus utrimque consuetis. Segmentorum numerus 46. Long. Corp. 28, lat. i, 6, long, pedum i, 4. ^ Stipites mandibulares infra rotundatim aliquantum producti. Collum fere ut in foemina. Pedes paris primi (PI. XII. fig. 36) forma consueta, parium 4 — 7 (fig. 2,7) ceteris crassiores et aliquantum longiores, articulis 3 — 5 (praesertim in pedum paribus 6 — 7) infra compressis et in processum latum subtriangularem vel subtrapezoideum productis. Organum copulativum : pars antica (fig. 38) lamina externa {a) apice subrecte truncato, quam lamina interna {d) parum longiore, lamina interna (fig. 39 l>) apice bilobato, lobo antico (i) quam alter angustiore, triangular!, lobo postico (2) late rotundato. Pars postica (fig. 40) processu antico {g) subcylindrico, apice setis brevis- simis, crassiusculis aucto, quam lamina mediana (c) aliquantum breviore, processu postico {d) apice sat angustato, quam lamina mediana parum breviore. Hab. Molokai Mts., 3000 — 4000 feet (Perkins v.- — vi. 1893). Dedicated to R. I. Pocock of London. (7) Diinci'ogonus sedgivicki, sp. nov. $ Tergitis totis, metazonarum parte postica paratergali, antennis pedibusque tufaceis, ceterum corpus nigrescens. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis c. 40 compositi. Antennae (PI. XII. fig. 41) trunci segmentum primum superantes, articulo sexto quam quinto paullulum crassiore. Collum infra trunci segmentum primum non superans, laterum angulo antico late rotundato, postico subacuto, utrimque striis tribus exaratum. Trunci segmenta metazonis quam praezonae parum magis elevatis, laevigatis, tantum longe sub pori^ striatis. Cauda postice lata, triangularis, valvulas anales non superans ; lamina infraanalis postice parum rotundata ; valvulae anales baud limbatae, nudae. Stipites mandibulares infra rotundatim parum producti. MYRIOPODA 335 Pedes longi, longiores quam in speciebus ceteris hie descriptis, primi paris tenues, breves, ungue nullo, parium 4 — 7 (fig. 42) ceteris crassiores, articulis 4 — 5 intra in pro- cessum sat parvum, subtrapezoideum productis. Organum copulativum : pars antica (fig. 43) lamina externa {a) apice parum rotun- dato quam lamina interna (/;) aliquantum longiore, lamina interna (fig. 44 b) profunde incisa, lobo antico (i) lato irregulariter rectangulari, ut figura demonstrat, lobo postico(2) angusto, apice rotundato. Pars postica (fig 45 — -46) processu antico iyg) clavato, setis brevissimis, crassiusculis aucto, processu postico (d) quam lamina mediana {e) vix breviore, laminari, sat angustato, apice reflexo. Segmentorum numerus ad 51. Long. Corp. 26 ; lat. 1,5; long, pedum 2. Hai;. Oahu, Waianae Mts. (Perkins, iv. 1892) This new species is dedicated to Adam Sedgwick of Cambridge. (8) Di)ucrogonus sine lair i, sp. nov. % Luride rufescens, poris nigro maculatis, antennis pedibusque subtestaceis. Caput laevigatum. Oculi subtriangulares ocellis c. 32 (3, 5, 6, 8, 10) compositi. Antennae resupinae collum et trunci segmentum primum superantes, articulo sexto quam ceteri parum crassiore. Collum lateribus angustatis angulo antico exciso, rotundato, postico subrecto utrim- que striis 5 — 7 exaratum. Truncus, sculptura ut in D. sharpie sulco interzonitico minus profundo quam idem speciei praecedentis. Cauda \-alvulas anales non superans. Segmentorum numerus ad 44. Long. corp. 23 ; lat. 1,8; long, antenn. 1, 8. t Collum lateribus latis, latioribus quam in foemina, angulis antico et postico subrectis, rotundatis. Stipites mandibulares infra late parum producti. Pedum par primum breve, articulo secundo (PI. XII. fig. 42) processum parvum, apicalem, infra producto. Organum copulativum : pars antica (fig. 48) lamina externa {a) lata, interne parum concava quam lamina interna (fig. 49 b) Integra parum longiore, flagello (/) attenuato, iongo ; pars postica (fig. 50 — 51) processu antico iyg) parum clavato, quam lamina mediana (r) spatio magno breviore, ad apicem setis minimis crassis aucto, lamina mediana {e) apice rotundato, setis instructo, processu postico id) laminam internam tere superante, attenuato, apice reflexo. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 feet (Perkins 111. 1894, v. 96). I have much pleasure in naming this species after my colleague, F. G. Sinclair (formerly Heathcote). 43-2 00 6 FAUNA HAWAII EN SIS (9) Diincrogomis /aiikesteri, sp. nov. $ Niger, metazonarum parte postica, antennis pedibusque pallide ferrugineis. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis c. 19 compositi. Antennae trunci segmentum primum vix superantes, articulo sexto quani ceteri paullulum crassiore, Colluni lateribus valde latis, incrassatis, margine infero paullulum triangular! rotun- dato, angulo laterali extreme acuto intus inflexo, utrimque infra striis 5 instructum, pone oculos parum sinuatum. Trunci segmenta metazonis quam praezonae vix magis elevatis, laevigatis, tantum longe sub poris longitudinaliter striatis. Cauda et valvulae anales forma consueta. Stipites mandibulares infra rotundatim parum producti. Pedes primi paris breviores, ungue nullo ; parium 3 — 7 infra tantum setis brevioribus, sat robustis, aucti. Organum copulativum : pars antica (PL XII. fig. 52) lamina externa apice ro- tundato {a) quam interna parum longiore, lamina interna (fig. S- ^) apice trilobato, lobo antico (i) perparvo sat acuto, quam ceteri (2 — 3) subaequales breviore. Pars postica processu postico ad apicem acuto quam lamina mediana parum breviore. Segmentorum numerus 46. Long. corp. 25 ; lat. i, 8. Hab. Kauai, Halemanu (Perkins, v. 1894). This new species is named in honour of Prof Edwin Ray Lankester, the eminent Director of the British Museum. (10) Diuierogonus hariticri, sp. nov. ^ Rufescens totus. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis c. 27. Antennae breves, resupinae collum vix superantes, articulo sexto quam ceteri paullulum crassiore. Collum (PI. XII. fig. 53) lateribus valde latis, deorsum et extrorsum vergentibus, marginis inferi angulo antico rotundato, postico subrecto, utrimque striis nullis, infra (fig. 54) latum excavatum, margine interno acuto, lateraliter stipites mandibulares antice fere omnino obtegens. Trunci segmenta metazonis quam praezonae aliquantum magis elevatis, laevigatis, tantum longe sub poris longitudinaliter striatis. Cauda postice parum rotundata, valvulas anales non superans ; lamina infraanalis postice aliquantum rotundata, setis duabus instructa. V^alvulae anales non limbatae, ad marginem setis pluribus sat brevibus instructae. Stipites mandibulares infra rotundatim paullulum producti. Pedes primi paris breviores, ungue nullo, parium 3^ — 7 infra setis nonnullis brevibus, sat robustis instruct!. Organum copulativum : pars antica (fig. 55) lamina externa (r?) apice parum rotundato quam lamina interna parum longiore, lamina interna (fig. 56 b) in processibus MYRIOPODA II-] duobus profunde partita, quorum anticus (i) angustus triangularis, quam alter parum brevior, posticus (2 — 3) apice bilobato ut figura demonstrat. Pars postica eadem fere forma ut in D. Lankesteri. Segmentorum numenis 54. Long. corp. 26; lat. i, 5. Hab. jNIolokai, 3000 — 4000 feet (Perkins, v. — vi. 1893). Named in honour of Sidney F. Harmer, the Superintendent of the University Museum of Zoology in Cambridge. (11) Dinicroi^onns pcrkiusi, sp. nov. % Fulvo-castaneus : parte postica metazonarum, antennis pedibusque rufescentibus. Caput laevigatum. Oculi ocellis c. 32 compositi. Antennae sat breves, resupinae, trunci segmentum primum vix superantes, articulo sexto quam ceteri parum crassiore. Collum angulo antico valde rotundato, postico parum acuto, utrimque striis 2 — 3 exaratum. Trunci segmenta dorso et praezonis nitidis, metazonis parum longe sub poris longi- tudinaliter striatis. Metazonae quam praezonae parum magis elevatae. Cauda postice sat late rotundata, valvulas anales non superans. Pedes breves, setis nonnullis instructi, ungue terminali magno. Segmentorum numerus ad 54. Long. Corp. 23 ; lat. i, 8 ; long, antenn. i, 2. ^ Quam foemina angustior. Stipites mandibulares infra rotundatim aliquantum producti. Collum (PI. XIL fig. 57) lateribus latis, valde incrassatis, deorsum et extrorsum ali- quantum vergentibus, angulis rotundatis, utrimque striis nullis, intra parum excavatum, aneulo interne acuto. Pedes paris primi breves, ungue nullo, articulo secundo subcylindrico, tertio quam ceteri longiore, paris tertii (fig. 58) articulis 4 — 5 infra ad basin in processum sub- cylindricum, sat brevem, parum crassum productis, articulo sexto ad basin infra paullu- lum triangulariter producto, parium 4 — 5 etiam articulo tertio infra in processum parvum producto, parium 6 — 7 articulis fere ut idem paris tertii productis. Organum copulativum : pars antica (fig. 59) lamina externa {a) apice triangulari quam lamina interna (fig. 60 b) bilobata aliquantum longiore, flagello (/) longo, attenuato. Pars postica (fig. 61 — 62) processu antico, crasso, paullulum clavato et setis brevissimis, crassis instructo, quam lamina mediana spatio maiore breviore, processu postico [d) apice bifido quam lamina interna vix breviore. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 5000 feet (Perkins, in. 1894). I take much pleasure in naming this species after Robert Perkins, to whom we are all so much indebted. 33S F.-irX.-l N.-1II\-1//£XS/S (\ 2) Pimcrvi^onMS ^wdt/i!. sp. nov. ^ Nigrescens parte postica metazonaruin. antonnis pedibusque luride creineis. Caput laevig-atuni. Oculi ocellis c. 19 compositi, partim a collo obtecti. Antennae resupinae trunci segmentum primum superantes. Articulo sexto ceteris parum crassiore. Collum (tig. 60 lateribus perlatis, angulo antico late rotundato, postico subacuto, infra intlejxo. utrimque striis 6 exaratum. pone oculos iUiquantuni sinuatuni. Trinici segnienta nietazonis quani praezonae niagis elevatis. siilco interzonitico pro- tundo, dorso laevig-ato. metazonis parum sub poris longitudinaliter striatis. Cauda postice rotundata. valvulas anales non superans ; lamina intraanalis postice sat rotundata. setis duabus aucta. \'alvulae anales immarginatae. tuberculis duobus magnis parum longe a margine mediano auctae. Pedes parium 4 — 7 (fig. 64) articulo secundo infra setis pluribus instructo. articulo tertio ad mediam partem inferam processu subtriangulari aucto, articulis 4 — 6 ad basim infra processu subconico, brevi praeditis. Stipites mandibulares infra in processum parvum subtrapezoideum producti. Org-anum copulativum : pars anlica (fig. 65) lamina externa (~'h aculeoque apicali interiore minore instructis. Pedes postici mutici, albido-testacei, patellis tibiis metatarsisque apice anguste fusco-annulatis. A M. semispinosa E. Simon, cui sat affinis est, imprimis differt pedibus anticis brevioribus et annulatis, tibiis anticis aculeis 2-2 tantum armatis. Hab. Oahu. Proerniis schaiiinslandi E. Simon. F. H. 11. p. 497. Oahu. Jusqu'ici particulier a I'lle Oahu. Proermis velox E. Simon. F. H. 11. p. 499. Oahu. Decrit de Maui. Pagiopalus atofnariiis E. Simon. F. H. 11. p. 500. Oahu. Trouve aussi a Hawaii, Molokai et Kauai. Adrastidia stigmatica E. Simon. F. H. 11. p. 503. Oahu. L'une des. especes les plus repandues dans toutes les iles de I'Archipel. Heteropoda regia, Fabr. Cf. vol. 11. p. 504, ntinor. Oahu. Plusieurs individus adultes des deux sexes captures par M. Perkins dans les montagnes de Oahu sont remarquables par leur petite taille, ne depassant pas de 1 5 a 20 millimetres. Lycosa perkinsi, sp. nov. [cf. vol. 11. p. 505]. %. Long. 20 mm. — Cephalothorax longe ovatus, fulvo-rufescens, breviter et parum dense fulvo-cinereo-pubescens, parte thoracica, prope marginem, vittis radiantibus obscurioribus vix expressis notata, oculis posticis singulariter nigro-limbatis. Oculi quatuor antici inter se aequidistantes, medii lateralibus paulo majores, in lineam vix procurvam, paulo angustiorem quam lineam secundam. Oculi ser. 2ae. sat magni, spatio oculo fere duplo minore a sese distantes. Oculi quatuor postici, superne visi, aream latiorem quam longiorem et postice quam antice latiorem occupantes. Clypeus insigniter angustus, oculis parvis anticis saltem haud latior. Abdomen oblongum, fusco-testaceum subtus dilutius, supra antice linea fulva longitudinali confusa notatum, fulvo-cinereo-pubescens. Chelae validae, convexae. fusco-rutulae, nigro lulvoque 44—2 344 FAUX A HAUAIIENSIS hirsutae, margine inferiore dentibus trinis, subcontiguis, inter se fere acquis, superiore dentibus trinis, medio alteris multo majore, armatis. Partes oris, sternum, pedesque fulvo-rufula (pars labialis infuscata). Pedes sat longi, apicem versus graciles, quatuor antici patellis muticis, tibiis aculeis inferioribus validis et longis ■^,-'i^ aculeoque laterali interiore submedio armatis, tibia i' paris aculeis apicalibus carente, tibia 2' paris aculeo apicali interiore minore munita, metatarsis usque ad basin scopulatis, aculeis validis pronis i-^^ apicalibus minoribus, subtus armatis. Fovea genitalis (baud plane adulta) parva. carinula plana et nitida, lata, postice sensim ampliata et truncata, fulva cum angulis nigris, divisa. Espece fort remarquable differant beaucoup des quatre (Z. oahuensis Keyserl., hazuaiiensts, kalukanai et likelikeae E. Simon) actuellement connues des lies Sandwich et ne rentrant exactement dans aucun des groupes du genre. Elle se rapproche surtout du groupe de L. radiata Latr. dont elle differe cependant par son bandeau tres etroit, egalant a peine les yeux anterieurs, et par ses pattes fines aux extremites. Hab. Oahu. Lycosella annnlata E. Simon. F. H. 11. p. 508. Oahu. Espece propre a File Oahu. Syroloma major E. Simon. F. H. 11. p. 509. Oahu. Connu jusquici de Hawaii et Kauai. Hasariiis adansoni Audoum. F. H. 11. p. 511. Oahu. Trouve en grand nombre. Sandalodes validus E. Simon. F. H. 11. p. 514. Oahu. Decrit de Hawaii. Parait commun dans les montagnes de Oahu. Sandalodes verecundus E. Simon. F. H. 11. p. 516. (^ahu. Espece propre a I'lle Oahu. 345 MACROLEPIDOPTHRA [SUPPLE MENTIS ''". bj'achytarsa, with the forewings relatively shorter and broader ; the pale costal edge is characteristic. Scotojythra euryphaea Meyr. F. H. i. p. 188. Nine specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in August. MACROLEPIDOPTERA 355 AcRODREi'ANis Perk. Face rough-haired. Tongue developed. Antennae in f bipectinated, simple towards base and on apical f. Palpi rough-scaled. Thorax densely hairy beneath. Abdomen rather stout, laterally fringed with shaggy hairs. Femora, tibiae, and first joint of tarsi hairy, posterior tibiae without internal hairpencil in ^. Forewings : 10 and I I separate, 10 connected with g. Hindwings normal, in disc and towards dorsum clothed with long hairs. Separated from Scotorythra by the structure of the legs, otherwise closely related to the larger and probably more primitive forms of that genus. Acrodrepanis megalophvUa, Meyr. Scotoryrtln-a inegalophylla Meyr. F. H. i. p. 189. t, Acrodrepanis ncsiotis Perk. lint. Mo. Mag. xxxvii. (1901), 252. The special characters of the male are as follows : j". 56 mm. Antennal pectinations 4, spotted with dark fuscous (not lined as stated by Mr Perkins). Abdomen i. Posterior tarsi i. Forewings with lines purple, much stronger than in %. Mr Perkins' type seen ; NAV. Koolau range, Oahu, at 2000 feet, in August. I have no doubt whatever that this is the other sex of my niegalophylla. LYCAENIDAE. Lv(AEN.\ Fab. Lycacna bactica, Linn. Meyr. F. H. i. p 194. Eleven specimens, Honolulu, Oahu, in January and February. Lycaeiia blacklmrjii, Tuely. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 194. Seven specimens, Honolulu, Oahu. PHYCITIDAE. Genotilantls Meyr. Genophantis iodora Meyr. Cf. F. H. i. p. 195. Six specimens, Waialua, N.W. Koolau range, and Honolulu, Oahu, in January, July, and August. Ho.MOEOsOM.\ Curt. Homocosoma hnmci-alis, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 196. Ten specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. 356 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Honioeosoiiui amphibola Meyr. F. H. i. p. 197. Three specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahii. CRAMBIDAE. EucHKOMius Guen. Euchroniuts occ/lats, Haw. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 197. One specimen, Honolulu, Oahu, in June. Talis Guen. Talis honiodora Meyr. F. H. i. p. 199. Twenty specimens, coast near Honolulu, Waianae coast, and plateau between Waianae and Koolau ridges, Oahu, in January and February. Talis hydropkila, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 199. Ten specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, at 1500 — 2000 feet, in April and August. Talis floricolans, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 200. Twenty-three specimens, N.W. coast of Oahu. PYRAUSTIDAE. NvMi'HULA Schranck. Nynnpliula Jluctuosalis Zell. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 200. Three specimens, N.W. coast, N.W. Koolau range, and Honolulu, Oahu, in May, June, and August. Hvi'MKElTIS, %1in- nOV. Face rounded-prominent; ocelli present; tongue developed. Antennae over 1, in ^ serrulate, pubescent-ciliated, basal joint short. Labial palpi moderate, curved, ascending, second joint thickened with dense rather rough scales, terminal joint very short, obtuse. Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Thora.x smooth, patagia in ^ forming an expansible tuft of hairscales. Abdomen in ^ extremely long, slender, anal tuft normal. Legs very long, slender, middle tibiae little thickened, posterior tibiae with outer middle- spur nearly as long as inner. Forewings : 4 and 5 approximated towards base, 8 and 9 stalked, 10 closely approximated to 9 towards base. Hindwings i ; 3, 4, 5 approximated at base, 7 out of 6 near origin, anastomosing with 8 to middle ; in ^ on under-surface with a bladder-like swelling beneath base of costa. MACROLEPIDOPTERA y^-j This genus appears to belong to the Stcnia group, and is quite remote from any other Hawaiian insect ; hence I thought it might be an introduced exotic form, but it seems amply distinct structurally from anything described, and Prof J. B. Smith, to whom I sent a drawing and particulars on the chance of its being an American insect, returned it as unknown to him. At present therefore it remains an isolated fact without explanation. Hypcrcctis dioctias, sp. no v. $. 2 2 mm. Head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen light brownish-ochreous irrorated with dark fuscous. Antennae pale ochreous spotted with dark fuscous. Legs pale ochreous mostly suffused with dark fuscous, middle tibiae enclosing a tuft of whitish hairs in groove. Forewings very elongate-triangular, costa sinuate, posteriorly strongly arched, termen bowed, rather strongly oblique ; whitish-ochreous, irrorated with pale ferruginous-ochreous and dark fuscous ; first and second lines dentate, dark fuscous, first at 5, curved, second at |. irregularly parallel to termen ; orbicular and discal spots rather dark fuscous, orbicular roundish, constricted in middle, discal tolerably 8-shaped, followed by a patch of pale suffusion ; terminal area darker-suffused, enclosing an irregular pale little-defined subterminal line ; a terminal series of dark fuscous spots. Hindwings with ground colour, second line, and posterior markings as in forewings ; first line indicated by dark suffusion ; two small dark fuscous spots obliquely placed in disc. One specimen, Jao valley, Maui, in September. Margaronia Hub. Margaronia cxaula, Meyr. Cf F. H. i. p. 200. Fourteen specimens, Honolulu and N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in May, August, and December. Mr Perkins writes '' destructive to native Euphorbia in the mountains ; also feeds on introduced Euphorbia in gardens." Margaronia cyanoniichla Meyr. F. H. i. p. 201. One specimen, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu. Omiodes Guen. Omiodes blackburni, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 202. Two specimens, S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in February. Omiodes cpiccntra Meyr. F". H. i. p. 203. Seventeen specimens, N.W. Koolau range and coast, Oahu. up to 2000 feet, in May, July and August. Y. H. III. 46 o:) s8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Omiodes anastrepta Meyr. F. H. i. p. 204. One ^ (this sex not previously found), 31 mm. ; forewings with median band below middle sprinkled with ferruginous ; abdomen long, genital tuft large ; otherwise not differing from $, but in rather poor condition : N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. Oniiodcs aniidoxa, sp. nov. ^. 24 mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen light fuscous, mixed with whitish, anal tuft mixed with dark fuscous. Palpi dark fuscous, lower half white. Forewings moderate, apex rather prominent, termen sinuate beneath it ; light fuscous, mixed with whitish-ochreous ; first line represented by a thick black streak from \ of dorsum to beneath discal spot, its upper edge very obtusely angulated-prominent beneath orbicular dot ; a black orbicular dot, and small transverse-oval discal spot : second line obscurely pale, followed by a thick blackish posteriorly suffused streak, straight except towards costa, where it curves towards apex ; a terminal series of blackish triangular dots. Hindwings fuscous, mixed with whitish-fuscous ; a cloudy dark fuscous discal dot ; a straight pale postmedian line, edged posteriorly with dark fuscous suffusion ; an interrupted dark fuscous terminal line. One specimen, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. Nearest to O. atiastrepta, but notably smaller, and the angulation of anterior black streak is very obtuse, whilst in anastrepta it is nearly rectangular. Omiodes accepta, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 204. Fifteen specimens, N.E. and S.W. Koolau range. Omiodes continuatalis, Wall. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 205. Three specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. Omiodes monog7'anuna Meyr. F. H. i. p. 205. Two specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in August. Omiodes demaratalis, Walk. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 205. Seventeen specimens, N.W. Koolau range and Waialua, Oahu, in July. Omiodes localis, Butl. Meyr. ¥. H. i. p. 206. Five specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu. HVMENIA Hub. Hy me Ilia recitt'valis. Fab. Meyr. F. H. r. [). 206. One specimen, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in julv. MACROLEPIDOPTERA 359 Phlvctaenia Hub. Phlyctaenia syiiastra Meyr. F. H. i. p. 208] One specimen, S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, Phlyctaenia nioiiticolaiis, Butl. Meyr. F". H. i. p. 211. Three speciniens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July and August. Phlyctaenia nigrescens, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 211. Two specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu. Phlyctaenia niicacea, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 212. Two specimens, S.E. Koolau range, Oahu. Phlyctaenia stellata, Butl. Melanomecyna stellata Butl. Ent. Mo. Mag. xix. 179; Scopula stellata Meyr. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888, 222. I find this to be a good species, which I subsequently wrongly united with ennychioides (cf. vol. i. p. 216). The distinguishing characters are as follows: 17 — 25 mm. Forewings with first and second lines much more suffused, second line with pale posterior edging reduced to a series of whitish dots, one in subcostal indentation especially conspicuous (whereas in ennychioides it forms a uniform un- interrupted though obscure whitish-ochreous line) ; orbicular and discal spots wholly uniform dark fuscous (in ennychioides less dark centrally, darker-outlined) ; cilia without ochreous-whitish bars on apical half. Si.v specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, at 2000 feet, in Jul)- and August. Also occurs (from previous specimens and records) at Olaa, Hawaii, and Kaholuamano, Kauai, in January, April, and October. My error in confusing this species with ennychioides was due to my having mi.xed unset e.xamples of lainpadias amongst them ; when this species was isolated, the other two became easily distinguishable. Phlyctaenia ennychioides, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. 216 (pars). The distinctions of this insect from the preceding and following are given under those species respectively; my description, Faun. Haw. i. 216, includes all three. No specimens were included in the present consignment ; previous records are from Waianae Mts, Oahu, and Kaholuamano, Kauai. Phlyctaenia lainpadias, sj). no\'. ^ %. 22 — 25 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax rather dark fuscous, palpi 2^; — 3- Abdomen fuscous, segmental margins whitish. Forewings rather dark fuscous, some- 46 — 2 36o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS what mixed partially with pale ochreous suffusion ; hrst and second lines suffused, dark fuscous, first bent in middle, interrupted above middle and beneath costa. second waved, abruptly broken inwards at | to beneath discal spot, indented outwards near dorsum, interruptedly edged posteriorly with whitish-ochreous forming distinct spots near and on dorsum ; roundish orbicular and 8-shaped discal spots suffused with dark fuscous, discal sometimes pale-centred, sometimes separated by a spot of pale suffusion ; costa posteriorly more or less spotted with dark and pale : a terminal series of sharply marked alternate quadrangular dark fuscous and ochreous-whitish spots : cilia fuscous, mixed or obscurely barred with ochreous-whitish, with dark fuscous basal line. Hindwings whitish-fuscous, more fuscous posteriorly ; two obliquely placed dark fuscous discal spots ; a faint grey postmedian line ; a terminal series of dark fuscous marks separated by pale dots ; cilia fuscous mixed with whitish. Five specimens previously received ; Kilauea, Hawaii ; Haleakala, Maui, at 5000 feet ; and received without locality (not improbably Maui) from Mr Blackburn : in April and August. This species (included under einiychioides in both my descriptions) is separable from both oinychioides and stellata by the whitish-fuscous hindwings ; the distinct whitish-ochreous spots towards dorsum beyond second line, and the characteristic quadrangular terminal spots, are also distinguishing features. Phlyctaenia despecta, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 217. Twelve specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu. Phlyctaenia endopyra Meyr. F. H. i. p. 219. One specimen, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in August. Pyrausta Schranck. Pyrausia const ricta, Butl. ; Meyrick F. H. i. p. 224. Additional particulars are : $ ?. 19 — 25 mm. Varies considerably in development of reddish tinge and distinctness of markings ; lower half of discal spot sometimes dark fuscous ; in $ markings sometimes all very indistinct and obscure. Anastomosis of veins 9 and 10 of forewings is usual but not constant. Fourteen specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in April, May, July, and August. Mecvna Steph. Mecyna aurora, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 225. Six specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in August ; no locality for this species was previously recorded. 3/ A CROLEPIDOPTERA 36 1 EVERGESTIS Hiib. (i) Evc7-gcstis auastoinosalis Guen. One specimen, Honolulu, Oahu, in February. Not previously recorded ; it is an Indo-Malayan insect, artificially introduced, probably quite recently. XoMOPiuLA Hiib. Nomophila noctitflla, Schift". Meyr. F. H. 1. p. 227. One specimen, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. Hellula Guen. Helbda undalis. Fab. Meyr. F". H. i. p. 227. Five specimens, Waianae coast and N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in January and August. MeSTO LOBES Butl. Mestolobes xaiitJioscia Meyr. F. H. i. p. 230. Three specimens, S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. Mestolobes minuscula, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 233. Two specimens, Koolau range, Oahu ; one, Jao valley, Maui. Mestolobes semiochrea Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 238. Eleven specimens, S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. Mestolobes abnoimis, Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 239. Seven specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in May, July, and August. Mestolobes autodoxa Meyr. F. H. i. p. 239. Eight specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July and August. The palpi vary to pale ochreous-yellowish. Mestolobes antichora, sp. nov. ^ i6 mm., $ 14 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax fuscous, mixed with pale ochreous and whitish. Abdomen dark fuscous, mi.xed with whitish, especially in Z- I-egs ochreous-whitish, anterior and middle pair banded with dark fuscous, posterior tibiae in Z with brush of projecting blackish scales on apical half above. Forewings brown, in % suffusedly mixed with dark fuscous ; first and second lines slender, well-defined, ochreous-white, partially edged with dark fuscous, first curved above middle, second with 362 FAUNA HAU'AIIENSIS middle third curved outwards ; in % an indistinct whitish shade following first line and one on costal half of wing preceding second, and some spots of whitish suffusion towards base ; a cloudy dark fuscous discal dot ; a terminal series of dark fuscous spots : cilia fuscous, obscurely barred with ochreous-whitish, with a dark fuscous line. Hindwings in ^ white, with a dark fuscous fascia on upper half of termen confluent with a patch of dark fuscous suffusion in posterior part of disc, in % fuscous, darker posteriorly, ir- regularly mixed with white suffusion in disc ; in ^ a rather long whitish dorsal lobe, terminated by a tuft of whitish hairs with tips blackish, no costal hairpencil ; cilia ochreous-whitish, in ^ with basal half dark grey on terminal fascia, in % fuscous round apex and with darker fuscous basal line. Two specimens, S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. Allied to abnorniis and autodoxa, but larger, and differing from both in the absence of the costal hairpencil of t \ in the character of the dorsal lobe it is intermediate between the two, in the tibial brush it resembles abnormis. It is remarkable that these three rather nearly related species, \vhich might have been expected to be representative forms on different islands, are all apparently restricted to the small island of Oahu, where they occur together in the same locality. Orthomecvna Butl. Orthomecvna crossias Meyr. V . H. i. ]:>. 242. One specimen, S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. Orthoinccyua mesochasma Meyr. F. H. i. p. 244. One specimen, Lihue, Kauai. ScoPARi.\ Haw. Scoparia rhonibias Meyr. F. H. i. p. 249. Two specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. Scoparia balanopis Meyr. F. H. i. p. 250. Ten specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu. Scoparia gonodecta. sp. no\'. Scoparia niesoleiica Meyr. Faun. Haw. i., 252, nee Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888, 237. .Sufficiendy described {I.e.), and locality correctly quoted ; I originally de.scribed viesoleiica from an example received from Mr Blackburn without locality ; subsequently getting a series oi gottodecta from Kauai, I took it for the same species and redescribed it from these ; having now obtained a series of the true viesoleuca from Oahu, I find the two species to be constant and distinct ; the distinction is indicated below. MACROLEPIDOPTERA 363 SiOparia incsolcuca Meyr. Scoparia iiicso/aica Meyr. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888. p. 237; Fauna Hawaiiensis i. p. 252. J ^. 14 — 16 mm. Head ochreous-white. Palpi black, base and tips white. Thorax ochreous-white, a spot on shoulders and a central dorsal spot black. Abdomen brownish-ochreous, segmental margins white. Forewings ochreous-white ; a broad black oblique basal fascia, enclosing an ochreous-white basal dot ; a broad black oblique fascia from about f of costa to middle of dorsum, abruptly narrowed dorsally, slenderly connected in middle with subbasal fascia ; a moderately broad oblique black bar trom costa about f, reaching half across wing, confluent beneath with following fascia, their combined anterior edge forming a straight line ; a broad black subterminal fascia, including a white costal dot ; a terminal series of black dots, connected in middle with subterminal fascia by a black spot: cilia white. Hindwings pale grey, darker terminally, more whitish basally ; an indistinct darker discal spot ; cilia grey-whitish, with grey subbasal shade. Twelve specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July and August : original type from Mr Blackburn, without locality. Nearest to goiiodccfa, and falls under same head in tabulation ; easily distinguished by anterior edge of combined postmedian costal bar and subterminal fascia forming an unbroken straight line throughout, whereas in gonodecta it is broadly triangularly indented by ground colour in middle. Scoparia ca/acfis, sp. nov. ? $. 13 — 16 mm. Head and thorax blackish mixed with whitish. Palpi blackish, base whitish. Abdomen fuscous, anal tuft ochreous-whitish. Forewings w^hite or ochreou.s-white, sprinkled with black ; an irregular oblique black almost basal fascia, narrowed on costa ; first line curved, oblique, white, more or less distinctly doubled, posteriorly edged with a narrow black fascia ; orbicular and claviform small, roundish, black, separate, vertically placed ; discal X-shaped, black, connected with costa by a narrow black bar ; second line white, more or less blackish-edged anteriorly towards costa, terminal area beyond this blackish ; subterminal line white, distinct, connected with second line in middle, interrupted above this ; a terminal series of white dots : cilia white, indistinctly barred with blackish, with a blackish antemedian line. Hindwings fuscous, becoming darker posteriorly ; sometimes a distinct darker discal dot ; cilia whitish-fuscous, with fuscous subbasal line. Twenty-seven specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July and August. To this species also belong the specimens previously recorded as ombrodes from Waianae Mts, Oahu, in April. I confused this species with ombrodes in my description (Faun. Haw. I., 260) ; it is whiter, with much less black irroration, and the black markings are considerably narrower and less developed ; the acquisition of a good series proves it to be constant, and it is apparently restricted to Oahu. 364 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Scoparia ombrodcs, Meyr. Xeroscopa ombrodes Meyr. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888, 234: S. onibrodcs (pars) id. F. H. I. p. 260. $ %. 14 — 16 mm. Head and thora.x blackish mixed with whitish. Palpi blackish, base whitish. Abdomen fuscous, segmental margins whitish, anal tuft in $ ochreous. Forewings white, suffusedly mixed with black ; a more or less undefined irregular oblique black almost basal fascia, narrowed on costa ; first line white, slightly curved, oblique, more or less distinctly doubled, posteriorly edged with a band of blackish suffusion ; orbicular and claviform roundish, rather large, black, more or less confluent with this band ; discal suffusedly 8-shaped, black, connected with costa by blackish suffusion, lower half filled with white ; second line white, edged with black anteriorly, terminal area beyond this black ; subterminal line irregular, white, indistinctly connected with second in middle, interrupted above this ; a terminal series of white dots : cilia whitish, more or less barred with fuscous, with a dark fuscous antemedian line. Hind- wings fuscous, towards base whitish-tinged, darker terminally ; cilia whitish-fuscous, with fuscous subbasal line. Owing to the confusion mentioned above, I have redescribed this species. The recorded localities from Lanai, Molokai, and Hawaii are apparently correct ; but the Kauai specimens I now refer to dciiiodes. Scoparia ianthcs Meyr. F. H. i. p. 261. Twenty-one specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July and August. Varies in development of white median markings of forewings, which often form a more or less entire white median fascia. Scoparia inariiiarias Meyr. ¥. H. i. p. 261. Four specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July Scoparia bucolica Meyr. F. H. i. p. 263. Two specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu. Scoparia pyrseiitis Meyr. F. H. i. p. 263. One specimen, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. The first line of forewings is less straight than in the original examples, but otherwise there is no obvious difference. Scoparia hawaiensis Butl. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 267. Twenty-nine specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in August. The average size of these is rather small. Scoparia deiiwdes, Meyr. F. H. i. p. 268. As mentioned above, the Kauai specimens previously quoted under ombrodes are properly referable here. MACROLEPIDOPTERA 365 Scoparia geraea Meyr. F. H. i. p. 269. Four specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July and August. Scoparia luc/aiiopis, Meyr. F. H. i. p. 271. Two specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in August. Scoparia nieristis Meyr. F. H. i. p. 272. Four specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu. These specimens are easily distinguished from halmaea by the straighter and more strongly oblique first line : Molokai specimens are quite similar, but those from Hawaii do not show this so distinctly. Scoparia hahnaca Meyr. F. H. i. p. 272. Eighteen specimens, N.W. and S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July and August. The orbicular sometimes becomes an elong-ate black dash. & Scoparia rcligiosa, sp. no\'. ^ %. II — 13 mm. Head and thorax brown mixed with whitish. Palpi whitish, with a fuscous median band. Abdomen whitish-ochreous. Forewings white, irregularly irrorated with ochreous-brown and dark fuscous, sometimes clear in disc beyond middle ; some ochreous-brown spots mixed with black in disc towards base ; first line undefined, whitish, curved, oblique, indented in middle, edged posteriorly with dark suffusion ; orbicular and claviform indicated by some dark scales, not defined or distinct ; discal X-shaped, blackish, ill-marked, indistinctly connected with a spot of dark suffusion on costa above it ; second line slender, white ; terminal area suffused with dark ochreous- fuscous ; subterminal line white, confiuent with second in middle and interrupted above it ; some white terminal marks : cilia grey-whitish, with dark fuscous subbasal line. Hindwings in ^ whitish-grey, in % pale grey, becoming rather dark grey terminally ; cilia whitish, with grey subbasal line. Five specimens, N.W. Koolau range, Oahu, in July and August. I have also one example from Hawaii (overlooked amongst ombrodes and catactis. from which it dift'ers by the absence of the black subbasal fascia). In my tabulation it falls under the same head with platyscia, but is much smaller and less strongly marked. PYRALIDIDAE. PvKALis Linn. Pyralis viauritialis Boisd. Meyr. F. H. i. p. 275. One specimen, S.E. Koolau range, Oahu, in July. F. H. III. ' 47 366 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS ADDENDUM. Sir George Hampson (Cat. Lep. Phal. iv. 426) has described as a new species, Agrotis coniotis, the five specimens of those described by me (F. H. i. p. 151) as chersotoides Butl., which fell to the share of the British Museum. However, after considering his descriptions and figures, I see no reason to change my view that all were rightly included under chersotoides ; one of my own examples exactly matches his figure of chersotoides. No doubt these variable species are hard to understand ; but in this instance it must be remembered that I had before me eight additional specimens which Sir George Hampson has not seen. ZOOLOGICAL RESULTS based on material from New Britain, New Guinea, Loyalty Islands and elsewhere, collected during the years 1895, 1896, and 1897, by Arthur Willey, D.Sc. Lond., Hon. M.A. Cantab., Late Balfour Student of the University of Cambridge. Demy 4to. Parts I, II, and IIL Price i2i-. 6d. each. Parts IV and V. Price 21s. each. Part VI (completing the work). Price 125. 6d. PART I. 1898. 1. The anatomy and development of Peripatiis novae-britanniae. By Arthur WiLLEY, M.A., D.Sc. With Plates I. — IV. and 7 figures in the text. 2. Metaprotella sandalensis, n. sp. [Caprellidae]. By Dr Paul Mayer. With 6 figures in the text. 3. On a little-known Sea-snake from the South Pacific. By G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S. With Plate V. 4. Report on the Centipedes and Millipedes. By R. I. POCOCK. With Plate VI. 5. Account of the Phasmidae with notes on the eggs. By D. Sharp, M.A., F.R.S. With Plates VII.— IX. 6. Scorpions, Pedipalpi and Spiders. By R. I. PocoCK. With Plates X. and XI. PART II. 1899. 7. Report on the specimens of the genus Milkpora. By Sydney J. HlCKSON, M.A., D.Sc, F.R.S. With Plates XII.— XVI. 8. Report on the Echinoderms (other than Holothurians). By F. Jeffrey Bell, M.A. With figures on Plate XVII. and one figure in the text. 9. Holothurians. By F. P. BEDFORD, B.A. With figures on Plate XVII. 10. Report on tiie Sipunculoidea. By ARTHUR E. Shipley, M.A. With Plate XVIII. 11. On the Solitary Corals. By J. STANLEY GARDINER, M.A. With figures on Plates XIX. and XX. 12. On the postembryonic development of Cycloseris. By J. STANLEY GARDINER, M.A. With figures on Plates XIX. and XX. 13. On a collection of Earthworms. By Frank E. Beddard, M.A., F.R.S. With Plate XXI. 14. The Gorgonacea. By ISA L. HiLES, B.Sc. With Plates XXII. and XXIII. PART III. 1899. 15. Orthogenetic variation in the shells of Chelonia. By Hans Gadow, M.A., Ph.D., F.R.S. With Plates XXIV.— XXV. and one text- figure. 16. Enteropneusta from the South Pacific, with notes on the West Indian Species. By ARTHUR WiLLEY, D.Sc, Hon. M.A. Cantab. With Plates XXVI.— XXXII. and seven text-figures. 17. On a collection of Echiurids from the Loyalty Islands, New Britain and China Straits, with an attempt to revise the group and to determine its geographical range. By Arthur E. Shipley, M.A. With Plate XXXIII. PART IV. 1900. 18. On the anatomy of a supposed new species of Coenopsammia from Lifu. By J. STANLEY Gardiner, M.A., Fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. With one plate. 19. On the Insects from New Britain. By D. Sharp; M.A., M.B., F.R.S. With one plate. 20. Report on the Stomatopoda and Macrura. By L. A. BORRADAILE, M.A., Lecturer of Selwyn College, Cambridge. With four plates. 21. Report on the Slugs. By WALTER E. COLLINGE, F.Z.S., Mason College, Birmingham. With two plates. 22. Report on the Polyzoa. By E. G. Philipps, Newnham College, Cambridge. With two plates. 23. The Hydroid Zoophytes. By Laura Roscoe Thornely, University College, Liverpool. With one plate. 24. Astrosclera willeyana, the Type of a new Family of Calcareous Sponges. By J. J. Lister, M.A., St John's College, Cambridge. With five plates. 25. A contribution towards our knowledge of the Pterylography of the Megapodii. By W. P. Pycraft, A.L.S., British Museum. With one plate. 26. The Stolonifera and Alcyonacea. By Sydney J. Hickson, M.A., D.Sc, F.R.S., Beyer Professor of Zoology in the Owens College, and ISA L. HiLES, B.Sc, Owens College, Manchester. With two plates. 27. Report on the Xeniidae. By J. H. ASHWORTH, B.Sc, Demonstrator in Zoology, Owens College, Manchester. With two plates. PART V. 1900. 28. A Description of the Entozoa collected by Dr Willey during his sojourn in the Western Pacific. By ARTHUR E. SHIPLEY, M.A. With Plates LIV— LVI. 29. On some South Pacific Nemertines collected by Dr Willey. By R. C. PUNNETT. With Plates LVII.— LXI. 30. On the Young of the Robber Crab. By L. A. Borradaile, M.A. With figures in the text. 31. Anatomy of Neohelia porcellana (Moseley). By EDITH M. PRATT, M.Sc With Plates LXI I. and LXI 1 1. 32. On a new Blind Snake from Lifu, Loyalty Islands. By G. A. BoULENGER, F.R.S. With figures in the text. 33. On Crustacea brought by Dr Willey from the South Seas. By the Rev. T. R. R Stebbing, F.R.S. With Plates LXIV.— LXXIV. PART VI. 1902. 34. Contribution to the Natural History of the Pearly Nautilus. By ARTHUR Wll LEY, D.Sc, F.R.S. ■ I. Personal Narrative. II. Special Contribution. With Plates LXXV.— LXXXIII., a map and fifteen te.xt-figures. Soniion : C J. CLAY and SONS, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, AVE MARIA LANE, ffilasgoto: 50, WELLINGTON STREET. IVOi ?.. if. £- f^rtor FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS VOL. III. PART V. COLEOPTERA. III. D. Sharp AND Hugh Scott Price Thirty ShilUngs. To Subscribers Fifteen Shillings. The Fauna Hawaliensis is being published in parts at irregular inter- vals, and will it is hoped be completed in three Volumes. Contributions have been made or W. H. ASHMEAD ... G. H. Carpenter ... Prof. FiLIPPO SiLVESTRI . F. E. Beddard, F.R.S. , M. A. DOLLFUS Prof. AUGUSTE FOREL p. H. Grimshaw, F.E.S. G. W. KiRKALDY, F.E.S. E. Meyrick, F.Z.S. Hugh Scott, B.A. R. C. L. Perkins, D.Sc. D. Sharp, F.R.S. ... A. E. Shipley, M.A. M. EuG. Simon The Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing, F.R.S. E. R. Sykes, F.Z.S. The Lord Walsingham, F.R.S promised by the following, viz. Hymenoptera Parasitica. Collembola. Thysanura and Myriopoda. Earthworms. Isopod Crustacea. Formicidae. Diptcra. Hemiptera. Macrolepidoptcra. Part of Coleoptera. Vertebrata, Hymenoptera Aculeata, Orthoptera, Neuroptera, and part of Coleoptera. Part of Coleoptera. Parasitic Worms. Arachnida. Amp hi pod Crustacea. Mollusca. Microlepidoptera . N.B. The parts of the three Volumes are being published concurrently in order to expedite the completion of the work. The price of each part will vary according to its extent and the number of Plates. .Subscribers to the whole work will be charged half-price for each part. The parts will be sent, as published, to each subscriber who has paid for the preceding part. Orders should be sent to Mr C. F. Clay, Manager, Cambridge Warehouse, Fetter Lane, London, E.C., either direct or through any bookseller. Payments for each part should also be made to Mr C. F. Clay. COLEOPTERA CLERIDAE TO HYDROPHILIDAE Bv D. SHARP AND HUGH SCOTT M FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS OR THE ZOOLOGY OF THE SANDWICH (HAWAHAN) ISLES Being Results of the Explorations instituted by the Joint Committee appointed by THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON FOR PROMOTING NATURAL KNOWLEDGE AND THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE And carried on with the assistance of those Bodies and of the Trustees of THE BERNICE PAUAHI BISHOP MUSEUM AT HONOLULU. EDITED BY DAVID SHARP, M.B., M.A., F.R.S. SECRETARY OF THE COMMITTEE. VOLUME III. PART V. COLEOPTERA. III. Bv D. SHARP AND HUGH SCOTT. Pages 367 — 579; Plates XIII — XVI, uncoloiircd. CAMBRIDGE : AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. 1 90S \/in Rights reserved.'\ December \Zth, 190S. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE, C. F. CLAY, Manager. ItonDon; FETTER LANE, E.C. fftjinburoh : loo, PRINCES STREET. Berlin: A. ASHER AND CO. Itipjis: F. A. BROCKHAUS. i?.tnj Sork: G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS. Bnmbaq ant) Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO., Lto. 36; COLEOPTERA. o"/. ■*■/% h^^''.''-- ■ c IV. COLEOPTERA (VARIOUS). By D. Sharp and Hugh Scott'. Earn. CLERIDAE. Tarsostexus Spinola. Tarsostenus Spinola, Mon. Cleridae, i. 1844, p. 287. (i) Tarsostenus iinivittatus Rossi. Tarsostenus itnivittatns Rossi, Faun. Etr. Mant. i. p. 44. This introduced species holds its place near Honolulu, but apparently does not extend its range. Hab. Oahu : N.W. Koolau range vii. 1901 ; Waialua coast, v. 1901 (Perkins). Neckobia Latreille. Necrobia Latreille, Prec. Car. gen. Ins. 1796, p. 35. (i) Necrobia rufipes Fabricius. Necrobia rufipes Eabricius, Spec. Ins. i. p. 65. This and the following species are now nearly cosmopolitan. Hab. Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Lanai, Hawaii. (2) N^ccrobia r^ificotlis Fabricius. Necrobia JitficoHis Fabricius, Syst. ent. p. 57. Hab. Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Lanai, Hawaii. ^ A large portion of this part was completed some years ago, but was put aside owing to my being unable to find time for the remainder, .^bout a year ago I was so fortunate as to obtain the assistance of Mr Hugh Scott, to whom is due much of the concluding portion of this part. Mr Scott's actual contributions are distinguished by his name or initials being added. I have, however, to thank him for much assistance in preparing my own portions for press. D. S. F. H. III. 48 368 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Fam. MALACODERMIDAE. The two Insects of this family discovered by Mr Blackburn thirty years ago apparently hold their own at Honolulu, where both have recently been found by Mr Perkins. I suppose both of them to have been introduced, but they have not yet been found elsewhere, and it is within the bounds of possibility that they may have formed part of an old precinctive lowland Fauna now nearly extinct. Helcogaster Boheman. Helcogaster Boheman, Res. Eugen. 1858, p. 81. ( I ) Helcogaster pectinatus Sharp. Helcogaster pectinahis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 157, PL IV. fig. 20. Hab. Oahu, Honolulu (Blackburn, Perkins). Occurs in numbers occasionally ; about houses (Perkins). Caccodes Sharp. Caccodes Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 15". ( I ) Caccodes debilis Sharp. Caccodes debilis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 157. Hab. Oahu, Honolulu, scarce. Found in houses (Blackburn), but also found away from houses in planted forest (Perkins). Fam. ELATERIDAE. Adeloceka Latreille. Adelocera Latreille, Regn. anim. 11. 1S29, p. 401. (i) Adelocera modesta, Boisduval. Agrypims inodestiis Boisduval, \"oy. Astrolabe, Col. p. 108. Hab. Oahu (Blackburn, Perkins). Polynesia. Chalcolepidius Eschscholtz. Chalcolepidius Eschscholtz, Thon Arch. n. 1829, p, i;}^. ( I ) Chalcolepidius erythroloma Candeze. Chalcolepidius erythroloma Candeze, Mon. Flat. i. p. 282. C albertisi Candeze, Bull. Soc. ent. Belgique, 1S78, p. 55. COLEOPTERA 369 This fine Insect is apparently not very rare near Honolulu, but scarcely increases its range. Hab. Oahu (Blackburn, Perkins), Chili and Ecuador. [IscHiODONTUS Candeze. hchiodontus Candeze, Mon. Elater. 11. 1859, p. 90. Ischiodontiis hawaiiensis Candeze, Elater. nouveaux, fasc. 3, 1S81, p. 42. So far as we know, there is no Ischiodontiis in the Sandwich Islands. From infor- mation received from Mr Gahan of the British Museum of Natural History, it appears certain that the insects in the Fry Collection, which Candeze described as /. haivaii' ensis, were wrongly labelled as coming from the Sandwich Islands, the real locality being the Samoa Islands.] SiMOD.ACTVLus Candeze. Simodactyhis Candeze, Mon. Elater. it. 1859. p. 169. (i) Simodactyhis ciitnamomcus Boisdu\-al. Aeolus cinnainomeus Boisduval, Voy. Astrolabe, Col. \). 106. Hab. Kauai, Oahu, Hawaii. — Kauai, Lihue, vii. 1896 (Perkins). — Oahu; (Black- burn), Kaala mts. (Perkins). ^ — Hawaii, Kona, 1500 ft. vii. 1892 (Perkins). MoNOCKEPiDius Eschscholtz. Monocrepidins Eschscholtz, Thon Arch. 1829, 11. i, p. 31. ( I ) Monocrepidins exsnl Sharp. Monocrepidins cxsul ?)\\2lX^, Ann. Nat. Hist. (4) xix. 1877, p. 470. This species has recently been introduced into the Hawaiian Islands. I have only one individual before me, and it differs a little from the New Zealand type in sculpture, and in the form of the sides of the thorax and of the apices of the elytra, but these differences scarcely go beyond the limits of variation. M. exsnl is also. I believe, an introduction in the fauna of New Zealand, its native country being perhaps Australia. Hab. Oahu (Koebele). Melanoxan'thus Eschscholtz. Mclanoxanthns Eschscholtz, Silb. Rev. iv. 1836, tabula. ( I ) Melanoxanthns melauoccphalns Thunberg. Elater melanocephalns Thunberg, Nov. Ins. spec. in. 1784, p. 63. Hab. Oahu: Honolulu (Blackburn, Perkins); Waianae Mts. 1700 ft. iv. 1892 (Perkins). 48—2 370 FAUNA HAIVAIIEXSIS EoPENTHEs Sharp. Eopenthcs Sharp. Tr. DubHn Soc. iii. 18S5, p. 153. This genus, though very closely allied to Megapenthes, had better be kept distinct. The characters are as follows. Front of head but little produced in the middle, feebly margined, closely approximate to the front margin of the epistome, but separated from it by a definite space. Trochanteral notch of the coxal cavity broad and ver)- definite, usually projecting on each side as a sharp angle or spine. Antennae with second and third joints subequal : in the female about as long as the thorax, in the male about one- third or one-fourth longer. Elytra usually more or less spinose at tips. North American species of Elater such as E. carbonicolor Eschscholtz appear on the whole to be the nearest allies, but as closely-allied forms are found all over the world, this is not of much importance. The species are very difficult to distinguish, but perhaps the following table may prove of some assistance. a. Colour metallic Species i and 2 a . Colour not metallic. b. Prostemal process not bent upwards behind the front coxae Species 3 — 5 b'. Prostemal process bent upwards behind the front coxae. c. Tarsi notably thickened, fourth joint of hind feet not minute. d. Prostemal process before the apex projecting as a sharp denticle ...Species 6 — 28 d'. Prostemal process before the apex not denticular Species 29 c. Tarsi thickened, fourth joint of hind feet minute Species 3 o- 'jj (i) Eopenthes caet^ilejis, sp. nov. Gracilis, caeruleus. nitidus, femoribus rufis, tibiis, tarsis antennisque nigris. Long. 8i — 9^ mm. Narrow, of a beautiful blue colour, shining, with a scanty, rather long, black pubescence. The head and thorax are rather coarsely but not densely punctured, very shining ; the thorax elongate and narrow, the posterior angles markedly divergent. Elytra deeply striate, but the striae posteriorly are evanescent ; the apices rather strongly spinose. Tarsi elongate, the anterior and middle pairs distinctly incrassate. \'ar. molokaiensis : paulo latior, subtilius punctata. The species is so distinct by its colour that it is not necessary to discuss it. The series of about 20 specimens from Lanai van,- but little. The 4 specimens from Molokai are slightly different but are not. 1 think, another species. H.\B. Lanai, Molokai. — Lanai: Halepaakai, vii. 1894; Lanaihale, vii. and viii. 1S94: Mts. Koele. 3000 ft. vii. 1894. — Molokai: Kalawao, viii. 1893 (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 371 (2) Eopenthes miratiis, sp. no\'. Auratus, nitidus, femoribus rufis, antennis, tibiis tarsisque nigris. Long. ic>| mm. This scarcely differs from E. caettileus, except in the golden brassy colour and the slightly broader form, so that the thorax appears more narrowed towards the front. The series of E. cacrnlcns is very constant in colour, so that I think anratits will prove distinct. Hab. Molokai, 4000 ft. vi. 1896 (Perkins). (3) Eopenthes basalis Sharp. % Eopenthes basalis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 153. E. basalis ex parte, Blackburn, t. c. bottom of p. 155. Plate XIII. fig. 7, $. This fine species is readily distinguished by the strongly acuminate and sharply spinose apices of the elytra, as well as by the form of the prosternal process (Plate XIII. fig. 10). In both these characters it is approached by E. koebelei. There is a distinct incrassation of the base of the front tarsi. My original description was made from a rather small female. I have now both sexes before me. They differ comparatively little, the antennae of the male being less elongate than usual, and extending very little beyond the angles of the thorax ; it has the thora.x coarsely and very densely punctured, and the 2nd and 3rd joints ot the antennae rather shorter than they are in the female. The species is apparently very rare. The remarks made by Blackburn (t. c. p. 155) about E. basalis refer really to E. obscurus $. Hab. Oahu, Honolulu (Blackburn. Perkins); N.W. Koolau range; Mts. near Honolulu, 2000 — 3000 ft. (Perkins). (4) Eopenthes longicollis, sp. nov. ^ Nigerrimus, haud nitidus, pube pallida ac brevi vestitus, fortiter sculpturatus ; elytrorum apicibus spinosis. Long. 10^ mm. A remarkably distinct species, of elongate form, with very dense sculpture ; the punctures on the thorax are large and are crowded as closely as can be ; the striation of the elytra is remarkably deep, and the apices are more conspicuously spinose than in any other species except E. basalis : the antennae are largely developed and elongate : the prosternal process is to a certain extent an approximation to that of E. basalis, but is really very little different from that of the ordinary species of the genus except that it is rather less bent up behind the co.xae, and the denticle is larger. The species seems to connect the very distinct E. caernleus with basalis and koebelei. 372 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS We have only two specimens, they are both males, but a specimen in the collection at the British Museum is a female, and has the antennae considerably shorter. Hab. Kauai: Makaweli and Lihue, 2000 — 3000 ft. vi. 1894 (Perkins) ; Mountains of Kauai (Rev. Harper Pease, in Brit. Mus.). (5) Eopcnihes Intiiieralis Karsch. E later humeralis Karsch, Berlin, ent. Zeitschr. xxv. 1881, p. 5, PI. 1. fig. 7. %. Niger, elytrorum basi late flava ; prothorace dense punctate. Long. 13^, lat. 3^ mm. This species cannot be confounded with any other, e.xcept possibly E. basalts, or large female E. obsciir/is. From E. basalis it is distinguished by the less attenuate apices of the elytra, by the black antennae, the basal joints not being paler than the others : and from E. obscuriis by the more spinose apices of the elytra and by the prosternal process not being bent upwards behind the co.xae. I describe the species from a single female given me by Mr Koebele. Mr Perkins found a specimen of the male sex dead and entirely deprived of its antennae as well as of most of its legs. It has the thorax much more slender than that of the female (as is usually the case in Eopenthes), but in other respects agrees very well. H.A.B. Maui (Koebele); Olinda (Dr P'insch) ; Haleakala, 3000 ft. viii. 1894 (Perkins). (6) Eopenthes obscnrtts Sharp. %. Eopenthes obsciwus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 154, PI. IV. fig. 19. E. basalis ex parte, Blackburn, t.c. bottom of p. 155. $ Gracilis, fusco-niger, elytris summa basi flavescente, pedibus fuscis ; prothorace dense ac fortiter punctato ; corpore minus tenuiter pallido-pubescente. Long. 7^ — 12 mm., lat. 2 — 3:^ mm. The species was described by me from a single female. The two sexes are extremely different, the male being a comparatively small and slender insect, with elongate antennae, and the pale colour of the elytra confined to a short area at the anterior declivity. Although the elytra in this sex are narrow at the tips — not broad as in the female — and form a sharp angle there, they cannot be called spinose. The remarks made by Blackburn (t.c. p. 155) about E. basalis have reference really to E. obscurtis %. Hab. Oahu, near Honolulu (Perkins). The species is well known from Oahu. We also have 5 specimens with the number 210, which refers to Kona on Hawaii. One of these specimens is however marked on the margins, "Oahu mts. 2000 ft. /97. K." I feel sure that the entry as to No. 210 is incorrect and that the species is confined to Oahu. Cf remark under E. divisus. COLEOPTERA 373 (7) Eopenthcs kaitaicnsis, sp. nov. %. Niger, sat nitidus, pallido-pubescens, elytrorum basi interdum rufescente, antennis fusco-rufis, pedibus rufis, tarsis fuscis ; prothorace crebre fortiter punctato ; elytris apicibus attenuatis, subspinosis. Long. 1 i mm., lat. 3 mm. Of this form we have only two rather discrepant females ; it is not very near any species known from Kauai, and is apparently nearest to E. konae found at the other extremity of the Archipelago ; it is rather larger and more robust, and has the thorax rather more coarsely and sparingly punctured ; the front feet have a larger development of the fine clothing on their under surface ; the elytra are, in one specimen, differently coloured ; and they have the apices more spinose. Hab. Kauai. High plateau, viii. 1896; 4000 ft. vii. 1896 (Perkins). (8) EopentJics gcrnianits, sp. nov. %. Fuscus, elytrorum basi vage rufescente, antennis pedibusque sordide rufis ; prothorace elongato, crebre sat fortiter punctato ; elytris apicem versus attenuatis, haud spinosis. Long. 13, lat. 3I mm. A single specimen is very closely allied to E. obscnrus, but differs in so many points that I must treat it as a different species. It is rather more elongate in form, with the elytra more attenuate posteriorly, the pubescence of the upper surface is shorter, finer and more scanty, the punctuation of the thorax is less dense and coarse, and the antennae are longer, with a longer third joint than in any other .species ; the thorax is considerably longer, and more narrowed in front than it is in the female of E. obsciu'us. Hab. Oahu, near Honolulu (No. 786 Perkins). (q) Eopcuthes pallipes, sp. nov. %. Niger, nigro-pubescens, antennis pedibusque testaceis ; prothorace lateribus subparallelis, parce punctato ; tarsis gracilibus. Long. 8i, lat. vix 2^ mm. We have only one example of this species, and it is extremely close to the corresponding sex of E. cognatus, so that the validity of the species is somewhat doubtful : it has however the tarsi quite simple and slender, without any dilatation ol the basal joint; the antennae are more slender, and slightly longer, and the thorax is rather more parallel-sided ; the colour of the legs is pale yellow, even the tarsi are quite yellow. The elytra are attenuate towards the tip and distinctly spinose. Hab. Oahu, viii. 1900 (Perkins). (10) Eopenthcs politns, sp. nov. %. Minus gracilis, nigerrimus, nitidus, antennis fusco-rufis, basi pedibusque rufo- testaceis ; thorace parce subtiliterque punctato. Long. 8^, lat. 2^ mm. 374 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Though we have only one specimen of this species it appears to be so distinct that I give it a name without reluctance. It is the most shining of the genus, and has the thorax most sparingly and finely punctured. It is very distinct from E. vianiensis $, having shorter legs and antennae besides the distinctions in form and sculpture. The elytra are not spinose at the tips, there is no trace of any dilatation of the tarsi, the prosternal process is strongly tuberculate, and the punctuation of the ventral segments is very sparing and obsolete. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. vi. 1896 (Perkins). (11) Eopentlies deceptor, sp. nov. %. Nigerrimus, nitidus, pedibus flavis, tarsis fuscis ; prothorace minus dense fere subtiliter punctato ; elytris profunde striatis. Long. 'i\ mm. I describe this on a single female specimen. It is easily distinguished from E. varians, when that species has a similar coloration, by the more elongate form, and the less incrassated tarsi. It is most like E. palHpes, but is more shining, with a rather narrower thorax, and slightly thicker tarsi. The unique individual is not very well preserved ; the pubescence is short and scanty, differing markedly from that of E. vanans. Hab. Molokai, above Pelekunu, vii. 1893 (Perkins). (12) Eopc7itlics pcrkinsi, sp. nov. Niger, thorace elytrisque rufis, sutura nigricante ; thorace dense fortiter punctato ; elytris profunde striatis, apicibus parum acuminatis. Long. 10 — 13 mm., lat. 2^ — 3^ mm. Variat ; antennarum, pedum, elytrorum, abdominisque colore nigro plus minusve desinente. The male is much smaller than the female, and has longer, more highly-developed antennae and a denser punctuation of the thorax. The markedly red colour of thorax and elytra and the black suture of the latter make this species recognisable at a glance. The pubescence is pallid, but as it is shorter and finer than usual it is but little conspicuous. The hind angles in the male are but little directed outwards ; in the female not at all. There is a slight dilatation of the three basal joints of the tarsi ; the angle on the prosternal process is abrupt and well-marked, but does not project as a denticle or tubercle. Hab. Oahu. Near Honolulu on several occasions; 2000 — 3000 ft. on one occasion (Perkins). (13) Eopenthes dnnstis, sp. nov. Niger, femoribus flavis, elytris dimidio basali pallido, tibiis vel flavis vel fusco-fiavis ; prothorace fortiter ac crebrius punctato. Long. $ 7- — 7I mm., % 8 — 10 mm. COLEOPTERA 375 Readily recognisable by the coarse punctuation of the intensely black thorax, which is nevertheless shining, by the divided coloration of the elytra, and the brightly flavescent femora. In these characters it is approached by some of the varieties of E. variaiis, but that species has a marked dilatation of the tarsi, which is not the case in E. divkjts, moreover the pallid colour of the base of the elytra is remarkably pale in E. divisiis. The shape is rather peculiar, the insect being somewhat broad in the middle and much narrowed behind, so that the interstices of the elytra are broad in front but at the tip are very narrow : the actual tips are distinctl\- spinose. There is a slight dilatation of the base of the anterior tarsi, but not of the other two pairs. Hah. Oahu, Honolulu, 2000 ft. in iSq6 (Perkins). Certain of the specimens are numbered 210, which refers to Kona in Hawaii. I feel convinced that this is erroneous, and that the species is really confined to the mountains of Oahu. Cf remark under E. obsciiriis. Mr Perkins remembers finding this insect in Oahu. (14) Eopciithes konae Blackburn. Eopentkes koiiae Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1S85, p. 1^4. We have a very large series of about 300 specimens of this species, which is very variable. In colour it pas.ses from entirely black to light brown. The thorax is a good deal narrowed in front, the sides having usually a slightly concave curve. There is much pubescence on the thorax, usually of a pallid colour. The thorax is rather closely punctate but shining. The elytra are distinctly dehiscent at the tips, and minutely spinose. The length varies from 7^ — w^ mm. The male has the antennae rather longer than the female, about 2 joints extending beyond the hind angles of the thorax, while in the female they extend scarcely at all beyond the hind angle ; the length in a moderate sized f is about \\ mm. There is a very slight development of the fine pubescence on the under surface of the basal three joints of the feet, and an extremely slight incrassation of these joints ; the 4th joint of the hind foot is 2 or 3 times as long as it is broad. Hai!. Hawaii : Kilauea, on several occasions ; Kona, 3000 — 5000 ft. on several occasions; Olaa on several occasions ; Mauna Loa, 4000 ft. vii. 1S92 (Perkins) ; Kona, 5000 ft. (Blackburn). (15) Eopeuthcs cogiiatjis, sp. nov. Augustus, nigerrimus, nitidus, parce pubescens, pedibus flavis, tarsis tibiisque interdum fuscis ; antennis vel flavis subfuscentibus, vel nigris basi fusco-flava ; prothorace nitido, parce punctato ; elytris subtiliter striatis. Long. 8, lat. 2 mm. Narrower than E. konae, with the thorax more sparingly punctate, and the pubescence of the upper surface much less developed. The pubescence is black, so F. H. III. 49 3/6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS that it is concolorous with the surface. The legs of E. konae are never coloured like those of E. cognatiis. Somewhat doubtfully distinct. Hab. Hawaii: Kona, 3000ft. vi. 1892; Kilauea, vii. 1895; Olaa, vi. 1895 and IX. 1896 (Perkins). ( 1 6) Eopenthes celatits, sp. nov. Rufescens, capite, thorace, corpore subtus antennisque nigricantibus ; pube pallida conspicue vestitus ; prothorace sat crebre punctato ; elytris apicibus haud , spinosis ; antennis pedibusque elongatis. Long. 9 mm. We have only two individuals — males — of this species : it appears to be most like E. konae, but the elytra are not spinose at the tip, and the antennae and tarsi are rather more elongate. Except for slight and unimportant differences in colour etc. it agrees in most other respects with E. konae. Hab. Molokai, Kalawao, 8. viii. 1893 (Perkins). (17) Eopenthes gracilis, sp. nov. Angustus, nigerrimus, nitidus, nigro-pubescens, femoribus rufis ; prothorace nitido, disco parce punctato. Long. 9^, lat. 2 mm. Extremely close to E. konae, but distinguished from all the varieties of that species by the more slender form, and the scanty punctuation of the middle of the thorax. It is of an intense black colour, and shining ; the thorax has the sides moderately divergent behind, very little sinuate, the scanty pubescence detracting but little from the shining and intensely black appearance of the surface. The antennae of the male are slightly broader and longer than those of the male E. konae. The reddish yellow femora contrast strongly with the quite black tibiae. The under surface is rather more finely and scantily punctate than it is in E. konae. Hab. Molokai, Kalawao; mts. vi. 1896 (Perkins). (18) Eopenthes mauiensis, sp. nov. Nigerrimus, nitidus, nigro-pubescens, femoribus flavis, tibiis ante apicem vage flavescentibus ; prothorace nitido, parce punctato ; elytris profunde striatis. Long. 10 mm., lat. 3 mm. Rather broader than E. gracilis, with thicker and rather longer antennae, and more deeply striated elytra. Resembles E. cognatiis slightly, but is quite distinct. Five specimens. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. v. 1896 (Perkins). COLEOPTERA ^j-j (19) Eopenthes itnholor, sp. nov. Nigerrimus, nigro-pubescens, sat nitidus, thorace sat fortiter punctate ; tarsis gracilibus, articulo quarto baud abbreviate ; elytris sat profunde striatis. Long. 7 — 8 mm. Resembles the variety of E. cognatns with dark legs very closely ; but in addition to having the legs and base of the antennae completely black, it has shorter antennae and a differently shaped thorax, this being less elongate and parallel-sided, with the hind angles more distinctly directed outwards. In E. nnicolor the apices of the elytra are not spinose. This character and the quite simple tarsi completely separate the .species from E. ftinebris, which is similar in colour and size and is also a Kauian species. We have only two males of E. nnicolor. H.A.B. Kauai, 4000 ft. mi. 1896 (Perkins). (20) Eopenthes fnnebris, sp. nov. Nigerrimus, gracilis, parum convexus, nitidus, nigro-pubescens, prothorace gracili, fortiter minus dense punctato, antennis pedibusque elongatis, tarsis anterioribus articulis bene dilatatis, articulo quarto brevi ; elytris profunde striatis. Long. 8 mm. Though very similar to E. cognatns, this is readily distinguished by the more coarsely punctured thorax, and the considerably shorter fourth joint of the tarsi ; this last character is correlative with an evident incrassation of the basal joints. There is no doubt of the distinctness of this insect, though we have only two male specimens. Hab. Kauai, mts. Waimea, 3000 ft. vi. 1894 ; high plateau, viii. 1S96 (Perkins). (21) Eopenthes p/ebeius, sp. nov. Rufus, plus minusve infuscatus, vix nitidus, pube elongata pallida vestitus ; prothorace crebre fortiter punctato, angulis posterioribus evidenter divergentibus ; elytrorum marginibus saepe dilutioribus. Long. 9 — gf mm. We have six e.xamples of this species, all of which are males. It appears to be variable as to colour, but not in a definite (or racial) manner. One of its most conspicuous characters is the pallid pubescence, which is longer and more conspicuous than usual. The head is never quite black. The punctuation of the thorax is rather dense and coarse ; the elytra are deeply striate, and the punctuation of the interstices makes them rough ; the apices have no spine, or only a minute trace of one, at the tips. The legs and antennae are elongfate. The parts of the body are more or less infuscate. In the example with greatest development of this dark colour, the thorax is nearly entirely black : the insect then resembles the male of E. obscnrns, but the side margins of the elytra as well as 49—2 3/8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS the base remain pale, and the pubescence of the surface is very different. It is considerably larger than E. satelles of the same island and has not a definitely black head and thorax. Hab. Lanai. Lanaihale ; above Koele ; Halepaakai ; July, 1894 (Perkins). (22) Eopenthcs aydiiiis, sp. nov. Rufescens, nitidus, pube pallida minus conspicue vestitus, capite nigricante, antennis fusco-rufis ; prothorace sat crebre minus fortiter punctate ; elytris profunde striatis, apicibus minus attenuatis, minute spinosis. Long. 7^^ — 8^ mm. We have one male and three females of this species ; it is very difficult to distinguish by good characters from either E. antennatiis or E. ambiguiis, but I believe it will prove distinct. It is considerably larger and broader than E. ambignus, and the coloration though variable in both appears never to quite agree : the feet are not black in E. arditns, and the thorax is not red with a large black patch on the middle, but is either nearly red or nearly black. It is apparently smaller than the inadequately known E. anfennatus, and is less depressed, and has the thorax less straight-sided, and the sides less convergent in front. Hab. Oahu (Perkins). (23) Eopenthcs antennatiis, sp. nov. Fusco-niger, elytrorum basi vage rufescente, antennis pedibusque fusco-rufis ; thorace elongato, antrorsum angustato, dense fortiter punctato. Long. 10 — 10^ mm. Var. Thorace parcius punctato, elytris concoloribus. Distinguished from E. konae by the larger development of the antennae of the male, and by the thorax being regularly narrowed to the front. The antennae are 5 mm. long, their joints are broader and more serrate than they are in E. konae. Six specimens. There is a great deal of discrepancy in these individuals, so that if they are all one species it must be a very variable one. Hab. Oahu, viii. 1900 (Perkins). (24) Eopenthcs oahnensis, sp. nov. Niger, nitidus, parce subtiliter pubescens, elytris summa basi flavescente, pedibus testaceis, antennis testaceis vel fusco-testaceis basi testacea ; prothorace parce punctato. Long, y—jh mm. Narrow, with the hind angles of the thorax but little divergent. Though rather similar to some of the varieties of E. konae there is no doubt of its distinctnes.s. Four specimens. Hab. Oahu (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 379 (25) Eopenfhes varians, sp. nov. Colore varlans : saepe nigerrimus, parce minus subtiliter fusco-pubescens ; pro- thorace fortiter punctato, elytris profunde striatis, apicibus baud spinosis. LonQ-. b\: — 8-^ mm. Var. a. Elytris dimidio basali pallido. b. Niger, pedibus flavis. c. Elytris dimidio basali pallido, pedibus flavis. The great variability in colour of this species is accompanied by a considerable sexual difference in size and form, but the species cannot be confounded with any other found on Molokai. Fifty specimens. Hab. Molokai. Mountains, 12. vii. 1893; 4000 ft. 12. viii. 1893; 9. vi. 1893; 4000 ft. VI. 1896; Kalae mts. 7. viii. 1S93; Makakupaia, 26. xii. 1893; Kalawao, 8. \'iii. 1893 (Perkins). (26) Eopoithcs satcllcs Blackburn. Eopcnthes satclles Blackburn, \x. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 155. Niger, pallido-pubescens, elytris pedibusque infuscato-testaceis ; prothorace fortiter punctato, nitido, elytris profunde striatis. Long. 7 — -j\ mm. This species has a coarsely but not densely punctured thorax, on which the rough, pallid, pubescence stands out very conspicuousl)- ; the hind angles of the thorax are usually rufescent. The species appears to be very closely allied to E. aiiibignus structurally, and the tarsi are almost the same in the two, but E. su/f//es has the apical part of the elytra less attenuate, and the apices very indistinctly spinose. The colour varies somewhat, and the female appears to be usually rather larger than the male, and has less elongate legs and tarsi, which too are usually paler in colour, being yellow, more or less slightly intuscate. Seventeen specimens. Hab. Lanai. Halepaakai, vii. 1896; Lanaihale, \ii. 1894 '''''*-l ^ii- '896; mts. Koele, 3000 ft. vii. 1894 (Perkins) ; Koele (Blackburn). (27) Eopcnthes fine tits, ^\). nov. Z. Nigro-rufus, elytrorum basi rufescente : prothorace minus crebre sat fortiter punctato ; elytris profunde striatis, apicibus spinosis. Long. 8, Lit. 2 mm. We have only one specimen of this species, and it is in bad preservation, all the pubescence being rubbed off. It appears to be nearest to E. anibignus, but it has the antennae comparatively shorter and broader, and the tarsi rather broader and thicker There is considerable difference in the colour, but this is of little importance : the colour in both is obscure red with the elytra testaceous, and all the parts more or less infused 38o FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS with black ; this dark infusion is greater in E. tincius, so. that the thorax above is black with reddish angles. On the under surface, either the black or the red colour predominates on several parts, but this is no doubt variable. From E. imiticus, which it superficially somewhat resembles, it is distinguished by the strong denticulation of the prosternal process. It is smaller and more slender than E. konae and E. cognatus. H.AB. Hawaii, Olaa, xi. 1896 (Perkins). » (28) Eopentlies ambiguus Blackburn. Eopenthes ambigtms Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 155. Angustus, sordide testaceus, prothorace disco late nigricante, crebre sat fortiter punctato : elytris sat profunde striatis, plus minusve infuscatis. Long. 7 — 8 mm. The small series of examples — 14 in number — before me indicate a variable insect, with elongate antennae in the male, and slender feet without dilated joints ; the thorax is subparallel at the sides, the hind angles being comparatively little turned outwards. Hab. Oahu (Perkins) ; Palolo valley, 2000 ft. (Blackburn). (29) Eopenthes nnUicus, sp. no v. ^. Angustus, haud convexus, nigricans, elytris testaceis, circa scutellum, sutura apiceque nigricantibus, antennarum basi pedibusque sordide testaceis. Long. 7^, lat. if mm. Plate XIIL fig. 6. An obscurely, or indefinitely coloured insect, of slender form, with elongate antennae and legs, distinguished from its allies by these characters, and by the fact that the prosternal process is more than usually abruptly bent upwards behind the coxae, and has no tubercle on it (Plate XIII. fig. 9). The angles of the thorax are strongly divergent, the punctuation rather coarse. The elytra are rather deeply striate ; at the tips they are slightly sinuate, and though not really denticulate, end in a very acute angle. There does not appear to be any dilatation of the tarsal joints, the fourth joint is slender and elongate. The eight specimens before me are all males. Hab. Kauai, high plateau, viii. 1896 ; 4000 ft. vii. 1896 (Perkins). (30) Eopenthes debilis Sharp. E. debilis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1S85, p. 154. Mr Perkins has met with only one individual of this species. It may be readily distinguished from all the varieties of E. anibigmis, by the tarsal structure ; the small fourth joint of the hind tarsus in E. debilis is a striking and distinctive character. The length is 7 mm. Hab. Oahu (Perkins) ; Waianae mountains, 2500 ft. (Blackburn). COLEOPTERA 381 (31) Eopcnthcs paii'itlits, sp. nov. Rufulus, capite nigro : elytris pallidis, subtiliter striatis, strils ad apicem perparum impressis ; tarsis articulis bene dilatatis, articulo quarto minuto. Long. 6 mm. This is one of tlie smallest Eopenthes. We have only 6 specimens ; they are all females, and are distinguished from E. dehilis by the rather smaller size, and the more delicate striation of the elytra. The distinctness of the species requires confirmation by comparison of larger series of the two forms. Hab. Oahu. N.W. Koolau range, vii. 1901 and \iii. 1901 (Perkins). (32) Eopenthes marginains, sp. nov. $ Niger, elytris pallidis, nigro-marginatis, antennis pedibusque fusco-testaceis ; pro- thorace crebrius fortiter punctato, elytris striatis, striis apicem versus obsoletis. Long. 5^ mm. This is the smallest of the Eopenthes. We have only one specimen ; it is a male, and comes very near E. pai\\ — 8 mm. Distinguished from all the other species by its extremely pallid colour and the reduced sculpture and pubescence. We have only three examples, two of which are females, while the third specimen, the smallest of the three, is, I believe, a male. The thorax is remarkably straight at the sides, being very little rounded and narrowed in front ; its hind angles are very fine and sharp ; its surface has a peculiar silky dulness, on which the fine punctuation shows but little. The elytra are rather deeply striate, and the punctuation on the interstices is rather fine. The pubescence is everywhere very minute and inconspicuous. Hab. Oahu (Perkins and Koebele) ; N.W, Koolau range, vii. [901 (Perkins). (8) Itodacmis collaris, sp. nov. Angustus, haud depressus, prothorace subtiliter punctato, elongato, lateribus sub- parallelis ; elytris profunde striatis. Long. 9 mm. We have only two specimens of this species, which are very discrepant in colour, so that I have not alluded to this in the diagnosis ; one is entirely rufescent, with pallid antennae and legs, and the other has the head and the greater part of the thorax and under surface blackish. Both are males, and the colour of the paler specimen is probably due to immaturity. Although resembling pretty closely /. blackbiuniiamis, I. collaris is quite distinct, as it has the angle of the inner lamina of the hind coxa much more prominent • the legs of /. collaris are also considerably stouter. In this character and in general appearance it makes some approach to the genus Dacnitits. Hab. Molokai, June, 1896 (Perkins). Dacnitus, gen. nov. Corpus breve, pedibus majusculis. Metasternum abbreviatum. Coxae posteriores lamina externa fere nulla, lamina interna angusta, excisione trochanterali fere nulla. This may be briefly described as an Itodacmis, with cursorial legs. The short hind-body and the abbreviated metasternum make it probable that when more material is found for study the insect will prove to be a flightless form. Although in some of the species of Itodacmis the inner lamina of the hind coxa, as well as the outer one, is considerably reduced, yet these are not intermediates in this respect between Itodacmis and Dacnitus. For in this genus the lobe though reduced in width, is increased in length. COLEOPTERA ^s^ o'^D (i) Dacnitiis ciirrax, sp. nov. Fusco-niger, baud nitidus, antennis pedibusque fusco-testaceis ; parcius pubescens ; prothorace suboblongo, parce punctato ; elytris convexiusculis, profunde striatis. Long. 6\ mm. Plate XIII. fig. 8. We have only two specimens of this curious little Elater. I do not know their se.x, but suspect them to be males, and that the female may be a larger insect, perhaps considerably different in form. The antennae are very long, not serrate. The head is coarsel}' and very densely punctured : in strong opposition to the thorax, which has but little punctuation. The sides of the thorax are slightly bisinuate ; and there is no raised line on the inner margin of the hind thoracic angles. The scutellum is quite distinct but not so elongate and pointed at the tip as is usual. The elytral striae are deep and there is very little sculpture on the interstices ; these show some irregularities, difterent in the two indi- viduals. The legs are both long and stout, the femora projecting much beyond the sides of the bodies. Hai!. Kauai, 13. i\. 1895. O" '^he high plateau, under a log or stone on damp mud (Perkins). Subfam. EUCNEMINI. The subfamily Eucnemini includes at present about 600 species, and is found in all parts of the world except the cold regions. It is apparently entirely xylophagous, all the species living in the wood of trees. It is most difficult to deal with, as the species are extremely rare in collections, and most of them have been founded on unique specimens. Hence the classification of the group is in a very rudimentary state. It was monographed by Bonvouloir in 1870 (Ann. Soc. ent. France, sen 4, Vol. x. suppl.) and his classification was little more than a tabulation of the genera intended to facilitate the determination of the species. The genera Droiiiafo/iis and Eoriiax were recognised by him as two of the most e.xtensive, and were diagnosed by the relation of the eye to the groove for the antennae. Our species with one e.xception all belong to these two genera, and it would be impossible in the case of some of them to say whether they should be placed in Droiuacolus or Eornax. Recently (Ann. Soc. ent. France, lxx. 1901, pp. 636 — (564), the genera have been treated by M. Fleutiaux in a new table in which Bonvouloir's character has been entirely abandoned, and Eoriiax and Di-oniacolits are distinguished by the former possessing dentate, the latter simple claws. According to this all our species (with the one exception noticed) come under Droiuacolus, and I have here adopted that view. 50—2 386 FAUNA HAVVAIIENSIS D. perkinsi and its near ally D. gernmniis have no connection with the other Dromaeoliis found in the Hawaiian Islands, but I do not separate them as a distinct genus because of the unsatisfactory condition of the taxonomy ol the subfamily. I have recognised t^'^ species of Dromaeoliis in the Hawaiian Islands. It is probable that all are precinctive. The material before me for dealing with this division is very inadequate. Leaving out of the question the two isolated species mentioned above we have less than loo specimens, an average of about three to a species. As some of the species of Eucnemini are known to be variable, this material is clearly inadequate to enable me to decide on the specific limits with any certainty, and my attempt to define the species must be considered as merely tentative. I find that the phenomenon of fiightlessness exists, as some of our most peculiar species have nothing but mere rudiments to represent the wings. Others have the organs of flight fully developed. Owing to the scanty material before me I am unable to deal with this question satisfactorily, and in many cases I am only able to guess as to whether the insect has wings or not. I am not aware that any flightless Eucneminae have been detected elsewhere. The following key is therefore merely a temporary device and is perhaps not even accurate. Group 1. Large insects, elongate and narrow, fully winged, with short coxal laminae (all the other forms have longer coxal laminae). Species i and 2. Group 2. Winged forms, slender in build and elongate in form ; usually of small size. Species 3 — 16. Group 3. Clumsily built forms of large or moderate size, most of which I believe to be winged forms. But this is in several cases a mere guess. Species 17 — 2"]. Group 4. Small forms with thora.x large in proportion to the after body, which is always reduced in length. Most, if not all, of the species are pretty certainly wingless. This is however specially doubtful in the case of nos. 28 and 30, D. cephalotes and D. haivaiiensis. Species 28 — t^Z- Dromaeolus Kiesenwetter. Dromaeoliis Kiesenwetter, Nat. Ins. iv. 2, 1858, p. 197. Group 1. ( 1 ) Dromaeoliis perkinsi, sp. nov. Elongatus, angustus, nigerrimus, nitidus, pube albidescente sparsim vestltus, protho- race canalicula brevi. Long. 10 — 15 mm., lat. 3 — 2,\ mm. Plate XIII. fig. II. Entirely black, except that there is a white pubescence- — scanty on the upper surface, COLEOPTERA 387 more dense below — and that the tarsi are reddish towards their tips. The antennae are elongate, reaching, when in their grooves, quite as far back as the hind margins of the middle acetabula, the 4th joint is rather longer than broad, and the fifth still a little longer. Thorax rather closely and coarsely punctured, with a short channel on the middle behind. Elytra feebly striate, with the punctuation dense at the base, but scanty elsewhere, the suture raised and forming a minute spine at the tip. Under surface densely punctate, and with a rather abundant pallid setosity. Except in size the species varies but little. D. pcrkiusi and its close ally D. germauits have no relation to any of the other Hawaiian Droiuacoli. The coxal laminae are much shorter, not reaching nearly so far back as the ist ventral suture; the mesosternal cavity has broad margins; the clypeus is emarginate in front ; the tarsi are stronger, with longer terminal joint and claws. The two species are more similar to the Californian D. basalis. from which however they are abruptly distinguished by the deep, definite and elongate antennal grooves. Hab. Hawaii, Maui. — -Hawaii: Kilauea, August, 1S95, 16 specimens (no. 574); Kona, 3500 ft. 28. VI. 1895, - specimens. — Maui: Haleakala, 4000 ft. 31. in. 1894 (Perkins). On Maui fragments only, of two individuals however, were met with. I can find no important difference from the Hawaiian specimens. (2) Dromaeolus gcrinaniis, sp. nov. Elongatus, angustus, nigerrimus, nitidus, pube albidescente sparsim vestitus, protho- race canalicula mediana elongata. Long. 10 mm. Very closely allied to D. pcrkiusi, but rather narrower with shorter antennae and tarsi, and the channel on the middle of the thorax longer. The eyes are rather smaller and do not infringe on the line of the antennal groove, so that even in Bonvouloir's arrangement the species would come into Dromaeohis. We have received only one example ; unfortunately after being examined it met with an accident and is much damaged. It probably represents a really distinct species. Hab. Kauai, 4000 ft. vii. 1896 (no. 640, Perkins). Group 2. (3) Dromaeolus bonvoiiloiri Sharp. Fornax bonvoiiloiri Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 151. This little insect is distinguished by its uniform dull, infuscate red colour, with the pubescence rather paler, flavescent ; the dense thoracic punctuation, and the narrow form much acuminate behind. The antennae are moderately long and reach back quite as J 88 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS far as the hind margin of the middle acetabula ; the third joint is rather short, the fourth small, about as long as broad, and half as long as the third, the fifth is distinctly larger, slightly longer than broad, the sixth to tenth differ but little from one another, each is much longer than broad, though hardly twice as long as broad, the terminal joint is elongate, three times as long as broad ; the tarsi are rather long and moderately stout ; on the hind legs the basal joint is about as long as the following four together, the fifth joint is of moderate size, the claws are rather small ; the lamina of the hind coxa extends quite as far back as the first ventral suture : the eyes scarcely impinge on the antennal groove, which extends as far back as the base of the thorax independent of the hind angles ; the outline of the thorax is very regular, there being not the least sinuation of the sides near the hind angles. The sides of the mesothoracic cavity are slender, and are obtuse in front, not in the least tuberculate. Length 4 — 5-!- mm. Breadth less than 2 mm. Hab. Oahu (Blackburn); Honolulu mountains; N.W. and S.E. Koolau range (Perkins). I have assigned to the species, with doubt, two specimens, which are rather larger and darker in colour, and have the fourth joint of the antenna slightly longer. They appro.ximate to D. ardiius (Hawaii). (4) Dromaeolns agriotoidcs, sp. nov. Nigrofuscus, elongatus, angustus, postice acuminatus, fiavo-pubescens, .sat nitidus, antennis pedibusque rufis, antennis elongatis. Long. /-^--Si^ mm. Allied to D. bonvoidoiri, though much larger and darker in colour, and with the upper surface more shining. The elongate antennae extend back almost to the hind margin of the metasternum ; when placed in their grooves three joints extend beyond the extremity of the thoracic angles ; the fourth joint is a little longer than broad, the fifth is considerably longer, and the terminal joint is very long, slightly over \ mm. The punctuation of the upper surface is rather scanty and fine, but quite definite, and the striation of the elytra is rather more distinct than usual. The borders of the mesosternal cavity are slender, and the punctuation of the under surface fine. Hab. Hawaii. Two specimens; Olaa, June, 1895, and Kilauea. July, 1895 (Perkins). Mr Koebele has also found a specimen. (5) DroDiacolus arditits, sp. nov. Nigrofuscus, elongatus, angustus, postice acuminatus, flavo-pubescens, baud nitidus, antennis pedibusque rufis, illis sat elongatis. Long. 6f — 9 mm., lat. 2^ — -3 mm. Closely allied to both D. bonvouloiri and agriotoides. Darker in colour than the former, with a rather long fourth joint and a shorter terminal joint to the antennae. More densely punctate and less shining than D. agriotoidcs, and with shorter antennae. COLEOPTERA 389 The feet are formed verv much like those of D. bo7ivoiilou-i, the terminal ioint beino- shorter than in D. agriotoides. The two specimens fotind in Hawaii are discordant in size ; it is possible that the form may prove to be not sufficiently distinct from D. bonvoidoiri. Until more specimens of these difficult forms can be examined it is not possible to speak with any confidence. The three specimens from Honolulu agree neither with this species nor with D. bonvoii/oiri. but apparently are nearest to D. ardiius. of which I have labelled them as varieties. The thorax is shorter, more strongly punctured and less narrowed in front. Hab. Hawaii : Kona, 3000 ft. viii. 1894 : Olaa, ix. 1896 (Perkins). — The variety from Oahu was found on the mountains near Honolulu in August, 1900 (no. 785, Perkins). (6) Droinacolus aiiicus, sp. nov. Elongatus, angustus, postice acuminatus, thorace elytris paulo latiore, fusconiger, dense subtiliter punctatus, pubescentia pallida : antennis pedibusque flavis, illis elongatis. Long. 5^ mm., lat. vix if mm. Closely allied to D. bonvoitloiri ; of all the species the narrowest and most wedge- shaped, the thora.x being perceptibly broader than the elytra. The antennae are rather slender, and the terminal two and a half joints extend beyond the angles of the thora.x. The punctuation of the thorax is less dense and coarse than it is in D. bonvoitloiri. The fourth joint ot the antennae is a little longer than broad, the terminal joint elongate. Only one .specimen was found, and as I cannot place it at present with either of the other species I treat it as distinct, though it is far from improbable that it may prove to be connected with either D. agriotoides or D. bonvoidoiri . Hab. Hawaii: Kona, 3000 ft. August, 1894 ("O- i4-> Perkins). (7) Droinacolus sordidns, sp. nov. Fusco-terrugineus, dense subtiliter punctatus et pubescens, antennis elongatis. Long. 5 J — 6 mm. This is broader than D. bonvoitloiri and less acuminate behind, darker in colour, much more finely punctate, with longer antennae, the setae and pubescence of which are more distinct. The antennae extend back as far as the hind margin of the meta- sternum, their third joint is elongate, not greatly shorter than the basal one, fourth much longer than broad. The legs are red, more or less infuscate ; the front tibiae broad, and the second and third joints of the front feet are much smaller than the fourth. The antennal grooves are rather broader and less sharp and definite than they are in D. bonvoitloiri. Two specimens. Hab. Oahu, Kaala mts. 2000 ft. January, 1893 (no. 34, Perkins). 390 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (S) Droniaeoliis obscunis, sp. nov. Fusco-ferrugineus, dense subtiliter punctatus et pubescens ; antennis sat elongatis. Long. 4 — 4^ mm. This may possibly not be distinct from D. sordidus, the difference in the antennae being perhaps sexual, and the other distinctions merely due to variation. The antennae are slightly longer than in D. bom>ouloiri and the fourth joint evidently longer than broad. The front tibiae of one of the two individuals are dilated, but in the other they are not, and this renders it probable that the specimens are of two se.xes. If therefore the examples are not distinct from D. sordidics, that species will prove to be a very variable one. Mr Perkins remembers the capture of these insects and thinks the four specimens are probably of one species as he found them in the same log. Hab. Oahu : Kaala mts. 2000 ft. January, 1893 (no. 34, Perkins). (9) Dromaeolns, conipressus, sp. nov. Angustus, antice et postice angustatus, haud depressus, nigricans, antennarum basi pedibusque rufis, vel nigricantibus ; flavo-pubescens, subtiliter punctatus, parum nitidus. Long. 3^ mm. Smaller than D. obscurns, less depressed, and with the thorax more narrowed in front, and the elytra more slender at the tip. The thorax is narrowed to the front almost in a straight line, without any curve, and the hind tibiae and tarsi are very slender, with short terminal joint. It is not likely to be confounded with any species except D. obscnrus : D. pachydercs, and the other small species allied to it, have a differently shaped thorax. We have only two specimens. The type from Maui is paler than the Hawaiian individual ; but I cannot separate the two on such small evidence. Both have the fourth joint of the antennae more elongate than in most of the allies ; this is also the case with D. soi'didus, with which D. coiiipressiis is not likely to be confounded on account of the differences in size and form. H.\B. Maui, Hawaii. — Maui, Jao valley, September, 1901 (no. 775). — Hawaii, Kona, 3000 ft. August, 1894 (no. 142, Perkins). (10) Dromaeolus konensis, sp. nov. Fusco-ferrugineus, subtiliter minus dense punctatus, sat nitidus, fla\o-pubescens, antennis minus elongatis, cumque pedibus pallide rufis. Long. 4^ mm. Closely allied to D. bonz>oii/oin\ of less elongate form and less attenuate behind, darker in colour, and with finer punctuation. The antennae are shorter than those of D. bonvouloiri, and have a shorter fifth and terminal joints. Fourth and fifth joints rather slender, each rather longer than broad, the fifth slightly the larger, sixth — tenth COLEOPTERA 391 very distinctly longer, subequal but each slightly longer than its predecessor. Thorax with a slight depression causing the hind angles to appear to be slightlv flattened, its punctuation \ery fine. Elytra distinctly striate, but with only very indistinct punctuation. Under surface very slightly punctuate. Legs and antennae clear yellow-red. This is almost as near to D. pimcticollis and D. so/iiariiis as it is to bonvoiiloiri. The type specimen is nearer to bonvoiiloiri, but a second example (which I have treated as a variet)-) is more like D. piuicticollis. Hab. Hawaii: Kona, 4000 ft. in 1S97 (Perkins). The variety is from Kilauea, August, 1896 (no. 656, Perkins). (11) Droiiiacolns pnncticollis, sp. nov. Angustus, nigricans, antennis pedibusque rufis, flavo-pubescens, haud nitidus ; thorace dense fortiter punctato, elytris striatis ; antennis sat elongatis. Long. 5-^ — 6 mm. This species has a coarser and closer punctuation on the thorax than any of the others : though ot narrow lorm it is not acuminate behind like D. bonvoiiloiri. The antennae have about one joint e.xtending beyond the hind angle of the prothorax : the striation of the elytra is a little more distinct than usual. The fourth joint of the antenna is only slightly longer than broad, and the terminal joint is moderately long. The species has a sordid appearance, and the colour is indefinite, both legs and antennae being more or less infuscate. The sides of the mesosternal cavity are narrow, and the tarsi are rather slender. We have received nine specimens of this species, and they agree sufficiently in their characters to make me think the species is undoubtedh- distinct from an\' other. Hak. Hawaii. Kilauea, August, 1896 (6 specimens, no. 656); August, 1895 (3 specimens, nos. 532, 686, Perkins). (12) Droinaeoliis iiiixfiis. sp. nov. Angustus. rufus, antennis plus minusve nigricantibus, tiavo-pubescens, haud nitidus, thorace dense fortiter punctato, elytris striatis ; antennis sat elongatis. Long. 4 — 5 mm. The coarse extremely dense sculpture of the thorax allies this species to D. piuicti- collis. But I do not think the two forms will be tbund to be connected. Besides the differences in size and colour (which are perhaps of little importance), there is a differ- ence in torni ; D. iiiixtits is more con\'ex and shorter. There are only three specimens of this species ; two. very much alike, have the antennae in larger part black : the third specimen is smaller, immature ami much injured ; it has the antennae entirely yellow, possibly owing to its immaturity. Hab. Molokai : mountains, 4000 ft. May 17th, 1893 (no. 184, Perkins). F. H. III. 51 392 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (13) Droinacolns paralleliis, Blackburn. Fornax parallclus Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 152. This is a remarkably elongate and narrow form, of an uniform reddish colour, with deeply striate elytra. It has not been met with by Mr Perkins. Hab. Oahu. In moss near the summit of Konahuanui (Blackburn, i specimen). (14) Droniaco/its so/iVarhts, sp. nov. Augustus, parum convexus, postice sat angustatus, niger, nitidus, riavo-pubescens, antennis pedibusque rufis, illis elongatis ; tarsis angustis ; thorace minus dense punctato. Long. 5 mm. Nearest \.o D. pnncticollis, though very different in appearance on account of the shining surface and much diminished thoracic punctuation. On the anterior part the punctuation is moderately coarse and close, but becomes diminished behind. The elytra are very distinctly striate, shining ; the punctures on the interstices, and the pubescence, scanty. Nearly two joints of the length of the antennae extend beyond the tip of the thorax. The antennae and feet are formed much as in D. pitncticollis. One specimen, beaten from dead Acacia ; an extremely quick runner. Hab. Hawaii: Kona, 3000 ft. September, 1892 (no. 210, Perkins). (15) Droinacolns sciilptnratiis, Blackburn. Fornax scnlpturatus Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 151. Apparently most nearly allied to D. soiitarins, but much more elongate. The following is Mr Blackburn's diagnosis, " Haud latus ; postice angustatus ; niger, antennis pedibusque rufopiceis ; capite crebrius nee fortiter punctato ; prothorace transverso, antice parum angustato, confuse nee crebre punctato ; elytris fortiter striatis, interstitiis convexis, confuse nee distincte punctatis. Long. 7^ mm." Hab. Oahu. Waianae mountains (i specimen, Blackburn). (16) Dromaeolus mauiensis, sp. nov. Fusco-niger, antennis pedibusque rufis, dense subtiliter punctatus et Bavo-pubescens, haud nitidus, antennis elonofatis crassiusculis. Long. 7-=^ mm., lat. 2-i mm. Closely allied to D. bonvon/oiri, though looking very different on account of its larger size, and broader and more clumsy form, and darker colour. The only structural difference I see between the two is that in D. maniensis the sides of the mesosternal cavity are considerably broader. COLEOPTERA 393 The antennae are clear, pale red. They are formed much as in D. bonvouloiri but are broader : the fourth joint is slightly longer proportionally to its width, and the fifth is much longer than the fourth. The legs are red, stout. This species in appearance connects the D. bonvouloiri group with the D. obtitstis group. The shortest of the five individuals a good deal resembles small D. elateroides, but I think the two are distinct. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft. May, 1896 (nos. 605, 610, Perkins). Group 3. (17) Dromacohts collaris, sp. nov. Brevis, robustus, nigricans, thorace pedibusque nigricantibus, rufo plus minusve dilutis. thorace tortiter punctato : elytris profunde striatis, interstitiis subtilissime punctatis et pubescentibus. Long. 7 mm. In appearance most like D. »ioiokaieiisis, but apparently not closely allied to it or to any other species ; we have however only one specimen, and I am unable to make repeated examinations of its minute structural characters, as it is in rather bad preservation. The antennae are elongate, rather slender, blackish, fourth and fifth joints subequal, each longer than broad. Terminal joint elongate, tarsi slender. Ehtra deeply striate, with very little punctuation or pubescence on the slightly convex inter- stices ; hence the pubescence is divided into separate stripes in a more remarkable manner than in any other species. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft, i April, 1894 (no. 354, Perkins), (18) Droiiiaco/iis obiitsus, Blackburn. Eornax obfnsiis Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1S85, p. 152. The individuals of this species are the largest of this section of the genus, and remarkable on account of their broad, robust form. The thorax is not gradually narrowed trom the base to the front, the marked convergence only occurring from the middle. The punctuation is coarse ; the pubescence short and inconspicuous ; the length varies from 8 — 10^ mm. or perhaps a little more. Mr Perkins has met with seven specimens, but most of them were found dead and are in very bad preservation. Mr Blackburn found two specimens, one of them being also very mutilated. His description leads one, I think, to anticipate a finer punctuation than really exists. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft. (Blackburn and Perkins). Perkins' specimens are dated 31 March, 1894, and May, 1896. 51—2 394 FAUNA HAWAII EN SIS (19) Droinacolus elateroidcs, sp. no\. Robustus, sat latus, anterius satis, posterius magis acuminatus, nigricans, elytris postice rutesctntibus, parum nitidus, crebre punctatus et tlavo-pubescens, antennis pedibusque piceis vcl rufis. Long. 5f — 7^- mm. Smaller than D. obtiisns, more acuminate, with rather closer and finer punctuation and somewhat longer antennae. Mr Perkins found six specimens that I assign to this species and portions ot two others ; they are most of them much mutilated, and as they exhibit a good deal of difference I am not sure that all are one species. Two or three of them have the antennae thicker than in any of the other Hawaiian species. As a similar difference occurs in the specimens which I have determined as D. obfiisns, it is possible that this is a sexual character. They were found on various occasions, and therefore, on the other hand, they may not be all one species. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 3000 — 4000 ft. in April and May, 1894 and 1896 (Perkins). (20) Dromaeohis sp. Mr Perkins found thorax and head, without appendages, of a Dromaeolus, prob- ably near D. elatcroidcs and of about the size of that species, but with the thora.x evenly and strongly narrowed from the hind angles to the front. Hab. Hawaii. Olaa, Sept. 1896 (no. 688, Perkins). (21) Dromaeohis sp. Mr Perkins found portions of a specimen on Molokai that resembles an extremely small D. elateroides but has the wings reduced to mere rudiments. Although I am not sure that D. elateroides is a winged form yet I have little doubt of it, and I consider therefore that the Molokai fragment represents a distinct species. Hab. Molokai : mountains, in June, 1896 (no. 593, Perkins). (22) Dromaeolus brachycemis, sp. nov. Nigro-fuscus, subparallelus, flavo-pubescens, haud nitidus, dense punctatus, antennis pedibusque ruhs ; antennis articulis quarto et quinto subaequalibus, singulo quadrate. Long. 7-i- mm. We have only one example of this species, and it is mutilated, having been found dead (as is often the case with Eucnemidae), but it is so distinct that I venture to describe it. COLEOPTERA 395 The antennae are rather stout and short, the iourth joint not loneer than broad, the fifth a Httle longer, the third about as long as these two and half the sixth together, terminal joint rather long, stout. Thorax strongly transverse, diftering from the species grouped round D. obtitsns by the less developed hind angles, rather closely and coarsely punctured, not shining. Elytra distinctly striate, the interstitial punctuation rather coarse. [Co.xal laminae falling very distinctly short of the first ventral suture.] Tarsi slender, their last joint small. The character drawn trom the hind coxae may possibly be due to the disarticulated condition ot the specimen. Hai!. Oahu : mountains behind Honolulu, I3ecember, 1S96 (Perkins). (23) Droniaeolns sputator, sp. now Robustus, sat latus, piceo-niger, vel piceo-rutus, crebre subtiliter punctatus, dense flavo-pubescens, subopacus ; antennis, modice elongatis, pedibusque sordide testaceis, prothorace elongato et lato ; tarsis angustis. Long. 8 — 8^ mm. Much narrower than D. ohtusus, and with the antennae different from those of D. brachycerus. They are rather slender, and about one joint extends beyond the thoracic angle ; the tourth joint is rather longer than broad. The thorax is long, not much narrowed in front and distinctly broader than the elytra. The striation on the elytra moderately deep. The tarsi are more slender in this species and in D. inolokaiejisis than in any of the other large .species. Two specimens, found in fallen decaying acacias. Hab. Hawaii. Mauna Loa, 4000 ft. September, 1892 (Perkins). (24) Droiiiaeoliis luololokaieiisis. sp. no\'. Convexus, crassus, haud elongatus, piceus, baud nitidus, tlavo-pubescens, antennis pedibusque rufis, illis haud elongatis, parum crassis. Long. 7-J^ mm. lat. fere 3 mm. Allied to D. obtitstis and clateroidcs : of very convex form, and readily distinguished from the two species by its smaller antennae and more slender legs. The antennae are rather slender, and do not extend backwards quite so far as the thoracic angles, the third joint is rather slender, distinctly longer than broad, the tollowing joints are rather more slender and less elongate than they are in the allied species, the terminal joint is moderately long, about twice as long as the fifth. The punctuation is moderately coarse and close ; the thora.x is but little narrowed in front. We have only one e.xample. Hab. Molokai : mountains, 4000 — 5000 ft. 24 August, 1893 (Perkins). (25) DroDiacoliis siibiilis. sp. nov. Robustus, elongatus, sat latus, postice acuminatus, parum nitidus, subtilissime pubescens, thorace elongato, anterius angustato, angulis posterioribus elongatis, dense subtiliter punctato ; elytris evidenter striatis, interstitiis discrete punctatis : antennis elongatis. Long. 9{r mm. 396 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Very close to D. obfiisiis, but narrower, acuminate behind, with a differently shaped and much more finely punctured thorax, and very delicate pubescence on the upper surface. The colour is very much that of D. obtitsiis, fuscous-black or piceous, with the elytra behind obscurely reddish. \\"e have only one specimen, which in general structure seems extremely similar to D. odiiisns, the legs and antennae being however a little more elongate ; the terminal joint of the hind tarsus is longer than in any other species, and the last ventral plate is a good deal prolonged and a little bent at the apex in the middle so as to be somewhat gutter-like. H.\B. Oahu. Kaala mountains, 2000 ft. January, 1893 (no. 55, Perkins). (26) Droiiiacolus coucolor, sp. nov. Latiusculus, convexus, rufus, antennis pedibusque flavis, crebre subtiliter punctatus, subnitidus, subtiliter flavo-pubescens. Long. 5 — '^^ mm., lat. 2 mm. The antennae are rather long and stout, one joint extending beyond the tip of the thoracic angle, the fourth joint is small, scarcely so long as broad and a good deal shorter than the fifth, terminal joint elongate. Thorax large, with large hind angles, but no depression of the surface in front of them. Striation of elytra fine ; the punc- tuation and pubescence on thorax and elytra are fine, but still render the surface moderately dull; the thorax is about if mm. long, the elytra about 3 mm. Fourth joint of the tarsi small, the terminal joint rather long. This is about the size of D. boiivoiiloiri, but is considerably broader, and has broader sides to the mesosternal cavity and a broader prosternal process, and a much shorter basal joint to the hind tarsus. It is more nearly allied to D. obttisus, but besides the great difference in size and colour, it is more finely punctate. Four specimens. The specimens were reared from the larval state, and the colour may therefore be darker in fully mature examples. Some fragments found by Mr Perkins on Haleakala in March, 1894, apparently belong to this species, and seem to be of much the same coloration. Hab. Maui. Haleakala, 5000 ft. May, 1896 (no. 617, Perkins). (27) Droniacoiits piger, sp. nov. Latiusculus, brevis, convexus, rutus, antennis pedibusque flavis, subtiliter flavo- pubescens, subnitidus, thorace anterlus dense fortiterque punctato. Long. 4 — 4-^ mm. Very similar to D. concolor but smaller, more attenuate behind, and with a denser and coarser punctuation ot the thorax, especially on the anterior part, and with a much shorter terminal joint to the tarsi. Two specimens. This species seems really distinct. It has the hind angles of the thorax remarkably long and attenuate. In size it connects the D. obtusiis forms with D. pachyderes, Hab. Kauai : on the high plateau, August 1896 (no. 682, Perkins). COLEOPTERA 397 Group 4, (28) Droiiiaco/its ccplialotcs, sp. nov. Parum elongatus, convexus, piceo-niger, antennis pedibusque rufis, dense subtiliter punctatus, flavo-pubescens, parum nitidus : capite fortiter profundequc punctate. Long. 5l mm- In size and form this comes nearest to D. concolor, but differs irom it and from all the other species, except D. pnncticcps, by the punctuation of the head differing in a very remarkable manner from that ot the rest of the liody. From P. puticticcps it differs in not being shining, owing to its denser and finer punctuation and pubescence. The antennae are rather long, and bear a conspicuous setosity, the fourth joint is longer than broad, and as long as the fifth : the terminal joint is longer than usual but not twice as long as the tenth. In the unique specimen it is peculiarly flattened or com- pressed. It is possible this insect may be the other sex of P. pitncticcps, liut I think this is highly improbable. In fact I shall not be surprised if P. ccphalotcs [jrove to be a winged, and P. puncticcps a wingless, form. Hab. Kauai : high plateau, August, 1S96 (no. 6S2, Perkins). (29) Proiuacolus puucfiaps, sp. nov. Parum elongatus, anterius et posterius angustatus, piceus, nitidus, flavo-pubescens, antennis ruio-piceis, pedibus rufis ; thorace magno, anterius fortiter angustato ; capite fortiter punctato, nitido. Long. 4^ — 5 mm., lat. i| mm. This insect has the thorax large in proportion to the elytra, and the hind angles large. The antennae are rather long and pilose, the space by which they are .separated is less than usual. There is not much punctuation on the thorax, so that the deep coarse punctures on the head are strongly contrasted with the other sculpture. Four specimens. I think the two sexes are among them, but am not at all sure. The species will I think prove to be apterous, its proportions being more like those of P. pachydcres than those of the forms I have assumed to be winged. Hab. Kauai : on the high plateau, August, 1896 (no. 682, Perkins). (30) Proniaeohis haivaiicnsis, sp. nov. Piceo-niger, subtiliter flavo-pubescens, nitidus, antennis piceis, pedibus fusco- testaceis ; thorace obsolete punctato. Long. 4I mm. This is closely allied to P. puncticcps, but lacks the salient features of that species ; it is distinguishable from it by the less coarsely punctured upper surface, and by the thorax being less broad behind and less narrowed in front. The antennal cavities are not at all margined above. One specimen. Hab. Hawaii: August, 1895 i'^^'- ^'^^^ Perkins). 398 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (31) Droniaeoliis pachydercs, sp. nov. Brevis, i:)Osterius angustatus, piceus, flavo-pubescens, antennis rufo-piceis, pedibus rufis ; prothorace subobsolete punctate. Long, 3^- — 4^: mm. This little insect is smaller than D. puncticcps or D. Iiaivaiiensis, and has the thorax less narrowed in front than the first of these. The antennae are rather long, formed much as in D. puncticeps. but rather less long and stout, the fourth joint, as in that species, as long as the fifth : the elytra are finely striate, the sutural stria rather deep, and distinctly deeper at the ape.x, but not so as to gi\'e rise there to the appearance of foveation that exists in many of the species. The fourth and fifth joints of the tarsi are small, the fifth being much smaller than it is in D. puncticeps. The wings in this species are reduced to small functionless slips a little longer than the metathorax, remarkably narrow, without nervures. Three examples of this species were bred by Mr Perkins in August, 1900, from Pipiuriis \ Tantalus (no. 785). I also assign to this species four individuals bred by Mr Perkins from Koa wood, in August, 1900 (no. 892). The locality though not stated is doubtless the mountains near Honolulu. H.\B. Oahu (Perkins, as above noted). Dromacohis pachydcrcs, var. kauaicnsis, var. now Brevis, posterius angustatus, ferrugineus, flavo-pubescens, antennis extrorsum ob- scuris, basi ciilutiore, pedibus fiavis ; prothorace subtilius punctato. Long. 4 mm. Hab. Kauai : mts. Waimea (nos. 267, 862, Perkins). The two specimens are so near to the specimens from Oahu that I do not venture to separate them on such slight evidence. There is however a little difference in the form of the angles of the thorax, which are straighter than in the Oahu examples, and not in the least incurved (no. 267). A third specimen is considerably smaller, narrower, and less punctate. I have little doubt it is a different species, but the individual is too mutilated to treat as a type of a named species in so difficult a group. (32) Drouiaco/iis graiidicollis, sp. now Brevis, posterius acuminatus, thorace magno, ferrugineus vel fusco-ferrugineus, crebre subtiliter punctatus, flavo-pubescens ; elytris striatis. Long. \\ — 5 mm. Very close to D. pacliydcres ; slightly longer and narrower behind, with elytra a litde more distinctly striate, the antennae a little thicker, and the terminal joint of the tarsi distinctly longer ; the fourth joint of the antenna is short, not longer than broad. In addition to the three examples from Hawaii from which I describe this species, Mr Perkins found a single individual in each of three other islands ; they are so near to COLEOPTERA 399 D. grandicollis that I cannot distinguish them on such slender evidence : they are (i) a specimen found dead and completely abraded on Molokai, about 3000 ft. in May or June, 1893: (2) a specimen found on Haleakala, Maui, about 5000 ft. in May, 1895 (no. 610): (3) a specimen found on Kauai on the high plateau in August, 1896 (no. 682). I should suppose that the example from Maui may prove to be distinct, as it has a larger and broader thorax. The other two are superficially extremely near to the Hawaiian examples. Hab. Hawaii: Kona, 2500 and 4000 ft. (Perkins). — Also Molokai?, Maui?, Kauai ?, as above. {si) Di-oniacolits piiviilio, sp. no v. Brevis, conve.xus, rufus, antennis extrorsum obscurioribus, pedibus flavis ; omnium parce obsoleteque punctatus et pubescens. Long. 2| mm. Plate XHI. fig. 13. This little insect appears to be very distinct ; the thorax is scarcely at all narrowed in front, the antennal grooves are not definitely limited behind, the prosternal process is minute ; the abdomen is very short, so that the coxal laminae are short and transverse, though they extend as far as the first ventral suture : the head is deeply retracted in the thorax, the anterior opening of the latter being large : the angles of the thorax are large, and very closely applied to the elytra, and there is a considerable depression of the surface in front of the angles. The antennae are moderately long and stout, with the fourth joint rather longer than broad. There is almost no punctuation and only a scanty pubescence on the thorax, so that it is unusually shining ; the elytra are much narrowed behind, delicately striate, with but little punctuation. Legs moderately stout, terminal joint ot tarsus with the claws moderate. Two specimens. Hab. Oahu : Kawailoa gulch, April, 1893 (no. 415, Perkins). Ceratotaxia, gen. nov. Antennae articulis 4 — 7 brevibus subaequalibus, articulis 8 — 1 1 elongatis sub- aequalibus. Prothorax absque canaliculis. Coxae posteriores, exterius brevissimae, interius abrupte sat dilatatae. This genus can only be placed near to Tharops, from which it differs widely in the structure of the antennae, agreeing in this with Dyscolotaxia Horn. Dyscolotaxia is said however to be, except in respect of its antennae, a Eoniax ; and it that be correct, then Ceratotaxia can have no connection with it, owing to the absence of antennal grooves, and to the form of the coxal laminae. It appears therefore at present to be quite isolated from any known form. F. H. III. 52 400 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (i) Ccratotaxia fi'is/is, sp. nov. Elongatus, angustatus, parum convexus, nigro-rufus vel niger, baud nitidus, dense sed subtiliter pubescens : pedibus testaceis. Long. 5|- mm. Plate XIII. fig. 12. Antennae rather stout, the elongate terminal four joints rather stouter than the others. Thorax short, a good deal narrowed in front, rather finely and closely punctured, not shining, hind angles not very large. Elytra elongate, a little narrowed behind, not at all acuminate, rather feebly striate. Legs slender, hind tarsi long and slender, with minute fourth joint and elongate terminal joint. In general form this has a good deal of resemblance to Dromacolus puncticollis. Only three specimens have been met with. Two of them agree fairly well : the third from a different locality (Kona) is darker in colour, and slightly smaller. Hab. Hawaii: Kilauea, vii. 1895 ("O- 57^) ! I'^ona, 4000 ft. i. vii. 1S92 (no. 338, Perkins). Fam. BUPRESTIDAE. BuPRESTis Linnaeus. Buprestis Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1760, p. 408. (i) Buprestis adjecta Leconte. Bitprestis adjeda Leconte, Proc. Ac. Phil. 1854, p. 17. ' This N. American species was once found at large near Honolulu. Mr Perkins informs me that he believes there also has been a recent capture of this handsome beetle. Hab. Oahu, Honolulu (Blackburn). Agrilus Stephens. ^^T/Z/^i- Stephens, 111. Brit. iii. 1830, p. 239. (i) Agrilus sp. A species of the genus Agrilus has been recently introduced into Oahu. It is one of the most obscure forms of this enormous genus, and I am not able to find a name for it. Hab. Oahu, Honolulu (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 401 Fam. SCARABAEIDAE. All of the few Hawaiian forms of this enormous family of beetles are introduced. Trox Fabricius. Trox Fabricius, Ent. Syst. i. 1792, p. 86. (i) Trox scabcr Linnaeus. Trox scaber Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. 2, p. 573. Recently introduced. Hab. Hawaii, above Hilo (Perkins). Aphodius Illiger. Aphodiiis Illiger, Kaf. Preuss. 1798, p. 15. (i) Aphodius lividus Olivier. ApJiodius lividus Olivier, Ent. i. 3, p. 86, t. 26, f. 222. Hab. All the islands (Blackburn, Perkins). Cosmopolitan. Ataenius Harold. Ataenius Harold, Col. Heft. 11. 1867, p. 100. ( I ) Ataenius pacificus Sharp. Ataenius pacificus Sharp, Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1879, p. 90. Hab. Oahu, near Honolulu (Blackburn). (2) Ataenius stercorator, Fabricius. Ataenius stercorator (F"abricius), Horn. Tr. Amer. ent. Soc. iii. p. 286. Hab. Oahu (Blackburn, Perkins). (3) Ataenius peregrinator Harold. Ataenitis peregrinator Harold, Ann. Mus. Gen. x. p. 96. Hak. Oahu, near Honolulu (Blackburn). Saprosites Redtenbacher. Saprosites Redtenbacher, Faun. Austr. 2 ed. 1858, p. 436. 52—2 402 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (i) Saprosites pygmaeus Harold. Saprosites pygniaeus Harold, Ann. Mus. Gen. x. p. 91. Hab. All the islands (Blackburn, Perkins). PsAMMODius (Gyll.) Serville. Psammoduts (Gyll.) Saint-Fargeau and Serville, Encycl. Meth. x. p. 359 (1825). Psam)i!obius Heer, Faun. Helv. i. (1841), p. 531. Mr Perkins' collection contains two specimens of a Psamniodiiis, one smaller and lighter coloured than the other. To what species they belong is not certain, but comparison with a number of species in the British Museum has shown them to be at any rate closely allied to a species found in Guatemala, P. micros Bates (Biologia Centrali-Americana, Coleoptera, 11. 2, p. 103). Hab. Oahu (Perkins). Adoketus Castelnau. Adorctus Castelnau, Hist. Nat. 11. 1840, p. 142. (i) Adorctus tenuimaculatus Waterhouse. Adoretus tenuvnaculattis 'WaX&r]\ou'~,e, Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1875, p. 112. A. vitiensis Nonfried, Deutsche ent. Zeitschr. 1891, p. 268: Ohaus, Stettin, ent. Zeit. 1904, p. 255. Nonfried gives only the Fiji islands as locality for this species, but Ohaus mentions its occurrence at Honolulu, where the species is now abundant though apparently only recently introduced. The species is evidently diffused by commercial operations. Ohaus was not acquainted with the fact of the species being the tenuimaculatus described long previously by Waterhouse from Japan. The form is perhaps not distinct from A. compressus Weber. Ohaus records also A, viticusis from St Helena. The only Adorctiis which I have seen from there is however A. z'crsutus Wollaston, which is a very different species. Whether the geographical statements summarised in the above lines be really correct is doubtful. Mr Perkins, who has now a considerable acquaintance with the entomology of the Fijian islands, informs me that he has never met with Fijian examples of A. tenuimaculatus. A species of Adorctus is \-ery abundant there, but it is very different from A. tenuimaculatus. Hab. All the islands : introduced about 1896 (Perkins). Also in a large number of other islands, as well as Ports and other localities, including St Helena, Hongkong, Ceylon. COLEOPTERA 403 Fam. LUCANIDAE. Apterocvclus Waterhouse. Apterocyclus Waterhouse, Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1871, p. 315. This genus is not closely allied to any other. Mr Waterhouse alluded to its superficial resemblance to the Chilian genus Sclcrostonnts. Apterocyclus is however distinguished from Sclerostomns by the absence of a labrum and the nature of the mandibles, and it is really nearer to the widely distributed genus Dorciis. I have no doubt that the species are all wingless. The species of this genus are all confined to the island of Kauai. Very few specimens are known of it, and it is most desirable that further information should be obtained and published. At present I am obliged to distinguish seven forms as species ; but it is possible that some of them may be merely varieties, and that A. foni- iialis may be female of one of the other forms, all of which are known only in the male sex. ( I ) Apterocyclus watcrlioiisa', sp. nov. $ Brevis, latior, pedibus crassis, mandibula dente crassa, baud acuminata, sed fere oblique truncata ; sutura elytrorum ad apicem angulatim prominula. Long. corp. sine mandib. 20 mm., lat. i i mm. Plate XIII. fig. I. A single specimen of this remarkable insect is all that has been found. The thorax is straight at the sides, with the hind angles much less rounded than in the other species. The front tibiae are broad, strongly crenulate on their outer margin. The middle and hind tibiae are remarkably thick, and have each a sharp denticle, externally, below the middle. The thick legs, and the angular ape.x of the elytra, will render this form un- mistakeable. I have named it in honour of Mr C. O. Waterhouse, who described this interesting genus. Hab. Kauai (Perkins). (2) Apterocychts nninroi, sp. nov. t Niger, opacus, epistomate elongatim prominulo ; elytrorum margine laterali alte elevato ; tibiis anterioribus apicem versus latioribus, externe crenulatis, medio dente parum prominulo, angulo apicali bidentato. Long. corp. sine mandib. i6-|^ — 18 mm., lat. 8^ mm. This species is very distinct by a number of structural characters. The mandibles are slender, and in addition to the small tooth near the base, bear one or two very minute tubercles, which are sometimes partly worn off, probably by attrition. The 404 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS epistome is much longer ; the head is comparatively narrow, the side not in the least prominent in front of the eye ; mentum less transverse. Thorax less rounded at the sides than it is in A. variaits. Side margin of elytra strongly elevated. The anterior tibiae differently shaped (PI. XIII. fig. 3) from those of A. ivaterhotisei and A. hono- luluensis. The hind legs straighter, less dilated at the tips, and with more hair. I am indebted to Mr G. C. Munro for this species. He found four specimens on Kauai above Kaula in July, 1897. Hab. Kauai (Munro as above). (3) Aptcrocyclus adpropinqnans, sp. nov. ^ Niger, opacus, epistomate elongatim prominulo ; elytrorum margine laterali modice elevato ; tibiis anterioribus ad apicem acute bidentatis, praeterea fere muticis. Long. 1 7 mm. This differs from A. niunroi, to which it is at first sight e.xtremely similar, by the more circular elytra with less elevated lateral margin, and by the shape of the front tibiae (Plate XIII. fig. 4), which expand more abruptly at the tip and have the notch between the two apical angles deeper, while above this they are almost unarmed on the outer edge, there being only a trace of one tooth. Besides this the mandibles are more slender, and their upper surface is less flat and less punctate. Only one specimen has been found, and it remains to be seen whether the capture of more e.xamples would show it to be a variety of A. niunroi. Hab. Kauai : Makaweli, 2000 — 3000 ft., in May or June, 1894 (Perkins). (4) Apterocyclns varians, sp. nov. ^ Niger, subdepressus, opacus ; epistomate medio prominulo ; cantho oculari distincto ; elytris margine laterali obsoleta ; scutello angusto apice fere acuminata ; tibiis anterioribus apice lata, fere truncata. Long. corp. sine mandib. 14 — i8i mm. ; lat. J^ — 9 mm. This is a rather variable species, one specimen having the head and thora.x shining. One small male, with the mandibles slender and bearing only a small tooth, approaches A. feminalis. We have received nine specimens, and most of them are in very bad condition, having apparently been found dead. The type specimen has the elytra distinctly divergent at the tips ; the front tibiae (PI. XIII. fig. 5) very broad, with the tip obliquely truncate though just perceptibly emarginate, and the middle tibiae without any trace of a tooth on the outer margin. The other .specimens vary in these points ; in fact no two specimens are quite alike. Hab. Kauai : Mounts Waimea, 5000 ft. v. 1894 (6 specimens) ; Koholuamano^ IV. 1895 (i specimen); 4000 ft. vii. 1896 (2 specimens) (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 405 (5) Aptei-ocycliis Iionohilueiisis Waterhouse. A. honohduensis % Waterhouse, Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1871, p. 31=;, fig. p. 316. There being two species mixed under the name of A. honohilnensis (see deceptor). Mr Waterhouse has selected the supposed female as the type of the species, it being the individual he figured. It is however a male specimen. The following diagnosis may help to its determination should it be ever again met with. Niger, opacus, subdepressus, elytris rotundatis ; epistomate recte truncato, sat elongato ; capite latissimo, cantho oculari sat prominulo ; tibiis anterioribus ad apicem oblique truncatis ; tibiis posterioribus subrotundatis ; tibiis omnibus edentatis. Long. i6-|- mm. Hab. Kauai: mountains, 4000 ft. (Harper Pease). (6) Apterocychts deccptor, sp. nov. A. honohduensis $, Waterhouse, Tr. ent. Soc. London, 1S71, p. 316. Niger, peropacus, epistomate medio leviter prominulo, fortiter punctato ; capite sat lato, cantho oculari tere nullo ; prothorace margine parum arguta ; elytris marginibus elevatis fere nullis ; tibiis anterioribus ad apicem oblique truncatis, intermediis externe minute uni-denticulatis. Long. 14^ mm. When Mr Waterhouse described A. honoliduciisis he was under the impression that the differences between the two individuals before him were sexual. He has since ascertained by dissection that both of them are certainly males, and that there is a distinct difference in the genitalia of the two. The supposed male of the species is therefore here characterised as a new species ; the only individual known being in the national collection at the British Museum. Hab. Kauai : mountains, 4000 ft. (Harper Pease, in Brit. Mus.). (7) Apterocychts feminalis. sp. nov. Minus depressus, piceus, subnitidus ; mandibulis sat elongatis, edentatis; pro- thorace punctulato, lateribus rotundatis, marginibus tenuibus ; tibiis anterioribus ad apicem rotundato-truncatis. Long. corp. sine mandib. 14 mm., lat. 7-I mm. Plate XIII. fig. 2. We have only a single individual to represent this form. It has to some extent the characters of a female, but in others is more like a male. It may not improbably be the female of A. adprophiqtians. The mandibles are only sinuate on their inner margins, and are more like those of a degenerate male than of a female Lucanid ; they are widely separated, and there is no trace of a labrum between them. The terminal ventral plate is longer than it is in the other forms. Hab. Kauai: 4000 ft. July, 1S96. Found under cow-dung (Perkins). 4o6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Fam. DERMESTIDAE. Labrocerus Sharp. Labrocertis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 148. A correction should be made in my original description of the genus. The prosternal process is not "broad and flat," but delicate, narrow and feebly carinate along the middle. {a) Thorax with an abruptly defined basal lobe. Elytra not marked with yellow, GrOUp 1, p. 406. Elytra marked with yellow, or entirely yellow, Group 2, p. 408. ((5) Thorax with indefinite basal lobe. Elytra not marked with yellow, Group 3, p. 409. Elytra marked with yellow, or entirely yellow. Group 4, p. 410. Group 1. (i) Labrocerus moercns, sp. nov. Niger, antennis articulis 3° et 4" fiavescentibus; pubescens, elytris fascia maculisque pubescentiae griseae plus minusve distincte ornatis. Long. -^\ mm. Plate XIII. fig. 14. This is a rather variable species in size, and in convexity, as well as in the distinctness of the marks caused by the grey pubescence that exists on the elytra. In the male the basal two joints of the antennae (PI. XIII. fig. 15) are small and black, the third and fourth joints are small and yellowish, the ne.xt si.x joints are, each one, decidedly transverse (the fifth joint though transverse is only slightly so), the terminal joint is as long as the four preceding together, but is not broader than the tenth ; it is very distinctly emarginate on the inner side, near the base, so as to give rise to a slight appearance of curvation. In the female antenna (PI. XIII. fig. i5«), the club is black, the ninth and tenth joints are short, transverse, the eighth is small, and irom this to the very small third joint the colour is yellowish, the first and second joints being quite black. The prothorax is shining, but bears a good deal of pallid hair ; its basal median lobe is large and considerably elevated. There is much granular sculpture at the base of the elytra : the pubescence is well-marked, and some of it is grey, so as to form one or more faint, very irregular, fasciae (a character that varies very much). The legs are blackish, the apical parts of the tarsi strongly infuscate yellow. Thirty specimens. H.\B. Kauai. Koholuamano ; Halemanu, 4000 ft. 1895; mts. Waimea, 4000 ft. 1894; high plateau, viii. 1896 (Perkins). COLHOPTERA 407 (2) Lahroccrns gravidns, sp. nov. Niger, antennis sordide fulvis ; elytris pube grisescente plus minus variegatis. Long. 3^- — 4 mm. Closely allied to L. luocrcns but readily distinguished by the colour and form of the antennae, which are much paler, and in the male more largely developed than they are in L. niocrcns. The basal joint is piceous-yellow, the others yellow, more or less dusk)'. In the male the third joint is very small, the fourth is more than twice as large, si.xth — tenth transverse, eleventh very long, about as long as the five preceding it. In the female the antennae are very much like those of L. inocrciis, except for the pallid colour. The characters of the elytra and thorax are very much those ot L. luociriis. The legs are usually paler in colour. Eleven specimens. Hab. Hawaii. Kilauea, vii. and viii. 1895, ^'^i^- 1896; Kona, 3000 ft. vi. 1892 (Perkins). (3) LLxhroccriis simplex, sp. nov. Niger, antennis flavescentibus, elytris pube fusco-nigra fere aequaliter vestitis. Long. 3-4- mm. This is smaller than L. gravidus, and the pubescence is darker and shows very little trace of any pattern, and the male antennae are smaller with considerably shorter terminal joint. Seven specimens. Hab. Hawaii. Kona, 5000 ft. 30. vi. 1892; Kilauea, vii. 1895 and via. 1896 (Perkins). } Var. from Maui, Haleakala, 3000 — 4000 ft. iv. 1894 (Perkins). (4) Labroccnis concolor Sharp. Labroccrus coiico/or Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 149. Mr Perkins has lound only one specimen of this species ; it is a female and agrees well with the unique male on which I based the species. It is robust with a very shining thora.x ; the elytra have much granular punctuation at the base, the pubescence is darker than in most of the other forms, and there are no fasciae on the elytra. Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea, viii. 1895 (Perkins). (5) Labroccrus curticoruis, sp. nov. Niger, robustus, conve.xus, late ovalis, sat nitidus, elytris fascia maculisque pubes- centiae grisescentis, maris antennis articulis 2° — 7"" testaceis. Long. 3-^ mm. Nearest to L. concolor, but with a well-marked development of the pale setosity, and with the antennae of the male shorter than in the allied forms. We have only one specimen. The apical joint of the antenna is shorter than in the other species of this F. H. III. 53 4o8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS group, and distinctly narrower towards its extremity, the penultimate joints are not so strongly transverse. The pubescence on the middle of the thorax is black, at the sides grey. The elytra are shining black, the post-basal fascia of grey pubescence and the two spots behind the middle are quite definite, although the hairs forming them are not dense. The tarsi are yellowish. Hab. Oahu, Waianae Coast, i. 1901 (no. 780, Perkins). (6) Labrocerus laticornis, sp. nov. Niger, antennis articulis 3 — 6 pallidioribus ; elytris fasciis indistinctis pubescentiae pallidae. Long. 2f — 2,\ mm. A small narrow form, with short broad antennae in the male ; in this sex the intermediate joints of the antennae are only slightly paler, the fifth, sixth and seventh joints are very short, transverse, eighth — tenth also very short, strongly transverse, terminal joint large, as long as the four or five preceding joints together. The thora.K is shining, but bears some pallid hairs, the basal lobe is strongly developed. There is a good deal of pale hair on the elytra, but it forms only ill-defined fasciae. The legs are black. Two specimens. Hab. Molokai, Pelekunu, x. 1893 (Perkins). Group 2. (7) Lahroccriis javnei Sharp. Labrocerus jaynci Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 148. I assign to this species a series of 21 specimens found by Mr Perkins on various occasions on the island of Maui. Certain of the specimens are small, narrow and depressed in form, and have the yellow marks on the elytra more or less reduced in extent. In more convex specimens the yellow marks may be much more extensive, and in one or two the front part of the thorax is red. Hab. Maui, Lanai. — -Maui: Haleakala, 5000 ft. v. 1896; Olinda, 3000 — 4000 ft. V. 1896. — Lanai, 3000 ft. 11. 1894 (Perkins). (8) Labrocerus obscurus Blackburn. Labrocerus obscurus Blackburn, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 149. The type in the British Museum is in a very dirty state, but I believe it will prove to be a species very closely allied to L. jaynei. Hab. Hawaii ; Mauna Loa, about 6000 ft. found by beating dead branches (Blackburn). COLEOPTERA 409 (9) Labrocerns sp. A single specimen found at Waimea, Kauai, belongs apparently to a species very near L. Jaynei, or rather to some of the varieties of that species. It is a female and has an additional red mark in the form of a small spot on each side of the scutellum. Hab. Kauai, Waimea (Perkins). Grroup 3. (10) Eabroccnts obsoletits, sp. nov. Niger, antennis pedibusque Havis, thorace rufescente, elytris testaceis, vage fulvo- signatis, sutura anguste nigra. Long. 4 mm. We have three females of this species which is readily distinguished from all others of this section by its colour. It is of rather elongate form and has only obsolete sculpture. The elytra are pallid, but bear evidence of the black colour of other species in the form of vague or obsolete darker places ; there is a pallid pubescence, and but little black setosity. The entirely pale legs contrast with the rest of the colour of the under surface. Had. Maui, Haleakala, 4000 ft. v. 1896 (Perkins). (11) Lahroccnis dasytoides, sp. nov. Niger, antennis articulis 2" — 3°, vel 2" — 5° testaceis ; supra crebre evidenter punctu- latus, nigro-setosus, elytris pubescentia grisea vi.\ perspicue ornatis. Long. 3 — 3-^ mm. The male has thick antennae, with joints four — ten distinctly transverse, the eleventh joint thick, as long as the four preceding together. The number of joints that are yellowish varies a little, but is usually greater in the female than in the male, but the club is always quite black. Seventeen specimens. Hab. Kauai. Makaweli, 2000 ft. vi. and \ii. 1894; Koholuamano, 4000 ft. iv. 1895; mts. Waimea, 3000 ft. v. 1894; high plateau, viii. 1896 (Perkins). (12) Labrocerns vestiius, sp. nov. $ Niger, antennis 2° — 9" flavis ; supra crebre subtiliter punctatus, griseo-setosus. Long. 3|- mm. Apparently closely allied to L. dasy/ aides, though looking different on account of the pallid setosity, by which character and the paler antennae it is readily distinguished. Two specimens. Hab. Hawaii. Kona, 4000 ft. 26. vi. 1892 ; and Kilauea, viii. 1895 (Perkins). 53—2 4IO FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (13) Lahrocents flavicornis, sp. nov. $ Niger, minus convexus, antennis tlavis articulo basali piceo, pedibus fusco- testaceis ; subtiliter punctatus, breviter griseo-pubescens. Long. 2)\ "I"''- A single female is all we have to represent what is clearly a distinct species, and probably allied to L. vestitns. It differs markedly by its clear yellow antennae, which are provided with a smaller, less compact, club than usual. The much shorter, and less conspicuous clothing of the upper surface may, in part, be due to attrition. Hab. Hawaii, Kilauea, viii. 1896 (no. 656, Perkins). Group 4. (14) Labroccrus sctosiis, sp. nov. % Niger, longius pallido-setosus, elytris fascia post-basali maculisque ante apicem pallidis, antennis articulis 2° ad 6" pallidis. Long. 3! mm. Distinguished from the following species by its larger size, black legs, and by the fact that there is much black hair mi.xed with the pale pubescence. Two specimens. Hab. Oahu (Perkins). (15) Labroccrus pallipcs, sp. nov. Niger, convexus, pallido-setosus, antennis pedibusque pallidis, elytris fascia post- basali maculisque ante apicem pallidis. Long. 3 — 3^ mm. This species varies in colour, the black being sometimes much reduced, so that the under surface, and even the front of the thorax, may be largely pallid. The antennae of the male are not very thick, so that joints eight — ten are not strongly transverse, the terminal joint is about as long as the four preceding together. Four specimens. Hab. Molokai, 3000 ft. 24. \\. 1H93 (Perkins). ( 1 6) Labroccrus ajfiuis, sp. nov. Niger, parum convexus, antennis testaceis clava lusca, tibiis tarsisque fusco- testaceis ; pallido-setosus, elytris fascia post-basali maculisque ante apicem testaceis. Long. 2| — 3^ mm. The antennae of the male of this species are rather more slender and a little longer than usual, so that the penultimate and antepenultimate joints are scarcely — • if at all — transverse. This, and the more slender form of the insect, distinguish it from L. pallipes. Eleven specimens. Hah. Oahu, Mokuleua, iv. and v. 1901 (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 411 (17) Labroccnis qiiadrisigmxtiis, sp. nov. % Niger, parum convexus, pubescens, antennarum basi tibiisque rufis, tarsis sor- didis ; elytris signatura post-basali maculaque ante-apicali testaceis. Long. 3I mm. Resembles L. jayiwi, but is readily distinguished by the obscure separation of the basal lobe of the thora.\. We have onh" females. The upper surface has much setosity. The punctuation is fine and rather indistinct, but is nevertheless a true, impressed punctuation. Five specimens. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 4000 — 5000 ft. v. 1896 (Perkins). (iS) Labroccrus sitjfiisus, sp. nov. $ Niger, pallido-setosus, parum convexus, antennarum basi, pedibus elytrisque testaceis, his ad basin late ad suturam anguste nigris. Long. 3^^ — 3! mm. Distinguished from all the other species of this group by the yellow colour of the elytni, in which respect it resembles L. obsolctits of the preceding group. The legs ha\e both the tarsi and femora much infuscate and the club of the antenna is quite black. There are some black hairs on the margins of the elytra. There is a fine, rather distant punctuation on the upper surface, but on the elytra this is very indistinct except at the base. Two specimens. Hab. Maui, Haleakala, 5000 ft. v. 1896 (Perkins). Akgocerus, gen. nov. ^ Antennae clava magna oblonga, biarticulata, articulo ultimo praesertim grande, articulis 3" — 9" minutis. Palpi maxillares breves, crassi. This genus is closely allied to Labroccrus, but with very different antennae in both sexes : the terminal joint being elongate, the tenth joint large and coadapted with the terminal one to form a two-jointed club, while the preceding joints are minute and difficult to count. (i) Argocerns siviilaris, sp. nov. Sat convexus, niger, pubescentia sat elongata vestitus, elytris fasciis duabus pubes- centiae pallidae discretis ; antennis articulis 9" et 10° testaceis, chiva biarticulata lusco- nigra. Long. 2^ mm. This has a great similarity to Labroccrus vioercns. The upj)er surface is covered with a dense, indefinite sculpture rendered more obscure by the clothing ot hairs; the thoracic lobe is well developed. In the male the terminal joint oi the antenna (Plate XHL fig. 16) is oblong, three times as long as broad, and the ninth joint is about as long as broad, and almost as broad as the terminal joint, thus iorming a great 412 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS contrast to the minute ninth joint. In the female the club is much smaller, but is also two-jointed, the terminal joint being rather longer than broad, the tenth about as long as broad. Ten specimens. There is one specimen (Halemanu, 4000 ft. v. 1895), of rather larger size and more shining : approaching in fact A. sicbguttatus. Hab. Kauai. Mts. Waimea, 3000 — 4000 ft. v. 1894; Halemanu, 4000 ft. v. 1895 (Perkins). (2) Argocents snbguttatiis, sp. no v. Convexus, niger nitidus, pube minus dense vestitus, elytris maculis quatuor testaceis vix discernendis, fasciis duabus pubescentiae pallidae, antennis pedibusque sordide testaceis, illis clava nigra. Long. 3^- mm. Apparently closely allied to A. siinilaris but distinguished by its larger size, more shining surface, with less punctuation and pubescence, and by the rather more slender club of the antennae. The reddish marks on the elytra are probably variable. We have only two specimens, both females. H.^B. Kauai, mts. Waimea, 4000 ft. v. 1894 (Perkins). EocERUS, gen. nov. Corpus depressum. Antennae parvae, clava biarticulata. Palpi maxillares breves, articulo ultimo lato. Prosternum processu brevissimo. Coxae intermediae sat distantes, canalicula inter eas subobsoleta. Lamina coxarum posteriorium sat magna. Only the female is known of this genus. The insect somewhat resembles a flat Labroccriis, but is quite distinct on account of the very imperfect groove for the reception of the prosternal process, which itself is so minute as to be difficult to detect. The process scarcely projects behind the front coxae and the slight groove on the mesosternum is not for the reception of the process but merely a guide to it during motion. The female of the genus Argoccriis is adequate for establishing the status of the genus Eocerus, as it also has the prosternal process obsolete ; but in it the mesosternum has a definite grove, and the coxae are more approximate, and the breast less deplanate. The female of Ars^occriis has, too, a larye tenth joint ot the antenna, Eocerus a small one. ( I ) Eocerus dcpresstis, sp. nov. $ Depressus, niger, pube brevi vestitus, antennis testaceis clava fusca, tarsis fusco- testaceis ; prothorace subtiliter granulato, elytris crebre punctatis. Long. 3^ mm. Antennae about as long as the thorax, terminal joint rather large, pointed oval, truncate at the base, tenth joint very short, about as broad as the terminal one, third — COLEOPTERA 413 ninth joints very minute, thorax sinuate at the base, so that the middle is longest, but without definite lobe, the surface rather evenly covered with a fine granular sculpture. Elytra with an irregular but distinct punctuation, shining. Three specimens. Hab. Kauai, high plateau, \\\\. 1896 (Perkins). Att.vgenus Latreille. Attageniis Latreille, Gen. Crust, et Ins. ri. 1807, p. 32. (i) Attageniis plchcins Sharp. Attagenus plebeiiis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 147. This species apparently varies greatly in the extent of the pale fascia of the elytra. H.AB. Oahu, Kauai. Ckyptoriiop.\lu.m Guerin-Meneville. Cryptorhopaluni Guer., Ic. Regn. anim. Ins. 1838, p. 67. (i) Cryptorhopalwii tcnnimilc Sharp. Ci-yptorhopaluni tcnuinale Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1S85, p. 150. Hab. Oahu (Blackburn, Perkins) ; Maui (Perkins) ; Kauai (Blackburn) ; probably all the islands. (2) Cryptorhopalinn bi-cviconie Sharp. C. brevicorne Sharp, 1. c. Mr Perkins has found three or four specimens only. They apparently vary greatly, so that I am not sure that all are one species. Hab. Oahu (Blackburn) ; probably all the islands. Dermestes Linnaeus. Dcrinestcs Linnaeus. Syst. Nat. ii. 1767, p. 561. ( I ) Dermestes cadaverinits Fabricius. Dermestes cadaverinits F"abricius, Syst. Ent. p. 35. Hab. All the islands. (2) Dermestes vulpinus Fabricius. Dermestes zntlpifius Fabricius, Spec. Ins. i. p. 64. Hab. All the islands. 414 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS Fam. COCCI NELLI DAE. An uncertain number of species of tliis family have been introduced to Hawaii for economic purposes since the time when Mr Blackburn formed his collections. I can give no information as to these introduced forms. They do not appear to have affected their anciently established congeners, as these apparently hold much the same position at present as they did 30 years ago. Cycloneda Crotch. Cycloneda Crotch, Cat. Coccinellidae, p. 6, and Revision of Cocc. 1874, p. 162. ( I ) Cycloneda abdominalis. Say. Coccinella abdominalis Say, Journ. Ac. Philad. iv. 1824, p. 95. Neda abdominalis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 236. Neda ocidata (Fabr.), Mun. Cat. xii. p. 3770. Hab. Kauai, Oahu, Maui, Lanai, Hawaii. — Kauai, Oahu and Maui (Blackburn). — Maui, Lahaina ; Lanai, 2000 ft.; Hawaii, Kona, 2000 and 3000 ft. (Perkins). — North America and Me.xico. ScvMNUs Kugelann. Scymnus Kugelann, Schneid. Mag. i. 1794, p. 545. (i) Scyunuis vividus Sharp. Scyinnus vividus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 146. Hab. Oahu, Maui, Molokai, Lanai, Hawaii. — Maui, Hawaii, Oahu ; generally at roots of herbage (Blackburn). — Oahu, Waianae mts. ; Maui, Lahaina and Haleakala, over 5000 ft. ; Lanai, coast and 3000 ft. ; Molokai ; Hawaii, Kilauea, and Kona, 4000 ft. (Perkins). (2) Scymmts occllatiis Sharp. Scyinnus occllatus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 147. We have received fifteen specimens. Hab. Oahu, Maui, Lanai. — Oahu and Maui, generally found on flowers (Black- burn). — Oahu, Kaala mts. over 2000 ft., &c. ; Maui, Lahaina ; Lanai, coast and 2000 ft. (Perkins). (3) Scyinnus discedcns Sharp. Scymnus discedens Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 147. We have received nine specimens. Hab. Oahu (Blackburn); Waianae mts. 2000 ft., Kaala mts. 2500ft., Waialua coast, (Perkins). COLEOPTERA 415 Fam. EROTYLIDAE'. EuxESTUS Wollaston. Euxestus Wollaston, Ann. Nat. Hist. 11. 1858, p. 411. (i) Euxestus minor Sharp. Euxestus minor Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 145, and PI. IV. fig. 14. We have received 7 specimens. Hab. Probably found outside the Hawaiian Archipelago : within the latter only- known so far from Oahu (Blackburn) ; mts. near Honolulu, and Waianae mts. (Perkins). EiDOREUS Sharp. Eidoreus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 146. (i) Eidoreus minutus Sharp, Eidoreus minutus Sharp, 1. c. The wings in this species are extremely transparent ; there is a more strongly chitinised part, containing one or more nervures, along the anterior margin, extending somewhat over \ the length of the wing : there is also a nervure, running diagonally from the base to a point on the hind margin somewhat over \ the distance from base to apex. No other nervures are visible. At the point where the diagonal nervure touches the hind margin, the latter has a marked angular indentation. Just on the side of this indentation, nearer to the base of the wing, is a brown pigmented patch. The whole posterior margin bears moderately long hairs. Hab. Oahu. Two specimens (Blackburn) ; also one specimen from Honolulu, and one from the Waianae mts. (Perkins). Fam. CORYLOPHIDAE\ Sacium Leconte. Sacium Leconte, P. Ac. Philad. vi. 1852, p. 142; Matthews, Monograph of Corylophidae, 1899, p. 40. We have received specimens of a species of this genus. Comparison with the species in the British Museum of Natural History, which include the collection formed by Matthews, shows that these specimens cannot be placed in any described species. The species undoubtedly belongs to this genus, for it has eleven joints in the antennae, the eighth (just before the club) being very short and transverse ; and the mouth-parts are of the type shown by Matthews in PI. I. figs. 4, 5 and 6 of his monograph. 1 By Hugh Scott. F. H. III. 54 4i6 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS (i) Saciiirn angusticolle, sp. nov. Oblongum, convexum, sat angustum, nitidum, pubescentia pallida, subtiliter nee densius punctatum, tnterstitiis laevis ; pronoto rufo, elytris nigris apicibus piceo-ferru- gineis, pedibus flavo-ferrugineis, antennis flavis clava obscuriore ; pronoto angusto, sat eloneato, antrorsum ovaliter rotundato, margine vix reflexa, basi baud fortiter sinuata, angulis fere rectis, linea basali baud profunda. Long, f — i-^ mm. This species is distinguished by its small size ; by the fine punctuation and smooth shining interstices ; by the black elytra with no lighter colour except at the extreme apex ; and by the pronotum, which is red, paler in front, narrow, rather long, distinctly narrowed in front, so that the outline forms an elliptic curve, with the margin hardly reflexed. Eight specimens. One specimen, from which the lower length measurement is taken, is conspicuously smaller than all the others. Hab. Hawaiian Is. Two specimens recorded from Oahu, one being from Kaala mts. 2500 ft. ; the other six have no quite certain particulars, but are almost certainly from Oahu (Perkins). Anisomeristes Matthews. Anisoineristes Matthews, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxii. 1886, p. 225 ; Mon. p. 108. This genus is separated from Sericoderus chiefly by the antennae having eleven joints, while those of Scricode7'us are ten-jointed. (i) Anisomeristes basalis. Sharp. Sericodenis basa/is Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 127. Anisomeristes basa/is Matthews, Mon. p. 112. This is a somewhat broad form with conspicuous pubescence. It is of yellowish colour, with the basal parts of the elytra dark ; in the specimens found by Blackburn this portion is black, but in two specimens (both unfortunately in bad preservation) received from Mr Perkins, it is less dark, in one being only somewhat infuscated. The terminal dorsal segments of the body are dark. Hab. Oahu. From the salt marshes in the plains (Blackburn). No particulars as to locality (Perkins). Sericoderus Stephens. Sericoderus Stephens, 111. Brit. Mand. 11. 1829, p. 187; Matthews, Mon. p. 115. COLEOPTERA 417 (i) Scricoderus pubipennis Sharp. Sericoderus pubipennis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. in. 1885, p. 128; Matthews, Mon. p. 121. We have received seventeen specimens. The colour varies somewhat, from lighter and more yellow to ferruginous more or less infuscate. The clubs of the antennae are usually infuscate. There is also variation in size, the length being from about f to I mm. Hab. Oahu, Maui, Lanai, Hawaii. — Oahu : various mountain localities (Black- burn) ; Kaala mts. 2500 ft. ; Waianae mts., beaten from dead Koa branches, 2000 — 3000 ft. (Perkins). — Maui : various mountain localities (Blackburn). — Lanai : 2000 ft. (Perkins). — Hawaii : Kona, from Kukui trees 2500 ft., from fungi about 4000 ft. (Perkins). CoRYLOPHODES Matthews. Corylophodcs Matthews, Ent. Mo. Mag. xxii. 1885, p. 160, Mon. p. 145. Ex parte Coi'ylophus Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1885, p. 127. (i) Cory I op hades rotundus. Sharp. Corylophus rotundus Sharp, 1. c. Corylophodes rotundus Matthews, Mon. p. 156. We have not received this species from Mr Perkins. Hab. Oahu. Near Honolulu (Blackburn). (2) Corylophodes suturalis, Sharp. Corylophus suturalis Sharp, 1. c. Corylophodes suturalis Matthews, Mon. p. 157. We have not received this species from Mr Perkins. Hab. Oahu. " Occurs at roots of grass on the Nuuanu Pali," 2000 ft. (Blackburn). Orthoperus Stephens. Orthopcrus Stephens, 111. Brit. 11. 1829, p. 186; Matthews, Mon. p. iSo. Orthoperus aequalis Sharp. Oi'thoperus aequalis Sharp, Tr. Dublin Soc. iii. 1S85, p. 12S; Matthews, Mon. p. 194. Comparison of this species with others of the genus in the British Museum shows that it is distinguished by its form being a narrow, elongate oval ; by the numerous distinct punctures ; by the whole surface being finely alutaceous ; and by the colour 54-2 41 8 FAUNA HAWAIIENSIS which is not dead black, but a kind of pitchy, with a certain amount of yellowish, so to speak, showing through. A few specimens are decidedly lighter ; one, probably immature, is yellow. The legs are yellowish, the antennae the same with the club infuscate. Length about f mm. There is slight variation in size ; the specimen originally described is rather small. Thirty-nine specimens. Hab. Hawaii, Maui. — Hawaii : Mauna Loa, about 4000 ft. (Blackburn) ; Kona, 4000 ft. and over, some recorded from dead wood and from fungi on Koa tree (Perkins). — Maui : Haleakala 5000 ft., four specimens (Perkins). Fam. MYCETOPHAGIDAE ( = TRITOMIDAE)'. LiTARGUS Erichson. Litargus Erichson, Nat. Ins. iii. 1846, p. 415. Subgenus Alitargus Casey. Alitargus Casey, J. N. York Ent. Soc. viii. 1900, p. 136. Pubescence confusedly arranged, without widely separated series of longer semi- erect hairs. Epipleurae strongly concave, deeply descending. Epistoma trapezoidal. Pronotal punctures simple. Last antennal joint elongate, the tip obliquely and recti- lineally truncate. (i) Litargus balteahis Leconte. Litargus balteatns Leconte, P. Ac. Philad. i