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NOlin IITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliOiliSNI NVINOSHilWS S3 1 ^ Vii 8 B RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOlil r* ^ ^ r* S . ® _ _ __ ^ ^ INOSHiUNS S3 1 8v^sn, LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliniliSNI NVINOSHimS S3IHVN8n LIBR 2 ifi ^ > NOliniliSNI NVINOSHillNS S3l8¥H8n m bJ xSSlSZ*^ q: < „ 0£ OQ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN tu INSTITUTION NOlif in a Cl ( 1 i-i. f-k A r« i ff> A a A ILft aMC'TiTitTirtM MnimillCKIt MWIKinQMtIIAIQ S^IMVHOn LIBR ft ft \IVmOSHillAls“'S3 I aVH a n”LI B RAR I ES^^SMITHSONIAN^INSTITUTlONr^OI-LnJ-tiSNL 9 H^LI B (/> SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOlifUliSNI NVINOSHilWS S3IBVUan LIBRARIES SMITHSONlAN_INSTITUTION NOI — tn — in ^ MviNOSHilws saiHvaan libraries smithsonian institution NoiiniiisNi nvinoshiiins saiavaan lie U) SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOlilUIiSNI NVINOSHIIINS SilHVaSIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOI NVINOSHilWS S3IHVaan libraries SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOIinmSNI_NVINOSHimS S3 I a VB 8 H_LI E SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOlifliULSNI NVINOSHilWS SBiavaaiT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NO NViNOSHilws S3iavaan libraries smithsonian institution NoiiniiiSNi NviNOSHims SBiavaan ui SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliniliSNI NVINOSHilWS ‘ S3 I B VB 8 IT LIBRARIES SMITHS0NIAN_INSTITUTI0N NO c/> NVINOSHilWS S3IBVBan LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliniUSNI NVINOSHimS^S3 1 B VB 8 IT LI m SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOliniliSNI NVINOSHIIWS SilBVBaiT LI B RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NO NVINOSHIIWS Siiavaan libraries smithsonian institution NOIinillSNI_NVINOSHlllNS S3IBVBan LI tr% <— en — ISSN 0738-9388 Qu ^G> I THE F E S T I V U S A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIII January 10, 1991 Number: 1 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) TVeasurer FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Photographer Larry Buck Tferry Arnold Richard Negus Kimberlyn Seybolt Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Family membership: $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Thcker Abbott American Malacologists Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Terrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM ADVENTURES ON THE CALYPSO Richard Herrmann, award winning underwater photographer and longtime Club member, was a still photographer for the 1990 Philippines Expedition, one of the many cruises of the Calypso. This is part of the "Rediscovery of the World" series on Tlirner Broadcasting. Richard will show a series of the images he took and tell of his experiences on this expedition. Meeting date: January 17th CONTENTS Club news 2 A remarkable cowrie radula HUGH BRADNER 3 Range extension for Ceratostoma foliatum (Gmelin, 1791) MIKE JOHNSON 6 Range extension for Semele barbarae (Boone, 1928) CAROLE M. HERTZ 7 Malacology at the Bishop Museum, Honolulu ROBERT H. COWIE 8 In memoriam: John Souder 10 For your information 10 Calendar for detaching Page 2 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(l): 1991 CLUB NEWS The San Diego Shell Club-Thirty Years Old! This month marks the thirtieth anniversary of the San Diego Shell Club. After a series of preliminary get-togethers in late 1960, an organizational meeting was held on January 12, 1961, at which the Club officially came into being. The late John Souder was its first president and a moving force in its establishment. The Club, with 59 members, held its meetings in the auditorium of the San Diego Natural History Museum with the then curators of the Malacology Department, Emery and Elsie Chace, as sponsors. In 1962, the Club joined the News of the Western Association of Shell Clubs and contributed articles to that quarterly newsletter until it ceased publishing in 1969. A complete set of the News can be found in the Club library and offers many engaging articles both on the Club’s history and on the shell-related experiences of its members. Happy Birthday to the San Diego Shell Club. The Club’s Annual Christmas Party Almost 60 members and guests attended the Club Christmas dinner party at the Shanghai Restaurant at Quivira Basin. It was a lovely spot with a large private upstairs room, dance floor, background music provided by John Jackson and tables of eight beautifully set looking out of large picture windows at the water. The highlight of the evening was a hilarious monologue written and expertly performed by Ellen Jackson which viewed shell collectors from the perspective of a non-collector spouse or significant other. Following the traditional shell gift exchange, there was dancing and more socializing. Our thanks to Ellen Jackson who did all the advance planning and made all the arrangements for the party. Dues Are Due Dues are due. In order to be included on the Club membership roster and continue to receive The Festivus, dues must be received by the end of January. Make your checks to The San Diego Shell Club and send them to the Club address. For subscription rates and Club address, see front page. If your dues are not received by January 31, this will be your last issue. Club Calendar of Events For the first time, the Club has prepared an annual calendar of events to better enable members to share in Club activities. The calendar, on the last page of this issue, lists Club meeting dates (speakers not listed), special events, proposed field trip dates, and some non-Club related activities of interest. The calendar was Larry Buck’s idea and it is he who researched the information and David Berschauer did the computer printup. Our thanks to them both. Club Volunteers Are Needed In addition to the Club board, the active help of many persons is necessary to keep the Club growing and healthy. Most important at this time is a phone committee. Monthly reminders for Club meetings and calls for other special Club activities are absolutely necessary. Even though the meeting information is published in The Festivus, busy people tend to forget and special activities such as the Auction/Potluck require the coordination of a phone committee. If you are willing to help, please contact Larry Buck (792-5404). At the January meeting. President Larry Buck will request additional volunteer help for publicity, field trips, and special event coordination. To have a full range of activities, the Club needs the help of its membership. Club Pins Available for Sale San Diego Shell Club pins are still available for sale at $3.00 each plus $.50 postage, when necessary. To order, contact Margaret Mulliner at 5283 Vickie Dr., San Diego, CA 92109, USA, or call (619) 488-2701. Vol. XXIII(l): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 3 A REMARKABLE COWRIE RADULA HUGH BRADNER Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, California 92093 Abnormal Cypraea radulae have rarely been reported. Schilder and Schilder (1966) give perhaps the most complete descriptions, but their most marked "monstrosities" are readily recognizable departures from normal radulae of the species, differing by their number of rows, absence of one kind of tooth on the radula ribbon, or an extra set of teeth on the ribbon. In an earlier paper Schilder (1963) reported that only one abnormal radula was found among two thousand cowries from Kenya. I report here on one cowrie radula, found among about one thousand specimens of various species worldwide. Figure 1 is a scanning electron microscope photo of an abnormal radula from a specimen of C. onyx melanesiae Schilder & Schilder, 1937. The specimen was collected in shallow water by David Mulliner at Lunga Point, Solomon Islands in July 1978. The shell is completely normal compared with about a dozen specimens collected at Lunga Point and Hospital Point by the author and other members of the expedition. Six normal radulae examined under SEM are very similar to Figure 2. This similarity argues that the abnormal one is not simply due to sexual dimorphism since cowrie populations show comparable numbers of males and females. The length and tooth counts of the abnormal radula agree well with the normal ones. The central teeth are not remarkable, though their shape does differ noticeably from the normal ones. The lateral and submarginal teeth are nearly duplicates of the central teeth, and are not as asymmetrical as normal teeth. I Figure 1. Abnormal Cypraea onyx melanesiae radula. Central teeth are 105 microns wide. Marginal teeth are 165 microns wide. Figure 2. Radula of typical Cypraea onyx melanesiae. Central teeth are 125 microns wide. Vol. XXIII(1):1991 Page 4 THE FESTIVUS believe that the marginal teeth are not at all like those of any other Cypraea species except C. talpa Linn6, 1758, and possibly C. exusta Sowerby, 1832. The 180 species that I have examined support this generalization. For further discussions and literature illustrations, see Troschel (1856-1863), Kay (1960), Calvo (1987), Schilder & Schilder (1961, 1963 and 1966) and Schilder (1957, 1958, 1961 and 1962). Figures 3 and 4 show close-up views of marginal teeth of the abnormal C. onyx melanesiae and a normal C. talpa, showing their remarkable form and similarity. The entire abnormal radula looks remarkably like the radula of C. talpa (Figure 5). Alison Kay (personal communication) believes, "that particular radular form, combined with the presence of a bursa, a characteristic mantle pattern of low papillae, and a characteristic larval shell distinguish C. exusta and C. talpa as either a subgeneric or generic complex distinct from the other cypraeids." Schilder and Schilder (1971) place C. talpa in the genus Talparia, and C. exusta in the genus Erronea, subgenus Adusta. (I have not yet abeen able to examine a C. exusta radula.) Shells of C. talpa and C. onyx melanesiae are so different in appearance that there is no possibility of confusion. We are thus faced with an interesting speculation regarding the C. onyx melanesiae with the abnormal radula: Is it a large genetic abnormality, or is it the result of hybridization between two species of different subgeneric or generic complexes? Some insight might be obtained by employing recent DNA assay techniques on preserved specimens. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am especially indebted to Walter Cernohorsky, William K. Emerson and Alison Kay for advice during the course of this study. The work was supported by a grant from the Foundation For Ocean Research at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Figure 3. Marginal teeth of abnormal Cypraea onyx melanesiae radula, at higher magnification than in Figure 1. Figure 4. Marginal teeth of typical Cypraea talpa, at the same magnification as in Figure 3. Vol. XXIII(l): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 5 Figure 5. Radula of typical Cypraea talpa. Central teeth are 115 microns wide. Marginal teeth are 165 microns wide. LITERATURE CITED CAL VO, LARA SWOBODA 1987. Radulas de gastropodes marinhos Brasileiros. Fundacao Universidada do Rio Grande, pp. 104-109. KAY, E. ALISON 1960. Generic revision of the Cypraeinae. Proc. Malac. Soc. London 33:278-287. SCHILDER, FRANZ ALFRED 1957. Biometriche Studien Porzellanschnecken. Wiss. Z. Univ. Halle (Math. nat.)6:97. 1958. Porzellanschnecke Hawaii-Inseln. Verdff. Uberseemus. Bremen. A(3):32. 1961. Beziehung Geschlecht, Radula u. Schale b. Porzellanschnecken. Zool. Anz. Suppl. 24:395. 1962. Zoogeographiche Probleme Porzellanschnecken. Zool. Anz. suppl. 25:495. 1963. Abnormal cowry radula. Proc. Malac. Soc. London 35(4):129-130. SCHILDER, FRANZ ALFRED & MARIA SCHILDER 1961. Sexual differences in cowries. Proc. Malac. Soc. London 34:207. 1963. Statistical studies of cowrie radulae. Veliger 5(3): 106. 1966. Dimorphism and monstrosities in cowrie radulae. Veliger 8(4):215-221. 1971. A catalog of living and fossil cowries. Inst. Roy. Sci. Nat. Belgique, Brussels. Mem. 2nd ser., no. 85:1-246. TROSCHEL, FRANZ HERMANN 1856-1863. Dasz Gebiss der Schnecken zur Begrundung einer naturlichen Classification. 2 vols. Nicolaische Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin. Vol. 1(5):201-213 and corresponding sketches. Page 6 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(l): 1991 RANGE EXTENSION FOR CERATOSTOMA FOLIATUM (GMELIN, 1791) MIKE JOHNSON 4218 60th Street, San Diego, California 92115 In the summer of 1987 Bob Hillis and I made several dive trips to the pinnacles of Punta Banda in northern Baja California, Mexico, collecting six specimens of Ceratostoma foliatum (Gmelin, 1791) from 54 to 82 mm in length, five of which are illustrated in Figure 1. Previous literature suggested that the southernmost extent of the murex on the mainland coast was San Diego, California (Fair, 1976:43, pi. 23, fig. 350 and Dali, 1921:106). The San Diego Natural History Museum mollusk collection has one lot (SDNHM 77152) of one specimen of C. foliatum from San Diego, live collected by Hans Bertsch. All specimens found were in an area of approximately 100 square meters in a kelp-shaded fall of boulders at 65 feet. Two white specimens were found, the most mature having a faint peach aperture. Their closest molluscan neighbor in the area was C. nuttalli (Conrad, 1837). Conditions on the southern side of Punta Banda Figure 1. Ceratostoma foliatum, five specimens from 65-82 mm, collected at Punta Banda bear a striking resemblance to those in the Monterey area; an adjacent marine canyon providing cold nutrient-rich upwelling. Temperatures at depth range from the high 40°s to the mid-50°s F. Absent, however, is the rich diversity of Monterey Bay, perhaps because of the exposed nature of the area. The pinnacles are undiveable in any but the mildest swell due to fierce surge. A return trip to Punta Banda this past April, in the company of Larry Buck and Richard Herrmann, yielded no new specimens of C. foliatum. In fact, very few of any molluscan species were apparent and the once thick kelp canopy was gone, with no young plants or old holdfasts present. Several possible explanations exist for the lack of specimens this year: (1) they may be there and we just didn’t find Vol. XXIII(l): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 7 them (They were previously found in a very restricted area.), (2) the absence of kelp may have led to the decline of the ecosystem dependent upon it, (3) they’ve moved. A healthy population of C. foliatum that dotted the breakwater at Monterey last year was entirely absent last month while less than a mile away a dozen or so were observed on the pilings under a fishing wharf. The warmer waters of the northern side of Punta Banda, within the bay, yielded quite a few familiar species at depths of 40-90 feet in substrates of rock and sand. Included were Pteropurpura trialata (Sowerby, 1834); P. macroptera (Deshayes, 1839); P. vokesae Emerson, 1964; and Cancellaria cooperi Gabb, 1864. LITERATURE CITED DALE, WILLIAM H. 1921. Summary of the marine shellbearing mollusks of the northwest coast of America, from San Diego, California, to the Polar Sea...USNM Bull. 112:1-217, pis. 1-22. FAIR, RUTH H. 1976. The Murex Book: an illustrated catalogue of Recent Muricidae...Publ. Ruth H. Fair, pp. 1-113, pis. 1-23. RANGE EXTENSION FOR SEMELE BARBARAE (BOONE, 1928) CAROLE M. HERTZ Department of Marine Invertebrates, San Diego Natural History Museum, Balboa Park, P.O. Box 1390, San Diego, California 92112 Semele barbarae (Boone, 1928) has previously been reported from Bahia Isla Grande, Guerrero, Mexico (17°40’N, 101°39’W) to Playas, Guayas Province, Ecuador (2°39’S, 80°23’W) in depths from 27-101 m (Coan, 1988). During a recent visit to our home. Dr. Coan identified as Semele barbarae a valve in the Hertz collection from San Marcos Island in the Gulf of California. The single valve, 53.3 mm in length, was dredged in December 1979 by Laura Shy. This is the first time the species has been recorded from the Gulf. LITERATURE CITED COAN, EUGENE V. 1988. Recent eastern Pacific species of the bivalve genus Semele. Veliger 31(1,2): 1-42, 64 figs. Page 8 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(l): 1991 MALACOLOGY AT THE BISHOP MUSEUM, HONOLULU ROBERT H. COWIE Bishop Museum, P.O. Box 19000A, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817-0916 The Bishop Museum was founded in 1889 by Charles Reed Bishop as a memorial to his wife. Princess Bernice Pauahi Bishop, the last descendent in the Kamehameha line of Hawaiian royalty. In 1988 it was formally recognized as the State of Hawaii Museum of Natural and Cultural History, although retaining its private status and independence from state legislative control. The Museum contains the world’s largest collection of terrestrial. Pacific island mollusks; the marine collection is the best in the world for the Hawaiian archipelago and has extensive material from the Ryukyus, Bonins, Micronesia and Line Islands especially, with over 225,000 lots and an estimated 6,000,000 specimens, it is the 9th largest mollusk collection in the U.S.; and with two thirds of the collection terrestrial, it is the 2nd largest U.S. land shell collection, after that at the Smithsonian. About 55% of the terrestrial collection is of Hawaiian species, the rest derived from over 30 Pacific island groups. There is little continental material. In the marine collection, Cypraeidae, Mitridae and Terebridae are particularly well represented. The land snail collection is unique in the large number of shells (approximately 65%) accompanied by preserved soft parts. Much of the material collected after 1930 is also accompanied by detailed collection and distributional information, including large-scale maps. The history of the collection is essentially a history of the many expeditions, field trips and acquisitions made by the curators and others from the hundreds of islands scattered throughout the Pacific. In 1902 C.M. Cooke Jr. was appointed as an assistant and in 1907 was made Curator of Pulmonates. He remained at the Museum until his death in 1948, by which time he had established the general focus of malacological collecting and research on those Pacific island groups that harboured the distinctive Pacific land snail families Achatinellidae (including Tornatellinidae), Amastridae and Partulidae. This area includes essentially all of Polynesia (excluding New Zealand), Micronesia, and parts of Melanesia. Much of Cooke’s research was done in collaboration with H.A. Pilsbry, resulting in major monographs in the Manual of Conchology. Cooke emphasized the preservation of both shells and their animals and the recording of detailed geographic and microgeographic information with the collected specimens. Thus, he laid the groundwork for studies of zonitid anatomy by H.B. Baker, the geographic distribution of Achatinella by d’AA. Welch and a systematic revision of the Achatinellidae ((including Tornatellinidae) co- authored posthumously with Y. Kondo. The emphasis on Pacific island land mollusks was maintained by Kondo, who succeeded Cooke and continued the research program Cooke had set out many years earlier. C.C. Christensen succeeded Kondo in 1981, although Kondo remained active. Christensen continued the terrestrial tradition, studying native Hawaiian land snails, particularly subfossil material from archaeological sites, until he left in 1985. Following a five-year hiatus, R.H. Cowie, with a background in ecology and population genetics of European land snails, was appointed to take charge of the collection in January 1990. From the time the Bishop Museum acquired the important Garrett collection, the marine collection has also attracted many workers, including W.H. Dali, Pilsbry, W.A. Bryan, C.H. Edmondson, J.M. Ostergaard, W.M. Ingram and E.A Kay, resulting in a substantial series of publications on the Hawaiian fauna in particular. Kay’s Hawaiian Marine Shells (1979), an update of the mollusk section of Edmondson’s Reef and Shore Fauna of Hawaii (1933), is a complete summary of the "neritic" (to 50 m or SCUBA depths) mollusk fauna of Hawaii. Both were published by the Bishop Museum. Byne’s Disease Byne’s Disease has been known in the collection for a long time, particularly in the marine collection, but was assumed to have resulted from improper Vol. XXIII(l): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 9 storage in the past (e.g. in wooden cabinets prior to donation to the Museum). It manifests itself as a whitish crystalline efflorescence on the surface of the shell, derived from the reaction between the calcium carbonate of the shell and volatile acids given off by wooden, cardboard and paper storage materials. It is facilitated by high and fluctuating humidity and temperature. In 1984 Christensen discovered that land shells collected in the 1930s were affected. Since then it has been realized that Byne’s Disease is far more widespread in the land shell collection than previously thought. No doubt this has been due to a combination of the effects of storage of shells in closed non acid-free cardboard boxes with non acid- free paper labels and on open wooden shelves exposed to the typically hot and humid Hawaiian climate. In 1987 a museum conservation expert estimated that about 33% of the land shell collection was affected (but only 5% of the marine shells. A proposal will soon be submitted to the National Science Foundation requesting funds to rehouse the land shell collection in metal cabinets and acid-free boxes. These measures, combined with the air-conditioning now installed, will halt the deterioration and begin to bring the collection up to modern standards. The Future Our immediate aim is the rehousing of the land shell collection. This is the first step in returning the collection to a position from which it can be used as a major research resource. Once prevention of further damage is achieved, a long-term program of upgrading the collection will begin and will include computerization of all collection data, following procedures laid down by the Council of Systematic Malacologists. The implementation of an active research program in malacology at the Bishop Museum is at the forefront of our goals and will go hand in hand with the modernization of the collection. We hope particularly to attract visiting researchers to work on the collection and the Pacific fauna. Currently, a number of research projects are in progress or proposed. Two projects involving collaboration between Bishop Museum Malacology and the University of Hawaii have recently been funded: a study of inter- and intra-specific DNA variation in Hawaii’s endemic tree snails (Achatinellinae), and a study of phytogeny and speciation in the Neritacea using morphological (including SEM) techniques. We are involved in survey and database work for Hawaii’s Natural Area Reserve System; and proposals have been submitted to survey Oahu’s land snail fauna (MacArthur Foundation) and to survey partulid and other land snails on U.S.-affiliated islands throughout the Pacific (National Science Foundation). An annotated list of the marine types in the collection is almost ready for submission to Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. A range of other projects is being considered, including (i) a companion list to that of the marine types for the much larger number of terrestrial types, (ii) a list of introduced species in Hawaii and studies to assess their distributions and interactions with native ecosystems, (iii) a modern revision of the Amastridae, concentrating on Leptachatina, (iv) evolutionary studies on land snails of the Society and Austral Islands, (v) studies to assess the relationships between shell shape and ecological niche and their relationship to molluscan diversity in the Pacific, (vi) gathering of baseline diversity data on the fauna of Papua New Guinea and/or New Caledonia, followed by ecological and biogeographic studies, (vii) multi-disciplinary studies on the evolutionary biology of Pacific Succineidae in their world-wide context. Once the collection is rehoused and modernization under way, we hope that this research program on the evolutionary biology of Pacific mollusks will expand. This will depend on obtaining funds from various granting agencies and on attracting collaborating scientists, but it is envisaged as returning malacology at the Bishop Museum to prominence both among museums in the U.S. and world-wide and as part of an expanding program of evolutionary and conservation biology centered in Hawaii. Page 10 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(l): 1991 IN MEMORIAM JOHN SOUDER It is with sorrow that we report the passing of John Souder this past November after a valiant battle against cancer. John was a charter member and active supporter of the San Diego Shell Club. He was loved by all who knew him and was made an honorary member of the Club in a ceremony at the 1989 Club Christmas party. John, a longtime collector with a love of the Cypraeidae, remained active in the Club even after disposing of his collection a number of years ago. He hosted most of the Club Christmas parties and at the time of his death was busy organizing a special ceremony for the recent Christmas party to commemorate the Club’s thirtieth anniversary. Our heartfelt condolences are extended to John’s wife, Dorothy, and their family. FOR YOUR INFORMATION Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Malacologia The First Latin American Congress of Malacology will be held at the Universidad Sim6n Bolivar in Caracas, Venezuela from July 15-19, 1991. For further information contact Lie. Roberto Cipriani, Universidad Simdn Bolivar, Apartado Postal 89.000, Caracas 1080, Venezuela. Marine Bivalve Symposium at the Joint Meeting of the American Malacological Union and the Western Society of Malacologists June 30 to July 5, 1991 The joint annual meeting of the AMU and the WSM at the University of California, Berkeley, will feature a Marine Bivalve Symposium the fundamental purpose of which "will be to promote scientific cooperation and friendship, allowing local and international bivalve malacologists and students to exchange ideas and discuss current problems in our field. The symposium porceedings will be published." For further information write: Paul Scott, Dept. Invertebrate Zoology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93105, or call (805) 682-4711. Conchologists of America — 1991 Convention The 1991 COA convention will be held on Long Island, from July 7 to 12 at the Huntington Hilton in Melville, New York. Preparations are being made for field trips to Orient Point State Park for shell collecting, a tour of Pindar Vineyards and a possible dinner cruise on Long Island Sound as well as a post-bourse bus trip to Sagamore Hill, home of Theodore Roosevelt. THIS WILL BE YOUR LAST ISSUE UNLESS YOUR MEMBERSHIP IS CURRENT FOR 1991. Consult the Fesiivus (or further information. Unscheduled events may not appear. » > ^-1 > c: > > •Tl m cd » C! > SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB - CALENDAR OF EVENTS 1991 SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB - CALENDAR OF EVENTS 1991 Consult the Festivus (or further information. Unscheduled events may not appear. THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club ISSN 0738-9388 Volume: XXIII February 14, 1991 Number: 2 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) TVeasurer FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Photographer Larry Buck Tbrry Arnold Richard Negus Kimberlyn Seybolt Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Family membership: $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Tbcker Abbott American Malacologists Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Tferrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM CONES, THEIR FORMS AND SUBSPECIES Ray Calabrese, Club member and cone specialist preparation and expected to appear in May 1991, whose book, "Master Guide to Cone Shells" is in will give a presentation on the family Conidae. Shell family of the month: Conidae Meeting date: February 21st CONTENTS Club news 12 Comments on two ambiguous muricids currently comprising the genus Vitularia Swainson, 1840 ANTHONY D’ATTILIO 13 The Festivus announces a supplement to Volume XXII (1990) 15 A brief visit to the intertidal zone of Sitka, Alaska DAVID P. BERSCHAUER 16 Conus dispar at Isla Ceralbo? TWILA BRATCHER 17 1991 low tides for the northern Gulf of California 18 John D. Isaacs Scholarship competition 18 Membership roster for detaching Page 12 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(2): 1991 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - January 17, 1991 The large group in attendance at the January meeting was treated to a program by Richard Herrmann whose illustrated talk was entitled, "Adventures on the Calypso." Comments such as, "Every shot was a work of art." were to be heard and typified the reaction of the audience. Richard’s superb slides were taken in the area of Puerto Princesa at Palawan in the Philippine Islands. Many of the images were taken underwater in caves, some topside, and a few were even of mollusks. Richard gave some insights into life aboard the Calypso with tidbits about the crew and Jacques Cousteau. It was a special evening. After the refreshment break, with cookies generously provided by the families Buck, Mulliner and Negus, there was a short business meeting. Ray Calabrese gave a brief introduction to a proposed Club project on the lifestyles of marine mollusks, Terry Arnold announced upcoming dive trips [see calendar in January issue], and Larry Buck notified the members of the shell cleaning seminar to be run by Kim Hutsell. Larry also asked for volunteers for the telephone committee. The door prize was won by John Bishop. Mark your Calendars! The Club’s Annual Auction/Potiuck The Club Auction/Potiuck will be held on Saturday evening, April 20th at the Clubhouse of Wes Farmer’s condo. This is the only fundraising event of the year and it is not too early to donate specimen quality shells (with good collecting data, if possible) for the auction. Bring your shell donation to the February meeting or call a board member to arrange for its pickup. The Club needs your help in making funds available for its projects and operating expenses. Club Volunteers are Needed Volunteers for a telephone committee are still needed. Please contact Larry Buck (792-5404) if you are willing to help. Phoning doesn’t require very much time but it makes a considerable difference in attendance and participation at meetings and special events. Also requested are volunteers to help with publicity, field trips, and special event coordination. An Additional Donation of Veligers Received The Club has been very fortunate to receive an additional donation of issues and supplements of The Veliger. the proceeds from the sale of which will be reserved for special projects of The Festivus. Below is a listing of all The Veliger issues and supplements now available. Complete volumes sell at $40.00 each, individual issues at $10.00 each. Supplements are priced individually. All prices are plus postage when applicable. Complete volumes: 11 (2 copies), 13 (3 copies), 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 (2 copies), 20, 21, 22, 23, 25. Partial volumes: 9(1,1, 1,3,3,4,4); 11(1,1,1,2,); 12(1,2); 13(2,2,); 14(1,2,2,4); 15(2,3,4,4,4); 16(1,4); 17(1,3,3,4,4,4); 18(1,3,4,4); 19(1,2,3); 20(1,2,4,4); 21(3,3); 22(3,3,3,3,4,4); 23(3,3,4); 24(1,2,3,3,3,3); 25(3,3,4); 28(1,3,4); 29(3). Supplements: Vol. 3, "Opisthobranch Mollusks from California," Pt. 1 by Marcus & Pt. 2 by Beeman & McGowan, 1 copy @ $5.00. Vol. 7,"A Glossary of a Thousand-And-One Terms used in Conchology," compiled by Arnold, 1 copy @ $5.00. Mini Book Auction at the February Meeting Two publications of considerable interest will be auctioned at the February meeting. They are both Veliger supplements and are as follows: "A Systematic Revision of the Recent Cypraeid Family Ovulidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda)," by Cate, Veliger 15 (Supp.):l-116, 251 figs. (Jan. 1973). "The Panamic-Galapagan Epitoniidae," by DuShane, Veliger 16 (Supp.):l-84, 154 figs. (May 1974). Vol. XXIII(2): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 13 COMMENTS ON TWO AMBIGUOUS MURICIDS CURRENTLY COMPRISING THE GENUS VITULARIA SWAINSON, 1840 ANTHONY D’ATTILIO 2415 29th Street, San Diego, California 92104 Introduction The genus Vitularia as presently understood consists of two Recent species, the eastern Pacific Vitularia salebrosa (King & Broderip, 1832) (Figures 1,2,4,5) and the Indo-West Pacific V. miliaris (Gmelin, 1791) (Figures 3 and 6). The generic taxon was proposed by Swainson (1840) with the type species Vitularia tuberculata Swainson, 1840 (= Murex miliaris Gmelin, 1791). The radula of V. miliaris, studied in detail by Radwin & D’Attilio (1976), is here copied from that book (Figure 7) and study of the radula of V. salebrosa for this paper has raised several questions. The anatomy of the soft parts of these two species has not been studied to my knowledge. In Yokes (1988) there are extensive literature references for V. salebrosa. This species occurs in the fossil record of the western Atlantic and eastern Pacific and the Recent of the eastern Pacific. Fossil species formerly considered related to V. salebrosa in beds of northwestern South America and southern Florida are synonymized by Yokes (1988), in which publication there are excellent illustrations. Discussion All studies of the radulae of true Muricidae genera show 5 main cusps which are further embellished laterally, especially in Figures 1-3. (1) Vitularia salebrosa, apertural view of strongly pebbled specimen 69 mm L (2) V. salebrosa, apertural view of a specimen 82 mm L, showing axial ridging (3) V. miliaris, specimen 50 mm L, ap>ertual view. All specimens from the Don Pisor collection. Figures 4-6. Dorsal views of sp>ecimens illustrated in Figures 1-3. Photo; D. Mulliner Page 14 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(2): 1991 Ocenebrinae, by a few or many small folds terminating in points between the lateral cusps and the end of the rachidian plate. Vitularia miliaris, however, has 7 major cusps (Figure 7), which in this respect is similar to the radula of V. salebrosa as drawn by me in the early 1970s (Figure 8). In order to confirm that study of the hitherto unpublished radula of V. salebrosa, numerous attempts were made within the past year to recover another radula from this species. Only from one specimen out of nine studied was a radula found at all and this one (Figure 9) appears to be extremely aberrant resembling nothing else known to me. [As an additional note of interest, Barbara Myers reported to me that while extracting the "aberrant" radula of V. salebrosa shown in Figure 9, she found a small commensal pinnotherid crab inside the mantle.] Figure 7. V. miliaris radula showing the 7 major cusps on the rachidian plate. After Radwin & D’Attilio, 1976. Figure 9. V. salebrosa "aberrant" radula of specimen showing the rachidian plate of two incurved, hooklike major cusps with a minute central cusp. SDNHM 90792, from Jalisco, Mexico, ex Skoglund collection, 1965. Radula extracted and mounted by B.W. Myers. pebbling does not follow any order and varies in size. [See Radwin & D’Attilio (1976:74, fig. 115).] Near the outer lip edge, the pebbly surface coalesces into irregular spiral ridges. Although weak or The shell of V. salebrosa differs from any of the species in the three subfamilies Muricinae, Muricopsinae, and Ocenebrinae by its lack of regular spiral sculpture and scabrous cords ranging from weak to strong which are usually apparent. In addition, in the three subfamilies mentioned, the cords extend on the varices into spines of various forms or flanges with the number and placement of the varices indicating clear-cut episodic growth and resting periods. These characters are lacking in V. salebrosa, which develops quite different surface morphology. In some specimens of V. salebrosa examined, there are about 10 or 11 diffuse axial ridges on the body and these ridges terminate at the angulate shoulder as swollen nodes (Figure 2). The shell surface otherwise ranges from a nearly smooth to weakly or strongly rounded pebbly surface. The Figure 8. V. salebrosa radula of specimen showing the 7 major cusps on the rachidian plate. Specimen from Bahia Cuastecomate, Jalisco, Mexico, in the D. Shasky collection. Extracted and mounted by the late G.E. Radwin and drawn by the author. Strongly flanged varical margins do occur on the axial ridges, these are not consistent in size or placement and are not useful for diagnostic purposes. Fifteen to 20 denticles, regular in size Vol. XXIII(2): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 15 occur on the inner surface of the outer lip of the large lenticular aperture. The relatively short canal is narrowly to broadly open. Of the numerous variations of form found in V. miliaris (Figures 3 & 6), which I have studied, are many examples of the non-lamellose, ruggedly formed orange-colored specimens from the Philippines. These have a siphonal canal varying from open to sometimes closed, are dentate with 8 to 10 denticles within the outer lip, and the weak, irregularly dispersed surface lamellae and pebbled surface of V. salebrosa is replaced by short, close- set irregular, appressed ridges in V. miliaris, with the entire surface appearing deeply and irregularly wrinkled. Wherever the lamellae appear, including the outer lip edge, small scale-like growth is apparent. In addition, the inner lip is not entirely adherent but is so only posteriorly, below which it is weakly erect, differing from the entirely adherent inner tip of V. salebrosa. Conclusion In attempting to clarify the position of Vitularia and the relationship of the two species, V. miliaris and V. salebrosa, the study of the radulae was undertaken. The difficulties encountered in studying the radula of V. salebrosa have raised new questions. Why, in the study of nine specimens, was only one radula found (Figure 9)? And why was that one radically different than the one found much earlier and shown in Figure 8? ACKNOWLEDGMENTS To Barbara W. Myers, I am indebted for the extraction and mounting of the aberrant radula of a specimen of V. salebrosa and for the time spent in repeated attempts to secure a radula from five additional specimens. I also appreciate Leroy Poorman’s efforts to find a radula in the three specimens available to him. Larry Buck, Jeremy Hutsell, John Jackson, Don Pisor, Don Shasky and Carol Skoglund all made specimens of V. miliaris and V. salebrosa available for study for which I am grateful. Carole M. Hertz arranged for the loan of specimens and helped with the manuscript for which I thank her and I acknowledge the San Diego Natural History Museum for making its molluscan collection available to me. LITERATURE CITED RADWIN, GEORGE E. & ANTHONY D’ATTILIO 1976. Murex shells of the world an illustrated guide to the Muricidae. Stanford Univ. Press. 284-1- pp., 32 pis., 179 line drawings. YOKES, EMILY H. 1988. Muricidae (Mollusca; Gastropoda) of the Esmeraldas Beds, northwestern Ecuador. Tulane Stud. Geol. & Paleont. 21(1,2):1- 50, 6 pis., 15 text figs. THE FESTIVUS ANNOUNCES A SUPPLEMENT TO VOLUME XXII (1990) The Festivus announces publication of Supplement I for 1990 (Volume 22) entitled, "Additions to the Panamic Province Opisthobranchia (Mollusca) Literature 1971 to 1990" by Carol Skoglund. This 27-1- page supplement updates the changes in the opisthobranch literature of the Panamic Province since the publication of A Myra Keen’s Sea Shells of Tropical West America in 1971. Supplement I will be received by all paid subscribers for 1990 and will be available to non- members (and those not members in 1990) at a cost of $5.00. For postage, add $1.00 domestic, $2.00 overseas surface, and $3.00 overseas airmail. To order, send your check to The San Diego Shell Club at the address shown on the cover page of this issue. Page 16 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(2): 1991 A BRIEF VISIT TO THE INTERTIDAL ZONE OF SITKA, ALASKA DAVID P. BERSCHAUER 16 Primrose, Laguna Hills, California 92656 Thanks to my in-laws, my wife Felicia and I were fortunate to have had the opportunity to visit Alaska in July of last year. We had the chance to investigate a shallow unnamed bay near the visitor center in Sitka at low tide. The bay has a gentle slope with a muddy sand substrate. Nearer to shore are sparsely scattered smooth rocks of varying sizes up to a foot in diameter. At the shore’s edge are boulders leading up to a dirt embankment. Driftwood and logs were abundant along the high water mark. Marine life was plentiful but not overcrowded; bare rock was visible. On the boulders in the high intertidal zone the barnacle Chthamalus dalli Pilsbry, 1916, and the periwinkle Littorina scutulata Gould, 1849, predominated. Just beneath this band were the barnacle Balanus glandula Darwin, 1854, and the ever-present Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758. The brown alga Fucus distichus was in great abundance on the rocks here, with the red alga Endocladia muricata less commonly interspersed. An occasional CoUisella pelta (Rathke, 1833) limpet was found on the boulders. I saw several Cryptochiton stelleri (Middendorf, 1847) on the rocks in the harbor, but I didn’t collect any of the huge chitons. The mid-intertidal zone with the sparsely scattered smooth rocks had patches of the green alga Ulva fenestrata throughout. An occasional sea anemone was found near the smooth rocks in the sand. Small hermit crabs were abundant. The most common mollusk found on all the rocks was the periwinkle Littorina sitkana Philippi, 1846. The predatory Nucella canaliculata (Duclos, 1832) and Searlesia dira (Reeve, 1846) were commonly found in this zone also. The most common muricid species is a northern form of Nucella lima (Gmelin, 1791) identified for me by Anthony D’Attilio. I was amazed to find a near-perfect Nitidiscala indianorum (Carpenter, 1864) lying in the sandy mud. It was occupied at the time by a hermit crab, but I coaxed it out of my prize. In the sandy mud there were two abundant bivalves, the cockle Clinocardium nuttallii (Conrad, 1837), and the clam Humilaria kennerleyi (Reeve, 1863). Less common were Tapes philippinarum (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850) and Mya truncata Linnaeus, 1758. I found one dead Natica clausa Broderip & Sowerby, 1829, in this region with Chthamalus dalli barnacles on it. Although we didn’t find any, several local shops had specimens of Haliotis kamtschatkana Jonas, 1845, in their windows, and these are supposed to be found subtidally in the local area. We saw quite a few species for such a cold water area - not too bad for twenty minutes of collecting at low tide. I wonder what more we could have found with a couple of days! ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to thank Anthony D’Attilo for identifying the troublesome muricid which turned out to be Nucella lima. Vol. XXIII(2): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 17 CONUS DISPAR AT ISLA CERALBO? Twila Bratcher 8121 Mulholland Terrace, Los Angeles, California 90046 The Hawaiian Shell News (Bratcher, 1989(5):6 [May]) published a picture of a cone collected at Isla Ceralbo, Gulf of California, which the late Bill Old had identified as Conus dispar Sowerby, 1833. Shortly afterward A J. Da Motta, a cone expert presently from the Hong Kong area, wrote asking to borrow one of the seven specimens found (Figure 1). After examining it he wrote, "There is no doubt your photograph is as close as one can get to Sowerby’s type figure. What is particularly useful is your identification of a reliable habitat. Nothing would give me greater pleasure than to be able to establish C. dispar as a valid taxon, but there are so many more aspects which need verification before one can begin to analyse what significance one can give to your important discovery. For instance: Sowerby’s type figure measured 22 x 9 mm; yours already shows a growth occurrence of 2.26 against 2.44 - a puzzling difference of 8%. Technically you are already providing proof that Sowerby’s dispar is an immature specimen. What must be ascertained is whether your seven specimens stopped growing beyond 29.5 x 13.2 mm. Another visit to Ceralbo Island, say, from June onwards might help to find evidence whether (A) new colonies remain below 30 mm and thereby be considered members of a dwarf population or (B) that specimens have continued to lengthen beyond 29.5 mm and therefore have begun to evolve into another locality form of C regularis.” Before he went on a dive trip to Isla Ceralbo in 1989, Richard McClincy of Danville, California, wrote to me asking the exact location on Isla Ceralbo at which the specimens were found. Later he wrote to report, "I did get a chance to dive there, but at the north end on the west side. [The original location was at the extreme south end on the west side.] Both Kirstie Kaiser, who was on the same trip, and I each found one dead shell." McClincy’s shell measures 28.4 x 12.7 mm and he says Kirstie Kaiser’s is about the same size or slightly smaller. He says they show little variation in pattern. Both dead specimens were found at about 55 feet and were in the same type habitat as the seven mentioned earlier, buried in sand at the base of a very large rock. Dr. Dieter Rockel of Germany, another cone expert, also borrowed the shell. He wrote, "Your specimen is unquestionably very similar, but not matching the figure in each respect. I personally am inclined to accept the conformity of both your specimen and the figure. But then the next question arises: Is C. dispar - represented by your specimen - not a form of the highly variable C. regularis?” Keen (1971) in Seashells of Tropical West America, placed C. dispar as a questionable synonym of C scalaris Valenciennes, 1832 Figure 1. Conus dispar Sowerby, 1833. 29.5 x 13.2 mm. Location: Isla Ceralbo, Gulf of California. Leg. Norm Currin, April 1965. Page 18 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(2): 1991 1991 LOW TIDES FOR THE NORTHERN GULF OF CALIFORNIA The entries listed below show only periods of low tides of -4.0 feet and below (unless associated with tides of -4.0 feet). The times of low tides are given in Mountain Standard Time. To correct for San Felipe, subtract one hour from listed times which are for Puerto Penasco (San Felipe is on Pacific Standard Time). Tides below the midriff of the Gulf cannot be estimated using these entries. February April 14. -4.0 at 8:00 PM 13. -3.9 15. -3.9 at 8:15 PM 14. -4.9 26. -4.5 at 7:15 PM 15. -5.8 27. -5.0 at 7:45 PM 16. -4.9 28. -4.0 at 8:00 PM 17. -4.5 March May 1. -4.2 at 8:45 AM 12. -3.9 -4.1 at 8:45 PM 13. -4.2 2. -4.2 at 9:10 AM 14. -5.0 14. -3.9 at 7:00 PM 15. -5.4 15. -4.1 at 7:15 PM 16. -4.2 16. -4.9 at 7:50 AM June -4.1 at 8:00 PM 11. -3.9 17. -4.2 at 9:00 AM 12. -4.4 18. -4.1 at 9:30 AM 13. -4.8 28. -3.9 at 7:00 AM 14. -4.2 29. -4.1 at 7:30 AM July 30. -4.8 at 7:45 AM 11. -4.5 31. -3.9 at 8:15 AM 12. -5.3 13. -4.4 August at 6:45 AM 8. -3.9 at 6:30 AM at 7:15 AM 9. -4.3 at 7:00 AM at 8:00 AM 10. -4.9 at 7:30 AM at 8:15 AM 11. -4.0 at 8:30 AM at 9:00 AM September 7. -3.9 at 6:45 AM at 6:15 AM 8. -4.0 at 7:30 AM at 7:00 AM October at 7:30 AM 23. -4.0 at 7:00 PM at 8:00 AM 24. -3.8 at 8:00 PM at 9:00 AM November 20. -4.1 at 6:50 PM at 6:30 AM 21. -4.8 at 7:00 PM at 7:30 AM 22. -4.8 at 8:00 PM at 8:00 AM 23. -4.2 at 8:30 PM at 9:00 AM December 19. -4.0 at 6:15 PM at 7:15 AM 20. -4.9 at 7:00 PM at 8:00 AM 21. -5.8 at 7:50 PM at 8:45 AM 22. -4.8 at 9:00 PM 23. -4.0 at 9:30 PM JOHN D. ISAACS SCHOLARSHIP COMPETITION "College-bound California high school seniors interested in marine science or technology should pursue the $10,000 John D. Isaacs scholarship. This scholarship, sponsored by the California Sea Grant College Program, is open to any high school senior in California who has entered a regional or county science fair with a project related to any of the marine sciences (geology, biology, meteorology, fisheries, chemistry, etc.). The student must have applied to (and must by the following fall be enrolled in) a college or university in California. This year, in addition to the $10,000 award ($2,500 per year for four years), a $500 cash award will be available to the teacher identified by the winning student as having been especially supportive of his or her efforts in marine science. This teacher award is sponsored by the San Diego Chapter of the Marine Technology Society. Deadline for applying for the scholarship competition is April 12, 1991. For applications, immediately contact California Sea Grant College Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0232; phone 619- 534-4442...." SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB Membership List - 1991 ABBOTT, R. TUCKER, 2208 South Colonial Dr., Melbourne, FL 32902- 2255 ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA, c/o Dr. Robert Robertson, 19th and the Parkway, Logan Square, Philadelphia, PA 19103 ADAMS, ROSEMARY, 13346 Birchwood, Sunnymead, CA 92388 ALBI, YVONNE, 7001 Vista Del Mar Lane, Playa Del Rey, CA 90293 AMEMIYA, DENISE, 2035 Avila Ct. , LaJolla, CA 92037, 456-1844 AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, Serials Unit, Library, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, NY 10024 ANDERSON, JAYNE, 745 First St., #101, Encinitas, CA 92024 ARNOLD, TERRY, 2975 B St., San Diego, CA 92102, 235-8181 AUCKLAND INSTITUTE & MUSEUM, Serials Dept., The Library, Private Bag, Auckland 1, New Zealand AVILEZ DON & KIM, 5481 Los Robles, Carlsbad, CA 92008 BARTON, GEORGE & PAULA, 620 S. Nevada St., Oceanside, CA 92054, 722-7281 BENNETT, JO, 1559 Tredegar Dr., Fort Myers, FL 33919 BERSCHAUER, DAVID & FELICIA, 16 Primrose, Laguna Hills, CA 92656 BERTSCH, HANS, 640 The Village #203, Redondo Beach, CA 90277 BISHOP, JOHN, 3026 Freeman, San Diego, CA 92106, 223-6038 BISHOP MUSEUM, 1525 Bernice St., P.O. Box 19000-A, Honolulu, HI 96817-0916 BOONE, CONSTANCE E., 3706 Rice Blvd. , Houston, TX 77005 BOYD, EDWARD & PATRICIA, 18218 Paradise Mountain no. 197, Valley Center, CA 92082, 749-9033 BRADNER, HUGH & MARGE, 1867 Caminito Marzella, La Jolla, CA 92037, 459-7681 BRATCHER, TWILA, 8121 Mulholland Terr., Los Angeles, CA 90046 BRITISH MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, Acquisitions Sec. (DLS) Cromwell Rd. , London SW7 5BD, England BROSIUS, GEORGE & DORIS, 1350 Loring St., San Diego, CA 92109, 483- 3447 BROWN, BILLEE & BOB, 6333 La Jolla Blvd. #171, La Jolla, CA 92037, 454-5788 BUCK, LARRY & TONI, 2534 Via Pisa, Del Mar, CA 92014, 792-5404 BUKRY, J. DAVID, U.S.G.S. 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Box 339, Glen Ellen, CA 95442 COAN, GENE, 891 San Jude Ave. , Palo Alto, CA 94306 COOK, BUNNIE & GEORGE, 1120 Makaiwa St., Honolulu, HI 96816 COOVERT , GARY , 36 Prospect Ave., Dayton, OH 45415 D'ATTILIO, TONY (Hon), 2415 29th St., San Diego, CA 92104, 281-9731 DEUEL, GLEN A. , 8011 Camille Drive, Huntsville, AL 35802 DESCHAINE, LEWIS, 3029 Silver Lake Rd. , St. Anthony, MN 55418 DRAPER, BERTRAM, 8511 Bleriot Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90045 DRURY, DIANNE, 691 Sand Castle Dr., Cardiff, CA 92007 DUSHANE, HELEN, 15012 El Soneto, Whittier, CA 90605 EERNISSE, DOUGLAS J. , Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079 ERNEST, JAMES, Box 831, Balboa, Ancon, Republic of Panama EVERSON, GENE, 500 Nottingham Pky. , Louisville, KY 40222 FARMER, WES, 3591 Ruffin Rd. , #226, San nDiego, CA 92123, 576-2143 FAULCONER, PHIL & HEIDRUN, P.O. Box 82632, San Diego, CA 92138, 222-8082 FOSTER, ROBERT, P.O. Box 3010, Santa Barbara, CA 93130-3010 GARDNER, SANDRA, 1755 University Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94301 GEMMELL, JOYCE, 150 S. Anza Sp. 47C, EL Cajon, CA 92020, 447-8004 GORI, SANDRO, Via Sernesi 7, Livorno, Italy HANSELMAN, GEO. & Virginia, 5818 Tulane St., San Diego, CA 92122, 453-3019 HANSEN, MIKE & HOLLY, P.O. Box 73, Angles Camp, CA 95222 HAWAIIAN MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY, P.O. Box 22130, Honolulu, HI 96822 HERRMANN, RICHARD & GINNY, 12545 Mustang Dr., Poway, CA 92064, 679- 7017 HERTZ, JULES & CAROLE, 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111, 277-6259 HILLIS, ROBERT & LEAH, 465 El Monte Rd. , El Cajon, CA 92020, 440- 0727 HOFFMANN, VERNE, 1465 Lorenz Ave., National City, CA 92114, 266- 8015 HOLIMAN, WAYNE & AUDREY, P.O. Box 246, Edinberg, TX 78539 HOLLMANN, Michael, 14175 Half Moon Bay Dr., Del Mar, CA 92014, 259, 6657 HOUSTON, ROY, Dept, of Biology, Loyola Marymount University, Loyola Blvd. at West 80th St., Los Angeles, CA 90045 HUTSELL, KIM, LINDA &i JEREMY, 5720 Gaines St. #23 San Diego, CA 92111, 295-8330 IRWIN, DON & LORENE, 1532 E Ave., National City, CA 92050, 477-2320 JACKSON, JOHN & ELLEN, 11558 Rolling Hills Dr., El Cajon, CA 92020, 579-1084 JOHNSON, JOHN, 105 Gabriel Cove, Munford, TN 38058 JOHNSON, MICHAEL & KELLY, 4218 60th St., San Diego, CA 92115, 583- 5119 KAISER, KIRSTIE, c/o Hoyt USA, 475 N.Neil Armstrong Rd., Salt Lake City, UT 84116-2881 KEMP, BRUCE, 9420D Carlton Oaks Dr., Santee, CA 92071, 449-7610, 225-7494 (work) KENNEDY, GEORGE, Invertebrate Paleontology, Los Angeles County Museum, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007 KING, BOB & JUNE, 4269 Hawk St., San Diego, CA 92103, 296-0574 KING, DAVID, 379 Rosecrans St., San Diego, CA 92106, 543-0305 KING, FRANK & HARRIET, 859 E. Vista Way, Vista, CA 92083, 726-2523 KOCH, BOB & WENDY, 1215 West Seldon Lane, Phoenix, AZ 85021 LAFORET, GEORGETTE, 176 Periwinkle Park, Sanibel, FL 33957 LAGRANGE, JOHN & LINDA, 533 North Rios, Solana Beach, CA 92075, 755-7215 LEONARD, FRED L. , 800 North 41st Ave., Hollywood, FL 33021 LEVINE, ANNITA, 139-62 Pershing Crescent, Jamaica, NY 11435 LIGHTFOOT, JOANNE, P.O. Box 2295, Sedona, AZ 86336 LINDAHL, KEN & MARGE, 202 Grand Canal, Balboa Island, CA 92662 LUCUM, LOIS M. , 702 Alder, Edmonds, WA 98020 LUTHER, DOUG & MARY, 6034 Soledad Mtn. Rd. , La Jolla, CA 92037, 534-4739 MARTIN, CLIFFORD & CLIFTON, 324 Kennedy Lane, Oceanside, CA 92054, 757-1528 MCCLINCY, RICHARD J., 809 St. George Rd. , Danville, CA 94526 MCPEAK, RON & MARY, 7989 La Brusca Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008, 942- 3489 MEIER, JOHN, 4102 Wynford Circle, Pensacola, FL 32504 METZ, GEORGE, 121 Wild Horse Valley Dr., Novato, CA 94947 MICHEL, JOHN & NOLA, 4758 Mt. Cervin Dr., San Diego, CA 92117, 278- 9088 MULLINER, DAVID & MARGARET, 5283 Vickie Dr., San Diego, CA 92109, 488-2701 MUNEKATA, HIROSHI, 3385 Kita-toyama Komaki-shi, Aichi-Ken, 485 Japan MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, Dept. of Mollusks, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, Dept of Mollusks, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 MYERS, JOHN & BARBARA, 3761 Mt. Augustus Ave., San Diego, CA 92111, 279-9806 NEGUS, RICHARD H., 3401 Woodland Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008, 434-9808 NICOLL, MARK & FAMILY, 10246 Laffey Ct., Lemon Grove, CA 92124, 697-4535 NORRID, HAL & CHARLOTTE, 233 E. Cairo Dr., Tempe, AZ 85282 OLSEN, LEON, 3923 Ingraham, Apt. V207, San Diego, CA 92109, 274- 3 392 PERRIN, MARILYN, 10960 Via Abaca, San Diego, CA 92126, 586-0175 PISOR, DON & JEANNE, 10373 El Honcho PI., San Diego, CA 92124, 279- 9342 POORMAN, ROY & FORREST, 15300 Magnolia St. Sp. 55, Westminster, CA 92683 REED, WAYNE, 107 Murray St., Chula Vista, CA 92010, 691-8766 REGULA, MARY & STAN, 15838 Avenida Villaha #177, San Diego, CA 92128, 673-9110 ROBERTSON, WALLY & MARILYN, c/o 1137 Prospect St., La Jolla, CA 92037, 459-6858 S.I.O., C-075-C, University of California, LaJolla, CA 92093 SAGE, WALTER E. Ill, Dept. Marine Invertebrates, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park W. at 79th, New York, NY 10024 SANTA BARBARA MUSEUM (NH) , The Library, 2559 Puesta Del Sol Rd. , Santa Barbara, CA 93105 SCOTT, PAUL, Santa Barbara Museum (NH) , 2559 Puesta Del Sol Rd. , Santa Barbara, CA 93105 SEYBOLT,KIM, 2130 Oliver St., San Diego, CA 92109, 581-9220 SHASKY, DONALD R. , 834 W. Highland Ave., Redlands, CA 92373 SKINNER, DREW V. JR., P.O. Box 208, Bremerton, WA 98310 SKOGLUND, CAROL & PAUL, 3846 E. Highland Ave., Phoenix, AZ 85018 SMITH, VIVIENNE B., 16331 Porto Bello St. NW, Bokeelia, FL 33922 SQUIRES, RICHARD L. , 26800 Espuma Dr., Saugus, CA 91350 STEPHENS, SUSAN B., P.O. Box 217, 425 Lighthouse Way, Sanibel, FL 33957 STEWART, KATHERINE, 19 La Rancher ia, Carmel Valley, CA 93924 STOHLER, RUDOLF (Hon), 1584 Milvia St., Berkeley, CA 94709 TAYLOR, ROLAND & KAY, 2437 Aster St., San Diego, CA 92109, 274-2998 THOMAS, CHARLES & VIVIAN, 5253 Mt. Alifan Dr., San Diego, CA 92111, 277-4483 VALLI, ADRIAN & SHERRY, 940 Mariner St., Carlsbad, CA 92009, 931- 6629 VAUGHT, KAY, 12000 No. 90th St., Apt. 3038, Scottsdale, AZ 85260 VOKES, EMILY & HAROLD, Dept, of Geology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118 VON KRIEGELSTEIN, DOUG, 11288 San Juan, Loma Linda, CA 92354 VOSO, ED & HELEN, 1815 Sweetwater Rd. sp. 134, Spring Valley, CA 92077, 469-8308 WATERS, CHARLES, 1724 Esplanade, Apt. C, Redondo Beach, CA 902777 WEBER, GLADYS, 6439 West Myrtle Ave. , #79, Glendale, AZ 85301 WELTY, STEPHEN, Box 639, Dubois, WY 82513 WOODS, WILLIAM L. , Box 231397, San Diego, CA 92194, 234-9107 WOOLSEY, JODY, 3717 Bagley Ave. #206, Los Angeles, CA 90034 WUYTS, JEAN, 82 Koningsarendlaan , 2100 Deurne 4, Antwerp 22, Belgium YEEND, ARTHUR & MARGENETTE, 5668 Lord Cecil St., San Diego, CA 92122, 453-0531 YIN, BOB, 1275 Torrey Pines Rd. , La Jolla, CA 92037, 454-2342 YOUNG, HERB & WILMA, 14550 Stone Ave., North Seattle, WA 98133 ISSN 0738-9388 &.L. F'^fl Moih THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIII CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) TYeasurer FESTIVUS STAFF Larry Buck Tferry Arnold Richard Negus Kimberlyn Seybolt Margaret Mulliner March 14, 1991 SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. TUcker Abbott American Malacologists Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street Number: Editor Carole M. Hertz Photographer David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Family membership: $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Tferrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park 3 PROGRAM COMMON UNDERWATER LA JOLLA LIFE Dr. Bert Kobayashi, lecturer in marine biology an illustrated talk on the marine vertebrate and and head of the dive program, at UCSD will present invertebrate habitats in the La Jolla area. Shells of the month: miters and terebras Meeting date: March 21st CONTENTS Club news 20 Pterynotus (purpurellus) macleani Emerson & D’Attilio, 1969, found and lost at Loreto LARRY BUCK 21 Mousley Museum of Natural History (Shells & Minerals) RUTH M. WHITE 22 New distributional information for Periploma margaritaceum (Lamarck, 1801) and Pristes oblongus Carpenter, 1864 (Mollusca: Bivalvia) CAROL SKOGLUND 23 A new distribution for Lepidozona (Lepidozona) skoglundi (Ferreira, 1986) (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) BOB KOCH 25 Tvo new publications available 25 Page 20 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(3);1991 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - February 21, 1991 President Larry Buck opened the meeting promptly at 7:30 PM and after introductions of guests, explained the new meeting format-a short business meeting preceding the speaker, with refreshments and social time after the speaker. Members are welcome to arrive at 7:00 PM, thus providing an additional half hour of social time. This format is being tried to afford members who must leave early an opportunity to participate in Club business. After several meetings, members will be asked to decide which format they prefer. Pat Boyd had a selection of diff^erent sizes of plastic boxes, with prices, and asked members to sign up if they were interested in purchasing them. If there is enough interest, she will order them. Terry Arnold (235-8181) asked members to contact him if they were interested in dive trips. Ray Calabrese gave a brief introduction to a new Club project, "Molluscan Data Bank." More information will follow. After brief reports from officers and committee chairpersons, Terry Arnold introduced the speaker for the evening, Ray Calabrese who spoke on the family Conidae. Ray’s talk was a cone fancier’s paradise; beautiful slides, taken by Ray, of rare and wondrous cones and illustrations of color forms of many Conus species with information on the many synonyms erected by the overzealous. Some of the beautiful specimens shown in the slides were also available as part of Ray’s display. Somehow the mini-auction of books was forgotten in the new meeting format and will be held at the March meeting instead. Cookies for the refreshment time were provided by the Hillises and the Hutsells. Bob Hillis won the door prize. Additions to the Membership Roster Anderson, Roland, Seattle Aquarium, Pier 59, Waterfront Park, Seattle, WA 98101 Auckland Institute «& Museum, Serials Dept., The Library, Private Bag, Auckland 1, New Zealand Bender, Carol, 78 Leanna St., Chula Vista, CA 92011, 427-4261 Goldberg, Richard, P.O. Box 137, Fresh Meadows, NY 11365 Rice, Tom, P.O. Box 219, Port Gamble, WA 98364 Romer, Bill, 3249 Towser, San Diego, CA 92123, 278-2389 Schoening, Bob & Leslie Dykstra, 10831 Charles Dr., Fairfax, VA 22030 Change of address Buck, Larry & Toni, 2411 El Amigo Rd., San Diego, CA 92014-3118, 792-5404 The Annual Auction/Potiuck April 20, 1991 The annual Auction/Potiuck, the Club’s fun- filled social event and fundraiser, will be held on Saturday evening April 20th. Wes Farmer has again offered to host the event at the clubhouse of his condominium. (A map will be included in the April issue of The Festivus.) Festivities will begin at 6:00 PM with a social hour and opportunity to view the shells available for auction. The silent auction will also be open at this time. The potluck dinner will begin at 7:00 PM followed by the auction at 8:00 PM. A signup sheet for potluck contributions was available at the February meeting and will again be on the table at the meeting in March. You will also be contacted by the phone committee which will coordinate the event. A thank you to Paula and George Barton, Mary and Stan Regula, and Vivian and Charles Thomas who volunteered for this important committee. Your quality specimen shells are much needed to make this auction a success. Please bring your donation to the March meeting or to a board member-or arrange for its pickup with a Club member. Remember, besides being the favorite event of the year, proceeds from the auction support Club projects such as The Festivus, student awards, library purchases and donations to scientific publications. Don’t miss the fun! Vol. XXIII(3): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 21 PTERYNOTUS (PURPURELLUS) MACLEAN! EMERSON & D’AITILIO, 1969, FOUND AND LOST AT LORETO LARRY BUCK 2411 El Amigo Rd., San Diego, California 92014-3118 Pterynotus (Purpurellus) macleani is thought by some to be a rare or deep-water form of Pterynotus (P.) pinniger (Broderip, 1833). See illustration of holotype in Keen (1971, fig. 1010). The type locality is the Loreto channel (trawled in 25 fathoms) in the Sea of Cortez (Emerson & D’Attilio, 1969). Until recently, I had never had an opportunity to examine this species. During a Club outing in Baja California in that very same area in October 1989, many San Diego Shell Club members saw this species for the first time. What follows is the story of that amusing, sad and frustrating encounter. It all started on a night dive; the same night Adrian Valli was speared by a fast-moving, airborne, needlefish. (Adrian was standing in the boat holding a flashlight while the needlefish was underway-the fish’s spear broke off, remaining in Adrian’s flesh.) Anyway, two boats filled with shell club members were out that night searching for shells. We stopped at a place where I had found my world- record size Malea ringens (Swainson, 1822) the previous year. I hoped it was a lucky spot. Most of us came up from the dive with little but Spondylus princeps Broderip, 1833. But I could tell by Jeremy Hutsell’s broad smile that he had found something unusual. He explained that on close examination of a crack in a large boulder at 45 feet, he found what we all thought was a small, but perfect, Pterynotus (P.) pinniger-his first of that uncommon species. Back at camp we all had a good look at the shell under the light. It was a mature, fully formed specimen, much smaller and broader than any I or the others had seen before. I put the pressure on Jeremy, offering to trade him anything and everything under the sun, but to no avail. Jeremy snapped a couple of photos (Figure 1) and then tucked the shell away in a container of sea water Figure 1. Pterynotus (P.) macleani Emerson & D’Attilio, 1969 with other live creatures. The next afternoon Jeremy came to us with an anguished look on his face. His "pinniger” was gone! It seems that either he or someone else had changed the water in the container and had "thrown out the baby with the bath water." We all looked and looked, but in vain. After returning home and examining Jeremy’s photos we thought his specimen might have been a P.(P.) macleani. As a result, Kim Hutsell (Jeremy’s dad), John Jackson and I went to the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History one morning to study the holotype of P. (P. ) macleani. We saw a Page 22 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(3): 1991 striking similarity. After studying many specimens of P. (P. ) pinniger. I’m convinced that the height to width ratio of that species in addition to its size at maturity is consistently different from that of Jeremy’s specimen and that the specimen Jeremy lost at Loreto was P.(P.) macleani. Further study of specimens from this and other areas could show P.(P) macleani to be a form of P. (P. ) pinniger. You can bet we’ll give it our further attention. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My thanks to Jeremy Hutsell for allowing me to use his photo and to the staff at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History who were so helpful to us. LITERATURE CITED EMERSON, WILLIAM K. & ANTHONY D’ATTILIO 1969. Remarks on the taxonomic placement of Purpurellus Jousseaume, 1880, with a description of a new species (Gastropoda: Muricinae). The Veliger 12(2):145-148, pis. 26-27, 2 text figs. KEEN, A MYRA 1971. Sea shells of tropical west America. 2nd ed., Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, CA 1064-1- pp., illus. MOUSLEY MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY (SHELLS & MINERALS) RUTH M. WHITE 25652 Mead Street, Loma Linda, California 92354 Who would believe that a shell museum would be nestled in the foothills of the San Bernardino mountains....several hours from the ocean....in Yucaipa, San Bernardino county of California. It’s worth a visit. Louis Mousley and his wife Mildred spent their later years in this community. After many collecting trips and miles of world travel they had accumulated a large shell collection as well as mineral specimens and Indian artifacts. Mr. Mousley decided to build a museum to house the many collections. The building was completed in 1960. It took another ten years to organize the specimens, label them, and build the lighted display cases. In 1970, the museum was given to the San Bernardino County Museum to become one of six satellite facilities and was opened to the public. One interesting exhibit is the "touch and feel" table with various shells and minerals for children to examine and touch. This is popular with the school children who come on field trips to the museum. Shell collectors will find exhibits of growth series; color variations for selected shell fossils of many types; miniature shells, rarities and specimens from various oceans of the world which enable theviewer to compare color and size differences of a single species found in many localities. There is a colorful section devoted to land snails. Other sea creatures such as starfish, sea horses, sea urchins, and corals add interest for those who are underwater enthusiasts. The molluscan family Conus probably has the largest number of species to be seen. Shell collectors will find all shells identified and a majority have collection data. However, the museum does not have as an objective the scientific study of mollusks. Books on mollusks are available for reference use on site. The museum holds some 65,000 shells, fossils, minerals and other artifacts; shells occupying the largest part of the exhibition. It is enjoyed by collector and nature lover alike. Members of the Yucaipa Shell Club, which meets at the museum on the third Sunday of the month from 2:00-4:00 PM (except July, August, and December) are docents at the museum. To reach the museum from San Bernadino, take Interstate 10 east to the Yucaipa Boulevard exit, turn left and drive toward the mountains until you reach Bryant Street. Turn left and watch for signs to the museum which is on the corner of Bryant and Panorama. Turn right on Panorama, then left into the museum parking lot. Vol. XXIII(3):1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 23 NEW DISTRIBUTIONAL INFORMATION FOR PERIPLOMA MARGARITACEUM (LAMARCK, 1801) AND PRISTES OBLONGUS CARPENTER, 1864 (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA) CAROL SKOGLUND 3846 E. Highland Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85018 Periploma margaritaceum (Lamarck, 1801) (Figure 1) was known only from the western Atlantic until Bernard (1989) reported the specimens Paul and I dredged at Bahia Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico. Between 1973 and 1979, we also dredged this species at Punta Raza, Nayarit; Caleta Los Angeles, Bahia Tenacatita, and Bahia Cuastecomate, Jalisco, Mexico. It was always taken on mud bottoms. Depth ranged from 2 to 20 m. The species is established along the Mexican coast from southern Nayarit to southern Jalisco. Pristes oblongus Carpenter, 1864 was reported from Monterey, California, to Baja California, Mexico, by Abbott (1974) and at Puerto Lobos, Cape Tepoca, Sonora, Mexico, by Skoglund (1974). It has also been taken by me near Punta Pelicano, Bahia la Cholla, Sonora (Figures 2,3), and near Punta La Gringa, Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico. It was found in leathery polychaete worm tubes under rocks, at low tide. Previous literature I had seen suggested it lived on chitons (Abbott, 1974:474) I thank Paul H. Scott, of the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, for confirming the identification of the Pristes, and Figure 1. Periploma margaritaceum (Lamarck 1801), 10 mm L, taken at Caleta Los Angeles. Bahia Tenacatita, Jalisco, Mexico Figure 2. Pristes oblongus Carpenter, 1864, 3.5 mm L, taken at Bahia La Cholla, Sonora, Mexico, interior view Page 24 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(3): 1991 Paul Skoglund for the photographs. Literature Cited ABBOTT, R. TUCKER 1974. American seashells; the marine Mollusca of the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of North America, 2nd ed.. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 663 pp., 24 pis., numerous text figs. BERNARD, FRANK R. 1989. Living Periplomatidae of the Pacific and Indo-Pacific regions ( B i V a 1 V i a : Anomalodesmata). Venus (Jap. Jour. Malac. ) 48( 1 ) : 1 - 1 1 ; figs. 1-17. SKOGLUND, CAROL 1974. Intertidal marine Mollusca of Cape Tepoca, Sonora, Mexico. Unpublished Masters Thesis: 69 pp. Arizona State University. Figure 3. Pristes oblongus Carpenter, 1864, exterior view of specimen illustrated in Figure 2 TWO INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS ANNOUNCED The Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Malacologia will be held in Caracas, Venezuela, July 15-20, 1991 at the campus of Sim6n Bolivar University. Two symposia are planned, one on general malacology treating aspects of biology, genetics, systematics and other areas of basic research on mollusks and the second on applied malacology treating aspects of molluscan management, mollusks as a natural resource, their medical importance, etc. For further information contact: Lie. Roberto Cipriani, Inst, de Tecnologia y Ciencia Marinas, Universidad Sim6n Bolivar - Apartado Postal 89000, Caracas 1080, Venezuela. Telephone: (02) 907-32-18. The First International Meeting on Geology of the Baja California Peninsula will be held April 4- 9, 1991 at the Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur in La Paz. The focus will be on completed projects in Baja California and especially on Baja California Sur. For further information contact Judy Terry Smith (415) 725-4395. Vol. XXIII(3): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 25 A NEW DISTRIBUTION FOR LEPIDOZONA (LEPIDOZONA) SKOGLUNDI (FERREIRA, 1986) (MOLLUSCArPOLYPLACOPHORA) Bob Koch 1215 W. Seldon Lane, Phoenix, Arizona 85021 Lepidozona (Lepidozona) skoglundi (Ferreira, 1986) was originally described as an Ischnochiton. It was known only from the type lot which was dredged in 1975 off Playa Novellero, Nayarit, Mexico, at a depth of 8 to 15 m. The small chitons ranged from 2.0 to 4.8 mm (Ferreira, 1986). Kaas & Van Belle (1990) placed the species in Lepidozona (Lepidozona). I have taken this species by dredging off Estero Morua, a few miles south of Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico on a sand bottom in 6 to 9 m. Several of the chitons were still in place on bivalve shell fragments. My specimens are about 2.0 mm in size. This extends the distribution northward several hundred miles to an area near the head of the Gulf of California, Mexico. I thank Carol Skoglund for identifying these specimens based on a comparison with her paratypes. Literature Cited FERREIRA, ANTONIO J. 1986. A new species of Ischnochiton (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from the tropical eastern Pacific. Veliger 28(4);448- 452; figs. 1-5 (Apr. 1). KAAS, PIET & RICHARD VAN BELLE 1990. Monograph of living chitons, vol. 4, suborder Ischnochitoninina: Ischnochitonidae: Ischnochitonininae (cont.), additions to vols. 1,2,3. E.J. Brill, Leiden, 298 pp. TWO NEW PUBLICATIONS AVAILABLE Systematic Revision and Suprageneric Classification of Trochacean Gastropods. 1990. By C. S. Hickman & J. H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Science series 35, pp. i-vi -1-1-169, 100 figs. This scholarly work rediagnoses the Trochacea as one of three superfamilies of Archaeogastropoda, encompassing 43 suprageneric groups; the other two superfamilies being the Pleurotomariacea and Fissurellacea. In the new suprageneric classification the Trochacea is divided into two main families, the Turbinidae and the Trochidae with a third provisional family (Skeneidae). The revised classification is based on new anatomical studies and is the "first treatment of Trochacea to provide comparative illustrations of external anatomy. comparative scanning electron micrographs of radular morphology, and comparative illustrations of ctenidial features." A Revision of the North American Freshwater Snail Genus Fontigens (Prosobranchia: Hydrobiidae). 1990. By R. Hershler, J. R. Holsinger & L. Hubricht. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, no. 509., Smithsonian Inst. Press, Washington, D.C., i-iii-fl- 49 pp., 37 figs. The revision of this genus of hydrobiid snails recognizes nine species (one of which, Fontigens morrisoni, is new) based on newly collected material and specimens in museums and in the Leslie Hubricht collection. V i- y. . .K -■■,.■), • ‘ir ■ •■ - I V.'^v ' , ■ ' • , '■■ii§4i £?•*':• ••.'-ViVsTTr ■ ISSN 0738-9388 £li- ‘{Ci FW J T H E F E S T I V U S ^ A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIII April 11, 1991 Number: 4 CLUB OFFICERS ■■■ i SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD President Larry Buck R. Tbcker Abbott Vice President Tferry Arnold American Malacologists Secretary (Corres.) Richard Negus Eugene V. Coan Secretary (Record.) Kimberlyn Seybolt Research Associate 'Eeasurer Margaret Mulliner California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio FESTIVUS STAFF 2415 29th Street Editor Carole M. Hertz San Diego, California 92104 Photographer David K Mulliner Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION William K Emerson Annual dues are payable to San Diego American Museum of Natural History Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Tbrrence M. Gosliner Family membership: $12.00; California Academy of Sciences Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; James H. McLean Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Address all correspondence to the Barry Roth San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Research Associate Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes The Festivus is published monthly except Tulane University December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM this issue: $5.00 plus postage. Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM COME TO THE AUCTION/POTLUCK! Saturday evening, April 20th 6:00 PM-? For details see page 27 and map on last page. There is no regular meeting this month. CONTENTS Club news .27 The present known distribution of Favartia guamensis Emerson & D’Attilio, 1979 DONALD R. SHASKY 28 Pteropurpura festiva (Hinds, 1844) RICK NEGUS 29 A special olive shell JOHN JACKSON 31 Rosemary and her sea shells HELEN DUSHANE (as told by Rosemary Adams) 32 Map for detaching Page 27 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(4): 1991 CLUB NEWS Come to the Auction/Potluck The Club’s annual auction/potluck will be held at the clubhouse at Wes Farmer’s condo on Saturday evening April 20th. [See map and directions on last page of this issue.] Festivities will begin at 6:00 PM with "Dave’s Punch" and soft drinks during which time members will be able to view the auction material (auction bidding lists will be available) and begin the bidding for items in the silent auction. Dinner will begin at 7:00 PM with the auction starting promptly at 8:00 PM. The auction/potluck is the Club’s biggest social event and only fund-raising affair of the year. Its proceeds fund Club projects such as The Festivus. donations to scientific programs, the Club library, etc. The help of all members is needed to make the auction a success. Support the Club by donating to and/or buying shells at the auction. If you have not been contacted, call Carole Hertz (277-6259). Some of the very special items for auction this year are: Haliotis roberti, Cypraea artuffeli, Pterynotus phyllopterus, Spondylus linguafelis and a D’Attilio drawing. If you’ve never attended a Club auction, you’re in for a whale of a good time! From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - March 21, 1991 Terry Arnold conducted the meeting in the absence of President Larry Buck. Guests were introduced and a short business meeting followed. Donations were requested for the upcoming auction on April 20th. Contact Margaret Mulliner (488- 2701) or Carole Hertz (277-6259). Jules Hertz shared articles of interest from publications received for the Club library which include American Conchologist. Of Sea and Shore, and Apex. These publications are available in the Club library. A mini-book auction was conducted during which two supplements to The Veliger were sold. The San Diego Natural History Museum has recently faced some severe budget cuts. Due to these cuts, they are requesting contributions to help continue subscriptions to various scientific publications. The San Diego Shell Club will be donating subscriptions to the following: The Veliger, Basteria, and The Nautilus. Funds for these subscriptions were sent along with a letter from the Club expressing our dismay at the way the Museum has cut back funds for science. Donations for additional subscriptions for malacological publications are still needed. If you wish to donate, contact Carole Hertz (277-6259). The Club has four color photographs on display in our meeting room in the Casa del Prado. The four beautiful photographs are by Wes Farmer, Ken Lindahl, Alex Kirstich and Bob Yin. These photographs will be rotated at a future date. If you have a photo you would like to donate for future display, contact a board member. Dr. Burt Kobayashi was the distinguished speaker of the evening. Dr. Kobayashi is a Lecturer on Marine Biology at UCSD and Director of their dive program. He is also an Instructor/Evaluator for Scuba Schools International and has taught many of the local San Diego diving instructors. The topic of his presentation was marine vertebrates and invertebrates in the La Jolla Shores Preserve. Dr. Kobayashi’s presentation was complete with a variety of slides. His slides began with an aerial view of the preserve area. Then he took us under the waves and deep into the canyons with slides of many of the life forms, plant and animal. One of the more interesting discussions involved sea pens. These small pen-like animals can be seen growing up from the bottom of the sea floor in relatively shallow depths. By day they do not seem that spectacular, but at night if touched they set off a blue spark. If touched a second time, the individual again sets off a blue spark. If touched yet a third time, all of the members of the colony will spark. It is said to be a remarkable sight. Dr. Kobayashi left us with an interesting parting comment. "When diving, focus on one species only. Try to catalog its characteristics and behavior. Spend time on its habitat. I find this the best way to recognize and learn about different species." Kim Seybolt Additions to the Roster Finer, Ruth, Max & Neal, 4141 North 31st St., Condo #304, Phoenix, AZ 85016 Mendes, Eve, 5959 N. 78th St. #234, Scottsdale, AZ 85250-6154 Nelson, Lois, 1310 W. Palmaire Ave., Phoenix, AZ 85021 Upton, Virginia, Box 2228, Sierra Vista, AZ 85636 [We apologize for mistakenly omitting Virginia Upton from the 1^1 roster. Ed.] Vol. XXIII(4): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 28 THE PRESENT KNOWN DISTRIBUTION OF FAVARTIA GUAMENSIS EMERSON & D’ATTILIO, 1979 DONALD R. SHASKY 834 Highland Avenue, Redlands, California 92373 The purpose of this paper is not to address the taxonomy of Favartia guamensis Emerson & D’Attilio, 1979, but rather record the known sites where it has been found. It should be pointed out, however, that the taxonomy has been questioned by Dr. Emily Yokes, who thinks that this species has characteristics that are not typical of the genus Favartia and that "generic assignment is difficult." She also suggests that Murex crouchi Sowerby, 1893, from Mauritius is an older name. Sowerby’s figure is poor. Yokes illustrates the type of M crouchi and similarities do exist (Yokes, 1985). M. crouchi is about twice as large as F. guamensis and is white, rather than red or orange. I became interested in this complex after collecting an 8.4 mm live specimen of F. guamensis (PI. 1, figs. 1, 2) at a depth of 60 feet off Sipidan Island, Sabah, Malaysia in June 1990. Sipidan Island is in the Celebes Sea (Sulu Sea). The shell was a bright red color. I placed it in alcohol with other shells from that dive and on returning home I dried all of this material. Once dry, I examined the lot and could not find the F. guamensis until I had sorted through the material three times. The reason that I couldn’t find it is that I was looking for a red shell, and now it was black. Upon microscopic examination, I saw that there was an encrustation covering the shell. After soaking it in diluted bleach, it was red again. I presume that the encrustation was a red sponge that blackened in alcohol. It would be interesting to know if this species feeds on sponge. The shell was found in the coarse grunge after screening the material from the bottom of my collecting bag. (Those of you who know me realize that I vigorously shake all of the coral slabs and rocks inside my collecting bag. I find many specimens of numerous species in that fashion.) In addition to the Sipidan Island specimen, I am aware of specimens from the following localities: 1. 30-80 feet outside of Jokaj Passage, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. September 16, 1987. Leg. Doug Yon Krieglestein. Shasky Collection. 2. Abs #83-121 and 83-122. On boulders at 50 feet Oceanside dropoff, Kwajalein Atoll, Marshall Islands. April 1983. Leg. Mack MacDonald. 3. Abs #84-1396. Under coral blocks, Tautira, Tahiti, French Polynesia. Leg. Marescot. 3A. I have recently seen two additional specimens from Tahiti in Michael Boutet’s Museum in Papara, Tahiti. Specimens of F. guamensis from Guam have appeared on dealers’ lists for some time and a recent price list of marine shells (January 1991) from Stan Jazwinski lists both F. guamensis and F. crouchi from the Marshall Islands. Nothing is mentioned about the color. I wish to express my gratitude to William K. Emerson of the American Museum of Natural History for key references and to Bob Foster of Abbey Specimen Shells, Santa Barbara, California for data from the records for Kwajalein and Tahiti and to Dave Mulliner for his excellent photographs of the Sipidan Island specimen. Literature Cited EMERSON, WILLIAM K & ANTHONY D’ATITLIO 1979. Six new living species of muricacean gastropods. Nautilus 93(1):1-10, figs. 1-21. SOWERBY, GEORGE B. 1893. Description of twelve new species, chiefly from Mauritius. Proc. Malac. Soc. London 1:41-47, pi. 1. YOKES, EMILY H. 1985. Those amazing Mactan muricids (and some of their friends). COA Bull.l3(2):29-34, figs. 1-2, pis. 1-4. Page 29 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(4): 1991 PTEROPURPURA FESTIVA (HINDS, 1844) RICK NEGUS 3401 Woodland Way, Carlsbad, California 92008 Pteropurpura festiva was first collected and later described as Murex festivus by Richard Brinsley Hinds Esq. in 1844. Hinds was a surgeon in the Royal Navy attached to the research vessel H.M.S. Sulphur during an around-the-world expedition in the years 1836 to 1842. The species was collected during that expedition at Bahia Magdalena, 175 miles north of present-day Cabo San Lucas, Baja California, Mexico, while dredging in seven fathoms on a sand bottom (Hinds, 1844a). Current records put the northern limit of P. festiva at Morro Bay, California (Abbott, 1974), and Bahia Magdalena at the southern end (McLean, 1978). It is collected intertidally to 75 fathoms on rocks and pier pilings. The normal size is between 40 and 50 mm with the world’s record at 67.4 mm (Wagner & Abbott, 1990). The earliest fossil records of P. festiva are found in the late Pleistocene deposits at Punta Baja, Punta Cabras and at the Mexican border (Emerson & Addicott, 1953, 1958 & 1959). The specimens figured here were collected in Los Angeles Harbor on pilings in 5-15 feet. The original description was published in Latin in the Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London in March, 1844, but the species was not figured until Hinds (1844b) redescribed and figured it in "The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur." He did not, however, figure one of the two syntypes (Keen, 1966). His description closely resembles the shell in Plate 1, figure 5, the usual color and pattern for P. festiva. The other color varieties and shell forms found in the same populations with the usual form are the white, and yellow/gold varieties (PI. 1, figs. 6, 7). These vary from pure white to a rich yellow/gold with little or no incised lines on the body whorl; the wide banded variety with bands around the entire shell as well as only on the body whorl (PI. 1, fig. 8); the high spired form, occasionally found with a bent spire usually as a result of an injury, as seen in (PI. 1, fig. 9) are uncommon and quite distinct. Besides being the namesake for the San Diego Shell Club’s publication. The Festivus. it is a very beautiful and varied shell as shown by these exceptional specimens. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Charlie Waters for the loan of the specimens figured in this article, Dave Mulliner for the excellent photographs and Carole Hertz for research materials. LITERATURE CITED ABBOTT, R. TUCKER 1974. American Seashells, 2nd ed.. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., NY. 663 pp., 24 color pis., over 6,000 text figs. EMERSON, WILLIAM K & WARREN O ADDICOTT 1953. A Pleistocene invertebrate fauna from the southwest comer of San Diego County, California. Trans. SDSNH XI(17):429-444, map. 1958. Pleistocene invertebrates from Punta Baja, Baja California, Mexico. Amer. Mus. Novitates, No. 1909:1-11. 1959. Late Pleistocene invertebrates from Punta Cabras, Baja California, Mexico. Amer. Mus. Novitates, No. 1925:1-33. HINDS, RICHARD BRINSLEY 1844a. Description of some new species of Scalaria and Murex, ft^om the collection of Sir Edward Belcher.,.Proc. Zool. Soc. London for 1843. pp. 124-129. (March) 1844b. The zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Sulphur, under the command of Capt. Sir Edward Belcher...during 1836-1842, London, Mollusca, pt. 1:1-24, pis. 1-7. (July) KEEN, A MYRA 1966. West American mollusk types in the British Museum Natural History) II. Species described by R.B. Hinds. Veliger 8(4):265- 275, pis. 46 & 47, 6 text figs. MCLEAN, JAMES H. 1978. Marine shells of southern California, revised ed., Nat. Hist. Mus. LA Co., Sci. ser. 24, 104 pp., 54 figs. WAGNER, ROBERT J.L, & R TUCKER ABBOTT 1990. World size records 1990, Standard catalog of shells, suppl. 4. American Malacologists, Melbourne 80-1- pp. If*. Vol. XXIII(4): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 30 arj a TD *-> ‘O ^ a o; CX CX iJ ^ cd (u i Es I , a .-t; •£ Si-1 \C ^ 'Q 2; s g .2 & ^ r=3 S Wr ! ••rW' iLi. ' • ’ ^l•V^^sS»- '' '-'**•1. st..,.', ■” -'I.;- ••• -«ifiS• "■■ A? - , ;, 'i. j '-<.V i V^'’it. '\ ■ ' V' , | \ ' ' A I \ .'•V ■ ki 'V > -^v •«- .Vj' - ' '.« ,- /■ A A t f . «ttw A- ■ - , J*.«*tt*a«»a ~*ssw^A--i .,A,W^A,7.Ai*iW.»«»a'v«iAw«iiS^^^ iw»j«i^iwst ISSN 0738-9388 THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIII May 9, 1991 Number: 5 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) TVeasurer FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Photographer Larry Buck Tbrry Arnold Richard Negus Kimberlyn Seybolt Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Family membership: $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. •Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Thcker Abbott | ^ American Malacologists J) Eugene V. Coan - ~ r-; Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Tferrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM DIVING INDONESIA-AND MOLLUSKS TOO Ron McPeak, manager of marine biology at Kelco and award winning underwater photographer, will give an illustrated talk on his experiences diving in Indonesia. Club Science Fair winner Edgar Gutierrez will give an overview of his winning project, "Genetic Variability of Cerithidea califomica in Southern California." Shells of the month: Muricidae (murexes) Meeting date: May 16, 1^1 CONTENTS Club news 34 Occurrence of Fartulum orcutti (Dali, 1885) on detached polychaete tubes JULES HERTZ 35 The Festivus announces Supplement 2 to Volume XXII (1990) 36 Chama arcana Bernard, 1976, reported in the Gulf of California, Mexico (Mollusca:Bivalvia) CAROL SKOGLUND 37 A question of size: a note on dwarfing in Typhisopsis coronatus and Typhisala grandis BOB KOCH 39 Map for detaching Page 34 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(5): 1991 CLUB NEWS Come to the Bizarre Bazaar--May 19th On Sunday afternoon May 19th, beginning at 1:00 PM, the third annual Bizarre Bazaar will take place in the Hertz’s back garden at 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego (See map on last page.) Members and guests are invited to bring shells and something to place them on and enjoy an afternoon of serious admiring, trading, buying and "talking" shells. It’s a social occasion so come and join the fun. For further information call Carole Hertz (277-6259). The Annual Auction/Potiuck It was a fantastic party. About fifty members and guests gathered at Wes Farmer’s clubhouse and enjoyed a bounteous potluck and "Dave’s punch." Everyone was in the mood for a spirited auction, and with the visiting Hank Chaney drafted as auctioneer the auction was destined to be a rousing and fun-filled success-which it most certainly was! Many people helped to make the auction the success that it was. Our grateful thanks first to Wes Farmer who hosted the auction for the fourth year in a row and then to the Club members who organized the party, bagged the shells, set up and cleaned up-and bought the shells. Following are the names of those who generously contributed the shells which made the auction possible: Terry Arnold, Edward & Patricia Boyd, Twila Bratcher, Billee Brown, Larry Buck, Larry Catarius, Anthony D’Attilio, Wes Farmer, Ian Hamilton, Carole & Jules Hertz, Michael Hollmann, Bob & Leah Hillis, John Jackson, Mike Johnson, Marge & Ken Lindahl, London Associates, Margaret & Dave Mulliner, Barbara Myers, Rick Negus, Don & Jeanne Pisor, Wally Robertson, Don Shasky, Silver Sea, Carol Skoglund, Roland & Kay Taylor, Doug von Kriegelstein and Bob Yin. 1991 Science Fair Winner Chosen by Club The San Diego Shell Club, a participant in the Greater San Diego Science and Engineering Fair since 1973, chose as its 1991 winner, Edgar Gutierrez, an eleventh grader at Chula Vista High School. His winning project, "Genetic Variability of Cerithidea califomica in Southern California," also won a first place in Zoology and is an alternate in the senior sweepstakes. Edgar will give the Club an overview of his project and receive his Club award at the May meeting. Edgar has chosen the book INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY by Robert D. Barnes. Additions to the Roster Change of address David & Felicia Berschauer, 5072 Antietam Ave., Los Alamitos, CA 90720 New members Dianne Druiy, 691 Sand Castle Dr., Cardiff CA 92007 Lynn Fitcher, c/o Geology Dept., James Madison University, Harrisburg, VA 22807 The Club’s Annual San Miguel Dive Trip August 18-19, 1991 Reservations must be made ahead to reserve a place on the Club’s annual dive trip to San Miguel Island on Sunday and Monday August 18 and 19, 1991. The diveboat "Peace," complete with hot tub, will leave Ventura Harbor very early on the morning of the 18th. It is suggested that you be in the area the night before. Weather permitting, all diving will be done at San Miguel Island. (You need not be a diver to go on the trip.) For further information contact either Terry Arnold (619) 235-8181, Larry Buck (619) 792-5404, or Rick Negus (619) 434-9808. Vol. XXIII(5): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 35 OCCURRENCE OF FARTULUM ORCUTTI (DALE, 1885) ON DETACHED POLYCHAETE TUBES JULES HERTZ 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 While turning rocks in the mid-tide zone at the north end of Tourmaline Surfing Beach, Pacific Beach, San Diego, California on 31 December 1990, I discovered a small segment of tubes of sand and gravel grains cemented together which is typical of the housing for some polychaete worms. There were two holes visible at each end. The segment of tubes, shown in Figure 1, is 34 mm long. I placed the tubes in salt water when I got home and continued to view it for several days. There were approximately 15-20 specimens of Fartulum orcutti (Dali, 1885) moving in and out of small holes along the length of the cemented sand tubes. Figures 2 and 3 show enlargements of some of the surface areas of the tubes and the nestling caecids therein. The caecids did not appear to move from one spot to another, but appeared rather to move in and out of the holes in the external surface of the cemented sand tubes. The approximate length of Fartulum orcutti is 2 mm. Figure 1. Fartulum orcutti nestling in detached polychaete tube. Photography: David K. Mulliner Figure 2. Detail of nestling caecids. Photography: David K. Mulliner Page 36 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(5): 1991 On 10 February 1991, I returned to the same area to see if I could once again find the Fartulum orcutti. I did find the cemented sand tubes, but this time there was no evidence of the Fartulum. However, packed among these tubes was a large amount of loose sand and small rock and in this material were a number of live Caecum califomicum Dali, 1885. Figure 3. Fartulum orcutti, detail of nestling specimens greatly enlarged. Photography: David K. Mulliner THE FESTIVUS ANNOUNCES SUPPLEMENT 2 TO VOLUME XXII (1990) With this issue, subscribers to Vol. XXII (1990) will receive Supplement 2, "Additions to the Panamic Province Bivalve (Mollusca) Literature - 1971 to 1990" by Carol Skoglund. TTiis 74+ page supplement updates the Panamic bivalve literature since the publication in 1971 of Keen’s SEA SHELLS OF TROPICAL WEST AMERICA As Carol Skoglund states in her introduction, "The purpose of this paper is to draw together as many bivalve citations as possible and tie them to the fauna at the species level so that each reader can make his/her own final judgments." Supplement 2 will be available to those who were not subscribers in 1990 at $10.00 each. For postage, add $1.00 domestic, $2.00, overseas surface, and $5.00 overseas airmail. To order, send your check to The San Diego Shell Club at the address shown on the cover page of this issue. Vol. XXIII(5): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 37 CHAMA ARCANA BERNARD, 1976, REPORTED IN THE GULF OF CALIFORNIA, MEXICO (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA) CAROL SKOGLUND 3846 E. Highland Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85018 Chama arcana Bernard, 1976, is a distinctive species with a translucent shell known from Yaquina Point, Oregon, to Bahia San Juanico, on the west coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico. In Oregon and California (Figure 1), it occurs from the low intertidal level down to 50 m. In the southern end of its distribution, it is always subtidal, down to 80 m (Bernard, 1976). Paul and I dredged this species (Figures 2, 3) near Punta La Gringa, Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California from 21 to 40 m in May of 1976. They were attached to mussel shells. We also have a lot from about 23 km south of Santa Rosalia, Baja California, Sur, Mexico. The shells were attached to Spondylus brought up by local divers. A third lot came from off Bahia San Nicholas, Baja California Sur, Mexico. The shells were brought up in nets by local fishermen. This would extend the known distribution of the species to within the Gulf of California on the eastern side of Baja California. Photographs are by Paul Skoglund. LITERATURE CITED BERNARD, FRANK R. 1976. Living Chamidae of the eastern Pacific (Bivalvia: Heterodonta). Natur. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles, Contrib. Sci. 278:1-43; figs. 1-12 (Aug.30) Figure 1. Chama arcana Bernard, 1976. Length 43 mm. Crown Point, Mission Bay, San Diego, California, on bridge piling. Leg. C.M. & J. Hertz. Page 38 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(5): 1991 Figure 2. Chama arcana. Length 57 mm. Dredged off Punta La Gringa, Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico by C. & P. Skoglund Figure 3. Chama arcana. Ventral view of shell in Figure 2. Vol. XXIII(5): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 39 A QUESTION OF SIZE: A NOTE ON DWARFING IN TYPHISOPSIS CORONATUS AND TYPHISALA GRANDIS BOB KOCH 12115 West Seldon Lane, Phoenix, Arizona 85021 In 1987 Anthony D’Attilio published an article in The Festivus [vol. 19(4):32-35] describing "dwarfish" sized specimens of Typhisala grandis (A. Adams,1855) from approximately 12 to 14 mm in length. The shells were dredged at Playas del Coco, Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. He further commented that, "Unlike Typhisala grandis specimens of Typhisopsis coronatus (Broderip, 1833) which were collected at the same time and in the same locality.. .show no dwarfing." We have had the pleasure of dredging in this delightful locale on four occasions (most recently in March of this year). The results are a total of 15 specimens of Typhisala grandis and 37 Typhisopsis coronatus. My smallest "mature" appearing T. grandis is about 15 mm, not quite as small as mentioned by D’Attilio. The largest measures 29 mm versus 39 mm for a large specimen as cited by Keen (1971) in SEA SHELLS OF TROPICAL WEST AMERICA. However, the T. coronatus specimens are a different story. Of the "adults" the largest is approximately 30 mm versus a Keen size of 40 mm, while the smallest is about 17 mm. D’Attilio (1987) found no dwarfing in T coronatus. Whether the latter would qualify as dwarf-sized I leave to the experts, but at least it can be observed that there is a good degree of variability in the adult size of this species also. FOR YOUR INFORMATION Belgian Society for Conchology Announces an International Shell Show The Belgian Society for Conchology is celebrating its 30th anniversary with a shell fair and auction which will be held on May 12, 1991, at Aarschot in the Damian Institute. There will be mini-exhibitions, movie, auction and a gigantic international fair. For further information contact R. de Roover, F. Verbieststr. 9/6, 2030 Antwerp 3, Belgium. The Indianapolis Shell Club Announces a Shell Show The Indianapolis Shell Club announces that it is hosting the Ninth Midwest Regional Shell Show to be held at the Southlake Mall, Merrillville, Indiana from September 13-15, 1991. For further information contact Jack Gilbody, President, 621 Hillcrest Ct., Kokomo, IN 46901 or call evenings or weekends (317) 452-2711. From Hiway 5 take Balboa Ave . exit. Balboa to Mt. Everest Blvd. Right onto Mt. Everest Go two blocks. Right onto Mt . Blanca for one block. Left onto Mt. Blackburn--mid-block , left side*. ^ oj H COHE TO THE BIZARRE BAZAAR X I. -■'f i ' I ■ i X •• ' .(.wwM:/- ’ i".;-- . J- ' i';V 4v-, ,il' '0 O * J , 'S’ i*! xfi • >1' ) ‘ ,w '0 t'j fr ' 555 ') i '■ ;to •i.’''' ''A''"’ rq: •i 0 '-•‘f 0 ■■■•* o ' <«' - Is- f »’ -“•• ?; '.^: '>•> .• Q iS- A- .^; 'V ^ ‘ A 'v.V'{ '-.A > ' W A '- . » ’ }' . - V • ' ■.!0 " ' ' • ■' .V-' k vX'fe xa ' \ ' , A '•■; ,D i'! -a ■X^ V'. '^. r^, m ‘n 7 . ‘f-A tv'i h u^; fX T tjd' n ■ a uj Q. « n ' ■-»' 'Xx .» UJ V-J -.^!.r? •T 1 ' A'\ Jtrt^ > «V 1 .ri',j >■->■• ',"1 <~'S 0 n 'A' tj 'X-T. 't ^ "A ■:- •■ r;," ' *■ ■<■:, {"i '"i •q- n »;:, v6 t-; V:;; . a -■ Z ■(» . 4tv|- 3 rf 1 .q ‘«' ':t; j " T) :.' r- ^‘•1 LT n Tj* "vf. •• t A ft ^ 0 '’■) iH'S ,;' "V' ■J3..*Q W’ ^jtj' ■A* 'Sil< !> . 4 » rv (?♦ ’'<•' “fi ■’'■ :s) - : fi q' i’ I $?■ J 'A' ■>!!', ‘■"Sv; ■>. i, MV ., •• ■ ":i'" ■’.^V '^■*''^^*i^' ifci f'lOil, ISSN 0738-9388 THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIII June 13, 1991 Number: 6 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) TVeasurer FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Photographer Larry Buck Tferry Arnold Richard Negus Kimberlyn Seybolt Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Family membership: $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Tlicker Abbott American Malacologists Eugene V. Coan /' Research Associate I California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Tbrrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM THE PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND CLEANUP Ace Parnell, professional diver, dive instructor cleanup and will give a slide presentation on the and urchin fisherman, worked on the Exxon Valdez cleanup and its effects. Shells of the month: California shells Meeting date: June 20, 1991 CONTENTS Club news 41 Panamic puzzles: a didymous Terebra petiveriana? BOB KOCH 42 Pterynotus (Purpurellus) macleani Emerson & D’Attilio, 1969, found and retained at San Carlos RICHARD J. McCLINCY 45 Panamic range extensions for Drillia (Gastropoda: Tlirridae) CAROL SKOGLUND 47 Page 41 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(6): 1991 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - May 16, 1991 Larry Buck conducted the meeting and George Zorillo won a Spondylus regius at the "Get there by 7:30" raffle. Roy Mahoff and Becky Aparicio from Mulege were introduced and a short business meeting followed. Larry announced that the Christmas party will probably be on Saturday, December 14th and that we still need a place to hold the September party. Beginning in 1991, Club dues will be raised to $12. There will no longer be a distinction between single and family memberships. Overseas membership will be $15 for surface mail and $25 for air mail. Terry Arnold announced that there are still openings for the dive trip to San Miguel Island in August. The cost is approximately $189. Contact Terry [235-8181] before long because he will open the trip to the public soon. Terry announced that the Club’s new project now has the official name, "Marine Field Study Project of the San Diego Shell Club." A logo is still needed. Tony D’Attilio spoke briefly about murexes [shells of the month] and the fine work done by Roland Houart of Belgium in describing new species. Edgar Gutierrez, this year’s Science Fair winner, was introduced to the Club. Edgar brought his exhibit and gave an overview of his project, "Variability of Cerithidea califomica” after which he was presented with the book. Invertebrate Zoology by Robert Barnes. Ron McPeak, manager of marine biology at Kelco, was the speaker of the evening. In his presentation, "Diving in Indonesia-and Mollusks too," Ron shared his map and fascinating slides with us. He had pictures of the islands, the native people and the boat he was on, the Tropical Princess. His numerous underwater slides included many colorful species of coral with beautiful shapes and textures, tridacnas with their blues and greens, gorgeous nudibranchs, rays, puffer fish, and sponges, some 4-5 feet tall. George Zorillo shared information about diving and vacationing in Cozumel. He recommended traveling independently rather than on a package deal stating that with a package, a luxury hotel costs $120-180 per night and if you find your own moderately priced hotel, the cost is approximately $35-40 per night. Remember that there is no collecting in Cozumel. George does not recommend going to Cozumel if you don’t dive. Following the program, there was socializing and refreshments with cookies provided by the Bartons and the Hertzes. Kim Seybolt New Members Ron Mahoff & Rebecca Aparicio, Apartado Postal #27, Mulege, Baja California Sur, Mexico The Third Annual Bizarre Bazaar The third annual shell bazaar was great fun. The Hertz’s patio was filled with tables set up with shells for trade, sale or display and from 1:00 to 4:30 PM about twenty people wandered from table to table "making deals" and discussing and admiring each other’s shells. Beverages and snacks were available and members and guests sat, nibbled and talked shells between their wheeling and dealing. The Bazaar has certainly become a regular part of the Club’s calendar, enjoyed by all who attend- lookers and traders alike. Announcement of New Book on Marginellas The newly published Marginellas by Robert Lipe is available. Announced as a complete guide to the Marginellas, this SVi x 8Vi paperback has "250 species illustrated on 18 black and white plates. 18 species illustrated on color cover. Some synonymies given. Shells from each region are pictured together in actual size. Additional plates enlarge tiny species for easier identification." Price is $15.95 (postage free with prepayment). Send check or money order payable to: The Shell Store, 440 75th Ave., St. Petersburg Beach, FL 33706. Vol. XXIII(6): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 42 PANAMIC PUZZLES: A DIDYMOUS TEREBRA PETIVERIANA^ Bob Koch 1215 West Seldon Lane, Phoenix, Arizona 85021 The Terebridae is one of my favorite families in the Panamic Province, notwithstanding the occasional frustration afforded this amateur in attempting to identify some of these beauties. One such enigma arises from an apparent look-alike of Terebra />e/;VcnVtna'fDeshayes, 1857. As described by Bratcher (1979) and Bratcher and Cernohorsky (1987), T. petiveriana reaches 46 mm in length, has a "columella recurved with two folds" and a nucleus 'of "3 to ?>Vi slender whorls." The color is "usually gray to brown, with whitish subsutural band, rarely monochromatic flesh to beige." 'b’’'’ Aside from a number of individually collected shells, I have just tJiree sets with a fair number of specimens all exhibiting the features ascribed to T. petiveriana by Bratcher and Cernohorsky. The color patterns in each instance are similar - a light grayish brown or beige with a whitish band. All are probably subadults to juveniles as none approach a 46 mm size. But most importantly, those which retain the nucleus evidence the slender, glassy 3 to 3*/2 whorled protoconch. The most northern lot is from Bahia Banderais off La Cruz de Huanacaxtle, Nayarit, Mexico (Figures 1-3), kindness of Carol and Paul Skoglund who dredged them at 20 to 60 ft. on a mud bottom. Only one of the 13 shells has lost the protoconch. The largest specimen is just over 20 mm in length, the smallest about 6 mm. A lot of 8, protoconchs intact, was collected intertidally on sandy mud flats at Farfan Beach, near Panama City, Panama (Figures 4-6). The largest is some 24 mm, the smallest 15 mm. Lastly, a group of 26 shells, all crab inhabited, were dredged at 10 to 30 ft. off Playas, Guayas Province, Ecuador (Figures 7-9). The sizes range from 31 mm down to 15 mm, though only 12 retain the protoconch. The color patterns of the three sets are quite similar - a light grayish brown or beige with a whitish subsutural band. Now -for " the puzzlement. In 1986 the Skoglunds and Kochs visited Isla de Coiba, Panama, and dredged off this island and the adjacent smaller, landward Isla Rancheria. (Incidentally, this is the type locality of Terebra rancheria Bratcher, 1988.) The Kochs returned the following year for another go. The result was some 80 plus, nucleus intact, specimens of a petiveriana look-alike (Figures 10- 12). The largest is close to 30 mm in length, the smallest 13 mm. Most were dredged in coral sand at 10 to 50 ft., although a few small shells were taken at 5 to 30 ft. on sandy mud in a large bay on Isla de Coiba. To my eyes the sculptural features blend right into the petiveriana lots, although, just possibly, the first 5 or 6 teleoconch whorls display a somewhat finer, more delicate appearance. The aperture is similar, having a recurved columella with two folds. The color patterns are the same except for three monochromatic shells of bright white (decollated), light orange and beige. All in all. I’d assign these to petiveriana except for one glaring dissimilarity - -a blunt 2 or 2V2 whorled protoconch (Figure 12), distinctly different from the slender 3 or 3*/2 whorled nucleus of Terebra petiveriana (Figures 3, 6, 9). So what do we have here? Don’t know. Possibly another tantalizing Terebra? ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My thanks, always, to Carol Skoglund for sharing so much of her material, to Carole Hertz for her constructive criticism and correspondence with Twila Bratcher in my behalf and to David Mulliner for his expert photographic assistance. My appreciation to Twila Bratcher who found this problem of "malacological interest" and who gave valuable suggestions. LITERATURE CITED BRATCHER, TWILA 1979. Taxonomic changes in eastern Pacific Terebridae with the description of a new species (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Veliger 22(l):61-64, figs. 1-12 (July 1). - & WALTER O. CERNOHORSKY 1987. Living Terebras of the world. American Malacologists, Inc., Melbourne, Rorida, pp. 1-240, color pis. A-F + pis. 1-68. Page 43 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(6): 1991 Figures 1-3. Terebra petiveriana Bratcher & Cemohorsky, 1987. Bahfa Banderas, Nayarit, Mexico, dredged in 20-60 ft. by C.& P. Skoglund. (1) 3 specimens from lot of 13 shells (2) specimen shown in center in Fig. 1 (3) protoconch of specimen in Fig. 2. Photos: D.K. Mulliner Figures 4-6. T. petiveriana. Farfan Beach, Panama, collected intertidally by B. & W. Koch. (4) 3 specimens from lot of 8 (5) specimen at left in Fig. 4 (6) protoconch of specimen in Fig. 5. Photos: D.K. Mulliner Vol. XXIII(6): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 44 Figures 7-9. T. petiveriana. Playas, Guayas Province, Ecuador, dredged in 10-30 ft. by B. & W. Koch. (7) 3 specimens from lot of 26 crabbed shells (8) specimen shown at right in Fig. 7 (9) protoconch of specimen in Fig. 8. Photos: D.K. Mulliner Figures 10-12. T. petiveriana look-alike. Isla de Coiba, Panama, dredged in 10-50 ft. by B. & W. Koch. (10) 3 specimens from a lot of 80-1- specimens (11) specimen shown at right in Fig. 10 (12) protoconch of specimen in Fig. 11. Photos: D.K. Mulliner Page 45 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(6); 1991 PTERYNOTUS (PURPURELLUS) MACLEANI EMERSON & D’ATTILIO, 1969, FOUND AND RETAINED AT SAN CARLOS RICHARD J. McCLINCY 809 St. George Road, Danville, California 94526 In an earlier issue of The Festivus (Vol. XXIII(3):1991) Larry Buck described Jeremy Hutsell’s tragic loss of what was thought to be a specimen of Pterynotus (Purpurellus) macleani collected on a night dive near Loreto. I have been witness to a few such accidents before, especially when collectors tried to change stale water from a bucketful of shells while hanging off the back end of a boat in deep water. More importantly, I had the good fortune to find a specimen of P. (P.) macleani myself several years ago. The interesting point about Jeremy Hutsell’s find was that it occurred in a habitat almost identical to the one in which I collected a similar specimen -- a habitat where I have never collected Pterynotus (P. ) pinniger (Broderip, 1833). My collecting of P. (P.) pinniger only became successful about ten years ago in the San Carlos, Sonora area. The first specimen I found was so badly encrusted and worm-eaten that there was no reason even to pick it up, except that it was my first. Since then I have found 30 to 40 specimens in the Gulf, all of which show a fairly consistent shape and size. Each was fully adult and had seven postnuclear whorls; none measured less than 60 mm in length. Shell color varied from almost pure white through forms with various amounts of brown and lavender, to several specimens of a nearly uniform, deep chocolate brown. The most frequent habitat in which I have collected P. (P.) pinniger around San Carlos is in sand between small rocks on a rubble bottom at about 20 meters depth. Most were partly buried with only the dorsal varix exposed. A few specimens were collected from the surface of bare rock reefs at the same depth and all but one was alive. In June 1983 my wife and I took our little boat out to the south side of Isla Santa Catalina, just outside Bahia San Carlos, and anchored in the Figure 1. Pterynotus (Purpurellus) macleani. Length: 37 mm. Location: Bahia San Carlos, Sonora, Mexico. Leg. R. J. McClincy narrow channel between the island and Punta Doble. This is an interesting spot because within a radius of about 100 meters a wide variety of shells can be found in many different habitats. Bottom conditions range from the rocky intertidal to rubble and rock walls down to about 20 meters where sand starts at 10 to 30 meters. That day I was looking for Oliva porphyria, which can be found all around the island below 10 meters. The dive was moderately successful and I swam back to the base of the island to finish my air close to the boat. Having drawn the last breath, I started to slowly rise against the rock cliff when I spotted a small hook-shaped varix protruding from the Vol. XXIII(6); 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 46 coralline algae covering the vertical cliff face at 18 meters depth. I made a quick U-turn and swam back down to what I had seen and plucked whatever it was loose before resuming my ascent. It wasn’t until I had reached the surface that I noticed what appeared to be a juvenile P. (P.) pinniger in my right hand. My wife Pat had noticed that my bubbles had stopped some time before and she was anxiously staring in my direction when I said, "Look what I found on my way up." We showed the live shell to another collector who was staying in the same motel, and he said it must be a juvenile "pinniger” because the "other one" was very rare and would not be found by SCUBA. To make a long story short, I contacted both Anthony D’Attilio and William Emerson about the specimen and sent each a set of photographs, measurements and collecting data. Both responded positively that my specimen appeared to them, from the photos, to be P. (P.) macleani. Neither have seen the actual specimen which measures 37 mm long. I still have my doubts about the existence of two separate taxa, especially since the soft parts are identical in appearance. Each shows a pale cream surface covered with small, closely spaced light brown spots. The doubts might be alleviated if someone can come up with a growth series of each. 1 have never seen even a juvenile specimen of P. (P.) pinniger let alone one of P. (P.) macleani-, the small specimens of P. (P.) pinniger from Panama notwithstanding. My sympathies to Jeremy Hutsell for his misfortune, since I would like to compare my specimen to another. Some day I hope to drop into the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History and examine the holotype. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Anthony D’Attilio and William K. Emerson, both of whom took the time to examine my photos and respond to me so promptly. LITERATURE CITED EMERSON, WILLIAM K. & ANTHONY D’ATTILIO 1969. Remarks on the placement of Purpurellus Jousseaume, 1880, with a description of a new species (Gastropoda: Muricinae). The Veliger 12(2):145-148, pis. 26-27, 2 text figs. THE FESTIVUS-BACK ISSUES AND SUPPLEMENTS AVAILABLE Back issues of The Festivus from 1976 to the present year are available at $10.00 per volume (year). Earlier years (1970-1975) can be made available with volumes either partially or entirely xeroxed. These volumes also are available at $10.00 each. Following are the supplements available. 1990. (Supplement 1) Additions to the Panamic Province Opisthobranchia (Mollusca) Literature 1971 to 1990 by Carol Skoglund, (27-1- pages) $5.00 + postage ($1.00 USA, $2.00 overseas surface, $3.00 airmail). 1990. (Supplement 2) Additions to the Panamic Province Bivalve (Mollusca) Literature- 1971 to 1990, by Carol Skoglund (74-1- pages) $10.00 + postage ($1.00 USA, $2.00 overseas surface, $5.00 airmail). 1988. An Illustrated Catalogue of the Family Typhidae Cossmann, 1903, by D’Attilio & Hertz (73 pages, 109 figures) $10.00 -I- postage ($1.00 USA, $2.00 overseas surface, $5.50 airmail). 1986. A Faunal Study of the Bivalves of San Felipe and Environs by Gemmell, Myers & Hertz (72 pages, 109 figures) $8.00 -f- postage ($1.00 USA, $2.00 overseas surface, $5.00 airmail). 1883. Illustration of the Types Named by S.S. Berry in his "Leaflets in Malacology" by CM. Hertz (42 pages, 92 photos) $6.00 -I- postage ($1.00 USA, $2.00 overseas surface, $3.00 airmail). Page 47 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(6): 1991 PANAMIC RANGE EXTENSIONS FOR DRILLIA (GASTROPODA: TURRIDAE) Carol Skoglund 3846 E. Highland Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 85018 A recent day spent with Roy Poorman checking over Drillia species in our collections produced the following range extensions. The numbers used are from McLean in Keen (1971). 1618 Drillia (Drillia) clavata (Sowerby, 1834). Dredged by both of us at Bahia Santiago, Colima, at a depth of 30 to 35 meters and by Skoglunds at Punta Mita, Nayarit, Mexico, at 4 to 5 m. This extends the distribution north from Costa Rica. 1619 Drillia (Drillia) cunninghamae McLean & Poorman, 1971. Dredged off Isla Danzante, Gulf of California, Mexico, in 60 to 90 meters by the Skoglunds. This extends the distribution across the Gulf and south from Sonora, Mexico. 1627 Drillia (Clathrodrillia) salvadorica (Hertlein & Strong, 1951). Dredged by the Skoglunds off Gulfito, Puntarenas Province, Costa Rica, in 6 to 7 meters. This extends the distribution south from El Salvador. LITERATURE CITED McLEAN in KEEN, A. MYRA 1971. Sea shells of tropical West America: marine mollusks from Baja California to Peru. Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, Calif, i-xiv+1064 pp.; ca 4000 figs.; 22 color pis. &L ecies of kelp. of kelp. Figure 17. Amphissa versicolor Dali, 1871. cies Page 57 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(7): 1991 Figure 21. Mitromorpha carpenteri Glibert, 1954. Length: 6.0 mm, from holdfasts of Eisenia arborea and Macrocystis pyrifera. Figure 23. Nudibranchia sp. undet.. Length: 8.0 mm, from holdfast of Macrocystis pyrifera. Figure 22. Conus califomicus Reeve, 1844. Length: 8.0 mm, pyrifera. Figure 24. Octopodidae sp. undet.. Length: 20.5 mm, from holdfast of Macrocystis pyrifera. Vol. XXIII(7): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 58 AMWAY’S "REDU"-A CURE FOR RUST-STAINED SHELLS LARRY BUCK 2411 El Amigo Road, San Diego, California 92014-3118 Until now I have found it impossible to remove rust-colored stains on any shell specimens without the undesirable use of acid. Many shells are plagued with this staining such as deep-water volutes, our local bivalves and species in the Muricidae. Now, through a discovery by one of our members, Doug Von Kriegelstein, we can. The miracle agent for accomplishing this is the Amway product "Redu." The product description states it is "a rust stain remover" for "all-white washable fabrics only." Its active ingredient is sodium hydrosulfate; an evaluation of the pH of the Redu in solution form shows it to be basic and not an acid. A ten-ounce bottle costs about $7.00 in the powder form. Shells can be cleaned in a solution of "Redu" (one tablespoon dissolved in two cups of warm water)-in some cases in as little as several minutes. It may take longer, even two days, for others. "Redu" does have a deleterious effect on some shells, causing an opaque look on glossy shells and on the glossy, colorful apertures of other shells when left soaking for an extended period of time. You should never need to treat glossy shells and you must be careful with colorful shells. At this point, I have not determined how long "Redu" retains its effectiveness in solution. Those of us who have tried this cleaning method feel it is definitely preferable to quick acid dipping or brushing. With this method, shells come out looking completely natural but minus the rust stain. Experiment first with your "dog" shells to satisfy yourself that the treatment works. According to Doug, his Amway representative said the company is in the process of reformulating the product to improve it. I’m sure the company doesn’t have shells in mind and I hope it remains effective for our use. Perhaps, you might want to buy an adequate supply of the existing formulation to avoid worrying about the upcoming change. I would be interested in hearing of any other methods that work, as well as results obtained with the "Redu" method. Let us know of any discoveries that can benefit all of us. Now what we have to do is find a miracle process for cleaning the animal tissue from Terebra. My many thanks to Doug Von Kriegelstein for sharing his discovery with us. FOLLOW-UP ON FARTULUM ORCUTTI (DALL, 1885) JULES HERTZ 3883 Mt. Blackburn Avenue, San Diego, California 92111 In the May 1991 issue of The Festivus. I described finding Fartulum orcutti (Dali, 1885) in a small segment of polychaete worm tubes in the mid- tide zone at the north end of Tourmaline Surfing Beach, Pacific Beach, San Diego, California. On June 16, 1991, I was once again at the same beach, turning rocks in the low to mid-tide zone at a -1.0 foot tide. The 4-8 inch rocks were covered on the upper surface with algae but were rather bare on the lower surface and were on a coarse sand and gravel substrate. Several of these rocks had their under-surfaces completely covered with large quantities of F. orcutti. A sample of approximately 20 specimens was observed under a microscope. Most were live, but a few shells were inhabited by hermit crabs. It appears that F. orcutti occurs under rocks sitting on a coarse substrate in the low to mid-tide zone and the previous observation of them in a dead polychaete tube was a fortuitous event. # : -■'*■ ■; • ,.: . 'yn§m: ■ •>' ■ ■ ■ .. .mzM^ K ' »• ■> : -'v ’ . ' „ ' ’.inm ;W.', v-t-'-v:' , .'■’ j *:.■ ';■■• »..••-• •■'!• ',S /•Jfft. ■ . vr’’ ;••■'•■ ■■ "'v^ .tA ‘A/' ■■' V&l ,.*N' .'■ \v .' '■ , ■ /' ,y ■: ’ :'' A’fe'-ifV'''' '■ ' i' v^;- . 'nj ' ■ ^r.'. •■■ . ' ; V. ,’ '-•;' •.' ■ y, ' ■ ■)/ . '■ ’ ••■' ■■ . :-■ '■- i'vt, , rte , II ■' fl '., '■ ■ V Wi?'- ■■■ ^':■iV- :- •: ^"^4’ ;s': j..; 4-'.f ■';;'7^ . '■ '•< n 1 . ■ ■ I'f*’ -■■ ■"‘V.*'''Ji,i,'/. ■:■■*' *i M ;;i; ’'^'7; ,'. -' ' X: ... 1^''^ --•■•■ -7.T. •- ' ' ■ ;■ 4iV' ' '■*. ' " S s SiC' . ' %■ ■■ /'■ •'•■ . ./.j' ' -;.:.;4''A, ;.. " , ' ■ •> "‘.p;., ■- -^p:\ , vy. iW'i Dnr. :iiHL . . A . ••zz>Mi»iw«n '! '-'4 liiM. * ISSN 0738-9388 Ql HOI THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIII August 8, 1991 Number: 8 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) Treasurer FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Photographer Larry Buck Tferry Arnold Richard Negus Kimberlyn Seybolt Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Family membership: $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Tlicker Abbott American Malacologists Eugene V. Coan . Research Associate / California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Tferrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM AN EVENING AT SCRIPPS AQUARIUM Hugh Bradner will host this evening at Scripps Following the tours there will be a Gyotaku Aquarium. Members will be treated to a tour of demonstration and member participation. See Page the aquarium, and tours of backstage as well as the 60 for details, collections and exhibits. Meeting date: August 15, 1991 CONTENTS Club news 60, 66 Terebra argosyia alive and well in Panama. TWILA BRATCHER 61 A new distributional record for Poirieria (Pazinotus) advenus (Poorman, 1980) Mollusca: Gastropoda. CAROL SKOGLUND 63 Book news: Living Shells of the Caribbean and Florida Keys reviewed. ANTHONY D’ATTILIO, reviewer 64 Joint annual meeting of the AMU/WSM JULES HERTZ 65 Page 60 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(8): 1991 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - July 18, 1991 The meeting started promptly at 7:30 PM. Following introduction of guests, there were several announcements. The date for the Christmas party is December 14th and the Fall party will be held on September 21st [See this page]. Terry Arnold announced that there are still several slots available the San Miguel Dive Trip, August 18-19, 1991. Call Terry (619-235-8181) for further information. San Diego Shell Club mugs will soon be available for sale. The beautiful mugs, illustrating local shells, were on display at the meeting. Prices will be announced at the next meeting and orders will be accepted. Hugh Bradner informed members that the August meeting will be at Scripps Institution of Oceanography [See this page for details]. Kim Hutsell asked for a volunteer to be in charge of special door prize raffles. Periodically, a second door prize (by raffle) is given at the meeting and only those arriving ^ 7:30 PM are eligible to win. A volunteer is needed to be in charge of the tickets and the prizes. Contact either Larry Buck 792-5404 or Kim Hutsell 295-8330 if you will serve. Larry reminded the membership that a new dues schedule will be in effect beginning in 1992. All domestic memberships will be $12.00, eliminating the individual and family membership categories. This will greatly simplily bookkeeping and all memberships will include the family. To cover the increased postal costs, overseas memberships will be raised to $15.00 (surface mail) and $25.00 air mail. The speakers for the evening were John Jackson and Larry Buck who gave an entertaining report on their recent Western Australia Odyssey. John traced their route from Pt. Coulombe, 100 miles north of Broome to southern Western Australia and narrated, with beautiful slides (some of mollusks with animals extended), the highlights of their trip. It was most interesting for those who have not been to Western Australia to see the coastline and landscape of the area. Following the slides and narrative on their "Odyssey," John showed a series of slides on the Zoila group of cowries and discussed the current thinking on the species in this subgenus. His beautiful slides of these stunning cowries included friendi, venusta, rosselli, marginata, decipiens, jeaniana and several others considered to be subspecies by some workers but only color variations by others. After their presentation, members viewed the beautiful display of Australian shells brought by Larry and John and enjoyed the social hour and the refreshments furnished by John Bishop and Adrian Valli. The August Meeting at Scripps Institution of Oceanography For the August meeting "An Evening at Scripps Aquarium" arranged by Hugh Bradner, members will meet at the aquarium entrance promptly at 7:00 PM. Parking is available on La Jolla Shores Drive or at metered places adjacent to the aquarium. There will be a tour of the aquarium, as well as a backstage view and tours of the collections and exhibits. Following this there will be a Gyotaku (fish printing) demonstration. To participate in printing, bring a T-shirt, tea towel etc. Also you may choose to bring any patterned shell, such as a scallop, or other marine life like a gorgonian for printing. The September Party The September party with a Mexican theme will be held on Saturday evening September 21st. It will be hosted by Debbie and Larry Catarius in their garden. The festivities will begin at 6:00 PM. As is customary at the autumn parties, the potluck contributions will be a part of the theme. Menu suggestions and sign-up sheet will be available at the August meeting, and members will be contacted by phone. Mark your calendars. Map and details will be on the last page of the September issue. Vol. XXIII(8): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 61 TEREBRA ARGOSYIA ALIVE AND WELL IN PANAMA TWILA BRATCHER 8121 Mulholland Terrace, Los Angeles, California 90046 Terebra argosyia Olsson, 1971, has remained one of the rarest of Panamic terebrids. In addition to the holotype, I had seen only one specimen. That one had been collected at 50-100 feet at Isla La Plata, Ecuador, in September 1978, by Don Shasky. Dredging at Islas Cebaco and Gubernadora in Panama with James (Jimmy) Ernest in January 1989, produced a number of specimens of this species. At first I thought they might be a hybrid between T. omata Gray, 1834, and T. robusta Hinds, 1844. They have features of both species. I realized, however, that there would not be a colony of hybrids, so every time I looked at them I put them away to work on "later". Later finally came. It is amazing that I had failed to recognize them because I had photographed the holotype of T. argosyia (Figure 1) and the specimens exactly matched the description I wrote for Living Terebras of the World which is as follows: "Size to 71 mm; color cream with 3 rows of brown spots per whorl, 4 on body whorl; outline of whorls almost straight; protoconch unknown; subsutural band faintly noded, defined by deep groove on early and middle whorls, becoming progressively weaker; followed by a second weaker band; axial ribs strong on early whorls, becoming progressively obsolete; mature whorls divided into 3 slightly convex bands separated by spiral grooves; body whorl with 3 rows of brown dots and a somewhat broad brown band anterior to the periphery; aperture quadrate; columella recurved, with 2 plications; siphonal fasciole with heavy striations." The protoconch is no longer unknown. Although usually it is missing, one of the individuals dredged at Isla Cebaco (Figure 2) shows a protoconch of four whorls (Figure 3). There were enough specimens dredged to see that the species is variable. For instance, some of the spots are very round and slightly larger than those of the holotype and the Ecuadorian specimen, while some tend to coalesce with the one above. In another variation Figure 1. Terebra argosyia Olsson, 1971. Holotype USNM 701160. Length: 71.4 mm, diameter 15.0 mm. Type locality: Isla la Plata, Ecuador. (found in two of the specimens) the brown band anterior to the periphery of the body whorl is broken into spots. Perhaps we will find that this species is more prevalent than we believed it to be. ACKNOWLEDGMENT My thanks to David K. Mulliner for the photographs of two specimens from Panama and the detail views of the protoconch. Page 62 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(8): 1991 LITERATURE CITED BRATCHER, TWILA & WALTER CERNOHORSKY 1987. Living Terebras of the World. American Malacologists, Inc. Melbourne, FI. 240 pp., 268 figs. GRAY, J.E. 1834. Enumeration of the species of the genus Terebra. Proc. Zool. Soc. London Pt.2:59-63. HINDS, R.B. 1844. Monograph of the genus Terebra-, Bruguiere. Thesaurus Conchyliorum. G.B. Sowerby, London 1:147-190, pis. 41-45. OLSSON, AXEL A 1971. Mollusks from the Gulf of Panama collected by RA^ John Elliott Pillsbury, 1967. Biol. Results, of Univ. of Miami Deep-Sea Expeditions. 77. Bull. Marine Sci. 21(l):35-92, 103 figs. Figure 2. T. argosyia. Two specimens dredged in Figure 3. T. argosyia. Two views of protoconch of Panama at Isla Cebaco in 11-12 m in sand and specimen (at left) in Figure 2. broken shell. Specimen at left with protoconch. Photos: David K. Mulliner Vol. XXIII(8): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 63 A NEW DISTRIBUTIONAL RECORD FOR POIRIERIA (PAZINOTUS) ADVENUS (POORMAN, 1980) (MOLLUSCA: GASTROPODA) CAROL SKOGLUND Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, California 93105 Pazinotus advenus Poorman, 1980, is known only from the type material which was taken off Bahia San Carlos, Sonora, Mexico at 100 meters. The genus was changed to Paziella (Pazinotus) by Yokes (1983), then to Poirieria (Pazinotus) by Yokes (1984). Paul and I dredged a 16 mm empty shell off northeast Isla Danzante, on the Baja California Figure 1. Poirieria (Pazinotus) advenus (Poorman, 1980). Apertural view of 12 mm specimen dredged by Margaret & David Mulliner off Isla Danzante, Gulf of California, in 45 m. side of the Gulf of California, Mexico, in October 1985 at a depth between 60 and 120 m. In October 1990, David and Margaret Mulliner dredged a live, 12 mm specimen on the south side of the island in 45 meters (Figures 1, 2). I confirmed the identification by examining a paratype in my collection. Photos are by David Mulliner. Figure 2. P. (P.) advenus. Dorsal view of specimen in Figure 1. Photos: David K. Mulliner Page 64 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(8): 1991 LITERATURE CITED POORMAN, LEROY H. 1980. Two new molluscan species (Gastropoda; Muricidae from the tropical eastern Pacific. Veliger 22(4):361-363; figs. 1-4 (Apr. 1) YOKES, EMILY H. 1983. Update of Muricidae for "Sea Shells of Tropical West America": (as of June 1982). West. Soc. Malacol. Ann. Rept. 15:10-12 (Aug. 30). 1984. Comparison of the Muricidae of the eastern Pacific and western Atlantic, with cognate species. Shells & Sea Life 16(11):210-215. BOOK NEWS LIVING SHELLS OF THE CARIBBEAN AND FLORIDA KEYS By: Robert E. Lipe and R. Tucker Abbott. Published by; American Malacologists. 1991. Paperback, 6x9, 80 pages, 45 color plates, 70 photos of living animals Price: $8.95 This new book on a geographical area already well covered in a variety of hard and soft covered books is none-the-less a welcome addition to the sort of book one carries around while collecting or traveling in order to know what to look for. The Latin language used by scientists for the classification of the animal and plant worlds is apparently an insuperable obstacle for the casual collector and, thus, most books dealing with popular collector items, be it molluscan shells, butterflies, beetles etc., have returned to pre-Linnean times and the use of vernacular names. It is not easy to understand how shells from deep water, many of great rarity, come by vernacular names but such can always be suggested by inventive minds. The 80 pages in this book, in addition to the outside and inside covers, are chock full of color photos of excellent quality. As an added attraction, numerous species are shown with the molluscan animal extended as in life. These photos of the animals are of especial interest as their distinctive color and ornamentation might make closely related species identification simpler. Animal portions do not preserve well at all, and one must have recourse to available photographs such as those presented in this book. The Gulf of Mexico is not mentioned as the area covered but collectors stopping at Sanibel, St. Petersburg, etc. surely realize they are in the Gulf. Although most shells treated in this book are favorites of collectors or students, one genus native to Florida (and extending as far north as Maine) has been completely omitted. This group is the whelks (Busycon) and it would surprise me no end if any collector doesn’t have at least one left-handed whelk in his or her collection. Happily, this book should be of interest to Florida collectors especially - there is a whole new world of shells that is more or less restricted to the northern coast of Brazil and as far west as the Yucatan peninsula and beyond to Panama. Anthony D’Attilio Vol. XXIII(8): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 65 JOINT ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMUAVSM JULES HERTZ Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta Del Sol Road Santa Barbara, California 93105 The joint annual meeting of the American Malacological Union and the Western Society of Malacologists was held 30 June to 5 July 1991 at the Clark Kerr Campus, University of California, Berkeley. There were approximately 170 people in attendance for four full days of papers, including many concurrent sessions, as well as business, social, and field events. It was by far the best joint meeting of the AMUAVSM that this writer has attended, and this can be attributed to the excellent planning and arranging by Carole S. Hickman and Paul H. Scott the presidents of the respective organizations. The facilities were an ideal setting for the meeting, since the excellent dormitory accommodations were adjacent to the meeting rooms and the dining facilities. The main feature of the meeting was a multi- day bivalve symposium which had a truly international flavor and included speakers from Scotland, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Japan, United Kingdom, Canada, France, and Australia. A major disappointment was the cancellation by two scheduled speakers from Russia. The bivalve symposium included major sections on evolution and systematics, biology, ecology, and biogeography. The meeting included many contributed papers on such diverse subjects as molluscan taphonomy and paleoecology; taxonomy, classification, and phylogeny of marine mollusks; molluscan functional morphology, feeding biology, and behavior; history of the north Pacific molluscan fauna; etc. There were many outstanding papers. I was particularly impressed by the paper presented by Raymond Seed, University of Wales, entitled Systematics, Evolution And Geographical Distribution Of The Genus Mytilus. Dr. Seed convinced me that the shells I had always identified from southern California as Mytilus edulis Linne, 1758 were really Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819. Another paper which was of particular interest to the shell collectors in the audience as well as the professionals was Gary Rosenberg’s Preliminary Ideas Toward A Revision Of The Ovulidae (Gastropoda: Cypraeacea). Two papers presented in the Taxonomy, Classification and Phylogeny Session sent a mixed message. Richard S. Houbrick in his paper on Anatomy And Preliminary Generic Review Of The Bittium Group showed slides of specimens having considerable differences in shell characteristics but having the same anatomies and indicated that there was no shell feature that could be used consistently to separate the specimens. In the next paper. Potential Pyramidellid Paradigms, by John B. Wise, animals that had the same anatomical features had obviously different shell forms and it was the shell characteristics that thus distinquished the animals. There were many fine papers presented by students and this bodes well for the study of malacology. One that was particularly popular with the audience was Nassarid Gastropods As Destructive Agents In Marine Fish Taphonomy. TTie presentation by Douglas J. Long was very humorous and showed the rapid destruction of fish carcasses in the intertidal at San Felipe, Baja California, Mexico by Nassarius moestus (Hinds, 1844). It should be added that during the meeting there was a Dealer’s Bourse in which fine shells and books were available for sale and a two week Bivalve Workshop followed the annual meeting. All of the social events were well-planned and very successful. The meeting started with a Presidents’ Reception which was a California Wine and Buffet Supper, and this allowed all the attendees to mingle and renew acquaintances. The joint AMUAVSM auction, with its fine assortment of donated shells and books, was a social and financial success, but it was so as a result of a tremendous amount of work- cajoling, threats, etc.- by auctioneers Henry W. Chaney and Richard E. Petit. The Museum of Paleontology hosted a Dessert Reception which featured an excellent slide Page 66 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(8): 1991 presentation by Robert W. Schmieder entitled First Reconnaissance Expedition To Rocas Alijos, Baja California, Mexico. The Closing Banquet featured excellent food and a humorous presentation by Terrence M. Gosliner, " From Snails To Slugs: Parallel Slime Trails On The Evolutionary Tree." Refreshments for the auction and favors for the Closing Banquet were courtesy of the Northern California Malacozoological Club. The last day, the fifth of July, was reserved for a variety of field trips. ADDITIONS AND CHANGES TO THE ROSTER New Member Shea, Dennis & Elizabeth 926 Rainbow Falls Way Orange, CA 92665 Too Late for the Roster Webster, Herb & Mella 3402 1-A Ruby Lantern Dana Point, CA 92629 Changes of Address Bertsch, Hans 4034 S. Pacific Ave., #21 San Pedro, CA 90731 Calabrese, Ray & Angela 9154 NW 40th St. Coral Springs, FL 33065 Waters, Charles 308 S. Guadalupe Redondo Beach, CA 90277 ISSN 0738-9388 If Cl rm THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIII September 12, 1991 Number: 9 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) TVeasurer Larry Buck Tferry Arnold Richard Negus Kimberlyn Seybolt Margaret Mulliner FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Carole M. Hertz Photographer David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Family membership: $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Tljcker Abbott American Malacologists Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of t Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Tbrrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM The September Party - A Mexican Fiesta As is traditional, September is the month for the Club’s annual fall party. The party will be held on Saturday evening September 21st at the home of Debbie and Larry Catarius. For further details, see page 68 of this issue. A map with instructions is on the last page. There will be no regular meeting. CONTENTS Club news 68 Observations of Cancellaria cooperi Gabb, 1865, parasitizing two species of invertebrates. LARRY BUCK 69 Book news 70 Mactra (Mactrotoma) nasuta Gould, 1851, in Bahia Concepci6n. GENE EVERSON 71 A correction of the distribution of Favartia garretti (Pease, 1868). DONALD R. SHASKY 72 Map for detaching. Page 68 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(9): 1991 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - August 15, 1991 The site for this month’s meeting was the Scripps Aquarium. Thanks to the efforts of Hugh Bradner, Club members and guests were given a tour of the aquarium including a backstage view. Our tour began in the exhibit area with displays on topics such as El Nino, Long Range Weather Predictions, and Sea Floor Spreading. These are some of the areas of specialization of the research scientists. Over 220 PhDs are working at Scripps in the physical, geological and oceanic sciences. A tour of the aquarium followed. The aquarium is divided into geographic areas with fish and invertebrate species from local waters, species from the Pacific Northwest and species from Mexico. This aquarium has an "open system" meaning the water comes in directly from the ocean and then is sent back out again. The different tanks are kept at different temperatures with the tanks for local species kept at the current ocean temperature, while those with more tropical species are heated and those containing species from the Paciifc Northwest are refrigerated. We were then taken behind the scenes. Perched on a catwalk above the tanks, we were given a different perspective of the aquarium. Viewing an aquarium with all the cooling and heating pipes and other equipment is not nearly as glamorous as the view from below in front of the glass. What most of those attending would agree was the highlight of the evening followed next. Hugh had arranged for us to be taken to one of the adjoining classrooms and taught the Japanese art of gyotaku (fish printing). This consists of painting a fish (or in this case, shells as well) with acrylic paint, and then placing cloth (T-shirt, scarf, towel, etc.) on top of the fish and massaging the image on to the cloth. Everyone had fun capturing the shapes and textures of fish and shells onto the clothing they had brought. There was no business meeting. Kim Seybolt The Club’s September Party The September party with Mexican theme will be held on Saturday evening September 21st in the garden at the home of Debbie and Larry Catarius at 4173 Galt Street. (See map on last page for directions and instructions.) The festivities will begin at 6:00 PM. If you did not sign up for a food contribution (recipes for the Mexican dishes are available) or have not been contacted, call either Larry Buck (792-5404) or Carole Hertz (277-6259). The Club’s September parties are always great fun. Plan to come in your best Mexican finery and enjoy the food, music and amigos of the Club. Additions and Changes to the Roster New Members Blois, Marsden S. Ill, 1309 San Mateo Dr., Menlo Park, CA 94025 Carr, Walter, 2043 Mohawk Dr., Pleasant Hill, CA 94523 Carter, Joseph, Dept, of Geology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3315 Doi, Matthew S., 16209 Taylor Court, Torrance, CA 90504 Frank, Richard & Carolyn, 322 E. Wilshire Ave., Apt. B, Fullerton, CA 92632 Petit, Richard E., P.O. Box 30, North Myrtle Beach, SC 29582 Powell, Charles L. II, US Geol. Surv. M/S 915, 345 Middlefield Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025 Senckenbergische Bibliothek, Zeitschriftenabteilung/DFG, Bockenheimer Landstr. 134-138, D-W-6000, Frankfurt/Main, Germany The Club Roster for 1992 As a result of members’ interest, the Club roster for 1992 will include phone numbers, when available. Should you prefer that your phone number be omitted, please notify Carole Hertz at the Club address (see first page). Vol. XXIII(9): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 69 OBSERVATIONS OF CANCELLARIA COOPERl GABB, 1865, PARASITIZING TWO SPECIES OF INVERTEBRATES LARRY BUCK 2411 El Amigo Road, Del Mar, California 92014 Cancellaria cooperi Gabb, 1865, is a sand dweller that can be found at scuba diving depths off southern California. Off the Coronado Islands, Baja California, Mexico, where I frequently dive, specimens about 40 mm in length are usually found in depths of 80 feet or more. However, at greater depths C. cooperi can reach an impressive length of 112 mm. Its color pattern and spiny shoulder make it one of our more attractive and sought-after shell species. It has been known for the last several years that C. cooperi parasitizes the Pacific electric ray Torpedo califomica Ayres, 1855, off our California coast. John B. O’Sullivan, then of Scripps Institution of Oceanography, gave a presentation to the San Diego Shell Club in March 1986 in which he reported on his discovery (made with two other Scripps researchers). (See Festivus 18(4):52). They confirmed their findings in laboratory studies and O’Sullivan showed time-lapse films of the actions of C. cooperi when in proximity of the ray as well as slides revealing the snail locating it by chemosensory means, making small cuts on the ray’s ventral surface and inserting its proboscis into the wounds of the ray. The C. cooperi appeared to suck blood from the ray. He also told of C. cooperi feeding in this way on the angel shark Squatina califomica, but this behavior was observed only in the lab and he was unable to get them to feed on other bottom dwelling fish species. O’Sullivan’s work was later published (O’Sullivan et al, 1987). Phillips (1968) described C. cooperi in Santa Barbara waters "hitch hiking a ride on the back of a Shovel-nose shark." but did not observe any Figure 1. Cancellaria cooperi feeding on the sea star Tethyaster canaliculatus at the Coronado Islands. Arrow indicates the proboscis of C cooperi. Photo from a color slide by Richard Herrmann. Page 70 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(9): 1991 feeding. He added that at least two other divers had observed this behavior. About a year ago while scuba diving at the Coronado Islands with Mike Johnson and John Jackson, I discovered another prey of C. cooperi. I was swimming along the bottom at 90-100 feet when I came across a mollusk trail in the sand. The trail ended abruptly under a large red sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus (A. Agassiz, 1863), the urchin commercially harvested along our coast. I wondered where the mollusk that had made the trail was to be found and picked up the urchin. Attached to the ventral surface of the urchin, were three C. cooperi feeding. Since that time others have occasionally seen red sea urchins with this unwelcome molluscan guest. When I decided to write this article, I asked Mike Johnson, who frequently takes underwater photographs in that same area, if he could provide a photo for my article. He had none but suggested I try Richard Herrmann. I was surprised to find that Richard had observed and photographed a C cooperi feeding on the very large sea star Tethyaster canaliculatus (A.H. Clark, 1916) at approximately 80 feet at the Coronado Islands (Figure 1). I might also note that the fish and the sea star are voracious predators in their own right, sea stars being a scourge of the molluscan community. So here we have it: species of vertebrates (fish) and (echinoderms) - quite a surprising and varied menu for a molluscan species. My thanks to Mike Johnson for his help and to Richard Herrmann for letting me use his slide. LITERATURE CITED O’SULLIVAN, J.B., R.R. McCONNAUGHEY, & M.E. HUBER 1987. A blood-sucking snail: The Cooper’s Nutmeg, Cancellaria cooperi Gabb, parasitizes the California Electric Ray, Torpedo Califomica Ayres. Biol. Bull. 172:362-366, 1 fig. (June). PHILLIPS, JOHN 1968. In search of one of southern California’s rarest seashells. Tabulata l(4):3-4, 14, 1 fig. (April). BOOK NEWS New Book on European Shells Announced EUROPEAN SEASHELLS, VOL. I By: Guido T. Poppe & Yoshihiro Goto Approx. 330 pages, 40 color plates plus b&w photos and drawings. 7 X 10, section-sewn, hardcover. Publication date: 1991 Price: DM 98, plus postage and handling. It is announced that this first volume of European Seashells provides a checklist of approximately 1,800 species in the Polyplacophora, Caudofoveata, Solenogastres and Gastropoda from the Barentz Sea to the Canary Islands and from the Mediterranean and Black Seas. "Many species are discussed extensively, including range and habitat, distribution, synonymy and comparison with similar species. For most other accepted taxa references for adequate figures are given.. ..a comprehensive bibliography and extensive index" are also included. Available from the publisher: Verlag Christa Hemmen, Grillparzerstr. 22, D-6200 Wiesbaden, Fed. Rep. of Germany. Visa and American Express are accepted. New Publication from Of Sea and Shore In the Summer 1991 issue. Of Sea and Shore publications announces the 15th edition of A Sheller’s Directory of Clubs. Books. Periodicals & Dealers 1991-92. 100 pages of information and dealer ads. Priced at $4.95 plus postage (Si to US addresses, $1.35 surface overseas^ Available from Of Sea and Shore, P.O. Box 219, Port Gamble, WA 98264. Vol. XXIII(9): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 71 MACTRA (MACTROTOMA) NASUTA GOULD, 1851, IN BAHIA CONCEPCION Gene Everson 500 Nottingham Parkway, Louisville, Kentucky 40222 On November 1, 1989, the last day of a collecting trip at Bahia Concepcidn, Baja California, Mexico, with John Jackson and several other San Diego Shell Club members, 1 found three specimens of Mactra (Mactrotoma) nosuta Gould, 1851 (Figures 1, 2). They were collected on sand in 5- 15 feet of water at El Coyote. (Since there are many "Coyote" locales in Mexico, I’ll add that this one is a few miles north of El Requesdn.) This large bivalve, in the family Mactridae, resembles the Atlantic Surf Clams such as Spisula solidissima (Dillwyn, 1817) and since Surf Clams are common, these specimens sat for about six months and were the last species I identified from this trip. Myra Keen in her 1971 Sea Shells of Tropical West America says, "Dimensions of a large specimen: length, 118 mm; height, 82 mm; diameter, 41 mm. San Pedro, California to Colombia, but the shell is rare everywhere.. ..The shell is white under a straw-colored periostracum." My specimens Figure 1. Mactra (Mactrotoma) nosuta Gould, 1851, from Bahia Concepcidn. Figure 2. M.(M) nosuta, interior of valve shown in Figure 1. Page 72 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(9): 1991 are 80, 81, and 95 mm long. The 81 mm specimen was alive, the other two dead, but all three shells have periostracum intact. This is the same location and depth that I collected, on a single tank of air, forty specimens of Trachycardium procerum (Sowerby, 1833), fresh dead with hinges usually intact. I have limited Panamic experience, but it is my guess that since many collectors don’t bother with bivalves that are not Pecten, Spondylus or something else "attractive," and since this species is drab and "looks common" perhaps M. (M.) nasuta is often overlooked and ignored by collectors. My appreciation to Dr. LouElla Saul of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History who confirmed the identification of this mactrid. A CORRECTION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF FAVARTIA GARRETTI (PEASE, 1868) DONALD R. SHASKY 834 West Highland Avenue, Redlands, California 92373 In The Festivus (Shasky, 1983), I reported Favartia garretti (Pease, 1868) from Cocos Island, Costa Rica and a specimen from La Cruz de Huantecoxtle, Nayarit, Mexico. In Shasky (1987), also in The Festivus, I reported that the Cocos Island and Mexican specimens were not conspecific with F. garretti from Hawaii and that they had been sent to Anthony D’Attilio and Barbara W. Myers for description. Recently Myers & D’Attilio (1990) described three new species of muricacean gastropods from Cocos Island, Costa Rica. Carol Skoglund has called to may attention that D’Attilio & Myers (1990) did not cite Favartia garretti from La Cruz de Huantecoxtle, Nayarit. All of the material had been returned to me this past April but I did not critically look at these lots until Carol questioned me about the omission of the Mexican specimen. I found that Tony D’Attilio had penciled the name F. erosa (Broderip, 1833) on the label of the Mexican lot. I accept this identification and hope this note clears up a bit of embarrassment for me. Literature Cited MYERS, BARBARA W. & ANTHONY D’ATTILIO 1990. Three new muricacean species from Cocos Island, Costa Rica (Muricidae and Coralliophilidae). Venus 49(4):281-292, figs. 1-16. SHASKY, DONALD R. 1983. Update on mollusks with Indo- Pacific faunal affinities in the tropical eastern Pacific-II. Festivus 15(11):109-110. 1987. Update on mollusks with Indo- Pacific faunal affinities in the tropical eastern Pacific- VI. Festivus 19(10):100-101, figs. 1-2. HIGHWAY I, |; i THE SEPTEMBER Satun PARTY — A MEXICAN FI claVy September 21st 6 P.M. -? HIGHWAY ESTA LD O 00 GALT ST, E-i CO W G1 O U APPLETON ST o H w > c w w CO CO w 2; w o LO c K CJ H K Larry & Debbie Catarius 4173 Galt Street San Diego, CA 92117 (619) 270-4376 From 5 take 52 east to Genessee Ave . south. From 15 or 805 take 52 west to Genessee Ave. south. Go to light at top of the hill (Appleton St.) . Go right on Appleton to first stop sign on Cole St. Go right on Cole St. to first left (Galt St.) . 4173 Galt St. is 3rd house on the left. Look for an anchor in the front yard. RHMEMBER: Bring your potluck contribution, serving utensils and eating utensils. If possible, bring folding chairs. Come and have a fantastic time. Q %nm^> . ^>vv .. .A ^:i ■••■i.; ;■ ■j'i' :Q.,1 .;(;ifii ,,'3' .V. txi:J'^Edr;'::aii.' JXM: 4«^< Ff/? f'Icll- ISSN 0738-9388 A THE FESTIVUS 'Y A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIII October 10, 1991 Number: 10 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) Treasurer FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Photographer Larry Buck Terry Arnold Richard Negus Kimberlyn Seybolt Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Family membership: $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Tbcker Abbott American Malacologists // Eugene V Coan p ^ m Research Associate ^ ' California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Terrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM Culture of California Abalone and Their Hybrids Dr. David Leighton, adjunct professor at San Diego State University and charter member of the San Diego Shell Club will give an illustrated program on his work with the California abalone. Dr. Leighton is a pioneer in the aquaculture field, well known for his work with the abalone and the rock scallop. He is currently involved in working on the culture of sea urchins. Meeting date: October 17, 1991 CONTENTS Club news 74 A note on Velutina prolongata Carpenter, 1864 ROLAND ANDERSON 75 The San Miguel Dive TYip LARRY BUCK 77 Pedicularia californica at The Breakers KENNETH Q. LINDAHL 79 Page 74 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(IO): 1991 CLUB NEWS The September Party - A Mexican Fiesta It was a great party! Well over fifty people came in all styles of Mexican regalia and were greeted at the ^tarius’ property by an almost life- sized mermaid pinata. Serapes decorated the tables, south of the border music played, and the aroma of Mexican food emanated from the buffet table. There was even volley ball, horseshoes and other games set up in a separate area for the kids (and the big kids). Members attending came from far and near- some friends we hardly ever see were there. Conversation was animated as everyone enjoyed being together. The Club thanks Debbie and Larry Catarius, our generous hosts, for a splendid party. Back Issues of Hawiian Shell News Available For Sale The Club has complete volumes of Hawaiian Shell News from 1970 to 1990 which are available for sale. These are unbound and the cost is $10 per volume. Postage is additional. Proceeds will benefit the Club library. If you are interested, contact Margaret Mulliner, 5283 Vickie Dr., San Diego, CA 92109, USA or call 619-488-2701. The Club Christmas Party The Club’s annual Christmas Dinner Party will be held on Saturday evening, December 14th. It will be held at Carlos Murphy’s on Twiggs St. in Old Town, San Diego, and will be a Mexican buffet. Mark your calendars. Further details will appear in the November issue. New Members Chippeaux, Edith & Harry, 1308 Biltmore Dr., Fort Myers, Florida 33901. A Dues Change for 1991 A new dues schedule will be in effect beginning in 1992. All domestic memberships will be $12.00, eliminating separate individual and family membership categories. All memberships will include the family, with one copy of The Festivus per family. To cover the increased postal costs, overseas memberships will be raised to $15.00 (surface mail) and $25.00 (air mail). Dues are due in January 1992. San Diego Shell Club Mugs Available Beautiful Club mugs, specially designed by Suzanne Parlett, will be available for sale at the October meeting. The mugs feature three local shells, Pteropurpura trialata, Cypraea spadicea, and Haliotis rufescens with the Club name and logo. These mugs are available in two sizes, the standard size at $7.00 each and the extra-large size at $9.00 each. Postage, when necessary, is additional. Club Pins for Sale San Diego Shell Club pins are still available for sale at $3.00 each plus $.50 postage, when necessary. To order, contact Margaret Mulliner at 5283 Vickie Drive, San Diego, California 92109, USA or call 619-488-2701. Vol. XXIII(IO): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 75 A NOTE ON VELUTINA PROLONGATA CARPENTER, 1864 ROLAND C. ANDERSON The Seattle Aquarium, Pier 59, Seattle, Washington 98101 Earlier this year I had the pleasure of diving on the reefs of Palau and Yap with friends of mine from the Seattle and Vancouver Aquariums. Having had limited diving experience in the tropical Pacific, I was quite excited by the colors, the warmth, the water clarity, the wrecks, the sharks, the corals, and all the other tropical invertebrates I had only read about or seen in pictures. In fact, I was so excited I couldn’t help signalling to some of my compatriots to look at vermetids, nudibranchs, cushion stars, zig-zag oysters, etc. My fellow divers, however, were not as excited as I about these great invertebrates, preferring instead to be impressed by sharks, turtles and barracudas. Ken Wong, my counterpart at the Vancouver Aquarium, accused me of calling him away from five white-tip sharks just to look at a "blob of mucus" (a beautiful Chromodoris nudibranch)! As the Puget Sound Biologist for the Aquarium, I can certainly appreciate sharks, but they hardly competed with "blobs of mucus" like Fromia, Sepia, and Chromodoris. Since that time I have had my work cut out for me, introducing and educating these folks in the wonders of invertebrate blobs. Recently I was able to show Ken some blobs in colder waters, specimens of Velutina prolongata Carpenter, 1864, a snail that resembles a blob (Figure 1). Velutina (family Velutinidae) has a rather unimposing shell with a fuzzy periostracum and no umbilicus or operculum. In the wild the shell of the animal is always covered with the mantle and the large fleshy foot, so that the animal resembles a small moon snail with its foot expanded or a "blob of mucus." It could easily be mistaken for a bubble-shelled opisthobranch; however, a closer inspection would reveal its prosobranch affinities. I have only found this species in the deep cold waters of Cape Flattery at the northwest tip of Washington. Cape Flattery is arguably the wildest area on the west coast, dominated by hundred-foot Figure 1. Velutina prolongata Carpenter, 1864, two specimens in a watch glass; one is upside-down. vertical cliffs, solid rock sea stacks, caves, crevices, and house-size boulders. Wildlife includes resident gray whales, puffins (and their rookeries), eagles, and sea lions. Water conditions are dominated by swells coming in from the open ocean of the North Pacific. On a calm summer day, swells may only be running 6 to 8 feet high; 20 to 30 foot swells are common in the winter. Weather in the summer is dominated by fog, strong westerly winds, and occasional storms; winds have been clocked at 63 miles an hour in August at Tatoosh Island at the very tip of the Cape. The average summer high temperature is 55°F. Due to upwelling caused by long-shore winds in the summer, water temperatures commonly run 43°F in the summer. In spite of the weather, winds, swells, and water temperature, it is indubitably the best diving in Washington, Page 76 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(IO): 1991 and an area where the Seattle Aquarium collects unusual, large, and healthy fish and invertebrates, including Velutina. I first found Velutina there three years ago, and collected some for the Aquarium. I enlisted the help of Elsie Marshall of the Burke Museum, Seattle, Washington, to identify them. They seemed to do well in my aquarium tanks, feeding on hydroids and compound ascidians. They transported well for the long trip back to Seattle, with the exception of producing vast quantities of mucus, rivaling (for their size) the famed slime star Pteraster tesselatus of our area in mucus production and certainly lending credence to their "blob" appellation. The Velutina survive at least a year in my aquarium tanks. In spite of a slightly blobby appearance, they are attractive, having a bright orange line around the foot (Figure 2) and brown spots speckling the edge of the cream-colored mantle. In my tanks, part of the shell of the animal can be seen since the mantle is never quite as expanded as it is in the wild. This may be due to the different water conditions of Seattle-warmer and less saline than in the Cape Flattery area. Leo Shaw of the Seattle Aquarium took the original color slides from which the black & white photos were made. Figure 2. Velutina prolongata crawling on glass front of an Aquarium display tank. Note the bright orange line around the foot [at arrow]. BOOK NEWS New Books by R. Tucker Abbott SEASHELLS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA, "a 52- color-plate guide to the marine mollusks... primarily an identification book to 461 common tropical Asian species, it... [describes] the biogeography of the area and the mollusks of ten different habitats." 145 pp, $14.95. SHELLS, "a huge coffee-table presentation of superb photographs mainly taken by ’Pete’ Carmichael.. ..Printed in Spain in large quantities, it appeared on the market in late 1990.. .at $19.95." 160 pp., 200 pis. SEASHELLS OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE. 1991. "expanded hardback version. ..This is the first time coverage has been simultaneously given to cold-water species from three different faunal regions — the Pacific Northwest, the American Northeast and Northwestern Europe. Huge photos of 550 species and wonderful seascapes grace the large edition." 191 pp., 10x13", $24.95. Order from American Malacologists, P.O. Box 1192, Burlington, Mass. 01803. Vol. XXIII(IO): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 77 THE SAN MIGUEL ISLAND DIVE TRIP - 1991 LARRY BUCK 2411 El Amigo Road, Del Mar, California 92014-3118 On the afternoon of August 17th, a group of members of the San Diego Shell Club, and some non-members, met at my house in Del Mar to caravan to Ventura harbor to spend two glorious days diving the northern Channel Islands aboard Bill Magee’s charter dive boat Peace. The Peace is 65 feet long with room for 30 passengers and does 11 knots at top speed. As we did last year, we looked forward to bountiful food, game, mollusks, and the comaraderie of passengers and crew. We also looked forward to the comfort of "the tub." We arrived in Ventura some 3V2 hours later and before settling into our bunks for a good night’s sleep, we gathered to hear the customary weather report. It announced small craft warnings at San Miguel Island - as usual. After a powwow, we decided that as a result of the ominous warning, we would dive Santa Rosa Island first in the morning. Later we would continue on across the channel to San Miguel Island - about an hour’s run - if conditions permitted. We planned to dive there for the rest of our trip. I slept like a log but noticed when the boat left the harbor at about 2:30 AM. I noticed also, as did the others, a change in the boat’s direction of travel later in the night. On rising in the morning, we were surprised to see, after the change in direction, that we had, indeed, arrived at Santa Rosa Island’s "South Point" as planned. The cook already had a pre-breakfast snack of rolls and goodies spread out in the galley. (The food turned out to be a highlight of the trip.) We were all anxious to slip beneath the calm waters. My dive buddies were Club vice president Terry Arnold and Underwater Photographic Society member Mike Miller. Water temperature was comfortable, in the low 60s and underwater visibility was about 30 feet. My group headed down the anchor chain to a sand bottom at 65 feet. At 75 feet, we swam out to a couple of very large rock outcroppings that I could barely see. We never left this beautiful spot during our entire dive. Mike was soon flashing away with his camera and Terry was examing every crevice. I was already finding the large muricid, Ceratostoma foliatum (Gmelin, 1791) and the red abalone, Haliotis rufescens Swainson, 1822. I found a really nice nine-inch one, the cleanest I’ve seen. Terry was searching, successfully, for the very large chiton (world’s largest) the gumboot chiton. Cryptochiton stelleri (Middendorff, 1847) which grows up to 14 inches here. I noticed one crossing the sand and rubble at the base of the rock outcrop and it looked very much like a long oval rock which was mated to a sea slug. After surfacing we found that everyone else had gone into shallower water. They were surprised at the size of my two abs. We had a short discussion and decided to move the boat about 100 yards and dive again - after a dynamite breakfast. We all had another beautiful dive with some of the spear fishermen bringing up nice bass, lingcod, and rockfish. Ceratostoma foliatum were common here. I even kicked one up in the wake of my fins so Larry Catarius could find one. Actually, he probably saw more of them than anyone else. We then decided to make the run across to San Miguel Island as planned. This gave us about an hour’s surface time before hitting the water again. During these surface intervals, we were all able to fully appreciate the boat’s most welcome feature - the hot tub. A hot tub seems to be an absolute necessity after you’ve had the luxury of one on a dive trip. After a delicious lunch, our afternoon dive site was Cuyler Harbor. It was densely populated with beautiful Cypraea spadicea Swainson, 1823. The cowries were in about 25 feet of water. Many other species were here also. I saw one, almost record- size, clean Maxwellia santarosana (Dali, 1905). Later, after a terrific barbecued, marinated porterhouse steak, about eight, hard-core, non- movie watchers headed back down into the forbidding depths. I wasn’t up to such nonsense this trip, electing for the movies and comfort Page 78 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(IO): 1991 instead. Dessert was pie and ice cream - absolutely delicious. Sleeping came easily after that. The next morning it seemed that I was the last one up. Again, rolls and goodies were laid out - not good for the diet-conscious diver, but good for the soul. And you know what being in the salt air and water does to your appetite. The boat now moved to Prince Island, actually a big rock close to Cuyler Harbor, for our morning dive. It was a reef area with many different species of anemone. This area seemed rich in the smaller molluscan species also. It was a little rougher here, with swells coming through. After the dive, we decided to head back to Santa Rosa Island - eating along the way. Our last two dives were at the same spot we had dived the previous morning, and we were able to complete dives seven and eight by noon. We alternated diving, eating and hot-tubbing. What a great combination. The ride back took five hours during which time we were able to clean up, get some sun, and sip wine. We bought tee shirts, conversed and some even slept. Later, back at the docks I heard someone say that his only regret was that George Barton had left his guitar at home. AVAILABLE ISSUES AND SUPPLEMENTS OF THE FESTIVUS Supplements 1991 Additions to the Panamic Province Bivalve (Molluscal Literature 1971 to 1990, by Carol Skoglund,(22:i-v-(-74 pp.) $11. postpaid domestic, $12. overseas surface, $15. overseas airmail. 1990 Additions to the Panamic Province Opisthobranch fMolluscal Literature 1971 to 1990. by Carol Skoglund (22:i-iii-l-27 pp.) $6. postpaid domestic, $7. overseas surface, $12. overseas airmail. 1988 An Illustrated Catalogue of the Family Tvphidae Cossmann, 1903 by D’Attilio & Hertz, (20:73 pp., 109 figs) $11. postpaid domestic, $12. overseas surface, $15.50 overseas airmail. 1986 A Faunal Study of the Bivalves of San Felipe and Environs, Gulf of California, from the Gemmell Collection fl965 to 1976) by Gemmell, Myers & Hertz (18:1-72 pp., 78 figs) $9. postpaid domestic, $10. overseas surface, $15.50 overseas airmail. 1983 Illustration of the types named by S. Stillman Berry in his "Leaflets in Malacology" by Carole M. Hertz (15:1-42 pp., 92 photos) $6.50 postpaid domestic, $7.50 overseas surface, $12. overseas airmail. Yearly Volumes 1980 - 1991 @ $12.00 per volume plus postage. 1970-1979 @ $10 per volume plus postage. Some volumes available only partially xeroxed (1970-1973 all xeroxed). Vol. XXIII(10):1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 79 PEDICULARIA CALIFORNICA AT THE BREAKERS Kenneth Q. Lindahl 202 Grand Canal, Balboa Island, California 92662 During September 1989, I was on a dive trip to the west coast of Baja California, Mexico, aboard the Sand Dollar out of San Diego. On the trip back to San Diego we stopped to dive at an area called The Breakers, an area approximately 137 nautical miles south of San Diego. One of the interesting things about this locality was the abundance of Allopora colifornica Verrill, a purple hydrocoral found along the Pacific coast from the San Francisco area to Baja California. I decided to collect a head of the coral (which I found at 80 to 85 feet depth) for my collection. After returning to the boat, I examined the coral and found attached to it a specimen of Figure 1. Pedicularia califomica on hydrocoral Allopora califomica. Pedicularia califomica Newcomb, 1864, approximately 11.4 mm long (Figure 1). Pedicularia califomica (Figure 2) is considered an uncommon species and is listed by Abbott (1974) from the Farallon Islands to San Diego, California. This specimen extends the distribution 137 nautical miles (254 km) south of San Diego. Literature Cited Abbott, R. Tucker 1974. American Seashells, 2nd ed.. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 663 pp., 24 color pis., 4000+ b&w illus. Figure 2. Pedicularia califomica, apertural view of specimen shown in Figure 1. unc,iih. >d ■( iyiii' I'ckoffl i O’. , i Ji' Kj:-^ ndT :l U . i-'i,. t ' •• 1 ufy, fV'f^ ,yjr*«' filr}r‘- — f-'— ■■ i,^V / '■ ' ' >K^J ' viu ■ 633S^i , n \}X .l:,V ! (toki'w) ,.<41 t ( ji’uf ■'v.p *..,, ' - [2V*d>^ >' ,-'»\f ' ISSN 0738-9388 QL ho! FV/f t<’kH > 4 THE FESTIVUS ^ A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIII November 14, 1991 Number: 11 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) TYeasurer FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Photographer Larry Buck Terry Arnold Richard Negus Kimberlyn Seybolt Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Single membership: $10.00; Family membership: $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $12.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Thcker Abbott American Malacologists Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio I 2415 29th Street jj San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Tferrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Yokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM Ammonites of the Western United States Ed Nobel, a longtime collector of ammonites Nobel has contributed ammonite specimens to worldwide, will give a slide program on the museums and will bring a display of some of his ammonites of the western United States. Mr. specimens. Shells of the month: Cold water gastropods, i.e. trophons & neptunes Meeting date: November 21, 1991 CONTENTS Club news 81 Finding Nautilus pompilius suluensis MARGE LINDAHL 82 A further range extension for Pedicularia califomica LARRY CATARIUS 83 A note on some vermetids ROLAND C. ANDERSON 84 A selected index to Volume XXIII (1991) 86 Page 81 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(ll): 1991 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - October 17, 1991 President Larry Buck conducted the business meeting, a summary of which follows: The annual Christmas party will be held at Carlos Murphy’s in Old Town, on December 14, 1991. Reservations must be made by December 1st. Cost is $13.00 per person. [See notice, this page.] The slate of Club Officers for 1992 were presented to the membership. Nominations from the floor and election of officers will be held at the November meeting. The selection of the nominating committee is as follows: President, Jules Hertz; Vice-President, Terry Arnold; Corresponding Secretary, Rick Negus; Recording Secretary, Kathie Cannon and Treasurer, Margaret Mulliner. The Club needs a small map showing how to get to the Casa del Prado from Greater San Diego areas. Contact Larry Buck (792-5404) if you have one. The Conchologists of America is interested in holding their annual meeting in San Diego again in two or three years. If you are interested in helping with this proposed conference, contact a board member. Terry Arnold gave a brief summary of the San Miguel Dive trip made by Club members in August. Cookies were provided by Debbie and Larry Catarius and Billee Brown. The theme for this month’s meeting was abalone and Dr. David Leighton, an abalone specialist, gave a fascinating lecture on "Culture and Hybridization of California Abalone." Dr. Leighton began studying abalone in 1957 with his main interests being their nutrition and growth. He was a pioneer in the culture of abalone at a time when people thought abalone could not be raised in tanks, and along with others has raised several species of abalone and been successful with hybrids, especially with the red, pink and white abalone. He stated that according to the Department of Fish & Game, there are 15 active "farms" that are experimenting and raising abalone. In the state of California there were 150,000 pounds of farmed abalone last year. He showed slides of colorful hybrids which are created by varying the abalone diet. The red algae make the shells a redder shade. The most common hybrids are a cross between the white and red abalone and the red and pink. Efforts at hybridization try to create more vigor, better survival or better growth characteristics in the abalone. Lastly Dr. Leighton commented on the tastiness of the different species of abalone. His ranking went as follows: Sorenson (white), pink, red, green and then black. Those who attended were then able to view many abalone specimens brought in by club members. We were able to see various sized shells, with incredible coloring both on the inside and outside. There was even one labeled the third largest in the world. Kim Seybolt The Club’s Annual Christmas Dinner Party The annual Christmas dinner party, the Club’s dress-up affair, on December 14th will be a Mexican Buffet (all you can eat) to be held at Carlos Murphy’s at 3890 Twiggs Street in Old Town San Diego (260-0305). The cost is $13.00 per person and reservations must be made by December 1st. Festivities will begin at 6:00 P.M. with a no host bar. Dinner will be at 7:00 P.M. As always, there will be the traditional shell gift exchange. To participate in this tradition, bring a gift-wrapped shell (with collecting information on the inside only) to place under the tree. On the outside, place only general locale-Caribbean, Indo- Pacific etc. Numbers will be drawn and those who bring a shell gift will choose one from under the tree. The Christmas party is a time to welcome the season with your friends. Come and join the fun. There is no regular meeting in December. San Diego Shell Mugs Available for Sale The specially designed Club mugs featuring three local shells will definitely be available for sale at the November meeting. Price: $7.00 (standard size); $9.00 (extra-large). Vol. XXIII(ll): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 82 FINDING NAUTILUS POMPILIUS SULUENSIS MARGE LINDAHL 202 Grand Canal, Balboa Island, California 92662 On Tuesday, May 23, 1989, we were aboard the Tristar A, a dive boat out of Palawan, Philippine Islands, in the Sulu Sea. We had dived Tubataha reef for three days- a paradise for underwater photographers-not for shellers. Bob Yin, our leader, arranged for us to be taken to North Island to contact the Filipino fishermen who had sailed and motored their small bancas from Cagayan Island for 60 miles to trap Nautilus pompilius suluensis Habe & Okutani, 1988. In their three bancas there were probably 25 to 35 clean shells, most of them good specimens. I bought only three at that time. Their traps, made of split bamboo, were approximately 30 inches long, 18 inches wide, and 18 inches deep. They were baited with chunks of fresh fish from that morning’s catch. In the late afternoon they lowered the traps to rest on a sand ledge at 1000 feet or more and left them to be retrieved the following morning-hopefully with live Nautilus. Bob made arrangements for the fishermen to bring their next day’s catch, still alive, to our boat. The following morning, just before noon the bancas arrived with 18 barely alive Nautilus. Apparently the radical change in water temperature, from very cold at 1000 feet to the warm surface temperature of 80°F kills them. Several specimens were taken back overboard to be observed and photographed, but they did not revive. All was not lost-we had them for dinner that night! The very small, but fully mature, N. pompilius suluensis are from an isolated colony that obviously differs in shell characteristics (Figure 1) although there is some doubt as to whether or not it is a new subspecies (Saunders, 1987). Of the thirteen specimens that I brought home, the average size is 79 mm in height, 112.3 mm length and 25.5 mm width, with the apertural width 59 mm. The color bands or stripes are purplish brown and wider than the typical N. pompilius Linnaeus, 1785, with definite spaces between the bands. The aperture is oval but angular on both sides. figure 1. Nautilus pompilius suluensis Habe & Okutani, 1988. Black & white photo from an underwater color slide taken by Richard Baumann. One interesting note-the umbilicuus is filled by callus, as in the original description, except in one of the smallest shells of the thirteen which has an open umbilicus (Figure 2). The thickness of this shell is the same as the larger shells, leading me to believe that it is as mature as the rest. I hope there will be more collecting and research on the Nautilus from this remote area. Vol. XXIII(ll): 1991 Page 83 THE FESTIVUS My thanks to Bob Yin for an experience that I had only dreamed of - a live Nautilus in my hand! Literature Cited Habe, Tadashige & Takashi Okutani 1988. A new subspecies of living Nautilus (Cephalopoda: Nautiloidea) from the Sulu Sea. Venus 47(2):91-94, figs. 1-5 (July). Saunders, W.E. 1987. The species of Nautilus. In Saunders, W.B. and N.H. Landman (eds.) Nautilus. The biology and paleobiology of a living fossil. Plenum Press, New York & London, pp. 35- 52. Figure 2. N. pompilius suluensis, shell of smallest specimen. Note open umbilicus. Photo: Kenneth Q. Lindahl. A FURTHER RANGE EXTENSION FOR PEDICULARIA CALIFORNICA LARRY CATARIUS 4173 Galt Street, San Diego, California 92117 In the October 1991 issue of The Festivus, [Vol. XXIII(10):79, figs. 1-2] Ken Lindahl wrote of finding Pedicularia californica Newcomb, 1864, on Allopora californica Verrill at The Breakers, about 137 nautical miles south of San Diego. That prompted me to add this note. I dived for three years (1978-1980) at Islas San Benito, Baja California, Mexico, in an area called Rocas Pin^iculo (Pinnacle Rocks) about a mile west of the south end of Benito del Oeste (West Benito Island) (28°18T5"N, 115°37’W). In about 60-80 feet, my diving buddy and I would always see the purple coral and whenever we saw the Allopora californica we would also see specimens of Pedicularia californica on it. I have retained in my collection an 11 mm live collected specimen which I found there in September 1980. This extends the southern distribution of this species approximately 300 nautical miles from San Diego. Vol. XXIII(ll): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 84 A NOTE ON SOME VERMETIDS ROLAND C. ANDERSON The Seattle Aquarium, Pier 59, Seattle, Washington 98101 Several years ago (Anderson, 1986) I wrote an article on tube worms that resemble snails, the snail-worms Spirorbis. I recently had a request from Sandra Gardner to send her some snails that look like worms, vermetids. Our local vermetid in the Seattle area is Petaloconchus compactus (Carpenter, 1864). I had not seen this animal before, or if I had, I hadn’t recognized it. I learned from Dr. Ron Shimek that P. compactus is very common in the San Juan Islands of Washington, but largely overlooked, or mistaken for a tube worm. He said to look for the operculums that these vermetids have. Most of the local calcareous tube worms have a frilly crown of tentacles; some may have an operculum located on the base of the tentacles. The vermetids (mollusks) have an operculum located near the mouth of the tubular shell (Figure 1). Figure 1. Petaloconchus compactus in an Aquarium display tank. Notice the operculums. On my next dive in the San Juans I looked for P. compactus and found them in abundance in a distinct band on the rocks from 5-15 meters deep, below the Laminaria zone and above the Dodecaceria zone. Dodecaceria is a colonial tube worm that strongly resembles the vermetids, or vice versa. The P. compactus were usually associated with pink coralline algae, but this may be an artifact of being able to find these vermetids in more open areas, areas that had been grazed by red urchins which eat the major macro-algaes, leaving small "meadows" of coralline algaes. The rounded flat colonies of P. compactus were about 6 cm across and approximately 1 cm thick, attached to rocks. TTtey consisted of the intertwined tubes of the animals, each about 2-3 mm in diameter at the mouth of the tube. Unlike many other animals attached to rocks, these came off the rocks rather easily, with little damage, when chipped with a diver’s knife. I kept some of the colonies alive and put them in my display tanks at the Seattle Aquarium where they continue to do well feeding on artifical plankton made from blending various raw seafoods and seaweeds. Other colonies I gave to Sandy Gardner and other shell collectors. Vermetids are the "anglers" of the invertebrate world. They produce mucus strings that they let out, allow plankton to collect on them and then "reel" them in and feed. On a recent dive trip to Yap, while waiting for mantas to swim by, I watched some large vermetids eating. There were many large ones {IDendropoma) imbedded in the coral heads. Their mucus strings were effectively covering the coral heads with a network of mucus. When they were feeding, they reeled in the mucus and ate it by pulling it in with two jaws that would extend along the mucus string, grab onto it like pliers, and pull it into the mouth. The mouth held onto the Page 85 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(ll): 1991 string while the jaws reached for another section. This feeding action was so fascinating I almost missed seeing the twenty-foot mantas swimming overhead. Almost. My thanks to Leo Shaw of the Seattle Aquarium who photographed the original color slide from which the black and white photo was made. Literature Cited ANDERSON, ROLAND C. 1986. A snail-like worm. Shells and Sea Life 18(3):54. FOR YOUR INFORMATION New Publication from the Sea Grant Extension Program The University of California Sea Grant Extension Program announces in their newsletter. Tidelines, a new leaflet entitled "Recognizing & Controlling Marine Wood Borers." The pamphlet illustrates shipworms, pholads and gribbles [isopod crustaceans] and the appearance of wood they’ve damaged. The pamphlet helps in spotting these borers and in protecting wood from their attack. For a free copy, call (619) 694-2845 or write to Sea Grant Extension Program, 5555 Overland Ave., Bldg. 4, San Diego, CA 92123. Announcement from American Malacologists American Malacologists announces that Peter D. Ward’s (1988) "In Search of Nautilus" is now available at half price. This 238 page, hardback account of Professor Ward’s many years in search of these living fossils is now priced at $9.95 [originally $19.95] while the limited supply lasts. THE FESTIVUS DOES NOT PUBLISH A DECEMBER ISSUE. Vol. XXIII(ll): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 86 A SELECTED INDEX TO VOLUME XXIII (1991) ANDERSON, ROLAND A note on Veliitina prolongota Carpenter, 1864 75 A note on some vermetids 84 BRADNER, HUGH A remarkable cowrie radula 3 BERSCHAUER, DAVID P. A brief visit to the intertidal zone of Sitka, Alaska 16 BRATCHER, TWILA Conus dispar at Isla Ceralbo? 17 Terebra argosyia alive and well in Panama 61 BUCK, LARRY Pterynotus (Piirpiirellus) macleani Emerson & D’Attilio, 1969, found and lost at Loreto 21 Amway’s "Redu”-a cure of rust-stained shells 58 Observations of Cancellaria cooperi Gabb, 1865, parasitizing two species of invertebrates 69 The San Miguel Dive Trip - 1991 77 CATARIUS, LARRY A further southern range extension for Pedicularia californica 83 COWIE, ROBERT H. Malacology at the Bishop Museum, Honolulu 8 D’ATTILIO, ANTHONY Comments on two ambiguous muricids currently comprising the genus Vitularia Swainson 1840 . . 13 Book news: Living Shells of the Caribbean and Florida Keys reviewed 64 DUSHANE, HELEN (as told by Rosemary Adams) Rosemary and her seashells 32 EVERSON, GENE Mactra (Mactrotoma) nasuta Gould, 1851, in Bahia Concepcidn 71 HERTZ, CAROLE M. Range extension for Seniele barbaroe (Boone, 1928) 7 HERTZ, CAROLE M. (editor) In memorium: John Souder 10 HERTZ, JULES Occurrence of Fartuliim orcutti (Dali, 1885) on detached polychaete tubes 35 Follow-up on Fartulum orcutti (Dali, 1885) 58 Joint annual meeting of the AMUAVSM 65 JACKSON, JOHN A special olive shell 31 JOHNSON, MIKE Range extension for Ceratostoma foliatum (Gmelin, 1791) 6 KOCH, BOB A new distribution for Lepidozona (Lepidozona) skoglundi (Ferreira, 1986) (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) 25 A question of size: a note on dwarfing in Typhisopsis coronatus and Typhisala grandis 39 Panamic puzzles: a didymous Terebra petiveriana? 42 LINDAHL, KENNETH Q. Pedicularia californica at the Breakers 79 Page 87 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIII(ii): 1991 LINDAHL, MARGE Finding Nautilus pompUius suluensis 82 McCLINCY, RICHARD J. Pterynotus (PiirpureUus) macleani Emerson & D’Attilio, 1969, found and retained at San Carlos . 45 NEGUS, RICK Pteropurpura festiva (Hinds, 1844) 29 PISOR, BRETT Molluscan species in kelp holdfasts 50 SHASKY, DONALD R. The present known distribution of Favartia guamensis Emerson & D’Attilio, 1979 28 A correction of the distribution of Favartia garretti (Pease, 1868) 72 SKOGLUND, CAROL New distributional information for Periploma tnargaritaceum (Lamarck, 1801) and Pristes oblongus Carpenter, 1864 (Mollusca; Bivalvia) 23 Chama arcana Bernard, 1976, reported in the Gulf of California, Mexico (Mollusca; Bivalvia) . . 37 Panamic range extensions for Drillia (Gastropoda: Turridae) 47 A new distributional record for Poireria (Pazinotus) advenus (Poorman, 1980) (Mollusca: Gastropoda) 63 WHITE, RUTH M. Mousely Museum of Natural History (Shells & Minerals) 22 )l ■ilfr ili. ISSN 0738-9388 ||THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV January 9, 1992 Number: 1 CLUB OFFICERS SCIENTinC REVIEW BOARD President Jules Hertz R. Tucker Abbott Vice President Terry Arnold American Malacologists Secretary (Corres.) Richard Negus Henry W Chaney Secretary (Record.) Kathie Cannon Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History I’reasurer Margaret Mullincr Eugene V. Coan Past President Larry Buck Research Associate California Academy of Sciences CLUB STAFF Anthony D’Attilio Historian Linda Hutsell 2415 29th Street Librarian Margaret Mulliner San Diego, California 92104 FESTIVUS STAFF Douglas J. Eernisse Editor Carole M. Hertz University of Michigan Business Manager Jules Hertz William K. Emerson Photographer David K. Mulliner American Museum of Natural History Terrence M. Gosliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION California Academy of Sciences Annual dues are payable to San Diego James H. McLean Shell Club. Membership (includes Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History family): $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): Barry Roth $15.00; Overseas (air mail); $25.00. Research Associate Address all correspondence to the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Paul Scott Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92III Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes The Festivus is published monthly except Tulane University December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM this issue: $5.00 plus postage. Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM Butterflies of the Sea Mike Miller, a forensic chemist with the Naval Underwater Photographic Society with a particular Investigative Service, has been diving for many interest in photographing nudibranchs, the years. He is a contributing member of the butterflies of the sea, his topic for the meeting. Meeting date: January 16, 1992 CONTENTS Club news 2 Panamic puzzles: Terebra argosyia and T. robusta BOB KOCH 3 Pseudochoma grand Strong, 1934, a valid species CAROLE M. HERTZ 8 San Diego Shell Club sponsors "Marine Field Study" LARRY BUCK & KIM HUTSELL 15 Marine Field Study data form, for detaching. Page 2 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(1):1992 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - November 21, 1991 President Larry Buck conducted the business meeting, a summary of which follows: The San Diego Shell Club coffee mugs are available now. Regular size mugs are $7 and large mugs are $9. Allow $2 (domestic) for postage, when necessary. It is also time to renew memberships in the Club. The cost is $12 for a domestic membership, $15 for overseas (surface mail) and $30 for overseas (air mail). The Club officers for 1992 were elected unanimously. The new officers are as follows: President, Jules Hertz; Vice-President, Terry Arnold; Corresponding Secretary, Rick Negus; Recording Secretary, Kathie Cannon; and Treasurer, Margaret Mulliner. The speaker for the evening was Ed Nobel, who gave an illustrated lecture on "Ammonites of the Western United States." Ed, a retired mathematics teacher, has been collecting ammonites for over 20 years and has over 20,000 ammonite specimens at his El Cajon home. Ed shared some samples from his own ammonite collection with the members as well as giving a very interesting slide show. His slides included beautiful photos of ammonites and dig sites in Baja California, the Marble Mountains cast of San Bernardino, the Black Mountains near Chico, California, and sites in Nevada and Wyoming. Several of the slides included a group of people from Ohio University who were on a dig with Ed at a National Geographic site. On this particular dig they used bulldozers and were able to find over 40,000 specimens. What was special about these specimens was that they were beautiful green and orange colored. Following Ed Nobel’s talk some slides, taken by Dave Mulliner at the Club’s September party at the home of Debbie & Larry Catarius, were shown. It was apparent that a good time was had by one and all. Cookies for the refreshment break were provided by the D’Attilios and the Yeends. Kim Seybolt Dues are Due Dues are due and payable now to The San Diego Shell Club. Send to the Club address as shown on the masthead. All domestic memberships are $12; overseas (surface mail) $15; overseas (air mail) $30. All memberships include one copy of The Festivus per family. Those not renewing by the end of January will not receive the February issue or be included on the Club roster. San Diego Shell Club Mugs Available Specially designed Club mugs, each mug featuring three local shells, are available for sale. Members may purchase the mugs at the January meeting. Price: $7 (standard size); $9 (extra-large). Add $2 for domestic postage, when necessary. For overseas purchases, postage will vary depending on the country. The Annual Club Christmas Party The Club’s annual Christmas dinner party, held this year at Carlos Murphy’s in Old Town, was a huge success. Over thirty-five members, in their holiday finery, filled the cozy room which was complete with a tree decorated by Linda and Kim Hutsell. The fine Mexican dinner, served family style was enjoj'ed by all as was the companionship of good friends. After the dinner. Master of Ceremonies Kim Hutsell thanked the 1991 board members and introduced the new board for 1992. Both outgoing president Larry Buck and incoming president Jules Hertz spoke briefly of the Club’s achievements and goals. Part of the evening’s entertainment was a slide show. Members shared slides of events and trips taken during 1991 after which there was the traditional gift exchange. Much excitement could be heard as members’ numbers were drawn and they chose their wrapped shell gifts from under the tree. It was a terrific party and a wonderful way to welcome the holiday season. Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 3 PANAMIC PUZZLES: TEREBRA ARGOSYJA AND T. ROBUSTA BOB KOCH 1215 West Seldon Lane, Phoenix, Arizona 85021 For years I’ve had problems with the seemingly identifiable Terebra robusta Hinds, 1844, which according to Bratcher & Cernohorsky (1987) "is extremely variable both in sculpture and outline." From my modest experience the adult T. robusta are rugged little beasties, generally with a tendency to lose their nuclear and early spire sculpture through wear or erosion. At least most of the biggies examined in the Skoglund collection and my own are so ' worn as to make it difficult, if not impossible, to recognize these early features. In developing growth series, however, as the process proceeded, the presumed younger shells began to display early spire sculpture and more retained their protoconchs. Bratcher & Cernohorsky describe the T. robusta "...protoconch of 3‘/2 to 4‘/2 whorls; subsutural band on the early whorls consisting of [a] double row of nodes divided by a groove, in some individuals the anterior row being smaller or almost obsolete..." and the columella with one plication (a feature I somehow initially overlooked). But here was the rub. This description did not match all our so-called T. robusta. While I at first thought the adults (say from 60 mm and larger), had a bent toward intergradation, because this was considered an "extremely variable" species, the youngsters were readily separable into two forms. "Form 1" has an elevated nucleus of some four turns, the first two forming an exserted and pointed lip. In "Form II" the elevated nucleus is of some three or so turns with a blunt tip, relative to Form I. The early postnuclear sculpture of Form I consists of a single noded sutural band, commencing on the first whorl, which begins to divide, around the fourth or fifth turn into a second, smaller noded band. In contrast. Form II exhibits a double noded sutural band of almost equal strength starting around the second teleoconch whorl. The columella is recurved in both forms but two plications are visible on Form I and only one is present on Form II. Then following about the fifth whorl, both forms tend to leave an impression of intergrading. But this shell collector hadn’t the foggiest which might be the true T. robusta, nor what the other form might be (Figures la-c). In 1971, Olsson described Terebra argosyia from Ecuador. It was represented by a single, decollated 71.4 mm specimen. Not much thought was given to this individual shell, although there seemed, from the black and white illustrations and from the colored illustration in Abbott & Dance (1982), some resemblance to our twin T. robusta. Nor did the Bratcher & Cernohorsky (1987) description make much of an impression as the shell was considered, at the time, a "rare species." Then from the April 1991 auction of the San Diego Shell Club, Carol Skoglund returned home with a specimen (approx. 45 mm) from Panama collected and identified by Twila Bratcher as T. argosyia. This little decollated rascal has all the appearance of Form I, including the most common color pattern, very early apical sculpture of a single noded band, then dividing into a second, as well as a recurved columella with two plications, as described by Olsson (1971) and by Bratcher & Cernohorsky (1987). Olsson speaks of "a tripartite sculpture most marked on the spire but persistent over the whole surface" of his one specimen. It was presumed this "tripartite" feature is what I have described as commencing around the fourth or fifth whorl during which the single band begins to divide in two. Bratcher & Cernohorsky mention a "subsutural band faintly noded... [later] followed by a second, weaker band..." with "the mature whorls divided into 3 slightly convex bands separated by spiral grooves..." To this point I was happily satisfied that the mystery had been solved -Form I was T. argosyia while Form II represented T. robusta. Subsequently, the August 1991 issue of The Festivus arrived containing Twila Bratcher’s article entitled "Terebra Page 4 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 Figures la-c. A comparison of Form I (Terehra argosyia) and Form II {T. robusta). Subadults (approximately 30+ mm) showing the difference in nuclei and early teleoconch sculpture. From a sizeable lot containing both forms, dredged at Los Frailes, Baja California Sur, Mexico, (a) both forms, Form I on right, Form II on left (b) protoconch and early teleoconch whorls of Form I (c) protoconch and early teleoconch whorls of Form II. argosyia alive and well in Panama." Everything seemed copacetic until the illustrations of the "protoconch of four whorls" was examined. These two photos of the sole specimen with an intact protoconch show a nucleus, albeit eroded in appearance, with a blunt tip, more on the order of my Form II as opposed to the distinctly different pointed tip of Form I. So now I was back to square one until Twila Bratcher advised Carole Hertz that the photos were not of the specimen that had an intact nucleus; that the protoconch is actually pointed rather than blunt. Now, with reasonable confidence that the two forms are indeed T. argosyia and T. robusta a few general observations seem pertinent about our material. Our largest specimen of T. argosyia is approximately 62 mm versus Olsson’s 71.4 mm. In the juvenile stage, say between 15-30 mm, T. argosyia (Form I) and T. robusta (Form II) are difficult to separate based solely on the color patterns since the first few whorls lack any markings and the subsequent squarish brown spots are quite similar. Of course the other features - nuclei, apical sculpture and plications - are different (Figures 2a-b, 3a-b). In the 40-60 mm range, many specimens of T. argosyia continue to display a broken pattern of brown spots, while in T. robusta a goodly number, as well as some T. argosyia, show a coalescence of the brown spots into vertical stripes on the later whorls. So the color pattern isn’t necessarily constant (Figures 4a-b). On the other hand, where the periostracum is removed, the ground color of T. argosyia always appears whitish or cream as does the aperture. In T. robusta the color varies from whitish to cream or a pale orange on the later whorls and aperture. Where the nucleus and apical whorls are indistinguishable, a constant is the two-plicated columella as even the Vol. XXIV(2); 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 5 Figures 2a-b. Juveniles (15-33 mm) of T. argosyia (Form 1) comparing nuclei, early sculpture and color patterns. From a large lot dredged at Ensenada San Francisco, San Carlos (Guaymas), Sonora, Mexico, (a) two juvenile specimens (b) protoconch and early teleoconch whorls of specimen on left in Figure 2a. very small juveniles of T. argosyia evidence that character. In T. robiista the single columellar plait is quite evident in the larger shells while in the subadult and juvenile stages the fold may not be as readily discernible. In Carol Skoglund’s "Bratcher specimen" and many of our shells, Olsson’s "tripartite sculpture" is distinguishable (although I think Bratcher & Cernohorsky offer a more meaningful description). But again, this is not a completely constant feature. My conclusion is that, based on the Skoglund and Koch collections, there are two highly variable species in which the constants revolve around 1) the nuclei and sculpture of the first 4 or 5 whorls of the teleoconch and 2) the columellar plications (Table I). The geographic distribution may be about the same. Both species have been dredged together at Guaymas, Sonora; Los Frailes, Baja California Sur; Bahia Navidad, Jalisco; and Bahia Banderas, Nayarit all in Mexico; Playas del Coco, Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica; and the Perlas Islands, Gulf of Panama. In my collection of mostly dredged subadults and juveniles, counting all collected material of both species - 38 lots containing some 240 shells - T. argosyia is more common. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My thanks to Carol Skoglund for the loan of material from her extensive Panamic collection, to Carole Hertz for her assistance and to David Mulliner for the expert photography. My special appreciation to Twila Bratcher for some very constructive suggestions and encouragement to publish this article. Page 6 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 Figures 3a-h. Juveniles (15-33 mm) of Form II, (same collecting data as in Figures 2a-b) (a) two specimens of Form II (b) protoconch and early teleoconch whorls of specimen on left (with hole) in Figure 3a. Figures 4a-b. Two specimens (approx. 50 mm) of Form 1. (a) Shell on left with nucleus intact. Whorl count and color patterns approximate those of Bratcher (1991, fig. 2), From a lot of both forms dredged at Playas del Coco, Guanacaste Prov,, Costa Rica (b) protoconch and early teleoconch whorls of specimen on left in Figure 4a. Vol. XXI V(2): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 7 TABLE I Features T. oraos\’ia Protoconch Elevated nucleus, 4 turns, first 2 forming an exserted and pointed tip. Early teleoconch whorls First teleoconch whorl with single noded subsutural band. Second smaller noded band begins at 4th or 5th teleoconch whorl. Recurved with 2 plications. Ground color and aperture whitish when periostracum removed. Color pattern lacking on first few whorls, then squarish brown spots sometimes coalescing into vertical stripes on later whorls. Columella Color T. rohusta Blunt-tipped protoconch of 3-1- whorls. Double noded subsutural band begins at 2nd teleoconch whorl. Recurved with one plication. Ground color varies from whitish to cream or pale orange on later whorls and aperture. First few whorls lack color pattern, goodly number show coalescence of brown spots into vertical stripes on later whorls. LITERATURE CITED ABBOTT, R. TUCKER & PETER DANCE 1982. Compendium of Seashells. E.P. Dutton, Inc., NY. 410-1- pp., 4200 color photos. BRATCHER, TWILA 1991. Terebra argosyia alive and well in Panama. Festivus 23(8);61-62, figs. 1-3. BRATCHER, TWILA & WALTER O. CERNOHORSKY 1987. Living Terebras of the World. American Malacologists, Inc., Mass. pp. 1-240, color pis. A-F, 68 b&w pis. OLSSON, AXEL A. 1971. Mollusks from the Gulf of Panama collected by RA^ John Elliott Pillsbury, 1967. Biol. Results of the U. of Miami Deep-Sea Expeditions. 77. Bull. Marine Sci. 21(l):35-92, figs. 1-103. Page 8 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(l): 1992 PSEUDOCHAMA GRANTI STRONG, 1934, A VALID SPECIES CAROLE M. HERTZ* & CAROL SKOGLUND** * Department of Marine Invertebrates, San Diego Natural History Museum, P.O. Box 1390, San Diego, California 92123 **Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, California 93105 Introduction In November 1988, in an article on deep water shells from off Isla Smith, Bahia de los Angeles, Gulf of California, Mexico (Festivus XX(11):110- 116), Carol Skoglund figured a 16-mm Pseudochama species she and her husband, Paul, dredged in 183 m (Figure 1), which she stated "doesn’t seem to match any of the currently known species." Figure 1. Pseudochama grand Strong, 1934. Specimen 16 mm L from Bahia de los Angeles figured by Skoglund (1988) as an unnamed species. Photo: Paul Skoglund. which he recognized as looking very much like the unnamed specimen in Skoglund’s paper (Figure 2). Figure 2. P. grand. Specimen attached to probable fossil valve (Early Holocene to Pleistocene in age) of Humilaria kennerleyi (Reeve, 1863) (pers. comm. George Kennedy). Upp)er valve 17.5 mm L. Dredged by John LaGrange in 145 m off 9-Mile Bank, out of San Diego Bay, California. Photo: David K. Mulliner. In December 1990, John LaGrange, of the San Diego Shell Club, showed Carole Hertz specimens of a Pseudochama he had dredged in 146 m (80 fm) off 9-Mile Bank, out of San Diego Bay, California, After studying specimens from both the LaGrange and Skoglund collections (Figures 3-7), we agreed with John LaGrange that both lots were the same species. In addition, John suggested that both are Pseudochama grand Strong, 1934. Vol. XXIV(l); 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 9 Figure 3. P. granti. Upper valve 26.7 mm L. Collecting data the same as in Figure 2. Photo; David K. Mulliner. Figure 5. P. granti. specimen with upper valve 26.4 mm L. Collecting data the same as in Figure 2. Photo; David K. Mulliner. Figure 4. P. granti. Lower valve of specimen in Figure 3. Approx. 32 mm L. Photo; David K. Mulliner. Figure 6. P. granti on rock. Upper valve 9.6 mm L. Dredged by P. & C. Skoglund at Bahta de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico, May 1980 and April 1988. Photo; David K. Mulliner. Page 10 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXI V(l): 1992 Figure 7. P. granti. Specimen with upper valve 21.0 mm L on valve of Chione mariae (Orbigny, 1846). Photo: David K. Mulliner spines pure white, right side tinted with rose, both inside and out; margin of valves smooth; hinge plate narrow, the edges of the processes finely serrated; muscle scars elongated. The diameter of the type is 20 mm." Strong further stated that P. granti was more than a deep-water form of P. exogyra (Conrad, 1837), differing in the "well developed spines of the cup-shaped under valve, smaller size, and distinct color pattern." Figure 8. P. granti. Holotype (CAS 066004). After Strong, 1934. Discussion Strong (1934:137, figs. 6, 7) described P. granti from Catalina Island, California, commonly attached to pebbles, living and dead shells and other objects dredged in 27 to 55 m (15-30 fm) (Figure 8). The original description follows: "Upper valve nearly circular, flattened, the umbone spiraling counter clock-wise; sculptured with quite regular, low, concentric laminae, the spacing between which is about 0.5 mm. at the umbone, gradually increasing to about 1 mm. at the margin; the edges of the laminae very finely pleated, the plaits rising here and there to short spines, usually more numerous toward the margin and left side of the shell; under valve cup-shaped, the attachment being from a narrow area to half the area of the valve, sculptured with concentric laminae bearing grooved or folded spines which are much more prominent than those on the upper valve and spaced from 2 to 5 mm. apart in each direction, except near the umbo where they are smaller and more crowded; left side of the shell and Conrad (1837:256-257), in his brief description of Chama exogyra, stated: "C. exogyra. Shell obliquely affixed, sinistral; lamellae of the valves prominent, deeply lobed; colour white, tinged with red and green; within white, margin entire; posterior muscular impression profoundly elongated. Inhabits the rocks along the coast of upper California, near Sta. Barbara, Sta. Diego, &c." Conrad’s species was not illustrated until Reeve (1847, vol. 4, pi. 7, sp. 38) (herein as Figure 9), who commented, "There is nothing remarkable in this shell to characterize it particularly, though evidently distinct from any other." Figure 9. P. exogyra. After Reeve (1846). Vol. XXIV(1):1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 11 Keen (1966) examined the cluster of 5 syn types in the British Museum and noted that the figure in Reeve (1846) was from "a shell from Mus. Cum. that would also have been a syntype." Odhner (1919) proposed the genus Pseudochama for those Chamidae species which attach by the right valve. Bernard (1976:26-27, figs, d-f) in his study of the living Chamidae of the eastern Pacific placed P. granti in the synonymy of P. exogyra, stating only that he considered P. granti to be a smaller subtidal form with more regular sculpture "less likely to be eroded." He mistakenly listed the type locality of P. granti as Isla Clarion, Mexico, instead of Catalina Island, California. The figures in Bernard (1976), shown here in Figure lOa-c, includes part of the syntype lot of P. exogyra, which had not been illustrated since Reeve (1847) figured what appears to be an exceptionally frilly specimen (Figure 9). Figure lOb-c shows two specimens of P. granti. Figure 10c ("f in Bernard) appears very close to the specimens collected by John LaGrange and Carol Skoglund. It is from Catalina Island, the type locality of P. granti. Figure lOa-c. After Bernard (1976, fig. lOd-f). (a) syntype lot of P. exogyra (BM(NH) 1961.5.20.155). Type locality: Santa Barbara, California, (b&c) two specimens of P. granti (as P. exogyra by Bernard, 1976). (b) (LACM A8881.B) from Vancouver Is., British Columbia, Canada (c) (LACM A8881.14) from Catalina Is., California. Figures 11 and 12 illustrate a specimen of P. exogyra on a duster of Chama arcana Bernard, 1976, collected intertidally in San Diego, California, by J. LaGrange. Figure 11. P. exogyra. Length of upper valve 44.1 mm. Specimen on a cluster of Chama arcana Bernard, 1976, collected intertidally in San Diego, California by J. LaGrange. Photo: David K. Mulliner. Figure 12. P. exogyra. Closeup of specimen shown in Figure 11. Photo: David K. Mulliner. Recently we had an opportunity to visit the California Academy of Sciences (CAS) and study Page 12 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(l): 1992 the holotype (CAS 066004) and a paratype (CAS 066005) as well as 22 additional lots of P. granti. The specimens were all collected offshore in 27-201 m (15-110 fm), with the largest specimen a little over 30 mm in diameter (CAS 078125). We also examined 12 lots of P. exogyra, all apparently from the intertidal zone because there was no mention of water depths. The smallest specimen in these lots was 43 mm in diameter. The senior author also examined the specimens of P. granti and P. exogyra in the collections of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History (LACM), the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History (SBMNH), the San Diego Natural History Museum (SDNHM), and the Royal British Columbia Museum* and these specimens confirmed the findings at the CAS. One lot of five specimens and one lower valve at the SBMNH (SBMNH 33324) from 229 m (125 fm) off Cortez Bank was puzzling at first. Two of the specimens were empty and poorly preserved, giving them an "exogyra" look. However, on closer study, the remaining shell sculpture as well as size and the depth of water in which they were collected showed them to be P. granti. Conclusion After studying the specimens of both species in the Los Angeles County Museum (LACM) collection, which include those figured by Bernard (1976), and in the private collections of John LaGrange of Solana Beach, California, Carol Skoglund of Phoenix, Arizona, and the Carole & Jules Hertz collection in San Diego, California, we were further convinced that there are differentiating characters between P. granti and P. exogyra. We observed that P. g-anti differs in several respects. The attachment area of P. granti is much smaller (not more than half the area of the valve) than that of P. exogyra in which almost the entire under valve is cemented. Whereas both P. g-anti and P. exogra attach to rocks and other shells, the majority of specimens of P. granti studied attached to shells, whereas the greatest number of P. exogra attached to rocks. It is possible that large rocks are * Only one lot from the Frank Bernard collection at RBCM was available for study as a result of remodeling in the Invertebrate Department (pers. comm. Gordon Green). not brought up by dredging, thus, more P. granti are found attached to shells. All the specimens of P. granti were taken well off shore, and all the specimens of P. exogra were in shallow water. TTiere were no specimens taken from an intermediate depth (see Material Studied). In several lots of P. exogra, the specimens were well preserved and frilly (CAS 28123 from San Pedro and CAS 31504 from Isla Socorro, Baja California, Mexico), but none could be mistaken for P. ganti, a much smaller species with regular concentric lamellae on a round upper valve, occasionally with a few spines at the margin; rather than an elongate upper valve in P. exogra, which, in well-preserved specimens, bears broad, raised, foliose spines. We found that the "distinct color pattern" noted by Strong is not a reliable character. Many specimens of P. ganti were pure white, and many specimens of P. exogra were suffused with a rosy blush, sometimes even purple or green. Abbott (1974) gives the distribution of P. ganti as being from central California to Catalina Island (the type locality) and lists P. exogra from Oregon to Panama. Bernard (1976) gives the distribution of P. exogyra as intertidal or just subtidal from "central Oregon (approximately 44°N), to San Diego, California (32°40’N)" and considers the distribution of the "subtidal form" P. ganti to be from "the southern British Columbia border (48°N) to San Benito Island, Mexico (28°N)." Based on the material studied, P. ganti has an offshore distribution from Vancouver Island, Canada, (one lot of one specimen of P. ganti (LACM 146881) reported by Bernard (as P. exogyra) in 65 m off Vancouver Island, Canada) to Isla Cedros and Punta Rompiente (27°41’40"N, 115°05T5"W), Baja California, Mexico, and within the Gulf of California at Bahia de los Angeles, Mexico. We found specimens of P. exogra occurring intertidally from Monterey, California, along the Pacific coast of Baja California, Mexico, to Cabo San Lucas. One lot of one upper valve of P. exogra (RBCM 979-5486) from British Columbia was also seen. Additional material in the RBCM may extend the distribution to British Columbia. It is our conclusion that not only is P. ganti a valid species, but it is another example of a California species living in the Gulf of California. Vol. XXIV(1);1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 13 Material Studied Pseudochama grand LACM 146881, (formerly A.8881.13) I spec., labeled as P. exogyra, fig'd Bernard (1976, pi. 10, fig. e), Vancouver Is., Canada, W of Juan de Fuca Strait, in 65 m on large boulder, leg. F. Bernard, July 1964. CAS 078127, 10 mi. S of Pt. Santa Cruz, Calif., N side of submarine canyon in 183-238 m (100-130 fm). CAS 078135, Pacific Grove bell buoy, Calif., in 46 m (25 fm). CAS 078136, Monterey Bay, Calif., in 155-201 m (85-110) fm, ident. A.G. Smith. LACM 146898, 1 spec. & 1 lower valve, off Monterey, Calif., in 73 m (40) fm, on shale bottom, leg T. & J.Q. Burch, Aug. 1937. CAS 078130, off Del Monte, Calif, in 64-73 m (35-40 fm). CAS 078129, Carmel Bay, Calif., in 46 m (25 fm). CAS 078139, off Del Monte, Calif., in 64-73 m (35-40 fm), leg. A. Smith & J. Burch. LACM 68-134, 1 lower valve, 5.2 mi from Gull Is. Light, Santa Cruz Is., Calif., in 124 m (68 fm), leg. Velcro IV, Aug. 8, 1968. LACM 68-149, one upper valve, 2.7 mi. from San Pedro Pt., Santa Cruz Is., Calif, in 51 m (28 fm), leg. Velcro IV, Aug. 9, 1%8. LACM 68-125, 1 upper valve, 5.3 mi. off Carrington Pt., Santa Rosa Is., Calif, in 40 m (22 fm), leg. Velcro IV, Aug. 8, 1968. CAS 078138, 10 mi E. San Nicholas Is., Calif., ident. A.M. Strong. CAS 078126, in- spec., off San Nicholas Is., Calif., T. Crocker Exped., (ident. A.M. Strong). LACM 146899, 3 spec. & 1 lower valve, dredged off San Pedro, Calif., one attached to shell, leg. H. Hill. CAS 078125, 2 spec. & 1 lower valve, off San Pedro, Calif., in 91 m (50 fm). CAS 078128, 11 mi. from Pt. Vicente Light, Calif., in 71 m (39 fm). LACM 146895, 2 spec., trawled 69-77 m (38-42 fm), from El Segundo to Ballona Creek, Santa Monica Bay, Calif., leg. M. Rogers, June 28, 1957. LACM 146897, 1 spec., off Redondo Beach, Calif., in deep water, on larger shell. CAS 066004, holotyp>e, Channel Is., off S side of Santa Catalina Is., Calif., in 37 m (20 fm). CAS 066005, paratype, Channel Is., off S side of Santa Catalina Is., Calif, in 27-55 m (15-30 fm). CAS 078124, Catalina Is., Calif, leg. G.D. Hanna. CAS 078132, Isthmus Cove, Catalina Is., Calif., in 55-91 m (30- 50 fm), leg. G.D. Hanna. CAS 078133, N side of Catalina Is., Calif, in 55-110 m (30-80 fm). CAS 078134, Gulf of Santa Catalina, Calif., in 42-55 m, (ident. A. Smith). LACM 146894, 1 spec., Catalina Is., Calif, leg. G. Willett, 1933 (no depth listed). LACM 32-1, 2 upper valves. Isthmus Cove, Catalina Is., Calif, in 73-110 m (40-60 fm), July 25, 1932. LACM 146896, 7-1- spec., off Catalina Is., Calif, in 55 m (30 fm), on shell and rock, leg. G. Willett. LACM 146900, 1 spec., dredged off Catalina Is., Calif, attached to interior of valve of brachiopod, leg. RA7 Anton. SBMNH 1030, 2 spec., off Avalon, Santa Catalina Is., Calif. Crocker Stanford Exped. ,"Zaca" in 146 m (80 fm), on rocks on "bottom of dead and bleached corallines." 1938. SBMNH 18977, 2 spec., off Isthmus Cove, Catalina Is., Calif. Same expedition as above, in 60 m (33 fm), 2 small specimens attached at shoulder of dead Conus califomicus, otheis attached on insides of valves of bivalves. SBMNH 19019, 1 3/4 mi. off Lone Pt., Calif., same expedition as above, in 110 m (60 fm), 2 spec, on crabbed Bursa califomica. SDNHM 28879, 20-1- sf)ec. (8-23 mm diam), Catalina Is., Calif., 64 m (35 fm), leg. H.N.Lowe. LACM 146882 (formerly A888.1.14), I spec, (label says P. exogyra, ident. F. Bernard) Catalina Is., Calif., 69 m [38 fm], rock, leg. Mrs. J. Smith, 1965. CAS 064416, dredged off Corona Del Mar, Calif. CAS 078131, off S. Calif., Scripps Station xxxx, (ident. A.G. Smith). SBMNH 33324, 5 spec., Cortez Bank, Calif., in 229 m (125 fm), "on rock caught up by hook & line," leg. L. Zermatten, Apr. 1965. Hertz coll., 1 spec., 21.5 mm L, 9-Mile Bank, out of San Diego Bay, Calif., dredged live in 146 m (80 fm) on rock, by J. LaGrange, May 14, 1990. LaGrange coll., 2 sp>ec., 17.5 & 26.7 mm L, 9-Mile Bank, out of San Diego Bay, Calif., dredged live in 30-190 m, on large rocks, bits of p>ebbles and shells in sandy areas. CAS 078137, I spec., near Cedros Is., Mexico, leg. Crocker Exped., 1932, ident. A.M. Strong. LACM 146901, 1 spec., San Benito Is., Baja Calif., Mexico, in 46 m (25 fm), leg. G. Willett, Apr. 2, 1938. LACM 71-168, many upp>er valves & 1 sp>ec., off Rompiente Pt., outer coast of Baja Calif., Mexico, (27°41’40"N, 115°05’15"W) in 90 m [49 fm], leg. J.H. McLean & P. LaFollette, Oct. 22, 1971. Hertz coll., 1 spec., off NW Isla Smith, Bahia de los Angeles, Baja Calif., Mexico, dredged 120-170 m, leg. C. & P. Skoglund, May 15-17, 1991. Skoglund coll., 6 spec. & 5 upper valves, Bahia de los Angeles, Baja Calif., Mexico, dredged in 183 m (600 ft.), N end of channel between Smith Is. and mainland, live specimens on rock, bits of shell, and Chione mariae (fig'd Skoglund 1988:111, fig. 3), leg. P. & C. Skoglund, May 1980, Apr. 1988. Pseudochama exogyra RCBM 979-5486, 1 upper valve of small spec., off Swiftsure Bank, British Columbia, Canada (48°16.5'N, 125°24’W) Sta. 833, no depth given, leg. Cowan & Quayle, Sept. 1964, (ident. 1. McT. Cowan). SBMNH 28244, Monterey, Calif. Hertz coll., 2 spec., Cayucos, Calif., live, intertidal on top of rock, leg. J. Hertz, Dec. 28, 1971. SBMNH 43193, Santa Barbara, Calif. SDNHM 3631, 2 spec., Santa Rosa Is., Calif., leg. G.L. Fleming, Aug. 1922, very eroded specimens, 47.5 & 52.5 mm L. LACM 63-21, 6 spec.. Pitas Pt., 4.5 mi N Ventura city limit, Ventura, Calif., intertidal, leg. P. LaFollette, May 20, 1961. LACM 65-80, 2 Ige. & 3 sm. spec., Portuguese Bend, Palos Verdes, Calif., intertidal, leg. J.H. McLean, Feb. 16 & Nov. 8, 1965. LACM 55194, 1 cluster (1 P. exogyra & 1 Chama arcana on shell), San Pedro, Calif., leg. Mrs. Burton Williamson (McLean, 1969, fig. 40.2). SBMNH 28123, San Pedro, Calif, very frilly sp>ecimens, ex E.P. Chace coll. Page 14 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(l): 1992 SDNHM 28901, 6 spec., San Pedro, Calif, leg. H.N. Lowe. LACM 146904, 1 spec. & 1 bottom valve, Topanga Beach, Calif., ex H. Hill coll., Feb. 22, 1933. SBMNH 40739, Malaga Cove, Los Angeles Co., Calif. SDNHM 3635, cluster of 2 spec., Anaheim Landing, Calif., ex F. Baker coll. LACM 146903, 1 spec.. Laguna Beach, Calif., on large rock, ex H. Hill coll. SBMNH 44101, San Nicholas Is., Calif., leg. MacGinitie & MacGinitie. LaGrange coll., 1 cluster. Table Top Reef, Solana Beach, Calif., intertidal. SDNHM 3632, 2 Ige. clusters. Pacific Beach, San Diego, Calif., leg. D.L. Emery, attached to Modiolus capax valves, one with 12+ spec., one with 8+ spec. Hertz coll., 2 spec., Windansea Beach, La Jolla, Calif., live, intertidal, leg. J. Hertz, May 30, 1971. SDNHM 28904, 2 spec., San Diego, Calif., leg. H.N. Lowe, "on Modiolus," very well-preserved specimens. SDNHM 3634, 4 spec., San Diego, Calif, ex F. Baker coll. SDNHM 3633, 2 spec., clustered, San Diego, Calif., leg. H. Hemphill. SDNHM 3638, 1 spec.. Mission Bay, San Diego, Calif., leg. M.G. Beckwith, "drifted in on piece of wood." LACM 66-5, 2 spec., N of Ensenada near El Cortez Motel, Baja Calif., Mexico, intertidal on rock ledges & boulders, leg. J.H. McLean & P. Oringer, Jan. 9, 1966. SBMNH 49428 & 49251, Ensenada, Baja Calif., Mexico, leg. A.L. Gradt. CAS 078141, Todos Santos, Baja Calif., Mexico (as spinosa Broderip). CAS 078140, San Martin Is., Baja Calif., Mexico, ident. A.M. Strong. LACM 66-1, approx. 1 mi S of Puerto Santo Tomas, Baja Calif., Mexico, intertidal on rock ledges and boulders, leg. J.H. Mcl^an & P. Oringer, Jan. 4, 1966. SDNHM 58255, 6 lower valves, 3 upper valves. Lava beds, Quintin Bay, Baja Calif., Mexico, leg. C.R. Orcutt. CAS 078143, 4 spec., "Socorro, Lower California,." collected live. LACM 72-120, 1 spec., SW side Guadalupte Is. (Isla Afuera), Mexico, in 40-90 ft, leg. J.H. McLean, Sept. 27, 1972. LACM 67-61, 1 lower valve, E side of Isla San Geronimo, Baja Calif., Mexico in 20-25 ft., Dwyer Exped., leg. J.H. McLean & P. Oringer, Dec. 10, 1967, very p>oorly preserved. SBMNH 13507, SE shore, San Geronimo Is., Baja Calif., Mexico. LACM 71-171, 1 lower valve, Thurloe Head, outer coast Baja Calif., Mexico, upper intertidal & beach, leg. J.H. McLean & P. l^Follette, 10/23/71. LACM-54-13, 2 spec., 1.1 mi NNE of Keep Pt., Punta San Bartolome, Baja Calif., Mexico, Feb. 11, 1954. Hertz coll., single valves, Punta Asuncion. Baja Calif., Mexico, intertidal and in (50-60 ft.), leg. D. Mulliner (diving) & J. Hertz (intertidal), 11/13/81. LACM 71-3, Punta Abreojos, Baja Calif., Mexico in 6-9 m (20- 30 ft.), leg. J.H. McLean on R/V Searcher, Jan. 27, 1971, very worn, dead collected with vermetids on surface. CAS 078142, 1 spec., Magdalena Bay, Baja Calif., Mexico, ident. A.M. Keen. LACM 146902, 2 spec., Cabo San Lucas, Baja California, leg. R/V Anton Dohm. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We appreciate the help of many people in the preparation of this paper. Terrence M. Gosliner and Elizabeth Kools of the California Academy of Sciences, Henry W. Chaney of the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, James H. McLean, Clifton C. Coney and Lindsay T. Groves of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, all in California, and Gordon Green of the Royal British Columbia Museum, British Columbia, Canada, made specimens available for study and lent comparative material. The San Diego Museum of Natural History made its facilities, collection and library in the Marine Invertebrate Department available to us. Gary Rosenberg, of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia sent needed literature to us. Thomas A. Demdrd of the San Diego Natural History Museum, George L. Kennedy of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History and Paul H. Scott of the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History helped in determining the fossil status of a valve of Humilaria kennerleyi. John LaGrange brought the puzzle to our attention and lent study material and David K. Mulliner did all the photography except Figure 1 which was done by Paul Skoglund. Eugene Coan critically read the manuscript and made many helpful suggestions. LITERATURE CITED ABBOTT, R. TUCKER 1974. American Seashells, 2nd ed.. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., NY. pp. 1-663, 24 color pis., -1-4000 text figs. BERNARD, FRANK R. 1976. Living Chamidae of the eastern Pacific (Bivalvia; Heterodonta). Los Angeles County Natural History Museum Contrib. in Sci. 278:1-43, figs. 1-12. CONRAD, T.A. 1837. Descriptions of marine shells from Upper California, collected by Thomas Nuttall, Esq. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 7(2):227- 269, pis. 17-20. KEEN, A. MYRA. 1966. West American mollusk types at the British Museum (Natural History) I.T.A. Vol. XXIV(l): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 15 Conrad and the Nuttall collection. Veliger 8(3);167-172, fig. 1. ODHNER, NILS HJ. 1919. Studies on the morphology, the taxonomy and the relations of Recent Chamidae. K. Svenska Vetensk. Handl. 59(3):1-102, pis. 1-8. REEVE, LOVELL 1846-1847. Conch. Icon. 4 Chama. Sp. 1-46. London. SKOGLUND, CAROL 1988. Deep water shells from off Isla Smith, Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico. Festivus 20(11):110-116, figs. 1-10. STRONG, A.M. 1934. A new Californian Pseudochama. Nautilus 47(4); 137. Fig’d Nautilus 47(3) pi. 8, figs. 6,7. SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB SPONSORS "MARINE FIELD STUDY" LARRY BUCK* and KIM HUTSELL** *2411 El Amigo Road, Del Mar, California 92014 **5720 Gaines Street #23, San Diego, California 92110 At the end of her preface to Sea Shells ^ Tropical West America, 2nd edition, A. Myra Keen wrote: "What remains now is the challenging task of observing the animals themselves - studying and interpreting their ecology, anatomy, physiological adaption, behavior, and means of dispersal, and all the other aspects of their relationships to each other and to other organisms in their physical environment." It sounds like quite an undertaking. But, in reality, this "task" has been going on since early man first ventured near the shore. Back then, however, it was accomplished more through necessity than curiosity. They either learned where and how to find food, what to eat and, equally important, what not to eat or they didn’t survive. They observed associations between different organisms and made mental notes which helped them in their struggle for survival. Unfortunately, the knowledge they gained was passed on only by word-of-mouth and much has been lost. Today, we find ourselves faced with a situation very similar to those first "naturalists," but for different reasons. The wheels of change are close to spinning out of control. Our coastal waters are being polluted at an alarming rate and globally, species are disappearing faster than we can find and identify them, let alone study them. It is no longer just a question of where a species fits into the structure of systematics. Nor is it a question of obtaining a specimen for one’s personal collection. But it has become a very real race to learn as much as we can about each of the species before they disappear forever. A new emphasis is in order. Information found in shell books is often minimal, quite often limited to the name, a brief description, and a general locality - sufficient to make a visual identification, but not much else. Undoubtedly, this has been due to the scope of the subject matter and space limitations, but, today, increased public awareness and a growing concern for all living things tells us that this scant information is not enough. We need to know more - much more. Many professional malacologists will admit that the very nature of their profession does not allow them enough opportunity or study time in the field. Many amateurs, on the other hand, have both the opportunity and the time to observe a wide variety Page 16 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(l): 1992 the past is a means by which these observations (or raw data) can be gathered, organized, and made available to others. While it is true that existing conchological and malacological organizations and individual researchers have been increasing their efforts in this area, much more can be done to make this knowledge available to a wider group. Realizing this, some of our Club members have initiated a program whereby the studies alluded to by Myra Keen would have an agenda - the Marine Field Study. Although this project is for both the amateur and the professional, one of its main purposes is to provide the amateur with a repository for his or her photos of living mollusks and interesting field observations without the burden of technical discussion. One of the motivating forces which helped initiate this project was the possible opportunity for someone in the future to incorporate information and photos from this study into a popular book featuring the living mollusks of this region. We would like to point out that the more recently published shell books and periodicals are utilizing color photos of living animals in their habitats. The potential benefits of the Marine Field Study are many. The primary benefit is that of providing researchers with additional information they may not get otherwise. Equally imporwnt is the opportunity for the amateur to make a significant contribution to the field of malacology. In addition, all those who come in contact with this project will benefit through an increased awareness and a greater appreciation for the intricacies of nature. What you can do to help this cause is simple. Turn in photographs of living mollusks (preferably in color), write down your observations on field data forms provided by the Marine Field Study and turn them in. The field data forms were designed to be quick and easy, and, for the most part, self explanatory.* One last thought - as in any project, participation is vital. So please - spread the word! *A sample field data form, for detaching, follows in this issue. Beginning in January, forms will be available at Club meetings. SEND TO: MARINE FIELD STUDY c/o Margaret Mulliner 5283 Vickie Dr. SAN DIEGO, CA 92109 MARINE FIELD STUDY A Project of the San Diego Shell Club DATA FORM Re^ii Namkcr (for |>r«ject ss« only) OBSERVATION DATA Please fill out this data sheet as completely as possible. Some items may not seem important at the time of the obsers’ation, but may contribute greatly to the over all picture of mollusks and their habitats. If a photograph was taken of the observed specimen while still undisturbed in its habitat, a copy of the photo included with this report would be an important aid in studying the animal. THANK YOU! OBSERVER’S NAME: ADDRESS: TELEPHONE: Home ( ) - Work ( ) Family: Genus: Report Date: / / DATE and TIME of OBSERVATION: / / : am / pm Species: GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION :('P/ert5e be as specific as possible.) HABITAT: (Please check as many items as apply.) SPECIMEN LOCATION: In which TIDAL ZONE was the specimen observed? in above splash zone. high mid low tide zone. lower than intertidal zone (depth?)_ The SPECIMEN was found while... beach walking snorkeling dredging (depth?) _tide pooling diving (depth?) other (depth?) The SPECIMEN was... in silt mud on gravel rocks under seagrass kelp sand ( coarse fine) mixed debris other (please explain) BEHAVIOR OBSERVED: WATER CONDITIONS: WATER TEMP.(Approx.) VISIBILITY (Approx, ft) TIDE CONDITIONS: The TIDE was... slack high incoming low ebbing minus WATER MOVEMENT: The SURFACE was... rough choppy calm flat other The SURGE was... heavy medium light none other CURRENT SPEED and DIRECTION: WEATHER CONDITIONS.Y-P/e^.ye note any unusual conditions... El Nino, Santa Ana, recent storms, etc.) sunny cloudy bright rainy windy hazy other AIR TEMP. MOON PHASE: new quarter half full Is the specimen or a photo available for study? YES NO Moil' ISSN 0738-9388 THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV February 13, 1992 Number: 2 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) Treasurer Past President Jules Hertz Terry Arnold Richard Negus Kathie Cannon Margaret Mulliner Larry Buck CLUB STAFF Historian Librarian FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Business Manager Photographer Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz Jules Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Membership (includes family): $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $15.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTinC REVIEW BOARD R. Tucker Abbott American Malacologists Henry W. Chaney Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural Terrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Paul Scott Santa Barbara Museum of Natural Histoiy Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date; third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM Exploring Baja Dave Mulliner, Club member, Festivus staff photographer, and award winning underwater photographer, will present a slide program, both topside and underwater, on the desert areas of Baja including Bahia de los Angeles, Bahia Escondido, and the towns in-between such as Santa Rosalia and the abandoned village of El Mdrmol with its onyx mine. Meeting date: February 20, 1992 CONTENTS Club news 18 Bivalves below the Wilcox Bluffs, Santa Barbara, California JANE CASTOR 19 Bahia de los Angeles: marvelous mollusks and a word of caution HANS BERTSCH 26 1992 low tides for the northern Gulf of California 28 Correction to "San Diego Shell Club sponsors Marine Field Study’" 28 Membership roster for detaching Page 18 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - January 16, 1992 New president Jules Hertz opened the business meeting at 7:30 PM. Guests were introduced and a short business meeting preceded the program. New publications were shared and Club mugs and pins were available for sale. [See notice, this page.] Volunteers are needed for Botanical Garden Foundation Representative and for Hospitality. Contact Jules Hertz (277-6259) if you are witling to help. The Club Auction/Potluck will be on the evening of Saturday, April 25th at Sherry & Adrian Valli’s recreation room. Shell donations are needed for the auction. It is not too early to donate your shell material, books, etc. Bring them to the next meeting or contact a board member and arrange for pickup. The Shell Bazaar will be held in May at the home of Carole and Jules Hertz. New membership application cards have been designed and will be available by the next meeting. The speaker for the evening was Mike Miller who gave an illustrated lecture on "Butterflies of the Sea." Mike, a forensic chemist with the Naval Investigative Service, has been diving Batangas in the Philippines for the last eight to ten years. His photographs of nudibranchs and flatworms were incredible. The patterns and colorations on these animals ranged from beauty beyond description to bizarre. Along with their coloration, many secrete poisonous substances-with some having a PH of 1! Following Mike’s wonderful slide show were slides from the Christmas party provided by Dave Mulliner. These slides are available for checkout in the Club library. The refreshments were provided by Carole & Jules Hertz and Linda and Kim Hutsell. Paul Barton won the door prize. Kathie Cannon Back Issues of Hawaiian Shell News Available For Sale The Club has complete (unbound) volumes of Hawaiian Shell News from 1970 to 1990 for sale. The cost is $10 per volume with $.50 additional for postage (domestic) per volume, when necessary. Proceeds from their sale will benefit the Club library. If you are interested, contact Margaret Mulliner, 5283 Vickie Dr., San Diego, CA 92109, USA or call 619-488-2701. San Diego Shell Club Mugs for Sale Beautiful mugs, specially designed for the Club by Suzanne Parlett, are available for sale at Club meetings or can be ordered by contacting Margaret Mulliner at 5283 Vickie Drive, San Diego, CA 92109, USA or calling 619-488-2701. Each mug features three local shells, Pteropurpura trialata, Cypraea spadicea, and Haliotis rufescens with the Club name and logo. The mugs are available in two sizes, the standard size at $7 and the extra-large size at $9 each. Add $2 for domestic postage, when necessary. For overseas orders, postage will vary depending on the country. Club Committees Telephone: Paula & George Barton, Kathie Cannon, and Vivian & Charles Thomas Hospitality: Linda & Kim Hutsell (temporary until a replacement volunteers - they have graciously done this job all of 1991) Library: Margaret Mulliner & Pat Boyd Botanical Garden Foundation Rep.: unfilled Marine Field Study Project The Marine Field Study project is being headed by Terry Arnold. Completed Data Forms can be sent to Margaret Mulliner at 5283 Vickie Dr., San Diego, CA or brought to any regular meeting. Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 19 BIVALVES BELOW THE WILCOX BLUFFS, SANTA BARBARA, CALIFORNIA JANE CASTOR 854 Via Granada, Santa Barbara, California 93103-1718 Introduction Anyone who has a dog knows some of the reasons for going to the same beach over 500 times. A friend found the beach for my dog Max and me. The sand was right for good ball playing with a minimum of driftwood or rocks, and the bluff offered shade in the early morning. One way to approach our beach below the Wilcox Bluffs is from Arroyo Burro County Beach, on Cliff Drive in Santa Barbara (Figure 1). The parking area borders a long narrow slough, complete with old wood pilings, and is at the end of the Arroyo Burro Creek which divides the county beach from that of the Wilcox property. The photo (Figure 2) shows the slough opening, the slope of the beach in the foreground, the bluffs which are about 150 feet high, and the rocky point that is 5/8 of a mite from the beach restaurant. The beach has many low rocks, tide pools, and kelp beds, in addition to the seasonal and temporal interaction between the slough and the ocean. The Californian faunal province begins at Point Conception (32°25’N), and 45 miles due east is our beach which faces south. So this is a transition area, nearly at the juncture of the Oregonian and Californian faunal provinces. Water temperature range is 52°-70° F (12°-21° C) and is described as temperate-subtropical. During my period of collecting there were two unusual occurrences. The highest tides in ten years came on the New Year’s weekend of 1987 and were accompanied by stormy weather. Also California has had drought conditions, and our estuary did not fill and empty at the end of this period as it did in the beginning. On a wonderful beach morning you can see the planes coming in from southern California over the four offshore oil drilling platforms. The planes fly between the Channel Islands and the mainland and head for the airport which is just east of the Figure 1. Detail from Santa Barbara Channel Topographic Map. U.S. Department of the Interior. Aerial photographs, 1942. Arroyo Burro Beach Park and Wilcox property shown. Page 20 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV (2): 1992 Figure 2. Arroyo Burro Beach and beach below Wilcox Bluffs in November 1985 at 10:00 A.M. University of California at Santa Barbara, and the lone resident seal, not more that 100 feet away near the kelp beds, sometimes watches us. This collector’s interest in clams must have begun in childhood when my family spent long summers at the beach. The fresh meat truck came in once a week, and in-between we had suppers of clam or Spam. The appreciation of the variety of clams was reinforced in 1988 in the middle of our drought when the gastropods gleaned from beach drift diminished considerably, and the bivalve shells found in the intertidal increased. Materials and Methods, or The Education of a Beachcomber With an eye for an interesting shell, our companion joined Max and me for trips to the beach. We went at the same early hour, the same day of the week from 1984 through 1988. Then for the next two years visits were made with Max at the same hour of the day, two days of the week-over 500 times in seven years. For the first three years we gathered shells because they were there. Nothing extra was needed except lots of pockets. Only empty shells which had been washed ashore in the intertidal zone were gathered by hand. Being exposed to the same beach every week makes you more knowledgeable about what is happening. But for the shells to become an avocation, or a pursuit, other things are involved. A pursuit is different, for it has a way of sucking you in, almost without your being aware of the pull. In due course you are hooked, and collecting takes on an exciting life of its own. This must have happened after I brought Abbott (1954) home from the library. Then Vol. XXIV(2):1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 21 other guidebooks were rounded up; Morris (1966), McLean (1978), Rehder (1981), and Abbott (1986). These offered beginners’ tools, and my observations were heightened with focus on oysters, mussels, and piddocks. A few mollusks were taken to the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, and Paul Scott, Associate Curator of Invertebrates, helped me to learn to identify them, suggesting Keen & Coan (1974). Later came Eisenberg (1989) and Light’s Manual (1975). Gone were the days of scanning pretty pictures of shells. Verifying Identifications After the number of bivalve species had grown to 100, a checklist was made which was then brought to Paul Scott for validation. Verifying identifications can be routine for a curator, but for me to see all that was involved, step by step, was an experience I will not forget. Paul had everything ready right near the museum shell collection. For the more difficult-to-classify species we would look at several shells, use a text such as Intertidal Invertebrates of California by Morris, et al, (1980), a magnifying glass (maybe a microscope) and then on to the collection. To see my shell placed alongside a museum one and to see the "match" was exciting. Table I lists 70 verified species. But why so many deletions from the initial 100 species? Well, this is how it happened. First, the largest number of deletions came when I assumed that shells identified in other provinces would have counterparts on the west coast, and some of my shells looked more like Brachidontes modiolus (Linnaeus, ll61),Anomia ephippium Linnaeus, 1758, Anoniia simplex Orbigny, 1846, and Chama congregata Conrad, 1833, than local species. Second, was my gross underestimation of the force of the environment on shells before they arrived on the beach. Abrasion and color changes made shells look like Modiolus and Laevicordium. Thirdly, due to nomenclature changes (i.e., the speckled scallop placed with the calico) four valves were deleted as separate species and placed with others. A fourth contributor was a lack of illustrations in the texts, or my misinterpretations of descriptions. In the end most were plain mistakes, such as forgetting that Cryptomya californica (Conrad, 1837) would have a chondrophore in the left valve only. The misidentifications in the Tellinidae were the most numerous. Results The checklist (Table I) which follows gives shell lengths in millimeters. When compared with the references most of the valves were at the small end of their reported size range or even smaller than that. There were, however, two species in which almost all valves were larger than stated in the guides: Donax gouldii Dali, 1921, and Nuculana taphria Dali, 1896. The Leporimetis obesa (Deshayes, 1855) shells accumulated were both smaller and larger than the published size range. One each of Chaceia ovoidea (Gould, 1851) and Milneria kelseyi Dali, 1916, were longer than reported in the literature. Collection dates are also given in the checklist, and from this a seasonal variation is noted (Figure 3). Seasonal variation in the numbers of bivalves available in beach drift is great and consistent. There were weeks when there were no tar blobs, no sea glass, no shell or shell fragments. January and February from 1987 through 1990 were the best months for finding different species. Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Month Figure 3. The number of additional different species collected is shown monthly from 1987 through 1990. Page 22 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 The number of valves assembled is also shown in the checklist, and the chart (Figure 4) indicates that our best collecting year was 1988. Also related to the year of collection were the obvious differences seen in shells found prior to 1989 and those gathered subsequently. During 1989 and 1990 there were no storms and virtually no rains, and this could have resulted in the noticeably improved patterns and coloring of the bivalves of Chama arcana Bernard, 1978, Tivela stultorum (Mawe, 1823), and Protothaca staminea (Conrad, 1837). Unexpected items include the following: one valve, 19 mm in length, identified as Strigilla dichotoma (Philippi, 1846), was found on June 24, 1988 which establishes a new northern distribution for this species. Corbicula fluminea (Muller, 1774), 28 mm, was obtained near the estuary in January 1988. It is a freshwater, non-indigenous species from Asia and unwelcome as it clogs water outlets. Two fossil specimens of Panopea abnipta (Conrad, 1849) were discovered at the time of the 1987 high tides. Since no others were obtained it may be that this species is not now a resident in the area. Remarks Empty bivalves which were washed ashore were collected in over 500 trips to the beach in seven years. Now that there is the satisfaction of seeing a checklist which is validated, there is the interest in finding whether this list tallied with those of other collectors. Did my beach have fewer or more species than nearby spots? Are there fewer species now than 25 years ago when Eugene Coan (1964) made a survey of the shells at Hope Ranch, which is just west of Arroyo Burro Beach? His conclusion about his study at that time seems just as appropriate for the current picture locally. Many fauna are scarce in the intertidal areas, populations are small, but the variety is surprising. Since the time of my collecting there has been urbanization of the area and things have changed. TTie carpark at Arroyo Burro Beach is charging fees. Developers, beginning in the fall of 1991, are building a commercial enterprise on the Wilcox property which is the last piece of empty coastal (No. of Species) 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 Year Figure 4. Column for 1984 gives number of different species collected. Subsequent columns show total additional species not found in previous years. land in Santa Barbara. And on the beach below the Wilcox Bluffs, making his rounds in the early morning, is the dog catcher. Acknowledgments Thanks are due to Betty Derick who suggested Arroyo Burro Beach and who was stalwart on our beach walks, even in the worst weather. We never missed a week. This project would never have been finished without the guidance and editorship of Carole M. Hertz of The Festivus. and I am very grateful to her. Also thanks to the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. It has been a pleasure to use their library and their staff was so helpful. And most important is that the Museum has Paul H. Scott, a specialist in the very thing which interested me. He is an inspired teacher. Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 23 TABLE 1 CHECKLIST OF BIVALVES FOUND BELOW THE WILCOX BLUFFS, SANTA BARBARA, 1984-1990 Species* Length (mm) Date collected Number collected Remarks Nuculana taphria (Dali, 1896) 15-19 4- 15 -88 -I- 22 Mytilus edulis Linnaeus, 1758 55-100 1984-t- 100+ + Mytihis califomianus Conrad, 1837 40-100 1984-1- 100+ + Brachidontes adatmianus (Dunker, 1857) 13 1990 1 Septifer bifurcatiis (Conrad, 1837) 27 3-88+ 10 Modiolus capax (Conrad, 1837) 23 1990 1 Modiolus rectus (Conrad, 1837) 36-120 1984+ 2 Lima hemphilli Hertlein & Strong, 1946 10-15 8-90+ 5 Ostrea conchaphila Carpenter, 1857 24-40 1984+ 100+ Previously known as O. lurida. Ostrea cf palmula Carpenter, 1856 25 1984 3 Most of this family found Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) 45-90 1984+ 20 near estuary. Chlamys cf nibida (Hinds, 1845) 14-30 1-20-88+ 2 Argopecten ventricosus (G.B. Sowerby II, 32-35 1985 + 7 Formerly A. circularis 1842) Leptopecten latiauratus (Conrad, 1837) 20 1-20-88+ 2 (Sowerby, 1835). (See Waller, 1991:72). Crassadoma gigantea (Gray, 1825) 15-90 1984 + 100+ + About 40 valves needed to Pecten diegensis Dali, 1898 42 2-28-88 1 show age, growth patterns, designs. Anoinia adamas Gray, 1850 64-72 5-1-88 2 Syn.: A. simplex Mabille, 1895. Pododesmus cepio (Gray, 1850) 30-80 1984+ 50+ + One translucent yellow, the other black. A joined pair, translucent Pododesmus pernoides (Gray, 1853) 34 1990 2 white with pale green tinge had 7 (3 mm) indentations with matching lower valve extrusions. Milneria kelseyi Dali, 1916 22 6-30-90 1 Epilucina californica (Conrad, 1837) 30-42 2-8-88+ 27 Found near estuary. 17 had Lucinisca nuttalli (Conrad, 1837) 23-25 1984+ 28 holes bored by gastropods. Diplodonta orbellus (Gould, 1851) 22-25 2-88+ 12 In 1989-90 more had Chama arcana Bernard, 1976 15-35 1984+ 100+ + periostracum intact and were more tannish. Mostly rose and orange Pseudochama exogyra (Conrad, 1837) 25-46 1984+ 12 striping. Some smaller, all white, had interiors stained green, tan, yellow. A few (15 mm) red inside. Trachycardiuin quadragenarium (Conrad, 25-78 1984 + 100+ + This is most northern area for 1837) the species. * Listing follows Rehder (1981). + Indicates valves continued to be found after this date. + + Indicates more than this number present during collecting period. Page 24 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 TABLE I (continued) Species* Length (mm) Date collected Number collected Remarks Americardia biangidata (Broderip & 27-30 3-88, 1-90 2 Sowerby, 1829) Clinocardium nuttallii (Conrad, 1837) 20-30 1984+ 3 Mactra californica Conrad, 1837 38 3-88 1 Most Mactra more tawny in Mactra dolabriformis (Conrad, 1867) 50 4-2-90 2 1989-90. Spisula catilliformis (Conrad, 1867) 100 1985 2 Spisula planulata (Conrad, 1837) 27-35 1986+ 10 Tresiis nuttallii (Conrad, 1837) 30-100 1987+ 6 Valves joined at hinge were Tellina bodegensis Hinds, 1845 27 1990 1 attached to kelp holdfasts. Interior broadly suffused with Sttigilla dichotoma (Philippi, 1846) 19 6-24-88 1 bright yellow. New northern distribution. Macoma balthica (Linnaeus, 1758) 25 1987 1 See Results. Found near estuary. Macoma indentata Carpenter, 1864 32-35 1984+ 2 Macoma inquinata (Deshayes, 1855) Macoma nasuta (Conrad, 1837) 28-43 2-15-88+ 10 This is most southern area for 25-40 1984+ 14 this species. Macoma secta (Conrad, 1837) 33-53 12-87 + 2 Leporimetis obesa (Deshayes, 1855) 30-92 12-87+ 27 Some large ones from kelp Donax goiddii Dali, 1921 25-28 6-9-88+ 31 holdfasts in driftline. 3 small valves had brown periostrac- um, 2 had taupe concentric gradients, 6 white with con- centric blue strands, 12 tan outside and very yellow inside. Only 5 left valves. This is most northern area for spec- ies. Semele decisa (Conrad, 1837) 40-50 7-88+ 6 Semele nibropicta Dali, 1871 22-27 1988 3 Semele nipicola Dali, 1915 15-30 8-3-89+ 2 Citmingia californica Conrad, 1837 20-32 1984+ 50+ + These valves quite regular in Tageliis californianiis (Conrad, 1837) 55-70 2-1-88+ 6 shape. Tagelus siibteres (Conrad, 1837) 45 1987 1 Corbicida fliiminea (Muller, 1774) 28 1-88 1 A freshwater mollusk intro- Globivenus fordii (Yates, 1890) 25-33 5-89+ 5 duced from Asia. See Results. Formerly in Ventricolaria. Tivela stidtonim (Mawe, 1823) 32-66 1985 + 35 A few bland looking shells Amiantis callosa (Conrad, 1837) 20-30 1-88+ 2 found until 89-90. Then larger valves with radial lines and dark periostracum noted. This is most northern distribu- 55-95 1984 + 50+ + tion of the species. Saxidomus giganteus (Deshayes, 1839) Saxidomus niittalli Conrad, 1837 73-85 1984+ 100+ + Cliione californiensis (Broderip, 1835) 33-52 1986+ 18 Several nicely stained blue- Chione fluctifraga (Sowerby, 1853) 40 1987 1 gray. Most northern area where found. Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 25 TABLE I (continued) Species* Length (mm) Date collected Number collected Remarks Inis lamelHfer (Conrad, 1837) - 1988 1 Found only part of left valve showing triangular sinus. Protothaca laciniata (Carpenter, 1864) 40-47 1984+ 20 Protothaca staminea (Conrad, 1837) 40-45 1984+ 100+ + Until 1990 only strongly sculp- tured, plain white valves found. Then only valves with flecking, zigzags, chevrons, large splotches, and small hieroglyphic markings in brown on cream. Many showed some purple patching inside. Petricola carditoides (Conrad, 1837) 15-31 4-88+ 36 Cryptomya californica (Conrad, 1837) 13-18 1984 2 Platyodon cancellatus (Conrad, 1837) 25-65 1984 + .50+ + Many paired valves were found in surf line in kelp holdfasts. Hiatella arctica (Linnaeus, 1767) 30 2-2-90 1 Panopea abnipta (Conrad, 1849) no 1-1987 2 These 2 valves are fossil forms. See Results. Penitella penita (Conrad, 1837) 52 2-2-88+ 5 Zirfaea pilsbryi Lowe, 1931 60-120 12-88+ 5 Parapholas californica (Conrad, 1837) 50-100 5-10-88+ 3 Chaecia ovoidea (Gould, 1851) 30-95 1987, 2-88 2 Mytilimeria nuttalli Conrad, 1837 25-30 5-89+ 6 These were undamaged and had some periostracum. Pandora punctata Conrad, 1837 32-35 9-10-89 2 Two intact valves found at same locality within 2 week Literature Cited period. ABBOTT, R. T. 1954. American seasheils. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, NY. 541 pp., 40 pis., 100 text figs. 1974. American seasheils, 2nd ed.. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, NY. 663 pp., 24 color pis., 4000+ text figs. 1986. Seasheils of North America. Golden Press, New York, NY. 280 pp., 1370 figs. COAN, E. 1964. The Mollusca of the Santa Barbara County area. Part 1 - Pelecypoda and Scaphopoda. Veliger 7(l):29-33. EISENBERG, J.M. 1989. Seasheils of the world. Crescent Books., New York, NY., 238 pp., 158 color pis., 138 line drawings. KEEN, A. M. & E. COAN 1974. Marine molluscan genera of western America. 2nd ed., Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, Calif., 205 pp. McLEAN, J.H. 1978. Marine shells of Southern California, rev. ed. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles County, sci. ser. 24, f04 pp., 54 pis. MORRIS, P.A. 1966. A field guide to Pacific coast shells. 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Mass. 297 pp., 72 pis. MORRIS, R.H., D.P. ABBOTT, & E.C. HADERLIE 1980. Intertidal invertebrates of California. Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, Calif, 690 pp., 900 color photos. REHDER, H.A. 1981. The Audobon Society field guide to North American seasheils. Knopf, New York, NY. 984 pp., 705 pis. SMITH, R.II. & J.T. CARLTON, eds. 1975. Light’s manual; intertidal invertebrates of the central California coast. 3rd ed. U. of Calif Press, Berkeley, Calif 716 pp. WALLER, T.R. 1991. Evolutionary relationships among commerical scallops (Mollusca: Pectinidae) in Shumway, Sandra E., ed.. Developments in aquaculture and fisheries science 21. Scallops: biology, ecology and aquaculture. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 12-73. Page 26 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(2):1992 BAHIA DE LOS ANGELES: MARVELOUS MOLLUSKS AND A WORD OF CAUTION HANS BERTSCH National University, 9920 South La Cienega Blvd., Inglewood, California 90301 For nearly 20 years I have been doing research at Bahia de los Angeles. I have conducted subtidal surveys of the benthic invertebrates along the shorelines of the bay and on the various islands. In addition to having gathered significant distributional data on geographic, bathymetric and seasonal differences among the opisthobranch mollusks, I have encountered numerous unnamed species and genera. Some of these have been named (for instance, Bojaeolis bertschi Gosliner & Behrens, 1986), or identified as conspecific with wide-ranging tropical or Indo-Pacific species, such as Lomanotus vemiiformis Eliot, 1908 and Phestilla lugnbris (Bergh, 1870). Others still await description {Okenia sp., Trapania sp., tritoniid gen. and spec. nov.). I also have recorded feeding observations (Histiomena convolvula [Lance, 1962] eats gorgonians), and I am beginning to understand the differences among subtidal microhabitats (the Punta La Gringa reef yields different species at various depths and locations on the rock outcropping). All of these changes and interrelationships among the opisthobranch mollusks occur against the broader background of significant temperature variation in the water (from 58°F in January and February to 83°F during August and September). There is also a magnificently obvious change in the presence of algae species. In spring and summer, the rocks at Punta La Gringa are completely covered with lush algal growths of Sargassum, Colpomanio, and a filamentous green alga. However, during the winter myriad specimens of a half dozen gorgonian species {Lophogorgia alba, Eugorgia aiirantiaca, Psammogorgia, Miiricea, etc.) stand upright, exposed and starkly barren, in the cold water. Because of current patterns and the deep channel between the mainland of the peninsula and Isla Angel de la Guarda, these waters are nutrient rich. Strong upwelling, tidal and other currents move organisms and their organic sustenance. I have been underwater when the light intensity suddenly dropped-a cloud covering the sun? No, it was a densely thick floating blood-red mass, grotesquely resembling an underwater "catsup cloud." It was one of the thickest congregations of red tide I had ever seen. It was almost frightening, and my dive partner Sam Mitani and I hunkered lower against the sand and rock rubble bottom to let this B-grade horror movie candidate pass above us! So you can easily imagine my excitement as I planned a recent trip to BLA, as I affectionately call this wondrous locale. The trip south eased the pain of traffic congestion on the Los Angeles and San Diego freeways. Driving along miles of card6n and cirio plants makes for a healthy attitude. I was also introducing a Baja California novice to the region (Ken Kramer, a student in my Marine Biology class at El Camino College), so there was a special attentiveness I paid to the environment as I pointed out unique plants and rock formations. We had spent Friday diving at Punta La Gringa, and found numerous species of nudibranchs. Most common was the sacoglossan Tridachiella diomedea (Bergh, 1894) (over 75 specimens, ranging in length from 10-39 mm). The other abundant species (5- 8 specimens) were an unnamed purple and brownish Okenia, my favorite rainbow aeolid Bajaeolis bertschi, the black-with-red-marginal racing-stripe Dendrodoris krebsii (Morch, 1863), the southern California Aeolidiella chromosoma (Cockerell, in Cockerell «& Eliot, 1905), and the bright orange notaspidean Berthellina engeli Gardiner, 1936. Another 10 species were represented by only one to three specimens. Pleasantly, we also saw specimens of the multi-armed sea star Heliaster kubiniji which is making a recovery from its population crash Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 27 several years ago. On Saturday we were diving north of Punta La Gringa, at a very isolated region. I had parked my truck in the arroyo behind the beach berm; we suited up, swam out, and dropped under. After two hours, we finally surfaced and returned to shore. It was a gorgeous sunny Bahia de los Angeles day, with mild temperatures. The surface of the water was calm (although the tidal change had given us an exhilarating ride underwater). I stepped up onto shore, slipped out of the backpack holding my tank, and then walked to the driver’s side of my truck to open the door. The side window in the extended cab was completely missing. The door’s keyhole was jammed. Glass shards were on the ground, as well as the plastic frame for the window that no longer existed. The unthinkable had happened. While I was underwater, somebody had broken into the truck (by the only way possible-by completely destroying one of the windows). I assessed the damage. Please remember that items I left in the truck had been discreetly concealed. However, the thief had apparently been watching us: missing were my camera, a scuba regulator (with depth and pressure gauges), my tool chest, a blanket, and my pants! On the pants were a Swiss army knife and a very distinctive belt buckle. Mexican car insurance specifically exempts payments for items stolen from a vehicle, and I wanted the dealership to replace my broken window and door lock. Hence, the losses were all too quickly mounting up-out of my pocket. After such a blatant violation of one’s privacy, there are several feelings that are appropriate. Disgust, rage, fear, and catch the [ ] (fill in your own epithet!). One response is simply to pack up and go home. Or one can try to get some action from the authorities. Well, I have been going to BLA for many years, I know many people in town, and I was not going to let this pass. In talking with my friends, I found out that several other Americans have also been robbed in this area, but left without reporting the event. My friends Chris and Greg had been robbed of several hundred dollars a month earlier; they had left quietly. One of my dear friends in Bahia de los Angeles is the mother-in-law of the mayor, and she urged me to report it to him. He told me that he has on file several other reports of robberies from that same area. I filed a complete report, and copies were made in triplicate. A radio message was even sent to the Federates at Punta Prieta. The event disturbed me because this is an area where I have felt safe and secure for many years. However, just one or a few individuals are responsible for this. The people of BLA need tourism. Regrettably the behavior of this irresponsible lawbreaker could have the effect of reducing visitors to the area. This is the first problem I have ever had there. I refuse to let one vermin spoil my feelings for a beautiful location and a wonderful group of people. So let me suggest the following, until we know that the individual has been arrested (I have seen the BLA jail-we would have less crime if American jails were built so barren!): -If you are visiting the Punta La Gringa area at BLA, do not leave your vehicle or camp unattended. Keep at least one person on shore or in the tent. -Watch out for someone on a small motorcycle who drives up and then immediately leaves the area on sighting people. -If you are robbed (anywhere in Mexico), report it to the authorities. They want this stopped as much as you and I, because the economic health of the peninsula of Baja California is dependent on tourism. -Keep serial numbers of everything. Exercise normal prudence and caution with valuables. There is nothing I could have done to stop what happened, unless one of my team had stayed on shore. Alarms do not work-you can’t hear them underwater, nor can anyone else on land. The area is isolated. -Use the "Neighborhood Watch" system. If you are on a beach, and see other people parked, camped, or visiting, get to know them, and watch out for each other. Friendliness is the best attitude in Mexico, the United States, indeed, the world. And if you see my pants, I need them! Page 28 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(2): 1992 1992 LOW TIDES FOR THE NORTHERN GULF OF CALIFORNIA The entries listed below show only periods of low tides of -4.0 feet and below. The times of low tides are given in Mountain Standard Time. To correct for San Felipe, subtract one hour from listed times which are for Puerto Penasco (San Felipe is on Pacific Standard Time). Tides below the midriff of the Gulf cannot be estimated using these entries. February 4. -4.2 at 8:30 AM 31. -4.2 at 9:00 AM 15. -4.2 at 6:20 PM 5. -4.0 at 9:00 AM August 16. -5.3 at 7:00 PM 15. -4.3 at 6:40 AM 27. -4.2 at 7:10 AM 17. -6.0 at 7:40 PM 16. -5.0 at 7:15 AM 28. -4.6 at 8:10 AM 18. -4.0 at 8:15 AM 17. -5.0 at 8:00 AM 29. -4.0 at 9:00 AM -6.0 at 8; 15 PM 18. -4.6 at 8:30 AM September 19. -4.2 at 9:00 AM May 25. -4.0 at 7:45 PM -5.0 at 9:00 PM 2. -4.1 at 7:00 AM 26. -4.2 at 8:15 PM 20. -4.2 at 9:30 AM 3. -4.2 at 7:30 AM 27. -4.1 at 8:50 PM March 4. -4.3 at 8:00 AM October 16. -4.3 at 6:00 PM 16. -4.1 at 7:40 AM 24. -4.2 at 7:00 PM 17. -4.1 at 7:15 AM 30. -4.0 at 8:00 AM 25. -4.3 at 7:40 PM -5.3 at 7:15 PM June 26. -4.1 at 8:10 PM 18. -5.3 at 7:50 AM 1. -4.2 at 7:40 AM November -5.0 at 7:50 PM 2. -4.3 at 8:10 AM 22. -4.1 at 6:20 PM 19. -6.0 at 8:15 AM 3. -4.1 at 9:00 AM 23. -4.2 at 7:00 PM -4.1 at 9:00 PM July 24. -4.0 at 7:50 PM 20. -5.3 at 9:00 AM 1. -5.0 at 7:40 AM December 21. -4.2 at 9:30 AM 2. -4.2 at 8:20 AM 9. -4.2 at 7:20 1 PM April 29. -4.1 at 7:50 AM 10. -4.3 at 8:00 PM 3. -4.2 at 8:00 AM 30. -4.4 at 8:20 AM 11. -4.1 at 8:30 PM CORRECTION TO "SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB SPONSORS ’MARINE FIELD STUDY’" We regret that in the January 1992 issue of The Festivus parts of two sentences were inadvertently omitted from the Buck & Hutsell article introducing the new Marine Field Study project of the San Diego Shell Club, a program initiated to encourage observation and conservation of our natural environment and provide amateurs with a repository for their interesting field observations and photos of living mollusks. This information stored, will be available to researchers, professional and amateur. Following is the section from the article with the missing words in italics. "Many amateurs, on the other hand, have both the opportunity and the time to observe a wide variety of mollusks and their behavior in a range of different natural habitats. What has been lacking in the past is a means by which these observations (or raw data) can be gathered, organized, and made available to others." SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB Membership List - 1992 ABBOTT, R. TUCKER, 2208 South Colonial Dr., Melbourne, FL 32902-2255, (407) 725-2260 ADAMS, ROSEMARY, 13346 Birchwood, Sunnymead, CA 92553 ALBI, YVONNE, P.O. Box 45828, Los Angeles, CA 90045 AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, Serials Unit, Library, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, NY 10024, (212) 769-5714 ARNOLD, TERRY, 2975 B St., San Diego, CA 92102, 235-8181 BARTON, GEORGE & PAULA, 620 S. Nevada St., Oceanside, CA 92054, 722-7281 BENNETT, JO & CHARLES, 1559 Tredegar Dr., Fort Myers, FL 33919, (813) 481-8306 BERSCHAUER, DAVID & FELICIA, 21%1 Bacalar, Mission Viejo, CA 92691, (714) 581-9979 BERTSCH, HANS, 4034 S. Pacific Ave. #21, San Pedro, CA 90731, (213) 833-8225 BISHOP,JOHN, 3026 Freeman, San Diego, CA 92106, 223-6038 BLOIS, MARSDEN S. Ill, 1309 San Mateo Dr., Menlo Park, CA 94025, (415) 321-4149 BOONE, CONSTANCE E., 3706 Rice Blvd., Houston, TX 77005, (713) 668-8252 BOSS, KENNETH, c/o Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, (617) 495-2468 BOUCHET, PHILLIPE, Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 55 Rue de Buffon, 75005 Paris, France BOYD, EDWARD & PATRICIA, 18218 Paradise Mountain no. 197, Valley Center, CA 92082, 749-9033 BRADNER, HUGH & MARGE, 1867 Caminito Marzella, La Jolla, CA 92037, 459-7681 BRATCHER, TWILA, 8121 Mulholland Terr., Los Angeles, CA 90046, (213) 656-4877 BRIDELL, AL & MARY, 2265 Gulf Drive, #240-E, Sanibel, FL 33957, (813) 472-1637 BROSIUS, GEORGE & DORIS, 1350 Loring St., San Diego, CA 92109, 488-0776 BROWN, BILLEE & BOB, 6333 La Jolla Blvd. #171, La Jolla, CA 92037, 454-5788 BUCK, LARRY & TONI, 2411 El Amigo Rd., Del Mar, CA 92014-3118, 792-5404 BUKRY, J. DAVID, U.S.G.S. MS-915, 345 Middlefield Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025 BURCH, TOM & BEATRICE, P.O. Box 309, Kailua, HI 96734, (808) 261-7465 CANNON, KATHIE, 129 East 8th St., National City, CA 92050, 297-9348 CARR, WALTER, 2043 Mohawk Dr., Pleasant Hill, CA 94523, (510) 938-2251 CASTOR, JANE C., 854 Via Granada, Santa Barbara, CA 93103, (805) 569-0293 CATARIUS, LARRY & DEBBIE, 4173 Galt St., San Diego, CA 92117, 270-4376 CHANEY, BARBARA, 1633 Posilipo Lane, Santa Barbara, CA 93108, (805) 969-1434 CHIPPEAUX, EDITH R. & HARRY L., 1308 Biltmore Dr., Fort Myers, FL. 33901, (813) 936-4058 CLOVER, PHILLIP, P.O. Box 339, Glen Ellen, CA 95442, (707) 996-6960 COAN, GENE, 891 San Jude Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94306, (415) 493-8242 COOK, BUNNIE & GEORGE, 1120 Makaiwa St., Honolulu, HI 96816, (808) 737-8050 COOVERT, GARY, 36 Prospect Ave., Dayton, OH 45415, (513) 275-7431 D’ATTILIO, TONY (Hon), 2415 29th St., San Diego, CA 92104, 281-9731 DESCHAINE, LEWIS, 3029 Silver Lake Rd., St. Anthony, MN 55418 DOI, MATTHEW S., 16209 Taylor Ct., Torrance, CA 90504-1902, (213) 329-3201 DRAPER, BERTRAM, 8511 Bleriot Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90045, (213) 645-6973 DUSHANE, HELEN, 9460 Friendly Woods Lane, Whittier, CA 90605, (310) 696-0687 EERNISSE, DOUGLAS J., Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1079, (313) 747-2193 EVERSON, GENE, 500 Nottingham Pky., Louisville, KY 40222 FARMER, WES, 3591 Ruffin Rd., #226, San Diego, CA 92123, 576-2143 FLENTZ, MARY & JOHN B., 149 Via La Soledad, Redondo Beach, CA 90277, (310) 375-6400 FORRER, RICHARD B., P.O. Box 462, Northfield, Ohio 44067, (216) 467-7201 FOSTER, ROBERT, P.O. Box 3010, Santa Barbara, CA 93130-3010, (805) 963-3228 FRANK, RICHARD K. & CAROLYN A, 322 E. Wilshire Ave., Apt. B., Fullerton, CA 92632, (714) 680- 0886 GARDNER, SANDRA, 1755 University Ave., Palo Alto, CA 94301, (415) 328-8855 GEMMELL, JOYCE, 150 S. Anza Sp. 47C, EL Cajon, CA 92020, 447-8004 GOLDBERG, RICHARD, P.O. Box 137, Fresh Meadows, NY 11365 GORI, SANDRO, Via Sernesi 7, Livorno, Italy GREEN, DAVE, LUCILLE & KRISTEN, 12307 Laneview Dr., Houston, TX 77070, (713) 376-5630 HAMILTON, IAN, 4490 Menlo Ave. #9, San Diego, CA 92115, 281-2406 HANSELMAN, GEO. & Virginia, 5818 Tulane St., San Diego, CA 92122, 453-3019 HAWAIIAN MALACOLOGICAL SOCIETY, P.O. Box 22130, Honolulu, HI 96822 HERRMANN, RICHARD & GINNY, 12545 Mustang Dr., Poway, CA 92064, 679-7017 HERTZ, JULES & CAROLE, 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111, 277-6259 HILLIS, ROBERT & LEAH, 465 El Monte Rd., El Cajon, CA 92020, 440-0727 HOLLMANN, Michael, 14175 Half Moon Bay Dr., Del Mar, CA 92014, 259-6657 HOUSTON, ROY, Dept, of Biology, Loyola Marymount University, Loyola Blvd. at West 80th St., Los Angeles, CA 90045, (213) 642-3126 HUTSELL, KIM, LINDA & JEREMY, 5720 Gaines St. #23 San Diego, CA 92110, 295-8330 JACKSON, JOHN & ELLEN, 11558 Rolling Hills Dr., El Cajon, CA 92020, 579-1084 JOHNSON, JOHN, 105 Gabriel Cove, Munford, TN 38058 JOHNSON, MICHAEL & KELLY, 4218 60th St., San Diego, CA 92115, 583-5119 KAISER, KIRSTIE, c/o Hoyt USA, 475 N.Neil Armstrong Rd., Salt Lake City, UT 84116-2881 KEMP, BRUCE, 9420D Carlton Oaks Dr., Santee,CA 92071, 449-7610, 225-7494(work) KENNEDY, GEORGE, Invertebrate Paleontology, Los Angeles County Museum, 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007, (213) 744-4368 KING, BOB & JUNE, 4269 Hawk St., San Diego, CA 92103, 296-0574 KOCH, BOB & WENDY, 1215 West Seldon Lane, Phoenix, AZ 85021, (602) 943-0816 LAFORET, GEORGETTE, 1119 Periwinkle #176, Sanibel, FL 33957 LAGRANGE, JOHN & LINDA, 533 North Rios, Solana Beach, CA 92075, 755-7215 LEONARD, FRED L., 800 North 41st Ave., Hollywood, FL 33021 LEVINE, ANNITA, 139-62 Pershing Crescent, Jamaica, NY 11435, (718) 526-5044 LIGHTFOOT, JOANNE, P.O. Box 2295, Sedona, AZ 86336, (602) 282-7374 LINDAHL, KEN & MARGE, 202 Grand Canal, Balboa Island, CA 92662, (714) 673-1743 LUCUM, LOIS M., 702 Alder, Edmonds, WA 98020, (206) 778-3372 LUTHER, DOUG & MARY, 6034 Soledad Mtn. Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, 534-4739 MCCLINCY, RICHARD J., 809 St. George Rd., Danville, CA 94526, (415) 838-3217 MCPEAK, RON & MARY, 7989 La Brusca Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008, 942-3489 METZ, GEORGE, 121 Wild Horse Valley Dr., Novato, CA 94947, (415) 892-4960 MICHEL, JOHN & NOLA, 4758 Mt. Cervin Dr., San Diego, CA 92117, 278-9088 MULLINER, DAVID &' MARGARET, 5283 Vickie Dr., San Diego, CA 92109, 488-2701 MUNEKATA, HIROSHI, 3385 Kita-toyama Komaki-shi, Aichi-Ken, 485 Japan MYERS, JOHN & BARBARA, 3761 Mt. Augustus Ave., San Diego, CA 92111, 279-9806 NATIONAL MUSEUM OF NEW ZEALAND, The Librarian, P.O. Box 467, Wellington, New 2^aland NEGUS, RICHARD H., 3401 Woodland Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008, 434-9808 NELSON, LOIS, 1310 W. Palmaire Ave., Phoenix, AZ 85021, (602) 997-9196 NESHEIM, DAVID A & KATHLEEN, 26515 Hawkhurst Dr., Rancho Palos Verdes, CA 90274, (213) 541- 1568 NORRID, HAL & CHARLOTTE, 233 E. Cairo Dr., Tempe, AZ 85282, (602) 967-4957 OLSEN, LEON, 3923 Ingraham, Apt. V207, San Diego, CA 92109, 274-3392 PERRIN, MARILYN, 10960 Via Abaca, San Diego, CA 92126, 586-0175 PETIT, RICHARD E., P.O. Box 30, N. Myrtle Beach, SC 29582, (803) 249-1454 PISOR, DON & JEANNE, 10373 El Honcho PI., San Diego, CA 92124, 279-9342 POORMAN, ROY & FORREST, 15300 Magnolia St. Sp. 55, Westminster, CA 92683, (714) 892-6730 REGULA MARY & STAN, 15838 Avenida Villaha #177, San Diego, CA 92128, 673-9110 RICE, TOM, P.O. Box 219, Port Gamble, WA 98364, (206) 297-2426 ROBERTSON, WALLY & MARILYN, c/o 1137 Prospect St., La Jolla, CA 92037, 459-6858 ROMER, BILL, 3249 Towser, San Diego, CA 92123, 278-2389 S.I.O., C-075-C, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093 SAGE, WALTER E. Ill, Depl. Marine Invertebrates, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park W. at 79th, New York, NY 10024, (212) 769-5717 SANTA BARBARA MUSEUM (NH), The Library, 2559 Puesta del Sol Rd., Santa Barbara, CA 93105, (805) 682-4711 SCHNEIDER, WILLIAM, 12829 Carriage Rd., Poway, CA 92064, (619) 748-2822 SCOTT, PAUL, Santa Barbara Museum (NH), 2559 Puesta del Sol Rd., Santa Barbara, CA 93105, (805) 682-4711 ext. 319 SEYBOLT,KIM, 2130 Oliver St., San Diego, CA 92109, 581-9220 SHASKY, DONALD R., 834 W. Highland Ave., Redlands, CA 92373, (714) 792-1236 SKINNER, DREW V. JR., P.O. Box 208, Bremerton, WA 98310, (206) 876-0214 SKOGLUND, CAROL & PAUL, 3846 E. Highland Ave., Phoenix, AZ 85018, (602) 955-2072 SMITH, VIVIENNE B., 16331 Porto Bello St. NW, Bokeelia, FL 33922 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES, Library Acquisitions Acct. # 9010520201, Washington, D.C. 20560 STEPHENS, SUSAN B., P.O. Box 217, 425 Lighthouse Way, Sanibel, FL 33957, (813) 472-1654 STEWART, KATHERINE, 19 La Rancheria, Carmel Valley, CA 93924, (408) 659-2321 STOHLER, RUDOLF (Hon), 1584 Milvia St., Berkeley, CA 94709 TAYLOR, ROLAND & KAY, 2437 Aster St., San Diego, CA 92109, 274-2998 THOMAS, CHARLES & VIVIAN, 5253 Mt. Alifan Dr., San Diego, CA 92111, 277-4483 UPTON, VIRGINIA, P.O. Box 2228, Sierra Vista, AZ 85636 VALLI, ADRIAN & SHERRY, 940 Mariner St., Carlsbad, CA 92009, 931-6629 VAUGHT, KAY, 12000 No. 90th St., Apt. 3038, Scottsdale, AZ 85260, (602) 451-2416 VOKES, EMILY & HAROLD, Dept, of Geology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, (504) 865- 5198 VON KRIEGELSTEIN, DOUG, 11288 San Juan, Loma Linda, CA 92354, (714) 825-7207 VOSO, ED «& HELEN, 1815 Sweetwater Rd. sp. 134, Spring Valley, CA 92077, 469-8308 WATERS, CHARLES, 308 S. Guadalupe, Redondo Beach, CA 90277, (310) 316-8214 WEBER, GLADYS, 6439 West Myrtle Ave., #79, Glendale, AZ 85301, (602) 934-5964 WELTY, STEPHEN, Box 639, Dubois, WY 82513, (307) 455-2922 WOOLSEY, JODY, 3717 Bagley Ave. #206, Los Angeles, CA 90034, (213) 839-1604 YEEND, ARTHUR & MARGENETTE, 5668 Lord Cecil St., San Diego, CA 92122, 453-0531 YIN, BOB, 1275 Torrey Pines Rd., La Jolla, CA 92037, 454-2342 YOUNG, HERB & WILMA, 14550 Stone Ave., North Seattle, WA 98133, (206) 364-8327 . ft I ^ A/ :.'..-ir,T-: lai •i>'.^’:i, ‘S' , :K4a*v *" ■• .4’ ■■’ '■■ %■ ••••.•>•'■■ •• . ',' ^■.'. 'Wv. ■ ';r , ■: ' -; |»^■ U^e;';%V %S '•"''’'1 '■ tv.-:, ^ ■ , -'I ’£ :f '-V ■"■■.<. Aj^ ' . : ■ " ' ' e ■■ - ' Ai ' ■> -Mm,. j'C?K?.' -'■m*. M :,,-,US 'f *.' „ft ^ :rm^ p, mmA .ii ih^ • ‘ ■ ' ¥H '• E . ‘ 5A^ .A3. '•i ft -• /fti!'' .iLl'i v,,_ \o_^ - »*•»•• - ‘ ' . '*E,.\# i ' ■■' ;-ii *.A.„, /'.,..„ , ^-i '"A ' ' <>{ . • ... " ' *& "A xt ;. ,.-i, . ‘4 , '■ V'. ■ Uj*' E';'.. .1^;; ' . ■ , v^V'l.^ •( />>.,:■ ■i, ^if', -"A - 'iHA ;!j^#J;{W .f^UDY •' - ^ ^ ' ' ■' ' ',v.<, y,M, ■ • ' ', - ’ft"'' ■';:?!"^‘^ ■' •» s» •- A'h ■’> • '' 1 •'■■ •. :., !i:'*^ -!^^;; •'': ■''t'ifiimt. '«".<„> i^:¥i ■„ „ y ■ ■■■ "' ' ;r''”^^'''/''':'"* ’•'Ay.; I ’A ■ ' -, , _ '■ <; ; ; ,.:• r-. nt.**"’’' ■ ,i.v''.. •».»•«■:.... ,r"» ' ' ' '_■ ' : •;■ ^■'f ■; ■■,((.. >t»r^ii. M. ^ A mi '\ ' I ■%s7 '■' '»*, ■■ ■';' ■<. ■:. 'ft’ ■;;■ •.■ ':..,„X., ;A,'.A.^^V';E'::',,y .ip y\ ■■ ^:('* E' -.?:•!>; A> , '•, ' •'.ft'in''^: :'■ E.:'^ ; •4-' .S’ . ' . I... * -?<\ . '■'•■ •••.. ■ ‘S‘ »v '■*• VX ■ ./ •''' 'V.v . . ft C'-- t ^ ,'• '" »', •< '.'” ' ■ ?'•■•■ •: |l !'• » „• -.■ ;v ? ^i,';'>c7.js^V/' .n '•' JA. . ■.. W'- ISSN 0738-9388 4THE FESTIVUS publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV March 12, 1992 Number: 3 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) Treasurer Past President CLUB STAFF Historian Librarian FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Business Manager Photographer Jules Hertz Terry Arnold Richard Negus Kathie Cannon Margaret Mulliner Larry Buck Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz Jules Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Membership (includes family): $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $15.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Tucker Abbott American Malacologixts Henry W. Chaney Santa Barbara Museum of NaUi Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony DAttilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural Histoiy Terrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural Histoty Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural Histoiy Paul Scott Santa Barbara Museum of Natural Histoiy Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM Conservation of Marine and Coastal Environments Donald B. Kent, Senior Vice President of Hubbs Sea World Research Institute and Adjunct Professor at San Diego State University, will give an illustrated program outlining the current research programs at Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute related to conservation of marine and coastal environments. His research has been related to aquaculture, fisheries and whales. Meeting date: March, 19, 1992 CONTENTS Club news 30 Panamic puzzles: Oliva kerstitchi - yes, no or maybe? BOB KOCH 31 Book news: Pacific Coast Nudibranchs reviewed HANS BERTSCH, reviewer 34 Corrections and additions to "Additions to the Panamic Province Bivalve (Mollusca) Literature 1971 to 1990" CAROL SKOGLUND 36 Page 30 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(3): 1992 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - February 13, 1992 President Jules Hertz conducted the business meeting, a summary of which follows: New publications were announced and shared and can be checked out from the library. Volunteers are still needed for the following: Botanical Garden Rep. to attend the monthly meetings of the Botanical Garden Foundation; Hospitality Committee volunteers to help the Hutsells. Donations are needed for the Club Shell Auction to be held on April 25th. Bring your items to the next meeting or call a board member to arrage for pickup. [See article, this page, Ed.) The Christmas party will be held December 5th at the Shanghai Restaurant where it was held a year ago. Marine Field Study data forms are now available. Turn in completed forms to Terry Arnold. The Hertzes were the first ones to turn in a completed form. The door prize was won by George Barton and the cookies were brought by Rick Negus and Ian Hamilton. The speaker for the evening was Dave Mulliner who gave a slide show on the Sea of Cortez, Baja California, Mexico. He shared with us a visual presentation of his and Margaret’s last trip to the Gulf. We were able to sec the different flora and fauna of the area plus many interesting sights above and below the water. He also had many beautiful slides of living mollusks, including, once again, the spectacular nudibranchs. Thank you, Dave, for the wonderful show. It was enjoyed by all. Come to the Club’s Annual Auction/Potiuck! The Club’s annual Auction/Potiuck will be held on April 25th at the club house of hosts Sherry and Adrian Valli in Carlsbad. The festivities will begin at 6:00 PM. (Additional details and a map will be included in the April issue of The Fcstjvus.) Your quality specimen shells, with collecting data where possible, and shell related items are much needed to make this auction a success. Some exciting prize specimens have already been donated such as: Cypraea olgoensis, C. fusconibra, Conus bullatiis, C. gloriamaris, Monim grande, and the beautiful muricids Pteiynotus loebbeckei and P. miyokoae. Please bring your donation to the next meeting or contact a board member to arrange for its pickup. Besides being the favorite event of the year, the Auction is the Club’s only fundraiser and supports projects such as The Festivus, student awards, donations to scientific publications. Marine Field Study project and the Club library. A signup sheet for potluck contributions will be available at the March meeting and the telephone committee will contact members as well. Too Late for the Roster Faulconer, Heidrun & Philip, P.O. Box 82632, San Diego, CA 92128, 222-8082 Meier, John, 4102 Wynford Circle, Pensacola, FL 32504 Webster, Mella & Herb, 34021-A Ruby Lantern, Dana Point, CA 92629, (714) 240-1606 Woods, William, P.O. Box 231397, San Diego, CA 92194, 2.34-9107 Wuyts, Jean, 82 Koningsarendlaan, 2100-Deurne 4, Antwerp 22, Belgium Correction to the Roster Cannon, Kathie, phone number is: 237-0641 Second International Shell Show in Belgium The Belgian Society for Conchology announces their 2nd international shell show to be held on May 10, 1992 at the Damian Institute, Aarschot, Belgium. For further information contact R. De Roover, Vorstersiaan 7, 2180 Ekeren, Belgium. Tel. 03/644.34.29. Vol. XXIV(3): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 31 PANAMIC PUZZLES: OLIVA KERSTITCHI - YES, NO OR MAYBE? BOB KOCH 1215 West Seldon Lane, Phoenix, Arizona 85021 In 1979 Alex Kerstitch, a well known SCUBA enthusiast and author from Tucson, Arizona, discussed and illustrated, in an article published in the Hawaiian Shell News, "a new banded form of Oliva polpasta Duclos, 1833." Diving to 67 meters off Los Frailes, Baja California Sur, Mexico, he collected three specimens. Other specimens, according to Kerstitch, were subsequently "taken by shrimp trawlers south of Cabo San Lucas [Baja California Sur, Mexico]." Then in 1985, A.J. Da Motta described a "new" Olive shell from the Panamic Province - Oliva kerstitchi. He stated that "The new species is closest to Oliva polpasta Duclos, 1833, and O. spicata Roding, 1798." but it "is readily recognizable from its two buff-colored bands, always present as a typical feature.. .and because the new species is sympatric [i.e., co-existent] with its two Pacific congeners, its status as a separate species can thus be considered established." Well, maybe. The holotype and 6 paratypes were taken, according to Da Motta, either by divers at Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, Mexico, or trawled by shrimpers below 50 meters along the "coast of West Mexico." In the "Atlas" of Olive shells by Petuch and Sargent (1986) these authors continue to consider this a distinct species. In their view O. kerstitchi "appears, at first, to be a smaller banded version of O. polpasta, but it differs in having a more slender shell without a swollen shoulder, a larger and more exserted protoconch." The unmistakable color bands are described as "white" and they conclude (page 123) that this shell is a "deep water species. ..endemic to the Gulf of California." Well, maybe. The first reference to a banded form that I can locate was in the extensive, and well worth studying, discussion of the Panamic Olives by Burch and Burch (1959). They mention a growth series in their collection from the Galdpagos Islands, where "Many of them have two wide light-colored bands on the body whorl." Another "large set of strikingly banded shells" came from La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Looking at the combined Skoglund and Koch collections of O. polpasta- 47 lots ranging from one to over 70 shells- our initial encounter with this banded Olive occurred in 1970 when a single specimen was found along with five O. polpasta dredged at Manzanillo, Jalisco, Mexico. Since it was discovered with O. polpasta, it was simply considered a color variant. This was the conclusion also drawn by the Burches. Since then we have dredged this species or color form in a.ssociation with O. polpasta at the following locations: the Islas Perlas, Golfo de Panamd; Caleta de Campos, Michoacdn; and Bahia Navidad and Bahia Tenacatita, Jalisco, Mexico, at about 12-43 m. (Carol Skoglund has some trawled material taken at greater depths.) Given the degree of variability which O. polpasta exhibits in ground color and color markings, in outline and shape and in the shape and size of the nucleus, our banded forms fit comfortably within what can be considered these limits of variability (Figure 1). The nuclei show some degree of variation, but alt are what I consider the typical polpasta nucleus (Figures 2- 5). The Burches have discussed this conclusion in greater detail. But, is it significant that a distinct and unvarying color form could be found with so wide a geographical distribution? We have several other lots of O. polpasta containing specimens which evidence a similar and distinct banding pattern, but the color of the band is the same as the ground color of the shell. The Burches speak of "a large set" from Bahia Culebra, Page 32 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(3): 1992 Figure I. Oliva polpasla Duclos, 1833, group of juveniles and adults taken from a lot of over 30 shells dredged at Barra de Navidad, Jalisco, Mexico, in 12-43 m in muddy sand with shell debris and weeds. Leg. R. Koch, May 27-30, 1091. The ground colored banded form (the adult specimen on the extreme left) shows the slimmer form some adults of this species exhibit. Photo; D. K. Mulliner. Figure 2. O. polpasla, protoconch and early teleoconch whorls of adult specimen, second from left in Figure 1. Photo: D. K. Mulliner. Figure 3. O. polpasla, protoconch and early teleoconch whorls of adult specimen, third from left in Figure 1. Photo: D. K. Mulliner. Costa Rica, "including some interesting variations and most of them lightly banded." The "color form" callosa Li, 1930, as illustrated by Peiuch and Sargent, appears to show the same ground color type of banding. But no mention is made of this feature in their very brief description. Could this be a transitional form between O, polpasla and O, kerstilchil From our various lots I assembled a representative growth series ranging in size from 14 to 35 mm, and the cream-colored banding is relatively constant from juveniles to subadults to mature specimens . And when each shell is placed side by side with a comparable-sized O, polpasla (remembering the variability factor), I frankly cannot discern any notable difference in shell Vol. XXIV(3): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 33 morphology. This, too, was the opinion of the Burches who had access to a vastly greater amount of material for study. So what do we really have here in O. kerstitchi: a true species, subspecies, or just a color form? Figure 4. O. polpasta, protoconch and early teleoconch wliorls of banded juvenile specimen at top of photo in Figure 1. Photo: D. K. Mulliner Where does the transitional form fit into this picture? What about the geographic distribution? Based on my interpretation of shell morphology, O. kerstitchi should be considered simply a color form of O. polpasta. Figure 5. O. polpasia, greatly magnified view of protoconch of specimen shown in Figure 4. Photo: D. K. Mulliner LITERATURE CITED BURCH, JOHN Q. & ROSE L. BURCH 1959. Olividae. Conchological Club of Southern California, Minutes 184:24-26 (January). DA MOTTA, A. J. 1985. Two new Olive species. La Conchiglia 17:8-9, 1 fig. (March-April). KERSTITCH, ALEX 1979. Sea of Cortez yields rare mollusks. Hawaiian Shell News 37(9): 1, 10, 1 fig. (September). PETUCH, EDWARD J. & DENNIS M. SARGENT 1986. Atlas of the living Olive shells of the world. Coastal Education & Research Foundation [CERE], Charlottesville, Virginia, pp. 1-253, pis. 1-39. Page 34 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(3): 1992 BOOK NEWS PACIFIC COAST NUDIBRANCHS, Second edition by David W. Behrens. 1991. Publisher: Sea Challengers vi +107 pages On a recent expedition to the Gulf of California, I had collected an anomalous specimen of Acanthodoris which I could not immediately identily. After returning to town, I photographed the animal under the dimming light of a January late afternoon cloud cover. All that day, the electric generator for the whole town of Bahia de los Angeles had not been working because their diesel supply had run out. Sitting in my hotel room after sunset, by the quivering yellow light of an oil lantern, I determined the species of my unidentified animal using David W. Behrens’ second edition of Pacific Coast Nudibranchs. This book works under Baja C.alifornia field-tested conditions. One can conveniently describe this book as consisting of three main sections: introductory material, species descriptions (the heart of the book), and a classification scheme and literature cited. Lxt me briefly describe each part. Section One: The book begins with 28 pages of well-written and useful text summarizing what we know about the biology and anatomy of the Opisthobranchia. I consider it "must reading" for all who want to gain a good introductory knowledge of the opisthobranchs. It begins with a discussion of their general characteristics, evolutionary adaptations and shift from using the shell as protection to chemical defensive means; following are terse, clear summaries of feeding and the radula, sensory organs and the rhinophores, respiratory appendages, and opisthobranch reproduction. Each of these topics is superbly illustrated. There are scanning electron micrographs of the radulae of seven opisthobranch species (courtesy of Dr. Terrence M. Gosliner), color photographs of the egg masses of various nudibranchs and a cephalaspidean, stippled line drawings of whole animals (representing the major opisthobranch body forms) and detailed close-up drawings showing the variety of different shapes that slug gills, rhinophores, and cerata can assume. The introductory section concludes with a pictorial glossary and dichotomous key to the orders and suborders of opisthobranchs; again the line drawings are superb and allow anyone (even someone unfamiliar with the curious anatomical structures of sea slugs) to use these sections. They form an integral part of this identification guide, properly leading an observer to the cxtrrect section of the color species photographs. Section Two: Species descriptions (pages 28- 100) include full color photographs of 217 species of opisthobranchs with descriptive notes. For every species, there is a verbal description of the salient external diagnostic features (under Identification), radular formula, size and range. There are numerous references documenting the sources of various items of information. Two other additional topics are often discussed: etymology and natural history. I found relatively few errors in the text. The author and year citation is also given for each species (something missing in previous Sea Challenger publications, but what 1 and most other professional marine biologists consider an essential component to the name of an organism). Some species have their common English names listed in small print, but many do not; the emphasis is on the correct scientific name of the species! Apparently the photographs were chosen by a team of late-night slide watchers, viewing contributions from over two dozen underwater or biological photographers. They are magnificent. Most of the photographs are excellent, depicting the colors and shapes of these foudroyantly beautiful ocean dwellers. Even casually paging through the book, one is frequently halted on a photograph by the brilliance of its color, the sharpne.ss of the image, or the marvelous morphological diversity of the organism, some are obviously aquarium staged photographs, but many are in situ photographs, that also reveal the biology of the species (e.g., Phyllaplysia taylori Dali, 1900, on the seagrass Zostera, and Elysia hedgpctlii Marcus, 1961, on the finger alga Codiuni). Vol. XXIV(3): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 35 Section Three: Concluding this guidebook, are a classification scheme of the opisthobranch mollusks described in the book, and a three-page literature cited. The majority of the references were published since 1980 (after the publication of the first edition). This is an extremely valuable and useful addition, and allows nearly an immediate entrance into the incredibly large number of opisthobranch publications that have appeared in the last decade. An index to scientific names (thankfully omitting an index to English common names) is on the inside cover and endpage. I think that the addition of another folio of pages (or even half- folio) would have given the author few extra pages to spread out a few' tight layouts, add some historical information, include several maps, and not use the inside cover space! One must compare this new edition with Dave’s first edition. The layout of the species descriptions is different (photo and description are on the same page, illustrations therefore appearing on the outer half of each page, rather than text on one page and illustrations on the facing page); a welcome change. This makes the book far more useful, because one can cursorily thumb through the book to find an animal, without having to open and search the "innard" of every page. Species coverage, bibliography, quality of photographs-BIGGER and better than the first edition. Contrasting the two editions, published 10 years apart, documents the progress that has been made in our knowledge and understanding of alpha-level (and higher) taxonomy, evolutionary ecology, and the zoogeography of the opisthobranch gastropods in the eastern north Pacific temperate and cold water faunal regions. It would not be inappropriate to comment that Dave Behrens’ first edition of Pacific Coast Nudibranchs played an instrumental role in stimulating and encouraging a significant amount of this new research. I believe his second edition will be equally pivotal. More that 50 years ago, Steinbeck and Ricketts wrote (in of Cortez, chapter 10), "The reports of biologists are the measure, not of the science, but of the men themselves.... In some reports it is impossible, because of inept expression, to relate the descriptions to the living animals. In some papers collecting places are so mixed and ignored that the animals mentioned cannot be found at all.... It is usually found that only the little stufly men object to what is called ’popularization,’ by which they mean writing with a clarity understandable to one not familiar with the tricks and codes of the [scientific] cult. We have not known a single great scientist who could not discourse freely and interestingly with a child." Yes, this book is not just for children, but for the child in us all who asks, questions, and wonders about the life of the ocean. It is also for the scientist in us who seeks, discovers and describes new marvels about the life of the ocean. Dave Behrens’ Pacific Coast Nudibranchs, Second Edition, is scientifically accurate, clearly understandable, and communicates a wealth of information. The descriptions are clear, informative, and relate to the living creatures. I like this book very much. And being good science, it works. Every person with an interest in, or love affair with, the ocean should buy this book for his or her personal reference library. Hans Bertsch [Editor’s note: This book is available for circulation in the Club library.] WESTERN SOCIETY OF MALACOLOGISTS ANNOUNCES TWENTY-FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING The twenty-fifth annual meeting of the Western Society of Malacologists (WSM) will be held at Asilomar, Pacific Grove California. The Conference will be from June 30 - July 3, 1992, with the last day devoted to field trips. The Meeting’s agenda will include a symposium on Cocos Island, Costa Rica; an Opisthobranch symposium; contributed papers; shell auction; and banquet. For further information contact Pres. David K. Mulliner (619- 488-2701) or Treas. Henry Chaney (805-682-4711). Page 36 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(3); 1992 CORRECTIONS AND ADDITIONS TO "ADDITIONS TO THE PANAJVIIC PROVINCE BIVAEVE (MOLLUSCA) LITERATURE 1971 TO 1990" CAROL SKOGLUND 3846 E. Highland Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona 850 18 Many thanks to Kay Vaught and Jules Hertz for finding the errors that need correcting. Corrections Page 15. Correct spelling from Dolfuss to Dollfus. 16. Correct spelling from Pectinna to Peciinina. 18. Correct date on subgenus Peplum from 1888 to 1889. 23. Correct author on genus Codakia to Scopoli, 1777. 26. Correct spelling on subfamily Eryciniinae to Erycininae. 27. Correct date on subfamily Kelliinae from 1989 to 1849. 31. Correct genus on numbers 370, 371, 372 from Trachycardium to Trigoniocardia. 39. Correct dale on subgenus Elliptotellina from 1888 to 1898. 41. Add subfamily Macominae Olsson, 1961 (Bernard, 1983a) before genus Leporimetis. 45. Correct date on genus NiittalUa from 1908 to 1898. 49. Add subfamily Spheniinae Turton, 1822 (Bernard, 1983a). Add author and date to genus Sphenio Turton, 1822. 50. Correct date on genus Hiatella from 1802 to 1801. 56. Correct date on genus Policordia from 1939 to 1938. Additions Extend distribution south to Manabi Province, Ecuador, for the following numbers 1 through 661 (Shasky, 1984d). 1 Solemya johnsoni Dali, 1891. 163 Isognomon janiis Carpenter, 1857. 175 Ostrea tubulifera Dali, 1914. 195 Leptopecten hiolkyi (Herllein & Strong, 1946). 236 Tellidorella crisuilata Berry, 1963. 245 Condylocardia digueli Lamy, 1916. 246 Condylocardia hippopiis (Morch, 1861). 274 Lucina approximaia (Dali, 1901). 275 Lucina mazailanica Carpenter, 1857. 277 Lucina tcucocymoides (Lowe, 1935). 291 Diplodonia inezensis (Herllein & Strong, 1947). 296 Phlyclidcrrna discrepans (Carpenter, 1857). 305 Cymalioa pulclira (Philippi, 1849). 350 Chama sordida Broderip, 1835. 376 Nemocardium pazianum (Dali, 1916). 523 Tellina pacifica Dali, 1900. 551a Tellina cuniingii argis Olsson, 1971. 582 Temnoconcha cognata (C.B. Adams, 1852). 640 Semele pilsbiyi Olsson, 1961. 649 Semele sparsilineata Dali, 1915. 661 Semelina subquadrata (Carpenter, 1857). 671 Cfyptomya californica (Conrad, 1837). Anatomy and egg figured (Lawry, 1987). Literature Cited BERNARD, FRANK R. 1983a. Catalogue of the living Bivalvia of the eastern Pacific Ocean: Bering Strait to Cape Horn. Canadian spec. Publ. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 61:1-102. LAWRY, EDWIN V. 1987. Ciypiomyii califomiai (Conrad, 1837): observations on its habitat, behtivior, anatomy and physiology. Veliger 30(l):46-54, figs. 1-4 (,)ul. 1). SHASKY, DONALD R. 1984d. A preliminary checklist of marine mollusks from Manabi' Province, Ecuador. Western Soc. Malacol. Ann. Rept. 16:25-32 (May 31). SKOGLUND, CAROL 1991. Additions to the Panamic Province bivalve (Mollusca) literature 1971 to 1990. Festivus 22(suppl. 2):i-v-l- 1-79 (May 9). ISSN 0738-9388 QL ihfi^ %ll iTHE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV April 9, 1992 Number: 4 CLUB OFnCERS SCIENTinC REVIEW BOARD President Jules Hertz R. Tucker Abbott Vice President Terry Arnold American Malacologists Secretary (Corres.) Richard Negus Henry W. Chaney Secretary (Record.) Kathie Cannon Santa Barbara Museum of NaUiral History Treasurer Margaret Mulliner Eugene V. Coan Past President Larry Buck Research Associate California Academy of Sciences CLUB STAFF Anthony D’Attilio Historian Linda Hufsell 2415 29th Street Librarian Margaret Mulliner San Diego, California 92104 FESTIVUS STAFF Douglas J. Eernisse Editor Carole M. Hertz University of Michigan Business Manager Jules Hertz William K. Emerson Photographer David K. Mulliner American Museum of Natw'al Histoiy Terrence M. Gosliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION California Academy of Sciences Annual dues are payable to San Diego James H. McLean Shell Club. Membership (includes Los Angeles County Museum of Natural Histoiy family): $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): Barry Roth Sl.'i.OO; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Research Associate Address all correspondence to the Santa Barbara Museum of NaUiral History San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Paul Scott Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 Santa Barbara Museum of Naniral History Emily H. Vokes The Festivus is published monthly except Tulane University December. The publication date appears on the masthead above :. Single copies of Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM this issue: $5.00 plus postage. Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park COME TO THE AUCTION/POTLUCK! Saturday evening, April 25th 6:00 PM -? For details. see Page 44 and map on last page. There is no regular meeting this month. CONTENTS Additional notes on Favartia giiomensis Emerson & D’Attilio, 1979 and Favartia crouchi (Sowerby, 1893) DONALD R. SHASKY 38 Library news 40 Finding Hexobronchiis sanguineus, the Spanish Dancer DAVID K. MULLINER 42 Pterynotus pinniger (Broderip, 1833) at Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico LARRY BUCK 42 Vimlaria salebrosa (King & Broderip, 1832) on eggs JOHN JACKSON 43 Club news 44 Map for detaching Page 38 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(4): 1992 ADDITIONAL NOTES ON FAVARTIA GUAMENSIS EMERSON & D’ATTILIO, 1979 AND FAVARTIA CROUCHI (SOWERBY, 1893) DONALD R. SHASKY 834 W. Highland Avenue, Redlands, California 92373 In the May 1991 issue of The Festivus, I wrote a short paper on Favartia giiamensis Emerson & D’Attilio, 1979, listing its known distribution and noting that my specimen of F. guamensis from Sipidan Island off southeast Sabah (north Borneo, Malaysia) had turned black after it had been placed in alcohol and its reddish color had returned after being soaked in dilute bleach. I also briefly mentioned F. crouchi (Sowerby, 1893) which was described from Mauritius and which has been found recently at Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands. In that paper I added that Dr. Emily Yokes suspects that these two taxa are synonymous. Roland Houart (1985) also shares this view. Yokes expressed doubt that the species are in the genus Favartia. Houart (1985), however, chose to place them in Favartia (Favartia). During May 1991, I collected two additional specimens of F. guamensis while diving on a wall at Arno Atoll in the Marshall Islands. These were both the scarce yellow color. The color illustration (Plate 1, figure 1) shows both specimens, one cleaned in dilute bleach and the other with the blackened encrustation. Whether this encrustation is a sponge, an alga, or something else has not been determined. The figures of the syntypes of F. crouchi (Figures 1-3), kindly provided by Dr. Emily Yokes, and Sowerby’s illustration of the same specimen (Figure 4) show, what I believe to be, a rather Figures 1-3. Favartia crouchi (Sowerby, 1893), two syntypes, (1-2) apertural and dorsal views of syntype (BMNH 86.2.10.32), 15.0 mm L, (3) apertural view of syntype (BMNH 90.9.23.4), 14.7 mm L. Syntypes figured with permission of the Trustees of the British Museum of Natural History. Photos courtesy of E. Yokes. Vol. XXIV(4): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 39 Figure 6. F. crouchi, dorsal view of specimen shown in Figure 5. Photo; D.K. Mulliner. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I thank the Trustees of the British Museum of Natural History for permission to use the photographs of the syntypes of F. crouchi and Emily Yokes for making these photographs available to me. Dave Mulliner photographed my specimens of F. guamensis and F. crouchi which I very much appreciate. LITERATURE CITED EMERSON, WILLIAM K. & ANTHONY D’ATTILIO 1979. Six new living species of muricacean gastropods. Nautilus 93(1):1-10, figs. 1- 21. HOUART, ROLAND 1985. Report on Muricidae (Gastropoda) recently dredged in the south-western Indian Ocean-II. List of species with remarks and illustrations. Venus marked contrast in sculpture to F. guamensis. Whether or not Sowerby took liberties with his drawing the reader will have to judge, but Sowerby’s illustration appears to me to be identical to the shell of my specimen illustrated here in Figures 5 & 6. The strong spines of the outer lip are striking Figure 4. F. crouchi, after Sowerby (1893, pi. 4, fig. 9). compared to the serrated outer lip of F. guamensis. There is also a question of whether or not the number of varices of the body whorl is a reliable character. There seems to be a difference in the number of varices between these two taxa, 4 for F. guamensis and 5-6 for F. crouchi. Additional specimens from other localities need to be compared before a final decision is rendered. Figure 5. F. crouchi, 15.8 mm L specimen from Kwajalein Atoll. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Page 40 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(4): 1992 44(4):239-248, figs. 1-13. SHASKY, DONALD R. 1991. The present known distribution of Favartia giiamensis Emerson & D’Attilio, 1979. Festivus 23(4):28-29, pi. 1, figs. 1 & 2. SOWERBY, GEORGE B. 1893. Description of twelve new species, chiefly from Mauritius. Proc. Malac. Soc. London 1:41-47, pi. 1 YOKES, EMILY H. 1985. Those amazing Mactan muricids (and some of their friends). Bull. Conchologists of America 13(2);29-34, figs. 1-39. LIBRARY NEWS The Club has four new books which will be available for circulation at the May meeting. Three were purchased with Club funds and the fourth received from Smithsonian Institution Press. They are listed below as follows: EUROPEAN SEASHELLS Volume I (Polyplacophora, Caudofoveata, Solenogastra, Gastropoda) By: Guido T. Poppe & Yoshihiro Goto. Published: 1991. Verlag Christa Hemmen. Hardcover, 352 pages, 40 color plates. Price: $55. "This book is designed to bridge a gap: an attempt to offer the collector a well-illustrated guide to the majority of European marine molluscs. For scientists this book can serve as a springboard for their research on more specific themes...." GUIDEBOOK TO PECTEN SHELLS Recent Pectinidae and Propeamussiidae of the World By: A. Rombouts, Photography: P.L. van Pel. Published: 1991. Universal Book Services. Hardcover, i-xiii-f-157 pages, 29 color plates. Price: $40. A guide to 381 species of scallops with over 194 species illustrated. Published posthumously, the editors (H.E. Coomans, H.H. Dukstra, R.G. Moolenbeek and P.L. van Pel) have included "the new genera and species described during the last five years. ..enumerated in an appendix.. ..They also produced the references, the index and the 20 colour plates." ANTARCTIC MOLLUSCA with Special Reference to the Fauna of the Ross Sea By: R.K. Dell. Published: 1990. Royal Society of New Zealand, Bulletin 27. Softcover, 311 -I- pages, 482 b&w figures Price: $60. "The shelled Mollusca of the Ross Sea are studied in detail in conjunction with a wide range of comparative material from other parts of the antarctic continent, the islands of the Scotia Arc and the Magellanic region. The geographic and bathymetric ranges of these species from the total area are presented." In addition to the systematics of two families (Naticidae and Volutidae) and many genera, the new genus Falsiirornina is introduced and some 47 new species or subspecies are described in 30 genera. "LARVAL" AND JUVENILE CEPHALOPODS: A MANUAL FOR THEIR IDENTIFICATION By: M.J. Sweeney, C.F.E. Roper, K.M. Mangold, M.R. Clarke, & S.v. Boletzky, editors Published: 1992. Smitihsonian Institution Press. Softcover, i-vii-l-282 pages, 277 b&w figures. "This manual provides a practical guide to the identification of "larval" and juvenile cephalopods. A comprehensive glossary of morphological terms is presented, as is a general pictorial key to the young stages of cephalopods primarily to the family level.. ..presents characters for adult and young forms, keys, illustrations, distributional and biological information, and references to pertinent literature." Vnl. XXIV(4): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 41 PLATE I: Figure 1. Faniiiiti ^immcn.si.s I'lncrsnii & D'Atlilio, EEM, two specimens I'rom Kwujalein Aloll, Marshall Islaiuls. Fell specimen 6.6 mm l.„ righi specimen 6.6 mm L. Figure 2. Hcxahrandius sanffuncus (Ruppell & Leuckari. 1X2S), 159 mm l„ Imm Florida Island, Solomon Islands, 1‘>7S. Figure ?i. H ^an^iiinciis. 600 mm L, held hy diver, Ironi Cehu Island, Phili|ipine Islands. I'Wl. Figure 4. Viiuliiria sulchrosa (King & Broderi|r, IS.42), 2 specimens wilh eggs, on Spondylus. Figure 5. F. sdlehrasa. aperlural view ol specimens in Figure 4. Figure 6. Egg eases shown in Figures 4 tV ,s, greally enlarged. Phoios: 1-.'^, D.K. Mulliner; 4-6, .1. Jackson. . - ^ ^ ; ■% ot; »/ > • .«> v.,A 7 ■:f • Vs ' . .11 fc; Vol. XXIV(4): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 42 FINDING HEXABRANCHUS SANGUINEUS. THE SPANISH D DAVID K. MULLINER Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Rba^l, Santa Barbara, California 93105 Hexabronchus sanguineus (Ruppell & Leuckart, 1828) is commonly called the Spanish Dancer because of its undulating swimming motion. As it swims it flexes, flashing the bright red colors of its notum. The distribution of this species is Indo-Pacific. Most of the animals are found in shallow water, tide pools to 20 meters. Their size is large, specimens frequently attaining a length of 300 mm (Plate 1, figure 2). A deep-water form has now been found. These animals are 400-600 mm in length. unbelievably large for a nudibranch, and mor^",.. subdued in color (Plate 1, figure 3). None have been observed swimming. They come up from deep water (approximately 90 meters) to 40-50 meter deep ledges on an island in the Philippines to breed and lay eggs. The eggs of the deep-water form are orangish in color, lighter than the red egg mass of the shallow-water form. I have personally seen the deep-water form three times and they have been seen by other divers for the last twenty years. The last four sightings have taken place once in every four to five years. PTERYNOTUS PINNIGER (BRODERIP, 1833) AT BAHIA DE LOS ANGELES, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO LARRY BUCK 2411 El Amigo Road, Del Mar, California 92014-3118 I was scuba diving off Isla Pata, a small offshore island at Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico, during June 1988. I was at a spot where the island’s rocky sides change abruptly to sand at a depth of 90 feet. Although I usually don’t turn rocks at this depth, I did turn several that time. I had found several notable specimens of mollusks at this particular location and was curious to see if something good was concealed under the rocks. A specimen of Pterynoms pinniger (Broderip, 1833) was clinging beneath one of the overturned rocks. The specimen is 71.6 mm and it is the only one I’ve found this far north, although I’ve dived in this region many times in the past. This extends the distribution of this species north in the Gulf of California from Isla San Marcos and Guaymas, Sonora, to Bahia de los Angeles. Page 43 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(4): 1992 VITULARIA SALEBROSA (KING & BRODERIP, 1832) ON EGGS JOHN JACKSON 11558 Rolling Hills Drive, El Cajon, California 92020 In early June 1989, I took a diving trip off the southern coast of Baja California, Mexico. Along with my wife, Ellen, I spent a week in the Sea of Cortez, north of La Paz. We were on the Ambar III, a 65-foot yacht which was very well equipped for our needs. One of the stops we made was off the southwestern tip of Isla San Jos6, which is located approximately 50 miles north of La Paz and about five miles off the Baja peninsula. 1 had dived the area on several occasions in the past and had always found it to be very productive. On this particular dive, I was in an area where rocks meet a gradually-sloping sand bottom at a depth of about 40 feet. I had collected a nice Conus fergusoni Sowerby, 1873, which was almost completely buried in sand under the edge of a large rock. It measured 129 mm and was in perfect condition. I had also collected several Conus purpiirascens Sowerby, 1833, which were grouped together under another rock. These measured from 53 to 63 mm, and were likewise in perfect condition. TTie visibility was good, and I noticed what appeared to be a dead Spondylus princeps Broderip, 1833, about 20 feet away on the sand bottom. Its two valves were joined and I thought it would make a nice specimen to share with my companions aboard. On closer inspection, I observed that the valves were open about IVz inches, and that two gastropods were inside on what appeared to be eggs. I carefully placed the Spondylus in a small dive bag I had and carried it to the surface. Back on board the Ambar III, examination showed that there were two Vindaria salebrosa (King & Broderip, 1832) inside the Spondylus, and they indeed were on eggs. The Vitularia which appeared to be laying the eggs was the largest, measuring 76 X 47 mm. TTie smaller one, which was pressed tight against the larger one, measured 57 X 31 mm (Plate 1, figures 4 & 5). The egg capsules were attached just behind the red ventral edge of the bottom valve of the Spondylus. Their shape resembled that of upright cylinders with enlarged tops. Each capsule measured approximately 7 mm in height and 4 mm in diameter, and was a pale yellow-brown color. A few of the capsules were clear and appeared to be empty. Two were dark purple and one had dark purple starting to appear at its base (Plate 1, figure 6). There were a total of approximately 80 capsules in all. V. salebrosa have been found in the presence of Spondylus princeps. They have also been found in with large gastropods such as Fasciolaria princeps Sowerby, 1825, and large murex (personal communication, Alex Kerstitch, Nov. 1990). In this case a Spondylus shell seems to have provided a protective location for V. salebrosa and its eggs. Vol. XXIV(4): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 44 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - March 23, 1992 Past president Larry Buck conducted the business meeting, a summary of which follows: Auction donations are still needed. Please call a board member to pick them up. Also please remember to bring utensils and chairs to the auction. [See map, last page.] The Shell Bazaar will be on Sunday afternoon. May 17th in the Hertz’s garden. [Map will be in May issue.] The Christmas Party will be on December 5th at the Shanghai Restaurant in Mission Bay. The cost will be $15.00 per person. The Club will again participate in the Greater San Diego Science & Engineering Fair in April. Dave Mulliner shared a newsletter regarding road conditions in Baja as a result of the many storms, which stated that trailering boats south of San Quintin is not advised and gas stations in Maneadero are overcharging for gasoline. Cookies for the refreshment break were brought by Rick Negus, Larry Buck and Michael Hollmann and the door prize was won by Kim Seybolt. The speaker for the evening was Don Kent, Senior Vice President of Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute, who told about their plans to create the Center for Coastal Science which would house the Hubbs-Sca World Research Institute, the San Diego State University Coastal Library and the Marine Science Education Center. Some of their projects concern enhancement of depleted fish species, study of fish aggregating devices, study of pinnipeds in local areas, green sea turtles in San Diego Bay and Mono Lake changing ecology and water level. His talk and slide show was very informative and eye opening. Those who could not attend missed a great talk on our marine environment. Kathie Cannon Changes in the Roster Seybolt, Kim, change phone no. to 273-6150 Additions to the Roster Anderson, Roland, Seattle Aquarium, Pier 59, Waterfront Park, Seattle, WA 98101, 206-386- 4359 (work) Bedell, Harry W. Ill, 526-K Via de la Valle, Solana Beach, CA 92075 Coltro, Jos6, CEP 01599, Caixa Post. 15.259, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil Kerstitch, Alex, 10700 E. Calle Vaqueros, Tucson, AZ 85749 King, Harriett & Frank, 859 E. Vista Way, Vista, CA 92083, 726, 2523 Seaholm, Marilyn (Mrs. Fred), 1317 N. West St., Naperville, IL 60563, 708-355-3311 Underwood, Doris K., 9022 Brighton Ct., West Melbourne, FL 32904 Come to the Auction/Potiuck Saturday evening, April 25th It’s that time again-the Club’s biggest party and fundraiser and the year’s most exciting event! This year the Auction/Potiuck will be held in the clubhouse of Adrian and Sherry Valli’s condo on Mariner St., Carlsbad, CA. (phone 931-6629). See map on last page for directions. The festivities will begin at 6 PM with shell viewing and Dave’s Punch and soft drinks. Dinner will be at 7 PM and the bidding will begin promptly at 8 PM. If you have not yet donated to the Auction there is still time to contact a board member and arrange for pickup. Some fine material has already been donated (see March issue) with new donations of a magnificent D’Attilio drawing, three ammonite specimens and a dredge. But donations are still sorely needed. Also, if you have not yet signed up for a potluck contribution and have not been contacted by the phone committee, call Carole Hertz (277-6259). Don’t miss the Auction. It’s terrific and its proceeds provide the major portion of the Club’s operating funds. Library purchases, donations to scientific publications, scholarships, participation in the Science Fair and The Festivus all depend on it. Support the Club and have a great time! Vol. XXIV(4): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 44 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - March 23, 1992 Past president Larry Buck conducted the business meeting, a summary of which follows: Auction donations are still needed. Please call a board member to pick them up. Also please remember to bring utensils and chairs to the auction. [Sec map, last page.] The Shell Bazaar will be on Sunday afternoon. May 17th in the Hertz’s garden. [Map will be in May issue.] The Christmas Party will be on December 5th at the Shanghai Restaurant in Mission Bay. The cost will be $15.00 per person. The Club will again participate in the Greater San Diego Science & Engineering Fair in April. Dave Mulliner shared a newsletter regarding road conditions in Baja as a result of the many storms, which stated that trailering boats south of San Quintin is not advised and gas stations in Maneadero are overcharging for gasoline. Cookies for the refreshment break were brought by Rick Negus, Larry Buck and Michael Hollmann and the door prize was won by Kim Seybolt. The speaker for the evening was Don Kent, Senior Vice President of Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute, who told about their plans to create the Center for Coastal Science which would house the Hubbs-Sea World Research Institute, the San Diego State University Coastal Library and the Marine Science Education Center. Some of their projects concern enhancement of depleted fish species, study of fish aggregating devices, study of pinnipeds in focal areas, green sea turtles in San Diego Bay and Mono Lake changing ecology and water level. His talk and slide show was very informative and eye opening. Those who could not attend missed a great talk on our marine environment. Kathie Cannon Changes in the Roster Seybolt, Kim, change phone no. to 273-6150 Additions to the Roster Anderson, Roland, Seattle Aquarium, Pier 59, Waterfront Park, Seattle, WA 98101, 206-386- 4359 (work) Bedell, Harry W. Ill, 526-K Via de la Valle, Solana Beach, CA 92075 Coltro, Josd, CEP 01599, Caixa Post. 15.259, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil Kerstitch, Alex, 10700 E. Calle Vaqueros, Tucson, AZ 85749 King, Harriett & Frank, 859 E. Vista Way, Vista, CA 92083, 726, 2523 Seaholm, Marilyn (Mrs. Fred), 1317 N. West St., Naperville, IL 60563, 708-355-3311 Underwood, Doris K., 9022 Brighton Ct., West Melbourne, FL 32904 Come to the Auction/Potluck Saturday evening, April 25th It’s that time again-the Club’s biggest party and fundraiser and the year’s most exciting event! This year the Auction/Potluck will be held in the clubhouse of Adrian and Sherry Valli’s condo on Mariner St., Carlsbad, CA. (phone 931-6629). See map on last page for directions. The festivities will begin at 6 PM with shell viewing and Dave’s Punch and soft drinks. Dinner will be at 7 PM and the bidding will begin promptly at 8 PM. If you have not yet donated to the Auction there is still time to contact a board member and arrange for pickup. Some fine material has already been donated (see March issue) with new donations of a magnificent D’Attilio drawing, three ammonite specimens and a dredge. But donations are still sorely needed. Also, if you have not yet signed up for a potluck contribution and have not been contacted by the phone committee, call Carole Hertz (277-6259). Don’t miss the Auction. It’s terrific and its proceeds provide the major portion of the Club’s operating funds. Library purchases, donations to scientific publications, scholarship.s, participation in the Science Fair and The Festivus all depend on it. Support the Club and have a great time! ■tl j T. ’■3- I ■) '1'. f f y- t. 1 .{ L is. ^ t. 4 *7^,. •sjTPqo buTpxog: „ {papTAOjd sdno 5 saq-^pd) spTSuaq.n 6uxq.aa pua 6uTAjas „ 'zi BAjas oi qsxp Buxjg .. sHaawawan „ ( 30¥TlIyV \ ifc 13XV0 V3S fl rl J 6399 - lee ;paA Axxaqs 'S uaxjpv 1 ip viJLiacNiod •asnoiiqnpo oq (xauxxaw) qqBxx qsxxp aqpi. -aqxoN paa oasad uo qpap 00 -qxxa axqqasuxod a>[aq 'gi uo qqxou Buxuioo aSapppA aqao aas ?o asnoq -qnpo oq (xauxxaw) qj^P qsxxp aqai, ‘aqxoisi psQ oasad uo qqBxx 00 *qxxa PH qjodxpv Jamopad a^[aq '51 uo qqnos Buxmoo o-d JL-dOd-aiV aVHO^'sB 5HoadfliflC ” dinosvad ISSN 07.^8-9388 JTHE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV May 14, 1992 Number: 5 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) Treasurer Past President Jules Hertz Terry Arnold Richard Negus Kathie Cannon Margaret Mulliner Larry Buck CLUB STAFF Historian Librarian FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Business Manager Photographer Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz Jules Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Membership (includes family): S12.00; Overseas (surface mail); SLS.OO; Overseas (air mail): $2.5.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $.5.00 plus postage. SCIENTinC REVIEW BOARD R. Tucker Abbott American Malacologists Henry W Chaney Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Terrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Paul Scott Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tiilane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM DIVING AND COLLECTING IN THE CORONADOS Club member Mike Johnson, a math teacher at Mt. Miguel High School, has been diving for twelve years. He became interested in underwater photography over five years ago and he will give an illustrated program on his diving experiences in the Islas Coronados. Amy Ito, Club Science Fair winner, will give an overview of her winning project, "Burrow Morphology of Callianassa califomiensis in a Disturbed Area" [see Page 46]. Shells of the month: Bivalves Meeting date: May 2Ist CONTENTS Club news 46 Dredging off Nine Mile Bank, San Diego, California JOHN LaGRANGE 47 Announcements of Annual Meetings 58 Page 46 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(5); 1992 CLUB NEWS The Annual Potiuck/Auction— 1992 What a fantastic affair! Every Club auction seems to be better than all previous ones-this one truly was. About 45 people, members and guests, had a ball. Adrian and Sherry Valli’s clubhouse, with a beautiful new Club banner made by Adrian hanging above the archway, was lovely and comfortable. "Dave’s punch," created by Dave Mulliner, and soft drinks were available while members browsed and socialized with friends old and new; the food, in great quantities, was outstanding; and there were shells to covet everywhere--a roomful of silent auction material, exceptional shells in the voice auction, and so that no one would find a minute with nothing to do, there were $2 and $1 tables with more goodies during the break in the voice auction. President Jules Hertz welcomed everyone and for the next hour all savored the special dishes prepared for the potluck. Auctioneer Carole Hertz opened the voice auction at 8 PM and it was great fun with very lively bidding for the next three hours. Many people worked very hard to make the party a success. The Club thanks our generous hosts. Sherry and Adrian, and all those others who set up, cleaned up, donated, and bought for making the 1992 auction special. Following is a list of those who donated material to the auction: Pat & Ed Boyd, Billee Brown, Larry Buck, Larry Catarius, Tony D’Attilio, Wes Farmer, Tony Gabelish, Carole & Jules Hertz, John Jackson, June King, Bob Koch, Marge & Ken Lindahl, Margaret & Dave Mulliner, Barbara Myers, Rick Negus, Jeanne & Don Pisor, Wally Robertson, Bill & Carol Romer, Don Shasky, The Silver Sea, Carol & Paul Skoglund and Gladys Weber. The Annual Shell Bazaar The third annual shell bazaar will be held on the afternoon of Sunday May 17th beginning at 1:00 PM. It will take place in the Hertz’s back garden at 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave, San Diego (off Balboa Ave & Mt. Everest Blvd in the Clairemont area). Members and guests are invited to bring shells and something to place them on and enjoy an afternoon of serious admiring, trading, buying and "talking" shells. It’s a social occasion so come and join the fun. For further information call Jules Hertz (277- 6259). Additions to the Club Roster Gabelish, Tony, 22 Kirkham Hills Terrace, Maylands 6051, Western Australia, Australia. 011-61-9-271- 3119. Knapik, Tom, 6952 Tower St., La Mesa, CA 91941, 462-1805. Montoya, Michel, P.O. Box 6327, San Jos6 1000, Costa Rica. 011-506-534447. Naylor, Dena & Alan, 4801 Gaywood Dr., Minnetonka MN 55345. 612-936-0862. Wilson, Barry, 4 St. Ives Loop, Kallaroo, Western Australia 6025, Australia. 011-61-9-307-1469. Mark your Calendars for the September Party The Club’s annual September party will again be hosted by Debbie and Larry Catarius. The party, with a Mexican theme, will be held on Saturday evening September 19th. Details and map will be in a future issue. Plan to come and enjoy the event. The 1992 Greater San Diego Science and Engineering Fair The San Diego Shell Club, has participated in the Science Fair since 1973. This year the Club’s judges; Terry Arnold (chairperson), Barbara Myers and Carole Hertz chose as the 1992 winner, Amy Ito, an 11th grader at Morse High School. Amy’s winning project, "Burrow Morphology of Callianassa califomiensis in a Disturbed Area" also won for her an Oceans Foundation scholarship and second place in the environment division. Amy will present an overview of her project at the May meeting and receive her Club award. She has chosen the book, BETWEEN PACIFIC TIDES. Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 47 DREDGING OFF NINE MILE BANK, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA John LaGrange 533 N. Rios Avenue, Solana Beach, California 92075 My work as a commercial fisherman has given me a glimpse of the mollusks found in deep water off southern California and aroused my curiosity about this interesting fauna. The mollusks that were occasionally brought up in my nets or traps were only enough to indicate that there exists in deep water a community of species never seen by intertidal collectors or divers. The desire to learn more about these animals prompted me to construct a dredge and use it to sample the bottom dwellers in our local area. The dredge I used was 40 inches wide, 12 inches high, and 36 inches deep. For the first trial I lined the dredge with Va inch hardware cloth. The hardware cloth proved totally inadequate in the rocky areas encountered off San Diego and I replaced it with nylon net salvaged from an anchovy seine. It worked better but was still damaged by the rocks. At the suggestion of James Ernest, who has had considerable dredging experience in Panama, I finally replaced the mesh with Vi inch expanded steel. This held up to the rocks fairly well, but due to the large size of the mesh, I am sure we lost many of the smaller mollusks. The dredge weighed 200 pounds and was towed with 400 meters of V2 inch steel cable. It was worked off a hydraulic winch capable of retrieving the dredge even when, as was often the case, it was completely full of rocks or mud. It was, however, not always possible to lift the full dredge into the boat; the combined weight of dredge and contents exceeding the 1500 pound capacity of the boom winch. With this arrangement we were able to dredge successfully to a depth of 200 meters. A scope ratio of 2:1 seemed adequate in water over 100 meters deep, but a higher scope ratio was needed in shallower water. We did not often have trouble getting the dredge to "bite in", as is often heard from people using fiber rope for towing dredges. No additional weights were used to keep the dredge down, the cable, weighing 42 pounds per 100 feet, provided sufficient weight. The dredging operation was conducted in the spring of 1990 from my 54 foot fishing boat. Cloud Nine. The actual towing was done at as slow a speed as possible-about one knot. The duration of the tows was normally limited to 10 minutes. Longer tows often resulted in the dredge being clogged with mud or rocks. With practice the performance of the dredge could be monitored by the feel of the cable, and good guesses could be made as to the amount of mud in the dredge, roughness of the bottom, and whether or not the dredge was "biting" properly. Navigation was done with Loran C and video plotter, and a depth sounder was used to determine depth and bottom type. Dredging was done at depths between 45 and 200 meters. The areas worked were all within 10 miles of Pt. Loma, San Diego. The shallower tows were done in an area south of Pt. Loma between #1 buoy and the Mexican border. The water depths in this area range from 40 to 50 meters. The bottom includes areas of boulders, sand and some mud. To the northwest of this site is an area that seems to have been seriously degraded by the dumping of dredge spoils from San Diego Bay. Tows in this area produced only dead shells of shallow water species, globs of clay and trash. It is an expanse extending far beyond the limits of the dumping areas designated on navigational charts. Away from dredge spoil areas, tows typically produced many valves of Pecten diegensis Dali, 1898, along with occasional live juveniles, Bursa californica (Hinds, 1843), some small bivalves, many sea urchins and starfish. Most of the species collected here are at least occasionally seen by scuba divers in the Pt. Loma area. Most of the deeper tows were made in an area known as "Nine Mile Bank." This bank lies Page 48 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 about nine miles west to southwest of Pt. Loma and is about eleven miles long and about two miles wide. It extends in a southeasterly direction from 32°40’N; 117°28’W to 32°32’N; 117°19’W. The shallowest water on the bank is approximately 100 meters and the average depth on top of the bank is about 140 meters. The top of the bank is relatively level. The bank is separated from the beach by a canyon with the shallowest depth being 200 meters. The outer edge of the bank drops off sharply to depths in excess of 1000 meters. Most of the top of the bank is rocky although the southern third of the bank does have a considerable area of sand surrounded by areas of rock and gravel. This proved to be our most productive dredging area. The sand typically produced Dentalium, Cancellaria, trophons and turrids. The rocky areas yielded Fusinus, Calliostoma, Cidarina and some interesting corals. The gravel areas yielded the largest number of shells, most commonly Cidarina with many other genera represented. Few of the species dredged on the bank are seen by divers in the San Diego area, one exception being Mitra idae Melvill, 1893, which was regularly found on the bank, even in our deepest tows. Many of the shells collected were dead and several species were represented only by dead shells. One such species was Astraea undosa (Wood, 1828) (Figure 1). The shell looked much lower in height than usual A. undosa specimens and I thought it might be a fossil species. I took the shell to Tom D6m6re, of the Paleontology Department, San Diego Natural History Museum but he was unable to identify it as a fossil species. James H. McLean, of the Malacology Department, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, compared it with Recent specimens in that department’s collection and concluded that it is a low form of Astraea undosa. Figure 1. Astraea undosa (Wood, 1828), dead collected, low form (identified by McLean). Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Among the unexpected finds were three live- collected species of Calliostoma. All were found in fairly deep water (140-160 meters), on rocky substrate where there was no sign of vegetation. Calliostoma turbinum Dali, 1895, and C variegatum Carpenter, 1864, were both represented by several specimens, and both are at the southern limit of their reported range here (Abbott, 1974). The third species, Calliostoma sanjaimense McLean, 1970 (Figures 2, 3), has only been reported from the San Jaime Bank, west of Cape San Lucas (McLean, 1970) and the Gulf of Panama (Olsson, 1971). The single specimen collected here extends the northern limit of its distribution about 600 mites. Five species of trophons were collected, four live and one, Boreotrophon stuarti (E.A. Smith, 1880) (Figures 4, 5), represented by two dead shells. Two live specimens of an elegant little Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 49 Figures 2 & 3. Calliostoma sanjaimense McLean, 1970, live collected at 155 m, (2) profile view (3) basal view. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Figures 4 & 5. Boreotrophon stuarti (E.A. Smith, 1880), dead collected (4) apertural view (5) dorsal view. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Page 50 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXI V(5): 1992 trophon were collected and identified as Boreotrophon bentleyi (Figures 6, 7). This species was described by Dali in 1908, from material dredged off San Diego by Professor Kelsey. The species has never been figured. Dali states in his description that this species is nearest to Boreotrophon avalonensis. I had some doubts about separating these two specimens from a single smaller specimen which matches the description and figures of B. avalonensis (Figures 8, 9). The strongly recurved spines, the location, and Dali’s description of B. bentleyi as "a more elegant shell" than avalonensis led me to believe that this is the shell that Dali described as B. bentleyi. Both of these species appear quite close to B. alaskanus (Dali, 1902), and there is a specimen identified as B. alaskanus in the San Diego Natural History Museum collection [SDNHM 9768 collected by the AHF Velero in 1957] from deep water off Pt. Loma, San Diego that looks very similar to my B. Figures 8 & 9. Boreotrophon ?avalonensis (Dali, 1902), live in 130 m, (8) apertural (9) dorsal views. Photos: D.K. Mulliner. Figures 6 & 7. Boreotrophon bentleyi (Dali, 1908), live in 137 m, (6) apertural view, (7) dorsal view. Photos: D.K. Mulliner. The most commonly collected trophon, with approximately 12 specimens collected, was Boreotrophon scitulus (Dali, 1891) (Figures 10, 11). These were quite variable, some very spiny and others lacking spines. Myers and D’Attilio (1980) have shown that all these forms are one species and the name Trophonopsis lasius (Dali, 1919), for the spineless individuals is unnecessary. The fifth species of trophon collected was represented by two specimens, one live and one crabbed. They were collected from a single tow of the dredge in a very rocky area along the edge of the bank. Both were broken by boulders which filled the dredge on this tow. They are considerably larger than the other trophons collected and have been identified as Boreotrophon smithi (Dali, 1902) (Figures 12, 13). Figures 10 & 11. Boreotrophon scitulus (Dali, 1891), live in 120 m, (10) apertural view (11) dorsal view. Photos: D.K. Mulliner. Figures 12 & 13. Boreotrophon smithi (Dali, 1902), live in 155 m (12) apertural view (13) dorsal view. Photos: D.K. Mulliner. Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 51 Page 52 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 Figure 15. Daphnella clathrata Gabb, 1865, dead collected. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. communication) advises that Antiplanes gabbi Kantor & Sysoev, 1991, is a junior synonym. A. catalinae turned out to be the most commonly collected of the turrids on the bank-approximately three dozen were found in 130-190 meter depths. Two very similar but dextral turrids were collected in the same area: Antiplanes voyi (Gabb, 1866) (Figure 17), and Rhodopetoma rhodope (Dali, 1919) (Figure 18). The largest gastropod collected was Neptunea tabulata (Baird, 1863). A few nice specimens were collected from several locations on the bank. The most numerous gastropod was Cidarina cidaris (Carpenter, 1864). This trochid was especially common on gravel bottom at approximately 150 meters depth. As many as 50 were brought up in a single tow from that area. Only one specimen of the pyramidellid, Turbonilla ista Bartsch, 1917, was found live in 140 meters (Figures 19, 20). The bivalves were less well represented in the dredge samples than the gastropods. This may be partly due to the inability of the dredge to recover Most of the trophons were small enough to fall through the mesh of the dredge and are probably more numerous on the Nine Mile Bank than our sample would indicate since I am sure many were lost while retrieving the dredge. The only other muricid collected on the bank was a single specimen of Pteropurpura macroptera (Deshayes, 1839), which came up in the same tow as the Boreotrophon stuarti. A single specimen of Erato was collected from a rock which came up in the dredge. This specimen is pure white in color and I first assumed it to be Erato albescens Dali, 1905, but James McLean examined the shell and identified it as a white, deep-water form of Erato columbella Menke, 1847 (Figure 14). Figure 14. Erato columbella Menke, 1847, live collected (identified by McLean). Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Turrids of several species were collected. One dead specimen of Daphnella clathrata Gabb, 1865, was found (Figure 15) but the one which elicited the most comment the first time it appeared in the dredge was the sinistral species. Antiplanes catalinae (Raymond, 1904) (Figure 16). McLean (personal Page 53 Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 Figure 16. Antiplanes catalinae (Raymond, 1904), live collected (identified by McLean). Photo: D.K. Mulliner. THE FESTIVUS Figure 17. Antiplanes voyi (Gabb, 1866), live collected (identified by McLean). Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Figure 18. Rhodopetoma rhodope (Dali, 1919), live collected. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. anything buried deeper than about an inch beneath the surface. No large burrowing bivalves were taken alive, although some dead shells were collected. Lucinoma annulata (Reeve, 1850) was the most commonly seen clam. Although none were taken alive, they were found in several areas of the bank and were sometimes recovered with both valves held together by hardened sediments which appeared to be quite old. Also found dead were numerous valves of Humilaria kennerleyi (Reeve, 1863). Occasionally a pair of these valves could be matched, but they all looked like they had been dead for a long time. San Diego is outside the reported distribution of this species (Abbott, 1974). These valves are probable fossils (Hertz, 1992). Probably the most commonly taken live bivalve was Delectopecten vancouverensis (Whiteaves, 1893) (Figure 21). These were commonly found clinging to rocks which came up in the dredge. The largest of these measured no more than 5 mm and were quite translucent. Among the other pectinid species found was Cyclopecten zephyrus (Grau, 1959), collected dead (Figure 22). Also adhering to the rocks was Pseudochama granti Strong, 1934 (Figure 23). Although not numerous, they are widespread on the bank, some even found attached to bits of shell in the sandy bottom areas. I have previously seen this species growing on rocks and corals which have come up in fishnets from deep water in several areas off southern California and Baja California. The only other bivalve found, represented by one live collected specimen, was Cardiomya cf planetico Dali, 1908 (Figure 24). Two species of chitons were found on the bank, Lepidozona scabricostata (Carpenter, 1864) (Figure 25), and Placiphorella sp. undet. This Placiphorella Page 54 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 Figures 19 & 20. Turbonilla ista Bartsch, 1917, collected live. (19) dorsal (20) apertural views. Photos: D.K. Mulliner. was not uncommon on rocks which came up in the dredge from the shallower parts of the bank but was not seen in the deeper tows. The rocks upon which these chitons were found appeared to be completely devoid of any plant life, as were all the rocks from the bank. Table I is a listing of the molluscan species collected at Nine Mile Bank, their sizes, collecting data, and remarks when appropriate. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge the help of many people in the preparation of the paper. Tom D6m6re, Helen DuShane, George Hanselman, Carole and Jules Hertz, James H. McLean, Barbara Myers and Paul Scott helped with the identifications of the species and David Mulliner did all the photography but the chiton species which was done by George Hanselman. James H. McLean critically read the paper and gave helpful suggestions. Figure 21. Delectopecten vancouverensis (Whiteaves, 1893), live in 110-190 m. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Figure 22. Cyclopecten zephyrus (Grau, 1959), dead collected. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 55 Figure 23. Pseudochama grand Strong, 1934, live in 145 m. Figure 24. Cardiomya cf planetic a Dali, 1908, interior of right Photo; D.K. Mulliner. valve of live collected specimen. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Figure 25. Lepidozona scabricostata (Carpenter, 1864), live collected. Photo: G.A. Hanselman. Page 56 THE reSTIVUS Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 LITERATURE CITED ABBOTT, R. TUCKER 1974. American Seashells, 2nd edition. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York. 663 pp., 24 color pis., 4000+ text figs. DALE, WILLIAM HEALEY 1908. Descriptions of new species of mollusks from the Pacific coast of the United States, with notes on other mollusks from the same region. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 34(1610):245-257. HERTZ, CAROLE M. 1992. Pseudochama grand Strong, 1934, a valid species. Festivus 24(1):8-15, figs. 1-12. HERTZ, JULES 1990. Cymatosyrinx (Elaeocyma) empyrosia (Dali, 1899) dredged off Coronado, California. Festivus 22(6):75-76, figs. 1, 2. McLEAN, JAMES H. 1970. Notes on the deep water calliostomas of the Panamic Province, with descriptions of six new species. Veliger 12(4):421-432, 19 figs. MYERS, BARBARA W. & ANTHONY D’ATTILIO 1980. Observations on Nipponotrophon scitiilus (Dali, 1891) (Gastropoda.Muricidae; Muricinae). Festivus 12(7):84-89, figs. 1-11. OLSSON, AXEL A. 1971. Mollusks from the Gulf of Panama collected by RA^ John Elliott Pillsbury, 1967. Biological results of the University of Miami deep-sea expe- ditions. 77. Bull. Mar. Sci. 21(l):35-92, 103 figs. TABLE I: MOLLUSCAN SPECIES DREDGED AT NINE MILE BANK Species Size (mm) Condition Remarks Placiphorella sp. undet. 13-31 live 137 m, in rock crevices. May 6, 1990. Lepidozona scabricostata (Carpenter, 1864) 22 live Same as above. Piincturella multistriata Dali, 1911 16 dead 180 m. May 28, 1990. P. cucculata Gould, 1846 18 dead 200 m, April 10, 1990. Scelidotoma bella (Gabb, 1865) 30 dead 120 m, fresh dead. Emarginula sp. undet. - dead 200 m. Cidarina cidaris (Carpenter, 1864) 15-25 live 140-200 m, in gravel and mud. Solariella peramabilis Carpenter, 1864 15-17 live 120-200 m, in sand. Calliostorrm variegatum Carpenter, 1864 13-20 live & dead 160 m, in rocks. May 13, 1990. C. turbinum Dali, 1895 15 live 160 m, on rock and rock gravel. C. sanjaimense McLean, 1970 16 live 155 m, on rock at the rim of the bank. Astraea gibberosa (Dillwyn, 1817) 30 dead 140 m, one poorly preserved specimen. Several opercula of A. gibberosa dredged also. A. undosa (Wood, 1828) (per McLean) 15-50 dead 128 m, in sandy substrate. Low form. Caecum crebricinctum Carpenter, 1864 4.5 dead 110 m, in sand. Philine alba Mattox, 1958 15 live 110-128 m, in sand. Opalio borealis (Lyell, 1842) 29-52 dead 165 m, in mud. Pteropurpura macroptera (Deshayes, 1839) 50 live 155 m, on rock at rim of canyon. Only one specimen collected. Boreotrophon stuarti (E.A.Smith, 1880) 23 dead 128 m, in sand. B. scitulus (Dali, 1891) 14-26 live 120 m, on sand and in deeper water (155 m) on gravel. Twelve specimens collected. Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 57 Boreotrophon bentleyi (Dali, 1908) 15-21 live 137 m, in sand and gravel. Two specimens collected. B. smithi (Dali, 1902) 42 live 155 m, on rocks. B. ?avalonensis Dali, 1902 -- live 130 m, in sand. Only one specimen collected. Neptunea tabulata (Baird, 1863) 80-110 live 120-155 m, on sand or rock. Not common, but one was usually collected each day where we were dredging. Fusinus barbarensis (Trask, 1855) 18-83 live 120-183 m, on rocky bottom. Specimens took like variety "amoldi” Cossmann, 1903. Cancellaria cooperi Gabb, 1865 38 live 110 m, in sand. C. crawfordiana Dali, 1891 33-44 live 110-145 m, in sand. Erato columbella Menke, 1847 (per McLean) 9 live 145 m, clinging to a rock in the dredge. White specimen only one collected, unusually large and immature. Cytnatosyrinx empyrosia (Dali, 1899) 27-35 live 130 m, in sand (and 42 m in muddy sand at Whistle Buoy area). Figured Hertz, 1990. Megasurcula carpenteriana (Gabb, 1865) 52 live 120 m, on sand bottom. Daphnella clathrata Gabb, 1865 13.1 dead 140 m, in sand. Only one specimen collected. Antiplanes voyi (Gabb, 1866) (per McLean) 35-62 live 130-190 m, sand and mud bottom. Dextral. Antiplanes catalinae (Raymond, 1904) (per McLean) 32 live 130 m, in sand. Sinistral. Rhodopetoma rhodope (Dali, 1919) 18 live 130 m, in sand. Type of genus. Nassarius insculptus (Carpenter, 1864) 19-25 live 110-180 m, in sand and mud. Turbonilla ista Bartsch, 1917 18 live 140 m. Mitra idae Melvill, 1893 41-51 live 110-180 m. Dentalium vallecolens Raymond, 1904 50-70 live & dead 130 m, on sand. Dead shells inhabited by a hermit crab with an enlarged claw that blocked the opening and looked like an operculum on first examination. Pseudochama grand Strong, 1934 15-39 live 130-190 m, on large rocks and on bits of pebbles and shells in sandy areas. Lyonsia califomica Conrad, 1837 20 live 130 m, on sand. Amygdalum pallidulum (Dali, 1916) 20 live 130 m, on sand. Chlamys hastata (Sowerby, 1843) 50 dead 130-170 m, occasional valves only. Chlamys rubida (Hinds, 1845) 50 dead 130-170 m. Cyclopecten zephyms (Grau, 1959) 19 dead 130 m. Pecten diegensis Dali, 1898 30-80 dead 110-130 m, in sand. Live specimens were collected in shallower water inside the bank. Delectopecten vancouverensis (Whiteaves, 1893) 5-9 live 110-190 m, fastened to boulders that came up in the dredge. Page 58 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(5): 1992 Humilaria kennerleyi (Reeve, 1863) 80 dead 128 m, in sand. Nemocardium centifilosum (Carpenter, 1864) 22 dead 128 m, in sand. Two specimens, same size. Tellina carpenteri Dali, 1903 17 live 128 m, in mud. Lucinoma annulata (Reeve, 1850) to 65 dead 128-183 m. Cardita ventricosa (Gould, 1850) 20 dead 128 m, in sand. Cardiomya cf planetica Dali, 1908 19 live one specimen. ANNOUNCEMENT OF THREE ANNUAL MEETINGS 58th Annual Meeting of the American Malacological Union (AMU) The 58th annual meeting of the AMU will be held August 2-7, 1992, at the Hyatt Sarasota, Sarasota, Florida with local assistance of the Sarasota Shell Club and the Mote Marine Laboratory. In addition to contributed papers, bourse, exhibits, etc., two international symposia are planned: Biology of Caribbean Mollusks, organized by Dr. Rudiger Bieler and Advances in Gastropod Phylogeny, organized by Dr. Terrence M. Gosliner. For further information and membership applications contact the President, Dr. Robert C. Bullock, at (401) 792-2372. Conchologists of America Convention - COA ’92 The 20th annual COA convention will be held at the Marriott Resort at Sawgrass, Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida from July 26 to August 1, 1992, hosted by the Jacksonville Shell Club. A full program is planned including the Dealers Bourse, field trips, three symposia, a Shell ID Clinic, banquet and the new feature of a Mini Shell Show for all COA members interested in entering. For more information contact either Charlotte M. Lloyd (904) 246-0874 or Ruth Abramson (904) 724-0748. Western Society of Malacologists (WSM) 25th Annual Meeting The 25th annual meeting of the Western Society of Malacologists (WSM) will be held at Asilomar, Pacific Grove, California from June 30-July 3, 1992 with the last day devoted to field trips. The meeting’s agenda will include two symposia, (one on Cocos Island, Costa Rica and the other on Opisthobranchs), contributed papers, shell auction, and banquet. For further information contact President David K. Mulliner (619) 488-2701 or Treasurer Henry Chaney (805) 682-4711. ISSN 0738-9388 ^|THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV Junel 1,1992 Number:6 CLUB OFFICERS SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD President Jules Hertz R. Tucker Abbott Vice President Terry Arnold American Malacologists Secretary (Corres.) Richard Negus Henry W. Chaney Secretary (Record.) Kathie Cannon Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Treasurer Margaret Mulliner Eugene V. Coan Past President Larry Buck Research Associate California Academy of Sciences CLUB STAFF Anthony D’Attilio Historian Linda Hutsell 2415 29th Street Librarian Margaret Mulliner San Diego, California 92104 FESTIVUS STAFF Douglas J. Eernisse Editor Carole M. Hertz University of Michigan Business Manager Jules Hertz William K. Emerson Photographer David K. Mulliner American Museum of Natural History Terrence M. Gosliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION California Academy of Sciences Annual dues are payable to San Diego James H. McLean Shell Club. Membership (includes Los Angeles County Museum of Natural Histoiy family): $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): Barry Roth $15.00; Overseas (air mail); $25.00. Research Associate Address all correspondence to the Santa Barbara Museum of Natimal History San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Paul Scott Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92III Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes The Festivus is published monthly except Tulane University December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM this issue: $5.00 plus postage. Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM CARIBBEAN CONES Greg Hamann, who has long collected in the Caribbean cones. He will also bring a display of Caribbean, will give an illustrated program on some of his cones. MINI-AUCTION OF BOOKS Meeting date: June 18th Shells of the month; Orange shells CONTENTS Club news 60 Unusual finds at Mission Bay, San Diego JULES HERTZ & CAROLE M. HERTZ 61 Gastropod mollusks inhabiting the gulf weed: Sargassum sinicola ROY S. HOUSTON 63 Book news: "INTERTIDAL hIVALVES: a guide to the common marine bivalves of Alaska" reviewed ROLAND C. ANDERSON, reviewer 65 Page 60 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(6): 1992 CLUB NEWS The Third Annual Shell Bazaar The third annual shell bazaar, held in Carole and Jules Hertz’s back garden was a big success. About twenty members brought their duplicate shells and shell related items. There was much coveting, bargaining and socializing with everyone feeling, at the end of the afternoon, as if he or she had made some "great deals." Members lingered enjoying conversations with good friends and beer and soft drinks provided by the Hertzes. Don’t miss the next bazaar -they’re great fun. From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - May 21, 1992 President Jules Hertz called the meeting to order at 7:45 PM, thanking members for their help in making the auction a huge success. The very attractive new Club banner created by Adrian Valli hung prominently from the table and Adrian received a round of applause in appreciation. Jules shared recently arrived publications and announced the September party date of Saturday the 19th. Larry Buck showed the latest membership applications and invited members to keep some on hand. The new applications have been very well received. Dave Mulliner, WSM president, gave some particulars on the upcoming WSM meeting at Asilomar. Terry Arnold introduced the Club Science Fair winner, Amy Ito, and presented her with the Club’s book award. Her choice was BETWEEN PACIFIC TIDES. Amy brought in her winning display and gave an overview of her project, "Burrow Morphology of Callianassa colifomiensis in a Disturbed Area." Our speaker for the evening was Mike Johnson who gave a terrific program on "Diving and Collecting in the Coronados." Not only was his narrative informative and entertaining but his slides were outstanding. Mike has spent a great deal of time taking his 17-foot boat out to the Islas Coronados to dive and photograph the underwater life. The water there is often so clear that the visibility, in spots with names like Pukey Point (yes, it is aptly named) and Lobster Shack, is often 100 feet. In addition to photographs of living mollusks such as Latiaxis oldroydae, Pteropurpura macroptera, and Simnia vidleri on gorgonians, there were all sorts of wonderful images of lantern tunica tes, juvenile sheepshead, moray eels with cleaner shrimp, treefish, and many more. Mike said he didn’t have to travel to far off places to find a photographic paradise when the Islas Coronados is less than an hour away. He was very convincing. Following Mike’s program, Dave Mulliner showed slides of the Auction/Potluck. The shell drawing was won by Jorge Zorilla. The refreshments were provided by Larry Buck and Margaret and Dave Mulliner. Additions to the Club Roster New members Kent, Cara, 2530 9th St., Olivenhain, CA 92024. 942-5007. Piech, Betty Jean, 211 N. Augustine St., Wilmington, DE 19804. Roberts, Dale & Kim, 25885 Trabuco Rd #208, El Toro, CA 92630. (714) 581-3444. Change of address Hillis, Robert & Leah, 25819 Bellemore Dr., Ramona, CA 92065. 788-9096. Mini-Auction of Books The following books will be offered at the mini- auction at the June meeting: A FIELD GUIDE TO PACIFIC COAST SHELLS including shells of Hawaii and the Gulf of California, 2nd edition, by Percy A. Morris A FIELD GUIDE TO SHELLS of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts and the West Indies, 3rd edition, by Percy A. Morris (1973). HANDBOOK FOR SHELL COLLECTORS, revised edition, by Walter Freeman Webb (1959). CORALS OF THE GREAT BARRIER REEF, text by Steve Domm, photos by Walter Deas (1976). Volume XXIV(6): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 61 UNUSUAL FINDS AT MISSION BAY, SAN DIEGO JULES HERTZ and CAROLE M. HERTZ Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road Santa Barbara, California 93105 On 21 December 1991 we decided to walk the beach at one of our favorite spots. It was one of the lowest tides of the year, a -2.0 ft tide at 3:40 P.M. The beach is on Vacation Isle, across from Crown Point, Mission Bay, San Diego, California. Starting under the Ingraham Street bridge we walked east and then south along Ski Beach. The area is very muddy, particularly at extreme low tides, and is covered with eelgrass (Zostera). There is a large bivalve population, and the fishermen usually dig up solens and chiones for bait. The bubble. Bulla gouldiona Pilsbry, 1893, is the most common gastropod here. Under the bridge, we saw many clumps of Osteola conchaphila (Carpenter, 1857) together with Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819. One of these clusters contained a sea squirt with an Erato columbella Menke, 1847, on it. It is the first time we had ever found this species live, and we later observed the specimen in a dish of salt water under the microscope. The animal’s mantle was light tan to pale cream and contained circular spots made up of clusters of orangy-cream "papillae" having a cauliflower look and irregularly spaced spots of black in random shapes like fireplace ashes sometimes forming lines. The animal’s foot was clear to cream with cream blotches and occasional orange spots. The animal had black eyes at the base of orange spotted white tentacles. The head had a white ground color with all-over black spots which gave it a general appearance of being grayish black. As we got to the south end of Ski Beach, there were many dead bivalves among the eelgrass. The most common of these were Protothaca staryiinea (Conrad, 1837), Protothaca laciniata (Carpenter, 1864), Chione undatella (Sowerby, 1835), and small valves of Tresus nuttallii (Conrad, 1837). The most unusual finds of the day were two specimens of a large species of Anadara. We had never seen anything like these shells in San Diego. Both specimens were dead collected, but both still had their valves intact and periostracum. The larger of the two shells is shown in Figures 1 and 2. The specimens were identified by Paul Scott, Associate Curator, Invertebrate Zoology Department, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, to be Anadara tuberculosa (Sowerby, 1833). The smaller of the two specimens has been deposited at the Santa Figure 1. Anadara tuberculosa (Sowerby, 1833). 64 mm L, exterior view of empty specimen. Ski Beach, Mi.ssion Bay, San Diego, California. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Page 62 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(6): 1992 Figure 2. Anadara tuberculosa, detail of interior of valve, showing dentition. Photo: D.K. Mulliner. Barbara Museum of Natural History (SBMNH 55639). The furthest north this species has been reported is Ballenas Lagoon, Baja California. This species has long been regarded as a food source from Mexico to Peru. Carol Skoglund (personal communication) reports seeing it sold all through Mexico. In addition, we found the valves of a newly dead specimen of Trigoniocardia (Americardia) biangulata (Broderip & Sowerby, 1829), a species we had only found here once before in 1972. We also found a living specimen of Mercenaria mercenaria (Linnd, 1758) having a chipped ventral margin as if it had been dropped by a bird. This is an east coast species which was introduced to northern California around 1870. The shell identification has been confirmed by Paul Scott. He stated that the most southern record for this species on the west coast had previously been Newport Bay, California, and this now constitutes a range extension. The authors thank Paul Scott for his identification of two of the bivalve species. MOVING DAY FOR CLAMS A note in the May 28, 1991 Los Angeles Times reported that the Royal Australian Navy will be relocating 6000 Giant Clams, Tridacna gigas, (Linne, 1758). The clams, an endangered species, have multiplied to the point of overcrowding as a result of a breeding project at Orpheus Island off the northern Queensland coast. The successful breeding project, by James Cook University has resulted in severe overcrowding of 9000 specimens, the oldest of which weigh 18 to 22 pounds. The Navy will move the 6000 specimens to other reefs in the area. Vol. XXI V(6): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 63 GASTROPOD MOLLUSKS INHABITING THE GULF WEED: SARGASSUM SINICOLA ROY S. HOUSTON Department of Biology, Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, California 90045 It is widely known that seaweeds provide a suitable habitat for a variety of benthic invertebrates, including mollusks. Ecological studies on the giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, have shown that gastropods make up a large part of the marine animal fauna that occurs on this species (Foster & Schiel, 1985). According to Leighton (1971), the two small herbivores, Mitrella carinata and Lacuna unifasciata, are the most common snails on giant kelp. In addition, mollusks have been observed in the holdfasts of other species of large brown algae (Pisor, 1991). Also, Ryland (1974) observed gastropods on the floating Atlantic gulf weed Sargassum natans. Little work has been done on the mollusks that live in eastern Pacific warm water seaweeds, especially the gulf weeds in the Gulf of California. In July 1990 samples of the attached gulf weed Sargassum sinicola were collected from tidepools in the mid intertidal zone near Coloradito, Baja California, Mexico. The mollusks were removed from the seaweed by vigorously shaking the samples in a bucket of sea water. The snails were identified and counted to determine their relative abundance (Figure 1). Figure 1 a-h. Thalli of Sargassum sinicola with associated gastropod species. Shells of {a)Anachis nigricans (b) Anachis hilli (c) Barleeia orcutti (d) Turbo fluctuosus (e) Anachis adelinae (f) Tricolia variegata (g) Anachis coronata (h) Ceritihiurn stercusmuscarum. Page 64 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXI V(6): 1992 The following data include the species present and their abundance per 100 gm of seaweed. SPECIES Tricolia variegata (Carpenter, 1864) Anachis adelinae (Tryon, 1883) Barleeia orcutti Bartsch, 1920 Anachis coronata (Sowerby, 1832) Anachis hilli Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932 Anachis nigricans Sowerby, 1844 Turbo fluctuosus Wood, 1828 Tegula felipensis McLean, 1970 Columbella aureomexicana (Howard, 1963) Cerithium stercusmuscarum Valenciennes, 1833 Liocerithium judithae Keen, 1971 Cnicibulum spinosum Sowerby, 1824 Even though the species composition was uniform throughout these samples, it should be emphasized that these are preliminary collections from a long term ecological study that was initiated in July 1990. Hence, there may be seasonal fluctuations in the gastropod fauna on these seaweeds. It is interesting to note, except for Barleeia orcutti and Tricolia variegata, individuals of all other species observed crawling about in the Sargassum were juveniles. The adults generally occur under rocks or in tidepools. Further investigations are necessary to determine if these species utilized the seaweed as a refuge or for protection against predators. NO. OF INDIVIDUALS 21 13 4 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 LITERATURE CITED FOSTER, MICHAEL S. & DAVID R. SCHIEL 198.5. The ecology of giant kelp forests in California: a community profile. U.S. Department of the Interior Biological Report 85(7.2): 1-152. LEIGHTON, D.L. 1971. Grazing activities of benthic invertebrates in southern California kelp beds. Nova Hedwigia 32:421-453. PISOR, BRETT 1991. Molluscan species in kelp holdfasts. The Festivus 23(7):50-57. RYLAND, J.S. 1974. Observations on some epibionts of gulfweed, Sargassum natans (L.) Meyen. Journal of Exper- imental Marine Biology & Ecology 14:17-25. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MOLLUSCAN CONSERVATION The University of Galsgow will be the venue for an International Conference on Molluscan Conservation on September 10-12, 1992. Sessions will include Taxonomy, Distribution, Legislation, Conservation. For further information contact: Fred Woodward, International Conference on Molluscan Conservation, Kelvingrove Museum & Art Gallery, Kelvingrove, Glasgow Ge 8AG, Great Britain, Fax: (041) 357 4537, Telephone: (041) 357 3929. Page 65 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(6): 1992 BOOK NEWS INTERTIDAL BIVALVES: a guide to the common marine bivalves of Alaska By: Nora R. Foster. 1991. Publisher: University of Alaska Press 152+ pages, illus., map Price: $20.00 paper, $30.00 cloth. Alaska has at least 184 bivalve species, 18 of which are classified as endemic. This new book by Nora Foster identifies 106 species of Alaskan bivalves, including many found in the Pacific Northwest and quite a few that range down into the Panamic Province. The book defines what constitutes a bivalve, talks about paralytic shellfish poisoning in Alaskan bivalves, and contains a strongly-worded section on conservation. There is a set of keys to bivalve families and keys to species within each family. Each species is illustrated (mostly by the author), and size and characteristics of the shell are given along with its distribution and habitat. The black- and-white illustrations show salient features of each shell. The cover is very handsomely illustrated in color. I wish the rest of the book could have been illustrated in color, but no doubt it was deemed too expensive. An adequate glossary and bibliography are included. Common names of each species are given according to Turgeon et al. (1988) (Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks. A.F.S. Special Publication 16), which may not accurately reflect local argot terms; as an example: Tresus capax is called the "fat gaper," whereas most of us know it as "horse clam." Scientific names are up-to-date, having been reviewed by prominent taxonomists. One error slipped by, however. Foster compares the horse clam to a geoduck and calls the latter Panope generosa (now abrupta). The geoduck is properly identified in its own section. Foster is quite qualified for this project, being the Coordinator of Aquatic Collections at the University of Alaska Museum (Fairbanks). Those of us in the AMU and WSM have appreciated Foster’s presentations on Alaskan mollusks at annual conferences. The only quibble I have with the book is its lack of natural history data. Foster refers the readers to such warhorses as Carefoot, Kozloff, and Ricketts for natural history information, but such books may not be applicable for Alaskan species, particularly the endemics. Although perhaps beyond the scope of the book, I would like to see something included about how these bivalves live. For example, the posterior end of the shell of Macoma nasuta is bent to the side, which is described in the book. What is not given is the fact that this clam lives horizontally on its left side and the siphons are directed upward by the "bent nose." Also, no mention is given of the bivalves’ soft parts. Certainly, for shell collectors the shell is the most important part, but we have to remember the shell is just a reflection of the live animal, and that the whole animal is made of its shell and soft parts. All in all, this book represents a valuable addition to the reference library of anyone dealing with North Pacific bivalves. Roland C. Anderson VIDEOS AVAILABLE FOR CIRCULATION FROM THE CLUB LIBRARY Following is a listing of videos of Club programs and activities available for circulation from the Club library by members. Ammonites of the western US, Ed Noble (Nov. 21, 1991) Conservation of Marine Coastal Environmemts, Donald B. Kent (Mar. 19, 1992) Dredging in the Sea of Cortez, Carol & Paul Skoglund (Aug. 16, 1990) Exploring Baja, Dave Mulliner (Feb. 20, 1992) Honduras, Don Shasky (Nov. 15, 1990) SDSC Auction (April 25, 1992) SDSC CHANNEL ISLANDS DIVE TRIP ( 1990) Shell Cleaning Seminar, Kim Hutsell ((1990) \ I I! 'K • *• ISSN 0738-9388 ^THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV July 9, 1992 Number: 7 CLUB OFFICERS SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD President Jules Hertz R. Tucker Abbott Vice President Tferry Arnold American Malacologists Secretary (Corres.) Richard Negus Henry W. Chaney Secretary (Record.) Linda Hutsell Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Heasurer Margaret Mulliner Eugene V. Coan Past President Larry Buck Research Associate California Academy of Sciences CLUB STAFF Anthony D’Attilio Historian Linda Hutsell 2415 29th Street Librarian Margaret Mulliner San Diego, California 92104 FESTIVUS STAFF Douglas J. Eernisse Editor Carole M. Hertz University of Michigan Business Manager Jules Hertz William K. Emerson Photographer David K. Mulliner American Museum of Natural History Terrence M. Gosliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION California Academy of Sciences Annual dues are payable to San Diego James H. McLean Shell Club. Membership (includes Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History family): $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): Barry Roth $15.(X); Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Research Associate Address all correspondence to the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Paul Scott Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes The Festivus is published monthly except Tulane University December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM this issue: $5.00 plus postage. Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM THE COCOS EXPEDITION- 1992 Kim Hutsell will present his original video be closeup shots of Haliotis robertsi, Morum veleroae taken both underwater and topside during the and a new cone, as well as views of dredging. recent expedition to the Cocos Islands. There will tanglenetting and diving. MINI-AUCTION OF BOOKS Meeting date: July 16th Shells of the month: Naticidae (Moon Shells) CONTENTS Club news 67 Review of the Vitrinellidae from the San Felipe area, Baja California, Mexico, from the Gemmell Collection (1965-1976) CAROLE M. HERTZ, BARBARA W. MYERS & JOYCE GEMMELL 68 Tectarius muricatus (Linnaeus, 1758) from the northern Gulf of California, Mexico JOHN A. BISHOP 81 A note on exotic species HENRY W. CHANEY 83 Page 67 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - June 18, 1992 President Jules Hertz called the meeting to order at 7:45 PM. Jules told of the passing of longtime member Clifford Martin (see p. 82) and announced the appointment of Linda Hutsell as recording secretary. He also announced that shell club members were invited to the Yucaipa Shell Club potluck on Fathers’ Day. Jules shared recently arrived publications for the Club library. He then thanked Larry Buck for his effort in making the new addition to the Club library, which doubles its size, a reality. Terry Arnold introduced Greg Hamann who spoke on his ten years of shell collecting in the Caribbean. The family purchased a boat in 1982 in England and brought it to Florida. They were to bring it to the west coast but never made it. There are 21 different countries in the Caribbean and Greg has collected in the waters of most of them. He said he enjoys the challenge of collecting in the Caribbean where the key to successful collecting is night diving and persistence. Greg spoke on Caribbean cones and brought in a display of the many beautiful species he’d collected. After his formal talk, members gathered around the table with his display and Greg discussed the different species and the distinctive forms found in different areas of the Caribbean. Following the refreshment break with cookies provided by the Hertzes and Arnolds, there was a mini-auction of books. Larry Buck won the shell drawing. Linda Hutsell New Recording Secretary Appointed Due to business constraints, Kathie Cannon has reluctantly resigned as recording secretary. President Jules Hertz has appointed Linda Hutsell to fill out Kathie’s 1992 term. The Club thanks Linda for her willingness to take on the job in addition to being Club historian and co-host with her husband, Kim. A Warning about Post-it Note Pads Scripps Institution of Oceanography Library has put out flyers warning of the use of Post-its on library material. They state that "The negative effects of these seemingly harmless ’markers’ is devastating... In the long term, the glue on Post- it notes has a harmful effect on paper. The adhesive hardens and leaves a film that becomes acidic. This results in eventual discoloration and brittleness of the paper." They add that when Post- its are on already old and possibly brittle paper, as in old books, for more than a month or so, the paper will tear when removing the Post-it. New Members Pierce, Rosemary & Frank, 43099 Tenaja Road, Murrieta, CA 92562, 714-674-9370 Mini-Auction of Books Another mini-auction of books will be held to enable members to purchase books donated to the Club for fundraising purposes by Gladys Weber of Phoenix, Arizona. This month’s offerings are as follows: BETWEEN PACIFIC TIDES, third edition by Ricketts & Calvin (1960) hardbound. THE SEA-BEACH AT EBB-TIDE by Augusta Foote Arnold (1968) softbound. A COLOUR GUIDE TO FAMILIAR SEA AND COASTAL BIRDS EGGS AND NESTS by Jiri Felix (1975) hardbound. SEASHELLS A GROSSET ALL-COLOR GUIDE by S. Peter Dance ((1973) hardbound. Two hardcover Australian nature books to be auctioned together: THE AUSTRALIAN GREAT BARRIER REEF IN COLOUR by Keith Gillett (1976) AUSTRALIAN SEASHORES IN COLOUR by Keith Gillett & John Yaldwyn (1969). Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 68 REVIEW OF THE VITRINELLIDAE FROM THE SAN FELIPE AREA, BAJA CALIFORNIA, MEXICO, FROM THE GEMMELL COLLECTION (1965-1976) CAROLE M. HERTZ, BARBARA W. MYERS & JOYCE GEMMELL Department of Marine Invertebrates, San Diego Natural History Museum, Balboa Park, P.O. Box 1390, San Diego, California 92112 Abstract. Twenty-six species of Vitrinellidae in seven genera (Alleorus, Cochliolepis, Cydostremiscus, Episcynia, Solariorbis, Teinostoma and Vitrinella have been identified in the Gemmell collection from the San Felipe area, three of which have not previously been reported from the northern Gulf of California and four species have only recently been described {Cydostremiscus chamizal and Solariorbis cortezi both of Myers, Hertz & Gemmell, 1991, and Cydostremiscus salvatierrensis and Cochliolepis comis both of Hertz, Myers & Gemmell, 1992). Sixteen species were listed as range extensions in earlier papers (Gemmell, Hertz & Myers, 1980 and Myers, Hertz & Gemmell, 1989 & 1990) A lectotype is chosen for Teinostoma cecinella Dali, 1919 (= T. amplectans Carpenter, 1857). INTRODUCTION In Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) we reported 25 species of Vitrinellidae from the San Felipe area. In succeeding papers we revised and corrected that preliminary report. Gemmell, Hertz & Myers (1989) removed Cydostremiscus nodosus of Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952 (not C. nodosus Carpenter, 1857) from the Vitrinellidae and placed it in the Turbinidae. Four specimens of a species of Episcynia were discovered in the Gemmell material and Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1990) reviewed the eastern Pacific genus Episcynia. E. medialis Keen, 1971, was then placed in the synonymy of E. bolivari Pilsbry & Olsson, 1946. Four new species were described from the Gemmell material: Cydostremiscus chamizal and Solariorbis cortezi both of Myers, Hertz & Gemmell, 1991, and Cochliolepis comis and Cydostremiscus salvatierrensis of Hertz, Myers & Gemmell, 1992. The vitrinellids collected by Joyce Gemmell from San Felipe to San Luis Gonzaga in the northwestern Gulf of California from 1965 to 1976 were either dredged, collected in grunge, or found in sea star stomachs (Gemmell, Hertz & Myers, 1980). With few exceptions, the species studied are under 5 mm in diameter and illustrations were made with the aid of a camera lucida attachment to a Wild microscope. The only major taxonomic review of the eastern Pacific vitrinellids was done by Pilsbry & Olsson (1945 and 1952). For the most part we have followed their generic assignments although they are still problematic, being based on shell characters alone. The only recent work on vitrinellids based on anatomy is the fine study by Bieler & Mikkelsen (1988) which treats two western Atlantic species. Institutions mentioned in the text are abbreviated as follows: LACM, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History; SBMNH, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History; SDNHM, San Diego Natural History Museum; USNM, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. FORMAT Following is an illustrated compilation of the species identified from the Gemmell collection, the bulk of which has been incorporated into the SDNHM mollusk collection. Species in seven genera are included: Alleoms, Cochliolepis, Cydostremiscus, Episcynia, Solariorbis, Teinostoma, and Vitrinella. Genera and species are arranged in Page 69 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 alphabetical order. Three views of each species are shown [(a) apertural (b) dorsal and (c) basal] except for Episcynia bolivori and Vitrinella goniomphala which have two views [(a) apertural and (b) basal]. An asterisk next to a species name indicates an extension of distribution. VITRINELLIDAE Bush, 1897 AUeorus Strong, 1938 Alleonis deprellus Strong, 1938 Figure 1 a-c AUeorus deprellus Strong, 1938:213, pi. 16, figs. 3,4,5. Records: SDNHM 93522, 2 spec., 1. 7-1.8 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. Remarks: This species is the type of the genus. The row of beads following the suture is distinctive. The species was described from Isla San Josd in the southern Gulf of California. DuShane & Poorman (1967) listed it as a range extension at Guaymas, Sonora. Keen (1971) gave a general listing of the Gulf of California. Draper (1974a) reported the species at Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) reported the species at Puertecitos. Cochliolepis Stimpson, 1858 Cochliolepis comis Hertz, Myers & Gemmell, 1992 Figure 2 a-c Cochliolepis comis Hertz, Myers & Gemmell, 1992:70-71, figs. 1- 3. Records: SDNHM 93511 (holotype), 4.2 mm diam. Bahia San Felipe, Baja California, Mexico [type locality], in drift. SDNHM 93512 (paratypes), 13 spec., 2.0-2.7 mm diam., same collecting data as holotype. Hertz coll., 1 paratype 2.1 mm diam., dredged by J. Gemmell on shrimpboat Chartnzal in 25 m, just S of Puertecitos, Baja ^lifornia, Mexico, July 8-10, 1969. SDNHM 93554, Campo Uno, San Felipe, Baja California, Mexico, in grunge, September 1971, 2 spec., 1.6 & 2.1 mm diam. Remarks: Twenty-four additional paratypes with same collecting data as the holotype were deposited in the following museums: LACM, SBMNH, and USNM. Cyclostremiscus Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945 Cyclostremiscus bailyi (Hertlein & Strong, 1951) Figure 3 a-c Circulus bailyi Hertlein & Strong, 1951: 111, pi. 9, figs. 2,6,9. Records: SDNHM 93523, 5 spec., 2.2-2.6 mm diam., San Felipe, in grunge. Hertz collection, 5 spec., 2.0-2.7 mm diam., Playa Alicia, 9.7 km from San Felipe, on -5.5 ft. low tide, in grunge. Leg. J. Gemmell, 5/14/72. Remarks: The aperture has a "corrugated" edge reflecting the sharp cords. The species was described from Corinto, Nicaragua. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) extended the distribution north to San Felipe. Specimens studied in the Carol Skoglund collection are from Marua, an estuary approximately 5 miles south of Puerto Penasco. Cyclostremiscus chamizal Myers, Hertz &. Gemmell, 1991 Figure 4 a-c Cyclostremiscus chamizal Myers, Hertz & Gemmell, 1991:31-33, figs. 1-4. Records: SDNHM 93508 (holotype), 9.0 mm diam., W of Isla Salvatierra, Baja California, Mexico, dredged by shrimp boat Chamizal 8 km offshore (29°57’48"N; 114°28’W) [type locality] on sand and pumice in 25 m with pecten valves, 8-10 July 1969. USNM (paratype), 8.1 mm diam., same collecting data as holotype. Cyclostremiscus janus (C.B. Adams, 1852) Figure 5 a-c Vitrinella janus C.B. Adams, 1852:185. Fig’d: Pilsbry & Olsson (1945, pi. 27, figs. 5, 5a, 5b) and Turner (1956, pi. 15, fig. 5, 5a, 5b [holotype MCZ 156267]) Records: SDNHM 93524, 7 spec., 1.0-1. 5 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. Remarks: The species has irregular, moderately strong axial ribs. We were unable to discern the "minute axial striae within the lower keel" noted by C.B. Adams. It may be that we were unable to view it under sufficient magnification. The species was described from Panama. Keen (1971) lists it Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 70 Figure la-c. Alleorus deprellus (Strong, 1938). SDNHM 93522, 1.8 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 2a-c. Cochliolepis comis Hertz, Myers & Gemmell, 1992. SDNHM 93511 (holotype), 4.2 mm diam., Bahia San Felipe, in drift. Figure 3a-c. Cyclostremiscus bailyi (Hertlein & Strong, 1951). SDNHM 93523, 2.6 mm diam., Playa Alicia, San Felipe, in grunge, March 14, 1972. (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 4a-c. Cyclostremiscus chamizal Myers, Hertz & Gemmell, 1991. SDNHM 93508 (holotype), 9.0 mm diam., W of Isla Salvatierra, Gulf of California, dredged in 25 m. (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 5a-c. Cyclostremiscus janus (C.B. Adams, 1852). SDNHM 93524, 1.5 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Page 71 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 only from the type locality. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) placed the species in the northern Gulf of California. Cyclostremiscus parvus (C.B. Adams, 1852) Figure 6a-c Vitrinella parva C.B. Adams, 1852:187. Fig’d: Turner (1955, pi. 14, figs. 3, 3a, 3b [lectotype MCZ 156268] after Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945). C. veleronis Strong & Hertlein, 1947, new name for C. bartschi Strong & Hertlein, 1939 [not Mansfield, 1930] Records: SDNHM 93525, 8 spec., each approx. 1.0 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. Remarks: The figured Gemmell specimen has 20 axial ribs on the body whorl whereas the original description of C. parvus states it has 24. Pilsbry & Olsson (1952:62) found "the number of axial ribs is variable; in old shells they become much closer on the last whorl." Examination of the Gemmell specimens with paratypes of C. bartschi=C. veleronis [SDNHM 41278] revealed them to be conspecific. (C. pauli Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952 [not C. bartschii Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945], is a different species.) The species was described from Panama. Pilsbry & Olsson (1952) list the species from Panama; Isla del Gallo, Colombia; Punta Ancon, Ecuador; Tumbes, Peru; and MazatHn, Sinaloa, Mexico. Keen (1971) lists it from Mexico to Panama. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) reported the species at Puertecitos, Baja California, Mexico. Study material in the Carol Skoglund collection is from Punta Mita, Nayarit, Mexico. Cyclostremiscus perparvus (C.B. Adams, 1852) Figure 7 a-c Vitrinella perparva C.B. Adams, 1852:187-188. Fig’d Turner (1956, pi. 14, fig. 4, 4a, 4b [lectotype MCZ 156261] after Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945) Records: SDNHM 93526, 4 spec., 1.0- 1.6 mm diam., San Felipe, in drift. SDNHM 93527, 1 spec., 1.7 mm diam., Pta. Estrella, off San Felipe in sea star stomach. Remarks: This species is similar to C. parvus but C parvus lacks the cancellate sculpture on the base found in C. perparvus. The species had been reported previously only from the type locality. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) placed it in San Felipe. Cyclostremiscus psix Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952 Figure 8 a-c Cyclostremiscus psix Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952:63, pi. 9, fig. 2, 2a. Records: SDNHM 93528, 5 spec., 1. 1-1.5 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. SDNHM 93529, 3 spec., 1. 1-1.2 mm diam., San Felipe, in grunge. Remarks: Draper (1974a) reported the species at Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) first recorded the species at Puertecitos and San Felipe. Cyclostremiscus salvatierrensis Hertz, Myers & Gemmell, 1992 [Figure 9 a-c] Cyclostremiscus salvatierrensis Hertz, Myers & Gemmell, 1992:71- 72, figs. 5-8. Records: SDNHM 93513 (holotype), 1.0 mm diam., W of Isla Salvatierra, Gulf of California, Mexico (29°57’N; 114°28’W), in 25 m. Remarks: One paratype specimen (1.0 mm diam.) same locality as the holotype, from the Gemmell collection was deposited in the USNM. Sixteen additional specimens in the LACM collection were made paratypes. The species is known from scattered records from Isla Salvatierra to Puerto Culebra, Costa Rica. Cyclostremiscus spiceri (Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1938) Figure 10 a-c Cyclostrema spiceri Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1938:234-235, pi. 20, figs. 4,5,6. Records: SDNHM 93530, 2 spec., 4.5 & 4.7 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. SDNHM 93531, 3 spec., 3.8-4.5 mm diam., Playa Alicia, in grunge. Cyclostremiscus tenuisculptus (Carpenter, 1865) Figure 11 a-c Vitrinella tenuisculpta Carpenter, 1865:271. Fig’d Brann (1966, pi. 25, tab. 2534). Records: SDNHM 93532, 1 spec., 1.7 mm. Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 72 Figure 6a-c. Cyclostremiscus pamis (C.B. Adams, 1852). SDNHM 93525, 1.0 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal Figure 8a-c. Cyclostremiscus psix Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952. SDNHM 93528, 1.5 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 9a-c. Cyclostremiscus salvatierrensis Hertz, Myers & Gemmell, 1992. SDNHM 93513 (holotype), 1.0 mm diam., W of Isla Salvatierra, Gulf of California, dredged in 25 m. (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure lOa-c. Cyclostremiscus spiceri (Baker, Hanna & Strong, 1938). SDNHM 93530, 4.7 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Page 73 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 Puertecitos, in grunge. Remarks: Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) extended the distribution to San Felipe. Cyclostremiscus tricarinatus (C.B. Adams, 1852) Figure 12 a-c Vitrinella tricarinata C.B. Adams, 1852:189. Fig’d Turner (1956, pi. 16, fig. 3, 3a, 3b [lectotype MCZ 156263] after Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945) Records: SDNHM 93533, 53 spec., 1.0-2.0 mm diam., trawled 18-24 m, Bahia San Felipe off Punta Estrella, in sea star stomachs, live, 11 November 1971. SDNHM 93552, 2 spec., 1.8 & 2.1 mm diam., dredged by Chamizal II, in fine sand in 9 m (5 fm) inside Bahia, S of Isla Willard 91 m (100 yd) offshore, July 8-10, 1969 [29°49T8"; 114'72’42"]. SDNHM 93553, 58 spec., 0.7-2. 1 mm diam., dredged off Punta Estrella, San Felipe, in sea star stomachs, live, June 1968. Cyclostremiscus trigonatus (Carpenter, 1857) Figure 13 a-c Vitrinella trigonata Carpenter, 1857:243-244. Fig’d Turner (1956, pi. 15, fig. 2, 2a, 2b [as Vitrinella exigua C.B. Adams, 1852, lectotyp>e MCZ 156265]). Vitrinella exigua C.B. Adams, 1852, [not Philippi, 1849]. Records: SDNHM 93534, 1 spec., 1.0 mm diam., Playa Alicia, San Felipe at low tide, 1972. SDNHM 93535, 2 spec., 1.2 and 1.4 mm diam., Bahia San Felipe, dredged. Remarks: Keen (1971) and DuShane & Poorman (1967) list the species from Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico to Panama. Draper (1974a) reported the species in Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) recorded the species from San Felipe. Episcynia Morch, 1875 Episcynia bolivari Pilsbry & Olsson, 1946 Figure 14 a & b Episcynia bolivari Pilsbry & Olsson, 1946:11-12, pl.l, figs. 6,7,8. E. medialis Keen, 1971 Records: SDNHM 93536, 2 spec., 3.5 & 3.9 mm diam., Playa Alicia, in drift. SDNHM 93537, 2 spec., 3.5 & 3.7 mm diam., San Felipe, off Club de Pesca, in drift, January 10, 1968. Remarks: See Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1990) for a discussion of the genus Episcynia in the eastern Pacific. Solariorbis Conrad, 1865 Solariorbis annulatus (Carpenter, 1857) Figure 15 a-c Vitrinella annulata Carpenter, 1857:245. Fig’d: Brann (1966. pi. 25., tab. 1158). Records: SDNHM 93538, 4 spec., 1.5-1.9 mm diam., Puertecitos, in drift. SDNHM 93555, 1 spec., 1.3 mm diam., Campo Uno, San Felipe, in grunge, September 1971. Remarks: Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) recorded the species in the northern Gulf at Puertecitos. We have examined specimens in the C. Skoglund collection from Bahia San Carlos [Guaymas] and Puerto Penasco, both in Sonora, Mexico, and specimens in the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History from Bahia Concepcidn, Baja California, Mexico. Solariorbis carinatus (Carpenter, 1857) Figure 16 a-c Teinostoma carinata Carpenter, 1857:252. Fig’d: Brann (1966, pi. 26, tab. 1172) Records: SDNHM 93539, 2 spec., 1.0 mm each diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. Remarks: Listed by Keen (1971) only from MazatMn, the type locality. Myers, Hertz &. Gemmell (1989) extended the northern distribution to Puertecitos. *Solariorbis concinnus (C.B. Adams, 1852) Figure 17 a-c Vitrinella concinna C.B. Adams, 1852:184. Fig’d: Pilsbry & Olsson (1945, pi. 27, fig. 4, 4a, 4b [holotype MCZ 156264]). Records: SDNHM 93540, 2 spec., 1.2-1.4 mm, diam., trawled approx. 3 mi offshore from Punta Estrella, S for a distance of 22 miles, approx. 3 mi offshore [30°41’N to 30°51’N and from 114°32’W to 114'>41’W] in 9-18 m (5 to 10 fm) in sea star stomachs. 27 June 1968. Remarks: Placed in Solariorbis by Pilsbry «& Vol XXIV(7); 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 74 Figure lla-c. Cyclostremiscus tenuisculptus (Carpenter, 1865). SDNHM 93532, 1.7 mm dorsal (c) basal views. diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) Figure 12a-c. Cyclostremiscus tricarinatus (C.B. Adams, 1852). SDNHM 93533, 1.7 sea star stomach, November 11, 1971. (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. mm diam., off Pta. Estrella, Bahia San Felipe, in Figure 13a-c. Cyclostremiscus trigonatus (Carpenter, 1857). SDNHM 93535, 1.2 mm diam., Bahia San Felipe, dredged, (a) apertural Figure 14a-b. Episcynia bolivari Pilsbry & Olsson, 1946. SDNHM 93536, 1.9 mm diam., Puertecitos, in drift, (a) apertural (b) basal Figure 15a-c. Solariorbis annulatus (Carpenter, 1857). SDNHM 93538, 1.9 - mm diam., Puertecitos, in drift, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views Page 75 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 Olsson (1952) and Keen (1971) who listed it only from Panama, the type locality. Draper (1974b) extended the distribution to Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico. This is the first report of the species in the northern Gulf of California. Soloriorbis cortezi Myers, Hertz & Gemmell, 1991 Figure 18 a-c Solariorbis cortezi Myers, Hertz & Gemmell, 1991:33-34, figs. 8- 11. Records: SDNHM 93509 (holotype), 1.7 mm diam., Puertecitos, Baja California, Mexico, intertidal, dead collected. SDNHM 93510, (paratype) 1.0 mm diam., same collecting data as holotype. Remarks: Four paratypes were deposited in the following institutions: CAS, SBMNH, and USNM. Two additional specimens in the LACM collection were made paratypes. Solariorbis hypolius Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952 Figure 19 a-c Solariorbis hypolius Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952:55, pi. 5, fig. 1, la. Records: SDNHM 93541, 2 spec., 2.2 and 2.4 mm diam., Bahia San Felipe, in grunge. Remarks: The Gemmell specimens are somewhat worn juveniles lacking spiral lines below the periphery and the overhang on the umbilicus "terminating in a dilation of the columella" as noted in the original description. In the Gemmell specimens this overhang is a sharp crease. While the species was originally described from Peru, we examined specimens from Panama in the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History and the Donald Shasky collections as well as specimens from Playa Novillero, Nayarit, Mexico and Panama in the Carol Skoglund collection. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) recorded the species at San Felipe. Teinostoma H. & A. Adams, 1853 Teinostoma amplectans Carpenter, 1857 Figures 20 a-c, 21 a-c Teinostoma amplectans Carpenter, 1857:253. Fig’d: Brann (1966, pi. 26, tab. 1174). T. americanum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945 (listed in Pilsbry & Olsson (1952) as T. amplectans americanum]. T cecinella Dali, 1919. Records: SDNHM 93542, 9 spec., 1.3-3.0 mm diam., Puertecitos, in drift. SDNHM 93543, 3 spec., 1.2-1.9 mm diam., San Luis Gonzaga, in drift. Remarks: T. americanum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945, was described from Ecuador. In 1952, they "allowed" it subspecific status based mainly on "the remote locality" although Baker, Hanna & Strong (1938) had listed several locations within the Gulf of California and Strong & Hertlein (1939) collected it at Panama. Various workers since that time have found other connecting populations of T. amplectans: McLean (1961) Bahia de los Angeles; DuShane (1962) Puertecitos; DuShane & Poorman (1967) Guaymas; DuShane & Brennan (1969) Consag Rock [San Felipe]. Teinostoma cecinella Dali, 1919, was considered a probable synonym of T. amplectans by Pilsbry & Olsson (1952) and Keen (1971). We borrowed the two syntypes of T. cecinella from the Smithsonian Institution [USNM 218341] and our examination revealed them to be conspecific with T. amplectans. The two syntypes were dead collected at Bahia Magdalena by C. R. Orcutt. Both specimens have a surface with microscopic holes as if acid-etched. We have chosen as lectotype of T. cecinella the better of the two specimens measuring 3.3 mm diameter and 1.4 mm altitude and illustrate the species for the first time (Figure 21 a-c). The paralectotype measuring 3.0 mm diameter and 1.4 mm altitude has a broken aperture and is very worn. * Teinostoma herbertianum Hertlein & Strong, 1951 Figure 22 a-c Teinostoma herbertianum Hertlein & Strong, 1951:112, pi. 9, figs. 8, 11, 12. Records: SDNHM 93544, 2 spec., 1. 7-2.0 mm diam., Campo Uno, just south of Punta San Felipe, dead collected, in drift, November 1971. Remarks: T. herbertianum is similar to T. percarinatum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945, but differs in having (under high magnification) sculpture of small dots and lines, being more acutely carinate and "bluntly subtriangular" in the basal view. T. herbertianum was described from Costa Rica near Port Parker. Pilsbry & Olsson (1952) note the species at Punta Ancon and Punta Gallo, Ecuador Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 76 Figure 16a-c. Solariorbis carinatus (Carpenter, 1857). SDNHM 93539, 1.0 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 17a-c. Solariorbis concinmts (C.B. Adams, 1852). SDNHM 93540, 1.2 mm diam., off Pta. Estrella, San Felipe, trawled, from sea star stomach, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 19a-c. Solariorbis hypolius Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952. SDNHM 93541, 2.2 mm diam., Bahi'a San Felipe, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 20a-c. Teinostoma amplectans Carpenter, 1857. SDNHM 93542, 1.9 mm diam., Bahia San Felipe, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Page 77 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 and Isla del Gallo in southern Colombia. Poorman & Poorman (1988) extended the distribution north to off Bahia San Carlos, Sonora, Mexico. This is the first report of the species in the northern Gulf of California. Teinostoma imperfectum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945 Figure 23 a-c Teinostoma imperfectum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945:254, pi. 22, fig. 2, 2a, 2b. Records; SDNHM 93545, 1 spec., 1.1 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. Remarks: The species was described from Panama. Pilsbry & Olsson (1952) recorded the species in Tumbez, Peru. Draper (1974b) reported the species at Bahia la Cholla, Sonora, Mexico. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) extended the distribution across the Gulf of California to Puertecitos. *Teinostoma politwn ultimum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945 Figure 24 a-c Teinostoma politum ultimum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945:252, pi. 22, fig. 1, la, lb. Records: SDNHM 93546, 15 spec., 7.5-9.0 mm diam., Puertecitos, in drift. SDNHM 93547, 1 spec., 9.0 mm diam., approx. 48 km (30 mi) S of San Felipe, in drift, 1968. Remarks: This species is similar to T. politum H. & A. Adams, 1853, and T. gallegosi Jordan, 1936. However, it differs from these two species in the nature of the spiral suture. As noted by Pilsbry & Olsson (1952:38) "in T. politum ultimum the last whorl envelops most of the spire leaving only about one turn visible." In both T. gallegosi and T. politum the spire is not obscured by the last whorl. The type locality of T.(p.) ultimum is Bahia de Adair, Sonora. This is the first report of the species on the Baja side of the northern Gulf. Vitrinella C.B. Adams, 1852 Vitrinella dalli (Bartsch, 1911) Figure 25 a-c Cyclostremella dalli Bartsch, 1911:232-233, pi. 40, figs. 10-12. Records: SDNHM 93548, 1 broken specimen, 1.7 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. Vitrinella goniomphala Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952 Figure 26 a & b Vitrinella goniomphala Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952:72-73, pi. 13, fig. 6, 6a. Records: SDNHM 93549, 4 spec., 1.2-2.6 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. SDNHM 93550, 1 spec., 2.4 mm diam., San Felipe at Ensenada Blanca, 28 June 1968. Remarks: This species is close to V. zonitoides Pilsbry «& Olsson, 1952, but the umbilicus is bounded by a keel in V. goniomphala. This keel is lacking in V. zonitoides. The species was described from Ecuador. DuShane & Poorman (1967) list Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) extended the distribution to San Felipe. Vitrinella zonitoides Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952 Figure 27 a-c Vitrinella zonitoides Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952:73, pi. 13, fig. 2, 2a, 2b. Records: SDNHM 93551, 1 spec., 3.8 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge. Remarks: Keen (1971) lists only the type locality at Panama. Myers, Hertz & Gemmell (1989) reported the species in the northern Gulf of California at Puertecitos. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank James H. McLean and Gale Sphon, of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, for making comparative material in their institution’s collection available to us for study and Richard Houbrick and Shelley S. Greenhouse, of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, for the loan of the syntypes of Teinostoma cecinella. Carol Skoglund and Donald R. Shasky kindly lent comparative material to us from their private collections for which we thank them. The San Diego Natural History Museum made the facilities in the library and Department of Marine Invertebrates available to us which we appreciate. We are grateful to James H. McLean for critically reviewing the manuscript. Vol. XXIV(7): 1991 THE FESTIVUS Page 78 Figure 21a-c. Teinostoma cecinella Dali, 1919 = T. amplectatis Carpenter, 1857. USNM 218341 (lectotype designated herein). 3.3 mm diam., Bahia Magdalena, Baja California, Mexico, badly worn and pitted, collected dead, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 23a-c. Teinostoma imperfectum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. SDNHM 93545, 1.1 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 24a-c. Teinostoma politum ultimum Pilsbry & Olsson, 1945. SDNHM 93546, 7.5 mm diam., Puertecitos, in drift, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Figure 25a-c. Vitrinella dalli (Bartsch, 1911). SDNHM 93548, 1.7 mm diam. (broken specimen), Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apiertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. Page 79 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXI V(7): 1992 Figure 26a-b. Vitrinella goniomphala Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952. SDNHM 93549, 2.6 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) basal views. Figure 27a-c. Vitrinella zonitoides Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952. SDNHM 93551, 3.8 mm diam., Puertecitos, in grunge, (a) apertural (b) dorsal (c) basal views. LITERATURE CITED ADAMS, C.B. 1852. Catalogue of shells collected at Panama, with notes on their synonyms, station, and geographical distribution. NY, R. Craighead Printers, pp. viii + 1-334 (July). ADAMS, HENRY & ARTHUR ADAMS 1853. The genera of Recent Mollusca arranged according to their organization. London, vol. l:vi-xl + 1-484 (August). 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III.- Revision of the marine gastropods referred to Cyclostrema, Adeorbis, Vitrinella, and related genera; with descriptions of some new genera and species belonging to the Atlantic fauna of America. Trans. Conn. Acad. 10; 97-144, pis. 22, 23 (July). CARPENTER, PHILIP P. 1857. Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells in the British Museum; collected by Frederick Reigen...London i-iv-i-ix-xvi-b552 (August 1). 1865. Diagnoses of new species and a new genus of mollusks from the Reigen Mazatlan collection; with an account of additonal specimens presented to the British Museum. Proc. Zool. Soc. London for 1865, pt. L264-274 (June). CONRAD, TA. 1865. Catalogue of Eocene and Oligocene testacea of the United States. Amer. Jour. Conch. 1(1); 1-35 (February 15). DALE, WILLIAM HEALEY 1919. Descriptions of new species of Mollusca from the north Pacific Ocean in the collection of the United States National Museum. Proc. U.S.N.M. 56(2295);293-371 (August 30). DRAPER, BERTRAM Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 80 PILSBRY, HENRY A. & AXEL A. OLSSON 1945. Vitrinellidae and similar gastropods of the Panamic Province. Part 1. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 97:249-278, pis. 22-30 (December 27). 1946. Another Pacific species of Episcynia. Nautilus 60:11-12, pi. 1, figs. 6,7,8 (July). 1952. Vitrinellidae of the Panamic Province. Part II. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 104:35-88, pis. 2-13 (September 10). POORMAN, LEROY H. & FORREST L. POORMAN 1988. A report of the molluscan species in the San Carlos Rectangle, Sonora, Mexico, collected by Forrest L. and Leroy H. Poorman from December 1953 to December 1983. Festivus 20(6):47-63, map (June 9). STIMPSON, WILLIAM 1858. Cochliolepis parasiticus. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 6:307-309, fig’d. STRONG, AM. 1938. New spcies of west American shells. Proc. CAS 4th ser. vol. 23(14):203-216, pis. 15 & 16 (May 24). STRONG, AM. & LEO G. HERTLEIN 1939. Marine mollusks from Panama collected by the Alan Hancock Expedition to the Galapagos Islands, 1931-1932. Alan Hancock Foundations Pub. use. Los Angeles 2(12): 1767-245, pis. 18- 23 (August 21). TURNER, RUTH D. 1956. The eastern Pacific marine mollusks described by C.B. Adams. Occas. Papers on Mollusks, Mus. Comp. Zool, Harvard 2(20):21-135, pis. 5-21 (September 22). NEW PUBLICATIONS ANNOUNCED World Seashells of Rarity and Beauty. By: A. Matsukuma, T. Okutani & T. Habe. 1991. Revised and enlarged edition, 216 pp., 156 color pis., clothbound. Volutes. By: G.T. Poppe & Y. Goto. 1992. Approx. 380 pp., 107 color pis. + b&w photos, hardcover. Marine Prosobranch Gastropods from Oceanic Islands off Brazil. By: Jos6 H.Leal. 1991. 418 pp., 25 pis., maps, charts, paperback. Price: $74.00 postpaid. American Malacologists, P.O. Box 1192, Burlington, MA 01803. Atlante delle Conchiglie del Medio Adriatico. By: T. Cossignani. 1992. 120 pp., 35 color pis., hardbound. Economic Zoology: A Dictionary of Useful and Destructive Animals. By: B. Jangi. 1991. 216 pp., hardbound. Price: 63.00. A. A Balkema Publishers, P.O. Box 1675, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. A Systemic Classification of the Gastropod Family Conidae at the Generic Level. By: A. J. da Motta. 1991. 48 pp., many color photos, text, English & French. Price: $48.00 (hardbound) $35.00 (softbound) plus postage. The Mitridae of the World, Part 2. The Subfamily Mitrinae Concluded and Subfamilies Imbricariinae and Cylindromitrinae. By: Walter O. Cernohorsky. 1991. Monographs of Marine Mollusca 4, 164 pp., 4 color pis., 144 b&w pis. Price: 35.00. Page 81 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 TECTARIUS MURICATUS (LINNAEUS, 1758) FROM THE NORTHERN GULF OF CALIFORNIA, MEXICO JOHN A. BISHOP 3026 Freeman, San Diego, California 92106 On March 4-5, 1988, my wife and I drove our camper to El Golfo de Santa Clara, a small Mexican town 110 miles below Mexicali at the northernmost tip of the Gulf of California and 6 to 7 miles to the east of the termination of the Colorado River delta (31°41’N, 114°50’W). This was my first trip to this location and I was hoping to find an isolated beach covered with interesting shells. We parked our camper on the beach in front of the town and looked for shells in an area extending from the town to a point 5 km to the southeast. The tides were fairly low and the daytime temperature was about 80°F and the water temperature approximately 70° F. The beach in this area was mostly firm sand with occasional shallow, moist basins holding tide water with draining rivulets to the Gulf. There were infrequent small boggy and muddy areas but no rocks of any size. We collected some 15 different species of mollusks (listed below) including a littorine I had never seen before (Figures 1 & 2). This species was fairly abundant over a few hundred yards of beach at the midtide level in areas that remained wet. Calliostoma palmeri Dali, 1871 was found in this same area. I collected nine living specimens of this littorine and was not able to identify them as being either a west coast or Panamic species. However, they appear to be identical to the Beaded Periwinkle, Tectarius muricatus (Linnaeus, 1758), of southern Florida, West Indies and Bermuda, where it is found in the upper intertidal area on rocks and is 12.7-25.4 mm in height (Abbott, 1974). My shells are from 13 to 18 mm in height and have the same slit umbilicus found in Atlantic populations. Figures 1 & 2. Tectarius muricatus (Linnaeus, 1758). Length: 18.9 mm. Location: El Golfo de Santa Clara, Gulf of California, collected live on upper intertidal on sandy beach, March 4-5, 1988. Leg. John Bishop. (1) apertural view (2) dorsal view. Photos: D.K. Mulliner Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 82 After showing my littorines to a fellow collector, Irene Andrews of Chula Vista, California, she provided me with a second group of five specimens she had found dead in the beach drift at Playa Hermosa, in 1986. This location is 35 km (20 mi) south of San Felipe, Baja California, Mexico. She went there several times a year between 1983 and 1986 and stayed with a friend while she made serious efforts to collect shells from the area. Recently she visited her host, Virginia Alex, now living in Laguna Hills, California, and obtained 5 more drift specimens of this littorine from the same location. I returned to El Golfo de Santa Clara in March of 1991 and 1992 at times of extreme low tides but have not been able to find this species again. Has anyone else seen this shell - in Baja or Sonora? My thanks to Dave Mulliner who took the photographs, to Carole & Jules Hertz and Carol Skoglund for their help in identification of species and to Henry W. Chaney for his review of the paper. Mollusks Collected at El Golfo de Santa Clara March 1988 Laevicardium datum (Sowerby, 1833) Chione gnidia (Broderip & Sowerby, 1829) Tellina simulans C.B. Adams, 1852 Soleti sp. Calliostoma palmeri Dali, 1871 Twritella anactor Berry, 1957 Cafyptraea mamillaris Broderip, 1834 Natica chemnitzii Pfeiffer, 1840 PoUnices recluzianus (Deshayes, 1839) Muricanthus nigritiis (Philippi, 1845) Solenosteira capitanea Berry, 1957 Nassarius brunneostoma Stearns, 1893 Oliva incrassata Lightfoot, 1786 Agaronia testacea (Lamarck, 1811) Conns perplexus Sowerby, 1857 LITERATURE CITED ABBOTT, R. TUCKER 1974. American Seashells, Second Ed., Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, 663 pages, 24 color pis., 4000+ b&w illus. IN MEMORIAM With sadness we report the passing of longtime member, Clifford Martin, on May 15, 1992 at Tri- City Hospital in Oceanside, California. Clifford was 82 years of age and a member of the San Diego Shell Club for over twenty-two years. Clifford was recording secretary of the Club in 1971 and 1972 and he was an early supporter of The Festivus. being on the original staff as a reporter and writing articles for The Festivus. The Club has missed seeing Clifford in the last few years and our sympathy goes to his brother, Clifton. Page 83 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(7): 1992 A NOTE ON EXOTIC SPECIES HENRY W. CHANEY Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, California 93105 It is highly unlikely that Tectarius muricatus was collected from a naturally occurring population in the upper Gulf of California in 1988. To have done so, this common, conspicuous littoral species would have had to escape notice in a region which has seen thousands of accumulated hours of collecting by numerous, dedicated intertidal malacologists during the past half century. Instead, this report by John Bishop of living specimens being collected from El Golfo de Santa Clara appears to be a classic case of the temporary establishment of an exotic or introduced species. One that was able to survive and briefly reproduce in a habitat quite foreign to its typical high tidal rocky substrates along the Atlantic coast. In this context, this event is important to record because it adds to the growing list of common species which are being reported from localities far from their expected ranges. In some cases, these dramatic range extensions are perfectly valid, reflecting an increase in collecting activities or a new collecting method. However in many other instances, species have migrated via human activities. Intertidal species are especially conspicuous since they are readily accessible to the collector. In California alone, Carlton by 1975 was able to report that from 150 to 200 invertebrate taxa had been introduced from New England, Japan, Australasia and many other regions. Methods of species transport range from ship fouling and being flushed from ship’s ballast to being imported as part of commercial mariculture. Species like Littorina and Tectarius which can survive periods out of water could easily be transported overland. In the present case, the subsequent reproduction and dispersal of Tectarius is problematical since the life history of the group is poorly known (Rosewater, 1972). However it only takes a single gravid female and the right conditions to found a colony, even if subsequent events make its success short lived. Readers are urged to report similar finds where the collection data is reliable and accurate, even if the occurrence seems improbable. LITERATURE CITED CARLTON, J.T. 1975. Introduced intertidal invertebrates. In R.I. Smith & J.T. Carlton (eds.) Light’s Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates of the Central California Coast. Third Edition, University of California Press, pp. 17-26. ROSEWATER, J.R. 1972. The family Littorinidae in the Indo-Pacific. Part II. The subfamilies Tectariinae and Echininae. Indo-Pacific Mollusca 2((12):507-528. ISSN 0738-9388 I 4THE FESTIVUS publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV August 13, 1992 Number: 8 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) Treasurer Past President CLUB STAFF Historian Librarian FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Business Manager Photographer Jules Hertz Terry Arnold Richard Negus Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Larry Buck Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz Jules Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Membership (includes family): $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $15.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Tucker Abbott American Malacologists Henry W Chaney Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Terrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Paul Scott Santa Barbara Museum of Natimal History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM DAVAO REDISCOVERED Bob Yin, Club member and award winning on diving in Davao (Thlikot), Philippines, a prolific underwater photographer, will present a slide show area for deepwater mollusks and other marine life. Meeting date: August 20th Shells of the month: Strombidae {Strombus, Lambis, Tibia & Terebelliim) CONTENTS Club news 85 Interesting gastropods from the 1992 Cocos Island Expedition HENRY W. CHANEY 86 Annual meeting of the WSM JULES HERTZ 92 Correction to "Review of the Vitrinellidae...from the Gemmell Collection" 93 Range extensions? CAROL SKOGLUND 94 Page 85 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(8): 1992 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - July 16, 1992 President Jules Hertz called the meeting to order at 7:45 PM. After introduction of guests, Jules made members aware of the shell displays. Michael Hollmann brought in a beautiful, large naticid display and Margaret and Dave Mulliner brought in a selection of choice shells collected on the Cocos Island Expedition. Jules shared with the audience the publications recently received for the Club library and reminded members of the September party at the Catarius’ home on the 19th. He passed around a signup sheet for potluck contributions. The Qub is grateful to Bill Romer who volunteered to take over the job of Club host until the end of the year. [This relieves Linda and Kim Hutsell who have generously served for over two years.] Carole Hertz announced that The Festivus has received a Canon PC-11 copier from an anonymous donor [see p. 94]. Carole expressed the gratitude of the Club for this very generous gift. Dave Mulliner had a few short comments on the recent WSM meeting-the 25th-at Asilomar. It will be held in San Diego next year. Terry Arnold then introduced the speaker for the evening, the Club’s Kim Hutsell, who presented his original video made on the last Cocos Island trip. Kim narrated the video telling the story of their trip. There were some extraordinary views of live Haliotis roberti and Morum veleroae collected and photographed in aquaria on the boat, and underwater and topside scenes of the area surrounding Cocos Island. It was a program enjoyed by all. And for those unable to attend, Kim announced that a copy of the video will be available in the Club library. Following Kim’s program, Carole and Jules Hertz gave a short slide presentation on the recent WSM meeting, after which Carole auctioned off several books that had been donated to raise funds for the Club. Bill Romer won the door prize and the refreshments were provided by the Boyds and the Hillises. Linda Hutsell New Members Bialasiewicz, Seweryn, 7651 S. Kendall Blvd., Littleton, CO 80123 (303) 973-1705 Foster, Nora, University of Alaska Museum, 900 Yukon Dr., Fairbanks, AK 99701 (907) 474-7994 Lance, James R., 746 Agate St., San Diego, CA 92109 (619) 488-2132 Randall, Shelly, 3257*/2 Folsom Blvd., Sacramento, CA 95816 (916) 457-2336 Change of Address Meier, Lt. John D. Jr., OPS, CDC, USS Constellation (CV64), FPO AE 09558 Oregon Society of Conchologists Announces 28th Annual Shell Show The Oregon society of Conchologists presents its 28th annual shell show from August 15th - September 7th, 1992 at the Oregon Museum of Science & Industry (OMSI), 4015 S.W. Canyon Rd., Portland, Oregon. A New Book on Cones Announced SOUTHEAST ASIAN CONUS by Kim Chuan Fong and Victor T.H. Wee is now available. The 8.5 X 11 hardcover book with text in English has "about" 100 pages with 32 pages in color. "The southeast Asian biogeographic region (Wallacea) is perhaps the richest in number of species, at least for the molluscan genus Conus. This illustrated guide book of seashells is a serious attempt of its kind to document and eventually serve as a standard regional reference for this large and diversified group. ..[with] a taxonomic list of over 330 living species, inclusive of subspecies and synonyms, and illustrations of over 220, each individually photographed in full colour...." Pre-publication price (before 31 Aug.): $33.95 plus $5.00 surface mail (or $30.00 airmail). Publication price: $39.95 plus postage. Send orders to: SEACONUS PTE LTD, 580 Yio Chu Kang Rd. #03-02, Thomson Grove, Singapore 2678. Vol. XXIV(8): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 86 INTERESTING GASTROPODS FROM THE 1992 COCOS ISLAND EXPEDITION HENRY W. CHANEY Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, California 93105 During April 1992 the eleventh expedition since 1983 to Isla del Coco, Costa Rica continued an ongoing survey of the marine mollusks from this most interesting outpost of the eastern Pacific. This year’s effort was notable in that several new deep water areas were surveyed using both tangle nets and a small dredge. By using a global positioning system (GPS), a small portable device which generates precise geographic coordinates, we were able to quickly and systematically chart our offshore collecting stations and return to them as necessary. Despite this refined collection methodology we encountered difficulties with the local fishermen who persistently tried to remove our tangle nets and steal the valuable ropes and buoys. This interference resulted in the loss of more than half of the nets and greatly hindered that part of this year’s survey. However overall results were very successful, thanks especially to the efforts of David Mulliner, whose dredge was clearly the "star" of the expedition. As in past trips, mollusks continued to be discovered that were either new to science, new records for the region, or were a significant addition to our existing knowledge of the fauna. While the new taxa await formal description, several previously known gastropods were collected which are new to the Cocos area (new records) or are of sufficent interest to warrant comment (as additional records). In the following report species are arranged by how they were collected. Reference is also given to mollusks collected originally on previous expeditions but not reported on until additional specimens were acquired this year. NEW RECORDS: From tangle nets The most productive region for tangle nets continued to be the vicinity off Bahia Chatham, north Cocos Island. This year, nets placed in 100- 120 m on sand and coral rubble yielded the following four records: Cantharus rehderi Berry, 1962 The two living C. rehderi netted during April 1992 were the first complete specimens collected during these expeditions (Figures 1-2). Although the type locality is the Bay of Panama, this species has been reported throughout much of the Panamic Province. Those taken earlier were only broken fragments, encrusted by the vermetid Petaloconchus complicatus Dali, 1908. Similarly, Fusinus allyni McLean, 1970, a Cocos-Galapagan endemic, was another gastropod only found as heavily encrusted dead fragments. However, living Fusinus were also collected for the first time in April (Figure 3). Cotonopsis deroyae (Emerson & D’Attilio, 1969) Juveniles of C. deroyae had been found previously by Donald Shasky off Bahia Chatham but were identified as C. edentula (Dali, 1908) and cited as such by Jung (1989). However when compared against live adult specimens collected in April 1992, these juveniles were shown to have similar axial sculpture on the early teleoconch whorls as well as the same color pattern as that of C. deroyae. This axial sculpturing then becomes obsolete on later whorls, unlike that on most specimens of C. endentula. These adult specimens also differed from adult C. edentula by not having shouldered whorls. As shown by Figure 4 the anterior canals of the two Cocos Island specimens are much shorter in comparison to the typical form from the Galdpagos and are much smaller overall. Their morphology Page 87 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(8): 1992 Figures 1 & 2. Canthams rchderi Berry, 1962. (1) adult specimen, 54.25 mm, (2) sub-adult, 45.58 mm, SBMNH #55225. Figure 3. Fusinus allyni McLean, 1970. First live specimen collected, 79.12 mm, SBMNH #55226. Figure 4. Cotonopsis deroyae (Emerson & D’Attilio, 1969). Left specimen from Isla Santa Cruz, GaHpagos islands, 47.87 mm, SBMNH #52700. Two specimens at right from Cocos Island, 30.70 mm (top), 27.92 mm (bottom), SBMNH #55227. Vol. XXI V(8): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 88 more closely conforms to a single specimen figured by Jung (1989) as Coionopsis aff. deroyae, collected from Banco Mancora, west of Tumbes, Peru. Prior to this report, and exclusive of the Peruvian variant, C. deroyae was only known from Isla Santa Cruz, Galdpagos Island, Ecuador and is regarded as the largest species of the genus (Jung, 1989). Lotioxis (Babelomurex) santacmzensis Emerson & D’Attilio, 1970 Previously believed to be restricted to the Galdpagos Islands, two live specimens of L. santacmzensis were collected by Kirstie Kaiser from a tangle net off Bahia Chatham during the February 1991 Cocos expedition. In April 1992 additional specimens were netted from the same locality. Included were two juveniles, a single small adult (Figure 5) and an unusually large specimen, collected by Douglas von Kriegelstein. Murexiella diomedaea (Dali, 1908) A single crabbed specimen, netted this year, is the only record of this uncommon muricid from Cocos Island. Previously reported only from the type locality. Albatross Station 3397, in the Gulf of Panama (Keen, 1971; Fair, 1976) the range of this poorly known species was then extended to Baja California by Yokes (1970) and Radwin and D’Attilio (1976). The occurrence of M. diomedaea in the Gulf of California was subsequently reviewed by Hertz and D’Attilio (1985). The present specimen (Figure 6) has longer spines and is more delicate than those figured from mainland localities (Figure 7, for example). It is an immature specimen which has eroded considerably since death. Neorapana muricata (Broderip, 1832) A single crabbed specimen was caught by Donald Shasky from a net deployed in 100 m off Bahia Iglesias, east Cocos Island. There has been no previous evidence of this common Panamic species from the island, despite the extensive collecting by diving during the past ten years. Figure 5. Latiaxis santacruzensis Emerson & Figures 6 & 7. Murexiella diomedaea (Dali. 1908). (6) Dead, immature lip, 34.43 D’Attilio, 1970. Small adult, 33.65 mm, SBMNH mm, SBMNH #55229. (7) From deep water off El Salvador, Robert Foster #55228. Collection, 34.13 mm. Page 89 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(8): 1992 NEW RECORDS: With SCUBA Epitonium (Aspaiscala) indistinctiim (Sowerby, 1844) Specimens of E. indistinctum have been collected from San Bias, Nayarit, Mexico to the Galdpagos, but by 1974 Dushane reported that not more than a dozen specimens had been recorded in the time since the original description. This is the first adult specimen collected during the Cocos Expeditions (Figure 8) although there are several juveniles and fragments, attributable to this species, in the Shasky Collection. The figured specimen was collected live by Martin Beals at night from 20 m. It was active on clean fine sand in Bahia Wafer, west Cocos Island where it most probably feeds on one of the numerous burrowing cnidarians which are abundant in the bay. Cancellaria (Bivetiella) pulchra Sowerby, 1832 Although commonly found throughout the Panamic Province from Guaymas to Ecuador, this is the first report of the cancellarid from Cocos Island. A single live adult was buried in sand and rubble and exposed by extensive fanning. It was taken by Douglas von Kriegelstein from 20 m off the east side of Isla Manuelita, Bahia Chatham. The specimen is currently in the von Kriegelstein collection. It is interesting that no evidence of this species had been seen previously despite the extensive collecting, during both day and night, at this locality during successive expeditions. ADDITIONAL RECORD: With SCUBA A single dead specimen of Cymatium aquatile (Reeve, 1844) was also collected under rubble in 20 m, off Isla Manuelita. This is the second record of this Indo-Pacific species from Cocos Island. Its distributional record has been obscured by a close affiliation with Cymatium pileare (Linnaeus, 1758), and the only previous report of C. aquatile from Cocos Island was ^ C. pileare (see Emerson & Old, 1964). That shell was a large, broken beachworn specimen subsequently re-identified as C. aquatile by Beu and Kay (1988) during their revision of the C. pileare complex. Earlier published reports (Keen, 1971) also Figure 8, Epitonium indistinctum (Sowerby, 1844). Adult, 12.70 mm, SBMNH #55230. attributed to C. pileare the more common Cocos Island form, shown by Beu and Kay (1988) to be C. macrodon (Valenciennes, 1832), which has also been treated alternatively as a subspecies of C. pileare (see Emerson, 1991). While this record reaffirms the presence of two species of the C. pileare complex at Cocos Island, there is no confirmed record of C. pileare (s.s.) being present. NEW RECORDS: By dredge Distorsio jenniemestae Emerson & Piech, 1992 A juvenile and sub-adult specimen were dredged live from 95-110 m on coarse gravel and rubble, off Punta Mary, west Cocos Island. The sub-adult specimen had begun to develop the notch on the outer lip that is characteristic of this new taxon and separates it from the other Panamic Distorsio (Figure 9). Vol. XXIV(8): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 90 Specimens of Distorsio have only rarely been collected from Cocos Island with no definitive records being reported in the literature. Specimens attributed to Distorsio constricta (Broderip, 1833), which might be present in older Cocos Island collections, may in fact prove to be D. jenniernestae upon further examination. ADDITIONAL RECORDS: By dredge Several species were dredged during the 1992 expedition which, while previously reported from Cocos Island, provided notable additional information. Previous to 1989, Haliotis roberti McLean, 1970 had only been known from the type series, collected by the Velero III in 1938. In 1989, Donald Shasky reported the discovery of six specimens adhering to coralline algae in debris collected by tangle net at 80-90 m (Shasky, 1989). Additional specimens were collected by the same method in February 1991, and up to that time all specimens collected ranged in size from 6-20 mm, with the one exception being a larger individual (24.5 mm) found on a small rock. During the 1992 expedition, H. roberti were acquired by net, by SCUBA at 30 m, and by dredging in 100 m and have now been shown to be quite common at that depth. The two largest specimens yet collected were dredged off the east coast of Cocos Island. One was a live 27.7 mm specimen which came up on a rock, while the second was a partial fragment with an estimated length of 34.95 mm (Figure 10), almost twice the diameter of the holotype. Two other notable species dredged at the same locality were Cancellaria centrota Dali, 1896 and two Monitn veleroae Emerson, 1968. Although Cocos Island is the type locality for both of these taxa, this was the first live C. centrota collected during the present series of expeditions (Figure 11). Collection of the Morum was the first of a series of specimens to be taken during April 1992, offering an opportunity to study both the shell and animal. The results of this study will be reported in a forthcoming issue of The Festivus. Thanks to W.K. Emerson for reviewing the manuscript. Figure 9. Distorsio jenniernestae Emerson & Figure 10. Haliotis roberti McLean, 1970. Figure 11. Cancellaria centrota Dali, 1896. Piech, 1992. Sub-adult, 35.02 mm, SBMNH Largest specimens yet collected, (top) live First live specimen collected, 31.11 mm, #55231. adult, 27.7 mm, (bottom) fragment, SBMNH #55233. estimated length 34.95 mm, SBMNH #55232. Page 91 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(8); 1992 LITERATURE CITED BEU A.G. & E.A. KAY 1988. Taxonomy of gastropods of the families Ranellidae (=Cymatiidae) and Bursidae. Part IV. The Cymatium pileare complex. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 18(2): 185-223. DALE, W.H. 1908. Reports on the dredging operations of the west coast of Central America to the GaHpagos, to the west coast of Mexico, and in the Gulf of California. ..XIV. The Mollusca and Brachiopoda. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard. 43(6):205-487. DUSHANE, H. 1974. The Panamic-Galapagan Epitoniidae. The Veliger 16(Supplement):l-84. EMERSON, W.K. 1991. First records for Cymatium mundum (Gould) in the eastern Pacific Ocean, with comments on the zoogeography of the tropical trans- pacific tonnacean and non-tonnacean prosobranch gastropods with Indo-Pacific feunal affinities in west American waters. The Nautilus 105(2):62-80. EMERSON, W.K. & W.E. OLD 1962. Results of the Puritan-American Museum of Natural History expedition to western Mexico. 19. The Recent mollusks: Gastropoda, Strombacea, Tonnacea, and Cymatiacea. American Museum Novitates 2153:1-38. EMERSON, W.K. & B.J. PIECH 1992. Remarks on Distorsio constricta (Broderip, 1838) and related species in the eastern Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species (Gastropoda: Personidae). The Veliger 35(2): 105-1 16. FAIR, R.H. 1976. The Murex Book: an Illustrated Catalogue of the Recent Muricidae (Muricinae, Muricopsinae, Ocenebrinae). Privately published. 138 pp. HERTZ, C.M. & A. D’ATTILIO 19S5. Murexiella diomedaea (Dali, 1908) from the Gulf of California. The Festivus 17(9):90- 94. JUNG, P. 1989. Revision of the Strombina - Group (Gastropoda: Columbellidae), fossil and living. Memoires Suisses de Paleontologie 111:1-228. KEEN, A.M. 1971. Sea Shells of Tropical West America: Marine Mollusks from Baja California to Peru. Stanford University Press. 1064-1- pp. RADWIN, G.E. & A. D’ATTILIO 1976. Murex Shells of the World. An illustrated guide to the Muricidae. Stanford University Press. 284 pp. SHASKY, D.R. 1989. My last seven years - at Cocos Island. The Festivus 21(8):72-75. VOKES, E.H. 1970. The west American species of Murexiella (Gastropoda: Muricidae) including two new species. The Veliger 12(3):325-329. 28th ANNUAL UNDERWATER FILM FESTIVAL The 28th Annual San Diego Underwater Film Festival, presented by the San Diego Underwater Photographic Society, will be held at Civic Theatre, San Diego, on Friday and Saturday evenings, September 11 and 12. Performances begin at 8:00 P.M. on both evenings. There is open seating and all tickets are $12.00 at the box office. There is a discount of $1.00 per ticket for early purchases through a member of the San Diego Underwater Photographic Society. Vol. XXIV(8): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 92 ANNUAL MEETING OF THE WSM JULES HERTZ Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta Del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, California 93105 The 25th annual meeting of the Western Society of Malacologists was held 30 June to 3 July 1992 at the Asilomar Conference Center, Pacific Grove, California. There were approximately 58 people in attendance for two full days of papers, including some concurrent sessions, as well as business, social, and field events. It was a very successful meeting in a very beautiful setting, thanks to the planning and arranging by president David K. Mulliner and others on his board. The opening day featured a wine and cheese reception and an excellent slide show. Dave Mulliner showed slides of the 1968 planning meeting for the formation of WSM and reminisced about the organizers and attendees of this first meeting. It was fitting that Dave, who was President of WSM in 1968 was once again president at the 25th annual meeting. Dave also showed beautiful slides of nudibranchs. The slide show continued with Jim McLean’s slides of the last AMU/WSM meeting at Berkeley, Nora Foster’s collecting trip in Alaska, Bill Pitt’s fossil collecting in various locales in South America, and Gene Coan’s slides of the malacological meeting held in Caracas, Venezuela. Attendees were also able to get their first glimpse of the exhibit displays by Kit Stewart, Elsie Marshall, Don Shasky, Walter Schroeder, and Carole Hertz. The meeting featured two symposia, the Cocos Island Symposium and the Opisthobranch Symposium, as well as a number of contributed papers. I was most interested in the Cocos Island Symposium, since this was the first time that a full symposium was devoted to this subject. Michel Montoya of Costa Rica opened this session with an overview of the physical environment of Cocos Island, the history of collecting on the island, the effect of the different current systems on the types of species found on the island, and the effects of El Nino on the species found there. This was followed by Don Shasky with a talk on "Diversity and Distribution of Mollusks at Cocos Island; A Zoogeographic Overview." He discussed the malacofauna at Cocos Island, discussing in turn the taxa found throughout the Panamic Province, those species which originate in the Indo-Pacific, and those endemic to the Cocos-Galapagan region. Henry Chaney gave a review of the collecting methods used to collect mollusks during past expeditions to Cocos Island. The other papers in the symposium were devoted to various groups of mollusks collected at Cocos, i.e. Doug Eernisse on chitons, Paul Scott on bivalves, Dave Mulliner on opisthobranchs, Lindsey Groves on Cypraeacea and Lamellariacea, Don Shasky on Muricidae and Coralliophilidae, and Henry Chaney on neogastropods. I thought the highlight of this symposium was the video of the 1992 Cocos Island Expedition prepared and presented by Kim Hutsell. This featured the collecting of Haliotis roberti and Morum velewae and very fascinating views of the animals of the two species. Also interesting to me were views of a dredge being pulled through a sandy area in 60 feet of water. A most interesting paper to me in the Opisthobranch symposium was Sandra Millen’s "Opisthobranch Mollusks of Peru." The slides of her collecting areas and the hair-raising stories on collecting in such rough waters even outdid the slides of the beautiful animals found. The most fantastic thing was that she was able to find animals despite the difficult collecting site. Of the contributed papers, I enjoyed greatly the beautiful land snails from Thailand discussed by Clifton Coney and the marvelous photographs of caecums presented by Bert Draper in his paper, "An Overview of the Family Caecidae in the Pacific and Indian Oceans." During the meeting two awards were presented. An Honorary Membership award was made to Kikutaro Baba of Japan and an Award of Honor was presented to Eugene Coan. Page 93 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXI V(8): 1992 The social events and the field trip to the Monterey Aquarium were other noteworthy occurrences of this WSM meeting. Once again, Henry Chaney was auctioneer at the annual auction. There was a great variety of shells and books for auction but not too many willing bidders. The heroic efforts of the auctioneer, however, resulted in a successful event. A reprint sale, run once again by George Kennedy, was also successful. The banquet’s guest speaker was Charles Baxter of Hopkins Marine Station, and his topic was "Benthic Research in the Monterey Canyon." The talk featured a video taken from a deep submersible and showed exotic animals in-situ that had never been seen before by most of the professional malacologists in the audience. Of course, at $8,000. per hour the submersible is not your everyday research tool. The field trip to the Monterey Aquarium was great even though I had been there before. The new exhibit area on jellyfish is unique and features many tanks of these beautiful animals, some showing different stages of development. This is a must for anyone interested in the animals of the oceans. For those of you who missed this year’s meeting, make sure to attend next year in San Diego. A symposium on chitons will certainly be a feature of what promises to be an exciting meeting. CORRECTION TO "REVIEW OF THE V1TRINEIIJDAE..FROM THE GEMMEIH COIIHCTION' In the July 1992 paper by Hertz, Myers & Gemmell [Festivus 14(7):68-80] part of the "Literature Cited" was inadvertently left out. The missing citations are printed here. The editor apologizes for the omission. DRAPER, BERTRAM 1974a. Minute shells - part 8. Tabulata 7(3):69-76, figs. 1-24 (July 1). 1974b. Minute shells - part 9. Tabulata 7(4): 100-1 14, figs. 1-33 (October 1). DUSHANE, HELEN 1962. A checklist of mollusks for Puertecitos, Baja California, Mexico. Veliger 5(l):39-50 (July 1). DUSHANE, HELEN & ELLEN BRENNAN 1969. A preliminary survey of mollusks for Consag Rock and adjacent areas. Gulf of California, Mexico. Veliger 11(4):35 1-363, 1 map (April 1). DUSHANE, HELEN & ROY POORMAN 1967. A checklist of mollusks for Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico. Veliger 9(4):4 13-441 (April 1). GEMMELL, JOYCE, CAROLE M. HERTZ & BARBARA W. MYERS 1980. Seastar predation on mollusks in the San Felipe Bay area, Baja California, Mexico. Festivus 12(3):24-55, figs. 1-51, 1 map (March). 1989. Cyclostremiscus nodosus of Pilsbry & Olsson, 1952. Festivus 21(5):42-45, figs. 1-7 (May 11). HERTLEIN, LEO GEORGE & A.M. STRONG 1951. 5. Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society. XLIII. Mollusks from the west coast of Mexico and Central America. Part X:67 - 120, pis. 1-11 (August 20). HERTZ, CAROLE M., BARBARA W. MYERS & JOYCE GEMMELL 1992. Two new vitrinellid species from the Gulf of California, Mexico (Gastropoda: Vitrinellidae). Veliger 35(l):70-73, figs. 1-8 (January 2). KEEN, A. MYRA 1971. Sea shells of tropical west America. Marine mollusks from Baja California to Peru. 2nd ed., Stanford Univ. Press. i-xiv+ 1-1074, 22 color pis., ca 4000 figs. MCLEAN, JAMES H. 1961. Marine mollusks from Los Angeles Bay, Gulf of California. Trans. SDSNH 12(28):449-476, figs. 1- 3 (August 15). MORCH, O.A.L. 1875. Synopsis molluscorum marinorum Indiarum occidentalium. Malak. Blatter 22:142-184. MYERS, BARBARA W., CAROLE M. HERTZ & JOYCE GEMMELL 1989. Preliminary report on the Vitrinellidae from San Felipe, Baja California, Mexico, from the Gemmell collection (1965-1976). WSM Ann. Rept. 21:17 (Abstract). 1990. A discussion oiEpiscynia boUvari Pilsbry & Olsson, 1946 and related eastern Pacific species. Festivus 22(2): 13-20, figs. 1-6 (February 9). 1991. Two new species of Vitrinellidae from the Gulf of California, Mexico (Gastropoda). Venus 50(1):33- 34, figs. 1-11 (May). Vol. XXIV(8): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 94 RANGE EXTENSIONS? CAROL SKOGLUND Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, California, 93105 Dr. Chaney’s note on exotic species in the July 1992 issue of The Festivus brought back memories I’d rather forget. In 1963, when I was a very new shelter, I had collected at Los Angeles Bay, on the Gulf side of Baja California, Mexico, before driving across to Miller’s Landing on the Pacific side of the peninsula, which is considered to be north of the Panamic Province. Next morning, at Miller’s Landing, I cleaned the shells from Los Angeles Bay, and discarded those I didn’t want on the beach. Those discarded shells could have resulted in false range extensions if some knowledgeable person had come along and picked them up. About the same time, a delightful Pima Indian living in Puerto Penasco, Sonora, got shells from the shrimp boats and sold them to the tourists by walking the beaches looking for customers. He had many shells never seen in our area that he got "right over there," or if really pressed, "from Guatemala." What he never said, was that he traded the shells he got from the shrimpers to a dealer from the Los Angeles, California, area. In exchange he got shells from other parts of the world. Several people were taken in by his "local" shells, one of whom told me he got an abalone "right over there." Before the port was built at Puerto Penasco, an occasional shrimp boat would come into Cholla Bay on the high tide and stay as the receding tide left it high and dry. While repairs were made to the hull, the boat was cleaned and restocked. On two occasions, I found live shells on the bay bottom in the same area where the boat had been. I had not seen these species in all my years of collecting at Cholla Bay. My guess is that they were thrown overboard when the boat was cleaned. Shrimp boats from Puerto Penasco go all the way to Cedros Island, on the west coast of Baja California, and south to the Gulf of Tehuantepec. Another chance for a false range extension. Some shellers went clamming at Puerto San Carlos, on Magdalena Bay, on the west coast of Baja California Sur. Several days later, south of La Paz, on the Gulf side of Baja, one person decided the clams in the "fridge" had gone bad and dumped them on the beach. This time, the clam was known from both sides of the peninsula but the process could have resulted in another false range extension. The moral of this story is - be careful where you dump your unwanted shells! AN ANONYMOUS GIFT TO THE FESTIVUS Just a few weeks ago The Festivus received an extremely generous gift from an anonymous friend of the San Diego Shell Club. A wonderful Canon PC- 11 copy machine was donated to The Festivus by this benefactor and has been working steadily since. Besides making the editor’s job easier and much more efficient, it is gratifying to know that this individual must have considerable regard for the purpose and accomplishments of The Festivus. The Festivus welcomes donations toward special projects. They help to make possible undertakings such as supplements (which have been free to members), special issues and color plates. The editor ?*• M' .■m 'V k f '■ > '<• ’ v. I A •• ' >v., , ' V ’^•••' . ,?i 'h : V t'; ■i*? TP] ^ji Ji- 1 s ' .■■ •' I '>',1 i ■'• n '■ yx!j'. I ,v ’..y \o\ |\/\oUU IT H E FES V u s ISSN 0738-9388 Volume: XXIV September 10, 1992 Number: 9 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) Tleasurer Past President CLUB STAFF Historian Librarian FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Business Manager Photographer Jules Hertz Terry Arnold Richard Negus Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Larry Buck Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz Jules Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Membership (includes family): $12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $15.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTIFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Tucker Abbott American Malacologists Henry W Chaney Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Terrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Paul Scott Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM The September Party The Club’s annual fall party will be held on Saturday evening September 19th at the home of Debbie and Larry Catarius. The festivities will - A MEXICAN FIESTA begin at 6 PM. For further details see page 96 of this issue. A map with instructions is on the last page. There will be no regular meeting this month. CONTENTS Club news 96 Panamic puzzles: Those peripatetic eulimids BOB KOCH 97 A new paper on chitons 100 California cowries (Cypraeacea): past and present, with notes on Recent tropical eastern Pacific species LINDSEY T GROVES 101 Map for detaching Page 96 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 CLUB NEWS From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - August 20, 1992 Larry Buck called the meeting to order at 7:40 PM and introduced new members and guests. A signup sheet was put out for the September party on the 19th (see notice below). Hugh Bradner announced that the journal "The Cowrie" is resuming publication and accepting subscriptions. Dave Mulliner introduced the evening’s speaker, Bob Yin, who gave a slide show on Davao and the new resort. The Pearl Farm Resort, which offers snorkeling, diving or just relaxation. Many of the fishing areas and reefs are protected by the locals to keep the underwater life from being over- collected. Bob also had a tangle net to show and gave a short talk on how they are used in the area. The cookies were brought by the Romers and the Bartons and Vi Thomas won the door prize. Linda Hutsell Additions to the Roster Reed, Wayne, 107 Murray St., Chula Vista, CA 2010, (619) 691-8766 Senckenbergische Bibliothek, Zeitschrift- enabteilung/DFG, Bockenheimer Landstr. 134- 138, D-W-6000, Frankfurt/Main, Germany The September Party - A Mexican Fiesta The September party with its Mexican theme will be on Saturday evening, September 19th. It will again be held in the garden of Debbie and Larry Catarius’ home. (See map on last page.) The party will begin at 6:00 P.M. If you did not sign up for a food contribution (dishes with a Mexican flavor to serve 12), or have not been contacted, call either Carole Hertz (277- 6259) or Larry Buck (792-5404). Club parties are always the greatest, so plan to come in your best Mexican attire and enjoy the terrific food, music, games, and campaneros. Club Library News The Club has received several requests from out- of-town members to borrow original Club videos from the library. The Club encourages the circulation of its videos but has never disclosed its policy on the loan of these tapes. A video may be borrowed for one month and must be received by the librarian no later than one month from the date circulated. A fee of $3.00 is required to cover postage and handling as well as a check in deposit of $25.00 which will be returned on receipt of the rewound tape. (Videos not received by the end of the circulation period will be considered lost and the deposit check will be cashed for replacement.) To arrange a video loan, contact the librarian (Margaret Mulliner, 5283 Vickie Dr., San Diego, 92109, or call (619) 488-2701). All videos are circulated by the librarian. Now added to the list of available tapes (Festivus 24(6) :65 [June]) is The Cocos Expedition- 1992 [no narration]. Letters Received from Student Grant Recipients The Club has received four letters from the recipients of the 1992 Western Society of Malacologists Student Research Grant. The grant, made available by the WSM, the Southwest Shell Club, the Santa Barbara Shell Club and the San Diego Shell Club, was awarded to four applicants. One student, Hsiu-Ping Liu, has been working on the freshwater snails Physa anatina and P. cupreonitens. The second recipient, Ellinor Michel of the University of Arizona, has been conducting her research on Lavigera, an endemic gastropod in Lake Tanganyika which has "undergone extensive endemic radiation." The final two recipients, Steven A. Osborn at Moss Landing Marine Laboratories and Mark Norman at the University of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, are working on octopods. All four students hope to attend the 1993 meeting of the Western Society of Malacologists in La Jolla, California, to present papers on their research projects. Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 97 PANAMIC PUZZLES: THOSE PERIPATETIC EULIMIDS BOB KOCH Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road Santa Barbara, California 93105 Within the Panamic family of the parasitic Eulimidae, as constituted by Keen (1971), there are two genera sharing many common shell characteristics, viz.: Eulima and Balds. Most notable are their relatively small size; smooth, polished surface lacking recognizable sculpture and mostly indistinct sutures. Other eulimid genera evidence many, if not all, of these features, but are omitted for purposes of this discussion. As was Keen’s custom with many minute species, there is no detailed treatment-merely pertinent citations. Hence, one must refer to the monograph by Bartsch (1917) and papers by subsequent authors (listed in the Appendix) with the final described species published in 1951. Several checklists were published in the 1970s and 1980s (also included in the Appendix), citing only a few species. But, so far as I can determine, it wasn’t until the 1990s, when Anders War6n was in the midst of publishing the results of his extensive studies of the family Eulimidae, that any revisions at the species level were made in the Panamic Eulima and Balds (for simplicity I’ve continued to use the Keen taxa). Involved were the transfer of a Eulima to another genus and a "provisional" change by War6n and Crossland (1991) and two instances of synonymizing several Eulima and a Balds under different genera, the transfer of two Sabinella to Eulima and various other taxonomic changes by War6n (1992). The eulimids are a fascinating but frustrating group to identify. Many of the earlier descriptions are so brief as to be of little or no value. Others are so similar as to defy separation. In fact, of the 32 species of Balds listed in Keen, some 15 were described from sets of one or two shells, many decollate, dead and worn. War6n’s (1983) scholarly generic revision of the family Eulimidae adds other intriguing dimensions: dimorphism (two forms, male and female, within a given species), hermaphroditism (individuals change sex, male to female) and "males of 0. 1-0.7 times the size of the females." None of the Panamic descriptions allude to these factors. While not implicitly stated by War6n there is a strong suspicion from his various illustrations that the profiles and color patterns, where present, of the two genera under consideration are relatively similar and size is only a minor difference. But this simply adds to the quilt of uncertainty. When some professional finally sorts out all these problems, plus other suspected synonyms and undescribed species, the individual will still have to contend with geographic dispersal. The preliminary evidence from the three available sources suggests some rather broad ranges: (1) Bartsch’s (1917) monograph (2) the various citations from published checklists and War6n (1992) and (3) personal observations based on some species fortuitously displaying a recognizable color pattern or outline. Carol Skoglund graciously lent me her extensive material for this study. The Bartsch monograph is especially illuminating as, where available, he included with the description a listing of the number and location of all specimens examined. Two species in particular seem to illustrate the potential for broad dispersal. Bartsch examined over 650 Balds micans (Carpenter, 1864) with a type locality of San Pedro, California, but found as far north as British Columbia and south to San Diego California. Three specimens also are listed from Punta Abreojos, Baja California Sur. His examination of over 850 Balds rutila (Carpenter, 1864), type from Monterey, California, also yielded a northern range to British Columbia, while 94 specimens were collected from southern Baja locations, the farthest south being Bahia Magdalena. There are others set down by Bartsch from off the Pacific coast of Baja California Sur which were not included in Keen (1971). These are listed Page 98 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 below with type locality and locations in southern Baja. Bolds cotaUnensis (Bartsch, 1917). Type locality: Catalina Channel, California; also from Punta San Hip61ito. Balds compacto (Carpenter, 1864). Type locality: San Diego, California; also from Punta Abreojos. Bolds grippi (Bartsch, 1917). Type locality: "Newport, California"; also from Punta Abreojos. Bolds hollo (Bartsch, 1917). Type and sole location: Punta Abreojos. Bolds oldroydi (Bartsch, 1917). Type locality: San Pedro, California; also from Punta San Hipdlito and Punta Abreojos. Bolds peninsularis (Bartsch, 1917). Type locality: "Lower California"; also from Punta San Hipdlito, Punta Abreojos and Bahia Magdalena (northern range: San Diego, California). Bolds toravoH (Bartsch, 1917). Type and sole location: Punta Abreojos. Bolds thersites (Carpenter, 1864). Type locality: Santa Barbara, California; also from Punta San Hip61ito and Punta Abreojos. I don’t know which of the aforementioned species, omitted by Keen, might be included in a list of Panamic fauna, but at least the suspicion arises that some of these little rascals could have turned the corner into the Gulf of California and even perambulated farther than that. Take as an example Bolds hollo, for which I can make a pretty good case. In a number of our lots there are good descriptive and dimensional matches (whorls 8 x length 1.8 mm x diameter 0.7 mm) for this tiny shell, "translucent" and "slightly flexed.. .at the tip" (Figure 1). The collecting locations are rather extensive: Puerto Pehasco (33 shells), Isla San Jorge, Puerto Lobos (Cabo Tepoca), Punta San Pedro, Isla San Pedro Nolasco (over 100 shells) and Guaymas, all in the state of Sonora, Mdxico; Isla Danzante, Baja California Sur and Manzanillo, Colima, Mdxico; Playas del Coco, Costa Rica; the Bahia de Panamd (40 shells); and Salinas, Ecuador. Others also from the northern range of the province can be enumerated. Eullmo fuscostrlgoto Carpenter, 1864, for instance, which exhibits an unmistakable color pattern of brown base, sutures and tip, is listed in both Bartsch and Keen with just the type locality of "Cape San Lucas," Baja California Sur. Our dredged specimens (41 shells) Figures 1 & 2. (1) Balcis halia (Bartsch, 1917). Off El Farito Norte (Lighthouse Point), Isla San Pedro Nolasco, Sonora, Mexico, by diving in 14-16 m (45-52 ft), in sand and shell debris from around rocks, 25 Nov. 1989, leg. B. Nicosia. (2) Eulima fuscostrigata Carpenter, 1864. Pier 18, Balboa, Panamd, in grunge from commercially dredged sand from the Bahia de Panamd, 6 Feb. 1985. Photos: D.K. Mulliner are from the Bahia de Panamd (Figure 2). Some southern forms likewise can be shown to exhibit this wanderlust propensity. Eullmo heoleyl (Strong & Hertlein, 1939) was described from a lot of eight shells with the range, according to Keen, as "Panama." Here again good descriptive and dimensional matches can be made for lots from Salinas, Ecuador, then to the north from Bahia Drake and Playas del Coco, Costa Rica and in Mdxico: Manzanillo, Colima; La Cruz de Huantecoxtle (Bahia de las Banderas), Nayarit; ca. Santa Rosalia, Baja California Sur; Guaymas (23 shells), several other Sonoran locations and finally to Puerto Penasco (over 100 shells). Incidentally, the holotype of the "pale brown" shell with a Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 99 "darker subsutural band" (2.1 mm in length) may be a male as it is about half the size of some of our other specimens (Figure 3). Several other examples, within the contents of the Skoglund and Koch collections, can be men- tioned which exhibit distinctive profiles and broad geographic ranges. What 1 take to be the strongly curved or flexed Balds yod (Carpenter, 1857)-there are two other species that may be synonymous; cf. B. drangai Hertlein & Strong, 1951, and B. parx’a (Reeve, 1866)— has been collected in Ecuador, Panamd and a number of Mexican locations, north to Puerto Penasco, Sonora (Figure 4). Keen lists Balds gibba (de Folin, 1867), with an enormously inflated final whorl constituting about half of the flexed shell, as coming from Panamd. Our collecting sites are Ecuador, Costa Rica and a number in the Gulf of California including Puerto Penasco. Interestingly, Abbott (1974) cites a "Melanella gibba De Folin, 1867" as an Atlantic species from "North Carolina and the Gulf of M6xico." Could be, I guess. After all, Shasky (1987) found a Balds (identified by Wardn) that was described from the Bonin Islands, southeast of Japan, living off Cocos Island, Costa Rica. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Again I must express my appreciation to Carol Skoglund for the generous loan of her eulimid material, to David Mulliner for his photographs par excellence and to Carole Hertz for her encouragement and many constructive suggestions. APPENDIX Figures 3 & 4. (3) Eulima healeyi (Strong & Hertlein, 1939). Off mouth of Estero Morua, Puerto Penasco, Sonora, Mexico, dredged in 6-9 m (20-30 ft), at mid-tide on sandy bottom, Oct. 1987, leg. B. Koch. (4) Balds yod (Carpenter, 1857). Isla San Jorge, Sonora, Mexico, in 2-6 m (5-20 ft), from washings off Spondylus calcifer, 23 Oct. 1973, leg. B. Koch. Photos: D.K. Mulliner. A. Papers containing additional described species: BARTSCH, PAUL 1924. New mollusks from Santa Elena Bay, Ecuador. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 66(14): 1-9, pis. 1-2 (Oct. 17). 1926. Additional new mollusks from Santa Elena Bay, Ecuador. Ibid, 69(20): 1-20, pis. 1-3 (Dec. 16). HERTLEIN, L.G. & A.M. STRONG 1951. Eastern Pacific Expeditions of the New York Zoological Society. Mollusks from the west coast of Mexico and Central America. Zoologica 36(10):67- 120, pis. 1-11 (Aug. 20). PILSBRY, H.A. & H.N. LOWE 1932. West Mexican and Central American mollusks collected by H.N. Lowe, 1929-31. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia 84:33444, pis. 1-17, 7 figs. (May 21). STRONG, A.M. & L.G. HERTLEIN 1937. The Templeton Crocker Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences, 1932. No. 25. New species of Recent mollusks from the coast of western North America. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., ser. 4, 22(6): 159-178, pis. 34-35 (Dec. 31). 1939. Marine mollusks from Panama collected by the Allan Hancock Expedition to the Galapagos Islands, 1931-32. Allan Hancock Fdn. Publ. of Univ. S. Calif. 2(12): 177-245, pis. 18-23 (Aug. 21). B. Reports of range extensions: DRAPER, BERTRAM C. 1972. Checklist of shells found in scrapings from Page 100 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 Spondyhis princeps taken at a depth of 40 feet, southeast of Santa Rosalia, Baja California, 1969. Festivus 3(4):5-7 (Apr.). 1975. Checklist of shells collected at Cholla Bay, Sonora, Mexico. Festivus 6(11):67 (Nov.). FINET, YVES 1985. Preliminary faunal list of marine mollusks of the Galapagos Islands. Instit. Roy. Sci. Nat. Belgique. Documents de Travail 20, 50 pp. POORMAN, FORREST L. & LEROY H. POORMAN 1978. Additional molluscan records from Bahia de los Angeles. Baja California Norte. Veliger 20(4):369- 374, 1 map (Apr. 1). 1988. A report of the molluscan species in the San Carlos Rectangle, Sonora, Mexico by Forrest L. and Leroy H. Poorman from December 1953 to December 1983. Festivus 20(6):47-63, 1 map (June 9). LITERATURE CITED ABBOTT, R. TUCKER 1974. American Seashells. 2nd ed.. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, NY, 663 pp., illus. BARTSCH, PAUL 1917. A monograph of west American melanellid mollusks. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 53(2207):295-356, pis. 34-49 (Aug. 13). KEEN, A. MYRA 1971. Sea Shells of Tropical West America. 2nd ed., Stanford Univ. Press, Stanford, CA, 1064-t-pp., illus. SHASKY, DONALD R. 1987. Update on mollusks with Indo-Pacific faunal affinities in the tropieal eastern Pacific - VI. Festivus 19(10): 100, 2 figs. (Oct. 8). WAREN, ANDERS 1983. A generic revision of the family Eulimidae (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia). Jour. Molluscan Studies, Suppl. 13, 96 pp., illus. 1992. Comments on and descriptions of eulimid gastropods from tropical west America. Veliger 35(3): 177-194 (July 1). WAREN, ANDERS & MICHAEL R. CROSSLAND 1991. Revision of Hypertnastiis Pilsbry, 1899 and Turveria Berry, 1956 (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Eulimidae), two genera parasitic on sand dollars. Rec. Australian Mus. 43:85-112, illus. (Mar. 22). A NEW PAPER ON CHITONS Piet Kaas and J0rgen Knudsen (1992 Zoologische Mededelingen 66(3):49-90) have published an important paper for the student of the Polyplacophora. In Lorentz Spengler’s descriptions of chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora), the authors have translated the 1797 work by Lorentz Spengler on the Polyplacophora "Udfdrlig Beskrivelse over det mangeskallede Konkylie-Slaegt, af Linnaeus kaldet Chiton-, med endeel nye Arter og Varieteter" and added annotations on the species. Dr. Knudsen has provided an introduction on Lorentz Spengler and translated the Danish text into English and Dr. Kaas has annotated the descriptions of the available specimens including discussions on their current taxonomic status. This paper has over 27 figures, almost all new photographs of the species and their varieties now in the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen, plus a map and portrait of Lorentz Spengler. Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 101 CALIFORNIA COWRIES (CYPRAEACEA): PAST AND PRESENT, WITH NOTES ON RECENT TROPICAL EASTERN PACIFIC SPECIES LINDSEY T. GROVES Malacology Section, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007 Over the past 100 million years at least 22 species of cowries have inhabited what is now known as California. Ten species are true cowries of the family Cypraeidae, eleven are allied cowries of the family Ovulidae, and one is a member of the family Pediculariidae, which together comprise the superfamily Cypraeacea of Ponder and Wardn (1988). Of these, only one cypraeid, Zonaria (Neobemaya) spadicea (Swainson, 1823), four ovulids, Neosimnia aequalis (Sowerby, 1832), N. bellamaris Berry, 1946, Spiculata barbarensis (Dali in Williamson, 1892), S. loebbeckeana (Weinkauff, 1881), and the pediculariid Pediculariella califomica (Newcomb, 1864) are extant. Table 1 lists all described fossil and Recent cypraeacean species known from California. The earliest known cypraeaceans, Palaeocypraea (Palaeocypraea) tithonica (Stefano, 1882) and Bemaya (Bemaya) gemmellaroi (Stefano, 1882), are from Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) strata near Termini Imerese, Sicily, Italy (Groves, 1990) and are approximately 145 million years old. Cypraeaceans were distributed throughout Europe, North America, Africa, and the Middle East by the end of the Cretaceous. Subsequent major evolutionary radiations of cypraeaceans occurred in the Eocene and the Miocene. Palaeocypraea (Palaeocypraea) fontana (Anderson, 1958) (Figures la, lb) from the Lower Cretaceous (uppermost lower Albian) Budden Canyon Formation, near Texas Springs, Shasta County, northern California is the earliest cypraeid known from California. It is approximately 100 million years old and is also the earliest cypraeid known from the Western Hemisphere (Groves, 1990). The earliest ovulid from the Western Hemisphere is also from California. Eocypraea (Eocypraea) louellae Groves, 1990 (Figures 2a, 2b) from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian) Yolo formation, Thompson Canyon area, Yolo County, northern California, is approximately 90 million years old (Groves, 1990). At least four other cypraeid species are present in California Cretaceous strata (Table 1). During the Paleocene and Eocene, ten species of cypraeaceans, represented by four cypraeids and six ovulids, lived in California. Because Recent cypraeaceans have their greatest abundance and diversity in warm tropical oceans, the relative abundance of cypraeid species in California during the Paleocene and Eocene suggest that tropical to sub-tropical conditions existed in California during these times. Gisortia (Megalocypraea) clarki Ingram, 1940 (Figures 3a, 3b), the largest cypraeid species (126 mm in length) to inhabit California, lived during the early Eocene of south-central California. Oligocene formations of California were not deposited in environments suitable for cypraeaceans. Loel and Corey (1932) listed Cypraea, n. sp. "A" and Cypraea, n. sp. "C" from the Miocene Vaqueros Formation of California. Because these specimens are poorly preserved, genus and species determination may not be possible. An undescribed Miocene cypraeid collected from the Topanga Canyon Formation in the Santa Monica Mountains of Los Angeles County is presently being described (Groves, in prep.). Of the extant California cowries, only Zonaria spadicea, Neosimnia aequalis, Spiculata barbarensis, and Pediculariella califomica have fossil records. The earliest record of Z. spadicea is from the Ltiwer Pliocene part of the Towsley Formation in Elsmere Canyon, Los Angeles County, southern California (Kern, 1973). It has been cited as its junior Page 102 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 Figures 1-3. (1) Palaeocypraea (Palaeocypraea) fontana (Anderson, 1958), holotype CAS 1345.04, from Texas Springs, Shasta County, California [CAS loc. 13451], Lower Cretaceous, xl.8 [la. dorsal, lb. ventral]. (2) Eocypraea (Eocypraea) louellae Groves, 1990, holotype LACMIP 8281, from Thompson Canyon, Yolo County, California [LACMIP loc. 287571], Upper Cretaceous, x3.3 ]2a. dorsal, 2b. ventral] (3) Gisortia (Megalocypraea) clarki Ingram, 1940, holotype, UCMP 14844, from Las Llajas Canyon, Ventura County, California [UCMP loc. 4052], Lower Eocene, xO.46 ]3a. dorsal, 3b. ventral]. synonym Cypraea fernandoensis Arnold, 1907 by numerous authors. Other Pliocene formational records for Z. spadicea include, the Pico Formation (Grant & Gale, 1931; Kew, 1924), the Fernando Formation (Soper & Grant, 1932; Zinsmeister, 1970 [1971]), the Niguel Formation (LACMIP Iocs. 5582 & 11928), and the San Diego Formation (LACMIP Iocs. 305, 305-A, and 305-C). Some Pleistocene formational records for Z. spadicea include the Santa Barbara Formation (Ingram, 1947), the Lomita Marl (Woodring & others, 1946), the Nestor Terrace (Emerson & Addicott, 1953), and numerous other terrace deposits. Neosimnia aequalis has been collected from the Pliocene San Diego Formation in southern San Diego County (LACMIP loc. 305), from the Upper Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 103 Pleistocene Palos Verdes Sand along John S. Gibson Boulevard near San Pedro, Los Angeles County (F.J. Peska, pers. commun., 1992), near Newport Beach, Orange County (Peska, 1976 [as Simnio cf. vidleri]; LACMIP loc. 487), and from the upper Pleistocene Bay Point Formation near Mission Bay, San Diego County (Y.C. Albi, pers. commun., 1991). The San Diego Formation specimens are the earliest representatives of the subfamily Ovulinae in the eastern Pacific region. Spiculata barbarensis has been reported from the Pleistocene Palos Verdes Sand at Playa del Rey (Willett, 1937 [as Simnia (Neosimnia) catalinensis]). The only fossil occurrence of Pediculariella califomica is from the Pleistocene 3rd, 125,000 yr. terrace at Punta Banda, Baja California, Mexico (G.L. Kennedy, pers. commun., 1991; LACMIP loc. 10130). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Special thanks are extended to those who generously contributed their time and interest to my research. LouElla R. Saul and George L. Kennedy (LACMIP) provided access to the invertebrate paleontology collections at LACM. David R. Lindberg (University of California, Berkeley, Museum of Paleontology) Peter U. Rodda and Elizabeth Kools (California Academy of Sciences), William K. Emerson and Walter E. Sage (American Museum of Natural History), and Albert Chadwick (Delaware Museum of Natural History) kindly arranged loans of specimens from their respective institutions. Particular thanks are extended to Donald R. Shasky, Redlands, California and Kirstie L. Kaiser, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, for generously loaning specimens they collected at Isla del Coco. Rosemary Adams, Moreno Valley, California, kindly loaned several representative Recent Panamic specimens. Yvonne C. Albi and Frank J. Peska Jr. provided important locality information of self-collected fossil specimens. Kim C. Hutsell, San Diego, California, shared valuable information concerning his collecting trip to Isla del Coco. James H. McLean (LACM Malacology Section) and George L. Kennedy (LACMIP) critically read the manuscript. APPENDIX During the course of research on the eastern Pacific fossil and Recent cypraeaceans and lamellariaceans, the following geographic and taxonomic refinements came to my attention. Because some of the following species are represented by a single specimen and may not be indicative of a breeding population or may indicate deliberate or accidental contamination, their presence in the eastern Pacific is listed "for the record." Most specimens have been examined by the author. Taxonomic classification follows that of Schilder and Schilder (1971). Superfamily CYPRAEACEA Family CYPRAEIDAE Macrocypraea cervinetta (Kiener, 1843) A juvenile specimen of M cervinetta collected by H.G. Kuck and R.W. Peck of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Invertebrate Zoology Section (LACM 88-8.3) extends the range of this Panamic species to Isla del Coco. LACM 88-8 is a Porites reef on the east side of Isla Manuelita, off the north side of Isla del Coco at a depth of 5-12 m (16-39 ft). Fragments of a sub- adult specimen also were collected by K.L. Kaiser at Punta Presidio, Isla del Coco on 12 February 1991 in rocks and muddy sand at a depth of 15-18 m (50-60 ft). Mouritia maculifera Schilder, 1932 Hertlein and Allison (1960) reported this Indo- Pacific species from Clipperton Island. Two beachworn specimens (American Museum of Natural History, AMNH 204575) from Clipperton Island collected by the late Conrad Limbaugh are undoubtedly M maculifera. Cate (1969:111, pi. 11, fig. 2) figured another specimen (AMNH 204575a) from Clipperton Island as Mauritia (Arabica) maculifera. This species was not included in the eastern Pacific records cited by Burgess (1985). Other eastern Pacific references to this species include: Sachet (1962), Salvat & Erhardt (1970), Keen (1971), Emerson (1978), Camera (1991), and Emerson (1991). Lyncina schilderorum (Iredale, 1930) Hertlein and Allison (1960) reported beachworn specimens (AMNH 204579) of the Indo-Pacific Page 104 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 species Lyncina schilderorum [=L. arenosa (Gray, 1824), not Dillwyn 1823] collected by Gonrad Limbaugh from Clipperton Island. The figured specimen (AMNH 204579a) of Cate (1969:112, pi. 11, fig. 6) is also from Clipperton Island. Burgess (1985) did not cite L. schilderorum as an eastern Pacific species. Other eastern Pacific references to this species include: Sachet (1962) [as Cypraea arenosa], Salvat & Erhardt (1970) [as C. arenosa], Keen (1971), Emerson (1978) [as C. arenosa], Kay (1979), Camera (1991), and Emerson (1991). Lyncina vitellus (Linn6, 1758) A single beachworn specimen (AMNH 204578) of the Indo-Pacific species L. vitellus (Linn6, 1758) was reported from Clipperton Island by Hertlein and Allison (1960). Cate (1969:112, pp. 11, fig. 5) figured the same specimen as L. vitellus polynesiae Schilder & Schilder, 1939. The Clipperton Island range of this species was excluded from the eastern Pacific by Burgess (1985). Other eastern Pacific references for this species include: Sachet (1962) [as cf. C. vitellus]. Keen (1971), Emerson (1978), Kay (1979); Camera (1991), and Emerson (1991). Zonaria (Pseudozonaria) roberti (Hidalgo, 1906) A fragment of outer lip of Zonaria (Pseudozonaria) roberti (Hidalgo, 1906) was collected by D. R. Shasky in 30 m (100 ft) off Bahia Chatham, Isla del Coco in May 1986. This is the first record of this Panamic species from Isla del Coco. Erronea caurica (Linn6, 1758) A single beachworn specimen (AMNH 242834) of the Indo-Pacific species Erronea caurica (Linn6, 1758) was collected by Helen DuShane at Rancho Eureka, Punta Arena, Baja California Sur, Mexico (ca. 23°36’N, 109°36’W). Cate (1969:104, pi. 14, fig. 23) figured this specimen as Erronea c. caurica. This is the only specimen of E. caurica thus far recorded from the eastern Pacific, and was not included by Burgess (1985) as an eastern Pacific species. Blasicrura "teres” species complex Blasicrura alisonae (Burgess, 1983) and B. teres (Gmelin, 1791), well documented from the eastern Pacific, and B. rashleighana (Melvill, 1888), doubtfully known from outside of the central Pacific, comprise the B. "teres” species complex in the eastern Pacific. Blasicrura alisonae (Burgess, 1983) A specimen labeled as Cypraea rashleighana in the California Academy of Sciences collection (CAS 23077.01) cited by Ingram (1945) from Isla del Coco is actually a beachworn Blasicrura alisonae. Most citations of B. teres pellucens (Melvill, 1888) and B. rashleighana from the eastern Pacific will probably prove to be B. alisonae. Two beachworn specimens (AMNH 80415) from Clipperton Island labeled as Cypraea teres are probably Blasicrura alisonae. Blasicrura rashleighana (Melvill, 1888) It is doubtful that breeding populations of B. rashleighana exist outside of the Hawaiian Islands (Burgess, 1985). Two specimens (AMNH 204595) from Clipperton Island figured by Cate (1969:116, pi. 13, fig. 17) as Bistolida r. rashleighana are most likely subadult specimens of B. alisonae. Blasicrura teres (Gmelin, 1791) Populations of true B. teres in the eastern Pacific are best known from Panama (e.g., AMNH 183217, 203809, 203810, 203812, 208751, 208752, 208753, 202836 [labeled Cypraea alisonae], 219982, and 242835 [labeled C. alisonae]; LACM 34-121.2 and LACM 35-88.3). Beachworn specimens are confirmed from Clipperton Island (AMNH 80415, 204595, and 204595a; and CAS 081109 and 08110, both figured by Hertlein & Emerson, 1953: pi. 27, figs. 8, 11, 14-15). Blasicrura teres is documented from Islas GaHpagos (AMNH 110483 and 216763) and reported by Kay (1991). Erosaria (Erosaria) helvola (Linn6, 1758) Hertlein and Allison (1960) reported E. helvola (Linnd, 1758) from Clipperton Island. Ten beachworn specimens (AMNH 204597) collected by E. C. Allison are labeled Cypraea helvola hawaiiensis Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 105 Melvill, 1888. A glossy specimen (AMNH 204597a) also from Clipperton Island was figured by Cate (1969:117, pi. 14, fig. 20) as E. helvola hawaiiensis. This Indo-Pacific species was not included in the eastern Pacific records cited by Burgess (1985). Other eastern Pacific references for this species include: Sachet (1962), Salvat & Erhardt (1970), Keen (1971), Emerson (1978) [as C. helvola hawaiiensis]. Camera (1991), and Emerson (1991). Erosaria (Erosaria) spurca aciciilaris (Gmelin, 1791) A single dead specimen of this Caribbean subspecies was collected on 6 April 1992 by James Novelly at Bahia Wafer, Isla del Coco on coarse sand at 15-18 m (50-60 ft). This specimen is in the collection of Kim C. Hutsell of San Diego, California. Erosaria (Ravitrona) caputserpentis (Linn6, 1758) Tomlin (1927) and Lowe (1933) reported that this species had been dredged alive off Isla Coiba, Veraguas Prov., Panama during the 1924 St. George Expedition. Subsequent authors of the family Cypraeidae have obviously overlooked this important range extension. Staphylaea staphylaea (Linnd, 1758) A single beachworn specimen (AMNH 242833) of the Indo-Pacific species Staphylaea staphylaea was collected by Helen DuShane at Los Chilenos, Baja California Sur, Mexico (ca. 22°58’N, 109°48’W). Cate (1969:104, pi. 14, fig. 24) figured this specimen as Staphlaea s. staphylaea, which is the only specimen of S. staphylaea thus far recorded from the eastern Pacific. This species was not included in the eastern Pacific records cited by Burgess (1985). Family OVULIDAE The following Californian and/or Panamic ovulid species are documented from Isla del Coco for the first time. Cypropterina (Jenneria) pustulata ([Lightfoot, 1786] ex Solander MS) An outer lip fragment was collected by K. L. Kaiser on 26 April 1987, at Bajo Alcyone, Isla del Coco from barnacle shakings in 34 m (110 ft). Neosimnia aequalis (Sowerby, 1832) K. L. Kaiser collected seven specimens on 25 May 1985 at Roca Sucia, Isla del Coco attached to gorgonians in 34 m (110 ft), and four specimens on 11 February 1991 at Dos Amigos, Isla del Coco attached to gorgonians in 37 m (120 ft). Eight specimens were collected by D. R. Shasky on 27 May 1985 at Bahia Iglesias, Isla del Coco, attached to gorgonians in 24 m (80 ft). Neosimnia avena (Sowerby, 1832) Four specimens were colleeted by K. L. Kaiser on 24 April 1986 at Victorias Mount, Isla del Coco attached to gorgonians in 27 m (90 ft), and four additional specimens were collected by D. R. Shasky between 23 and 26 April 1986 at Roca Sucia, Isla del Coco attached to gorgonians in 18-24 m (60- 80 ft). Phenacovolva lenoreae Cardin & Walls, 1980 A single juvenile specimen was collected by D. R. Shasky in March 1984 at Roca Sucia, Isla del Coco in 18-34 m (60-110 ft). A specimen (AMNH 198612) figured by Bertsch and Bibbey (1982:44, figs. 7-8) as Phenacovolva brevirostris (Schumacher, 1817) from Los Zurrones, Veraguas Prov., Panama was compared to the holotype of P. lenoreae Cardin & Walls, 1980 and has been reassigned to P. lenoreae. Superfamily LAMELLARIACEA Family TRIVIIDAE The following Panamic species in this section are documented from Isla del Coco for the first time. Hespererato oligostata (Dali, 1902) Four specimens were collected by D. R. Shasky on 5 March 1984 at Bahia Wafer, Isla del Coco in 61 m (200 ft). Niveria atomaria (Dali, 1902) A single dead specimen was collected by D. R. Shasky on 21 March 1989 at Isla Manuelita under dead coral in 21 m (69 ft). Page 106 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 TABLE 1. DESCRIBED FOSSIL AND RECENT CYPRAEACEANS OF CALIFORNIA CRETACEOUS Cypraeidae Palaeocypraea (Palaeocypraea) fontana (Anderson, 1958) Bemaya (Protocypraea) berryessae (Anderson, 1958) Bemaya (Protocypraea) gualalaensis (Anderson, 1958) Bemaya (Protocypraea) rineyi Groves, 1990 Bemaya (Bemaya) crawfordcatei Groves, 1990 Ovulidae Eocypraea (Eocypraea) louellae Groves, 1990 PALEOGENE Cypraeidae Propustularia kemperae (Nelson, 1925) Propustularia simiensis (Nelson, 1925) Ovulidae Eocypraea (Eocypraea) novasumma (Nelson, 1925) Sphaerocypraea martini (Dickerson, 1914) EOCENE Cypraeidae Bemaya (Bemaya) fresnoensis (Anderson, 1905) Gisortia (Megalocypraea) clarki Ingram, 1940 Ovulidae Eocypraea (Eocypraea) bayerquei (Gabb, 1864) Eocypraea (Eocypraea) castacensis (Stewart, 1927) Eocypraea (Eocypraea) maniobraensis Squires & Advocate, 1987 Sukocypraea mathewsonii (Gabb, 1869) OLIGOCENE and MIOCENE No species yet described PLIOCENE Cypraeidae Zonaria (Neobemaya) spadicea (Swainson, 1823) Ovulidae Neosimnia aequalis (Sowerby, 1832) PLEISTOCENE+ and RECENT* Cypraeidae Zonaria (Neobemaya) spadicea (Swainson, 1823)+* Ovulidae Neosimnia aequalis (Sowerby, 1832) + * Neosimnia bellamaris Berry, 1946* Spiculata barbarensis (Dali in Williamson, 1892) + * Spiculata loebbeckeana (Weinkauff, 1881)* Pediculariidae Pedicidariella califomica (Newcomb, 1864) + * LITERATURE CITED BERTSCH, H. & L.J. BIBBEY 1982. A new tropical eastern Pacific Ovulidae (Gastropoda): Xandaronda hammesi. The Nautilus 96(2):42-45, 8 figs. (April 21). BURGESS, CM. 1985. Cowries of the World. Seacomber Publications, Cape Town, South Africa, xiv +289 pp., numerous unnumbered figs., 44 pis. CANTERA K., J.R. 1991. First record of the Indo-Pacific gastropod Cypraea caputserpentis (Linnaeus, 1758) at Isla de Gorgona, Colombia. The Veliger 34(l):85-87, 1 fig. (January 2). CATE, C.N. 1969. The eastern Pacific cowries. The Veliger 12( 1):103- 119, pis. 11-15 (July 1). EMERSON, W.K. 1978. Mollusks with Indo-Pacific affinities in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The Nautilus 92(2):91-96 (April 27). 1991. First records for Cymatium mundum (Gould) in the eastern Pacific Ocean, with comments on the zoogeography of the tropical trans-Pacific tonnacean and non-tonnacean prosobranch gastropods with Indo-Pacific affinities in west American waters. The Nautilus 105(2):62-80, 24 figs. (April 10). EMERSON, W.K. & W.O. ADDICOTT 1953. A Pleistocene invertebrate fauna from the southwest corner of San Diego County, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History ll(17):429-444 (November 10). GRANT, U.S., IV &. R. GALE 1931. Catalogue of the marine Pliocene and Pleistocene Mollusca of California and adjacent regions. Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History 1:1-1036, 15 figs., 32 pis. (November 3) (reprinted, 1958). GROVES, L.T. 1990. New species of late ' Cretaceous Cypraeacea (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from California and Mississippi, and a review of Cretaceous cypraeaceans of North America. The Veliger 33(3):272-285, 34 figs. (July 2). HERTLEIN, L.G. & E.C. ALLISON 1960. Species of the genus Cypraea from Clipperton Island. The Veliger 2(4):94-95, 2 figs. (April 1.). HERTLEIN, L.G. & W.K. EMERSON 1953. Mollusks from Clipperton Island (eastern Pacific) with the description of a new species of gastropod. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History ll(13):345-364, pi. 27 (July 22). INGRAM, W.M. 1945. An extension of the range of Cypraea rashleighana Melvill. The Nautilus 58(3): 106-107 (January). Vol. XXIV(9): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 107 1947. Check list of the Cypraeidae occurring in the Western Hemisphere. Bulletins of American Paleontology 31(122):141-161 (May 23). KAY, E.A. 1979. Hawaiian Marine Shells: Reef and Shore Fauna of Hawaii, Section 4: Mollusca. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Special Publication 64(4): xviii + 6.S3 pp., frontis. + 195 figs. 1991. The marine mollusks of the Galdpagos: Determinants of insular marine fauna, in James, M.J. ed., Galdpagos Marine Invertebrates. Plenum Press, chapter 11, pp. 235-252. KEEN, A M. 1971. Sea Shells of Tropical West America (second edition). Stanford University Press, xiv + 1064 pp., numerous figs., 22 pis. (September 1). KERN, J.P. 1973. Early Pliocene marine climate and environment of the eastern Ventura Basin, southern California. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 96:viii -l- 1-117, 27 figs. (March 30). KEW, W.S.W. 1924. Geology and oil resources of a part of Los Angeles and Ventura counties, California. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 753:1-202, 7 figs., 17 pis. LOEL, W. & W.H. COREY 1932. The Vaqueros Formation, Lower Miocene of California; 1, Paleontology. University of California Publications. Bulletin of the Department of Geological Sciences 22(3):31-410, pis. 4-65 (December 31). LOWE, H.N. 1933. The cruise of the Petrel. The Nautilus 46(4): 109- 115 (April). PESKA, F.J. 1976. Late Pleistocene fossils from upper Newport Bay, California. Bulletin of the Southern California Paleontological Society 8(2): 15-21, 2 figs. (February). PONDER, W.F. & A. WAREN 1988. Classification of the Caenogastropoda and Heterostropha-A list of the family-group names and higher taxa, in Ponder, W.F. (ed), Prosobranch phylogeny. Malacological Review, supplement 4:288-326. SACHET, M.H. 1962. Monographie physique et biologique de file Clipperton. Annales de I’lnstitut Ocdanographique 40(1): 1-107, 3 figs., 12 pis. (June 22). SAL VAT, B. & J.P. EHRHARDT 1970. Mollusques de file Clipperton. Bulletin du Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 2nd sereies 42(1):223-231. SCHILDER, M & F.A. SCHILDER 1971. A catalogue of living and fossil cowries. Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, M6moire 85, 246 pp. (August 31). SOPER, E.K. & U.S. GRANT, IV 1932. Geology and paleontology of a portion of Los Angeles, California. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 43:11041-1068, 7 figs. (December 30). TOMLIN, J.R. LE B. 1927. The Mollusca of the St. George Expedition. Journal of Conchology 18(6):153-170 (December). WILLETT, G. 1937. An Upper Pleistocene fauna from the Baldwin Hills, Los Angeles, California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 8(30):379- 406, pis. 25-26 (December 15). WOODRING, W.P., M.N. BRAMLETTE, & W.S.W. KEW 1946. Geology and paleontology of Palos Verdes Hills, California. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 207, 145 pp., 16 figs., 37 pis. ZINSMEISTER, W.J. 1970 [1971]. A late Pliocene macrofossil fauna of Newport Beach, Orange County, California. Bulletin of the southern California Academy of Sciences 69(3-4): 121-125 (October-December). jV ’.'■ :' 1- , , I ' .'I ' ' fc.. .vj I ' ?!) THE SEPTEMBER PARTY - A MEXICAN FIESTA Saturday, September 19th 6 P.M. -? From 5 take 52 east to Genessee Ave. south. From 15 or 805 take 52 west to Genessee Ave. south. Go to light at top of the hill (Appleton St.). Go right on Appleton to first stop sign on Cole St. Go right on Cole St. It’s the 3rd house on the left. Look for an anchor in the front yard. REMEMBER: Wear your fiesta finery, bring your potluck contribution, serving and eating utensils. If possible, bring folding chairs. Come and have a fantastic time! 1. ,/ t ,7- - M/i 0 ■r ( i Xv -f - 1; ■ ' Ib^ VSi,; 4k ,• X- i c 'Vt i ( w~ “■ t- ' .‘m ‘ }i k \'. «?T01 < \.mo^ ,^J •..-' (;. '. j •■'i>-.V ..■: tOk^'-'iO I.L j" ' n j ’ ■ , ; .•_.:r. "..'>, jl ," t ■■ -•■ c|f'^ !{%H '.-'O ;V. ’.'!tO f^'.- j!-i "!:>'!■■ 02 -(!n:j '.UjqA 4^C> oU vfii kU> ■ .. t,d; . j.t .Jif- ^To") lu iff^h !jO .t,sni 5/H'm afe lO aJtifk-i ..'.ids.i *\ ‘ .•■TCtr l.^W -l:> ^j\ g'U-^ ,3.ldl2COl i, •;. ■h^DinX 4 ^iVr.y», i .bfic oti H u«;ilaU3ia • X- ISSN 0738-9388 4ITHE FESTIVUS publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV October 8, 1992 Number; 10 CLUB OmCERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) Treasurer Past President Jules Hertz Terry Arnold Richard Negus Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Larry Buck CLUB STAFF Historian Librarian FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Business Manager Photographer Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz Jules Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Membership (includes family): $12.00; Overseas (surface mail); $15.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENTinC REVIEW BOARD R. Tucker Abbott American Malacologists Henry W. Chaney Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural History Terrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Paul Scott Santa Barbara Museum of NaUiral History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date: third Tliursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM Horrors in the Conchological Cabinet Dr. Henry Chaney of the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History will give an illustrated program on curatorial disasters. During this lighthearted program he will discuss ways you can serve a collection and examples will be shown of the results of great mistakes. Meeting date; October 15, 1992 CONTENTS Club news 109 Additions to D’Attilio & Hertz (1988) "Am Illustrated Catalogue of the Family Typhidae Cossmann, 1903" CAROLE M. HERTZ 110 Am El Nino update 112 Notes on ”Distorsio” pusilla Pease, 1861 (Tonnacea: Personidae) DONALD R. SHASKY 113 San Diego Shell Club’s "Marine Field Study" project 115 Page 109 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(IO): 1992 CLUB NEWS Additions to the Roster New Members Bieler, Rudiger, Field Museum of Natural History, Roosevelt Drive at Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605. (312) 922-9410, ext 270. Levin, Debra, 600 Central Ave., #268, Riverside, CA 92507. (714) 369-1456. Thomas, Shirley and Steve, 598 Pineridge Ct., Bonita, CA 91902. (619) 482-7214. Change of Address Rentz, Mary & John, 4541 Lambeth Court, Carlsbad, CA 92008-6407. (619) 434-2522. The September Party - A Mexican Fiesta They did it again! The Club’s Mexican Fiesta on the evening of Saturday, September 19th was fant^stico. Hosts Debbie and Larry Catarius more than duplicated the success of last year’s fall party, also held at their home. About 40 members and guests attended and enjoyed the decorated garden (complete with mermaid pinata), Mexican food entrees (with marvelous cerviche appetizer), and comraderie. Even members not often seen at regular meetings because they live at some distance attended. The abundant food and drink and the fun of socializing with good friends in delightful surroundings made this a special evening. Our thanks to Debbie and Larry for hosting the party. The Club Christmas Dinner Party The Club Christmas party will be held on Saturday evening December 5th at the Shanghai Restaurant at Quivira Basin in San Diego. Mark your calendars and join the Club for this end-of- the-season event. Club Liaison to Hubbs Research Institute Elected The Club, for the past year, has been discussing with Hubbs Research Institute the potential for conducting programs of mutual interest. To facilitate future contacts with Hubbs, the board of the San Diego Shell Club has elected Larry Buck to act as the Club’s permanent official representative in these discussions. Available Issues and Supplements of The Festivus Supplements 1991 Additions to the Panamic Province Bivalve (Molluscal Literature 1971 to 1990, by Carol Skoglund, (22:i-v+74 pp.) $11. postpaid domestic, $12. overseas surface, $15. overseas airmail. 1990 Additions to the Panamic Province Opisthobranch (Mollusca) Literature 1971 to 1990, by Carol Skoglund (22:i-iii-l-27 pp.) $6. postpaid domestic, $7. overseas surface, $12. overseas airmail. 1988 An Illustrated Catalogue of the Family Typhidae Cossmann, 1903, by D’Attilio & Hertz, (20:73 pp., 109 figs) $11. postpaid domestic, $12. overseas surface, $15.50 overseas airmail. 1986 A Faunal Study of the Bivalves of San Felipe and Environs, Gulf of California from the Gemmell Collection (1965 to 19761 by Gemmell, Myers & Hertz (18:72 pp., 78 figs) $9. postpaid domestic, $10. overseas surface, $15.50 overseas airmail. 1983 Illustration of the types named by S. Stillman Berry in his "Leaflets in Malacology" by Carole M. Hertz (15:42 pp., 92 photos) $6.50 postpaid domestic, $7.50 overseas surface, $12. overseas airmail. Yearly Volumes 1980 - 1992 @ $12.00 per volume plus postage. 1970-1979 @ $10 per volume plus postage. Some volumes available only partially xeroxed (1970-1973 all xeroxed). Vol. XXIV(IO): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 110 ADDITIONS TO D’ATTILIO & HERTZ (1988) "AN ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF THE FAMILY TYPHIDAE COSSMANN, 1903" CAROLE M. HERTZ Department of Marine Invertebrates, San Diego Natural History Museum, P.O. Box 1390, San Diego, California 92112 Since D’Attilio & Hertz (1988) published "An Illustrated Catalogue of the Family Typhidae Cossmann, 1903" in The Festivus [vol. 20 (suppl.):l- 73, figs. 1-109] in which they listed all the nominal genera and species known to them, twelve Recent and two fossil typhid species have been described; three fossil species originally described as Pterochelus have been reassigned to Pterotyphis (Prototyphis), and one species described as Murex (Alipurpura) has been reassigned to Ponderia. One Lower Eocene species, Typhis ventricosior Cossmann in O’Gorman, 1923, inadvertently omitted from the "Catalogue" is added. Below, arranged alphabetically by species, with asterisks denoting fossils, are the species to be added to the "Catalogue." The additions follow the format in D’Attilio & Hertz (1988) i.e.: each species listed with its original orthography and citation, the page and figure appearing in parentheses. Type localities are given for Recent species and ages and localities for the fossils. No synonymies are included but current generic assignments are listed where they differ from the original orthography. *allani Maxwell, 1971. Pterochelus Maxwell, Phillip A. 1971. Notes on some Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from New Zealand, with a review of the genus Poirierio Jousseaume, 1880. N.Z. Jour. Geol. & Geophys. 14(4):757-781, figs. 1-32 (p. 761, fig. 5, 14). Lower Miocene; Bluecliffs, Otaio River, South Canterbury, New Zealand Pterotyphis (Prototyphis) [Transferred from Pterochelus by Beu & Maxwell, 1990. Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand. N.Z. Geol. Surv. Paleontol. Bull. 58:1-518 (p. 430)]. angustus Houart, 1991. Siphonochelus (Siphonochelus) Houart, Roland. 1991. Mollusca Gastropoda; The Typhinae (Muricidae) from the New Caledonian region with description of five new species. In A. Crosnier & P. Bouchet (eds), Rdsultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 7. M6m. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat. (A), 150:223-241, figs. 1-76 (p. 230, figs. 15-16, 43, 65). Recent; Chesterfield Islands, Coral Sea *opheles Yokes, 1989. Siphonochelus (Laevityphis) Yokes, Emily H. 1989. Neogene Paleontology in the northern Dominican Republic 8. the family Muricidae (Mollusca; Gastropoda). Bull. Amer. Paleo. 97(332);5-94, text figs. 1-21, pis. 1-12 (pp. 80-81, pi. 9, fig. 8). Lower Miocene: Baitoa Formation, Dominican Republic *awamoanus Finlay, 1930. Pteronotus (Pterochelus) Finlay, H.J. 1930. New shells from New Zealand Tertiary beds. Part 3. Trans. N.Z. Inst. 61:49-84, pis. 1-6 (p. 77, pi. 1, fig. 9). Lower Miocene: Oamaru, New Zealand Pterotyphis (Prototyphis) [Transferred from Pteronotus (Pterochelus) by Beu & Maxwell, 1990. Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand. N.Z. Geol. Surv. Paleontol. Bull 58:1-518 (p. 430)[. boucheti Houart, 1991. Siphonochelus (Siphonochelus) Houart, Roland. 1991. Mollusca Gastropoda: The Typhinae (Muricidae) from the New Caledonian Page 111 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(IO): 1992 region with description of five new species. In: A. Crosnier & P. Bouchet (eds), Rdsultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 7. M6m. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat., (a), 150:223-241, figs. 1-76 (figs. 5-6, 47, 68). Recent: New Caledonia caledonica Houart, 1988. Ponderia Houart, Roland. 1988. Description of seven new species of Muricidae (Neogastropoda) from the south-western Pacific Ocean. Venus 47(3):185- 196, figs. 1-21 (pp. 191-192, figs. 9-10, 19). Recent: New Caledonia *daguini Magne, 1941. Murex (Alipurpura) [new name for M. trigonus "Rouault" of Cossmann, 1923, not of Rouault, 1850] Magne, Andrd. 1941. J. de Conchyl. 84:370-376, pi. 2, figs. 1-4 (370-371). Lower Eocene: Gan, (Bassin d’Aquitaine) France Ponderia [Transferred from Murex (Alipurpura) by Didier, Merle. 1989. R6vision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d’Arros (Bassin d’Aquitaine, France). Bull. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat., 4 ser., 11, sect. C, no. 3:145-185 (pp. 161-163, pi. 3, figs. 3-4, pi. 4, fig. 5)]. elephantina Houart, 1990. Ponderia Houart, Roland. 1990. Four new species of Muricidae from New Caledonia. Venus 49(3):205- 214, figs. 1-25 (p. 210, figs. 14, 15, 21, 22). Recent: New Caledonia insolitus Houart, 1991. Typhis (Typhinellus) Houart, Roland. 1991. Description of thirteen new species of Muricidae (Gastropoda) from Australia and the New Caledonian region, with range extensions to South Africa. J. Malac. Soc. Aust. 12:35-55 (p. 49, figs. 22-24). Recent: New Caledonia lozoueti Houart, 1991. Siphonochehis (Siphonochehis) Houart, Roland. 1991. Description of thirteen new species of Muricidae (Gastropoda) from Australia and the New Caledonian region, with range extensions to South Africa. Malac. Soc. Aust. 12:35-55 (p. 51, figs. 25-27). Recent: New Caledonia magna Houart, 1988. Ponderia Houart, Roland. 1988. Description of seven new species of Muricidae (Neogastropoda) from the south-western Pacific Ocean. Venus 47(3): 185- 196, figs 1-21 (pp. 192-194, figs. 11, 12, 20). Recent: Chesterfield Reefs, Coral Sea saltantis Houart, 1991. Siphonochehis (Siphonochelus) Houart, Roland. 1991. Mollusca Gastropoda: the Typhinae (Muricidae) from the New Caledonian region with description of five new species. In: A. Crosnier & P. Bouchet (eds), Rdsultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 7. M6m. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat., (A), 150:223-241 (pp. 232-233, figs. 7- 9, 19-20, 46, 70). Recent: Coral Sea (Nova Seamount) *spinirectus Vokes, 1989. Siphonochehis (Laevityphis) Vokes, Emily H. 1989. Neogene Paleontology in the northern Dominican Republic 8. the family Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Bull. Amer. Paleo. 97(332):5-94, text figs. 1-21, pis. 1-12 (p. 81, pi. 9, fig. 9 a-b). Early Pliocene: Gurabo Formation, Dominican Republic *tahuensis Maxwell, 1971. Pterochelus Maxwell, Phillip A. 1971. Notes on some Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from New Zealand, with a review of the genus Poirieria Jousseaume, 1880. N.Z. Jour. Geol. & Geophys. 14(4):757-681, figs. 1-32 (pp. 759-761, fig. 4). Upper Eocene: Waihao Greensands, South Canterbury, New Zealand Prototyphis [Transferred to Pterotyphis (Prototyphis) by Beu & Maxwell 1990. Cenozoic Mollusca of New Zealand. N.Z. Geol. Surv. Paleontol. Bull. 58:1-518 (p. 430)]. trispinosus Houart, 1991. Typhis (Hirtotyphis) Houart, 1991. Description of thirteen new species of Muricidae (Gastropoda) from Australia and the New Caledonian region, with range extensions to South Africa. J. Malac. Soc. Aust. 12:35-55 (pp. 45, 49, figs. 19-21, 52). Recent: Queensland, Australia undulatiis Houart, 1991. Siphonochelus (?Siphonochehis) Vol. XXIV(IO): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 112 Houart, Roland. 1991. Mollusca Gastropoda: the Typhinae (Muricidae) from the New Caledonian region with description of five new species. In A. Crosnier & P. Bouchet (eds), R6sultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 7. M6m. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat., (A), 150:223-241, figs.1-76 (pp. 233- 234, figs. 24-25, 49, 69). Recent: New Caledonia unicornis Houart, 1991. Siphonochelus (Siphonochetus) Houart, Roland. 1991. Mollusca Gastropoda: the Typhinae (Muricidae) from the New Caledonian region with description of five new species. In A. Crosnier & P. Bouchet (eds), R6sultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 7. M6m. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat., (A),150:223-241, figs. 1-76 (p. 233, figs. 21-23, 48, 67). Recent: New Caledonia *ventricosior Cossmann in O’Gorman, 1923. Typhis Cossmann, Alexandre E.M. in G. O’Gorman. 1923. Le Gisement Cuisien de Gan B. Pyrenees. Description des mollusques. (p. 96, pi. 6, figs 26- 27). [as Typhis (s.s.) tubifer ventricosior Cossmann in O’Gorman, 1923.] [Merle, 1989. Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d’Arros (Bassin d’Aquitaine, France). Bull. Mus. Natn. Hist. Nat., 4 sen, 11, sect. C, no. 3:245-185 (pp. 168-169, pi. 3, fig. 11; pi. 4, fig. 11)]. Lx)wer Eocene: Gan, France westaustralis Houart, 1991. Typhis (Typhis) Houart, Roland. 1991. Description of thirteen new species of Muricidae (Gastropoda) from Australia and the New Caledonian region, with range extensions to South Africa. J. Malac. Soc. Aust. 12:35-55 (pp. 44-45, figs. 16-18, 53). Recent: Western Australia AN EL NINO UPDATE The Summer 1992 Sea Grant Extension Program Newsletter of the University of California Cooperative Extension carried a note on El Nino from the El Nino Watch-Advisory stating that the El Nino condition is weakening. The National Marine Fisheries Service noted that though water temperatures remained 2-5°F above normal in June, these temperatures were 1-3°F closer to normal than during May. Oceanographers attribute this change to a weakening of El Nino in the tropical Pacific and predict that warm water conditions will continue through the summer and fall with local wind conditions likely to affect the magnitude of the warm water conditions. According to their information, the strongest effects of El Nino were felt from San Diego to Morro Bay during June with temperatures 4-5°F above normal. Page 113 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(IO): 1992 NOTES ON "DISTORSIO'^ PUSILLA PEASE, 1861 (TONNACEA: PERSONIDAE) DONALD R. SHASKY 834 W. Highland Avenue, Redlands, California 92373 In recent years "Distorsio” pusilla Pease, 1861, has become somewhat of a molluscan refugee (Figures 1-4). The first indication of this was in 1985 when Beu transferred this species to the genus Personella Conrad, 1865. This placement was "semi- accepted" by Springsteen & Leobrera (1986) when they referred to it as Distorsio (Personella) pusilla. In 1988 Beu tentatively placed it in his new genus Personopsis. Because of several differences between P. pusilla and other species he included in Personopsis, he suggested that, "Another new genus might be necessary for this distinctive species." In her book, Hawaiian Marine Shells, Dr. Alison Kay in her discussion of Distorsio pusilla Pease, 1861, stated that "this cymatiid is rarely found, known only from occasional beachworn shells and an occasional specimen found at depths of more than 30 m." Figures 1 & 2. Personopsis pusilla (Pease, 1861). Length: 7.9 mm. North side of Sipidan Island, Sabah, Malaysia in 25-107 ft under coral, June 11-16, 1990. Leg. D.R. Shasky. (1) apertural view (2) dorsal view. Photos: David K. Mulliner. Vol. XXIV(IO): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 114 Figures 3 & 4. Personopsis piisilla. Length 7.1 mm. Off Ewa Beach Park, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands in 45 ft on coral, November 2, 1989. Leg. D.R. Shasky. (3) apertural view (4) dorsal view. Photos; David K. Mulliner. While diving, almost every stone or piece of coral I examine gets shaken into my collecting bag. From this shaking, I wish to report five live- collected specimens of D. pusilla from localities 1- 5 listed below. Also listed (6-13) are specimens cited in the recent literature and those in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History. 1. Puako Bay, Hawaii, Hawaiian Islands., 35-85 ft on coral. Sept. 30, 1986. One specimen, 9.7 mm L, 5.0 mm D. 2. Off Ewa Beach Park, Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, 45 ft, on coral, Nov. 2, 1989. One specimen, 7.1 mm L, 3.7 mm D (Figures 3 & 4). 3. North side of Sipidan Island, Sabah, Malaysia, 25-107 ft, on coral, June 11-16, 1990. One specimen, 7.9 mm L, 3.7 mm D (Figures 1 & 2). 4 & 5. Ine Island, Arno Atoll, Marshall Islands, 50- 104 ft, on coral, May 9, 1991. Two specimens, 7.3 mm L x 3.9 mm D, and 7.0 mm L x 3.0 mm D. 6. Guam (Cernohorsky, 1975). 7. Cebu, Philippine Islands (Abs-84-360) (Beu, 1985). 8. Punta Engano, Cebu, Camotes Sea, Philippine Islands (Springsteen & Leobrera, 1986). 9. Amai Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Japan, to New Caledonia (Beu, 1988). 10. 55-75 feet, Orote Point, Guam (AMNH 203676). 11. Tahiti, 5-10 m (AMNH 237985). 12. Maui, Hawaii (AMNH 214713). 13. Sand Island, Oahu, Hawaii (AMNH 241909). I suspect that when collectors around the Indo- Pacific begin to shake corals and stones, we will find that this species has a much greater range than is now known. Page 115 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(IO): 1992 I wish to thank William K. Emerson and Walter Sage of the American Museum of Natural History for four of the citations used in this paper, as well as information on the specimens in the AMNH. I also wish to thank David K. Mulliner for the photographs. LITERATURE CITED BEU, A.G. 1985. A classification and catalogue of living world Ranellidae (=Cymatiidae) and Bursidae. Conchologists of America Bulletin 13(4):55-66. 1988. Taxonomy of gastropods of the families Ranellidae (=Cymatiidae) and Bursidae. Part 5. Early history of the families, with four new genera and recognition of the family Personidae. In J. Grant- Mackie, A.K. Matsuda, K. Mouri & K. Ogasawara (eds.), Saito Ho-on Kai Spec. Pub. (Prof. T. Kotaka Commemorative Volume) pp. 69-96. CERNOHORSKY, W.O. 1975. The taxonomy of some Indo-Pacific Mollusca. Part 3. With description of new taxa and remarks on Ecuadorian fossil species of Turridae. Rec. Auckland Inst. & Mus. 12:213-214. KAY, E.A. 1979. Hawaiian Marine Shells. Reef and Shore Fauna of Hawaii. Sect. 4: Mollusca. Bishop Mus. Press, Honolulu, HI, xviii -1-652 pp. PEASE, W.H. 1861. Descriptions of seventeen new species of marine shells from the Sandwich Islands, in the collections of Hugh Cuming. Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 431-438. SPRINGSTEEN, F.J. & F.M. LEOBRERA 1986. Shells of the Philippines. Carfel Seashell Museum. 377 pp. THE SAN DIEGO SHELL CLUB’S "MARINE FIELD STUDY" PROJECT As announced in the January 1992 issue of The Festivus, the Club has embarked on a Marine Field Study project designed to encourage the collector and observer to record their findings in the field for the use of future workers. The Marine Field Study provides a repository for these photos of living mollusks along with interesting field observations which are available to researchers both amateur and professional. Marine Field Study data forms are available to all who are interested. They are simple to fill out and help the observer to record the pertinent information quickly. The forms are housed conveniently in the Club library and can be sent to interested out-of-town members. The Project has received photographs and completed data forms and encourages more divers, collectors, photographers and observers to record their findings and either bring them in to the Club or mail them to Marine Field Study, c/o Margaret Mulliner, 5283 Vickie Dr., San Diego, CA 92109. IS' ISSN 0738-9388 4THE FESTIVUS A publication of the San Diego Shell Club Volume: XXIV November 12, 1992 Number: 11 CLUB OFFICERS President Vice President Secretary (Corres.) Secretary (Record.) Treasurer Past President Jules Hertz Terry Arnold Richard Negus Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Larry Buck CLUB STAFF Historian Librarian FESTIVUS STAFF Editor Business Manager Photographer Linda Hutsell Margaret Mulliner Carole M. Hertz Jules Hertz David K. Mulliner MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION Annual dues are payable to San Diego Shell Club. Membership (includes family): S 12.00; Overseas (surface mail): $15.00; Overseas (air mail): $25.00. Address all correspondence to the San Diego Shell Club, Inc., c/o 3883 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego, CA 92111 The Festivus is published monthly except December. The publication date appears on the masthead above. Single copies of this issue: $5.00 plus postage. SCIENllFIC REVIEW BOARD R. Tucker Abbott American Malacologists Henry W Chaney Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Eugene V. Coan Research Associate California Academy of Sciences Anthony D’Attilio 2415 29th Street San Diego, California 92104 Douglas J. Eernisse University of Michigan William K. Emerson American Museum of Natural Histoiy Terrence M. Gosliner California Academy of Sciences James H. McLean Los Angeles County Museum of Natural Histoiy Barry Roth Research Associate Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Paul Scott Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History Emily H. Vokes Tulane University Meeting date; third Thursday, 7:30 PM Room 104, Casa Del Prado, Balboa Park PROGRAM Majuro and Arno Atolls Revisited Don Shasky, world traveler and diver, will give Islands where he revisited the atolls of Majuro and a slide program on his latest visit to the Marshall Arno. Shells of the month: Cassis and Tuns JULES HERTZ & CAROLE M. HERTZ 118 Hexaplex erythrostomus—co\ox forms in the Sea of Cortez LARRY BUCK 120 The Festivus announces a supplement for 1992 121 A selected index to Volume XXIV (1992) 122 Map for detaching Page 117 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(ll): 1992 CLUB NEWS The Club Christmas Dinner Party The Club Christmas party will be held on Saturday evening December 5th at the Shanghai Restaurant at Quivira Basin in San Diego. See map, last page. The cost is $15 per person and reservations must be received by November 28th. The festivities will begin at 6:00 PM with no host cocktails. Dinner will be served at 7:00 PM and will be a complete dinner served family style. It will begin with assorted appetizers followed by soup and six entrees, fried rice, Chinese tea and fortune cookies. The Club will provide complimentary dinner wine. As always, there will be the traditional shell gift exchange. To participate, bring a gift-wrapped shell (with collecting information on the inside only) to place under the tree. On the outside, indicate only general locale - Caribbean, Indo-Pacific etc. Numbers will be drawn and those who bring a shell gift will choose one from under the tree. Come and welcome in the season with your friends. There is no regular meeting in December. Dues are Due for 1993 Dues are now due and payable for 1993 to The San Diego Shell Club. Please send to the Club address shown on the masthead. All domestic memberships are $12; overseas (surface mail) $15; overseas (air mail) $30. All memberships include one copy of The Festivus per family. Those not renewing by the end of January will not receive the February issue or be included on the membership roster. All memberships after the end of October are considered to be for 1993. Club Mugs for Sale at November Meeting For those who may be interested in giving Club mugs as holiday gifts, they will be available for purchase at the November meeting. However, to insure that the amount and size of mug that you want is on hand, call Kim Hutsell (295-8330). These specially designed Club mugs, each featuring three local shells, are in two sizes: standard size at $7 and extra-large at $9. Should you want the mugs shipped, add $2 domestic postage (per mug). For overseas purchases, postage varies depending on the country. From the Minutes - San Diego Shell Club Meeting - October 15, 1992 After introducing new members and guests. President Jules Hertz presented the slate of Club officers for 1993. The slate is as follows: President, Carole Hertz; Vice President, Hugh Bradner; Treasurer, Linda Hutsell; Recording Secretary, Terry Arnold; Corresponding Secretary, Rick Negus. Nominations from the floor will be accepted at the November meeting followed by election of officers. The new officers will be installed at the Christmas Party. Jules thanked Debbie and Larry Catarius on behalf of the Club for hosting the superb September party. Kim Hutsell spoke about the proposed School Kit Project being researched by the Club and asked for shell donations and interested volunteers to help set up the project. John Jackson informed the members of the upcoming PBS special, "Shadows in a Desert Sea" on the Gulf of California. Jules then introduced Dr. Henry Chaney of the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, who presented a slide show and discussion on preserving shell collections and maintaining them for the future. He spoke on housing a collection, storage containers, cleaning (or not cleaning) the animals and shells, and discussed the serious problem of efflorescence or Byne’s Disease. His fine slides illustrated the problems discussed, sometimes humorously, and he generously provided handouts to the audience with helpful information on collection maintenance materials and their sources. It was a most informative program enjoyed by all. The door prize was won by Mary Pecten Flentz and the cookies for the refreshment break were provided by Larry & Debbie Catarius. Vol. XXIV(ll): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 118 COSTOANACHIS CORONATA AND PARAMETARIA DUPONTII LAYING EGGS AT CHOLLA BAY JULES HERTZ & CAROLE M. HERTZ Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road Santa Barbara, California 93105 A group of members of the San Diego Shell Club collected at Cholla Bay, Sonora, Mexico during the March 17-20, 1992 low tides. The group consisted of Carol and Paul Skoglund, Wendy and Bob Koch, Pat and Ed Boyd, and Carole and Jules Hertz. For three days we collected at various spots in Cholla Bay and on the fourth day we collected at Norse Beach (Sandy Beach) a little southeast of Cholla Bay. On 18 March 1992, many of us collecting at Pelican Point, Cholla Bay observed Costoanachis coronata (Sowerby, 1832) laying eggs on Padina fronds in the low tide zone at the morning low tide (-5.3 ft. at 7:50 AM). The egg cases were all over the Padina fronds, top and bottom. We observed as many as three specimens of C. coronata on a single frond. A typical view of the egg capsules is shown in Figure 1. The strands of egg capsules varied in size, containing from 4 to 18 capsules. The egg capsules look like semicircular disks and the strands resemble rows of corn kernels. The base of the capsule attached to the frond is approximately 1.7 mm and the thickness is approximately 0.6 mm. When viewed under magnification, a small circular diaphragm is seen at the top of each capsule (Figure 2), and it is presumed that the individual eggs exit through Figure 1. Costoanachis coronata with eggs on Padina. Photo: D. K. Mulliner. Figure 2. Detail of egg capsules of C. coronata. Egg strand at lOx, individual capsules at 20x. Drawings: L. Marx. Page 1 19 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(ll): 1992 this area at some later time when this diaphragm ruptures. Each of the capsules appeared to be completely filled with eggs. The laying of eggs by C. coronata was also observed on March 19 at another location in Cholla Bay and on the 20th at Norse Beach. Several fronds containing egg capsules as well as one with a specimen of C. coronata laying eggs were taken at Pelican Point and preserved in 70% isopropyl alcohol. These have been donated to the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History (SBMNH 35611). On the 18th of March, we also observed several instances of egg laying on Padina by Parametaria dupontii (Kiener, 1849-50). Figure 3 shows two strands of P. dupontii egg capsules. These are larger than those of C. coronata and differ in shape. A typical strand of P. dupontii egg capsules contains 11 capsules. The capsules are triangular in shape and vary in size, with the center capsules larger than those at the ends of the strand. The base of the smallest end capsule is approximately 2.0 mm at the base and 3.0 mm in height, while a central capsule is approximately 3.5 mm at the base and 5.0 mm in height. The thickness of each capsule is approximately 1.5 mm. Figure 4 shows two views of a single capsule at 15x and a lOx drawing of two capsules attached at their base. These egg capsules, with the specimen laying the eggs, were also donated to Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History (SBMNH 35612). ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Our thanks to Laurie Marx of the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History for the excellent drawings of the eggs of the two species and to David K. Mulliner for the fine photography. Figure 3. Egg capsules of Parametaria dupontii on Padina. Photo: D. K. Mulliner. Figure 4a-c. Detail drawings of egg capsules of P. dupontii. (a&b) two views of single capsule at 15x (c) view of two capsules on base of egg strand at lOx. Drawings: L. Marx. Vol. XXIV(ll): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 120 HEXAPLEX ERYTHROSTOMUS-COEOK FORMS IN THE SEA OF CORTEZ LARRY BUCK 2411 El Amigo Road, Del Mar, California 92014 While on a scuba diving trip to the Mulege area of the Sea of Cortez during the summer of 1991, I observed a population of a hundred or more Hexaplex erythrostomus (Swainson, 1831) (Figure 1). This group of muricids covered an area of approximately 100 meters in length by many meters in width at a depth of 10 to 15 meters on a sand and rubble bottom. Groups of two to three animals, each group consisting of one large and one or two smaller animals, were closely spaced to several meters apart. Some were on top of one another. According to another diver who had encountered this group, they had been congregated in the area for at least two weeks. Neither of us saw any egg laying. However, my guess is that this congregating and grouping behavior is breeding- related. I normally don’t collect any "pink mouths," as H. erythrostomus is commonly known, but I knew that my friend and fellow diving enthusiast, John Jackson, had previously collected a color form with an all-white aperture and I figured that I would try Figure l. Hexaplex erythrostomus, four color forms. Top left to right: "lipstick" form, 106 mm; to add this color form to mv aperture, 103 mm. Bottom left to right "regius" form, 83 mm; usual form, 122 mm. ^ Photo: D.K. Mulliner Page 121 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(ll): 1992 collection. The condition of all these H. erythrostomus was remarkable, most were nearly totally clean and of gem quality. I found two smaller ones particularly interesting. One had the white aperture I was looking for (Figure 1, top right). The other was the beautiful and rarer "lipstick" color form having a yellowish-white aperture with a pink outer fringe (Figure l,top left) The usual pink-apertured shell is shown in Figure 1, bottom right). After finding three color forms of H. erythrostomus on this trip, I was lent a fourth color form from the Pisor collection for this article (Figure 1, bottom left). Its aperture coloration is reminiscent of Hexaplex regius (Swainson, 1821), a close relative. Don Pisor advised that after personally seeing thousands of "pink mouths" through his associations with Mexican commercial fishermen, the incidence of specimens with white apertures is approximately one percent, while the "lipstick" color form is less frequent and the "regius" color form is probably less than one per thousand. Anthony D’Attilio tells more about the "regius" color form of this species in, "An Unusual Color Form of Phyllonotus erythrostoma (Swainson, 1831)" (Festivus 16(l):6-7, figs. 1-4) in which he noted that similar color forms appear in Phyllonotus margaritensis (Abbott, 1958) from the Caribbean. Tony also told me he had heard of a population of smaller H. erythrostomus with white apertures off Acapulco, Mexico. Keen (1971) in Sea Shells of Tropical West America, 2nd edition, notes the distribution of H. erythrostomus as from the Gulf of California to Peru. Over an area this large there might be other color forms I haven’t seen. I would be interested in hearin^ >f any which I might have omitted in this article. My many thanks to Dave Mulliner for his time and skills in photographing these specimens. Thanks also to Tony D’Attilio for his discussion on this subject and to Don Pisor for his comments and the loan of his specimen. THE FESTIVUS ANNOUNCES A SUPPLEMENT FOR 1992 It is with pleasure and pride that The Festivus announces this supplement to Volume XXIV which will be received by 1992 members as part of their subscriptions. This 170-1- page volume by Carol Skoglund entitled Additions to the Panamic Province Gastropod (Mollusca) Literature - 1971 to 1992 updates the Panamic gastropod literature since Keen’s (1971) Sea Shells of Tropical West America. This supplement is the fourth in a series of "updates to Keen" by Skoglund published in The Festivus. The first three treated were: the chitons (1989), the opisthobranchs (1990) and the bivalves (1990). With this volume, Carol Skoglund has up- dated the gastropod information in Keen (1971) and will earn the gratitude of all those interested in the Panamic molluscan fauna. The supplement will be available for sale through The Festivus, San Diego Shell Club, 3883 Mt. Blackburn Avenue, San Diego, CA 92111, USA for $20 postpaid (domestic), $22 postpaid (overseas surface mail) and $29 postpaid (overseas air mail). A limited number of copies of this supplement have been printed. Thus, the Club requests that any member finding the supplement not useful, pass it on or return it to The Festivus at the address above. Vol. XXIV(ll): 1992 THE FESTIVUS Page 122 A SELECTED INDEX TO VOLUME XXIV (1992) ANDERSON, ROLAND C. Book news: "INTERTIDAL BIVALVES: a guide to the common marine bivalves of Alaska" reviewed 65 BERTSCH, HANS Bahia de los Angeles: marvelous mollusks and a word of caution 26 Book news: Pacific Coast Nudibranchs, second edition reviewed 34 BISHOP, JOHN A. Tectarius muricatiis (Linnaeus, 1758) from the northern Gulf of California, Mexico 81 BUCK, LARRY Pterynotiis pinniger (Broderip, 1833) at Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico 42 Hexaplex erythrostomus - color forms in the Sea of Cortez 120 BUCK, LARRY & KIM HUTSELL San Diego Shell Club sponsers "Marine Field Study" 15 CASTOR, JANE Bivalves below the Wilcox Bluffs, Santa Barbara, California 19 CHANEY, HENRY W. A note on exotic species 83 Interesting gastropods from the 1992 Cocos Island Expedition 86 GROVES, LINDSEY T. Californian cowries (Cypraeacea): past and present, with notes on Recent tropical eastern Pacific species 101 HERTZ, CAROLE M. Additions to D’Attilio & Hertz (1988) "An Illustrated Catalogue of the Family Typhidae Cossmann, 1903" 110 HERTZ, CAROLE M. (editor) 1992 low tides for the northern Gulf of California 28 Correction to "San Diego Shell Club sponsors ’Marine Field Study’" 28 In memoriam (Clifford Martin) 82 Correction to "Review of the Vitrinellidae...from the Gemmell Collection" 93 An anonymous gift to The Festivus 94 A new paper on chitons 100 An El Nino update 112 San Diego Shell Club’s "Marine Field Study" project 115 The Festivus announces a supplement for 1992 121 HERTZ, CAROLE M., BARBARA W. MYERS & JOYCE GEMMELL Review of the Vitrinellidae from the San Felipe area, Baja California, Mexico, from the Gemmell Collection (1965-1976) 68 HERTZ, CAROLE M. & CAROL SKOGLUND Pseudochama grand, Strong, 1934, a valid species 8 HERTZ, JULES Annual meeting of the WSM 92 HERTZ, JULES & CAROLE M. HERTZ Unusual finds at Mission Bay, San Diego 61 Costoanachis coronata and Parametaria dupondi laying eggs at Cholla Bay 118 Page 123 THE FESTIVUS Vol. XXIV(ll): 1992 HOUSTON, ROY S. Gastropod mollusks inhabiting the gulf weed: Sargassum sinicola 63 JACKSON, JOHN Vitularia salebrosa (King & Broderip, 1832) on eggs 43 KOCH, BOB Panamic puzzles: Terebra argosyia and T. robusta 3 Panamic puzzles: Oliva kerstitchi - yes, no or maybe? 31 Panamic puzzles: Those peripatetic eulimids 97 LaGRANGE, JOHN Dredging off Nine Mile Bank, San Diego, California 47 MULLINER, DAVID K. Finding Hexabranchus sanguineus, the Spanish Dancer 42 SHASKY, DONALD R. Additional notes on Favartia guamensis Emerson & D’Atillio, 1979 and Favartia crouchi (Sowerby, 1893) 38 Notes on "Distorsio” pusilla Pease, 1861 (Tonnacea: Personidae) 113 SKOGLUND, CAROL Corrections and additions to "Additions to the Panamic Province Bivalve (Mollusca) Literature 1971 to 1990" 36 Range extensions? 94 23 28B SI XL 00/93 98115 J . 1 — W »MITHSON!AN 8NSTITUTI0N X in O X > WIN0SHliM!S^S3 1 HVH 8 smithsonian”*institution ^ LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN m in 0 1 i k INSTITUTION NOIiniliSNI m NVINOSHilWS S3IHV8 8n f/i ut LIB NOIlfliliSNI :NVIN0SHilWS_S3 1 n LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOI. z. SMITHSONIAN _ •* 2 INSTlTUTlON^OliniliSNI NVINOSHXiyyS s S *^S3 I H VH 8 n„LI B RAR I ES^^SMITHSONIAN^ INSTITUTION N( (n O LIB RAR I ES^SMITHS0NIAN"'|NSTITUTI0N~ NOIiniliSNrNVINOSHXIINS;,S3 1 H VB 8 H SMITHSONIAN JVASX^ INSTITUTION NOUniUSNI NviNOSHiiws S3 1 8 va an" lU LIB RAR I ES SMITHSONIAN ^ INSTITUTION if> NOlinillSNI NVINOSHil WS ' S 3 I 8 V 8 8 1 1' L