NOAA TR NMFS CIRC-377

A UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF
COMMERCE
PUBLICATION

1-' O' Co.

T"

NOAA Technical Report NMFS CIRC-377

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

National Marine Fisheries Service

Fishery Publications,
Calendar Year 1970:

Lists and Indexes

lteHne"Blo!ogiwl Ll)or nry
LIBRA ^

Woods Hole, .^.ass.

MARY ELLEN ENGETT and LEE C. THORSON

SEAHLE, WA
December 1972

NOAA TECHNICAL REPORTS

338. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Lab-
oratory, Auke Bay, Alaska. By Bureau of Com-
mercial Fisheries. June 1970, 8 pp., 6 figs.

National Marine Fisheries Service, Circulars

The major responsibilities of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are to monitor and assess the
abundance and geographic distribution of fishery resources, to understand and predict fluctuations in the quan-
tity and distribution of these resources, and to establish levels for optimum use of the resources. NMFS is also
charged with the development and implementation of policies for managing national fishing grounds, develop-
ment and enforcement of domestic fi.sheries regulations, surveillance of foreign fishing off United States coastal
waters, and the development and enforcement of international fishery agreements and policies. NMFS also
assists'the fishing industry through marketing service and economic analysis programs, and mortgage insurance
and vessel construction subsidies. It collects, analyses, and publishes statistics on various phases of the industry.

The NOAA Technical Report N.MFS CIRC series continues a series that has been in existence since 1941. The
Circulars are technical publications of general interest intended to aid conservation and management. Publica-
tions that review in considerable detail and at a high technical level certain broad areas of research appear in
this series. Technical papers originating in economics studies and from management investigations appear in
the Circular series.

NOAA Technical Reports NMFS CIRC are available free in limited numbers to governmental agencies, both
Federal and State. They are also available in exchange for other scientific and technical pulilications in the ma-
rine sciences. Individual copies may be obtained (unless otherwise noted) from NOAA Publications Section, Rock-
ville, Md. 20852. Recent Circulars are:

315. Synopsis of biological data on the chum salmon,
Oiicorhynchus kcta (Walbaum) 1792. By Rich-
ard G. Bakkala. March 1970, iii + 89 pp., 15
figs., 51 tables.

319. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Great Lakes
Fishery Laboratory, Ann Arbor, Michigan. By
Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. March 1970,
8 pp., 7 figs.

330. EASTROPAC Atlas: Vols. 4, 2. Catalog No.

1 49.4:330/ (vol.) 11 vols. ($4.75 each). Avail-
able from the Superintendent of Documents,
Washington, D.C. 20402.

331. Guidelines for the processing of hot-smoked chub.
By H. L. Seagran, J. T. Graikoski, and J. A.
Emerson. January 1970, iv + 23 pp., 8 figs.,

2 tables.

332. Pacific hake. (12 articles by 20 authors.) March
1970, iii + 152 pp., 72 figs., 47 tables.

333. Recommended practices for vessel sanitation and
fish handling. By Edgar W. Bowman and Alfred
Larsen. March 1970, iv + 27 pp., 6 figs.

339.

Salmon re.search at Ice Harbor Dam. By Wesley
J. Ebel. April 1970, 6 pp., 4 figs.

340.

341.

335. Progress report of the Bureau of Commercial
Fisheries Center for E.stuarine and Menhaden
Research, Pesticide Field Station, Gulf Breeze,
Fla., fiscal year 1969. By the Laboratory staff.
August 1970, iii -1- 33 pp., 29 figs., 12 tables.

336. The northern fur seal. By Ralph C. Baker, Ford
Wilke, and C. Howard Baltzo. April 1970, iii +
19 pp., 13 figs.

337. Program of Division of Economic Research,
Bureau of Commerecial Fisheries, fi.scal year

1969. By Division of Economic Research. April

1970, iii + 29 pp., 12 figs., 7 tables.

Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Technological
Laboratory, Gloucester, Massachusetts. By Bu-
reau of Commercial Fisheries. June 1970, 8 pp.,
8 figs.

Report of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries
Biological Laboratory, Beaufort, N.C., for the
fiscal year ending June 30, 1968. By the Lab-
oratory staff. August 1970, iii -f- 24 pp., 11 figs.,
16 tables.

342. Report of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries
Biological Laboratory, St. Peter.sburg Beach,
Florida, fiscal year 1969. By the Laboratory staff.
August 1970, iii + 22 pp., 20 figs.. 8 tables.

343. Report of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries
Biological Laboratory, Galveston, Texas, fiscal
year 1969. By the Laboratory staff. August
1970, iii -I- 39 pp., 28 figs., 9 tables.

.■544. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Tropical Atlan-
tic Biological Laboratory progress in research
1965-69, Miami, Florida. By Ann Weeks. Oc-
tober 1970, iv -f- 65 pp., 53 figs.

346. Sportsman's guide to handling, smoking, and pre-
serving Great Lakes coho salmon. By Shearon
Dudley. J. T. Graikoski. H. L. Seagran, and Paul
M. Earl. September 1970, iii + 28 pp., 15 figs.

347. Synopsis of biological data on Pacific ocean perch,
Sehnstodes aluttis. By Richard L. Major and
Herbert H. Shippen. December 1970, iii -f- 38
pp., 31 figs., 11 tables.

Continued on inside back cover.

^O MMOSp^,

1»EMT Of *

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Peter G. Peterson, Secretary

NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION
Robert M. White, Administrator

NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE
Philip M, Roedel, Director

NOAA Technical Report NMFS CIRC-377

Fishery Publications,
Calendar Year 1970:
Lists and Indexes

MARY ELLEN ENGETT and LEE C. THORSON

Marine Eio!os<cjl L^borvi^
LIBRA-^v

MAR 12 1973

Woods Hole, iv.ass.

SEATTLE, WA
December 1972

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 45 cents

The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) does not approve, rec-
ommend or endorse any proprietary product or proprietary material
mentioned in this publication. No reference shall be made to NMFS, or
to this publication furnished by NMFS, in any advertising or sales pro-
motion which would indicate or imply that NMFS approves, recommends
or endorses any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned
herein, or which has as its purpose an intent to cause directly or indirectly
the advertised product to be used or purchased because of this NMFS
publication.

CONTENTS

Page

ABSTRACT 1

INTRODUCTION 1

LISTS 2

Circular 2

Data Report 6

Fishery Industrial Research 8

Fishery Leaflet 11

Special Scientific Report — Fisheries 12

AUTHOR INDEX 19

SUBJECT INDEX 21

INDEX BY MARSDEN SQUARES 32

ni

IV

FISHERY PUBLICATIONS, CALENDAR YEAR 1970

LISTS AND INDEXES

By

MARY ELLEN ENGETT and LEE C. THORSON

Scientific Publications Staff
National Marine Fisheries Service

ABSTRACT

The following series of fishery publications of the National Marine Fisheries Service,
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (until October, 1970 the Bureau
of Commercial Fisheries of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) in calendar year 1970
are listed numerically (with abstracts) and indexed by author, subject, and geographic
area: Circular. Data Report, Fishery Industrial Research, Fishery Leaflet, and
Special Scientific Report — Fisheries.

INTRODUCTION

This document provides for calendar year
1970 numerical lists (with abstracts) and
indexes by author, subject, and geographical
area, the following series of publications of the
National Marine Fisheries Service, National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
which until October 1970 was the Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service:

Circular
Data Report

Fishery Industrial Research (ceased publi-
cation with Vol. 6, No. 4, October 1970)
Fishery Leaflet
Special Scientific Report — Fisheries

A separate listing has been issued of material
appearing in the Fishery Bulletin for 1970.

The document is divided into four principal
sections:

Numerical listing of series (with abstracts)

Author index

Subject index

Index by Marsden squares

The last section has been included to afford
easy access to the publications for those persons
interested in specific geographical areas. Figure
1 shows the Marsden squares treated in the
several publications.

The series abbreviations used in the indexes
are:

Circular C

Data Report D

Fishery Industrial Research FIR

Fishery Leaflet FL

Special Scientific Report — Fisheries S

LISTS
Circular

315. Synopsis of biological data on the chum
salmon, Oncdrhyiichus keta (Walbaum) 1792.
By Richard G. Bakkala. March 1970, iii + 89
pp., 15 figs., 51 tables.

ABSTRACT
Information presented on the chum salmon in-
cludes nomenclature, taxonomy, morphology-, dis-
tribution, ecology and life history, population
dynamics, fishery, and protection and management.

316-318. Published in 1969.

319. Bureau of Commerical Fisheries Great
Lakes Fishery Laboratory Ann Arbor, Michi-
gan. Anonymous. March 1970. 4 fan-fold.

(Xo abstract)

320-329. Published in 1969.

330, Vol. 4. EASTROPAC Atlas: Biological
and Nutrient Chemistry Data from Principal
Participating Ships, First and Second Moni-
tor Cruises, April-July 1967. By Cuthbert
M. Love, (editor). November 1970, viii -I- 125
pp., 165 charts. For sale by the Superinten-
dent of Documents, U.S. Government Print-
ing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402 — Price
$4.75 per volume.

ABSTRACT
This atlas contains charts depicting the distribu-
tion of physical, chemical, and biological oceano-
graphic properties and associated meteorological
properties observed during EASTROPAC. EAST-
ROPAC was an international cooperative investi-
gation of the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (20° N.
to 20° S., and from the west coasts of the American
continents to 119° W.) which was intended to pro-
vide data necessary for a more effective use of the
marine resources of the area, especially tropical
tunas, and also to increase knowledge of the ocean
circulation, air-sea interaction, and ecology. The
Bureau of Commercial Fisheries (now National
Marine Fisheries Service) was the coordinating
agency. The field work, from February 1967 through
March 1968, was divided into seven 2-month cruise
periods. During each cruise period one or more
ships were operating in the study area.

On completion of the field work the data seemed
too numerous for a classical data report. Instead, it
was decided to produce an 11-volume atlas of the
results, with 5 volumes containing physical oceano-
graphic and meteorological data from the principal
participating ships, H volumes containing biological
and nutrient chemistry data from the same ships,
and 1 volume containing all data from Latin Ameri-

can cooperating ships and ships of opportunity.

Extensive use was made of a computer and auto-
matic plotter in preparation of the atlas charts.
Methods used to collect and process the data upon
which the atlas is based are described in detail by
the contributors of the following categories of
charts: temperature, salinity, and derived quanti-
ties; thickness of the upper mixed layer; dissolved
oxygen; meteorology; nutrient chemistrj-; phyto-
plankton standing stocks and production; zoo-
plankton and fish larvae; micronekton; birds, fish
schools, and marine mammals.

331. Guidelines for the Processing of Hot-
Smoked Chub. By H. L. Seagran, J. T. Grai-
koski, and J. A. Emerson. January 1970, iv
+ 23 pp.. 8 figs., 2 tables.

ABSTRACT
Attention is called to the importance of plant
sanitation and of raw material quality and handling
in the preparation of an acceptable, safe smoked
chub product. Suggested procedures for brining
and smoking the fish are included, together with a
brief discussion of related variables and processing
equipment. The application of these guidelines
should help industry- prepare smoked chub that will
meet known requirements of public regulatory agen-
cies.

332. Pacific Hake — Importance of the World-
wide Hake, Merhfccins, Resource. By Richard
B. Grinols, and Michael F. Tillman. March
1970, iii -I- 1-21 pp., 12 figs., 2 tables.

ABSTRACT
Aspects of hake taxonomy, biologj-, and world
fisheries are reviewed from the literature. Of the
11 nominal hake species, 6 represent a substantial
segment of the total gadoid species landed in the
world and play an important role in world fisheries
economy. The historical development of the fishery
for six species of hake is discussed.

(332.) Pacific Hake — Distribution and Biologj'
of Pacific Hake: A Synopsis. By Martin 0.
Nelson, and Herbert A. Larkins. March 1970,
pp. 23-33. 2 figs., 1 table.

ABSTRACT
Pacific hake occur from the Gulf of Alaska to
the Gulf of California. Genetic studies suggest that
a single population inhabits the ocean region from
British Columbia to Baja California.

Studies of the abundance of hake larvae have
shown that spawning is mainly during December
to .\pril in offshore areas along the coasts of south-
ern California and Baja California. The morpho-
logical characteristics of larvae are comparable to
other fish with pelagic eggs. Larvae are most often
encountered within or near the thermocline at
temperatures of 47..5° to 65..3° F. Little is known
about the distribution of juvenile (ages 1-3) hake.

Except when spawning, adult hake are primarily
residents of the upper Continental Slope and Shelf.
It is hypothesized that adult hake undertake an
annual niipi-ation northward in the spring and
summer and southward beginning in the fall to the
offshore spawning region. During the late spring
to fall, feeding adult fish are found from British
Columbia to northern California and are most
abundant off Washington and Oregon. By December
most fish have moved out of the Vancouver Island-
Oregon area.

Adult hake feeding in inshore areas during the
spring to fall period characteristically form long
narrow schools just off bottom. They make pro-
nounced diel vertical migrations. Hake feed on a
large variety of fish and invertebrates. In the
Washington-Oregon region, euphausiids appear to
be their primary food.

Hake grow rapidly to age 6. Preliminary age
composition analysis suggests that after age ^
their annual natural mortality rate is about 43 per-
cent. Apparent fluctuations in year class strength
have been observed.

(332.) Pacific Hake— Food of Pacific Hake,
Merluccius productus, in Washington and
Northern Oregon Coastal Waters. By Miles
S. Alton and Martin 0. Nelson. March 1970,
pp. 35-42, 2 figs., 4 tables.
ABSTRACT
Examination of the stomach contents suggests
that Pacific hake feeds principally on pelagic or-
ganisms during its seasonal residence (spring to
fall) off the Washington and northern Oregon coasts.
Euphausiids. Thysanoessa spinifeni and Eiiphaiisia
pacifica, were the leading food items of Pacific hake
in both frequency of occurrence and contribution by
weight. Other important forms were fish and panda-
lid shrimp. Similar to Pacific hake, several of the
prety of hake (euphausiids. pandalid shrimp, and
Sergestes similin) undergo a vertical movement dur-
ing the evening and early morning. A high incidence
of empty stomachs in fish captured late in the day
may suggest that hake resume feeding sometime
between sunset and the following morning.

(332.) Pacific Hake — Pacific Hake Fishery in
Washington and Oregon Coastal Waters. By
Martin 0. Nelson. March 1970, pp. 43-52, 2
figs., 2 tables.

ABSTRACT
In 1966 both United States and Soviet vessels
began harvesting hake from coastal waters. Egg
and larvae and trawl surveys have shown the hake
resource to be large and capable of supporting a
sizeable fishery. In offshore waters hake are fished
from May to November between northern California
and Vancouver Island. Four U.S. vessels partici-
pated in the offshore fishery in 1966, and 10 vessels
in 1967. Total U.S. catches reported by fishermen
were 3.7 million pounds in 1966 and 18.5 million

pounds in 1967. The increased U.S. production in
1967 was due to increased fishing and increased
catch-per-hour-trawled. Most of the U.S. production
came from the region between lat. 46° and 48° N.
in waters between 20 and 80 fathoms deep. Highest
catch rates were during June and July. As the
season progressed the fishery shifted to the north
and to deeper water. Conspicuously few species
were mixed in with the hake catches. The size of
the offshore fishery is difficult to predict and will
be gi'eatly influenced by economic factors and fluctu-
ations in stock abundance.

(332.) Pacific Hake — Operation of the Soviet
Trawl Fleet off the Washington and Oregon
Coasts during 1966 and 1967. By Charles R.
Hitz. March 1970, pp. 53-75, 16 figs., 4 tables.
ABSTRACT
A large Soviet fishing fleet has been trawling for
Pacific ocean perch and Pacific hake off the north-
western coast of the United States since April 1966.
The report describes the types of vessels making
up the fleet and the fishing techniques used.

The fleet comprised side trawlers, stern trawlers,
and support ships. Details are given on the SRT.
SRTR Okcciii, SRTM Mityuk, RT Pioneer, BMRT
Pushkin and Matjakovukii, RTM Tiopik and At-
lantik, Skryplcr, and seven support ships.

The entire fleet worked as a unit with a command
ship that directed the scouting and harvesting. It
moved into the area in April and left in December.
In 1966 the fleet reached a peak of 111 ships in
July, and in 1967 it peaked at 114 ships in May.

(332.) Pacific Hake— Midwater Trawling
Equipment and Fishing Technique for Cap-
turing Hake off the Coast of Washington and
Oregon. By Leonard J. Johnson, and William
L. High. March 1970, pp. 77-101, 20 figs., 8
tables.

ABSTRACT
The Bureau of Commercial Fisheries has designed
and developed midwater trawls, special otterboards,
and a system to continuously indicate trawl depth.
Cobb pelagic trawls have caught hake in midwater
and the BCF Universal trawl has caught hake both
on bottom and in midwater while being towed by
Pacific Northwest trawlers at only 1.6 to 2.3 knots.
Both Cobb pelagic otterboards and China V-doors
have been used to spread the trawls. The trawls
were designed to open 40 to 80 feet. Comparative
fishing trials have shown that trawls of light-weight
monofilament catch more fish than trawls of multi-
filament nylon. To trawl effectively for hake in mid-
water the fisherman must invest about $16,000 for
equipment — two trawls, two depth telemeti-y sys-
tems, otterboards, cable meters, and 20-inch diame-
ter trawl blocks.

(332.) Pacific Hake — Economic Aspects of the

1967 Offshore Pacific Hake Fishery. By Wal-
ter T. Pereyra, and Jack A. Richards. March
1970, pp. 103-119. 10 figs.. 8 tables. 1 app.
ABSTRACT
The study was cairied out to ascertain the eco-
nomic performance of existing trawl vessels when
fishing for hake with modern midwater trawl gear.
Cost and revenue aspects of the 1967 operation are
presented, and the economics of the fishery are
discussed relative to the establishment of a viable
Pacific hake fishery.

(332.) Pacific Hake — Proximate Chemical

Composition of Pacific Hake. By Max Pa-

tashnik, Harold J. Barnett, and Richard W.

Nelson. March 1970, pp. 121-125, 6 tables.

ABSTRACT

The composition of ocean hake varied seasonally,

and fat varied most. Whole fish had about 1..5 to

3..') percent fat during March to July and about 4

to 6 percent fat during September to November.

They had 13.4 to 15.0 percent protein during March

to July and 14.4 to 15.6 percent protein during

September to November. They had about 3 percent

ash during all periods. In contrast to the edible

fillets, the waste portion had lower moisture, lower

protein, and substantially higher fat contents.

The composition of Puget Sound hake varied
seasonally, and again fat varied most. The fat con-
tent of whole fish was highest (6.4-7.4 percent) from
about October through January. The average fat
content of Puget Sound hake was higher than that
of ocean hake, being 73 percent higher in the whole
fish, 56 percent higher in fillets, and 68 percent
higher in the waste portion. The protein content of
whole fish ranged from I'l.'.i to 13.4 percent in early
April to 16.1 percent in July. During the period
January through May and during October, the livers
were high in fat, averaging 44 percent fat in
females and 58 percent fat in males.

The average protein content of ocean hake fillets
was 16.5 percent and that of Puget Sound fillets was
16.1 percent.

(332.) Pacific Hake — Characteristics of Pacific
Hake, Merluccius productus, That Affect Its
Suitability for Food. By John A. Dassow, Max
Patashnik, and Barbara J. Koury. March
1970, pp. 127-136, 3 figs., 1 table.
ABSTRACT
The expanding population and the increasing
dependence of the United States on imported food
fish necessitate a continuing study of latent protein
sources such as the undeveloped fishery for Pacific
hake off the Pacific coast.

Direct use of hake in food products is desirable
to encourage diversification of the fishing industry.
Hake, long considered an undesirable species, has
been studied for potential application in fresh,
frozen, and processed products. The factors studied

include color, odor, flavor, texture (including the
cause of mushy texture), keeping quality, com-
position, and food value. We believe that the best
use of species such as hake is in processed-food
products for which frozen minced fish flesh can be
prepared with suitable additives that help it have
desirable flavor, texture, and keeping quality.

(332.) Pacific Hake— Production of Meal and
Oil from Hake. By Richard W. Nelson, and
John A. Dyer. March 1970. pp. 137-142, 5
figs., 2 tables.

ABSTRACT
The chemical and physical properties of Pacific
hake indicate that it is suitable for production of
meal and oil. The oil content is sufficiently high
so that wet rendering should be used to produce
a high-quality fish meal. A plant built at Aberdeen,
Wash., has operated successfully from a technical
standpoint but has experienced difficulty obtaining
enough hake to enable it to operate profitably and
at prices the plant could afford to pay.

(332.) Pacific Hake — Preliminary Studies of
the Nutritive Value of Hake Meal for Poultry.
By Lawrence R. Berg. March 1970, pp. 143-
148, 6 tables.

ABSTRACT

As new fish meal such as Pacific hake meal are
produced and offered to the feeding industry, the
value of such meals as ingredients in poultry rations
needs to be determined. During 1966 and 1967. meals
became available from initial hake reduction oper-
ations on the Pacific coast. The composition of three
samples of hake meals and their nutritive value in
poultry rations were studied. In comparative tests
with British Columbia herring meal, all meals
promoted good growth when added at the 5 percent
level to a basal ration for broilers.

(332.) Pacific Hake— Feeding Pacific Hake to
Mink. By F. M. Stout. J. Adair, and J. E. Old-
field. March 1970, pp. 149-152, 3 tables.
ABSTRACT
Pacific hake offers considerable potential as an
economical protein source for mink rations. Early
research demonstrated that a serious problem,
"cotton-fur," a manifestation of iron deficiency, was
caused by feeding raw hake to mink. This problem
was identified and surmounted by heat -processing
the hake. This report deals with investigation of the
nutritional value to the mink of rations containing
several forms and quantities of hake.

333. Recommended Practices for Vessel Sani-
tation and Fish Handling. By Edgar W. Bow-
man and Alfred Larsen. March 1970, iv + 27
pp.. 6 figs.

ABSTRACT
Current practices aboard commercial fishing
vessels have come about largely through trial and
error, rather than through the application of re-
search findings. As a result, fishemien have not
always kept pace with the increasing demands by
consumers for fishery products of higher quality.
This report can provide the fishery industry with a
measuring stick necessary for self evaluation, while
supplying specific recommendations for improving
vessel sanitation and fish handling techniques.

334. Published in 1969.

335. Progress Report of the Bureau of Com-
mercial Fisheries Center for Estuarine and
Menhaden Research, Pesticide Field Station,
Gulf Breeze, Fla. Fiscal Year 1969. By T. R.
Rice, and Thomas W. Duke. August 1970, iii
+ 33 pp., 29 figs., 12 tables.

ABSTRACT
Research activities include studies on the fate
and effect of pesticides in the estuarine environment.

336. The Northern Fur Seal. By Ralph C. Baker,
Ford Wilke, and C. Howard Baltzo. April

1970, iii + 19 pp.

ABSTRACT
The early history of worldwide fur sealing; the
distribution and movement of northern fur seals;
and their food, physical characteristics, reproduc-
tion, and mortality and disease are discussed. In-
formation is also given on fur seal population,
management, and research; sealing on the Pribilof
Islands; and processing and sale of fur seal skins.

337. Program of Division of Economic Research,
Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, Fiscal Year
1969. By Frederick W. Bell. April 1970, iii +
29 pp., 12 figs., 7 tables.

ABSTRACT

The Division studies the economic behavior of the
U.S. fishing industry to provide information needed
by Government policy makers and industry members
to solve many of the problems facing the fishing
industry. This first report describes briefly the
organization and functions of the Division in re-
lation to the Government's policies concerning the
commercial fisheries.

The report summarizes (1) the projects completed
in the Branch of Demand and Marketing Research
and the Branch of Supply and Resource Use Re-
search during Fiscal Year 1969; and (2) those
projects included in Fiscal Year 1970 work program.

338. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological
Laboratory Auke Bay, Alaska. By U.S. De-
partment of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wild-

life Service, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries.
June 1970. (Four-Fold Flyer)
(No abstract)

339. Salmon Research at Ice Harbor Dam. By
Wesley J. Ebel. April 1970. (Four-Fold Flyer,

4 figs.)

ABSTRACT
Juvenile salmon were collected at Ice Harbor
Dam and transported downstream in the Columbia
River. This method of bypassing dams and reser-
voirs may be a means of increasing the survival of
the fish.

340. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Techno-
logical Laboratory Gloucester, Massachusetts,.
By U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Commercial
Fisheries. June 1970. (Four-Fold Flyer.)

(No abstract)

341. Report of the Bureau of Commercial Fish-
eries Biological Laboratory, Beaufort, N.C.
For the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1968.
By Kenneth A. Henry, and Joseph H. Kutkuhn
and Staff August 1970, iii + 24 pp., 11 figs.,
16 tables.

ABSTRACT
Results of biological research in the blue crab
and menhaden programs are discussed. Major topics
include abundance, distribution, and survival of blue
crab and menhaden larvae, juveniles, and adults;
results of menhaden tagging studies; and details
of the 1967 menhaden fishery. Other activities of
the laboratory staff, and publications for fiscal year
1968, are listed.

342. Report of the Bureau of Commercial Fish-
eries Biological Laboratory, St. Petersburg
Beach, Florida, Fiscal Year 1969. By James
E. Sykes. August 1970, iii -I- 22 pp., 20 figs.,
8 tables.

ABSTRACT
Highlights of research in fiscal year 1969 included
analysis and publication of data related to effects
of engineering on the estuarine resource and com-
pletion of field work on the Florida portion of the
cooperative Gulf of Mexico Estuarine Inventory.
In addition, data supplied through testimony to the
Florida Legislature assisted in the establishment
of an aquatic preserve; and after a local hearing in
which Laboratory data were presented, a munici-
pality disapproved a potentially damaging engineer-
ing project.

343. Report of the Bureau of Commercial Fish-
eries Biological Laboratory, Galveston,

Texas Fiscal Year 1969. By Milton J. Lindner
and Robert E. Stevenson. August 1970, iii +
39 pp., 28 figs., 9 tables.

ABSTRACT
Progress of research is reported. Emphasis is on
shrimp, and the research involves the fields of
mariculture, population dynamics, ecologry, and
oceanoeraphy.

344. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Tropical
Atlantic Biological Laboratorj' Progress in
Research 1965-'69 Miami, Florida. By Ann
Weeks. October 1970, iv + 65 pp., 53 figs.

ABSTRACT
The history, facilities, and programs of the labora-
tory are described. The development of the tuna
fishery in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, mid-1950's to
mid-1960's, is discussed. Condensed cruise reports
of the research vessels Geroiiiino and Undaunted
are included.

345. Not issued.

346. Sportsman's Guide to Handling, Smoking,
and Preserving Great Lakes Coho Salmon.
By Shearon Dudley, J. T. Graikoski, H. L.
Seagran, and Paul M. Earl. September 1970,
iii + 28 pp., 15 figs.

ABSTRACT
Since the introduction of coho salmon in Lake
Michigan in 1966, little information on the proper
care and use of the Great Lakes variety of this fish
has been made available to the sportsman. This
pamphlet gives guidelines for cleaning, butchering,
cooking, or storing coho. Emphasis is placed on
smoking procedures — one of the more popular ways
of preparing coho. The use of these guidelines will
help the sportsman prepare satisfactory products.

347. Synopsis of Biological Data on Pacific
Ocean Perch, Sebastodes alutus. By Richard
L. Major and Herbert H. Shippen. December
1970, iii + 38 pp., 31 figs., 11 tables.

ABSTRACT
This synopsis has information on the taxonomy,
life history, population structure, and harvesting
of a species that is being intensively fished and
studied by the United States, Canada, the U.S.S.R.,
and Japan. This synopsis includes data from scien-
tific papers either printed in English or translated
from Japanese and Russian into English.

348. Not issued.

.349. Published in 1971.

350. Research in Fiscal Year 1969 at the Bureau

of Commercial Fisheries Biological Labora-
tory, Beaufort, N.C. By Kenneth A. Henry,
and Joseph H. Kutkuhn. November 1970, ii +
49 pp., 21 figs., 17 tables.

ABSTRACT
Research on blue crab, conducted for thirteen
years at the Laboratory, is summarized briefly.
Progress of research in the menhaden investigation
— the life history, ecology, behavior-physiology,
tagging, and population dynamics programs — is
reported. Research in the Industrial Schoolfishes
Progi'am is reviewed.

351. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Explora-
tory Fishing and Gear Research Base, Pas-
cagoula, Mississippi July 1, 1967 to June 30,
1969. By Harvey R. BuUis, Jr., and John R.
Thompson. November 1970, iv 4- 29 pp., 29

figs., 1 table.

ABSTRACT
The research activities of the Base emphasize
the development of new techniques for locating and
assessing unutilized marine stocks and include
studies in aerial photography, multispectral pho-
tography, marine bioluminescence, fish oil film,
and sonar technology. Described are the outfitting
of the new research vessel Oregon II; the continu-
ation of conventional exploration for shrimp and
fish in the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and western
Atlantic; the efforts to implement the development
of the Florida calico scallop industry; and the activi-
ties of the Exploratory Data Center.

352. Upstream Passage of Anadromous Fish
Through Navigation Locks and Use of the
Stream for Spawning and Nursery Habitat
Cape Fear River, N.C, 1962-66. By Paul R.
Nichols and Darrell E. Louder. October 1970,
iv -I- 12 pp., 9 figs., 4 tables.

ABSTRACT
studies were made of the feasibility of using
navigation locks to pass anadromous fish upstream
during their spawning migration in lieu of installing
fi.shways. It was found that shad and other ana-
dromous fish will use the locks to move upstream
and locks may be used to restore, at least in part,
spawning i-uns above barriers. Continued studies
are needed to refine techniques for locking fish
upstream.

Data Report

(Hard copies of Data Reports Nos. 40 thru 47 are
for sale at $3.00 and microfiche copies for 65 cents
each— Nos. 48 and 49 are for sale at $10.00 and
microfiche copies for 6.5 cents each by the U.S. De-
partment of Commerce, National Technical Informa-
tion Service, .528.5 Port Royal Road, Springfield,
VA 22151.)

40. Larvae of Tuna and Frigate Mackerel
(Pisces, Scombridae) in the Northwestern
Gulf of Guinea and Off Sierra Leone, Geronitno
Cruise 5, 10 February to 19 April 1965. United
States Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries. By W. J. Richards,
David C. Simmons. Ann Jensen, and Walter
C. Mann. April 1970, 24 pp. on 1 microfiche.

ABSTRACT
The number of tuna and frigate mackerel larvae
are given by size class, and associated station
data are listed.

41. Spawning Ground Catalog of the Chignik
River System, Alaska. United States De-
partment of the Interior. Bureau of Commer-
cial Fisheries. Duane E. Phinney. January
1970, 147 pp. on 3 microfiche.

ABSTRACT
All known information about the sockeye salmon
runs and the spawning grounds of the Chignik
River System, Alaska, is cataloged in this report.
The system, which is composed of two lakes, Chignik
and Black, supports the largest run of sockeye
salmon on the south side of the Alaska Peninsula.
The catalog lists for each spawning stream or beach
the name, location, physical description, description
of the sockeye salmon runs, and a chronological
listing of the spawning ground surveys.

42. Temperature, Salinity, and Transparency
Observations, Coastal Gulf of Maine. 1962-
65. United States Department of the Interior,
Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. By Joseph
J. Graham. January 1970, 44 pp. on 1 micro-
fiche.

ABSTRACT
The observations are plotted for 11 cruises.
Temperature usually increased and salinity de-
creased from east to west along the coast. These
trends were complicated vertically by less tidal
mixing and larger river discharges in the west,
causing a more pronounced vertical stratification
there than in the east. Transparency usually in-
creased from inshore to offshore, and at times the
distribution of isolines of transparency agreed
closely with those of temperature.

43. Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, Total Alka-
linity, and Biochemical Oxygen Demand in
the Columbia River Estuary, 1966-67. United
States Department of the Interior. Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries. By Carl W. Sims, and
Carl J. Cederholm. January 1970, 34 pp. on
1 microfiche.

ABSTRACT
These data collected at 19 locations in the Co-

lumbia River estuary are presented as a reference
for researchers in fisheries or in water quality.

44. Stream Catalog of Southeastern Alaska
Regulatory Districts Nos. 10 and 11. United
States Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries. By E. J. Huizer, T.
H. Richardson, and Norman Johnston. Febru-
ary 1970, 268 pp. on 4 microfiche.

ABSTRACT
Information about part of Southeastern Alaska
salmon streams is cataloged from the voluminous
records of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game;
the Alaska Salmon Industry; the Fisheries Re-
search Institute of the University of Washington;
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Com-
mercial Fisheries; and other agencies. Stream des-
criptions, maps, and historical records of salmon
escapement data are compiled for 71 salmon streams
in Southeastern Alaska Regulatory Districts 10
and 11. Each stream is located geogi-aphically by
latitude and longitude and by orientation to prom-
inent landmasses. A standard numbering system,
number designations formerly in use, and common
names of streams are listed. Physical descriptions
are presented for the intertidal zone and the up-
stream area of each stream. Available records of
weather, water temperatures, and information
useful to ground and aerial stream surveyors are
presented in brief form. The species of salmon
using the spawning grounds and estimates of the
escapements each year for many years are given.

45. Stream Catalog of Southeastern Alaska
Regulatory Districts Nos. 14 and 15. United
States Department of the Interior. Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries. By E. J. Huizer, and
T. H. Richardson. February 1970, 209 pp. on
4 microfiche.

ABSTRACT
Information about part of Southeastern Alaska
salmon streams is cataloged from the voluminous
records of the Alaska Department of Fish and
Game; the Alaska Salmon Industry; the Fisheries
Research Institute of the University of Washington;
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Com-
mercial Fisheries; and other agencies. Stream des-
criptions, maps, and historical records of salmon
escapement data are compiled for 69 salmon streams
in Southeastern Alaska Regulatory Districts 14
and 15. Each stream is located geographically by
latitude and longitude and by orientation to prom-
inent landmasses. A standard numbering system,
number designations formerly in use, and common
names of streams are listed. Physical descriptions
are presented for the intertidal zone and the up-
stream areas of each stream. Available records of
weather, water temperatures, and information use-
ful to ground and aerial stream surveyors are
presented in brief form. The species of salmon using

the spawning prounds and estimates of the escape-
ments each year for many years are given.

46. Stream Catalog of Southeastern Alaska
Regulatory District No. 12. United States
Department of the Interior. Bureau of Com-
mercial Fisheries. By E. J. Huizer, T. Richard-
son, and C. C. Larson. March 1970, 223 pp.

on 4 microfiche.

ABSTRACT
Information about part of Southeastern .Alaska
salmon streams is cataloged from the voluminous
records of the Alaska Department of Fish and
Game; the Alaska Salmon Industry; the Fisheries
Research Institute of the University of Washington;
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Com-
mercial Fisheries; and other agencies. Stream
descriptions, maps, and historical records of salmon
excapement data are compiled for bS salmon streams
in Southeastern Alaska Regulatory District 12.
Each stream is located geographically by latitude
and longitude and by orientation to prominent land-
masses. A standard numbering system, number
designations formerly in use, and common names of
streams are listed. Physical descriptions are pre-
sented for the intertidal zone and the upstream
areas of each stream. Available records of weather,
water temperatures, and information useful to
ground and aerial stream surveyors are presented
in brief form. The species of salmon using the
spawning grounds and estimates of the escape-
ments each year for many years are given.

47. Stream Catalog of Southeastern Alaska
Regulatory District No. 13. United States
Department of the Interior. Bureau of Com-
mercial Fisheries. By James W. Parker.
March 1970, 326 pp. on 5 microfiche.
ABSTRACT
Information about part of Southeastern Alaska
salmon streams is cataloged from the voluminous
records of the Alaska Department of Fish and
Game; the Alaska Salmon Industry; the Fisheries
Research Institute of the University of Washington;
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Com-
mercial Fisheries; and other agencies. Stream des-
criptions, maps, and historical records of salmon
escapement data are compiled for i)il salmon streams
in Southeastern .Alaska Regulatory District Vi.
Each stream is located geographically by latitude
and by orientation to prominent landmasses. A
standard numbering system, number designations
formerly in use, and common names of streams are
listed. Physical descriptions are presented for the
intertidal zone and the upstream area of each
stream. Available records of weather, water tem-
peratures, and information useful to ground and
aerial stream surveyors are presented in brief form.
The species of salmon using the spawning grounds
and estimates of the escapements each year for
many years are given.

48. Physical-Chemical Oceanographic Data
from the North Pacific Ocean, 1966-68. United
States Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries. W. J. Ingraham, Jr.
and D. M. Fisk. June 1970, 683 pp. on 10

microfiche.

ABSTRACT
Temperature and salinity data collected during
six cruises of the RV George B. Kelez and one
cruise of the RV Miller Freeman in the central and
northeastern Pacific Ocean are presented. These
data were compiled from lr>G N'ansen bottle casts
and 494 STD casts.

49. Materials for the Study of Changes in Ap-
parent Abundance of Tunas in the Indian
Ocean, 1952-65. United States Department of
the Interior. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries.
B. J. Rothschild and M. Y. Y. Yong. June
1970, 349 pp. on 6 microfiche.

ABSTRACT
Data have been summarized on CPUE (catch-
per-unit-of-effort) for the yellowfin tuna, bigeye
tuna, southern bluefin tuna, and albacore, for each
10-degree quadrangle of the Indian Ocean. The
summarization includes (1) estimates of CPUE of
each tuna species for each month (19.52-6.5) and
10-degree quadrangle of the Indian Ocean; (2) plots
of a least-squares polynoniinal showing the observed
and fitted points of CPUE as a time-series for each
10-degree quadrangle; and (.3) tables giving the
actual values of CPUE, the predicted values, and
the residual values as functions of time for each
lO-degree quadrangle.

Fishery Industrial Research

Vol. 6, No. 1. Commercial Feasibility of Irradi-
ating Haddock and Cod Fillets: Introduction.
By John D. Kaylor and Edward J. Murphy.

pp. 1-3, 1 fig.

ABSTRACT
In the studies introduced by this report, three
questions were asked: Is a high enough proportion
of haddock and cod, as landed in New England,
fresh enough to justifj- their being irradiated? (2)
Is the temperature of fish during commercial dis-
tribution by common carrier sufficiently low to
preserve the quality of the fish? (3) Can haddock
and cod fillets be irradiated and shipped on a com-
mercial scale and still exhibit a significantly in-
creased shelf life at iced temperatures? The data
collected in the studies indicate that the answer
to each of the three questions is "yes."

Vol. 6, No. 1. Recommendations for Handling
and Icing Fresh Pacific Halibut Aboard
Vessels. By Wayne Tretsven and Harold

Barnett. pp. 5-13, 5 figs., 1 table.
ABSTRACT
The icinp of halibut aboard the fishing vessel
sometimes is inadequate to minimize the loss of
quality during the trip. Observations made of icing
and other handling practices aboard halibut vessels
serve as the basis for the recommendations sug-
gested here for improving the method of handling.
Adhering to these recommendations will help the
fisherman land halibut of more uniform quality.

Vol. 6, No. 1. Phycocolloids. By Norman W. Dur-
rani and F. Bruce Sanford. pp. 15-51, 45 figs.
ABSTRACT
Although phycocolloids — gelatinous materials
produced from seaweeds — are economically impor-
tant, they are not widely known materials. This
paper discusses the three principal phycoUoids manu-
factured in this country — namely, agar-agar, algin,
and carrageenan — and outlines the ways they are
produced and the ways they are used. At the manu-
facturer's level, these three phycocolloids are worth
about 1.5 million dollars a year to the United States.

Vol. 6, No. 2. Machine for Separating Northern
Shrimp, Pandalus borealin, from Fish and
Trash in the Catch. By Michael G. Corbett.
pp. 53-62, 8 figs.

ABSTRACT
Because of the labor required in separating
northern shrimp from the unwanted components
of the catch that are taken along with it, this valu-
able resource in the Gulf of Maine is not harvested
to the e.xtent possible. Consequently, a machine
was developed to separate the shrimp from the
bulk of groundfish and other species taken in trawl
catches during exploratory and commercial fishing.
Its use eliminates the laborious task of sorting the
catch by hand, yet the separator recovers about
95 percent of the shrimp that are fed into it, while
eliminating about 90 percent of the trash.

Vol. 6, No. 2. Recommendations for the Sanitary
Operation of Plants that Process Fresh and
Frozen Fish. By J. Perry Lane. pp. 63-82.
ABSTR.\CT
The problem of sanitation in food -processing
plants is receiving increasing attention from Federal
and State regulatory agencies, as well as private
industry. This article covers recommended guide-
lines that can assist the processors of fresh and
frozen fish in evaluating their existing sanitation
practices or in establishing new ones.

Vol. 6, No. 2. Tow-Bar System for Seining Farm
Ponds. By Kenneth L. Coon and James E.
Ellis, pp. 83-88, 5 figs.

ABSTRACT
The farm-pond fish-raising industry has needed
mechanized methods to lower the cost of harvesting

the fish. This report describes equipment and its
operation for hauling a small seine with farm
tractors or trucks if the pond has levees or a shore
that can accommodate these vehicles. The equip-
ment works well with ponds up to 4.50 feet wide
and of any length.

Vol. 6, No. 2. Preliminary Study of the Proxi-
mate Composition of Meat of Fur Seal, Cal-
lorhitius ursinus. By Richard W. Nelson and
Harold J. Barnett. pp. 89-92, 4 tables.
ABSTRACT
Finding profitable uses for the carcasses of fur
seal has presented a problem to the Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries. As a part of an effort to
encourage use of the carcasses, several separate
lots of meat and ground eviscerated carcasses were
analyzed to determine proximate chemical com-
position. In this preliminary study, individual
carcasses and samples from lots of ground carcasses
were high in protein content and variable in oil
content. Analyses of small samples of male and
female seals taken at different times during the
harvesting season indicated that variation in com-
position did not correlate with the time of sampling
nor with the sex of the animal.

Vol. 6, No. 3. Feasibility of Using Tennessee
River Fish for Fishery Products. By Richard
A. Krzeczkowski. pp. 93-103, 4 tables.
ABSTRACT
Populations of reservoir fishes are dominated by
species that are of no interest to sport fisherman
and that are of low market value. Yet a useful
outlet is needed for them. Would they perhaps be
suitable for the production offish meal?

In partial answer to this complex question, the
present study investigated the nutritional aspects
of some of the principal species of fishes growing
abundantly in reservoirs. In this connection, carp,
freshwater drum, gizzard shad, and threadfin shad
from the Tennessee River (specifically, Kentucky
Lake) were harvested commercially and were
rendered into press cake and fish meal. The seasonal
variations in proximate analyses, the composition
of extracted fish oil, the presence or absence of
thiaminase in the materials, the concentration of
DDT and DDE, and the comparative value of the
fish meal in broiler rations were determined. The
study indicated that these species of fishes are
nutritionally and physically suitable for the pro-
duction offish press cake, meal, and oil.

Vol. 6, No. 3. Economic Study of the San Pedro
Wetfish Boats. By William F. Perrin and
Bruno G. Noetzel. pp. 105-138, 11 figs., 24
tables.

ABSTRACT
The San Pedro wetfish fleet is shrinking in size
and is not yielding good wages for fishermen or
good returns to investors. A study was made to

determine if improvement of the economic state of
the antiquated fleet mijrht be accomplished by the
construction of new, efficient vessels, both for re-
placements and for expansion of the fleet to harvest
underused stocks of jack mackerel and anchovies
in the region of the California Current. The in-
vestiRation yielded two conclusions: (1) the con-
struction of new vessels — even if subsidized — is
not economically feasible at present rates of catch
and prices of fish and (2) the expansion of the
fleet through acquisition of surplus vessels from
other fisheries at relatively favorable cost is feasible,
given sufficient demand for wetfish at present prices.

Vol. 6, No. 3. Commercial Feasibility of Irradi-
ating Haddock and Cod Fillets-1. Quality of
Haddock as Landed at Boston, Massachusetts.
By John D. Kay lor and Edward J. Murphy.
pp. 139-145, 3 tables.

ABSTRACT
Successful commercial preservation of fresh fish
fillets by irradiation requires that raw material of
a level of quality suitable for irradiation be avail-
able. To determine the amount of haddock, McUitio-
grammns aei/lefiiiitx, landed in Boston by the New
England offshore fleet that meet this level, we
surveyed the Boston haddock fishery. About 78 per-
cent of the haddock landed were of a level of
quality high enough to warrant their being irradi-
ated. Because haddock and cod, Gadiis »iorhi((i, are
handled similarily, this conclusion also applies to
cod. Thus, the quality of fish would not be a problem
in the irradiation preservation of fresh haddock
and cod fillets.

Vol. 6, No. 3. Commercial Feasibility of Irradi-
ating Haddock and Cod Fillets-2. Tempera-
ture Patterns During Shipments of Fresh
Fillets By Truck and By Rail. By John D.
Kaylor and Edward J. Murphy, pp. 147-154,
7 tables.

ABSTRACT
For fresh haddock and cod fillets to be irradiated
and shipped commercially to distant points in the
United States, the fillets must be kept near the
temperature of ice during distribution. To check
on the temperatures to be expected, we surveyed
the principal methods of commercial distribution
of fresh fishery products. We found that present
commercial methods of distributing fresh haddock
fillets result in fillet temperatures that average less
than 40° F., a temperature that would be sufficiently
low to permit shipment of irradiated fillets to the
most distant parts of the country.

Vol. 6, No. 3 Author Index to Publications and
Addresses — 1968, Bureau of Commercial
Fisheries Branch of Technology and Branch
of Reports (Seattle). By Helen E. Plastino

and Mary S. Fukuyama. pp. 155-162.

(Xo abstract)

Vol. 6, No. 4. Machine Separation of Edible
Flesh from Fish. By David Miyauchi and
Maynard Steinberg, pp. 165-171, 2 figs., 3
tables.

ABSTRACT
Meeting the expanding demand for fishery- pro-
ducts will require us to utilize the undeveloped
fisheries and the industrial fisheries as sources of
food. This use. in turn, will require us to develop
foods that are new and that are unique in appear-
ance, palatability or nutritional qualities. One step
we can take toward this goal is to recover a higher
yield of edible flesh from fish economically. By use
of a flesh-separating machine, such as the one
reported upon here, we can significantly increase
the yield of edible flesh.

Vol. 6, No. 4. Blueing of Processed Crab Meat 1.
A Study of Processing Procedures That May
Cause a Blue Discoloration in Pasteurized
Crab Meat. By Melvin E. Waters, pp. 173-183,
3 tables.

ABSTRACT
Although the yearly economic loss due to the
sporadic blueing of canned pasteurized crab meat
usually is small, processors understandably are
anxious to avoid this problem.

To study the causes of blue discoloration, I varied
the commercial methods. Pasteurizing at tempera-
tures above 170° F. (regardless of processing time)
causes some blueing of the meat. Aging the meat
before pasteurizing it shortened its shelf life but
did not cause blueing. Exposing the meat to the
metal of cans as well as to bits of solder placed in
the meat also did not cause blueing. Heating the
meat at 170° V. for .S minutes was adequate to
pasteurize meat containing 40 x 10^ microorganisms
per gram and resulted in a product free from blueing
during a shelf life of more than 12 months.

Vol. 6, No. 4. The Ocean Quahog, Arctica islaud-
ica, resource of the Northwestern Atlantic.
By Phillip S. Parker and Ernest D. McRae,
Jr. pp. 185-195, 5 figs., 4 tables.
ABSTRACT
The ocean quahog is a species of marine clam.
Some of the anatomical differences between it and
the hard clam. Mcicoiariii iiieiceiiaria, are dis-
cussed. The range and population density of the
ocean quahog in Continental Shelf areas off the
Atlantic seaboard vary considerably with changes
in water depths and bottom sediments.

Much of the basic information for this article
was gathered during the survey of the surf clam,
Spisula solidisxima, by the Bureau of Commercial
Fisheries. The gear, method used, procedure, and

10

results of the survey pertinent to ocean quahogs
are presented.

The ocean quahoK resource is Kenerally unused.
It is waiting for anyone willing to reap the harvest.

Fishery Leaflet

627. List of Fishery Cooperatives in the United
States, 1969-70. By U.S. Department of the
Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bur-
eau of Commercial Fisheries. June 1970, iii +
13 pp.

ABSTRACT
Seventy-eight fishery cooperatives in 15 States
and Puerto Rico are listed. Also included in most
instances are the name of one of the officers of each
co-op, the number of members, the number of boats
owned by members, the type of cooperative, and
the major species offish and shellfish caught.

628. Available Fishery Bulletins of the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service. By U.S. Depart-
ment of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries.
February 1970, 11 pp.

ABSTRACT
Fishery Bulletins are technical reports on scien-
tific investigations of fishery biology. The Bulletin
of the United States Fish Commission was begun
in 1881; it became the Bulletin of the Bureau of
Fisheries in 1904 and the Fisheiy Bulletin of the
Fish and Wildlife Service in 1941. Separates were
issued as documents through volume 46; the last
document was No. 1103. Beginning with volume
47 in 1931 and continuing through volume 62 in
1963, each separate appeared as a numbered Bul-
letin. A new system began in 1963 with volume 63,
in which papers are bound together in a single
number of the Bulletin. Available Bulletins are
distrubuted free to libraries and to a limited
number of universities and other scientific co-
operators. A listing of all Bulletins in volumes 47
through 6.5 is distributed free by the Division of
Publications, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, 1801
N. Moore St., Arlington, VA. 22209. If you need
this complete listing, please ask for Fishery Leaflet
597.

629. Fishery Motion Pictures. By U.S. Depart-
ment of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Bureau of Commercial Fisheries.
May 1970, iii + 28 pp.

(No abstract)

630. A Brief History of Commercial Fishing in
Lake Erie. By Vernon C. Applegate and
Harry D. Van Meter. April 1970, iii + 28 pp.,
8 figs., 16 photos, 1 app. table.

ABSTRACT
Salient features of the development of the industry
from about 1815 to 1968, changes in fishing gears
and methods, changes in the kinds and abundance
of fishes caught, and the attendant effects of disap-
pearing species on the stability of the fishery are
described. The history and present status of the
walleye, yellow perch, and eight other fishes, still
taken in commercial quantities, are presented in
more detail and are considered in the context of
their effect on the current moribund state of the
U.S. fishery. Past and present contributions of
Lake Erie's tributaries and northerly connecting
waters to the fishery are outlined briefly. The "out-
look" for the fishery under present conditions of
selective overfishing for high-value species, ex-
cessive pollution, ineffective and uncoordinated
regulation, and antiquated methods of handling,
processing, and marketing fish are discussed, and
possible solutions to these problems are suggested.

631. Alaska's Fishery Resources — The Shrimps.
By Louis Barr. January 1970, iii + 10 pp.,
7 figs., 1 table.

ABSTRACT

Shrimp fishing began in Alaska over 50 years
ago. Recently the annual domestic catch has been
as high as 40 million pounds. Japanese and Soviet
Union fishermen operating in Alaska waters have
caught as much as 70 million pounds annually in
recent years.

The five commercially important shrimp of Alaska
belong to the family Pandalidae; the most important
is the pink shrimp, P<nid(iliis borealis. The com-
plicated life histories of these shrimp are all similar.
The shrimp develop first as males and after several
years transform to females, which they remain for
the rest of their lives.

United States fishermen use otter trawls, beam
trawls, and pots, and deliver their catch to ports
in Alaska; foreign fishermen use larger otter trawls
and process the catch at sea.

The Alaska Department of Fish and Game and
the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries are studying
shrimp. They are sampling the commercial catch,
trying to improve the product, and conducting ex-
ploratory fishing and biological research.

632. Alaska's Fishery Resources — The Chum
Salmon. By Theodore R. Merrell, Jr. June
1970, iii -I- 7 pp., 6 figs., 2 tables.

ABSTRACT
The chum salmon, Oticorhy)ichiis ketit. is the
most widely distributed and second most abundant
of the five Pacific salmon. It is one of Alaska's
valuable fishery resources. Chum salmon spawn in
late summer and fall — some in small streams near
the ocean and others in large rivers in which they
travel as far as 1,500 miles from the ocean. The
young hatch in midwinter but stay in the stream
gravel until spring, when they emerge and migrate
to sea. They spend 2 to 4 years in the sea and weigh

11

about 10 pounds when they return to spawn and
die in their native stream. Most chum salmon are
taken in purse seines and are canned; hundreds of
thousands are caught in jrill nets and fish wheels
for human and dog food. This fishery is mostly in
the large rivers that run into the Bering and
Chukchi Seas of northern Alaska. Little biological
research has been done on chum salmon, so less
is known about them than any other Pacific salmon.

633. Diversion and Collection of Juvenile Fish
with Traveling Screens. By Daniel W. Bates.

March 1970, 6 pp., 6 figs.

.ABSTR.ACT

A horizontal traveling screen, suitable for screen-
ing fish or debris from powerplant water intakes
or irrigation diversions, was designed and operated
by the Bureau of Commercial F'isheries during 196.5-
69. The structure consisted of a vertically hung,
endless belt or wire-cloth screen panels, flush with
the face of the water intake structure or at an angle
to the direction of flow.

Field tests in different water approach velocities,
with the screen traveling at various rates, proved
that such a facility can be operated efficiently. The
horizontal traveling screen, as described here,
should contribute materially to the development of
an efficient, relatively low-cost diversion facility
for fish and debris.

Special Scientific Report — Fisheries

586. The Trade Wind Zone Oceanography Pilot
Study Part VII: Observations of Sea Birds
March 1964 to June 1965. By Warren B. King.
June 1970. vi + 136 pp., 36 figs., 11 tables, 2
app. tables.

ABSTRACT

Sea birds were observed by scientists of the
Smithsonian Institution's Pacific Ocean Biological
Survey Program on a systematic basis in the central
Pacific Ocean for 1.5 months as part of the Trade
Wind Zone Oceanography Program of the Bureau
of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory,
Honolulu. Hawaii. Two experienced observers al-
ternated watches each day from sunrise to sunset.
Every bird sighted was identified and logged, along
with the time and location of observation, the
number of birds in the sighting, and, when possible,
their age, sex, plumage, molt, behavior, direction of
flight, and any other information that might prove
pertinent. Twenty-five birds that were captured
alive were banded, and 18 birds were collected to
help verify sight records of species seldom or never
recorded previously in the central Pacific. In .'5,561.1
hours of observation, 1:5,080 sightings were made
of 65,707 birds along the replicate cioiise track
covering :34,:584 nautical miles {63,610 km.)

The distribution and abundance of each of the
51 species or field-recognizable subspecies observed
within the study area were treated on a monthly and

seasonal basis and discussed in the light of the
island of origin and breeding phenology of each
species. The abundance of sea birds was examined
in relation to environmental conditions to show the
extent of their association.

The composition, distribution, and abundance of
flocks of sea birds were analyzed.

587-590. Published in 1969.

591. A Bibliography of the Lobsters, Genus
Homarus. By R. D. Lewis. January 1970, i +
47 pp.

ABSTRACT
A total of 1,303 references are given.

592. Passage of Adult Salmon and Trout
Through Pipes. By Emil Slatick. January
1970. iii + 18 pp.. 8 figs.. 12 tables.

ABSTRACT
Pipes, which are relatively inexpensive and easily
installed, are an economical and efficient solution
to certain problems of fish passage at dams and at
other obstacles blocking migratory routes. The
purposes of this study (1963-64) were to determine:
(1) if adult salmon and trout at Bonneville Dam
on the Columbia River would use a pipe as a pas-
sageway and ("2) how the conditions at the entrance
and within the pipe, diameter and length, illumina-
tion, and flow would influence passage. The pipes
were 0.3, 0.6. and 0,9 m. in diameter and were "27.4
to 82.3 m. long. Chinook salmon (OtKorhytichiis
tshawytscha), sockeye salmon (O. nerka). coho
salmon (O. kisutch), and steelhead trout iSahno
gai)d)ieri) passed through unilluminated pipes up
to 82.3 m. long. Of the four species tested, only
steelhead trout appeared to benefit appreciably
from illumination. For distances up to 82.3 m., a
0.6-m. -diameter pipe was large enough to pass all
salmon and trout. The fish passed through a 0.6-m.-
diameter pipe when it was flooded or partly filled
with water, but did not readily enter a 0.3-m. pipe
until special conditions of water velocity and transi-
tion from pool to pipe were provided.

593. Published in 1969.

594. Seasonal and Areal Distribution of Zoo-
plankton in Coastal Waters of the Gulf of
Maine, 1967 and 1968. By Kenneth Sherman.
July 1970, iii + 8 pp., 6 figs.. 3 tables.

ABSTRACT
The abundance, composition, and seasonal vari-
ations in the distribution of zooplankton are des-
cribed. Thirteen taxa were among the more abundant
zooplankters in the samples: 6 were holoplanktonic,
and 7 were meroplanktonic. Copepods were the
dominant zooplankters during all seasons in both
years. Zooplankton volumes were highest in the
western area (Cape Ann to Cape Elizabeth), inter-

12

mediate in the central area (Cape Elizabeth to Mt.
Desert Island), and lowest in the eastern sector
(Mt. Desert Island to Machias Bay). The differences
in zooplankton abundance among areas and between
years were caused by variations in the timing of
vernal warming and coastal differences in water
column stability and circulation.

595. Size, Seasonal Abundance, and Length-
Weight Relation of Some Scombrid Fishes
from Southeast Florida. By Grant L. Beards-
ley, Jr., and William J. Richards. May 1970,
iii -t- 6 pp., 5 figs., 2 tables.

ABSTRACT
Seven species of scombrid fishes were sampled for
length and weight at a taxidermy firm for 1 year
(September 1967-September 1968). These data yield-
ed information on size distribution and seasonal
abundance of the species off south Florida. In addi-
tion, length-weight relations and calculated weights
at given lengths are presented.

596. Fecundity, Multiple Spawning, and Des-
cription of the Gonads in Sebastodes. By John
S. MacGregor. March 1970, iii + 12 pp., 6
figs., 7 tables.

ABSTRACT
More than .50 species of Sebastodes, an ovovivi-
parous genus of scorpaenid fishes, occur off the
California coast. In the ovaries of nine species
examined, evidence of two spawnings per spawn-
ing season was found in three (S. ovalis, S. con-
stellatits, S. paitcispinis) but not in the other
six (S. carnatits, S. rosaceiis, S. serriceps, S. ser-
ranoides, S. atrovirens, S. rnberrimns). Two spawn-
ings were indicated by either (1) small numbers of
advanced larvae entrapped in the ovaries and as-
sociated with full complements of developing eggs
or early embyros or (2) a secondary group of de-
veloping eggs along with about equal numbers of
advanced embryos. The relative number of eggs
or embryos was lower in the three species that
gave evidence of two spawnings (162 eggs or
embryos per gram of fish) than in the other six
species (280 eggs or embryos per gram offish).

597. Fur Seal Investigations, 1967. By Marine
Mammal Biological Laboratory. March 1970,
vii -I- 104 pp., 31 figs., 79 tables.

ABSTRACT

Totals of 55,720 male northern fur seals (Cal-
lorhhiits iirsiiius) and 10,471 females were killed
on the Pribilof Islands in 1967. The predicted kill
of males was 56,200. Counts of dead seals on the
rookeries included 17,426 pups, 155 adult males,
and 185 adult females. Counts of live adult males
were 8,876 harem and 5,707 idle.

Major causes of death amoung 232 pups were
malnutrition, liver damage-multiple hemorrhage-
perinatal complex, hookworm disease, and infections.

Thirty-four percent of 1,255 females age 4 and older
had given birth to pups. The mean weights of pups
from four rookeries differed significantly. Seals
tagged included 12,472 pups, 835 yearlings, and
1,200 of ages 2 to 4; 115 pups were marked by
freeze branding. A total of 5,435 seals tagged on the
Pribilof Islands were recovered there in 1967 as
were 31 seals tagged by the U.S.S.R. on the Com-
mander Islands or on Robben Island.

.\n estimated 377,000 pups were born on the
Pribilof Islands in 1965 and 385,000 in 1967. The
estimate of yearling males in 1963 from the 1962
year class was 79,000; in 1965 the estimate of
yearlings from the 1964 year class was 129,000. The
predicted kill of 2 -to 5-year-old males on the Pribilof
Islands in 1968 is 49,500.

An artificial formula supplemented with selenium,
vitamin E, methionine, and glycerin, was superior
to an unsupplemented formula for maintaining fur
seal pups in captivity.

During pelagic fur seal investigations, seals were
most commonly seen within 111 km. (60 nautical
miles) of land in January and February, and most
were collected off Cape Flattery and westward to
La Perouse Bank. Of 835 fur seals sighted off
Washington, 131 were collected, 27 were wounded
and lost, and 21 were killed and lost. Of 118 female
seals collected, 57 percent were gravid; the youngest
were three primiparous and one multiparous 5-
year-olds.

Salmonidae (Onckorhynchiis spp.) and Pacific
herring (Clupea harengus pallasi) were the principal
species eaten by seals off Washington. Shrimp were
found for the first time in fur seal stomachs.

We saw 32 seals and collected 1 during studies of
distribution in the Bering Sea and in waters near
the eastern Aleutian Islands from 20 November to
4 December 1966.

One of us observed Japanese pelagic fur seal
research in April and May 1967. We saw two fur
seals off northern California in September and none
off Washington and Oregon in August and Septem-
ber 1967.

On the basis of gastrointestinal contents and
parasites, 9 of 20 pups had fed on marine organisms
while still on the Pribilof Islands.

598. Published in 1969.

599. Diagnostic Characters of Juveniles of the
Shrimps Pe)iaeiis aztecits aztecns, P. duora-
nim duorarum, and P. brasiliensis (Crusta-
cea, Decapoda, Penaeidae). By Isabel Perez
Farfante. February 1970, iii -I- 26 pp., 25 figs.

ABSTRACT
Illustrated tables are presented for the identi-
fication and sex determination of juveniles (with
carapace lengths of 8 mm. or more) of three grooved
shrimps of the genus Penaeus occurring in various
areas along the North American Atlantic coast, in
the Gulf of Mexico, and in the Bermudas. Included

13

is an account of the development of the petasmata,
thelyca, and appendices masculinae.

600. Birectilinear Recruitment Curves to Assess
Influence of Lake Size on Survival of Sockeye
Salmon (OncorliyHcltiix nerka) to Bristol Bay
and Forecast Runs. By Ralph P. Silliman.
March 1970, iii + 9 pp., 13 figs., 2 tables.

ABSTR.ACT
Comparison of the sizes of latces and the sizes of
sockeye salmon runs to Bristol Bay shows that the
two variables are closely related. Birectilinear
reproduction curves express quantitatively the
dependence of small returns on escapement num-
bers and of large returns on lake capacity. Com-
parison of "hindcasts" from the birectilinear curves
with published forecasts for 1961-67 showed that
those from the birectilinear curves were closest to
the actual returns. This situation changed in 1968-
69. A composite of birectilinear return estimates
and "probability tree" age allocations is worth con-
sidering.

601. Effect of Flow on Performance and Be-
havior of Chinook Salmon in Fishways. By
Clark S. Thompson. March 1970, iii + 11 pp.,
8 figs., 3 tables.

ABSTRACT

Adult fall-run chinook slamon {Oiicorhyttchiis
tshawytscha) were studied during plunging and
streaming conditions of flow in a pool-and-overfall
fishway that permitted recycling of fish after each
completed circuit. P^lows were controlled by adjust-
ment of valves in a lock at the head of the fishway.
Individual fish were timed as they ascended a
specified number of pools un(ler each condition.

Combined data on the performance of individual
fish and comparisons of combined data from all fish
tested suggest that plunging and streaming flows
may be equally suitable for the passage of chinook
salmon in a pool-and-overfall fishway. .About 60
percent of the fish ascended slightly faster in the
streaming flow, but the average rate of ascent for
all fish was slightly higher in a plunging flow.

Orientation of the fish is described in relation to
type and velocity of flow. Most fish preferred to
rest in the lower downstream quadrant of the pool
in the plunging flow; conversely, the lower upstream
quadrant was preferred in a streaming flow. Resting
fish always faced the current.

602. Biological Characteristics of I ntertidal and
Fresh-Water Spawning Pink Salmon at Olsen
Creek, Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1962-
63. By John H. Helle. May 1970, iii -I- 19 pp.,
11 figs., 5 tables.

ABSTRACT
Prince William Sound is unique among major
pink salmon-producing areas in that a significant
portion of the spawning takes place in the inter-

tidal zones of streams. Olsen Creek is one of the
major spawning streams in the sound.

The percentage of fines (solids passing through
an 0.833-mm. sieve) in spawning-bed materials in-
creased progressively from higher to lower intertidal
levels, i.e., higher intertidal levels contained
coarser spawning gravel than lower levels.

Although less than one-third of the spawning area
available in the Olsen Creek drainage is subject to
tidal influence, 70 percent of the total pink salmon
spawners occupied this area in 196li and 30 percent
in 1963. Late-run fish of the even-year line spawned
only in the intertidal area; fish of both the early
and late runs of the odd-year line spawned in both
the intertidal and fresh-water areas. The size of
the spawning populations was estimated by a
repetitive stream survey technique, which is des-
cribed and compared with the three methods used
in 1960 and 1961.

The length of pink salmon was compared between
sexes, between spawning areas, and between times
of spawning. F'ish in the even-year line that spawned
in the small intertidal creeks tended to be smaller
than those that used the main stream, but in the
odd-year line this difference was confined to females.
The mean lengths of females were about the same
in 1962 and 1963, but females from the odd-year
line were more fecund. In both years a significant
positive correlation was shown between lengths
of females and numbers of eggs.

603. Di.stribution and Abundance of F^ish in the
Yakima River, Wash., April 1957 to May
1958. By Benjamin G. Patten, Richard B.
Thompson, and William D. Gronlund. June
1970, iii -I- 31 pp., 26 figs., 37 tables.
ABSTRACT
Fish were collected from the main stem (lower
281 km.) of the river at 2-month intervals. Native
fish consisted of six families, with 23 species and
three hybrids; exotic fish consisted of five families
with 10 species. The water temperature from the
mouth of the river to 14.5 km. upstream was high
in summer compared with the stretch between
km. 153 and 281. Eleven species were taken princi-
pally from the lower 145 km. of the river; 14 other
species were taken mostly from the upper area.
The greatest numbers of fish were collected from the
mouth to km. 64 and from km. 120 to 177. These
abundances coincided with centers of abundance of
the families Cyprinidae and Catostomidae. Ontrar-
chids were abundant below km. 97. and Cotidae and
Salmonidae were most abuntant above km. 161. The
fewest fish were collected between km. 72 and 89,
possibly because of slow current, high summer
temperatures, and a muddy bottom. Seasonal dis-
tribution and abundance of each species are dis-
cussed. Although cyprinids and catostomids were
the most abundant fish, salmon (genus Oiicurhyiicns)
and trout (genus Sahno) are the most valuable to
man. Trout and juvenile salmon were most common
from km. 1.t3 to 281.

14

604. The Flora and Fauna of a Basin in Central
Florida Bay. By J. Harold Hudson, Donald
M. Allen, and T. J. Costello. May 1970. iii +
14 pp., 2 figs., 1 table.

ABSTRACT
One hundred ninety-six species of plants and
animals are reported from a nursery area for pink
shrimp, Petiaeus ditoranini (iKoranini, in a basin
of central Florida Bay. Many of the organisms are
benthic and associated with shallow beds of turtle
grass, Tlialassia testHtlhiKin. Although abi-upt
habitat variations may affect species distribution,
the general distribution of organisms in the basin
and bay defines environments influenced by different
water masses.

605. Contributions to the Life Histories of
Several Penaeid Shrimps (Penaeidae) along
the South Atlantic Coast of the United States.
By William W. Anderson. May 1970, iii +
24 pp., 15 figs., 12 tables.

ABSTRACT
Shrimp, the most valuable fishery resource of the
south Atlantic coast of the United States, contribut-
ed about 40 percent of the $27 million exvessel
value of all fishery landings in the area in 1966.
Three species of shallow-water penaeid shrimps are
of greatest commercial importance: white shrimp,
Penaeus setiferus; brown shrimp, P. azteciis; and
pink shrimp, P. duoraridii. The shrimp fishery is
reviewed for trends in yield for the area as a unit,
by States, and by species, for the 10-year period
1958-67. A trend toward steady decline in total
shrimp landings is indicated. During studies on the
white shrimp along the south Atlantic coast of the
United States in 1931-35, data were obtained on the
brown shrimp; the sea bob, XiphopetieKS kroyeri;
and Trachypeneus constrictus. Observations were
also made on the pink shrimp from operations of
the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries RA' Oregon
of northeast Florida near Cape Kennedy in 196.5-67.
This report presents size distribution, ovary de-
velopment, and sex ratios of the several species
of shrimp, and includes limited information on
spawning season.

606. Annotated References on the Pacific Saury,
Cololabis saira. By Steven E. Hughes. June
1970, iii + 12 pp.

ABSTRACT
The pertinent literature on the saury is reviewed,
because of the recent interest in developing a
fishery for this species along the west coast of the
United States. Over three-fourths of the 72 refer-
ences concern Japanese or So\iet reports on their
saury stocks and fishing industries. The annotations
briefly describe the nature of the research and
summarize the important results or conclusions.
A subject-author index is provided.

607. Studies on Continuous Transmission Fre-
quency Modulated Sonar. By Frank J. Hester.
June 1970, iii + 26 pp. 1st paper. Sonar
Target Classification Experiments with a
Continuous-Transmission Doppler Sonar. By
Frank J. Hester, pp. 1-20, 14 figs., 4 tables.

ABSTRACT
A continuous-transmission sonar with very fine
echo frequency discrimination was designed and
constructed to study Doppler effects caused by the
motion of fish as they relate to fish size and swim-
ming characteristics. Although the equipment per-
formed as theory predicted, difficulties with sea
noise and trouble in maintaining contact with fish
schools showed that commercial application of this
approach is unsuitable without considerable ad-
ditional development work. These problems and
some results are discussed, and notes on target-
strength measurements of several species of fishes
are included in this report.

(607.) Studies on Continuous Transmission
Frequency Modulated Sonar. By Frank J.
Hester. June 1970, iii -I- 26 pp. 2nd paper.
Acoustic Target Strength of Several Species
of Fish. By H. W. Volberg. June 1970, pp. 21-
26, 10 figs.

ABSTRACT
To design fish-finding sonar equipment it is neces-
sary to have information about target strengths of
fish. This study was made principally to determine
the target strength of tunas at several acoustic
frequencies. In addition, measurements were made
on other living, dead, fresh, and frozen fresh-water
and salt-water fishes, some without swim bladders.

608. Preliminary Designs of Traveling Screens
to Collect Juvenile Fish. 1st paper, Traveling
Screens for Collection of Juvenile Salmon
(Models I and II). By Daniel W. Bates and
John G. Vanderwalker. July 1970, v + 1-5

pp., 6 figs., 1 table.

ABSTRACT
Two horizontal traveling screens were designed
and operated for 2 years at the Carson National
Fish Hatchery, Carson, Wash. Deflection efficiencies
were 100 percent in 37 tests of over 11,000 juvenile
coho, Oiicorhynchus kisutch, and chinook salmon,
O. tshawytscha. The screens demonstrated their
potential capacity to divert young salmon moving
upstream.

(608.) Preliminary Designs of Traveling
Screens to Collect Juvenile Fish. July 1970,
V -I- 15 pp. 2nd paper. Design and Operation
of a Cantilevered Traveling Fish Screen
(Model V). By Daniel W. Bates, Ernest W.
Murphey, and Earl F. Prentice, pp. 6-15,

15

10 figs., 1 teble.

ABSTRACT

Model V was installed within the Stanfield li-
riKation Canal near Echo, Oreg. The Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries developed the screen to meet
the need for improved jruidinK of juvenile fish of all
sizes and to reduce capital and operational costs.

Field tests with the model V screen showed a
head loss of only 9.1 mm. with waterflow of 73
centimeters per second. From 97 to 100 percent of
the juvenile migrant coho salmon, Oucorhyiichus
kisutch, and steelhead trout, Salmo gairdneri, that
entered the Stanfield Irrigation Canal were diverted
into a bypass.

The self-cleaning screen, supported by a wire-
rope suspension system, traverses the 8..i m. wide,
1.8 m. deep, earth-lined section of the canal at a 20°
angle to the waterflow. Torsion induced in the
structure by water forces on the screen is resisted
by a main torque tube with track support arms
placed at intervals along the tube. The support arms
are tied with wire rope to anchors on shore. To
minimize drag, the speed of the screen in the water
can be matched to water velocity and the screen
returned upstream above the water. Screen panels
are cantilevered from carriers on a continuous track.

609. Annotated Bibliography of Zooplankton
Sampling Devices. By Jack W. Jossi. July
1970, iii -I- 90 pp.

ABSTRACT
The bibliography gives references to publications
issued since 1873. It has information on many
characteristics of these devices. The references are
listed by author and by KWIC inde.x.

610. Limnological Study of Lower Columbia
River, 1967-68. By Shirley M. Clark and
George R. Snyder. July 1970, iii -I- 14 pp.,

15 figs., 11 tables.

ABSTRACT
Limnological data were collected from late July
1967 through December 1968 at seven sampling
stations from above the mouth of the Willamette
River to below Puget Island. Items studied were:
physical (water temperature, turbidity, conductivity,
and salinity), chemical (pH, dissolved oxygen,
phosphate, silicate, calcium, magnesium, and sodi-
um), and biological (chlorophyll » and zooplankton).
Dissolved o.\ygen was lower in 1967-68 than it has
been in previous studies in 19.")4-.5.5 and I960: water
temperature was higher in 1967-68 than in the other
two periods.

611. Laboratory Tests of an Electrical Barrier
for Controlling Predation by Northern Squaw-
fish. By Galen H. Maxfield, Robert H. Lander,
and Charles D. Volz. July 1970, iii + 8 pp.,
4 figs., 5 tables.

ABSTRACT

Northern squawfish (Ptychocheilns oregoneiish)
prey extensively on the young of sport and com-
mercial fishes. Of particular concern to us was their
heavy predation during early spring and summer
on salmon {Oncorhynchus spp.) that are released
from upstream hatcheries on the Columbia River
and must pass through squawfish-infested areas
on their way to the sea. Control of these predators
entailed finding a means of blocking their passage
into the release areas of the hatchery -reared salmon
without interfering with the outmigration. P'or this
purpose, we explored in the laboratorj' the effective-
ness of electrical fields previously found to direct the
movements of salmon fingerlings.

Electrical fields were produced by two rows of
hollow aluminum electrodes suspended in the water
across a laboraton,- tank. Exploratory- tests were
run to determine what combinations of electrode
arrays, voltage gradients, and electrical conditions
would give results warranting systematic testing.
Ten fish were tested individually in each of these
elimination tests.

On the basis of test results, four electrode arrays,
with capacitor discharge pulses at 8 pulses per
second and a pulse duration equivalent to that of
40 niilli-second "rectangular pulse," were tested at
three voltage gradients. A staggered array of
electrodes in which the electrodes were spaced at
61-cm. intervals in rows 200 cm. apart was most
effective. At the voltage gradients of 0.7,5, 1.00, and
1.2.5 volts per centimeter, 85, 93, and 96 percent
respectively, of the squawfish were blocked.

612. The Trade Wind Zone Oceanography Pilot
Study. Part VIII: Sea-level meteorological
properties and heat exchange processes, July
1963 to June 1965. By Gunter R. Seckel. June
1970, iv + 129 pp., 6 figs., 8 tables.
ABSTRACT
Meteorological data were summarized and large-
scale heat exchange processes computed, in 5°
square units of the area lat. 0° to 3.t° N., long. 130°
to 170° W., for each month. The result complement
time-sequence oceanographic observations of the
Trade Wind Zone Oceanography Pilot Study in the
area lat. 10° to 26° N., long. 148° to 1.57° W.. Febru-
ary 1964 to June 196.5. The source and processing
of meteorological data, and the computation of the
radiation from sun and sky. the effective back
radiation, the heat of evaporation, and the con-
duction of sensible heat are described. The results
are consistent with monthly heat exchange processes
computed from long-term mean meteorological
properties in the North Pacific. Despite inade-
quacies in the distribution and quality of data, the
meteorological data summaries and the derived heat
exchange processes are adequate for interseason
and interyear comparison of large-scale, sea-air
interactions.

16

613. Sea-Bottom Photographs and Macroben-
thos Collections from the Continental Shelf
off Massachusetts. By Roland L. Wigley and
Roger B. Theroux. August 1970, iii + 12 pp.,
8 figs., 2 tables.

ABSTRACT

Epibenthic invertebrate animals were sampled
with a large scallop dredge and photographed with
a sled-mounted camera at four locations on the
Continental Shelf off Massachusetts in August 1965.
Sea-bottom photographs taken at a station south
of Martha's Vineyard, Mass., at a depth of 59 m.
revealed a sandy silt sediment with a slightly
uneven microtopogi'aphy. At three stations on south-
eastern Georges Bank, at 64 to 82 ni., sediments
were predominantly sand with small proportions of
shell fragments and silt. The microtopography was
generally rough and irregular, largely caused by
feeding of fish and other biological activity. Sand
ripples were common; some apparently formed by
wave action and others by tidal currents.

Species composition of the large epibenthic in-
vertebrates was similar at the three localities on
Georges Bank but differed markedly from that south
of Martha's Vineyard. Also, the number of speci-
mens were substantially higher on Georges Bank
than south of Martha's Vineyard. The densities of
invertebrates estimated from photographs (0.7, 1.7,
1.8, and 8.6 individuals per square meter) at the four
stations were substantially higher than estimates
based on the dredge collections (0.02, 0.16, 0.3 and
3.3 individuals per square meter).

614. A Sled -Mounted Suction Sampler for Ben-

thic Organisms. By Donald M. Allen and J.

Harold Hudson. August 1970, iii + 5 pp., 5

figs., 1 table.

ABSTRACT

The sampler is an underwater vacuum device
mounted on a sled; a venturi-type water dredge
provides suction. This equipment collects quantita-
tive samples of young pink shrimp, Poicu-nt: ditora-
)it>ii diioranoii, and is effective in capturing other
small benthic organisms.

615. Distribution of Fishing Effort and Catches
of Skipjack Tuna, Katt^uwoiiiis pelaniis, in
Hawaiian Waters, by Quarters of the Year,
1948-65. By Richard N. Uchida. June 1970,
iv + 37 pp., 6 figs., 22 tables.

ABSTRACT
The temporal and spatial distribution of fishing
effort and skipjack tuna catches are described on
the basis of detailed data on catch, location, and
effort obtained each year from all vessels that fish
full time for skipjack tuna in Hawaiian waters.
Summarized are the amount of "effective" fishing
(defined as a trip on which skipjack tuna are caught),
the resulting catch, and catch per standard effective
trip in each statistical area and combinations of

statistical areas (regions).

The fishing is highly seasonal. Usually the effort
expended and the catch in the first quarter were
15 and 9 percent, respectively, of their annual
totals. Fishing intensified in May and second quarter
catches, produced by 32 percent of the annual effort,
accounted for 33 percent of the annual catch. .■^
further increase in effort to 36 percent of the annual
total in the third quarter increased catches sharply
so that they constituted 46 percent of the annual
take. As the abundance of skipjack tuna declined in
the fall, fishing also declined; fourth quarter effort,
which was reduced to 17 percent of the annual total,
produced only 12 percent of the annual catch.

616. Effect of Quality of the Spawning Bed on
Growth and Development of Pink Salmon
Embryos and Alevins. By Ralph A. Wells and
William J. McNeil. August 1970, iii + 6 pp.,

4 tables.

ABSTRACT

Among three segments of the spawning ground in
Sashin Creek, southeastern Alaska, the largest and
fastest developing embryos and alevins of pink
salmon, Oticorhyiichus gorbitscha, came from spawn-
ing gi-avels characterized by high levels of dissolved
oxygen in intragi-avel water. The high oxygen
levels occurred in a stream segment which has a
relatively steep grade and coarse materials in the
bed. No differences in water temperature were ob-
served among the three segments.

617. Fur Seal Investigations, 1968. By NMFS,
Marine Mammal Biological Laboratory. De-
cember 1970, iii + 125 pp., 32 figs., 53 tables,

99 app. tables.

ABSTRACT

Field investigations in 1968 were made on the
Pribilof Islands from June to October, in Washing-
ton waters in November-December 1967 and Janu-
ary-February 1968. and in Alaska waters from May
to August 1968. Data wei'e collected during these
periods for studies of population levels and the
maximum sustained yield, and the distribution,
feeding habits, migrations, and pregnancy rates
of fur seals.

In 1968, 45,625 male and 13,335 female fur seals
iCatlorhiniis ursiniis) were killed on the Pribilof
Islands.

Dead fur seals counted included 31,438 pups and
350 animals older than pups. The major causes of
death among 379 pups were malnutrition, hook-
worm disease, trauma, infections, and perinatal
comple.\.

We estimated that the Islands had 7,924 harem
and 4,383 idle males in mid-July.

Pregnancy rates of females were 42 percent for
1,058 from hauling gi-ounds in 1968 and 100 percent
for 221 from rookeries in 1957.

The average weights of the pups were 9.6 kg. for
males and 8.3 kg. for females. Seals tagged included

17

11,675 pups regardless of sex, 714 males estimated
to be yearlings, and 1,495 males estimated to be 2
years old.

Of the marked seals recovered, 3,946 had been
given tags or other marks as pups and 1,197 had
been tagged at age 1 or older. Tag loss apparently
is highest soon after lagging. The recovery rate
for pups tagged in September has been higher than
that for pups tagged in August. Pups marked by
removing parts of flippers apparently have a higher
survival rate than pups that have been given tags
and flipper marks. Two different methods of esti-
mating populations yielded similar values (400,000
and .350,000) for the number of pups born in 1965.
The pup population estimates decreased annually
since 1960 to less than 400.000 in 1965. Estimates
of the number of yearling males for several year
classes are 82,000 (1961), 79,000 (1962), 115,000
(1964), and 80,000 (1965).

After the kill in 1966, the population .still included
25,000 3-year-old males from the 1963 year class
and 70,000 2-year-old males from the 1964 year class.

The predicted kill of males in ages 2 to 5 was
49,000 for 1968 and is 56,000 for 1969. The actual
kill in 1968 was 44,162. The recovery rate of young
males tagged and recovered in 1968 was higher for
those marked in June than for those marked in July.
The recovery rate for seals tagged on hauling
grounds inaccessible to the kill was less than that
for seals tagged on accessible hauling grounds. One
often transmitters attached to seals emitted signals
for 9 days. Nearly all of 250 adult males killed from
rookeries were age 10 or older, but 58 percent of
100 adult males killed from hauling grounds were
less than 10 years. Researchers took 374 seals off
Washington and 456 in Alaska waters; 38 of these
seals had lags or other marks. About 50 percent of
the female seals taken were from 1 to 7 years old.
The principal fishes eaten by fur seals off Washing-
ton were salmon, Oticorhy fichus spp.; anchovy,
Engraitlis mordax; rockfish, Sebantodes spp.;
eulachon, Thalciihthijs paciticuK; and capelin,
Mallotiis villofins. The principal foods consumed in
Alaska waters were walleye pollock, Thviutira cliiil-
cogrammns; squids. Cephalopoda; and .Atka mack-
erel, Pleiirograiiniiiis ixoiiopterin/iiia.

tributaries) and in a few areas in the middle water-
shed, (3) sockeye salmon — in lakes and tributaries
of lakes (in the middle portion of the watershed),
and (4) chum salmon — in lower portions of tribu-
taries that enter the Columbia River below the
Dalles Dam. All four species have lost many spawn-
ing areas because of water-use developments and
changes in the watershed resulting from logging,
highway construction, agricultural cultivation,
placer mining, and dumping of wastes. Serious
depletion of the runs of all four species is evident
from the available data (the commercial catches
before 1938 and since 1938 augmented by informa-
tion on escapement and sport catch).

The future prospects are fair for steelhead trout,
good for coho salmon, and poor for sockeye and
chum salmon.

619. Published in 1971.

620. The Trade Wind Zone Oceanography Pilot
Study. Part IX: The Sea-Level Wind Field
and Wind Stress Values, July 1963 to June
1965. By Gunter R. Seckel. June 1970, iii +
66 pp., 5 figs., 2 app. tables.
ABSTRACT
Wind observations and derived wind stresses are
summarized in 5° square units of the area lat. 0° to
.35° N., long. 130° to 170° W., for each month. The
results complement time-sequence oceanographic
observations of the Trade Wind Zone Oceanography
Pilot .Study in the area lat. 10° to 26° N., long.
148° to 157° W., February 1964 to June 1965. The
sources and processing of wind observations, and
the computations to obtain the zonal and meridional
components of the wind velocity, the square of the
wind speed, and the zonal and meridional compon-
ents of the wind stress are described. The results
are consistent with monthly wind stresses com-
puted from long-term mean winds over the North
Pacific. Despite inadequacies in the distribution
and quality of data, the wind and wind stress sum-
maries are adequate for interseason and inteo'ear
comparisons.

618. Spawning Areas and Abundance of Steel-
head Trout and Coho, Sockeye, and Chum
Salmon in the Columbia River Basin-Past and
Present. By Leonard A. Fulton. December
1970, iii + 37 pp., 6 figs., 11 maps, 9 tables.
ABSTRACT
Past spawning areas (those removed from use
before 1969) and present ones (those in use in 1969)
are described for steelhead trout. S<il»io gaiidiicri;
coho salmon, Oucoihy)ichiis kisiitch; sockeye salmon,
O. iierka; and chum salmon, O. kela. The different
species characteristically spawn in the following
areas: (1) steelhead trout — in streams of all sizes
(widely dispersed throughout the wateished) (2)
coho salmon — in small streams (mostly in the lower

621. Published in 1971.

622. Published in 1971.

623. Apparent Abundance, Distribution, and
Migrations of Albacore, Tluiinms alaluiiga,
on the North Pacific Longline Grounds. By
Brian J. Rothschild and Marian Y. Y. Yong.
September 1970, v + 37 pp., 19 figs., 5 tables.

ABSTRACT

This paper considers the dynamics of albacore,

Tliitiniiis <il(ilitii(/a, on the Japanese North Pacific

longline grounds. In addition to changes in apparent

abundance and distribution, the modes of immigra-

18

tion and emigration from the lonfjline grounds are
considered in terms of the migratory route of the
albacore in the North Pacific Ocean. The data show
a clear decline in apparent abundance on the long-
line gi-ounds during the 1949-61 study period. This
decline could not be related to changes in the aver-
age size of the fish or fishing effort. Spatial .statistics
were computed to describe the distribution of the
albacore on the longline grounds. These show very
clear cyclical changes each year. These changes
reflect a net southwest movement of the two-dimen-
sional first-moment at a velocity of about 6.5 miles
(12 km.) day"'. The second order spatial statistics
showed a maximum longitudinal expansion and
latitudinal contraction during the peak of the fishing
season. The time-space coordinates of the two-
dimensional first-moment of the albacore distribu-
tion appear to be highly predictable. The migration
route of the albacore among North American, pole-
and-line, and longline fisheries is considered. It
appears that the dynamically most significant move-
ment of albacore is from the North American fishery,
to the pole-and-line fishery, to the longline fishery'.

AUTHOR INDEX

Adair, J. — see Stout et al.

Allen, Donald M., and J. Harold Hudson, S 614

Alton, Miles S., and Martin 0. Nelson, C 332

Anderson, William W., S 605

Anonymous, C 319, C 338, C 340, FL 627, FL 628, FL
629, S 597, S 608, S 617

Applegate, Vernon C, and Harry D. Van Meter, FL 630

Baker, Ralph C, Ford Wilke, and C. Howard Baltzo,
C336

Bakkala, Richard G., C 315

Baltzo, C. Howard — see Baker et al.

Barnett, Harold J. — see Nelson and Barnett

see Patashnik et al.

see Tretsven and Barnett

Barr, Louis, FL 631

Bates, Daniel W., FL 633

, Ernest W. Murphey, and Earl F. Prentice, S 608

, and John G. Vanderwalker, S 608

Beardsley, Grant L., Jr., and William J. Richards, S 595

Bell, Frederick W.,C 337

Berg, Lawrence R., C 332

Bowman, Edgar W., C 333

Bullis, Harvey R., Jr., and John R. Thompson, C 351

Cederholm, Carl J. — see Sims and ("ederholm

Clark, Shirley M.. and George R. Snyder, S 610

Coon, Kenneth L., and James E. Ellis, FIR, v.6, p.83

Corbett, Michael G., FIR, v.6, p.53

Dassow, John A., Max Patashnik, and Barbara J. Koury,
C332

Dudley, Shearon, J. T. Graikoski, H. L. Seagran and
Paul M. Earl, C 346

Duke, Thomas W. — see Rice and Duke

Durrant, Norman W., F. Bruce Sanford, FIR, v.6, p. 15

Dyer, John A. — see Nelson and Dyer

Earl, Paul M. — see Dudley et al.

Edel, Wesley J., C 339

Ellis, James E. — see Coon and Ellis

Emerson, J. A. — see Seagran et al.

Farfante, Isabel Perez, S 599

Fisk, Donald M. — see Ingraham and Fisk

Fulton. Leonard A., S 618

Graham, Joseph J., D 42

Graikoski, J. T. — see Dudley et al.

see Seagran et al.

Grinols, Richard B., and Michael F. Tillman, C 332

Gronlund, William D. — see Patten et al.

Helle.John H., S 602

Henry, Kenneth A., and Joseph H. Kutkuhn, C 350, C 341

Hester, Frank J., S 607

High, William L. — see Johnson and High

Hitz, Charles R.,C 332

Hudson, J. Harold, Donald M. Allen, and T. J. Costello,
S604

19

Hudson, J. Harold — see Allen and Hudson

Hutfhes. Steven E., S 606

Huizer. E. J., and T. H. Richardson. D 45

Huizer. E. J., T. H. Richardson, and Norman Johnson,
D44

Huizer, E. J., T. H. Richardson, and V. C. Larson, I) 46

Insraham, W. James, and Donald M. Fisk, D 48

Jensen, Ann — see Richards et al.

Johnson, Leonard J., and William L. High. C 332

Johnson. Norman — see Huizer et al.

Jossi. Jack W..S 609

Kaylor. John D.. and Edward J. Murphy. FIR. v.6. p.l,
L39. 147

King, Warren B., S .586

Kour>'. Barbara J. — see Dassow et al.

Krzeczkowski. Richard A.. FIR. v.6. p.93

Kutkuhn. Joseph H. — see Henry and Kutkuhn

Lander. Robert H. — see Maxfield et al.

Lane, J. Perry, FIR. v.6, p.63

Larkins, Herbert A. — see Nelson and Larkins

Larsen, Alfred — see BovN'man and Larsen

Larsen, C. C. — see Huizer et al.

Lindner, Milton J., and Robert E. Stevenson, C 343

Louder, Darrell E. — see Nichols and Louder

Love, Cuthbert M. (editor), C 330, v.4

Major. Richard L.. and Herbert H. Sbiiipeii. (' 347

Mann. Walter C. — see Richards et al.

Maxfield, Galen H., Robert H. Lander, and Charles D.

voiz. sen

Merrell, Theodore R.. Jr.. FL 632

Miyauchi. David, and Maynard Steinberg, FIR, v.6, p. 16.5
Murphy, Edward J. — see Kaylor and Murphy
Murphey. Ernest W. — see Bates et al.

MacGregor. John S.. S 596

McNeil, William J. — see Wells and McNeil

McRae. Ernest D., Jr. — see Parker and McRae

Nelson, Martin O., C .332

, and Herbert A. Larkins, C 332

see Alton and Nelson

Nelson, Richard W.. and Harold J. Barnett, FIR. v.6. p.89

, and John A. Dyer. C 332

see Patashnik et al.

Nichols. Paul R.. and Darrell E. Louder. C 3.52

Noetzel. Bruno G. — see Perrin and Noetzel

Oldfield. J. E.— see Stout et al.

Parker, James W., D 47

Parker, Phillip S.. and Ernest D. McRae. Jr.. FIR. v.6.
p. 185

Patashnik. Max. Harold J. Barnett. and Richard W.
Nelson, C 332

Patashnik. Max — see Dassow et al.

Patten. Benajniin G., Richard B. Thompson, and William
D. Gronlund. S 603

Pereyra. Walter T.. and Jack A. Richards, C 332

Perrin, William F.. and Bi-uno G. Noetzel. F"IR. v.6. p. 105

Phinney. Duane E.. D 41

Prentice. Earl F. — see Bates et al.

Rice. T. R.. and Thomas W. Duke, C 335

Richards, Jack A. — see Pereyra and Richards

Richards. William J.. David C. Simmons. Ann Jensen,
and Walter C. Mann. D 40

Richardson. T. H. — see Huizer and Richardson

Richardson. T. H. — see Huizer et al.

Rothschild, B. J., and M. Y. Y. Yong, D 49, S 623

Sanford, Bi-uce F'. — see Durrant and Sanford

Seagran, H. L., J. T. Graikoski, and J. A. Emerson, C 331

20

Seag-ran, H. L. — see Dudley et al.

Seckel, Gunter R., S 612, S 620

Sherman, Keniu'th, S .")!l-l

Shii)pen, Herbert H. — see Major and Shippen

Sillinian, Ralph P.. S 600

Simmons, David C. — see Richards et al.

Sims, Carl W.. and Carl J, Cederholm, D 43

Slatic-k, Emil, S 5!)2

Sn.vder, George R. — see Clark and Snyder

Steinberg, Maynard — see Miyauchi and Steinberg

Stevenson, Robert E. — see Lindner and Stevenson

Stout, F. M., J. Adair, and J. E. Oldfield, C 332

Sykes, James E., C 342

Theoroux. Roger B. — see Wigley and Theoroux

Thompson. Clark S., S 601

Thompson, John R. — see Bullis and Thompson

Thompson, Richard B. — see Patten et al.

Tillman. Michael F. — see Grinols and Tillman

Tretsven, Wayne, and Harold Barnett, FIR v.6, p..5

Uchida. Richard N., S 61.5

Vanderwalker, John G. — see Bates and Vanderwalker

Van Meter. Harry D. — see Applegate and Van Meter

Volberg, H. W., S 607

Volz, Charles D. — see Maxfield et al.

Waters, Melvin E.. FIR, v.6, p. 173

Weeks, Ann, C 344

Wells, Ralph A., and William J. McNeil. S 616

Wigley, Roland L.. and Roger B. Theoroux, S 613

Wilke, Ford — see Baker et al.

Yong, Marian Y. Y. — see Rothschild and Yong

SUBJECT INDEX

Acdiithiiciihiiiiii KiiUdidcri — see Wahoo

Adicr — see Vessels

Akddeniik- Berg — see Vessels

Alaska

Auke Bay, C 338

Bristol Bay, S 600

chum salmon resource, FL 632

Kasitsna Bay, C 338

king salmon, C 338

Little Port Walter, C 338

Olsen Creek, Prince William Sound, S 602

Pribilof Islands, S .597, S 617

shrimp resource, FL 631

southeastern, salmon streams

common names, D 44, D 45

descriptions, D 44, D 45

escapement, D 44, D 45

locations, D 44, D 45

maps, D 44, D 45

numbers, D 44, D 45

species, D 44, D 45

water temperatures, D 44, D 45

weather, D 44, D 45
spawning ground oftheChignik River System, D 41
stream catalogue

Regulatoiy District No. 12, D 46

Regulatory District No. 13, D 47

Albacore

changes in abundance in Indian Ocean, 1952-65, D 49

fishery, C 344

North Pacific longline grounds

apparent abundance, S 623

apparent movement, S 623

average location, S 623

decline in apparent abundance, S 623

distribution, S 623

evolution of migratoiy pattern, S 623

migrator>' route, S 623

possible genetic effects of fishing, S 623

size distribution, S 623
predator of Pacific Ocean perch, C 347

A/6nf lo.s.s' IV — see Vessels

Alycon — see Vessels

.^nn .•\rbor, Michigan, C 319

Ayrtictt ishnidicd — see Ocean quahog

Argentine hake
fishery, C 3.32, p. 11

Argopecten gibbus — see Calico scallop

Argopecteu irradicnis — see Bay scallop

21

Atlantic thread herrinp
artificial rearing, C 344

Allantik — see Vessels

Auke Bay. Alaska, C 338

Bacterial ice — see Refrigeration of fresh fish

Baruti — see Vessels

Bass — see White bass

Bay scallop

comparative size, C 344

Beaufort. North Carolina, C 341, C .3.50

Bermudas

diagnostic characters of juvenile shrimp, S 599

Bibliography

zooplankton sampling devices, S 609

Bigeye tuna

changes in abundance in Indian Ocean, 19.52-6.'), D 49
fishery. C 344

Biological data

from E.\STROPAr first and second monitor cruises,
April-July 1967, C 330, v. 4

Biologj'

Pacific hake, C 3.32, p. 23

Black Douglas — see Vessels

Black quahog — see Ocean quahog

Blackfin tuna
fishery, C 344
size distribution and relative abundance, S .59.5

Bluefin tuna

changes in abundance in Indian Ocean, 1952-65, D 49
fishery, C .344

Bold Vent lire — see Vessels

Bonneville Dam, Washington, C 339

Boston, Massachusetts

quality of haddock, FIR v. 6 no. 3, p. 139

George M. Bowers — see Vessels

Braeiii — see Vessels

Bratsk — see Vessels

Brine, refrigerated — see Refrigeration of fresh fish

Bristol Bay, Alaska, S 600

Brown shrimp
life histon,'

Georgia, S 605
North Carolina, S 605
Northeast Florida, S 605
South Carolina, S 605

Bullheads

histor>^ in Lake Erie, FL 630

Bureau of Commercial Fisheries

Ann Arbor, Michigan Great Lakes Fishery Laboratory,
C 319

Beaufort, N.C. laboraton,-

report for fiscal year ending June 30, 1968, C 341
research in fiscal year 1969, C 350

Division of Economic Research

program for fiscal year 1969, C 337

Galveston, Texas laboratory-
report for fiscal year 1969, C 343

Miami, Florida laboratory

progress in research, 1965-1969, C 344

St. Peterburg Beach. Florida laboratory
report for fiscal year 1969, C 342

Butchering

coho salmon, C 346

Calico scallop

comparative size. C 344

California

San Pedro wetfish boats, I'lR v.6 no. 3, p. 105

Callorhiniis nrsinns — see Fur seal

Cape Fear River. North Carolina, C 3.52

Cape hake

fishery, C 332. p. 9

Carihbea)! — see Vessels

Carp

history in Lake Erie. FL 630

Carson. Washington. S 608

Cusco — see Vessels

Catfish — see Channel catfish

Central Florida Bay
Porpoise Lake. S 604

Challenger — see Vessels

Channel catfish

history in Lake Erie. FL 630

Chignik River System. Alaska
spawning ground, I) 41

22

Chilean hake

fishery. C 332, p. 12

Chinook salmon

effect of water flow in fishways

on behavior. S 601

on performance, S 601

plun>rinR flow, S 601

streaming flow. S 601
passage through pipes, S 592

Chub

hot-smoked

brining, C 331

frozen, C 331

labeling and records, C 331

monitoring equipment, C 331

nonfrozen. C 331

packaging and handling. C 331

smoking, C 331
salt concentration, method for determining. C 331

Chum salmon

abundance, S 618
Alaskan

economic importance, FL 632

geographic distribution, FL 632

life history, FL 632
bionomics and life histoiy, C 315
distribution, C 315
fishery, C 315
future nans, S 618
identity, C 315
population, C 315

protection and management, C 315
spawning areas, S 618

Cisco — see Vessels

estuary. 1966-67

biochemical oxygen demand, D 43

dissolved ONygen, D 43

temperature, I) 43

total alkalinity, D 43
limnological characteristics

calcium and magnesium, S 610

chlorophyll a.S 610

comparison between years, S 610

conductivity and salinity. S 610

dissolved oxygen. S 610

pH.S 610

phosphate, S 610

silicate, S 610

sodium, S 610

turbidity, S 610

water temperature, S 610

zooplankton, S 610

CoiiiiiKindo — see Vessels

Commodoro Lnxerre — see Vessels

Coolidge II — see Vessels

Coonstripe shrimp
description, FL 631

Crab meat

relation of blueing to

age of crab meat before pasteurization. FIR v. 6

no. 4, p. 178
exposure of crab meat to metals, FIR v. 6 no. 4.

p. 180
temperature and time of pasteurization. FIR v. 6
no. 4, p. 175

Townsend Cromicell — see Vessels

Cleaning

coho salmon, C 346

Culling

prevention of bacteria, C 333

John N. Cobb — see Vessels

Cod fillets

commercial feasibility of irradiating. FIR v. 6 no. 1.

p. 1.
value of irradiating for quality. FIR v. 6 no. 3, p. 139

Coho salmon

abundance, S 618
future runs, S 618
Great Lakes

sportman's guide to handling, smoking and pre-
serving, C 346
passage through pipes, S 592
spawning areas, S 618

Colloids — see Sea-weed colloids

Cotolabis saira — see Pacific sauiy

Columbia River

Delaware (1) — see Vessels
Diplauthcni irrightii — see Shoal grass

Distribution

Pacific hake, C 332, p. 23

Division of Economic Research — see Bureau of Com-
mercial Fisheries

Dock shrimp

description, FL 631

EASTROPAC

atlas, first and second monitor cruises, April-July 1967,
C 330, V. 4

Echo. Oregon. S 608
Eniign — see Vessels

23

Erebus — see Vessels

European hake
fishery, C 3."J2, p. 7

Eittliyiiiiiis allttltratii.s — see Little tunny

Exploratoiy Fishing and Gear Research Base
explorations in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean
Sea

gear development, C" 351

resource assessment, C 351
explorations off the coast of the U.S., C 351
industry activity

east coast of Florida, C 351

Gulfof Mexico, C 351
location and assessment of

bottoni-dwellinK resources, C 351

midwater fishes by sonar, C 351

surface-dwelling pelag^ic fishes, C 351

Farm ponds

tow-bar system for seining

equipment, FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 83
operation, FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 86

Favorite — see Vessels

Fecundity

Selntstdilfs.S 596

Fish

anadromous

spawning, C 352

upstream passage through navigation locks. C 352

use of stream for nursery, C 352

capacity tests of pipes, S 592
flesh separator

potential impact on U.S. fisheries, FIR v. 6 no. 4.

p. 171
separating flesh from tillet waste and trimmings,

FIR v.6no. 4, p. 169
separating flesh from headed and gutted fish.

FIR V. 6 no. 4, p. 167
tests with small pink shrimp, FIR v. 6 no. 4, p. 170

passage through pipes, effect of

entrance and exit conditions, S 592
illumination, S 592
pipe diameter, S 592
sharp turns in pipe, S 592
water depth, S 592
water velocity, S 592

Yakima River, Washington

distriliution and abundance, S 603
effect of water temperature and flow on distribu-
tion, S 603
names and numbers of families and species, S 603

Fish containers
bins, C 333
boxes, (• 333
portable bulk containers, C 333

Fish echoes

relation to sonar detection, S 607

Fish handling

recommended practices, C 333

Fish larvae

frigate mackerel, D 40
Pacific Ocean perch, C 347
tuna. U 40

Fish processing plants
construction

basic facilities, FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 66
employee facilities, FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 72
processing equipment, FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 70
premises, FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 65
processing recommendations

bacteriological testing procedures, P'lR v. 6 no. 2,

p. 73
plant and personnel sanitation, P'lR v. 6 no. 2,

p. 75
product handling, FIR v. 6 no. 2. p. 78
sanitation, FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 64

Fish screens — see Screens

Fisheiy

North Pacific

albacore, S 623

Fishery bulletins

list from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, February
1970, FL 628

Fishery cooperatives

in the U.S. from 1969-70. FL 627

Fishery plant

sanitizing methods, F'lR v. 6 no. 2. p. 16

Fishery products

using Tennessee River fish. FIR v. 6 no. 1, p. 93

Fishways — see Chinook salmon

Florida

Gulf Breeze Pesticide Field Station. C .335
northeast, shrimp fishery

brown, S 605

pink, S 605
Poi-poise Lake, Central P'lorida Bay, S 604
St. Petersburg Beach, C 342
scombrid fishes, S 595

Millri- Freeman — see Vessels

Fresh water ice — see Refrigeration of fresh fish

Fur seal

distribution and movements, C 336

food.C 336

history of fur sealing, C 336

24

Japanese research, 1967,8 597
management, C 336
mortality and disease, C 336
physical characteristics, C 336

Pribilof Islands

activity of young males on land, 1968, S 617

adult males on the hauling grounds, 1968, S 617

age classification and number killed, 1967, S 597

age classification and number killed, 1968, S 617

distribution, 1967, S 597

distribution, 1968, S 617

food, 1967, S 597

food, 1968, S 617

forecast kill of males, 1968, S 597

forecast kill of males, 1969, S 617

marking, 1967, S 597

marking, 1968, S 617

mortality, 1967, S 597

mortality, 1968, S 617

nutrition of pups, 1967, S 597

pelagic research, 1968, S 617

population estimation, 1967, S 597

population estimation, 1968, S 617

reproduction, 1967, S 597

size, 1967, S 597
processing and sale of skins, C 336
proximate composition of meat

commercially ground, FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 91

eviscerated carcasses obtained at intervals during
harvest season, FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 91

eviscerated carcasses with blubber and bone, FIR
V. 6 no. 2, p. 90

eviscerated carcasses with blubber and bone re-
moved, FIR V. 6 no. 2, p. 91

sealing on Pribilof Islands, C 336

Gadus morhiia — see Cod fillets

Galveston, Texas, C 343

Georges Bank, Massachusetts

photographic and dredge-collection stations, S 613

Georgia

shrimp fishery
brown, S 605
sea bob, S 605
Trachypeneus constrictus, S 605

Geronimo — see Vessels

Charles H. Gilboi — see Vessels

Gloucester, Massachusetts

technological laboratory in, C 340

Goa — see Vessels

Goldfish

history in Lake Erie, FL 630

Grass — see Shoal grass; Turtle grass

Great Lakes

handling, smoking and preserving coho salmon, C 346
Lake Erie fish, FL 6.30

Gulf Breeze, Florida

progress report from Pesticide Field Station, C 335

Gulf of Guinea
northwestern

frigate mackerel larvae, D 40
tuna larvae, D 40

Gulf of Maine
coastal, 1962-65

salinity, D 42

temperature, D 42

transparency, D 42
seasonal volume of zooplankton, S 594
surface temperature and salinity, S 594

Gulf of Mexico

diagnostic characters of juvenile shrimp, S 599

Hachiman Mam — see V'essels

Haddock

commercial feasibility

landed at Boston, Massachusetts, FIR v. 6 no. 3,
p. 139

Haddock fillets

commercial feasibility of irradiating, FIR v. 6 no. 1,

p. 1
value of irradiating for quality, FIR v. 6 no. 1, p. 139

Hake — see Pacific hake

Hake

development, C 332, p. 5
feeding behavior, C 332, p. 3
fishing technique

keeping trawl among fish, C 332, p. 96

locating fish, C 332, p. 96

recommendations, C 332, p. 97

retrieving trawl, C 332, p. 97

setting trawl, C 332, p. 96
growth, C 332, p. 6

length of pelagic existence, C 332, p. 6
midwater trawling equipment

BCF Universal trawl, C 332, p. 83

Cobb pelagic trawls, C 332, p. 79

cost, C 332, p. 94

depth telemetry system, C 332, p. 89

otterboards, C 332, p. 87

recommendations, C 332, p. 97
migrations, C 332, p. 4
production of meal and oil from

characteristics of meal and oil, C 332, p. 140

economic factors, C 332, p. 140

feasibility for reduction, C 332, p. 138

processing, C 332, p. 140
reproductive behavior, C 332, p. 5
schooling behavior, C 332, p. 3

25

size composition, C 332, p. 6

vessels, C 332, p. 95

worldwide resource, C 332, p. 15

Halibut — see Pacific halilmt

Hawaii

observations of sea birds, S 586

Hiodoii — see Vessels

Humpy shrimp

description, FL 631

Ice — see Refrigeration of fresh fish

Ice Harbor Dam, Washington, C 339

Indian Ocean

changes in the abundance of tunas, 1952-65, D 49

Irradiation

commercial feasibility in cod and haddock. FIR v. 6 no.
l,p. 1

Inkatel — see Vessels

Itehnen — see Vessels

Japan

pelagic fur seal research, S 597

John Day Dam, Washington, C 339

Junior — see Vessels

Kiiiiichatkii Gorii — see Vessels

Kasitsna Bay, Alaska, C 338

Katniiwotiiis pelamis — see Skipjack tuna

George B. Kelez — see Vessels

King mackerel

size distribution and relative abundance, S 595

King salmon, Alaska, C 338

Krym — see Vessels
Lady Olga — see Vessels

Lake Erie

brief histoi-y of commercial fishing
bullheads, FL 630
channel catfish, FL 630
goldfish, FL 630
sheephead, FL 630
smelt, FL 630
suckers, F, 630
walleye, FL 630
white bass, FL 630
yellow perch, FL 630

Larvae, fish — see Fish larvae

Little Port Walter. Alaska, C 338

Little tunny

distribution, C 344

size distribution and relative abundance, S 595

Mikhail Lomonosov — see Vessels

Longline fishery
albacore, S 623

Mabel Susan — see Vessels

Mackerel — see King mackerel

Mahogany quahog — see Ocean quahog

Malaspiita — see Vessels

Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts

Gloucester technological laboratory', C 340
photographic and dredge-collection stations, S 613
quality of Boston haddock. FIR v. 6 no. 3, p. 139
sea-bottom studies

Georges Bank, S 613

Martha's Vineyard, S 613

Mtnjdk — see Vessels

Mayakovukii — see Vessels

Mcldiioyraiiniuin aci/lefiniix — see Haddock

Merlneeiiis albidas — see Offshore hake

Merlitcciiis ansiKtititiHniHS — see Panamanian hake

Mcrliieeiun aitfitralis — see New Zealand hake

Merlucciiis biliiiearis — see Silver hake

Merlitecitis capetisis — see Cape hake

Merlucciiis gayi — see (.'hilean hake

Merliicciiis linhhui — see Argentine hake

MerlKccins iitagiiociilKH
distribution, C 332, p. 7

MerlucciiiK iiierli(eciiis — see European hake

Merliiecias polylepis
distribution, C 332, p. 7

Me rill reins prodiietiis — see Pacific hake
Michigan. Ann .\rbor, C 319
Marre II — see vessels
Musky II — see Vessels

26

New Entjlanil

irradiatiiiK fillets

cod. FIR V. 6 no. 1, p. 1
haddock, FIR v. 6 no. 1. p. 1

New Zealand hake

distribution, C 332, p. 7

North American .■\tlantic coast

diagnostic characters of juvenile shrimp, S 599

North Carolina

Beaufort, C 341, C 350
Cape Fear River, C 352
shrimp fishery
brown, S 605

North Pacific Ocean

meteorological properties and heat exchange, S 612
temperature and salinity data. 1966-68, D 48

Northern shrimp
separating machine

description. FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 54
evaluation. FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 61
future design. FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 60
operation, FIR v. 6 no. 2. p. 54
present design. FIR v. 6 no. 2, p. 59

Northern squawfish

tests of electrical barrier for controlling predation by
distance between rows of electrodes. S 611
electrical conditions. S 611
spacing and patterns of electrodes, S 611
systematic tests, S 611

Nutrient chemistiy data

from EASTROPAC first and second monitor cruises.
April-July 1967, C 330, v. 4

Ov en >iog raphe y — see Vessels

Ocean quahog

Bureau of Commercial Fisheries clam survey, FIR v.

6no. 4. p. 188
histoiy of resource. FIR v. 6 no. 4, p. 187
potential of resource, FIR v. 6 no. 4, p. 193

Ocean shrimp

description, FL 631

Offshore hake

distribution, C 332, p. 6

Oyon — see Vessels

Okeati — see Vessels

Olsen Creek, Prince William Sound, Alaska
spawning pink salmon, S 602

Oiiibanc/v — see Vessels

Oiicoihytichus gorhiischu — see Pink salmon

UiicvihyiieliKs ketti — see Chum salmon

Onchorhyneus Iximitch — seeCoho salmon

Oiiehiiiliyiiehiis iierka — see Sockeye salmon

Oneorhyiiehii.t tshairyt.scha — see Chinook salmon

Opistlidiienin ogUim}n — see Atlantic thread herring

Oregon — see Vessels

Oregon

coastal waters, food of Pacific hake, C 332, p. 35
coastal waters, hake fisheiy. C 332, p. 43
Echo. S 608

midwater trawling equipment and fishing technique
for capturing hake off. C 332, p. 77
Soviet trawl fleet off, C 332, p. 53

Orlati — see Vessels

Pacific hake

age and growth, C 332. p. 30
as mink food

meal.C 332, p. 151

raw, C 332, p. 149

wet processed, C 332, p. 150
behavior, C 332, p. 29
characteristics

color. C 332, p. 129

composition, C 332, p. 132

flavor, C 332, p. 129

keeping quality, C 332. p. 131

nutritive value, C 332, p. 134

odor, C 332, p. 129

texture, C 332, p. 129
development, C 332, p. 26
distribution

adults, C 332, p. 27

eggs, C 332, p. 26

juveniles. C 332, p. 27

larvae. C .332, p. 26
fecundity. C 332. p. 25
feeding pattern, C 332, p. 38
fillet yield, C 332, p. 125
fishery, C 332, p. 13
food

availability. C 332, p. 40

euphausiids.C 332, p. 36

fish.C 332, p. 38

other organisms, C 332, p. 38

pandalids. C 332, p. 38
interspecific relations, C 332, p. 39
maturity. C 332. p. 25
meal, nutritive value for poultiy

biological tests, C 332, p. 144

chemical composition, C 332, p. 40
migration, C 332, p. 28

migrations of food organisims. C 332. p. 40
mortality. C 332. p. 31
opportunistic feeding, C 332, p. 40
proximate chemical composition,

ocean, C 332, p. 122

27

Puget Sound, C 332. p. 124
range, C 332, p. 25
seasonal feeding, C 332, p. 38
standing stock and yield estimates, C 332, p. 38
suitability for food, C 332, p. 134

Pacific hake fishery
coastal, C 332, p. 45

competition from other fisheries, C 332, p. 115
development, C 332, p. 44
distribution,C332, p. 46
economic aspects

Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, C 332, p. 106

BCF gear costs, C 332, p. 107

charter fleet, C 332, p. 106

costs per ton offish landed. (' 332, p. 108

gross stock. C 3.32, p. 107

operating costs, C 332. p. 107

salaries, C 332, p. 107

vessel costs, C 332, p. 107

vessel return, C 332, p. 107

without government assistance, C 332, p. 109
economic conditions necessaiy for a viable fishery.

C 332. p. Ill
fishing methods. C 332. p. 45
futui-e development, C 332, p. 50
Oregon, C 332, p. 43
performance of large versus medium vessels, C 332,

p. 109
seasonality, C 332, p. 114
statistics, C 332, p. 46
vessels. C 332. p. 45
Washington. C 332, p. 43

Pacific halibut

handling and icing aboard vessels. FIR v. 6 no. 1. p. 6

Pacific Ocean

fishing season. C 347
north

sea-level wind field. S 620

sea-level wind stress values, S 620
observations of sea birds, S 586

Pacific Ocean perch
boats used, C 347
fishing equipment, C 347
productivity, C 347
synopsis of biological data, C 347

Pacific saury

annotated references. .S 606

Panamanian hake

distribution. C 332. p. 7

Pandalopsis diapar — see Sidestripe shrimp

Pandalits daiiae — see Dock shrimp

Pandaliix (jouiunig — see Humpy shrimp

Pandalits hypsiiiotnn — seeC'oonstripe shrimp

PaiidaliiK jurdcnii — see Ocean shrimp

Puiiduliis iiioiituyiii
description, FL 631

Paiidaliis pIdlyceioK — see Spot shrimp

Pandaliix xtenolepis
description, FL 631

Penaeid shrimp — see Shrimp

Perch — see Pacific Ocean perch; Yellow perch

Personnel sanitation

aboard fishing vessels. C 335

Pcrvutiiuisk — see Vessels

Peter E. — see Vessels

Petrupci vlovnk — see Vessels

John Elliott Pilhhiiry — see Vessels

Pink salmon

biological characteristics of intertidal and freshwater

spawnings. S 602
growth and development

effect of quality of spawning bed. S 616
effects of water quality on. S 616
embryos and alevins. S 616

Pink shrimj)

collection l)y sled-mounted suction sampler. S 614

description, FL 631

nursery area in Central Florida Bay. S 604

Pio)ieer — see Vessels

Plaeopecteii DiKgellcniieiis — see Sea scallop

Reine Pokoti — see Vessels

Ponds — see F'arm ponds

Porpoise Lake, Central Florida Bay
flora and fauna identification. S 604

Predation

northern .squawfish

tests of electrical barriei- foi- controlling. S 61 1

Prihilof — see Vessels

Pribilof Islands, Alaska

fur seal investigations, 1967, S 597
fur seal investigations, 1968, S 617

Prince William Sound, .\laska. S 602
Ptiieliorheiliin oieyoneiisiK — see Northern squawfish

28

Puget Sound, Washington. C 3.32. p. 124

Piinkin — see Vessels

Quahogr — see Ocean quahog

Recruit — see Vessels

G.B. Reed — see Vessels

References

Pacific saury. S 606

Refrigeration of fresh fish
bacterial ice, C 333
fresh water ice, C 333
refrigerated brine, C 333
salt water ice, C 333

Refrigerator — see Vessels

Rockaway — see Vessels

Rockfish — see Sebastodes

Rorqual — see Vessels

Sablefish — see Vessels

New St. Joaeph — see Vessels

St. Michael — see Vessels

St. Petersburg Beach, Florida, C 342

Salinity

North Pacific Ocean 1965-68, D 49

Salmo gairdneri — see Steelhead trout

Salmon — see Chinook salmon; Chum salmon; Coho
salmon; Pink salmon; Soekeye salmon

Salmon

Alaska stream catalogue

Regulatory District No. 12, D 46
Regulaton- District No. 13, D 47

juvenile

collection by traveling screens, S 608

fish species that reside with, in Yakima River,

Washington, S 603
safe passage through dams, C 339

Salt water ice — see Refrigeration of fresh fish

Sampler

sled-mounted suction, for benthic organisms
design, S 614
evaluation, S 614
sampling procedure. S 614

Sau Juan — see Vessels

San Pedro wetfish boats

economic study. FIR v. 6 no. 3. p. 105

Sanitation — see Vessel sanitation

Saury — see Pacific saury

Scoinheroiiioruii cavalla — see King mackerel

Screen

cantilevered traveling fish
description, S 608
effectiveness, S 608
operation, S 608

traveling fish

advantages, S 608

design, S 608

efficiency, S 608

future application, FL 633

improvements in design, FL 633

operation, S 608

problems in screening fish, FL 633

proposal to industry, FL 633

Sea birds

Pacific Ocean

abundance and distribution, S 586
environmental influence. S 586
flock analysis, S 586
species accounts, S 586

Sea bob
life histoiy

Georgia. S 605
South Carolina, S 605

Sea-bottom studies

continental shelf off Massachusetts, S 613

Seal — see Fur seal

Sea-level

meteorological properties and heat exchange processes
July 1963 to June 1965. S 612

North Pacific Ocean
wind field, S 620
wind stress values. S 620

Sea scallop

comparative size, C 344

Sea-weed colloids

production, manufacturing and use, FIR v. 6 no. 1,
p. 15

Sebastodes
description of

ovaries and eggs, S 596

testes, S 596
spawning season, S 596

Sebastodes alutus — see Pacific Ocean perch

29

Sevastopol — see Vessels

Skryplev — see Vessels

Sheephead

history in Lake Erie, FL 630

Shipment of fresh fillets
rail.FlR V. 6no. 3, p. 151
truck, FIR V. 6 no. 3, p. 148

Shoal Rrass

in Porpoise Lake, Florida, S 604

Shoyo — see Vessels

Shrimp — see Northern shrimp; Pink shrimp; Spot
shrimp

Shrimp
Alaskan

commercial species, FL 631

fisheries, FL 631

food, FL 631

life historj'.FL 631

predators, FL 631

research, FL 631
diagnostic characters of juveniles

Penaeits azteciis aztecus, S 599

Peiiaeiis brasiliensis, S 599

Penacus duorariim diioranan, S 599
fishery

Florida east coast, S 605

Georgria, S 605

North Carolina, S 605

South Carolina, S 605
life history

brown, S 605

pink, S 605

sea bob, S 605

Truchypeneus const yictKn, S 605

Sidestripe shrimp
description, FL 631

Sierra Leone

frigate mackerel larvae, D 40
tuna larvae, D 40

Silver Bay — see Vessels

Silver hake
fishery, C 332

Sincowet — see Vessels

Smelt

histor>' in Lake Erie, FL 630

Sockeye salmon
abundance, S 618

birectilinear recruitment curves, S 600
future runs, S 618

influence of lake size on survival, S 600
passage through pipes, S 592
spawning areas, S 618

spawning grounds in the Chignik River System,
Alaska, D 41

Sonar testing

feasibility study, S 607

South Carolina
shrimp fishery
brown, S 605
sea bob, S 605

Soviet trawl fleet

fishing fleet, C 332, p. 54
fishing method, C 332, p. 70
movement, C 332, p. 68
research activities, C 332, p. 67
side trawlers, C 332, p. 54
stern trawlers, C 332, p. 58
support ships, C 332, p. 61

Spassk — see Vessels

Spawners, intertidal and fresh-water
Pink salmon, S 602

Sport fishing

handling, smoking, and preserving Great Lakes coho
salmon, C 346

Spot shrimp

description, FL 631

Squawfish — see Northern squawfish

States — see Vessels

Steelhead trout
abundance, S 618
future runs, S 618
passage through pipes, S 592
spawning areas, S 618

Skipjack tuna
fishery, C 344

Hawaiian waters

apparent abundance, S 615

distribution of fishing effort and catches, S 615

distribution of quarterly catches, by regions, S 615

size distribution and relative aboundance, S 595
target strength for sonar detection, S 607

Storing

coho salmon, C 346

Suckers

history in Lake Erie, FL 630

Swim bladders

comparison of tunas for sonar detection, S 607

30

Tavriya — see Vessels

Temperature

heat-exchange in North Pacific Ocean, S 612
North Pacific Ocean, 1966-68, D 48

patterns during: shipment of fresh fillets by truck, and
by rail, F'lR v. 6 no. 1, p. 147

Tennessee River fish

use for fishery products, FIR v. 6 no. 1, p. 93

Tenyu Mam — see Vessels

Texas

Galveston, C 343

Thalassia testiidinum — see Turtle grass

ThuniiKs alalunga — see Albacore

Thininus albacares — see Yellowfin tuna

Thunitus atlanticus — see Balckfin tuna

Thtnuius obesus — see Bigeye tuna

Tkininus thyntuts — see Bluefin tuna

Tonquin — see Vessels

Tordenskjokl — see Vessels

Trachypeneus constrictus — see Shrimp

Tropical Atlantic Biological Laboratory
Atlantic tuna fishery, C 344
progress in research

calico scallop biology program, C 344

developmental biologj- of fishes, C 344

fishery oceanography, C 344

taxonomy of clupeoid fishes, C 344

tuna fishery biology, C 344
research program

1965, C 344

1969, C 344
research vessels and cruises, C 344

Tropik — see Vessels

Trout — see Steelhead trout

Tuna — see Albacore; Bigeye tuna; Blackfin tuna; Blue-
fin tuna; Little tunny; Skipjack tuna; Yellow^n
tuna

Turtle grass

in Porpoise Lake, Florida, S 604

Undaunted — see Vessels

Vermin control

aboard fishing vessels, C 333

Vessels

Adler, C 332, p. 67
Akademik Berg. C 332, p. 67
Albatross IV, sen
AUyon,C 344
Atlantik, C 332, p. 58
Baro,i,C 332, pp. 41, 87, 105

Blaek Douglas, S 596, S 597

Bold Venture, C 344

George M. Bowers, C 351

Bracui,C 344
Bratsk, C 332, p. 63

Caribbean, C 344

Casco, C 344

Challenger, C 344

Cisco, C 319

John N. Cobb, S 597; C 332, pp. 41, 44, 78, 106, 122, 128

Co}nmando,C 332, p. 106

Comodoro Laserre, C 344

Coolidge II, C 332, p. 105

Totcnsend Cromwell, S 586, S 612, S 620

Delaware (1), FIR v. 6 no. 4, p. 190

Enugu,C 344

Erebus, C 332, p. 64

Favorite, C 319

Miller Freeman, C 338, D 48

Geronimo,C 344, D 40

Charles H. Gilbert, S 612, S 620

Goa,Q 344

Hachiman Maru, S 597

Hiodon,C 319

Iskatel, C 332, p. 67

Itelmen,C 332, p. 58

Junior, C 332, p. 105

Kamchatka Goi-y, C 332, p. 65

George B. Kelez, D 48

Krym,Q 332, p. 67

LadyOlga,C 332, p. 105

Mikhail Lomonosov,C 344

Mabel Susan, FIR v. 6 no. 4, p. 190

Malaspina, C 344

Mayak, C 332, p. 54

Mayakovskii, C 332, p. 58

Murre II,C 338

Musky II, C 319

Oceanographer,C 344

Ogon.C 332, p. 67

Okean.C 332, p. 54

Ombango, C 344

Or<'ffOH,C 351,8 605

Oregon II, C 351

Orlan,C 332, p. 67

Pervomaisk.C 332, p. 63

PeterE..C3d2,p. 105

Petropavlovsk, C 332, p. 65

John Elliot Pillsbury, CS44

Pioneer, C 332, p. 54

Reine Pokou, C 344

Pn6i7o/, 8 597,8 617

Pushkin, C 332, p. 58

Recruit, C 332, p. 105

G. B. Reed, S 597

Refrigerator, C 332, p. 63

31

Rockaway, C 344

Rorqual, S 594, FIR v. 6 no. 4, p. 190

Sablefish.C 338

New St. Joseph, sen

St. Michael, C 332, pp. 44, 78, 105

San Jnan, C 344

Sevastopol, C 332, p. 63

Shoyo, C 344

Silver Bay, C 344

Siscowet,C 319

Skryplev,C 332, p. 58

Spassk, C 332, p. 63

Slate.i,C 336

Tavriya,C 332, p. 63

Tenyu Mam, S 597

Tonqnin,S 597, S 617

Tordenskjold, C 332, p. 105

Tropik, C 332, p. 58

Undaunted, C 344

Voyager. C 332, p. 105

Wanhitigton, C 332, pp. 47, 105

Westeni Flyer, C 332, pp. 45, 81

Yaquina, S 597

Zvezda, C 344

Vessels, recommendations

handling and icinR Pacific halibut, FIR v. 6 no. 1,

p. 12
improvements in design, C 333

Vessel sanitation

methods to be used, C 333

Voyager — see Vessels

Wind

field and stress values at sea level

comparisons with other results in North Pacific,

S620
computations, S 620
inadequacy in distribution and quality of data,

S620
interseason and intei-j'ear comparison, S 620

Yakima River, Washingl^on, S 603

Yaquina — see Vessels

Yellow perch

history in Lake Erie, FL 630

Yellowfin tuna

changes in abundance in the Indian Ocean, 1952-65,

D49
fishery, C 344
target strength for sonar detection, S 607

Zooplankton
Gulf of Maine

circulation and abundance, S 594

copepod abundance and distribution, S 594

group and species composition, S 594

temperature and abundance, S 594

volume, S 594
sampling devices

annotated bibliography, S 609

Zvezda — see Vessels

Wahoo

size distribution and relative abundance, S 595

Walleye

history in Lake Erie, FL 630

Washington — see Vessels

Washington

Bonneville Dam, C 339

Carson, S 608

coastal waters, food of Pacific hake, C 332, p. 35

coastal waters, hake fishery, C 332, p. 43

Columbia River, S 610, S 618, D 43

Ice Harbor Dam, C 339

,Iohn Day Dam, C 339

midwater trawling equipment and fishing technique

for capturing hake off. C 332, p. 77
Puget Sound, C 332, p. 124
Soviet trawl fleet off, C 332, p. 53
Yakima River, S 603

Westeni Flyer — see Vessels

Wetfish boats — see San Pedro wetfish boats

White bass

history in Lake Erie, FL 630

INDEX BY MARSDEN SQUARES

(see Figure 1)

001

014

C344

S612

D40

S620

002

015

C344

S620

D40

016

003

S612

C344

S620

004

017

C344

S612

005

S620

C344

027

006

D49

C344

028

007

D49

C344

029

008

D49

C344

030

009

D49

C344

031

32

D49

032
D49

036
C 344

038
C344

039
C 344

040
(' 344

041
C 344

042
C 344

043
C 344

044
C 344

045
C 344

050
S612
S 620

051
S 620

052
S 612
S615
S620

053
S 612
S 620

057
S586

063
D49

064
D49

065
D49

066
I) 49

067
D 49

074
C 344

079
C 344

080
C 344
S 599

081
C341
S595
C342
S604
S599
C 344
S605
C 343

082
C 341

C343

S623

S 599

123

084

S620

S623

124

085

S612

S 623

S620

086

125

S612

S612

S620

S620

087

126

S620

S623

088

127

S620

S 623

S 615

128

S 612

S623

089

129

S 620

S623

S 615

130

S612

C315

091

S597

S623

S623

092

131

S623

C315

093

S623

S586

132

S623

C 315

095

151

S623

FIR 6, p. 190

099

D42

n 49

S594

100

S613

D49

C340

102

152

I) 49

D42

103

C346

D49

S 594

115

FIR 6, p. 190

FIR 6, p. 190

FL 630

116

S613

C 350

FIR 6, p. 139

C 346

153

FIR 6. p. 190

C 319

C 352

C 346

S599

FL630

C341

154

117

FIR 6, p. 93

C335

156

C341

FL633

C 346

S603

120

S608

FIR 6. p. 107

S618

S 596

157

S607

C315

S623

C 332

121

C339

C315

C347

S 623

D43

S 596

S592

C347

S 597

S597

S 601

122

S 603

C347

S608

S 620

S 610

S611
S618
S623

158
C 315
C 347
S597
S 623

159
S602

160
C 315
D48

161
C 315
D48

162
C 315
C347
D48

163
C315
C347
D48
S623

164
C 315
C347
D48
S623

165
C 315
C 347
S623

166
C 315
C 336
S597
S 623

167
C315

168
C315

193
C 315
C 338

194
C315
C347
D44
D45
D46
D47
FL631
S616

195
C 315
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D 48 236 C 344

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C 336 C 315 338

C 347 267 C 344

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FL631 268 C 344

S597 C315 359

198 269 D 49
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C 336 271 D 49

C347 C315 361

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199 273 D 49
C 315 C 315 363

C 347 274 D 49

D48 C315 364

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200 C 315 365

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201 302 D 49
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C 315 326 C 344

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C 315 327 C 344

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34

iiiSm^.^O' Library . Serials

f fl I |(l|||T1liii!lriir'?^-'

5 WHSE 00501

349. Use of abstracts and summaries as communica-
tion devices in technical articles. By F. Bruce
Sanford. February 1971, iii + 11 pp., 1 fig.

350. Research in fiscal year 1969 at the Bureau of
Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory,
Beaufort, N.C. By the Laboratory staff. No-
vember 1970, ii + 49 pp., 21 figs., 17 tables.

351. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Exploratory
Fishing and Gear Research Base, Pascagoula,
Mississippi, July 1, 1967 to June 30, 1969. By
Harvey R. BuUis, Jr., and John R. Thompson.
November 1970, iv -|- 29 pp., 29 figs., 1 table.

352. Upstream passage of anadromous fish through

navigation locks and use of the stream for spawn-
ing and nursery habitat. Cape Fear River N C
1962-66. By Paul R. Nichols and Darrell' e!
Louder. October 1970, iv -|- 12 pp., 9 figs. 4
tables.

356. Floating laboratory for study of aquatic organ-
isms and their environment. By George R.
Snyder, Theodore H. Blahm, and Robert J. Mc-
Connell. May 1971, iii + 16 pp., 11 figs.

361. Regional and other related aspects of shellfish
consumption — some preliminary findings from
the 1969 Consumer Panel Survey. By Morton
M. Miller and Barrel A. Nash. June 1971, iv +
18 pp., 19 figs., 3 tables, 10 apps.

UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF COAAMERCE

NATIONAL OCEANIC & ATMOSPHESIC ADMINISTRATION

NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE

SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS STAFF

BLDG. 67, NAVAL SUPPORT ACTIVITY

SEAHLE. WASHINGTON 98115

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