COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR I Mafine Biological Laboratory SEP 2 01957 WOODS HOLE, MASS. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE CIRCULAR 48 CONTENTS Page Tuna Clipper 3 Tuna Bait Fishing 4 Two-Pole Tuna Fishing 4 Halibut Schooner 5 Halibut Long- Line 6 Steel Cable Long-Line 6 Salmon Trolling 7 Snapper Fishing 8 Swordfish Vessel 9 Swordfish Harpooning Gear. 10 Atlantic Trawler, Large 11 Atlantic Trawler, Medium 12 Atlantic Otter Trawl 13 Atlantic Dragger, Small 14 Pacific Dragger 15 Shrimp Trawler, Large 16 Shrimp Trawler, Medium 17 Shrimp Trawl 17 Beam Trawler, Alaska 18 Menhaden Purse Seiner 19 Menhaden Purse Seining 20 Salmon Purse Seiner 21 Salmon Purse Seining 22 Drum Seining 22 Herring and Salmon Purse Seiner 23 Sardine and Tuna Purse Seiner 24 Gill Net, Great Lakes 2 5 Gill Net Operation, Great Lakes 25 Gill Net, North Atlantic 26 Salmon Gill Netter 27 Shark Gill Netter 28 Haul Seine 29 Sardine Weir 29 Pound Net, Atlantic Coast 30 Floating Salmon Trap 30 Pound Net, Great Lakes 31 Fyke Net 31 Hoop Net 32 Smelt Fishing 32 Lobster Pots 33 Spiny Lobster Trap 33 Crayfish Trap 34 Blue Crab Fishing 35 Dungeness Crab Trap 36 Oyster Gear 37 Oyster Dredge 37 to 38 Clam Fishing 39 to 40 Sea Scallop Fishing 41 Abalone Fishing 42 Sponge Fishing 43 Net Knots and Needles 44 Sinkers 44 Fish Hooks 45 to 46 Tuna Jigs 47 Fishing Spoons 47 Swivels 48 Floats and Buoys 48 List of Fishery Leaflets 49 COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR By GUSTAF T. SUNDSTROM, Illustrator BUREAU OF COMMERCIAL FISHERIES CIRCULAR 48 FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, Arnie J. Suomela, Commissioner UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, Fred A. Seaton, Secretary UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE • WASHINGTON • 1957 For sole by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Governinent Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. : Price W cents U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE INTRODUCTION The United States with its long coastline on two oceans, the great inland lakes, and large rivers, is among the leading nations of the world concerned with commercial fishing. The gear and fishing vessels are naturally of a great variety, but the hook, the net, and the trap are still, as they have been for centuries, the main types of gear used. Hooks by the hundreds are now used on one line, called the long-line; nets have been developed into purse seines, beam and otter trawls, and mile-long gill nets; traps have been enlarged into the gigantic traps for salmon and the extensive Great Lakes trap nets. Sail and steam have given way to gasoline and Diesel power. Shipbuilding techniques and fishing exper- iences are reflected in the modern fishing vessel. When the fishing grounds are located far from the home port, freezing facilities have sonrietimes been installed aboard the vessel. Most of the larger fishing vessels are now equipped with electronic navigation and fish-finding de- vices. A recent development in fishing gear is the power block used in the salmon fisheries. The midwater trawl has been successfully intro- duced into some European fisheries within the last few years, but thi s gear is still in the experimental stage in America. A selection of some of the most important types of fishing gear and vessels in use today, in the United States and Alaska, is illustrated in this leaflet. Descriptions of representative types of fishing vessels are also included. General range of length, beam, draft, net tonnage, construction, engine, refrigeration, speed, average crew, length of trip and convertibility, are indicated. The main fishing areas are shown on maps, and includes only United States fishing activities. Leaflets describing in detail some of the fishing methods men- tioned herein are available on request. See list inside back cover. CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR TUNA CLIPPER TUNA CUPPER MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION Length in Feet 6C to 150 Beam in Feet 20 to 32 Draft in Feet 8. G to 15. 4 Net Tonnage 60 to 300 Construction Steel or Wood Engine: Type Diesel Horsepower 250 to 1200 Type of Refrigeration Mechanical or Brine Tanks Cruising Speed 10 to 12 Knots Average Crew 9 to 21 Length of Trip 35 to 85 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear. None U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE TUNA BAIT FISHING Lampaia Seine TWO-POLE TUNA FISHING squid" feather jic WITH BARBLE5S HOOK CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR HALIBUT SCHOONER ^^....>r^ HALIBUT SCHOONER Pacific Coast Length in Feet 55 to 85 Beam in Feet 1 5 to 23 Draft in Feet 7 to 10 Net Tonnage 30 to 55 Construction Wood Engine: Type Gas or Diesel Horsepower 125 to 300 Type of Refrigeration Ice Cruising Speed 6 to 10 Knots Average Crew. 5 to 10 Length of Trip 20 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Trawl, and Troll MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION CANADA PACIFIC OCEAN U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE HALIBUT LONG- LINE LIGHT STEEL CABLE LONG- LINE BUOY LINE SPOOL CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR SALMON TROLLING LEADER ARRANGEMENT FOR PLUG. SALMON T ROLLER Length in Feet 25 to 60 Beam in Feet 8 to 18 Draft in Feet 2. 5 to 7 Net Tonnage 5 to 26 Construction Wood, some Steel Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Horsepower 25 to 165 Type of Refrigeration Ice Cruising Speed 6 to 10 Knots Average Crew. 1 to 3 Length of Trip Up to 14 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Halibut Long Line, Albacore Trolling MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION ALASKA CANADA PACIFIC OCEAN ^ U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE SNAPPER FISHING SOUNDING LEAD SNAPPER BOAT Length in Feet 32 to 103 Beam in Feet 1 0 to 30 Draft in Feet 3 to 1 1 Net Tonnage 5 to 98 Construction Wood Engine: Type Oil Horsepower 30 to 1 10 Type of Refrigeration Ice Cruising Speed 6 to 10 Knots Average Crew 2 to 10 Length of Trip 7 to 14 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Tuna Long Line MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION Miss. Ala. Texas MEXICO CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR SWORDF/SH VESSEL SWORDFISH VESSEL Length in Feet 32 to 83 Beam in Feet 9 to 2 1 Draft in Feet 3 to 10 Net Tonnage 5 to 56 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Horsepower 50 to 150 Type of Refrigeration Ice or None Cruising Speed 5 to 8 Knots Average Crew 2 to 3 Length of Trip 1 to 16 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Trawl, Seine, Lobster Pots, Clam Dredge and Gill Netter MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION m ATLANTIC OCEAN 428737 0—57 10 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE FROM ABOVE SWORDFISH HARPOONING GEAR CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 11 ATLANTIC TRAWLER Laige ATLANTIC TRAWLER, LARGE Length in Feet 85. 5 to 140 Beam in Feet 18. 3 to 26 Draft in Feet 10 to 15 Net Tonnage 150 or over Construction Wood or Steel Engine: Type Diesel Horsepower 320 to 735 Type of Refrigeration Ice Cruising Speed 7 to 15 Knots Average Crew. 8 to 17 Length of Trip 5 to 14 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear None MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION CANADA ATLANTIC OCEAN 12 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE ATLANTIC DRA66ER Medium ATLANTIC DRAGGER, MEDIUM Length in Feet 60 to 100 Beam in Feet 14 to 23 Draft in Feet 6 to 1 3 Net Tonnage 51 to 150 Construction Wood or Steel Engine: Type Diesel Horsepower 155 to 400 Type of Refrigeration Ice Cruising Speed 6 to 13 Knots Average Crew 5 to 15 Length of Trip 1 to 14 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Scallop Dredge, Purse Seine, and Harpoon MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION ^r^cJ CANADA Maine ATLANTIC OCEAN CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 13 ATLANTIC OTTER TRAWL -^- 14 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE ATLANTIC DRAGGER Small ATLANTIC DRAGGER, SMALL Length in Feet 30 to 74 Beam in Feet 9 to 20 Draft in Feet 2^ to 9 Net Tonnage 50 or under Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Horsepower 50 to 260 Type of Refrigeration Ice Cruising Speed 4. 5 to 11 Knots Average Crew 2 to 9 Length of Trip 1 to 8 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Gill Net, Clam Dredge, and Purse Seine MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION Maine ATLANTIC OCEAN CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 15 PACIFIC DRAGGER PACIFIC DRAGGER MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION Length in Feet 48 to 100 Beam in Feet 15 to 25 Draft in Feet 5 to 12 Net Tonnage 20 to 90 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel Horsepower 50 to 450 Type of Refrigeration Ice Cruising Speed 9 to 12 Knots Average Crew 4 to 7 Length of Trip 1 to 10 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Purse Seine, TroU, Tuna and Halibut Long -Line ALASKA PACIFIC OCEAN CANADA 16 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE SHRIMP TRAWLER SHRIMP TRAWLER LARGE MEDIUM Length in Feet 50 to 90 28 to 55 Beam in Feet 12 to 24 5 to 18 Draft in Feet 3 to 9 1 . 5 to 4 Net Tonnage 25 to 38 8 to 24 Construction Wood, some Wood Steel Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Diesel or Gas Horsepower. . . 30 to 340 25 to 165 Type of Refrigeration.. Mechanical Ice or Ice Cruising Speed 7 to 15 Knots 5 to 8 Knots Average Crew 2 to 5 2 to 4 Length of Trip 1 to 42 Days 1 to 24 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear. Hand Lines Hand Lines MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION n,c. S.C./# GULF OF MEXICO «P MEXICO CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 17 SHRIMP TRAWLER Medium A SHRIMP TRAWL ..h. SfERN RIG FOR TOWING THE TRAWL 428737 O -57 -3 18 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE BEAM TRAWLER Shrimp Alaska BEAM TRAWLER (Shrimp), ALASKA Length in Feet 45 to 60 Beam in Feet 13 to 40 Draft in Feet 5 to 7 Net Tonnage 14 to 30 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Horsepower 100 to 165 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 6 to 9 Knots Average Crew 3 to 4 Length of Trip 1 Day Convertibility to Other Types of Gear None \ CANADA \ PACIFIC OCEAN CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 19 MENHADEN PURSE SEINER MENHADEN PURSE SEINER Length in Feet 82 to 134 Beam in Feet 18. 5 to 27 Draft in Feet 8 to 1 1 . 8 Net Tonnage 38 to 230 Construction Wood, some Steel Engine: Type Diesel Horsepower 240 to 1000 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 9 to 16 Knots Average Crew 23 to 34 Length of Trip 1 to 5 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear. None MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION ATLANTIC OCEAN MEXICO 20 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE MENHADEN PURSE SEINING READY TO BRAIL CATCH %'■ .-K^ •«--*. MENHADEN PURSE SEINE ':P CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 21 i SALMON PURSE SEINER SALMON PURSE SEINER Length in Feet 35 to 80 Beam in Feet 16. 5 to 22 Draft in Feet 3. 5 to 9 Net Tonnage 7 to 40 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Horsepower 35 to 300 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 8. 5 to 14 Knots Average Crew 4 to 9 Length of Trip 1 to 2 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Long- Line, Trawl and Troll MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION CANADA PACIFIC OCEAN Wash. 22 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE SALMON PURSE SEINING POWER BLOCK LIFTING THE PURSE HAULING THE SEINE DRUM SEINING Noith Pacific Coast OPERATING LEVERS LEVEL-WIND DRUM LEVEL-WIND SPOOLERS WHEN NOT IN USE lENCTM Of PURSE SEINE 2S0 TO 300 FATHOMS . JT 18 FATHOMS 0£tP (STBETCHfr- BUILT-IN WELL STARTING A SET l^'l FISHERMAN OPCnATING , 'y ■ / DRUM AND LEVEL-WIND >-y CONTROLS />-> REELING IW THE jjET PURSE RINGS SLIP OFF THE PIN WHEN DRUM 1$ RECLINe IN THE NET- PURSING THE NET '' W' PURSE LINE IS TAKEN IN BV THE AND COILED DOWN ON DECK A MECHANICAL OR HYDRAULIC SYSTEM OPERATE THE DRUM, DRUM IS 6-8 FEET TN DtAM, CORE OF DRUM ABOUT 10 INCHES IN OlAM. CLOTHESPIN HOLDING THE RIN6S AFTER \PURSINC THE \ NET ■T PURSE LINE CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 23 Herring and Salmon PURSE SEINER HERRING AND SALMON PURSE SEINER Length in Feet 50 to 90 Beam in Feet 14 to 28 Draft in Feet 5 to 12 Net Tonnage 20 to 100 Construction Wood, some Steel Engine: Type Diesel Horsepower 165 to 500 Type of Refrigeration Mechanical Cruising Speed 8 to 1 5 Knots Average Crew 5 to 12 Length of Trip 1 to 5 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Pilchard and Tuna Seine MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION 24 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE Sardine and Tuna PURSE SEINER SARDINE AND TUNA PURSE SEINER Length in Feet 65 to 100 Beam in Feet 19 to 28 Draft in Feet 10 to 13 Net Tonnage 50 to 150 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel Horsepower. 165 to 600 Type of Refrigeration Mechanical or Ice Cruising Speed 8 to 10 Knots Average Crew 10 to 13 Length of Trip 1 to 30 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Trawl MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION m Oregon PACIFIC OCEAN --urn MEXICO (^ CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 25 GILL NET Great Lakes GILL NET OPERATION Great Lakes -1 v^ NET i, 1 1 I n ~~ ? - 1 ii LIFTER _JI OUTBOORD '^1 ■ 1 r s=^^^^ swinaine ARuiStWKk ^1 1 , _ ''°'-'-"-*iM(^ m 1 a. ^^^ III 'li'" " mjf*^ NET LIFTER IN OPERATION NET BOX DRYINO GILL NETS 26 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE GILL NET GILL HETTEH HAUUNC THE NET FISHING 4T 20-40 FATHOMS FDR COD, HAOOOCK, AND POLLOCK STRING OF NETS I 12 lo 16 SOXES ) 2000-2500 FATHOMS IN LENGTH GILL NETTER Length in Feet 34 to 69 Beam in Feet 10 to 16 Draft in Feet 4 to 8 Net Tonnage 5 to 36 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel, Some Gas Horsepower lOO to 170 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 5 to 10 Knots Average Crew. 3 to 7 Length of Trip 8 Hours to 1 Day Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Lobster Pots, Trawl, Clam Dredge MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION Maine ..• Jm ATLANTIC OCEAN Mass.^ CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 27 SALMON GILL NETTER Noith Pacfic Coast DRUM WITH NET SALMON GILL NETTER Length in Feet 22 to 32 Beam in Feet 7 to 16. 5 Draft in Feet l| to 3 Net Tonnage f to 7 Construction Wood Engine: Type Gas Horsepower 50 to 140 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 7 to 22 Knots Average Crew. 1 to 2 Length of Trip 1 to 2 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear. Hand -Line, Troll MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION ALASKA CANADA PACIFIC OCEAN Wash 26 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE SHARK GILL NETTER Pacific Coast -* J. «<>»><• PACIFIC SHARK GILL NETTER Length in Feet 30 to 60 Beam in Feet 10 to 15 Draft in Feet 3 to 7 Net Tonnage 6 to 2 5 Construction Wood Engine: Type Gas Horsepower 75 to 150 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 8 to 1 1 Knots Average Crew 4 to 6 Length of Trip 2 to 6 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Geai Purse Seine, Troll, Trawl, and Halibut Long- Line MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION PACIFIC OCEAN i CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 29 HAUL SEINE -^')^. SARDINE WEIR Maine 30 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE POUND NET Atlantic Coast double heart tkap With anchors FLOATING SALMON TRAP Alaska •t /T C ^■v^sreio CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR POUND NET Great Lakes 31 FVKE NET _?Pi^, 4; 4 2 TO 5 FEET IN OiaMETEB 9 TO 18 FEET IN LENGTH ^=— ,»JL/ 'I .^'■jt y J-* liv"^ s N, 32 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE '^^ ~_ ^00? NET BROOK HOOP NET 8 TO 18 FEET IN LENGTH 9 TO 18 FEET IN LENGTH MOUTH 3 TO 6 FEET IN DIAM MQUTH 3' TO 5 W. - IV.'tO 3 H. SMELT FISHING Great Lakes Region CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 33 LOBSTER POTS Maine iOBSTEtlS AHC ueASURCD FOR ueAL Size SPINY LOBSTER TRAP Florida 34 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE CRAYFISH TRAP Fiesh-Watei Fishing , r - ,<<;■■ .-V "^ WEIGHT '7/ SL"-,^jma^ CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 35 BLUE CRAB FISHING CRAB POT PATENT CRAB TROT LINE PATENT CRABBER MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION Length in Feet 32 to 40 Beam in Feet 8 to 12 Draft in Feet 3 to 4 Net Tonnage 5 to 7 Construction Wood Engine: Type Gas Horsepower 25 to 100 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 8 to 10 Knots Average Crew 1 to 2 Length of Trip 1 Day Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Trot Line ATLANTIC OCEAN 36 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE DUNGENESS CRAB TRAP Pacific Coast DUNGENESS CRAB BOAT Length in Feet 30 to 65 Beam in Feet 10 to 14 Draft in Feet 3 to 6 Net Tonnage 3 to 20 Construction Wood or Steel Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Horsepower 75 to 150 Cruising Speed 8 to 14 Knots Average Crew 2 to 3 Length of Trip 1 to 10 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Purse Seine, Troll, and Hali- but Long- Line MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION ALASKA I I CANADA PACIFIC OCEAN », CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 37 OYSTER GEAR Chesapeake Bay OYSTER DREDGE Atlantic Coast SUCTION TYPE .---^ 38 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE OYSTER DREDGE PACIFIC COAST OYSTER DREDGE Length in Feet 34 to 96 Beam in Feet 8 to 23 Draft in Feet 2 . 5 to 8 Net Tonnage 2 5 to 70 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Horsepower 25 to 275 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 8 to 15 Knots Average Crew 1 to 10 Length of Trip 1 Day Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Clam or Crab Dredge MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION ATLANTIC OCEAN MEXICO CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 39 CLAM FISHING Atlantic Coast OPERATION FISHING IN 30-40 FT OF WATER HOSE 250 FT IN LENGTH HYDRAULIC SURF CLAM DREDGE LENGTH 7 Inchis GUAM DREDGER MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION Length in Feet 31 to 62 Beam in Feet 9 to 18 Draft in Feet 3 to 9 Net Tonnage 3 to 40 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Horsepower 25 to 250 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 8 to 1 1 Knots Average Crew 1 to 3 Length of Trip 1 Day Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Trawl, Gill Net. Crab Dredge, and Trot Line ^ ATLANTIC OCEAN N.C 40 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE CLAM FISHING Atlantic Coast CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 41 SEA SCALLOP FISHING SEA SCALLOP DRACX^ER Length in Feet 40 to 100 Beam in Feet 16 to 22 Draft in Feet 6, 5 to 1 1 Net Tonnage 15 to 80 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel Horsepower 1 10 to 330 Type of Refrigeration Ice Cruising Speed 7 to 12 Knots Average Crew 6 to 12 Length of Trip 6 to 12 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Purse Seine, Otter Trawl, and Long- Line MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION Maine N.J ATLANTIC OCEAN 42 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE ABA LONE FISHING Caliioinia 4.1 ABALONE BOAT Length in Feet 24 to 32 Beam in Feet 8 to 1 0 Draft in Feet 2 to 3 Net Tonnage 4 to 6 Construction Wood Engine: Type Gas Horsepower 90 to 165 Type of Refrigeration None or Ice Cruising Speed 8 to 12 Knots Average Crew 3 Length of Trip 6 to 8 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear. None MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION PACIFIC OCEAN MEXICO \ CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 43 SPONGE FISHING ^^^^^rv-^.'^H SPONGE BOAT MAIN AREA OF FISHING OPERATION Length in Feet 36 to 48 Beam in Feet 1 1 to 1 5 Draft in Feet 4 to 6 Net Tonnage 6 to 10 Construction Wood Engine: Type Diesel or Gas Horsepower 25 to 150 Type of Refrigeration None Cruising Speed 6 to 8 Knots Average Crew 5 to 8 Length of Trip , 1 to 20 Days Convertibility to Other Types of Gear Otter Trawl (Shrimp), and Hand Lines ATLANTIC OCEAN GULF OF MEXICO 44 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE NET KNOTS and NEEDLES ■<--2 INSTPETCHEO MESH--^ SINKERS (Si Pi (5) PYRAMID SINKER CANNON BALL SINKER SPINNING SINKER BANK SINKERS CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 45 F/SH HOOKS Vaiiety o( Patterns f f r ^ / / / / / TAPEffED ere BAj-ere LOOpeDere NeeotE eve hole in flat FLarreo markeoshank marked tapered knobbed shank / y / / RINGED HOOK EfEDHOOK WRNED LP TAPeRED E Y£ TURNED DOMN TURNED DCMN BALL EYE TURNED UP Ragulor Forged SHANK CROSS SECTION CIRCLE HOOK SQUID HOOKS HUMPINSHANK SUCES ON SHANK SHANK SENT SACK SALMON HOOKS CODFISH HOOKS ; rZ -I HALIBUT HOOKS HERRING BAIT HOOK 46 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE nnnrprprp t 3 10 INCHES A 9 6—7 OSHAUGHNESSY TIES for EYE and TAD HOOKS (VOffiish A e 9 when finished) CIRCULAR 48, COMMERCIAL FISHING VESSELS AND GEAR 47 TUNA JIGS DOUBLE TUNA HOOK SQUID BAIT HOOK PIPE SQUID ■4 ■3 \2 FISHING SPOONS The ZommQXz\a\ Fisherman SALMON TROLLING SPOONS EGG WOBBLER (Solmon Spoon ) 48 U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE SWIVELS BOX SWIVELS 't^V'oV-' BUCKLE SWIVEL i 2, ., i - 2 CROSS LINE SWIVEL OO© TROLLING SWIVEL HEAVY DUTY SWIVEL 490 — 900 POUND TBT PUMP SWIVEL THREE POLE TUNA SWIVEL o O CODFISH SWIVELS PURSE LINE SWIVEL and LINKS SNAP SWIVEL 2 "A TO 6 DIAM. CORK SEINE FLOATS FLOATS and BUOYS # 3"D14M, S'LDNG 5" DIAM 9" ^NG PLASTIC FLOATS \ ^^EXPANOEO PLASTIC CI>«. 3" DIAM. 6" LONG CEDAR FLOATS -. FLOAT l^utiDflr biaddflr in convos bog GLASS FLOATS I7"0IAM ROUND CANVAS FLOAT SCOTCH euOY BAG Tor impregnoled linen duck STEEL BUOY 6" DIAM. h=« ^ TRAP NET FLOATS 3" » 6" to 6"x 22" BUOY KEG 5 to IS gollon U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1957 O— 428737 MBL WHO' Jr"" 5 WHSE 00106 FISHERY LEAFLETS F. L. 64 - Construction and Operation of Lobster Gear F. L. 225 - Gear Used in the Sea Scallop Fishery F. L. 262 - Crab Pot Construction (Chesapeake Bay Type) F. L. 291 - Trotline Construction, Operation and Maintenance (Chesapeake Bay .Type) F. L. 373 - Atlantic Coast Mackerel Purse Seine F. L. 379 - New England Sink Gill Net F. L. 386 - Pacific Salmon Drift Gill Netting F. L. 387 - Commercial Salmon Trolling F. L. 394 - Gulf of Mexico Shrimp Trawl Design F. L. 302 - Kite Rigs for Otter Trawl Gear F. L. 316 - Increasing the Spread of Shrimp Trawls F. L. 343 - Floating Trawls F. L. 365 - Drum Seining F. L. 400 - The Pond Net Fishery in Virginia F. L. 419 - Dungeness Crab Pots F. L. 422 - Construction Details of Improved Tuna Long- Line Gear F. L. 437 - Assembly Methods for Otter-Trawl Nets Send requests to-- U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Department of the Interior Washington 25, D. C. Give leaflet number and title. ^