a os Gh oe A Ue ay ae Pa keys wes Ue ’ y i Wa iM Ants re as a re Hs 4 FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. By BARTON WARREN EVERMANN, A. M., Ph. D., and ALVIN SEALE, A. B. BUREAU OF FISHERIES DOCUMENT NO. 607. B. B. F. 1906—4 49 egaTHSONLAN™ LIBRARIES “- 2 FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. By BARTON WARREN EVERMANN, A. M., PH. D., AND ALVIN SEALE, A. B. a Among the exhibits made by the U.S. Bureau of Insular Affairs at the Lou- isiana Purchase Exposition, held at St. Louis, Missouri, during the summer and fall of 1904, was a considerable collection of fishes from the Philippine Islands. This collection had been made under the direction of the Philippine government for the specific purpose mentioned. At the close of the exposition the authorities turned the entire collection over to the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries for study and report. The localities represented in the collection are as follows: San Fabian, Pangasinan, Luzon.—San Fabian is situated on the Gulf of Lin- gayen, about 100 miles north of Manila. The collection from this place was made by Mr. C. L. Hall and is a large and important one. Bacon, Sorsogon, Luzon.—Sorsogon is the most southern province of Luzon. Bacon is situated in the northern part of the province, on Albay Inlet, in approxi- mately latitude 13° 3’ north and longitude 124° east. Bulan, Sorsogon, Luzon.—Bulan is on the west coast of Sorsogon, near the southern end of the province, approximately in latitude 12° 38’ north, longitude 123° 22’ east. The collections from Bacon and Bulan are more extensive than any of the others. They were made by Prof. Charles J. Pierson, of Auburn, Nebraska, while a teacher in the Philippines. Zamboanga, Mindanao.—Zamboanga, in the province of the same name, is at the extreme southern end of the western arm of Mindanao, in latitude 6° 54’ north and longitude 122° east. It is situated on the Strait of Basilan, about 500 miles south of Manila. The specimens from this place were collected by Braulio Barbazo, who made also a small collection at Jolo, presumably on the island of Jolo. The specimens were originally preserved in formalin in most cases, and after- wards transferred to alcohol. The excellent condition of most of the specimens in all of these collections indicates that the respective collectors did their work well and conscientiously, and the species represented show that the collecting was done intelligently and with proper discrimination. It is apparent that an intelligent and successful effort was made to have as many as possible of the important food fishes of the islands represented in the collections; and the large representation of the 51 52 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. smaller, less conspicuous species evidences the fact that methods of collecting were employed such as are known only to the trained naturalist. In this way many specimens of more than usual scientific interest were secured. The fish-fauna of the Philippines has been but little studied. Enoughis known, however, to show that it is an exceedingly rich one. Not only is it rich in species, but many of the species are abundant in individuals; indeed, many species occur in reat prodigality. Although the native methods employed in the fisheries are primitive,the methods of preparing the products of the fisheries for use equally primitive, and methods of preserving the products are practically unknown, nevertheless fish food forms a large and important item in the diet of the inhabitants of the Philippines. The natural food resources of Philippine waters are believed to be enormous, embracing not only a great number of fishes, but many species of edible mollusks, crustaceans, and alge, which as yet are scarcely recognized in the islands as fit for food. The development of these resources is a matter worthy the best efforts of the govern- ment. Effort should first be directed toward determining what the resources really are—what species of fishes and other aquatic animals and what aquatic plants occur, how abundant each is, its geographic distribution among the islands, and its life history, including its food and its enemies. The present paper is a contribution to that end. The collections upon which this report is based embrace a total of nearly 2,500 specimens, representing 89 families, 139 genera, and 296 species, of which 2 genera and 22 species are believed to be new, and are here described. It has not been deemed necessary to give full descriptions of any species except those believed to be new. Ordinarily attention has been called only to those char- acters which will prove useful in identifying the species. All the specimens bear tin-tag numbers, and these are printed in the report in order that each specimen may be fully authenticated. The first series of specimens, including the types of all the new species, is deposited in the U.S. National Museum. The first duplicate series has been sent to the government museum at Manila. The second duplicate series has been deposited in the museum of Stanford University, and the third in the reserve series of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. The vernacular names, printed in italics, are those furnished by the collectors. Only such synonymy is given as is necessary to connect this report with works which a student of Philippine fishes must consult in studying these species. Usually the first reference to any particular publication is made complete; subsequent refer- ences to the same publication are made more brief. In synonymy the name of the locality from which each species wassoriginally described is printed in heavy-face type; other locality references are printed in ordinary type and are in parentheses. Two editions of the Histoire Naturelle des Poissons by Cuvier and Valenciennes o to} his field notes, and Messrs. Edmund Lee Goldsborough and Howard Walton Clark, of the Bureau of Fisheries, for assistance of various kinds in the preparation of this report. The accompanying illustrations are from drawings by Mr. A. H. Baldwin and Miss Annie Swift Buckelew. Those made by Miss Buckelew are figures 11, 12, 15, and 17. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 53 volumes. The dates of publication of these two editions are identical, but the pagi- nation is different. In our references we have given the page of each edition, that of the quarto edition (the one in our library) first, followed by that of the octavo edition in parenthesis. The bibliography at the end of the report lists the more important publications consulted. Family ELOPIDA. 1. Elops saurus Linnwus. One large specimen from Bulan (no. 4182; length 34 in.), agreeing in all essential respects with others from Florida. Elops saurus Linneus, Systema Nature, ed. x1, 518, 1766, Carolina; Giinther, Catalogue Fishes British Museum, vir, 470, 1868; Day, Fishes of India, 649, pl. cLXv1, fig. 1, 1878; Jordan & Evermann, Fishes of North and Middle America, pt. 1, 410, 1896 (Oct. 3); Jordan & Evermann, American Food and Game Fishes, 86, fig., 1902; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., XxuI, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 53, fig. 8 (Honolulu). 2. Megalops cyprinoides (Broussonet). Buan-buan. Three specimens from Bulan (no. 4151, 4153, and 4183; length 10.5 to 16.5 in.) and one from Tarlac (no. 4132; length 11 in.). Clupea cyprinoides Broussonet, Ichth., 1, pl. 9, 1782. Megalops cyprinoides, Giinther, Cat., vu, 471. Family CHIROCENTRIDA. 3. Chirocentrus dorab (Forskal). Botete. Three fine specimens from San Fabian (no. 4179, 4180, and 4181; length 15.2 to 16 in.) and one from Bacon (no. 3410; length 13.25 in.). Clupea dorab Forskal, Deser. Anim., 72, 1775, Red Sea. Chirocentrus dorab, Giinther, Cat., vil, 475; Day, Fishes India, 652, pl. CLXVI, fig. 3. Family CLUPEID. 4. Stolephorus delicatulus (Bennett). Two hundred and fifteen specimens from Bacon (no. 3915, 3502, 4080, and 4009; length 1.5 to 2.75 in.) and five from Bulan (no. 3756; length 2.75 in.). Clupea delicatula Bennett, Proc. Comm. Zool. Soc. London, 1, 168, 1831, Mauritius, Spratelloides delicatula, Giinther, Cat., vu, 464. 5. Stolephorus gracilis (Temminck & Schlegel). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3768 and 3501; length 1 to 2.2 in.). This species (with dorsal 11 and anal 13) can not be identical with Atherina japonica Houttuyn (with dorsal 17 and anal 22 or 23) as suggested by Dr. Jordan. Clupea gracilis Temminck & Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Pisces, 238,-pl. evi, fig. 2, 1842, Japan. Spratelloides gracilis, Giinther, Cat., vu, 465. 6. Harengula moluccensis Bleecker. Ten specimens from Bacon (no. 3606 to 3609 3449 to 3551, 4026 and 4027, and 3932; length 4.2 to 5.75 in.) and 8 from Bulan (no. 3426 to 3432 and 3893; length 4.1 to 5.25 in.). The base of the ventrals is under the middle of the dorsal, whose origin is much nearer tip of snout than to base of caudal, or midway between tip of snout and base of last anal ray. In Bleeker’s figure of this species the ventrals are shown too far forward, as he explains in the text. Harengula moluccensis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1v, 1853, 609, Ternate; Amboyna; Giinther, Cat., vu, 427. 54 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 7. Sardinella clupeoides (Bleeker). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3243; length 8.75 in.), agreeing well with Bleeker’s figure. Amblygaster clupeoides Bleeker, Journ. Ind. Archipel., 73, 1849, Macassar, Celebes; Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 103, pl. CCLXX1I, fig. 1. Clupea clupeoides, Giinther, Cat., vil, 425. 8. Sardinella perforata (Cantor). Twelve specimens from Bacon (no. 3658 to 3669; length 4.5 to 5.5 in.), agreeing perfectly with Bleeker’s figure and description. Clupeonia perforata Cantor, Cat. Malayan Fishes, 294, 1850, Sea of Pinang. Spratella kowala Bleeker, Haringachtige Visschen, 28, Verh. Bat. Gen., XXIV, 1852, Batavia. Clupea perforata, Giinther, Cat., vu, 424. 9. Tisha hevenii (Bleeker). T'ubac. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 4127; length 6.5 in.). Pellowa hevenii Bleeker, Haringachtige Visschen, 21, Verh. Bat. Gen., XXIV, 1852, Batavia; Gunther, Cat., vi, 455. Tlisha hevenii Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 117, pl. cCLXIXx, fig. 2. Family DOROSOMATID. 10. Konosirus thrissa (Linneus). v Cd Three fine specimens (no. 4170 to 4172; length 8 to 8.5 in.), without definite locality. Last dorsal ray extending to base of caudal. Clupea thrissa Osbeck, Reise nach Ostindien und China, 336, 1765; Linnzeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 318, 1758. Clupea nasus Bloch, Ichth., x11, pl. cccCXxXIX, fig. 1, 1797. Chatoessus nasus, Giinther, Cat., vii, 407. Dorosoma nasus, Bleeker, Atlas, VI, 142, pl. ccLx, fig. 4. 11. Anodontostoma chacunda (Buchanan-Hamilton). Cabashi. Two fine specimens from Bacon (no. 3231 and 3232; length 6.1 and 7.1 in.). This species lacks the dorsal filament. Clupanodon chacunda Buchanan-Hamilton, Fish. Ganges, 246, 1822, Ganges River. Chatoessus chacund1, Giinther, Cat., vi, 411. Chatoessus selangkat Bleeker, Haringachtige Visschen, 47, Verh. Bat. Gen., xXxIv, Batavia. Dorosoma chacunda, Bleeker, Atlas, VI, pl. CCLXtI, figs. 5 (var. selangkat) and 6. Family ENGRAULID®. 12. Anchovia indica (Van Hasselt). Ten specimens from Bulan (no. 3989 and 3973; length 3.5 to 5.2 in.). Engraulis indicus Van Hasselt, Algem. Konst-Letterbode, 329, 1823. Engraulis russellii, Giinther, Cat., vu, 390. Stolephorus indicus, Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 127, pl. CcLIX, fig. 2. Family SYNODONTIDE. 13. Saurida argyrophanes (Richardson). Bitilla. Two specimens from San Fabian (no. 3673 and 3674; length 7.1 and 7.75 in.) and one from Zamboanga (No. 4083; length 7.5 in.). Saurus argyrophanes Richardson, Ichth. Chin., in Rept. Brit. Assoc., xv, 1845, 302. Saurida argyrophanes, Giinther, Cat., v, 400, 1864. Aulopus clongatus Temminck & Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Pisces, 233, pl. cv, fig. 2, 1846. 14. Saurida gracilis (Quoy & Gaimard). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3983, 3984 and 3986; length 4.75 in.). Saurus gracilis Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uran., Zool., 224, 1824, Sandwich Islands. Saurida nebulosus, Giinther, Cat., v, 399; Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 156, pl. ccLxxvu, fig. 1. Saurida gracilis, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., xx11, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 65 (Hilo and Honolulu). 7 : a8 rer yy om FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 55 15. Trachinocephalus myops (Forster). One specimen from Bulan (no. 4129; length 8 in.). Salmo myops Forster in Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 421, 1801, St. Helena. Saurus myops, Giinther, Cat., Vv, 398. Trachinocephalus myops, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., xxtit, 1903 (1905), 62, fig. 13 (Hilo and Honolulu). 16. Synodus varius (Lacépéde). Two specimens from Bulan (no. 3670 and 3671; length 7 and 7.25 in.) and one from Bacon (no. 3952; length 4 in.). Salmo varius Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 224, pl. 3, fig. 3, 1803, Ie de France. Saurus varius, Giinther, Cat., v, 395; in part. Synodus varius, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., xx, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 63, pl. 1 and fig. 14 (Hilo and Honolulu). Family MYCTOPHIDA. 17. Myctophum gilberti Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 3.5 in length; depth 4.5; eye 3 in head; dorsal x11; anal 16; snout 2 in eye; interorbital 1.5; scales large, thin, smooth, deciduous, 30 in lateral line. Body oblong, compressed, the forehead evenly rounded; lower jaw extending slightly beyond upper; depth of caudal peduncle 3 in head, equal to diameter of eye; maxillary equal to postocular part of head, its distal end extending beyond eye a distance equal to one-half of orbit; mandible 1.7 in head; mouth oblique. Teeth on jaws and palatines in narrow bands; no teeth on vomer; bands of teeth on mesopterygoids; 16 developed gillrakers on lower limb of first gill-arch, the longest 2 in eye. Arrangement of photophores: Caudal 2, one at middle of caudal base, the other at origin of lowest caudal ray; posteroanals 4; anteroanals 6, the anterior one slightly separated from its fellows; ventrals 4, the ante- rior one in axil of ventral fin; thoracics 3; pectorals 3, in form of a triangle; mandibular 3; opercular 2; Fic. 1.—Myctophum gilberti Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. posterolateral 1, very near lateral line and vertically on a line between interspace of anal photophores and base of adipose dorsal; mediolaterals 3, forming a very obtuse triangle, the upper one very near lateral line, the lower one midway between lateral line and origin of anal fin, a little too far front to form a true oblique line from posterior mediolateral to posterior ventral photophore, the anterior one on a horizontal line with the last and vertically over the posterior margin of second ventral; anterolateral 1, just above middle of pectoral fin and on first scale below lateral line. Origin of dorsal fin midway between tip of snout and posterior anal photophore, the longest ray equal in length to distance from pupil to posterior margin of opercle; origin of adipose dorsal midway between posterior axil of dorsal and base of caudal; origin of anal midway between anterior thoracic photophore and lower caudal photophore, directly below axil of dorsal, its longest ray 1.5 in head; ventrals 2.5 in head, their origin below seventh scale of lateral line; pectoral long, 1.4 in head, tip extending to anterior mediolateral photophore; caudal forked, about 1.75 in head (mutilated). 56 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. Color in spirits, yellowish white: base of dorsal black; a black area at upper margin of opercle; a dusky band on anterior third of mandible; base of caudal and top of caudal peduncle dusky. This species seems most nearly related to M. reinhardtii Liitken. Four specimens from Bulan, length 2.1 to 2.5in. Type (field no. 3841) no. 55900, U.S. National Museum; length 2.5 in., from Bulan, Sorsogon; coll. Charles J. Pierson. Of the 3 cotypes, 1 (field no. 3841) is no. 20,000, Stanford Univ. Mus.; another (field no. 3841) is in Museum at Manila, and a third (field no. 3841) is no. 4535, U.S. Bureau of Fisheries. Named for Dr. Charles H. Gilbert. Family ANGUILLIDA. 18. Anguilla mauritiana Bennett. Pabucang-binhi. One fine specimen from Tarlac (no. 4063; length 23 in.). Anguilla mauritiana Bennett, Proce. Comm. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1831, 128, Mauritius. Murzna manillensis Bleeker, Atlas, V1, 10, pl. CLXxxxvin, fig. 2, Manila, Luzon. Anguilla mauritiana, Giinther, Cat., VuII, 25. Family MURENIDA. 19. Gymnothorax richardsoni (Bleeker). One small specimen from San Fabian (no. 3842; length 5.2 in.). Murzna richardsoni Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., m1, 1852, 296, Wahai, Ceram; Giinther, Cat., ym, 118. 20. Gymnothorax afer Bloch. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3769; length 2.5 in.), which we refer doubtfully to this species. Gymnothoraz afer Bloch, Ichth., x1, 73, pl. ccccxvu, 1797. Murena afra, Giinther, Cat., vmiI, 123. Family PLOTOSIDA. 21. Plotosus anguillaris (Bloch). Swmbilang. Eleven specimens from Jolo (no. 3352 to 3357 and 3421 to 3425; length 5 to 7 in.), eleven fine specimens from Bacon (no. 3365 to 3368, 3475 to 3480 and 4034; length 5.1 to 7 in.), and 48 young from Bacon (no. 4031; length, 1 to 1.5 in.). Platystacus anguillaris Bloch, Ichth., x1, 49, pl. ccCLXX1I, fig. 1, 1797. Plotosus anguillaris, Gunther, Cat., v, 24. Family SILURIDA}. 22. Netuma thalassinus (Riippell). Tabomomo. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3244; length 8 in.), three large specimens from Bulan (no. 4186, 4187, and 4188; length 19 to 20 in.); two small specimens from ‘Philippine Islands,” without local label (no. 3939; length 3.5 and 5 in.). ; Bagrus thalassinus Ruppell, Neue Wirb., Fische, 75, pl. 20, fig. 2, 1837, Massaua. Arius thalassinus, Gunther, Cat., v, 139. Family FISTULARIIDA. 23. Fistularia petimba Lacépéde. Droal. Two specimens, one from San Fabian (no. 3407; length 15 in.), and one from Bacon (no. 4189; length 8.25 in.). Fistularia petimba Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V, 349, 1803, New Britain, Reunion Island; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. §. Fish. Comm., xx1iI, 1903 (1905), 116 (Honolulu, Hilo, Kailua, Necker Island, and Hanalei Bay, Kauai; also Japan, Samoa, Philippines, and Papeete, Tahiti). FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. Bir 24. Fistularia serrata Cuvier. Sivisivi. Three young from Bacon (no. 3984; length 9 to 12 in.). Fistularia serrata Cuvier, Régne Anim., ed. 1, vol. 1, 349, 1817, America; Giinther, Cat., 1, 533; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish. Comm., xxi, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 116 (Honolulu). Family CENTRISCIDA. 25. Aeoliscus strigatus (Giinther). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3943; length 4.75 and 5 in.). Amphisile strigata Gunther, Cat., 111, 528, Java. Family SYNGNATHID. 26. Gasterotokeus biaculeatus (Bloch). Fifteen specimens from Bacon (no. 3447 to 3451, 3505 to 3508, 3597 to 3599, 3600, 3601, 3991, and 4190: length 5.25 to 9.25 in.). With the exception of no. 4190, these specimens are all pale green, with a more or less distinct dark stripe through the eye. The body is depressed, the dorsal surface of middle body ring being at least 2.5 in ventral, differing in this respect from specimen no. 4190, which is described as follows: Head 5.2 in length; depth 5.1 in head, the greatest width of body 3.25 in head; snout 1.75; width of snout at middle one-third less than its depth; eye 4.5 in snout; interorbital 5.75; dorsal 41; rings 17+40; dorsal fin on anterior 10 caudal rings; anal opening on anterior caudal ring; origin of dorsal midway between tip of tail and nostril; tail prehensile, no caudal fin; body elongate, depressed, the ventral surface twice as wide as dorsal; plates without spines; pectoral 5.75 in head. Color greenish; snout with 2 indistinct greenish bands. Syngnathus biaculeatus Bloch, Ichth., 1v, pl. cxX1, figs. 1 and 2, 1797, no locality given. Gasterotokeus biaculeatus, Giinther, Cat., vi11, 194; Day, Fishes India, 681, pl. cLxx1v, fig. 5. 27. Corythroichthys elerze Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 7.2 in length; snout 2; eye 2.5in snout; dorsal 29; rings 16-36; a single ridge across cheek; inter- orbital 1.75 in eye; snout cylindrical, its depth and width being equal; lower surface of head and ventral surface of snout forming a straight line; depth of body greater than its width; length of body including head Fic. 2.—Corythroichthys elere Fverminn & Seale, rew species. Type. 1.45 in length of tail without caudal; a distinct nuchal ridge with 2 deep scallops; upper lateral margin of plates projecting, forming a scalloped margin on side of back; ventral surface of body rounded, dorsal surface coneaye; vent one ring in front of origin of dorsal; dorsal fin on anterior 6 rings of tail; origin of dorsal midway between tip of snout and twenty-fifth ring of tail; height of dorsal fin equal to depth of body at middle of fin; pectoral 14, its length 4.75 in head; caudal 2.2 in snout; anal rays 3, inconspicuous. 58 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. Color in spirits, pale green, with blotches of darker green on side; 3 black cross-bands on under part of thorax; some fine dark longitudinal lines on opercle, 3 on under part of head; no dark lines through eye; snout with about 5 indistinct bands of dots; a dusky blotch on base of pectoral (not always present) ; dorsal unmarked. Very near C. conspicullatus (Jenyns), but with longer snout, more posterior dorsal and the dorsal scales more roughened. $ Eight specimens from Bacon (no. 3898 and 3944; length 4.2 to 4.75 in.). Type (field no. 3944), no. 55908, U. S. National Museum, 4.75 in. in length, from Bacon, Sorsogon; collected by Chas. J. Pierson. Of the cotypes, each bearing field no. 3898, one is no. 20001, Stanford Uni- versity Museum; another is no. 4536, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, and one each is in the museum at Manila, the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, the U.S. National Museum, the Museum of Comparative Zoology, the Indiana University Museum, and the Field Museum of Natural History. Family BELONIDA. 28. Tylosurus giganteus (Temminck & Schlegel). Five specimens from Bacon (no. 3697, 3698, and 3378 to 3380; length 8.75 to 12 in.). These agree well with specimens from Hawai!. Belone gigantea Temminck & Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Pisces, 245, 1846, Nagasaki. Belone annulata, Gunther, Cat., v1, 240. Tylosurus giganteus, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., xxu1, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 124, fig. 30 (Honolulu). 29. Tylosurus leiuroides (Bleeker). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3519; length 11.25 in.); dorsal 21; anal 21. Distinguished by the long nose and low dorsal fin. Belone leiuroides Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1, 1850, 479, Billiton; Giinther, Cat., v1, 243. Family EXOC(ETID. 380. Hyporhamphus quoyi (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3460, 3617, and 3618; length 7 to 9.1 in.). These agree well with Bleeker’s figure. Hemiramphus quoyi Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XIX, 26 (35), New Guinea; Giinther, Cat., v1, 267; Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 57, pl. ccL, fig. 3. 31. Hyporhamphus dussumierii (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Four specimens from Bacon (no. 4005 and 3962; length 2.25 to 4.5 in.), and one from Bulan (no. 3739; length 10 in.). We have compared these specimens with others from Samoa identified by Jordan and Seale as H. afjinis and find them indistinguishable, and we regard H. affinis Giinther as a synonym of H. dussumierii. Hemiramphus dussumerii Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X1X, 24 (33), pl. 554, Seychelles; Giinther, Cat., v1, 266. 32. Hemiramphus marginatus (Forskil). Four fine specimens from Bacon (no. 4160 to 4163; length 10 in.) agreeing with Bleeker’s figure. Esoxr marginatus Forskal, Deser. Anim., 57, 1775, Red Sea. Hemirhamphus marginatus, Giinther, Cat., v1, 270; Bleeker, Atlas, vr, 54, pl. ccLtv, fig. 4. 33. Cypsilurus simus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3308 and 3309; length 6.5 and 6.75 in.), two from Bulan (no. 3202 and 3203; length 9.2 and 9.75 in.), and one from the ‘Philippines,’’ no definite label (no. 4164; length 9.3 in.). We have compared these with examples from Honolulu and find them to agree perfectly. Exzocetus simus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x1x, 77 (105), Hawaiian Islands. Cypsilurus simus, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., Xxx, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 134, fig. 46 (Honolulu; Waimea and Hanamaulu Bay, Kauai; and Napili, Molokai). FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 59 34. Zenarchopterus dispar (Cuvier & Valenciennes). One specimen, without lower jaw, and with mutilated caudal, probably belonging to this species, from Bacon (no. 4008; length, without bill, 4.5 in.). Dorsal xi; anal 11; scales 40. Hemiramphus dispar Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., XIX, 42 (58), pl. 558, 1846, Java; Giinther, Cat., v1, 274. Zenarchopterus dispar, Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 63, pl. ecLim, fig. 4. 35. Zenarchopterus philippinus Peters. Forty-nine specimens from Bacon (no. 3384; length 3.5 to 4.5 in.). Dorsal 14; anal 15; head 1.5 in length; lower jaw 4.5 in head; scales 46; caudal forked. Hemirhamphus (Zenarchopterus) philippinus Peters, Monatsb. Kén. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1868, 273, Luzon. Zenarchopterus philippinus, Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 63. Family ATHERINIDA. 36. Atherina temminckii Bleeker. Two specimens from Bulan (no. 3997; length 2.5 and 3.5 in.), and one from Bacon (no. 3751; length 3 in.). Head 4 in length; depth 6.3; eye 2.8 in head; snout 4.1; interorbital 3; dorsal vi-, 9; anal 12. Atherina temminckii Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., v, 1853, 506, Batavia;JJordan & Seale, Proc. U. S. National Museum, XXVUI, 1905, 774 (Negros). 37. Atherina lacunosa Forster. Five specimens from Bacon (no. 3961; length 2.75 to 3.75 in.). Head 3.8 in length without caudal; depth 4.6; eye 2.75 in head; snout 4.5; interorbital 3; dorsal y-t, 10; anal 1, 13; scales 41-7; maxillary reaching vertical at anterior edge of pupil; origin of spinous dorsal slightly nearer anal than insertion of ventrals; no dark blotch on pectoral. Atherina lacunosa Forster, Deser. Anim., 298, 1774, New Caledonia; probably not of Giinther. 38. Atherina forskalii Riippell. . Eighteen specimens from Bulan (no. 3833; length 2.1 to 3.2 in.), and 53 specimens from Bacon (no. 3653 and 3892; length 2 to 3.5 in.). Atherina forskalii Riippell, Neue Wirb., Fische, 132, pl. 33, fig. 1, 1835, Belama; Giinther, Cat., 11, 397; Day, Fishes India, 345, pl. LXXI, fig. 4. Family MUGILID2. 39. Mugil sundanensis Bleeker. . Nine specimens from Bacon (no. 3643 to 3651; length 4 to 6.2 in.). Mugil sundanensis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., tv, 265, Sumatra; Giinther, Cat., 11, 425. 40. Mugil planiceps Cuvier & Valenciennes. Five specimens from Bulan (no. 3710 to 3714; length 6.5 to 8.75 in.). Mugil planiceps Cuvier & Valenciennes, [ist. Nat. Poiss., x1, 99 (122) Calcutta; Giinther, Cat., 11, 428. Family SPHYRENID. 41. Sphyreena jello Cuvier & Valenciennes. Three specimens from Bacon (no. 4175 to 4177; length 13 to 14 in.) and 2 from Bulan (no. 4152 and 4153; length 16.35 and 19.5 in.). No. 4175 to 4177 are referred to this species with some doubt, as they are in such bad condition as to make the scale counts impossible, but in other respects they agree with S. jello. Head 3.5 in length; depth 7.5; eye 6.4 in head; snout 2.1; interorbital 4.75; scales 16-130-20. Sphurzna jello Cuvier «& Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., m1, 258 (349), 1829, Vizagapatam; Giinther, Cat., 11, 337; Day, Fishes India, 342. 60 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 42. Sphyrzena obtusata Cuvier & Valenciennes. Dumbusan. One specimen from Bulan (no. 3411; length 7.5 in.). Head 3.1 in length; depth 6.1; eye 4.5 in head; snout 2.34. Sphyrena obtusata Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, 258 (350), Pondicherry; Giinther, Cat., 11, 339; Day, Fishes India, 343, pl. LXxI, fig. 5. 43. Sphyreena langsar Bleeker. Domosot. One specimen from Bulan (no. 3412; length 8 in.), one from Bacon (no. 3942; length 5.5 in.), and 3 from San Fabian (no. 3677 and 4022; length 2.75 to 4.75 in.). These each have 75 scales in lateral line. This species is distinguished from S. obtusata by the longer snout and smaller scales. Sphyrena langsar Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., vm, 367, Batjan; Giinther, Cat., 11, 340. Family HOLOCENTRID#. 44. Myripristis pralinius Cuvier & \alenciennes. Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3223 and 3228; length 6.1 and 6.2in.). These specimens show 6 indistinct yellowish longitudinal stripes below the lateral line. Depth 2.45 in length; head 3.25; eye 2 in head; snout 6.75; scales 4-38-6; dorsal x-1, 15; anal rv, 14; eye 6.1 in head; snout 3.5 in eye; large blunt projecting teeth in each jaw. Myripristis pralinius Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 127 (170) and v1, 366 (486), New Ireland. Myripristis bleekeri Ginther, Cat., 1, 20, 1859, Sea of Banda Neira; not M. pralinius of Gtinther. 45. Myripristis microphthalmus Bleeker. Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3250 and 3723; length 7.25 and 7.5 in.) and one from Bulan (no. 3966; length 5 in.). Head 3.25 in length; depth 2.45; eye 7 in head; scales 4-29-6; dorsal x-1, 14; anal iv, 12. These speci- mens agree well with others from Samoa. Myripristis microphthalmus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 111, 261, 1852, Amboyna; Atlas, 1x, pl. cccLvi1, fig. 2; Gunther, Cat., I, 24. 46. Myripristis murdjan (Forskil). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3235, 3227 and 3637; length 6.25 to 8 in.), agreeing with Hawaiian specimens. Sciena murdjan Forskal, Descr. Anim., 48, 1775, Djidda, Red Sea.. Myripristis murdjan, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., xx111, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 157, pl. v (Honolulu, Hilo, Kailua, Laysan, and Samoa). 47. Myripristis macrolepis Bleeker. Baga-haga. One specimen (no. 3363; length 5.75 in.), from Zamboanga. Head 3 in length; depth 2.3; eye 2.01 in head; snout 3 in eye; interorbital 3.75 in head; dorsal x-1, 15; anal tv, 12; scales 3-29-5, 6 scales in front of dorsal; maxillary 1.75 in head, its distal end under posterior margin of pupil. Myripristis macrolepis Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. CCCLIX, fig. 3. 48. Holocentrus cornutus Bleeker. One specimen from Bacon (no. 6919; length 5.25 in.) and one from Bulan (no. 6928; length 6.75 in.). Head 3.2 in length; depth 2.8; eye 2.55 in head; snout 1.5; maxillary 3; mandible 2; scales 3-37—5; dorsal x1, 13; anal rv, 9, the fourth spine very long, nearly equal to head. Color in spirits, yellowish, with dark longitudinal lines, the third from dorsal terminating in a dark caudal spot; membranes of spinous dorsal dark, first webs of anal black; outer margins of caudal dark. Holocentrum cornutum Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., v, 240, Ceram; Giinther, Cat., I, 45. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 61 Family SCOMBRIDA. 49. Scomber brachysomus Bleeker. Masangui. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3271; length 8.1 in.). Gillrakers equal to distance from tip of snout to orbit, shorter than in 8. microlepidotus, from which this species is easily distinguished by the deeper body. Scomber brachysoma Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1, 356, 1850, Batavia; Giinther, Cat., 11, 361; Day, Fishes India, 251. 50. Scomber microlepidotus Riippell. Two specimens from Bacon (no. 4178 and 4174; length 10and 10.25 in.). Gillrakers long, equal to distance from tip of snout to middle of eye. Scomber microlepidotus Riippell, Neue Wirb., Fische, 38, pl. x1, fig. 2, 1837, Red Sea; Giinther, Cat., 11, 361; Day, Fishes India, 250, pl. Lrv, figs. 3, 4, and 5; Fowler, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1904, 759. 51. Scomber japonicus Houttuyn. One specimen from Bulan (no. 3912; length 5.45 in.). Blue above, silvery below. Head 3.25 in length; depth 5.2; dorsal 1x,12+-v; anal um, 11+. This species is indistinguishable from the common chub mackerel (S. colias) of the Atlantic. Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, Verh. Holl.. Maat. Weet. Haarl., xx, 1782, 331, Japan; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., xx111, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 169, fig. 62. 52. Gymnosarda pelamis (Linnus). Two specimens from Bulan (no. 4184 and 4185; length 15 and 15.25 in.). Dorsal xvi—12+-viir; anal u—12+vil. Scomber pelamis Linnzus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 297, 1758, ‘‘in pelago inter Tropicos.”’ Thynnus pelamys, Giinther, Cat., 11, 364. Gyumnosarda pelamis, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., xxii, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 172, fig. 64. 53. Rachycentron canadus (Linneus). One fine specimen from Bulan (no. 4151; length 24 in.). Head 4.05 in length; depth 6.3; eye 7.1 in head; snout 2.5; maxillary 2.5; scales about 332; dorsal vii, 32; anal 27; lateral line with several strong sharp curves. Gasterosteus canadus Linnzus, Syst. Nat., ed. xu, 491, 1766, Carolina. Scomber niger Bloch, Ichth., x, 48, pl. CCCXXXVII, 1797. Elacate pondiceriana Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vil, 241 (329), 1831, Pondicherry. Elacate niger, Giinther, Cat., 1, 375. Rachycentron canadus, Jordan & Evermann, Fishes North and Mid. Amer., 948, pl. CXLVIU, fig. 401, 1896. NESOGRAMMUS Evermann & Seale, new genus. Nesogrammus Evermann & Seale, new genus of Scombridz ( Nesogrammus piersoni) . Body long and slender, completely covered with small, thin, deciduous scales; no corselet; lateral lines 2, the lower branch leaving the main lateral line under the base of third or fourth dorsal spine, from which point it extends nearly vertically downward to lower third of side, along which it runs, approximately parallel to the ventral line of body, to caudal peduncle. Ventrals 1, 5; dorsal and anal finlets 7. Villiform teeth on vomer, palatines, and tongue; a single row of sharp, canine-like teeth in each jaw. This genus is related to Scomberomorus, from which it differs, however, in the presence of two lateral lines and in the complete squamation of the body. (vos, island; yaeauua, line.) 54. Nesogrammus piersoni Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 4.5 in length; depth 4.75; eye 4.35 in head; snout 2.85; maxillary 2.25; mandible 1.9; dorsal xu-+1, 9+vir; pectoral 1.9; ventral 3.2; anal 1, 11+vir; scales 170 in upper and 145 in lower branch of lateral line. Body elongate, moderately compressed; depth of caudal peduncle 1.9 in snout; head pointed; jaws equal; interorbital space flat, its width greater than eye; mouth large; maxillary slipping under preorbital 62 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. and ending under anterior third of eye, its distal end formed by the supplemental bone, po:nted and directed slightly upward; base of mandible under middle of eye; teeth in jaws in a single row, rather strong, triangular, about 14 to 17 on each side; minute teeth on vomer, palatines, and tongue; gillrakers rather bluntly pointed, 15 on lower limb, the longest 3 in snout; opercle and preopercle entire, the posterior margin of preopercle with a wide anterior curve in its middle portion; cheek and opercle with fine scales; body entirely covered with fine, thin deciduous scales; lateral lines 2, the upper beginning at upper edge of opercular opening and running approximately parallel with the back to below the sixth dorsal finlet, where it curves downward and unites with the lower branch; lower branch originating under base of third dorsal spine, running nearly vertically downward to level of lower edge of pectoral, where it curves backward and extends along lower third of side to middle of caudal peduncle, where it again unites with the upper branch; no corselet; breast scaled; caudal peduncle with a median keel and a smaller one above and below it. FiG. 3.—_Nesogrammus piersoni Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. Origin of spinous dorsal midway between tip of snout and third ray of soft dorsal; dorsal spines connected, except the 2 posterior ones, which do not protrude, the longest spine 2.75 in head, the 2 dorsals entirely separate ; origin of soft dorsal slightly in advance of vent, its longest ray 2.75 in head; dorsal finlets 7; origin of anal midway between base of caudal and origin of ventrals, its longest ray 3.75 in head; anal finlets 7; no free spines in front of anal; origin of ventrals below axil of pectoral, their length 3 in head; caudal deeply forked. Color in spirits, brownish above, silvery below; a large dusky blotch at origin of lateral line and in axil of pectoral; top of snout dusky; a’ dusky area through eye; membranes of spinous dorsal dusky; ventrals darker on posterior third; other fins with very shght wash of dusky. One specimen (field no. 4178), the type, no. 55899, U. S. National Museum, 16 inches long, from Bulan, Sorsogon, P. I.; collected by Prof. Charles J. Pierson, for whom the species is named. Family TRICHIURID. 55. Trichiurus haumela (Forskal). Pinka. Head 7.5 in length; depth 14; eye 6.1 in head, 2 in snout; interorbital 2.5 in snout; dorsal 129; anal represented by 106 minute spines; teeth large, 18 in upper jaw, 20 in lower; no teeth on vomer, a few minute teeth on palatines; gillrakers consisting of small, sharp spines, about 14 on lower limb. Color in spirits, silvery, bluish above; 2 bright yellow longitudinal stripes on lower half of body; dorsal yellow, with dusky margin. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3381; length 19.75 in.). Clupea haumela Forskal, Deser. Anim., 72, 1775, Red Sea. Trichiurus haumela, Giinther, Cat., 1, 348 (Malayan Peninsula; Amboyna). Family CARANGIDA. 56. Scomberoides toloo-parah (Riippell). Cassisung. Two specimens from San Fabian (no. 3716 and 3717; length 6.25 and 6.5 in.). Lichia toloo-parah Riippell, Atlas, Fische, 91, 1828, Massowah, Red Sea. Chorinemus toloo, Giinther, Cat., 11, 473. a 7 : a co FISHES Of THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 63. 57. Decapterus macrosomus Bleeker. Twelve specimens from Bulan (No. 3345, 3347 to 3349, 3351, 3521, 3522, 3524, and 3531 to 3534; length 5.75 to 8 in.) and one from Bacon (no. 4146; length 6 in.). Depth 5.5; head 3.75; about 59 plates or scales in straight portion of lateral line; origin of ventrals nearer to tip of snout than to anal. This fish is more elongate and has smaller plates than has D. kurra, and the distance between tips of ventrals and origin of anal is 1.5 in head, while in D. kurra it is much less, being about 2.5. Decapterus macrosoma Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1, 358, 1850, Batavia. Caranzx macrosoma, Giinther, Cat., 11, 425. 58. Decapterus kurra Bleeker. Six specimens from Bulan (no. 3350, 3346, 3911, 3913, 3914, and 3523; length 4 to 6 in.) Head 3 in length; depth 4.5; plates 40; distance between tips of ventrals and origin of anal short, about 2.5 in head; origin of ventrals nearer origin of anal than to tip of snout. Decapterus kurra Bleeker, Makreelachtige Visschen, 50, Verh. Bat. Gen., XXIV, 1852, Batavia. Ceranz kurra, Giinther, Cat., 11, 427; Day, Fishes India, 214, pl. Lxvimt, fig. 5. 59. Seriola nigrofasciata (Riippell). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3602; length 6.2 in.) Nomeus nigrofasciatus Riuppell, Atlas, Fische, 92, pl. 24, fig. 2, 1828, Red Sea. Seriola nigrofasciata, Giinther, Cat., 11, 465. 60. Lactarius lactarius (Bloch & Schneider). Bog-snag-taen. Three fine specimens from San Fabian (no. 3274, 3754, and 3755; length 6.25 to 9.2 in.). Head 3 in length; depth 2.8; eye 3.85 in head; snout 4.5; maxillary 2.1, its distal end under posterior margin of pupil; base of anal fin 2.75 in length. Scomber lactarius Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 31, 1801, Tranquebar. Lactarius delicatulus, Giinther, Cat., 11, 507. ‘ 61. Caranx boops Cuvier & Valenciennes. Afoloy. Nine specimens from Bacon (no. 3724, 3807, 4053, 4054, 4084, 4085, 4086, 4102, and 4103; length 7 to 8.25 in.). Head 3.45 in length; depth 3.1; plates of lateral line 44, the line strongly bent, becoming straight under the posterior third of first dorsal, the plates very large; eye 2.75 in head; adipose eyelid well developed; max- illary 2.1 in head. In this species the ventrals fall far short of anal spines, the origin of the spines being midway between origin of ventrals and base of ninth anal ray; under jaw strongly projecting. Caranz boops Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1x, 35 (46), Amboyna; Giinther, Cat., 11, 431; Day, Fishes India, 218, pl. XLix, fig. 2. 62. Caranx freeri Evermann & Seale, new species. Mataan. Head 3.1 in length; depth 3.2; eye 2.85 in head; interorbital 3.55; dorsal viit—r, 23; anal 11—r, 20; lateral line of 25 scales and 47 plates; a broad adipose eyelid. Body oblong, moderately compressed; depth of caudal peduncle 6.1 in head, its depth less than its width; profile of head from above opercle to snout almost a straight line placed at angle of 35 degrees; mouth large, the lower jaw scarcely projecting; length of maxillary 2.1 in head, its distal end under middle of pupil, the posterior margin concave; mandible 1.75 in head; minute teeth on jaws, vomer, palatines, and tongue, those of jaws in single series; gillrakers long and slim, 24 on lower limb, the longest 5.9 in head; opercle and preopercle entire; body entirely scaled; breast sealed; plates of lateral line very strong, their greatest diameter 4.5 in head; the lateral line with a low curve anteriorly, becoming straight under the posterior dorsal spines, the curved portion 3.2 in straight; scales of the arrow-shaped area in front of dorsal very minute; about 6 rows on cheek; origin of spinous dorsal in vertical line with axil of ventrals, the longest spine 2 in head, longest ray of soft dorsal 2.5; origin of anal under second soft dorsal ray, being midway between base of caudal and posterior margin of orbit, its longest ray 2.55 in head; origin of anterior anal spine midway between origin of ventral and base of seventh anal ray; first anal spine 6.5 in head; ventrals midway between origin of anal and posterior end 64 ~’ BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. of maxillary, their length 2 in head, their tips reaching first anal spine; pectoral 1.1 in head, the tip reaching origin of anal; caudal deeply forked, its length 1.1 in head. Color in spirits, yellowish white, a tint of blue above; tip of snout and tip of under jaw dusky; no distinet opercular spot, but posterior margin of opercles with some slight shading of dusky; dorsals slightly tinted with dusky, most distinct on margin of soft dorsal; scarcely a trace of dusky on tip of caudal: pectorals, ventrals, and anal unmarked. This species is near C. boops, of which we have many specimens. It may be at once separated, however, by the more anterior location of the anal spines, the less projecting under jaw, greater length of head, and greater width of the interorbital space. ah i ih Fic. 4.— Caranz freeri Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. One specimen (no. 3324, type, no., 55913 U.S. National Museum; 9.1 in. long), from San Fabian; collector, Mr. C. L. Hall. We take pleasure in naming this species for Dr. Paul C. Freer, who, as director of the Philippine Bureau of Science, is doing so much to advance our knowledge of the natural resources of the Philippine Islands. 63. Caranx cynodon Bleeker. One fine specimen from Bacon (?) (no. 4165; length 13 in.). Head 3.4 in length; depth 2.9; eye 3.85 in head; snout 3.75; pectoral long and falecate, 2.75 in length; maxillary 2 in head, its distal end on line with posterior margin of eye. Caranx cynodon Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1, 362, 1850, Batavia; Giinther, Cat., 0, 447. 64. Caranx affinis Riippell. Two specimens from Bulan (no. 3981 and 3897; length 5 and 5.5 in.). Differing from Hawaiian spec- imens apparently only in the somewhat larger black opercular spot. Caranz affinis, Riippell, Neue Wirb., Fische, 49, pl. 14, fig. 1. 65. Caranx speciosus (Forskil). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3638; length 6.5 in.). Scomber speciosus Forskal, Deser. Anim., 54, 1775, Red Sea. Caranx speciosus, Giinther, Cat., 11, 444. 66. Caranx ophthalmotenia (Bleeker). Four specimens from Bulan (no. 3907 to 3910; length 3 to 4.5in.). Dorsal vu, 27; anal m—1, 23; depth 2; head 3.05; anterior dorsal and anal rays elongate; a brown band from base of mandible upward and back- ward thru eye to nuchal region; ventrals dusky. Carangoides ophthalmotznia Bleeker. Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., mm, 270, 1852, Amboyna; Giinther, Cat., 11, 451. or FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 6 67. Caranx sexfasciatus Quoy & Gaimard. Talatitogan. Nine specimens from San Fabian (no. 3325 to 3333; length 3.5 to 4in.). Head 3.1 in length; depth 2.5; eye 3 in head; snout 4.2; pectoral 3.3; maxillary 2.1, its distal end scarcely reaching posterior margin of eye; tip of dorsal black. Carangus rhabdotus Jenkins, from Honolulu, closely resembles this species, but differs from it in the heavier body, smaller eye, and the broader cross-bands. Caranx sexfasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie, 358, pl. 65, fig. 4, 1824, Papous Islands. 68. Caranx armatus (Forskil). Buensang-sapse; Amaaligan. Sixteen specimens from San Fabian (no. 3498, 3446, 4940, and 4941; length 3.2 to 6 in.). No. 4032, length 3 inches, from Bulan, is also placed with this species, although it is slightly deeper and seems to differ in a slight degree. Scie#na armata Forskal, Deser. Anim., 53, 1775, Red Sea. Caranz armatus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 453. 69. Caranx kalla Cuvier & Valenciennes. One specimen from Bulan (no. 3767; length 3 in.). Lateral line becoming straight under about the sixth dorsal ray, which readily distinguishes this species from C’. djeddaba, to which it is closely related. Caranz kalla Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1x, 37 (49), 1831, Pondicherry; Day, Fishes India, 219, pl. xurx, fig. 5. Caranz calla, Giinther, Cat., 0, 433. 70. Caranx djeddaba (Forskal). One small specimen from ‘“ Philippines’’ (no. 3782; length 3.5 in.). Head 3.25 in length; depth 2.75; eye 3.2 in head; snout 4; maxillary 3; mandible 2.1; interorbital 3.75; dorsal vir, 25; anal 1, 22; scutes 54, 37 in curved portion; lateral line becoming straight under the first dorsal ray. Scomber djeddaba Forskal, Deser. Anim., 1775, Red Sea. Caranxr djeddaba, Giinther, Cat., 11, 432; Day, Fishes India, 218, pl. xix, fig. 3. 71. Caranx brevis (Bleeker). Three specimens from ‘‘ Philippines”’ (no. 3888; length 3 to 3.2 in.). Head 3.5 in length; depth 2.4; eye 3 in head; dorsal vu, 25; anal u—1, 19; lateral line 34+-46. Teeth in jaws, vomer and palatines; no canines; curved portion of lateral line 1.95 in straight, the line becoming straight under anterior dorsal rays; a distinct opercular spot; breast scaled. Selar brevis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1, 1850, 361, Batavia. Caranzx brevis, Giinther, Cat., 11, 435. : 72. Megalaspis cordyla (Linneus). Bacutut. Three fine specimens from Bulan (no. 4155 to 4157; length 14 to 15.5 in.) and 3 from Jolo (no. 4111 to 4113; length 8.5 to 9 in.). Scomber cordyla Linnzeus, Syst. Nat., cd. xX, 298, 1758, America. Scomber rottleri Bloch, Ichth., x, 39, 346, 1797. Caranz rottleri, Giinther, Cat., 1, 424. Megalaspis rottleri, Bleeker, Makreelachtige Visschen, 49, Verh. Bat. Gen., XXIV (Batavia). 73. Citula halli Evermann & Seale, new species. Pampanon. Head 3 in length; depth 1.5; eye 3.2 in head; dorsal 1v—1, 40; anal 11, 38; 76 scales in lateral line, 35 of which are in straight portion, and scarcely armed; snout 3.5; maxillary 3, its distal end on line with anterior margin of eye. Body elevated, compressed; anterior profile rounded; caudal peduncle narrow, 5.5in head; body, including breast, covered with deciduous scales, which are of small size on thorax; lateral line almost straight, the curve being very long and low, the greatest depth of curve 7 in its length, the straight portion of line 2.5 in curved part. B. B. F. 1906—5 66 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. Depth of head much greater than its length; jaws equal; teeth very fine, sharp, in a single series in each jaw; no teeth on vomer, palatines or tongue; opercle and preopercle entire; gillrakers sharp, 13 on lower limb, the longest equal to one-half diameter of eye. Spinous dorsal of 4 minute spines, connected only at base; anterior rays of soft dorsal and anal greatly elongate, the longest dorsal ray 2 in length; longest anal ray 2.25; caudal deeply forked, 3.5; pectoral 3.5; ventrals 4, their tips extending to base of anal; vertical fins without scaly sheath. Color in spirits, yellowish, with 5 vertical brown bands of greater width than interspaces, the anterior one forming a distinct ocular band from spinous dorsal through eye to ventrals, the second from anterior of soft dorsal to belly, the third from fifth to fourteenth dorsal rays to anterior of anal; fourth from posterior oi nae She 2 aaa: awe ceeeees. ae esa Sg gee Fig. 5.—Citula halli Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. third of dorsal to middle of anal; the fifth near posterior of dorsal and anal; two oblique bands on each caudal lobe; anterior half of dorsal and anal black; ventrals black; pectoral yellowish; opercles dusky; belly with bluish wash. One specimen, the type, no. 55914 U.S. National Museum (original no. 4029), 2.5 inches long, from San Fabian. Rasily distinguished from a a © ie £7 ~ mene ne te ae a4 Tir, s «= _ peewee Pitan ee Mees >, 8 y.% fa AAP Last ie oy" ; 9% ag et mv ia 7 he Gita eee | a) 5b Te é neve ae ae a. Title tee Ss a 6 “me Pe 4 nee P: ° cee eee a) a oh Vs a, ee oe | as ge SS on + Npiteknee ai =" ? a os eae - 7 i tt pin ae = ome ak ee ta. 50» © ok ae ‘le Le pees eey <4 eos yg ee > . «| t4iims ss ee ' FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. Ole Family EQUULIDA. 75. Leiognathus virgatus Fowler. Two specimens from Bulan (no. 3916; length 2.5 and 2.75 in.). Leiognathus virgatus Fowler, Journ, Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 2d ser., x11, 1904 (June 10), 515, pl. xv, fig. 4, Pedang, Sumatra. 76. Leiognathus dussumieri (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Malaway. Two specimens from San Fabian (no. 3210 and 3212; length 6 and 6.2 in.). Head 3.2 in length; depth 1.9; eye 3.1 in head; snout 3.1; spine-shaped crest on nuchal region not reaching halfway to base of first dorsal spine. Equula dussumieri Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x, 56 (77), pl. 283, 1835, Coromandel; Giinther, Cat., 1, 500. 77. Leiognathus splendens (Cuvier). Masangui. ? Two specimens from San Fabian (no. 3955 and 3959; length 2.5 and 3.75 in.), one from “ Philippines’ (no local label, No. 3765; length 2.75 in.), and 3 from Bacon (no. 4030; length 2.5 to 2.75 in.). Breast scaled; supraorbital serrate; lateral line not so strongly arched as in L. edentulus, the anterior part slightly concave; tip of dorsal black. Fquula splendens Cuvier, Régne Anim., 1, 212, 1829, Indies; Gtinther, Cat., 1, 501. 78. Leiognathus stercorarius Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 3.7 in length; depth 3; eye 3 in head; snout 3; interorbital 3; dorsal vir, 17; anal 1, 14; scales 57. Body oblong, moderately compressed, the upper and lower profiles almost evenly curved; jaws equal; depth of caudal peduncle 4.9 in head; entire body covered with thin deciduous scales; cheek and breast scaled: lateral line complete, with a long low curve from caudal peduncle to head; mouth very protractile; the groove for the processes of the maxillary extending to a line with posterior margin of eye, the length of the bony spine-shaped crest extending back from the groove 2.6 in head; upper jaw heavy; minute teeth Fia. 6.—Leiognathus stercorarius Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. in jaws, none on vomer, palatines or tongue; no canines; twelve gillrakers on lower limb, the longest about 2 in pupil; maxillary ending on a line with anterior margin of eye, scarcely one-half exposed; mandible 2 in head, at angle of 30°; width of preorbital 1.85 in snout; lower limb of preopercle denticulate on its inferior border; opercle entire; eye with slight adipose eyelid. Origin of dorsal slightly posterior to origin of ventrals, longest dorsal spine 1.75 in head, about one-half depth of body (in another specimen—a cotype—this spine measures 1.4 in head and is greater than one-half depth of body), the first dorsal spine minute, the second longest, the dorsal continuous, none of the spines or 68 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. rays elongate; anal similar to dorsal but shorter; the first anal spine midway between tip of snout and base of caudal; the longest spine 2 in head, none of the anal spines or rays elongate; vertical fins without scales but with deep sheaths; pectoral 1.7 in head; ventrals 2.25 in head, their origin midway between origin of anal and posterior end of mandible; caudal deeply forked. Color in spirits, light brown above, silvery below, with a slight wash of yellowish; a peculiar lanceolate area on middle of side shaded with fine black dots, and having the appearance of an abrasion; fine brownish dots just above anal fin; upper half of body with numerous vermiculate brownish lines; a black line on base of dorsal; upper lip dusky; dusky dots in axil of pectoral; anterior spines of dorsal and anal with some fine brown dots, most distinct on anal, otherwise fins unmarked. This species is related to L. oblongus but differs among other things in having scales on chest. It is more elongate than L. rivulatus and L. lineatus, with which we have compared it. Seven specimens from Bulan, length 3.75 to4 in. Type, no. 55906, U.S. National Museum (field no. 3591), length 4.75 in., from Bulan, Sorsogon, P.I. Of the cotypes, all from Bulan, one (field no. 3590) is no. 20004 Stanford Uniy. Mus.; another (field no. 3588) is no. 4537 U. S. Bureau of Fisheries; another (field no. 3587) is in the museum at Manila; another (field no. 3589) is in the U.S. National Museum; another (field no. 3592) is in Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences; another (field no. 3593) is in the Indiana University Museum. (Stercorarius of or pertaining to dung; from the fly-spects on the side.) 79. Leiognathus edwardsi Eyermann & Seale, new species. Patuan. Head 3.6 in length; depth 2.6; eye 2.75 in head; snout 2.9; interorbital 3.1; dorsal vm, 16; anal m1, 13; scales about 70, about 48 pores. Body oblong-ovate, the dorsal and ventral outlines about equally curved and gently arched; head mod- erate, pointed, snout pointed; mouth small, very protractile, the lower jaw included; maxillary short, its exposed tip pointed, scarcely reaching vertical of orbit; teeth in jaws fine, villiform; vomer and palatines Fic. 7.—Leiognathus edwardsi Evermann «& Seale, new species. Type. apparently toothless; eye large, in middle of head; lower edge of preopercle entire; cheek deep, greater than interorbital width; a broad, blunt supraocular spine over anterior part of eye; interocular space broadest anteriorly, its length nearly twice its greatest width; occipital ridge greater than diameter of orbit and slightly greater than distance from its tip to origin of dorsal fin; origin of dorsal fin posterior to insertion of ventrals; first dorsal spine produced and filamentous (the tip broken off), its length probably about 1.5 in length of body; soft dorsal low; origin of anal under about sixth dorsal spine; first spine greatly produced and filamentous, its length about 1.8 in depth; anal rays short; both dorsal and anal fins folding into a » he >” — paling fe ge wit: a FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 69 shallow groove; pectoral short, its length about 1.5 in head; ventrals short, their length slightly greater than diameter of orbit, the distance from their tips to base of first anal spine 1.5 in their length; caudal broadly forked, the lobes about 1.25 in head; scales small, thin, and deciduous; lateral line in a low regular arch from upper edge of gill-opening to base of caudal; breast naked. Color in spirits, dirty olivaceous yellow, back more or less marbled and vermiculated with brownish; a dark line along base of dorsal fin; cheek and lower half of side finely punctulate with dark dots; tip of snout black; axil of pectoral dusky; fins otherwise pure yellowish. This species is based on a single specimen 5 inches long, field no. 3876 (10778), from San Fabian, Pangasi- nan. Type, no. 55904, U.S. National Museum. It is apparently related to Giinther’s Equula leuciscus, from which it differs, however, in the smooth preopercle, the presence of a supraocular spine, and the less develop- ment of the anterior dorsal spine. We take pleasure in naming this species for Brig. Gen. Clarence R. Edwards, U.S. Army, Chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, U. S. War Department. 80. Leiognathus fasciatus (Lacépede). Four specimens from San Fabian (no. 3211 and 3956 to 3958; length 3.25 to 6.2 in.). Body very deep, back strongly arched. Head 3.18 in length; depth 2; eye 3 in head; snout 2.95; two strong supraocular spines; lower limb of preopercle serrate; scales very small, breast naked; lateral line complete, 60; body with about 18 narrow black vertical bars. Clupea fasciata Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 460, 1803. Equula fasciata, Giinther, Cat., 11, 498, 1859. 81. Leiognathus edentula (Bloch). Four specimens from San Fabian (no. 3950 to 3953; length 2.75 to 3.5 in.). - Body very deep, the back much arched; breast naked; lateral line strongly arched, the anterior part at first slightly concave. Head 3 in length; depth 1.7; eye 3 in head; snout 2.75; nuchal crest almost reaching base of first dorsal spine, which is 2.5 in depth; teeth not evident; tip of dorsal fin not black. Equula edentula, Giinther, Cat., 1, 498; Day, Fishes India, 238, pl. Lm, fig. 1. 82. Gazza tapeinosoma Bleeker. Five specimens from the Philippines (no local label given; no. 3779, 3780, 3781, 3783, and 3784; length 3.75 to 5.2 in.), and 8 from Bulan (no. 3489 to 3496; length 4.5 to 5 in.). Gazza tapeinosoma Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., Iv, 260, 1853, Batavia. Gazza argentaria, Giinther, Cat., 11, 506; probably not of Forster. 83. Gazza minuta (Bloch). Matambo; Buegsang. Seven specimens from San Fabian (no. 3947 to 3949 and 3868 to 3871; length 2.75 to 4 in.). Head 2.9 in length; depth 2; eye 2.75 in head; snout 3.1; scales minute, lateral line complete; breast naked; preopercle serrate. Scomber minutus Bloch, Ichth., x11, 110, pl. cccexxIx, fig. 2, 1797, no locality given Gazza minuta, Giinther, Cat., 11, 506. Family GERRIDA. 84. Xystema punctatum (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Three specimens from Bulan (no. 3220 to 3223; length 4.75 to 5.2 in.), agreeing well with the figures given by Bleeker and by Day and with Day’s description. Gerres punctatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V1, 361 (480) 1830, Pondicherry. Gerres filamentosus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 345, and 1v, 261; Day, Fishes India, 98, pl. XXv, fig. 3. 85. Xystsema baconensis Evermann & Seale, new species. Duldul. Head 3.25 in length; depth 2.6; eye 3.25 in head; snout 3; lateral line complete; scales about 4-47-8; interorbital 2.8 in head; maxillary 2.5; depth of cheek 3.3; dorsal 1x, 10; anal m1, 7; pectoral 1.1 in head; ventrals 1.9. -I =) BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. Body moderately elongate, the back rather strongly arched, the profile rising in a regular curve from tip of snout to origin of dorsal fin, thence descending in a broader curve to caudal peduncle; ventral outline less convex; head pointed, the lips thick, jaws subequal, or the lower slightly the shorter; premaxillary strongly protractile: exposed portion of maxillary broad, its greatest width half its length, its posterior edge slightly concave; preopercle entire; interorbital broad; premaxillary groove narrow, completely scaled except a small circular area posteriorly above anterior margin of orbit; caudal peduncle rather deep, its greatest depth greater than diameter of eye, or 3 times its least width. Scales large, thin, and firm; origin of dorsal fin over base of pectoral, the second spine slender, curved, and lengthened, its length greater than half that of head; dorsal rays short; second anal spine shorter and scarcely larger than the third, its length 1.4 in eye; dorsal and anal fins each with a high, scaly sheath; caudal fin thickly covered with fine scales; peritoneum dusky; second interhemal spine long and slender; posterior end of air-bladder bifid, ending in 2 long slender horns which fit alongside of second interhemal. Color in spirits, silvery white, the back and upper part of side showing faint dark lines along the middle of each row of scales parallel with the back; tip of spinous dorsal dark, fins otherwise unmarked. This species is close to X. kapas, from which it differs chiefly in having the premaxillary groove scaled, the eye larger, the interorbital space broader, and the second anal spine smaller. aN “ Pr M) ms hy wy 9940.09 : HO iy y Fic. 8—Xyst#ma baconensis Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. This species is represented in our collection by two specimens—one (no. 3416) from Bacon, and the other (no. 3377) from Jolo. Type, no. 55912, U.S. National Museum, a specimen 7 inches long, from Bacon, Sorsogon, P. 1. The other, a specimen 5.5 inches long is a cotype, no. 4538, U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. 86. Xystzma kapas (Bleeker). Duldul. We refer to this species one specimen (no. 3376) 5.35 in. long from Jolo, 9 specimens (no. 3417, 3415, 3637 to 3639, and 3822 to 3825, 3.2 to 6.5 in. long) from Bacon, and 2 small examples (no. 3890) from Bulan. Head 3.2 in length; depth 2.7; eye 3.5 in head; snout 3.2; interorbital 2.9; scales 440-9; maxillary groove naked, interorbital width greater than orbit; preopercle not denticulate; base of ventrals midway between tip of snout and origin of anal; longest dorsal spine about 2 in depth of body: second anal spine somewhat stronger but shorter than the third, its length 3.3 in head or 4.25 in depth. Color in spirits, silvery, tip of spinous dorsal black; body without longitudinal darker lines. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 71 Our specimens agree perfectly with Bleeker’s figure of this species, but differ from Giinther’s description in the shorter second anal spine. They seem to differ from Y. oyena (Riippell) in the lower curve of the dorsal outline and the absence of dark lateral lines along the rows of scales. Gerres kapas Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 11, 1851, 482, Batavia. Diapterus kapas Bleeker, Atlas, Vu, 127, pl. cccLXxt, fig. 3 (East Indies). Gerres kapas, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 259. Family MANIDAS. 87. Emmelichthys leucogrammicus Bleeker. Nine specimens from Bulan (no. 3971; length 2.5 to 3.2 in.), and one from Bacon (no. 3758; length 1.85 in.). These agree well with Bleeker’s figure. Emmelichthys leucogrammicus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1, 103, 1850, Celebes; Atlas, vir, pl. ccxcry, fig. 2. Erythrichthys leucogrammicus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 396. Dipterygonotus leucogrammicus Bleeker, Atlas, VIII, 42. Family SCORPIDIDA. 88. Monodactylus argenteus (Linnus). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3594; length 3.75 in.). Head 2.9 in length; depth 1.2; eye 2.6 in head; snout 5.2. Color in spirits dusky silvery, a black band from nape through eye to lower edge of gill-opening and another across body and base of pectoral just posterior to gill-opening to origin of dorsal and anal and then extending on those fins to tips of produced rays. Chetodon argenteus Linneus, Amoen. Acad., IV, 249, 1759. Psettus argenteus, Giinther, Cat., 11, 487. Family APOGONICHTHYID. 89. Amia freenata (Valenciennes). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3766; length 3.75 in.). (Not A. frenatus of Giinther.) Head 2.5 in length; depth 3.18; snout 4; eye very large, longer than snout, 3.1 in head; side with a well-defined black band about width of pupil, extending through eye and across tip of snout, where it is most distinct; a distinct black spot on caudal peduncle at base of caudal fin; a black bar on base of anal; anterior dorsal spines black. From Amia snyderi this species seems to differ in the larger eye, more slender body, and better defined black caudal spot and lateral band. The two may, however, be identical. A pogon frenatus Valenciennes, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat., 57, pl. 4, fig. 4, 1832. 90. Amia koilomatodon (Bleeker). Two fine specimens from Bacon (no. 3509 and 3511; length 4.75 and 5.2 in.). These agree in every respect with specimens from Samoa. Apogon koilomatodon Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., Iv, 134, 1853, Ternate. Amia koilomatodon Bleeker, Atlas, vi, pl. cccevit, fig. 1; Jordan & Seale, Bull. U. S. Bu. Fish., XXv, 1905 (1906), 240, fig. 34. 91. Amia quadrifasciata (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Bakutut. Twenty-nine specimens from Jolo (no. 3555 to 3583; length 2.5 to 3.5 in.), all showing the indistinct vertical bands, in addition to the 2 distinct longitudinal stripes; no caudal spot, the lower longitudinal stripe extending to tip of caudal. Apogon quadrifasciatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, 113 (153), 1828, Pondicherry; Giinther, Cat., 1, 239; Day, Fishes India, 59. Amia quadrifasciata, Bleeker Atlas, VII, 88, pl. cCCXXXV, fig. 1. 72 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 92. Amia fasciata (Quoy & Gaimard). Four specimens from Bacon (no. 5752; length 1.25 to 1.5 in.), similar in every respect to a specimen from Samoa. The upper and lower bands converge on the caudal fin, touching or nearly so, the median band near tip of tail. The type of Apogon fasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, came from Guam and the same specimen appears to have been used by Cuvier & Valenciennes as one of the types of their Apogon novemfasciatus published five years later. The other specimen in the possession of Cuvier & Valenciennes came from Timor and, according to a recent note from Mr. Vaillant, appears to be the same species. A pogon fasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie, Zool., 344, 1824, Guam (type in Paris Mus.). A pogon novemfasciatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, 114 (154), 1829, in part; Guam specimen. Apogon fasciatus, Day, Fishes India, 60, in part; not of White. 93. Amia chrysopoma (Bleeker). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3976 and 3365; length 3.1 and 4 in.). Head 2.85 in length; depth 2.85; eye 2.75 in head; dorsal vit, 9; anal 11, 8; scales 2-29-6; posterior limb of preopercle serrate, anterior limb entire; maxillary extending to below middle of eye: gillrakers 20 on lower limb. These specimens agree with Bleeker’s description, except that the color in spirits is slightly different. They are yellowish with 2 very indistinct dusky longitudinal lines, the lower one being on the median line, and easily overlooked; a black caudal spot just above lateral line, 5 pearl-colored spots on opercle; anterior of spinous dorsal dusky; other fins immaculate. Apogon chrysopomus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., vit, 1854, 239, Macassar. Amia chrysopomus Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 86, and Atlas, vu, pl. CCCXLIX, fig. 1. A pogon chrysopomus, Giinther Cat., 1, 240. _ 94. Amia hartzfeldi Bleeker. Nine specimens from Bacon (no. 2899, 4194, 4195, 4196 and 3810 to 3814; length 3.2 to 4 in.). These seem in every respect similar to specimens from Cavite, and agree entirely with Bleeker’s colored plate of this species. Amia hartzfeldi Bleeker Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 111, 254, 1852, Amboyna. A pogon hartzfeldii, Giinther, Cat., 1, 242. 95. Amia savayensis (Giinther). Six specimens from Bacon (no. 3510, 3880 to 3883 and 3885; length 2.75 to 3.75 in.), all having the dark saddle over caudal peduncle, dark upper and lower margin to caudal, and a more or less distinct dusky line from eye to angle of preopercle; anterior spines of spinous dorsal dusky; anterior rays and tip of soft dorsal dusky; only two specimens show traces of vertical bands seen on some Samoan specimens. Apogon savayensis Giinther, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1871, 656, Savaii, Samoa; Fische der Siidsee, 21, pl. 19, fig. B (Samoa; Tonga; Yap; Tahiti). 96. Amia sangiensis (Bleeker). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3889; length 3 in.). The dorsal formula is vm-1, 9, instead of vi-1, 8 or 9, as given, the first spine being very minute and easily overlooked. Apogon sangiensis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., x11, 1857, 375, Sangi; Giinther, Cat., 1, 235 (Sea of Sangi). Amia sangiensis Bleeker Atlas, VII, 95, pl. CCCXIX, fig. 4. 97. Amia monochrous (Bleeker). Two specimens in poor condition from Bulan (no. 4015 and 4016; length 3.5 and 3.75 in.). Apogon monochrous Bleeker, Manado en Macassar, 34, Act. Soe. Sci. Ind. Ned., 1856, Manado; Giinther, Cat., I, 236. 98. Amia novee-guinez (Valenciennes). Five specimens from Bulan (no. 4007 and 4013; length 2.1 to 2.56). Apogon nove-guinex Valenciennes, Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat., 53, pl. 4, 1832, New Guinea; Giinther, Cat., I, 237. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 73 99. Amia jenkinsi Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 2.75 in length; depth 2.9; eye 3 in head; snout 4.6; interorbital 4.2; dorsal vir, 9; anal 1, 8; seales 3-25-5. Body oblong, moderately compressed; depth of caudal peduncle 2.4 in head; anterior profile from base of dorsal to tip of snout forming a straight line at an angle of about 15°; mouth large; lower jaw the longer; maxillary 2.1 in head, its posterior margin under middle of pupil, the width of distal end equal to pupil; mandible 1.75 in head; minute teeth on jaws, vomer, and palatines in 1 or 2 rows; 16 gillrakers on lower limb, the longest about 7 in head; posterior limb of preopercle finely denticulate, a few scattered denticulations at angle of anterior limb; opercle with an indistinct spine on posterior margin; body entirely covered with large weakly ctenoid scales; lateral line complete; 2 rows of scales on cheek; origin of spinous dorsal midway between tip of snout and posterior axil of soft dorsal, the longest spine 2.1 in head; longest ray of soft dorsal 1.75 in head; origin of anal under middle of soft dorsal, its base 2.25 in head, longest ray 2 in head; origin of Ah) Go Fic. 9.—Amia jenkinsit Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. ventrals under base of pectoral, their length 1.75 in head; pectoral 1.5 in head; caudal rounded, 1.5 in head. Color in spirits, dull yellowish, shaded with minute brown punctulations,a large quadrate black spot on middle of base of caudal; a round jet-black spot about size of pupil on each side of nuchal region; a wide distinct black line on side of snout from eye to mouth; tip of lower jaw black; spinous dorsal black; a shading of dusky on base of soft dorsal and anal, otherwise fins all yellowish. One specimen, the type, no. 55907, U.S. National Museum (field no. 4036), length 3.4 in., from Bulan, Sorsogon, P. I. Named for Dr. O. P. Jenkins, of Stanford University. 100. Amia endekatznia (Bleeker). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3839 and 3818; length 2.25 to 3.5 in.). A. endekatenia is undoubtedly a species distinct from A. fasciata, easily distinguished by the bluntly rounded profile of the head, the short snout, and the more rounded preopercle. Gillrakers 11 on lower limb (including nodules); only posterior limb of preopercle serrated. Our specimens are faded, but the 4 dusky longitudinal lines are quite perceptible in the large specimen; also the rather diffused dusky caudal spot. The small specimens have the spinous dorsal tipped with dusky and show indistinct traces of dusky vertical lines, as in A. guadrifasciata; the large specimen has ventrals tipped with dusky. A pogon endekatxnia Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 111, 1852, 449, Banka, Amia endekatznia Bleeker Atlas, vm, 85, pl. ccex, fig. 2. -I co BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 101. Amia margaritophora (Bleeker). One specimen from Bacon (no. 4197; length 1.75 in.). Head 2.75 in length; depth 2.9; eye 3 in head; dorsal vi-1, 9; anal ir, 8; scales 3-25-7; teeth on palatines and vomer. Apogon margaritophorus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., vii, 1854, 363, Batjan. Amia margaritophorus Bleeker, Atlas, vm, 91, pl. ccct, fig. 4; Giinther, Cat., 1, 234. 102. Apogonichthys mentalis Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 2.75 in length; depth 3.4; eye 3.1 in head; snout 4; interorbital equal to snout; dorsal vit, 10; anal 1, 12 (the small anterior anal spine broken off in type); scales probably about 28, deciduous. Body oblong, moderately compressed; depth of caudal peduncle 3.2 in head; mouth large, the lower jaw the longer; maxillary 2.5 in head, its distal end under anterior margin of pupil; mandible 2.15 in head; minute teeth in jaws, none on vomer or palatines; 20 gillrakers on lower limb, the longest equal to pupil; no denticulations on preopercle; opercle with a single point; entire body covered with thin, very deciduous cycloid scales; lateral line probably complete, apparently a single row of scales on cheek; origin of spinous dorsal midway between tip of snout and axil of soft dorsal; longest dorsal spine 2.5 in head; base of soft dorsal Fig. 10.—A pogonichthys mentalis Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. 1.75 in head, its longest ray 2 in head; origin of anal under anterior third of soft dorsal, its longest ray 2.75 in head, its base 1.75; ventrals below base of pectoral, their length 2.1 in head; pectoral 1.3, the tip reaching beyond anal spines; caudal rounded. Color in spirits, yellowish white; 2 black longitudinal lines separated by pale yellow on side to below posterior end of soft dorsal; some dark dots on opercle, a shading of dusky at tip of snout and on tip of lower jaw; fins all uniform yellowish white. Two specimens, the type, no. 55905, U.S. National Museum (B. F. no. 3772, field no. 10696), a female full of mature eggs, and cotype no. 20002, Stanford University, each about 2.5 inches long, from Bacon, Sor- sogon, P. I.; collector Charles J. Pierson. 103. Archamia macropteroides (Bleeker). Thirty-eight specimens from Bacon (no. 3896, 3867, 3991, and 3884; length about 3 in.). Head 2.75 in length; depth 2.45; eye 3 in head; snout 5.5; dorsal vir, 10; anal 1, 17; scales 4-27-9. Color in spirits, dirty yellowish, the body and head thickly punctulate with blackish; a large black spot at base of caudal and a similar but smaller one on shoulder, these both very distinct. Our specimens differ from those from Samoa, which Jordan & Seale identified with A. lineolata (Ehrenberg) in having the body deeper, the eye larger, the head blunter, and the shoulder spot always distinct. A. bleekeri differs from the present species in the shape of the caudal spot and the more anterior position of the shoulder spot. Apogon macropteroides Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 11, 1852, 724, Lepar Island, Banka; Giinther, Cat., I, 245. =I 1 Y FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 104. Archamia bleekeri (Giinther). Masangui. Forty-eight specimens from Bacon (no. 3279 to 3306 and 3678; length 1.5 to 3 in.), and 2 from San Fabian (no. 3815; length 1.25 in.). These each have 16 anal rays, a round black spot at base of caudal, its outline sharply defined, a large black spot at anterior end of lateral line, touching upper edge of opercle, and a dusky line from eye to sub- operele. Resembling A. macropteroides but readily distinguished by the form and position of the caudal and humeral spots. Among our specimens are both males and females. Nearly mature eggs were found in the ovaries of some of the females, and a mass of mature eggs was discovered in the mouth of a male. It has long been asserted that the male of certain species of this family carries the eggs in his mouth during incubation. Meas- urements of 10 of these eggs gave an average diameter of 0.51 mm. =) — ee A pogon bleekeri Giinther, Cat., I, 245, 1859, Batavia; Padang; Amboyna. Apogon macropterus, Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 11, 168, 1851, and Atlas, vi, pl. ccexLvt, fig. 2. Family AMBASSID. 105. Ambassis urotenia Bleeker. One hundred and three specimens from Bacon (no. 3408 and 3621; length 1.75 to 3 in.). Head 2.75 in length; depth 2.75; eye 3.1 in head; snout 4.75; second dorsal spine 4 in length; dorsal vu-t, 9; anal m1, 10; scales 4-28-6, 2 rows on cheek. A mbassis urotenia Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., m1, 1852, 257, Amboyna; Atlas, vit, 135, pl. cccxxiv, fig. 2, and pl. cect, fig. 1; Giinther, Cat., 1, 224. 106. Ambassis lungi (Jordan & Seale). Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3834 and 4192; length 1 to 3 in.). This species is easily distinguished by the single row of scales on cheek, the broken lateral line, and the color of the fins and back. Ambassis urotenia, Day, Fishes India, pl. xv, fig. 8; not of Bleeker. Priopis lungi Jordan & Seale, Bull. Bu. Fisheries, xxv1, 1906, 18, fig. 6, Cavite, Luzon. Family PEMPHERID#. 107. Pempheris vanicolensis Cuvier & Valenciennes. Fight specimens from Bacon (no. 3213 to 3218, 3542 and 3762; length 3.75 to 6 in.), and 3 young from Bulan (no. 3817). Head 3.4 in length; depth 2.2; eve 2.6 in head; snout 6.5; anal m1, 43. No black spot on base of pectoral; anterior dorsal rays black-tipped; edge of anal black. These characters distinguish the species. Pempheris vanicolensis Cuyier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vit, 227 (305), 1831, Vanicolo. Family SERRANID#. 108. Epinephelus merra Bloch. Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3630, 3631, 3632, and 4082; length 4 to 6.5 in.). Epinephelus merra Bloch, Ichth., vu, 17, pl. cccxxt, 1797; Boulenger, Cat., 1, 241, 1895. 109. Epinephelus tauvina (Forskil). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3633; length 1.4 in.). Perca tauvina Forskal, Descr. Anim., 39, 1775, Red Sea. Epinephelus tauvina, Boulenger, Cat., 1, 244. 110. Epinephelus fasciatus (Forskal). One fine specimen from Bacon (no. 4040; length 10.75 in.). Perca fasciata Forskal, Deser. Anim., 40, 1775, Red Sea. Epinephelus fasciatus, Boulenger, Cat., 1, 238. 76 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 111. Epinephelus maculatus (Bloch). Two fine specimens from San Fabian (no. 3224 and 3225; length 4.5 and 8.5 in.). i=) Holocentrus maculatus Bloch, Ichth., 1v, 96, pl. ccxXLu, fig. 3, 1797. Epinephelus maculatus, Boulenger, Cat., I, 211. 112. Cephalopholis pachycentron (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3385, 3386, and 3850; length 5.5 to 5.75 in.). Dorsal rx, 15; anal 11, 8; scales 80. The specimens are without light margin to fins and the ventrals extend to vent; otherwise they agree with the descriptions. Serranus pachycentron Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, 219 (295), 1828 (type no. 7432, Paris Museum). Epinephelus pachycentrum, Boulenger, Cat., 1, 178. 113. Cephalopholis kendalli Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 2.66 in length; depth 2.85; eye 6.3 in head; snout 4.75; interorbital 7.5; maxillary 2.1, its distal end reaching bevond orbit, the distal width of maxillary 1.1 in orbit; dorsal 1x, 16; anal m1, 8; scales about 20-80-22, 45 pores. Body oblong, moderately compressed; depth of caudal peduncle 3 in head; anterior profile evenly curved from origin of dorsal to snout, slightly concave before and behind eye; mouth large, lower jaw slightly pro- Fic: 11.— Cephalopholis kendalli Evermann & Seale, new species. Type jecting; several bands of sharp teeth in each jaw with a single curved canine on each side anteriorly, the inner teeth largest and depressible; teeth on vomer and palatines; gillrakers sharp, their inner surface spinulose, 9 developed on lower limb, the longest 2 in orbit; margin of preopercle rounded, finely denticulate, the dentic- ulations scarcely enlarged at angle; opercle with 3 distinct spines, the upper one more distant from center one and slightly more posterior than lower; opercular membrane very obtusely rounded, the upper margin concave. Body covered with fine ctenoid scales; head and nuchal region with cycloid scales; maxillary sealed, the scales on nuchal region and top of head very fine, about 80 in series in front of dorsal; origin of dorsal above base of pectoral, the spines increasing in length posteriorly, the second spine 1.35 in ninth, the first 2.5 in ninth; rays of soft dorsal much longer than spines, the longest ray 2.5 in head; second anal spine longest, 3 in head; longest anal ray 2 in head; origin of anal nearer to base of caudal than to origin of ventrals; pectoral 1.5 in head, tip extending slightly posterior to vent, but not reaching a line with origin of anal fin; ventrals 2 in head, their origin midway between tip of snout and base of sixth anal ray, their tips reaching to, but not beyond, vent: caudal rounded, 1.75 in head. > 7 ive . a ox Rah aie 5 ie hf’ i Crd, tua ~ - “ od 7 * ‘ et) 2 ¥ e- : Sih 7 7 f -, : 4 “4 | > > fl a rag, © es | of ott ws AS a oa ™ — . FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. (Os Color in spirits, dark brown; large scattered blue spots with black margins on head, thorax, belly, and fins except spinous dorsal, which is dusky; no bars or spots on other portions of body, the spots on fins indis, tinct, except on pectoral, where they form rows; pectoral with a slight wash of yellowish with a black margin- otherwise the fins all blackish without a trace of lighter margins. This species is related to C. guttatus, from which it differs in the larger scales, longer ventrals, smaller eye, and in coloration. One fine specimen from Bacon, no. 55911, U.S. National Museum (B. F. no. 3722), length 7.5,in.; collector Charles J. Pierson. We take pleasure in naming this species for our associate, Dr. Wm. C. Kendall, of the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. 114. Cephalopholis beenack (Bloch). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3856; length 5 in.). Bodianus benack Bloch, Ichth., 1v, 31, pl. CCXXVI, 1797. Epinephelus benack, Boulenger, Cat., 1, 189. 115. Cephalopholis obtusauris Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 2.55 in length; depth 2.8; eye 5.3 in head; snout 3.9; interorbital 1.75 in snout; dorsal rx, 15; anal 11, 9; scales about 12-95-26, with 48 pores in lateral line. Body oblong, moderately compressed; depth of caudal peduncle 2.95 in head; body and head covered with minute scales with rough margins; lateral line with a distinct curve above pectoral; head large; mouth very large; maxillary 2 in head, its distal end under middle of eye, its width 1.3 in eye; mandible 1.85; small j BON SoG es i Secs Fic. 12.— Cephalopholis oblusauris Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. teeth on jaws, vomer, and palatines, outer series on upper jaw slightly enlarged, with 2 canines on each side anteriorly, and with some enlarged depressible teeth posterior to them; a canine on each side of symphysis of lower jaw, with a row of larger depressible teeth among the small ones on sides; 14 gillrakers on lower limb (counting knobs), the longest equal to pupil; preopercle slightly rough; opercle with 3 spines, the lower one a little anterior to the others, the upper one more removed from center one; opercular flap very obtusely rounded, not ending in a sharp point; origin of dorsal fin on a line with axil of pectoral, and midway between tip of snout and base of eighth dorsal ray; longest dorsal spine 3 in head, the anterior spine less than diameter of eye; longest dorsal ray 2.3 in head; origin of anal slightly nearer base of ventral than to base of caudal, and on a line with base of third dorsal ray; base of anal 2.4 in head, its longest ray 2 in head, the second anal spine the strongest and slightly the longest; ventrals 1.75 in head, their tips reaching a little past vent, but not to base of anal fin; pectoral 1.3 in head, the tip on a line with origin of anal fin; caudal rounded, 1.75 in head. -I1 Oo BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. Color in spirits, uniform yellowish, with slight wash of dull brown, evidently uniform red in life; fins unmarked. Related to C. aurantius Cuvier & Valenciennes, but with shorter premaxillary and obtuse flap to opercle, and fewer seales in lateral line. One specimen, the type, no. 55910, U.S. National Museum (Bureau of Fisheries no. 3541; length 9.15 in.) from Bacon, Sorsogon, P. I.; colleetor Charles J. Pierson. 116. Cromileptes altivelis (Cuvier & Valenciennes). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3763; length 3.75 in.). Color in spirits, yellowish, the spots brown, large, and sparsely placed. Serranus altivelis Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, 241 (324), pl. 35, 1828, Java. Cromileptes altivelis, Bleeker, Atlas, vi1, 30, and Atlas, vim, pl. CcCXXII, fig. 3; Boulenger, Cat., 1, 271. 117. Grammistes sexlineatus (Thunberg). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3750; length 3 in.). Perca sexlineata Thunberg, K. Vetensk. Acad. n. Handl., xu, 1792, 142, pl. v, no locality. Grammistes sexlineatus, Boulenger, Cat., 1, 346. 118. Psammoperca waigiensis (Cuvier & Valenciennes). One small specimen from Bulan (no. 3759; length 1.85 in.). Labrar waigiensis Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1, 61 (83), 1828, Waigiou. Psammoperca waigiensis, Bleeker, Atlas, V1, 108, pl. cccvt, fig. 2. Psammoperca vaigiensis, Boulenger, Cat., 1, 365 (Cebu). 119. Plectropoma caleariferum (Bloch). Mulmul. One specimen from Zamboanga (no. 4065; length 13.4 in.). Holocentrus calcarifer Bloch, Ichth., 1v, 80, pl. CCXLIV, 1797, Japan. . Lates calcarifer, Day, Fishes India, 7, pl. 1, fig. 1; Boulenger, Cat., 1, 363. 120. Pharopteryx nigricans Riippell. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3837; length 1.5 in.). Pharopteryx nigricans Riippell, Atlas, Fische, 15, pl. Iv, fig. 2, 1828, Red Sea. Plesiops nigricans, Giinther, Cat., 111, 363; Boulenger, Cat., 1, 340. ‘ Family PRIACANTHID. 121. Priacanthus hamrur (Forskal). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3267; length 7.5 in.). Head 3 in length; depth 2.75; eye 2.56 in head; snout 3; interorbital 3.75; gillrakers 15 on lower limb of first arch; preopercular spine 2 in pupil; tenth dorsal spine 2.5 in head, or 1.7 times length of second; longest soft rays of dorsal a third longer than longest spine; pectoral 1.9 in head; ventrals 1.1, the spine 1.8; third anal longer than sixth dorsal spine, nearly equal to tenth; dorsal spines smooth, the anal and ventrals spinulose. Ventrals black on distal third and a black spot in axil; dorsal and anal margined with black. Boulenger gives the number of gillrakers on lower limb of first arch as 18 to 23. Our specimen has 15. This range is great and may represent 2 or more species. Sciena hamrur Forskil, Deser. Anim., 45, 1775, Red Sea. Priacanthus hamrur, Boulenger, Cat., 1, 355. Family LUTIANIDA. 122. Diacope sebe Cuvier & Valenciennes. Three fine specimens from Bulan (no. 4072 to 4074; length 4.75 to 5.25 in.). Diacope seb# Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, 310 (411), 1828, Waigiou. Lutianus sebz, Day, Fishes India, 30, pl. 1X, fig. 3. oe. Ow FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 79 123. Lutianus quinquelineatus (Bloch). Five specimens from Bulan (no. 3535, 3311, 3272, 3273, and 3248; length 6 to 6.5 in.), and one from Bacon (no. 3312; length 6.5 in.). Nasily distinguished by the 5 blue stripes along side and the large black blotch under beginning of soft dorsal. Holocentrus quinquelineatus Bloch, Ichth., 1v, 84, tab. CCXXXIX, 1797. Mesoprion quinquelineatus, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, 336 (442) (Java); Giinther, Cat., 1, 209. Lutianus quinquelineatus, Day, Fishes India, 40, pl. xu, fig. 3; Bleeker, Atlas, vir, 56, pl. cccXLim, fig. 4. 124. Lutianus decussatus (Kuhl & Van Hasselt). Buegsang. Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3954 and 3264 to 3266; length 5.75 to 7 in.). Easily distinguished by the 5 or 6 broad longitudinal brownish bands, the upper 3 crossed by short vertical bars, and a black spot on base of caudal. Mesoprion decussatus Kuhl & Van Hasselt in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, 369 (487), 1828, Java; Giinther, Cat., 1, 210. Lutianus decussatus, Day, Fishes India, 47, pl. xiv, fig. 4; Bleeker, Atlas, vi, 72, pl. cccxxxviuJ, fig. 4. 125. Lutianus monostigma (Cuvier & Valenciennes). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3640; length 6.5 in.). No teeth on tongue; dark spot on the lateral line smaller than in LZ. johnii, which has distinct teeth on tongue. Mesoprion monostigma Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 11, 337 (446), 1828, Seychelles. Lutianus lioglossus Bleeker, Atlas, vim, 70, pl. ccCXLIV, fig. 4, Bintang, Java, Celebes, Amboyna. 126. Lutianus fulviflamma (Forskal). Bitilla. One specimen from Bacon (no. 4168; length 10,25 in.), and 2 from Zamboanga (no. 3459 and 3443; length 6 and 7 in.). “ . Sciena fulvifilamma Forskial, Deser. Anim., 45, 1775, Red Sea. Mesoprion fulvifiamma, Giinther, Cat., 1, 201, in part. Lutianus fulvifiamma, Day, Fishes India, 41, pl. x11, fig. 6; Bleeker, Atlas, viii, 65, pl. CCCXLIV, fig. 3. 127. Lutianus johnii (Bloch). Bitilla; Manila. Two specimens from Jolo (no. 4041 and 4042; length 8 and 10 in.), one from Bacon (no. 4166; length 10 in.), and 2 from Bulan (no. 3539 and 3540; length 5.5 and 6.2 in.). Readily distinguished by its having the rows of scales parallel with the back; teeth on tongue. Anthias johnii Bloch, Ichth., 1x, 97, pl. cccxvull, 1797. Mesoprion johnii, Giinther, Cat., 1,200. Lutianus johnii, Bleeker, Atlas, vill, 49, pl. cccxxxviul, fig. 3; Day, Fishes India, 42, pl. x11, fig. 1. 128. Lutianus luzonius Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 2.55 in length; depth 2.55; eye 4 in head; snout 3.1; interorbital 4.8; dorsal x, 14; anal m1, 8; scales 7-48-16; teeth on tongue. Body oblong, moderately elevated and compressed; dorsal surface evenly curved; depth of caudal peduncle 3.18 in head; jaws equal; maxillary scarcely reaching anterior margin of pupil, its length 2.55 in head; greatest width of premaxillary not more than 2 in pupil; mandible 2.5 in head; preorbital 1.75 in eye; teeth on jaws, yomer, palatines, and tongue, those of jaws in a single series, small, canine-shaped, the anterior ones of upper jaw enlarged; gillrakers 11 on lower limb, the longest about equal to pupil; notch of preopercle very deep and distinct, the lower limb slightly produced backward, rounded, and rather strongly toothed; knob of inter- opercle large and strong; opercle ending in a single sharp point; origin of dorsal slightly anterior to origin of pectoral, the distance between tip of snout and first dorsal spine scarcely greater than length of head, longest spine 2.7 in head, longest soft ray 3.5; origin of anal midway between origin of ventrals and base of caudal, its base 3.75 in base of dorsal, the longest ray 2.75 in head, the second spine longest and strongest, 2.5 in head; ventrals 1.75 in head, their tips reaching vent; pectoral 1.24, the tip scarcely reaching line with origin of anal; caudal emarginate, 1.3 in head. 50 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. Color in spirits, dull yellowish white, with a round black spot about size of eye entirely above lateral line under anterior part of soft dorsal; scales with slightly darker centers, giving an appearance of fine indistinct oblique dusky lines above lateral line and longitudinal ones below; a distinct black spot occupying upper base and axil of pectoral; fins uniform, without marking. Three fine specimens from Bacon (no. 3229, 3230, 3675; length 5.75 to 6.8 in.). This species is related to L. russelli (Bleeker), from which it appears to differ in the deeper preopercular notch, the strong interopercular knob, the long pectoral fin, and in coloration. Fig. 13.—Lutianus luzonius Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. Type, no. 55918, U.S. National Museum (original no. 3230), a specimen 6.8 inches long, from Bacon, Sorso- gon, P. I.; collector Charles J. Pierson. Cotypes, no. 4539, Bureau of Fisheries, and no. 20003, Stanford University. 129. Lutianus furvicaudatus Fowler. One specimen from Bacor. (no. 3785; length 8.5 in.). This species is distinguished from L. lunulatus by the shorter maxillary and scarcely perceptible lingual teeth. We have examined Mr. Fowler’s type. Lutianus furvicaudatus Fowler, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 2d ser., vol. x11, 1904 (June 10), 525, pl. xvi, lower fig., Padang. (Type, 7@ in. long, no. 27596, Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci.). 130. Lutianus gibbus (Forskal). One specimen from Bacon (no. 4035; length 5 in.). Scizna gibba Forskal, Deser. Anim., 46, 1775, Red Sea. Genyoroge gibba, Giinther, Cat., 1, 180. Mesoprion gibbus, Giinther, Fische der Siidsee, 12, taf. 12, 13 (fig. 4). 131. Lutianus erythropterus Bloch. Oue specimen from San Fabian (no. 3343; length 5.8 in.). Lutianus erythropterus Bloch, Ichth., vit, 93, pl. CCXLIX, 1797, Japan; Day, Fishes India, 32, pl. x, figs. 1 and 2; not of Bleeker. Mesoprion erythropterus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 205. 132. Lutianus lunulatus (Mungo Park). Five specimens from Bacon (no. 3309, 3310, and 4135 to 4137; length 6.5 to 7.5 in.), and one from Bulan (no. 3517; length 7 in.). Perca lunulata Mungo Park, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., 11, 1797, 35, pl. 6, Sumatra. Lutianus lunulatus, Bleeker, Atlas, vu, pl. ccexcv, fig. 1, and Atlas, vi, 66 (Sumatra, Celebes). FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 81 133. Lutianus vitta (Quoy & Gaimard). Bitilla. Tivo specimens from Bacon (no. 3718 and 3719; length 5.75 and 6.1 in.), one from Bulan (no. 3595; length 5 in.), and one from Zamboanga (no, 4096; length 9 in.). Serranus vitia Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie, 315, pl. 58, fig. 3, 1824, Waigiou. Diacope vitta Temminck & Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Pisces, 13, pl. v1, fig. 1. Lutianus vitta, Day, Fishes India, 46, pl. x1v, fig. 2. 134. Lutianus lineatus (Quoy & Gaimard). Alangot. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 4125; length 7.5 in.). This specimen is abnormal, in that it has but 9 dorsal spines; teeth on tongue. Diacope lineata Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie, Zool., 309, 1824, Rawak et Waigiou. Mesoprion lineatus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 193. Lutjanus lineatus, Bleeker, Atlas, vu, pl. cccty, fig. 4, and Atlas, vit, 69 (East Indies). 135. Lutianus amboinensis (Bleeker). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3226; length 6.95 in.). Dorsal with 11 spines; no teeth on tongue. Mesoprion amboinensis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 11, 1852, 259, Amboyna. Lutjanus ambomensis Bleeker, Atlas, vu, pl. cocxvi, fig. 2, and Atlas, vit, 57-(East Indies). Genyoroge amboinensis, Giinther, Cat., 1, 183 (Amboyna). 136. Lutianus lineolatus (Riippell). Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3358, 3359, 3361, and 3362; length 6 to 6.5 in.), and 6 from Bulan (no. 3245 to 3247, 3605, and 3596; length 5.75 to 6.1 in.). Diacope lineolata Riippell, Atlas, Fische, 76, pl. 19, fig. 3, 1828, Massaua; not of Bleeker. Mesoprion lineolatus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 205. Lutianus lineolatus, Day, Fishes India, 35, pl. x1, figs. 1 and 2. 137. Lutianus malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider). One small specimen (no. 4006; length 1.75 in.), from Bulan, probably the young of this species. 7. Sparus malabaricus Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 278, 1801, ‘‘in mari Indico." Lutianus malabaricus, Day, Fishes India, 31, pl. IX, fig. 4. 138. Gymnocranius lethrinoides (Bleeker). Three specimens from Bulan (no. 4046 to 4048; length 4.5 to 6 in.). Dentex lethrinoides Bleeker, Sparoiden, 11, Verh. Bat. Gen., xxi, 1850, Batavia. Gymnocranius lethrinoides Bleeker, Atlas, vim, 96, pl. cccxXxxm, fig. 1, and pl. cccxxx1Vv, fig. 3. 139. Pinjalo typus (Bleeker). One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3344; length 6.5 in.), and one from Bulan (no. 4038; length 11.5 in.). Cxsio typus Bleeker, Meenoiden, 10, Verh. Bat. Gen., XXIII, 1850, Batavia; Day, Fishes India, 94, pl. xxrv, fig. 4; Giinther, Cat., I, 391; Bleeker, Atlas, Vu, pl. cexcm, fig. 3, and Atlas, vim, 33. 140. Nemipterus nemurus (Bleeker). Pukit. Two specimens from Jolo (no. 3748 and 3778; length, with caudal filament, 12.5 and 13.5 in.). Dentex nemurus Bleeker, Amboina, 49; Act. Soc. Sei. Ind. Neerl., 1, 1857; Atlas, vm, 87, pl. cCCXXXvV, fig. 4, Amboyna. Synagris nemurus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 378. 141. Nemipterus worcesteri Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 3.45 in length; depth 3.75; eye 3.75in head; snout 2.5; interorbital 1.9in snout; dorsal x, 9; anal 9; scales 4-48-11. ; Body oblong, moderately compressed; depth of caudal peduncle 3.35 in head; anterior profile of head not evenly rounded, being somewhat convex in front of eye; mouth rather large, the lower jaw slightly the longer; B. B. F. 1906—6 82 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. maxillary 2.85 in head; mandible 3; distal end of maxillary not reaching to below anterior border of eye; preorbital 3.75; bands of small teeth in jaws, with small canines anteriorly, and a row of slightly enlarged curved teeth in each side; gillrakers represented by wide blunt knobs, 7 on lower limb; body covered by thin delicate scales, 3 rows on cheek; preopercle entire; opercle with a single spine at posterior margin; origin of dorsal on line with origin of pectoral, longest dorsal spine 2.1 in head, the longest ray 2.5; webs of dorsal fin scarcely incised; origin of anal slightly nearer origin of ventral than base of caudal, its longest ray 3.25 in head; base of anal 2.95 in base of dorsal; ventrals1.4 in head, their origin below pectoral, their tips not reaching vent; pectoral 1.45 in head; caudal forked; none of the fins with elongate rays. Color in spirits, yellowish white with slight tint of brown above; no stripes; a wide deep black band entirely encircling caudal peduncle, the black extending out slightly on upper and lower rays of caudal. Fia. 14.— Nemipterus worcesteri Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. One specimen (no. 4124; length 8.5 in.), from Bacon, Sorsogon, P. I., type no. 55917, U. S. National Museum; collector Charles J. Pierson. We take pleasure in naming this species for the Hon. Dean C. Worcester, of the Philippine Commission, in recognition of his valuable work in promoting the study of the zoology of the Philippine Islands. 142. Nemipterus teeniopterus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Baga. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3512; length 8 in.). Dentex teniopterus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., V1, 183 (246), locality unknown. Synagris teniopterus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 374 (N. E. coast of Australia; Molucea Sea). 143. Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch). One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3436; length 7.5 in.). Sparus japonicus Bloch, Ichth., pl. CCLXXvH, fig. 1. Dentex blochi Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 11, 1851, 176, Batavia; Atlas, vu, 90, pl. ccCxXX, fig. 4. Synagris japonicus, Giinther, Cat., I, 378; Day, Fishes India, 92, pl. xx1v, fig. 2. 144. Nemipterus ovenii (Bleeker). Two specimens from Bulan (no. 3371 and 3372; length 6.25 and 7.5 in.). Denter ovenii Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., vu, 1854, 246, Celebes; Atlas, viul, 86, pl. cccXxviM), fig. 5. Synagris ovenii, Giinther, Cat., *, 375. " FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 83 145. Ceesio cuning (Bloch). Fifteen specimens from Bacon (no. 3624 to 3636, 3400 to 3402, 3641, 3642, 3654 to 3657, 3486 to 3488, 4044 and 4045; length 4.75 to 10 in.) and one from Zamboanga (no. 4043; length 10 in.). Sparus cuning Bloch, Ichth., pl. ccuxiu, fig. 1. Cxsio cuning, Day, Fishes India, 95. 146. Ceesio ceerulaurens (Lacépéde). Sulik. Eighteen specimens from Bacon (no. 3481 to 3485, 3543 to 3548, 3473, 3474, 3985, and 4114 to 4117; length 4.75 to 8 in.), one from Zamboanga (no. 3419), and one from San Fabian (no. 3708). Cesio cxrulaurens Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 86, 1829; Giinther, Cat., 1, 392; Bleeker, Atlas, vim, 39, pl. ccexLvu, fig. 4. 147. Czesio chrysozona Kuhl & Van Hasselt. Ten specimens from Bacon (no. 3702 to 3707, 4010, 4011, 3930, and 3931; length 5 to 6 in.). Cxsio chrysozona Kuhl & Van Hasselt in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v1, 331 (440) Indian Archipelago; Giinther Cat., 1, 392; Day, Fishes India, 95, pl. xx1v, fig. 5. Family HEMULIDE. 148. Terapon jarbua (Forskal). Bungao; Siran banlaonon; Belaque. Two specimens from Bulan (no. 4104 and 4105; length 5 and 7 in.) and 3 from San Fabian (no. 3261 3265, and 4145; length 4 to 7 in.). Scie#na jarbua Forskal, Descr. Anim., 50, 1775, Red Sea Therapon servus, Ginther, Cat., 1, 278. Therapon jarbua, Day, Fishes of India, 69, pl. xvii, fig. 4. 149. Terapon puta Cuvier & Valenciennes. Dacoson. Twenty specimens from Bulan (no. 3695; length 2.1 to 2.75 in.), 60 from Bacon (no. 3701; length 2 to 2.45 in.), and 2 from San Fabian (no. 3738 and 3838; length 4.75 and 5.1 in.). Therapon puta Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 98 (131) East Indies; Day, Fishes India, 68, pl. xviu, fig. 3. Therapon ghebul Ehrenberg in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., m1, 99 (133); Giinther, Cat., 1, 281. Therapon trivittatus, Giinther Cat., 1, 280. 150. Terapon quadrilineatus (Bloch). Dacoson; Agaae. Twenty specimens from Bulan (no. 4198 and 3708; length 2.1 to 2.75 in.) and 2 specimens from San Fabian, (no. 3827 and 3975; length 5.75 in.). Ventrals reaching vent. Holocentrus quadrilineatus Bloch, Ichth., vil, 63, pl. ccCxxxviml, fig. 2, 1797, no locality. Therapon quadrilineatus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 282; Day, Fishes India, 70, pl. xvi, fig. 5. 151. Terapon theraps (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Five specimens from Bulan (no. 4200; length 2.1 in.) and 1 from Bacon (no. 4199; length 2.75 in.). In this species the ventrals do not reach the vent, which is located midway between base of caudal and origin of ventrals. In 7. quadrilineatus the ventrals reach the vent, which is located much nearer to origin of ventrals than to base of caudal. Therapon theraps Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 97 (129), pl. 53; Giinther, Cat., 1, 274; Day, Fishes India, 70, pl. xvii, fig. 6. 152. Pomadasis maculatus (Bloch). Lacsaqu. Four specimens from San Fabian (no. 3334, 3335, 3337, and 3338; length 6 to 7 in.) Anthias maculatus Bloch, Ichth., x, 7, pl. cecxxvI, fig. 2, 1797, East Indies. Pristipoma maculatum, Giinther, Cat., 1, 293 (Torres Strait; Amboyna); Bleeker, Atlas, vil, pl. cccviu, fig. 2. Pomadasys maculatus, Bleeker, Atlas, vil, 27. 84 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 153. Pentapus caninus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3935, 3936, and 3847; length 4.9 to 5.5 in.). Head 3.5 in length; depth 3.6; scales 3-44-12; dorsal x, 9; anal im, 7. Scolopsides caninus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 266 (354), New Guinea. Scolopsis caninus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 364. Pentapus bifasciatus Bleeker, Atlas, vu, 103, pl. ccxcy, fig. 5. 154. Pentapus setosus Cuvier & Valenciennes. Bakutut. Two specimens from Bulan (no. 3844 and 3846; length 5 and 5.1 in.) and 1 from Jolo (no. 3204; length 7.95 in.). Dorsal x, 9; anal m1, 7; scales 45; depth 3.1; head 3.1. Small specimens show a dark spot at base of caudal. Pentapus setosus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss.. v1, 200 (270), Batavia; Giincher, Cav., 1, 382; Bleeker, Atlas, vil, 101, pl. ceexxIy, fig. 1. s 155. Plectorhynchus pictus (Thunberg). One specimen from Bulan (no. 4142; length 7 in.), and one from Jolo (no. 4068; length 9 in.). Perca picta Thunberg, K. Vetensk. Acad. n. Handl., x11, 143, pl. 5, 1792, no locality. Diagramma pictum, Ginther, Cat., 1, 327. Plectorhynchus pictus, Bleeker, Atlas, vu1, 24, pl. cCCXXIX, fig. 4. 156. Plectorhynchus chrysotznia (Bleeker). Two small specimens from Bulan (no. 4201; length 2 and 3.2 in.). Diagramma chrysotznia Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1X, 1855, 303, Celebes. Plectorhynchus. chrysotenia, Bleeker, Atlas, VII, 16, pl. CCCXXIX, fig. 1; Giinther, Cat., 1, 333. 157. Plectorhynchus goldmanni (Bleeker). Manila. One specimen from Jolo (no. 3219; length 8 in.), and one from San Fabian (no. 4150; length 7 in.). Diagramma goldmanni Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1v, 602, 1853, Ternate; Giinther, Cat., 1, 331. Plectorhynchus goldmanni Bleeker, Atlas, vil, 21, and Atlas, vil, pl. ccxcv, fig. 2. 158. Plectorhynchus celebicus Bleeker. A vting. Two specimens from Jolo (no. 4064; length 2.5 and 10.5 in.). This species is easily distinguished from P. chrysotenia, in which the caudal is not notched. Plectorhynchus celebicus Bleeker, Ned. Tijds. Dierk., Iv, 1873, 285, Celebes; Atlas, vul, 18, pl. ccCXXIX, fig. 3. 159. Scolopsis cancellatum (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3420 and 3887; length 4.2 and 6.75 in.), and 2 from Bulan (no. 3209 and 4071; length 6.1 and 6.2 in.). Scolopsides cancellatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 264 (351), 1830, Sandwich Islands, Waigiou and Rauwac. Scolopsis cancellatus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 361 (Sumatra); Day, Fishes India, 86, pl. XXU, fig. 6. 160. Scolopsis bilineatum (Bloch). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3875; length 5.75 in.). Anthias bilineatus Bloch, Ichth., x, 1, pl. ccCXXvV, fig. 1, 1797, Japan. Scolopsis bilineatus, Giinther, Cat., 1,357 (Amboyna; Celebes); Day, Fishes India, 85, pl. xxi, fig. 3 (Andamans). 161. Scolopsis margaritiferum (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3736, 3360, 3537, and 3499; length 7.5 to 8 in.), and 2 from Bulan (no. 4134 and 3796; length 7.5 and 8.2 in.). Depth 2.5; head 3.2; dorsal x, 9; anal m1, 7; scales 37. Scolopsides margaritifer Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 254 (337), Waigiou. Scolopsis margaritifer, Ginther, Cat.,1, 355; Bleeker, Atlas, vil, pl. cccXvi, fig. 2, and Atlas, VII, 3. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 85 162. Scolopsis luzonia Jordan & Seale. Thirteen specimens from Bacon (no. 3730 to 3733, 3403 to 3406, 3829 to 3831, 4001 and 4017; length 4 to 6 in.), and one from San Fabian (no. 3332), A prominent serrated ridge on maxillary. & Scolopsis luzonia Jordan & Seale, Bull. Bu. Fisheries, xxv1, 1906, Cavite, Luzon, (Collected by Dr. Lung; type, no. 9243, Stanford Univ.). 163. Scolopsis monogrammus (Kuhl & Van Hasselt). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3277; length 5.85 in.). Head 3 in length; depth 2.8; eye 3.5 in head; snout 3; interorbital equals eye; scales 5-48-11, 6 rows on cheek. Color in spirits, yellowish; an indistinct dusky band almost width of eye from head to caudal. This species is close to S. personatus, from which it differs in the greater depth, narrower interorbital, smaller scales, and in having 6 rows of scales (instead of 5) on the cheek. Scolopsides monogramma Kuhl & Van Hasselt in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss.,Vv, 254 (338) Java; Giinther, Cat., 1, 358. Stolopsis monogramma, Bleeker, Atlas, vil, 11, pl. ccexxxvy, fig. 3. 164. Scolopsis bulanensis Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 3.25 in length; depth 3.3; eye 2.75 in head; interorbital 3.5; snout 3.55; dorsal x, 9; anal m1, 7; scales 4-43-10. Body oblong, moderately compressed; depth of caudal peduncle 3 in head; anterior profile of head slightly convex above eyes; mouth rather small, jaws equal; maxillary 3.75 in head, its distal end not reaching to FiG. !5.—Scolopsis bulanensis Evermann «& Seale, new species. Type. i anterior margin of orbit; mandible 2.95 in head; teeth villiform in jaws and on vomer; preorbital width 3 in eye, with one strong spine above and 2 smaller ones below, the large one reaching slightly past middie of eye; gillrakers consisting of blunt knobs, about 7 on lower arch; posterior margin of preopercle denticulate; opercle with a single spine at its posterior margin; body fully scaled, 5 series on cheek; scales on top of head minute, those on belly larger; vertical fins unscaled, but fitting into scaly sheath; origin of dorsal slightly posterior to origin of pectoral, longest spine 2.75 in head, longest ray 2.75; origin of anal nearer origin of ventrals than to base of caudal, its longest ray 2.7 in head, the second anal spine longest and strongest, 2.5 in head, base of anal 3.6 in base of dorsal; ventrals 1.3 in head, their tip falling far short of anal; pectoral 1.35 in head, scarcely reaching tip of ventrals; caudal forked. Color in spirits, dull yellowish brown; an indistinct dusky longitudinal line on side; short oblique black lines between pectoral fin and lateral line; an oblong white blotch extending forward and downwarc from posterior axil of dorsal to near middle of body; a black spot at axil of pectoral, another on posterior portion of operele just in front of pectoral; fins unmarked. 86 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. This species is related to S. personatus, from which it differs in the larger eye, more slender body, and the color. One specimen, the type, no. 55909, U.S. National Museum (original no. 3845), 4.25 inches long, from Bulan, Sorsogon, P. I.; collector Charles J. Pierson. 3 Family SPARIDA. . 165. Sparus calamara Russell. One specimen from Bulan (no. 3258; length 6.5 in.). Pectoral longer than head; ventrals reaching past vent. Sparus calamara Russell, Fishes Coromandel, 1, pl. 92, 1803, Coromandel. Chrysophrys calamara, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v1, 85 (117); Giinther, Cat., 1, 493. Chrysophrys berda var. calamara, Day, Fishes India, 140, pl. xxxv, fig. 2 (Sind and Malabar). 166. Lethrinus nematacanthus Bleeker. Three specimens from Bulan (no. 3457, 3458, and 3946; length 4.75 to 6 in.). This species is easily distinguished by the elongate second dorsal spine which is contained 1.5 in head. A black spot between pectoral and lateral line. Lethrinus nematacanthus Bleeker, Ichth. Japon., 90, Verh. Bat. Gen., xxv, 1854, Japan; Bleeker, Atlas, vm, 114, pl. ccexxxvu, fig. 3; Giinther, Cat., 1, 456 (Louisiade Archipelago). 167. Lethrinus richardsoni Giinther. Twenty-five specimens from Bacon (no. 3205 to 3208, 3236, 3237, 3238, 3313, 3317 to 3323, 3329 to 3341, 3527 to 3530, 3820, 3821, and 3967; length 3.75 to 6.5 in.). Lethrinus hamatopterus, Richardson, Voy. Sulphur, 144, pl. 64, fig. 1; not of Temminck « Schlegel. Lethrinus richardsonii Giinther, Cat., I, 456, 1859, China; Hongkong; Jordan & Evermann, Proc. U. 5. Nat. Mus., xxv, 1903, 350 (Formosa). 168. Lethrinus meensii Bleeker. Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3526, 3452, 3934, and 3969; length 4.5 to 6.5 in.). Lethrinus mensii Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1x, 1855, 485, Batjan; Bleeker, Atlas, vi, pl. cCxCvII, fig. 3, and Atlas, “ yu, 115; Giinther, Cat.,1, 455 (Copang; Timor; Louisiade Archipelago); Fische der Siidsee, 64, pl. 46, fig. A (Paumotu; Harvey; Pelew; Kingsmill; Society Islands). 169. Lethrinus variegatus Ehrenberg. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3326; length 6.5 in.). Known by its slender body, long snout, and peculiar conical lateral teeth. Lethrinus variegatus Ehrenberg in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v1, 213 (287), Massauah, Suez; Bleeker, Atlas, vil, pl. ccexvn, fig. 1, and Atlas, vim, 117, pl. cccxxvin, fig. 3, and pl. cccxxx, fig. 2. 170. Lethrinus hypselopterus Bleeker. One specimen from “Philippine Islands” (no local label, no. 4169; length 10.2.in.). Head 3 in length; depth 2.6; eye 4 in head; snout 2; preorbital 2.4; scales 6-46-14; dorsal x, 9; anal ut, 7; pectoral nearly as long as head. Lethrinus hypselopterus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Dierk., Iv, 326, Sumatra; Atlas, vii, 114, pl. cccxXxx, fig. 3. 171. Lethrinus harak (Forskil). Bakutut. One specimen from Jolo (uo. 4109; length 9 in.), 9 from Bacon (0. 3316, 3453 to 3456, 3970, 3968 and 3525: length 2.25 to 6.75 in.), and 2 from San Fabian (no. 3338; length 2.5 and 2.75 in.). Scizna harak Forskal, Deser. Anim., 52, 1775, Red Sea. Lethrinus harak, Giinther, Cat.,1,458 (Red Sea); Bleeker, Atlas, vill, 119, pl. cccxxvul, fig. 3; Day, Fishes of India, 137, pl. XXX, fig. 3. ~] FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 172. Lethrinus ornatus Cuvier & Valenciennes. One specimen from Bulan (no. 3862; length 1.95 in.). Lethrinus ornatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v1, 231 (310), Java; Bleeker, Atlas, VitI, 115, pl. ccc, fig. 4. Lethrinus xanthotxnia Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 11, 1851, 176, Sumatra; Giinther, Cat., 1, 401. 173. Lethrinus mahsenoides Ehrenberg. One specimen from Philippines (no local label, no. 4167; length 10.2 in.). Lethrinus mahsenoides Ehrenberg in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v1, 212 (286), no locality given; Giinther, Cat., 1, 464 (Philippines; Amboyna); Bleeker, Sparoiden., 15, Ver. Bat. Gen., Xx1I1, 1850. ‘ Family SCLENIDA. 174. Umbrina dussumieri Cuvier & Valenciennes. — [bot. Five specimens from San Fabian (no. 4097 to 4101; length 4 to 5.25 in.). Umbrina dussumieri Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1x, 355 (481), Coromandel; Giinther, Cat., 1, 278; Bleeker, Atlas, 1X, pl. CCCLXXXVHI, fig. 4; Day, Fishes of India, 183, pl. xii, figs. 2 and 3. 175. Umbrina russelli Cuvier & Valenciennes. Belaque. Three specimens from San Fabian (no. 3268 to 3270; length 4.75 and 6.1 in.). Umbrina russelli Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 132 (178), Coromandel; Giinther, Cat., I, 278; Day, Fishes of India, 183, pl. XL; fig. 4. Scigna russelli Bleeker, Atlas, 1X, pl. CCCLXXXVI, fig. 2. 176. Otolithus argenteus Kuhl & Van Hasselt. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3441; length 9 in.). Otolithus argenteus Kuhl & Van Hasselt in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss 310; Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. cCCLXXXV, fig. 5. Vv, 47 (62), Batavia; Giinther, Cat., 1, 177. Johnius belengeri (Cuvier & Valenciennes). [bot. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3709; length 7.75 in.). Corvina belengerii Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 89 (120); Giinther, Cat., 1, 303 (Malabar). Johnius belengeri, Bleeker, Atlas, 1X, pl. CCCLXXXVH, fig. 1. Family SILLAGINID®. 178. Sillago macrolepis Bleeker. Two specimens from Bulan (no. 4094 and 4095; length 7.25 and 8 in.). Eye 4 in head, 1.75 in snout; snout 2.35 in head; scales about 60. Sillago macrolepis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., xvi, 1858, 166, Bali, and Atlas, 1X, pl. CCCLXXXIX, fig. 1; Giinther, Cat., Il, 246. Family MULLID. 179. Mulloides vanicolensis (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Two specimens from Zamboanga (no. 4090 and 4091; length 9 and 10 in.). Upeneus vanicolensis Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vil, 391 (521), Vanicolo. Mulloides vanicolensis, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., Xxm1, pt. 1, 1903 (July 29, 1905), 254. 180. Mulloides samoensis Giinther. Tuhac. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 4130; length 5.55 in.) and one from Bacon (no. 4131; length 6.25 in.). This species is easily distinguished by the black spot on side under posterior end of pectoral. Mulloides samoensis Giinther, Fische der Siidsee, 57, pl. 43, fig. B, Apia, Samoa; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., xx1i1, 1903, 253, fig. 105 (Oahu Island; Hilo). 88 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 181. Mulloides japonicus (Houttuyn). Four specimens from Bulan (no. 3901 to 3904; length 4.75 in.). Head 3.5 in length; depth 3.85; scales 30; 3 or 4 dusky oblique bands on caudal, almost obliterated on lower lobe, an indistinct dusky line on side from head to caudal. No difference can be detected in these specimens when compared with specimens from Japan. Mullus japonicus Houttuyn, Verh. Holl. Maat. Weet. Haarlem, xXx., deels, 2 stuk, 1782, p- 311-346, Nagasaki. Mulloides japonicus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 404; Snyder, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., XXX1, 1906, 552 (Misaki). Upeneus japonicus, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 339 (460), 1829 (Japan). 182. Upeneus tragula Richardson. Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3634 to 3636; length 5.25 to 6.5 in.). Upeneus tragula Richardson, Ichth. China, in Rept. Brit. Assoc., Xv, 1845, 220, Canton; Giinther, Cat., I, 398. 183. Upeneus sulphurus Cuvier & Valenciennes. Belaque. Six specimens from San Fabian (no. 3921; length 3.5 in.). Upeneus sulphurus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 331 (450), Antjer. Upeneoides sulphureus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 398. 184. Upeneus sundaicus (Bleeker). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3201; length 5.1 in.). Head 3.5 in length; depth 3.75; eye 4 in head; interorbital 4; scales 2-32-5; dorsal v1, 9; anal 1, 6; teeth in villiform bands on jaws, palatines, and vomer, those on vomer very minute, easily overlooked, possibly sometimes absent. Color in spirits yellowish, an indistinct dark longitudinal line from eye to caudal; fins unmarked. Upeneoides sundaicus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., vii, 1855, 411, East Indies, and Atlas, 1x, pl. cccxclv, fig. 2; Giinther, Cat., 1, 399. 185. Pseudupeneus moana Jordan & Seale. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3249; length 9 in.). Upeneus trifasciatus Ginther, Fische der Siidsee, 59, pl. 44, fig. B (Vavau; Samoa; Amboyna); not of Lacépéde Pseudupeneus moana Jordan & Seale, Fishes of Samoa; Bull. Bu. Fisheries, xxv, 1905 (1906), 274, Samoa. 186. Pseudupeneus bifasciatus (Lacépéde). Pinovugnan. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3275; length 8.75 in.). > Mullus bifasciatus Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 404, pl. 14, fig. 2, 1801, no locality. Pseudupeneus bifasciatus, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., xx, 1903, 258, fig. 107 (Hawaiian Islands) 187. Pseudupeneus barberinus (Lacépéde). One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3972; length 5.2 in.) and one from Bacon (no. 3886; length 4.75 in.). Mullus barberinus Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 406, pl. 13, fig. 3, 1801. Upeneus barberinus, Giinther, Cat.,1, 405 (Amboyna; Moluceas; India). 188. Pseudupeneus indicus (Shaw). Tao. Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3615, 3616, and 4108; length 5.5 to 6.5 in.) and one from Bulan (no. 3672; length 7.75 in.). t Mullus indicus Shaw., Zool., 1v, pt. 2, 614, 1803, Indian Seas. Upeneus indicus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 406 (China). 189. Pseudupeneus spilurus (Bleeker). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3861; length 4 in.). This species has a distinct black spot on caudal peduncle above the lateral line and a dusky blotch at the anterior origin of lateral line. Upeneus spilurus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., v1, 395, 1854, Nagasaki; Gunther, Cat., 1, 406. Vs FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 89 190. Pseudupeneus luteus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). One specimen from Jolo (no. 4141; length 7.5 in.). Head 3.1 in length; depth 3.51; eye 5 in head; snout 2; scales 30; barbels short, not reaching base of ventral. Color in spirits, uniform yellow, no saddle over caudal peduncle. Upenets luteus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vil, 392 (521), Ne de France; Day, Fishes of India, 125, pl. xxx1, fig. 2. Parupeneus luteus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1X, pl. cccxclv, fig. 1. Family POMACENTRIDA. 191. Pomacentrus trimaculatus Cuvier & Valenciennes. Bitilla. ‘Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3798 and 3790; length 5.25 in.) and one from San Fabian (no. 3972). Pomacentrus trimaculatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 320 (427), no locality; Giinther, Cat., 1v, 19; Day, Fishes of India, 382, pl. LXxx, fig. 10. Dischistodus trimaculatus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. cccclv, fig. 5. 192. Pomacentrus jerdoni Day. Thirteen specimens from Bulan (no. 3391 to 3399 and 3786 to 3789; length 3.75 to 6 in.). These agree with Day's description in every respect. They have 13 dorsal spines, a black spot on upper axil of pectoral, the lateral line discontinued under posterior end of soft dorsal, and not continued on caudal peduncle, as in P. tapeinosoma, which has only 12 dorsal spines. Pomacentrus jerdoni Day, Fishes of India, 383, pl. LXXX, fig. 7, Madras. 193. Pomacentrus moluccensis Bleeker. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3895; length 2.75 in.). Color yellowish brown; a small black spot at origin of lateral line, another in upper axil of pectoral. Pomacentrus moluccensis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., Iv, 1853, 118, Amboyna, and Atlas, 1x, pl. cccen, fig. 3 (Molucca) Giinther, Cat., Iv, 30. 194. Pomacentrus littoralis Kuhl & Van Hasselt. iting. Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3896 and 3852; length 4 in.). Preopercle and preorbital strongly ser- rated. Color in spirits, brownish, including all the fins; a small dusky spot at origin of lateral lines; some bluish markings on head. This species is similar to P. moluccensis in some respects, but the latter is a deeper fish, considerably lighter in color, with a black spot in axil of pectoral. Pomacentrus tittoralis Kuhl & Van Hasselt in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 318 (425), Java; Bleeker, Atlas 1x, pl. ccecly, fig. 8; Giinther, Cat., 1v, 32 (Amboyna; Dove Island; Port Essington). 195. Pomacentrus tripunctatus Cuvier & Valenciennes. Eleven specimens from Bacon (no. 3679 and 3681 to 3690; length 2.5 to 3.5 in.). These specimens are all uniform brownish in color, the caudal scarcely lighter; a distinct round black spot on top of caudal peduncle posterior to axil of soft dorsal fin; preopercle and preoibital denticulate. Our specimens agree with Bleeker’s figure, except that they are not quite so deep, the depth being 2.2 in length without caudal; preorbital distinctly serrate. Pomacentrus tripunctatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 315 (421), Vanicolo; Giinther, Cat., Iv, 33. Pomacentrus trilineatus, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 25; Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. ccecevt, figs. 1-6. 196. Pomacentrus teniurus Bleeker. One specimen from Philippine Islands (no local label; no. 3998; length 2.75 in.). Preopercle but slightly denticulate. A black spot at beginning of lateral line; posterior part of soft dorsal whitish—probably yellow in life. Pomacentrus t#niurus Bleeker, Act. Soc. Se. Ind. Ned.,1, Amboina, 51, 1856, Amboyna; Atlas, 1X, pl. ccceviil, fig. 2; Giinther, Cat., IV, 22. 90 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 197. Pomacentrus popei Evermann & Seale, new species. . Head 3 in length; depth 1.9; eye 2.8 in head; snout 3.5; interorbital 2.75; dorsal xim, 12; anal m, 13; scales 3-24-9. Body elevated, compressed; depth of caudal peduncle 2 in head; anterior profile evenly rounded; jaws equal; a single series of blunt, rather strong teeth in each jaw, none on vomer or palatines; gillrakers sharp, 13 on lower limb, the longest equal to one-half eye; maxillary not reaching anterior margin of eye, its length equal to eye; mandible 2.75 in head; greatest preorbital width 2 in eye, its margin denticulate with a rather strong spine below anterior third of eye; preopercle strongly denticulate; opercle with a single spine on its posterior margin; body and head fully covered with firm pectinate scales; no scales on preorbital, about 3 rows of scales on cheek; scales on top of head small, about 20 series in front of dorsal; origin of dorsal on line with axil of pectoral, the distance between tip of snout and origin of dorsal 2.2 in length; longest spine 2.25 in head; middle ray of soft dorsal longest, 1.35 in head; origin of anal fin midway between base of caudal and origin of ventral, the middle rays of fin longest, 1.35 in head; second anal spine longest, 1.75) in head; origin of ventral below axil of pectoral, its tip reaching vent; pectoral equal to head; caudal emarginate, 1.1 in head. Fig. 16.—Pomacentrus popei Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. Color in spirits, straw-yellow, no spots or dots on body or in axil of any fin; anal fin rather broadly mar- gined with black; a narrow brownish margin to dorsal, indistinct on soft dorsal; otherwise fins all yellow, unmarked. One fine specimen (no. 3470; length 2.45 in.). Type, no. 55903, U.S. National Museum, collected by Charles J. Pierson at Bacon, Sorsogon, P. I. Named for our friend and associate, Mr. Thomas Edmund Burt Pope, scientific assistant, U.S. Bureau of Fisheries. 198. Pomacentrus alexanderz Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 3.45 in length; depth 2; eye 3 in head; interorbital 3.2; snout 4.5; dorsal xm, 14; anal m, 14; seales 4-27-9. Body compressed, elevated; depth of caudal peduncle 2 in head; anterior profile evenly rounded; mouth small; teeth in a single row in each jaw; maxillary ending on a line with anterior margin of orbit, its length slightly less than eye; mandible 3.1 in head; preorbital with some minute denticulations and one rather strong spine below anterior margin of pupil; greatest width of preorbital 2.5 in eye; preopercle distinctly denticulate; opercle with spine on posterior margin; gillrakers small, sharp-pointed, 13 on lower limb, the sae => 3 : - FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 91 longest 2.5 in eye; 2 or 3 rows of scales on cheek; body and head fully scaled; lateral line with but 16 distinct tubules; about 20 series of scales in front of dorsal; origin of dorsal on a line with axil of pectoral, the spines gradually increasing in length, the last being longest, 1.5 in head, the anterior spine scarcely equal to eye; webs of spinous dorsal deeply incised; middle soft dorsal ray the longest, 1.25 in head; origin of anal below base of eleventh dorsal spine, its base 1.1 in head, its longest ray 1.8, the second spine 1.55; vertical fins with deep scaly sheath; ventral slightly nearer origin of anal fin than to tip of snout, its tip reaching vent; pec- toral equal to length of head; caudal emarginate, the lobes pointed, length greater than head. Color in spirits, dull yellowish, shading gradually into a soft brown on upper anterior portion of body and head; a large, deep, black spot covering entire base and axil of pectoral fin; some slight indications of very, indistinet yellow longitudinal lines on side; spinous dorsal brownish, with dusky margin extending along upper edge of soft dorsal; soft dorsal becoming yellow on posterior half; anal yellow, the marginal third dusky; caudal yellow; ventrals with slight tint of dusky; pectoral yellow. é Seven specimens from Bacon (no. 3996 and 3905; length 3.25 to 3.5 in.). Type, no. 55919, U.S. National Museum, from Bacon, Sorsogon, P. I., length 3.5 in., collected by Mr. Charles J. Pierson. Of the cotypes one FiG. 17—Pomacentrus alerandere Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. (Bureau of Fisheries, no. 3996) is no. 20005, Stanford University Museum; another is no. 4540, U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, and there is one each in the museum at Manila, Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, U.S. National Museum, and Indiana University Museum. Named for Miss Annie M. Alexander, of Oakland, California, in recognition of her interest and work in zoology. 199. Pomacentrus philippinus Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 3.35 in length; depth 2; eye 3 in head; snout 4.1; interorbital 2.75; dorsal x1, 14; anal u, 14; scales 4-26-9, —-18 tubes. Body oblong, compressed ; depth of caudal peduncle 1.75 in head ; anterior profile evenly rounded ; jaws equal; maxillary scarcely equal to diameter of eye, its distal end under anterior margin of eye; mandible 3 in head; small teeth in jaws in single series, none on vomer or palatines; gillrakers slim, sharp-pointed, 12 on lower limb, the longest about equal to pupil; preorbital with 2 or 3 small denticulations, greatest width of preorbital 3 in eye; preopercle distinctly denticulate; opercle with a single spine on posterior border; body and head fully sealed, a single row on preorbital, 2 rows on cheek, a single row on lower limb of preopercle; very fine scales on top of head, about 23 series in front of dorsal; origin of dorsal above axil of pectoral; distance between origin of dorsal and tip of snout 1.25 in depth of fish; longest dorsal spine 1.75 in head, length of anterior spines 4.75; middle ray of dorsal longest, equal to head, its tip slightly produced; webs of spinous dorsal incised; origin of anal nearer base of ventral than base of caudal, the second spine the longest, 2.45 in head; middle ray of anal longest, about 92 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. equal to head, the tip slightly produced; ventral below axil of pectoral, the first ray produced into a filament reaching posterior to vent; pectoral slightly greater than head, its tip on a line with vent; caudal greater than head, the lobes produced. Color in spirits, purplish, slightly lighter on thorax; caudal yellow, fading into purplish on caudal peduncle; lower half of soft dorsal and upper half of anal yellow, the other portion of these fins dusky, the line of demarca- tion between the 2 colors abrupt; ventrals black; pectoral dusky, a black spot on upper two-thirds of pectoral base and on axil of fin. Fic. 18.—Pomacentrus philippinus Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. Two specimens from Bacon (no. 4207 and 4028; length 2.5 and 2.75 in.). Type, no. 55901, U.S. National Museum, from Bacon, Sorsogon, P. I., collected by Charles J. Pierson, and cotype, no. 20009, Stanford Univer- sity Museum. 200. Abudefduf xanthurus (Bleeker). Eleven specimens from Bacon (no. 3461 to 3469, 3905, and 3854; length 3.5 to 4.5 in.). Glyphidodon xanthuruc Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., vy, 1853, 345, Amboyna; Giinther, Cat.,1v, 47 (Ceram; Amboyna). Paraglyphidodon canthurus Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. ccccv, fig. 3. 201. Abudefduf bankieri (Richardson). Five specimens from Bacon (no. 3891, 4205, and 4206; length 1.75 to 2.5 in.). Glyphisodon bankveri Richardson, Ichth. China, 253, 1846, Hongkong; Giinther, Cat., 1v, 54 (China). Parapomacentrus bankieri Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. ccccvi1l, fig. 8. 202. Abudefduf zonatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 4208 and 3680; length 2 and 2.5 in.). Glyphisodon zonatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 361 (483), 1830, New Guinea. Glyphidodontops zonatus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1X, pl. ccCCVII, fig. 3. Glyphidodon brownriggtt Giinther, Fische der Siidsee, 232, pl. 127, fig. A and c; in part. 203. Abudefduf cyaneus (Quoy & Gaimard). Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3863 and 4212; length 1.2 to 2.25 in.). Dorsal xm, 12; preorbital and preopercle entire; depth 2.2 without caudal; head 3.35. Color in spirits deep blue; pectoral, soft dorsal, caudal, ventral, and anal yellowish; a small indistinct deeper blue spot at origin of lateral line; no spot in axil of pectoral or on soft dorsal; no stripes on head. One specimen (no. 4212) is uniform blue without yellowish on fins. This specimen is slightly less in depth than the others, the ventral fins being also a little darker in color. Glyphisodon cyaneus Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie, Zool., 392, pl. 64, fig. 3, 1824; no locality. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 93 204. Abudefduf antjerius (Kuhl & Van Hasselt). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3470, 3471, and 4210; length 1.4 to 2.1 in.). Glyphisodon antjervus Kuhl & Van Hasselt in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., v, 860 (481), Antjer; Giinther, Cat., Iv, 50 (Amboyna; Borneo). 205. Abudefduf glaucus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 4202 to 4204; length 2 to 2.5 in.). Glyphisodon glaucus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Vv, 355 (475), 1830, Guam. 206. Abudefduf curagao (Bloch). Seven specimens from Bacon (no. 4020, 4021, 3925, 3926, 3779, 3877, and 3879; length 2.75 to 4 in.). These specimens differ from the descriptions and figure in having the lower posterior part of anal dusky and a dusky wash on upper and lower margin of caudal, but not as in A. calestinus, with which we have compared it. Chzxtodon curacao Bloch, Ichth., v1, 79, pl. cexu, fig. 1, 1797, Curagao. Glyphisodon trifasciatus; Giinther, Cat., lv, 422 (Amboyna; Ceram). 207. Abudefduf septemfasciatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3879; length 4.95 in.). Glyphisodon septemfasciatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Vv, 346 (463), 1830, Ile de France; Giinther, Cat., 1v, 40, 1862 (China; Philippine Islands; Ceylon). 208. Abudefduf unimaculatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 4209 and 4210; length 2 and 2.75 in.). Head 3.4 in total length; depth 2.1; dorsal xm, 13; anal 11,12. Color in spirits purplish, a black spot in axil of soft dorsal. Glyphisodon unimaculatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., Vv, 358 (478), Timor. Glyphidodon unimaculatus, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 51 (Borneo). Glyphidodontops unimaculatus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. ccccvul, fig. 5 (not 6, as labeled). Family LABRID. 209. Cheilinus fasciatus (Bloch). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3971 to 3973; length 4.2 in.). Sparus faciatus Bloch, Ichth., vit, 15, pl. ccLvu, 1797, Japan. Cheilinus fasciatus, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 129 (Amboyna); Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 67, pl. xxvt, fig. 2. 210. Cheilinus chlorurus (Bloch). Five specimens from Bacon (no. 3503, 3504 and 3872 to 3874; length 4 to 7.75 in.). Sparus chlorurus Bloch Ichth., viu, 21, pl. ccLx, 1797,‘‘ Japan and St. Domingue."’ Cheilinus chlorurus, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 128 (Amboyna; Ceylon; Ceram; Aneityum); Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 65, pl. xXvu, fig. 3. 211. Stethojulis zatima Jordan & Seale. One specimen from Bacon (no. 4214: length 1.75 in.) and one withour local label (no. 4191; length 1.5 in.). Stethojulis zatima Jordan & Seale, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxvii, 788, 1905, Negros, Philippine Islands. 212. Stethojulis phekadopleura (Bleeker). One specimen from Bacon (no. 4215; length 2 in.). Julis phekadopleura Bleeker, Ichth. fauna Bali, 8, Verh. Bat. Gen., xxi, 1849, Bali, Stethojulis phekadopleura Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 134, pl. XLiu, fig. 5; Giinther, Cat., rv, 143. 213. Cheilio inermis (lorskal). Fourteen specimens from Pacon (no. 3520, 3584 to 3586, 3413 to 3415, 3652, 3699, 3945, 3610, 3611, 3720 and 3836; length 3.2 to 13.5 in.). Labrus vnermis Forskal, Deser. Anim., 34, 1775, Red Sea. Cheilio inermis, Jordan & Eyermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., xxu1, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 314, pl. xxx (Honolulu; Hilo). 94 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 214. Lepidaplois mesothorax (Bloch & Schneider). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3920; length 5.5 in.). Labrus mesothorax Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 254, 1801, India. Cossyphus mesothoraz, Giinther, Cat., 1v, 103 (Ceram; Amboyna); Bleeker, Atlas, I, 159, pl. xxxvml, fig. 4 (misprinted meso- tyorax in text). 215. Labroides paradiseus Bleeker. Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3843; length 2 and 2.76 in.). Labroides paradiseus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 11, 249, Banda; Atlas, I, pl. xLIv, fig. 2. 216. Thalassoma lunaris (Linnus). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3995; length 4.75 in.). A small patch of scales on upper part of opercle: anal with 2 spines. Labrus lunaris Linneus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 283, 1758, India. Julis lunaris Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 90, pl. Xxxim, fig. 5. 217. Novaculichthys macrolepidotus (Bloch). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3918; length 4in.). This specimen seems to have more dusky on the sides than any others so far examined, there being a wide, more or less interrupted, black band from head to caudal. Labrus macrolepidotus Bloch, Ichth., vim, 109, pl. cCLXXXIV, 1797, East Indies. Novaculichthys macrolepidotus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 144, pl. XXX1, fig. 6. Novacula macrolepidota, Giinther, Cat., 1v, 174 (Mozambique). 218. Halicheres scapularis (Bennett). Seven specimens from Bacon (no. 3840, 3963 to 3965, and 4147 to 4149; length 2 to 6.25 in.). These form a perfect series in size and intergradation of color from the figure and descriptions given by Bleeker and Day to the young as described by Jordan and Seale. There can be no doubt that Guntheria ceruleovittata, Platyglossus scapularis, and H. cymatogrammus are one and the same species, the difference in color markings being due to age. Julis scapularis Bennett, Proe. Comm. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1831, 167, Mauritius. Guntheria ceruleovittata Bleeker, Atlas, 1, pl. Xxxu, fig. 2. Platyglossus scapularis, Day, Fishes India, 400, pl. LXXXxv, fig. 4. Halicheres cymatogrammus Jordan & Seale, Proce. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxvii, 1905 (July 3), 786, fig. 8, Negros, Philippine Islands. (Young.) 219. Halicheres purpurescens (Bloch & Schneider). One specimen from Bacon (no. 4014; length 5 in.). Labrus purpurescens Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 262, 1801. Platyglossus purpurascens, Giinther, Cat., tv, 158; Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 108, pl. xv, fig. 1. 220. Halicheres nigrescens (Bloch & Schneider). Two specimens from Bulan (no. 4075 and 4076; length 5.2 and 6.5 in.). Labrus nigrescens Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 263, 1801. Halicheres nigrescens Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 118, pl. Xxxvui, fig. 4. 221. Halicheres miniatus (Kuhl & Van Hasselt.) Seven specimens from Bacon (no. 4003 and 4213; length 1 to 3 in.). Julis miniatus Kuhl & Van Hasselt in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x11, 337 (460), Java; Giinther, Cat., Iv, 150. Halicheres miniatus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 114, pl. X11, fig. 5. 222. Halicheres guttatus (Bloch). Five specimens from Bacon (no. 3753 and 4000; length 2.5 to 2.75 in.). Labrus guttatus Bloch, Ichth., pl. ccLXXxvil, fig. 2, 1797, New Holland. Labrus argus Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 263, 1801. #Platyglossus guttatus, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 155 (Sumatra; Ceram; Chusan). Halicheres guttatus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 124, pl. xxxv, fig. 1. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 95 223. Halicheres leparensis (Bleeker). Masangui. Twelve specimens from Bacon (no. 3770 and 4001; length 1.25 to 2 in.) and one from San Fabian (no. 3835; length 1.25 in.). Julis leparensis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 111, 1852, 730, Banka. Halicheres leparensis Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 119, pl. xin, fig. 5. Platyglossus leparensis, Giinther, Cat., 1v, 156. 224. Halicheres pecilus (Lay & Bennett). Seven specimens from Bacon (no. 3980; length 1.5 to 3.5 in.). Julis pecila Lay & Bennett, Zool. Beech. Voy., Blossom, 66, pl. 19, fig. 1, Loo-Choo Islands, Halicheres pecila, Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 115, pl. XXX1X, fig. 4. Platyglossus pecilus, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 152. Halicheres annulatus Fowler, Journ. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 2d ser., x11, 535, pl. Xx, upper fig., June 10, 1904, Sumatra. Family PSEUDOCHROMID. 225. Labracinus trispilos (Bleeker). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 4216; length 1.2 and 1.25 in.). Cichlops trispilos Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1x, 1855, 110, Halmaheira, Batjan; Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. cccxc, fig, 2. 226. Labracinus melanotznia (Bleeker). One specimen from Bulan (no. 3933; length 5.5 in.). Cichlops melanotz#nia Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 111, 1852, 765, Macassar, Celebes; Giinther, Cat., 11, 259. Pseudochromis melanotznia, Bleeker Atlas, IX, pl. cecxe, fig. 5. Family SCARICHTHYID-. 227. Cherops anchorago (Bloch). Maulmul. Nine specimens from Bacon (no. 3552 to 3554, 3536, 3691, 3692, 4138, 4139, and 4066; length 5 to 8.5 in.), and one from Jolo (no. 3239; length 6 in.). Sparus anchorago Bloch, Ichth., viii, 85, pl. ccLXxvi, 1797. Cherops anchorago, Ginther, Cat., Iv, 95 (Amboyna). 228. Cherops auritum (Kuhl & Van Hasselt). Duldul. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3819; length 3 in.), and 2 (no. 4067 and 4070; length 9 in.), without definite locality. The degree of development of the canine teeth varies greatly in this as in related species. Scarus auritus Kuhl & Van Hasselt in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x1v, 161 (218), 1839, Java. Scarichthys auritus, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 213 (Amboyna; Hongkong; Aneityum); Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 15, pl. 1, fig. 3. 229. Scarichthys ccruleopunctatus (Riippell). Duddul. One specimen from Jolo (no. 4110), 2 from Bulan (no. 3241 and 3242; length 5.5 and 6.5 in.), and 3 from Bacon (no. 3737 and 3799; length 6 to 10.2 in.). This species may be distinguished from S. auritus by the strong development of canine teeth. Scarus (Calliodon) ceeruleo-punctatus Riippell, Neue Wirb., Fische, 24, pl. 7, fig. 3, Djedda; Giinther, Cat., rv, 213; Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 16, pl. 1, fig. 2. 230. Calotomus genistriatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Ogus; Palit. One specimen from Zamboanga (no. 3773; length 8.75 in.), and one from Jolo (no. 4055; length 9.75 in.). Callyodon genistriatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x1v, 218 (293), 1839, no locality given; Giinther, Cat., rv, 215; Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 13, pl. 1, fig. 1. 96 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 231. Callyodon quoyi (Cuvier & Valenciennes). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3234; length 7.5 in.). Scarus quoyi Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x1v, 203 (273), 1839, New Ireland (New Mecklenburg). Pseudoscarus quoyi, Bleeker, Atlas, I, 29, pl. v1, fig. 3 (Ternate); Giinther, Cat., Iv, 239... 232. Callyodon lacerta (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Three specimens from Bulan (no. 3938, 3939, and 3240; length 4.75 to 6.2 in.), and one from Bacon (no. 4126). Scarus lacerta Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x1v, 161 (217), 1839, Pondicherry. Pseudoscarus xruginosus Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 40, pl. Xvu, fig. 2, 1862; Giinther, Cat., Iv, 229. 233. Callyodon oktodon (Bleeker). Mulmul. One specimen from Zamboanga (no. 3715; length 10.75 in.). Pseudoscarus oktodon Bieeker, Versl. Kon. Akad. Wet., xi, 1861, 235, Buton; Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 33, pl. xml, fig. 2, 1862. Pseudoscarus octodon, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 234. 234. Callyodon balinensis (Bleeker). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3735; length 8.25 in.). Scarus balinensis Bleeker, Ichth. Fauna Bali, 8, Verh. Bat. Gen., x x11, 1849, Bali. Pseudoscarus balinensis Bleeker, Atlas, 1, 39, pl. xvi, fig. 3, 1862; Giinther, Cat., Iv, 228. Family CHATODONTIDE. 235. Cheetodon selene Bleeker. One specimen from Bulan (no. 4342; length 5.2 in.). This specimen shows a wide dusky longitudinal stripe along the median line of side from caudal, fading out near head. Chztodon selene Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., v, 76, 1853, Solor; Giinther, Cat., 1, 30 (Amboyna). Tetragonoptrus ( Chxtodontops) selene Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. CCCLXXVII, fig. 5. 236. Chetodon auriga Forskil. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3694; length 4.75 in.). Chztodon auriga Forskil, Deser. Anim., 60, 1775, Red Sea; Giinther, Cat., 11, 7 (Red Sea). Tetragonoptrus (Linophora) auriga, Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, pl. cCCLXXxm1, fig. 4. 237. Chetodon vagabundus Linn:eus. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3387; length 5.35 in.). Chztodon vagabundus Linnzeus, Syst. Nat., ed. xX, 276, 1758, Indies; Giinther, Cat., 1, 25 (Mauritius; Amboyna); Fowler, Fishes of Sumatra, 544, 1904. Tetragonoptrus (Linophora) vagabundus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, 48, pl. cccLxxvut, fig. 1 (Sumatra, etc.). 238. Chetodon falcula Bloch. Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3369 and 3370; length 5.1 and 5.25 in.). Chetodon falcula Bloch, Ichth., x11, 100, pl. ccccxxvi, fig. 2, 1797, Coromandel; Giinther, Cat., U, 17 (Batoe); Gunther, Fische der Siidsee, pl. 27, fig. c. Tetragonoptrus (Oxychzxtodon) falcula, Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, 52, pl. ccCLXxuI, fig. 1. 239. Cheztodon octofasciatus Bloch. Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3894 and 3917; length 2.75 and 3.1 in.). These specimens show a dusky spot below the lateral line between the fourth and fifth black bands. Chztodon octofasciatus Bloch, Ichth., v1, 85, pl. ccxv, fig. 1, 1797, East Indies; Giinther, Cat., 11, 17 (Singapore). Tetragonoptris ( Tetragonoptrus) octofasciatus, Bleeker, Atlas, IX, 38, pl. CCCLXXVI, fig. 3. : Z oe ww i] —e ~ ts 7 =e e Ter: * 7 rae = aa “ak -_ a4 ved Wig “i i = ™) ‘a Jt eae a 4 : Ss =a i) , j FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 97 240. Cheetodon unimaculatus Bloch. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3342; length 4 in.). This specimen has a dusky wedge-shaped area extending down from the black spot. Chetodon unimaculatus Bloch, Ichth., pl. cct, fig. 1, East Indies; Giinther, Cat., u, 11. Tetragonoptrus (Lepidochxtodon) unimaculatus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1X, 45, pl. cCCLXXY, fig. 5. 241. Taurichthys varius Cuvier & Valenciennes. One large specimen from Bacon (no. 3336; length 5.56 in.). Taurichthys varius Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vil, 111 (148), pl. 181, 1831, no locality given. Heniochus varius, Giinther Cat., u, 41 (Molucca Sea; Amboyna). 242. Heniochus acuminatus (Linneus). Pampanon. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3437; length 4.25 in.), and 3 young from San Fabian (no. 3771; length 2 in.). Chextodon acuminatus Linnzus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 272, 1758, Indies. Chextodon macrolepidotus Linnwus, Syst. Nat., ed. xX, 274, 1758; after Artedi. Heéniochus macrolepidotus, Giinther, Cat., u, 39 (Ceylon; Amboyna; Port Essington; Australia). Taurichthys macrolepidotus, Bleeker, Atlas, 1X, 29, pl. cccLXvu, fig. 1. (Misprinted microlepidatus on plate.) Heniochus acuminatus, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., xx1u, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 376, pl. LV (Honolulu). Family PLATACIDA. 248. Platax orbicularis (Forskil). iting. Two fine adults from Jolo (no. 4158 and 4159; length 6 and 6.5 in.). Anterior dorsal and anal rays greatly produced, those of dorsal exceeding total length of fish; ventrals very long, equaling length of fish to base of caudal. Chzxtodon orbicularis Forskal, Deser. Anim., 59, 1779, Red Sea. Chetodon vespertilio Bloch, Ichth., v1, 49, pl. cxcrx, fig. 2, 1797. Platax vespertilio, Day, Fishes India, 236, pl. LI, fig. 5; Bleeker, Atlas, 1x, 74, pl. CCCLXXIX, fig. 1, and pl. cccLXXxX, figs. 2 and 3. Platax orbicularis, Giinther, Cat., 11, 490 (Port Essington). Family EPHIPPID#. 244. Ephippus argus (Gmelin). Pingao (young); Saramolleta. Three specimens from Bacon (no. 4087 to 4089; length 5.5 to 6.75 in.), and 7 young from San Fabian (no. 3988; length 2 to 2.55 in.). Chztodon argus Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1248, 1788, Indies. Scatophagus argus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 58 many localities; Day, Fishes India, 114, pl. XXIX, fig. 3. Family ACANTHURID. 245. Hepatus celebicus (Bleeker). One specimen from Bulan (no. 4122; length 6.75 in.). White ring obsolete. Acanthurus celebicus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 111, 1852, 761, Celebes; Gunther, Cat., III, 339. 246. Ctenochetus striatus (Quoy & Gaimard). Saliao. Two specimens from Zamboanga (no. 4120 and 4121; length 8.2 and 9.5 in.). Acanthurus striatus Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. Uranie, Zool., 373, pl. 63, fig. 3, 1824, Guam; Giinther, Cat., 111, 334. Ctenochztus striatus, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U.S. Fish Comm., xx111, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 398 (Hilo; Honolulu; Kailua). B. B. F. 1906—7 98 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 247. Acanthurus unicornis (Forskil). One specimen (young) from San Fabian (no. 3960; length 2.5 in.). Chxtodon unicornis Forskal, Descr. Anim., 63, 1775, Djidda. Acanthurus unicornis, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., xx111, pt. 1, 1903 (1905), 402 (Honolulu; Hilo; Puako Bay, Hawaii). Family SIGANIDA. 248. Siganus javus (Linnzus). Two specimens from Bulan (no. 4092 and 4093; length 9 and 10 in.). Head 4.1 in length; depth 2.18; snout 2.1 in head; eye 3.35. Dorsal x1, 10; anal vu, 9. Teuthis javus Linneus, Syst. Nat., ed. x11, 507, 1766; Day, Fishes India, 165, pl. xxxIXx, fig. 5; Giinther, Cat., m1, 315 (Ceylon; Singapore; Amboyna; Hobson Bay). Amphacanthus javus, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x, 86 (118), (Pondicherry). 249. Siganus fuscescens (Houttuyn). Palit. Apparently a very abundant species in the Philippines. The present collection contains 747 specimens from Bacon (no. 3382, 3622, 3623, 3923, 3924, 3440, 3500, 3501, 3502, 3513, 3851, 4006, 4007, 4143, 4144; length 1.5 to 8.5 in.), 2 from Jolo (no. 3518 and 3639), and 1 from San Fabian (no. 3864). These have been carefully compared with specimens from Japan, Cavite, and Panay. They agree perfectly, even to the bars on the caudal. Centrogaster fuscescens Houttuyn, Verh. Holl. Maat. Weet. Haarlem, xx, 1782, 333. Amphacanthus fuseescens ,Richardson, Ichth. China, 243, 1846. Teuthis fuscescens, Gunther, Cat., 11, 321 (coast of Nagasaki). 250. Siganus virgatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3233; length 7.5 in.). Readily known by the bluish transverse lines on snout and interorbital and the oblique dark lines downward and forward from dorsal. Amphacanthus virgatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x, 97 (133), 1835, Java. Teuthis virgata, Giinther, Cat., 111, 323 (Philippines; China); Day, Fishes India, 166, pl. XL, fig. 3 (Andamans). 251. Siganus vermiculatus (Kuhl & Van Hasselt). Pugut; Alama. Seven specimens from Zamboanga (no. 3251 to 3257; length 3.5 to 6.75 in.), 4 from Bacon (no. 3303 to 3306; length 3 to 4 in.), 3 from Philippines (no local label, no. 3800 to 3802; length 3 in.), and one very large specimen from San Fabian (no. 4037; length 11 in.). Amphacanthus vermiculatus Kuhl & Van Hasselt in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., x, 92 (126), 1835, New Guinea, Teuthis vermiculata, Giinther, Cat., U1, 317 (Philippines; Amboyna); Day, Fishes India, 166, pl. XL, fig. 1 252. Siganus lineatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Samaral; Mororosa. Two from Bulan (no. 4056 and 4057; length 9.75 and 10.5 in.), and one from Bacon (no. 4039; length 10.2 in.). Amphacanthus lineatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X, 95 (130), pl. 286, 1835, Vanicoloand New Guinea. Teuthis lineata, Giinther, Cat., 11, 322. 253. Lo unimaculatus Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 3.3 in length to base of caudal; depth 2.5; eye 4 in head; snout 1.9; opercle with a number of low thin vertical ridges; preopercle with somewhat similar oblique lines; lower edge of preopercle finely dentate ; scales cycloid and very minute on body, the head nearly naked, having only a few scattered nonimbricated scales below eye and along side of snout; interorbital 3.75; pectoral 1.45; ventral scarcely shorter than pectoral; dorsal xu, 10; anal vir, 9; ventral 1, 3, 1. Body greatly compressed, elongate, the ventral and dorsal outlines nearly parallel from nuchal crest to base of twelfth dorsal spine; snout much produced, tubular, the maxillary 1.3 in eye; interorbital space but slightly convex; dorsal profile rising abruptly from behind the eye in a thin trenchant ridge; teeth in a single row, uniform in size, incisor-like, brown-tipped in the upper jaw, smallerand plain white in color in the lower, about Paks 2 E ahd ae : a aes : o\'se - a One s 9 7 > : mes A c ~* - P - - - - . : REE @ iis nm! of. wa ; Ton 7 ed -* i aan ; ; - = Ver ; e x : J : . = — +o _ ~ 4 ° af Pu . rs j ; “ aes ‘ ees | { é _ - - ta xs 7 * * . . », * ’ i FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 99 12 on each side in each jaw; origin of dorsal in vertical above base of pectoral, the first spine 1.6 in snout, the longest spine (the seventh) about equal to snout and half diameter of eye, the last spine equal to snout; origin of anal under base of seventh dorsal spine; first anal spine slightly longer than first spine of dorsal, the fourth spine slightly greater than snout; soft dorsal and soft anal pointed, the middle rays longest, about equal in the 2 fins and equaling the snout; caudal moderately forked, the lobes equal to snout and half eye; ventral not reaching origin of anal. Color in alcohol, mottled brownish; snout, head and breast back to origin of dorsal and ventral fins rich brownish black, extending on side in a broad curve to middle of pectoral; interorbital space and side of head below eye paler; first dorsal spine black, the others yellowish white; first ray of pectoral black, rays of fin Fig. 19.—Lo unimaculatus Evermann & Seale, new species. Type whitish with some indistinct black blotches; skin of ventral spines blackish, rays of the fin white; soft dorsal and entire anal yellowish white, the spines of the latter with dark edges; caudal dusky along edges, otherwise yellowish white; a large round brownish black spot one-half larger than eye on lateral line under base of last 3 dorsal spines and first dorsal ray. This species is related to Lo vulpinis (Schlegel & Miller), from which it differs in the more slender body and in the presence of the black lateral spot. Only one specimen obtained, the type, no. 55915, U. S. National Museum (original no. 3538), 7.5 inches long, collected by Mr. Charles J. Pierson, at Bacon, Sorsogon, P. I. Family BALISTIDA. 254. Balistes niger Mungo Park. One specimen from Bacon (no. 3603; length 5.5 in.). Balistes niger Mungo Park, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., 111, 1797, 37, Sumatra; Giinther, Cat., vil, 218; Bleeker, Atlas, v, pl. cexvl, fig. 1. 255. Balistes flavimarginatus Riippell. Pakol. One very large specimen (no. 4154; length 15 in.) from Bacon. Head 3 in length; depth 1.8; eye 5 in head; snout 1.2; interorbital 2.8; first dorsal spine 1.8; depth of caudal peduncle 3.5, its greatest width 5; 100 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. longest dorsal ray 1.75; longest anal ray 1.5; length of pectoral 2. Teeth very strong, the front ones conic; dermal plates strong and rough, 29 from gill-opening to base of caudal; preocular groove distinct. Balistes flavimarginatus Riippell, Atlas, Fische, 33, 1828, Red Sea; Giinther, Cat., vit, 223 (Red Sea; Amboyna). Balistes (Pseudobalistes) flavimarg:natus, Bleeker, Atlas, Vv, 113, pl. COXX1V, fig. 3. 256. Balistapus undulatus (Mungo Park). Nine specimens from Bacon (no. 3374, 3375, 3438, 3439, 3604, 4058 to 4060, and 4123; length 4.75 to6.5 in.). Balistes undulatus Mungo Park, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., U1, 1797, 37, Sumatra; Giinther, Cat., vill, 226 (Red Sea; Zanzibar; Moluccas; Sumatra; Amboyna; Ceram; Zebu, Philippines; China; Japan). Balistes (Balistapus) lineatus Bleeker, Atlas, V, 118, pl. CCxXX1X, fig. 2. 257. Balistapus aculeatus (Linneus). Puqut. Nine specimens from Bacon (no. 3307, 3308, 3388, 3389, 3433 to 3435, 4118 and 4119; length 3.5 to 6.5 in.), and 2 from Zamboanga (no. 3364 and 3373). Ralistes aculeatus Linnzeus, Syst. Nat., ed. X, 328, India; Giinther, Cat., vim1, 223 (Ile de France; Island of Johanna; Zanzi- bar; Moluccas; Amboyna; China Seas; Fiji; Micronesia; Seychelles; Mauritius). Balistapus aculeatus, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., XxuT, 1903 (1905), 414, pl. LXII. Family MONACANTHID. 258. Monacanthus chinensis (Bloch). Three specimens from Bulan (no. 3259, 3260, and 4140; length 5 to 6.5 in.). Balistes chinensis Bloch, Ichth., v, 24, pl. cim, fig. 1, 1797, Brazil and China. Monacanthus chinensis, Giinther, Cat., v1, 236 (North China; Pinang; Singapore; Shanghai); Bleeker, Atlas, v, 125, pl. CCXXH, fig. 2. 259. Monacanthus macrurus Bleeker. Bungaong. One fine specimen from Jolo (no. 3693; length 7.5 in.), and one from Bacon (no. 3676; length 5.55 in.). These specimens show traces of dark bands at base of anal. Monacanthus macrurus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., x11, 226, 1857, Nias; Gunther, Cat., vil, 247, 1870. Pseudomonacanthus macrurus Bleeker, Atlas, v, 134, pl. CCXXvIII, fig. 2. 260. Osbeckia scripta (Osbeck). Samarang. Three specimens from Jolo (no. 3313 to 3315: length 4.5 to 8.2 in.). Color in spirits, yellowish with brown spots and reticulations; caudal 2.5 in length. These specimers differ from typical examples of O. scripta in having the dorsal spine very short, its length being less than diameter of eye. They may represent an undescribed species, the describing of whieh we defer until additional material can be examined. Balistes scriptus Osbeck, Reise nack Ostindien und China, 1, 144, 1765, China Seas. Ralistes monoceros scriptus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat., 1463, 1788; after Osbeck. Monacanthus scrip‘us, Giinther, Cit., vit, 252. Oshechia scrivt1, Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., xx111, 1903 (1905), 422, fig. 184 (Honolulu). Family TETRAODONTID. 261. Lagocephalus hypselogeneion (Bleeker). Three specimens from Bulan (no. 4023 to 4025; length 3.5 to 3.75 in.). These examples have the fold of skin on lower posterior portion of side and tail well developed; caudal lunate and banded with numerous fine vertical lines; cheek with 5 subvertical bars of brown; upper half of body with numerous whitish spots. These seem to resemble Day’s figure in every respect. Tetraodon hypselogencion Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 111, 300, 1852, Amboyna, Wahai. Tetrodon hypselogenion, Giinther, Cat., vit, 277; Day, Fishes India, 702, pl. CLXX X11, fig. 5. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 101 262. Canthigaster bennetti (Bleeker). Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3749; length 1.25 to 1.75 in.). Tropidichthys bennetti Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., v1, 504, Amboyna, Tetrodon bennetti, Giinther, Cat., v111, 301. Canthogaster ocellatus Bleeker, Atlas, v, 80. Psilonotus ocellatus, Bleeker, Atlas, v, pl. cCXtv, fig. 5. 263. Canthigaster compressus (Procé). Two specimens from Philippines (no local label, no. 4018; length 2.2 and 2.75 in.). Tetrodon compressus Procé, Bull. Soc. Philom. 1822, 130, Manila, Tetrodon striolatus, Gunther, Cat., vi1I, 304. Canthogaster striolatus, Bleeker, Atlas, v, 82. Psilonotus striolatus, Bleeker, Atlas, v, pl. CCXx1, fig. 6. 264. Spheroides lunaris (Bloch & Schneider). Botete. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 4033; length 3.25 in.). Tetrodon lunaris Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 505, 1801, Malabar; Giinther, Cat., vim, 274 (Philippines and many other places). Spheroides lunaris, Jordan & Seale, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xxvii, 1905, 790 (Negros). 265. Tetraodon nigropunctatus Bloch & Schneider. Doele. One specimen from Bacon (no. 4062; length 8.5 in.). This example is uniform black, the spicules silvery white, short and developed only on belly, back, and sides; the caudal, cheeks, snout, chin, and a spot on the middle of back naked; fins black except pectorals which have a slight wash of yellowish. Tetraodon nigro-punctatus Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 507, 1801, Tranquebar. Tetrodon nigropunctatus, Giinther Cat., vim, 293. Crayracion nigropunctatus, Bleeker, Atlas, Vv, 74, pl. cev1, fig. 4. Family OSTRACIID®. 266. Ostracion tuberculatum Linnus. One specimen from Jolo (no. 3764; length 1 n.). Ostracion tuberculatus Linnzeus, Syst. Nat., ed. X, 331, 1758, India. Ostracion cubicus Linnveus, Syst. Nat., ed. X, 332, 1758, India; Giinther, Cat., vi, 260 (Red Sea; Zanzibar; Seychelles; Mauri- tius; Ceylon; Amboyna; Ceram; South Australia). 267. Ostracion gibbosum Linnus. One specimen from Jolo (no. 3853; length 2.4 in.). Ostracion gibbosus Linnzus, Syst. Nat., ed. X, 332, 1758, India: Giinther, Cat., vm, 258. Ostracion turritus Day, Fishes India, 695, pl. CLXxXX1, fig. 4. Ostracion ( Tetrosomus) turritus, Bleeker, Atlas v, 31, pl. ccm, fig. 3. Family SCORPAINIDA. HYPOMACRUS Evermann & Seale, new genus. Hypomacrus Evermann «& Seale, new genus of Scorpznidse ( Hypomacrus albaiensis). This genus is related to Sebastopsis Gill, from which it differs in having the tenth to thirteenth pectoral rays much produced. The upper 9 rays are subequal, their length half that of head; length of tenth ray 1.2 in head, the eleventh to thirteenth successively shorter, the last 3 usually shorter than the upper 9 and not detached. (d7a, under; “aKpos, long; referring to the produced lower pectoral rays.) 102 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 268. Hypomacrus albaiensis Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 2.25 in length without caudal; depth 3.25; eye 3.75 in head; snout 3.75; interorbital 2 in snout; dorsal x1, 9 (the cotype has the soft dorsal deformed, with only 5 rays); anal 11, 5; scales 5-26-13, about 16 tubules in lateral line. Body moderately compressed, the head rather elongate, the lower jaw projecting, depth of caudal peduncle 4.1 in head; maxillary 2 in head, the distal end under the posterior margin of pupil, its distal width 1.5 in eye; mandible 1.75 in head; villiform teeth on jaws and vomer, none on palatines; gillrakers very small, 8 on lower limb of first arch; spines of head as follows: opercular 2; preopercular 2, the upper the larger, with a small superimposed spine on its base; bony stay across cheek with 2 spines, 4 above eye, 5 on each side of nuchal region; a distinct fringed orbital tentacle equal in length to pupil; a short dermal flap at base of each nuchal spine; a branched flap at nostril, and a rather long preorbital flap hanging over maxillary. Body entirely scaled, head scaled; origin of dorsal above axil of pectorai, longest spine 3.2 in head; origin of anal under origin of soft dorsal, its longest ray 2 in head, the second anal spine the longest and strongest, 2.3 in head; origin of ventrals about midway between tip of upper jaw and origin of anal, their length 1.85 in head, their tips falling far short of anal; pectoral peculiar, the 9 upper rays short, about 2 in head, their tips scarcely extending past tips of ventrals; the lower part of fin elongate, composed of 7 simple rays, the longest 1.19 in head, their tips beyond line with origin of anal fin; caudal rounded, 1.65 in head. Fig. 20.—Hypomacrus albaiensis Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. Color in spirits, mottled brownish, a large yellowish area occupying entire upper two-thirds of opercle, extending to eye anteriorly, and posteriorly extending down and covering base of pectoral; a round black opercular spot posterior of and between the preopercular spines; about 5 indistinct rather narrow dark bands over back; spinous dorsal with irregular dusky markings, soft dorsal with dark base and tip, the mid porticn whitish; anal with irregular dark markings, the most distinctive being a black spot on posterior axil of fin: ventrals shaded with dusky dots posteriorly; pectoral with brown dots on the short rays, the elongate rays white with a few scattered brown dots; caudal dusky at tip, a slight dusky wash on base of rays. Type, no. 55902, U. S. National Museum, original no. 3866 (10,771), 2.5 inches long, from Bacon, Sorsogon, P. L., collected by Mr. Charles J. Pierson. Cotype, no. 20,006,Stanford University, a specimen 2.25 inches long, also from Bacon. 269. Sebastopsis scabra (Ramsay & Ogilby). One specimen from Bacon (no. 4004; length 2.75 in.). Sebastes scaber Ramsay & Ogilby, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W., X, 1885, 577, Shark Reef, Australia. Sebastopsis scabra, Jordan & Seale, Proce. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxv, 1905 (July 3), 791 (Negros). 270. Sebastopistes tristis (Klunzinger). Three specimens from Bacon (no. 3612 to 3614; length 4 to 4.5 in.). This species is close to S. nivifer Jordan & Seale, described from Negros, P. I., differing in the orbital spines, the dermal flaps, and the color. Scorpena tristis Klunzinger, Synop. Fische des Rothen Meers, Verh. Zool.-Bot. Gesellsch. Wien, xx, 1870, 802, Red Sea. Scorpena bakeri Seale, Fishes of Guam, in Oce. Papers Bishop Mus., vol. 1, no. 2, 1901, 120, Guam. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 103 271. Pterois volitans (Linnewus). Two fine specimens from Bacon (no. 3444 and 3445; length 6.5 and 6.75 in.). Gasterosteus volitans Linneeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, 296, 1758, Amboyna. Pterois volitans, Giinther, Cat., 1, 122 (Egypt; South Africa; Cape of Good Hope; Madras; China; Amboyna). Pseudomonopterus (Pterois) volitans, Bleeker, Atlas, 1X, pl. ceccexn, fig. 3. 272. Dendrochirus zebra (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Four specimens from Bacon (no. 3574 and 3577; length 3.5 to 4.75 in.). Pterois zebra Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1v, 269 (367), 1829, Ile de France; Giinther, Cat., m, 126 (Amboyna; China; Madagascar). Pseudomonopterus (Dendrochirus) zebra, Bleeker, Atlas, IX, pl., ccccxt, fig. 1. Family PLATYCEPHALID#. 273. Platycephalus bataviensis Bleeker. One specimen from Jolo (no. 3276; length 8 in.). Platycephalus bataviensis Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., Iv, 1853, 460, Batavia; Atlas, 1x, pl. ccccxx, fig. 4; Giinther, Cat. Ir, 188. 274. Platycephalus insidiator (Forskal). Lacoy. On specimen from San Fabian (no. 3900; length 6.2 in.). Cottus insidiator Forsk4l, Deser. Anim., 25, 1775, Red Sea. Platycephalus insidiator, Giunther, Cat., 1, 177 (Caleutta; Ganges; China; Malayan Peninsula; Moluccas; Amboyna; Cape York; Australia; Red Sea; Port Natal; Cape of Good Hope). 275. Platycephalus macracanthus Bleeker. Cacabit. One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3857; length 5.25 in.). Platycephalus macracanthus Bleeker, Versl. Meded. Ak. Wet., 2d reeks, 111, 1868-9, 253, Amboyna; Atlac, IX, pl. cCCCXIX, fig. 1. Family CALLIONYMID. 276. Calliurichthys reevesii (Richardson). Four specimens from Bulan (no. 4077 to 4080; length 5.75 to 6.5 in.). Callionymus reevesii Richardson, Voy. Sulphur, 60, pl. 36, figs. 1-3 (not 4), 1845, Canton. Family NOTOTHENIID®. 277. Parapercis hexophthalma (Ehrenberg). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3721; length 6.2 in.). Percis hexophthalma Ehrenberg in Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 111, 202 (271), 1829, Massuah; Giinther, Cat., 1, 239 (Louisiade Archipelago; Red Sea). Family OPHICEPHALID&. 278. Ophicephalus striatus Bloch. Five specimens from Philippines (without local label, no. 3791 to 3795; length 3.1 to 4 in.). Ophicephalus striatus Bloch, Ichth., x, 117, pl. cccLIx, 1797, East Indies. Ophiocephalus striatus, Giinther, Cat., 1, 474 (Loodianah; Ganges; Bengal; Pinang; Madras); Bleeker, Atlas, IX, pl. CCCXCIX, fig. 1. 104 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. Family GOBIIDE. 279. Butis leucurus Jordan & Seale. Three specimens from San Fabian (no. 3858 to 3860; length 3.5 to 4 in.), and one from Bacon (no. 3728; length 3.45 in.). Species originally described from Negros; other specimens collected at Cavite by Dr. Geo. A. Lung and forwarded to Stanford University. Butis leucurus Jordan & Seale, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., xxvinl, 1905 (July 3), 794, fig. 13, Negros Island. 280. Glossogobius biocellatus (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3747 and 3745; length 3.5 and 3.75 in.). Close to G. giuris, but lower jaw less prominent, body more robust and head broader. Gobius biocellatus Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X11, 55 (73), 1837, Pondicherry; Giinther, Cat., 11,20; Day, Fishes India, 289, pl. Lx11, fig. 8. 281. Glossogobius giuris (Buchanan-Hamilton). Cacabit. Nine specimens from Bacon (no. 3725 to 3727, 3729, 3741 to 3744, and 3749; length 4 to 9 in.), one from San Fabian (no. 3760), and one from Bulan (No. 4128). Gobius giuris Buchanan-Hamilton, Fishes of the Ganges, 51 and 366, pl. 33, fig. 15, 1822, Ganges River; Day, Fishes India, 294, pl. LXVI, fig. 1; Giinther, Cat., 1, 21. 282. Oxyurichthys cristatus (Day). One specimen from San Fabian (no. 3929; length 5.8 in.). Euctenogobius cristatus Day, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1873, 109, Bombay. Gobius cristatus Day, Fishes India, 291, pl. Lx, fig. 8. 283. Valenciennea strigata (Broussonet). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3999; length 2.1 in.). Head 3 in length; depth 4.75; scales 150; dorsal vi-t, 18; anal 1, 17; anterior dorsal rays elongate. Color white; a blue dark-edged band trom angle of mouth to opercle, another indistinct band on preopercle. Gobius strigatus Broussonet, Ichth., 1, 1782, Tahiti. Eleotris strigata, Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., xm, 189 (251); Giinther, Cat., mI, 131 (Java; Amboyna; Celebes; Booroo; Tahiti); Giinther, Fische der Siidsee, 190, pl. 11f, fig. E. Family BLENNIIDE. 284. Salarias fasciatus (Bloch). Ten specimens from Bacon (no. 3974; length 1.2 to 4 in.). Blennius fasciatus Bloch, Ichth., v, pl. cLxu, fig. 1, 1797. Salarias fasciatus, Giinther, Cat., 11, 244 (Borneo; Philippines; New Holland; Victoria Bank; Fiji Islands; Tonga Islands; Aneityum); Giinther, Fische der Siidsee, 201, pl. 115, fig. H. 285. Petroscirtes grammistes (Cuvier & Valenciennes). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3757; length 3.2 in.). Blennechis grammistes Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., X1, 210 (284), 1836, Java. Petroscirtes anema, Giinther, Cat., 111, 236 (Amboyna; China); Giinther, Fische der Siidsee, pl. 115, fig. F. Petroscirtes grammistes, Giinther, Fische der Siidsee, 197 (Yap; Kusaie; Amboyna). Family ECHENEID. 286. Echeneis naucrates Linneus. One specimen from Bulan (no. 3740; length 10.5 in.). Echeneis neucrates (misprint for naucrates) Linnzus, Syst. Nat., ed. X, 261, 1758, Pelago Indico; Gunther, Cat., 11, 384 (many localities); Jordan & Evermann, Fishes North and Mid. Amer., 2269, 1898. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 105 Family PLEURONECTIDAS. 287. Platophrys javanicus (Bleeker). Palad. One specimen from Bulan (no. 4049; length 8.25 in.). Anal 51; scales 74. Rhombus javanicus Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., 1v, 502, Batavia. Pseudorhombus javanicus, Bleeker, Atlas, V1, 8, pl. ccXXXxu, fig. 3; Giinther, Cat., Iv, 427 (Java); Day, Fishes India, 424, pl. xen, fig. 2. 288. Platophrys russellii (Gray). One specimen from Bulan (no. 4069; length 9 in.). Anal 59; scales 74. Platessa russellii Gray, Ill. Ind. Zool., fig. 2. Pseudorhombus russellii, Giinther, Cat., 1v, 424 (Umbilo River, Port Natal). 289. Platophrys neglectus (Bleeker). Uquerangueray. Three specimens from San Fabian (no. 3390, 3619 and 3620; length 3.5 to 6.75 in.). Anal 57; scales 81. Pseudorhombus neglectus Bleeker, Ned. Tijds. Dierk., m1, 45, and Atlas, v1, 8, pl. cCxxx1v, fig. 1. 290. Platophrys pantherinus (Riippell). Two specimens from Bacon (no. 3409 and 3494; length 5.2 and 6 in.). Rhombus pantherinus Riippell, Atlas, 121, pl. 31, fig. 1, 1828, Red Sea. Platophrys pantherinus, Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 11, pl. Coxxx111, fig. 3; Day, Fishes India, 425, pl. xcu, figs. 3 and 4; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., xx1u, 1903 (1905), 512. Rhomboidichthys pantherinus, Giinther, Cat., 1v, 436 (Mauritius; Madagascar; Amboyna; Fiji). 291. Platophrys palad Evermann & Seale, new species. Palad. Head 3.75 in length; depth 2.4; eye 6 in head; snout 4; maxillary 2.3, its distal end under middle of eye; dorsal 77; anal 60; scales 85; interorbital a very narrow trenchant ridge slightly higher than eye; jaws equal; canine teeth in anterior of jaws; gillrakers short and blunt, broader than long, 9 on lower limb, the curved hs ne. sia ate Pass wd) Ny Bis aa Hae eae “ Zz = % FG. 21.—Platophrys valad Evermann «& Seale, new species. Type. portion of lateral line 3.5 in straight, the depth of the curve 3.1 in its length; longest dorsal ray 2.75 in head; longest anal ray 2.1 in head; colored pectoral 2 in head; caudal rounded, 1.25 in head. Color on left side. Color in spirits, brownish; on each side of lateral line 2 large ocelli, each inclosing 2 large black spots; 2 very indistinct dusky blotches on the lateral line, one at posterior curve of lateral line, the other at the beginning 106 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. of posterior third of body; a row of indistinct ocelli at base of each vertical fin; numerous dusky dots and blotches on fins. One large specimen from Bulan (no. 4050; length 15.5 in.). Type, no. 55898, U. S. National Museum, collected by Charles J. Pierson. 292. Psettodes erumei (Bloch & Schneider). Uquerangueray. Two specimens from San Fabian (no. 3848 and 3849; length 4.75 and 6.5 in.). Head 3.6 in length; depth 2.5; eyes on right side. It may be that the sinistral specimens recorded by Giinther and Bleeker are a different species. Pleuronectes erumei Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth., 150, 1801, ‘‘ad Tranquebarium,"’ Psettodes erumei, Giinther, Cat., tv, 402 (China; Amboyna; Pinang; India); Day, Fishes India, 422, pl. xcl, fig. 4; Bleeker, Atlas, VI, 4, pl. CCXXXII, fig. 2. Family SOLEIDA. 293. Achirus hartzfeldii Bleeker. One specimen from “ Philippine Islands”’ (no local label; no. 4012; length 4.5in.). Anal 63; lateral line 98. Achirus hartzfeldii Bleeker, Nat. Tijds. Ned. Ind., Iv, 1853, 123, Amboyna; Atlas, VI, 25, pl. CCXLVI, fig. 1. A seraggodes hartzfeldii, Kaup, Archiv f. Naturgesch., jhg. XXIV, 1858, bd. I, 103. Solea hartzfeldii, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 471 (Amboyna). 294. Synaptura sorsogonensis Evermann & Seale, new species. Head 5.25 in length without caudal; depth 2.37; dorsal 74; anal 61; caudal 15; dorsal and anal continuous with caudal; pores of lateral line 141, of which 2% are in the short curved portion above the head; interorbital space scaled, scarcely greater than diameter of lower eye; upper eye covered by skin; the beaklike snout not extending around to a line with eye; upper nostril a distinct hollow papilla located in front of lower eye; SOMATA Uys Matty th 2 Lent titel ay Ctgey Fic. 22.—Synaptura sorsogonensis Evermann & Seale, new species. Type. nostril of blind side greatly dilated and fringed; anterior part of head with numerous dermal fringes; dermal flaps scattered in groups oyer different portion of body, 4 such groups on lateral line and 4 on each side of body, alternating with the groups on lateral line; smaller groups along base of dorsal and anal fin; lateral line straight until it reaches head, where it makes a sharp curve ending on a line with anterior margin of upper eye; gillrakers obsolete; colored pectoral 3.75 in head; uncolored pectoral 4; dorsal beginning on snout in front of eyes, its middle ray 1.85 in head; middle anal ray 2 in head; colored ventral 2.9; caudal 1.3. ia i | FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 107 Color in spirits, brownish, the groups of dermal flaps described above blackish; colored pectoral black, tipped with white; margin of dorsal and anal white with a submarginal dusky area, more easily distinguished on under side. This species is related to S. pan, but is distinguished by the greater number of rays and the dilated nostril. One fine specimen from Bacon, Sorsogon, no. 4133 (10,825); length 9 in., type, no. 55916, U.S. National Museum, collected by Charles J. Pierson. 295. Pardachirus pavoninus (Lacépéde). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3383; length 5.5 in.). Anal 56; lateral line 100. Achirus pavoninus Lacépéde, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 1v, 658 and 661; Bleeker, Atlas, v1, 24, pl. COXLt, fig. 1. Pardachirus pavoninus, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 479 (Pinang; Singapore; Moluccas). 296. Soleichthys heterorhinos (Bleeker). One specimen from Bacon (no. 3927; length 4.2 in.). Anal 78; lateral line 112. Solea heterorhinos Bleeker Visch fauna Amboina, 64, Act. Soc, Sc. Indo-Ned., 1, 64, 1856, Amboyna. Solea heterorhinus, Bleeker, Atlas, VI, 17. Solea heterorhina, Giinther, Cat., Iv, 466 (Celebes, Amboyna); Bleeker, Atlas, v1, pl. ccxc, fig. 2; Day, Fishes India, 426, pl. xcu, fig. 5. BIBLIOGRAPHY. The following is a list of the published literature concerning the fishes of the Philippine Islands which has been consulted in connection with the preparation of this report. Besides these works we have consulted all of the numerous papers by Dr. Jordan and his collaborators on Japanese fishes: 1758. Linnxus, C. Systema nature per regna tria nature, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, tomus 1, p. 1-824. 1759. ———. Chinensia Lagerstromiana preside D. D. Car. Linneo, Dec. 23, 1754. Amernitates Acade- mice, vol. rv, 1759, p. 230-260. 1765. Ospeck, Peter. Reise nach Ostindien und China, nebst O. Toreens Reise nach Suratte und C. G. Ekebergs Nachricht von der Landwirtschaft der Chineser, p. 1-xxrv+1-552, taf. 1-13. Aus dem schwedischen iibersetzt von J.G. Georgi. Verleger Johann Christian Koppe. Rostock. 1766. Linnxus, C.” Systema nature [ete.], ed. xi, t. 1, Pisces, p. 419-532. i774. Forster, Joun Rerynoup. Descriptiones animalium que in itinere ad maris australis terras per annos 1772-74 suscepto [ete.]. Curante H. Lichtenstein, 8°, p. -x11+1-425. Berolini, 1844. 1775. ForskAt, P. Descriptiones animalium, avium, amphibiorum, piscium, insectorum, vermium; que in itinere orientali observavit Petrus Forskil, p. 1-140. Post mortem auctoris edidit Carsten Niebuhr. Haunie. 1782. Broussonet, Prerre Marie Aucuste. Ichthyologia sistens piscium descriptiones et icones. Deeas 1, no pagination. London. 1785-1797. Brocu, Marc Erreser. Ichthyologie, ou histoire naturelle, générale et particuliére des poissons, avec des figures enluminées. dessinées d’aprés nature. 12 t. in 6, 1684 p., pl.1-ccecxxxu. Berlin. 1788. Houtrcuyn, M. Beschryving van eenige japanse visschen, en andere zee-schepzelen. Verhandelingen, uitgegeeven door de Hollandsche Maatschappye der Weetenschappen, te Haarlem, xx. deels, 2. stuk, 1782, p. 311-350. —. Linnzus, C. Systema nature [ete.], ed. xm, aucta, reformata, cura J. F. Gmelin. 8°, t. 1, pars m Pisces, p. 1126-1516. Lipsix, 1788-1793. 1792. Tuunserc, C. P. Atskillige férut okiinde fiskar af Abbor-Sligtet. Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Nya Handlingar, n.s., t. xm, 1792, p. 141-143. 1797. Park, Munco. Descriptions of eight new fishes from Sumatra. Read November 4, 1794. Transac- tions of the Linnean Society of London, vol. 11, 1797, p. 33-38. 1801. Brocn, Marc Etteser. Systema ichthyologie# iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit lo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo. Berolini. —. Lackérépe, BerNHARD GERMAN EtrenNeE, Comte de. Histoire naturelle des poissons. 5 t., 4°. Paris, 1798-1803. 108 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 1803. Saw, GeorGe. General zoology, or Systematic natural history. Vol. 1v, pt. 1, Piszes, p. 187-632, 70 pl. London. y —. Russet, Parrick. Descriptions and figures of two hundred fishes collected at Vizagapatam on the coast of Coromandel. 2 vol., fol. London. 1817. Cuvrer, GeorGes. Le régne animal distribué d’aprés son organisation, pour servir de base & l’histoire naturelle des animaux et d’introduction a l’anatomie comparée, avec figures, dessinées d’aprés nature. T. u, contenant les reptiles, les poissons, les mollusques et les annelides, p. 1-532. [Poissons, p- 104-351.] 1822. Bucnanan-Hamitton, Francis. An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches, p. 1-405, pl. 1-39 (atlas). 4°. Edinburgh. —. Prock, Marron pe. Sur plusieurs espéces nouvelles des poissons et des crustaces observées par M. Marion de Procé. Bulletin des Sciences par la Société Philomathique de Paris 1822, p. 129-134. 1824. Quoy, Jean RENE Constant, et Garmarp, Patt. Voyage autour du monde, entrepris par ordre du roy, exécuté sur les corvettes de S. M. l’Uranie et la Physicienne pendant les années 1817, 1818, 1819 et 1820, par M. Louis de Freycinet, commandant de |’expedition. Zoologie par MM. Quoy et Gaimard, médecins de |’expedition, p. 1-712. [Poissons, p. 183-401.] Paris. 1828. Rtéprevt, Epuarp. Atlas zu der Reise im nérdlichen Afrika, abth. 4, Fische des rothen Meers, 144 p., 35 pl. 1828-49. Cuvier, GrorGeEs, et VALENCIENNES, A. Histoire naturelle des poissons, 22 t., 4°, 8337 p., pl. -vu-+ 9-650. Paris. T. 1 published in 1828; 1m, 1529: rv, 1829; v, 1830; vi, 1830; vu, 1831; vim, 1831; 1x, 1835; x1, 1836; xm, 1837; xm, 1839; xiv, 1839; xrx, 1846. 1829. Cuvier, Georces. Le régne animal distribué d’aprés son organisation, pour servir de base a l’histoire naturelle des animaux, et d’introduction 4 |’anatomie comparée, avec figures dessinées d’aprés nature. Nouvelle édition, revue et augmentée, t. 1, p. 1-406. [Poissons, p. 122-406.] 1830-34. Gray, Joun Epwarp. Illustrations of Indian zoology; chiefly selected from the collection of Major-General Hardwicke. 2 vol. fol., London. 1831. Benner, E.T. An exhibition of the collection of fishes formed at the Mauritius by Mr. Telfair. Pro- ceedings of the Committee of the Zoological Society of London, vol. 1, 1831 (Aug. 23), p. 126-128. 1832. VaLencrennes, A. Descriptions de plusieurs espéces nouvelles de poissons du genre Apogon. Nou velles Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, t. 1, 1832, p. 51-60, pl. 4. 1838. Riprert, Epuarp. Neue Wirbelthiere, zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehérig, entdeckt und beschrieben von Dr. Eduard Rippell. Fische des rothen Meers, p. 1-148, pl. 1-33, 1835. 1839. Lay, G. T., and Bennerr, E. T. Zoology of Captain Beechey’s voyage; compiled from the collection and notes made by Captain Beechey, the officers and naturalist of the expedition, during a voyage to the Pacific and Bering’s Straits performed in His Majesty’s ship Blossom in the years 1825, 1826, 1827, and 1828. Fishes, p. 41-75, pl. xvi-xxm1. 1842-1850. Temainck, C. J., and Scuitecer, H. Fauna japonica, Pisces, p. 1-324, pl. r-extm. P. 1-20 published in 1842; 21-72 in 1843; 73-112 in 1844; 113-172 in 1845; 173-269 in 1846 ; 270-824 in 1850. 1845. Ricuarpson,SmJoun. The zoology of the voyage of the Sulphur, under the command of Sir Edward Belcher. during the years 1836-42, 2 vol. in one, 8°, London, 1844. Edited and superintended by R. B. Hinds. Ichthyology, p. 51-150, pl. 35-64, 1845. Report on the ichthyology of the seas of China and Japan. Report of the fifteenth meet- ing of the British Association for the Advaneement of Science, held at Cambridge June, 1846, p. 187-326. 1849. Bieeker, P. A contribution to the knowledge of the ichthyological fauna of Celebes. Journal of the Indian Archipelago and eastern Asia, vol. 11, 1849, p. 65-74. 1849-1854. ———. In Verhandelingen van het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetens-hap- pen (articles paged independently): Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Bali. 11 p. in deel xxu, 1849. Bijdrage tot de*kennis der sparoiden van den Soenda-Molukschen Archipel. 16 p., xm, 1850. Bijdrage tot de kennis der haringachtige visschen van den Soenda-Molukschen Archipel. 52 p., xxiv, 1852. Bijdrage tot de kennis der makreelachtige visschen yan den Soenda-Molukschen Archipel. 93 ee806 Netw nalezingen op de ichthyologie van Japan. 132 p., pl. 1-v1, deel xxv1, 1854. 1846. FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. 109 1849-1858. Bieexer, P. In Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indié: Faune ichthyologice Jaye insularumque adjacentium, Genera et species nove (1). Deel 1, 1850, p. 98-108. Ueber eenige nieuwe geschlachten en soorten van makreelachtige visschen van den indischen archipel. 1, 1850, 341-372. Visschen van Billiton. 1, 1850, 478-479. Nieuwe bijdrage tot de kennis der Percoidei, Scleroparei, Sciznoxdei, Sparoidei, Meenoidei, Cheetodontoidei en Scomberoidei van den Soenda-Molukschen Archipel. 1, 1851, 163-179. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van de Banda-Eilanden. 1, 1851, 225-261. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Riouw. 1, 1851, 469-497. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van de Moluksche Eilanden. Visschen yan Amboina en Ceram. 1, 1852, 229-309. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van het eiland Banka. m1, 1852, 443-460. Nieuwe bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van het eiland Banka. 11,1852, 715-738. Derde bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Celebes. 111, 1852, 739-782. Derde bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Amboina. tv, 1853, 91-130. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Ternate. rv, 1853, 131-140. Diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe weinig bekende vischsoorten van Sumatra. 1v, 1853, 243-302. Diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe weinig bekende vischsoorten van Batavia. 1v, 1853, 451-516. Nieuwe bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Ternate en Halmaheira (Gilolo). tv, 1853, 595-610. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna yan Solor. vy, 1853, 67-96, Derde bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Ceram. v, 1853, 233-248. Vierde bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Amboina. v, 1853, 317-352. Nieuwe tientallen diagnostische beschrijvingen van nieuwe weinig bekende vischsoorten van Sumatra. v, 1853, 495-534. Fauna ichthyologice japonice species nove. vi, 1854, 395-426. Vijfde bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Amboina. v1, 1854, 454-508. Vijfde bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Celebes. vit, 1854, 225-260. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Batjan. vi, 1854, 359-378. Zesde bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Amboina. vuit, 1855, 391-434. Tweede bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Halmaheira (Gilolo). 1x, 1855, 105-112. Achste bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Celebes. rx, 1855 ; Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van het eiland Groot Obij. , 431-438. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van het eiland Nias. x1, 1856, 211-228. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van de Sangi-Eilanden. x11, 1857, 369-380. Derde bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van Bali. xvit (vierde serie, dee] 111) 1858-59, 141-175. 1850. Canror, Toropore. Catalogue of Malayan fishes. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, vol. xvi, pt. o, July-December, 1849, p. -x1r-+-983-1443, pl. xrv. Calcutta. 1856-57. BLeeker, P. In Verhandelingen der Natuurkundige Vereeniging in Nederlandsch Indié, or Acta Societatis Scientiarum Indo-Neerlandice (articles paged independently): Beschrijvingen van nieuwe en weinig bekende vischsoorten yan Amboina, 76 p. in vol. 1, 1857. Beschrijvingen van nieuwe weinig bekende vischsoorten yan Manado en Makassar, 80 p., 1, 1856. Achste bijdrage tot de kennis der vischfauna van Amboina, 100 p., m1, 1857. 1858. Kaup,J. Uebersicht der Soleine der vierten Subfamilie der Pleuronectide. Archiv fiir Natur- geschichte, jhg. xxrv, bd. 1, 1858, p. 94-104. 1859-1870. Ginruer, AtBert. Catalogue of the fishes in the collections of the British Museum. Vol. 1, 1859; u, 1860; m1, 1861; rv, 1862; v, 1864; vi, 1866; vir, L868; vu, 1870. 1861. Bieexer, P. Iets itber de geschlachten der Scaroiden en hunne Indisch-Archipelagische soorten. Verslagen en Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, afd. Natuurkunde, deel x1, 1861, p. 228-244. Amsterdam. 1861-1877. -———.. Atlas ichthyologique des Indes Orientales Néerlandaises, t. 1-1x, 1246 p., pl. -cccexx. Fol., Amsterdam. T.1, published 1862; u, 1866; ur, 1863; Iv, 1864; v, 1865; v1, 1866-1872; vir, 1873-1876; vim, 1876-1877; 1x (unfinished), 1877. Description de quelques espéces inédites des genres Pseudorhombus et Platophrys de |’Inde Archipélagique. Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor de Dierkunde, deel 11, 1865, p. 43-50. Amsterdam. 1868. Perers, W. Ueber die von Hrn. Dr. F. Jagor in dem ostindischen Archipel gesammelten und dem K6niglichen Zoologischen Museum tibergegebenen Fische. Monatsberichte der K6niglichen Preus- sischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1868, p. 254-281. i865. 110 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 1869. Bleeker, P. Description et figure d’une espéce inédite de Platyeépale (Dec., 1867). Verslagen en i870. 1871. 1873. Mededeelingen der Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, afd. Natuurkunde, 2de reeks, deel m1, 1868-1869, p. 253-254. KLUNZINGER, CARL BENJAMIN. Synopsis der Fische des rothen Meers, 1. theil. Verhandlungen der K. K. Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft zu Wien, bd. xx, 1870, p. 669-834. Guntuer, ALBERT. Report on several collections of fishes recently obtained for the British Museum. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1871, p. 652-675, pl. Lm1-Lxx. Bieeker, P. 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Proceed- ings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, vol. x, 1885, p. 575-579. 5. Patacky, J. Die Verbreitung der Fische, p. 1-239. Prag. . Evera, Casrro pe. Catidlogo sistematico de toda la fauna de Filipinas. 1, Vertebrados, p. 1-701. [Pisces, p. 45-621.] Manila. . BouLENGER, GEORGE ALBERT. Catalogue of the perciform fishes in the British Museum, 2d ed., vol. 1, containing Centrarchid, Percidz, and Serranide (part), p. 1-291, pl. xv. London. 1896-1900. Jorpan, Davi Srarr, and EverMANN, Barton WarREN. Fishes of North and Middle America, 1901. 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906. published as Bulletin of the U.S. National Museum No. 47, pt. 1-1v, p. 1-3313, pl. -cecexcn. Pt. 1 issued 1896; 11 and m1, 1898; tv, 1900. Smiru, Hucu M. Notes on five food-fishes of Lake Buhi, Luzon, Philippine Islands. Bulletin of the U.S. Fish Commission, vol. xx1, 1901, p. 167-171, 3 fig. . Smita, HucH M. The smallest known vertebrate. Science, n. s., vol. xv, p. 30-31, Jan. 3, 1902. . JoRDAN, Davip Srarr, and EverMANN, BArToN WARREN. Notes on a collection of fishes from the Island of Formosa. Proceedings U. 8. National Museum, vol. xxv, 1902, p. 315-368, figs.1-29. . Bryan, Wa. ALAnson, and Herre, Atsert C. Annotated list of the Marcus Island fishes. Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History, Direc- tor’s Report for 1902 (1903), vol. 11, no. 1, p. 125-139. . Fowrer, Henry W. A collection of fishes from Sumatra. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, 2d ser., vol. x11, 1904 (June 10), p. 495-560, pl. vu—xxvu1. New, rare or little-known Scombroids. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Phil- adelphia 1904, p. 757-771. . Jorpan, Davi Srarr, and Seate, Arvin. List of fishes collected by Dr. Bashford Dean on the island of Negros, Philippines. Proceedings U.S. Natural Museum, vol. xxvut, 1905, p. 769-803, fig. 1-20. and EverMaNnN, Barton WarrREN. The shore fishes of the Hawaiian Islands, with a general account of the fish fauna. Bulletin of the U.S. Fish Commission, vol. xxm, pt. 1, 1903 (July 29, 1905), p. 1-574, col. pl. i-Lxxv, bl. and wh. pl. 1-65, text fig. 1-229. Smiru, Hue M., and Skate, Atvry. Notes on a collection of fishes from the Island of Mindanao, Philippine Archipelago, with descriptions of new genera and species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, vol. x1x, 1906 (June 4), p. 73-82. . JorpAN, Davin Srarr, and Spare, Atyry. The fishes of Samoa. Description of the species found in the archipelago, with a provisional check-list of the fishes of Oceania. Bulletin U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, vol. xxv, 1905 (Dec. 15, 1906), p. 173-455, pl. xxxim—Lum1, text fig. 1-104. . ——— ———. Fishes of the islands of Luzon and Panay. Bulletin of the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, vol. xxvi, 1906, p. . Evermann, Barton W., and Seace, Arvin. Fishes collected in the Philippine Islands by Maj. Edgar A. Mearns, Surgeon, U.S. Army. Proceedings U.S. National Museum, vol. xxx1, 1906, p. 505-512. DN DEX. DUC EIO OL AMG GF Ses oe ere cn ewes cee pene wcsucane ss~ bankieri.. euracao cyaneus........ glaucus........-. BSP LOMNASCIRtUss oo ec ecee crac eames os ere AP eR a ae See a a ae XANtHOFDS; ..2.2225-5-<55502 So anata enna OTA soe eaeun tas gat ky ate epee eee eae Acanthuridie Acanthurus unicornis . Achirus hartzfeldii .. aculeatus, Balistapus - acuminatus, Heniochus MRED Cr VINO UNOMES = oo occ Sean -s Jo oc oe hcce coe esn PRN Hy HY XK eranceisainasta ace dan oto ne cteiccn sas ae eee albaiensis, Hypomacrus alexander, Pomacentrus. -----. ...------ 2. 2eseceee-- Mathyeligs CKOMMEDLCS.-~ so seen cot were s--eeeesasso=-cne Ambassidee Ambassis lungi .... uroteenia..... amboinensis, Lutianus Amia chrysopoma endekatenia fasciata koilomatodon. ... margaritophora. . monochrous ... noye-guinez .. quadrifasciata sangiensis TEI GTS So. oe Sete Sne Se eee Sees MBMICHOTEPO, CUOETOPS: so-so e occa t 2a5socuenacescsctecce Anchovia indica....... Anguilla mauritiana... anguillaris, Plotosus. .. Anguillide ... 5 Anodontostorma chacunda. antjerius, Abudefduf Apogonichthyide Apogonichthys mentalis.....................---------- 2 elas ei Jal | 2) Lo eR eer aa ae macropteroides. argenteus, Monodactylus . Otolithus ..... 4 argus, Ephippus....... s argyrophanes, Saurida.............-.02sececennccsccccee Page 93 92 22 Iya esas Rene snsanaa ~I =I escase clipeoidesHSarcdin ell Ase errr emer eee eaten compressus, Canthigaster...........--..--------------- GOrd ye eee a Es pISs eee eet en eee eee cornutus, Holocentrus..........- Secsduecsesocscaskcas Corythroichthysielere=a. os. senna apa neee nies ras CYISCAMIS; | OX VUTICH GH YS oat a lca eet ae ae Gromileptes altiv liste. «esc cemncie oar einen Ctenochsetusistriatus)-.-- 2-5 a2 sans oon enema esinm == (CULTNITI SS OcBR Oe mere aera a ra eee (CEITELCEO, PAIL CEC ON acre we eae cent aie nett CYRIL GUS WAU CLC ile oa eee eee ee eee iets CYMLOG ODA CALAN oe elnino eee es ene ieee er Cypruinoides Mer alOpSec. oan aea see Cypsilurus simus ....... Decapterus kurra macrosomus decussatus, Lutianus . delicatulus, Stolephort Dendrochirus zebra ~ Diacope sebe....... dispar, Zenarchopterus djeddaba, Caranx .. dorab, Chirocentru Dorosomatide ........ dussumieri, Leiognathus Umbrina. dussumierii, Hyporhamphus...- INDEX. 96 Page. Echeneidie:. < 22222 nema aceon ewan tance seas eeneaeenes 104 Echeneis naucrates.... 104 edentula, Leiognathus .. 69 edwardsi, Leiognathus -- 68 | elerze, Corythroichthy 7 Elopidee ..- 53 Elops saurus-...--.-.----.-----. 53 Emmelichthys leucogrammicus. . 71 endekatenia, Amia ...........-. 73 Engraulide .......-- 54 | Epinephelus fasciatus. 75 76 75 75 Ephippide ....-.--. 97 Ephippus argu 7 Equulide....... 67 erumei, Psettodes ..... 106 erythropterus, Lutianus. 80 Exoceetide .-..~... 53 faleula, Chzetodon. 96 fasciata, Amia... 72 fasciatus, Cheilinus. -.--- 93 Epinephelus -- 75 Leiognathus .......----.---- 69 Salartasii. ..j.2 sees 104 Fistularia petimba ..............-...---- 56 Ug NF re eee SEO ECORI RS 555 57 IDE Ease em oncceesessensseasteassosens 56 flavimarginatus) ‘Balistes...--..-----.------.---. 99 forskaliif A therin a aeese n= eee eee eee 59 frenata, Amia fe 71 PER OLI CANAD Rae cee ae eee tale eee eee eel 63 Ab Ahi heobersa Lenin Se hee eS ee ee Rs ees 79 PUN VCaUds tus Wow a MUS]. een see ee eee eleenen iar 80 TUS CESCens Siew MUSE ee ate eee me laren stem oats 98 Gasterotokeus biaculeatus........-...-..-.----.--.---- 57 (Gaz Zemin tel eee ee eee meena eer 69 tapeinosoma 69 Genistriatuss CulOto mus esses a eee eae ee eee 95 (Gi Did Oe eee pana ORT Coed atc Seater snQos MeStoze 69 lb bOsW On OSHA CLO Me eee eet ole oa 101 PI PDUS) Taba MUS ses ae ee ee eee aera eee 80 Piganteus) Dvlosurus).--e=- =e ae eee 58 SLIDE HS ME CLO vee a ee 55 PLUS GlOSSORODIUS sana eee er mr ae eae rene 104 @laucus, Albudefdut 02-2 2 see eopeeeee 93 Glossogobius biocellatus.......-.....------------------ 104 PSR poe sears a soeo toe socec soesoskc eos 104 (Cf On ES Banas senses -patcaneSscrancssecscts -fSpaae 104 goldmanni, Plectorhynchus..-..-..-..---..--.-.------ 84 54 53 Grammistes'sexlineatus). 2.2 = oo aes cn onneennia me eel> nee 78 g@rammolstes; Petroscintes!sa.<=- se. - e-em en 104 PUTA US) Le CH OSES eo alert tanta le alee ere ere 94 Gymnocranius lethrinoides .....-....-.-...-.------..- $1 GymmosandaypelamtS eee. = neem alee el eat 61 Gymmothorax: afer: 22 eae e nee eae eee ee eee 56 richardsoni 56 els brsao(ubhits (3 ae ee aa eeone 83 Halichceres guttatus.........--. pres PE eee cert Je 94 Jepaxvensisj. ces secema= eee enna. 95 MUN APUSIS: cece ee ae sae ele ase le Seite 94 MHP TCSCONS =o oer eae ee ele tet = eee 94 POLIS 22 = se 2 sane ee ae ee ee 95 PUTPULTCSCENS ee eee eee one 94 INDEX. Itt Page. ’ Page. PALO HOOrGs NORD UIRIIS oni» smn sbencvtanscssbesenccvescs My Pe hethrinus MS HROMOLUCR- o- v>-> noc coeeenseetiwces sues 87 halli, Citula : 65 BUCS) Wests ee ee aa na waa aelemieie ae slants aa 86 hamrur, Priacanthus 78 MOEMATACHNCOUS tats sree ces-dcs<2s ----- -csecosec< eece scot es ace 100 IV INDEX. ie Page. Page. Monacanthus chinensis\.-::--.:::2::-:s2.-ssesessedee5 100 | Pempheris vanicolensis . 75 macrurus ....... 100 | Pentapus caninus ...-. 84 monochrous, Amias: ===. =<-2:2=2-22sss2s see deee ces aee 72 Setosusyes- cine S4 Monodactylus argenteus....-..-:,-<:-2¢22-d=-eencene-- 71 | perforata, Sardinella..... ay pe monogrammus, Scolopsis:: ---+-2¢-0-sasssdep-ees «=e r 5 | petimba, Fistularia................ biYads eee 56 monostigma, Dutianus:<.2o-. 5 o.0. sseanecnsee er eee eee 79 | Petroscirtes grammistes ........... bie 104 Mugil planiceps. . . 59 | Pharopteryx nigricans .. 78 sundanens 59 | phekadopleura, Stethojulis......... 93 Mugilide ....... oa 59 | philippinus, Pomacentrus... 91 MTG 83 eos eee acon ates ws oe eee eee eee eee 87 Zenarchopterus. 59 Mulloides japonicus). --=.-2----..--saohecseceee eee eee 88 pictus, Plectorhynchus.... St Samoensis: -=.<22:20202 s2cedsoeeeese seer ecee= 87 | piersoni, Nesogrammus............ api thesceeor ee 61 Vanicolensis).~2 25-4. pesdivesboseeoconeee seer 87], Pinjalowtypusi.s-cecesocsee eee bees Fiviar seo 5:605 : 81 Mureenidte -. 5. .b2okce~ ante. ceux eatieeance Seapet ee eee ees 56 | Plectropoma caleariferum.......... buaiiece JR See 78 murdjan; Myripristis|-2.2-2---0==s=--4-e see eee = 60). Dlamiceps; Mupiliss-22---e--eae eo een bhisc ies. ceesneee 59 Myctophide ........ &5 | Platacide.......... 2 eno 97 Myctophum gilberti . 50}, Platophrysjavanicus: -. 222 2..5- -sse kia et seeteeen eee 105 myops, Trachinocephalus 55 | neglectus .. - 105 Myripristissmacrolepis 22-5 2-224. 22. see eceesc -e eee 60 pala soa.2 ae eee eel Doe SoS - 105 microphthalmps: 62 --- ss sec Sen see eae 60 | pantherinus’ .<25-2-::-- issnuebcone ae AOD; HOVERDTEN Se aa qrisciocosaascbieoam aS esc Ssoc0 60 | TUSSC]H scene ese eaee tiVetee ce eee een 105 pralinius..... A Spe Sra oe ae ee ae 60}, Platycephalidne:.22---.....c--2-< sek Se. 103 naucrates, Echeneis. 5 104 Platycephalus bataviensis........--.. Aelieos eee 103 neglectus, Platophrys-...-- 105 | insidiator - 22... c2osa0 DO acta sea 103 nematacanthus, Lethrinus op e6 macracanthus. 103 Nemipterusjaponicus'-s-2<-.:--2--:2c2--2-eeeseeeceece 82 | Platax orbicularis .-..... 97 MEMUTURS pa eee eee sa eee ee see 81 | Plectorhynchus celebicus . . 84 OVenlliascoce nae nee eee eee ee 82 j chrysotenia ..--:---<2dibases-no-se=ne 84 teeniopleyus)-. 22 255-.scsbeeeeeeeeeseseeeae 82 | goldmanni ...........-s005 Giese ase 84 NORGEREER) aut ooo ts seco ee ee 81 DiCtUsnse accor tees, 84 nemurus, Nemiptervs ---=<-¢-22==-s-seeeeeeee eee eee 81 | Plotosidee 56 Nesogrammus ........--- 61 | Plotosus anguillaris ... 56 piersoni -. 61 | peecilus, Halichceres... 95 Netuma thalassinus -.. # 56 | Pomacentride.........-- 89 Niger, (Balistes << .cstsss asec on Doct cem acess comee ee cieclose 99 | Pomacentrus alexander 90 nigrescens, Halichoeresi<--<22-e2- choos see 94 jerdoni S 89 nigricans: (Pharoptery:x--- = ->---te.noeeenibeeeee 89 nigropunctatus, Letraodon: ---.22-.-5-cseeeosee se eee 101 philippinus. . 5 91 Nototheniide: -.-.2.2 2522. <4 2222220... 52 eee ees se 103 POPC) = sean eee eee ee ee 75 |) Rachycentron canadus...---)- 926 scen. swac= nea cane 61 *. INDEX. Page. | reevesit,Callurighthys: .. <<<... ccvcveccecsccsssseccens 108 | Sphyrsnide ............ richardsoni, Gymnothorax 56 | splendens, Leiognathus .. Lethrinus .. 86 | stercorarius, Leiognathus russelli, Umbrina...... 87 | Stethojulis phekadopleura . russellii, Platophrys ... 105 zatima........ Salarias fasciatus ...... 104 Stolephorus delicatulus. “e BAM OGNAIS MN OIdes se >< oo ones co cnwclnwieneeeersccencnr= 87 URCHIN) swan at tiat spn Penske os bape sei cate AGUPIONSS AIO Bae am coins naciass sone gatenecs eres n< spree 72) | Strletus; ClenGchsstus. .accacepesiarcssrcpes cesar socn< Sardinella clupeoides. -. 2.2... cco oes enn conse eee 54 OpIICE GHANA Ste ncteneers seeeentene inna csatesc BTLOLAtA cece es eee oe ec erecacace AAR SG 54 | strigata, Valencienned. <=. 22,22. cv ccnes wee scesnsevcciace Saurida argyrophanes................ S4 | strigatug, Acoliscug. 2... ce sccenvesccccnecensns BUM SDUR Se mtexccpece occ < tes 5k sul, rus, RADON EE eee costae emainn ele erie teers saurus, Elops ....-. 53} sundaicus, Upeneus. .. savayensis, Amia.... 72 | sundanensis, Mugil.....-. seabra, Sebastopsis .... 102 | Synaptura sorsogonensis. . RORPIUETIA NE ALICNCELOS . .eesecoses wos acess cu weeen ec scenes HET FE As ste Seo Se Sag eS EGNOS SORE EE SGOn PEGE IaSaCe 87) |, tenlopterus, Nemipterus'..<...2. 0... csectcencceccennsn Scolopsis bilineatum ...............----+00---eeeee eee 84 | teniurus, Pomacentyps ..........-....0c0eeccssesen0e [od EES ee Se ee She Ree CS 855) taneinosomaiaze eons. sse aces one ee cine ecea sees ~ eancellatum . 84! Taurichthys varius... luzonia ....-.... 85 | tauvina, Epinephelus -. margaritiferum. .. 84 | temminckii, Atherina.. DNOMOPTAINMUS . <2... sec cwewenncceeceeassec= 85 | Terapon jarbua...............-..-- Scomber brachysomus. ........---2.0