Smithsonian Institution
Libraries

Gift of

Harry Lubrecht

Flora Americas Septentrionalis ;

OR, A

SYSTEMATIC ARRANGEMENT

te

ANI£

DESCRIPTION

OF

THE PJL^JVTS

OF

NORTH AMERICA.

CONTAINING, BESIDES WHAT HAVE BEEN DESCRIBED BY
PRECEDING AUTHORS, MANY NEW AND RARE
SPECIES, COLLECTED DURING TWELVE
YEARS TRAVELS AND RESIDENCE
IN THAT COUNTRY,

BY

FREDERICK PURSH.

IN TWO VOLUMES.

•s

WITH TWENTY^FOUR ENGRAVINGS*

YOL. I.

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR WHITE, COCHRANE, AND CO.,
FLEET STREET.

1814

FEINTED BY RICHARD AND ARTHUR TAYLOR
3HOE-UANE, LONDON®

SCMiriKB

TO

AYLMER BOURKE LAMBERT, Esq.

F.R.S. F.A.S.

Y ICE-PRESID ENT OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY.

SIR ,

I am conscious of offering but a
small tribute of gratitude , when I beg to
be permitted to inscribe the following pages
with your name • Should they happily

meet with approbation , the Public will
have , in a great measure , thank you
for their existence ; <75, without the aid
and assistance you so liberally afforded me,
my own feeble exertions would have been
inadequate to the performance of so im ?
portant an undertaking .

Should the perusal of this work in
any degree add to the pleasure you feel in
a 2

IV

ftfeftlCAflO##

the cultivation of your favourite science,
and in encouraging the efforts of others
for its advancement ? the utmost of the
wishes are attained off

Sir y

Your obedient and much devoted
humble Servant ,

FREDERICK PURSE.

PREFACE

Among the numerous useful and interesting objects of
natural history discovered on the vast extent of the New
Continent, none claim our attention in a higher degree
than the vegetable productions of North America* Her
forests produce an endless variety of useful and stately
timber trees ; her woods and hedges the most ornamen-
tal flowering shrubs, so much admired in our pleasure
grounds ; and her fields and meadows a number of ex-
ceedingly handsome and singular flowers (many of them
possessing valuable medicinal virtues), different from
those of other countries. All these are more or less capa-
ble of being adapted to an European climate, and the
greater part of easy cultivation and quick growth;
which circumstances have given them, with much pro-
priety, the first rank in ornamental gardening.

A country so highly abundant in all the objects of my
favourite pursuits, excited in me, at an early period of
life, a strong desire to visit it, and to observe in their
natural soil and climate the plants which I then knew ;
and to make such discoveries as circumstances might
throw in my way. This plan I carried into execution
in the year 1/99 ; when I left Dresden, the place where
J had received mv education, and embarked for Baltj-

PREFACE»

Vl

more in Maryland, with a determination not to return
to Europe until I should have examined that country to
the utmost extent of my means and abilities. In 1811,
after an absence of nearly twelve years, I returned to
Europe, with ah ample stock of materials towards a
Flora of North America, an attempt at which I
now venture to lay before the public, with the flattering
hope, that a generous allowance will be made for its un-
avoidable imperfections, when the extent of the under-
taking is considered ; and that it will be accepted as it
really is intended, as only the groundwork of some future
more perfect work upon the subject.

As it may be interesting to some readers to have a
sketch of the particulars of my stay in America, and
to be informed of the means by which I became pos-
sessed of so general a collection of its plants, I shall
give a few outlines thereof, previous to the necessary
remarks respecting the execution of the work itself.

My first object, after my arrival in America, was
to form an acquaintance with all those interested in the
study of Botany. Among these I had the pleasure to
account one of the earliest, and ever after the most va-
luable, the Rev. Dr. Muhlenberg of Lancaster, in Pen-
sylvania, a gentleman whose industry and zeal for the
science can only be surpassed by the accuracy and acute-
ness of his observations ; I only regret, that his exten-
sive and interesting materials towards a Flora of the
United States, in which he has been engaged for a num-
ber of years, should not before this have been commu-
nicated to the public.

I next visited the old established gardens of Mr. Mar-
shall, author of a small “ Treatise on the Forest-trees

PREFACE ?il

bf North America.5' This gentleman, though then far
advanced in age and deprived of his eye-sight, con-
ducted me personally through his collection of interest-
ing trees and shrubs, pointing out many which were
then new to me, which strongly proved his attachment
and application to the science in former years, when his
vigour of mind and eye-sight were in full power. This
establishment, since the death of Mr. Marshall, (which
happened a few years ago,) has been, in some respects,
kept up by the family, but is now very much on the de-
cline, only a few old established trees being left as a me-
mento of what formerly deserved the name of a re-
spectable botanic garden.

Near Philadelphia I found the botanic garden of
Messrs. John and William Bartram. This is likewise
an old establishment, founded under the patronage of
the late Dr. Fothergill, by the father of the now living
Bartrams. This place, delightfully situated on the banks
of the Delaware, is kept up by the present proprietors,
and probably will increase under the care of the son of
John Bartram, a young gentleman of classical educa-
tion, and highly attached to the study of botany. In
Mr. William Bartram, the well known author of u Tra-
vels through North and South Carolina,’5 I found a very
intelligent, agreeable, and communicative gentleman)
and from him I received considerable information
about the plants of that country, particularly respect-
ing the habitats of a number of rare and interesting
trees. It is with the liveliest emotions of pleasure I
call to mind the happy hours I spent in this worthy
man’s company, during the period I lived in his neigh*
bourhoocL

VH1

PREFACE,

Not far from the latter place are also the extensive
gardens of William Hamilton, Esq., called the Wood-
lands, which I found not only rich in plants from all
parts of the world, but particularly so in rare and new
American species. Philadelphia being a central situa-
tion, and extremely well calculated for the cultivation of
plants from all the other parts of North America, I
found this collection particularly valuable for furnishing
me with a general knowledge of the plants of that coun-
try, preparatory to more extensive travels into the inte-
rior, for the discovery of new and unknown subjects.
Mr. John Lyon, (of whom I shall have an opportunity
to speak hereafter,) who had the management of these
gardens, was then about to give them up : having the
offer of being appointed his successor, I embraced it,
and accordingly in 1802 I entered upon the situation.
During my stay in this place, which was until 1805, I
received and collected plants from all parts of North
America ; and when Michaux’s “ Flora Boreali-Ameri-
eana” appeared, which was during that time, I was not
only in possession of most of his plants, but had then a
considerable number not described by him.

Within this period I had also formed a connection
with Dr. Benjamin S. Barton, Professor of Botany in
the University of Pensylvania, &c. whose industrious re-
searches in all the different branches of natural history
are so well known to the literary world. He likewise,
for some time previous, had been collecting materials for
an American Flora. As I was now very anxious to ex-
plore the more remote parts of the country, particularly
the interesting ranges of the Allegany Mountains, I was
enabled, by the kind assistance of this gentleman, t#

PREFACE.

IX

take a more extensive range for my botanical excursions,
which during my stay at the Woodlands had been con-
fined within a comparatively small compass, the neces-
sary attention to the duties of that establishment not per-
mitting me to devote more time to them.

Accordingly, in the beginning of 1805, I set out for
the mountains and western territories of the Southern
States, beginning at Maryland and extending to the Ca-
rolinas, (in which tract the interesting high mountains of
Virginia and Carolina took my particular attention,)
and returning late in the autumn through the lower
countries along the sea-coast to Philadelphia. The fol-
lowing season, 1806, I went in like manner over the
Northern States, beginning with the mountains of Pen-
sylvania and extending to those of New Hampshire, (in
which tract I traversed the extensive and highly interest-
ing country of the Lesser and Great Lakes,) and returning
as before by the sea-coast.

Both these tours I principally made on foot, the most
appropriate way for attentive observation, particularly
in mountainous countries ; travelling over an extent of
more than three thousand miles each season, with no
other companions than my dog and gun, frequently tak-
ing up my lodging in the midst of wild mountains and
impenetrable forests, far remote from the habitations of
men. The collections and observations made in the
course of these journeys, all of which I communicated to
Dr. Barton, were considerable, in respect to the dis-
covery of many new and interesting subjects of natural
history in general. But the knowledge which I thereby
acquired of the geography, soil, and situation of the
plants of that country, (points of the greatest interest

& i*ttEfrACfe.

to the practical botanist) was of the greatest im-
portance to me.

Soon after my return from the last-mentioned jour-
ney, I had the pleasure to form an acquaintance with
Meriwether Lewis, Esq., then Governor of Upper Loui-
siana, who had lately returned from an expedition across
the Continent of America to the Pacific Ocean, by the
way of the Missouri and the great Columbia rivers, ex-
ecuted under the direction of the Government of the
United States. A small but highly interesting collec-
tion of dried plants was put into my hands by thia
gentleman, in order to describe and figure those I
thought new, for the purpose of inserting them in the
account of his Travels, which he was then engaged
in preparing for the press. This valuable work, by the
unfortunate and untimely end of its author, has been in-
terrupted in its publication ; and although General Da-
niel Clark, the companion of Mr. Lewis, (to whom I
transmitted all the drawings prepared for the work,) un-
dertook the editorship after his death, it has not, to my
knowledge, yet appeared before the public, notwith-
standing the great forwardness the journals and mate-
rials were in when I had the opportunity of perusing
them.

The collection of plants just spoken of was made
during the rapid return of the expedition from the Pa-
cific Ocean towards the United States. A much more
extensive one, made on their slow ascent towards the
Rocky mountains and the chains of the Northern An-
des, had unfortunately been lost, by being deposited
among other things at the foot of those mountains. The
loss of this first collection is the more to be regretted.

PREFACE,

xi

when I consider that the small collection communicated
to me, consisting of about one hundred and fifty speci-
mens,, contained not above a dozen plants well known to
me to be natives of North America, the rest being either
entirely new or but little known, and among them at
least six distinct and new genera. This may give an
idea of the discerning eye of their collector, who had
but little practical knowledge of the Flora of North
America, as also of the richness of those extensive re-
gions in new and interesting plants, and other natural
productions.

The descriptions of those plants, as far as the speci-
mens were perfect, I have inserted in the present work
in their respective places, distinguishing them by the
words v . s. in Herb. Lewis.” Several of them I have
had an opportunity of examining in their living state,
some being cultivated from seeds procured by Mr. Lewisr
and others since my arrival in England from seeds and
plants introduced by Mr. Nuttall.

Here I cannot refrain from drawing the attention of
future botanists travelling those regions, to two highly
interesting plants, of which I have only seen imperfect
specimens. The first is what Mr. Lewis in his journals
calls u the Osage Apple,5* or 66 Arrow wood of the Mis-
souris.55 This is a tree, or rather shrub, with leaves re-
sembling those of a pear-tree, but broader in propor-
tion ; they are alternate, and have a recurved thorn near
their base ; the flowers are of separate sexes, and appear
in axillary, peduncled, globular catkins, which produce
a depressed globular fruit, in size and colour resembling
an orange, in interior structure approaching near to the
genus Morinda, This shrub, on account of its fruit

XI 1

PREFACE.

and handsome foliage, must be highly ornamental : the
wood, being excessively hard, is preferred by the natives
to any other for making their arrows ; and as it does not
spontaneously grow in their neighbourhood, they travel
annually to a considerable distance South-west, to pro-
cure it. About the village of the Osage Indians a few
trees have been planted, from which one has been in-
troduced into one of the gardens at St. Louis on the
Mississippi. Perfect seeds from the last-mentioned tree
were given by Mr. Lewis to Mr. McMahon, nursery and
seedsman, at Philadelphia, who raised several fine plants
from them, and in whose possession they wTere when I
left America. The other plant alluded to is called by
Mr. Lewis C( A bulbous Rush, which serves the Indians
for bread,” Of this I have only seen the root, which is
of a yellowish -brown colour, about the thickness of a fin-
ger, and jointed ; on each joint, which are about three
inches asunder, several tubers of about an inch and a
half long are produced, of an oblong ovate shape, ta-
pering into a point towards the end ; these tubers are
filled with an exquisite white and fine farina, resembling
starch ; these roots are used in the same manner as those
of Psoralea esculenta , vid. vol. ii. p.475. I take this
to be a larger species of tuberous Cyperus.

While I was thus engaged in describing and figuring
those new acquisitions to the American Flora, another
opportunity offered to augment my resources. Mr.
Aloysius Enslen, who had been sent to America by
Prince Lichtenstein of Austria, as a collector of new'
and interesting subjects of natural history, returned to
Philadelphia from his extensive travels through the
Western. Territories and Southern States, This gentle-

PREFACE

Xiif

iiian^ with whom I had previously been on terms of in-
timate friendship, was now in possession of an extreme-
ly valuable collection of living and dried plants, to which
I had unrestrained access. To his liberality I am in-
debted for many new and scarce specimens, which filled
Up a desideratum in mV collection, particularly in the
plants of Lower Louisiana and Georgia. Those species
exclusively received from his collection I have distin-
guished by c<r v. s. in Herb. Lnslen ”

At the same time I had frequent opportunities of
Seeing the herbarium and collection of living plants of
Mr. John Lyon, a gentleman through whose industry
and skill more new and rare American plants have lately
been introduced into Europe than through any other
channel whatever. Those plants particularly adopted
from his collection I have marked with (C v. s . in Herb .
Lyon”

By these and several other connections, which it k
unnecessary to mention here, added to my own occa-
sional excursions through the different parts of the
United States, I was put in possession of an extensive
herbarium, containing plants from all the different parts
of North America $ which when summed up would
nearly double the number of those described in Mi-
chaux’s excellent Flora. As that work was then ex-
tremely scarce in America, I determined to publish a Com-
pendium of it, executed on the plan of Hoffmann's
Flora Germanica, which work I had no doubt would be
acceptable to the botanist, and particularly so to the
cultivator. I communicated my design to Messrs. Brad-
ford and Inskeep, booksellers at Philadelphia, who gave
me every encouragement towards the prosecution thereof.

XIV

PREFACE,

While I was engaged in arranging my materials for
this publication, I was called upon to take the manage-
ment of the Botanic Garden at New York, which had
been originally established by the arduous zeal and ex-
ertions of Dr. David Hosack, Professor of Botany, &c.
as his private property, but has lately been bought by
the Government of the State of New York for the public
service. As this employment opened a further prospect
to me of increasing my knowledge of the plants of that
country, I willingly dropped the idea of my intended pub-
lication for that time, and in 1807 took charge of that
establishment.

Here I again endeavoured to pay the utmost attention
to the collection of American plants, as the establish-
ment was principally intended for that purpose. In this
I was supported by my numerous botanical connections
and friends, among whonf I must particularly mention
John Le Conte, Esq. of Georgia., whose unremitting ex-
ertions added considerably to the collection, particularly
of plants from the Southern States.

The additions to my former stock of materials for a
Flora were now considerable, and in conjunction with
Dr. D. Hosack I had engaged to publish a periodical
work, with coloured plates, all taken from living plants,
and if possible from native specimens, on a plan similar
to that of Curtis’s Botanical Magazine ; for which a
great number of drawings were actually prepared. But
at this period I was attacked by a serious and obstinate
intermitting fever, which made a change of air and cli ’
mate absolutely necessary to me ; I therefore, in 1810,
took a voyage to the West Indies, visiting the islands of
Barbadoes, Martinique, Dominique, Guadaloupe, and

PREFACE»

m-

Sfc. Bartholomew's, from which I returned in the au-
tumn of 1811 in a perfect state of recovered health.
The vessel in which I returned landed at the town of
Wiscasset in the province of Main. This being a coun-
try I had never visited before, I examined its vegetation
with all possible attention ; and although the season was
too far advanced for making any new discoveries,, I
gained considerable information respecting the geogra-
phy of plants, a point I always considered highly in-
teresting to the science. During my journey towards
New York; I had an opportunity of visiting Professor
Peck of Cambridge College near Boston, and seeing his
highly interesting collection of plants, collected on a
tour to the alpine regions of the White Hills of New
Hampshire. As the season was too far advanced when
I was in that country to suffer me to think of ascending
those mountains, this collection was highly gratifying
to me.

On my return to New York, I found things in a situ-
ation very unfavourable to the publication of scientific
works, the public mind being then in agitation about a
war with Great Britain. I therefore determined to take
all my materials to England, where I conceived I
should not only have the advantage of consulting the
most celebrated collections and libraries, but also meet
with that encouragement and support so necessary to
works of science, and so generally bestowed upon them
there.

These expectations I found amply realized on my ar-
rival in London. I had very soon the pleasure of form-
ing a circle of acquaintance among those attached to the
science of Botany, by whom I was gradually introduced

KYI

PREFACE,

to the most eminent botanical characters of our - age
Sir Joseph Banks* with his accustomed liberality* sup-
ported my undertaking by giving me access to his
extensive library and herbarium, A. B. Lambert* Esq.
favoured me not only with the same assistance* but very
handsomely offered me the entire use of his library and
collection during the compilation of the work. To this
gentleman I am in the highest degree indebted for hiss
strenuous support under all the difficulties I had to en-
counter during its progress ; which by his, generous
exertions he endeavoured to remove whenever they
occurred.

Among the many new sources of information now
opened to me* I must particularly mention the following
original collections* by the assistance of which I have been
enabled to correct many errors of former publications*
particularly respecting the synonyms.

I. Clayton’s Herbarium,- — The whole of this interest-
ing collection* from which the Flora Virginica” of
Gronovius was compiled* is preserved in the Banksian
Museum. This has been particularly useful to me in
tracing the plants which Linnaeus had adopted from that
work.

II. Professor P. S. Pallas’s Herbarium.— This exten-
sive collection* now in the possession of A. B. Lambert*
Esq. was highly useful to me* in comparing the plants
of North America with those of the North of Asia* to
some of which they have a great affinity* and others are
common to both continents.

III. Plukenet’s Herbarium. — Preserved in the British
Museum* as also part of

IV. Catesby’s Herbarium,

PREFACE»

xvii

V. Walter’s Herbarium. This interesting collection,
from whicli Walter’s “ Flora Caroliniana” was
compiled, is in possession of the Messrs. Frasers of
Sloane Square^ whose father was the intimate friend of
Mr. Walter. They very kindly permitted me to make
use of it whenever I had occasion to refer to it.

I am also highly indebted to William Roscoe, Esq.,
who very obligingly communicated to me Mr. Bradbury’s
Plants collected in Upper Louisiana. This valuable
collection contains many rare and new species, having
been collected in a tract of country never explored be-
fore : those which were entirely new I have described
in the Supplement to the present work.

Besides these general collections, there were a num-
ber of interesting new plants in the Banksian Herbarium
collected by different persons in North America. Among
them I found a number of thpse collected by Archibald
Menzies, Esq., during the famous expedition under
Vancouver, on the north-west coast of America. As
several of them had been described by me from the
Lewisian collection, I requested permission of Mr. Men-
zies to adopt such as were immediately connected with
my plan, which he very obligingly complied with.

The number of American plants in the different nur-
series and private collections in the vicinity of London,
contributed considerably to my resources, and I am
highly indebted to those who gave me their assistance,
particularly to Messrs. Lee and Kennedy, whose exten-
sive collections exceed any other in Europe.

The accounts I had frequently heard of the celebrated
jSherardiau Herbarium at Oxford, made me particularly
yoL. j. b

PREFACE.

xviii

anxious to examine it. Dr. G. Williams, professor of bo-
tany in that University, received me with that kindness
so congenial to the true friend of science, and supported
my researches to the utmost of his power. Besides the
entire Herbarium of Morison, and other valuable collec-
tions, I found a general collection of North American
plants, among which I was particularly gratified to find
all those sent by Mr. M. Catesby to Dr. Sherard. This
collection, though made a century ago, is in very fine
preservation, and contains specimens of most of the
new species of Walter, Michaux, &c. and even some
entirely new ones, with the remarks and synonyms of
Dr. Sherard, and frequently accompanied with the ori-
ginal letters of M. Catesby. In the same collection are
also a number of rare specimens collected by a Mr.
Tilden at Hudson’s Bay, and those of John Bartram
and other correspondents of Dr. Sherard. In fine, 1
consider this the most complete collection of North
American plants now extant. The notes and remarks
made here are given in the Appendix and Addenda, as
it was not until the body of the work was printed that I
had the opportunity of seeing this valuable collection.

Having thus given a. general view of the means and
resources I had in composing the present work, I shall
only add a few remarks respecting its execution.

On a slight inspection of the work, it will be readily
perceived that my chief object has been, throughout, to
comprise as much matter as possible in the smallest
space which attention to perspicuity would allow.

In respect to nomenclature I have followed Wilkie -
now’s “ Species Plantarum” and Miehaui’s “Floea,

PREFACE,

xk

Bcreali-x^mericana” as near as possible, avoiding
Carefully to change old established names, however
faulty, unless in cases where good authority furnished a
more appropriate one. As for example, I have adopted
Fraxinus acuminata of Lamarck, instead of FraxinuS
umericana9 Linn., and Cynoglossum amplexicaule of
Michaux for Cynoglossum virginicumy Linn. But I
have never approved of such changes as Juglans alba
and cinerea of Linnaeus to Juglans squamata and ca«
ihartica , as the younger Michaux in his ee Arbres Fores»
tiers” has done. This otherwise very useful publication
is full of such new names, imposed on well known and
long established species, and sometimes even without
the least hint respecting their names in other authors.

The specific characters in most instances have been mo-
delled anew or altered as it was found necessary. Where-
ever any alteration had been made it was necessary to
quote the author from which the species had been taken
in a separate line, as page 16 Monar da didyma % after
the specific description I had to repeat that it was the
same with M. didyma , Willd.sp.pl. 1. p. 125, To
avoid this superfluous repetition, and save as much room
as possible, I found it expedient to adopt, from page 72
to the end, the following mark (— -), to be placed after
the specific character whenever it had been amended ;
so that Stipa avenacea , page 7 2, is the same species de-
scribed by Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 442, but the character is
new or augmented. Wherever the author follows the
.description without this mark, as page 73, S accitarum
giganteum, Pers. eneh. 1. p. 103, in that case the cha^
jacter has been adopted without alteration,
b 2

XX

PREFACE.

In some of the more intricate genera, as Moftatda j
Vaccinium , Andromeda , Salix , &c. the specific charac-
ters have been extended to a rather unusual length,
which maybe objected to by some, but I am persuaded
will be approved of by most. The beauty of a short
and perspicuous character is without doubt preferable
to a long one, which the more it is extended the more
ambiguous it will become ; but the nature of certain
genera will absolutely not admit this conciseness, and
the works of some of the most celebrated authors
have lately proved that it is inconvenient to be limited
by a certain number of words in forming the specific
character. Among many others I only need to mention
Willdenow’s last volume of the Species Plantarum, par-
ticularly the genus Aspidium , and Mr. Robert Brown’s
excellent “Treatise on the Proteaceae,” in the tenth vo-
lume of the Transactions of the Linnean Society. In
both these works examples will be found, where the
length of the specific character equals if not exceeds in
number of words the longest in the present work.

It would have been needless to encumber the work
with a superfluous number of synonyms, which can be
found in the authors referred to ; but those of a late date,
or any way illustrative toward the true determination of
the species, have been carefully collected, as the means I
was possessed of were particularly favourable to the as-*
©ertainment of those points, which may be of the high-
est utility to future publications on the same subject.

In respect to the figures referred to, care has been
taken to quote the most correct whenever there was a
choice» The plates which accompany the work have

PREFACE.

XX!

been carefully selected, either from highly interesting
new plants, or those which will not admit of cultivation,
as some of the Rhexias , Lupinus , Gerar dia, &c. As
the plates were executed during the progress of the
work through the press, references to them could not
be inserted in the proper places ; but as the plates
themselves refer to the pages of the work, it will be
easy to supply this deficiency.

Particular attention has been paid in describing the
soil, situation, and range of country each species is
found in, which will be found very useful to the practi-
cal botanist, and especially so to the cultivator of those
plants.

After the usual sign of duration, and the time of
flowering, each species has been faithfully marked
whether I have seen it myself in a living state (v. v.)}
or only in a dried specimen ( v . s.) ; in the latter case the
name of the herbarium I had it from is generally men-
tioned. Those I have adopted without seeing them
myself in either state, and which are but fewg I have
marked ( + ) .

To each species a short note has been added, respect-
ing the colour and size of the flower, the habit of the
plant, or some other interesting subject illustrative of the
species.

Very full descriptions have been given of only some
of the most interesting new species, as the limits of the
work would not admit of it in general. The careful
references to authors and good figures will amply supply
this deficiency.

In the alteration made in the systematic arrangement.

%%n

Preface*

1 have been guided by the hints given by the learned
Dr. J. E. Smithy in his excellent u Introduction to Bo-
tany.’5 The classes Dodeeandria and Polyadelphia are
entirely omitted* and their genera inserted in their pro-
per places in the other classes» Asarum next to Axis -
tolochia, in Gynandria. Bejaria, Portulacca , Talinum%
Calli gonum, and Hypericum , in Polyandria. Hudson
nia next to Hellanthemum * with which it is closely
related in the same class* Decumaria, Ly thrum, Cu -•
phea * and Agrimonia * in Icosandria. Halesia near
Styrax * in Monadelphia. Euphorbia in Diclinia* where
it forms* with its other genera* a natural as well as ar-
tificial orders The nineteenth class* Diclinia* contains
the natural families of Tricoccse or Euphorbia* Amen-
tacess* and Coniferae. The other genera of the classes
Monoecia* Dioecia, and Polygamia* having been re-
ferred to their proper classes. The genus Diotis more
properly belongs to Tetrandria*but had been omitted in,
that class. Najas and Valisneria are genera of an
order of this class* to which probably might be added
all the Aroideae. How far these alterations may meet
the approbation of those best qualified to judge* I have
yet to learn* but I am strongly persuaded they will
facilitate the study of this lovely science to the young
beginner.

In the last class* Cryptogamia* I have gone no further
than the family of the Filices * according to the forma-
tion of the plan of this work* which only included
plants which either are* or can be cultivated. The other
orders* Musci * Algce * and Fungi * will form a distinct
Work from the present* and may appear at some future

PREFACE.

xxhi

period in a more perfect shape than the limits of this
work would admit ; it being absolutely necessary to
illustrate those minute objects with correct figures, with»
out which mere words are useless in describing therm
At the end of the work I have given a Table of Ano-
malous Flowers $ great pains have been taken to make
it as correct as possible. This will be found of infinite
service, particularly to the young botanist. For this
purpose I shall give an example of the use of it. Should
the young beginner, unacquainted with the genus Ga-
lium 3 happen to find Galium trifidum , vol. i. p, 103,
he would in vain look for its genus in Triandria ; but by
referring to this table among the anomalous genera, he
will very easily find its proper genus. Again, by ex-
amining a flower of Asclepias , he might very probably
consider the ten pollen masses for as many anthers,
and look for its genus in Decandria, which by the as-
sistance of this table he will trace to be Pentandria.

For the accommodation of the English reader, I have
given a double Latin and English Index, Great atten-
tion has been paid to the correctness of the General
Index, in which the first number in parentheses refers
to the number of the genus, the other to the page,
The syponyms are distinguished by being in Italics,
Notwithstanding the unremitting attention paid to
the correctness of this work, the author is well aware
that it will not be found free from those errors which are
unavoidable in (nay almost inseparable from) publica-
tions of this nature, where so great a number of autho-
rities are to be referred to. But he still consoles him-
self with the idea of having given to the world a worJ$

PREFACEs

Mif'

which^ with all its imperfections^ will be found useful,
and contribute to the general advancement and progress
of the science* This has been the only aim^ and will
be the highest reward of the labours of

The Author,.

London*

December 1813a

REFERENCES TO THE PLATES.

Tab. Page ,

✓1. 17. Monarda Kalmiana.

/2. 6 2. Milium amphicarpon.

/3. 17*5. Claytonialanceolata.

/4. 219. Berberis Aquifolium.

1. A single pinna of a full grown leaf, from
the under side.

2. An expanded flower, with its component
parts viewed from behind, natural size.

3. A petal with its stamen, magnified.

4 . 5. A stamen and pistillum, more magnified*

/5, 21 Q. Berberis nervosa.

1 . The calyx, natural size.

2. A petal with its stamen, magnified»

J5. 224. Conostylis americana.

^7. 150. Solanum heterandrum.

/8. 228. Lilium pudicum.

1. The pistil.

2. A stamen, both natural size.
jq. 243. Helonias tenax.

-2 5p. Bhexia ciliosa, and Rhexia lutea. Both species,
' by a mistake of the engraver, have been re-
presented with five petals, which ought to b©
only four.

2. A variety of Rhexia lutea.

/31, 260. Clarkia pulchella.

yX2; 283. Gaultheria Shallon 3 with a stamen magnified.

^13. 283. Gaultheria serpyllifolia 5 a flowering branch,

magnified.

21. Ceratiola ericoides ; a female branch, natural
! size.

178. The fruit of Hamiltonia oleifera, natural size.

2. A longitudinal cut of the same.

3. The kernel.

14. 302. Mylocarium ligustrinura. The dissections are 2

an opened corolla with the stamens 5 a back
view of the calyx and the germ with its
stigma 1 all magnified.

REFERENCES TO THE ELATES*

Tab. Page.

SI 5. 333. Tigarea tridentata.

3 , A flower divested of its petals.

2. A fruit.

3. The same longitudinally cut to show the
7 seed.

248. Rubus spectabilis.

^17. 39b. Caltha flabellifolia.

48. 423. Gerardia fruticosa.

^19. 423. Gerardia quercifoliav

,20. 427. Mimulus Lewisii.

S2\Sl}46&. Lupinus villosus.

22. 475. Psoralea esculenta®

1. The calyx.

2. The vexillum.

3. The carina with the alae»

4. A fruit.

/23. 479. Lupinaster macrocephalus,

34. 499. Prenantbes Serpentayia»

INDEX AUCTORUM

Allot, insect.— The Natural History of the rarer Lepidop-
terous Insects of Georgia, collected from the Obser-
vations of J. Abbot, by J. E. Smith. 2 vols. London,
1797. 4to.

Act. holm . — Kongl. Vetenskaps Academiens Handlingar.

Stockholm, 1739 et seq. 8vo.

Act. petrop.— Acta Academiae Scientiarum Imperialis Petro-
politanae pro Annis 1777— -1782. Petropoli, 1778—“
1786. 4to.

Act. soc. arner. — Transactions of the American Philosophi-
cal Society, held at Philadelphia, for promoting useful
Knowledge. Philad. 1771 et seq. 4to.

Act. soc. hist, licit, par. — Actes de la Societe d’Histoire Na~
turelle de Paris. Tom. 1, 1 partie. Paris, 1792. fol.
Act. soc . nat. scrut. haf. — Skrivter of Naturhistorie Selska-
bel. Kiobenhaven, 1790etseq. 8vo.

Act. soc. linn. Lond. — Transactions of theLinnean Society of
London. London, 1791 et seq. 4to.

Act. vps.—~ Acta Societatis Regiae Scientiarum Upsaliensis.

Stockholmiae, 1744 et seq. 4to.

Ait. hew.— Hortus Kewensis; or, A Catalogue of the Plants,
cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew, by W.
Aiton. Yol. 1 — 3. London, 1789. 8vo.

Ait. hew. ed. 2» — The second edition enlarged, by W.

Townsend Aiton. Vol. 1 — 5. London, 1810.

Allion. fi. ped. — Car. Allioni Flora Pedemontana. Tomi 3.

Augustae Taurinorum, 1785. fol.

Alp. exot. — Prosp. Alpini de Plantis exoticis Libri 2. Venq-
tiis, 1629. 4to.

Amoen. acad. — Caroli Linnaei Amoenitates academicae. Vol.
10. Holmiae, 1749— 1769. Erlangae, 1785. 179O.
8vo.

Awn. ruth.— Stirpium rariorum in Imperio Rutheno spont#

xxviii

INDEX AUCTOjRtrM.

provenientium leones et Descriptiones collectae a I©.
Ammano. Petropoli, 1739. 4to.

Annates du ?nus. d'hist. nat. Ann. mus . hist. nat. — Annales
du Museum d’Histoire Naturelle, par les Professeurs'
de cet Etablissement. Paris, 1802 et seq. 4to.

Annals of lot. -—Annals of Botany, by C. Konig and J.
Sims. 2 vols London, 1805, 1806. 8vo.

Ard. spec. Arduin. spec. — Petr. Arduini Animadversionum
botanicarum Specimen 1. Patavii 1 759« Specimen 2.
Yenetiis, 1704. 4to.

Aull. guj. AulL.Jl . guj. — Histoire des Plantes dela Gujane
Francoise, par M. Fusee Aublet. Tom. 4. Paris,
1775. 4to.

Barrel, ic. Barr. rar. — Plantae per Galliam, Hispaniam et
Italiam observatae. Iconibus aeneis exhibitae a Jac.
Barreliero. Parisiis, 1714. fol.

Bartr. it. Bartr. trav. — Travels through North and South
Carolina, Georgia, East and West Florida, &c., by W.
Bartram. London, 1794. 8vo.

Blackw. — Herbarium Blackwellianum emendatum et auc-
tum, cum Praefatione D. Chr. Trew. Cant. 1 — 6. No**
rimb. 1750— 1772. fol.

Bocc. sic . — Icones et Descriptiones rariorum Plantarum Si-
ciliae, Melitae, Galliae, et Italiae 5 Auctore Paulo Boc-
cone. Qxonii, 1674, 4to.

Bolton jilic. — Jam. Bolton, Filices Britanniae, an History of
the British proper Ferns, partes 1—2, Leeds and Hud-
dersfield, 1785— 1790. 4to.

Bot. mag. — Curtis’s Botanical Magazine, continued by J.
Sims. London, 1 801 et seq. 8vo.

Bot. rep. — The Botanist’s Repository for new and rare Plants,
by H. Andrews. London, 1797 et seq. 4to.

Breyn. cent.— Jac. Breynii Exoticarum aliarumque minus
cognitarum Plantarum Centuria prima. Gedani, 1(578.
fol.

Brown, jam.— The Civil and Natural History of Jamaica,
by Patr. Browne. London, 1750. fol.

Bullet, de la soc. philomat. — Bulletin des Sciences, par la
Societe Philomafcique. Paris, 1797 et seq. 4to.

Cam. epit. — De Plantis Epitome Petr. Andr. Matthioli, auc-
ta a Joach. Camerario. Francof. ad Mcen. 1586. 4to.

Catesl. car. — The Natural History of Carolina, Florida, and
the Bahama Islands, by Mark Catesby. 2 vols, Lon-
don, 1731. 1743. fol.

Cap. diss . — Ant. Jos. Cavanilles, IVIonadelphiae Classis Dis-

INDEX AUCTORUM. XXI*

certationes decern. Parisiis et Matriti, 1785 — 1790*

4to.

Cav. ic. — Ejusdem Icones et Descriptiones Plantarum quae
aut sponte in Hispania crescunt, aut in Hortis hospi-
tantur. Vol. 1—6, Matriti, 1701 — 1801. fol.

Clayt.Jl . virg. — vid. Gron.fl. virg.

Coi. ecphr , — Tab. Columnae minus cognitarum rariorumque
nostro Coelo orientium Stirpium Ecphrasis. Romae*

1013. Pars 2da. ibid. l6l6. 4to.

Com. goet.— Commentarii Societatis Regiae Scientiarum
Goettingensis. Gottingae, 1751 et seq. 4to.

Comm. hort. — Horti Medici Amstelodamensis rariorum
Plantarum Descriptio et Icones, Auctore lo. Com me-
lino. Amsteiodami, 1O97. Pars altera, Auctore Casp.

Commelino, 1701. fol.

Comm. prosi, — Casp. Commelini Praeludia Botanica. Lugd.

Batav. 1703. 4to.

Corn. canad.—~J ac. Cornuti Canadensium Plantarum alia-
rumque nondum editarum Historia. Parisiis* 1035. 4to.

Crantz jl. austr. — Henr. Joan. Nepom. Crantz, Stirpium
Austriacarum. Pars 1*2. Viem 1769. 4to.

Curt. lond. Curt. Jl. lond.— William Curtis’s Flora Londi-
nensis. 2 vols. London, 1777- 1798. fol.

Delaroche eryng.— Eryngiorum Historia* Auctore F. Dela-
roche. Parisiis* 1808. fol.

Desf. atL— Flora Atlantica* Auctore Renato Desfontaines.

Tomi 2. Parisiis. 4to.

Diar. hist, nat.— Journal d’Histoire Naturelle. Tom. 1* 2.

Paris* 1 792. 8vo.

Dill. elth. — Joh. Jac. Dillenii Hortus Elthamensis. Vol. 2.

Londini* 1732. fol.

Dill. muse. — Ejusdem Historia Muscorum. Oxon. 1741.

4to.

Dod. mem. Dodart. mem, — Memoires pour servir a l’Hi-
stoire des Plantes, par M. Dodart/ Paris, 1676. fol.

Bonn, catal. Donn. hort. eant. — -Hortus Cantabrigiensis, by
James Donn. Cambridge* 1812. 8vo.

Duhamel. arb. — Du Hamel du Monceau, Traite des Arbres
et Arbustes qui se cultivent en France en pleine Terre.

Tomes 2. Paris, 1755. 4to.

ed. nov . — Ejusdem Operis Editio nova. ib. foL

Du Eoi harbk. — Joh. Phil. Du Roi, Die Harbkescbe wilde
Baumzucht. 1. 2. Theil. Braunschw. 1771, 1772. 8vo.

— — — . — — ed. 2,— Ejusdem Operis Editio nova, ib*

1795. 8vo.

INDEX AUCTORUM.

kk't

Ehret. piet,— Vhnise et Papiliones rariores, depictae et feri
incisae a Ge. Dion. Ehret. Londini, 174 8, 1 75Q. fol.

Ehrh. leitr . — Frid. Ehrhart Beitrage zur Naturkunde. 1—7
Band. Hann. JQ2. Bvo.

Engl. lot.— -English Botany, by J. E. Smith, the Figures by
J. Sowerby. London, 179O et seq. Svo.

Exot. lot. — Exotic Botany, by J. E. Smith, the Figures by
J. Sowerby. London, 1804 et seq. 4to.

Feuil. peruv. — Journal des Observations faites sur les Cotes
Orientales de i’Amerique Meridionale, par le R. P„
Louis Feuillee. Tomes 3. Paris, 1 ^ 14. 1725. 4to.

FI. dan.— Icones Plantarum sponte nascentium in Regnis
Danise et Norwegiae, editae a G. C Oeder, O. F. Mul-
ler, et Mart. Vahh Hafniae, 1761 etseq. fol.

FI. greec .■ — Flora Graeca, sive Plantarum rariorum Historia,
quas in Provinciis aut Insulis Graeciae legit, investigavit,
et depingi curavit Joh. Sibthorp $ Characteres omnium.
Descriptiones et Synonyma elaboravit J. E» Smith. Lon-
dini, 1806 et seq. fol.

FI. Lapp. — Car. Linnaei Flora Lapponica. Amstelod. 1738.
Svo.

FI. per . FI. peruv.- — Flora Peruviana et Cbilensis : sive De-
scriptiones et Icones Plantarum Peruvianarum et Chi-
lensium, Auctoribus Hipp. Ruiz et Jos. Pavon. Ma-
triti, 1798 — 1802. fol.

Gcert. de fr. et sem. — Jos. Gaertner, de Fructibus et Semini-
bus Plantarum. Vol. 1 et 2. Stutgard, 17S8 — 1791 .
4to.

Overt. carp. — G. F. Gaertner, Carpologia : seu Continuatio
Operis de Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum. Vol. 3.
Tubingae, 1805. 4to.

Gen. pl,— Car. a Linne, Genera Plantarum, Ed. 8vo. curant®
J. C. D. Schreber. Vol. 2. Francof. I/89. 1791.
8vo.

Gmel. sil. Gmel. ft. sil. — J. G. Gmelin> Flora Sibirica.
Tom. 1 — 4. Petrop. 1747 — 1769. 4to.

Gmel. syst. nat. Gmel. syst. veg. — Car. a Linne, Systema
Naturae, Editio Gmelini. Lips. 1788—1793. Bvo.

Gron.virg. Gron.ft. virg.—J. F. Gronovius, Flora Virgi-
nia, exhibens Plamas quas J. Clayton in Virginia
collegit. Lugd. Batav. ’762. 4to.

Hall. helv. Hall ft. helv. — Alb. v. Haller, Historia Stirpium
indigenarum Helvetiae inchoata. Tomi 3. Bernae,
1768. fol.

INDEX AUCTORUM.

xxxi

fflerm. lugdl. — Pauli Hermanni Catalogus Horti Academici
Lugduno-Batavi. Lugd. Batav. 1687. 8vo.

Herm.parad. — Ejusdem Paradisus Batavus, ib. 1698. 4to.

Hoffrn. phytogr. — G. F. Hoffmann Phytographiscbe Blatter.

1 Band. Goiting. 8vo.

Hoffm. sal. — Ejusdem Historia Salicum. Tom. J, 2. Lip-
siae, 1787- fol.

Houttuyn. linn. syst. — Mart. Houttuyn des Ritters von
Linne, Volstandiges Pflanzensystem. 1 — 14 Theiis*
Nurnb. 1771—1788. 8vo.

Hort. angi. — A Catalogue of Trees, Shrubs, Plants, and
Flowers which are propagated for Sale in the Gardens
near London. London, 1730. fol.

Hort. cliffort. — Car. Linnasi Hortus Cliffortianus. Amste-
lodami, 1737- fob

Hort. schoenlr. — Plantarum rariorum Horti Caesarei Schcen-
brunnensis Descriptiones et leones, opera N.J. Jacquin.
Vol. 1— 3. Viennae, 1797— 1798. fol.

Host gram. — N. V. Host, leones et Descriptiones Grami-
num Austriacorum. Vol. 1—3. Vindobonae, 1801—

1 803. fol.

Huds. angl.—G. Hudson, Flora Anglica. Tom. 1, 2. Lond.
1778. 8vo.

Humb. et Bonpl. equinoct, — Alex, de Plumboldt et Amati
Eonpland Plantae iEquinoctiales. Parisiis, 1805. fob

Jacq. auslr. Jacq.Jl. austr. — R. J. Jacquin, Flora Austri-
aca. Vol. 5. Viennae, 1/73 — 17/8. fol.

Jacq. collect. Jacq. coll. — Ejusdem Collectanea, ad Beta-
nicam. Chemiam et Historiam Naturalem spectantia.
Vol. 4 et Supplementum. Vindobonae, 1786 — 1796.
4to.

Jacq. hort. Jacq. hort. vind.— Ejusdem Hortus Botanicus
Vindobonensis. Tomi 3. Viennae, 1770 — 17/6. fob

Jacq. hort. schoenbr. Jacq. schcenbr.-—\\d. Hort. schcenbr.

Jacq. ic. Jacq. ic. rar. — Ejusdem leones Plantarum rario-
rum. Vol. 3. Vindobonae, 1781 — 1793. fol.

Jacq. obs. hot. — Ejusdem Observationum Botanicarum
Partes 4. Vindobonae, 1764 — 1771. fob

Jacq. oxal.— Ejusdem Oxalis, Monographia Iconibus illus-
trata. Viennae, 1794. 4to.

Journ. hist. nat. — Vid. Diar. hist. nat.

Juss.gen.pl — A. L. Jussieu, Genera Plantarum secundum
Ordines Naturales disposita. Editio Usteri. Turici, 1791«
8vo.

Knorr dclic. Knorr thes.~-G . Wolffg. Knorr, Thesaurus

xxxit INDEX AUCTORUM.

Rei Herbariae Universalis. Vol. 2. Nurriberg. if fi.
fo).

Lam. encycl. — Encyclopedia Methodique j Botanique, par
M. le Chevalier de Larnarck. Paris, 1783 et seq. 4to.

Lam. iliustr . — Ejusdem Illustration des Genres. Paris,
1/91 et seq. 4to.

Lambert monogr — A Description of the Genus Pinus, by
Aylmer Bourke Lambert. London, 1803. fol.

Lapeyr — Figures de la Flore des Pyrenees, par P. Picot La-
peyrouse. Tom, 1. Paris, 1795. fol.

Leers Ji. herb. — J. D. Leers, Flora Herbornensis* Herbornae,
1775. 8vo.

VHer. Corn . — C. L. L’Heritier Cornus. Parisiis, 1788.
fol.

JJHerit. sert. a ^/.-—Ejusdem Sertum Anglicum. Parisiis,
1788. fol.

L'Herit. stirp. — Ejusdem Stirpes novae aut minus cognitae.
y Parisiis, 1784, 1785, fol.

Linn. Ji. lapp. — Vid. FI. lapp.

Linn. Jit. dec . — Car. a Linne Filius Decas 1-2 Plantarum
rariorum Horti Upsaliensis. Stockholmiae, 1762, 1763.
fol.

Linn. hort. cljf* — Vid, Hort. Cliffort.

Linn. mant. — C. a Linne Mantissa Plantarum. Holmiae,
1767—U7 1» 8vo.

Linn. sp. pl. — -Ejusdem Species Plantarum. Holmiae, 1753.
8vo.

Linn. suppi. — -C. a Linne Filius Supplementum Plantarum,
Brunswigae, 'J 781. 8vo.

Linn. syst. veg,- — C. a Linne Systema Vegetabilium, curante
Murray. Gottingae, 1784. 8vo.

Linn. trans. Linn. soc. trans. — Vid. Act. soc. linn. lond.

Lob. ic. — Petro Pena et Matthia de Lobel Plantarum seu
Stirpium Icones. Tom. 1, 2. Antverp. 1581 — 1591»
4to. obi.

Loes. pruss. — J. Loeselii Flora Prussica. Regiomonti, 1703,
1 4to.

Magn . hort. — -Petr. Magnol Hortus Regius Monspeliensis.
Monspelii, 1697. 8vo.

Marsh . arb. — Humph. Marshall xlrbustum Americanum.
Philadelphiae, 1758. 8vo.

Mart. dec. Mart, cent . — -J. Martyn, Historia Plantarum
rariorum. Londini, 172s. fol.

jj/cw. de l* ins tit. sc. phys. — Memoiresde l’lnstitut National
des Sciences et Arts. Paris, an () et seq. 4to.

INDEX AUCTORUM.

xxxii?

Meerh. ic.~ “Afbeeldingen van Zeldzaame Gewassen* door
Nic. Meerburgb. Leyden, J775- fob

— — — Plantarum selectarum Icones picte, edite a

Nic. Meerburgh. Lugd. Batav. ?798. fol.

Merian surin. — M. Sibylla Merian 4^ Generatione et Meta-
morphosibus Insectorum Surinamensium. Hagae
Comitum, 1726. fol.

Midi arb. — Histoire des Arbres Forestiers de FAmerique
Sepientriouale, par F. Andre Michaux. Tom.3. Pa-
ris, 1810—1812. 8vo.

Midi. Jl amer. — -Andr. Michaux Flora Eoreali-Americana.
Tom. 2. Paris, 1803. 8vo.

Midi querc.— Ejusdem Histoire des Chenes de FAmerique»
Paris, 1801. fol.

Midi. gen. Michel, gen.— Nova Plantarum Genera, Auc-
tore Petro A. Michelio. Florentiae, 1729. fol.

Mill ic. Mill, icon.— Figures of Plants, described in the
Gardener’s Dictionary, by Phil. Miller. 2 vols. Lon»
don, 1700. fol.

J. F. Mill. ic. — -60 Coloured Plates of Plants and Animals,
by J. F. Miller. 3 77®-~’1794. fol.

Mcench meth.—C. Mcench, Methodus Plantarum Horti
Botanici et Agri Marburgensis a Staminum Situ. Mar-
burg. 1794. 8vo.

Moendi weissenst . — Ejusdem Verzeichnis Auslandischer
Baume und Stauden des. Lustschlosses Weissenstein bj
Cassei. Francf. 1785. 8vo.

Moris, hist. — Bob. Morison, Plantarum Historiae Universa-
lis. Pars 2, 3. Oxon. 1680 — l6gg. fol.

Murray com. gcett.—Y id. Coni, goett .

Ort. dec. — C. G. Ortegae novarum aut rariorum Plantarum
Horti Reg. Botan. Matri t. Descriptionum Decades.
Matriti, 1797 et se(P 4to.

Pali, aslrag— Petr. Sim. Pallas' Species Astragalorum de-
scriptae et Iconibus coloratis illustratae. Lipsiae, 1800. foh

Pall.Jl. row.— Ejusdem Flora Rossica. Tom. J, 2. Pe-
trop. 1784— 1788. fol.

Pali, illusir. — Ejusdem Illustrationes Plantarum imperfecte
vel nondum cognitarum. Lipsiae, 1803. fol.

Pali. iiin. — Ejusdem Reise durch verschiedene Russische
Provinzen des Russischen Reichs. P. 1 — 3. Petersb.
1/71— 1776. 4to,

Par ad. lond. — The Paradisus Londinensis, containing Plants
cultivated in the Vicinity of the Metropolis ; the De-
scriptions by R. A. Salisbury, the Figures by William
Hooker. London, ISObetseq, 4to.

voL. i. e

xxxi'

INDEX AUCTORUM.

Pers. ench. Pers. syn .. — Synopsis Plantarum, seu Enchiri-*
dium Botanicum, curante C. H. Persoon. Pars 1, 2.
Parisiis, 1S05. 12mo.

Petii’, gaz.—i ac. Petiver, Gazophylacium Naturae et Artis,
fol.

Philad. philos. trans. — Vid. Ad. soc. amer.

Pi. rar. hung. — Franc. Comitis Waldstein et Pauli Kitaibel
Descriptiones et Icones Plantarum rariorum Hungariae.
Tot». 1, 2. Viennae, 1802 — 1805. fol.

Pluk.alm. — Leon. Plukenett, Almagestum Botanicum. Lon-
dini, 1 6g6. 4to.

Pluk. amalth. — Ejusdem Amaltheum Botanicum. Londini,
1705 4to.

Pluk. mant. — Ejusdem Mantissa Almagesti Botanici. Lon-
dini, 1700. 4to.

Pluk. phy t. — Ejusdem Phy tographia. Londini, 1691,1692.
4to.

Pium. amer. — Carl. Plunder, Descriptions des Plantes de
PAmerique. Paris, 1693. fol.

Plum.Jilic. — Ejusdem des Fougeres de 1’Amerique. Paris,
1705. fol.

Pium. ic. — Ejusdem Plantarum Americanarum Fasciculi
decem, continentes Plantas quas olim C. Plumierius de-
texit: edidit J. Burmannus. Amstel. 1755 — 1760. fol.

Pollich Jl. palat. — J. A. Pollich, Historia Plantarum in Pa-
latinatu Electorali sponte crescentium. Tom. 1 — 3.
Mannh. 1 776— 17/8. 8vo.

Redoute lil. — Les Liliacees, par P. J. Redoute. Paris, 1802
et seq, fol.

Relz scand. — Andr. Joh. Betz, Florae Scandinaviae Prodro-
mus. Lipsiae, 1795. 8vo.

Relz obs. — Ejusdem Observationes Botanicae. Lipsiae,
1779—1791- fol.

Rheed. mal.— -Hortus Indicus Malabaricus, adornatus per
Henr. van Rheede van Drakenstein. Tomi 12. Am-
stelodami, 1678 — 1703. fol.

Pdvin. monop.—A. Q. Rivini Ordo Plantarum quae sunt
Flore irregulari monopetalo. Lipsiae, 1691. fol.

Piob. ic. — 319 Plates of Plants, engraved by Nic. Robert,
A. Bosse, and L. de Chastillon. fol.

Rostk.junc. — F. G. Rostkovii Dissertatio Botanica de Junco.
Haiae, 1801. 8vo.

Roth catalect. — A. W. Roth, Catalecta Botanica, Fascicul.
1, 2. Lipsiae, J /97 — 1800. 8vo.

Roth. germ. — Ejusdem Tentamen Florae Germanicae. Tom. 3.
Lipsiae, 1/88. 1800. 8vo.

INDEX auctorum;

xxxr

Roth neue lehr.— Ejusdem Neue Beitrage zur JBoiahii.
Bremen. 8vo.

Rottl. gram. — C. Friis Roltbol Descriptiones et leones rario-
rum pro maxima parte novarum Plantarum. Hafo.
] 786. fol.

Rail. hort. — Hortus Romanus secundum Systema Tourne-
fortii, &c. Species suppeditabat et describebat Liber-
tius Sabbati. Tomi 4. Romae, ] 772 — ] 777 • fol.

Salisl stirp rar. — R. A. Salisbury, leones Stirpium rariorum
Descriptionibus illustratae. Londini, i 79 1. fol. max.

rScheuch%. gram.—doh. Scheuchzer, Agrostograpbia, sive
Graminum, Juncorum, Cyperorum, iisque athnium
Historia. Tiguri, 1719- 4to.

Schk. car.— C. Scbkuhr, Abbildungen der Riedgraser. Wit-
tenb. 1806. 8vo.

Schkuhr handl. — Ejusdem Botanisches Handbuch. 3 Theile.
Wittenberg, 1791 — 1803. 8vo.

Schkuhr jilic.— Ejusdem Abbiluungen der Farrnkrauter. 4to.

Schmidt ari. — Franz Schmidt, Oesterreichs Allgemeine
Baumzucht. Wien. 1792 et seq. fol.

Schrel . gram. — J. C. D. Schreber’s Beschreibung der Graser.
Leipzig, 1769 et seq. fol.

Scop . dei. insui. — J. A. Scopoli Deliciae Florae et Faunae In-
subricae. Pars 1 — 3. Ticini, 1786 — 1788. fol.

Sloan, hist. jam. Sloan, jam. — A Voyage to the Islands of
Madeira, Barbadoes, Nevis, St. Christopher’s and Jar
maica, with the Natural History of the last of those
Islands, by Hans Sloane. 2 vols. London, 1707—
1725. fol.

Smith Irit. Smith Jl. Irit—J. E. Smith, Plora Britannica.
Vol. 1 — 3. Londini, 1800 — 1804. 8vo.

Smith exot. lot. — Vid.^Exot. lot.

Smith ic. ined. — Plantarum leones hactenus ineditae. Auc-
tore J. E. Smith. Londini, 1789 et seq. fol.

Smith ic. pict. — Ejusdem leones pictae Plantarum rariorum.
Londini, I790etseq. fol.

Smith spicil. — Ejusdem Spicilegium Botanicum. Londini,
I791etseq. fol.

Sp. pi.- — Vid. Linn. sp. pi.

Swartz Jl. ind. occid. — Ol. Swartz, Flora Indiae Occidenta-
lis. Tom. 3. Erlangae, 1797. 1806. 8vo.

Swartz ic. — Ejusdem leones Plantarum incognitarum, quas
in India Occidentali detexit atque delineavit. Fasc. 1, 2.
Erlangae, 1788. fol.

Swartz olserv. — Ejusdem Observationes Botanicae. Er-
langae, 1791. 8vo.

Swartz prodr.— Ejusdem Prodromus Descriptionum Ve-

♦

»

^xxvi

INDEX AUCTORUM.

getabiliam quae sub Itinere in Indiam Occidentalem
digessit. Holm. 1/88. 8vo.

Thuil.fi. par. — Thuillier, La Flore des Environs de Paris.
Paris, l’an 7* 8vo.

Trew ehr. — Plantae Selectae, quarum Imagines pinxit G .
D. Ehret, collegit et illustravit C. J. Trew. Norim-
bergae, 1 750— 1773. fol.

Trew pi. rar . — Plantae rariores, quas depingendas aerique
incidendas curavit C. J.Trew, Norimbergae, 1763 fol.

Usteri annal — Paul Usteri, Annalen der Botanik. 1 — 24
Stuck. Zurich, 1792etseq. 8vo.

Yahl. enum. pl. — Mart. Vahlii Enumeratio Plantarum vel
ab aliis vel ab ipso observatarum. Vol. 1, 2. Havniae,
1804, 1805. 8vo.

Vahl.symh. — Ejusdem Symbolae Botanicae. Partes 3. Hav~
nise, 179O— 1794. fol.

Vaill. par. — Seb. Vaillant, Botanicum Parisiense. Leide et
Amsterdam, 1727. fof.

Vandeli. fasc . — Domini. Vandelli JFasciculus Plantarum,
curn novis Generibus et Speciebus. Olisip. 1771. 4to.

Vent, cels. Vent. hort. cels. Vent, jard cels.-— Description
des Plantes nouvelles et peu connues, cultivees dans le
Jardin de J. M. Cels, avec Figures, par E. P. Ventenat,
Paris, 1800. fol.

Vent, choix de plant — Ejusdem Choix de Plantes, dont laplu»
part sont cultivees dans le Jardin de Cels. Paris, 1803.

Vent, malmais. — Ejusdem Jardin de la Malmaison. Paris,
1803 etseq. fol.

JValdst. hung.— Vid. PI. rar. hung.

Walt. Jl. car . — Flora Caroliniana, Auctore Thom. Walter.
Londini, 1/88. 8vo.

Walth. hort.— Designatio Plantarum quas Hortus Aug.
Trid. Waitheri complectitur : accedunt novae Plantarum
Icones 24. Lipsiae, 1735. 8vo.

JYangh. amer . — F. A. J. von Wangenheim Anpflanzung
North Amerikanischer Holzarten. Gotting. 1787* fol.

JVendl. hort. herrenh. — J. C. Wendland, Hortus Herrenhu»
sianus. Fasc. 1 — 4. Hannov. 1798 — 1801. fol.

Willd. amaranth. — C. Willdenow, Historia Amafanthorum.
Turici, 1790. fol.

Willd. enum. — Ejusdem Enumeratio Plantarum Berolinen-
sium. 8vo.

Willd. hort. her. — Ejusdem Hortus Berolinensis. Fasc. 1 — 3.
Berol. 1803, 1S04.

Willd. sp.pl. — Ejusdem Species Plantarum. Berolini, 1797
etseq. 8vo.

1 MON ANDRI A.

I. MONOGYNIA.

1. ZOSTERA. Cal et Cor. nulla. Anth. sessilis. Caps .

1-sperma. Monoicum.

2. CAU LINIA. Cal et Cor. nulla. Anth. sessilis. Styl.

filiformis. Stigm. 2- fidum. Caps . 1-sperma. Mo-
noicum.

3. SALICORNIA. Cal. ventricosus, integer. Cor. O.

Stam. 1-2. Sem. 1. in fundo calycis.

4. HIPPURIS. Cal. margo bilobus, superus* Cor. O,

Sem. 1.

II. DIGYNIA*

5. PODOSTEMUM. Cal. squama Si-3. Cor. 0. Fil.

furcatum. Anth. 2. Styl. 0. Stigm. reflexa. Caps.
2-loc. 2-valv. polysperma.

6. CALLITRICHE. Cal. 2-partitus. Cor. O. Caps.

2-locularis, 4-sperma.

7. BLITUM. CaL 3-fidus, baccatus. Cor. Q. Sem. 1»

8. CORISPERMUM. Cal. 2-partitus. Cor. 0. Sem. 1.

III. POLYGYNIA.

<). ZANNICHELLIA. Cal. 1-phyllus, turbinatus. Cor. 0.

Styl. 3 — 5. Stigm. peltata. Sem. 3 — 5. nuda.

10. CHARA. Cal. et Cor . 0. Stigm. 5. Bac . polysperma.

Vox. I.

)

marina.

fragilis .

flexilis .

heri ac ea.

annua.

simplex.

gracilis.

virginica .

MONANDRXA MONOGYNlA.

I. MONOG Y NT A.

1. ZOSTERA. Gen.pl. 1390. Grass-wrack.

1. Z. foliis integerrimis subtrinerviis, caule teretiusculo.

Valli, enum. pl. 1 . p. 14.

Icon. Engl. lot. 46 7. E/, c/aw. i. 15.

In salt-marsh ditches, in the bay of Delaware, scarce.

7/. Aug. v. v. Leaves long flowers very small.
The leaves are narrower and more obtuse than in the
European plant in every other respect it appears to
be the same.

2. CAULINIA. IVilld. in act. ac. ler. 1798. p. 87.

J. C. foliis ternis oppositisve lineari-subulatis recurvatis
aculeato-dentatis rigidis. IVilld. sp pl. 4. p. 182.
Icon. IVilld. 1. c. t. 1. /. 2. — Michel, gen. t. 8. f. 3.

In slow-flowing waters $ Susquehanna, : Kenhaway, &c.
rivers. 0. Aug. v. v. Immersed, floating.

2. C. foliis senis linearibus apice denticulatis patentibus.

IVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 183.

Icon. IVilld. I. c. t. 1. f. 1 .

In small ponds and old ditches : New -York to Carolina.
©. Aug. v. v. Immersed, floating) flowers very
small.

3. SALICORNTA. Gen.pl. 14. Samphire or Glasswort.

1. S. herbacea patula, articulis apice compressis emargi-

nato-bifidis, spicis axillaribus oppositis peduncularis,
squamis obtusis. IVilld. sp.pl. 1. p. 23.
a Engl. lot. 415.

/3 ramis simplicissimis, caule prostrato.
y caule stricto ramoso, ramis laxis.

Var. a and (3 are common along the sea-coast : var. y I
observed on the Salt-lake of Onondago, New York.
0. <$ . Aug. v. v. Fleshy, smooth j salt taste.

2. S. herbacea erecta, ramis simplicissimis indivisis : spicis

longis articulatis. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 25.

Frequent on the coast of Virginia and Carolina. 0.
July, Aug. v v. ; v. s in Herbario Gronoviano in
Museo Banksiano asservato. Smaller than No. 1 .

I consider this no more than a sub-species, and pro*
bably the same with S. herbacea y.

MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA. SaliCOmia.

$

3. S. fruticulosa assurgens inordinate ramosa. Mich. Jl.
amer. 1. p. 2.

In sedgy salt- meadows ; New Jersey to Carolina. $ . I? .
July, Aug. v. v. Resembles S. fruticosa very much ;
taller than either No. 1. or 2 j pale green.

4. HIPPURIS. Gen. pi. 15. Mare’s-tail.

1. II. foliis plerumque senis linearibus. Mich.Jl. amer. 1.

p. 1.

In ditches ancj small ponds : Canada to Pensylvania,
rare. TL. v. s. s.fl. Upright, simple 5 may be a
new species.

II. DIG yn 1 A.

5. PODOSTEMUM. Mich.Jl . amer. 2. p. 164.

1. Podostemum. Mich. 1. c. p . 165.

Icon. Mich. 1. c. t. 44.

Closely attached to loose stones in shallow water of
the rivers Ohio, Holston, Kenhaway, &c, 1/ . July.

v. v.

I take the liberty to place this plant in Monandria, as it
will be more easily found by a young Botanist under
this head, than under Monoecia Diandria.

6. CALLITRICHE. Gen.pl.lJ. Water-starwort.

1. C. foliis superioribus spathulato-obovatis, inferioribus li-

nearibus obtusis e margi natisque.

C. verna. Willd . sp.pl. l.p. 28 ?

Icon. FI. dan. 12 Q ?

In springs and rivulets, very common. ©. May—
July. v. v. Flowers white, axillary $ upper leaves
floating.

2. C. foliis omnibus linearibus apice bifidis.

C. autumnalis. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 2g ?

In similar situations, not so common. ©. May,
June. v. v. More slender than No. 1 . Upper leaves
somewhat spathulate- linear.

3. C. foliis omnibus linearibus truncatis brevibus approxi**

matis.

b 2

amligua.

vulgaris .

ceratophyU

lum.

heterophylh .

linearis .

hrevifolia ,

4

MONANDRiA DiGYNiA. Callitriche.

capitatum»

\ ■

In sandy barren grounds, near mill-ponds, occasionally
overflowed: New York to Virginia. ©.Aug. v. v.
Small, creeping along the ground, with a moss-like
appearance ; flowering seldom.

7- BLITUM. Gen. pi. 18. Strawberry-spinage.

3. B. foliis acute triangulo-hastatis, capitulis alternis in ra-
cemum superne aphyllum approximatis. Mich. Jl.
amer. 1. p. 2. Willd.sp. pi. i. p 30.

In woods and about houses, in Canada and the western
parts of New York and Virginia. ©. June, July.
v. v. Flowers herbaceous ; berries red.

kyssopifoli -
urn»

8. CORISPERMUM. Gen.pl. 1 6. Tick-seed.

1. C. spicis terminalibus, foliis linearibus enerviis muticis.
JVilld. sp.pl. l. p. 28.

Icon. Pall. jl. ross.2. t. 98.

In open plains, called Prairies, of Canada and on the
banks of the Missouri River; found by M. Lewis,
Esq. Ij • Aug. Sept. v. s. in Herbario Lewisiano .
Small shrub, of a gray aspect : flowers small, in axil-
lary clusters.

palustris .

III. POLYG YN I A.

g. ZANNICHELLIA. Gen.pl.13gi»

I. Z. anthera quadriloculari, stigmatibus integerrimis, se-
minibus dorso denticulatis. Willd.sp.pl. 4. p. 181.

Icon. Michel, gen. t. 34. f. 1.

In ditqhes and small rivulets, in Virginia near the Sweet
springs. ©. July, Aug. v. v. Resembles Pota-
mogeton marinum ; flowers very small.

vulgaris e

30. CHARA. Gen. pi. 13^7.

1. C. caulibus ramulisque basi nudis, ramulis teretibus, ar-
ticulis foliosis, foliolis oblongo-subulatis, bracteis bac-
ca brevioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 183.

Icon. Engl. hot. 336. Feather-beds .

Floating in old ponds and ditches : Canada to Carolina,
common. ©.July, Aug. v.v. Incrusted ; smells
disagreeably.

MONANDKIA FOLYGYNIA. Chara.

5

2. C. caulibus undis superne papillosis, ramulis teretibus

basi et in articulis foliosis, foliis linearibus, bracteis
bacca brevioribus. Willd. sp.pl. 4. p. 184.

Icon. Willd. in act. ac. her. t. l.f 2.

In clear waters and small ponds : Pensylvania, Virginia,
&c. ©.July. v.v. Green, shining, fragile.

3. C. caulibus diaphanis nudis, ramulis inarticulatis aphyl-

lis compressis, baccis nudis laterahbus. Willd. sp .
pl. 4. p. 187-
Icon. Engl. lot. 1070.

In muddy pools and ditches in the western part of Pen»
sylvania, &c, ©.Aug. v.v. Green, flexile, ten-
der, transparent.

foliolom*

flexilis»

II. DIANDR1A.

I. MONOGYNIA.

* FI. completi, inferi, 1 -pet. regulares.

12. OLEA. Cor. 4-fida: laciniis subovatis. Drupa 1-

sperma.

13. CHIONANTHUS. Cor . 4-fida : laciniis longissimis.

Drupa 1-sperma : nuce striata.

14. ORNUS. Cor. 4-partita : petalis longis figulatis.

FU. longa. Nux alata.

11. LIGUSTRUM. Cor. 4-fida. Bac. 2-loc. : loculis 2-
spermis.

** FI. completi , inferi, l-pet. irregular es , angiospermi.

18. VERONICA. Cor. limbo 4-partito : lacinia inferiore
angustiore. Caps. 2-loc.

17. MICRANTHEMUM. Cor. subcampanulata, 4-par-
tita : lacinia superiore minore. Caps. 2-valv. 1-loc.
polysperma.

39. GRATIOLA. Cor. irregularis, resupinata. Siam. 2.

sterilia. Stigm. 2-lob Caps. 2-loc.

16. CATALPA. Cor. irregularis, 5-fida. Cal. 2-phyllus.
Caps. 2-locularis.

20. ELYTRARIA. Cor. 5-fida, subaequalis. Stam. 2.

sterilia. Gaps. 2-loc.

21. JUSTICXA. Cor . irregularis. Caps. 2-loc. 2-valvis.

Anth. geminae.

22. PINGUICULA. Cor. ringens, calcarata. Caps. 1-loc.

Cal. 2-lab. 5-fidus.

23. UTRICULARIA. Cor. ringens, calcarata. Caps.

1-loc. Cal. 2-phyllus, aequalis.

*** FI. completi, inferi, l-pet. gymnospermi.

24. LYCOPUS. Cor. tubulosa, subaequalis, 4-fida : laci*

nia superiore latiore emarginata. Sem. 4 . retusa.

25. MONARDA. Cor. ringens : labium superius lineare,

filamenta involvens.

DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA,

7

2 6. SALVIA, Cor. ringens. Filam. transverse pedicello

affixa.

27. COLLINSONIA. Cor. inaequalis : labio inferiore

multifido, capillari. Stain. 2 — 4. Sem. 4. 3. ab-
ortientia.

**** FI. completi , superi .

28. CIRC7EA. Cor. 2-petala. Caps. 2-loc. : loculis 1-

spermis.

***** pi, incompleti.

15. FRAXINUS. Cor. 0. vel 4-pet. Samara 2-loc. Sem. 1.
Polygamum.

29. CERATIOLA. Cal. gemma. Cor. 0. Bac. 2-sperma.

30. BORYA. Cal. 4-phyllus. Cor. 0. Bac. J-sperma,

31. LEMNA. Cal. 1 -phy Ilus. Cor. 0. Caps. 1-loc. 2-

sperma.

1. MONOGYNIA,

11. LIGUSTRUM. Gen.pl. 23. Privet. Prim.

1. L. foliis lanceolatis acutiusculis, panicula coarctata.
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 41.

Icon. Engl. hot. 764.

In hedges on road sides, frequent ; scarce in remote
woods : Canada to Virginia. ^ • May — July. v. v .
Flowers in white panicles 5 berries black.

12. OLEA. Gen. pl. 25. Olive-tree.

1. O. foliis lanceolato-ellipticis integerrimis, racemis angus-
tatis, bracteis omnibus persistentibus connatis parvis.
Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 45.

Icon. Catesb car. 1. t. 6l. DeviVs-wood.

On the sea-coast, in sandy boggy places : Carolina, Flo-
rida, &c. Vi . April, May. v. v. Flowers small,
white 3 berries globular, purple, eatable.

13. CHIONANTHUS. Gen.pl. 26. Fringe-tree.

1. C. panicula terminali trifida, pedunculis trifloris, foliis
acutis. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 46.

vulgare .

O

amencana «

virgin ica .

s

montanus»

maritimus»

americana*

samlucifolia.

quadrangula-
ta.

gpiptera.

DIANBRI& monogynia. Chionanthus«

Icon. Catesb. car. l.£,68.

oc foliis ovali lanceolatis coriaceis glabris, paniculis densis*
drupis ovalibus.

C. v latifolia. Ali. keiv. 1. p. 23.

/3 foliis obovato-lanceolatis membranaceis pubescentibus,
paniculis laxissimis, drupis ellipticis.

C. v. angustifolia Alt. kew. 1 . p. 23.

Var. cl in the mountains of Pensylvania and Carolina.

/ 3 on the sea- coast in boggy woods from New Jersey
to Carolina. T2 . IVIay , June. v.v. Flowers white,
very handsome ; berries purplish -blue.

It is probable that those, as yet considered subspecies,
are really distinct species, which further observations
will decide.

14. ORNUS. JDalech. Flowering-ash.

1. O. foliolis late ovatis serratis: impari fere obcordato.

Pers. ench. 2. p 205.

In moist shady woods : Maryland and Virginia, rare,
Tj . May. v. v. Flowers resembling those of Chio~
nautilus ; seeds small, winged,

15. FRAXINUS. Gen.pl. 1 597. Ash-tree.

3 . F. foliolis sessilibus ovato-lanceolatis serratis rugoso-nith
dis, basi rotundatis inaequalibus, axillis venarum subtus
villosis, floribus nudis, ll illd. sp. pl. 4. p. IO99.
Icon. Mich.f. arb t. . . . Black-ash , Water-ash .

In stony soil, o river sides from Canada to Virginia.
Tj . April v. v.

2. F. foliolis subsessilibus lanceolato-ellipticis serratis, sub-

tus pubescentibus, samaris utrinque obtusis. Wilid.
sp pl, 4. p. 1 102,

Icon. Mich.f. arb. t. . . . Blue-ash,

In rich bottoms of the western states : Ohio, Kentucky
and Tem assee. . May. v.v. s.Jl.; v.s.c.fr,

3. F. foliolis lanceolato-ellipticis subserratis, samaris cune-

atis apice obtusis emarginatis inferne teretibus. Vahl,
enum. pl. I. p 50.

F. discolor. Mich.f. arb. 33.

F. canadensis. Gcert » de jr. etsem. 1. p. 222. t. 49.
Icon. Mich.f. arb. t. . . .

On water-sides and rich bottom lands, from Canada to
Carolina, frequent, ♦ April, v, v .

DIANDK1A MONOGYNIA, FmxlnUS. §

4. F. foliolis petiolatis oblongis nitidis acuminatis integerri- acuminata .

mis subtus glaucis, floribus calyculatis. Lam. en-
cycl. 2. p. 542.

F. amer.cana. Willd. sp. pi. 4. p. 1102.

F. concolor. Mich.f. arb. 33.

Icon. Mich. l.c. . . . White-ash. Green-ash.

Common in most woods from Canada to Carolina, .

April. %(. v.

5. F. foliolis petiolatis lanceolatis serrulalis nitidis glabris, caroliniana •

ramulis glabris, floribus calyculatis. Willd. sp. pi. 4.
p. 1103.

F. serratifolia. Mich.f. arb. p. 33.

F. excelsior. Walt. Jl. car. p. 254.

Icon. Mich f. arb. t. . . . Shining-ash.

In rocky situations, from Pensylvania tos Carolina, scarce.

\ . May. v. v. s.Jl.

6. F. foliolis subsessilibus extrorsum serratis samarisque platycarpa .

lanceolato-eliipticis. Willd. sp. pi. 4. p. 1103.

Icon. Catesb. car . t. 80. Mich. f. arb. t. . . .

In boggy woods of Virginia and Carolina. Pj . April,

May. v. s.

f F. foliolis petiolatis elliptico-ovatis serratis subtus petiolis
ramulisque tomentcsis, floribus calyculatis. Willd.
sp. pl. 4. p. 1103, Walt. Jl. car. p. 234, Lam .
encycl. 2 . p. 543.

F. nigra. Du Roi, ed. 2. t. 1. p. 398.

F. tomentosa Mich.f. arb. p. 33.

Icon. Mich. t. c. t. . . . Red-ash. Blach-ash.

fi foliolis ovato-lanceolatis attenuatis subserratis.
y foliolis ovatis latioribus obsolete ad medium usque ser-
ratis.

i foliolis elliptico oblongis acuminatis argute serratis in-
ferne subpubescentibus, petiolo communi glaberrimo.

Pers. ench. 2. p. 60 5.

Common in the woods of Canada and the United States.

P? . April, May. v. v.

8. F. foliolis petiolatis ovatis opacis serratis subtus glauci sjuglandifolia.
axillis venarum pubescentibus, ramulis glabris, flori-
bus calyculatis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1104.

F. caroliniana. Wangh. amer. 81.

Icon. Mich. f. arb. t. . . . Western Blach-ash .

In shady wet woods, from Canada to North Carolina j
chiefly in the western districts. Pj . May. v. v.

pubescens.

longi folia,
latifolia.

subpube-

scens.

1

10

DI ANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

syringcefolia.

orbiculatum .

vvrginica „

officinalis.

reniformis .

1(5. CATALPA. gera. 138. Catalpa-tree.

1. C. foliis cordatis planis Sivis in lot. mag. 1094.
Bignonia Cataipa. Willd sp. pl. 3. p. 2bQ.

C. bignonioides. t Walt.fi car . p. 64.

Icon. Schmidt, arb. 1 t 41.

On the banks of Ohio, Mississippi and Delaware, in
gravelly soil. ^ • July, Aug v. v. Flowers white,
speckled with purple and yellow.

17 MICRANTHEMUM. Mich. ft. amer. I. p. 10.

1. Micranthemum. Mich l.c.

Anonymos umbrosa. Walt, ft car , p 63.

Globifera umbrosa, Gmel. syst. nat. t. 2. p. 1 . p. 32.
Icon Mich l. c t 2

In shady wet woods ot Carolina and Georgia. % . Aug.
v. v. Stem creeping j leaves orbicular } flowers axii~
lary, very small.

18 VERONICA. Gen. pl. 32. Speedwell.

3. V. spicis terminalibus, foliis quaternis quinisque. Willd .
sp. pl 1 p 34.

Icon. Pluk. alni t. 70./! 2.

On calcareous hills, in sunny exposures. 1/. July—
Sept. v. v Spikes long, white, or blush-colour.

On the mountains of Virginia I observed a very tall-
growing variety, with purple flowers, extremely beau-
tiful.

2. V. spicis lateralibus pedunculatis, foliis oppositis obovato-

subrotundis pilosis annuis, caule procumbente hirto.
Willd.sp.pl 1. /> 59.

Icon Engl hot 765. FL dan. 248.

In barren, dry woods, very common from Canada to
Carolina. 1/. May— July, v v.

3. V. spicis lateralibus pedunculatis, foliis oppositis reni-

formi-cordatis inciso-crenatis, caule repente.

Collected by Messrs. Lewis and Clark in boggy soil, on
the banks of the Missouri. I/ . June. v. s . m Herb .
Lewis

Caulis repens, filiformis, ad geniculos radicans. Folia
opposita, longe petiolata, reniformi-cordata, inciso-
crenata, glabra. Pedunculi axillares, alterni, lon-
gitudine foliorum, teretes, glabri, superne unibrac-
teath Bractea oblonga, crenata. Spica oblonga.

diandria MONOGYNiA. Veronica.

It

brevis. Flores magni, conferti, pall'de caerulei. Cal,

4-fidus : laciniis 2. superioribus oblongis ; 2. inferiori-
bus linearibus, multo minoribus. Cor. Tubus brevis-
simus. Limbus planus: laciniis oblongis, acutis, ca-
lyce triplo longioribus, infima lineari. Fil. longitudine
corollae.

4. V. racemo terminali subspicato, foliis ovatis glabris cre- serpyllifolia .

natis. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 64.

Icon. FI dan. 492.

On road sides and in dry woods, common. 1/ . May
—Aug, v.v. Creeping] flowers pale with blue
stripes.

5. V. racemis lateralibus, foliis ovatis planis, caule repente. Beccabunga.

Willd. sp. pl 1, p. 64.

Icon. Engl. bot. 655. FI. dan. 511.

In rivulets and springs j Pensylvania to Virginia, rare.

If . June, July. v.v. Leaves shining green, blunt $
flowers large, blue.

6. V. racemis lateralibus, foliis lanceolatis serratis, caule Ana gallis»

erecto. Willd. sp . pl. 1. p. 65
Icon. Engl. bot. 7 81. Fl.dan.Q03.

In ditches and rivulets, more common : Canada to Ca-
rolina. 11 . June— Aug. v. v. Leaves acute.

7. V. racemis lateralibus alternis : pedicellis pendulis, foliis scutellata .

linearibus. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p . 65.

Icon. Engl. bot. 732. FI. dan ■ 20p.

Var. foliis integerrimis et serratis.

In wet meadows on gravelly soil. If. . July. v. v.

The American plant has longer leaves than any of the
European specimens I have seen.

8. V. floribus solitariis foliisque cordatis subsessilibus, caule *arvensis .

hirto. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 73.

Icon. Engl. bot. 7 34. Fi. dan. 515.

Common in fields and cultivated grounds. © . May —

Sept. v. v. Flowers blue, small.

9. V. floribus sessilibus, foliis lineari-lanceolatis dentatis peregrina,

integerrimisque, caule erecto. Willd. sp. pl. l.p. 76.

Vahl. enum. pl. 1. p. 85.

V. romana. Linn. mant. 31 7.

V. marylandica. Murr. in com. goet. 1782, p. 1 1. 1. 3.

V. caroliniana. Walt.Jl. car. p. 6 1.
j V. carnosuia. Lam. illustr. 1, p. 47.

Icon. Murr. I, c. FI. dan. 40 J.

12

DI ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Veronica.

aurea.

virginica.

qnadridenta -
ia ,

acuminata .

In cultivated ground, common. 0 . May — Aug. v. v. j
i», s. in Herbario Walteriano , necnon Gronoviano .
Very variable in habit. Flowers small, white.

19. GRATIOLA. Gen. pi. 3 7.

1. G. foliis lato-linearibus sessilibus integerrimis 3 -nerviis

supra punctatis, pedunculis oppositis vix longitudine
foliorum 5 filamentis castratis nullis.

G. officinalis. Mich.Jl. amer. i. p.6.

G. caroliniensis. Ptrs. ench. 1. p 14.

In sandy wet places, in the pine-barrens of New Eng-
land, New Jersey and Carolina. I/. Aug. v. v. ;
v. s. in Herbario Banksiano. Golden-pert.

Caulis bisulcatus, quadrangulus, basi ramosus. Folia
basi dilatata, sessilia, acuta, glabra. Pedunculi lon-
gitudine foliorum, villosi. Cal. laciniis linearibus,
apice glandulosis. Cor. aurea. Tubus hirsutus, me-
dio ventricosus, obliquus. Lab. superius subrotundum,
emarginatum : inferius aequaliter trifidum, laciniis ob-
longis : intermedia emarginata. Faux hirsuta. FiL

2. longitudine tubi corollae. Stylus staminibus lon-
gior. Stigma infundi buliforme, obliquum. Capsula
ovata, vix longitudine calycis.

2. G. foliis obovato-lanceolatis inferne attenuatis remote

dentatis nervosis glabris, pedunculis alternis brevissi»
mis, capsulis acuminatis calyce longioribus.

G. foliis lanceolatis obtusis subdentatis. Gron. virg. 3.
G. virginica. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 104.

G. acuminata, Vahl. enum. pl 1. p. Q2. exclus. syn.

In old ditches and pools from Pensylvania to Carolina.
% . June, July. v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Gronov. Stem
rooting at the joints ; flowers yellowish white.

3. G. foliis lineari lanceolatis extrorsum remote pauciden-

tatis, pedunculis longitudine foliorum, capsula calyce
subulato triplo breviore. Mich.Jl. amer. i. p. 6.

G. ramosa. Walt, jl . car. p. 6 1.

G. virginica. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 54. t. 1 6.f 2. Vahl.
enum. pl. 1. p. 89*

In sandy wet fields, edges of ponds. See. Carolina.
I/ . June — Aug. v. v. j v. s. in Herb. Walt.

4. G. foliis lanceolatis serratis pubescentibus, pedunculis op-

positis folio longioribus, calycis foliolis linearibus
longitudine capsulae subglobosae.

DiANDRiA MONOGYNiA. Gratiola.

G. acuminata. Walt.Ji. car. p. 6 1. nec Vahl. enum.

In ditches and pools : Pensylvania to Carolina. 1 / .

July, Aug. v. v. ; v. s. in Herb. Walt. Flowers
pale yellow, large. Caps, larger than any other.

5. G. foliis cordato-ovatis, floribus axillaribus subsessilibus
cauleque erecto pilosis. Vahl. enum . pi. 1. p. 04.

G. peruviana. Walt . fl. car. p. 62.

In pine-barrens: Carolina and Georgia. l/.June — »
August, v. v. ; v . s in Herb. Walt. et Banks.

G. anagalloidea Mich. &c. vid. Lindernia.

G. repens Swartz, et Monniera Mich. vicl. Herpestis.

20. ELYTRARIA. Mich. Jl. amer. 1 . p. 8.

1 . E. squamis floriferis ovatis margine villosis, scapi foliisque
lanceolatis integerrimis glabris. Vahl. enum. pl. 1.
p. 106. Mich.jl. amer. I. p. g.

Justicia acaulis y. Willd . sp. pl. 1. p. 84.

Anonymos caroliniensis. Walt.jl. car. 60.

Tubiflora caroliniensis. Grnel. syst. nat. 2 . p. 1, 2 7«
Icon. Mich. I. c. t. 1 .

In wet sandy woods of Lower Carolina. I/. July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers white, imbricated.

21. JUSTICIA. Gen.pl. 35.

1. J. spicis axillaribus, floribus confertis, pedunculis elon-

gatis alternis, foliis lanceolatis. Vahl. enum . pl. 1.
p. \46. sub J. americann. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. J
Dianthera americana. Linn, syst. veg. 64.

Dianthera ensiformis. Walt Jl. amer. 63.

Justicia linearifolia. Lam. illustr. 1 . p. 41 .

.Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 423. f. 5. Water -willow.

In bays and slow-flowing waters of the rivers St. Lau-
rence, Oswego, Ohio, Kenhaway, &c. July, Aug.
v. v.; v. s. in Herb. Walt, et Gronov .

2. J. spicis axillaribus terminalibusque paucifioris, floribus

distantibus, bracteis linearibus, foliis lanceoiato-ob-
longis. Vahl. enum. pl. 1. p. 143. •=

Dianthera ovata. Walt.jl. car. p. 63.

In swamps of Carolina and Florida. 1/ . July, Aug.
v. s. in Herb. Walt.

3. J. pedunculis axillaribus racemoso-verticillatis : pedi-

cellis geminis, bracteis obovatis trifforis, foliis ovatis
acutis, petiolis longissimis, caule sexangulati ramo-
sissimo.

13

pilosa ,

virgata .

pedunculosa.

humilis .

brachiata.

14

diandria monogynia. Justitia.

On the islands of Roanoak river in North Carolina. 11 .
July, Aug. v. v.

Caules pi ures, geniculati, hexagoni : angulis oppositis
sulcatis, brachiato-ramosissimi, glabri. Folia oppo-
sita, longe petiolata, ovato-oblonga, sensim acuta, in-
tegerrima, glabriuscula ; nervis, venis, petiolisque te-
nue pilosa. Ramuli floriferi axillares, breves, foliosi.
Pedunculi axillares gemini vel terni. Bracteae duae,
obovatae, altera minor. Flores 2-3. sessiles, rubelli.
Cal. simplex, 5-fidus : laciniis subulatis. Cor extus
pilosa. Tubus tortuosus. Limbus resupinatus, 2-la-
biatus : labium superius obliquum, oblongum, acu-
tum, plerumque emarginatum : inferius truncatum,
3-4-deritatum, fauce striatum. Antherce 2. in singu-
lo filamento. Stigm. bifidum. Caps oblonga, com»
pressa, mucronata. Sem. compressa, hispida, atro-
fusca.

elatior .

22. PINGUICULA. Gen. pl. 40.

1. P. nectario subulato obtuso corolla breviore, superne
tubo ventricoso, scapo inferne villoso. Vahl. enum.
pl. 1 ,p. 19. Mich.fl. amer . l.p. ]1.

P. caerulea. Walt. fi. car. p. 63.

In open swamps on the sands of Carolina and Georgia.
If. . May. v. v. Flowers of a beautiful amethystine
colour.

lutea .

2. P. nectario subulato recurvo corolla campanulata breviore,
fauce barbata, labiis dentatis, scapo subvilloso, Vahl.
enum. pl. 1. p. 93. Walt.Jl. car. p. 03. Mich.fl .

amer. 1 . p. 11.

P. campanulata. Lam. in diar. hist. nat. 1. n. g.p. 336.
t. 18./. 1.

In pine-barrens of Lower Carolina. If . April, May.
v. s. Flowers yellow ; leaves obovate.

pumila.

3. P. nectario tubo breviore, corolla oblongiuscule tubu-
losa, scapo brevi glabello Mich. fl. amer. 1. p 11.
In open swamps of Georgia. If . May. + . Flowers

acutifolia .

small, purple.

4. P. glaberrima, foliis erectis ovalibus acutissimis. Vahl.
enum.pl. 1. p. 194. Mich.fl. amer. l.p. 11.

In shady woods, near rivers about Lake Mistassins.
If . July. +.

B1ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. PingUlCUfe.

15

23. UTRICULARIA. Gen.pl. 41.

1. U. scapi foliis vesiculosis cylindricis divisis apice ramen-

taceis. Vahl. enwni. pl. 1. p. 1 97* Midi, jl. amer. 1.
p. 12.

U. inflata. Walt.fi. car. p. 64.

Floating in ponds and lakes of Virginia and Lower Ca-
rolina. June, July. v.v. ; v. s. in Herb. Walt.
Flowers yellow.

2. U. nectario conico, labio superiore lateribus reflexo lon-

gitudine palati, scapo stricto. Vahl. enum. pl. 1.
p. 198. Willd sp.pl. 1. p. 112.

Icon. FI. dan. 138.

In stagnant waters in the western parts of New York
and Pensylvania. %. July. v. v. Flowers large,
yellow, with red veins.

3. U. nectario gibbo carinato, corollarum fauce aperta.

Vahl. enum, pl. 1. p. 1QQ. Willd. sp. pl. 1. *.112.
Icon. FL dan. 128.

In swamps and ditches, in the pine-barrens of New
Jersey. I/ . Aug. v. v. Flowers small, deep yellow.

4. U. nectario obtuso, scapo subunifloro foliisque setaceis.

Vahl. enum. pl. 1. p. 199. Walt.fl . car. p 64.

In morasses of the pine barrens of Carolina. July.
v. s. in Herb. Walt . Stems purple 5 flowers orange.

5. U. rectario subulato recto labio superiore subaequante,

scapo subbifloro, foliis setaceis. Vahl. enum. pl. 1.
p. 200. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 50.

U. pumila. Walt.Jl. car. p. 64.

On the margin of ponds in Lower Carolina. July. v. s.
in Herb. Walt. Flowers small, yellow.

6. U. nectario obtuso labio inferiore breviore 5 scapo subbi-

floro.

U. nectario subulato. Gronov. virg.5, exclus. syn, Clayt.
U. setacea. Mich.Jl. amer. ]. p. 12. Vahl enurn.pl. 1.
p. 201.

In sandy wet places near ponds and rivers, from Canada
to Carolina, common ©. July, Aug. v.v ; v.s,
in Herb. Gronov. Flowers small, bright yellow.

7. U. nectario carinato brevissimo, laciniis corollas rotun-

datis, scapo 2-3-floro. Walt.Jl . car. p. 64.

Floating on the lakes and ponds in Carolina ; I observed

ceratophylla.

vulgaris*

minor .

fibrosa „

biflora .

subulata 9

purpurea.

16

DIANBItlA MONOGYNIA. Utricularia.

cornuta.

gibba.

europceus.

virginlcus.

quercifolius.

pumilus .

obtusifolius.

didyma .

it likewise in Pensylvania, on the Broad-mountain^
©. Aug. v. v. Flowers bright purple, small.

8. U. nectario subulato porrecto, corollae labium inferius

amplissimum, scapo subsessiliter bifioro. Mich.jl .
amer. 1. p. 12.

Near mountain lakes from Canada to Virginia. July.
v. v. Flowers large, bright yellow.

9. U. nectario gibboso, laciniis corollae rotundatis, scapo

subunifioro. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 113.

In boggy soil of New Jersey and Carolina. July, v. v. ;
v . s. in Herb. Gronov. Very small $ Bowers yellow.

24. LYCOPUS. Gen.pl. 44. Water-horehound.

1. L. foliis inferioribus incisis, superioribus lanceolatis ser-

ratis, calycibus subspinescenti-acuminatis. Mich.Jli
amer. 1. p. 14. Willd. sp.pl. l.p. 120.

Near rivers and ponds from Canada to Virginia. I/ .
July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white, small, in whorls.

2. L. foliis lato-lanceolatis serratis basi integra angustatis^

calycibus brevissimis muticis. Midi, fi, amer. 1.
p. 14.

/3 foliis sin uato-pinnati fidis.

In wet places from New England to Carolina ; var. jS
in high mountain woods of Virginia. If. . June>
Aug. v. v. Flowers white $ leaves smooth.

3. L. foliis lanceolatis subserratis glabris, stolonibus procum-

bentibus. Vahl. enum. pl. 1. p. 211.

L. uniflorus. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 14.

In Canada. If . Flowers solitary ; stems low.

4. L. foliis lanceolatis remote obtuse serratis. Vahl. enum.

pl. 1. p. 212.

At Hudson’s Bay. Michaux. If. -f.

25. MONARDA. Gen. pl. 48.

1. M. glabriuscula, capitulis magnis proiiferis, bracteis ex-
terioribus coloratis magnis oblongis acuminatis subin-
tegerrimis : calycibus corollisque longis glabriusculis^
foliis lato-ovatis subcordatis acuminatis serratis rugo-
sis : serraturis mucronatis, caule acutangulo glabro.

M. didyma. Willd. sp. pl. l.p. 125.

M. purpurea. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 2 56.

di ANDsi a MONOGYNi a„ Monarda.

M. coccinea. Micli.Ji. amer. 1. p. 16.

Icon. Mill. ic. t. 183./ 1. Bot. mag 546. Oswego tea.
In rivulets on the high mountains of North Carolina.
Michaux. 1/ . June — Sept. v. v . in Hortis. Flow-
ers long, scarlet.

2. M. sparse hirsuta, capitulis magnis simplicibus, bracteis

exterioribus coloratis lanceolatis attenuatis, calycibus
corollisque pubescentibus, corollis longissimis, foliis
oblongis attenuatis serratis undique pilis sparsis hirsu-
tis, caule acutangulo petiolisque ciliato-piloso.

In boggy woods in black rich soil, near Onondaga and
Oswego, New York. 1/ . v.v. ; v . s. spec. Kalmi-
anum in Museo. Banksiano , sub nomine M. didymce
Flowers very long, beautiful crimson ; leaves some-
what fragrant 5 stems double the size of M. didyma.

3. M. glabriuscula, capitulis mediocribus simplicibus, brac-

teis exterioribus oblongis, calycibus glabriusculis, fo-
liis ovatis subcordatis acutis rugosis glabris, nervis
subtus coloratis pilosis, caule acutangulo hirto.

M. rugosa. Ait. kew. ed. 2. 1. p. 51.

In Canada. I/. July— Sept. v. s. in Museo Banksiano .
Flowers small, white.

4. M. glabra, capitulis parvis simplicibus terminalibus,

bracteis exterioribus lato-ovatis acutis integerrimis gla-
briusculis, calycibus brevibus ciliatis, corollis pubes-
centibus tenuibus, foliis ovato- oblongis acuminatis ser-
ratis piiosiusculis, caule obtusangulo glabro.

M. clinopodia. Willd. sp. p!. J. p. 125. exci, syn .
Gronov.

M. glabra. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 2 56 ?

In dry gravelly soil from Canada to Carolina, particularly
on the mountains. 1/ . July— Sept. v. v. Flowers
yellow with purple specks.

The specimen of Gronovius in the Banksian Museum is
Clinopodium incanum.

5. M. glaberrima, capitulis parvis nudiusculis lateralibus

terminalibusque, bracteis exterioribus linearibus cilia-
tis, calycibus pubescentibus ciliatis, corollis brevibus
tenuissimis glabris, foliis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis
serratis glabris, caule obtusangulo glabro.

In the mountains of South Carolina and Virginia, v. v.
v. s. in Herb. Lyon. Flowers yellowish white.

6. M. glabriuscula, capitulis magnis foliosis, bracteis ex-
terioribus magnis coloratis lato-ovatis acuminatis ser-
VOL, I. C

1 7

(

Kalmiana ,

rugosa.

clinopodia .

gracilis .

purpurea .

18

oblongata .

mollis.

fistulosa .

punctata .

Euandria MONOGYNiA. Monarda.

rads, calycibus coloratis fauce barbatis, corollis longis
glabriusculis, foliis ovato oblongis acutis grosse serra-
tis : nervis undique pilosis, caule acutangulo glabro.
M. clinopodia. Vahl. enuvi. pl. 1. p . 218. descriptio,

M. fistulosa var. crimson. Bot. mag. 145.

Icon. Bot. mag. 145.

In the mountains of Virginia. %. July— Sept. v. v . ;
v. s. in Herb. Lambert. Flowers crimson, large.

^ . M. undique hirsuta, capitulis simplicibus, bracteis ex-
terioribus ovatis acutis, calycibus brevibus fauce bar-
batis : dentibus divaricatis, caule obtusanguio superne
hirsuto.

M. oblongata. Ait. kew. ed. 2. 1. p 51.

M. longifolia. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 255.

Frequent in the mountains of Pensylvania and Virginia..
11 . July, August, v. v. Flowers pale purple.

8. M. cano-pubescens, capitulis simplicibus, bracteis ex-

terioribus cordato-ovatis acutis, calycibus brevibus
fauce dense barbatis, corollis hirsutis: galea apice

longissimebarbata, foliis oblongis attenuatis basi rotun-
datis serratis utrinque cano-pubescentibus, caule acu-
tangulo hirsuto.

M. mollis. Lin amcen. acad. 3. p. 399.

M. fistulosa /3. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 124.

M. allophylla. Mick.fi . amer. 1. p. 1 0.

In the mountains of Virginia and Carolina. l/.July—
Sept. v. v. Flowers pale purple.

9. M. villis sparsis hirsuta, capitulis simplicibus proliferis-

que foliosis, bracteis exterioribus oblongis acutis gla-
briusculis, calycibus longis barbatis, corollis hirsutis
mediocribus, foliis ovatis acuminatis serratis, petiolis
longis ciliatis, caule obtusanguio glabro.

M. fistulosa. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 124.

Icon. Mill. icon. t. 122. f. 2.

In hedges and woods, from Canada to Carolina, common.
If.. July — Sept. v.v. Flowers purplish.

10. M. glabriuscula, floribus mediocribus verticillatis, brac-
teis lanceolatis nervosis coloratis verticillo longioribus,
foliis lanceolato-oblongis remote serratis glabris, caule
obtusanguio villoso-canescente.

M. punctata. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 120.

M. lutea. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 1(5.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 24 f. 1. Bot. rep. t. 540.

di andria. MONOGYNf a. Monarda.

In sandy fields from New Jersey to Carolina* }/ , June
—August, v. v. Flowers yellow, punctated.

11. M. hirsuta, floribus parvis verticillatis, bracteis ovatis

glabris venosis ciliatis calycem aequantibus, foliis ova-
to-oblongis attenuatis subsessilibus serratis subpilosis,
caule acutangulo hirsuto.

M, ciliata. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 126.

On slate hills in Virginia and Carolina. I/, June- — Aug.
v. v. Flowers small, blue.

12. M. undique pilis longis albidis hirsutissima, floribus par-

vis verticillatis, bracteis brevissimis oblongis acumina-
tis, calycibus longe aristatis, foliis ovatis acuminatis
serratis longe petiolatis, caule acutangulo hirsuto.

M ciliata. Mich.fi. amer . l.p. 1(3.

In high mountains of North Carolina and Virginia. 7/.
August, v. v . Flowers small, very pale purple.

2(3 SALVIA. Gen. pl. 50. Sage.

1. S. foliis lineari-lanceolatis inferioribus extrorsum serratis

cauleque glabris, calyce pubescente brevissime trifido.
S. azurea. Lam. encycl. 6. p. 625.

S. acuminata. Vent. cels. p. 50.

S. angustifolia. Midi. fi. amer, l.p 15.

S. mexicana. JValt.fi. car. p.65.

Icon. Vent. cels. p. 50.

/3 Lam. encycl . 6 . p. 625.

In open sandy situations of Carolina and Georgia. 7/ .
July — Sept. v. v. Flowers beautiful blue, some-
times white.

2. S. foliis cordatis acutis tomentosis serratis, corollis calyce

duplo longioribus angustioribus. IVilld. sp. pl. 1.
p 141.

Icon. Murr. in com. gcet. 1 773- p. 86. t. 1.

On the banks of rivers in Florida. Tj • July — Sept.

v. v. Flowers scarlet.

3. S. foliis lanceolatis serratis, floribus in racemis termina-

libus oppositis, corollis calyce trifido subaequantibus,
caule brachiato-ramosissimo.

In open plains of the Missouri river. M. Lewis. 0.

v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers small, sky-blue.

Caulis erectus ramosissimus : ramuli tetragoni 4-sulcati.
Folia opposita, brevi-petiolata. Flores oppositi, in ra-
cemis foliosis. Bractece vel folia floralia lineares, lon-
gitudine pediceflorum. Cal. tubulqso-campanulatus,
c 2

19

ciliata.

hirsuta .

azurea .

elata.

coccinea .

trichostem -
moides.

20

urticifolia.

lyrata.

obovata.

DI ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Salvia.

striatus, hispidus. Lab. superius subrotundum, inte»
grum : inferius 2-fidum : laciniis oblongis, acutis.
Corollce labium superius subrotundum, concavum : in-
ferius 3-lobum, laciniis lateralibus brevissimis : inter-
media major, dilatata, undulatimcrenata, Stylus co-
rollae duplo longior. Sem. 3-gona, glabra, venosa.
Habitus Trichostemmce dichotomce.

4. S. villoso-viscosa, foliis ovatis oblongis dentatis, per pe-

tiolum decurrentibus. Vahl. enum. pl. 1. p . 201.
JVilld. sp pl. I. p. 131.

Icon. Moris, hist. 3. s. 11. t. 13. f. 31.

In the mountains of Virginia and Carolina. 1/. July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers blue, viscous.

5. S. foliis radicalibus ly ratis dentatis, corollarum galea

brevissima, caule subaphyllo retrorsum piloso. Vahl.
enum. pl. 1. p . 2 57. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 128.

Icon. Moris, hist. 3. s. 11. t. 13 f 2 7.

/3 foliis obovatis repando-dentatis.

Icon. Dill. ellh. 219. t. 1 75./ 21 6.

In meadows from Canada to Carolina. 1J. . May. v. v.
Flowers blue.

A number of varieties are comprehended under this spe-
cies, which probably may prove to be distinct species.
In the Banksian Museum, among the plants of Gro-
noviuSj is one of those under the name of S. verbe-
naca.

canadensis .

cordata,

ovata.

scabra .

2/. COLLINSONIA. Gen. pl. 51. Horse- weed.

1. C. foliis lato-cordato-ovatis, glabris, calycis * dentibus

brevi-subulatis, panicula terminalis composita.

C. canadensis. Willd sp. pl. 1. p. 152.

Icon. Linn. hort. cliff. 14. t . 5.

/8 foliis lato-cordatis, superioribus integerrimis.
y foliis ovatis basi attenuatis omnibus serratis.

In shady woods, rocky rich soil from Canada to Carolina.
1/ . July — Sept. v. v.; var. (3 v. s. in Herb. Lambert .
Flowers yellow, large.

2. C, foliis minoribus ovatis sub-cordatispilosiusculis, calycis

dentibus brevi-subulatis, panicula terminalis simpli-
ciuscula, caule pilosovscabro.

C. scabriuscula. Ait. kew. ed. 2. 1 . p. 66.

C. praecox. Walt.jl. car. p. 65.

In Carolina and Florida. 1/ . July — Sept, v s. in Museo
Banks. Flowers small, reddish-yellow.

DiANDRiA MONOGYNiA. Collinsonia.

21

In the collection of Mr. Lyons is a specimen, nearly al-
lied to the present one, with larger flowers and four
stamina.

3. C. foliis oblongo-ovalibus utrinque subacutis glabris,
petiolis longissimis, calycis dentibus brevissimis, pani-
cula terminalis simplex nudiuscula, caule glabro.

In South Carolina. Fraser. I/ . Aug. v. s. in Heri .
Lambert . Flowers very small, yellow.

4. C. foliis subrbombeo-ovalibus utrinque acutis glabris,

calycis dentibus setaceis tubo longioribus, panicula
composita foliosa, caule ramoso subvilloso.

C. tuberosa. Mich Ji amer. 1. p. 1/.

C. serotina. Walt.Jl. car. p 65.

In shady wet woods of Carolina. 1/ . Sept. Flowers
small, yellow ?

5. C. foliis ovatis cordatis rugosis glabriusculis, nervis sub-

tus pubescentibus, calycis dentibus linearibus tubum
subaequantibus, panicula composita foliosa pubescente,
floribus tetrandris, caule ramoso pubescente.

Icon. Bot . mag. t. 1213.

In the mountains of Georgia. Lyon . If. July, Aug.
v. v. Flowers large, pale yellow.

28. CIRCiEA. Gen.pl. 31. Enchanter’s nightshade.

1. C. caule erecto, foliis ovatis denticulatis opacis glabrius-

culis. Fahl. enum. pl. 1. p. 301.

Icon. Engl. bot, 1056 ?

In shady woods from Canada to Carolina. If. . June,
July v . v. Flowers small, reddish white.

2. C. caule adscendente, foliis cordatis dentatis nitidis, ca-

lyce membranaceo. Fahl. enum. pl. 1. p. 301.

Icon. Engl. bot . 1057*

In high mountain woods, on rotten trees and rocks, from
Canada to Carolina. If . July, Aug. v v. Smaller,
very smooth ; flowers reddish-white.

29. CERATIOLA. Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. 221.

1. Ceratiola. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 712. Mich. 1. c . p. 222.
In gravelly dry soil of Georgia and Florida; in great
plenty on the Islands in the mouth of St. Mary’s Ri-
ver. Tj . v. v. s.fl. ; v. s. c.Jl. in Herb. Fraser.

Leaves verticillate 5 flowers very small ; resembles a
Heath very much.

ovalis .

tuberosa .

anis at a

lutetiana :
canadensis,,

alpina .

ericoides*.

22

EUANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

porulosa .

ligustrina.

acuminata .

minor»

gilla.

polyrkiza .

30. BORYA. Willd. sp.plA.p.JU.

1. B, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusis sessilibus coriaceis,

margine revolutis subtus punctatis. Willd . /. e.

Adelia porulosa. Mich.fi. amer. 2. p. 224.

On the coast of Georgia and Florida. 12-

2. B. foliis ovato-lanceolatis acutis subsessilibus submem»

Iranaceis. Willd. 1. c.

Adelia ligustrina. Mich . L c.

In woods on river-sides in the Illinois country. Tj .
July, Aug. v. s. in Herb. Lyon.

3. B. foliis ovato-lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis petiolatis

membranaceis serrulatis. Willd. 1. c.

Adelia acuminata. Mich. 1. c. p. 225.

Icon. Mich. L c. t. 48.

On banks of rivers in Carolina and Georgia. Tj . v. s.
in Herb. Lyon.

31. LEMNA. Gen. pi, 1400. Duck -weed.

/ i. L. foliis ellipticis utrinque planis basi cohaerentibus, ra-
dicibus solitariis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1 Q5.

Icon. Engl. bot. t. 10 Q5.

In ditches and stagnant waters, common. ©.June,
July. v.v. Floating 5 flowers exceeding small.

2. L, foliis ellipticis subtus bullato-convexis basi cohaeren-

tibus, radicibus solitariis. Willd. I. c.

Icon. Engl. bot. t. 1233.

In similar situations, rare. ©• June, July, v.v.c.fl.
Observed near Liverpool in the western part of New
York State.

3. L, foliis ellipticis planis basi cohaerentibus, radicibus fas-

ciculatis Willd . sp.pl. 4 . p. 195.

Icon. Vail. par. i. 20./. 2.

Common in ditches, &c. ©.July, Aug. v.v, s. fi .

III. TRIANDRXA,

I. MONOGYNIA.

* Flores superi, completi*

32. VALERIANA. Cor. 1 -petala, saepe calcarata. Sem.

calyce corticatum, coronatum.

33. FED I A. Cal. 3-4-den tatus. Cor. 5-fida. Caps ,

coronata, 3-locularis : loculamento 1. fertili.

**' Flores superi, incompleti.

34. TR1PTERELLA. Cor. 6-fida : laciniis alternis mi-

nutis 5 tubo basi ventricoso.

35. IXIA. Cor . 6-partita, patens, aequalis tubo recto.

36. IRIS. Cor. 6-partita : petalis alternis reflexis, alter»

nis conniventibus. Stigm. 3. petaliformia.

37. DILATRiS. Cor. 6-petaloidea, hirsuta. Stigm. 3 -fi-

dum.

38. SISYRINCHIUM. Spatha. Petala 6. plana. Fil»

connata.

*** Flores inferi.

3 9. BOERHAVIA, Cal. tubulosus. Cor. 1-petala.

Sem. l.

40. COMMELINA. Cal. 3-phyllus. Cor. 3-petala,

Nectar . staminiforme. Caps. 3-locularis.

41. SYENA. Cal. 3-phyllus. Cor. 3-petala. Caps. 1-

locularis, 3-valvis.

42. HETERANTHERA. Spatha 1 -flora. Cor. tubu-

losa : limbo 6-partito : laciniis subaequalibus. Stigm .
tubulosum.

43. SERPICULA. Spatha 1-flora. Cor. tubulosa : lim-

bo 6-partito : laciniis aequalibus. Stigm. 3. ligulata.

44. XYRIS. Cal. cartilagineo. glumaceus, 3-valvis. Cor .

3-petala. Caps. 1-locularis, 3-valvis.

TRIANDRIA.

**** plores glumacei.

45. SPARGANIUM. Amentum subrotundum. Cal. 3-

phyllus. Cor. 0. Stigm. 2-fidum. Drupa 1-sperma.
Monoicum.

46. TYPHA. Amentum cylindricum. Cal. obsoletus.

Sem. 1. pedicellatum basi papposum. Monoicum.
4J. CAREX. Amentum imbricatum. Cal. squama.
Stigm. 2-3. Semen tunicatum, 3-quetrum. Mo-
noicum.

48. SCLERIA. Cal. gluma 2— 6-valvis, Stigm . 1—3.

Nux colorata subglobosa. Monoicum.

4 g. ZEA. Cal. gluma 2-flora, 2- valvis. Spadix sim-
plex, cylindricus : gluma 2-valvis, 1 -flora. Sem.
subrotundum. Monoicum.

50. KYLLINGIA. Flores distincti, in spicam subimbri-

cati. Cal. 2- valvis, 1 -florus. Cor. 2-valvis, calyce
major. Stylus bifidus.

51. MAPANIA. Flores capitati. Cal. 6-valvis. Cor. 0.

Sem. 1.

52. DICHROMENA. Cal. squamae in spicam undique

imbricatae, inferiores vacuae. Cor. 0. Styl. basi
persistens. Seine 0.

53. SCHCENUS. Cal. squamae in spicam fasciculatae,

inferiores vacuae. Cor. 0. Styl. deciduus.

54- RYNCHOSPORA. Cal. squamae in spicam fascicu-
latae, inferiores vacuae. Cor. 0. Styl. basi persis-
tens. Seine basi seminis,

55. FJMBRXSTYLIS. Cal. squamae in spicam undique

imbricatae. Cor. 0. Stylus basi bulbosus, ciliatus,
deciduus.

56. CYPERUS Cal. squamae in spicam distiche imbri-

catae. Cor. 0. Styl. deciduus.

57. DULICHIUM. Cal. squamae inspicam distiche im-

bricatae : spiculis racemosis, ex axillis foliorum.
Cor. 0. Stylus longissimus, 2-fidus.

58. SCIRPUS. Cal. squamae in spicam undique imbri-

catae. Cor. 0. Styl filiformis, imberbis, deciduus.
Sem. I. nudum s. setulis cinctum.

59. TRICHOPHORUM. Cal. squamae in spicam un-

dique imbricatae. Cor. 0. Styl. deciduus. Sem.
setis (6—9) longissimis calyculatum.

60. ERIOPHORUM. Cal. squamae in spicam undique

imbricatae. Cor. 0. Sem. lana longissima calycu-
latum.

61. VAGIN ARI A. Cal. squamae in spicam undique im-

TRIANDRIA,

25

bricatse. Stigm. 3. Seminis involucellam alterna-
ti m tripaleaceum et triset am.

62. FUIRENA. Cal. squamae mucronatae in spicam un-

dique imbricatae. Sem. involucellum latum, paleae -
forme, saepius aristatum.

63. MARISCUS. Fiores distincti, in spicam subtmbri-

cati. Cal. 2-valvis, subtrifiorus. Corollulce I -val-
ves, inferior superiorem amplectens. Styl. 3-fidus.

64. MIEGIA. Cal. multiflorus, 2-valvis. Cor. 2-valvis,

mutica. Appendices bini, lato-lanceolati. Stigm. 3.
Sem. nudum, maximum.

65. LIMNETIS. Spica lateriflora : flosculis subbifariam

imbricatis. Cal. 2-valvis : valv. altera minore. Cor .
2-valv. mutica, compressa, carinata. Styl. longus.

66. CENCHRUS. Involucr. laciniatum, echinatum, 3-

4 florum. Cal. 2-valvis, 2-florus. Cor. 2-valvis,
mutica. Styl. 2-fidus,

67. ORYZOPSIS. Cal. 2-valvis, i dforus. Cor. 2 val-

vis : exteriore aristata. Nectar 2-pbyllum.

II. DIGYNIA.

* Flores uniflori, vagi.

68. ZIZANIA. Cal. O. Cor. 2-valvis : valva exteriore

aristata. Stam. 6. Monoicum.

69. MUHLENBERG! A. Cal. minutissimus, 3 -valvis.

Cor. 2-valvis, basi pilosa: valv. exteriore apice aris-
tata.

70. TRICHODIUM. Cal. 2-valvis : valvis subaequalibus

acutis. Cor. l-valvis, brevior, mutica. Stigm. sub-
sessilia.

71. LEERSIA. Cal. 0. Cor. 2-valvis, clausa: valv.

compressis, muticis.

72. MILIUM. Cal. 2-valvis : valvis ventricosis, corolla

majoribus, subaequalibus. Cor. 2-valv. brevissima.
Stig?n. villosa.

73. AGROSTIS. Cal. 2-valvis : valvis acutis corolla bre-

vioribus. Cor. 2-valvis.

74. ANTHOXANTHUM. Cal. 2-valvis. Cor. 2-valvis,

acuminata, aristata. Stam. 2.

75. PHALARIS. Cal. 2-valvis : valvis carinatis, aequa-

libus. Cor. 2-valvis, inclusa, basi pilosa.

76. PHLEUM. Cal. 2-valvis, truncatus, mucronatus,

sessilis. Cor. inclusa.

77* ALOPECURUS. Cal. 2-valvis. Cor. l-valvis, aris-
tata. Spica .

2 6

TR1 ANDJR2A

78. PANICUM. Cal. 3-valvis : valvula tertia dorsali mi-
nima. Cor . 2-valvis.

7Q. DIGITARIA. Cal. 2-3 -valvis, concavus. Cor. 2-
valvis,oblongo-ovata, teres, rnutica. Nectar, tissum.
Spicee digitatae : flores gemini.

SO. CYNOBON. Cal. 2-valvis, patens, lanceolatus. Cor.
major, 2-valvis : valv. exteriore maxima ovoidea.
Nectar . truncatum. Spicee digitatae : floribus soli-
tariis.

81. PASPALUM. Cal, 2-valvis : valvis subrotundis, fi-

gura corollae. Flores unilaterales.

82. AIUSTIDA. Cal. 2-valvis. Cor. 1-valvis: aristis

tribus terminalibus.

S3. STIPA. Cal. 2-valvis. Cor. 2-valvis : valvis involu-
tis truncatis. Arista terminalis, basi contorta, lon-
gissima.

84. SACCHARUM. Cal. 2-valvis : valvis basi villis den-

sis involucrata. Cor. 2-valvis : valva interiore longe
aristata. Monandra.

85. ANDROPOGON. Flores gemini : altero masculo.

Cal. 2-valvis. Cor. 3-valvis : valv. secunda minore
aristata, tertia intima minuta. Recept. plerumque
villosum. Involucrum villis fasciculatis.

** Flores li flori , vagi.

80. ATHEROPOGON. Cal. 1-valvis, biflorus. Cor.
2-valvis : valvula exteriore 3-aristata. Polygamum.

87. TRISETUM. Cal. 2-3 -florus, acuminatus, cari-

natus. Cor. aristis 2. terminalibus, 1. dorsali recta
nec contorta, flosc. glabris.

88. ANTHISTIRIA. Cal. 4-valvis, 2— 4-flora. Cor.

2-valvis. Arista tortilis e fundo corollae. Polyga-
mum.

89. A1RA. Cal . 2-valvis. Cor . 2-valvis. Flosculi abs-

que rudimento tertii.

90. MELICA. Cal. 2 valvis, coloratus, obtusus. Cor.

2* valvis, ventricosa. Rudimentum tertii inter flores.

91. HOLCUS. Cal. 2 valvis. Cor. minor : valv. altera

aristata Nectar. 2- parti tum. Polygamum.

92. SORGHUM. Flores gemini : altero pedicellato,

masculo. Cal. 2-valvis. Cor . 3-valvis: valv. se-
cunda aristata, tertia nectaria villosa connectens.
Polygamum.

TRIANDRIA.

2;

jriores multiflori , vagi.

93. POA. Cal. 2-valvis. Spicula ovata mutica : valvulis
margine scariosis,

g4. BRIZA. Cal. 2-valvis. Spiculce distichae : valvulis
ventricosis, cordatis, obtusis : interiore minuta.

95. UNIOLA. Cal. multi valvis. Spiculce ancipites

ovatae : valvulis muticis, interiore minore, intra ex-
teriorem recumbente.

96. FESTUCA. Cal 2-valvis. Spicula oblonga, tere-

tiuscula : valvulis mucronatis.

97. DACTYLIS. Cal. 2-valvis, carinatus : valvula altera

longiore. Cor. 2-valvis. Spic. aggregatae.

98. BROMUS. Cal. 2 valvis. Spicula oblonga, disti-

cha . arista infra apicem saepius bifidum.

99 KOELERIA. Cal. 2-valvis, compresso-carinatus.

Cor. 2-valvis, brevi-aristata : glumis nervosis.

TOO. AVENA. Cal. .2 valvis : arista dorsali, contorta.

101. ARUNDO. Cal. 2-valvis, glaber. Cor. lana cincta

**** Flores spicati : receptaculo subulato.

102. ELEUSINE. Spicee digitatae. Flor, secundi, mutici.

Cal. multiflorus. Cor. 2-valvis, mutica.

103. CHLORIS. Spica digitata, unilateralis. Cal. 2-val-

vis, 2 — 6- florus : valv. carinatae muticae aut aristatae.
Polygamum.

104. ROTTBOELLIA. Rachis articulata, teretiuscula.

Cal ovato-lanceolatus, planus, uni- vel bivalvis. Cor .
minor, 2 valvis. Flosc, alterni in rachi flexuoso.
Polygamum.

105. TRIPS ACUM. Mas. Cal. gluma 2-flora, exteriore

masculo. Cor. gluma membranacea. Fem. Cal.
gluma 1 -flora, involucro tecto monophyllo, sinubus
perforato. Cor. gluma 2-valvis.

106. ELYMUS. Cal. involucriformis 4-phyllus, lateralis,

2-valvis, aggregato ternus multiflorus.

107. HORDEUM. Cal. 1-2-flarus, hexaphyllus, invo-

lucriformis. Flosc. terni, intermedio sessili, latera-
libus stipitatis. Cor. 2-valvis.

108. SECALE. CaL oppositus, 2-valvis, aut multiflorus,

solitarius.

109. TRITICUM. Cal. 2-valvis, solitarius, multiflorus.

Floribus obtusiuscnlis»

TRIANDRIA.

28

III. TRIGYNlA.

310. HOLOSTEUM. Cor. 5-petaIa. Cal. 5-phyllus.
Caps, apice dehiscens.

111. POLYCARPON. Cor. 5-petala. Cal. 5-phyllus.

Caps. 3 -valvis.

112. LECHEA. Cor. 3 -petala. Cal. 5-phyllus. Caps. 3-

cocca.

113. ERIOCAULON. Cor. 3 -petala. Cal. compositus.

Sem. l. coronatum corolla.

114. MOLLUGO. Cor. 0. Cal. 5-phyllus. Caps. 3-lo-

cularis.

1 15. PROSERPINACA. Cor. 0. Cal. 3-partitus. Nur

3-locularis, infera.

IV. POLYGYNIA.

116. EMPETRUM. Cal. 3— -5-part. Cor. 3- petala. Slyl 9*

Bac. 9-sperma.

I. MO NOGYNIA .

pauciflora.

32. VALERIANA. Gen. pi. 60.

3 . V. foliis radicalibus pinnatis, caulinis ternatis ■ foliolis
ovalibus acutis serratis, paniculis laxis paucifloris.
Mich.fi. amer. 3 . p. 18.

In shady woods on the Allegany mountains : Ten-
nassee. 1/. June, July. v.v. Flowers white.

radiata.

33. FEDIA. Gcert, de fr. et sem. 2. p. 3 6.

1, F. foliis spathulato-oblongis subintegris, fructu pubes-
cente subtetragono apice nudo. Mich. fi. amer. l.
p. 3 8.

Valeriana locusta radiata. Linn. sp. pl. 48.

In fields from Pensylvania to Carolina; very plentifully
in Virginia. © . June, July. v.v.

capitata.

34. TRiPTERELLA. Mich.fl.- amer. l.p. ip.

1. Tripterella. Mich. 1. c .

Anonymos capitatus. Walt. fi. car. 68.

thiandria MONOGYNiA. Tripterella. 2 g

Vogelia capitata. Gmel. sysl. not. 2. p. 107«

Icon. Mich.l.c.t. 3.

In wet places, borders of ponds, &c. in Lower Carolina.

O. May — July. v. v. Stem filiform ; flowers white,
in a small head.

35. IXIA. Gen.pl. 76.

1, I. foliis lineari-subulatis scapo unifloro multoties bre- coelestina
viore. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 200.

Icon. Bartr. it. 152. t. 3.

Found by Mr. W. Bartram in South Carolina and Geor-
gia. i/ . Flowers bright blue.

36. IRIS. Gen.pl.Q7 . Flag.

1. I. barba cristata, caule brevissimo compresso subuni- cristata .

floro, foliis gladiatis longitudine florum, laciniis corol-
larum aequalibus.

I. cristata. Ait . kew.ed. 2. 1 .p. 11 7- Willd. sp.pl 1.
p. 225.

I. virginiana pumila. Pluk. aim. 108. t. 1Q6.J 6.

Icon. Bot. mag. 412. Ladies' Calamus.

On the banks of rivers in rocky situations in the moun-
tains of Virginia and Carolina. 2/ . May. v . v. Flow-
ers blue, handsomely crested with yellow.

The roots of this species when chewed are very remark-
able ; they at first occasion a pleasant sweet taste,
which in a few minutes turns to a burning sensation,
by far more pungent than Capsicum. The hunters of
Virginia, notwithstanding those properties, use it very
frequently to alleviate thirst.

2. L imberbis, caule ancipiti multifloro foliis altiore, fo- virginica

liis ensiformibus, stigmatibus petalis interioribus brevi-
oribus, capsulis oblongis : angulis sulcatis.

I. virginica. Willd. sp. pl- 1. p. 232.

I. hexagona. Walt.Jl. car. 66.

Icon. Bot. mag. /03. Jacq. ic . rar. 2. t. 223. DHL
elth. t- L 55. f 188.

On river sides and near ponds from New York to Florida.

2/. June, July. v. v. Flowers beautiful purple,
with the bottom of the outside petals yellow.

3. I. imberbis, caule tereti flexuoso folia aequante, foliis versicolor .

ensiformibus, stigmatibus petalis interioribus aequan-
tibus, capsulis ovatis : angulis obtusis.

I. versicolor. Willd . sp. pl. 1. p . 233.

3Q

TRI ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Iris.

cuprea ,

Icon. JBof. wag 21. Dill.elth. t. 155. f, 187 .

Very common in wet places, and on the banks of ditches
from Canada to Carolina. 1/. June, July. v. v.
Flowers purple, stigmata white.

4. I. imberbis, caule tereti flexuoso folia aequante, foliis
lato-ensiformibus, stigmatibus linearibus brevibus,
petalis omnibus reflexis emarginatis obovatis, interiori-
bus brevioribus, capsulis magnis hexagonis.

On the banks of the Mississippi near New Orleans ; dis-
covered by Mr. Enslen, Collector to the Prince Lich-
tenstein of Austria. 7/ . July. v. v. Flowers of a
beautiful copper colour, veined with purple.

tridental a.

5. I. imberbis, caule tereti foliis longiore, foliis ensiformi-
bus, rudimentis petalorum interiorum tridentatis, den-
ticulo medio acuminato, capsulis trigonis.

I. tripetala. Walt.Jl . car. 66.

On the sea shore of Lower Carolina. Walter. 7/.
Flowers blue, with purple veins.

verna .

6. I. imberbis, acaulis, uniflora, foliis longissimis gramineis
glaucis, tubo longissimo, petalis subaequalibus, capsulis
subrotundis ad terram sessilibus.

I. verna. Willd. sp . pL . 1 . p. 23 5. exci, syn, Pluk .

On high mountains of Virginia and Kentucky ; plenti-
fully on the Cacapoon mountains near Winchester.
7 1. April, May. v.v. Flowers pale blue, striped
with purple.

silirica .

7. 1. imberbis, caule fistuloso tereti foliis altiore subtrifloro,
foliis linearibus $ capsulis abbrevlato-trigonis utrinque
obtusis.

i. sibirica. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. TSJ.

Icon. Bot.mag. 50. Jacq.austr, 1 .t. 3.

On the banks of the Missouri. M. Leivis. 7/. July,
v. v. \ v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers blue.

prismatica.

8. I. imberbis, caule solido tereti folia aequante, foliis an-
gustissimis longis, capsulis elongato- prismaticis utrin-
que acutis.

In deep swamps of New Jersey, near Egg harbour. 7/ .
July. v. v. Flowers pale purple.

tinctona .

37. DILATRIS. Gen . pl 82.

1 . D. petalis lanceolatis extus villosis, panicula corymbosa
tomentosa, foliis longis nudis linearibus.

D. caroliniana, Lam. illustr. 1. p. 12J.

TRIANDRIA MONOGYNI A. Dilatris.

31

Anonymos tinctoria. Walt.fi. car. 68.

Heritiera Gmelini. Mich fi. amer. 1. p. 21.

Icon. Mick.fi. amer. 1, t. 4.

In sandy swamps of New Jersey, and from Carolina to
Florida. 1/ . June, July. v. v. Root red ; stem and
corymb very tomentose ; petals yellow inside.

38. SISYRINCHIUM. Gen.pl. 1101.

1. S. foliis scapisque simplicibus subsefaceis, spatha colo-

rata : valva altera in mucronem longum desinente.
Pers. ench. 2. p. 50. Mich.fi amer. 2. p . 33.

In wet meadows of short grass in Pensylvania and Virgi-
nia. 11 . June, July. v. v. Flowers beautiful blue,
smaller than the following species.

2. S. scapo simplici alato, spathis inaequalibus flores supe-

rantibus. Pers. ench. 2. p. 50 Cav diss. 6. p. 345.
S. gramineum. Lam encycl. I. p. 408.

Icon. Bot. mag. 464. Cav. I. c. t. 190 . f 2.

On dry hills and grass plots from Canada to Carolina.
11. July, Aug. v.v. Flowers blue.

39. BOERHAVIA. Gen.pl. 13.

1. R. caule tetragono glabro, internodiis viscosis, floribus
corymboso-paniculatis. Willd.sp.pl. 1 . p. 19.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 22 6. f. 7.

On the sea-coast of Carolina and Florida. 1/. July.
v.v. $ v. s. in Herb. Walter.

40. COMMELINA. Gen. pi. 86.

1. C. foliis lineari-lanceolatis glabris, vaginis subciliatis,

involucris cordatis conduplicatis. Vahl. enum. pi. 2.
p. 165. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 24.

In sandy woods of Carolina. 7/, July. v.v. Flowers
in this as well as all the following species sky-blue.

2. C. foliis lanceolatis petiolatis cauleque erecto- pilosis con-

duplicatis, involucris lateralibus terminalibusque sessi-
libus. VahL enum. pi. 2. p. 166.

C. longifolia. Mich fi. amer. l.p. 23.

In shady rocky situations in Virginia and Carolina. 1/ .
July. v.v. Stems long, branchy.

3. C. foliis lanceolatis subpetiolatis supra glabris, vaginis

subpubescentibus, caule erecto simplici. Vahl. enum.
pl. 2. p . 167. Willd . sp . pl 1, p. 251.

mucronatum.

anceps .

erecta .

angustifolia .

hirtella .

virginica.

32

communis .

erecta .

jluvia tills.

acuta .

limosa.

graminea.

triandria MONOGYNiA. Commelina.

Id shady woods from Pensylvania to Carolina. 1/ . July,
Aug. v. Flowers large.

4» C, foliis ovato-lanceolatis subsessilibus acutis cauleque
repente glabris, involucris cordatis conduplicatis. Vahl.
enum. pl 2. p. i/O. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 24Q.

Icon. DHL elth. t. 78. f. 89.

C. caroliniana, Walt.fi . car. 68.

In sandy fields in Carolina. Walter. If . July. v. s. in
Herb . Walter.

5. C. foliis ovato-lanceolatis scabris, involucris cucullatis
turbinatis, caule erecto. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 1/2.
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 251.

C. communis. Walt.Jl. car. 68.

Icon. DHL elth. t. 77* fi $8 ?

In sandy shady places in Virginia and Carolina.- 1/ . July.
v. v. Fet. 2. large.

41. SYENA. Gen.pl. 88.

1. Syena. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 254.

Mayaca fluviatilis, /lull. guj. 1 . p. 42.

Icon. Aubl. guj. I. c . t. 15. Lam. illustr. 1. t. 36
In small rivulets of Virginia and Carolina. I/ . July,
v. v. Flowers white, solitary, small.

42. HETERANTHERxV Beauvais in act. sac. amer. 4 .

1. H. foliis subrotundo-reniformibus acutis, spathis subtri-

floris glabris. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 42. Willd. in
act . soc. ani. h. nat . 3. p. 438.

Leptanthus reniformis. Mich.fi. amer, l.p.25 .

Icon. Beauvais in act. soc. amer. 4. p . 173. H. reni-
formis.

In small rivulets and ditches, on a clay soil, in Pensylva-
n a, Virginia, &c. I/ . June, July. v.v. Flowers
white j leaves floating.

2. H. foliis ovato-oblongis, spathis lanceolatis unifloris.

Vahl. enum . pl. 2. p. 44.

Pontederia limosa. Swartz.fi. ind. occid. 1. p. 6ll.
Leptanthus ovalis. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 25.

Icon. Mich. 1. c . t. 5.f. I. Sloan, hist. 1. t. 14 Q.fi. 1.
On the banks of rivers and small rivulets in the south-
western parts of the United States l/.July. v. s.
Flowers blue ; leaves erect.

3. H. foliis omnibus linearibus. Vahl. enum. pl 2. p. 45.
Leptanthus gramineus. Mich.fi. amer l.p.25 «
Commelina dubia. Jacq . obs. hot . 3. p . 9.

33

TRXANDRiA MONOGYNiA. Heteranthera.

Anonymos aquatica graminifoiia, Clayt.num 814.
Icon. Mich.Ji. amer. 1 t. 5.f. 2. jacq. I c. t. 59.
Floating, in the waters of Pensylvania, Virginia, &c. 3/ .
July. v. v. ; v s. in Herb. Gronov. Flowers yellow.

43. SERPICULA. Gen.pl 1413.

1. S. floribus triandris hermaphroditis, stigmatibfis ligulatis
reflexis bifidis, foliis ternatis linearibus acutis.

Elodea canadensis. Mich.fi. amer. 1 . p. 20.

In stagnant waters, frequent ; from Canada to Virginia.
3/ . July. v. v. Flowers very small and delicate,
white ; leaves when magnified very finely serrulate.
Michaux describes the leaves to be oblong and obtuse,
which is only the case in the early part of the season :
at flowering time they certainly are long, linear, and
acute.

44. XYRIS. Gen.pl. 89.

1. X. foliis longissime-gramineis scapisque tortuosis* capi-
*. tulo globoso : squamis subrotundis obtusis.

X. indica. Willd. sp. pl, 1. p . 254 ?

Icon. Pluk. aim. t AiQ.f. 4 ?

In overflowed meadows and small ponds : Pensylvania to
Virginia. 3/ . June, July. v. v. Flowers yellow.

2. X. foliis lineari-gramineis, scapo ancipiti, capitulo ovato

acuto : squamis obtusis.

X. caroliniana. Lam. illusir. 1. p. 132. Walt. Ji. car. 6g,
X. Jupicai. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 23.

In low grassy fields, in sandy soil, from New Jersey to
Florida. If.. June — Aug. v. v. Heads small |

flowers yellow $ it is extremely variable*

3. X. foliis subulato-gladiatis, scapo tereti, capitulo globo-

so. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 23.

In low meadows of Lower Carolina and Georgia. 3/.
July. v. s. The smallest species ; flowers yellow.

45. SPARGANXUM. Gen.pl. 1402. Bur-reed.

i. S. foliis basi triquetris lateribus concavis, pedunculo
communi ramoso, stigmate lineari. Smith, brit, 3.
p. 961. IHilld. sp. pl. 4. p. J99.

S. erectum. Sp. pl. 1378.

Icon. Curt. land. 5. t,66. Engl lot. /44»

VOL. I, P

occidentalis^

indica.

caroliniana ,

lremfoliaa

ramosum.

34

simplex.

natans .

angustifoli-

um.

latifolia .

angustifolia .

scirpoidea.

sterilis .

triandria MONOGYNiA. Sparganium.

In ditches and ponds from Canada to Virginia, rare. 1/ .
July, August, i?. v. Flowers in round heads, white.

2. S. foliis basi triquetris lateralibus planis, pedunculo com-

muni simplici, stigmate lineari. Smith, brit. 3. p 96 2.
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 199.

S. erectum (3. Sp. pl. 1378.

Icon. Curt. lond. 5. t. 67 . Engl. Lot. 745.

In similar situations with the former • more frequent.
11 . July, Aug. v.v.

3. S. foliis decumbentibus planis, pedunculo communi sim-

plici, stigmate ovato brevissimo, capitulo masculino
subsolitario. Smith, brit. 3. p. 962. Willd. sp.pl. 4.
p. 200.

Icon. Engl. lot. 2 73. FI. dan. 26‘0.

|8. S. foliis planis angustissimis, caulem longissime superan-
tibus, debiliter fluitantibus. Mich.fi. amer. 2 .p. I89.
In rivulets of Canada, and very frequent on the outlets of
the small lakes of New York. I/. Aug. v. v.
Floating ; heads small.

46. TYPHA. Gen. pl. 1401. Cat’s-tail. Reed-mace.

1. T. foliis linearibus planis, spica mascula femineaque ap-

proximatis, utraque cylindrica. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 197.
Icon. Bot. mag. 1455. FI. dan. 645. Coopers-reed .

In marshes and pools very common. % . July, Aug.
v. v. Flowers in a long cylindrical spike.

2. T. foliis linearibus canaliculatis, spica mascula feminea-

que remotis, utraque cylindrica. Willd. sp. pl. 4 .
p. 198.

Icon. Bot. mag. 1456.

In similar situations, only more rare. Pensyivania and
Virginia. 1/ , July, Aug. v. v .

4 7- CAREX. Gen. pl. 1407- Sedge-grass.

A. Stigmatibus Unis.
f Spicis dioicis.

1. C. spica solitaria imbricato-cylindrica, capsulis dense pu-

bescentibus, foliis planis. Mich.fi. amer. 2. p. 17 1 •
Near Hudson’s Bay. Mich. % . + .

2. C. spicis subsenis, fructibus ovatis compresso-triquetris

acuminatis, apice recurvis bicuspidalis, margine ci-
liato-serratis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 208.

v/^

35

TRIAttDRfA MONOGYNIA. CareX.

Icon. Schk. car . t. Mmm.f. 14 6. .

* In wet meadows ; frequent from Canada to Virginia,
I/ . May. v. v.

m

f f Spicis androgynis. «

* Spica unica apice mascula.

3. C. spicis in formam ellipticam aggregatis, fructibus ova-

tis compressis bilidis marginatis superne ciliato- serran-
tis. IVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 220.

C. typhina. Mich. Ji. amer. 2. p. 169.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Hhh.f. 133.

In shady woods : Pensylvania, Virginia, &c. % . June.

if. v.

** Spicis pluribus apice masculis.

4. C. spiculis alternis confertis, superioribus masculis, in-

ferioribus femineis., intermediis apice masculis, cap-
sulis ovatis marginatis bifidis ciliato-serratis, culmo in-
curvo. IVilld . sp. pl, 4. p. 223.

Icon. Schk. car. t. B. Dd.f. 6. Host. gram. 1. t. 49.
On the sea-coast in loose sands j New York to Virginia.
}/. June, July. v.v.

5. C. spiculis oblongis alternis remotiusculis sessilibus, cap-

sulis oblongis acuminatis rostratis bicuspidalis, squamis
oblongis mucronatis. Schk. car. 2 . p. 8. Willd. sp.
pl. 4. p. 258.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Xxx.f. 1 J6.

In dry fields and woods. I/ . May. v. v.

6. C. spiculis subquaternis ' remotiusculis, fructibus ovatis

bidentatis margine glabris refiexo-patentibus, squamis
oblongo-lanceolatis. Schk. car. 2. p. 11.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Kkk.f. 140.

On dry hills : Pensylvania, &c. 1/ . v.v.

J . C. spiculis subquinis oblongis aggregatis, fructibus paten-
tibus ovatis acuminatis bicuspidatis convexo-planis ner-
vosis, culmo triquetro asperrimo. IVilld. sp. pl. 4.
p. 233.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Hhh.f. 132.

In bogs and swamp meadows : New England toVirginia.
I/ . June. v. v.

S. C. spiculis ovatis approximatis, fructibus horizontalibus
ovatis plano-convexis bidentatis, basi marginatis, mar-
gine ciliato-serratis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 234.

Icon. Schk. car. t. E. Dd.f. 22.

cephalopho «
ra .

arenaria.

IromoideSa

retroflexa,

stipata .

muricata .

35

TEI ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Ckrex.

Muhlen •
hergii.

multiflora .

Sparganioi-
des .

divulsa .

rosea*

pankulata.

leporina .

In wet woods and meadows : New York, &c. 7/ . MafV
June, 2>. v.

C. spiculis subquinis ovatis alternis approximatis, fruc-
tibus subrotu do-ovatis marginatis compressis biden-
tatis ciliato-serratis, squamis mucronatis. Willd. sp .

4. p. 23 1 .

C. vulpinoidea. Mich.Jl amer. 2. p. 169.

Icon. car. t. Yyy.f. 1 78.

On dry hills and in barren woods. 7/ . May, June. v. v .

10. C. spicis anguste paniculatis oblongis ob usis, fructibus

ovatis acum natis bicuspidalis, squamis ovatis mucro-
natis bracteis foliaceis filiformibus. Willd. sp.pl. 4.
p. 243.

Icon. iScM. car. /. Lll. f. 144.

In wet meadows : Pensylvania, Virginia, &c. 7/. v.v.

11. C. sp culis multifloris suboctonis ovatis subapproximatis^

fructibus ovatis compressis marginatis bifidis margine
ciliato-serratis horizontalibus. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 237-
Icon. Schk. car. t. Lll.f 142.

On the edges of ponds : New England, Pensylvania,
&c. 7/ . May— - J uly. v.v.

12. C. spica basi subramosa, spiculis ovatis approximatis,

inferiorioribus remotis, fructibus erectiusculis ovatis
planis convexis bidentatis marginatis, margine glabris.
Willd. sp. pl 4. p. 235.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Dd. Ww.fl 89.

In shady boggy places : New York, Virginia, &c. 7/ -
June, July. v. v .

13. C. spiculis subquaternis remotis, fructibus ovatis acumi-

natis bidentatis margine ciliato-serratis horizontalibus,
squamis ovatis obtusis, bractea foliacea ad basin spi-
culae inferioris. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 237-
C. echinata /3 rosea. Wahlh. act. holm. 1803. p. 147*
Icon. Schk. car. t. Zzz.fl 1 79-

In dry woods : Canada, Pensylvania, Virginia, & c. 7/ .
v. v.

14. C. spicis paniculatis, fructibus ovatis superne marginatis

bidentatis margine ciliato-serratis, culmo triquetro.
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 244.

Icon. Schk. car. t. D.f 20. et var. t. Ttt.f. 163.

In bog-meadows : Virginia, &c. 7/. July, v.v.

Spicis pluribus apice femineis .

15. C. spiculis tribus subrotundo-eliipticis alternis congestis.

TRI ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Carex.

37

fructibus ellipticis compressis acuminatis ore integris»
Willd. sp.pl. 4. p. 22Q.

C. Lachenalii. Schk. car. l.p.5l*

Icon. Schk. car. t. Y.f. 2Q. Fi. dan. 2Q4.

In the western parts of New York, fensylyania, &c„
21. . June. v. v.

10. C. spiculis subquaternis approximatis ellipticis, fructibus
ovatis bidentatis compressis margine ciliato- serratis
erectis, squamis ellipticis obtusis. Willd • sp. pl. 4.
p. 23;.

C. triceps. Mich Jl amer. 2. p. I/O?

Icon. Schk. car. t. Zzz. f. 180.

In wet meadows, common. I/ . May— -July. v. v.

17. C. spuulis duodenis alternis ellipticis obtusis approxima-

tis, fructibus ovato-lanceolatis marginatis bicuspidalis,
bractea foliacea longissima ad basin spicae ultimae.
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 230.

C. Richardi. Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. i 70.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Ypy.f 177.

In swamp meadows, common. 2/. . June, July. v. v.

18. C. spiculis subsenis subrotundo-ellipticis alternis subap-

proximatis interne masculis, fructibus ovatis margina-
tis bidentatis ciliato-serratis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 22Q.
C. leporina. Wahlh. act. holm. 1803. p. 145.

Icon. Schk. car. t. B.f. 8.

In wet places : New York, &c. 1/ . June. v. v.

1 9. C. spiculis subquinis alternis ellipticis obtusis subapproxi-

matis, fruciibus ovato-lanceolatis marginatis bicuspi-
datis, bracteis oblongis mucronatis. Willd. sp. pl. 4.
p. 230.

C. viridula. Mich.jl amer. 2. p ■ 17Q?

Icon. Schk. car. t. Xxx.f. 1 75.

In wet and sometirpes even very dry places, common,
21 . May — July. v. y.

20. C. spiculis subsenis alternis approximatis cylindraceis,

fructibus ovatis plano-convexis acutiusculis ore integris
erectis, squama ovata acuta longioribus. Willd. sp.
pl 4. p. 241.

C. canescens. Wahlh. act. holm. 1803. p. 148.

Icon. Schk. car. t. C. f. 13.

^In wet woods: New York, &c. 7/ . June. v.v.

21. C. spiculis alternis remotis, bracteis foliaceis longissimis

suifultis, fructibus ovatis acuminatis bifidis compres-
liuscuiis. Willd. sp. pl, 4. p, 23 9,

scirpoicles .

lagopodioi -
des?

ovalis «

scoparia<>

curta ,

remota „

SB

TRIANDRIA MOttOGYNIA, Carex.

festucacea.

saxatilis.

ccespitosa .

crinita.

paleacea.

acuta.

Icon. Schk. car. t. E, t. 23*

In shady woods : Pensylvania mountains, &c. If . June,
v. v.

2 2» C. spiculis spboctonis subapproximatis alternis cylin-
draceis, fructiferis clavatis, fructibus subrotundo-ova-
tis rostratis bidentatis margine ciliato-serratis, squama
lanceolata mucronata majoribus, Willd,. sp. pi. 47
p. 242.

Icon, i Schk. car. t. Www.f 173.

On dry hills, frequent. % . May, June. v. v .

f ft Spicis sexu dis tinctis *

* Spica mascula solitaria, reliquis feminei ex parte andro ?
gynis .

23. C. spicis femineis geminis inferiore pedunculata oblongis^,

fructibus ellipticis obtusis squamam oblongam obtu-
sam aequantibus, bracteis oblongis amplexicaulibus
apice subtoliaceis, culmo glabro. Willd. sp. pl. 4,
P • 272.

Icon. Schk. car. 1. 1. et Tt. f. 40,

In hemlock woods of Vermont and New Hampshire.
If. . June. v. v.

24. C. spicis femineis pylindraceis obtusis subternis distanti-

bus infima brevissime exerte pedunculatis, fructibus
ovatis obtusis ore pertusis, squama oblonga obtusa ma-
joribus, foliis patulis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 28/.

C. polyandra. Schk . car , 1 .p. 59. t. Dd f.QO.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Aa. et Bb.f. 85.

In bog-meadows, very common. If . May, June, v.v.

25. C. spicis masculis geminis, femineis quaternis distan-

tibus pedunculatis pendulis cylindraceis, fructibus sub-
rotundo-ellipticis ventricosis brevissime rostellatis ore
integris squama oblonga arista brevioribus. Willd. sp.
pl. 4. p. 300. Lam . encycl. 3. p. 3 79-
Icon. Schk. car. t. Eee.f. 125. et t. Ttt.f. 164.

|3. C. spicis cylindraceis, masculis pluribus, pedunculis lon-
gis reclinatis, bracteis foliaceis distantibus, squamis
cuspide longa serrata terminatis, capsulis suborbicula-
tis, ore emarginato, culmo laxo. IVahlb. act. holm .
1803. p. 164.

In wet woods, common. If . June, July. v. v.

26. C. spicis masculis binis ternisve, femineis subquaternis

subpedunculatis subnutantibus cylindraceis remotis,
fructibus oblongis brevissime rostellatis^ ore integro

TRIANARIA MONOGYNIA. Carex. 3§

pertuso, squamam oblongam acutam subaequantibus.

Willd. sp. pL 4. p. 304.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Ee. et Ff. f.Q2. Host. gram. 1.
t. 95.

In swamps, very common. 71 . June, July. v.v.

B. Stigmatibus tribus.
f Spicis androgynis , apice masculis.

27. C. spica simplici ovata, fructibus ovato-subglobosis ore Frasen .

integris squama oblonga longioribus, foliis lanceolatis
undulatis crenulatis, scapo basi vaginato.

Icon. C. Fraseri. Bot.mag. 1 3Q 1 . Bot.rep.63Q .

On the mountains of North Carolina. Fraser. 11 ,

April, v. v.

28. C. spica simplici, fructibus alternis oblongis tereti-tri- Willdenown .

quetris scabris acuminatis, squamis ovatis acuminatis,
infima apice foliacea. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 211.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Mmm. f. 14 5.

In barren wet sou, common. If. . May, June, v. v.

2 9. C. spica simplici, fructibus oblongo-lanceolatis compres- polytrichoi «

so triquetris obtusis emarginatis, squamis oblongis ob- des.
tusis mucronatis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 213.

C. leptalea. Wahll. act, holm. 1803. p. 13 9.

C. microstachya. Mich.Jl . amer, 2 .p. 169.

Icon. Schk. car, t. Jii.f 138.

In low wet places : Pensylvania, &c. If. June. v.v.

30. C. spicis subquaternis pedunculatis ramosissimis, fructi- pedunculata -

bus obovatis triquetris obtusis, squamis oblongis obtusis
mucronatis. Willd , sp pl 4. p. 222.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Ggg.f. 13!.

On dry hills : New England, New York, Pensylvania,

&c. If . May — July. v. v.

31. C. spicis subquinis pedunculatis ovatis pendulis, fructi- ovata „

bus obovatis utrinque acutis, squamis ovatis acutis
capsulam aequantibus.

C. ovata. Rudge in linn. trans. 7. 96.

Icon. Rudge l. c. t. Q.f. 1.

In Canada and Newfoundland. If .

f f Spicis terminalibus masculis, reliquis androgynis .

32. C. spica androgyna lineari- pedunculata inferne mascula, virescens .

femineis subapproximatis binis subpedunculaiis linea-

40

T&IANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Carex.

hirsuta ,

ribus, fructibus globoso-triquetris obtusis pubescenti-
bus. Willd . ip. p/. 4 p. 25 J .

Icon. car. i. Mmm.f. 147

On barren dry soil, common. 1/ . May. r. v.

33. C. spica androgyna oblonga obovata inferne mascula,
femineis remotiuscuiis subternis subsessiiibus oblongis,
fructibus ovatis obtusissimis obtuse triquetris, foliis
vaginisque hirsutis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 252.

Icon. Schk . car. t. Wwiv. f IJ2.

On dry hills, frequent. % . May, June. v.v.

Buxi amnii.

34. C. spica androgyna pedunculata obovata inferne mascu».
Ia, femineis subternis remotis subpedunculatis, fruc-
tibus ellipticis triquetris obtusis obsolete bidentatis
squamam oblongam mucronatam subaequantibus.
Willd . sp. pl. 4. p. 252.

C. polygama. Schk.

Icon. Schk. car. t. X. Gg.f. 76.

In swamps and wet woods : New York, Pensylvaniay
&c. I/. July, Aug. v.v.

trichocarpa .

35. C. spicis androgynis tribus, femineis binis pedunculatis
erectis cylindraceis remotis : fructibus ovatis acumi-
natis bicuspidatis pilosis squama ovato-lanceolata aris-
tata longioribus. Schk. car. 2. p. 4 J.

C. lanuginosa. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. i 75.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Nnn.f. 148.

In woods and wet fields ; New England, Pensylvania,
&c. 1/. Junp. v.v.

varia.

t tt Spicis sexu distinctis.

* Spica mascula solitaria, femineis sessilibus seu incluso -
pedunculatis.

36. C. spicis femineis subternis subapproximatis sessilibus
subglobosis, fructibus subgloboso-triquetris rostratis
bidentatis pubescentibus squama oblonga brevioribus,
culmo erecto. . Willd. sp. pl.A. p. 259.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Uuu.f. 167.

On dry hills, frequent. 1/. May, June. v.v.

sululata .

37. C. spicis femineis subquaternis remotissimis sessilibus,
mascula sessilis, fructibus subulatis divaricatis reflexis,
culmo tenui, foliis planis. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 173*
In Canada. Michaux. -f-.

marginata .

38. C. spicis femineis subgeminis approximatis subglobosis
subsessiiibus, fructibus globosis tomentosis bidentatis

TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Carex.

squama obldngo-ovata majoribus, foliis radicalibqs
annotinis culmo longioribus. Willd . sp. pl. 4.'p. 261.
Icon. Schk. car. t. t>ll.f. 343.

On dry hills and rocks, common. 1/ . April, May. v. v.
3 g. C. spica mascula lanceolata, femineis geminis ovatis
sessilibus approximatis, fructibus ovatis rostratis ore
obliquis pubescentibus squamam ovatam acutam sub-
aequantibus. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 263.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Bhbb.f. 182.

In wet meadows : Pensylyania, &c. % . June. v. v,.

40. C. spicis femineis tribus incluso-pedunculatis ovatis sub-

approximatis, bracteis longissimis foliaceis, fructibus
ovatis ventricosis nervosis longissime rostratis ore bi-
dentatis squama lanceolata mucronata longioribus.
IVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 2 66.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Ggg.f. 130.

|3. Icon. Schk. car. t. Hhluf. 134.

In swamps and wet vs/oods, common. 2jL . June, July.
v. v.

4 1. C. spica feminea plerumque solitaria sessili-ovata, brac-

tea setacea, fructibus globosis glabris. Midi. Jl.
amer. 2. p. 1 74.

In bogs and shady woods : Canada, Vermont, &c. % .

July. v. v.

42. C. .spicis femineis tribus incluse pedunculatis oblongis

approximatis, bracteis longissimis foliaceis, fructibus
ovatis ventricosis nervosis longissime conico-rostratis
ore bicuspidatis, squama ovata mucronata multoties
longioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 4, p. 266.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Hdd.f. 123. et L Iii.f.ig4.

In swamps and woods, frequent. I/. June — Aug. v.v.

43. C. spicis femineis subternis subapproximatis ellipticis

jnclqse pedunculatis, fructibus ovatis reflexis rostratis,
rostro curvato bidentato, squama ovato-lanceolat^ lon-
gioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 268.

C. Oederi. Schk. car . 1. p. 6j .

Icon. Schk. car. t. H.f. 3 6. et t. F.f. 26. Host. gram.
l.t.65.

In wet fields and meadows, frequent. 1/ . June. v. v»

44. C. spicis femineis binis tri- s. quadrifloris inferiore pe-

dunculata, fructibus subrotundo-triquetris obovatis
rostel latis ore integris squama oblonga mucronata lon-
gioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p . 2 /Q.

41

vedita.

tentaculata „

rostrata.
miliaris .

lupulina .

flava .

oligocarpa.

42

TltlAKFDRIA MONOGYNIA. CarCX.

folliculata .

major.
pubescens .

plantaginea.

®ncep$.

granularis .

C. paupercula, Mich. ft. amer. 2. p. 1^2 ?

Icon. jScA!:. car. t. Vvv.f. 170.

In wet places : New York, Pensylvania, &c. I/. May,
v. v.

4 5° C. spipa feminea subsolitaria subsexflora subexerta pe-
dunculata, fructibus ovatis ventricosis nervosis ros-
tratis ore bipartitis squama ovata longioribus. Willd.
sp. pl. 4. p . 28 ! .

Icon. Schk. car. t. N.f. 52.

/3. C. intumescens. Mudge in Lima, trails. J. p. 97. t. 9,
/3.

In wet woods, common. 2 i . June, July. v. v.

4 6. C. spicis femineis quaternis -sessilibus infima exerte pe-
dunculata, fructibus ovato-triquetris pubescentibus
rostratis bidentatis, squama oblonga mucronata lon-
gioribus, culmo foliis pubescentibus. Willd. sp . pl. 4.
p. 281.

Icon. Schh. car. t. Eee. f 12£>.

In shady woods : Pensylvania, Virginia, &c. . May,

v. v.

** Spica mascula solitaria , femineis longe-pedur.culatis, va-
ginis brevioribus.

47. C. spicis pedunculatis femineis quaternis distantibus,

fructibus ellipticis triquetris pedicellatis glabris squama
ovata cuspidata brevioribus, bracteis vaginatis apice
subfoliaceis, radicalibus lanceolatis nervosis. Willd,
sp. pl. 4. p 2 57.

C. latifolia. Wahlb. act. holm. 1803. p. 1 56,

Icon. Schk. car. t. JJ. f 7O. et t. Kkkk.f. \Q5.

In dry woods, very common. I/ . May, June. v. v.

48. C. spicis femineis tribus remotis, inferioribus peduncu-

latis, fructibus ovatis nervosis ore membranaceis squa-
ma oblonga mucronata longioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 4.
P 27 8.

C. striatula. Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 173-

Icon. Schk. car. t. Fff. f. 128.

In wet fields on the sides of ditches, from New Jersey
to Carolina. 11 . June. v. v.

4Q. C. spicis femineis tribus remotis, binis inferioribus pe-
dunculatis, fructibus globoso-ovatis nervosis ventrico-
sis brevissime rostellatis ore obsolete emarginato squa-
ma ovato-lanceolata longioribus, Willd. sp. pl. 4.
p. 279.

TRIANDRSA. M0N0GYN1A. CareX0

C. lenticularis. Mich, ft.awer. 2. p. 1/2.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Vvv.j \ 169.

In barren meadows and woods, from Canada to Carolina.
If. . May — July. v. v.

50. C. spicis femineis binis remotis, suprema subsessili, in-

fima longe pedunculata, fructibus oblongo-conicis ob-
tusis squamam aristam aequantibus. Willd. sp. pl. 4»
p. 280.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Vyv. f. 168.

In dry woods, common. 1,1. June. v.v.

51. C. spicis femineis binis remotis, suprema subsessili, in-

fima longe pedunculata, fructibus obovatis apice re-
curvis ore integris squamam ohtuso-ovatam longiori-
bus. Schk. car. 2. p. 68.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Ggg.f 100. et t. Oooo.f2Q7.

In woods and dry meadows, frequent. 1/ . May, June.
v. v.

52. E. spicis femineis tribus 6— 8-floris distantibus, infima

remote pedunculata, fructibus oblongis ventricosis
obtusis squama ovata mucronata majoribus. Willd.
sp. pl. 4, p. 281.

C. paupercula. Mich.Jl. amer. 2 .p. 172.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Kkk.f. 141.

On dry grassy hills, common. !/. April, May. v.v.

53. C. spica mascula solitaria, squamis ovato-oblongis sub-

mucronatis, * femineis cylindraceis binis, infima pe-
dunculata, fructibus ovatis multinerviis rostratis ore
bifidis squama oblonga aristata longioribus. Willd.
sp. pl. 4. p. 282.

C. erinacea. Muhlb. in litt. . . .

Icon, Schk . car . t. FJf. f. 127.

In swamps and boggy woods, frequent. % . June, July.
v. v.

54. C. spicis femineis tribus oblongis distantibus, suprema

sessili, reliquis pedunculatis, fructibus ovatis acumi-
natis bicuspidatis squamam ovatam acuminatam sub-
aequantibus. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 27 J .

Icon. Schk. car. t. T. et Yy.f. 63.

In wet meadows, frequent. %. June, July. v. v .

55. C. spicis femineis subquaternis remotis filiformibus pe-

dunculis cernuis, fructibus distantibus alternis oblongis
rostratis bifidis squama ovata mucronata duplo longio-
ribus. Willd sp. pl. 4. p. 297.

C. debilis. Mich.Jl amer. 2.p. 172»

43*

conoidea*

tetanica.

laxiflora .

hystericina.

distans.

flexuosa.

44

TKIANDHI A MONOGYNIA. CafCXe

digitalis o

C. tenuis. Rudge in linn, trans, t. 7 - />. 97»

Icon. ca?\ /. D«W. e/ Aaaa.f. 124.

In sandy wet meadows : Canada to Carolina. 1/ . June,

56. C. spicis femineis subternis remotis filiformibus pedun»
culatis cernuis, fructibus ellipticis obtusis squama ob*
lopgo- lanceolata longioribus. Willd. sp.pl. 4. p. 298.
In Pensylvania. Muhlb. 1/ . + .

umlellata.

Spica mascula solitariat femineis pedunculatis, vaginae
subnullae.

57- C. spicis femineis tribus pedunculatis octofloris ovatis
verticillatis, fructibus ovatis pubescentibus rostratis ore
integris squamam pvato-lanceolatam aequantibus.
Willd. sp pi- 4. p. 290.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Wiuw.f. 171.

On dry sunny hills : New York to Virginia. % . May.
v ■ v.

miliacea ,

58- C. spicis femineis tribus filiformibus, summa subsessili,
reliquis pedunculatis, fructibus ovatis triquetris breve
rostratis ore integris squama oblonga emarginata aris-
tata longioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 4 . p. 2Q0 .

Icon. Schk. car. t. Ooo. f. 151.

In wet meadows : Canada to Carolina. % • July. v. v.

Pseudo-Cij -
perus.

59. C. spicis femineis quaternis geminatis pedunculatis pen»
dulis cylindricis, fructibus ovato-lanceolatis bicuspi-
datis reflexis squamam setaceam aequantibus. Willd
sp. pl. 4. p. 295.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Mm.f. 102.

Jn ditches and swamps, frequent. % . June, July. v. v.

recurva .

**** Spiels masculis pluribus.

00. C. spicis masculis geminis, femineis cylindricis subter-
natis pedunculatis pendulis, fructibus ellipticis obtusi^
sx:pe scabriusculis squamam ovato-cuspidatam aequan-
tibus. Willd. sp. pl. d. p- 298.

C. flacca. Schk. car. 1. p. 117-

C. glauca. Scop.

Icon. Schk- car. t. 0. P.f. 57- et t. Z%.f 113.

In bogs and wet woods, common. 1/. June, v.v .

pellita .

01. C. spicis masculis geminis, femineis geminis cylindracei^,
erectis remotis, superiore sessili, fructibus ovatis bi-
fidis pilosis squama oblonga aristata brevioribus. WiUdo
sp. pl 4. p . 302.

t&UNDRIA MONOGYNIA. Care£8

striata. Mich.Jl. nmer. 2. p. 174 ?

Icon. Schk. car. t. Nnn.f. 149 et 150.

In wet meadows and woods, frequent. 7/. June, July,
v. v.

62. C. spicis masculis quaternis, femineis binis erectis cylin-

draceis pedunculate, fructibus oblongis multinerviis
rostratis biturcatis squama oblonga mucronata longio-
ribus. JVilld . sp. pl. 4. p. 306.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Ooo.f. 152.

/3 . Budge in linn. trans, t. 7- p • 99- 10. f. 2.

In deep swamps and on the edges of ponds : Canada to
Carolina. If. . June, July. v. v.

63. C. spicis masculis tribus, femineis subgeminis peduncu-

latis cylindraceis, fructibus oblongis inflatis rostratis
bicuspidatis squama lanceolata majoribus, culmo acute
triquetro. JVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 30/.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Ss. J. 106.

In swamps and wet meadows, common. 1/ . May— -July.
v. v.

§4. C. spicis masculis tribus, femineis binis cylindraceis pe-
duncularis erectiusculis, fructibus ovato-globosis ros-
tratis bifurcatis, rostris hispidis squama lanceolata ma-
joribus. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 309.

Icon. Schk. car. t. Uuu.f. 166.

In bogs, very common. 7/. June. v.v.

45

lacustris .

gigantea,
vesicaria ,

lullata ,

48. SCLERIA. Gen.pl . 1408.

1. S. culmo fcliisque glabris, paniculis terminalibus et late- reticularis .

ralibus paucifioris, nucibus reticulatis. JVilld. sp. pl.

4. p. 314. Mich. Jl. amer. 2. p. 167.

Carex lithosperma. JVdlt.Jl. car. 227 •

In sandy barren fields : New Jersey to Carolina, 1/ ,

July, Aug. v.v.

2. S. culmo simplicissimo triquetro foliisque glabris, spica verticilLata .

glomerata nuda, glomerulis alternis distantibus, glu-
mis glabris, nucibus globosis mucronatis transversim
rugoso-verrucosis. JVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 3 17.

In wet fields : Virginia, Carolina. Mulilh. 7/ . June,

July. v. v.

3. S. culmo simplicissimo triquetro foliisque pubescentibus, interrupta

spica glomerata nuda, glomerulis alternis distantibus,
glumis setosis, nucibus globosis mucronatis transver-

46

hirtella .

ciliata .

pauci/lora.

iri glomerata.

Mays.

pumila t

tKIANDKIA MONOGYNIA. Scleria.

sim rugoso-verrucosis. IVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 317*
Mich. fl. amer. '1. p. 108.

In wet meadows of Lower Carolina and Florida. 1/ . + ,

4. S. culmo simplicissimo triquetro foliisque pubescentibus,

spica glomerata nuda, glomerulis alternis distantibus,
glumis setosis, nuciSus elliptico-globosis mucronatis
laevibus nitidis. IVilld . sp. pl. 4. p. 318. Mich. fl.
amer. 2. p. 168.

In dry woods on slate rocks : Virginia, Carolina. 1/ .
June. v. v. The smallest species.

5. S. culmo erecto glabriusculo, foliis ciliatis fasciculo ter-

minali ciliato, nucibus globosis scabriusculis. IVilld.
sp. pl. 4. p. 318. Mich. jl. amer. 2. p. \Qj.

In dry woods : Virginia, Cardina, &c. 1/ . July. v. v.

6. S. culmo erecto simplici triquetro scabro, foliis anguste

linearibus canaliculatis margine scabris, fasciculis pau-
cifloris binis terminalibus unico remotissimo axillari,
nucibus globosis acutiusculis transversiin rugosis.
IVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 318.

S. oligantha. Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 1 6/.

In low grassy places in the woods of Carolina. 1/ . + •

7. S. culmo erecto simplici triquetro scabro, foliis margine

scabris, fasciculis paucifioris terminalibus, glumis
ovatis mucronatis scabris, nucibus globosis acutis ru-
gosis. Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. l6'8.

In dry swamps and old fields : Pensylvania to Carolina.
11 . June, July. v.v.

4 9. ZEA. flGen. pl. 1403. Indian Corn.

1. Z. foliis integerrimis. IVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 200.

Cultivated throughout all America, and sometimes found
as it were in a native state. It would take up too
much room to mention all the numberless varieties ;
but one of those brought by M. Lewis, Esq. from the
Mandan nation, on the Missouri, deserves particular
attention, as it ripens sooner and produces as excel-
lent ears as any sort I know. It would be calculated
to cultivate in climates not quite so warm as all the
other sorts require.

50. KYLLINGIA. Gen. pl. 91.

• - . c

1. K. capitulo globoso sessili solitario, involucro brevi, cui-

47

TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Kyllingia.

mo setaceo, flosculis diandris. Vahl. enum. pi. 2«
p. 380. Mich.fl. amer. l.p.28.

In the western parts of South Carolina and Georgia.
If . June. v. v.

2. K. capitulis subternis sessilibus glomeratis, involucro 3-
phyllo, glumis oblongis : valvulis cuneato-lanceolatis,
flosculis monandris. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 29-
Scirpus cephalotes. Walt. Jl. car. 7 1.

In inundated places : Carolina, Florida, &c. 7/. Jul y.

v. s.

51. MAP ANI A. Aubl.fi. gui. 1. p. 4 7.

1. Mapania. Auhl.fi. gui. 1. p. 47- t. 1 7-

In remote parts of the Cherokee mountains. 7/ . July.
v. s. A beautiful grass, which I found in a collection
made bv Mr. Kinn of Philadelphia, corresponded in
every respect with Aublet’s plant.

52. DICHROMEMA. Mich.fl. amer. l. p.3J.

1 . D. glabra, involucris basi utrinque coloratis. Vahl . enum.

pi 2. p. 240. Mich. fi. amer. 1. p. 37.

In wet places in Lower Carolina and Georgia. If . July.
v. s .

2. D. pilosa, involucris supra basin coloratis. Vahl. enum .

pi. 2. p. 240.

Schoenus stellatus. Swartz.fi. ind. occid. 1. p. 102.
Icon, Sloan, hist. jam. 1. t. 78 .f. 1.

In inundated places of Georgia and Florida. If. . July.
v. v.

53. SCHCENUS. Linn, et Vahl. enum. pi, 2. p. 20 7»

1. S. pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque subtrifloris,

culmo trigono foliisque setaceis. Vahl. enum. pi. 2 .

p.219.

Icon. Rotib. gram. t. 21.

In Carolina. Vahl . If . -f- .

2. S. pedunculis axillaribus terminalibusque tristachyis, spi-

cis subglobosis pedicellatis, foliis filiformibus hispi-
dis. Vahl. enum. pi. 2. p. 21 9.

In Carolina. Lam . T/.-p.

maculata .

sylvatica.

leucocephala .

cilia l a -

setaceus ,

hispiduluso

4^

sparsa.

vnicr antlia .

inexpansa .

fascicularis.

glomerata .

distans „

TKIANDRI A MONOGYNIA»

54. RHYNCHOSPORA. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 22 9.

3 . R. corymbis diffusis axillaribus compositis, terminalibus
decompositis, pedunculis capillaribus, seminibus rostro
longioribus. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p . 230.

Schoenus sparsus. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 35.

Schoenus miliaceus. £ara. illustr. 1. p. 13/.

In shady woods : Virginia — Georgia. . June. v. v.

2. R. corymbis diffusis axillaribus simplicibus, terminalibus

compositis, pedunculis capillaribus, culmo foliisque
filiformibus glabris. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 231.
Schoenus rariflorus. Mich.jl . amer. 1. p. 35.

In Georgia. Mich. lf.+.

3. R. corymbis terminalibus compositis, spicis solitariis,

rostello seminum longissimo, culmo acutangulo sca-
bro. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 231.

Schoenus longirostris. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 35.

Schoenus corniculatus. Larn.' illustr. \. p. 132.

In wet woods and near ponds in Virginia and Carolina.
If. . July. v. v.

4. R. corymbis coarctatis axillaribus simplicibus composi-

tisque, terminalibus decompositis, culmo filiformi,
Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 232.

Schoenus inexpansus. Mich.jl. amer . 1. p. 35.

In Carolina. Mich. 2/ . -j- .

5. R. spicis corymboso-fascicuiatis, foliis linearibus latitu-

dine culmi. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 234.

Schoenus fascicularis. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 37»

In Carolina. If . v. s.

6. R. spicis corymboso-fascicuiatis remotissimis geminatis,

culmo obtusanguio, foliis linearibus. Vahl. enum. pl. 2 .
p. 234.

Schoenus glomeratus. Willd. sp.pl. \ . p. 2 66.

In wet meadows along ditches : Pensylvania— ■ -Carolina,
Walter. If . June, July. v.v.

7. R. spicis corymboso-fascicuiatis remotissimis solitariis,

culmo obtusanguio, foliis filiformibus. Vahl. enum ,
pl. 2. p. 235.

Schoenus distans. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 36.

Schoenus axillaris. Lam. illustr. 1 . p. 137*

In ponds which are dry in summer : Virginia, Carolina;,
If . July, Aug, v.v.

Tiu andria MONODY ni A, Rhynehospora.

8. R. spicis corymboso-fasciculatis approximatis subgemi-
natis, bracteis glabris, culmo filiformi acutangulo.
Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p . 235.

Schoenus capitellatus. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 36.

In Carolina. Mich. 1/ . + .
g. R. spicis corymboso-fasciculatis terminalibus, bracteis
foliisque obtusiusculis ciliatis. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
p. 235.

Schoenus ciliaris. Mich.Ji. amer. 1 . p. 36.

In Carolina and Florida. 1/ . v. s.

10. R. spicis corymboso-fasciculatis, culmo foliisque setaceis.
Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 236.

Schoenus albus. Willd. sp.pl . 1. p. 2 67.

Icon. Engl. lot. 985. FI. dan. t. 320.

/3 Schoenus fuscus. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 262.

Schoenus setaceus. Thouil.jl. par. 19.

In bog-meadows, common. % . July, Aug. v. v .

55. FIMBRISTYLIS» Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 285.

1. F. spicis ovatis pubescentibus, involucro involucellisque

diphyllis umbella composita umbellulisque longioribus.
Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 28Q.

Scirpus puberulus. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 31.

In low grounds : Virginia io Florida. I/ . July, Aug.

v. i).

2. F. spicis ovato-oblongis obtusis, involucro diphyllo rigido

umbellam subcompositam aequante. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
p. 92.

Scirpus castaneus. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 31.

Scirpus carolinianus. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 142.

Schoenus umbellatus. Walt.Jl. car. 70.

In Carolina and Florida. I/ . July. v. v.

3. F. spicis cylindricis obtusissimis, involucro submono-

phyllo rigido umbellam simplicem aequante. Vahl .
enum. pl. 2. p. 293.

Scirpus palustris altissimus, &c. Gron.Jl . virg. 11.

In North America. Bosc. % . + .

4. F. spicis oblongis teretibus acutis, involucro diphyllo

rigido umbellam decompositam aequante. Vahl. enum .

pl. 2. p. 294.

Scirpus spadiceus. Willd. sp. pl. l.p. 305.

Icon. Sloan, hist. 1. 1. 76. /. 2.

On the banks of rivers in Carolina and Florida. 11, July

v. s.

VOL. i.

49

capitellata.

ciliata .

ulla-

fusca.

pulerulum *

castaneum ,

cylindricum.

spadiceum .

E

50

TRIANDRI A M0N0GYNIA.

articulatus.

Kyllingceoi -
des .

uncinatus.

poceformis.

56. CYPERUS. Gen.pl. Q3.

* Culmo tereti .

1. C. spiculis compressis elongatis nitidiusculis, involucro

subnullo, culmo articulato. Vahl. enim. pl. 2. p. 301.
Icon. Sloan, hist. jam. 1. t. 81. f. 1.

In small slow streams : Carolina and Georgia. Tf. . July.

v. v..

** Culmo triquetro.

|| Spiculis aggregatis.

2. C. capitulo globoso, spiculis oblongis convexis subocto®

floris, involucro tetraphyllo foliisque carinatis laxis.
Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 312.

Icon. Rottb. gram. t. 4.f 5. C. dubius, p. 20.

In wet pine- woods : New Jersey, Carolina, &c. I/ .
June. v. v.

3. C. capitulo subgloboso glomerato, spiculis linearibus

suboctofloris : valvulis lanceolatis recurvato-acumina-
tis, involucro subdiphylio longissimo.

On overflowed gravelly banks of rivers and lakes : Ca-
nada, in New York, on Lake Champlain. . June.
v. v.

Planta pusilla. Folia linearia glabra, longitudine culmi.
Culmus setaceus, acute triquetrus, bi uncialis. Invo-
lucri foliola 2. interdum 3. unum culmo longius, struc-
tura foliorum. Capitulum solitarium, conglomera-
tum, ratione plantae magnum. Spiculce numerosae,
divaricatae, lineari-oblongae, 6— 8-florae : valvulae

lanceolato-ovatae, longe acuminatae, apice divaricato
quasi uncinatira reflexae, nervosae, pallide castaneae,
margine albidae. C. pygmeeo affinis.

4 . C. spiculis oblongis complanatis fasciculato-corymbosis :

fasciculis sessilibus pedunculatisque, involucro tri-
pbyllo longissimo.

In sandy fields : South Carolina, &c. I/ . July. v. v.
Planta spithamaea. Folia angusto-linearia, glabra, vix
longitudine culmi. Culmus trigonus, glaber. Invo-
lucrum triphyllum ; foliolis 2. longissimis. Fascicu-
lis florum ovatis, sessilibus, uno alterove brevi pe-
dunculate. Ochrece truncatae, coloratae. Spiculce ovato-
oblongae, circiter octo, breves, quatuor — sex-florae: val»
vulae ovatae, obtusae, carinatae, flavescentes. An C.
difformis ?

TRIAN6RIA MONOGYNIA. CyperUS.

51

|| || Uml elite radiis elongatis : spiculis terminalibus , um-
bellatis.

5» C. spiculis linearibus digitato-subternis, umbella involu-
crum diphyllum subaequante. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
p. 318.

Scirpus autumnalis. Rottb. gram. p. 58.

Cyperus juncoides. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 147*

Cyperus complanatus. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 2JO.

Icon. Rottb. gram. t. 1 J.f 3.

On the edge of ponds and ditches in Virginia and Caro-
lina. 11 . July, Aug. v. v. Spikes very slender ;
valves purple with a green carina \ stem nearly cy-
lindric.

6. C. spiculis digitatis subquaternis lanceolato-oblongis val-
vulis mucronatis latioribus membranaceis. Vahl.
enum. pl. 2. p. 324. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 282.

Icon. Rottb. gram. t. Q.f 3. Sloan, hist. jam. 1. t. 17*

f I-

In low meadows : Pensylvania to Carolina. 21 . July.
v. v .

7« C. spiculis oblongo-ovatis obtusis, umbellulis confertis
aphyllisj, foliis angustis. Rich, in act. soc. linn. par.
p. 106.

In swamps of Carolina. I/ . July. v. v.

8. C. spiculis lanceolatis subgloboso-capitatis compactis,

valvulis ovatis uninervibus, involucro umbella lon-
giore. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 32(3. Willd. sp.pl. 1.
p. 283.

C. compressus. Jace/, hort. vind. 3. t . 12.

C. glomeratus. Walt.Jl . Gar. /O.

C. Eragrostis. Lam. illustr. \ .p. 146.

C. declinatus. Mosnch.

C. monandrus. Roth, catalect. 1. p. 3.

Icon. Jacq. I. c.

On the borders of ponds, frequent. If . July, Aug. v.v .

9. C. spiculis ovato-lanceolatis capitatis, involucro s.ubhex-

aphyllo longissimo margine scabro. Vahl. enum. pL 2.
P- 327.

In Louisiana. Jussieu. 7/. -f.

10. C. spiculis linearibus globoso-capitatis patentissimis,
umbella subuniradiata, involucris triphy Ilis culmisque
setaceis. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 328.

In Carolina. Vahl. 7/ . -f .

E 2

autumnalis ,

compressus.

brhceus.

vegetus •

formosus.

jiliculmis.

52

THIANDRIA MONOGENI A. Cypei'US.

filicinus.

flavescens,

castaneus.
Hydra .

tulerosus.

tenuiflorus.
virens .
ador alus.

strigosus.

|| || || Umlella radiis elongatis : spiculis alternis .

1 1. C. spiculis lineari-lanceolatis remotiusculis laxe imbri-

catis, involucro triphyllo umbella longiore foliisque
laxis. Vahl. enum.. pl. 2. p. 332-
In swamps of Virginia and North Carolina. 1/ . July.
v. v.

12. C. spiculis lineari-lanceolatis confertis, involucro tri-

phyllo umbella trifida longiore. Vahl . enum. pl. 2.
p. 335. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 279.

Icon. FI. grceca, t. 4 7.
fi C. pusillus, spiculis brevioribus castaneis.

Common in low grounds. 1/. . June, July. v. v.

53. C. spicis corymbosis, spiculis lineari-lanceolatis distan-
tibus, foliis recurvatis, tuberibus oblongo- subrotundis.
Vahl. enum . pl. 2. p. 344. Mich. jl. amer. 1 . p. 27.
In cultivated fields and barren woods : Virginia to Flo-
rida. l/.July. v. v.

14. C. spiculis lineari-lanceolatis convexiusculis, involucro

triphyllo umbella quinqueradiata longiore. Vahl,
enum . pl. 2. p. 340.

Icon. Rottl. gram. t.J.f. 1. Nut-grass .

On the banks of Delaware and other rivers : Pensylvania
to Carolina. %. June, July. v.v. The roots are
very sweet, and eaten by children.

15. C. spicis corymbosis, spicuhs linearibus convexiusculis,

involucro umbella longiore, culmo folioso. Vahl .
enum. pl. 2. p. 347«

Icon. Rutth. gram. t. 14. f. 1.

In wet fields in Carolina and Georgia. 1/ . July. v. v.

16. C. spicis corymbosis, spiculis ovalibus, involucro lon-

gissimo. JVahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 353. Mich.jl. amer. 1£
p. 28.

In wet meadows and woods : Pensylvania to Carolina.
I/.July, Aug. v.v.

17. C. spicis corymbosis, spiculis subulatis remotis distichis,

valvulis subdistantibus, umbellis patentissimis involu-
cellum subaequantibus. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 3 56.
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 284.

Icon, Sloan, hist. jam. 1. t. 74. f. 1. et t. 8 .f. 1.

On the banks of rivers : Pensylvania to Florida, rare.
11 . Aug. v. v.

18. C. spicis oblongis laxis, spiculis subulatis patentibus re-

TJRIANJDRIA MONOGYNIA. CyperUS.

motiusculis, involucellis subnullis, umbel lalae radiis al-
ternis. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 358. Willd. sp. pi. 1.
p. 281.

In swamps and ditches, common. 7/. July. v. v.

ig. C. spiculis lineari-lanceolatis, valvulis oblongis obtusis,
fructiferis patentibus, involucro longissimo. Vahl.
enum. pl. 2. p. 360. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 2/\

C. elegans. Walt.fl. car. 70.

In boggy woods : Pensylvania to Carolina. 7/.. July,
Aug. v. v.

20. C. spicis distichis, spiculis filiformibus patentibus, flos-
culis distantibus, umbella stricta. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
p. 362. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 288.

Icon. Rottb. gram . t. 10. C. elatus.

In sandy wet woods : Carolina and Georgia. 7 l.v.s.

ll. C. spicis corymbosis, spiculis subulatis distichis, umbel-
lulis involucello brevioribus, ochreis biaristatis, culmo
aculangulo. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 364.

C. virginicus. Jacq. in Herb. Lambert.

In Virginia. Vahl. 7/ . v. s. in. Herb. Lambert.

22. C. spicis corymbosis oblongis basi ramosis nudis, spicu-
lis numerosis divaricatis confertis linearibus subsexfloris,
valvulis oblongis striatis, involucro octophyllo umbel-
lam subaequante.

In ditches and near ponds : Virginia to Florida, rare.
Aug. v. v.

Folia radicalia, linearia, 3-nervia, glabra, margine ca-
rinaque scabra, culmo breviora. Culmus laevigatus,
triquetrus. Involucrum suboctophyllum : foliola in-
teriora breviora, exteriora radiis umbellae longiora.
Umbella composita : radii octo vel decem. Spicas
oblongae, basi ramosae, magnae. Spiculcc numerosae
(circiter 100), horizontales, castaneae. An var. C. spe-
ciosi P

I have named this species in memory of Mr. Enslen,
through whose generous communication I have been
put in possession of a number of grasses and other
plants growing in the southern States.

57. DULICHIUM. Pers. ench. 1 . p. 65.

1 . D. culmo triquetro folioso, spiculis patulis subsexfloris,
Pers. ench. I. c .

Pleuranthus floribundus. Rich.

Cyperus spathaceus. Willd. sp . pl. 1» p . 280,

53

flavicomus*

distans.

speciosus .

Enslenih

spathaceum ..

54

canadense.

j

acicularis.

pusillus.

palustris .

tulerculosus.

filiformis .

ovatus.

TRIANDRI A M0N0GYNI A. Dulichilim.

Schoenus angustifolius. Vahl. enum. pL 2. p . 22 5.

♦Scirpus spathaceus. Mich. fit. amer. 1. p. 32.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 301 1.

In swamps and bogs from Canada to Florida. If . July,
Aug. v.v.

1. D. racemis simplicibus pedunculatis, spiculis paucis
erectis subdecemfloris. Pers. I. c.

In Canada and New York, in similar situations, rare.
If . Aug. v. v. Lower growth and shorter leaves
than No. 1.

58. SCIRPUS. Gen . pi. 94.

* Culmo monostachyo.

1. $. spica ovata, squamis duabus infimis majoribus, cul-

mis tetragonis setaceis, vaginis muticis. Vahl. enum.
pl. 2. p. 245.. Willd. sp. pL 1. p. 2 Q5.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 40. f. 7. Host. gram. 3. t. 60.

In shallow ponds and pools, under water, common. 11 .
July, Aug. v . v.

2. S. spica oblonga acuta (pauciflora) : squamis linearibus

acutis, culmis angulatis capillarfbus. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
p. 246'.

S. capillaris. Mich.fi. amer. l.p. 30.

In springs and ditches, frequent. If. . June, July. v. v.
The smallest of the genus.

3. S. spica ovali, squamis lanceolatis acutis, culmis tereti-

bus, vaginis muticis lanceolatis acutis, radice repente.
Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 247. Willd . sp.pL 1. p. 291.
Icon. FI. dan. t. 273. Host. gram. 3. t. 55.

In overflowed fields and ditches, frequent. If . July.
v. v.

4. S. spica ovata acuta, squamis subrotundis, seminibus tu-

berculo ovato coronatis, culmis teretibus. Vahl. enum.
pl. 2. p. 248. Mich.fi. amer. l.p. 30.

In Lower Carolina. Michaux. If . + .

5. S. spica cylindrica oblonga obtusa, squamis subrotundis,

seminibus vertice nudis, culmis filiformibus teretibus.
Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 248. Lam. illustr, 1. p. 138.

In wet fields, near ditches : New Jersey to Carolina.
If . July, Aug. v. v.

6. S. spica ovata, squamis oblongis, floribus subdiandris,

culmis subcompressis, vaginis muticis. Vahl. enum ,

pl. 2. p . 249. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 294.

55

TRIANDRXA M ONOGYNI A, ScirpUS.

S. compressus. Moench.meth.3g4 .

Icon, Moris . hist 3. s. 8. t. 10./. 34. Host. gram. 3.
t. 56.

Near ponds and ditches : Pensylvania. %. July. v. v.

f. S. spica subglobosa, culmis sulcato-angulatis setaceis, capitatus .

vaginis muticis, spica subglobosa, Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
p. 250. Willd. sp . pl. 1 p. 294.

Icon. Rottb. gram. i. 15. f. 3.

In small ponds, very common. 1/. Aug. v. v .

8. S. spica ovato-oblonga, squamis ovato-subrotundis, cui- geniculatus ,
mis teretibus approximate interstinctis. Vahl. enum.
pl. 2. p. 250. sp. pl. 1. p. 291.

Icon. Sloan. hist. 1. t.83.f.3,

On the sea-shore of Virginia and Carolina. July.
v. v.

g. S. spica cylindrica, squamis oblongo-subrotundis, cui- quadrangula -

mis tetragonis. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 252. Mich.Jl. tus.
amer. 1. p. 30.

In Carolina. Michaux. 2f.+.

** Culmo polystachyo : spicis lateralibus.

10. S. spicis ovatis acutis subsolitariis, culmis foliisque capil- minimus .

laribus curvatis. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 253.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 300. ft 5. Rottb. gram, t . 15./. 4.

S. setaceus.

In wet sandy fields and near ponds : Virginia to Carolina.

]/.July. v. v.

11. S. spicis brevi-ovatis conglomerato-sessilibus, squamis debilis.

subrotundis membranaceis, culmis striatis.

In wet meadows : Pensylvania. 1/. July, Aug. v. v.

Culmi teretes, striati, pedales et ultra. Spiculce 4 — 6.
crassae. Squamis latis, acutiusculis. Setulce semine
duplo longiores. Affinis S. setaceo .

12. S. aphyllus, spicis oblongis, squamis integerrimis mu- mucronatus.

cronato-acuminatis, culmo triquetro. Vahl. enum .
pl. 2. p. 256. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 303.

Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 66.

In swamps and salt-marshes : Canada to Carolina, 1/ .

Aug. v. v.

*** Culmo polystachyo : spicis terminalibus.

13. S. aphyllus, spicis oblongis, squamis glabris mucrorm»

lacustris.

3d

validus .

rolustus .

americanus .

sylvalicus.

exaltatus .

viviparus.

nitens.

lineatus .

TfUANDRIA M0N06YNIA. ScirpUS.

latis, stylis trifidis, umbella decomposita, culmo tereti»
Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 26/. Willd. sp . pl. 1 p. 296.
Icon. .F/. dara. £. 1142. Host. gram. 3. f, 6l.

In stagnant waters : Canada to Carolina. 2/ . July. u. r.

14. S. aphyllus, spicis ovato-oblongis, squamis dorso villosis,

stylis bifidis, umbella decomposita, involucro brevis-
simo apice tereti. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 208.

In lakes and ponds : Canada to Carolina. 2/ . Aug. v. v.
From four to ten feet high.

15. S. spicis oblongis, corymbo composito, involucris poly-

phyllis longissimis, involucellis ovatis longissime aris-
tatis, squamis acutis aristatis, apice laceris, culmo tri-
quetro folioso.

S. maritimus j6 macrostaehyos. Mich.fi- amer. 1. p. 32.
In salt-marshes and on the banks of rivers, common.
2/ . Aug. v. v. Certainly specifically distinct from
S. maritimus , with which I carefully compared it.

16. S. spiculis sessilibus conglomeratis oblongo-ovatis mu-

crone brevioribus, culmo acute triquetro nudo. Fers,
ench. 1. p. 68.

S. triqueter. Mich.fi amer.l.p.3Q.

In salt marshes, frequent. 2/ . July, Aug. v. v.

17. S. spicis oblongis congestis, corymbo supradecomposito

folioso, squamis oblongis obtusiusculis viridibus, cul-
mo folioso trigono.

Icon. Host. grain. 3. t. 68. FI. dan. t. 30?.

In Canada, Mickaux. 2/. +.

}8. S. spicis brevi-ovatis congestis, corymbo compositq,
squamis rhomboideis carinatis mucronatis coloratis,
culmo folioso obtuse trigono.

S. brunneus. Muhlb. in iitt.

/3 S. culmo altissimo subscandente, corymbis vivipaps basi
ramulorum floriferis.

In shady woods : New York to Carolina. 2/ . July,
Aug. v . v. The viviparous variety grows in deep shady
swamps, and frequently acquires the height of ten
feet and more. •

19. S. spicis ovatis pedicellatis, corymbis subcompositis ax-

illaribus terminalibusque, culmo tereti. Vahl. enum.
pl. 2.p.272.

In Virginia and Carolina. 2/ . July. v. v.

20. S. spicis oblongo-ovatis pedicellatis, corymbis axillaribus

terminalibusque supradecompositis^ pedunculis elon*

57

triandhia monogynia. Scirpus.

gatis, culmo trigono. Vdhl. enum. pl. 2. p. -273»
Mich.fi . amer. 1. p. 32.

Trichophorum lineatum. Pers. ench. l.p . 6g.

In sandy wet woods : New Jersey to Carolina. I/ .July.
v. v. The seeds are naked, consequently it is no Tri-
chophorum.

21. S. spicis capitulisque subglobosis glomeratis, corymbo

terminali, culmo folioso. Vahl enum pl. 2. p. 274.
Schoenus cymosus. Willd . sp pl 1 . p. 2 65 ?

Iu shady woods : Virginia and Carolina. If. . July. v. v.

22. S. spicis ovatis, umbella biradiata, culmo capillari.

Vahl. enum. pl 2. p. 2/6. Linn . mant. 321.

S, pusillus autumnalis, tkc. Gron.fi. virg, 1 1.

In Virginia. 1/ . July, v . s. in Heri. Gronov.

23. S. spicis oblongis acutis, involucro diphyllo umbella

composita breviore, culmo ancipiti, foliis linearibus.
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 301 . exci, syn . Rotthoellii.

S. foliosus pusillus autumnalis, &c. Gron.fi. virg. 10.
S. mucronulatus. Mich.fi amer. l.p. 32.

In sandy wet fields : New Jersey to Carolina. If. . Aug.
v . v. j v. s. in Herb. Gronov.

50. TRICHOPHORUM. Pers. ench. 1 ,p.6g.

1. T. culmo triquetro folioso, panicula decomposita, spi-

culis confertis ovatis. Pers. I. c.

Scirpus Eriophorum. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 33.
Eriophorum cyperinum. Willd. sp.pl. l.p. 313.

Icon. Pluk. m.ant t. 4ig.f 3.

In ditches and near ponds, from Canada to Carolina.
1/. July, Aug. v. v- Very tall.

2. T. culmo triquetro nudo, foliis canaliculato-setaceis,

spica simplici.

Eriophorum hudsonianum. Mich.fi. amer . 1. p. 34.
fn bogs on the mountains of Pensylvania, Vermont, &c.
If . Aug. v. v.

60. ERIOPHORUM. Gen. pl g 5.

1. E. culmis superne trigonis, spica oblonga unica, squamis
scariosis. Host, gram . l.p. 33.

Icon. Host. I, c. t. 39.

On high mountain meadows : Canada to Virginia. If .
June, July. v. v.

polyphyllus?

capillaris ,

autumnalis.

cyperinum.

alpinum.

cespitosum ,

58

polystachium .

anguslifolu

um.

vvrginicum.

Richardi.

squarrosa .

ovularis.

retrofractus.

triandria monogynia. Eriophorum.

2. E. culmis foliosis teretibus, foliis planis, spicis pedun-

cularis, seminibus ovatis. Roth, neue leytr. 1. p . 94.
Willd, sp. pl l. p. 312.

Icon. Host . gram. 1. tf. 37. iof 563.

In bog- meadows: common. 7/ . May. v.v.

3. E. culmis foliosis teretibus, foliis canaliculato-triquetris,

spicis pedunculatis, seminibus ovaris. Roth. neue
leytr. 1 . p. 94. Willd. sp.pl . 1 . p. 3 13.

Icon. ffog/. tot. 564.

In mountain meadows, frequent. 1/ . May. v.

4. E. culmo tereti folioso, foliis planis, spicis congestis

subsessilibus involucro brevioribus. Vahl. enum. pl. 2.
p. 39O. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 313.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t.2gg.f.4.

Common in bog-meadows, from Canada to Georgia.
7/ . April, May. v. v.

6l. VAGINARIA. Pers. ench. 1. p . 70.

1. V. culmo aphyllo vaginato, spica ovata subsolitaria,
squamis lanceolato-spathulatis. Pers. 1. c.

Euirena scirpoidea. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 38.

Icon. Mich. l. c. t. 7.

In overflowed fields : Georgia to Florida. 7/ . v.s.

62. FUIRENA. Gen.pl. go.

l.T. umbellis simplicibus, spiculis ovatis, culmo glabro,
foliis ciliaris, vaginis pilosis. Vahl. enum . pl. 2. p. 385.
Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 3 7.

In bog-meadows : New Jersey, Carolina, &c. 7/. July.
v. v . A very handsome little grass.

63. MARISCUS. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 372.

1. M. spicis ovali- subrotundis, involucris polyphyllis. Vahl.

enum. pl. 2. p. 374.

Schoenus umbellatus. Jacq. collect. 1. p. 113.

Kyllingia ovularis. Mich.fi . amers 1. p, 2 9.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. gi.f 4. ic. rar. 1. f. 10?

In sandy wet places ; Georgia and Carolina. 7/ . v. s.

2. M. spicis retrorsum subimbricatis, spiculis subulatis re-

trofractis, involucro tripbyllo. Vahl . enum. pl. 2.

p. 375.

TRIANDRIA MGN0GYN1A. Mar'iSCUS.

59

Scirpus retrofractus. Willd . sp. pi. l. p. 304.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 415. J. 4.

In rockv shady situations, on the banks of rivers : Vir-
ginia, Carolina, &c. % . July. v. v. Stems and

leaves very rough.

3. M. spicis cylindricis retrorsum imbricatis, involucris po- umlellatus.
lyphyllis. Vahl. enum. pl. 2. p. 376.

Scirpus cyperoides. Linn. mant. »81.

Kyliingia umbellata. Linn. suppi. 105.

Icon Rottl. gram. t. 4. f. 2,

In shady woods : Virginia and Carolina. 1/ . Aug. v. v.

The American specimen is without partial involucres,
in every other respect it agrees with the description.

64. MIEGIA. Pers. ench. 1. p. 101.

1. Miegia. Pers. ench. 1. p. 102. macrosperma.

Arundinaria macrosperma. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 74.

Arundo gigantea. Walt.Jl car. 81.

In extensive tracts on the Mississippi and Floridas, called
Cane brakes, almost impenetrable. Arundo tecta of
Walter seems to be only a variety of this species.

I/ . March, April, v. v.

65. L1MNETIS. Richard in Pers. ench. 1. p. 72.

1. L. foliis distichis breviusculis setaceo-convolutis, spicis juncea .

paucis remotis patulis, calyce acuminato : carinis as-
peris. Pers. ench. 1. p . 72.

Trachynotia juncea. Mich.Jl . amer. l.p. 64.

Dactylis patens. Bonn. hort. eant. 25.

In dry salt-meadows, common. If. . July. v. v.

2. L. subglauca, foliis longissimis, spicis plurimis alternis cynosuroides .

secundis, calyce aristato acuminato : carinis aculeatis.

Pers. ench. 1 .p. 72.

Trachynotia cynosuroides. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 64.

On rocky sea-shores, frequent. If. July. v.v.

3. L. foliis latis planis, spicis pluribus undique versis longis polystachya .

linearibus, carinis aculeatis. Pers. ench. 1 , p. 72.

Trachynotia polystachya. Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p, 64.

Dactylis cynosuroides. Willd. sp. pl. l. p. 407.

Common in salt-marshes, from Canada to Florida» 7f .

Aug. v. v.

1

60

tribuloides.

asperifolia.

aquatica .

miliacea.

TRIANDRIA M0N0GYNIA.

66. CENCHRUS. Gen.pl 1574.

1. C. spica spiculis alternis, glumis femineis globosis muri-
cato-spinosis hirsutis. Willd. sp. pl. I. p. 317*

C. carolinianus. Walt.fi. car. 79.

Icon. Sloan . hist. 1. t.65.f. 1.

Near the sea-shore, from New Jersey to Florida. ©«
June, July. v. v. ; v.s. in Herb. Walter.

67. ORYZOPSIS. Mich. Jl. amer. \.p.51.

O. culmo subnudo, foliis erectis subpungentibus asperis.
Mich. 1. c.

Icon. Mich. I. c. t. 9.

On high mountain meadows : Canada and Pensylvania.
If. July, Aug. v. v. I observed this grass on the
Broad mountains of Pensylvania, and consider it worth
the attention of farmers, as the considerable large
seeds contain the finest flour of any grain I know.

II. DIG YNIJ.

68. ZIZANIA. Gen. pl. 1433. Indian Rice.

. Z. panicula pyramidata, inferne divaricata mascula, su-
perne spicata feminea, fulcris florum clavatis aristis
longis, semine elongato.

Z. aquatica. Lambert, in linn. trans. 7* p. 264.

Z. palustris. Linn. want. 2Q5. Gron. virg. 148.

Z. clavulosa. Mich.ji. amer. 1. p. 75.

Icon. Lambert. I. f. t. 13. Tuscarora or Wild Rice.
In all the waters from Canada to Florida, common. If.
July, Aug. v.v.

2. Z. panicula effusa, glumis brevi-aristatis : masculis et
femineis mixtis, semine ovato laevi. Mich.ji. amer. 1
p. 74.

Z. aquatica. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 394 ?

Icon. Sloan, hist. 1. t. 67 ?

On the tide water meadows and ditches : Pensylvania
arid Carolina. If. Aug. y. y.

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. Zizania.

3. Z. pusilla, culmis gracilibus ramosis, foliis linearibus
planis, spicis solitariis axillaribus setaceis subquadri-
floris, glumis muticis. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. J5.

On the banks of Lake Champlain and St. Laurence.
If . July. v. v.

69. MUHLENBERG! A. Gen.pl. 103.

1. M. culmo debili ramoso foliisque glabris, panicula co-

arctata, calyce univalvi. Pers. ench. 1 .p. 73.
Dilepycum minutiflorum. Mich.Ji. amer . 1. p. 40.

On dry grassy hills, frequent. If. . June, July. v. v.

2. M. culmo firmo simplici foliisque pubescentibus, pa-

nicula laxa, calyce bivalvi, arista longissima. Ptrs.
ench. 1. p. 73.

Dilepycum aristosum. Midi fl. amer. 1. p. 40.

In dry shady woods, from Canada to Carolina. If . July.
v. v .

70. TRICHODIUM, Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 41.

1. T. culmis erectis, foliis angustis breviusculis, vaginis

asperiusculis, glumis lanceolatis. Mich. fl. amer . 1 ,
p. 42.

Cornucopiae hyemalis. Walt.Jl. car. 73.

Agrostis scabra. Willd. sp. pl. l.p. 3J0.

Agrostis laxa. Schreb.gram.

Icon. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. 1. 8.

Common in all grassy situations. If . May— Aug. v. v.

2. T. culmis decumbentibus, foliis patulis, vagina laevi,

glumis lineari-lanceolatis sensim acutis. Mich. Jl.
amer. 1. p. 42.

Cornucopiae perennans. Walt.fl. car . 74.

Agrostis anomala. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 37O.

Agrostis cornucopiae. Fraser, monogr. cum icone.

Icon. Fraser, monogr.

On moist hills and short grass meadows, from Canada to
Carolina. If . June— Aug. v. v. This and the first
species are highly valuable grasses. Vide Fraser’s
Monogr. and Walter’s Flora.

3. T. culmis erectis, foliis angustis scabris, vaginis glabris,

valvis membranaceis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis.
Cornucopiae altissima. Walt.Jl. car. 74.

Agrostis dispar. Mich. fl. amer. l.p. 52.

6\

fluitans.

diffusa .
erecta .

laxiflorum.

decumbens.

elatum .

oryzoides .

lenticularis.

amphicarpon.

TR1 ANDRIA DiGYNTA. Trichodiuffi.

In sandy deep swamps : New Jersey, Carolina, &c. % ,
July, Aug. v. v . Near three feet high panicle
close, coloured.

71. LEERS! A. Gen.pl. 105.

1. L. panicula effusa, spiculis triandris patulis, glumis ob-

longo-ovalibus carina ciliatis. Willd.sp. pl. 1. p . 325.
L. virginica. Willd . I. c.

Icon. Host. gram. 1. t. 35.

In wet woods and ditches, frequent. 1/ . July. v. v.

2. L. paniculae ramis subsolitariis, spiculis imbricatis, glu-

mis orbiculatis ciliatis majusculis. Mich.fi. amer. 1.
p. 39. Fly-catch-grass.

In wet gravelly woods in Illinois and Virginia. 2/ . July.
v. v. This singular and elegant grass I found on the
islands of Roanoak river in North Carolina, and ob-
served it catching flies in the same manner as Dioncea
muscipula : the valves of the corolla are nearly of the
same structure as the leaves of that plant. I commu-
nicated specimens with this particular circumstance to
Dr. B. S. Barton of Philadelphia, who has made men-
tion of it in a paper on the irritability of plants.

72. MILIUM. Gen.pl. 110. Millet-grass.

L M. paniculae ramis strictis simpliciusculis, floribus mas-
culis alternis pedunculatis 5 floribus femineis in scapis
nnifloris radicalibus vaginatis, demum subterraneis.

In light sandy fields- of New Jersey near Egg-harbour.
July, Aug. v. v .

CW/hz plures teretes, vaginati, sesquipedales et ultra.
Folia lato-linearia, striata, geniculis breviora, undique
pilis longis albidis rigidis tuberculo insidentibus tecta.
Vagince teretes, striati : suprema aphylla, more folio-
rum pilosae. Ligula barbata.

Panicula in summitate culmi, pauciflora, stricta : ramis
simpliciusculis ; pedicellis florum clavatis. Glumis
oblongis, acutis, nervosis, aequalibus, glabriusculis.
Floribus omnibus masculis.

Flores feminei in scapis radicalibus unidoris basi vagina-
tis. Flores ante anthesin erecti, dein reflexi, ad ma-
turitatem seminis magni subrotundi subterranei.

This singular grass deserves particular examination in
the living plants, as I had no opportunity to describe

Tai. Z.p. 61.

TRIANDFvJA DIGYN1A. Milium. 63

it on the spot where I first found it ; not being aware
of its curiosity, until I examined the dried specimens.

73. AGROSTIS. Gen.pl. 111. Bent-grass.

* Aristatcc.

1. A. petalo exteriore arista recta stricta longissima, pani-

cula patula. Willd. sp.pl. 1 . p. 301.

Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 47. Engl. hot. 95 1 .

In rye-fields in Pensylvania and Virginia ; brought there
by seeds of grain from Europe. 0 . June, July. v.v.

2. A. paniculse simplicissimae ramis adpressis, corollis aris-

tatis, arista flore longioribus. Willd. sp. pi. 1.
p. 364.

On the banks of rivers : Virginia and Carolina, If .
July. v. v.

3. A. paniculae ramis unifloris filiformibus, corollis aristatis

calyce inaequali duplo longioribus hirsutis vaginis vil-
losis.

On high mountains in Virginia and Carolina. If . July.
v. v.

Culmus sesquipedalis, glaber. Folia longissime-linearia,
villosa, nervosa. Vagince striatae, villosae. Ligula
brevis. Panicula simplicissima, ramis elongatis uni-
floris. Cal. valvis inaequalibus, villosis, brevi-arista-
tis. Cor. oblonga, villosa, calycis valvula interiore
duplo longior, brevharistata.

4. A. panicula elongata stricta, corollis calyce minoribus :

arista e basi petali tortili flore longiore. Willd. sp.
pl. 1 . p. 3 66.

In good meadow grounds, very frequent. If . June,
July. v. v.

5. A. calycibus elongatis, petalorum arista dorsali recurva,

culmis prostratis subramosis. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p.367.
Icon. FI. dan. )6i.

In wet meadows, frequent. Brought from Europe.
If. . July. v. v.

%% Mutica.

6. A. panicula patente, ramulis divaricatis capillaribus, ca-

lycibus aequalibus, petalo interiore duplo breviore re-
tuso. Smith. Jl. brit. l.p 79*

A. hispida. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 370.

A. capillaris. Eetz. scand no. 95.

Spica venti .

tenuiflora.

paucijlora .

stricta .

canina.

vulgaris .

64

aspera.

alia.

pungens.

Cinna .

metric ana.
indica .

juncea,
lateriflora .

TSIAMDKIA DlGYNIAe AgrOStlS.

Icon. FI. dan . 1 6 J .

Common io all grassy fields» If. . July. v. v.

7° A. paniculis coarctatis lateralibus terminalibusque, va-
ginis barbatis,, foliis recurvatis asperis, glumae valvis
interioribus triplo majoribus. Mich ji. amer . 1. p. 52.

A. barbata. Fers ench. l.p. 75.

A. littoralis. Lam illust. 1. p. ibi.

In the western districts of the United States, in rocky
situations. Michaux. On the sea-shore of Florida.
Lam . If .July. v. s. in Herb. Enslin .

8. A. panicula laxa, calycibus muticis aequalibus, culmo re-
pente. Willd. sp pl l.p. 371.

On the banks of rivulets and springs, frequent. 1/ . July.
v. v.

9. A. panicula contracta spicaeformi, foliis involutis rigidis
pungentibus superioribus oblique oppositis, culmo ra-
moso. Schrel gram. 2. p. 4(5.

A. virginica. Willd . sp. pl. i . p . 3/3.

Icon. Schrel. L c. t. ‘17 .f. 3.

On dry gravelly hills in Virginia. 1/ . July, Aug. v. v.

10. A. panicula magna debili, foliis lato-linearibus glabris,

valvida altera infra apicem subaristata, caule glabro.
Cinna arundinacea. Willd. sp.pl. 1 . p. 3 1 .

On rivers and islands, under the tide waters, common
from Canada to Carolina. I/ . Aug. v. v.

11. A. panicula oblonga congesta, calycibus corollisque acu-

minatis subaequalibus muticis. Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p.374.

In wet meadows : Virginia, &c. 1/ . June. v. v .

12. A. panicula contracta mutica, racemis lateralibus erectis

alternis, glumae valvis exterioribus longissimis, foliis
longissimis, sensim setaceo-convolutis. Mich. Ji.
amer . 1. p. 52. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 375.

In Carolina, Florida, &c. Michaux . Q. +• v. s .
in Herb. Lambert.

13. A panicula oblongo -pyramidata, floribus muticis: val-

vula extima duplo minore, foliis stricte erectis con~
voluto-setaceis rigidulis. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 52.

In barren sandy places : New Jersey to Florida. %.
July, Aug. v. v.

14. A. paniculis lateralibus terminalibusque coarctatis, flo-

ribus muticis, valvulis acutissimis : interioribus ma- ,

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. ' AgrOStlS. 05

joribus basi barbatis, foliis planis brevibus. Mich fi.
amer. 1 , p. 53.

In rich soil on the edges of woods, from N^w York to
Florida, especially in the western countries. I/ . June,

July. v. v. Apparently a grass worth the attention
of the cultivator.

15i A. racemo oblongo, e spicis densifloris interrupto, glumae racemosa .

exterioris valvis in mucronem aristiformem desinenti-
bus, gluma interiore mutica longioribus. Mich.fi.
amer. 1. p. 53.

On the overflowed banks of the river Mississippi, -f .

74. ANTHOXANTHUM. Gen. pi. 58.

1. A. spica oblonga ovata, flosculis subpedunculatis arista odoratum.
longioribus. JVilld.sp.pl. 1 . p. 150.

Icon. Host. gram.. 1 . t. 5. FI. dan. 666. Engl. hot. 64/.

Common in meadows ; probably brought with grass
seeds from Europe. 11 . May — July. v. v,

75. PHALARIS. Gen.pl. 100.

1. P. panicula oblonga ventricosa coarctata, glumis acumi- arundinacea,

natis. Fers. ench. 1. p. 7$. IVilld. sp. pi. 1. p. 320.

Arundo colorata. Ait. hew. ed. 2. 1. p. 174-
Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 33. Engl. hot. 402.

On river banks, frequent : Canada to Virginia. I/ . July,

Aug. v. v.

2. P. panicula multiflora stricta, floribus ovatis villosis. villosa.

Mich. fi. amer. I. p. 43.

In woods of Carolina. Michaux. -f- .

76. PHLEUM. Gen. pl. 128. Timothy- grass.

1. P. spica cylindrica longissima ciliata, culmo erecto. pratense.
Willd. sp. pl. i .p. 354.

Icon. Host, grani. 3. t. 9.

In fields and meadows, common. 1/ . . June— Sept,

v. v.

77. ALOPECLJRUS. Gen.pl. 102.

1 . A. culmo erecto, glumis villosis, corollis muticis. IVilld. pratensis „

sp.pl. 1. p. 3 57.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. /.31, Engl. lot. 759.

In fields and gardens, frequent, introduced from Europe.

11 . May — Aug. v. v.

VOL. I,

%

F

66

mbarislatm.

glaucum .

viride.

verticillatum.

kirt ellum o

Crus galli .

aristatum.

mite.

purpureum.
Walt er i.

TEIANDRIA DIGYNLA. AlopeCURlS.

2c A. culmo erecto, glumis ovalibus obtusis, arista vix ex-
erta. Mich.jt. amer. 1. p. 43.

A. carolinianus, culmo radicante, panicula subspicata,
glumis laevibus, corollis aristatis. Walt.fl. car . 74?
In swamps of Canada. Michaux. 11 . i/. s. in Herb.

Walter .

78. PANICUM. Gen. pi. 10
* Spicata.

1. P. spica tereti subflavida, involucellis bifloris fasciculato-

setosis, seminibus transversim rugosis. Lam. encycl. 4.
p. 736 Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 335.

Jeon. Host. gram. 2. t l6.

Common in fields and on road sides j probably from Eu-
rope. ©. June — Aug. v. v .

2. P. spica tereti subcomposita indivisa, involucellis setosis

mitibus, seminibus nervosis. Lam. encycl. 4. p.7%7 .
Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 335.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. t . 14. Engl, lot 8 75.

In sandy fields nPensylvania and Virginia. ©. July. v. v.

3. P. spica verticillata, racemulis quaternis, involucellis

unifioris bisetis, culmis diffusis. Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 334.

P. alopecuroideum. Walt.Jl. car. 72.

Icon. Host gram . 2. t. 13.

In sandy woods : New Jersey to Carolina. 0. June,
July. v. v. y v. s. in Herb. Walter.

4. P. spica composita : spiculis adpressis alternis, calycibus

geminis : valvulis omnibus aristatis : extiina longissi-
ma. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p . 340.

Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 52.

In shady places : Carolina and Florida. Michaux. -f.

5. P. spicis alternis conjugatisque crassis squarrosis, glumis

hispidis aristatis, rachi angulato vaginis glabris. Lam.
encycl. 4. p. 744. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 33 7*

Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 1 9. Engl. lot. S 76. Fox-tail,
a. P glumis omnibus aristatis : aristis praelongis.

/3. P. glumis omnibus muticis mucronatis.
y. P. glumis mucronatis coloratis.

In cultivated grounds, frequent. ©.July. v. v.

6. P. spicis alternis erectis solitariis simplicibus, glumis

ovatis, muricato-hispidis aristatis : arista altera lon-

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. PanicUm. 6 7

gissima, rachi trigona, vaginis hispidissimis, foliis
glabris.

P. muricatam. Mich.fi. amer. ]. p. 47*

P. hirtellum. Wklt.fi. cur. 72.

Near the salt-water : Canada and New York. 0. July — -
Sept. v. v. ; v. s. in Herb. Lambert, nec non Walter .

/. P. spicis solitariis alternis simplicissimis, rachi glumisque molle .

dense pubescentibus, glumis solitariis alternis ovatis
muticis bifloris : flore altero masculo, altero herma-
phrodito. Mich.fi amer. 1. p. 4 7.

In sedgy meado ws : Florida. Michaux. +.

** Paniculata .

S. P. racemis linearibus virgatis, glumis clavatis coloratis, fusco-rulens •
pilis sub panicula divisuris. Lam. encycl. 4. p . 7^7*

Icon. Sloan, hist. 1 . t. 72 f. 2 ?

In rice fields in Georgia. If. . Aug. v. s.

9. P. panicula oblonga, glumis majusculis glabris viridibus striatum ,

pulchre striatis. Lam. encycl. 4. /). 748.

In Carolina. Fraser, -f.

10. P. panicula virgata ramosissima, glumis ovatis acumina- virgatum .

tis muticis bifloris, foliis longissimis planis.

P. virgatum. Mich.fi amer. 1. p. 352.

P. coloratum. Walt.fi. car. 73.

On river sides : New England to Carolina. 2£ . July,

Aug. v.v. Very tall.

11 . P. panicula capillacea ramosa, glumis striatis pubescen- nitidum ,

tibus, seminibus nitidis, foliis remotis lanceolato-line-
aribus collo barbatis, caule glabro.

P. nitidum. Lain, encycl. 4. p. 743. Mich.fi. amer. JL

P 49.

|3.P. omnibus partibus multo majus. majus

Common in woods and fields. O. June — Aug. v. v .

P. barbulatum Mich. I consider a variety of th s
species.

12. P. paniculis simplicissimis paucifloris, glumis obovatis, dichotomum ,

foliis lineari-lanceolatis divaricatis glabris basi et collo
barbatis, caule dichotomo.

P. dichotomum. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 346.

In dry woods, frequent. If. July, Aug. v. v.

13. P. panicula capillari ramosissima laxa, floribus minutis capillari •

F 2

I

TKIANDRIA DIGYNIA. Panicum.

diffusum.

scoparium.

nodiflorum .

proliferum.

pubescens.

laxiflorum.

latifolium.

clandesti-

num..

omnibus pedicellatis solitariis oblongo-ovatis acumina-
tis muticis, foliis vaginisque hirsutissimis. Mich.Jl.
amer. 1 . p. 4 J. IVilld. sp. pl. 1 . p. 34 9.

In sandy fields : New Jersey to Florida. 0 . June —
Aug. v. v. This grass is remarkably variable in size.
I have seen specimens from three inches to five feet
high.

34. P. panicula simpliciuscnla capillari patente, flosculis re-
motiusculis acutis, culmo simplici, foliis longis linea-
ribus collo vaginisque villosis. Swartz. prodr. 23.

P. caespiti itium. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 743.

In dry sandy woods : Virginia, Carolina, &c. © . July.

v. v.

15. P. panicula erecta composita setaceo-ramosissima, glu-

mis obovatis pubescentibus, foliis lanceolatis villosis.
Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p. 49,

In dry swamps of Carolina. Michaux. 0 . .

16. P. paniculis minimis lateralibus terminalibusque, glumis

ovatis pubescentibus, foliis angustis brevi usculis collo
barbatis. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 744.

P. ramulosum. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 30.

In dry fields : Pensylvania to Carolina. ©. July. v. v.

17- P* glaberrimum, paniculis oblongis erectis lateralibus
terminalibusque, glumis oblongis acutis striatis, caule
ramoso-dichotomo. Lam,. encycl. 4. p. 747.

P. dichotomiflorum. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p 48.

In rich soil, in woods, on edges of ditches : Pensylva-
nia to Carolina. I/ . July, Aug. v. v.

P. erectum ramosissimum pubescens, paniculis parvis
paucifloris laxis sessilibus, glumis globoso-ovatis sub*
pedicellatis^ pubescentibus. Lam. encycl 4. p. 748.
Mich.Jl. amer. 4. p. 49.

In shady rich woods : Virginia to Carolina. ©. July. v. v.
P. panicula patente laxa pilosa, glumis raris obtusis pu-
bescentibus. Lam . encycl. 4. p. 748.

In North America. Lamarck. 0. +.

20. P. panicula patenti mediocri, glumis ovatis acutiusculis
subpubescentibus, foliis ovafo-lanceolatis amplexicau-
libus glabris, vaginis pilosis.

P. latifolium. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 350.
j8. P paniculis inclusis paucifloris. IVilld. sp. pl. l.p.351.

In shady woods : New England to Georgia. % . July.

18

19

TRIANDKIA DIGYNIA. Panicum.

21. P. erectum, paniculae ramis simplicibus interrupte race-

mulosis, flore accessorio neutro : hermaphrodito val-
vis primariis semibreviore obtusissimo, foliis longis, va-
ginis compressis pilosis. Mich.jl. amer. l.p. 48. ,

In shady wet woods : Carolina. Michaux. + .

22. P. debile, glaberrimum, panicula gracili longa : ramulis

raris adpressis, glumae membranaceae valvis subaequa-
libus lanceolatis, foliis angustis longis. Mich. Jl.
amer. 1 . p. 50.

P. nudum. Walt. Jl. car. 73 ?

In Carolina and Georgia. I/ . July, Aug. v. v.

23. P. glabrum, erectum panicula pyramidata, ramis pau-

cis dissitis, plerisque geminis simpliciusculis divaricatis
reflexisque, floribus muticis binis : altero pedicellato
neutro, foliis angusto-longis. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 50.
In high mountains of Carolina. Michaux. -f-«

24. P. glabrum, elatum ; paniculis pyramidatis lateralibus

geminis elongato-pedunculatis terminalibusque : ra-
mulis alternis divaricatis, glumis alternis oblongis acu-
tis pedicellatis coloratis, foliis longis : collo subbarba-
to, caule compresso.

In ditches and near ponds : New Jersey to Virginia.
I/.July. v. v. A very handsome grass, sometimes
five feet high panicle a dark purple mixed with green.

25. P. panicula solitaria folio terminali breviora : ramis sim-

plicibus flexuosis, glumis alternis pedunculatis obova-
tis turgidis : valvulis multistriatis acutis, foliis lineari*
bus strictis sensim acutissimis, supra striatis scabris
subtus pilosis, vaginis longissime pilosis.

On the banks of Delaware : Pensylvania. ©. July. v. v.

7g. DIG1TARIA. Hall. Crop-grass.

1. D. spicis pluribus, floribus imbricatis geminis, vaginis

foliisque papilloso -pilosis, culmo repente. Mich . Jl.
amer. ] . p. 45.

Panicum sanguinale. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 342.

Paspalum sanguinale. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 33.

Syntherisma praecox. Walt. fi. car. 76.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 17 . Curt. lond. 4. t. 7.

Common in cultivated ground. ©. June — Aug. v. v .

2. D. spicis pluribus (2 — 5) : erectis filiformibus, floribus

09
anceps ,

melicarium .

divaricatum .

elongatum .

strictum .

Sanguinale *

pilosa .

70

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. Patlicum.

p aspaloides.

cerotina .

Dactylon .

sdaceum*

delile.

remotis hirsutis geminis : altero vix pedicellate, foliis
brevibus, vaginis pilosis, culmo erecto glabro superne
nudo. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 45.

Syntherisma villosa. lValt.fi car. 77*

Panicum filiforme. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p.343.

Paspalum debile. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 34.

In sandy dry fields and on hills: New Jersey to Georgia,
©• May— Aug. v. v.

3. D. spicis geminis basi subvillosis, rachi latiuscula glabra,

floribus solitariis bifariam imbricatis glabris, foliis pa-
tentibus, vaginis glabris collo villosis, culmo repente.
Mich.Jl. amer. l.p. 46.

Paspalum supinum. Bosc. in lam. encycl. 5. p. 2g.

On hills of red clay and iron ore : Virginia. ©.July.

v . v.

4 . D. spicis pluribus setaceis, • floribus binis vel ternis mi-

nutis pedicellatis, foliis vaginisque villosis, culmo de-
cumbente. Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p. 46.

Syntherisma serotina. Walt. fl. car. ?6.

In low wet places : Carolina. ©. June — Aug. v. v .

80. CYNODON, Richard in Pers. ench. 1 . p. 85.

1. C. spicis digitatis patentibus, basi interiori villosis, flo-
ribus solitariis, sarmentis repentibus. Pers. I. c .
Panicum Dactylon. IVilld. sp. pl. l.p 342.

Digitaria Dactylon. Alium. Jl. ped. 11. 238.

Paspalum Dactylon. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 32.

Paspalum praecox. Walt.Jl. car. 75.

On road sides and in cultivated ground, frequent. 1/ .
v. v. ,* v. s. in Herb. Walter .

81. PASPALUM. Gen.pl. 81.

1. P. spica unica gracili, glumis geminis suborbiculato-obo-

vatis glabris, foliis villosis, culmo setaceo erecto. Mich.
jl. amer . 1. p. 43.

P. dissectum. Walt.Jl. car. 75.

In dry sandy fields in Lower Carolina. © . June, July.
v. s.

2. P. spica plerumque unica tenui, glumis uniseriatis, con-

tigue alternis solitariis pubescentibus, brevi-obovatis,
foliis hirsutis, culmo debili setaceo. Mich fl. amer. l.
p. 43.

On the sea-shores of Carolina and Georgia. Michaux . + .

TKIANBBIA BIGYNIA. PaSpaluOl,

3. P. spicis alternis subbinis, glumis subtriseriatis geminis
orbiculato-obovatis obtusis glabris, foliis lanceolato-
linearibus serrulato-ciliatis, culmo decumbente. Mich.
fi amer . ] p. 44.

In clay soil where iron ore abounds : Virginia and Caro»
lina. 1/ . July. v. v.

4- P. spicis pluribus alternis, glumis biseriatis suborbicula-
to-ovatis glabris laevibus, foliis glabris, ligula ciliata,
vaginis compressis, caule suberecto. Mich. JI. amer, 1,
p . 44.

P. lenti ferum. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 30.

P. membranaceam. Walt.fi. car. /5.

In dry meadows and grassy hills : Pensylvania to Caro»
lina. l/.June — Aug. v.v.

5. P. spicis paucis erectis, glumis biseriatis suborbiculatis fidridanum,

glabris laevibus, foliis inferioribus pilosis, superioribus
glabris, vaginis longissimis, caule erecto. Mich.fi .
amer. 1 . p. 44.

P. virgatum. Walt. fi. car. 75 ?

In sandy fields : Carolina to Georgia. 0. June. v. s.

6. P. glaberrimum ; spicis pluribus alternis erectis, glumis plicatum .

subtriseriatis brevibus ovatis rufescentibus glabris,
valvula plana juxta margines transverse plicata, foliis
longis, caule erecto. Mich fi amer. 1. p. 45.

P. paniculatum, lValt.fi. car. 75 ?

In Georgia and Florida. Michaux. -f.

7. P. spiculis elongato* racemosis subvertici! latis p dentibus, stoloniferumt

glumis alternis ovatis serrulato-ciliatis transverse-rugo-
sis, foliis brevibus basi subcordatis, caule basi pro-
strato.

P. stoloniferum. Bosc in linn. trans. 2. p. 83.

P. racemosum. Jacq. ic. rar. t. 302.

Milium latifolium. Cav. ic. 3. p. 37 . t. 2J3.

Icon. Bosc. 1. c. Jacq. I. c.

In cedar swamps of New Jersey. 71 . July, Aug. v. v „

I found this plant among a parcel of grasses and other
plants collected in autumn 1811, in Monmouth coun-
ty, New Jersey. As I had no time to examine the
collection then, I was much surprised on finding this
very interesting grass among them. That it is the
same with P. stoloniferum. of Peru, I have no doubt,
as I carefully compared it with the specimens in the
collection of A. B. Lambert, Esq,

71

ciliatum .

Iceve.

72

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA»

dichotoma.

82. ARISTIDA. Gen.pl. 125.

].A. cespitosa, culmis dich'otomis, floribus subspicatis,
subuniaristatis : arista contorta gluma breviore : late-
ralibus brevissimis. Mich.ji. amer. 1. p. 41.

On dry gravelly soil : New England to Carolina, com-
mon. <^.May — July. v.v. Resembles Nardus stricta.

stricta .

2. A. culmis foliisque stricte erectis, racemo longo spicato
coarctato : aristis gluma longioribus, foliis convoluto-
filiformibus, glabris. Mich.ji. amer. l. p. 41.

In shady rocky situations, on river sides : Virginia, Ca-
rolina, &c. 2/. June, July, v v.

oligantha.

3. A. culmo stricto subramoso, foliis convoluto-filiformi-
bus, floribus distantibus solitariis, aristis longis diva-
ricatis. Mich.ji. amer. 1. p. 41.

A. adscensionis Walt.jl. car. 74.

On the banks of rivers, in rocky places : Illinois, Vir-
ginia, &c. %. June, July. v.v.

juncea.

83. STIPA. Gen.pl.

1. S. foliis convoluto-filiformibus, panicula laxa, calycibus
subaristatis semine longioribus, aristis longis vix pu-
bescentibus.

S. juncea. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 440.

Icon. Desf. atl, 1 . t. 28.

On the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis. % . Aug.
v. s. in Herb. Lewis. By a careful comparison of this
plant and one from the north-west coast of America,
collected by Mr. Menzies, in possession of A. B. Lam-
bert, Esq. and a specimen from the south of Europe
in the same collection, I could find no other distinc-
tion from S .juncea than the seeds being more pubes-
cent, and the arista not so much as figured in Desfon-
taines’ Flora.

canadensis .

2. S. foliis setaceis, panicula parva, calycibus glabris ob-
tuse-ovatis semine pubente aequantibus, aristis crassis
brevibus. Lam. encycl. 7. p. 452.

A. juncea. Mich.ji. amer. 1 . p. 54.

In rocky places : Canada, Hudson’s Bay, &c. +•

avenacea.

3. S. foliis striatis glabris, panicula patente subunilaterali :
ramis verticillatis ramulosis; calycibus acutis membra-
naceis semine glabro aequantibus, aristis nudis, tor*
tuosis .— Wilid. sp.pl. 1. p. 442.

TRIANDKIA DIGYNIA. Stipa.

In barren dry woods : Virginia, Carolina, &c. I/ . June»
v. v.

4. S. foliis convoluto-filiformibus, panicula pauciflora : ra-

mis simplicibus 1-2-floris, calycibus oblongis acumi-
natis semine vix longioribus, corollis stipitatis : stipite
barbato. — Fahl. symb. 2. p. 24.

S. barbata. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 53.

S. avenacea. Walt.ji. car. 77-
S. virginica. Pers. ench. 1 . p. 99*

Icon. Cav. ic, 5. t. 4(56. f. 2 ? Winter-green .

In shady woods : Virginia to Georgia. ]/ . July, Aug.
v. v.

5. S. foliis tereti-filiformibus longissimis, panicula effusa

tenuissime capillacea, calyce corolla parva triplo bre-
viore, aristis nudis strictis. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 54.

S. capillaris. Lam. encycl. J. p. 450.

S. diffusa. Walt.ji. car. 78.

In sandy fields : New Jersey to Carolina. 1/ . June — -
Aug. v. v. This elegant grass, whose silky purple
panicles exceed in beauty any other I know, seems to
deviate from the rest of this genus, particularly in the
short glumes of the calyx, and almost deserves to be a
separate genus.

6. S. foliis striatis glabris glaucescentibus, spicis alternis

paniculatis expansis, floribus sessilibus remotis, caly-
cibus corolla longioribus, arista brevissima nuda. — ■
Lam. encycl. 7- P • 453.

In Carolina. Bosc. -j-.

7. S. foliis arundinaceis, panicula elongata aristata, pe-

dunculis articulatis strictissimis, aristis rmdis subflex-
uosis. Lam. encycl. 7. p. 453.

In Carolina. Fraser. -j-.

84 SACCHARUM. Gen. pl. 104.

1. S. vaginis lanatis, gluma villis breviore, valvis exterio-
ribus villosis. Pers. ench. 1. p. 103.

Erianthus saccharoides. Mich.Ji. amer, l.p.55.
Anthoxanthum giganteum. Walt.ji. car. 65.
Andropogon culmo paniculato. Gron.Ji. virg. 133.

In low places generally among rocks : Virginia to Flori-
da, rare. 1/. July, Aug. v.v. From five to nine feet
high, with very large panicles, which when in flower
are extremely handsome.

73
bicolor .

sericea .

expansa „
stricta „

giganteum .

74

Irevilarlis .

nutans .

avenaceus.

ambiguus.

alopecuroi-

des.

Scoparium.

triandria DXGYNiA. Saccbarum.

2. S. vaginis collo subvillosis, panicula stricta, gluma vil-
lis longiore, valvis acutissimis nudis. Fers. ench. i.
p. 103.

Erianthus brevibarbis. Mich Ji. amer . l. p. 55.

On dry hills, in mountains: Virginia, Tennassee, Caro-
rolina, &c. 11/. July. v.v. Not above two feet high.

85. ANDROPOGON. Gen. pi. 1 566.

* Panicula terminali.

1. A. panicula ramosa coarctata nutante, floribus geminatis

aristatis, calycibus hirsutis, hermaphrodito sessili,
masculo pedicellato caduco. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. QOQ.
In barren dry situations : New England to Florida. 1/.
June, July. v.v.

2. A. foliis asperis vaginisque glabris, panicula nuda sub-

pyramidatim oblonga multiflora, floribus rufescentibus
triandris, glumae valva altera villosa, arista valde con-
torta. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 58.

In the prairies of Illinois. Michaux. +.

3. A. foliis amplexicaulibus subcordato-lanceolatis, panicula

ramis promisse setaceis simplicibus erectis, glumis so-
litarie alternis unifloris, flore imberbi longissime aris-
tato trandro, flosculi accessorii incremento aristiformi.
Mich.fi amer. 1. p. 58.

In sandy woods : Carolina. Michaux. +•

4. A. panicula simplici oblonga elongata, spicis verticillatis

simplicibus, floribus aristatis geminatis, altero sessili,
altero pedicellato, rachi lanata, lana floribus longiore.
Willd. sp. pl. 4 p. 911.

Icon. Sloan, hist. 1. t. JO.f 1.

In North America. Limi. sp. pl. 1045. +.

This species is very doubtful as a North American plant;
the synonym of Gronovius evidently belongs to Sac -
charum giganteum. Neither Michaux nor any other
botanist (as far as I could learn) collected it in North
America.

5. A. spicis simplicibus pedunculatis geminatis stricte pa-

niculatis, floribus geminis, hermaphrodito sessili lan-
ceolato aristato, neutro pedicellato aristato, rachi cili-
ata.— Mich.fi amer. 1. p. 5?.

A. purpurascens. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 913.

A. divaricatum. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p . QO 5 ?

TRI ANDRI A. DIGYNIA. AlldrOpOgOO. „

Common in old fields and dry meadows ; called Broom-
grass. 11 . June — Aug v. v. A very obnoxious weed.

** Spicis conjugatis s. fasciculatis.

§. A. vaginis margine villosis, paniculis lateralibus fascicu-
latim polystachyis, floribus monandris, arista 4-5-
tuplo glumae longitudine, valvis anterioribus glabris.
Mich.jl amer. I. p. 56.

Cinna glomerata. Walt.Jl. car. 5Q.

In low meadows and woods : Carolina and Florida. 11 . -f .

7- A. vaginis glabris, culmis erectis, spicis lateralibus dis-
sitis, floribus monandris, arista longa recta, valvis in-
terioribus glabris. Mich.jl. amer. i. p. 57-
Cinna lateralis. Walt.Jl. car. 59.

In dry woods and old fields, frequently found on high
mountains: Pensylvania to Florida. I/.July. v.v.

0. A. ramis remote alternis solitariis simplicibus plerisque
tristachyis, spicis distanter alternis bifidis, villis invo-
lucri gluma brevioribus, floribus triandris, valvis in-
terioribus subviilosis, intima ex incisura aristam lon-
gam contortam emittente. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 57.
In the mountains of Virginia and North Carolina.

July, v v.

9. A. paniculae spicis conjugatis, pedunculis simplicibus,
rachi lanata, flosculis muticis : mascula tabescente.
Willd . sp.pl. 4. p. 916.

In Virginia. Gronov. 2/.+.

10. A. spicis conjugatis paniculatis, panicula bracteata fasti-

giato-corymbosa, floribus ternis muticis, intermedio
hermaphrodito sessili, lateralibus neutris pedicellatis,
rachi longissime ciliata. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. Ql6.

In Virginia. Gronov. If. -f.

11. A spicis digitatis subquaternis, floribus geminatis, her-

maphrodito sessili aristato, masculo mutico pedicellato,
rachi pilosa. Willd. sp. pl 4. p. 919.

In rocky situations : Canada to Virginia, rare. 2/ . June,
July. v. v .

macrourus ,

dissitiflorus .

ternarius .

virginicus .

licornist

furcatus.

86. ATHEROPOGON. Muhll. in Wiild. sp. pl. 4. p. Q37°

1. Atheropogon. Willd. 1. c. apludoiies .

In North America. Muhll. + . About a foot high 5
leaves narrow 3 flowers alternate in a spike.

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA.

pratense.

87* TRISETUM. Pers. ench. 1. p. 97.

1. T. panicula subcontracta, spicis nitidis, vaginis longis
striatis glabris, foliis superne villosis. Pers. 1. c.

Avena flavescens. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 44 g.

Icon. Schrel. gram. t. g. Host. gram,. 3. t. 38.

In meadows ; Pensylvania and Virginia, rare. 1/ . July.

V. v .

pumila .

89. AIRA. Gen.pl. 112.

1. A. panicula parva fastigiata (paucidora) : pedicellis bre-
vibus, floribus muticis obtusis calyce duplo longiori-
bus : valvulis margine membranaceis, foliis planis gla-
bris, culmo erecto vix foliis altiore.

On barren clay soil, near brick-yards : Pensylvania. If .
June. v. v. Scarce an inch high ; in close tufts.

aquatica .

2. A. panicula patente semiverticillata, floribus muticis ob-
tusis laevibus calyce longioribus, foliis planis, culmo
repente.— WUld. sp. pl. 1. p. SJQ.

Jeon. Host. gram. 2. t. 41. Engl. lot. 1557-
On water sides and sometimes floating in water, frequent.
11 . May — July. v. v.

melicoides.

3. A. panicula parva subracematim coarctata : gluma com-
muni partialibusque majusculis lineari-lanceolatis mu-
ticis : floribus basi villosis, rudimento flosculi tertii,

altus at a.

foliis planis glabris, culmo erecto. Midi. jl. amer. 1.
p. 62.

In shady woods : Canada to Pensylvania. If.. July. v. v ,

4. A. panicula in racemum oblongum confertiflorum co-
arctata, floribus muticis apice compressis, glumae val-
va altera angusto-lineari acuta : altera lato-obovali ro-

Irevifolia .

tundato-obtusissima, foliis planis, culmo gracili erecto.
Mich.Jl. amer. 1, p. 62.

In dry fields : New England to Florida. If . June, July.

V. V.

5. A. panicula semiverticillata patente : ramis simplicius-
culis aUernifioris,, floribus muticis calycem aequan-
tibus, glumis omnibus lanceolatis acutis, foliis planis,
culmo stricto glabro nudiusculo.

In the plains of Missouri. M. Lewis. If. . June, July.
v. s. in Herb. Lewis. This grass is the most common
in those plains.

capillacea .

6. A. panicula capillacea effusa, flosculis muticis calyce

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. Afra.

longioribus : altero pedicellate, glumis acutis carina
asperis, foliis angustis glabris brevibus, culmo erecto.
A. capillacea. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 1 77*

On slate hills and in sandy fields : Virginia to Carolina.
11 . July. v. v. About eight inches high ; panicle
purple.

7- A. foliis setaceis, vaginis angulatis, floribus paniculato-
spicatis, flosculis basi aristatis. Willd . sp. pi. 1.

p. 380.

Icon. FI. dan. 383.

On dry sandy hills : Virginia, &c. 0. June. v. v.

8. A. panicula patente, petalis aristatis basi villosis : arista
recta brevi. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 378.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. /.42. Engl. hot. 1153.

In meadows, frequent. I/. June, July. v. v.

{3. A. foliis subsetaceis. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 6l.

In Canada, -i- . Appears to be only a variety of A. ces -
pitosa.

Q. A. panicula patente trichotoma : pedunculis flexuosis,
aristis geniculatis, foliis setaceis, culmo subnudo. —
Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 378.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 43. Engl. hot. 1519- FI.
dan. 157.

In shady woods and meadows : Canada to Carolina. I/ .
July. v. v.

10. A. panicula sparsa purpurea, floribus aristatis, glumis
altera bifida nervo aristata : altera integra plumosa
concava, foliis subulatis, culmo erecto .'—Walt. fi.
car. 78.

In Carolina. Walter, -f .

90, MELICA. Gen.pl. 113.

1. M. panicula laxa pauciflora : ramulis simplicibus, flori»

bus obtusis imberbibus, caule erecto glabro .—Midi,
fi. amer. 1 . p. 62.

M. mutica. Walt.fi. car. 78.

Icon. Moris, hist. 3. s. 8. t. J.f 51.

In shady places: Virginia to Florida. 1/ . July. v. s.

2. M. panicula diffusa ramosissima, floribus acutis imberbi-

bus, caule erecto pubescente.

M. altissima. Walt.fi. car. 78.

In sandy swamps : Virginia and Carolina. 1/ . Jane. v. s.

77

praecox .

cespilosa.

ambigua.
flexuosa .

purpurea .

glabra .

diffusa.

78

striatus .

fragrans .

lanatus.

saccharatum .

trivialis .

pratensis.

TRIA.NDRIA DIGYNIA»

91. HOLCUS. Gen.pl. 1505,

1. H. panicula conferta oblonga: pedunculis brevissimis

confertis ramosis, glumis bifloris striatis muticis acu-
minatis, foliis planis longis.- — Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 935.
In swamps of Virginia. Clayt. -f. This species ap-
pears to belong to Aira.

2. H. panicula patula, glumis trifloris muticis, flosculis

confertis, hermaphrodito intermedio diandro glabro,
masculis triandris, valvula exteriore levissime ciliata,
dorso laevibus. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. Q36.

H. odoratus. Mich.Jl. amer. I. p. 56.

In low meadows on the borders of lakes : Canada to
Virginia. I/. July. v. v. A very fine grass.

3. H. glumis bifloris, hermaphrodito mutico, masculi aris-

ta flore multo breviore recurva. Willd . sp. pl. 4.

p. 933.

Icon. Host. gram. l.f. 2. Schreb. gram. t. 20. f. 1.

In low meadow's, frequent. I/ . June, July. v.v.

92. SORGHUM. Pers. ench. 1 . p. 101. Broom-grass.

1. S. panicula subverticillata patentissima, seminibus ellip-
ticis glumis villosis persistentibus tectis. Pers. ench. 1.
p. 101.

Icon. Mich, in act. helv. 8. t. 4 f. I.

Cultivated for the purpose of making brooms, and fre-
quently found in an apparently wild state. ©• July.
v. v.

93. POA. Gen.pl. 114. Meadow-grass.

1. P. panicula diffusa, spiculis trifloris, glumis lanceolatis

quinquenervibus basi villo connexis, ligula elongata.
Smith jl. brit. 1 . p. 103. Willd. sp. pl. J . p. 387.
Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 62. Engl hot. t. 1072.
Common in meadows and fields. I/ . June — Aug. v. v.

2. P. panicula diffusa, spiculis quadrifloris, glumis lanceo-

latis quinquenervibus villo connexis, ligula abbreviata
obtusa. Smith Jl. brit. 1. p. 104. Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p 388.

Icon. Elost. gram. 2. t. 6l. Engl, hot t. 1073.

In grassy fields, not so frequent. I/ . May, June. v. i\

TRI ANDRIA DIGYNIA. Poa.

3. P. panicula diffusa, spiculis ovatis subquadrifloris, glumis

ianceolatis trinervibus, ligula brevi truncata. Schreb .
gram.

In all meadows and grass plots, common. 7/ . June— -

Aug. v. v.

4. P. panicula foliisque attenuatis, spiculis Ianceolatis sub-

trifloris, glumis acutis obsolete quinquenervibus, ligula
brevissima crenata. Smith Ji. brit. 1. p. 106.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. t.J\. Engl. bot. 12 65.

In grassy shady places, rare. 7/ „ June, July. v. v.

5. P. panicula divaricata, spiculis ovatis, flosculis remo-

tiusculis quinquenervibus liberis, culmi obliquo com-
presso. Smith Jl. brit. 1. p. 105. Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 390.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 64. Leers Jl. herb. t. 6. fi 1.

In fields and grass plots, frequent. ©. April — Sept. v.v.

6. P. panicula ditfusa, spiculis quadridoris cordatis, glumis

ovatis subfalcatis liberis, ligulis inferioribus brevissimis.
Smith fi. brit. 1 p . 100. Willd. sp. pl. 1 .p. 386.
Icon. Engl bot. ]003. Scheuchz. gram. t. 3.

On the Allegany mountains, frequent. 7/ . July. v.v.

7. P. panicula diffusa, spiculis ovato-oblongis nitidis. Willd .

sp. pl. 1 . p. 390.

In Pensylvania and Virginia. % . v. s. in Herb. Walter.

8. P. panicula secunda coarctata, culmo adscendente com-

presso, flosculis angulosis basi villo complicato con-
nexis. Smith fi. brit. 1. p 99. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 397.
Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 70. Engl. bot. 365. Blue-grass.
In dry fields and meadows, common. 7/ . June — Aug.

v. v.

9. P. panicula aequali diffusa, spiculis ovatis quinquefloris,

floribus liberis septemnervibus obtusis, culmo sulcato
subangulato, radice subrepente. Willd. enum. 105.
Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 389-
P. striata. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 69.

P. lineata. Pers. ench. 1. p.$Q.

In meadows and fields, common. 7/ . June— Aug. v. v.

10. P. panicula laxa patentissima capillari, sp:culis tri-quin-
quefloris, floribus ovatis acutis pubescentious, loliis
collo pilosis, culmo ramosissimo. — Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p 394.

Icon. Moris, hist. 3. s. 8 t 6. f 33.

In fields and sandy woods : Canada to Florida, common.
G.June — Aug. v.v. Very variable.

79
viridis .

nemoralis .

annua «

alpina*

flava0
compressa »

nervata .

capillaris .

80,

tenella .

erocata ,

hirsuta.

aquatica.

parvifiora .

suhv er titilla-
ta.

Eragrostis .

TRIANDRIA DIG V NI A. Poa.

11. P. panicula subverticillata capillari, pedunculis flexuosis,

spiculis linearibus subsexfloris pedicellatis, floribus
oblongis acutis minutis glabris, foliis brevibus planis
apice subulatis glabris, vaginis collo barbatis culmo
decumbente.

P. tenella. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 3g5 ?

In sandy fields : New Jersey to Carolina. © . July. v. v. j
v. s. in Herb . Lambert, sub nomine P. pilosce.

12. P. panicula laxa patula, spiculis ovatis quadri-quinque-

floris pedicellatis, floribus oblongis subpubescentibus,
foliis glabris, vaginis collo nudo, culmo erecto glabro.
Mich.jl. amer. 1 . p. 68.

In Canada, Hudson’s Bay, and Lake Mistassins. Michaux.
-f .

13. P. panicula ramosissima capillari, spiculis sparsis longe

pedicellatis subquinquefloris, floribus, oblongis acutis
glabris, foliis culmo longioribus glabris, vaginis hirsu-
tissimis, culmo erecto crasso. Midi Jl. amer. 1. p. 68.
In sandy fields : New Jersey to Carolina, frequent. © .
July. v. v.

14. P. panicula erecta semiverticillata : ramulis flexuosis,

spiculis ovatis quinquefloris crassis, floribus obtusis
glabris septemnervibus, culmo erecto glabro tereti.

P. aquatica. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 38 5 ?

In ditches, frequently in salt-marshes : Canada to Vir-
ginia. l/.June — Aug. v. v. It approaches P. aqua-
tica very nearly, but seems to differ in habitus and
other characters considerably.

15. P. panicula diffusa capillari semiverticillata ramosissima

spiculis parvis subquadrifioris, floribus oblongis sub-
acutis exquisite striatis, foliis distichis culmum supe-
rantibus glabris, ligulis lancedlatis acuminatis, culmo
exerto vagi nato.

P. striata. Lam . encycl. 5. p. 84 ?

In close copses and shady places : New York to Virgi-
nia. 11. July. v.v. About a foot high 3 very slender.

16. P. panicula laxa basi subverticillata, pedicel] is elongatis,'

spiculis raris subquinquefloris, calycibus crassiusculis
subangulatis obtusis. Pers . ench. 1. p. g4.

P. laxa. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 183.

In Virginia. Lamarck, -f.

17. P. panicula patente pyramidata, ramulis divaricatis, spi-

culis linearibus decemfloris, floribus ovatis acutis tri-

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. POa.

SI

nervibus glabris, foliis brevibus. — Willd. sp. pi. ]„

p. 392.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 69 ?

In low sandy grass fields : Virginia, Carolina, &c. 7/ .

June, July. v. v. The spikes are of a greenish colour
and long.

3 8. P. panicula erecta : ramis inferioribus inferne nudis, spi-
culis oblongis alternis subsessilibus sexfloris, flosculo-
rum valva exteriore dorso inferne marginibusque vil-
losa apice quinquefida, vaginarum collo axillisque pa-
niculae pilosis, foliis culmoque erecto glabris.

P. seslerioides. Mkb.f amer . 1. p. 68.

In mountain meadows, frequent : New England to Ca-
rolina. Commonly called Red-top. % • July, Aug.
v. v. A most excellent grass. I have seen mountain
meadows in Pensyl vania, where they mow this grass
twice a year, producing most excellent crops each time,
without manure, or any other trouble than the mow-
ing, lasting for the space of sixteen years, without
the least decline in the crops, the soil at the same time
being a very indifferent one.

19. P. panicula laxa patula erecta, spiculis linearibus duode-

cimfloris : rachi deflorata valvulis flosculorum interio-
ribus persistentibus pectinata, floribus ovatis acumi-
natis trinervibus, vaginarum collo axillisque paniculae
pilosis, foliis culmoque erecto glabris. — Mich.Ji. amer .
l.p. 69.

In sandy fields : New Jersey to Carolina, and the west-
ern territories, frequent. 0. July. v.v.

20. P. panicula divaricata ramosissima, spiculis pendulis li-

nearibus decemfloris, floribus ovatis acutis margine
dorsoque scabris, vaginarum collo axillisque paniculae
pilosis, foliis culmoque erecto brevi glabris.

Poa amabilis. Walt. ji. car. 80.

In dry barren sand-fields : New York to Carolina. ©.
July. v. v. A beautiful grass : the large panicle is
purple mixed with green stripes.

21. P. paniculis fasciculatis, spiculis subsessilibus longissimis

multifloris, floribus oblongis acutis laxis, foliis bre-
vibus pubescentibus, culmo ramoso repente.— Midi.
Jl. amer. l.p. 69.

P. hypnoides. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 8/.

Icon. Mich. I. c.t. 11.

In mossy swamps and shady places : Pensylvania, Vir-

VOL. I, G

quinquefula.

pectinacea.

spectabilis*

reptans .

82

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. Poa.

ginia, and on the banks of the Mississippi. 0. July.
v v. This is the most delicate grass in North Ame-
rica.

Eragrostis .

94. BRIZA. Gen.pl. 115.

2. B. spiculis ovali- lanceolatis vigintifloris, floribus subacu-
tis, collo vaginarum piloso, culmo geniculato decum-
bente. Mich. Jl. amer . 1. p . 72. JVilld. sp. pl. 1.
p. 405.

B. caroliniana. Walt.Jl. car. 79.

Icon. Schreb. gram. 2. t. 39.

In wet fields and swamps : Virginia to Carolina. ©June.
v. v.

canadensis.

2. B. panicula laxa, spiculis erectis 4 — 10- floris, gluma
communi parvula, florum valva exteriore acuta ovata,
foliis longis, cu^mo erecto. Mich. Jl, amer. l.p. 71.
In Canada. Michaux. +.

virens.

3. B. spiculis ovatis, calyce flosculis (7) sequali, pedun-
lis longis. JValt.fi. car. 79.

In Carolina. Walter, -f.

latifolia .

95. UNIOLA. Gen.pl. llQ.

1. U. panicula laxa, spiculis omnibus longe pedicellatis,
calyce trivalvi, floribus monandris subfalcatis carina
pilosis, foliis latis planis. Mick.fi . amer. 1. p. 70.

On the Allegany mountains, in shady woods, among
rocks. 1/. June. v.v. A very handsome grass.

panicutaia.

2. U. panicula longa, spiculis subsessilibus, calyce multi-
valvi, floribus triandris carina glabris, foliis convo-
lutis, culmo altissimo. — Willd. sp pl. 1. p. 406.

U. maritima. Mich- fi. amer. 1 . p. Jl.

Icon. Catesb. car. 1. i. 32. Pluli. aim. t. 32. f. 6.

On sandy sea-shores : Virginia to Florida. 1/ . June,
July. v. v.

gracilis.

3. U. panicula longissima subspicata, ramis brevibus ad-
pressis, spiculis subsessilibus, floribus monandris di-
varicatis acuminatis glabris, calyce trivalvi, foliis pla-
niusculis, vaginis culmoque glabris compressis.—- -Mich.
fi. amer. l.p. 7 1 .

U. virgata. Bar tram, in Herb. Banks.

Holcus laxus. JVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 934.

In shady rocky situations : Virginia to Georgia. 1/ . July.

TRIAriDRIA DIG^NIA.

83

96. FESTUCA. Gen.pl.ug.

3.1?. spiculis alternis sessilibus erectis subqbinquefloris,
floribus subulatis glabriuseulis, aristis longis scabris,
foliis linearibus culmoque glabris.

On the wajLers of the Missouri and Columbia rivers.
June. v. s. in Herb. Lewis.

2. F. panicula simplicissima secunda, spiculis subnovem-
floris aristatis, foliis lineari-setaceis, ligula biaurita,
culmo superne tetragono, basi ramosa. IVilld. enum.
113. Willd. sp. pl. X.p.AXg.

F. bfomoides. Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p. 66.

F. octoflora. IValt.Jl. car. 81.

Common in sandy fields. ©. May — July. v. v.

3. F. panicula coarctata simplici, spiculis subquadrifloris,
floribus subulatis aristatis, culmo foliisque tenuissime
setaceis. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 66.

F. quadriflora. Walt. fl. cur. 8 1 .

In dry fields : Virginia and Carolina. O. June. v. v.
Appears to be different from F. M purus of Linnaeus.

4. F. panicula secunda diffusa, flosculis aristatis, culmo
tereti, foliis caulinis planis, radice fibrosa. Smith Ji.
bril. 1. p. 115. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p 421.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 83. Engl. hot. 4/0.

In dry pastures, frequent. 7/. July. v.v.

5. F. panicula subdiffusa nutante ramosissima laxa, spiculis
ovato-lanceolatis acutis, flosculis cylindricis obsolete
nervosis. Smith fi. amer. 1. p. 124. Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 425.

Icon, Host. gram. 2. t. 79- Engl, lot . 1593.

Ill wet meadows : Pensylvania, New England, &c.
introduced with grass seeds from Europe. 11 . July.
v. v.

6. F. panicula el'ongata, ramis approximatis strictis, spiculis
oblongis 8 — 10- floris adpressis aristatis. IVilld. enum.
117- Mich.Jl. amer. X.p.66.

In dry meadows : Virginia and Carolina mountains,
Illinois, &c. l/.July. v.v.

|j 7« F. panicula stricte contracta, ramis simplicibus sparsis,
spiculis tereti-lanceolatis subquinquefloris, floribus
acuminatis diandris, foliis latis planis, caule erecto as*
perrimo. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 67.

Icon, Mich.Jl, amer. 1. t. 10.

Gr 2

spicata .

tenella.

Myurus.

duriuscula.

elatior *

polystachya .

diandra .

84

grandiflora .

fluitans .

distichiphyU

la.

poceoides.

nutans .

glomerata .

i

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. FeStUCa.

In shady woods, in the western parts : Kentuky, Ten-
nassee, &c. I/. July. v. v.

8. F. panicula simplici erecta, spiculis perpaucis subsep-

temfloris, flosculis acutis distantibus. Lam. illustr. l.
p\g\.

In Carolina-. Fraser. + .

9. F. panicula longa laxa, ramis simplicibus, spiculis ad-

pressis tereti-linearibus multifloris, flosculis muticis
striatis, culmo decumbente foliisque glaberrimis,—
Willd. sp. pl. l. p. 426.

Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 77- Engl. lot. 1520.

In ditches and slow-flowing waters, frequent. 1/ . June
— Aug. v. v.

10. F. panicula racemoso-coarctata, spiqulis approximatis

adpressis subsexfloris muticis, foliis convoluto-subula-
tis rigidis alternis distichis, culmo erecto glabro,—
Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 167.

F. triticea. Lam. illustr. l. p. 19O.

Uniola spicata. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 400.

Icon. Pluit, alni. t. 33. f. 4 ?

In salt- meadows, common along the coast from Canada
to Florida. 1/ . July, Aug. v. v.

11. F. panicula subconferta, ramis inferioribus simplicibus,

spiculis alternis oblongis subsessilibus muticis, foliis
planis glaberrimis. — Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 67.

On the banks of the river St. Laurence. 7/, 4-.

12. F. panicula nutante patula, spiculis oblongo-lanceolatis

compressis octofloris muticis, foliorum vaginis apice
barbatis, radice fibrosa. Willd. enum. J 15.

Icon Willd. hort. her. t. 3.

In rich bottom lands : Pensylvania to Carolina. % . July,
Aug. v. v.

13. F. paniculae ramis secundis nutantibus scabris, spiculis

ovatis compressis subsexfloris, spiculis acutis muticis,
foliis lineari-lanceolatis. Willd. enum. 110.

In shady woods : New England to Carolina. 1/. July.
v. v.

97. DACTYLIS. Gen.pl. 117. Orchard-grass.

1. D. panicula secunda glomerata. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 403.
Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 94. Schreb gram, t 8 f. 2.

In meadows and woods : Pensylvania, &c. Probably ori-
ginally brought from Europe. 7/. June. v. v .

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA.

85

98. BROMUS. Gen. pl. 120»

1. B. panicula nutante, spiculis ovatis compressis, glumis

nudis distinctis, aristis subulatis brevioribus flexucso-
rectis. Willd. sp. pi. I. p. 428.

Icon. Host. gram. 1. t. 12.

In rye- and wheat-fields, frequent ; introduced from Eu-
rope. 0.July. v.v.

2. B. panicula erecta coarctata, pedunculis ramosis, spicu-

lis ovatis, flosculis imbricatis depressis nervosis pubes-
centibus. Smith fi. brit. 1. p. 12S. Willd. sp. pl. 1»
p.429.

Icon. Host gram. \.t. 19. Engl. lot. 10/8.

In dry fields and pastures ; probably from Europe. .
June. v. v.

3. B. panicula nutante, spiculis lanceolatis teretibus, flos-

culis aristatis pilosis, aristis erectis, foliis utrinque gla-
bris, vaginis pilosis. IVilld. enum. 120. Willd. sp.
pl. 1. p. 431.

In old fields and on road-sides : Canada to New England.
11 • May — Aug. v. v.

4. B. panicula nutante, spiculis oblongis compressis Q — 8-

floris, flosculis aristatis margine ci liato-v iliosis, foliis
utrinque vaginisque subpilosis, culmo ad nodos barba-
to,—-Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 433.

B. canadensis. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 65 ?

In barren and sandy soil : Canada to Carolina. I/. July.
v. v.

99. KOELERIA. Pers. ench. 1. p. 97.

I.K, spica laxiuscula, spiculis divergentibus 3-4-floris
subaristatis rugulosis carina subciliatis. Pers. L c.

Aira cristata. Sp. pl. 2. p. 24.

Poa cristata. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p 402.

Icon. Moris . hist. 3. s. 8. t. 4 .f. 7.

On the plains of Columbia river. M. Lewis. 2£ . July.
v. s. in Herb. Lewis.

100. AVENA. Gen.pl. 122. Oats.

1. A. panicula attenuata, calycibus bifloris, seminibus vil-
losis, aristis calyce duplo longioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 1 .
p. 44 5.

In fields and open woods : New England to Carolina,
frequent. Q.June. v.v.

secalinus.

mollis ,

purgans ,

ciliatus .

cristata .

pensylvanica.

86

palustris .

striata .

mollis.

spicata .

Phragmites.

airoides.

agrostoides .

canadensis.

tsiandjua digynia. Avena.

2. A. panicula conferta, calycibus bifloris. floribus glabris j

altero mutico, altero tenuissime aristato, foliis planis
linearibus. Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p ?2.

A. caroliniana. Walt.Jl car. 81.

In low grassy fields and woods : Virginia to Florida. If .
May - July, v . v.

3. A. panicula coarctata rariflora. calycibus quinquefloris,

floribus calyce longioribus subimberbibus, valva ex-
teriore striata, dorso longe aristata : semine nudo.
Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p. 73.

On the mountains near Hudson’s Bay.. Michaux . -f •

4. A. racemo confertiuscule adpresso- spicato, calycibus bi-

floris, floribus imberbibus aristatis : aristis longitudine
florum strictis, foliis culmoque molliter pubescentibus.
— Mich.Jl . amer. 1. p. 72.

In Canada. Michaux. -f .

5. A. panicula subspicata pauciflora, calycibus spiculis sex-

floris pubescentibus longioribus, valva exteriore ex
apice bicorni aristata : arista basi spirali, foliis subse-
taceis collo villosis .— Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 453.

A. glumosa. Mich.Jl. amer . 1. p. 72.

On dry hills, on the banks of rivers : New England to
Carolina. If.. June — Aug. v.v.

101. ARUNDO. Gen.pl. 124. Reed.

1. A. calycibus quinquefloris, panicula laxa. Willd. sp. pl.

1. p.454.

Icon. Engl. hot. 401. Leers, kerb. t. ‘J.f. 1.

On the banks of rivers and in large salt-marshes : Ca-
nada to Virginia, common. If . July. v. v.

2. A. panicula subcoarctata incurva, calycibus bifloris gla-

bris inaequalibus, corollis membranaceis longitudine
calycis, pilis corollam aequantibus, foliis planis scabris.
— Lam . encycl. Q.p. 2/0.

In North America. Michaux. 1/.+.

3. A. panicula laxa diffusa, calycibus unifloris acuminatis

glabris, corollis calyce brevioribus membranaceis, valva
exteriore apice incisa, dorso brevissima aristata, inte-
riore minima, pilis corollam aequantibus, foliis planis
scabriusculis, culmis vaginisque glabris.

In bogs of New Jersey and Pensylvania. If . July. v. v .

4. A. panicula oblonga, calycibus unifloris lanceolatis ca-

rina scabris pubescentibus, corollis dorso aristatis :

TEI ANDRIA DIGYNIA. Arundo.

arista longitudine corollse, pilis corollam aequantibus,
foliis culmisque glabris angustis. — Mich. fi. amer. 1.
p. 73.

On mountain meadows : Canada to Carolina. 1/ « July.
v. v - Resembles A. Calamagrostis very much.

5. A. panicula patente, calycibus unifioris acuminatis, pilis

corollam aequantibus, arista dorsali geniculata calycem
excedente. Willd. enrnn. p. 127.

In North America. JViildenow. -f.

6. A. panicula spicata, calycibus uniftoris corolla longiori-

bus, floribus erectis muticis, foliis involutis pungenti-
bus. Smith fi. brit. i. p. 148.

Icon. Fl.dan.Q17.

On the sea-coast : Canada to New England. % . July.
v. v.

102. ELEUSINE. Gcert. defr. et sevi. 1 . p. 7.

1. E. glabra $ vaginis compressis, collo pilosis : spicis di-

gitatis strieris longo-linearibus rectis, spiculis subsex-
floris, floribus lanceolatis. Mich.fi . amer. I. p 64.

In sandy cultivated grounds : New Jersey to Florida.

G- June — Aug. v. v. In Virginia it is known by
the name of IVire-grass, as a weed very noxious to
the cultivator.

2. E. vaginis pilosis, spicis numerosis filiformibus panicu-

latis, spiculis minutissimis, calyce mucronato quadri-
fioro, floribus muticis, Mich. fi. amer, l.p.65.

In cultivated fields: Virginia, Carolina, Illinois, &c.

©. June, July. v. v.

103. CHLORIS. Swartz, fi. ind. l.p. I89.

1. C. spica unica, spiculis subsexfloris, floribus aristatis monostachya.

margine barbatis, glumis calycis exteriore scrobiculato-
glandulosa dorso aristata. Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 59.

Aegilops aromaticum. IValt. fl. car. 249.

In woods and cultivated fields : Virginia to Florida. O
July. v. v. The spike of this grass is most singularly
beautiful.

2. C. spicis 4 — 6. strictis erectis, flosculis imbricatis sub- petresa.

glabris muticis, glumis calycis exteriore aristata, cul-
mo compresso glaberrimo. Swartz, fl. ind. 1. p. 1Q4 .

Cynosuras paspaloides. Vahl. symb. 1. p. 21.

Agrostis complanata. Ait. hew. 1. p. g6.

Icon. Vahl . I. c. t. 27.

s;

confinis .

arenaria.

indica ,

mucronata.

8$

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA. Chloris.

mucronata.

curtipendula.

dimidiata .

dactyloides.

monostachy -
on .

cylindricum .

On the gravelly sea shores of Georgia and Florida. ©.
June. v. v.

3. C. culmo repente, spicis plerumque 4. rachi triangulari

mucronata, spicis subquadri floris, gluma exteriore
aristata. — Mich.Jl amer, I . p. 5Q.

.Aegilops saccharinum. Walt.Ji. car. 24g.

Icon. Pluk. aim . t. 300./. 8. Wire-grass.

In cultivated grounds: Virginia to Georgia. ©. June.
v. v.

4. C. culmo adscendente racemoso, spiculis plurimis bre-

vibus distichis alternis pendulis sextioris, calycibus
quadrifloris. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 5Q.

In dry situations in the western parts of America, Illi-
nois, &c. Michaux . 1/ . + •

104. ROTTBOELLIA. Gen. pi. 1572.

1. R. spica dimidiata compressa lineari, latere exteriore ag-
gregato-flosculosa, interiori laevi nudo, vaginis com-
pressis, culmo decumbente. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 4 66.
Ischaemum secundum. Walt. Jl. car. 24g.

On the sea-shores of Carolina and Florida, v. s. in Herh.
Walter.

105. TRIPSACUM. Gen.pl. 1134.

1 . T. spicis subternis aggregatis superne masculis inferne

femineis. Willd. sp. pl 4. p. 201.

Ischaemum glabrum. Walt.Ji. car. 24 Q.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. lQO.f.2.

On the banks of rivers and along the sea-shore : Virgi-
nia, Carolina, Illinois. 2/. Aug. v.v.

2. T. spica solitaria superne mascula inferne feminea.

Willd. sp pl. 4. p. 202.

Icon. Willd . hort. her. l.t.\.

In salt meadows and ditches : New York to Carolina.
2/ . Aug. v • v. Not sufficiently distinct from the
former.

3. T. spica solitaria hermaphrodita cylindrica, spiculis con-

tiguis in articulos secedentibus. Willd. sp. pl. 4.
p. 202. Mich.Jl amer. 1. p. 60.

In sandy barren fields in Florida. Michaux. 4-.

TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA.

89

106, ELYMUS. Gen. pl. 128. Wild Rye.

1. E. spica pendula patula, spiculis sexlioris aristatis. IVilld.

enuw. 131. Willd.sp.pl. 1 . p. 468.

In shady woods : Canada and New York. 2/ . July. v. v.

2. E. spica nutante patula, spiculis sexfioris aristatis, infe-

rioribus ternatis, superioribus binatis. Willd. enurn. 131.
WiLld. sp.pl. 1. p. 468.

In rocky situations : Canada, &c. l/.July. + »

3. E. spica nutante patula, spiculis sexfioris aristatis gemi-

natis, foliis subtus glaucis. Willd. enum. 131.

In the mountains of Virginia, Pensylvania, &c. 1/ , July.
v. v.

4. E. spica erecta, spiculis trifloris aristatis villosis ternatis,

calycibus aristatis spiculis superantibus. Willd. enum.
131.

In dry rocky soil : Pensylvania, Virginia, &c. 1/ . June.
v. v.

5. E. spica erecta, spiculis trifloris aristatis glabris gemina-

tis, calycibus lanceolatis nervosis spiculis aequantibus.
Willd. enum. 131. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 469.

In the mountains very common. I/. May — July. v.v.

6. E. spica erecta, spiculis bifloris aristatis hispidis gemi-

natis, calycibus linearibus nervosis aristatis spiculis
fere superantibus, foliis vaginisque glabris. Willd.
enum 131. Willd. sp.pl. l.pAJO .

In shady situations : Pensylvania, Virginia, &c. 1/ .

June. v. v.

107. HORDEUM. Gen.pl. 129. Barley.

1. H. flosculis omnibus hermaphroditis aristatis, ordinibus

duobus erectioribus. Willd. sp. pl. l.p. 472.

Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 34.

In fields and hedge-rows, apparently in a wild state ;
introduced from Europe. ©.July. v.v.

2. H. aristis involucrisque setaceis longissimis. Willd. sp.

pi 1. p. 476. excl. synon. 4it. keiv. ed. 2. p. 180.

On the islands of the Missouri river. M . Lewis. $.
July. v. s. in Herb. Lewis, et Lambert. This species
I considered at first a new one; but on examination of
the specimens in the Herbarium of A. B. Lambert,
Esq., I found it to be the same as the H .jubatum of
the Hortus Kewensis.

Philadelphia

cus.

canadensis,
glaucifolius .
villosus.

virginicus .
striatus.

vulgare .
jubatum .

go

TKIANDRIA DlGYNIA.

cereole.

aestivum.

succulentum.

stipulifidum.

major.

108. SECALE. Gen.pl. 127. Rye.

1. S. glumarum ciliis scabris. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 4/1.
Icon. Host. gram. 2. t. 48.

Frequently found apparently in a wild state. June.

v. v.

109. TRITICUM. Gen.pl.\ 30. Wheat.

1. I , calycibus quadrifloris ventricosis glabris imbricatis
aristatis. JVilld. sp. pl 1. p 476.

Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 26.

In corn-fields introduced from Europe. © . June. v. v.

III. TRIG YN I A.

\ ' i

110. HOLOSTEUM. iGen.pl. 13 6.

1. H. foliis ellipticis carnosis, petalis subtrifidis calyce mino-
ribus.— JVilld. sp pl ]. p. 48Q.

Polycarpon unifloritm. lValt.fi. car 83.

A doubtful plant, which 1 never have been able to find,
either in New York or Carolina.

Ml. POLYCARPON. Gen. pl 138.

l.P. erectum ramosissimum, ramis setaceis, foliis (radica-
libus) spathulatis, floribus terminalibus fasciculatis,
stipulis setaceo-multifidis Pers.e?ich. 1 . p. 111.

Stipulicida setacea. Mich.fi amer. 1. p. 26.

Icon. Mich. I. c . t. 6.

In barren gravelly soil of Lower Carolina. ©.May,
June. v. s . in Herb. Lyon. The style is so very short,
that it scarcely can be called monogynous.

112. LECHEA. Gen.pl. 142.

1 . L. undique hirsuta ; foliis oblongo- lanceolatis mucrona-
tis, panicula foliosa pyramidata : ramis apice floriferis,
floribus fasciculato-racemosis secundis brevissime pe-
dicellatis, caule erecto. — Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 495.

L. minor Linnaei. Smith in encyclop. ed. nov.

On sandy barren soil : Canada to Florida. l/.July,
Aug. v. v. 1 have frequently observed from three to
nine stamina in this species, which I suppose is the
case with the following one likewise.

TR1 ANDRIA TRIGYNI A. Lechea.

2. L. glabriuscula ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis acutis, panicula

foliosa, ramis elongatis undique floriferis, floribus
brevi-pediceilatis, caule assurgente,— Willd. sp. pL 1.
p. 495.

Icon. Lam. iliustr t. 52. f 1.

On dry gravelly hills : Canada to Pensylvania. 7/ . July,
Aug. v. v. Lower in growth and larger in fruit
than No. 1.

3. L, undique adpresso- pubescens ; foliis linearibus acutis

ciliatis, panicula gracilis ramosissima pyramidata, race-
mulis nudiusculis, floribus parvis alternis pedicellatis,
caule erecto. — Midi fi. amer. 1. p. 77*

In sandy fields : New Jersey to Carolina. 11. July. v. v .

4. L. undique adpresso- cano- villosa ; foliis linearibus acutis,

panicula foliosa elongata : ramis brevibus, floribus fas-
ciculatis lateralibus terminalibusque, pedicellis brevis-
simis, floribus parvis cano-tomentosis, caule erecto.

L, thymifolia. Mich.fi. amer 1. p. 77 •

In barren dry woods, on slate hills : Virginia, &c. 11 .

July. v. v. The lower branches, which in most
species of this genus trail on the ground, have a great
resemblance to Thymus Serpyllum.

5. L. sparse pilosa ; foliis angustissimis, panicula divaricata

nudiuscula, ramulis alternis, pedicellis elongatis diva-
ricatis, caule erecto. — Mich.fi. amer. l.p.JJ.

On dry gravelly hills : Virginia to Georgia. I/ . May —
July, v v. The lower branches in this species have
linear leaves, by which it is easily distinguished from
the rest.

] 13. ERIOCAULON. Gen. pi. 132.

1. E. scapo decemstriato, foliis ensiformibus glabris, capi-

tulo magno depresso-globoso, squamis involucri ova-
libus acutis, paleis receptaculi mucronatis. — Mich.fi,
amer. 1 . p .' 105. Willd. sp.pl . 1. p. 485.

- E. serotinum. Walt. fi. car. S3. Lam. encycl. 3. p. 2/6.
Icon. Pluk. amalth. t.40g.f. 5.

In deep swamps: New Jersey to Carolina. 7/. Aug.
v. v. From three to four feet high.

2. E. scapo subcompresso decemstriato, foliis brevibus su-

bulato-ensiformibus glabris : capitulo hemisphaerice
convexo, involucri squamis ovalibus rotundato-obtusis
scariosis argenteo-lucidis. Mich.fi, amer. 1. p. 165.
E. decangulare. Walt.fi. car. 83.

9 1

minor .

racemulosa.

thymifolia.

tenu folia .

decangulare.

gnaphalodes.

92

pellucidum .

villosum .

fiavidulum .

vcrticillala .

palustris .
pectinata .

TRIANDRIA TKIGYNXA. EriOCaulon.

E. compressum. Lam. encycl. 3. /). 276.

In sandy mossy swamps : Virginia to Carolina. 7/ . July,
v. About a foot high.

3. E. scapo tenuissime suhseptemstriato, foliis subulato-li-

nearibus canaliculatis glabris pellucidis quinquenerviis
transverse striatis, capitulo parvo subgloboso, squamis
involucri ovalibus obtusis.-— Mich amer. 1 p. 166.
In pools of water, floating : Canada to New Jersey.
1/ Aug. v. v. About a foot high ; very slender.

4. E. scapis aggregatis compressis subquadrisulcis villosis,

foliis brevibus subulato-linearibus pilosis, capitulo
sphaeroideo parvo, flosculis subf uliginosis.— Mick.jl.
amer , I . p 1 66.

E. anceps. WaU.fl. car. 83.

On the edges of ponds, in sandy soil : Virginia to Caro-
lina. July. v. v, j v.s.in Herb. Walter.

5. E. scapis aggregatis subseptemstriatis subpubescentibus,

foliis brevibus subulato-ensiformibus nervosis, capi-
tulo convexo, squamis involucri suboibiculatis, flos-
culis vix papillosis. — Mich.fl. amer . 1 p. 166.

On the banks of rivers, below high-water mark : Pen-
sylvania to Carolina. ©.July. v.v. From one to
two inches high.

114. MOLLUGO. Gen.pl.13g .

1. M. foliis verticillatis cuneiformibus acutis, caule subdi -

viso decumbente, pedunculis unifloris. Willd. sp.

pil.p.Ag'l.

Icon. P/uk want. t. 332 f 5. Ehret.pict. t. 6.f.3.

In cultivated grounds : Canada to Georgia. ©. May—
Aug. v. v.

115. PROSERPINACA. Gen.pl. 134.

1. P. foliis lineari-lanceolatis serratis, infimis pinnatifidis.

Lam. illustr. 1. p. 214. Willd. sp. pi 1. p. 488.

In ditches and pools: Canada to Carolina. ©.July, v.v .

2. P. foliis omnibus pectinato-pinnatifidis. Lam. illustr. 1.
p. 214.

P. palustris /3. Mich.Jl. amer 1 . p. 76.

In overflowed places and ditches : New Jersey to Caro-
lina. ©.July, Aug. v.v. This is certainly a distinct
species, as I never found them growing promiscuously,
or near one another.

TRIANDRIA POLYGYNIA»

IV. POLYG YN1A.

116. EMPETRUM. Gen.pl. Crake-berry.

1. E. procumbens j foliis oblongis obtusis margine revolu-
tis. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 2 55. IVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 713.
Icon. Engl. bot. 526. FI. dan. QJ5.

On rocks near the sea-coast in Canada. Michaux. Tj .
May, June, v . s. May be distinct from the European
species.

93

nigrum.

IV. TETRANDRIA.

I. MONOGYNfA.

* Flores monopetali , superi , monospermi. Aggregata.

II/. D1PSACUS. CaL com munis foliaceus. Recept. cor-
nicum, paleaceum. Sem. columnaria.

118. ALLIONIA. CaL communis 5-fidus, 3-florus : pro-
prius obsoletus, superus. Corollulce irregulares.
Recepi, nudum.

** Flores monopetali , monocarpi, inferi.

lig. LYCIUM. Cor. tubulosa, fauce clausa filamentorum
barba. CaL 4- fidus. Bac. 2-locularis, polysperma.

120. CALLICARPA. Cor. tubulosa. CaL 4-fidus. Bac.

4-sperma.

121. CENTUNCULUS. Cor. rotata. CaL 4-fidus. Siam,

brevia. Caps. l-locularis, circumscissa.

122. PLANTAGO. Cor. limbo reflexo. CaL 4 fid s.

Stam. longissima. Caps. 2-locularis, circumscissa.

123. POLYPREMUM. Cor. rotata, fauce barbata. CaL

4-partitus. Stam. inclusa. Caps. 2-locularis, obcor-
data.

124. CENTAURELLA. Cor. urceolata. CaL 4-partitus,

adpressus. Stigm. crassum, glandulosum, subbifidum.
Caps. 1-locularis, 2- valvis, calyce corollaque persis-
tentibus involucrata.

125. EX ACUM. Cor. subcampanulata. Cal. 4- phy Ilus.

Caps. 2-locularis, compressa.

126. SWERTIA. Cor. rotata. JSectariferi pori ad basin

laciniarum corollae. Caps, oblonga 1-locularis, 2-
valvis.

5 27. FRASER A. Cor. 4- fida, patens : petala medio glan-
dula barbata. Cal. 4-fidus. Caps, compressa, sub-
marginata, 1-locularis, Sem. pauca, imbricata, mar-
ginata.

TETRANDRIA.

95

*** Flores monopetali, monocarpi, superi.

: 128. MITCHELLA. Cor. binae, infundibuliformes Cal.

4-dentatus. Stigm. 4-fidum. Bacca ex germinum
coalitione didyma, 4-sperma.

12p. OLDENLANDIA. Cor. tubulosa. Cal. 4-partitus,
Caps, didyma, polysperma.

**** Flores monopetali , dicocci, superi.

130. RUBL\, Cor. campanulata. Bacccel., monospermae,
J31. GALIUM. Cor. plana. Sem. 2., subrotunda.

132. SPERMACOCE. Cor. tubulosa. Sem. 2., bidentata.

133. DIODIA. Cor. infundibuliforrais. Caps. 4-gona, 2-

locularis, 2 sperma.

***** Flores monopetali, dicocci , inferi.

134. HOUSTON IA. Cor. infundibuliformis. Caps, se-

minifera, subglobosa, emarginata, 2-docularis, 2-
sperma.

****** plores tetropetali.

|| 135. AMMANNIA. Cal. inferus, tubulosus, 8-dentatus.
Caps. 4-locularis.

136. PTE LEA. Cal. inferus, 4- partitus. Pet. coriacea.

Stigm. 2. Samara monosperma.

137- CORNUS. Cal. superus, 4-dentatus. Drupa nuce
2-biloculari.

: 138. LUDWIGIA. Cal. 4-partitus. Caps. 4-locularis,
tetragona.

******* Flores incompleti.

139. ALCHEMILLA. Cal. inferus, 4-fidus. Sem. 1. calyce

inclusum.

140. BOEHMERIA. Cal. inferus, 4-partitus, $.0. Nec-

tar. 0. Sem . 1 Monoica.

141. URTICA. Cal. inferus, 4-phyllus, (^.2-valvis. Nec-

tar. cyathiforme. Stigm. villosum. Sem. 1. ova-
tum. Monoica.

142. PARIETARIA. Cal. inferus, 4-fidus. Involucrum

multipartitum. Sem. 1. calyce sicco elongato tectum.
Poly ga mia.

143. VISCUM. Cal. superus, 4-partitus. Stigm. capi-

tatum. Bacca monosperma- Dioicum.

144. CEPHALANTHUS. Cal. superus, infundibuliformis.

Recept. globosum, nudum. Sem. 1. lanuginosum.

s

96

TETRANDRIA.

145. ELJEAGRUS. Cal. basi persistens, superne coaro

tatus et quasi superus, campanulatus, 4-fidus. Drupa

1- sperma.

146. HIPPOPHAE. Cal. deciduus, inferus, tubulosus, 2-

fidus. Bacca globosa. Dioica.

II. DIGYNIA.

147« PLANER A. Cal. campanulatus, 4-fidus. Cor. 0.
Nux l-sperma, squamulosa. Polygamia.

148. HAMAMELIS. Cal. 4 fidus, extus 2-squamosus.

Pet. 4. longissima. Nux 2-locularis, 2-cornis.

149. CUSCUTA. Cal. 4-fidus. Cor. ovata, 4-fida. Caps.

2- locularis circumscissa.

150. SANGUISORBA. Cal. 2-phyllus, inferus. Cor.

plana, 4-fida, supera. Caps. 4-gona, intra calycem
et corollam.

III. TRIGYNIA.

351. PACHYSANDRA. Cal. 4-phyllus. Cor. 0. Caps .

3- locularis. Monoica.

IV. TETRAGYNIA.

152. ILEX. Cal. 4-dentatus. Cor. rotata. Styl. 0. Bac.

4- sperma.

153. SAGINA. Cal. 4-phyllus. Cor. 4-petala. Caps. 4-

locularis polysperma.

154. POTAMOGETON. Cal 4-phyllus. Cor. 0. Sem.

4. sessilia.

155. RUPPIA. Cal. et Cor. 0. Sem. 4. pedicellata. .

$y Ives iris.

I. MONO GY NI A.

U7. DIPSACUS. Geri. pl. 148.

1. D. foliis connatis sinuatis, paleis rectis, involucro capi»
tulo brevioribus patentibus. — Willd. sp. pl. 1 ,p. 544?

Icon. Jacq.Jl. aust. 5. t. 403.

On the edges of fields and on water sides : Pensylvania
to Virginia. £ . July. v. v. Probably introduced
from Europe, but sometimes found in very remote
parts from cultivation.

TETRANDKIA MONOGYNI A.

9;

118. ALLIONrA. Gen.pl. 151.

1. A. caule erecto, foliis lato-cordatis acutis, glabris, pe-

dunculis solitariis, calycibus fructiferis sub-hirsutis,
involucro ampliato multo minoribus. — Mich. Jl .
amer. l.p. 100.

On the banks of the river Tennassee and its branches.
% . July, Aug. v. v. Resembles Mirabilis Jalapa
very much.

2. A. caule diffuso, foliis lanceolatis scabriusculis ciliatis,

pedunculis solitariis, involucro subpentaphyllo : folio-
lis ovatis reticulato-venosis.— Walt.fi. car. 84.

In Lower Carolina. Walter. ©• July. v. s. in Herb.
JValier.

3. A. caule diffuso dicbotomo, foliis ovatis scabriusculis

nudis, floribus terminalibus fasciculato-racemosis, in-
volucro semiquinqUefido : laciniis subrotundis acuti-
usculis reticulato-venosis.

On the plains of the Missouri. M. Lewis. Q. Aug.
v. s . in Herb. Lewis.

119. LYCIUM. Gen. pi. 343.

1 . L. inerme ; foliis anguste spathulato-oblongis. Mich.
Jl.amer. 1. p. Q5. Walt. Jl. car. 84.

L. salsum. Bartr. trav. 5Q.

In salt marshes of Carolina and Georgia. Tj . July. v. v.
Flowers purple, the size of L. barbarum.

120. CALLICARPA. Gen. pi. 175.

1. C. foliis ovalibus serratis subtus tomentosis, cymis sessili-
bus.— Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 619.

Icon. Catesb. car. 2. t. 47. Pluk. aim. t. 13 Q.f. 3.

In dry gravelly soil, below the mountains in Virginia and
Carolina. P2 • June? July. v. v. Flowers red, in
small axillary bunches $ berries red, apparently in a
whorl round the branches, hang on very long.

121. CENTUNCULUS. Gen.pl. I89.

1. C. foliis deorsum angustatis : inferioribus ovalibus, su-
perioribus lanceolatis, laciniis calycis subulatis, caule
simplici. — Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 193.

In wet barren fields: Lower Cardina, See. 0,May,

VOL. i, H

nyctaginea .

albida .

ovata.

carolinia -
num.

americana .

lanceolatus .

98

TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. CeiltUIlCuluS.

v. s. in Herb. Nuttall. A very small inconspicuous
plant with axillary reddish flowers. The specimens
of Mr. Nuttall’s were collected on the Missouri, they
are about four inches high : and according to his ob-
servations, very obligingly communicated to me, this
species is generally pentandrous.

data .

122. PLANTAGO. Gen.pl. 186.

1. P. foliis ovatis cordatis latissimis subdentatis glabris, spica
longissima, floribus subimbricatis, inferioribus sparsis,
bracteis ovatis obtusis.— -Lam. encycl. 5. p.30g.

P. kentuckensis. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. Q 4.

P. canadensis. Hort. par.

On river sides : Canada, Kentucky, Tennassee, and
other western parts. If. . June — Aug. v. v.

major .

2. P. foliis ovatis subdentatis glabriusculis, scapo tereti,
spica oblonga imbricata. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 368.
Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 64 1 .

Icon. Engl. bot. 1558. FI. dan. 46l.

In fields and on road sides, common. If . May — Sept.
v.v.

cucullata.

3. P. foliis ovatis concavo-cucullatis novemnerviis subtus
pubescentibus, spica cylindrica imbricata, scapo tereti
alto. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 370.

P. maxima. Jaccj. ic. 1. t. 26. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 642.
Icon. Jaccj. 1. c.

In wet rocky situations : Canada and Province of Main.
If . July, Aug. v.v.

lanceolata.

4. P. foliis lanceolatis villosis, spica brevi cylindrica, brac-
teis ovatis acuminatis, scapo angulato adpresso piloso.

P. lanceolata. Willd. sp.pl-. 1. p. 643 ?

In fields and pastures, common. If. June — Aug. v. v.
May be a new species. P. lanceolata of Europe, ac-
cording to the specimens examined in the Herbarium
of A. B. Lambert, Esq. is bracteis oblongis acutis.

virginica .

5. P. undique canescenti-pubescens j foliis lanceolato-ovatis
subdenticulatis, floribus remotis, scapo angulato.
Willd . sp.pl. 1. p. 643.

Icon, Moris, hist. 3. s. S. t. 15. f 8.

In dry barren fields, common : New England to Florida.
©. May — ’Aug. v.v. There are a number of

varieties in respect to size and pubescence.

mroliniana.

6. P. undique glabra foliis lanceolatis integerrimis longis,
floribus remotis, caule tereti .—Walt.jl. car. 85.

TETR ANDRI A. MONOGYNIA. PlanfagO.

P. angustifolia glabra, & c. Clayt.fi. virg. 753.

In sandy grassy woods : Virginia to Carolina. £ .June,
July, v.vu, v. s. in Herb. Walter .

7. P. foliis ovato-lanceolatis integerrimis villosiusculis, spica

longa gracili interrupta, floribus glabris. — Lam. en -
cycl. 5. p. 3 75.

P. sparsiliora. Mich.fi. amer. 1 . p. 94.

In shady woods : Virginia to Carolina. 1/. July, Aug,
v. v.

8. P. foliis lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis glabriusculis, sca-

po tereti foliis breviore, spica pauciflora interrupta,
bracteis ovatis acutis glabris.

Oil the sea-coast of New England and New Jersey.
% . Aug. v. v. In the Herbarium of A. B. Lambert,
Esq. are specimens from Labrador, agreeing in every
respect with this species.

9. P. undique argenteo-villosa ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis in-

tegerrimis supra nudiusculis, scapis teretibus foliis vix
longioribus, spica cylindrica imbricata, bracteis linea-
ribus longissime ciliato-villosis.

In dry situations on the banks of the Missouri. Nuttall.
©. July. v. s. in Herb. Nuttall. This beautiful little
plant is very variable in size.

10. P. foliis carnosis subulato-linearibus basi pilosis, scapo

tereti pubescente, spica cylindrica, bracteis obtusis.—
Willi, sp. pl. 1 . p. 647 .

Icon. Engl. bot. 1 75. FI. dan. 243.

On the banks of rivers near the sea : Canada to New
York. 11 . Aug. v. v.

11. P. foliis subsetaceo-linearibus, spica oblongo-cylindrica,

bracteis subulato-aristatis flore longioribus. Mich.fi .
amer. 1. p. 95.

In the natural meadows of Illinois. Michaux. +.

123. POLYPREMUM. Gen.pl. 178.

1. P. polypremum. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 023.

Icon. Lam.illuslr.l. t. 71.

In dry pastures : Virginia to Georgia. ©. May — Aug.
v. v. Flowers white, very small.

124. CENTAURELLA. Mich.fi. amer. l.p. g7.

1 . C. caule simplici, pedunculis sparsis subcorymboso-elon-
gatis, laciniis corollae oblongis acutis calyce duplo

99

interrupta *

paudfioran

Lagopus*

maritima »

aris tat a.

procumbens ,

vernalis ,

100

TETfcANDRiA MONo&YNiA. Centaurella.

uniflora.

aestivalis.

autumnalis.

pulchellum.

corniculata .

longioribus, stylo germine longiore. Mich.fl.amer. lt
/>•98.

Icon. Mich. I. c. t. 1 2. /. 2.

fi, C. pusilla, caule unifloro.

In mossy swamps: Virginia to Georgia. ©. May — July.
v. v. Var. fi v. s. in Herb. Lyon. About five inches
high; the flowers white, and larger than the rest. The
variety fi may be a distinct species ?

2. C, caule simplici, pedunculis oppositis simplicibus, laci-

niis corollae spathulatis abrupte acutis calyce triplo
longioribus, stylo longitudine germinis.

In mossy swamps : Carolina to Georgia. ©.June — Aug.
v. s. in Herb. Enslen. From two to four inches high ;
flowers smaller than No. ] ; the calyx very short.

3. C. caule subramoso, pedunculis oppositis, inferioribus

ramosis, laciniis corollae ovalibus acutis calyce vix lon-
gioribus, stylo brevissimo.

C. paniculata. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 98.

Bartonia tenella. Muhlb. in litt.

Sagina virginica. Willd. sp. pl. 1. pff ig.

Icon. Mich. l. c.t. 12. f. 1 .

In mossy swamps, in inundated grassy places : New
England to Carolina, common. ©. July — Sept, v.v.;
v. s. in Herb. Gronov. sub nomine Sagina caule erecto
subnudo, floribus oppositis. Sagincc affinis planta mi-
nima, floribus albis. Clayt. MSS. 64g. About a foot
high, sometimes quite simple and very small ; flowers
small, greenish-white.

125. EXACUM. Gen.pl. 185.

1. E. corollis quadrifidis, calycibus quadripartitis: laciniis
subulatis, panicula corymbosa, pedunculis filiformibus.

Near the sea-coast of New Jersey ; rare. © . Aug. v. v.
Flowers rose-coloured; resembling E. filiforme very
much.

120. SWERTIA. Gen. pl.44g.

1. S. corollis campanulatis corniculatis : cornibus deflexis,
foliis ovatis, ramis brevibus.

S. corniculata. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1330 ?

In swamps of Canada and round the lakes of the western
part of the United States, g . July. v.v. Flowers
greenish yellow. The Siberian plant differs from the

TETRANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Swertia.

101

American in being cornibus divaricatis adscendenti -
bus, foliis lanceolatis et ramis elongatis ; by which the
American plant appears to be a distinct species.

2. S. corollis campanulato-rotatis longitudine calycis, flori-

bus fasti giato-aggregatis axillaribus terminalibusque,
pedicellis geminis, foliis spathulato-obovatis nervosis,
caule ramoso.

On the Missouri flats, near the Rocky mountain. M,
Lewis. Id . July. v. s. in Herb. Leibis. Leaves
large ; flowers sky-blue.

3. S. corollis rotatis calyce duplo longioribus, caule simpli-

cissimo uniiloro, foliis oblongis.

On the alpine regions of the White-hills of New Hamp-
shire. ©.June. v. v. The whole plant scarcely
above an inch high, with one or two pair of small
leaves, and a considerable-sized blue flower. Divisions
of the corolla oblong, acuminate ; of the calyx obtuse,
in the Banksian Museum are specimens from Labra-
dor, in every respect agreeing with the New Hamp-
shire plant.

127. FRASERA. Mich. JL. amer. l.p.gd.

1. Frasera. Mich. 1. c. p. 97.

Frasera caroliniensis. Walt.jl, car. 88.

In swamps of Lower Carolina and on the borders of
the lakes in Pensylvania and New York. <J. July.
v. v . Stem from three to six feet high leaves in
whorls or opposite 5 flowers in aggregate clusters,
greenish-yellow, sometimes mixed with purple. The
whole of the plant has a very stately appearance •, its
generic character approaches so near to Swertia , that,
without seeing the fruit, it might be considered a spe-
cies of that genus.

128. MITCHELLA. Gen.pl. 174.

I, Mitchella. Willd. sp. pi. ] . p. 6\y.

Icon. Catesb. car. 1. t. 20. Pluii. amalth . t. 444 .f. 2.

In shady situations on rocks and round the roots of trees:
Canada to Georgia, • June. ?. v. A small creep»
ing plant 5 flowers white, hairy inside , berries red.

fastigiata .

pusilla.

Walt eri.

repens,

102

TETR ANDRIA MONOGYNU.

glomerata.

12g. OLDENLANDIA. Gen.pl. 205.

2. 0. procumbens ; foliis lanceolato-ovatis, floribus axilla-
ribus terminalibusque conglobatis pedicellatis, germi-
nibus hispidis. Mich.Jl,. amer. 1. p. 83.

O. uniflora. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 6J5.

Hedyotis auricularia. Walt.Jl. car. 85.

Hedyotis uniflora. Lam. illustr. 1 . p. 27 L
On sandy wet fields : New Jersey to Carolina. ©• May
—July. v. v. A small creeping plant 5 flowers green-
ish-white.

Brownei.

130. RUBIA. Gen. pl. 104. Madder.

1. R. hispida •, foliis quaternis ovalibus, pedunculis solitariis
unifloris, caule decumbente. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 81.

R. subhirsuta scandens vel reclinata., foliis cruciatis, flo-
ribus singularibus ad alas. Brown, jam. p. 141.

R . peregrina. Walt. fl. car. 80.

Valantia hypocarpa. Limi.

In shady woods : Carolina and Florida. l/.-fi. Flowers
yellow j berries purple, smooth.

latifolium.

131. GALIUM. Gen.pl. 102.

* Fructu glabro.

1. G. caulibus erectis laevibus, foliis quaternis ovatis acutis
trinervibus : margine nervisque hispidis, pedunculis
oppositis lateralibus terminalibusque dichotomis diva-
ricatis laxe multifloris. — Mich.Jl. amer . 1. p. 79.

In dry slaty mountains of Virginia and Carolina. 1/ .
June, July. v. v. Leaves broad ; flowers purple. It
generally has but one seed.

uniflorum .

2. G. caulibus flaccidis laevibus, foliis quaternis linearibus
acutis glabris, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis unifloris
brevissimis. — ■ Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 79-
In Carolina. Michaux. -fi . Flowers white.

tinctonum .

3. G. caulibus diffusis lseviusculis, foliis caulinis senis, ra-
meis quaternis linearibus acutiusculis, margine nervo-
que tenuissime aculeatis, pedunculis terminalibus
elongatis plerumque trifloris. — Willd.sp.pl. 1. p. 580.

In wet woods and along hedges : Canada to Virginia.
l/.June — Aug. v.v. Flowers white. This is the
plant with which the Indians of North America dye

tetrandria monogynia. Galium.

103

their feathers, porcupine quills, and other ornaments,
of a beatitiful red.

4. G. caulibus diffusis ramosissimis retrorsum aculeatis,

t foliis caulinis senis,- rameis quaternis lanceolatis acumi-
natis margine nervoque aculeatis, ramulis floriferis
divaricatis multifloris, pedicellis brevibus. — Mich.jl.
amer. 1. p. 78.

In swamps and among low bushes : Canada to Virginia.
11 . July. v. v. Flowers white, very small.

5. G. caulibus procumbentibus retro-scabris, foliis caulinis

quinis, rameis quaternis linearibus obtusis margine
nervoque scabris, fasciculis terminalibus paucifloris,
pedicellis brevibus, corollis plerumque trifidis. — Willd.
sp. pl. [.p. 585.

Aparine floribus albis, &c. Gron.Ji. virg. 18.

G. Claytoni. Mich.jl. amer. 1 . p. 78.

In swamps and wet fields : Canada to Carolina. 2[ .
July. v. v. Flowers white, very small.

** Fructu hirsuto.

6. G. caulibus flaccidis retrorsum scabris, foliis suboctonis

lineari-lanceolatis mucronatis supra hispidis, margine
carinaque aculeatis, ramulis floriferis longitudine fo-
liorum subtrifloris, fructibus uncinato-hispidis.—
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 5Q/.

Icon. FI. clan. 4g 5. Engl. lot. 81(5.

In hedges and small woods : Pensylvania, &:c. 0. g.

June — Aug. v.v. Flowers small, white.

7. G. caulibus ramosissimis divaricatis retrorsum aculeatis,

foliis brevibus lanceolatis mucronatis glabris, margine
carinaque aculeatis, ramulis floriferis divaricato-ramu-
losis, pedicellis subbifloris, fructibus hispidis.

In mountain swamps : Canada to New York. Ij . July.
v. v. Flowers white, very numerous and exceeding
small. Jt produces generally only one Seed. Resem-
bles G. uliginosum very much.

8. G. caulibus flaccidis elongatis brachiato-ramosis hispi-

dis: ramis brevibus, foliis senis oblongo-lanceolaiis
acuminatis glabris, margine carinaque setaceo-ciliatis,
ramis floriferis verticillis longioribus divaricato-dicho-
tomis : pedicellis bifloris, fructibus uncinato-hispidis.

In meadows and on the edges of woods, frequent : New
England to Virginia, J/ . June— Aug. v.v. Flowers
white.

aspr ellum.

trifidum .

Aparine .

micranthum.

brachiatum

304

trifiorum.

hispidum.

lermudia-

num.

pilosum.

circcemns .

loreale.

TETRANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Galiuni.

9. G. caulibus procumbentibus glabriusculis, foliis senis

quinisque obovato-lanceolatis mucronatis glabris mar-
gine vix ciliatis, ramulis floriferis elongatis apice tri-
tioris, floribus pedicellatis, fructibus parvis hispidis.
Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 80.

Icon. Wendl. hort. t. 66.

In shady rocky places : Pensylvania to Carolina. 11 . July.
v. v. Flowers white, very small.

10. G. caulibus procumbentibus ramosissimis hispidis, foliis

quaternis ovali-lanceolatis acuminatis margine revolu-
tis rugosis utrinque hispidis, floribus subsolitarie ter-
minalibus, fructibus hispidis. —Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p. 79.
G. lappaceum. FI. per. 1. p. 59 ?

In Lower Carolina. Michaux. -f-. Flowers white.

1 1. G. caulibus ramosissimis vix pubescentibus, foliis quater-

nis ovatis obtusis glabris, margine nervisque pubescen-
tibus pellucido-punctatis, ramulis floriferis elongatis,
fructibus uncinato-hispidis. — lVilld.sp.pl. 1. p. 596.
G. purpureum. Walt, ft car. 87-
G. puncticulosum. Mich.Jl. amer. l.p. 80.

In wet places : Virginia to Carolina. I/.July. v. v.
Flowers purple.

12. G. caulibus subsimplicibus elongato-adscendentibus re-

mote-geniculatis hispidis, foliis quaternis ovalibus
brevissime mucronatis utrinque hirsutissimis enervibus,
ramulis floriferis elongatis subsimplicibus apice subtri-
floris, fructibus pilosis. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 599.

In dry woods : Pensylvania to Carolina. 1/ . June, July.
v. v. Flowers brownish purple.

13. G. caulibus erectis laevibus, foliis quaternis ovalibus ob-

tusis glabris, margine nervisque ciliolatis, pedunculis
divaricatis paucifloris, floribus remotis subsessilibns,
fructibus cernuis uncinato-hispidis. Mich.Jl. amer. 1.
p. 80.

G. boreale. Wdit.fi. car. 87-

In dry barren woods and mountains : New England to
Carolina. 11. June— Aug. v.v. Flowers yellowish-
white 3 stem not above six inches high.

14. G. caulibus erectis laevigatis, foliis quaternis linearibus

acutis trinervibus glabris, margine nervoque scabris,
panicula terminali divaricata, fructibus tenuissime
muricato- setosis. — Willd. sp. pl. 1 .p. 5Q5.

Icon. FI. dan. 1024 ? Engl. bot. 105 ?

On the banks of the Susquehanna near Wilkesbarre,
among rocks : Pensylvania and about the lakes of Ca«

TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Galium. 105

nada and New York. 1/ . July, v ■ v. Flowers white,
very numerous, collected in a regular panicle. Though
I doubt of its being the G. horeale of Linnaeus, I
found so many intermediate specimens in the collec-
tion of A. B. Lambert, Esq., collected by Pallas in
Russia, that I could draw no line of essential distinc-
tion between them.

132. SPERMACOCE. Gen. pl. 155.

1. S. caule erecto glabro, foliis lanceolafis supra scabris sub-

tus glabriusculis, floribus verticiiiatis, seminibus hir-
tis.— W~illd. sp . pl. 1. p. 508.

Icon. Schkuhr handb. 1. t. 22. Lam. illustr. 1. t. 62.
/■ i-

In dry gravelly situations : Virginia to Carolina. G . June
— Aug. v. v. Flowers white, very small.

2. S. caule procumbente glabro, foliis ovato-lanceolatis

utrinque glabris, floribus verticiiiatis, seminibus gla-
bris.— Mich.Jl amer. l.p. 82.

On the banks of rivers in most of the western territories.
©. July, Aug. v.v. Flowers white, longer than
No. 1.

3. S. caule diffuso tereti hirsuto, foliis lineari-lanceolatis

glabriusculis, margine carinaque serrulato-scabris, sti-
pulis longissime multisetis, floribus axillaribus sessili-
bus solitariis alternis, seminibus hirsutis. — Mich.Jl.
amer. 1. p. 82.

In dry barren soil, on iron ore hills : Virginia to Caro-
lina. Q. July, Aug. v.v. Flowers white, very
small. (

4. S. caule alterne ramoso hispidissimo, foliis ovato -lanceo-

latis acuminatis utrinque hirsutis, stipulis multisetis,
capitulis terminalibus involucratis, staminibus exertis.
In Carolina. Fraser, v. s. in Herb. Lambert. About
a foot high ; leaves broad and somewhat oblique $
Bowers white, with a very long tube.

tenuior ,

glabra .

diodina.

involucrata .

133. DIODIA. Gen.pl.15S .

I.D. glabra; caulibus procumbentibus teretiusculis, foliis virginica.
lanceolatis, corollis intus glabriusculis, fructibus ob-
longis glabris. — Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 580.

D. teres. IValt.Jl. car. 87-
Icon. Jacq. ic. rar. 1* t. 2 9. bona.

106

hirsuta .

coerulea .

elatior.

minor.

serpyllifolia .

tenella .

rotundifolia *

angustifolia.

TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. DiodlS.

In sandy wet places, on road sides : Virginia to Carolina.
7/ . June — Aug. z;. 2/. Stem smooth, purple 5 flow-
ers white.

2. D. undique hirsutissima 3 caulibus procumbentibus te-
tragonis, foliis lineari-oblanceolatis, corollis intus
dense- barbatis, fructibus ovatis hirsutis.

In sandy fields : Georgia near Savannah. 1/ . July. v. v.
Stems very branching 3 flowers white, larger than the
former species.

134. HOUSTON I A. Gen.pl. 101.

1. H. caule erecto setaceo dichotomo, foliis radical ibus spa-

thulatis, caulinis oblanceolatis oppositis, pedunculis
unifioris elongatis. — Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 583.

Poiretia erecta. Gmel. syst. 203. Anonymos. WaXt.jl.
car. 86.

Icon. Bot. mag. 3jO. Pluh. aim. t. 97. f 9.
a. H. caule pedunculisque erectis, floribus magnis coe-
ruleis.

/3. H. caule divaricato, floribus plerumque albis.

From New England to Florida : a in rocky situations :
/3 along the sandy sea-coast. 7/. April, May. v. v.
Flowers a beautiful blue, sometimes white.

2. H. caule procumbente caespitoso, foliis spathulatis ob-

tusis, pedunculis terminalibus unifioris longis. Mich.
Ji. amer. 1. p. 85.

In high mountains, near rivulets and springs : Virginia
to Carolina. 7/ . May. v. v . Flowers blue.

3. H. caule repente filiformi, foliis orbiculatis acutis nervo-

sis, pedunculis terminalibus unifioris longissimis.

On high mountains : North Carolina. Lyon. 2/:. June.
v. s. in Herb. Lyon. Flowers purple 3 smaller than
the second species, which it resembles very much.

4. H. caule repente, foliis suborbiculatis abrupte petiolatis

crassiusculis, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis unifioris.
— - Mich.Jl . amer. 1. p. 85.

Poiretia procumbens. Gmel. syst. 263. Anonymos. Walt,
jl. car. 86.

Along the sea-coast : Virginia to Florida. 7/ . March-
May. v. v. Flowers white 3 leaves evergreen.

5. H. caule erecto ramosissimo glabro, foliis linearibus,

floribus terminalibus fasciculatis subsessilibus, saepe
ternis. — Mich. jl. amer. I. p. 85.

TETRANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Houstonia,

107

H. longifolia. Willd. sp. pi. 1 . p. 583 ?

Along the sea-coast, in sandy fields : Carolina to Flori-
da If . May — -July. v. v. Flowers purple.

0. H. caule erecto superne ramoso ad geniculis pubescente,

foliis sessilibus ovatis lanceolatis vel lineari-lanceolatis,
fasciculis terminalibus corymbosis. Willd. sp. pi. I.
p. 584.

H. varians. Mich.jl. amer. 1 . p. 8(5.

Hedyotis umbellata. Walt.jl. car. 85.

Knoxia purpurea. Lam. illustr. 1 . p. 2 5Q.

In dry woods : Pensylvania to Carolina. Ij.. June, July.
v . v. Flowers purple.

135. AMM ANNIA. Gen. pl. 20 6.

X. A. caule erecto, foliis lanceolato-linearibus basi dilatata
semi-amplexicaulibus, floribus inferioribus verticillatis.
— Willd . sp. pl. 1. p. 6JQ.

In swamps and inundated fields : Virginia, Carolina, and
the western territories. ©.July, Aug. v. v. Flow-
ers purple.

2. A. caule procumbente, foliis lanceolatis in petiolum an-
gustatis, floribus solitariis oppositis sessilibus. — Midi,
fi. amer. l. p. gg.

A. ramosior. Walt. fi. car. 88.

In gravelly wet places, along rivers : Virginia to Caro-
lina. 0. Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers red.

136. PTELEA. Gen. pl. 1505.

1. P. foliis ternatis. Willd. sp, pl. 1 . p. 6j 0.

Icon. Schmidt arh. 2. t. 76. Mill, ic.2, t. 211.

ft, P. foliis quinatis. Du Roi.

/3. P. foliis pubescentibus. ^

In shady moist hedges and on the edges of woods among
rocks : New York to Carolina. ^ . June. v. v. A
small tree or shrub from ten to fifteen feet high.
Flowers small, greenish white, in corymbous clusters.
The variety /3 grows in Pensylvania, and appears to be
anew species.

137- CORNUS. Gen.pl.\g4.

* Involucratce capitalce.

l.C. herbacea j foliis summis verticillatis venosis, involu-
cris ovatis acuminatis, drupis globosis. Willd. sp.

pl. 1 .p. 66l.

purpurea •

ramosior .
humilis .

trifoliata.

pentaphylla.

pubescens.

canadensis

10S

fiorida .

circinata.

sericea.

asperifoiia.

TETKANDRIA MONOGYNIA. ComUS.

Icon. L'Her. corn. t. 1. Bot. mag. 880.

In shady woods of Canada, and on high mountains in
boggy ground, from New England to Carolina. I/ . ^ .
May. v. v. About six inches high ; flowers purplish-
white j involucra white 5 berries red, ripe in July.

2. C. arborea foliis ovatis acuminatis,' involucris magnis

quasi obcordatis, drupis ovatis .— Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p.66l.

Icon. Catesb. car. t. 27 . Schmidt arb. t. 62. Bot. mag.

526. Dog-wood.

Frequent in woods from Canada to Carolina. . May.
v. v. A beautiful small tree ; flowers greenish-yel-
low j involucre white, tinged with red berries scarlet,
ripe in August. The wood is exceedingly hard, and of
a very fine texture.

** Nudce cymosce.

3. C. ramis verrucosis, foliis lato-ovalibus acuminatis subtus

albo-tomentosis, cymis patentissimis. — L'Herit. corn.

P • 7-

C. tomentulosa. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 91.

C. rugosa. Lam. encycl. 2 . p. 115.

C. virginiana. Hort. pur.

Icon. L'Herit. 1. c. t. 3. Schmidt arb. 2. t.6$.

On the banks of rivers : Canada to Virginia. . June,
July. v. v. A shrub from six to ten feet high j leaves
broad, waved on their edges ; flowers white, as in all
the following species 5 berries blue.

4. C. ramis patulis : ramulis lanuginosis, foliis ovatis acu-

minatis subtus ferrugineo-pubescentibus, cymis de-
pressis lanuginosis. — Willd. sp. pl. 1. p . 663.

C. lanuginosa. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. Q2.

C. alba. Walt. fl. car. 88.

C. caerulea. Lam. encycl. 2. p. 11 6.

C. amomum. Du Roi harlk. 1. p. 1 65.

C. rubiginosa. Ehrh. beitr. 4. p. 15.

C. ferruginea. Hort. par.

Icon. L Herit. corn. t. 2. Schmidt arb. 2. t. 64.

In swampy woods and on river banks : Canada to Caro-
lina. Pj • June, July. v. v. From five to eight feet
high ; berries bright blue.

5. C. ramis erectis : ramulis cymisque pubescentibus, foliis

brevi-petiolatis ovalibus acuminatis supra asperis spb-
tus subtomentosis.— -ilfzcJz. fl. amer. \ .p. Q3.

In shady woods of Lower Carolina. Michaux. I2 ,

TETR ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. ComUS.

109

j

June, July. -J-. Probably only a variety of the
former species.

0, C. ramis strictis fastigiatis, foliis ovatis acuminatis gla-
bris subconcoloribus, cymis convexis subpaniculatis.
L'Herit. corn. p. 8.

C. fastigiata. Mich.ji. amer . 1. p. 92.

C. sanguinea. Walt. jl. car. 88.

C. canadensis. Hort. par.

Icon. L' Her it. corn. t. 4. Schmidt arb. 2 . t. 67.

On the banks of rivers : Canada to Carolina, frequent.
Tj . June. v. v. From six to ten feet high 3 berries
blue : anthers blue.

7. C. ramis strictis, foliis ovatis concoloribus utrinque pu-

bescentibus, cymis patentibus. L’Herit. corn. p. 5.
Icon. Schmidt arb. 2. t. 66. FI. dan. 481.

Near the lakes of Canada and New York. T? • June,
July. v. v. From eight to twelve feet high 3 anthers
yellow 3 berries dark brown.

8. C. ramis recurvatis, ramulis glabris, foliis ovatis acutis

pubescentibus subtus canis, cymis depressis. L' Flerit.
corn. p. 6. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 662.

C, stolonifera. Mich. ji. amer. i. p. 92.

C. tartarica. Mill. diet. n. 7.

Icon. Schmidt arb. 2. t. 65.

On the banks of rivers and lakes : Canada to Virginia.
Tj . May — July. v. v. From six to ten feet high 3
branches red ; berries blueish-white.

9. C. ramis erectis, foliis ovatis acuminatis glabris subtus

canis, cymis thyrsoideis. L' Her it. corn. p. 9.

C. racemosa. Lam. encycl. 2. p.l\6.

C. citrifolia. Hort. par .

(3. C. foliis elliptico-lanceolatis. Ehrh.
y. C. racemis sterilibus foliiferis.

Icon. L'Herit. corn. t. 5. Schmidt arb. 2, t . 68.

In swamps and near rivulets among other bushes : Cana-
da to Carolina, jrare. T2 . July, Aug. v. v. From
four to six feet high 3 berries white, depressed glo-
bo us.

10. C. ramis verrucosis, foliis alternis ovatis acutis subtus

canis, cymis depressis patentibus. L'Herit. corn. p. 10.
Willd. sp. pl. i. p. 664. ,

Icon. L'Herit. corn. t. 6. Schmidt arb. 2. t. 7 0.

In shady woods, on river banks : Canada to Carolina.
. May — July. v. v. A small tree from fifteen to
twenty feet high j berries purple.

stricta .

sanguinea .

alba .

paniculata.

albida.

radiata.

alternjfolia.

1 JO

TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

macrocarpa .

138. LUDWIGIA. Ge?z. pi. 204.

* Corollatce.

1 . L. erecta, ramosa, glabriuscula ; foliis alternis lanceolatis
subtus canis, pedunculis unifloris axillaribus, capsulis
globoso-tetragonis, laciniis calycinis magnis coloratis
coronatis. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 8 9.

L. alternifolia. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 6J2.

Icon. Lam. encycl. 3. p. 77- Trew ehr. 2. t. 2.

In wet pastures and swamps : New England to Florida.
1/ . July. v. v. Stem purple, two feet high ; flowers
yellow.

hirsuta .

2. L. erecta, ramosa, hirsuta ; foliis alternis oblongis sessi-,
libus utrinque hirsutis, pedunculis unifloris axillaribus,
capsulis globoso-tetragonis coronatis basi bibracteatis.
Lam. encycl. 3. p. 587-
L. pilosa. Walt.jl. car. 89.

In ditches and ponds on sandy soil : New Jersey to Ca-
rolina. 1/ . July, Aug. v. v. The same size and
habit as No. 1.

linearis .

3. L. erecta, virgata, glabra ; foliis alternis linearibus acu-
tis, floribus axillaribus solitariis sessilibus, capsulis
oblongis turbinatis, laciniis calycinis semilanceolatis.
— Walt . fl. car. 8p.

L. angustifolia. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p . 88.

Near ditches and ponds in sandy soil : Virginia to Caro-
lina. }/. July, Aug. v.v. From two to five feet high,
very branchy; flowers small, yellowish-brown.

virgata ,

4. L. erecta, virgata, glabra 5 foliis alternis linearibus obtu-
sis, floribus terminalibus subspicatis pedicellatis, cap-
sulis globoso-tetragonis ecoronatis. Mich.jl. amer. l.
p. 89. '

L. ramosissima. Walt.jl. car. 89.

In dry sandy woods of Lower Carolina. Michaux . 1/. .

May, June. v. s. Flowers small.

decurrens .

5.L. erecta, ramosissima, glabra; foliis alternis lineari-
lanceolatis decurrentibus, floribus axillaribus subsessi-
libus solitariis alternis, capsulis clavatis coronatis, la-
ciniis calycinis ovali-lanceolatis. Walt.jl. car, 89 .

L. jussiseoides. Mich.jl. amer. t.p. 8p.

In shady woods near ponds and ditches : Virginia and
Lower Carolina. ©.July, Aug. v.v. About a foot
high, very branchy ; flowers large, yellow.

TETRANDRI A MONOGYNIA. Ludwigia.

6. L. erecta, glabra ; foliis alternis lato-linearibus acutis

basi rotundatis, capitulis spicatis terminalibus, petalis
calyce brevioribus, capsulis subglobosis coronatis, la-
ciniis calycinis dilatatis brevibus. Mich.Ji. amer. 1*

p. 90.

L. suffruticosa. Walt. fi. car. 90.

In swamps of North and South Carolina. 1/ . July —

Sept. v. v. The root is creeping ; infertile branches
have short obovate leaves ; flowers small, yellow.

7. L. repens, pubescens; foliis oppositis lineari-lanceolatis pedunculosa .

glabris, pedunculis axillaribus uni horis longissimis,
capsulis clavato-oblongis coronatis, laciniis calycinis
lanceolatis. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 88.

L. arcuata. Walt.fi. car . 89.

In swamps near the sea-coast : Virginia to South Caro-
lina. %. May — July. v. s. A small plant ; flowers
large, yellow.

** Ape t alee.

S. L. repens, lucida ; foliis oppositis ovato-lanceolatis petio- nitida .

latis, floribus axillaribus solitariis sessilibus, capsulis
subo vatis brevi-coronatis. Mich.fi. amer . 1. p. 87-
L. apetala. Walt.fi. car. 89.

L. repens. Sivartz.fi. ind. occid. 1. p. 273.

Isnardia palustris. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 680.

Icon. Lain, encycl. 3. t. 77*

In ditches and ponds, common : Canada to Georgia.

11 . ©.May — Sept. v.v. Floating in the water;
flowers exceeding small, frequently with rudiments
of petals.

9. L. procumbens, glaberrima ; foliis alternis spathulato- glandulosa ,
obovalibus superne glanduloso-marginatis ; floribus
sessilibus axillaribus solitariis, capsulis minimis coro-
natis, laciniis calycinis rotundis acuminatis. Walt .

fi. car. 88.

L. microcarpa. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 88.

In swamps of Lower Carolina. Michaux. 1/ . July. v. s.

Flowers small ; leaves acuminate, small.

10. L. erecta, ramosa, pubescens ; foliis alternis lanceolate- mollis »

oblongis, floribus sessilibus alternis superioribus con-
gestis, capsulis subrotundis. Mich.fi. amer. I. p. 90.

L. rudis. Walt. fi. car. 8Q.

In swamps of Lower Carolina. Michaux. July,

111

eapitata .

112

alpina ,

Apkanes.

/ •

140. BOEHMERIA. Gen.pl. 1421.

cylindrica. 1. B. foliis oppositis ovato-oblongis acuminatis dentatis gla-
bris, floribus dioicis, spicis masculis glomeratis inter-
ruptis, femineis cylindricis, caule herbaceo. Willd,
sp. pl. 4. p. 340.

Urtica cylindrica. Linn.sp.pl.l3Q6. Midi. jl. amer. 2.
p. 1/9.

Icon. Sloan, hist. jam. l.t. 82. f. 2.

In shady wet places : Canada to Florida. 7/ . June— Aug,
v. v. About two feet high.

lateriflora . 2. B. foliis alternis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis serratis sca-

bris, floribus glomeratis lateralibus, caule herbaceo.
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 342.

In rocky shady woods : Pensylvania to Virginia. 1/ . July.
v. v . Leaves on long petioles, trinerved.

141. URTICA. Gen. pl. 1422. Nettle.

pumila , l.U. foliis oppositis ovatis acuminatis trinerviis serratis,

petiolis inferioribus longitudine folii, Roribus monoi-
ds triandris capitato- corymbosis petiolo brevioribus.
Willd.sp.pl. 4. p . 348.

TETKANDIUA MONOGYNIA.

139. ALCHEMILLA. Gen.pl. 222. Ladies- mantle.

1 . A. foliis digitatis apice dentatis sericeis. Willd. sp. pl. 1,

p. 698.

Icon. FI dan. 4Q. Engl. hot. 244.

On the peaks of high mountains in Vermont and New
Hampshire. I/.June, July. v. s. Whether the
American species is the true A. alpina or not, I am
not able to determine, as I am at present in w'ant of
specimens to compare them ; but the plale in the Flora
Danica represents the American plant fully, as far as
recollection can decide.

2. A. foliis tripartitis, laciniis trifidis pubescentibus, floribus

axillaribus glomeratis monandris. Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 699.

Aphanes arvensis. Linn. sp. pl. 1 JQ.

Icon. Engl. lot. 1011. Fl.dan.Q73. Lam. illiistr. 1.

t. 87.

In fields of Virginia. Clayton. © . May — Aug. v. s.
in Heri. Gronov.

TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA, Urtica.

In shady woods among rocks : Canada to Carolina. 0 „
July. v. v. Smooth and shining very variable in
size.

2. U. foliis oppositis ellipticis subquinquenervibus argute

serratis, spicis glomeratis geminatis. IVilld. sp. pL 4 .
p. 352.

Icon. Fl.dan./3g. Engl.bot. 1230.

In cultivated grounds : Canada to Virginia ; rare. Q.
May — July. v.v. Probably introduced from Europe.

3. U. foliis oppositis cordatis ovato-lanceolatis grosse serra-

tis, floribus dioicis, spicis paniculatis glomeratis ge-
minatis petiolo longioribus. IVilld. sp, pl. 4. p. 352.
Icon. FI. dan. 74 6.

On road sides and in waste places, frequent : Canada to
Carolina. 2/. June — Aug. v.v.

4. U. foliis oppositis cordatis ovato-lanceolatis serratis, pe-

tiolis ciliatis, floribus dioicis, spicis subramosis glome-
ratis geminis petiolum subaequantibus. IVilld. sp.
pl. 4. p. 353.

U. gracilis. Ait. kew. 3. p. 341 ?

On water sides in rocky situations : Canada to Pensyl-
vania. 2/. July, Aug. v. v. The specimen of Ur-
tica gracilis in the Herbarium of A. B. Lambert, Esq.
agrees in every respect with the present species.

5. U. foliis oppositis subsessilibus ovatis serratis subtus stri-

gosis, glomerulis axillaribus sessilibus subglobosis re-
flexis, caule stimuloso.

On the islands of Georgia : St. Simon’s, &c. 0. May.

v. s. in Herb. Lyon. The leaves are small : the stings
white and very conspicuous.

6. U. foliis alternis cordato-ovatis acuminatis serratis tri-

nervibus petiolo duplo longioribus, glomerulis spicatis,
spicis solitariis folio brevioribus, superne foliosis,
caule nudo. — Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 363.

In shady woods, near rocks 5 Canada to Carolina, 2/ .
June, July. v. v. Resembles U. dioica.

7. U. foliis alternis ovatis acuminatis serratis, glabriusculis,

petiolis longis ciliatis, paniculis axillaribus solitariis
divaricato-ramosissimis petiolo longioribus, caule sti-
muloso.— IVilld. sp. pl. 4. p. 3 65 ?

In shady woods, in rocky situations : Canada to Caro-
lina. 21 . July, Aug. v. v. This species is very near
to the following, but is sufficiently distinct in ths
VOL. I. I

113

urens ,

dioica •

procera *

chamcedroi*

des.

capitata „

divaricata 0

114

mnadensis .

pensylvanvca .

^flavescens.

accidentalis.

drgentea.

TETRANDMA MONOGYNIA. Urtica.

leaves being not cordate and smooth, the panicles so-
litary and mixed with female flowers, and the general
appearance of the plant.

8. U. foliis alternis cordato-ovatis acuminatis serratis utrinque
hispidis, paniculis axillaribus plerumque geminatis,
divaricato-ramosissimis, inferioribus masculis petiolo
longioribus, superioribus elongatis femineis, caule his-
pidissimo stimuloso. — Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 3 65.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 23 J.f 2.

Near rivulets, in rocky or sandy situations : Canada to
Carolina, especially in the mountains. 1/. July, Aug.
v. v. From five to six feet high j leaves large.

142. PARIETARIA. Gen. pl. 15Jd. Pellitory.

1. P. foliis oblongo-Ianceolatis venosis opaco-puoctatis, in-
volucro triphyllo floribus longiore. Willd. sp. pl. 4.
p. 955.

On moist rocks : Pensylvania, See. Q . June. v. v. 3
v. s. in Herb. Nuttall.

14 3. VISCUM. Gen. pl. 1504. Misseltoe.

1. V. foliis lanceolatis obtusis, spicis axillaribus aggregatis.
— Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 740 ?

V. album. Walt.Jl. car. 241.

Parasitic on oaks, and other trees 5 rare. T? . May. v. v.
It is doubtful whether this is truly V .flavescens ; but
the specimens observed by me in the West Indies were
exactly the same as those of North America $ berries
white.

144. CE PHALANTHUS. Gen . pl. \47- Button- wood.

1. C. foliis oppositis ternisque. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 543.
Icon. Schmidt arb. t. 45. Pluk. aim. t. 77 f 4.

In deep swamps and morasses, common : Canada to
Florida. J? . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white, in a
round ball.

145. ELJEAGRUS. Gen. pl. 213. Oleaster.

1. E. inermis, foliis oblongis utrinque acutis argenteo-le-
pidotis, floribus subsolitariis nutantibus.

In the extensive plains on the banks of the Missouri.
M. Lewis and T. IS'uttall. \ • July. v. s. in Herb ,

TEtRANDRIA MOWOGYNI A. ElseagrUS.

Lewis. Missouri Silver-tree. In the collection of
A. B. Lambert, Esq., are specimens from Dr. Pallas,
under the name of E. latifolius , which approach very
near to the present, species ; but the leaves are longer,
and but slightly covered with that silvery substance
on the upper surface, which in the present one is equal
on both sides: besides, the flowers are generally aggre-
gate : it is probable that both belong to the same spe-
cies, different from E. latifolius of Linnasus, which
I do not know.

115

%

I

i

146. HIPPOPHAE. Gen.pl.150g. Sea Buckthorn.

1. H. foliis ovatis acutiusculis, supra glabriusculis, subtus

argenteo-pilosis lepidotisque : squamis sparsis ferru-
gineis.— JVilld. sp. pi. 4. p. 744.

Near lakes and rivers : Canada to New York. . May.
v. v.

2. H. foliis ovatis obtusis utrinque glabris dense argenteo- argentea <=

lepidotis.

On the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis. I? . v.s. in
Herb. Lewis, c. fr. This shrub resembles Elceagrus
argentea so much, that they might easily be mistaken
one for the other when without fruit ; but this species
bears really a berry, different from the drupa of the
other genus. The flowers are according to information
from Mr. Nuttali four- cleft, and resemble those of
Elceagrus very much.

canadensis „

II. DIG YN I A.

.

147* PLANERA. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 247.

1. Planera. Willd. sp. pi. 4. p.gOj . aquatica ,

P. Gmelini. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 248.

Anonymos aquatica. Walt. ft. car. 230.

On the banks of rivers in both Carolinas. Ij . May. v. v .

A tree resembling an Elm in its foliage very much $
the leaves are small , equal on their base and equally
serrated ; the flowers appear before the leaves at the
end of the branches in close bunches, are small and of
a greenish-brown colour.

1 2

tETRANDRIA DIGYN1A,

ll6

virginica .

macrophylla.

Americana.

canadensis.

media »

148. HAMAMELI3. Gen. pi. 22 6. Witch-haZeL

1. H. foliis obovatis acute dentatis sinu parvo cordatis.— -

Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 701 .

Icon, Catesb. car. 3. t. 2. Duham. arb. 1. t. 114.

In stony and dry situations, but frequently near water:
Canada to Florida. Tj . Octob. — Feb. v.v. This
singular shrub, which grows about ten or twelve feet
high, begins to show its yellow flowers in autumn,
when all others have dropt their fruit, continues to
flower all winter, and forms its fruit the spring fol-
lowing.

2. H. foliis suborbiculatis cordatis grosse obtuse-dentatis

subtus scabro- punctatis.

On river sides in the western part of Georgia. J. Lyon.
T? . v. s. in Herb. Lyon. The large leaves punctated
on their lower side, with rough tubercles and other
marks, give sufficient reasons to consider it a distinct
species : besides this, it is very probable that under
H. virginica are two distinct species, as the northern
plant seems to differ very much from the southern in
its outside appearance.

149. CUSCUTA. Gen. pl. 22?. Dodder.

1 . C. floribus pedunculatis umbellatis quinquefidis. Willd.
sp. pl. 1. p. 702.

Icon. Sloan, last. 1. t. 128. f 4.

Parasitic in hedges and on other plants, in moist situa-
. tions. O . July. v. v. Twining round other plants 5 leaf-
less ,* flowers in clusters 5 the whole plant has a red-
dish-yellow appearance.

150. SANGUISORBA. Gen.pl. IQ 0.

1. S. spicis cylindricis longissimis, staminibus corolla multo-

ties longioribus. Willd. enum. pl. & sp. pl. 1. p. 654.
Icon. Corn, can ad. 1. 1/4.

In wet meadows : Canada to New York. 1/ . July, Aug.
v. v. Flowers in very long white spikes $ leaves re-
sembling Burnet.

2. S. spicis cylindricis, staminibus corolla longioribus. Willd.

enum. pl. & sp. pl. 1 . p. 6.54.

In wet meadows, principally on the mountains : Canada
to Carolina. 1/ . July, Aug. v. v. The spikes shorter,
and tinged with red.

TETRANDRIA TRIGYNXA»

ii?

III. TRIG YN I A,

151. PACHYSANDRA. MicJi.fi. amer. 2 .p. 177-

1. P. caule procumbente, foliis brevibus ovalibus superne
crenato-den tatis, calycibus minutim ciliatis, capsula
puberula. Mich.fi. amer. 2.p. 178.

Icon. Mich. I. c. t. 45.

In shady rocky situations on the Allegany mountains.
. June. v. v. Evergreen : flowers greenish- white

IV. TETRAG YN I A.

152. ILEX. Gen . pi. 232. Holly.

1. I. foliis ovatis acutis spinosis glabris planis, floribus ad

basin ramulorum annotinorum sparsis. Willd. sp. pl. 1 .
p. 70S.

I. Aquifolium baccis rubris. Walt.fi. car. 241.

Icon. Meerb. ic. 2 t. 5.

In sandy woods, Canada to Carolina ; particularly plenty
in the state of New Jersey. ^ • May, June. v.v.
An evergreen beautiful tree, sometimes eighty feet
high and four in diameter 3 berries scarlet.

2. I. foliis ovatis sinuato- dentatis spinosis nitidis planis,

pedunculis supra axillaribus in ramulis junioribus ag-
gregatis laxe-ramosis. Lam. encycl 3.p. 147.

I. Aquifolium baccis flavis. WaLt.fi. car. 241.

In shady sandy woods : Carolina. . May, June.
v. v. j v s. in Herb. Fraser. An evergreen shrub of
lower growth than the former species 5 berries yel-
lowish-red.

3. I. foliis ovato-lanceolatis argute serratis planis, costa

media subtus glabra, pedunculis lateralibus corymboso-
ramosis. Ait. \ew. 1. p. 1/0.

Icon. Catesb. car. 1. t. 31.

In shady swamps : Lower Carolina to Florida. J~ . June.
v.v An evergreen shrub from eight to twelve feet
high.

4. I. foliis lanceolato-ellipticis subintegerrimis margine re-

flexis, costa media subtus villosa, pedunculis lateralibus

procumbens .

opaca,

laxifiora .

Cassine ,

Dahoon

iis

TETEANDRXA TETXAGYNIA. IleX.

angustifolia.

terminalibusque corymboso-paniculatis. — Walt. Jt . j

car. 241, Mjch.fi. amer 2, p. 228.

In open swamps : Carolina to Florida. . May, June.

v. v. A beautiful evergreen shrub and sometimes
tree ; the leaves are very coriaceous, and resemble
those of Laurus Borbonia.

5 . I. foliis lineari-lanceolatis apice serratis margine reflexis,
costa media subtus glabra, cymis lateralibus peduncu-
laris paucifloris. — Willd. enum. pl.

I. myrtitolia. Walt.jl. car. 241.

Iigustrifolia.

I. rosmarini folia. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 350.

/3. I. foliis latioribus omnibus integerrimis. An species di-
stincta ?

Jn deep swamps : Virginia to Georgia. Pj . June. v. v.
An evergreen shrub from six to ten feet high.

vomitoria.

6. I. foliis oblongis utrinque obtusis crenato-serratis glabris
umbellis lateralibus subsessilibus. Ait. hew. l.p.IJO.
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 709.

I. Cassine. Walt.jl. car. 241.

Ilex ligustrina. Jacq. collect. 4. p. 105,

Cassine Peragua. Mill. ic. t. 83., f. 2.

Icon. Jacq. ic. rar. 2. t. 3 10. Wendl. hort. t. 31.

Along the sea-coast : Carolina to Florida. T2 . June, July,
v. v The leaves of this handsome shrub are used by
the Indians to make their Black drink , so much in
use among them, not only as a medicine, but also as a
drink of etiquette on their councils, when matters of
consequence are to be transacted.

prinoides .

7. 1. foliis deciduis ianceolatis in petiolum attenuatis levi-
ter serratis, costa media subtus villosa, pedunculis uni-
floris aggregatis, fertilibus solitariis. Ait. kew. 1»
p. 169. Willd. sp pl l . p. 709.

I. decidua. Walt.jl. car. 241.

On rocky shady banks of rivers : Virginia to Georgia.
I2 . June, July. v. v. A small shrub ; berries red.

canadensis.

8. I ? foliis deciduis ovatis integerrimis seu apice rariter ser-
ratis glabris, pedunculis subsolitariis longissimis uni-
floris, fructu obtuse subtetragono. Midi. fi. amer. 2,
p. 229.

Icon. Mich. 1. c. t.4g.

On high mountains, near the edges of ponds : Canad^-
to Carolina, . April, May. v . v . Not above three
feet high ; berries large, beautiful crimson, very or-
namental.

TKTR ANDRIA TETRAGYNIA, IleX.

9. I ? foliis oppositis oblongis obtusis serratis margine re- myrsinites ,

flexis glabris sempervirentibus, pedunculis axillaribus
brevissimis subsolitariis unifloris basi bibracteatis.

On the Rocky- mountain and near the Pacific Ocean.

M. Lewis. . July, Aug. v. s. in Herb . Lewis.

Frutex sempervirens, glaberrimus, 4- pedalis, ramosissi-
mus : rami teretes, fusci, dense foliosi. Folia parva
opposita, oblonga seu obovata, obtusa, superne serrata,
postice integerrima, margine revoluta, vix petiolata.

Pedunculi axillares, brevissimi, uniflori, solitarii seu
terni, basi opposite bibracleati. Flores minuti, albi.

Cal. 4-hdus : laciniis subrotundis, concavis. Cor. ro-
tata, 4-fida : laciniis oblongis. Filam. 4. ad incisuras
corollas inserta ? longitudine calycis. Germen supe-
rum, ovale. Styl. brevissimus, clavatus. Stig. 4-
lobum, crassum. Drupa maturitate monosperma,
ovata, atro purpurea, magnitudine pisi. Sem. 1. el-
lipticum.

This very curious shrub, of which I have likewise ob-
served a specimen in the museum of A. R. Lambert,

Esq., collected by A. Menzies, deserves to be exa-
mined in the living plant. It approaches so near to
Myginda Rhacoma of Jacquin, that at first I consi-
dered it to be the same plant. It likewise has great
affinity to Paltoria ovalis Flor. per. 1. p. 44. t. 84.
only the leaves are not opposite, but sparse and crenate
not serrated, which is the case always in the present
plant. As I do not know the Myginda Rhacoma , it
would be a curious fact if this plant, from the high
cold mountains of the north, should turn out to be the
same with the tropical plant. I refer it to Ilex at pre-
sent, till further observations will decide to which
genus it belongs, or whether it may not form one by
itself.

153. SAGINA. Gen.pl. 236.

1. S. caulibus procumbentibus glabris, petalis brevissimis, procumbens 8
Smith Jl. brit. 1. p. I99. Willd. sp.pl. 1 p. 7 IS.

Icon. Engl. hot. 880. Pluk. aim . t. 74. f 2.

In barren sandy fields : Virginia and Carol i na. Walter
and Clayton. 0 . May— Aug. v. s. in Herb. Walter.

3 20

natans f

fluitans.

heteropkyl-

lum.

setaceum .

perfoliatum.

lucens .

TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNIA.

154. POTAMOGETON. Gen. pl. 234.

1. P. foliis longe petiolatis natantibus sublanceolato-ovali»

bus, primariis nonnullis subcordatis. Midi. jl. amer. 1.
p. 101.

In ponds and slow»flowing waters, common. 1/ . June,
Juiy. v.v. Floating in the water; flowers, as all
the following, in spikes axillary or sometimes ter-
minal, small and of a greenish colour. It is doubtful
whether- this is not a new species, but I had no oppor-
tunity to compare it in a living or dried state with the
European plant.

2. P. foliis inferioribus longissimis linearibus, superioribus

lanceolatis nervosis coriaceis, omnibus petiolatis. —
Willd. sp. pl. \ . p. J\3.

P. foliis lanceolato-oblongis, petiolis longis. Gron.fl .
virg. i 39.

In ponds on the barrens of New Jersey and Carolina.
% . July. v. v.

3. P. foliis superioribus petiolatis ellipticis utrinque attenua-

tis, inferioribus confertis sessilibus linearibus. Willd .
sp.pl. l.p. 713.

P. hybridum. Mich.Jl. amer. l.p. 101.

In slow flowing waters of Virginia and Carolina. IjL
June. v.v.

4. P. foliis superioribus oppositis lanceolatis quinquenervi-

bus brevi-petiolatis, inferioribus alternis filiformi-
bus, spicis densis alternis folio brevioribus. — Willd,
sp.pl: 1. p. 716 ?

In sma.ll lakes and rivers, on the pine barrens of Jersey.
}/ . July, Aug. v. v. The upper leaves are scarcely
half an inch long ; the whole plant very slender.

5. P. foliis cordato-ovatis amplexicaulibus omnibus im-

mersis, spicis terminalibus, floribus alternis. — Mich,
Jl. amer. 1. p. 101. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 713.

Icon. FI. dan. 196. Engl. hot. 108.

In ponds and rivers, frequent : Canada to Pensyl vania.
11 . July, Aug. v. v. Spike of flowers only floating,
brown.

6 . P. foliis lanceolatis subsessilibus, costa media crassa,

spicis longis cylindricis. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p . 10.1,
Willd . sp.pl. 1. p. 714.

Icon. FI. dan. 1Q5. Engl. lot. 370-

TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNI A » Potamogeton.

In ponds and rivers on sandy soil : New Jersey to Caro-
lina. V. . July, Aug. v. v. Leaves larger than any of
the other sorts $ spike greenish brown.

7. P foliis alternis oppositisve lanceolato-ellipticis undulatis

serratis, spicis paucifloris. — Willd . sp. pi. 1. p. 714.
Icon. FI. dan. 927. Curt. lond. 5. t. 15.

In rivers and ponds: Canada to Virginia. 1/. June,
July. v.v. Spikes greenish red, small.

8. P. foliosum j foliis sessilibus angusto-linearibus planis,

spicis capitatim subquadrifloris.

P. gramineum. Mich.fl. amer. l.p. 102.

In rivers near the sea- coast of Lower Carolina. 1/ .

P. foliis praelongo- setaceis approximatis distichis basi va-
ginantibus, spicis terminalibus interruptis verticillatis,
fructibus ovatis turgidis.— —Smith fl. hrit. 1. p. 197.

P. marinum. Mich.fl. amer. l.p. 102.

In ponds and slow-flowing waters : Canada to Pensylva-
nia. I/ . July. v. v. Only the spikes appear above
water 5 flowers seldom.

155. RUPPIA. Geji.pl. 235.

1. Ruppia. Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 717.

Icon. Engl. lot. 136. Mich. gen. 35. FI. dan. 364.
On the mouth of most rivers in North America. 1/ . v. v.

121

crispum .

pauciflorum .

pectinatum .

maritima.

V. PENTANDRIA.

I. MONOGYNIA.

# Flores monopet ali} inferi , tetraspermi. Asperifoliac.

150. ECHIUM. Cor, fauce nuda, irregularis, campanu-
lata.

157. HELIOTROPIUM. Cor. fauce nuda, hypocrateri-

formis, lobis dente interjectis.

158. PULMONARIA. Cor. fauce nuda, infundibuliformis.

Cal. prismaticus.

159. LITHOSPERMUM. Cor. fauce nuda, infundibuli-

formis. Cal. 5-partitus.

160. BATSCHIA. Cor. fauce nuda, hypocrateriformis,

intus basi annulo barbato cinctus : laciniis rotundatis.
Cal . 5-fidus.

101. ONOSMODIUM. Cor. fauce nuda, subcampanulata,

limbo ventricoso : laciniis conni ventibus acutis.

Anth. sessiles inclusae. Cal. 5-partitus.

102. LYCOPSIS. Cor. fauce fornicata, infundibuliformis,

tubo curvato.

103. CYNOGLOSSUM. Cor. fauce fornicata, infundibu-

liformis. Sem. depressa, latere affixa.

104. MYOSOTIS. Cor. fauce fornicata, hypocraterifor-

mis, lobis emarginatis.

* Flores monopetali , inferi , angiospermi.

105. HYDROPHYLLUM. Caps. 1-locularis, 2- valvis.

Cor. campanulata, interne striis 5. melliferis longitu-
dinalibus. Stigm.. 2-fidum.

100. ANAGALLIS. Caps. 1-locularis, circumscissa. Cor,
rotata. Stigm. capitatum.

3 07. LYSIMACHIA. Caps. 1-locularis, 10-valvis. Cor.
rotata. Stigm. obtusum.

108. DODECATHEON. Caps. 1-locularis, oblonga. Cor.

PEMTANDRIA»

123

rotata, reflexa. Stam, tubo insidentia. Stigm, ob-
tusum.

169. PRIMULA. Caps, l-locularis. Cor. tubus cylin-

dricus, ore patulo. Stigm. globosum. Involucr.
umbellulae.

370. AND ROS ACE. Caps, l-locularis. Cor. hypocrate-
riformis, fauce coarctata. Stigm. globosum.

171. SABBATIA. Caps, l-locularis. Cor. tubo urceolato,
limbo 5 — 12-partito. Stig?n. 2-partitum : laciniis
spiralibus. Anth. demum revoluta.

372. HOTTONTA. Caps, l-locularis. Cor. hypocrateri-
formis. Stam. tubo corollas imposita. Stigm. glo-
bosum.

173. MENYANTHES. Caps, l-locularis, 2-valvis. Cor.
rotata : laciniis disco longi tudinaliter barbatis, mar-
gine planis. Stigm. . 2-fidum.

374. YILLARS1A. Cups, l-locularis, evalvis. Cor. ro-
tata : laciniis basi barbatis, margine inflexis. Stigm .
2-lobum. Glandulas 5. staminibus alternae.

175. SPIGELIA. Caps. 2-locularis, didyma. Cor. infun-
dibuliformis Stigm. simplex.

1 70. OPHIORRHIZA. Caps. 2-locularis, 2-partita. Cor.

infundibuliformis. Stigm. 2-fidum,

177- PHACEL1A. Caps. 2-locularis, 4-sperma. Cor.
sub campanulata. Stam. exerta. Styl. brevis.

178. ELLISIA. Caps . 2-locularis, 2-valvis : loculi 2-

epermi, semine uno supra alterum. Cor. infundibu-
liformis, angusta. Stam. inclusa. Stigm. 2-fidum.
Cal. persistens.

179. DATURA. Caps. 2-locularis, 4-valvis. Cor. infun-

dibuliformis. Cal. deciduus.

180. HYOSCYAMUS. Caps. 2-locularis, operculata.

Cor. infundibuliformis, irregularis. Stam. inclinata»
Stigm. capitatum.

181. N COTIANA. Caps. 2-locularis, 2-valvis. Cor.

infundibuliformis, limbo plicato. Stam. inclinata.
Sdgm. emarginatum.

182. VERBASCUM. Caps. 2 Jocularis. Cor. rotata, in-

aequalis. FU. barbata. Stigm. obtusum.

183. CALYSTEGHA. Cups, semioiloculare, sub-4-sperma.

Cor. campanulata, 5-plicata. Stigm. 2. globosa.
Cal. basi bibracteatus.

J84. CONVOLVULUS. Caps. 2-3-locularis. Cor. cam-
panulata, 5-plicata. Stigm. 2. filiformia. Cal. nudus
aut bibracteatus.

324

PKNTANDRIA.

185. IPOMCEA. Caps. 2-3-locularis. Cor. infundibuli-
formis, 5 -plicata. Stigm. capitatum, 2— 3-lobum.
Cal. nudus.

3 80. CANI U A. Caps. 3-locularis, 3-valvis. Cor. infun-
dibuliformis. Stigm. 3-fidum. Sem. alata.

187. DIAPENSIA. Caps. 3-locularis, 3-valvis, polysper-

raa. Cor . hypociattriformis . tubo brevi. Cal. 5-
partitus, basi bracteatus. Styl. brevis. Stigm. 3-
lobum.

188. PHLOX. Caps. 3-locularis, 1-sperma. Cor hypo-

crateriformis. Fil. inaequalia. Stigm . 3-fidum. Cal.
prkmaticus.

189. POLEMONIUM. Caps. 3-locularis. Cor. 5-partita,

fundo clausa valvis staminiferis. Stigm. 3-fidum.

390. AZALEA. Caps. 5-locularis, Cor. infundibuliformis

aut campanulata. Siam, receptaculo inserta. Stigm.
obtusum.

391. BUMELIA. Drv pa 1-sperma. Cor. hypocraterifor-

mis limbo dentibus interjecto. Nect. 5-phyllum.
J92. SOLANUM. Dacca 2-locuiaris. Cor. rotata, plica-
ta. Ant herae biperforate, subcoalite. Cal. per-
sistens.

J93. PHYSALIS. Dacca 2-locularis intra calycem infla-
tum. Cor. campanulato-rotata. Antherce approxi-
mate.

394. NICANDRA. Dacca 3 — 5-locularis, exsucca. Cox.

campanulata. Siam, incurva. Cal. 5-angulatus ;
laciniis sagittatis.

* Flores monopetali , superi.

395. SAMOLUS. Caps. 3-locularis, apice 5- valvis. Cor.

hypocrateriformis. Stigm. capitatum.

196. PINKNEYA. Caps. 2-locularis : valvis medio septi-

feris. Cor. tubulosa. Cal. laciniis 1-2. bracteefor-
mibus. Fil. basi tubi inserta. Sem. alata.

197. CAMPANULA. Caps. 2— 5-locularis, poris latera-

libus dehiscens. Cor. campanulata, fundo clauso
valvis staminiferis. Stigm. 3 — 5 -fidum.

198. CHIOCOCCA. Dacca 2-sperma, didyma. Cor. in-

fundibuliformis. Stigm. simplex.

399. CAPRI FOLIUM. Dacca 3-locularis, polysperma,
distincta. Cor. tubulosa, longa, 5-fida. Cal. 5-den-
tatus.

200. XYLOSTEUM. Daccce due basi connate, 2-locu-

PENTANDRIA»

lares, polyspermae. Cor. infundibuliformis, subas»
qualis, Coi. 5- dentatus.

201. SYMPHORIA. Bacca 4 locularis, 4-sperma, coro-

nata, loculis interdum 2. abortivis. Cor tubulosa,
brevis, 5 fida, subaequalis, Cal. 4-dentatus.

202. DIERVilLA. Caps. 4- locularis, oblonga, polysper-

ma. Cor. infundibuliformis, 5-fida, patens. Cal.
oblongus, 5 -fidus.

i 203. TRIOSTEUM. Bacca 3-locularis, 3-sperma. Cor.

calyce vix longior, tubulosa. Cal. 5 -fidus. Stigm .
oblongum.

* Flores pentapetali, superi.

204. RIBES. Bacca polysperma. Cal. corollifer. Styl .
bifidus.

* Flores pentapetali, inferi.

205. RHAMNUS. Bacca 3-4-sperma. Cal. tubulosus,
corollifer. Pet. oris 5, convergentia. Dioicus.

200. CEANOTHUS. Bacca 3-cocca, sicca. Cal. tubu-
losus, corollifer. Petala fornicata.

207. CELASTRUS. Caps . 3-cocca, 3-locularis. Sem.

calyptrata. Cor. 5-petala, patens.

208. EVONYMUS. Caps. 5-gona, 5-valvis, colorata.

Sem. calyptrata. Cor. 5-petala, plana.

209. VITIS. Bacca 5-sperma. Petala apice cohaerentia,

emarcida. Styl. 0. Dioica.

210. C1SSUS. Bacca 2-locularis, 1 — 4-sperma. Petala

reflexo-patula, decidua. Nectar, discus germen cin-
gens.

211. CYRILLA. Bacca 2-locularis, 2-sperma, exsiccabilis.

Petala 5. stellatim patentia. Cal. minimus subtur-
binatus. Stylus 2-fidus.

212. ITE A. Caps. 2-locularis, 2- valvis : valvis margine

introflexo seminiferis. Petala 5. reflexo-patentia.
Cal. 5-fidus, campanulatus. Stigm. capitatum, 2-
lobum.

213. IMPATIENS. Caps. 1-locularis, 5-valvis. Cor. ir-

regularis, calcarata. CaL 2-phyllus. Anther, co-
haerentes.

214. VIOLA. Caps. 1 -locularis, 3-valvis. Cor. irregu-

laris, calcarata. Cal. 5-phyllus. Anther, cohaerentes.

215. CLAYTONIA. Caps. l~locularis, 3-valvis. Cal. 2-

valvis. Stigm. 3 -fidum.

m

£ENTANDRIA,

;

* Flores incompleti .

21 6, GLAUX. Cal. inferus, 1-phyllus, coloratus, 5-lobus,
Caps. 1-locularis, 5-valvis, 5-sperma, calyce cincta.
21?. ANYCHIA. Cal. inferus, connivens, 5-partitus :
laciniis oblongis, apice subsaccatis. Stigm. 2. Utri-
culus 1 -spermiis.

218. THESIUM. Cal . superus, staminifer. Sem. 1. co-

ronatum.

219. NYSSA. Cal. superus, 5-partitus. Drupa. Mas .

Stam. 10. Polygama.

220. HAMILTONIA. Cal. superus, 5-fidus. Nect. dis-

cus 5- dentatus. Drupa. Dioica.

II. DIGYNIA.

* Flores monopetali , inferi.

221. ECHITES. Folliculi 2. longi, recti. Sem. papposa.

Cor. infundibuliformis, fauce nuda. Anther, conni-
ventes in conum.

222. GONOLOBUS. Folliculi 2. utplurimum costati seu

angulati. Sem. papposa. Cor . rotata, profunde 5-
partita. Appendix brevissima, inclusa. Styl. dis-
coideo 5-gonus.

223. APOCYNUM. Folliculi 2. longi, lineares. Sem .

papposa. Cor. campanulata. Filamenta 5. cum sta-
minibus alterna. Styl. subnullus. Stigm. latum.

224. ASCLEPIAS. Folliculi 2. Sem. papposa. Cor. ro-

tata, plerumque reflexa. Nectar 5. ovata, concava,
corniculum exserentia. Anther . corneae, longitudi-
naliter dehiscentes.

225. AMSONIA. Folliculi 2. Sem. nuda, teretia, ob-

lique truncata. Cor. infundibuliformis fauce clausa.

22 6. GELSEMINUM. Caps. 2-locularis, 2-valvis, com*

presso-piana. Sem. plana, valvularum marginibus
annexa. Cor. infundibuliformis, limbo patente, sub-
aequali. Cal. 5 -dentatus.

227. GENTIANA. Caps. 1-locularis, 2-valvis. Recep-

taculis 2. longitudinalibus. Cor. 1 -petala, indeter-
minata.

228. HYDROLEA. Caps. 2-locularis, 2-valvis. Cor .

rotata. Filam. basi cordata. Stigm, capitato-peltata.
Cal. 5-phylliis.

FENTANDRIA.

22 g. DICHON DU A. Caps, subcompressa, didyma, 2»
Jocularis: loculis 1-spermis. Cor. brevi-campanulata.
Stigm. peltato-capitata. Cal. 5-partitus : laciniis
subspathulatis.

230. EVOLVULUS. Caps. 1-locularis, 4- valvis, 1-sperma.

Cor. rotato-campanulata. Styli 2. profunde 2-fidi :
laciniis capillaribus, divergentibus. Stigm. simplicia.

* Flores pentapetali, inferi .

231. HEUCHERA. Caps. 2-locularis, 2-rostris. Pet. 5.

calyci inserta.

232. ZIZYPHUS. Drupa nuce 2-loculari. Discus car-

nosus, orbicularis, pistillum ambiens. Cal . tubulo-
sus, corollifer. Dioicus.

* Flores pentapetali 3 superi dispermi. Umbellatse.

i 233. ERYNGIUM. Flores capitati. Recep. paleaceum.

Invol. polyphyllum. Cal. proprius 5-phyllus, su-
peras.

234. H Y DROCOTYLE. Umlella simplex. Invol. 4-

phyllum. Pet. integra. Sem . semiorbiculato-com-
pressa.

235. PANAX. Umlella simplex. Bacca cordata, 2-

sperma. Polygama.

236. SANICULA. Umlella; confertae, subcapitatae. Fruc-

tus aculeatus. Flores disci abortientes.

237- DAUCUS. Corollce subradiatae. Flosculi disci abor-
tivi. Fructus pilis hispidus. Umlella fractus con-
tracta, infundibuliformis. Involucra pinnatifida.
238. AMMI. Corollce radiatae : omnes hermaphroditae.
Fructus laevis. Umlella laxa. Involucra pinnatifida.
|i 239. SE LINUM. Fructus ovali- oblongus, compresso-pla-
nus, in medio striatus. Invol. reflexum. Pet. cor-
data, aequalia. Cal. integer.

240. FERULA. Invol. universale caducum : partiale poly-

phylium. Fructus ovalis, compresso-planus, striis
utrinque 3.

241. HERACLEUM. Fructus ellipticus, emarginatus,

compressus, striatus, marginatus. Cor. diflbrmis, in-
flexo-emarginata. Invol. caducum.

242. LIGUSTICUM. Fructus oblongus, 5-sulcatus utrin-

que. Corollce aequales. Pet. involuta, integra. Cal
5-dentatus,

FENTANDRXA,

243. ANGELICA. Fructus subrotundas, solidas, utrinque

3-alatus, stylis reflexis. Corollce aequales : petalis
incurvis.

244. SIUM. Fructus subovatus, compresssus, striatus.

Invol. polyphyllum. Pet. cordata.

245. CENANTHE. Flosculi difformes : in disco sessiles,

steriles. Fructus striatus, retusus, suberoso-cortica-
tus, coronatus calyce et pistillo. Umbellce globosae.

246. PHELLANDRIUM. Flosculi disci minores. Fructus

ovatus, laevis, coronatus calyce et pistillo.

247. CICUTA. Fructus subovatus, sulcatus. Invol. 0:

partiale 3 — 5-phyllum.

248. CONIUM. Fructus subglobosus, 5-striatus, utrinque

crenatus. Involucella dimidiata, subtriphylla.

249. CHiEROPHYLLUM. Invol. reflexum, concavum.

Pet. inflexo-cordata. Fructus oblongus, laevis, aut
striatus, glaberrimus.

250. PASTINACA. Fructus ellipticus, com presso- planus.

Pet. involuta, integra.

251. SMYRNIUM. Fructus subcompressus, gibbosus, stri-

atus. Pet. acuminata, carinata.

252. SESELI. Umhellce globosae. Invol. foliolo uno alte-

rove. Fructus ovatus, striatus.

* Flores incompleti .

253. SALSOLA. Sem. 1. cochleatum, tectum. Cal. 5-

phyllus.

254. CHENOPODIUM. Sem. 1. lenticulare, superum.

Cal. 5-phyllus, 5-gonus.

255. ATRIPLEX. Sem. I. compressum seu depressum.

Cal. 5-phyllus. Flor, feminei intermixti : quibus
Cal. 2-phyllus. Polygama.

256. CANNABIS. Nux 2-valvis, intra calycem clausum.

Mas. Cal. 5 -partitus. Fem. Cal. 5-phyllus, integer,
latere hians. Dioica.

257 . HUMULUS. Sem. 1. intra calycem foliatum (in

strobilum). Mas. Cal. 5-phyllus. Fem. Cal . 1-
phyllus, oblique patens, integer. Dioica.

258. ULMUS. Samara compressa, membranaceo-alata.

Cal. campanulatus, 5 -fidus, marcescens.

259. CELTIS. Drupa J-sperma. Cal. 5- 6- partitus. St am,

5-6. Styl. divaricati, crassiusculi. Polygama .

PENTANDRIA.

129

III. TRIGYNIA.

260. VIBURNUM. Cal. superus, 5-partitus. Cor. 5-

fida. Drupa 1-sperma.

261. SAMBUCUS. Cal. superus, 5-partitus. Cor. 5-fida.

Bacca 3-sperrna.

202. RHUS. Cal. inferus, 5-partitus. Pet. 5. Bacca 1-
sperma.

2 63. STAPHYLEA. Cal . inferus, 5-partitus. Pet. 5.

Caps, inflatae, connatae. Nuces 2. globosae cum ci-
catrice.

264. TURNERA. Cal. inferus, 5-fidus, infundibuliformis.

Pet 5. calyce inserta. Stigmata multifida. Caps.
1-locularis, 3-valvis.

265. CROTONOPSIS. Cal. inferus, 5-partitus. Pet. 5.

Stigmata bifida. Caps. 1-sperma, non dehiscens.
Monoica.

2 66. KOCHIA. Cal. inferus, 5-fidus. Cor. 0. Siigm .

simplicia. Sem. 1. orbiculatum, calyce persistente
cinctum.

26/. AMARANTHUS. Cal. 3— 5-phyllus. Cor. 0.

Stam. 3 — 5. Caps. 1-locularis, 1-sperma, circum-
scissa. Monoicus.

268. ACNIDA. Cal. 3 — 5-partitus. Cor. 0. Stigvi. ses-
silia. Caps. 1-sperma. Dioica .

IV. TETRAGYNIA.

269. PARNASSIA. Cal. 5-partitus. Pet. 5. Nectar . 5.
cordata, ciliata, apicibus globosis. Caps. 2-locularis,
4-valvis.

V. PENTAGYNIA.

2/0. ARALIA. Cal. superus, 5-dentatus. Pet. 5. Bacca
coronata, 5-sperma. Involucr. umbellulae.

271. ZANTHOXYLUM. Cal. inferus, 5-partitus. Cor. 0

Caps. 3 — 5. l-spermae. Dioicum.

272. LINUM. Cal. inferus, 5-phyllus. Pet. 5. FU. basi

coalita. Caps. 10-locularis, 5-valvis. Sem. solitaria,
2/3. DROSERA. Cal. inferus, 5-fidus. Pet. 5. Caps. 1-
locularis, apiceS — 5-valvis. Sem. plurima,

K.

VOL. I,

130

PENTANDRIA.

vulgare .

indicum .

virginica.

274. SIBBALDIA. CW. inferus, 10-fidus. Pet. 5. calyci
inserta. SVy/i e latere germinis. Sem. 5.

2/5. STATICE. Cal. inferus, 1 -phy Ilus, tubulosus, pii*
catus, 10 dentatus. Cor. 1-petala, hypocraterifor-
mis, 5-fida. Caps. 1-locularis, basi 5-valvis. Sem. 1.
teres.

VI. POLYGYNIA.

2/(5. ZANTHORHIZA. Cal. 0. Pet. 5. Nectar. 5. pe-
dicellata. Caps. J-sperma.

277* SCHISANDRA. Cal. triplici serie 9 phyllus. Cor. O.
Anther, subsessiles, apice cohaerentes. BacccB nu-
merosae, 1-spermae, receptaculo filiformi elongato
insertae. Monoica.

I. MONOG Y N IA.

156. ECHJUM. Gen. pl. 2 67.

I. E. caule tuberculato hispido, foliis caulinis lanceolatis
hispidis, floribus spicatis lateralibus. IVilld. sp. pl. 1 .

P- 787-

Icon. Fl.dan.445. Lam. illustr. g4.f. 1.

On dry slate-hills : New York to Virginia, rare. In*
troduced from Europe ? . duly — Sept. v. v.

1 57. HELIOTROPIUM. Gen. pl. 23g.

i. H. foliis cordato-ovatis acutis scabriusculis, spicis soli-
tariis, fructibus bifidis. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p-74 0.
Icon. Pluk. phyt. t. 2g5.f. 4.

On road sides : Virginia to Carolina, rare. O . June
■—Aug. v. v.

158. PULMONARIA. Gen. pl. 244.

i. P. glabra, erecta ; foliis lanceolato-ovatis obtusiusculis,
floribus fasciculato-terminalibus, corollis calyce mult©
longioribus.— IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. y6g.

Icon. Mill. ic. 212. Bot. mag. 1(50.

pentandria MONOGYNiA. Pulmonaria.

On gravelly shores of rivers : Pensylvania to Carolina.
% . March — May. v. v. Flowers beautiful blue.

2. P. subhirsuta, erecta ; foliis ovato-oblongis acuminatis,

floribus paniculatis, calycibus abbreviatis quinquepar-
titis.— Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 769.

On Hudson’s Bay. /. liton . May, June. + . Flowers blue
or white.

3. P. glaberrima, procumbetis ; foliis ovali-spathulatis' ab-

rupte acuminatis carnosis, pedunculis lateralibus uni-
floris, corollis calyce vix duplo longioribus. — Mich.jl .
amer. 1 . />. 131.

P. maritima ? Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 7/0.

On the sea shore of New England and Canada. 1/ »
July. v. s. Flowers blue.

159. LITHOSPERMUM. Gen. pl. 241.

1 . L. seminibus rugosis, corollis vix calycem superantibus,

foliis obtusis aveniis. Smith Jl. Irit. 1. p. 213.
Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 75 1.

Icon. 'Engl. bot. t. 123. FI. dan. 456.

In waste fields, on dry ground : frequent in Pensylvania,
probably introduced from Europe. 0. May — July.
v. v . Flowers pale white 5 seeds rough, brownish.

2. L. seminibus turgide ovatis lucidis undique cavo -puncta-

tis, calycibus fructiferis patulis corollam superantibus,
foliis ovato-oblongis nervosis. — - Mich. Jl. amer. 1.
p. 131.

In shady woods : Virginia to Kentuky. % . June, July.
v. v . Flowers pale yellow.

3. L. seminibus turgide ovatis nitidis undique cavo-punc-

tatis, floribus passim lateralibus, foliis linearibus ad-
presso-pubescentibus, caule procumbente. — Mich.jl »
amer. 1. p. 130.

In shady woods : on the river Ohio. Michaux . 0,

July, Aug. v. s. Flowers white.

4. L. seminibus muricatis, spicis terminalibus secundis,

bracteis lanceolatis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis acutis.
Willd. sp . pl. l.p.752.

Icon. Col. ecphr. 1. t. 19 2.

In dry woods : Virginia, Ohio and Mississippi. 0.
May— -Aug, v. v. Flowers yellow, very small.

131

paniculata ,

parviflora,

- arvense .

latifolium .

angustifoli-
um .

apulum,

132

Gmelbii.

canescens i

longijiora.

hispidum.

molle.

arvensis.

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA.

100. BATSCHIA. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 12g.

1. B. hirsuta ; foliis floralibus ovatis, calycibus longis sub»

lanceolatis. — Mich.Jl. amer . 1. p. 130.

Anonymos caroliniensis, Walt.fi. car. p. pl.

In dry sunny woods of Lower Carolina. 7/ . May — July.
v. s. in Herb. Lyon. Flowers pale yellow.

2. B. candicanti-villosa ; foliis omnibus oblongis, calycibus

brevissimis, laciniis corollae integris.- — Mich.Jl. amer. 1 .
p 130

Anchusa floribus sparsis, caule glabro. Gron.fi. virg.
p. 24.

Icon, Mich.Jl. amer. 1. L 14.

On dry sunny hills, in sandy soil : Virginia, Tennassee,
&c. 7/ . June, July. v.v. Flowers of a deep golden

yellow 5 the root is covered with a red substance,
which is the true Puccoon of the Indians, and paints
a beautiful red.

3. B. sericeo-villosa ; foliis linearibus, calycibus longis li-
nearibus, laciniis corollae crenato-incisis, tubo elongato.
On the banks of the Missouri. Nuttallx 7/. July. v. s.
in Herb. NuttalL Flowers yellow.

l6l. ONOSMODIUM. Mich.Jl amer. l.p. 132.

1. O. hispidum ; foliis obovali-lanceolatis acutis papilloso-

punctatis, laciniis corollae subulatis. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1.
p. 133.

Lithospermum virginianum. Willd sp. pl. 1. p. 752.

On dry lime stone hiils : New York to Carolina. 7/.
July, Aug. v.v. Flowers yellowish -white, similar
to those of Symphytum.

2. O. candicanti-villosum $ foliis oblongo-ovalibus subtri-

plinervHs, laciniis corollae subovalibus. — Mich. fi.
amer. l.p. 133.

Lithospermum carolinianum. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 3 97*
Icon. Mich. 1. c. t. 15.

In the western countries from Pensvlvania to Tennas-
see. 7 1 . June— Aug. v. v. Flowers white.

162. LYCOPSIS. Gen. pl. 250.

1, L. hispida ; foliis lanceolatis repando-dentatis, jacemis
geminis, floribus sessilibus.— Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. / 80.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNI A. LyCOpSlS.

Icon. FI. dan. 435. Engl. lot. 938. Lam. Ulus tr. t. Q2.
In fields : Pensylvania to Virginia. Probably introduced.

0. June, July. v. v. Flowers blue.

2. L. pusilla, hispidissima j foliis inferioribus spathulatis, su-
perioribus lineari- oblongis integerrimis, racemis soli-
tariis, floribus pedunculatis. — Wiiid. sp, pl. 1 . p.J 81.
In dry woods and on road sides : Pensylvania to Virginia.
©.May— July, v v. Flowers white, very small.

163. CYNOGLOS8UM. Gen. pl. 243.

1. C. mollissime pubescens j foliis lato-lanceolatis sessilibus,

racemis paniculatis.— Willd. sp. pl 1 . p. /60.

Icon. Curt, fond, 4 . t 16. Rot. mag
In dry woods, in the lime -stone countries, frequent. <$ .
June, July. v. v. Flowers brownish-red.

2. C. nudiusculum; foliis spathulatoflanceo^tis lucidis sub-

tus scabris, racemis sparsis. Smith jl. brit. 1. p. 21 6.
C. virgini cum. JVilld. sp pl. \.p. / 6 0.

Icon. Engl, hot. 1642.

In similar situations in Virginia. J1. June, July. v. v.
Flowers blueish-brown.

3. C. hirsutissimum $ foliis ovali-oblongis, superioribus am-

plexicaulibus, corymbo terminali aphyllo longe pedun-
culate. Mich.Jl amer. 1. p. 132.

C. foliis amplexicauhbus. Gron.fl. virg. p. 24.

C. virginicum. Linn, sp.pl. 134.

In shady moist woods : Pensylvania to Virginia, 1/ .
May — July. v.v. Flowers beautiful blue and white.
Wiildenow’s C. virginicum is certainly not the plant
alluded to by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum , by
which he refers tp Clayton’s plant, which evidently is
the present species.

164, MYOSOTIS. Gen.pl. 240.

1. M. perennis ; seminibus laevibus, calycibus subovalibus
glabris tubo corollae fere longitudine, caule subramoso,
foliis ianceolatis. Roth. germ. i. 87 ii» 22).

M. scorpioides. Willd. sp pl. 1. p. 746.

Icon. Ft. dan, 583.

In rivulets and ditches, frequent. 1/ . May— Sept. v. v.

2» M. annua ; seminibus laevibus, calycibus ovalibus acumi-
natis hirsutissimis tubo corollae longioribus, caule ra-

133

virginica.

officinale .

sylvaticum.

amplexicaule.

palustris .

arvensis.

134

FENTANDRIA MONOGENI A. MyOSOtlS.

mosissimo, racemis conjugatis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis, i.

Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 747.

In fields and shady woods : New York, Pensylvania,

&c> O. June, July. v. v. Flowers pale blue, very
small.

virginiana ,

3. M. pilosum ; seminibus aculeato-glochidibus, foliis ovato-
lanceolatis acuminatis, racemis divaricatis,— Willd. sp,
pl 1 . p. 748.

In dry open woods : Virginia, Carolina, &c. O • June,
July. v. v. Flowers small, pale blue j leaves large.

Lctppula .

4. M, hispidum 5 seminibus aculeis glochidibus, foliis lb*
nearboblongis, caule stride ramosissimo. — Willd. sp,
pl. 1. p. 749.

On way sides and among rubbish : Canada to Virginia.
O . May — Aug. v. v. Flowers blue.

appendicula -
tum .

, 165. HYDROPHYLLUM. Gen.pl. 267.

1. H. hirsutissimum 3 foliis radicalibus subpinnatifidis, cau-
linis sublobato-angulosis, calycis sinubus appendicula-
tis, fasciculis florum subpaniculatis. — Mich.fi. amer . 1.
p. 134.

On shady rocks, near springs : Virginia, near Harper’s
Ferry, Tennassee, &c. If. . May. v. y. Flowers pale
blue] the calyx extremely hispid, and almost the
length of the corolla.

pirginicum .

2. H. glabriusculum 3 foliis pinnatifidis pinnatisque, laciniis
ovali lanceolatis inciso-serratis, fasciculis florum con-
glomeratis.— Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 814.

Icon. Lam. illustr. t. 97. f. 1.

In shady rocky situations : Canada to Carolina. If .
May, June. v.v. Flowers beautiful blue.

eanadense .

3. H. hirsutum 5 foliis lobato-angulosis, fasciculis florum
confertis.— Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 815.

Icon. Lam . illustr. t. 97. f. 2.

On wet rocks and shady mountains : Canada to Pensyl-
vania. If. . June, July. v. v. Flowers white, shaded
with purple.

lineare .

4. H. pilosum j foliis linearibus, racemis elongatis.

On the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis If . April.
v . s . in Herb. Lewis.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNI A.

166. A NAG ALLIS. Gen. pi. VO.

1. A. foliis ovatis subtus punctatis, caule procumbente.
Smith Jl. hrit. 1. p. 230. JVilld. sp. pl. l.p, 821,

Icon. Engl. hot. 52Q. FI. dan. 88.

In cultivated grounds : Pensylvania to Virginia \ intro-
duced from Europe ? O. June, July. v.v. Flowers
red.

1 67. LYSIMACHIA. Gen. pl. 26g.

1. L. glaberrima, ramulosa foliis oppositis verticillatisque
longo-linearibus punctatis, racemo terminali brevi,
laciniis corollae oblongis. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 128.

In Lower Carolina. Michaux. I/. -p. Flowers yeliow,
as the other species, very small.

1 2 . L. glaberrima, elata ; foliis ovali-lanceolatis oppositis
punctatis, racemo terminali longissimo laxo, laciniis
corollae oblongo-ovalibus. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 128.

L. vulgaris. IValt.Jl. car. p. Q2.

L. stricta. Ait. kew. 1. p. igg.

L. bulbifera. Bot. rncig. 104.

Icon. Bot. mag. 104. Pluk. aim. t. 42S ,f. 4.

In wet meadows, on the side of ditches ; Canada to
Virginia. I/ . July, Aug. v. v. This species is fre-
quently found viviparous, having oblong bulbs in the
axillae of the leaves ; but this is not a general case.

3. L. glabra ; caule simplicissimo punctato, foliis oppositis

sessilibus late-lanceolatis acutis punctatis, pedunculis
lateralibus elongatis, ’floribus capitatis congestis.

L. thyrsiflora ? Midi. jl. amer. 1 . p. 12 7.

In salt-marshes, near New York. 11. June, July. v.v.
Though nearly approaching to L. thyrsiflora , it is cer-
tainly a distinct species.

4. L. pubescens ; foliis subsessilibus quaternis quinisque

ovalibus acuminatis punctatis, pedunculis quaternis
unifloris, corollae laciniis ovalibus integris.™ JVilld,
sp. pl. 1. p. 818.

L. punctata. JValt.fl. car.p. 92.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 428./. 4. Lam. illustr. t. 101./. 2.

In dry woods r Canada to Carolina. I/ . J une, July.
v. v. It varies sometimes with smooth leaves and
verticillated flowers.

5. L. glaberrima, ramosissima ; foliis oppositis sessilibus li-

133

arv ensis.

angustifolia .

racemosa.

capitata .

1 (uadrifolia .

longifolia»

130

pent Andria MONOGYNiA. Lysimachia.

Jieterophylla .

nearibus longissimis : superioribus quaternis, pedun-
culis quaternis unifloris, corollae laciniis ovatis acumi-
natis serrulatis.

L. quadriflora. Bot . mag. 600.

In wet woods, near ponds : Pensylvania to Virginia.
11. June — Aug. v. v. A handsome plant, with
showy dowers.

0. L. glabra, gracilis 3 foliis oppositis linearibus sessilibus,
basi ciliatis, imis suborbiculatis brevi -petiolatis, flori-
bus cernuis. Mich.fi. amer. 1 . p . 12 7.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 333. fi. 1.

In wet meadows : Virginia to Georgia j rare. 11 . July.
v. v. Flowers resembling those of L. ciliata.

hylrida.

7. L. glabra ; foliis oppositis petiolatis lanceolatis utrinque
acutis, petiolis ciliatis, floribus cernuis, corollis calyce
brevioribus: laciniis crenulatis.--.MzcA. fi. amer. 1.
p. 120.

L. ciliata. Walt.fi. car. p. Q2.

L. angustifolia. Lam. illustr. 1. p. 440.

On banks of rivers, where the tide overflows : Pensyl-
vania to Carolina $ rare. 1/ . June — Aug. v. v.

ciliata .

8. L. subpubescens j foliis oppositis longe petiolatis, sub-
cordato-ovalibus margine pubescentibus, petiolis cilia-
tis, pedicellis subgeminis, floribus cernuis, corollae
laciniis rotundatis, acuminatis crenatis. — Mich . fi*
amer . 1. p. 120.

Icon. Walth. hort. t. 12.

In shady woods, in rich soil. I/. June — Aug. v. v.

Meadia .

108. DODECATHEON. Gen. pi. 201.

1. D. foliis oblongo-ovalibus repando-dentatis, umbellis
multifloris laxis, bracteis ovalibus. — Willd.sp.pl. 1.
p. 808.

Icon Bot. mag. 12. Lam. illustr. t. 99.

On river sides, in rocky shady situations : Pensylvania to
Virginia, and on the Missouri. 1/. May. v.v. Flowers
extremely handsome, purple.

integrifolium . 2. D. foliis subspathulatis integerrimis, umbeilis paucifloris
strictis, bracteis linearibus. Mich. fi. amer. 1. p. 123.
Icon. Pluk . aim. t. 79- f- 6.

In the Allegany mountains, in shady woods near rivers.
% . June. v. v , Flowers pale blue, smaller than the
former species.

PENTANDRI A M0N0GYNIA.

137

169. PRIMULA. Gen. pi. 258.

1. P, pusilla, glabra ; foliis ovali-spathulatis subdentatis,
scapo elongato, umbella pauciflora, corollae limbo re-
flexo, laciniis cuneato-oblangis obtuse b.ddis, capsula
oblonga exerta. Mich.Jl. arner I. p. 124.

On lake Mistassins, and Hudson’s Bay. Michaux. 11 . + .

170 ANDROSACE. Gen.pl. 257.

1. A. tenuissime pubescens ; foliis involucrisve oblongo-
spathulatis integerrimis, perianthiis angulatis, capsulis
calyce brevioribus.

On the banks of the Missouri. Nuttall. ©. v. s. in
Herb. Nultall. Approaches near to A. elongata, ac-
cording to specimens of Pallas’s in the Herbarium of
A. B. Lambert, Esq.

1 71. SABBATIA. Adanson. Parad. lond. t. 32.

1. S. debilis; ramis laxis elongatis l-floris, foliis lineari-ellip-

ticis, calycis laciniis linearibus corollam subsequantibus,
lacinus corollae obovatis, caule angulato. — Parad. lond.
t. 32.

Chironia gracilis. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 14 6.

Chironia campanulata. Linn sp. pl. 272.

In wet pasmres, on the banks of rivers : Canada. Kalm.
Pensylvania to Carolina, g . July, Aug. v.v. Flowers
rose-coloured, segments of the corolla obovate.

2. S. erecta ; ramis dichotomis elongatis l-floris, foliis lan-

ceolatis acutis, calyce subulato corollae semibreviore,
laciniis corollae obovatis, caule tareti.

Icon. Bartram ic. ined . t. 13. in Musaeo Banhiano.

In salt marshes: New York, New Jersey, &c. £ .

Aug. v. v. The flowers are large and of a beautiful
rose colour, with an elegant yellow star in the centre,
which is surrounded by a deep red border ; this plant

I is extremely shy of cultivation, though very desirable

for that purpose. It varies with white flowers.

3. S. erecta ; foliis ovatis amplexicaulibus, pedunculis elon-
gato-corymbosis, calyce corollae semibreviore, laciniis
lanceolatis, caule marginato-quadrangulo.

Chironia angularis. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 10 67.

In shady woods, on grassy hills : Canada to Carolina.
July, Aug. v. v . It varies with longer and

mistas sinica.

occidentalis.

gracilis.

stellaris.

angularis.

33S

FENTANDRIA MONOGYN IA. Sabbatia.

caly cos a.

chloroides .

paniculata .

latifolia.

angustifolia.

palustris .

shorter,, broader and narrower leaves. Flowers a pur- 1
plish red. It is used by the inhabitants in the same
way as Chironia Centaurium is used in Europe.

4. S. erecta, foliosa ; foliis oblongo-obovalibus, floribus soli-

tariis subseptempartitis, calyce foliaceo corollam su-
perante, laciniis oblanceolatis. Mich. Jl. amer. 1.
p. 147- ;

Chironia dichotoma ? Walt.Jl. car. 95.

Icon. Bartram ic. ined. t. 10. in Musceo Banksiano .

In wet meadows: New York to Carolina. <J.Aug.
v. v. Flowers dark rose-coloured, segments of the
corolla obovate.

5. S. debilis j foliis lanceolatis erectis, ramis paucis unifloris,

floribus 7—1 3-partitis amplioribus, laciniis calycis li-
nearibus corollae brevioribus.

Chironia chloroides. Mich.jl. amer. l.p. 147.

Chironia dodecandra. Walt.Jl . car. 95.

Chlora dodecandra. Linn. syst. veg. 2 99.

In bogs : New York to Cardina, g . Aug. Sept. v . v.
Flowers rose-coloured, large.

6. S. erecta $ foliis lanceolato-linearibns, panicula multi-

flora brachiata subfastigiata, calyce subulato corolla
triplo-breviore, caule quadrangulo.

Chironia paniculata. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 146.

Swertia diflbrmis, Witld. sp. pl. 1. p. 1330.
a. S. foliis brevi-ovatis, paniculis paucifloris.

Chironia lanceolata. Walt.Jl. car. Q5.

/3. S. foliis linearibus, panicula corymbosa multiflora.

In bogs and cedar swamps : New Jersey and Cardina.
2/. July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white, 1 his certainly
is the long lost Swertia difformis , as the specimens in
the Herbarium of Clayton, now in possession of Sir
Joseph Banks, sufficiently prove.

172. HOTTONIA. Gen. pl 2 65.

1. FI. floribus verticillatis subsessilibus, caule geniculato,
geniculis inflatis. WiUd. sp. pl. 1. p. 812.

In stagnant waters of New Jersey and Virginia. 2/.
July. v. v. Whether this is only an accidental va-
riety or a distinct species, I cannot now decide ; but
certainly the habit of the plant, as well as its smaller
flowers, indicate that it may, by further examination,
turn out a new species.

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA.

m

173. MENYANTHES. Gen. pi 299.

X. M. foliis ternatis. JVilld. sp. pi. 1. p. 811.

Icon. Engl. hot. 495. FI. dan. 541. Lam. illustr . t. ICO,

/• 1

In bogs and stagnant waters : New Jersey, Virginia, Ca-
nada. If. . June, July. v.v. Flowers pale red, very
handsome.

174. VILLARS1A. Gmel.syst.veg.44J.

l.V. foliis reniformibus subpeltatis, subtus lacunosis na-
tantibus, petiolis floriferis, corollis glabris. Vent,
choix de piant, p 9.

V. aquatica. Gmel. syst. veg. 44 J .

Menyanthes trachysperma. Midi. Jl. amer. 1. p. 126.
Anonymos aquatica. IValt.jl. amer. 109.

In ponds and lakes, floating : New Jersey to Carolina.
% . June, July. v.v. Flowers white.

1

175. SPJGELIA. Gen. pi. 2J2.

1. S. caule tetragono, foliis omnibus oppositis. Willd.

Icon. hot. mag. 80.

On the edges of woods, in rich moist soil : Maryland to
Carolina. I/ .July, Aug. v.v. A beautiful peren-
nial, with large scarlet Sowers. The roots are sold,
under the name of Worm-grass or Pink-root, in the
shops, and are really a most excellent medicine for
children, when troubled with worms.

176. OPHIORRHIZA. Gen. pi. 2J3.

1 . O. caule acutangulo, foliis sessilibus, cyma longius pe-
dunculata. Midi. Jl. amer. 1. p. 14S. Willd. sp.
pl. 1. p . 82 6.

Cynoctonurn sessilifolium. Gmel. syst. veg. 443.

Anonymos sessilifolia. Walt.Jl. car. 108.
jB.C. petiolatum. Gmel. & Anonymos petiolata. Walt.

Icon. Swartz obs. t. 3 .f. 2. Lam. illustr. t. 107. jf 1.

In dry gravelly fields, on wood sides: Lower Virginia
to Carolina. I/. July. v. v. Flowers pale blue, small.

I strongly suspect that Swartz’s plant and Michaux’s
are two distinct species.

trifolia ta*.

lacunosa .

marilandica.

Mitreola .

140

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA*

lipinnatjfida.

heterophylla.

fimbriata .

parvifiora .

i;;. PHACELIA. /mss. Gen.pl. 144«

1. P. erecta; foliis pinnatifidis, laciniis inciso-Iobatis, race-

mis plerumque bifidis oblongis multifloris, laciniis co-
roliae integerrimis.— •Mich.fi. amer, l.p . 134.

Icon l. c. t. It).

In the western countries, principally on the Allegany
mountains : Pensylvania to Virginia. May, June. v. v .
Flowers blue.

2. P. erecta, hispida ; foliis petiolatis pinnatifidis, laciniis

lanceolatis integerrimis nervosis : impari elongata :
floralibus simplicibus Janceolatis petiolatis, racemis bi-
fidis densifloris, laciniis corollae integerrimis.

On dry hills on the banks of the Kooskoosky. M. Leivis.
<§ . June, July. v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers pale
blue.

Caulis erectus, ramosus : rami elongati Folia petiolata :
inferiora pinnatifida : laciniis lateralibus lanceolatis,
1-2-jugis : lacinia terminali longo-lanceolata : supe-
riora et ramea simplicia, lanceolata. Petioli margi-
nati. Racemi terminales pedunculati dichotomi, spi-
rales, secundi. Pedicelli brevissimi. Calyx laciniis line-
aribus. Corolla subcampanulata, calyce duplo longior:
laciniis oblongis, obtusis, integerrimis. Filamenta
corollae duplo longiora. Stylus staminibus longior,
bifidus.

3. P. assurgens, pilosa ; foliis sessilibus pinnatifidis : laciniis

lanceolatis acutis integris supra hispido-pilosis, subtus
glabris : racemis solitariis, pedicellis elongatis, laciniis
corollae ciliato-fimbriatis. — Mich. fit. amer. 1. p. 134.
exci. syn. Pluk.

On high mountains in Carolina. Michaux. Near Har-
per’s Ferry, on the Potowmac ; collected by myself.
©• May, June. v. v. Flowers beautiful blue. Michaux
mentions white flowers, which I consider a mistake,
though there may be a white variety.

. P. diffusa, pubescens ; foliis subsessiiibus pinnatifidis :
laciniis oblongis obtusiusculis integris, racemis solita-
riis, pedicellis brevibus, laciniis corollae rotundatis in-
tegerrimis.

Polemonium foliis inferioribus hastatis, superioribus lan-
ceolatis. Gronov.fi. virg p. 29.

Polemonium dubium. JVilld.sp.pl . 1. p. 887«

Icon. Pluk. aim, t. 245.fi. 5.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Phacelia.

141

On rocks, near Harper’s Ferry, on the Potowmac. O.
May. v.v. Flowers pale blue, notone fourth the
size of the former species.

178. ELLISIA. Gen.pl. 268.

1. Ellisia. Willd sp.pl. 1 . p 815.

Icon. Lam. illustr. t.Q7. Moris, hist. 3. s. 11. 1.28./3 .
On the banks of the Potowmac : Virginia. © . May,
June. v. v. Flowers white, very small.

179. DATURA. Gen.pl. 332.

J. D. pericarpiis spinosis erectis ovatis, foliis ovatis glabris.
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1008.

Icon. FI. dan. 430. Engl. hot. 1288. Lam. illustr. 123.
Among rubbish and on road sides : common. ©. June,
July. v. v. Flowers white.

2. D. pericarpiis spinosis erectis ovatis, foliis cordatis glabris

dentatis. Willd . sp. pl. i . p. 1008.

On road sides 3 not so frequent as the former. 0 . June,
July. v. v. Flowers blue.

180. HYOSCYAMUS. Gen.pl. 333.

1. H. foliis amplexicaulibus sinuatis, floribus sessilibus.
Willd.sp.pl. 1. p. 1010.

Icon. Engl. hot. 52.

On way sides and among rubbish : Pensylvania, New
York, near Oswego town, &c. Probably introduced
from Europe. ©. June, July. v. v. Flowers yel-
low, with purple veins.

181. NICOTIAN A. Gen. pl. 334.

1. N. foliis lanceolato-ovatis sessilibus decurrentibus, Ro-

ribus paniculatis acutis. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1014.
Icon. Blackw. t. 146. Lam. Ulus tr. 11 3.

In cultivated grounds, frequently found in a wild state ;
introduced. © • July. v. v. Flowers red.

2. N. foliis oblongo-ovatis petiolatis. Roribus in summitate

ramulorum sparsis solitariis, corollis infundibuliformi-
bus, laciniis oblongis acutiusculis, capsulis subglobosis
4-valvibus.

Cultivated and spontaneous on the Missouri 3 principally
among the Mandan and Ricara nations. Q.July.
v v ; v. s. in Herh. Lewis, nec non Nut tall. Flowers
white, with a tinge of blue. The tobacco prepared

Nyctelea.

Stramonium .

Tatula ,

niger .

Tabacum.

quadrivalvis .

142

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nicotlana.

!

from it is excellent. The most delicate tobacco is pre-'
pared by the Indians from the dried flowers.

Thapsus .

182. VERBASCUM. Gen . pi 331.

3. V. foliis decurrentibus utrinque tomentosis, caule sim-
plici. Willd. sp. pi. l. p. 100 i .

Icon. Engl. hot. 54q. FI. clan 63.1.

On road sides and in neglected fields ; common : proba-
bly introduced. $ . July, Aug. v. v. A singular
circumstance frequently struck my attention, respect-
ing this plant, as it appears in great abundance in
fields newly cleared and burnt in the most remote
part of the country, where sometimes not a plant of
it is found within the compass of more than a hun-
dred miles. How the seed is brought there I cannot
imagine.

Lychnltis .

2. V. foliis ovatis acutis crenatis subtus tomentoso-incanis,
spicis laxis lateralibus et terminalibus. — Willd. sp. pl, 1.
p. 1003.

Icon. FI. dan. 58 6.

On the banks of the Delaware near Philadelphia.

June, July. v. v. Flowers yellow, as all the rest
here mentioned, smaller than the former species.

blattaria.

3. V. foliis amplexicaulibus obovato-oblongis serratis gla-
bris, pedicellis solitariis unifloris. — Willd. sp. pl. 1,
p. 1005.

Icon. Engl. lot. 393.

In fields and on road sides j frequent. $ . June, July*
v. v. Flowers yellow. There frequently occurs a va-
riety with white flowers, which are larger and sweet
scented.

Claytoni.

4. V. foliis amplexicaulibus sublanceolato-oblongis : cauli-
nis inciso-crenatis : crenis crenulatis, pedicellis solita-
riis unifloris.— Mich. fi. amer. 1. p. 148.

In woods and fields : Virginia to Carolina. <£. June,
July. v. v . Flowers yellow, and larger than the third
species.

183. CALYSTEGIA. Brown Jl . nov. holl. p. 483.

Sepium .

1. C. volubilis } foliis sagittatis acutissimis : postice obtusis
truncatisve integris, bracteis acutis calyce longioribus
dimidio corollae brevioribus, pedunculo angulato pe-
tiolum superante. Brown l c.

PENTANDKIA MQNOGYNiA. Calystegia. 143

Convolvulus Sepium. Willd. sp pi. 1. p. 844.

Convolvulus repens, Linn. sp. pi. p. 1 58. monente Cl.

Brown.

Convolvulus repens. Mich.fi. amer. 1 . p. 137.

Convolvulus lactescens foliis sagittatis, radice longa alba
perenni. Gron.Jl. virg.p 28.

Icon. Engl.lot. 313. FI. dan. 458.

In hedges and bushes, sometimes trailing on the ground:

Canada to Carolina. I/ . June, July. v.v. Flowers
pale red, white with a red border ora beautiful crim-
son, as figured in the Botanical Magazine, No. 732.

[ 2. C. erecta, tomentosa ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acumi- tomentosa, ,

natis cordatis : postice obtusis, pedunculis unifloris
elongatis, bracteis ovatis acutis, laciniis calycis lan-
ceolatis, caule inferne florifero.

Convolvulus stans. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 136.

On dry rocky hills: Canada to Virginia; rare. 1/ ,

June, July. v. v. Flowers white, large.

3. C. erecta, pubescens ; foliis subcordato-ovalibus obtusis, spithamcea .
pedunculis unifloris foliis brevioribus, bracteis ovatis
acutis, caule superne florifero.

Convolvulus spithamaeus. Willd. sp.pl. l. p. 873.

On dry hills : Pensylvania to Carolina ; rare. 11 . June,

July. v.v. Flowers white.

184. CONVOLVULUS. Gen. pi. 287.

1. C. humifusus, pubescens ; foliis lanceolato-oblongis line- trichosanthes*

aribus oblongisve obtusis mucronatis subsessilibus, pe-
dunculis foliis longioribus 1— 5-doris, corolla brevi
campanulata, stylo bipartito. — Mich. fi,, amer. 1.

p. 137.

C. filiformis, suberectus; foliis linearibus mucronatis, patens
pedunculis patentissimis folio longioribus. Lam. illustr .

1. p. 4 53.

C. aquaticus. lFalt.fi. car. Q4.

|3. C. volubilis ; foliis oblongo-ellipticis obtusis mucronatis tenellus,
subsessilibus, pedunculis foliis longioribus subbifioris.

Lam. illustr* 1 . p.45Q.

C. humistratus. Walt.fi. car. p. 94.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 1 66. fi. 4.

In sandy woods : Virginia to Georgia. 0. June, July.
v. v. Flowers white, small.

2, C. repens, tuberose; foliis cordatis hastatis anguloso-lo- Batatas *

144

PENTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Convolvulus.

ohtusilohus.

sagit tif ollus.

pandura tus.

®.rve risis.

batis quinquenervibus glabriusculis, pedunculis longis,
floribus fasciculatis, calycis glabri laciniis lanceolatis
acuminatis, corolla campanulata. — Mich.fi.amer. 1.
p. 138. Willd sp. pl. 1. p. 853.

Cultivated throughout America. 7/. July. v.v. Flowers
white, red, and sometimes purple. Vid. Catesh. car. 2.
t. 6 0. There are a number of varieties, as is the
case with most cultivated plants.

3. C. prostratus, glaber ; foliis crassis sinuato-lobatis, lobisro-

tundato-obtusis : impari majore emarginato, peduncu-
lis unifloris, laciniis calycis oblongo- ovalibus, corolla
brevi-campanulata. — Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 139.

On the sandy beach of Georgia and Florida. Michaux.

V- +.

4. C. volubilis, glaberrimus ; foliis oblongo-sagittatis : sinu

profundissimo: auriculis subacuminatis, pedunculis uni-
floris, laciniis calycis rotundato-ovalibus, corolla in-
fundibuliformi campanulata. — Mich.fi.amer. l.p. 138.
C. speciosus. Walt. fi. car.p. g3.

Icon. Catesh. car. 1. t. 35.

In wet situations, among bushes : Virginia to Carolina.
7/ . June, July. v. v . Flowers of a beautiful rose-co-
lour, large.

5. C. volubilis, pubescens 5 foliis lato-cordatis integris loba-

tisve panduriformibus, pedunculis longis, floribus fas-
ciculatis, calycibus glabris muticis, corollis subulato-
campanulatis. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 138. TVilld. sp.
pL 1 . p. 850.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 85. f. 99.

In sandy fields and among bushes : Canada to Carolina.
7/. June — Aug. v.v. Flowers white, with a red
bottom. There is a variety with double flowers, cul-
tivated in the gardens of America, which is a singular
circumstance in this genus. The root in some in-
stances grows to an enormous size ; I have seen one
the thi kness of a man’s thigh, and more than two
feet long. Taken in the place of Jalap, it has the same
effect, only in a less degree.

6. C. volubilis, glaber ; foliis sagittatis utrinque acutis,

pedunculis subunifloris, bracteis minutis a flore remo-
tis. Smith fi. hrit. I . p. 232.

Icon. Engl. hot. 312. FI. dan. 45Q.

In meadows : Virginia. Gron. fi, virg. 2 7- 7/ . June,

July. Flowers rose-coloured. I never observed this

JPENTANDRl A MbNOGYNIA. Convolvulus. 14$

species in any part of North America, and take it only
on the authority of Gronovius.

185. IPO MCE A. Gen.pl. 288.

1. 1. foliis pinnatifidis linearibus, floribus subsolitariis, co-
rollis tubulosis. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p . 8 7Q.

Icon. Bot. mag. 244.

In cultivated grounds, near gardens : Virginia and Caro-
lina. q . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers scarlet or white ;
a most delicate and handsome plant.

2. 1. pubescens ; foliis cordatis acuminatis subangulatis, pe-
dunculis sub-5-floris, calycibus aristatis, corollis tu-
bulosis : limbo subintegro. — Mich.fl. amer. l.p. 140.
Willd. sp.pl. .1. p. 880.

Icon. Bot. rep. t. 99. Bot. mag. 221.

On banks of rivers : Virginia to Georgia, and Louisiana.
0. June, July. v. v. Flowers yellowish-scarlet.

3. 1. caule, petiolis pedunculisque pilosissimis ; foliis gla-

bris / -partito-lobatis : laciniis sinuatis, pedunculis uni-
floris, laciniis calycis ovalibus, corollis campanulatis.
Icon. Jacq. hort.t, 159. IVilld. phy tog. 1. t. 2 .f.3.
Convolvulus dissectus. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 804. Mich.
Jl. amer. I. p. 139-

On calcareous hills: Georgia and Florida. Michaux .
I/. ly . July. v. v. in Hortis.

4. I. glabriuscula ; foliis profunde sublanceolato-3-Iobis in-

tegrisve, pedunculis subbifloris, laciniis calycis ovali-
lanceolatis pilosis, corollis brevibus, capsulis pilosis.
Convolvulus carolinus. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 139.

Icon. Catesh. car. t. 87 ■

In hedges : Carolina. © . June — Aug. v. v. Flowers
pale purple.

5. I. glabra; foliis cordatis acuminatis scrobiculatis basi

angulatis, pedunculis brevibus subunifloris, calycibus
pilosis, corollis tubulosis brevibus, capsulis pilosis.—
Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 140. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 881.
Icon. Hili. elth. t. 8 7./. 102.

In Carolina and Florida. Michaux. 0. June, July.
v. v. Flowers white, with a purple rim.

6. 1. glaberrima ; foliis cordatis integris seu angulatis, pe-
dunculis 1 — 3-floris, calycibus aristatis, corollis indi-
visis : tubo longissimo. — Willd. sp. pl. I, p. 882.

vol. 1. l

Quamoclit .

coccinea .

dissecta.

carolina.

lacunosa .

Bona nox .

146

tamnifolia.

purpurea.

Nil :

C iliosa .

Jalapa;

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNI A. IpomOCS.

Icon. Bot. mag. t.J52. Jacc/. hort. 1, t. 36.

On river sides: Carolina and Florida. ©.July, Aug,
v. v. Flowers white, very large.

7- I. hirsuta ; foliis cordatis acuminatis, floribus aggregato-
capitatis involucratis : bracteis linearibus, corollis

brevi- tubulosis : lirabo patente, capsulis glabris.—
IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 8S5.

Icon, j DHL elth. t.SIQ.f. 414.

In hedges : Cardina. O-July, Aug. v.v.in Hortis.
Flowers blue, very small.

8. I. pubescens ; foliis cordatis integris, pedunculis 2 — 5-
floris : pedicellis cernuis incrassatis, laciniis calycis
lanceolatis, capsulis glabris.

Convoivusus purpureus. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 852.

Icon. Bot.mag. 113.

About gardens, frequent. ©.June — Aug. v.u. Flow*
ers very variable in colour.

9 I. hirsuta ; foliis ventricoso-tr'lobis, pedunculis brevibus
1-2-floris, bracteis subulatis, calycibus villosissimis
longissime acuminatis.

Convolvulus Nil. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 851. Mich.Jl,
amer. 1 . p. 130.

Icon Bot. mag.t. 188. Dill, elth.t. 80. f.gi et Q2.

Near gardens and in hedges, on river sides : Virginia to
Carolina. ©.June — Aug. v. v. Flowers beautiful
pale blue, only open early in the morning, from which
it has been called Morning-glory .

10. I. glabra ; foliis eximie cordatis margine subciliatis, pe.

dunculis longis unifloris, calycis ebracteati laciniis
lato- ovalibus obtusis, corollis tubulato-campanulatis.

Convolvulus ciliosus. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 137-

Near Knoxville in Tennassee. Michaux. +.

1 1. I. pubescens ; foliis cordatis integris lobatisque plicato-

rugosis subtus subtomentosis, pedunculis 1 — 3-floris,
foliolis calycis ovalibus muticis, corollis campanulatis,
seminibus prolixe lanuginosis, radice crassissimo.

Convolvulus Jalapa. IVilld. sp. pl. l.p. 860,

Ipomcea macrorhiza Mich.Jl. amer. l.p. 141.

Icon, Desjbnt. in ann. mus. fusi. nat. 2. t. 40 et 41.

Near the sea shore of Georgia and Florida. 1/ . June,
July. v. v. Flowers white, very large,

Obs. — This very interesting plant was first discovered
in Georgia by Michaux. After this I frequently have
received seeds and roots from Georgia myself y but

FENTANDRIA MQNOGVNIA. IpOtttOea. H7

little did I suspect it to be the true Convolvulus Ja-
Inpa, till two circumstances convinced me thereof.

The first was seeing a paper on this subject in the An-
nales du Museum d' Histoire Natur die, by Desfontaines j
and the other, on seeing the living plant recently-
raised out of a collection of seeds brought from Mex-
ico, in possession of A. B. Lambert, Esq., which in
every respect proved to be Convolvulus Jalapa of
Linnaeus, as well as Iponuea macrorhiza of Michaux,
with only the small difference of colour, which was
a light purple : but this is of no consequence in this
family of plants.

180. CANTUA. Juss. gen. pi. 152.

1. C. glabriuscula 3 foliis pinnatifidis, floribus terminalibus coronopifolia*

laxe racemosis pedunculatis, laciniis corollae amplis
subrotundis brevi-acuminatis, stylo exerto. — Willd .
sp.pl. Y.p. 879.

Polemonium rubrum. Linn. sp. pl. ed. 3. p. 231 .

Ipomoea rubra. Linn, syst , veg. 1 7 1 .

Ipomopsis elegans. Mi.ch.jl. amer. 1. p. 142.

Gilia coronopifolia. Pers. ench. 1. p. 1 87-

Icon. Bot. rep.415. Exot. lot. L3. Dill. elth. t. 241.

/.312.

On river sides, in sandy soil : Carolina. . June, July.
v. v. Flowers beautiful red.

2. C. pubescens j foliis tenuissime pinnatifidis, floribus ter- aggregata •

minalibus lateralibusque aggregato-subcapitatis subses-
silibus, laciniis corollae angustatis oblongis sensim acu-
tis, stylo incluso brevissimo.

On the banks of the Mississippi. M. Lewis. $ . June.
v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers scarlet, more slender
than the former species ; the segment of the corolla
not spreading, but erect, and small in proportion to
the tube.

18/. DIAPENSIA. Gen. pl. 255.

1. D. foliis spathulatis glabris, antheris obliquis muticis, obtusifolm ,
Salisb. parad. Iona. 104.

D. lapponica. Willd. sp. pl. l.p. 795.

Icon. FI. dan. 47. Bot. mag. 1108.

On the highest mountains, among moss : New Hamp-
shire. 2£.May — July. v.s. in Herb. Prof. Peck .

Flowers white.

l 2

148

cun eif olia.

paniculala.

undulata.

pyramidalis.

latifolia .

pektandria m ONOGYNi a. Diapensia.

2. D. foliis lanceolato-cuneatis inferne pubescentibus, an-
theris horizontalibus basi rostratis. Salisb. parad.
lond. 104.

D. americana. Mas. Banks.

Pyxidanthera barbulata. Mich.Jl.amer. 1. p. 152.

Icon. Mich. l.c. t. 17. Salisb. parad. lond. 104.

On high mountains in North Carolina. Michaux. On
the White mountains of New Hampshire. Prof.
Peck . Plentifully on the pine-barrens of New Jersey
near the sea coast, &c. ^ . June — Aug. v. v. Flow-
ers small, white.

188. PHLOX. Gen.pl. 284.

1. P. erecta, glabra ; foliis lanceolatis sensim angustatis

planis margine asperis, corymbis paniculatis, corollae
laciniis rotundatis, calycibus aristatis. — Willd. sp.pl. 1 .
p. 839-

Icon. Mill. ic. t. 205. f. 2. Dill. elth. t. 1 66. f 203.

In rich moist meadows : Virginia and Lower Carolina.
}/. July— Sept. v. v. Flowers purple 3 stem from
three to four feet high.

2. P. erecta, glabra ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis subundulatis

margine scabris, corymbis paniculatis, corollae laciniis
obovatis subretusis, calycibus aristatis. — bFilld. sp.
pl.l.p. S40.

P. paniculata. Midi. fi. amer. 1. p. 144.

In high mountains and meadows of Virginia and Caro-
lina. If. . July, Aug. v. v. A beautiful plant, re-
sembling the former species, but taller 3 flowers the
same colour.

3. P. erecta, glabra 3 caule scabro, foliis cordato-ovatis acu-

tis, panicula fastigiata pyramidali, corollae laciniis cu-
neato-truncatis, dentibus calycinis suberectis lanceo-
latis acutis .-—Smith exot. hot. 2. p. 55.

P. cardina. IVdlt.Jl . car. 96.

Icon. Smith l.c.t. 87.

In mountain meadows : Pensylvania to Cardina. 1/ .
June — Aug. v. v. Flowers beautiful purple 3 plant
not so tall as the two former species.

4. P. erecta, glabra 3 caule laevi, foliis cordato-ovatis, floribus

fastigiato-corymbosis, corollae laciniis suborbiculatis,
dentibus calycinis lanceolatis vix acuminatis. -~AA'cA.
Jl. amer. 1. p. 143.

An eadem cum priori ?

FENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Phlox.

In shady wet places, mossy woods, among Sphagnum :
Carolina. Michaux. 1/. + '. Flowers purple, large.

5. P. erecta ; caule scabro maculato, foliis oblongo-lanceo-

latis glabris margine asperis, panicula oblonga confer-
tiflora, corollae laciniis rotundatis, dentibus calycinis
acutis recurvatis.— JFilld. sp. pl. i. p. 840.

Icon. Jacq. hort. t. 12/.

In wet meadows : New England to Cardina. % . July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers purplish-violet or purple ; stem,
spotted with brown dots.

6. P. erecta ; caule glaberrimo immaculato, foliis ovato-

lanceolatis undique laevibus, racemo paniculato, corol-
lae laciniis rotundatis, dentibus calycinis lanceolatis
acutis erectiusculis. — Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. S40.

In meadows : Canada to Virginia. % . July, Aug. v. v.
Flowers white, sweet-scented 5 plant not so tali as
the foregoing species.

7. P. erecta ; caule pubescente, foliis ovato-lanceoJatis

laevibus, corymbis subfastigiatis, ramulis subtrifloris,
corollae laciniis rotundatis, dentibus calycis glabri lan-
ceolatis erectis. — JVilld.sp. pl. 1. p. 841.

P. triflora ? Mich. jl . amer. 1 p. 143.

Icon. Bot. mag . 1344. Mart, dec . 1. t. 10.

In sandy wet meadows : Cardina. l/.July — Sept. v. v.
Flowers beautiful pale purple, the size of P. suave-
olens.

8. P. caespitosa, assurgens, glabra ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis

laevibus, corymbo terminali subfastigiato, corollae la-
ciniis rotundatis, dentibus calycis mucronatis. —
JFilld . sp. pl. 1. p. 841.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 1 66. f 202 ?

In wet meadows of Lower Carolina, and on the moun-
tains of Virginia. l/.June — Aug. v.v. Flowers
deep purple.

Q, P. erecta, glabra, frutescens, ramosissima ; foliis lineari-
bus, superioribus alternis basi dilatatis, racemis pa-
niculato-corymbosis, corollae laciniis cuneato-oblongis
emarginatis, dentibus calycis subulatis tubum aequan-
tibus.

On the plains of Columbia. M. Lewis, • May, June,
v. s. in Herb. I.ewis. Flowers white, with a red or
purple centre, similar to those of Vinca rosea, var.
alia. They appear in such abundance, that they cover
the whole shrub.

3 4()

maculata.

suaveolens.

Carolina.

glaberrima.

speciosa .

150

PENTANDRIA MONOSYNIA. PllloX.

aris tala.

10. P. debilis, erecta, viscidnlo-pubescens ; foliis lineari-
lanceolatis, panicula laxa fastigiata, pedicellis subge-
minatis, corollae laciniis obovalibus : tubo curvato pu-
bescente, dentibus calycinis longissimis subulatis.—
Mich.Jl. amer. l.p. 144.

virens.

canescens.

P. pilosa, Bot. mag. 1307 •
a. corolla roseo -purpurascente.

/3. corolla albido- rosea.

In sandy fields : Pensylvania to Carolina, If.. May — -July.
v . v. Flowers red, or sometimes white.

pilosa.

11. P. humilis, decumbens, pubescens; foliis lineari-lan-
ceolatis brevibus asperiusculis : summitatibus subses-
siliter fasciculidons, corollae laciniis rotundato- obtu-

amoena.

sis : tubo stricto glabro, dentibus calycis subulato-
acuminatis. Mich.fi. amer. 1, p . 145. IValt.Jl car. Q(5.
Willd. sp. pl. l.p. 840 ?

Icon. Pluk aim. t.gS.f. 1 .
jS. Bot. mag. 1308.

In sandy fiekls : Carolina and on the mountains of
Georgia. If. May — July. v. v. Flowers purple,
sometimes white, smaller than the foregoing species.
Var, /3 is most likely only a luxuriant garden produc-
tion of this species.

divaricata.

12. P. humilis, decumbens, pubescens; foliis ovali-lanceo-
latis superioribus alternis, ramulis divaricatis laxis
paucifloris, corollae laciniis subobcordatis, dentibus
calycis subulato-linearibus, — Willd. sp. pl. l.p. 841,
Icon Bot. viag. l()3. Mill. ic. t. 203. /. 1.

On the mountains : Pensylvania to Virginia. If . May
— July. v. v. Flowers purplish-blue ; plant of low
growth.

ovata.

13. P. erecta, glabra ; foliis radicalibus ovatis acutis subcar-
nosis : caulinis lanceolatis, corymbis subfastigiatis,
corollae laciniis undulatis retusis, dbntibus calycis li-
nearibus acutis. — Bot. mag. 52S. Willd.sp.pl. 1.
p. 842.

Icon. Bot. mag. 1. c.

In North America. 2/. May— July, v.v.in Hortis.
Flowers beautiful reddish-purple.

siolonifera .

44. P. reptanti-stolonifera, pubescens ; foliis radicalibus spa-
thulato-obovatis, caulinis ovali- lanceolatis, corymbo di-
varicatim paucidoro, corollae laciniis obovatis ; denti-
bus calycis iinearibus reflexis. — Bot. jnag. 563,

P. reptans. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 144.

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Phlox.

15 1

Icon. Bot . mag. 503.

In the high mountains of Virginia and Carolina. 11 .
June — Sept. v. v. Flowers blue, with a purple
centre, very handsome.

15. P. caespitosa, candicanti-pubescens j foliis linearibus

pungentibus ciliatis, corymbis paucifloris : pedicellis
trifidis, corollae laciniis cuneatis emarginatis, dentibus
calycis subulatis tubo corollae vix brevioribus. — Willd.
sp. pl. l. p. 842.

Icon. Bot. mag. 411.

On dry sandy hills and rocks: New Jersey to Carolina.
1/ . April — June. v.v. Flowers pink-coloured, with
a handsome purple star in the centre.

1 6. P. caespitosa, pubescens 5 foliis fasciculatis subulatis

pungentibus ciliatis, pedicellis paucis terminalibus sub-
umbellatis, corollae laciniis cuneatis emarginatis, den-
tibus calycis subulatis tubo corollae triplo brevioribus.
— Willd. sp. pl. l.p. 842.

Icon. Bot. vias:. 415.

On rocks and barren sandy hills : Virginia to Carolina.
11 . May — July. v.v. Flowers pale rose-coloured,
with a purple star in the centre.

I89. POLEMONIUM. Gen. pi. 289.

J. P. foliis pinnatis septenis, floribus terminalibus nutanti-
bus. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 886.

Icon. Mill. ic. 2. t. 20p.

In the mountains, on the side of rich hills : Pensyl vania
to Carolina. % . April, May. v.v. Flowers sky-
blue ; there is a variety with white flowers.

190. AZALEA. Gen. pi. 277.

1. A. subnudiflora 5 foliis oblongis utrinque pubescentibus :
adultis hirsutis, floribus amplis non viscosis, calycis
dentibus oblongis, corolla tubo hirsuto laciniis bre-
viore.— Mich.fi. amer. \.p. 151.
ec. A. floribus flammeo-calendulaceis.

/3. A. floribus croceis. Bot. mag. . . .

et. On the banks of the Savannah river, near Two-sisters.

Michaux. On the Flint river, Georgia, &c.

/3. On the highest mountains of Virginia and Carolina.
. April, May. v. v. Flowers of var. a. a beautiful

sululata.

sctacea.

reptans.

calendulacea »

flammea.

crocea.

152

canescens .

perichjme -
nuides.

coccinea.

rutilans.

carnea.

alba.

papilionacea.

partita.

polyandra.

arlorescens .

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Azalea.

flame colour, sometimes deep yellow mixed with
scarlet, as in Mirabilis Jalap a ; var. /3, bright yellow,
resembling A pontica. It is, without exception, the
handsomest shrub in North America. Vid. Bar tram's
Travels , p. 321.

2. A. subnudiflora } foliis ohovato-oblongis supra pubescen-

tibus subtus tomentosis, nervo non setigero, floribus
non viscosis, tubo laciniis vix breviore, calycis denti-
bus brevissimis rotundato -obtusis, staminibus vix ex-
ertis. — Mich.jl. arner l.p. J50.

On the banks of rivers in Lower Carolina. Michaux.
On the mountains of Cacapoon springs near Winches-
ter, Virginia. ^ • May, June. v. v. Flowers rose-
coloured.

3. A. subnudiflora ; folis lanceolato-oblongis utrinque gla-

briuseuiis, concoloribus, nervo supra lanuginoso, sub-
tus setigero, margine ciliatis, floribus amplis non
viscosis, tubo laciniis longiore, calycis dentibus brevi-
bus ovali-subrotundis, staminibus longissime exertis.
— Mich.jl . amer . ] . p. 151.

A. nudiflora. IVilld . sp pl. l.p. 831.

a. A. floribus coccineis, foliis ianceolatis. Bot. mag. 180.

/3. A. floribus saturate rubris, calycibus minutis. Ait. kew. 1,

p.3\g.

y.A. floribus pallide rubicundis, tubo basi rubro, calycibus
foliaceis. Ait. I. c.

$. A. floribus albidis, calycibus mediocribus. Ait. I. c.

£. A. flonbus rubicundis : lacinia infima alba, calycibus
foliaceis. Ait. I. c.

A. floribus carneis usque ad basin quinquepartitis.
Ait l. c.

rr A. floribus roseis brevibus 10 — 20-andris.

On the side of hills : Canada to Georgia. Var. a. near
Savannah, Georgia. Var. y\. near Philadelphia, Pen-
sylvania. • April— June. v. v. This beautiful
shrub has a great many varieties, besides the above-
mentioned, among which is one with double flowers j
but the var. yj. is the most remarkable. This variety
proves clearly, that Azalea and Rhododendron are one
genus, A. procumbens excluded, as Rhododendron is
frequently found with less than ten, and all the
species of Azalea with more than five stamina.

4. A. foliosiflora ; foliis obovatis obtusiusculis utrinque gla-
bris subtus glaucis : nervo vix setigero, margine cilia-

fentandria monggynia. Azalea.

tis, floribus magnis non viscosis, tubo laciniis lon-
giore, calycibus foliaceis : laciniis oblongis acutis, fila-
mentis exertis.

A. arborea. Bart. catal.

On rivulets, near the Blue mountains : Pensylvania Tj .
May - July, v, v. — This beautiful species has, to my
knowledge, not yet been introduced into the gardens.
I have only seen it in its native place and in the gar-
den of Mr. John Bartram, near Philadelphia, whose
father introduced it many years ago. It rises from ten
to twenty feet high, and forms, with its elegant fo-
liage and large abundant rose-coloured dowers, the
finest ornamental shrub I know. The flowers are not
so much pubescent as the rest of the other species 5
the scales of the flower-buds are large, yellowish-
brown, surrounded with a fringed white border.

5. A. nudiflora : foliis oblongis utrinque tenuissime cano-

pubescentibus : nervo non setigero, floribus parvis
non viscosis : tubo laciniis vix longiore, calycibus bre-
vissimis : lacinia unica lineari reliquis quadruplo lon-
giore, filamentis exertis, ramulis piloso-hispidis.

A. nudiflora bicolor. Ait.kew. l.p.Sig.

Icon. Trew ekret. t. 48.

On barren, sandy hills : Carolina and Georgia. Ij .
May, June. v. v. Flowers slender, and smaller than
the rest, of a pale rose colour or nearly white, with a
deep-red-coloured tube.

6. A. foliosiflora ; ramis hispidis, foliis oblongo-obovatis

acutis utrinque glabris concoloribus : nervo setigero,
margine ciliatis, floribus viscosis : tubo laciniis duplo
longiore, calycis dentibus brevissimis rotundatis, fi-
lamentis corollae vix longioribus,— TFi illd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 831.

In swamps and shady woods : Canada to Georgia I? .
July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white, sweet-scented.
There are a number of varieties and even intermediate
species between this and the A. periclymenoides.

7. A. foliosiflora ; ramis glabriusculis, folds parvis oblan-

ceolatis submucronatis coriaceis utrinque glabris supra
nitidis : nervo subtus setigero, margine revoiuto-cilia-
tis, floribus viscosis: tubo laciniis paulo longiore, ca-
lycibus brevissimis, filamentis exertis.

In deep mossy swamps on the mountains : New York
to Virginia, ^ • June, July. v. v. F'lowers white

153

bicolor .

viscosa.

nilida.

154

pe^tandria MONOGYNiA. Azalea.

glauca.

hispida.

procumbens.

with a red tinge > leaves very dark green and shining ;
they are smaller than in any other species.

8. A. foliosiflora $ ramulis hispidis, foliis oblanceolatis acu-

tis utrinque glabris subtus glaucis : nervo setigero,
margine ciliatis, floribus viscosissimis : tubo laciniis
duplo longiore, calyce brevissimo, filamentis laciniis
corollae subaequantibus. — Lam. illuslr. . p . 493.

A. viscosa floribunda. Ait. kew. l.p.3ig.

In swamps of a clayey soil : New England to Virginia.
Ij . June, July. v. v. Flowers white, very fragrant ;
the shrub lower than the rest, and flowering in great
abundance.

9. A. foliosiflora ; ramis strictis hispidissimis; foliis longe

lanceolatis : supra hispidis, subtus glabris ; utrinque
glaucis : nervo setigero, margine ciliatis, floribus vis-
cosissimis : tubo laciniis amplis vix longiore, calycis
dentibus oblongis rotundatis, filamentis exertis.

A. viscosa glauca. Ait. kew. 1. p. 319 ?

On the borders of lakes on the highest part of the Blue
mountains: New York and Pensylvania. T? . July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers white with a red border, and a
tinge of red on the tube, which makes them appear
to be of a rose-colour before open. They have fre-
quently ten stamina, as in var. vj. of A. periclymenoi -
des. This shrub generally grows to the height of
from ten to fifteen feet, very upright, and has a
blueish appearance, by which it may be distinguished
from all others at a great distance.

10. A. foliosiflora ; ramis diffuso-procumbentibus, foliis op-
positis ellipticis glabris margine revolutis, corollis
campanulatis glabris, filamentis inclusis aequalibus. — •
IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 832.

Icon. FI. dan. 9. Engl. lot. 865.

In the alpiue regions of the White mountains. New
Hampshire. Prof. Peck. On the Grandfather moun-
tain, Carolina. Lyon. ^ • July. v. s. in Fieri. Peck,
nec non Lyon. v. v. in Hortis. Flowers small, rose-
coloured. This plant has so much affinity to Ledum
luxifoliuniy Ait. that. I have scarcely been able to per-
suade myself that they are distinct plants. Comparing
specimens of different varieties of the latter, with
those of A. procumbens from different countries, in
the herbarium of A. B. Lambert, Esq. I could find
no other distinction between both, than that of the

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Azalea. 155

Ledum being an upright little shrub, with decandrous
flowers which are white, w-hereas the present species
has procumbent stems and pentandrous red flowers.

It most certainly ought to be taken from this genus,
or else all the rest but this one united with Rhodo •
dendron.

191. BUMELIA. Gen. pi. 1736.

1. B. spinosa, erecta 5 foliis deciduis lato-lanceolatis utrin- lycioides.

que glabris, pedunculis aggregatis unidoris, laciniis
corollae trifidis .~~Mich.fi. amer. J. p. 122.

Sideroxylum lycioides. Willd. sp. pi. I. p. IGCjO.

Sideroxylum laeve. Walt. Ji. car. 1 00.

Icon. Duham. arb. 2, t. 68.

In shady woods : Carolina and Georgia. T? . July, Aug.
v. v. s. fl. A small tree, with minute greenish
flowers,

2. B. spinosa, dumosa, diffuse reclinata ; ramis sterilibus

divaricato-ramosis, foliis parvis obovalibus glaberrimis.

Pers. syn. 1. p. 237-

Sideroxylum reclinatum. Mich.Jl. amer . 1. p. 122.

Icon. Vent, choice 'de plant, t. 22.

On the banks of rivers in Georgia. Michmx. Tj .
it July, Aug. v. v. s.Jl. A small straggling shrub.

3. B. subspinosa ; ramulis patentissimis pubescentibus,

foliis ovali-lanceolatis, supra glabris, subtus lanugino-
sis. Pers. syn. 1. p. 237»

Sideroxylum lanuginosum. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 122.

Sideroxylum tenax. IVult. fl. car. 100.

In wet copses of Georgia. Michaux. Tj • 4-*

4. B. subspinosa ; foliis cuneato-lanceolatis plerumque ob-

tusis, subtus sericeo-nitentibus. Pers. syn. L. p.23?.

Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 1085.

Sideroxylum tenax. Linn. syst. veg,

Sideroxylum sericeum. Wall. ft. car. 100.

Sideroxylum chrysophylloides. Mich.fl.amer. 1 . p. 123.

In hedges and copses near the sea-coast of Carolina and
Georgia, . June. v.v. A small tree 5 leaves very-
handsome.

reclinata.

lanuginosa.

cliry sophy l-
loides.

5. B. inermis ; foliis sempervirentibus oblongo-lanceolatis serrata l

utrinque acutis glabris subaculeato-serratis, racemis
axillaribus sessilibus multifloris.

On the banks of the Missouri. Nut tall Tj . July. v. s.
in Herb. Nuttall. Berries black, large.

156

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA.

Dulcainara.

jiigrwn.
s. virginicum.

mammosum.

virginianum.

carolinense.

heterandrum.

-192. SOLANUM. Gen. pl. 33;.

1. S. caule inermi fruticoso scandente, foliis cordatis gla-

bris : superioribus auriculatis, corymbis oppositifoliis.
Willd. sp pl. 1. p. 3028.

Icon. FI. dan. 607. Schmidt ari. 146. Engl. lot. 565.
On banks of rivers, in hedges : Pensylvania. Bartram.
ip . June, July. v. v. Flowers violet-blue 3 berries
red.

2. S, caule inermi herbaceo, ramis angulatis dentatis, foliis

ovatis repandis glabris, racemis distichis nutantibus.
Willd, sp. pl. 1. p, 1035.

Icon. Dillelth.t. 2/5. f 256.

On cultivated grounds, common. Q . June — Aug. v. v .
Flowers white 3 berries black.

3. S. caule aculeato herbaceo, foliis cordatis angulato-lo-

batis utrinque villosis aculeatis. Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 1040.

Icon. Merian. surin. t. 2 7. Pluk. aim. t. 22 6. f. I.

On the sea-coast 6f Virginia and Carolina. 0. June —
Aug. v. v. Flowers pale blue 3 fruit yellow, shaped
like a pear.

4. S. caule erecto aculeato, foliis pinnatifidis undique acu$

leatis, laciniis sinuatis obtusis, margine ciliatis, calyci-
bus aculeatis. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 1041.

Icon. Dill, cilli, t. 2 67. f 346. Pluk. aim. t. 62. f. 3.
On road sides and sandy fields : Virginia to Carolina.
0. July. v. v. Flowers blue 3 berries small, green-
ish-white.

5. S. caule aculeato annuo, foliis hastato-angulatis acu-

leis utrinque tectis, racemis laxis. Willd. sp. pl. 1 .
p. 1043.

Icon. DHL elth. 269. f 34S. Jacq. ic. 2. /.331.

On road sides and old fields : Virginia to Georgia. 2/ .
June* — Aug. v. v. Flowers large, pale blue 3 fruit
yellow.

6. S. caule aculeato annuo, foliis bipinnatifidis utrinque

hirsuto-tomentosis aculeatisque : laciniis obtusiusculis,
racemis lateralibus, antheris patulis corniformibus :
infima maxima longitudine corollae, bacca subquadri-
loculare calyce echinato inclusa.

On the banks of the Missouri. Nuitall. ©.July. v. s.
in Deri . Nut tall. 3 v. v. in Hortis. Flowers large.

/SO 7.04211 /// /USO 7/S/H/a

Tab. 7. pmJ

'■Oamo 7a, '/ Furslv .

PENTANDRIA moxogynia. Solanum.

157

yellow. This singular species of Solanum is very
nearly allied to S. cornutum , Juss. in Annales de Mus.
hist. nat. 3. p. 120. t. g. and they probably will form
a new genus, to which some other not properly ex-
amined species may belong.

193. PHYSALIS. Gen.pl. 336.

1. P. foliis geminis subcordato-ovalibus repandis obtusis sub-
tomentosis, caule herbaceo superne paniculato, caly-
cibus fructiferis pubescentibus. — IVillcl. sp.pl. 1.
p. 1021.

Icon. Jacq.kort. 2. t. 136. Dill. elth. t. 10. f. 10.

On road sides and among rubbish : Pensylvania to Ca-
rolina. 1/. July — Aug. v.v. Flowers yellow j ber-
ries viscous.

2. P. foliis quasi cordato-suborbiculatis acuminatis inaequa-
liter dentatis, caule herbaceo divaricato-ramosissimo :
ramis angulatis. — Mich.Jl, amer. 1 . p. 14 9.

cc. P. summitatibus petiolisque vix pubescentibus.

P. angulata Walt.Jl. car, 99.

/3. P. viscido-pubescens.

In sandy fields of Lower Carolina. 1/ . July, Aug. v. v.
Flowers yellow, with brown spots and blueish an-
™ thers.

'3. P. foliis geminis ovali-lanceolatis subintegris, in petiolum
sensim angustatis pubescentibus, caule herbaceo di-
chotomo, calyce villoso. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 149.

In Lower Cardina. Michaux. l/.July. v.s.inHerb.
Walt.

viscosa.

obscura.

glabra.

pubescens.

lanceolata.

4. P. foliis ovatis subrepandis obtusis nudiusculis, caule pensylvanica.

herbaceo ramoso, pedunculis solitariis petiolis paulo
longioribus.- — Willd.sp.pl. 1 . p. 1021.

P. tomentosa. Walt.Jl. car. 99 ?

On road sides, among rubbish : Pensylvania to Carolina.

I/ . June, July. v. v. Flowers entirely yellow.

5. P. foliis ovatis repando-dentatis glabris, caule herbaceo Philadelphia

ramosissimo, pedunculis solitariis petiolo multo bre- ca.
vioribus, Lam. encycl. 2, p. 101.

In dry places on river sides ; New England to Virginia.

©.July, v.v . Flowers larger than the foregoing
species, yellow, with brown stripes.

6. P. foliis villoso-viscosis cordatis, caule herbaceo ramo- pubescens.

158

PENTANDRXA MONOGYNIA. PhysallS.

sissimo, floribus solitariis pendulis, calycibus fructi-
feris subrotundo-globosis angulatis. lViild.sp.pl. 1.
p. 1023.

Icon. Fevil. peruv. 3. t. 1 .

On the sandy shores of Carolina. 0. June, Iuly. v. v.
Flowers yellow, with brown spots j berries round*
yellow.

physaloides.

194. NICANDRA. Juss. gen. pi. 140.

l.Nicandra. Pers. syn.l. p. 21 9.

Atropa physaloides. Willd. sp. pi. 1 . p. 101 7-
Calydermos erosus. FI. peruv. 2. p. 44.

Icon. Fevil. peruv. t. 16.

In cultivated ground, near gardens: Pensylvania to Vir-
ginia; introduced. ©.July, Aug. v.v. Flowers
blue.

Valerandi.

195. SAMOLUS. Gen.pl.2Q4.

1. S. foliis obovatis, racemis elongatis, pedicellis medio
bracteatis. — Willd. sp. pi 1. p. 927.

Icon. FI. dan. 198. Engl, lot 703.

In marshes and near springs : Canada to Carolina ; fre-
quent. 71 . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white, small,

196. PINCKNEY A. Mich. ft. amer. l.p. 103. ®

pulescens.

1. P. foliis ovalibus utrinque acutis subtus subtomentosis.
Mith.fi. amer. l.p. 105.

Icon. Mich. 1. c. t. 13.

On the banks of the river St. Mary, Georgia. Tj .
July, Aug. v.v. Flowers blush-red, marked with pur-
ple lines, in large clusters. Each flower has one or the
divisions of the calyx grown out to a large white leaf,
tinged with red, which makes this shrub highly orna-
mental. It is only to be regretted, that it is very shy
of cultivation. The small difference of its fruit from
Cinchona only makes it excusable to keep it separate
from that genus ; but I have no hesitation in saying,
that if Pinckneya is not united with Cinchona , there
w ill be some of the latter genus found belonging to
Pinckneya.

rENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

259

197. CAMPANULA. Gen.pl. 889.

1. C. glabra 5 foliis radicalibus reniformi-cordatis crenatisj

caulinis linearibus integris, panicula laxa pauciflora,
floribus nutantibus.-— IVilld. sp. pl. l.p. 892.

Icon. FI. dan. 8 55. Engl. bot. 866.

On rocks on the banks of the Susquehanna and in Ca-
nada. 71 . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers azure blue, of
considerable size.

2. C. glabra 5 caule erecto flexuoso, ramulis confertis fo-

liosis, foliis lanceolatis subremote serratis, floribus bre-
viter pedicellatis nutantibus. — Mich.jl . amer. 1 . p. 109.
On high mountains : Virginia and Carolina. I/ . Aug.
Sept, v . v. Flowers small, pale blue.

3. C, glabra, nitida, erecta j foliis membranaceis remote

serratis, panicula ramulis subaphyllis divaricatis, flori-
bus nutantibus. — Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 10 9.

On slate mountains in Virginia and Carolina. 1/ . July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers small, azure blue ; a very grace-
ful perennial.

4. C. glabra 5 foliis cordatis lanceolatisque serratis, petiolis

inferioribus ciliatis, floribus axillaribus sessilibus, co-
rollis S-partitis planis, stylis corolla longioribus. IVilld.
sp. pl. 1 . p. 8Q8.

In shady wet places : Pensylvania io Virginia. <$ . J une,
July. v. v. Flowers small, pale blue, two or three
in the axillae of the leaf, nearly sessile ; plant from
two to three feet high.

5. C. glabriuscula, erecta j foliis ovato-lanceolatis in Ion-

gum acumen desinentibus subserratis, spica fasciculato-
multidora, corollis subrotatis. — Mich. fi. amer. 1.
p. 108.

C. nitida. Ait. hew. l.p. 34 6.

Icon. Dodart.mem. 4. t. 18.

On the high mountains of Pensylvania and Virginia.
% . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers in size and colour re-
semble the fourth species.

6. C. gracilis ; caule simplici angulato : angulis foliorum-

que margine et nervo retrorsum aculeatis, foliis lineari-
lanceolatis supra glabris, pedunculis paucis in summi-
tate caulis flexuosis axillaribus unifloris filiformibus.

In low inundated meadows, generally in company with
Veronica scutellata : Pensylvania to Virginia. Q.
July. v. v. Flowers small, pale blue.

rotundifolicL

Jlexuosa .

divaricata .

americana.

acuminata.

aparinoides.

J60

PENTANDRiA MONOGYMA, Campanula.

perfoliata.

JL C. caule simplici erecto, foliis cordatis crenatis amplexi-
caulibus, floribus axillaribus sessilibus glomeratis,
Witld. sp. pl. l.p, 915.

C. amplexicaulis. Mich.Jl. amer. l.p. 108.

Icon. Moris. hist. 2. s. 5. t. 2. f. 23. Barr. rar. t. 1 133.
In cultivated grounds : common from North to South.
O . May — Aug. v. v. Flowers small, pale blue.

racemosa.

198. CHIOCOCCA. Gen. pl. 315.

1. C. foliis ovato -oblongis acutis planis, racemis axillaribus
peduncularis simplicibus. — Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p . 975.

Icon. DHL elth.t. 228. f 2Q5. Bot. rep. t. 2S4.

On the sea-shore of Georgia and Florida. Michaux.
Tj . July. v. v. Flowers yellowish- white. It appears
to differ in some respects from the West Indian plant,
but can be considered nothing more than a variety.

sempervirens.

199. CAPRI FOLIUM. Juss. gen. pl. 235.

l.C. spicae verticillis subnudis distantibus, corollis subae-
qualibus : tubo superne ventricoso, foliis obovatis ova-
tisque subtus glaucis : summis connato-perfoliatis.— *
Wiild. sp. pl. 1 . p. 983. sub Lonicera. £

Icon. Bot. mag.y 81. Schmidt arb. 104.

In stony dry woods : New York to Carolina. • May

— Aug. v. v. Flowers a beautiful scarlet outside and
yellow inside ; there are several varieties of it, par-
ticularly one with an almost upright stem.

ciliosum.

2. C. spicae verticillis approximato-capitatis subsessilibus,
corollis subaequalibus : tubo hirsuto medio ventricoso,
foliis subamplexicaulibus sessilibus petiolatisque ovatis
subtus glaucis, margine conspicue ciliatis : summis
connato- perfoliatis.

On the banks of the Kooskoosky. M. Lewis. 1 2 .

June. v. s. in Herb . Lewis . Flowers of a deep
yellow.

Fraseri .

3. C. spicae verticillis capitatis, corollis subringentibus :
laciniis oblongis . obtusis, foliis ovatis subtus glaucis
cartilagiueo-marginatis : summis connato-perfoliatis.

Lonicera tlava. Bot. mag. 1318.

On the Paris mountains, South Carolina. Fraser. On
the Catskill mountains, New York, &c. Jj . June,
July. v.v. Flowers bright yellow.

it W ' , ' *'C. t \

frENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Caprifolium.

4. C. spicae verticillis approximatis, corollis ringentibus :

tubo elongato, foliis perennantibus obovatis submu-
cronatis subtus reticulato-venosis pallidioribus : sum-
mis connato-perfoliatis. — Lftilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 984. sub
Lonicera.

Icon. Hort. angi. 15. ra. 10. t. 8.

On the mountains, rambling among rocks in shady moist
situations : New York to Carolina; rare. J2 .June — •
Sept. v. v. Flowers inclining to scarlet.

5. C. spicae verticillis capitatis subsessilibus, corollis brevi-

usculis ringentibus basi gibbis, filamentis barbatis,
foliis deciduis subtus glaucis : omnibus connatis :
bractea perfoliata floribus multo ampliore.— Law. en-
cycl. 1 . p. 728.

Lonicera dioica. Willd: sp.pl. 1. p . 983.

Lonicera media. Murr. com. gcett. 1 770- P • 28. t. 3.

Caprifolium bracteosum. Mich. Jl. amer. \.p. 105.

Icon. Murr. com. goett. t.3. Schmidt ari. 109.

In rocky shady situations : New England to Carolina.
Pj . June, July. v. v. Flowers yellow, smaller than
in any of the foregoing species. There is a variety
with purplish flowers, according to Michaux, which
I never observed myself.

#

200. XYLOSTELTM. Juss. gen. pl. 235.

1. X. baccis distinctis, foliis ovatis subcordatisque margine
ciliatis : junioribus subtus villosis, corollis conspicue
calcaratis : tubo superne ventricoso : laciniis brevibus
acutis, stylo exerto.

Xylosteum tartaricum. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 100?

jS. baccis albis.

On mountains, among rocks, in rich soil : Canada to
Virginia. /3. On the Rocky-mountain. M. Lewis.
Ij . June, July. v. v. Flowers white, with a tinge
of red or yellow. X. tartaricum differs materially
from this species, and the diagnosis might be thus :
X. tartaricum , baccis distinctis, foliis ovatis acutis
utrinque glabris, corollis basi vix gibbosis : tubo

brevi : laciniis oblongis obtusis, stylo incluso.

2. X. baccis distinctis, ramis villosis, foliis oblongo-
ovalibus obtusis utrinque subtomentoso-villosissimis,
pedunculis brevibus. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 100.

On rocks in the mountains of Canada. Michaux. Tj •
+ . Berries blue.— Whether this is really a distinct

VOL. 1. M

101
gratum .

parviflorum.

ciliatum.

album.

villosum.

152

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Xylosteiim.

species from X vulgare , I cannot ascertain, having
never seen the plant.

glomerata.

201. SYMPHORIA. Juss. Pers. syn. l.p. 214.

1. S. floribus axillaribus subcapitato-glomeratis. Pers.
syn. 1. c.

S. vulgaris. Mich.Jl. amer. l.p. 10(5. .

Lonicera symphoricarpos. JVillcl. sp. pi. 1 . p. 989.

Icon. Schmidt arb. 115. DILL elth. t.lJQ.f. 3(50.

In sandy dry fields : Virginia and Carolina. . July —

Sept. v. v. Flowers small, red and yellow ; berries
purple.

racemosa.

2. S. racemo terminali, corolla intus barbata. Mich.Jl.
amer. 1 . p. 10 7.

On mountains, near lake Mistassins. Michaux. On the
banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis. T2 • Aug. v. s .
in Herb. Lewis.

lutea.

202. DIERVILLA. Juss. gen. pi. 235.

1. D. pedunculis axillaribus et terminalibus dichotomis tri-
floris, foliis ovatis serratis acuminatis.

D. Tournefortii. Mich.fi. amer . 1. p. 1 0/.

D. humilis. Pers. syn. 1. p. 214.

Lonicera Diervilla. IVilld.sp . pl. 1. p. 989.

Icon. Schmidt arb. 11(5. Duham. arb. t 87-

On rocks and the highest mountains : Canada to Caro-
lina. . June, July. v.v. Flowers yellow ; fruit

a brown dry capsule. There are a number of varie-
ties, in respect to size, flowers and leaves.

perfoliatum.

203. TRIOSTEUM. Gen. pl. 300.

1 . T. foliis ovalibus acuminatis connatis, floribus sessilibus
verticillatis. — IVilld.sp. pl. l.p. 99O.

Icon. Dill. elth. t.2J3.f. 378.

In rich rocky grounds, principally lime-stone soil : New
England to Carolina; rare. 7/. June — Aug. v.v.
Flowers and berries dark purple.

angustifoli -
um.

2. T. foliis ovali-lanceolatis subconnatis, pedunculis oppo-
sitis unifloris, caule hispido, — Willd.sp.pl. l.p. 99 1,
T. minus. Mich. fi. amer. 1. p. 107.

Icon. Pluk. alm.t. 104./. 2.

On the borders of woods, in sandy soil : Virginia and

PENTANDRTA M0N0GYNIA. TllOSteum.

1 6$

Carolina. }/. June, July. v.v. Flowers and ber-
ries yellow.

204. RISES, Gen.pl. 390.

1. R. inerme; foliis abbreviatis acute lobatis glabriusculis :

nervis albidis, racemis recurvatis, baccis glabris. — -
Midi. jl. amer, ]. p. 110.

On lake Mistassins : Canada. Michaux. On the Cat-
skill mountains : New York, &e. . April, May.

v. v. Flowers small, greenish-yellow ; berries red.

2. R. inerme ; foliis modice lobatis supra glabris subtus

pubescentibus, racemis laxis pubescentibus, floribus
planiusculis, laciniis calycinis subtri fidis, petalis spa-
thulati» obtusis, baccis hirsutis. — Midi. Ji. amer. 1.
p. 110.

In Canada. Michaux. On the Pensylvania mountains,
&c. Tj . April, May. v. v. Flowers greenish-yel-
low ; petals purple ; berries red.

3. R. inerme j ramis rectis, foliis acute lobatis dentatisque

reticulato-rugosis subtus pubescentibus, racemis laxis
rigescenti-erectis, baccis hispidulis. — Mich.ji. amer. 1.
p. 110.

On lake Mistassins : Canada. Michaux. In the Pen-
sylvania mountains* &c. • May, June. v. v. Ber-

ries red, erect as well as the flowers.

/ . . ..

4. R. inerme ; ramis reclinato-prostratis, foliis lobatis gla-

briusculis : junioribus pubescentibus, racemis sub-
erectis, calycibus planiusculis, petalis deltoideis, brac-
teis minutis, baccis hispidis. — L' Herit. stirp. l.p.3.

R. glandulosum. Ait. kew. 1. p. 41.

Icon. L' Herit. I. c. t. 2. Schmidt ari. Q5.

In rocky moist places : Newfoundland, Canada, Pen-
sylvania. Ij . April, May. v. v. Flowers yellow
tinged with red ; berries red.

5. R. inerme ; omnibus partibus pilis resinoso-glandulosis

tectum ; foliis 3 — 5-lobatis subrotundis, racemis erec-
tis, calycibus planiusculis, petalis obtuse-rhomboideis,
bracteis linearibus pedicello longioribus, baccis hir-
sutis.

On the mountains of North America, Fraser, ■ April,
May. v. v. in Hort. Flowers green.

6. R. inerme ; omnibus partibus pilis viscidis tectum ; foliis

cordatis obtuse- trilobis serratis, racemis erectis brevi-

m 2

alhinervium .

trifidum »

rigens.

prostratum »

resinosum .

viscosissi-

mum.

164

PENT ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. RibeS.

sanguineum.

aureum.

recurvatum.

Jturidum.

bos, calycibus tubulatis, petalis oblongis, bracteis
lineari-spathulatis pedicello duplo brevioribus, germi-
nibus hirsutis.

On the Rocky-mountain in the- interior of North Ame-
rica. M. Lewis. v. s in Herb. Lewis.

Flowers large, yellow $ the whole olant covered with
viscous hair. This species approaches near to R. glan-
dulosum. FI. peruv. 3. p 13. t 233. f. b. It differs
principally in the leaves being equally lobated, not
having the middle lobe projecting ; its long slender
pedicels, and its petals.

7. R. inerme; foliis cordatis trilobis serratis venoso-lineatis

supra glabris, subtus tenui tomento albicantibus,
racemis laxis pubescentibus foliis duplo longioribus,
calycibus tubulatis, petalis oblongis longitudine caly-
cis, bracteis obovato-spathulatis longitudine pedicello-
rum, germinibus hirsutis.

On the Columbia river. M. Lewis. Tj . March, v. s.
in Herb. Lewis. Flowers beautiful, of a blood red
or purple ; branches purple. It approaches near to
R. albinervium. Fi. peruv. 3 .p. 12. t 232. f. b.

8. R. inerme, glaberrimum ; foliis trilobis : lobis divarica-

tis inciso-pauci-dentatis petiolo basi ciliato brevioribus,
racemis laxis dense-multifioris, calycibus tubulatis pe-
dicellis longioribus : tubo gracili : laciniis oblongis
obtusis, petalis linearibus laciniis calycis duplo brevi-
oribus, bracteis linearibus longitudine pedicellorum,
baccis g'abris.

On the banks of the rivers Missouri and Columbia.
M. Lewis. . April, v. s. in Herb Lewis. ; v. v. in
Hort. Flowers in close racemes, beautiful golden-
yellow; berries red or brown, of an exquisitely fine
taste, and considerably larger size than any of the
garden currants. The shrub before flowering has the
appearance of a species of Crataegus.

g. R. inerme ; ramis recurvatis, foliis latiusculis acuterio-
batis pubescentibus glanduloso-punctatis, racemis re-
flexis, calycibus tubulatis glabris.

Near Hudson’s Bay, Canada. Michaux. T? • +• Ber-
ries black.

10. R. inerme ; foliis utrinque punctatis, racemis pendulis,
calycibus cylindraceis, bracteis pedicellis longioribus.
Willd. sp . pi 1. p. 115(5.

R. pensylvanicum. Lam. encycl. 3. p . 47.

FENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. RibeS.

105

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 244. f 315. Schmidt ari. Q2 .

In hedges and woi-ds . Canada to Virginia. . April,
May. v. v. Flowers pale yellow $ berries black.

1J. R. spina subaxillari ; foliis suborbiculatis subpubescenti-
bus : lobis subrotundo-obtusis, pedunculis unifloris,
limbo calycis tubuloso, baccis glabris Mich.Jl amer. 1 .
p. 1 10.

On the high mountains of Carolina, Michaux. Tj . -f.

12. R. spinula subaxillari, ramis subhispidis foliis parvis se-

mitrifidis : Jobis subdentatis, pedunculis unifloris, bac-
cis glabris. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 11 1.

Among rocks, in the Allegany mountains : Canada to
Virginia. ^ • May, June. v. v. Berries red.

13. R. spinula subaxillari, foliis petiolis gracilibus utrinque

pubescentibus: lobis acutis dentato-incisis, pedunculis
capillaribus subbifloris, calycibus tubulato-campanu-
latis, baccis glabris. — Mich.Jl amer. \ .p 111.

On rocks arid in mountain meadows : New York to
Carolina. J? • April — June. v. v. Berries purple
or blue, of excellent taste.

14. R. spina subaxillari, foliis glabris 3 — 5-lobatis inciso-

dentatis, pedunculis subtrifloris : pediceliis elongatis,
bracteis brevissimis, petalis spatbulatis undulatis, stylo
hirsuto semibifldo exerto, baccis glabris. — Willd.
hort. 1 . p 6] .

Icon. Willd l.c.t.6].

On the Blue mountains : Pensylvania to Virginia. T? .
May, June. v. v. Flowers yellowish-green ; petals
white ; berries pale red, small.

15. R. aculeis majoribus et subsolitariis ad gemmas, mino-

ribus undique sparsis, foliis glabris : lobis dentatis,
pedunculis brevibus subbifloris, baccis glabris. — Willd.
sp. pl. 1 . p. 1 159.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 13Q ./. 166.

On rocks : Canada, New York, See. Ij . April, May.
v. v.

10. R. spina subaxillari multiplici, caule undique Lispido-
aculeato, foliis ultra medium lobatis, petiolis villosis,
baccis racemosis hispidis. — Pers. syn f. p 252.

R. oxyacanthoides. Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p. 111.

In swamps, on the mountains : Canada to Virginia. Tj .
April — June, v v. Flowers small, greenish-yellow 3
berries amber-coloured or brown.

rotundifoli -
urn .

hirt ellum.

gracile.

triflorum.

oxyacanthoi-

des.

lacuslris.

366

Cynosbati.

franguloides.

alnifolius .

carolinianus.

lanceolatus.

minutjflorus .

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. RibeS.

17. R. passim subgeminis 2-aculeatum, foliis brevi-lobatis
inciso-dentatis molliter pubescentibus, racemis nu-
tanti-paucifloris, calycibbs erecto-campanuJatis, baccis
aculeatis. — Mich. Ji. amer. 1. p. 111. IVilld. sp.

pi 1. p. 1159.

Icon. Jacq. hart. 2. t . 123. Schmidt arb. 98.

On the sides of hills and rocks in the Allegany moun-
tains, and in Canada. • April— June. v. v. Flowers
green ; berries dark brown and full of thorns.

205. RHAMNUS. Gen. pi. 358.

1. R. inermis ; foliis ovalibus acuminatis serrulatis subtus

ad nervos pubescentibus, floribus dioicis, pedunculis
unifloris aggregatis, calycibus acutis, fructibus turbi-
natis.— Mich fl. amer. 1. p. 153.

R. alnifolius. Willd. sp. pl 1. p. 1 100.

On dry hills, near rivers : Canada to Virginia. .
June, July/ v. v.$ v. s . in Herb. Lambert. Flowers
green ; berries black ; leaves small.

2. R. inermis; foliis ovalibus denticulatis brevi-acuminatis

basi sinu parvo cordatis subtus ad nervos pubescenti-
bus, pedunculis bis bifidis, baccis depresso-globosis.
On the banks of the river Kooskoosky. M. Lewis. P? •
May. v. s. in Herb . Lewis. Berries purple, very
highly esteemed by the Indians of that country.

3. R. inermis ; foliis ovali-oblongis integriusculis glabris,

umbellis pedunculatis, floribus hermaphroditis 4-an-
dris 1-gynis, stigmate bilobo, fructibus globosis.—
Mich.Jl . amer. 1. p. 153.

In woods and swamps : Virginia and Carolina. \ .
May — July. v. v. Berries black.

4. R. inermis, arborescens ; foliis lanceolatis serrulatis

utrinque acutis subtus pubescentibus.

On the side of hills : Tennassee. Lyon. \ s- in
Herb. Lyon . Berries black.

5. R. inermis ; foliis suboppositis ovalibus serrulatis, flori-

bus minutissimis dioicis spicatis in rachi alterne sessi-
libus, stylo 3-fido, bacca 3-sperma. Mich.fl.amer. 1.
p. 154.

On the sea-coast of Carolina and Florida. Michaux.
+•

fENTANDRI A MONOGYNIA.

206. CEANOTHUS. Gen. pi. 36 1.

X. C. foliis ovatis acuminatis serratis triplinervibus subtus
nervis venisque pubescentibus, paniculis axillaribus
longe pedunculatis, pedicellis corymbosis. Willd. sp .
pl. 1. p. 1114.

Icen. Duham.arb.5l. Schmidt arb. 132.

In dry woods common : Canada to Florida. Pj • May,
June. v. v. Flowers small, white. It is commonly
called New Jersey- tea or Red root ; having been ac-
tually used in the American war as a substitute for tea.

2. C. foliis oblongo-ovalibus acutis mucronato-serrnlatis

triplinervibus subtus pubescentibus, paniculis axillari-
bus longissime pedunculatis, pedicellis corymbosis
laxis.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t 28 f. 6.

In the woods of Tennassee. Lyon. P? . June, July. v.v.
Leaves not one* fourth the size of the foregoing species.

3. C. foliis obovatis serratis subtus pubescentibus, paniculis

axillaribus thyrsoideis brevissime pedunculatis, pedi-
cellis aggregatis.

Near the Rocky mountains on the banks of the Mis-
souri. M. Lewis P? . May, June. v. s. in Herb.
Lewis. Branches blood-red or purple $ panicles not
longer than the leaves.

4. C. foliis ovalibus subserrulatis glabris, paniculis thyrsoi-

deis terminalibus axillaribusque.

On rocks near rivers : Virginia and Carolina. 1/ . May.
v. v Leaves the size of the first species, but smooth ;
the stems scarcely ever remain over winter, but die
down to the root.

americanus.

intermedius.

sanguineus.

perennis.

5. C. subdecumbens ; foliis minutis subfasciculatis oblongis microphyllus.
subintegerrimis glabriusculis, corymbuhs terminalibus.

Mich.fi. amer. 1. p 154.

In sandy woods : Carolina to Florida. Pj . May, June.
v. v. A very delicate little shrub, the root of which,
like all the foregoing species, is large and red, from
which they derive the name of Red-root.

207. CELASTRUS. Gen.pl. 372.

I. C. inermis, scandens j foliis oblongis acuminatis serratis, scandens .

racemis terminalibus. Willd . sp. pl. 1. p. 1 125.

168

lullatus.

americanus.

angustifolius.

dtropurpu -
reus .

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNI A. CelastrtlS.

Icon. Dukam.arl.g5. Schmidt arb. 140.

In hedges and woods, among rocks : Canada to Virginia.

. May, June. v. v. Flowers pale yellow $ berries
orange-scarlet.

2. C. inermis ; foliis ovatis acutis integerrimis, panicula
terminali. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 1123.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 28. f. 5.

In Virginia. 1? . -f- , Notwithstanding all my diligent
researches at the place of its supposed nativity, as weil
as in the Herbariums of Plukenet and Banister, now at
the British Museum, I have not been able to find any
information respecting this species : consequently I
strongly suspect its not being an American plant.

208. EVONYMUS. Gen. pi. l.p. 3/8.

1. E. ramis 4-angulatis, foliis subsessilibus elliptico-lan-

ceolatis acutis serratis, pedunculis subtrifioris, floribus
omnibus 5-fldis, fructibus verrucoso* muricatis. —
Willd. sp pl.l.p. 1132.

Icon. Pluk. aim, t. II 5. f. 5. Schmidt arb. /5.

In hedges and shady woods, among rocks, and on the
edges of swamps : New England to Carolina. ^ •
June, July. v. v. Flowers yellow, tinged with red j
fruit scarlet, resembling those of Arbutus Unedo at
first sight. They are a great ornament to this almost
evergreen shrub. The common name in America is
Burning-bush.

2. E. ramis 4-angulatis, foliis subsessilibus elongatoflineari-

ellipticis subfalcatis subintegerrimis, pedunculis ple-
rumque unifloris, floribus omnibus 5-fidis, fructibus
verrucoso-muricatis.

In shady woods : Georgia. Lyon. \ . June, July.
v. v. Flowers and fruit the same as the first species.
Though nearly related to it, it is propagated by seeds,
and keeps its own distinction, according to informa-
tion from Mr. Lyon.

3. E. foliis petiolatis oblongo-lanceoiatis acuminatis serratis,

pedunculis divaricatis multifloris, floribus 4 fidis, fruc-
tibus laevibus, — Willd. sp.pl. 1. p . 1132.

Icon. Jacc/. hort. 2. /. 120. Schmidt arb. 73.

On the banks of rivulets : New York to Carolina. •
June, July, v. v. Flowers dark purple ftuit red.

fENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

209. VITIS. Gen. pi. 3 96.

1. V. foliis lato-cordatis sublobato-angulatis subtus incano-

toraentosis, racemis fertilibus parvis, baccis majoribus.
Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 230. Witld. sp. pi. 1. p. 1 181.
V. taurina. JValt.fi. car. 242.

Icon. Jacq. schoenbr. 426.

In shady woods : Canada to Florida. Ij . June, July.
v.v. Berries black, large, of a disagreeable fox-smell,
commonly called Fox-grape. There is a variety with
white berries called Bland' s-gr ape.

2. V. foliis lato-cordatis 3 — 5 lobis: junioribus subtus

rufo-tomentosis, racemis fertilibus oblongis, baccis
parvis. — Mich.fi. amer. 2. p. 230.

V. vulpina. Willd. sp.pl. 1 p. Ii81.

V. Labrusca. Wdlt.fi. car. 242.

Icon. Jacq. schoenbr. 425.

V. foliis sinuato-palmatis grosse dentatis : sinubus rhom-
boideis An species distincta ?

In fields and woods : Virginia to Carolina. I2 . May,
June. v. v. Berries dark blue, very agreeable to eat,
and frequently converted into very good home-made
wine. It is known by the name of Summer-grape.

3. V. foliis cordatis acuminatis inciso-dentatis utrinque gla-

bris, racemis laxe multifloris, baccis parvis. — Midi. fi.
amer. 2. p. 231.

V. incisa. Jacq. schoenbr. A2J.

V. vulpina. Walt.fi. car. 243.

Icon Jacq. I. c.

On the edges of rivers and in woods : Canada to Florida.
Tj . Jun<?, July. v.v. Berries green or amber-coloured,
small, and ripen extremely late, of a very tart taste:
commonly called Winter-grape or Chicken-grape.

4. V. foliis inaequaliter inciso-dentatis breviuscule 3-fidis :

petiolo nervis margineque pubescentibus. Mich.Jl .
amer. 2. p. 231.

V. odoratissima. Donn catal. 66.

On the gravelly shores and islands of the rivers : Pen-
sylvania to Carolina, 1? , May — July. v.v. Flowers
of an exquisitely fine smell, somewhat resembling Re-
seda odorata. Female plants are very seldom found
north of the Potowmac river, though the male extend
very far beyond it.

5. V. utrinque lucidis reniformi-cordatis subaequaliter den-

169

Labrusca.

cestivalis.

sinuata»
cordifolia .

\

riparia.

rolunclifolia.

i;o

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. VitlS.

palmata ,

tatis, racemorum floribus pluries capitulatis, baccis
magnis. Mich fl. amer. 2. p. 231.

On river sides and islands : Virginia to Florida. Tj .
June, July, v v. Berries very large, dark blue,
agreeable, commonly called Bull - or Bullet- grapes.

6. V. foliis cordatis palmatis glabris : laciniis lanceolatis in-
cisis, umbellis racemosis. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1 180.

In Virginia. Vahl. Pj.-f.

Ampelopsis.

210. C1SSUS. Gen.pl. 655.

1. C. foliis truncato-cordatis acuminatis dentatis angulatis-
que : nervis subtus pubescentibus, racemis duplicato-
bifidis. — Pers. syn. 1. p. 142.

Ampelopsis cordata. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 1 5g.

On river sides and among hedges, in the Allegany moun-
tains : Pensylvania to Carolina. T2 . Jiine, July- v.v.
Berries pale red.

hederacea.

2. C. radicans, scandens 5 foliis quinato-digitatis utrinque
glabris : foliolis petiolatis oblongis acuminatis mucro-
nato-dentatis, pedunculis dichotomis : racemis corym-
bosis. — Pers. syn. 1. p. 143.

Ampelopsis quinquefolia. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 160.

Vitis hederacea. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 1182.

Hedera quinquefolia. Linn. hort. cliff. 7 4.

Icon. Corn, canad. t. 100.

hirsuta.

fi. C. foliis utrinque pubescentibus : foliolis ovatis acumi-
natis grosse- dentatis.

Ampelopsis hirsuta. Donn catal. 16(5.

On the Allegany mountains : Pensylvania to Virginia.
Tj . v.v. The variety /3. appears to be a distinct spe-
cies ; but, as I never have seen its flowers, a sufficient
character is wanting.

stans .

3. C. foliis bipinnatis : foliolis inciso-serratis, racemis pe-
dunculatis duplicato bifidis. — Pers. syn. l.p. 143.
Ampelopsis bipinnata. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 160.

Vitis arborea. IVilld. sp . pl.l.p. 1183.

Icon. Pluh. want. t. 412. /. 2.

In shady woods, on river sides : Virginia and Carolina,
Tj . June, July. v. v. Stem upright.

caroliniana.

211. CYRILLA. Linn. Mich.jl.amer.\.p.\5hJ.

1. C. foliis cuneato-lanceolatis acutis membranaceis nervo-
sis, spicis gracilibus, petalis pedicello longioribus.
Mich.jl. amer. l.p. 158.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Cyrilla. 17 1

C. racemiflora. Linn. mant. 50.

Itea Cyrilla. JViLld. sp. pi. 1. p. 1146.

Icon. Jacq.ic. 1. t. 4/. L' Herit. stirp. 1. t. 66.

In sandy swamps of Carolina. Pj , June, July. v. v.

A very elegant shrub ; flowers white.

212. ITEA. Gen. pi. 381. Mich. gen. pi. 1. p. 156.

1. I. foliis oblongis serratis, spicis pubescentibus. — IVilld . virgmica .

sp. pi. l. p. 1146.

Icon. Duham. arb. 1. t. 126.

In swamps : Pensylvania to-Caroiina. Tj . June, July.
v. v. From four to six feet high : flowers white.

213. IMPATIENS. Gen. pi. 1365.

1. I. pedunculis multifloris solitariis, foliis ovatis obtuse Nolitangere.

dentatis, geniculis caulinis tumentibus. — IVilld. sp.
pl. 1. p. 11 76.

Icon, FI. dan. 588. Engl. bot. 937.

Near springs and rivulets, in shady places : New En-
gland to Carolina. Q. June, July. v. v. Flowers
plain yellow.

2. I. pedunculis plerumque bifloris solitariis, foliis ovatis liflora.

argute dentatis.— IVilld. sp. pl. 1 . p. 1175. Walt.jl.
car. 21 9.

In wet shady places : Canada to Carolina. ©. June,

July. v. v. Flowers dark yellow, with red spots
on the inside.

214. VIOLA. Gen. pl. 1364.

* A 'caules.

1. V. foliis subpedato-multipartitis : laciniis Iineari-lanceo- pedata.

latis subintegris, calycis laciniis linearibus acutis. —

IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 1 160.

Icon. Bot. mag. 89. Bot. rep. 153.

On dry sandy hills and fields : New England to Caroli-
na. 1/. May, June. v. v. Flowers large, beautiful
blue. There is a very handsome variety with pale blue
petals, ornamented with a dark purple velvet at the
bottom, similar to Viola tricolor.

2. V. foliis palmato-5 — 7-lobatis postice in petiolum atte- digitata *

nuatis : lobis integris.

In Virginia. Leconte in lit t. l/.May. v. s. Flowers

pale blue.

172

palmata.

sagittata.

dentata.

lanceolala.

lianda.

olliqua.

PENTANDRIA M0N0GVNIA. Viola.

3. V. pubescens ; foliis cordatis hastato-lobatis palmatisve 5

laciniis dentatis, calycis laciniis lanceolatis glabris,
petalis 2. oppositis basi barbatis. — IVilld. sp. pL 1.
p. 1 15p.

Icon. Bot. mag. 535. Plui. aim. t. 447 -f !•

On dry lulls and pastures, generally in sandy soil. 1/.
April — June. v. v. Flowers blue ; early in spring
the leaves are generally kidney-shaped, and after the
first flowers are gone they become palmated ; some-
times it occurs with smooth leaves.

4. V. pubescens ; foliis oblongis acutis cordato-sagittatis

subserratis basi incisis, pedunculis foliis longioribus,
calycis laciniis linearibus glabris, petalis 3. inferioribus
basi barbatis. - IVilld.. sp. pl 1 p. il6'Q.

On dry hills : New England to Virginia. 1/ . April—
June, v v. Flowers blue; lower petal white to-
wards the bottom, with purple veins; the rest longer,
narrower, and white towards the base.

5. V. glabra; foliis oblongis acutis basi truncatis serratis

inferne subhastato grandi-dentatis, pedunculis foliis
brevioribus, calycis laciniis linearibus, petalis 3. inferi-
oribus basi barbatis.

In wet meadows and woods : Pensylvania. I/ . May,
June. v. v. Flowers of nearly the same colour and
shape as the preceding species.

6. V. glabra ; foliis lanceolatis subserratis, pedunculis vix

foliis longioribus, petalis imberbibus : 2. superioribus
subrotundis. — IVilld. sp. pl. 1 . p. 1 l6l.

In overflowed meadows : Canada to Pensylvania. I/ .
June, July. v. v. Flowers white; the upper petal
painted with purple veins. There are several varieties
of this species, some with ovate leaves attenuated in
a petiole, some exceeding small, &c.

7. V. glabra ; foliis cordatis acutiusculis planiusculis remote

serratis, pedunculis longitudine foliorum, petalis im-
berbibu : 2. lateralibus breviodbus, intimo reliquis
longiore lanceolato — IVilld. kort. lerol. 1. t. 24.

In wet places, bog-meadows: New York to Carolina,
If. April — June. v.v. Flowers yellowish white j
lower petal marked with blue stripes and veins.

8. V. glabra ; foliis cordatis acutis crenato -serratis planius-

culis, floribus erectis, pedunculis longitudine foliorum,
petalis oblique flexis : lateralibus angustioribus et lon-

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Viola.

I73

gloribus infra medium barbatis. — Willd. sp. pi, 1.
p. 1161.

In shady wet places : Pensylvania to Virginia. 7/ . April
— June. v. v. Flowers white with purple and yel-
low veins.

9. V. pubescens ; foliis ovatis subcordatis crenatis : petiolis primulifolia.
marginatis, calycibus ciliatis longis, petalis omnibus
obovatis : 2. lateralibus barbatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 1162.

On dry hills: Canada to Virginia. 1/. April — June.
v. v. Flowers blue.

10. V. glabra ; foliis cordatis glabris serratis basi cucullatis, cucullata.

pedunculis longitudine petiolorum, petalis oblique
flexis : lateralibus barbatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 11 62.

In grassy wet places : common. 1/ . May, June. v. v.

Flowers blue, white at their base.

11. V. foliis cordatis crenato-serratis obtusis subtus pubes- sororia .

centibus, peduncuiis foliis brevioribus, petalis oblongis :
infimo basi barbato. — Willd. hort. heroi. 1. t. 72.

In overflowed meadows : Pensylvania, &c. 7/ . April

- — June. v. v. Flowers blue, white at the bottom;
lower petal veined.

12. V. foliis triangulari-cordatis acutis crenatis subcucullatis papilionacea.

glabriusculis, pedunculis longitudine foliorum, petalis
obovatis : 3. inferioribus infra medium barbatis conni-
ventibus, 2. superioribus reflexis.

Near Philadelphia, in wet places. 7/. May, June. v. v.

Flowers blue, elegantly striated and bearded with
yellow down.

13. V. glabriuscula ; foliis suborbiculatis obtusiusculis sinu clandestina.

clauso cordatis crenato-serratis : serraturis glandulosis,
stolonibus floriferis, petalis linearibus calyce vix lon-
gioribus.

V. rotundifolia. Mich.fl. amer . 2. p. 150 ?

On the high mountains of Pensylvania, in shady beech-
woods, among rotten wood and rich vegetable mould.

7 1 . June — Sept. v. v. This singular species differs
from all the rest, in producing , its flowers as it were
under ground, as they always are covered with rotten
wood or leaves ; they are of a chocolate brown, very
small j the seed-vessel buries itself still deeper in the
ground, and is large in proportion to the plant. The
inhabitants know it by the name of Heal-all, being
used by them in curing all kinds of wounds or sores.

174

canadensis.

striata.

debilis.

rostrata.

pubescens.

hastata .
Nuttallii.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Viola.

** Caules cent es.

14. V. glabriuscula ; foliis subcordatis acuminatis serratis,

pedunculis longitudine foliorum, stipulis brevibus in-
tegris.— Willd . sp. pl. 1. p . 1166.

In shady woods, in rich moist situations : Canada to Ca-
rolina, on the mountains. I/ . June — Aug. v. v.
Flowers outside purplish-blue, inside white and ele-
gantly veined, sweet scented.

15. V. glabra; foliis cordatis acuminatis serratis planiusculis,

pedunculis longissimis, stipulis lanceolatis serrato-ciii-
ath.— Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1106.

In shady woods : Pensylvania to Virginia. % . May —
July. v. v. Flowers white, with purple veins.

10. V. glabra ; foliis reniformi-cordatis brevissime acumina-
tis crenatis basi cucullatis, pedunculis foliis duplo
longioribus, stipulis serrato-ciliatis.^ — Mich.Jl. amer. 2.
p. 150.

V. canina Walt. fi. car. WQ.

In low grounds : Pensylvania to Carolina. 1/ . May —
July. v. v. Flowers not one half the size of the
preceding species, pale blue.

] 7- V. glabra ; foliis cordatis acutis serratis, pedunculis foliis
duplo longioribus, stipulis lanceolatis serrato-ciliatis,
nectariis rostratis corolla longioribus.

On shady rocks : near Eastown, Pensylvania. I/ . May,
June. v.v. Flowers blue.

18. V. villoso-pubescens ; caule erecto superne folioso, foliis

lato-cordatis, stipulis oblongis apice serratis. — Willd.
sp.pl. 1. p. 1100.

V. pensylvanica. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 14 9.

In shady woods, among rocks, particularly limestone
rocks : New York to Virginia. I/ . May, June. v. v.
Flowers yellow.

19. V. glabra; caule simplici superne folioso, foliis hastatis

brevissime petiolatis, stipulis minutis denticulatis.
Mich. fi. amer. 2. p. \4g.

On high mountains : Pensylvania to Carolina. % . May,
June. v. v. Flowers yellow.

20. V. pubescens ; caule simplici erecto, foliis ovato-oblon-

gis acutis obsolete-dentatis nervosis, in petiolum lon-
gum attenuatis, stipulis lanceolatis integris, pedunculis
longitudine toliorum.

On the banks of the Missouri. I/ . June. v. s. in Herb
Nuttall. Flowers yellow.

I

PENTANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Viola.

21. V. stricte-erecta ;• foliis lato-lanceolatis siipulisque lan-

ceolato-linearibus integerrimis, pedunculis axillaribus
geminis brevissimis. — Forster in Linn, trans . 0. p. 30^.
t. 28.

V. stricta. Muhlb. Mss.

On lime-stone rocks : Pensylvania. 1/ . June, July. v. v.
About two feet high ; flowers small, green.

22. V. subpubescens j caule angulato simplici, foliis inferio-

ribus rotundato-spathulatis subdentatis, superioribus
lanceolatis integris, stipulis pectinato-pinnatifidis, caly-
cibus acutis corolla duplo brevioribus.

In fields of Pensylvania and Virginia. O. May — July.
v. v. Flowers small white, with a few purple veins.
Nearly approaches to V. tricolor. Specimens in the
collection of A. B. Lambert, Esq. from Pallas’s Her-
barium, are the same with this species.

215. CLAYTONIA. Gtn.pl. 402.

1. C. foliis lineari-lanceolatis, racemis solitariis, calycis fo-

liolis acutiusculis, petalis obovatis retusis, radice tu-
berosa.— IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 1185.

Icon. Bot. mag. ()4l.

In wet woods, round the stumps of rotten trees : New
England to Carolina. 1/ . March — May. v. v. Flow-
ers white, with red veins.

2. C. foliis spatbulatis, racemo solitario, calycis foliolis ob-

tusis, petalis subrotundis retusis, radice tuberosa. —
Parad. lond. 7 1 *

C. carol iniana. Mich. fi . amer. 1. p. ifiQ.

Icon. Parad. lond. 7L Piuk.alm. t. 102. f. 3.

On high mountains of Virginia and Carolina. 1/ .
March, April, v. v. Flowers smaller than the first
species, rose-coloured with purple veins.

3. C. foliis lanceolatis: cauliuis ovatis sessilibus, racemo

solitario elongato, calycis foliolis brevibus obtusissi-
mis, petalis cuneatis bifidis, radice tuberosa. — Pali.
Mss.

On the Rocky-mountains. M. Lewis. If . June, v s.
in Herb. Lewis. Flowers white, nearly the size of
the first species, without veins. In the collection of
A. B. Lambert, Esq. I found a specimen collected
by Pallas in the eastern parts of Siberia, perfectly
agreeing with the present species.

4. C. foliis radicalilus spathnlato-ovatis, caulinis ovatis di-

stinctis, racemis subgerninatis, floribus secundis, brac-

175
concolor .

licolor .

virginica .

spathulcefo -
Lia.

lanceolata.

alsinoides.

176

\

perf aliata.

maritima.

dichotoma.

herniarioides.

ar gyro coma.

pentandria MONOGYNiA. Claytonia.

teis ovatis linearibusque, petalis emarginatis, radicibus
fibrosis. — Sims in hot. mag.

C. sibirica. Hortul.

Icon. Bot. mag. 1309.

On the Columbia river. M. Lewis. ©. May, June.
v. v . in Hortis. Flowers small, white.

5. C. foliis radicalibus spathulato-rhomboideis : caulino

suborbiculato perfoliato, racemis subsolitariis ebrac-
teatis, petalis emarginatis, radicibus fibrosis. — Donn
cata l 50. Wilid '. sp . pi. 1 . p. 1 186.

C. cubensis. Humb. & Bonpl. equinoct. t. 26. Annales
du mus. d'hist. nat. 7. p. 82. t. 6.

Icon. Bot. mag. 1336.

On the Rocky-mountains. M. Lewis. Q. April, May.
v. v. in Hort. Flowers smaller than any of the fore-
going species, white.

216. GLAUX. Gen.pl. 408.

1. Glaux. Wilid. sp. pi. 1. p. 1216.

Icon. FI. dan. 548.

In overflowed marshes, near the sea : Canada. 7/ . July.
v. v Leaves oblong, smooth. Flowers axillary, sessile,
flesh-coloured.

✓

217. ANYCHIA. Mich.jl.amer. l.p. 112,

1. A. caule patulo dichotomo ramosissimo, foliis lanceola-

tis glabris erectis, stipulis floralibus calyce glabro sub-
aequaiibus. Midi. fi. amer. l.p. 113.

Queria canadensis. Wilid. sp. pl. 1 . p. 494 .

Icon. Ort. dec. t. 15. f. 2.

On dry limestone hills : New York to Kentucky. 1/ .
June — Aug. v v Flowers exceeding small; very
variable in the number of filaments, generally from
two to five.

2. A. humifusa, conferta, undique pubescens ; foliis ob-

longo-ovali bus ciliatis mucronatis, laciniis subulatis :
acumine setaceo patuloque Midi Jl. amer 1. p. 113.
On the dry sands of North Carolina. Michaux. 7/. +.

3. A. caespitosa, procumbens ; caulibus pubescentibus, .

foliis linearibus acutissimis subpilosis, capitulis fasci-
culato-terminalibus argenteis, calycis pilosi apicibus
barbatis et longe acuminatis. Mica. Jl. amer. 1.
p. 1 13.

On rocks in Upper Carolina and Virginia. 7/ . June,
July. v. v.

FENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

177

23 8. THESIUM. Gen.pl. 410.

1. T. erectum : foliis ovali-lanceolatis, fasciculis florum co-
rymboso-terminalibus.-— Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 1214.

T. corymbulosum. Mich.fi . amer . l.p. 112.

Icon. Pluk . mant. t. 342. f 1.

On dry hills and fields : New York to Carolina. %»
June, July. v. v. Flowers while.

210. NYSSA. Gen.pl. \5gg.

1 . N. foliis oblongis integerrimis utrinque acutis, petiolo,

costa media margineque villosis, pedunculis femineis
subtrifloris, nucibus brevi- obovatis obtuse striatis.—
Willd. sp.pl. 4. p. 258.

N. multiflora. Walt.fi. car. 253.

N. montana. Hortul.

Icon. Mich. arh. 21. Wangh amer. t. 16. f.3g.

In all the woods from New England to Carolina. ^ .
IVlay. v. v. Flowers small, greenish ; berries black,
the size of a pea. This tree is known by the name
of Sour -gum.

2. N. foliis ovato-oblongis integerrimis utrinque acutis gla-

bris, pedunculis femineis bifloris, drupis brevi-obo-
vatis : nuce obtuse-striata .—Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1113,
N. aquatica. Sp. pl. 1511.

N. integrifolia. Ait. kew. 3. p. 446.

Icon, Mich. arh. 22. Catesl. car. 1. f. 41.

In deep swamps : Virginia and Carolina. Ij . April,
May. v. v. Berries the size of the preceding spe-
cies, blueish -black.

3. N, foliis brevissime petiolaf is oblongis sub-integerrimis

basi cuneatis subtus candicantibus, pedunculis femi-
neis unifloris, drupis oblongis. — Willd. sp. pl. 4.

p. 1113.

N. capitata. Walt.fi. car. 253.

Icon. Mich. arh. 20.

On the banks of rivers : Carolina, principally on the
river Ogechee. Tj . May, June. v.v. Fruit large,
orange-coloured, full of an acid similar to a lime,
from which it is known by the name Ogechee-lime.

4. N. foliis longe petiolatis oblongis acuminatis remote

serratis subtus tomentosis, pedunculis femineis uniflo-
ris, drupis oblongis,— Willd, sp, pl, 4 .p. 1113,

VOL. I. K

nmhellatum .

villosa .

lifiora .

candicans .

tomentosa .

i-7«

denticulata.

oleifera.

diffbrmis.

macrophyl-

lum.

PENTANDRIA MONOGYNI A. NySS8.

N. grandidentata. Mich. ari. t. 1 9.

On the banks of the river St. Mary, and in Florida.
bt . May. v. s . Fruit the size of the preceding, dark
blue.

5. N. foliis longe petiolatis oblongis acuminatis remote ser-
ratis undique glabris, pedunculis femineis unifloris,
drupis oblongis. Willd. sp pl. 4. p. 11 14.

N. uniflora. Wdlt.Jl. car. 253.

N. angulisans. Mich.jl. amer. 2.p. 25g.

Icon. Wanghamer. t. 2 J.f. 5 7 • Catesb. car. 1. t. 60.

in swamps : Virginia and Carolina. T? . v. v. s. jl.

220. HAMILTONIA. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1114.

Pyrularia. Mich.jl. amer. 2.p. 231.

1. Hamiltonia. Willd. I. c.

Pyrularia pubera. Mich. I. c.

In shady woods, in the mountains of Pensyl vania,
Virginia near the Sweet springs, and in Carolina, ^ .
May, June. v. v. A shrub from four to six feet high,
very pubescent 3 leaves oblong, entire, acuminate 3
flowers small, greenish-yellow, in terminal racemes 3
fruit known in the country by the name of Oil-nut .

II. DIG YN I A.

221. ECHITES. Gen. pl. 421.

1. E. volubilis ; foliis ovali-lanceolatis acuminatis basi acu-
tis : infimis linearibus, floribus fasciculato-corymbosis.
— Walt.jl. car. 98.

E. puberula. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 120.

In woods of Lower Virginia and Carolina. • July.
v. v. Flowers small, dirty yellow 3 seed pods very slen-
der and long.

222. GONOLOBIUM. Mich.Jl.amer. 1 . p. 119.

1. G. sarmentis petiolisque hirsutis, foliis amplis abrupte
acuminatis puberulis, corollae laciniis ovali-lanceola-
tis, folliculis costato^angulosis.— - Mich. Jl. amer. 1.
p.ng.

PEMTANDRtA DIGYNIA. Goiiolobium.

Vincetoxicum gonocarpus. Walt. fi. car. 104.

In shady woods of Carolina and Virginia. Ip . Jane.
v. v. Flowers dark purple or dirty yellow.

2. G. sarmentis petiolisque hirsutissimis, foliis sensim acu- hirsutum,

minatis utrinque pubescentibus, corollae laciniis ob-
Jongo-ovalibus obtusis, folliculis oblongis muricatis. — *

Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 119.

Vincetoxicum acanthocarpos. Walt.fi. car. 104.

In hedges, near rivulets : Pensylvania to Carolina. I/ .

June, July. v. v. Flowers dark purple.

3. G. sarmentis glabriuscnlis, foliis subconoideo-cordatis laeve.

sensim acutis nervis subtus puberulis, floribus glabris,
corollae laciniis ovali-oblongis obtusi usculis, folliculis
laevibus. Mich.fi. amer . \.p. 11 Q.

Cynanchum caroiinense. Jac. ic. 2. t. 342 ?

In hedges on the banks of the Mississippi. 11/. June.

v. v. s. fr. Flowers dark purple.

Cynanchum obliquum. Jacq. ic. 2. t. 241. probably is
another species of this genus. I have seen the plant
in flower, but without fruit, in a cultivated state, but
never observed it growing spontaneously $ consequently
I shall omit it, as a doubtful North American plant.

223. AFOCYNUM. Gen.pl.A26 .

1. A. caule rectiusculo patente, foliis ovatis utrinque gla- androscemijb •

bris, cymis lateralibus et terminalibus glabris, corollis Hum.
limbo patentibus. — Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1259.

Icon. Dod. mem. t. 50.

In fields and along the edges of woods ; Canada to Ca-
rolina. 11 . July. v. v. Flowers pale red with darker
stripes.

2. A. caule rectiusculo, foliis oblongo-ovalibus subtus can- cannabinum .

dicante-pubescentibus, paniculis pubescentibus, corol-
lis limbo erectis. — Willd. sp. pl. I. p. 12 5g.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 13. f. 1.

In sandy fields and woods 5 common. % . June, July.
v. v. Flowers yellowish-green, small. The plant is
generally called Indian Hemp.

3. A. caule erectiusculo, foliis oblongis cordatis glabris, cy* hypericifo-

mis folio brevioribus. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 12(50. Hum.

A. sibiricum. Jacq. hort. 3. t. 66.

On the gravelly shores of rivers: New York to Vir-
ginia j scarce. Ij. . July, Aug, v. v. Flowers very
n 2

ISO

PENTANDR1A DIGYNIA. ApOCynum.

small ; plant lower than the preceding species, and
very smooth.

Syriaca.

224. ASCLEPIAS. Gen . pi. 429.

* Foliis oppositis.

1. A. caulibus simplicissimis, foliis lanceolato-oblongis sen-
sim acutis subtus tomentosis, umbellis subnotantibus
lomentosis. — Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 1265,

In fields and on the banks of rivers, very common :
New England to Virginia. 1/ . July, Aug. v. v.
From three to five feet high ; flowers in large close
clusters, pale purple, sweet-scented. The nectaries
act as fly-traps.

phytolaccoi-

des.

2. A. caule erecto simplici, foliis lato-ovato-oblongis acutis
glabris subtus pallidioribus, umbellis compositis latera-
libus solitariis longe pedunculatis nutantibus.- — Gron.
virg. 38.

On the mountains of Virginia and Carolina. 1/ . July,
Aug. v. v. Stem about three feet or more high,
spotted with purple 5 leaves large, middle rib purple $
flow'ers sweet-scented ; petals reflexed, very dark pur-
ple. This plant was introduced into England in
1812, by Mr. Lyon, under the above name.

debilis .

3. A. glabriuscula 5 caule debili erecto simplici, foliis pe-
tlolatis ovali-lanceolatis utrinque acutis membranaceis,
umbellis terminalibus laxifloris, pediceliis capillaribus.
— Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 116.

In shady rocky situations, near rivulets : New York to
Carolina ; rare. 1/ . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers
white 5 leaves large. The fibres of the stem produce
a kind of flax, as all the rest of this genus do,
but far superior, being of a beautiful silky gloss and
extreme strength.

parviftora.

4. A. foliis lanceolatis acuminatis glabris oppositis basi at-
tenuatis, umbellis lateralibus solitariis, caule suffruti-
coso erecto. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 126/.

A. perennis. Walt.jl. car. 10/.

In sandy fields : Carolina and Florida. % . July, Aug.
v. v. Flowers small, white.

nivea.

5. A. foliis ovato-lanceolatis glabriusculis, umbellis erectis
lateralibus solitariis, caule simplici, Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 12 66.

PENTANDR1A DTGYNIA. AsclepiaS.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 29 ./. 32. Bot. mag. 1 187-
On the banks of rivers in sandy or gravelly soil : Virgi-
nia to Carolina. I/ . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers
white.

6. A. caule erecto superne ramoso tomentoso, foliis lanceo-

latis utrinque subtomentoso-lanuginosis, umbellis plu-
ribus origine geminis, corniculis appendicum exertis.
Mich.Jl: amer. 1. p. 115. Willd.sp.pl. 1. p. 1207*
Icon. Jacq. hort. t. 107«

/3. Willd. I. c.

In swamps and on river banks ; common. 7/. June-—
Aug. v. v. Flowers red. The variety /3. is more hairy,
in every other respect no ways different 5 sometimes
the leaves are quite smooth, and only pubescent on the
upper part of the stem.

7. A. caule simplici bifariam puberulo, foliis subsessilibus

oblongo-ovalibus subtus pubescentibus, umbellis ter-
minalibus nectariisque erectis, appendicibus exertis. —
Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 12 05,

Teon. DHL elth. t. 27. f. 30.

In wet meadows, on the edges of woods and ditches :
New England to Virginia. 7/ . July, Aug. v. v.
Flowers beautiful purple.

8. A. caule simplici, foliis ovatis subtus villosis, umbellis

erectis, nectariis resupinatis. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 12 05.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 28. /.31.

In shady swamps : Virginia and Carolina. 7/. July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers purple.

9. A. caule simplici erecto hirsuto, foliis lanceolato-oblongis

obtusiusculis subsessilibus utrinque tomentoso-hirsutis,
umbellis lateralibus solitariis subsessilibus nutantibus
subgloboso-densifloris, appendicibus nullis.

In dry fields : Pensylvania to Virginia. 7/ . June, July.
v. v. Flowers green,

10. A. caule simplici erecto, foliis ovatis petiolatis rugosis
nudis, umbellis subsessilibus pedicellis toinentosis.
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1205. Walt.jl. car. 104.

A. hybrida. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 115.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 77. f. 1. Bot.mng. 1182.

On dry sunny hills, on the borders of woods: New
York to Carolina. 7/. July, Aug. v. v. A very hand-
some species, flowers in dense umbels j petals and
sectaries white ; fructification red.

181

incarnata.

pulchra.

amoe?ia.

purpuras-

cens

viridijlora.

variegata »

182

obtusifolia.

amplexicau-

lis.

acuminata .

laurifolia.

paupercula.

pedicellata.

PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA. Asclepks,

11. A. foliis amplexicaulibus oblongis rotundato-obtusis un-

datis, umbella terminali longius pedunculata multi-
flora glabra, corniculis exertis. Mkh. fi. amer . 1.
p. 11 5.

A. purpurascens. Walt. fl. car. 105.

In sandy fields : New Jersey to Carolina. 1J. . June —
Aug. v. v. Flowers large, purple.

12. A. tota glauca ; caulibus decumbentibus simplicibus,

foliis cordatis amplexicaulibus venosis, corniculis de-
litescentibus compresso-ligulatis. Midi. fi. amer. 1.
p. 115.

A. humistrata. Walt.fi. car. 105.

In barren sandy fields : Carolina and Georgia. 1/ . June,
July. v. v. Leaves red- veined, thick; flowers hand-
some, red.

13. A. caule erecto glabro simplici, foliis ovatis subcordatis

acuminatis brevi-petiolatis, superioribus sessilibus ;
umbellis lateralibus solitariis erectis.

A. cordata. Walt.fi. car. 105,

In deep cedar-swamps, and on the banks of rivers : New
Jersey. "2/. July. v.v. Flowers red and white;
stem about two feet high ; roots very large, resembling
those of A. tuberosa.

14. A. caule erecto glabro, foliis subsessilibus ovali-lanceola-

tis sensim angustatis acutissimis glabris : supra ad oras
asperiusculis. — Mich.fi. amer. l. p. 117.

On the river Althamaha, Georgia. Michaux. I/. July.
v. s. Flowers purple.

15. A. caule erectiusculo glabro oligophyllo, sursum nudo,

foliis linearibus longissimis glabriusculis, umbellis ter-
minalibus paucidoris. — Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 118.

A. lanceolata. Walt. fi. car. 105.

In sandy wet meadows : Virginia and Lower Carolina.
%. June, July. v.v. Flowers red, with yellow ap-
pendices.

16. A. caule simplici erecto piloso, foliis elliptico-linearibus

pubescentibus supra punctato-asperis, umbella lateralis
solitaria pauciflora, petalis erectis calyce multoties
longioribus, nectariis lunulatis patentibus corniculis
nullis. — Walt. fi. car, 106.

On dry sandjp fields of South Carolina. Walter. Near
Fort Barrington. Lyon. 11 . June. v. s. in Herb .
Lyon, nec non Walter. The whole plant not above

k

PENTANDRIA DI6YNIA. Asclepias.

three inches high ; flowers large in proportion, green-
ish yellow j fructification on a pedicel

17. A. caulibus erectis, foliis petiolatis oblongis obtusis lae-

vibus, umbellis paucis terminalibus, petalis erectis
calyce multo longioribus, nectariis integris patulis bre-
vibus.— IValt.Ji. car. 107.

South Carolina. Walter. 1/. v. s. in Herb. Lyon.
Flowers large ; petals green ; nectaries purple ; fruc-
tification white. This and the preceding species de-
viate from the general character of Asclepias , and pro-
bably constitute a distinct genus ; but having had no
opportunity to examine the living plant, I refer t em
to this genus until another opportunity may be had
to investigate them.

18. A. caulibus erectis simplicibus glabris, foliis ovatis acu-

minatis petiolatis : in medio cauli majoribus quaternis,
umbellis duabus terminalibus laxifloris, pedicellis fili-
formibus.— Jacq. obs. 2. t. 23.

On lime-stone rocks : New York to Virginia. 1/ , May
— July. v. v. From nine inches to a foot high y
flowers small, sweet-scented; petals white ; nectaries
rose-coloured.

Foliis sparsis.

19. A. caule erecto simplicissimo lineatim puberulo, foliis

angustissime linearibus strictis glabris plerumque ver-
ticillatis, corniculis exertis. Mich.fi. amer. l.p.llQ.
Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 1272.

Icon. Plui. mant. t. 336. f. 4.

On dry hills and fields : New Jersey to Carolina. I/ .
June, July, v.v. Petals yellowish-green ; nectaries
white.

20. A. caule decumbente foliisque sparsis praelongo-lineari-

bus puberulis, appendicibus corollae corpusculo genita-
lifero brevioribus et corniculo vacuis. Mich.fi. amer. 1.
p. 110,

A. incarnata. Walt.fi. car. 10(5.

A. floridana. Lam. encycl. 1. p. 284.

In shady wet woods : Carolina and Georgia. 1/ , July,
Aug. v. s. Flowers pale purple ; fructification yel-
low.

21. A. caule erectiusculo summitate divaricato-ramoso hir-

sutissimo, foliis sparsis oblongo lanceolatis hirsutis.

183

viridis,

quadrifolia.

verticillata.

longifolia,

tuberosa .

184

decumbens.

palustris.

latifolia.

salicifolia .

angustiflolia.

nitidum.

PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA. Asclepias.

umbellis subcorymboso-terminaiibus. — Willd . sp. pl.

l.p. 1273.

Icon. DHL elth. t . 30./. 34.

/3. A. caule decumbente, foliis sublinearibus hirsutissimis
umbellis lateralibus. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1268.

In stony or sandy fields and woods $ common. /3. In
barren fields of Carolina. }/ . June, July. v. v.
Flowers very showy ; petals and nectaries bright
orange 5 fructification yellow.

224. h. CEROPEGIA. Gen.pl. 431. -

1. C. foliis linearibus integerrimis, floribus umbellatis, pe-
dunculis longitudine foliorum, calycis laciniis linea-
ribus.

In salt marshes, winding round Scirpi and Junci : Ca-
rolina. Lyon. 1/. v. s. in Herb. Lyon, nec non Wal-
ter. The whole habit of the plant is that of C. tenui-
flora. Willd . sp. pl. 1. p. 1276. the flowers only
considerably smaller.

225. AMSONIA. Wall. fl. car. 98.

1 . A. caule glabriusculo, foliis ovali-lanceolatis superiori-

bus promisse acuminatis subtus ad nervos pubescenti-
bus.— Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 121.

Tabern se montana Amsonia. Willd. sp. pl. J. p. 1246.
Jcon. Pluk. phyt. t. 115, fl 3.

In shady wet woods : Cardina. 2/ . May. v. v. Flowers
in compound corymbous racemes, blue.

2. A. caule laevigato, foliis lineari-lanceolatis utrinque acu-

tis glaberrimis.

In Carolina and Georgia. Lyon. 1/ . May. v. v.
Flowers the same as the first species, more abundant.

3. A. caule pubescente, foliis angusto-linearibus crebris

erectis pubescentibus. Mich.fl. amer. l.p. 121.
Amsonia ciliata. Walt.fl. car. 98.

In sandy barrens of Carolina and Georgia. 11. May,
June. v. s. in Herb. Walter. &c. Flowers of the same
disposition and colour as both the foregoing species.

226. GELSEMINUM. Juss. gen.pl. p. l6&.

1. G. scandens, glaberrimum ; foliis lanceolatis, fasciculis
axillaribus paucifloris. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 120.

r-ENTANDRiA DiGYNiA. Geiseminum.

185

Bignonia sempervirens. JVilld. sp. pi. 3. p. 2Q1.
Anonymos sempervirens. Walt. Jl. car. 98.

Icon. Catesb. car. 1. t. 53. Pink. aim. t. 112. f. 5.

On the sea-coast near rivers : Virginia to Florida. T 2 .

June, July, v . v. Flowers large, deep yellow, fra-
grant 5 known by the name Carolina Jessamine.

22 7. GENTIANA. Gen. pi. 450.

1. G. caule tereti, ramis elongatis unifloris, foliis lanceo-
latis acutis, corollis 4-fidis, laciniis obovatis inciso-
ciliatis, plicis interioribus simplicibus. — JVilld. sp. pl. 1.
p . 1352.

G. fimbriata. Bot. rep. 50g.

In dry pastures and woods : New York to Carolina.
$ . Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers a beautiful sky-blue,
elegantly fringed on their edges.

2. G. caule tereti, foliis lineari -Janceolatis obtusiusculis,
floribus terminalibus fasciculatis, lateralibus solitariis
pedunculatis, corollis 5 -fidis campanuiatis : laciniis
rotundatis, plicis interioribus acute-unidentatis.—
JVilld.sp.pl. ]. p. 1336.

Icon. Fl.dan.26g. Bot. mag. 1101.

On high mountains, near the borders of lakes and rivu-
lets : Canada to Pensylvania. Ij. . Aug. Sept. v. v.
Flowers large, dark-blue.

3. G. caule tereti glabro, foliis oblongo-Ianceolatis trinerviis,
floribus sessilibus fasciculatis terminalibus axillaribus-
que, corollis 5-fidis campanuiatis ventricosis : laciniis
obtusis, plicis interioribus laciniis dentatis .—JVilld.
sp. pl. 1. p. 1338.

G. fimbriata. Vahl 3. p . 4/\

G. Catesbaei. Walt. Jl. car. 10g.

Icon. Catesb. car. 1. t. 70. Bot. mag. 103C). Bot.
rep. 418.

In low meadows and woods : Canada to Carolina. % .
Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers very crowded, fine blue.

4. G. caule subangulato scabriusculo, foliis ovato-lanceola-

tis asperiusculis, floribus sessilibus fasciculatis termi-
nalibus, corollis 5-fidis campanuiatis ventricosis : la-
ciniis acutis, plicis interioribus simplicibus acutis.—
JVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 1338.

G. Saponaria. Walt. Jl . car. 109. Mich. Jl. amer. 1.
p. 1 76.

G. villosa. JVilld. sp.pl. 1, p. 1338.

crinita.

Pneumonan -
the.

Saponaria .

ochroleuca.

186

PENTANDRiA BiGYNiA. Gentiana.

linearis.

amarelloides.

acuta .

angustifolia.

Icon. Pluk aim t. 186./. 1.

In dry sandy fields and on gravelly hills : Pensylvania to
Florida j more scarce. I/. Aug. Sept. v.v. Not
so tall as the preceding species ; flowers outside of a
yellowish- green, inside, blue and striped with purple.
That the present plant is the same with G. villosa ,
there remains no doubt, having seen the Gronovian
specimen in the Banksian Herbarium, which is the
same with G. Saponaria of Walter, and G. ochroleuca
of Frcelich.

5. G. caule asperiusculo, foliis lineari -lanceolatis undulosis

uti calyces ciliolatis, floribus 5-fidis campanulatis ter-
minalibus sessilibus congestis, laciniis brevibus obtu-
sis, plicis interioribus laciniis denticulatis. — Willd.sp.
pl 1. p. 1330.

G puberula. Midi. fl. amer. 1. p. 1/6.

In valleys, on the mountains of Pensylvania and Virginia.
I/ . Aug. v. v. Flowers large, blue.

6. G. caule quadrangulo ramoso, foliis semiamplexicaulibus

ovalibus acutis trinervibus, floribus 5-fidis tubuloso-
campanulatis fauce glabris terminalibus et lateralibus
ternis quinisve subpedicellatis, laciniis lanceolatis acu-
minatis, plicis simplicibus, calycibus brevissimis an-
gustis.— Midi. Jl. amer. 1. p 1 75.

G. quinqueflora. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1339*

On hills, in shady dry places : New York to Kentucky.
S • July , Aug. v. v . Flowers small, pale blue, not
yellow as they are represented by Michaux.

7. G* caule 4-gono, foliis sessilibus subamplexicaulibus

erectis oblongo-ovatis acutissimis, floribus fasciculatis
terminalibus et lateralibus, corollis 5-fidis, laciniis li-
neari-lanceolatis, plicis ciliatis. Midi. Jl. amer. 1.
p. 177.

On the high mountains of Carolina and in Canada.
Michaux. + . Flowers very small, greenish-yellow.

8. G, caule tereti simplici unifloro, foliis angusto-linearibus

patulis, corollis 5-fidis, laciniis ovalibus, plicis inte-
rioribus laciniis laceris. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p . 2 77-
G. purpurea. Walt.jl. car. 109.

In meadows and near rivers, in sandy soil : New Jersey
to Carolina. 1( . Aug. Sept. v% v. Flowers large,
a beautiful azure blue.

PENTANDRIA DTGYNIA.

187

22S. HYDROLEA. Ge7i.pA.445.

1. H. spinosa, pilosa ; foliis longo-lanceolatis, pedunculis
axillaribus brevissimis 1 — 5-floris, capsulis glabris.—
Walt.Jl. car. 1 10.

H< caroliniana. Mich.Ji. amer. 1 . p. 1 77*

In stagnant waters of Lower Carolina. % . July. v. s.
Flowers blue,

229. DICHONDRA, Gen. pl. 451, Mich.Ji. amer. 1.
p. 135.

l.D. pubescens; foliis absque emarginatura reniformibus
concoloribus, calycibus villoso-ciliatis.— Mich. JL.
amer. 1 . p. 136.

Anonymos repens. Walt. Jl, car. 110.

Demidofia repens. Gmel. syst. nat. 458.

In sandy fields, on road sides, about Charlestown,
South Carolina. I/ . June— Sept. v. v. A small
creeping plant, with small herbaceous coloured flowers.

230. EVOLVULUS. Gen. pl. 524.

l.E. erectus ; foliis oblongis utrimque sericeo-tomentosis,
pedunculis unifioribus brevdbus.

On the banks of the Missouri. Nuttall. v. s. Flowers
yellow.

231. HEUCHERA. Gen.pl. 447.

1. H. viscido-pubescens ; scapo foliisque asperiuscuiis, fo-

liis modice rotundato-lobatis dentatis : dentibus dila-
tatis obtusis mucronatis, pedunculis paniculae tres di-
chotomis divaricatis, calycibus brevibus obtusis, petalis
lauceolatis longitudine calycis, staminibus longe ex-
sertis.

H. americana. WiUd. sp.pl. 1. p. 1328.

H. Cortusa. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. \ J\.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 58./. 3.

In shady rocky situations : New England to Carolina ;
frequent. %. May — July. V.v. Flowers in along
simple panicle, small ; petals red. It varies sometimes
with nearly smooth leaves.

2. H. pulverulento-pubescens ; scapo inferne foliisque sub-

tus glabris, foliis subacuto-lobatis dentatis : dentibus
rotundatis mucronatis, pedunculis paniculae brevibus
Confertifloris^ calycibus campanulatis majoribus, pe-

quadrivalvis.

carolinensis.

argenteus.

vis eida.

pubescens .

3 88

hispida.

villosa .

caulescens.

volubilis.

PZNTANDRiA digynia. Heuchera.

talis spathulatis calyce longioribus, staminibus vix j
exertis.

On the Blue mountains of Pensylvania and Virginia. If .
May, June. v. v. Flowers larger than the rest of
the genus ; petals pale red with yellow.

3. H. hispida, scabra ; scapo petiolis foliisque subtus gla-

bris, foliis acute lobatis, supra hispido-pilosis den-
tatis : dentibus brevissimis subretusis mucronatis, pe-
dunculis paniculae paucifloris, calycibus mediocribus
subacutis, petalis spathulatis longitudine calycis, sta-
minibus exertis.

On high mountains of Virginia and Carolina. % . May,
June. v. v. Petals purple ?

4. H„ villosissima ; foliis acute lobatis dentatis : dentibus

acutis mucronatis, fasciculis paniculae capillaribus lax-
ifloris, calycibus parvis, staminibus exertis. — Mick.
fi. amer . l. p. IJ2,

On high mountains of North Carolina and Virginia ;
collected on the Peaks of Otter. 1/ . June. v. v,
Flowers small ; petals white.

5. H. basi suffruticosa ; scapo basi petiolisque pilosis, foliis

supra glabris subtus ad nervos pilosis acute-lobatis ci-
liatis dentatis 5 dentibus acutis mucronatis, calycibus
brevibus villosis, petalis linearibus calyce duplo lon-
gioribus, staminibus exertis.

On high mountains of Carolina. Lyon. 1/ . May, June.
v. v. Petals white. In the Herbarium of A. B. Lam-
bert, Esq. are specimens of a Heuchcra, collected by
Pallas in Kamtschatka, which appear to be the same
with the present species.

232. ZIZYPHUS. Lam. encycL 3. p. 303.

1. Z. inermis; foliis ovatis costatowenosis integerrimis sub-
undulatis, umbellis pedunculatis axillaribus, caule vo-
lubili. JVilld. sp. pl. \. p. 1102.

Rhamnus volubilis. Linn. suppi. 152. JVali.fi, car. 101.

Icon Jaccj. ic. 2. t. 330. Schmidt arb. 1 53.

In deep swamps, near the sea-coast : Virginia to Caro-
lina. Yi . June. v. v . Flowers small, greenish-
yellow ; berries oblong, violet-coloured. It ascends
the highest trees of Cupressus disiicha) in the Dismal
6wamp, near Suffolk in Virginia, and is known there
by the name of Supple* Jack.

FENTANDRfA DIGYNIA.

189

233, ERYNGIUM. Gen. pl. 456 . Delaroche monog.
eryng •

1. E. praealtum ; foliis longissime lanceolato-linearibus ser-

ratis : rameis lineari-multipartitis, involucri foliolis
capitulo ovoideo longioribus paleisque 3 — 5-fidis, ca-
pitulis paniculatis.-— Lam. encycl.4. p.J5g. Delaroche
eryng. p. 48.

E. aquaticum (3. IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 13 57. Mich. ft .
amer. I. p. 163.

Icon. Delaroche eryng. t. 1C). Pluk. alni . t. 3g6>f. 3.
On the banks of rivers, in overflowed tide-meadows :
Pensylvania to Virginia, li . July, Aug. v. v. Stem
hollow ; flower-heads green or pale blue. I once
found a beautiful proliferous variety with pale purple
flowers, one on the top of the others.

2. E. simplex ; foliis ovato- cordatis brevissime petiolatis,

capitulis omnibus pedunculatis, involucri foliolis pa-
leisque 3 -fidis, caule virgato superne tantum ramoso.
— Lam. encycl. 4. p. 75J . Delaroche eryng. p. 4Q.

E. ovalifolium. Mich.ft. amer. I. p. 163.

E. integrifolium. Walt. fl. car. 1 12.

Icon. Delaroche eryng. t. 20.

In wet meadows and woods : Carolina and Georgia. 1C.
July. v. v. About a foot high 3 flower-heads smali,
round, amethystine-blue.

3. E. pumilum, graveolens 5 foliis serrato-spinosisr radi-

calibus lanceolatis, floralibus palmatis, capitulis cylin-
dricis subsessiiibus, paleis longissimis lineari-lanceo-
latis. — - IVilld . sp, pl. 1. p. 1356.

Icon. Brown, jam. I. t. 156. f. 3. 4.

In dry fields : Georgia to Florida. 1/ . July, Aug. v. v.
Flowers in small heads, herbaceous. Very much es-
teemed among the natives as a medicine.

4. E. datum ; foliis late-linearibus remote ciliato-spinosis,

floralibus lanceolatis dentatis, foliolis involucri capitulo
globoso brevioribus paleisque integris, caule subdicho-
tomo. — Willd. sp. pl. 1. p . 1357-
Icon. Jacq. ic. 2. t. 34/. Pluk. aim. t. 3Q 6.f. 3.

In swamps : Virginia to Carolina. 1/ . Aug. v. v.
Sometimes more than six feet high 3 leaves very long 5
flower-heads pale green.

virginiamm.

virgatum .

foetidum ,

aquaticum.

190

americana.

fiexicaulis.

gracilis.

vulgaris.

O

umbella ta.
repanda.

lineata,
composita .

PENTANDRIA DIGYKIA,

234. HYDROCOTYLE. Gen. pi. 457 .

1. H. glabra, tuberosa j foliis subpeltato-orbiculatis duplt-

cato-crenatis, glomerulis paucifloris sessilibus. — JVilld.
sp. pi. 1 . p. 1301 .

a, H. caulibus firmioribus brevioribusque quasi angulatim
flexuosis. Mich. fl. amer. l.p.lQl.
jo. H. gracilior, filiformis, non flexuosa $ foliis minoribus.
Mick. L c.

In bogs and sphagnous swamps : a. Canada to Virginia.
j3. In the mountains of Carolina, Virginia, and in
Canada. If. June — Aug. v.v. Flowers exceeding
small, and of a greenish colour, as is the case with
all the following species.

2. H. foliis orbiculatis peltatis leviter crenatis, scapo inter-

rupto-spicato paucifloro.- — IVilld. sp.pl. I. p. 1300.
Icon. Fl. dan. go. Engl. hot. J5\.

In swamps and overflowed places : Canada to Georgia.
If . May — July. v. v.

3. H. foliis peltatis crenatis basi emarginatis, umbellis pe-

dunculatis multifloris, floribus pedicellatis. Willd.
sp. pl. 1. p. 1301.

In wet fields and mossy swamps : Virgin ia and Cardina.
I/. May^ — July. v.v.

4. H. foliis rotundato-cordatis subangulato-repandis, petio-

lis nervisque pilosis, capitulo pedunculato trifloro vil-
loso. Pers.syn. 1. p. 302.

H. ficaroides. Mich.fi. arner. 1 . p. 101.

H. reniformis et cordata. Walt.fi. car. 1,13.

On overflowed banks of rivers in Lower Carolina and
Georgia. H . June, July. v. v. Seeds larger than
the preceding species.

5. H. minuta, glaberrima 5 foliis crassiusculis lineari-cunea-

tis transversim lineatis, umbella pedunculata. — Mich,
fi. amer. 1 . p. iOi.

In overflowed places of Lower Carolina. 11. April,
May. 4- .

6'. H. radice globoso-bulbosa, caule simplici diphyiio bifi-
do, folio laterali 3-partito, partitionibus subpinnatis,
pinnulis divisis : terminali sub-biternato, umbellis
terminalibus 3 — 5-floris.

Sison bulbosum. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 169.

On rocks, in wet shady places, near Knoxville, Ken-
tucky. Michaux. if . March, April, v. s. in Herb.

pemtandria OiGYNiA. HydfoOotyle.

Enslen. As far as I have been able to learn from a
dried specimen, there remains no doubt that this plant
belongs to this genus rather than any other I know.

The flowers have white petals and dark purple anthers.

235. PANAX. Gen.pl. 1004.

j| 1. P. radice fusiformi, foliis ternis quinatis, foliolis ovali -quinquefolia
bus acuminatis petiolatis serratis. — Willd. sp. pl. 4. Utn,
p. 1 3 24.

Icon. Calesl. car. 3. t. 10. Trew ehret. t.Q.f.i. Bot .
mag. 1333.

In the mountains from Canada to Tennassee, in rich
shady woods. If. . May. v.v. This plant produces
the famous root called Ginseng, so much esteemed
by the Chinese : it formerly was an article of exporta-
tion in America, but at present there is little demand
for it.

2. P. radice subrotundo-bulbosa ; foliis ternis ternatis qui- trifolium .
natisve, foliolis oblongo-lanceolatis subsessilibus ser-
ratis.— Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1 124.

Icon. Bot. mag. 1334.

In low shady woods, near rivulets: New York and Pen-
sylvania. If . May. v. v. A small delicate plant,
easily overlooked even when in search of it.

236. SANICULA. Gen. pl. 458.

1 . S. foliis digitatis, foliolis oblongis incisis, floribus fertili- marylandica.

bus 'sessilibus subternis, sterilibus pedicellatis numero-
f sis. — Willd.sp.pl. I. p. 1367.

Icon. Jacq. ic. 2. p. 348.

In dry woods, frequent : Canada to Carolina. 71 . June,

July. v. v. Flowers greenish-white 5 fruit a little ,
bur.

2. S. foliis radicalibus compositis, foliolis ovatis. Willd. sp, canadensis .

pl. 1. p. 13 66.

In Virginia. 4- . A doubtful species.

23 7. DAUCUS. Gen. pl. 4 66.

1 . D. seminibus hispidis, petiolis subtus nervosis. Willd. Carol * .

sp. pl. 1. p. 1389-

The Wild Carrot is one of the most common weeds in
dry fields.

I

192

pusillus.

capillaceum .

canadense .

villosa.

lanatum»

PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA. DaUCUS.

2. D. retrorsum-hispidus ; foliolis laciniis minimis sublan- J

ceolatis, umbellis parvis, umbellulis paucifloris, semi-
nibus 8-fariam cristato-muricatis.—Afic/i. Jl. amer . i
p. 164.

In dry fields of Carolina. Michaux. 4-.

23S. AMMI. Gen.pl 46/.

1. A. caule ramoso, foliis omnibus composite capillaceo-
multipartitis, involucris umbella brevioribus multipar-
titis, seminibus glabratis.

A. majus. Walt.fl. car. 113.

In sandy fields of Carolina and Georgia. 0. June, July.
v. s. The plant small, with very finely divided leaves.

239. SELINUM. Gen. pi. 470.

1. S. glaberrimum, lucidum ; foliis bipinnatis, foliolis mul-
tipartitis, laciniis lanceolalis, fructibus ovalibus. Midi,
fi. amer, i . p. 1 65.

Apium bipinnatum. Walt.fl. car. 1 15.

On the mouths of large rivers from Canada to Carolina.
ip . July. v. v. Flowers white.

240. FERULA. Gen. pi. 475.

3 . F. foliis supradecomposito-ternatis, foliolis ovatis serratis

rigidis venosis, caule pedunculis umbeliisque villosis.
Walt. ft. car . 115.

Cicuta venenata. Philad. philos. trans.

On dry hills : New York to Carolina. 2/ . July, Aug.
v. v. Flowers white. In the Philosophical Transac-
tions of Philadelphia, a description of this plant haf
been given, and a full account of its poisonous qua*
lities.

241. HERACLEUM. Gen. pi 477-

1. H. foliorum petiolo nervisque subtus lanato-villosissimis,
foliis trifoliatis, foliolis omnibus petiolatis amplis sub-
rotundo-cordatis subpalmato-lobatis, seminibus orbi-
culatis. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 166.

In shady woods, on rich moist soil : Canada to Pensyl-
vania; rare. 11 . June, July. v.v. Flowers white.

I^NTANDRIA DIGYNIA.

193

242. LIGUSTICUM. Gen.pl 478.

1. L. foliis caulinis biternatis, summis trifoliatis, foliis late-

ralibus trapeziformibus, terminali rhombeo, umbellis
strictis, involucro involucellisque linearibus polyphyllis.
Mich.Jl. orner. \ .p. 1 66.

On the river St. Laurence. Michaux. 2/. +• July.

2. L, foliis petiolo duplicato-tripartito, partitionibus secon-

dariis 2-3- foliolatis, foliolis ovalibus aequaliter denta-
tis, involucellis setaceis, fructibus oblongo-ovalibus
subulato-10-costatis. Mich.Ji. amer. 1 . p. 1 66.

On the river St. Laurence. Michaux. In Virginia near
Staunton, &c. 2/ . July. v. v. More than three

feet high.

3. L. ? caule laevi glabroque, nodis confertim barbulatis,

foliis plerisque biternatis margine nervisque puberulis,
fructibus ovalibus utrinque margine subdipteris. Mich.
Ji. amer . 1 . p. 1 67.

In Upper Carolina. Michaux. 2/ . v. s. in Heri. Lyon.
I suspect this species to belong to another genus, pro-
bably Stum.

243. ANGELICA. Gen. pi. 4 79.

1. A. petiolo tripartito, partitionibus pinnato-5-folioIatis,

foliolis inciso-dentatis : terminalium impari rhombeo
sessili, lateralibus decursivis. Mich. Jl. amer. 1.

p. 167.

In Canada and on the mountains of Virginia. 2/ . June,
July. v. v. Smooth.

2. A. foliis compositis, foliolis oblongis sublobatis serratis

subsessilibus : extimo pari coadunato; terminali petio-
' ^XdXo.— Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1430.

In Canada and on the mountains of Virginia. 2/. July,
Aug. v. v. From three to six feet high j root very fra-
grant ; petals purple.

3. A. foliolis aequalibus ovatis inciso- serratis. Willd. . sp.

pl. l.p. 1430.

In shady woods ; Canada to Pensylvania. 2/ , June, July,
v. v. Flowers white.

«

scoticum .

actceifolium .

larlinode.

triquinata .

atropurpu -
rea.

lucida .

Vol. 1.

tg4

rigidius,

lineare .

longifolium,

pusillum.

trifoliatum.

i

marginatum.

carolinemis.

FENTANDRIA BIGYNIA.

244. SIUM. Gen. pl. 480.

1. S. foliis pinnatis, foliolis lanceolatis integerrimis vel su-

perne dentatis. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1433.

In wet meadows : Pensylvania to Virginia. % . July,
Aug. v.v. Flowers small. This and the following
are considered very poisonous plants, especially in re-
spect to horned cattle ; and every farmer who knows
their bad qualities is busily employed to destroy them,

2. S. foliis pinnatis, foliolis longis sublanceolato-linearibus

remotiuscule serratis, involucro oligophyilo, involu-
cellis linearibus polyphyllis, umbella breviter radiata.
Midi . fl. amer. \ . p.\ 6j.

S. suave. Walt. fi. car. 1 15.

In wet meadows and along ditches : Canada to Pensyl-
vania. % . July. v. v.

3. S. foliis pinnatis, foliolis inferioribus longissimis falcato-

linearibus rariter dentatis, caule oligophyilo superne
nudo, umbellis subgeminis nudiusculis.

In ditches and bogs : New Jersey. 1/ . Aug. v. v . .
Very slender.

244. b. SISON. Gen.pl. 481.

1. S. foliis biternatim multipartitis, umbellulis 3 —5 -floris,

seminibus scaberulis. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 108.
Daucus divaricatus. Walt. fl. car. 114.

In dry sandy fields : Cardina. 0. April, May. v. s.

2. S. foliis omnibus trifoliatis, foliolis dentatis, inferioribus

ovalibus 2-3 -lobis, superioribus ovali-lanceolatis, um-
bella terminali solitaria pedunculata, seminibus sub-
rotundis. Midi. fl. amer. 1. p. 168.

In Upper Cardina. Michaux. -f .

3. S. foliis pinnatis, superioribus quinatis, foliolis omnibus

sessilibus lanceolatis integerrimis albido-marginatis,
involucro involucellisque nullis. Mich. fl. amer. 1
p. 168.

In wet meadows : Virginia to Carolina. % . July, Aug.
v. v .

245. OENANTHE. Gen.pl. 484.

1. O. foliis omnibus simplicibus filiformibus. Walt. fi.
car. 113.

South Cardina. Walter, .

PENT ANDRIA DIGYNIA.

24 6. PHELLANDRIUM. Gen. pl. 48 5.

i. P. foliorum ramificationibus divaricatis. Willd.sp . p/. 1.
p. 1444.

On the waters of the Rocky-mountain. M. Lewis . 1/.

July. z;. f. z/z Herb. Lewis. The Indians of that
country use it as a medicine in the diseases of horses*

24;. CICUTA. Gen. pi. 486.

1 . C. foliorum serraturis mucronatis, petiolis membranaceis

apice bilobis. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 144 6.

Jeon. Pluk. aim. t.yQ.f. 1.

In wet meadows and ditches : New England to Carolina.
% • July, Aug. v. v.

2. C. foliis faeniculaceis : ramis verticillatim bulbiferis. — •

Willd.sp. pi. 1. p. 1445. exclus. syn. Gronov.

In overflowed meadows and pastures : Canada to New
Jersey. 7/. July. v.v. A very singular small plant,

248. CONIUM. Gen. pi. 4 6g.

1. C. seminibus striatis. Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 13 Q5.

Icon. Jaccj. austr. 156.

In cultivated grounds and near habitations ; probably in-
troduced : New York and Virginia. <$ . June— Aug.
v. v. Very poisonous.

249. CHJEROPHYLLUM. Gen. pi. 4g0.

1. C. seminibus nitidis laevibus, foliis decompositis, caule

procumbente, umbellis paucifloris. Pers. syn. l.p. 320.
Scandix procumbens. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1452.

On shady wet hills, on the foot of mountains : Virginia.
0. May. v.v. A small and scarce plant; I ob-
served it near Hager’s Town, Maryland.

2. C. foliis ternatis, foliolis ovatis acutis subincisis, pedun-

culis geminis, fructibus oblongis. — Pers. syn. l.p. 320.
Sison canadense. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1436.

Common in the woods : Canada to Virginia. 1/ . July,
v. v.

3. C. petiolo tripartito, partialibus 3 — 5-foliolatis, foliolis

oblongo-ovalibus subpinnatifido-Iobatis, umbella pau-
ci-radiata divaricata, fructibus elongatis teretibus Ise-
vigatis.— Pers. syn. 1. p. 320.

o 2

195

aquaticum

maculata .

lulbifera .

maculatum .

procumbens »

canadense .

Clay toni.

i9<5

fentandria DiGYNiA. Chseropbyllum.

Scandix dulcis. Muhlb. Mss.

Myrrhis Claytoni, Midi, ji. amer. 1. p. 170.

In the Allegany and other mountains j New England to
Carolina., 1/ . June, July. v. v. The root has a
very agreeable scent and sweet taste.

sativa.

250. PASTINACA. Gen. pi 4Q4.

1. P. foliis simpliciter pinnatis. Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 14 00.
Common Parsnep is found frequently in a wild state ap-
parently as a native, but certainly originated from
European seeds.

cordatum.

251. SMYRNIUM. Gen. pi 495.

1. S. foliis radicalibus suborbiculato-cordatis crenatis, cau-
linis petiolatis trifoliatis, supremis 3-partitis, umbella
radiis brevibus.— Walt.fl. car. 114.

Thapsia trifoliata. Willd. sp. pi 1. p. 1405.

In woods, frequently on the mountains : New England
to Carolina. 1/ . June, July. v.v. Flowers yellow,
as are all the following.

aureum.

2. S. foliis biternatis, partialium intermedio saepe subquina-
to, foliolis ovali-lanceolaiis serrulatis, umbella brevi»
radiata. — Willd. sp. pi 1. p. 1408.

On the mountains and hills, near banks of rivers : Pen-
sylvania to Carolina. I/. June, July. v.v.

alropurpure -
um.

3. S. foliis omnibus ternatis, foliolis ovatis acutis serratis.
Lam. encyd. 3. p. 667.

S. barbinode. Muhlb. mss.

On dry slate hills : Virginia and Carolina. If. . May— -
July. v. v. Flowers dark purple.

hit e gerri-
mum .

4. S. glaberrimum j foliis glaucis, inferioribus 3-ternatis,
superioribus 2-ternatis, foliolis ovalibus integris, um-
bella radiis paucis setaceo-elongatis.— Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 1408.

On dry hills : New England to Carolina ; scarce. % ,
June. v. v.

nudicaule.

5. S. foliis radicalibus 3-ternatis, foliolis inaequaliter pauci-
dentatis, scapo radicali, umbella radiis elongatis, in-
volucro involucellisque subnullis.

On the Columbia river. M. Lewis. 1/ . April, May,
v. s. in Herb. Lewis. The natives eat the tops of this
plant and boil it in their soups, the same as we use
celery.

PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA.

397

252. SESELI. Gen.pl.4Q2.

1. S. foliis 3-ternatis, foliolis longo-linearibus, umbellis he-
misphaericis, involucellis poly phyllis : foliolis linearibus
longitudine umbellularum.

On the waters of Columbia river. M. Lewis. % . April,
May. v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers deep yellow.
The fusiform root of this species is one of the grateful
vegetables of the Indians: they use it baked or roasted.

253. SALSOLA. Gen. pi. 437.

1. S. herbacea diffusa : foliis triquetro-subulatis mucronatis

lineatis, calycibus marginatis axillaribus .—-Willd. sp.
pi. I. p. 13 iO.

Icon. Pali, illustr. t. 28 & 2Q.

Near the sea-coast, in gravelly dry soil : frequent ;

plentifully in the city of New York. ©. July. v. v.
Flowers very small ; seeds in a membranaceous calyx.

2. S. herbacea, decumbens, glabra ; foliis dilatato-subulatis

spinescentibus, gemmis fructificantibus valde turgidis,
calycibus fructiferis explanato-alatis. Mich.Jl. amer. 1.
p. 1 /4. Walt.Jl. car. 111.

In Carolina. Michaux. -f. Probably only a variety
of the preceding species.

3. S. herbacea, erectiuscula, ramosissima ; foliis linearibus

muticis carnosis, glomerulis confertis subspicatis, ca-
lycibus fructiferis depresso-subrotundis. — Willd. sp.
pl. 1. p. 1312. Mich.Jl. amer, l.p, 174.

Icon. Jacq. hort. 3. t. 83.

On the mouth of the river St. Laurence. Michaux. 0 .

v. s.

4. S. herbacea, humifusa, ramosissima ; ramulis distichis,

foliis succulentis linearibus acutis glabris, floribus ax-
illaribus sessilibus, staminibus exertis.

Sueda prostrata. Pali, illustr . 55. t. 47.

On the volcanic plains of the Missouri. Nuttall. 0,
June. +.

254. CHENOPODIUM. Gen. pl. 435.

1. C. foliis triangulari- sagittatis integerrimis, spicis compo-
sitis aphyllis axillaribus. Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 12QQ.
Icon. Engl. bot. 717.

Jn Virginia. Gronov. 1/ . June— ^ Aug. v. v . I never

triternatum.

Rali.

caroliniana .

salsa.

depressa .

Bonus Hen-
ricus.

19«

murale ,

alium ,

viride.

hy Iridum.

Botrys.

amlrosioides.

anthelmintic

cum.

maritimum.

FENTANBHIA DIGYNIA. Chenopodium.

observed this species myself in America, but it is very
probable it may be found there, as Qronovius asserts.

2. C. foliis ovatis inaequaliter dentatis acutis nitidis, racemis

ramosis cymosis aphyllis.— Willd. sp . pl. 1 . p. 1301.
Frequent on road sides, among rubbish and in gardens,
©. July — Sept. v.v.

3. C. foliis rhomboideo-ovatis erosis postice integris : supe-

rioribus oblongis integerrimis, seminibus laevibus.
Smith Jl. Irit. I. p. 2/3. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p . 1302.
Icon. Engl. lot. 722.

/3. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1303.

In cultivated grounds, near roads and fences : common.
©. July, Aug. v. v.

4. C. foliis cordatis angulato-dentatis acuminatis, racemis

ramosissimis subcymosis divaricatis aphyllis. Smith
fi. Irit. 1. p.275 . Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1303.

Icon. Curt. lond. 4. t. 23.

In wet rocky situations : on the North river near Catskill,
New York. ©. July, Aug. v.v.

5. C. foliis oblongis sinuatis, racemis nudis multifidis.

Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 1304.

On the banks of the Susquehanna, Pensyl vania, and
about Onondago, New York. ©. July, Aug. v. v.
Smell strong, but not disagreeable.

6. C. foliis lanceolatis dentatis, racemis foliatis simplicibus.

Willd. sp. pl. 1 . p. 1304.

Icon. Moris, hist. 2. s. 5. t. 35. f. 8.

In sandy fields : Georgia. ©.July. v.v. Very sweet
scented.

7. C. foliis ovato-oblongis dentatis, spicis longis interruptis

aphyllis. — Willd. sp. pl. i. p. 1304.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 66. f. 76.

On road sides : Pensylvania and Virginia ; plentifully in
the streets of Philadelphia, fi. June — Aug. v. v .
Smells very strong, but not disagreeable to some per-
sons.

8. C. foliis subulatis carnosis semi teretibus, floribus glome-

ratis axillaribus. Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1307-
Icon. Moris, hist. 2.s.5.t.33.f.3.

On the sea-coast of Pensylvania and Virginia. © . July,
Aug. v. v.

PENTANDRIA DIGYN1A,

2 55. ATRIPLEX. Gen.pl. 1577 .

1. A. caule fruticoso, foliis alternis oppositisve oblongo-sub-

rhombeis integerrimis, Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. g57 .

On the sea-coast of Virginia. Gronovius. 1? . v. v. in
Hortis. I take this species up only on the authority of
Gronovius, having never seen it myself as a native of
America.

2. A. caule erecto herbaceo, foliis triangularibus dentatis

concoloribus, calycibus fructus ovatis reticulatis inte-
gerrimis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. qGY.

Frequent in fields and about gardens. 0. July. v. v.

3. A. caule erecto herbaceo, foliis triangularibus profunde

dentatis subtus albidis, calycibus fructus rhombeis tri-
nerviis denticulatis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 963.

Icon. Moris, hist. 2. 5. t. 32. /. 1 7-

Near the sea-coast, on banks of rivers : New York to
Virginia. ©. June — Aug. v.v. Leaves gray.

41 A. caule herbaceo erecto, foliis triangulari-hastatis pro-
funde dentatis concoloribus, calycibus fructus sinuato-
dentatis, dente intermedio elongato. Willd. sp. pl. 1.
p.gQ3.

Frequent about gardens and in fields. 0. July, v, v.

2 56. CANNABIS. Gen. pl. 1522.

1 . C. foliis digitatis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 76 8.

Common hemp is frequently found in fields, apparently
indigenous, though it is one of those plants intro-
duced from Europe. 0 .

2 57. HUMULUS. Gen.pl. 1523.

1. Humulus. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 769.

In deep shady valleys on the mountains and on river sides
in the lower countries, frequent. It is really indi-
genous. 1/ .

258. ULMUS. Gen. pl. 443.

1 . U. ramis laevibus basi inaequalibus : serraturis uncinato-
acuminatis, floribus pedicellatis, fructibus villo den~
sissimo fimbriatis. — Willd.sp.pt. 1. p. 1325.

Icon. Mich. art. t. . . .

m

Halimus,

hortensis *

ladniata. ,

hastata.

sativa.

Lupulus .

americana .

200

PENTANDKIA DIGYNIA, UimUS.

pendula.

nemoralis.

fulva .

alata.

occidentalis.

crassifolia.

pumila .

/3. U. foliis oblongis glabriusculis, ramis pendulis. Jit.
lew. 1. p.SJQ.

Common in all low lands and woods : New England to
Carolina. Tj . April, v. v. Known by the name of
White Elm.

2. U. foliis oblongis glabriusculis aequaliter serratis basi sub-

aequalibus, floribus sessilibus. Ait. keiv. i. p. 31 9.

U. campestris. Walt.fl. car. ill?

On the banks of rivers : New England to Virginia ;
scarce. ^ • April, May. v.v, River Elm.

3. U. ramis scabris albidis, foliis ovato-obiongis acuminatis

basi subaequalibus, inaequaliter serratis utrinque pu-
bescentibus scaberrimis, gemmis lana densa fulva to-
mentosis, floribus sessilibus. — Mich. jl. amer, l,

p. 172.

Icon. Mich. ari. t. . . .

On mountains from Canada to Pensylvania. I? . May.
v. v. Red Elm. Slippery Elm. The viscous inside
bark is used by the natives as a healing salve.

4. U. ramis utrinque alato-suberosis, foliis oblongo-ovalibus

sensim acutis basi subaequalibus, fructu pubescente
cilioso. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 1/3.

U. pumila. Walt.fl. car. 111.

Icon. Mich. ari. t. . . .

In sandy low woods : Virginia and Carolina. \ • April.
v. v. Whahoo.

259. CELTIS. Gen.pl. 15gi.

1. C. foliis ovatis acuminatis aequaliter serratis basi inaequa-

libus supra scabris, subtus hirtis? fructu solitario.—
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 994.

Icon. Duham. ari. 1. t. 53. Mich. ari. t. . . .

In woods and near rivers ; Canada to Carolina. Tj . May.
v. v. Nettle-tree. Berries dark purple.

2. C. foliis ovatis acuminatis inaequaliter serratis basi inae-

qualiter cordatis subcoriaceis utrinque scabris, pedun-
culis subbifloris. — Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. QQ5.

C. cordifolia. Duham . 2. t. Q.

In woods and near rivers : Virginia, Kentucky, and
Tennassee. T? . May. v. v. Known by the name
of Haglerry or Hoop- ash.

3. C. foliis ovatis acuminatis «qualiter serratis basi inaequa-?

FENTANDRIA DIGYNIA. CeltlS.

201

libus utrinque glabrinsculis : junioribus tantum pu-
bescentibus, pedunculis subtrifioris, fructu solitario.
On the banks of rivers : Maryland and Virginia. T2 .
May. v. v. A small straggling bush ; berries ovate,
black.

III. TR TG YNIA .

260. VIBURNUM. Gen. pl. 503.

X. V. glabrum j ramis patentissimis, foliis subrotundis cre-
nato- serratis, petiolis laevibus, cymis sessilibus, fructi-
bus rotundatis. — TVilld. sp . pi. I . p. 1847«

Icon. P Ink. aim. t. 46. fi 2. Duham. 2. t.3 8.

Common in hedges and fields: New England to Caro-
lina. Pj . May, June. v. v. Berries dark blue j flow-
ers, as all the following species, white.

2. V. glabrum ; foliis ovatis subacutis subserratis, petiolis

laevibus, fructibus ovato-oblongis cymis subpeduncu-
latis. — Lam. encycl. 8. p. 653.

On the banks of rivers : Pensylvania, New Jersey, &c.
Pj . May, June. v. v. Resembles the former, but is
not so straggling in its growth berries black.

3. V. glabrum ; foliis lato-ovatis acuminatis uncinato-ser-

ratis, petiolis marginatis undulatis, cymis sessilibus. —
Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. J4gi.

Frequent among hedges and on borders of woods : New
England to Carolina. P? * July* v- v • Is more in-
clined to grow to a tree than any of the rest j berries
black.

4. V. glaberrimum ; foliis ovalibus margine revoluto sub-

integerrimis, petiolis laevibus, cymis ebracteatis pedun-
culatis. — Willd . sp. pl. l.p. 1487-
Icon. Mill. ic. 274.

In swamps, particularly on sandy soil : Canada to Geor-
gia. Pj . May, June. v. v. Berries black ■, in the
Southern States it becomes an evergreen ; the young
branches are ferruginous and sometimes the leaves on
their under surface.

5. V. glabram ; foliis obovatis crenato-dentatis seu integer-

rimis obtusis, umbellis sessilibus, fructibus ovato-sub-
rotandis,— Lam. encycl. 8. p. 658. IFalt.jl. car. 1 16.

pruni/ olium.

pyrifolium.

Lent ago.

nudum.

olovatwm.

202

PENTANDRJ A TRIGYNIA. Viburnum.

punicifolium.

cassinoides.

lasvigatum.

nitidum .

dentatum ,

pubescens.

lantanoides.

V. cassinoides. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 179.

/3.V. foliis obovatis integris seu apice laxe crenatis obtusis.
Hort. par. 115.

In shady woods : Carolina and Georgia. Tj . May, June.
v. s.

6. V. glabrum ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis utrinque acutis cre-

natis margine subrevolutis, petiolis carinatis eglandula-
tis. — Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 1491.

In swamps : New York to Carolina. J? • dune, July.
v. v. Berries blueish-black.

7. V. foliis lanceolatis laevibus remote-serratis basi inte-

gerrimis, ramulis ancipitibus. — IVilld. sp. pi. 1.
p. 1492.

Icon. Mill. ic. t. 83./. 1.

Near the sea-coast : Virginia and Carolina. . June,
July. v.v. Berries black.

8. V. glaberrimum j foliis lineari-Ianccolatis supra nitidis

obsolete serratis integrisve j ramis tetragonis. — Willd.
sp.pl. 1. p. 1492.

In sandy barren woods : Carolina and Georgia. . v.v.
sjl. A low shrub with small leaves.

9. V. glabriusculum ; foliis suborbiculatis ovatisque acutis

dentato-serratis plicato-sulcatis utrinque glabris, cymis
pedunculatis, fructibus subglobosis.- — Willd. sp. pi. 1 .
p. 1488.

Icon. Jacq. hort. t. 36.

In mountain woods ; frequent : New York to Carolina.
. June, July. v. v. Berries dark blue ; known by
the name of Arrow-wood.

10. V. pubescens; foliis ovalibus acuminatis dentato-serratis
plicato-sulcatis subtus villoso-tomentosis, cymis pe-
dunculatis, fructibus oblongis.

V. dentatum pubescens. Ait. kew. 1. p. 1(58.

V. dentatum tomentosum. Mich.Ji. amer . 1. p. 179*

In the lower parts of Virginia and Carolina, • June.
v. v. The whole of the shrub smaller than the pre-
ceding one.

1. V. petiolis nervisque pulverulento-tomentosis, foliis am-
plis suborbiculato-cordatis abrupte acuminatis inaequa-
liter serratis, serraturis muticis, cymis arcte sessilibus,
fructibus ovatis. — Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 179-
V. Lantana grandi folium. Ait. hew. 1. p. 1(58.

In shady woods on high mountains : Canada to Virginia;
principally in the forests called Beech-woods. F? »

PENT ANDRIA TR1GYNIA. V&bumum.

June, July. v. v. Berries red, but when ripe black $
known by the, name of Hobble-lush.

12. V. ramulis petiolisque pilosis eglandulosis, foliis subcor-

dato-ovatis trilobisve acuminatis argute-serratis subtus
pubescentibus, cymis longe-pedunculatis. — IVilld. sp.
pi. 1. p . 1489.

Icon. Vent. hort. cels. t. 72.

In rocky mountainous situations : New England to Ca-
rolina. I? . May, June. v. v. Berries black.

13. V. foliis suborbiculato-cordatis plicato-sulcatis dentatis

subtus pubescentibus, petiolis subgland ulosis, cymis
radiatis, fructibus obiongo-ovatis. Mich. JL. amer . l.
p. 180.

V. alnifolium. Marsh, ari. 162.

In hedges : Kentucky near Danville. Michaux. Ten-
nassee and Upper Carolina. Pj • June, July. v. s.
Berries red ; resembles the following species.

14. V. foliis trilobatis postice acutis 3-nervibus: lobis diva-

ricatis promisse acuminatis rari ter dentatis, petiolis
glandulosis, cymis radiatis.

V. Opulus americanum. Ait. kew. 1. p. 168.

V. Opulus Pimina. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 180.

V. trilobum. Marsh, ari. 162.

In swamps and shady woods : Canada ; on the moun-
tains of New York and New Jersey. P? . July. v. v.
Berries red, of an agreeable acid ; resembling that of
Cranberries, Vaccinium macrocarpon, for which they
are a very good substitute.

15. V. foliis trilobatis, postice obtusiusculis 3-nervibus : lo-

bis brevissimis denticulato-serratis, serraturis acumi-
natis, petiolis glandulosis, cymis radiatis.

V. Opulus edule. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 180.

On the banks of rivers : Canada to New York. P? . July,
v.v. A smaller and more upright shrub than the pre-
ceding species ; berries the same colour and size, but,
when completely ripe, more agreeable to eat.

261. SAMBUCUS. Gen.pl. 5 05.

1. S. ramulis petiolisque glaberrimis, foliolis sub-4 -jugis
oblongo-ovalibus nitidis glabris acuminatis : nervo
medio subpubescente, basi interdum appendicularis,
cymis laxis 5-fidis . — Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1494,
fpon. Schmidt ari . 142.

203

acerifolium.

molle.

Oxycoccos.

edule .

canadensis .

204

ituicscens.

typhinum.

glabrum .
coccineum.

mridiflorum.

pumilum.

PENTA.NDKIA TRIGYNIA. SambucUS.

Jn swamps and near hedges : Canada to Carolina. Iq •
* June, July. v. v. Berries dark purple or black.

2. S. cortice verrucoso, foliolis 2-jugis ovali-lanceolatis sub-
tus pubescentibus, cymis confertis racemosis. — Mich,
fi. amer. 1 . p. 181.

On the highest mountains from Canada to Carolina.
fq • July. v. v. Berries red 5 resembles S. racemosa
very much.

262. RHUS. Gen. pi. 502.

1. R. subarborescens ; ramis petiolisque villosissimis, foliis

pinnatis multijugis, foliolis lanceolato-oblongis argute
serratis subtus sublomentosis, — Wiltd. sp. pl. 1.
p. 1478.

Icon. Duham. 2. t. 4/.

In rocky dry situations : Canada to Virginia. 1q . July,
Aug. v. v. The purple velvety berries appear in
large close clusters.

2. R. undique glabrum ; foliis pinnatis multijugis, foliolis

lanceolato-oblongis serratis subtus albicantibus, fructi-
bus holosericeis. — JVilld.sp.pl. 1. p. 1478.

/3. R. elegans. Ait. hew. 1. p. 162. Catesl. car. appen. t . 4.
Icon. Dill. ellh. t. 243. f. 314. Catesb. cur. 3. t. 4.
Common in old fields and along fences : Few England
to Carolina. \q . July, Aug. v. v Berries red ;
flowers greenish-red ; in var. (3. scarlet.

3. R. glabriuscuium ; foliis pinnatis multijugis, foliolis lan-

ceolato-oblongis serratis subtus sublomentosis, racemis
erectis herbaceis.— Lam. encycl. 7. p . 504.

R. canadense. Mill. diet. no. 5.

On the edges of woods, in dry sunny situations : Pen-
sylvania and Virginia. Iq . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers
yellowish-green ; probably not much more than a va-
riety of the foregoing species.

4. R. humile 5 ramis petiolisque pubescentibus, foliis pin-

natis multijugis, foliolis ovalibus vix acuminatis aut
muticis inciso-dentatis subtus tomemosis, fructibus
holosericeis. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 182.

In Upper Cardina. ]q . July. v. s. in Herb. Lyon.;
v. v. in Hortis. Not above a foot high : it is the most
poisonous of the genus, according to informatibn
from Mr. J. Lyon, who, by collecting the seed of
this species, got poisoned all over his body, and wa§
lamed for a considerable time'.

PENTANDRIA. TRIG Y N1 A. K'fauS.

205

5. R. arborescens, glaberrimum ; foliis pinnatis multijugis, Pernix.

foliolis ovalibus abrupte acuminatis integris, panicula
laxa, floribus dioicis, fructibus glabris.—* -Willd. sp.
pl.l.p. 1479-

Icon. Dill.eUh. t. 2g2. f 377* Ptuk. aim. t. 145. f. 1.

In low copses: Canada to Carolina, fj-. July. v.v.

Berries white.

R. ramis punctatis, foliis pinnatis multijugis (5—6) ,
foliolis ovali-lancaolatis integerrimis supra lucidis, pa-
nicula foliosa, racemis sessilibus/ floribus dioicis. — -
Willd sp. pi. l. p. 1480.

Icon, ffort. schcenbr . 341. Pluh. aim . t. 56. f. 1.

In dry fields and woods, particularly sandy soil : New
Jersey to Carolina. Pj . July, v , v, 1 Berries red.
The leaves of this species are used as tobacco by the
Indians of the Missouri and Mississippi.

Copallinum .

7. R. radicans ; foliis ternatis, foliolis ventricoso-ovalibus Toxicoden *

integris aut sinuate-crenatis, racemis rameis et axilla- dron.
ribus sessilibus dioicis. — Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1481.

Midi. Jl. amer. 1. p. 183.

a. R. radicante-scandens ; foliolis amplis integris seu rariter vulgare,
dentatis. Mich. I. c.

R. radicans Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1481.
fi. R. erectum, humile ; foliolis varie sinuato-lobatis, sub quercifolium.
Roratione tomentosis. Mich. I. c.

y. R. foliolis oblongo-ovalibus longe acuminatis subrhom- microcarpon,
boideis, fructu multo minore Midi. L c.

Common in all woods, fields, and along fences : Canada
to Georgia. Pj . June, July. v.v. Berries white;
known by the name Poison-oak or Poison-vine. There
is no doubt but R . radicans and Toxicodendron are
only local varieties.

8. R. fruticulosum, amentaceum, nudiflorum ; foliis terna- aromaticum »

tis, foliolis rhombeo-ovalibus dentatis subtus pubes-
centibus, floribus dioicis. — Willd. sp. pl. 1. p. 1482.

R. canadense. Marsh, arb. 12 9.

Jeon. Turbin in annat. di( mus hist. nat. 5. p . 445. t. 30.

In rocky situations, about sjprings : Pensylvania, Caroli-
na, and Kentucky. . May, June. v. v. Flowers
yellow, in catkins, which g>ve it quite a different ap-
pearance from the habitus of the genus. Myrica tri-
foliata Hort. is the same with R suaveolens Ait. and
is nothing more than the male plant of this species.

Berries brown.

206
trifolia ,

cistoides.

urgent ea .

linearis.

elliptica,

dent ala.

albus.

fENTANDKIA TRIGONIA.

I

263. STAPHYLEA. Gen.pl. 507 .

1, S. foliis trifoliatis : racemis pendulis, petalis inferne cill-
atis, fructu ovato. — Willd. sp. pi. I. p. 1498.

Icon. Schmidt arb. 81.

On the side of dry hills, in rocky situations : New York
to Upper Carolina. ^ • May, June. v.v. Flowers
white.

264. TURNER A. Gen. pi. 5 14.

1 . T. hirsuta ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis obtuse dentato-sef-
ratis, pedunculis axillaribus folio brevioribus. — Willd.
sp. pi. I. p. 1605.

Icon. Plum. ic. t. 150. f 1. Sloan, jam. 1. t. 12 7-f7>

In dry sandy woods, near the town of Savannah, Geor-
gia. Enslen. ©. July, v.s.in Herb. Enslen. Flow-
ers yellow, resembling those of Cistus carolinianus.

2 65. CROTONOPSIS. Mich, Jl. amer. 2. p. 185.

l.C. caule erecto dichotome ramosissima, foliis supra
steilato-pilosis, subtus argenteo-lepidotis.

a. C. foliis lineari-ianceolatis. Willd. sp. pi. 4. p. 380. Mich.
Jl. amer. 2. p. 186.

jS. C. foliis ellipticis utrinque obtusis. Willd. 1. c.

In sandy soil near the sea-coast, Illinois country and on
the Missouri. ©.July. v.v. Flowers very minute.

266. KOCHIA. Roth in Schrad.journ. 1800. p. 30/.

1. K. foliis lanceolatis sinuato-dentatis, caule erecto ramo-
sissimo.— Willd. hort. berol. 1. t. 28.

Salsola radiata. Desf. in annul, mus. nat. p. 28. t. 34.

Saisola platyphylla. Mich. Jl, amer. l.p. 174.

On the banks of the Mississippi, in the Illinois country.

0 . June. v. v. This plant has the aspect of a Che -
nopodium in every part.

26/. AMARANTHUS. Gen. pi. 1431.

L A. glomerulis axillaribus triandris, foliis obovatis retu-
sis, caule tetragono simplici. Willd. sp. pl. 4 .
p. 382.

Icon. Willd. amaranth, t. l.f',2.

A common weed in the gardens, © . May'»— Sept. v. v.

FENTANDKIA TR1GYNIA» AmaranthuS.

2. A. glomerulis axillaribus triandris, floribus trifidis, foliis

obovatis emarginatis, caule teretiusculo ramoso. JVilld.
sp. pl. 4. p. 382.

Icon. JVilld . amaranth, t. 4./ 7-

In cultivated grounds : Virginia. ©. Aug. v. v.

3. A. glomerulis triandris subspicatis rotundatis, foliis ellip-

ticis retusis, caule erecto. WilldL. amaranth, p. 20.
t. 1./. 1.

In similar situations : Virginia. ©.June — Aug. v. v.

4. A. glomerulis triandris subspicatis, floribus triphyllis,

foliis ovatis retusis, caule diffuso. JVilld. sp. pl. 4.
p. 38 7.

Frequently a very troublesome weed in gardens. © .
June — Sept. v. v.

5. A. glomerulis axillaribus geminis triandris, floribus mas-

culis triphyllis, foliis ellipticis emarginatis margine un-
dulatis. JVilld. amaranth. 18. t. S.f. 10.

Frequently found on road sides and among rubbish. © .
July, Aug. v. v.

6. A. racemis pcntandris decomposes congestis erectis, fo-

liis ovato-lanceolatis. JVilld. amaranth, p. 2(5. t. g.

/. 17.

Common in cultivated grounds : New York to Carolina.
©. June — Sept. v. v .

7. A. racemis pentandris supradecompositis, ramis patenti»

bus pubescentibus, foliis ovato-lanceolatis. JVilld .

amaranth. 32. t. 2. f. 2.

Among rubbish and in cultivated grounds : Pensylvania
to Virginia. ©. Aug. v. v.

8. A. racemis pentandris supradecompositis erectis, ramis

patentibus glabris, foliis oblongis acutis. JVilld.
amaranth. 31 . t. 2. f. 3.

In cultivated fields: Virginia and Carolina. Q. July.

v. v.

g. A. racemis pentandris supradecompositis confertis erec-
tis, ramis pubescentibus, foliis ovatis undulatis. JVilld .
amaranth. 33. t . 11. f 21.

In cultivated grounds and on road sides : Pensylvania to
Virginia. ©. June— Aug. v.v.

10. A. racemis pentandris compositis confertis erectis, foliis
oblongo-lanceolatis mucronatis. JVilld. amaranth. 80.
Common in fields of Virginia. 0. July, Aug.

Leaves red.

207

grcccizans.

lividus .
Blitum ,

viridis .

hybridas,

paniculatuss

sanguineus

relrqfleccds,

hypochondrV
acus .

v. v .

20S

spinosus.

cannabina.

ruscocarpa.

palustris .

caroliniana.

asarifolia .

pentandria trigynia. Amaranths.

H. A. racemis pentandris terminalibus compositis, axilHs
spinosis. Willd . amaranth. 38. t. 4 .f. 8.

On road sides and among rubbish 5 frequent. © . June
— Sept. v. v .

268. ACNIDA. Gen. pi. 1521. Mich.Jl. amer. I.p. 233.

1. A. foliis lanceolatis, capsulis laeviusculis acutangulis.

Willd. sp. pi. 4. p . 767.

On the banks of rivers and in marshes near the sea-coast :
New England to Carolina. © - July, Aug. v. v.

2. A. foliis ovali-lanceolatis, capsulis obtusangulis rugosis.

Willd. sp. pi. 4. p. 767.

Icon. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. t. 50.

In close swamps, on the banks of rivers among bushes :
Virginia. 0. July, Aug. v. s. in Herb. Lyon.
Very tall and robust.

IV. TETRAG YNIA.

2 69. PARNASSIA. Gen. pi. 523.

1. P. foliis radicalibus cordatis, nectariis multisetis. — Willd.

sp. pi. 1 . p. 1510.

Icon. FI. dan. 584. Engl. lot. 82.

In bog meadows : Pensylvania and Virginia.. 2/. July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers white, with netted veins of
green or pale purple.

2. P. foliis radicalibus suborbiculatis, nectariis trisetis. Mich.

Jl. amer. 1 . p. 184.

Icon. Bot. mag. 145Q.

In swamps and mosses : New York to Virginia. 2/ .
July, Aug. v. v. Flower the same as No. 1.

3. P. foliis radicalibus reniformibus, petalis unguiculatis,

nectariis trifidis. Vent, malmais. 39. t. 39.

On high mountains in Virginia and Carolina. 2/ . July,
Aug. v. v. Larger in leaves and flowers than the
preceding species.

jPENTANDRI A PENTAGYNIA.

20 g

V . PENTAGYNIA.

2;o. ARALIA. Gen.pl. 525.

3. A subacaulis, unifoliata ; folio triternato vel triquinato :
foliolis oblongo- ovalibus, scapo nudo folio breviore,
umbeilulis paucis .-—IVilld. sp. pi. 1. p. 1521.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 238. f 5.

In shady rocky woods : Canada to Carolina, i/ . May,
June. v. v. Commonly called Sarsaparilla , and as
such used in the shops.

2. A. divaricato-ramosa ; petiolis 3-partitis, partitionibus

3— 5-foliolatis, foliolis plerisque cordati.^ ramulis ax-
illaribus foliosis, umbeilulis pluribus subpaniculatis su-
perne aphyllis. — IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 1521.

Icon. Cold, canad. t. 75. Moris . hist. 1. s. 1. t. 2 .f Q.
In rocky and shady situations: Canada to Virginia. % .
June — Sept. v.v. Known by the name of Spike-
nard, and highly esteemed as a medicine.

3. A. humilis, suffruticosa ; caulibus petiolisque setis his-

pidis, foliis duplicato-pinnatis, foholis ovatis inciso-
serratis inermibus glabris, umbeilulis longissime pe-
- dunculatis,— Mich.Ji. orner. 1 . p. 185.

Icon. Bot. mag. 1085. Vent. hort. cels. 41.

In stony woods : Canada, New England, &c. On high
mountains : Pensylvania, Virginia. ^ • June, July.
v. v. Called Wild Elder.

4. A. caule arborescente foliisque spinosis, foliis duplicato-

pinnatis, foliolis leviter serratis, panicula ramosissima,
umbellis numerosis. — IVilld. sp. pl. 1. p. 1520.
jS. A. caule spinoso glauco, foliis inermibus.

Icon. Schmidt ark. 102 CS* 103. Comm. hort. 1. t. 47-
In fertile low woods of Lower Virginia and Carolina,
likewise in the Illinois country, h . Aug. Sept, v. v.
Known by the name of Angelica-tree. The berries
used in an infusion of wine or spirits are a remarkable
medicine for relieving rheumatic pains. The var. (3 .
was found near Charlestown, South Carolina ; I have
not seen its flowers.

271. ZANTHOXYLUM. Gen.pl. 1512.

1. Z. aculeatum; foliis pinnatis, foliolis bvali-lanceolatis
subintegerrimis sessilibus basi aequalibus, petiolo com-
vol. i. r

nudieaulis.

racemosa .

hispida .

spinosa.

inermis.

fraxineum .

210

tricarpon.

usitatissi-
mum.

JLewisii .

virginicum.

rigidum.

rotundifolia,

FENTANDSUA PENTAGYNI A. ZailtllOXylum.

muni inermi, umbellis axillaribus. — Willd . .sp. p/. 4
p. 754.

Z. Clava Herculis /3. Ziwrc. sp.pl. 1455.

Z. ramiflorum. Mich.fi. amer. 2. p. 235.

Icon. Duham. arb . 1. t. 97.

In shady woods, near rivers : Canada to Virginia and
Kentucky. Tj . April, May. v. v. A tincture of
the bark and capsules is recommended in rheumatism
and tooth-ach, from w hich its name Tootk-ach-tree.

2. Z . aculeatum ; foliis pinnatis, foliolis petiolatis oblongo-
ovalibus acuminatis serrulatis basi obliquis, petiolo
communi aculeato, capsulis ternis sessilibus. — Midi,
fi. amer. 2. p. 235.

In woods of Carolina and Florida. Michaux. T? . July.
v. v. in Hortis.

272. LINUM. Gen. pi. 528.

1. L. foliolis calycinis ovatis acutis trinervibus, petalis cre-

natis, foliis lanceolatis alternis, caule subsolitario.—
Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 1533.

Icon. Engl. lot. 13 57.

Common flax is frequently found in old fields, appa-
rently indigenous. ©.June, July. v.v. Flowers blue.

2. L. foliolis calycinis ovatis acuminatis, petalis cuneatis

apice rotundatis, foliis sparsis lanceolato-linearibus
mucronatis, caulibus altis numerosis.

In the valleys of the Rocky-mountains and on the banks
of the Missouri. M. Lewis. lJ..Ju\y. v.v. Flow-
ers large, blue j a very good perennial, and it probably
might become an useful plant if cultivated.

3. L. foliolis calycynis acutis panicula terminali, floribus

remote alternis, foliis lineari- lanceolatis sparsis : radi-
calibus ovatis. — Willd. sp.pl. l.p. 1538.

On dry sunny hills and fields : New York to Virginia.
©. July, Aug. v. v. Flowers small, yellow.

4. L. foliolis palycinis ovatis acuminatis trinervibus ciliatis,

petalis oblongis angustissimis, foliis rigide-erectis line-
aribus brevibus.

On the Missouri. Nuttall. v. s. Flowers sulphur-
yellow^.

273. DROSERA. Gen. pl. 531.

i. D. scapis radicatis simplicibus, foliis suborbi culatis basi
attenuatis, petiolis elongatis pilosis.-— Willd. sp.pl. 1
p. 1543. Mich.fi, amer. 1. p. 186.

FENT.ANDRIA PENTAGYXIA. DrOSera.

Icon. FI. dan. 1023.

In swamps filled with sphagnum, as all the following
species, generally on sandy or gravelly ground. 2/ .
July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white; a very delicate
and curious plant, as are all the rest of this genus.

2. D. scapis radicatis simplicibus, foliis spathulato-obovatis,

petiolis elongatis nudis.' — Willd . sp. pl. 1. p. 1544.
Mich.Jt. amer. 1. p. 180.

Icon. Engl. lot. 808. Moris, hist. 1. s. 15. t. 4. f 2.

In similar situations : Canada to Carolina. 2/ . July. v. v .

3. D. pusilla ; scapis radicatis simplicibus, foliis brevibus

cuneatis vix petiolatis, petalis ovalibus.

In sandy swamps of Georgia. Enslen. ©.June. v.s.
in Herb . Enslen. The smallest of all the species
known j flowers rose-coloured.

4. D. scapis radicatis subramosis, foliis filiformibus longis-

simis.

In the pine-barrens of New Jersey near Tuckerton.

11 . June. v. v. Flowers large, purple.

Radix: Hybernaculum squamosum, extus ferrugineo-
lanuginosum. Folia primordialia glabra, dilatato-
suhulata ; secundaria radicalia spiraliter erumpentia,
angustissime linearia subtus glabra, supra pilis ru-
bris viscidis tecta, g — 12 pollices longa. Scapi erecti,
pedales et ultra, teretes, glabri, interdum vivipari,
bulbiferi. Racemus spicatus, unilateralis, recurvatus,
simplex seu ramosus. Flores pedicellati, erecti, magni,
purpurei. Styli sex, interdum novem.

This elegant species 1 discovered about 1805, in the
place above mentioned : this extensive swamp, inter-
spersed with barren sand hills, might be called a natu-
ral botanic garden, uniting a number of southern plants
with those of the north, as mentioned in the preface.

274. SIBBALDIA. Gen. pl. 530.

1. S. erecta, foliis linearibus multifidis. Willd. sp.pl. 1.

p. \5Qy.

Icon. Amm.rulln. t. 15.

On the banks of the Missouri. Nuttall. 2/. July.
v. s. in Herb. Nuttall. Flowers small, flesh-coloured.

2. S. procumbens, foliis tridentatis. Willd. sp. pl. 1.

p. 1507.

Icon. FI. dan. 32. Pink. aim. t. 212. /. 3.

On the Missouri. Nuttall. On high mountains of Ca-
nada and Vermont. 2/. April, v.s. Flowers yellow.

211

longifolia .

Irevifolia.

Jiliformis .

erecta .

procumbens .

212

Armeria.

caroliniana.

coccinea.

EENTANDRI A PENTAGYNIA.

275. STATICE. Gen. pi. 517 .

1. S. scapo simplici capitato, foliis linearibus planis obtusis,

Willd.sp.pl. 1. p. 1522.

Icon. Engl. hot. 226. Thrift. Sea Gilliflower :

On rocks near the sea-shore : Pensylvania to Virginia.
July, Aug. v.v. Flowers rose-coloured.

2. S. scapo tereti, panicula divaricato-ramosissima, calyci-

bus acutis, foliis lanceolato-oblongis obtusiusculis gla-
bris margine planis. — Walt. Jl. car. 118.

In salt-marshes along the sea-coast : New Jersey to Ca-
rolina. 11 . Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers blue $ re-
sembles St. gm elini in some respects.

VI. POL YGYNIA.

2 76. ZANTHORHIZA. Gen.pl 1581.

1. Zanthorhiza. Willd. sp.pl. 1. p. 1568,

Zanthorhiza simplicissima. Marsh, arh. 168.

Icon. L'Herit. stirp. 1. t. 38.

On shady banks of rivers : Virginia to Georgia. ^ .
May. v. v. A small shrub with compound leaves,
and small dark-purple flowers in panicles.

277- SCHISANDRA. Mich.jl. amer. 2. p. 218.

1. S. glabra, foliis lanceolato-ovalibus utrinque acutis rari-
ter subdentatis. Mich. jl. amer. 2. p. 21 9.

Icon. Mich. 1. c. t. 4 7- Bot. mag. 1413.

In shady woods of Carolina and Georgia.

v. v. A handsome climbing plant } flowers scarlet.

/

•s

VI. HEXANDRXA

I. MONOGYNIA.

* Flores calyculati .

2y 8. BURM ANNIA. Cal. inferus, 1-phyllus, prismati-
cus, coloratus. Pet. 3. Caps. 3-locularis. Sem.
minuta.

2 79. TILLANDSIA. Cal. inferus, 3-fidus, persistens.

Cor. 3-fida, tubulosa. Caps. 1 — 3-locularis. Sem.
comosa.

280. TRADESCANTIA. Cal. inferus, 3-phyllus. Pet. 3 .

Filam. villis articulatis. Caps. 3-locularis.

281. DIPHYLLEJA. Cal. inferus, 3-phyllus, deciduus.

Pet. 6. calyce opposita. Anth. membrana a basi ad
apicem solubili dehiscentes. Bac. 1-locularis. Sem.
2-3. subrotunda.

282. CAULOPHYLLUM. Cal. inferus, 6-phyllus. Pet. 6.

calyce opposita. Anth. loculis margine dehiscentes.
Drupa 1-sperma.

283. EERBERIS. Cal. inferus, 6-phyllus, extus 3-brac-

teatus. Pet. 6. ad ungues glandulis 2. Styl. 0.
Stigm. umbilicatum. Bac. 1-locularis, 2— 4-sperma,

284. PRINOS. Cal. inferus, 6- fidus. Cor. 1 -petala, ro-

tata, 3 — 7-fida. Bac. 6-sperma. Dioicus.

285. GLEDITSCH1A. $ . Cal, 4-fidus. Pet. 4. Legu-

men. g . Cal. 3-phyllus. Pet. 3. $ . Cal. 5-

phy Ilus. Pet. 5. Legumen. Polygama.

** Flores spathacei.

286. PANCRATIUM. Cor. supera, infundibuliformis :

tubo longo. Nectar, campanulatum, 12-fidum.
Siam, nectario imposita.

287. AMARYLLIS. Cor. supera, campanulata. Stam

inaequalia. Pist. declinatum.

214

HEXANDRIA.

!

288. ALLIUM. Cor. infera, 6-partita, patens. Spatha

multiflora. Umbella congesta. Capsula.

289. BRODIiEA. Cor. infera, campanulata, 6*partita.

Filam. fauci inserta. Germ, pediceilatum. Caps. 3-
locularis : loculis polyspermis.

290. PONTEDERIA. 6’or. infera, 6-fida, bilabiata. Stam.

3. summo, 3. medio tubo corollae inserta. Caps. 3-
locularis.

291. HYPOXIS. Cor. supera, 6-partita, persistens. Spa-

tha 2-valvis. Caps, elongata. Sem. subrotunda,
nuda.

Flores nudi.

292. CONOSTYLIS. Cor. semi-supera, 6-fida, persistens,

lanata pilis ramulosis. Anth. erectae. Stylus conicus,
tripartibilis. Stigm. simplex. Caps, apice dehis-
cens, 3-locularis, polysperma.

293. ALETRIS. Cor. semi-supera, tubulosa, 6-fida, rugo-

sa, persistens. Stam. summo tubo inserta. Stylus
triqueter, tripartibilis. Caps, apice dehiscens, 3-lo-
cularis, polysperma.

294. AGAVE. Cor. supera, 6-fida : limbo erecto. Filam.

corolla longiora, erecta.

295. PHALANGIUM. Cor. infera, 6-partita. Stam. fi-

lamentis filiformibus, nudis. Sem. angulata.

296. NARTHECIUM. Cor. infera, 6-petala, patens.

Filam. filiformia, hirsuta. Caps, prismatica, 3-locu-
laris, polysperma. Sem . utrinque arillo subulato
instructa.

297. ORNITHOGALUM. Cor. infera, 6-partita. Filam.

3. alterna basi dilatata. Caps, subrotunda, 3-locula-
ris. Sem. subrotunda, nuda. -

298. YUCCA. Cor. infera, campanulata, laciniis non nec-

tariferis. Filam. clavata. Styl. 0. Caps, oblonga,
obtuse 3-gona. Sem. plana.

299. LILIUM. Cor. infera, 6-petala, campanulata : linea

longitudinali nectarifera. Stam. stylo breviora.
Stigm indivisum. Caps. 3-gona. Sem. plana.

300. FRITILLARi A. Cor. infera, 6-petala, campanulata,

laciniis rectis supra ungues cavitate nectarifera. Stam .
longitudine corollae. Sem. plana.

301. ERYTHRONIUM. Cor. infera, 6-petala, campa-

nulata, laciniis a medio reflexis, 3. interioribus basi
intus 2. callosis. Caps, subglobosa. Sem. oblonga.

302. UVULARIA. Cor. infera, 6-petala, campanulata,

laciniis rectis, unguibus fovea nectarifera excavatis.

MEXANDRIA» 2l£

Filam. brevissima. Stigm. reflexa. Caps, trigona*

3-valvis : valvis medio septiferis, Sem. plura* sub-
globosa, ad hilum arillata.

303. STREPTQPUS. Cor. infera, 6-petala, subcampami-

lata. Stigm. brevissima. Bacca subglobosa, laevi-
gata, carthacea, 3-locularis. Sem. pauca, hilo nudo.

304. CON VALLARIA. Cor. infera, 6-fida, campanulata.

Stam. corolla breviora, ad basin inserta. Bacca glo-
bosa, 3-locularis : loculis 1-2-spermis. Scapus ra-
cemosus.

305. SMJLACINA. Cor. infera, 6-partita, patens. Filam.

divergentia, laciniarum basi infixa. Bacca globosa,

3-locularis. Flores terminales paniculati s. subum-
bellati.

306. POLYGONATUM. Cor. infera, 6-fida, cylindrica.

Filam. tubo superne inserta. Bacca globosa, 3-locu-
laris : loculis 2-spermis. Flores axillares.

307. ASPARAGUS, Cor. infera, 6-partita, erecta : pe-

talis 3. interioribus apice reflexis. Bacca 3-locularis,
polysperma. Folia fasciculata.

**** Flores incompleti.

308. ORONTIUM. Spadix cylindricus, flosculis tectus.

Spatha 0. Cal. 6-partitus. Stigm. 2 -fidum. Follicu-
lus 1-spermus.

309. ACORUS. Spadix cylindricus, flosculis tectus. Cal.

6-partitus. Stigm. punctum prominens. Caps. 3-
locularis, 3-sperma.

310. JUNCUS. Cal. inferus, 6-partitus, aequalis. Stigm.

3-lobum. Caps. 1 -locularis, polysperma.

311. PEPLIS. Cal. inferus, 12-fidus. Caps. 2-locularis,

polysperma.

II. DIGYNIA.

312. NECTRIS. Cal . 6-partitusb laciniis 3. interioribus

petaloideis minoribus obtusis. Utriculi bini 1-2-
spermi. Sem. globosa.

III. TRIGYNIA.

313. SABAL. Spathae partiales. Filam. libera, basi in-

crassata. Bacca 1-sperma. Sem. osseum.

314. C H A M iE R O P S . Spatha compressa. Spadix ramo-

2l5

HEXANDMIA.

sus, Cal. 3-partitus. Pet. 3. Filam. submonadel- !
pha. JDrupce 3. monospermae. Polygama.

315. NOLINEA. Cor. 6-partita, patens: laciniis subae-

qualibus. Styl. brevissimus, Stigrn. recurva. Caps.
3-gona, membranacea, 3-locuiaris, dissepimentis bi-
partilibos dehiscens. Sem. solitaria, hinc convexo-
incurva.

31 6. CALOCHORTUS. Cor. 6-partita, patens: laciniis

3. interioribus majoribus supra lanatis, basi macula
glabra subrotunda notatis. Filavi, brevissima, basi
petalorum inserta. Anth. erectae, sagittatae. Stigm.
reflexa. Caps. 3-locularis.

317- MELANTHIUM. Cor. 6-partita, patens : laciniis
aequalibus unguiculatis : unguiculis staminiferis, la-
ciniis basi biglandulosis. Caps, subovata, apice sub-
trifida, 3-locularis. Stm. plura, alato-membranacea.
Polygamum.

318. ZXGADENUS. Cor. 6-partita, patens : laciniis sub-

aequalibus, supra basin angustatam biglandulosis.
S 'tam. ad contactum ovarii inserta. Styli 3. contigui.
Caps, membranacea, 3-locularis. Sem. plurima,
aptera.

319. VERATRUM. Cor. 6-partita, patens : laciniis sessi-

libus, eglandulosis, Stam. receptaculo inserta. Caps .
3. polyspermae. Polygamum.

320. HELONIAS. Cor. 6-partita, patens : laciniis sessili-

bus eglandulosis. Caps. 3-locularis, 3 -cornis seu 3-
cocca. Sem. pauca (1-2).

321. MEDEOLA. Cor. 6-partita, revoluta. Bacca 3-

sperma.

322. TRILLIUM. Cor. 6-petala, patens : laciniis 3. ex-

terioribus angustioribus calycinis, Bacca 3-locu-
laris.

323. TOFIELDIA. Cor. 6 petala, aequalis, calyculo mini-

mo 3 -partito cincta. Caps. 3. polyspermae, basi
junctae.

324. TRIGLOCHIN. Cal. 6-phyllus : laciniis 3. interio-

ribus petaloideis. Cor. 0. Styl. 0. Caps , basi de-
hiscens.

325. SCHEUCHZERIA. Cal. 6-partitus. Cor. 0. Styl.O .

Stigm. lateralia. Caps. 3. inflatae, distinctae, 1-
spermae.

326. RUMEX. Cal. 3-phyllus. Pet. 3. conniventia. Sem.

1 . triquetrum.

HEXANDRIA.

327. SMILAX. Cal. 6-phyllus. Cor. 0. Bacca 3-locu-

]aris. Sem. 2. Dioica.

328. DI0SC0REA. Cal . (3-partitus. Cor. 0. Caps. 3**

locularis, compressa. Sem. 2. membranacea.

IV. TETRAGYNIA.

329. SAURURUS. Cal. amentum squamis 1. floris. Cor. 0.
Baccce 4. monospermae.

V. POLYGYNIA.

330. WENDLANDTA. Cal. 6-pbyllus. Cor. 6-petala,

succulenta. Styl. reclinati. Caps. 6. uniloculares,
monospermae.

331. ALISMA. Cal. 3-phyllus, Pet . 3. Caps, plures,

monospermae.

a m

I. MONO G YN I A.

2/8. BURMANNIA. Gen. pi. 542.

l.B. flore gemino; alis semicuneatis apice truncatis.—
Willd. sp. pl 2. p. 10.

In swamps of Virginia. I/ . Sept. v. s. in Herb. Gro-
nov. Flower pale purple. This delicate little plant
I never was lucky enough to find myself.

279. TILLANDSIA. Gen. pl. 541.

1 . T. caespitosa, pruinosa ; foliis subulatis recurvatis, scapo

setaceo foliis longiore summitate subbifloro. — Willd.
sp.pl. 2. p. 14.

Icon. Sloan , hist. 1. t. 121./. 1.

Parasitic, on old trees : Florida and Georgia. If. . June.
v. v. Flowers purple.

2. T. filiformis, intorta, pruinosa ; floribus solitariis sessili-

bus.— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 15.

Icon. Sloan. jam. 1. 1. 122,./ 2 & 3. Pet. ga%. t. 62,

21 7

liflora.

recurvata.

usneoides

218

HEXANDRiA monogynia. Tillandsia.

virginica .

rosea.

cymosa .

thalictroides .

Parasitic, on old trees, in shady woods : Virginia to Flo-
rida. 1/. July. v. v. Flowers yellowish-green.
This singular plant, known by the name of Long-moss ,
does not extend further north than the neighbourhood
of the Dismal Swamp in Virginia. The fibres of it,
when divested of the outside coating, make excellent
mattresses, and are a very good substitute for horse-hair
for that purpose.

280. TRADESCANTIA. Gen. pi. 543.

1. T. erecta | foliis lanceolatis elongatis glabris, floribus

sessilibus umbellato-congestis pubescentibus. — Willd.
sp.pl. 2. p. 16.

Icon. Bot. mag. 105. Moris, hist. 3. s. 5. t. 2.fA .

In shady woods : Pensylvania to Carolina. If. . May,
June. v. v. Flowers blue or purple.

2. T. erecta ; foliis lineari-gramineis praelongis, pedunculis

elongatis umbellatis paucifloris, calycibus glabris. —
Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 193.

Icon. Vent. hort. cels, t . 24.

In wet sandy fields: Carolina and Georgia. %. June,
July. v. v. Flowers rose-coloured, small, but very-
handsome.

281. DIPHYLLEJA. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 203.

1. D. glaberrima 5 foliis subpalmatis angulato-lobatis serra-
tis : lobis acuminatis, cyma multiflora. Mich . I c.

Icon. Mich. 1. c. t. \ g & 20.

Near rivulets on the high mountains of Virginia and
Carolina. 1/ . May, June. v. v. Flowers white ;
berries dark blue : the whole of the plant has the
appearance of Podophyllum peltatum.

282. CAULOFHYLLUM. Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p. 204 .

1. C. glaberrimum ; foliis supradecompositis, foliolis ova-
libus, inferioribus petiolatis lobatisque, extremo tri-
lobat o—Mich. l.c.t. 21.

Leontice thalictroides. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 149.

In shady woods, on the side of fertile hills : New En-
gland to Virginia. 1/ . May, June. v. v. Flowers
yellowish* green 5 berries large, blueish-black ; called
by the Indians Co-hosh, and esteemed as a medicinal
plant among them.

Tdb. ii

Tab. S.p. 2 1

!

'UlL

//e'/ rt\>/r.

HEXANDEIA MONOGYNIA»

219

283. BERBERI8. Gen. pi 5Q5.

1. B. erecta 5 ramis confertim punctatis, aculeis triplicibus,

foliis simplicibus obovatis remote serratis, racemis bre-
vibus subcorymbosis, drupis vix carnosis.

B. vulgaris var. Willd. sp . pl. 2. p. 22 J. Mich. ji .
amer. 1. p. 205.

On fertile hills, among rocks, &c. Canada to Virginia.
Tj . April, May. v. v. Flowers yeliow, in pendu-
lous racemes j berries red, of an agreeable acid.

2. B. sarmentosa, inermis ; foliis pinnatis : foliolis sub-3-

j ugis oblongis repando-dentatis venosis, petalis biden-
tatis.

B. pinnata. Herb. Banks.

On the great rapids of Columbia River, among rocks,
in rich vegetable soil. M. Lewis, . April, May.
v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers yellow, in large clus-
ters ; berries dark purple, eatable j called by Lewis’s
company Mount nin-holly .

Caulis fruticosus, laxe ramosus : ramis sarmentosis,
procumbentibus. Folia sempervirentia alterna, petio-
lata, impari-pinnata. Foliola 3-juga, opposita, sessi-
lia, impari-petiolata, oblongo-ovata, basi oblique trun-
cata, margine cartilaginea repando-dentata, coriacea,
utrinque glabra, laevigata, nitida : dentibus aculeatis.
Petioli teretes, glabri. Racemi congesti, bracteati, e
gemma precedents anni. Flores aurei. Bractece ca~
ducae, solitariae, subcordatae, acuminatae, membrana-
ceae. Calyx triplex, deciduus, patens : exterior mi-
nimus, 3-phyllus : foliolis ovatis, acutis ; medius
triplo longior : foliolis suborbiculatis, membranaceis,
nervosis ; interior longior : foliolis ovalibus, membra-
naceis, nervosis. Petala 6. suberecta, oblonga, apice
inciso-bidentata, vix longitudine calycis. Filamenta
6. corollae breviora, crassa, medio bidentata : dentibus
oppositis. Anther ce bilobae, crassae. Germen superum,
ovatum. Stigma sessile, 3-lobum. Bacca 3-locularis,
3-sperma, abortione interdum monosperma.

3. B. sarmentosa, inermis ; foliis pinnatis: foliolis 6-jugis

ovato-oblongis repando-serratis, sub-5-nervibus, peta-
lis integris.

In the same situations, v. s . in Herb. Lewis.

The specific difference excluded, the description of the
preceding species is applicable in every other respect,
and together with another in the collection of A, B.

canadensis ,

Aquifolium .

nervosa .

220

hex andki a monogynia. Berberis.

vetiicillatus.

smligms.

Jcevigahis,

ianceolatus.

g Idler.

Lambert, Esq., collected in Napaul by Mr. Bucbanon,
forms a new division of the genus, with pinnated leaves ;
which probably may become a new genus, whenever
the fruit is perfectly known, as the statement I have
given of it was taken from a single and imperfect
berry.

284. FBINOS. Gen. pi. 5Q4.

1. P. foliis deciduis ovalibus serratis acuminatis subtus pu-

bescentibus, fasciculis florum masc. axillaribus um-
belluliformibus 5 femineis aggregatis utrinque 6-par-
titis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 225.

P. Gronovii. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p . 236.

P. padifolius. Willd. enum. 304.

Icon. Duham. ari. 1. t. 23.

In wet woods, on the banks of ditches ; common : Ca-
nada to Virginia. ^ . June, July. v. v. Flowers
small, white j berries red or crimson.

2. P. foliis deciduis ovalibus utrinque acuminatis mucronato-

serrulatis subtus pubescentibus, floribus 4-5-fidis,
masculis ad imos ramulos congestis, femineis solita-
riis.— Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 23 6.

Cassine caroliniana. Walt. fl. car-. 242.

In sandy wet woods and on the borders of swamps :
New Jersey to Carolina. T? • July, Aug. v. v .
Flowers white 3 berries red, larger than No. 1 .

3. P. foliis deciduis lanceolatis adpresso-serratis acuminatis

utrinque glabris supra nitidis, subtus ad nervos vix
pubescentibus, floribus femineis axillaribus solitariis
subsessilibus : masculis sparsis : omnibus 6-fidis.

On the Allegany-mountains: New York to Virginia,
t? . July. v. v. Berries large, dark-red.

4. P. foliis deciduis lanceolatis tenuissime et remote serrula-

tis utrinque acutis utrinque glabris, floribus femineis
sparsis subgeminis pedunculatis 6-fidis, masculis ag-
gregatis 3-andris.

In the lower counties of Carolina and Georgia. T* .
June. v. s. Berries small, scarlet.

5. P. foliis sempervirentibus cuneato-lanceolatis coriaceis

glabris nitidis supern^ pariter subdentatis, pedicellis
axillaribus subsolitariis plerumque 3- fions.-r— Willd.
sp.pl. 2. p. 226.

In sandy shady woods : Canada to Florida,

HF.XANDRIA MONOGYNI A, PriHOS.

Aug. v. v. A low and handsome shrub ; berries
black j called in Jersey Ink-berries.

<5. P. foiiis sempervirentibus cuneato-lanqeolatis coriaceis
glabris nitidis integerrimis, corymbis axillaribus bre-
vissimis sessilibus multifloris, floribus 6-fidis.

«. P. foliis obovato-lanceolatis acuminatis.

1 8. P. foliis lanceolatis acutis.

In sandy woods, near the banks of rivers : Georgia.
Enslen. • June, July. v. s. A handsome tall
shrub, of the appearance of Ilex Dahoon.

Prinos lucidus Ait. is Ilex canadensis Mich, according to
specimens in the Herbarium of A. B Lambert, Escp

285. G LED ITS CHI A. Gen , pi. 1526.

1. G. spinis robustis cruciatim ramosis, foliolis lineari-

oblongis, leguminibus longissimis compressis,— Willd.
sp. pl. 4. p. 10 97.

G. Meliloba. TValt.fi. car. 254.

Icon. Dukam. arb. 1. t. 195. Midi. ari. t

/3. G. ramis subinermibus.

Near the sea-coast : Virginia and Carolina. I? . July.
v. v. A large tree ; the pods contain a sweet pulp ;
known by the name Honey-locust.

2. G. spinis crassis brevibus subternatis, foliolis oblongis

obtuste, leguminibus oblongis brevibus.

G. triacanthos (8. brachycarpos. Mich.fi. amer. 2. p . 257.
In the Allegany mountains on the Indian river, Vir-
ginia. Ij • July* v. v. This species is certainly di-
stinct from No. 1, having short curved spines, some-
times solitary, sometimes by threes, on the old
branches.

3. G. ramis subspinosis, foliolis ovato-oblongis acutis,

leguminibus ovalibus mucronatis submonospermis. —
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. IO97.

G. carolinensis. Lam. encycl. 2. p. 46l.

G. aquatica. Marsh, ari. 95.

Icon. Mich. arb. . . .

In the woods and on river banks : Carolina to Florida,
and Illinois, . July. v. v. Swamp Locust-tree.

28 6. PANCRATIUM. Gen. pl. 55 1.

1. P. spatha subbiflora, foliis lanceolatis, nectariis dentibus
sex staminiferis, intermediis simplicibus, Willd. sp.
pl. 2. p. 42.

221

coriaceus.

latifolia.

angustifolia.

triacanthos.

inermis.

brachycarpa.

monospermet.

mexicanum.

222

BE&ANDRiA monogynia. Pancratium.

rotatum .

maritimum .

Atamasco.

vineale .

fragrans .

striatum ,

!

Icon. DiZ/. elth. t. 222. f 28Q.

On the sea-coast of Carolina and Georgia. 2/. July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers white, as are all the following.

2. P. spatha multiflora, foliis lineari-lanceolatis, nectariis

hypocrateriformibus, inferne tubulosis, dentibus sex
staminiferis, intermediis inciso-dentatis, staminibus
nectario duplo longioribus. — Ker in lot. mag. 827.

On the sea-coast : Virginia to Florida. 2/ . July, Aug.
v. v.

3, P. spatha multiflora, foliis lineari-lanceolatis, nectariis

dentibus duodecim, non staminiferis. Willd. sp.pl. 2.
p. 42.

P. carolinianum. Linn. sp. pi. 418.

P. verecundum. Ait. hew. I . p. 412.

Icon. Catesl. car. 2. app.5. t. 5. Salisl. in linn, trans. 2.
t.Q.

On the coast of Carolina and Georgia. 2/ . July, Aug.
v. v .

2S7. AMARYLLIS. Gen.pl. 554.

1. A. spatha bifida acuta, flore pedicellato, corolla campa-
nulata subaequali erecta, basi brevi tubulosa, stamini-
bus declinatis aequalibus. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 51.

Icon. Bot. mag. 23 Q. LHerit. sert. angi. 10. Catesl.
car. app. t. 12.

In shady woods and swamps : Virginia and Carolina.
If. June, July. v.v. Flowers rose-coloured.

288. ALLIUM. Gen.pl. 557.

1. A. caule teretifolio bulbifero, staminibus tricuspidatis.

Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 73.

Icon. Lol. ic. 1 56.

In old fields ; common. If . June, July. v. v.

2. A. scapo nudo subtereti, foliis linearibus planis acutis

subcarinatis, corollis turbinato-campanulatis, laciniis
obovatis, staminibus linearibus acuminatis tubo adna-
tis.- — Vent, malmais. 26. Redoute lil. 2. 7, 68.

A. inodorum. Bot. mag. 1 129.

A. mutabile. Midi. fi. amer. 1. p. 195 ?

On the mountains of Virginia and Carolina. If. June.
v. v. Flowers white, with red veins.

3. A. scapo nudo subtriquetro, foliis linearibus convoluto-

concavis obtusiusculis dorso striatis, corollis patentibus.

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Allium.

223

laciniis oblongo- lanceolatis, staminibus alternis subu-
latis, alternis compressis, — Bot. mag. 1524. Jacq.
ic. 2. t. 366. Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 77.

A. ornithogaloides. Walt. fl. car. 121.

Ornithogalum bivalve. Sp. pi. ed . 1. p. 306.

In Virginia and Carolina. %. June, July. v. s. in
Herb. Walt. Flowers large, white, with a red carina.

4. A. scapo nudo ancipiti, foliis linearibus canaliculatis sub-

tus subangulatis, umbella fastigiata. Willd. sp. pl. 2..

p. 76.

Icon. Gmel. sib l. t. 14. f 2. Jacq. austr. 5. t. 425.

On the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis and NuttalL
If.. July. v. s. in Herb. Lewis . Flowers white.

5. A. scapo nudo tereti foliis breviore, foliis lanceolatis ner-

vosis, umbella pauciflora.

In shady woods, on the high mountains of Fensylvania.
I/ . May, June. v. v. Mountain Leeks.

6. A. scapo nudo tereti, foliis linearibus, capitulo bulbifero.

Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 7 8.

In fields and woods : Canada to Carolina. I/ . June.
v. v.

7. A. scapo nudo semitereti, foliis lanceolato-oblongis pla-
1 . nis glabris, umbella globosa, seminibus solitariis.

Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 81.

In shady woods : Pensylvania to Virginia. If . July.
v. v.

289. BRODI7EA. Smith in linn, trans. 10. p. 2.

1. B. umbella multiflora, floribus pedicellatis, staminibus
alternis margine membranaceis. — Smith l. c .

Hookera coronaria. Salisb. par. lond. t. 98.

On the plains of the Columbia and Missouri rivers.
M. Lewis. 11 . April, May. v. v. This elegant
bulbous plant, which M. Lewis, Esq. used to call
Missouri Hyacinth, is certainly hexandrous ; Dr. Smith
having been misled, by dried specimens, to consider it
to be only triandrous.

290. PONTEDERIA. Gen. pl. 54 5.

1. P. foliis oblongo-cordatis obtusis, spica confertim-multi-
flora, corollae laciniis oblongis,— Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 23.

angulosum .

triflorum •

canademe .

tricoccon .

grandiflora .

cordata.

224

MEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

angusti folia.

erecta.

graminea.

juncea.

americana.

Icon. Pluit. mant. i. 34 g.f ult. Bot. rung. 1150.

On the edges of rivers in the lower countries, frorft
Canada to Florida. If. July. v. v. Flowers blue.

2. P. foliis elongato* triangularibus sensim acutis basi trun-
cato-subcordatis, corollae laciniis lineari -lanceolatis.

In high mountain-lakes : New York to Carolina. If .
July. v. v. Flowers blue, smaller than the first
species.

291. HYPOXIS. Gen . pi. 565.

1. H. pilosa ; scapo 2-3 -floro foliis lineari-lanceolatis bre-

viore, corollae laciniis lanceolato-oblongis. — fVilld. sp.
pl. 2. p . 106.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 315. f 12. Bot. mag. 7 10.

In pastures and on grassy hills : Canada to Virginia. 1/ .
June, July. v. v. Flowers yellow : the root is reck-
oned one of the antidotes against the bite of the rat-
tle-snake.

2. H. pilosa 5 scapo 4-floro foliis longissimis gramineis bre-

viore, corollae laciniis lineari-lanceolatis.

H. caroliniensis. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 118.

In dry sandy fields and woods : New Jersey to Carolina.
If. June, July. v.v. Leaves very narrow, and dou-
ble the length of the scape.

3. H. pilosa 5 scapo unifloro, foliis filiformibus canaliculatis.

— Smith spicii, t. 1 6.

On pine-barrens of South Carolina. If. . May — July. v. v.
H. sessilis W illd. sp.pl. 2. p. 110. figured by Dillenius
t. 220. is only an accidental variety of H. erecta , as I
frequently have found this species at an early part of
the season to flower very near to the ground.

292. CONOSTYLIS. Brown fl. nov. holland. 1. p. 300.

I. C. corollis intus lanatis, scapis corymboso-paniculatis,
foliis gramineo-ensiformibus glaucis, filamentis aequa-
libus.

Argolasia aurea. Pursk catal.

In boggy soil, on the pine-barrens of New Jersey and
Carolina. If. July. v. v. Flowers golden-yellow.
Radix fibrosa, repens. Folia radicalia, scapo breviora,
irideo-equitantia, angusto-ensiformia, acuta, glabra,
laevigata, glaucesc entia. Scapus erectus, teres, la-
na to- tomen t os us, folio uno alterove brevi instructus.

Tab. 6. p. Z24.

fcEXANDRIA MONOGYN1A. CoDOStyllS. 125

Corymbus dense multiflorus, lanato-tomentosus. Flores
extus albo-lanati, intus flavi. Pedicelli longitudine
florum. Corolla 6-fida : laciniis oblongis acutis, 3.
interioribus vix angustioribus, superne glabris fusco-
luteis, inferne densissime lanatis : pilis plumosis au-
reis. Filamenta 6. filiformia, glabra, corollae vix bre-
viora. Antherae ovatae, erectae, aurantiacae. Germen
superum, subrotundum, glabrum. Stylus subulatus,

3-partibilis, longitudine filamentorum. Stigma sim-
plex.

This singular and beautiful perennial I discovered
about the year 1 805, and considered it as a species of
Argolasia cf Jussieu or Lanaria of Aiton, until I
had the opportunity of seeing Mr. Brown’s Prodro-
mus, in which the genus Conostylis is the nearest of
any genus I know, though it even differs from that
genus materially by the germ being almost entirely
superior, and not hall* inferior.

%3. ALETRIS. Gen. pi. 5J Q. Mich.Jl. amer . l.p.lSQ*

1» A. floribus pedicellatis oblongo-tubulosis, corollis fruc-
tiferis laeviusculis farinosis, foliis lato-lanceolatis mu-
cronatis.— Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 189.

A. farinosa. Willd . sp. pi. 2. p. 183.

Icon. Pluk, amalth. t.43J.f 2. Bot. mag. 1418.

In dry gravelly woods, on the side of hills : New En-
gland to Carolina. %. June, July. v.v. Flowers
white, in a long spike ; known by the name of Star-
grass or Colic-root ; the last name, from its being
considered an excellent remedy in that disease.

2. A. floribus subsessilibus breviter tubulatis subcampanula-
tis, corollis fructiferis rugosis scaberrimis, foliis lanceo-
lato-ensiformibus acutis. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p . 190.

Wurmbea bullata. Willd. hort. heroi, t. 8.

In sandy fields and woods : New Jersey to South Caro-
lina. 1/ . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers covered with
a mealy substance, as in the first species, but the
divisions are tipped with golden-yellow 3 the leaves
are narrower and longer. There is not any doubt of
this plant properly belonging to Hexandria Trigynia ;
but the styles are glued together during flowering*
and only divide on the ripening of .the fruit.

tOL. i.

m

2m

virginica.

croceum.

Quamask.

HEXANDRI4 MOtfOGYNIA,

294. AGAVE. Gen.pl.5S2.

I. A. acaulis, herbacea; foliis cartilagineo-serratis, scapo
simplicissimo. Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 193.

Icon. Jacq. ic. rar. 2. t. 3/8. Bot. mag. 1157.

On the rocky and fertile banks of rivers ; Virginia to
Carolina. % . July. v. v. Flowers greenish-yellow,
very fragrant.

295. PHALANGIUM. Tournef. Juss. gen. pi. 5g.

1. P bulbosum 5 scapo foliis gramineis multo brevioribus,

spica pyramidali, bracteis convoluto-amplexantibus
obtusis, seminibus subglobosis laevigatis .—Mich. Jl.
amer. 1 . p. 196.

In low grounds of Georgia. Mlchaux. )/ . + . Flowers
saffron-coloured ; seeds black.

2. P. bulbosum ; scapo foliis linearibus carinatis longiore,

spica racemosa, bracteis linearibus, petalis 5. adsceij-
dentibus : infimo deflexo, stigmate obtuso.

On the upper part of the Missouri, near the Rocky-
mountains. M. Lewis. I/. June. v. s. in Herb.
Lewis. Flowers large, pale blue.

Bulbus tunicatus, subrotundus. Scapus simplex, nudus,
erectus, teres, glaber, pedalis et ultra. Folia radica-
lia, pauca, longe linearia, subtus carinata, glabra,
semiunciam lata. Flores spicato-racemosi, bracteati.
Bracteae marcescentes, solitariae, lineares, membra-
naceae. Pedunculi solitarii, uniflori, teretes, bracteis
breviores. Corolla marcescens, infera, hexapetalo-
partita. Petala subaequalia, lineari-lanceolata : quin-
que adseendentia : sextum deflexum. Filamenta su-
bulata, aequalia, petalis breviora, ad basin petalorum
inserta. Germen trigonum. Stylus longitudine co-
rollae, subclavatus. Stigma obtusum. Capsula sub-
rotundo-triquetra, 3-locularis : loculis polyspermis.
Semina oblonga, nigra.

It deviates from the character of Phalangium in some
respects, particularly in its ascending petals, but not
sufficiently to give materials to frame a new genus.

This plant is known among the natives by the name
Quamash, and the bulbs are carefully collected by
them and baked between hot stones, when they as-
sume the appearance of baked pears, and are of an

227

hexanduia MONOGYNi a. Phalangium.

agreeable sweet taste. They form a great part of their
winter stores. Though an agreeable food to Governor
Lewis’s party, they occasioned bowel complaints if
eaten in any quantity.

296. NARTHECIUM. Smith fl.lrit. 1. p. 368. Kerin
lot. mag. 1505.

1. N. racemo interdum interYupte spicato laxo, bractea una
caulina pedicellum amplexante, altera ihferne pedi-
cellari paleaceo-setacea, lana filamentorum brevissima.
Ker l. c.

In boggy fields and woods, on the pine-barrens of New
Jersey. 1/. June, July. v.v. Flowers yellow. It
approaches very near to N. Ossifragum , and is only
different in the situation of its bracteas, which nice
distinction was very ingeniously observed by Mr. Ker.
For a considerable time I considered this plant to be
N. glutinosum of Michaux; but the close investigation
of Mr. Ker on this subject has convinced me of hav-
ing been in an error. Vid. Bot. mag. 1505.

297. ORNITHOGALUM. Gen. pi. 566.

1. O. corymbo paucifloro, pedunculis bracteis longioribus,
filamentis subulatis. Willd, sp. pl. 2. p. 11 6.

Icon. Jacq. austr. 4. t. 343.

In grass-plots and near gardens 5 probably not indigenous.
7J. . May. v. v. Flowers white.

298. YUCCA. Gen. pl. 580.

1. Y. acaulis ; foliis lato-lanceolatis integerrimis margine

filamentosis, stigmatibus recurvato-patentibus.— »
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 184.

Icon. Trew ehret. t. 3 7.

On the shores of Virginia and Carolina, and in the,
western parts thereof. 1/ . July, Aug, v.v. Flowers
white, very showy 5 and the plant is from four to five
feet high.

2. Y. acaulis 5 foliis longo-linearibus rigidis margine raro

filamentosis, capsulis magnis obovato-cylindraceis.

On the banks of the Missouri. I/. July, Aug. v.s.
in Herb. Nuttall. From two to three feet high j leaves
very narrow 5 capsules large.

a 2

americanum„

umlellatumi

filamentosa »

angustifolia .

228

HEXANDklA MONO&T STIA. YuCCSo

recurvifolia .

gloriosa.

aloifolia. -

Gateslcei.

pudicum ,

3. Y. caulescens 5 foliis lineari-lanceolatis viridibus recur-

vo-deflexis margine raro filamentosis, petalis interio-
ribus latioribus.— Salisb. in p&rad. loud. 31. \

On the sandy shores of Georgia. Leconte. • July*
Aug. v. v. Flowers greenish-yellow, with a tinge
of purple ; stem about three feet high : this species
has been confounded with the following.

4. Y. caulescens, ramosa ; foliis lato-lanceolatis plicatis

integerrimis, petalis lanceolatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2 .
p. 183.

Icon. Bot. rep. 473. Bot.mag. 1200.

On the sea-shore of Carolina. Pj . July* Aug. v. v.
Flowers white j plant about ten. feet high.

3. Y. caulescens, ramosa ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis calloso-
crenulatis strictis. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 1 84.

Icon. Dill. elth. 323. f. 410. Comm. prod. t. 14.

On the coast of Carolina and Florida. T2 • Aug. v> v •
Flowers white.

299. LILIUM. Gen. pl. 558.

1. L. foliis sparsis lineari-lanceolatis, caule linifloro, corolla

erecta, petalis longe unguiculatis margine undulati*
apice reflexis. IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 80. Wall. fi.
car. 259.

L. spectabile. Salisb. icon. rar. 5. t. 5.

L. carolinianum. Lam. encycl. 3. p. 554.

Icon. Catesb. car. 2. t. 58. Bot. mag. 259.

In low sandy meadows : Virginia to Carolina. 11 .
June — Aug. v. v. Flower very handsome, scarlet,
spotted with yellow and brown $ stem about a foot
high.

2. L. ? foliis sparsis lineari-lanceolatis, caule unifloro, co-

rolla campanulata cernua, petalis erectis sessilibus
spathulato-obovatis obtusis intus planis.

On the head- waters of the Missouri. M. Lewis. 11 .
May. v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flower pale yellow )
stem about ten inches high.

This doubtful species is at first sight more related to
Fritillaria ; but the style, which is the length of the
petals, with an obtuse stigma, associates it more closely
to Lilium. The fruit 1 am unacquainted with } tht
root is a flat biscuit-shaped bulb.

Tab. 8

NEXANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Lilium.

3. L. foliis sparsis lineari-lanceolatis : supremis 4. 5. verti-

cillatis floremque subaequantibus, caule subunifloro
subalato- pentagono, pedunculo lanato, corolla erecta
turbinato-patente extus floccoso-lanata, laciniis infimis
ovali-lanceolatis. Ker in lot. mag. 872.

Icon. Catesl. car. 3. t. 8.

On the mountains of Pensylvania and Virginia. If.
July, Aug. v. v. Flower scarlet, yellow at the base
with dark spots. Resembles L . lulliferum very
much.

4. L. foliis sparsis linearibus brevibus : supremis verticillatis

pedunculis brevioribus, floribus 3— 5. umbellatis erec-
tis, petalis recurvo-patentibus subaequalibus ovato-
oblongis subunguiculatis.

L. concolor. Parad. lond. 47 ?

On the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis and Nut tall.
%. July. v.s. By all appearance the plant found
by the above gentlemen, among the Mandan nation
on the Missouri, appears to be the same with the one
figured in the Paradisus Londinensis ; the flowers are
of an uniform deep scarlet colour, and are highly or-
namental.

5. L. foliis verticillatis lanceolato-linearibus, caule subbiflo-

ro, corolla erecta campanulata patente, petalis lanceo-
latis unguiculatis. — Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. QO.

Icon. Mill. ic. t. 1 65. f. 1. Bot. mag . 519.

In woods and meadows : Canada to Virginia. I/ . July,
Aug. v. v. Flowers large, scarlet, yellow near the
bottom, with dark red spots $ most generally it is found
with only one flower, but sometimes even with three
or more.

6. L. foliis remote verticillatis lanceolatis trinerviis, subtus

ad nervos subhirsutis, pedunculis terminalibus elon-
gatis plerumque ternis, corollis cernuis turbinato-cam-
panulatis recurvo-patentibus, laciniis lanceolatis.- —
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 89.

Icon. Catesl. car. 3. fi 11,

«t. Bot. mag. 800.
fi.Bot.mag. 858.

On mountain meadows : Canada to Virginia. % , July,
Aug. v. v.

7. L. foliis plerumque verticillatis cuneato-lanceolatis seu

obpvalibus enervibus glaberrimis, ramis floriferis crassis

229

pensylvanU

cum.

umldlatum .

philadelphi-

cum.

canadense »

flavum.

coccineum.

carolinia -
num.

230

superbum.

lanceolata.

lanceolatum .

HEXANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. LiJilim.

ternato-terminalibus, floribus reflexis, corollis revolu-
tis.— Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 197.

L. Martagon. Walt.Jl. car. 123.

Icon. Catesb. car. 2. t. 56.

In fertile meadow grounds : Lower Virginia and Caroli-
na. 2/. June, July. v.v. Resembles L. Martagon
very much j flowers larger and maculated.

8. L. foliis lineari-lanceolatis trinervihus glabris, inferioribus
verticillatis intermediis duplo longioribus superioribus
sparsis, floribus racemoso-pyramidatis reflexis, corollis
revolutis . — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 88.

Icon. Trew ehret.2. t. 11. Bot . mag Q36.

In low copses and swamps, on blue clay soil : Canada to
Virginia. 1/. July, Aug. v. v. The most stately
plant of this family in North America ; the number
and elegance of its flowers are astonishing. I have, in
favourable situations, seen stems of about seven feet
high, with from thirty to fifty flowers, disposed in a
graceful manner in form of a chandelier.

300. FRITILLARIA. Gen.pl. 55^.

1. F. caule folioso 1 — 2-floro, foliis lineari-lanceolatis ob~
tusiusculis : inferioribus verticillatis, petalis lanceo-
latis.

Lilium camschatcense. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 89.

On the head-waters of the Missouri and Columbia.
M. Lewis. . July. v. s. Flowers dark purple
with brown spots.

In the tenth volume of the Linnean Transactions, A. B.
Lambert, Esq. in his account of the Pallasian Herba-
rium, has given an excellent figure of this plant, and
suspects it very justly to be a Fritiilaria : when 1 ex-
amined the Lewisian Herbarium I had no idea of
finding it under Lilium, and made a drawing and de-
scription under the above name, for the Travels of
Lewis and Clark.

301. ERYTHRONIUM. Gen. pl. 562.

1. E. petalis lanceolatis basi dilatatis obtusiusculis, germine
subgloboso, foliis lanceolatis.

E. Dens canis. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 198.

In woods, near the roots of old trees, and on the banks
of rivulets : Canada to Virginia, and on the Missouri.

HEXANDRiA MONOGYNiA. Erythronium.

7/ . May. v. v. Flowers yellow : there is a variety
with brown spots at the bottom of the flower.

2. E. petalis laeceolatis subunguiculatis acutis, germine ob-
longo, foliis lineari-lanceolatis.

On the Kooskoosky. M. Lewis. 7/. May, June. v. s.
Flowers double the size of the preceding, and of a pale
yellow colour.

302. UVULARIA. Gen.pl. 500. Mich.fi.amer,l.p.ig8.

1. U. foliis perfoliatis ellipticis obtusis, corolla campanulata

intus scabrata, antheris cuspidatis.—- Willd. sp. pi. 2.
p. 94. Smith exot. lot. 1. 95.

U. perfoliata minor. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 199.

Icon. Smith l. c. t. 49.

In shady woods, among rocks, in rich vegetable mould :
Canada to Carolina. I/. May, June. v.v. Flowers
pale yellow.

2. U. foliis perfoliatis elliptico-oblongis obtusis basi undula-

tis, corolla basi attenuata intus scabrata, antheris cus-
pidatis. Smith exot. hot. ]. p. Q7. t. 50.

Anonymos pudica. Walt.fi. car. 123.

Icon. Bot. mag. Q55. Smith l. c.

In shady woods, in sandy soil : New Jersey to Lower
Carolina. 7/ . May, June. v. v. Flowers larger than
No. 1, of a deeper yellow.

3. U. foliis perfoliatis oblongis acutis, petalis intus laevibus,

antheris obtusiusculis, nectariis subrotundis. Smith
exot. hot. 1 . p. 99. t. 51.

U. perfoliata major. Mich.fi . amer'. 1. p. 199.

U. lanceolata. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 94.

Icon. Corn, canad. t. 39. Smith l. c.

On shady hills, in fertile soil, and among rocks : Canada
to Carolina. 7/. June. v.v. Flowers larger than the
other species, of a beautiful yellow. The U. lanceo-
lata of the Hortus Kewensis is the same with Dr.
Smith’s U. grandifolia, according to specimens in the
Herbarium of A. B. Lambert, Esq.

4. U. caule glabro, foliis sessilibus lanceolato-ovalibus

subtus glaucescentibus, corolla laciniis planis intus lae-
vibus, capsula stipi tata,— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 95.

Icon. Smith exot. hot. 1. p. 101. t. 52. Bot. mag. 1402.
In shady woods : Canada to Carolina. 7/. May, June.
v. v . Flowers pale yellow.

2'3T

grandifio -
rum .

perfoliata ,

fiava .

,\

grandifiora .

sessilifolia «

232

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Uvularia.

pulerula.

distortus.

roseus.

lanuginosus .

majalis.

xmlellata.

5. U. caule puberulo, foliis subamplexicaulibus ovalibus
basi rotundatis utrinque concoloribus, corollae laciniis
acutis intus laevibus, capsula sessili. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1.
p. 1 99.

On the mountains of Carolina. Michaux. %. + , Re-
sembles the foregoing species ; flowers larger.

303. STREPTOPUS. Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p. 200.

1. S. glaber ; foliis amplexicaulibus, pedicellis solitariis

medio distorto-geniculatis. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 200.
Uvularia amplexifolia. Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. Q3.

Icon. PL rar. hung. t. 167-

In shady woods : Canada to Pensylvania on high moun-
tains. %. May, June. v.v. Flowers greenish »y el-
lew, the size of Convallaria majalis.

2. S. glaber lucidus 5 foliis amplexicaulibus serrulato-cilio-

latis, antheris brevibus bicomibus. Mich.Jl. amer. 1.
p. 201.

Icon. Mich. 1. c. t. 18.

On the high mountains of Carolina, Pensylvania, and in
Canada. 1/. May— July. v. v. Flowers rose-co-
loured.

3. S. subcandicanti-lanuginosus ; foliis sessilibus basi sub-

cordatis acuminatis, pedicellis in brevissimo stipite
geminatis. Mich.Jl. amer. l.p. 201.

On the high mountains : Pensylvania to Carolina. 11 ,
June. v. v . Flowers large, yellowish-green ; berries
red.

304. CONVALLARIA. Gen. pi. 575. Desfont.in annal.

mus. hist. nat. 9. p. 40.

1. C. scapo nudo laevi, foliis ovatis. Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. l60.

Icon. FI. dan. 854.

On the highest mountains of Virginia and Carolina. % .
May. v. v. Flowers white, fragrant.

305. SMILACINxA. Desfont. in annal. mus. hist. nat. 9.

p. 51.

I. S. foliis radicalibus oblongo-ovalibus margine et carina
ciliatis, scapo pubescente, umbella terminali, pedicel-
lis bracteatis.— Desfont. I. c. 53.

hexandria monogyny. Smilacina.

233

Convallaria umbellata. Mich.Jt. amer. 1. p. 202»

S. borealis. Ker in bot. mag.

Icon. Desfont. 1. c. t, 8. Bot. mag. 1155.

On the Allegany mountains : Pensylvania to Carolina;
rare. Ij.. May, June. v.v. Flowers white, fragrant.

2. S. subcaulescens ; foliis elliptico-obovatis margine cilia-

tis, scapo pubescente, umbella corymbosa interdum
prolifera, pedicellis nudis nutantibus. — Bot. mag. 1403,
Dracaena borealis. VP illd. sp. pl. 2. p. 158.

Icon. Ait. hew. 1. /.5. Bot. mag. 1403. Bot. repos. 20 6.
On the Allegany mountains, in bogs, and in Canada and
New England. 1/ . June, July. v. v. Flowers large,
greenish-yellow : fruit beautiful amethystine blue.

3. S. caule bifolio, foliis corda to -oblongis subsessilibus

utrinque glaberrimis, racemo simplici terminali, flo-
ribus tetrandris,

Convallaria bifolia. Mich.ji. amer. 1. p. 201.
Majanthemum canadense. Desfont. I. c. p. 54.

S. foliis ovatis basi vix cordatis.
y.S. caule trifoliato, foliis lato-cordatis.

Icon. Pluk.alm. t. 434. f 4.

In shady woods, round the roots of old trees and in the
bogs on high mountains. 1/ . May. v. v. Flowers
small, white.

4. S. caule alterne trifoliato pubescente, foliis oblongo-

lanceolatis, racemo terminali laxo. — Desfont. I. c. p. 52.
Convallaria trifolia. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 163.

Icon. Gmel.fl. sibir. 1. 1. 6.

On the highest Allegany mountains, in deep sphagnous
places : Pensylvania, New York, and in Canada. 11.
June, July. v. v. Flowers small, white.

5. S. caule alterne folioso, foliis amplexicaulibus lanceolatis

seu ovali-lanceolatis, racemo simplici terminali. —
Desfont. I. c. p. 52.

Convallaria stellata. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 163.

Icon. Corn, canad. t. 33. Moris, hist. 3. s. 15. t. 4. f. 7.
Bot. mag. 1043.

In Canada, and along the tract of mountains on jiver
banks as far south as Virginia. 11 . May, June. v. v.
About a foot high ; flowers in a close spike, white.

6. S. caule alterne folioso arcuato, foliis sessilibus ovatis

ciliatis, panicula terminali conferta.— Desfont. I. e»
p. 53.

Icon. Desfont . I . q. t. g .

lorealk .

canadensis *

ovalis.

trifolia.

trifolia »

stellata «

ciliata.

234'

hexandria monogynia. Smilacina/

racemosa .

In Virginia and Canada* Desfontaines . 1/ . 4- . Flowers
very small, white.

S. caule alterne folioso, foliis sessilibus oblongo-ovalibus
acuminatis nervosis pubescentibus, floribus terminali-
bus racemoso-paniculatis, — Desfont. 1. c. p. 51.

Icon. Com. canad. t. 37. P/w&. a/m. 311./. 2. i?o/.

mog . 899.

In mountain woods : Canada to Carolina ; common.
2/. . June, July. v. v. Flowers small, yellowish.

ewgmtifo -
Hum .

300. POLYGONATUM. Desfont . inmus.hist. nat. 9.
p. 48.

1. P. caule tereti, foliis alternis sessilibus elliptico-lanceo-
latis sensim acutis subtrinervibus glabris, pedunculis
axillaribus elongatis subbifloris.

Convallaria biflora. Walt. Jl. car. 122.

In rocky situations : Pensylvania to Virginia. I/ . May,
June. v. v. Fiowers yellowish-white, with green
tips, as most of this genus.

canalicula -
tum.

2. P. caule canaliculato, foliis alternis amplexicaulibus ob-
longis margine pubescentibus, pedunculis axillaribus
bifloris.

Convallaria canaliculata. Willd. hort. heroi. 45.

In shady woods : Pensylvania to Virginia. 1/. June.
v. v.

pulescens.

3. P. caule teretiusculo sulco exarato, foliis alternis am-
plexicaulibus ovatis subtus pubescentibus, pedunculis
axillaribus subbifloris.

Convallaria pubescens. Willd. hort. heroi. 45. cum icone .
On rocks, near water : New England to Carolina. % .
May, June. v. v.

hirtum .

. 4. P. caule angulato hispido, foliis alternis subamplexicau-
libus ovatis obtuse acuminatis, pedunculis axillaribus
trifloris.

Convallaria hirta. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 3dg.

In North America. Bosc. % . -f .

multiflorum .

5. P. caule tereti, foliis alternis amplexicaulibus oblongo-
ovalibus, pedunculis axillaribus multifloris. — Desfont .
1. c. p. 50.

Convallaria multiflora. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p . 162.

Icon. FI. dan. J52. Ahhotyj. Engl. lot.2jg.

In dry hilly woods : Canada to Carolina. 11 • June, July.
v.v.

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Polygonatum.

0. P. caule angulato, foliis sessilibus ovatis acuminatis, pe-

dunculis uni- aut multifloris. Desfont. I. c. p. 50.
Convallaria latifolia. Willd . sp. pl. 2. p . 102.

Icon. Jacq. austr. 3. t. 232.

On the sandy and gravelly banks of rivers, in shady wet
situations : Pensylvania and Virginia. 11 . June, July.
v. v. The tallest of all the species, sometimes four
feet high.

307. ASPARAGUS. Gen. pl. 573.

1. A. caule herbaceo inermi suberecto tereti, foliis setaceis

mollibus, stipulis subsolitariis. Smith fi. brit. 1 . p. 309»
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1 50.

Icon. FI. dan. 803. Engl. lot. 33Q.

Common Asparagus is frequently found in an apparently
wild state, but has been introduced from Europe.

308. ORONTIUM. Gen. pl. 587.

1. Q. foliis lanceolato-ovatis, scapo cylindrico spicato. — -
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 199.

Icon. Amoen. acad. 3. t. l.f. 3.

In rivulets and low stagnant waters : Canada to Florida.
11. April, May. v. v . Yellow flowers in a clpse
cylindric spike, of a most singular smell. I observed
a variety with almost linear leaves, in the Salt marshes
near New York.

309. ACORUS. Gen. pl. 580.

1. A. scapo mucrone longissimo foliaceo. Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 199.

Icon. Abbot 77* Engl. bot. 350.

In overflowed places and old ditches 5 frequent : Canada
to Carolina. Has the appearance of a flag, and called
Sweet-flag, from the aromatic smell and taste of its
roots.

310. JUNCUS. Gen.pl.5Q0.

* Culmis nudis.

1. J. culmo nudo tereti, panicula terminali, involucro di-
phyllo spinoso, capsulis subrotundis mucronatis. Smith
fi. brit. ] . p. 374. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 204.

J. maritimus. Lam. encycl, 3. p. 253.

235;.
latifolium .

officinalis.

aquaticum .4

Calamus .

acutus .

2S6

KEX ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. JuncUS.

mn glomera -

tus.

effusus.

filiformis.

Ikornis.

Betaceus.

i marginatus .

nodosus.

Icon. Engl, hot . 1614.

On the sandy sea-coast : New Jersey* &c. % . July. v.n.

2. J. culmo nudo stricto, panicula laterali conglobata, cap-

sulis retusis, floribus triandris. Smith fi. hrit. \.
p. 3/6. Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 20 5.

Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 82. Leers fi. herh. t . 13 .f J»

In wet pastures, frequent. 1/. June, July. v.v.

3. J. culmo nudo stricto, panicula laterali effusa suprade-

composita, capsulis obtusis. Smith fl. hrit. 1. p. 3 76.
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 20 5.

Icon. Host . gram . 3. t. 83.

Frequent in low grounds, on road sides, &c. 7/ . June,

July. v. v .

4. J. culmo nudo filiformi nutante, panicula laterali brac-

teata subsimplici, capsulis subrotundis. Smith fi. hrit. 1.
p. 3 77. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 20 7.

Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 84. Pluk. phyt. t. 40. fi 8.

In boggy mountain meadows } frequent. 2£ . July, Aug.
v. v.

5. J. culmo erecto nudo, foliis subsetaceis canaliculato-planis,
involucro setaceo diphyllo erecto paniculam superante,
floribus distinctis, calyce lineari-lanceolato acutissimo.
— Mich.fi. amer. 1 . p. igi .

J. tenuis. Rostk.junc, 21. t. l.fi.3. Moris, hist. 3. s. 8.
t. Q.f 15.

In sandy wet fields, near ponds : Carolina and Georgia.
7/ . July. v. v .

6. J. culmo nudo filiformi nutante, umbella laterali com-

posita pauciflora, pedunculis multifloris, calyce subu-
lato. Rostk.junc. 13. t. 1 ./. 2.

In low grounds : Canada to Virginia. 7/. July. v. v .

7. J. foliis planis glabris, corymbo terminali simplici pro-

lifero, capitulis sub-10-floris, calyce capsulam obtu-
sam aequante. Rostk.junc, 30. t. 2.f.3.

On dry shady hills : Pensylvania. 1/ . June, v, v.

8. J. foliis nodoso-articulatis teretibus, corymbo simplici,

capitulis globosis, capsulis acuminatis calyce longiori-
bus. Rostk.junc. t. 2 .f. 2.

J. scirpoides. Lam. encycl. 3. p. 2 67.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 4l7.fi 3.

In inundated fields and ditches : Canada to Virginia.
H . July, Aug. v. v .

HEXANDEIA MONOGYNIA. JuncUS.

2 37

Culmis foliosis.

§. J. culmo erecto oligophyllo, foliis nodoso-articulatis, polycephalm ,
capitulis globosis multifloris subpaniculatis, calycibus
linearibus triandris. — ■ Mich . Jl. amer. 1. p. I92.

Icon. P/w&. c/m. t. Q2. f. 9.

•t. J. major, foliis crassioribus compressis.

/6. J. foliis subfiliformibus.

In inundated places : Pensylvania to Carolina. 1/ . June,

July, v.v.

10. J. culmo erecto, follis nodoso-articulatis teretibus, pani-

cula supradecomposita, foliolis caly cinis arista tis inte-
rioribus longioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 211.

J. acutiflorus. Hojfrri. germ. 125.

Icon. Host, gravi. 3. t. 8(5.

In inundated woods and on river sides : Pensylvania to
Virginia, !/• July. v.v.

11. J. culmo decumbente, foliis setaceis, floribus glome- verticillalus.

ratis verticillatis glomerulis foliosis. Willd. sp. pl. 2.

p. 212.

J. uliginosus. Rothfl. germ. I .p. 155.

J. fluitans. Lam. encyel. 3. p. 26.

Icon. Fl.dan. 8 17. Host. gram.. 3. t. 88.

In rivulets and ponds : Canada, New York, &c. 1/.

July, Aug. v.v.

12. J. culmo folioso erecto, foliis subnodoso-articulatis, pa- aeuminatm ,

nicula terminali composita, glomerulis subtrifioris pe-
dunculatis sessilibusque, calycibus gracilibus acumina-
tis 3-andris. Mich. ft. amer. 1. p. 192.

In stagnant waters and on river banks : Pensylvania to
Carolina, % . July, Aug. v. v. Resembles J. ar-
ticulatus very much.

13. J. radice bulbosa, culmo folioso erecto compresso, foliis arlstaius,

angustis subcanaliculatis, panicula composita, glome-
rulis 3 -floris, calycibuS 3-andiis bracteisque aristatis.

— Midi. Jl. amer. 1. p. 192.

In low grounds of Georgia and Carolina. I/ . July. v. s.

Resembles the following species.

14. J. culmo subcompresso indiviso, foliis linearibus canali- hillosus.

culatis, corymbo terminali, calycibus obtusis capsula
subrotunda obtusa brevioribus. Willd . sp. pl. 2 »
p. 213.

J. compressus. Jacq. vind. 235.

Icon. Host. gram. 3. t. 89. FI. dan. 431.

crassifolius.

tenuifolius.

sylvaticus .

238

tenuis.

lufonius.

campestris.

melanocar -
pus.

repens .

americana.

i

HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. JunCUS.

On dry barren soil, on road sides 5 frequent, J/. June,
July, v . v .

15. J. culmo folioso simplici teretiusculo, foliis canaliculatis,

corymbo terminali dicbotomo bracteis breviore, cap-
sula oblonga obtusa calyce breviore. Rostk.junc. 24.
t.l.f. 3. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 214 ?

In Georgia and Carolina.

16. J. culmo folioso dichotomo, foliis angulatis subsetaceis,

floribus oblongis solitariis sessilibus. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 214.

Icon. FI. dan. IO98. Host. gram. 3. t. 90. Engl,
lot. 802.

In overflowed fields, common. July, Aug. v. v.

17. J. foliis planis pilosis, spicis pedunculatis ovatis subcer-

nuis, intermedia sessili, calycinis foliolis mucronatis
capsula obtusa longioribus. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 221.
Icon. Engl. lot. 672.

On dry sunny hills : Pensylvania to Carolina. If. . April,
May. v. v.

18. J. culmo folioso, foliis sublanceolatis glabris, panicula

capillari laxa, floribus pedicellatis. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1.
p. 190.

Luzula melanocarpa. Desvoux in journal de lotanique 1.
p. 142. t. 5.f. 2.

In the western part of Canada. Michaux. -J- • Seeds :
black.

19. J. culmis repentibus foliosis, foliis planis angustis, capi-

tulis paucis sessilibus pedunculatisque paucifioris,
calycibus subulatis 3-andris. — Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 191.
Cephaloxis flabellata. Desvoux in journal de lotanique 1.
p. 324. t. 11. f 2 .

On sandy hills in Carolina and Georgia. 1/ . June. v. s.

311. PEPLIS. Gen. pl. 605.

J . P. floribus axillaribus solitariis, foliis crassis spathulato-
obovatis, floribus apetalis.

Inundated during its flowering time, in slow-flowing
places of rivers, in Pensylvania ; the flowers so dimi-
nutive that to examine them it requires a strong mi-
croscope.

HEXANDRIA DIGYNXA.

23 g

II. DIG YN I A.

312. NECTRIS. Gen. pl. 610.

1. N. foliis demersis oppositis capillac^o-multifidis : emersis

alternis orbiculatis peltatis integerrimis.

N. aquatica. TViLld. sp. pl. 2. p. 248.

Cabomba aquatica. Aubl. gui. 1. p. 321. t. 124.

In the streams of Carolina and Georgia. 7/ . July, Aug.
v. s.

2. N. foliis omnibus alternis demersis ternatis $ emersis qui-

nato-pinnatis.

Floerkea proserpinacoides. Muhlb. mss.

In ditches and slow-flowing rivers : Pensylvania and Vir-
ginia. 7/ . Aug. v. v. Flowers greenish-yellow in
both species, on long axillary solitary petioles. The
character of the last species deviates a little from
Aublet’s ; but as I never had an opportunity of seeing
his plant in a living state, I consider the difference so
trifling that they will be better to remain united.

III. TRIGYNIA.

313. SABAL. Adanson . Pers. syn. 1. p. 3QQ.

1. Safcial. Pers. 1. c.

Raphis acaulis. IV Hid. sp. pl. 4. p. 10 Q3.

Chamaerops acaulis. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 20/.

Corypha minor. Jacq. vind. 3. t. 8.

Corypha pumila. Walt. JL. car. 11 9.

Icon. Bot.mag. 1434. Guersent. obs. in bullet . de la
soc. pkilomat. no. 8/.

Along the sea- coast of Carolina and Georgia. Tj . Aug.
v. v . A species of palm of but little beauty or use.

314. CHAMiEROPS. Gen. pl. 1688.

l.C. caudice repente, stipitibus aculeato-serrulatis, fron-
dibus palmatis. — Willd.sp. pl. 4. p . 1 155. Mich.Jl ,
amer. 1 . p. 20 6.

On the. coast of Georgia and Florida. J2 • v* v> sfi •

peltata .

pinnata9

Adansonu

serrulate..

245

Hystris.

Palmetto,

georgiana .

degam.

mrginicum.

HfcXANDRiA trigynia. Chainaerops.

2. C. caudice repente, stipitibus aculeis longissimis inter»»

mixtis, frondibus palmatis.

Near the town of Savannah, Georgia. b • v.v. s. jl.
This singular palm grows in company with others, and
distinguishes itself by its long aculei resembling por-
cupine quills, and often growing to the length of more
than fifteen inches.

3. C. caudice arboreo, stipitibus inermibus, spathis dupli-

catis, frondibus palmatis. Witld. sp. pl. 4. p. 1155.

Corypha Palmetto. Walt. fl. car. 1 1 9.

On the sea-coast of Carolina and Florida. Tj . v.v. s.fl .
A fine and useful plant} the wood used for forming
almost everlasting piles for building wharfs, and the
leaves can be manufactured into light and very durable
hats.

315. NOLINA. Mich. Jl. artier, l.p. 207.

1. N. foliis angustissimis longis aride-gramineis, scapo laxo-
ramoso foliis subulatis sparsi m vestito, floribus race*
mosis, pedicellis aggregatis. — Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 208«

Phalangium virgatum. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 246.

In barren sandy woods : Georgia. Michaux and Fraser.
11 . July. v. s . in Herb. Enslen. Root a tunicated
bulb ; stem two feet and more high 5 flowers white
and small.

316. CALOCHORTUS. Pursh in linn, ttans. v. ll. p. . . «

1. C. scapo subtrifloro folio unico breviore, petalis interio*
ribus lanatis.

On the head-waters of the Kooskoosky. M. Lewis. 1/ .
May. v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers very elegant,
white j the three inside petals are covered with a long
down, and have a purple smooth spot on their base.
The roots are eaten by the natives.

Bulbus solidus, subglobosus. Folium unicum, radicale,
longe-gramineum, glabriusculum, plicato-nervosum,
scapo longiore. Scapus simplex, teres, glaber, bi-aut
triflorus. Bractece tot quod pedicelli, lineari-lanceo-
latae. Pedicelli filiformes, bracteis vix longiores. Flores
nutantes, magnitudine Hypoxidis erecti.

31 7. MELANTHIUM. Gen. pl. 6\ 8.

l.M. elatum; panicula pyramidata, petalis ovalibus sub*
hastatis planis bi maculat is, floribus plerumque her*

HEXANDRiA TRiGYNJA. Melanthium»

maphroditis.— Willd. sp. pi 2. p. 266. Lam , en-
cycl. 4. p. 25.

Helonias virginica. Bot. mag. 985.

In low grounds, among luxuriant herbage : New York
to Carolina. 7/. June, July. v.v. Flowers green-
ish-white at first, and turn to a dark brown after flow-
ering for some time.

2. M. panicula inferne mascula, superne feminea racemo-

sa, petalis oblongis planis brevi-unguiculatis bima-
culatis, stylis germine duplo brevioribus. — Wdlt.Ji.
car. 125.

M. polygamum. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 25.

On the mountains of Virginia and Carolina. 7/. July.
v. v. Flowers smaller, and not so apt to change colour.

3. M. panicula superne racemosa feminea, petalis subro-

tundis unguiculatis plicato-undulatis vix maculatis,
extus hirsutis. — Walt.fi. car. 125.

M. latifolium. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 25.

M. racemosum. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 251.

On the side of hills, in moist fertile sail : Virginia and
Carolina. 7/ . June, July. v. v. Flowers small,
pale white, and do not change.

318. ZIGADENLJS. Mich.fi.amer.\.p.2\3.

1 . Z. scapo folioso, bracteis ovatis acuminatis, petalis acu- glaberrimus .

minatis.

Icon. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 214. t. 22.

In low meadows : Virginia and Lower Carolina. 1/ .

June, July, v.v , Flowers white, the size of Vera-
trum album ; leaves long, recurved and channelled.

2. Z. scapo subnudo, bracteis linearibus, petalis acutis. elegans .

On the waters of Cokahlaishkit river, near the Rocky-

mountains. M. Lewis. 7/ . July. v. s. in Herb. Lewis.

Flowers white.

Folia radicalia, erecta, longissime-linearia, glabra, line-
ato-nervosa, plana, scapo breviora. Scapus teres,
simplex, uno alterove folio brevi instructus, subbipe-
dalis. Racemus multiflorus, interdum basi ramosus.

Bractece lineares, nervosa, membranaceae, longitudine
pedicellorum. Flores albidi, magnitudine Melanthi
virginici. Petala ovata, acuta, subunguiculata, basi
glandulis 2. cinnabarinis notata. Filamenta corolla
breviora. Stigmata 3. reflexa.

VOL. I. R

241

monoicum .

hybridum >

242

HEXANDRXA TRIGYNIA.

viride.

310. VERATRUM. Gen.pl. 1564.

1. V. racemis paniculatis, bracteis ramorum oblongo-lan-

ijiorum .

ceolatis, partialibus pedunculo subpubescente longio-
ribus, foliis lato-ovatis plicatis. — Willd. sp.pl.4.p.8gQ.
V. album. Mich.fi. amer. 2. p. 24 g.

In swamps and on mountain bogs : Canada to Carolina.
11. July. v. v. A stately plant, from three to six
feet high $ Rowers greenish-yellow.

2. V. racemis paniculatis, ramis filiformibus, floribus pe-
dicellatis stellatis, petalis ovali-Janceolatis utrinque
acutis ungue staminiferis, foliis ovalibus lanceolatisve
planis glabris. — Midi. Jl. amer. 2. p . 250.

Melanthium bracteolare. Lara, encijd. 4 . p. 25.

On high mountains of Carolina. 7/ . July. v. v. et
v. s . in Herb. Lyon. Flowers small, green.
angustifolium . 3. V. altum, dioicumj panicula simplici, petalis linearibus,
foliis longissimis linearibus carinatis.

On high mountains of Virginia and Carolina. 7/ . June.
v. v. Flowers greenish-yellow.

320. HELONIAS. Gen. pi. 622. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 211.
latifolia. 1. H. scapo subaphyllo, spica ovata conferta, bracteis li-

neari-lanceolatis, foliis lanceolatis mucronatis nervosis.
- — Mich. Jl: amer. 1. p. 212.

K. bullata. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 273.

Icon Bot. mag. 747* Bot. rep. 352. Pink. aim. t. \ J4.f.5.

In shady swamps on sandy soil : New Jersey to Virginia.
V . May. v. v. Flowers purple $ anthers blue.
erythrosper - 2. H. scapo folioso, racemo oblongo, bracteis brevibus ob-

nia. longis, foliis glabris lanceolato-linearibus, seminibus

ovatis legumine carnoso rubentibus. — Mich. jl. amer. 1 .
p. 212.

H. laeta. Bot. mag. 803.

Melanthium laetum. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 2 67.

Melanthium phalangioides. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 28.

Melanthium Muscaetoxicum. JValt.fi. car. 125.

Anthericum subtrigynum. Jacq. ic. rar. 2. t. 41 9.

In shady moist situations on river banks, and on high
mountains: Pensyivania to Carolina. 7/. June, July.
v v. Root a kind of bulb j flowers first white, then
changing to green ) anthers white : seeds covered with
a red substance.

angustifolia. 3. H. scapo inferne folioso, racemo oblongo laxo, bracteis
brevibus, foliis longissimis aogustissimisque, capsulis

ftEXANDRlA TRIGYNIA. HelonlaS;

243

oblongis, seminibus anguslo-linearibus.-— -Mzc/i. fi.
amer. 1 . p. 212.

In shady wet woods of Carolina and Georgia. 7/ .July.
v. s.

4. H. scapo folioso, racemo oblongo conferto, bracteis seta- aspkodeloides0

ceis, filamentis basi latioribus corollam aequantibus,
foliis subulato-setaceis.- Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 2J5.

Icon. Bot. mag. 748. Pluk,. mant. t . 342. fi 3.

On the sandy plains of New Jersey and Carolina. 7/ .

May, June. v. v. Flowers white, small ; root a kind
of bulb : the leaves form large tufts resembling those
of some Carices.

5. H. scapo folioso, racemo specioso laxo, bracteis mem- tenax.

branaceis, petalis ellipticis, filamentis filiformibus co-
rollam superantibus, foliis subulato-setaceis longis-
simis.

On high lands near the Rocky-rnountains. M. Lewis.

7/. June. v. s. Flowers white 5 anthers yellow. It
approaches near to the foregoing species, but its flow-
ers are three times larger, and probably an essential
distinction may lie in the seed-vessel, which I have
not seen. This plant is very useful to the natives :
out of its very tenacious leaves they w7eave thier water-
tight baskets, which they use for cooking their vic-
tuals in.

6. H. scapo folioso, racemo spicato nutante, pedicellis
brevissimis subebracteatis, filamentis corolla longiori-
bus, petalis linearibus, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis.

H. lutea. Bot. rnag. 10 62.

H. pumila. Jacq. ic. rar. 2. t. 453.

Veratrum luteum. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 8Q/.

Melanthium dioicum. IVblt. fi. car. 126.

Melanthium densum. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 2d.

In dry shady and hilly situations: Pensylvania to Georgia.
7/. July. v. v. Root bulbous, known by the name
of Star -wort, and considered a remedy in colic.
Flower white, male and female on different plants,
which is a singularity in this family of plants.

Jacquin’s H. pumila is without doubt an unexpanded
spike of a male of this species : the appearance of a
germen inferum is occasioned by the male flower
being divested of its petals; and no female fructification
appearing, the small pedicel was considered to be the
rudiments of a germen.

R 2

244

dubia»

virginica.

sessile.

peiiolatim .

pictum.

hexandria trigynia. Helonias.

7. H. ? scapo nudo, spica gracili, floribus sessilibus, foliis
longissimis angustissimisque. — Mich. fi. amer. 1.
p. 213.

On the sandy fields of Georgia and Florida. Michaux.
2/ . -j- . Scape nearly three feet high $ flowers small.

321. MEDEOLA. Gen.pl.6ig.

1. M. foliis in medio caule verticillatis, summitate ternis,
ovali-lanceolatis, pedicellis aggregatis terminalibus. —
Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 270.

Icon. Bot. mag. 1316. Pluk. aim. t. 328. f. 4.

Jn fertile shady woods, near rivulets : Canada to Georgia.
2C . April, May. v. v. Flowers yellowish-green;
anthers brown. This plant is known by the name
Indian Cucumber : the roots have a strong resemblance
in taste and flavour to cucumbers, and are eaten by
the natives.

322. TRILLIUM. Gen. pi. 620.

1. T. flore sessili erecto, petalis lanceolatis erectis calyce

duplo longioribus, foliis sessilibus lato-ovalibus acutis.
- — Willd- sp. pl. 2. p. 272.

Icon. Bot. mag. 40. Catesb. car. 1. t. 50. Pluk. aim.
t. 111. /. 6.

On the side of fertile hills, in shady and rocky grounds :
Pensylvania to Carolina. 2/. April, May. v. v.
Flower dark chocolate brown ; berry purple. I have
seen a specimen with yellow flowers, brought from
the Cherokee nation, which probably may be a di-
stinct species.

2. T. flore sessili erecto, petalis lineari-lanceolatis erectis

calyce paulo longioribus, foliis longissime petiolatis
ovali-lanceolatis acutis.

Cn the waters of the Kooskoosky. M. Lewis. 2/ .
June. v. s. This singular species, whose flowers
resemble those of the first species, has leaves very
much like Plantago major.

3. T. peduncuio erectiusculo, petalis ovali-lanceolatis acu-

tis recurvatis calyce angusto subduplo longioribus,
foliis ovatis acuminatis basi rotundatis abrupte petio*
latis.

T. erythrocarpum. Mich. fi,, amer. 1. p. 21 6.

T. undulatum. IVIlld. hort. her. 1. p. 55.

In sphagnous bogs, on the high mountains of Pensylva-

HEX ANDRJ A TRI6YNIA. Trillium.

245

nia, Carolina, and Canada. 7/. May, Jane. V. v.
Flowers white, with purple veins at the bottom j
berry scarlet.

4. T. pedunculo erecto, petalis oblongis acutis patentibus

calyce lineari paulo longioribus, foliis ovatis sensim
acutis arcte sessilibus.

On the rapids of Columbia river. M. Lewis. 1/. April.
v. s. Flowers pale purple.

5. T. pedunculo erecto, petalis calyce vix longioribus,

foliis ovali-oblongis obtusis sessilibus. — Mich. JL.
amer. 1. p. 21 5.

In the pine- woods of Lower Carolina. Michaux. I/.
May. v. s. Flowers deep flesh-colour.

6. T. pedunculo recurvato, petalis lanceolatis acuminatis

planis reflexis longitudine et latitudine calycis, foliis
dilatato-rhomboideis abrupte acuminatis brevissime
petiolatis. — IVilld. sp. pl, 2. p. 2/1.

Icon. Bot. mag. 954. Smith spicii. 4.

In shady rocky situations : Pensylvania to Carolina ; par-
ticularly on the banks of Schuylkill near Philadelphia,
2/. May. v.v. Petals white; berries purple. This
may be called the largest of the genus, as I have often
seen it near two feet high, with leaves measuring
nine inches in diameter. Catesby’s figure of this spe-
cies is, according to Dr. Smith’s observation, so er-
roneously represented that it would only create confu-
sion to quote it here.

7. T. pedunculo inclinato, flore nutante, petalis ovatis

acuminatis planis patentibus calyce vix longioribus
multo latioribus, foliis lato-rhomboideis acuminatis
sessilibus. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p 27 1.
a. T. flore majore, petalis atropurpureis.

T. rhomboideum x. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 215.

T. foetidum. Parad. lond. 35.

Icon. Bot. mag. 4?0.

/3.T. flore minore, petalis albis, germine rubro.

T. erectum (3. Bot. 'mag. 1027.

On the mountains, in boggy soil : Pensylvania to Ca-
rolina. 7/ . May. v. v. Flowers either dark purple
or white, changing to red with a red germ ; berries
almost black.

8. T. pedunculo erecto, petalis obovatis obtusiusculis planis

patentibus calyce vix longioribus et latioribus, foliis
ovato- rbombeis acuminatis arcte sessilibus.

ovatum.

pumilum.

cernuum.

erectum .

atropurpu-

reum.

album.

olovatum.

2 46

HF.XANDRIA TRIGYNIA, Trillium.

pendulum .

grandiflorum.

pusilla ,

pubescens ,

glutinosa.

T. camtschatpim. Pallas in herb. Lambert .

In Canada near Montreal, if.. s. Flowers dark
rose-coloured, probably white when first opening.
The specimens in the herbarium of A. B. Lambert,
Esq. agree in every respect with those from Canada.

9. T. pedunculo inclinato, flore pendulo, petalis ovatis

brevi-acuminatis planis patentibus calycem ovatum acu-
minatum subaequantibus, foliis subrotundo-rhomboideis
acuminatis subsessilibus. — Willd. hort. berol. ] . t 35.
On the mountains of Pensyl vania. I/. April, May. v.v.
Petals of a dirty white, with netted veins.

10. T. pedunculo inclinato, flore subcernuo petalis spathu-

lato-lanceolatis basi erectis, limbo patentibus calyce
multo majoribus, foliis late rhombeo-ovatis.— Farad,
lond.t. 1. Bot.mag.835.

T. rhomboideum y. grandiflorum. Mich. jl. amer. 1,
p. 21 6.

On the mountains and rocky banks of rivers : Virginia
and Carolina. 1/. May. v.v. Flowers large, white j
berries dark purple. The roots of the whole genus
are considered as possessing strong medicinal powers.

323. TOFIELDXA. Huds.Jl. angl. 157-

Narthecium. Juss. Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 20Q,

1. T. tota glabra, foliis brevissimis, scapo filiformi, spica

pauciflora conglobata, calyculo rachi adnato, capsula
globosa. — Mich.jl. amer. 1. p.20g.

In bogs on the mountains, near lakes, and particularly
Lake Mistassins. — i/. June, July. v. v . Flowers
greenish- white.

2. T. scapo, rachi pedicellisque pubescenti-asperis, spica
' oblonga interrupta, capsula subglobosa vix calycem

superante.— -Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 209.

Melanthium racemosum. Walt. Jl. car. 126.

Anthericum calyculatum. Gronov. nec Linn.

In swamps and sphagnous woods : Virginia and Caro-
lina. 1/. July. v.v. Flowers white 3 anthers yellow.

3. T. scapo pedicellisque glutinoso- scabro, spica fasciculis

paucis alternantibus, capsula ovoidea calyce duplo lon-
giore.— Midi Jl. amer. 1. p. 210.

From Quebec to Lake Mistassins. Michaux. !/• +•
It has the appearance of Anthericum Ossifragum, ac-
cording to Michaux’ s observation 5 and as I have neve?

HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Tofieldia.

24;

seenany other plant approaching to it than Narthe-
cium americanum, p. I'Ll, I was induced to take them
as synonymous ; but after investigation, — vid. Bot.
mag. 1505, — a specimen in the Banksian Herbarium
seems to apply better to Michaux’s plant, if his short
definition of the species is sufficient to decide on the
subject.

324. TRIGLOCHIN. Gen. pi. 6l6.

1. T. floribus 6*andris, capsulis brevibus ovatis sulcatis 6-

locularibus. — JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 2 65.

Icon. FI. dan. 306. Engl. lot. 2 55,

On the inundated sea-coast of Canada and New England.
1/ . July. v. v. A plant of a rush-like appearance ;
flowers very small.

2. T. floribus 3 -andris, capsulis linearibus basi attenuatis

laevibus 3-locularibus. — JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 264.

Icon. FI. dan. 4Q0. Engl. lot. 3 66.

In marshes round the bait-lake of Onondago, New
York. 1/ . July. v. v.

3. T. floribus 3-andris 3-fidis breviter pedicellatis, capsulis

trigono-subrotundis, foliis subsetaceis scapum spicamve
subaequantibus. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 203.

In overflowed marshes, near Charlestown, Carolina.
Michaux. 2/ . -f- .

325. SCHEUCHZERIA. Gen. pl. 615.

1. Scheuchzeria. JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 263.

Icon. FI. dan. 76.

In swamps and on the borders of lakes. New York near
Albany. 1/ . June. v. v. Flowers greenish-yellow.

326. RUMEX. Gen.pl. 613.

1. R. hermaphroditus j valvulis integerrimis oblongis, uni-

ca praecipue granifera, foliis cordato-lanceolatis. —
Wdlld. sp. pl. 2. p. 250.

Icon. Engl, lot . 1533.

In shady woods and moist meadows : Pensylvania to
Virginia. 2/. June. July, v, v. Leaves with red
veins flowers, as in all the rest, very inconspicuous.

2. R. hermaphroditus j valvulis ovatis integris, omnibus gra-

niferis, foliis lanceolatis undulatis acuds. — JVilld. sp.
pl. 2. p.25\.

maritimum .

palustre .

triandrum ,

palustris .

sanguineus.

crispus .

24S

HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Humex.

ver titillatus.

Iritannicus.

psrsicarioides.

crispatulus.

oltusifolius.

aquaticus.

digynus .

Icon. Curt. lond. 2. t. 20.

In dry fields and pastures, common. 1/. July. v. v.

3. R. hermaphroditus; valvulis integerrimis, omnibus gra-

niferis, spicis aphyllis, foliis lanceolatis, vaginis cylin-
dricis.— Willd. sp. pt. 2. p. 250.

In rivulets and shady woods : Canada to Virginia. If..
July. v. v.

4. R. hermaphroditus ; valvulis integerrimis, omnibus gra-

niferis, paniculae spicis aphyllis, vaginis obsolete lace-
ris, foliis lato- lanceolatis planis laevibus. — Willd. sp,
pl. 2. p. 250.

Near rivulets: Virginia and Carolina. If. June, July.
v. v.

5. R. hermaphroditus ; valvulis dentatis, omnibus grani-

feris, foliis lanceolatis undatis integris. — Willd'. sp.
pl. 2. p. 252

In shady wet woods, on the banks of ditches : Virginia
and Carolina. ©. July. v.v.

6. R. hermaphroditus ; valvulis obtuse cordatis utrinque

cristatis tridentatis, una nuda, binis inaequaliter gra-
niferis, spicis aphyllis, foliis inferioribus ovalibus, su-r
perioribus lanceolatis, omnibus undulatis. — - Mich . fl.
amer. 1, p. 21/.

In Kentucky. Michaux. +. Affinis R. persicarioideo.

7. R. hermaphroditus : valvulis dentatis, unica praecipue

granifera, foliis radicalibus cordatis obtusis, caule sca-
briusculo.- — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 254.

Icon. Engl. lot. 1999.

In old pastures and gardens, as a common weed ; proba-
bly introduced, 7/. June, July. v. v. Common
Dock.

8. R. hermaphroditus ; valvulis ovatis integris obsolete gra-

niferis, foliis cordato-lanceoiatis acutis. — Willd. sp.
pi. 2. p. 255.

Icon Engl. lot. 2104.

In small ponds and ditches : Pensylvania to Virginia :
rare. If. July, Aug. v.v.

9. R. hermaphroditus, digynus; valvulis ovatis integris

grano destitutis, foliis radicalibus reniformibus longius
petiolatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 258.

Icon. Fl. dan. 14. Plak. aim. t. 252, f. 2.

In Labrador. Colmaster. ff. June, July. v. s, in
Herb. Dickson,

HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Rumex.

10. R. dioica ; foliis lanceolato-hastatis, valvulis grano desti-
tutis.— Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 260.

Icon. Engl. hot. 1574.

Common in all dry fields and gravelly hills. 1/. June
— Aug. v. v.

32 7. SMILAX. Gen . pi 1528.

* Caule fruticoso ; ramis angulatis.

1. S. subinermis 5 foliis lanceolatis acuminatis basi auricu-

lato hastatis margine ciliato-aculeatis 3— 5-nervibus,
baccis globosis. — IVilld. sp.pl. 4. p. 782.

S. Bona nox. Midi. jt. amer. 2. p. 237. Walt. fl.
car. 245.

S. aspera £. Lam. encycl. 6 . p. 4 65.

Icon. Pink. aim. t. 111./. 3.

(3. S. foliis longis angustis lanceolatis. Walt.jl. car. 245.
On the sea-coast of Carolina and Florida. • June,
July. v. v.

2. S. inermis ; foliis cordato-ovatis acutis ciliato-aculeatis

7-nervibus. Willd. sp.pl. 4. p. 781.

S. variegata. Walt. fl. car. 244.

Icon. Pink. aim. t. 111./. 1.

In woods of Carolina and Georgia. Pj • July. v. v.

3. S. aculeata ; caule tetragono superne inermi, foliis iner-

mibus ovatis subcordatis acutis 5-nervibus. — Willd. sp.
pl. 4. p. 775.

In dry woods, on the edges of ponds : Pensylvaniato
Carolina. ^ • June> July. v. v. Berries black.

4. S. aculeata ; foliis cordato-ovatis laevibus 3-nervibus,

baccis acuminatis.

S. China ? Walt. fl. car. 245.

In the lower sandy countries of Virginia and Carolina,
on river sides. I? . July. v. v. Berries red.

5. S. aculeata 5 foliis inermibus ovato-Ianceolatis cuspidatis

sub-5-nervibus subtus glaucescentibus, pedunculo
communi petiolo longiore. — Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 776.
S. glauca. Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 237- Walt.jl. car. 245.
In hedges and swamps, common. . June, July. v. v.

6. S. subinermis $ foliis inermibus ovatis acutis cuspidatis

3-nervibus concoloribus, pedunculo communi petiolo
breviore.

Near Savannah in Georgia. Enslen. J? • July. v. s ,
Leaves very shining on both sides j berries black.

249
Acelosella .

hastata .

lanceolata.
Bona nox.

quadrangula -
ris.

Waited .

Sarsaparilla .

ovata .

250

EEX ANDRIA TRIGYNI A. Smilax.

alba.

lanceolata.

pul era.

Pseudo - Chi -
na.

rotundifolia.

caduca.

laurifolia.

/. S. subinermis j caule obsolete angulato, foliis elonga to-
lanceolatis coriaceis glabris integerrimis 3-nervibus,
umbellis paucifloris brevissime pedunculatis.

In sandy grounds, on the edge of rivulets : Carolina.
Walter. I2 • June. v. s. in Herb. Walter. Berries
white.

Caule fruticoso ; ramis teretibus.

8. S. inermis ; foliis inermibus lanceolatis, umbellis multi-

floris longe pedunculatis.— Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 783.
Icon. Catesb. car. 2. t. S4.

Near the sea-coast of Virginia and Carolina. 1? . May,
June. v. v. Berries red.

9. S, inermis ; foliis oblongis acutis cordatis sub-5~nervibus

subtus molliter pubescentibus, umbellis breviter pe-
dunculatis, pedicellis brevissimis, baccis oblongis acu-
tis.— W ilici, sp. pl. 4. p. 785. Mich. Jl. amer. 2.
p. 238.

S. pumiia. Walt.fl. car. 244.

In shady woods : Carolina and Georgia. T? . May. v. s.
in Herb. Lyon. According to Walter, the berries are
white.

10. S. inermis ; foliis inermibus, caulinis cordatis, rameis

ovato-oblongis 5-nervibus, pedunculis longissimis.' — -
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 785.

Icon. Sloan, jam. 1. t. 143. f 1.

In sandy fields and dry woods : New Jersey to Carolina.
T? . May, June. v. v. The roots very large, and are

searched after by hogs.

11. S. sparse aculeata ; foliis subrotundo-ovatis acuminatis

levissime cordatis 5-nervibus, baccis sphaericis. —
Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 77g.

Common in hedge-rows : Canada to Carolina. I2 .
June. v. v.

12. S. aculeata ; foliis ovatis mucronatis 5-nervibus, pedun-

culo communi vix petiolo longior e.— -Willd. sp.pl. 4.
p. 780.

In dry fields : Canada to Virginia. Ij . June. v. v.

13. S. aculeata ; ramis inermibus, foliis coriaceis ellipticis

vel ellipticodanceolatis obtusis recurvato-acutis 3-ner-
vibus, umbellis brevissime pedunculatis. — Willd. sp .
pl. 4. p. 779.

Icon. Cathb car. 1. t. 15.

In sandy boggy woods : New Jersey to Georgia, Tj .

251

HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Smilax.

July. Aug. v. v. A very handsome vine, with very
thick smooth leaves.

14. S. aculeata ; foliis ovato-panduraeformibus acuminatis
3-nervibus, pedunculo communi petiolo duplo lon-
giore.

In sandy woods : New Jersey to Carolina. T? . July.
v, v. Leaves smooth and shining on both sides.

*** Caule herlaceo.

\ 15. S. caule tereti scandente, foliis longe petiolatis triangu-

lato-cordatis rotundato-obttisis, nervis glabris. — Willd.
sp. pl. 4. p. 780.

Icon. Catesl. car. 1. t. 52.

In sandy wet woods and bogs : Virginia and Carolina.
I/. July. v. v.

16. S. caule angulato erecto simplici, foliis longe petiolatis
ovalibus 7-nervibus, umbellis longissime pedunculatis,
pedunculo compresso, baccis depresso-globosis. —
mild. sp. pl 4. p. 782.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 225. f. 4.

In dry fields, on the edges of woods : New York to Ca-
rolina. I/. June, July. v. v.

I *7 S. caule tereti scandente, foliis subrotundo-ovatis corda-
tis acuminatis g-nervibus, umbellis longissime pedun-
culatis. — Willd. sp . pl. 4. p. 786.

In old fields on the edges of woods : Canada to Pensyl-
vania. I/ . May— July. v. v.

328. DIOSCOREA. Gen. pl. 1530.

1. D. foliis verticillatis quaternis alternisve cordatis acumi-

natis utrinque glabris 9-nervibus, nervis lateralibus
bifidis. — Walt.Jl. car. 246.

In hedges and old fields: Virginia and Carolina. 7/.,
July. v. v.

2. D. foliis alternis oppositis verticillatisque cordatis acumi-

natis subtus pubescentibus 9-nervibus, nervis laterali-
bus simplicibus. — Willd. sp. pl. 4, p. 796.

D. quinata. Walt.Jl. car. 24 6.

D. paniculata. Midi. jl. amer. 2. p. 23 9.

Icon. Jacq. ic . t. 626. Pluk. aim. t. 3 75. f. 5.

In woods and hedges common : Canada to Carolina. 1/ .
May, June. v. a.

panduratus.

tamnoides.

herlacea.

peduncularis.

quaternata .

villosa ,

252

HEXANDRIA TETRAGYNIA.

cernuus.

populifolia .

trivialis.

IV. TETRAGYNIA.

32 g. SAURURUS. Gen. pi. 632.

1 * S. caule folioso polystachyo, foliis sagit tato-cordatis.— -
JVilld. sp.pl. 2. p . 292.

Anonymos aquatica. Walt, fl car. 127.

Mattuschkea aquatica. Gmel. syst. nat. 589.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 11 J.f 3 4.

In swamps and shady «wet woods, frequent : Canada to
Carolina. 1/. Aug. Sept. v.v.

V. POLYGYNIA .

330. WENDLANDIA. JVilld. sp. pi. 2. p. 2?5.

I. Wendlandia. JVilld. 1. c.

Androphylax scandens. JVendl. ols. 38.

Menispermum carolinianum. Walt.Jl. car. 24S. Mich.

Jl. amer. 2. p. 242.

Cissampelos smilacina. JVilld. sp. pi. 4. p. 863.

Icon. Wendl . hort. t. 16. Jacq. ic. rar. 3. t. 629. Catesb .
car. 1 . t. 51.

In hedges and woods : Carolina to Florida. \ . June,
July. v. v. Flowers very small, greenish-white ;
berries red. I venture to take Cissampelos smilacina
as a synonym, although Jacquin’s figure deviates in
character very much from the present genus j but as
I have had the opportunity of seeing the Menispermum
of the above authors frequently in flower, I am con-
vinced that all the above synonyma are correct : the
number of stamina being variable, brings the ge-
nus so near to Menispermum , that I should not have
taken it from it, if it were not on the authority of
Willdenow.

331. ALISMA. Gen. pi. 625.

J. A. foliis ovalibus cordatis obtusissimis 9-nervibus, um-

bellis corhposite verticillato-paniculatis, fructibus ob-
tuse-trigonis.

HEXANDRIA POLYGYNIA. Alisma.

A. Plantago. Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p. 218.

In ditches and ponds, common : Canada to Florida. 1/. .
July. v. v.

2. A. foliis ovalibus subcordatis abrupte acuminatis 5-nervi-

bus umbellis composite verticillato-paniculatis, pedi-
cellis filiformibus.

In salt-marshes, on the coast of New Jersey and Pen-
sylvania. I/. July, Aug. v. v. Leaves and flowers
small. Both species approach near to A . Plantago ,
but are sufficiently distinct to admit them to be called
species.

3. A. pusilla; foliis lineari-subulatis, umbellis subsimplici-

bus — Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 279.

In overflowed places : New York to Florida, scarce ;
plentifully on the shores of the Delaware near Phila-
delphia, to the edge of low water mark. 0. Aug.
v. v . A small plant, with flowers in proportion large.

4. A. foliis ovatis obtusis, pedunculis solitariis. Willd. sp.

pl. 2. p. 278.

In stagnant waters, on the banks of the St. Laurence*
1/ . July. v. s .

253

parviflora .

sululata .

Wtans*

VII. HEPTANDRIA.

americana.

/

Pavia.

I. MONOGYNIA.

332. TRIENTALIS. Cal. 7"- phyllus. Cor. 7"Par^h3*

plana. Bac. 1-locularis sicca.

333. AESCULUS. Cal. 5-dentatus. Cor. 5-petala, in-

aequalis, calyci inserta. Caps. 3-locuIaris.

I. MONO G YNIA.

332. TRIENTALIS. Gen. pi. 626.

1. T. foliis angusto-lanceolatls acuminatis obliquis.

T. europaea. Mich. Jl. aiver. 1. p. 220.

In cedar swamps and other sphagnous places on high
mountains : Canada to Virginia. 21 . July, Aug.
v. v. Flowers white. This delicate little plant differs
considerably from the European sort, although Mi-
chaux considers it to be the same.

\ ...

333. AESCULUS. Gen. pi. 628.

1. A. foliis quinatis glabris inaequaliter serratis, racemo
laxo, fasciculis subtridoris, corollis 4-petaiis, petalo-
rum conniventium unguibus longitudine calycis, sta-
minibus 7' corolla brevioribus, fructibus inermibus. — -
Willd. sp . pl. 2. p. 2 Sf).

Icon. Schmidt arb. 3g. Treiu ehrct. t. 15. Mich.
arb. . . .

Iri fertile valleys, on the mountains of Virginia and Ca-
rolina. . May, June. v. v. Flower scarlet ; ge-
nerally only a shrub or small tree.

EEPTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. iEsCuluS.

2. A. foliis quinatis utrinque acuminatis subtus tomentosis

inaequaliter serrulatis, racemo thyrsoideo, fasciculis
multifloris, corollis 4-petalis, petalorum conniventium
unguibus longitudine calycis, staminibus 7. corolla
brevioribus, fructibus inermibus»

In Georgia, principally the western territory. Lyon .
Tj . May. v. v. Not above four feet high j flowers
yellow, white, and purple variegated.

3. A. foliis quinatis subtus ad costam pubescentibus aequa-

liter serrulatis, racemo thyrsoideo, fasciculis multiflo-
ris, corollis 4-petalis, petalorum conniventium ungui-
bus calyce longioribus, staminibus corolla brevioribus,
fructibus inermibus. — - Willd . sp.pl. 2. p. 280.

A. lutea. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 2\g.

Icon. Schmidt arb. 40. Act. soc. nat. heroi. 8. t. 6 .
Mich. arb. . . .

In the mountains of Virginia and Carolina, and woods of
Kentucky. Tj . May, June. v. v. Grows to a large
tree; flowers .yellow.

4. A. foliis quinatis glaberrimis, corollis 4-petalis patulis,

unguibus longitudine calycis, staminibus corolla lon-
gioribus, fructibus spinosis. Willd. enum. pl. 405.

In the western counties of Pensylvania and Virginia. Tj .
June. v. v.

5. A. foliis quinatis, corollis 4-petalis patulis, unguibus

calyce brevioribus, staminibus corolla duplo longiori-
bus, fructibus spinosis. Willd.. enum. 406.

In the forests of Kentucky, • June. v. s. A tall tree.

6. A. foliis quinatis subtus subtomentosis serrulatis, racemo

longissimo laxo, fasciculis subtrifloris, corollis 4-pe-
talis patulis, staminibus longissime exertis. — Mich.fi.
amer. 1 . p. 220.

A. parviflora. Walt.fi. car. 128.

On the banks of rivers : Georgia, principally near St.
Augustin. \ . May, June. v. v. A small shrub ;
flowers white, very ornamental. The whole of this
genus is known in their native countries by the name
of Buck's^eye-tree.

255

discolor.

Jlava.

glabra.

pallida .

macrosta -
chya.

VIII. OCTANDRIA.

I. MONOGYNIA.

* Germen inferum.

334. RHEXIA. Cal. 4- fidus. Cor. 4-petala, calyci in-

serta. Anth. declinatae. Caps. 4-locularis, intra
ventrem calycis.

335. EPILOBIUM. Cal. 4-fidus, tubulosus. Cor. 4-pe-

tala. Caps, oblonga, 4-locularis. Sem. papposa.
330. GAURA. Cat. 4-fidus, tubulosus. Cor. 4-petala,
adscendens. Nuoc I-sperma. 4-angula.

337. CLARKIA. Cal. 4-fklus, tubulosus. Cor. 4-petala :

petala cruciatim 3-loba. Filam. 4. castrata. Caps .
4-locularis.

338. CENOTHERA. Cal. 4-fidus, tubulosus. Cor. 4-

petala : petalis integris. Filam. omnia fertilia. Anth ,
lineares. Caps. 4- locularis.

339. OXYCOGCUS. Cal. 4-fidus. Cor. 4- partita : la-

ciniis sublinearibus, revolutis. Filam. conniventia.
Anth. tubulosae, bipartitae. Baeca polysperma.

* # Germen superum.

340. MENZIESIA. Cal. 1-phyllus. Cor. 1 -petala, ovata.

Fil. receptaculo inserta. Caps. 4-locularis, dissepi-
menta e marginibus inflexis valvularum. Sem. nu-
merosa, oblonga.

341. DIOS PY ROS. Cal. 4-fidus. Cor. nrceolata, 4-fida.

Styl. 4-fidus. Bacca 8-sperma. Polygama.

342. ACER. Cal. 5-fidus. Pet. 5. Samarae 1. basi uni-

tae, l-spermae, alatae. Polygamum .

343. DIRCA. Cal. 0. Cor. tubulosa, limbo obsoleto.

Siam, tubo longiore. Bacca 1-sperma.

344. JEFFERSON IA. Cal. 5-phyllus, deciduus. Pet. 8.

mcurvo-patemia. Caps, obovata, substipitata, l-lo-

'zzu'zu - uued

zarut/ cu/tzja

OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

257

cularis, infra apicem dehiscens. Sem. plura, oblonga,
ad basin arillata,

345. PISTIA. Cal. spatha tubuloso-cucullata, lingulata.

Cor. 0. Filam. laterale. Anther. 3 — 8. Caps . 1 -
locularis, polysperma.

II. DIGYNIA.

346. CHRYSOPLENIUM. Cal. 4-fidus, coloratus. Cor. 0.
Caps, birostris, 1-locularis, polysperma.

III. TRIGYNIA.

347. POLYGONUM. Cal. 0. Cor. 5-partita, calycina,

Sem. 1 . angulatum, tectum.

348. BRUNNICHIA. Cal. angulatus, 5-fidus, demum

coriaceus. Cor. 0. Caps. 1-sperma, inclusa calyce
valde aucto, pedicello ensiforrni-dilatato suffulto.

349. CARDIOSPERMUM. Cal. 4-phyllus. Pet. 4. Nec-

tar. 4-phyllum, inaequale. Caps. 3. connatae, in-
flatae.

350. SAPINDUS. Cal. 4-phyllus. Pet. 4. Caps, car-

nosae, connatae, ventricosae.

IV. TETRAGYNIA.

351. MYRIOPHYLLUM. Cal. 4-fidus. Pet. 4. caduca.

Siam. 4. 6. 8. Styl. 0. Sem. 4. corticata*

I. MONOGYNIA.

334. RHEXrA. Gen.pl. 636.

1. R. caule rufescenti hirsutissimo, foliis hirsutis subpetio-
latis, ovali-lanceolatis, lanceolatis linearibusve, calyce
longo tubuloso glabriusculo.— - Mich. fi, amer . 1.
p. 221. IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 301.

Icon. Pluk. mani. L 428. f. 1. Lam. illustr. 283. f. 1.

«, R. foliis angusto-lanceolatis vel oblongis, floribus satu-
rate purpureis. Mich. I. c.

VOL. I. S

marianal

purpurea.

258

OCTANDRIA MONOGYNJA. Rhexia.

rubella.

exalbida.

ciliosa.

virginica .

7-nervia.

glabella .

Alifanus.

stricta.

lutea .

/3. R. foliis ovali-lanceolatis vel oblongis, floribus dilute ru-
bellis. Mich. 1. c.

y. R. foliis linearibus, caule hirsutiore, floribus pallidis»
Mich. I. c.

R. lanceolata. Walt.Jl. car. 12g.

In bogs and sandy woods, near waters : New Jersey to
Carolina. 7/. July, Aug. v.v. From one to thre«
feet high j flowers handsome.

2. R. caule subquadrangulo glabro, foliis parvis subpetiola-

tis ovalibus subtus glabris, supra rariter hispidis, mar-
gine distincte ciliatis, floribus subsolitariis involucratis,
antheris breviusculis.— Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 221.

R. petiolata. Walt.Jl. car. 130 ?

In bogs of Lower Carolina. 7/ . July, Aug. v. s. in
Herb. Enslen. Flowers large, beautiful purple.

3. R. caule alato-angulato pilis rarioribus adsperso, foliis

sessilibus ovali-lanceolatis denticulis setaceis distinctis-
que ciliato- serratis, hirsutie sparsa utrinque hispidulis.
Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 222.

Icon. Bot. mag. 968. Pluk. aim. t. 202. f. 8. Lam .
illustr. t. 283./ 2.

j3. R. caule 4-5-pedali. Walt.Jl. car. 130.

On the edges of ponds, in wet woods and bogs : New
York to Carolina. 7/. July, Aug. v.v. Flowers
large, purple, and very handsome.

4. R. caule cylindraceo glabro, foliis sessilibus erectis lan-

ceolatis laevibus glabris tenuissime denticulatis, caly-
cibus brevissime hirsutie glutinosis. Mich.Jl. amer. I*
p. 222.

j3. R. foliis subovatis. Walt.Jl. car. 130.

In sandy moist woods : Carolina and Georgia. 7/ .
July. v. s. in Herb. Enslen. Flowers the largest of
the North American sorts, deep purple.

5. R. caule stricte-erecto alato-tetragono glabro ad genicula

brevi -barbato, foliis sessilibus erectis angusto-lanceo*
latis attenuato-acuminatis trinervibus utrinque glabris,
corymbo dichotomo, calycibus glabriusculis.

In the bogs of Lower Carolina and Georgia. 7/ . June,
July. v. s. in Herb. Enslen. Flowers very handsome,
purple.

6. R. caulequadrangulo hirsuto, foliis rariter longiusculeque

hirsutis, inferioribus cuneato-oblongis obtusis, supe-
rioribus lanceolatis, antheris breviusculis. Mich. JL
amer. 1. p. 222. Walt.Jl. car . 130.

OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. RheXl'a,

259

In pine-woods of Georgia and Florida. G* June, July.
v. s. in Herb. Leconte . Flowers small, yellow.

R. caule cylindrico subpubescente, foliis alternis lineari-
bus oblongis obtusis sessilibus utrinque pubescentibus,
floribus subsolilariis. — Lam. encycl. 6. p . 2.

In Carolina. Bosc. +. Flowers yellow.

335. EPILOBIUM. Gen.pl. 639.

1. E. foliis sparsis lineari-lanceolatis venosis glabris, floribus

inaequalibus, staminibus declinatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 313.

Icon. FI. dan. 289. Curt.fl. lond. 2. t. 24.

In wet springy ground in the mountains of New Hamp-
shire, New York, and Pensylvania, also in Canada.
I/. July. v. v. Flowers beautiful purple, sometimes
white 3 the plant often above five feet high.

2. E. foliis alternis lanceobto-ovatis subintegerrimis pubes-

centibus aveniis, floribus inaequalibus. iVilld . sp. pl. 2.
p. 314.

Icon. FI. dan. 565.

fi. E. foliis angusto-lanceolatis integerrimis, caule pumilo.
Pallas in Herb. Lambert.

In Labrador. /3. on the north-west coast. I/ . July.
v. s. in Herb. Lambert. Flowers purple, large.

3. E. caule tetragono glabriusculo, foliis oppositis, supremis

alternis lanceolatis acuminatis serrulatis, pedunculis ax-
illaribus alternis elongatis, calycis laciniis angustis lon-
gitudine petalorum, stylo exerto, stigmate crasso
4-lobo.

On the north-west coast, Pallas. 3/ . v. s. in Herb.
Lambert. Flowers yellow, the size of E. angusti-
folium.

4. E. caule lineis prominulis subquadrangulatis, foliis op-

positis, supremis alternis lanceolatis serrulatis.*— Willd.
sp. pl. 2. p. 317.

Icon. Fl.dan.l02Q.

In low grounds : Canada to Carolina. % . July. v. v.
Flowers small, pale red.

5. E. caule tereti pubescente superne virgatim ramoso, fo-

liis caulinis oppositis, rameis alternis, linearibus inte-
gerrimis, floribus paucis terminalibus longissime pe»
dunculatis.

s 2

linearifolia .

angustifoli «
um.

latifolium »

tetrapetalum.

luteum,

tetragonum ,

Mo

coloratum.

palustre .

mlpinmn.

iiemiis.

stngustifolia .

pulchella .

OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. EpiloblUHl,

E. oliganthum. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 223 ?

In Canada and on the high mountains of New York and
Pensylvania. 1/. July. v. v. Flowers very small,
pale red or white.

6. E. caule tereti pubescente, foliis lanceolatis serrulatis
petiolatis oppositis, superioribus alternis glabris rubro-
venosis. IVilld. enum. 411.

In Pensylvania. Muhlenberg. % . July. v. v.

7- E. caule tereti, foliis sessilibus lanceolatis subdenticula-
tis, stigmate indiviso. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 317.

Icon. Engl. lot. 346.

In low grounds : Pensylvania to Virginia. I/ . July. v. v *
8. E. caule simplici subtereti 1-2-floro, foliis oppositis el-
lipticis integerrimis, floribus sessilibus,— IVilld. sp .
pl.2.p.3\8.

Icon. FI. dan. 322.

In Labrador. . Colmaster. 7J. . May, June. v. s. in Heri.
Dickson. The smallest species, not above two inches
high 3 flowers pale purple.

336. GAURA. Gen. pl. 638.

1. G. foliis lanceolatis dentatis, spica conferta, fructibus

subrotundo-4-gonis pubescentibus. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2,
p. 311.

Icon. Bot. mag. 38C). Pluk. amalth. t. 428./. 2.

On the edges of woods in fertile stony soil : Pensylvania
to Carolina. $. July, Aug. v . v. Flowers rose-
coloured, large.

2. G. foliis crebris linearibus repando-undulatis, spicae

fructibus dissitis oblongo-4-gonis utrinque acutis sub-
candicantibus. Mich.ft. am, er. 2. p. 22 6.

In dry old fields and woods : Virginia to Carolina. $ .
July. ~v. v. Flowers scarcely half the size of the
foregoing, pale red.

337. CLARCKIA. Pitrsh in linn. soc. trans, v. 11.

1. Clarckia. Pursh l. c.

On the Kooskoosky and Clarck’s rivers. M. Lewis. $ .
June. v. s. Flowers beautiful rose-coloured or
purple.

Caulis erectus, teres, superne subramosus, pedalis et
ultra. Folia alterna, linearia, integerrima, glabra..

Tcub.lL

©CTANDRiA monogynia. Clarckia. 2@l

Flores ex axillis superioribus, solitarii, subsessiles,
magni, amoene purpurei. Calyx cenotherae. Petala
unguiculata, 3-partita, laciniis lateralibus divaricatis.

Stamina 4 antheris linearibus, involutis : altera 4.
duplo breviora: antheris castratis, subrotundis. Stylus
longitudine fere petalorum. Stigma pallide luteum»

4-partitum : laciniis subrotundis.

338. OENOTHERA. Gen. pl. 637.

1.0. caule villoso scabro, foliis ovato-lanceolatis planis Hermis.
dentatis, Roribus terminalibus subspicatis sessilibus,
staminibus corolla brevioribus. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2.
p. 306.

Icon. FI. dan. 4 46. Jlp. exot. t. 324.

Common in old fields : New England to Carolina. $ .

June, July. v. v.

I have frequently observed a singularity in this plant,
and it might be interesting to make further inquiry
into its cause ; it is, that in a dark night, when no
objects can be distinguished at an inconsiderable di-
stance, this plant when in full flower can be seen at
a great distance, having a bright white appearance,
which probably may arise from some phosphoric pro-
perties of the flowers.

2. O. caule purpurascente muricato, foliis ianceolatis planis, muricata .

staminibus longitudine corollae. IVilld. sp. pl. 2.
p. 80 7.

Icon. Murray com. gcett. 7. t 1.

In old fields and along fences : Pensylvania to Carolina.

$ . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers smaller than the first
species.

3. O. caule laevi subvilloso, foliis ovato-lanceolatis planis, parviflora .

staminibus corolla longioribus. IVilld. sp. pl. 2.
p. 306.

Icon. Mill . ic. I89. f. 1. Meerb. ic. 34.

In fields and woods: Canada to Virginia j rare. <£.

July. v. v.

4. O. caule glabriusculo ramoso, foliis ovato-lanceolatis grandijiora.

glabris, staminibus declinatis. IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 306.

In woods and fields of Carolina. Bartram. <^. July.
v. v. Flowers larger than any other of the North
American species, and of an agreeable scent.

5. O. caule diffuso molliter pubescente, foliis ovalhoblon-

sinuata .

2(52

octa^dria MONOGYNiA. Oenothera,

minima .

glauca ,

fruticosa ,

pumila.

hy Irida.

linearis ,

angustifolia.

brevifolia.

gis demato-sinuatis, floribus axillaribus villosis, cap-
sulis prismaticis.— 5p, p/. 2. p. 309-

Icon. Murray com. gcett. 5. t. Q. Pluk. aim. t.203.f. 3 .

in dry fields of Virginia and Carolina. 0. June, July,
v. v.

6. O. caule simplici unifloro, foliis pusillis lanceolatis inte-
gerrimis pilosis, flore sessili hirsuto, germine pris-
matico.

In barren pine- woods of Georgia. Enslen. 0. June.
v. s. Not above an inch high j flower smallest of all
the genus.

7- O. glaberrima ; foliis lato-ovalibus repando-subden tatis
laevigatis glaucis, capsula ovato-tetragona pedicellata,
— Mich.fi . avier. 2. p. 224.

On the banks of the Mississippi, in Illinois, and on the
Peaks of Otter, Virginia. 1/ . July. v.v. A hand-
some species with considerable large flowers.

8. O. glabriuscula ; foliis lanceolatis subdentatis acutis, cap-
sulis pedicellatis oblongo-clavatis angulatis. IVilld. sp.
pi. 2. p. 310.

Icon. J Sot. mag. 332. Meerl. ic. 33.

In shady woods, on the edges of rivulets and springs :
Pensylvania to Carolina. 1/. July. v.v. Commonly
called Sun-drops.

9.O. glabra j caulibus adscendentibus, foliis lanceolatis in-
tegerrimis obtusis, capsulis subsessilibus elliptico-ob-
ovatis angulatis. — Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 310.

Icon. Bot. mag. 355. Mill. diet. t. 188.

In dry fields of Virginia and Carolina. fi . July, v.v .

10. O. caule erecto villoso, foliis utrinque pubescentibus
lanceolatis remote subdentatis undulatis, capsulis sub-
spicatis breviter stipitatis ovato-tetragonis. Mich. Jl.
amer. 1. p. 22 5.

O. mollissima. Wdlt.Jl. car. 129.

Onagra floribus speciosis luteis &c. Gron.fi. virg. 5Q.

In sandy fields of Virginia and Carolinq. I/. June,
July. v. v .

11.0. tota pubescens, gracilis 5 foliis linearibus integris,
capsulis longiuscule stipitatis subrotundo-tetragonis
villosis. Mick.Jl. amer. 2. p. 225.

a. Pluk. mant. t. 426. fi. 6.

/3 . Onagra 49 1 . Gron.fi. , virg. 59.

In dry barren fields 5 Virginia and Carolina. fi. July»

2 ds

©ctandhi a. monogynia. Oenothera,

v. v. Flowers large, in proportion to the very low
plant.

12. O. caule debili pubescente, foliis lanceolatis obtusiusculis

planis integris, calycis tubo laciniis duplo breviore,
capsula clavata acutangula sessili. — Mich.Ji. amer. 1.
p, 225.

O. biennis. Walt.Ji. car. 129 ?

In barren lands of Canada and on the mountains of Pen-
sylvania and Carolina. IjL . July, Aug. v.v. Flowers
small, golden-yellow.

13. O. subpubescens ; caule pumilo subsimplici, foliis lan-

ceolato-oblongis obtusiusculis integris, floribus ad sum-
mitatem axillaribus, capsulis sessilibus clavato-turbina-
tis subsequaliter 8-gonis. — Mich.Ji. amer. 1. p . 225.
On rocks near Lake Mistassins. Michaux. On high
mountains of Pensylvania and Virginia. I/. July,
Aug. ' v. v. Plant upright, flowers small.

14. O. scapis radicalibus unifloris, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis

repando-denticulatis decurrentibus, petalis obcordatis,
staminibus corolla brevioribus.

On the falls of the Missouri. M. Lewis. If . July.
v. s. Flowers large, purple, with dark veins ; resem-
bles 0. acaulis Cavanill.

All the species, excepting the last one, have yellow
flowers.

339. OXYCOCCUS. Pers. syn. l.p. 419.

1. O. repens ; foliis ovalibus integerrimis margine revolutis

subacutis glabris subtus albicantibus, pedicellis elon-
gatis, corollae laciniis ovalibus.

O. palustris Pers. syn . 1. p. 41 9.

Vaccinium Oxycoccus a. ovalifolius. Mich.Ji. amer . 1.
p. 228.

Vaccinium Oxycoccus. IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 354.

Icon, FI. dan. 80. Lam, illustr. t.286.f. 3.

In bogs and mosses on the mountains, frequent : Cana-
da to Pensylvania. T? May — July. v.v. A small

evergreen creeping plant 5 flowers red ; berries light
purple, smaller than the following species.

2. O. repens ; caulibus adscendentibus, foliis oblongis in-

tegerrimis planiusculis obtusis glabris subtus albicanti-
bus, pedicellis elongatis, corollse laciniis lanceolatis.—*
Pers. syn. 1. p. 419.

chrysanlha

pusilla ,

scapigera.

vulgaris .

macTQcarpm..

254

OtJTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. OxyCOCCUS.

erectus .

Vaccinium macrocarpon. Willd. sp. pl. 2. />,355.

Vaccinium Oxycoccus /3. oblongi folius. Mich.fi. amer. i
p, 228.

Icon. Wangh. amer. t. 30. f. 67. P/mL aim. t. 326. f. 6.

In bogs, principally on sandy soil and high mountains,
frequent : Canada to Virginia. \ . May — July. v. v.
Berries larger, bright red, known by the name of
Cranberries , as a very agreeable tart, and collected
in great abundance for that purpose.

3.0. erectus 5 foliis ovalibus acuminatis serrula tis ciliatis-
que, pedicellis axillaribus, corolla longa demum re-
voluta.

Vaccinium erythrocarpum. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 22J.

On high mountains of Virginia and Carolina. T? • June.
v. v. Berries scarlet and quite transparent, of an ex-
quisite taste.

ferruginea.

340. MENZIESIA. Smith ic. inedit. 56.

1 , M. foliis obovato-lanceolatis subtus extra nervos glabris,
calycibus sub-4-fldis, floribus urceoiatis octandris. —
Willd. sp. pl. 2 p. 355.

M. urceolaris. Parad. lond, 44.

Icon. Smith ic. inedit. 1 . t. 56.

On the Columbia river. M. Lewis. ^ . June. v. s.
in Herb. Lambert. A considerable tall shrub ; flowers
of a ferruginous colour, as in the following species.
Previous to my seeing Mr. Salisbury’s account and the
specimens in the herbarium of A. B. Lambert, Esq.
I considered this and the following species to be the
same, though I had seen specimens of the present
one in the collection of M. Lewis, Esq.

globularis.

2. M. foliis lanceolatis subtus glaucis extra nervos pubes-
centibus, calycibus 4-fidis, floribus globosis octandris.
— Salisb . in parad. lond. 44.

M. Smithii. Mich. fi. amer. 1. p. 23 5.

Azalea pilosa. Lam. illustr. 1. p

Icon. Parad. lond. 44.

On high mountains of Virginia and Carolina; plenti-
fully on the Cacapon mountains near Winchester,
Virginia, • May, June. v. v . Not above four

feet high. Flowers yellowish-brown.

empetrifor -
mis.

3. M. foliis linearibus serrulatis subtus concavis, pedunculis
terminalibus aggregatis, floribus campanulatis decan-

ocTANDRiA MONOGYNiA, Menziesia.

265

dris, calycibus obtusis. Smith in linn, trans. 10.
p. 380.

On the north-west coast. Menzies. On the Rocky-
mountains and near the mouth of Columbia river.
M. Lewis. Tj . July, v . s. Flowers pale red.

4. M. foliis sparsis confertis linearibus obtusis cartilagineo-
denticulatis, pedunculis terminalibus aggregatis uni-
floris, floribus campanulatis 10-andris, calycibus acu-
ti ssim is. —Swartz in linn. trans. 10. p. 377- t. 30 . f 1.

Andromeda taxifolia. Pali. Jl. ross. t. 72. f. 2.

Erica caerulea. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 303.

Phyllodoce taxifolia. Parad. lond. 36.

On the White Hills of New Hampshire. Prof. Peck.
On the north-west coast and Labrador. Herb. Banks.

. July. v.s. Flowers red.

341. DIOSPYROS. Gen.pl.l5g 8.

1. D. foliis ovato-oblongis acuminatis glabris reticulato-ve-

nosis, petiolis pubescentibus, gemmis glabris. — - Willd .
sp. pl. 4, p 1 107.

Icon. Mill. ic. 126. Calesb. car. 2. t 76. Mich. arb. 12.

In woods and old fields : New York to Louisiana. ^ •
May. v. v. A middle-sized tree 5 flowers pale yel-
low fruit known by the name of Persimon , the size
of a common plum, golden-yellow, of an agreeable
taste, when perfectly ripe, but extremely astringent
before that time. In the Northern States the fruits are
not eatable till the frost has mellowed them.

2. D. foliis oblongis acutis subtus pubescentibus, petiolis

longis, fructibus oligospermis.

In the lower counties of Virginia, Carolina and Georgia.
T? . April, v. v. Though Michaux in his Arbres
forestiers considers this only as a variety, I am inclined
to take it as a distinct species ; not only shape and pu-
bescence of the leaf, but difference in the structure of
the fruit and seeds, indicate it sufficiently.

342. ACER. Gen. pl. 159O.

1. A. foliis palmato-subquinquelobis basi cordatis inaequali-
ter inciso-dentatis subtus glaucis, incisuris acutis, um-
bellis sessilibus, pedicellis elongatis, germinibus gla-
bris.— Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 984.

caerulea .

virginiana *

pubescens.

rubrum.

26(5

0CTANDEIA MONOGYNIA. Acer.

iasy carpum*

Jeon. Mich. arh. 14. Schmidt arh. 1. £. 6. Catesh. car. 1 .
/. 62.

In low woods : Canada to Florida. \ . April, May.
v. v. A middle sized tree : flowers and seeds red ;
commonly known under the name of Red-tnaple or
Swamp-maple.

2. A. foliis pal mato-5 -lobis basi truncatis inaequaliter in-
ciso-dentatis subtus glabris glaucisque, sinubus obtu-
sis, floribus conglomeratis, pedicellis brevissimis, ger-
minibus tomentosis. — Willd.sp. pl.4. p. 985.

A. eriocarpum. Mich.fi. amer. 2. p. 253.

A. tomentosum. Hort. paris.

Icon. Midi. arh. 13. Schmidt arh. 1. t.J .

On the banks of rivers : New England to Georgia. Tj .
April, May. v. v. A large tree ; flowers and seed
greenish-yellow 5 known by the name of White - or
Soft-maple.

larhatum.

3. A. foliis ovato-cordatis breviter trilobis inaequaliter serra-
tis subtus ad nervos pubescentibus glaucisque, pedun-
culis pilosis masculis ramosis, femineis simplicibus,
calycibus intus barbatis, capsulae alis erectis. — Mich.
fi. amer. 2. p. 252.

A. carolinianum. Walt. fi. car. 251 .

In deep pine and cedar swamps : New Jersey to Caro-
lina. Tj . April, May. v. v. A small tree 5 flowers
pale-green 5 leaves small.

saccharinum »

4. A. foliis palmato-5-lobis basi subcordatis acuminatis si-
nuato-dentatis subtus glaucis, pedunculis corymbosis
nutantibus. — Willd . sp . pi. 4. p. Q85.

Icon. Mich. arh. 15. Schmidt arh . 1. /.8.

nigrum.

In low rich valleys : Canada to Pensylvania. ^ • April,
May. v. v. A large timber tree 3 flowers yellow.
The sugar prepared from the sap of this tree is one
of the greatest conveniences for the inhabitants of the
western countries, is equal to any other sugar, and
procured with little trouble.

5. A. foliis palmato-5-iobis sinu clauso cordatis, lobis diva-
ricatis sinuato-subdentatis subtus pubescentibus, flori-
bus corymbosis, capsulis turgide subglobosis. —Mich.
arh. p. 238.

Icon. Mich. arh. 16.

On mountain lands : New York to Carolina. 1? • April,.
May. v. v. This large tree produces sugar similar

OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Acer.

to the foregoing species, and occupies the same situa-
tions where the other is not found ; called Black -
maple.

6. A. foliis digitato-5-lobis, sinubus rotundatis, lobis sub-

trilobatis repando-dentatis subtus pubescentibus, race-
mis erectis, filamentis 9. hirsutis, germinibus hirsu-
tissimis.

On the great rapids of the Columbia river. M. Lewis.

. April, v. s. A very tall tree ; leaves larger than
any other known species j flowers greenish-yellow, in
long compound racemes.

Arbor grandis. Ramuli juniores purpurascentes, glabri.
Folia magna longe petiolata, juniora pubescentia.
Bractece gemmarum longissimae, lineares, apice in-
cisae, sericeo- villosae. Racemi terminales, erecti,
elongati. Pedicel/i inferne aggregati, superne soli-
tarii, glabri. Calyx 9-fidus : laciniis obovatis, inte-
rioribus vix latioribus. Filamenta 9. subulata, supra
medium barbata, calyce vix longiora. Germen hirsu-
tissimum. Stylus glaber. Flores masculi decandri :
filamentis calyce duplo longioribus.

7. A. foliis orbiculatis basi subcordatis 7-lobis inaequaliter

acute-dentatis uti inque glabris, nervis venisque ad ax-
illas pilosis.

Ori the great rapids of Columbia river. M. Lewis.
. v. s. s.Jl. This beautiful species has leaves of
the size of A. rubrum.

8. A. foliis inferne rotundatis, superne acuminato-tricuspi-

datis argute-serratis glabris, racemis simplicibus pen-
dulis.— Mich.fi. amer. 2. p 252.

A. pensylvanicum. Willd . sp. pl. 4. p. Q8Q.

A. canadense, Marsh, arh

Icon. Mich.arb.iy. Schmidt arh. 10. Wangh. amer,
t. 12 fi 28.

In mountain woods : Canada to Virginia. 1? . May.
v. v. A small tree with an elegant striped bark ;
known by the name of Striped-maple or Moose wood

9. A. foliis subquinquelobis acutis dentatis subtus pubes-

centibus, racemis compositis erectis. — Willd. sp. pl. 4.
p. 9S8.

A. pensylvanicum. Wangh. amer. 82. t. 12. f. 30.

A. parviflorum. Ehrh. beitr. 4. p. 25.

A spicatum. Lam. encycl. 2. p. 377*

Icon. Schmidt arb. 1L. Du Roi harbk. 1. t. 2.

267

macrophyh

lum.

circinatum.

striatum .

montanum.

268

Negundo.

palustris ,

dipkylh .

spathulata.

OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Acer.

In Canada and on the Allegany mountains j frequent.
Tj . April, May. v. v. Flowers very small, greenish-
yellow.

10. A. foliis pinnatis tcrnatisve inaequaliter serratis, floribus
dioicis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 992.

Icon. Mich . arb. 18. Schmidt arb. 12. Wangh. amer .
t. 12. f. 29.

On the banks of rivers : Pensylvania to Carolina. \ .
May, June, v. v. A large tree, commonly called
Box Elder or Ash- leaved Maple .

343. DIRCA. Gen. pl. 665.

I. Dirca. IVilld. sp. pl, 2. p. 424.

Icon. Duham. arb. 1. t. 212. Amcen. acad. 3. t. l.f. 7.

In shady and boggy woods : New York to Carolina.
Tj . March, April, v. v. A low shrub ; flowers
yellow ; known by the name of Leather-wood, on
account of the extraordinary toughness of its branches.

344. JEFFERSONIA. Barton in act. philad. Mich. ft.
amer. 1. p. 23 6.

J . Jeffersonia. Bart. 1. c.

J. Bartonis. Mich.Jl. amer . 1. p. 237*

Podophyllum diphyllum. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1141.

On the side of hills, in rich soil, particularly limestone :
Virginia and Tennassee 5 plentifully about Harper's
Ferry and the Sweet-springs, Virginia. 1/, April,
May. v. v. Flowers white, resembling those of
Sanguinaria ; the capsule is covered with a lid, which
opens with elasticity and scatters the ripe seeds.

345. FISTIA. Gen.pl.lU2.

1. P foliis in petiolum abrupte angustatis superne dilatatis**
rotundato-obtusls. Mich.fl. amer. 2. p. 162.

In Carolina, Michaux . 4- . Flowers white, axillary.

OCTANDRIA digynia.

269

IL DIG YNIA.

34 6. CHRYSOSPLENIUM. Gen. pl. 763.

i. C. foliis oppositis subrotundis basi in petiolum attenuatis
levissime crenatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 638.

Icon. FI. dan. 365. Engl. lot. 49O.

On rocks in rivulets and springs, near Cascades j in shady
situations : Canada to (Carolina. IL . May. v. v.
Flowers brownish-yellow. Probably a distinct species,
if compared in the living plants.

III. TR IG YNIA.

347. POLYGONUM. Gen. pl. 677-
* Floribus axillaribus.

1. P. floribus 9-andris 3-gynis, ochreis obtusis laceris mem-

branaceis, foliis Jineari-lanceolatis acutis margine re-
volutis carnosis, caule suflfruticoso. — JVilld. sp. pl. 2.
p. 449.

Icon. Cam. epit. 69 1.

fi. P. maritimum floribus carneis speciosis. Clayt. n. 4 97.
On the sandy beach : Pensylvania and Virginia, fj . 11 .
Aug. v. v. A small prostrate evergreen plant, with
white or rose-coloured flowers.

2. P. floribus S-andris 3-gynis, foliis lanceolatis margine

scabris, ochreis nervis remotis, caule procumbente
herbaceo. Willd . sp.pl. 2, p. 449.

Icon. Engl. bot. 1252. Mart.fl. rust. t. 91.
a. P. foliis pusillis lanceolato-oblongis. Mich. Jl. amer. 1.
p. 23 7.

fi. P. foliis lato-ovalibus obtusis quasi buxifolium. Mich.
I c.

On pastures and road sides, in gardens, &c. common.
O . April — Oct. v. v. Flowers sessile, white, very
small.

3. P. floribus 3-andris 3-gynis, foliis lanceolatis, ochreis

abbreviatis margine laceris, ramis interrupte multiflo-

oppositifoli -
um.

marinum *

roseum.

aviculare*

angustifoli»

um.

latifolium.

ramosissL

mum.

2/Q'~

tenue.

Hydropipe -
roides.

mite .

hirsutum .

virginianum.

octandria TRiGYNi a. Peilygonunl.

ris, caulibus stricte-ramosissimis striatis. — Mich . J?.
amer. 1. p. 23 7-

P. erectum. Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 450 ?

In cultivated grounds : Pensylvania and Kentucky. ©,
June — Aug. v.v. Flowers on short pedicels, green-
ish-white.

4. P. pumilum ; foliis longe-linearibus strictis acuminatis,

ochreis tubulosis apice villosis, caule gracili erecto ra-
moso acutangulo, floribus alternis subsolitariis. —
Mick. Jl. amer. i. p. 238,

P. barbatum. Wall. fi. car. 131 ?

In sandy fields and pine-woods : Canada, New Jersey,
and Carolina ? ©. July, Aug. v.v. Not above six
inches high, very slender ; flowers small, white.

** Spica gracili.

5. P. floribus 3-andris semi-3-gynis, foliis lanceolatis gla-

bris, ochreis laxis glabris apice ciliatis maculatis, spi-
cis filiformibus debilibus subcernuis, bracteis remo-
tiuscule alternis. — Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 238. sub
P. Hydropiperide.

In inundated and exsiccated places ; common : Canada
to Carolina. © . Aug. Sept. v. v. Flowers white ;
taste and appearance of P. Hydropiper , but different
in the flowers.

6. P. floribus 8-andris semi-3 -gynis, foliis anguste lanceo-

latis subhirsutis, ochreis hirsutis proruisse ciliatis, spi-
cis linearibus, bracteis ciliatis subimbricatis. — Pets,
syn. 1. p. 446.

P. hydropiperoides. Mich.fi. amer, l.p.239.

In inundated places, along ditches and ponds : Pensyl-
vania to Carolina. © . June — Sept. v. v. Flowers
pale purple ; leaves not acrid.

7- P. floribus 8-andris semi-3-gynis approximatis, foliis ses-
silibus lanceolatis, pedunculo elongato distachyo, spi-
cis linearibus, caule adscendente hirsuto. — Walt . fi.
car. 132. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p.23g.

In low wet places and in ditches : Lower Caroiina and
Virginia. © . July — Sept. v. v.

8. P. floribus 5-andris 2-gynis inaequalibus, foliis lato-ova-
libus, spicis longissime virgatis, floribus remotis. —
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 442.

In shady woods : Canada to Florida. 7/ . June, July.
v. v .

OCTANDHIA TKIGYNIA. Polygonum.

*** Spica confertiflora.

9. P. caule simplici monostachyo, foliis ellipticis planis pe-
tiolatis, bracteis unifloris 2-3-valvis.

In low grounds on the banks of the. Missouri, 'called
Quamash-Jlats. M. Lewis. I/ . June. v. s. Flowers
white tinged with red.

Caulis teres, glaber. Folia elliptico-oblonga, in petio-
lum decurrentia, integerrima, plana, utrinque glabra,
subtus glauca, superiora linearia, sessilia. Spica ob-
longa. Bractece membranaceae, nniflorae, 2-3-valves $
valvula exterior subrotunda, acuminata, carinata.
Calyx subinfundibuliformis : laciniis oblongis acutis.
Filamenta 7 — 8. corolla longiora. Styli 3.

10. P. caule simplici monostachyo, foliis lanceolato-lineari-

bus glabris margine revolutis, spica lineari, bracteis
ovatis acuminatis.

In Canada. I/. June, July. v. s. in Herb. Lambert.
This almost stemless variety I have seen in dried spe-
cimens coming from Lower Canada. The specimen
in the collection of A. B» Lambert, Esq. came from
Labrador.

11. P. floribus 5-andris semi-2-gynis, spica cylindracea,

ochreis truncatis glabris, foliis ovatis. Wilid. enum.
42 9.

P. amphibium. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 240.

P. foliis ovato-ellipticis obtusis.

/3, P. foliis ovato-oblongis acuminatis. P. Bistorta. Walt,
jl car. 131?

a. In lakes and ponds : Canada to Pensylvania. /3. In
overflowed places on the Ohio and Mississippi. %.
July, Aug. v. v. Flowers dark red.

12. P. floribus 8~andris semdigynis, spicis oblongis, pedun-

culis hispidis, foliis lanceolatis, ochreis glabris nudis-
que, caule tumide -geniculato. — Wilid. sp. pl. 2.
p. 448.

On the edge of ponds and ditches, in overflowed
grounds 5 common : New York to Carolina, and prin-
cipally in the western counties. ©. June — Aug. v. v.
Flowers large, rose-coloured.

13. P. floribus 6-andris semi-2-gynis, spicis ovato-oblongis

erectis, pedunculis laevibus, foliis lanceolatis, ochreis
glabriusculis apice ciliatis. — Wilid . sp. pl. 2 p. 446.
Icon, FLdan. 702. Engl. lot. /56.

2 71

bistorioides

viviparum .
subacaule.

coccineum.

aquaticum.

terrestre.

pensylvani -
cum.

Perskaria.

272

orientale .

arliculatum .

polygamum.

mgittatum.

m folium .

OCTA^DRIA TRIGYNIA. PolygOnUrp,

In overflowed and wet places ; common. ©. July, Aug.
v. v. Flowers rose-coloured ; leaves generally marked
with a black spot in shape of a half moon 3 known by
the name of Ladies-thumb.

14. P. floribus 7-andris 2-gynis, foliis ovatis, caule erecto,

ochreis hirtis hypocrateriformibus. Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 448.

Icon. Bot. mag. 213. Mill. ic. 201,

Near gardens and in old fields: Virginia. ©.July,
Aug. v. v. Sometimes six feet high 3 flowers large,
crimson.

**** Floribus paniculatis.

15. P. floribus 8-andris 3-gynis, spicis paniculatis fiiliformi-

bus, floribus solitariis pedunculatis, bracteis imbrica-
tis truncatis, foliis linearibus, ochreis vaginalibus trun-
catis, caule herbaceo. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 450.

In sandy barren fields : Canada to New Jersey. © .
July, Aug. v. v. A handsome, delicate plant, about
a foot high ; flowers rose-coloured, mixed with white.

16. P. floribus 8-andris 3-gynis, spicis paniculatis, floribus

solitariis, calycis laciniis obovatis, foliis spathulatis,
ochreis integris latere altero lanceolatis, caule fruticoso.
Vent. hort. cels. 65.

Polygonella parvifolia. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 241.

In the barrens of Carolina. 1? . July. . Flowers
white. I strongly suspect this to be only a variety of
P. articulatum , as the description and figure of Ven-
tenat strongly indicate ; but the northern plant is cer-
tainly only an annual.

***** Floribus subracemosis 3 foliis basi incisis vel cordatis .

17. P. floribus 8-andris semi-3-gynis capitatis, foliis sagitta-

tis, caule retrorsum aculeato. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 453.
Icon. Gmel.sib. 3. t. 13./. 2. Hort . cliff, t. 12. Pluk.
mant. t. 398 ./ 5.

In low wet meadows and ditches, in open situations :
New York to Florida. ©. June— Aug. v.v. Flowers
white.

18. P. floribus 6-andris semi-2-gynis distinctis, spicis pau-

cifioris, foliis hastatis, caule retrorsum aculeato. —
IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 453.

Icon. Pluk . amaltk. t. 3Q8 ./. 3.

2/3

OCTANDEIA TRIGONIA. Polygonum.

In low shady places, principally on the mountains :
New York to Carolina. ©. July, Aug. v. v. Flowers
white, tinged with red.

S9. P. floribus 8-andris 3~gynis, racemis paniculatis, foliis
cordato-sagittatis, caule erectiusculo inermi, seminum
angulis aequalibus. — -JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 455.

Icon. Engl. lot. 1044.

Common Buck-wheat, though not originally indigenous,
is frequently found in old fields and woods, as it were
in a wild state,

20. P. floribus 8-andris semi-3-gynis, foliis oblongis hastato-
cordatis, caule volubili angulato asperiusculo, laciniis
calycinis obtuse carinatis. — JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 455.

Icon. FI. dan. 7 44.

In cultivated grounds, along hedges : Pensylvania to Ca-
rolina. 0 . July, Aug. v. v.

23 . P. floribus 8-andris semi-3 -gynis, foliis cordatis, stipulis
subacutis basi extrorsum serie ciliorum circumdatis,
caule anguloso prostrato aut scandente asperiusculo,
laciniis calycis obtuse carinatis.— Midi. fi. amer. 1.
p. 241.

In hedges and fields : Canada to New York. G • July,
v. v.

$2. P. floribus 8-andris 3 -gynis, foliis lato-cordatis, stipulis
truncatis nudis, caule volubili glabro, calycibus fruc-
tiferis tripteris. — JVilld. sp . pl. 2. p. 4 56.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. Ijy.f 7. Sloan, hist , 1. t. go.f 1 .

In shady woods : New York to Kentucky. 7/ . July,
Aug. v. v. Sterns generally red, climbing to a
considerable height.

348. BRUNNICHIA. Qcert. Gen.pl. 777*

] . Brunnichia. J^illd. sp. pl. 2. p. /31.

. Rajania ovata, Walt.Jl. car. 24/.

Icon. Gcert. carp. 1. t. 45. f. 2.

In wet shady places, climbing among bushes : islands of
Georgia 5 in Tennasse§, &c. \l. June, July. v.v.

A smooth vine ; leaves cordate, acuminate j flowers
in one-sided racemes.

349. CARDIOSPERMUM. Ben. pl. 680r

1. C. glabrum ; foliolis inciso-lobatis, imparibus rhomboi-
deis.— JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 4 67.

VOL. 1. t

Fagopyrum .

Convolvulus .

cilinode.

scandens.

cirrhosa

Halicacahwu

1

2;4

OCTANDMA TRIGYNU,

Icon. Bot. mag . 104Q.

On the banks of the Mississippi, near Kaskaskias. ©.
July. v. v. A small climbing plant 5 fiowers small,
herbaceous.

Saponaria.

350. SAPINDUS. Gen. pi 681.

1 . S. foliis glabris abrupte pinnatis, foliolis ovali-lanceolatis,
rachi alata, fructibus sphaericis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 408.

Icon. Comm. hort.t.QA.

On the sea-coast of Georgia and Carolina : probably in-
troduced. I2 • v‘ v‘ s'fl- A small tree.

spicatum.

IV. TETRAGYNIA.

35! . MYRIOPHYLLUM. Gen. pl. 1440.

1. M. foliis omnibus pinnatis capillaceis, spica nuda inter-
rupta, floribus masculis polyandris.— • Willd. sp. pl. 4.
p. 400.

Icon. FI. dan. 081. Engl. hot. 83.

In slow-flowing waters and ponds : Canada to New Jer-
sey. 1/. July, Aug. v. v. A sub-aquatic small
plant.

verticillatum.

2. M. foliis pinnatis capillaceis, superioribus pectinato-
pinnatifidis, floribus omnibus axillaribus verticiliatis,
inferioribus femineis, superioribus masculis aut her-
maphroditis 8-andris. — Willd. sp. pl. 4. p . 407.

Icon. FI. dan. 1040. Engl. lot. 218,

In stagnant waters and ditches : Canada to Pensylvania.
1/. July, Aug. v. v.

scabratum.

3. M. foliis pinnatifidis, floribus omnibus verticiliatis ax-
illaribus, superioribus masculis 4-andris, inferioribus
femineis, fructu 8 -angulato. — Mich.Jl , amer. 2. p. 190.
Potamogeton pinnatum. Walt. fl. car. 90.

In stagnant waters of Cardina and Georgia. 1/. July.
v . s.

heterophyl -
lum.

4. M. foliis inferioribus capillaceo -pinnatis, superioribus
floralibus oyaiibus argute serratis, floribus masculis
0-andris. Mich. fl. amer. 2 .p. 1 9 1 .

Potamogeton verticillatum. Walt.Jl. car. 90.

In the waters of Carolina and Georgia. % . July, v . s ,
in Herb. Walt.

IX. ENNEANDRIA.

l

# I. MONOGYNIA.

352. LAURUS. CaZ. 4 — 6-partitus. Nectar, glandulis 3,

bisetis, germen cingentibus. Filam. interiora quo-
rum 3. alterna sterilia glandulifera. Drupa 1-sperma.
Polygama.

353. ERIOGONUM. Cal. subcampanulatus, 6-fidus.

Cor. 0. Sem. I. triquetrum, calyce tectum. Intio-
lucrum campanulatum.

II. TRIGYNIA.

354. PLEEA. Cor. 6-partita, patens. Caps, subrotundo»

trigona, 3-locularis. Sem. numerosa, oblonga, mar-
gini valvularum adnata. Spica spathis i-floris.

I. MONOGYNIA.

352. LAURUS. Gen. pi. 6S8.

I. L. foliis perennantibus ovato-lanceolatis ramulisque gla-
bris nitidis, racemis corymboso-paniculatis terminali-
bus, calycis patuli laciniis oblongis obtusis subasqua-
libus deciduis, baccis ovatis. — Midi. Jl. amer. 1.
p. 244.

Laurus baccis atro-purpureis, pedunculis rubris insiden-
tibus. Clayt. n. 485.

Icon. Catesh. car . 2. t. 28.

On the sea-coast of Georgia and Florida. \ . May.
v.v.s.Jl. Flowers white; berries black, on thick
red peduncles.

t 2

t

Cateslyana

2?6

carolincnsis.

glabra.

pubescens.

obtusa.

Benzoin.

Diospyrus .

geniculata.

ENNEANDRIA MONOGYNIA. LaUfUS.

3. L. foliis perennantibus ovali- lanceolatis opacis subtus-
glaucis, pedunculis simplicibus, fasciculo subcapitato
paucifloro terminatis, calycis laciniis exterioribus du-
plo brevioribus, baccis globosis,— Mich. Ji. amer. 1.
p. 245.

L. Borbonia. Hortul.

L. foliis acuminatis, flore albicante, baccis caeruleis, pe-
diculis rubris insidentibus. Clayt. ult.

Icon. Catesb. car. 1. t. 63. Midi, arb

a. L. foliis subtus glabris.

/3. L. foliis subtus pubescentibus.

y. L. foliis obovatis obtusis.

In deep cedar and cypress swamps : Virginia to Loui-
siana. . May. v.v. A small tree j flowers green-
ish-yellow 5 berries dark-blue, on red peduncles j
known by the name of Red Bay the wood is very
valuable.

3. L. ramis virgatis sub floratione aphyllis, foliis deciduis

cuneato-obovalibus subtus albicantibus subpubescenti-
bus, floribus giomerato-umbellatis, gemmis pedicel-
lisque glabris .—Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 485.

L. Pseudo-Benzoin, Mich.Jl. amer. 1 . p. 243.

Icon. Comm. hort. 1. t . 97.

In low grounds and on the banks of rivulets : Canada to
Florida. T? . March, April, v. v. A large shrub ;
flowers yellowish-green ; berries scarlet 5 known by
the name of Spice-wood.

4. L. humilis, virgata, nudifloraj foliis deciduis oblongo*

ovalibus subtus venosis subtomentosis, floribus glome-
rato-umbellatis, gemmis pedicellisque villosis. — Mich .
fi. amer. I. p. 243.

L. melissaefolia. Walt.fi. car. 134. .

Icon. Bot. mag . 1470.

In low grounds and near rivers : Virginia and Carolina.
h> . April, v. v. A low shrub, resembling the pre-
ceding very much ; flowers greenish-yellow 5 berries
small, scarlet or purple.

5. L. ramis divaricatis flexuosis, foliis deciduis ovalibus oh-

tusiusculis glabris, basi subtus barbatis, sub floratione
nullis, umbellulis terminalibus paucifloris, antheris
4-locularibus. — Mich. fi. amer. 1. p. 244. Walt. fi.
car. 133.

L. aestivalis. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p . 484.

L. foliis lanceolatis enervibus annuis. Gronov. virg. 1 5Q>

V

ENNEANDRIA MONOGYNIA. LaUl'US.

Icon. Bot.mag. 14/1.

In low grounds, near rivers and on islands : Carolina.

. April, v. v. ; v. s. in Herb. Gronov. Flowers
yellow ; berries globous, scarlet.

L. foliis integris lobatisque. Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 485.

Icon. Trew ekret. t. 6g & JO. Catesl. car. 1. t. 55.
Mich. arb. t

In woods and along the banks of large rivers, frequent
in old fields : Canada to Florida. fj . March> April.
v. v. Flowers yellow ; berries blue. This valuable
tree, in respect to its medicinal properties, grows to a
large size in the southern regions, where I have seen
trees two feet in diameter ; but from Virginia north-
wards it decreases in size, until it becomes a mere
straggling shrub.

353. ERIOGONUM. Mich.jl. amer. 1 . p. 24 6.

t. E. caule erecto dichotomo, florum fasciculis axillaribus
solitariis sessilibus, calycis laciniis subrotundis obtusis
tomentosis, foliis ad genicula caulis sessilibus ternis
quaternisve cuneato-obovalibus supra glabris.- — Mich.
fl. amer. 1 . p . 24 6.

Icon. Mich. l.c.t. 24.

In pine-barrens of Carolina and Georgia. If. . July. v. v.
The whole of this plant, excepting the upper side of
the leaves, is covered with a close tomentum or woolly
coat $ flowers from twelve to fifteen collected in a cup
or involucrum, white.

2. E. caule simplici nudo, florum fasciculis terminalibus
umbellatis pedunculatis, umbella involucrata, calycis
laciniis oblongis acutis sericeo-lanatis, foliis radicalibus
petiolatis lanceolato-oblongis supra villosis.

On the prairies of the Missouri. Nuttall. 1/ . July.
v. s. in Herb. Nuttall. The whole of this plant, as
well as the foregoing, is tomentose, but of a more
loose texture, approaching to villous ; the calyx is co-
vered with long white silky down ; flowers bright yel-
low. In the same country a third species has been
discovered, of which I have not materials enough to
give a description.

$77

Sassafras *

tomentosumo

sericeum.

p

278

ENNE ANDRIA TRIG YNIAc

tenuifolia .

II. TRIYG YN I A.

354. PLEEA. Mich.fl. amer. l.p. 24/.

1 . P. glaberrima ; foliis angustissime ensiformibus sensim
acutissimis $ spicae vaginis 1-floris. — Mich.ji. amer. l.
p. 248.

Icon, l.c.t.25.

In open wet woods of Lower Carolina. Michaux. 11 .
2;. 5. Flowers of a yellowish-* brown, the size of Or-
nithogalum umbdlaium.

■ , ■ t: ;■ .. , \?pk

\ ■

X. DECANDR1A

I. MONOGYNIA.

* Monopelalce.

3 55. ARBUTUS. Cal. 5-partitus. Cor . ovata : basi ore
pellucida. Bacca supera, 5-locularis.

350. GAULTHERIA. Cal. 5-fidus, basi bibracteatus.
Cor. ovata. Caps. 5-locularis, vestita calyce bac-
cato.

357. VACCINIUM. Cal. 4-5-fidus. Cor. urceolata aut

campanulata, 4-5-hda : laciniis reflexis. Filam. ger-
mini inserta. Bacca infera, 4-5-loculavis, poly-
sperma,

358. ANDROMEDA. CaL 5-partitus. Cor. ovata: ore

5 -fido, reflexo. Caps, supera, 5-locularis, valvulis
dissepimento contrariis.

359. KALMIA. CaL 5-partitus. Cor. hypocrateriformis :

limbo subtus 5-corni, in quorum foveis anthers in-
cumbunt. Caps. 5-locularis.

300. EPIGAEA. Cal. 5-partitus, extus tribracteatus. Cor.
hypocrateriformis. Caps. 5-locularis. Recepi. 5*
partita.

361. RHODODENDRON. Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. subin-
fundibuliformis, inaequalis. Siam, declinata. Caps,
5-locularis.

302. RHQDGRA. Cal. 5-dentatus. Cor. 3-petala. Siam.
declinata. Caps. 5-locularis.

Polypetake ; Regulares .

363. PYROLA. Cal. 5-partitus. Pel. 5. Stylus stami-

nibus longior. Caps. 5-locularis, angulis dehiscens.

364. CHIMAPHILA. Cal. 5-partitus. Pet. 5, Stigma

sessile crassum, orbiculatum, germine immerso.

280

D&CANt>RIA.

Anther ce rostratae, foramine subbivalvi dehiscentes.
Caps. 5-iocularis, angulis dehiscens.

365. LEDUM. Cal. minimus, 5-dentatus. Cor. plana^

5-partita. Caps. 5-lccularis, basi dehiscens.

366. AMMYRSINE. Cal. profunde 5-partitus. Pet. 5.

Stamina exerta. Caps. 5-locularis, apice dehiscens.

367. CLETHRA. Cal. 5-partitus, persistens. Pet. 5.

Styl. apice 3-fidus, persistens. Caps. 3~locularis,
3-valvis»

.168. MYLOCARIUM. Cal. 5-dentatus. Pet. 5. Stigm.
capitatum, trigonum, sessile. Caps. 3-4-alata, 3-
locularis.

069. MONOTROPA. Cal. 0. Pet. 10. horum 5. exte-
riora basi excavata, mellifera. Caps. 5 -valvis, poly-
sperma.

3/0. DION7EA. Cal. 5-phyllus. Pet. 5. Stigm. fimbria-
tum. Caps. 1-locularis, gibba, polysperma.

371. JUSSI7EA. Cal. 4-5-partitus, superus. Pet. 4-5.

CYps. 4-5 -loculatis, oblonga, angulis dehiscens, calyce
coronata. Sem. numerosa, minuta.

372. GYMNOCLADUS. Cal. tubulosus, 5-fidus. Pet. 5,

aequalia, tubo inserta. Stam. non exerta. Legumen

1- loculare, intus pulposum. Flores racemosi. Dioicus.

373. ACACIA. Cal. tubulosus, 5-dentatus. Pet. 5. Stam.

5 — 40. exerta. Legumen ]-loculare, 2-valve. Po-
ly gam a.

374. SCHRANKIA. Cal. tubulosus, 5-dentatus. Pet. 5.

Stam. 8 — 10. exerta. Siliqua 4 -valvis. Polygama,

*** P oly pet alce 1 Irregulares.

375. CASSIA. Cal. 5-phyllus. Pet. 5. subaequaiia. Anth>

supremae 3. steriles, infimae 3. rostratae, in filamentis
longioribus incurvis. Legumen membranaceum,

2- valve.

3/6. PODALYRIA. Cal. subbilabiatus, 5-fidus. Cor.
papiiionacea, alae vexilli longitudine. Legumen laeve,
ventricosum, polyspermum.

3 77- CERCIS. Cal. 5-dentatus, inferne gibbus. Cor. pa-
piiionacea : vexillo sub alis brevi. Legumen. Folia
simplicia.

378. VIRGILIA. Cal. 5-dentatus, inferne gibbus. Cor.
papiiionacea: alae vexillo breviores. Le gu men com-
pressum, polyspermum. Folia pinnata.

BECANDRIA.

281

II. DIGYNIA.

3 fQ. HYDRANGEA. Cal. superus, 5-deritatits. Pet. 5.
Caps. 2-locularis, 2-rostris, foramine inter cornua
dehiscens.

380. SAXIFRAGA. Cal. 5-pavtitus. Pet. 5. Caps. 2-

rostfis, 1-locularis, polysperma.

381. TIARELLA. Cal. 5- partitus. Pet. 5. integra, calyci

inserta. Caps . 1-locularis, 2- valvis : valvula altera
majore

382. MITELLA. Cal. 5-fidus. Pel. 5. pinnatifida, calyci

inserta. Caps. 1-locularis, 2-valvis : valvulis aequa-
libus.

383. SAPONARIA. Cal. tubulosus, nudus. Pet. 5. ml-

guiculata. Caps, oblonga, 1 -Jocularis.

384. DIANTHUS. Cal. cylindricus, longus, coriaceus,

basi squamis 4 — 8. Pet. 5. unguiculata. Caps, cy-
lindrica, 1-locularis, apice dehiscens.

385. SOLER ANTHUS. Cal. 1-phyllus, cui Stamina

inserta. Cor. O. Sem. 1-2. calyce inclusa.

III. TKIGYNIA.

386. CUCUBALUS. Cal. inflatus. Pet. 5. unguiculata,

absque corona ad faucem. Caps . 3-locularis.

38/. SILENE. Cal. cylindricus. Pet. 5. unguiculata, co-
ronata ad faucem. Caps. 3-locularis.

388. STELLARIA. Cal. 5-phyllus, patens. Pet. 5. bi-

partita. Caps, ovata, 1-locularis, polysperma, apicp
6-dentata.

389. ARENARIA. Cal. 5-phyllus, patens. Pet. 5. in-

tegra. Caps. 1-locularis, polysperma,

IV. TETRAGYNIA.

390. MICROPETALUM. Cal. 5-phyllus, patens. Pet. 5,

minuta, integra aut nulla. Stigm. 4, sessilia. Caps.
ovata, calyce longior, 4-valvis.

V. PENTAGYNIA.

391. SPERGULA, Cal! '5-phyllus. Pet. 5. integra. Caps.

ovata, 1-locularis, 5-vaivis,

392. CERASTIUM. Cal. 5-phyllus. Pet. 5. bifida aut

282

laurifolia.

Menziesii.

tomeniosa.

DECANDRIA.

emarginata. Caps, 1-locularis, apice dentati m de-
hiscens.

393« AGROSTEMMA. Cal. 1-phyllus, coriaceus. Pet. 5»
unguiculata : limbo obtuso, indiviso. Caps. 1-locu-
laris.

394. OXALTS. Cal. 5-phyllus. Pet. 5. unguibus connexa.

Stamina inaequalia, 5. breviora, exteriora basi con-
nata. Caps, angulis elastice dehiscens, 5-gona. Sem.
subarillata.

395. PENTHORUM. Cal. 5 -fidus. Pet. 0. aut 5. Caps.

5. cuspidata, 5-locularis.

396. SEDUM. Cal. 5-fidus. Pet. 5. Squamee nectari-

ferae 5. ad basin germinis. Caps. 5.

VI. DECAGYNIA.

397. PHYTOLACCA. Cal. 0. Pet. 5. calycina. Bacca

supera, 10-locularis, 10-sperma.

I. MONOGYNIA .

355. ARBUTUS. Gen.pl. 750.

1. A; arborea; foliis oblongis utrinque acuminatis acute

serratis glabris, racemis axillaribus secundis sessilibus
solitariis. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 617*

In North America. Linn. suppi. 238. b- + • What
part of North America this tree comes from, I am un-
acquainted with ; probably from the west coast, and
very likely may be found on the Columbia, as well as
the foregoing species.

Nothing can be found in the Linnaean Herbarium re-
specting the plant. J. E. Smith.

2. A. arborescens; foliis lato-ovalibus integerrimis glabris,

petiolis longis, racemis axillaribus et terminalibus pa-
niculatis densidoris.

On the north-west coast of America. A. Menzies. *
v. s. in Herb. Banks.

3. A. frutescens y ramis hispidis, foliis ovalibus acutis basi

subcordatis subtus aibido-tomentosis, petiolis brevibus,
pedunculis axillaribus longitudine foliorum subcapi-
tato-racemidoris, doribus campanulato-urceolatis brac-
teatis.

-

Z/./AszZ/Jlt'/f

jZuz//<?

I

Tab. ll I

BECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. ArbutUS.

On the north-west coast of America. A. Menzies. Tj .
v. s. in Herb. Banks.

4. A. caulibus procumbentibus, foliis obovatis acutis rugo-

sis serratis, racemis terminalibus.— Willd. sp. pl. 2.
j p.6l8.

Icon. Fl.dan.y3. Engl. lot. 2030.

In Canada. Pj . May, June. v. v. Flowers white j
berries black.

5. A. caulibus procumbentibus, foliis cuneato-obovalibus
integerrimis margine convexis coriaceis, floribus fas-
ciculatis, baccis 5 •spexeras.--- Willd. sp.pl. 2. p . (518.

Icon. Schmidt ari. t. 138. FI dan. t. 33. Engl. lot. 7 14.

In the pine-barrens of New Jersey, and in mountainous
and rocky situations of Canada and New England.

I? . June. v. v. Flowers pale red 5 berries scarlet.

On the plains of the Mississippi the Indians smoke
the leaves under the name of Sacacommis , and con-
sider them of great medicinal virtue.

3 56. GAULTHERIA. Gen. pl. ?4g.

1 . G. caule procumbente, ramis erectis, inferne nudis su- procumbens .
perne confertim foliosis, foliis obovatis basi acutis te-
nuissime ciliato-dentatis, floribus paucis terminalibus
nutantibus. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 6\ 6.

Icon. Bot. rep. 116. Duham. ari. ].t. 113.

In dry woods, on mountains, and in sandy plains : Ca-
nada to Virginia, . May. v. v. A little shrubby
plant, resembling seedling plants of Kalmia latifolia ;
flowers white ; berries red, eatable, and known
by the name of Partridge- berries. The leaves, if
properly cured, make a most excellent tea, for which
reason it is likewise known by the name of Moun-
tain-tea.

2. G. caule repente hispido, foliis subiotundo-ovalibus acu- Serpyllifolia .
tis, floribus solitariis axillaribus subsessilibus octandris,
coroiiis brevi-campanulatis.

Vaccinium hispidulum. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 3 55.

Arbutus filiformis. Lam. encycl. 1. p. 228.

Icon. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. t . 23.

In sphagnous swamps, particularly where cedars and
other evergreens abound : Canada to Pensylvania. T? .

April, May. v. v. A small creeping plant $ berries
white, very sweet, and agreeable to eat.

3. G, erecta fruticosa $ foliis ovatis subcoi datis serrulatis.

283

alpina .

Uva ursi .

Skallon .

284

35ECANDRIA M0N0GYNIA. Arbutus.

stamineum.

racemis secundis bracteatis, pedicellis medio bibraca
teolatis.

On the falls of Columbia and near the Western Ocean.
M. Lewis. On the North-west coast. Menzies.
Tj . May, June. v. s. in Herb. Lewis, nec non Banks.

Frutex sempervirens. Kami teretes, verrucosi, glabri :
juniores ferrngineo-pubescentes. Folia alterna, bre-
vissime petioldta, ovata vel lato-ovalia, interdum basi
subcordata, abrupte acuminata, serrulata, coriacea,
utrinque glabra, subtus nervis venisque reticulatis pro-
minentibus. Racemi in apice ramulorum axillares et ter-
minales, simplices, ferrugineo-pubescentes. Flores se-
cundi, bracteati, albi, rore rubro pubescentes. Pedicelli
solitarii, medio bibracteolati. Bracteae lanceolatae.
Corolla urceolata, limbo subclauso, 5-dentata. Bacca
subglobosa, acuta, carnosa, purpurea, extus hirsuta,
intus semi-5-valvis : loculis polyspermis. Semina
ovato-subtriquetra.

This elegant evergreen shrub is in high esteem among
the natives, on account of its berries, which they call
Shall on , and which name I have adopted here. Mr.
A. Menzies, who was the first discoverer of this shrub,
observes one peculiarity, which is its growing under
the shade of close pine forests, where scarcely any
other plant thrives : this makes it so much more desir-
able for our plantations, as a highly ornamental shrub,
since but few will bear such a situation. I was first
inclined to take this species to belong to Arbutus, hav-
ing only seen imperfect specimens 3 but through the
liberal communication of Mr. A. Menzies, I have been
enabled to class it more properly with this genus*
though it deviates from both in some respects.

357 . VACCINIUM. Gen. pi 658.
f Foliis deciduis.

* Corollis campanulaiis .

I. V. foliis ovalibus acutis integerrimis subtus glaucis, pe-
dicellis solitariis axillaribus filiformibus, corollis patu-
lo-campanulatis, laciniis oblongis acutis, antheris ex-
ertis, dorso aristatis, baccis pyriformibus.— sp.

pl 2. p. 349.

Icon. Pink. aim. t. 33 g.f. 3. bona.

In dry woods j common : New England to Florida.
Ij . May, June. v. v. About two feet high ;
flowers white : berries green, or white when per-

decandria monggynia. Vaccinium.

fectly ripe. In the mountains they are known by the
name of Deer- berries.

2. V. foliis ovalibus seu obovatis acutis integerrimis subtus
glaucis, nervis venisque pubescentibus, pedicellis so-
litariis axillaribus filiformibus, corollis patulo-cam-
panulatis, laciniis ovatis subacaminatis, antheris ex-
ertis dorso aristatis, baccis subglobosis. — Willd. sp .
pl. 2. p. 350 ?

Icon. Bot. rep. 203. V. stamineum.

In dry sandy woods : New Jersey to Carolina. •
April, May. v . v. Flowers white, larger than No. I $
berries white or greenish-white. I am not certain
whether this is the V. album of Linnseus or not. As I
never could find any certainty about the authentic
species, I venture to adopt this species for it. In the
Banksian Herbarium it is under the name of V. ele-
vatum.

j 3. V. foliis petiolatis obovalibus utrinque acutis mucronatis
glanduloso-serrulatis, supra nitidis, reticulato-yenosis,
subtus subpubescentibus, racemis bracteatis nutanti-
bus, pedicellis axillaribus solitariis filiformibus, corollis
cylindrico-campanulatis ; laciniis acutis, antheris in-
clusis dorso aristatis.— -Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 230.

V. diffusum. Ait. kew. 2. p. 11. Herb. Banks.

In dry woods, on the rocky banks of rivers : North Ca-
rolina to Florida. I? • May, June. v. v. A large shrub,
sometimes twenty feet high, very elegant : flowers
white, tinged with red 5 berries globular, black, almost
dry.

4t. V. ramulis, foliis racemisque hispidiusculis atomis resi-
nosis irroratis, foliis obovato-oblongis basi acutis mu-
cronatis integerrimis concoloribus, racemis bracteatis,
pedicellis brevibus axillaribus subsolitariis medio bi-
bracteatis, corollis campanulatis, laciniis rotundatis,
antheris inclusis. Bot. mag. 1 106. Bot. rep. 112.

V. hirtellum. Ait. kew. ed. 2. v. 2. p. 35J. Herb .
Banks.

V. frondosum. Midi. fl. amer. 1. p. 230.

In dry sandy woods, particularly pine-forests : New
Jersey to Florida, b • June, July. v. v. A low
shrub ; flowers large, white; berries black, globular.

5. V. foliis obovato-oblongis obtusiusculis muticis integer-
rimis glabris subtus glaucis copiose atomis resinosis
irroratis, racemis laxis bracteatis, pedicellis longis fili-

285

album ,

arboreum .

dumosum ,

frondosum,

28 6

BECANDRIA MO NOGYNIA» Vaccinium.

lanceola turn.

pallidum.

resinosum.

viridescens.

rubescens.

latescens.

corymlosmn.

formibus bracteolatis, bracteis linearibus, corollis
ovato-campanulatis, laciniis acutis, antheris inclusis.—
Willd . sp. pl. 2. p. 352.

V. glaucum. Midi. fi. amer. 1. p. 231.

Icon. Bot. rep. 140.

V. foliis lanceolatis utrinque acutis.

V. venustum. Ait. kew. 2. p. 11. Heri. Banks.

In open woods, sandy soil : New Jersey to Carolina. ^ •
May, June. v. v . ; v. s. in Herl. Banks. About
three feet high ; flowers small, almost globular, white;
berries large, blue, globular, eatable ; called by the
country people Blue-tangles.

6. V. foliis ovatis acutis serrulatis glabris, racemis bracteatis,

corolllis cylindraceo-campanulatis. Ait. kew , 2.p. 10.
In North America. Alton. T? . May, June. -j~. A
doubtful species. 1 have not been able to ascertain it,
even after a strict examination of the Banksian Her-
barium.

** Coroll's urceolatis ; Antheris inclusis,

|| Florilus racemosis seu fasciculatis.

7. V. foliis tenuibus petiolatis oblongo-ovalibus plerumque

obtusis muticis integerrimis subtus atomis resinosis
irroratis, racemis lateralibus secundis, pedicellis bre-
vibus subbracteolatis, corollis ovato-conicis 5-gonis. — ■
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 352.

Andromeda baccata. Wangh . amer. 2. t.SO.f. 6g.
a. V, corollis luteo- viridescentibus.

/3. V. corollis rubescentibus. Bot. mag. 1288.
y. V. foliis lanceolatis, corollis rubro-iutescentibus.

V. parviflorum. Bot. rep. 12 5.

In woods and mountains ; frequent : Canada to Carolina.
J? . May, June. v. v. From two to four feet high ;
berries black, eatable.

8. V. ramis floriferis subaphyllis, foliis oblongo-ovalibus

utrinque acutis mucronatis subintegerrimis, junioribus
utrinque pubescentibus subtus subtomentosis, adultis
supra glabris, subtus nervis venisque pubescentibus,
racemis brevibus sessilibus squamoso-bracteatis, co-
rollis cylindraceo-ovatis, calycibus erectis, stylo sub-
exerto. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 35 1 .

Y disomcrphum. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 231.

V. album. Lam. encycl. 1. p. 73.

In swamps and wet woods : Canada to Virginia, .
June. v. v v. s. in Heri. Banks, A shrub, rising

deca'ndma monogynia. Vaccinium.

sometimes to the height of seven or eight feet 3 flow-
ers white, sometimes tinged with red 3 berries black,
insipid.

9. V. ramis floriferis aphyllis, foliis oblongis utrinque acutis

integerrimis glabris nervis subtus subpubescentibus,
racemis Confertis bracteatis, corollis cylindraceis, laciniis
acutis, calycibus reflexis, stylo incluso.— IViild. sp.
pl. 2, p. 353. Ait, keiv. 2. p. 12.

V. disomorphum var. Mich.Ji. amer . 1. p. 231.

Icon. Bot. rep. 1 38.

In low grounds and swamps : New Jersey to Virginia.

. May, June, v, v. 3 v s. in Herb Banks. A tall
shrub with red twigs: dowers large, white with a
red tinge ; berries black, insipid. This species has a
number of varieties in size, shape, and colour.

10. V. ramis floriferis elongatis subapbyllis, foliis lanceolato-

oblongis utrinque acutis serrulatis glabris, racemis ses-
silibus corymbosis bracteatis, corollis cylindraceis,
fauce coarctato, laciniis brevissimis, calycibus reflexis,
stylo incluso. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 353. Ait. keiv. 2.
p. 12.

Icon. Bot. rep. 181.

In sw'amps of Virginia and Carolina, h . May, June.
v. v. A middle-sized shrub 3 flowers tinned with
crimson, very handsome.

11. V. foliis oblongis acutis serrulatis glabris, racemis aggre-

gatis terminalibus cory mbosis bracteatis, pedicellis lon-
gis nutantibus, corollis cylindraceis, laciniis erectis bre-
vibus, calycibus acutis erectis, stylo subexerto,—
IViild. sp. pl. 2. p. 351. Ait. kew. 2 . p. 11.

V. formosum. Bot. rep. 97.
fi.V. foliis angusto-lanceolatis utrinque acuminatis.

In swamps of Lower Cardina and Georgia, f? • May,
June. v. v.; v. s. in Herb Banks. An elegant small
shrub 3 flowers red and white striped 3 calyx brown.

12. V. foliis sessilibus cuneato-lanceolatis subserrulatis veno-

sis pubescentibus, fasciculis sessilibus, pedicellis bre-
vissimis, calycibus acuminatis, corollis ovatis fauce
valde coarctatis, stylo exerto. — Mich. fi. amer. l.
p. 232.

Jn shady woods and swamps : Virginia and Carolina. b> .
May, June. v. v. Flowers small, yellowish- white 5
berries small, globular, black.

287

amoenum .

virgatum .

fuscatum .

angustifoli-

um.

galezans.

288 I5ECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Vaccinium.

ligustrinum. 13. V. ramis angulatis, foliis subsessilibus erectis lanceolatis
mucronatis serrulatis venosis pubescentibus, fasciculis
gemmaceis sessilibus, pedicellis vix ullis, corollis ob-
longiuscule-ovatis.-“/Fz7/d sp. pl.2.p.352. Mick .
fi. amer. l.p. 233.

In dry woods : Pensylvania to Virginia ; common on the
mountains. lq . May, June. v. v. An upright
straight shrub \ flowers purplish-red, berries black.
This species varies extremely in the shape and size of
the leaves.

tenellum , 14. V. ramis angulatis viridibus, foliis sessilibus ovato-lan-

ceolatis mucronatis serrulatis utrinque lucidis, fascicu-
lis confertifloris subterminalibus sessilibus, corollis
ovatis. — -Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 353. Jit. kew. 2. p. 12.

V. pensylvanicum, Lam. encycl. 1. p. /2. Midi, fi,
amer. 1. p. 232.

On dry hills, in gravelly soil : New England to Virginia.
bc . May. v. v. ; v. s. in Herb. Banks. A low, very
branching shrub 5 flowers pale red 3 calyx green 5 berries
large, blueisb-black, extremely sweet and agreeable to
eat. The mountains of Pensylvania produce an immense
variety of this species, in size, and shape of the fruit,
leaves and flowers.

|| || Floribus solitariis.

uliginosum . 15. V foliis parvis obovatis obtusis integerrimis supra glabris

subtus venosis pubescentibus glaucisque. floribus sub-
solitariis, corollis brevi-urceolatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 350. Midi. fi. amer. l.p. 235.

Icon. FI. dan. 231. Enfi. hot. 581.

In bogs of the more northern regions of America. Jq •
April, May. v. s. From one to two feet high y
flowers rose-coloured ; stamens from eight to ten y
berries blueish- black, eatable.

viyrtilloides. Id. V. foliis angusto-lanceoiatis membranaceis integerrimis
subtus juxta nervos et margine pubescentibus, floribus
sparsis subsolitariis brevissime-pedicellatis. — Mich.fi .
amer. 1. p. 234.

V. angustifolium. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 351. Jit. kew. 2.
p. 11.

In Canada about Hudson’s Bay and Labrador. Iq • April,
May. v. s. in Herb. Banks . Berries large, blueish-
black, known by the name of Bluets.

BECANDRIA monogvnia. Vaccinium.

IJ. V. puellum, cespitosum, glaberrimum; foliis cuneato-
obovalibus rotundato-obtusis conspicue serratis mem-
branaceis, floribus rameis solitariis subsessilibus, co-
rolla breviter pedicellata. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 234.

In the more northern regions, particularly about Hud-
son’s Bay. Michaux. A little shrub not above

three inches high ; berries black. Among the spe-
cimens of A. Menzies from the north-west coast in
the Banksian Herbarium is one very like the present
species, but apparently evergreen.

+ f Foliis sempervir entibus.

* Corollis campanulatis.

18. V. humile ; caulibus repentibus, ramulis erectis, foliis

obovatis emarginatis revolutis subserrulatis supra luci-
dis, subtus punctatis, racemis terminalibus nutanti-
bus, corollis cylindrico-campanulatis.— /F'i/Zc?. sp.pl. 2.
p. 354. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 22 9.

Icon. FI. dan. 40. Engl. lot. 5Q3.

On rocks near the sea-coast : Canada to New England,
t? . May, June. v. v. A low shrub ; flowers pale
red, generally 4-cleft with four stamina ; berries red,
acid. The American plant is more robust than the
European, and the leaves are considerably larger.

19. V. repens, glaberrimum ; foliis petiolatis ovalibus luci-

dis revolutis rariter denticulatis, fasciculis axillaribus
subsessilibus paucifloris, corollis subgloboso-campanu-
latis brevissime 5-denticulatis, antheris dorso muticis,
Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 229.

In Carolina. Michaux. T2 . +• Berries small, black.

20. V. diffusum ; ramis adscendentibus laxis, follis oblongo-

lanceolatis utrinque acutis serratis rigidis glabris, race-
mis terminalibus corymbosis bracteatis paucifloris,
floribus nutantibus, calycibus adpressis, corollis pa-
tulo-campanulatis profunde acuteque 5 -dentatis.-—
Bot. rep. 105.

In Carolina. Fraser. Tj • May, June. v. v. Flowers
pink red, very ornamental.

*•* Corollis urceolatis .

21. V. erectum, ramosissimum ; ramis distichis, foliis niti-

dis obovato-ellipticis utrinque acutis glabris serratis, ra-
cemis terminalibus corymbosis bracteatis nutantibus,
corollis cylindraceis.—ifof. rep. 480.

VOL. 1. u

28 Q
cespitosum .

Vitis Idaea.

myrtifolium ,

crass if oliumo

nitidum.

290

myr sinitis.

'lanceolatum.

obtusum.

buxifolium.

ovatum.

obtusum.

tetragona.

DECANDHIA MONOGYNIA, Vaccinium.

In Carolina. Tj . May, June. v. v. Flowers pink- red.
This species approaches near to No. 20, but differs in
the shape of the corolla materially ; it is also near to
the following, but sufficiently diffetent.

22. V. erectum, ramosissimum, microphyllum ; foliis sessi-

libus ovalibus mucronatis subset rulatis supra laevigatis
lucidis subtus subhirsutis scabro-punctatis, fasciculis
gemmaceis terminalibus iateralibusque, corollis ob-
iongo-ovatis. — Mick.fi. amer. 1 . p. 233.

/3. V. foliis lanceolatis utrinque acutis.
y. V. foliis subrotundo-obovatis.

In dry sandy woods : Carolina and Florida. Tj . May,
June. v. v. A beautiful little shrub j calyx scarlet;
corolla purple.

23. V. pumilum ; foliis obovatis crenato-dentatis glabris;

fasciculis congestis subsessilibus axillaribus et termi-
nalibus, corollis brevi-ovatis, filamentis glandulosis,
stigmate capitato. — Bot. rep. 4. Bot. mag. Q23.

V. brachycerum. Mich. fi. amer. 1. p. 234.

In dry woods, on limestone rocks : western parts of Vir-
ginia, near Winchester and the Sweet-springs. Tj *
June. v. y. A handsome little shrub ; flowers white,
delicately tinged with red.

24. V. foliis petiolatis ovatis acutis revolutis serratis glabris

coriaceis, racemis axillaribus et terminalibus bractea-
tis brevibus, corollis cylindraceis, calycibus acutis.

On the Columbia river. M. Lewis. On the north-west
coast. Menzies. • May. v. s. in Herb. Banks.

25. V. repens ; foliis parvis ovalibus utrinque rotundato-

obtusis mucronatis integerrimis glabris coriaceis, pe-
dunculis axillaribus solitariis unifloris.

On the north-west coast. Menxies. ^ , v. s, s.fi. in
Herb. Banks.

358. ANDROMEDA. Gen. pi. 747.

* Foliis perennantibus.

1. A. foliis imbricatis carinatis margine nudis, pedunculis
axillaribus solitariis filiformibus unifloris, corollis nu-
tantibus campanulatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 607.

Icon. Pall.fi. ross. 2. t. 7^>fi 4. FI. lapp. t. 1. f. 4.

In Canada ; Labrador. Colmasler . On the north-west
coast. Nehon. ^ . May, June. v. s. Flowers white.

)

DicANDRiA MONOGYNiA. Andromeda.

&. A. foliis imbricatis subulatis glabris, pedunculis solitariis
terminalibus unifloris, corollis nutantibus globoso-
campanulatis. — • IVilld . sp.pl 2. p. 608.

Icon. FI. dan. 10. Pall.fi. ross . 2. t. 73. f. 2.

On the north-west coast. Nelson. Pj . May. v. s. in
Herb . Bonks. A small creeping shrub, resembling a
moss ; dowers white, tinged with red.

3. A. fbliis lineari-lanceolatis convexis revolutis subtus al-

bicanti-glaucis supra glauco-canescentibus, floribus
aggregatis terminalibus corollis subglobosis, antheris
versus apicem aristatis .^—Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 010.
Mich.fi. amer. 2. p 254.

h. A, fdli’ri lanceolato-linearibus, laciniis calycinis oblongis
rubris. Jit. kew. 2 .p. 68

Icon. Pali fi. ross. 2. p 53. t. /0 . f. B.

p. A. foliis oblongis, corollis ovatis incarnatis, laciniis caly-
cinis patentibus ovatis albis Interdum apice rubicundis.
Ait. kew. 2. p 68.

In bogs of Canada and Labrador* and on the borders of
mountain-lakes, in sphagnous grounds : New York
and Pensylvania. P? • June. v- v> A small shrub,
about one foot high ; flowers white, tinged with red.
I strongly suspect the variety ec. to be a distinct species*

- which might be called A. rosmarinijolia.

4. A. foliis lanceolato-oblongis obtusiusculis obsolete serru-

latis subrevolutis squamoso -punctatis subtus ferrugi-
neis, racemis terminalibus foliosis secundis, pedicellis
brevibus solitariis axillaribus, calycibus acutis basi bi-
bracteatis, bracteis lato-ovatis acuminatis, corollis
oblongo-cylindraceis. IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 6l4.

Icon. Pali. fi. ross 2. p. 53. t.fl.f 1.

In bogs and swamps 3 frequent, particularly on the
mountains : Canada to Virginia. ^ . April, May.
v. v . Flowers white.

*5. A. foliis lineari-lanceolatis acutis margine subundulato-
revolutis squamoso-punctatis subtus subferrugineis,
racemis terminalibus foliosis secundis, pedicellis bre-
vibus solitariis axillaribus, calycibus acuminatis basi
bibracteatis, bracteis minutis acutis, corollis oblongo-
ovalibus.

A. caiyculata y. angustifolia. Ait. kew. 2. p 70.

In open swamps: Carolina and Georgia. P? . April,
May. v v. ; v. v. in Herb. Lambert. This species
approaches nearly to the preceding, but is sufficiently
distinct to admit it to be more than a variety,
y 2

291

hypnoides.

polifolia.

angustifolia,

latifolia.

caiyculata *
angustifolia a

2Q 2

ferruginea.

\ rigida .

nitida ,

axillaris.

DECANDRiA monogynia. Andromeda.

6. A. fruticosa j ramis subflexuosis, foliis coriaceis distan-
tibus longe petiolatis obovatis plerumque obtusis inte-
gerrimis planis margine revolutis subtus squamoso-
farinosis reticulato-venosis, pedicellis aggregatis axil-
laribus simplicibus unifloris paucis furfuraceo-ferrugi-
neis, corollis subglobosis, antheris muticis.

A. ferruginea. Walt. Jl. car. 138.

A. ferruginea /3. fruticosa. Mich.jl. amer. I . p. 252.

Icon. Vent. malm.. 80.

In the pine-woods of Georgia and Florida. T? . June.
v. v. A shrub from three to five feet high. Flowers
small, white inside and ferruginous outside.

/. A. arborescens j ramis strictis, foliis coriaceis rigidis con-
fertis brevi-petiolatis cuneato-lanceolatis acutis inte-
gerrimis convexis margine revolutis subtus squamoso-
tomentosis subaveniis, pedicellis aggregatis axillaribus
simplicibus unifloris numerosis furfuraceo-ferrugineis,
corollis subglobosis, antheris muticis.

A. ferruginea. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 609. Ait. kew. 2.
p. 67.

A. ferruginea a. arborescens. Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 252.

In barren sandy woods : Carolina to Florida. T? . April.
v. v. A shrub almost twenty feet high, or sometimes
forming a small tree : though nearly allied to the
former species, their habits, and particularly their flow-
ering time, differ so materially, that I have always con-
sidered them to be distinct species.

8. A. glaberrima 5 ramis subtriquetris, foliis coriaceis ova-

libus acuminatis integerrimis laevigatis, costa margi-
nem deflexum percurrente, fasciculis axillaribus, co-
rollis cylindraceis, laciniis calycis elongatis linearibus
coloratis, antheris basi bicorniculatis. — Mich.jl. amer .
1 . p. 252.

A. coriacea. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 6i3. Ait. kew. 2. p. 70.

A. lucida. Lam. encycl. 1. p. 157 .

A. marginata. Duham. arh

A. mariana. Jacq. ic.3. t.465.

Icon. Bot. mag. IO95.

In the sandy forests of Carolina and Florida. . June,
July. v. v. A handsome small shrub $ flowers pale
red 5 the calyx long, of a dark- red colour 3 leaves
marked with very fine punctures.

9. A. foliis oblongo-ovalibus basi acutis brevi-acuminatis

cartilagineo-serratis lucidis glabris coriaceis, racemi»

293

DECANDRiA MONQGYNi a. Andromeda.

spicatis axillaribus sessilibus squamoso-bracteatis un-
dique confertifloris , corollis cylindraceo-pvatis, an-
theris muticis. — Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 613. Ait. kew. 2.
p.6g.

(3. A. foliis lineari-lanceolatis longissimis.

On the mountains of Virginia to Georgia. k • May,
June. v. v. Flowers in short spikes, white 5 cap-
sules depressed, globular.

10. A. foliis petiolatis ovato-oblongis basi rotundatis superne

sensim angustatis acuminatis subserrulatis, serraturis
adpresso-spinulosis glabris coriaceis, racemis subspi-
catis axillaribus sessilibus squamoso-bracteatis secun-
dis laxiusculis, corollis brevibus cylindraceo-ovatis,
antheris muticis.

A. Catesbaei. Walt. Jl. car. 13 7- Willd . sp. pl. 2.

p 6l3.

In Lower Cardina, \ . May, June. v. v. Resembles
the foregoing one in several respects. The figure of
Catesl. car. 2. t. 43. is so very slightly done, that
there can be no reference made to it, and probably
belongs to A. racemosa.

11. A. glaberrima ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis superne sensim

angustatis acuminatis integerrimis seu i nas quali ter-
se r ratis glabris nitidis reticulato-venosis coriaceis, ra-
cemis axillaribus brevissimis corymbosis nudiusculis,
floribus pedicellatis nutantibus, corollis cylindraceo-
ovatis, antheris muticis postice gibbis.— Willd. sp.
pl. 2. p. 613. Ait. kew. 2. p. 70.

A. lucida. Jacq. ic. 3 . t. 79.

A. populifolia. Lam. encycl. t. p. 159.

A. reticulata. Walt.Jl. car. 137.

A. formosissima. Bartr. catal. ....

A. laurina. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 253.

Icon. Smith exot. hot. 89. bona. Jacq. ic. 7g. mala.

In sandy swamps of Georgia and Florida. Tj . July.
v. v . Flowers white, in great abundance , which gives
this shrub a fine appearance. The stem is hollow in-
side, and is used by the natives for making their pipe-
stems of it, from which the name Pipe-stem wood.

12. A. glaberrima ; foliis oblongo-ovatis acutis tenuissime

serrulatis adpresso-ciliatis glabris coriaceis, racemis
secundis axillaribus et terminalibus congesto-panica-
latis, pedicellis bibracteatis.

In the mountains of Georgia. Lyon. . May, June,

longifolia,

spijiulosa ,

acuminata •

Jloribunda ,

204

decandria MONOGYNiA. Andromeda.

mariana.

angustifolia.

speciosa .
nitida.

pulverulenta.

racemosa .

v v v.s. in Herb. Lyon. Flowers clear white, in
great abundance.

** Foliis deciduis .

13. A. filiis ovalibus utrinque subacutis integerrimis glabris

subcoriaceis subtus pallidi ribus, ramis floriferis sub-
apbyllis, pedunculis fasciculatis, corollis ovato-cylin-
draceis, calycibus foliosis, antheris muticis, capsula
conoidea — Willd. sp pl 2. p. 6cg. exci. syn. Jacquini.
/3. A. foliis angusto-lanceolatis.

Icon. Pluk want. t. 448.

In woods and dry swamps, particularly in sandy soil :
New England to Florida. ^ . May- -Aug, v.v. A
low shrub ; flowers large, white, sometimes tinged
with red. This plant has a number of very striking
varieties.

14. A. foliis ovalibus obtusis mucronatis crenatis serratisve

reticulato-venosis, ramis; floriferis denudatis aggregato-
raeemifloris, corollis campanulatis, antheris apice ge-
minaiim 4 -aristatis.— Mick Jl. amer. 1 , p. 250.
a. A foliis oblongo -ovatis serratis utrinque viridibus.

A. cassuiaefolia Vent malm. Jg.
jS. A. foliis rotundato-ovatis remote crenatis ramisque albo
pulverulentis.

A. pulverulenta. Bartr. it. 470. Bot. mag. 667.

A. cassinaefolia /3. Vent hart, cels 0O

A. ovata. Solander mss. in mus. Banks.

In swamps of North Carolina. J? . June. v. v. A
very ornamental little shrub ; flowers large, white. I
certainly must coincide with Michaux’s idea of
A. pulverulenta being only a variety, as I very fre-
quently have seen intermediate varieties, and even had
the trace of both on one plant.

15. A. foliis ovaii-lanceolatis acutis serrulatis membranaceis

glabris, spicis terminalibus secundis elongatis simpli-
cibus ramosisve, bracteis linearibus acutis, corollis cy-
lindraceis, calycibus acutis basi bibracteatis, antheris
apice geminatim quadriaristatis. — Willd . sp. pl. 2.
p. 0\ 2.

A. parsiculata. Walt. fl. car . 138.

A. racemis simplicibus, foliis lanceolatis alternis, &rc.
Gronov . virg 67.

In bogs and swamps j frequent : Canada to Florida. J? .
June, July. v.v. A middle-sized shrub, which may

decandria monogyny. Andromeda.

205

be reckoned one of the finest in North America, not
only for the graceful appearance of its flowers, but tiie
fine odour they have.

1 6. A. ramis teretibus, foliis oblongis acuminatis mucro-

nato-serratis glabris, paniculis terminalibus polysta-
chiis, corollis ovoideo- cylindraceis pubescentibus,
antheris linearibus muticis.— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 612.

Icon. BoL mag. Q05. Catesb. car. 1. t. / 1. Midi,
arb

In the valleys of the Allegany-mountains : Pensylvania to
Florida, b . June, July. v. v. A beautiful tree,
from forty to sixty feet high. Flowers white. The
leaves are of a very pleasant acid taste, from which it
has been called Sorrel- tree. They are frequently made
use of by hunters in those mountains to alleviate
thirst.

17. A. pubescens ; foliis obovato-lanceojatis acutis subinte-

gerrimis, ramis floriferis terminalibus paniculatis nu-
diusculis, glomerulis pedunculatis, corollis subglobosis
pubescentibus, antheris obtusis muticis. — Willd. sp.
pl. 2. p. 612.

A. globulifera. Hortul.

A. racemosa. Lam. encycl. 1. p. 158.

Common in all swamps and woods : Canada to Carolina.
Pj . June, July. v. v. Flowers small, white. There
are a number of varieties of this shrub, in size, pu-
bescence, shape of leaves, &c.

18. A. hispido-pubescens ; foliis obovato-lanceolatis seu ob-

longis acutis serrulatis, ramis floriferis foliosis, glome-
rulis axillaribus paucifloris subsessilibus, corollis glo-
bosis hispidis, antheris aristatis,

A. racemosa. lFalt.fi. car. 138.

A. paniculata foliosiflora. Mick.fi. amer. 1. p. 22 5,

In the lower counties of Virginia and Carolina, 0
May — July, v.v. Nearly allied to the former $ but
sufficiently distinct to form a species.

359. KALMIA, Gen. pl. 743.

1. K. ramis, foliis calycibusque hirsutissimis, foliis oppo-
sitis alternisque subsessilibus ellipticis, pedunculis ax-
illaribus solitariis unifloris foliis longioribus.— IVilld.
sp. pl. 2. p. 001 . IFalt.fl car. 138. Mich. fi. amer, i

p. 257.

arborea.

paniculata .

frondosa.

hirsuta.

2Q6

glauca ,

rosmarinifo-

lia.

cuneata.

angustifolia.

ovata.

latifolia ,

DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. KaliniS.

K. ciliata. Bartr. it. 18.

Icon. Bot.mag. 138.

In barren pine-woods : South Carolina and Georgia. I? •
June - Aug. v.v. A beautiful little shrub, but difficult
to cultivate ; leaves small, like thyme ; flowers large,
red.

2. K. ramulis ancipitibus, foliis oppositis subsessilibus ob-

longis laevibus subtus glaucis margine revolutis, corym-
bis terminalibus bracteatis, pedunculis calycibusque
glaberrimis. — Ait . kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 4J. iVilld. sp.
pl. 2. p. 601 .

K. polifolia. Wangh. act. soc. lerol. 8. p. 120. t. 5.

Icon. Bot. mag. 177 4it. kew. 2. t. S. Lam. illustr. 363.
/3. K. foliis linearibus magis revolutis subtus viridibus.

In bogs of Canada and on the borders of mountain-lakes
of New York and Pensylvania. Tj • April, May. v. v.
An upright, small shrub ; dowers pale red, very hand-
some. The variety /3. I discovered in a bog near Al-
bany, New York, and am inclined to think it a distinct
species.

3. K. foliis sparsis sessilibus cuneato-oblongis subtus pubes-

centibus apice minutim aristatis, corymbis lateralibus
paucifloris. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 25 j.

On the mountains of Carolina. Michaux. Tj .
Flowers white, with red at the bottom. Resembles
the following one in some respects, but is distinct j the
leaves are like those of Azalea, Mick.

4. K. foliis ternis petiolatis oblongis obtusis subtus subfer-

rugineis, corymbis lateralibus, bracteis linearibus,
pedunculis calycibusque glanduloso-pubescentibus. —
Ait. kew. ed. 2 v. 3. p. 47- Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 601.
Icon. Bot.mag. 331. Catesh. car,3>. t. IJ.f. J. Trew
ehret. t. 38 jf. 2.

/3. K. foliis latioribus subovatis, caule altiore.

In bogs and swamps, and sometimes in dry mountain
lands : Canada to Carolina. /3. New Jersey mountains.
Ij . May— July, v , v. A shrub from one to two
feet high j flowers dark red , known by the name of
Sheep Laurel, being considered very poisonous when
fed upon by sheep.

5. K. foliis longe petiolatis sparsis ternisque ovalibus utrin-

que laevigatis et subconcoloribus, corymbis terminali-
bus viscido-pubescentibus. — Willd . sp. pl, 2. />.600 .

DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Kalmia. 29/

Icon. Bot. viag.175. Wangh.amer. £.24./. 50. Catesl,
car. 2. t. 98.

On the sides of stony hills : Canada to Carolina. T? •

June, July. v. v. A shrub from three to eight feet
high, very elegant when in flower ; called Laurel or
in the mountains Callico-lush. The whole of this
genus are evergreen.

360. EPIGiEA. Gen. pi. 748.

1. E. ramis petiolis nervoque hirsutissimis, foliis cordato- repens .

ovatis integerrimis, corollis cylindricis. — Willd. sp.
pl 2. p. 615.

Icon. Bot. rep. 102. Lam. illustr. t. 36j.f. 1. Pluk.
aim. t. 107./ 1.

On shady rocks and in stony woods : Canada to Carolina.

\2 . May — July. v. v. A small trailing and creeping
plant ; flowers white, tinged with red, very fragrant.

361. RHODODENDRON. Gen. pl. 74 6.

3. R. arborescens 5 foliis oblongis acutis subtus discoloribus, maximum.
umbellis terminalibus, calycis laciniis ovalibus obtusis,
corollis campanulatis. — JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 606.

a. R. foliis elliptico-oblongis convexis -basi obtusiusculis roseum*
subtus albicantibus vel ferrugineis, corollae laciniis sub-
rotundis, stylo staminibus vix longiore, floribus albi-
do-roseis.

R. maximum Schmidt ari. 1. 121. Bot.mag.Q5l. lona.

Lam. illustr. 364.

/3. R. foliis cuneato-lanceolatis planis basi sensim acutis sub- album,
tus pallidioribus, corollae laciniis rotundato-oblongis,
stylo staminibus vix longiore, floribus minoribus
albidis.

y. R. altissimum ; foliis majoribus oblongo-ellipticis pia- purpureum,
niusculis basi obtusiusculis utrinque viridibus, corollae
laciniis oblongis obtusis, stylo staminibus paulo lon-
giore, Horibm purpurascentibus.
a. In the mountains, near rivulets and lakes : Canada to
Carolina. /3. In shady cedar-swamps of New Jersey
and Delaware, y. On the highest mountains of Vir-
ginia and Carolina, near lakes. ^ a June, July.

/3. July, Aug. y. May, June. v. v. This elegant
shrub, with its varieties, grows from four to twenty
feet high 5 flowers large and in great abundance. The

'MJ8

DECANDKiA MONOGYNiA. Rhododendron.

variety y. approaches near to R.ponticum, but is dif-
ferent in its foHaceous calyx and otherwise ; it occupies
the borders of lakes on high mountains, and grows to
an immense size; its stem is often found eighteen
inches and more in diameter, and its foliage triple the
size of any other species : it might be considered as a
distinct species. The only plant of this sort I have
seen in England is in the garden of James Vere, Esq.
at Kensington Gore. The leaves of var. (3. are so di-
stinct from var. a. that it also has claims to be a species.

punctatum • 2. R. foliis ovali-lanceolatis utrinque acutis glabris subtus

ferrugineis resinoso-punctatis, umbellis terminalibus,
pedicellis brevibus, dentibus calycis brevissimis, co-
rollis infundibuliformibus, laciniis ovatis subundulatis,
capsulis elongatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 607.

R. minus. Mich, ft. amer. I. p. 258.

Icon. Bot.rep.36. Vent.hort cels 15.

On the mountains of Carolina, particularly on the head-
water of the Savannah river. F? . July, Aug. v. v.
An elegant shrub, not near the size of No. 1 ; flowers
pink-red and smaller.

catawliense . 3. R. foils brevi-ovalibus utrinque rotundato-obtusis glabris

subtus discoloribus, umbellis terminalibus, laciniis ca-
lycis elongato-oblongis, corollis campanulatis .—Midi,
ft. amer. 2 .p. 258.

On the high mountains of Virginia and Carolina, parti-
cularly on the head-waters of the Catawba river.
T? . May, June. v. v. s.ft. The flowers are said to
be scarlet.

362 RHODORA. Gen. pl. 74 5.

canadensis, 1. Rhodora. JVilld . sp. pl. 2. p. 603.

Icon. Bot. mag. 47 4. Lam. illustr. 364. L'Herit ,
stirp. i . t. 68.

In bogs of Canada, and on the high mountains of New
York and Pensylvania. I? . April, May, v. v. A
shrub about two feet high, of the appearance of Aza-
lea. Leaves elliptic, entire, of a glaucous hue, and
pubescent underneath. Flowers in terminal umbels,
pale purple.

©ECANDRIA MONOGYN'I A.

363. PYROLA. Gen. pi. 572.

1. P. foliis rotpndatis sive subrotundo-obovalibus obsolete
serrnlatis, spica floribus undique versis, pistillo de-
clinato Wiild. sp. pi. 2 p. 621.

Icon. FI. dan. ,10. Engl. lot. 213, Lam. illustr. t.367 •

f 1.

In dry stony or sandy woods : Canada to Carolina. 1/.
June, July, v v Flowers white; the stigma is ro-
tate, with five tubercles.

2. P. foliis reniformibus, scapo squamis nonnullis convo-
lutis vaginantibus remote vestito, spica floribus undi-
que versis, pistillo declinato. Midi. Jl. amer. 1.
p 51.

In Canada. Michaux. On the mountains of Pensyl-
vania, in beech- woods. P. If.. July. v.v. Flowers
yellowish-green.

3. P. foliis subrotundo-ovalibus serrnlatis, scapo subnudo,
spica floribus undique versis, pistillo recto. — Wiild.
sp.pl. 2 p. 621.

Icon. FI. dan. 55. Engl. hot. 158.

In Canada and Labrador ; rare in the western parts of
New York, If. July, v.v Flowers smaller than the
foregoing species, white, with a tinge of red; stigma
pel tat ed.

4. P. foliis rotundato-qvatis acutis serratis, spicae floribus
secundis, pistillo recto. - Wiild. sp pl 2. p. 621.

Icon. FI. dan. 402. Engl. lot. 517-
In sandy barren woods : Canada to New Jersey. If .
July. v. v. Flowers greenish-white j stigma peltate,
gibbous.

5. P. foliis suborbiculatis serratis, scapo unifloro, stylo recto.
Wiild. sp . pl. 2, p. 622.

Icon. FI. dan.t. 8. Engl. lot. 146.

In shady woods and sphagnous swamps : Canada to New
York If. .July. v.v. This pretty little plant has
large white and fragrant flowers ; the stigma is five-
radiated. All these species are evergreen, and known
by the name of Winter-green.

rotundifolia .

asarifolia .

minor .

secunda .

uniflora .

300

maculata.

corymlosa.

palustre.

decumbens»

latifolium.

BECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

364. CHIMAPHILA.

1. C. foliis lanceolatis basi rotundatis remote serratis fascia

longitudinali discolore notatis, scapo 2-3 -floro, fila-
mentis lanuginosis.

Pyrola maculata. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 622.

Icon. Bot.mag.8g7 . Pluk.mant. t.34g.f 4.

In shady gravelly or sandy woods : Canada to Carolina.
11 . July. v. v. Flowers white j leaves handsomely
variegated. This plant is in high esteem for its me-
dicinal qualities among the natives, they call it Sip-si-
sewa. I have myself been witness of a successful
cure made by a decoction of this plant, in a very se-
vere case of hysterics. It is a plant eminently de-
serving the attention of physicians.

2. C. foliis cuneato-lanceolatis basi acutis serratis concolo-

ribus, scapo corymbifero, filamentis glabris.

P. umbellata. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 622.

Icon. Bot. mag. 778. Lam. iliustr. t. 367 . /1 2.

In dry woods, frequent : Canada to Virginia. I/. July.
v. v. Flowers greenish-white, tinged with red ; an-
thers purple. Both species are handsome evergreens,
and known by the name of Winter-green. I have
ventured to form a new genus of these two species of
Pyrola , so very distinct in habit as well as character.
The name I have given is taken from the common
mme Winter-green : hyems, and amicus.

3 65. LEDUM. Gen.pl. 744.

1. L. foliis linearibus margine revolutis subtus ferrugineo-

tomentosis, staminibus denis corolla longioribus. Lam.
encycl. 3. p. 45g. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 602.

Icon. FI. dan. 1031. Duham. arb. 1. t. 67. Schmidt
arb. l63.

/3. L. spithamseurn decumbens. Ait. kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 48.
In swamps of Canada and round mountain-lakes of New
York. 1 3. Near Hudson’s Bay. \ . April, May. v. v.
Flowers white.

2. L. foliis lineari-obiongis margine replicatis subtus ferru-

gineo-tomentosis, staminibus subquinis corollam ae-
quantibus. Lam. encycl. 3. p. 4 5Q. Willd . sp. pl. % ,
p. 602.

L. groenlandicum. Retz. obs, 4. p. 26.

DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA, Ledum.

30 i

L. palustre. Mich . Jl. amer. 1. p. 2 5g.

Icon. Schmidt arh. 164. Jacq. ic. 3. t. 464. Lam, il-
lustr. t. 363. f. 1.

In sphagnous swamps of Canada. T? . April, May. v. v.

A larger and broader leaved plant than the foregoing
one j commonly called Labrador Tea.

366. AMMOtSINE.

1. A. foliis pusillis convexis ovalibus glabris lucidis, corym-
bis teaminalibus congestis.

Ledum buxifolium. JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 602. Ait . kew. 2.
p. 65.

Ledum thymifolium. Lam. encycl. 3. p. 459.

Icon. Bergius act. petrop. 1 777- />• 1. t. 3. f 2. Lam .
illustr. t. 363. f. 2.

In pine-barrens of New Jersey and on the mountains of
Carolina, t? . May, June. v. v. This elegant little
shrub grows to the height of about six inches, and
sometimes a foot ; the delicacy of its leaves and abun-
dance of its white flowers are highly ornamental. I
propose it as a distinct genus, being on one side re-
lated to Ledum , on the other approaching very near
to Azalea procumbens, vid. p. 154. The name has
been derived from oc^fjcog sabulum, and j u,vp<rivv),
myrtus pumilus ; being known by the name of Sand-
myrtle among the inhabitants of New Jersey.

367. CLETHRA. Gen.pl. 751.

1 . C. foliis cuneato-obovatis acutis superne grosse- serratis

utrinque glabris concoloribus, racemis spicatis simpli-
cibus bracteatis cano-tomentosis.- — IVilld. sp. pl. 2.

p. 619.

C. alnifolia denudata. Ait. kew. 2. p. 73.

Icon. Schmidt arh . 47. Lam. illustr. 3 69. Mill. ic. 28.
Catesb. car. 1 . t. 66.

In swamps, frequent : New England to Virginia. \ .
July— -Sept. v. v. A shrub from three to four feet
high ; flowers white, as likewise all the following
species are.

2. C. foliis cuneato-obovatis acutis superne tenue-serratis

subtus albo-tomentosis, racemis spicatis simplicibus
bracteatis villoso-tomentosis. — Lam . encycl. 2. p. 46.
C. alnifolia pubescens. Ait. kew. 2. p. 73.

huxifolia*

alnifolia .

tomentosa,

302

©ECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Clethra.

scabra.

In swamps of Virginia and Carolina. Tj . July, Aug,
v, v. Though generally considered a variety of No. 1, 1
take it to be a genuine species, as I have seen seedling
plants of both species keeping Constantly their di-
stinction.

3. C. foliis lato-cuneato-obovatis acutis utrinque scabris
grosse-serratis ; serraturis uncinatis, racemis spicatis
subpaniculatis bracteatis tenue-tomentosis. — ■ Pers.
syn. I . p. 483 ?

In the western parts of Georgia. Lyon. Tj . July. v. s.
in Herb. Lyon.

paniculata.

4. C. foliis anguste cuneato-lanceolatis acutis acuminato*
serratis utringue glabris, panicula te;minali elongate
racemiflora albo-tomentosa.- — Willd. sp. pl . 2. p. 620.
Ait. kew. 2. p. 73.

In Carolina. Bartram. Fj • July, Aug. v. s. in Herb .
Banks.

acuminata .

5. C. foliis ovalibus acuminatis basi obtusiusculis serratis
utrinque glabris subtus subglaucis, racemis spicatis
subsolitariis bracteatis albo- tomen tosis. — Midi.
amer. 1. p . 260.

C. montana. Bartr.catal.

On the high mountains of Carolina. F? . July, Aug.
v. v. Grows to the size of a tree; leaves large ;
flowers resembling those of No. 1 .

ligus trinum.

368. MYLOCARIUM. Willd. enum.

1. My locarium. Willd. 1. c.

Cliftonia. Herb. Banks.

On the dry borders of swamps : Georgia. Fj . May,
June. v. v. An elegant evergreen shrub, growing
to the height of eight or twelve feet ; flowers white,
sweet-scented, in terminal spikes; seeds resembling
buck-wheat, from which it has been called Buck-wheat
Tree .

Frutex sempervirens, 8-pedalis et ultra. Caulis ramo-
sissimus, cortice cinereo. Rami sparsi, glabri, fusci*
Folia sparsa in summitate ramulorum conferta, paten-
tia, subsessilia, cuneato-lanceolata, acutiuscula, in-
tegerrima, utrinque glabra, laevigata, plana, coriacea,
subtus glauca. Racemi terminales, solitarii, simplices
seu interdum basi ramosi, erecti, bracteati. Bractedi
solitariae, oblongas, acutae, membranaceae, deciduae.

.

SOI

becanbria MONOGYNiA. Mylocarium.

pedicello breviores* albidas* apice ferrugineae. Pedi*
celli filiformes* rubelli* medio bibracteolati. Bracteo -
Ice subulatse. Flores albi* suaveolentes. Calyx mi-
nimus, viridis* albo-marginatus : laciniis subrotundis.
Petala oblongo-ohovata, obtusa* subunguiculata : un-
guibus erectis : laminae concavae* patentes. Filamenta
receptaculo inserta, 5. alterna longiora* corolla vix
breviora* inferne dilatata* crassa* superne subulata.
Antherce subrotundae* flavae. Germen prismatico-3»
4-gonum, viride. Stigma sessile, crassum. Capsula
magnitudine et figura Polygoni Fagopyri , 3-4-alata*
4-locularis. Semina solitaria.

369. MONOTROPA. Gen.pl. 737 .

1. M. scapo spicifloro, squamis floribusque extus glabris 5

floribus lateralibus octandris. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 573.

Icon. FI. dan. 232. Engl. hot. 69. Moris, hist. 3. s. 12.

t. 16 f 20. Pluk. aim. t. 20 Q.J 5.

Parasitic* on the roots of beech and other trees, in shady
moist places : Canada to Pensylvania. 1/ . June* July.
v. v. The whole plant is of a brownish-yellow ap-
pearance ; it is smaller than the European species.

2. M. scapo spicifloro, bracteis floribusque undique lanugi-

nosis.— Mich. jl. amer. 2. p. 2 66.

In similar places: Pensylvania to Carolina. I/. July.
v. v . Of a light tan-coiour.

3. M. scapo breviore crasso uni floro* squamis approximatis,

flore cernuo decandro.— lFilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 573. exci,
syn . Moris.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 2QQ. f. 2. Catesb. car . 1. t. 36. bona.
In similar situations : New York to Carolina. I/ . May*
June. v.v. In general it appears in large clusters grow-
ing together j the whole plant is white.

4. M. scapo elongato rectissimo unifloro* squamis distanti-

bus, flore erecto decandro.— Mi ch.fi. amer. 1. p. 2 66.
Icon. Moris, hist. 3. s. 12. t. 1 6.f. 5. bona.

In shady woods : Virginia and Carolina. l/.June. v. v.
The flower is larger than No. 3* frequently with
twelve stamina.

Hypopithys .

lanuginosa »

uniflora ,

morisoniana .

304

muscipula .

grandiflora .

erecta .

sulacaulis.

canadensis .

DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA»

3;o. DIONAEA. pZ. 729,

1. Dionaea. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 574.

Icon. Bot. mag. 785. Few/. malm. 29.

In bogs of North Carolina, near Wilmington. 1/ . July*
Aug. w. t>. This singular and interesting plant,
known by the name of Venus's Fly-trap, is fully de-
scribed by the authors above^ quoted.

371. JUSSIEUA. Gen.pl. 741.

1. J. erecta; foliis integerrimis, inferioribus spathulatis,

superioribus lanceolatis, floribus decandris, pedunculis
calycibusque villosis.— Mich.Jl. amer. l.p. 267*

Icon, Allot, insect. 1. t

In swamps and ponds of Carolina and Georgia, near
Savannah. 1/ . July, v , s. Roots creeping ; flowers
large, yellow.

2. J. erecta, glabra ; foliis lanceolatis, floribus octandris

sessilibus. — PVilid. sp. pl. 2.p. 5/8.

Icon. Sloan, jam. 1. t.ll.f. 1.

In swamps of Virginia and Carolina, about the Dismal-
swamp. I/ . Aug. v. v. Flowers yellow, smaller
than the foregoing one.

3. J. repens, glabra ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis repando-den-

tatis, floribus solitariis octandris pedunculatis, filamen-
tis alternis brevissimis, petalis obovatis.

On the banks of the Missouri. M. Lewis . June.
v. s. Flowers small, yellow.

372. GYMNOCLADUS. Gen.pl. 1537.

1. G. foliis bipinnatis, foliolis ovalibus acuminatis pubes-
centibus.-— Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 810.

Guilandina dioica. Sp. pl. 546.

Icon. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 51. Midi. ari. 23. Lam .

illustr. 823. Duham.arb. 1. t. 103.

In the forests of Canada, western parts of New York,
Tennassee, Ohio, and Kentucky. T? . May, June.
v. v. A large tree, known by the name of Kentucky
Coffee Tree , and among the Canadians Chicot. Flow-
ers white. Seed pods large, dark brown.

DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

305

373. ACACIA. Willd. sp. pi. 4. p. 104 Q.

1. A. inermis ; foliis bipinnatis, partialibus 8-jugis, pro-

priis multijugis, glandula inter par infimum partialium,
spicis globosis solitariis pedunculatis axillaribus, legu-
minibus lanceolatis rectis. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1071.
Mimosa illinoensis. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 254.

In extensive natural meadows of Illinois and Kentucky.
7f . June, July. v. v. Flowers white, with only
five stamina..

2. A. inermis ; foliis bipinnatis, partialibus 12-jugis, pro-

priis multijugis, glandula inter omnia paria partialium,
spicis globosis pedunculatis solitariis axillaribus, le-
guminibus falcatis. Willd. sp. pl. 4 . p. 1 071.
Mimosa glandulosa. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 254.

Icon. Vent choix 27.

On the banks of the rivers Tennassee and Mississippi.
71. July. v.v. Flowers white, pentandrous,

374. SCHRANKIA. Willd. sp. pl. 4. p. 1041.

1. S. aculeata ; foliis bipinnatis, partialibus 6-jugis, propriis
multijugis, leguminibus acuminatis, caule pentagono.
Willd . sp. pl. 4. p. 1043.

Mimosa horridula. Mich.Jl. amer. 2. p. 254.

Mimosa Intsia. Walt.Jl. car. 252.

In old fields and meadows : Virginia to Florida. 71 .
June, July. v.v. Flowers in globular spikes, red.
It is known by the name of Sensitive Briar .

375. CASSIA. Gen. ply 00.

1, C. glabra ; foliis 3-jugis obovatis subretusis, exterioribus

majoribus, glandula subulata inter inferiora, peduncu-
lis paucifloris axillaribus, leguminibus subtetragonis
rectis.— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 515.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 63. f. 73. Mill. diet. t. 82.

In sandy fields of Georgia, near Savannah. 0. July.
v. v. The flowers of all the species mentioned here
are yellow.

2. C. glabra ; foliis sub-5-jugis ovato-lanceolatis margine

scabris, exterioribus majoribus, glandula basilari, pe-
dunculis multifloris axillaribus et subpaniculato-termi-

VQL. I. X

lr achy hia»

glandulosa ,

uncinata.

Tora o

occidentalis .

206

DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Cassia.

ligus trina.

linearis.

marilandica .

Chamber is-
ta.

fasciculata.

nalibus, leguminibus linearibus falcatis. Willd.sp.pl. 2 .
p.518.

Icon. Comm. hort. 1. t. 26. Sloan, jam. 2. t. 1/5. /i 3
£5* 4.

In old fields: Virginia to Carolina. “2/. Tj • June —
Aug. v. v.

3. C. tenuissime pubescens; foliis 7 -jugis lanceolatis, ex-

timis minoribus, glandula basilari, pedunculis termi-
nalibus subpaniculatis, leguminibus oblongis subfalca-
tis ,—Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 523-
Jeon. DHL elih. t. 25g.f. 338. Mart. cent. 21.

In cultivated grounds: Virginia to Georgia. Ij . 11 .
July, Aug. v. v.

4. C. glabra ; foliis 6-jugis ovali-lanceolatis angustatis acu-

tissimis, glandula basilari, pedunculis subbifloris ax-
illaribus et terminalibus, legumine lineari. Mich.Jl.
amer. 1. p. 201.

In Cardina. Michaux. %. May, June. + .

5. C. glabriuscula ; foliis 8-jugis lanceolato-oblongis mu-

cronatis subaequalibus, glandula petiolari obovata, ra-
cemis axillaribus et paniculato-terminalibus, legumi-
nibus linearibus arcuatis glabris. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 524.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 260. f. 33Q. Mart. cent. 23.

In low gravelly soil, on the banks of rivers : New. York
to Carolina. 1/ . June — Aug. v. v.

6. C. glabriuscula ; foliis multijugis linearibus, glandula

petiolari subpedicellata, floribus subgeminis, pedicellis
longis, petalis duobus maculatis, leguminibus pubes-
centibus.— ■ Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 528.

Icon. Bot . mag. 10/. Comm. hort. 1. t. 37.

In cultivated grounds of Virginia and Carolina. O*
July, Aug. v. v. The flowers large and handsome,
with two purple spots at the bottom. There is a va-
riety, the stem of which is covered with long brown
hair.

7. C. glabriuscula; foliis ad summum 9-jugis, glandula

petiolari sessili submedia, fasciculis multifloris latera-
libus, petalis staminibusque concoloribus, leguminibus
glabris arcuatim adseendentibus. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1.
p. 202.

In dry fields : New York to Carolina. Q. June — Aug.
v.v. The flowers are smaller than the foregoing species.

BECANDKIA MQNOGYNIA. Cassia.

8. C. patula, pubescens ; foliis multijugis linearibus, glan-

dula petiolari pedicellata, pedunculis brevibus supra
axillaribus 2-3-floris, floribus pentandris,— - -Willd. sp.
pl. 2 p. 52g.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 314./. 5.

In sand)' fields : New England (o Carolina. Q , June—
Aug. v. v. The leaves are in a slight degree sen-
sitive.

9. C. foliis multijugis eglandulosis, caule procmbbente.

IVilld sp.pl. 2, p. 530.

In dry fields of Virginia. ©. +• Flowers small.

376. PODALYRIA. Lam. illustr. t. 32/,

\

1. P. glaberrima ; foliis simplicibus perfoliatis suborbiculatis

integerrimis, floribus axillaribus solitariis unifloris,
leguminibus subglobosis. — Mich. Jl. amer. i. p. 203.
Crotalaria per foliata. Sp. pl. 1003.

Sophora perfoliata. Walt. Jl. car . 135.

Raima perfoliata. Willd. sp. pl. 3. p. 949.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 102./. 122.

In dry barren fields : Carolina and Georgia. 1 / . July.

v. v. Flowers small, yellow.

2. P. caule foliis calycibusque pubescentibus, foliis ternatis

sessilibus, foliolis lanceolatis obtusis, stipulis setaceis
minutis, floribus axillaribus solitariis pediceliatis,—
Mich.fi amer. 1. p. 203.

Sophora lanceolata. Wdlt.fi. car. 135.

In Carolina and Georgia. Michaux. 1/. + . Flowers'
yellow.

3. P. caule foliis subtus et margine calycibusque pubescen-

tibus, foliis ternatis subsessilibus, foliolis ovali-oblongis
obtusis, stipulis linearibus, racemo terminali sub spi-
ca to, calycibus subsemi-4-fidis.— Mich. fi. amer. 1.
p. 204.

Sophora villosa. Walt.fi. car. 134.

In low sandy grounds : Virginia and North Carolina.
1/ June, July. v. v. Flowers yellow j resembles a
lupine very much.

4. P. glabra $ foliis ternatis brevissime petiolalis, foliolis

obiongo-cu neatis obtusis, stipulis lanceolatis acutis
petiolo duplo longioribus, racemis spicatis elongatis,
leguminibus acuminatis. — Mich.fi. amer . 1. p. 204.

P. australis. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p . 503.

307
nictitans .

v

procumbens .

perfoliata.

unifiora .

villosa ,

coerulea ,

308

fv'd

9.11a.

mollis.

tinctoria.

canadensis .

pubescens.

DECANDRI A MONOGYNIA. Podalyria.

Sophora australis. Syst. veg. 32 5.

Icon. Bot.mag.50g. Vent. hort. cels AO. Trew pl.rar .

t. 14.

On the banks of rivers : Virginia and Carolina, particu-
larly in the western districts. 1/. June, July. v. v.
Flowers blue.

5. P. ramis divaricatis flexuosis glabris, foliis ternatis petio-

latis, foliolis oblongis obtusis glabriuculis, stipulis su-
bulatis petiolo brevioribus, racemo spicato elongato,
leguminibus obovatis. — Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 503.
Sophora alba. Syst. veg. 325.

Crotalaria alba. Sp. pl. 2. p. 1006.

Icon. Bot. mag. 11 77- Mart. cent. 44.

In the western parts of Virginia and Carolina, on river
banks. I/. June, July. v. v. Flowers white.

6. P. caule foliis calycibusque minutim pubescentibus, foliis

ternatis, foliolis subrhomboideo-lanceolatis, stipulis
foliaceis lanceolatis, racemo spicato terminali, calycis
dentibus acutis. — Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 264.

In the county of Mecklenburg in Upper Carolina. Mi -
chaux. If., -f.

7. P. glaberrima, ramosissima, microphylla ; foliis ternatis

subsessilibus, foliolis cuneato-obovatis rotundato-ob-
tusis, stipulis obsoletis oblongis acutis petiolo multo-
ties brevioribus, racemis spicatis terminalibus, legu-
minibus ovatis longe-stipitatis. — Willd. sp. ,pl. 2.
p. 503.

Sophora Unctoria. Sp. pl. 534.

Icon. Bot. mag. 10 gg. Lam. illustr. t. 327. f. 1.

In woods, on dry hills : Canada to Carolina. I/ . July,
Aug. v.v. Flowers yellow j called Wild Indigo.

377. CERCIS. Gen. pl. 6g6.

1. C. foliis subrotundo-cordatis acuminatis, ad axillas ner-
vorum villosis, stipulis minutis, leguminibus brevi-sti*
pitatis .-—Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 508.

Icon. Schmidt ari. 21 . Mill. ic. 2.

/3.C. foliis subrotundis acutis subtus pubescentibus.

On the banks of rivers : Canada to Virginia. (3. In
Georgia. ^ . May. v. v. A handsome tree, generally
called Judas-tree. Flowers crimson.

DECANDRIA M0N0GYNIA.

3 78. VIRGILIA. Lam. illustr. i. 32 6.

1. V. foliis pinnatis, foliolis alternis ovatis brevi-acuminatis
glabris, racemis elongatis pendulis, leguminibus pe-

tiolatis planis. — Mich. arb. t

On th$ mountains between Georgia and Tennassee. T? .
June. v. v. s. ft.; v. s. c. fi. et fir. in Herb. Lyon .
A handsome tree, resembling Cytisus Laburnum ver/
much. Its bark gives a beautiful yellow dye.

II. DIG YN I A.

379. HYDRANGEA. Gen. pi. 7 60.

1. H. foliis oblongo-ovatis basi obtusis acuminatis dentatis

subtus glabris, cymis nudis.

H. arborescens. IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 633.

Icon. Bot. mag. 437. Lain, illustr. t. 37 0. fi. 1. Mill,
ic. 25 1 .

On the banks of rivulets, in shady situations : Pensylva-
nia to Virginia. Tj . July, Aug. v . v. A shrub about
five feet high ; flowers white.

2. H. foliis lato-ovatis basi subcordatis acuminatis grosse den-

tatis subtus glabris, cymis subradiatis.

H. vulgaris. Mich.Jl . amer. 1 . p. 268.

On the mountains of Carolina, . June, July. v. v.
This, though nearly allied to the preceding, is a very
distinct species, and easily known from that by its more
robust appearance and larger leaves.

3. H. foliis ovatis acuminatis dentatis subtus niveo-tomen-

tosis : serraturis mucronatis, cymis radiatis. — Mich.
fi. amer. 1. p. 268.

H. radiata. Walt.fi. car. 251.

Icon. Lam. illustr. t. 30J.fi. 2.

On the head- waters of the Savannah river j in Tennas-
see, &c. 1 2 . July, Aug. v . v. A very ornamental

shrub.

4 H. foliis oblongis sinuato-lobatis dentatis subtus tomen-
tosis, cymis radiatis thyrsoideo-paniculatis.- — Willd.
sp. pl. 2. p. 634.

H. radiata. Smith ic.pict. 12.

8O9

vulgaris .

cordata.

nivea.

(jnerci folia*

310

becandria digynia. Hydrangea.

Icon. Bartr. it. ed. germ . t. J.

On banks of rivers : Georgia and Florida. T? • July,
Aug. v. v. A handsome shrub ; flowers in large
clusters, white, changing to red.

Aizoon .

380. SAXIFRAGA. Gen. pi. J64.

* Foliis indivisis radicalihus ; caule subnudo.

1. S. foliis radicalihus aggregatis spathulatis acutiusculis gla-
bris cartilagineo-dentatis, caule simplici folioso piloso,
calycibus glabris. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 639.

Icon. Jacq. austr. 5. t. 438. FI. lap. t . 2.f. 2.

In Labrador and probably in Canada. Co Imas ter. 7/ .
June, July, v, s. in Herb. Dickson. Not above three
inches high.

stellaris .

2. S. foliis cuneatis serratis margine pilosis, caule nudo
simplici, petalis acutis, capsula supera. — Willd . sp.
pl. 2. p. 044.

Icon. Engl. bot. l6y. FI dan. 23. Jacq. coll. 1. t. 13.
In Labrador and Canada. Colrnaster. 7/ . June, July.
v. s. in Herb. Dickson. Flowers white.

serpyllifolia.

3. S. microphylla, erecta; foliis ovalibus glabris, caule
unifloro oligophyllo, petalis obovatis.

On the north-west coast. Nelson. 7/ . v. s. in Herb .
Banks. Flowers large.

androsacea.

4. S. pubescens ; foliis spathulato-linearibus petiolatis, caule
folioso 1-2-floro.

S. androsacea. Jacq. austr. 389 ?

On the north-west coast. Nelson. 1J. v.s, in Herb .
Banks. Flowers white, small. ^

bronchialis.

5. S. stolonifera ; foliis imbricatis subulatis planis mucro-
natis spinoso-ciliatis, caule subnudo paniculato.—
Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. (344.

On the north-west coast. Ndson. 7/ . v. s. in Herb .
Banks.

nivalis.

6. S. foliis subrotundo-cuneatis antice crenatis in petiolum
decurrentibus, caule nudo simplici, floribus congestis
racemosis. — Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 645.

Icon. FI. lapp. t. 2 ,f 5. FI. dan. t. 12.

In Labrador and Canada. 7/. May, June. v. s. in
Herb. Dickson. Not above two inches high ; flowers
white.

mrginiensis.

7. S. tota minutim pubescens ; foliis ovalibus obtusis cre-
natis in petiolum decurrentibus, caule subaphyilo pa*

DECANDRiA DiGYNiA. Saxifraga.

niculato, ramulis dichotomis, floribus subsessilibus.-—

Mich.Ji. amer. 1 . p. 2 69.

S. pilosa. Herb. Banks.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 222. f 5.

On rocks and dry hills : New England to Virginia, and
on the Carolina mountains. 2J. . May, June. v.v.

Variable in size 3 flowers white.

8. S. foliis reniformibus dentatis utrinque pilosis aveniis,

caule nudo paniculato. — Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 648.

Icon. Lapeyr. t. 14. Magn. hart. 88. Moris. Hist. 3.
p.\2.t.Q.f. 12.

On the north-west coast. Nelson. 1/ . v. s. in Herb.

Banks. Flowers small.

9. S. hirsutissima 3 foliis elongato-spathulatis acute dentatis, leucanthemi~

caulibus divaricato-dichotomis, paniculis capillaribus folia.
laxis, calyce reflexo, petalis inaequalibus. Mich.fi.
amer. 1 . p. 2 68.

On high mountains of Carolina. Michaux. On the
Peaks of Otter, Virginia. P. 21 . June. v. v. About
eight inches high 3 flowers white, elegantly red and
yellow punctated. This and the S. sarmentosa ought
to form a separate genus.

10. S. pubescens j foliis oblongo-lanceolatis utrinque acutis ob- pensylvanicn .

solete denticulatis, caule nudo, panicula oblonga, ramis
summitate fascicuMoris. — JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 640.

Icon. Dill. elth. t.253.f 328.

In wet meadows : New York to Virginia. 1/. June.
v. v. Above a foot high 3 flowers small, yellowish-
green.

11. S. glabriuscula 3 foliis oblongo-lanceolatis aculis eroso- erosa.

dentatis, caule nudo, panicula oblonga, ramis divari-
cato-ramosissimis laxifloris, pedicellis filiformibus.

In stony rivulets on the high mountains of Virginia and
Carolina. %. June, July. v. v. Resembles the
foregoing one in some respects very much.

** Foliis indivisis ; caule folioso.

12. S. caespitosa 3 foliis caulinis oppositis imbricatis ovatis oppositifolia .

obtusis, summis ciliatis, floribus terminalibus solitariis
sessilibus. — Willd. sp. pl. 2 p. 648.

Icon. Engl. bot. 9. FI. dan. 34. FI lapp. t. 2.f 1 .

In Newfoundland and Labrador. 1/ . May. v. v. 3 v. s .
in Herb. Banks. Flowers purple, large.

311

Geum .

312

aizoides.

se tiger a.

rivularis.

sibirica.

pectinata .

caespitosa.

grcenlandica.

tricuspidata.

decandrxa DiGYNiA, Saxifraga.

13. S. decumbens, caespitosaj foliis caulinis linearibus al-

ternis dental o-ciliatis, panicula pauciflora, petalis lon-
gitudine calycis. — Willd. sp pi. 2. p. 650.

Icon. Engl. Lot. 3 Q. FI. dan. 72.

In Newfoundland and Labrador. 1/ . v. s. in Herb,
Banks. Flowers yellow.

14. S. pubescens ; foliis radicalibus aggregatis spathulatis

acutis spinoso-ciliatis, caule folioso subbifloro, calyci-
bus hispidis, flagellis setaceis longissimis in axillis fo-
liorum.

On the north-west coast. Nelson. 11 . v. s. in Herb ,
Banks. Flowers small, white. A very singular species.

Foliis lobatis.

15. S. erecta ; foliis palmatis petiolatis : summo spathulato,

caule paucifloro, radice fibrosa, germine semi-infero.
Smith fi. brit. 2 p. 454.

Icon. FI. dan. 118. FI. lapp.'l.f. 7-
In Labrador. Chateaux. 2 1. June. v. s. in Herb,

Banks. Flowers white, small.

16. S. adscendens $ foliis reniformibus palmatis pilosis, pe-

tiolis hirsutis, caulinis sessilibus, pedunculis longissi-
mis filiformibus bifidis nudis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 653.

Labrador and Newfoundland. 1/ . v. s. in Herb. Banks.
Flowers white, large.

17. S. caespitosa, multicaulis 5 foliis 3-lobatis, laciniis 3-fidis

linearibus acutis glabris, nervo medio exarato, caule
folioso racemi floro.

On the north-west coast. Menzies. 2/. v.s.inHerb .
Banks. Resembles S. petrcea; but the leaves are nar-
row, and the divisions divaricated.

18. S. foliis radicalibus aggregatis carnosis linearibus obtusis

integris trifidisve subtus nervosis, caule erecto nudius-
culo paucifloro, petalis calyce duplo longioribus.—
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 456.

Icon. Waldst. hung. 88. Engl. bot. 794.

/3. S. foliis caulinis palmato-multifidis, laciniis acutis.—
Willd. I. c.

Icon. Dill. ellh. 353 . f. 3 & 9.

On the north-west coast. If. . June. v. s. in Herb.
Ba?iks. Flowers pale yellow.

19. S. foliis radicalibus aggregatis cuneiformibus ciliatis

BECANDRiA DiGYNiA. Saxifraga.

acute tridentatis, caule adscendente racemoso, petalis
lanceolatis calyce triplo longioribus. IVilld. sp. pl. 2.
p. 657.

Icon. FI. dan. gy6.

On Hudson's Bay. 1/ . June. v. s. in Fieri. Banks.
Flowers large, white, handsomely punctated.

381. TIARELLA. Gen.pl. 765.

1. T. foliis cordatis acute-lobatis dentatis, dentibus mucro-

natis, scapo racemoso. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 05 9.

Icon. Her rn. par ad. \2g. Lam. illustr. 373.

In shady woods of Canada, and on the high mountains of
New York and Pensyl vania. 1/ . April, May. v.v.
Flowers white.

2. T. foliis ovatis cordatis acutis brevi-lobatis dentatis, cau-

linis alternis distantibus, racemo filiformi subspicato,
calycibus tubulosis.

On the north-west coast. Menzies. Ur. v. s. in Herb.
Banks. More than a foot high, with five or six alter-
nate leaves on the stem.

3. T, foliis ternatis, foliolis subrhomboideis serratis pilosis»

racemis terminalibus, corymbuiis florum alternis, caly-
cibus campanulatis. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 65g.

On the north-west coast. Menzies. I/ . v. s. in Herb.
Banks.

4. T. foliis biternatis, foliolis ovato-cordatis obliquis inciso-

lobatis dentatis, caule folioso, panicula terminali di-
varicato-spiciflora. Vent. malm. 54.

On the mountains of South Carolina. 1/ . May. v. v.
This plant resembles Spircea Aruncus in habit ; flow-
ers yellowish-white. The specimens I had an oppor-
tunity to examine were destitute of petals, though they
are so distinctly described by Ventenat. It is how-
ever probable that some individuals may be petali-
ferous, while others are apetalous.

382. MITELLA. Gen. pl. 766.

1. M. foliis sublobato-acutangulis dentatis, caule erecto su-
perne opposite diphyllo. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 65g.
Icon. Bob. ic. 80. Schkuhr handb. 1. t. 120. Lam. il-
lustr. t. 373. f. 1.

In shady places, among rocks, near springs. 1/ . May.

SIS

cordifolia.

Menziesii.

trifoliata .

biternata.

diphylla .

314

cordifolia ,

reniformis.

prostrata.

grandiflora.

officinalis.

Arm er ia.

DECANDRIA DIGYNIA. Mitella.

v. v. Flowers white, which is the colour of all the

following species.

2. M. foliis orbiculato-reniformibus subduplicato-crenatis

lucidis, scapo setaceo aphyllo. Mich, jl . amer. 1.
p > 2?Q. Lam. encycl.4. p. 185.

Icon. Lam. illustr. t. 373. f 3.

In Canada. Michaux. On high mountains of New
York and Pensylvania. 7/. May, June. v.v.

3. M. foliis reniformibus repandis ciliatis, scapo nudo. —

Lam. encycL 4. p. 185.

M. nuda. Willd. sp . pl. 2. p. 6*50.

Icon. Lam. illustr. t. 373. f 2. Gmel. sib. 4. t. 68. f 2.
On the mountains of New Hampshire and Vermont,
and probably in Canada. 7/ . June. v. v.

4. M. radice repente, caulibus prostratis, foliis alternis ro-

tundato-cordatis subacutis obtuse sublobatis. „ Mich.fi,
amer, 1. p. 2JO.

In the most southern parts of Canada. Michaux. On
the mountains of Virginia, near the Sweet-springs.
7/ . May, June. v. v.

5. M. hirsutissima ; foliis rotundato-cordatis obtuse-lobatis

dentatis, scapo folio uno alterove instructo, floribus pe»
dicellatis, calycibus campanulatis.

On the north-west coast. Menzies. 7/ . v. s. in Herb.
Banks. The flowers are more than four times th©
size of the other species.

383. SAPONARIA. Gen. pl. 769.

1. S. calycibus cylindricis, foliis ovato-lanceoiatis. Willd.
sp. pl. 2. p.6'67.

Icon. FI. dan. 543. Engl. lot. 1060.

Among rubbish, near buildings and cultivated grounds ;
sometimes in gravel-pits and on dry hills 5 probably
introduced from Europe. 7/ . July, Aug. v. v.
Flowers white, frequently semi-double.

384. DIANTHUS. Gen. pl 770.

1 . D. floribus aggregatis fasciculatis, squamis calycinis lan-
ceolatis villosis tubum aequantibus. Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 673.

Icon. FI dan. 230. Engl. bot. 31 7.

becandrxa BiGYNiA. Dianthus. 315

In sandy fields and pine-woods : New Jersey, near
Cooper’s Ferry. ©. July. v. v. Flowers small,,
rose-coloured.

2. D. floribus aggregatis, pedunculis longis, squamis tubo carolinianus.
dimidio minoribus. Walt.fi. car . 140.

In Carolina. Walter. +•

385. SCLERANTHUS. Gen.pl. 767.

1. S. calycibus fructus patulis acutis, caulibus patentibus. annuus .
Smith Jl. Irit. 2. p. 458. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p . 66 0.

Icon. FI. dan. 504. Engl. hot.351.

In dry sandy fields, on the shores of the Delaware, New
Jersey opposite Philadelphia. ©■ June, July. v. v .

III. TRIG YN1A.

386. CUCUBALUS. Gen. pl. 77 1.

1. C. glaber, glaucus, decumbens j foliis oblongo-ovalibus Behen *

acutis enerviis, calycibus infiato-membranaceis venosis.

Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 27 1. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 684.

Silene inflata. Smith fi. hrit. 467.

Icon. Fl.dan.Ql4. Engl. lot. 1 64.

In cultivated grounds, near Quebec, Canada. Michaux.

11 . July. v. v. Flowers white.

2. C. pubescens, erectus ; foliis quaterno-verticillatis ovali- stellatus.

lanceolatis longissime acuminatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 686.

Icon. Bot. mag. 1 107 .

In hilly and shady woods : New England to Virginia.

'll . July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white ; the petals
are without a corona.

387. SILENE. Gen . pl. 77 2.

1, S. hirsuta $ foliis cuneato- oblongis, summis linearibus, quinquevul -
petalis subrotundis integerrimis, calycibus fructiferis nera.
erectis subspicatim alternis. — Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 691.

Icon. Rob.ic. 183. Engl. hot. 86.

On the sea-coast of Carolina j near Charlestown. 0.

June, July. v. v. Flowers small, crimson.

31 6

pensylvanica.

virginica.

evata .

Untirrhina.

nocturna .

acaulis.

DECANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Silene.

2. S. viscido-pubescens ; foliis cuneatis, caulinis lanceolatis,

cauliculis in summitate paucifforis, petalis obtusissi-
mis leviter emarginatis subcrenatis. Mich. fi. amer. 1.
p. 2p .

S. virginica. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 7 02.

S. caroiiniana. Walt.jl. car. 142.

In dry sandy woods, and on rocks : New York to Vir-
ginia. 7/. May, June. v.v. Flowers purple, very
handsome.

3. S. decumbens, tota viscoso-pubescens ; foliis oblongis

margine asperiusculis, panicula dichotoraa, petalis
bifidis, genitalibus exertis. Mich.jl. amer. 1 . p. 272 .
S. Catesbsei. Walt. fi. car. 141. Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p . 706.

Icon. Catesb. car. 2. t. 4. Plak. aim. t. 203. f. 1.

In the western parts of Virginia and Carolina, and in
the Illinois country. 7/. June, July. v.v. A beau-
tiful species 5 flowers dark crimson.

4. S. foliis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis glabriusculis, race-

mo terminali composito, calycibus ovatis, genitalibus
exertis, caule simplici.

Cucubalus polypetalus. Walt.jl. car. 141 ?

In the western part of Georgia and Carolina. 7/ . July.
v. s. in Herb. Banks. Flowers white or pale red.

5. S. foliis lanceolatis subciliatis, pedunculis trifidis, petalis

emarginatis, calycibus ovatis. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 702.
Icon. Dill. elth. t. 313 f. 403.

In old fields and on the banks of rivers : Pensylvania to
Carolina. 0. June, July. v. v. Flowers small,
white or greenish.

6. S. floribus spicatis alternis sessilibus secundis, petalis bi-

fidis. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 692.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 310 .f. 400.

On the banks of the Potowmac, near Harper’s Ferry,
Virginia. ©. June, v.v. Flowers white.

7. S. acaulis depressa ; foliis linearibus carinatis, peduncu-

lis terminalibus solitariis erectis unifloris, petalis emar-
ginatis.— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 709.

Icon. FI. dan. t. 21. Dill. elth. t. 'l67*f 20(5.

In Labrador. 7/. June, July. v. s.in Herb. Lambert .
Flowers rose-coloured.

DEC ANDRIA TRIG YNIA.

388. STELLARIA. Gen . pl. 773 .

1. S. pubescens ; foliis sessilibus ovatis ciliatis, pedicellis

erectis, petalis calyce longioribus. — Midi. Jl. amer. I.
P- 273.

In shady woods, on rich soil ; Pensyl vania to Carolina.
2/ . May. v. v. Flowers large, white, which is the
colour of the whole genus.

2. S. foliis ovatis glabris, caulibus procumbentibus linea

laterali pilosa alterna. Smith Jl. Irit. 2. p. 473.

Alsine media. Sp. pl. 389.

Icon. Engl. lot. 57 3. FI. dan. 438 Ssf 525.

In cultivated grounds : common. 0 . April — Sept. v. v.
A common weed, known by the name of Chickweed.
The number of stamina is variable, three, five, or ten.

3. S. caespitosa ; foliis subulatis congestis, ramis bipartitis,

petalis emarginatis, calycibus striatis. — Willd. sD. pl . 2.
p.715.

Icon. FI. dan. 12. Swartz, nov. act. holm. 1788. t. 1.
/•!•

In Labrador and Canada. 2/ . May, June. v. s. in
Herb. Dickson. This is rather an Arenaria than a Stel-
laria*

389. ARENARIA. Gen.pl. 774.

* Foliis ollongis.

1. A. caule dichotomo, foliis ovalis acutis carnosis, calyci-

bus acuminatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2 p. 71O.

Icon. Gmel. sil. 4. t. 64. Loes. pruss. t. 2.

In Labrador. 2/. June, July. v. s. in Fleri. Banks.

2. A. caule filiformi simplici, foliis ovatis obtusis subtripli-

nervibus, pedunculis lateralibus solitariis elongatis bi-
fidis, pedicello altero medio bibracteato, corollis calyce
longioribus. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 7 18.

About Hudson’s Bay. In the state of New York. Dr.
Martin. 2/ . July. v. s. in Herl. Banks.

3. A. caule dichotomo diffuso, foliis ovatis acutis subciliatis,

calycibus acutis substriatis, petalis calyce brevioribus.
— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 720.

Icon. FI. dan. 977 •

In cultivated grounds and on road-sides : New York to
Carolina. Q. May — Aug. v. v.

4. A. caule dichotomo diffuso, foliis ovalibus subacutis, pe-

31 7

pulera ,

mediat
liflora ,

peploides.
lateriflora ,

serpyllifolia.

thymifolia.

318

dec ANDSi a trig YNiA. Arenaria.

macro carpa .

patula.

squarrosa.

stricta.

glair a.

juniperina .

dunculis alternis axillaribus solitariis elongatis, calyci-
x bus acutis, petalis longitudine calycis.

On the sea-shore of Labrador. Q . v. s. in Herl. Banks.

** Foliis subulato-linearibus .

5. A. caespitosa ; foliis congestis subiflato-lipearibus planis

margine ciliatis, pedunculis terminalibus unifloris fo-
liosis, calycis foliolis linearibus, petalis ovatis calyce
duplo longioribus, capsulis elongato- oblongis calyce
triplo longioribus.

On the north-west coast of America. Nelson. If . v. s.
in Herb. Banks. This approaches near to A. grandi -
flora, but differs in the long capsule and the linear
leaves of the calyx materially.

6. A. pubescensy caulibus filiformibus paniculatis multi-

floris, foliis setaceo-subulatis patentibus, petalis sub-
emarginatis calyce acutissimo et striato paulo longiori-
bus.— Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 2 73.

On rocks, near Knoxville, Kentucky. Michaux. If.
+ . Resembles^ tenuifolia.

7* A. caespitosa $ foliis imis squarroso-imbricatis canalicula-
tis glabris, cauliculis simplicissimis oligophyllis, flori-
bus terminalibus paucis erectis, petalis calyce subro-
tundo multo majoribus. Mich.fi. amer. 1 . p. 273.

A. imbricata. Heri. Banks.

A. caroliniana. Wult.fi. car. 141.

In sandy pine-barrens : New Jersey and Carolina. If..
July, Aug. v. v. Resembles A. saxatilis .

8. A. glabra, erecta, multicaulis ; foliis subulato-linearibus

erectis, panicula rariflora, petalis calyce ovali- lanceo-
lato conspicue striato multo longioribus. Midi. fi.
amer. 1 . p 274.

On rocks of Canada, New England, and on the high
mountains of Carolina. If. May, June. v. v. ; v.s.
in Herb. Lyon, specimen carolinianum . Resembles
A, striata, but is a larger and more upright plant.

9. A. glaberrima, erectiuscula, flliformi-multicaulis 5 foliis

subulato-linearibus planis patulis, pedicellis unifloris
elongatis divaricatis, calycis foliolis ovalibus obtusius-
culis laevibus petalis brevioribus. Mich.fi. amer. 1.
p.274.

Stellaria uniflora. Walt . fl . car . 141.

On rocks in North Carolina. Michaux. If. -f.

10. A subpubescens, erecta, multicaulis, foliis subulatis

DECANDRiA TRiGYNiA. Arenaria.

subtriquetris pungentibus, panicula terminali dicho-
tome-multiflora, calycis foliolis ovato-lanceolatis striatis
mucronatis petalis vix duplo brevioribus. — Willd. sp.
pl. 2. p. 72 5.

Icon. Smith ic. ined. 1. t. 35.

In Labrador and Newfoundland. 7/ . v. s. in Herb.

Banks.

.11. A. pubescens, caespitoso- multicaulis; foliis setaceis, cau-
liculis i — 3-floris erectis, calycis foliolis linearibus sub-
hirsutis petalis duplo brevioribus .—Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 72 6.

Icon. Jacq. austr. 3. t. 272.

On the north-west coast of America. Menzies . If.,
v. s. in Herb. Banks.

12. A. glabriuscula, caespitosa ; cauliculis stricto-erectis, fasciculata.

foliis subulatis pungentibus striatis, floribus dense-
fasciculatis, calycibus subulatis striatis, petalis brevis-
simis.—-JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 727.

Icon. Jacq. austr. 2. t. 182.

In Canada. ©. v. s. in Herb. Lambert, specimen Hort.

Kew.

13. A. glabra, humifusa; foliis linearibus carnosis interno- catiadensis .

diis multo longioribus, stipulis membranaceo-connatis
vaginantibus, staminibus quinque, capsulis globosis.

— Pers. syn. 1. p. 504.

A. rubra (2. Micli.jl. amer. 1. p. 274.

A. marina. Smith jl. brit. 2 . p. 480 ?

On the sea-coast, in salt-marshes : Canada to Carolina.

©• June, July. v. v. Flowers pale-red.

3 19

laricifolia.

IV. TETRAG YNIA.

SgQ. MICROPETALUM. Pers. syn. 1. p. 50Q.

Spergulastrum. Mich. fl. amer. 1. p . 2/5.

1 . M. dense pubescens ; foliis lanceolatis in petiolum an- lanuginosum.
gustatis, pedunculis subsolitariis elongatis demum re-
flexis, floribus apetalis. — Pers. I. c. Mich. I. c.

In the mountains of Virginia and Cardina. If. June,

July. v. v.

320

lanceola tum.
gramineum.

arvensis.

saginoides.

vulgatum.

viscosum .

DECANDRI A TETRAGYNIA. Micropetalum.

2. M. glabrum ; foliis lanceolatis utrinque angustatis, flo-

ribus particulars, petalis ovatis brevissimis. — Pers. I. c,
Mich. I. c.

On moist rocks : Canada to Pensyl vania. 7/ . July. v. v.

3. M. glaberrimum 5 foliis linearibus erectis, panicula ter-

minali laxa, pedicellis filiformibus, petalis lanceolatis
longitudine calycis. — Pers. I. c. Mich. I. c.

Near springs and shady rocks : New York to Virginia»
1/. June, July. v. v.

A. fasciculata probably belongs to this genus.

V. P ENT AG YNIA.

391. S PERGULA. Gen. pi. 798.

1. S. foliis filiformibus verticillatis, panicula dichotoma,

pedunculis fructiferis reflexis, seminibus reniformibus.
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 818.

Icon. FI. dan. 1033. Engl. lot. 1535.

In sandy fields : Pensylvania, New Jersey, &c. © .

June, July. v. v .

2. S. foliis oppositis subulatis nudis, pedunculis solitariis

longissimis glabris. Smith Jl. hrit. 2. p. 504.

Icon. Engl. hot. 2105.

In sandy fields: Carolina. ©• June, July, v . s. m
Heri. Enslen.

392. CERASTIUM. Gen. pl. 797.

1. C. hirsutum, viscidum, csespitosum 5 foliis ovatis, pe-

talis oblongis calyce subaequalibus, floribus pedunculo
longioribus. Smith Jl. hrit. 2. p. 4q6, Willd. sp .
pl.Z.p.Bll.

Icon. Engl. hot. 789. Vaill. par. t. 30 .f 3.

In dry fields and among rocks 5 frequent : New England
to Pensylvania. 0. April — June. v.v. The flowers
of the whole genus are white.

2. C. hirsutum, viscosum, diffusum ; foliis lanceoiato-ob-

longis obtusiusculis, petalis obovatis calyce vix longio-
ribus, floribus pedunculo brevioribus. — - Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 812.

DfiCANDRIA PENTAGYNI A. Cerastium.

Icon. Engl, lot . 79 0. pai//. par . t. 30 .f 1.

In pastures and on old walls : Canada to Carolina. If .
May — Sept. v. v.

3. C. hirsutum, viscidum ; foliis ovato-oblongis acutis, pe-

talis calyce brevioribus emarginatis, pedunculis calyce
longioribus, floribus pentandris. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 81 a.

Icon. Engl.bot. 1630. Vaill. par. t.30.f.2.

On dry, barren, and sunny hills $ frequent : Pensylvania
and Virginia. O. May, June. v. v.

4. C. pubescens, caespitosum $ foliis lineari-lanceolatis ob-

tusis basi ciliatis internodiis brevioribus, petalis obcor-
datis calyce duplo longioribus, calycis foliolis obtusis.
— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 813.

Icon. FI. dan. 620. Engl. lot. Q3. Vaill. par. t. 30. f. 4.
On dry hills and rocks ; frequent : Pensylvania, &c. If. .
May — Aug. v. v. Flowers large.

5. C. tenuissime pubescens, caespitosum ; foliis angusto-

linearibus internodiis longioribus, petalis obovatis
emarginatis calyce acuto subtriplo longioribus.

On the banks of Schuylkill and Delaware, Pensylvania.
I/. May, June. v. v. Resembles the foregoing one
very much.

6. C. hirsutum $ foliis linearibus internodiis longioribus di-

varicatis, pedunculis terminalibus elongatis bis 3-cho-
tomis, bracteis oppositis ovatis, petalis emarginatis
calyce acuto duplo longioribus, capsulis subglobosis.
On the plains of Columbia river. M. Lewis. If. . April.
v. s. in Herl. Lewis.

393. AGROSTEMMA. Gen.pl. ^5.

1. A. hirsuta 5 calyce corollam superante, petalis integris
nudis. IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 80 5.

Icon. FI. dan. 5JQ. Engl. lot. 7 41.

Common Cockle is frequently found among the grain,
but is not indigenous in America. 0. June, July.
v. v.

394. LYCHNIS. Gen. pl. 796.

1. L. glabra; floribus densis umbellato-eapitatis, petalis
bifidis, floribus tetragynis.— - Willd. sp.pl 2 ,p, 80 9.
Icon. FI. dan. 05, Hali . helv, 1. t. 7«

VOL, I. Y

321

semidecan «
drum .

arvense «

tenuifolium .

elongatum .

Githago.

alpim ,

Acelosella .

violacea.

Lyoni.

twniculata.

j&ECANDKlA PENTAGYNIA. Lychnis,

In Labrador and Hudson’s Bay. 7/ . v. s. in Herb.
Dickson, nec non Banks. About a span high $ Bowers
red, with membranaceous bracteas.

3C)5. OXALIS. Gen. pi 794. Wood-Sorrel.

J. G. acaulis ; scapo unifloro foliis longiore, foliis ternatis
dilatato-cbcordatis, lobis rotundatis, stylis longitudine
staminum interiorum, radice dentata.- Willd. sp.
pl. 2 p. 7 80.

Icon. FI. dan 98O. EngL hot . 762.

In shady woods : Canada. Michaux. On the high
mountains of Pensyivania and New York, round the
roots of old trees. P . 2/. May. v. v . Flowers
large, white, with red veins and yellow at the bottom :
the petals are cuneate, emarginate, and narrower than
the European species.

2. O. acaulis ; scapo umbellifero pedicellis subpubescen-

tibus, floribus nutantibus, foliis ternatis obccrdatis
glabris, calycis laciniis apice callosis, stylis stamirubus
exterioribus brevioribus. — IViUd. sp. pl. 2. p. 786.
Icon. Jacq.oxalt. 80. f. 2. Jacq. hort . 2. t. J8Q.
P/nk. aim. t . 102 / 4.

In shady woods, on the side of hills, in fertile soil :
New England to Carolina. 7/. April, May. v. v.
Flowers pink-coloured.

3. O. tota sericeo-pilosa $ caule ramoso decumbente, pe-

dunculis bifloris petiolis longioribus, foliis ternatis
bilobo-obcordatis, laciniis rotundatis divaricatis, peta-
lis cuneatis, siliquis tomentosis calyce lanceolato duplo
longioribus.

On Cumberland Island, Georgia. Lyon. %. June. v. s.
in Herb. Lyon . Flowers yellow.

4. O. tota pubescens ; caule ramoso diffuso seu procum-

bente, pedunculis umbellatis petiolis brevioribus, foliis
ternatis obcordatis, petalis obcuneatis apice erosis,
stylis longitudine staminum interiorum. — tVilld. sp.
pl. 2. p. 800,

Icon. Jacq. oxal. t. 5. Salish. in act. soc. linn. lond. 2.
t. 23. f. 5. O. pusilla.

In cultivated grounds : Canada to Carolina. 0. 7/ . May
— Oct. v. v. Flowers yellow ; the American plant
has larger flowers than the European ; in every other
respect they are very much alike.

DECANDRIA PENTAGYNIA. Oxalis.

5. O. tota hirsuta; caule erecto ramoso, pedunculis um-

belliferis petiolis brevioribus, foliis ternatis obcordatis,
petalis obovatis, stylis longitudine staminum interio-
rum.— IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 800.

O. ambigua. Salisb. in act.soc. linn. lond. 2. t. 23. f. 4.
O. corniculata. FI. dan. t. 873.

Icon. Jacq. oxal. t. 4. Dill. elth. t. 221. f. 4.

In cultivated grounds : Pensylvania to Virginia. I/ .
June, July. v. v. Flowers yellow.

6. O. hirsuta ; caule folioso erecto hirto, pedunculis um-

belliferis foliis longioribus, foliis ternatis obcordatis,
corollis emarginatis. IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 79 9-
Icon. DHL elth. t. 221.

In Carolina. Dillenius. © . -f . Flowers yellow, larger
than the preceding one, with which it generally is
confounded.

396. PENTHORUM. Gen. pl. 79 0.

1. P. caule ramoso, angulato; foliis lanceolatis subsessilibus
inaequaliter dense-serratis, spicis terminalibus panicula-
tis alternis cymosisque, seminibus scrobi form ibus. — ■
IVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 7/0.

Icon. Act. ups. 1744. t. 2.

In ditches and small ponds : New England to Carolina.
1/. June, July. v. v. Flowers white or pale yellow.
In the Herbarium of A. B. Lambert, Esq, is a se-
cond species, brought by Sir George Staunton from
China, which I distinguish by the following charac-
ters : Pent horum chinense , caule simplici tereti, foliis
elongato-lineari-Janceolatis subpetiolatis inaequaliter
serratis, spicis cymosis terminalibus, seminibus ovatis
corneis.

397. SEDUM. Gen. pl. 789.

1. S. erectum, glabrum, 1-2-unciale ; foliis alternis tere-

tiuscuiis oblongis, floribus ad summitatem pauciori-
bus alternis subpedicellatis. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 276.
In North Caroiina, on flat rocks. Michaux. On the
east banks of the Shanadoah River, Virginia. P.
If.. June, July. v. v. Flowers white, with eight
stamina.

2. S. glabrum ; caulibus assurgentibus, foliis sparsis pla-

niuscule linearibus obtusis, cyma polystachya, floribus
sessilibus octandris.— Mich.Jl, amer . I. p, 277 '•
y 2

323
stricta .

Dillenii .

sedoides.

pusillum.

pulchellum..

324

DECANBKIA PENTAGYNIA. Sedum*

On rocks near Knoxville. Michaux. If. July. -j-.
Flowers purple. Resembles S . reflexum .

sttnopeialum . 3. S. glabrum j caulibus assurgentibus, foliis sparsis con-
gestis adnato-sessilibus compresso-subulatis acutis, cy-
ma terminali trichotoma dichotoma, spicis recurvatis,
floribus sessilibus 10-andris, petalis linearibus calyce
multo longioribus.

On rocks on the banks of Clarck’s river and Kooskoosky.
If. June, July. v. s. in Herb . Lewis. Flowers
golden yellow $ has some affinity with S. reflexum.

tsrnatum 9 4. S. pumilum, repens ; foliis planis rotundato-spathulatis

ternis, cyma subtristachya, floribus sessilibus 8-andris,
centro 10-andro. — Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 277.

S. saxatilis floribus albis &c. Clayt. virg. 89 1.

S. americanum. Herb. Banks.

On rocks in the western parts of Pensylvania, Virginia,
and Carolina. If . May, June. v. v. An elegant
little species 5 flowers white.

tekphioideS' 5. S. foliis planis ovalibus utrinque subacutis dentatis, co-
rymbo multiplici fasciculato. Mich.fl. amer. 1. p. 277«

On rocks on high mountains : Virginia and Carolina»
If . June, July. v. v . Flowers pale purple.

VI. D EC AG YN I A.

398. PHYTOLACCA. Gen.pl. 800.

decandra » 1 . P. foliis ovatis utrinque acutis, floribus decandris deca-

gynis.' — Willd. sp. pi. 1. p. 822.

Icon. Dill. elth. t. 339. /. 399. Pluk. aim. t. 225. f ! 3.

In open woods and old fields : New England to Carolina.
If . June, July. v. v. Flowers white, on red pedun-
cles j berries black, and give an elegant purple colour
to any liquor. The young sprouts in spring give a fine
vegetable for the table, resembling asparagus. The
plant is known by the name of Poke-weed.

XL ICOSANDRIA

I. MONOGYNIA.

399. CACTUS. Cal. superus, monophyllus, imbricatus.

Cor. multiplex. Stigm. multifidum. Bacca l-lo-
cularis, polysperma.

400. BARTONIA. Cal. superus, 5-fidus. Cor. polype»

tala. Caps . cylindrica, 1-locularis, apice operculatim
3 — 5 -valvis. Recept. 3 — 5. parietalia, duplici serie
seminifera.

401. DECUMARIA. Cal. superus, 8 — 12-fidus. Pet. 8

—12. Caps. 7 — 10-locularis, polysperma.

402. PHILADELPHUS. Cat. superus, turbinatus, 4-5-

fidus. Pet. 4-5. Styl. 4-fidus. Caps. 4-5-locu-
laris, polysperma.

403. CHRYSOBALANUS. Cal. inferus, campanulatus,

5-fidus. Pet. 5. Stylus lateralis. Drupce nux ovata,
5-falcata, 5-valvis, 1-sperma.

404. PRUNUS. Cal. inferus, campanulatus, 5-fidus, de-

ciduus. Pet. 5. Stylus terminalis. Drupce nux
suturis prominulis.

405. TIGAREA. Cal. inferus, campanulatus, 5-partitus.

Pet . 5. Caps, foiliculiformis, sutura laterali dehis-
cens. Sem. unicum.

400. LYTHRUM. Cal. inferus, tubulosus, 12-dentatus,
basi aequali. Pet. 6. aequalia. Caps. 2-locularis, po-
lysperma.

407. CUPREA. Cal. inferus, tubulosus, 6 — 12«dentatus,

basi hinc gibbus. Pet. 6. inaequalia. Caps. 1-locu-
laris, hinc cum calyce longitudinaliter dehiscens.

II. DI-PENTAGYNIA.

408. FOTHERGILLA. Cal. inferus, truncatus, obsolete

crenatus. Cor. O. Germen bifidum. Styli 2. Caps,
2-locularis. Sem. solitaria, ossea.

326

ICOSANDRIA.

409. AGRIMONIA. Cal. inferus, 5-dentatu§, alter®

obvallatus. Pet. 5. Styli 2. Sent. 2. in fundo
calycis.

410. CRATAEGUS. Cal. superus, 5-fidus. Pet. 5. Styli

1 — 5. Bacca seu Pomum 2 — 5-spermum. Sem.
ossea.

411. PYRUS. Cal. superus, 5-fidus. Pet. 5. Styli 5.

Pomum 5-loculare, polyspermum. Sem , cartilaginea.

412. SORBUS. Cal. superus, 5 -fidus. Pet. 5. Styli 3.

Bacca 3-sperma. Sem. cartilaginea.

413. SPIRAEA. Cal. inferus, 5-fidus. Pet. 5. Styli 5.

Caps . polyspermae.

III. POLYGYNIA.

414. ROSA. Cal. urceolatus, collo coarctatus, 5-fidus.

Pet. 5. Sem. plurima, hispida, calycis interioris la-
teri affixa.

415. RUBUS. Cal patens, 5-fidus. Pet. 5. Bacca com-

posita, acinis monospermis.

416. DAL1BARDA. Cal. patens, 5-fidus. Pet. 5. Pzs-

tilla 5 — 8. Styli longi, filiformes, decidui. Sem. ex-
succa.

417. DRYAS. Cal. patens, 8-fidus. Pet. 8. Sem. plu-

rima : arista lanata.

418. GEUM. Coi. 10 -fidus. Pet. 5. Sem. aristata :

arista plerumque geniculata.

419. POTENTILLA. Cal. 10-fidus. Pet. 5. Sem. sub-

rotunda, receptaculo parum exsucco affixa.

420. COMARUM. Cal. 10-fidus. Pet. 5. calyce minora!

Recept. seminum ovatum, spongiosum, persistens.

421. FRAGARIA. Cal. 10 fidus. Pet. 5. Recept. se-

minum ovatum, baccatum, deciduum.

422. CALYCANTHUS. Cal. 1-phyllus, urceolatus,

squarrosus, foliolis coloratis. Cor. calycina. Styli
plurimi. Stigm. glandulosa. Sem. plurima^eaudata,
intra calycem succulentum.

ICOSANDRIA MONOSYNIA.

82 T

I. MONOGYNU .

399. CACTUS. Gen. pi 838.

1. C. articulato-prolifer ; articulis compressis ovatis, spinis Opuntia .

setaeeis.— Will'd, sp. pl. 2. p. 943.

Icon. Knorr thes. 1 . t. F. a.

In pine-barrens and sandy fields: New Jersey to Caro-
lina. Tj . June, July. v.v. Flowers large, yellow ;
berries red, eatable, known by the name of Prickly
Pears.

There are two or three more species growing on the
Missouri ; but having bad no opportunity to see them
myself, I only mention it here, to draw the attention
of the botanists in those regions towards them.

400. BARTONIA. Sims in bot.?nag. 148?.

1. B. germine folioso, seminibus nudis. ernatal

B. decapetala. Sims /. c.

On chalky soil and arid volcanic grounds, on the bor-
ders of the Missouri. M. Lewis. $ . July, Aug.
v. s. in Herb. Lewis.

Radix biennis, fibrosa. Caul's ramosus, teres. Rami
patentes, scabri. Folia alterna, semi-amplexicaulia,
oblonga, basi dilatata, superne sensim angustiora, in-
ciso-dentata seu subpinnatifida, utrinque scabra, glau-
cescentia. Flores magni, albi, ex axillis superioribus,
solitarii, pedunculaii. Pedunculi foliosi, folio breviores.

Calyx superus campanulatus, 5-partitus j laciniis ova-
tis, longissime acuminatis, petalis paulo brevioribus.

Petala :0. alba, lanceolato-oblonga, acuta, unguicu-
lata. Stamina numerosa, filiformia, petalis breviora.

Antherce luteae, oblongae, biloculares. Germen infe-
rum, oblongum, foliis pinnatifidis calyce brevioribus
ornatum. Stylus staminibus longior, filiformis. Stig-
ma simplex. Capsula cylindrica, calyce coronata,
apice operculatim 5-valvis. Semina oblonga, plana.

This beautiful plant, whose large white flowers open
during the night and spread a most agreeable odour,
was discovered in the year 1804, on the white bluft3
near the Maha village, by the late M. Lewis, Esquire.

In 1807 I made a drawing and description of it, for

32£

icosandkia monogttnia. Bartonia.

nuda .

the publication of that gentleman’s Tour across the
Continent of America to the Pacific Ocean. In 1812,
Mr. Nuttall, on his return from a journey in those
parts, brought seeds and specimens of this and another
species to London ; and having by those means the
living plants, I agreed with Mr. Nuttall to dedicate
it to the memory of Dr. B. S. Barton, of Philadel-
phia, our mutual friend ; under which name it was
published in the Botanical Magazine. Since that pub-
lication, Mr. Nuttall, whose name has occurred in se-
veral pages of this work, with all the credit due to his
valuable discoveries, has found himself rather offend-
ed at not having given him all the exclusive credit
of discovery, which with justice and propriety to the
memory of M. Lewis, Esq. I never could do.

2. B. germine nudo, seminibus alatis. Sims l. c.

On the banks of the Missouri. Nuttall. <$ . July, Aug.
v. v. This species has smaller flowers, and the leaves
are not so glaucous as the foregoing : in every other
respect the above description is applicable to the pre-
sent one, with little deviation. The number of petals
is variable, from ten to fifteen.

barbara «

401. DECUMARIA. Gen . pi. 815.

(

3 . D. foliis ovato-oblongis utrinque acutis obsolete serratis.
Willd. enum. p. 51 6. Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 850.

In South Carolina. . July, Aug. v. v. Stem climb-

ing; flowers in corymbous panicles, white, very
sweet-scented.

sarmentosa e

2. D. foliis ovatis acutis basi rotundatis, apice serratis. Willd .
enum. 5l6. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 850.

Forsythia scandens. Walt.jl. car

Icon. Bose, in act . hist. nat. paris. 1. t. 13.

In deep cedar-swamps of Virginia and Carolina ; parti-
cularly plentiful fin the Dismal-swamp, near Norfolk.
Tj . July, Aug. v. v. This climbing shrub resem-
bles the first species, but grows taller, and is in every
other respect larger in all its parts. It ascends, in com-
pany of Zizyphus volubilis, the tallest cypress trees
in those swamps.

ICOSANDR.IA MONOGYNI A»

402. PHILADELPHUS. Gen. pi. 840.

1. P. foliis ovatis acuminatis integerrimis, calycis laciniis

acutis, stylo staminibus longiore indiviso, stigmatibus
quatuor oblongis. — iVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 948.

Icon. Catesb. car. 2. t. 84. Bot. mag. 1478.

On the banks of rivers in South Carolina. Tj . June,

July. v. v. An elegant shrub : flowers large, white.

2. P. foliis ovatis acutis subintegerrimis, margine ciliatis,

calycis laciniis acutis, stylo longitudine staminum 3-
fido, stigmatibus tribus.

On the waters of Clarck’s river. \ . July, v. s. in
Herb. Lewis. The flowers are smaller than the pre-
ceding species.

3. P. foliis ovatis acuminatis denticulatis, axillis venarum grandiflorus .

subtus fasciculato-pilosis, calycis laciniis acuminatis, '
stylo staminibus longiore indiviso, stigmatibus quatuor
linearibus.— IVilld. enum. 511.

P. inodorus. Hortul.

On river banks in South Carolina and Georgia, .

June, July. v. v. This is generally found in most
gardens, under the name of P. inodorus , which is by
far a more scarce plant.

403. CHRYSOBALANUS. Gen. pl. 850.

l.C. foliis subcuneatim oblongis vel etiam oblanceolatis oblongifoliusi
subtus lanuginoso-incanis, petalis subrotundo-ob-ovalL
bus, staminibus glabris, fructibus oblongo-ovatis.— -
Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 283.

Icon. Bartr. iter , t

In the barren sands of Georgia and Florida. 1? . May,

June. v. s. in Herb. Lyon. Flowers white, very
small, in large panicles; they are generally dioicous :
the fruit is the size of a common plum. This shrub
runs with its branches under ground, without making
any fibres, for a considerable distance ; and its side
branches appear from one to two feet above ground,
as a separate small shrub, by which more properly it
might be considered as a tree under ground.

404. PRUNUS. Gen.pl. 849*

1. P, floribus racemosis, racemis erectis elongatis, foliis de- virginiana .
qiduis ovali-oblongis acuminatis inaequaliter duplicato-

329

inodorus.

Lewisii.

33d

serotina .

canadensis.

earoliniana •

smperflorens .

lorealis .

ICOS ANDRIA MONOGYNIA. PruntlS.

dentatis utrinque glabris, petiolis subquadriglandulosis.

- — Willd sp.pl 2. p.Q85.

P. rubra. Ait. hew 2 p. 162.

Icon. Willd. arb. t. 5 f 1. Mich. arb. t

In woods, frequent : Canada to Florida. . April, May.'
v v. A handsome tree : flowers white, as all the fol-
lowing are ; berries red. The wood is very useful
and handsome, and is manufactured into elegant fur-
niture.

2. P. floribus racemosis, racemis laxis, foliis deciduis sim-

pliciter serratis, serraturis infimis subglanduiosis, costa
media basin versus barbata.— Willd. sp. p/. 2. p. 98 6.
P. virginiana. Mill diet. n. 3. Du R i harbk. 2.p. 191.
Icon. Willd. arb. t. 5. f 2. Wangh. amer t. 14./! 33.
In mountain woods : Pensylvania to Carolina. • May,
June. v. v. Resembles the first species very much.

3. P. floribus racemosis, foliis deciduis eglandulosis lato-

lanceolatis rugosis argute serratis utrinque subpubescen-
tibus, in petiolum attenuatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 986.
Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 158./. 4.

In North America. Sp.pl. I? . 4-. I strongly sus-
pect this to be nothing more than P. hiemalis , No. 9.

4. P. floribus racemosis, foliis sempervirentibus oblongo-

lanceolatis mucronatis serratis eglandulosis laevigatis. — -
Willd. sp. pl. 2 p 9S7.

In South Carolina and Georgia, T? . May. v. v. A
handsome evergreen shrub, resembling P. lusiianica.

5. P. floribus racemosis, racemis foliosis pendulis, calycibus

serratis, foliis ovatis serratis glabris basi glandulosis. —
Willd. sp pl. 2. p. 992.

P. serotina. Roth catalect. 1. p. 58.

In the w'estern parts of Virginia. I? . May. v, v . A
small shrub.

6. P. floribus corymbosis, pedicellis elongatis, foliis ovali*

oblongis acuminatis eroso- denticulatis membranaceis
glabris, fructu subovato. — Mich.Jl. amer. 1. />. 286.
Icon Mich. arb. t

In Canada and on the high mountains of New England
and Pensylvania. . May, June. v„ v. A very
handsome small tree 5 the wood exquisitely hard and
fine grained ; the cherries hang in clusters, are small,
red, and agreeable to the taste, but occasion an as-
tri ngency in the mouth, from which they are called
Choke- cherries.

ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA. PmnUS.

331

*]. P. umbellis subsessilibus aggregatis multifloris tandem pcnsylvanica.
paniculaeformibus, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis serratis
glabris basi biglanduiosis, ramulis punctatis. — IVilld.
sp. pl. 2. p. 993.

P. lanceolata. Willd. arh. t.3.f. 3.

In woods and near plantations : New England to Vir-
ginia. lq • April, May. v. v. This resembles P. Ce-
rasus very much: the cherries are small, and agreeable
to eat.

8. P. umbellis sessilibus solitariis paucifloris, foliis deciduis

ovatis acuminatis inaequaliter argute-serratis utrinque
glabris, petiolis biglanduiosis. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2.
P-99 3.

Icon. Bot. mag. 111/.

In Canada and on the Allegany mountains. ^ • May,
June. v. v.

9. P. umbellis sessilibus aggregatis paucifloris, calycis laci-

niis lanceolatis, stipulis setaceo-compositis, foliis ob-
longo-ovalibus obovalibusve abrupte promisseque acu-
minatis, fructu subovato. — Mich.Jl. amer. J. p. 284.
In Canada and on the western mountains of Virginia and
Carolina, t? . May. v. v. The fruit small, black,
extremely astringent, but eatable in winter 3 called
Black Choke-cherry.

10. P. umbellis sessilibus aggregatis paucifloris, foliis ovato-

ellipticis acutis utrinque glabris argute serratis basi bi-
glanduiosis.— Willd. sp pl. 2. p. 993.

In the western parts of Pensylvania and Virginia. I? .
May. v. v . A shrub about four or five feet high j
the fruit very indifferent, black, the size of a large
pea.

11. P. umbellis sessilibus aggregatis paucifloris, pedunculis

calycibusque pubescentibus, foliis brevi-ovalibus ser-
rulatis basi plerumque biglanduiosis, drupa sphaerica,
nuce subrotundo-ovoidea.

P. sphaerocarpa. Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 284.

On the sea-coast of New England. Michaux. In the
western parts of Pensylvania on the borders of lakes.
P. * May. v. v. A small shrub ; flowers smaller
than any other American species 3 fruit brownish-pur-
ple, very astringent.

12. P. umbellis sessilibus aggregatis paucifloris, calycibus

acutis, ramis virgatis teretibus, foliis angusto-lanceo-

nigra .

hiemalis .

pygmcea .

pubescens.

pumila.

332

depressa.

Chicasa.

‘maritima.

Susquehan -
_ na.

ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA. PrUHUS.

latis superne serratis subtus pallidis. — IVilld. sp. pL 2.
p. 990.

Icon. Mill. ic. t. SQ.f. 2.

In low grounds and swamps : Pensylvania and Virginia.

T? . May. v. v. A small shrub of the appearance of
Amygdalus nana ; fruit red, very acid.

13. P. umbellis sessilibus aggregatis paucifloris, calycibus
obtusis, ramis angulatis depresso-prostratis, foliis cu-
neato-lanceolatis rariter serratis glabris subtus glaucis,
fructu ovato.

P. pumila. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 28 6.

On the sandy shores of rivers and lakes : Canada to
Virginia. Tj . May. v. v. This low shrub, which
spreads its branches very much, and does not rise
above one foot from the ground, is known by the name
of Sand-cherries. The fruit is black, small, and
agreeably tasted.

34. P. gemmis aggregatis bifloris, pedi cellis brevissimis, ca-
lycibus glabris, laciniis obtusis, foliis oblongo-ovalibus
acutis seu acuminatis serrulatis, fructu subgloboso,
ramis spinescentibus glaberrimis. — Mich. Jl. amer. 1.
p. 284.

P. insititia. Walt.Jl. car. 14 6.

In Virginia and Carolina. i? • April, May. v. v. Known
by the name of Chicasaiv Plum. The fruit is yellow
and agreeably tasted. It is mentioned in Michaux’s
Flora, that it was introduced by the Indians ; which
probably may be the case, as it generally only occurs
where ancient camps of Indians have been.

15. P. pedunculis subsolitariis, foliis ovato-oblongis acumi-

natis duplicato-serratis. Willd. enum. 519.

P. acuminata, fruticosa j ramulis glabris, foliis oblongo-
ovalibus longiuscule acuteque acuminatis, calyce glabro,
drupa longiuscule pedunculata ovata acuminata. Mich.
Jl. amer. 1. p. 284 ?

On the sea-coast ; New Jersey to Carolina. Tj . May.
v. v. Fruit the size of a pigeon’s egg, very good to
eat, dark purple.

1 6. P. pedunculis solitariis, foliis obovato-oblongis subtus

glaucis serratis basi integerrimis. Willd. enum. 519.

On the banks of the Susquehannah, Pensylvania, .
May. -f- . It appears to me that this species approaches
very near to No. 13.

Tcub.1.5'.

y/sy,/

(~ff//p/'/r t<

■mr/U'?nci' .

ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA. PmnUSc

333

17. P. pedunculis solitariis, foliis ellipticis glabris, fructibus

pendulis, ramis subinermibus. JVillci. sp. pl. 2. p. 997.

Near habitations, frequent. I? . April, May. v. v. This
is the common Myrabolan Cherry , and had its origin
from America, according to authors.

18. P. pedunculis solitariis, foliis elliptico-lanceolatis subtus

pubescentibus, fructibus rectis, ramis spinosis. Willd.
sp. pl. 2. p. 997.

The common Black Thorn, or Sloe , is frequently found
in hedge-rows, particularly in Pensylvania, but has
been introduced from Europe.

405. TIGAREA. Aubl. guj. 2. p. 91 7. Pursh in linn,
trans. v,\l,

1. T. foliis in apice ramulorum confertis, obcuneatis, 3-den-
tatis, supra villosis subtus cano-tomentosis, floribus
terminalibus solitariis brevissime pedunculatis.

In the prairies of the Rocky- mountains and on the Co-
lumbia river. Tj . July. v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flow-
ers yellow.

Frutex ramosissimus. Cortex cinerea. Ramuli brevis-
simi, gibbosi, apice fasciculatim foliosi. Gemmee :
squamis subrotundis, glabris, fuscis. Folia cuneifor-
mia, quasi in petiolum angustata, apice 3-dentata seu
3-fida, laciniis lateralibus acutis, intermedia subemar-
ginata, margine revoluta, supra strigoso-v iliosa, subtus
cano-tomentosa, subtriplinervia, semiuncialia. Pe-
dunculi brevissimi, terminales, solitarii, uniflori. Flores
lutei, magnitudine Cratcegi oxyacanthi. Calyx extus
hirsutissimus, laciniis acutis. Petala obovata, subun»
guiculata, calyce paulo longiora. Filamenta circiter
20. longitudine petalorum. Antherce oblongae, bilo-
culares. Germen oblongum, hirsutum, longitudine
staminum. Stylus brevis, obliquus. Stigma simplex.
Capsula immatura calyce persistente cincta.

This singular shrub approaches the nearest to Tigarea of
Aublet : the seeming difference in character may only
be owing to the imperfect state of the specimens
Aublet’s description seems to be made of. It cer-
tainly deserves to be separated from Tetracera , though
generally united with that genus.

cerasiferaa

spinosa.

tridentata ,

334

ICOSANDKIA MONQGYNIA.

Salicaria.

/3. pubescens.

verticillatum.

virgatum .

datum.

lineare .

406. LYTHRUM. Gen. pl. 825.

1 . L. pubescens 3 foliis oppositis ternatisque sessilibus Ian-

ceolatis basi cordatis, floribus terminalibus verticillato-
spicatis 12-andris, capsulis oblongis. — Willd. sp. pl 2.
p. 805.

Icon. FL dan. 07 1. Engl. lot. 1001.

In wet meadows : Canada and New England. 7f. . July,
-A ug. v. v. About two feet high 3 flowers very
showy, purple.

2. L. pubescens 3 foliis oppositis lanceolatis petiolatis, flori-

bus axillaribus corymbosis subverticillatim aggregatis
decandris, fructibus globosis.— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 800.
Decodon aquaticum. Gmel. syst. 077*

Anonymos aquatica. Walt.jl. car. 137.

In swamps: Canada to Florida 5 not common. 71.
July, Aug. v. v. A showy perennial, from two to
four feet high ; the stems are declinate, and strike fre-
quently roots on their summits 3 flowers large, fine
purple.

3. L. foliis oppositis lanceolatis glabris, caule paniculato,

floribus axillaribus ternis pedicellatis 12-andris.—
JVilld.sp.pl 2. p. 805.

L. virgatum. JValt.Jl. car. 120.

In low sandy meadows and swamps. Bose. 2/ . July,
Aug. v. s. in Herb. Enslen. Flowers pale purple.
Walter in his Flora Caroliniensis has it as an hexan-
drous plant 5 which probably may be the case.

4. L. glaberrimum 3 foliis oppositis ovato-oblongis acutis

basi subcordatis arcte sessilibus, ramis virgatis 4-gono-
alatis, floribus axillaribus solitariis sessilibus hexandris.
In Lower Georgia, Enslen. 7J. June, July. v. s. in
Herb. Enslen. From three to four feet high 3 flowers
small, purple.

5. L. glabrum, virgato-paniculatum 3 foliis suboppositis li-

nearibus, floribus axillaribus solitariis 0-andris. —
JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 808.

Near the sea-coast of Virginia and Carolina. 71 . July,
Aug. v. v. Three or four feet high 3 flowers small,
white.

fCOSANDKIA MONOQYNIA.

333

40/. CUPHEA. Jacq. kort. 2. p. 83.

l.C. viscosa; foliis oppositis petiolatis ovato-oblongis, fio- viscosissima.
ribus 12-andris lateralibus solitariis brevissime pedun-
culatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 87O.

Balsamona Pinto. Vandell. fasc. t. 3.

Ly thrum Cuphea. Linn. suppi. 24Q.

Lythrum petiolatum. IVilld. sp.pl. 2. p . 86/.

Icon. Jacq hort. 2. t. 177*

In the mountains of Virginia and Kentucky. 0. June,

July, v . v.f v. s.inHeib . Gronov. Flowers, large,
purple.

II. Dl-PENTAG YNIA.

408. FOTHERGILLA. Gen. pl. Q22.

1. Fothergilla. IVilld. sp. pl 2. p. 1224.

F. Garden! Mich fi. amer. 1 . p

a. F. foliis cuneato-obovatis superne crenato-dentatis.

Icon. Bot. mag. 1341. Lam. illustr. 480.

/3. F. foliis ovato-oblongis basi subcordatis superne crenato-
dentaus.

Icon. Bot . mag. 1342.
y. F. foliis ovatis acutis subintegerrimis.

F. Gardeni. Jacq. ic.rar 1. t. 100.

In shady woods, on the side of hills : Virginia to Caro-
lina. \ 2 • March, April, v. v . Flowers in close
spikes or catkins, white. The different varieties here
mentioned are rather to be considered as distinct
species.

409 AGRIMONIA. Gen. pl 830.

1. A. hirsuta; foliis interrupte-pinnatis, impari petiolato. Eupatoria .

foliolis obovatis inciso-argute-dentatis glabriusculis,
spicis virgatis, floribus subsessilibus, petalis calyce du-
plo longioribus fructibus obconicis divaricato-hispidis
basi sublaevibus. — JVilld. sp. pl. 2. p. 8/5.

Icon. Ft. dan. 580. Curt. land. 32.

Near the edge of woods on sunny hills : Pensyl vania t©

Carolina. % . June, July. v.v. Flowers yellow.

alnifolia .
obtusa,
major.

acuta.

336

parviflora.

suaveolens .

striata ,

apiifolia ,

spathulata.

1C0SANDRIA DI-FENTAGYNI A. Agtimoma,

2. A. hirsuta ; foliis interrupte pinnatis, impari sessili, fo-

liolis plurimis lineari-lanceolatis inciso-serratis, spicis
virgatis, floribus brevissime pedicellatis, petalis calyce
sesquilongioribus, fructibus subrotundis divaricato-
hispidis.— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p . 8 76.

In woods, on the side of hills : Pensylvania to Virginia.
% . June, July. v. v. Flowers small, yellow.

3. A. hirsutissima; foliis interrupte-pinnatis, impari sessili,

foliolis plurimis lanceolatis argute serratis subtus hir-
sutis, spicis virgatis viscosis, floribus brevi-petiolatis,
petalis calyce duplo longioribus, fructibus obconicis
divaricato-hispidis.

On high mountain-meadows : Virginia and Carolina. 1/ .
July, Aug. v. v. Grows to the height of five feet ;
is covered with very long brownish hairs : the flower
spikes are likewise very closely covered with viscous
hairs, and have a very agreeable balsamic scent : the
flowers are small and pale yellow.

4. A. spicis virgatis, fructibus reflexis turbinatis sulcato-

striatis apice tantum et quasi coronatim hispidis. Mich .
Jl. amer. 1. p . 287 .

In Canada. Michaux. I/ . + . Flowers white.

410. CRATAEGUS. Gen. pl. 854.

1 . C. spinosa foliis deltoideis inciso-lobatis, lobis acutis in»

ciso-dentatis, corymbi pedicellis subsimplicibus, caly-
cis tubo oblongo, laciniis subserratis» — Mich.fi. amer,
l.p. 2 87-

C. Oxyacantha. IValt.Jl. car. 147.

In low woods and on the banks of rivers : Virginia and
Carolina ; plentifully on the banks of Roanoke- river,
Southampton, . May, June. v. v. This shrub,
with its elegant foliage and scarlet berries, would be
one of the finest ornaments to be introduced into the
gardens, particularly for the purpose of making hedges;
which object has been so much neglected in North
America.

2. C. ramulis spinescentibus fasciculatim foliosis, foliis par-

vis longissime deorsum angustatis subspathulatis trifi-
dis, corymbis paucifloris, pedicellis brevibus, calyci-
bus tomentosis.— Midi. fi. amer. 3. p. 288.

In dry woods, near rivers : Virginia and Carolina. 1? .
May, June. v. v. The thorns are yery large and
crooked ; leaves small.

ICOSANDRIA Dl-PENTAGYNIA, CrataegUS.

3. C. spinosa j foliis cordato-ovatis inciso-angulatis glabris

acute-serratis, petiolis calycibusque pubescentibus
glandulosis, petalis orbiculatis, floribus 5-gynis.—
Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1000.

Mespilus aestivalis. Wdlt.fl. car . 148.

Icon. Pluk. aim. t. 46. f. 4.

In woods and hedges : Canada to Carolina. \ . April,
May. v, v. Berries red, large, and agreeable to eat.

4. C. spinosa ; foliis cordato-ovatis basi truncatis inciso-

angulatis glabris, petiolis calycibusque eglandulosis,
floribus pentagynis. Walt.Jl. car. 14 7.

C. corallina. H. P.

C. cordata. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1000.

Mespilus acerifolia. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 442.

Mespilus Phcenopyrum. Linn . suppi. 254.

Mespilus cordata. Mill. ic. t. 179.

In hedge rows and on the banks of rivers : Canada to
Virginia. Tj . May, June. v. v. Berries small,
scarlet.

5 . C. spinosa inermisve 3 foliis ovato-ellipticis inciso-serra-

tis subplicatis subhittis, calycibus villosiusculis, foliolis
lineari-lanceolatis serratis, floribus trigynis. Willd . sp .
pl. 2. p. 1001.

C. leucophleos. Mcench. weissenst. p. 31. t. 2.

C. tomentosa. Du Roi harhh. i.p. 183.

C. edulis. Loddiges catal.

Mespilus calpodendron. Ehrh. leitr. 2. p.67.

Mespilus latifolia. Lain, encycl. 4. p. 444.

In rocky and gravelly woods, and on banks of rivers :
Pensylvania to Carolina. T? . June. v. s.

6. C. spinosa ; foliis ellipticis inaequaliter serratis glabris,

petiolis calycibusque glandulosis, laciniis calycis obtusis,
baceis globosis 5-spermis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1002.

C. prunifolia. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 443.

In copses and dry swamps : Canada to Carolina. T? .
April, May. v.v. Fruit red, small,

7. C. spinosa 3 foliis obovato- cuneiform ibus angulatis gla-

bris nitidis, petiolis stipulis calycibusque glandulosis,
baccis ovalibus 5-spermis. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1002.

C. sanguinea. Pall. jl. ross. 1. p. 25. t. 11.

Mespilus rotundifolia. Ehrh. heitr. 3. p. 20.

In Canada and on the Allegany mountains. I? . April,
May. v. v. Berries middle-sized, scarlet. M, Lewis,
Esq. collected it on the Rocky-mountains,

VOL» *

337
coccinea .

populifolm .

pyrifolia ,

elliptica #

glanduhsao

338
flava .

parvifolia .

punctata.

rubra.

aurea.

Crus galli.

XCOSANDttlA DI-PENTAGYNIA. CrataegUS.

8. C. spinosa ; foliis obovato-cuneiformibus sublobatis cre-
nato-serratis, petiolis brevibus, stipulis cordatis caly-
cibusque glandulosis, floribus subsolitariis, baccis tur-
binatis tetraspermis. — Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. J002.

C. viridis. Walt.fl. car. 147.

C. glandulosa. Mich.fl. amer. I. p. 288;

C. Michauxii. Pers: syn. 2. p. 38.

Mespilus flexispina. Mcench. iveissenst. p. 62. t. 4.
Mespilus caroliniana. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 442.

In sandy, shady places : Virginia to Carolina. I? . May.
v. v. Berries large, yellow, eatable $ flowers large.

Q. C. spinosa ; foliis cuneiformi-ovatis incisis serratis sub-
tomentosis, foliolis calycinis lanceolatis incisis longi-
tudine fructus, floribus solitariis 5-gynis, fructibus
subturbinatis punctato-verrucosis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 1002.

C. tomentosa. Sp. pl. 682.

C. uniflora. Du Roi harlk. 1. p. 184.

Mespilus Xanthocarpos. Linn. suppi. 254 .

Mespilus laciniata. Walt. fl. car. 147-
In sandy, shady woods : New Jersey to Carolina. T? .
May, June, v, v. A low shrub 3 leaves small ; fruit
large, greenish-yellow.

10. C. spinosa inermisve ; foliis obovato-cuneiformibus sub-

plicatis glabris incisis serratis in petiolum decurrenti-
bus, calycibus villosis, laciniis subulatis integerrimis,
baccis subglobosis umbilico depresso. — Willd. sp.pl. 2.
p. 1004. ^

C. Crus galli. Du Roi harlk. 1. p. 195.

Mespilus cuneifolia. Ehrh. leitr. 3. p. 21.

Mespilus cornifolia. Lam. encycl. 4. p. 444.

Icon. Jacq. hort. 1. t. 28.
a. C. fructibus rubris. Ait. kew. ed. 2. t. 3. p. 202.

(3. C. fructibus flavis. Ait. I. c.

In the woods and swamps of Virginia and Carolina. T? .
May, June. v. v. Is inclined to grow to a hand-
some tree j berries yellow, with dark spots.

1 1 . C. spinosa j foliis obovato-cuneiformibus subsessilibns

nitidis coriaceis, corymbis compositis, foliolis calyci-
nis lanceolatis subserratis, floribus digynis. Willd. sp.
pl. 2. p. 1004.

C. hyemalis. Walt.fl. car. 147»

C. lucida. Wangh. amer. p. 53. t. 1 J.f. 42.

Mespilus lucida. Ehrh. leitr. 4. p. 1 7»

339

ICOSANDRIA DI-PENTAGYNXA. CrataegUS.

Icon. Trewic. rar. 2. t. 17-
a. C. foliis obovato-cuneiformibus. Ait. hew. ed. 2. t. 3. splendens.

p. 202. < [lia.

1 3 . C. foliis oblongo-lanceolatis subcuneiformibus. Ait.Lc. pyracanthifo-
y. C. foliis lanceolatis. Ait. 1. c. salicifolia.

In woods and hedges, on the banks of rivers, common :

Canada to Carolina. ^ • April, May. v. v . Berries
small, scarlet.

411. PYRUS. Gen. pi. 858.

1. P. inermis; foliis obovato-oblongis acutis crenato-denta- arlutifolia,

tis subtus tomen tosis, rachi supra glandulosa, floribus
corymbosis, calycibus tomentosis. — Willd . sp. pi. 2.
p. 1012.

Crataegus pyrifolia. Lam. encycl. 1. p. 83.

Mespilus arbutifolia. Sp. pi. 685.

Mespilus arbutifolia erythrocarpa. Mich. Jl. amer. 1.
p.2Ql.

Mespilus pumila. Schmidt arb. 88.

Icon. Milt. ic. 10Q.

In low copses and swamps ; common : Canada to Caro-
lina. Tj . May, June. v. v. A low shrub ; berries
red : leaves more or less tomentose.

2. P. inermis ; foliis obovato-oblongis acuminatis serratis melanocarpa »

subtus glabris, rachi supra glandulosa, floribus corym-
bosis, calycibus glabris. Willd. enum. 52 5.

Crataegus arbutifolia. Lam. encycl. l.p. 83.

Mespilus arbutifolia. Schmidt arh. 8(5.

Mespilus arbutifolia melanocarpa. Mich. fi. amer. 1.
p. 2g2.

In bogs of Canada and on the high mountains of Pensyl-
vania, Virginia, and Carolina. T? . May, June. v. v .

Berries large, black, and resembling in taste those of
Vaccinium pensylvanicum.

3. P. inermis; foliis oblongo-ellipticis cuspidatis adultis Botryapium*

glabris, floribus racemosis, petalis linearibus lanceo-
latis, germinibus pubescentibus, calycinis segmentis
glabris. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1013.

Crataegus racemosa. Lam. encycl. 1. p. 84.

Mespilus canadensis. Sp.pl. 635.

Mespilus canadensis /3. cordata. Mich. fi. amer . 1,
p.2Q\.

Icon. Schmidt ari. 84.

% 2

MO

ovalis.

sanguinea.

Malus.

coronaria .

angustifiolia .

ICOSANDRIA IH-PRNTAGYNIA. PyrUS,

In woods and hedges ; frequent : Canada to Carolina,
T? . April, May. v. v. A small tree ; leaves covered
with a white tomentum, when young ; berries black,
very agreeably tasting.

4. P. inermis ; foliis subrotundo-ellipticis acutis glabris, flo-

ribus racemosis, petalis obovatis, germinibus calyci-
nisque segmentis pubescentibus. Willd. sp. pl. 2 .
p. 1014.

Crataegus spicata. Lam. encycl. 1 .p. 84.

Mespilus Amelanchier. Wdlt.fi. car. 184.

Mespilus canadensis a. obovalis. Midi. fi. amer. 1«

p- m-

In swamps : New Jersey to Carolina. Fj . April, May.
v. v. A small shrub j berries black and eatable.

5. P. inermis j foliis ovalibus utrinque obtusis mucronatis

tenuissime serratis basi subcordatis, racemis pauciflo-
ris, calycibus glabris, petalis linearibus obtusis.
Mespilus canadensis y. rotundifolia. Mich.fi. amer. 1,
. p.291.

In Canada, and on the banks of the Columbia. T? . April,
May. v. v. A small tree with blood-red branches 3
berries red, eatable.

6. P. umbellis sessilibus, foliis ovato- oblongis acuminatis

serratis glabriusculis, unguibus calyce brevioribus,
stylis glabris. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. IO17.

The Common Apple-tree frequently occurs in woods ap-
parently wild, but has been seminated by birds.

7- P. foliis lato-ovalibus basi rotundatis subangulatis serra,
tis laevibus, pedunculis corymbosis. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2.
p. 1018.

In woods and near plantations : Pensyl vania to Carolina.
T2 . May. v. v. The Sweet-scented Crab-tree , the
fruit of which is well known as a most excellent pre-
serve for the table, is a very fine ornamental tree, not
only for the beauty but particularly for the fine violet-
scent of its flowers.

8. P. foliis lanceolato-oblongis basi acutis leviter crenato-
dentatis nitidis, pedunculis corymbosis .—-Willd. sp.
pl. 2. p. 1020.

P. coronaria. Wangh. amer. t. 2l.fi. 47,

In low woods of Carolina. T2 • May. v. v. Resem-
bles the foregoing species ■, the fruit very small.

ICQSANDRIA BI-PENTAGYNIA*

141

412. SORBUS. Gen. pl. 8 55.

1. S. foliis pinnatis, foliolis acatis subsequ aliter serratis pe-

tioioque communi glaberrimis. Willd. enum. 520.

S. Aucuparia /3. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 2Q0.

In Canada and on some of the northern mountains. T? .
May, June, v v. Berries purple, not scarlet as in
the European species.

2. S. foliis pinnatis, foliolis acuminatis inaequaliter inciso-

serratis petioloque communi glabris, serraturis setaceo-
mucronatis.

S. Aucuparia a. Mich.jl . amer. 1 . p. 29O.

On the peaks of high mountains : New Jersey to Caro-
lina. f? . June. v. v. A large shrub ; the young
branches covered with a shining, dark brown gloss ;
berries small, scarlet. This species is very distinct
from the Canadian Sorbus .

413. SPIIUEA. Gen. pi. 802.

* Fruticosae ,

1. S. foliis lanceolatis argute -serratis glabris, racemo termi-

nali composito paniculato, floribus 5-gynis, — Willd.
sp. pl. 2. p. 1055.

a. S. foliis lanceolatis, racemis paniculatis divaricatis, pe-
talis albis cortice ramorum rubris. Ait. kew. 2. p. 198.
S. alba. Ehrh. beitr. 7. p. 137.

Icon. Mill. ic. t. 257 .f. 2.

/3. S. foliis ovato-oblongis, racemis paniculatis, petalis albis,
cortice ramorum rufescente. Ait. I. c.

In swamps and on the edge of ditches and slow-flowing
rivers : Canada to Carolina ; particularly on the moun-
tains. I? . June- — Aug. v. v. This shrub is very
variable in size, shape, and colour.

2. S. foliis lanceolatis insequaliter-serratis subtus tomentosis,

racemo terminali composito confertifloro, floribus 5-
gynis — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1056'.

Icon. Schmidt arb. 57 • Pluk. aim. t. 321. f. 5.

In Canada and on the Allegany mountains : New York
to Carolina. T? . July — Sept. v.v. A small shrub -f
flowers red.

3. S. foliis obovatis integerrimis seu apice dentatis glabris,

umbellis sessilibus.-— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1057»

Icon. Schmidt arb. 56 & 57.

americana •
microcarpa.

salicifolido

paniculata.

latifolia.
tomentosa .

hypericifolia »

342

chartKzdrifo -
lia .

media.
letulifolia .

opulifolia.

capitata.

discolor.

sorhifolia.

ICOSANDRIA DI-PENTAGYNIA. Spiraea.

In dry swamps of Canada and New York. Tj . May.
y. Flowers white, small, and in great abundance.

4 . S. foliis obovatis apice inciso-dentatis glabris, corymbis

pedunculatis.— Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 1058.

Icon. Schmidt arh. 53

/3. S. foliis utrinque sub villosis paucidentatis. Schmidt
arh 54.

In Canada and on the north-west coast. T? . May, June.
v. v.

5. S. foliis lato-ovatis inciso-serratis glabris, corymbis ter-

minalibus compositis fastigiatis foliosis. — Pali. fi.
ross. 1. p. 33. t. l6.

In the mountains of Virginia. F? . May— July. v. v.
Not above a foot high ; flowers tinged with red This
species is very distinct from S. ulmifolia Willd. sp.
pi. 2. p. 1058, to which it has been referred as a
synonym.

6. S. foliis ovatis lobatis duplicato-dentatis crenatisve gla-

bris, corymbis terminalibus confertifloris, floribus 3-
gynis, capsulis inflatis. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1059.
Icon. Schmidt arh. 32. Roh. ic. 134. Comm. hort. 1«
t. 8 7.

On the banks of rivers, particularly in the mountains :
Canada to Carolina, . June, July. v. v. Flowers
white; generally known by the name of Nine-bark.

y. S. foliis ovatis sublobatis duplicato-dentatis subtus reticu-
latis tomentosis, corymbis terminalibus congestis sub-
capitatis longissime pedunculatis, calycibus tomen-
tosis.

On the north-west coast. Menzies. Tq • June. v. s .
in Herb. Banks. An imperfect specimen of this spe-
cies I observed in the Lewisian Herbarium, gathered
on the Columbia.

8. S. foliis ovatis lobatis dentatis subplicatis subtus niveo-

tomentosis, paniculis terminalibus pedunculatis ramo-
sissimis.

On the banks of the Kooskoosky. T? . June, July. v. s.
in Herb. Lewis. A shrub about five feet high.

9. S. foliis pinuatis, foliolis uniformibus serratis, floribus

paniculatis. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1060.

Icon. Schmidt arh. 58. Pall.fi, ross. 1. 1. 24.

On the north-west coast, and probably in Canada. T? .
July, Aug. v. v. A handsome small shrub ; flowers
white.

icosANDRiA di-pentagynia» Spiraea.

** Herbaceos .

10. S. foliis 2-3-pinnatis, spicis paniculatis, floribus 3-gynis
dioicis.— -Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 1000.

Icon. Pall fi. ross. 1 . t. 20.

/3. S. foliis lucidis, panicula oblonga, spicis gracilibus her-
maphroditis.

In the mountains : Pensylvania to Georgia. 1/ . June,
July. v. v. Flowers white 5 a very elegant plant.

J 1. S. foliis pinnatis glabris, impari majore 7-lobo, laterali-
bus 3-lobis, corymbis proliferis. Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. 1002.

S. palmata. Linn. suppi. 202.

Icon. Jacq.hort. 1. t. 88.

In fertile wet meadows : Virginia and Cardina. 1/ »
July, Aug. v. v. A beautiful perennial 5 flowers red,
in large clusters.

12. S. foliis ternatis lanceolatis serratis subaequalibus, stipulis

linearibus integris, floribus terminalibus laxe panicu-
latis 5-gynis, calyce tubuloso campanulato. — Willd.
sp. pl. 2. p . 1003.

Gillenia trifoliata. Moench. meth. suppi, p. 280.

Icon. Mill . ic. 256. Bot. mag. 48 g.

In shady woods and on bogs : Canada to Florida ; prin-
cipally in the mountainous parts thereof. 1/ . June,
July. v. v. A very fine perennial ; flowers large,
white. It may, with the following species, with all
propriety form a distinct genus.

13. S. foliis ternatis lanceolatis inciso-serratis subaequalibus,

stipulis foliaceis ovatis inciso-dentatis, floribus termi-
nalibus laxe paniculatis 5-gynis, calyce campanulato.
— Willd. enum. p

/3. S. foliis ternatis, foliolis pinnatifidis inciso-dentatis.

In shady woods : Kentucky and Tennassee. I/ . June,
July. v. v. Flowers resembling the former species.
The variety (3. appears very different $ but, as I have
not seen it in flower, I did not venture to make it a di-
stinct species.

343
Aruncus .
americana.

lolata ,
trifoliata .

stipulae ea .
incisa.

344

lianda.

parviflorq.

nitida.

lucidae

gemella .

IC05ANDRIA FQLYGY NIA.

III. POLYG YN IA.

414. ROSA. Gen.pl. 803.

1. R. germinibus globosis glabris, caulibus adultis pedun»

culisque laevibus inermibus, foliolis (7) oblongis sub-
aequaliter serratis glabris, petiolis glabris subaculeatis.
— WiUd.sp. pl. 2. p. 1065.

Icon. Andrews's roses. Miss Laivr . roses 2J.

In Canada, near Hudson’s Bay, and on the river St. Lau-
rence. T? . May — Aug. v. v. The younger branches
are covered with straight red spines $ the older ones
unarmed and shining red.

2. R. germinibus depresso-globosis pedunculisque hispidis,

petiolis pubescentibus subaculeatis, caule glabro, acu-
leis stipularibus rectis, foliolis elliptico-lanceolatis sim-
pliciter serratis glabris, floribus subgeminatis. — IVilld.
sp. pl. 2. p. 1068.

R. carolina. Du Roi harhk. 2. p. 335. Mich.Jl. amer. 1.
p. 2 9.5.

R. pensylvaniea. JVangh. amer, p . 113.

R. humilis. Marsh, ari. 285.

In woods on the side of hills : New York to Carolina.
P? . June, July. v. v. About two feet high. There
are a number of varieties of this species.

3. R. germinibus globosis, calycibus pedunculis ramisque

hispidis, petiolis pilosiusculis inermibus, foliolis (7)
oblongo-lanceolatis utrinque nitidis glaberrimis. — •
Willd enum. 544.

In Pensylvania and Virginia, T? • June-— Aug. v. v.
Petals red, obeordate.

4. R. germinibus depresso-globosis pedunculisque subhispi-

dis, petiolis glabris subaculeatis, caule glabro, aculeis
stipularibus rectis, foliolis ovato-lanceolatis obtusius-
culis grosse serratis glabris nitidis, floribus subgeminis,
calycinis foliolis integris. — Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 1008.

R. carolina. Walt.jl. car. 149.

Icon. Dill. elih. t. 245. f. 310.

On the borders of swamps : New York to Carolina.

1 2 . July, Aug. v. v. From four to six feet high.

R. germinibus depresso-globosis pedunculisque glabris,
floribus subgeminatis, foliis oblongis acutis opacis, pe-?

ICOS ANDRI A FOLYGYNIA. Rosa.

tiolis venisque subtus pubescentibus, aculeis uncina-
tis infra axillaribus caulinis geminatis. — Willd. enum.
544.

On dry sunny hills : New England to Carolina. T? .
July, Aug. v. v. A low shrub ; flower red, large.

6. R. germinibus subglobosis glabriusculis, pedunculis his-
pidis, petiolis subaculeatis, caule glabro, aculeis spar-
sis rectis, foliolis (3—5) ovato-oblongis acutis ser-
ratis, supra glabriusculis, subtus tomentosis, superio-
ribus simplicibus, floribus subternatis, stipulis linea-
ribus, calycis laciniis tomentosis linearibus vix laci-
niatis.

In Tennassee. Lyon. Tj . July. v. s. in Heri. Lyon.
Flowers pale red j leaves small, with coloured veins.

f. R. germinibus globosis, petiolis nervisque aculeatis, ra-
mis glabris, aculeis geminis sparsisque, foliolis (3 — -5)
acuminatis glabris, calycitns foliolis subpennatim seli-
geris.— Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 2 95.

In swamps of Virginia and Lower Carolina. Ij . June,
July. v. v. c.fr . From five to eight feet high.

8. R. germinibus globosis pedunculisque subhispidis, pe-

tiolis pilosis subaculeatis, caule glabro, aculeis stipu-
laribus subuncinatis, foliolis (5 — 7) oblongo-lanceo-
latis acutis argute serratis subtus glaucis, floribus co-
rymbosis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1009.

R. corymbosa. Ehrh. beitr. 4. p. 21.

R. virginiana. Du Roi harlk. 2. p. 353.

R. pensylvanica. Mich.jl. amer . 1 . p. 2 96.

Icon. Andrews' $ roses. Miss Lawr. roses 3. 24. 36. 54.

66. 68.

In swamps and on the banks of ponds : New England
to Virginia. ^ • June, July. v. v. From five to six
feet high. There are a great number of varieties of this
species.

9. R. germinibus globosis pedunculisque hispidulis, calyci-

bus inexpansis muticis, foliis ternatis subtus pubescen-
tibus, petiolis glandulosis aculeatisque, caule glabro,
aculeis st ipularibus sparsisque subaduncis, floribus co-
rymbosis. Ait. kew. ed. 2 .t. 3. p. 260.

In North America. Mason. Ij . June, July. -f-.

IO. R. germinibus ovatis promisse hispidissimis, calycis laci-
niis integris, aculeis geminatis recurvis, petiolis sub-
aculeatis, foliolis (3 — 5) lanceolato-ovalibus subener-

34s

Lyonii ,

setigera.

carolina.

rulifcdia.

Icevigala ,

346

ICOSANDRIA FOLYGYNIA. Rosa.

suaveolens .

vlbus laevigatis, stipulis angustis subulato-mucronatis.

■ — Mich.fi. amer. 1 . p. 29 5.

In shady woods of Georgia. I? . v. v. s.Jl. An ever-
green climbing to a great height.

11. R. germinibus ovatis, pedunculis petiolisque glanduloso-
hispidis, petiolis subaculeatis, caule glabro, aculeis
sparsis rectis tenuibus, foliolis (5 — 7) ovatis serratis
subtus vix gianduloso-pilosis, ramulis unifloris, calycis
laciniis integris.

R. Eglanteiia americana. Andrews's roses , cum icone.

pendulina ,

12. R. inermis 5 germinibus oblongis, pedunculis petiolisque
hispidis, caule ramisque glabris, fructibus pendulis.
tVitld. sp. pl. 2. p. 1076.

Icon. Miss. Lawr. ros. 9. DHL elth. t. 245. f. 3 J 7-
Jn North America. T? . May, June. v. v. in Hortis.
Known by the name of Rose without Thorns. I never
have seen this plant in its indigenous state.

Idaeus .

415. RUBUS. Gen.pl. 864.

* Fruticosi.

1. R. foliis quinato-pinnatis ternatisque rhombeo-ovatis
acuminatis subtus tomentosis, petiolis canaliculatis,
caule aculeato-hispido, floribus subpaniculatis.r— IVilld.
sp.pl. 2. p. 1081.

Icon. FI. dan. 788.

In hedge-rows : Canada to Pensylvania. Ij . May,
June. v. v. The Wild Raspberry has a number of
varieties.

villosus.

2. R. pubescens, hispidus aculeatusque 5 foliis 3 — 5-digI-
tatis, foliolis ovato-oblongis acuminatis serratis utrin-
que pubescentibus, caulibus petiolisque aculeatis, ca-
lyce brevi acuminato, racemo laxo, pedicellis solita-
riis.— Wilid. sp. pl. 2. p. 1085.

In old fields and commons ; frequent : New England to
Carolina. Tj • June> July* v. v. Known by the
name of Black- berries.

strigosus.

3. R. inermis, rigide hispidissimus 5 foliolis 3. aut pinnato-
quinatis ovalibus basi obtusis acuminatis subtus line-
atis et candido-tomentosis, calycibus acuminatis, flo-
ribus in apice ramulorum axillaribus solitariis, pedun-
culis calycibusque hispidis. — Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 2 97.

R. pensylvanicum. Lam. encycl. 6. p. 246.

On the mountains : Canada to Virginia. . June, July.
v. v. An upright shrub j berries very agreeable to eat.

ICOS ANDRIA POLYGYNIA. Rubus.

4. R. glabriitscula ; foliis digitatis denis quinis ternatisque,

foliolis lanceolatis utrinque nudis argute serratis, caule
inermi, bracteis lanceolatis. — JVilld. sp.pl. 2 .p. 1085.

In rocky barren woods : Canada and New England. Jj .
June, July. v. v. Stem and old branches purple.

5. R. ramis petiolis pedunculisque tomentosis sparsim re-

curvato-aculeatis, foliis 3 — 5-digitatis, foliolis cuneato-
obovatis superne inaequaliter dentatis plicatis margine
integerrimo revolutis subtus tomentosis, racemis ter-
minalibus paniculatis, pedicellis divaricatis nudius-
cuiis,

R. parvifolius. JValt.fi. car. 14 g.

In sandy fields and woods : New Jersey and Carolina,
b . June, July. v. v. A straggling briar of a gray
aspect ; the berries hard and dry.

6. R. ramis petiolisque glaucis et aculeatis, foliis ternis ova-

libus acuminatis sublobatim duplicato-serratis subtus
eano-tomentosis, petiolis teretibus, aculeis recurvatis,
racemis terminalibus. — JVilld.sp.pl. 2. p. 1082.

Icon. Dill, elth t. 24J.fi. 319-

In rocky and mountainous situations : Canada to Caro-
lina. b • May, June. v. v. The stem is smooth,
and covered with a blueish dew. Berries black or red ;
known in the gardens by the name of Virginian
Raspberry.

/. R. sarmentoso-procumbens ; caulibus petiolis peduncu-
lisque setis rigidis hispidissimis, foliis ternatis inciso-
serratis nudis, intermedio pedicellato. — JVilld. sp.
pl. 2. p. 1 083 .

In Canada. Kahn . b* Resembles some of the

following species, particularly No. 9.

8. R. sarmentoso-procumbens ; petiolis pedunculisque re-
curvato aculeato-hispidis, stipulis subulatis, foliis ter-
natis quinatisve oblongo-ovahbus acutis inaequaliter
serratis subpubescentibus, pedicellis solitariis elongatis,
petalis obovatis calyce triplo longioribus. — Mich.fi.
amer. 1. p. 2 Qd.

In old fields, common : New England to Carolina, b .
May, June. v. v. Mowers large ; berries black,
large, and very agreeably tasting ; known by the name
of Dewberries.

Q. R. sarmentoso-procumbens j caule tereti petiolisque re-
curvato- aculeatis, foliis ternatis glabris inaequaliter

34/

canadensis.

cuneijolius.

occidentalis ,

hispidus .

trivialis .

flagellaris.

348

ICOSANDKIA POLYGYNIA.' RubUS,

inermis.

special ilis.

odoratus .

serratis,, intermedio ovato basi cuneato, lateralibus 1
rhombeis. — Willd. ervum. 549.

R. trivialis. Ait. kew. ed. 2. t. 3. p. 269.

In fields and sandy woods : Virginia and Carolina. I? .
June, July. v. v. The leaves are smaller, smooth,
and equal on the base ; petals more orbicular than
No. 8.

10. R. caule petiolis pedunculisque inermibus, foliis ternatis

ovatis acutis inaequaliter serratis subtus tomentosis,
lateralibus subincisis, stipulis setaceo-subulatis. —
Willd. enum. 548.

R. hispidus, Walt. -fi. car. 149 ?

In Pensylvania. 1 2 * + •

11. R. inermis glabra 3 foliis ternatis ovatis acutis duplicato»

inaequaliter serratis subtus pubescentibus, pedunculis
terminalibus unifloris solitariis, petalis ovatis.

On the banks of the Columbia. M. Lewis. On the
north-west coast. Menzies. Tj . April, May. v. s.
in Herl. Lewis, nec non Banks. The figure was taken
frqm a specimen in the collection of A. B. Lambert,
Esq.

Frutex elegans, 4-5-pedalis. Rami geniculati, subflexu-
osi, teretes, laevigati. Gemmae alternae, ferrugineae,
squamae obtusae. Folia e gemmis subfasciculata, ter-
nata. Foliola ovato-oblonga, acuta, inciso-duplicato-
serrata, supra glabra, subtus pubescentia, lateralia basi
obliqua, intermedio petiolato. Petioli pubescentes,
aculeo parvo recurvato uno alterove instructi. Stipulae
lineares. Pedunculi terminales u nidori solitarii. Flores
magnitudine R. odorati , profunde et amoene purpu-
rascentes. Calyx laciniis oblongis, brevi-acuminatis, '
pubescentibus. Petala ovata, calyce plusquam duplo
longiora.

12. R. inermis, erectus, viscido-hispidus ; foliis simplicibus

acute 3 — 5-lobatis, corymbis terminalibus divaricatis,
calycibus appendiculatis, petalis suborbiculatis.— - Willd.
sp. pl. 2. p. 1\0&5.

Icon. Bot. mag. 323. Mill. ic. 223. Corn, canad. 1. 159.

In the woods of Canada and on the Allegany mountains :
New York to Carolina. Pj . June, July. v. v. A
fine ornamental shrub ; flowers rose-coloured or crim-
son 3 berries yellow, of a very fine flavour and large
size, but scarcely ever produced in the gardens.

ICQSANDK I A POLYGYNIA, RubuS.

** Subherbacei.

13. R. herbaceus, pubescens ; flagellis reptantibus, foliis ter-

natis rhombeis acutis inciso-dentatis nudis, impari pe- /3
tiolato, floribus subternis, pedicellis elongatis. — Mich.

Ji . amer. 1. p. 298.

In Canada, and on the mountains of New York to Vir-
ginia. 1/. June, July. v.v. Berries small, black.

14. R. fruticescens, pilis rigidis hispidus ; foliis ternatis ro-

tundato-obovalibus serratis nudis, stipulis setaceis, ra-
cemis floriferis subcorymbosis paucifloris, bracteis
ovatis, pedicellis elongatis. — Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 298.
In swamps, among sphagnum, on the mountains : New
York to Carolina. %. May — July. v. v. Berries
with only a few large grains black and sweet.

15. R. herbaceus, pusillus; caule inermi subunifloro, foliis

ternatis glabris obtuse serratis, petalis subrotundis
emarginatis. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1088.

Icon. Engl. lot. 1585. Bot. mag. 132.

In Labrador and near Hudson’s Bay. 1/ . May, June.
v. s. in Herb. Lambert. ; v. v. in Hortis. Flowers of a
beautiful rose colour 3 berries amber, very delicious.

16. R. herbaceus, pusillus; caule inermi unifloro, foliis ter-

natis glabris argute serratis, petalis oblongis integris,
stylis approximatis. Smith exot. bot. 2. p. 53. t. 86.

R. acaulis. Mich.fl. amer. 1 . p. 298.

In bogs of Canada, and on the north-west coast. If. .
June, July. v. s. in Herb. Dickson . Resembles the
foregoing one very much.

17. R. herbaceus, pusillus, repens; foliis pedato-quinatis

incisis, pedunculis filiformibus medio bracteatis, ca-
lycibus glabriusculis reflexis. Smith ic. ined.f. 3. p. 63.
t. 63.

On the north-west coast. Menzies. %. v. s. in Herb .
Banks. Petals white ? This species may probably
belong to the genus Dalibarda.

18. R. herbaceus, pusillus; caule inermi unifloro erecto,

foliis simplicibus cordatis trilobis rugoso-venosis, pe-
talis lanceolatis. — - Willd . sp. pl. 2. p. IO89. Smith ic.
ined.f. 3. t. 64.

On the north-west coast. Menzies. %. v.s. in Herb.
Banks. Flowers purple.

19. R. herbaceus, pusillus ; caule inermi unifloro erecto.

saxatilis .
.canadensis.

obovalis .

arcticus .

pistillatus .

pedatus.

stellatus.

Chamcemn~

rus-.

350

IC05ANDRIA POLYGYNIA. RubuS.

foliis simplicibus subreniformibus rotundato-lobatfe,
petalis oblongis. — IVilld '. sp.pl. 2. p logo.

Icon. Engl. lot. /1 6. FI «ta/z. 1. Linn.fi. lapp. t. 5.

f- 1-

In sphagnous bogs of Canada, and on high mountains of
New England. If . May, June. v. v. Flowers
white ; berries yellow or amber-coloured.

repens.

4l6. DALIBARDA. Mich. Jl. amer. 1. p. 299.

1. D. villosa ; stolonibus reptantibus, foliis simplicibus cor-
datis crenatis, pedunculis unifloris. Lain, encycl. 6.
p. 250.

D. violacoides. Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 299.

Rubus Dalibarda. Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1090.

Icon. Mich. 1. c . t. 27. Smith ic. ined. t. 20. Lam. il~
lustr. t. 441./. 3.

In shady woods and bogs of Canada, and on the high
mountains of New England and Pensylvania. If . May,
June. v. v. Flowers white.

fragaroides.

2. D. foliis ternatis, foliolis cuneatis serrato* incisis ciliatis,'
pedunculis multifloris, calycis tubo obconico. — Mich.
fi. amer. 1. p. 300. t. 28.

Dryas trifoliata. Pallas in Heri. Lamlert.

In shady beech-woods of Canada, and on the Allegany
mountains. If. . May, June. v.v. Flowers yellow.

act ope tala.

417. DRYAS. Gen.pl. 868.

1. D. foliis ovato- oblongis grosse-dentatis rugosis subtus
niveo-tomentosis, pedunculis unifloris.-- Willd. sp. *
pl. 2. p. 1118.

Icon. Engl. lot. 45 1. FI. dan. 31.

On high mountains in the north-west parts of Canada.
If . July, Aug. v. s. Flowers large, white.

tenella .

2. D. microphylla ; foliis ovatis acutis basi cordatis integer-
rimis planis subtus niveo-tomentosis, pedunculis uni-
floris.

Icon. Egede , descrip, of Greenland , p. 42. t. B.f. 3.

On the white hills of New Hampshire. Prof. Peek.
If . July. v. s. in Herl. Banks . Flowers not half

the size of the former.

1C0SANDRIA POLYGYNJA.

3S1

418. GEUM. Gen. pl. 8 67.

1 . G. hirsutum 3 foliis omnibus interrupte pinnatis, impari strictum .

ampliore, foliolis ovatis dentatis, stipulis incisis, caly-
cis laciniis 5. alternis linearibus brevibus, floribus erec-
tis, petalis suborbiculatis calyce longioribus, aristis
nudis uncinatis. — Witld. sp. pl. 2. p. 1113.

G. canadense. Murr. in comment, goslt. 5. p.33.f. 4. B .

G. aleppicum. Jacq.ic.rar. 1. t. 93.

In wet meadows and bogs : Canada and New York. 1/ .

May, June. v.v. Flowers large, yellow.

2. G. hirsutissimum 3 foliis omnibus pinnatis, foliolis sub- agrimonoides *

aequalibus inaequaliter inciso-deo tatis, stipulis ovatis
subintegris, floribus erectis, calycis laciniis subaequa-
libus, petalis ovalibus longitudine calycis.

G. laciniatum. Murr . in comm. gcett. 5. p. 36. t.2}

On the rocky banks of the Susquehanna, Pensylvania,
and on the upper parts of the Missouri. 11 . June,

July. v. v. Flowers white.

3. G. pubescens j foliis radicalibus pinnatis, caulirtis terna- album*

tis, summis simplicibus trifidis, stipulis inferioribus
incisis, floribus erectis, petalis longitudine calycis,
aristis uncinatis nudis apice pilosis. — Witld. enum. 556.

G. canadense. Jacq. hort. 2. p. 82 . t. 1 75.

G. carolinianum. Walt.JL. car . 150 ?

On the banks of rivers : Pensylvania to Carolina. 11 .

June, July. v. v. Flowers white.

4. G. pubescens 3 foliis radicalibus caulinisque infimis ter- 1 nrginianum,

natis, superioribus lanceolatis, stipulis ovatis subinte-
gris, floribus erectis, petalis calyce brevioribus, aris-
tis uncinatis nudis apice pilosis tortuosis. — Witld. sp.
pl. 2. p. 1113.

Icon. Murr. in comm. goett. 5. p. 32.

In shady woods, common : Canada to Carolina. % .

July, Aug. v.v. Flowers white, very small.

5 G„ subpaniculatim multiflorum ; foliis caulinis subsessi- geniculatum ,
libus tripartitis, stipulis integris, petalis cuneato-ob-
cordatis, aristis prorsus pubescentibus medio genicu-
latis.-— Mich.jl. amer. 1. p. 300.

In Canada. Michaux. . -p .

6 . G. pubescens ; caule simplici, foliis radicalibus interrupte- rivale .

pinnatis, caulinis trifidis, floribus nutantibus, petalis
longitudine calycis, aristis plumosis superne nudius-

$52

ICOSANDRIA POLTGYNIA. Geum.

ciliatum .

radiatum .

Peek'd.

anemonoides .

culis minutissime uncinatis. — Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 11 1&-
Mich. fl. amer. 1. p. 301.

Icon. FI. dan. 722. Engl. lot. 10(L

In wet boggy meadows : Canada and on the New York
and Pensylvania mountains. % . June, July. v. v .
Flowers yellowish purple. The flowers are smaller,
the petals more rounded on the top, and the leaves with
deeper incisions, than the European plant : compared
in a living state, they may be found different species.

; 7 . G. pubescens 5 caule simplici, foliis glabriusculis mar-
gine ciliatis, inferioribus pinnatis, caulinis pinnatifidis,
superioribus palmatis : laciniis linearibus incisis, flori-
bus corymbosis.

On the banks of the Kooskoosky. If. . June. v. s. in
Herl. Lewis. An elegant species ; flowers resembling
those of No. 6.

8. G. hirsutissimum ; caule simplici, foliis radicalibus pin-

natis, impari amplissimo reniformi radianti-nervoso
dentato, caulinis amplexicaulibus inciso-1 aceris, pe-
dunculis axillaribus solitariis, aristis glabris apice sim-
plicibus.— Mich.Jl. amer. 1. p. 300.

G. camtschaticum. Pallas in Heri. Lamlert.

On high mountains of Carolina. Michaux . On the
north-west coast. Men%ies. Likewise a handsome
plant 5 flowers yellow.

9. G. glabriusculum j caule unifloro, foliis radicalibus re-

niformibus circinatis basi subtruncatis inciso-dentatis,
petiolis longissimis interdum appendicularis, petalis
longitudine calycis.

On the white hills of New Hampshire. Prof. Peck.
If. . July. v. s. in Herl. Banks.

10. G. glabrum; caule unifloro, foliis pinnatis, foliolis cu-
neiformibus apice dentatis, aristis rectis villosis. —
Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 111 7.

Dryas anemonoides. Pall, itin.3. app. n« Q2. nota 2.
t. Ee.f. 4.

Dryas pentapetala. Sp. pl. 71 7«

Caryophyllata Kamtschatica. Larn. encycl. 1. p.3Q5.

Icon. Egede, descrip, of Greenland , p. 42. t. 2.

On the north-west coast and the Kuril Islands. Merit .
%. July, v.s.in Herl. Lamlert. specimen Pallasia -
num .

J COS ANDRIA POLYGYNIA.

353

4ig. POT^NTILLA. Gen . pi. 8 66.

* Foliis ternatis.

1 . P. assurgens, glabriuscula ; stipulis subulatis, foliis ter-

natis oblongo-cuneiformibus apice tridentatis adpresso-
pilosiusculis, corymbo laxo paucifloro, petalis oblongo-
obovatis calyce longioribus. — Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 1 1 10.

Icon. Jit. hew. 2. t. 9. Engl, lot

On rocks in Canada and on the highest peaks of the Al-
legany mountains, particularly at Grandfather-moun-
tains, Carolina. 1/ . June, July. v. s. in Herb. Dick-
son ; v. v. in Hortis. Flowers white. According to
Willdenow, and the figure of P. retusa in the Flora
Danica, which is quoted as a synonym, the flowers
are yellow ; but this figure, if correct, presents most
certainly a different plant, as the petals are round, and
only the length of the calyx.

2. P. assurgens, hirsuta 5 stipulis ovatis integerrimis, foliis

ternatis, foliolis sessilibus approximatis ambitu inciso-
dentatis utrinque hirsutis, pedicellis paucis terminali-
bus elongatis unifloris, petalis cuneato-oblongis emar-
ginatis calyce duplo longioribus.

In Labrador. Colmaster. If.. v. s. in Herb. Dickson .
A small species ; flowers large in proportion.

3. P. assurgens, lanato-tomentosa 5 stipulis ovatis integerri-

mis, foliis ternatis, foliolis sessilibus approximatis am-
bitu inciso-dentatis supra hirsutis subtus niveo- tornen-
tosis, pedunculis paucis terminalibus unifloris, petalis
lato-obcordatis calyce vix longioribus. — IVilld. sp. pl. 2.
p. HO9.

Icon. Gmel. sil. 3. t. 36. f. 1. Gunn. norv. t. 3 , f 1.

In Labrador. Colmaster. % . June, July. v. s. in Heri.
Dickson. Flowers yellow.

4. P. assurgens, sericeo- villosissima $ stipulis latis membra-

naceis integerrimis, foliis ternatis, foliolis sessilibus
approximatis ambitu inciso-dentatis, supra villis nitidis
adpresso-villosis, subtus cano-tomentosis, pedunculis
brevibus aggregatis, petalis obcordatis calyce longio-
ribus.

P. villosa. Pallas in Heri. Lambert.

On the north-west coast. 1/. v. s. in Herb. Lambert.
This species approaches in general character very near
to the foregoing one, but in habit they 'differ striking-
ly ; the last is a more robust plant, covered with shin-
VOL. 1. 2 A

trident ata,

emarginala.

nivea ,

villosa.

$54

1C0S ANDRIA POLYGYNIA. Potentilla.

hirsuta „

ing silky hairs, and the flowers are more than 'double
the size of the former, which is a small plant covered
with a white woolly tomentum. It approaches also to
P. sulacaulis Willd. sp.pl. 2. p. 1111. according to
description, but Gmelin’s figure is extremely differ-
ent from it.

5. P. erecta, simplex, hirsutissima \ stipulis lanceolatis in-
tegris, foliis ternatis obovalibus laciniato- incisis, pani-
cula pauciflora, pedicellis brevibus, petalis calyce mi-
noribus.— Mich.fi. amer. 1. p. 303.

In Canada and the western parts of New York. 3/ .
July, Aug. v. v. Flowers white, small.

mrwegica.

6. P. erecta, ramosa, pubescens ; stipulis ovalibus dentatis,
foliis ternatis rhombeo-lanceolatis inciso- dentatis, ra-
mis dichotomis, pedicellis brevibus axillaribus solita-
riis, petalis calyce brevioribus. — Willd . sp. pl. 2.
p. 1109.

Icon. Fl.dan. 171.

In fields of Canada and New York. ©. June, July.
v. v. Flowers pale yellow.

pumila .

** Foliis digitatis.

7. P. erecta, subacaulis, pubescens ; foliis quinatis cunei-
formibus apice dilatatis incisis subtus lanuginosis, pe-
dunculis petiolo brevioribus simplicibus unifloris, pe-
talis rotundatis calyce vix longioribus. — Lam. encycl. 5.
p. 594.

In dry fields and pastures : Canada to Virginia. 1/ .
May — July. v.v. It has a strong resemblance to
P. verna ; flowers pale yellow.

canadensis.

8. P, procumbens, subramosa, candicanti-sericea $ stipulis
ovatis incisis, foliis quinatis cuneato-obovalibus inciso-
dentatis, caule adscendente hirsuto, pedunculis soli-
tariis elongatis, calycis laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, pe-
talis orbiculatis subintegris longitudine calycis. — Willd,
sp. pl. 2. p. 1100.

In fields and pastures, common : Canada to Carolina»
1/ . May— -Aug. v. v. Has the appearance of a
strawberry plant ; flowers bright yellow.

simplex.

9. P. erecta, simplex, hirsuta ; stipulis incisis, foliis quina-
tis oblongo-ovalibus grosse-serratis superioribus sessili-
bus, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis elongatis unifloris,
calycis laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, petalis rotundato-ob-
cordatis calyce longioribus,— Mich.fi. amer. 1. p.3Q3*

icosandria POLtGYNiA. Potentilla.

P. sarmentosa. Willd. enum. 554.

P. caroliniana. Lam. encycl. 5. p. 5Q5.

In fields, meadows, and dry woods : Canada to Carolina.

11 . May— Aug. v. v . Flowers yellow.

10. P. decumbens, filiformis, hirsuta ; stipulis lineari-oblon-

gis integris, foliis radicalibus septenatis quinatisque li-
neari-cuneiformibus dentatis, pedunculis axillaribus
solitariis unifloris, petalis retusis calycis longitudine,—
Willd. sp. pl.2.p.\\03.

Icon. Jacq. ic.rar. g 1.

In Labrador. 1/. June, July. a. s . in Herb . Banks.
Flowers yellow, small.

11. P. erecta, ramosa, glabriuscula ; foliis quinatis, foliolis

pinnatifidis, laciniis integris acutis, floribus terminali-
bus subcorymbosis.

Near Hudson’s Bay. 11 . v. s. in Herb. Banks.

12. P. erecta, ramosa, niveo-tomentosa ; stipulis ovatis acu-

tis, foliis quinatis cuneatis inciso-dentatis subtus to-
mentosis, floribus terminalibus corymbosis, petalis re-
tusis vix calyce longioribus,— Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 1101.
Icon. FI. dan. 805. Engl. lot. 89.

In Canada, and on rocks in New Hampshire and
Vermont. 2£. June, July, v. v. Flowers small,
yellow,

*** Foliis pinnatis.

13. P. erecta, ramosissima, hirsuta; stipulis ovatis integris,

foliis quinato-pinnatis, foliolis lineari-oblongis planis,
petiolis longis, ramulis 1-2-floris, calycis laciniis 5.
alternis linearibus, caeteris lato-ovatis acutis, petalis
obovatis calyce longioribus. — Willd. sp. pl. 2. p . 10p4.
Icon. Engl. bot. 88. Amm. ruth. t. iy.

On the banks of rivers in Canada, and on the waters
of the Rocky-mountains. Lewis. June— -Aug. v. v.
in Hortis ; v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers large, yel-
low. This shrub is from three to five feet high,

14. P. erecta, ramosissima, hirsutissima ; stipulis ovatis inte-

gris, foliis quinato-pinnatis, foliolis lineari-oblongis
margine revolutis, petiolis brevibus, corymbis termina-
libus dichotomis dense-multiiloris, calycis laciniis sub-
aequalibus, petalis subrotundis longitudine calycis,

P. fruticosa alpestris. Pallas in Herb. Lambert .

Icon. Amm . ruth. t. 18./. 1.

2 A 2

355

opaca.

dissecta.

'argenteae

fruticosa ,

Jloribunda -

356

icosANDRiA POLYSYNiA. Potentilla.

Anserina.

pensylvanica.

strigosa.

opinar

palustre.

In bog meadows and on the borders of lakes : Canada and
on the mountains of New York and New Jersey, fj .
July, Aug. v. v. This is a low-growing shrub, not
aboveeighteen inches high. Though it appears to be no
more than a variety of the preceding, the difference
of habit is so great, that I was persuaded to propose it
as a distinct species : both cultivated near one another,
will decide whether it shall be adopted as such or not.

15. P. repens j foliis interrupte-pinnatis numerosis inciso-
serratis sericeis subtus niveo-tomentosis, pedunculis so-
litariis unifloris. — IVilld. sp. pi. 2. p. 1095.

Icon. Engl, hot . 801.

On the banks of rivers and lakes : Pensylvania, New
York, and Canada. I/ . May — Sept. v.v. Flowers
yellow, large. Specimens from Labrador in the Her-
barium of A. B. Lambert, Esq. seem to differ in the
form of its petals from the European plant $ they are
obovate, and longer than the calyx.

10. P. erecta, mollissime subcandicanti-villosa ; foliis pinna-
tis, foliolis oblongis obtusis subsemi-pinnatifidis tomen-
tosis, panicula stricta multiflora, calycis tomentosi la-
ciniis semiovalibus. Mich.jl. amer . L p. 304. IVilld.
sp.pl. 2. p. IO99.

Icon. Jacq. hort. t. I89.

/3. P. cano-pubescens ; foliis pectinato-dentatis margine re-
volutis, floribus corymbosis.

P. strigosa. Pallas in Herb. Lambert.

Icon. Gmel. sib. ,3. t. 34. /. 1 .

In Canada and New England. /3. on the Missouri. 7/.
June. July. v. v. /3. v. s. in Herb. Lewis. Flowers
yellow. The variety (3. appears to be a distinct spe-
cies.

17' P. procumbens, dichotoma; foliis pinnatis, foliolis ob-
longis profunde dentatis, pedunculis lateralibus solita-
riis unifloris patulis.— Willd. sp. pl.2. p. IO99.

Teon Gmel. it. 1. t. 27. f. 2. Pluk.alm. t. WQ.f. 7*

In overflowed places, on the banks of rivers : Canada
to Pensylvania, principally in the western parts there-
of. ©. June— Aug. v.v. Flowers small, yellow.

420. COMARUM. Gen. pi. 869.

i . Comarum. Willd. sp. pi. 2. p. 1 1 19,

Icon. FI. dan. 636. Engl. lot. \J2,

icosAndria polygynia. Comarum.

357

In swamps : Canada and on the banks of rivers and lakes
in the western parts of New York and Pensylvania.
3/ . June, July. v. v. Flowers dark purple.

421. FRAGARIA. Gen.pl. 865.

1 . F. calyce fructus reflexo, pubescentia petiolorum paten-

tissima, pedunculorum adpressa. Willd. sp. pl. 2«,
p. 1090.

Icon. Engl. lot. 1524.

In Canada and New England. % . April, May. v . v.
The common Strawberry is frequently found wild.

2. F. calyce fructus patente, pubescentia petiolorum erecta,

pedunculorum adpressa, foliis supra glabriusculis.
'Willd. sp. pl. 2 .p. IO91.

F. glabra. Duham. ari. 1. t. 5.

In woods and fields, frequent : Canada to Carolina. 1/ .
April, May. v. v .

3. F. major 5 foliolis amplo-ovalibus, lateralibus manifeste

petiolatis, pedicellis longis recurvo-pendulis, recepta-
culis seminum globosis favoso-scrobiculatis villosis.
Mich. Jl. amer. 1 . p. 299.

In shady wet woods : Canada and on the Allegany
mountains. 1/ . April, May. v. v.

422. CALYCANTHUS. Gen. pl. 870.

1. C. laciniis calycis ianceolatis, foliis lato-ovalibus acutis

subtus tomentosis, ramis patentibus. — Willd. sp. pl. 2.
p. III9. Willd. enum. 5 5g.

C. sterilis. Walt.fl. car. 151.

Icon. Bot. mag. 503.

On the banks of shady rivulets : Carolina. T? • May—
July. v. v. The fragrant flowers are, as all the fol-
lowing, dark purple. This so much esteemed shrub
is generally known by the name of Carolina Allspice
or Sweet-scented Shrul.

2. C. laciniis calycis Ianceolatis, foliis ovato-laneeolatis acu-

minatis subtus glaucis pubescentibus, ramis patentibus.
— Willd. enum. 55Q.

C. fertilis. Walt. fi. car. 151.

Icon. Bot.rep.53g. Schmidt ari. 129.

In the mountains of Carolina. 1? * May— Aug. v. v.

vesca.

virginiana .

canadensis .

floridus .

glaucus .

3 ,$B

levigatus .

icosANDRiA polygynia. Calycanthus.

The scent of this species is not quite so agreeable as
the foregoing one, and more faint.

3. C. laciniis calycis lanceolatis, foliis oblongis vel ovalibus
sensim acuminatis subrugosis utrinque glabris viridibus,
ramis stricte erectis. — Willdi. enum. 55Q.

C. ferax. Mich. jl. amer. I. p. 30 5.

On the mountains of Pensylvania, Virginia, and Caroli-
na. • May — July, v . v .

END OF THE FIRST VOLUME,

Printed by Rickard Tay lot and Co., Shoe-Lane, London.

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