a (i ii yi! tie ‘4 aman ¢ alae iy, He A a tf ho ie ay iin i ; ip pe Eesha ie ta, sad 2/2 traf mi) ih ie iat by ‘ } { dar AE yl) al 7 iad ; att, ie Wet ue aii eel af, hs hid are AS {{ mth hide lis it a) Ail A ifs sie? ts ¥" eae is fi os ¢ ! 2 Tt, bh id Pdi ¢ th DENY i aie Hr #4 sett Ae len ii; Mn # tie itl tied a fA Hi a DAA aie sae, 1! ipo as ; Dye Tithing! fhe: eas Ti nny fh fi vy Hit aorals iff i i ip }. 13 a ia Ae ue Me HI Hs - le sy rie) wk a i i Mi is be a Wed ee hit oS a 4 ihe PAT ft oe a 4 ye Bi Mares {Gs @ tihY a. o i a J *93;, at ny ie He ry Hit bedae a} ae at oo is trey ‘4 ity i) i, ie Ae A 1a i Mf i i euits neues “4 lof. te df He af) ay fe jy ih Heh He A ir ut Hl, Wis GS eh ul la ue Rie orhaty bi Seay ales a : “ade tt ; ait era 4, H ; APT TEeAR i Maze 351 4 Fil a} it r 4 tee 4 ah id ye ip tt! Pi ina) ae oS Lap ae Ps} Ratit sit a? faeseellgy HK - Hf lh ie fe : i yr diasg?s ‘ fant rei A ae 3 Hiaspie ‘ Ast ate wba “is tlie vs Lh iii Ht it us a ua ; Me) Ip ie ae Ie SS >) () =6 o~— Ab} : he (AA i) Ue 4 Aj vA 7 -*; G=% oo“ ——— a a Wt” ; Ss ; yw ay i J gre. St petanehon ; prBARY . 7 Ni YORK i. BOTANICAL : GARDEN THE FLORA OF JAMAICA. +. CALYCIFLOR A, : F ( Continued.) ORDER LV. ROSACES. Sate — 4-5-lobed, generally persistent. Petals 5, equal, inserted on the calyx. | Stamens gene- rally indefinite, inserted with the petals ; filaments incurved during estivation ; anthers 2—celled, bursting longitudinally. Ovaries superior, either | solitary or several, 1-celled: styles lateral, dilated at the apex to form the stigmata. Fruit either i- , seeded nuts, or acini, or follicles containing se-. i veral seeds;seeds usually 1-2 in each carpel, ny, ‘A erect. or inverted, exalbuminose ; embryo straight. => ——~Herbaceous, shrubby, or arborescent: leaves alternate, “bie -stipulated at the base, simple or compound. ~~ 9 CALYCIFLORA. Tribe I. Chrysobalanea. SF CHRYSOBALANUS. Catyx bell-shaped, 5-fid. Petals 5, clawed. Stamens about 20, uniserial, subequal. Drupe plum-shaped ; putamen ovate, 6-sulcated, 6-valved, I-seeded 5 kernel fleshy, thick-——D C. Low trees; flowers racemed or panicled. Name from Xpvcos Gold, and 6arav0s an acorn ; in allusion to the size, colour, and form of the fruit. 1. Chrysobalanus Icaco. Cocoa Plum. Leaves subrotundo-obovate subemarginate, ra- cemes axillary dichotomous, stamens hairy. Frutex fructu ovali cceruleo, Catesb. Car. 1. 25. t. 25.-Icaco fructu ex albo rufescente; et Icaco fructu purpureo, Plum Gen, 44.—Chrysobalanus, Browne, Jam. 250. t. 17. f. 5.—Jacq. Am. 154. t. 94.—Kunth, Syn. Pl. iq. Ul. 483.—C. pellocarpus, Meyer. Primit. Essequeb. 193. HAB. Morass near Bybrook Estate, St. Thomas in the Vale. Cultivated. fl, March—May. After rains. A shrubby tree, about 12 feet in height: branches spreading, of a ferruginous colour, with white papillae. Leaves alternate, nerved, coriaceous, shining above, very glabrous: petiole short, incrassated. Racemes axillary, dichotomously branched, solitary, shorter than the leaf: common peduncle plane on the inner surface, rounded on the outer, puberulous ; terminal divisions 3-flowered. Flowers shortly pedicelled, white, crowded. Bracteoles ovato-lanceolate, deciduous, a pair below each flower. Calyx 5-partite ; divisions ovate, acute, puberulous, cili- ated, sub-persistent. Petals 5, white, obovato—oblong, o'stuse, scarcely longer than the calyx, deciduous. Sta- mens numerous; filaments compressed, hairy, length of the petals, persistent. Ovary subrotund, villous; style arising from one side of the base of the ovary, length of the stamens, villous; stigma obtuse. Fruit ovali-subrotund, size of a large plum, of a white, yellow, red, or purple colour, glabrous with exception of a few minute scatter- ROSACEA. 3 ed hairs: pulp adhering firmly to the shell, white, ofa sweetish slightly austere but rather agreeable taste : shell with the base lateral (i. e. not in the axis of the pedicel ), 6-sulcated at the base, and 6-valved, with each of the valves marked with a faint longitudinal ridge, reticulated. The c. pettocarrus of Meyer cannot be considered as distinct from the present species, the characters derived from the form of the leaves and fruit being uncertain and apt to vary. The Cocoa-plum grown in this Island is always of a brownish—-purple colour. It is considered astringent, and to be useful in bowel complaints. Prepared with sugar, it farms a favourite.conserve with the Spanish Colo- nists, and large quantities are annually exported from Cuba. The kernels yield a fixed oil, and an emulsion, made with them, is said to be useful in dysentery An astringent bath, recommended in leucorrhea and blennorrhea, is prepared from the leaves and roots. II. Hirrera. Calyx obtusely 5-lobed, generally at length re- flected. Petals 5, small, deciduous. Stamens &” -15 [very probably 5-15]; filaments long, twisted previous to estivation in a circle. Style from the base of the ovary, opposite to the stamens. Drupe sulcated, I-celled. Seed stipitate from the fun- dus, erect; albumen fleshy ; embryo straight 5 co- tyledons leafy.— Gertn. et D &, American shrubs: leaves entire, furtd hed with stipules ; racemes axillary or terminal, simple or e@##pound.— Name from uirtus, hairy; the plants belonging to the genus having more or less of this character. 1. Hirtellatriandra. South 4merican Hirtella. Flowers 3-androus, petals ovate, racemes com- pound axillary and terminal, rachis pubescent, leaves oblong acuminate subglabrous. Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. §08.-H.Americana, Jacq. Azer. S. ¢. & : Bis 7 . ‘ rt 4 CALYCIFLORZ. JAB. Mountain woods. Port-Royal Mountains. FL. August. . A spreading tree of moderate height; branchlets sub- terete, verrucose, villous towards the extremities. Leaves alternate, petiolate, subdistichal, about 3 inches in length, ovato-oblong, acuminate, entire, thin, smooth and some- what shining above, pubescent especially along the nerves — beneath: petiole very short, villous. Racemes terminal, : and in the axils of the subterminal leaves, compound, many-flowered, shorter than the leaves: flowers small, white, pedicelled, 3—4 together, furnished with minute subulate bracteze atthe insertion. Calyx 5- partite; divi- sions ovate, obtuse, externally puberulous, persistent. Petals usually on'y 3 (the place of two others being vacant), white, ovate, obtuse, deciduous. Stamens 3, long, capil- lary, spirally twisted and purple towards the extremity, broader at the base, compressed, puberulous, connected so as to form an urceolate nectary, with a vacant space for the two filaments which are deficient; anthers roundish, purple. Ovary compresso-declinate, villous ; style arising from-the side of the ovary, length of the stamens, hairy towards the base; stigma obtuse, green. Drupe, dry, oblong, truncated at the apex, large, compressed, 3-ribbed on each side, velutino-vilious, green, 1-celled, 1-seeded. The above description agrees pretty close'y with that of Swartz, except that the leaves are stated by him to be smooth and shining. and the petiole glabrous. He also describes the raceme as a half a foot in length, from considering, in my opinion incorrectly, the terminal and axillary racemes on each branch as constituting a sin- gle compound raceme.—The flowers are small and unattractive, and the wood is fragile. Tribe II. Amygdalee. Iii. Cerasus. Cherry.. - . Drupe globose or umbilicated at the base, fieshy, very smooth, destitute of a cheesy pollen: nut sub-globose, smooth.— DB C. Leaves when young conduplicated. Flowers either on 1-flowered pedicels, :nany together, umbellato—faseicula- ted, arising from a scaly bud, and more forward than the Jeaves; or brauched, terminal, and evolved after the ROSACEA. 5 Jeaves.— Name from Cerasus a town of Pontus in Asia, whence Lucullus is said to have introduced into Italy the cultivation of the Cherry, 73 years B. C. . Et 1. Cerasus Occidentalis. Prune Tree. Racemes lateral, stamens 25-26, leaves oblong acuminate very entire glabrous on both sides. Amygdalus foliis magnis, Nicolson’s Doming. 154— - Cerasus latiore folio, fructu racemoso purpureo majore, Catesb. Carol. Il. 94, . 94 7’—Prunus Occidentalis, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 925. HAB. Common in the woods ofthe interior. FL. February. A lofty tree; branchlets terete. Leaves 5-6 inches in length, and 2-2} in breadth: petioles angulated. Ra- cemes lateral, elongated, many-—flowered. Flowers rather large, yellowish-white, pedicelled. Calyx tur- binate; teeth erect, acute. Petals inserted between the teeth of the calyx, ovate, patent, subreflex, deciduous. Filaments 25-36, subulate, erect, inserted on an orange- coloured cup-shaped nectary, firmly adherent to the calyx: anthers oblong. Oyary globose, green, puberu- lous: style subulate, shorter than the stamens: stigma capitato-depressed. Drupe oblong, size of the common Plum of Europe, purple : nut smooth. The bark of this tree has an astringent taste, with a strong flavour of Prussic acid, and is used in manufactur- ing an‘inferior description of Noyau, known by the name of Prune-dram. It is from the kernels of the drupe that the celebrated liqueur, the Noyau of Martinique, is pre- pared. They yield a flavour much superior to that of the peach, being rich, oily, and nutty, combined with that of Prussic acid. The timber of the tree itself, istof a red colour, resembling cedar, and is very hard and durable, and, from its taking a fine polish, makes a beautiful flooring for houses. But it is not adapted for out door work, or where it is exposed to the weather ; for in such situations it very soon rots. 2 Cerasus spherocarpa, Round-Fruited Prune Tree. » Racemes axillary erect shorter than the leaf, 6 CALYCIFLOR.E. stamens 12-20, leaves very entire shining ovato- lanceolate, fruit subglobose. Amygdalus foliis parvis, Nicolson’s Doming. 154——-Myr- tifolia arbor, foliis latis subrotundis, florealbo, Sloane, Hist. I]. 79 t. 193. f. 1—Prunus spherocarpa, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 927.--Cerasus sphzrocarpa, Loisel. in Du- ham. ed. nov. V. 4,—Bot. Mag. 3141. IAB. Common, in the lower mountains. FL. February. A tree, 15-20 feet in height. Leaves alternate, petio- late, ovato-lanceolate with the apex blunt, indistinctly nerved, very glabrous, shining: petiole terete. Racemes axillary, solitary or rarely 2 together, much shorter than the leaves. Flowers sinall, numerous, shortly pedicelled, white, slightly fragrant: pedicels each furnished with a minute bractea at the insertion. Calyx turbinate, 5-ra- rely 4-toothed; teeth minute, patent. Petals 5, rarely 4, rounded, waved, slightly clawed, alternating with the teeth of the Calyx. Stamens 12-20, rather longer than the petals; filaments subulate, submonadel phous at the base, inserted into the cup-shaped yellow nectary, adherent to and covering the inner surface of the tube of the calyx. Ovary ovate: style length ofthe stamens: stigma capi- tato-depressed. Fruit spherical, size of a small cherry, purple, ripening in August: kernel of a warm acrid taste, witha strong flavour of Prussic acid. The flowers of some trees of this species are imperfect, and in such the fruit is never perfected. IV. Rusvus. Bramble. ’ Calyx 5-cleft, naked. Petals 5. Stamens @ Fruit superior of several single-seeded juicy drupes with sublateral styles, placed ona _ protuberant spongy receptacle. : Shrubs, or more rarely herbaceous plants: stems bien- nial, im general prickly; usually growing in hedges, or in waste places. The fruit of all the species is edible.— is ame derived from the Latin ruse. 1. Rubus Jamaicensis. Janiaica Bramble or Black-berry. Stem anguloso-sulcated villous, prickles scat- ROSACEA. aq tered recurved, leaves 5-3-nato-palmate sericeo— villous, leaflets elliptico-ovate attenuato-acum- inate finely serrated, flowers panicled, sepals ex- ternally niveo-sericeo-tomentose. Rubus foliis longioribus subtus molli lanugine obductis et incanis, flore et fructu minoribus, Sloane II. 109. t. 213. f. 1.—R. aculeatus, Browne, 342.--R. Jamaicensis, . Swartz. obs. 205. HAB. Common in the mountains. FL. Throughout the year, but principally during the Spring and Summer. A shrub, with long trailing branches. Leaflets 5, more rarely 3, unequal, petiolulated, penni-nerved with recurved hooked prickles along the under surface of the mid-rib, villous and silky above, hairy and tomentose beneath: common petiole elongated, 3-gonal, villous, with hooked recurved prickles beneath. Stipules setaceous. Panicle terminal; branches subsimple: flowers white, pedicelled ; bractez at the divisions of the panicle and at the base of the pedicels, lanceolate, acute. Sepals lanceolate. Petals roundish, concave, slightly clawed. Stamens numerous. Styles many: stigmata subcapitate. Fruit globular, rather smaller than that of the common bramble (x. rruricosus) of Europe. The fruit of this species is very palatable, and is em- ployed for tarts and other sweetmeats. Infused in spirit, with the bruised kernels of the West India Prune-tree ( cz- RASUS OCCIDENTALIs), and sweetened with sugar, a liqueur is obtained, not inferior to, and not to be distinguished from the Copenhagen Cherry Brandy which is imported into this Island from St. Thomas. The fruit of an allied species (R. occIDENTALIS), dried and powdered, is recommended for Dysentery, (Bulletin des Sciences Medicales, XIX 129), and the root was considered by the Oneida Indians as a specific for the same complaint. 2. Rubus Alpinus. Alpine Bramble. Stem anguloso-sulcated glabrous prickly, leaves 3—nato—palmate glabrous ovate attenuato-acu- minate serrated, calycine divisions lanceolate sparingly woolly. HAB. The higher mountains. FL. Middle of the year. ~ CALYCIFLOR” In its mode of growth, it resembles the preceding. Branches glabrous, angular, coloured, armed with re- curved prickles. Leaves pinnato-ternate; leaflets ovate attenuated at the apex, sharply serrated, armed on the un- der surface of the mid-rib with curved prickles, glabrous. Stipules setaceous. Flowers panicled, numerous, white, with a purplish tinge; branches slightly woolly. Caly- cine segments lanceolate, slightly wooily. Fruit smaller than in the preceding species, but of a deeper purple. This is very readily distinguished from the preceding species by the almost entire absence of woolliness, and by the purvle tinge of the branches and panicles. ORDER LXVI GRANATE. Calycine tube turbinate ; limb 5-7-fid 5 cestiva- tion valvular. Petals 5-7 Stamens m; anthers on the fore part of the filament, 2-celled, Style filiform ; stigma capitate, papiilose. Fruit crown- ed with the subtubulose limb of the calyx, and with the outer rind formed by the same ; indehis- cent, divided into two unequal chambers by a horizontal diaphragm ; the upper chamber subdi- vided by membranaccous partitions into 5-9 cells; the lower one into’ cells. Seeds innumerable, berried in a pellucid subcristalline pulp, exalbu- minous; embryo oblong; radicle short, straight ; cotyledons leafy, spirally convoluted. Low trees or shrubs, with branches subtetragonal and subspinescent ; and with leaves impunctate, and destitute of a marginal nerve.—This order was established by Mr. Don, and has been adopted by De Candolle. It compre- hends only two plants, the common and the Dwarf Pome- granate. They have been more recently replaced among the Myrtacez, and Dr. Lindley has given it as his opinion, that they do not require to be distinguished from the true members of that tribe, even as a section. Notwithstanding this, I prefer, for obvious reasons, retaining the arrange- of De Candolle. o/- o) GRANATEA. . 9 I Punica. Pomegranate. The generic character is the same as that of the Order. The name, according to some Authors, is derived from PUNICEA scarlet, the colour of the flowers. Others again refer it to Punicus, and thatit was so called from the cir- cumstance that the tree was first cultivated extensively in the neighbourhood of the ancient Carthage, and that hence the fruit received the name of MALUM pUNICUM Or Carthagenian apple. 1 Punica Granatum. Common Pomegranate. Leaves lanceolate, stem arborescent. De Cand. Prod. Ul. 8. HAB. Cultivated. FL, Throughtout the year. The Pomegranate is originally a native of Syria, It appears to have been introduced into this island at a very early period after its settlement by the Spa- niards. It isa shrub about 10 feet in height. The flowers are very showy ; are either scariet or more rarely white, and single or double. The common or single red va- riety is very generally cultivated, especially in Kingston, and its vicinity, anu the fruit acquires great perfection, being of an agreeabie flavour, and weighing sometimes, according to Lunan, a pound and a half. The double red, and the single and double white, have been introduced, but the heat of the climate does not appear to agree with them, and | have or late lost sight ofthem. The Pomegranate is piincipally cultivated for the sake ofthe Fruit, which deserved'y claims a place at the dessert. The seeds are surrounded by a transparent reddish pulp of a sweetish but astringent taste, peculiary grateful in a tropical climate. Several parts of the plant have also been used inmedicine. The root, and especially its bark, is a power- ful remedy for Tape-worm, and was recommended as such by Dioscorides, Pliny, and Celsus. It does not however appear to have again attracted notice as an article of the Materia Medica, until attention was called to it, by Dr. Buchanan, in the 3d volume of the Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal, as a powerful vermifuge in com- 10 CALYCIFLORA. mon use from time immemorial in India. As to the mode of administering, the directions given by Celsus are; “ Cum pridie multum allium ederit, vomat postcroque die, mali punicis tenues radiculas colliegat quantum manu comprehendet; eas contusas in aque duobus sextarlis decoquat, donec tertia pars supersit; huic adjiciat nitri panlum et jejunus bibat.” It is directed, in the Dictionnaire de Matiere Medicale that two ounces of the fresh root be boiled in a pint and a half of water to one pint, a third of which is to be adose, and repeated every hour till the whole istaken. It is recommended to be adminis- tered in the morning, on an-empty stomach, and followed by a dose ofoil. In the same woik it is stated that this decoction has been employed asa remedy for the round worm and asvarides, and it has been found superior to any other medicine. It may be given for the round worm in doses of two drachms—to half an ounce; and for the as- carides it ought to be given in injection. When the root isdried, a smaller proportion of it isto be used in preparing the decoction. The effects of an over dose are, sickness at the stomach, giddiness, uneasiness in the bow- els, and sometimes headache. Dr. Elliotson considers, the bark of the rootin the state of powderthe most effectual form. From one to two drachms may be given three times daily, followed, the ensuing morning, by a dose of oil. The rind ofthe fruit has.also a place in the Materia Medica. It is very astringent, containing gum extract, and tannin or tannic acid. A decoction prepared from it has obtained a place in the London FPhar- macopeia for 1835. Two ounces of the rind are directed to be boiled in a pint and a half of dis- tilled water to one pint: the dose of the strained Li- quor is from half an ounce to an ounce. It has been found useful not only in cases of Tapeworm, but alsoin dysentery, and leucorhhea. The blossoms or flowers, called balausttum, Pliny in- forms us, were employed in his. time as medicinal, and in dying cloth. The infusion is occasionally used as a vehicle in gargles and for astringent mixtures. The Pomegranate appears to have been very common in Palestine, and must have attained as a tree a considerable height, as we read in 1. Samuel 14. 2. “ That Saul tar- ried in the uttermost part of Gibeah, under a pomegranate tree, which is in Migron.” The fruit was at that time highly esteemed, and we accordingly find frequent allu- vy ORare ee , | MEMECYLEA. 11 sions to it in the similitudes employed in Scripture. The blue robe or ephod of the High Priest, was embroidered with pomegranates, and the chapiters of the pillars in the Holy of Holies were ornamented with representations of them. ORDER LXVII MEMECYLE, Calycine tube ovate or subglcbose, adhering to the ovary; limb short, 4-3-lobed or 4-5 toothed. Petals 4—5, inserted into the calyx, and alternate with its lobes. Stamens 8-10 or double the num- ber of the petals; filaments free: anthers-2-celled. Berry 2-4 celled : seeds few, exalbuminose : coty- ledons leafy, convoluted : radicle straight. Intertropical shrubs, with simple leaves, and axillary flowers. This has been united by Dr. Lindley with the MELASTOMACE. 1. Movriria. Calyx bi-squammose at the base, with the limb urceolate and 4-toothed. Petals 5, broad at the base, inserted on the calyx, alternate with its teeth, contorted during estivation. Stamens 10, subunequal; anthers biporose at the apex. Ovary subglobose: style filiform: stigma capitate. Berr crowned with the calyx, globose, l-4-celled, 1-4- seeded. Name from mouriria the native name of M. GUIANENSIS. 1. Mouriria myrtilloides. Stlver-wood. Leaves subsessile ovate attenuated oblique at the base, pedicles solitary 1-flowered. 12 CALYCIFLORA. Myrti foliis arbor cortice argenteo? Sloane, Hist. Il. 78 t. 187. f. 3.—Arbor follis cordatis myrtineis oppositis, bacc's dispermis; Browne Jam. 370.—Petaloma myr- tilloides, Swartz. Fl. Ind. Occ. U. 833.—Mouriria myr- tilloides, DC. Prod. III. 7. HAB. St John’s hills. FL. April. May. There appears reasons for doubting whether the plant of Swartz, be identical with that of Sloane and Browne. The latter describe their plant as being a tree, twenty feet in height. AsI have not met with the plant,I give the description of Swartz. A shrub, 2 -3 feet in height, with the bark ferrugineous with silvery white spots: leaves subsessile, ovate, nerve- less, entire. Peduncles axillary, soli‘ary, longer than the petiole, 1-flowered. Flowers rather large, white. Calyx urceolate, 5-fid: divisions patent, reflected, persistent. Petals 5, shortly clawed, oblong, acuminate, patent, de- ciduous. Stamens 10: filaments subulate, erect: anthers rather large, biporose, yellow. Style rather thick, curved at the apex : st#2ma obtuse. Berry ovate, 1-seeded, black, shining. « CRDER LAVIT COMBRETACE. IFlowers hermaphrodite, rarely, from abortion, polygamous. ‘Tube of the Calyx adhering to the ovary; limb 4-5-lobed. Petals none, or 4-5, al- ternating with the lobes of the calyx, inserted on the apex of the tube. Stamens with a similar insertion: anthers 2-celled, opening by 2 longi- tudinal clefts. Ovary I-celled; ovules 2-4, pen- dulous from the apex: style 1; stigma simple. Fruit drupaceous, berried, containing a nut, I- celled, by abortion l-seeded, indehiscent, general- ly furnished with wings: seed pendulous, filling the cavity of the pericarp, exalbuminose: embryo COMBRETACEA 13 with the radicle directed towards the hilum; plumule inconspicuous ; cotyledons leafy, usually convolute, occasionally plaited. Trees or shrubs: Jeaves without stipules, entire: spikes axillary or terminal. Natives of Tropical countries. The bark of several of the species is astringent and used for tanning, and the timber is durable and much esteemed. 1 Buca. Calyx with the limb campanulato-urceolate, 5-toothed, deciduous. Petals O. Stamens 10, arranged in two rows; 95 at the base of the limb, and five longer between the divisions; anthers didymous. Style subulate. Drupe berried: nut angulated ; ovules 2; seed 1, cylindraceo-oblong. West-India trees. Leaves scattered, collected at the end of the branchlets: peduncles axillary: flowers spiked, or capitate. Name from ¢:; an Ox; the form of the ripe fruit bearing a resemblance to the horn of that ani- mal. 1. Bucida buceras. Olive-bark tree. Leaves cbovate wedge-shaped obtuse glabrous, flower-spikes cylindrical, rachis appresso-ser'- ceo-pubesent. Mangle julifera, foliis subrotundis versus summitatem latissimis confertim nascentibus, cortice ad coria densan- da utili, Sloane, Jam. Hist. Il. 67. t. 189. f. 3.—Buceras, Browne, Jam. 221. t. 28. f. 1.—Bucida buceras, Swartz, Obs. 180. HAB. Sea shore, in marshy situations. Near the Ferry Inn. Port-Morant. FL. Spring. A Tree, 20-30 feet in height: branches horizontally spreading, divaricating, terete, smooth, striated. Leaves crowded at the bifurcation and at the extremities of the branches, petiolate, obovate, entire, coriaceous, obscurely nerved, glabrous, but when young sericeo-pubescent on the 14 CALYCIFLORZE. under surface. Spikes axillary, longer than the leaves, many flowered: peduncle terete, appresso-sericeo-pub- escent on the under surface. Flowers yellowish. Calyx campanulate: limb 5-toothed, deciduous. Petals OQ. Stamens 10, twice the length of the Calyx. Ovary de- pressed, 10-strieted at the base: style subulate, hairy at the base. Berry dry, 1-celled, crowned with the trunca- ted remains of the limb of the calyx: seed single, ovate, The specific designation, Buceras. bull’s horn, is applied, from a long spongy horn-shaped excresence, probably from the perforation of some insect, being produced from the extremities of the branches. I must however ac- knowledge, that although I have looked for this in many individuals of the species,] have never yet met with it. This is an excellent timber tree, and the wood is frequent- ly employed by cabdinet-makers in manufacturing ornas mental and fancy articles of furniture. The bark is em- ployed in tanning ; but the tree is by no means common, and on that account is unable to supply the demand. Sloane informs us that in his time the bark was used “in tanning of sole leather.” 2. Bucida capitata, Yellow Sanders. Leaves obovate wedge-shaped at the base emar- ginate or rounded at the apex, vil!oso-ciliated when young, flowers crowded in sub-globose spikes. » Cucurbitifera arbor forte, foliis subrotundis confertim nascentibus, ramulorum extremitatibus tumidis, Sloane I, 176. t. 228. f. 3.—Hudsonia arborea, Hort. Jam, Il. 310. —Bucida capitata, Vahl. Ecl. I. 50 t. 8. HAB. Port-Royal Mountains, where the white lime- stone prevails. FL. April. A tree usually lofty, 30-60 feet in height, of a hand- some port; branches horizontal ; branchlets ferrugineo— tomentose, tuberculated with the scars of the old leaves which have dropt off Leaves 12 or more together, crowded, at the ends of the branchlets, petiolated, an inch and a half long, and scarcely one broad, round and occa- sionally emarginate at the apex, leathery, shining, glab- rous and green above, pubescent beneath; the young leaves villoso-ciliated and aureo-villous along the mid-rib ; 4 a . COMBRETACEA. 15 and nerves, and appresso-pubescent beneath: petiole short, compressed. [Peduncles about six together, below and close to the cluster of young leaves, nearly an inch in length, compressed, aureo-tomentose, each bearing a glo- bular head of flowers, pendulous: flowers small, yellow- ish, very shortly pedicelled, inserted into small excava- tions at the extremity of the peduncle. Calyx urceolate, edentulous or obscurely 5-toothed. Stamens 10, erect, inserted on the sides of the calyx; 5 of them scarcely longer than the calyx; the other 5 nearly twice the length. Ovary villous ; style length of the longer stamens; stigma acute. Drupe size and shape of an clive, green, oblong ; nut oblong, compressed, hexangular, 1-celled, 1-seeded. This tree sheds its leaves, and at the same time the fruit drops, early in the year, and for a time the branches re- main naked. The young leaves, which lave a silky russet appearance, and the flowers,are produced during the months of May and June. This tree, according to Robinson has received the name of Negressee trom the Negroes. The bark has an aromatic astringent bitter taste,and a decoction of it, we are informed, has been employed as a remedy for the complicated diseases, re- sembling constitutional syphilis, to which the African race is so subject. The wo8d is of a yellow colour, is durable, and, being of a close grain, takes a fine polish. It is em- ployed to make bedsteads, and other furniture. ll. TeRMINALIA. Flowers, by abortion, generally polygamous. Limb of the calyx deciduous, bell-shaped, 5-fid with the lebes acute. PetalsO. Stamens 10, biserial, longer than the calyx. Ovary bi-ovuled ; style filiform, subacute. Drupe not crowned with the calyx, generally juiceless, indehiscent, one-seeded; seed amygdaloid; cotyledons spi- raliy convoluted.--DC. Trees or shrubs, natives of the Tropics. Leaves usu- ally in bunches at the termination of the branches. Flow- ers in a spike: spikes racemose or panicled; 3 flowers situated at the lower, ¢ at the upper portion of the spike. ——Named from the leaves being collected in clusters at the termination of the branches. 16 CALYCIFLOR A, J. Terminalia Catappa, St. Helena Almond. Leaves elongato---obovate in the adult subglab- rous (ferr ugineo-spubescent on the under surface in the young leaves), an obscure glandule on each side of the mid-rib towards the base, ss com- pressed. Amygdalus Indica, Raw Hist. 1521.-Terminalia Ca- tappa, Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 197.--Hooker, Bot. Mag. t. 3004, HAB, Cultivated. Common. FL. June—Augvst. A Tree, 30-50 feet in height. Leaves 6-12 inches long, with the margin thickened, and involuted beneath towards the base, and in the young leaves provided with minute brown glandular deciducus teeth. Disk of the calyx in- ternally villous, persistent. Stamens; 5 of them opposite to the calycine lobes, with their insertion low in the calyx; the 5 in the indentations with their insertion higher, and hence they are apparently longer: filaments white, glabrous; anthers ovate, yellow. Ovary villous. Fruit about 2 inches in length, ovali-orbiculate, com- pressed, almost winged at the edges. According to Sir William Hooker’s observations on a flowering specimen obtained from the Liverpool! Botanic Garden, the leaves are, especially on the under surface, pubescenti-tomentose. ‘T'his may be ascribed to the cir- cumstance of their having been produced tn a close Hot- house, where the downy covering, which is deciduous, would be much longer retained, than in the open air ex- posed to the breeze and the rain. This Tree is a native of the East Indies, the Isle of France, &c. It was introduced into this Island from St. Helena, in H. M. S. Providence, 1798, and is now very common. The fruit. from the hardness of the shell, is scarcely ever made use of. We are informed however, that it is served up at the first tables in India, and that the Natives, obtain an expressed oil, and make an emulsion from the kernels, and employ an infusion of the leaves as a remedy in cholic. The taste of the fruit resembles that of the sweet almond. The wood is white and hard, The tree itselfis very ornamental; thestem erect, and the branches spreading horizontally. It has a very re- markable and beautiful appearance previous to shedding COMBRETACE. 17 its leaves, which at that time change to a deep blood red colour. 2. Terminalia latifolia. Broad Leaf. - Leaves alternate obovate obtuse glabrous eglandulose, drupe fleshy ovate cymbiform. Arbor maxima, forte prunifera, cortice cannabino, folio longissimo latissimoque, Sloane, Ul, 130.—Terminalia latifolia, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 747. HAB. Manchester. North-Side F.L, May. | A lofty forest-tree. 80-100 feet in height. Stem straight, 40-€0 feet before giving off a branch, 2-3 yards in diameter; bark thick, sulcated, ash-coloured, coming off in long pieces: branches horizontal. Leaves in clus- ters at the end of the branches, wedge-shaped at the base, large, 8 10 inches long, and 4 broad near the point: pe- tioles of moderate length, terete, thick, Racemes termi- nal, produced from the axils of the leaves, and of the same length, solitary, erect, many-flowered. Flowers crowded, sessile, small, whitish, polygamous. 3 Fls. occupying the lower partof the raceme. Drupe large, ovate, acuminate, cymbiform (with one side slightly compressed, the other more convex) coriaceous, when ripe greenish-red, sweet: nut very hard: kerrel ovate, very white, with the taste of the sweet almond. ¢ ls. smaller, more numerous, deciduous. Pistil O. This is a very common tree in certain districts. The timber is valuable, and it splits readily into shingles, which last from twelve to fifteen years. I have been informed that the bark is adapted for tanning leather. 3. Terminalia arbuscula, Dwarf Broad Leaf. Leaves scattered ovato-lanceolate entire short- ly petiolate, younger leaves pubescent, after- wards glabrous, spikes length of the leaves. Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 750. ; B. Mountain districts, Northside. A shrub, an ell in height. Stem erect, very much branched, smooth. Leaves situated principally -at the 18 CALYCIFLOR ZA. ends of the branches, Racemes terminal, axillary (7), . solitary, many-flowered, length of the leaves, erect ; flow- ers sessile, minute. Calyx 5-toothed, internally villous contracted towards the limb, urceofate. Stamens 10, ex- serted, Fruit unknown. This species must be rare. If does not appear to have been met with by any Botanist, with the exception of Swartz. Ill. Conocarrpvus. Button Tree. Calyx 5-fid, deciduous. PetalsO. Stamens 5-10, exserted: anthers cordate. Ovary com- pressed, bi-ovuled : style 1, simple. Fruit suber- ose, coriaceous, scale-like, closely imbricated, indehiscent: seed 1,pendulous; cotyledons in- voluted. Trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate, entire: flowers small, yellowish, in heads. JVame from «oves a cone, and kapros a fruit. 1. Conocarpus erecta. Upright Button Tree, or West India Alder. Leaves lanceolate attenuated at both ends fre- quently biglandulose at the base, heads of flowers racemed. Alni fructu, laurifolia arbor maritima,, Sloane, II. 18. t. 161. f. 2.—Rudbeckia laurifolia maritima, Anun. Herb. 581.—Innominata, Plum. Ic. 135. t. 144, f. 2.—Alnus maritima, Pluk. alm. 18. t. 140. f. 3.--Conocarpus Man- ghana, Catesb. Cur. ll. 33. t. 38.—C. erecta, Jucq. Amer. TSC t. tera. HAB. Common along the sea-shore. F.L. Autumn. A low tree, 10.80 feet in height, much branched: brancnes coloured, towards the extremity angulose, green, glabrous. Leaves irregularly alternate, lanceolate, acu- minate at both ends, entire, thickish, almost nerveless, gla- brous, greasy to the toueh: petiole short, occasionally with a sessile subrotund depressed glandule at the base ot the attenuated port.on of the leaf, sometimes on one, at COMBRETACE. 19 ‘other times on both sides, or not unfrequently awanting. Racemes terminal, solitary, longer the leaves: flowers collected into’a peduncled globular head, minute, sessile, yellow. Calyx 5-fidy divisions small, erect, acute. Sta- mens 5, of the same length as the calyx, alternating with its divisions. Ovary compressed: style twice the length of the calyx: stigma obtuse. Fruit orbiculate. scale-like, closely imbricated, compressed, concave on one side, con- vex and incano-tomentose on the other or outer side ; margin expanded: seed lanceolate. This ‘ree has received the name of Zaragoza Man- grove, from the Spaniards. It is common along all the shores of the Islands and Continent of Tropical America. "4 - TV. DLacuncuaria. Calyx persistent, subcampanulate, 5-partite 5 lobes obtuse. Petals 5, minute, patulous, cadu- cous. Stamens 10, in two rows, included. Style subulate: stigma capitate. Nut margined, cori- aceous, crowned with the calyx, valveless, one- seeded: cotyledons convoiute; radicle very long. There is only one species hitherto referred to this genus. —IlName, derived from Laguncuta a pitcher, the fruit having some resemblance in figure to a vessel ot that des- cription. 1. Laguncularia racemosa, White Mangrove. Mangle julifera, Sloane, II. 65. t. 187. f. 1.--Conocar- pus, Browne, 159—C. racemosa Jacg. Amer. 80. t. 53.— Swartz, Obs. 79.—Laguncularia, Gertn. f. Carp. 209. t. 217. HAB. Common in marshy situations, near the sea- side. F.L. October. A shrubby tree, about 12 feet in height, branching low down inthe stem: branches opposite, slightly compressed towards the extremities, glabrous, coloured. Leaves op- posite, shortly petiolate, elliptic, rounded at the apex, sub- emarginate, entire, glabrous, greasy to the touch, obscure- ly penninerved: petiole biglandulose near the leaf. Raceme terminal, usually dividing near the base into three branches ; the lateral branches opposite and simple; 20 CALYCIFLORZ. | _ + om the centre branch sub-divided into three branchlets, if: which are simple, the central one being the oe " Peduncle and its divisions compressed, minutely puberu- lous. Flowers sessile, white, with a faint but not unplea- sant odour; each with an ovate concave deciduous brac- _ tea. Calyx externally puberulous, with a pair of minute lanceolate bracteoles at its base. Petals very small, al- ternating with the calycine segments, rounded, concave, minutely puberulous, caducous. Stamens 10. Ovary compressed, obovate, incano-—-puberulous, maiked with 10 striz : seed 1, germinating within the nut. 4 This is a common tree in most of the sandy bays, and along the margin of lagoons throughout the Island. The Spaniards call it MANGLE Boso or foolish mangrove. lt is known in this country as the white mangrove. The bark possesses tanning properties, though not in a very powerful degree. Mr. Bell, who has conducted a Tannery in the vicinity of Kingston for many years, informs me that he finds it useful when combined with the pods of the Divi-divi, in order to qualify the too active tanning prin- ciple of the latter. Tribe Ii. Combretee. V. CompBrerum. Calyx infundibuliform, 4-lobed, deciduous. Pe-_ tals 4. Stamens &, biserial; the 4 which are op- posite to the petals being higher in their insextion, and much exserted. Ovary 2-3-ovuled. Style exserted, acute. Fruit 4-winged, I-celled, I- seeded, indehiscent. Seed angled, pendulous: cotyledons with a middle fold, reflexed, cruciato- divaricated. Subscandent shrubs or trees. —The name ComsBreTuM Was given to a climbing plant by Pliny. 1. Combretum laxum. Red Withe. _ Unarmed scandent, leaves opposite oval acu- minate glabrous, spikes opposite ebracteated, the — terminal one peduncled, calyx internally villous, fruit 4-winged.—DC. ; ; EN ta eT RHIZOPHORES. 21 - Swartz, Obs. 143 Jacq. Amer. 104. HAB. Thickets, at the West end of the Island. F.L. December. A scandent shrub, with a strong stem about two inches in diameter, reaching to the height of 30-50 feet, support- ing itself on neighbouring trees: the bark of a reddish brown colour, and hence the common designation. Leaves large, 5-19 inches in length, entire, strong- ly nerved, glabrous. Flowers numerous, pedicelled, small, albo-lutescent in colour. Petals 4, shortly clawed. Capsule oblong, tetragonal, quadri-alate, 1-celled ; sceds quadrisulcate, rugose. Dr. Anthony Robinson, in his manuscript work mentions that this plant is common in the woods and morasses near Paul-Island, Westmoreland. ORDER LXX. RHIZOPHORE. Calycine tube adhering to the ovary; limb 4-13-lobed. with the lobes valvate—Petals insert- ed on the calyx, alternate with its lobes. Sta- mens inserted with the petals, of the same num- ber, or its multiple: filaments free, subulate: anthers ovate, inserted at the base. Ovary bilo- cular: cells bi-or multi-ovuled, with the ovules pendulous. Fruit indehiscent, crowned with the calyx, 1-celled, 1-seeded: seed pendulous, exal- buminose: radicle long: cotyledons 2, flat. Intertropical trees or shrubs, growing along the sea coast, rooting in the mud, forming a dense thicket wher- ever there is marsh or lagoon. 1. RuizopHora. Calycine tube obovate; lobes 4-13, oblongo- linear, persistent. Petals of the same number as the lobes, oblong, biaristate at the apex, convo- luted. Stamens of the same number as the 22 CALYCIFLORE . petals. Style a at the apex. Fruit crowned with the calyx, indehiscent, i-seeded : seed small: embryo inverted, germinating, protruding for. some ‘length from the seed. Wines from eva a root, and ¢~» to bear, from the branches throwing down roots very freely, which descend into the mud, so that every branch is supported by its own root, and the tree exiends over a considerable space. 1. Rhizophora Mangle. The Mangrove. Leaves obovato-oblong obtuse, peduncles 2-3 flowered longer than the petiole, fruit subulato- clavate —DC. Mangle pyri foliis, cum siliquis longis ficui indici affinis, Sloane, 11..63--Candela Americana foliis laurinis, Catesb. Car. Il. 63. t. 63.--Rhizophora Mangle, Jacq. Amer. 141. t. 89. HAB. Marshy grounds and Lagoons near the Sea- shore. F.L. Throughout the year. A tree 20-40 feet in height: branches 3 chotomous, terete, glabrous, asn coloured, shining. Leaves some- what truncated at the apex, subcoriaceous, smooth, shin- ing, with a somemhat greasy feel, dark green above, paler beneath, and marked with minute dark excavated dots: petiole compressed. Peduncles axillary, 2-4-5-flowered, with a pair of small ovate appressed bracteze below each flower, and to each division of the peduncle. Calyx deep- ly 4-cleft; lobes acute, internally 3-nerved, persistent. Petals 4, lanceolate, shorter than the calyx, internally hairy, caducous. Stamens 8, inserted at the junction of the filaments with the anthers: filaments capillary, free, erect: anthers lanceolate, b.locular; with the locules of a cellular texture. Ovary conical, 4-ovuled ; style subu- late, bifid: stigmata simple. Fruit ovato-oblong, thick, fleshy, toward the lower extremity crowned with the re- flected lobes of the calyx, pierced at the apex tor the pas- sage of the seed, whose base alone it contains: seed sin- gle, very Jong, round, thickened toward the end, It is the remarkable character of this tribe of plants that the seeds germinate while they are still attached to the branch that bears the fruit. The radicle and club-shaped RHIZOPHORE.. & 93 - erown of the root gradually lengthen until they reach the soft muddy soil, or, if too high, drop, and, fixing themselves in the muddy bottom, immediately strike root at one end, while leaves unfold at the other. The Mangroves form thickets along our sea coast, wherever there is marsh or lagoon. They are far from adding any beauty to the iandscupe: on the contrary, they give a gloomy desolate appearance, and are associated in our minds with ideas of malaria, and disease. The pre- sence of these trees indeed is a sure indication of the unhealthiness of a locality. Certain situations along the sea coast have been found to be healthy. The soil in such places will be found to be dry and _ porous, and, above all, no mangrove trees will be found in the immediate vicinity. The shade they afford is not dense, but the thicket they form is not easily penetrated, from the roots that are sent down from every branch. These roots are rather thicker than the thumb, round, smooth, simple, straight. They do not, as far as my observation goes, become thicker in course of time, so as to assume the appearance and function of stems. Such however would, I have no doubt be the case, were the original stem destroyed. When they reach the mud, they throw out numerous fibres, or rvot- lets, and thus furnish a more copious and additional sup- ply of nourishment to the tree. By this interlacing of the roots, they doubtless serve to detain the mould washed down by floods, and thus assist in converting useless and pestiferous ponds or marshy grounds, into rich and fertile lands. The bark of this tree, is known as the red Mangrove. It is much employed for tanning. It is stronger than oak a and is well adapted for the preparation of sole lea- ther. Il. Cassipourea. Calyx campanulate, 5-fid. Petals 3, attenu- ated at the base, with the margin or apex fimbri- ato-lacerated. Stamens 20-40, inserted at the base of the calyx, arranged in a single row. Style longer than the stamens: stigma obtuse. Fruit covered with the calyx, 3-celled, 3-valved, with the cells bi-ovuled, but by abortion one-seeded. 24 CALYCIFLORA, Ss Trees or shrubs.— Name of Indian derivation, given by Aublet. 1. Cassipourea elliptica. Leaves elliptic acuminate at both ends shortly petiolated very entire, flowers distinctly pedi- celled, petals subpalmato-fimbriated. ~ Legnotis elliptica, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. I]. 969. t. 17. —Cassipourea elliptica, DC. Prod. III. 84. HAB. The lofty mountains. FL. May and June, This must bea rare tree, as it has been described by no Botanist, with the exception of Swartz—The follow- ing is a brief description: A tree 10-30 feet in height. Leaves opposite, petiolate, scarcely nerved, very glabrous, somewhat stiff. Stipules small, ovate, membranaceous, deciduous. Flowers axil- lary, peduncled, 3-5 together; peduncles 1-flowered, generally shorter than the petiole, furnished at the inser- tion with minute imbricating squamules. Calyx inter- nally cano-tomentose; divisions ovate, acute. Petals longer than the calyx, deciduous: claw linear; border with the divisions linear, incarnate, with a white villosity, Ovary subrotund pubescent, encircled with a fleshy annu- lar disk. Capsule large, 8-gonal: seed solitary. ORDER LXXI. ONAGRARIA. Tube of the Calyx adnate partially or entirely to tho ovary; limb 2-5-lobed, frequently 4-Icbed ; zestivation valvular. Petals of the same number as the calycine lobes and alternating with them ; rarely none. Stamens of the same number as the petals, or double. Ovary 2-4-celled, crowned with a disk: style filiform: stigma capitate or lobed. Fruit capsular, berried, or a drupe, 2-4- celled. Seeds numerous in each cell: albumen s ONAGRARIA. 25 none; embryo straight; radicle long and taper ; cotyledons short. Herbaceous or shrubby plants. Although they are chiefly natives of temperate regions, several species are indigenous to this island. I. CENoTHERA. Calycine sepals 4, coalescing to form a long tetragonal or eight-ribbed tube, with the limb and part of the tube caducous. Petals 4. Stamens 8, erect or declinate; pollen triangular, viscid. Stigma 4-cleft or spherical. Capsule oblongo- linear, obtusely tetragonal or obovato-clavate, 4- celled, 4-valved, many-seeded. Seeds attached toa central placenta. Herbaceous or suflruticose plants. Leaves alternate, laciniated, or pinnatifid. Flowers yellow, or more rarely orange or purple.—-— Name, from ow; wine and én to pursue; the roots of the @noruera BIENNIS, having for- merly been employed, like olives in the present day, as an incentive to wine-drinking. It may also be ascribed, to . the flower opening at night, the usual period of day de- voted to wine-drinking. 1. £nothera longiflora, Long—flowered Evening Primrose. Stems simple hairy, leaves denticulated, petals bi-lobed distant, calycine tube very long, stigmata very long thickish, stamens shorter than the co- ‘rolla, capsules linear very long hirsute. HAB. Common, St. Andrew’s mountains. FL. June, Biennial. Root thickness of the thumb, sending up about 5 simple hairy stems. The radical leaves obova- to-lanceolate, attenuated at the base along the petiole, denticulated, ciliated, hairy especially along the mid-rib, about four inches long: cauline leaves sessile, oblong, acute. Calycine tube about thrice the length of the limb. 26 CALYCIFLORA. Flower rather larger than that of the common evening Primrose, yellow, but acquiring on the second day a red ish tinge. This is a very common plant in the above locality. It may however have been an introduced plant. Buenos Ayres is said to be its native country. 2. Enothera rosea. Rose Cnothera. Stem suffruticose branched, leaves, the lower ones lyrate, the upper ones ovato-lanceolate den- tate, tube of the calyx short, petals ovato-subro- tund, stamens of nearly the same length as the petals, capsules clavate octangular. CE. purpurea, Lam, Dict. IV. 5354.-—-CE. rubra, Carv. Icon. IV. 68. t. 400.—CE. rosea, Hort. Kew. Il. 343.— Bot. Mag. HAB. Common, in the mountains of St. Andrew, Port- Royal, and St. David, especially in Coffee pieces. FL, Throughout the year. Suffrutescent, about a foot in height: branches from the root, subsimple. virgate, terete, puberulous, coloured. Leaves alternate, the lower ones subsessile; the upper ones ovato-lanceolate, acute, undulated, irregularly dentate, nerved, glabrous above, minutely puberu'ous especially along tie nerves beneath. Stipules (?) foli- aceous, lanceolate. Inflorescence subracemose: comes mon peduncle 8 inches in length, puberulous, about 10- flowered : flower pedicelled, rose-coloured. Tube of the calyx about three lines in Jength: divisions ef the limb 4, cohering at the apex. Petals rounded, rose-coloured, with a greenish spot at the base. Stamens 8: anthers linear. Stigma 4-cleft. Capsule clavate, 4-sided, 8-rib- bed : seeds minute. - This also is an exceedingly common weed in the above localities, ani is plentiful in the Yailah’s and Hope River- courses. It is noticed by De Candolle as a native of Mexico. II. Jussraa. Calycine tube adherent throughout to the ova- ry: limb 4-5 partite, with the lobes acute persist- anh i ONAGRARIZ. if | ent. Petals of the same number as the Calycine lobes, patent. Stamens twice the number of the petals, deciduous with the petals. Style short, filiform: stigma capitate, 4-6-sulcated. Capsule 4-§-celled, oblong, crowned with the calyx: seeds very numerous, naked. Herbaceous plants, rarely shrubby, natives of marshy situations. Leaves alternate. Flowers axillary, solitary, sessile or shortly peduncled, yellow, rarely white. Named by Linnezus in memory of Antoine de Jussieu, Demonstrator of plants in the Royal] Gardens at Paris, and uncle of the celebrated Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. * Pentapetalous, decandrous. 1. Jussizxa Swartziana, Swartz’s Jussiea. Herbaceous creeping glabrous, leaves oblongo —obovate somewhat blunt, flowers pedicelled bi- callose at the base, calycine tube roundish atten- uated at the base, lobes 5 lanceolate acute of nearly the same length as the obovate petals. CEnothera herbacea repens, Browne, Jam. 208 ?--Jus- sieua repens, Swartz. Obs. 172.--Jussiza Swartziana. DC. Prod. Ill. 54. HAB. In marshy wet land. Common along the mar- gin of the Lagoon, Ferry-road. FL, September. Stem procumbent, rooting towards the base, afterwards ascending. Leaves alternate, petiolate, obtuse, atren- uated at the base, an inch and ahalfin length. Pedun- cles axillary, solitary, of the same length as the petiole, one-flowered: a pair of minute sub-opposite callous-like bracteoles beneath the ovary. Flowers yellow. Caly- cine tube adhering to the ovary, terete, striated : lobes 5, lanceolate, of nearly the same length as the petals. Pe- tals 5, obovate, rounded. Stamens 19. Style erect ; stigma capitate ; an annular hairy glandule crowning the ovary, on which the stamens are inserted. Capsule about an inch in length, oblong, crowned ;. seeds nume- rous, angulated, longitudinally arranged in five rows. 28 CALYCIFLOR & This species is to be found in marshy situations, throughout the West India Islands, such as in Hayti and Porto Rico, Sloane remarks that the flowers “make a fine show ; it grows in mud.” Browne mentions the low ground of P.antain Garden River as a locality, There appears-to be little to distinguish it from J. REPENS, a com- mon plant, in damp grounds, in different parts of the East Indies. The principal differ nce is, that in this last named plant, the calyx is subhirsute. ** Tetrapetalous octandrous. 2. Jussiea acuminata. Sharp-pointed leaved Jussiea. Herbaceous ascending somewhat erect sub- simple glabrous, leaves shortly petiolate lato-lan- ceolate acuminate at both ends, fl. wers shortly pedicelled ebracteolated, calycine lobes 4 ovato- lanceolate, petals acute patulous. Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 745.-—Meyer, Prim. Ess 178. HAB. Low damp situations, on the South-side. FL. Novetsber, December. Herbaceous. Stem decumbent at the base, afterwards ascending, tetrangular, glabrous, about 6 inches in height. Leaves very glabrous, thin: petioles short; the lower ones longer. Flowers axillary, very shortly peduncled, solitary, small, yellow. Petals 4, acuminate, caducous. Stamens eight, shorter than the petals, capillary. Style short, thick: stigma capitate, large. Capsule half an inch in length, tetragonal, acuminate at the base, 4-celled: seeds very numerous and minute. 3. wsussiza erecta. Hrect Jussiea. Herbaceous erect branched subterete, branches somewhat angular, leaves shortly petiolate lance- olate acuminate at both ends, flowers sessile ebrac- teated, calycine lobes 4 acuminate nearly cqual to the obovate petals, capsule tetragonal roundish constricted under ihe limb of the calyx. SS ae ONAGRARIZ&. 29 Lysimachia lutea erecta, Sloane, J. 37. t,11. £1.— inches broad: petiole about 2 inches in length. Flowers, according to Swartz, minute; with the petals ovate; and the stamens 10, and short. Berry subglobose. This species is remarkable for the size of the leaves. I regret | have not met with it in perfect flower. 8. Miconia bracteata. Bracteated Miconia. Branchlets compressed densely ferrugineo- velutine, leaves broad-ovate cordate at the base shortly acuminate centiculated with the teeth blunt and callous 5-nerved besides a marginal pair bright green above incano-tomentose with a fer- ruginous tinge beneath, thysse terminal, bracteze woolly concave deciduous, stamens 12, berry 12- costate 6-celled. HAB. Khuna-khuna road, near Milbank. FL. August. Leaves about a foot in length, and six inches in breadth, transversely veined, wih the upper surface bright green: petiole about 3-inches in length, compressed, ferrugineo- farmose. Thyrse about a foot in length: peduncle com- pressed, somewhat sulcated, incano-tomentose: branches subdivided. Flowers shortly pedicelled, clustered at the ends of the subdivisions, at first concealed in the bractee, MELASTOMACE. 83 which are deciduous. Bractez, the largest, ovate, acumi- nate, about 4 lines in length; the smaller ones lanceolate. Calyx spherical where it adheres to the ovary, externally hoary and stellato-tomentulose: tube 6-toothed, inter- nally marked with 12 scars indicating the insertion of the stamens, and 6 exterior to them, that of the petals. Pe- tals 6, white. Berry when ripe 12-costaite, 6-celled, size ofa pea: seeds minute, ovoid, slightly cuneate, brown, with the surface minutely granular. This is a large-leaved rank-looking shrub, delighting in damp places. The bractez are not so regular as to per- mit its being placed under Dre.ocuira. SECT. Ill. EUMICONLA. Calycine tube obovate or turbinate, not glo- bose. Fiowers not arranged in a series, 9. Miconia impetiolaris. petiolar Miconia. Branches panicles and under surface of the leaves tomentoso-farinose with the hairs ferru- ginous and stellated, leaves sessile semiamp!ext- caul oblong narrowing and subcordate at the base acuminate subdenticulated 5-nerved besides a very obscure marginal pair glabrous above, thyrse terminal panicled, flowers sessile, calyx obovate with 5 very short teeth. Melastoma impetiolaris, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 788. HAB. Port Royal Mountains. Near Bath. The Mo- neague, Dr. Alexander. FL. January—May. A shrub about 8 feet in height: branches few, subsim- ple, tetragonal towards the extremity. Leaves very large, about a foot in length, and 5 inches in breadth, 5 nerved with an indistinct marginal pair. Thyrse termi- nal, ofnearly the same length as the leaves: branches sub- tetragonal, farinoso-tomentulose, ferruginous: flowers small, white, crowded, subsessile. Calyx externally farino- so-tomentulose : tube short, with the throat crimson: teeth minute, situated externally below the margin. Petals 84 CALYCIFLORA, 5, oblong, obtuse, concave. Stamens 10: anthers linear, one-pored. Style erect: stigma depressed. Berry size of a coriander seed, scarlet, 5-celled: seeds numerous, minute, wedge-shaped, angular. ) This description agrees with that of Swartz in respect to the leaves which are described by him as 5-nerved, from his reckon'ng the marginal pair, which he does not usually take into consideration. This is a very remarkable species, readily attracting notice from the size of the leaves. 10. Miconia macrophylla. Large leaved Mi- conia. Branches panicles petioles and under surface of the leaf-nerves ferrugineo-tomentoso-farinose, leaves subsessile broad lanceolate attenuated at the apex narrowing towards the base and slightly cordate glabrous above stellato-pubescent be- neath, 3-ply-nerved with a marginal pair, remotely denticulated, thyrse panicled terminal, flowers white sessile crowded. HAB. Damp mountain woods. FL. Apr.l. Branches subterete, slightly compressed. Leaves about 8 inches long and 4 inches broad, with the stellated pubescence on the under surface distinct and not matted: petiole 1-2 lines in length. Peduncle tetragonal, slightly suleated. Calyx ferrugineo-farinose, 5-toothed This species is usually confounded with the preceding. 11. Miconia punctulata. Punctulated Mi- conia. pin 4 Branches tetragonal as also the petioles and peduncles cinereo-farinose with a minute pube- scence, leaves lanceolate attenuated at the base entire triply-nerved beside a marginal pair sub- glabrous except the farimoso-puberulous under surface of the nerves, thyrse terminal. HAB. St. Anns. FL. March. MELASTOMACE. 85 Leaves about 8 inches long and 2 broad, with the mar- ginal nerves so close to the edge as tobe obscure. Flow- ers minute, white, subsessile, crowded, minutely bracteo- lated. Calyx externally farinose, minutely 5-toothed with a gland-like apicula on the bark of each tooth. Petals 5, obtuse. Stamens 10: filaments capillary: anthers one- pored. Style erect, longer than the stamens: stigma subcapitate, depressed. Berry black, 5-celled: seeds wedge-shaped, angular. 12. Miconia glabra. Glabrous Miconia. Branchlets compressed slightly puberulous, leaves lanceolate with the apex obtuse, attenuated at the base so as to be decurrent, 3-ply-nerved without a prominent pair of marginal nerves en- tire, thyrse terminal, flowers crowded subsessile minutely bibracteolated, calyx cbsoletely and obtusely 5-fid, petals 5, stigma incrassated to- wards the stigma which is depressed, berry 4 (?)- celled. RAB. St. Ann. FL. January. A shrub. Leaves very shortly petiolate, glabrous, 3 inches long and one broad. Peduncle and its divisions tomentulose. Calyx very small, turbinate. Petals im- bricating, rounded at the apex. Stamens longer than the petals: anthers linear, 1-pored. Berry small, size of a coriander seed, 4-celled : seeds angular. 13. Miconia discolor. Discoloured Miconia. Branchlets compressed ash-coloured with a russet tinge minutely lepidose, leaves unequal in size lanceolate attenuated at the apex entire gla- brous above, argenteo-lepidose with a rufous tinge beneath, 3-nerved with a very obscure marginal pair, thyrse terminal, flowers minute subsessile crowded in clusters, calyx externally rufo-lepi- dose, petals ovate acute, stigma subcapitate re- tuse. 86 CALYCIFLOR A. HAB. Limestone districts—Near the Moneague, Dr. Alexander. FL. March. ¥ A shrub about six feet in height. Leaves, with the margin in the young entire, in the older leaves denticul- ated, revolute so as to be concave on the under surface, to the glass minutely punctulated above, densely rufo- lepidose with a silvery glance beneath, 4-5 inches long, | and rather more than one broad: petiole very short. Peduncle and its branches rufo-lepidose. Flowers mi- nute, crowded on very short branchlets. Calyx turbinate, externally rufo-lepidose, obsoletely 5-toothed. Petals 5. Stamens 10: anthers one-pored. Style erect. Fruit —? 14. Miconia prasina. Fragrant: Miconia. Branchlets towards the extremity subtetra- gonal and cinereo-farinose, leaves oblongo-lan- ceolate acuminate attenuated at the base sub- entire or denticulated 3-ply-nerved besides a marginal pair glabrous, thyrse terminal panicled, branchlets patent, calycine teeth 5 minute, petals concave, stamens 10. Melastoma prasina, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 777 HAB. Potosi wood, near Bath. Moortown. Dafnp Savannahs. FL. January—March. A shrub, 4-10 feet in height: branches compressed towards the end. Leaves shortly petiolate, 6-9 inches in length, oblong, of a livid green colour. Panicle much branched: branches patulous, subdivided: flowers small, white, odorous, subsessile, minutely bracteolated. Calyx somewhat campanulate, externally (to the glass) lepidoto- punctulated. Petals 5, oblong, concave, most minutely ciliated, and at the apex crispid. Stamens longer than the petals: anthers linear, minutely biauriculated, 1-pored. Ovary spherical: style erect: stigma subcapitate, gluti- nose. Berry size of a coriander seed, azure blue, glaucescent, 5-celled. I am confident that this is the MeLastoma prasina of Swartz. The principal difference is that the leaves, ac- cording to that Author, are very entire, There are cer- MELASTOMACES. 87 tainly no distinct teeth, and the designation subentire would be more applicable. 15. Miconia levigata.. Common Miconia. Branches alternately compressed farinose, leaves ovato-lanceolate attenuato-acuminate rounded at the base minutely denticulated with the teeth setose 5-nerved besides an obscure marginal pair subglabrous, cymes panicled, flow- ers subsessile subserial, calyx farinose and ciliate, petals concave, berry 5-celled. Melastoma fruticosa minor, foliis tenuibus ovatis, Browne, 219.—Grossularia fructu non spinoso malabathri foliis oblongo, fructu nigro, Sloane, II. 140.—Melastoma leevigata, Swartz, Obs. 176. HAB, Common in waste places, mountains. FL. Early part of the year. A shrub about 10 feet in height. Leaves about 6 inches long and 24 broad, thin, membranaceous, shining and bright green above, paler beneath: petiole an inch in length, terete, slightly channelled above. Thyrse termi- nal, of nearly the same length as the leaves: peduncle and its divisions farinose: flowers small, white, subsessile, sub-serial. Calyx externally farinose, ciliated, minutely 5-toothed, very obscurely 10-nerved. Petals 5, rounded at the apex, concave. Stamens 10, white, anthers one- pored. Style longer than the stamens: stigma obtuse. Berry small, black, 5-celled, size of a coriander seed: seeds oval. The leaves in this species, previous to dropping, as- sume a scarlet hue. They are sometimes more or less hispidulous. The berry is observed in some specimens to have a ribbed appearance. 16. Miconia affinis. Acute-leaved Miconia. Branchlets compressed sulcated densely fer- rugineo-farinose, leaves elliptic acute at both ends denticulated 3-nerved besides the marginal pair 88 CALYCIFLOR A. subglabrous, panicle terminal, calyx 5-fid. HAB. Near Moneague, Dr. Alexander. FL. April. Leaves about 8 inches long and 4 broad, with the apex blunt, glabrous, except the under surface of the nerves ; transverse nerves strongly marked; teeth of the margin not sctose as in the preceding species. Flowers shortly pedicelled. Calycine teeth deltoid, acute. Berry size of a coriander seed. This, differs from M. tavicata in the leaves being thicker, and acute at both ends; the transverse nerves are also stronger marked. 17. Miconia elliptica. Broad-leaved Mi- conia. Branches compressed slightly sulcated ferru- gineo-velutine as also the peduncles and petioles, leaves elliptic narrowing towards the petiole shortly attenuato-acuminate denticulated 3- nerved besides a marginal pair subglabrous, thyrse terminal, flowers crowded subsessile, stamens longer than the petals. HAB. Road over Khuna-khuna pass, Bath. Rev. T. Wharton. Moneague, Dr. Alexander. EL. March—April. The branches are much flattened. Leaves thin, 7-¢ inches long, and 3-4 broad, acute at the base, more or less indistinctly denticulated, slightly farinose along the under surface of the nerves, thin: petiole half an inch in length. Peduncle and its divisions compressed, ferru- gineo-farinose. Flowers have a feathery or hairy aspect from the length of the stamens. Calyx 5-rarely 6-toothed, minutely bracteolated: externally ferrugineo-farinose. Petals 5, rarely 6, oblong, concave, reflected. Stamens 10: filaments capillary: anthers arcuate, biauriculated at the base, 1-pored. Style slender: stigma umbilicated Berry size of a coriander seed, yellow, with the tubular portion of the calyx circumcised, 4-celled: seeds minute, wedge-shaped.—The lateral nerves form an arch unusu- ally distant from the mid-rib. ~~ MELASTOMACE&. 89 18. Miconia palustris. Marsh Miconia. Branchlets subterete slightly channelled gla- brous, leaves lanceolate entire glabrous 3-ply- nerved without a marginal pair, petiole winged with the decurrent leaf, panicle terminal with the peduncle cinereo-pruinose, calyx minutely 5- toothed incano-pruinose, stigma excavated. HAB. Marsh near Grosmond, St. Elizabeth’s Dr. MacNab. Marsh near Moneague, Dr. Alexander. FL. March. Leaves about 4 inches in length and one in breadth, une- qual at the base, subsessile. Divisions of the peduncle tetragonal: branches very patent, brachiate: flowers small, subsessile, clustered, bracteolated. Petals 5, rounded at the apex. Stamens 10: filaments capillary : anthers minutely biauriculated at the base, 1-pored. Style erect. Berry black, size of a coriander seed, 5- celled: seeds wedge-shaped The leaves are piane, and have a greasy feel and ap- pearance, and resemble those of the Bucipa Buceras. 19. Miconia microcarpa. Small-fruited Mi- | conia. Branchlets tetragonal pale-ferruginco-velutine, leaves broac-lanceolate subacuminate slightly attenuated at the base subrepando-denticulated subglabrous 5-nerved, thyrse terminal much branched, limb of the calyx short truncated, fruit obscurely L0-ribbed. Melastoma levigata, Aubl. Guian. 412. t. 159.—Mico- nia microcarpa, DC. Prod. III. 189. HAB. Moneague, Dr. Alexander. FL, March. Leaves shortly petiolated, with minute scattered stellated hairs above, paler and subglabrous beneath. Vous 2: F * 90 CALYCIFLORA. © Branches of the panicle long, pale-ferruginous and -velu- tine, compressed. Flowers minute, bracteolated, crowd- ed, sessile. 20. Miconia pyramidalis. Pyramidal-flow- ering Micona. . Branchlets tetragonal sparingly ferrugineo- farinose, leaves broad-lanceolate rounded at the base acute 3-nerved beside a marginal pair sub- glabrous above sparingly hispidulo-farinose be- neath obscurely denticulated, thyrse terminal with its branches brachiate, petals 5 oblong re- flected, berry minute. HAB. Near the Moneague, Dr. Alexander. FL. March. Leaves with the margin revolute, and with the teeth se- tose. Peduncle tetragonal, farinoso-puberulous: branch- lets short. Flowers small, white, subsessile, minutely bibracteolated. Calycine teeth 5, minute, obtuse, with a green prominence on the back of each. Petals obtuse, reflected. Stamens 10: anthers one-pored. Style longer than the stamens: stigma obtuse. Berry crowned with the tubeless calyx. 21. Miconia parvifiora. Small-flowered Mi- conia. Branches subrotund slightly (when young) fer- rugineo-farinose, leaves oblongo-lanceolate slight- ly rounded at the base attenuated at the apex subentire or obscurely denticulated 3-nerved be- sides an obscure marginal pair glabrous above hispidulous along the nerves beneath, thyrse ter- minal, fowers small subsessile, calyx 5-toothed, berry minute 5-celled. HAB. Khuna-Khuna road from Bath. Reverend T. Wharton. FL. * April. A shrub about 8 feet in height. Leaves about 3 inches MELASTOMACE. 91 long and rather more than 1 broad, membranaceous, his- pidulous with minute stellated hairs along the under sur- face of the nerves: petiole one third of an inch in length. Peduncle and its divisions farinoso-puberulous. Flowers very small, white. Petals oblong. Stamens 10, erect. Berry size of a small coriander seed, 5-celled. x XIV. CreEMANIUM. Calycine tube campanhulate or obovate adher- ing to the ovary; Jimb persistent, 4-5 toothed. Petals 4-5, obovate. Stamens 10, equal: anthers short, somewhat wedge-shaped at the base, with- out auricles, obtuse and bi-porose at the apex. Style filiform: stigma orbiculato-peltate. Cap- sule berried, 3-5-celled: seeds angular or ovate, with the hilum linear. Name, from xgsuow to suspend; in allusion to the form of the anthers, being attenuated at the base, and enlarged towards the apex like pendants. 1. Cremanium rubens. EKrubescent Crema- nium. Very glabrous, branchlets tetragonal sulcated, leaves ovato-lanceolate acuminate denticulated 3-nerved, panicle terminal subracemose, flowers dicecious 8-10-androus crowded. Melastoma foliis ovatis minutissime denticulatis, venis et ramulis purpurascentibus, Browne, 219.—-M. rubens, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 797.—Cremanium rubens, DC, Prod. il. 797. HAB. Cold damp situations, higher mountains, FL. August. A shrub 6-10 feet in height: branches suberect, gla- brous: branchlets reddish. Leaves decussating, attenu- ated at the apex which is reflex, minutely and distantly denticulated, sub-rigid: “ petiole sulcated, coloured, with a small roundish glandule-like prominence on each side at the insertion. Peduncle tetragonal: divisions short, pa- tent, subdivided, coloured. Flowers minute, numerous, 92 CALYCIFLORZ. crowded, shortly pedicelled, diecious. ¢ Flowers de- ciduous. Calyx coloured, 5 (-4?)-toothed: teeth very minute. Petals rounded, white. Filaments 10 (-8?), twice the length of the eiiella'- anthers white, bi-porose. Rudiments of the pistil in the centre. 92 Flowers. Calyx as above. Petals 5, minute, white, roundish, con- cave, appressed to the style. Stamens 10 (-8 ? ), imper- fectly developed, abortive, shorter than the calyx. Style erect: ‘stigma capitato-depressed. Berry size of a cori- ander seed, azure, 5-celled. 2. Cremanium axillare. 4zillary-flowered Cremanium. Branchlets subtetragonal, when young ferrugi- neo-farinose, when old glabrous, leaves elliptico- lanceolate acuminate cbsoletely serrulated 3-ply- nerved besides the marginal pair glabrous, thyrse axillary racemose short, calyx 4-toothed, petals 4, stigma obtuse. HAB. St. Ann’s, near the Moneague. FL. April. Leaves glabrous except a minute villous tuft in the axils of the under surface of the nerves, about 4 inches in length and 14 broad: petiole farinoso-puberulous near the leaf,nearly an inch in length. Panicles scarcely more than an inch in length. Flowers small, white, crowded at the ends of the subdivisions of the peduncle, very shortly pedicelled, each furnished with a pair of minute bracteoles. Calycine teeth indistinct. Petals obtuse, concave, reflected. Anthers oblong, tapering at the base, bi-porose. Ovary sheathing around the base of the style: style erect: stigma obtuse. 3. Cremanium? glandulosum. Glandulose Cremanium. Branches obiusely tetragonal aibido-tomentose, leaves ovate 3-nerved entire strigose above, hir- suto-hispid and glandulose beneath, racemes ter- minal, flowers crowded subsessile octandrous mi- nute =DCe. MELASTOMACE. - 93 Melastoma glandulosa, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Oce. 799. HAB. High Mountains. FL. Swartz states that the branchlets are disfigured by the scars of the old leaves: that there is a fascicule of hairs (glandules?) in the axils of the leaves: and that the petioles are very hairy. 4, Cremanium rigidum. Stiff-leaved Cre- manium. Branches stiff tetragonal ferrugineo-pulveru- lent, leaves ovate rounded and subcordate at the base obtuse denticulated 3-nerved stiff fragile glabrous, panicle terminal many-flowered ferru- gineo-hirsute, flowers decandrous, petals ovate white, stamens longer than the petals. Melastoma rigidum, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 768. HAB Summit of the Blue Mountain range. FL, June. | About 6 feet in height. Branchlets coloured. Leaves about 3-inches long, and 2 broad, submembranaceous, glabrous except the under surface of the nerves which is scabrovs: petiole about half an inch long. Panicle ter- minal length of the leaves, compound. Flowers pedi- celled, white. Calycine teeth incurved after flowering, persistent. Petals 5, ovate, obtuse, concave, rather thick. Anthers bi-porose. Style short, thick, striated: stigma subcapitate, pubescent. Berry subrotund. 5. Cremanium integrifolium. LEntire-leaved Cremanium. Branchlets compressed ferrugineo-velutine, leaves oblong acuminate rounded at the base very entire 3-nerved besides the marginal pair glabrous except the under surface especially of the nerves which is sparingly and, minutely stella- to-puberulous, thyrse terminal branches short simple 4-6 flowered, flowers séssile, stamens 10. 94 CALYCIFLOR A, i HAB. St. Ann’s, Dr. Alexander. FL. February—April. Leaves thin, membranaceous, about 6 inches long and 2} broad: petiole less than an inch in breadth. ‘I'hyrse shorter than the leaves. Flowers crowded, sessile, rather small. Branches of the peduncle tetragonal, tomentulose. Calyx externally tomentulose, 5-fid, with the lobes after- wards connivent. Petals rounded at the apex, somewhat clawed. Anthers 2-pored, subauriculated at the base. Style long: stigma excavated. Were it not for the anthers being bi-porose, I would refer this to the second section of Micontia. 6. Cremanium trinerve. Three-nerved Cre- mantum. Very glabrous, branchlets subtetragonal co- loured, leaves elliptico-lanceolate acuminate with the apex obtuse minutely serrulated 3-nerved besides an obscure marginal pair membranaceous, thyrse terminal, flowers decandrous. Melastoma trinervis, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 774. HAB. Mountain thickets. FL. Early in the year. A shrub, 6-8 feet in height: branches terete. Leaves about 4 inches long and 14 broad, with the nerves on the under surface ‘coloured (red): petiole slightly channelled, very glabrous, coloured. Thyrse terminal, shorter than the leaves, sessile: peduncle tetragonal, glabrous: branches decussating : flowers numerous, crowded, white, in threes, subsessile. Calyx subglobose: teeth 5, minute. Petals 5, oval. Stamens 10, longer than the petals; an- thers 2-pored: Style length of the stamens: stigma obtuse. 7. Cremanium splendens. Showy Cremanium. Branches terete glabrous towards the extre- mity ferruginous, leaves oblong acuminate entire 5-nerved including the marginal pair glabrous shining above, flowers panicled subumbellated Ree MELASTOMACEM. 95 subsessile small, calycine teeth 5, petals 5 ovate white, stigma capitato-depressed, berry minute azure-blue. 3 Melastoma splendens, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 798. HAB. Mountain woods. FL. Autumn. XV. BuakEa. Calyx campanulate, surrounded at the base with 4-6 broad scales arranged in a cruciate or triple order, with the limb persistent, membrana- ceous, 6-lobed or 6-dentate. Petas 6. Anthers large, connected in a ring, obtuse and hiant with two pores at the apex, furnished at the base with a short spur-like process. Capsule berried, crowned with the calyx, 6-celled: seeds ovato- angulated.— DC. ) Named by Dr. Patrick Browne in honor of Mr. Martin Blake of Antigua, a promoter of science, and a patron of the Doctor’s Natural History of Jamaica. 1. Blakea trinervia Three-nerved Blakea. Leaves oblongo-ovate J-nerved, when adult glabrous and shining, when young serrulated and rufo-tomentose especially the under surface of the nerves, peduncles solitary longer than the petiole, scales longer than the calyx. Blakea foliis ellipticis, Browne, 323. t. 35.—B. trinervia Swartz, Obs. 18S. HAB. Mountain woods. FL. Throughout the year. A shrubby tree of irregular growth: branches support- ing themselves on neighbouring shrubs or rocks: rufo- tomentose at the extremity. Leaves opposite, petiolate, oblongo-ovate, subacuminate, subentire (minute teeth to be detected within the margin on the under surface,) very glabrous above, slightly hirsute especially along the nerves and minutely punctulated beneath: petiole terete, 96 CALYCIFLORA. rufescenti tomentose. Peduncles axillary, solitary, more than twice the length of the petiole, terete, hirsute, one- flowered. Scales 6, in pairs, roundish, concave, coloured, ciliated with rufous hairs, concealing the calyx. Caly- cine lobes 6, suberect, obtuse, crimson, ciliated. Petals 6, thick, coriaceous, very glabrous, of a bright crimson, twice the length of the scales, deciduous. Stamens 12; filaments teeneaform, thin, crimson: anthers yellow; pollen a fine white power. Style longer than the stamens, ro- bust, subulate, crimson: stigma simple. The description of Swartz is very inaccurate.—This is one of the most beautiful of the wild plants of our for- ests, and is commonly designated the “ Jamaica Rose.” There must be some difficulty in its cultivation, as it has not yet found a place in our Gardens; although it is very common in our mountains, sending its roots into the clefts of the rocks, by the waysides. We are informed by writers on Horticulture, that plants of this genus, grow weil in peat, or peat and loam mixed, and that cuttings, taken from quite ripened wood, planted in sand, and plunged in a moist heat, root readily. . TRIBE Iv. CHARIANTHE.Z. Anthers bilocular, opening by a double longitu- dinal cleft. fruit fleshy. Seeds wedge-shaped, angular. XVI. CHA@NOPLEURA. Calyx adnate to the ovary; limb obtuse, 5- toothed. Petals 5, subrotund. Stamens 10, scarcely longer than the petals. Anthers longi- tudinally bi-rimose, with the connective at the base obtusely biauriculated. Style clavate: stig- ma orbiculate, subumbilicated. Berry? 3-4- celled: seeds? —DC, Name from xaww to split open, and rAsuga the membrane lining the cavity of the thorax. 1 Chenopleura quadrangularis. Quadran- gular Chenopleura. Branches tetragonal slightly sulcated glabrous MELASTOMACE. 97 leaves ovato-lanceolate attenuato-acuminate round ed at the base entire 3-nerved besides an- ob- scure marginal pair subglabrous, thyrse longer than the leaves with the branches fastigiate, sta- mens 10, style twice the length of the calyx. Melastoma quadrangularis, Swartz, Fl. Ind Occ. 776. ~WAB. Blue Mountain range. FL. February—May. About 12 feet in height. Leaves 5-6 inches long and 14 broad, decussating, dark green and minutely punctu- lated above, lepidose witha yellow tinge beneath: pe- tiole an inch and a half long, coloured. Thyrse erect : branches 3-chotomous. Flowers white, small, with a yel- lowish tinge, subsessile. Calycine teeth 5. Petals oval. Anthers bursting longitudinally. Style twice the length of the calyx: stigma capitate, umbilicated, depressed. Fruit size of a coriander seed, purple, pruinose. 2. Chenopleura Stelligera. Stellated Che- nopleura. Branches compressed tetragonal ferrugineo- furfuraceous with minute stellated hairs, leaves oblongo-ovate subcordate minutely glanduloso- dentate 3-nerved, thyrse terminal, flowers decan- drous, style striated, berry spherical ferrugineo- farinose. HAB. Portland woods. FL. April. A shrub about 8 feet in height. Leaves subacuminate, stiff, fragile, glabrous with exception of the under surface of the nerves which is ferrugineo-scabrous, 6 inches long and 2} broad: petiole terete. Panicle erect; peduncle and its divisions ferrugineo-tomentose. Flowers pedi- celled: pedicels half an inch in length, bracteolated. Calyx ferrugineo-hirsute, 5-toothed. Petals 5, obovate, concave, reflected. Stamens longer than the petals: fila- ments teneiform: anthers oblong, white, opening by a longitudinal fissure, being widest at the apex: pollen white. Style angular: stigma simple. Berry size ofa Vorad, G 9S CALYCIFLORZ. currant, crowned with the calyx, externally of a blood- red rust colour, farinose, 2-3-celled: seeds numerous, ovate, wedge-shaped. 3. Chenopleura stenobotrys. Strict-clustered Chenopleura. Very glabrous, leaves oblongo-lanceolate ob- tuse at the base acuminate at the apex denticul- ated with distant ciliiform serratures 3-nerved (approaching to triply-nerved), thyrse terminal elongated, branchlets opposite generally racemose, flowers white tinged with pink, bracteoles and Calycine teeth very minutely ciliolated—DC, _ Melastoma stenobotrys.. Richard, in Bonpland. Me- last. t. 30. HAB. A native of the mountains of Hispaniola, and probably also of Jamaica. FL. MELASTOMACEZ OMISSE. There are several omissions relating to the plants of this order, which I have considered preferable to supply now, rather than to delay till the completion of the work. » TRIBE Ul. RHEXIE#. XVII. ApELozoTrys. (To follow Srznnera p. 48.) Calyx free, subcampanulate, shortly and obtuse- ly d-toothed. Petals 5, oval. Stamens 10: an- thers bifurcated at the base, bi-porose. Ovary oblong, pubescent: style thick: stigma obtuse Capsule cblong, 5-celled, bursting in five direc- tions, with the column at length free, and termi- nating in 5 fibres originally constituting the style. Name from «dnd obscure, and Borevs a raceme, from MELASTOMACE. , 99 the characters of the genus, at the time when established, being imperfectly known. 1. Adelobotrys scandens. Scandent delo- botrys. Melastoma scandens, Swariz, FI. Tid Oke. 772.—Aubl. Guian. i. 435. t. 172.—Adelobotrys scandens, DC. Prod. HI. 127. HAB. Damp mountain woods. FL. April. Shrubby, 20-30 feet in height, attached by fibrous roots to the stems of trees, terete, sparingly branched : branches subtetragonal, sparingly ferrugineo-pubescent when young. Leaves opposite, petiolate, broad-ovate, acuminate, nar- rowing towards the base, rufo-ciliated and obscurely den- ticulated, 5.nerved including the marginal pair, nervoso- bullate, shining above, occasionally setose along the under surface of the nerves, 3-5-inches long: petiole rather short, ferragineo-pubescent, with a~stipulary line of hairs connecting on each side the petioles. Racemes terminal : common peduncle tetragonal, ferrugineo-pubescent: divi- sions bearing in an umbellule or cyme 8-10 shortly pedi- celled showy flowers, white tinged with pink. Calyx small, subcampanulate: limb spreading, obscurely and bluntly 5-toothed, minutely puberulous. Petals 5, oblong, obtuse, concave. Stamens 10, declinate: filaments broad, purple: anthers bifurcated (bi-setose), and biporose at the apex, with the connective embracing, twice the length of the anthers, subulate, membranaceous. Ovary oblong, pubescent: style thick: stigma obtuse, pruinose. Cap- sule oblong, striated, 5-celled, crowned with the truncated pentagonal calyx. This is a very beautiful plant, readily attracting the eye . our damp woods, especially on the North-Side of the sland. TrRipe ul. JUCONLE (p. 43.) 4. Clidemia agrestis. Wild Clidemia. (Place of insertion, after C. Srrictuosa, p. 45.) Branchlets tetragonal hirsute, leaves ovate acu- minate rounded and subcordate at the base ser- 100 CALYCIFLORZ. rato-crenated and undulated 5-nerved without a marginal pair hirsute, racemes axillary few-flow- ered, pedicels hairy, calyx pentagonal, stamens HAB -St. Ann’s. Dr. Alexander. FL. March. Branches slender. Leaves about 6 inches Jong, and 2 broad. Paniele not more than an inch in length, 10-12- flowered. Pedicels filiform, 3-6 lines in length. Calyx strigoso-hirsute with long stiff hairs: lobes about 3 lines in length, filiform, hairy. Alibastrum conical. Petals 5, oblong, rounded at the apex. Anthers 1-pored, linear, at- tenuated at the apex. Style surrounded at the base with a circle of connivent sete, contracted near the stigma: stigma capitate, depressed, minutely granular. Berry 5- celled, very hairy. 5. Osseea micrantha. p. 49. Racemes scarcely longer than the petiole; primary branches trifid ; extreme branches bifid. Pedicels about three lines in length. Berry when dry 8-ribbed, 4-celled, juiceless, so that the seeds, which are very numerous, drop out like powder, when the cells are opened. I have been enabled to complete the description of this plant from specimens collected in the neighbourhood of of the Moneague by Dr. Alexander. 11. Sagrea aureo-sericea. ureo-sericeous Sagrea. (Place after 8. Bexrenu, p. 54.) Branches compressed sulcated derisely tomen- tose as also the leaves petioles and peduncles with hairs of an aureo-ferruginous hue and of a silky appearance, leaves ovate acuminate round- ed and somewhat attenuated at the base denti- culated 5-nerved hirsute, peduncles axillary, cyme few-flowered, calycine segments subulate, MAB. St. Mary’s woods.--Dr. Nac Nab. MELASTOMACEA, 101 FL. October. Leaves about 6 inches long, and 34 broad, paler on the under surface: petiole an inch or more in length. Pe- duncle subdivided. Flowers minute, Calyx hairy. 4. WHarrera pedunculata. Long-stalked Ha- rera. (p. 65). ws Branches subtetragonal subglabrous (when young minute velutine,) leaves elliptic attenuato- acuminate subacute at the base 3-ply-nerved en- tire glabrous above, minutely velutino-tomentose with a villous tuft in the axils of the nerves be- neath, thyrse terminal panicled longer than the leaves, stamens 10 berry 3-celled. HAB. Fairfield, Manchester. Rev. H. R. Wullschlegel. FL. April Branches of an olive-green colour. Leaves about 33 inches long and 1? broad: petiole nearly an inch long. Branches of the panicle erect, fastigiate, Calycine lobes 5, obtuse. Petals 5, rounded, reflected. Stamens 10: anthers one-pored, scarcely auriculated at the base. Style longer than the stamens, declinate, slightly curved: stigma simple. Berry size of a large pea, three-celled ; seeds numerous, dropping out like a coarse powder when the cells are opened. 2. Conostegia gloriosa. (p. 68.) Dr. Alexander found this beautiful species growing ab- undantly in the neighbourhood of the Moneague. From specimens supplied by him, I find the fruit to be 6-celled. _— NOTE.—In order to facilitate an acquaintance with the Melastomaceous plants of this Island, | have arranged, in the following table, the different species, Ist according to the number of Stamens; and 2ndly subdivided them according to the Nervation. 102 1 2 ODMH ih oo CALYCIFLORA. a. Octandrous. * TRIPLY-NERVED. Calycogonium glabratum Ossza_scabrosa pratensis purpurascens Sagrea virgata bracteolata Tetrazygia Fadyeni ecostata Cremcnium axillare * *~ TRI-NERVED- Spennera aquatica * Osszea micrantha Sagrza fascicularis capillaris hirtella dumosa microphylla hirsuta Tetrazygim tetrandra angustifolia Harrera trinervis Cremanium rubens glandulosum rigidum integrifolium trinerve j * * ® PIVE-NERVED. Sagrea Berteru pilosa aureo-sericea Tetrazygia hispida discolor Harrera sparsifolia Heterotrichum octandrum b. Decandrous. «a * TRIPLY-NERVED, Clidemia hirsuta Conostegia alpina 45 72 MELASTOMACE. Henriettea ramiflora —— grandifolia ———_: racemosa Miconia macrophylla punctulata —— glabra prasina ——— palustris Harrera pedunculata 3 * * pRI-NERVED. Meriania leucantha —— rosea purpurea Harrera gerascanthoides Diplochita rosea Miconia verticillata serrulata holosericea —— discolor —— affinis ——- elliptica pyramidalis ——— parviflora Cheenopleura stelligera ——— quadrangularis stenobotrys * * * PIVE-NERVED Clidemia hirta —_—— strigillosa === agrestis Heterotrichum dubium Diplochita Swartziana —— Fothergilla Miconia circumsecta rufescens —.: elata ——— argentea —_——. impetiolaris —— levigata microcarpa. Adelobotrys scandens 1038 7 104 CALYCIFLORA. c. Dodecandrous. * TRIPLY-NERVED. 74 Conostegia alternifolia 71 75 Blakeatrinervia _ “E 95 * * PRI-NERVED. 76 Conostegia gloriosa 68 77 Conostegia procera 69 78 — formosa . 70 79 ———_ montana . 70 80 ——— glabra es é 71 . * * * PIVE-NERVED. ip 81 Conostegia subhirsuta » 67 82 Miconia bracteata 2 83 Heterotrichum patens 64 84 ——— viscosum es 65. ORDER LXXIX. MYRTACEA—THE MYRTLE FAMILY. Calyx 4-6, more frequently 5-cleft, the limb semetimes cohering at the apex and falling off like a lid; eestivation valvate. Petals attached to the calyx, equal in number to its segments, with a quincuncial estivation, rarely none. Sta- mens inserted with the petais either twice as many or @ ,rarely equal to them in number: filaments distinct, or united in one or more par- cels, curved inwards before flowering: anthers ovate, 2-celled, bursting longitudinally. Ovary inferior, 1-2-4-5-or 6-celled: style simple, derived immediately from the placenta: ovules anatropal, pendulous or erect. fruit either dry or fleshy, and amphitropal or indehiscent: seeds usually indefinite : embryo exalbuminose. Trees or shrubs ; with opposite, rarely alternate, leaves, usually entire and pellucido-punctulated. They are na- * ‘MYRTACEA. 105 tives chiefly of inter-tropical countries. The wood is generally white and compact; in some cases it is dark- brown, hard, and heavy. The following exotic species have been introduced, and have become in a great. measure, naturalized in the Is n ; . e . i 1. ZYGIUM JAMBOLANUM. The Jambolana Tree. x ue This bears a fruit resembling the damson in form : and appearance ; is grateful to the taste, having, with the ~~ * sweetness, a pleasant sub-acid flavour, combined with e vastringency. Jt is a mative of the East Indies. is common in gardéhs near Kingston, and is to be met with in some of the hottest situations of the Island. - : 2... JAMBOSA VULGARIS. Rose Apple, é This is common in pastures in the cooler and more sea- sonable districts. In such situations it may be found completely naturalized. The fruit is strongly impreg- nated with the odour of the rose: but is otherwise insipid, and is never made use of as an article of the dessert. The young branches are long and undivided, and are well-adapted for the handles of chaise whips. The bark of the root has the credit of being a virulent poison. ‘This is, I am confident, a popular mistake. 3. JAMBOSA PURPURASCENS. The Otaheite : ; Apple. A low tree, seldom exceeding 25 feet in height, conical in its form, having a handsome appearance, particularly when its branches are covered with a profusion of crim- son flowers, strewing the ground beneath, when they drop, so as to formas it were a rich carpeting. The fruit is pear-shaped, of a crimson hue, and occupies a higher place than the rose-apple as an edible fruit, though it is rather watery and insipid. It thrives in the more seasonable parts of the Island, especially at Bath, where an avenue formed by them along the principal street is very orna- mental. Like the preceding species it was introduced from the East Indies. Vou, 2 G* 106 CALYCIFLOR/E. 4, CaRYOPHYLLUS AROMATICUS. The Clove. On different occasions plants of this valuable tree have been introduced into the Island; but the cultivation has not as yet been successful, for I have reason to believe that it has not been propagated from seeds, produced in the country. It is very different with the Nutmeg, (MYRISTICA OFFICINALIS) -young plants of which have been very freely distributed, from seeds grown at the Bath Botanic Garden. | J. Psrpium. Calyx with the limb, previous to the opening of the flower, entire; afterwards 1-5 cleft. Petals 5. Stamens @ , inserted ina broad circle and crowded on neariy the entire undivided surface of the limb, free. Ovary 5-20-celled. Berry crowned with the hardened limb, of the calyx, many-seeded: seeds nidulant in pulp. ) Name derived from qeidov, one of the Greek appella- tions of the pomegranate, to which, from the number of the seeds and colour of the pulp, the common. guava was supposed to bear a resemblance. 1. Psidium pyriferum. The Guava. Branchlets tetragonal, leaves oblong obtuse with an apicula subcordate, pubescenti-velutine beneath, pedicels one-flowered, fruit pear-shaped. Malo punice affinis pomifera, flore pentapetalo albo, fructu nullis dissepsimentis interstincto, ex-toto esculento, majore albo. Sloane II. 163.—Psidium fruticosum, Browne, 238.—Guayava -pyriformis, Gertn. Fruct. 1. 38. HAB. Common every where, especially in pastures and by the road-sides. _ FL. Throughout the year. - A low shrubby tree, seldom more than 15 feet in height, with a smooth ash coloured bark. Young branches with the angles sub-alate, pubescenti-velutine. Leaves about MYRTACBA. 107 4 inches long, and 1} broad, oblong, sub-cordate at the base, rounded and apiculated at the apex, when young pu- berulous above, and pubescenti-velutine beneath ; nerves strongly marked on the under surface, rendering the up- per rugulose: petiole about two lines in length, pubes- centi-velutine. Peduncles axillary, solitary, one flows It is remarkable, that, respecting a plant so common, there should be any uncertainty. Sloane describes three kinds of Guava; Ist, the red ; 2nd, the large white; and 3rd the’ small white. These appear to me to belong to one species, the varieties being the consequence of soi and climate. Where the soil is rich and the climate favorable, the fruit is large and juicy with a sweet reddish pulp.. Where the tree is stunted, the fruit is deteriorated, the pulp is pale, and the flavour: is acid and austere. The finest Guavas f have ever seen were some that were produced in the river-course near Dallas Castle, Port Royal, and. others in the Morass. near Bye-brook, St. Thomas in the Vale. The form of the fruit, may here remark, is globular, and resembles that of the apple more than that of the pear: being still more like that of the pomegranate. The characters, given by DeCandolle as belonging to Psipium Pomirervm, do not: apply to our Jamaica Guavas. The bark: possesses the tannin principle, and has been found useful in tanning leather ;. though it is not gene- rally employed‘for that purpose. A decoction of the bark the young leaves and the fruit, from being astringent; has been given as a remedy in diarrhoea and dysentery. ‘Phe fruit when in. perfection has.the size and the ap- pearance of the golden pippin. That of the superior sorts is well deserving of a place at the dessert. It is in my epinion, one of our fruits most likely to. be ameliorated and. improved by cultivation. Its flavour is very peculiar, unlike that of any other fruit. Prepared. by stewing as a conserve, and with the addition of milk, it is equal if not superior to the much vaunted’ strawberries and cream of Europe. The jelly prepared from it, surpasses that ob- tained from any other fruit.. The Guava tree is an obstinate weed: in pastures, re- quiring the troublesome operation of grubbing for its era- dication. At the same time, it is deserving of remark, that every description of domesticated animal is fond of the 108 “CALYCIFLORE. fruit. It is well-known that hogs become very soon fat - from feeding on Guavas, and that a boomy flavour is imparted to the flesh. BY 2. Psidium montanum. Mountain jae Branchlets tetragonal, leaves ovali-oblong-acu- minate very glabrous, peduncles many-dlowerei, fruit spherical. Psidium arboreum maximum, foliis ovatis nitidis- Browne, 238— P. montanum, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 879. HAB. Mountain Forests. FL. May—June. : A lofty tree, sometimes attaining the height of 100 feet ; the bark very smooth, ash-coloured: branchlets tetrago- nal. Leaves 23-3 inches long, and 1} broad, subentire or obsoletely and distantly crenulated : petiole quarter an inch in length, coloured. Flowers towards the end of the branches, axillary. Peduncles nearly an inch in length. Calyx internally white, sericeo-villous, bursting irregularly into 2-3 divisions. Petals ovate, convex, veined spreading. Stamens very numerous, shorter than the petals. Ovary pyriform, retuse: style subulate: stigma simple, obtuse puberulous. Berry size of a cherry. i The flowers have the odour of bitter almonds. The fruit is sour. The wood is highly esteemed, affording a timber of the hardest description, with the grain beauti- fully variegated. 3. Psidium fragrans. Fragrant-flowered Guava. Branchlets subtetragonal, leaves elliptico-lan- ceolate subacuminate “entire, peduncles axillary solitary 1-flowered. HAB. Pastures, Salt Hill, Port Royal Mountains. FL, January, A tree about 20 feet in height: bark very smooth, ash- -coloured: branchlets subtetragonal. Leaves about 3 inches long, and 1 broad, with. the apex obtuse, shining aboye, indistinctly nerved and veined: petiole short. Flowers rather large, size of those of the common Guava, MYRTACEA, Ido - white, very fragrant. Peduncle about an inch in length. Calyx irregularly 3-4 cleft: divisions rounded, concave, internally minutely sericeo puberulous. Petals 5, concave, reflected, roundish, ova!, Stamens very numerous, Ovary turbinate, excavated at the apex: style truncated or awanting. [ruit? Il, Mynrcta. Calycine tube subglobose, very rarely ovate : limb 5 partite. Petals 5. Stamens @ , free. Ovary 2-3-celled: cells many-ovuled. Berry when ripe not unusually 1-2-celled, 1-2-seeded. Seeds subglobose, with a thin shell: cotyledons leafy, corrugato-contortoplicate.— DC, Name from Myrsine, an Athenian damsel, a favorite of Minerva, changed by her into.a Myrtle. 1. Myrcia acris. Wild Clove, or Bay-berry Myrtle. Peduncles axillary and terminal trichotomous corymbose longer than the leaf compressed, flow- ers 5-fid, leaves elliptic obtuse convex coriaceous very glabrous with elevated reticulated veins on the upper surface very minutely pellucido-punc- tulated. Caryophyllus, aromaticus Indiz occidentalis, Pluk. Alm. 18, t. 155. f. 3.——-Caryophyllus, 1. Browne 247.-— Myrtus acris, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. Il. 909— Myrcia acris DC. Prod. Ul. 243.— Hooker, Bot. Mag. 3153 HAB. Dry Hills. FL. July. A tree 30-40 feet in height: bark ofa greyish brown . colour. Leaves opposite, shortly petiolated, 3-5 inches long. Panicles axillary, on elongated peduncles : pedun- eles compressed: divisions brachiate, each subtended by opposite smajl deciduous bractesee. Calyx punctulated : lobes 4-5, obtuse, spreading, downy within. Petals 5, nearly orbicular, scarcely clawed. Stamens ». Ovary 2-celled: cells l-ovuled; style longer than the stamens: 10 tALYCIFLORA. stigma obtuse. “ Berry crowned, size of a large pea,.2-4- seeded. Swartz.” This receives in some places the name of “the Wild Cinnamon.” Its Haytien name is “ Bois d’ Inde.” HE CaLtyprranrTues. Calycine tube obovate : lim’ previous to flow- ering entire, afterwards separating at the base and forming a lateral and eventually deciduous operculum. Petals ©, or 2-3, very small. Sta- mens © : filaments capillary: anthers small, round, bilocular. Style single: stigma simple. Ovary 2-3 celled; cells at the central angle 2- ovuled. Berry by abortion I-celled, 1-4-seeded. —DC. Name from xadrvrsgov a lid, and avécs a flower, in allusion: to the peculiar form of the calyx. 1. Calyptranthes rigida. Stiff-leaved Calyp- tranthes. Arborescent dichotomously branched, leaves ovate subacute at the base slightly convex gla- brous, peduncles interpetiolar for the most part simple subtriflorous occasionally trichotomously- subdivided with the central branch 3-flowered, the lateral ones !-2 flowered. Swartz, Fl. Ind. Oce. 923. HAB. St. Catherines’ peak. Gap below Dublin Castle, St. Andrew’s. Near the Moneague, Dr. Alexander. FL. July—August. A low tree: young branchlets bifario-lineated. Leaves an inch and a half long, opposite, subacuminate with the apex blunt, subattenuated at the base, entire, shining, stiff, almost nerveless, very obscurely pellucido-punctulated. Peduncles interpetiolar, for the most part solitary, com- pressed: pedicels about two lines inlength. Calyx with the calyptra adhering on one side till the fruit is perfected. Petals O . Filaments numerous, capillary : anthers very minute, spherical, yellow. Style subulate, slightly curv- MYRTACLA. 111 ed: stigma acute. Berry size of a small gooseberry, purple, glaucous, abounding in pulp, 1-seeded: seed small in proportion, size of a coriander seed. 2. Calyptranthes chytraculia. Bastard Green- heart. Leaves elliptic acuminate entire, somewhat stiff glabrous, peduncles at the forking of the branches, as also the flowers, rufo-tomentose. Chytraculia arborea, foliis ovatis, racemis terminalibus, Browne, 239. t. 37. f. 2.—Calyptranthes chytraculia, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 921. HAB. Common, lime-stone hills. FL. June—August. A shrubby tree about 12 feet in height: branches round, glabrous, ash-coloured, dichotomous, spreading, towards the extremity slightiy compressed and rufo-to- mentose. Leaves opposite, when young partially tomen- tose on the under surface: petiole terete, when young rufo-tomentose. Peduncles 1-2, frequently 3-4 at the fork- ing of the branchlets, ferrugineo-tomentose, trichotomous. Flowers small, panicled, subsessile. Opercule of the calyx externally tomentose, ciliated. Filaments nume- rous, white, deciduous. Style subulate, slightly curved: stigma acute. Berry one-seeded. This tree is common in the Port Royal Mountains. It delights in a limestone district. 3. Calyptranthes zuzygium. Avillary flow- ering Calyptranthes. Arborescent, leaves ovate obtuse stiff, peduncles axillary trichotomous many-flowered glabrous. - Suzygium fruticosum, foliis ovatis nitidis, Browne, 240. t. 7. f. 2.—Calyptranthes suzygium, Swartz, Fl. Ind, Occ. 919. HAB. Limestone districts near the sea-shore. FL. June. A low tree, 10-12 feet in height. Leaves entire, very glabrous: petioles short, glabrous. Peduncles from the axils of the subterminal leaves, longer than the leaves tr - LIZ CALYCIFLORA. chotomous, glabrous: pedicels elongated. Flowers larger than those of the préceding species. Calycine opercule glabrous, with a short central point. Filaments long. de-« ciduous: anthers minute. Style subulate: stigma acute. Berry black; seeds 8-4, with one only arriving at ma- turity. fil. Eveenta. ’ Calycine tube subrotund: limb deeply 4-par- lite. Petals of the same number ag, the lobes of the calyx. Stamens o , free. Ovary 2-3-celled ; cells many-ovuled. Berry subglobose, crowned with the lobes of the calyx; when ripe 1, rarely 3-celled: seeds 142, roundish, large: embryo pseudocotyledonsus (cotyledons very thick, and cohering); radicle More or less indistinct, very short.— DC, Named in honor of Prince Eugene of Savoy, a patron of Botany. * Peduncles axillary, one-flowered. 1. Eugenia ligustrina. Privet-leaved Eugenia. Peduncles one-flowered axillary furnished with a lanceolate bractea at the base ebracteolated beneath the flower, leaves oblong obtuse very glabrous pellucido-punctulated. ‘Myrtus ligustrina, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 885—Eugenia ligustrina, Weld. Spec. I. 962. HAB. Road from Maverly to Bryan’s Mountain, St. Andrew’s. FL. March—April. A shrub about 10 feet in height, with spreading branches. Leaves an inch and ahalf long,and nearly 4 inch in breadth. Flowers white resembling those of the com- mon myrtle, axillary, towards the end of the branches: pedicels half an inch in length: bractea shorter than the pedicel. Calycine segments oval, obtuse. Petals longer than the calyx, obtuse, patent, deciduous. Sta- mens numerous. Style filiform: stigma acute. Swartz met with this plant in Hispaniola. The fruit i} ‘ MYRTACEA. 118 according to him, is of the size of a pea, scarlet when ripe, and l-seeded. The leaves in my plant were not fragrant. 2. Eugenia balsamica. Balsamic Eugenia. Pedicels Jateral solitary I-flowered slender sub- villous bibracteolated beneath the flower, leaves ovate obtuse acuminate, pale punctulated and gla- brous beneath, calyx subvillous.—DC, Myrtus balsamica. Spreng Syst. Il. 481.-- Eugenia balsamica, Jacq. frugm. t. 45. f. 2. e. B. Jamaica? The ciliated petals are half the length of the stamens. 3. Eugenia alpma. “4lpine Eugenia. Pedicels axillary solitary one-flowered shorter than the leaf rather thick, leaves ovate coriaceous veinless glabrous, branchlets subquaternate erect ferruginous.— DC. Myrtus alpina, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 8838. HAB. West Peak of the Blue mountain. Swartz. FL. November—December. A low tree. Leaves very numerous, small, nerveless, stiff like those of the yew, very glabrous, shining, dark green: petioles very short. Peduncles scarcely longer than the petiole. Flowers minute, white. Calycine lobes ovate, obtuse, concave, externally hoary. Petals 4, larger than the segments of the calyx. Style subulate : stigma acute. Berry 1-seeded, with the seed oblong. 4, Eugenia emarginata. Kmarginate-leaved Eugenia. Peduncles axillary 1-flowered half the length of the leaf solitary, leaves obovate very shortly petiolate subemarginate entire thick coriaceous paler and minutely punctulated on the under surface. Von, 2. H 114 CALYCIFLORA. HAB. Near the Moneague. Dr. Alexander. FL. February. A shrub: branches spreading, of a ferruginous colour, glabrous, slightly rough from minute asperities. Leaves about an inch and a half long, and rather more than an inch broad, subacute at the base, rounded and usually emarginate at the apex: petioles about 2 lines in length. Peduncle an inch in length, minutely apprésso- puberulous. Bracteoles early deciduous. Calyx persistent, 4-lobed with the lobes rounded. : 5. Eugenia rotundifolia. Round-leaved Eu- genta. Peduncles axillary 1-2-flowered of nearly the same length as the leaf solitary, leaves rounded subsessile crenulated with the crenatures rather obscure coriaceous glabrous minutely punctul- ated especially beneath. ie St. Ann’s. Mr. Purdie. F L. A. shrub, with branches ferruginous, glabrous. Leaf about an inch in diameter. Peduncle about an inch in length, compressed, bearing 1-2 very shortly-pedicelled flowers. Calyx 4-fid, persistent, rounded. Berry 1- celled, 1-seeded. This plant resembles the eucENIA cRENULATA of Swartz, a native of Hayti. It differs however in the peduncle being scarcely longer than the petiole, whereas in the Jamaica plant it is of the length ofthe leaf With this ex- ception the descriptions agree. | * * Flowers axillary subsessile, or fasciculato- glomerated in the axis, and shortly pedunt- cled. 6. Eugenia disticha. Distichal Eugenia. Peduncles axillary branched 3-5 flowered very short, leaves cistichal ovato-lanceolate acute gla- brous, lateral nerves confluent within the margins calycine lobes 4, stigma uncinate—DC. MYRTACE, 115 Myrtus disticha Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 894.—Sims, Bot. Mag. 867.--Lindl. collect. 19.—Eugenia disticha, DC. Prod. II, 274. HAB. Mountains on the Southside.—Swartz. Near Cold Spring, St. Andrew’s. FL. November. A shrub about 5 feet in height: branchlets long, simple, horizontally spreading. Leaves distichal, 4 inches long and nearly two broad, elliptico-lanceolate, acuminate, entire, concave beneath, glabrous and shining, subcoria- ceous: petiole one-fourth of an inch in length, chan- nelled above.. Peduncle axillary, of the same length as the petiole, many-flowered: flowers rather large, showy, white, fragrant, shortly pedicelled, furnished at the inser tion with minute brownish scales. Bracteoles 2, minute, scale-like, orbiculate, appressed to the calyx. Sepals 4, in pairs. Petals 4, deciduous, rounded, concave, pellu- cido-punctulated. Stamens numerous, more than twice the length of the petals: anthers white, oval, cordate. Ovary inferior; style length of the stamens, curved: stigma acute. Berry ovate, red, juicy, sweet : seeds 2-4: cotyledons cohering. Swartz informs us, that this plant is known by the name of Wild Coffee, from the resemblance of the fruit to the common coffee berry. The figure of Dr. Lindley is con- sidered accurate. 7. Eugenia axillaris. 4 zillary-flowered Eu- genia. Peduncles axillary simple or divided at the base shorter at first, afterwards of the same length or longer than the petioles, leaves oval or elliptic subacuminate with the apex obtuse subcoriaceous, nerves more distinct on the upper than on the under surface, shining glabrous. Myrtus axillaris, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 901 ? —Eugenia axillaris, Poir. Suppl. II. 126. HAB. Port Royal mountains. FL. July—September. A shrub about 8 feet in height: branches spreading; ash-coloured, glabrous. Leaves ovate or elliptico-ovate, or elliptic, slightly acuminate, rounded at the base, entire, 116 CALYCIFLORZ. coriaceous, indistinctly nerved, very ee deep green and shining above, paler and minutely punctulated be- neath; the larger leaves nearly 3 inches long, and 14 broad: petiole one-third of an inch in length. Racemes axillary, usually shorter, though occasionally longer than the petiole, simple, rarely divided into 2 or 3 branches, many-flowered: peduncle coloured. Flowers 10-20, shortly pedicelled, small, white, each furnishedat the base with a minute ovate bluntisn bractea. Calyx minutely bi-bracteolated, 4-partite: lobes rounded, minutely pu- | berulous and ciliated. Petals 4, obtuse, concave, glandu- © loso-punctulated. Stamens numerous. Style thick, slightly curved: stigma acute. Berry globose, crowned, black, juicy, 1-seeded. The leaves are smaller in the high mountains and in ex- posed situations. 8. Eugenia filiformis. Slender-pedicelled Eugenia. Peduncles axillary much shorter than the pet- iole few-flowered sometime awanting, pedicels delicately filiform, in the absence of the peduncle lateral or supra-axillary, bracteoles oblong suba- cute, calycine lobes acute, leaves ovato-lanceolate attenuato-acuminate with the apex blunt very glabrous shining above, - HAB. Below Trafalgar, Port Royal mountains. FL. August. A shrub about six feet in height: branches fastigiate. Leaves two inches or more in length, almost nerveless, pellucido-punctulated: petiole one-third of an inch in length. Racemules few-flowered: peduncle when pre- sent not more than two lines in Jength; sometimes awant- ing: pedicels nearly half an inch in length, filiform, 1- flowered, furnished at the insertion with a minute ovate concave brac'ea. Bracteoles a pair immediately beneath the flower, minute, oblong, subacuminate. Sepals sub- equal. Petals? Stamens numerous. 9. Eugenia buxifolia. Box-leaved Eugenia. Peduncles axillary many-flowered very short, f > 5 $ meuernem aah TFT leaves obovate wedge-shaped at the base punctu- lated beneath with the margin revolute, branches and leaves glabrous. Myrtus buxifolia, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 899.—Eugenia buxifolia, DC. Prod. II, 275. HAB. Port Royal mountains, common. FL. J ¥ A le feet in height: branches erect, stiff, ash- coloured, glabrous. Leaves about an inch in length, rounded at the apex, stiff, obscurely nerved and veined, glabrous, shining, paler and punctulated beneath: petiole very short. Peduncles axillary, very short, of the same length as the petiole, bearing about 6 subsessile flowers, each with a bracteated scale at the base. Calyx minute, with the lobes in pairs. Petals twice the length of the lobes of the calyx, ovate, concave, glanduloso-punctulated. Filaments numerous capillary, giving to the flowers a shaggy appearance, white: anthers yellow. Style subu- late, curved, persistent: stigma acute. Berry minute subrotund, l-seeded. Seed very small. 10. Eugenia monticola. Mountain Eugenia. Peduncles many-flowered very short, leaves ovate or oval bluntish wedge-shaped and revolute at the base opake glabrous. ~Myrtus monticola, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 898.— Eu- genia monticola, DC. Prod. Ill, 275. HAB. Road from Guanaboa to Spring-Garden, St. John’s. Common, Port Royal mountains. FL. July—October. A shrubby tree, 6-12 feet in height: branches nume- rous, fastigiate, erect. Leaves oval, obtuse, entire, coria- ceous, obscurely nerved, minutely pellucido-punctulated, about an inch in length, and three-fourths of an inch in breadth: petiole very short, minutely puberulous. Ra- cemes very short, 6-8-flowered: flowers small, white with a crimson tinge, shortly pedicelled, each furs nished at the insertion with a minute oblong blunt brac- tea. A pair of minute bracteoles appressed to the base of the calyx. Calycine segments subunequal, rounded. Petals rather larger than the lobes of the calyx, rounded, concave, glanduloso-punctulated, very minutely ciliated. 1i8 CALYCIFLOR&. Stamens numerous: anthers didymous with a minute glandule in the division separating the cells. Style slight- ly curved, longer than the stamens: stigma acute. Berry size of a small pea, subrotund, of a red colour, one-seeded. Seed subrotund, smooth. The leaves of this species resemble those of our Jamaica Whortle-berry vacctniuM, MERIDIONALE. The flowers are the smallest of our West India species. T h above description differs from that of Swartz, in epee to the calyx according to that Botanist being 4-5-parti and the segments acute, and the petals being 4-5, and of an ovate figure. 11. Eugenia glabrata. Glabrous Eugenia. sae Peluncles axiliary subsolitary of the same length as the petiole, flowers minute crowded, leaves lanceolato-elliptic or elliptic wedge-shaped at the base subacuminate with the apex rounded delicately nerved with the lateral nerves conflu- ent near the margin, shining above glabrous beneath. Myrtus glabrata,Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 903.—DC. Prod. III. 274. HAB. St. Andrew and Port Royal mountains. field, Manchester. . FL. June—August. A shrub about 6 feet in height: branches virgultose, erect, glabrous. Leaves shortly petiolate, 1}-2 inches in length, and nearly one in breadth: petiole about 2 lines in length. Flowers numerous, small, white, crowded, on very short filiform pedicels, furnished with a minute ovate bractea at the insertion. Bracteoles 2, minute, ovali- subrotund. Calycine lobes rounded, very minutely ciliated, glanduloso-punctulated. Filaments capillary: anthers cordate. Style slightly curved. Berry size of a black currant, usually 2-celled : seeds hemispherical. 12. Eugenia Wallenii. Wallen’ s Eugenia. Peduncles axillary usually 4-flowered shorter than the leaves simple minutely ferrugineo-to- MYRTACE. 119 mentulose, calycine lobes and bractea acute, leaves ovato-lanceolate attenuato-acuminate shin- ing sparingly puberulous. | HAB. Cold-Spriag, and Wallenford. FL, August—October. A shrubby tree, about 12 feet in height: branches fas- Bee virgultose, slender, slightly compressed at the end, ame rrugineo-tomentose. Leaves stiff, shining, bluntish, vith an apicula, minutely puberulous especially along the under surface of the mid-rib, obscurely nerved with the nerves anastomosing near the margin, entire, 2 inches in length and scarcely more than half an inch in breadth: petiole short. Flowers sinall, white, fragrant. Peduncle about half an inch in length, sub-4-agonal, ferrugineo- puberulous: pedicels the two lower ones usually opposite, filiform, each furnished at the insertion with a minute ovate acute bractea. Bracteoles a pair, ovate, apiculato-acu- minate, appressed to the calyx. Calycine lobes 4: the two outer opposite, rather smaller, rounded, acuminato- apiculated: the 2 inner rounded; externally ferrugineo- puberulous, ciliated. Petals 4, roundish, concave, minutely ciliated, glanduloso-punctulated. Stamens numerous. Style subulate. I have dedicated this plant to the memory of the late Matthew Wallen, Esquire, the friend of Swartz, and formerly the owner of the properties on which this plant nd. : *** Peduncles azillary bifid or dichotomous with the flowers in the fork sessile, and the others pedicelled. 13. Eugenia dichotoma. Dichotomous Eu- ; genia. Pedunfles axillary opposite and subterminal length of the leaves bifid or twice bifid with a sessile flower at each bifurcation and the rest pe- dicelled, leaves elliptico-lanceolate pellucido-punc- tulated, the young branchlets peduncles and pe- tioles pubescent. DC, Prod, iil. 278. ak 120 CALYCIFLORA. 4 HAB. Port Royal Mountains, Bridge-hill and Bellvue woods. + FL, May. , A tree, about 15 feet in height: branches compressed, minutely pubérulous. Leaves about an inch and a half in length, and nearly one in breadth, elliptic, subacuminate with the apex blunt, attenuated at the base, subentire, gla- brous, shining above: petiole about 2 lines in length, pu- berulous. Peduncles axillary, about the length of t leaf, compressed, dichotomous with a sessile flower at the bifurcation: pedicels terete, previous to the opening of | the flower sericeo-pubegscent. Bracteoles appressed to the calyx, oblong, foliaceous. Calycine lobes obtuse, ated, glanduloso-punctulated. Stamens numerous: ments delicately capillary. Style ereet, declinate. Fruit globular, size of a pea, 2-3-celled. ™ This description differs from the characters given by DeCandolle. : - ' 14. Eugenia bracteata. Graceaee Eugenia. Peduncles axillary and subterminal Jonger than twice the length of the leaf dichotomously branched with a sessile flower at the bifurcation and with the lateral flowers pedicelled, berry bilo- cular with the locules 2-3-seeded, leaves elliptic very shortly acuminate, subacute at the base, gla- brous entire, petiole short puberulous. HAB. Port Royal mountains. FL. July. | A low tree: branches terete, rough, ferruginous, to- wards the end compressed and minutely puberulous. Leaves decussating, dark green above, paler and pelluci- do-punctate beneath; with the nerves indistinet and par- allel: petiole slightly channelled. Peduncle twice the length of the leaf, with the branches divaricating com- ressed and minutely puberulous. Flowers white, fra- grant, with a pair of bracteze at each division of the pe- duncle, and a pair of bracteoles to each flower: bracteoles oblongo-lanceolate, pubagpys: Calycine divisions 4, ovate, concave, blunt, puberulous. Petals 4, roundish, concave. Stamens very numerous, about twice the length of the petals. Style declinate, and curved. Berry 2- oe MYRTACEA, 121 > eelled: cells 2-seeded. To the taste, the leaves are acrid sells an aromatic warmth. This plant is evidently nearly related to the preceding. 7 » 15. Eugenia fragrans. Fragrant Eugenia. Peduncles axillary dichotomously branched a sessile flower at the bifurcation twice the ength of the leaf, leaves elliptic rounded or suba- cuminate at the apex shining above slightly con- cave and punctulated beneath, arboreous. ws fe fragrans, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 914? AB. Port Royal mountains. Road from Green- Valey to Old England. “§ ‘tree about 50 feet in height: stem straight, smooth: branches towards the end subtetragonal, com- pressed, puberulous, glanduloso-punctulated. Leaves de- cussating, rounded, retuse, or subacuminate with a blunt point at the apex, entire, obscurely veined: petiole short. Peduncles solitary. Bractez linear, appressed. Flowers size of those of the common myrtle, white, very fragrant, shortly pedicelled, with a pair of linear bracteoles ap- pressed to the calyx. Calycine lobes 4, concave: the two outer subacute; the two inner rounded. Petals rotundo-ovate, concave, spreading, white, glanduloso- punctulated, deciduous. Stamensnumerous. Style subu- late, declinate: stigma acute. Berry globular, 1-seeded. This forms a very beautiful tree. It is remarkable for its straight erect stem, sending off no branches until it has attained a considerable height. It may be mistaken for the mountain guava, from the resemblance of the stem, the bark of which, as also that of the Pimento, is remarkably smooth and of a grey ferruginous colour.—The above description differs so much from that of Swartz, that the identity of the plants may be doubted. **** Peduncles racemoso-cymose panicled, axillary or terminal. 16. Eugenia virgata. Rod- Wood. Racemes axillary and terminal shorter than Vou. 2. ni * 122 CALYCIFLORA. the leaf, leaves oblongo-ovate acuminate with the apex sharp acute at the base sparingly pube- scent shining above pellucido-punctulated sub- membranaceous. HAB. Port Royal Mountains. FL. June. _A -shrubby tree, about 12-feet in height: branches vir- gate dichotomously divided, slightly compressed, of a fer- ruginous colour, when young villoso-pubescent. Leaves subdistichal, entire, concave beneath, obliquely nerved, shining above, minutely puberulous especially along the under surface of the mid-rib, pellucido-punctulated, sub- membranaceous, 3 inches long, and 14 broad: petiole short, slightly channelled, pubescent. Racemes simple, axillary and terminal, usually 2, sometimes 3 together, more than twice the length of the petiole, 8-12-flowered : pedicels single or two together, half an inch in length, puberulous, one-flowered, furnished at the base with a small lanceolate ovate acute -bractea. A pair of minute ciliated appressed bracteoles at the base of the calyx. Calycine segments subequal, rounded, concave. Petals 4, rounded, concave, glanduloso-punctulated. Stamens numerous. Style erect: stigma simple. In this species the branches are decidedly virgate. This shrubby tree is very common in the Port Royal mountains, and is ‘known commonly by the name of the Rod- Wood. 17. Eugenia virgultosa. Wand-like Eugenia. Racemes axillary and terminal shorter than the leaf, leaves lato-lanceolate attenuato-acumi- nate obtuse glabrous shining pellucido-punctu- lated, berry 2-3-seeded. Myrtus virgultosa, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 905. HAB. Common, higher mountains. FL. May—June. August, Swartz. A shrubby tree, 6-10 feet in height: branches glabrous. Leaves decussating, 24 inches long, and 1 broad, sub- entire or obsoletely crenulated, coriaceous: petioie terete very minutely puberulous. Racemes usually simple, and solitary: peduncle subtetragonal, pubescent: pedicels MYRTACEA. 128 half an inch in length, opposite, terete, puberulous, each furnished at the insertion with a small ovate bractea. A pair of minute broad-ovate ciliated bracteoles below the calyx. Flowers numerous; showy, white, tinged with rose colour. Calyx minute, externally puberulous, 4- cleft: divisions sub-equal, rounded, spreading. Petals obovate, rounded, minutely concave, glanduloso-punctul- ated. Stamens longer than the petals. Style erect, longer than the stamens. Berry spherical, purple, rather dry, erowned with the calycine segments, 2-3-seeded. Seeds hemispherical. The terminal racemes are usually as long as the leaves and are fasciculato-panicled. The petals are very deci- duous, and disappear after a shower of rain. The tree is a very beautiful object when in flower. 18. Eugenia acutiloba. Sharp-lobed Eugenia. Racemes axillary 7-flowered shorter than the Jeaf simple, peduncle and its divisions subhirsute, bracteze and calycine lobes acute, leaves ovali- oblong attenuated at the base acuminate pelluci- do-punctate, the upper surface when young sub- villose, when old glabrous impunctate, the under surface pale pubescenti-villous—DC. DC. Prod. Il. 281. HAB. Port Royal mountains. FL. July. A shrubby tree, about 12 feet in height: slightly com- pressed, glabrous, of a ferruginous colour. Leaves ob- long, acute at the base, attenuato-acuminate with the apex sharp, nerved, pellucido-punctate ; when young slightly villous, when old glabrous on the upper surface ; pubes- centi-villous with appressed hairs beneath. Racemes 7-9-flowered : flowers opposite, pedicelled, each furnished with an appressed bractea at the insertion. Bracteoles 2, ovate, acute. Calyx externally ferrugineo-villous: divisions acute. 19. Eugenia dumosa. Savannah Eugenia. Racemes axillary and subterminal shorter than 124 CALYCIFLORA. the leaf, leaves ovate bluntly acuminate glabrous shining pellucido-punctulated, berry one-seeded. — HAB. Thickets, Liguanea. FL, April. A shrub, 6-8 feet in height: branches erect, virgate, terete, towards the extremity minutely puberulous. Leaves about two inches in length: petiole puberulous Racemes few-flowered: peduncle of the same length as the petiole: pedicels about 3 lines in length, each furnish- ed at the base with an ovate puberulous bractea: brac. teoles 2, minute, acute, at the base of the calyx. Flowers white with acrimson tinge. Sepals subequal, rounded. Petals 4, rounded, minutely ciliated. Berry size of a large pea, scarlet, one-seeded : seed subglobose. 20. Eugenia Chrysophylloides. Star-apple- leaved Eugenia. Panicles towards the end of the branches axillary and terminal 2-3 together shorter than the leaves, peduncle dichotomously branched, divisions compressed ferrugineo-pubescent, with a sessile flower frequently at the bifurcation but with the others pedicelled, calycine lobes une- qual, leaves elliptico-lanceolate obtuse pellucido- — punctulated, berry oblong. HAB. Salt-Hill, Port-Royal. FL. October. A shrubby tree, 10-15 feet in height: branches at the end compressed and ferruginous. Leaves acuminate with the apex blunt; at the base acute and somewhat re- volute, entire, shining, glabrous except being puberulous along the under surface of the nerves, diagonally nerved, 3 4 inches long and 14 broad: petiole terete, channelled. Panicles solitary or 2-3, axillary and terminal, seldom more than 2 inches in length: peduncles angulose, ferru- gineo-pubescent, irregularly branched. Flowers rather large, white, shortly pedicelled, Bracteoles 2, minute, ovate. Calyx externally ferrugineo-puberulous with the lobes ciliated: the 2 outer ones rounded; the 2 inner ovate and smaller. Petals 4, rounded, ciliated, oleoso- punctulated. style declinate, villous at the base. Berry MYRTACE. 125 oblong, red, one-seeded: seed oblong. The specific designation has been suggested by the re- semblance to the leaves of the Star-apple, although the beautiful rufous pubescence on the under surface is wanting. 21. Eugenia Pimenta. Pimento-berry. Peduncles axillary and terminal 3-chotomously panicled, flowers in the bifurcation subsessile, the others pedicelled, leaves oblong pellucido-punctu- lated subopaque glabrous, branchlets compressed or sub-3-gonal, when young puberulous. Myrtus arborea aromatica, Sloane, Il. 76. t. 191. f. 1. —M. foliis oblongo-ovatis, Browne. 247—Myrtus Pimenta, Swartz, Obs. 202.—Sims. Bot. Mag. t. 1236.—lugenia Pimenta, DC. Prod. II. 285. HAB. Common, particularly in limestone districts. FL. March——May. A tree, 30-40 feet in height: stem straight, erect, with a smooth ash-coloured bark: branches towards the end compressed, subtetragonal, or sub-trigonal, and when young minutely puberulous. Leaves opposite, rarely in threes, 5 or more inches long, and 14 broad, obtuse, dia- . gonally nerved: petiole short. Panicles shorter than the leaves, many-flowered: peduncle compressed, minutely puberulous: branches decussating, with the terminal sub- division 3-flowered with the one at the bifurcation sessile, and the lateral ones pedicelled. Bractez leaf-like, decid- uous: bracteoles 2, very minute, persistent. Calycine lobes subequal. Petals larger than the calyx, horizontally spreading, concave, oleoso-punctulated. Stamens nume- rous. Style erect, puberulous: stigma obtuse. Berry globular, size of a red currant, purple, juicy, one-seeded. There is a difference of opinion respecting the trees which are known as male. They are supposed by Pi- mento-planters to be necessary to ensure a crop, and it would be regarded as an act of insanity to cut them down. Thisis one of many popular errors. ‘The flowers of the fruit bearing trees are always found to be hermaph- rodite, with perfect stamens and pistil. There was a solitary tree at the Bath Garden, many miles distant from any other of its species ; and, notwithstanding this, it annu- 126 CALYCIFLOR&A. ally produced an abundant crop. The flowers of the barren trees, differ in nothing from those of the fertile, except that they are somewhat smuller, and that the sta- mens are more fully developed, and more numerous, whereas the different parts of the pistil are smaller. The circumstance therefore of certain trees being barren must be referred to some peculiarity in the system, incapacitating for the due performance of the reproductive function. Pimento-growers inform us that this may be remedied, and that by cutting and pruning close for two or three years, such trees may be rendered fertile. The Pimento is a common tree in several districts of this Island, more particularly in the parish of St. Ann, and in hilly parts where the white limestone prevails. The birds are very fond of the berries when ripe, and thus become active agents in disseminating the tree. Hence in a district where Pimento is grown, in order to establish a Walk or Plantation, it is only necessary to clear the trees and brush wood from a piece of land, when young Pimento plants will spring up in every direction. Very little care, with the exception of an occasional clean- ing, is required, and in a few years, what has received the name of a Pimento- Walk, is established. The crop is collected during the months of June, July, and August, by breaking off, with the hand, the branches,. bearing fruit. It is said that the trees suffer less if the branches are broken, than if they are removed by cutting or pruning with a sharp instrument. The berries are taken before they ripen, when they are still green, and are dried on barbicues by exposure to the sun. When thoroughly dry, they are put into bags, each containing a hundred pounds. The ripe berries, | may mention, are rejected; for when dry they are almost tasteless and possess very little of the peculiar aromatic flavour. Pimento plantations, in productive years, are a source of great wealth to their proprietors. A single tree has — been known to yield one hundred and fifty pounds of cured Pimento. The crop, however, is very uncertain ; for the trees seldom bear heavily oftener than once in five years. ! Pimento has received the name of Jamaica pepper ; from the circumstance that the supply is almost wholly furnished by this Island. The name of Allspice has been given to it because its flavour was considered to be a MYRTACE. Pyi combination of those of Cinnamon, Nutmeg, and Cloves. It is principally employed as a condiment in cookery. In medicine it ranks as a warm stomachic carminative. The dose of the powder is from five grains to a scruple. ‘I'he essential oil and the distilled water, also hold a place in the Pharmacopeia. The latter is selected as a vehicle for purgative medicines, especially rhubarb, the nauseous taste of which, to a certain degree, it conceals. V. Grtias. Calycine tube adhering to the ovary; limb small, 4-cleft, obtuse. Petals 4, coriaceous. Stamens © , inserted on a 4-sided disk: fila- ments at the base connate in five rows, the inner ones being the shortest: anthers reniform, mi- nute. Style O: stigma cruciform concealed by the incurved stamens. Drupe ovate, 8-sulcated, crowned with the calyx, with the nut ob- long —DC. Name from yeaa comepo to eat, in allusion to the edible quality of the fruit. 1. Grias cauliflora. nchovy-Pear. Palmis affinis Malus Persica maxima, caudice non ramoso, foliis longissimis, fructu ex arboris trunco, Sloane, II}. 1238. t. 217.—Calophyllum foliis tripedalibus obovatis, floribus per caulem et ramos sparsis, Browne, 245—Grias cauliflora Linn. Sp. Pl. '732.—Swartz, Obs. 215. HAB. Wet marshy situations. Near Port-Morant. FI. Spring. _A tree 30-50 feet in height: branches undivided or none. Leaves shortly petiolate, 3-34 feet in length and .about 10 inches in Peade at the broadest part, obovato-lanceolate, acuminate, wedge-shaped at the base, being continued along the petiole till within an inch and a half or two inches of the insertion; surface glabrous, of a dark green, and nerved ; margin entire and subundul- ated. The flowers are large, white, fragrant, produced from the stem: peduncles very short, many-flowered: pedicels short, crowded, one-flowered. Calyx 4-cleft. 128 CALYCIFLOR. Petals 4, oblong, obtuse, thick, concave. Fruit has been compared in size to the Alligator’s egg, and also to the fruit of the Mammee-Sapota. This tree is usually found in clumps or thickets, from the seeds growing readily in damp situations, and from a num- ber of the plants, springing up where the seeds have dropt and hence becoming established in the locality. I can- not discover why the name Anchovy should be applied to the fruit of this Tree, unless it be to establish the asser- tion, that Anchovies may grow on trees. Though it is a common tree in certain districts, I cannot learn that the fruit is ever collected for use, or brought to market. ORDER. LXXX. CUCURBITACEA— THE CUCUMBER FAMILY. Flowers hermaphrodite, moncecious or dicecious. Calyx 5-toothed, sometimes obsolete. Petals 5, distinct or more or less united, sometimes scarce- ly distinguishable from the calyx, strongly marked with reticulated veins, sometimes fringed, Sta- mens 5, distinct or united into 1-3 parcels, at-— tached to the petals: anthers bilocular, sinuous. Ovary adhering to the tube of the calyx, 1-celled, with three parietal placente, which often project and uniting form a central column: style short; stigmata thick, velvety or fringed. Fruit more or less succulent, crowned with the scar of the calyx: seeds flat, ovate, enveloped in a juicy or dry and membranous covering : testa coriaceous: albumen ©: embryo straight: cotyledons leafy: radicle next the hilum. I. Frvitea. Flowers diceciouss g Calyx 5-cleft beyond the middle. Petals 5, subcoalescing at the base, CUCURBITACEZ. 129 inserted on the throat of the calyx, alternating with the sepals. Stamens 5, inserted with the petals, alternating with them, sometimes 0, with every alternate one sterile: anthers 2-celled, didymous. ¢@ Calycine tube adnate to the ovary ; limb 5-cleft. Petals 5, distinct (or united at the base), oblong. Lamellz (abortive stamens) 5. Styles 3, with stigmata broad, obtusely bifid. Fruit globose, fleshy, marked in the centre with a circular line (indicating where the calyx ad- hered) and with 5 cicatrices, internally 3-celled : indehiscent, with the rind solid, and with the central axis large fleshy and 3-gonal: cells many- ovuled. Seeds compressed, oval, exalbuminose : embryo straight, with cotyledons plane, subcar- nose.— DC, Named in honor of Lewis Fevillée, a French Francis- can monk who travelled in Peru. 1. Fevillea cordifolia. Antidote Cocoon, Leaves cordate acuminate undivided or pent- angulo-sublobate with four of the angles glandu- loso-incrassated. , Ghandiroba vel nhandiroba Brasiliensibus, Sloane, I. 200. Fevillea foliis crassioribus glabris quandoque cor- datis, quandoque trilokis, Browne, 347—F. scandens, Wright’s Memoirs, 211—F. cordifolia, Swartz, Obs. 377. MAB. Common in damp wooded valleys, and shady places. FL. April—June. Stem perennial, climbing to a great height. The early leaves are undivided, whereas those towards the end of the branches are pentangulo-lobate, with the four central angles glanduloso.incrassated; otherwise eglandulose ; nerves three with the lateral nerves bifurcated near their origin; texture thick, glabrous, porose. ¢g Racemes axillary and terminal, subdivided: peduncle angular, pu- berulous with capitate hairs. Flowers rather small, of Vot, 2. f 130 CALYCIFLORA. a dusky orange. Calycine lobes oblong, obtuse, puberu- lous. Petals 5, obovato-rotund, slightly clawed, puberu- lous with minute capitate hairs, alternating with the divi- sions of the calyx. Lamelle sickle-shaped, attached to the petals as far the centre of the limb, then curved over the anthers. Stamens 5, connected, at the base, corres- ponding and opposite to the petals: filaments pellucid, bearing the anthers on the under surface, of their club- shaped termination. @ Flowers solitary, axillary, short- ly peduncled. Calyx, petals, and lamellz as in the male flowers. Styles 3: stigmata sebreniform. Fruit globose, size of an apple, of a russet colour, hard, many-seeded : seeds large, orbicular, flattened, scabrous. Barham, an old writer on the plants of Jamaica, men- tions that he found this plant in that part of St. Thomas in the Vale which was known in his time by the name of the Sixteen-mile-Walk. The fruit, he adds, is like a green calabash, only it has a circular black line round it, and two or three warts or little knobs. The inside of the shell is full of white flattish beans, inclosed in a white membran- aceous substance. The nuts or beans are full of oil, and excessively bitter. They are ten or twelve in number, and are so close and compressed, that when | have taken them out, I never could place them so again, as to make the shell contain them.” It has often been remarked, that when any vegetable production is more than usually nauseous and unpleasant to the taste, popular opinion immediately concludes that it must pos ess medicinal properties. ‘This is, I believe, the case with the Antidote Cacoon, which has, for no good or sufficient reason, been established in the domestic Phar- macopeia of the West Indies as a most valuable plant. It has been regarded also with favor by the French Colo- nists, having received from them the names of “ Liane contre-porson,” and “ Liane epileptique.”. The Spanish physicians we are to!d, employ it with success, in the form of emulsion, for intermittent fever, and as a counter-poison. The Bucaniers esteemed it su highly, that they never ven- tured on an expedition without taking with them a supply of this fruit (Poupée Desportes IIT. 54). Of the medicinal properties of these seeds I cannot speak from my own experience. Dr. William Wright in his Memoirs states, “1am far from agreeing that it is of use for pains or weakness of the stomach. On the con- trary I find the disorder rapidly to advance under its use, CUCURBITACEA. 131 and that the patient gets into a dropsy.” As, in a full dose, vomiting and purging are produced, it may be from this quality that it has acquired its reputation as an alexi- pharmic. In some families it is kept infused in spirit, with orange peel and wild cinnamon, and a portion of this tincture diluted with wine is not unfrequently offered to the guests previous to dinner. This is a most abominable potion, to be relished only by the most devoted dram-drinker, and calculated to bring on nausea and loss of appetite; a most serious occurrence at such atime. It reminds one of the liqueur known by the name absinthe, but surpasses it in every unpalatable quality. The seeds abounding in oil, burn freely when ignited, and serve as a substitute for candles. The expressed oil gives a clear light when burnt in lamps, and has been manufactured into candles. In cases of poisoned wound, such as that by a dog sus pected of rabies, the pounded kernel of the seed, mixed with Jaudanum, is applied to the wound, and the appli- cation is regarded, by the simple natives, as the “so- vereign’st thing on earth;” whereas the only effect that can be produced is that of irritating the wound. II. DLacenaria. Calyx campanulate; lobes subulate or some- what broad, shorter than the tube. Corolla white: petals obovate, arising within the margin of the calyx. ¢ Stamens 5, tri-adelphous with the fifth free. @ Style generally ©: stigmata 3, thick, bilobed, granulose. Fruit 3-5 ?-celled: seeds obovate, compressed, tumid at the edge, bilobed at the apex. Name from tacena @ bottle. 1. lLagenaria vulgaris, Bottle- Gourd. Softly pubescent musky, stem scandent, cirrhi 3-4-cleft, leaves cordate subentire piloso-subglau- - cescent biglandulose at the base, flowers mone- cious stellated very patent fasciculed, connective 132 CALYCIFLOR&. with oblongo-ovate acute papille, fruit pubescent, when ripe glabrous very smooth with the pulp white and edible—DC. Cucurbita tertia seu lagenaria, flore albo, folio molli, Sloane, I. 225.—C. villoso, fructu. pyriformi, Browne, 354. HAB. Fences and waste places, FL. Throughout the year. Fruit is of various shapes and sizes. Some are six feet long and two feet thick. The large gourd resembles a bottle in shape having a Jong neck and large bulb, and when freed of its pulp and seeds will hold several gallons of water. Some are cylindrical, and serve as powder horns. The African negroes also make of it a musical instrument, resembling a guitar, styled the Banjo, to produce an accompaniment to their simple songs. The pulp is never employed for any purpose. A decoc- tion of the leavesis said to be purgative. The fruit is styled by the French “ Calabasse rampante ou de terre” Iii. Cucumis. Calyx tubuloso-campanulate ;_ divisions. subu- late scarcely the length of the tube. Petals slightly united among themselves and to the calyx. g Stamens 5, triade!phous. ? Stigmata 3, thick, bipartite. Pepo 3-6-celled, with the seeds ovate, compressed and not margined. Name from the Latin cucumis, a cucumber. 1. Cucumis melo. The Melon. Stem humifuse scabrous cirrhiferous, leaves rounded angular; Male flowers, with the tube of the calyx subventricose at the base dilated at the apex, stamens included, and anthers shorter than the connective; hermaphrodite flowers, with the anthers asin the former, the stigmata 3-4, shortly bi-lobed ; fruit ovate or subglobose 8-12-sulcated, with the flesh yellow or white—DC. CUCURBITACE. 133 HAB. Cultivated. FL. After the May and October rans. The Musk-Melon thrives best in dry districts, and in a good soil. In such situations it comes to great perfection, requiring very little cultivation. It is supposed to have been originally a native of Asia, and to have been culti- vated from time immemorial. The flesh of the Melon, when ripe, and of a good des- cription, is cooling and refreshing, and promotes the eva- cuations. The pulp is applied externally as a cooling application to inflamed surfaces. There are some, whose digestion is impaired, with whom this fruit does not agree. They find it heavy, indigestible, and occa- sionally apt to excite fever. ‘his is owing either to a peculiar idiosyncrasy, or to the bad quality of the fruit. It usually proves grateful to the taste, and easily digested. To obviate the apprehended bad effects, some eat the fruit with salt: whereas others sprinkle it with sugar, thus giving “ sweets to the sweet.” I may add that an emul- sion may be prepared from the recent seeds, which is considered to be soothing and pectoral. 2. Cucumis sativus. Cucumber. Stem scabrous cirrhiferous, leaves cordate ob- scurely 5-lobed, flowers shortly peduncled sub- ternate rather large, tube of the calyx tubuloso- campanulate, limb patent deflected, petals some- what acute, fruit oblong triquetrous. HAB. Cultivated. FL. Throughout the year. This species also came originally from Asia. The fruit is either used crude as a sallad, or it is boiled and added to stews. In the crude state it is found to be cooling and Jaxative. It is sometimes preserved in salt, with the addition of spices. Cucumbers prepared in this manner are imported into England from Russia, and occasionally find their way to Jamaica. 3. Cucumis anguria. Wild Cucumber. Very hirsute, stem humifuse angulated cirrhi- ferous, leaves cordate palmato-sinuated 3-4-or-5- 134 CALYCIFLORA. lobed with the lobes subentire, # flowers sub- solitary, fruit ovoideo-globose echinated. C. anguiree, folio latiore aspero, fructu minore candido, spinulis obtusis muricato, Sloane, Jam. 105—C. subhir- sutus minor, Browne, 335—C. sylvestris Americanus, fructu ovi figura. Pluk. Phyt. 170. f. 3.—C. anguria. Linn. Sp. 1436. HAB. Common in dry pastures. FL. ‘Throughout the year. Stem pentangular, longitudinally sulcated, scabroso- hirsute, thickness of a crow quill. Leaves 3-lobed, (the middle lobe the largest, and the lateral lobes sub-bilobed) hirsute with very stiff hairs, denticulated except towards the base where the margin is subentire: petiole longer. than the leaf, longitudinally channelled. Cirrhi simple, solitary, arising from the side of the petiole Male flower small, yellow: peduncle axillary, subsolitary, sometimes accompanied by a female flower, about one-third of an inch in length, filiform, hispidulous. Calycine segments alternating with the divisions of the corolla. Segments of the corolla rounded, veined, externally hispidulous. Stamens 3-adelphous: filaments short: connective pro- duced beyond the anthers. Rudiments of the ovary a spherical depressed disk. Female flowers on a peduncle at first an inch in length, but elongating as the fruit ripens Ovary echinated: style received into an annular disk : stigmata 3, obiong, with the imner surface smooth, and the outer granular. This is a very wholesome vegetable, dressed plain, or in stews. It is also esteemed as a pickle. A, Cucumis Citrullus. Water Melon. Very pilose, stem humifuse cirrhiferous, leaves obtusely pinnatisected sub-glaucescent, flowers solitary unibracteated, bractea oblong, fruit sub- globose glabrous stellato-maculated. Anguria prima, citrullus dicta. Sloane, I. 226.—Cu- curbita citrullus. Linn. Sp. 1485.-—-Cucumis citrullus, DC. Prod. \il. 301. F HAB. Cultivated. FL. Throughout the year. CUCURBITACEA. 135 This plant is regarded as originally a native of Africa and India. It is also cultivated in the Levant, Italy and the South of France, and in the warmer regions of the American continent, as well as in these Islands. It has been remarked that it thrives best in maritime situations, as if the sea air were favorable to its growth and productive- ness. In this island it acquires the greatest perfection, and no particular cultivation is required. The fruit is not unfrequently a foot and a halfin length, with the diame- ter in proportion. As a proof of its abundance, I may mention that the price varies from three-pence to six- pence. The pulp is of a red colour with its cells filled with a watery fluid, so that it dissolves nearly entirely in the mouth. From this quality, it has received the name of Water Melon. It is a most grateful fruit to the inhabitants of warm countries, superior in its cooling effects, as well in being grateful to the palate, to any of the ices or other highly-prized preparations of the most skilful confectioner. At the same time it is light of diges- tion, agreeing with the weakest stomachs, and yielding though sparingly a certain degree of nutriment. The fruit even when removed from the stem, after being ex- posed for some time to the mid-day sun, is still found to be cool and refreshing. 1 have given it with advantage in fever. It is slightly laxative. The French have be- stowed on the seeds of the Melons, the name of “ semences Sroides” and have employed them in the form of emulsion, in the treatment ofinflammatory fevers. By the Arabian physicians they are regarded as lithontriptic. iV. Lurra. Male flowers panicled, yellow. Tube of the calyx hemispherical; the divisions longer than the tube. Petals free, deciduous. Stamens 5, free; anthers very flexuose. Female flowers solitary. Calyx with the tube oblongo-clavate 5 divisions shorter than the tube. Stamens sub- abortive. Stigmata reniform. Pepo ovate 3- locular. Name derived from louff, the Arabic name of Lurra AGYPTIACA. 136 CALYCIFLORA. 1. lLuffa acutangula. East-Indian- Okra. Stem tortile, leaves cordate subquinque-lobate acutely toothed, cirrhi undivided or 2-3-cleft, fruit clavate 10-angular crowned at the apex with the calyx, rind hard, seeds plane oblongo-rotundate black and shining when ripe. : HAB.. Cultivated. On fences. FL, Throughout the year. It is probable that this plant was brought here by the Coolie emigrants, as it is of very recent introduction. It is a native ae the East Indies, where it is much esteemed as a pot-herb. It is very generally cultivated in the Isles of France and of Bourbon. . 2. Luffa Aigyptiaca. The Strainer Vine. Stem hirsute anguloso-sulcated, leaves cordate subrotund lobed with the lobes angular excised at the base with the margin incumbent, cirrhi simple, fruit obovato-clavate 10-angled crowned with the divisions of the calyx. Cucumis /Zgypticus reticulatus, Moris. Hist. I. 35. f. 1. t. 7.—Momordica luffa, Willd. Spec. IV. 603.—Luffa fEgyptiaca, DC. Prod. 303. HAB. Fences. FL. Throughout the year. * The specimens of the fruit that_I have met with, resem- ble in shape and size the common cucumber, being how- ever somewhat thicker. The attachment of the fruit to the vine continues after the fruit has become ripe, and the pulp has decayed, so that only the reticulated fibres are Jefi, preserving the form or frame-work, and representing as it were the skeleton of the fruit. In this state, itis adapt- ed and has been applied to the purpose of straining dime- juice for the manufacturing of Punch. Hence if has re- ceived the familiar designation of the Strainer- Vine. Those who resort to this expedient, however, must be more curious than particular, as the process by this me- thod would be very imperfectly performed. The pulp, though insipid, is said to constitute an article CUCURBITACEA. 137 of food among the Egyptians. It is also rubbed over the surface of the body, after the bath, to act as a cosmetic. V. Bryonia. Flowers moneecions or diecious. Petals scarce- ly united atthe base. g Calyx 5-toothed. Sta- mens 3-adelphous: anthers flexuose. ¢? Style 3-fid. Fruit ovate or globose, smooth, few-seed- ed: seeds ovate, scarcely compressed, more or less margined. Nume from Bevw to grow rapidly. 1. Bryonia racemosa. Jamaica Bryony. Lower leaves palmato-5-lobed, the leaves high- er on the stem 3-lobed and undivided, divisions oblong mucronate denticulated, flowers racemose, peduncles subsecund, fruit ovoid. Bryonia racemosa foliis ficulneis. Plum. Amer. 83. t. 97.—B. foliis hirtis, trilobis, vel quinquelobis, racemis minoribus alaribus. Browne, 385—B, racemosa, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 1148. HAB. Common, in thickets and by the road-sides in the mountains. , FL. December—March. Root perennial. Stem at the base woody; afterwards herbaceous, very long, scarcely thicker than a swan’s quill, anguloso-sulcated, hispid. Leaves palmate: the early leaves 5-lobed, the later ones 3, or sub-5-lobed; middle lobe the largest; lateral ones less distinct; all of them oblong, mucronato-apiculated, serrato-dentate or denticulated ; nerves 3, with the lateral nerves bifurcated ; veins reticulated; surface hispid; petiole subterete, channelled, hispid. Tendrils axillary, subsimple. Ra- emes axillary, arising between the petiole and the tendril, horter than the petiole, about 4-flowered, subsecund. Peduncle thick, anguloso-sulcated, hispid : pedicels short, terete, 1-flowered. Flowers diccious. { Pedicels not more than 2 lines in length, minutely hispidulous. Calyx campanulate, contracted at the throat, 5-toothed; teeth VoL, 2. i* 138 CALYCIFLOR A. small. , Petals 5, linear. shortly acuminate, concave and: sub-triquetrous at the apex, externally green, minutely puberulous, nearly an inch in length. Filaments triadel- phous, subulate at the apex, dilated and villous at the base: anthers yellow, cohering so as to forma cylindri- cal body with a villous tuft in the centre. Glandules two, minute, at the base of the calyx. Rudiments of the pistil a depressed 3-lobed glandular disk. 9 Calyx con- tracted where it parts with the ovary ; afterwards dilated ; contracted at the throat. Petals as in the male flowers. Abortive stamens short, white, linear, ciliated, inserted at the base of the petals. Glandules 3-5, surrounding the base of the style, globular, yellow. Style length of the corolla, compressed: stigmata 3-4, free, reflected, cordate, expanded. Fruit size of a sparrow’s egg, oblong, gla- brous, of a reddish-orange when ripe, 1-2-celled: cells 1-seeded : seeds oblong, slightly-compressed. I have given a full description ef this plant, as it has not hitherto been the subject of accurate examination. The appellation ficulneus employed by Plumier, is very characteristic of the leaves. Browne describes the stig- ma. or termination of the style as divided into three thin reflected lobes, and the fruit as seldom exceeding three- quarters of an inch in diameter. All parts of the plant are intensely bitter. It has received from the French the name of “ Liane au mal des yeux.” * VI. Momorpica. Flowers monecious, yellow or white: pedun- cles uni-bracteated, filiform. g¢ Calyx 5-cleft, with the tube very short. Corolla 5-partite. Stamens 3-adelphous: anthers connate. ¢ Filaments 3 (5-triadelphous), sterile. Style 3-fid.” Ovary 3- celled. fruit frequently muricated, when ripe bursting elastically. Seeds compressed, reticul- ated. | Name from momoror the perfect of morpzo to chew, in allusion tu the appearance of the seeds. . . 1. Momordica balsamina. Smooth-leaved Cerasee. Leaves quinquelobato-palmate coarsely toothed CUCURBITACES. 139 subglabrous, fruit subrotundo-ovate attenuated at both ends angulato-tuberculated orange-coloured irregularly and laterally bursting, bractea above the middle of the peduncle cordate crenulated, arillus scarlet, Cucumis puniceus, Sloane, I. 128—Momordica g!abra, Browne, 353.—M. balsamina, Linn. Spec. 1458. HAB. On fences. Cultivated. FL. During the greater part of the year. Stem filiform; branches angular, glabrous. Leaves irregularly dentate, glabrous with exception of the mi- nutely puberulous under surface of the nerves. Peduncles axillary, about an inch anda half in length, puberulous, bearing a single bractea, which is cordate, orbiculate, crenulated, puberulous, longitudinally nerved, apiculated ; placed about two or three lines below the insertion of the flower. Calycine divisions ovate, attenuato-apiculated, externally puberulous. Corolla 5-partite nearly to the base; lobes rounded, veined, puberulous. Stamens 3- adelphous. Fruit nearly two inches in length, spherical, attenuated at both ends, marked with eight longitudinal rows of tubercles, bursting irregularly and laterally with an elastic spring fromthe base: arillus scarlet: seeds about 5, oblong, compressed, smooth. This plant was probably introduced from the East. Ainslie informs us that the Sanscrit name of the piant is vahisee, which sounds very like our cerasee. Hasselquist mentions that the fruit of this species is famous in Syria for curing wounds. The natives cut it open and infuse it in sweet oil, which they expose to the sun for a few days, and then preserve for use. Dropped on cotton and applied to a fresh wound, they consider it as a vulnerary little inferior to the Balsam of Mecca. A decoction of the root is said to act as a de-obstruent, and to promote the secretions of the liver and kidneys. An infusion of the pulp of the fruit, with the addition of the carbonate of soda, forms an elegant wash for discolorations of the cutis. The leaves are a favorite potherb in India, and have the reputation of promoting the lochial discharge when scanty. The fruit contains an insipid sweetish pulp, which Barham assures us, “ purges excellently well”: so that mixed with guinea-pepper it is efficacious for the cure of belly-ache. 140 CALYCIFLORZ. 2. Momordica Charantia. Hairy Cerasee. Leaves septemlobato-palmate dentate subhir- sute, cirrhi pubescent, fruit oblong acuminate an- gulated tuberculated saffron-coloured or red, pulp yellow soft, bractea cordate very entire below the middle of the peduncle, seeds oblong tubercul- ated, arillus scarlet. Momordica subhirsuta, Browne, 353.—M. Charantia, Linn. Spec. 1433.— Sims Bot. Mag. 2455. HAB. On fences. Cultivated. FL. After the May and October rains. Stem herbaceous, pentagonal, sulcated, subhirsute, es- pecially at the joints. Leaves subglabrous above, sub- hirsute beneath, especially the under surface of the nerves, ciliated and irregularly serrated: petiole 14-2 inches in length: cirrhi simple, pubescent. Peduncle 23 to 3 inches long, filiform, sparingly pubescent. Bractea situ- ated below the middle of the peduncle, sessile, orbicular, apiculated, semi-amplexicaul, entire, ciliated, nerved. ¢@ Calycine segments oblong, acute. Corolla three times longer than the calyx; segments longitudinally 5-veined Filaments triadelphous, short, robust: anthers cohering. Q As in the male, but the peduncle elongates and be- comes incrassated as the fruit ripens. Stamens none, but in their places five small glandules encircle the base of the style; one of them being single, the others in pairs Style short: stigmata 3, subcapitate, green. Ovary tu- berculated, cylindrical, attenuated at both ends, 3-celled. We are informed that the fruit of this species is much prized by the Cochin-chinese as a potherb. It supplies one of the ingredients of the celebrated pepper-pot- of the West-Indies. It is supposed to possess similar medicinal properties as the preceding species. VII. Securum. Flowers monecious. ¢ Calyx subquinque- dentate. Corolla closely united to the calyx. Stamens 4-5, monadelphous, free at the apex, di- verging; anthers cordate, distant. 9? Calyx and corolla as in the male. Stamens ©. Style CUCURBITACEA. 141 thick: stigma subcapitate, 3-5-cleft. Pepo ob- cordate, one-seeded; seed ovate, plane, com- pressed. Name from onxe& to fatten in a stall: the fruit having the reputation of being useful for fattening hogs. 1. Sechium edule. The Chocho. Stem smooth, leaves cordato-angulated, lobes connivent at the base dentate, terminal lobe the longest acuminate, tendrils 4-5-cleft, male flow- ers racemose, female solitary in the same axilla, fruit obovate 5-sulcated gibbous at the apex piloso-echinated. Sechium foliis cordato-angulatis, racemis minoribus ad alas, Browne, 355.—Sicyos edulis, Swartz, Prod. 116.-- Sechium edule, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. 1150. HAB. Cultivated. In thickets. FL. Throughout the year. The root of the mature plant is large and fleshy, resem- bling the yam in appearance, and weighing from 10 to 20 pounds. The male flowers are arranged in a raceme, which is axillary and longer than the petiole. Female flowers subsolitary, axillary, shortly peduncled, accompa- nying the male raceme. Fruit large, carnoso-succulent, about 4 inches in length, usually furnished with small her- baceous prickles. Seed ovate, compressed, an inch in length, greenish, divisible into two plates, protruding from the cleft apex of the fruit when ripe. This is a very wholesome fruit, being one of the few vegetable productions of our gardens which admit of being made use of even by the most delicate stomachs. Like the Ochra, and the Indian-Kale, I never knew either spasm or flatulence, or any of the usual symptoms, of indigestion occasioned by it. There are two varie- ties of the Chocho in cultivation; Ist, the common green; and 2nd, the white. The latter is by far the most delicate. With the addition of lime juice and sugar, it supplies an ingredient for tarts. The root when dressed is very wholesome and palatable, and can scarcely be distinguished from the yam. 142 CALYCIFLOR&. oe oe This is the Chocho of South America, and the Chayote of Cuba. VII. Visivceuid Flowers monecious. Calyx 5-toothed. Co- rolla 5-cleft: divisions bilobed. g¢ Stamens 3, distinct: anthers lineari-oblong, tetragonal, trun- cated, with the cells lateral and linear. ¢@ Style 3-cleft, surrounded at the base with an urceolated disk: stigma capitate, bipartite: divisions oblong, acute. Fruit ovoid, 3-celled, many-seeded. Name bestowed in memory of Landers, the African Traveller. 1. Landersia pervaga. Straggling Landersia. Cucumis minima, fructu ovali nigro levi. Sloane, 1. 227. t. 142. f 1.—-Melothria scandens, Browne, 124.— Melothria pendula. Linn. Sp. 49. 4B. Common on fences, and in ruinate Coffee-pieces. FL. Throughout the year. Root composed of filiform white branching fibres. Stem herbaceous, filiform, anguloso-sulcated, subglabrous, scandent, sarmentose at the base. Leaves alternate, pet- iolate, sub-triangulari-cordate, usually sub-trilobate; the middle lobe the largest, terminating in a callous apicula; lateral lobes usually augmefited by a smaller lobe, thus rendering the leaf sub-quinque-lobate: all of them angus lari-dentate, hispid, nerved, and veined, shining, of a deep green colour: petiole subterete, angular, channelled, his- pidulous. Tendrils solitary, simple. Flowers small, yel- low. ¢ Racemes arising between the petiole and the tendril, solitary, few-flowered, shorter than the petiole: pedicels half an inch in length, filiform, 1-flowered. . Calyx campanulate, ventricose, contracted at the throat: teeth 5, minute, sharp, erect. Petals 5, united to forma monopetalous corolla, internally, especially at the throat, minutely puberulous: limb 5-cleft; divisions bi-lobed, with the lobes rounded. Stamens 3, scarcely longer than the tube of the corolla: anthers linear, 4-seeded: cells 2, linear, lateral, with the margins aurantio-ciliulated. Ru- diments of the pistil a depressed annular disk. 9 Flow- = he CUCURBITACE. 143 ers on a solitary filiform reverted adlliaryBedicel twice the length of the petiole, accompanying the male raceme. Calyx and corolla as in the barren flower. Vestiges of the stamens obscure. Disk urceolate, crenulated. Ovary oblong: style short: stigma capitate, 3-partite, with the divisions bifid. Berry pendulous, size of a sparrow’s egg, ovoid, purple when ripe, glabrous, 3-celled: seeds nume- rous, ovate, albido-sericeo-villous, inserted by the sharp end to the angle formed by the septum and the rind. ‘This is a very common plant in the mountains, and in seasonable districts. When it grows in a cleared place, it may be observed sending out a long filiform sarmentum in search of some shrub or other object to which it may attach itself. As I could not reconcile this plant, to the generic characters of meLoruria,! preferred forming a new genus for its reception. IX. ‘TRIcHOSANTHES. Flowers moncecious, white. g Calyx subcla- vate, 5-partite; lobes setaceo-apendiculated, ex- ternally furnished with 5 teeth alternating with the lobes. Corolla 5-partite, ciliated. Filaments with 3 stamens (triadelphous): anthers coales- cing, with the !ocules very flexuose. ¢@ Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla 5-partite, lacinioso-ciliated. Style 3-fid: stigmata oblong, subulate. Fruit oblong, 1 ?--3-9-celled. Seeds compressed, tuni- cated, obtuse, much depressed— DC, Name from seryxes hairs, and avéos a flower in allusion to the lobes of the corolla being fringed or ciliated. 1. Trichosanthes Colubrina. Snake-plant. Stem sulcated, cirrhi tripartite, leaves cordato- subrotund obsoletely 2-5-lobed remotely toothed villoso-pubescent, male flowers panicled, female fiowers axillary subsessile arising with the pedun- cle of the male flowers. Calyx very long with the limb reflected, fruit subterete very long, seeds oboyate red. e > .. tap.’ 144 ° OALYCIFLOR A: HAB. Cultivated. FL. After the rains. * This vine furnishes in its fruit a very remarkable vegetable production. It is about four feet long and an inch in diameter, and has a great resemblance in form and appearance to the yellow snake of the country. I am not aware that it‘ts adapted for any purpose. 2. Trichosanthes pomiformis. Globular- fruited Trichosanthes. Stem terete striated subglabrous, cirrhi simple, leaves ovate cordate acute sub-tri-lobate denticul- ated, glabrous above, hispid especially along the nerves beneath, ¢ fi. with the peduncle longer — than the petiole, ¢ fl. with the peduncle one- third the length of the former, calyx campanulate with the lobes lanceolate and spreading, petals ciliated, fruit 3-celled, with each cell about 9- seeded. Trichosanthes foliis denticulatis quandoque trilobis, quandoque cordatis, fructu subrotundo. Browne, 354.— T. amara? Linn. Sp. 1482. HAB. The higher mountains. FL. January—May. Stem climbing to a great height, with the branches sus- pended from trees, especially along the road-sides in the mountains. Leaves with the lobes subacuminate and api- culated, 3-nerved with lateral nerves bifid: petiole com- pressed. g Flowers with the peduncle axillary, subsoli- tary, one-flowered, an inch and a halfin length. Flowers large, greenish-white. Calyx subpentagonal, campanu- late, hispid; limb with 5 leaf-like lanceolate spreading lobes alternating with 5 small teeth. Corolla tomentose and ciliated, with the lobes oval, obtuse, longitudinally nerved. Stamens 5, triadelphous: filaments woolly: ane thers large, cohering, very flexuose Rudiments of the pistil none. @ Flowers with the peduncle accompanying that of the male flower, half an inch in length, thick, terete, hispidulous, one-flowered. Calyx and corolla as above. Filaments 3, subulate, length of the styles, woolly with transparent hairs: anthers awanting. 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